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‘aeqem UT spunoduioo eTqeyoe14xe-Teuyneu-aseq aTqersAooeu ATTe}IOF JO SUOTZeAqUaOUOD--"g STABL

-14-


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-35-


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‘aaqem UT Spunoduod eTqezoRI4Xe-Teaqneu-aseq STQeusAcdea ATTeIO JO SUOTJeA{UEDUOD--"1T eTaeL


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(Teq0L) ddd

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SUOT}eUZUSOUOD pUNoUsyAoOeG pepssoxs SUOTZeUQUSOUOD esOYyM SpuNodulod oTURZU0 yoaTES--"E xTpusddy

-50-


Appendix 2.--Drinking-water standards for selected inorganic and organic
chemicals

(Source, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1975, 1979a, 1979b)]

National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations

Constituent Concentration (ug/L)
Inorganic: Arsenic 50
Bariun 1,000
Cadmium 10
Chromium 50
Cyanide 200
Lead 50
Mercury 2
Selenium 10
Silver 50
Organic: Bromoform 100
Chloroform 100
Endrin 0.2
Lindane 4
Methoxychlor 100
Toxaphene 5

National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations

Constituent
or property

Concentration (ug/L)

Copper
Iron
Manganese
pH

Zine

1,000
300
50
16.5 - 8.5
5,000

1 Not microgram per liter.
concentration.

pH is the negative logarithm.of the hydrogen ion

-48-


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-46-


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-36-


Appendix 1. Water-quality survey of Eagle Creek and tributaries upstream from
Eagle Creek Reservoir, August 25-26, 1980

A. Concentrations of selected metals and nonmetals on streambed
material (<63-micron fraction)

B. Concentrations of organochlorine insecticides on streambed
material (<63-micron fraction)

C. Concentrations of organophosphorus insecticides on streambed
material (<63-micron fraction)

D. Concentrations of chlorinated-phenoxy and acid herbicides on
streambed material (<63-micron fraction)

E. Concentrations of nutrients on streambed material
(<63-micron fraction)

F. Field measurements and streambed-material-size analyses

G. GC/MS base-neutral scan of streambed-material (<63-micron
fraction)

2. Drinking-water standards for selected inorganic and organic
chemicals

3- Select organic compounds whose concentrations exceeded background

concentrations in Finley and Eagle Creek, October and December,
1982

“ve


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a \

as ee ee | EXPLANATION

2 ling site and
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Figure 2.-- Sampling sites in the Eagle Creek watershed, Indiana, 1982-83,
-4-


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WATER AND STREAMBED-MATERIAL DATA, EAGLE CREEK WATERSHED, INDIANA,
AUGUST 1980, OCTOBER AND DECEMBER 1982, AND APRIL 1983:
UPDATING OF U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN-FILE REPORT 83-215

By David J. Wangsness

ABSTRACT

Water-quality surveys within the Eagle Creek watershed, Indiana, were done
by the U.S. Geological Survey in August 1980, October 1982, December 1982, and
April 1983 in cooperation with the city of Indianapolis, Department of Public
Works. Streambed-material and water samples were collected from Finley and
Eagle Creeks at various flow rates and were analyzed for selected metals, non-
metals, insecticides, and acid-extractable and  base-neutral-extractable
compounds. Water samples also were analyzed for volatile organics.

This report lists all the data collected and analyzed by the U.S.
Geological Survey during the 1980, 1982, and 1983 surveys but does not
interpret the data.

INTRODUCTION

In late August 1980, the city of Indianapolis, Department of Public Works,
Participated in a cooperative water-quality study in which the U.S. Geological
Survey collected samples of streambed materials to define the general water
quality of the upper Eagle Creek watershed. The samples were analyzed for a
wide variety of organic and inorganic constituents (appendix 1) at 11 sampling
sites (fig. 1). The purpose of the survey was to collect water-quality infor-
mation that could be used by the city of Indianapolis to determine if any toxic
substances were entering Eagle Creek Reservoir (where they may pollute the
drinking-water supply and ultimately endanger the public safety) and to aid the
city in identifying areas that may be contributing these substances to the
surface-water supply.

