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# OAR Box 1313
Preppedby LaTeiaShed



### Document

Number: 

# 13 ) l-B- 6

Docket Number: 

# A-88-0 2

Printed 6/12/20089:03:27

AM Sheet 13 of 99P. 2 

# ® A-88-0 2
MIDWES TRESEARC H INSTITUT E JJJ- g

_

(Q 4505 Creedmoo rRoad

Raleigh , N.C

. 2761 2 Telephon e (919 ) 781-575 0 

# FINA L 

# L E COPY

Date :
Subject : Apri l 15 , 198 5 (Finalized : Apri l 26 , 1985 )
Sit e Visit—C . S . Oh m Manufacturin g Company Surve y o f Chromiu

m Emissio nSources—Chromiu m Platin g EPA Contrac t 68-02-3817 ; ESE D Projec t 85/0 2 MR I Projec t 7711- L

SP From : Bar bDuletsk y ftp

To : Al Vervaer t

ESED/ISB/SS S (MD-13 ) U . S . Environmenta l Protectio nAgenc y Researc hTriangl e Park , N.C . 2771 1

I . Purpos e
Th e purpos e o f thi s sit e visi t wa s t o gathe r backgroun dinformatio n o nthe decorativ e chromiu m platin g operatio na t th e subjec t plan t an d t o determin e th e suitabilit y o f th e plan t fo r chromium emission s testing .
II . Plac e an

d Dat e

. -.. , C . S . Oh

m Manufacturin g Company 664 0 Sterlin g Driv e Sterlin g Heights , Michiga n4807 7 (313 ) 939-300 0 Marc h14 , 198 5 

# :n !
JA N I 8199 1 » {

III . Attendee s | SP A A^DZCZ^ T

C . S . Oh

m Manufacturin g Compan y
Rober t Waters , Platin g Plan t Superviso r
Midwes t Researc hInstitut e (MRI )

Bar bDuletsky

IV . Discussio n

I arrive da t th e plan t a t 1:0 0 p.m . Th e visi t bega nwit ha discussio nabou t decorativ e chromiu m platin g a t C . S . Ohm . Followin g this , I wa s give na tou r o f th e platin g facility , durin g whic hMr . Water s provide doperatin g informatio no nthe chromiu m platin g tank an

d the associate dcontro l device .

Principa l Laboratorie s 42 5 Volke rBoulevard , Kansa s City , Missour i 6411 0P. 3

A . Genera l

C . S . Oh m i s a norigina l equipmen t manufacture r (OEM ) o f bumper s fo r th e automotiv e industry . Th e platin g plan t wa s installe di n1978 , prio r t; o whic hbumper s manufacture db y C . S . Oh

m wer e plate da t loca l jobshops . Th e plan t operate s 2 4 hour s pe r day , 6 day s pe r week , 5 2 week s pe r year . Mr . Water s estimate dtha t ther e ar e abou t 1 0 othe r captiv e plater s o f OE M bumper s i nth e country .
B . Proces s
Th e platin g lin e consist s o f abou t 2 0 tank s tha t contai nvariou s platin g an

dcleanin g solutions . Th e lin e i s service db y anautomaticall y controlle dconveyo r tha t transfer s rack s o f bumper s t o eac htank 1 n sequence . Th e chromiu m platin g segmen t o f th e lin e i s comprise do f on e platin g tank , on e evaporatio ntank , an dthre e rins e tanks . Th e chromiu

m platin g tank measure s 1 0 fee t (ft ) i nlength , 4. 5 f t i n width , 8 f t i ndepth , andhold s 2,80 0 gallon s o f platin g solution . Th e solutio ncontain s chromi c aci di na concentratio no f 4 6 ounce s pe r gallo n (oz/gal) . Mr . Water s note dtha t th e concentratio nuse db y decorativ e plater s varie s betwee n3 0 an d5 0 oz/gal , dependin g o nth e "throwin g power " required . Th e nee dfo r throwin g powe r increase s a s th e distanc e betwee n th e electrode s an

dth e part s t o b e plate dincreases . Th e highthrowin g powe r achieve da t C . S . Oh m enable s chromiu

m t o b e deposite do nsurface s tha t ar e curve do r recesse dawa y fro m th e electrodes . Th e tota l chromi c aci dconsumptio na t C . S . Oh m i s abou t 18,00 0 pound s pe r year . Typically , a rac k remain s i nth e chromiu m platin g tank fo r 4. 5 minutes , althoug helectrolysi s occur s fo r onl y 1.7 5 minutes . Th e norma l operatin g temperatur e o f th e tank i s betwee n115 ° an d145°F . Th e electrode s ar e charge db y a singl e transformer/rectifie r se t tha t automaticall y

control s th e operatin g voltag e an dcurrent . Durin g a typica l platin g cycle , th e tank operate s a t 2 volt s (V ) an d50 0 ampere s (A ) fo r 1 5 second s t o activat e th e nickel-plate dsurfaces . Then , th e voltag e increase s t o 1 3 V

an dth e curren t increase s t o 18,00 0 A fo r 1. 5 minutes , durin g whic hchromiu

m i s deposite do nth e activate dsurfaces . Thi s 1. 5 minute s i s calle d"electrolysis. "

