EXHIBIT A


 


CLASS ___ COMMON STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT


 


__________


 





	Warrant Shares: _______	 	Initial Exercise Date: _______, 2012










 


THIS CLASS ___ COMMON
STOCK PURCHASE WARRANT (the “Warrant”) certifies that, for value received, _____________ or its assigns (the
“Holder”) is entitled, upon the terms and subject to the limitations on exercise and the conditions hereinafter
set forth, at any time on or after the date hereof (the “Initial Exercise Date”) and on or prior to the close
of business on ______________1 (the “Termination Date”) but not thereafter, to subscribe for and
purchase from Novelos Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), up to ______ shares (as subject
to adjustment hereunder, the “Warrant Shares”) of the common stock, par value $0.00001 per share, of the Company
(the “Common Stock”). The purchase price of one share of Common Stock under this Warrant shall be equal to the Exercise
Price, as defined in Section 2(b).


 


Section 1.      Definitions.
Capitalized terms used and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in that certain Securities Purchase
Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), dated June 7, 2012, among the Company and the purchasers signatory thereto.


 


Section 2.       Exercise.


 


a)     Exercise
of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant may be made, in whole or in part, at any time or times on or after the Initial
Exercise Date and on or before the Termination Date by delivery to the Company (or such other office or agency of the Company as
it may designate by notice in writing to the registered Holder at the address of the Holder appearing on the books of the Company)
of a duly executed facsimile copy of the Notice of Exercise Form annexed hereto. Within three (3) Trading Days following the date
of exercise as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver the aggregate Exercise Price for the shares specified in the applicable Notice
of Exercise by wire transfer or cashier’s check drawn on a United States bank unless the cashless exercise procedure specified
in Section 2(c) below is required in connection with the applicable Notice of Exercise. Notwithstanding anything herein to the
contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all
of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender
this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date the final Notice of Exercise is delivered
to the Company. Partial exercises of this Warrant resulting in purchases of a portion of the total number of Warrant Shares available
hereunder shall have the effect of lowering the outstanding number of Warrant Shares purchasable hereunder in an amount equal to
the applicable number of Warrant Shares purchased. The Holder and the Company shall maintain records showing the number of Warrant
Shares purchased and the date of such purchases. The Company shall deliver any objection to any Notice of Exercise Form within
one (1) Business Day of receipt of such notice. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Warrant, acknowledge and
agree that, by reason of the provisions of this paragraph, following the purchase of a portion of the Warrant Shares hereunder,
the number of Warrant Shares available for purchase hereunder at any given time may be less than the amount stated on the face
hereof. “Trading Day” and “Trading Market” shall have the meaning ascribed to such terms in the Purchase
Agreement.


 


 









1
Insert 5 year anniversary of closing for Class A and 90th day following closing for Class B warrants. 


 



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b)           Exercise
Price. The exercise price per share of the Common Stock under this Warrant shall be $_____2, subject to
adjustment hereunder (the “Exercise Price”).


 


c)           Cashless
Exercise. If at the time of exercise hereof there is no effective registration statement registering, or the prospectus contained
therein is not available for the issuance of the Warrant Shares to the Holder, then this Warrant may only be exercised, in whole
or in part, at such time by means of a “cashless exercise” in which the Holder shall be entitled to receive a number
of Warrant Shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing [(A-B) (X)] by (A), where:


 


(A) = the
VWAP on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date on which Holder elects to exercise this Warrant by means of a “cashless
exercise,” as set forth in the applicable Notice of Exercise;


 


(B) = the
Exercise Price of this Warrant, as adjusted hereunder; and


 


(X) =
the number of Warrant Shares that would be issuable upon exercise of this Warrant in accordance with the terms of this Warrant
if such exercise were by means of a cash exercise rather than a cashless exercise.


