DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAl.. SURVEY 

GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIIIECTOR 

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 340-D 

STREAM-GAGING STATIONS 

AND 

PUBLICATIONS RELATING TO WATER RESOURCES 

1885-1913 

PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN 

CoMPILED BY B. D. WOOD 

Part of Water-Supply Paper 340 

WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIOE 

1914 
CONTENTS. 

Page. 

Introduction •.••. :........................................................ m 

How Government reports may be obtained or consulted...................... m 

Stream-flow reports ......................•........................ :......... IV 

Principal streams........................................................... 43 

Gaging stations............................................................ 43 

Reports on water resources of the St. Lawrence River basin.................. 46 

Publications of United States Geological Survey .................... ~-.. . . 46 

Water-supply papers ..... ~".......................................... · 46 

Annual reports.................................................... 49 

Monographs • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 

Bulletins .. ~~ ......................... _. ................. :.......... 50 

Geologic folios. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 

MiScellaneous reportS................................................... 51 

Geological Survey hydrologic reports of general interest..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ix 

Water-supply papers.................................................... Ix 

Annual reports ..•............................. ·........................ :tv 

Bulletins .•...................................... ~..................... XVI 

Index by areas and subjects .......................................... ~...... xvn 

Index of streams .•.......•...•................................. ·. . . . . . . . . . . . XIX 

D 
STREAM-GAGING STATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS 

RELATING TO WATER RESOURCES, 1885-1913. 

Compiled by B. D. WooD 

INTRODUCTION. 

Investigation of water resources by the United States Geological 

Survey has consisted in large part of measurements oof the volume 

of flow of streams and studies of the conditions affecting that flow, 

but it has comprised also investigations of such closely allied subjects 

as irrigation, water storage, water powers, underground waters, and 

quality of waters. Most of the results of these investigations have 

been published in the se:des of water-supply papers, but some have 

appeared in the bulletins, professional papers, and annual reports. 

The results of stream-flow measurements are now published annually in 12 parts, each part covering an area whose boundaries 

coincide with natural drainage features, as indicated below: 

Part I. North Atlantic coast basins. 

II. South Atlantic coast and eastern Gulf of Mexico basins. 

III. Ohio River basin. 

IV. St. Lawrence River basin. 

V. Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay basins. 

VI. Missouri River basin. 

VII. Lower Mississippi River basin. 

VIII. Western Gulf of Mexico basins. 

IX. Colorado River basin. 

X. Great Basin. 

XI. Pacific coast basins in California. 

XII. North Pacific coast basins. 

HOW GOVERNMENT REPORTS MAY BE OBTAINED OR CONSULTED. 

Water-supply papers and other publications of the Unit.ed States 

Geological Survey containing data in regard to the water resources 

of the United States may be obtained or consulted as indicated 

below: 

1. Copies may be obtained free of charge by applying to the 

Director of the Geological Survey, Washington, D. C. The edition 

printed for free distribution is, however, small and is soon exhausted. 

2. Copies may be purchased at nominal cost from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, 

D. C .. who will on application furnish list giving prices. · 

lU 
IV STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC.,' 1885-1913. 

3. Sets of the reports may be consulted in the libraries of the 

principal cit.ies in the United States. 1 

• 

4. Complete sets are available for consultation in the local offices 

of the water-resources branch of the Geological Survey, as follows: 

Albany, N.Y., Room 18, Federal Building. 

Atlanta, Ga., Post Office Building. 

St. Paul, Minn., Old Capitol Building. 

Helena, Mont., Montana National Bank Building. 

Denver, Colo., 302 Chamber of Oommerce Building. 

Salt Lake City, Utab, Federal Building. 

Boise, Idaho, 615 Idaho Building. 

Portland, Oreg., 416 Couch Building. 

Tacoma, Wash., Federal Building. 

San Francisco, Cal., 328 Customhouse. 

Los Angeles, Cal., Federal Building. 

Santa Fe, N.Mex., Capitol Building. 

Honolulu, Hawaii, Kapiolani Building . 

. A list of the Geological Survey's publications will be sent on application to the Director of the United States Geological Survey, 

Washington, D. C. 

STREAM-FLOW REPORTS. 

Stream-flow records have been obtained at more than 1,550 points 

in the United States1 and t.he data obtained have been published in 

the reports tabulated below: 

Stream-flow data in reports of the United States Geological Survey. 

[A=Annual Report; B=Bnlletin; WS= Water.Supply Paper.) 

Report. Character of data. 

loth A, pt. 2... •• . . . . • • Descriptive informatio:n ollly ••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••. 

nth A, pt. 2 ••••.. ,.... Monthly discharge and descriptive Information ••••••••••••••••. 12th A, pt •. 2 •••••••••••••••• do. ; • • •••.•••.•.•.••••.•••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.• 

13th A, pt. 3 ••••••••••. Mean disoharge in second-feet ••••••••••..•• ~ ••••••••••••••••••. 

14th A, pt. 2... ••••• •• . Monthly disoharge (long-time records, 1871 to 1893) ••••••••••••• 

B 131 ••••••.•••••••••••. · 16th A, pt. 2 •••••••.••• B 140 ••••••••.•••..•..•• 

WSll ••••.•......•..••. 18th A, pt. 4 ••••••••••• 

WS15 •••••••..•.•. : ••.. 

WS16 ••••.•••.••..••..• 

19th A, pt. 4 ••••••...•• 

WS27 •••••••••••••••..• 

WS28 •••••••• · ••••••.•.. 

2oth A, pt. 4 ••••••...•. WS35to39 ..••.•••••.. 21st A, pt. 4 ••.••.•••.. , WS 47 to 52 •••..•••.•.. 22dA, pt. 4 •••••••..... WS65,66 •••••••••.•••• 

Descriptions1 l!leasurements, gage heights, and ratings •••••••••• Descriptive mrormation ollly ••.••••••... : •...•.•.••..•••••••••• Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, ratings, and monthly disoharge \also many data covering earlier years). Gage heij:hts (also gage heights for earlier years) ••.••••••••••.•• DescriptiOns, measurements, ratings, and monthly disoharge 

(alsO similar data for some earlier years). Descriptions, measurements and gage heildlts, eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippl River, and :&l'issouri River above 

junction with Kansas. 

Descriptions, measurements, and gage heights, western Mississippi R1ver below junction of Missouri and Platte, and western United States. . Descriptions, mea8urements1 ratings, and monthly disoharge · (also some long-tinle recoras). 

Measurements, ratings, and gage heights, eastern United 

States, eastern Mississippi R1ver, and Missouri River. 

Measurements, ratings, and gage heights, Arkansas River and western Umted States. 

Monthly discharge (also for many eQ!'lier vears) ••••••••••••••••• 

~:'ilfii~~~~~~~·-~~-~~~~~:~~-~~::::::::: Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings •••••••••• Monthly disCharge •••.•••.•.••..............••.•••.••••••••.••. Descriptions, measurements, gage heights, and ratings ••••••••• 

Year. 

~~:~ Sept., 

tsrs: June ao, 

1884 to Dec. 31, 1892. . 1888 to Dec. 31, 

1893. 

1893 and 1894. 

1891i. 

1896. 

1895 and 18116. 

1897. 

1897 

1897. 

1898. 

1898. 

1898. 

1899. 

1899. 

1900. 

1900. 

190l. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. 

Strearit-jlow data in repmts of the United State& Geological Survey-Continued. 

Report. Character of data. Year. 

il ~=J~~~~~~~~~~~ :Flt~~?~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ iUt 

WS 165 to 178 ••••••••••••••• do......................................................... 1905. 

WS 201 to 214 ••••••••••••••• do ••••••.............................•....•............•... 1906. 

WS·241 to 252 ••••••••••••••• do •••••......•............................................. 1907-8. 

WS 261 to272 •••...•....•••• do ••••••.................•...............................•. 1909. 

WS·281 to292 ••••..•...•.•.. do •••••.................................................... 1910. 

WS 301 to 312 •••••.••••.•••.• do ......................................................... 1911. 

WS 321 to 3320 •••••••••••••• do •••••..•••... :........................................... 1912. 

WS351 to3620 ••.•...•.....• do ••••................ :~ ..................................• 1913. 

a In preparation. 

NOTE.-No data regarding stream flow are given In the 15th and 17th annual reports. 

v 

The records at most of the stations discussed in these reports 

extend over a series of years, and in.iscellaneous measurements at 

many points other than regular gaging stations have been made 

each year. .An index of the reports containing records obtained 

prior to 1904 has been published in Water-Supply Paper 119. 

The following table gives, by yeais and drainage basins, the numbers of the papers on surface-water supply published from 1899 to 

1913. The data for any particular station will be found in the 

reports covering the years durillg which the station was maintained. 

For example, data for Machias River at Whitneyville, Me., 1903 to 

1913, are published in Water-Supply Papers 97, 124, 165, 201, 241, 

261, 281, 301, 321, and 351, which contain records for the New 

England streams from 1903 to 1913. Resu1ts of miscellaneous 

measurements are published by drainage basins. 
Numbers of water-supply papers containing results of stream measurements, 1899-1913. 

