Polyoxorim Usage 2010

- 2014

Agricultural Usage

Polyoxorim (also know n as polyoxin D), is the active portion of the active ingredient polyoxin d Zin c salt compound (PC Code 23000) (EPA 2003)

.

The following figures and tables describes the agricultural usage of Polyoxorim between 2010 and 2014 , from Market

Research Data (MRD)

, which was collected and sold by a private market research firm. This firm collects d ata on pesticide us age for about 60 crops by annual surveys of agricultural users in the contin ental United States. Survey methodology provides statistically valid results, typically at the state level

.

Reported u sage of polyoxorim increased steeply between 2010 and 2012, both in terms of total area treated and total pounds applied. Since 2012, however, usage has been steadily declining (Figure 1). Although Polyoxorim was registered prior to 2010, no usage was reported by MRD in earlier years.

Figure 1 . Polyoxorim Total Acres Treated and Total Pounds A.I. Applied (2010

- 2014).

Source: Market R esearch Data (MRD). 2010

- 2014.

Approximately 70% of polyoxorim, both average pounds applied and acres treated annually, is applied to almonds . The remaining 30% of usage is split between pistachios and grapes. All four crops have similar average reported application

rates ( between 0.042 and 0.044 ) . All usage reported by MRD occurred in California (Table 1).

Table 1 . Polyoxorim Use on Crops: Average A.I. Rate (2010

- 2014).

Crop Average Pounds

A.I./year Average Total

Acres Treated /year * Average A.I. Rate

(lbs a.i./acre) Average Percent

Crop Treated State

Almonds 2,500 291,000 0.044 5 California

Pistachios 750 86,000 0.044 10 California Grapes, Wine 150 17,000 0.042 <2.5 California Grapes, Table 80 10,000 0.043 10 California

Total 3,480 404,000 0. 0 43 ** California

* Total Acres Treated sums all acres treated for a crop, including those acres that receive multiple treatments.

** Other Avg. AI Rate is the average of the average rates used on all crops.

Source: Market Research Data (MRD). 2010

- 2014. 0 10,000

0 200,000

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014 Pounds AI Total Area

Treated

Total Area Treated Pounds AIIn addition to private M arket R esearch D ata source cited above, polyoxin usage is reported in the United States Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA NASS). While the majority of NASS’ survey data on agricul tural crops was “w ithheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations ”, it did show reportable usage

on strawberries in 2014. While the average application rate reported for strawberries by NASS is similar to those reported for almonds, pistachios, and grapes by MRD, NASS reports that the average pounds applied to strawberries in 2014 was nearly equal to the amount reported on a ll four crops reported by MRD (Table 2)

.

Table 2 . Polyoxorim Use on Strawberries ( 2014).

Crop Average Pounds A.I./year Average A.I. Rate / Application (lbs a.i./acre) Average Number of

Applications per Year Percent Crop Treated

Strawberries 3,300 0.474 1.7 7

Source: USDA NASS

Usage on strawberries in 2014 was not reported in MRD . This difference in reported crops is likely due to differences in surveying methodology and coverage between the two databases.

The low reported percent crop treated on all sites in both databases suggests this chemical is not of great importance to the production of these crops.

Non

- Agricultural Usage

USDA NASS also provides limited data on polyoxorim usage on ornamentals. This reported data shows that average applicati on rates to ornamentals are slightly lower than those applied to agricultural crops. The low reported percent of operations treated on all sites suggests this chemical is not of great importance to the overall nursery and floriculture industry (Table 3). A s with the agricultural crops surveyed by NASS , the sample size for many of these site is so small for polyoxorim that data was withheld to prevent identifying individual operations.

Table 3 . Polyoxorim Use on Ornamentals ( 20 09 ).

Site Average A.I. Rate / Application (lbs a.i./acre) Percent of

Operations Treated

Bedding Plants, Annual 0.016 2
Bedding Plants, Herbaceous Perennial (D) 2

Cut Flowers 0.036 5
Deciduous Flowering Trees (D) 1

Deciduous Shrubs (D) 1
Evergreens, Broadleaf (D) 1

Propagative Material, Floriculture (D) 2
Flowering Plants, Potted 0.037 1

Floriculture Totals 0.031 2
Nursery Totals 0.039 (Z)
Nursery & Floriculture Totals 0.031 1

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations (Z) Less than half the rounding unit

Source: USDA NASSReferences

EPA . 2003. Consideration of Eligibility for Registration of the New Pesticide Active Ingredient Polyoxin D Zinc Salt

DECISION MEMORANDUM

. http://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/reg_actions/registration/related_PC

- 230000_1

- Jul

- 03.pdf