January 1992 - January 1993

Rear Admiral Jay W. Sprague

As the last director of Program C, Rear Admiral Sprague
contributed significantly to major space programs and SIGINT
stems of the highest interest to national security

Program C



Program C embraced the U.S. Navy satellite
reconnaissance element in the National Reconnaissance
Program and consisted of the Technical Operation Group
(made up of rep: atives from the Naval Research
Laboratory, the Naval Security Group, and the National

Security Agency) located on the East Coast. The DNRO

established Program C on 23 July 1962. Disestablished on

31 December 1992, the USN program was superceded by

functional NRO directorates.




Brigadier General Robert E. Greer

(Retired as Major General)

Major Gene xperience with the Air Force
SAMOS satellite program provided the newly formed NRO
with the expertise needed to su y
reconnaissance platforms.

365 - July 1969

Brigadier General John L. Martin, Jr.
(Retired as Major General)

‘Major General Martin int xd important changes to system
testing and vehicle assembly. He implemented a more rapid
factory-to-pad system of processing the satellite payload and
launch vehicl



Program D embraced the acquisition and support of
aerial r naissance assets in the National
Reconnaissance Program that were assigned to the
Director, CIA Reconnaissance Programs. The DNRO.
established this element, known briefly as “aircraft
projects,” on 23 July 1962. Program D was disestablished
on 1 October 1974 when NRP aerial reconnaissance assets

transferred from the CIA to the U.S. Air Force.

PROGRAM L


November 1967 - June 19 July 1972 - October 1974

Colonel Frank W. Hartley, Jr. Colonel Bernard L. Bailey

Colonel Hartley's dynamic leadership, technical expertise and Colonel Bailey successfully managed the U-2 and SR-71_ |
initiative resulted in th major projects vital | programs. He directed the acquisition of critical overhead |
to national security. | ystems and was influential in several reconnaissance |

ae |



July 1977 - August 1981 August 1981 - September 1982

Rear Admiral Grover M. Yowell Captain Lee Roy Patterson

An expert in engineering electronics, Rear Admiral Yowell led Captain Patterson was instrumental in the development,
major projects for future navigation systems and sect | quisition and ation of several joint service
eration SIGINT s surveillan



Dr. Herbert Scoville, Jr.

Dr. Scoville influenced the decisions that became the
foundation of the NRO structure. He is credited as one of the
original developers of verification methods essential for arms
control treaties.

Colonel Jack C. Ledford
(Retired as Brigadier General)

Chosen for his experience in solving complex research and
development problems, Brigadier General Ledford effecti
managed a dispersed and diversified Program B.



Brigadier General David D, Bradburn

(Retired as Major General)

Major General Bradburn worked diligently to improve the
relationship between the NRO and NSA, resulting in
significant improvements to overhead signals collection,

Brigadier General John E. Kulpa, Jr.
(Retired as Major General)

g the tenure of Major General Kulpa, technological
akthroughs enabled NRO satellites to increase mission

parameters. Major General Kulpa conducted stu

reusability and launch environments.



August 1969 - March 1971

Brigadier General William G. King

igadier General King’s attention to detail and quality control
in vehicle assembly played a pivotal role in the continui
success of imaging platforms.

April 1971 - January 1973

Brigadier General Lew
(Retired as General)
As program director during the first Cold War treaty between

the United States and the Soviet Union, General Allen
assets that assured treaty compliance.



Rear Admiral Dennis M. Brook:

Rear Admiral Brooks’ aeronautical expertise was invaluable | Rea lopment, deployment
in the direction and management of surveillance and a . His
environmental sensing systems ofthe highest national security



Program B embraced the Central Intelligence Agency

satellite reconnaissance element in the National
Reconnaissance Program and consisted of the Office of
Development and Engineering in the CIA Di rate
of Science and Technology located on the East Coast.
DNRO established Program B on 23 July 196
tablished on 31 December 1992, the CIA program

was superceded by functional NRO directorates.