1899a 1900b 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907-8 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 

-------- --------------

North Atlantic coast .••..... 35 47,. 48 65,75 82 97 { d 124, t125 rl165, e 166 d 201, e 202 } 241 261 281 301 321 351 !126 !167 /203 

South Atlantic coast and 

eastern Gulf of Mexico ..•• g 35,36 48 65,75 g 82,83 1197,98 f 126,127 f 167,168 f 203,!!04 242 262 282 302 322 352 

Ohio River basin ••••••••••. 36 48,ll49 65,75 83 98 128 169 205 243 263 283 303 323 353 

St. Lawrence River and 

Great Lakes ••••••.•••..•. 36 49 65,75 '82,83 97 129 170 206 244 264 284 304 324 354 

Hudson Bay and Upper Mississippi River .•••.••....•. 36 49 165,66,75 183,85 i 98, 99, k 100 i 128,130 171 207 245 265 285 305 325 355 

Missouri River .•.•.••..•.••. 136,37 49,m 50 66,75 84 99 130,n 131 172 208 246 266 286 306 326 356 

Lower Mississippi River •••• 37 50 165,66,75 i83,84 198,99 I 128,131 1169,173 i205,209 247 267 287 307 327 357 

Western Gulf of Mexico ••••. 37 50 66,75 84 99 132 174 210 248 268 288 308 328 358 

Colorado River ••.•••••.•••• 0 37,38 50 66,75 85 100 133 175, p 177 211 249 269 289 309 329 359 

Great Basin •.••..•••••••..•. 38, q39 51 66,75 85 100 133, •134 176, ri77 212,. 213 250, •251 270, •271 290,. 291 310 330 360 

California .•••...•..•••..•... 38,. 39 51 66,75 85 100 134 177 213 251 271 291 311 331 361 

North Pacific coast ..•••.•.. 38 51 66,75 85 100 135 t 177, 178 214 252 272 292 312 332 362 

a Rating tables and index to Water-Supply Papers 36-39 contained in Water-Supply i Tributaries of Mississippi from east. Paper 39. k Hudson Bay only. b Rating tables and index to Water-Supply papers 47-52 and data on precipitation, l Gallatin River. 

wells and irrigation in California and Utah contained in Water-Supply Paper 52. m Loup and Platte rivers near Columbus, Nebr., and all tributaries below junction c Wissahickon and Schuylkill rivers to James River. with Platte. il New England rivers only. n Platte and Kansas rivers. · e Hudson River to Delaware River, inclusive. o Green and Gunnison rivers and Grand River above junction with Gunnison. 

f Susquehanna River to Yadkin River, inclusive. p Below junction with Gila. g James River only. q Mohave River only. h Scioto River. • Great Basin in California, excepting Truckee and Carson drainage basins. i Lake Ontario and tributaries to St. Lawrence River proper. • Kings and Kern rivers only. t Rogue, Umpqua, and Siletz rivers only. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. VII 

In these papers and in the following lists the stations are arranged 

in downstream order. The main stem of any river is determined 

by measuring or estimating its drainage area-that is, the headwater 

stream having the largest drainage area is considered the continuation of the main stream, and local changes in name and lake surface 

are disregarded. All stations from the source to the mouth of the 

main stem of the river are presented first, and the tributaries in 

regular order from source to mouth follow:, the streams in each 

tributary basin being listed before those of the next basin below. 

The exceptions to this rule occur in the records for Mississippi 

River, which are given in four parts, as indicated on page rn, and 

in the records for large lakes, where it is simpler to take up the streams 

in regular order around the rim of the lake than to cross back and 

forth over the lake surface. 

PART IV. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. 

PRINCIPAL STREAMS. 

The St. Lawrence River basin includes streams which drain into 

the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River. The principal streams 

flowing into Lake Superior from- the United States are .St. Louis, 

Ontonagon, Dead, and Carp rivers. Streams flowing into Lake 

Michigan are Escanaba, Menominee, Iron, Peshtigo, Oconto, Fox, 

St. Joseph, and Grand rivers. Into Lake Erie flow Huron, St. Marys, 

Maumee, Sandusky, Black, and Cuyahoga rivers. Streams flowing 

into Lake Ontario are Genesee, Oswego, Salmon, and Black rivers. 

The St. Lawrence receives Oswegatchie, Raquette, Richelieu (the 

outlet of Lake Champlain), and St. Francis Riv~r, whose principal 

tributary, Clyde River, reaches it through Lake Memphremagog. 

The streams of this basin drain wholly or in part the States of Illinois, 

Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, 

Vermont, and Wisconsin. 

In addition to the list of gaging stations and annotated list of 

publications relating specifically to the section, this part contains a 

similar list of reports that are of general interest in many sections 

and cover a wide range of hydrologic subjects, and also brief references to reports published by State and other organizations. (See 

pp. 51-52.) 

GAGING STATIONS. 

NoTE.-Dash following a date indicates that station was being maintained June 30, 1913. Period after 

date indicates discontinuance. 

Streams tributary to Lake Superior: 

Brule River at mouth, Minn., 1911. 

Devil Track River at mouth, Minn., 1911. 

Cascade River at mouth, Minn., 1911. 

Poplar River at mouth, Minn., 1911-

Beaver Bay river at Beaver Bay, Minn., 19.11-

St. Louis River near Forbes, Minn., 1910. 

St. Louis River near Cloquet, Minn., 1903. 

St. Louis River near Thomson, Minn., 1909-

Whiteface River at Meadowlands, Minn., 1909-

Cloquet River at Independence, Minn., 1909-

0ntonagon River near Rockland, Mich., 1903. 

Dead River near Negaunee, Mich., 1902-3. 

Dead River at Forestville, Mich., 1898-1902. 

Carp River near Marquette, Mich., 1902-3. 

57013°-14-2 43 
44 STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

Streams tributary to Lake Michigan: 

Escanaba River near Escanaba, Mich., 1903-

Menominee River near Iron Mountain, Mich., 1902-

Menominee River at Lower Quinnesec Falls, Wls., 1898-99 

Menominee River at Koss, Mich., 1907-1909. 

Iron River at Riverton Mine, Mich., 1900-1905. 

Peshtigo River near Crivitz, Wis., 1906-1909. 

Peshtigo River at Crivitz, Wis., 1906. 

Oconto River near Gillett, Wis., 1906-1909. 

Oconto River at Stlles, Wls., 1906. 

Fox River at Omro, Wis., 1902-3. 

Fox River at Oshkosh, Wis, 1902. 

Fox River at Wrightston, Wis., 1902-3, 

Wolf River at Keshena, Wis., 1907-1909; 1911-

Wolf River at White House Bridge, near Shawano, Wis., 1906-7. 

Wolf River at Darrows Bridge, near Shawano, Wis., 1906. 

Wolf River at Northport, Wis., 1905. 

Wolf River at Winneconne, Wis., 1902-3. 

Little Wolf River near Northport, Wis., 1907-1910. 

West Branch of Wolf River at Neopit, Wis., 1911-

Fond du Lac River, East Branch, at Fond duLac, Wis., 1903. 

Fond duLac River, West Branch, at Fond duLac, Wis., 1903. 

· St. Joseph River at Mendon, Mich., 1902-1905. 

St. Joseph River at Buchanan, Mich., 1901-1906. 

Fawn River at White Pigeon, Mich., 1903-4. 

Kalamazoo River near Allegan, Mich., 1901-1908. 

Reeds Springs near Albion, Mich., 1904-1906. 

Muskegon River at Newayo, Mich., 1901-1906. 

Grand River at North Lansing, Mich., 1901-1906. 

Grand River at Grand Rapids, Mich., 1901-

Red Cedar River at Agricultural College, Mich., 1902-3. 

Crockery Creek at Slocums Grove, Mich., 1902-3. 

Manistee River near Sherman, Mich., 1903-

Boardman River at Traverse City, Mich., 1903-4. 

Streams tributary to Lake Huron: 

Thtmder Bay river near Alpena, Mich., 1901-1908. 

Au Sable River at Barnfield, Mlch., 1902-

Rifle River near Sterling, Mich., 1905-1908. 

Rifle River at Orner, Mich., 1902-3. 

Shiawassee River (head of Saginaw River)-

Flint River at Flint, Mich., 1903-4. 

Cass' River at Frankenmuth, Mich., 1908-9. 

Cass River at Bridgeport, Mich., 1908. 

Tittab!twassee River at Freeland, Mich., 1903-1911. 

Streams tributary to Lake Erie: 

Huron River at Dover, Mich., 1904. 

Huron River at Dexter, Mich., 1904-

Huron River at Geddes1 Mich., 1904-

Huron River at French Landing, Mich., 1904-5. 

Huron River at Flat Rock, Mich., 1904-

St. Marys River at Fort Wayne, Ind., 1905-6. 

Maumee River near Sherwood, Ohio, 1903-1906. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN, 

Streams tributary to Lake Erie-Continued. 

Maumee River near Waterville, Ohio, 1898-1901. 

St. Joseph River at Fort Wayne, Ind., 1905-6. 

Tiffin River near Defiance, Ohio, 1903-1906. 

Auglaize River near Defiance, Ohio, 1903. 

Ottawa River at Lima, Ohio, 1902-3. 

Blanchard River at Ottawa, Ohio, 1902-3. 

Sandusky River near Mexico, Ohio, 1898-1900. · 

Sandusky River at Fremont, Ohio, 1898-1901. 

Black River near Elyria, Ohio, 1903-1906. 

Cuyahoga River at Independence, Ohio, 1903-1906. 

Cuyahoga River at Cleveland, Ohio, 1903. 

Cattaraugus Creek near Versailles, N.Y., 1910-

Streams tributary to Lake Ontario: 

Little Tonawanda Creek near Linden, N.Y., 1912. 

Genesee River at St. Helena, N.Y., 1908...,. . 

Genesee River at Mount Morris, N.Y., 1903-1909. 

Genesee River at Jones Bridge, near Mount Morris, N. Y., 1903-1906; 1908-

Genesee River at Rochester, N.Y., 1904-

Canaseraga Creek at Dansville, N. Y., 1910-1912. · 

Keshequa Creek near Sonyea, N.Y., 1910-1912. 

Hemlock Lake at Hemlock, N.Y., 1894-1902. 

· Canadice Lake outlet near Hemlock, N.Y., 1903-

Honeoye Creek at East Rush, N.Y., 1903-1906. 

Seneca River (head of Oswego River) at Baldwinsville, N.Y., 1898-1908. 

Oswego River at Battle Island, N.Y., 1900-1906. 

Oswego River at Oswego, N.Y., 1897-1901. 

Seneca Lake at Geneva, N.Y., 1905-6. 

Owasco outlet at Auburn, N.Y. (Oswego drainage), 1912-

Cayuga Lake at Ithaca, N.Y., 1905-1908. 

Fall Cre!Jk near Ithaca, N.Y., 1908-9. 

Skaneateles Lake at Skaneateles, N.Y., 1890-91. 

Skaneateles Lake outlet at Willow Glen, N.Y., 1892-1909. 

Skaneateles Lake outlet at Jordan, N.Y., 1890-1892. 

Onondaga Lake outlet at Long Branch, N. Y., 1904. 

45 

Fish Creek, East Branch (through Oneida Lake, head of Oneida River); at 

Point Rock, N.Y., 1898-99. 

Oneida River at Brewerton, N.Y., 1899. 

Oneida River at Euclid, N.Y., 1902-1909. 

Oneida Creek at Kenwood, N.Y., 1898-1900. 

Oneida River at Caughdenoy, N.Y., 1911-

Fish Creek, West Branch, at McConnellsville, N. Y., 1898-1901. 

Chittenango Creek at Chittenango, N.Y., 1901-1906. 

Chittenango Creek at Bridgeport, N. Y., 1898~1901. 

