UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

WASHINGTON D.C., 20460 

OFFICE OF 

CHEMICAL SAFETY AND 

POLLUTION PREVENTION 

PC Code: 129016 

DP Barcode: D411277 

Date: August 16,2013 

MEMORANDUM 

SUBJECT: Registration Review Drinking Water Assessment for Flumetsulam 

FROM: 

THRU: 

TO: 

James K. Wolf, Ph.D., Environmental Scientist Q,.Hn.M fC lJ~ Environmental Risk Branch III U . -- Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P) 

James A Hetrick, Ph.D., Senior Scientist 

Rosanna 

Dana 

Environmental 

S. Spatz., 

Louie-Juzwiak, 

Risk 

Branch 

Branch 

Chief RAP

III 

~ 

~~ ~ 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P) 

Felecia Fort, Ph.D., Branch Chief 

Mohsen Sahafeyan, Chemist 

Registration Action Branch 6 

Health and Effects Division (7509P) 

Katherine St. Clair, Chemical Review Manager 

Kevin Costello, Branch Chief 

Risk Management and Implementation Branch II 

Pesticide Reevaluation Division (7505P) 

In support of the registration review for flumetsulam, the Environmental Fate and Effects 

Division (EFED) has vrepared the preliminary drinking water assessment which incorporates 

current OPP guidance and includes new data that have been made available since the last 

assessment. 

This drinking water assessment for flumetsulam ':!Pdates previous assessments by incorporating 

the latest product label information, newly available environmental data, exposure models, and 

model scenarios. For the current assessment, the surface water EDWCs are 6.7 J.lg/L and 1.45 

1 http://www.epa.gov/oppefedl/modelslwater/models4.htm 
2

μg/L, for the 1-in-10 year daily peak and annual flumetsulam concentration, respectively. The 

30-year annual mean is 0.76 μg/L (Tables 1 and 7). Based on PRZM-GW modeling, the highest 

flumetsulam concentration is 19.8 μg/L for the daily peak, and 14.8 μg/L for the average 

concentration after breakthrough (Tables 1 and 8). 

Flumetsulam was detected in less than 1 percent of the ground and surface water samples 

collected in non-target monitoring studies. The maximum flumetsulam concentration in 

monitoring data was 1.1 μg/L in surface water and 0.05 μg/L in groundwater. 

EFED recommends (Table 1) using the maximum concentration from the 30-year groundwater 

simulation for human health risk assessment (i.e., 19.8 and 14.8 μg/L). EFED recognizes that 

there is uncertainty associated with the 30-year simulation results due to the assumption that the 

maximum rate is applied every year for the Central Sands Region of Wisconsin from 30 years of 

continuous use. These estimates represent potential exposure to private drinking water wells in a 

highly vulnerable pesticide use area. 

Table 1. Maximum Flumetsulam EDWCs for Corn in Surface Water and Groundwater 

Drinking Water Source 

(Model) 

1-in-10 yr 30 year Ave 30 -Year Simulation 

Acute Chronic Cancer Acute Chronic 

(μg/L) 

Surface Water (PRZM/EXAMS) 6.68 1.45 0.76 - - 

Groundwater 

(PRZM-GW) - - - 19.8 14.8 

Use Characterization 

Flumetsulam is registered for use to control broadleaf weeds in field corn, silage corn and 

soybean fields in the United States. Herbicide products containing flumetsulam are often 

formulated together with other herbicidal active ingredients. It is an active ingredient (a.i.) in 10 

registered herbicidal products (Table 2). Products containing flumetsulam are formulated as 

water-dispersible granules, wettable powders, or emulsifiable concentrates. Products containing 

flumetsulam may not be applied through chemigation. Broadstrike, NAS-280, NAS-281, and 

Surestart herbicides may not be applied aerially. 

Table 2. Pesticide Products Registered in the United States that Contain Flumetsulam 

EPA Reg. 

No. Product Name Formulationa Registered Crops 

Other AIs in 

Product Restrictions 

352-593 Accent Gold EC Corn 

Clopyralid, 

Nicosulfuron, and 

Rimsulfuron 

Make only application per 

season. 

352-612 Dupont Access Gold 

WDG WDG Corn 

Clopyralid, 

Nicosulfuron, and 

Rimsulfuron 

Do not apply more than 0.07 

lb flumetsulam per acre (A) 

per crop year. 

62719-224 Broadstrike WDG Corn and 

Soybean (None) 

Do not exceed 1 application 

per year. 

Do not aerially apply. 

62719-253 Hornet WP Corn Clopyralid Do not apply more than 0.07 
3

EPA Reg. 

No. Product Name Formulationa Registered Crops 

Other AIs in 

Product Restrictions 

lb flumetsulam per acre per 

crop year. 

"Do not apply aerially unless 

permitted by EPA approved 

supplemental labeling" 

62719-277 Python WDG WDG Corn and 

Soybean (none) 

Do not apply more than 0.07 

lb flumetsulam per acre per 

crop year. 

Do not apply aerially in NY. 

62719-278 NAF-280 WDG Corn Clopyralid 

Do not exceed 1 application 

per year. 

Do not aerially apply. 

62719-279 NAF-281 WP Corn Clopyralid 

Do not exceed 1 application 

per year. 

Do not aerially apply. 

62719-299 Frontrow WDG Soybean Cloransulam-methyl 

(co-packed) 

Do not apply more than 0.07 

lb flumetsulam per acre per 

crop year. 

Do not apply more than 0.012 

lb/A flumetsulam per crop 

growing season. 

Do not apply aerially in NY. 

62719-315 Hornet WDG WDG Corn Clopyralid 

potassium salt 

Do not apply more than 0.07 

lb flumetsulam per crop year. 

"Do not apply aerially unless 

permitted by EPA approved 

supplemental labeling" 

62719-570 Surestart EC Corn Acetochlor and 

Clopyralid 

Do not apply more than 

0.0525 lb/A of flumetsulam 

per growing season. 

Do not apply aerially a

 EC: emulsifiable concentrate, WDG: water dispersible granular (=dry flowable), WP: Wettable powder. 

Products containing flumetsulam are all applied as sprays to soil and/or emerged crops. They 

may be sprayed onto fields as preplant, pre-emergent applications, or postemergence applications 

(Table 3). Preplant and pre-emergent applications to soil may or may not be soil incorporated. 

Some products may also be sprayed onto dry bulk fertilizer, and the herbicide-impregnated 

fertilizer is then applied onto fields. For the currently registered uses, the maximum annual 

application rate for flumetsulam is 0.07 lb a.i./A. Some product labels allow only one 

applications per year or per crop season, whereas other product labels do not restrict the number 

of applications, but restrict the total amount of flumetsulam applied per year to 0.07 lb a.i./A. 

Two applications of flumetsulam may be made annually, with a minimum reapplication interval 

of 14 days. 
4

Table 3. Application Information for Registered Use Sites of Flumetsulam 

Application 

Timing Products1 

Max Rate 

per App. 

(lb/A) 

Max Rate 

per Year 

(lb/A) 

Max. No. 

Apps.

Ground/ 

Aerial 

Application 

Methods Restrictions 

Corn (Field)

Preplant or 

Preemergence 

352-593 

62719-224 

62719-277 

62719-278 

62719-279 

62719-315 

62719-570 

(Accent Gold, 

Broadstrike, 

Hornet, NAF, 

Python WDG, 

SureStart) 

0.0693 0.07 1 or NS Ground 

or aerial 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

No aerial 

application in 

NY 

Postemergence 

62719-253 

 62719-315 

(Hornet, 

Hornet WDG) 

0.0578 0.07 NS Ground 

or aerial 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

Aerial 

application 

requires 

approved 

supplemental 

label. 

352-593 

 352-612 

(Accent Gold, 

Dupont 

Accent Gold 

WDG) 

0.035 0.035 NS Ground 

or Aerial 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

Aerial 

application 

allowed in 

CO, IA, KS, 

MN, NE. OK, 

SD, and TX 

only. 