 


“VWAP”
means, for any date, the price determined by the first of the following clauses that applies: (a) if the Common Stock is then listed
or quoted on a Trading Market, the daily volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding
date) on the Trading Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or quoted as reported by Bloomberg L.P. (based on a Trading
Day from 9:30 a.m. (New York City time) to 4:02 p.m. (New York City time)), (b)  if the OTC Bulletin Board is not a Trading
Market, the volume weighted average price of the Common Stock for such date (or the nearest preceding date) on the OTC Bulletin
Board, (c) if prices for the Common Stock are then reported in the “Pink Sheets” published by Pink OTC Markets, Inc.
(or a similar organization or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), the most recent bid price per share of the
Common Stock so reported, or (d) in all other cases, the fair market value of a share of Common Stock as determined by an
independent appraiser selected in good faith by the Company and reasonably acceptable to the Holder, the fees and expenses of which
shall be paid by the Company.


 





 



 2
Insert $1.25 for Class A and $1.00 for Class B 


 



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d)           Mechanics
of Exercise.


 


i.            Delivery
of Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. The Company shall use best efforts to cause the Warrant Shares purchased hereunder to be transmitted
by the Company’s transfer agent to the Holder by crediting the account of the Holder’s prime broker with The Depository
Trust Company through its Deposit or Withdrawal at Custodian system (“DWAC”) if the Company is then a participant
in such system and either (A) there is an effective registration statement permitting the issuance of the Warrant Shares to or
resale of the Warrant Shares by Holder or (B) this Warrant is being exercised via cashless exercise and the Holder is not then
an Affiliate of the Company, and otherwise by physical delivery to the address specified by the Holder in the Notice of Exercise
by the date that is three (3) Trading Days after the latest of (A) the delivery to the Company of the Notice of Exercise, (B) surrender
of this Warrant (if required) and (C) payment of the aggregate Exercise Price as set forth above (including by cashless exercise,
if permitted) (such date, the “Warrant Share Delivery Date”). The Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have been
issued, and Holder or any other person so designated to be named therein shall be deemed to have become a holder of record of such
shares for all purposes, as of the date the Warrant has been exercised, with payment to the Company of the Exercise Price (or by
cashless exercise, if permitted) and all taxes required to be paid by the Holder, if any, pursuant to Section 2(d)(vi) prior to
the issuance of such shares, having been paid.


 


“Affiliate”
means, with respect to any Person, any other Person which directly or indirectly Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common
Control with, such Person.


 


“Control”
means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person,
whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.


 


“Person”
means an individual, corporation, partnership, limited liability company, trust, business trust, association, joint stock company,
joint venture, sole proprietorship, unincorporated organization, governmental authority or any other form of entity not specifically
listed herein.


 


ii.         Delivery
of New Warrants Upon Exercise. If this Warrant shall have been exercised in part, the Company shall, at the request of a Holder
and upon surrender of this Warrant certificate, at the time of delivery of the Warrant Shares, deliver to the Holder a new Warrant
evidencing the rights of the Holder to purchase the unpurchased Warrant Shares called for by this Warrant, which new Warrant shall
in all other respects be identical with this Warrant.


 



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iii.         Rescission
Rights. If the Company fails to cause the Company’s transfer agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant
to Section 2(d)(i) by the Warrant Share Delivery Date, then the Holder will have the right to rescind such exercise.


 


iv.         Compensation
for Buy-In on Failure to Timely Deliver Warrant Shares Upon Exercise. In addition to any other rights available to the Holder,
if the Company fails to cause the Company’s transfer agent to transmit to the Holder the Warrant Shares pursuant to an exercise
on or before the Warrant Share Delivery Date, and if after such date the Holder is required by its broker to purchase (in an open
market transaction or otherwise) or the Holder’s brokerage firm otherwise purchases, shares of Common Stock to deliver in
satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of the Warrant Shares which the Holder anticipated receiving upon such exercise (a “Buy-In”),
then the Company shall (A) pay in cash to the Holder the amount, if any, by which (x) the Holder’s total purchase price (including
brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased exceeds (y) the amount obtained by multiplying (1) the
number of Warrant Shares that the Company was required to deliver to the Holder in connection with the exercise at issue times
(2) the price at which the sell order giving rise to such purchase obligation was executed, and (B) at the option of the Holder,
either reinstate the portion of the Warrant and equivalent number of Warrant Shares for which such exercise was not honored (in
which case such exercise shall be deemed rescinded) or deliver to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock that would have
been issued had the Company timely complied with its exercise and delivery obligations hereunder. For example, if the Holder purchases
Common Stock having a total purchase price of $11,000 to cover a Buy-In with respect to an attempted exercise of shares of Common
Stock with an aggregate sale price giving rise to such purchase obligation of $10,000, under clause (A) of the immediately preceding
sentence the Company shall be required to pay the Holder $1,000. The Holder shall provide the Company written notice indicating
the amounts payable to the Holder in respect of the Buy-In and, upon request of the Company, evidence of the amount of such loss.
Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including,
without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely
deliver shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.