Salmon River at Stillwater Bridge, near Redfield, N.Y., 1911-

Salmon River at Pulaski, N.Y., 1901-1908; 1910-

0rwell Brook near Altmar, N.Y., 1911-

Black River near Boonville, N.Y., 1911-

Black River near Felts Mills, Watertown, N.Y., 1902-

Black River at Huntington ville Dam, near Watertown, N.Y., 1897-1901. 

Moose River at Moose River, N.Y., 1900-

Middle Branch of Moose River at Old Forge, N.Y., 1911~ 

Beaver River at Croghan, N.Y., 1901-1903. 
46 STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913, 

Streams tributary to the St. Lawrence: 

Oswegatchie River near Ogdensburg, N. Y., 1903-

0swegatchie, East Branch, at Newton Falls, N.Y., 1912-

Raquette River at Raquette Falls, near Coreys, N. Y., 1908-

Raquette River at Piercefield, N.Y., 1908-

Raquette River at S9uth Colton, N.Y., 1904. 

Raquette River at Massena Springs, N. Y., 1903-

Bog River near Tupper Lake, N.Y., 1908-1912. 

St. Regis River near Brasher Center, N.Y., 1910-

Deer River at Ironton, N. Y., 1912-

Chateaugay River near Chateaugay, N.Y., 1908. 

Richelieu River at Fort Montgomery, N.Y., 1875-

Big Chazy River at Mooers, N.Y., 1908. 

Saranac River at Saranac Lake, N. Y., 1902-3. 

Saranac River at Plattsbmg, N.Y., 1903-

Au Sable River near Au Sable Forks, N. Y., 1910-

Au Sable River at Keeseville, N. Y ., 1904 and 1908. 

Boquet River at Wellsboro, N.Y., 1904 and 1908. 

Lake George outlet at Ticonderoga, N. Y., 1904-5. 

Poultney River at Fairhaven, Vt., 1908. 

Mettawee River at Whitehall, N. Y., 1908. 

Ottm·Creek at Middlebmy, Vt., 1903-1907. 

East Creek near Rutland, Vt., 1911-

Lake Champlain at Burlington, Vt., 1907-1909; 1911-

Winooski River above Stevens Branch near Montpelier, Vt., 1909-1911. 

Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., 1909-

Winooski River at Richmond, Vt., 1903-1907; 1910. 

Worcester Branch of Winooski River at Montpelier, Vt., 1909-

Dog River at Northfield, Vt., 1909-

Lamoille River near Hardwick, Vt., 1912-13. 

Lamoille River near Morrisville, Vt., 1909-10. 

Lamoille River at Johnson, Vt., 1911-

Lamoille River at West Milton, Vt., 1903. 

Missisquoi River near Richford, Vt., 1909-

Missisquoi River at Swanton, Vt., 1903. 

St. Francis RiverClyde River at West Derby, Vt., 1909-

REPORTS ON WATER RESOURCES OF THE ST. LAWRENCE RIVER 

BASIN. 1 

PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 

WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS. 

Water-supply papers are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock lasts. An asterisk 

(*)indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers marked in this way may, however, 

be purchased from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DoCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. Water-Supply Papers 

are of octavo size. 

*21. Wells of northern Indiana, by Frank Leverett. 1899. 82 pp., 2 pis. (Continued 

in No. 26.) 10c. 

Discusses by counties the glacial deposits and the sources of well water; gives many well sections. 

*24. Water resomces of the State of New York, Part I, by G. W. Rafter. 1899. 99 

pp., 13 pis. 

I For stream measurement reports see tables on pp. IV, v, YI. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. 47 

*25. Water resources of the State of New York, Part II, by G. W. Rafter. 1899. 100 

pp., 12 pis. 

No. 24 contains descriptions of the principal rivers of New York and thelT more important 

tributaries and data on temperature, precipitation, evaporation, and stream flow. 

No. 25 contains discussion of water storage projects on Genesee and Hudson Rivers, power 

development at Niagara Falls, descriptions and early history of State canals, and a chapter 

on the use and value of the water powers of the streams and canals; also brief discussion of the 

water yield of land areas of Long Island. 

*26. Wells of southern Indiana (continuation of No. 21), by Frank Leverett. 1899. 

64 pp: 

Discusses by counties the glacial deposits and the sources of well water; contains many well 

sections. 

*30. Water resources of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, by A. C. Lane. 1899. 

97 pp., 7 pis. . . 

Describes lake and river transportaion and navigation, water powers and domestic W::tter 

supplies; discusses climate, topography, geology, and well waters; compares quality and quantity 

of waters. 

*31. Lower Michigan mineral waters, by A. C. Lane. 1899. 97 pp. 4 pis. 10c. 

Treats of economic value of mineral waters and discussion and classification of analyses; con· 

tains analyses of waters of Lake Superior and of smaller lakes and rivers and of well waters from 

various geologic formations; also sanitary condition of drinking waters. 

57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part I (Alabama-Montana), 

by N.H. Darton. 1902. 60 pp. (See No. 149.) 5c. 

61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part II (Nebraska-Wyoming), by N. H. Darton. 1902. 67 pp. 5c. 

Nos. 57 and 61 contain infor111ation as to depth, diameter, yield, and head of water in borings 

more than 400 feet deep; under head "Remarks" give information concerning temperature, 

quality of water, purposes of boring, etc. The lists are arranged by States, and the States are 

arranged alphabetically. A second revised edition was published in 1905 as Water-Supply 

Paper 149 (q. v.). 

91. The natural features and economic development of the Sandusky, Maumee, 

Muskingum, and Miami drainage areas in Ohio, by B. H. and M. S. Flynn. 

1904. 130 pp. 10c. 

Describes the topography, geology, and soils of the areas and discusses stream flow, dams, 

water powers, and public water supplies. 

102. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1903; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1904. 522 pp. 30c. 

Contains a brief report on wells and springs of lower Michigan. The report comprises tabulated 

well records giving information as to location, owner, depth, yield, head, etc., supplemented by 

notes as to elevation above sea, materials penetrated, temperature, use, and quality; many 

miscellaneous analyses. 

114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 

1905. 285 pp., 18 pis. 25c. 

Contains brief reports as follows: 

Minnesota, by C. W. Hall; Wisconsin district, by Alfred R; Schultz; Lower Michigan; Illinois, 

by Frai:J.k Leverett; Indiana, by Frai:J.k Leverett; New York, by F. B. Weeks; Ohio, by 

Frai:J.k Leverett. 

Each of these reports describes briefly the topography of the area, the relation of the geology 

to the water supplies, and gives list of pertinent publications; lists also principal mineral springs. 

144. The normal distribution of chlorine in the natural waters of New York and 

New England, by D. D. Jackson. 1905. 31 pp., 5 pis. 10c. 

Discusses common salt in coast and inland waters, salt as an index to pollution of streams and 

wells, the solutions and methods used in chlorine determinations, and the use of the normal 

chlorine map; gives charts and tables for chlorine in the New England States and New York. 

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis. 10c. 

Contains three brief reports pertaining chiefly to areas in the St. Lawrence River basin. 

Two unusual types of artesian flow, by Myron L. Fuller. Describes (1) artesian flows from 

uniform, unconfined sand on Long Island, N. Y ., and in Michigan; and (2) flow from jointed 

upper portion or limestone and other rocks in southeastern Michigan. 
48 STREAM-GAGING STATIONS~ ETC., 1885-1913. 

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905-Continued. 

Water resources of the Catatonk area, New York, by E. M. Kindle. Describes topography 

and geology of areas southeast of Finger Lake region, N. Y.,including part of city of Ithaca; discusses briefly the arte&ian wells of Ithaca, the quality of the spring water at several small 

towns, and of the streams used for municipal supplies and for power. 

A ground-water problem in southeastern Michigan, by Myron L. Fuller. Discusses causes 

of failure of wells in certain areas in southeastern Michigan in 1904 and the application of the 

conclusions to other regions~ · 

147. Destructivefl.oodsintheUnitedStatesin1904, byE.C.Murphyand others. 15c. 

·Describes flood on Grand River, Mich., (from report of R. E. Horton), discussing streams, 

precipitation, and temperature, discharge, damage, and prevention of future damage. 

*149. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, second edition with additions, by N.H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. 10c. 

Gives by States (and within the States by counties) the location, depth, diameter, yield, 

height of water, and other features of wells 400 feet or more in depth; includes all wells listed 

in Water-supply Papers 57 to 61; mentions also principal publications relating to deep 

borings. 

*156. Water powers of northern Wisconsin, by L. S. Smith. 1906. 144 pp., 5 pis. 

25c. 

Describes by river systems, the drainage, geology, topography, rainfall, and run-off, water 

powers and_ dams. 

*160. Underground-water papers, 1906; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1906. 

104 pp., 1 pl. 10c. 

Contains brief report entitled Flowing well districts in the eastern part of the northern peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett. 

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood discharge and frequency and an index to flood literature, by E. C. Murphy and 

others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pis. 15c. 

Contains accounts of floods on Sixmile Creek and Cayuga Inlet, N. Y. (in 1857, 1901, and 1905), 

and on Grand River, Michigan, and estimate of flood discharge and frequency for Genesee River; 

gives index to literature on floods in American streams. 

*182. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the southern portion of the southern peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett and others. 1906. 292 pp., 

5 pis. 50c. · 

*183. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the middle and northern portion 

of the southern peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett and others. 1907. 

393 pp., 5 pis. 50c. · Nos.182 and 183describe in general the geographic features, water-bearingformations,dralnage, 

quality of water, and subterranean water temperature, and give details concerning water supplies by counties. The reports contain many analyses. 

*193. The quality of surface waters in Minnesota, by R. B. Dole and F. F. Wesbrook. 

1907. 171 pp., 7 pis. 25c. 

Describes by river basins the topography, geology, and soils, the industrial and municipal 

pollution oftbe streams, and gives-notes on the municipalities; contains many analyses. 

*194. Pollution of Illinois and Mississippi rivers by Chicago sewage (a digest of the 

testimony taken in the case of the State of Missouri v. T;he State of Illinois 

and the Sanitary District of Chicago), by M. 0. Leighton. 1907. 369 pp., 

2 pls. 40c. 

Scope indicated by ampli11cation of title. 

236. The quality of surface waters in the United States: Part I, An11lyses of wafers 

east of the one hundredth meridian, by R B. Dole. 1909. 123 pp. 10c. 

