I 

NOIITHE~ttJ FtmEST EXPERIMENT STAT1tJN 

OrftCt Lf·SR;,ftt 

FOREST RESOURCES 

OF THE 

RIVERBORDER REGION 

IN 

FOREST SURVEY RELEASE N2. S 

MISSOURI 

. , 

-e~~RTfHIL HfiTH 

f0R£ST fXP£Riffi£11T ST41TIOn 

_E_v_[ u_m_b._u-1- JJ, _19_7-L!_o_ 

Harold 1. Mit~hell, Director 

JULY 1948 

-
~S'Jl' RESOUifc;ms. 

OF' T.EIE · '· . - . ' 

;a~. REGIQ;N 

IN 

MISSOURI 

. . ·' ·.' 

'l~ Jl'OREST St1RVEY ORGANIZATION 

a.t the 

Central States Forest EAP6riment Station 

R.. K.. ti:tnters, Chief, Division of Forest Economics 

E., v. Roberts,. In Charge Forest StlXVey 

The field vrork on 't>TJ:dch these statistics are based vas done by the 

f'ol;Lcnrl:ng m.en m1.der the supervision of I'1• E. Becker.: 

A., E .. Bloc1~: 

J o L.. Bll.l"kle 

c.. Ro Crowther 

T. J. Scl:nnitt 

R., K. T:!:'a.in 

E. J?. Va.!.l Arsdel 

0.., K.. Hu:tchison~ K~ L. Quigley, and J • E. Wiggins did the photo interpreting 1rro~ck UL""lder the direction of K. E;. Moessner. ~ office cc®;p:i'.lations 'rel .. e :m.a;de by ~lS;rgaret J?eirsol and. !f.J.a.+Y Lou Sterner u.zider the 

:o;upe:t-:'ir:i.s5..on of 1:.a..ke Col'Jll)ton. G. Lo Scb...'1.ur :prepared the volume tables . , a.:o.d de't;er.ro.iJ:l~S>d the stat:i,stical accuracy of tabu;La.r figures. Virginia 

1\)ml{nson, AJ..be:r."t;a Hiatt~ .·and Bo:npie Jo Williams did the stenoe;rap1::;i.c 

lrork:, RU.d c.. E"' :B:arav:t and K. w •. Chriseme;r: tb.r,=;: fu:•af'ting .. 
FORmlORD · 

The Forest Survey is a Nation-wide activity of the Forest Service. The fivefold purpose of the Forest Survey is (l) to make 

a field inventory of the present supply of standing timber; (2) to 

ascertain the rate at which this supply is being increased through grm-rth; (3) to determine the rate at 1vhich it is being diminished 

through industrial and domestic uses, windfall, fire, disease, and 

other causes; (4) to determine the present consumption and the prob- able future trend in requirements for forest products; and (5) to interpret and correlate these findings wit;h existing and anticipateo. 

economic conditions, as an aid in the formulation of both private 

and public policies for use of land suitable for forest production. 

The Forest Survey is conducted in the various forest regions 

by the forest experiment stations of the Forest Service. In MissOLrri, the project is directed by the Central States Forest ]L~periment Station with headq;uarters in Columbus, Ohio. For Survey purposes, the State has been divided into five principal regions based 

on cl~acter of forest, topography, and other factors that influence 

tree groi·rth. 

This Survey Release presents the more significant statistics 

on forest area and timber volume in the Riverborder region of 

eastern Missouri. Similar relea ses have been issued for the other 

forest regions of the State. A suurr~r-~ release giving similar data 

for the entire State "Vlill be published shortly . Later an analytical 

report for the State will be published, which will interpret forest 

area , timber volume , growch, and drain statistics in the light of 

existing and anticipated economic conditions. This interpretation 

,,rill f ocus attention on the principal forest problems and will suggest possible solutions. 

- l -
CASS 

<l CLAIR 

YERNON 

SCALC· S TATUTE AlfL£5 

10 ZO JO 4-0 50 

j --- I A MISSOURI RIVER SUBREGION 

111 11 11 11 111111 111 B MISSISSIPPI BOTTOMLAND SUBREGION 

LO-CATION OF RIVERBORDER REGION IN MISSOURI 

-2-
• 

SIGNIFICANT FACTS CONCERNING THE FOREST RESOURCES 

OF THE Rrv.EBBOBDER REGION 

The Riverborder region includes the counties adjoining the 

lower Missouri River and the bottomland counties in the southeastern 

or nboot-heeln portion of the State. The northern counties cover 

the transi·_Gion zone from Ozark to Prairie conditions and the forests 

show characteristics of both regions. The southern counties include 

the alluvial bottomlands that are the beginning of the great Mississippi delta extending to the GUlf of Mexico. 