 


v.           No
Fractional Shares or Scrip. No fractional shares or scrip representing fractional shares shall be issued upon the exercise
of this Warrant. As to any fraction of a share which the Holder would otherwise be entitled to purchase upon such exercise, the
Company shall, at its election, either pay a cash adjustment in respect of such final fraction in an amount equal to such fraction
multiplied by the Exercise Price or round up to the next whole share.


 



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vi.         Charges,
Taxes and Expenses. Issuance of Warrant Shares shall be made without charge to the Holder for any issue or transfer tax or
other incidental expense in respect of the issuance of such Warrant Shares, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by the
Company, and such Warrant Shares shall be issued in the name of the Holder or in such name or names as may be directed by the Holder;
provided, however, that in the event Warrant Shares are to be issued in a name other than the name of the Holder,
this Warrant when surrendered for exercise shall be accompanied by the Assignment Form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder
and the Company may require, as a condition thereto, the payment of a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any transfer tax incidental
thereto. The Company shall pay all of the Company’s transfer agent fees required for same-day processing of any Notice of
Exercise.


 


vii.         Closing
of Books. The Company will not close its stockholder books or records in any manner which prevents the timely exercise of this
Warrant, pursuant to the terms hereof.


 



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e)           Holder’s
Exercise Limitations. The Company shall not effect any exercise of this Warrant, and a Holder shall not have the right to exercise
any portion of this Warrant, pursuant to Section 2 or otherwise, to the extent that after giving effect to such issuance after
exercise as set forth on the applicable Notice of Exercise, the Holder (together with the Holder’s Affiliates, and any other
Persons acting as a group together with the Holder or any of the Holder’s Affiliates), would beneficially own in excess of
the Beneficial Ownership Limitation (as defined below).  For purposes of the foregoing sentence, the number of shares of Common
Stock beneficially owned by the Holder and its Affiliates shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise
of this Warrant with respect to which such determination is being made, but shall exclude the number of shares of Common Stock
which would be issuable upon (i) exercise of the remaining, nonexercised portion of this Warrant beneficially owned by the Holder
or any of its Affiliates and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or nonconverted portion of any other securities of
the Company (including, without limitation, any other Common Stock Equivalents) subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise
analogous to the limitation contained herein beneficially owned by the Holder or any of its Affiliates.  Except as set forth
in the preceding sentence, for purposes of this Section 2(e), beneficial ownership shall be calculated in accordance with Section
13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, it being acknowledged by the Holder that the Company
is not representing to the Holder that such calculation is in compliance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the Holder
is solely responsible for any schedules required to be filed in accordance therewith. To the extent that the limitation contained
in this Section 2(e) applies, the determination of whether this Warrant is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by
the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this Warrant is exercisable shall be in the sole discretion of
the Holder, and the submission of a Notice of Exercise shall be deemed to be the Holder’s determination of whether this Warrant
is exercisable (in relation to other securities owned by the Holder together with any Affiliates) and of which portion of this
Warrant is exercisable, in each case subject to the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, and the Company shall have no obligation to
verify or confirm the accuracy of such determination. In addition, a determination as to any group status as contemplated above
shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
For purposes of this Section 2(e), in determining the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Holder may rely on the number
of outstanding shares of Common Stock as reflected in (A) the Company’s most recent periodic or annual report filed with
the Securities and Exchange Commission, as the case may be, (B) a more recent public announcement by the Company or (C) a more
recent written notice by the Company or the Company’s transfer agent setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding. 
Upon the written or oral request of a Holder, the Company shall within two Trading Days confirm orally and in writing to the Holder
the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding.  In any case, the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock shall
be determined after giving effect to the conversion or exercise of securities of the Company, including this Warrant, by the Holder
or its Affiliates since the date as of which such number of outstanding shares of Common Stock was reported. [The “Beneficial
Ownership Limitation” shall be 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving
effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’
prior notice to the Company, may increase or decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation provisions of this Section 2(e), provided
that the Beneficial Ownership Limitation in no event exceeds 9.99% of the number of shares of the Common Stock outstanding immediately
after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of this Warrant held by the Holder and the provisions
of this Section 2(e) shall continue to apply. Any such increase or decrease will not be effective until the 61st day
after such notice is delivered to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner
otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which
may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements
necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a
successor holder of this Warrant.] [OR IF A HOLDER ELECTS A 4.9% BENE OWNERSHIP LIMIT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING IN LIEU OF 5 PRIOR
SENTENCES IN BRACKETS][ The “Beneficial Ownership Limitation” shall be 4.99% of the number of shares of the
Common Stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to the issuance of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this
Warrant. The Holder, upon not less than 61 days’ prior notice to the Company, may decrease the Beneficial Ownership Limitation
provisions of this Section 2(e). Any such decrease will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered
to the Company. The provisions of this paragraph shall be construed and implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity
with the terms of this Section 2(e) to correct this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with
the intended Beneficial Ownership Limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly
give effect to such limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor holder of this Warrant.]