Describes collection of samples, method of examinstion, preparation of solutions, accuracy of 

estimates, and expression of analYtical results; gives results of analyses of waters of Lake Superior 

and Lake Michigan, Kalamazoo and Grand rivers, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Maumee River, and 

St. Lawrence and Oswegatchie rivers. 

239. The quality of the surface waters of Illinois, by W. D. Collins. 1910. 94 pp., 

3 pls. 10c. 

Discusses the natural and economic· features ·that determine the character of the streams, 

describes the larger drainage b!lSins and the methods of collecting and analyzing the samples of 

water, and discusses each river in detail with reference to its source, course, and quality of water 

includes short chapters on municipal supplies and industrial uses. 
S'l'. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. 49 

254. Ground waters of north-central Indiana, by S. R. Capps, with a chapter on the 

chemical character of the waters, by R. B. Dole. 1910. 279 pp., 7 pls. 

40c. 

Describes relief, drainage, vegetation, soils and crops, industrial development, geologic for· 

mations; sources, movements, occurrence, and volume of ground water; methods of well construction and lifting devices; discusses in detail, for each county, surface features and drainage, 

geology, and ground water, city, village, and rural supplies, and gives records of wells and analyses 

of waters. Discusses also, under chemical character, methods of analyses and expression of results, 

mineral constituents, effect of the constituents on waters for domestic and industrial and medicinal uses, methods of purification, chemical composition; many analyses and field assays. 

ANNUAL REPORTS. 

Each of the papers contained in the annual reports was also issued in separate form. 

Annual reports are distributed free by the Geological Survey as long as its stock lasts. An asterisk (*) 

indicates that this stock has been exhausted. Many of the papers so marked, however, may be purchased 

from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, W ASHJNGTON, D. C. 

Annual Reports 1 to 26 are royal octavo; later reports are octavo. 

·Fourteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-93, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1893. (Pt. H, 1894.) 2 parts. Pt. II. Accompanying. 

papers, pp. xx, 597, 73 pls. Contains: 

*Potable waters of the eastern United States, by W J McGee, pp. 1 to47. Discusses cistern 

water, stream waters, and ground waters, including mineml springs and artesian wells. 

Seventeenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1895-96, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1896. 3 parts in 4 vols. *Pt. II. Economic geology 

and hydrography, xxv, 864 pp., 113 pls. Contains: 

*The water resources of Illinois, by Frank Leverett,pp. 695-849, Pis. CVIII to CXTII. Describes 

the physicalfeatures of the State, and the drainage basins, including Illinois, Des Plaines, Kankakee, Fox, Illinois-Vermilion, Spoon, Mackinaw, and Sangamon rivers, Macoupin Creek, Rock 

River, tributaries of the Mississippi in western Illinois, Kaskaskia, Big Muddy, and tributaries 

of the Wabash; discusses the minfall and run-off, navigable waters and water powers, the wells 

supplying water for rural districts, and artesian wells; contains tabulated artesian-well data and 

water analyses. 

Eighteenth Annual Report, United States Geological Survey, 1896-97, Charles D. 

Walcott, Director. 1897. 5 parts in 6 volumes. Pt. IV, hydrography, pp. 

x, 756, J 02 plates, contains: 

*The water resources of Indiana and Ohio, by Frank Leverett, pp. 419-560, pis. xxxiii to 

. xxxvil. Describes Wabash, Whitewater, Great Miami, Little Miami, Scioto, Hocking, Muskingum,and Beaver rivers and lesser tributaries of the Ohio in Indiana and Ohio, the streams 

discharging into Lake Erie and Lake Michigan, and streams flowing to the Upper Mississippi 

through the Illinois; discusses shallow and drift wells, the flowing wells from the dTift and deeper 

artesian wells, and gives records of wells at many of the cities; describes the mineral springs, 

and gives analyses of the waters; contains also tabulated lists of cities using surface waters for 

waterworks, and of cities and villages using shallow and deep well waters; discusses the source 

and quality of the city and village supplies, and gives precipitation tables for various points. 

Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-98, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1898. (Pts. II, III, and V, 1899.) 6 parts in 7 volumes and separate case for maps with Pt. V. Pt. IV, hydrography, contains: 

*The rock waters of Ohio, by Edward Orton, pp. 633-717, pls.lxxi tolxxiii. Describes the 

principal geologic formations of Ohio and the waters from the different strata; discusses the flowing wells at various points and the artesian wells of the deep preglacial channels in Allen, Auglaize, and Mercer counties; discusses city and village supplies; gives analyses of waters from 

various formations. 

MONOGRAPHS. 

Monographs are of quarto size. They are not distributed free, but may be obtained from the Geological 

Survey or from the Superintendent of Documents at the prices given. An asterisk (*l indicates 

that the Survey's stock of the paper is exhausted. (See Finding lists, pp. 89, 118.) 

XLI. Glacial formations and drainage features of the Erie and Ohio basins, by Frank 

Leverett. 1902. 802 pp., 26 pls. $1. 75. 

Treats of an area extending westward from Genesee Valley in New York across northwestern 

Pennsylvania and Ohio, central and southern Indiana, and southward from Lakes Ontario and 

Erie to Allegheny and Ohio rivers. 
50 STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

BULLETINS, 

An asterisk (*) indicates that the Geological Survey's stock of the paper Is exhausted. Many of the 

papers SO marked maybe purchased from the SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, D. C. 

264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F. Lines, and A. C. 

Veatch. 1905. 106 pp. 10c. 

Discusses the importance of accurate well records to the driller, to owners of oil, gas, and water 

wells, and to the geologist; describes the general methods of work; gives tabulated records of 

wells in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin, and detailed records of wells in Onondaga County, New York, and Hancock and Wood 

counties, Ohio. These wells were selected because they give definite stratigraphic information. 

*298. Record of deep-well drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 

1906. 299 pp. 25c. 

Gives an account of progress in the collection of well records and samples; contains tabulated 

records of wells in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Ver-· 

mont, and Wisconsin; and detailed records of wells in Cook County, Til.; Erie County, N.Y.; 

Ottawa, Sandusky, and Summit counties, Ohio; and Manitowoc County, Will. The wells of 

which detailed sections are given were selected because they afford valuable stratigraphic 

information. 

GEOLOGIC FOLIOS. 

Under the plan adopted for the preparation of a geologic map of the United States 

the entire area is divided into small quadrangles, bounded by certain meridians 

and parallels, and these quadrangles, which number several thousand, are sepamtely 

surveyed and mapped. 1 The unit of survey is also the unit of publication, and the 

maps and description of each quadrangl& are issued in the form of a folio. When all 

the folios are completed they will constitute a Geologic Atlas of the United States. 

A folio is designated by the name of the principal town or of a prominent natural 

feature within the quadranglP. Each folio includes maps showing the topography, 

geology, underground structure, and minPral deposits of the area mapped and several 

pages of descriptive text. The text explains the maps and describes the topographic 

and geologic features of the country and its mineral products. The topographic map 

show11 roads, railroads, waterways, and, by contour lines, the shapes of the hills and valleys and the height above sea level of all points in the quadrangle. The areal-geology 

map shows the distribution of the various rocks at the surface. The structural-geology 

map shows the relations of the rocks to one another underground. The economicgeology map indicates the location of mineral deposits that are commercially valuable. 

The artesian-water map shows the depth to underground-water horizons. Economicgeology and artesian-water maps are included in folios if the conditions in the areas 

mapped warrant their publication. The folios are of special interest to students of 

geography and geology and are valuable as guides in the development and utilization 

of mineral resources. 

The folios numbered from 1 to 163, inclusive, are published in only one form (18 by 

22 inches), called the library edition. Some of the folios that bear numbers higher 

than 163 are published also in an actavo edition (6 by 9 inches). Owing to a fire in 

the Geological Survey building May 18, 1913, the stock of geologic folios was more or 

less damaged by fire and water, but 80 or 90 per cent of the folios are usable. They 

will be sold at the uniform price of 5 cents each, with no reduction for wholesale 

orders. This rate applies to folios in stock from 1 to 184, inclusive (except reprints), 

also to the library edition of folio 186. The library edition of folios 185, 187, and 

higher numbers sells for 25 cents a copy, except that some folios which contain an 

unusually large amount of matter sell at higher prices. The octavo edition of folio 185 

and higher numbers sells for 50 cents a copy. If 34 folios selling at 25 cents each (or 

' Index maps showing areas in the St. Lawrence basin covered by topographic maps and by geologic 

folios will be mailed ou receipt of request addressed to the Director, U. S. Geological Survey, Washington, 

D.C. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. 51 

their equivalent lit higher-priced folios) are ordered at one time a discount of 40 per 

cent is allowed; $5.10 is the minimum amount accepted at this rate. 

All the folios contain descriptions of the drainage of the quadrangles. The folios in 

the following list contain also brief discussions of the underground waters in connection 

with the economic resources of the areas and more or less information concerning the 

utilization of the water resources. 

An asterisk (*) indicates that the stock of the folio is exhausted. 

*81. Chicago, Illinois-Indiana. 

Describes an area embracing not only tbe immediate sil;.e of the city but adjacent parts of 

Cooki Dupage, and WW counties, DI.; disCusses tbe relief and drainage of tbe area, and describes 

the geologic formations, and wider "Mineral resources" gives an acc\IUilt of the water power, 

surface waters, and deep and shallow rock wells. It diScusses tbe qUlllity of tbe waters and 

gives analyses of waters from artesian wells; gives also a list of papers relating to the geology 

and paleontol~>gy of tlw area. 

140. Milwaukee special, Wisconsin. 

Describes tbe topography and tbe stratigraphic and historical geology of the area above tbe 

city of Milwaukee; under "Economic geology" discusses rainfall, water power, water supply 

of cities and villages, miners! springs, and artesian wells; gives analyses of spring waters and of 

artesian water in Milwaukee; also tabulated data concerning wells. 

*155. Ann Arbor, Mich. 

Describes an area drsined by streams that flow either directly or indirectly to the west end 

of Lake Erie, and oomprise a large part of W~tenaw County and small adjacent portions of 

Livingston, Oakland, Wayne, Monroe, an,d Lenawee counties, Mich. Discusses the streams 

. and tbe present lakes, tbe lakes of tbe glooial period, and, under "Economic geology," tbe water 

resources, including the use of tbe rivers for power and of the underground waters, shallow and 

artesian, for city and village supplies; discusses the quality of the waters, and gives details by 

townships. · 

169. Watkins Glen, Catatonk Valley, New York. · Describes two quadrangles located near tbe center of tbe southern tier of counties in tbe State 

of New York; describes the rivers, which include tributaries of the Susquehanna and tbe St. 

