UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOF 

Harold L. Ickes, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

W. C. Mendenhall, Director

Water-Supply Paper 907

WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE

IN OBSERVATION WELLS IN THE

UNITED STATES IN 19^0

PART 2. SOUTHEASTERN

BY

O. E. MEINZER, L. K.

and others - '*»

- b

-O ^R

tf» -'" &

Prepared in cooperation with the States of 

ALABAMA, FLORIDA, GEORGIA, MARYLAI 

NORTH CAROLINA, SOUTH CAROLINA,

and VIRGINIA, the DISTRICT OF COLUMsik 

and other agencies J y-*

3 O)

y

UNITED STATES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 1942

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C, ....... Price 20 cents
CONTENTS

	Page 

Introduction, by 0. E. Melnzer and L. K. Wenzel..................... 1

Alabama, by C. W. Carlston.......................................... 5

District of Columbia, by V. C. Flshel............................... 7

Florida............................................................. 11

Northeastern Florida, by E. H. Cooper, Jr...................... 11

West Florida, by E. H. Cooper, Jr.............................. 19

Central Florida, by H. H. Cooper, Jr........................... ' 23

Southeastern Florida, by W. P. Cross........................... 26

Georgia, by M. A. Warren and A. C. Munyan........................... 35

Maryland............................................................ 56

Montgomery County, by A. H. Horton............................. 56

Prince Georges County, by V. C. Fishel......................... 57

Mississippi, by V. M. Foster and 0. F. Brown........................ 59

North Carolina....................................................... 69

State-wide project, by E. D. Burchard.......................... 69

Forsyth, Quilford, and Randolph Counties (Deep River area),

by V. C. Fishel.............................................. 74

Elizabeth City area, by A. G. Fiedler.......................... 82

South Carolina...................................................... 87

Greenville and Spartanburg Counties (Tiger River area of

Soil Conservation Service), by V. C. Fishel.................. 87

Tennessee............................................................ 92

Memphis, by F. H. Klaer, Jr.................................... 92

Virginia............................................................ 102

Northern Virginia, by V. C. Fishel............................. 102

Southeastern Virginia, by D. J. Cederstrom..................... 112

ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1. Outline map of the United States, showing sections 

of the country covered by the six water-supply 

papers on water levels and artesian pressure in 

observation wells in 1940.............................. 3

Zi Graphs showing fluctuations of water level in w»ll 

S-1A at Miami Springs, Fla., and precipitation 

and monthly pumpage at HIaleah water plant............. 27

3. Graphs showing pumpage from wells in the vicinity

of Savannah, Ga., in 1940.............................. 36

4. Map showing plezometric surface of artesian wafr^r 

lii November, 1940, and location of observation 

wells in Chatham County, Ga............................ 38

5. Average water levels In wells in the Deep River 

area, N. C., and cumulative departure from 

nprmal precipitation from 1934 to 1940 at 

High Point, N. C....................................... 75

6. Average water levels in wells in Greenville and 

Spartanburg Counties, S. C., and cumulative 

departure from normal precipitation at 

Spartanburg, S. C...................................... 88

III
IV ILLUSTRATIONS

Page 

Figure 7. Graph showing fluctuation of water level in Central

Avenue well, Memphis, Term., 1932 to 1940.............. 94

8. Graphs showing fluctuations of water level in wells

in northern Virginia, near Washington, D. C............ 103

9. Graphs showing fluctuations of water level in a well 

near Petersburg, Va., and precipitation at 

Richmond, Va........................................... 113
INTRODUCTION 

By 0. E. Meinzer and L. K. Wenzel

The rock formations of the earth are great natural underground reservoirs in which a part of the water derived from rain and snow is stored 

to supply wells and springs and to maintain the flow of streams during 

periods of fair weather. Water levels, in wells register the stages of 

these natural reservoirs; they show the extent to which water supplies 

are depleted by drought or by heavy pumping for public waterworks, for 

irrigation, or for industrial uses and the extent to which they are replenished in seasons of abundant rainfall or melting snow. The changes 

in pressure recorded on flowing wells may indicate depletion or replenishment of the artesian reservoirs.

The regular publication of records of water levels and artesian 

pressure in the United States was begun by the Geological Surrey in 1935, 

and from that year through 1939 one volume containing these data was published each year. The volumes were issued as Water-Supply Papers 777, 

817, 840, 845, and 886. This series of reports is in a sense an inventory, 

year by year, of the ground-water supplies of those parts of the country 

that it covers. The number of observation wells and the quantity of 

records on water levels and artesian pressure obtained from them have increased gradually from year to year. As a result it has been deemed advisable to publish the records for 1940 in six volumes, each volume 

containing records for one of the sections into which the United States 

has been divided. (See fig. 1.) The present volume covers the southeastern section and gives records of water level or artesian pressure in 

about 300 observation wells in Alabama, District of Columbia, Florida, 

Georgia, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, 

and Virginia, that were obtained by the Geological Survey and cooperating 

agencies. About 46 of these wells are equipped with automatic water-stage 

recorders. For some wells for which records had not heretofore been published complete records of water levels are given in this report, including those for years before 1940. For wells whose previous records have 

been published, however, this volume gives only current records. If complete descriptions of the wells were given in one of the previous reports, 

only the well numbers or the well numbers and brief identifying descriptions are given in this report. The report includes about 6,400 individual measurements of water level or artesian pressure.

1
2 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

The water levels In this report are given with reference to datum 

planes of different kinds. Some are given in depth below the measuring 

point that is, below the recognized reference mark, at or near the top 

of the well, from which the depth to water level Is usually ireasured; and 

some are given in height above an assumed datum plane. As the measuring 

points on some of the wells were changed in 1940, the records may not be 

directly comparable with those in previous annual volumes, bt~*. changes 

In measuring points are recorded In this report. Water levels given in 

height above sea level or above assumed datum planes are generally comparable with those given in the previous volumes. Unless otherwise stated, 

the depth of wells Is usually the measured depth below the measuring 

point.

Acknowledgments for effective services in the preparation of_thls 

report are due Mrs. Charlotte P. Berger and Misses Dorothy M. Ireland 

and Brmelinda Mattera, who typed the offset copy; and to Hodr^y Hart, 

who prepared many of the Illustrations and gave other assistance in preparing the copy.

GENERAL SUMMARY OF CHANGES IN GROUND-WATER LEVEL IN J.940 

IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF THE UNITED STATES

The precipitation in Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, and 

Virginia was above normal in 1940, whereas in Alabama, DistrJct of 

Columbia, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, and Tennessee it was below 

normal. The fluctuations of water levels and artesian preasvre In all 

wells, however, did not reflect these moisture conditions. TDae fluctuations of water levels and artesian pressure in wells depend i^oon many 

complex factors, such as the distribution and amount of the precipitation, 

location of the outcrop areas of the formations, permeability and specific 

yield of the water-bearing materials, depth of the water table below the 

land surface, and the proximity of the wells to areas of heavy withdrawals. 

Consequently, it is usually not possible to find a simple relation between 

the changes in water level or artesian pressure and the departures from 

normal precipitation. The fluctuations that occur in each well, or group 

or similar wells, must be studied separately in order to evaluate the 

effects of the many Influencing factors. It is not ordinarily possible 

to make general statements regarding changes in ground-water levels that 

apply over large areas. The following paragraphs are taken chiefly from
INTRODUCTION

Figure 1. Outline map of the United States, showing sections of the 

country covered by the six water-supply papers on water levels and 

artesian pressure In observation wells In 1940. The shaded section 

represents the part of the country covered by this volume.

the Interpretive texts of the several State sections in this volume. They 

summarize very briefly the changes in ground-water levels or artesian 

pressure that occurred In 1940 in the parts of the underground reservoirs 

in the southeastern States that the wells tap.

Florida. Observations on two wells in central Florida, in Marion and 

Seminole Counties, show that the artesian pressure in the wells declined 

slightly In 1940.

In southeastern Florida, in Bade and Broward Counties, watrr levels 

in wells were generally normal during 1940. The lowest stages of the year 

were reached in May, just prior to heavy rains in May and June. Heavy 

rains In September produced the highest water levels in four yerrs. Water 

levels were about 0.2 foot to 0.5 foot higher on December 31, 1P40, than 

on December 31, 1939.
4 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Georgia. Artesian water levels in wells ending in the Ocala limestone, the principal aquifer in the coastal area, declined generally 

during 1940. The decline was greatest in Savannah and in ths neighboring industrial area, where from November 1939 to November 1940, the water 

levels in wells declined from 9 to 13 feet. The declines were caused 

mainly by an increase in the pumpage in the industrial areas of Savannah.

Throughout Bryan, Liberty, Mclntosh, Glynn, Camden, and TSayne 

Counties, the decline in artesian water levels in wells ending in the 

Ocala limestone ranged from 0.5 foot to 1.5 feet. This decline may have 

been caused by an increase in the discharge of artesian water or by subnormal precipitation in some parts of the areas of recharge.

Maryland. The water level in a well in Montgomery County that has 

been observed periodically since 1932, fluctuated about normally in 1940 

and no new high or low stage was reached. The water level in the well 

at the end of the year was about 1.5 feet higher than at the end of 1939.

Mississippi. In the Mississippi alluvial plain in northwestern 

Mississippi the water levels in wells in 1940 were the highest of the 

three years of record, later levels in wells tapping water in the 

"1200-foot sand" at Gulfport averaged 0.8 foot lower in 1940 than in 

1939.

North Carolina. In 1940 net declines in water level occurred in 

five key observation wells distributed over the State and net rises in 

water level occurred in three other key wells.

The average of the water levels in about 20 wells in th? Deep River 

area, near High Point, was about 1 foot higher on January 1, 1941, than 

on January 1, 1940.

Virginia. The water levels in key wells in northern Virginia 

fluctuated through about a normal range in 1940 and at the e^d of the 

year were not much changed from the stages at the end of 1939. The 

Bacon and Ross wells had an average net rise of 0.2 foot in the year 

whereas the water level in the Halls Hill School well declined 0.15 foot. 

The water level in the Glendale Farm well had a net rise of about 1.8 

feet in 1940.

The water level in a well near Petersburg declined about 0,2 foot 

in 1940.
ALABAMA.

By C. W. Carlston

The Federal Geological Survey in cooperation with, the Alabama Geological 

Survey began a study in June 1940 of the ground-water resources of the outcrop area of the Cretaceous formations of Alabama. Included in this area are 

all or parts of Autauga, Barbour, Bullock, Chilton, Crenshaw, Elmore, Greene, 

Hale, Lamar, Lee, Lowndes, Macon, Marengo, Montgomery, Parry, PioVens, Pike, 

Russell, and Sumter Counties. Field work has been completed.

The Cretaceous formations crop out in curving bands across Alabama, 

dipping south toward the Gulf and southwest and west toward the M'ssissippi 

embayment. The important aquifers of the area are the basal Tusc^loosa 

and overlying Eutaw formations, which crop out in hills along the inner 

margin of the Coastal Plain. The Selma Chalk, overlying the Euta-" formation, 

forms the peneplaned prairie lands of the Black Belt. The Black Belt, the 

most prosperous and densely populated section of the Alabama Coastal Plain, 

depends almost wholly on underground sources for water supply. Artesian 

wells in the Black Belt penetrate the Eutaw formation except where the waters 

in it are too saline, and wells tap water in the Tuscaloosa formation. North 

of the Black Belt, wells penetrate the Tuscaloosa formation and generally 

obtain water low in mineral content but in many places high in hydrogen 

sulphide and iron. Other aquifers of the Cretaceous system are the Cusseta 

and Providence Sands and the Blufftown formation of eastern Alabaiia and the 

Ripley formation of central and eastern Alabama.

There have been earlier studies of the ground water in the rocks of 

the Cretaceous system. Bn 1856 Winchelli/published a paper in which were 

listed 74 wells with data on depths, temperature, yield and drillers' logs. 

Later publications on ground-water in Alabama include sections in WaterSupply Papers 57-^, 10S^/, and 114i/. A detailed report by Smith§/was 

published in 1907. In 1933 Johnston-' t of the Federal Geological Survey, 

reported on ground water in the Paleozoic rocks of northern Alaba-na. This 

report includes a discussion of Cretaceous ground water in counties where 

both Paleozoic and Cretaceous formations crop out.

I/ Winchell, A. N. Statistics of some artesian wells in Alabama: 

Am. Assoc. Advancement Sci. 10th meeting, 1856, pp. 94-103, 1857.

2/ Darton, N. H., Preliminary list of deep borings in the United 

States, Part 1, Alabama-Montana: IT. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 

57, pp. 10, 11, 1902.

3/ Smith, E. A., Alabama: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 102, 

. 276-331, 1904.

4/ Smith, E. A. Alabama: IT. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 114, 

. 154-170, 1905.

5/ Smith, E. A., The underground water resources of Alabama: Alabama 

Geol. Survey, 388 pp., 1907.

6/ Johnston, W. D., Jr., Ground water in the Paleozoic rocks of northern 

Alabama: Alabama Geol. Survey Special Kept. 16, 414 pp., 1933.

PP 

PP
6 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

The present study leads to the conclusion that over the Cretaceous 

area, except in a few areas, there has been a general decline In artesian 

water levels in the last 40 years. The few exceptions are areas where 

only a very few wells have been drilled In the period. The greatest 

decline in water level in the Cretaceous rocks has occurred at Montgomery 

where artesian head has dropped from a reported altitude of 20 to 40 feet 

above the land surface prior to 1899, to a present level of more than 100 

feet below the land surffcce in some of the city wells. Measurements of 

the water levels In observation wells was begun late in 1940, one well 

being set up In October, two in November, and one in December.

Qreene County

16. W. P. Bell. Bollgee, old mill house lot, 200 feet northwest 

of station. Unused cotton mill well, diameter 4 inches, depth 560 feet. 

Measuring point, top of iron stand-pipe, 8.65 feet above lard surface. 

Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940t Oct. 17, 2.85; 

Nov. 23, 2.42; Nov. 29, 2.6; Dec. 31, 2.42.

Montgomery County

15. Owner's number 15a. City of Montgomery. Corner of Court and 

Chamber Streets, Montgomery. Drilled public supply well, diameter 8 

inches, depth 680 feet. Measuring point, top of well head, 1.0 foot 

above land surface and 165 feet above mean sea level. Well in an area 

of artesian flow prior to 1899. Reported water levels in feet below 

land surface, 1899, 20; 1913, 66. Well in area affected by pumping.

Water level, In feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Dec. 17 

20

Water 

level

110.95 

113.70

Date

Dec. 24 

26

Water 

level

111.31 

109.95

Date

Dec. 30 

31

Water 

level

113.50 

111.95

Pickens County

11. Town of Reform. Beside ball park, south of high school gymnasium, Reform. Unused swimming pool well, diameter 4 inches, depth 200 

feet. Measuring point, inner edge of spout on dismantled pitcher pump, 

2.7 feet above land surface. Water level reported to be 3 feet above 

land surface from 1924 to 1930. In 1930 a pumped well with a capacity 

of 500 gallons a minute was installed in same strata 1 mile south of 

well 11, thus causing well 11 to cease flowing. Water levels, in feet 

below measuring point: Nov. 26, 8.98; Nov. 28, 9.68.

Tuscaloosa County

60. T. D. Stewart. In small white house in lot across from T. D. 

Stewart General Store, Ralph. Domestic well, diameter 6 inches, depth 

550 feet. Measuring point, surface of concrete trough immediately adjacent to stand pipe, 2.8 feet below land surface. In special report 

116, of the Alabama Geological Survey, water level given as 6 feet above 

land surface. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Nov. 20, 

4.72; Nov. 29, 4.69.
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

By V. C. Fishel

An observation-well program was begun in the District of Columbia in 

1940 in connection with an investigation by the Geological Survey of the 

ground-water resources in the District of Columbia and vicinity. Measurements of water level were made in 7 wells in 1940. Observation on two of 

the wells (4,550 and 4,552) during the year were discontinued. A total 

of 138 individual measurements were made in 1940.

Reports on ground-water conditions in the District of Colvrabia have 

been made by Darton-'and by Clark, Mathews, and Berry '. These reports 

contain records and logs of many wells in the District and vicinity.

A few measurements of water level were made in well 3513 in 1938. 

The well is used for air-conditioning during the summer months and hence 

the water-level in the well during these months probably does not represent 

regional conditions. The water level was about 70 feet below mean sea 

level on May 23, 1938. It fluctuated through a wide range during the 

summer of 1938, but on August 1 the water level returned to th3 same stage 

as on May 23. Prom August 1 to August 8 the water level rose 18 feet but 

this rise was followed by a decline of 3 feet by August 15, wh3n the last 

measurement of the year was made. On March 27, 1940, the water level was 

30 feet below sea level. It then declined 10 feet by April 24 but recovered 22 feet by December 23. The water level on December 23, 1940, was 

52 feet higher than on May 23, 1938.

The water level in well 4,518 probably reflects normal conditions in 

the downtown area. In 1940 the water level ranged from about 18 feet to 

43 feet below mean sea level. It was 18.01 feet below mean se-? level on 

February 12. The water level in the well fluctuated within a range of 

about 4 feet during March, April, and the first half of May, b-.it starting 

about May 15 the water level began a severe decline. On September 23 the 

water level reached a stage about 25 feet lower than the stage on February 

12.

I/ Darton, N. H., Artesian well prospects in the Atlantic Coastal 

Plain region: U. S. Geol. Survey Bull. 138, 1896; Preliminary list of 

deep borings in the United States: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-S"oply Paper 

57, 1902; U. S. Geol. Survey Geol. Atlas, Washington Folio, (No. 70), 

1901.

2/ Clark, W. B., Mathews, E. B., and Berry. E. W., The surface and 

underground water resources of Maryland, including Delaware, snd District 

of Columbia: Maryland Geol. Survey, vol. 10, 1918.
8 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

The water level In well 4,542B Is affected "by the pumplr£ of a nearby 

well. The water level in the well ranged from 50.56 feet abcve mean sea 

level on February 13 to 34.93 feet above mean sea level on August 5. It 

had a net decline of 0.78 foot during the year.

The water level In well 4,549 ranged from 61.01 feet above mean sea 

level on April 23 to 43.28 feet above mean sea level on September 3. It 

was 0.84 foot lower on September 3 than on February 8.

The fluctuations of water level In well 4,550 were small in 1940 in 

comparison to those In other wells In the area. The water level ranged 

from 73.86 feet above mean sea level on May 1 to 73.01 feet above mean 

sea level on February 13.

Well 4,552, which was drilled In 1940, was abandoned because the 

yield obtained from it was small and the lower casing was re-noved. The 

part of the hole below the water level caved and measurements had to be 

discontinued.

Well 465 was used prior to November 1939 to furnish par4" of the water 

supply for St. Elizabeth's Hospital. At the time measurements were started 

on February 29 the water level was still recovering from the previous pumping. The water level continued to rise until August 5 at which time It 

was 19.73 feet higher than when measurements were started. It then declined 2.20 feet by September 23, but rose 1.95 feet by Dece-riber 30. On 

December 30 the water level was 19.48 feet higher than on February 29.

3,513. Sears, Roebuck and Company. At 911 Bladensburg Rd., N. E. 

Used air-conditioning well, depth 304 feet. Measuring point, top of 

concrete pump base, 56.21 feet above mean sea level. Measurements made 

by submerged air line method. Water level Mar. 27, 1940, 86 feet below 

measuring point. Measurements made by Albert Williams.

Water level, in feet below mean sea level, 1958, 1940

Date

May 

June

July

23, 1938 

6 

13 

20 

27 

5 

11

Water 

level

70 

43 

40 

40 

50 

45 

35

Date

July 

Aug.

Mar.

18, 1938 

25 

1 

8 

15 

27, 1940

Water 

level

55 

50 

70 

52 

55 

30

Date

Apr.

May 

Dec.

3, 1940 

17 

24 

29 

16 

23

Water 

level

31 

39

40 

40 

20 

18
DISTRICT OP COLUMBIA

4,518. Potomac Electric Power Company. Tenth and E Streets, N. W., 

in northwest corner of basement garage. Unused drilled well, diameter 8 

inches, depth about 100 feet. Measuring point, floor of basement, which 

is 10.01 feet above mean sea level. Water level Feb. 12, 1940, 28.02 

feet below measuring point. Some of the measurements were supplied by 

E. E. Kennard, superintendent of buildings.

Water level, in feet below sea level, 1940

Date

Feb. 12 

28 

Mar. 6 

15 

20

Water 

level

18.01 

19.22 

20.55 

21.07 

20.69

Date

Mar. 27 

Apr. 5 

10 

17 

23

Water 

level

21.17 

20.19 

18.76 

20.04 

20.51

Date

May 1 

8 

15 

29

Water 

level

20.52 

22.26 

21.02 

26.24

Date

June 5 

July 22 

Aug. 5 

Sept. 23

Water 

level

28.75 

54.55 

33.94 

43.41

4,542B. Security Storage Company. At 1140 Fifteenth St., N. W., in 

basement. Unused drilled well, diameter 4 Inches. Measuring point, top 

of casing, which is 57.76 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected 

by pumping of nearby well. Water level Feb. 13, 1940, 7.20 flet below 

measuring point.

