DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ., A 3*

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIBECTOB f\

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 364

WATER ANALYSES

FBOM THE

LABORATORY OF THE UNITED STATES 

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

TABULATED BY

F. W. CLARKE, CHIEF CHEMIST

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1914

CONTENTS.

Introduction.............................................................. 7

Analyses of waters of rivers, lakes, wells, and springs.......................... 8

Maine and New York................................................... 8

Cooper's Spring, Paris, Maine...................................... 8

Caledonia Spring, Caledonia, New York............................. 8

Pennsylvania, deep well in Washington County.......................... 9

District of Columbia.................................................... 9

Seven well waters.................................................. 9

Virginia............................................................... 10

Three wells, Alexandria........................................... 10

Two springs, Farmwell station ..................................... 10

Six springs, Virginia Hot Springs................................... 10

West Virginia.......................................................... 11

Well near Coalburg................................................ 11

North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, and Mississippi................. 12

Spring near Lowesville, North Carolina.............................. 12

Two wells, Charleston, South Carolina............................... 12

Three waters, St. Augustine, Florida................................. 12

Well near Clinton, Mississippi...................................... 12

Kentucky and Tennessee.............................................. 13

Well near Frankfort, Kentucky..................................... 13

Two springs near Mountain City, Tennessee.......................... 13

Illinois and Iowa....................................................... 13

Spring at McLeansboro, Illinois. 

Spring at Nashville, Illinois.....

Well at Macomb, Illinois........

Two wells at Story City, Iowa..,

Missouri.

Well at Lebanon.

.............................. 13

.............................. 13

.............................. 13

............................... 13

.............................. 14

.............................. 14

Spring near Webster Grove........ ^................................. 14

Well at Joplin...................................................... 14

Three springs near Shoal Creek.... |................................. 14

Arkansas.............................i................................ 15

Happy Hollow Spring............. 1................................ 15

Potash Sulphur Springs............................................. 15

Two springs at Hominy Hill........................................ 15

Mountain Valley Spring........................................... 15

Oklahoma............................................................ 16

Two springs at Sulphur............................................. 16

Texas................................................................ 16

Brine from Humble oil field......................................... 16

Two brines from Grand Saline ..................................... 16

Wyoming............................................................. 17

Brine from vicinity of Cambria...................................... 17

Lake De Smet..................................................... 17

Shell Creek........................................................ 17

3
4 .CONTENTS.

Analyses of waters of rivers, lakes, wells, and springs Continued. Page.

Yellowstone National Park. .................*.......................... 17

Yellowstone Lake................................................. 17

Gardiner River.................. .................................... 17

Firehole River..................................................... 17

Alum Creek........................................................ 17

Water supply of hotel, Mammoth Hot Springs....................... 18

Hot River......................................................... 18

Orange Geyser..................................................... 18

Cleopatra Spring................................................... 18

Soda Spring........................................................ 18

Fearless Geyser................................................... 19

Pearl Geyser...................................................... 19

Constant Geyser................................................... 19

Coral Spring....................................................... 19

Echimis Spring................................................... 19

Schlammkessel.................................................... 19

Opal Spring........................................................ 19

Fountain Geyser................................................... 20

Great Fountain Geyser............................................. 20

Hygeia Spring.................................................... 20

Madison Spring................................................... 20

Excelsior Geyser.................................................. 20

Giantess Geyser.................................................... 21

Splendid Geyser.................................................... 21

Grotto Geyser..................................................... 21

Old Faithful Geyser................................................ 21

Beehive Geyser................................................... 22

Artemisia Geyser................................................... 22

Turban and Grand geysers......................................... 22

Bench Spring...................................................... 22

Asta Spring....................................................... 22

Taurus Geyser.................................................... 23

Chrome Spring.................................................... 23

Soda Butte....................................................... 23

Mushpots Spring................................................... 23

Cache Creek Spring................................................ 23

Green Spring...................................................... 23

Devil's Inkpot..................................................... 23

Montana............................................................... 24

Livingston Warm Springs........................................... 24

Helena Hot Springs............................................... 24

Emigrant Gulch Springs........................................... 24

Mill Creek Spring................................................... 24

Matthews Warm Springs ........................................... 24

Spring at White Sulphur Springs................................... 24

Colorado............................................................... 25

Spring near Denver................................................ 25

Idaho Springs...................................................... 25

Well at Pueblo..................................................... 25

Well at Rocky Ford............................................... 25

Wells at La Junta.................................................. 26
CONTENTS. 5

Analyses of waters of rivers, lakes, wells, and springs Continued.

Colorado Continued. Page.

Spring at Dunton.................................................. 26

Waters from Slumgullion mud flow.................................. 26

Hot Springs at Wagon Wheel Gap................................... 27

Utah................................................................. 27

Bear Elver........................................................ 27

City Creek......................................................... 27

Utah Lake......................................................... 27

Utah Hot Springs................................................... 27

Beck'a Hot Springs................................................. 27

Spring at Nephi................................................... 28

Bittern from Salt Lake City......................................... 28

New Mexico..............t ............................................ 28

Spring near Santa Fe............................................... 28

Spring near Fort Wingate........................................... 28

OjoCaliente....................................................... 28

Nevada............................................................... 29

Steamboat Springs................................................. 29

Spring at Hot Spring station ...................................... 29

Spring at Ward's ranch............................................. 29

Walker River..................................................... 29

Walker Lake....................................................... 29

Humboldt River.................................................. 30

Winnemucca Lake.................................................. 30

Pyramid Lake.................................................... 30

Well at Fallen.................................................... 30

Soda Lake......................................................... 31

California.............................................................. 31

Lake Tahoe........................................................ 31

Spring in Honey Lake valley ...................................... 31

Spring on Tufa Crag, Mono Lake.................................... 31

Matilija Hot Springs................................................ 31

Borax Lake....................................................... 32

Mono Lake.............................................:.......... 32

Owens Lake........................................................ 32

Brines from Death Valley ......................................... 32

Brines from "Soda Lake"......................................... 33

Bitterns........................................................... 33

Oregon and Washington................................................. 34

Abert Lake, Oregon................................................ 34

Harney Lake, Oregon............................................... 34

Soap Lake, Washington........................................... 34

Omak Lake, Washington.......................................... 34

Alaska................................................................. 34

Yukon River...................................................... 34

Water from Gulf of Mexico............................................. 34

Analyses of mine waters................................................... 35

Tennessee.............................................................. 35

Waters from Ducktown............................................. 35

Michigan.............................................................. 35

Water from the Quincy mine........................................ 35
6 ' CONTENTS.

Analyses of mine waters Continued. Page.

Missouri and Oklahoma................................................ 36

Water from mine near Joplin....................................... 36

Waters from Missouri Zinc Fields.................._................ 36

Water from Miami, Oklahoma...................................... 36

Montana............................................................... 37

Waters from Butte................................................ 37

Colorado and Utah...................................................... 38

Waters from Silver Cliff, Colorado.................................. 38

Water from Dunton, Colorado...................................... 38

Waters from Creede, Colorado...................................... 38

Water from Tintic, Utah........................................... 38

Nevada and Arizona................................................... 39

Water from Tonopah, Nevada...................................... 39

Water from Kimberly, Nevada..................................... 39

Water from Tombstone, Arizona.................................... 39

California.............................................................. 39

Waters from Sulphur Bank......................................... 39

Waters from Nevada City.......................................... 39
WATER ANALYSES FROM THE LABORATORY OF THE 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.

INTRODUCTION.

This paper contains 203 water analyses, which were made in the 

chemical laboratory of the United States Geological Survey. Most 

of these analyses have been published elsewhere, but many of the 

original documents are out of print, and are therefore obtainable with 

difficulty. Furthermore, the form of statement given the analyses 

has varied from time to time, so that the printed records show a lack 

of uniformity.

Many of the earlier analyses are less complete than those made 

more recently, but they nevertheless give a clear notion of the character of the waters analyzed. Some waters were analyzed by weight 

and others by volume, and of only relatively few were the specific 

gravities determined, so that one form of statement could be reduced 

to the other. With dilute waters milligrams per liter and parts per 

million are nearly identical; with concentrated waters or brines this 

equivalence no longer holds. The waters of the Yellowstone Park 

were all analyzed by weight that is, weighed samples were taken for 

analysis, and regardless of concentration these results can be accurately stated in parts per million. For some other waters the statement in milligrams per liter is more nearly true. With waters of 

high concentration a larger unit of comparison is more convenient, 

and the statement is then made either in grams per liter or grams per 

kilogram. Every analysis, however, is given in two forms, one as 

stated above, the other in the percentage composition of the dissolved 

substances. In the latter mode of statement the variable of concentration is eliminated, and the true comparison of the waters is 

most readily made.

The old custom of reporting water analyses in terms of salts is now 

obsolete and therefore has no place here. Salts in solution are more 

or less completely dissociated into their ions, and only exceptionally 

can the form in which the ions might combine be accurately foretold. 

Two chemists reporting the same analysis in terms of salts might 

reach quite dissimilar conclusions, both in all probability being wrong. 

All the analyses given in this record are therefore stated in terms of

7
8 WATER ANALYSES.

ions, or, more precisely, in terms of acid and basic radicles, and so 

represent the actual results of experiment with the minimum of 

hypothesis. To this rule one exception has been made. If waters 

contain free acids, hydrochloric, sulphuric, or boric, the acids are 

stated as such, for then, in spite of some uncertainty, the character 

of the solutions is best shown. T o indicate the acidity in terms of free 

hydrogen ions would be much less clear, and perhaps no more nearly 

true. Silica as a rule is regarded as colloidal, and is so reported, but 

in some analyses it is partly or wholly represented by the acid radicle 

SiO8 . Here there is an unavoidable uncertainty, for the orthosilicic 

radicle, SiO4 , might be just as appropriately chosen. So also borates 

are represented by the group B4O7 , although the orthoboric radicle,- 

BO8 , is fully as legitimate. In every analysis the acid and basic, or 

negative and positive, radicles ought to balance; when one or the 

other is in excess either the analysis is in error or a correction in the 

statement of it should be made that is, free acids are present on 

the one hand or silica should be recomputed into silicate terms on the 

other. To make a strictly logical and uniform statement of all the 

analyses is extremely difficult, if not at present impossible; but approximate uniformity is easily attained. To such a uniformity all the 

analyses here given have been reduced, and therefore some of them 

present a different appearance from that which they exhibited in 

previous publications.

Many of the waters represented in these pages are commonplace in 

character, but some are most unusual, if not unique. The Devil's 

Inkpot, in the Yellowstone Park, is essentially a solution of ammonium sulphate; the waters of Sulphur Bank are rich in borates; the 

Shoal Creek springs in Missouri contain a remarkable proportion of 

zinc.

The great number of water analyses made in the water-resources 

branch of the Survey are not considered here. They represent an 

independent field of investigation, and are fully published elsewhere.1

ANALYSES OF WATERS OF RIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND

SPRINGS.

MAINE AND NEW YORK.

A. Water of W. E. Cooper's spring, near Mount Mica, Paris, Maine. In parts 

per million. Analysis by F. W. Clarke in 1886.

a. Percentage composition of saline matter in A.

B. Water of Caledonia Spring, Caledonia, New York. Jn parts per million. 

Analysis by H. N. Stokes in 1891.

b. Percentage composition of saline matter in B.

i See especially Water-Supply Papers 236, 237, 239, 273, 274, and 363.
RIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS.

SO4 ..... ......................................... ....... ...

CO3...... ................................... .... .... .. ....

HC03 .... ............................................. .......

Cl. ............................................................

K......... .....................................................

Na....... ................ ........ ....

Ca.............................................................

Mg.. ..........................................................

Fe".......................... ..................................

SiOg.. .........................................................

A

369.6

97 A.

48.8

1.2

26.2

135.7

15.8

2.1

17.0

643.8

a

57.41

4.51

7.32

.19

4.07

21.08

2.45

.33

2.64

100.00

B

292.6

1.0

219.6

206.1

3.2

98.3

180.3

30.1

7.6

1,038.8

b

28.17

.09

21.14

19.85

.31

9.45

17.36

2.90

.73

100.00

PENNSYLVANIA.

A. Water from Peoples Natural Gas Well, 8 miles southwest .of Imperial, Washington County. Depth when sample was taken, 6,300 feet. Specific gravity, 1.211. 

Stated in grams per kilogram. This water is remarkable for its very high content of 

strontium. Analysis by George Steiger in 1913.

a. Percentage composition of dissolved salts.

CO3 .... .............................................................................

sot....... ..........................................................................

a.. .................................................................................

Br, I........................ ........................................................

Mg................... ...............................................................

Ca.... ..............................................................................

Sr...................................................................................

Ba..................................................................................

K...................................................................................

Na..................................................................................

Fe..................................................................................

,

A

None.

0.05

161.80

.70

2.48

25.19

3.55

Trace.

5.16

64.55

.16

263.64

a

None.

0.02

61.38

.26

.94

9.56

1.31

Trace.

1.97

24.50

.06

100.00

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

Seven well waters, analyzed by Chase Palmer in 1910. 

A. Well at Corby's bakery, 71 feet deep. 

B. Well at Corby's bakery, 150 feet deep. 

C. Well at corner of Sixth and B streets NW. 

D. Well of Home Ice Co., Twelfth and V streets NW. 

E. Well at Government Hospital for the Insane. 

P. Well at Seventh and I streets SW.

G. Well of National Capital Brewing Co., O Street, between Thirteenth and Fourteenth streets SE.

All analyses stated in parts per million. Na and K not separated. 

In Table II the same \aaters, lettered a, b, c, etc., are restated in percentages of

dissolved matter.

1. Parts per million.

SO4 ...... .......................

HCOs.. ...................... .- ci. ........................... ...

NOj..... .......................

Na,K.. ........................

Ca.... .......................... MoAl.Fe......... .................

SiOg......... ...................

A

7.9

8.4

9.8

None.

6.0

2.7

1.4

2.3

25.0

63.5

B

10.0

23.0

5.4

None.

5.6

4.6

2.0

2.8

24.0

77.4

C

26.0

125.0

76.0

None.

56.0

11.0

18.0

1.8

20.0

333.8

D

7.4

24.0

18.0

.1

7.2

9.8

3.0

.9

19.0

89.4

E

18.0

80.0

120.0

None.