The total land area in the region is 8 million acres of which - 31 percent is forested. The Missouri River subregion is 36 percent 

forested and the Mississippi bottomland subregion is 21 percent. 

Practically all of the forest area is in private ownership. 

Saw-timber stands occupy 20 percent of the forest area, a 

higher percentage than in any other Missouri region. Pole-timber 

stands occur on 45 percent of the area, seedling and sapling stands 

on 23 percent,and 12 percent is poorly stocked. 

The total volume of saw timber in the region is 2. 8 billion 

board feet. White oak is the most common species, accounting for 30 

percent of the saw·-timber volume. Other oaks make up an additional 

27 percent. Cypress, hickory, elm, and cottomrood comprise ·most of 

the remaining volUme •. 

The total volume of sound material in pole trees and the sawlog portion of saw-timber trees is 960 million cubic feet. Approximately one-half of this volume is in trees less than 11 inches in 

diameter at breast height. 

The average saw-timber volume per forest acre is 1,149 board 

feet. The average cubic volume, including pole trees and the sawlog portion of saw-timber trees, is 390 cubic feet per acre. These 

average volumes are larger than the averages for any of the other 

Missouri regions. 

- 3 -
i 
Table 1. --Forest and nonf'orest area. by county, 

Riverborder region, 1947 

A. ~{[SSOURI RIVER SUBREGION 

Total . . County ·land area 1) . . Forest area Nonforest area 

Thousand Thousand Percent Thousand Percent 

acres acres acres 

Boone 437 91 21 346 79 

Calloway 534 172 32 362 68 

Cole 24'7 79 " 32 168 68 

Franklin 597 26.1 44 336 56 

Gasconade 333 183 55 150 45 

Howard 300 42 14 258 86 

Jefferson 427 230 54 197 46 

Nloniteau 268 55 20 213 80 

Montgomery 341 99 29 242 71 

Osage 384 212 55 172 45 

St. Charles 359 89 25 270 75 

St. Louis gj 357 62 17 295 83 

Ste. Genevieve 320 183 57 137 43 

I•Tarren 274 131 48 143 52 

Total 5,178 1,889 ' 36 3,289 64 

B. MISSISSIPPI BOTTOMLAND SUBREGION 

Cape Girardeau 369 89 24 280 76 

Dunklin 347 59 17 288 83 

Mississippi 263 59 23 204 77 

:rfew Madrid 435 74 17 361 83 

Pemiscot 312 30 10 282 90 

Perry 305 111 36 194 64 

Scott 267 30 11 237 89 

Stoddard 536 129 24 407 76 

Total . 2,834 581 21 2,253 79 

Total Riverborder region 8,012 2,470 31 5,542 69 

1.1 Source: Area of the United States 1940, u. s. Bureau of the Census. 

e gj Includes St. Louis City. 

- 5 -

• 
Table 2.--Commercial forest area by ownership class, 

Riverborder region, 1947 

Ownership class Commercial forest area 1/ 

Federal: 

National forest 

Other 

Total 

State 

Private 

All mmerships 

' Thousand 

acres 

10 

11 

21 

3 

2,437 

2,461 

Percent 

.4 

·5 

.Q 

.1 

99.0 

100.0 

1/ Does not include 9,000 acres of for~st land classified as nonconnuercial. 

- 6 -

.. 
Table 3.--Commercial forest area b~ forest t~e 

and stand-size cla.ssz Riverborder resionz 1241 

. Saw- Pole- =seedling Poorly . Forest timber timber :& sapling stocked . type Total area area . area . area . . H acres Percent M acres M acres M acres M aat'es 

.Cedar-hdwd. 131 5·3 4 69 32 26 

• Oak-pine 23 0.9 4 11 8 0 

Oak-hickOr'J 1,226 !~9.8 138 634 368 86 

White oa.~ 356 14.5 125 223 8 0 

Mixed hdwd. 148 6.0 32 29 48 39 

Pin oak flats 169 6.9 48 63 32 26 

Bottomland hd"i-Td. 361 11~. 7 142 69 64 86 

Scrub hdw·ct. 4'{ 1.9 0 11 16 20 

All types 2,461 493 1,109 - 576 283 

Percent 100.0 20.1 Lf5.0 23.l!. 11.5 

- 7 -
I 

and stand-size claGo, lU verbordo1· reg::) on; 15A'( 

Spccien Totc.J. 