Water level, in feet above sea level, 1940

Feb.

Mar.

15

28

6

13

20

50.56

48.24

41.32

50.48

40.47

Mar.

Apr.

27

3

10

17

25

50.51

50.09

47.02

46.96

50.00

May 1

8

15

22

29

40

44

44

58

57

.92

.01

.91

.94

.05

June

Aug.

Sept

Dec.

5

25

5

. 3

2

56.85

57.51

54.95

57.57

49.78

4,549. New Medical Building. At 1726 Eye St., N. W., in southeast 

corner of basement garage. Unused drilled well, diameter 12 inches at 

top, reported depth 575 feet. Measuring point, top of casing, 0.5 foot 

below floor and 62.02 feet above mean sea level. Water level Feb. 8, 1940, 

17.90 feet below measuring point.

_ Water level, in feet above sea level, 1940

Feb.

Mar.

8

28

6

15

20

44.12

43.95

43.92

43.88

50.55

Mar.

Apr.

27

5

10

17

25

45.

44.

51.

60.

61.

57

08

10

12

01

May 1

8

15

22

29

60.61

54.77

48.29

52.12

54.85

June

July

Aug.

Sept

5

25

22

5

. 3

48.75

44.46

44.47

44.59

43.28

4,550. Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company. Fourteenth and 

R Streets, N. W.,. in southwest corner of bagement. Drilled w<Ll, diameter 

12 inches, depth 110 feet. Measuring point, top of casing, wM.eh is 1.2 

feet above floor and 92.94 feet above mean sea level. Water level Feb. 

13, 1940, 19.95 feet below measuring point.

Water level, in feet above mean sea level, 1940

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

15

28

6

15

20

27

5

75.01

75.52

75.38

73.51

75.47

73.45

75.43

Apr.

May

10

17

25

1

8

15

22

73.44

75.59

75.77

73.86

75.74

75.71

75.69

May

June

July

Aug.

29

5

27

8

22

5

19

75.66

73.62

75.37

73.56

75.26

75.24

75.21

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

50

.25

21

4

25

9

30

73.15

73.12

73.08

73.07

75.29

73.31

a 75.55

4,552. Colonial Ice Cream Company. At 416 Canal Street, S. E., at 

rear of building. Drilled well, diameter 10 inches, original depth 273 

feet. Measuring point, top of casing, which is 27.87 feet ab-ive mean sea 

level. Water level May 11, 1940, 46.64 feet below measuring point.

Water level, in feet below sea level, 1940

May 11 

15

a 

b

18.77 

18.31

May 22 17.90 

29 17.86

June 5 17.75 

27 18.60

July 22 (b)

Measurements discontinued; well put in use. 

Obstruction at 16 feet; measurements discontinued.
10 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

465. St. Elizabeth's Hospital well 1. Near pimping stetion. Used 

for hospital water supply to Nov. 1939; unused since Nov. 19F9j drilled 

well, diameter 12 inches, depth 397 feet. Measuring point, lottom inaifie 

edge of the upper end of a sloping 4-inch pipe, which is O.Vf foot above 

floor and 7.92 feet above mean sea level. A correction of -C.70 foot is 

applied to the measurements of depth to water level in order to correct 

for the slope of the pipe. Water level Feb. 9, 1940, 60.49 feet below 

measuring point.

Water level, in feet below sea level, 1940

Date

Feb. 29 

Mar. 6

13 

20 

27 

Apr. 3 

10

Water 

level

51.14 

49.34 

48.82 

46.15 

45,04 

43.62 

42.21

Date

Apr. 17 

23 

May 1 

8 

15 

22 

29

Water 

level

41.09 

39.91 

38.78 

37.95 

37.03 

36.00 

35.20

Date

June 5 

27 

July 8 

22 

Aug. 5 

19

Water 

level

34.60 

32.66 

32.20 

31.74 

31.41 

32.08

Date

Aug. 30 

Sept. 23 

Oct. 21 

Nov. 4 

25 

Dec, 30

Water 

level

32.48 

33.61 

33.35 

33.28 

32.80 

31.66
FLORIDA

NORTHEASTERN FLORIDA 

By H. H. Cooper, Jr.

An investigation of the artesian water in Clay, Duval, Nassau, and 

St. Johns Counties, in northeastern Florida, was begun in the fall of 1938 

by the Federal Geological Survey in cooperation with the Florida Geological Survey, Herman Gunter, State Geologist. The purpose of this investigation is to supplement with more detailed information the results of 

previous ground-irater investigations. The principal fresh water-bearing 

formation consists of at least 850 feet of permeable limestones of upper 

Eocene age. The depth below sea level to the top of the formation is 

less than 600 feet between St. Augustine and Green Cove Springs, more 

than 500 feet between Jacksonville and Fernandina, about 400 feet at 

Mayport, and about 400 feet at Hilliard. The water level In an area 

about 25 miles wide bordering the coast will rise above the surface in 

wells that penetrate this formation.

Ground-water conditions in northeastern Florida have been discussed

in several reports, one of the first of which was prepared by Sellards

I/ 2/ 

and Gunter . In 1913 a report by Matson and Sanford on ground water of

the entire State was published. Three reports containing general information applicable to northeastern Florida were published by the Florida 

3/ 4/ 

Geological Survey in 1931 and 1933. A report by Collins and Howard

Includes northeastern Florida in a discussion and analyses of artesian

water in the Florida peninsula. An unpublished report prepared by

I/ 

Plrnie for the water-supply commission of Jacksonville contains a map

with contours described as representing the depression cone in tiie

i/ ground-water table at Jacksonville. A report by Stringfield includes

much useful information on artesian water in northeastern Florida.____

JL/ Sellards, E. H., and Gunter, Herman, The artesian water supply of 

eastern Florida: Florida Geol. Survey 3rd Ann. Rept., pp. 86-195, 1910.

2/ Matson, G. C., and Sanford, Samuel, Geology and ground waters of 

Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 319, 1913.

3_/ Gunter, Herman, and Ponton, G. M., Need for conservation and protection of our water supply with special reference to waters from the 

Ocala limestone: Florida Geol. Survey 22d Ann. Rept., pp. 43-55, 1931. 

Thompson, D. G., and Stringfield, V. T., Ground-water resources of Florida: 

Florida Geol. Survey Press Bull. 13, 1931. Stringfield V. T., Groundwater Investigations in Florida: Florida Geol. Survey Bull. 11, 1933.

±J Collins, W. D. and Howard, C. S., Chemical character of the water 

of Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 596-G, pp. 177-233,1928.

5/ Pirnle, Malcolm, Investigations to determine the source and sufficiency of the supply of water in the Ocala limestone as a municipal supply 

for Jacksonville, New York, Hazen & Whipple, 1927.

6/ Stringfield, V. T., Artesian water in the Florida peninsula: U. S. 

Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 773-C, 1936.

11
12 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Before the artesian water supply was developed the piezometric surface sloped to the southeast and east from more than 70 feet above mean 

sea level in the western parts of the area to about 60 feet at Fernandina 

and about 40 feet at St. Augustine. In the last few decades consumption 

of artesian water has increased steadily and near the end of 1939 the 

total consumption in the area was about 40 to 50 million gallons a day, 

of which about 35 million gallons was being withdrawn in the immediate 

vicinity of Jacksonville. By the end of 1939 the piezometric surface had 

changed very little from its original shape, except that a cone of depression had formed around Jacksonville. The water level at the apex of 

the cone was about 30 feet below its original level.

In December 1939 an industrial plant at Fernandina began pumping 

about 26 million gallons a day from the artesian formation and by the end 

of 1940 the pumpage from this plant had increased to about 30 million 

gallons a day. This heavy withdrawal has created a large cone of depression around Fernandina. The water level in Nassau County well 34, which 

is about 1,500 feet from the nearest heavily pumped well, has declined 

about 65 feet since pumping began; the water level in Nassau County well 

52, which is about 25 miles west from the pumping area, has declined about 

2 feet. No water-level measurement was made on Nassau County well 52 

between August 24, 1938, and the time pumping began, and there is a 

possibility that the water level in this well declined as a result of 

causes other than the pumping at Fernandina. It is probable, however, 

that the water level would have been slightly higher in 1940 than it was 

in 1938 if there had been no heavy pumping at Fernandina since precipitation in northern Florida was only 44.86 inches in 1938 as conpared to 

54.85 inches in 1939 and 51.94 inches in 1940. The water-level in 

Nassau County well 44, which is about 8.5 miles from the pumping area, 

declined about 5 feet between 1938 and 1940.

In Buval County water levels in wells which are less than 8 miles 

from the center of withdrawal in Jacksonville have declined, in general, 

about 4 to 6 feet in the last 10 years. Probably this decline is due 

to an increase in consumption. It is believed that there is a balance 

between recharge and discharge of ground water in the formation and that 

the water levels in wells will remain the same, except for seasonal 

changes due to variations in rainfall, if there is no further increase 

in the withdrawals.
FLORIDA , 13

In Clay and St. Johns Cotmtles water levels have declined only very 

little, If at all, since measurements were first made In 1934. Changes 

In water levels, other than those caused by tides and barometric fluctuations, are probably due mostly to variations In rainfall. During the 

period of record there have been too few observations to permit a correlation to be made between water levels and rainfall.

Charts from recording pressure gages show that water levels In wells 

a few hundred feet from the Atlantic Ocean fluctuate from about 0.5 foot 

to about 1 foot with ocean tides. Individual water-level mersurements 

on such wells are not reliable Indexes to small seasonal or permanent 

changes unless corrections are made for the tidal effect.

During 1940 the water levels In about 150 wells were measured one or 

more times; altogether about 375 individual measurements of rater level 

were made In the year. Pour recording pressure gages were in operation 

at the end of the year. In Jacksonville records were obtained from three 

recording pressure gages and at Neptune Beach records were obtained from 

a recording gage that was installed in February }939, discontinued In 

July 1939, and reinstalled iovember 19, 1940. Included In this report 

are a total of 168 measurements of water level on 36 representative wells

distributed over the area. A few of the water levels were published In a

I/ 

previous report . Water-level measurements on wells not included In

this report, including data from recorder charts, will be Included later 

in a more comprehensive report.

Clay County

1. Well 12 In Water-Supply Paper 773-C. Girl Scouts of America. 

About 1,000 feet south of SE cor. sec. 20, T. 5 S., R. 26 E., about 

2,200 feet west of south end of bridge across Black Creek, on U. S. 

Highway 17, Camp Chowenaw, 3.5 miles northwest from Green Co^e Springs. 

Used drilled domestic well, diameter 6 Inches, depth 400 feet, cased 

to 72 feet. Measuring point to Nov. 1, 1934, top of 6-lnch valve on 

horizontal pipe, 1.4 feet above land surface-and 13.1 feet above mean 

sea level. Measuring point on and since July 30, 1940, top of 6-inch 

tee, 1.1 feet above land surface and 12.84 feet above mean sea level. 

Average dally flow of well, about 800,000 gallons. Water levels, In 

feet above measuring point; June 6 1934, 41.5; Nov. 1, 1934, 42.0; 

July 30, 1940, 41.1; Oct. 10, 1940, 41.4.

2. Well 7 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. Mrs. M. A. Chaulker. 

NWiNWf sec. 13, T. 5 S., R. 24 E., at residence of owner, about 500 

feet north of South Pork of Black Creek, Middleburg. Used drilled 

domestic well, diameter 3 Inches, depth 498 feet, cased to 300 feet. 

Measuring point, lip of 3/4-Inch faucet 4 -feet east of well, 2.0 feet 

above land surface and 29.72 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, 

in feet above measuring point: June 4, 1934, 45; Aug. 7, 1940, 41.1; 

Aug. 15, 1940, 41.1; Nov. 16, 1940, 59.0.________________________

7/ Stringfield, V. T., Artesian water in the Florida peninsula: 

U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 773-C, 1936.

418675 0-42-2
14 WATER LEVELS AHD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Clay County Continued.

4. T. J. Jennings. Near north line SWjSWj sec. 32, T. 4 S., 

R. 25 E., southeast side of new highway, 3.2 miles northeast from 

Middleburg. Used drilled stock well, diameter 4 inches, deptl 481 feet, 

cased to 80 (?) feet. Measuring point, top of 4-inch valve, 3.3 feet 

above land surface and 29.37 feet above mean sea level. Averrge daily 

flow of well, about 40,000 gallons. Water levels, in feet above measuring point, 1940: Aug. 7, 35.1; Nov. 16, 33.1.

5. John Huntley. NE^NE^ sec. 32, T. 4 S., R. 25 E., about 500 feet 

northwest of new highway, in fear of residence of owner, 4.2 niles northeast from Middleburg. Used drilled domestic and stock well, diameter 4 

inches, depth 530 feet, cased to 157 feet. Measuring point, top of 4-inch 

valve, 2.5 feet above land surface and 26.52 feet above mean sea level. 

Average daily flow of well, about 40,000 gallons. Water levels, in feet 

above measuring point, 1940; Aug. 13, 32.5; Nov. 16, 30.5.

7. U. S. Navy. Auxiliary air base, about 2.5 miles southeast from 

Green Cove Springs. Used drilled public supply well, diameter 6 inches, 

depth 650 feet, cased to 276 feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch valve, 

1.0 foot above land surface and 13.14 feet above mean sea leve»l. Water 

level, in feet above measuring point, 1940: Oct. 10, 26,2.

8. Well 13 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. St. Elmo Hotel. North of 

St. Elmo Hotel, Green Cove Springs. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 

4 inches, depth 600 feet, cased to 150 (?) feet. Measuring point, top of 

1^-inch valve in east side of casing, 1.0 foot above land surface and 

16.89 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1954-55, IP40

Date

June 

Aug. 

Nov.

7, 1934 

31 

2

Water 

level

18.0 

20.0 

18.75

Date

Dec. 

Mar.

18, 

22,

1934 

1935

Water 

level

18.5 

18.0

Date

Oct. 

Nov.

10, 1940 

15

Water 

level

17.5 

16.6

Duval County

12. Jacksonville Motor Transit Company. About 200 feet east of 

Riverside Avenue, about 75 feet south of McCoy Street, Jacksonville. 

Used drilled industrial well, diameter 6 inches, depth 785 feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch valve, 1.8 feet above land surface and 10.14 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: 

Nov. 25, 1938, 30.3; July 6, 1940, 29.3; Nov. 28, 1940, 29.1.

102. Well 4 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. V. A. Stevens. 

sec. 24, T. 2 S., R. 27 E., about 240 feet north of Atlantic Boulevard, 

in rear of residence of owner. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 

6 inches, depth 875 feet, cased to 400 feet. Measuring ooint to June 15, 

1934, top of 1-inch pipe, 3 feet above land surface and 56 feet above 

mean sea level. Measuring point on and since June 10, 1939, top of 6-inch 

valve, 0.5 foot above land surface and 53.54 feet above mean sea level. 

Equipped with centrifugal pump.

Water level, in feet with reference to measuring point, 

1950-31, 1954. 1959-40

Aug.

Oct.

May

13,

8

8,

1930

1931

4-3.68

4-2,8

4-3.4

June

June

15, 10, 1934

1939

4-1.3

4-1.3

Aug.

Nov.

22,

19

1940 4-0.48

- .19

109. J. P. Young. North side of residence of owner, west side of 

Dones Street, about 400 feet north of Floral Bluff Avenue, about 1,000 

feet east of St. Johns River, Floral Bluff, 3 miles northeast from 

Jacksonville. Used drilled public supply well, diameter 6 inches to 4 

inches, depth 735 feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch cross, 2.5 feet 

above land surface and 43.55 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, 

in feet above measuring point: June 15, 1939, 12.4; Aug. 23, 1940, 11.6; 

Nov. 18, 1940, 11.1.
FLORIDA 15

Duval County Continued.

115. Well 12 In Water-Supply Paper 773-C. City of Jacksonville. 

East side of pumphouse, east corner of intersection of Baltic Street 

and Oxford Avenue, Ortega, 5 miles southwest from Jacksonville. Unused 

drilled public supply well, diameter 8 inches, depth 729 feet, cased to 

476 feet. Measuring point to May 11, 1931, 3/4-inch pipe O.f foot above 

land surface and 16.8 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and 

since June 13, 1938, center of recording pressure gage, 4.7 feet above 

land surface and 20.82 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1950-51, 193r, 1940

Date

Aug. 

Oct.

22, 1930 

9

Water 

level

39.5 

38

Date

May 11, 

June 13,

1931 

1938

Water 

level

35.5 

31.5

Date

Aug . 19 f 

Nov. 28,

1938 

1« 40

Water 

level

31.6 

29.4

118. City of Jacksonville. Southwest side of pumphouse, west 

corner of intersection of Post and Dancy Streets, Jacksonville. Unused 

drilled public supply well, diameter 6 inches, depth 900 feet. Measuring point, center of recording pressure gage, 4 feet above land surface 

and 27.79 feet above mean sea level. Water level, in feet al ->ve measuring point, 1940: Nov. 28, 27.5.

122. Well 8 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. City of Jacksonville. 

About 20 feet north of 63d Street between .Russell and Eastlard Streets, 

Jacksonville. Unused drilled public supply well, diameter 8 inches, 

depth 905 feet, cased to 570.9 feet. Measuring point to June 23, 1938, 

^"inch outlet, 2 feet above land surface and 16.87 feet abovp mean sea 

level. Measuring point Nov. 27, 1940, center of recording grge, 2.5 

feet above .land surface and 17.37 feet above mean sea level. Water 

levels, in feet above measuring point: Aug. 21, 1930, 45; Ji-ne 13, 1938, 

41.2; June 23, 1938, 41.7; Nov. 27, 1940, 38.8.

123. Well 6 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. City of Jacksonville. 

West of pumphouse, west side of Huron Street, about 150 feet north of 

Beaver Street, Woodstock Park, Jacksonville. Unused drilled public 

supply well, diameter 10 inches, depth 1,075 feet. Measuring point, top 

of 6-inch horizontal pipe at ^-inch hole for petcock, in pumphouse, 2.5 

feet above land surface and 25.28 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1950-51, 1P58-40

Aug. 

May 8^

1930 

1931

37.2 

36.5

June 

June

13, 

20,

1938 

1939

32.5 

33.0

July J 

Nov. 2£

>, 1P40 

J

30.7 

30.4

129. Jim Merril. East side of Ortega Boulevard, between First and 

Palmetto Streets, Ortega, 5.2 miles southwest from Jacksonville. Unused 

drilled domestic well, diameter 4 inches, depth 600 feet, cased to 470 

feet. Measuring point, 1/8-inch hole for petcock in west side of casing, 

1.0 foot above land surface and 9.63 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

July 5 

6

39.4 

39.4

July 9 

29

41.3 

41.1

Nov . 15 

28

39.4 

40.1

131. Well 19 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. 0. C. Cole. SW^ sec. 10, 

T. 1 S., R. 26 E., south side of residence of owner, east side of Lem 

Turner Road, 0.7 mile north of Trout River, 7.0 miles north from Jacksonville. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 6 inches to 4 Inches, depth 

725 feet, cased to 500 feet. Measuring point, top of 4-inch cross, flush 

with land surface and 17.86 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in 

feet above measuring point: Apr. 10, 1934, 43.0; July 12, 1P40, 38.6j 

Nov. 14, 1940, 37.8.

138. Well 24 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. Joe Quattlebaum. Near 

west line of NWjNEi sec. 15, T. 2 S., R. 25 E., at residence of owner, 

0.8 mile northwest from Marietta. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 

6 inches, depth 1,060 feet, cased to 583 feet. Measuring point, top of 

6-inch valve, 2.5 feet above land surface and 62.84 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point: Nov. 5, 1934, 0.5; 

July 16, 1940, 3.72; Nov. 15, 1940, 4.32.
16 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Duval County Continued.

145. Duval County School Board. In rear of Oceanway School, 0.5 

mile north from Broward, 10 miles north from Jacksonville. Used drilled 

domestic well, diameter 2 Inches. Measuring point, top of 2-inch tee, 

1.5 feet above land surface and 36.29 feet above mean sea levc»l. Water 

levels, In feet above measuring point, 1940: July 24, 20.Ij IT ov. 14, 

19,6.

147. V. C. Johnson. SWjSWj sec. 32, T. IN., R. 26 E. Used drilled 

stock well, diameter 4 Inches, depth 610 feet, cased to 446 feet. Measuring point, top of 4-lnch cross, 3.8 feet above land surface and 25.65 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, In feet above measuring point, 

1940; July 24, 30.7; Nov. 14, 30.5.

149. W. M. Bostwick. North side of mouth of Drummond Greek, 1.2 

miles southwest from Eastport, 6 miles northeast from Jacksonville. Used 

drilled domestic well, diameter 6 Inches, depth about 800 feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch tee, 4.0 feet above land surface and 33.22 feet 

above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above measuring point, 1940: 

July 25, 23.4; Sept. 11, 23.6; Sept. 12, 23.2; Nov. 21, 22.5.

154. J. M. Shield. SV% sec. 22, T. 3 S., R. 27 E., betr^en Florida 

East Coast Railroad and U. S. Highway 1, 1,2 miles north from Sunbeam. 

