**GAO-11-700**                      Published: Jul 26, 2011. Publicly Released: Jul 26, 2011.                  

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## Highlights

Cyclone Nargis hit Burma's impoverished Irrawaddy Delta on May 2, 2008, leaving nearly 140,000 people dead or missing and severely affecting about 2.4 million others, according to the UN. The Burmese military government initially blocked most access to the affected region; however, amid international pressure, it slowly began allowing international aid workers entry into the region. Since 1997, the United States has imposed sanctions to prohibit, among other things, the exportation of financial services to Burma and transactions with Burmese officials. In response to a congressional mandate, GAO (1) described the assistance UN and U.S. agencies have provided in response to Cyclone Nargis, (2) assessed USAID actions to help ensure funds are used as intended and do not benefit sanctioned entities, and (3) described the challenges responders experienced and the lessons learned. GAO reviewed financial and program documents; interviewed U.S., UN, and nongovernmental organization (NGO) officials; and traveled to Thailand and Burma.

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## Recommendations for Executive Action

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## GAO Contacts

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## Topics

International Affairs

Allowable costsDisaster recoveryDisaster recovery plansDisaster relief aidEmergency responseFederal aid to foreign countriesForeign financial assistanceFunds managementGrant monitoringInternational organizationsInternational relationsInternational reliefInternational travelMilitary governmentMilitary regimesNatural disastersSanctionsDisaster grants funding

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Damage in Burma's Irrawaddy Delta from Cyclone Nargis, May 2008Tuesday, July 26, 2011Receive GAO Updates
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