Lawrence, tbe lakes and swamps; and, under "Economic geology," springs and shallow and 

deep wells; disCusses also water supply at ltbiiCII. 

MISCELLANEOUS REPORTS. 

Other Federal bureaus and State and other organizations have 

from time to time published reports relating to the water resources of 

the various sections of the country. Notable among those pertaining 

to the St. Lawrence River basin are the reports of the Chief of Engineers United States Army, the State Geological Survey of Illinois, 

the Illinois Water-Supply Commission, the Rivers and Lakes Commission of Illinois, the New York State Conservation Commission 

and State Water-Supply Commission, and the water-power report 

of the Tenth Census (vol. 16). The folloWing reports deserve special 

mention: 

The mineral content of Illinois waters, by Edward Bartow, J. A. Udden, S. W. 

Parr, and George T. Palmer: Illinois State Geol. Survey Bull. 10, 1909. 

- Chemical and biological survey of waters of Illinois, by Edward Bartow: Univ. 

Illinois Pubs. 3, 6, 7, 1906-1909. 

Chemical survey of the waters of Illinois, report for the years 1897-1902, by A. W. 

Palmer, with report on geology of Illinois as related to its water supply, by Charles W. 

Rolfe: Univ. Illinois Pub. · 

Diversion of the waters of the Great Lakes by way of the Sanitary and Ship Canal of 

Chicago: A brief of the facts and issues, by Lyman E. Cooley, Chicago, 1913. 
52 STREAM-GAGING STAT10NS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

The State of Missouri v. The State of Illinois and the Sanitary district of Chicago, 

before Frank S. Bright, commissioner of the Supreme Court of the United States. 

l904. 

The mineral waters of Indiana, their location, origin, and character, by W. S. 

Blatchley: Indiana Dept. Geology and Nat. Res. Twenty-sixth Ann. Rept., 1901. 

Report on the water resources investigation of Minnesota by the State Drainage 

Commission, 1910. 

Hydrology of the State of New York, by George W. Rafter: New York State Mus. 

Bull. 85, 1905. 

Many of these reports can be obtained from the various commissions, and probably all can be consulted in the public libraries of the 

larger cities. 
GEOLOGICAL SURyEY HYDROLOGIC REPORTS OF GENERAL 

INTEREST. 

The following list comprises reports not readily classifiable by drainage basins and covering a wide range of hydrologic investigations: 

WATER-SUPPLY PAPERS. 

*1. Pumping water for irrigation, by H. M. Wilson. 1896. 57 pp., 9 pis. 

Describes pumps and motive powers, windmills, water wheels, and various kinds of engines, . 

also storage reservoirs to retain pumped water until needed for irrigation. 

*3. Sewage irrigation,. by G. W. Rafter. 1897. 100 pp., 4 pis. (See Water-Supply 

Paper 22.) 

Discusses methods of sewage disposal by intermittent filtration and by irrigation; describes 

utilization of sewage in Germany, England,-and France, and sewage purification in the United 

States. . . 

*8. Windmills for irrigation, by E. C. Murphy. 1897. 49 pp., 8 pis. 

Gives results of experimental tests of windmills during the summer of 1896 in the vicinity of 

Garden, Kans!IS; describes instruments and methods and draws conclusions. 

*14. New tests.of certain pumps and water lifts used in irrigation, by 0. P. Hood. 

1898. 91 pp., 1 pl. . 

Discusses efficiency of pumps and water 11fts of various types. 

*20. Experiments with windmills, by T. 0. Perry. 1899. 97 pp., 12 pis. 

Includes tables and descriptions of wind wheels, makes comparisons .of wheels of several types 

and discusses results. 

*22. Sewage irrigation, Part II, by G. W. Rafter. 1899. 100 pp., 7 pis. 

Gives resume of Water-Supply Paper No. 3; discusses pollution of certain streams, experiment 

on purification of factory wastes in MIISSachusetts, value of commercial fertilizers, and ·describes 

American sewage disposal plants by States; contains bibliography of pubiioations relating to 

sewage utilization and disposal. 

*32. Water resources of Puerto Rico, by H. M. Wilson. 1899. 48 pp., 17 pis. 15c. 

Describes briefly topography, climate, rivers, irrigation methods, "soils, forestation, water 

power, and transportation facilities. ' 

41. The windmill; its ejficiency and economic use, Part I, by E. C. Murphy. 1901. 

72 pp., 14 pls. 15c. 

*42. The windmill; its efficiency and economic use, Part II, by E. C. Murphy. 1901. 

75 pp., 2 pls. lOc. 

Nos. 41 and 42 give details of results of experimental tests with windmills of various types. 

43. Conveyance of water in irrigation canals, flumes, and pipes, by Samuel Fortier. 

1901. 86 pp., 15 pis. 

44. Profile! of rivers in the United States, by Henry Gannett. 1901. lOOpp., 11 pis. 

15c. 

Gives elevations and distance along rivers of the United States, also brief descriptions of many 

of the streams. Arrangement geographic. Many river profiles are scattered through other 

rep(lrts on surface waters in various parts of the United States. · 

56. Methods of stream measurement. 1901. 51 pp., 12 pis. 15c. 

Describes the methods used by the Survey in 1901-2. (See also Nos. 64, 94, and 95.) 

57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part I (Alabama-Montana}, 

by N.H. Darton. 1902. 60 pp. (See No. 149.) 5c. · IX 
X STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Part II (Nebraska-Wyoming), by N.H. Darton. 1902. 67 pp. 

Nos. 57 and 61 contain information as to depth, diameter, yield, and head of water in borings 

more than 400 feet deep; under head "Remarks" gives information concerning temperature, 

quality of water, purposes of boring, etc. The lists are arranged by States, and the States are 

arranged alphabetically. A second revised edition was published in 1905 as Water-Supply 

Paper 149 (q. v.). 5c. 

64. Accuracy oi" stream measurements, by E. C. Murphy. 1902. 99 pp., 4 pis. 

(See No. 95.) 10c. 

Describes methods of measuring velocity of water and of measuring and computing stream flow 

and compares results obtained with the difi'erent instruments and methods; describes also 

experiments and results at the Cornell University hydraulic laboratory. A second, enlarged 

edition published as Water-Supply Paper 95. 

*67. The motions of underground waters, by C. S. Stichter. 1902. 106 pp., 8 pis. 15c. . . 

Discusses origin, depth, and amount of underground waters; permeability of rocks and porosity of soils; causes, rates, and laws of motions of underground water; surface and deep zones of 

flow, and recovery of waters by open wells and artesian and deep wells; treats of the shape 

and position of the water table gives simple methods of measuring yield of flowing well; describes 

artesian wells at Savannah, Ga. 

72. Sewage pollution in the metropolitan area near New York City and its effect 

on inland water resources, by M. 0. Leig'hton. 1902. 75 pp., 8 pls. 10c. 

Defines "normal" and "polluted" waters and discusses the damage resulting from pollution. 

77. The water resources of Molokai, Hawaiian Islands, by Waldemar Lindgren. 

1903. 62 pp., 4 pis. 10c. · 

Describes briefly the topography, geology, coral reefs, climate, soils, vegetation, forests, fauna 

of the island, the springs, running streams and wells, and discusses the utilization of the surface 

and underground waters. 

*80. The relation of rainfall to run-off, by G. W. Rafter. 1903. 104 pp. 10c. 

Treats of measurements of rainfall and laws and measurements of stream flow; gives rainfall, 

run-off, and evaporation formulas; discusses effect of forests on rainfall and run-off. 

87. Irrigation in India (second edition), by H. M. Wilson. 1903. 238 pp., 27 pis. 

25c. 

First edition was published in Part II of the Twelfth Annual Report. 

93. Proceedings of first conference of engineers of Reclamation Service, with 

accompanying papers, compiled by F. H. Newell, Chief Engineer. 1904. 

361 pp. . 

Contains, in addition to an account of the organization of the hydrographic [water-resources] 

branch of the United States Geological Survey, and the reports of the conference, the following 

papers of more or less general interest: 

Limits of an irrigation project, by D. W. Ross. 

Relation of Federal and State laws to irrigation, by Morris Bien. 

Electrical transmission of power for pumping, by H. A. Storrs. 

Correct design and stability of high masonry dams, by Geo. Y. Wisner. 

Irrigation surveys and the use of the plane-table, by J. B. Lippincott. 

The use of alkaline waters for irrigation, by Thomas A. Means. 

*94. Hydrographic manual of the United States Geological Survey, prepared by E. C. 

Murphy, J. C. Hoyt, and G. B. Hollister. 1904. 76 pp., 3 pis. 

Gives instruction for field and office work relating to measurements of stream flow by current 

meters. (See also No. 95.) 

95. Accuracy of stream measurements (second, enlarged edition), by E. C. Murphy. 

1904. 169 pp., 6 pis. 

Describes methods of measuring and computing stream flow and compares results derived from 

difi'erent instruments and methods. (See also No. 94.) 

103. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States, 

by E. B. Goodell. 1904. 120 pp. (See No. 152.) 10c. 

Explains the legal principles under which antipollution statutes become operative, quotes 

court decisions to show authority for various deductions, and classifies according to scope the 

statutes enact~d in the difi'erent States. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. XI 

110. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. _ 1905. 211 pp., 5 pls. 10c. 

Contains the followil1g reports of general interest. The scope of each paper is indicated by its 

title. 

Description of underflow meter used in measuring the-velocity and direction of underground 

water, by Charles B.· Stichter. -

The California or "stovepipe" method of well construction, by Charles S. Stichter. 

Approximate methods of measuring the yleld of flowil1g wells, by Charles S. Stichter. 

Corrections necessary in accurate deterzniilations of !low from vertical well oasings, from notes 

furnished by A. N. Talbot, 

Experiment relating to problems of well contam:ination at Qu!tmsn, Ga., by S. W. McCallie. 

Notes on the hydrology of Cuba,. by M. L. Fuller. 

113. The disposal of strawboard and oil-well wastes, by R. L. Sackett and Isaiah 

Bowman. 1905. 52 pp., 4 pis. 5c. 

The !lrst paper discusses the pollution of streams by sewage and by trade wastse, describes the 

lllllli.ufacture of Btrawboard, and gives results of various experiments in diSposing of the waste. 

The second paper describes briefty the topography, drainage, and geology of the region about 

Marion, Ind., the contsmination of rock wells and of streams by waste oil and brine. 