Used drilled domestic well, diameter 4 Inches, depth 625 feet, cased to 

461 feet. Measuring point, top of 4-inch cross, 3.1 feet above land surface and 28.3 feet above mean sea level. Hater levels, In feet above 

measuring point, 1940: July 30, 24.9; Sept. 23, 25.4; Sept. ZO, 25.6; 

Nov. 21, 24.4.

160. Well 3 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. City of Nepture Beach. 

About 400 feet from Atlantic Ocean, southeast corner of intersection of 

First Street and Florida Avenue, Neptune Beach. Unused drille/l public 

supply well, diameter 8 Inches, depth 585 feet, cased to 357 f'eet. 

Measuring point June 15, 1934, J-inch pipe in south side of 8-lnch tee, 

1.5 feet below land surface and 10.58 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since Oct. 14, 1939, top of blind flange on top of 

8-inch tee, 0.5 foot below land surface and 11.55 feet above nrean sea 

level. Recording pressure gage maintained on well from Feb. 4 to July 1, 

1939, and since Nov. 19, 1940. Charts from recording gage sho-" fluctuations ranging from about 0.5 foot to about 1.0 foot which are caused by 

ocean tides.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1954, 1959-40

Date

June 

Oct.

15, 

14,

1934 

1939

Water 

level

42.2 

41.9

Date

Sept. 

Nov.

3, 1940 

19

Water

level

38.1 

37.5

Date

Nov. 21, 1940

Water

level

38.8

164. Well 11 In Water-Supply Paper 773-C. Rlbault Club. In pumphouse, Rlbault Club, Fort George Island. Used drilled domestic well, 

diameter 8 Inches, depth 840 feet, cased to 450 feet. Measuring point, 

top of ^-Inch valve, 15 feet east of northeast corner of pumphouse, 1.3 

feet above land surface and 17.01 feet above mean sea level.

Aug. 

Oct.

9* 1930 43.7 

43

May t 

Sept.lS

), 1931 

J, 1940

42.5 

38.9

Nov. 21, 1940 37,0
FLORIDA 17

Nassau County

2. G. G. Gerbing. Southeast corner of pumphouse at residence of 

owner, Amelia City, 5.5 miles south from Fernandina. Used drilled irrigation well, diameter 5 inches to 2 inches, depth about 580 feet, cased 

to 350 (?) feet. Measuring point, top of 2-inch horizontal pipe, 1.0 

foot above land surface and 10.98 feet above mean sea level. Equipped' 

wifh centrifugal pump, capacity 80 gallons per minute. Average daily 

pumpage from well about 30,000 gallons.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1939-40

Date

Mar. 

Jan. 

Feb.

23,

18,

1

1939 

1940

Water 

level

40.1 

55.4

35.7

Date

Feb. 

Mar. 

May

29, 1940 

20 

29

Water 

level

36.1 

56.5 

55.2

Date

Sept

Nov.

.21, 1940 

25

Water 

level

55.8 

55.4

8. Charles Pelot. Near SE cor. of NE| sec. 1 T. IN., R. 28 E., 

about 400 feet from Atlantic Ocean, in rear of beach cottages, 1.1 miles 

south from Franklintewn, 8.9 miles south from Fernandina. Usud drilled 

domestic well, diameter 4 inches, depth about 680 feet. Measuring point, 

top of 4-inch cross, 1.8 feet above land surface and 15.50 fe^t above 

mean sea level. Average daily flow of well about 40,000 gallons.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1939-40

Mar.

Jan.

Feb.

24,

1'

1959

1940

40.0

56.7

56.5

Feb.

Mar.

May

29,

20

29

1940 56.8

37.8

37.0

Sept

Nov.

.21,

25

19*0 56.0

35.9

23. Owner's number 3. National Park Service. About 1,000 feet 

northwest from end of south jetty to St. Marys Entrance, 2.6 miles northeast from Pernandina. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 4 inches, 

depth 800 feet, cased to 550 feet. Measuring point, 1/8-inch hole for 

petcock in northwest side of casing, 2.8 feet above land surface and 

10.62 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1959-40

Mar.

Jan.

Feb.

27,

17l'

1939

1940

40.3

26.3

26.2

Feb.

Mar.

May

29,

20

29

1940 26.8

26.7

25.2

Sept

Nov.

.21,

25

19*0 24.1

25.4

28. State of Florida. About 50 feet east of Kingsley C^aek, about 

50 feet north of State Highway 13, Kingsley Creek drawbridge, 3.2 miles 

southwest from Fernandina. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 2 inches, 

depth about 578 (?) feet. Measuring point, top of concrete w^ll around 

well, 2.8 feet above land surface and 8.80 feet above mean se" level. 

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1959-40

Mar.

Jan.

Feb.

28,

16,

1

1959

1940

43.5

19.5

21.1

Feb.

Mar.

May

29,

20

29

1940 21.6

21.7

19.0

Sept

Nov.

.10,

11

19*0 18.6

16.9

34. W. L. Hardee. About 150 feet east of Amelia River, Hardee dock, 

0.3 mile southwest from Fernandina. Unused drilled domestic well, diameter 3 inches. Measuring point, top of 5-inch cross, 2.0 feet above land 

surface and 5.79 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet with reference to measuring point, 1939-40

June

Jan.

Feb.

19,

16,

1

1959

1940

+ 45.5

-15.41

-15.70

Feb.

Mar.

May

29,

20

28

1940 -14.92

-14.67

-18.54

Sept

Nov.

.21,

29

19*0 -19.71

-19.64

44. Well 9 in Water-Supply Paper 775-C. Seaboard Railway. South 

of pumphouse near elevated tank, Seaboard Railway station, Yulee. Used 

drilled industrial well, diameter 4 inches, depth 1,000 feet, cased to 

450 feet. Measuring point to Aug. 25, 1958, top of elevated water tank, 

26 feet above land surface and 64.69 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since Jan. 16, 1940, top of 6-inch coupling on surface 

casing, 1.4. feet above land surface and 36,4 feet above mean sea level. 

Centrifugal pump installed in Dec. 1959 when pressure of the water became insufficient to push water into elevated tank. Measurements temporarily discontinued after Mar. 20, 1940.
18 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Nassau County Continued.

44. Continued. 

Water level, in feet with reference to measuring point, 1954, 1958, 1940

Date

Mar. 

Dec. 

June

5, 

17 

26,

1934 

1938

Water 

level

-4.3 

-4.0 

-4.3

Date

Aug. 

Jan. 

Feb.

25, 

16,

1938 

1940

Water 

level

- 3.5 

+ 17.8 

+ 17.9

Date

Mar. 1, 1940 

20

Water 

level

+ 17.9 

+ 18.6

50. Higgenbotham. SW^SEj sec. 4, T. 2 N., R. 26 E., about 100 feet 

south of Seaboard Railway, in rear of residence of owner, 0.6 mile east 

from Italia. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 2 inches, depth 569 

feet. Measuring point, top of 2-inch tee, 1.2 feet above lanl surface 

and 18.99 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 18 

Feb. -2

Water 

level

39.1

38.6

Date

Mar. 1 

20

Water 

level

38.7 

38.7

Date

May 30

Sept. 10

Water 

level

39.3 

38.7

Date

Nov. 22

Water 

level

37.9

51. Drew Sauls. Callahan, near SW cor. NW^ sec. 29, T. 2 N., R. 25 E. 

Used drilled domestic well, diameter 2 inches. Measuring point, top of 

2-inch cross, 1.0 foot above land surface and 19.8 feet above mean sea 

level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Jan. 

Feb.

18 

2

39.2 

38.8

Mar. 1 

20

39.2 

39.2

May

Sept

30

.10

39.7 

39.1

Nov. 22 37.9

52. CCC. NWiSWj- sec. 15, T. 3 N., R. 24 E., in site of former CCC 

camp, about 500 feet east of U. S. Highway 1, 1.4 miles southeast from 

Hilliard. Unused drilled domestic well, diameter 4 inches to 2|? inches, 

depth 576 feet, cased to 442 feet. Measuring point on Aug. 24, 1938, top 

of concrete pump base, about 0.1 foot above land surface and about 60.6 

feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since Jan. 18, 1940, 

top of 4 by 2-lnch reducing coupling, 0.5 foot above land surface and 

61.99 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet with reference to measuring point, 1958, 1940

Date

Aug. 

Jan. 

Feb.

24, 

18, 

2

1938 

1940

Water 

level

+ 0.1 

-0.75 

-0.76

Date

Mar. 

May

1, 1940 

20 

30

Water 

level

-0.56 

-0.36 

-1.01

Date

Sept 

Nov.

,21, 1940 

22

Water 

level

-1.38 

-2.00

St. Johns County

2. Well 15 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. P. J. Manucy. East side 

of North River, about 150 feet north of Vilano Bridge, Vilano Beach, 1.9 

miles northeast from St. Augustine. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 

6 inches, depth 198 feet, cased to 195 feet. Measuring point June 22, 

1934, top of 3/4-inch faucet, 2.2 feet above land surface and 8.3 feet 

above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since Aug. 2, 1940, top of 

6-inch tee, 2.7 feet above land surface and 8.79 feet above m?an sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: June 22, 1954, 29.5; 

Aug. 2, 1940, 25.9; Nov. 20, 1940, 25.7.

3. Well 14 in Water-Supply Paper 773-C. Francis Usina. East side 

of North River, Usina's Beach, 2.4 miles north from Vilano Bridge, 4.0 

miles north from St. Augustine. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 4 

inches, depth 216 feet, cased to 104 feet. Measuring point J-me 22, 1934, 

top of 3/4-inch pipe at edge of river, 1.0 foot above land surface and 

5.0 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since Aug. 13, 

1940, top of 4-inch valve, 1.1 feet above land surface and 7.65 feet 

above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: June 22, 

1934, 38.6; Aug. 13, 1940, 33.9; Nov. 20, 1940, 31.7.
FLORIDA 19

St. Johns County Continued.

4. Well 10 In "Water-Supply Paper 773-C. Mill Creek Sclool. In 

rear of school house, northwest side of Nine Mile Road, about 700 feet 

northeast of Intersection of State Highway 48 with Nine Mile Road, 8.3 

miles southeast from Shands Bridge. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 6 Inches, depth 40CH- feet, cased to 150 feet. Measuring- point to 

Nov. 4, 1934, top of 3/4-lnch faucet 6 feet north of well, 2.2 feet 

above land surface and 28.9 feet above mean sea level. Measvrlng point 

on and since Aug. 2, 1940, top of 3-lnch tee, 0.5 foot above land surface and 27.24.feet above mean sea level. Water levels may I «> affected 

slightly by flowing water. Water levels, In feet above measuring point: 

Aug. 31, 1934, 20.0; Nov. 4, 1934, 19.5; Aug. 2, 1940, 18.5; Nov. 20, 

1940, 18.8.

5. Well 7 In Water-Supply Paper 773-C. G. L. Oesterrlcker. In 

rear of residence of owner, east side of Inland Waterways Caral, north 

side of State Highway 306, 3.2 miles south from Palm Valley. Used 

drilled domestic well, diameter 6 Inches, depth 350 feet, cared to 

180 (?) feet. Measuring point, 3/4-lnch pipe at northwest corner of 

residence of owner, 1.2 feet above land surface and 5.73 feet above mean 

sea level.

Water level, In feet above measuring point, 1954, 1940

Date

Aug. 23, 

Sept. 6,

1934 

1940

Water 

level

43

44.5

Date

Sept. 20, 1940 

24

Water 

level

43.9 

44.3

Date

Nov. 20, If 40

Water 

level

43.6

8. Well 4 In Water-Supply Paper 773-C. -Parish Brother?. Near SW 

cor. of NEjNEi sec. 4, T. 55., R. 28 E., 0.5 mile southwest of Florida 

East Coast Railroad, 2.5 miles southeast from Bayard. Used drilled stock 

well, diameter 6 Inches, depth 336 feet, cased to 240 feet. Measuring 

point Aug. 28, 1934, top of 6-lnch valve, 1 foot above land rurface and 

19 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since f^pt. 23, 

1940, top of 6-lnch tee, 3.0 feet above land surface and 20.77 feet above 

mean sea level. Average dally flow of well about 400,000 gallons. Water 

levels, In feet above measuring point: Aug. 8, 1934, 36; Sept. 23, 1940, 

32.1; Sept. 24, 1940, 32.0; Nov. 20, 1940, 30.8.

WEST FLORIDA

By H. H. Cooper, Jr.

Escambla County

An Investigation of ground-water conditions In Escambla County was 

begun In December 1939 by the Federal Geological Survey and the Florida 

Geological Survey In cooperation with the Municipal Advertising Board of 

the city of Pensacola. The purpose of the Investigation Is to determine 

the adequacy and permanency of the ground-water supply In Esoambia County, 

particularly In the vicinity of Pensacola. A part of the Investigation 

consists of carrying on a program of periodic measurements of water level 

In wells.
20 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

The principal aquifer in the vicinity of Pensacola is the Oitronelle 

formation of Pliocene age, which consists chiefly of sand and fine gravel 

with lenses of clay and sandy clay. The depth to the top of the Citronelle ranges considerably and at most places it has not been definitely 

determined. The depth to the bottom of the Citronelle Is set tentatively 

at about 220 feet to about 250 feet below sea level. The Qitronelle is 

underlain by the Cnoctawhatchee marl of Miocene age and is overlain by a 

ranging thickness of sands, clays, and marls of Pleistocene age. The 

Pleistocene formation in many places is similar to the Pliocene, and the 

demarcation between the two is difficult to determine.

The most abundant supply of water occurs between 50 feet and 240 feet 

below sea level in a deposit that consists chiefly of coarse sand and 

fine gravel but which contains also a small amount of clay. Almost all 

wells that develop a considerable amount of water are screened opposite 

this deposit. In many places adjacent to bodies of salt water, particularly in the vicinity of Bayou Chico, the water level in the formation 

has declined to several feet below sea level as a result of heavy pumping, 

whereas the water level in the overlying formation is still above sea 

level. Encroachment of salt water into the lower formation has occurred 

only to a slight extent. Doubtless the overlying beds of marls and clays 

have acted as a seal and have prevented the salt water from moving downward into the formation, although well logs and samples from test wells 

fail to show an areal continuity of the beds of marls and clays.

In the central and northern part of Escambia County wells range in 

depth from a few feet to several hundred feet below the surface. In the 

valleys of the Bscambia and Perdido Rivers flowing wells may be obtained 

from depths of about 150 feet to about 500 feet. At the present time there 

are no wells using large quantities of water in the central and northern 

parts of the county, but an industrial plant has recently completed four 

12-inch wells near Cantonment and will soon begin the pumping of several 

million gallons of water a day.

At the end of 1940, 26 wells were included in the observation program. Water levels in 18 wells are measured once a week; 8 w^lls are 

equipped with automatic water-stage recorders. One water-stage recorder 

was maintained on Bayou Chico in order to obtain a record of tidal 

fluctuations for comparison with the water levels in wells adjacent to 

the Bayou. Until the last part of April 1940, water-level observations
FI0RIDA 21

were made by representatives of the Federal Geological Survey. After 

April measurements were made by a local observer. After August the local 

observer, on his own initiative, discontinued observations on pll wells 

except some of those in the central and northern parts of the county. 

Water level observations on all 26 wells were resumed after about December 31.

Included in this report are records on three wells in Escrmbia 

County. Well 45, near Cantonment, is only a few hundred feet from four 

large wells from which several million gallons a day will be pimped in 

the near future. Records of the water level in this well have shown 

fluctuations of as much as 0.3 foot in 2 days and of more than 0.6 foot 

in a week due to changes in atmospheric pressure. The water level in 

well 46, at Bnsley, is expected to show whether the pumpage of several 

million gallons a day at Cantonment will affect water levels measurably

In the southern part of the county. Well 42 is about 1,500 feet from a

t 

large Industrial plant and about 250 feet from Bayou Chico. H"> water

level in well 42 has been lowered to about 12 feet below sea level by the 

pumpage of about 8 million gallons a day at an industrial plant. Due to 

the fact that the water level in the well is affected by tide and by 

changes in the rate of pumpage, accurate comparisons of the water levels 

in different seasons of the year can not be made with the data so far 

obtained.

A later report will contain water-level records on wells not included in this report.

!/ 

An unpublished preliminary report on the ground-water resources of

the Pensacola area, based on field work done until about April 10, 1940, 

was released in typewritten form in August 1940. A map showin? the areas 

of artesian flow in Escambia County and other useful information on

ground water in Escambia County are included in a report by Sellards and

2/ 

Gunter , published in 1912. Records of typical wells in Escambia County

and a brief discussion of the ground water is contained in a report by

S/ 

Matson and Sanford , published in 1915.________________________

\J Jacob, C. E., Cooper, H. H«, Jr., and Stubbs, Sidney A., Report 

on the ground-water resources of the Pensacola area, in Escambia County, 

Florida, 1940.

j2/ Sellards, E. H., and Gunter, Herman, Water supply of w«st Florida: 

Florida Geol. Survey 4th Ann. Rept., pp. 87-155, 1912.

3/ Matson, G. C., and Sanford, Samuel, Geology and ground waters of 

Florida: U. S. Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 319, pp. 301-304, 1913.
22 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Escambia County Continued.

42. Penaacola Shipbuilding Company. West side of storage tank, 

about 250 feet north of Bayou Ghico, about 1,500 feet west of the intersection of Barancas Avenue and Pine Street, Pensacola. Unused drilled 

industrial well, diameter 10 inches, depth 155 feet. Measuring point, 

top of 2-g--inch tee, 11.2 feet above land surface and 22.95 feet above 

mean sea level. Water level affected by tide and by pumping from other 

wells.

Date

Feb. 5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

5 

6 

19

Water 

level

54.85 

55.97 

54.09 

54.57 

54.49 

34.29 

54.98 

54.58

Date

Mar. 5 

11 

18 

25 

Apr. 2 

8 

15 

20

Water 

level

54.51 

55.52 

54.54 

55.96 

54.85 

53.74 

55.72 

52.10

Date

Apr. 22 

May 4 

11 

17 

24 

51 

June 7 

18

Water 

level

54.90 

55.58 

52.95 

55.28 

55.98 

54.62 

54.12 

35.75

Date

June 25 

July 1 

8 

16 

22 

50 

Aug. 6 

13

Water 

level

55.63 

55.58 

54.45 

55.45 

54.15 

33.08 

51.25 

32.15

45. U. S. Geological Survey. About 1,150 feet southwest of Louisville and Nashville Railroad about 1,600 feet northeast of Ofnlf, Florida 

and Alabama Railroad, 0.5 mile south from Cantonment. Used drilled observation well, diameter 4 inches, depth 152.5 feet. Measuring point to 

Feb. 6, 1940, top of 4-inch coupling on casing, 1.0 foot above land surface and about 156 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point from 

Feb. 15, to Aug. 10, 1940, top of 1-inch hole in base of recorder shelter, 

1.42 feet above the measuring poiht to Feb. 6, 1940. Measuring point on 

and since Dec. 7, 1940, top of 1-inch hole in base of recorder shelter, 

at same altitude as the measuring point to Feb. 6, 1940. Water level 

affected by changes in barometric pressure. Water-stage recorder maintained on well since Feb. 15, 1940. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940: Jan. 16, 72.05; Jan. 25, 71.69; Jan. 30, 71.82; Feb. 6, 

71.64; Feb. 13, 75.50.

Highest and lowest weekly water level, in feet 

below measuring point, 1940 

{from recorder charts)

Week

Feb.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

Apr.

May

17-25

24-Mar. 1

2-8

9-15

16-22

25-29

13-19

20-26

27-May 3

4-10

18-24

Highest 

level

72.98

75.26

73.11

73.42

75.57

75.46

75.40

73.52

73.58

75.62

73.65

Lowest 

level

75.70

75.60

75.45

75.77

75.71

75.74

75.85

75.75

75.85

75.99

75.76

Week

May

June

June

July

July

Aug.

Dec.

Dec.

25-51

1-7

8-14

15-21

22-28

29 -July 5

20-26

27-Aug. 2

5-9

21-27

28-Jan. 5

Highest 

level

75.78

73.95

75.95

75.66

75.85

75.85

75.17

75.01

72.91

72.05

(a)

 Lowest 

level

(a)

74.01

74.02

74.08

74.07

74.05

75.42

(a)

73.07

72.86

72.87

46. U. S. Geological Survey. Forty-three and one-half feet east of 

centerline of Louisville and Nashville Railroad, 196 feet north of centerline of a graded crossroad, 0.4 mile east from Ensley. Used drilled 

observation well, diameter 4 inches, depth 239 feet. Measuring point to 

June 1, 1940, top of 4-inch coupling on casing, 1.0 foot above land surface 

and about 150 feet above mean sea level. Measuring point on and since 

June 8, 1940, top of 1-inch hole in base of recorder shelter, 0.06 foot 

above the measuring point to June 1, 1940. Water level affected by 

changes in barometric pressure. Water level recorder maintained on well 

since June 8, 1940.

a Record for week incomplete.
FLORIDA 23

Escambla County Continued.

46. Continued.

Date

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

14, 1939

15

18

4, 1940

17

23

30

6

Water 

level

69.94

69.93

69.82

70.20

70.48

70.50

70.79

70.70

Date

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

13, 1940

19

26

4

11

18

25

9

Water 

level

71.03

71.14

71.63

71.50

71.76

71.84

72.13

72.24

Date

Apr.