~Ullion P<n·cent 

bel.. i't. 

Sl.tOrtlea:::' pine 21 • ·r ~ 1\oCLcet~ ax~ 2u ') 1.0 

Cypress 187 6J 

;-n1:Lto oak · 853 30.2 

Post oa ~ g-.coup 174 .. :~ rt u • .::: 

m.acl;: .oa.l::: 240 3. 5 

Eo::.··0he1·:;.1 red oak 124 !.~ .lf 

Scarlet OC3J:. 70 ,, co: ) c.._., 

Other l'ed 0(]~};:8 156 ) .5) }Iic~~Ol~ 7 157 r: (_' .) • \..l 

Elm 188 C.6 

Sy ca:tore 100 3-5 

Cottom-roocl. 1'1':5 6 .2 

Ash 62 2.2) 

S1:!.g;;J.r J!!a?le 18 t.:) • \.J 

Soft u.J.ple )~5 .l ... . t...J ') 

Bluck 1vo.lnut 32 1.1) ot11e:;.~ hdi·ro.s. 197 '(.0) 

All speciof.l 2,827 

Percent 100.0 

Saw- Poletimber timber 

o.rea area 

H:Lllion l<Iillion 

bd. :l•t. b·' ...... • •"•.! .. 

l. v • 

ll~ 29 

179 0 1~6 ·r 255 

64 81 

123 T'i' ..,. ~ 

1.- 2$" 

118 70 

107 31-tr~c 23 

67 3 

1::·9 '( 

~i 1 46 

60.j 23. 3 

- 8 -

SeecUi:n.;::; 

& saplins: 

area 

Hill ion 

bel. :tt. 

0 

39 

12 

33 

11 

33 

2 

11 

, .... 

c:. 

4 

30 

239 

n -· o .) 

. 

Po~.."':c l:r 

stccke;(L 

Cl..l"Ca 

Eillion 

liC .. i't • 

2 

(1 

( j 

42 

17 

''( 

r , 

:; 

!:::. 

/ 

lh 

.'r \.,.) ;,:::; 

23 

:5 

19 

217 

<) 
Table 5. --Saw·-timber volume on co:mm.ercial f orest area by species 

and tree-diaraeter classz Riverborder re~ionz 1241 

Tree-diameter class 

10 ];./ 12-14- . . '16-18 20 inches 

Species Total · inches inches : inches and larger 

Hillion Hillion Million Million Million 

bd. ft. bd. .,r.l.l. 

.l. v. bd. ft. bd. :rt. bd • ft. 

P:tne and cedar 49 15 27 7 0 

Cypress 187 6 28 54 99 

H1lite oak 853 428 216 209 

Post oak group 174 90 50 34 

Black oak 240 100 67 73 

• Northern red oak 124 53 38 33 

Other red oaks 226 93 62 71 

Hickory 157 72 51 34 

Elm 188 99 44 45 

Sycamore 100 23 14 63 

Cottonwood 175 70 59 46 

Other hardwoods 354 185 106 63 

All species 2,827 21 1,268 768 770 

Percent 100.0 ·7 44.9 2'( .2 27.2 

1.1 Ten-inch di~neter class shown separately because in this class, saw·-

timber volume includes soft\·rood trees but not hardi-teods. 

. - 9 
.. 

Table 6.--Cubic-foot volume on commercial forest area bz s12ecies and I 

stand-size class 1 Riverborder region, 1947 

Saw- Pole- Seedling :Poorly 

:timber :· . timber & ·sapling :stocked Species . Total . area area area . area 

Million Percent Million Million Million Million 

cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu • ft. 

Shortleaf pine 5.2 • 5) Redcedar 26.·9 2.8) 4.0 24.2 2.2 1.7 

Cypress 40.2 4.2 38.4 0 .2 1.6 1-.'Thite oak 286.0 29.8 109.2 148.1 21.0 7-'7 Post oak group 88.4 9.2 18.6 57-7 7.0 5-1 Black oak 80.3 8.3 25.3 46.6 7.1 1.3 Northern red oak 36.6 3.8 15.0 18.1 2.0 1.5 Scarlet oak 24.6 2.6) Other red oaks 45.4 4.7) 23.9 36.4 5.8 3-9 