 



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Section 3.           Certain
Adjustments.


 


a)         Stock
Dividends and Splits. If the Company, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding: (i) pays a stock dividend or otherwise
makes a distribution or distributions on shares of its Common Stock or any other equity or equity equivalent securities payable
in shares of Common Stock (which, for avoidance of doubt, shall not include any shares of Common Stock issued by the Company upon
exercise of this Warrant), (ii) subdivides outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares, (iii) combines (including
by way of reverse stock split) outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, or (iv) issues by reclassification
of shares of the Common Stock any shares of capital stock of the Company, then in each case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied
by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding
immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately
after such event, and the number of shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant shall be proportionately adjusted such that the
aggregate Exercise Price of this Warrant shall remain unchanged. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 3(a) shall become
effective immediately after the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution
and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in the case of a subdivision, combination or re-classification.


 


b)           Subsequent
Rights Offerings. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 3(a) above, if at any time
the Company grants, issues or sells any Common Stock Equivalents or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property
pro rata to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the “Purchase Rights”), then the Holder
will be entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder
could have acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant
(without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately
before the date on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken,
the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase
Rights (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder’s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in
the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase
Right to such extent (or beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent)
and such Purchase Right to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto
would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).


 



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c)           Pro
Rata Distributions. During such time as this Warrant is outstanding, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other
distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital
or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of
a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a "Distribution"),
at any time after the issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution
to the same extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock
acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation,
the Beneficial Ownership Limitation) immediately before the date of which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such
record is taken, the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in
such Distribution (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder's right to participate in any such Distribution
would result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate
in such Distribution to such extent (or in the beneficial ownership of any shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution
to such extent) and the portion of such Distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if
ever, as its right thereto would not result in the Holder exceeding the Beneficial Ownership Limitation).


 



