Appendix A 

Guidance for Use of The 

Resource Management Plan 

A - 1
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

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Appendix A - Guidance for Use of the RMP 

Appendix A - Guidance for Use of the Resource 

Management Plan 

This section provides guidance on how the resource management plan will be implemented, evaluated, and 

changed by the district. 

Requirement for Further Environmental Analysis 

The BLM makes many types of decisions. It is important to distinguish between land use plan decisions and 

implementation decisions because: (1) the administrative remedies and the timing of those remedies differ; 

(2) the NEPA analysis necessary to support implementation decisions is generally more site specific than 

the analysis necessary to support land use plan decisions; (3) the authority to make these types of decisions 

varies; and (4) the scope and effect of each type of decisions would be considered during the compliance and 

consultation proceedings required under various environmental laws. 

• 	 Land use plan decisions consist of desired outcomes (goals, standards, objectives), allowable uses 

(land use allocations, levels of use, restrictions on uses), and management direction necessary to 

achieve the outcomes. 

• 	 Implementation decisions are actions to implement land use plans. These types of decisions are 

based on site-specific planning and NEPA analyses. Examples of implementation decisions include: 

offering a specific tract of timber for sale, applying a vegetation treatment, offering a specific oil 

or gas lease for sale, application for a permit to drill (APDs), selling an individual grazing lease or 

processing a specific permit application, designating specific roads and trails as open or closed to 

motorized travel, or completing a specific land exchange. 

This resource management plan only provides direction for the management of natural resources on BLMadministered lands. This plan does not authorize the implementation of any specific project-level actions. 

Decisions on which projects, including specific on-the-ground locations and timing of a project, will be 

made subsequent to the adoption of this Resource Management Plan. Decisions on specific projects will be 

made by BLM employees delegated to make those decisions after compliance with National Environmental 

Policy Act and required consultation has been completed. 

Plan Evaluation 

Evaluation is the process of reviewing the land use plan to determine whether plan decisions are being 

implemented as expected, and whether the associated NEPA analyses are still valid. Based on this 

evaluation, a determination is made as to whether a plan amendment or revision is warranted. Land use 

plans are evaluated to determine if: 

• 	 Decisions remain relevant to current issues. 

• Decisions are effective in achieving (or making progress toward achieving) desired objectives. 

• Any decisions need to be revised. 

• Any decisions need to be dropped from further consideration. 

• Any areas require new decisions. 

The plan will be formally evaluated every 5 years, or as necessitated by changed circumstances or significant 

new information. These evaluations will focus on issues resulting from monitoring or new information. 

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Salem District ROD and RMP 

The evaluation will also review major assumptions regarding the level of management activities used in the 

analysis of effects for the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Revisions of the Western Oregon 

BLM Districts. Much of the data needed for evaluating these assumptions related to anticipated levels of 

activity will be collected through program reporting associated with the RMP monitoring plan. 

Unscheduled plan evaluations could be conducted to address certain unanticipated events or new 

information that calls into question the underlying analysis and decisions of the plan. These unscheduled 

plan evaluations may examine a single or relatively narrow aspect of the resource management plan. 

Plan Maintenance 

Land use plan decisions can be maintained to reflect minor changes in data. Maintenance is limited to 

further refining, documenting, or clarifying a previously approved decision. Plan maintenance will not 

expand the scope of resource uses or restrictions or change the terms, conditions, and decisions of the 

approved plan. Plan maintenance may be used to adjust the annual sustained yield capacity based on 

updated operations inventory data. 

Plan Amendments 

New information, updated analyses, or new resource use or protection proposals may require amending or 

revising land use plans and updating implementation decisions. Re-examining existing plan decisions, or 

the analysis in the FEIS for the Revision of the Resource Management Plans for the Western Oregon BLM 

Districts, will be appropriate if new information or circumstance has come to light that could significantly 

alter the underlying conclusions of the FEIS regarding environmental consequences or the ability to achieve 

management objectives. 

Plan amendments change one or more of the terms, conditions, or decisions of an approved land use plan. 

Plan amendments are most often prompted by the need to: 

• 	 Consider a proposal or action that does not conform to the plan. 

• 	 Implement new or revised policy that changes land use plan decisions, such as an approved 

conservation agreement between the BLM and the USFWS. 

• 	 Respond to new, intensified, or changed uses on public land. 

• 	 Consider significant new information from resource assessments, plan evaluations, monitoring, or 

scientific studies. 

Plan amendments will follow BLM planning regulations and can be accompanied by either an 
 

environmental assessment or environmental impact statement. 
 

Plan Revisions 

Resource management plan revisions involve preparation of a new plan to replace an existing one. Resource 

management plan revisions will be necessary if monitoring and evaluation findings, new data, new or 

revised policy, or changes in circumstances indicate that decisions for an entire plan or a major portion of 

the plan would no longer serve as a useful guide for resource management. Plan revisions are accomplished 

through the BLM planning regulations and are accompanied by an environmental impact statement. 

A – 4
 

Appendix A - Guidance for Use of the RMP 

Valid Existing Rights 

Considering the intermingled nature of the O&C lands in the planning area, an immense number of rightsof-way, leases, corridors, and other established legal rights have been granted over the years in establishing 

an effective cooperative management framework among a variety of owners. Perhaps the most extensive and 

unique rights are the reciprocal rights-of-way agreements established with dozens of adjacent landowners 

to provide for the logical, effective, and efficient development of access on the intermingled lands. Mining 

claims, water rights, and county roads are other examples. When implementing resource management plans, 

it is recognized there are some instances when actions that may occur on public lands are subject to these 

valid existing rights. In those cases, authorization for implementing an action may be subject to approval by 

the holders of valid existing rights and may not be discretionary to the BLM. 

Management of Newly Acquired Lands 

Lands may come under BLM administration through exchange, donation, purchase, revocation of 

withdrawals to other federal agencies, or relinquishment of Recreation and Public Purpose leases. 

Discretionary acquisitions (such as exchanges) will be guided by the Lands Acquisition Criteria, based on 

resource values of high public interest. (Note: See Appendix F – Lands for the Lands Acquisition Criteria.) 

Newly acquired or administered lands or interests in lands will be managed for their highest potential or 

for the purposes for which they are acquired. For example, lands acquired within the boundary of a “special 

management area” with Congressional or resource management plan allocations/direction will be managed 

in conformance with management objectives and guidelines for that area. Lands acquired outside of 

designated special management areas will be managed in the same manner as comparable or adjacent BLMadministered lands. In western Oregon, this implies forest management activities, including timber harvest, 

management of the mineral estate, standard operating procedures, and pre-committed mitigation measures. 

If lands with unique or fragile resource values are acquired outside of special management areas, it may be 

appropriate to protect those values until the next plan revision. Lands acquired adjacent to or within existing 

or proposed withdrawals identified in this plan that possess similar critical resource values will be proposed 

for withdrawal. Newly acquired lands, regardless of status, will be subject to non-discretionary access rights 

provided for under the terms and conditions of most reciprocal right-of-way agreements and permits. 

In accordance with Section 205 (e) of FLPMA (P.L. 99-632), lands acquired by the BLM in exchange for 

O&C or Coos Bay Wagon Road (CBWR) lands will have the same status and be administered in accordance 

with the same provisions of law applicable to those lands disposed of; and those newly acquired lands will 

be designated as O&C or CBWR lands, as appropriate, and managed under the sustained yield principles 

as prescribed in the Act of August 28, 1937 and other laws applicable to the O&C or CBWR lands. 

Additionally, lands acquired using proceeds generated from the disposal of O&C or CBWR lands under the 

authority of the Federal Land Transaction Facilitation Act (Public Law 106-248) will also take on the same 

status as the lands from which the funds were generated (O&C or CBWR) and will likewise be managed in 

accordance with the Act of August 28, 1937 and other applicable laws. 

Lands acquired by the BLM that take on the status of either O&C or CBWR will require classification in 

accordance with the Act of June 9, 1916 as to power-site, timberlands, or agricultural lands. Lands classified 

as timberland or agriculture will be open to exploration, location, entry and disposition under the general 

mining laws in accordance with the Act of April 8, 1948. Lands acquired by the BLM under Section 205 or 

206 of FLPMA take on the status of “acquired lands,” and therefore will not be available for location, lease, or 

sale until the land is formally opened to such entry. 

Land acquisitions resulting in net adjustments in the commercial forestland base may be made without 

adjusting the allowable sale quantity or amending the resource management plan, unless the cumulative 

effects of all changes indicate that the decadal allowable sale quantity for any sustained yield unit should be 

modified by more than 10 percent of the allowable sale quantity. 

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Salem District ROD and RMP 

A – 6
 

Appendix B
 


Monitoring 

B - 1
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

B – 2
 

Appendix B - Monitoring 

Monitoring 

Monitoring Plan for the Salem District Resource Management Plan 

The monitoring plan for the Salem District Resource Management Plan is carefully designed to avoid 

prohibitive costs and effectively answer monitoring questions and reporting levels of activities. It is 

not necessary or desirable to monitor every activity and management action or objective of a resource 

management plan. 

Monitoring for the resource management plan will examine if activities are in accordance with management 

direction (implementation monitoring), if management objectives are being met or are likely to be met 

(effectiveness monitoring), and if management objectives and management actions are based on correct 

assumptions (validation monitoring). Most monitoring will be designed to provide information as to 

whether activities are in accordance with management direction. 

Some management objectives and management directions in the Salem District Resource Management Plan 

are not measurable or quantifiable, or do not have a standard or threshold of acceptability, and therefore will 

not lend themselves to being addressed through monitoring questions which are almost always dependent 

on a quantifiable basis of measurement. The level of activity for certain management directions that do not 

have standards or thresholds of acceptability will be monitored in the form of a program reporting item. 

In some cases, where monitoring indicates very high compliance with the plan, the frequency or interval of 

monitoring will subsequently be adjusted for cost and time efficiency. 

Sampling or evaluation of a subset of actions will be employed to avoid unnecessary detail and unacceptable 

costs. Projects to be monitored will be selected on the basis of those that will yield a greater amount of 

information or be more beneficial. For example, a random sample may result in monitoring of a relatively 

small straightforward project that will yield limited information, whereas a more sophisticated or complex 

project might be available for monitoring that will yield more information or be more effective. Sampling 

will be done at the level of the entire administrative unit to which the resource management applies (e.g., 

Salem District). 

The monitoring questions will be evaluated at each monitoring interval to ascertain if the questions, 

reporting, methods, sample size, or intervals need to be changed. Such changes to the monitoring plan will 

be accomplished through plan maintenance. 

Monitoring results will be reported annually in a Monitoring Report and published as part of the 

Annual Program Summary. The Monitoring Report will report, track, and assess the progress of plan 

implementation; state the findings and conclusions made through monitoring; and serve as a report 

to managers and the public. Monitoring reports will also include any discussions and analysis of noncompliance and recommendations for corrective action. 

The use of this monitoring plan will provide a basis for consistent and coordinated monitoring, and 

allow Salem District information to be compiled and considered at the scale of the entire western 

Oregon planning area. 

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Salem District ROD and RMP 

Other Monitoring 

The monitoring plan for the Salem District Resource Management Plan is designed to focus specifically on 

monitoring the resource management plan itself and is not intended as an overarching plan that addresses 

all ongoing monitoring and research efforts. This monitoring plan does not attempt to address science 

questions or issues of a regional or interagency scale. There are many ongoing regional, interagency, and 

research (science-based) efforts in which the BLM participates that address these broader issues. Although 

these other efforts in which the BLM participates often have important implications for BLM-administered 

lands and resources in western Oregon, they will be addressed externally from this monitoring plan. 

Plan Evaluations 

Plan evaluations will occur at 5-year intervals. In addition to the monitoring results, many of the underlying 

assumptions regarding levels of activities and anticipated environmental consequences will be examined 

at the time of the 5-year plan evaluation to determine if the plan objectives are being met or are likely to 

be met. The evaluation will also assess whether changed circumstances or new information have created 

a situation in which the expected impacts or environmental consequences of the plan are significantly 

different than those anticipated in the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Revision of the 

Resource Management Plans of the Western Oregon Bureau of Land Management Districts (published 

in October 2008). The plan evaluation will make a finding of whether or not a plan amendment or plan 

revision is warranted. 

B – 4
 

Appendix B - Monitoring 

Adaptive Management 

Adaptive management is not a stand-alone program or process. Adaptive management for the Salem 

District Resource Management Plan will be integrated into NEPA and land use planning processes. 

See Figure B-1 (Land use planning, monitoring, and adaptive management). Identified outcomes for the 

resource management plan are described in the plan’s management objectives. Resource management plan 

monitoring will determine if the objectives are being met or are likely to be met. 

Figure B-1. Land Use Planning, Monitoring, And Adaptive Management 

B – 5

Continue or 

Adapt* 

New 

i 

New 

Revise/Amend Plan 

Supplement Analysis 

Revise/Amend Plan 

Supplement Analysis 

Continue or 

Adapt* 

Revise/Amend Plan 

Define RMP Management 

Goals 

Develop RMP LUAs/Direction 

Develop assumptions 

Describe relationships 

Predict Environmental 

Consequences 

Make Decision (Select an 

alternative) 

Implement Actions 

Test Areas of Uncertainty 

(Effectiveness or 

Validation Monitoring) 

Monitor Actions 

(Implementation/Effectiveness) 

*When monitoring shows the plan is being implemented as written, continue to implement. Where management direction specifically 

describes the conditions where adaptation is allowable without supplementing, revising, or amending the plan, then adapt the actions. 

Additionally, the monitoring plan should consider the areas of uncertainty and the sensitivity of assumptions and relationships. 
Salem District ROD and RMP 

In addition to monitoring results, new information or changed circumstances will be evaluated as to 

whether changes in resource management plan decisions or changes in supporting NEPA analyses are 

warranted. Adaptive management tools and procedures that will be used to make changes in the plan 

in response to monitoring information, new information, or changed circumstances include: plan 

maintenance, plan evaluations, plan amendments and plan revisions. In addition to these planning 

instruments, NEPA documentation may be necessary. The NEPA procedures relevant to adaptive 

management will include the use of categorical exclusions, determination of NEPA adequacy reviews, 

environmental assessments, and environmental impact statements. Unscheduled plan evaluations can be 

conducted to address certain unanticipated events or new information that could call into question the 

underlying analysis and decisions of the plan. 

In some instances, management direction provides for a range of activities or resource uses. In these cases, 

levels of activities or resource uses will vary within the range prescribed by the management action without 

the use of planning steps or NEPA analyses. The level of activities will be adapted within the range given by 

management action, depending on variation in resource needs or organizational capability. 

In addition to the constraints or latitude provided by management direction, the ability to adapt or change 

management without the use of planning steps or NEPA analyses will be restricted by how much of a 

departure would be from analytical assumptions in the environmental impact statement. This is because 

the conclusions regarding environmental consequences are derived from analytical assumptions. Analytical 

assumptions include such things as levels or methods of activities, number of acres treated, and miles of 

roads maintained. 

If, as a result of the need for adaptive management changes, implementation of the resource management 

plan would so alter the methods or levels of activities to the degree that the environmental consequences 

might be substantively different than those anticipated in the environmental impact statement, then formal 

planning steps and NEPA procedures will be required. The determination as to when formal planning steps 

and NEPA procedures will be required will be made through the plan evaluation process. Plan evaluations 

could include an overall resource management plan evaluation such as occurs at five-year intervals or 

a narrowly focused evaluation of a specific aspect of the resource management plan. Plan evaluations 

will be scheduled at 5-year intervals. Unscheduled plan evaluations can be conducted to address certain 

unanticipated events or new information, such as a very large wildfire. 

Adaptive management will also be applied by acting on information found through the monitoring 

questions. Adaptive management associated with monitoring will include corrective actions precipitated by 

findings of non-compliance. Corrective action precipitated by monitoring can range from simple changes in 

administrative procedures, refinements of the plan through plan maintenance, or more substantive changes 

through plan amendments. 

B – 6
 

Appendix B - Monitoring 

Monitoring Questions 

Monitoring of certain questions will not take place in the early years of implementation, because projects 

would not yet have been completed and, therefore, would not be ready for monitoring. Although incomplete 

projects may be informally examined by managers to assess progress towards implementing management 

actions and achieving objectives, the evaluation of incomplete projects will not be part of formal plan 

monitoring. Not all programs or resources have monitoring questions. 

Late-Successional Management Area 

M1. 	 Monitoring Question: Has the level of northern spotted owl suitable habitat for nesting, roosting, or 

foraging and marbled murrelet nesting habitat in the Late-Successional Management Areas (LSMAs) 

been maintained or increased? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report acres of management activities and natural disturbance that have 

reduced the level of habitat in the Late-Successional Management Areas. Report acres of thinning 

harvest and other silvicultural treatments designed to promote development of habitat in the LateSuccessional Management Areas. 

Monitoring Interval: Five years. 

M2. 	 Monitoring Question: Are snags and coarse woody debris retained during thinning harvest in the 

Late-Successional Management Areas in accordance with the resource management plan? 

Monitoring Requirement: At least one completed thinning project in a Late-Successional 

Management Area. Projects must have been thinned at least five years prior to monitoring. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 

compliance. 

M3. 	 Monitoring Question: Is timber salvaged after stand-replacing disturbance to recover economic 

value in the Late-Successional Management Areas? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100% of stand-replacing disturbances over 10 acres. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

M4. 	 Monitoring Question: Are snags and coarse woody debris retained during salvage in LateSuccessional Management Areas in accordance with the resource management plan? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100% of natural disturbance events. The entire disturbed area will not 

necessarily need to be evaluated. A sample or subset of the disturbed area may be evaluated. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

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Salem District ROD and RMP 

Riparian Management Area 

Water Quality: Surrogates for water quality will be evaluated (e.g., shade – Riparian Management Area 

width). In addition, water quality will be monitored through Water Quality Management Plans. 

Although monitoring through Water Quality Management Plans will apply to only those stream 

miles listed as 303(d) waters, these streams are the among the higher priority waters to be monitored. 

M5. 	 Monitoring Question: Is the width of the Riparian Management Areas established adjacent to 

regeneration timber harvest areas in accordance with the resource management plan? 

Monitoring Requirement: All streams within at least one completed timber sale. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

M6. 	 Monitoring Question: When thinning treatments are applied in Riparian Management Areas along 

perennial and intermittent fish-bearing streams, is a minimum of 50% canopy closure retained? 

Are thinning treatments excluded within 60 feet on either side of the edge of the stream channel as 

measured from the ordinary high water line? 

Monitoring Requirement: All streams treated within at least one completed thinning timber sale. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

M7. 	 Monitoring Question: Are thinning treatments excluded within 35 feet on either side of the edge of 

the stream channel as measured from the ordinary high water line of intermittent non-fish bearing 

streams? 

Monitoring Requirement: Up to 0.25 mile of stream within thinning projects completed within the 

past year will be evaluated. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

M8. 	 Monitoring Question: Were Best Management Practices that were identified as applicable 

(as indicated through NEPA decision record or contract stipulations) applied during project 

implementation? 

Monitoring Requirement: At least three projects with identified Best Management Practices will be 

evaluated. Projects from any land use allocation may be selected for evaluation. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

Note: Monitoring questions M9, M10, and M11 do not apply to the Salem District. 

M9: 	 Monitoring Question: For streams with ESA-listed or anadromous fish species, is livestock restricted 

from riparian areas until 30 days following the emergence of salmonids from spawning beds? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100% of streams with ESA-listed or anadromous fish species within 

grazing allotments. 

