TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN

NO. 03-02-00194-CR

Durick Lamont Bynaum, Appellant

v.

The State of Texas, Appellee

FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF MILAM COUNTY, 20TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT

NO. 20,413-CR, HONORABLE EDWARD P. MAGRE, JUDGE PRESIDING

M E M O R A N D U M O P I N I O N

After a jury found appellant Durick Lamont Bynaum guilty of possessing less than one gram 

of cocaine, the district court assessed his punishment at two years in a state jail. Tex. Health & Safety 

Code Ann. ' 481.115(a), (b) (West Supp. 2003). Bynaum=s sole point of error is that the evidence is 

legally insufficient to sustain his conviction. We will overrule this contention and affirm.

Bynaum was the driver and only occupant of a car stopped by Cameron Police Officer Jeff 

Gogolewski for a minor traffic offense. After stopping, Bynaum immediately got out of the car and walked 

back to the officer=s vehicle. Bynaum did not have a driver=s license but properly identified himself. A 

license check disclosed that Bynaum=s license had been suspended. Gogolewski arrested Bynaum for 

driving while license suspended and placed him in the patrol car. Then, over Bynaum=s vociferous 
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objections, the officer searched Bynaum=s car. Gogolewski found a small, unlabeled bottle in the driver=s 

door pocket. Inside the bottle, the officer saw small chips of what proved to be crack cocaine.

Bynaum testified that the car he was driving belonged to his father-in-law, although it had 

been purchased by his wife and previously registered in his name. He said that he and his wife regularly 

drove the car, which was Aparked in various places.@ He did not know the last time the car was driven by 

his father-in-law. He denied knowing that the cocaine was in the car or how it came to be there. He 

acknowledged a previous conviction for cocaine possession.

Evidence is legally sufficient to support a criminal conviction if, after viewing all the evidence 

in the light most favorable to the verdict, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of 

the offense beyond a reasonable doubt. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 324 (1979); Griffin v. State, 

614 S.W.2d 155, 158-59 (Tex. Crim. App. 1981). In order to prove unlawful possession of a controlled 

substance, the State must prove that the accused exercised care, custody, control, or management of the 

substance, and that the accused knew the substance was contraband. Martin v. State, 753 S.W.2d 384, 

387 (Tex. Crim. App. 1987); Hackleman v. State, 919 S.W.2d 440, 444 (Tex. App.CAustin 1996, pet. 

ref=d, untimely filed). A shorthand way of expressing the State=s burden of proof is to say that the accused 

must be affirmatively linked to the contraband. Brown v. State, 911 S.W.2d 744, 747 (Tex. Crim. App. 

1995). It does not matter whether this link is proved by direct or circumstantial evidence. Id.

Bynaum points to several possible affirmative links that are not present in this case: he did 

not flee from the officer, he was not the only person with access to the car, the cocaine was not in plain 

view, his fingerprints were not shown to be on the bottle, he was not shown to be intoxicated, and he did 
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not have cocaine on his person. There was, however, considerable evidence linking Bynaum to the cocaine. 

 He was alone in the car in which the cocaine was found. The bottle containing the cocaine was in the 

driver=s side door and easily accessible to him. Although the car was registered to Bynaum=s father-in-law, 

it had been purchased by his wife and was regularly used by both of them; indeed, he testified that it was 

their sole transportation. When stopped, Bynaum immediately got out of the car and walked to the officer=s 

vehicle, from which the jury could infer that he did not want the officer to approach his car. The jury also 

heard the testimony regarding Bynaum=s strong objections to the search of the car incident to his arrest, and 

knew that he had a previous conviction for possession of cocaine.1 Viewing this evidence in the light most 

favorable to the verdict, we hold that a rational trier of fact could find that Bynaum knowingly possessed the 

cocaine.

Although he does not bring forward a point of error challenging the factual sufficiency of the 

evidence, some of Bynaum=s arguments seem to raise the issue. Viewing the evidence neutrally, and 

considering the possibility of alternative hypotheses other than Bynaum=s guilt, we conclude that the proof of 

guilt is neither so obviously weak nor so greatly outweighed by contrary proof as to undermine confidence in 

the jury=s determination. See Johnson v. State, 23 S.W.3d 1, 11 (Tex. Crim. App. 2000).

 

 

1

 No limiting instruction regarding the previous conviction was requested or given.
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We overrule Bynaum=s challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence and affirm the judgment 

of conviction.

 

Bea Ann Smith, Justice

Before Justices Kidd, B. A. Smith and Yeakel

Affirmed

Filed: April 10, 2003

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