62719-224 

62719-570 

Broadstrike, 

SureStart 

0.06 0.07 1 Ground 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

Apply using 

ground 

equipment 

only 

Preplant, 

Preemergence, 

or 

Postemergence 

62719-278 

62719-279 

62719-570 

(NAF-280, 

NAF-281, 

SureStart 

0.0556 0.0695 1/Yr or 

NS Ground 

Impregnated 

dry bulk 

fertilizer 

62719-277 

(Python) 0.065 0.065 NS Ground 

Impregnated 

dry bulk 

fertilizer 

Corn (Silage) 

Preplant, 

Preemergence, 

or 

Postemergence 

62719-570 

(SureStart) 0.03 0.0525 NS Ground 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

62719-570 

(SureStart) 0.045 0.0525 NS Ground 

Impregnated 

dry bulk 

fertilizer 

Soybean 

Preplant or 

Preemergence 

62719-244 

62719-277 

62719-299 

(Broadstrike, 

Frontrow, 

Python WDG) 

0.0674 0.07 or NS 1/Yr or 

NS 

Ground 

or Aerial 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

No aerial 

application in 

NY 
5

Postemergence 

62719-299 

(Frontrow) 0.006 0.012 2 Ground 

or Aerial 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

Minimum 14-

day interval 

between 

applications 

62719-224 

(Broadstrike) 0.015 0.015 1 Ground 

Broadcast 

soil or foliar 

spray 

Apply using 

ground 

equipment 

only 

Preplant, 

Preemergence, 

or 

Postemergence 

62719-277 

(Python 

WDG) 

0.065 0.065 NS Ground 

Impregnated 

dry bulk 

fertilizer 

1 The maximum use rate given on labels of some products may be lower than the rate listed in this table. 

Previous Drinking Water Assessments 

The maximum EDWCs for flumetsulam from the previous drinking water assessment (USEPA, 

2004, D301361, J. Lin) in surface source drinking water (PRZM/EXAMS) for the 1-in-10 year 

daily peak and annual mean concentration were 2.03 μg/L and 0.59 μg/L, respectively, and the 

30-year annual mean concentration 0.34 μg/L. The 2004 assessment used the crop-specific PCAs 

for corn and soybeans, individually, rather than considering the corn/soybean rotation. 

The estimated total flumetsulam residue concentration in shallow groundwater using SCIGROW was 0.823 μg/L (Table 10). The difference in SCI-GROW estimates between this 

assessment (0.27 μg/L) and the previous assessment (0.823 μg/L) is that the previous assessment 

used the lowest Koc rather than a median Koc. 

Flumetsulam Chemistry, Environmental Fate and Transport Characterization

Flumetsulam is classified as moderately persistent to persistent, and mobile to highly mobile in 

the environment. The environmental fate database for flumetsulam is largely complete. 

Environmental fate studies show that flumetsulam is moderately persistent in soil (aerobic halflives on the order of weeks to months), more persistent under anaerobic aquatic conditions (halflife of about 6 months) and aerobic aquatic conditions (half-life > 1 year), and stable to both 

hydrolysis and photolysis. However, the persistence and mobility of flumetsulam appear to be 

influenced by pH and organic carbon content. Flumetsulam has a low vapor pressure and 

Henry’s Law constant, and its physical properties indicate a low potential for volatilization. The 

physical and chemical properties of flumetsulam and available fate data are summarized in 

Table 4. 

 
6

Table 4. Flumetsulam Physical/Chemical Properties 

PARAMETER VALUE(S) SOURCE (Study 

Acceptability 

Classification)a

COMMENTS 

Molecular Structure 

http://www.alanwood.net/pestici

des/flumetsulam.html 

Chemical Name (common) Flumetsulam 

CAS Number 98967-40-9 

Name CAS: 

N-(2,6-difluorophenylsulphamoyl)-5-methyl(1,2,4)-

Triazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine 

IUPAC: 

2′,6′-difluoro-5-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-2-

sulfonanilide 

http://www.alanwood.net/pestici

des/flumetsulam.html 

Chemical Class Triazolpyrimidine herbicide 

Sulfonanilide herbicide 

http://www.alanwood.net/pestici

des/flumetsulam.html 

Molecular Formula C12H9F2N5O2S - http://www.alanwood.net/pestici

des/flumetsulam.html 

Molecular Weight 325.3 41931731b 

Solubility 

in water (25 o

C) 

5650 mg/L @ pH 7.0 (25 °

C) 

 49.1 mg/L @ pH 2.5 (25 °

C) 

42512501b

, 41931731b 

Vapor Pressure (25oC) 2.8 x 10-15 mmHg (25 °C) 41931731b Extrapolated by registrant from 

100°C 

Henry’s Law Constant 

(25 oC) 

6.14e-15 atm-m3

/mol @25°C Calculated 

Hydrolysis Half-life @ pH7 

(25 o

C) 

Stable 41263229 (a) 

Aqueous Photolysis 

Half-life (pH 4) 

Stable 41931726, 41931727 (a) 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Halflife (ASM) (T1/2) 

93, 48, 47, 30, 23, 44, 88, 36,19, 

81,51,28, 44, 130, 13, 17, 20, 46, 

60, 59, 102 days 

[range 13 to 130 days; mean = 

51.0 days] 

41263230, 41931731, 

41931732, 41290403 (a) 

T1/2 indentified in the problem 

formulation 23, 60, 93, 102 days; 

mean = 69,5 days (MRID 

41263230). 

Anaerobic Aquatic Soil 

Metabolism 183 days 41931733 (a) 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism 

Half-life (days) 1762 [14C-pyrimidine ring] days

 1319 [14C-analine ring] days

43592203 (a) Studied reviewed but DER has 

not been completed. 

 
7

PARAMETER VALUE(S) SOURCE (Study 

Acceptability 

Classification)a

COMMENTS 

Soil Partition Coefficient (Kd) 

(mL/g) 

0.95, 0.46, 0.05, 0.09, 0.19, 0.19, 

0.56, 0.91, 0.52, 0.15, 0.73, 0.47, 

0.19, 0.48, 1.05, 0.19, 0.22, 0.14, 

0.51, 0.79, 0.89, 1.00,0.50 

41263231, 41290403, 

42512501 (a) 

Organic Carbon Partition 

Coefficient (Koc) (mL/goc) 

42, 24, 21, 5, 31, 18, 32, 71, 13, 

47, 24, 10, 21, 74, 13, 10, 17, 

10, 38, 39, 24, 15 

41263231, 41290403, 

41931734, 42512501, 

43592202 

Log Octanol/water partition 

coefficient (Kow )(25◦

C) 

Log Kow = 0.21 @ pH 7 42512501b

 

Terrestrial Field Dissipation 

Half-life 

1.5 to 3 months 41931735 (a) 

Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) 

in fish 

No data - 

pKa (acid dissociation constant) 4.6 41931731b 

a

 Study classification (a) = acceptable study that fulfills guideline requirement; (s) = supplemental study b

 Reported in submitted Study Report. 

Environmental Fate Assessment 

When the previous drinking water assessment (USEPA, 2004) and the problem formulation was 

completed (USEPA, 2008), only a subset [four soils: mean = 69.5 days] of the available [22 

soils: mean = 51.0 days] aerobic soil metabolism (ASM) data was identified (MRID 41263230). 

The data from the other studies (Table 4) have been considered for this assessment. The 

degradation half-lives of flumetsulam appear to be somewhat related to soil pH and soil organic 

carbon (OC); e.g., longer half-life (mean = 57 days; pH<7) at lower pH (mean 36 days; pH>7) 

and shorter half-lives (mean = 43 days; OC<2% and mean = 59 days; OC>2%) in soils with 

lower organic carbon content (MRID 41290403). The average ASM half-life for the four soils in 

the study (MRID 4126230) was 69.5 days with soil pH values ranging from 5.9 to 7.1 and OC 

contents of 0.6 to 4.2%. The range of half-lives from the 22 soils however were essentially the 

same regardless of range of pH [23 to 93 days; pH<7 and 13 to 102 days; pH>7] or OC [13 to 

130 days; OC<2% and 17 to 102 days; OC>2%] content. 