May

June

16, 1940

24

2

9

11

18

25

1

Water 

level

72.20

72.28

72.24

72.68

72.68

72.71

72.70

72.85

Highest and lowest weekly water level, in feet 

below measuring point, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Week

June 8-14

15-21

22-28

June 29 -July 5

July 6-12

13-19

20-26

July 27-Aug. 2

Aug. 3-9

10-16

17-23

24-30

Aug. 31-Sept. 6

Highest 

level

72.99

72.82

72.80

72.76

71.17

69.68

a68.92

(a)

a67.70

67.44

67.36

67.05

67.07

Lowest 

level

73.06

73.12

73.02

73.02

72.85

71.17

a69.68

68.72

a68.11

67.70

67.47

67.36

67.24

Week

Sept. 7-13

21-27

Sept.28-0ct. 4

Oct. 5-11

12-18

19-25

Oct. 26-Nov. 1

Nov. 2-8

9-15

Dec. 14-20

21-27

Dec. 28- Jan. 3

Highest 

level

66.91

67.07

67.30

67.34

67.43

67.52

67.77

67.97

68.08

a68.99

68.42

68.45

Lowest 

level

67.14

67.32

67.49

67.57

67.71

67.80

67.97

68.26

68.55

a69.25

69.09

68.93

CENTRAL FLORIDA 

By H. H. Cooper, Jr.

Observations of artesian pressure in wells in central Florida (see 

Water-Supply Paper 845) were continued during 1940 as part of the cooperative ground-water Investigations by the Florida Geological Survey, 

Herman Gunter, State Geologist, and the Federal Geological Survey.

During 1940 two wells were Included in the observation program. The 

district office of the Federal Geological Survey at Ocala mads observations on Marion County -well 5 (Sharpes Ferry well) about once each week, 

making a total of 54 measurements on this well. Observations on the Blue 

Grotto sinkhole at Belleview were discontinued during 1940. The highest 

and lowest weekly water levels In Seminole County well 35 wer<? obtained 

from a recording pressure gage Installed in November 1958.___________

a Record for week incomplete.
24 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

The fluctuations of water level in Marion County well 5 correlate 

fairly closely with the precipitation at Ocala, indicating local recharge 

to the underground reservoir. The water level in the well declined 

steadily from 5.8 feet above the measuring point at the beginning of the 

year to about 4.3 feet above the measuring point during June, owing to 

an average monthly precipitation of only 2.07 inches from January to May. 

The monthly precipitation averaged 4.96 inches from June to September 

and as a result the water level rose gradually to 5.35 feet en September 

21. From October 1 to December 18 the precipitation totaled only 0.52 

inches, and the water level declined steadily to 3.85 feet, the lowest 

stage of the year, on December 14. The last two measurements of the year 

indicate that the water level rose slightly due to 6.76 inches of rain 

in the period December 19 to 29.

The charts from the recording pressure gage on Seminole County well 

35 show the effect on the water level of the heavy draft fror other 

wells in the vicinity. Differences between the highest and lowest weekly 

water levels are caused largely by the discharge of other wells. A conspicuous example is the difference of 11 feet between the hig-hest and 

lowest pressures recorded during the week January 22 to 27. Because the 

lowest water levels are generally caused by the draft from nearby wells 

and are generally of short duration, the highest weekly water levels 

constitute a better index to seasonal and permanent changes. No steady 

rise or decline of the water level is detectable during the year, but 

the water level was slightly higher during the late summer ard early fall 

than it was in other parts of the year. The draft on wells in Seminole 

County is probably less during the late summer and early fall than at any 

other time, and heavy rainfall occurred over central Florida during the 

months June to September. The high water levels probably are a result 

of one or both of these conditions. Only very little recharge occurs 

locally but the rains influence the fluctuations of water level indirectly 

because they furnish some of the water needed for irrigation, and the 

draft on wells is, therefore, lesa in periods of high precipitation.
FLORIDA 25

Marion County

Sharpes Ferry well (Marion County 5).

Water level, In feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

4

13

20

27

3

9

17

24

2

9

16

23

30

Water 

level

5.8

5.8

5.5

5.5

5.2

5.3

5.15

5.1

5.2

5.2

5.0

5.0

4.9

Date

Apr.

May

June

6

12

20

24

3

10

18

25

1

8

15

19

22

Water 

level

4.8

4.95

4.9

4.8

4.82

4.70

4.52

4.5

4,3

4.35

4.35

4.36

4.34

Date

June

July

Aug.

Sept

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

31

. 6

14

21

Water 

level

4.31

4.28

4.35

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.8

4.88

5.0

5.0

5.15

5.12

5.35

Date

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.28

12

19

26

2

9

16

23

30

7

14

20

28

Water 

level

5.16

4.95

4.86

4.8

4.60

4.40

4.30

4.2

4.08

4.0

3.85

3.90

3.95

Seminole County

35. Owner's well 1, farm 3. C. S. Lee. SEjNW^ sec. 26, 

R. 31 E. 

Highest and lowest weekly water level, in feet 

above measuring point, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Week

Jan.

Jan.

Feb.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr,

Apr.

May

May

June

Highest 

level

1-7

8-14

15-21

22-28

29 -Feb. 4

5-11

12-18

19-25

26-Mar. 3

4-10

11-17

18-24

25-31-

1-7

8-14

15-21

22-28

29 -May 5

6-12

13-19

20-26

27- June 2

3-9

10-16

20

20

20

20

19

20

20

20

19

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

19

20

19

19

20

20

.4

.8

.2

.4

.5

.3

.2

.7

.6

.3

.0

.4

.4

.6

.9

.4

.3

.3

.9

.1

.5

.9

.3

.5

Lowest 

level

18

19

18

9

18

19

19

19

18

18

19

19

19

20

19

19

19

19

19

18

18

18

19

19

.8

.9

.6

.4

.0

.1

.5

.1

.9

.6

.1

.1

.8

.0

.9

.4

.6

.3

.1

.5

.1

.3

.6

.9

Week

June

July

July

Aug.

Aug.

Sept

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Nov.

Dec.

T.

Hifhest 

level

17-23

24-30

1-7

8-14

15-21

22-28

29 -Aug. 4

5-11

12-18

19-25

26-Sept. 1

. 2-8

9-15

16-22

23-29

.30-Oct. 6

7-13

14-20

4-10

11-17

18-24

25-Dec. 1

2-8

9-15

2C

2C

2C

2C

2C

20

23

2]

2]

2]

23

23

23

21

23

23

2C

2C

2C

1£

1£

IS

19

1?

.5

.5

.7

.9

.8

.9

.1

.3

.4

.3

.3

.4

.6

.4

.3

.4

.9

.4

.0

.8

.8

.5

.4

.6

20 S

Lowest 

level

19

19

20

20

20

20

20

20

21

20

20

20

21

20

20

19

19

19

18

18

18

18

18

18

.9

.9

.0

.1

.2

.2

.5

.9

.0

.8

.6

.2

.0

.6

.4

.9

.6

.2

.8

.4

.2

.2

.4

.6
26 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

SOUTHEASTERN FLORIDA

Dade and Broward Counties

By W. P. Gross

Observations of water levels in wells in Dade and Broward Counties 

were continued during 1940 in connection with the ground-water investigation by the Federal Geological Survey in cooperation with the cities of 

Miami, Miami Beach, and Coral Gables, and with Dade County.

A brief description of the general geology and water resources of 

the area under investigation is included in Water-Supply Paper 886. A 

preliminary report of the investigation is in preparation.

Periodic measurements of water levels were being made by the 

Federal Geological Survey in 239 observation wells in Dade ard Broward 

Counties at the end of 1940. Twenty of the wells are equipped with 

automatic water-stage recorders; the rest of the wells are measured once 

a week. About 13,400 individual measurements of water level were made 

in 1940.

The rainfall at Miami during 1940 was 71.65 inches, which compares 

with a 33-year average of 58.82 inches. Precipitation was svbnormal in 

April, July, October, and November, and considerably above normal in May, 

June, and September.

Water levels in wells wore generally above normal durinf the year. 

The lowest stages of the year were reached in May, just prior to heavy 

rains in May and June. Heavy rains in September produced the highest 

water levels in four years. Water levels ware about 0.2 foot to 0.5 foot 

higher on December 31, 1940, than on December 31, 1939.

Dade County

F25. City of Opa Locka. NEj-SWj sec. 21, T. 52 S., R. 4-1 E. Measuring point, 10.04 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

16

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

Water 

level

8.32

8.38

8.46

8.32

8.32

8.54

8.31

8.33

8.45

8.63

8.76

8.89

8.92

Date

Apr. 1

8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

Water 

level

7.85

8.36

8.67

8.84

9.01

9.14

9.20

9.32

9.34

7.07

7.66

7.80

8.00

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

16

19

26

. 2

9

17

Water 

level

8.05

8.13

8.38

8.57

8.19

8.26

8.29

6.91

6.70

7.51

7.52

6.49

6.19

Date

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.24

1

7

14

21

4

12

18

25

7

23

30

Water 

level

5.43

6.03

6.40

6.69

6.90

6.62

7.11

7.31

7.50

7.80

7.87

7.30
500

Figure 2. Graphs showing fluctuations of water level in well S

precipitation and monthly pumpage at Hiale
28 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Dade County Continued.

P284. North Miami. SWiSEj sec. 26, T. 52 S., R. 41 E. 

feet, erroneously given as 61 feet In Water-Supply Paper 886. 

ing point, 13.28 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, In feet below measuring point, 1940

Depth 59 

MeasurDate

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

16

22

29

5

13

19

26

4

11

18

25

Water 

level

12.17

12.19

12.26

12.25

12.22

12.39

12.35

12.08

12.10

12.35

12.40

12.53

12.49

Date

Apr.

May

June

1

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

Water 

level

11.86

12.12

12.41

12.46

12.62

12.68

12.68

12.72

12.72

10.87

11.29

11.47

11.81

Date

July

Aug.

Sept.

1'8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

2

10

16

Water 

level

12.00

11.97

12.24

12.41

12.18

12.12

11.80

11.08

11.52

11.67

10.09

10.36

Date

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.24

9

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

8

24

31

Water 

level

8.68

10.43

10.79

11.07

11.02

10.95

11.28

11.57

11.78

12.02

11.92

11.57

S18. Model Dairy. NWjNWj sec. 15, T. 52 S., R. 41 E. Measuring 

point, 10.12 feet abbve mean sea, level, 1929 adjustment. Depth 52 feet, 

erroneously given as 53 feet in Water-Supply Paper 886.

Water level, In feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

12

19

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

8

8

8

8

8

 8

8

8

8

8

8

8

9

9

.44

.56

.61

.69

.60

.49

.73

.46

.45

.55

.77

.87

.03

.06

Apr.

May

June

July

1

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

1

7.79

8.34

8.70

8.89

9.11

9.26

9.37

9.44

9.52

7.07

7.67

7.82

8.14

8.27

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

. 2

9

16

23

30

7

8.38

8.62

8.82

8.32

8.40

8.45

7.32

7.80

7.73

5.90

6.09

5.09

5.94

6.44

Oct. 14

21

28

Nov. 4

11

18

25

Dec. 1

7

14

21

24

- 30

6.76

7.10

7.24

6.80

7.19

7.53

7.79

7.95

8.13

8.28

8.42

8.24

7.57

P288. North Miami Beach. SWjSWj sec. 7, T. 52 S., R. 42 E. Measuring point, 10.89 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment. D^pth 63 

feet, erroneously given 33 65 feet in Water-Supply Paper 886.

Water level, In feet below measuring point

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

16

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

9.37

9.47

9.57

9.54

9.43

9.64

8.98

9.23

9.39

8.63

9.76

9.86

9.92

Apr. 1

8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

8.63

9.15

9.52

9.74

9.96

10.12

10.25

10.33

10.34

7.86

8.43

8.60

9.00

July

Aug.

Sept.

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

20

27

3

10

17

24

9.24

9.37

9.62

9.81

9.61

9.48

9.31

8.48

8.75

8.78

6.53

6.08

6.00

Oct. 1

9

15

22

30

Nov. 5

12

19

26

Dec. 8

24

31

6.77

7.40

7.74

8.14

7.33

7.75

8.19

8.57

8.84

9.19

9.22

8.63

1940

D151. Peoples Water and Gas Company. Center of sec. 16, T. 52 S., 

R. 42 E. Measuring point, 0.2 foot above land surface, erroneously given 

as about 1 foot in Water-supply Paper 886, and 12.50 feet abova mean sea 

level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan. 2

8

12

19

22

29

10.89

10.82

10.96

10.98

10.90

10.99

Feb.

Mar.

5

12

19

26

4

11

11.18

10.89

10.82

10.85

11.12

11.06

Mar.

Apr.

18

25

1

8

15

19

11.27

11.09

10.64

10.91

11.27

11.14

Apr.

May

22

29

6

15

20

27

11.20

11.39

11.37

11.28

11.24

10.80
FLORIDA 29

Dade County Continued.

D151, Cont inued.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

June 3

10

17

24

July 1

8

15

22

29

Water 

level

9.14

10.05

10.34

10.69

10.94

10.90

11.20

11.25

11.28

Date

Aug.

>

Sept

5

12

19

26

. 2

9

16

21

Water 

level

11.04

10.58

10.35

10.42

10.62

8.85

8.77

7.80

Date

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

.27

4

9

16

22

29

5

12

Water 

level

8.49

8.94

9.44

9.79

10.04

9.86

11.05

11.39

Date

Nov. 19

26

Dec. 1

8

14

21

24

31

Water 

level

11.78

11.98

11.91

12.09

12.13

12.17

11.75

11.49

F12. City of Miami Springs. SEJNEJ sec. 24, T. 53 S., R. 40 

Measuring point, 10.57 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

1940

E.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

10.26

10.18

10.37

10.53

10.63

10.89

10.81

10.70

10.90

11.01

11.05

11.09

10.97

Apr. 1

8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

9.90

10.82

11.03

10.85

10.62

10.46

10.45

10.43

10.53

7.46

8.97

9.21

9.81

July 1

8

15

22

29

Aug. 5

12

19

26

Sept. 2

9

16

23

9.63

9.63

10.02

10.31

10.27

9.59

9.06

8.68

9.05

9.18

8.56

.8.00

6.50

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.30

7

14

21

28

4

11

18

25

7

23

30

7.38

7.93

8.25

8.58

8.81

8.47

8.72

9.15

9.25

9.83

9.80

9.23

319. City of Miami. HWjNE^ sec. 25, T. 53 S., R. 40 E. 

feet, erroneously given as 77 feet in Water-Supply Paper 886. 

point, 8.32 feet .above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment. Water 

affected by pumping in nearby city of Miami supply wells.

Water level, in feet below measuring point 1940

Depth 94.8 

Measuringlevels

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

12

19

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

7.22

7.25

7.42

7/49

7.59

7.73

8.01

7.75

7.92

7.84

8.01

8.05

8.17

8.19

Apr.

May

June

July

1

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

1

7.49

8.22

8.46

8.36

8.07

8.11

8.03

7.85

7.86

4.55

6.24

6.71

7.22

7.09

July

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

2

9

16

23

30

7

7.03

7.35

7.58

7.55

6.70

6.40

5.76

6.40

6.46

5.84

5.07

3.44

4.65

5.16

Oct. 14

21

28

Nov. 4

11

18

25

Dec* 1

7

14

21

23

30

5.57

5.82

6.06

5.67

5.95

6.20

6.48

6.60

6.89

7.16

7.23

7.16

6.23

F9. 

Measuring

City of Miami Springs. SE^SEi see. 19, T. 53 S., R. 41 E. 

point, 7.44 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water lev.el, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

6.63

6.66

6.49

6.81

6.88

7.01

6.88

6.72

6.78

7.00

7.05

7.12

7.05

Apr. 1

8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

6.65

7.04

7.17

7.19

6.81

6.95

6.85

6.87

6.87

4.68

6.15

6.25

6.59

July

Aug.

Sept

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

. 2

9

16

23

6

6

6

6

6

6

5

5

6

6

5

5

3

.57

.50

.81

.98

.88

.37

.87

.87

.05

.23

.71

.35

.52

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.30

7

14

21

28

4

11

18

25

7

23

30

4.45

4.93

5.27

5.46

5.61

5.44

5.57

5.99

6.15

6.37

6.40

5.97

418675 O - 42 - 3
30 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Dade County Continued.

F62. City of Miami. SEjSE^ sec. 14, T. 53 S., R. 41 E. 

point, 13.26 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Measuring

Date

Jan. 3

8

15

22

29

Feb. 6

13

20

27

Mar. 5

12

19

26

Apr. 2

Water 

level

12.10

12.22

12.20

12.14

12.24

12.37

12.10

12.10

12.17

12.34

12.38

12.49

12.49

11.83

Date

Apr.

May -

June

July

9

16

23

30

7

14

21

28

4

11

18

25

2

Water 

level

12.18

12.43

12.51

12.57

12.63

12.61

12.64

12.59

9.43

10.38

10.83

11.50

11.59

Date

July 8

16

23

30

Aug. 6

13

20

27

Sept. 3

10

17

24

Oct. 1

Water

level

11.^8

12.04

12.31

12.42

12.10

11.58

10.63

11.05

11.37

9.69

9.74

7.01

8.27

Date

Oct. 8

15

22

29

Nov. 5

12

19

26

Dec. 3

10

17

24

31

Water 

level

9.52

10.40

10.92

10.93

10.75

11.12

11.49

11.79

12.00

12.12

12.23

12.06

11.50

P109. City of Miami. NEjSEi sec. 10, T. 53 S., R. 41 E. Measuring 

point, 11.20 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr*.

3

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

5

12

19

26

2

10.30

10.31

10.24

10.40

10.41

10.50

10.35

10.27

10.30

10.48

10.54

10.61

10.66

10.01

Apr.

May

June

July

9

16

23

30

7

14

21

28

4

11

18

25

2

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

8

9

9

9

9

.35

.58

.64

.74

.74

.73

.72

.74

.41

.24

.48

.94

.87

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

8

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

. 3

10

17

24

1

9.94

10.30

10.48

10.46

10.22

9.64

9.23

9.60

9.76

8.82

8.48

6.36

7.32

Oct. 8

15

22

29

Nov. 5

12

19

26

Dec. 3

10

17

24

31

8.23

8.86

9.18

9.02

9.09

9.33

9.67

9.90

10.02

10.13

10.24

10.02

9.67

F233 

point, 12

, City of Miami. SW^SEj sec. 33, T. 53 S., R, 

,34 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

41 E. Measuring

Jan. 3

8

16

22

29

Feb. 6

13

20

27

Mar. 5

12

19

26

Apr. 2

Water level, in

11.30

11.37

11.26

11.50

11.60

11.49

11.57

11.36

11.37

11.53

11.57

11.59

11.69

11.67

Apr. 9

16

23

30

May 7

14

21

28

June 4

11

18

25

July 2

feet below measuring

11.74

11.72

11.70

11.87

11.76

11.74

11.61

11.72

10.29

10.97

11.19

11.35

11.38

July 8

16

23

30

Aug. 7

14

21

28

Sept. 4

11

18

25

Oct. 2

point. 1940

11.29

11.69

11.57

11.71

11.31

10.60

10.75

10.79

11.03

10.39

10.15

9.11

9.41

Oct. 8

15

22

30

Nov. 5

12

19

27

Dec. 3

10

17

24

31

9.90

10.29

10.43

10.32

10.53

10.56

10.95

11.20

11.22

11.28

11.39

11.05

10.96

F240. City of Hialeah. NW-J-NEi sec. 8, T. 53 S., R. 41 F. Measuring point, 10.55 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

2

8

15

22

29

5

9.45

9.48

9.41

9.42

9.41

9.57

Feb.

Mar.

12

19

26

4

11

18

9.41

9.46

9.46

9.62

9.73

9.85

Mar.

Apr.

25

1

8

15

22

29

9.88

8.89

9.41

9.72

9.88

9.95

May

June

6

13

20

27

3

10

9.97

9.98

10.02

10.02

7.43

8.12
FLORIDA 31

Dade County Continued.

P240. Continued.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

June 17 

24 

July 1 

8 

15 

22 

29

Water 

level

8.35 

8.93 

9.01 

8.80 

9.29 

9.63 

9.56

Date

Aug. 5 

12 

19 

26 

Sept . 2 

9 

16

Water 

level

9.38 

9.05 

8.07 

8.59 

8.80 

8.12 

7.63

Date

Sept. 24 

30 

Oct. 7 

14 

21 

28 

Nov. 4

Water 

level

5.50 

6.13 

6.90 

7.53 

7.93 

8.21 

7.81

Date

Nov. 11 

18 

25 

Dec. 7 

23 

30

Water 

level

8.20 

8.44 

8.70 

9.06 

9.25 

8.67

P268. City of HIaleah. SWiSEi sec. 18, T. 53 S., R. 41 E. 

Ing point, 8.48 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

MeasurJan.

Feb.

Mar.

2

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

Water level

7.56

7.61

7.45

7.64

7.66

7.81

7.67

7.62

7.66

7.92

7.91

8.12

8.03

Apr.