B – 8
 
Appendix B - Monitoring 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

M10. Monitoring Question: Has the amount of streams in proper functioning condition been maintained 

or increased? 

Monitoring Requirement and Monitoring Interval: Monitoring and reporting will be through the 

use of the statewide report, Table 1 from USDI TR-1737-9 1993 (or similar), of lotic and lentic water 

bodies in properly functioning; functioning at risk with trend up, down or not apparent; and not 

properly functioning. (Note: Table 1 is available online, with instructions, at http://www.blm.gov/ 

nstc/library/techref.htm and is also provided below for reference purposes.) 

M11.	 Monitoring Question: For streams with ESA-listed or anadromous fish species, are livestock restricted 

from riparian areas until 30 days following the emergence of salmonids from spawning beds? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100% of streams with ESA-listed or anadromous fish species within 

grazing allotments. 

Monitoring Interval: Annually for first three years of RMP implementation, and then every three 

years if results show 100% compliance. 

Eastside Forest Management Area 

Note: Monitoring question M12 does not apply to the Salem District. 

M12. 	 Monitoring Question: Are snags and coarse woody debris retained in accordance with resource 

management plan requirements? 

Monitoring Requirement: At least one completed timber sale will be evaluated. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

Uneven-Age Management Area 

Note: Monitoring question M13 does not apply to the Salem District. 

M13. 	 Monitoring Question: Is a relative density (Curtis) of 25 and 55 (for Eastside Forest Management 

Area a relative density of 15 to 55) inclusive of any group selections maintained during group 

selection, commercial thinning, or density management conducted for the removal and sale of 

timber and biomass? (The overstory component of the stand will be used to measure relative density.) 

Monitoring Requirement: One completed timber sale will be evaluated. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

B – 9
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Deferred Timber Management Area 

M14. Monitoring Question: Has the level of older, more structurally complex, multi-layered conifer 

forests been maintained until the year 2023? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report acres of management activities and natural disturbance that has 

reduced the acres of Deferred Timber Management Area. 

Monitoring Interval: Every five years. 

Timber Management Area and Uneven-Age Management Area 

M15. 	 Monitoring Question: Has the allowable sale quantity been offered for sale within the variation 

provided for in the plan? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report annual sale quantity offered for sale and the cumulative total since 

approval of the plan. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

Timber Management Area 

M16. 	 Monitoring Question: Has timber volume from regeneration harvest and commercial thinning 

been offered for sale in the quantities specified in the resource management plan? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report volume of regeneration harvest and volume of commercial 

thinning offered for sale. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

Air 

M17. 	 Monitoring Question: Have smoke intrusions occurred in areas designated as Class I for air quality 

and non-attainment occurred as a result of BLM prescribed fire? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report intrusions through Oregon Department of Forestry data. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

Areas of Critical Environmental Concern and Research 


Natural Areas 


M18. Monitoring Question: Are important and relevant values being maintained or restored? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report 20% of the Areas of Critical Environmental Concern and Research 

Natural Areas. 

Monitoring Interval: The monitoring of Areas of Critical Environmental Concern and Research 

Natural Areas will be rotated, providing for 100% of the areas to be monitored over a 5-year period. 

B – 10
 
Appendix B - Monitoring 

Botany 

M19. Monitoring Question: Is management of species that are listed under the Endangered Species Act 

consistent with recovery plans and designated critical habitat? 

Monitoring Requirement: All completed projects that “may affect” listed species will be reviewed 

after completion. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 

compliance. 

M20. 	 Monitoring Question: Have protection measures maintained populations of BLM special status 

plant and fungi species? 

Monitoring Requirement: 20% of completed projects in which protection measures were 

implemented to accommodate BLM special status plant and fungi species will be reviewed. If less 

than five projects are completed, monitor at least one completed project. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

Cultural and Paleontological Resources Including 

American Indian Traditional Uses 

M21. 	 Monitoring Question: Were sites located within project areas after the commencement of grounddisturbing activities? 

Monitoring Requirement: At least 20% of management activities that involve ground disturbance 

that have been completed within the past year will be evaluated. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

M22. 	 Monitoring Question: Have ground-disturbing actions avoided sites that are listed (or eligible for 

listing) on the National Register of Historic Places? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100 percent of avoided listed or eligible sites that lie within the boundaries 

of a ground-disturbing project after the project is completed. 

Monitoring Interval: Annually when listed or eligible sites are present and avoidance prescribed. 

M23. 	 Monitoring Question: Are sites with scientific value salvaged prior to disturbance (when 

disturbance cannot be practically avoided) through practices such as data recovery, including 

excavation, relocation, or documentation? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100 percent of data recovery actions undertaken to salvage site data at risk 

of loss from ground disturbing management activities that have been completed within the past year. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

M24: 	 Monitoring Question: Are cultural and paleontological resources that are threatened by natural 

processes or human activity excavated and the data recovered where warranted by the scientific 

importance of the site? 

B – 11
 
Salem District ROD and RMP 

Monitoring Requirement: 100 percent of management activities that have been completed within 

the past year. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

Energy and Minerals 

M25. 	 Monitoring Question: Has the level of opportunities for the exploration and development of 

locatable, leasable, and salable energy and mineral resources, and for casual mineral prospecting, 

been maintained? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report new withdrawals. 

Monitoring Interval: Five years. 

Fire and Fuels Management 

M26. 	 Monitoring Question: What is the net change in fire hazard to communities at risk, and risk of 

uncharacteristic wildfires as indicated by changes in fire regime condition class caused by fuel 

treatments and timber harvest? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report total acres and wildland urban interface acres of positive and 

negative change in fire regime condition class resulting from fuel treatments and timber harvest. 

Monitoring Interval: Biennially for the Salem District. 

Grazing 

Note: Monitoring questions M27 and M28 do not apply to the Salem District. 

M27. 	 Monitoring Question: Has the condition of public rangelands been maintained or improved 

compared to the baseline year of 2008? 

Monitoring Requirement and Monitoring Interval: Grazing allotments are assigned to one of three 

management categories: (I) Improve (M) Maintain, and (C) Custodial. In “I” category allotments, 

examine trend plots every five years, determine condition every 10 years, and record utilization data 

every other year. In “M” allotments, determine trend and condition every 5-10 years, and utilization 

every 5 years. Monitoring in “C” allotments is limited to periodic inventories and observations to 

measure long-term resource condition changes. 

M28. 	 Monitoring Question: Are areas disturbed by natural and human-induced events (including 

wildland fire, prescribed burns, timber-management treatments, and juniper cuts) rested from 

livestock grazing and resumed after soil and vegetation has recovered sufficient to support livestock 

grazing (except where grazing would either not impede site recovery, or where grazing could be used 

as a tool to aid in achieving recovery objectives)? 

Monitoring Requirement: Ten percent of disturbance events. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 

100% compliance. 

B – 12
 
Appendix B - Monitoring 

Hazardous Materials 

M29. Monitoring Question: Has the response to hazardous material incidents included cleanup, proper 

notifications, criminal investigations, and site assessments as applicable? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100 percent of hazardous material incidents. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

M30. 	 Monitoring Question: Are hazardous materials stored, treated, and disposed of in accordance with 

applicable laws and regulations? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100 percent of district-stored, treated and disposed hazardous materials. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. 

Lands, Realty, Access, and Transportation 

M31. 	 Monitoring Question: Have the acres of O&C lands of all classifications and the acres of O&C and 

public domain lands that are available for harvesting been reduced through disposal, exchange, or 

purchase? 

Monitoring Requirement: Review of all O&C lands records through the Oregon State Office. Total 

net change in land tenure of O&C lands in the planning area will be evaluated at 10-year intervals 

keyed from 1998, the date of the legislation that provides for no net loss of O&C lands. 

Monitoring Interval: Three years. 

Recreation 

M32. 	 Monitoring Question: Are special recreation management areas managed in accordance with their 

planning frameworks? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report on 20% of the special recreation management areas. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. The monitoring of special recreation management areas will be rotated 

so that over a five-year period 100% of the areas will be monitored. 

Visual Resource Management 

M33. 	 Monitoring Question: Is the level of change in character for the areas designated to be managed as 

VRM I, II, and III consistent with resource management plan requirements? 

Monitoring Requirements: Twenty percent of activities that have the potential to affect the existing 

character in VRM I, II, and III. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 

compliance. 

B – 13
 
Salem District ROD and RMP 

Wild Horses 

Note: Monitoring questions M34-M36 do not apply to the Salem District. 

M34. Monitoring Question: Is the population of wild horses maintained at the appropriate management 

level of 30 to 50 head? 

Monitoring Requirement: Population survey or census. 

Monitoring Interval: Five years. 

M35. Monitoring Question: Are horses from other herd areas periodically introduced to the Pokegama 

herd to maintain the genetic diversity of the herd? 

Monitoring Requirement: Report all introductions. 

Monitoring Interval: Five years. 

M36. Monitoring Question: Are water developments maintained or established to provide season-long 

water for wild horses within the herd management area? 

Monitoring Requirement: 100 percent of water developments.
 


Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 
 

compliance. 
 

Wilderness Characteristics 

M37. 	 Monitoring Question: Are wilderness characteristics maintained in accordance with resource 

management plan requirements? 

Monitoring Requirements: Report all management activities that would adversely affect wilderness 

characteristics to be maintained under the RMP, Wilderness Study Areas and Wilderness Areas. 

Monitoring Interval: Three years. 

Wild and Scenic Rivers 

M38. 	 Monitoring Question: Are the outstandingly remarkable values of designated wild and scenic river 

corridors (including those classified as wild, scenic, or recreational) being maintained? 

Monitoring Requirements: 100 percent of BLM-authorized activities that have the potential to affect 

the outstandingly remarkable values of wild and scenic rivers. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 

compliance. 

B – 14
 
Appendix B - Monitoring 

Wildlife 

M39. Monitoring Question: Is management of species that are listed under the Endangered Species Act 

consistent with recovery plans and designated critical habitat? 

Monitoring Requirement: At least five completed projects that “may affect” listed species will be 

evaluated. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 

compliance. 

M40. 	 Monitoring Question: Has seasonal motor vehicle use been restricted for deer and elk in areas 

identified in the RMP? 

Monitoring Requirements: Review of district records. 

Monitoring Interval: Annual. Every three years if three consecutive years of monitoring show 100% 

compliance. 

B – 15
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Program Reporting Items 

Program reporting items involve activities that are either related to: (1) certain analytical assumptions that 

are pertinent to non-specific management actions; or (2) analytical assumptions pertinent to the analysis of 

environmental consequences in the PRMP/FEIS. Not all programs or resources have reporting items. 

Late-Successional Management Area 

R1. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of thinning harvest applied to promote mature or 

structurally complex forests in the Late-Successional Management Areas. Reporting will be annual. 

Riparian Management Area 

R2. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the number of fish-passage blockages that have been corrected 

and the number of resulting miles of stream habitat that are newly accessed. Reporting will be 

annual. 

R3. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of thinning and other silvicultural treatments to 

promote development of large trees. Reporting will be annual. 

R4. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the miles of permanent road construction, road renovation, road 

improvement, and road decommissioning. Reporting will be annual. 

R5. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the overall level of stream and riparian restoration activities 

(such as placement of large wood and boulders in streams, planting, thinning, etc.). Report the level 

of stream restoration activities in high intrinsic potential streams, or streams with high priority fish 

populations. Reporting will be annual. 

Note: 	 Program Reporting Items R6-R8 (Eastside Forest Management Lands) do not apply to the Salem 

District. 

R6. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the number of fish-passage blockages that have been corrected and 

the number of resulting miles of stream habitat that are newly accessed. Reporting will be annual. 

R7. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report miles of road restoration and road decommissioning. Reporting 

will be annual. 

R8. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the overall level of stream and riparian restoration activities such 

as placement of large wood and boulders in streams. Report the level of stream restoration activities in 

high intrinsic potential streams or streams with high priority fish populations. Reporting will be annual. 

Eastside Forest Management Area 

Note: 	 Program reporting Item R9 does not apply to the Salem District. 

R9. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of group selection, commercial thinning, density 

management, and regeneration harvest. Reporting will be annual. 

B – 16
 
Appendix B - Monitoring 

Uneven-Age Management Area 

Note: Program reporting Item R10 does not apply to the Salem District. 

R10. Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of group selection, commercial thinning, density 

management, and regeneration harvest. Reporting will be annual. 

Timber Management Area 

R11. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of stand conversion from undesirable tree species or an 

inadequate stocking of commercially desirable tree species. Reporting will be annual. 

R12. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of precommercial thinning, fertilization and pruning. 

Reporting will be annual. 

R13. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of regeneration harvest and commercial thinning offered 

for sale. Reporting will be annual. 

R14. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the volume of non-ASQ timber offered for sale. Reporting will be annual. 

Botany 

R15. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of activities designed to maintain or restore natural plant 

communities on non-forest and non-commercial lands. Reporting will be annual. 

Invasive Plants 

R16. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of manual, mechanical, cultural, chemical, and 

biological treatments used to manage invasive plant infestations. Reporting will be annual. 

Energy and Minerals 

R17. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report number of biomass utilization projects. Reporting will be annual. 

Fire and Fuels Management 

R18. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report number of acres of hazardous fuels treatments. 

Grazing 

Note: 	 Program reporting Items R19-R21 do not apply to the Salem District. 

R19. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the findings of grazing allotments towards meeting the Standards 

for Rangeland Health and Guidelines for Livestock Grazing Management for Public Lands Administered 

by the Bureau of Land Management in the States of Oregon and Washington. Reporting will be annual. 

B – 17
 
Salem District ROD and RMP 

R20. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the acres of prescribed livestock grazing used to control invasive 

plants, reduce fire danger, or accomplish other management objective. Reporting will be annual. 

R21. Program Reporting Item: Report the acres or number of range improvements. Reporting will be annual. 

Socioeconomic 

R22. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the payments to counties associated with BLM-administered 

lands including O&C, Coos Bay Wagon Roads, and Public Domain lands. Reporting will be annual. 

R23. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report receipts from timber sales, special forest products, recreation and 

permits. Reporting will be annual. 

R24. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report appropriations; number of full time and temporary employees; 

and major new facility developments or improvements. Reporting will be annual. 

Recreation 

R25. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the number of service-oriented and outreach programs, including 

interpretation and education provided to visitors. 

R26. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the status of development of comprehensive travel management 

plans for off-highway vehicle areas and off-highway vehicle emphasis areas. 

Research 

R27. 	 Program Reporting Item: Provide a narrative update on status, goals, and findings of research 

projects in support of the management of lands and resources administered by the BLM. 

Special Forest Products 

R28. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the number of permits for harvest and collection of special forest 

products. Reporting will be annual. 

Soils 

R29. 	 Program Reporting Item: Report the number of projects and acres in which there was greater than 

15 percent of the acres treated that had detrimental soil disturbance resulting from ground-based 

timber harvest. Reporting will be based on evaluation of at least 20% of the total ground based 

timber harvest acres. Reporting will be annual. Fifteen percent detrimental soil disturbance is not a 

plan decision (management direction), but rather an approximate level used as analytical assumption 

in the Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Revisions of the Resource Management Plans of 

the Western Oregon Bureau of Land Management Districts (published October 2008). Detrimental 

soil disturbance in this context means areas in which the top soil has been removed, the subsoil 

structure severely altered and the slash deeply incorporated into the soil and which have not been or 

will not be ameliorated. 

B – 18
 
Appendix B - Monitoring 

Wildlife 

R30. Program Reporting Item: Report number of deer and elk forage planting projects. Reporting will be 

annual. 

Note: Reporting item R31 does not apply to the Salem District. 

R31. 	 Program Reporting Item (pertinent to Klamath Falls Resource Area): Report acres of thinning or 

removal of encroaching western juniper to maintain and improve forage for big game. Reporting will 

be annual. 

B – 19
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

B – 20
 

Appendix C
 


Best Management 

Practices 

C - 1
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

C – 2
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

Best Management Practices 

Introduction 

A Best Management Practice or BMP is a practice, or combination of practices that have been determined to 

be the most effective and practicable in preventing or reducing the amount of pollution generated by diffuse 

sources to a level compatible with water quality goals (40 CFR 130.2 [m]). 

Best Management Practices are a type of water pollution control. This section defines the best management 

practices (i.e., methods and measures) that were developed for the lands within the western Oregon 

planning area to comply with the requirements of the Clean Water Act. 

Purpose 

Best management practices (BMPs) are required by the federal Clean Water Act, as amended to reduce 

nonpoint source pollution to the maximum extent practicable. Nonpoint source pollution is pollutants 

detected in a concentrated water source such as a stream, or lake that come from a wide range of forest 

and range activities. The BMPs are considered the primary controls for achieving Oregon’s water quality 

standards. Oregon’s narrative criteria, which include numeric standards, are designed to protect designated 

beneficial uses (such as salmonid spawning and rearing, resident fi sh and aquatic life, domestic water 

supplies, and water-contact recreation). 

The BMPs are methods, measures, or practices selected on the basis of site-specific conditions to ensure 

that water quality will be maintained at its highest practicable level. The BMPs include, but are not limited 

to, avoidance, structural and nonstructural treatments, operations, and maintenance procedures. Although 

normally preventative, BMPs can be applied before, during, and after pollution-producing activities to 

reduce or eliminate the introduction of pollutants into receiving waters (40 CFR 130.2, EPA Water Quality 

Standards Regulation). 

Organization and Use 

The BMPs in this appendix are organized by the following management activities: 

• roads and landings 

• timber harvest activities 

• silvicultural activities 

• fire and fuels management 

• surface source water for drinking water 

• recreation 

• grazing 

• minerals exploration and development 

• spill prevention and abatement 

• restoration 

The tables that follow this introduction identify the input variables, causal mechanisms, and water quality 

standards (referenced by the Oregon Administrative Rules number) that are associated with each BMP. 

C – 3
 
Salem District ROD and RMP 

Those BMPs that are necessary for typical situations have been included. When applied, BMPs are expected 

to prevent water quality degradation and to meet water quality standards. 

Causal mechanisms help explain the outcomes or the process through which an outcome occurs. 

Resource aspects of land management activities normally have many facets that require site-specific BMP 

design. Therefore, there may be some repetition of the BMPs between sections of the following tables. An 

activity may use an individual BMP, whereas another activity may involve BMPs in combination from 

several sections for water quality protection. 

Management of locatable minerals is governed by regulations found in 43 CFR 3809. The BMPs for locatable 

minerals include language from 43 CFR 3809 that requires operators to prevent unnecessary and undue 

degradation from mining operations. 

Some BMPs that relate to instream activities may coincidently be similar to applicable practices specified in 

Army Corps of Engineers, Department of State Lands, and ODFW joint removal/fill permits, DEQ water 

quality permits and 401 certifications, or project design criteria contained in biological assessments. The 

BMPs in the following tables are not specific permit requirements, but rather demonstrate the process by 

which nonpoint source pollution from instream activities would be controlled. 

The BMPs are practices, techniques, or management strategies that have been evaluated through common 

practice or studies, and shown to be an effective and practical means of preventing or reducing nonpoint 

source pollution. The BMPs are not intended to serve as detailed engineering specifications or design 

criteria. Such specifications are available for field use from various sources. 