Hickory 68.4 J.l 26.8 35.4 2.8 3.4 Elm 60.2 6.3 23.6 16.7 6.8 13.1 Sycamore 19.9 2.1 11.7 2 .. 6 .2 5.4 Cottom10od 43.5 4.5 37.3 4.8 .6 .8 Ash 16.!~ 1. 7) Sugar maple 12.4 1.3) Soft maple 20.8 2.2) 72.4 41.7 11.9 8.4 Black -vralnut 16.0 1. 7) Other hardwoods 68.8 7.2) 

All species 960.0 406.2 432.3 67.6 53-9 

Percent 100.0 42.4 45.0 J.O 5.6 

- 10 -
Table 7.--Cubic-foot volui~e on conmercial forest area 

by stand-size class and tree-diruneter class, Riverborder region1 1947 _ 

Stand-size 

class 

Tree-diwneter class 

6-8 10 ;12-li.~ :16-18 :20 inches 

Total inches: inches :inches :inches :and larger 

Hillion lilillion Nillion l>lillion Million Million 

cu. ft. cu. .=t.lJ. v. C1.1 •• ,-:a..L.. 

- vo cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. 

Savr-timber area 406.2 59.4 6l~.·r 106.7 79.1 96.3 

Pole-timber area 432.3 201.2 121.0 76.0 21.4 12.7 

Seedling and 

sapling area G7 . G 1'7 .0 10.8 .18 .0 15.9 5·9 

Poorly stocked area 53 -9 .1.~ 8.9 16.3 10.1 9.2 

Total 960.0 287.0 205.4 217.0 126.5 124.1 

Percent 100.0 29.9 21.4 22.6 13.2 12.9 

- ll -

, 0 
.. . 

Table 8.--Average volume per acre by stand-size class, Biverborder 

region, 1947 

Stand-size claps Average volmne per acre 

Sm·r-·ti1:1ber area 

Pole-timber area 

Seeclling & sapling area 

Poorly :Jtocl-;:ed area 

All classes 

Board feet 

- 12 -

3, 1~73 

594 

415 

767 

Cubic feet 

824 

390 

117 

191 

390 

•. 
Table 9.--Total cubic-foot vol~une of sottnd wood on commercial 

forest area b~ sEecies and class of materialz Rive~~order region, 1947 .. I 

Saw-timber trees Pole-

:Sawlog :Tops & . . timber Cull 

Species Total Total ;portion:limbs 1/: trees trees gj . . . Million Million Million Million Million Million 

cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft. cu. ft* cu. ft. cu. ft. ----

Pine a.nd cedar 32.i 15.8 13.4 2.4 16.3 0 

Cy>,?::res s l.f2. 7 ·39.0 27.7 11.3 1.2 2.5 

White oak 453.iJ. 234.3 135-3 99.0 150-7 68.4 

Post oak group 182.0 58.0 33.0 25.0 55.4 68.6 

Black oak . 151.3 67.9 38.7 29.2 41.6 41.8 

Northern red oalr 69.7 33.8 19.5 14.3 17.1 18.8 

Other red oaks 127.1 63.2 36.0 27.2 34.0 29.9 

.Hickory 105.7 44~8 25 •. 5 19.3 42.9 18.0 

Elm 129.9 53.0 30.2 22.8 30.0 46.9 

Sycamore 43.6 27-7 16.0 11.7 3.9 12.0 

Cottonwood 6].4 h9.5 28.6 20.9 14.9 . 3.0 

Other hardwoods 262.1. 99.6 57.0 42.6 77-4 8).1 

Nonco:rrnnercial 

species?:_/ 15 .. 5 15.5 

All species 1,,682.5 786.6 460.9 325-7 485.4 41.0.5 

Percent 100.0 46.8 27.4 19'.4 28.8 24.4 

y Not included in the .c1ibic-foot volumes sho"t-.r:n in Tables 6 & 7 · excepting the 2 .1~ and 11. 3 million cubic feet included in tops 

of pine; cedar, and cypress • 

. gj Not included in the cubic-foot -volumes shown in Tables 6 & 7. 

~ 13 

. ' 

EXPLANATION 0]' TERMS USED 

Forest land - Land bearing forest growth or land from \-Thich the forest 

has been removed but i·Thich shows evidence of' past forest occupancy 

and vrhich is not nmv in other use. To qualify as forest, an 

area must: (1) be at least 100 feet wide; (2) be at least· one 

acre in area; (3) he.v-e a sufficient number of' trees to provide 

10 percent croiin coverage, or (4) lacking 10 percent crown coverage, be likely to remain in forest use. 