In October 1982, a second survey was made for the city of Indianapolis.
The purpose of the survey was to collect water-quality information that could
be used by the city to determine if the types and concentration of substances
in Eagle Creek in August 1980 had changed. Because toxic substances detected
in the 1980 survey entered Finley Creek from a source between sites 3 and 4

-l-


FACTORS FOR CONVERTING INCH-POUND UNITS TO THE
INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS (SI)

Multiply inch-pound unit By To obtain SI unit

inch (in.) 25.40 millimeter (mm)

foot (ft) 0.3048 meter (m)

square foot (ft?) 0.093 square meter (m?)

cubic foot per second (ft 3/s) 0.0283 cubic meter per second (m?/s)

mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer (km)

square mile (mi*) 2.590 square kilometer (km?)
Temperature

°C = 5/9 (°F-32°)

USE OF TRADE NAMES

Any use of trade names in this report is for descriptive purpose only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

ng/L milligram per liter

ug/L microgram per liter

ug/g microgram per gram

ug/kg, microgram per kilogram

°C degree Celsius

oF degree Fahrenheit

ft °/sec cubic foot per second

umho /em micromho per centimeter

< less than

Hwy highway

st. street

PCB polychlorinated biphenyl

PCN polychlorinated naphthalene

DDD 2,2 bis{p-chlorophenyl )-1,1-dichloroethane
DDE dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene

DDT dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethane

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

-vi-


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-13-


(fig. 1), the 1982 survey was done at these two sites and at two sites on Eagle
Creek downstream from Finley Creek (fig. 2). These four sites were sampled in
October 1982, and three of them in December 1982, and in April 1983. This re-
port lists the results of all surveys.

APPROACH

On the basis of results of the 1980 survey, chemical constituents and prop-
erties of surface water at four sites were measured and sampled on October 26-
27, 1982. Site 1, on Finley Creek at 1100 East North Road, represents back-
ground water quality upstream from the identified change in water-quality (fig.
2). Site 2, on Finley Creek at Highway 421, represents a location where water
quality is believed likely to be affected. Site 3, on Eagle Creek at West
146th Street, is downstream from the mouth of Finley Creek. Site 4, on Eagle
Creek at Highway 100 (86th Street), represents the quality of water before it
enters Eagle Creek Reservoir.

Dissolved-oxygen concentration, specific conductance, water temperature,
PH, and discharge were measured in the field at the sampling sites, and samples
of suspended sediments and streambed materials were collected and returned to
the laboratory for size analysis. Water and streambed-material samples were
collected and analyzed for selected metals, insecticides, and acid-extractable
and base-neutral-extractable compounds. Water samples also were analyzed for
volatile organics.

The October 1982 survey was done during an extremely low-flow period;
therefore, the samples probably represented the ground-water contribution to
the streams (base flow). The samples at site 4 included treated wastewater
from Zionsville as another source of water. A third survey done December 14,
1982, after a rainy period, represented high flow. Site 1, the upper site in
Finley Creek, was not sampled in December, and only water samples were collect-
ed at sites 2, 3, and 4 at that time. A fourth survey was done April 13,
1983, during high flow. Water samples were collected at sites 2, 3, and 4, and
the water analyzed for selected metals and nonmetals, insecticides, volatile
organics, and acid-extractable and base-neutral extractable compounds.

METHODS

Dissolved-oxygen concentration, specific conductance, water temperature,
and pH were measured at each site. Discharge was measured by current meters
or was estimated at low flows. All water samples were collected by dipping the
sample bottle from surface to bottom at several points in the stream section to
assure a well-mixed sample.

-3-


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-19-


UNITED STATES
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

WATER AND STREAMBED-MATERIAL DATA, EAGLE CREEK WATERSHED, INDIANA
AUGUST 1980, OCTOBER AND DECEMBER 1982, AND APRIL 1983: UPDATING OF
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN-FILE REPORT 83-215

By David J. Wangsness

Open-File Report 83-532

Prepared in cooperation with the
CITY OF INDIANAPOLIS,
DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS

Indianapolis, Indiana
1983


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SELECTED REFERENCES

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1975, National interim primary drinking
water regulations: Federal Register, v. 40, no. 248, p. 59566-59588.