Application of Best Management Practices 

Selection of BMPs are made by decision-makers using input from soil, water, fisheries, geology and other 

professionals during project-level analyses. It is not intended that all of the BMPs listed will be selected for 

any specific management action. Each activity is unique, based on site-specific conditions, and the selection 

of an individual BMP or a combination of BMPs and measures becomes the BMP design. 

The BMPs must be applied in a manner that is consistent with all Resource Management Plan objectives. The 

overall goal is not to adhere strictly to a particular set of BMPs, but to meet water quality objectives when 

implementing management actions. Describing non-point pollution causal mechanisms allows resource 

professionals (specialists) to exercise discretion as to what will work best in a particular situation. An example 

is the need to respond to a wide range of geology, landform, soils, watershed characteristics and climate. 

Although this appendix does not provide an exhaustive list of BMPs, the included BMPs are believed to 

cover most project activity situations in the Plan area. Additional nonpoint source control measures may be 

identified during the interdisciplinary process when evaluating site-specific management actions. 

Where found to be ineffective, BMPs may require modification to meet water quality objectives. Specialists 

may consider baseline environmental conditions, type of activity, proximity to water, disturbance level, 

direct, indirect, and cumulative effects and timing. They may also evaluate new technology and relevant 

implementation or effectiveness monitoring data, published studies or other sources of information, in 

refining existing BMPs or recommending new BMPs. This process involves continued learning and applying 

monitoring feedback. 

Review and update of this appendix, including BMP corrections or additions that are derivatives of existing 

BMPs, would be completed through plan maintenance. 

C – 4
 
Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

Roads and Landings 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-1. Best Management Practices For Roads And Landings 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 1 

Locate roads and landings on stable 

locations that minimize sediment 

delivery potential to streams (e.g., 

ridge tops, stable benches or flats, 

and gentle-to-moderate side-slopes). 

To the extent workable, avoid unstable 

headwalls, and steep channel-adjacent 

side slopes. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: 

Failures from roads built across 

unstable landforms that may slide 

into stream channels 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Alters 

channel form, which warms stream 

temperatures due to either increased 

widening or deepening (incising) 

channels becoming disconnected 

from the flood plain hyporheic zone 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Temp 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 2 

Where practical to do so, plan 

routes to limit new road construction, 

including stream crossings, within 

Riparian Management Areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion due to lack of adequate 

vegetative cover, or nearness to 

stream channels that may deliver. 

Temperature: 

Roads located adjacent to streams, 

causing opening in forest canopy that 

may reduce local stream shade. 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

R 3 

Considering topographic and safety 

constraints, locate roads so as to lower 

cutbank heights and cutbank slope 

angles, where ditchlines could deliver 

run-off directly to stream channels. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Erosion 

from exposed soils on cut banks 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 4 Locate roads and landings outside of 

jurisdictional wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion or ravel, due to lack of 

adequate vegetative cover, or 

nearness to stream channels that may 

deliver 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-04l-0004 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 5 

To the extent workable, locate 

new landings outside of Riparian 

Management Areas. 

Avoid expanding existing landings in 

Riparian Management Areas where 

sediment delivery to stream channels 

could occur. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Temperature: Surface erosion or ravel, 

due to lack of adequate vegetative 

cover or nearness to stream channels 

that may deliver 

Temperature: Increase landing size 

or shape, causing opening in forest 

canopy that may reduce local stream 

shade 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 6 Locate landings in areas with low risk 

for landslides. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: 

Failures from landings sited on 

unstable landforms that may slide into 

stream channels 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 7 

Locate excavated material disposal 

areas outside Riparian Management 

Areas, floodplains, and unstable 

areas that could transport sediment 

to waterbodies. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion or ravel, due to lack of 

adequate vegetative cover, or 

nearness to stream channels that may 

deliver 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 5
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

General Construction 

R 8 Design roads no wider than needed for 

the specific use. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion from wet weather, due to lack 

of adequate vegetative cover that may 

deliver to a stream channel. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 9 

Limit road and landing construction, 

reconstruction, or renovation 

activities to the dry season, 

generally from May into October. 

When conditions permit operations 

outside of the dry season, 

keep erosion control measures 

concurrent with ground disturbance 

to the extent that the affected area 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion from wet weather, due to lack 

of adequate vegetative cover that may 

deliver to a stream channel. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

can be rapidly stormproofed if 

weather conditions deteriorate. 

End-haul excavated material 

R 10 

to minimize side-casting of 

waste material if side slopes 

generally exceed 60 percent, or 

where side-cast material may 

enter waterbodies, wetlands, or 

floodplains. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: 

Fill run-out or failures from roads 

built across steep landforms that 

may slide into stream channels 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 11 

Conduct pioneer road construction to 

avoid the deposition of materials in 

waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Pioneer 

road construction earthwork, with 

some downslope movement or 

drifting of unconsolidated soil medium 

towards waterbodies, floodplains, or 

wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 12 Use controlled blasting techniques. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Blasting with radial movement 

of unconsolidated soil medium 

or rock fragments, towards 

waterbodies, floodplains, or 

wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 13 

Use only soil and rock materials in 

permanent road fills. Build up fills by 

layering; (e.g. 6 inch lifts) compact 

between 85 and 95 percent maximum 

density using compaction equipment. 

Provide for additional fill drainage (e.g. 

use geo-textile fabrics, etc.) 

in landslide prone areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: 

Failures from roads with inadequate 

fill construction, or without proper 

drainage, that may slide into stream 

channels 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 14 

Where deemed necessary, use 

temporary sediment containment 

structures to contain runoff from 

construction areas (e.g. silt fencing). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

New earthwork, lacking vegetative 

cover, that may erode and deliver to 

waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative 

Criteria Sediment, Adverse 

Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 15 

Surface roads if they would 

be subject to traffic during prolonged 

wet weather. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Road 

tread erosion, increased by traffic, 

especially during wet weather on 

susceptible soil types, causing 

rilling or rutting, and delivery to a 

stream channel 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 6
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 16 

Complete construction activities 

prior to fall rains. Prevent erosion 

in areas with direct connectivity to 

streams by stabilizing exposed soil 

materials. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Vegetative and organic 

ground cover, decreasing soil 

detachment, transport and 

delivery to stream channels 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Seed and mulch cut and fill 

R 17 

slopes, ditchlines, and waste 

disposal upon construction 

completion. Where straw mulch or 

rice straw mulch is used; require 

certified weed free, if readily 

available. Mulch shall be applied 

at no less than 2000 lbs/acre 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Vegetative and organic 

ground cover, decreasing soil 

detachment, transport and 

delivery to stream channels 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Culvert 

R 18 

For new road construction, clear 

channels and ditches of excess 

sediment and debris above culvert 

inlets prior to fall rains. 

inlets becoming plugged with 

sediment or floatable organic debris, 

resulting in water ponding against the 

road fill, and headcutting and loss 

of the fill at the crossing or diversion 

and/or gullying down the road 

ditchline and loss of 

the road fill at another site, with 

sediment delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains, or wetlands 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 19 

Correct special drainage problems 

(e.g., high water table, seeps) that 

effect stability of the road subgrade 

through the use of perforated drains, 

geotextiles, or drainage bays. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Saturated fills or wet areas that 

could fail or erode and deliver 

sediment to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 20 

Conduct slope rounding on tops of 

cut slopes in clayey soils to reduce 

sloughing and surface ravel. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Erosion from exposed soils on cut 

and fill slopes. Road tread erosion, 

increased by traffic, especially 

during wet weather on susceptible 

soil types, causing rilling or rutting, 

and delivery to a stream channel. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1)&(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 21 

Where sediment would be 

transported to streams, consider 

windrowing slash at the base of 

newly constructed fill slopes to 

catch sediment. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Erosion from exposed soils on cut 

and fill slopes. Road tread erosion, 

increased by traffic, especially 

during wet weather on susceptible 

soil types, causing rilling or rutting, 

and delivery to a stream channel. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1)&(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Surface Drainage 

R 22 

Drain the road surface by using 

crowning, insloping or outsloping. 

Road surfaces, regardless of traffic 

volume, may use a combination of 

these methods for effective road 

drainage into nonerodible areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows during 

storm events from compacted road 

surfaces that may travel longer 

distances, entering ditchlines, and 

waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits

 OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 7
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 23 

Low traffic roads should be 

outsloped, unless there is a traffic 

hazard from the road shape. 

Roads can be insloped for specific 

purposes, such as to drain unstable 

areas or where the underlying 

formation is very rocky and not 

erodible. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows during 

storm events from compacted road 

surfaces that may travel longer 

distances, entering ditchlines, and 

waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 24 

Out-slope low traffic volume roads 

to provide surface drainage on road 

gradients up to 8 percent, where an 

inside ditch is not planned. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows during 

storm events from compacted road 

surfaces that may travel longer 

distances, entering ditchlines, and 

waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 25 

Use rolling drainage dips and/or 

lead-off ditches as options in lieu of 

culverts for low traffic volume roads 

with less than 10 percent gradient. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows during 

storm events from compacted road 

surfaces that may travel longer 

distances, entering ditchlines, and 

waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 26 

Locate surface water drainage 

measures (water bars, rolling dips, etc.) 

where they will drain the road surface 

without delivering sediment to a stream 

or waterbody, and at frequencies that 

are sufficient to prevent damage or 

serious erosion of the road surface. 

Install during the dry season. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows during 

storm events from compacted road 

surfaces that may travel longer 

distances, entering ditchlines, and 

waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 27 

Outside road berms are discouraged. 

Where there is an outside berm 

that prevents water from exiting the 

roadway, it should be breached at 

intervals to prevent accumulation of 

water and delivery of sediment to 

streams and waterbodies. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows during 

storm events from compacted road 

surfaces that may travel longer 

distances, entering ditchlines, and 

waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 28 

Roll the grade in erodible and 

unstable soils to reduce surface 

water volume and velocities. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows from 

compacted road surfaces that may 

travel longer distances, entering 

ditchlines, and waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 29 

Divert road and landing runoff water 

away from headwalls, unstable areas 

or stream channels. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Water 

volume concentration resulting in 

headwall saturation with possible 

failures to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 8
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 30 

Shape landings to spread surface 

water runoff to well- vegetated, stable 

ground. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows from 

compacted landing surfaces 

that may travel longer distances, 

entering waterbodies. 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flow from 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

R 31 

Prevent diversion of water from 

streams into road ditches or upon 

road surfaces. 

streams causing ditch erosion, and 

sediment delivery to another stream 

channel. Dewatering of a stream 

channel with negative effects on 

fishes and aquatic life. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1)&(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

For roads involving very erodible 

soils near streams: 

R 32 

• 

• 

• 

• 

Where possible, outsloping should

be the preferred road drainage 

treatment. 

Construct lead-in ditch to

catchbasins 

Require rock armoring of leadin ditch for through fills greater 

than 6 feet in height 

Design catch basins in a manner

that would settle out transported 

sediments. Maintain these catch 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flow from roads 

and subsequent soil movement to 

streams 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1)&(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

basins. 

Cross Drains 

R 33 

Locate cross drains such that runoff 

and sediment is not discharged 

to a stream. Use measures such 

as ditchline settling basins, culvert 

endcaps and perforated flex pipes 

on the discharge end of stream relief 

culverts to disperse culvert discharge 

near streams and waterbodies. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Road 

water and sediment draining directly 

into waterbodies, causing water 

quality degradation. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits

 OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 34 

Space cross drains at intervals 

sufficient to prevent water volume 

concentration and accelerated 

ditch erosion. Increase cross drain 

frequency through erodible soils, steep 

grades, and unstable areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Water 

volume concentration, resulting 

greater erosive energy, rilling and 

gullying road ditchlines and delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 35 

Cross drainage culverts should be a 

minimum of 18 inches in diameter. 

If flex pipes are used, care should 

be taken during installation so as to 

avoid reducing pipe diameter. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Cross drain restricted size 

that can plug with sediments 

and debris, causing water 

flow volume concentration in 

ditchlines resulting in gullying 

with materials delivered to 

waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 9
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 36 

Construct cross drainage culverts 

or drainage dips at nearest and 

best available location upgrade 

of stream crossings to prevent 

ditchflow and sediment from 

entering the stream. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated ditch flow from 

storm events or snowmelt, 

causing erosion of the ditchline 

or carrying sediment sloughed 

from the cutbank, that if left 

unchecked may deliver to a 

stream channel. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 37 

Site cross drains to exit on convex 

slopes and avoid discharge onto 

erodible and/or unstable ground, 

(such as headwalls, slumps, or block 

failure zones), or directly into stream 

channels. Provide a buffer or sediment 

basin between the cross drain outlet 

and waterbodies, floodplains, or 

wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Water 

volume concentration, resulting in 

headwall saturation with possible 

failures to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 38 

Armor drainage dips to maintain 

functionality in areas of erosive soils 

that are subject to rapid erosion by 

runoff. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated water flows from 

compacted road surfaces that may 

erode and gully in susceptible soils, 

entering ditchlines, and waterbodies. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 39 

Install downspout structures and/ or 

energy dissipators (e.g., rock material) 

at cross drain outlets 

or drain dips where water is 

discharged onto loose material or 

erodible soils, fills, or steep slopes. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated ditch flow from 

storm events or snowmelt, 

causing erosion of the ditchline 

or carrying sediment sloughed 

from the cutbank that if left 

unchecked, may deliver to a 

stream channel. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 40 Extend culvert outlets or downspout 

structures onto undisturbed ground. 

Surface water from compacted 

surfaces saturating road fills with 

possible slumping or mass failure and 

delivery to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 41 

Cut protruding “cannon” culverts at the 

fill surface, install downspout and/or 

energy dissipators on erodible fills. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Surface water from compacted 

surfaces saturating road fills with 

possible slumping or mass failure and 

delivery to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 42 

Where erosion of road fill is 

occurring at cross-drain entrance, 

either add more cross-drains along 

ditchline to reduce flow, or angle 

cross-drains near 30 degree angle 

to the road. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Scour of 

road fills from too much water volume 

concentration, causing erosion and 

sediment delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 10
 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 43 

Where debris or sediments may plug 

cross-drains, use slotted risers, oversized culverts or build catch basins. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Culvert plugging causing road 

fill failure and slug injections 

of sediments to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Stream Crossings (General) 

Biocriteria 

R 44 

Install all crossings during the low 

flow period, generally from June 15 to 

September 15. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Turbidity 

and sediment movement downstream 

during periods of low turbidities with 

possible effects on aquatic life. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Permanent Stream Crossings 

R 45 

Size culverts, bridges, and other 

stream crossings for the 100-year 

flood event including allowance for bed 

load and small floatable debris without 

exceeding capacity or diversion. Match 

culvert width with bankfull channel 

width. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: 

Floodwaters exceeding pipe 

capacity, causing overtopping of 

pipe and fills, with ensuing 

headcutting and loss of road fill. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 46 

To the extent workable, limit the 

number of new stream crossings, 

by evaluating practical upland 

alternatives. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Turbidity 

and sediment entry of road run-off to 

waterbodies, floodplains and wetlands. 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 47 

Construct the stream crossing 

approach to minimize fill volumes and 

sediment delivery potential. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Earthwork near waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands causing 

sediment delivery. 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 48 

Locate culvert placement on a well 

defined, unobstructed, and straight 

reach of stream. Where a bend in the 

channel cannot be avoided, or would 

have less impact than moving the road 

elsewhere, place the alignment of the 

culvert with the upstream channel and 

armor the discharge side of the culvert 

into an erodible bank. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Earthwork near waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands causing 

sediment delivery. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 49 

Where workable, install culverts in 

intermittent channels at the natural 

stream grade. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Floodwater piping or eroding 

unconsolidated road fill, causing 

failures with sediment delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

C – 11
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 50 

When installing stream culverts, divert 

the stream around the work area with 

coffer dams, pumping etc. Maintain 

diversion until all instream work is 

completed. Pump seepage water that 

may escape the containment to an offstream filtration area. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Erosion at the instream construction 

site causing sediment movement 

downstream during periods of low 

turbidities with possible effects on 

aquatic life. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 51 

Use containment and filtering 

techniques such as bladder barriers, 

silt curtains etc if diversion is not 

possible. Place sediment controls along 

and immediately downstream of the 

instream work. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

movement downstream during 

periods of low turbidities with possible 

effects on aquatic life. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 52 

To the extent workable, limit 

activities of mechanized equipment 

to streambank areas or temporary 

platforms when installing or removing 

structures. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, Oil, 

and Toxins: 

Erosion at the instream 

construction site causing 

turbidity and sediment 

movement downstream. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 53 

Use stream crossing protection such 

as hardened crossing, fill armoring, 

grade dipping, etc. where high debris 

loads are expected (such as debris 

torrent channels) to allow overflow 

without loss of the fill or diversion of 

streamflow. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment,and 

Organic Debris: 

Debris flows plugging culverts 

or removing road fills with high 

delivery of sediments and materials 

to waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 54 

Provide adequate stream bank 

protection using bioengineering 

techniques (e.g., live plants or 

cuttings, dead plant material, rock 

or other inert structure where bank 

erosion would occur). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Stream scour of road fill, causing 

entrainment of sediment in flowing 

water and delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 55 

Provide structural erosion control 

measures (e.g., riprap, wing walls, 

etc. on erosion-prone fills, inlets, and 

outlets). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Scour 

of streambed at culvert outlet, 

causing entrainment of sediment 

in flowing water and delivery to 

waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 12
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

R 56 

Where channels are not naturally 

armored, place energy dissipators 

(e.g., large rock at the outlet of culverts 

on streams). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Stream scour of road fill, causing 

entrainment of sediment in flowing 

water and delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Stabilize fill material over stream 

crossing structures immediately after 

construction has been completed, 

normally before October 15. Exposed 

soils would be seeded and mulched. Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

R 57 Temporarily suspend construction 

activity if rain saturates soils to the 

extent that there is potential for 

movement of sediment from the road 

to the stream. Soils must be covered 

Surface erosion with sediment 

delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

or temporarily stabilized during work 

suspension. 

R 58 

Incorporate additional design criteria 

(e.g., rock blankets, buttressing, relief 

pipes higher in the fill, etc.) for deep 

fills to lesson the susceptibility of fill 

failures. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: 

Floodwaters exceeding pipe 

capacity, causing overtopping 

of pipe, possible piping through 

fills with possible collapse 

or overtopping, with ensuing 

headcutting, loss of road fill, 

and possible dam break flood 

scouring downstream reaches. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

R 59 

Use beveled culvert inlets, wingwalls, 

over-sized culverts, trash racks or in 

some cases slotted risers to prevent 

culvert plugging and failure in areas of 

active debris movement. 

Coarse and fine Sediment, and 

Organic Debris: Mobile debris and 

materials plugging culverts with 

overtopping and failure of the road 

fill, and possible dam break flood, 

scouring downstream reaches. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

R 60 

Install permanent stream crossing 

structures before heavy equipment 

moves beyond the crossing area. 

Where this is not feasible, install 

temporary crossings. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

movement downstream during 

periods of low turbidities with possible 

effects on aquatic life. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 13
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Temporary Stream Crossings for Roads and Skid Trails 

R 61 

To the extent workable, limit the 

use of mechanized equipment to 

streambank areas or temporary 

platforms when installing or removing 

structures. 

Avoid driving of mechanized 

equipment in the stream channel 

except in the area that is necessary 

for installation and removal 

operations. 