While flumetsulam is more soluble in neutral waters than in acidic water, it is very resistant to 

abiotic reactions (stable to hydrolysis, as well as photolysis in water and on soil). The major 

route of dissipation for flumetsulam is believed to be metabolism in aerobic soils, where 

metabolism half lives ranged from 13 days in sandy loam to 130 days in loam soil. Metabolites 

were less than 10% of applied radioactivity and were not identified. Metabolism in the aquatic 

environment is expected to be much slower, with a reported anaerobic aquatic half-life of 183 

days and an estimated aerobic aquatic half-life greater than a year. A previously unreviewed 

aerobic aquatic metabolism study (MRID 43592203) was reviewed and is considered in this 

assessment. The calculated pseudo-first order half-lives were 1762 and 1319 days for the 14C-
8

pyrimidine and 14C-aniline labels, respectively. Under anaerobic aquatic conditions flumetsulam 

is reduced to flumetsulam hydrate. Oxidation will cause a transformation back to flumetsulam. 

The soil retention of flumetsulam (MRID 41931734), as indicated by the adsorption/desorption 

studies, does not seem to be strongly dependent on any of the major properties of the tested soils, 

except for possibly soil pH, as would be expected from a chemical with a pKa value of 4.6. The 

measured Kds tended to be greater (average 0.69 mL/g) at pH values ≤7.1 then at pH values ≥7.4 

(0.23 mL/g). Sorption was also weakly correlated with soil organic carbon content (p=0.055).The 

Kd values range from 0.05 to 1.05 mL/g and Koc values range from 5 to 74 mL/goc which 

categorizes flumetsulam as mobile to highly mobile2. The low vapor pressure and Henry’s Law 

constant of flumetsulam suggest that it will not volatilize appreciably from soil or surface water. 

Flumetsulam degrades to CO2 with no significant accumulation of intermediate degradates, 

except for reduced flumetsulam hydrate [N-(2,6 difluorophenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-5-hydroxy-5-

methyl-(1,2,4)-triazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine-2-sulfonamide], formed in the anaerobic aquatic study. 

Flumetsulam hydrate accounted for 52% of the total applied radiation at day 360, and degraded 

with a half life of about 180 days. However, this degradate was found to accumulate less (max of 

<8% of total applied radiation) and degrade more quickly (t1⁄2 about 2 days) in a weakly anaerobic 

test system that became progressively more anaerobic with time. Flumetsulam degraded much 

slower in aerobic aquatic systems compared to anaerobic aquatic conditions. No degradation 

products were identified. Calculated pseudo-first order half-lives were 1762 and 1319 days for 

the 14C-pyrimidine and 14C-analine labels, respectively. 

Small scale prospective groundwater monitoring studies were conducted in corn and soybean 

growing areas in Indiana (MRID 44451301) and North Carolina (MRID 44451302). The study 

sites would be considered as hydrologically vulnerable to due water table depth and soil/vadose 

zone material. Both studies were conducted at sites where water table depths of ranged between 

10 and 17 feet below ground surface (bgs) at the Indiana (1436 days) site and 8 to 18 feet bgs at 

the North Carolina (1420 days) site. Average water depths for the two studies were 

approximately 13 feet below land surface. Irrigation was applied during the studies. Soil and 

vadose zone textures tended to range from sandy loam to sand. Soil was sampled and analyzed as 

was water samples collected from suction lysimeters (within treated area) and groundwater 

monitoring wells (up-gradient and down-gradient wells outside treated area). Soil samples are 

limited for assessing the mobility of flumetsulam in soil due to relatively high detection limits 

and sampling increments. At the Indiana site, trace levels of flumetsulam were detected in soil 

pore water. Three of the four down gradient monitoring wells had detections of <0.05 to 0.10 

μg/L (18 to 47 months after treatment (MAT)). At the NC site, flumetsulam moved to the 3-foot 

depth along with the bromide tracer. Maximum concentrations were detected at 6-,9-, and 12-ft 

soil water depth were about 0.26 ppb (3-MAT), 0.28 ppb (3-MAT), and 0.13 ppb (4-MAT), 

respectively. Flumetsulam was less than the LOD (<0.025 ppb) in soil water below 3-ft by 17-

MAT. Flumetsulam was detected in groundwater at the NC site on 0-DAT (maximum 

concentration 0.114 μg/L) in two wells. No other detections were noted. It was thought the 

detection were due to either field or laboratory contamination. The results and the sampling 

intervals used in the study may be inadequate for fully describing the maximum possible 

leaching potential of flumetsulam. 

 

2

 EFED Standardized Soil Mobility Classification Guidance; April 21, 2006 
9

Since flumetsulam does not rapidly metabolize when in contact with soils and does not bind 

strongly to soil surfaces, there is a potential for runoff from application sites to adjacent surface 

waters. Persistence in water indicates that flumetsulam may persist long enough to present some 

concern to surface water and ground water resources. Volatilization is not expected to be a major 

route of dissipation from either water or soil for flumetsulam. 

Drinking Water Modeling 

EFED exposure models were used to estimate the drinking water exposure concentrations for use 

in the dietary risk assessment of flumetsulam. The estimated drinking water concentrations 

(EDWC) for flumetsulam in surface water (Table 7) were estimated using PRZM/EXAMS. 

EDWCs for flumetsulam in groundwater are estimated with the Tier I/II PRZM-GW (Table 8) 

and Tier I SCI-GROW (Table 10) models. 

The input parameters were selected from the physical/chemical properties and environmental 

fate data submitted by the registrant to support registration of flumetsulam. Input parameters 

were generally (several deviations are noted below) selected in accordance with US EPA-OPP 

EFED water model parameter selection guidelines, Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in 

Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of Pesticides, Version 2.1, October 22, 20093. 

Detailed information about the models, selection of input parameters and scenarios can be 

obtained from, http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/index.htm. 

 

Flumetsulam Modeling Input Parameters 

The input parameters used in this DWA are selected from the environmental fate data submitted 

by the registrant in generally in accordance with US EPA-OPP EFED water model parameter 

guidance (Table 5). However, some uncertainties exist in choosing input parameters. As noted 

above aerobic soil metabolism rates (e.g., half-life) and sorption (e.g., Kd) are influenced, at least 

in part, by pH and soil organic content. While a relationship between pH and OC may be 

established, the half-life and sorption will be influenced by the specific soil properties included 

in the modeling scenarios. Because of the influence of pH and OC on the half-life and sorption 

values, the lowest sorption coefficients and longest half-lives did not occurred, the average Koc

was used following input selection guidance (USEPA, 2009). The aerobic soil metabolism halflife value used was the 90 percent upper bound estimated of the mean (98.9 days) using the 

subset of the data, the 90 percent upper bound estimate of all soils is 59.4 day). The numeric 

average for the aerobic aquatic half-life (1540 days) was used for modeling rather than the 90 

percent upper bound of the mean (2222 days) as recommended in EFED model input guidance, 

because considerable uncertainty exists for estimating half-lives which are 3 to 4 times longer 

than the study duration. Aerobic aquatic metabolism half-life values this long were observed to 

have little influence on the PRZM/EXAMS estimated flumetsulam concentrations. 

 

 

3

 USEPA, 2009. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters for Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of Pesticide. 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm
10

Table 5. PRZM/EXAMSa, PRZM-GWb, and SCI-GROWc Input Parameters for Total Flumetsulam 

Model Parameter Value Reference (MRIDs) 

Molecular Weight (g/moles)a 325.3 41931734 

Henry’s Law Constant (atm-m3/mol)a 2.8 x 10-15 Calculated 

Vapor Pressure (torr)a 2.8 x 10-15 (25°C) 41931735 

Solubility (mg/L)a 5650 @ pH7 (25°C) 41931734 

Koc (L/mg-OC)

Mean =27.3a,b mL/goc

Median = 22.5c

 mL/goc

Range = 5 to 74 mL/goc 

41263231, 41290403, 41931734, 

42512501, 43592202 

Aqueous Photolysis Half-life 

[t1⁄2](days)a stable 41931726, 41931727,

Hydrolysis [t1⁄2] @ pH 7 (days)a,b stable 41263229

Aerobic Soil Half-life [t1⁄2] (days)a,b,c 98.9a T1/2 indentified in the problem formulation 23, 

60, 93, 102 days (MRID 4126230).