1979a, National secondary drinking water regulations: Federal Register,
ve 44, no. 140, p. 52195-52202.

1979b, National interim primary drinking water regualtions; control of
trihalomethanes in drinking water: Federal Register, v. 44, no. 231,
p- 68624-68707.

Windholz, Martha, ed., 1976, The Merck index: Rahway, N.Jd., Merck and Co.,
Inc., 1,900 p.

-6-


Streambed-material samples for determining size distribution were collected
from several points in the stream section at each sampling site. These samples
were slowly dried at about 60° C and were then composited and sieved through a
nest of six sieves. The sieved material was weighed, and the percent of the
total sample for each size fraction was calculated. Streambed-material samples
for chemical analysis were collected from pooled areas where greatest amounts
of fine-grained sediment were likely to be deposited. The fine sediments were
wet sieved through a number 230 stainless-steel sieve. The smaller than 63-
micron fraction that passed through the sieve was composited in glass jars,
refrigerated, and allowed to settle for 24 to 48 hours. Most of the water was
decanted, and the fine-grained sediments were shipped to the Geological Survey
Central Laboratory in Doraville, Ga., for analysis.

DATA

The water and streambed-material data from the 1982 and 1983 surveys are
listed in tables 1-26. The tables also include detection limits and units of
measurement. Streambed-material data from the 1980 survey are listed in ap-
pendix 1. EPA water-quality standards are listed in appendix 2, and select
organic compounds whose concentrations exceeded background concentrations in
Finley and Eagle Creeks in October and December 1982, and April 1983 are listed
in appendix 3.

-5-


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10.

ll.

12.
13.
14.
15.

16.

17.

18.
19.
20.
21.

22.

23.

24.
25.

26.

TABLES--Continued

Concentrations of organochlorine insecticides on streambed
materials (<63-micron fraction), Finley Creek and Eagle
Creek, October 26-27, 1982... ereccccecccccccccccccesscccesces

Concentrations of organophosphorus insecticides on streambed
materials (<63-micron fraction), Finley Creek and Eagle
Creek, October 26-27, 1982...ereecccccnccccccccccccccrsseeces

Concentrations of totally recoverable acid-extractable com-
pounds on streambed materials (<63-micron fraction),

Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 19B2...cceeceeee

Concentrations of totally recoverable base-neutral-extractable
compounds on streambed materials (<63-micron fraction),
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 1982.....+.-see-

Total concentrations of selected metals and nonmetals in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December 14, 1982..

Total concentrations of organochlorine insecticides
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December 14, 1982...++.eeeeeeee

Total concentrations of organophosphorus insecticides in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December 14, 1982.....s+eseeeeee

Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in water,

Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December 14, 1982....++.+eeeeee

Concentrations of totally recoverable acid-extractable com-
pounds in water, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December 14,
1982....

Concentrations of totally recoverable base-neutral-extractable
compounds in water, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December
14, 1982.. sce c cc ccc cece cere ene e ec ecesceeneseseecesceees

Total concentrations of selected metals and nonmetals in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13, 1983. ccccrcccccccceee

Total concentrations of organochlorine insecticides in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13, 1983.....006

Total concentrations of organophosphorus insecticides in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13, 1983. ccccccvcccccccee

Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in water,

Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13, 1983.....s+eeeeeeeeee

Concentrations of totally recoverable acid-extractable com-
pounds in water, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13,
1983. cccrccccccccccccccccccvevesccecsccesessssssseseesee

Concentrations of totally recoverable base-neutral-extractable
compounds in water, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13,
19B3. cw crccccccccccccccccccenccccccccccceceserssesenes

Field measurements and streambed-material-size analyses, Finley
Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 1982...+.ssececeesescee

Field measurements, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, December 14,
LOB2. cee cecccccccccccccccccccdeenseesesesresenscceecneecseees

Field measurements, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, April 13,
1983... ccc ccc creccecccccccee

-iv-

Page

17

18

19

20
23
24
25
26

28

29
32
33
34
35

37

38
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42

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CONTENTS

Abstract. .cesesseee
Introduction.
Approach...
Methods. eee
Datarsssecccsssseee
Selected references.
Appendix 1.
Appendix 2.
Appendix 3....

