# Patent

## Title
Curative treatment system, curative treatment device, and treatment method for living tissue using energy

## Abstract

A treatment system includes an energy source, a pair of holding portions, an output portion and a cooling section. To hold a living tissue of a treatment target, at least one of the pair of the holding portions relatively moves with respect to the other holding portion. The output portion is disposed on at least one of the holding portions and connected with the energy source. Moreover, the output portion thermally denatures the living tissue, when the energy is supplied from the energy source. The cooling section inhibits the thermal spread in a direction away from the output portion.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a treatment system which applies energy to a living tissue while the living tissue is held, a treatment device, and a treatment method for a living tissue by use of energy.
2. Description of the Related Art
There are known various treatment devices for use methods such as an open type which extracts a tissue and the like from one's body to perform a treatment outside the body and a laparoscopic type which is inserted into an abdominal cavity (the body) through an abdominal wall to perform a treatment.
For example, EP1 372 505 B1 discloses an electro-surgical instrument reducing thermal spread. A mechanical barrier made of a compliant material is disposed around electrodes of an end effecter of the electro-surgical instrument. The barrier inhibits radiation of heat and diffusion of vapor from the surfaces of the electrodes. Therefore, the electro-surgical instrument can reduce the thermal spread to a living tissue around a living tissue which is a treatment target.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment system which applies energy to a living tissue to perform a treatment. The treatment system includes:
an energy source which supplies the energy;
a pair of holding portions which hold the living tissue, at least one of the holding portions being configured to relatively move with respect to the other holding portion;
an output portion disposed on at least one of the holding portions and connected with the energy source, the output portion being configured to thermally denature the living tissue by the energy supplied from the energy source; and
a cooling section which inhibits the thermal spread in a direction away from the output portion.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment device which applies energy to a living tissue. The treatment device includes:
a holding section which holds the living tissue, the holding section including:

    
    
        first and second holding portions which relatively move with respect to each other;
        an output portion disposed on at least one of the first holding portion and the second holding portion and connected with an energy source, the output portion being configured to thermally denature the living tissue by the energy supplied from the energy source at a time when the living tissue is held between the first holding portion and the second holding portion; and
        a cooling section which inhibits the spread of heat from the denatured living tissue to a surrounding area thereof.
    
    