Coarse and fine Sediment, Oil, and 

Toxins: 

Vehicles wheel tracks breaking down 

banks, to access stream channel 

bottoms, driving through stream 

water column, disturbing fish habitat, 

with possible release of oil, and 

asbestos from brake linings and 

similar toxins. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Oil 

and Floating Solids 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Toxics 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

 Biocriteria 

R 62 Limit the number of new temporary 

crossings on a stream. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

movement downstream during 

periods of low turbidities with possible 

effects on aquatic life.

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

R 63 

Use washed river rock or crushed 

rock over geo-textile fabric, as backfill 

material over temporary culverts, 

except where excessive displacement 

would occur from vehicle travel. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Higher 

than anticipated streamflows, 

washing over or through temporary 

road crossing. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

R 64 

Use the least amount of fill possible 

to facilitate the temporary stream 

crossing structure if a non- fill 

structure is not possible. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Higher 

than anticipated streamflows, 

washing over or through temporary 

road crossing. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Limit the installation and removal 

R 65 

of temporary crossing structures 

within the prescribed work 

period where possible. Follow 

practices under the Closure/ 

Decommissioning section for 

removing stream crossing drainage 

structures and reestablishing 

natural drainage configuration. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Fall or winter streamflows washing 

over temporary road and high stream 

energies washing a portion or all of the 

crossing downstream. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Low-Water Ford Stream Crossings 

R 66 

Use structures that would withstand 

100-year flow events (e.g., concrete, 

well anchored concrete mats, etc). 

on permanent crossings. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Toxins: 

High streamflow undermining or 

twisting structure, with possible 

channel shifts, and partial collapse or 

loss of structure. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Toxics 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 67 

Harden approaches with non-erodible 

materials on permanent crossings. 

Provide relief drainage on approaches. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Toxins: 

Loose road surfacing, washing into 

the stream during storms. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

R 68 

Use washed rock or gravel in 

temporary crossings, where a non-fill 

structure is not possible. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Higher 

than anticipated streamflows, 

washing over or through temporary 

road crossing. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 14
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 69 Restrict unauthorized access to 

low-water ford stream crossings. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, Bacteria 

and Pathogens, Oil, and Toxins: 

Vehicular traffic, breaking down 

banks, disturbing stream substrate, 

causing turbidity and stream 

sedimentation. Driving through 

water column with possible 

contamination of waters with oils 

and toxics, bacteria and noxious 

weeds, washed from vehicle or 

tires. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Oil 

and Floating Solids 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Toxics 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

R 70 Use ramped low water fords in debris 

flow susceptible streams. 

Debris flows piling against road fills, 

plugging culverts and overtopping and 

loss of road prism, or dam break flood 

wave scouring downstream habitat. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Road Use and Dust Abatement 

R 71 

Apply durable rock surfacing to 

withstand expected loads and traffic 

volume, and season of use. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Road rock breaking down to 

fines, and washing from roads to 

ditchlines to stream channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

R 72 

For winter hauling implement 

structural treatments such as: adjust 

frequency of cross-drain spacing, 

install sediment barriers or catch 

basins, apply gravel lifts or asphalt 

road surfacing at stream crossing 

approaches, and clean and armor 

ditchlines. 

Road ditchlines gaining 

water volume concentration, 

transporting soil material to 

stream channels, or sediment 

sources near channels that can 

flow overland during storms 

by sheetwash or rill erosion, 

depositing soil material into 

stream channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Suspend timber hauling during wet 

weather when road run-off delivers 

R 73 

sediment at higher concentrations 

than existing conditions in the 

receiving stream. Hauling could 

resume when ditch flow subsides, 

or when conditions allow turbidity 

standards to be met. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Road erosion with potential 

transport to the channel and 

floodplain. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Remove snow on haul roads 

R 74 

in a manner that will protect 

roads and adjacent resources. 

Remove or place snow berms to 

prevent water concentration on 

the roadway or on erodible sideslopes or soils. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Road erosion with potential 

transport to the channel and 

floodplain. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 75 

Wash equipment at sites with 

no potential for runoff into 

waterbodies, floodplains, or 

wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Soil 

erosion with potential transport 

to the channel and floodplain. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 76 

Use water or approved surface 

stabilizers/dust palliatives to reduce 

surfacing material loss and buildup of 

fine sediment that may wash off into 

waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Road surfacing becoming 

detached and blowing or 

washing from roadways to 

ditchlines to stream channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 15
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Maintenance 

R 77 

Avoid routine machine cleaning 

of ditches during the wet season, 

generally, November through May. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Removing 

vegetation or fill material from ditches 

in the wet season would increase 

bare soils susceptible to erosion, with 

potential delivery to stream channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

R 78 

Avoid undercutting of cut-slopes 

when cleaning ditchlines. Seed and 

mulch bare soils including cleaned 

ditchlines that are hydrologically 

connected to stream channels. 

Removing vegetation or 

fill material from ditches or 

undercutting backslopes would 

increase bare soils susceptible 

to erosion, with potential 

delivery to stream channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 79 

Remove slide material when it is 

obstructing road surface and ditchline 

drainage. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Slide 

material, being eroded by ditch 

streamflow and routing to stream 

channels, especially during storms. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 80 

End-haul sloughed or excavated 

materials to a stable site outside 

Riparian Management Areas with 

no potential to reach waterbodies, 

wetlands and floodplains. Avoid 

wasting loose ditch or surface material 

over the shoulder where 

it can cause stream sedimentation or 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Wasting soil material on steep 

slopes, may trigger a debris 

avalanche that could enter 

a stream channel, delivering 

sediment and debris. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

weaken slump prone areas. 

R 81 

Keep road inlet and outlet ditches, 

catch basins, and culverts free of 

obstructions, particularly before and 

during winter precipitation and spring 

run-off. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Plugged culverts by sediment and 

debris, leading to loss of road fill 

and movement of road sediment 

downstream. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

R 82 

Repair damaged inlets and 

downspouts to maintain drainage 

design capacity. 

Culverts plugged by sediment and 

debris, leading to loss of road fill 

and movement of road sediment 

downstream. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

R 83 

Avoid blading and shaping of road 

surfaces during the wet season, 

generally November through May. 

Loose aggregate and fines 

susceptible to erosion, with 

potential delivery to stream 

channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 84 

Blade and shape roads to conserve 

existing aggregate surface material, 

retain the original crowned or outsloped self-draining cross section, 

prevent or remove eroding berms 

except those designed for slope 

protection, and other irregularities that 

retard normal surface runoff. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Road erosion with potential 

transport to the channel and 

floodplain. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

R 85 Eliminate undesirable berms that 

retard surface runoff. 

Road erosion with potential 

transport to the channel and 

floodplain. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 86 

Retain low-growing, herbaceous 

ground cover and brush on 

cut-and-fill slopes. Where workable, 

retain ground cover in ditchlines, 

except where sediment deposition or 

obstructions require maintenance. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Increased vegetative cover 

rapidly diminishes surface erosion 

potential, and delivery of sediment to 

stream channels. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 16
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Road Stormproofing 

R 87 

Stormproof open or older roads 

with continued use, but infrequent 

maintenance. Stormproof new 

temporary roads, if over-winter. 

Stormproofing may involve: 

• Relieving inboard ditches more 

frequently. 

• Rocking road surfaces. 

• Seeding, mulching and re-vegetating 

erosion prone surfaces, where 

sediment delivery to stream 

channels may result. 

• Using erosion control/vegetative 

treatments under road 

decommissioning section. 

• Applying site-specific measures 

to alleviate concentration of road 

drainage causing erosion and 

sediment delivery to streams. 

Measures include: 

- Lowering risk of stream diversion 

potential at stream crossings 

- Upgrading stream crossing to pass 

the 100 year flood with allowance for 

debris and bedload 

- Removing or lowering unstable fills 

- Outsloping insloped ditch roads 

- Road drainage control to stable 

dissipation areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Chronic 

surface erosion with delivery to 

waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. Lower the risk of future 

large storm-related erosion, failures 

and sedimentation. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 88 

Suspend stormproofing work if rain 

saturates soils to the extent that there 

is potential for movement of sediment 

from the road to the stream. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion with delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 17
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Road Closure and Decommissioning 

Decommission new roads not included 

in the permanent road system upon 

completion of use 

R 89 

Decommission older, under used roads 

that require high maintenance. 

Road decommissioning may include 

any combination of the following 

measures: 

Closure: 

Close roads not needed, but 

not recommended to be fully 

decommissioned. When this measure 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

R 90 

is used by itself, it applies only to roads 

that do not significantly reroute hillslope 

drainage, involve stream channels, or 

present slope stability hazards. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Wheel 

track formation and rilling/gullying 

with delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Close roads using methods such as 

gates, guard rails, earth/log barricades, 

etc. to reduce or eliminate erosion and 

sedimentation due to traffic on roads. 

Biocriteria 

R 91 

Place woody material or other 

appropriate barriers to discourage 

off-highway vehicle use on 

decommissioned roads, unless 

specifically designated for this use. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion delivering to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Restore natural stream crossings 

and maintenance free drainage: Biocriteria 

R 92 

Convert existing drainage 

structures such as ditches and 

cross drain culverts to a longterm no maintenance drainage 

configuration such as large dips, 

outsloped road surface, and well 

drained, high-capacity waterbars. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Sediment accumulation or debris 

plugging cross drains causing road 

erosion. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: OAR 340-041-0011 

Sediment accumulation or Statewide Narrative Criteria 

R 93 

Remove stream crossing culverts and 

entire in-channel fill material during low 

flow (generally, June 15 to September 

15) prior to fall rains. 

debris plugging stream culverts, 

causing road gully erosion or 

stream crossing failure. Stream 

channels readjusting to active 

channel width, entraining road 

fill materials. 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 18
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 94 

Place excavated material from 

removed stream crossings in a stable 

location where it would not reenter the 

stream. If necessary, place sediment 

and erosion controls around all 

stockpiled material. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Surface erosion delivering to 

waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: OAR 340-041-0011 

R 95 

Reestablish stream crossings to the 

natural stream gradient. Excavate 

sideslopes back to a straight or slightly 

concave profile, generally less than 

50% gradient. Reestablish floodplains at 

bankfull height. 

Streambed nickpoints traveling 

upstream, scouring below the 

armor layer in gravel bed streams 

causing excessive channel 

erosion. Surface erosion delivering 

to waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

R 96 

Construct oversized waterbars or cross 

ditches that will remain functional on each 

side of stream crossings. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Surface erosion delivering to 

waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Erosion control and vegetative 

treatments: 

Apply erosion control, such as 

seeding and mulching, to all 

hydrologically connected road related 

bare soil surfaces, where erosion 

could occur, including streambanks 

and stream-adjacent side slopes 

following culvert removal. 

R 97 

Place sediment trapping materials 

such as straw bales and jute netting 

at the toe of stream-adjacent side 

slopes following culvert removal. 

Complete seeding and mulching 

erosion control work by October 15 of 

each year. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Surface 

erosion delivering to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

When straw mulch or rice straw mulch 

is used; require certified weed free, 

if readily available. Mulch shall be 

applied at no less than 2000 lbs/acre. 

Vegetative cuttings, shrubs and trees 

may be considered as needed for 

erosion control. Planting of shrubs 

and trees should occur during the 

winter dormant season. 

C – 19
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Decompaction: Biocriteria 

R 98 

Implement decompaction measures, 

including ripping or subsoiling to an 

effective depth; generally to 24-36 inches. 

Treat compacted areas including the 

roadbed, landings, construction areas, and 

spoils sites. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Water 

concentration eroding compacted 

surfaces resulting to sediment 

delivery to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

R 99 

Pull back/Obliteration: 

Pull back unstable road fill and 

either end-haul or recontour to 

the natural slopes. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Mass wasting resulting in sediment 

delivery to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria 

R 100 

Suspend decommissioning activities 

if rain saturates soils to the extent 

that there is potential for movement of 

sediment from the road to the stream. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Surface erosion delivering to 

waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Water Source Development and Use 

R 101 

Construct water sources during 

the lowest flows (generally, August 

through October). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Aquatic Habitat: 

Changing or removing stream 

habitat and associated stream 

turbidity. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 102 

Locate road approaches 

to in-stream water source 

developments so as to limit 

disturbance to vegetation and 

modification of streambanks. 

Surface these approaches with 

rock. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Toxins: 

Road surfacing, washing into the 

stream during storms. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 103 

Avoid use of road fills for water 

impoundment dams unless 

specifically designed for that 

purpose. Existing road fill 

impoundments are required 

to pass 100-year flood events 

without failure. Upgrade existing 

impoundments when economical to 

do so. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Toxins: 

Road fill washout, leading to stream 

sedimentation 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Road Building Waste Materials 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

R 104 

Direct pass through flow and/or 

overflow from in-channel and offchannel water developments back into 

the stream . 

Low Flows: 

Decreasing low flows, potentially 

causing increased stream water 

temperatures, and decreased stream 

oxygen levels. 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

C – 20
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

R 105 

Overflow from water harvesting ponds 

should be directed to a safe noneroding dissipation area, and not into a 

stream channel. 

Augmenting Streamflow: 

Detained water, potentially causing 

increased stream water temperatures, 

and decreased stream oxygen levels. 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature

 OAR 340-041-0028 

R 106 

Limit the construction of temporary 

pump chances. When intermittently 

pumping, use a temporary liner to 

create and remove these water 

drafting sites. Avoid interfering with fish 

passage or adverse effects on aquatic 

life. 

Low Flows: 

Decreasing low flows, potentially 

causing increased stream water 

temperatures, and decreased stream 

oxygen levels. 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

R 107 

Do not place pump intakes on the 

substrate or edges of the stream 

channel. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Stream Habitat: 

Changing or removing stream 

habitat and associated stream 

turbidity. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 21
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Timber Harvest Activities 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-2. Best Management Practices For Timber Harvest Activities 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Cable Yarding 

TH 1 

Remove slash introduced into 

waterbodies that may be floatable e.g. 

limbs, tops,before the next precipitation 

and runoff event. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Debris jams can form damming the 

stream and directing streamflow 

against banks, leading to bank 

erosion or a dam break flood. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) 

and(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 2 

Design yarding corridors so as 

to limit canopy loss in Riparian 

Management Areas and to meet 

shade targets. Techniques include 

limiting the number of such 

corridors, using narrow 

widths, and using a perpendicular 

orientation to the stream. 

Water Temperature: 

Yarding corridors in RMA’s can 

result in vegetation canopy loss due 

to removal for safety and yarding 

operations. Decreases in canopy can 

result in losses of effective shade and 

exposure of stream channel to solar 

radiation, resulting in heating of the 

waterbody. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) 

and(13) 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

TH 3 

Where workable, require full 

suspension over flowing streams, nonflowing streams with erodible bed and 

bank, and jurisdictional wetlands. 

Log yarding through waterbodies can 

cause direct introduction of sediment 

into water or channels resulting 

in accumulation of sediment and 

turbidity. Displacement of stream and 

wetland bed and banks exposing soil 

to erosion resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 4 

Limit downhill logging into Riparian 

Management Areas where yarding 

trails can converge, and potentially 

intersect the stream network. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Downhill 

logging into RMA’s could result in 

converging skid paths intersecting 

stream channels, with less than full 

suspension, which could result in 

sediment accumulation, delivery and 

turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) 

and(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 5 

Where slopes exceed 60 percent 

along stream channels, yard with full 

suspension, or one-end suspension 

using seasonal restrictions. Yard 

remaining areas using one-end 

suspension. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Slopes 

greater than 60% present a high 

risk of soil displacement and 

transport downslope to RMAs due 

to gravitational forces. Increased 

displacement from lack of log 

suspension can cause excessive 

displacement, exposure of sediment 

sources and delivery to waterbodies 

and wetlands. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) 

and(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 6 

Implement erosion control measures 

such as waterbars, slash placement 

and seeding in cable yarding corridors 

where the potential for erosion and 

delivery to waterbodies, floodplains 

and wetlands exists. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Exposure 

of soils to erosive forces of water with 

potential delivery to waterbodies and 

wetlands. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) 

and(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 22
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Ground-Based Harvesting 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

TH 7 

Exclude equipment from Riparian 

Management Area retention areas (60 

feet from the edge of the active stream 

channel for fishbearing and perennial 

streams, lakes and ponds, and 35 feet 

for intermittent streams), except for 

road crossings, restoration, wildfire, or 

similar operational reasons. 

Displacement and exposure of soils 

through equipment operation with 

potential delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Temperature: 

Loss of vegetation canopy due to 

removal during yarding operations. 

Decreased shade and exposure of 

stream channel to solar radiation and 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-002 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

increased heating. 

TH 8 Exclude ground-based equipment on 

hydric soils. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 9 

Plan use on existing and new skid 

trails, to be less than 12 percent of the 

harvest area. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 10 

Limit width of skid roads to what 

is operationally necessary for the 

equipment. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 11 

Ensure one-end suspension of logs; 

(e.g. integral arch on all conventional 

ground-base yarding equipment). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 12 

Restrict ground-based harvest and 

skidding operations to periods of 

low soil moisture when soils have 

resistance to compaction and 

displacement. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 13 

As a first priority, use ground-based 

equipment on existing compacted 

surfaces. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 23
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

TH 14 

Limit conventional ground-based 

equipment to slopes less than 35 

percent. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, and 

exposure of soils through equipment 

operation with potential for increased 

runoff and delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 15 

When specialized ground-based 

mechanized equipment is used on 

slopes greater than 35%, monitor 

use, and restrict where water and 

sediment could channel overland. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction, displacement, 

and exposure of soils through 

equipment operation with potential 

for increased runoff and delivery of 

sediment to waterbodies resulting in 

sedimentation and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 16 

Designate skid trails where 

water from trail surface would 

not be channeled into unstable 

areas adjacent to waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Compaction of skid trails resulting in 

additional surface flow to unstable 

areas. Increases in water to unstable 

areas can elevate pore pressure and 

weight of unstable area causing mass 

wasting and delivery of sediment and 

turbidity to waterbodies and wetlands. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 17 

When hand falling, directionally 

fall trees towards skid trails. 

When mechanically harvesting, 

directionally fall and bunch trees to 

facilitate skidding. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Minimize 

compaction of skid trails resulting in 

loss of infiltration, surface water flow 

and erosion of exposed soils. 

Potential delivery to waterbodies and 

wetlands resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 18 

Apply erosion control practices 

to skid roads and other disturbed 

areas with potential for erosion and 

subsequent sediment delivery to 

waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands. 

These practices could include 

seeding, mulching, water barring, 

tillage, and woody debris placement. 

Use guidelines from the road 

decommissioning section. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Exposure 

of soils to erosive forces of water with 

potential delivery to waterbodies and 

wetlands. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 19 Construct waterbars on skid trails 

using guidelines in Table C-5. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Exposure of soils to erosive 

forces of water with potential 

delivery to waterbodies and 

wetlands. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 20 

Allow logging on snow when snow 

depth is greater than 18 inches or over 

frozen ground. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Displacement, compaction, 

and exposure of soils through 

equipment operation with 

potential delivery of sediment 

to waterbodies resulting in 

sedimentation and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1)&(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 24
 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

TH 21 Block skid roads that intersect haul 

roads at the end of seasonal use. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Displacement, compaction, 

and exposure of soils through 

equipment operation with 

potential delivery of sediment 

to waterbodies resulting in 

sedimentation and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1)&(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 22 

Where feasible in dry forest types, 

plan one entry operations, by 

combining ground-based timber 

harvesting with pre-commercial 

thinning, and/or biomass opportunities, 

or reducing fuel loading. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Displacement, compaction, 

and exposure of soils through 

multiple-entry equipment 

operations with potential delivery 

of sediment to waterbodies 

resulting in sedimentation and 

turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1)

 Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011

 Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1)&(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Helicopter 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

TH 23 

Consider the use of helicopter 

or aerial logging systems for 

unavoidable water quality impacts 

from road construction or groundbased timber yarding, where other 

BMPs would be more costly or have 

limited effectiveness. 