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d)           Fundamental
Transaction. If, at any time while this Warrant is outstanding, (i) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related
transactions effects any merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another Person, (ii) the Company, directly or indirectly,
effects any sale, lease, license, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of its assets
in one or a series of related transactions, (iii) any, direct or indirect, purchase offer, tender offer or exchange offer (whether
by the Company or another Person) is completed pursuant to which holders of Common Stock are permitted to sell, tender or exchange
their shares for other securities, cash or property and has been accepted by the holders of 50% or more of the outstanding Common
Stock, (iv) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions effects any reclassification, reorganization
or recapitalization of the Common Stock or any compulsory share exchange pursuant to which the Common Stock is effectively converted
into or exchanged for other securities, cash or property, or (v) the Company, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions
consummates a stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization,
recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person or group of Persons whereby such other Person or group
acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (not including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person
or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share
purchase agreement or other business combination) (each a “Fundamental Transaction”), then, upon any subsequent
exercise of this Warrant, the Holder shall have the right to receive, for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon
such exercise immediately prior to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction, at the option of the Holder (without regard
to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise of this Warrant), the number of shares of Common Stock of the successor or acquiring
corporation or of the Company, if it is the surviving corporation, and any additional consideration (the “Alternate Consideration”)
receivable as a result of such Fundamental Transaction by a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock for which this Warrant
is exercisable immediately prior to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitation in Section 2(e) on the exercise
of this Warrant). For purposes of any such exercise, the determination of the Exercise Price shall be appropriately adjusted to
apply to such Alternate Consideration based on the amount of Alternate Consideration issuable in respect of one share of Common
Stock in such Fundamental Transaction, and the Company shall apportion the Exercise Price among the Alternate Consideration in
a reasonable manner reflecting the relative value of any different components of the Alternate Consideration. If holders of Common
Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Fundamental Transaction, then the Holder
shall be given the same choice as to the Alternate Consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following such Fundamental
Transaction. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, in the event of a Fundamental Transaction that is (1) an all cash transaction,
(2) a “Rule 13e-3 transaction” as defined in Rule 13e-3 under the Exchange Act, or (3) a Fundamental Transaction involving
a person or entity not traded on a national securities exchange, including, but not limited to, the Nasdaq Global Select Market,
the Nasdaq Global Market, or the Nasdaq Capital Market, the Company or any Successor Entity (as defined below) shall, at the Holder’s
option, exercisable at any time concurrently with, or within 30 days after the consummation of the Fundamental Transaction, purchase
this Warrant from the Holder by paying to the Holder an amount of cash equal to the Black Scholes Value of the remaining
unexercised portion of this Warrant on the date of the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction. “Black Scholes Value”
means the value of this Warrant based on the Black and Scholes Option Pricing Model obtained from the “OV” function
on Bloomberg, L.P. (“Bloomberg”) determined as of the day of consummation of the applicable Fundamental Transaction
for pricing purposes and reflecting (A) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to
the time between the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date, (B) an
expected volatility equal to the greater of 100% and the 100 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg as of the
Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, (C) the underlying price per
share used in such calculation shall be the sum of the price per share being offered in cash, if any, plus the value of any non-cash
consideration, if any, being offered in such Fundamental Transaction and (D) a remaining option time equal to the time between
the date of the public announcement of the applicable Fundamental Transaction and the Termination Date. The Company shall cause
any successor entity in a Fundamental Transaction in which the Company is not the survivor (the “Successor Entity”)
to assume in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents in accordance
with the provisions of this Section 3(d) pursuant to written agreements prior to such Fundamental Transaction and shall, at the
option of the Holder, deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written
instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant which is exercisable for a corresponding number of shares
of capital stock of such Successor Entity (or its parent entity) equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable
upon exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction,
and with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account
the relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital
stock, such number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic value of
this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction). Upon the occurrence of any such Fundamental
Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of such Fundamental
Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the “Company” shall refer
instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations
of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been
named as the Company herein.


 



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e)            Calculations.
All calculations under this Section 3 shall be made to the nearest cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be.
For purposes of this Section 3, the number of shares of Common Stock deemed to be issued and outstanding as of a given date shall
be the sum of the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) issued and outstanding.


 


f)              Notice
to Holder.


 


i.            Adjustments.
Whenever the Exercise Price or the number or type of securities for which this Warrant is exercisable are adjusted pursuant to
any provision of this Section 3, the Company shall promptly mail to the Holder a notice setting forth such adjusted Exercise Price
or such number or type securities, as applicable, and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring such adjustment.