According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment method for a living tissue by use of energy. The treatment method includes:
holding the living tissue;
supplying the energy to the held living tissue;
guiding, in a predetermined direction, a fluid including a gas and/or a liquid generated from the living tissue to which the energy has been supplied; and
cooling the fluid.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a treatment method for a living tissue by use of energy. The treatment method includes:
holding the living tissue;
supplying the energy to the held living tissue to denature the living tissue to which the energy has been supplied; and
guiding, in a predetermined direction, a fluid including a gas and/or a liquid generated from the denatured living tissue; and
cooling a surrounding area of the denatured living tissue in order to prevent the thermal spread from the held living tissue to the surrounding area of the held living tissue.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWING
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2A is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a shaft and a state where a first holding portion and a second holding portion of a holding section are closed in an electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 2B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the shaft and a state where the second holding portion of the holding section are opened with respect to the first holding portion in the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3A is a schematic plan view showing the first holding portion on a side close to the second holding portion in the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 3B-3B line of FIG. 3A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 3C-3C line of FIG. 3A, showing the first holding portion and the second holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a modification of a treatment system according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5A is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 3C-3C line of FIG. 3A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 5B is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 3C-3C line of FIG. 3A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 5C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 3C-3C line of FIG. 3A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 5D is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 3C-3C line of FIG. 3A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 6A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion in a holding section of an electro-surgical device according to a second embodiment;
FIG. 6B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 6B-6B line of FIG. 6A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 6C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 6C-6C line of FIG. 6A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 7A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion in a holding section of an electro-surgical device according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 7B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 7B-7B line of FIG. 7A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 7C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 7C-7C line of FIG. 7A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 7D is a schematic perspective view showing a barrier portion and a high-frequency electrode arranged at an electrode arrangement portion of the first holding portion in the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 8A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion in a holding section of an electro-surgical device according to a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 8B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 8B-8B line of FIG. 8A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the third embodiment;
FIG. 8C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 8C-8C line of FIG. 8A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 8D is a schematic perspective view showing a barrier portion and a high-frequency electrode arranged at an electrode arrangement portion of the first holding portion in the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the fourth embodiment;
FIG. 9A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion in a holding section of an electro-surgical device according to a fifth embodiment;
FIG. 9B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 9B-9B line of FIG. 9A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the fifth embodiment;
FIG. 9C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 9B-9B line of FIG. 9A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the fifth embodiment;
FIG. 10A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion in a holding section of an electro-surgical device according to a sixth embodiment;
FIG. 10B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 10B-10B line of FIG. 10A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the sixth embodiment;
FIG. 11A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion in a holding section of an electro-surgical device according to a seventh embodiment;
FIG. 11B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 11B-11B line of FIG. 11A, showing the first and second holding portions of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the seventh embodiment;
FIG. 11C is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 11B-11B line of FIG. 11A, showing distal ends of main bodies of the first and second holding portions in the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the seventh embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a treatment system according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13A is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a shaft and a state where a first holding portion and a second holding portion of a holding section are closed in an electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 13B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the shaft and a state where the second holding portion of the holding section are opened with respect to the first holding portion in the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 14A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to the second holding portion in the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 14B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 14B-14B line of FIG. 14A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 14C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 14C-14C line of FIG. 14A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 15A is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 14C-14C line of FIG. 14A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 15B is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 14C-14C line of FIG. 14A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 15C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 14C-14C line of FIG. 14A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 15D is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 14C-14C line of FIG. 14A, showing a modification of the first holding portion of the holding section of the electro-surgical device according to the eighth embodiment;
FIG. 16A is a schematic plan view showing a first holding portion on a side close to a second holding portion of a holding section of a laser treatment device according to a ninth embodiment;
FIG. 16B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view cut along the 16B-16B line of FIG. 16A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the laser treatment device according to the ninth embodiment;
FIG. 16C is a schematic cross sectional view cut along the 16C-16C line of FIG. 16A, showing the first holding portion of the holding section of the laser treatment device according to the ninth embodiment;
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a treatment system according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18A is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which a main body side holding portion engages with a detachable side holding portion and the detachable side holding portion is disposed away from the main body side holding portion of an electro-surgical device according to the tenth embodiment;
FIG. 18B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the main body side holding portion engages with the detachable side holding portion and the detachable side holding portion is disposed close to the main body side holding portion of the electro-surgical device according to the tenth embodiment;
FIG. 19A is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the main body side holding portion and the detachable side holding portion are separated from each other of the electro-surgical device according to the tenth embodiment;
FIG. 19B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the state in which the main body side holding portion and the detachable side holding portion are separated from each other of the electro-surgical device according to the tenth embodiment;
FIG. 20 is a schematic plan view showing the main body side holding portion of the electro-surgical device according to the tenth embodiment;
FIG. 21 is a schematic plan view showing a main body side holding portion of an electro-surgical device according to an eleventh embodiment;
FIG. 22A is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a main body side holding portion and a detachable side holding portion are separated from each other of an electro-surgical device according to a twelfth embodiment; and
FIG. 22B is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the main body side holding portion and the detachable side holding portion are separated from each other of the electro-surgical device according to the twelfth embodiment.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The best mode for carrying out this invention will hereinafter be described with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment
A first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5D.
Here, as an example of an energy treatment device, a linear type bipolar electro-surgical device 12 which performs a treatment through, for example, an abdominal wall will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a treatment system 10 includes the electro-surgical device (a treatment device for curing) 12 and an energy source 14.
The electro-surgical device 12 includes a handle 22, a shaft 24 and an openable/closable holding section 26. The handle 22 is connected with the energy source 14 via a cable 28. The energy source 14 is connected to a foot switch and a handle switch (not shown). Therefore, these foot and hand switches are operated by an operator to switch ON/OFF of the supply of energy from the energy source 14 to the electro-surgical device 12.
The handle 22 is substantially formed into an L-shape. The shaft 24 is disposed on one end of the handle 22. The cable 28 is extended from a proximal side of the handle 22 disposed coaxially with the shaft 24.
On the other hand, the other end of the handle 22 is a grip held by the operator. The handle 22 includes a holding section opening/closing knob 32 arranged on the other end of the handle 22. The holding section opening/closing knob 32 is connected with a proximal end of a sheath 44 described later of the shaft 24 substantially at the center of the handle 22. When the holding section opening/closing knob 32 is allowed to come close to or come away from the other end of the handle 22, the sheath 44 moves along an axial direction of the shaft 24.
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the shaft 24 includes a cylindrical member 42 and the sheath 44 slidably disposed outside the cylindrical member 42. A proximal end of the cylindrical member 42 is fixed to the handle 22. The sheath 44 is slidable along an axial direction of the cylindrical member 42.
Outside the cylindrical member 42, concave portion 46 is formed along the axial direction of the cylindrical member 42. The concave portion 46 is provided with a first conducting line 92a connected to a first high-frequency electrode 56 described later. A second conducting line 92b connected to a second high-frequency electrode 58 described later is passed through the cylindrical member 42.
Furthermore, the cylindrical member 42 and the sheath 44 of the shaft 24 are provided with fluid discharge ports 48a, 48b from which a fluid such as a vapor (a gas) or a liquid (a tissue liquid) (described later) is discharged. The fluid discharge ports 48a, 48b are formed on a proximal end of the shaft 24.
Here, a connection mouthpiece (not shown) may be disposed at the fluid discharge port 48b of the sheath 44. At this time, the fluid discharged later is discharged through a first fluid discharge groove 84a, a second fluid discharge groove 84b and the connection mouthpiece. In this case, when a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid is sucked through the connection mouthpiece, the fluid can easily be discharged from the fluid discharge ports 48a, 48b. 
It is to be noted that it is preferable that the fluid discharge ports 48a, 48b are arranged at the shaft 24, but it is preferable that the ports are arranged at the handle 22 instead of the shaft 24.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 2B, the holding section 26 is disposed at a distal end of the shaft 24. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the holding section 26 includes a first holding portion 52, a second holding portion 54, the first high-frequency electrode 56 as an output portion or an energy emitting portion, and the second high-frequency electrode 58 as another output portion or another energy emitting portion.
It is preferable that the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 entirely have insulating properties, respectively. Especially, surrounding areas of an electrode arrangement portion 86 described later are formed so as to have the insulating properties.
The first holding portion 52 integrally includes a first holding portion main body (hereinafter referred to mainly as the main body) 62 provided with the first high-frequency electrode 56 and a base portion 64 disposed at a proximal end of the main body 62. The second holding portion 54 integrally includes a second holding portion main body 66 provided with the second high-frequency electrode 58 and a base portion 68 disposed at a proximal end of the main body 66.
The base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 is fixed to a distal end of the cylindrical member 42 of the shaft 24. On the other hand, the base portion 68 of the second holding portion 54 is rotatably supported at the distal end of the cylindrical member 42 of the shaft 24 by a support pin 72 disposed in a direction crossing the axial direction of the shaft 24 at right angles. The second holding portion 54 can rotate around an axis of the support pin 72 to open or close with respect to the first holding portion 52. Moreover, the second holding portion 54 is urged so as to open with respect to the first holding portion 52 by an elastic member 74 such as a leaf spring.
As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, outer surfaces of the main bodies 62 and 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 are formed into smooth curved surfaces. Similarly, outer surfaces of the base portions 64 and 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 are also formed into smooth curved surfaces. While the second holding portion 54 is closed with respect to the first holding portion 52, sections of the main bodies 62, 66 of the holding portions 52, 54 are formed into substantially circular or elliptic shapes, respectively, as shown in FIG. 3C. When the second holding portion 54 is closed with respect to the first holding portion 52, the base portions 64, 68 are formed into cylindrical shapes. In this state, a diameter of each of the proximal ends of the main bodies 62, 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 is formed to be larger than a diameter of each of the base portions 64, 68. Moreover, stepped portions 76a, 76b are formed between the main bodies 62, 66 and the base portions 64, 68, respectively.
Here, in the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, while the second holding portion 54 is closed with respect to the first holding portion 52, a substantially circular or elliptic outer peripheral surface formed by combining the base portions 64, 68 of the holding portions 52, 54 is substantially the same plane as that of an outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the cylindrical member 42, or a diameter of the outer peripheral surface is formed to be slightly larger than that of the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the cylindrical member 42. Therefore, the sheath 44 can be slid with respect to the cylindrical member 42 to cover the base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 with a distal end of the sheath 44. In this state, as shown in FIG. 2A, the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 close against an urging force of the elastic member 74. On the other hand, the sheath 44 is slid toward the proximal end of the cylindrical member 42 from the state in which the base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 are covered with the distal end of the sheath 44. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2B, the second holding portion 54 is opened with respect to the first holding portion 52 by the urging force of the elastic member 74.
As shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, on a side of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 close to the main body 66 of the second holding portion 54, the surface (hereinafter referred to as a contact surface) of an edge portion (a barrier portion) 82a which comes into contact with a living tissue is formed into, for example, a flat shape. As shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C, the first fluid discharge groove (a first channel) 84a opened as a channel of a fluid such as a vapor or a high-temperature liquid is formed on an inner side of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52. The first fluid discharge groove 84a is formed into an annular shape so as to have a concave section. Moreover, the base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 is provided with the second fluid discharge groove 84b opened as a channel of a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid and formed so as to have a concave section. The second fluid discharge groove 84b is formed continuously from the first fluid discharge groove 84a along the axial direction of the shaft 24.
On an inner side of the first fluid discharge groove 84a formed in the main body 62, the electrode arrangement portion 86 is formed as a seat on which the first high-frequency electrode 56 is disposed. The electrode arrangement portion 86 is present at a position lower than that of the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the main body 62. That is, the electrode arrangement portion 86 is formed into a recessed state with respect to the edge portion 82a of the main body 62.
A contact surface between the plate-like first high-frequency electrode 56 and the living tissue, which faces the second holding portion 54, is formed into a flat surface, and the first high-frequency electrode 56 is fixed to the electrode arrangement portion 86. For example, a proximal end of the first high-frequency electrode 56 on a side opposite to a side facing the second holding portion 54 is electrically connected with a first electrode connector 88a. The first electrode connector 88a is connected with the cable 28 extended from the handle 22 via the first conducting line 92a. 
Moreover, in a state in which the first high-frequency electrode 56 is disposed at the electrode arrangement portion 86 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 is protruded from the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 56. That is, the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 is present at a position higher than that of the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 56. A height difference between the contact surface and the surface is appropriately set to, for example, about 0.5 mm.
It is to be noted that, although not shown, the main body 66 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 of the second holding portion 54 are formed symmetrically with respect to the main body 62 and the first high-frequency electrode 56 of the first holding portion 52. Therefore, when the second holding portion 54 is closed with respect to the first holding portion 52, the edge portion 82a of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 and the edge portion 82b of the main body 66 of the second holding portion 54 abut on each other (see FIG. 3C), but a space S is formed between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 as shown in FIG. 2A.
As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, outside the edge portion (the barrier portion) 82a of the first holding portion 52, a conduit arrangement portion 96 is formed which is provided with a conduit (a second channel) 98 which passes a cooling fluid such as a gas or a liquid (cooling water). The conduit 98 disposed at the conduit arrangement portion 96 is formed into, for example, a cylindrical shape. An outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 is disposed so as to come into contact with a surface virtually extended from the contact surface of the edge portion 82a. That is, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 along the axial direction is substantially the same plane as that of the contact surface of the edge portion 82a. 