70.0

9.6

12.0

1.0

19.0

329.6

F

2.7

28.0

5.9

None.

4.1

5.0

3.3

3.9

27.0

79.9

G

16.0

8.5

86.0

None.

58.0

.6

.4

1.6

11.0

181.1
10 WATEE ANALYSES. 

II. Percentage composition.

so<.. ...........................

HC03 .. ........................

Cl. ............................

NOj.... ........................

Na,K....... ...................

Ca....... .......................

Mg.. ...........................

Al.Fe... .......................

Si62 ......... ...................

a

12.44

13.23

15.44

9.45

4.25

2.20

3.62

OQ 07

100.00

b

12.92

29.72

6.98

7.24

5.94

2.58

3.62

01 Aft

100.00

c

7.79

37.45

22.77

16.78

3.29

5.39

.54

5.99

100.00

a

8.28

26.84

20.13

.11

8.06

10.96

3.36

1.01

21.25

100.00

e

5.46

24.27

36.41

21.24

2.91

3.64

.31

5.76

100.00

f

3.38

35.05

7.38

5.13

6.26

4.13

4.88

33.79

100.00

g

8.29

4.69

47.48

None.

32.03

.33

.22

.88

6.08

100.00

VIRGINIA.

A. Well near Washington Brick Co.'s plant, Alexandria.

B. Well at St. Agaph and Washington streets, Alexandria.

C. Well of Belle Pr6 Bottling Co., Alexandria.

Analyses A, B, and C by Chase Palmer in 1910.

D, E. Water of two springs 1 mile fromFarmwell station, Loudoun County. Analyses by R. B. Riggs in 1886.

All analyses stated in parts per million. In the second table, lettered a, b, c, etc., 

the percentage composition of the dissolved matter is given.

I. Parts per million.

SO*.. ................................................

C03 ... ..............................................

HC03 .- ..............................................

a...................................................

N03 . .................................................

K...................................... .............

fJa

Ca..................................................

Mg .................................................

Al, Fe. ..............................................

AltO». ..............................................

SiOz,... .............................................

A

11.0

None.

30.0

6.9

} 10.0

4.1

2.6

1.4

33.0

99.0

B

* 3.0

Trace.

105.0

4.7

Trace.

} 32.0

8.6

19.0

1.0

27.0

200.3

C

6.4

None.

51.0

13.0

1.0

} 12.0

' 6.5

3.9

4.6

38.0

136.4

D

1,286.5

159.0

Undet.

9.5

3.5

80.5

523.5

15.0

7.0

, 21.0

2,105.5

E

1,405.0

173.0

Undet.

17.5

3.0

92.0

561.0

19.5

10.5

11.0

2,292.5

II. Percentage composition.

BO4.... ..............................................

COa.................................................

 H.COt...... .........................................

Cl...................................................

NO..................................................

K...................................................

Na..................................................

Ca.. .................................................

Mg..................................................

Al, Fe...............................................

AlgOa.. ..............................................

BiOi.... .............................................

a

11.11

None.

30.30

6.97

} 10. 10

4.14

2.63

1.41

33.34

100.00

b

1.50

Trace.

52.42

2.35

Trace.

} 15.97

4.29

9.49

.50

13.48

100.00

C

4.70

None.

37.39

9.53

.73

} 8.80

4.76

2.86

3.37

27.86

100.00

d

61.10

7.55

.45

.17

3.82

24.87

.71

.33

1.00

100.00

e

61.29

7.55

.76

.13

4.01

24.47

.85

.46

.48

100.00

Analyses F to K are of water from the Virginia Hot Springs. Analyzed in 1884 by 

F. W. Clarke. Stated in parts per million; CO3 calculated to satisfy bases. 

F. Boiler Bath, temperature 106° F. 

G. Hot Spout Bath, temperature 105° F.
BIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS. 11

H. Octagon Bath, temperature 100° F. 

I. New Hot Spring, temperature 99° P. 

J. "Sulphur Bath," temperature 98.5° F. 

K. Magnesian Spring, temperature 78.5° F.

In the second table, lettered f, g, etc., the percentage composition of the saline matter is given. In the water of the "Sulphur bath " neither sulphides nor H2S was found.

I. Parts per million.

S04 . ......................................

C03 . ......................................

Cl...... ...................................

Br.......... ..............................

K.. .......................................

Na..... ...................................

Ca.. ......................................

S ........................................ 

03 . ....................................

SiOs...... ................................

F

131.9

236.1

5.0

11.7

12.0

135.6

35.7

2.0

27.5

597.5

G

129.8

238.2

4.4

13.2

9.1

137.5

34.3

2.5

23.5

592.5

H

136.4

229.5

4.1

12.8

9.6

137.8

34.8

3.5

25.5

594.0

I

129.4

222.5

2.9

12.7

9.0

132.9

35.1

6.0

23.5

574.0

J

127.3

228.4

3.2

10.7

13.6

131.8

33.0

6.5

23.0

577.5

K

72.1

166.2

2.0

7.1

6.5

95.7

20.9

12.0

3S2.5

II. Percentage composition.

SO*......... ..............................

C03 . ......................................

CL. .......................................

Br. .......................................

K... ......................................

Na.... ....................................

Ca. .......................................

a

........................................ 

_03 .. ...................................

S102 ... ...................................

f

22.07

39.50

.83

Trace

1.95

2.08

22.69

5.96

OO

4.60

100.00

g

21.91

40.20

.74

Trnnp

2.23

1.53

23.21

5.79

.42

3.97

100.00

h

22.96

38.65

.69

2.15

1.61

23.20

5.86

59

4.29

100.00

i

22.54

38.77

.50

2.21

1.57

23.15

6.13

1 (\d

4.09

100.00

j

22.04

39.56

.55

1.85

2.36

. 22.82

5.71

1 1^1

3.98

100.00

k

18.85

ds dfi

.52

1.85

1.70

25.02

5.46

3.14

100.00

WEST VIBGINIA.

A. Water from a deep well on Slaughters Creek near Coalburg. Specific gravity, 

1.1595. Analysis by Chase Palmer, in 1914, stated in grams per kilogram of water, 

a. Percentage composition of dissolved salts.

CO8 ... ..............................................................................

Cl...................................................................................

Br..................................................................................

SO*.................................................................................

HS<»................................................................................

Mg.... ..............................................................................

Ca..................................................................................

Sr..................................................................................

K...................................................................................

Na..................................................................................

Ba, Mn...................................................................... .......

A

Trace.

11.900

.960

.350

.380

2.220

.902

.430

4.320

21.462

a

55.45

4.47

1.63

1.77

10.35

4.20

2 nn

20.13

100.00

a The acid radicle of the hydrosulphides.
12 WATEE ANALYSES.

NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA, FLORIDA, AND MISSISSIPPI.

A. Water from spring on farm of W. E. Hall near Lowesville, North Carolina. 

Analysis by F. W. Clarke in 1888. C03 calculated to satisfy bases.

B. Well at foot of Charlotte Street, Charleston, South Carolina, 2,007 feet deep. 

Specific gravity, 1.0032.

C. Wentworth Street well, Charleston, 1,250 feet deep. Specific gravity, 1.0038.

Analyses B and C by Chase Palmer in 1912.

D. Surface drainage water, St. Augustine, Florida.

E. Water from 6-inch artesian well, St. Augustine.

F. Water from 12-inch artesian well, St. Augustine.

G. Water from well 4 miles northwest of Clinton, Hinds County, Mississippi.

Analyses D to G by T. M. Chatard in 1888. In E, F, and G small amounts of suspended matter were reported, but are omitted here. All analyses stated in parts per 

million. In Table II the percentage composition of the dissolved matter is given.

L Parts per million.

SO4 .... ........................

C03 . ...........................

HCOt .. ........................

Cl.. ............................

K.. ............................

Na. ............................

Ca... ...........................

Sr. .............................

Mg. ............................

Mn ................. ...

Alo. ...........................

A1203.. .........................

Fe»0s... -....--...... ..........

Fe,Al...... .....................

SiOs... .........................

A

332.9

78.0

Undet.

2.9

2.2

26 7

151.4

9 4

38.5

642.0

B

7.2

54.0

872.3

92.4

4.4

421.4

3.0

.4

1.0

32.0

1, 488. 1

C

40.4

1, 115. 2

943.9

41.3

1,013.9

14.3

8.3

Undet.

36.0

3, 213. 3

D

52.4

249.2

107.6

9.8

63.9

79.6

16.6

\ L.

14.6

592.2

E

325.3

3.0

164.7

546.9

14.7

274.3

127.6

8.1

72.6

.5

22.4

1,560.1

F

 342.1

248.3

1,475.0

24.8

769.5

175.5

8.9

116.0

1.2

28.0

3,189.3

G

985.2

None.

None.

72.4

8.8

123.4

198.0

73.9

1.0

8.1

7.7

Trace.

75.0

1,552.5

II. Percentage composition.

SO*............................

co».. ......:...................

HCOs.. ........................

Cl........ ......................

Kr . ............................

Na. ............................

Ca... ...........................

Sr...... ........................

Mg..... ........................

Mn ...... ...

Al... ...........................

AlsOj... ........................

FezOs...... .....................

Fe, Al..... .....................

SiOs....... .....................

a

51.86

12.15

Undet.

AK

.34

4.16

23.58

1.47

5.99

100.00

b

0.48

3.63

58.62

A 91

.29

28.32

.20

.03

.07

2.15

100.00

c

1.26

34.71

29.38

1.28

31.56

.44

.25

Undet.

1.12

100.00

d

8.81

41.86

18.07

1.65

10.74

13.37

2.79

I tt I >2°

2.46

100.00

e

20.84

.19

10.56

35.05

.94

17.59

8.18

.52

4.66

.03

1.44

100.00

f

10.73

7.79

46.25

,78

24.13

5.49

.28

3.63

.04

.88

100.00

g

63.42

4.66

.57

7.94

12.75

4.76

.06

.52

.49

4.83

100.00

a Probably combined as sulphate.
EIVEES, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS.

KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE.

A. Water from the Murray well, 1 mile north of Frankfort, Kentucky. Specific 

gravity 0.99984 at 22° C.

B. Spring water, Mountain City, Tennessee.

C. Water of Grace Spring, 7 miles north of Mountain City, near Laurel Bloomery. 

Specific gravity, 1.00038 at 18.5° C.

Analyses by T. M. Chatard in 1888, stated in parts per million. Under a, b, and c 

the percentage of the dissolved salts is given.

S04 ... ...................................

HCOa«. ..................................

Cl..... ...................................

K....... .................................

Na...... .................................

Ca... ....................................

Sr 6. .....................................

Mg... ....... ............. ....... .....

LC...... .................................

Pe.. .....................................

Fe»O».. ..................................

Alj03 . ........:..........................

fflOi... ..................................

NH».....................................

A

187.3

297.8

521.8

20.7

460.4

21.3

12.2

18.9

1.4

9 g

1.5

1,552.9

a

12.07

19.18

33.60

1.34

29.65

1.37

70

1.21

.08

.62

no

100.00

B

13.2

44.7

1.2

3.2

4.6

11.6

1.8

0.8

Trace.

21.9

103.0

b

12.81

43.40

1.16

3.11

4.47

11.26

1.75

.78

Trace.

21 26

100.00

C

fiQQ 7

135.1

1.1

4.6

4.7

233 4

58.0

19 5

1,149.1

C

fit) QQ

11.76

no

40

.41

20.31

5.05

1.09

100.00

«In A 17.2 parts per million of free CO2 was also determined. 

6 Determination uncertain. Figure probably too high.

ILLINOIS AND IOWA.

A. Water from spring at McLeansboro, Illinois. Analysis by R. B. Riggs in 1887. 

B. Water from the "American Carlsbad Spring," Nashville, Illinois. Analysis by 

George Steiger in 1892.

C. Water from a deep well at Macomb, Illinois. Analysis by George Steiger in 1896. 

D. Water from artesian well of Thorkill Henryson, Story City, Iowa. 

E. Water from artesian well of Charles Watkins, Story City, Iowa. 

Analyses D and E by F. W. Clarke in 1885, with carbonic acid determinations by

All analyses stated in parts per million. In Table II the analyses are restated in

percentages of total dissolved solids.

1. Parts per million.

SO4.. ............. ........................

co».......................................

HC03 ..... ....... ......................... ci.... .....................................

K /

Na

Ca.........................................

Mg. .......................................

Al.........................................

A^O»................ ......................

Fe*03................ ......................

Fe.. .......................................

Si02.... ...................................

Total COS .... .......................

A

3,004.0

112.8

597.8

34.5

11.5

288.8

542.0

446.8

i4.2

5,052.4

B

1,694.58

1.142.12

tlndet.

24.44

680.71

427.14

277.32

3.60

12.40

4,262.31

C

999.1

395.3

Undet.

541.8

23.7

808.6

158.1

67.2

.7

1.3

10.5

3,006.3

D

None.

219.1

Undet.

1.0

18.7

76.4

32.4

13.5

Trace.

361.1 

268.0

E

None.

273.8

Undet.

Trace50.1

79.6

35.6

6.6

25.0

470.1 

392.0
14 WATER ANALYSES. 

n. Percentage composition.

S04.. ......................................

COS ...... .................................

HCO3 ..... ................................

Cl.........................................

K. ........................................

Na.. .................... ...................

Ca.........................................

Mg.... i*LJ,... ..................................... ..

A12O3... ...................................

FesO».. ....................................

Fe.. .......................................

SiOj.......................................

a

59.45

2.23

11.84

.68

.23

5.72

10.73

8.84

TracB

.28

100.00

b

39.76

26.80

Undet.

.57

15.97

10.02

6.51

.08

.29

100.00

c

33.24

13.15

Undet.

18.03

.79

26.90

5.24

2.24

.02

.04

.35

100.00

d

None.

60.66

Undet.

.28

5.18

21.16

8.98

I 3.74

100.00

e

None.

58.24

Undet.

Trace.

10.66

16.94

7.57

1.27

5.32

100.00

MISSOURI.

A. Water from well 1,000 feet deep, at Lebanon, Laclede County. Analysis by 

L. G. Eakins in 1888.

B. Water from spring near Webster Grove, 10 miles west of St. Louis. Analysis by 

W. F. Hillebrand and E. L. Howard in 1889.

C. Water from Redell deep well, Joplin.

D. Water from spring on east margin of Shoal Creek Valley, 3^ miles southeast of 

Thunnan.