May

June

, In

1

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

feet below measuring

7.33

7.77

8.06

8.11

7.91

8.02

7.98

8.01

8.03

5.71

6.62

6.92

7.40

July

Aug.

Sept.

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

2

9

16

23

point, 1940

7.41

7.28

7.74

7.96

7.95

7.40

6.94

6.61

6.93

7.06

6.55

5.95

4.18

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.30

7

14

21

28

4

11

18

25

7

23

30

4.71

5.33

5.80

6.12

6.33

6.02

6.25

6.60

6.85

7.22

7.27

6.81

D8. City of Miami. SW^NE^ sec. 36, T. 53 S., R. 41 E. Measuring 

point, 13.76 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring joint, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

3

8

16

22

29

6

13

20

27

5

12

19

26

11.72

11.73

11.65

11.94

11.99

11.83

11.91

11.64

11.67

13.98

11.79

11.86

11.83

Apr. 2

9

16

23

30

May 7

14

21

28

June 4

11

18

25

12 ..07

11.97

11.82

11.83

12.36

12.26

11.73

11.60

11.72

9.55

10.95

12.79

11.81

July

Aug.

Sept

2

8

16

23

30

7

14

21

27

. 4

11

18

25

11.65

11.49

11.80

11.63

11.70

11.47

10.60

11.19

10.01

12.47

11.40

10.37

9.81

Oct. 2

8

15

22

Nov. 6

12

19

26

Dec. 3

10

17

24

31

9.83

10.48

10.79

10.81

11.00

11.06

11.34

11.56

13.23

13.25

13.35

11.35

11.38

S1A. City of Miami. NWjSWi sec. 19, T. 53 S., R. 41 E. In the 

Parkway, south of Deer Run, Miami Springs. Driven observation well, 

diameter 2 Inches, depth 11 feet. Measuring point, top of casing, 1.4 

feet above land surface and 8.31 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment. Readings furnished by city of Miami are In feet above city of 

Miami datum; the accompanying hydrograph has been corrected to mean sea 

level on the basis of levels to the measuring point, by subtracting 0.19 

foot.

Water level, In feet with reference to city of Miami datum, 1940

Jan. 1

8

15

22

29

Feb. 5

12

19

26

Mar. 4

11

18

25

Apr. 1

+ 0.2

+ .2

+ .3

- .1

- .3

- .9

- .3

- .1

- .2

- .9

- .4

- .7

- .2

+ .7

Apr. 8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

July 1

-0.1

- .3

.0

.0

+ .4

+ .3

+ .4

+ .3

+ 3.6

+ 1.7

+ 1.6

+ 1.0

+ 1.2

July 8

15

22

29

Aug. 4

11

18

25

Sept. 2

9

16 ' 23

30

+ 1.2

+ .7

+ .4

+ .4

+ 1.2

+ 1.2

+2.3

+ 1.6

+ 1.6

+2.5

+ 2.9

+ 4.6

+3.4

Oct. 7

14

21

28

Nov. 4

11

18

25

Dec. 2

9

16

23

30

+2.6

+ 2.5

+ 1.9

+ 1.7

+2.2

+ 1.8

+1.4

+ 1.1

+ 1.0

+ .7

+ .7

+ .6

+ 1.5
32 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Bade County Continued.

Maximum and minimum water levels by months, In feet 

with reference to city of Miami datum, 1926-40

Year

1926-27

1927-28 

1928-29 .

1929-30

1930-31

1931-32

1932-33

1933-34

1934-35

1935-36

Oct.

+2.8 

+1.8

'+5.5

+ 4.5

+7.8 

+7.0

+4.3 

+ 2.6

+4.3 

+3.6

+5.8 

+3.5

+4.8 

+ 1.8

+2.3 

+ 1.5

+3.1

Nov.

+2.9 

+ 1.35

+ 5.2

+3.9

+ 7.4 

+5.4

+ 4.2 

+3.3

+ 4.3 

+ 2.1

+ 7.0 

+4.4

+3.7 

+3.0

+ 1.2 

+ .9

+ 5.1

Dec.

+ 1.3 

+ .2

+3.9

+2.9

+6.4 

+ 5.3

+3.3 

+ 2.1

+ 2.1 

+ 1.2

+4.4 

+2.5

+2.9 

+2.2

+ .9 

+ .1

+2.4

Jan.

+ 0.6 

.0

+3.0

+ 1.6

+ 5.3 

+3.9

+2.1 

+ 1.5

+ 1.2 

+ .8

+2.4 

+1.2

+ 2.1 

+ 1.5

+ .3 

- .3

+ .8

Feb.

+0.1 

- .3

+ 1.5

+ .6

+3.9 

+2.7

+ 1.5 

+ .9

+ .9 

+ .5

+ 1.1 

+ .5

+ 1.5 

+ .7

- .2 

- .6

+ .2

Mar.

-0.1 

- .65

+ .7

+ .3

+2.7 

+ 2.0

+2.1 

+ .9

+ .6 

+ .4

+ .8 

+ .3

+ .9 

+ .1

- .6 

-1.2

+ .2

Apr.

-0.6 

- .8

+ .5

+ .2

+2.0 

+ 1.5

+ 1.6 

+ 1.2

+ .5 

+ .2

+ .3

+ .1

+1.2 

+ .1

+ .6 

-1.2

- .3

May June

-0.5 

-0.5 -1.0

+2.1 +3.1 

-1.0 +1.7

+2.2 +2.0

+ .2 +1.5

+1.6 +6.9 

+1.1 +2.0

+1.7 +1.4 

+1.4 +1.0

+4.3 +4.8 

+ .4 +3.6

+ .6 + .9 

+ .2 + .3

+4.5 +3.5 

+ .3 +2.4

+ .6 +1.8 

- .4 - .2

+ .5 +4.9

July

+ 1.1 

- .8

+ 2.3

+ .9

 4-P Ct Q *s

+2.2

+ 5.7 

+4.1

+1.2 

+ .7

+3.4 

+2.0

+ 1.3 

+ .7

+2.3

+ 1.0

+1.8 

+ .4

+3.4

Aug.

+ 0.45 

- .16

+3.4 

+1.0

+ 2.6

+2.1

+ 4.1 

+3.3

+0.8 

+ .5

+3.4 

+ 1.6

+1.6 

+ 1.0

+ 1.3 

+ .9

+1.1 

+ .1

+3.9

Sept.

+2.00 

+ .3

+ 5.4 

+3.2

+2.4

+3.4 

+3.0

+4.3 

+ .3

+4.4 

+2.8

+ 1.8 

+ 1.5

+2.8 

+ 1.3

+ 2.2 

+ .5

+3.6

1936-37 +3.6 +2.6 +1.3 + .5 - .5 + .2 + .8 - .3 - .6 +1.2 +1.1 +2.9

+2.1 +1.3 + .4 - .8 - .9 -1.0 - .8 - .8 -1.4 - .7 - .1 + .3

1937-38 +4.2 +2.4 +1.1 + .1 - .5 - .9 - .7 +1.6 +1.4 +1.9 + .8 +1.3

+2.5 +1.0 - .1 - .5 -1.4 -1.4 -1.0 - .9 + .4 + .5 - .1 - .3

1933-39 

1939-40 

1940-41

P186 

point, 13

+2 

+ 1

+3

+

+3 

+ 1

.0 +1.2 

.1 + .5

.8 +4.0 

.7 +1.1

.3 +2.5 

.6 +1.0

+ .5

- .4

+ 1.3 

.0

+ 1.5 

+ 0.4

- .4 -1. 

-1.1 -1.

+ .5

- .8 -1.

0 - 

3 -1

0 + 

5 -

.9 -1 

.5 -1

.8 + 

.9 -

. City of Miami. SEjSEi sec. 1, T 

.90 feet above mean sea level, 1929

Water level, In feet below measi

.0 + . 

.5-1.

.7 +1. 

.9 - .

7 + .7 +2.6 

2 -1.2 -1.1

2 +3.8 +1.3 

1 + .9 + .3

. 54 S., R. 

ad jus tment

arlng point

40 E. 

1940

+ .7 

-1.1

+ 2.6 

+ .6

+ .9 

+ .2

+ 5.1 

+ 1.5

Measuring

Date

Jan. 3

8

15

22

29

Feb. 5

12

19

26

Mar. 4

11

18

26

Apr. 2

Water 

level

11.88

12.00

11.85

11.91

11.98

12.18

11.97

12.04

12.10

12.27

12.37

12.52

12.60

12.08

Date

Apr. 8

15

22

29

May 7

14

20

28

June 4

10

17

25

July 2

Water 

level

12.39

12.67

12.76

12.89

12.99

13.05

13.10

13.11

9.97

10.94

11.46

11.88

11.48

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

9

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

. 3

10

17

24

1

Water 

level

11.95

12.25

12.51

12.66

12.25

11.35

10.29

10.94

11.40

10.64

10.13

7.47

8.75

Date

Oct. 8

14

22

29

Nov. 5

12

19

26

Dec. 3

10

17

24

31

Water 

level

9.70

10.29

10.85

11.08

11.05

11.23

11.46

11.66

11.80

11.97

12.10

11.81

11.36
FLORIDA 33

Bade County Continued.

D70. City of Miami. Sec. 39, T. 54 3., R. 41 E. 

10.90 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Measuring point.

1940

Date

Jan. 3

8

16

22

29

Feb. 5

12

19

26

Mar. 5

12

19

26

Apr. 2

Water 

level

8.68

8.81

8.54

8.93

9.01

9.05

8.93

8.77

8.71

8.85

8.87

8.88

8.79

9.05

Date

Apr. 9

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

July 1

Water 

level

9.03

8.90

10.97

10.96

10.93

10.68

10.79

10.66

6.83

8.52

8.59

8.64

7.86

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

8

15

24

31

7

14

21

28

. 4

11

18

25

2

Water 

level

7.74

9.00

8.89

8.91

10.41

7.97

8.59

8.41

8.52

7.88

7.80

7.23

7.07

Date

Oct. 9

16

23

30

Nov. 6

13

19

27

Dec. 4

11

18

24

31

Water 

level

7.85

8.08

8.27

8.12

10.34

10.38

10.52

10.81

11.05

10.82

11.04

8.65

8.68

S196. State of Florida. SWjSBj sec. 35, T. 56 S., R. 33 E. University of Florida Sub-Tropical Experiment Station, Waldin Drive, 0.3 mile 

west of Redland Road, northwest of Homestead. Drilled observation well, 

diameter 4 inches, depth 20 feet. Float tape-gage readings are taken as 

depths below approximate land surface, 10.32 feet above mean sea level, 

1929 adjustment. Records furnished by Experiment Station.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 194C

Jan. 1

8

15

23

29

Feb. 5

13

19

27

Mar. 5

11

18

26

Apr. 1

6.23

6.40

6.62

6.94

7.05

7.27

7.09

7.12

7,24

7.51

7.53

7.80

8.00

7.47

Apr. 8

15

22

29

May 7

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

July 1

7.42

7.70

8.10

8.39

8.72

8.96

9.25

9.44

7.93

7.35

7.50

7.88

6.91

July 8

15

22

29

Aug. 5

12

19

26

Sept. 2

9

16

23

30

6.93

7.11

6.66

5.56

5.00

5.47

4.43

4.35

4.26

1.65

2.84

2.50

3.04

Oct. 7

14

21

28

Nov. 4

12

18

25

Dec. 2

9

16

23

30

3.96

4.67

5.26

5.70

5.38

5.90

6.25

6.57

6.77

7.00

7.18

7.29

6.26

Maximum and minimum water levels by months, in feet 

below measuring point, 1932-41

Year

1932-33

1933-34

1934-35

1935-36

1936-37

1937-38

Oct.

2.20 

5.00

.74 

3.90

4.45 

5.67

3.46 

4.90

4.36 

5.72

2.36 

4.38

Nov.

2.85 

5.25

2.64 

5.40

5.73 

6.84

2.95 

5.56

5.41 

6.36

4.60 

6.43

Dec. Jan.

5.14 6.43 

6.43 7.24

5.40 6.80 

6.80 7.06

6.88 7.71 

7.68 8.40

5.68 6.57 

6.78 7.38

6.38 7.25 

7.23 8.03

6.47 6.90 

7.23 7.73

Feb.

7.26 

8.25

7.03 

7.92

8.43 

8.97

5.67 

7.00

7.90 

8.40

7.77 

8.52

Ma r.

7.55 

8.33

7.74 

8.50

8.99 

9.65

4.59 

6.52

7.08 

8.05

8.55 

9.14

Apr.

7.44 

8.42

8.0 

8.80

8.77 

10.33

5.79 

7.36

....

8.77 

9.67

May

6.45 

7.96

1.90 

8.12

8.78 

9.32

6.95 

8.08

6.74 

7.92

9.00 

9.98

June

5.88 

6.81

3.70 

4.70

5.66 

9.50

1.15 

6.74

7.90 

8.56

6.53 

8.90

July

5.50 

7.06

4.53 

5.60

5.07 

6.06

2.45 

4.80

6.45 

8.15

5.10 

6.36

Aug.

3.54 

6.09

4.70 

5.45

5.09 

6.33

3.26 

4.61

4.99 

6.48

4.85 

7.12

Sept.

4.43 

6.14

....

2.12 

5.71

3.97 

5.20

1.94 

5.55

5.40 

7.64
34 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Dade County Continued.

Maximum and minimum water levels by months, in feet" 

below measuring point, 1932-41 Continued.

Year Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept.

1938-394.92 6.38 7.22 8.46 9.169.77 10.289.17 7.50 5.19 5.85 4.94 

6.32 7.28 8.42 9.15 9.75 10.37 10.54 10.71 9.70 7.34 6.92 6.06

1939-40 2.50 2.90 5.80 6.23 7.01 7.36 7.27 8.45 6.96 4.76 3.75 1.65 

5.94 5.74 7.03 7.10 7.31 8.03 8.42 9.54 9.31 7.25 5.54 4.46

1940-41 3.23 5.20 6.26 

5.70 6.75 7.33

Broward County

S329. City of Port Lauderdale. SW^NBi aec. 12, T. 50 S., R. 41 B. 

North of caretaker's house, Fort Lauderdale Golf Course. Drilled test 

well, diameter 4 inches, depth 68 feet. Measuring point, top of casing, 

1.2 feet above land surface and 10.42 feet above mean sea Iev3l, 1929 

adjustment. Water-stage recorder maintained on well since Sept. 27, 1940.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Sept. 27 

Oct. 1 

7 

15

Water 

level

2.48 

2.61 

3.25 

3.67

Date

Oct. 22 

29

Nov. 5 

12

Water 

level

4.08 

3.16 

3.78 

4.41

Date

Nov. 19 

26 

Dec. 1 

8

Water 

level

4.83 

5.15 

5.29 

5.74

Date

Dec. 14 

21 

24 

31

Water 

level

5.57 

5.93 

4.98 

4.47

P294. City of Hollywood. SB|-SEi sec. 9, T. 51 S., R. 42 E. NW corner 

of 24th Avenue and Hayes Street, Hollywood. Drilled fire well, diameter 

6 inches, depth 133 feet. Measuring point, lip of hydrant, 1.8 feet above 

land surface and 16.08 feet above mean sea level, 1929 adjustment.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan. 2

8

16

22

29

Feb. 5

12

19

26

Mar. 4

11

18

25 -

Apr. 1

14.41

14.53

14.62

14.72

14.53

14.75

14.52

14.38

14.43

14.71

14.84

14.97

15.01

13.67

Apr. 8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

July 1

14.15

14.58

14.86

15.08

15.31

15.46

15.58

15.54

12.77

13.50

13.46

14.05

14.38

July 8

15

22

29

Aug. 5

12

19

26

Sept. 2

10

17

24

Oct. 1

14.64

14.90

15.07

15.04

14.57

14.30

13.64

13.04

13.32

11.24

11.36

11.03

11.83

Oct. 9

15

22

30

Nov. 5

12

19

26

Dec. 1

8

14

24

31

12.34

12.64

13.03

12.06

12.31

12.90

13.36

13.70

13.90

14.19

14.38

14.22

13.38
GEORGIA

By M. A. Warren and A. C. Munyan

Measurements of artesian water levels and pressures in observation 

wells in the Coastal Plain of Georgia, which were begun in November 1938, 

were continued through 1940 as a part of cooperative ground-w^ter investigations by the Federal Geological Survey and the Division of Mines, 

Mining and Geology,of the Georgia Department of Natural Resources. Most 

of the measurements were made in the part of the State that borders the 

Atlantic Ocean, within about 40 miles of the coast line, and in Dougherty 

County, in southwestern Georgia. The wo'rk in the coastal are0 was carried 

on by M. A. Warren, and that in Dougherty County by A. C. Munyan, Geologist 

of the State Division .of Mines, Mining and Geology.

Within the coastal area 546 individual measurements were made in 103 

observation wells during 1940. Forty-eight measurements, mad** in these 

wells before 1940, are also given in the following tables of well records. 

During 1940 water-stage recorders were operated on 4 wells (8, 79, 123, 

126) in Chatham County, for all or part of the year, and a recording 

pressure gage was operated on well 1, Glynn County, at Brunswick, for 28 

weeks during the year.

Artesian water levels in wells ending in the Ocala limestone, the 

principal aquifer in the coastal area, declined generally during 1940. 

This decline was greatest in Savannah and in the neighboring industrial 

area, where from November 1939 to November 1940, the water levels in 

wells 8, 28, 30, 50 and 74, Chatham County, declined about 13, lOij, 11, 

9, and 13 feet. The declines were caused mainly by an increase in the 

pumpage in the industrial areas of SavannaK. The pumpage during the 

last 3 months of 1940 is estimated to be about 4J- million gallons a day 

more than it was during the comparable period in 1939. The accompanying 

illustration shows the pumpage for the Savannah and industrial area 

during 1940, and another illustration shows the piezometric surface of 

the artesian water in Chatham County for November 1940 and also the

location of the observation wells.

35
pumpage in Savannah area

Pumpage by Union Bag and Paper Co

Pumpage by Savannah Water Works

Figure 3. Graphs showing pumpage from wells in the v
GEORGIA. 37

Throughout Bryan, Liberty, Mclntosh, Glynn, Camden, and Wayne 

Counties the decline in artesian water levels in wells ending in the 

Ocala limestone ranged from 0.5 foot to 1.5 feet. This decline may 

have been caused by an increase in the discharge of artesian water 

and also to subnormal precipitation in some parts of the arers. of recharge .

Only a few accurate measurements made prior to November 1938 are 

available for comparison with artesian water levels in 1940, but the 

levels in 1940 appear to be generally the lowest that have occurred 

to date and range from 4 feet to more than 70 feet below the estimated 

original water levels. At Savannah, in areas less than two miles from 

heavily pumped wells, the decline from the original water levels have 

exceeded 70 feet.
38 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

o Observation well

Scale of Miles

02468

Figure 4. Map showing piezometric surface of artesian water in November, 1940, 

and location of observation wells in Chatham County, Georgia. Countour 

lines represent the height, in feet, to which water will rise 

with reference to mean sea level in tightly cased wells 

that penetrate the OcHla limestone.
GEORGIA 39

Bryan County

18. Mrs. S. P. Ratom. At Polley Farms, 5.75 miles southeast of Ways, 

1 mile east of Bryan Neck Road, near fountain in garden, in front of large 

two story white house. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 4 inches, 

depth about 500 feet. Measuring point, top of 4-inch tee on well casing, 

0.9 foot above land surface. Water levels, in feet above mersuring point: 

Dec. 21, 1938, 10.0; Sept. 24, 1940, 8.3.

27. No measurements made in 1940.

41. Mrs. D. B. Gill. About 5 miles northwest of Ways. Altitude of 

measuring point, 17.52 feet above mean sea level. Water level, in feet 

above measuring point, 1940: Nov. 28, 13.0.

51. W. H. Davis. 

1940; Nov. 8, 11.05.

Clyde. Water level, in feet above measuring point,

52. Clyde Consolidated School. Clyde. Water level, in feet above 

measuring point, 1940: Nov. 8, 7.45.

63. W. C. McCallar. About 200 feet east of road, 4.5 niles north 

of Fleming. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 490 feet. 

Measuring point, top of 3-inch tee, 0.6 foot above land surface. Water 

levels, in feet above measuring point: Jan. 30, 1939, 16.8; Nov. 28, 1940, 

15.1

71. Green Bay Baptist Church. South side of River Road, 5.5 miles 

west of State Highway 63, 30 feet southwest of southwest corner of Green 

Bay Baptist Church. Used jetted well, diameter 3 inches. Measuring point, 

top of 3-inch tee, 1.0 foot above land surface and about 35 feet above 

mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Feb. 20, 

1939, 3.63; Nov. 8, 1940, 3.58.

87. Henry Ford, 

mean sea level.

Ways. Altitude of measuring point 24.44 feet above

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 15 

30 

Feb. 27

Water 

level

1.74 

1.77 

1.67

Date

Mar. 18 

Aug. 21 

Sept. 24

Water 

level

1.62 

0.77 

0.39

Date

Oct. 1 

Nov. 12

Water 

level

0.35 

0,37

Date

Nov. 27 

Dec. 17

Water 

level

0.57 

0.26

96. J. W. Harden. About 300 feet east Bryan Neck Road, 1.7 miles 

south of Keller. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 320 

feet. Cased 60 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch tee, 1.7 feet above 

land surface. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: May 5, 1939, 

9.3; Dec. 17, 1940, 8.0.