ILLUSTRATIONS

Page
Figure 1. Sampling sites in the Eagle Creek watershed, Indiana, 1980..... 2
2. Sampling sites in the Eagle Creek watershed, Indiana, 1982-83.. 4

TABLES

Page
Table 1. Total concentrations of selected metals and nonmetals in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 1982...sssseeeee va
2. Total concentrations of organochlorine insecticides in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 1982... oe 8
3. Total concentrations of organophosphorus insecticides in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 1982.......sseee 9
4. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in water,
Finley Creek and Eagle Creek, October 26-27, 1982........002. 10
5. Concentrations of totally recoverable acid-extractable
compounds in water, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek,
October 26-27, 1982... ccccccccccccccccccccccccccsscscsssccees 12
6. Concentrations of totally recoverable base-neutral-extractable
compounds in water, Finley Creek and Eagle Creek,
October 26-27, 1982... ceceecceccccccccccccccccccsccessssseees 13
7- Concentrations of selected metals and nonmetals on streambed
materials (<63-micron fraction), Finley Creek and Eagle
Creek, October 26-27, 1982..

see cccccrcceeerceesccecese 16

-iii-


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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

JAMES G. WATT, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Dallas L. Peck, Director

For additional information write to:

U.S. Geological Survey
6023 Guion Road, Suite 201
Indianapolis, Indiana 46254

Copies of this report
ean be purchased from:

Open-File Services Section
Western Distribution Branch
U.S. Geological Survey

Box 25425, Federal Center
Lakewood, Colorado 80225
(Telephone: [303] 234-5888)


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-45-


Appendix 1.--Water-quality survey of Eagle Creek and tributaries upstream from

Eagle Creek Reservoir, August 25-26, 1980--(continued)
G. GC/MS base-neutral scan of streambed material
(<63-micron fraction)

The following are results of a GC/MS base neutral scan of priority pollu-
tants on streambed materials (<63 micron) collected from Eagle Creek watershed
August 25-26, 1980. Methylene chloride was used as the extraction solvent.
The extract was concentrated to 1.0 ml, and approximately 4 microliters of the
concentrate was analyzed. No priority pollutants were identified; however,

. Several closely related compounds were identified and some were quantified.
detection limits are approximately 2.0 ug/kg.

Minimum
Site 1
Site 2
Site 3
Site 4
Site 5
Site 6
Site 7
Site 8
Site 9
Site 10
Site 11

One peak was identified as a phthalate; seven peaks were identified
as alcohols; and thirteen peaks were identified as straight-chain,
branched, and cyclic hydrocarbons.

Concentration of strobane (related to Toxaphene) was 98.1 ug/kg.
Five peaks were identified as hydrocarbons or complex alcohols.

One peak was identified as 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, and nine other
peaks were identified as acetaldehyde derivatives or complex
alcohols.

Traces of dimethyl and trimethyl phenanthrene were identified.
Concentration of strobane was 97.1 ug/kg.

Traces of nitrobenzene, 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, and acetaldehyde
derivatives were identified.

One peak was identified as an acetaldehyde derivative, one as a
fluorophenyl compound, and one as a benzenediol.

Nothing was detected.

Four peaks were identified as alcohols, and six were identified as
branched or straight-chain hydrocarbons.

Phenol was identified in trace concentrations. Seven other peaks
were identified as alcohols and ketones.

Three peaks were identified as alcohols, seven as straight-chain,
branched, and cyclic hydrocarbons, and one as a complex ester.

Trimethyloenzenes were identified in trace concentrations. Four
peaks were identified as hydrocarbons or complex organic acids.

-47-


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