Moreover, the conduit 98 is passed through, for example, the cylindrical member 42 of the shaft 24, or a concave portion is formed at an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical member 42. In consequence, the conduit 98 is extended to, for example, the handle 22. The conduit 98 is extended from the handle 22, disposed along the cable 28, and connected with a pump (not shown). In consequence, a fluid such as the cooling water can be circulated through the conduit 98.
It is to be noted that the conduit 98 is formed of, for example, a metal material or the like having a high thermal conductivity. Therefore, when the fluid is passed through the conduit 98, a temperature of the fluid is transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 is cooled.
Next, a function of the treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2A, while the second holding portion 54 is closed with respect to the first holding portion 52, the holding section 26 and the shaft 24 of the electro-surgical device 12 are inserted into an abdominal cavity through the abdominal wall. The holding section 26 of the electro-surgical device 12 is opposed to the living tissue which is a treatment target.
When the living tissue as the treatment target is held between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, the holding section opening/closing knob 32 of the handle 22 is operated. At this time, the sheath 44 is moved toward a proximal side of the shaft 24 on the cylindrical member 42. A cylindrical shape cannot be maintained between the base portions 64 and 68 owing to the urging force of the elastic member 74, and the second holding portion 54 opens from the first holding portion 52.
Moreover, the living tissue which is the treatment target is disposed between the first high-frequency electrode 56 of the first holding portion 52 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 of the second holding portion 54. In this state, the holding section opening/closing knob 32 of the handle 22 is operated. At this time, the sheath 44 is moved toward a distal side of the shaft 24 with respect to the cylindrical member 42. The base portions 64, 68 are closed by the sheath 44 against the urging force of the elastic member 74 to form the cylindrical shape between the base portions 64, 68. In consequence, the first holding portion main body 62 formed integrally with the base portion 64 and the second holding portion main body 66 formed integrally with the base portion 68 are closed. That is, the second holding portion 54 is closed with respect to the first holding portion 52. In consequence, the living tissue as the treatment target is grasped between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
At this time, the living tissue of the treatment target comes into contact with both of the first high-frequency electrode 56 disposed at the first holding portion 52 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 disposed at the second holding portion 54. A peripheral tissue of the living tissue of the treatment target comes into close contact with both of the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and a contact surface of the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into close contact with the conduits 98 disposed outside the edge portions 82a, 82b of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
In this state, the foot switch and the hand switch are operated. The energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 via the cable 28, the first and second conducting lines 92a, 92b and the first and second conducting connectors 88a, 88b. On the other hand, the cooling water is supplied to the conduit 98.
Between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58, a high-frequency current is conducted via the living tissue of the treatment target. In consequence, the living tissue held between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 is heated.
As described above, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue. That is, heat in the living tissue is transferred through the living tissue. Therefore, even if the living tissue is brought into close contact with the edge portions 82a, 82b of the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the heat sometimes spreads over the edge portions 82a, 82b to the living tissue disposed outside the first and second holding portions 52, 54.
Here, the cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98 arranged outside the edge portions 82a, 82b. Therefore, the living tissue brought into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 having the high thermal conductivity is cooled. In consequence, an influence of the heat which spreads from the living tissue of the treatment target between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 to the surrounding living tissue is suppressed at a portion which comes into close contact with the conduit 98. That is, the spread of the heat directed from the living tissue of the treatment target to the surrounding living tissue is suppressed, when cooling the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, a fluid, for example, a high-temperature vapor or a liquid such as a body liquid (a tissue liquid) at normal temperature to high temperature is sometimes generated, because the living tissue includes a liquid component (a moisture).
Here, when the first high-frequency electrode 56 is fixed to the electrode arrangement portion 86 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 56 exposed on a second holding portion 54 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52. Similarly, when the second high-frequency electrode 58 is fixed to the electrode arrangement portion 86 of the main body 66 of the second holding portion 54, the surface of the second high-frequency electrode 58 exposed on a first holding portion 52 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the contact surface of the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54. Therefore, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid generated from the living tissue hits inner surfaces of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54. At this time, since the contact surfaces of the edge portions 82a, 82b come into close contact with the peripheral tissue of the living tissue of the treatment target, the inner surfaces of the edge portions 82a, 82b perform functions of the barrier portions (dams) in which a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid is prevented from leaking to the outside.
In this case, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid generated from the living tissue hits the inner surfaces of the edge portions 82a, 82b of the main bodies 62, 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, and leads on the first fluid discharge groove 84a. Moreover, the fluid flows toward the second fluid discharge groove 84b of the base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, which communicates with the first fluid discharge groove 84a. 
The fluid further leads on the cylindrical member 42 from the second fluid discharge groove 84b of the base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. Moreover, the fluid is derived from the shaft 24 through the fluid discharge port 48a of the cylindrical member 42 and the fluid discharge port 48b of the sheath 44.
Moreover, if there are gaps between the living tissue and the contact surfaces of the edge portions 82a, 82b, the fluid exits from the gaps between the living tissue and the edge portions 82a, 82b. In this case, the fluid touches the conduit 98. In consequence, the fluid is cooled. Even if, for example, the high-temperature fluid exits from the holding section 26 in this manner, the fluid touches the conduit 98 and is therefore cooled to prevent the living tissue around the living tissue grasped by the holding section 26 from being influenced.
To end the treatment, the operation of the foot switch or the hand switch is stopped. In this case, the supply of the energy from the energy source 14 to the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 stops, and the supply of the cooling water to the conduit 98 also stops.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where the electro-surgical device 12 applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by the holding section 26, the conduits 98 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 through which the fluid for cooling is passed, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the peripheral tissue of the living tissue of the treatment target. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the conduit 98 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when the thermal spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at a portion which comes into contact with the conduit 98. In this case, it can more securely be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue.
When the conduit 98 capable of passing the fluid for cooling is disposed outside the holding section 26 in this manner, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the edge portions 82a, 82b of the first and second holding portions 52, 54.
Therefore, according to this embodiment, unlike EP1 372 505 B1 described above, the living tissue can directly be cooled to more securely suppress the thermal spread.
Furthermore, it is useful for the suppression of the thermal influence on the living tissue to dispose a channel which guides a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid to a position where the fluid does not come into contact with the tissue as in the present embodiment. For example, when a tissue larger than the holding section 26 to such an extent as to cover the holding section 26 is treated, the outside of the holding section 26 can be prevented from being thermally influenced by the discharged fluid. Such a specially large effect can be obtained. In a case where a small open portion (a space) from which a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid leaks is formed in the holding section 26, the fluid is discharged from the portion, and the living tissue around the holding section 26 is thermally influenced.
Moreover, even when peripheries of the high-frequency electrodes (energy emitting portions) 56, 58 are covered with the barrier portions 82a, 82b in order to eliminate such open portion, the open portion is formed by a fluid pressure such as a generated vapor pressure, and the fluid might be discharged. To solve the problem, it is useful means to inhibit the fluid from being unnecessarily discharged owing to a rise of the fluid pressure and dispose a channel (the first fluid discharge groove 84a) which guides the fluid in a predetermined direction to discharge the fluid.
That is, the living tissue itself around the living tissue of the treatment target can directly be cooled so as to prevent a thermal damage on the living tissue, for which denaturation is not desired, around the living tissue of the treatment target. Furthermore, a fluid such as the vapor generated from the living tissue can be discharged to the first fluid discharge groove 84a. The tissue around the treatment target can more securely be prevented from being thermally damaged owing to a synergistic effect of two functions including a function of directly cooling the living tissue and a function of discharging the fluid generated from the heated living tissue in this manner. The electro-surgical device 12 which produces such excellent functions and effects unlike a conventional technology can be provided.
In addition, when the electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by the holding section 26, the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and the contact surface of the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid discharge groove 84a on inner sides of these edge portions 82a, 82b. 
That is, in a case where the first high-frequency electrode 56 does not come into contact with the second high-frequency electrode 58 and the living tissue is grasped between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, when the edge portions 82a, 82b come into close contact with the living tissue, the edge portions 82a, 82b do not have to be arranged as the barrier portions. Even in this case, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid discharge groove 84a. 
As described above, the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target can be discharged from the electro-surgical device 12 through the first fluid discharge grooves 84a formed between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and between the second high-frequency electrode 58 and the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54, the second fluid discharge grooves 84b of the base portions 64, 68 of the holding section 26, the fluid discharge port 48a of the cylindrical member 42 of the shaft 24 and the fluid discharge port 48b of the sheath 44. Therefore, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid can be prevented from leaking around the living tissue held by the holding section 26. In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the vapor generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58.
Moreover, as described above, the contact surfaces of the edge portions 82a, 82b are arranged as the barrier portions at the positions higher than those of the surfaces of the first and second high-frequency electrodes 56, 58. In consequence, it is possible to improve a close contact property between the living tissue and the edge portions 82a, 82b. Therefore, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid can more securely be introduced into the first fluid discharge groove 84a. 
Furthermore, even if the high-temperature fluid is discharged from the first and second holding portions 52, 54 through the gaps between the living tissue and the edge portions 82a, 82b, the fluid touches the conduit 98, and can be cooled. Therefore, the living tissue around the living tissue held by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being influenced.
It is to be noted that in this embodiment, it has been described that the surfaces of the high-frequency electrodes 56, 58 which come into close contact with the living tissue and the contact surfaces of the edge portions 82a, 82b are flat, but the surfaces may variously be changed to, for example, a corrugated surface, a curved surface or the like in accordance with a shape of the living tissue of the treatment target.
In this embodiment, the bipolar electro-surgical device 12 has been described in which the first holding portion 52 is provided with the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second holding portion 54 is provided with the second high-frequency electrode 58. In addition, it is preferable that the present embodiment is similarly applied to a mono-polar electro-surgical device (not shown) in which the high-frequency electrode is disposed in, for example, the first holding portion 52 or the second holding portion 54 only or the holding portions 52, 54 are provided with electrodes of the same pole, respectively. That is, it is preferable that the first fluid discharge grooves 84a are similarly formed between the electrode as a holding surface and the edge portions 82a, 82b of the holding portions 52, 54.
In this embodiment, it has been described that the stepped portion 76a is disposed between the main body 62 and the base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 and the stepped portion 76b is disposed between the main body 66 and the base portion 68 of the second holding portion 54. In addition, it is also preferable that, instead of arranging these stepped portions 76a, 76b, the main bodies 62, 66 and the base portions 64, 68 are formed into, for example, tapered shapes. In this case, needless to say, a proximal end of the sheath 44 is formed so as to have a diameter larger than that of the base portion 64 or 68. At this time, when the sheath 44 moves toward the distal end of the cylindrical member 42 and is engaged with the tapered portion, the holding section 26 closes. When the sheath 44 moves toward the proximal end of the cylindrical member 42 to come away from the tapered portion, the holding section 26 opens.
In this embodiment, the linear electro-surgical device 12 for treating the living tissue in the abdominal cavity (in a body) through the abdominal wall has been described as an example. However, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, an open type linear electro-surgical device (a treatment device for curing) 12a may be used which extracts a treatment target tissue out of the body through the abdominal wall to treat the tissue.
The electro-surgical device 12a includes a handle 22 and a holding section 26. That is, unlike the electro-surgical device 12 for treating the tissue through the abdominal wall, the shaft 24 (see FIG. 1) is omitted. On the other hand, a member having a function similar to that of the shaft 24 is disposed in the handle 22. Therefore, the device can be used in the same manner as in the electro-surgical device 12 described above with reference to FIG. 1.
For example, when the open type linear electro-surgical device 12a is used in this manner, a fluid such as a vapor may be discharged away from a living tissue directly from main bodies 62, 66 of first and second holding portions 52, 54 through a first fluid discharge groove 84a. That is, it is preferable to dispose an opening for discharging the vapor, which communicates with the first fluid discharge groove 84a, in the main bodies 62, 66 of the first and second holding portions 52, 54. If the living tissue is thermally influenced by a fluid such as the vapor, the fluid may be discharged from the holding section 26 by use of the electro-surgical device 12a having the opening (not shown) for discharging the fluid selectively disposed so that the living tissue is not substantially affected. Therefore, even a case where a living tissue in the living tissue cavity is treated using the electro-surgical device 12 shown in FIG. 1 is allowable, depending on a positional relation between the holding section 26 and the living tissue. The also applies to a circular electro-surgical device 12c of a tenth embodiment described later (see FIG. 17).
It is to be noted that, as shown in examples of FIGS. 5A to 5D, structures of first and second holding portions 52, 54 may variously be modified.
FIG. 5A shows a state in which a cross section of the conduit 98 disposed at a conduit arrangement portion 96 is formed into a substantially rectangular shape. Moreover, a side surface of the conduit 98 is disposed at substantially the same plane as that of a contact surface of an edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52. Therefore, a contact area between a living tissue and the conduit 98 can further be broadened.
FIG. 5B shows a state in which a cylindrical conduit 98 is formed below a contact surface of an edge portion 82a. 
FIG. 5C shows a state in which a first high-frequency electrode 56 comes into contact with a conduit 98, therefore the cylindrical conduit 98 has an insulating property, and the conduit 98 functions as a barrier portion. Therefore, since any space is not required for edge portions 82a, 82b, widths of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 can be reduced. Alternatively, widths of the first high-frequency electrode 56 and a second high-frequency electrode 58 can be increased.
FIG. 5D shows a state in which a main body of the first holding portion 52 on a side away from the second holding portion 54 is covered with a heat sink (a heat radiation member) 108. The heat sink 108 is formed of, for example, a metal material having a high thermal conductivity. To increase a contact area with outside air or the like, an outer peripheral surface of the heat sink 108 is provided with a plurality of protrusions or fins denoted with reference numeral 108a. It is to be noted that edge portions 82a, 82b and a conduit 98 are omitted from a first fluid discharge groove 84a of the first holding portion 52. An end of the heat sink 108 also performs a function of a barrier portion (a contact surface of the edge portion).
Therefore, in a case where heat is transferred to a surrounding living tissue owing to thermal spread, if the living tissue touches the heat sink 108, the heat transferred through the living tissue is transferred to the heat sink 108. Since the heat sink 108 is formed so as to enlarge a contact area with the outside, heat exchange between the heat sink and the outside can be performed to efficiently emit the heat from the living tissue.
It is to be noted that in a case where the heat sink 108 is formed of a metal material, it is preferable to coat the heat sink with an insulating coating.
Second Embodiment