112. L. W, Smith. South side of River Road. About 12 niles west of 

State Highway 63. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 

510 feet. Cased 160 feet. Measuring point, top of 3 by 2-inch bushing, 

0.5 foot above land surface and about 38 feet above mean sea level. Water 

levels, in feet above measuring point: May 5, 1939, 8.55; Dec. 17, 1940, 

5.95.

119. Henry Ford. At Kilkenny, 12^ miles south-southeast of Ways, at 

north side of club house. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 2 inches. 

Measuring point, top of 2-inch tee on well, 0.8 foot above land surface 

and 10.8 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet al ove 

measuring point: May 12, 1939, 9.95; Dec. 17, 1940, 8.7-
40 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Camden County

3. Well 20 in Water-Supply Paper 886. Town of St. Marys. About 

0.25 mile north of River View Hotel, St. Marys. Used jetted municipal 

well, diameter 6 inches, depth 539 feet. Cased 345 feet. Measuring 

point, top of 6-inch tee, 2.3 feet above land surface and 14.35 feet 

above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 19 

31

Water 

level

34.1 

33.7

Date

Feb. 28 

Mar. 21

Water 

level

34.5 

34.2

Date

Aug. 23 

Oct. 2

Water 

level

33.1 

33.7

Date

Nov. 14 

Dec. 19

Water 

level

34.0 

33.5

8. M. L. Hill. Kingsland. Altitude of measuring point, 36.5 feet 

above mean sea level. Town well 94. Not flowing when measurements were 

made.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Jan. 19 

31

23.5

23.45

Feb. 

Mar.

28 

21

23.9 

23.75

Aug. 

Oct.

23 

2

23.3

23.7

Nov. 

Dec.

14 

20

23.2 

22.7

12. Hopkins and Southwell Co. Kingsland. About 50 feet west of 

U. S. Highway 17 on north side of town street, one block north of State % 

Highway 40, at Sinclair Pilling Station, north side of board fence. Used 

jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches. Measuring point, top of 3-inch 

cross on casing, 1.5 feet above land surface and 36.9 feet above mean sea 

level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1938-40

Date

Nov. 14, 

Feb. 28,

1938 

1940

Water 

level

23.9 

23.2

Date

Aug. 23 

Oct. 2

Water 

level

22.7 

23.0

Date

Nov. 14 

Dec. 20

Water 

level

22.6 

22.0

18. L. 0. Harris. East side of State Highway 40, 0.75 nrile north of 

River View Hotel, St. Marys. Altitude of measuring point, 11.35 feet above 

mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 19 

31

Water 

level

38.3 

38.5

Date

Feb. 28 

Mar. 21

Water 

level

38.9 

38.75

Date

Aug. 23 

Oct. 2

Water 

level

38.2 

38.05

Date

Nov. 14 

Dec. 19

Water 

level

38.3 

37.80

19. Camden Training School. Behind school building on east side of 

highway, about 1 mile north of River View Hotel, St. Marys. Altitude of 

measuring point, 12.7 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Jan. 19 

31

37.8 

37.8

Feb. 

Mar.

28 

21

38.1 

38.0

Aug. 

Oct.

23 

2

37.0 

37.3

Nov. 14 37.5

32. No measurements made in 1940.

39. Holland and Halter Fishery. West side of North River, 1.5 miles 

north of River View Hotel, St. Marys.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 19 

Mar. 21

Water 

level

37.8 

37.9

Date

Aug. 23 

Oct. 2

Water 

level

56.85 

37.3

Date

Dec. 19

Water 

level

37.0
GEORGIA 41

Camden County Continued.

61. Camden properties. At Billysville, about 3.5 miles southeast of 

Woodbine, 2 miles east of Colesburg, north side of county road at tenant 

quarters. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches. Measuring point, 

top of 3-inch cross on casing, 1.8 feet above land surface and about 24 

feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1939-40

Date

June 22, 

Aug. 25,

1959 

1940

Water 

level

56.7 

55.4

Date

Oct. 2

Water 

level

55.5

Date

Nov. 14

Water 

level

55.1

66. No measurements made in 1940.

68. Kings Bay Club. At Kings Bay, about 10 miles east of Kingsland 

and about 4 miles northeast of St. Marys. Used jetted domestic well, 

diameter 3 inches, depth 525 feet. Cased 320 feet. Measuring point, top 

of 3-inch cross, 1.5 feet above land surface and about 12 feet above mean 

sea level. Water level affected by tide.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1959-40

June 25,

Jan. 19,

51

1939

1940

47.5

44.55

44.2

Feb.

Mar.

Aug.

28

21

25

44.2

44.2

44.5

Oct.

Dec.

2

19

44.0

43.8

78. White Oak Public School. White Oak, about 0.1 mile south of 

county road to Tarboro, about 400 feet west of Seaboard Railroad. Used 

jetted public well, diameter 2 inches. Measuring point, to^ of 2-inch 

cross on casing, 2.5 feet above land surface.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1959-40

Sept 

Aug.

.14, 

23,

1939 

1940

42.3 

41.25

Oct. 

Nov.

2

15

41 

40

.5

.75

Dec. 20 40. 2

144. T. C. Heygood. Woodbine, about 100 feet east of U. S. Highway 17, 

0.5 mile south of Camden County Courthouse. Used jetted domestic well, 

diameter 3 inches, depth 410 feet. Cased about 300 feet. Measuring point, 

top of 3-inch cross on casing, 1 foot above land surface. Water levels, in 

feet above measuring point; Dec. 8, 1959, 59.1; Aug. 22, 1940, 37.6; 

Oct. 2, 1940, 59.1; Nov. 15, 1940, 58.2.

Chatham County

8. Owner's number 8. City of Savannah. Stiles Ave., Savannah. 

Altitude of measuring point, 8.32 feet above mean sea level. Equipped 

with Stevens automatic water-stage recorder. Daily fluctuations of water 

levels mostly due to pumping of city wells 2,100 to 5,800 feet distant.

Highest and lowest water level each week, 

in feet below measuring point. 1940 

(from recorder charts;

Date

Jan. 3

5

7

11

14

20

25

27

30

Feb. 3

8

10

12

Water 

level

35.55

42.28

55.88

39.64

35.83

45.20

39.02

49.00

50.50

44.78

46.28

40.01

38.70

Date

Feb. 16

19

21

25

28

Mar. 6

8

10

13

17

20

24

29

Water

level

44.06

58.06

43.43

38.48

45.11

58.55

42.27

58.99

43.44

59.15

44.77

58.78

47.97

Date

Mar. 51

Apr. 4

7

11

14

17

21

24

28

May 1

7

11

12

Water 

level

40.78

47.26

41.52

46.16

40.51

46.58

40.96

47.57

42.10

46.94

49.62

38.82

38.96

Date

May 16

19

21

27

27

Jure 2

5

10

14

16

20

24

27

Water 

level

49.67

42.39

50.65

41.85

47.00

45.15

46.72

45.25

46.80

45.59

48.76

44.53

48.58
42 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Chatham County Continued.

8. Continued.

Highest and lowest water level each week,

in feet below measuring point, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Date

July 1

5

8

9

15

16

Aug. 15

17

18

20

26

26

Water 

level

48*00

41.08

42.82

47.91

44.37

49.25

45.58

52.26

46.96

53.06

47.95

54.59

Date

Sept. 4

6

9

11

15

17

23

24

30

Oct. 3

6

10

Water 

level

42.15

52.28

46.40

55.17

48.10

55.82

47.37

54.26

46.59

53.81

49.55

53.66

Date

Oct. 13

14

22

26

27

Nov. 1

5

8

11

13

17

18

Water 

level

49.26

53.56

53.16

46.26

46.22

56 .'24

50.55

57.15

49.19

53.25

49.45

52.42

Date

Nov. 24

29

Dec. 1

4

8

13

15

17

21

28

29

31

Water 

level

48.88

52.27

48.33

52.17

47.82

51.83

48.13

51.66

51.14

38.95

44.18

48.97

28. Reliance Fertilizer Company. About 300 feet south of Louisville 

Road and about 2 miles west of West Broad Street, Savannah. Altitude of 

measuring point, 17.87 feet above mean sea level.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

2

16

23

30

6

45.60

45.67

45.69 -

49.82

50.95

48.73

48.73

48.53

48.70

49.30

50.18

51.40

Apr.

May

June

July

13 

20

27

4

11

18

25

8

15

22

29

6

50.00

49.38

51.32

51.14

43.23

46,85

47.43

51.98

48.64

50.16

53.50

50.48

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

20

3

10

17

24

31

. 7

14

21

28

5

12

53

55

57

55

57

56

59

56

57

56

56

56

.70

.87

.20

.72

.22

.84

.62

.66

.26

.50

.95

.81

Oct. 26

Nov. 2

9

16

30

Dec. 7

14

28

30

31

56.62

57.02

57.61

56.77

56.22

55.44

55.96

47.94

52.48

53.82

29. Port Wentworth Corp. About 300 feet east of U. S. Highway 17, 

near elevated steel tank, Port Wentworth. Used drilled municipal well, 

diameter 12 inches, depth 502 feet. Cased 200 feet. Measuring point, 

top edge of hole in pump base plate, 1.5 feet above land surface and 17.3 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point: 

Apr. 11, 1939, 18.55} Aug. 16, 1940, 24.15} Oct. 17, 1940, 25.9.

30^- Dixie Asphalt Co. About 475 feet southwest of Savarnah River, 

3.4 miles northwest of Savannah City Hall. Altitude of measuring point, 

11.5 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

2

9

16

23

30

38.4

38.01

38.7

40.89

43.32

41.46

42.46.

41.97

42.13

42.40

42.51

42.64

43.18 '

Apr.

May

June

July

6

20

27

4

11

18

25

1

8

15

22

29

6

45

43

a49

a 49

37

45

39

43

45

48

49

50

43

.00

.17

.48

.73

.16

.26

.14

.11

.63

.31

.87

.37

.36

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

31

. 7

14

21

28

5

47.10

50.77

50.73

a53.30

a54.41

49.98

a54.89

51,3

49.33

50.46

a55.1

51.4

50.58

Oct. 12

19

26

Nov. 2

9

16

23

30

Dec. 7

14

21

28

50.85

50.42

51.01

49.98

51.1

a54.77

50.25

49.44

49.20

49.15

49.25

41.29

a Pump on well running, drawdown approximately 4 feet,
GEORGIA 43

Chatham County Continued.

43. Owner's number 215-A. Southern Cotton Oil Co. At out 50 feet 

north of Lathorp Ave. North, about 1,700 feet southeast of intersection 

of Lathorp Ave. North and Lathorpe Ave. West, Savannah, Used drilled 

industrial well, diameter 12 inches, depth 1,000 feet. Cased 220 feet. 

Measuring point, hole in pump base plate, 1 foot above land surface, and 

8.8 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected by pump^ge in Savannah 

and industrial vicinity. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940: 

Sept. 16, 61.6; Oct. 18, 62.20; Nov. 6, 61.87; Nov. 30, 57.S2.

46. Owner's number 5. Union Bag and Paper Corp., Savsnnah. Altitude 

of measuring point, about 10.5 feet above mean sea level. Feasurements 

made with air line, and supplied through courtesy of Union F^g and Paper 

Corp. All wells of Union Bag and Paper Corp. were being pumped at the time 

measurements were made. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940: 

Aug. 27, 101; Sept. 19, 106.8; Oct. 8, 105.6.

47. No measurements made in 1940.

48. Southeastern Warehouse and Compress Co. About 20C feet west of 

Savannah River, about 50 feet north of boiler room, 3.9 miles northwest of 

Savannah City Hall. Used drilled industrial well, diameter 8 inches, depth 

539 feet. Cased 239 feet. Measuring point, hole in pump bese plate, 15.7 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 

1940: Sept. 12, 46.93; Oct. 17, 46.53; Nov. 16, 46.89.

50. Hercules Powder Co. South side of Louisville Roac1 , 3.2 miles 

west of West Broad St., Savannah. Altitude of measuring point, 14.83 feet 

above mean sea level. Measurements made while well about 530 feet west 

was discharging.

Water level, iii ^feet below measuring point, 1£40

Date

Jan. 6

13

20

27

Feb. 3

10

17

24

Mar. 2

9

16

23

30

Water

level

34.15

34.36

34.39

36.72

38.48

37.36

37.12

36.93

36.8

36.96

37.02

37.27

37.60

Date

Apr. 6

13

20

27

May 4

10

18

25

June 1

8

15

22

29

Water 

level

38.80

37.99

37.67

39.09

39.26

32.79

39.19

34.13

32.80

39.97

35.87

35.89

41.36

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

31

. 7

14

21

28

Water 

level

38.21

41.00

41.87

38.10

44.29

44.25

42.94

44.06

43.80

42.68

43.98

44.48

43.92

Date

Oct. 5

12

19

26

Nov. 2

9

16

23

30

Dec. 7

14

21

28

Water 

level

44.12

43.99

43.86

43.87

43.96

44.49

43.72

43.67

43.34

42.92

43.14

42.87

36.20

61. Colonial Ice Co. In engine room of plant, north cf intersection 

of Indian and McGuire Sts., Savannah. Altitude of meaaurlnp point, 17.2 

feet above mean sea level. Water level, in feet below measrring point, 

1940: Nov. 2, 56.81.

62. Colonial Ice Co. In east part of building, north of interaection 

of Indian and McGuire Sts., Savannah. Altitude of measuring point, 26.06 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 

1940: Jan. 24, 58.0; Nov. 2, 65.70.

63. Colonial Ice Co. Five feet northwest of McGuire ft. and about 

105 feet northeast of Indian St. Unused drilled industrial well, diameter 

12 inches, depth 500 feet. Caaed 120 feet. Measuring point, hole-in pump 

base plate, 0.7 foot above concrete floor and 20.07 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point: Oct. 18, 1939, 47.77; 

Nov. 2, 1940, 59.64; Dec. 28, 1940, 51.16; Dec. 31, 1940, 57.18.
44 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Chatham County Continued.

65. Standard Oil Company. Near south bank of Savannah R'ver, 2.9 

miles east of Savannah City Hall. Altitude of measuring point, 5.9 feet 

above mean sea level. Measurements discontinued Aug. 3, 1940.

Oil level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 6 

20 

Feb. 3 

17

Oil 

level

18.02 

18.52 

21.30 

20.08

Date

Mar. 2 

16 

30 

Apr. 27

Oil 

level

19.15 

19.06 

19.92 

19.32

Date

May 11 

June 8 

22

Oil 

level

19.09 

20.44 

20.32

Date

July 6 

20 

Aug. 3

Oil 

level

18.81 

25.13 

26.57

74. Certain-teed Products Corporation. In boiler room of plant, 

about 900 feet southwest of Savannah River, 3 miles northwest from Savannah 

City Hall. Altitude of measuring point, 13.2 feet above mean sea level. 

Oil level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan. 6

13

20

27

Feb. 3

10

17

Mar. 2

9

16

23

30

Apr. 6

47.27

47.42

47.7

51.56

53.90

51.40

52.64

52.92

53.60

52.70

52.89

a58.04

56.74

Apr. 13

20

27

May 4

11

18

25

June 1

8

15

22

29

July 6

53.64

53.47

a61.12

56.65

42.33

56.72

44.30

54.97

56.34

52.79

60,08

59.26

55.20

July 13

20

27

Aug. 3

10

17

24

31

Sept. 7

14

14

21

28

a63.69

59.73

a59.89

62.26

a65.84

a65.56

63.22

63.49

61.31

62.60

a65.83

62.70

63 .05

Oct. 5

12

19

26

Nov. 2

9

16

23

30

Dec. 7

14

21

28

62.44

a66.10

61.74

63.06

61.76

62.42

63.22

61.87

61.4

60.17

60.64

60.23

55.74

76. Pierpont Manufacturing Co. About 700 feet northeast of intersection of Lathorp Ave. North, and Lathorp Ave. West, 2.1 miles northwest 

of Savannah City Hall. Unused drilled industrial well, diameter 3 inches, 

depth 378 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch casing, 1 foot above land 

surface and 13.1 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected by pumpage in Savannah and industrial vicinity.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1939-40

Date

May 8, 

Oct. 13,

1939 

1940

Water 

level

54.26 

72.30

Date

Oct. 

Nov.

22

6

Water 

level

71.01 

71.90

Date

Nov. 30

Water

level

69.49

79. Georgia Ice Co. About 300 feet west of intersection of Bull St. 

and Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, about 55 feet north of Victory Drive, 

Savannah. Measuring point, top of 12-inch coupling flush with concrete 

floor of pump house and 38.8 feet above mean sea levsl. Water level 

affected by pumpage in Savannah and vicinity. Automatic water-stage recorder installed on well.

Highest and lowest water level each week,

in feet below measuring point, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Date

Jan. 6

8

15

20

24

27

29

Feb. 3

4

10

12

16

Water 

level

58.73

56.54

56.59

59.55

58.72

63.44

65.64

62.24

63.33

60.15

60.89

59.54

Date

Feb. 20

23

27

Mar. 1

3

7

11

15

18

20

25

30

Water 

level

58.63

59.80

58.54

59.55

59.95

58.54

58.57

59.67

58.72

60.15

59.05

63.18

Date

Apr. 1

5

8

8

15

18

21

24

29

May 4

10

11

Water 

level

60.08

61.84

60.36

62.15

60.06

61.66

60.28

63.55

61.28

64.02

66.90

61.65

Date

May 14

16

20

21

26

June 1

5

7

9

11

Aug. 16

17

Water 

level

61.51

64.62

61.32

64.08

62.12

64.74

62.42

65.02

63.08

65.62

65.69

66.94

a Pump on well running, drawdown approximately 3j feet.
GEORGIA 45

Chatham County Continued.

79. Continued.

Highest and lowest water level each week,

in feet below measuring point, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Date

Aug. 19

21

25

30

Sept. 2

7

9

13

15

18

Water 

level

66.07

68.78

66.10

68.85

68.06

66.18

65.90

68.36

66.55

68.23

Date

Sept. 22

23

30

Oct. 1

6

7

13

14

21

25

Water 

level

66.42

67.98

66.92

64.42

- 65.77

64,42

65.30

63.99

63.00

65.16

Date

Oct. 27

Nov. 1

3

8

10

11

20

22

24

Water 

level

63.05

65.03

67.20

64.25

65.5

63.55

64.68

63.79

64.60

Date

Nov. 25

Dec. 2

4

9

13

16

18

23

28

Water 

level

63.53

63.21

64.03

62.98

63.99

62.96

64.01

63.72

58.65

81. Gordon Saussy. About 300 feet south of Savannah Sugar Refining 

Corporation, about 300 feet west of Savannah River, about 1 mile southeast 

of Port Wentworth, 5.3 miles northwest of Savannah City Hall. Used drilled 

domestic well, diameter 6 inches, depth 522 feet. Measuring point, top of 

6-inch casing which Is flush with land surface and 15.1 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940: Oct. 22, 36.35; 

Oct. 23, 36.91.

84. Standard Oil Company. About 150 feet south of Savannah River, 

2.9 miles east of Savannah City Hall. Used drilled industrial well, 

diameter 10 Inches, depth 652 feet. Cased 230 feet. Measuring point, 

^-Inch hole in pump base plate, 0.5 foot above pump house floor and 6.1 

feet above mean sea level.

Water level,in feet below measuring point, 1940

Aug.

Sept

31

.14

28

26.63

26.64

25.94

Oct. 12

25

24.71

23.94

Nov. 9

23

23.58

23.87

Dec. 7

21

23.37

22.45

87. Savannah Gas Company. About 80 feet south of Bay St., east side 

of Reynolds St., about 55 feet west of Central of Georgia Railroad, Savannah. 

Used drilled Industrial well, diameter 12 Inches, depth 695 feet. Cased 

241 feet. Measuring point, hole in pump base plate, 1.5 feet above surface 

and 20.46 feet above mean sea level. Measurements taken while well was discharging 550 gallons a minute, drawdown about 6 feet. Water levels, in 

feet below measuring point, 1940; Sept. 27, 59.15; Oct. 18, 56.7.

103. Measurements discontinued,

105. Pratt Gay. South side of Louisville Road near Intersection 

with Pine Barren Road, 8 miles west of Savannah. Altitude of measuring 

point, 11.56 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, In feet below measuring point, 1940

Feb.

Mar.

3

17

24

2

.50

.49

.54

.45

Mar.

Apr.

9

23

30

6

.22

.58

.40

.90

Apr.

May

20

4

18

.85

1.30

1.00

June

Aug.

1

15

31

.90

.90

3.29

109. State Highway Department of Georgia. South of west abutment of 

the Coastal Highway Bridge over the Savannah River. Altitude of measuring 

point, 7.9 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected by tide In 

river and pumpage In Savannah and vicinity. Water levels, in feet below 

measuring point, 1940; Jan. 10, 9.68; Feb. 24, 11.33; Aug. 16, 15.28.