Aerobic Aquatic Half-life [t1⁄2] (days)a

 

Mean = 1540 

90% upper bound = 

2222.3 

43592203c

Anaerobic Aquatic Half-life [t1⁄2](days)a 549 (3 x 183 days) 41931733 [t1⁄2 =183 days highly anaerobic 

conditions] 

Surface Water Modeling and Results

Standard EFED PRZM scenarios4

 for Kansas corn (KS corn) and Mississippi corn (MS corn) and 

soybeans (MS soybean) were used as these were the scenarios which resulted in the highest 

EDWCs in the previous drinking water assessment. Three application methods were considered 

preemergence spray (Chemical Application Method (CAM) = 1), postemergence (CAM=2), and 

impregnated fertilizer (CAM = 1). Pesticide application management inputs for PRZM are 

summarized in Table 6 and spray drift parameters. Preemergence application dates were selected 

to be prior to the plant emergence (scenario dependent) and postemergence date was 30 days 

after the preemergence application date. The application rates, reapplication intervals, and date 

first application are also given (Table 7). Ground (G) or aerial (A) spray methods were assumed 

for both the preemergence and postemergence applications. 

Table 6. Pesticide application management PRZM/EXAMS inputs used in aquatic exposure 

modeling for Flumetsulam. 

PRZM/EXAMS Input Parameter Input Value and Unit 

Chemical Application Method (CAM)a Aerial and Ground Applications

CAM = 1 soil applied/broadcast 

CAM = 2, linear foliar based on crop canopy 

Application Efficiencyb Aerial Applications = 0.95 

Ground Applications = 0.99 

Impregnated Fertilizer = 1.00 

Spray Drift Fractionb Aerial Applications = 0.16 

 

4 http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/
11

PRZM/EXAMS Input Parameter Input Value and Unit 

Ground Applications = 0.064 

Impregnated Fertilizer = 0.0 a CAM also required for PRZM-GW 

b USEPA, 2009 Model Input Guidance 

Given the persistence of flumetsulam observed in the aquatic environment and the uncertainty of 

extrapolating half-lives beyond the length of the study, the mean aerobic aquatic half-life value 

was used instead the upper bound value on the mean. The EDWCs using the mean (1540 days) 

or upper bound (2222 days) aerobic aquatic half-life were virtually equivalent (e.g., to the second 

decimal place). The EDWCs for flumetsulam in surface water are 6.68 μg/L and 1.45 μg/L, the 

1-in-10 year daily peak and annual mean concentration, respectively, and 0.76 μg/L the 30-year 

annual mean concentration (Table 7). The flumetsulam concentrations vary depending upon the 

application dates (preemergence versus postemergence) and the method of application (e.g., 

ground or aerial spray) and scenario. The 1-in -10 year peak EDWCs ranged from 2.64 to 6.68 

μg/L, the 1-in-10 year average concentrations ranged from 0.53 to 1.45 μg/L, and the 30 year 

average concentration ranged from 0.21 to 0.76 μg/L. The percent cropped area (PCA) is 0.87 

for corn/soybean rotation (Echeverria et al., 2012). Representative model outputs are included in 

Appendix 1.

Table 7. PRZM/EXAMS Estimated Surface Water EDWCs for Flumetsulam (with PCAa,5) 

Scenario Date of 

Application 

#apps/rate 1-in-10 year 

30-year ave peak 10 yr average 

(application method)b (mn-day)c (lb a.i./A) [μg/L]

KS Corn (A-preemergence) 05-01 0.07 5.22 1.45 0.76 

KS Corn (G-preemergence) 05-01 0.07 5.19 1.44 0.71 

MS Corn (A-preemergence) 03-28 0.07 6.65 1.15 0.45 

MS Corn (G-preemergence) 03-28 0.07 6.68 1.16 0.43 

MS Corn (foliar A-postemergence) 04-28 0.07 3.04 0.55 0.27 

MS Corn (foliar G-postemergence) 04-28 0.07 2.98 0.53 0.24 

MS Soybean (A- preemergence) 03-31 0.07 2.97 0.64 0.31 

MS Soybean (G- preemergence) 03-31 0.07 2.84 0.61 0.27 

MS Soybean (foliar A-postemergence) 04-31 0.07 2.64 0.57 0.21 

MS Soybean (foliar G-postemergence) 04-31 0.07 2.76 0.60 0.22 a

 PCA (Percent Crop Area) = 0.87 corn-soybean combination 

b A is aerial spray and G is ground spray 

c

 Application date Month-Day

 

 

5

 Echeverria et al., 2012. Guidance on Development Use of Percent Cropped Area and Percent Turf Area 

Adjustment Factors in Drinking Water Exposure Assessments:2012 Update 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/pca_adjustment_dwa.html
12

Groundwater Modeling and Results 

Tier I and II groundwater EDWCs for flumetsulam for the current uses were derived with 

PRZM-GW (Pesticide Root Zone Model for Groundwater, version 1.0, August 31, 2012), using 

the GW-GUI (Graphical User Interface, version 1.0, August 31, 2012). PRZM-GW output values 

represent pesticide concentrations in a vulnerable groundwater supply that is located directly 

beneath a rural agricultural field. Estimates from PRZM-GW are presented in Table 8 and 

Appendix 2. 

Currently, the environmental fate input parameters are limited to aerobic soil metabolism halflife, hydrolysis (if applicable), and sorption (Koc) in PRZM-GW (Table 4). Since flumetsulam is 

stable to hydrolysis the only means of degradation is by aerobic soil metabolism. PRZM-GW 

assumes that the aerobic soil metabolism rate to decreases linearly to 1 meter; below this depth it 

is assumed that no further degradation (unless there is additional data are available). Additional 

information on PRZM-GW can be obtained at 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/#przm_gw

The highest daily flumetsulam concentration in shallow groundwater estimated by PRZM-GW is 

19.8 μg/L. PRZM-GW estimates for peak concentration ranged from 4.9 to 19.8 μg/L. The postbreakthrough averages ranged from 4.2 to 14.8 μg/L. The average breakthrough time ranged 

from 440 days to 1435 days (1.2 to 3.9 years). 

Table 8. PRZM-GW Estimates of Flumetsulam in Groundwater EECs [μg/L] 

Groundwater 

Scenario 

#apps:rate:date 

(#:lb a.i./A:mn-day) 

Highest 

daily value 

Post 

Breakthrough 

Average 

Avg Breakthrough 

Time 

(days) 

Delmarva 1:0.07:04-05 Preemergence 14.9 10.4 440

FL Central Ridge 1:0.07:01-01 Preemergence 15.2 10.0 459 

FL Potato 1:0.07:02-10 Preemergence 5.1 4.1 818 

GA Coastal Plain 1:0.07:04-25 Preemergence 4.9 4.2 1435 

NC Coastal Plain 1:0.07:05-15 Preemergence 10.1 7.5 1274 

WI Central Sands 1:0.07:05-01 Preemergence 19.7 14.6 875 

WI Central Sands 1:0.07:06-01 Postemergence 19.8 14.8 875 

As part of the implementation of the new PRZM-GW model, for one year EFED is continuing to 

present estimated ground water concentrations based on the older model, SCI-GROW. Input 

parameters for SCI-GROW modeling are shown in Table 9 and Appendix 3. 

Table 9. SCI-GROW Input Parameters for Flumetsulam 

Model Parameter Value 

Median Koc (L/mg-OC) 22.5 

Aerobic Soil Half-life (days) 69.5
13

The SCI-GROW estimate of shallow groundwater concentrations of flumetsulam are shown in 

Table 10. Due to the simple assumption used in SCI-GROW, no additional fate data, and the 

same maximum application rate (0.07 lb a.i./A), the estimated groundwater concentrations are 

the same as the previous drinking water assessment, using the lowest Koc value (5 mL/goc). Using 

the median Koc (22.5 mL/goc), the SCI-GROW estimate would be less (Table 10). 