Soil exposure due to road construction or yarding operations resulting in 

soil erosion with potential transport to 

the waterbody resulting in sedimentation and turbidity. 

Temperature: 

Loss of vegetation canopy due to 

removal during yarding operations. 

Decreased shade and exposure of 

stream channel to solar radiation and 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1) and (13) 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

increased heating. 

Horse 

TH 24 

Within Riparian Management Areas, 

limit horse logging to slopes less than 

20 percent. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Soil on skid trails exposed to water 

erosion with potential delivery to 

waterbodies, floodplains, and wetlands 

resulting in sedimentation and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

TH 25 

Construct waterbars on horse skid 

trails when there is potential for soil 

erosion and delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Soil on skid trails exposed to water 

erosion with potential delivery to 

waterbodies, floodplains, and wetlands 

resulting in sedimentation and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007 (1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

C – 25
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Silvicultural Activities 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards additional details about the standards and regulations that 

are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-3. Best Management Practices For Planting, Pre-Commercial Thinning, 

Fertilization, And Stand Conversion 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Planting 

S 1 

Limit the crossing of stream channels 

with motorized support vehicles (e.g., 

ATV’s) and mechanized equipment to 

existing road crossings. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Vehicle 

and equipment crossing streams can 

cause breakdown of bed and banks 

exposing soil to water erosion and 

resulting turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Pre-Commercial Thinning 

S 2 

Limit the crossing of stream channels 

with motorized support vehicles (e.g., 

ATV’s) and mechanized equipment to 

existing road crossings. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Vehicle 

and equipment crossing streams can 

cause breakdown of bed and banks 

exposing soil to water erosion and 

resulting turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

S 3 Fell thinned trees away from 

stream channels when possible. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Accumulation of slash in channels 

can redirect flows out of the stream 

channel, increasing stress on banks 

and resulting in streambank and 

floodplain erosion and increases in 

local turbidity 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 S 4 

Scatter treatment debris on disturbed 

soils and water bar any yarding trails 

that could erode and deposit sediment 

in water bodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Erosion 

of exposed soil and delivery to 

waterbodies and wetlands resulting in 

turbidity increases. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Fertilization

 S 5 

For streams and waterbodies that 

support domestic use, apply fertilizer 

further than 100 feet from the edge of 

the active channel or shoreline. 

Nitrate leaching to surface and 

groundwater affecting domestic water 

use. 

10 mg/L nitrate nitrogen for 

domestic water supply

 EPA 440/5-86-001 

S 6 

Locate storage, transfer, and loading 

sites outside Riparian Management 

Areas and separated from 

hydrological connections: (eg road 

ditches that are linked to stream 

channels). 

Nutrient Enrichment: 

Spilling of fertilizer with potential 

delivery of nutrients to waterbodies and 

wetlands through leaching or direct 

surface water transport. 

0.5 mg/L toxic to rainbow 

trout 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Nutrient Enrichment: 

S 7 

When aerially applying fertilizer, 

avoid drift of fertilizer into 

waterbodies 

Application of Nitrate to potentially 

nitrogen rich riparian areas, leading to 

leaching and delivery of nitrates through 

local groundwater to and water bodies. 

0.5 mg/L toxic to rainbow trout 

Biocriteria 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

C – 26
 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

S 8 

When aerially applying fertilizer, 

suspend fertilizer application when 

heavy precipitation is expected at 

the time of application. 

Nutrient Enrichment: 

Application of Nitrate to potentially 

nitrogen rich riparian areas, leading to 

leaching and delivery of nitrates through 

local groundwater to and water bodies. 

0.5 mg/L toxic to rainbow trout 

Biocriteria 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

Stand Conversion Restoration

 S 9 

Within Riparian Management Areas, 

design size, shape and placement of 

restoration areas, to maintain as much 

effective shade as possible. 

Water Temperature: 

Decreases in canopy can result in 

losses of effective shade and exposure 

of stream channel to solar radiation, 

resulting in heating of the waterbody. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1) and (13) 

Temperature

 OAR 340-041-0028

 S 10 

Within Riparian Management Areas, 

limit mechanical ground-based 

equipment to slopes less than 35% and 

beyond 35 feet from the edge of the 

active stream channel. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Displacement and exposure of soils 

through equipment operation with 

potential delivery of sediment to 

waterbodies resulting in sedimentation 

and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 

(1) and (13) 

Temperature

 OAR 340-041-0028 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

C – 27
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Fire and Fuels Management 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-4. Best Management Practices For Fire And Fuels Management 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Underburn, Concentration Burn, and Broadcast Burn

 F 1 

Allow low intensity underburns to back into 

Riparian Management Areas; however 

no ignition would occur within Riparian 

Management Areas, unless prescribed for 

restoration purposes. 

Keep broadcast burns and concentration 

burns out of Riparian Management Areas, 

unless prescribed for restoration purposes, 

(e.g. sudden oak death sanitation). 

Locate ignition lines above large open 

meadows associated with stream channels, 

unless prescribed for restoration. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, 

and Temperature: 

Bare soil in RMA is subject to 

surface erosion and potential 

sediment delivery to adjacent 

waterbody. 

Loss of riparian vegetation 

due to wildfire could reduce 

shade and increase water 

temperature. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 F 2 

Avoid underburning in dry forest types, 

where fuel loads are elevated, by 

encouraging whole tree yarding. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Underburning in dry forest types 

with heavy fuel loading could 

result in soil exposure and 

tree mortality resulting in soil 

erosion with potential transport 

to the waterbody resulting in 

sedimentation and turbidity. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007 (1) 

and 

(13) 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 F 3 

Avoid ignition of large woody material 

that is touching the high water mark of a 

waterbody or that may be affected by high 

flows. 

Coarse and Fine 

Sediment: Large wood 

provides channel 

stabilization and energy 

dissipation, thus reducing 

channel erosion and 

subsequent sedimentation. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 F 4 

Avoid delivery of foam or additives to 

waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands. 

Store and dispose of ignition devices/ 

materials (e.g., flares, plastic 

spheres, etc.) outside Riparian 

Management Areas or a minimum 

of 100 feet from waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. 

Maintain and refuel equipment (e.g., 

drip torches, chainsaws) a minimum 

of 100 feet from waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. Portable 

pumps can be refueled on-site within 

a spill containment system. 

Chemicals: 

Direct 

contamination of 

waterbodies. 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033 

C – 28
 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations

 F 5 

Limit firelines inside Riparian Management 

Areas. 

Construct firelines by hand on all slopes 

greater than 35 percent. 

Use erosion control techniques such as 

tilling, waterbarring, or debris placement on 

firelines. Construct waterbars on tractor and 

hand firelines. 

Avoid placement of any fireline where 

water would be directed into waterbodies, 

floodplains, wetlands, headwalls, or areas of 

instability. 

Coarse and Fine 

Sediment: Firelines 

can channel water and 

sediment into waterbodies. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Pile and Burn 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Ground disturbance 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

F 6 

Avoid mechanical piling in areas that 

could deliver sediment to waterbodies, 

floodplains, wetlands. 

reduces infiltration and 

increases surface runoff with 

subsequent soil movement. 

Erosion more likely on 

steeper slopes. 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Mechanical and Manual Fuel Treatments 

F 7 

No mechanical fuel reduction equipment 

within 60’ of streams, unless prescribed for 

restoration. 

Limit mechanical fuel reduction equipment 

to slopes less than 35 percent. Restrict nontrack mechanized equipment to slopes less 

than 20 percent. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Ground-based equipment 

reduces infiltration and 

increases surface runoff with 

subsequent soil movement. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

F 8 

Use temporary stream crossings if 

necessary to access the opposite side 

with any equipment or vehicles (including 

ATVs). Follow Temporary Stream Crossing 

practices under Roads section. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Stream crossings subject 

to streambank damage and 

erosion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

F 9 Place residual slash on disturbed 

areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil areas are subject 

to erosion and subsequent 

sediment delivery to waterbody. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 F 10 

Maintain and refuel equipment 

(e.g., drip torches, chainsaws) a 

minimum of 100 feet from waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. Portable 

pumps can be refueled on-site within a 

spill containment system. 

Petroleum Products: Direct 

contamination of waterbodies. 

Toxic Substances

 OAR 340-041-0033 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

C – 29
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Wildfire Suppression 

 F 11 

Limit firelines inside Riparian Management 

Areas. 

Where hand constructed firelines are 

necessary in Riparian Management Areas, 

angle the approach, where feasible, rather 

than have it perpendicular to the Riparian 

Management Area. 

Limit use of heavy equipment on slopes 

greater than 35 percent. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Ground-based equipment 

reduces infiltration and 

increases surface runoff with 

subsequent soil movement. Soil 

disturbance causes soil erosion 

and potential for soil movement 

to waterbody. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 F 12 

Prevent cutting of logs or woody material if 

any portion of that material extends into the 

stream channel, unless for restoration. 

Fall snags in the Riparian Management Area 

towards the stream channel when felling is 

necessary for safety or fire 

suppression activities. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Stream bank or channel 

erosion, caused by destabilizing 

banks and affecting water flow 

against debris, diminishing 

stream complexity with possible 

effects on aquatic life. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

F13 

Avoid locating incident bases, camps, 

helibases, staging areas, constructed 

helispots, and other centers for incident 

activities in Riparian Management Areas or 

within 200 feet of any waterbody, floodplain, 

or wetland. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, , 

Temperature, and Petroleum 

Products: 

Riparian disturbance from 

equipment and people could 

increase sediment. Removal of 

riparian vegetation could cause 

water temperature increases. 

Accidental spillage of fuel and 

other chemicals could enter 

waterways. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

F 14 

Locate and maintain portable sanitation 

facilities at incident bases, camps (including 

spike/ remote camps), helibases, staging 

areas, constructed helispots, and other 

centers for incident activities in accordance 

Bacteria: 

Contamination from human 

waste. 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

with state and local regulations. 

Keep chemical retardant, foam, or additives 

out of waterbodies, floodplains, or wetlands. 

F 15 

Keep wildland fire chemicals further than 300 

feet from lakes, ponds, seeps, and perennial 

and intermittent streams (FA-IM-2008-029). 

Avoid use of chemical retardants within the 

Riparian Management Area. 

Chemical Retardants: 

Contamination of waterbodies 

from chemical retardant. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

Toxic Substances 

Apply aerial retardant adjacent to Riparian 

Management Areas by making parallel 

OAR 340-041-0033 

passes. 

C – 30
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Rehabilitation 

F 16 

Implement emergency fire rehabilitation 

treatments to accomplish erosion control 

as quickly as possible and before the wet 

season. 

Soil and water conservation practices may 

include: 

Native or other ecologically appropriate 

vegetation for short-term cover development 

and long-term recovery, unless not available 

in quantities necessary for the emergency 

response. 

Mulch with straw, wood chips, or other 

suitable material. To avoid contamination 

when mulching, use certified weed-free straw 

mulch or rice straw where available. 

Straw wattles. 

Log erosion barriers. 

Spreading slash on bare soils. 

Placing channel stabilization structures. 

Coarse and Fine 

Sediment: 

Bare soil areas are 

subject to erosion and 

subsequent sediment 

delivery to streams and 

waterbodies. Sediment 

transfer hazard within 

channels, if sediment 

appreciably moves 

off-site to important 

downstream waters. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Placing sediment retention structures in 

channel. 

Placing trash racks above road drainage 

structures. 

Installing drainage structures, such as 

water bars or drainage dips, on firelines, fire 

roads, and other cleared areas according to 

guidelines in Table 5 (Waterbar spacing by 

gradient and erosion class). 

Repairing damaged road drainage facilities. 

Blocking or decommission roads and trails. 

C – 31
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Post-Fire Road Improvement 

F 17 

Implement emergency fire rehabilitation 

treatments to accomplish erosion control 

as quickly as possible and before the wet 

season. 

Soil and water conservation practices may 

include: 

Reduce road system hydrologic conductivity. 

Increase peak flow capacity of stream 

crossing culverts to accommodate the 100-

year design flood. 

Prevent culvert plugging. 

Correct stream diversions. 

Coarse and Fine 

Sediment: 

Erosion and runoff 

from bare soil areas 

onto roads and 

increased truck traffic 

from salvage logging 

causing sediment 

delivery to streams and 

waterbodies. Sediment 

and debris reducing 

stream crossing 

drainage structures 

capacity, increasing risk 

for failure with flooding. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Excavate potential fillslope failures. 

Fuel/Retardant Transport 

F 18 

If more than 42 gallons of fuel or combined 

quantity of petroleum product and chemical 

substances, as project materials, would be 

transported to a project site, the following 

precautions would be implemented. 

1. Plan a safe route and transfer sites that 

could contain the transported volume. 

2. Plan an active dispatch system 

that can relay the information to 

appropriate resources. 

3. Ensure a spill containment kit that 

can absorb and contain 55 gallons 

of petroleum product and chemical 

substances is readily available. 

4. Provide for immediate notification 

in the event of a spill. Have a radio 

equipped vehicle lead the chemical or 

fuel truck to the project site. 

5. Assemble a spill notification list 

that includes the district hazardous 

materials coordinator, DEQ, and spill 

clean-up contractors. 

6. Construct a water user contact list with 

address and phone numbers. 

7. When operating within Source Water 

Watersheds, pre-estimate travel times 

through the watershed to predict 

downstream arrival 

times. 

8. Be prepared to sample water and carry 

sample containers. 

Petroleum and Chemical 

Substances: 

Spillage into waterbodies 

with chemical 

contamination of 

waterbodies. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative OAR 

340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033 

C – 32
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

Table C-5. Waterbar Spacing By Gradient And Erosion Class 

Gradient Waterbar Spacing (feet)a Per Erosion Classb 

High Class Moderate Class Low Class 

2 to 5% 200 ft. 300 ft. 400 ft. 

6 to 10% 150 ft. 200 ft. 300 ft. 

11 to 15% 100 ft. 150 ft. 200 ft. 

16 to 20% 75 ft. 100 ft. 150 ft. 

21 to 35% 50 ft. 75 ft. 100 ft. 

36+% 50 ft. 50 ft. 50 ft. a Spacing is determined by slope distance and is the maximum allowed for the grade. 

b The erosion classes include the following rock types: 

High: granite, sandstone, andesite porphyry, glacial or alluvial deposits, soft matrix conglomerate, volcanic ash, and pyroclastics 

Moderate: basalt, andesite, quartzite, hard matrix conglomerate, and rhyolite 

Low: metasediments, metavolcanics, and hard shale 

C – 33
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Surface Source Water for Drinking Water 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-6. Best Management Practices For Surface Source Water For Drinking Water 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

SW 1 

Sanitary facilities would be planned, 

located, designed, constructed, 

operated, inspected, and maintained 

to minimize possibilities of water 

contamination. 

Bacteria: 

Fecal Coliform enrichment of local 

groundwater and surface water with 

delivery to downstream drinking water 

diversion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

SW 2 

Locate contractor camps outside 

Oregon Department of Environmental 

Quality sensitive zones in surface 

source water watersheds. If this is 

not possible, require self-contained 

sanitary facilities. 

Bacteria: 

Fecal Coliform enrichment of local 

groundwater and surface water with 

delivery to downstream drinking water 

diversion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

SW 3 

Require self-contained sanitary 

facilities in surface source water 

watersheds, when long-term camping 

(greater than 14 days) is involved with 

contract implementation. 

Bacteria: 

Fecal Coliform enrichment of local 

groundwater and surface water with 

delivery to downstream drinking water 

diversion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

SW 4 

Provide self-contained sanitary 

facilities when there is high 

recreational use (almost continuous 

occupancy) within Oregon Department 

of Environmental Quality sensitive 

zones or along streams above 

domestic water diversions of record. 

Bacteria: 

Fecal Coliform enrichment of local 

groundwater and surface water with 

delivery to downstream drinking water 

diversion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

SW 5 

Locate pack, riding, restoration, and 

logging stock facilities 200 feet away 

from watercourses upstream of source 

drinking diversions. 

Bacteria: 

Fecal Coliform enrichment of local 

groundwater and surface water with 

delivery to downstream drinking water 

diversion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

SW 6 

Do not allow surface occupancy within 

200 feet of a recorded domestic or 

public drinking water diversion. 

Bacteria: 

Fecal Coliform enrichment of local 

groundwater and surface water with 

delivery to downstream drinking water 

diversion. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033 

C – 34
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations

 SW 7 

Do not apply sewage 

sludge as a soil amendment in surface 

source water watersheds, above 

Domestic Water diversions of record, 

or within Riparian Management Areas. 

Toxic Pollutants: 

Leaching and surface water 

movement can transport toxics and 

bacteria downstream to water supply 

diversions. Some domestic supplies 

have no ability to detect or treat this 

pollution. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and 

(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033

 SW 8 

Avoid loading, or storing chemical, 

fuel, or fertilizer in sensitive zones in 

surface source water watersheds. 

Toxic Pollutants, Oil, Gas, and 

Nutrients: 

Leaks, spills, and improper handling 

of pesticides, herbicides and 

petroleum products can leach or 

be transported by surface water to 

drinking water diversion points. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033

 SW 9 

Conduct equipment maintenance 

outside site- specific sensitive zones in 

surface source water watersheds. 

Toxic Pollutants, Oil, and Gas: 

Leaks, spills, and improper handling 

petroleum products can leach or 

be transported by surface water to 

drinking water diversion points. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033

 SW 10 Use non-oil-based dust suppressants 

in surface source water watersheds. 

Toxic Pollutants, Oil, and Gas: 

Leaks, spills, and improper 

application of oil based dust control 

products can introduce petroleum 

products to surface water and to 

drinking water diversion points. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033

 SW 11 

Avoid mineral lease surface occupancy 

within sensitive zones in surface 

source water watersheds. 

Toxic Pollutants, Oil, and Gas: 

Leachate from mineral operations 

or equipment use may contain 

chemicals and wastes that are 

transported and delivered to drinking 

water diversion points. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033

Toxic Pollutants: 

Direct application of fire retardant 

and surfactants to waterbodies 

 SW 12 

Use fire retardant and surfactants as a 

last resort in fire suppression activities 

in surface source water watersheds. 

above drinking water intakes can 

cause delivery of Nitrate reaching 

concentrations as high as 33 mg/L, 

well above the primary water quality 

standard of 1 mg/L. The main 

chemical of concern in streams 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and(13) 

Toxic Substances 

24 hours after a retardant drop is 

un-ionized ammonia (NH3) is the 

principal toxic component to aquatic 

species. 

OAR 340-041-0033 

C – 35
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Recreation 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-7. Best Management Practices For Recreation 

BMP Input Variables and Water Quality Standards 

Number Best Management Practices Causal Mechanisms and Regulations 

All Recreation Facilities 

REC 1 

Implement erosion control measures 

on all recreation sites to stabilize 

exposed soils. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Minimize 

sediment delivery to wetlands, 

floodplains, and waterbodies. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 2 

Locate new recreational facilities, 

developed and dispersed sites, 

outside of the water influence area. 