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6C. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, the same members as those described in the first embodiment are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 6C, a first fluid discharge groove 84a (see FIGS. 3A to 3C) is removed from an edge portion 82a of a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52. Moreover, in the edge portion 82a of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, an electrode arrangement portion 86 as a seat to be provided with a first high-frequency electrode 56 is formed adjacent to the edge portion 82a. The electrode arrangement portion 86 is provided with a first fluid discharge groove 112a along an axial direction of the main body 62. As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the first fluid discharge groove 112a is formed continuously to a second fluid discharge groove 112b of a base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52.
As shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, a stepped portion is formed between the surface of a first high-frequency electrode 56 and a contact surface of the edge portion 82a. The contact surface of the edge portion 82a is disposed at a position higher than that of the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 56. This stepped portion is, for example, about 0.5 mm.
The first high-frequency electrode 56 is provided with circular holes 114 extended through a first high-frequency electrode 56 at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the main body 62. The circular holes 114 communicate with the first fluid discharge groove 112a of the electrode arrangement portion 86. It is to be noted that here, the circular holes 114 have been described, but variously shaped holes such as an elliptic hole and a polygonal hole are allowable.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is held between the first holding portion 52 and a second holding portion 54. At this time, the contact surface of the edge portion (a barrier portion) 82a comes into close contact with the living tissue, and the living tissue comes into contact with the first high-frequency electrode 56 and a second high-frequency electrode 58. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into close contact with a conduit 98 disposed outside the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58, respectively. On the other hand, cooling water is supplied to the conduit 98. Moreover, the living tissue held between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 is heated.
As described above, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
Here, the cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98 arranged outside the edge portions 82a, 82b, respectively. Therefore, the living tissue brought into close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 having a high thermal conductivity is cooled. Therefore, an influence of heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58 is suppressed at a portion brought into close contact with the conduit 98. That is, the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target is cooled to thereby suppress the spread of the heat directed from the living tissue of the treatment target to the surrounding tissue.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, a fluid such as a high-temperature vapor or a liquid is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue.
Here, when the first high-frequency electrode 56 is fixed to the electrode arrangement portion 86 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 56 exposed on a second holding portion 54 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52. Similarly, when the second high-frequency electrode 58 is fixed to the electrode arrangement portion 86 of a main body 66 of the second holding portion 54, the surface of the second high-frequency electrode 58 exposed on a first holding portion 52 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of an edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54. Therefore, the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54 perform functions of barrier portions (dams) in which the fluid generated from the living tissue is prevented from leaking to the outside.
In this case, the fluid generated from the living tissue leads on the first fluid discharge groove 112a through the circular holes 114 of the first high-frequency electrode 56 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 and the circular holes 114 of the second high-frequency electrode 58 of the main body 66 of the second holding portion 54. Moreover, the fluid flows toward the second fluid discharge groove 112b of the base portion 64 and a base portion 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
Moreover, if there are gaps between the living tissue and the edge portions 82a, 82b, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid exits from the gaps between the living tissue and the edge portions 82a, 82b. In this case, the fluid touches the conduit 98. In consequence, the fluid is cooled.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where an electro-surgical device 12 applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 26, the conduits 98 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 through which the fluid for cooling is passed, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the peripheral tissue of the living tissue of the treatment target. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the conduit 98 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when the thermal spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at a portion which comes into contact with the conduit 98. In this case, it can securely be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, as described in the first embodiment, when the conduit 98 capable of passing the fluid for cooling is disposed outside the holding section 26, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the edge portions 82a, 82b of the first and second holding portions 52, 54.
In addition, when the electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target grasped by the holding section 26, the contact surface of the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and the contact surface of the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52 and the edge portion 82b of the second holding portion 54, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid discharge groove 112a on inner sides of the circular holes 114 of the high-frequency electrodes 56, 58.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58.
Moreover, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, even if the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the fluid touches the conduit 98, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue held by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being affected.
It is to be noted that in this embodiment, it has been described that the fluid leads on the first fluid discharge groove 112a through the circular holes 114, but as described in the first embodiment, it is also preferable that the first fluid discharge groove 84a (see FIG. 3A) is further disposed between the electrode arrangement portion 86 and first high-frequency electrode 56 and the edge portions 82a, 82b. That is, it is also preferable that the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 is provided with two fluid discharge grooves 84a, 112a. In this case, the fluid discharge groove 84a communicates with the other fluid discharge groove 112a at the electrode arrangement portion 86.
Third Embodiment
Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7D. This embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, the same members as those described in the second embodiment are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 7A to 7C, a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52 is provided with a conduit arrangement portion 96 in which a conduit 98 having a high thermal conductivity is disposed. A cooling plate 146 is disposed on the conduit 98. That is, the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 is provided with the cooling plate 146 to cover the conduit 98. In the cooling plate 146, two rows of circular electrode arrangement portions 122 are formed at a predetermined interval. The electrode arrangement portions 122 are provided with barrier portions 124. On an inner side of each barrier portion 124, a first high-frequency electrode 126 having a through hole 126a at the center of the electrode is disposed as an output portion or an energy emitting portion.
The surfaces of the first high-frequency electrodes 126 on a side close to a second holding portion 54 are present at positions lower than those of the barrier portions 124. That is, the barrier portion 124 is present above the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 126, and there is a stepped portion between the barrier portion 124 and the first high-frequency electrode 126.
As shown in FIGS. 7B and 7C, the main body 62 is provided with a first fluid discharge groove 128a along an axial direction of the main body 62. The first fluid discharge groove 128a communicates with the through holes 126a of the first high-frequency electrodes 126, respectively. The first fluid discharge groove 128a is formed continuously to a second fluid discharge groove 128b of a base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52.
It is to be noted that since the second holding portion 54 has a structure similar to that of the first holding portion 52, barrier portions and high-frequency electrodes are denoted with reference numerals used in the first holding portion 52, and description thereof is omitted.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is grasped between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. At this time, the barrier portions 124 come into close contact with the living tissue. Moreover, the living tissue comes into contact with the first high-frequency electrode 126 and a second high-frequency electrode 126. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into close contact with the cooling plates 146 disposed outside the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 126 and the second high-frequency electrode 126, respectively. On the other hand, cooling water is supplied to the conduit 98. Moreover, the living tissue held between the first high-frequency electrode 126 and the second high-frequency electrode 126 is heated.
As described above, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
At this time, according to a function similar to that described in the second embodiment, the thermal spread directed from the living tissue of the treatment target to the surrounding tissue is suppressed, when cooling the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target.
Here, the cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98 arranged outside the first and second holding portions 52, 54, respectively. Therefore, the living tissue is cooled via the cooling plate 146 brought into close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 having a high thermal conductivity. Therefore, an influence of the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target between the first high-frequency electrode 126 and the second high-frequency electrode 126 is suppressed at a portion brought into close contact with the cooling plate 146. That is, the spread of the heat from the living tissue of the treatment target is suppressed, when cooling the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, the living tissue held between the first high-frequency electrode 126 and the second high-frequency electrode 126, and a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue.
Here, when the first high-frequency electrode 126 is fixed to an inner side of each barrier portion 124 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 126 exposed on a second holding portion 54 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the barrier portion 124. This also applies to the second high-frequency electrode 126. Moreover, since the barrier portion 124 is brought into close contact with the living tissue, the fluid is prevented from leaking to the outside. In this case, the fluid generated from the living tissue leads on the first fluid discharge groove 128a through the through hole 126a of the first high-frequency electrode 126 and the through hole 126a of the second high-frequency electrode 126. Moreover, the fluid flows toward the second fluid discharge groove 128b of the base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. If there is a gap between the living tissue and the barrier portion 124, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid exits from the gap between the living tissue and the barrier portion 124. In this case, the fluid touches the cooling plate 146. In consequence, the fluid is cooled.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where an electro-surgical device 12 applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 26, the cooling plates 146 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 which are cooled, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the cooling plate 146 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when the thermal spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at a portion which comes into contact with the cooling plate 146. In this case, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, in a case where the cooling plate 146 having the surface which can be cooled is disposed at the holding section 26, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the first and second holding portions 52, 54.
When the electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by the holding section 26, the barrier portion 124 of the first holding portion 52 and the barrier portion 124 of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the barrier portion 124 of the first holding portion 52 and the barrier portion 124 of the second holding portion 54, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid discharge groove 128a on inner sides of the through holes 126a of the first high-frequency electrodes 126.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 126 and the second high-frequency electrode 126.
Moreover, in the same manner as in the conduit 98 of the second embodiment, even if the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the fluid touches the cooling plate 146, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue grasped by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being affected.
Furthermore, in the electro-surgical device 12 of this embodiment, the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 are provided with a plurality of high-frequency electrodes 126 in a discrete manner. Therefore, the treatment target can be minimized. That is, since a treatment target region can be limited to the inside of each barrier portion 124 and the living tissue of a portion around the barrier portion 124 keeps a normal state, the treated living tissue can be cured earlier.
It is to be noted that in this embodiment, a case where the barrier portions 124 and the first high-frequency electrodes 126 are arranged in two rows has been described, but these barrier portions 124 and first high-frequency electrodes 126 may be arranged at random.
Fourth Embodiment
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 8A to 8D. This embodiment is a modification of the third embodiment, the same members as those described in the third embodiment are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52 on a side close to a second holding portion 54 is formed to be flat. As shown in FIGS. 8A and 8C, the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 is provided with a plurality of electrode arrangement portions (concave portions) 132 in a discrete manner. Each electrode arrangement portion 132 is formed into a rectangular shape. Here, as shown in FIG. 8A, in the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, the rectangular electrode arrangement portions 132 are arranged at predetermined intervals in two rows.
As shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D, rectangular barrier portions 134 are arranged on inner sides of these electrode arrangement portions 132. On an inner side of each barrier portion 134, a first high-frequency electrode 136 having a through hole 136a is disposed as an output portion or an energy emitting portion. The through hole 136a is formed at, for example, a position adjacent to the barrier portion 134. In this case, the through hole 136a is formed at an end of the first high-frequency electrode 136. Among the first high-frequency electrodes 136, the surface of the first high-frequency electrode close to the second holding portion 54 is present at a position lower than that of the barrier portion 134. That is, the barrier portion 134 is present above the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 136, and there is a stepped portion between the barrier portion 134 and the first high-frequency electrode 136.
As shown in FIGS. 8B and 8C, each through hole 136a is connected with a first fluid discharge groove 128a formed in the main body 62. This first fluid discharge groove 128a is connected with the through holes 136a of the first high-frequency electrodes 136. The first fluid discharge groove 128a is formed continuously to a second fluid discharge groove 128b of a base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52.
That is, in this embodiment, the circular electrode arrangement portions 122 described in the third embodiment are replaced with the rectangular electrode arrangement portions 132, the circular barrier portions 124 are replaced with the rectangular barrier portions 134, and the circular first high-frequency electrodes 126 are replaced with the rectangular first high-frequency electrodes 136. Another structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the third embodiment. Therefore, description of functions and effects of this embodiment are omitted.
Fifth Embodiment
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A to 9C. This embodiment is a modification of the first to fourth embodiments, the same members as those described in the first to fourth embodiments are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52 is provided with a lid portion 142 on a side away from a second holding portion 54. A plurality of pin-like first high-frequency electrodes 144 are fixed to the lid portion 142 as output portions or energy emitting portions. The main body 62 is provided with a flat cooling plate (a heat radiation member) 146 on a side close to the second holding portion 54. The cooling plate 146 is provided with a plurality of circular holes 146a arranged at zigzag vertex positions. From each circular hole 146a, a barrier portion 148 disposed integrally with the main body 62 is protruded. Each barrier portion 148 is formed into a hollow cylindrical shape. That is, each barrier portion 148 is provided with a through hole 148a formed along a central axis of the barrier portion.
As shown in FIG. 9B, when the main body 62 is provided with the lid portion 142, each first high-frequency electrode 144 having a pin shape is disposed in the through hole 148a of the barrier portion 148. Here, among the first high-frequency electrodes 144, an end of the first high-frequency electrode close to the second holding portion 54 is present at a position lower than that of the barrier portion 148 close to the second holding portion 54.
A space between the barrier portion 148 and the first high-frequency electrode 144 is a fluid discharge groove (a fluid passage) 152. The fluid discharge groove 152 communicates between the side close to the second holding portion 54 and the side away from the second holding portion 54, and is opened on the side away from the second holding portion 54.
Furthermore, a conduit arrangement portion 154 is formed on a side surface of the main body 62 on a backside of the cooling plate 146. The conduit arrangement portion 154 is provided with a conduit 156 which passes a fluid such as a gas for cooling or a liquid.
It is to be noted that since the second holding portion 54 has a structure similar to that of the first holding portion 52, barrier portions and high-frequency electrodes are denoted with reference numerals used in the first holding portion 52, and description thereof is omitted.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is held between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. At this time, the barrier portions 148 come into close contact with the living tissue. The living tissue comes into contact with the first high-frequency electrode 144 and a second high-frequency electrode 144. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into close contact with the cooling plates 146 disposed at the main body 62 and a main body 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144, respectively. On the other hand, cooling water is supplied to the conduit 156.
Between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144, a high-frequency current is conducted via the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144 is heated.
When the living tissue of the treatment target is heated in this manner, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
Here, the cooling water is supplied to the conduits 156 arranged outside the first and second holding portions 52, 54, respectively. Therefore, the living tissue is cooled via the cooling plate 146 brought into close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conduit 156 having a high thermal conductivity. Therefore, an influence of heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144 is suppressed at a portion brought into close contact with the cooling plate 146. That is, the spread of the heat from the living tissue of the treatment target is suppressed, when cooling the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue.