Table 10. SCI-GROW Estimated Exposure Concentrations of Flumetsulam in Drinking 

Water Drawn from Groundwater and Current Assessment 

Maximum Application Rate 

(lb a.i./A) Flumetsulam Concentration (μg/L) 

0.07 0.27 

Available Monitoring Data 

Small-Scale Prospective Ground Water Monitoring 

The registrant previously submitted a small-scale prospective ground-water monitoring study 

(MRIDs 44451301 and 44451302) to evaluate the leaching potential of flumetsulam use on corn. 

The study was designed to monitor one field site in the projected highest use are of the 

Midwestern United States (Indiana) and one site in the more hydrogeologically vulnerable 

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain (North Carolina) region of the United States. A detailed review 

of this prospective ground water monitoring study was conducted by EFED (EFED, 1998, DP 

241890). 

At the Indiana site, results suggest that flumetsulam did leach into the groundwater with a 

maximum observed concentration of 0.09 μg/L. However, this observed maximum value is not 

conclusive as some of the findings indicate problems with the analytical results and the sampling 

intervals. The reported LOQ and LOD were 0.058 to 0.119 and 0.025 to 0.050 μg/L. Also, there 

were no monitoring wells installed in the treated area; therefore, there is uncertainty that the 

reported residue values represent the possible maximum leaching value underneath the treated 

area. At the North Carolina site, results indicate that flumetsulam did not leach into the 

groundwater 11-14 feet below the soil surface. 

Other Monitoring Studies 

Surface and ground water data from available pesticide monitoring programs were reviewed to 

provide additional context concerning the potential presence of flumetsulam in ambient water 

resources. These water monitoring programs do not target sample collection to peak use 

locations or application times for particular pesticides, nor do they target sample collection to 

high precipitation events (i.e., high-runoff events) or areas highly vulnerable to groundwater 

contamination. Additionally, the sampling frequency in these monitoring programs was not 

designed to capture peak concentrations. Therefore, the monitoring data reported by these 

programs may not represent the highest concentrations in ambient surface water, and are 

considered qualitative information for the purposes of this ecological risk assessment. The 

groundwater monitoring studies also were not selected based upon flumetsulam use. 
14

U.S. Geological Survey surface water monitoring data are available for flumetsulam (see 

http://co.water.usgs.gov/midconherb/html/sulfonylurea.html). In 1998, 214 water samples were 

collected during post-application runoff events at 76 surface-water and 25 ground-water sites. 

Flumetsulam was detected in 65% of the stream samples, making it the second most frequently 

detected pesticide (out of a total of 16). Flumetsulam (method reporting limit MRL = 0.010 

μg/L) was also detected in 57% of the reservoir samples and in 12% of well-water samples (3 out 

of 25). All flumetsulam detections were below 1 μg/L. It should be noted that is no indication 

that these monitoring data were intended for the high use area of this herbicide or that the 

sampling scheme was designed to capture the peak run off concentration during the high use 

periods. Therefore, the data are presented here for informational purposes only, and were not 

used quantitatively in the assessment.

USGS-EPA Pilot Reservoir Monitoring Program – A pilot reservoir monitoring project was 

initiated by the USEPA’s Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division 

(EFED/OPP), USEPA’s Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW/OPP), and 

USGS National Water Quality Assessment (USGS/NAWQA) to assess pesticide concentrations 

in raw and finished drinking water (Blomquist et al. 20016). Reservoirs were sampled because 

they are important sources of drinking water and because they store runoff water and pesticide 

loadings within their watersheds. 

In this study, twelve water-supply reservoirs and Community Water Systems (CWSs) were 

selected based on vulnerability for pesticide contamination. Small watersheds with high pesticide 

use and high runoff potential were given the highest priority in the selection process. Other 

factors considered were representation across pesticide use areas, integration with ongoing 

monitoring efforts, and feasibility of monitoring. These sites were not specifically targeted to 

flumetsulam use areas. Flumetsulam was detected in about 3 percent of the raw-intake water 

samples with a maximum concentration of 0.09 μg/L. 

Table 11. Flumetsulam detections in USGS EPA Pilot Reservoir Monitoring Program. 

Water Source # Detections/#Samples Detection Frequency (%) Maximum Concentration (μg/L) 

Raw Water-Intake 9/312 2.9 0.088 

Finished Water-Tap 4/225 1.8 0.087 

California Surface Water Monitoring Program Data - There were no flumetsulam detections 

(with LOD of 0.011 to 0.0866 μg/L) in the California surface water monitoring program’s 

database for the period October 2001 to July 2010(current to April 2013). California Surface 

Water Monitoring Program data are available at 

http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/emon/surfwtr/surfdata.htm. 

Groundwater - There were no detections (with LOD 0.05 μg/L) of flumetsulam in 745 well 

sampled (36 counties) in California (CDPR, 2013). 

 

6

 Blomquist, J.D., J.M. Denis, J.L. Cowles, J.A. Hetrick, R.D. Jones, N.B. Birchfield. 2001. Pesticides in Selected Water-Supply

Reservoirs and Finished Drinking Water, 1999-2000; Summary of Results from a Pilot Monitoring Program. Open-File Report 

01-456. U.S. Geological Survey. Baltimore, MD. 
15

USGS National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program Data – Flumetsulam is included 

as analyte in the USGS NAWQA monitoring program. NAWQA program data are available at 

http://infotrek.er.usgs.gov/apex/f?p=NAWQA:HOME:0. Maximum detection in surface water 

was 1.1 μg/L and in groundwater 0.051 μg/L with a MDL of 0.011 to 0.0866 μg/L. 

Table 12 Summary Groundwater and Surface Water Monitoring Data for Flumetsulam in the 

NAWQA database groundwater and surface water. 

Water Type Number of Samples Number of Detections Range of Detections (μg/L) 

Groundwater 2246 17 0.0031 to 0.0509 

Surface Water 2769 62 0.0034 to 1.0828 

USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) Data - The PDP drinking water monitoring project 

provides non-targeted pesticide occurrence data in raw, finished (treated/tap), and groundwater 

for selected community water systems in the United States. The flumetsulam water monitoring 

data from 2003 to 2011 PDP are summarized in Table 13. Detections tended to be in the part per 

trillion (ppt or ng/L) or low ppb (μg/L) levels. PDP data are available at 

http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/pdp. 

Table 13. Flumetsulam detections in the USDA PDP Database. 

Water Source Year # of samples # Samples 

with detects 

% of sample 

with detect 

Range of Values 

detected 

(ppt) 

Range of 

LODb

(ppt) 

Drinking water 2003 321 9 2.8 6.0-200 

Finished 2004 233 - - - 6.0-196 

Unfinished 2004 233 1 0.4 24^ 6.0-196 

Drinking water 2005 662 - - 10^

Finished 2005 230 4 1.7 10^ 6-129 

Unfinished 2005 231 7 3.0 10^ 6-129 

Finished 2006 365 - - - 6-129 

Unfinished 2006 367 - - - 6-129 

Finished 2007 368 - - - 6.0-128 

Unfinished 2007 362 - - - 6.0-128 

Groundwater 2010 14 - - - 6.0^

Finished 2010 284 1 0.4 33^ 6.0-20 

Unfinished 2010 282 1 0.4 33^ 6.0-20 

Groundwater residence 2011 232 1 0.4 15.5^ 8.6-20 

Groundwater school/daycare 2011 372 - - - 8.6-20 

Finished 2011 118 2 1.7 23-25 6.0^

Unfinished 2011 120 2 1.7 10^ 6.0^

^ 1 distinct detected concentration or LOD was reported for the pair. 

b

 LOD limit of detection 

 
16

Citations

CDPR. 2013. Sampling for Pesticide Residues in California Well Water. 2012 Update. California 

Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation. 262 pp. 

Sacramento, CA. 