418675 O - 42 - 4
46 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Chatham County Continued.

112. Mrs. L. 0. Givens. About 200 feet north of Central of Georgia 

Railroad station, about 90 feet west of town street, Bloomingeale. Used 

drilled domestic well, diameter 2 inches, depth about 360 feet. Measuring 

poing, top of 2-inch tee, 3.0 feet above land surface and 24.*- feet above 

mean sea level.

Water level, in feet with reference to measuring point, 1958-40

Date

Nov. 10, 

Mar. 3,

1938 

1939

Water 

level

+ 2.19 

+ 2.63

Date

Mar. 

Aug.

12, 1940 

17

Water 

level

+ 1.65 

+ 0.62

Date

Oct. 23, 1940

Water 

level

-0.22

117. War Department. About 300 feet south of old lightl ouse, Fort 

Screven, Tybee Island. Used drilled municipal well, diameter 9 Inches, 

depth 602 feet. Cased 125 feet. Measuring point, top of cap screwed on 

casing, 0.25 foot above land surface and 6.7 feet above mean sea level. 

Water level affected by tide.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1959-40

Date

Oct. 5, 

Apr. 3, 

Sept. 20, 

Oct. 24 

31

Hour

1939 5;30 p.m. 

1940 11:40 a.m. 

5:50 p.m. 

1:55 p.m. 

1:15 p.m.

Water 

level

4.33 

4.90 

5.50 

3.17 

5.78

Date

Oct. 

Dec.

31, 1940 

12 

13 

13

Hour

1)35 p.m. 

2:30 p.m. 

1:00 p.m. 

1:45 p.m.

Water 

level

6.02 

5.54 

6.25 

6.04

121. Robert Schneider. Northwest part of Tybee Island. Altitude 

of measuring point 5.8 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected 

by tide.

Water level, In feet below measuring point, 1940

Apr.

Sept

Oct.

3

.20

24

3:

6:

2:

30

00

57

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

2.

4.

2.

40

53

73

Oct.

Dec.

31

12

1:45

4:55

p.m.

p.m.

5.00

3.76

122. State Highway Department of Georgia. Wilmington Island, south 

bank of Bull River, about 40 feet east of U. S. Highway 80. Used Jetted 

domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 245 feet. Measuring point, top of 

3-inch tee, 0.5 foot above land surface and 9.07 feet above nr=>an sea level. 

Water level affected by tide. Water levels, In feet below measuring point; 

May 19, 1938, 5-30 p.m., 8.01; Oct. 24, 1940, 11:35 a.m., 10.30} Oct. 31, 

1940, 2:00 p.m., 10.88; Dec. 12, 1940, 1:50 p.m., 10.65.

123. Henry Walthour. Wilmington Island. Measuring point, top of 

3-inch casing, 5.2 feet above mean sea level. Daily fluctuation in water 

level due mostly to tide. Daily fluctuations about 1.0 foot during greatest 

spring range of tide, but decreases to about 0.3 foot during some neap tides. 

Automatic water level recorder installed Jan. 26, 1940.

Highest and lowest water level each week,

In feet below measuring point, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Date

Jan. 28

Feb. 3

7

9

15

17

18

23

25

26

Water 

level

4.35

5.33

4.32

5.26

5.42

4.69

4.10

5.34

4.28

5.19

Date

Mar. 3

8

10

15

17

22

24

26

Apr. 6

6

Water 

level

4.97

3.81

4.25

5.01

5.04

4.05

4.02

5.24

5.23

4.59

Date

Apr. 7

13

18

19

29

May 2

6

10

11

15

Water 

level

4.49

5.36

5.28

4.32

5.32

4.64

5.45

4.47

4.56

5.36

Date

May 24

25

26

31

June 2

8

9

14

19

22

Water 

level

4.57

5.41

4.83

4.63

5.13

6.01

5.43

6.27

5.57

6.50
GEORGIA 47

Chatham County Continued.

123. Continued.

Highest and lowest water levels each week, 

in feet below measuring point, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Date

June 23

29

July 4

5

7

13

16

19

21

27

30

Aug. 3

4

9

Water 

level

5.76

6.71

6.77

5.84

5.72

6.73

5.78

6.77

6.21

6.78

7.10

5.82

5.95

7.14

Qate

Aug. 11

17

22

24

30

31

Sept. 1

4

11

^ 12

15

21

23

28

Water 

level

5.45

6.94

6.12

7.01

7.12

6.11

6.03

7.18

7.15

6.38

6.46

7.26

7.27

6.20

Date

Oct. 1

5

6

8

13

17

21

26

29

30

Nov. 3

7

11

16

Water 

level

5.99

7.23

7.18

6.31

6.94

6.09

6.06

6.80

6.89

5.84

6.86

6.01

5.99

6.83

Date

Nov. 19

23

26

28

Dec. 1

6

12

14

18

20

22

27

28

31

Water 

level

6.87

6.24

5.54

6.78

5.85

6.69

6.68

6.11

6.73

5.82

6.43

5.12

5.43

6.48

126. Atlantic Mutual Fire Insurance Co. South end of rilmington 

Island. Altitude of measuring point, about 15 feet above mem sea level. 

Daily fluctuation in water levels due mostly to tide. Daily fluctuation 

is about 1.5 feet during greatest spring range of tide, but decreases to 

about 0.6 foot during some neap tides. Automatic water-stage recorder in 

operation on well Sept. 13 to Dec. 13, 1940.

Highest and lowest water levels each week,

in feet below measuring point, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Sept

Oct.

.15

19

22

28

1

5

14.76

15.93

15.86

14.42

14.23

15.86

Oct. 6

8

14

17

21

26

15.83

14.60

15.59

14.34

14.31

15.52

Oct.

Nov.

29

2

11

16

19

23

15

13

14

15

15

14

.60

.9

.26

.44

.60

.54

Nov.

Dec.

26

28

2

3

12

13

13.69

15.54

15.36

14.13

15.37

14.42

131. C. E. Oliver. East of Augusta Road, 0.75 mile north of grade 

crossing of Atlantic Coast Line Railroad at Monteith. Altitixde of measuring point, 14.31 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below 

measuring point, 1940: Aug. 16, 6.09} Oct. 22, 7.19.

137. C. P. Rowland. East side of Ferguson Ave., about 0.3 mile 

north of intersection at Ferguson Ave. and Ship Yard Road, Montgomery. 

Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, reported depth about 400 feet. 

Measuring point, top of 3-inch casing, 0.2 foot above land siirface. Water 

levels, in feet below measuring point: Nov. 25, 1938, 8.52; Sept. 27, 

1940, 10.06; Dec. 12, 1940, 10.56.

143. M. B. Lane. Lebanon Plantation. Altitude of measuring point, 

7.07 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above measuring 

point, 1940: Aug. 21, 4.96; Sept. 24, 4.27; Nov. 12, 4.29.

145. A. G. Gillespie. About 8.5 miles southwest of Savannah. 

Measuring point to Aug. 21, 1940, top of 3-inch tee, 1.8 feet above land 

surface; measuring point since Sept. 24, 1940, top of 3-inch elbow on 

overflow pipe, 1.1 feet above land surface and about 0.8 foot lower thanmeasuring point used prior to Aug. 21, 1940.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

15

30

27

3.30

3.08

2.95

Mar.

Aug.

Sept

18

21

.24

2.81

1.32

1.59

Oct.

Nov.

10

12

1.68

1.49

Nov.

Dec.

28

17

1.41

1.53
48 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Chatham County Continued.

169. L. J. Carter. Pine Barren Road, north side, 2.75 miles east 

of Ogeechee River. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 Inches, depth 

365 feet. Cased 115 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-lnch tee, 1.5 feet 

above land surface. Water levels, In feet above measuring point: Dec. 1, 

1938, 5.04; Nov. 8, 1940, 3.5S.

174. Mrs. Eda W. Sapp. About 750 feet north of Pine Barren Road, 

about 0.5 mile east of Ogeechee River. Used jetted dometlc well, diameter 

3 inches, depth about 340 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-lncM tee, 2.5 

feet above land surface. Water levels, In feet above measuring point: 

Dec. 1, 1938, 8.8; Nov. 8, 1940, 7.1.

188. A. C. Colbert. Burroughs, between Sea Board Railroad and 

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 Inches, 

depth about 570 feet. Cased 110 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch tee, 

0.6 foot above land surface. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: 

Dec. 5, 1938, 4.62; Sept. 24, 1940, 1.51.

194. Mrs. W. W. Keller, Sr. Drakies Bluff, on Savannah River. 

Altitude of measuring point, 16.1 feet above mean sea level. Water level, 

in feet below measuring point, 1940: Oct. 23, 19.27.

199. Mrs. H. P. Keller. Meinhard. Altitude of measuring point, 

20.27 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, In feet below measuring 

point, 1940: Aug. 17, 9.27; Oct. 22, 10.76.

205. Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. Cherokee Hill. Altitude of 

measuring point, 31.10 feet above mean sea level. Water level, in feet 

below measuring point, 1940: Feb. 24, 29.14.

213. J. L. Budreau. Southwest of intersection of Burroughs Road 

and Ogeechee Road. Measuring point to Sept. 1, 1940, top of 1-inch coupling, 2.5 feet above land surface and 1.30 feet above bench mark. Measuring point since Sept. 1, 1940, end of 3-inch overflow pipe, 0.5 foot 

above land surface and 0.73 foot below bench mark. Bench mark, northeast 

end of concrete base for gasoline pumps at J. F. Zipperer's st->re on north 

side of Ogeechee Road opposite well 213.

Water level, in feet above bench mark, 1940

Date

Jan. 

Feb.

15 

30 

27

Water 

level

3.30 

3.16 

3.02

Date

Mar. 

Aug. 

Sept

18 

21 

.24

Water 

level

2.90 

1.52 

1.03

Date

Oct. 

Nov.

1 

3 

12

Water 

level

1.05 

1.01 

1.05

Date

Nov. 

Dec.

27 

17

Water 

level

1.23 

0.96

221. J. L. Joyce. Coffee Bluff. Measuring point, top of 3^-lnch 

coupling on casing, about 1 foot above land surface and 16.3 feet above 

mean sea level. Water level affected by tide. Water levels, In feet 

below measuring point, 1940: Sept. 27, 5,19; Nov. 7, 6.04; De".. 11, 6.47.

266. J. H. Chisholm. At Rice Hope plantation 3.5 miles north of 

Montelth, 1 mile east of the Augusta Road. Used jetted domestic well, 

diameter 2 inches, depth about 300 feet. Measuring point top of 3-inch 

tee on well casing, about 0.75 foot above land surface and 13.8 feet above 

mean sea level. Water levels, in feet with reference to measuring point: 

May 4, 1939, +0.30; Oct. 22, 1940, -3.54.

269. W. H. Pierpont. East part of Isle of Hope, about 400 feet north 

of SkJdaway River, about 200 feet east of a large two story, white colonial 

house "of W. H. Pierpont. Used drilled domestic well, diameter 8 inches, 

depth 521 feet. Cased 160 feet. Measuring point, lower, east Inside edge 

of 8-inch tee, where fire hose connects, about 0.9 foot above land surface 

and 10.8 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected by tide. Water 

levels, in feet below measuring point: May 8, 1939, 9.75; Aug. 27, 1940, 

12.91; Dec. 12, 1940, 12.92.
GEORGIA 49

Chatham County Continued.

273. C. A. Gross. West side of Isle of Hope Road, about 0.9 mile 

north from intersection of Isle of Hope Road and Perguson Ave. Used 

jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth about 360 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch casing, about 7 feet above mean sea level. 

Water level affected by tide.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 193E-40

Date

May 26, 1939 

26 

Aug. 3

Hour

10:30 a.m. 

1:05 p.m. 

12:50 p.m.

Water 

level

13.54 

13.30 

15.06

Date

Sept. 27, 1940 

Dec. 12 

12

Hour

2:25 p.m. 

10:30 a.m. 

12:50 p.m.

Water 

level

17.50 

16.18 

16.30

275. R. J. Travis. Avalon. Measuring point, end of 4-inch overflow 

pipe. Measuring point lowered about 0.6 foot, July 1940. Measuring point 

after July 1940 is 3.14 feet below concrete base for gasoline pump east of 

garage. Water level affected by tide. Water levels, in feet with reference 

to measuring point, 1940; Sept. 27, 3:30 p.m., +0.35; Sept. 27, 4:00 p.m., 

+0.48; Dec. 12, 12:50 p.m., -0.22.

276. Miss Armstrong. About 150 feet west of Atlantic Coast Line 

Railroad, 2.5 miles northeast of Monteith. Used jetted domestic well, 

diameter 3 inches. Measuring point, top of 3-inch coupling, 0.85 foot 

above land surface and 16.13 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in 

feet below measuring point: June 7, 1939, 6.45; Oct. 22, 1940, 8.61.

279. Dewitt Hotel Corporation. In southeast part of braement of 

Savannah-Oglethorpe Hotel, Wilmington island. Used drilled rell, diameter 

12 inches. Measuring point, hole in iron plate cap on well, about feet 

below land surface and 11.1 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in 

feet below measuring point: Aug. 1, 1939, 11.94; Oct. 24, 1940, 13.23; 

Oct. 31, 1940, 13.78.

312. Miss Mamie Taylor. About 50 feet northeast of Loxxisville Road, 

about 0.4 mile northwest from intersection with Pine Barren Road. Used 

jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 406 feet. Cased 80 feet. 

Measuring point top of 3-inch tee, 0.5 foot above land surface and 13.55 

feet above mean sea level,

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1959-40

Date

Sept. 30, 1939 

Feb. 24, 1940 

Mar. 2, 

9 

23 

30 

Apr. 6

Water 

level

1.55 

1.69 

1.61 

1.38 

1.72 

1.55 

2.01

Date

June 15 

29 

July 27 

Aug. 10 

31 

Sept. 14 

28

Water 

level

2.32 

2.56 

2.15 

4.25

4.24 

4.38 

4.70

Date

Oct. 12 

26 

Nov. 8 

23 

Dec. 7 

21 

28

Water 

level

4.80 

4.78 

4.82 

4.87 

4.65 

4.52 

3.59

314. J. M. Breckenridge. About 5.6 miles south of Savannah City Hall, 

0.1 mile east of White Bluff Road, 0.3 mile north of Montgomery Cross Roads. 

Used drilled irrigation well, diameter 10 inches, depth 601 feet. Cased 

255 feet. Measuring point, hole in pump base plate, 1.0 foot above land 

surface. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940: Jan. 29, 24.0; 

Nov. 7, 26.91; Dec. 11, 26.45.

321. R. C. Hinely. About 8.25 miles south of Savannah City Hall, 

about 100 feet north of Vernonburg Ave., 0.1 mile east of White Bluff Road. 

Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 365 feet. Measuring 

point, i-inch tap hole in 3 by 1-inch reducer, 1.7 feet abov? land surface 

and about 16.5 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below 

measuring point, 1940: Nov. 7., 1O.30; Dec. 11, 10.47. *
50 WATER LEVELS AHD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Chatham County Continued.

328. War Department. Fort Screven, Tybee Island, about 600 feet west 

of lighthouse, about 70 feet northeast of center line of road, at foot of 

a sand dune. Unused drilled well, diameter 3 Inches, depth 136 feet, 

measuring point, top of 3-inch nipple screwed on 3-inch casing, 1.3 feet 

above land surface and 6.9 feet above mean sea level. Automatic waterstage recorder installed on well Dec. 13, 1940. Water level affected by 

tide.

Water level, Infeet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Dec.

Hour

14

14

15

15

16

16

17

17

1:45

7:30

2:30

8:30

9:15

3:30

10:00

4:15

P

a

P

a

a

P

a

P

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

Water 

level

6.56

3.43

6.23

3.32

3.02

6.21

3.74

6.64

Date

Dec. 18

18

19

19

20

20

21

21

Hour

4:

10:

11:

5:

12:

6:

V:

1:

15

45

30

30

15

15

30

15

P

a

a

P

P

P

a

P

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

Water 

level

6.40

3.63

3.26

6.23

3.14

5.99

5.95

3.20

Dougherty County 

3. Albany recorder well. Albany.

Water level, In feet below measuring point, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Date

Jan. 22 to Jan. 29

Jan. 29 to Feb. 5

Feb. 5 to Feb. 12

Feb. 20 to Feb. 27

Feb. 28 to Mar. 6

Mar. 6 to Mar. 13

Mar. 13 to Mar. 20

Mar. 20 to Mar. 27

Mar. 27 to Apr. 3

Apr. 3 to Apr. 10

Apr. 11 to Apr. 18

Apr. 19 to Apr. 26

Apr. 26 to May 3

May 3 to May 11

May 11 to May 18

May 25 to June 1

June 5 to June 12

June 12 to June 19

June 19 to June 26

June 28 to July 5

July 6 to July 14

July 28 to Aug. 4

Aug. 18 to Aug. 25

Aug. 25 to Sept. 1

Sept. 1 to Sept. 8

Sept. 9 to Sept. 16

Sept. 25 to Oct. 2

Oct. 2 to Oct. 9

Oct. 9 to Oct. 15

Oct. 15 to Oct. 22

Oct. 29 to Nov. 5

Nov. 5 to Nov. 12

Nov. 22 to Nov. 29

Nov. 29 to Dec. 6

Dec. '6 to Dec. 13

Dec. 16 to Dec. 23

Dec. 23 to Dec. 30

Dec. 30 to Dec. 31

Highest 

Water level

36.55

36.99

36.92

32.12

31.79

33.21

32.67

32.45

32.81

33.34

31.62

32.71

32.37

32.45

36.07

35.73

36.33

35.07

35.57

35.94

36.41

33.03

37.9

37.25

37.81

38.52

40.1

38.65

38.01

40.16

39.83

38.49

39.87

38.53

38.93

39.42

38.29

38.71

Lowest 

Water level

38.62

39.03

38.01

33.33

33.36

34.55

33.95

33.91

34.33

35.81

33.56

34.46

34.26

34.61

38.49

37.9

38.18

36.77

38.02

38.25

34.45

a 100+

38.87

39.98

40.39

43.2

40.83

40.39

42.28

42.21

41.12

41.96

40.63

41.23

41.42

40.70

40.11

a Pumping.
GEORGIA 51

Efflngham County

7. Central of Georgia Railroad. Meldrim. Altitude of measuring 

point, 33.86 feet above mean aea level. Water levels, in feet abqve 

measuring point, 1940: Mar. 12, 2.44; Aug. 17, 1.90; Oct. £3, 1.17.

10. H. M. Edwards. About 100 feet north of U. S. Highway 80, 2.2 

miles north, from Bloomingdale. Water levels, In feet below measuring 

point, 1940: Mar. 12, 8.11; Aug. 17, 8.89; Oct. 12, 9.59.

Glynn County

1. Owner's number 1. Atlantic Refining Co. At Arco, northwest of 

Brunswick, about 1,000 feet west of U. S. Highway 17, about 1,400 feet 

northwest of office of Atlantic Refining Company. Unused drilled industrial well, diameter 10 inches, depth 1,026 feet. Cased 531 feet. Measuring point, concrete floor of pump house, 0.5 foot above land surface and 

about 13 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected by pumping 

nearby industrial wells.

Highest and lowest water levels each week, 

in feet above measuring point, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Date

Jan. 31

Feb. 3

5

10

11

16

19

20

26

Mar. 1

5

7

21

22

28

Water 

level

30.4

28.2

28.5

30.8

31.3

28.3

29.1

31.3

31.3

28.6

32.5

29.0

31.7

33.2

33.7

Date

Mar.

Apr.

Aug.

Sept

30

31

2

7

10

22

24

26

. 1

5

19

21

22

23

Water 

level

30.2

31.8

29.3

28.8

32.1

29.8

27.9

27.7

29.9

28.6

32.3

28.3

28.1

30.6

Date

Sept. 30

Oct. 2

9

10

13

16

21

24

28

31

Nov. 8

9

13

16

Water 

level

28.3

30.7

30.5

28.6

29.0

32.2

32.0

28.4

31.4

28.3

27.5

28.5

29.1

27.6

Date

Nov. 17

18

28

30

Dec. 1

5

8

12

15

19

22

28

29

31

Water 

level

28.4

26.8

26.7

29.0

29.0

26.7

28.8

26.7

29.3

27.3

28.1

33.3

33.2

28.0

3. Owner's number 3. Atlantic Refining Company. Measuring point, 

top of 12-inch valve, 3.5 feet above land surface and about 15 feet above 

mean sea level. Water level affected by pumping nearby industrial wells.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Aug. 22 

Nov. 13

Water 

level

28.15 

26.2

Date

Dec. 18 

23

Water 

level

26.3 

27.85

Date

Dec. 24 

27

Water

level

30.2 

30.5

13. U. S. Department of Commerce. South side of St. Simons Lighthouse, 

St. Simons Island. Used Jetted domestic well, diameter 4 Irenes, depth 

627 feet. Measuring point, top of 4-inch cross on casing,2.4 feet above 

land surface and about 13.5 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected 

by tide. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Dec. 13, 1938, 

10:00 a.m., 34.5; Aug. 22, 1940, 3:25 p.m., 32.9; Nov. 13, 1940, 1:25 p.m., 

32.30.