 



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ii.         Notice
to Allow Exercise by Holder. If (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution in whatever form) on the
Common Stock, (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend on or a redemption of the Common Stock, (C) the
Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares
of capital stock of any class or of any rights, (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be required in connection
with any reclassification of the Common Stock, any consolidation or merger to which the Company is a party, any sale or transfer
of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock is converted
into other securities, cash or property, or (E) the Company shall authorize the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation
or winding up of the affairs of the Company, then, in each case, the Company shall cause to be mailed to the Holder at its last
address as it shall appear upon the Warrant Register of the Company, at least 20 calendar days prior to the applicable record or
effective date hereinafter specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend,
distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of the Common
Stock of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or warrants are to be determined or (y) the
date on which such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange is expected to become effective or
close, and the date as of which it is expected that holders of the Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange their shares
of the Common Stock for securities, cash or other property deliverable upon such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale,
transfer or share exchange; provided that the failure to mail such notice or any defect therein or in the mailing thereof shall
not affect the validity of the corporate action required to be specified in such notice. To the extent that any notice provided
hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its subsidiaries, the Company
shall simultaneously file such notice with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. The
Holder shall remain entitled to exercise this Warrant during the period commencing on the date of such notice to the effective
date of the event triggering such notice except as may otherwise be expressly set forth herein.


 


Section 4.             Transfer
of Warrant.


 


a)          Transferability.
This Warrant and all rights hereunder (including, without limitation, any registration rights) are transferable, in whole or in
part, upon surrender of this Warrant at the principal office of the Company or its designated agent, together with a written assignment
of this Warrant substantially in the form attached hereto duly executed by the Holder or its agent or attorney and funds sufficient
to pay any transfer taxes payable upon the making of such transfer. Upon such surrender and, if required, such payment, the Company
shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in the name of the assignee or assignees, as applicable, and in the denomination
or denominations specified in such instrument of assignment, and shall issue to the assignor a new Warrant evidencing the portion
of this Warrant not so assigned, and this Warrant shall promptly be cancelled. The Warrant, if properly assigned in accordance
herewith, may be exercised by a new holder for the purchase of Warrant Shares without having a new Warrant issued.


 


b)          New
Warrants. This Warrant may be divided or combined with other Warrants upon presentation hereof at the aforesaid office of the
Company, together with a written notice specifying the names and denominations in which new Warrants are to be issued, signed by
the Holder or its agent or attorney. Subject to compliance with Section 4(a), as to any transfer which may be involved in such
division or combination, the Company shall execute and deliver a new Warrant or Warrants in exchange for the Warrant or Warrants
to be divided or combined in accordance with such notice. All Warrants issued on transfers or exchanges shall be dated the initial
issuance date of this Warrant and shall be identical with this Warrant except as to the number of Warrant Shares issuable pursuant
thereto.


 



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c)            Warrant
Register. The Company shall register this Warrant, upon records to be maintained by the Company for that purpose (the “Warrant
Register”), in the name of the record Holder hereof from time to time. The Company may deem and treat the registered
Holder of this Warrant as the absolute owner hereof for the purpose of any exercise hereof or any distribution to the Holder, and
for all other purposes, absent actual notice to the contrary.


 


Section 5.            Miscellaneous.


 


a)          No
Rights as Stockholder Until Exercise. This Warrant does not entitle the Holder to any voting rights, dividends or other rights
as a stockholder of the Company prior to the exercise hereof as set forth in Section 2(d)(i).


 


b)          Loss,
Theft, Destruction or Mutilation of Warrant. The Company covenants that upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably
satisfactory to it of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant or any stock certificate relating to the Warrant
Shares, and in case of loss, theft or destruction, of indemnity or security reasonably satisfactory to it (which, in the case of
the Warrant, shall not include the posting of any bond), and upon surrender and cancellation of such Warrant or stock certificate,
if mutilated, the Company will make and deliver a new Warrant or stock certificate of like tenor and dated as of such cancellation,
in lieu of such Warrant or stock certificate.


 


c)          Saturdays,
Sundays, Holidays, etc. If the last or appointed day for the taking of any action or the expiration of any right required or
granted herein shall not be a Trading Day, then, such action may be taken or such right may be exercised on the next succeeding
Trading Day.


 


d)          Authorized
Shares.