Here, when each first high-frequency electrode 144 is disposed on an inner side of the barrier portion 148 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, an end of the first high-frequency electrode 144 exposed on a second holding portion 54 side close to the second holding portion 54 is present at a position slightly lower than that of the barrier portion 148. The second high-frequency electrode 144 is similarly present at a position slightly lower than that of the barrier portion 148. Therefore, the barrier portions 148 of the first holding portion 52 and the barrier portions 148 of the second holding portion 54 allow the fluid generated from the living tissue to lead on the fluid discharge grooves 152 through the through holes 148a. In this case, the fluid generated from the living tissue is discharged from the fluid discharge grooves 152 of the lid portions 142 disposed on the main bodies 62, 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, respectively.
Moreover, if there are gaps between the living tissue and the barrier portions 148, the fluid exits from the gaps between the living tissue and the barrier portions 148. In this case, the fluid touches the cooling plate 146. In consequence, the fluid is cooled.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where an electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 26, the cooling plates 146 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 which are cooled, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the cooling plates 146 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when the thermal spread directed from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at a portion which comes into contact with the cooling plate 146. In this case, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, in a case where the cooling plate 146 having the surface which can be cooled is disposed at the holding section 26, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the first and second holding portions 52, 54.
Moreover, when the electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target grasped by the holding section 26, the barrier portions 148 of the first holding portion 52 and the barrier portions 148 of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the barrier portions 148 of the first holding portion 52 and the barrier portions 148 of the second holding portion 54, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid discharge grooves 152 through the through holes 148a between the first high-frequency electrodes 144 and the barrier portions 148.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144.
Moreover, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, even if the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the fluid touches the cooling plates 146, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue held by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being affected.
Furthermore, in the electro-surgical device 12 according to this embodiment, the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 are provided with a plurality of high-frequency electrodes 144 in a discrete manner. Therefore, the treatment target can be limited.
Therefore, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, since a treatment region can be limited to the inside of each barrier portion 148 and the living tissue of a portion around the barrier portion 148 keeps a normal state, this can contribute to earlier cure.
It is to be noted that as shown in FIG. 9C, the barrier portion 148 may be formed as a part of the cooling plate 146 instead of a part of the main body 62.
Sixth Embodiment
Next, a sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A and 10B. This embodiment is a modification of the first to fifth embodiments, the same members as those described in the first to fifth embodiments are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 10A, a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52 is fixed to one end of a conduit 162a for inflow, which allows a fluid such as a gas or a liquid to lead on the main body. The main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 is fixed to one end of a conduit 162b for outflow, from which a fluid such as the gas or the liquid is discharged. The main body 62 is provided with a flexible sheet-like member (a heat radiation member) 164 on a side close to a second holding portion 54. The sheet-like member 164 is formed of, for example, a silicone material or the like. A space between the inside of the sheet-like member 164 and the main body 62 is filled with a fluid (e.g., cooling water) for cooling, and is disposed in a watertight manner.
First high-frequency electrodes 144 are arranged at predetermined intervals along a longitudinal direction of the main body 62. An end of the first high-frequency electrode 144 close to the second holding portion 54 is present at a position lower than that of each barrier portion 148 close to the second holding portion 54.
It is to be noted that since the second holding portion 54 has a structure similar to that of the first holding portion 52, barrier portions and high-frequency electrodes are denoted with reference numerals used in the first holding portion 52, and description thereof is omitted.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is grasped between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. At this time, the barrier portions 148 come into close contact with the living tissue, the living tissue comes into contact with the first high-frequency electrode 144 and a second high-frequency electrode 144. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into close contact with the sheet-like members 164 arranged on the main body 62 and a main body 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. Since the sheet-like member 164 is formed of a flexible material, the member is deformed in accordance with a shape of the living tissue to come into close contact with the living tissue.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144, respectively. On the other hand, cooling water is supplied through the conduit 162a. In consequence, a space between the main body 62 and the sheet-like member 164 is filled with the cooling water.
Between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144, a high-frequency current is conducted via the living tissue. Therefore, the living tissue between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144 is heated.
When the living tissue of the treatment target is heated in this manner, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
Here, the cooling water is supplied from the conduit 162a disposed outside the first and second holding portions 52, 54, respectively, and drained from the conduit 162b. Therefore, a gap between the main body 62 and the sheet-like member 164 is filled with the cooling water from the conduit 162a. Therefore, the living tissue brought into close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the sheet-like member 164 is cooled. In this case, an influence of the heat which spreads from the living tissue of the treatment target between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144 is suppressed at a portion which comes into close contact with the sheet-like member 164. That is, the spread of the heat directed from the living tissue of the treatment target is suppressed, when cooling the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue.
Here, when the first high-frequency electrodes 144 are arranged in the barrier portions 148 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, an end of the first high-frequency electrode 144 exposed on a second holding portion 54 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the barrier portion 148. There is a similar relation between the second high-frequency electrode 144 and the barrier portion 148. Therefore, the fluid is discharged from the fluid discharge grooves 152 through the through holes 148a. 
Moreover, if there are gaps between the living tissue and the barrier portions 148, the fluid exits from the gaps between the living tissue and the barrier portions 148. In this case, the fluid touches the sheet-like member 164. In consequence, the fluid is cooled.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where an electro-surgical device 12 applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 26, the sheet-like member 164 of the first holding portion 52 and the sheet-like member 164 of the second holding portion 54 which are cooled, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the sheet-like members 164 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when the thermal spread directed from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at a portion which comes into contact with the sheet-like member 164. In this case, it can more securely be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, when the sheet-like member 164 whose surface can be cooled is disposed on the holding section 26, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the first and second holding portions 52, 54. Furthermore, since the sheet-like member 164 is formed of a flexible material, a close contact property with respect to the living tissue can be improved. Therefore, the living tissue can more efficiently be cooled.
Moreover, when the electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by the holding section 26, the barrier portions 148 of the first holding portion 52 and the barrier portions 148 of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target can be introduced into the first fluid discharge grooves 152 through the through holes 148a between the first high-frequency electrodes 144 and the barrier portions 148.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 144 and the second high-frequency electrode 144.
Moreover, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, even if the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the fluid touches the sheet-like member 164, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue grasped by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being affected.
Seventh Embodiment
Next, a seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 11A to 11C. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, the same members as those described in the first embodiment are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 11A to 11C, a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52 is provided with a first high-frequency electrode 166 having a convex portion 166a. As shown in FIGS. 11B and 11C, a main body 66 of a second holding portion 54 is provided with a second high-frequency electrode 168 having a concave portion 168a. 
The convex portion 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the concave portion 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168 are provided with fluid channels (fluid passages) 166b, 168b, respectively. The fluid channels 166b, 168b communicate with first fluid discharge grooves 128a. 
As shown in FIG. 11C, when the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 are closed, a gap S is formed between a flat portion of the first high-frequency electrode 166 and an insulating elastic member 170. A gap S is formed between the convex portion 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the concave portion 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168.
The main body 62 and a base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 are provided with a conduit arrangement portion 96. The conduit arrangement portion 96 is provided with a conduit 98 having a high thermal conductivity. The conduit 98 is brought into contact with a cooling plate 146. The cooling plate 146 is disposed on the surfaces of the main body 62 and the base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 on a side close to the second holding portion 54. Furthermore, the cooling plate 146 is provided with a circular hole 166c in which the convex portion 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166 is disposed.
The main body 66 and the base portion 68 of the second holding portion 54 are also provided with a conduit arrangement portion 96. The conduit arrangement portion 96 is provided with a conduit 98. The conduit 98 is brought into contact with a cooling plate 146. The cooling plate 146 is disposed on the surfaces of the main body 66 and the base portion 68 of the second holding portion 54 on a side close to the first holding portion 52. Furthermore, the cooling plate 146 is provided with a circular hole 168c to expose an electrode of a bottom portion of the concave portion 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168. It is to be noted that the cooling plate 146 is disposed on an inner peripheral surface of the concave portion 168a as well as the surface of the second high-frequency electrode 168.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is held between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. At this time, the convex portion 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166 disposed at the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 comes into close contact with the living tissue, and also comes into contact with the bottom portion of the concave portion 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168 disposed on the main body 66 of the second holding portion 54. That is, the living tissue is disposed in the gap S between the convex portion 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the concave portion 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168. Here, the living tissue between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 comes into close contact with the holding portions via the cooling plates 146 disposed on the surfaces of the first and second high-frequency electrodes 166, 168, respectively.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the second high-frequency electrode 168, respectively.
Between the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the second high-frequency electrode 168, a high-frequency current is conducted via the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue between the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the second high-frequency electrode 168 is heated.
When the living tissue of the treatment target is heated in this manner, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
Here, cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98 arranged outside the first and second holding portions 52, 54, respectively. Therefore, the living tissue is cooled via the cooling plates 146 brought into close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 having a high thermal conductivity. Therefore, an influence of heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target between the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the second high-frequency electrode 168 is suppressed at portions brought into close contact with the cooling plates 146. That is, the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target is cooled to thereby suppress the spread of the heat from the living tissue of the treatment target.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue. Here, the living tissue disposed between the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the second high-frequency electrode 168 comes into close contact with the cooling plates 146, respectively. Therefore, the cooling plates 146 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 perform functions of barrier portions (dams) in which the fluid generated from the living tissue is prevented from leaking to the outside.
In this case, the fluid generated from the living tissue leads on the fluid channel 166b of the convex portion 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166, and leads on the fluid channel 168b of the concave portion 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168. Moreover, these fluids flow toward the second fluid discharge grooves 128b of the base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 and the base portion 68 of the second holding portion 54 via the first fluid discharge grooves 128a. 
Moreover, if there are gaps between the living tissue and the cooling plates 146, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid exits from the gaps between the living tissue and the cooling plates 146. In this case, the fluid touches the cooling plates 146. In consequence, the fluid is cooled.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where an electro-surgical device 12 applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 26, the cooling plates 146 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 which are cooled, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the cooling plates 146 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when the thermal spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at portions which come into contact with the cooling plates 146. In this case, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, when the cooling plates 146 whose surfaces can be cooled are disposed on the holding section 26, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the first and second holding portions 52, 54.
In addition, when the electro-surgical device 12 applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target grasped by the holding section 26, the cooling plate 146 of the first holding portion 52 and the cooling plate 146 of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the cooling plates 146 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, the cooling plate 146 disposed in the fluid channel 166b of the main body 66 of the second holding portion 54 can function as a barrier portion to thereby introduce the fluid into the first fluid discharge groove 128a through the through hole 166a of the first high-frequency electrode 166 and/or the first fluid discharge groove 128a through the through hole 168a of the second high-frequency electrode 168.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 166 and the second high-frequency electrode 168.
Moreover, even if the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the fluid touches the cooling plates 146, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue held by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being affected.
Eighth Embodiment
Next, an eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15D. This embodiment is a modification of the first to seventh embodiments, the same members as those described in the first to seventh embodiments are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 12, a handle 22 of an electro-surgical device (a treatment device for curing) 12b according to this embodiment is provided with a cutter driving knob 34 disposed along a holding section opening/closing knob 32.
As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a driving rod 172 is movably disposed along an axial direction of a cylindrical member 42 in the cylindrical member of a shaft 24. A distal end of the driving rod 172 is provided with a thin-plate-like cutter 174. Therefore, when a cutter driving knob 34 is operated, the cutter (an auxiliary treatment device) 174 moves via the driving rod 172.
As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a distal end of the cutter 174 is provided with a blade 174a, and the distal end of the driving rod 172 is fixed to a proximal end of the cutter 174. A longitudinal groove 174b is formed between the distal end and the proximal end of the cutter 174. Engagement portions 174c which engage with a movement regulation pin 176 are formed on one end of the longitudinal groove 174b, the other end and between one end and the other end. In the longitudinal groove 174b, the movement regulation pin 176 extending in a direction crossing the axial direction of the shaft 24 at right angles is fixed to the cylindrical member 42 of the shaft 24. Therefore, the longitudinal groove 174b of the cutter 174 moves along the movement regulation pin 176. In this case, the cutter 174 linearly moves. At this time, the cutter 174 is disposed along cutter guide grooves (fluid discharge grooves) 182a, 182b, 184a and 184b of a first holding portion 52 and a second holding portion 54.
As shown in FIGS. 14A to 14C, the first fluid discharge groove 84a (see FIGS. 3A to 3C) described in the first embodiment is removed from an edge portion 82a of a main body 62 of the first holding portion 52, and an electrode arrangement portion 86 as a seat on which a first high-frequency electrode 56 is disposed is formed adjacent to the edge portion.
The first cutter guide groove 182a which passes the cutter 174 is formed in the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the electrode arrangement portion 86 of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52. A base portion 64 of the first holding portion 52 is provided with the second cutter guide groove 182b formed continuously to the first cutter guide groove 182a. This second cutter guide groove 182b is formed along the axial direction of the shaft 24.
Therefore, the cutter 174 is movable along the cutter guide grooves 182a, 182b in the first holding portion 52. Similarly, the cutter 174 is movable along the cutter guide grooves 184a, 184b in the second holding portion 54.