Analyses C and D by H. N. Stokes, 1902.

E and F. Water from two springs in Newton County, on road from Joplin to Seneca, 

near Shoal Creek. E, East spring. F, West spring. Notable for the large content of 

zinc. Analyses by W. F. Hillebrand 1 in 1891.

All analyses stated in parts per million. In Table II the analyses, lettered a, b, c, 

etc., are restated in percentage composition of dissolved solids.

I. Farts per million.

S04 ...... .....................

COs.. ........ .................

T^C03 .. .......................

CL. ...........................

NO».. ........................

K........... ..................

Na................. ...........

Li............................

Ca... .........................

Mg............... .............

AT.. .........................

AlsOs. ........................

FeaOg. ........................ 

Fe. ...........................

Mn.

Cu... .............. ...........

Zn............................

Cd............................

Pb. .................. .........

Si08 . .........................

A

4.8

103.0

Undet.

12.6

32.5

16.2

3.2

T'rsiPA

11.2

183.5 

70.0

B

18.5

142.5

Undet.

11.0

17.6

1.1

15.0

97.0

12.7

| 2.6

26.4

344.4 

5.0

C

25.4

173.6

9.3

5.6

9.6

40.3

12.8

.4

None.

47.7

324.7

D

4.2

142.3

1.7

1.0

2.4

None.

42.6

2.5

Trace.

Trace.

None.

15.0

211.7 

1.3

E

284.9

13.7

2.6

2.5

3.6

ei.i

3.8

.4

.6

2.3

.2

120.5

.5

Trace.

44.4

541.1

F

287.6

15.7

2.6

2.5

3.9

63.1

4.2

.5

.6

2.4

Undet.

132.4

Undet.

Undet.

56.1

571.6

» For a detailed account of these waters see Hillebrand, W. F., in U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 113, p. 49,1893.
EIVEBS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS. 

II. Percentage composition.

15

SO4 . ..........................

C03 ...... .....................

HC03 .... .....................

Cl........ .....................

NO3 .. ........................

K..... .............

Na....... ..............

Li........

Ca. ......................

.

............................ 

................

A1203 . ................

FeiOn. ........................ 

Fe. ......................

Mn.

Cu. ..................

Zn. ...................... "

Cd. ....................... .

Pb.. ..........................

SiOs .. ..............

a

2.62

56.13

Undet.

6.86

17.72

8.83

1.74

6.10

100.00

b

5.37

41.37

3 in

5.11

.32

4.35

28.16

3 fid

I } -7C 

' 75

7.69

100.00

c

7.82

53.46

2.86

1 79

2 95

'Prano

12.41

3 94

.12

14.72

100.00

d

1.98

67.22

.80

.47

1.13

20.13

. 1.18

rp-|*Qrtrt

7.09

100.00

e

52.64

2.53

48

4ft

.67

U 9Q

.72

.07

.11

.42

.04

22.27

no

8.21

100.00

f

fin V>

2.75

dfi

44

.68

n fU

w>

.09

.10

.42

23.16

Undet.

Undet.

9.81

100.00

ARKANSAS.

A. Water of Happy Hollow Spring, Hot Springs. Analysis by K. B. Kiggs in 1887.

B. Water of "Potash Sulphur Springs," Garland County, 8 miles southeast of Hot 

Springs. Partial analysis by F. W. Clarke in 1887 on an insufficient quantity of 

water. C03 calculated to satisfy bases. No H2S in the water as received.

C, D. Water from two springs at Hominy Hill. C. Old or upper spring. D. New 

or lower spring. Analyses by J. E. Whitfield in 1887.

E. Water from Mountain Valley Spring, near Magnet Cove. Analysis by H. N. 

Stokes in 1897.

All analyses stated in parts per million. In Table II the analyses, lettered a, b, c, 

etc., are restated in percentage of total dissolved salts.

I. Farts per million.

SO4 ....... ................................

COn.......................................

HCO».............................. .......

Cl.. .......................................

K.........................................

Na

Id.........................................

Ca.........................................

St.... ..............".......................

\[g

Af... ......................................

Fe........................................

A1803 ... ...................................

Fej03 . .................................... 

P04 ......... ..............................

SiOj...... .................................

A

8.1

3.0

I 31

1.7

i s

i ' 8

5.2

21.9 

22.0

B

202.7

145.8

40.5

22.7

221.6

3.2

} 2.0

27.5

666.0

C

4.1

112.8

4.0

6.0

26.0

3.4

Trace.

12.2

168.5

D

8.5

63.5

Trace.

1.2

3.6

Trace.

16.8

2.4

Trace.

10.0

106.0

E

7.6

243.6

3.1

1.4

2.4

69.2

Trace.

7.7

Trace.

12.4

347.4 

13.2
16 WATER ANALYSES. 

n. Percentage composition.

S04 ... ...... ...............................

co3 ... .....................................

HC03 .... ..................................

Cl. ........................................

K... ..................................... .

Na. .......................................

Li.........................................

Ca.... .....................................

Sr. ........................................

Mg. .......................................

AT... ......................................

Fe... ......................................

(Al,F«j)20».... ............................

P04 .......................................

SiO2 . ......................................

a

36 99

13.70

} 14. 15

7.76

3 fie

90 7K

100.00

b

30.43

21.89

6.08

3.41

33.28

.48

.30

4 IS

100.00

c

2.43

66.94

2.38

3.56

Trace.

15.43

2.02

7.24

100.00

d

8.02

59.91

1.14

3.39

15.85

2.26

9.43

100.00

e

2.19

TO 1O

SO

A(\

AQ

1Q O1

2.22

3.57

100.00

OKLAHOMA.

A and B. Two waters from Sulphur, analyzed by E. T. Alien in 1901. 

A. Bromide spring, in parts per million. 

B. Pavilion spring, in parts per million.

Under a and b the percentage composition of the dissolved salts is given. 

Analysis A is somewhat doubtful, because it was made on two samples of water 

collected at different times.

S04 .. ..................................................

CO3 .. ..................................................

KCO»..... .............................................

Cl......................................................

Br.....................................................

K.. ....................................................

Ma

Li.....................................................

Ca.....................................................

Mg.... ................................................

BiOa.... ...............................................

A

42.1

277.0

158.0

1,986.0

12.4

6.0

1,700.0

Trace.

60.8

20.0

8.0

29.6

4,299.9

a

0»97

6.44

3.68

46.18

.29

.14

39.55

1.41

.47

.19

.69

100.00

B

32.4

121.2

83.8

482.0

1.4

24.2

269.0

TraPft

86.2

35.0

8.0

24.4

1,167.6

b

2.78

10.39

7

f Q

41 99

19

2.08

OO flfi

'PT'fl/lO

7 1Q

3.00

fiQ

2.09

100.00

TEXAS.

A. Brine from Humble oil field, near Houston. Analysis by Chase Palmer in 1910. 

B. Brine from Grand Saline.

C. Bittern from Grand Saline brine. Analyses B and C by R. K. Bailey in 1913. 

All three analyses are stated in grams per kilogram. Under a, b, and c the analyses 

are restated in percentages of total solids.

S04 . ...... ...............................

Cl.... ....................................

Na......................................

K................ ........................

Ca. ...................................... "Me

A

3.51

53.07

\ 31.38

2.00

.29

90.25

a

3.89

58.80

\ 34.77

2.22

.32

100.00

B

3.4

157.1

102.1

.1

1.5

264.2

b

1.28

59.44

38.71

.04

.53

100.00

- C

2.5

158.3

101.3

.4

1.5

264.0

C

0.95

59.96

38.37

.15

.57

100.00
BIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS. 17

WYOMING.

A. Brine from 3 miles southeast of Cambria. Analysis by George Steiger in 1899. 

Stated in grams per liter.

B. Water of Lake De Smet.

C. Water of Shell Creek, a feeder of Lake De Smet.

Analyses B and C by W. T. Schaller.in 1909. Stated in milligrams per liter, or 

parts per million nearly.

Under a, b, and c the percentage composition of the saline matter in each water is 

given.

SO4. .....................................

co».. ....................................

HCOg. ...................................

Cl... .....................................

K... .....................................

Na...... .................................

Ca.. ........ .............................

Mg.. .....................................

(Al,Fe)2O3 ... ........ ....................

SiOs.. ....................................

A

4.279

31.479

20.280

1.400

.267

57.705

a

7.42

54.55

35.14

2.43

.46

100.00

B

4,1&

67

536

58

82

1,342

71

406

3

14

6,708

b

61.55

1.00

7.99

.87

1.22

20.00

1.05

6.06

.05

.21

100.00

C

.467

22

273

8

5

83

109

77

4

15

1,063

C

43.94

2.08

25.68

.75

.47

7.80

10.26

7.24

.37

1.41

100.00

THE YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK.

The waters of the Yellowstone National Park were analyzed by F. A. Gooch and 

J. E. Whitfield in the years 1884 to 1889. All but three of the analyses, made by Whitfield in 1889, were originally published in Bulletin 47, in which the methods of analysis 

are fully described. The results, however, were stated in a form somewhat different 

from that now in use, and the figures are therefore recalculated here into modem 

shape. In the original report the data are given in grams per kilogram; here they are 

stated in parts per million, a change in the position of the decimal point only.

The portion of C02 reported as uncombined is here wholly or partially recalculated 

into the bicarbonate radicle HCO3, according to the requirements in each individual 

case. The effect of this change is in most cases to raise the summation of the analysis 

by a small amount. Any excess of CO2, however, is separately stated and not included 

in the summation. The analyses, therefore, now present a somewhat different appearance from the original statements, although the essential data are unchanged.

The first group in the following tabulation is devoted to the lake and river waters 

of the region.

A. The Yellowstone Lake. Water collected in 1884. Specific gravity, 1.00014.

B. Gardiner River, above Mammoth Hot Springs.

C. Gardiner Eiver, between Mammoth Hot Springs and Gardiner.

D. Firehole River, near Marshalls. Specific gravity, 1.00015.

E. Firehole River, Upper Basin. Specific gravity, 1.000155.

F. Alum Creek. Specific gravity, 1.001055. Contains free HC1. Analyses by 

Whitfield in 1886, with special determinations by Gooch. Stated in parts per million.

In Table II the percentage composition of the dissolved solids is given. 

47083° WSP 364 14 2
18 WATER ANALYSES.

I. Farts per million.

SO4 ...... .................................

CO3 ... ....................................

HC03 .. ....... ............................

Cl...... ...................................

HC1..... ..................................

Br... .....................................

K.... .....................................

Na... .....................................

LI.........................................

Ca........................................

Mg.. ......................................

Af.... ....................................

Fe.. ......................................

B4 07 .... ..................................

Si02 .. ....................................

NH,.. ....................................

Free C02.. ................................

A

8.4

do ^

9 4

4.7

15.6

8.6

.3

2

1

42.0

.42

141.02 

36.8

B

14.0

19.1

79 0

d o

7.9

20.0

25.0

.5 | 

46.9

Undet.

221.5

C

96.2

239.1

30.1

10.5

31.1

74.9

17.5

1.0

27.2

Undet.

527.6

D

10.1

17.2

126 7

73.7

17.0

93.0

1.1

6.6

.7

3.1

6.7

96.5

Undet.

452.4

E

7.4

10.5

Q 4

15.1

5.2

1.1

2.9

40.7

.02

133.92

F

504.2

38."6

168.8

74.1

159.5

.9

12.7

3.8

2.5

25.0

6.3

218.0

1.06

1.215.46

7.5

II. Percentage composition.

S04 ................ .......................

C03 .. .....................................

HC03 .. ...................................

Cl..... ....................................

HC1.. .....................................

Br................ ........................

K.. .......................................

Na.................. ......................

Li.........................................

Ca... ....... ..............................

Mg................. ......................

Fe.. ......................................

B407 ................. .....................

AsO2. .....................................

NH4 .. ....................................

a

5.95

35.11

6.67

3.33

11.06

6.10

.21

1.48

29.79

.30

100.00

b

6.32

8.62

35.67

2.21

3.57

9.03

Trace.

11.29

.23

f 1. Ocf

2i.i7

Undet.

100.00

. c

18.24

45.32

5.70

1.99

5.89

Trace.

14.20

- 3.32

.19

5.15

Undet.

100.00

d

2.24

3.81

28.01

16.29

3.76

20.55

.24

1.46

.15

.68

Trace.

1.48

21.33

Undet.

100.00

e

5.53

31. 07

7.84

7.02

11.28

Trace.

3.88

.82

2.16

Trace.

30.39

.01

100.00

f

41.48

3.17

13.89

Trace.

6.09

13.12

.07

1.05

.31

.21

2.06

.52

17.94

.09

100.00

The second group of analyses is of waters collected at Mammoth Hot Springs. 

A. "Water supply of hotel at Mammoth Hot Springs, 1884. Analysis by Gooch. 

B. Water of Hot River. Specific gravity, 1.001541. Analysis by Whitfield. 

C. Orange Geyser. Analysis by Gooch.

D. Cleopatra Spring. Specific gravity, 1.002055. Analysis by Whitfield. 

E. Soda Spring. Specific gravity, 1.00041. Analysis by Whitfield. 

Analyses stated in parts j>er million. Restated in Table II, under a, b, c, etc., 

in percentages of dissolved substances. '

I. Parts per million.

804........................................

C03 .. ......................................

HC03 ...................................

Cl. ........................................

Br.... .....................................

K.... .....................................

Na. .......................................

Li.........................................

Ca.. .......................................

Mg. .......................................

Fe.. .......................................

Al. ................................ ........

B4 07 . .....................................

AsQs. ................... ..................

SiOj..... ..................................

NH4 ... ....................................

Free eo2.... ..............................

A

37.2

133.6

2.2

3.1

14.5

31.6

8.9 } '->

35.5

267.7 

26.6

B

507.6

589.6

160.4

None.

46.2

150.6

1.1

236.0

63.1

5.1

14.2

.5

50.0

.11

1,824.51

C

528.8

208.9

256.1

162.3

Trace.

61.0

123.3

1.6

282.1

65.9

\ 1 2

/ 1.2

Present.

50.2

1,741.4

D

527.4

769.4

174.9

Trace.

51.1

129.9

2.3

307.6

72.9

} 4.9

25.2

3.4

51.7

.63

2,121.33 

73.7

E

46.8

249.6

4.4

None.