Low impact uses, such as hiking 

trails, picnic sites, or water dependent 

facilities (e.g., boat ramps or docks), 

are excluded. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Minimize sediment delivery resulting 

from surface erosion. 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 Developed Recreation Sites

Sealed vault toilets will be used at Bacteria: 

 REC 3 

all developed recreational facilities, 

unless a sewage system and drainfield 

is approved by the Department of 

Environmental Quality. 

Bacterial pollution from improperly 

constructed sanitation facilities could 

be injurious to the health of humans 

and aquatic organisms. 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Bacteria: 

REC 4 Construct and maintain refuse disposal 

sites to avoid water contamination. 

Bacteria could enter surface and 

groundwater if garbage is not 

disposed of properly. 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-

REC 5 

When conducting recreation site 

maintenance, do not cut logs or coarse 

woody debris if any portion 

of that material extends in the active 

stream channel. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Sediment storage, streambank 

stability, and reduction of turbidity. 

004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and (13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036

 Water Dependent Facilities

 REC 6 Construct boat ramps and approaches 

with hardened surfaces. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Impacts to streambanks, turbidity 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Off-Highway Vehicle (OHV) Trails 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, Bacteria 

and Pathogens, Oil, and Toxins: Biocriteria

 OAR 340-041-0011 

REC 7 

Use existing hardened stream 

crossings to the extent possible when 

constructing trails through Riparian 

Management Areas. 

OHVs accessing streams at multiple 

points, breaking down banks, 

disturbing stream substrate, causing 

turbidity and stream sedimentation. 

Driving through water column with 

possible contamination of waters with 

oils and toxics, bacteria and noxious 

weeds, washed from OHV or tires. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Oil and Floating Solids

 OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Toxics

 OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 36
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

REC 8 

When constructing or maintaining trails 

within Riparian Management Areas, 

do not cut logs or coarse woody debris 

if any portion of that material extends 

into the active stream channel. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Stream bank or channel erosion, 

caused by destabilizing banks and 

affecting water flow against debris, 

diminishing stream complexity with 

possible effects on aquatic life. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-

004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) 

and (13) 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 9 

Avoid vehicle and off-highway vehicle 

use in streams, ponds, wetlands, and 

other waters. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and Toxic 

Pollutants: 

Direct delivery of sediment and/or 

petroleum based fluids from vehicles 

is unnecessary degradation of waters 

of the State. 

Toxic substances 

OAR 430-041-0033 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 10 

Stream crossings would be designed 

to accommodate active channel width, 

bed load, and fish passage without 

exceeding capacity or diversion for the 

100-year flood event. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Floodwaters exceeding crossing 

capacity, causing overtopping of fills, 

with ensuing headcutting and loss of 

trail fill. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Sediment, Adverse Deposits 

OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 11 

Suspend construction or maintenance 

of trails, where erosion and runoff into 

waterbodies would occur. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

from trail related run-off causing 

stream turbidity. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Biocriteria

 OAR 340-041-0011 

REC 12 

Locate staging areas outside Riparian 

Management Areas. Design or 

upgrade staging areas to prevent 

sediment/pollutant delivery to 

wetlands, floodplains, and waterbodies 

(e.g., rocking or hardening). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and Toxic 

Pollutants: 

Sediment or petroleum products 

reaching streams with effects on 

aquatic life. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Oil and Floating Solids

 OAR 340-041-0007 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

Toxics

 OAR 340-041-0007 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 13 

Harden trail approaches to stream 

crossings using materials such as 

geotextile fabric and crushed rock 

aggregate. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

reaching waterbodies from trail runoff. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

REC 14 

Drain dips will be installed on 

approaches to stream crossings and 

reinforced with rock for longevity. 

from trail related run-off, run-off 

from trail surfaces with delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands resulting in turbidity and 

sedimentation. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 15 

Do not use chemically treated wood 

that would cause water quality 

degredation in construction of bridges 

over streams, where materials are in 

contact with the stream or may leach 

into the soil or water. 

Toxic Pollutants: 

Leaching of harmful chemicals from 

treated wood into waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Toxic substances 

OAR 430-041-0033 

REC 16 

During construction, perennial stream 

crossings may require a temporary 

flow diversion structure through the 

work area. (See Roads Section for 

Stream Crossing BMPs.) 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Exposed soils may be vulnerable 

to erosion and sediment 

deposition into streams. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 37
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

REC 17 

Prevent vehicle access to nearby 

wetlands by using suitable 

barriers. 

Defining trail route may prevent 

development of new trails into 

fragile areas susceptible to 

compaction and sediment transport 

to water resources. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 18 

Where trails intersect road ditches, 

provide hardened crossings. 

Divert water from the trail to 

keep from reaching wetlands, 

floodplains, and waterbodies. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment 

Exposed soils may be vulnerable 

to erosion, resulting in deposition 

to road ditches that could flow into 

nearby streams. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 19 

If trail width is too wide for the 

designated use (such as old roads 

converted to trails) consider tilling 

one side of the trail, covering with 

brush, and seeding or planting. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Wider trails are more prone to 

erosion and sediment delivery to 

waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 20 

Repair rills and gullies using 

appropriately sized equipment or 

by hand. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Unless tread erosion is maintained 

regularly, erosion escalates and 

can route sediment to waterbodies 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

REC 21 

Waterbars, drain dips, and lead 

off ditches will be constructed or 

repaired as needed. These features 

may need rock reinforcement to 

promote longevity. Drain dips or leadoff features are the preferred design. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Drainage features can erode 

and gully and route run-off into 

streams resulting in sediment 

delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

 REC 22 

Drain dips or lead off ditches will 

be constructed on steeper gradient 

trails and approaches to stream 

crossings. 

Water volume concentration can 

occur, where there are insufficient 

drain dips or lead off ditches, with 

erosion and gullying, resulting in 

sediment delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036

 Trails (Hiking) 

REC 23 

When constructing or maintaining 

trails within Riparian Management 

Areas, do not cut logs or coarse 

woody debris if any portion of that 

material extends into the active 

stream channel. Use alternative 

passage options, such as earthen 

ramps, small notch steps, or slight 

trail realignments, to facilitate 

maintenance of intact logs. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Stream bank or channel erosion, 

caused by destabilizing banks and 

affecting water flow against debris, 

diminishing stream complexity with 

possible effects on aquatic life. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-

004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

0007(1) and (13) 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Trail Closure

 REC 24 

Remove existing stream 

crossings or bridges. (See Road 

Decommissioning. BMPs.) 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Unmaintained crossings can 

plug,with debris, fail and deliver 

sediment to streams. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 38
 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality Standards 

and Regulations 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

REC 25 

Position fill or waste material in 

a location that would avoid direct 

or indirect sediment discharges 

to streams or wetlands. 

Waste material is vulnerable 

to erosion until vegetation is 

established, or erosion control 

measures are taken, resulting in 

sediment delivery to waterbodies, 

floodplains and wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

REC 26 

Restored stream banks would be 

planted with native vegetation, 

mulched, and planted with water 

tolerant species where appropriate. 

Exposed soils are vulnerable 

to erosion in storm events and/ 

or periods of high stream flows, 

resulting in sediment delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains and 

wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Unrestricted access to 

REC 27 Barricade and brush in closed 

trails with nearby vegetation. 

unmaintained or abandoned 

trails can result in rill and gully 

erosion and sediment delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Dispersed Recreation 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Soil disturbance close 

REC 28 

Site camps for permitted group 

overnight camping would be 

greater than 100 feet from surface 

water. 

to streams can result in 

sedimentation. Lack of 

developed and maintained 

sanitation facilities poses a risk 

of fecal coliform contamination 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

to waterbodies by direct contact 

or leaching. 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

C – 39
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Grazing 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-8. Best Management Practices For Grazing 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

G 1 

Fence water developments, including 

springs and seeps, unless other 

methods are available. Pipe overflow 

away from the developed source 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, 

Bacteria, Dissolved Oxygen, 

Temperature, and Biocriteria: 

Concentrated livestock use near/ 

within spring, seep areas resulting 

in overgrazing and subsequent 

loss of riparian vegetation, soil 

erosion, loss of shade and 

increases in summer stream 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-04l-0004 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

area. water temperature, reduction 

in summer dissolved oxygen, 

delivery of bacteria and nutrients, 

with potential effects upon aquatic 

communities. 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

G 2 

Do not locate salting areas within 1⁄4 

mile of permanent water sources or 

Riparian Management Areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, 

Bacteria, Dissolved Oxygen, 

Temperature, and Biocriteria: 

Concentrated livestock use near/ 

within spring, seep areas resulting 

in overgrazing and subsequent 

loss of riparian vegetation, soil 

erosion, loss of shade and 

increases in summer stream 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-04l-0004 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

water temperature, reduction 

in summer dissolved oxygen, 

delivery of bacteria and nutrients, 

with potential effects upon aquatic 

communities. 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

G 3 

Locate new livestock handling or 

management facilities (corrals, 

pens, or holding pastures) outside 

Riparian Management Areas or 200 

feet from waterbodies and on level 

ground where drainage would not 

enter surface waters. 

If existing livestock handling 

facilities inside Riparian 

Management Areas do not meet 

water quality through use of 

BMPs, relocate or remove such 

facilities away from Riparian 

Management Areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, 

Bacteria, Dissolved Oxygen, 

Temperature, and Biocriteria: 

Concentrated livestock use near/ 

within spring, seep areas resulting 

in overgrazing and subsequent 

loss of riparian vegetation, soil 

erosion, loss of shade and 

increases in summer stream 

water temperature, reduction 

in summer dissolved oxygen, 

delivery of bacteria and nutrients, 

with potential effects upon aquatic 

communities. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-04l-0004 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 40
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Apply specific grazing strategies 

for riparian wetland areas, 

including timing, intensity, or 

exclusion for maintenance of 

proper functioning condition. 

Use one or more of the following 

features: 

Inclusion of the waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands within a 

separate pasture. 

Fence or herd livestock out of 

waterbodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands for as long as necessary to 

allow vegetation to recover. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, 

Bacteria, Dissolved Oxygen, 

Temperature, and Biocriteria: 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-04l-0004 

G 4 

Control the timing and intensity 

of grazing to keep livestock off 

streambanks when they are most 

vulnerable to damage and to coincide 

with the physiological needs of target 

plant species. 

Concentrated livestock use near/ 

within spring, seep areas resulting 

in overgrazing and subsequent 

loss of riparian vegetation, soil 

erosion, loss of shade and 

increases in summer stream 

water temperature, reduction 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature 

Add more rest to the grazing 

cycle to increase plant vigor, allow 

streambanks to revegetate, or 

encourage more desirable plant 

in summer dissolved oxygen, 

delivery of bacteria and nutrients, 

with potential effects upon aquatic 

communities. 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

species composition. 

Limit grazing intensity to a level 

that will maintain desired species 

composition and vigor. 

Permanently exclude livestock from 

those waterbodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands areas that are at high risk 

and have poor recovery potential, 

and when there is no practical way to 

protect them while grazing adjacent 

uplands. 

G 5 

Recover degraded waterbodies 

through adjustments to forage 

utilization levels, improved livestock 

distribution, and management 

through fencing, vegetation 

treatments, water source 

developments, or changes in season 

of use or livestock numbers. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, 

Bacteria, Dissolved Oxygen, 

Temperature, and Biocriteria: 

Concentrated livestock use near/ 

within spring, seep areas resulting 

in overgrazing and subsequent 

loss of riparian vegetation, soil 

erosion, loss of shade and 

increases in summer stream 

water temperature, reduction 

in summer dissolved oxygen, 

delivery of bacteria and nutrients, 

with potential effects upon aquatic 

communities. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-04l-0004 

Bacteria 

OAR 340-041-0009 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Dissolved Oxygen 

OAR 340-041-0016 

Temperature 

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 41
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Minerals Exploration and Development 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-9. Best Management Practices For Minerals Exploration And Development 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

All Minerals 

M 1 

Locate, design, operate, and 

maintain settling ponds to contain 

sediment discharges. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: Sediment 

could be transported to nearby 

streams from improperly designed or 

overflowing settling ponds. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

M 2 Where practical, use existing roads, 

skid trails, and stream crossings. 

New soil disturbance near streams 

and waterbodies may increase 

sediment delivery. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

M 3 

Storm proof all natural surface 

roads and trails when an operation 

halts for the wet season. See 

Roads and Landings section for 

guidelines. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Locate and maintain sanitation Bacteria: 

M 4 

facilities where overflow or 

discharges would not enter surface 

water. Where possible, locate 

these facilities outside of Riparian 

Management Areas. 

Bacterial pollution into waterbodies 

from improperly constructed 

sanitation facilities could be injurious 

to the health of humans and aquatic 

organisms. 

Bacteria

 OAR 340-041-0009 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

M 5 

If possible, locate structures 

and support facilities, at least 

200 feet from water bodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. 

Temperature: 

Developed sites can channel 

water and sediment into nearby 

waterbodies. Loss of riparian 

vegetation due to development could 

reduce shade and increase water 

Temperature

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

temperature. 

M 6 

Design, locate, and construct 

stream crossings in conformance 

with practices described in Roads 

and Landings section. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Earthwork near streams can 

expose erodible soils and result in 

sedimentation to streams. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

M 7 

If roads are used during wet 

seasons with potential for sediment 

delivery to stream channels, rock 

aggregate would be used to surface 

those roads, or other measures 

will be taken to prevent undue and 

unnecessary degradation 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Use of native surfaced roads 

during wet weather could result in 

unnecessary and undue degradation 

of water quality in nearby streams. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Prior to fall rains, reclaim all Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

M 8 

roads and trails constructed for 

exploratory purposes that are 

unnecessary for the mineral 

access. 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery 

to waterbodies, floodplains, and 

wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 42
 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

M 9 

If possible, retain an undisturbed 

riparian buffer strip between mineral 

operations and water bodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Temperature: 

Lack of a vegetative filter strip can 

destabilize streambanks and increase 

sediment delivery; lesser stream 

shade can elevate temperatures of 

streams and wetlands. 

Temperature

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity

OAR 340-041-0036 

M 10 

Stockpile available topsoil for 

use during reclamation of the 

site. Stockpiled topsoil would be 

stabilized to prevent erosion and 

contamination of other resources in 

the area. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

On access roads to mineral sites 

M 11 

where no future entry is planned, 

reclaim these access roads. This 

may include tilling, water barring, 

blocking, re-contouring, fertilization, 

planting, mulching, and seeding. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Soil erosion of exposed surfaces with 

potential transport to the channel, 

floodplain, or wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

M 12 

Reclaim depleted or closed 

mineral sites by stabilizing and 

contouring the mining area. 

Replace topsoil and mulch, seed, 

and plant. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Locatable Minerals 

M 13 

Comply with seasonal restrictions 

on suction dredging identified in 

Oregon Guidelines for Timing of 

In-Water Work to Protect Fish 

and Wildlife Resources when 

discharging to Oregon’s surface 

waters. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Suction dredging can deposit fine 

sediment in gravelsand is deleterious 

to fish and aquatic life. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

M 14 

Plans of Operations and Notices, 

should contain waste products and 

prevent leaching contaminants from 

entering surface and ground water. 

Toxic Substances: 

Mine generated waste and runoff 

can negatively impact surface or 

groundwater quality and impair 

aquatic habitat. 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Toxic substances 

OAR 430-041-0033 

M 15 

Reclaim mine waste after 

operations to ensure chemical and 

physical stability according to the 

BLM approved reclamation plan for 

the Plan of Operations or Notice 

requirements. 

Toxic Substances: 

Mine generated waste and runoff 

can negatively impact surface or 

groundwater quality and impair 

aquatic habitat. 

Toxic substances 

OAR 430-041-0033 

Turbidity

OAR 340-041-0036 

M 16 

Stabilize exposed soils by 

seeding, mulching, and planting 

with tree or brush species and 

provide for non- erosive drainage 

from disturbed areas that were 

constructed or renovated for 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

mining activities. 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

C – 43
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

M 17 

When operating during the wet 

season, stabilize disturbed areas 

that will not be mined or used 

for at least 30 days, if needed to 

prevent undue and unnecessary 

degradation. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036

 Salable Minerals

 M 18 

Locate stockpile sites on stable 

ground where the material would 

not move into waterbodies, 

floodplains, and wetlands. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Placement of soil and rock stockpiles 

on unstable landforms can result in 

landslides with drainage of sedimentladen water to streams. 

Turbidity 

OAR 340-041-0036 

Locate, design, and construct 

salable mineral sites to 

minimize sedimentation Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

M 19 to streams. Close roads, 

excavations and crusher pads 

in accordance with Roads and 

Landings section when the 

salable mineral site is depleted. 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

M 20 

Avoid development of new quarries 

within Riparian Management 

Areas, unless water quality can be 

maintained. Expansion of existing 

quarries would be designed and 

implemented to maintain water 

quality. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Temperature: 

Developed sites can channel 

water and sediment into nearby 

waterbodies. Loss of riparian 

vegetation due to development could 

reduce shade and increase water 

temperature. 

Sedimentation in streams from road 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Temperature

OAR 340-041-0028 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036 

related runoff can impair aquatic 

habitat. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

M 21 Use culverts and rip-rap for crusher 

pad drainage when necessary. 

Soil erosion of exposed surfaces with 

potential transport to the channel, 

floodplain, or wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

M 22 

Use erosion-reduction practices, 

such as seeding, mulching, 

silt fences, and woody debris 

placement, to limit erosion and 

transport of sediment to streams 

from quarries. Provide drainage 

from stockpiles and mineral sites 

that is dispersed over stable 

vegetated areas rather than 

directly into stream channels. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Soil erosion of exposed surfaces with 

potential transport to the channel, 

floodplain, or wetlands. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

Leasable Minerals

Stabilize roads, drill sites, and 

excavation areas to a free 

 M 23 

draining and noneroding condition 

from disturbed areas that are 

constructed or renovated for 

leasable mineral activities (e.g., 

roads, drill sites, and excavation 

areas). 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 44
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and 

Causal Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

M 24 

When operating during the wet 

season, stabilize disturbed areas 

that will remain inactive for at 

least 30 days. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Bare soil is subject to surface erosion 

and potential sediment delivery to 

adjacent waterbodies. 

Turbidity

 OAR 340-041-0036 

M 25 Line all mud pits that contain drilling 

fluid to prevent leaking. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Drilling fluid can leak from unlined 

pits to surface and groundwater 

resources. 

Toxic substances 

OAR 430-041-0033 

Turbidity OAR 340-041-0036

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

 M 26 

Limit drill site construction 

and access through Riparian 

Management Areas to established 

roadways unless the operator 

submits a plan that demonstrates 

that impacts to water quality from the 

proposed action can be adequately 

mitigated. 

Vegetative removal in near stream 

areas of Riparian Management Areas 

can decrease shade increasing 

stream temperatures, and increase 

sediment delivery by overland flow 

and disturbance to streambanks. 

Drilling and equipment fluids 

can negatively impact surface or 

groundwater quality and impair 

aquatic habitat. 