Corrrrnercial forest lend - Forest land bearing or capable of' 

bearing timber of commercial character and economically available now or prospectively for corrrraercial use and not withdrawn 

from such use • 

Nonco~nercial forest land Forest land not qualifying as commercial forest land. Two classes of forest area are included: 

(1) commercially valuable forest land vnthdrawn from timber 

use for such pur-poses as parks, game refuges, mili ta!"J reservations, or reservoir protection; and (2) forest land which 

because of poor grm·ring conditions will not produce trees of 

coramercial quality. 

Forest types 

Cedar-hardwoods M Stands in which redcedar comprises at least 

20 percent of' the dominarrc and codominant trees. 

Oak-pine - Stands of pine, oaks, and other hardwoods in which 

pines comprise 20-60 percent of the dominant and codominant 

trees. 

Oak-hickory - Stands of hardwoods in which oaks and hickories 

comprise at least 60 percent of the dominant and codominant 

trees. 

vfuite oak - Stands in which ivhite oak (Quercus alba) comprises 

at least 60 percent of the dorninant and codominant trees. 

YJixed harct-vmods - Stands of mixed hardwood species not qualifying for other hardwood types. Principal species include elm, 

maple, bass-vrood, and black walnut in mixture with oaks and 

hickories. 

Pin-ocl{ flats - Stands of pin oak and other hardwoods occurring 

on poorly drained flats. Associate species include soft maple, 

elm, hicko!7, and sweet gum. 

Bottomland hardwoods - Stands on the alluvial bottoms of' rivers 

and streams. ~ie principal species include sycamore, willow, 

elm, blackgum, sweet gum, soft maple, oaks, hickor-.r, cottonwood, 

and cypress. · 

Scrub hard-vrooc1s - Stands in which scrub oak or other noncommercial tree species comprise 60 percent of the dominant and codorninant trees. 

- 15 -
Sound saw-timber tree - A coniferous tree at least 9.0 inches 

d.b.h. -"(diameter outside bark at 4.5 feet above ground), or 

a hardwood tree at least 11.0 inches d.b.h., with a sound 

butt log at least 8 feet lone;, or with at least half of the 

gross volume of the tree in sound material. 

Sound pole-timber tree - A tree at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. 

but less than saw·-timber size, which now is or gives promise of 

becoming a so~d merchantable tree. 

Cull tree - A tree that does not qualify as a sound pole-timber 

or saw-timber tree because of poor form, limbiness, rot, or 

other defect. 

Volume estimates 

Board-foot volume - Includes the volume of that porGion of sawtimber trees merchantable for sawlogs. Volullle deductions have 

been made for rot, crook, and other defects. Board-foot volumes 

are shown in the International 1/4-inch log rule, which approxi- m.a:tes gre.en lumber tally. 

Cubic-foot volume - E~~cept where specifically noted, includes 

the voltuile of sound vrood insic1e bark in: ( l) the savt-timber 

portion of sound trees, (2) the upper stems of saw-timber-size 

conifers to a minimum diamffber of 4 inches inside bark, and 

(3) the sotmd pole-timber trees to the same minimum top diametel'. 

Stand-size class 

Saw timber - Stands having a minimum net volume of 1500 board 

feet per acre. 

Pole timber - Stands having a net volume of less than 1500 board 

feet per acre but which are at least 10 percent stocked with 

pole-size and larger trees. At least one-half the minimuJU 

stocking must be in pole-size trees. 

Seedlills'V:: and saplings - Stands not qualifying either for saw 

timber or pole timber but having at least 300 seedlings and 

saplings of comraercial' species per acre. · 

Poorly stocked - Commercial forest land not qualifying for any 

other class, including denuded areas. 

- 16 -

' r 
• 

Species listed 

Shortleaf pine - Pinus echinata. Includes a small volume 

of other ;pines occurriP~ in plantations. 