2.7

3.9

80.8

10.6

5.3

.4

18,4

.5

423.4 

493.5
EIVEBS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPEINGS. 

n. Percentage composition.

19

S04 ..... ...... .............................

cos.. ......................................

HCOa....... ................ ...............

Cl..... ....................................

Br...... ...................................

K.........................................

Na.. ......................................

Li.........................................

Ca.........................................

Mg.. ......................................

Fe...... .............I..... ................

Al.. .......................................

8407.......................................

SiO».. .....................................

NH4 ...... .................................

a

13.89

49.92

.83

1.16

5.41

11.81

3.32 } -

13.25

100.00

b

27.82

32.32

8.79

None.

2.53

8.25

.06

12.93

3.46

.28

.78

.03

2.74

.01

100.00

C

30.37

11.99

14.71

9.32

Trace.

3.50

7.08

.09

16.20

3.78

[ .,

2.89

100.00

d

24.86

36.27

Trace.

2.41

6.12

.10

14.50

3.44 1 n

f -23

1.19

.16

2.44

.03

100.00

e

11.05

58.95

1.04

None.

.64

.92

None.

19.08

2.51

1.25

.09

None.

None.

4.35

.12

100.00

The following waters were collected in the Norris Basin. Analyses by Whitfield 

with some special determinations by Gooch.

A. Fearless Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.0011, at 15.5° C. This water contains 

traces of caesium and rubidium.

B. Pearl Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.0011 at 15.5? C. B407 was computed to 

satisfy excess of soda, actual determination having been prevented by loss of material.

C. Constant Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.001152.

D. Coral Spring. Sample taken in 1884. Specific gravity,. 1.0013.

E. Coral Spring. Sample taken in 1886. Specific gravity, 1.00124.

F. Echinus Spring. Specific gravity, 1.000711.

G. Schlammkessel. Specific gravity, 1.001304.

H. Opal Spring. Specific gravity, 1.00145. Not reported in Bulletin 47. Analysis made in 1889.

All analyses stated in parts per million, with percentage composition of the dissolved substances in Table II. Free hydrochloric acid is given as such, not in the 

form of ions. Cl represents the chlorine of metallic chlorides.

L Parts per million.

SO4 . .................

CO3 ... ...............

HC03 ... .............

Cl........... .........

HC1......... .........

Br.. .................

K....... .............

Na.... ...............

Li....................

Ca.. .................

Mg........ ...........

AL. .................

Fe.. .................

Mn....... ............

B^OT.... .............

AsO2 .. ...............

SiOz ....... ...........

NH4 . ................

HsS... ...............

Free COa .. ...........

A

44.0

6.4

670.5

2.6

41.5

404.6

8,1

9.2

.1

.2

.6

24.8

2.4

418.0

.25

Trace.

1,633.25

B

27.4

10.2

652.0

Undet.

54.4

404.6

2.2

6.4

.9

3.1

Trace.

rvn Al [30.4]

463.6

21

Trace.

1,659.51

C

110.8

546.1

28.7

74.5

319.0

3.0

14.6

1.8

4.8

35.3

2.0

468.5

1 97

1,610.37 

15.5

D

31.7

694.6

14.4

72.9

393.6

2.0

10.2

2.2

2.9

36.5

.8

607.0

.43

1,869.23

49 £

E

33.6

2.9

670.1

81.5

392.5

4.0

7.1

1.4

7.7

41.0

1.0

580.5

1.823.6

94 -I

F

231.5

94.0

27.4

QQ C

126.5

11.5

2.7

1O 9

1 Q

OKQ O

1

AA

808.46

OC A

G

121.4

570.6

70.4

25.4

365.4

2

n

7.8

\ 81 f 8- 1

43.5

457.7

TVs*/***

1,679.83 

17.5

H

27.3

462.8

252.1

109.0

223.0

4.5

3.3

2

ft

None

Nous

762.0

1,846.9
20 WATER ANALYSES. 

II. Percentage composition.

SO4 . ...............

CO3 ... ...............

HCO...... ...........

CL. .............

HC1... ............

Br.. ...............

K........ ..

Na.... ..............

Li..............

Ca. .............

Mg.. .......... .......

Ai. ......

Fe.. ................

Mn...... .......

B4 07 ..... ............

AsOs.... ..........

SiOj..... .............

NH*. ..........

H2S....... ........

a

2.69

.39

41.05

.16

24.77

AQ

Ka

.01

rtO

.06

1.52

.14

25.58

.02

TVano

100.00

b

1.65

.62

39.28

Undet.

3 9ft

94 3Q

1*1

OQ

.06

IS

1.83

.25

97 Qd

.01

Trace

100.00

c

6.88

33.91

1.78

4.68

19.80

.18

on .11OQ

2.19

.11

29.09

.08

100.00

d

1.70

37.16

.77

3.90

21.06

.11

.54

.12

.15

TT&CG

1.96

.04

32.47

.02

None

100.00

e

1.85

.16

36.75

4.47

21.53

.22

.35

.08

.43

2.25

.05

31.84

.02

None

100.00

f

28.63

None.

11.63

3.39

Trace.

4.88

15.65

Trace.

1.43

.33

2.38

.23

31.32

.38

Trace

100.00

g

7.23

None.

33.96

4.19

Trace.

1.51

21.75

.17

.47

.02

\ 48 ; - 48

2.59

None.

27.25

.13

100.00

h

1.47

None.

None.

25.06

13.65

5.91

12.07

.24

.18

.02

.14

None.

None.

41.26

None.

100.00

Waters of the Lower and Midway Geyser basins:

A. Fountain Geyser, Lower Basin. Specific gravity, 1.0010, at 15.5° C. Analysis 

by Gooch.

B. Great Fountain Geyser, Lower Basin. Specific gravity, 1.00104. Analysis 

by Whitfield.

C. Hygeia Spring, Lower Basin. Specific gravity, 1.001075. Analysis by Whitfield.

D. Madison Spring, Terrace Springs, near junction of Firehole and Gibbon rivers. 

Specific gravity, 1.001001. Analysis by Whitfield.

E. Excelsior Geyser, Midway Basin. Specific gravity, 1.0011, 15.5° C. Analysis 

by Gooch.

All analyses stated in parts per million. Percentage composition of dissolved 

substances given in Table II.

I. Parts per million.

SO4 .. ......................................

co».. ......................................

HC03 ... ...................................

01.........................................

Br..... ....................................

K.. .......................................

Na. .......................................

Li.........................................

Ca.. .......................................

Mg.. ......................................

Al.........................................

Fe......... ................................

Mn

B407....... ................................

AsO2- .....................................

P04-. .....................................

Si02.......................................

NHt.. .....................................

H^S. ......................................

A

23.4

222.1

333.7

.4

37.9

352.2

3.5

1.4

1.0

5.7

.2

15.4

2.9

.05

331.5

.15

1.331.5 

70.5

B

22.2

None.

270.8

350.8

Undet.

14.5

335.1

2.5

1.7

2.3

2.1

Trace.

11.1

1.8

318.2

Undet.

1,333.1 

12.1

C

23.5

None.

306.1

248.7

Trace.

15.4

265.4

3.2

6.4

2.2

3.6

None.

26.5

3.6

247.7

.21

1,152.51 

69.9

D

14.8

None.

779.7

69.8

None.

38.5

293.0

.4

25.5

1.7

None.

None.

14.5

Trace.

150.7

.8

None.

1,389.4 

51.6

E

17.5

149.3

378.4

279.3

Trace.

32.5

418.6

2.0

2.2

2.2

1.2

1,8

Trace.

18.0

2.8

Trace.

221.4

.01

Trace.

1,527.21
BIVEBS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPBINGS. 

II. Percentage composition.

21

BOt.... ....................................

CO3.... ....................................

KCOs.... ..................................

Cl... ......................................

Br... ...... ................................

K.........................................

Na........................................

Li.........................................

Ca.. .......................................

Mg.. ......................................

Al.. .......................................

Fe.........................................

Mn... .....................................

Bi07 ......... ..............................

AsO*.......... ............................

P0t .. .....................................

8iOa .......................................

ySKt.... ...................................

H2B. ...................:..................

a

1.76

None.

16.68

25.07

.03

2.85

26.45

.26

.11

.07

42

.01

1.16

.22

Trace.

24.90

.01

100.00

b

1.67

20.32

26.31

Undet.

1.08

25.14

.19

.13

.17

.16

.83

.13

23.87

TJndet.

100.00

c

2.04

None.

26.56

21.58

Trace.

1.33

23.03

.28

.56

.19

.31

Trace.

2.30

.31

21.49

.02

100.00

d

"1.07

None.

56.11

5.03

2.77

21.09

.03

1.83

.13

None.

1.04

Trace.

10.84

.06

100.00

e

1.15

9.78

24.78

18.29

Trace.

2.13

27.41

.13

.14

14

.08

.12

Trace.

1.18

.18

Trace.

14.49

Trace.

Trace.

100.00

Waters of the Upper Geyser Basin:

A. Giantess Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.0010, at 15.5° C. Analysis by Gooch.

B. Splendid Geyser. Sample taken in 1884. Specific gravity, 1.00127. Analysis 

by Whitfield.

C. Splendid Geyser. Sample taken in 1885. Specific gravity, 1.00151. Analysis 

by Gooch and Whitfield.

D. Grotto Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.001205. Analysis by Whitfield.

E. Old Faithful Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.00096, at 15.5° C. Analysis by Gooch. 

This water contains traces of caesium and rubidium.

All analyses stated in parts per million. Percentage composition of the dissolved 

substances is given in Table II.

I. Parts per million.

SO4........................................

COg.. .....................................

HCOg. ....................................

Cl.. .......................................

Br.........................................

K. ........................................

Na... .....................................

Li.........................................

Ca.........................................

Mg.. ......................................

Al........ .................................

Fe..... ....................................

Mn........................................

BiO,. .....................................

As02 ... ...................................

P04 . ......................................

SiO3 .......................................

SiOa.......................................

NHi.......................................

H2S. ......................................

A

20.2

85.8

59.1

440.8

41.0

345.1

5.7

.7

1.2

4.9

Trace.

24.9

.7

vn 7

Undet.

1,412.2

B

19.0

29.8

530.1

318.1

15.2

417.9

3.7

3.4

1.5

3.4

26.7

1.1

300.0

.42

1,670.32

C

19.0

38.2

551.5

322.7

14.1

440.7

2.3

3.0

.5

2.7

.08

None.

26.1

2.1

.16

296.4

.08

1,717.62

D

17.7

104.4

331.3

304.5

Trace.

24.9

385.3

4.1

3.9

1.0

3.6

Trace.

32.3

.4

259.0

.23

1,472.63

E

18.2

121.9

439.1

3.4

26.7

366.6

5.6

1.5

.6

.9

Trace.

Trace,

16.5

2.3

17.3

369.1

.01

.2

1,389.91
22 WATEE ANALYSES. 

II. Percentage composition.

SO,... .....................................

C03 .. .....................................

HC03 ...... ...............................

Cl......... ................................

Br.. .......................................

K.... .....................................

Na. .......................................

Li.........................................

Ca.... .....................................

Al

Fe.. ....... ....... .........................

Mn........................................

B40T .. ....................................

AsOa ... ...................................

P04 . ......................................

Si 03 .. ...... ...............................

SiO,.. ...... ...............................

NH4.......................................

HsS. ......................................

a

1.42

6.02

404

31.02

2.88

2428

.40

.05

.08

.35

1.75

.05

27.56

Undet.

100.00

b

1.14

1.78

31.74

19.05

.91

25.02

.22

.20

.09

.20

1.59

.07

17.96

.03

100.00

c

1.10

2.22

32.12

18.78

.70

25.71

.13

.17

.02

.15

.005

None.

1.51

r!2

.01

17.25

.005

100.00

d

1.20

7.09

22.49

20.68

Trace.

1.69

26.16

.28

.26

.07

.25

Trace.

2.19

.03

17.59

.02

100.00

e

1.31

8.77

None.

31.58

.25

1.94

26.37

.40

.11

.04

.06

Trace.

Trace.

1.19

.17

None.

1.24

26.56

Trace.

.01

100.00

Waters of the Upper Geyser Basin Continued. Analyses by Whitfield, with 

special determinations by Gooch:

A. Beehive Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.000955.

B. Artemisia Geyser. Specific gravity, 1.001215.

C. Turban and Grand Geysers. Specific gravity, 1.001085. The vents of these 

geysers are connected.

D. Bench Spring. 1

E. Asta Spring.

All analyses stated in parts per million. The percentage composition of the dissolved solids is given in Table II.

I. Parts per million.

S04 .....................................

cos .... ...................................

HC03 . ..................................

a.........................................

Br.. .......................................

K.........................................

Na........................................

Li.........................................

Ca........... ..............................

Mg. .......................................

Al ........................................

Fe........ .................................

B4 07 .. ....................................

AsO2 ......................................

SiOi...... .................................

NH4..... ..................................

EbS... ....................................

A

32.5

102.0

23.8

389.4

Trace.

21.3

311.8

6.1

3.9

.2

2.9

Trace.

16.1

1.2

304.2

.21

None.

1,215.61

B

15.2

104.3

384.9

299.6

Trace.

16.3

398.8

7.0

1.4

None.

7.9

Trace.

19.7

1.5

273.7

.21

None.

1,530.51

C

26.2

105.8

162.8

376.7

Trace.

16.7

381.8

3.6

2.8

None.

3.2

Trace.

27.1

1.2

303.5

.42

Trace.

1,411.82

D

138.1

Undet.

Undet.

Trace.

9.7

57.4

Trace.

Trace.

Trace.

} 14.5

None.

None.

240.0

None.

459.7

E

38.9

None.

209.3

94.7

None.

11.6

134.0

.8

11.8

1.0

I <;» > 0. V

Trace.

None.

165.0

None.

673.0 

29.0

i Analysis made on an insufficient quantity of water. As given, there is an excess of basic over acid 

radicles. Part of the Al is to be reckoned as sulphate, part as Al2Os.
BTVEBS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS. 

II. Percentage composition.

SO*............ ............................

COg.......................................

HCO».....................................

a.........................................

Br.........................................

K... ......................................

Na........................................

Li.........................................

Ca...... ................. .................

S ................................................................................ 

Fe....... ..................................

BiOr.. ....................................

AsOi... ...................................