EFED, 2009. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate and 

Transport of Pesticides. October 22, 2009. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office 

of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Arlington, VA 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm

Baris, R. 2012. Baris, R., Barrett, M., Bohaty, R.F.H., Echeverria, M, Villanueva, P., Wolf, J., 

and Young, D. 2012. Guidance for Using PRZM-GW in Drinking Water Exposure 

Assessment. October 15, 2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of 

Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Arlington, VA. 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/przm_gw/wqtt_przm_gw_guidance.htm

Echeverria, 2012. Marietta Echeverria, M., Jones, R.D., Peck, C., Ruhman, M., Shelby,A., 

Thawley, S., and Thurman, N. Development and Use of Percent Cropped Area and 

Percent Turf Area Adjustment Factors in Drinking Water Exposure Assessments: 2012 

Update. March 16, 2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide 

Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division. Arlington, VA 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/pca_adjustment_dwa.html

USEPA. 2004. Lin, J. and Syslo, S. Drinking Water Assessment for Flumetsulam for Uses on 

Field Corn and Soybeans. DP Barcode: 301361. May 19, 2004. Environmental Fate and 

Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

USEPA, 2009. Shanaman, L. and M. Frankenberry. Memorandum: Flumetsulam Registration 

Review: Ecological Risk Assessment Problem Formulation. DB Barcode D349617, June 

3, 2008. 

 
17

APPENDIX 1 

PRZM/EXAMS OUTPUT 

stored as MScornA.out 

Chemical: Flumetsulam 

PRZM environment: MScornSTD.txt modified Tueday, 29 May 2007 at 13:57:40 

EXAMS environment: ir298.exv modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:14:08 

Metfile: w03940.dvf modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:14:14 

Water segment concentrations (ppb) 

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

1961 8.757 8.512 7.62 5.774 4.756 1.524 

1962 2.145 2.077 1.868 1.465 1.218 0.4135 

1963 0.6332 0.613 0.5403 0.4479 0.392 0.1372 

1964 6.813 6.596 5.857 4.424 3.639 1.168 

1965 7.731 7.557 6.651 5.024 4.136 1.339 

1966 0.4884 0.473 0.4145 0.3825 0.3261 0.1228 

1967 1.295 1.254 1.148 0.9977 0.8385 0.2925 

1968 4.142 4.021 3.634 2.789 2.3 0.746 

1969 0.7578 0.7337 0.6707 0.5436 0.4669 0.164 

1970 0.5231 0.5064 0.4491 0.384 0.3232 0.1073 

1971 1.981 1.918 1.705 1.483 1.251 0.4115 

1972 3.979 3.853 3.392 2.575 2.121 0.682 

1973 0.9642 0.9335 0.8624 0.6923 0.5864 0.1999 

1974 1.89 1.83 1.608 1.214 1.006 0.3418 

1975 1.1 1.065 0.9784 0.7952 0.6637 0.2194 

1976 5.704 5.522 4.829 3.648 3.004 0.9635 

1977 1.79 1.758 1.571 1.213 1.007 0.335 

1978 0.989 0.9575 0.8861 0.6805 0.5821 0.1987 

1979 4.079 3.949 3.586 2.753 2.273 0.7368 

1980 7.794 7.547 6.8 5.265 4.35 1.4 

1981 2.353 2.287 2.087 1.589 1.31 0.436 

1982 0.7772 0.7524 0.6665 0.5782 0.4978 0.1704 

1983 5.342 5.198 4.593 3.501 2.917 0.949 

1984 1.903 1.843 1.683 1.292 1.066 0.3582 

1985 1.703 1.66 1.548 1.188 0.9803 0.3205 

1986 0.5255 0.5087 0.4508 0.3862 0.3254 0.1098 

1987 0.7583 0.7341 0.6639 0.5153 0.427 0.1385 

1988 4.329 4.228 3.806 2.887 2.377 0.7622 

1989 3.83 3.708 3.416 2.655 2.196 0.7154 

1990 0.473 0.4581 0.4065 0.3208 0.2669 0.09423 

Sorted results 

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

0.032258064516129 8.757 8.512 7.62 5.774 4.756 1.524 

0.0645161290322581 7.794 7.557 6.8 5.265 4.35 1.4 

0.0967741935483871 7.731 7.547 6.651 5.024 4.136 1.339 
18

0.129032258064516 6.813 6.596 5.857 4.424 3.639 1.168 

0.161290322580645 5.704 5.522 4.829 3.648 3.004 0.9635 

0.193548387096774 5.342 5.198 4.593 3.501 2.917 0.949 

0.225806451612903 4.329 4.228 3.806 2.887 2.377 0.7622 

0.258064516129032 4.142 4.021 3.634 2.789 2.3 0.746 

0.290322580645161 4.079 3.949 3.586 2.753 2.273 0.7368 

0.32258064516129 3.979 3.853 3.416 2.655 2.196 0.7154 

0.354838709677419 3.83 3.708 3.392 2.575 2.121 0.682 

0.387096774193548 2.353 2.287 2.087 1.589 1.31 0.436 

0.419354838709677 2.145 2.077 1.868 1.483 1.251 0.4135 

0.451612903225806 1.981 1.918 1.705 1.465 1.218 0.4115 

0.483870967741936 1.903 1.843 1.683 1.292 1.066 0.3582 

0.516129032258065 1.89 1.83 1.608 1.214 1.007 0.3418 

0.548387096774194 1.79 1.758 1.571 1.213 1.006 0.335 

0.580645161290323 1.703 1.66 1.548 1.188 0.9803 0.3205 

0.612903225806452 1.295 1.254 1.148 0.9977 0.8385 0.2925 

0.645161290322581 1.1 1.065 0.9784 0.7952 0.6637 0.2194 

0.67741935483871 0.989 0.9575 0.8861 0.6923 0.5864 0.1999 

0.709677419354839 0.9642 0.9335 0.8624 0.6805 0.5821 0.1987 

0.741935483870968 0.7772 0.7524 0.6707 0.5782 0.4978 0.1704 

0.774193548387097 0.7583 0.7341 0.6665 0.5436 0.4669 0.164 

0.806451612903226 0.7578 0.7337 0.6639 0.5153 0.427 0.1385 

0.838709677419355 0.6332 0.613 0.5403 0.4479 0.392 0.1372 

0.870967741935484 0.5255 0.5087 0.4508 0.3862 0.3261 0.1228 

0.903225806451613 0.5231 0.5064 0.4491 0.384 0.3254 0.1098 

0.935483870967742 0.4884 0.473 0.4145 0.3825 0.3232 0.1073 

0.967741935483871 0.473 0.4581 0.4065 0.3208 0.2669 0.09423 

0.1 7.6392 7.4519 6.5716 4.964 4.0863 1.3219 

 Average of yearly averages: 0.518571 

Inputs generated by pe5.pl - Novemeber 2006 

Data used for this run: 

Output File: MScornA 

Metfile: w03940.dvf 

PRZM scenario: MScornSTD.txt 

EXAMS environment file: ir298.exv 

Chemical Name: Flumetsulam 

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments 

Molecular weight mwt 325.3 g/mol 

Henry's Law Const. henry atm-m^3/mol 

Vapor Pressure vapr 0.8e-15 torr 

Solubility sol 5650 mg/L 

Kd Kd mg/L 

Koc Koc 27.3 mg/L 
19

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1540 days Halfife 

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 549 days Halfife 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 98.9 days Halfife 

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life 

Method: CAM 1 integer See PRZM manual 

Incorporation Depth: DEPI cm 

Application Rate: TAPP 0.078 kg/ha 

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.95 fraction 

Spray Drift DRFT 0.16 fraction of application rate applied to pond 

Application Date Date 28-03 dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm 

Record 17: FILTRA 

 IPSCND 1 

 UPTKF 

Record 18: PLVKRT 

 PLDKRT 

 FEXTRC 0.5 

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Reservoir 

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total(average of entire run) 

stored as MScornG.out 

Chemical: Flumetsulam 

PRZM environment: MScornSTD.txt modified Tueday, 29 May 2007 at 13:57:40 

EXAMS environment: ir298.exv modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:14:08 

Metfile: w03940.dvf modified Tueday, 26 August 2008 at 06:14:14 

Water segment concentrations (ppb) 