 


The Company covenants
that, during the period the Warrant is outstanding, it will reserve from its authorized and unissued Common Stock a sufficient
number of shares to provide for the issuance of the Warrant Shares upon the exercise of any purchase rights under this Warrant.
The Company further covenants that its issuance of this Warrant shall constitute full authority to its officers who are charged
with the duty of executing stock certificates to execute and issue the necessary Warrant Shares upon the exercise of the purchase
rights under this Warrant. The Company will take all such reasonable action as may be necessary to assure that such Warrant Shares
may be issued as provided herein without violation of any applicable law or regulation, or of any requirements of the Trading Market
upon which the Common Stock may be listed. The Company covenants that all Warrant Shares which may be issued upon the exercise
of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant will, upon exercise of the purchase rights represented by this Warrant and payment
for such Warrant Shares in accordance herewith, be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable and free from
all taxes, liens and charges created by the Company in respect of the issue thereof (other than taxes in respect of any transfer
occurring contemporaneously with such issue).


 



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Except and
to the extent as waived or consented to by the Holder, the Company shall not by any action, including, without limitation, amending
its certificate of incorporation or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or
sale of securities or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this
Warrant, but will at all times in good faith assist in the carrying out of all such terms and in the taking of all such actions
as may be necessary or appropriate to protect the rights of Holder as set forth in this Warrant against impairment. Without limiting
the generality of the foregoing, the Company will (i) not increase the par value of any Warrant Shares above the amount payable
therefor upon such exercise immediately prior to such increase in par value, (ii) take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate
in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable Warrant Shares upon the exercise of this Warrant
and (iii) use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such authorizations, exemptions or consents from any public regulatory
body having jurisdiction thereof, as may be, necessary to enable the Company to perform its obligations under this Warrant.


 


Before taking
any action which would result in an adjustment in the number of Warrant Shares for which this Warrant is exercisable or in the
Exercise Price, the Company shall obtain all such authorizations or exemptions thereof, or consents thereto, as may be necessary
from any public regulatory body or bodies having jurisdiction thereof.


 


e)          Governing
Law; Jurisdiction. This Warrant shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the internal laws of the State of New York,
without reference to the choice of law provisions thereof. The Company and, by accepting this Warrant, the Holder, each irrevocably
submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York located in New York County and the United States District
Court for the Southern District of New York for the purpose of any suit, action, proceeding or judgment relating to or arising
out of this Warrant and the transactions contemplated hereby. Service of process in connection with any such suit, action or proceeding
may be served on each party hereto anywhere in the world by the same methods as are specified for the giving of notices under this
Warrant. The Company and, by accepting this Warrant, the Holder, each irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of any such court
in any such suit, action or proceeding and to the laying of venue in such court. The Company and, by accepting this Warrant, the
Holder, each irrevocably waives any objection to the laying of venue of any such suit, action or proceeding brought in such courts
and irrevocably waives any claim that any such suit, action or proceeding brought in any such court has been brought in an inconvenient
forum. THE COMPANY AND THE HOLDER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING RELATING
TO OR ARISING OUT OF THIS WARRANT AND THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.


 



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f)          Nonwaiver
and Expenses. No course of dealing or any delay or failure to exercise any right hereunder on the part of Holder shall operate
as a waiver of such right or otherwise prejudice the Holder’s rights, powers or remedies. Without limiting any other provision
of this Warrant, if the Company willfully and knowingly fails to comply with any provision of this Warrant, which results in any
material damages to the Holder, the Company shall pay to the Holder such amounts as shall be sufficient to cover any costs and
expenses including, but not limited to, reasonable attorneys’ fees, including those of appellate proceedings, incurred by
the Holder in collecting any amounts due pursuant hereto or in otherwise enforcing any of its rights, powers or remedies hereunder.


 


g)         Notices.
Unless otherwise provided, any notice required or permitted under this Warrant shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively
given as hereinafter described (i) if given by personal delivery, then such notice shall be deemed given upon such delivery, (ii)
if given by telex or facsimile, then such notice shall be deemed given upon receipt of confirmation of complete transmittal, (iii)
if given by mail, then such notice shall be deemed given upon the earlier of (A) receipt of such notice by the recipient or (B)
three days after such notice is deposited in first class mail, postage prepaid, and (iv) if given by an internationally recognized
overnight air courier, then such notice shall be deemed given one day after delivery to such carrier. All notices shall be addressed
as follows: if to the Holder, at its address as set forth in the Company’s books and records and, if to the Company, at Novelos
Therapeutics, Inc., One Gateway Center, Suite 504, Newton, MA 02458, Attention: Chief Executive Officer, Fax: (617) 964-6331, or
at such other address as the Holder or the Company, as applicable, may designate by ten days’ advance written notice to the
other.