Temperature

OAR 340-041-0028 

Toxic substances 

OAR 430-041-0033 

Turbidity

OAR 340-041-0036 

C – 45
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Spill Prevention and Abatement 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-10. Best Management Practices For Spill Prevention And Abatement 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations

 Heavy Equipment Use 

SP 1 

Inspect and clean heavy equipment 

as necessary prior to moving on to the 

project site, in order to remove oil and 

grease, noxious weeds, and excessive 

soil. 

Inspect hydraulic fluid and fuel lines 

on heavy-mechanized equipment for 

proper working condition. 

Where possible, maintain and 

refuel equipment a minimum of 100 

feet away from streams and other 

waterbodies. 

In the event of a spill or release, 

all reasonable and safe actions to 

contain the material will be taken. 

Specific actions are dependent on 

the nature of the material spilled. 

Use spill containment booms or 

as required by DEQ. Have access 

to booms and other absorbent 

Toxic Substances: 

Contamination of waterbodies from 

equipment leakage. 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-

0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-

containment materials. 

Immediately remove waste or spilled 

hazardous materials (including but 

not limited to diesel, oil, hydraulic 

fluid) and contaminated soils near 

any stream or other waterbody, and 

dispose of it/them in accordance with 

the applicable regulatory standard. 

Notify Oregon Emergency Response 

System of any spill over the material 

reportable quantities, and any spill 

not totally cleaned up after 24 hours. 

Store equipment containing 

Reportable Quantities of toxic fluids 

outside of Riparian Management 

Areas. 

0007(1) and (13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033 

C – 46
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

Fuel and Chemical Transport

If more than 42 gallons of fuel or 

combined quantity of petroleum 

product and chemical substances, as 

project materials,would be transported 

to a project site, the following 

precautions will be implemented. 

1. Plan a safe route and material 

transfer sites so that all spilled 

material will be contained easily at 

that designated location. 

2. Plan an active dispatch system 

that can relay the information to 

appropriate resources. 

3. Ensure a spill containment kit that 

can absorb and contain 55 gallons 

of petroleum product and chemical 

substances is readily available. 

4. Provide for immediate notification to 

Antidegradation 

OAR 340-041-0004(1) 

Biocriteria 

 SP 2 

OERS in the event of a spill. Have 

a radio-equipped vehicle lead the 

chemical or fuel truck to the project 

site. 

5. Assemble a spill notification list 

that includes the district hazardous 

Toxic Substances: 

Chemical contamination of 

waterbodies. 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

Statewide Narrative 

OAR 340-041-0007(1) and 

(13) 

Toxic Substances 

OAR 340-041-0033 

materials coordinator, DEQ, and spill 

clean-up contractors. 

6. Construct a downstream water user 

contact list with addresses and 

phone numbers. 

7. When operating within Source Water 

watersheds, pre-estimate water flow 

travel times through the watershed 

to predict downstream arrival times. 

8. Be prepared to sample water and 

carry sample containers. 

Be prepared to assist OSP and ODFW 

to assess wildlife impacts of any 

material spilled. 

Spill Abatement

 SP 3 

Spill Prevention, Control, and 

Countermeasure Plan (SPCC): All 

operators shall develop a modified 

SPCC plan prior to initiating project 

work if there is a potential risk of 

chemical or petroleum spills near water 

bodies. The SPCC plan will include 

the appropriate containers to be used 

and design of the material transfer 

locations. No interim fuel depot or 

storage location other than a manned 

transport vehicle. 

Toxic Substances: 

Chemical or petroleum product 

routing to water bodies. 

[40 CFR 112] 

42 U.S. Gallons for 

reporTable Euantities not 

involving waterways, a visible 

sheen where waterways are 

involved 

C – 47
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

SP 4 

Spill Containment Kit (SCK): All 

operators shall have a SCK as 

described in the SPCC plan on-site 

during any operation with potential for 

run-off to adjacent water bodies. The 

SCK will be appropriate in size and 

type for the oil or hazardous material 

carried by the operator. 

Toxic Substances: 

Chemical or petroleum product 

routing to water bodies. 

OAR-340-142-[0030] 

SP 5 

Operators shall be responsible for 

the clean-up, removal, and proper 

disposal of contaminated materials 

from the site. 

Toxic Substances: 

Chemical or petroleum product 

routing to water bodies. 

OAR-340-102-

[inclusive] 

OAR-340-122-

[inclusive] 

C – 48
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

Restoration 

See Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards for additional details about the standards and regulations 

that are associated with the best management practices. 

Table C-11. Best Management Practices For Restoration 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

RST 1 

Confine work in the stream channels to 

the low flow period unless a waiver is 

obtained from the permitting agencies. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Concentrated turbidity and 

sedimentation potential due to 

channel disturbance during low flow 

conditions. 

Accumulation of bottom 

deposits 

OAR-340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 2 

In stream channels that are sensitive 

to disturbance (e.g., meadow streams), 

do not drive heavy equipment in flowing 

channels and floodplains. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Disturbance of stream channel and 

streambanks resulting in erosion, 

sedimentation, turbidity, and loss of 

channel stability. 

Accumulation of bottom 

deposits 

OAR-340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR-340-041-0036

 RST 3 

In well armored channels that are 

resistant to damage (e.g., bedrock, 

small boulder, or cobble dominated), 

consider conducting the majority of 

heavy-equipment work from within 

the channel, during low streamflow, to 

minimize damage to sensitive riparian 

areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Temperature: 

Disturbance of floodplain and 

streambanks resulting in erosion, 

sedimentation, turbidity, and loss of 

stream shade, resulting in a potential 

increase of stream temperature. 

Turbidity 

OAR-340-041-0036 

Water Temperature 

OAR-340-041-0028

 RST 4 

Design access routes for individual work 

sites to reduce exposure of bare soil 

and extensive streambank shaping. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Soil erosion with potential transport to 

the channel and floodplain. 

Turbidity

 OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 5 

Limit the number and length of 

equipment access points through 

Riparian Management Areas. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment, and 

Temperature: 

Disturbance of floodplain and 

streambanks resulting in erosion, 

sedimentation, turbidity, and loss of 

stream shade, resulting in a potential 

increase of stream temperature. 

Turbidity 

 OAR-340-041-0036 

Water Temperature 

OAR-340-041-0028 

RST 6 

Limit the amount of streambank 

excavation to the minimum necessary 

to ensure stability of enhancement 

structures. Provide isolation from 

flowing water during excavation. Place 

excavated material above the flood 

prone area and cover or place a berm to 

avoid its reentry into the stream during 

high flow events. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Sedimentation during high flow 

events resulting in erosion, 

sedimentation and turbidity. 

Accumulation of bottom 

deposits 

OAR-340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 7 

Inspect all mechanized equipment daily 

for leaks and clean as necessary to 

help ensure that toxic materials, such as 

fuel and hydraulic fluid, do not enter the 

stream. 

Oil, Gas, and Chemical Fluids: Direct 

entry of oil and gas into waterbody, 

resulting in effects on aquatic life 

Statewide Narrative 

Criteria Oil and Floating 

Solids

 OAR 340-041-0007

 Biocriteria 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

C – 49
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

BMP 

Number Best Management Practices Input Variables and Causal 

Mechanisms 

Water Quality 

Standards and 

Regulations 

RST 8 Equipment will not be stored in stream 

channels when not in use. 

Oil, Gas, and Chemical Fluids: Direct 

entry of oil and gas into waterbody 

resulting in effects on aquatic life 

Statewide Narrative 

Criteria Oil and Floating 

Solids

 OAR 340-041-0007

 Biocriteria 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

RST 9 

When using heavy equipment in 

or adjacent to stream channels 

during restoration activities, develop 

and implement an approved spill 

containment plan that includes having 

a spill containment kit on-site and 

at previously identified containment 

locations. 

Oil, Gas, and Chemical Fluids: Direct 

entry of oil and gas into waterbody 

resulting in effects on aquatic life 

Statewide Narrative 

Criteria Oil and Floating 

Solids

 OAR 340-041-0007

 Biocriteria 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

RST 10 

Refuel equipment, including chainsaws 

and other hand power tools, at least 

100 feet from water bodies (or as far 

as possible from the water body where 

local site conditions do not allow a 150-

foot setback) to prevent direct delivery 

of contaminants into a water body. 

Oil, Gas, and Chemical Fluids: Direct 

entry of oil and gas into waterbody 

resulting in effects on aquatic life 

Statewide Narrative 

Criteria Oil and Floating 

Solids

 OAR 340-041-0007

 Biocriteria 

 OAR 340-041-0011 

RST 11 

Use waterbars, barricades, seeding, 

and mulching to stabilize bare soil areas 

along project access routes prior to the 

wet season. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Excessive turbidity and sedimentation 

to downstream areas due to erosion 

of disturbed soils. 

Turbidity

 OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 12 

Rehabilitate and stabilize disturbed 

areas where soil will support seed 

growth by seeding and planting with 

native seed mixes or plants, or using 

erosion control matting. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Excessive turbidity and sedimentation 

to downstream areas due to erosion 

of disturbed soils. 

Turbidity

 OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 13 

When replacing culverts, install grade 

control structures (e.g., boulder vortex 

weirs or boulder step weirs) where 

excessive scour would occur. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Excessive turbidity and sedimentation 

to downstream areas due to erosion 

of upstream sand/gravel/cobble 

deposits. 

Accumulation of bottom 

deposits 

OAR-340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 14 Rehabilitate headcuts and gullies. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Excessive turbidity and sedimentation 

to downstream areas due to erosion 

of upstream sand/gravel/cobble 

deposits. 

Accumulation of bottom 

deposits 

OAR-340-041-0007 

Turbidity 

OAR-340-041-0036 

RST 15 

Install turbidity control structures (e.g., 

isolation, diversion, or silt curtains) 

immediately downstream of in-stream 

restoration work areas. Remove these 

structures following completion of 

turbidity generating activities. 

Coarse and Fine Sediment: 

Excessive turbidity to downstream 

areas generated during instream 

structure placement. 

Turbidity

 OAR-340-041-0036 

C – 50
 

Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

Summary of Oregon Water Quality Standards 

This section summarizes the Oregon standards and regulations for water quality that are associated with 

the best management practices. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria 

The following are the Oregon administrative rules (OARs) for the statewide narrative criteria for water 

quality by name, number, and descriptive excerpt. 

Antidegradation (OAR 340-04l-0004) 

“The purpose of the Antidegradation Policy is to guide decisions that affect water quality such that 

unnecessary further degradation from new or increased point and nonpoint sources of pollution is 

prevented, and to protect, maintain, and enhance existing surface water quality to ensure the full protection 

of all existing beneficial uses.” 

Note: The antidegradation policy applies to all 303(d) listed waterbodies when a project could further 

degrade the water quality. 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Biological Criteria (OAR 340-041-0007) 

“(11) The development of fungi or other growths having a deleterious effect on stream bottoms, fi sh or other 

aquatic life, or that are injurious to health, recreation, or industry may not be allowed.” 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Oil and Floating Solids (OAR 340-041-0007) 

“(14) Objectionable discoloration, scum, oily sheens, or floating solids, or coating of aquatic life with oil 

films may not be allowed.” 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Road Building Waste Materials (OAR 340-041-0007) 

“(9) Road building and maintenance activities must be conducted in a manner so as to keep waste materials 

out of public waters and minimize erosion of cut banks, , fill s and road surfaces. ”

Statewide Narrative Criteria Sediment, Adverse Deposits(OAR 340- 041-0007) 

“(13) The formation of appreciable bottom or sludge deposits or the formation of any organic or inorganic 

deposits deleterious to fi sh or other aquatic life or injurious to public health, recreation, or industry may not 

be allowed.” 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Summary (OAR 340-041-0007) 

“(1) Notwithstanding the water quality standards contained in this Division, the highest and best practicable 

treatment and/or control of wastes, activities, and flows must in every case be provided so as to maintain 

dissolved oxygen and overall water quality at the highest possible levels and water temperatures, coliform 

bacteria concentrations, dissolved chemical substances, toxic materials, radioactivity, turbidities, color, odor, 

and other deleterious factors at the lowest possible levels.” 

C – 51
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

Statewide Narrative Criteria Toxics (OAR 340-041-0007) 

“(12) The creation of tastes or odors or toxic or other conditions that are deleterious to fi sh or other aquatic 

life or affect the potability of drinking water or the palatability of fi sh or shellfish may not be allowed.” 

Statewide Numeric Criteria 

The following are the Oregon administrative rules (OARs) for the statewide numeric criteria for water 

quality by name, number, and descriptive excerpt. 

Bacteria (OAR 340-041-0009) 

“(1) Numeric Criteria: Organisms of the coliform group commonly associated with fecal sources (MPN) 

or equivalent membrane filtration using a representative number of samples) may not exceed the criteria 

described in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this paragraph: (a) Freshwaters and Estuarine Waters Other than 

Shellfish Growing Waters: 

(A) A 30-day log mean of 126 E. coli organisms per 100 milliliters, based on a minimum of five (5) samples; 

(B) No single sample may exceed 406 E. coli organisms per 100 milliliters.” 

Biocriteria (OAR 340-041-0011) 

“Waters of the State must be of sufficient quality to support aquatic species without detrimental changes in 

the resident biological communities.” 

Dissolved Oxygen (OAR 340-041-0016) 

“Dissolved oxygen (DO): No wastes may be discharged and no activities must be conducted that either 

alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause violation of the following standards: The 

changes adopted by the Commission on January 11, 1996, become effective July 1, 1996. Until that time, the 

requirements of this rule that were in effect on January 10, 1996, apply: 

(1) 	 For waterbodies identified as active spawning areas in the places and times indicated on the 

following tables and figures set out in OAR 340-041-0101 to 340-041-0340: Tables 101B, 

121B, 180B, 201B and 260B, and Figures 130B, 151B, 160B, 170B, 220B, 230B, 271B, 286B, 

300B,310B, 320B, and 340B, (as well as any active spawning area used by resident trout 

species), the Rules of this Division as last modified by the EQC 05/20/2004 following criteria 

apply during the applicable spawning through fry emergence periods set forth in the tables 

and figures: 

(a) 	 The dissolved oxygen may not be less than 11.0 mg/l. However, if the minimum intergravel 

dissolved oxygen, measured as a spatial median, is 8.0 mg/l or greater, then the DO 

criterion is 9.0 mg/l; 

(b) Where conditions of barometric pressure, altitude, and temperature preclude attainment 

of the 11.0 mg/l or 9.0 mg/l criteria, dissolved oxygen levels must not be less than 95 

percent of saturation; 

(c) 	 The spatial median intergravel dissolved oxygen concentration must not fall below 8.0 

mg/l. 

(2) 	 For waterbodies identified by the Department as providing cold-water aquatic life, the 

dissolved oxygen may not be less than 8.0 mg/l as an absolute minimum. Where conditions of 

barometric pressure, altitude, and temperature preclude attainment of the 8.0 mg/l, dissolved 

oxygen may not be less than 90 percent of saturation. At the discretion of the Department, 

when the Department determines that adequate information exists, the dissolved oxygen may 

not fall below 8.0 mg/l as a 30-day mean minimum, 6.5 mg/l as a seven-day minimum mean, 

and may not fall below 6.0 mg/l as an absolute minimum (Table 21); 

C – 52 
Appendix C - Best Management Practices 

(3) For waterbodies identified by the Department as providing cool- water aquatic life, the 

dissolved oxygen may not be less than 6.5 mg/l as an absolute minimum. At the discretion 

of the Department, when the Department determines that adequate information exists, the 

dissolved oxygen may not fall below 6.5 mg/l as a 30-day mean minimum, 5.0 mg/l as a sevenday minimum mean, and may not fall below 4.0 mg/l as an absolute minimum (Table 21); 

(4) 	 For waterbodies identified by the Department as providing warm-water aquatic life, the 

dissolved oxygen may not be less than 5.5 mg/l as an absolute minimum. At the discretion 

of the Department, when the Department determines that adequate information exists, the 

dissolved oxygen may not fall below 5.5 mg/l as a 30-day mean minimum, and may not fall 

below 4.0 mg/l as an absolute minimum (Table 21); 

(5) 	 For estuarine water, the dissolved oxygen concentrations may not be less than 6.5 mg/l (for 

coastal waterbodies).” 

emperature (OAR 340-041-0028) 

A. 	 The seven-day-average maximum temperature of a stream identified as having salmon and steelhead 

spawning use may not exceed 55.4 degrees Fahrenheit. 

. 	 The seven-day-average maximum temperature of a stream identified as having core cold water habitat 

use may not exceed 60.8 degrees Fahrenheit. 

. 	 The seven-day-average maximum temperature of a stream identified as having salmon and trout 

rearing and migration use may not exceed 64.4 degrees Fahrenheit. 

. The seven-day-average maximum temperature of a stream identified as having a migration corridor 

use may not exceed 68.0 degrees Fahrenheit.” 

urbidity (OAR 340-041-0036) 

No more than a ten percent cumulative increase in natural stream turbidities may be allowed, as measured 

elative to a control point immediately upstream of the turbidity causing activity.” 

T

“

B

C

D

T

“

r

C – 53
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

C – 54
 

Appendix D 

Areas of Critical 

Environmental Concern 

D – 1
 
Salem District ROD and RMP 

D – 2
 

Appendix D - Areas of Critical Environmental Concern 

Areas of Critical Environmental Concern 

This section contains detailed information about Areas of Critical Environmental Concern (ACEC) in 

the Salem BLM District. Two tables are included. Table D-1 includes information about the categories of 

Relevant and Important Values and any management direction that applies to the areas. Table D-2 contains 

more specific information about the Relevant and Important Values for each ACEC. 

Table D-1. Management Direction For Areas Of Critical Environmental Concern, Salem District 

ACEC Name Relevant and Important Value 

Category 

Management Direction 

Off-Highway 

Vehicle 

Designation 

Leasable Mineral Locatable / Salable 

Entry Mineral Entry Timber Harvest 

Crabtree 

Complex RNA/ 

ONA 

Scenic, natural processes, fish 

and wildlife Closed Open - No Surface Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Elk Creek Fish and wildlife Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed Some thinning in stands <80 yrs old 

Forest Peak 

RNA 

Natural processes, fish and 

wildlife Closed Open - No Surface Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Grass Mountain 

RNA 

Scenic, natural processes, fish 

and wildlife Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

High Peak ­

Moon Creek 

RNA 

Natural processes, fish and 

wildlife Closed Open - No Surface Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Jackson Bend Fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Little North Fork 

Wilson River 

Fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed 

Some management 

of previously entered 

stands. 

Little Sink Fish and wildlife, natural 

processes, natural hazards Closed Open - No Surface Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Lost Prairie Fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Marys Peak 

ONA 

Scenic, natural processes, fish 

and wildlife 

Limited to 

designated roads 

Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Marys Peak B Scenic, natural processes Limited to 

designated roads 

Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Middle Santiam 

Terrace Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Mill Creek 

Ridge Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Molalla 

Meadows Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Nestucca River Scenic, fish and wildlife Limited to 

designated roads 

Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

D – 3
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

ACEC Name Relevant and Important Value 

Category 

Management Direction 

Off-Highway 

Vehicle 

Designation 

Leasable Mineral Locatable / Salable 

Entry Mineral Entry Timber Harvest 

Rickreall Ridge Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Saddlebag 

Mountain RNA 

Fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Sandy Rivera 

Scenic, cultural, historic 

values, fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed Permitted within some portions 

Silt Creek Natural processes, natural 

hazards Closed Open - No Surface Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Soosap 

Meadows Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

The Butte RNA Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Valley of the 

Giants ONA 

Scenic, natural processes, fish 

and wildlife Closed Minerals not federally 

administered 

Minerals not federally 

administered None 

Walker Flat Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Waterloo Natural processes Closed Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Yampo Fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Limited to 

designated roads 

Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

Yaquina Head 

ONA 

Scenic, cultural, historic 

values, fish and wildlife, natural 

processes 

Limited to 

designated roads 

Open - No Surface 

Occupancy Proposed Closed None 

a

This ACEC is an expansion of the Sandy River ONA, expanding the area beyond the gorge. 