Year Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

1961 8.842 8.592 7.692 5.83 4.802 1.539 

1962 1.978 1.915 1.729 1.348 1.123 0.3812 

1963 0.455 0.4404 0.3894 0.2999 0.2545 0.09336 

1964 6.846 6.626 5.885 4.446 3.657 1.168 

1965 7.772 7.595 6.686 5.051 4.158 1.345 

1966 0.3006 0.2912 0.2586 0.2112 0.1856 0.07813 

1967 1.15 1.113 1.012 0.8978 0.7569 0.2551 

1968 4.071 3.953 3.565 2.739 2.26 0.7278 

1969 0.5778 0.5594 0.5074 0.3917 0.3325 0.1212 

1970 0.3116 0.3016 0.2703 0.213 0.1828 0.06216 

1971 1.788 1.731 1.531 1.361 1.152 0.3789 

1972 3.853 3.731 3.286 2.496 2.057 0.6612 

1973 0.7553 0.7313 0.6873 0.5429 0.4581 0.1585 

1974 1.74 1.684 1.481 1.119 0.9204 0.3064 

1975 0.9045 0.8757 0.775 0.6443 0.5382 0.1789 

1976 5.659 5.478 4.791 3.62 2.981 0.9543 

1977 1.59 1.565 1.404 1.077 0.8952 0.2994 
20

1978 0.7971 0.7716 0.7255 0.56 0.4623 0.1574 

1979 3.985 3.858 3.512 2.696 2.227 0.7181 

1980 7.834 7.585 6.842 5.302 4.381 1.409 

1981 2.177 2.116 1.93 1.471 1.213 0.4046 

1982 0.6081 0.5887 0.5208 0.4221 0.3651 0.1279 

1983 5.313 5.171 4.567 3.472 2.895 0.939 

1984 1.713 1.658 1.525 1.174 0.9692 0.3236 

1985 1.518 1.469 1.373 1.057 0.8724 0.2844 

1986 0.3178 0.3077 0.2702 0.2151 0.185 0.06473 

1987 0.5196 0.503 0.4472 0.3502 0.2909 0.09463 

1988 4.24 4.135 3.726 2.827 2.328 0.7446 

1989 3.702 3.585 3.315 2.582 2.137 0.6959 

1990 0.1994 0.1931 0.175 0.1469 0.124 0.04846 

Sorted results 

Prob. Peak 96 hr 21 Day 60 Day 90 Day Yearly 

0.032258064516129 8.842 8.592 7.692 5.83 4.802 1.539 

0.0645161290322581 7.834 7.595 6.842 5.302 4.381 1.409 

0.0967741935483871 7.772 7.585 6.686 5.051 4.158 1.345 

0.129032258064516 6.846 6.626 5.885 4.446 3.657 1.168 

0.161290322580645 5.659 5.478 4.791 3.62 2.981 0.9543 

0.193548387096774 5.313 5.171 4.567 3.472 2.895 0.939 

0.225806451612903 4.24 4.135 3.726 2.827 2.328 0.7446 

0.258064516129032 4.071 3.953 3.565 2.739 2.26 0.7278 

0.290322580645161 3.985 3.858 3.512 2.696 2.227 0.7181 

0.32258064516129 3.853 3.731 3.315 2.582 2.137 0.6959 

0.354838709677419 3.702 3.585 3.286 2.496 2.057 0.6612 

0.387096774193548 2.177 2.116 1.93 1.471 1.213 0.4046 

0.419354838709677 1.978 1.915 1.729 1.361 1.152 0.3812 

0.451612903225806 1.788 1.731 1.531 1.348 1.123 0.3789 

0.483870967741936 1.74 1.684 1.525 1.174 0.9692 0.3236 

0.516129032258065 1.713 1.658 1.481 1.119 0.9204 0.3064 

0.548387096774194 1.59 1.565 1.404 1.077 0.8952 0.2994 

0.580645161290323 1.518 1.469 1.373 1.057 0.8724 0.2844 

0.612903225806452 1.15 1.113 1.012 0.8978 0.7569 0.2551 

0.645161290322581 0.9045 0.8757 0.775 0.6443 0.5382 0.1789 

0.67741935483871 0.7971 0.7716 0.7255 0.56 0.4623 0.1585 

0.709677419354839 0.7553 0.7313 0.6873 0.5429 0.4581 0.1574 

0.741935483870968 0.6081 0.5887 0.5208 0.4221 0.3651 0.1279 

0.774193548387097 0.5778 0.5594 0.5074 0.3917 0.3325 0.1212 

0.806451612903226 0.5196 0.503 0.4472 0.3502 0.2909 0.09463 

0.838709677419355 0.455 0.4404 0.3894 0.2999 0.2545 0.09336 

0.870967741935484 0.3178 0.3077 0.2703 0.2151 0.1856 0.07813 

0.903225806451613 0.3116 0.3016 0.2702 0.213 0.185 0.06473 

0.935483870967742 0.3006 0.2912 0.2586 0.2112 0.1828 0.06216 

0.967741935483871 0.1994 0.1931 0.175 0.1469 0.124 0.04846 
21

0.1 7.6794 7.4891 6.6059 4.9905 4.1079 1.3273 

 Average of yearly averages: 0.490695666666667 

Inputs generated by pe5.pl - Novemeber 2006 

Data used for this run: 

Output File: MScornG 

Metfile: w03940.dvf 

PRZM scenario: MScornSTD.txt 

EXAMS environment file: ir298.exv 

Chemical Name: Flumetsulam 

Description Variable Name Value Units Comments 

Molecular weight mwt 325.3 g/mol 

Henry's Law Const. henry atm-m^3/mol 

Vapor Pressure vapr 0.8e-15 torr 

Solubility sol 5650 mg/L 

Kd Kd mg/L 

Koc Koc 27.3 mg/L 

Photolysis half-life kdp 0 days Half-life 

Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacw 1540 days Halfife 

Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism kbacs 549 days Halfife 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism asm 98.9 days Halfife 

Hydrolysis: pH 7 0 days Half-life 

Method: CAM 1 integer See PRZM manual 

Incorporation Depth: DEPI cm 

Application Rate: TAPP 0.078 kg/ha 

Application Efficiency: APPEFF 0.99 fraction 

Spray Drift DRFT 0.064 fraction of application rate applied to pond 

Application Date Date 28-03 dd/mm or dd/mmm or dd-mm or dd-mmm 

Record 17: FILTRA 

 IPSCND 1 

 UPTKF 

Record 18: PLVKRT 

 PLDKRT 

 FEXTRC 0.5 

Flag for Index Res. Run IR Reservoir 

Flag for runoff calc. RUNOFF total none, monthly or total(average of entire run) 

 
22

APPENDIX 2 

PRZM-GW Outputs 

Wisconsin Corn Scenario Rate: 0.07 lb a.i./acre 

-Preemergence: application date 05-01 (mn-day) 

Flumetsulam Highest Daily Concentration: 19.7 μg/L 

PostBreak Through Average: 14.6 μg/L 

Average Breakthrough Time: 875 days 

Wisconsin Corn Scenario Rate: 0.07 lb a.i./acre 

-Preemergence: application date 06-01 (mn-day) 

Flumetsulam Highest Daily Concentration: 19.8 μg/L 

PostBreak Through Average: 14.8 μg/L 

Average Breakthrough Time: 875 days 
23

PRZM-GW Input Files 

Preemergence 

8/15/2013 9:23:57 AM; Enter chemical name or descriptive information.; Wisconsin Corn - WI 

Central Sands 

User Interface Version: PRZM-GW (Version 1.01) 