BIO*.... ...................................

NH4.. .....................................

HtS.. .....................................

a

2.67

8.30

1.96

32.13

1.75

25.64

.50

.32

.02

.24

Trace.

1.32

.10

25.03

.02

None.

100.00

b

0.99

6.82

25.15

19.57

1.06

26.06

.46

.09

None.

.52

Trace.

1.29

.10

17.88

.01

None.

100.00

c

1.75

7.50

11.54

26.70

1.19

27.06

.25

.20

None.

.25

Trace.

1.93

.08

21.52

.03

Trace.

100.00

d

30.04

Undet.

Undet.

Trace.

2.11

12.49

Trace.

Trace.

Trace.

f O. 10

None.

None.

52.21

None.

100.00

e

5.78

31.10

14.08

1.72

19.91

.12

1.75

.15

\ 87

f ' 87

Trace.

None.

24.52

None.

100.00

The following group of analyses of waters from scattered localities in the Yellowstone National Park was made by Whitfield, with boric acid determinations by Gooch:

A. Taurus Geyser, Shoshone Basin. Specific gravity, 1.00105.

B. Chrom<§ Spring, Crater Hill. Specific gravity, 1.002315.

C. Spring at Soda Butte. Specific gravity, 1.001383.

D. Mushpots Spring, Pelican Creek. Specific gravity, 1.000885.

E. Cache Creek Spring or "Marble Bath." Partial analysis, the water having 

undergone change since it was collected. Analysis made in 1889 and not reported 

in Bulletin 47.

F. Green Spring, near Twin Lakes. Specific gravity, 1.00112. Strongly acid. 

Analysis made in 1889 and not reported in Bulletin 47.

G. The Devil's Inkpot, Mount Washburn. Specific gravity, 1.002214. A unique 

water rich in ammonium sulphate and strongly acid. In this and some other waters 

the free acids are stated as HCl and H2S04 . In certain analyses B203 is restated as 

orthoboric acid, H3B03 .

All analyses stated in parts per million. The percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given in Table II.

I. Parts per million.

SO4...... ............. ..........

COg.... ................ .........

HCO3.. .........................

CL. ............................

Br... ............. ..............

K. .............................

Na. ............................

Li..............................

Ca..... .........................

Mg. ............................

Al..... .........................

Fe... .............. .............

B!07.. .................. .........

AsO2 . ..........................

SiOg............. ...............

SiOi.. ..........................

NH4 ........ ....................

HCl............................

HsS04 .... ......................

HsS. ............ ...............

FreeCOj.......................

A

46.2

None.

None.

193.5

23.5

320.2

.9

Trace.

.9

4.0

Trace.

16.5

.8

309.8

4S.K)

1.0

965.3 

321.0

B

434.3

1,020.7

Undet.

160.3

732.0

6.4

14.0

2.0

X A q

} 4' 3

39.8

7.7

375.0

10.6

85.9

2,893.0 

14.7

C

73.7

1,080.4

31.5

23.8

57.5

Trace.

232.5

63.2

u. y

16.7

None.

33.5

5.7

4.2

1,629.6 

471.4

D

557.4

None.

None.

19.5

117.5

63.2

21.4

4.5

227.0

10.0

4.8

89.8

9.9

1, 125. 0 

4.5

E

5.5

None.

1,646.5

67.0

45.2

130.0

230.8

123.8

2.2

Present.

None.

65.1

13.2

104.0

2,433.3 

208.3

F

348.0

None.

None.

25. i

24.0

32.0

2.2

34.6

None.

260.0

None.

539.8

1,265.7

G

2,276.9

None.

None.

8.3

7.2

.4

39.6

12.1

3.7

Trace.

None.

89.7

768.7

6.0

36.3

98.9

5.1

3,352.9 

64.7
WATER ANALYSES. 

II. Percentage composition.

SO4.. ..........................

COg............................

HCOg..........................

Cl. .............................

Br...... ........................

K.. ............................

Na... ..........................

Li..............................

Ca....... .......................

Tdffr

Af................... ..........

Fe....... .......................

B40,.. .........................

AsO2 . ..........................

Si03 .. ..........................

8iOa.. ....... ...................

NH4... .........................

HC1. ...........................

HsSO,... .......................

HgBOg.. .......................

HaS. ...........................

a

4.79

20.05

2.43

33.17

no

Trace.

.09

.42

1.71

.07

32.10

4.98

.10

NOHG

100.00

b

15.01

35.28

Undet. f; fid

25.34

99

.48

.07

I . 

1.37

.26

12.95

.36

2.97

100.00

C

4.53

66.31

1.93

1 4fi

3.53

14.27

3.86 f "

1.02

None.

2.06

.35

.26

100.00

d

49.55

1.73

10.45

5.62

1.90

.40

20.17

.89

.43

7.98

.88

100.00

e

0.23

67.67

2.76

1.86

5.34

9.48

5.09

.09

'2.67

.54

4.27

100.00

f

27.49

1.90

1.97

2.53

.18

2.74

20.54

42.65

100.00

g

67.91

.25

.22

.01

1.18

.36

.11

Trace.

None.

2.68

22.92

.17

1.09

2.95

.15

100.00

MONTANA.

A. Livingston Warm Springs. Free H2S present.

B. Helena Hot Springs, Helena. Temperature 60.5° C.

C. Warm Springs of Emigrant Gulch, Yellowstone Valley.

D. Mill Creek Cold Spring, Yellowstone Valley.

Analyses A to D by F. W. Clarke in 1884. C03 calculated to satisfy bases.

E. Matthews Warm Springs, 7 miles from Bozeman. Temperature 44.5 ° C.

F. Spring No. 2, White Sulphur Springs, Meagher County. Temperature 45.5° C. 

Traces of H2S present.

Analyses E and F by R. B. Riggs in 1885.

All analyses stated in parts per million. The percentage composition of the dissolved matter is given under a, b, c, etc., in Table II.

I. Farts per million.

SO*...........................

CO8 .. ....... ..................

Cl.... ....I...................

I..............................

K........ .....................

Na..... .......................

Li............................

Ca............................

Mg..... .......................

(Al, Fe) z 03 .. ................

SiOj. .........................

BiOt.. ........................

A

222.4

248 4

12.4

4.1

25.6

167.8

43.8

29.0

753.5

B

185.4

114.0

36.2

187.3

10.7

Trace.

93.8

627.4

C

32.9

86.8

7.4

4.3

29.9

34.6

7.7

31.7

235.3

D

650.0

1,316.6

277.1

Trace.

51.3

. 881. 4

376.8

81.1

87.5

25.0

3, 746. 8

E

135.5

n o

50.5

7.0

164.0

13.6

1.0

63.7

86.4

591.6

F

302.5

424.0

187.5

42.5

490.0

Trace.

5J.2

12.5

11.1

33.0

1,554.3
BIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS. 

II. Percentage composition.

so*...........................

COs.... .......................

Cl. ........................... I..............................

K.. ...........................

Na..... .......................

Li............................

Ca............................

Mg....

(Al,Fe)a03 . ..................

BiOg..........................

SiO2 .. ........................

a

" 29.52

32.97

1.64

54

3.39

22.28

5.81

3.85

100.00

b

29.51

18.17

5.77

29.89

1.71

14.95

100.00

c

13.98

36.88

3.14

1.83

12 71

14.71

3.28

13.47

100.00

d

17.35

35.14

7.39

Trace.

1.37

23.53

10.06

2.17

2.34

.65

100.00

ff

22.57

12.15

8.54

1.18

27.73

2.30

.17

16.76

14.60

100.00

f

19.47

27.28

12.08

2.73

31.53

3.29

.79

.71

2.12

100.00

COLORADO.

A. Spring near Denver. Specific gravity 1.063 at 20.8° C. Analysis by L. GEakius in 1888. Originally stated in grams per kilogram.

B. Cold Sulphur Spring, Idaho Springs.

C. Blue Ribbon Spring, Idaho Springs.

D. Hot Spring, Idaho Springs.

Analyses B, C, and D by W. T. Schaller, 1906.

E. Fariss artesian well, Pueblo. Analysis by H. N. Stokes, 1894.

F. Artesian well, Rocky Ford. Specific gravity 1.0008 at 30.5° C. Analysis by 

W. F. Hillebrand, 1895.

All analyses stated in parts per million. The percentage composition of the dissolved 

solids is given in Table IT.

L Farts per million.

S04 .......... .................

HCO3 .... .....................

a.............................

Br. ...........................

1... ...........................

N03 .................... .......

K... ..........................

Na.. ..........................

Li.............................

Ca. ...........................

Mg......... ................... si:.. .........:::..............

Mn , Fe. ...........................

Ala03 . ........................

P04...........................

B40,.. ........................

Cu. ...........................

Zn. ...........................

SiOa .. ........................

NEU. .........................

Free COa. .....................

A

41, 361. 7

1,492.2

127.1

6, 397. 6

Trace.

302.4

7,286.9

28.0

TVa/>a

56,995.9 

210.1

B

317.7

985.3

45.7

54.6

343.5

Trace.

109.8

29.2

Trace.

3.0

1.4

Undet.

56.5

1,946.7 

28.3

C

352.1

1,320.4

58.3

59.0

457.3

Trace.

128.5

35.1

Trace.

7.6

Trace?

7.8

65.0

2,491.1 

18.3

D

391.6

1,302.7

61.4

66.1

447.8

Trace.

145.1

36.0

Trace.

3.7

.9

11.8

69.4

2, 536. 5 

461.0

E

514.0

321.7

24.7

Trace.

15.4

245.3

Trace.

57.9

32.5

1.3

TVopA \ ,.«

None.

Trace.

10.1

Trace.

1,223.9 

31.2

F

453.80

194.93

28.20

Trace?

Trace.

.39

7.00

259.20

.46

14.95

12.40

.50

2.80

Trace?

Trace.

None.

11.90

.80

987.33 

39.3
26 WATER ANALYSES. 

II. Percentage composition.

S0<. ..........................

HCO3 .... .....................

CL. ........ ...

Br. .............. .

I..................... ... .

NO,.... ........ ...............

K.............. ........ ..

Na.................... ....

Li......... ..

Ca.. ..........................

Mg........... .................

Sr........ ........

Mn

Fe.. ..........................

Feg03 .. .......................

Al,03 .. .......................

P04 .................... .......

B«OT............... ...........

Cu. ................ .. ..

Zn. ...........

SiOs .... ........

NH4 . ...... ...... ....

a

70 K7

2.62

oo

11.22

54

12.78

TVafo

nc

100.00

b

16.33

50.62

2.34

9 Sft

17.65

5 64

1.50

11

.07

Undet.

Trace

9 on

100.00

c

14.17

53.00

2 35

2.36

18.35

5.16

1 40

.30

TVcnv*

.31

None

9 ftfi

100.00'

d

15.44

51.36

2.42

9 Pfl

17.65

Trace

e 70

1.42

.ii

04

.47

O »7,l

100.00

e

41 QQ

26.29

2.02

None

1.26

20.04

fPrSIJ^O

4.73

2.66

.11

TVopA

} .08

QO

100.00

f

45.96

19.75

2 Oft

04

.71

26.25

.05

1.50

1.26

.05

.28

Trace?

i 01

.08

100.00

G. Artesian water from well 420 feet deep.

H. Artesian water from well 386 feet deep. Both wells at Atchison, Topeka <& 

Santa Fe Railroad shops.

I, J. Surface wells.

Waters G to J are all from La Junta. Analyses by W. F. Hillebrand in 1895.

K. Spring near bed of West Dolores River, at Dunton. Analysis by H. N. Stokes, 

1899.

L, M. Two waters from the Slumgullion mud flow, San Cristobal quadrangle. 

Analyses by George Steiger, 1908.

All analyses stated in parts per mill ion. The percentage composition of the dissolved 

substances is given in Table II.

I. Farts per million.

S04 ... .........................

C03 . ...........................

HC03 . .........................

CL. ............................

K. .............................

Na. ............................

Li..............................

Ca.... ..........................

Mg.. ...........................

Br.... ..........................

Mn... ..........................

Fe.............................

Al..... .........................

B407 .. .........................

P04 .. ..........................

Si02 ....... .....................

Cu..... ........................

Free COj. ......................

G

675.9

339.2

KA f\

6.4

360.0

73.8

20.7

.1

.8

Trace

16.1

1,547.0

H

71.1

1,583.0

66.9

6.4

668.7

4.4

2.5

2.4

3.4

51.0

2,459.8

I

552.5

34.1

138.3

55.9

6.2

142.9

Trace.

145.4

34.2

17.8

1,127.3

J

550.6

37.1

127.8

56.1

6.2

143.2

140.4

35.8

15.4

1,112.6

K

308.00

1, 113. 29

14.24

17.21

38.80

Trace.

371.22

48.75

2.64

1.80

4.46

.43

Trace.

.17

40.10

Trace.

1,961.11 

65.80

L

3,088.4

1.5

19.5

409.5

.8

Trace.

12.5

232.7

224.9

113.9

4, 104. 0

M

3,273.5

5.6

19.3

477.5

1.9

None.

20.4

46.0

277.7

118.2

4,240.1
RIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS, 

n. Percentage composition.

27

SOi.. ..........................

C03 . ...........................

HC08 .. ........................

Cl.. ............................

K..............................

Na. ............................

Li..............................

Ca.. ......... ...................

UTir

Sr. .....................!.......

Mn

Fe..... ........................

Al..... .........................

B407 . ..........................

P0t. ...........................

SiOa.... ....... .................

Cu.. ...........................

g

43.69

21.93

3.49

.41

23.27

4.77

1.34

.01

.05

Trace.

1.04

100.00

h

2.89

64.35

2.72

.26

27.18

.18

.10

Trace.

.10

.14

2.08

100.00

i

49.02

3.02

12.27

4.96

.55

12.68

12.89

3.03

1.58

100.00

i

49.49

3.34

11.49

5.04

.55

12.87

12.62

3.22

1.38

100.00

k

15.72

56.78

. .72

.88

1.98

18.93

2.48

.13

.09

.22

.02

.01

2.04

TVantt

100.00

1

75.25

.03

.47

10.00

.02

.31

5.67

<\ 4R

2 77

100.00

m

77 1Q

14

.48

11.26

.05

.48

1.08

6.55

2.78

100.00

Three hot springs, Wagon Wheel Gap, about 8 miles southeast of Creede.