114. Underground waters of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 

1905. 285 pp., 18 pls. 25c. 

Contsins report on" Occurrence of underground waters," by M. L. Fuller, discussing sources, 

amount, and temperatt'!l'e of waters, permeability and storage capacity of rocks, water-bearing 

formation, recovery of Water by aprings, wells, and pumps, essential conditions of artesian flows, 

and general conditions affecting underground waters in eastern United States. 

115. River surveys and profiles made during 1903, by W. C. Hall and J. C. Hoyt. 

1905. 115 pp., 4 pls. 10c. · Contsins results of surveys made to determine location of undeveloped power sites. 

119. Index to the hydrographic progress reports of the United States Geological 

Survey, 1888 to 1903, by J. C. Hoyt and B. D. Wood. 1905. 253 pp. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

120. Bibliographic review and index of papers relating to underground waters published by the United States Geological Survey, 1879-1904, by M. L. Fuller. 

1905. . 128 pp. 10c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

122. Relation of the law to underground waters, by D. W. Johnson .. 1905. 55 pp. 

5c. 

Defines and classllles undergrotind waters, gives common-law rules relating to thelr use, and 

cites State legislative acts.affecting them. 

140. Field measurements of the rate of movement of underground waters, by C. S. 

Stichter. 1905. 122 pp., 15 pls. 15c. 

Discusses the capacity of sand to transmit water, describes measurements of underflow in Rio 

Hondo, San Gabriel, and Mohave River valleys, Cal., and on Long Island, N. Y.; gives results of 

tests of wells and pumping plants, and describes stovepipe method of well construction. 

143. Experiments on steel-concrete pipes on a working scale, by J. H. Quinton. 

1905. 61 pp., 4 pls. 5c. 

Scope indic_ated by title. 

144. The normal distribution of chlorine in the natural waters of New York and 

New England, by D. D. Jackson. 1905. 31 pp., 5 pis. 10c. 

Discusses common salt in coast and inland waters, ealt as an index to pollution of etreama and 

wells, the solutions and methods used in chlorine determinations, and the use of the normal 

chlorine map; gives charts and tables for chlorine in the New England States and New York. 

145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1905; M. L. Fuller, 

geologist in charge. 1905. 220 pp., 6 pis. 10c. 

Contains brief reports of general interest !IS follows: 

Drainage of ponds into drilled wells, by Robert E. Horton. Diecusses efficiency, coet, and 

capacity of drainage wells, and gives statistics of such wells in southern Michigan. -

Construction of so-called fountain and geyser aprtngs, by Myron L. Fuller. 

A convenient gage for determining low artesian heads, by Myron L. Fuller. 
XII STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

146. Proceedings of second conference of engineers of the Reclamation Service, 

with accompanying papers, compiled by F. H. Newell, Chief engineer. 1905. 

267pp. 

Contains brief account of tbe organization of tbe hydrographic [water-resources] branch and 

tbe Reclamation Service, reports of conferences and ·committees, circulars of instruction, and 

many brief reports on subjects closely related to reclamation, and a bibliography of technical' 

papers by members of tbe service. Of tbe papers read at the conference tbose listed below 

(scope Indicated by title) are of more or less general interest: 

Proposed State code of water laws, by Morris Bien. 

Power engineering applied to irrigation problems, by 0. H. Ensign. 

Estimates on tunneling in irrigation projects, by A. L. Fellows. 

Collection of stream-gaging data, by N. C. Grover. 

Diamond-drill metbods, by G. A. Hammond. 

Mean-velocity and area curves, by F. W. Hanna. 

Importance of general hydrographic data concerning basins of streams gaged, by R. E. Horton. 

Effect of aquatic vegetation on stream flow, by R. E. Horton. 

Sanitary regulations governing construction camps, by M. 0. Leighton. 

Necessity of draining irrigated land, by Thos. H. Means. 

Alkali soils, by Thos. H. Means. 

Cost of stream-gaging work, by E. C. Murphy. 

Equipment of a cable gaging station, by E. C. Murphy. 

Silting of reservoirs, by W. M. Reed. 

Farm-unit classification, by D. W. Ross. 

Cost of power for pumping irrigating water, by H. A. Storrs. 

Records of flow at current-meter gaging stations during tbe frozen season, by F. H. Tlllinghast. 

147. Destructive floods in United States in 1904, by E. C. Murphy. 15c. 

Contains a brief account of "A metbod of computing cross-section area of waterways," including formulas for maximum discharge and areas of cross section. 

149. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, second edition with additions, by N. H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. 10c. 

Gives by States (and within the States by counties), location, depth, diameter, yield, height 

of water, and other available information, concerning wells 400 feet or more In depth; includes 

all wells listed in Water-Supply Papers 57 to 61; mentions also principal publications relating 

to deep borings. 

150. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas, by R. E. Horton. 1906. 189 

pp., 38 pis. (See Water-Supply Paper 200.) 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

151. Field assay of water, by M. 0. Leighton. 1905. 77 pp., 4 pis. lOc. 

Discusses methods, instruments, and reagents ·used in determining turbidity, color, iron, 

chlorides, and hardness in connecticin witb the studies of the quality of water in various parts 

of the United States. 

152. A review of the laws forbidding pollution of inland waters in the United States 

(second edition), by E. B. Goodell. 1905. 149 pp. 10c. · Scope indicated by title. 

155. Fluctuations of the water level in wells, with special reference to Long Island, 

N.Y., by A. C. Veatch. 1906. 83 pp., 9 pis. 25c. 

Includes general discussion of fluctuation due to rainfall and evaporation, barometric changes, 

temperature changes in rivers, changes in lake level, tidal changes, effects of settlement, irri· 

gation, dams, underground water developments, and to indeterminate causes. 

*160. Underground water papers, 1906; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1906. 

104 pp., 1 pl. lOc.-

G lves account of work in 1905, lists of publications relating to underground waters, and contains the following brief reports of general interest: . 

Significance of the term "artesian," by Myron L. Fuller. 

Representation of wells and springs on maps, by MYt-on L. Fuller. 

Total amount of free water in the earth's crust, by Myron L. Fuller. 

Use of fluorescein in the study of underground waters, by R. B. Dole. 

Problems of water contamination, by Isaiah Bowman. 

Instances of improvement of water in wells, by Myron L. Fuller. 

*162. Destructive floods in the United States in 1905, with a discussion of flood discharge and frequency and an index to :flood literature, by E. C. Murphy and 

others. 1906. 105 pp., 4 pis. 15c. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. XIII 

163. Bibliographic review and index of underground-water literature published in 

the United States in 1905, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, and B. L. Johnson. 

1906. 130 pp. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*179. Prevention of stream pollution by distillery refuse, based on investigations at 

Lynchburg, Ohio, by Herman Stabler. 1906. 34 pp., 1 pl. 10c. 

Describes grain distillation, treatment of slop, sources, character, and effects of eflluents on 

streams; discusses filtration, precipitation, fermentation, and evaporation methods of disposal 

of wastes witb;out pollution. 

180. Turbine water-wheel tests and power tables, by R. E. Horton. 1906. 134 

pp., 2 pls. 20c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*185. Investigations on the purification of Boston sewage, by C-E. A. Winslow attd 

E. B. Phelps. 1906. 163 pp. 25c. 

Discusses composition, disposal, ptirification, and treatment of sewages and recent tendencies 

in sewage-disposal practice in England, Germany, and the United States; describes character 

of crude sewage at Boston, removal of suspended matter, treatment in septic tanks, llJld purification in intermittent sand filtration and coarse material; gives bibliography. 

*186. Stream pollution by acid-iron wastes, a report based on investigations made at 

Shelby, Ohio, by Herman Stabler. 1906. 36 pp., 1 pl. lOc. 

Gives history of pollution by acid-iron wastes at Shelby, Ohio, and resulting litigation; discusses effect of acid-iron liquors on sewage purification processes, recovery of copperas from acidiron wastes, and other processes for removal of pickling liquor. 

*187. Determination of stream flow during the frozen season, by H. K. Barrows and 

R. E. Horton. 1907. 93 pp., 1 pl. 15c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*189. The prevention of stream pollution by strawboard waste, by E. B. Phelps. 

1906. 29 pp., 2 pis. 5c. 

Describes manufacture of strawboard, present and proposed methods of disposal of waste 

liquors, laboratory investigations of precipitation and sedimentation, and field studies of amounts 

and character of water used, raw material and finished product, and mechanical filtration. 

*194. Pollution of Illinois and Mississippi rivers by Chicago sewage (a digest of the 

testimony taken in the case of the -State of Missouri v. The State of Illinois 

and the Sanitary District of Chicago), by M. 0. Leighton. 1907. 369 pp., 

2 pis. 40c. 

Scope indicated by amplification of title. 

*196. Water supply of Nome region, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 1906, by J. C. Hoyt 

and F. F. Henshaw. 1907. 52 pp., 6 pls. 15c. 

Gives results of measurements of flow of Alaskan streams, discusses available water supply 

for ditch and pipe lines and power development; presents notes for investors. 

*200. Weir experiments, coefficients, and formulas, revision of paper No. 150, by R. 

E. Horton. 1907. 195 pp., 38 pis. 35c. 

Scope indicated by title. 

*218. Water-supply investigations in Alaska, 1906-7 (Nome and Kougarok regions, 

Seward Peninsula; Fairbanks district, Yukon-Tanana region), by F. F. 

Henshaw and C. C. Covert. 1908. 156 pp., 12 pis. 25c. 

Describes the drainage basins, gives results of observations at the gaging stations, and discusses 

the water supply of the ditches and pipe lines, and possibilities of development; gives also meteorological records. 

*226. The pollution of streams-by sulphite-pulp waste, a study of possible remedies, 

by E. B. Phelps. 1908. 37 pp., 1 pl. 10c. 

Describes manufacture of sulphite pulp, the waste liquors, and the experimental work leading 

to suggestions as to methods of preventing stream pollution. 

228. Water-supply investigations of the Yukon-Tanana region,.Alaska, 1907 and 1908 

(Fairbanks, Circle, and Rampart districts), by C. C. Covert and C. E. Ellsworth. 1909. 108 pp., 7 pis. 20c. 

Describes the drainage basins; gives results of observatio.ns at gaging stations; discusses the 

water supplies of the ditches and pipe lines and possibilities of hydraulic development. 
XIV STREAl\'£-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

*229. The disinfection of sewage and sewage filter effluents, with a chapter on the 

putrescibility and stability of sewage effluents, by E. B. Phelps. 1909. 91 

pp., 1 pl. 15c. 