Since another structure is similar to that of the first holding portion 52 described in the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is held between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. At this time, a contact surface of the edge portion 82a comes into close contact with the living tissue. Moreover, the living tissue comes into contact with a first high-frequency electrode 56 and a second high-frequency electrode 58. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into close contact with conduits 98 arranged outside the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 56 and the second high-frequency electrode 58, respectively. On the other hand, cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98.
A function of inhibiting thermal spread is similar to that described in the first embodiment. Therefore, here, a function at a time when a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid is generated will be described.
When the living tissue of the treatment target is heated in this manner, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid is generated from the living tissue.
Here, instead of the first fluid discharge groove 84a described in the first embodiment, the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target leads on the fluid discharge grooves which are the first cutter guide grooves 182a, 184a of the main body 62 and a main body 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. Moreover, the fluid flows toward the second cutter guide grooves 182b, 184b of the base portion 64 and a base portion 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
The fluid further leads on the cylindrical member 42 from the second cutter guide grooves 182b, 184b of the base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. Moreover, the fluid is discharged from the shaft 24 through a fluid discharge port 48a of the cylindrical member 42 and a fluid discharge port 48b of a sheath 44.
Moreover, when the cutter driving knob 34 of the handle 22 is operated, the cutter 174 moves toward distal ends of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. Since the distal end of the cutter 174 is provided with the blade 174a, the treated living tissue is cut.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained in addition to the effect described in the first embodiment.
The fluid generated at a time when an electro-surgical device 12 applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue grasped by a holding section 26 can be introduced into the first cutter guide grooves (fluid passages) 182a, 184a. That is, the cutter guide grooves 182a, 182b, 184a and 184b may be used as the fluid discharge grooves.
It is to be noted that as shown in examples of FIGS. 15A to 15D, structures of first and second holding portions 52, 54 may variously be modified. They correspond to FIGS. 5A to 5D of the first embodiment except that the first fluid discharge groove 84a is removed and the cutter guide groove 182a is disposed.
FIG. 15A shows a state in which a transverse section of a conduit 98 disposed at a conduit arrangement portion 96 is formed into a substantially rectangular shape. Moreover, a side surface of the conduit 98 is disposed at substantially the same plane as that of a contact surface of an edge portion 82a of the first holding portion 52. Therefore, a contact area between a living tissue and the conduit 98 can further be broadened.
FIG. 15B shows a state in which a cylindrical conduit 98 is formed below a contact surface of an edge portion 82a. 
FIG. 15C shows a state in which a first high-frequency electrode 56 comes into contact with a conduit 98, therefore the cylindrical conduit 98 has an insulating property, and the conduit 98 functions as a barrier portion. Therefore, since any space is not required for edge portions 82a, 82b, widths of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 can be reduced. Alternatively, widths of the first high-frequency electrode 56 and a second high-frequency electrode 58 can be increased.
FIG. 15D shows a state in which a main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 on a side away from the second holding portion 54 is covered with a heat sink 108. This heat sink 108 is formed of, for example, a metal material having a high thermal conductivity. To increase a contact area with outside air or the like, an outer peripheral surface of the heat sink 108 is provided with a plurality of protrusions or fins denoted with reference numeral 108a. It is to be noted that edge portions 82a, 82b and a conduit 98 are omitted from a first fluid discharge groove 84a of the first holding portion 52. An end of the heat sink 108 also performs a function of a barrier portion (a contact surface of the edge portion).
Moreover, the cutter 174 and the cutter guide groove 182a may appropriately be used in the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 described above in the second to sixth embodiments.
Ninth Embodiment
Next, a ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 16A to 16C. This embodiment is a modification of the first embodiment, but here a case where a living tissue is treated using laser energy instead of high-frequency energy will be described. Therefore, although not shown, an energy source 14 (see FIG. 1) emits laser light into a fiber 198 described later of an energy treatment device (a laser treatment device) 12.
As shown in FIGS. 16A to 16C, an electrode arrangement portion 86 is omitted from a main body 62 of a first holding portion 52. Moreover, a first high-frequency electrode 56 is also omitted. Instead of the electrode arrangement portion 86, a heat transfer plate arrangement portion 192 is disposed. The heat transfer plate arrangement portion 192 is formed as a seat on which a transfer plate 194 is disposed as an output portion or an energy emitting portion. The heat transfer plate arrangement portion 192 is recessed from an edge portion 82a of the main body 62.
The transfer plate 194 is formed into a substantially plate shape formed as a flat surface on a side which faces a second holding portion 54, and fixed to the heat transfer plate arrangement portion 192.
A concave groove 194a is formed in the transfer plate 194. The concave groove 194a of the transfer plate 194 is provided with a diffuser 196 as an output portion or an energy emitting portion. The fiber 198 is passed through the diffuser 196. Therefore, when the laser light incidents the fiber 198, the laser light diffuses outwards from the diffuser 196. When the transfer plate is irradiated with energy due to this laser light, the energy is converted into thermal energy and transferred.
Furthermore, the first and second holding portions 52, 54 are provided with conduit arrangement portions 96 at which the conduits 98 are arranged. Moreover, the conduit arrangement portion 96 is provided with the conduit 98. This conduit 98 is also used as a barrier portion.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As described in the first embodiment, a living tissue of a treatment target is held between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. At this time, the living tissue of the treatment target comes into close contact with the transfer plate 194 and the diffuser 196. Furthermore, the living tissue comes into contact with the conduits 98 arranged outside the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. The energy source 14 emits the laser light into the fibers 198, respectively. On the other hand, cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98.
Therefore, the laser light is diffused from the diffuser 196, and the energy due to the laser light is converted into the thermal energy to transfer heat to the transfer plate 194. Moreover, the living tissue between the transfer plates 194 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54 is heated.
As described above, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
Here, the cooling water is supplied to the conduits 98 arranged outside the first and second holding portions 52, 54, respectively. Therefore, the living tissue brought into close contact with an outer peripheral surface of the conduit 98 having a high thermal conductivity is cooled. Therefore, an influence of heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target between the transfer plate 194 of the first holding portion 52 and the transfer plate 194 of the second holding portion 54 is suppressed at portions brought into close contact with the conduits 98. That is, the living tissue around the living tissue of the treatment target is cooled to thereby suppress the spread of the heat directed from the living tissue of the treatment target to the surrounding tissue.
Moreover, when the living tissue of the treatment target is heated, a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue.
In this case, the fluid generated from the living tissue leads on first fluid discharge grooves 84a of the main body 62 and a main body 66 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54. Moreover, the fluid flows toward second fluid discharge grooves 84b of base portions 64, 68 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
Moreover, if there are gaps between the living tissue and the conduits (barrier portions) 98, the fluid exits from the gaps between the living tissue and the conduits 98. In this case, the fluid touches the conduits 98. In consequence, the fluid is cooled.
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
In a case where the energy treatment device (the laser treatment device) 12 using the laser light applies the heat to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 26, the conduit 98 of the first holding portion 52 and the conduit 98 of the second holding portion 54 through which the fluid for cooling is passed, respectively, can be brought into close contact with the living tissue. In consequence, when the thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral tissue, the living tissue brought into close contact with the conduits 98 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence of the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at portions which comes into contact with the conduits 98. In this case, it can securely be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which the heat has been applied during the treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, when the conduit 98 capable of passing the fluid for cooling is disposed outside the holding section 26, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the first and second holding portions 52, 54 arranged inwardly from the conduits 98.
In addition, when the energy treatment device (the laser treatment device) 12 using the laser light applies the heat to the living tissue of the treatment target held by the holding section 26, the conduit 98 of the first holding portion 52 and the conduit 98 of the second holding portion 54 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the conduit 98 of the first holding portion 52 and the conduit 98 of the second holding portion 54, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid discharge groove 84a, because the conduits 98 are brought into close contact with the living tissue. That is, the fluid generated at a time when the energy treatment device to generate the heat from the transfer plates 194 applies the thermal energy to the living tissue grasped by the holding section 26 can be applied to inner side surfaces of the conduits 98 of the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, and introduced into the first fluid discharge grooves 84a. 
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the heat has been applied during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue held between the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54.
Moreover, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, even when the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the first and second holding portions 52, 54, the fluid touches the conduits 98, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue held by the holding section 26 can be prevented from being affected.
It is to be noted that in this embodiment, the treatment of the living tissue by use of the laser light energy has been described, but the tissue may be treated using ultrasonic energy. In this case, an ultrasonic probe (not shown) may be used instead of the fiber 198 shown in FIGS. 16A to 16C, and a vibration plate (not shown) may be used instead of the transfer plate 194 to similarly perform an ultrasonic treatment. Furthermore, a high-frequency current may be input into this ultrasonic probe. Therefore, in this case, the ultrasonic treatment and a high-frequency treatment can be switched.
In addition, in the first to ninth embodiments, it has been described that the same member is used in the first holding portion 52 and the second holding portion 54, but different members may be used. For example, structures described in the different embodiments may appropriately be combined.
Moreover, a shape of the treatment device, a shape of the holding section, and shapes and arrangement of a high-frequency electrode, a heater element, the diffuser and the like are not limited to those of the embodiments, and may variously be modified.
Tenth Embodiment
Next, a tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 17 to 20. Here, as an example of an energy treatment device, a circular type bipolar electro-surgical device (a treatment device for curing) 12c will be described which performs a treatment, for example, through an abdominal wall or outside the abdominal wall.
As shown in FIG. 17, the electro-surgical device 12c includes a handle 202, a shaft 204 and an openable/closable holding section 206. The handle 202 is connected with an energy source 14 via a cable 28.
The handle 202 is provided with a holding section opening/closing knob 212 and a cutter driving lever 214. The holding section opening/closing knob 212 is rotatable with respect to the handle 202. When the holding section opening/closing knob 212 is rotated, for example, clockwise with respect to the handle 202, a detachable side holding portion 224 of the holding section 206 described later comes away from a main body side holding portion 222 (see FIG. 18A). When the knob is rotated counterclockwise, the detachable side holding portion 224 comes close to the main body side holding portion 222 (see FIG. 18B).
The shaft 204 is formed into a cylindrical shape. This shaft 204 is appropriately curved in consideration of an insertion property into a living tissue. Needless to say, the shaft 204 may linearly be formed.
A distal end of the shaft 204 is provided with the holding section 206. As shown in FIGS. 18A to 19B, the holding section 206 includes the main body side holding portion (a first holding portion) 222 formed at the distal end of the shaft 204, and the detachable side holding portion (a second holding portion) 224 detachably attached to the main body side holding portion 222.
The main body side holding portion 222 includes a cylindrical member 232, a frame 234 and an electric conductive pipe 236. The cylindrical member 232 and the frame 234 have an insulating property. The cylindrical member 232 is connected with the distal end of the shaft 204. The frame 234 is fixed to the cylindrical member 232.
A central axis of the frame 234 is opened. The opened central axis of the frame 234 is provided with the electric conductive pipe 236 which is movable in a predetermined region along the central axis of the frame 234. When the holding section opening/closing knob 212 is rotated, as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, the electric conductive pipe 236 is movable in a predetermined region owing to, for example, a function of a ball screw (not shown). The electric conductive pipe 236 is provided with a protrusion 236a which protrudes inwards in a diametric direction so that a connecting portion 262a of an electric conductive shaft 262 described later disengageably engages with the protrusion.
As shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, a space is formed between the cylindrical member 232 and the frame 234. A cylindrical cutter 242 is disposed in the space between the cylindrical member 232 and the frame 234. A proximal end of the cutter 242 is connected with a distal end of a pusher 244 for the cutter disposed in the shaft 204. The cutter 242 is fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the pusher 244 for the cutter. Although not shown, a proximal end of the pusher 244 for the cutter is connected with the cutter driving lever 214 of the handle 202. Therefore, when the cutter driving lever 214 of the handle 202 is operated, the cutter 242 moves via the pusher 244 for the cutter.
A first fluid flow path (a fluid passage) 246a is formed between the pusher 244 for the cutter and the frame 234. Moreover, the shaft 204 or the handle 202 is provided with a fluid discharge port (not shown) from which the fluid passed through the first fluid flow path 246a is discharged to the outside.
As shown in FIGS. 18A, 18B, 19B and 20, a distal end of the cylindrical member 232 is provided with an annular electrode arrangement portion 252. A first high-frequency electrode 254 is disposed as an output portion or an energy emitting portion at the electrode arrangement portion 252. A distal end of a first conducting line 254a is fixed to the first high-frequency electrode 254. The first conducting line 254a is connected to the cable 28 via the main body side holding portion 222, the shaft 204 and the handle 202.
An annular vapor discharge groove 256 is formed outside the first high-frequency electrode 254. The fluid discharge groove 256 is connected with the first fluid flow path 246a. Outside the fluid discharge groove 256, a contact surface of an edge portion 258 is formed at a position higher than that of the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 254. That is, the contact surface of the edge portion 258 of the main body side holding portion 222 is disposed closer to a head portion 264 of the detachable side holding portion 224 described later than to the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 254.
On the other hand, the detachable side holding portion 224 includes the electric conductive shaft 262 having the connecting portion 262a, and the head portion 264. The electric conductive shaft 262 has a circular section, one end of the shaft is formed to be tapered, and the other end of the shaft is fixed to the head portion 264. The connecting portion 262a is formed into a concave groove shape so as to be engageable with the protrusion 236a of the electric conductive pipe 236. An outer surface of a portion other than the connecting portion 262a of the electric conductive shaft 262 is insulated with a coating or the like.
An annular cutter receiving portion 270 is disposed at the head portion 264. An annular electrode arrangement portion 272 is formed outside the cutter receiving portion 270. The electrode arrangement portion 272 is provided with a second high-frequency electrode 274 as an output portion or an energy emitting portion. One end of a second conducting line 274a is fixed to the second high-frequency electrode 274. The other end of the second conducting line 274a is electrically connected with the electric conductive shaft 262. An annular fluid discharge groove 276 is formed outside the second high-frequency electrode 274. Outside the fluid discharge groove 276, a contact surface of an edge portion 278 is formed at a position higher than that of the second high-frequency electrode 274. That is, the contact surface of the edge portion 278 of the detachable side holding portion 224 is disposed closer to the main body side holding portion 222 than to the surface of the second high-frequency electrode 274.
Furthermore, the fluid discharge groove 276 is connected with the head portion 264 and a fluid discharge path 280 of the electric conductive shaft 262. The fluid discharge path 280 communicates with a second fluid flow path (a fluid passage) 246b of the electric conductive pipe 236. The shaft 204 or the handle 202 is provided with a fluid discharge port (not shown) from which the fluid passed through the second fluid flow path 246b is discharged.
It is to be noted that the electric conductive pipe 236 is connected with the cable 28 via the shaft 204 and the handle 202. Therefore, when the connecting portion 262a of the electric conductive shaft 262 of the detachable side holding portion 224 is engaged with the protrusion 236a of the electric conductive pipe 236, the second high-frequency electrode 274 is electrically connected with the electric conductive pipe 236.
As shown in FIG. 19A, a first conduit 292 is formed outside the shaft 204 and the holding section 206. This first conduit 292 is turned once around an outer peripheral surface of a tip edge portion of the main body side holding portion 222, and extended from the main body side holding portion 222 to a proximal end of the shaft 204. It is to be noted that the first conduit 292 has a side denoted with reference numeral 292a for fluid supply and a side denoted with reference numeral 292b for fluid drain. Therefore, a fluid such as a gas or cooling water can be supplied or drained with respect to the first conduit 292. That is, a fluid such as the cooling water can be circulated through the first conduit 292.
As shown in FIGS. 18A, 18B and 19B, a fluid supply pipe 294a which supplies a fluid such as the cooling water is disposed in the electric conductive pipe 236. A fluid drainage pipe 294b is disposed adjacent to the fluid supply pipe 294a. 