D – 4
 

Natural Hazard 

ck/

nce

e 

ully

est

eeds

 and

forest

estern hemlo

n red cedar types. Evide

y undisturbed old-growth

evance contributes to rel

ulation 

Phaeocollybia

e of a f

e t Rang

w are of the

ning remai

rand fir


 cell\, 

emlock

growth 

ast

e ern, W stern 

ommunity

mside forest

n Cells: 

This area has a pop

on. Rar

is area include: 

t is a rare exampl

orth Oregon Coas

 of late-successional for

e other

rn coast range, fe

ek area while also

Douglas-fir/poison oak

forest, Douglas-fir/bigleaf maple f , orest with some g

alley margin d. . V


 lley fringe. 

e mountain. Meet

 coast range oldem. Co sional forest syst

estern hemlock/swordf

s-fir/sword fern c

 hardwoods/strea

 elevation.

cecs n The Salem BLM District I

Relevan alue Category t and Important V

Natural Process or System 

est Cascades, Oregon Ecoregio W W

Evening field slug devil's club and old-growth wester

ACEC. of glaciation along with a relativel

forest at a relatively low elevation

for natural systems at this site. of Alaska-cedar that is fairly uncommon in this regibotanical species reported from thcalifornica (BS) This contiguous block of old fores

ontinued use by eagles, also functional natural system in the n

as evidenced by the extensive list

xample of a relatively large dependent species that occur there. While there ar

llent habitat for all three of patches of old forest in the northe

ntribute to their recovery size and contiguity of the Elk Cre

nt and biologically complex relatively undisturbed. 

Oregon Coastal coho (FT),

), sea-run and resident

his stream. 

. This meadow this vicinity alley Ecoregion cells: Willamette V

 species including: Fender's

This meadow also Lemmon's needlegrass-moss bal

undisturbed 3rd order stream in va


 n bluebird, and acorn Cimicifuga elata (BS) 

 with mature noble fir and Coast Range Ecoregion Cells: Noble fir-western h

forest, Grass bald on Coast Rang s the nof a high elevation noble fir and grass meadow community

potted owl (FT) and marbled order stream s an undisturbed 3rd ystem.

 spotted owl (FT) and Rare example of northern Oregon

ed of contiguous late- with intact functioning late-succes

cessible and undisturbed Range Ecoregion Cells: W

hemlock/vine maple-salal. Douglanatural processes also for riparian

uch as 500 years old are on third to fifth order stream at low

e contiguous blocks of old

 Creek is also high quality

an mportant Values For A

Fish and Wildlife 

in the The relatively undisturbed forest is used by northern spotted owls (FT).

Clif ptor use. fs provide unique habitat with potential for ra

ts and (Derocerus hesperium in the )(BS) is documented with

ceptional 
 

ACEC since 1980, it was originally establish An ed for management of rare 

inland bald eagle (BS) nest site. In addition to ccontains a known marbled murrelet (FT) site and an historic spotted owl site(FT). The ACEC is a rare northern coast range econtiguous block of old forest that contains excethese species, and is expected to continue to co . Elk Creek is also considered to be the most importatributary to the Nestucca River system because chinook (BS), summer and winter steelhead (BScutthroat trout and Pacific lamprey all spawn in tUndisturbed valley margin meadows are rare in may provide habitat for several rare invertebrateblue butterfly (FE) and T ). aylor's checkerspot (BS

fers habitat for declining Willamette valley son of gbirds, including common 

nighthawk, Oregon vesper sparrow (BS), westerwoodpecker. 

High elevation grassy bald habitat is juxtaposed

fering undisturbed refugia for rare and forest, of endemic invertebrate species 

The including an unnamed blind ground beetle. older forest stands have a 

fer nesting habitat for s long history of use and of

murrelet (FT). The Moon Creek ACEC contains active northernmarbled murrelet (FT) sites. The area is compris

successional forest habitat that is relatively inacwithin a very steep canyon that is ideal for supporting owls and murrelets. 

ACEC range from over 2,8 Elevations within the 00 feet on High Peak to 

rees as m about 600 feet on Moon Creek itself. T

found there. One of few remaining relatively largforest found in north Oregon coast range. Moonhabitat for anadromous fish of regional significance, including OregonCoastal coho (FT) and steelhead (FT) 

Table D-2. Specific Relev t And I

ACECName Historic, Cultural, Scenic Salem DistrictCrabtree Scenic values for this area are high Complex . Scenic qualities immediate vicinity such as RNA/ONA forest cover type, complex of habita

geologic features are considered ex

within the Salem District. 
 

Elk Creek Forest Peak RNA Grass Scenic Mountain RNA High Peak -Moon Creek RNA 

D - 5
 

 D - 6 

ils or

ast

Natural Hazard The past slumping so

ttle ble ground at Li

 floodplain of ,the

lly flooded during 

 is in federal 

re throughout the

stal ecosystems.

t only within the

opes and tributary

estern hemlock, estern red and W

he riparian plant 

e conifers shading

Anemone 

-fir grand fir/

, with aquatic unsta

erness) Sink has created at le

tanical species 3 distinct ponds.

olffia c (BS) olumbiana 

ssociated species

. Rare botanical

ACEC inc Fritillaria lude: 

 (BS). 

regon Coast Range

ely low elevation

 unique and has

est surrounding 

previously logged, 

Natural Process or System 

This parcel is on the banks of, and within the

The entire area is seasona

ery little land of this type vents. V

nique from all other

Intact old-growth conifer riparian habitat is rastate of Oregon and is especially rare in coa

ACEC contains old-growth co This potential mponents in a 

biologically diverse and natural condition noriparian areas but throughout the adjacent sl

 relict old-growth plant c drainages as well. A ommunity of 

thin the canyon approximately 450 years old wi

of the Little . North Fork of the Wilson River T

community is essentially natural, having larg

r system. ting downed material to the rive

Douglas

alley salal, Slump pond at margin of v

beds and m Area in arshy shore. “Instant Study (wild

of the Willamette V . Rare bo the foothills alley

reported fro W m this location include: 

and W boraelis (BS). 

 elevation sphagnum bog and a

located in the northern Oregon Coast Rangecamschatcensis (BS), Erythronium elegans (BS), oregana var. felix (BS), T s etraplodon mnioide

 is the highest mountain in the O

Special s include: high habitats or natural value

elevation grass meadows, noble fir commun , and shallow itysoils with ‘ro plants. ck garden’

on Coast Range Parcel B includes a high elevati

, which is rare.

Old-growth fir and hemlock forest at a relativ

d value as a research site. All for

 privately owned and has been 

bitat in a matrix of

ged forests. 

ategory

rey 	 

Willamette River. high water eownership, and the habitat in this parcel is uBLM lands in northwest Oregon.

t

Douglas-fir, Sitka spruce, Wcedar that is

gon 

ged

and contribuWillamette Valley Ecoregion Cells: 

y vine maple-

),

olffia 

mon Unique high

species reported from Lost Prairie Marys PeakMountains. 

d 

Marys Peak

lder old-growth forest with a noble fir component

ed 

river terrace. Habitat of this type is relativelyan increasethis ACEC isleaving this as the last remaining natural hayoung mana

alue C

t blue heron, and osp

ed

potential Little North

, ruggedness, lac bility

tate and private fores

 the northern Coast

bed. exist largely undistur

y watershed and

winte steelhead (BS), Ore

stream on BLM mana

 support health

 release site for

Ponds

ential

l (FT). Refugia for

nson's hairstreak (BS

 mollusks. 

ssemblage of uncom

d 

fers 

, western 

taposed with mature and 

nd 

long history of use an

	 

 caddisfly (BS). The o

fer nesting habitat for spott

Relevant and Important V

Fish and Wildlife Roosting and nesting sites for bald eagle (BS), grea

are documented within this ACEC. 	 High quality habitat and known sites for northern spotted owl (FT), marblmurrelet (FT) and bald eagle (BS) exists within the 

All three species have ne Fork Wilson River ACEC. sted either now or in 

the recent past within the area. Due to its inaccessi k of fragmentation, and proximity to highly managed slands, this area is one of the few remaining areas inRange where late-successional dependent species The Little North Fork Wilson River is also a tier 1 kesupports 5 salmonid species including coastal r Coast coho (FT) and chum salmon, and is the only lands in the northern coast range that supports chum salmon. Parcel provides excellent example of low elevation coast range oldalley margin. growth forest adjacent to Willamette Vpopulations of native amphibians (no bullfrogs). Potwestern pond turtle. Historic nest site for spotted owinvertebrate species, with potential presence of Johspotted taildropper slug (BS), and other uncommonLarge bog and wetland habitat supports a diverse ainvertebrate species, which may include: evening field slug (BS), crowne

S). Site also of tightcoil snail (BS), and spotted tail-dropper slug (B

d flycatcher nesting habitat for songbirds, such as the olive-side

bluebird, and willow flycatcher. 

This unique high elevation grassy bald habitat is juxold-growth forests and is known to support populations of several rare or endemic invertebrates including: Haddocks caddisfly (BS), and Roth's bliground beetle (BS). The older forest stands have a 

fer nesting habitat for spotted owls (FT) and marb of led murrelets (FT). 

ty Uncommon or endemic invertebrates are possible in high elevation 

tributaries of Parker Creek, including the Haddock'sforest stands have a long history of use and ofowls (FT) and marbled murrelets (FT).

tion is 

Historic, Cultural, Scenic 

Little North Fork Wilson 

Little Sink 	 

Lost Prairie 	 

Marys Peak Marys Peak is the highest mountain in the 

Oregon Coast Range Mountains. High scenic values in the immediate vicini . A Native American cultural site at this locaone of few in the region on public lands. 

n 

Peak B 	 ACECName Jackso

Bend River RNA 	 

ONA Mary’s Middle Santiam 

errac T e 
Natural Process or System Natural Hazard 

Oregon white oak community in northwest Oregon on eastslopes of the Coast Range. Rare valley margin oak habitatjuxtaposed with coast range conifer forests is likely to supportgreat diversity of uncommon or endemic invertebrate species,and provide nesting habitat for declining Willamette valleysongbirds, including common nighthawk, western bluebird, andwhite-breasted nuthatch.

 raptor The meadows represent a unique ecotype with natural

species systems and geologic features seldom seen on BLM lands

in the Salem District. The oak meadows represent a rare 

transition from valley oak savannas' to upland conifer forests.This site contributes to the regional oak meadow network asdescribed in the Nature Conservancy’s nomination letter (dated 01/06/2006) and the Willamette Valley-Puget Trough-Georgia Basin, Ecoregional Assessment. The oak meadow at this site is the largest of this habitat type under BLM ownership in theCascades Range, within the Salem District. 

nd

ost

own 

.

oast.

Rocky “hogback” ridge, steep talus slopes, and uniquevegetation in the Oregon Coast Range Mountains. RickreallRidge has a disjunct flora as the vegetation is similar tovegetation known from the Cascade Mountain Range. Highelevation rocky outcrops and adjoining older forest supporta diversity of rare or endemic invertebrate species, includingJohnson's hairstreak (BS), and spotted tail-dropper (BS). Olderforest provides potential nesting habitat for spotted owls (FT)and marbled murrelets (FT). 

a Relevant and Important V lue Category

Fis ildlife h and W

The area meets relevance for Wildlife Resources due to presence of

sociated nder with older forest. Golden eagles, Oregon slender salama

The Nestucca River corridor includes high quality nesting, roosting a

Th foraging habitat for bald eagles (FT) and marbled murrelets (FT). e river 

provides important connectivity to other high quality habitat areas, m

ACEC. Marbled murrelets are kn

to use the river corridor to access nesting habitat within the drainage

nd e Nestucca River is also a high quality anadromous fish stream a

contributes significantly to wild fish production on the north Oregon C

ead

(BS), sea-run and resident cutthroat trout and Pacific lamprey are allpresent. 

Historic, Cultural, Scenic 

The river corridor has a high level of publicuse and meets relevance criteria for both nests, use by Neotropical Migratory birds and occurrence of wildlife 	 recreation and scenic values. The Molalla asRiver has been found to be both eligible and (BS), harlequin duck (BS), and band-tailed pigeon occur here. suitable for inclusion into the National Wild andScenic River (WSR) System for outstandinglyremarkable values that include geology, scenic and recreation. The general area has been recognized for both its scenic and recreationvalues and has been designated a BLM SpecialRecreation Management Area. While there may be some overlap between the WSR and theACEC boundaries, the protections and guidanceprovided under WSR guidance are interimunless the river is actually added to the WSRSystem by Congress. In addition, the interimguidance only addresses management withina 1/4-mile of either side of the Molalla River. As long as any management prescriptions for theACEC meet WSR interim guidance, these wouldbe complementary not competing designations. Designated State scenic waterway & BLMbackcountry byway. The upper Nestucca River is eligible for inclusion in National Wild & ScenicRiver system (recreational designation). The notably the Elk Creek drainage and river corridor is designated VRM I. 

ThOregon Coastal coho (FT), chinook (BS), summer and winter steelh

Creek

	 

ll 

ACECName Mill Ridge 

Molalla MeadowsNestucca River 	 

RickreaRidge 

D - 7
 

 D - 8 Relevant and Important Value Category

Historic, Cultural, Scenic Fish and Wildlife Natural Process or System Natural Hazard 

Saddle Bag Exceptionally rare old-growth Pacific silver fir forest in Oregon Coast Old-growth Pacific silver fir and western hemlock community. 

Range supports a diversity of rare invertebrate species that could include: Saddlebag may be the last remaining mature naturally occurring Johnson's hairstreak (BS), and spotted tail-dropper (BS). Forest provides Pacific silver fir stand in the Oregon Coast Range. Pacific silverpotential nesting habitat for spotted owls (FT) and marbled murrelets (FT). fir was once thought to be more widespread but due to climatic

changes may now be isolated to a few areas in the OregonCoastal Mountains. Rare botanical species reported fromSaddlebag Mountain RNA: Erythronium elegans (BS) 

Sandy River Cultural: Barlow Road and Rock Corral (currently Stocks of Lower Columbia River chinook (BS), winter steelhead (BS), Recognize that some of the lands are currently not in forest Precipitous slopes and 	 

listed) are National Register sites within the coho (FT)and cutthroat trout are present in this portion of the Sandy River. condition (agricultural). Value of the lands as a whole is greater canyon walls that line thecorridor. A prehistoric site eligible for the National Spawning grounds for chinook salmon, rearing habitat for steelhead and than the value of individual parcels. Riparian old-growth forests inner gorge are a threatRegister also exists. chinook salmon are also present. Peregrine falcons, bald eagles (BS) and in the Middle Sandy are rare in the watershed downstream from to outdoor enthusiastsScenic: The inner gorge has steep canyon harlequin ducks (BS) have been known to use the Sandy River Gorge. Marmot Dam. Bureau sensitive fungus species, Bridgeoporus enjoying the captivatingwalls, deep, trench-like pools, waterfalls and Migratory birds such as the willow flycatcher have been documented within noblissimus (BS) is reported from the ACEC. views. cliff-dwelling plant communities. The Mt. Hood the ACEC. corridor (Highway 26) has a VRM 1 classificationdue to it scenic qualities and is congressionallydesignated as the Mt. Hood Scenic Corridor. 

Active, natural landslide with an old-growth forest and unique Large scale, activehabitat related to the slow but continual mass earth movement. natural landslideThe area is also host to an abnormally large population ofPseudocyphellaria rainierensis.These meadows are the only large, undisturbed expanse ofnatural Cascadian subalpine meadows in the Salem District.Streams which have cut through the glacial moraine have leftbehind a unique and diverse remnant of subalpine habitat.Willamette Valley & Coast Range Ecoregion Cells: Douglasfir/poison oak forest, Oregon white oak/grass savanna.Uncommon transitional ecotone involving Willamette Valley margin plant communities and upland Coast Range forestedcommunities. Rare botanical species reported from The Butte 

RNA include: Cimicifuga elata (BS) 

e Outstanding example of coastal old-growth forest Valley of the Giants ONA lies within the largest contiguous patch of old- Although not designated as an RNA, Valley of the Giants is 	 

Giants ONA growth forest habitat in the northern Oregon Coast Range (over 800 acres, well studied as a remnant ‘old-growth’ western hemlock plant 

400+ years old). This older forest provides nesting habitat for one of the association. Rare botanical species reported from this locationlargest concentrations of breeding marbled murrelets (FT) in Oregon. The include: Schistostega pennata (BS), Filipendula occidentalis

proposed area also provides habitat for northern spotted owls (FT), bald (BS), and Tetraphis geniculata (BS) 

eagles (FT), and Oregon Coastal steelhead (summer-run and winter-run;both FC). These old-growth stands provide an exceptionally large refugium for invertebrate species that are closely associated with older forestconditions. 

The only natural occurrence of Sidalcea nelsonia (FT) in the 

Salem District is within the Walker Flat ACEC. 

	 	 	 
 h

Walker Flat 

in 

Creek

Butte 

ACECName MountaRNA ONA Silt Soosap 

	 

Meadows The RNA 

alley of tV


 
Relevant and Important Value Category ACEC

Name Historic, Cultural, Scenic Fish and Wildlife Natural Process or System Natural Hazard 

Waterloo The BLM’s Waterloo parcel is within The Nature Conservancy’s 

Waterloo Rocks portfolio site. This is the only known Salem District parcel with naturally-occurring Ponderosa Pine. The map of historic (mid-1800s) vegetation shows this as part ofa large oak-fir-pine savanna, with prairie located just to theeast. Considered in the context of The Nature Conservancy’s Ecoregional Assessment and the Waterloo Rocks portfolio site, in particular, the Waterloo parcel becomes an important part of a larger system of target conservation areas for the oak-pine-firhabitats. 

Yampo Yampo ACEC supports a late-seral Willamette Valley bottom 

plant community that includes occurrences of rare botanicalspecies Cimicifuga elata (BS) and Lathyrus holochlorus (BS). 

Lathyrus holochlorus has not been seen in this parcel since the

1980s. 

Yaquina Headland on the Pacific Ocean. The area A diverse assemblage of coastal habitats such as tide pools, rocky islands, This headland on the eastern Pacific Ocean provides forHead is known as a cultural site for past native and upland meadow provide for a great diversity of marine invertebrates, several unique habitats including: Sitka spruce forest, lodgepoleOutstanding Americans use and as a historical site with an nesting seabirds, and marine mammals. forest, headland grass/shrub communities, wildlife roosts andNatural Area operating lighthouse. nesting habitat, tide pools and associated ocean organisms.

Rare bryophyte species Eucladium verticillatum is reported fromthe Yaquina Head ONA. 

FT – Federal threatened speciesFE – Federal endangered speciesFC – Federal candidate speciesBS – Bureau sensitive speciesONHP – Oregon Natural Heritage ProgramWSR – Wild and Scenic River 

	 

D - 9
 

Salem District ROD and RMP 

D – 10