 


h)          Remedies.
The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled
to specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages would not be adequate compensation
for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant and hereby agrees to waive and not to assert
the defense in any action for specific performance that a remedy at law would be adequate.


 


i)          Successors
and Assigns. Subject to applicable securities laws, this Warrant and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby shall inure
to the benefit of and be binding upon the successors and permitted assigns of the Company and the successors and permitted assigns
of Holder. The provisions of this Warrant are intended to be for the benefit of any Holder from time to time of this Warrant and
shall be enforceable by the Holder or holder of Warrant Shares.


 


j)          Amendment.
This Warrant may be modified or amended or the provisions hereof waived with the written consent of the Company and
the Holder.


 


k)          Severability.
Wherever possible, each provision of this Warrant shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable
law, but if any provision of this Warrant shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective
to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provisions or the remaining provisions
of this Warrant.


 



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l)         Headings.
The headings used in this Warrant are for the convenience of reference only and shall not, for any purpose, be deemed a part of
this Warrant.


 


********************


 


(Signature Page Follows)


 






    	15



    	 



    
 


IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its officer thereunto duly authorized as of the date first above indicated.





 


	 	novelos
    therapeutics, inc.
	 	 	 
	 	By:	 
	 	 	Name: Harry S. Palmin
	 	 	Title: President and CEO


 



    	16



    	 



    

 


NOTICE OF EXERCISE


 


To:
      novelos therapeutics, inc. 


 


(1)    The
undersigned hereby elects to purchase ________ Warrant Shares of the Company pursuant to the terms of the attached Warrant (only
if exercised in full), and tenders herewith payment of the exercise price in full, together with all applicable transfer taxes,
if any.


 


(2)    Payment
shall take the form of (check applicable box):


 


£ in lawful money
of the United States; or


 


£   [if permitted
the cancellation of such number of Warrant Shares as is necessary, in accordance with the formula set forth in subsection 2(c),
to exercise this Warrant with respect to the maximum number of Warrant Shares purchasable pursuant to the cashless exercise procedure
set forth in subsection 2(c).


 


(3)    Please
issue said Warrant Shares in the name of the undersigned or in such other name as is specified below:


 


                                                           ___________________________________ 


  


The Warrant Shares shall be delivered to
the following DWAC Account Number:


 


                                                          ___________________________________ 


 


                                                          ___________________________________ 


 


                                                          ___________________________________ 


 


[SIGNATURE
OF HOLDER]


 


Name of Investing Entity:  _________________________________________________________________


Signature of Authorized Signatory of Investing
Entity: __________________________________________


Name of Authorized Signatory: _____________________________________________________________


Title of Authorized Signatory: ______________________________________________________________


Date: __________________________________________________________________________________


 



    	 



    	 



    

 


ASSIGNMENT FORM


 


(To assign the foregoing warrant, execute

this form and supply required information.

Do not use this form to exercise the warrant.)


 


FOR VALUE RECEIVED, [____]
all of or [_______] shares of the foregoing Warrant and all rights evidenced thereby are hereby assigned to


 


_______________________________________________
whose address is


 


_______________________________________________________________.


 


_______________________________________________________________


 


	 	 	 	Dated:  ______________, _______
	 	 	 	 	 	 
	 	Holder’s Signature:	 	_____________________________	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 	 
	 	Holder’s Address:	 	_____________________________	 	 
	 	 	 	 	 	 
	 	 	 	_____________________________	 	 


 


Signature Guaranteed: ___________________________________________


 


NOTE: The signature to this Assignment
Form must correspond with the name as it appears on the face of the Warrant, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatsoever,
and must be guaranteed by a bank or trust company. Officers of corporations and those acting in a fiduciary or other representative
capacity should file proper evidence of authority to assign the foregoing Warrant.