N. Main Spring.

0. McClelland Spring.

P. Soda Spring.

Specific gravity 1.001 for each water. Analyses by George Steiger in 1914. All 

analyses stated in parts per million. Under n, o, and p the percentage composition 

of the dissolved solids is given.

CL. ......................................

SO4 ... ................... ................

CO3 .. ....................................

HCO3 ....................................

Mg.. ....................................

Ca.......................................

Br............... ........................

K..................... ...................

Na............. ..........................

Li.......................................

Al.Fe....................................

8i02 .. ...................................

N

202.5

178.6

865.0

17.7

19.8

1.7

41.2

456.4

1.2

.8

87.0

1,871.9 

38.3

n

10.82

9.54

46.21

.95

1.06

.09

2.20

24.38

.06

.04

4.65

100.00

0

200.0

171.8

1,015.0

16.9

67.1

2.7

50.4

444.8

2.4

1.4

88.9

2,061.4 

31.7

0

9.70

8.33

49.24

.82

3.25

.13

2.45

21.58

.12

.07

4.31

100.00

P

195.5

132.0

69.6

915.0

16.3

70.0

2.5

34.8

446.6

1.8

1.9

76.4

1,962.4

P

9.96

6.73

3.55

46.63

.83

3.56

.13

1.77

22.76

.09

.10

3.89

100.00

TJTAH.

A. Water of Bear Biver, a tributary of Great Salt Lake. Sample actually taken 

at Evanston, Wyoming, but more appropriately classed here.

B. Water of City Creek, above Salt Lake City reservoir..

C. Utah Lake. 1

D. Utah Hot Springs, 8 miles north of Ogden.

Analyses A to D by F. W. Clarke in 1884. C03 calculated to satisfy bases.

E. Beck's Hot Springs, north of Salt Lake City. Analysis by R, B. Riggs in 1886.

All analyses stated in milligrams per liter, or parts per million, nearly. The percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given in Table II, under a, b, c, etc.

i Recent analyses, 1899 to 1904, of the water of Utah Lake have been made in the Bureau of Boils, U. S. 

Department of Agriculture. They show a complete change in the character of the water, due to irrigation. 

Chlorides have largely increased and concentration is quadrupled. Tor the detailed analyses see The Data 

of Geochemistry: Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey 491, p. 145,1911.
28 WATER ANALYSES. 

I. Milligrams per liter.

SO4 ...... .................................

CO...... ...................................

HOC-,...... ................................

Cl... .................................. ...

Br.. .......................................

K. ........................................

Na. .......................................

Li.........................................

Ca............ .............................

Mg.. ......................................

B407 .... ...................................

AljO,.... ..................................

BiOa.......................................

A

in f\

96.8

4 Q

8.2

43.2

12.5

7.0

183.1

B

7.0

128.0

10 1

} 91

58.9

17.4

1.0

9.0

243.5

C

130.6

59.8

12.4

17.8

55.8

18.6

10.0

305.0

D

218.4

144.0

13, 703. 0

875.9

7,082.5

1, 142. 8

92.9

4.0

46.0

23,309.5

E

840.5

75.7

130.9

6,743.8

196.9

3,754.9

Trace.

694.3

109.5

Trace.

9.0

31.5

12,587.0

II. Percentage composition.

so4........................................

CO.........................................

HCO,... ...................................

Cl. ........................................

Br.......... ...............................

K............... ...........................

Na.........................................

Li.........................................

Ca............... ..........................

Mg........................................

B407 .... ................................

Al20a ..... ................ .................

SiOj.......................................

a

5.73

KO Q7

2.68

4.48

23.59

6.83

3.82

100.00

b

2.87

52.57

5.38

3.74

24.19

7.15

.41

3.69

100.00

c

42.82

19.61

4.06

5.83

18.30

6.10

3.28

100.00

d

0.93

.62

58.77

3.75

30.38

4.94

.39

.02

.20

100.00

e

6.63

.60

1.04

53.58

1.57

29.84

Trace.

5.52

.85

Trace.

.07

.25

100.00

F. Water from Jackson Bros.' Spring, Nephi. 

G. Bittern from Inland Crystal Salt Co., Salt Lake City. 

Analyses by R. K. Bailey in 1913, stated in grams per kilogram, 

percentage composition of the Baline matter is given.

Under f and g the

Cl. ....................................................

S04.... ...... ............. .............. ...............

Tdfa

Ca.. ...................................................

Na.....................................................

K.. ....................................................

F

156.80

3.20

.13

102.10

.35

262.58

f

59.71

1.22

.05

38.89

.13

100.00

G

146.8

34.0

13.8

79.5

8.4

282.5

g

51.95

12.03

4.90

28.15

2.97

100.00

NEW MEXICO.

A. Spring 1 mile west of Santa Fe. Analysis by F. W. Clarke in 1885. CO3 

calculated to satisfy bases.

B. Spring near Fort Wingate. Analysis by Clarke in 1886, with CO3 determination 

by E. B. Riggs.

C. Thermal spring at Ojo Caliente, near Taos. Specific gravity 1.00273, at 18.4° C. 

Alkaline. Analysis by W. F. Hillebrand, 1892. Bromine, manganese, and sulphides 

absent.

All analyses stated in parts per million. Under a, b, and c the percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given.
RIVEBS, LAKES, WELLS,, AND SPRINGS. 29

SO4 ,. ............. ...........

COs.. ........................

HCOg..... ...................

Cl.. ....... ...................

I.............................

NO».... .....................

K.... ........................

Na.. .............. ...........

Li...........................

Ca.. .........................

ST............................

Ba.. .........................

Ife--

B407 ..... ....................

AsO4.... .....................

P0«....... ...................

FesOg. .......................

Al80g.. ......................

SiOs.. .......................

NH4.. .......................

F. ...........................

A

18.7

135.5

11.7

Uhdet.

14 9

63.4

17.3

22.6

283. S

a

6.59

47.80

4.13

Undet.

5.25

22.37

6.10

7.76

100.00

B

282.2

53.3

162.0

6.6

2.4

15.6

135.0

36.1

16.0

709.2

b

<X* 7Q

7.52

22.84

.93

OK

2.20

IQ na

5.09

2.25

100.00

C

151.0

47.5

2,150.0

Wl A.

31.4

QQC I

3.44

22.8

1.4

9.5

4.2

.2

1.6

.5

60.2

5.2

3,715.44

c

4.07

1 9Q

57.87

6.23

TVa/***?

HfVon0

QA

Oft 7Q

.10

an

.03

Tropp

.26

.11

Trace.

Trace.

04

.01

1.62

.14

100.00

NEVADA.

A. Steamboat Springs. Analysis by W. H. Melville, published by G. F. Beckerin 

U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 13, p. 349,1888. Contains traces of cgesium, rubidium, and 

mercury. These springs deposit a sinter containing gold, silver, and the sulphides of 

mercury, lead, copper, arsenic, and antimony.

B. Hot spring. Hot Spring station, Central Pacific Railroad (abandoned line). 

Analysis by T. M. Chatard in 1884.

C. Hot Spring, Ward's ranch, foot of Granite Mountain. Analysis by Chatard, 1884.

D. Water of Walker River, just below junction oi branches.

E. Water of Walker Lake, at surface.

F. Water of Walker Lake, at 215 feet depth. Analyses D, E, and F, by F. W. 

Clarke, 1884, with C03 calculated to satisfy bases.

All analyses stated in milligrams per liter, or parts per million, nearly. The percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given under a, b, c, etc., in Table II.

I, Milligrams per liter.

so«.. .........................

CO8 . ..........................

HCOg.... .....................

Cl..... ........................

PC-4.. ....... ..................

Bid... ...... ........ .........

S..... ........................

K......... ....................

Na.. ............. .............

Li............................

Ca.. ..........................

Mg... ................ .........

Fe. ...........................

AUG.... ......................

Al. ...........................

SiOg. .........................

SiOi.. ........................

Ac

Sb............................

A

124.77

34.73

210- 76

952.56

.84

242.22

5.88

103.31

825.72

7.09

6.84

.29

.14

91

98.37

232.99

2.75

.43

2,849.94

B

355.5

967.9

66.9

774.3

30.5

1.0

92.2

206.0

2,495.3

C

313.1

578.7

227.2

63.0

611.6

58.9

60.4

1.8

154.5

2,069.2

D

28.4

56.4

13.1

31.8

Trace.

22.8

 3.8

22.5

178.8

E

527.5

429.7

587.5

Trace.

857.7

26.7

39.1

7.5

2,475.7

F

512.5

422.4

580.0

853.0

17.6

37.5

7,5

2,430.5
30 WATER ANALYSES. 

II. Percentage composition.

SO*.... ............ ...........

COg.. .........................

HC03 ........ .................

CL... .........................

P04 .......... .................

8407......... .................

8............. .................

K.... .........................

Na.. ...... ....................

Li.............................

Ca.. ...........................

Ug........ ....................

Fe. ............................

AlsO,.. ........................

Al........ .....................

Si03 ........ ...................

Si02 ...........................

As.............................

Bb. ...........................

a

4.38

1.22

7 10

33.43

.03

8.50

.21

3.63

28.97

oe

.24

.01

.01

3.45

8.17

no

09

100.00

b

14.25

38.79

2.69

31.04

Trace

1.23

.04

.04

3.67

8.25

100.00

c

15.13

27.97

10.98

3.05

29.56

2.84

2.92

09

7.46

100.00

d

15.88

31.54

7.33

17.78

Tracs

12.78

2.12

12.57

100.00

e

21.30

17.36

23.72

Trace.

34.64

1.08

1.58

.32

100.00

21.09

17.35

23.87

Trace.

35.11

.72

1.55

.31

100.00

G. Water of Humboldt River, taken at Stone House.

H. Water of Winnemucca Lake. Specific gravity, 1.001 at 17° C.

I. Pyramid Lake, "salt" end, 1 foot below surface.

J. Pyramid Lake, "salt" end, 350 feet below surface.

K. Pyramid Lake, "fresh" end, 1 foot below surface.

L. Pyramid Lake, "fresh" end, 200 feet below surface.

Analyses G to L by F. W. Clarke in 1884. C03 calculated to satisfy bases.

M. Water of Timberlake Well, Fallon. Analysis by W. B. Hicks in 1913. All 

analyses in this group are stated in milligrams per liter, with the percentage composition of the dissolved solids in Table II.

I. Milligrams per liter.

SO4 .... .......... ...............

C03 ........ .....................

HC03 ................ ...........

Cl.................... ...........

K.... ...........................

Na... ...........................

Ca... .............. .............

Mg......

SiOj..... .......................

G

47.7

107 K

7.5

10.0

46 7

48.9

1.3

32.6

344.6

H

133.3

280.6

1. 693. 4

68.6

1.297.0

19.6

17 1

27.5

3,537.3

I

180.3

495.6

1, 429. 8

76.6

1, 173. 1

17.9

80.0

41.2

3, 494. 5

J

185.0

487.1

1.434.2

72.3

1, 181. 7

17.9

80.5

20.0

3, 478. 7

K

177.2

467.6

1. 428. 8

71.9

1, 182. 6

75.2

42.5

3, 445. 8

L

186.4

481.6

1. 427. 1

72.6

1, 180. 9

83.2

30.0

3, 461. 8

M

92.0

85.0

449.0

623.0

11.0

697.0

2.0

.5

35.0

1,994.5

II. Percentage composition.

SO4 .................... ......

C03 ...... .......................

HCOg...... .....................

Cl. .............................

K. .............................

Na............ ..................

Ca.......... ....................

Mg.. ...........................

AUOg...........................

SiO»............................

g

13.84

39.90

2. is

2.90

13.55

14.19

3.60

.38

9.46

100.00

h

3.77

7.93

47.88

1.94

36.66

.56

M

.77

100.00

i

5.16

14.18

40.92

2.19

33.57

.51

2.29

1.18

100.00

J

5.31

14.00

41.23

2.08

33.97

.51

2.32

.58

100.00

k

5.15

13.57

41.47

2.07

34.32

2.18

1.24

100.00

1

5.38

13.92

41.22

9 no

34 11

2.41

.87

100.00

m

4.61

22.51

31.24

.55

34.96

.10

.02

1.75

100.00
BIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGS. 31

N. Large soda lake near Ragtown. Sample taken 1 foot below surface. Specific 

gravity, 1.101.

0. Large soda lake near Ragtown. Sample taken 100 feet below surface. Specific 

gravity, 1.101.

Analyses by T. M. Chatard in 1884. Stated in grams per liter. CO3 calculated to 

satisfy bases. The percentage composition of the dissolved salts is given under n and 

o in the same table.

s64....... .............................................

CO*........... .........................................

HC03 ..... .............................................

Cl. ......................... ...........................

B407 . ............. ..................................

K.....................................................

Na.... ........................... .....................

SiO's........ ...........................................

N

12.960

14.052

3.182

45.690

.314

2.520

45.840

.270

.304

125. 132

n

10.36

11.23

2.55

36.51

.25

2.01

36.63

.22

.24

100.00

O

13.150

9.750

9.967

44. 270

.327

2.670

44. 270

.270

.310

124.984

o

10.52

7.80

7.97

35.42

.27

2.14

35.42

.21

.25

100.00

CALIFORNIA.

A. Water of Lake Tahoe. Analysis by F. W. Clarke in 1884. CO3 calculated to 

satisfy bases.

B. Boiling Spring, 4 miles southeast of Shaffer's ranch, Honey Lake valley. Analysis by T. M. Chatard, 1884.

C. Warm Spring, Warm Spring station, Mono basin. Analysis by Chatard, 1884. 

C03 calculated to satisfy bases.

D. Spring on Tufa Crag, Mono Lake. Analysis by Chatard, 1884. CO3 calculated 

to satisfy bases.

E. Matilija Hot Springs, near San Buenaventura. Analysis by R. B. Riggs, 1887.

All stated in milligrams per liter. In Table II the percentage composition of the 

dissolved substances is given.

I. Milligrams per liter.

SO*........................................

C03 ....... .................................

Cl.. .......................................

K.. .......................................

Na.... ................ ....................

Ca.........................................

S ........................................03 .. ....................................

SiQs.. .....................................

SiOi...... .................................