C . Contro l

C . S . Oh m use s a demistin g agen t inth e chromiu m platin g solutio nt o inhibi t th e releas e o f hydroge nga s bubbles . Th e demistin g agen t i s calle d MSP- 1 an di s manufacture db

y Harshaw

Chemicals , inCleveland , Ohio , (216 ) 441-4900 . Mr . Water s suggeste dtha t I cal l chemica l manufacturer s suc ha s M&T , Allied , Essex , o r Harshaw , t o obtai nestimate s o f th e contro l efficienc y

o f demistin g agents . Th e chromiu

m platin g tank an

devaporatio ntank ar e equippe dwit ha push-pul l ventilatio nsystem . Ai r jet s o non e en do f th e tank s pus hmis t acros s th e platin g solutio nt o a 4-foot-hig hhoo do nth e othe r end . A n induce ddraf t fa ndrive nb y a 20-horsepowe r moto r draw s emission s fro m th eP. 4

tan k throug ha circula r duc t t o a fume scrubbe r mounte do nth e roof . Th e scrubbe r i s manufacture db y Viro nInternationa l an di s a we t pack-be d scrubbe r wit ha desig nga s flow rat e o f 16,00 0 standar dcubi c fee t pe r minut e (scfm) . Th e treate dgase s ar e exhauste dthroug hth e fa nan da 3-foot-hig hstac k befor e exitin g t o th e atmosphere . A diagram

o f th e contro l system

i s presente di nFigur e 1 . A descriptio no f th e fume scrubbe r ha s bee nsupplie db y Viro nInternationa l an di s include da s Attachmen t A .
Mr . Water s note dtha t th e leve l o f emission s fro m a chromiu

m platin g tank i s primaril y

dependen t o nth e amoun t o f time th e electrode s ar e charging , th e amoun t o f curren t flowing , an dth e surfac e are a bein g plated . H e als o suggeste dtha t th e 3 minute s o f "deadtime " durin g eac h platin g cycl e actuall y suppres s th e formatio no f hydroge nga s durin g th e 1. 5 minute s o f electrolysis , althoug hhe wa s no t awar e o f an y tes t dat a tha t woul dsubstantiat e thi s theory .
D . Conclusion s
C . S . Oh m i s a captiv e plate r performin g decorativ e chromiu m platin g o f OEM bumpers . Emission s fro m th e chromiu

m platin g tank appeare dt o b e effectivel y

controlle db

y a demistin g agen t an da fume scrubber . Visibl e fume s generate ddurin g th e time th e electrode s wer e bein g charge dwer e observe dt o b e completel y capture db

y th e push-pul l ventilatio nsystem an d ther e wer e no visibl e emission s observe dexitin g fro m th e scrubbe r stack . Inle t an doutle t testin g o f th e contro l devic e ar e feasible ; however , port s nee dt o b e installed , an dth e stac k ma y

nee dt o be extended . Plan t personne l ar e no t oppose dt o a tes t being performe da t thi s site . Tes t dat a fro m thi s plan t coul db e use dt o determin e bot hth e emission s fro m an automate ddecorativ e chromiu m platin g tank controlle db y a demistin g agen t an dth e performanc e o f a fume scrubbe r incontrollin g thos e emissions . Attachmen t



### 3,P. 5

16,00 0 SCF M T O ATMOSPHER E

MA YNEE D T O CONSTRUC T TEMPORAR YSTAC K

y y yyyyyyyyy y Figur e 1 . Diagra

m o f decorativ e chromiu m platin g lin e an

demission s contro l syste

m a t C . S . Ohm'Manufacturin g Company .



## ¥.* Attachmen t A P. 6

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A t th e entranc e o

f th e scrubber , contaminate d ai r i s decelerate d t o 42 5 FP M velocity

. Th e ai r i s totall y wette d throug h fin e wate r spra y nozzles , causin g th e larg e ai r born e contaminate d particle s t o be absorbed

. A

s th e saturate d ai r move s throug h th e first 12 " pack , th e contaminate d particle s adhere t o th e non-conjestive ampullaceou s surfaces o f th e filte r mas

s an d ar e washe d away
. Th e ai r continue s movin g int o othe r fin e jet wate r spra y nozzles , causin g th e remainde r o f th e ai r born e contaminate s to be absorbe d b

y th e water

. Agai n a s th e saturated ai r moves throug h th e secon d 12 " pac k whic h i s als o floode d fro m th e to p b

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f overflow wate r jets , th e remainde r o f stubbor n particle s adher e t o th e non-conjestiv

e ampullaceou s surface s o

f th e filte r mas

s an d ar e washed away
. Fo r maximu m cleansin g a 5 " thic k POLY-PR O tubula r back-u p filte r an d moistur

e eliminato r i s pro vide d an d finally , clea n ai r i s re leased fro m th e scrubber

. Thi s i s on e o

f ou r mos

t efficien t scrubbers an d i s use

d especiall y o n hard to scru b fume s suc h a s Brigh t Dip , Di e Casting , Etching ,

an d Stripping

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