Truck Fuel Economy Standards Hearing in Long Beach Date: 

### T uesday, August 18, 2015 My name is Charles Irvin Drew . f am testify ing as c itizen and a scient ist. I have a Ph.D in chem istry . 

## r am a professor emeritus of chemistry. Therefore I approach these truck standards from a scient ific perspective. My points are as follows: We have to realize that foss il fuels burned today have been buried underground for 200 to 250 million years . The ene r gy from petrol eum that we use today and drives our economy, comes from ancient sunlight tied up in chem ical bonds. I call it buried sunshine. Much of the energy is stored in bonds between carbon atoms. Oil production has brought petroleum and thus the carbon to the surface. Burning petroleum puts the anc ient buried carbon in the air in the fonn of carbon dioxide. We are thus changing the climate a nd chang ing the earth dramatically and radically. Simple chemical mathematics shows that a gaso line engine that burns I I0 gallon s of fuel produces one ton of C0 2 gases*. Because of a s li ght difference in density a diesel engine produce s one ton of carbon dioxide burning 100 gallon s of fuel. The majority (over 50%) of that C0 2 gas goes into the Atmosphe r e and abso rb s energy that cannot escape the eart h 's atmosphere . This is what creates g lobal warming. The rest of the C02 gas will be absorbed by the oceans increasing the ocean acidity. The molecules of C02 that entert the atmosphere will stay in the atmosphere warm ing the earth for about 500 years, or about 25 gene r ations. The wanning of our atmosphere is leading to horri fic consequ ences for humans , s uch as sea level rise , stronger sto rm s, and changes in precipitation that lead to flooding in some areas and drought in ot h ers. The remainder of the carbo n d iox ide that enters the oceans as a gas combines with water to form carbon ic acid . This is increasing the ac idi ty ofthe oceans on a g loba l scale . Bad news fo r the coral and other aquatic and marine life The carbon emiss ion s of a n 18 wheel Tractor Trailer that gets 6 mpg are enormous . Follow through on this for a minute ifyou wi ll. A lo aded 18 w heel Tractor Tra il er weighs about 40 tons and with a fue l consumption of6 miles per gallon, will produce 3.73 lbs of C02 every mile it goes down the road. Many rigs are driven 200,000 miles a year (with two drivers). That one tractor trailer, going that distance, will produce 373 tons of C02 PER YEA R. That is over nine tim es the weight of the loaded truck itself (based on a 40 ton loaded tracker trai ler)! Strengthen in g the fuel economy standards will reduce not on ly em issions, but also cos ts. The annual fue l co ns ump tio n for thatl8 wheel Tractor trailer driven 200,000 miles with 6 mpg , is 33,333 gall ons . That fue l costs (at $4 .00 per gallon) $ 13 3,333 per year. The Union of Co n cerned Sc ientists is recommend ing stand ards that l ead to a forty percent reduction in fuel use by new trucks by 2025. Ach ievi ng this target would cut carbon emissions by 150 tons of C02 per rig per year, and cut fuel costs by $53,000 per rig per year. These are huge sav ings in both cost and in carbon emiss ion s that we must achieve in order to slow global warming. Therefore, I urge the members of this hearing committee to incorporate the Union of Concerned Scientists recommendations for fuel economy standards for trucks . Every effort to s low the burning of carbon buys us more time to create a sustainable g lobal ecological system. *See Calculations sheet attached

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