The electric conductive shaft 262 is provided with a second conduit 296 connected with the fluid supply pipe 294a and the fluid drainage pipe 294b. Two ends of the second conduit 296 protrude from a lower end of the electric conductive shaft 262. It is to be noted that the second conduit 296 has a side denoted with reference numeral 296a for fluid supply and a side denoted with reference numeral 296b for fluid drain. The second conduit 296 extends from the lower end of the electric conductive shaft 262 to a vertex of the head portion 264. The second conduit 296 is turned once around an outer edge portion of the head portion 264 from the vertex of the head portion 264, again passed through the electric conductive shaft 262, and inserted into the lower end of the electric conductive shaft 262.
Moreover, an end of the second conduit 296 for fluid supply is connected with the fluid supply pipe 294a, and end of the second conduit 296 for fluid drain is connected with the pipe for fluid drain. Therefore, when the fluid supply pipe 294a and the fluid drainage pipe 294b are connected with the second conduit 296 and the cooling water or the like is passed through the fluid supply pipe 294a, the cooling water can be drained from the fluid drainage pipe 294b through the second conduit 296. That is, a fluid such as the cooling water can be circulated through the second conduit 296.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 18B, in a state in which the main body side holding portion 222 is closed with respect to the detachable side holding portion 224, the holding section 206 and the shaft 204 of the electro-surgical device 12c are inserted into an abdominal cavity through, for example, an abdominal wall. The main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224 of the electro-surgical device 12c is opposed to the living tissue to be treated.
The holding section opening/closing knob 212 of the handle 202 is operated in order to hold the living tissue to be treated between the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224. At this time, the knob is rotated, for example, clockwise with respect to the handle 202. In this case, as shown in FIG. 18A, the electric conductive pipe 236 is moved toward a distal end with respect to the frame 234 of the shaft 204. Therefore, the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224 are opened, and the detachable side holding portion 224 can be detached from the main body side holding portion 222.
Moreover, the living tissue to be treated is disposed between the first high-frequency electrode 254 of the main body side holding portion 222 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 of the detachable side holding portion 224. The electric conductive shaft 262 of the detachable side holding portion 224 is inserted into the electric conductive pipe 236 of the main body side holding portion 222. In this state, the holding section opening/closing knob 212 of the handle 202 is rotated, for example, counterclockwise. Therefore, the detachable side holding portion 224 closes with respect to the main body side holding portion 222. In this manner, the living tissue of the treatment target is held between the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224.
At this time, the living tissue of the treatment target comes into contact with the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274. A peripheral tissue of the living tissue of the treatment target comes into close contact with the edge portions 258, 278 of the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224 and the first and second conduits 292, 296.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. The energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 via the cable 28, respectively. The cooling water is supplied to the first and second conduits 292, 296.
Between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274, a high-frequency current is conducted via the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 is heated.
When the living tissue of the treatment target is heated by the electric conduction between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue.
In consequence, heat spreads outwards over the edge portions 258, 278. At this time, the cooling water is supplied to the first and second conduits 292, 296 arranged outside the edge portions 258, 278, respectively. Therefore, portions of the living tissue brought into close contact with the first and second conduits 292, 296 having a high thermal conductivity are cooled. Therefore, an influence of the heat spread between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 is suppressed at the portions brought into close contact with the first and second conduits 292, 296.
On the other hand, a fluid such as the vapor or the liquid at a high temperature is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue. Here, while the first high-frequency electrode 254 is fixed to the main body side holding portion 222, the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 254 exposed on a detachable side holding portion 224 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the contact surface of the edge portion 258 of the main body side holding portion 222. Similarly, while the second high-frequency electrode 274 is fixed to the detachable side holding portion 224, the surface of the second high-frequency electrode 274 exposed on a main body side holding portion 222 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of the contact surface of the edge portion 278 of the second holding portion 54. Therefore, the edge portion 82a of the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224 perform a function of a barrier portion (a dam) in which the fluid generated from the living tissue owing to the electric conduction between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 is introduced into the fluid discharge grooves 256, 276 and the leakage of the fluid to the outside is prevented.
In this case, in a state in which the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224 are closed, when the edge portion 258 of the main body side holding portion 222 abuts on the edge portion 278 of the detachable side holding portion 224, the fluid generated from the living tissue leads on the fluid discharge grooves 256, 276.
Moreover, the fluid which has led on the fluid discharge groove 256 is passed toward a handle 202 side through the first fluid flow path 246a provided with the cutter 174 and the pusher 244 for the cutter, and discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c. 
On the other hand, the fluid which has led on the fluid discharge groove 276 is passed toward the handle 202 side through the fluid discharge path 280 and the second fluid flow path 246b, and discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c. 
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
Since fluids for cooling are passed through the first and second conduits 292, 296 arranged outside the edge portions 258, 278, respectively, during the treatment, the living tissue brought into close contact with the first and second conduits 292, 296 can be cooled. Therefore, an influence of the heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to the peripheral living tissue can be supplied at portions which come into contact with the first and second conduits 292, 296. Therefore, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the heat spread from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, the fluid can be prevented from leaking from the holding section 206, and the thermal spread can be inhibited, so that it can be presented that the peripheral tissue of the treatment target is influenced by the treatment. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue disposed inwardly from the edge portions 258, 278.
When the electro-surgical device 12c applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target grasped by the holding section 206, the edge portion 258 of the main body side holding portion 222 and the edge portion 278 of the detachable side holding portion 224 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the edge portion 258 of the main body side holding portion 222 and the edge portion 278 of the detachable side holding portion 224, the edge portions 258, 278 are brought into close contact with the living tissue. Therefore, the fluid can be allowed to hit inner side surfaces of the edge portions 258, 278, and introduced into the fluid discharge grooves 256, 276, respectively.
In this case, the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target can be discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c through the first fluid flow path 246a formed between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the edge portion 258 of the main body side holding portion 222 and between the frame 234 and the pusher 244 for the cutter, the shaft 204, the handle 202 and the fluid discharge port.
Furthermore, the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target can be discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c through the fluid discharge groove 276 formed between the second high-frequency electrode 274 and the edge portion 278 of the detachable side holding portion 224, the fluid discharge path 280, the second fluid flow path 246b, the shaft 204, the handle 202 and the fluid discharge port.
Therefore, the fluid can be prevented from leaking to a surrounding area of the living tissue held by the holding section 206.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274.
Eleventh Embodiment
Next, an eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 21. This embodiment is a modification of the tenth embodiment. The same members as those described in the tenth embodiment are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
In a main body side holding portion 222 of an electro-surgical device 12c shown in FIG. 21, electrode arrangement portions (concave portions) 282 are formed at predetermined intervals along a circumference. Barrier portions 284 are disposed in these electrode arrangement portions 282. The barrier portions 284 are slightly protruded toward a detachable side holding portion 224 with respect to the main body side holding portion 222. First high-frequency electrodes 286 having central through holes 286a are arranged in the barrier portions 284. The first high-frequency electrodes 286 on a side close to the detachable side holding portion 224 are present at positions lower than those of the barrier portions 284. That is, there are stepped portions between the barrier portions 284 and the first high-frequency electrodes 286.
Furthermore, although not shown, these through holes 286a are connected with a first vapor flow path 246a. Therefore, the vapor is discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c through the through holes 286a and the first fluid flow path 246a. 
On the other hand, although electrode arrangement portions, barrier portions and second high-frequency electrodes having through holes of the detachable side holding portion 224 are not shown, they are similarly formed. Furthermore, the through holes of the second high-frequency electrodes are connected with a fluid discharge path 280 of a electric conductive shaft 262 and a second fluid flow path 246b of a electric conductive pipe 236. In consequence, the fluid on a detachable side holding portion 224 side is discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c through the through holes of the second high-frequency electrodes, the fluid discharge path 280 and the second fluid flow path 246b. 
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
The fluid generated from a living tissue of a treatment target can be discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c through the through holes 286a of the first high-frequency electrodes 286, the first fluid flow path 246a formed between a frame 234 and a pusher 244 for the cutter, a shaft 204, a handle 202 and a fluid discharge port.
Furthermore, the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target can be discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c through the through holes of the second high-frequency electrodes, the fluid discharge path 280, the second fluid flow path 246b, the shaft 204, the handle 202 and the fluid discharge port.
Therefore, the fluid can be prevented from leaking to a surrounding area of the living tissue held by a holding section 206.
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which a high-frequency current has been conducted during treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274.
It is to be noted that in the tenth and eleventh embodiments, use of the high-frequency electrodes shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 has been described, but shapes and arrangements of the electrodes can variously be modified.
Twelfth Embodiment
Next, a twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 22A and 22B. This embodiment is a modification of the third, tenth and eleventh embodiments, the same members as those described in these embodiments are denoted with the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIGS. 22A and 22B, a distal end of a cylindrical member 232 of a main body side holding portion 222 is provided with a first cooling plate 298a. The cooling plate 298a is brought into contact with a first conduit 292. A head portion 264 of a detachable side holding portion 224 is provided with a second cooling plate 298b. The cooling plate 298b is brought into contact with a second conduit 296.
Another structure is similar to that of the tenth embodiment shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B.
Next, a function of a treatment system 10 according to this embodiment will be described.
A living tissue of a treatment target is held between the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224. At this time, the living tissue of the treatment target comes into contact with a first high-frequency electrode 254 and a second high-frequency electrode 274. A peripheral tissue of the living tissue of the treatment target come into close contact with the cooling plates 298a, 298b of the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224.
In this state, a foot switch and a hand switch are operated. An energy source 14 supplies energy to the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 via a cable 28, respectively. Cooling water is supplied to the first and second conduits 292, 296.
Between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274, a high-frequency current is conducted via the living tissue. In consequence, the living tissue between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 is heated.
When the living tissue of the treatment target is heated by electric conduction between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274, thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue.
At this time, the cooling water is supplied to the first and second conduits 292, 296 to thereby cool the cooling plates 298a, 298b of the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224. Therefore, the living tissue brought into close contact with the cooling plates 298a, 298b is cooled. Therefore, an influence of heat spread between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 is suppressed at portions brought into close contact with the cooling plates 298a, 298b. 
On the other hand, a fluid such as a vapor or a liquid at a high temperature is generated from the heated portion of the living tissue. Here, while the first high-frequency electrode 254 is fixed to the main body side holding portion 222, the surface of the first high-frequency electrode 254 exposed on a detachable side holding portion 224 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of a contact surface of the cooling plate 298a of the main body side holding portion 222. Similarly, while the second high-frequency electrode 274 is fixed to the detachable side holding portion 224, the surface of the second high-frequency electrode 274 exposed on a main body side holding portion 222 side is present at a position slightly lower than that of a contact surface of the cooling plate 198b of the second holding portion 54. Therefore, the cooling plates 298a, 298b of the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224 perform a function of a barrier portion (a dam) in which the fluid generated from the living tissue owing to the electric conduction between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274 is introduced into fluid discharge grooves 256, 276 and the leakage of the fluid to the outside is prevented.
In this case, in a state in which the detachable side holding portion 224 is closed with respect to the main body side holding portion 222, when the cooling plate 298a of the main body side holding portion 222 and the cooling plate 298b of the detachable side holding portion 224 are allowed to abut on the living tissue, the fluid generated from the living tissue leads on the fluid discharge grooves 256, 276, respectively.
Moreover, the fluid which has led on the fluid discharge groove 256 is passed toward a handle 202 side through a first fluid flow path 246a provided with a cutter 174 and a pusher 244 for the cutter, and discharged from an electro-surgical device 12c. 
On the other hand, the fluid which has led on the fluid discharge groove 276 is passed toward the handle 202 side through a fluid discharge path 280 and a second fluid flow path 246b, and discharged from the electro-surgical device 12c. 
As described above, according to this embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
When the electro-surgical device 12c applies a high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target held by a holding section 206, the cooling plate 298a of the main body side holding portion 222 and the cooling plate 298b of the detachable side holding portion 224 which are cooled can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. In consequence, the living tissue brought into close contact with the cooling plates 298a, 298b can be cooled. Therefore, an influence at a time when thermal spread occurs from the living tissue of the treatment target to a peripheral living tissue can be suppressed at portions brought into contact with the cooling plates 298a, 298b. In this case, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by heat spread from the living tissue of the treatment target to which a high-frequency current has been conducted during treatment of the living tissue.
Therefore, when the cooling plates 298a, 298b whose surfaces can be cooled are disposed on the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224, a region where the thermal spread occurs can securely be restricted in the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224.
Moreover, when the electro-surgical device 12c applies the high-frequency current to the living tissue of the treatment target grasped by the holding section 206, the cooling plate 298a of the main body side holding portion 222 and the cooling plate 298b of the detachable side holding portion 224 can be brought into close contact with the living tissue, respectively. Therefore, even if the fluid generated from the living tissue of the treatment target flows toward the cooling plate 298a of the main body side holding portion 222 and the cooling plate 298b of the detachable side holding portion 224, the fluid can be introduced into the first fluid flow path 246a through the first vapor discharge groove 256 between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the cooling plate 298a. Moreover, the fluid can be introduced into the second fluid flow path 246b through the second vapor discharge groove 276 between the second high-frequency electrode 274 and the cooling plate 298b. 
In consequence, it can be prevented that the peripheral tissue other than the target tissue is influenced by the fluid generated from the portion to which the high-frequency current has been conducted during the treatment of the living tissue. That is, the position influenced during the treatment of the living tissue can be limited to the living tissue to which the high-frequency current has been conducted between the first high-frequency electrode 254 and the second high-frequency electrode 274.
Moreover, even if the high-temperature fluid is to exit from the main body side holding portion 222 and the detachable side holding portion 224, the fluid touches the cooling plates 298a, 298b, and can be cooled. In consequence, the living tissue around the living tissue held by the holding section 206 can be prevented from being affected.
It is to be noted that the cooling plates 298a, 298b described in this embodiment may similarly be applied to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 20 and 21.
In addition, in the above first to twelfth embodiments, use of the high-frequency electrode has mainly be described, but an ultrasonic vibrator may be used instead of the high-frequency electrode. In this case, when, for example, a flat-plate-like, annular or spot-like ultrasonic vibrator is ultrasonically vibrated, a living tissue brought into contact with the surface of the ultrasonic vibrator can be subjected to an ultrasonic treatment.
Moreover, the surface of the main body 62 of the first holding portion 52 on a side close to the second holding portion 54 may be provided with a heater element (not shown) to similarly perform a treatment.
Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