***Record 3 

 0.76 0.36 0 18 1 1 

***Record 6 

 0 

***Record 8 

 1 

***Record 9 

 1 0.25 90 100 1 10 10 10 0 100 

***Record 10 

 30 

***Record 11 

 010561 210761 201061 1 

 010562 210762 201062 1 

 010563 210763 201063 1 

 010564 210764 201064 1 

 010565 210765 201065 1 

 010566 210766 201066 1 

 010567 210767 201067 1 

 010568 210768 201068 1 

 010569 210769 201069 1 

 010570 210770 201070 1 

 010571 210771 201071 1 

 010572 210772 201072 1 

 010573 210773 201073 1 

 010574 210774 201074 1 

 010575 210775 201075 1 

 010576 210776 201076 1 

 010577 210777 201077 1 

 010578 210778 201078 1 

 010579 210779 201079 1 

 010580 210780 201080 1 

 010581 210781 201081 1 

 010582 210782 201082 1 

 010583 210783 201083 1 

 010584 210784 201084 1 

 010585 210785 201085 1 

 010586 210786 201086 1 

 010587 210787 201087 1 

 010588 210788 201088 1 

 010589 210789 201089 1 

 010590 210790 201090 1 
24

***Record 12 

Place Holder 

***Record 13 

 30 1 0 0 

***Record 15 

Place Holder 

***Record 16 

 1 561 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 562 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 563 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 564 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 565 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 566 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 567 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 568 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 569 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 570 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 571 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 572 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 573 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 574 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 575 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 576 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 577 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 578 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 579 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 580 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 581 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 582 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 583 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 584 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 585 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 586 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 587 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 588 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 589 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 590 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

***Record 17 

 0 1 0 

***Record 19 

Place Holder 

***Record 20 

 1000 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 

***Record 26 

 0 0 0 

***Record 27 
25

 3 0.1 0.7 4.0 

***Record 31 

 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.97 10.0 

***Record 32 

 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 

***Record 32A 

 2.00 25.0 

***Record 33 

 8 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 1 

 1 10 1.63 0.088 0 0 0 

 0.00701 0.00701 0 

 1 0.088 0.034 0.46 0.12558 

 5.6 95 2.3 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 2 

 2 10 1.63 0.088 0 0 0 

 0.00662 0.00662 0 

 5 0.088 0.034 0.46 0.12558 

 5.6 95 2.3 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 3 

 3 20 1.68 0.079 0 0 0 

 0.00545 0.00545 0 

 20 0.079 0.025 0.14 0.03822 

 5.6 96 2.5 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 4 

 4 20 1.68 0.079 0 0 0 

 0.00389 0.00389 0 

 20 0.079 0.025 0.09 0.02457 

 5.6 96 2.5 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 5 

 5 20 1.59 0.068 0 0 0 

 0.00234 0.00234 0 

 20 0.068 0.016 0.09 0.02457 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 6 

 6 20 1.59 0.068 0 0 0 

 0.0007790.000779 0 

 20 0.068 0.016 0.08 0.02184 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 7 

 7 800 1.59 0.068 0 0 0 

 0 0 0 

 50 0.068 0.016 0.07 0.01911 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 8 

 8 100 1.59 0.396 0 0 0 
26

 0 0 0 

 50 0.396 0.001 0.07 0.01911 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 40 

 0 

*** Record 42 

 YEAR 10 YEAR 10 YEAR 10 0 

*** Record 45 

 3 YEAR 

*** Record 46 

 DCON1 TAVE 33 34 1.0E3 

 INFL TCUM 33 33 0.0107 

 IRRG TSER 

Postemergence 

8/15/2013 9:15:11 AM; Enter chemical name or descriptive information.; Wisconsin Corn - WI 

Central Sands 

User Interface Version: PRZM-GW (Version 1.01) 

***Record 3 

 0.76 0.36 0 18 1 1 

***Record 6 

 0 

***Record 8 

 1 

***Record 9 

 1 0.25 90 100 1 10 10 10 0 100 

***Record 10 

 30 

***Record 11 

 010561 210761 201061 1 

 010562 210762 201062 1 

 010563 210763 201063 1 

 010564 210764 201064 1 

 010565 210765 201065 1 

 010566 210766 201066 1 

 010567 210767 201067 1 

 010568 210768 201068 1 

 010569 210769 201069 1 

 010570 210770 201070 1 

 010571 210771 201071 1 

 010572 210772 201072 1 

 010573 210773 201073 1 

 010574 210774 201074 1 

 010575 210775 201075 1 

 010576 210776 201076 1 

 010577 210777 201077 1 
27

 010578 210778 201078 1 

 010579 210779 201079 1 

 010580 210780 201080 1 

 010581 210781 201081 1 

 010582 210782 201082 1 

 010583 210783 201083 1 

 010584 210784 201084 1 

 010585 210785 201085 1 

 010586 210786 201086 1 

 010587 210787 201087 1 

 010588 210788 201088 1 

 010589 210789 201089 1 

 010590 210790 201090 1 

***Record 12 

Place Holder 

***Record 13 

 30 1 0 0 

***Record 15 

Place Holder 

***Record 16 

 1 661 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 662 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 663 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 664 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 665 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 666 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 667 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 668 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 669 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 670 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 671 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 672 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 673 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 674 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 675 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 676 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 677 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 678 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 679 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 680 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 681 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 682 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 683 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 684 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 685 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 686 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 
28

 1 687 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 688 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 689 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

 1 690 0 1 4 0.078 1 0 

***Record 17 

 0 1 0 

***Record 19 

Place Holder 

***Record 20 

 1000 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 0 

***Record 26 

 0 0 0 

***Record 27 

 3 0.1 0.7 4.0 

***Record 31 

 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.97 10.0 

***Record 32 

 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.6 

***Record 32A 

 2.00 25.0 

***Record 33 

 8 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 1 

 1 10 1.63 0.088 0 0 0 

 0.00701 0.00701 0 

 1 0.088 0.034 0.46 0.12558 

 5.6 95 2.3 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 2 

 2 10 1.63 0.088 0 0 0 

 0.00662 0.00662 0 

 5 0.088 0.034 0.46 0.12558 

 5.6 95 2.3 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 3 

 3 20 1.68 0.079 0 0 0 

 0.00545 0.00545 0 

 20 0.079 0.025 0.14 0.03822 

 5.6 96 2.5 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 4 

 4 20 1.68 0.079 0 0 0 

 0.00389 0.00389 0 

 20 0.079 0.025 0.09 0.02457 

 5.6 96 2.5 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 5 

 5 20 1.59 0.068 0 0 0 

 0.00234 0.00234 0 

 20 0.068 0.016 0.09 0.02457 
29

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 6 

 6 20 1.59 0.068 0 0 0 

 0.0007790.000779 0 

 20 0.068 0.016 0.08 0.02184 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 7 

 7 800 1.59 0.068 0 0 0 

 0 0 0 

 50 0.068 0.016 0.07 0.01911 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 34,36,37 Horizon 8 

 8 100 1.59 0.396 0 0 0 

 0 0 0 

 50 0.396 0.001 0.07 0.01911 

 5.6 97 1.7 0 0 

*** Record 40 

 0 

*** Record 42 

 YEAR 10 YEAR 10 YEAR 10 0 

*** Record 45 

 3 YEAR 

*** Record 46 

 DCON1 TAVE 33 34 1.0E3 

 INFL TCUM 33 33 0.0107 

 IRRG TSER 

 
30

APPENDIX 3 

 SCIGROW 

 VERSION 2.3 

 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS DIVISION 

 OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS 

 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

 SCREENING MODEL 

 FOR AQUATIC PESTICIDE EXPOSURE 

 

 SciGrow version 2.3 

 chemical:Flumetsulam 

 time is 8/ 1/2013 8:42:20 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 Application Number of Total Use Koc Soil Aerobic 

 rate (lb/acre) applications (lb/acre/yr) (ml/g) metabolism (days) 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 0.070 1.0 0.070 5.00E+00 69.5 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 groundwater screening cond (ppb) = 8.23E-01 

 ************************************************************************ 

 

 SciGrow version 2.3 

 chemical:Flumetsulam 

 time is 8/ 1/2013 8:42:41 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 Application Number of Total Use Koc Soil Aerobic 

 rate (lb/acre) applications (lb/acre/yr) (ml/g) metabolism (days) 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 0.070 1.0 0.070 2.73E+01 69.5 

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 

 groundwater screening cond (ppb) = 2.26E-01 

 ************************************************************************