June 1976 - July 1982

Mt. Leslie C. Dirks

Mr. Dirks’ inspiration and technical expertise created a new
class of overhead imagery systems revolutionizing intelligence
collection. Mr. Dirks also served as the first director of the
Office of Development and Engineering,

Program B

1982 - August 1989

Mt. R. Evans Hineman

s one of the Agency's most distinguished enginee
, and weapons technologists, Mr. Hineman

introduced a system that combi

ed collection and processing



Mr. Huntington D. Sheldon

Mr. Sheldon focused much of his rts on management
restructuring and the need for financial stability. He was
instrumental in the mending of relations between the
Department of Defense and Central Intelligence Agen

January 1967 - May 1976

Mr. Carl E. Duckett

As the founding father of the Foreign Missile and Space
Analysis Center, Mr. Duckett played an important role in
educating the Intelligence Community about the possible
threats posed by ballistic miss

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January 1983 - February 1987 February 1987 - January 1993

Brigadier General Ralph H, Jacobson Brigadier General Nathan J. Lindsay

(Retired as Major General) (Retired as Major General)

yy continued the tradition of mission success:
astronautical engineering and ballistic missiles was critical to He ensured program integration and co-location of facilites.
the program



July 1966 - October 1967

Colonel Clason B. Saunders

(Retired as Brigadier General)

Serving as the first program director for the NRO’s high mel Saunders’ technical expertise in aerial reconnaissance
altitude reconnaissance platforms, Brigadier General optics and his first hand knowledge of military overflight
Geary pioneered the management of these operations. requirements was critical to program



Program A embraced the U.S. Air Force satellite
reconnaissance element in the National
Reconnaissance Program and consisted of the Special
Projects Office located on the West Coast. The DNRO
established Program A on 23 July 1962. Disestablished
on 31 December 1992, the USAF program was

superceded by functional NRO directorates.

PROGRAM A


July 1962 - June 1963

Rear Admiral Vernon L. Lowrance |

(Retired as Vice Admiral)
Noted for his inspiring devotion to duty, Vice Admiral Lowrance

was instrumental in developing
advancing antisubmarine warfare v

y 1966

Rear Admiral Rufus L. Taylor
(Retired as Vice Admiral)

Instrumental i

Taylor, was the only Program Director to serve as both
Deputy Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency and the
Central Intelligence Agenc



January 1971 - July 1975 July 1975

Captain Robert K. Geiger
(Retired as Rear Admiral)
rial skills and expert technical c ancy a pace efforts in the engineer
in the planning, analysis and | ex nt of satellite communications s

programs. ystems, environmental sy and oc

surveillance systems.



A PERSONAL NOTE

FROM THE DIRECTOR

The Program Directors of the National Reconnaissance O,
RO) hold an unprecedented place in the evolution of the NRO. U
they shaped the future of space reconnaissance. Their
achievements and efforts were remarkable and their contributions
everlasting.
The NRO was ensured the best in design, construction and operation
of the world’s most sophisticated satellite systems through the innovation,

leadership and technical expertise of the Program Directors. Their vision

and dedication was unsurpassed.
Without the public recognition of these outstanding individuals, the
RO legacy would not be complete. In their honor, we proudly dedicate
the Program Directors Hall.



PROGRAM

DIRECTORS
of the NRO



August 1989 - January 1993

1, Julian Caballero, Jr.

Mr. Caballero directed the development and operation of
I new imagery and SIGINT technical collection
d in establishing a responsive and flexible
imagery system between intelligen

Program B



July 1966 - June 1968

Rear Admiral Eugene B. Flucke

Rear Admiral Fluckey applied ceas to major
objectives and contributed to nt of principal
Naval Intelligence programs. His influence was strongly felt
in both national and international matters.

August 1968 - January

Rear Admiral Frederick J. Harlfinger, II
(Retired as Vice Admiral)

adership Naval
ts in capability,