A

5 4

28.0

2.3

3.3

7.3

9.3

3.0

13.7

72.3

B

349.2

207.0

9.4

304.0

12.1

.4

38.2

100.8

1,021.1

C

313.1

577.5

227.2

63.0

611.6

58.9

60.4

1.8

154.5

2,068.0

D

54.6

100.8

14.4

8.8

51.3

41.4

4.4

17.8

293.5

E

16.9

57.9

876.8

32.5

545.6

65.0

3.4

41.2

8.8

1,648.1

II. Percentage composition.

S04..... ...................................

CO3 .... ....................................

Cl.... .....................................

K..... ....................................

Na..... ...................................

Ca.. .......................................

SiO»... ............... .....................

SiOss.......................................

a

7.47

38.72

3.18

4.56

10.10

12. 87

A 1 K

18.95

100.00

b

34.20

Trscc

20.27

.92

29.77

1.18

04

3.75

9

Q7

100.00

C

15.14

27.92

10.98

3.05

29.58

2.85

2.92

.09

7.47

100.00

d

18.60

34.35

4.91

2.99

17.48

14.11

1.50

6.06

100.00

e

1.04

3.52

53.21

1.97

33.10

3.92

.20

2.50

1i

100.00
32 WATER ANALYSES.

F. Borax Lake. Analysis by W. H. Melville, published by G. F. Becker in U. S. 

Geol. Survey Mon. 13, p. 265, 1888.

G. Mono Lake. Specific gravity, 1.0456 at 17.5° C. Analysis by T. M. Chatard, 

1886.

H. Owens Lake. . Specific gravity, 1.06246 at 15.5° C. Analysis by Chatard, 1887.

I, J, K. Water from three pits on the east shore of Owens Lake. Analyses by 

Chatard, 1887. In his paper on natural soda (U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 60, pp. 27-101, 

1890) Chatard gives analyses of various products of fractional crystallization from the 

water of Owens Lake.

L. Owens Lake. Analysis by W. B. Hicks in 1913. Shows increased concentration 

since 1887. Specific gravity, 1.0977. The analysis is recalculated to uniformity of 

statement with Chatard's analysis. Originally stated in parts per thousand.

All analyses stated in grams per liter. In Table II the percentage composition of

the dissolved solids is given.

I. Grams per liter.

804.............................

C03 .. ..........................

HCOg.l. .......................

01..............................

Br..............................

B4 07 .. .........................

P04.... . ...........

K. .............................

Na.............................

Ca..............................

Wir

Mn.. ................. ....

FesOs.. .........................

A1203 ...........................

SlOg............................

8102 .. ..........................

8...............................

F

0.0987

16.5210

1.3906

24. 7091

.0263

3.8644

.0138

1. 1703

29. 1669

.0240

.0009

.0039

.0029

.0109

3.6i84

80.8896

G

6.6720

10.5690

3.1730

12. 1036

.1600

.9614

19.6853

.0200

.0551

} .0030

.0700

53.4724

H

7.5009

19.0882

.3717

19.3527

None.

.3590

1.6447

28.5146

.0148

.0053

.0138

.2783

77.1684

I

7.308

16.368

4.392

24.316

2.352

32.064

Undet.

Undet.

.296

87.096

J

10.396

21.572

7.320

29.412

Undet.

2.612

41.896

.020

.009

.008

.316

.120

113. 681

K

15. 784

10.736

23.808

Undet.

2.020

33.427

.014

Undet.

.008

.260

.161

92.142

L

11 99

24.09

5.26

31.60

2

«n

2.53

45.87

.25

123.60

II. Percentage composition.

804............-..-.:...........

C03 .... .........................

HC03 ...... .....................

Cl............... ...............

Br... ...........................

B,07 .... ........................

P04 ........... ...........

K..............................

Na

Ca.............................. ~M<r

FesO3 . .............. ...........

AJaQt...........................

SiO....... ......................

SiOi............................

S.... ...........................

t

0.12

20.42

1.72

30.55

.03

4.78

.02

1.47

36.06

.03

.33

Trac6

TVor»o

.01

4.46

100.00

g

12.47

19.76

5.93

22.64

.30

1.80

Qfi CO

.04

.10

| .0.

.13

100.00

h

9.72

24.73

.48

25.08

.47

2.13

OC QC

.02

.01

.02

.03

.36

100.00

i

8.38

18.80

5.04

27.92

Present.

2.70

36.82

Undet.

Undet.

Undet.

.34

100.00

j

9.14

18.98

6.44

25.88

Undet.

2.30

36.85

.02

.01

.01

.27

.10

100.00

k

6.43

17.13

11.65

25.84

Undet.

2.19

36.28

.02

Undet.

.01

' .28

.17

100.00

1

O 74

19.58

4.29

25.00

1.88

2.06

37.25

.20

100.00

Four brines from survey wells about 15 miles a little south of east from Furnace 

Creek ranch, Death Valley. 

M. Well No. 200, at 32 feet depth. 

N. Same, at 38 feet. 

O. Same, at 70 feet. 

P. Well No. 300, at 1 foot.
RIVERS, LAKES, WELLS, AND SPRINGSTwo brines from "Soda Lake," sink of Mojave River, about 30 miles north of Ludlow, Inyo County.

Q. Specific gravity, 1.25.

R. Specific gravity, 1.26

Analysis by R. K. Bailey in 1913, stated in grams per kilogram. The percentage 

composition of the dissolved solids is given in Table II.

I. Grams per kilogram.

a.............................

SO4 . ...... ....................

C03 . ...... ...................

HCOa..... ....................

B4 07 ... ........ ...............

Ca. ....... ....................

Mg.. ..........................

Na.. ..........................

K.. ...........................

M

151.2

22.6

1.2

.2

.15

105.9

3.7

284.95

N

140.20

44.50

1.32

15

109.32

4.01

299.50

0

142. 10

37.60

3.00

25

107.90

5.80

296.65

P

154.40

14.00

1.03

.14

103.00

4.51

277.08

Q

124.60

52.00 e.83

2.40

2.10

114.20

.007

305.137

R

118.00

59.20

6.90

1.90

1.90

115.30

.00$

303. 20&

n. Percentage composition.

Cl...... .......................

S04 ...... .............. .......

cog...... .....................

HCOg.... .............. .......

B407 ........ ..................

Ca. ...........................

Mg........... .................

Na............................

K..... ........................

m

53.07

7.93

Af)

.07

.05

37.17

1.29

100.00

n

46.81

14.81

41

.05

36.54

1.35

100.00

0

47.92

12.67

1.01

.08

36.38

1.95

100.00

P

55.74

5.05

"i7

.04

37.18

1.62

100.00

q

40.84

17.05

3.22

.78

.68

37.43

Trace.

100.00

r

38.99

19.50

2.25

:74=

.6»

37.95

100.00

S. Bittern, Long Branch Salt Co., Long Branch.

T. Bittern, Mount Eden, Alameda County.

U. Bittern, Alvarado, Alameda County.

V. Bittern, Leslie, San Mateo County.

Analyses by R. K. Bailey in 1913, stated in grams per kilogram.

I. Grams per kilogram.

a......................................................

S04 ........... 4 ........................................

Na.. ........ ...........................................

K.... ..................................................

MIT

S

148.5

34.1

61.0

.7

24.8

269.1

T

152.0

60.5

25.2

11.6

50.6

299.9

U

152.6

26.2

70.7

5.0

20.0

274.5

V

150. 4

44.3-

45.0

9,8-

36.1

285.6

II. Percentage composition.

a......................................................

SO4 .......... ..........................................

Na.....................................................

K.................. ....................................

Xfp

S

55.19

12.67

22.68

.25

9.21

100.00

t

50.68

20.17

8.41

3.87

16.87

100.00

u

55.60

9.54

25.75

1.82

7.29

100.00

V

52.67

15.53

15.76

3.41

12.64

100.00

47083° WSP 364 14
34 WATER ANALYSES.

OREGON AND WASHINGTON.

A. Abert Lake, Oregon. 1 Specific gravity, 1.03117, at 19.8°. Water taken 1 

foot below surface. Analysis by T. M. Chatard in 1887.

B. Harney Lake, Oregon. Analyses by George Steiger, 1902.

C. Soap Lake, Washington. Analysis by Steiger, 1892.

D. Omak Lake, Colville Indian Reservation, Washington. Specific gravity, 1.004 

at 25°. Analysis by Steiger in 1914. .

Analyses A, B, and C are stated in grams per liter; D is given in grams per kilogram. 

Columns a, b, c, and d give the percentage composition of the saline matter.

(S04..... ............

cog. ...............

HC03........ .......

Cl. .................

K.. ............... .

Na. ................

Ca..... .............

Mg- ...... -

BiOr. ..............

|Si02..... ...........

A

0.706

6.006

3.538

13. 462

.538

14.690

Undet.

Undet.

.232

39. 172

a

1.80

15.33

9 no

34.37

1.37

37.51

CQ

100.00.

B

0.7733

1.0367

1 Q7ft°.

2

771*)

.1928

q a/lift

fUlfift

.0928

.0287

10.4772

b

7 ^IS

9 on

18.81

26.45

1 84

34.40

AC

RQ

.28

100.00

C

A QA94

6 4194

3.2586

10. 5041

.0108

.1130

28. 1945

c

15.47

22.77

11.55

12.50

37.27

04

.40

100.00

D

i IBS

1 979

.166

t)KA

1.831

.013

.103

5.704

d

20 79

04 fu\

3

(Yt

2 Q1

4 45

32.10

.23

1.80

100.00

ALASKA.

A. Water of Yukon River, taken just above Eagle. Stated in parts per million, 

a. Percentage composition of the dissolved salts. Analysis by George Steiger, in 

1904.

604.............................................................................

C0a .............................................................................

HCOs- ..........................................................................

Cl... ............................................................................

K.. .............................................................................

Na-. ............................................................................

Ca................................................................ ..............

Mg ........... ... ....... . ...

(Al, Fe)»0«..... ................................................................

Si02 ... .........................................................................

A

10.5

24.6

41.7

.4

Trsco

6.0

21.7

4.6

1.8

7.6

118.9

a

8.84

20.70

35.07

00

nPrftPa

5.05

18.25

3.86

1.51

6.39

100.00

GULF OF MEXICO.

A. Sea water, taken 2 miles off Loggerhead Key, near the Tortugas. Specific 

gravity, 1.02434, at 25° C. Stated in grams per kilogram. Analysis by George 

Steiger in 1910.

a. Percentage composition of the dissolved salts.

go4 ......... .................................................................... C(h....:... .....................................................................

Cl........................................ .......................................

Br... ...........................................................................

K-- .............................................................................

Na..............................................................................

Ca..............................................................................

Mg...... ...................... ..................................................

A

2. 7422

.1257

20.0762

.0644

.4000

11. 1957

.4420

1.3054

36.3516

a

7.54

.34

55.24

.17

1.10

30.80

1.22

3.59

100.00

Partial analysis of a very small sample.
WATER ANALYSES. 35

ANALYSES OF MINE WATERS.

TENNESSEE.

Waters from Ducktown, collected by W. H. Emmons and analyzed by R. C. Wells 

in 1910. Three of these waters are noteworthy because of their content of ferrous iron,

A. No. 20 mine, near surface.

B. Same, at 55 feet depth.

C. Galloway shaft, near surface.

D. Same, at 37 feet depth.

E. Burra Burra mine.

F. East Tennessee mine.

All analyses stated in parts per million. In Table II, under a, b, c, etc., the percentage composition of the dissolved matter is given. Free sulphuric acid is stated 

as such.

I. Parts per million.

H2S04 .. ......................

S04 .... .......................

a.. ........................... K.................... .........

Na... ........... ..............

Ca. ...... .....................

Mg...... ......................

Mn".. ...... ..................

Fe". ..........................

Fe'". .........................

Al.. ..........................

Zn.... ........................

Cu. ...........................

SiOs ......... .................

A

108.2

444.0

.7

3.2

3.1

18.1

12.2

.3

Trace?

29.9

40.1

6.1

12.8

20.6

699.3

B

115.1

416.4

.6

2.8

3.0

18.4

11.5

.9

Trace?

31.3

46.5

4.2

12.0

19.1

681.8

C

210.2

415.8

.7

2.7

5.2

19.7

5.2

.2

71.4

20.3

14.5

2.4

28.1

37.0

833.4

D

97.5

476.8

.4

2.2

5.5

30.4

6.2

.1

89.2

55.9

19.1

2.9

11.0

49.9

847.1

E

129.6

6,664.0

.1

19.8

23.4

67.6

40.6

.2

2,178.0

199.8

312.1

55.6

10,123.8

F

406.5

2,068.0

2.2

7.8

5.9

238.0

63.3

.3

1.3

186.3

165.0

54.3

40.8

78.9

3,318.6

. Percentage composition.

H8S04 - .....................

804...........................

Cl...... .......................

K..... ........................

Na

Ca. ...........................

Mg... .........................

Mn". .........................

Fe".... .......................

Fe'". ...................... 

AL.... ........................

Zn. ...........................

Cu. ..........................

SiOa ..........................

a

15.47

63.49

.10

.46

.44

2.59

1.74

.05

Trace?

4.27

5.75

.87

1.83

2.94

100.00

b

16.89

61.08

.09

.41

.44

2.70

1.69

.13

Trace?

4.59

6.82

.60

1.76

2.80

100.00

c

25.23

49.90

.08

.32

.62

2.37

.62

.02

8.57

2.43

1.74

.29

3.37

4.44

100.00

d

11.51

56.28

.05

.26

.65

3.59

.73

.01

10.55

6.60

2.25

.34

1.29

5.89

100.00

e

1.28

65.82

.01

.20

.23

.66

.40

.02

21.51

4.27

1.97

3.08

.55

100.00

f

12. 25

62.32

.08

.23

.18

7.17

1.90

.01

.04

5.62

4.97

1.63

1.22

2.39

100.00

MICHIGAN.

A. Water from the lower level of the Quincy mine, Hancock. Specific gravity 

1.188. Analysis by George Steiger in 1905. Stated in grams per kilogram. A 

remarkable calcium chloride water.

a. Percentage composition of the dissolved solids.
WATER ANALYSES.

80*.............. ........................................... ....................

 COg............................................................... ..............

 Cl.....................:........... ..............................................

Na... ...........................................................................

<Ca..............................................................................

Mg................................................................ ..............

 u..............................................................................

&iOt... .........................................................................