## Claims

1. A treatment system which applies energy to a living tissue to perform a treatment, comprising:
an energy source which supplies the energy;
a pair of holding portions which hold the living tissue, at least one of the holding portions being configured to relatively move with respect to the other holding portion;
an output portion disposed on at least one of the holding portions and connected with the energy source, the output portion being configured to thermally denature the living tissue by the energy supplied from the energy source; and
a cooling section which inhibits the spread of heat in a direction away from the output portion;
wherein the cooling section includes a circulating-type conduit having a thermal conductivity so that, when a fluid for cooling is passed through the cooling section, the heat of the fluid is transferred to the outside of the conduit, and
the conduit surrounds the exterior of the holding portions, and is in intimate contact with the living tissue when the living tissue is held by the holding portions.

2. The treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling section includes a heat radiation member which is disposed at a position adjacent to the output portion and which suppresses the spread of the heat from the living tissue denatured by the heat to a surrounding area thereof.

3. The treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising:
at least one fluid passage which is disposed at a position close to the output portion and which passes a fluid, the fluid passage being configured to pass the fluid including a gas and/or a liquid generated from the living tissue at a time when the living tissue is thermally denatured.

4. The treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising:
at least one barrier portion disposed at a position adjacent to the output portion,
wherein the barrier portion is disposed between the output portion and the cooling section.

5. The treatment system according to claim 4, wherein the cooling section is disposed at a height equal to that of the barrier portion or at a position lower than that of the barrier portion.

6. The treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of output portions are arranged on at least one of the holding portions.

7. A medical treatment method for a living tissue by use of the treatment system according to claim 1, comprising:
holding the living tissue with holding portions;
supplying the energy to the held living tissue from an energy source through an output portion thereof;
directing a fluid, including a gas and/or a liquid generated from the living tissue to which the energy has been supplied, to discharge in a predetermined direction set by the holding portions; and
cooling the fluid being discharged in the predetermined direction using a cooling section.

8. The medical treatment method according to claim 7, wherein the discharging of the fluid in the predetermined direction is carried out such as to substantially avoid influencing the living tissue.

9. A medical treatment method for a living tissue by use of the treatment system according to claim 1, comprising:
holding the living tissue with holding portions;
supplying the energy to the held living tissue to denature the living tissue from an energy source through an output portion thereof, to which the energy has been supplied; and
discharging a fluid including a gas and/or a liquid generated from the denatured living tissue in a predetermined direction associated with the holding portion; and
cooling a surrounding area of the denatured living tissue by using a cooling section, in order to prevent the thermal spread from the held living tissue to the surrounding area of the held living tissue.

10. The medical treatment method according to claim 9, wherein the discharging of the fluid in the predetermined direction is carried out such as to substantially avoid influencing the living tissue.

11. A treatment device which applies energy to a living tissue, comprising:
a holding section which holds the living tissue, the holding section including:
first and second holding portions which relatively move with respect to each other;
an output portion disposed on at least one of the first holding portion and the second holding portion and connected with an energy source, the output portion being configured to thermally denature the living tissue by the energy supplied from the energy source at a time when the living tissue is held between the first holding portion and the second holding portion; and
a cooling section which inhibits the spread of heat from the denatured living tissue to a surrounding area thereof;

wherein the cooling section includes a first channel which is provided on the side of a holding surface for guiding a fluid containing a gas and/or a liquid generated from the living tissue denatured by the energy, and a conduit for circulating the fluid in at least one of the first holding portion and the second holding portion provided in the vicinity of the first channel.

12. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the cooling section further includes a cooling plate which comes into contact with the living tissue as well as the conduit.

13. The treatment device according to claim 12, wherein the cooling plate includes a barrier portion brought into close contact with the living tissue to prevent the fluid generated from the living tissue by the output portion from leaking outwardly from the holding section through a gap between the cooling plate and the living tissue.

14. The treatment device according to claim 12, wherein the cooling plate includes a fluid passage to pass a fluid which is disposed between the cooling plate and the output portion and which discharges, from the holding section, the fluid including a gas and/or a liquid generated from the living tissue.

15. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the cooling section includes a heat radiation member which radiates the heat spread from the denatured living tissue.

16. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the cooling section includes a cooling plate disposed on at least a holding portion provided with the output portion in the first and second holding portions, and cooling means for cooling the cooling plate.

17. The treatment device according to claim 16, wherein the cooling means includes a space to pass a fluid which cools the cooling plate between the cooling plate and the holding portion provided with the output portion in the first and second holding portions.

18. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the cooling section includes, on the holding section, a heat transfer member disposed outside the output portion and cooling means for cooling the heat transfer member.

19. The treatment device according to claim 18, wherein the cooling means is a fluid which cools the heat transfer member.

20. The treatment device according to claim 18, wherein the cooling means is a conduit which comes into contact with the heat transfer member and through which a fluid is passed.

21. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the holding section includes an auxiliary treatment device which auxiliary treats the living tissue held between the first holding portion and the second holding portion.

22. The treatment device according to claim 21, wherein the first and second holding portions include guide grooves which guide the auxiliary treatment device and which discharge a fluid generated from the denatured living tissue.

23. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the output portion is a high-frequency electrode.

24. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the output portion itself has the heat.

25. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the first channel is provided on the output portion.

26. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the first and second holding portions have a first holding surface and a second holding surface, respectively, for holding the living tissue, and
the first channel is formed on at least one of the first holding surface and the second holding surface to discharge the fluid from the first holding surface and the second holding surface.

27. The treatment device according to claim 26, wherein the first channel is communicated with a second channel for discharging the fluid at a place remote from at least one of the first and second holding portions.

28. The treatment device according to claim 27, wherein the second channel is extended to discharge the fluid at a place remote from at least one of the first and second holding portions.

29. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein of the first and second holding portions, the holding portion which is provided with at least an output portion has an edge portion in the exterior of the output portion, and
the first channel has a groove between the edge portion and the output portion.

30. The treatment device according to claim 11, wherein the first channel is provided in the vicinity of the output portion.

31. A treatment system which applies energy to a living tissue to perform a treatment, comprising:
an energy source which supplies the energy;
a pair of holding portions which hold the living tissue, at least one of the holding portions being configured to relatively move with respect to the other holding portion;
an output portion disposed on at least one of the holding portions and connected with the energy source, the output portion being configured to thermally denature the living tissue by the energy supplied from the energy source; and
a cooling section which inhibits the spread of heat in a direction away from the output portion;
wherein the cooling section includes a channel which is provided on the side of a holding surface for guiding a fluid containing a gas and/or a liquid generated from the living tissue denatured by the energy, and a conduit which is provided in the vicinity of the channel for circulating the fluid in the holding portions.