Scope Indicated by title. 

234. Papers on the conservation of water resources. 1909. 96 pp., 2 pis. 15c. 

Contains the following papers, whose scope is Indicated by their titles: Distribution of rainfall, 

by Henry Gannett; Floods, by M. 0. Leighton; Developed water powers, compiled under the 

direction of W. M. Steuart, with discussion by M. 0. Leighton; Undeveloped water powers, by 

M. 0. Leighton; Irrigation, by F. H. Newell; Underground waters, by W. C. Mendenhall; 

Denudation, by R. B. Dole and Herman Stabler; Control of catchment areas, by H. N. Parke. 

*235. The purification of some textile and other factory wastes, by Herman Stabler 

and G. H. Pratt. 1909. 76 pp. 10c. 

Discusses waste waters from wool-scouring, bleaching, and dyeing cotton yarn, bleaching 

cotton piece goods, and mannfacture of oleomargarine, fertilizer, and glue. 

236. The quality of surface waters in the United States: Part I, Analyses of waters 

east of the one-hundredth meridian, by R. B. Dole. 1909. 123 pp. 10c. 

Describes collection of samples, method of examination, preparation of solutions, accuracy of 

estimates, and expression of analytical results. 

238. The public utility of water powers and their governmental regulation, by Rene 

Tavernier and M. 0. Leighton. 1910. 161 pp. 15c. 

Discusses hydraulic power and Irrigation, French, Italian, and Swiss legislation relative to the 

development of water powers, and laws proposed ln the French Parliament; reviews work of 

bureau of hydraulics and agricultural improvement of the French department of agriculture, 

and gives resume of Federal and State water-power legislation in the United States. 

255. Underground waters for farm use, by M. L. Fuller. 1910. 58 pp., 17 pis. 15c. 

Discusses rocks as sources of water supply and the relative safety of supplies from different 

materials; springs, and their protection; open or dug and deep wells, their location, yield, relative 

cost, protection, and safety; advantages and disadvantages of cisterns and combination wells 

and risterns. 

257. Well-drilling methods, by Isaiah Bowman. 1911. 139 pp., 4 pis. 15c. 

Discusses amount, distribution, and disposal of rainfall, water-bearing rocks, amount of underground water, artesian conditions, and oil and gas bearing formations; gives history of well 

drilling in Asia, Europe, and the United States; describes in detail the various methods and the 

machinery used; discusses loss of tools and geologic difficulties; contamination of well waters 

and methods of prevention; tests of capacity and measurement of depth; and costs of sinking 

wells. 

258. Underground water papers, 1910, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, G. C. Matson, 

Samuel Sanford, and H. C. Wolff. 1911. 125 pp., 2 pis. 15c. 

Contains the following papers (scope indicated by titles) of general interest: 

Drainage by wells, by M. L. Fuller. 

Freezing of wells and related phenomena, by M. L. Fuller. 

Pollution of underground waters in limestone, by G. C. Matson. 

Protection of shallow wells ln sandy deposits, by M. L. Fuller. 

Magnetic wells, by M. L. Fuller. 

*259. The underground waters of southwestern Ohio, by M. L .. Fuller and F. G. 

Clapp, with a discussion of the chemical character of the waters, by R. B. 

Dole. 1912. 228 pp., 9 pis. 35c. 

Describes the topography, climate, and geology of the region, the water-bearing formations, the 

source, mode of occurrence, and head of the waters, and municipal supplies; gives details by 

counties; discusses in supplement, nnder chemical character, method of analysis and expression 

of results, mineral constituents, effect of the constituents on waters for domestic, industrial, or 

medicinal uses, methods of purification, chemical composition; many analyses and field assays. 

The matter ln the supplement was also published in Water-Supply Paper 254 (The underground 

waters of north-central Indiana). 

274: Some stream waters of the western United States, with chapters on sediment 

carried by the Rio Grande and the industrial application of water analyses, 

by Herman Stabler. 1911. 188 pp. 15c. 

Describes-collection of samples, plan of analytical work, and methods of analyses; discusses 

soap-consuming power of waters, water softening, boiler waters, and water for irrigation; gives 

results of analyses of waters of the Rio Grande and of Pecos, Gallinas, and Hondo rivers. 
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER BASIN. XV 

280. Gaging stations maintained by the United.States Geological Survey, 1888-1910, 

and Survey publications relating to water resources, compiled by B. D. 

Wood. 1912. 102 pp. 10c. 

314. Surface water supply of Seward Peninsula, Alaska, by F. F, Henshaw and G. L. · 

Parker, with a sketch of the geography and geology by P. S. Smith, and a 

description of methods of placer mining by A. H. Brooks. 1913. 317 pp., 

17 pls. 45c. 

Contains resUlts of work at gaging stations. 

*315. The purification of public water supplies, by G. A. Johnson. 1913. 84 pp., 8 

pls. 10c. 

Discusses ground, lake, and river waters a.S public supplies, development of waterworks systems in the United States, water consumption, and typhoid fever; describes methods of filtration and sterilization of water, and municipal water softening. 

*!US. Water resources of Hawaii, 1909-1911, by W. F. Martin and C. H. Pierce. 1913. 

. 552 pp., 15 pls. 

Describes the general features of the islands and gives results of measurements of streams and 

of observations of rainfall and evaporation; contains a gazetteer. 

334. The Ohio Valley flood of March-April, 1913 (including comparisons with some 

earlier floods) by A. H. Horton and H. J. Jackson. 1913. 96 pp., 32 pls. 

Although relating specifically to ftoods in the Ohio Valley, this report discUsses also the causes 

of ftoods and the prevention of dainage by ftoods. 

836. Water resources of Hawaii, 1912, by C. H~ Il:ierce and G. K. Larrison. 1914. 

392 pp. 

Contains results of stream measurements on the Islands in 1912. 

337. The effects of ice on stream flow, by William Glenn Hoyt. 1913. 76 pp., 7 pls. 

D·iscusses methods of measuring the winter ftow of streams. 

ANNUAL REPORTS. 

*Fifth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1883-84, J. W. Powell, 

Director. 1885. xxxvi, 469 pp., 58 pls. $2.25. Contains: 

*The requisite and qualifying conditions of artesian wells, by T. C. Cbsmberlain, pp.l25 to 173, 

Pl. XXI. Scope indicated by title. 

Twelfth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1890-91, J, W. Powell, 

Director. 1891. 2 parts. Pt. II, IrrigS.tion, xviii, 576 pp., 93 pls. $2. Contains: 

"*liTigation in India, by H. M. Wilson, pp. 368-561, Pis. CVII to CXLVI. (See Water-Supply 

Paper 87.) 

Thirteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1891-92, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1892. (Pts. ·II and III, 1893.) 3 parts~ Pt. III, Irrigation, pp. xi, 486, 77 plates. $L85. ·Contains: 

*American Irrigation engineering, by H. M. Wilson, pp. 101-349, Pis. CXI to CXLV. Discusses 

the economic aspects of Irrigation, alkaline drainage, silt and sedimentation; gives brief history 

of legislation; describes perennial canals in Idaho-California, Wyoming, and Arizona; discusses 

water storage at reservoirs of the California and other projects, subsurface sources of supply 

pumping and subirrigation. 

Fourteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1892-93, J. W. 

Powell, Director. 1893. (Pt. II, 1894.) 2 parts. Pt. II, Accompanying 

papers, pp. xx, 597, 73 pls. $2.10. Contains: 

*Potable waters of the eastern United States, by W J McGee, pp. 1 to 47. Discusses cistern 

water, stream waters, and ground waters, including mineral springs and artesian wells. 

*Natural mineral waters of the United States, by A. C. Peale, pp. 49-88, Pis. ill and IV. Discusses the origin and ftow of mineral springs, the source of mineralization, thermal springs, the 

chemical composition and analysis of spring waters, geographic distribution,.and the utilization 

of mineral waters; gives a list of American mineral spring resorts; ~tains also some analyses. 
XVI STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1897-98, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1898. (Parts II, III, and V, 1899.) 6 parts in 7 vols. 

and separate case for maps with Pt. V. Pt. II, papers chiefly of a theoretical 

nature, pp. v, 958, 172 plates. $2.65. Contains: 

*Principles and conditions of the. movements of ground water, by F: H. King, pp. 59-294, Pis. 

VI to XVII. Discusses the amount of water stored in sandstone, in soil, and in other rocks, the 

depth to which ground water penetrates; gravitational, thermal, and capillary movements of 

ground waters, and the configuration of the ground-water surface; gives the results of e:iperimental investigations on the fiow of air and water through a rigitJ., porous media, and through 

. sands, sandstones, and silts; discusses results obtained by other investigators, and summarizes 

results of observations; discusses also rate of fiow of water through sand and rock, the growth o( 

river.., rate of 11ltration through soil, interference of wells, eto. 

*Theoretical investigation of the motion of ground waters, by C. S. Slichter, pp. 295-384, Pis. 

XVII. Scope indicated by title. . 

Twentieth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1898-99, Charles 

D. Walcott, Director. 1899. (Parts II, III, IV, V, and VII, 1900.) 7 parts 

in 8 vols. and separate case for maps with Pt. V. Pt. IV, Hydrography, 

vii, 660 pp., 75 plates. $1.85. Contains: ' 

*Hydrography of Nicaragua, by A. P. Davis, pp. 563-637, Pis. LXIV to LXXV. Describes the 

topographic features of the boundary, the lake basin, and Rio San Juan; gives a brief resume of 

the boundary dispute; discusses rainfall, temperature, and relative humidity, evaporation, 

resources, and productions, the ship, railway, and canal projects; gives the history of the investi· 

gations by the Canal Commission, and results of measurements on the Rio Grande, on streams 

tn"butary to Lake Nicaragua, and on Rio San Juan and its tributaries. 

Twenty-second Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, 1900-1901, 

Charles D. Walcott, Director. 1901. (Parts III and IV, 1902.) 4 parts. 

Pt. IV, Hydrography, 690 pp., 65 pls. $2.20. Contains: 

*Hydrography of the American Isthmus, by A. P. Davis, pp. 507-630, Pis. XXXVII to L. 

Descrfbes the physiography, temperature, rainfall, and winds of Central America; discusses the 

hydrography ofthe Nicaragua Canal route and the Panama Canal route; gives estimated monthly 

discharges of many of the streams, rainfall, and evaporation tables at various pohits. 