A

n ftion

.0140

134.9000

11.9500

65.3600

.0230

.0011

.0200

212. 2711

a

0.01

.01

63.55

5.63

30.78

 .01

Ti*!J/»a

.01

100.00

MISSOURI AND OKLAHOMA.

A. Water from southwest shaft, B. & C. mine, west of Joplin, Mo. Sample from 187 

ieet depth. Analysis by H. N. Stokes in 1902.

B. Water from pump shaft, Missouri Zinc Fields/ near Webb City.

C. Water from Alabama Coon mine, Missouri Zinc Fields.

Analyses B and C by Stokes, 1903. »

D. Water from L. E. Church mine, Miami, Okla. Analysis by R. C. Wells, 1911. 

^Traces of thiosulphates present.

All analyses stated in parts per million. Under a, b, c, and d, in Table II, the percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given.

I. Farts per million.

-

8Qt............... ..>......... .........................

ECOi....... ...........................................

Cl........... ...........................................

K.. ....................................................

Li......................................................

da.....................................................

Mg........... .......................................... K r.. ...................................................

Al

Mn.. ...................................................

Cu.......... ...........................................

Zn... .................................................. c^.............. .......................................

SiOt.. .................................................

SSS...... ..............................................

A

140.8

277.0

3.1

1.4

9.2

Trace.

127.1

8.7

1.3

14.9

583.5

B

2,671.5

6.6

4.5

47.1

Trace.

595.8

56.7

269.1

8.4

3.2

445.0

1.0

35.6

4,144.5

C

6,153.2

2.7

.5

49.9

345.3

25.2

474.6

142. 1

1.7

3.7

2.412.0

9.0

107.6

9,727.5

D

TranA

163.5

m o

TraPA

95 8

<wi 9

7 9

\

,

11.7

5.8

432.2

. Percentage composition.

80*........ ............................................

HC03 ........................... ....................... ci......... .............................................

K.......... ............................................

NA............. ........................................

Li.....................................................

 a.....................................................

Mg.... .................................................

re.....................................................

Al...... ...............................................

Mn.....................................................

 u.... .................................................

Zn.....................................................

C&......... ............................................

SiOs.................................................... ja2s............. .......................................

a

24.13

47.48

.53

.24

1.58

Trace.

21.78

1.49

Trace.

.22

2.55

100.00

b

64.46

.16

.11

l.lfr

Trace.

14.38

1.37

6.49

.20

.08

Trace.

10.74

.02

.86

100.00

c

63.26

.03

.-51

3.55

.26

4.88

1.46

.02

.04

2479

.09

1.11

100.00

d

37.83

27.26

22.17

6.99

1.65

I 04

/ '°*

2 71

1.35

100.00

i A definite tract of 400 acres.
MINE WATEB& 37

MONTANA,

Seven waters from Butte, analyzed by W. F. Hillebrand in 1887 and 1902.

A. Glengarry mine. Sample taken at 220 feet depth.

B. Anaconda mine. At 800 feet depth.

C. Gagnon mine. At 1,125 feet depth.

D. Nettie mine. At 300 feet depth.

E. St. Laurence mine. At 1,200 feet depth.

F. Mountain View mine. Specific gravity, 1.1317 at 15° C. At second level.

G. Green Mountain mine. Specific gravity, 1.00105 at 15° C. At 2,200 feet depth. 

Water from country rock.

All analyses stated in parts per million. In Table II the percentage composition 

of the dissolved solids is given. In that table quantities less than 0.01 per cent are 

regarded as traces.

I. Farts per million.

S04....... ......................

C03 .... .........................

HCO»... ........................

Cl. .............................

P04 . ...........................

K.... ...........................

Na.... ..........................

Li..............................

Ca... ...........................

Mg...... ........................

AT...... ........................

Fe

Mn. ............................

Ni.... ....... ...................

Co..............................

Cu..... .........................

Zn..... .........................

Cd.. ............................

Pb..... .........................

Sn.. ............................

SiOss...... ......................

Free CDs.. ......................

A

544.7

118.5

Trace.

30.5

176.9

92.7

17.9

i.i

Trace.

.4

1.8

27.2

1.012.0

167.2

B

90.6

11.8

Trace.

3.5

11.1

49.0

10.3

.9

2.5

Trace.

1.9

36.1

217.7 

59.9

C

593.4

8.8

92.7

842.8

Trace.

11.4

82.8

512.1

102.6

.4

1.4

Trace.

29.5

2,277.9

D

67.2

15.0

Trace.

5.0

30.1

39.1

6.7

.4

.8

55.8

220.1 

102.0

E

2,672.0

13.0

Trace.

13.1

39.6

132.5

, 61.6

83.5

159.8

12.0

\ 

59.1

852.0

41.1

17.0

47.7

4,204.5 

23.7

F

71,053.3

17.7

1.5

6.8

41.7

Trace.

307.7

149.2

85.2

49.8

13.2

3.5

4.6

45,633.2

411.2

67.4

117,846.0 

o q

G

406.5

78.1

6.8

Trace.

7.1

16.2

Trice.

151.2

28.2

1.8

.5

.3

23 21

719.9

27.2

EC. Percentage composition.

SO4, .................. .......

COa-. ..........................

HCOj.. ........................

Cl.. ............................

po4 ..... .......................

K. .............................

Na. ............................

-Li... ...........................

Ca..............................

Mg. ............................

Af..... ........... ..............

Fe... ...........................

Mn.. ..........................I

Ni... ...........................

Co..............................

Cu..... .........................

Zn..... .........................

Cd ...........................

Tb. ............................

Sn..... .........................

SiOs....... .....................

a

53.82

11.71 

Trace. 

Trace? 

3.01 

17.48

9.16

1.77

.i4

Trace.

.04 

.18

Trace.

2.69

100.00

b

41.62

5.42 

Trace. 

Trace? 

1.61 

5.10

22.51 

4.72

.41 

1.15

Trace. 

.88

Trace.

16.58

100.00

c

26.05 

.39

4.07 

37.00 

Trace. 

None. 

.50 

3.63

22.49 

4.50

.02 

.06

Trace. 

None.

None.

1.29

100.00

d

30.53

6.82 

Trace. 

Trace? 

2.27 

13.68

17.76 

3.05

Noi 

Trac

18 

36

le. 

e?

None.

25.35

100.00

e

63.55

.31 

Trace.

.32 

.94

3.16

1.46 

1.98 

3.80 

.28

} .0,

1.40 

20.27 

.98

<iri

1.14

100.00

f

60.29

.01 

Trace. 

Trace. 

Trace. 

.04 

Trace. 

.26 

.13 

.09 

.04 

.01 

Trace. 

Trace. 

38.72 

.35

.06

100.00

g

56.47

10.85 

.94 

Trace. 

Trace. 

.99 

2.25 

Trace. 

21.00 

3.92 

None, 

.25 

.07

Trace, 

.04

3.22

100.00
WATER ANALYSES.

COLORADO AND UTAH.

A. Water from Geyser mine, Silver Cliff, Colorado. 450 feet down.

B. Same, 2,000 feet down. Analyses A and B by W. F. Hillebrand in 1895.

C. Water from Emma lower tunnel, Dunton, Colorado. 500 feet down. Analysis 

by H. N. Stokes, 1899.

D. Water from Bachellor mine, Creede, Colorado.

E. Water from Solomon mine, Creede. Analyses D and E by Chase Palmer, 1911.

F. Water from Gemini mine, Tintic, Utah. 1,650 feet down. Analysis by Palmer, 

1912.

All analyses stated in parts per million. The percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given under a, b, c, etc., in Table II.

I. Farts per million.

S04 .... .......................

COa.. .........................

HCOg.... .................. ...

Cl. ...........................

Br. ...........................

I..............................

F. ............................

NO8 . .........................

P04 .... .......................

B407-. ........................

K.. ...........................

Na... .........................

Li.............................

Ca.. ..........................

Sr..... ........................

Mg... ....... .................

Fe. ...........................

AUOa. ........................

Mil.... . ....

Cu............................

Zn... .........................

Pb............... .............

Si03 ............. .............

.A

43.2

59.7

103.1 -7.9

10.6

36.4

37.4

12.3

.7

.8

Q

.2

25.9

339.0

B

161. 70

3,077.32

186.40

Trace.

Trace.

Trace.

1.60

Trace.

Trace.

198.00

719.45

2.85

146.41

1.95

177.67

3.50

1.06

.57

.02

.34

1.35

24.42

4,704.61

C

74.76

1,370.20

1.61

Trace.

4.24

20.91

Trace.

365.50

2.96

54.44

2.19

None.

2.58

15.50

1,914.89

D

60.12

62.83

Trace.

2.41

28.51

17.36

1.30

} 2.10

.25

32.25

207.13

E

104.4

73.8

1.6

3.5

7.5

46.2

7.3

* £

3.2

23.2

271.9

F

iQA n

f O f\

265.2

121.4

75.6

115.9

21.5

Trace.

24.4

760.0

. Percentage composition.

S04 ............ ...............

COa...........................

HCOa . ........................

Cl.......... ...................

Br.. ..........................

I..............................

F. ............................

NOa....... ....................

P04..... ......................

B407 ..... .....................

K...... .......................

Na........... .................

Li.............................

Ca... .........................

Sr.. ...........................

Mg........ ....................

Fe. ...........................

A1S0S .. .......................

Mn.... ........................

Cu. ...........................

Zn..... .......................

Pb......... ...................

SiOg .........................

a

12.77

17.61

30.41

2.33

3.12

10.74

11.03

3.63

.20

.23

.23

.06

TTQ/^P

7.64

100.00

b

3.44

65.42

3.96

Trace.

.03

Trace.

Trace.

4.21

15.29

.06

3.11

.04

3.78

.07

.02

.01

Trace.

.01

.03

.52

100.00

c

3.90

71.56

.08

Trace.

.22

1.09

19.09

.15

2.84

.12

.14

Trace.

.81

100.00

d

29.03

30.34

Trace.

1.16

13.77

8.38

.62

\ 1.01

.12

None.

15.57

100.00

e

38.39

. 27.15

.59

1.28

2.76

17.00

2.68

\ 43 J .*J

1.18

None.

8.54

100.00

f

16.32

1.58

34.90

15.96

9.95

15.25

2.83

Trace.

None.

3.21

100.00
MINE WATEBS. 

NEVADA AND ARIZONA.

39

A. Hot water from a bore hole 2,316 feet deep in the Mizpah mine, Tonopah, 

Nevada. Analysis by R. C. Wella in 1910.

B. Water from the Brooks mine, Kimberly, Nevada. Analysis by Chase Palmer 

in 1910.

C. Water from the 1,000-foot level, Contention mine, Tombstone, Arizona. Analysis 

by R. C. Wells, 1911.

All analyses stated in parts per million. Under a, b, and c, in the same table, the 

percentage composition of the dissolved substances is given.

SO*. .........................

C03 . ........... ..............

HCOS ......... ...............

CL....... ....................

NO............. ..............

K....... .....................

Na...... ........ .............

Ca.. .........................

g---------

Fe...........................

FesOs........................

Zn. ...... ....................

SiOs..... .....................

Free CO^.. ............. ......

A

327.2

10.6

157.2

35.6

3.4

148.8

68.8

6.3

.7

.7

Trace.

64.8

824.1

a

39.70

1.29

19.08

4.32

.41

18.05

8.35

.77

.08

.08

7.87

100.00

B

256.0

156.0

8.5

11.0

35.0

126.0

28.0

647.5

b

39.53

24.09

1.31

1.70

5.41

19.46

4 17

4.33

100.00

C

30.3

217.4

12.3

3.7

18 9

58.8

8.2

45.0

394.6 

15.2

C

7.68

55.11

3.12

.94

4 7O

14.89

2.07

11.40

100.00

CALIFORNIA.

A. Water from the Hermann shaft, Sulphur Bank.

B. Water from the Parrott shaft, Sulphur Bank.

Analyses A and B by W. H. Melville, given by G. F. Becker in U. S. Geol. Survey Mon. 13, p. 259, 1888.

C. Water from Federal Loan mine, Nevada City.

D. Water from Black Prince mine, Nevada City.

Analyses C and D by W. F. Hillebrand in 1895.

All analyses stated in milligrams per liter. The percentage composition of the dissolved matter is given in Table II.

I. Milligrams per liter.

BO*....................................................

CO».. ..................................................

HCO».. ................................................

CL.....................................................

B40i...................................................

K..... .................................................

Na............................................. ........

NH4-... ...............................................

Ca.. ...................................................

Mg.......... ......... ....... . . .

Mn..

Fe.... .................................................

(Al, Fe)2 03... ..........................................

Pb.. ...................................................

As.....................................................

SiOi.. .................................................

HsS... .................................................

S... ....................................................

Free C O2 .........................................

A

16.45

782. 86

727. 59

691. 57

1,450.65

24.63

1, 706. 12

2.50

21.02

5.40

37.15

4.55

5.66

5, 475. 49

B

465. 84

445. 63

666.77

1,856.82

38.89

1,319.52

1.06

20.22

1.59

.48

41.85

.74

7 60

4,867.01

1 ^CMl ^Q

C

7.70

144. 16

3.16

1.00

13.40

33.60

5.70

.27

4.20

Trace.

32.70

1.10

246.99

D

7.80

149. 04

3.10

1.60

13.70

44.35

3.35

1.90

1.80

Trace?

41.40

268.04
40 WATER ANALYSES. 

. Percentage composition.

SO*....................................................

C03.. ....... ...........................................

SC03 .... ..............................................

Cl... ...................................................

B40/......... ..........................................

K......................................................

Na.... .................................................

NH4...................................................

Ca.... .................................................

Mg....... .................... .....

Mn ... .

f 6..... .................................. ..............

(AI, Fe)i03 ..........................................

Pb... ..................................................

As.....................................................

Bids..... ..............................................

HsS.... ................................................

S... ....................................................

a

0.30

14.30

13.29

12.63

26.49

.45

31.16

.05

.38

.10

.68

.08

.09

100.00

b

9.57

9.15

13.70

38.15

.80

27.11

.02

.42

.03

.01

.86

.02

.16

100.00

c

3.12

58.36

1.28

.41

5.43

13.60

2.31

.11

1.70

13.24

.44

100.00

d

9 Of

55.61

1.15

.60

5.11

16.55

L25

.71

 .67

Trace?

15.44

100.00

o