Redcedar - Eastern redcedar - Juni~~rus virginia~ 

Cypress - Ta.xodi'Lu-n. distichum 

White oak - Quercus alba 

Post oak group includes: 

Postoak - Quercus stellata 

Swamp w~te oak - Quercus bicolor 

Swamp chestnut oak - Quercus prinus 

OVercu;p oak - Quercus lyrata 

Bur oak - Quercus macrocarpa 

ChiRquapin oak - Quercus muehlenbergii 

Black oak - Quercus velutina 

Northern red oak - Quercus borealis 

Scarlet oak - Quercus coccinea 

Other red oaks include: 

Southern red oak - Quercus falcata 

Pin oak - Quercus ;palustris 

Willow oak - Quercus phellos 

Water oak - Quercus nigra 

Shingle oak - Quercus imbricaria 

Hickory - includes all species of hickory (Ca~ra) 

Elm - includes all species of elm (Ulmus) 

Sycamore - Platanus occidentalis 

Cottonwood - Populus deltoides 

Ash - includes all species of ash (Fraxinus) 

Sugar maple - Acer saccharophorum 

Soft maple includes: 

Red maple - Acer rubrtim 

Silver 1naple - Acer saccharinura 

Boxelder - Acer negundo 

Black walnut - Juglans nigra 

Other hardwoods - includes all other commercial hardwood species. 

Noncommercial species - includes species 't·Thich do not normally 

. have commercial value such as blackjack oak, sassafras, blue 

beech, ironwood, alder, redbud, and service berry. 

- 17 -
FOREST SURVEY PROCEDURE 

The inventory of' the forest resom~ces of' the- Riverborder region 

was made in -July, August, and September 1947. A sampling procedure 

w·as used involving an office study of aerial photographs and a field 

examination of randomly selected forest and nonforest plots. 

The proportion of forest land by counties vras obtained by 

placing over each photograph on alternate flight lines a transparent 

template "ivith 12 uniformly spaced dots and counting the number of dots 

falling on forest and on nonforest areas. The percentage of' forest dots 

in a county applied to the total land area gave a preliminary estimate 

of the forest acreage. 

The location of every thirQ dot falling on forest land was 

ma.l~ked on the photograph. The acre surrounding each marked dot "ivas 

examined under stereoscope and classified by stand-size class on the 

basis of the height, crown \Vidth, and density of trees on the plot. 

Plots for field examinat~on were selected from those photo 

classified as follows: 

Saw timber - - - - - - - - - Pole timber- - -- - Seedling & sapling - - - - -

Poorly stocked - - - - -

1 in 5 

1 in 10 

- 1 in 20 

- 1 in 10 

In addition, every 50th -nonforest plot was selected for fi~ld examination to measure the movement of nonforest land to forest. 

The locations of the selected plots were marked on the photographs which were then sent to the field. Crews of two men each located these points on the ground and at each established a 1/5-acre 

plot on which they recorded the species, size, condition, and growth 

rate of trees, and the forest type and site quality of plots. A field 

check of the photo interpreter's stand-size-class determination was 

also 1nade. The field examination also provided a basis for adjusting 

the preliminary estimate of forest and nonforest area. 

Approximately 42,880 dots were counted on the photos for forest 

area determination. Stereoscopic examinations were made on 4,056 forest 

plots to determine stand-size class, and 560 plots were examined on the 

ground. These photo and field examinations provided the basic data for 

computation of forest area and timber volu~e statistics for the region. 

- 18 -
•• 

' 

ACCUT.ACY OF DATA 

l~orest area - Statistical analysis of the forest area data for 

the Riv~~der reGion shows a sampli~16 error of + 2.5 percent of the 

·cota.l :l:'orcr:Jt area or ± 61,'/50 acres, at a level of one standard deviat:Lou. The e1•ror of eotj.iuate increases vri th each subdivision of the 

total i'orest area so that small tabular acreages may have large errors 

anc1 therei~ore indicate only relative magnitudes. 

Timber vol1.1.me - The sampling error of the total board-foot vol1.J.:r'.le in "che :region is + 6. 4 -percen·c or + 181 million board feet. This 

does 110"1:. include the errors- Of VO;J.tU-:le tables 1 cull factors, Ol~ other 

p~1asoa oi' the 1mrentory work f'or which satisfactory methods of :meas1u·i11...[; acc·.;.racy have not been developed. All phases of fielc1 vol·k 

ane. cor;\:_:mtations ~·rere closely sup0rvised to keep these errors at a 

1m..n:uaua. AGain the el~ror of estirJW.te increases -vrith each subdivision 

of the total voltune so ·t.hat small voll.uues indicate only relative magnitudes. 

- 19 -
I 

. 

I 

.... 0 . W A 

INDIANA 

ILLINOIS 

MISSOURI 

T [ ,.,; ,., 

AAj~i~ ' 

TERRITORY SERVED 

BY THE 

I 0 0 1"1 

CENTRAL STATES FOREST EXPERIMENT STATION 

FOREST SERVICE 

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

' c