BULLETINS. 

*32. Lists and analyses of the mineral springs of the United States (a preliminary 

study), by A. C. Peale. 1886. 235 pp. . Defines mineral waters, lists the springs by States, and gives tables of analyses so far" ·as available. · 

264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E. F. Lines, and A. C. 

Veatch. 1905. 106 pp. 10c. ' · 

*298. Record of deep-well drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 

1906. 299 pp. 25c. 

Bulletins 264 and 298 discuss the importance of accurate well records to the driller, to owners 

of oil, gas, and water wells, and to the geologist; describes the general methods of work; gives 

tabulated records of wells by States, and detailed records selected as afiording valuable stratigraphic information. 

*319. ·Summary of the controlling conditions of artesian flows, by Myron L. Fuller, 

1908. 10c. 

Describes underground reservoirs, the sources of underground waters, the confining agents, 

the primary and modifying factors of artesian circulation, the essential and modifying factors of 

artesian fiow, and typical artesian systems. 

479. The geochemical interpretation of water analyses, by Chase Palmer. 1911. 

31 pp. 5c. 

Discusses the expression of chemical analyses, the chemical character of water and the properties of natural waters; gives a classification of waters based on property values and reacting values, and discusses the character of the waters of certain rivers as interpreted directly from the 

results of analyses; discusses also the relation of water properties to geologic formations, silica In 

river water, and the character of the water of the Mississippi and the Great Lakes and St, Lawrence River as indicated by chemical analyses. · 
INDEX BY AREAS AND SUBJECTS. 

(A=Annnal Reporm; M=Monograph; B=Bulletin; P=Professional Paper; W=Water-Supply Paper; 

G F=Geologic folio.] · 

Alaska: Surface waters ...•... : .....•.......... : ................ W 196,218,228,314 

'Artesian waters: Essential conditions ........................ A 5; B 319; W 67, 1i4 

Bibliographies 1 •••••••• • •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , •••• ~ • • W 119, 120, 163; 280 

Chemical analyses: 2 Methods and interpretation ......... W 151, 236, 259, 274; B 479 

Conservation •.•••.••. : . ...•.•..........................•...............•. W 234 

Cuba: Surface, underground, and quality of waters ..............•.•.•.•...•. W 110 

Denudation ••........•.................................•.•.... :.......... P 72 

Engineering methods •••......................................•...... :.... W 1, 

3,8,20,41,42,43,56,64,93,94,95,110,143,146,150,180,187,200,257,337 

Floods .•.•.......•...... ' .............................. W 40, 92, 96,147,162,334 

Hawaiian Islands: Surface waters .................................. W 77,318,336 

Illinois: Quality of waters ............ , ........... A 17 ii; W 194,236, 239; G F 81 

Surface waters ••••••••............................. A 17 ii; W 236, 239; G F 81 

Underground waters ................ A 17 ii; B 264, 298; W 57, 114, 149; G F 81 

India: Irrigation .................................................... A 12; W 87 

Indiana: Qualityofwaters •.........................•......... A18iv; W236,254 

Surfacewaters ..•.....•................................ W147; Mxli; G F81 

Underground waters ...•.. A 18 iv; B 264, 298; W 21, 26, 57, 114, 149, 254; G F 81 

Ice measurements: .......................•...................•.•. W 146,187,337 

Irrigation, general. ........•••..••.•.....• A 12 ii, 13 iii; W 20, 22, 41, 42, 87, 93, 146 

Legal aspects: Surface waters ......•....................••.•.•.... W 103,152, 238 

Underground waters .••.••....................•................•....... W 122 

Michigan: Quality of waters •.................. W 30, 31,102, 182, 183, 236; G F 155 

Surface waters.......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 30, 147, 162; G F 155 

Underground waters. B264,298; W30, 31, 57,102,114,145,149,160,182, 183;G F155 

Mineralsprings: Analyses ••.••...•........ : ......................... A 14 ii; B 32 

Origin, distribution, etc ......•...........................•........... ·A 14 ii 

Lists ................................ ·-·-r······················ B32; W114 

Minnesota: Quality of waters .••........................................ W 193,236 

Surface waters •••.• : ............................. ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 162, 193 

Underground waters •.•.•.......•............ B 264, 298; W 57, 102, 114, 149, 256 

Motions of ground waters .•...................... A 19 ii; B 319; W 67,110,140,155 

New York: Quality of waters ............................. W 144,145, 236; G F 169 

Surface waters ................... M xli; W 24, 25, 76, 80,147,162, 187; G F 169 

Underground waters ....... B 264, 298; W 61, 102, 110, 114, 145, 149, 155; G F 169 

Nicaragua: Surface waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . A 20 iv, 22 iv 

Ohio: Quality of waters ............................ A 18iv, 19 iv; W 179,236,259 

Surface waters ..•.......................................•. M xli; W 91, 162 

Underground waters ................. A 18 iv, 19 iv; B 264, 298; W 91, 114, 149 

Panama: Surface waters ...... :.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A 22 iv 

Pennsylvania: Surface waters ......................................... W 147, 162 

Underground waters •........................... B 264, 298; W 110,114,145,149 

1 Many of the reporm contain brief subject bibliographies. See abstracts. 

s Many analyses of river, spring, and well waters are scattered through publloations, as noted In abstracts. 

XVII 
XVIII STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

Pollution: By industrial wastes ..•............•........... W 179, 186, 189, 226, 235. 

By sewage ................................................... · .. W 72, 79,194 

Laws forbidding ...•.....•.•....................................... W 193,152 

Indices oL....... . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 144, 160 

Porto Rico: Surface waters and irrigation ........•......................•••. W 32 

Profiles of rlvers ..•.•.......................•...................... , . . . . W 44, 115 

River profiles •..•••. ~.- ................................................. W 44,115. 

Sanitation; quality of waters; pollution; sewage irrigation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . W 3, 

22, 72, 79, 103, 110, 113, 114, 121, l44, 145, 152, 160, 179. 

185,186,189,192,194,198,226,229,235,236,255,258,315 

Sewage disposal and purification.................... . . . . W 3, 22, 72, 113, 185, 194, 229 

Underground waters: Legal aspects ........ , .............. :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . W 122 

Methods of utilization ......................................... W 114,255,257 

Pollution· •••••• ·.... .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. . .. . .. .. . . .. . .. .. . . . .. W 110, 145, 160, 258 

Vermont: Quality of waters ........................................... -w 144,236 

Surface waters....... . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . W 187 

Underground waters ..................................... : . W 102, 110, 114, 149 

Windmill papers •....................................... ~ ...... W 8, 20,29,41,42 

Wisconsin: Quality of waters ...........................................• G F 140 

Surface waters ............................................... W 156; G F 140 

Underground waters................. . . B 264, 298; W 61, 114, 145, 149; G F 140 
INDEX OF STREAMS. 

· Auglaize River ...•................ 

Au Sable River, Michigan ..... , .. 

Au Sable River, New York ...... . 

Beaver Bay River, Minnesota .... . 

Beaver River, New York ........ . 

Big Chazy River ................ . 

Black River, New York .......... . 

Black River, Ohio .............. . 

Blai).chard River ................ . 

Boardman River ................. . 

Bog River ....................... . 

Boquet River .................... . 

Brule River .................... . 

Canadice Lake outlet ............ . 

Canaseraga Creek •...............• 

Carp River .......•............... 

Cascade River .•.................. 

Cass River ....•.....•............ 

Cattaraugus Creek ............... . 

Cayuga Lake ..•.................. 

Champlain, Lake ................ . 

Chateaugay River .... .' ........... . 

Chazy River, Big ................ . 

Chittenango Creek .............. . 

Cloquet River .................. . 

Clyde River .................... . 

Crockery Creek .................. . 

Cuyahoga River ................ . 

Dead River ..................... . 

Deer River ..................... . 

Devil Track River ............... . 

Dog River ...................... . 

East Creek ...•................... 

Escanaba River .................. . 

Fall Creek ... , .................. ,. 

Fawn River .................... . 

Fish Creek, East Branch ........ . 

Fish Creek, West Branch ........ . 

Flint River ......................• 

Fond duLac River, East Branch .. 

Fond duLac River, West Branch .. 

Fox River ...................... . 

Genesee River ................... . 

George, Lake, outlet ••..•••••.•••. 

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Grand River ..................... . 

Hemlock Lake ................... . 

46 Honeoye Creek ................. . 

43 Huron River ..................... . 

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:!4 

Iron River .................... .. 

Kalamazoo River ............... . 

Keshequa Creek ................ . 

Lamoille River .......... -....... . 

Little Tonawanda Creek ......... . 

Little Wolf River ................ . 

46 Manistee River ...•.............. 

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Maumee River .................. .. 

Menominee River ............... . 

Mettawee River ................. . 

Missisquoi River ................. . 

43 Moose River .................... .. 

43 Moose River, Middle Branch ..... . 

44 Muskegon River ................ . 

45 Oconto River ........•........... , 

45 Oneida River .................. .. 

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Onondaga Lake outlet ............ . 

Ontonagon River ............... . 

Orwell Brook ....•............... 

Oswegatchie River ........•....... 

Oswego River ................... . 

Ottawa River ................... . 

Otter Creek ..................... . 

45 Owasco outlet .................... . 

43 Peshtigo River .................. . 

46 Poplar River ................... .. 

43 Poultney River .................. . 

46 Raquette River ....... _ ......... . 

46 Red Cedar River ................ . 

44 Reeds Springs ................. .. 

45 Richelieu River ................. . 

44 Rifle River ...................... . 

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St. Joseph River, Indiana ....... . 

St. Joseph River, Michigan ...... . 

St. Louis River ................. . 

St. Marys River .........•........ 

St. Regis River ..............•... 

Salmon River ................... . 

Sandusky River ................. . 

Saranac River .••••.••••......... 

XIX 

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XX STREAM-GAGING STATIONS, ETC., 1885-1913. 

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Seneca Lake............. . . . . . . . . . 45 Tonawanda Creek, Little ......... . 

Seneca River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Whiteface River ................. . 

Shiawassee River. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Winooski River .................. . 

Skaneateles Lake.................. 45 Winooski River, Worcester Branch 

Skaneateles Lake outlet.......... . 45 Wolf River ...................... . 

Thunder Bay River........... . . . . 44 Wolf River, Little ................ . 

Tiffin River....... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Wolf River, West Branch ........ . 

Tittabawassee River............... 44 Worcester Branch Winooski River. 

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