33. Sea Island Yacht Club. South side of the Brunswlcl;: to St. Simons 

Island Causeway, west side of Prederica River. Water level affected by 

tide. Water levels, In feet above measuring point, 1940: iug. 22, 2:45 p.m., 

 38.95; Nov. 13, 1:05 p.m., 38.30.

44. Sea Island Gun Club. St. Simons Island, north side of road, 

0.5 mile west of Cloister Hotel. Water level affected by tide, Water 

levels, in feet above measuring point, 1940: Aug. 22, 3:45 p.m., 37.9; 

Nov. 13, 1:40 p.m., 37.25.
52 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Glynn County Continued.

45. City of Brunswick. Brunswick, east part of H. E. Coffin Park. 

Used drilled public well, diameter 6 inches, depth 630 feet. Cased 514 

feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch cross on 6-inch casing, 1.6 feet 

above land surface and about 9.5 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Oct. 3 

Nov. 13

Water 

level

34.2 

32.7

Date

Dec. 18 

23

Water 

level

31.6 

32.1

Date

Dec. 24 

27

Water 

level

33.0 

34.3

100. New England Tourist Camp. East side of U. S. Highw>\y 17, 6 

miles south of Atlamaha River. Altitude of measuring point, 16.9 feet 

above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 15 

30

Water 

level

22.05 

22.25

Date

Feb. 27 

Mar. 22

Water 

level

22.10 

21.95

Date

Aug. 21 

Oct. 3

Water 

level

21.2 

21.65

Date

Nov. 14 

Dec. 27

Water 

level

21.35 

21.4

138. G. P. Cowman. East side of U. S. Highway 17, southwest edge of 

South Brunswick River marsh, about 5 miles west of Brunswick. Water level 

affected by tide.

Water level, in feet above measuring point

Jan.

Feb.

19

31

28

33.15

32.7

33.75

Mar.

Aug.

21

22

23

33.95

32.35

33.3

Oct.

Nov.

2

13

34.3

33.5

Dec. 18

27

32.4

32.9

1940

143. J. H. McKee. St. Simons Island, 0.5 mile east of Pr^derica Road, 

0.4 mile north of Sea Island Road, at Black Banks. Used jetted domestic 

well, diameter 3 inches. Measuring point, top of 3-inch cross on 3-inch 

casing, 1.2 feet above land surface and about 7 feet above mean sea level. 

Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Aug. 18, 1939, 21.7; Aug. 22, 

1940, 21.7; Nov. 13, 1940, 21.3.

192. Edgar Rlttenhouse. Brunswick, North Palmetto Cemetery, about 

300 feet east of Altamaha Canal. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 

inches, depth 640 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch cross on casing, 

1.8 feet above land surface. Water level affected by pumpage of nearby 

industrial wells.

Water level, in feqt above measuring point, 1959-40

Date

Jan. 

Dec.

31, 

18, 

23 

23

1939 

1940

Hour

11:25 a 

4:10 p 

9:35 a 

10:35 a

.m. 

.m. 

.m. 

.m.

Water 

level

23.25 

21.5 

24.7 

25.1

Date

Dec.

Hour

23, 1940 

24 

27 

27

3:45 

8:30 

11:10 

3:50

P 

a 

a

P

.m. 

.m. 

.m. 

.m.

Water 

level

26.3 

27.9 

28.6 

28.6

Liberty County

19. Atlantic'Coast Line Railroad. Mclntosh, about 300 feet southwest of crossing of Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, and State Highway 38, 

about 10 feet northwest of railroad. Used drilled industrial well, diameter 6 inches. Measuring point, top of 3-inch tee, 1.4 feet above land 

surface, 1.8 feet below top of rail and about 21 feet above mean sea level. 

Water levels, in feet above measuring point, 1940: Sept. 26, 1.57; 

Oct. 3, 1.47; Nov. 12, 1.75; Nov. 28, 1.70.

36. W. M. Woods. About 0.1 mile east of Dorchester Station, on 

north side of Sunbury Road. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches. 

Measuring point, top of 3-inch tee on well, 2.7 feet above land surface. 

Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Jan. 31, 1939, 15.35; Nov. 22. 

1940, 15.05.

38. Dana Stevens. About 0.4 mile southwest of Dorchester Village 

schoolhouse. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 2| inches. Measuring 

point, top of l|r-inch pipe screwed in tee on well, 2.0 feet above land 

surface. Water levels, in feet below measuring point: Jan. 31, 1939, 

7.4; Nov. 22, 1940, 9.52.
GEORGIA 53

Liberty County Continued.

43. C. H. Ricks. About 2 miles southeast of Dorchester Village 

school, on north side of road to Colonel's Island. Used Jetted domestic 

well, diameter 3 inches, depth 700 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch 

tee on well casing, 0.5 foot above land surface. Water levels, in feet 

with reference to measuring point: Jan. 31, 1939, +0.85; Aug. 25, 1939, 

+0.4, Nov. 22, 1940 -0.75.

45. J. A. Morgan. About 4.5 miles east of Dorchester Village schoolhouse, about 0.3 mile north of Port Morris, on west bank of Medway River. 

Used jetted" domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 580 feet. Cased 

250 feet. Measuring point top of 3-inch tee, 1.0 foot above land surface 

and about 23 feet above mean sea level. Water level affected by tide. 

Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Jan. 31, 1939, 6.7; Nov. 22, 

1940, 4.62.

53. Lionel Tester. About 100 feet west of U. S. Highway 17, 2.5 

miles south of Midway.

Date

Jan. 15 

Feb. 27

, Water 

level

26.9 

27.1

Date

Mar. 22 

Aug. 21

Water 

level

27.2 

26.8

Date

Oct. 1 

Nov. 12

Water 

level

26.8 

26.8

Date

Dec. 27

Water 

level

26.8

86. G. M. Brown. Southwest part of'Colonel's Island rear Half Moon. 

Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches. Measuring poir% top of 3- 

inch tee on casing, 1.5 feet above land surface. Water levels, in feet 

above measuring point: Feb. 14X 1939^ 17.4; Nov. 22, 1940j ]6.8.

137. H. A. Bacon. Hinesville, 0.5 mile northeast of Liberty County 

court house, about 100 feet north of State Highway 38, east ride of house. 

Used jetted domestic well, diameter 2 inches, depth 527 feet. Cased 400 

feet. Measuring point, top of 2-inch tee on well casing, 0.9 foot above 

land surface.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1959-40

Date

Apr. 26, 1939 

Mar. 18, 1940 

Sept. 26

Water 

level

2.50 

1.97 

1.30

Date

Oct. 1, 

Nov. 12

Water 

level

1.10 

.88

Date

Nov. 23 

25

Water 

level

0.74 

.79

140. Mrs. Amber Kiddy. Allenhurst, about 0.1 mile southeast of the 

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, about 0.1 mile northeast of rord, at side of 

old sawmill. Used drilled industrial well, diameter 10 inches, depth 546 

feet. Cased 110 feet. Measuring point top of 10-inch tee on casing, 0.5 

foot above land surface. Water levels, in feet with reference to measuring 

point: Apr. 26, 1939, +2.06; Oct. 1, 1940, +0.75; Nov. 27, 1940, +0.40; 

Dec. 18, 1940, -0.04.

Long County

8. Town of Ludowici. West side of Atlantic Coast Line Railroad, 

Ludowici. Used drilled municipal well, diameter 8 inches, depth 579 feet. 

Cased 495 feet. Measuring point, hole in pump base plate, 2.7 feet above 

land surface and 68.7 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet 

below measuring point, 1940: Mar. 18, 11.99; Oct. 1, 12.62; Dec. 18, 13.46.

Mclntosh County

11. C. A. Stebbins. Darien. Altitude of measuring point, 35.1 feet 

above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above measuring point. 1940

Date

Jan . 15 

30

Water 

level

8.9 

8.95

Date

Feb. 27 

Mar. 22

Water 

level

8.9 

8.8

Date

Aug. 21 

Oct. 3

Water 

level

7.9 

8.2

Date

Nov. 13 

Dec. 20

Water 

level

8.25 

7.95
54 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Mclntosh County Continued.

27. C. B. Mallard. Bast side of State Highway 131, atxrct 0.4 mile 

south of right angle bend In road, on bluff west of southern l-anch of 

Sapelo River. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 Inches, <?epth 729 

feet. Cased 120 feet. Measuring point, top of 3 by 2-inch reducer on 

3-inch casing, 1.0 foot above land surface and about 30 feet above mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet above measuring point: Mar. 10, 1939, 

7.55; Oct. 3, 1940, 6.8.

53. Townsend Band Mill. Townsend, about 200 feet east cf Sea Board 

Railroad, north side of State Highway 99. Used jetted Industrial well, 

diameter 4 Inches, depth 485 feet. Cased 400 feet. Measuring- point, top 

of 4-lnch tee on well casing, 0.8 foot above land surface. Water levels, 

In feet above measuring point: Mar. 24, 1939, 26.0; Nov. 14, 1940, 24.8.

85. R. C. Colllns. About 0.7 mile west of Crescent post office, about 

30 feet south of State Highway 131, Used jetted domestic well, diameter 

3 inches, depth 918 feet. Cased about 600 feet. Measuring print top of 

3-inch coupling on casing, 1 foot above land surface. Water levels, in 

feet below measuring point: Mar. 30, 1939, 1.95; Oct. 3, 194C, 3.29.

103. A. M. Durant. Valona, west side of A. M. Durant"s store. 

Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth about 600 feet. Measuring point top of 3-inch cross on well casing, 0.8 foot above land surface 

and about 10 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above 

measuring point: Apr. 11, 1939, 28.2; Oct. 3, 1940, 26.4.

130. Estate of James O'Brien. Ridgevllle, east side of State 

Highway 131, about 0.5 mile south of road to dock. Used Jetted domestic 

well, diameter 3 inches, depth 996 feet. Measuring point, to^ of 3-inch 

cross on 3-inch casing, 1.3 feet above land surface. Water levels, in 

feet above measuring point: Apr. 14, 1939, 18.5; Oct. 3, 1940, 17.60.

141. Sam Jardney. About 6 miles southeast of Townsend, on east 

side of Briardam Road. Used jetted domestic well, diameter 3 inches, depth 

496 feet. Cased about 400 feet. Measuring point, top of 3 by 2-inch bushing, 0.8 foot above land surface. Water levels, in feet abov^ measuring 

point: Apr. 27, 1939, 22.5; Nov. 14, 1940, 20.6.

144. Colonel Talbot Smith. About 1.5 miles northeast of Darien, 

about 0.25 mile east of State Highway 131, near edge of marsh. Used jetted 

domestic well, diameter 4 inches, depth 716 feet, Cased about 600 feet. 

Measuring point, top of 4-inch cross on well casing, 1.5 feet above land 

surface and about 20 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet 

below measuring point: Apr. 28, 1939, 24.35; Oct. 3, 1940, 2?.3.

Pierce County

2. City of Blackshear. Northeast part of city of BlacV.shear at 

city water works, about 30 feet west of elevated concrete reservoir. Used 

drilled municipal well, diameter 8 inches, depth 825 feet. Cised 450 feet. 

Measuring point, top of 1-inch nipple in cap on well, 0.21 foot above cap, 

2.0 feet above land surface and 130.6 feet above mean sea level. Water 

level reported 55 feet below land surface in Geological Survey Water-Supply 

Paper 341, page 357. Water levels, in feet below measuring point; June 29,

1939. 59.86; Mar. 1, 1940, 60.28.

Wayne County

1. City of Jesup. West of crossing of Southern Railroad and Atlantic 

Coast Line Railroad at city water works, Jesup. Used drilled municipal well, 

diameter 10 inches, depth 654 feet. Cased 502.5 feet. Measuring point, 

hole in 10-inch bushing over casing, 2.0 feet above land, surface and 98.0 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point: 

May 18, 1939, 35.97; Mar. 19, 1940, 35.49; Oct. 1, 1940, 36.15; Dec. 18,

1940. 3T.17.
GEORGIA 55

Wayne County Continued.

3. A. W. Hum. Gardi, northwest aide of residence of A. W. Hurnr 

about 200 feet southwest of Southern Railroad. Used jetted domestic 

well, diameter 3 inches, depth 560 feet. Measuring point, top of 3-inch 

coupling on casing, 1.7 feet above land surface and 63.9 feet above mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point: May 18, 1939, 

3.55; Oct. 1, 1940, 4.57; Dec. 18, 1940, 5.41.

4. State Highway Department. On southwest shoulder of State Highway 27, 0.3 mile southeast of Mt. Pleasant. Used drilled domestic well, 

diameter 6 inches, depth 560 feet. Cased 345 feet. Measuring point, 

top of 6-inch tee on casing, 1 foot above land surface." Water levels, in 

feet above measuring point; May 18, 1939, 5.98; Oct. 1, 1940, 4.93} 

Dec. 18, 1940, 4.18.
MARYLAND

MONTGOMERY COUNTY 

By A. H. Horton

Periodic measurements of water level have been made since April 18, 

1932 in an observation well In Montgomery County, Maryland by the Federal 

Geological Survey in cooperation with the Maryland Geological Survey. 

Records of water level for years prior to 1940 are published in WaterSupply Papers 817, 840 A *and 845.

The well is an abandoned dug well lined with loose stone, at the 

rear of the residence owned by Walter M. Brown, 800 feet nortloast of the 

gaging station of the Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River, 1-fc miles 

southwest of Colesville. A continuous water-stage recorder wrg maintained 

on the well during 1940.

The highest water level observed in the well during the period of 

record 12.75 feet above datum occurred April 22, 1933; the lowest water 

level 6.24 feet above datum occurred October 6, 1952.

The water level fluctuated about normally in 1940 and no new high or 

low stage was reached. The highest water level in the year 12.05 feet 

above datum occurred April 22 and the lowest water level 6.92 feet above 

datum occurred from September 27 to October 1. The water level in the 

well at the end of the year was 1.49 feet higher than at the end of 1939. 

Water levels are given in feet above the same datum to which the gage on 

the Northwest Branch of the Anacostia River is referred.

Mean daily water level, in feet above datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Jan.

7.69

7.68

7.67

7.66

7.66

7.65

7.64

7.63

7.62

7.62

7.62

7.62

7.61

7.67

8.01

8.05

8.05

 8.03

8.02

8.02

Feb.

7.90

7.89

7.88

7.87

7.86

7.92

8.10

8.14

8.14

8.17

8.28

8.27

8.27

8.41

8.52

8.51

8.51

8.55

9.04

9.31

Mar. Apr.

9.25 9.88

9.24 9.82

9.45 9.79

9.91 9.80

9.93 9.74

9.89 9.66

9.88 9.64

9.87 9.94

9.85 10.76

9.81 10.72

9.77 10.68

9.73 10.71

9.71 10.86

9.79 10.87

10.44 10.86

10.49 10.83

10.44 10.80

10.44 10.80

10.43 10.80

10.39 11.59

May

11.48

11.42

11.34

11.23

11.09

11.01

10.95

10.87

10.82

10.73

10.67

10.58

10.54

10.48

10.41

10.36

10.32

10.26

10.22

10.17

June

9.67

9.63

9.58

9.55

9.52

9.48

9.43

9.39

9.34

9.29

9.25

9.21

9.18

9.13

9.10

9.04

8.98

8.96

8.94

8.88

July

8.43

8.38

8.35

8.36

8.35

8.32

8.30

8.28

8.25

8.21

8.19

8.14

8.11

8.07

8.04

8.02

7.99

7.95

7'. 92

7.89

Aug.

7.57

7.53

7.50

7.48

7.46

7.44

7.41

7.37

7.34

7.31

7.28

7.25

7.23

7.21

7.18

7.15

7.13

7.11

7.09

7.07

Sept.

7.14

7.21

7.23

7.23

7.24

7.23

7.23

7.23

7.22

7.21

7.20

7.18

7.15

7.14

7.12

7.11

7.09

7.07

7.05

7.03

Oct.

6.92

6.94

6.96

6.97

6.98

7.00

7.01

7.02

7.03

7.04

7.04

7.05

7.06

7.06

7.06

7.06

7.05

7.05

7.04

7.04

Nov.

7.08

7.21

7.32

7.35

7.36

7.37

7.36

7.36

7.35

7.34

7.35

7.35

7.37

7.59

8.21

8.26

8.24

8.20

8.19

8.20

Dec.

8.70

8.69

8.68

8.67

8.68

8.64

8.65

8.64

8.62

8.61

8.57

8.55

8.56

8.53

8.53

8.58

8.70

8.67

8.67

8.68

56
MABYLAHD 57

Montgomery County Continued.

Mean dally.water level, in feet above datum, 1940 Continued 

___________________(from recorder charts)___________________ 

Day Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

8.01

7.99

7.97

7.98

7.97

7.96

7.95

7.94

7.93

7.92

7.91

9.29 10.33

9.26 10.32

9.25 10.28

9.26 10.22

9.28 10.18

9.27 10.12

9.28 10.10

9.30 10.05

9.27 9.99

.... 9.99

.... 9.96

12.01

12.03

11.97

11.94

11.86

11.79

11.69

11.60

11.54

11.51

.....

10.14

10.10

10.06

10.01

9.96

9.90

9.85

9.81

9.76

9.72

9.71

8.83

8.79

8.76

8.74

8.70

8.64

8.60

8.56

8.52

8.47

....

7.86

7.83

7.81

7.79

7.75

7.72

7.70

7.67

7.65

7.62

7.60

7.04

7.02

7.00

6.98

6.96

6.95

6.94

6.94

6.93

6.93

6.96

7.01

7.00

6.97

6.95

6.94

6.93

6.92

6.92

6.92

6.92

....

7.04

7.04

7.05

7.06

7.07

7.07

7.07

7.07

7.06

7.06

7.07

8.20

8.20

8.18

8.18

8.19

8.22

8.68

8.73

8.70

8.69

....

8.69

8.68

8.66

8.64

8.65

8.66

8.65

8.99

9.17

9.23

9.18

PRINCE GEORGES COUNTY 

By V. C. Piahel

Periodic measurements of the water levels in two wells In Prince 

Georges County, Maryland were begun in March 1940 in connection with an 

investigation of the ground-water resources of the District of Columbia 

and vicinity by the Federal Geological Survey. A total of 40 individual 

measurements of water level were made in the wells in 1940 by the wettedtape method.

The water levels in this report are given with reference to mean 

sea level. The altitude of the measuring point of well 242 ras determined 

with a spirit level and that of well 261 with an altimeter.

Well 242, in Hyattsville, is an artesian well. In Marcl , when 

observations were begun, the water level stood 5.68 feet abore the measuring point. It gradually rose and overflowed a 6-foot extension pipe from 

April 23 to May 22.

The water level declined about 6 feet by July 22 and about 9 more 

feet by August 19, at which time the lowest stage of the year was reached. 

The water level rose 1.28 feet by August 30, declined 0.81 foot by September 

23, and then rose 3.15 feet by December 30. On December 30 the water level 

was 11.44 feet lower than on March 12 when observations were started.

Well 261, in Suitland, is pumped occasionally and hence the measurements of water level, if made soon after the well has been pimped, may not 

reflect the regional water level. The non-pumping water levBl in the 

w^ll during 1940 was approximately 250 feet above mean sea level. The 

water level declined about 0.4 foot from March 12 to 27, ros^ 0.89 foot 

by April 3, and then declined 0.37 foot by April 25. The low water level
58 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PKESSORE, 1940

on May 1 was probably due to pumping shortly before the measurement was made. 

The irregular fluctuations of the water level from May to Augirst were probably 

due also to pumping. The water level rose about 6 feet from August 19 to 30 

and then declined about 5 feet by September 23. It declined £.01 feet try 

October 21 and then rose 2.50 feet by December 30. On December 30 the water 

level was 0.83 foot higher than on March 12 when measurements were started.

242. City of Hyattsville. In vacant lot at southeast corner of 

intersection of St. Marys St. and Wells Ave., 42 feet south of Wells Ave. 

and 50 feet northeast of railroad. Dnused drilled municipal rail, 

diameter 10 inches. Measuring point, top of cap beside 3/4-lrch hole, 

0.5 foot above land surface and 22.01 feet above mean sea level. Water 

level Mar. 12, 1940, 5.68 feet above measuring point.

Water level, in feet above mean sea level, 1940

Date

Mar. 12

15 

Apr. 3 

10 

17

Water 

level

27.69 

27.61 

27.89 

28.02 

27.55

Date

Apr. 25 

May 1 

8 

22 

July 22

Water 

level

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

21.77

Date

Aug. 19 

SO 

Sept. 23 

Oct. 21

Water 

level

12. 65 

13.91 

13.10 

14.81

Date

Nov. 4 

25 

Dec. 9

30

Water 

level

15.7S 

15.93 

16.16 

16.25

261. W. H. Harrison. Harrison Nursery at Suitland, about 0.3 mile 

south of intersection of Suitland Road and road to Silver Hill, Md. Used 

drilled well, diameter 8 inches, depth 106 feet. Measuring point, top of 

casing, 1.5 feet above land surface and 280 feet above mean sea level. 

Altitude of measuring point determined with an altimeter. Eqvipped with 

hand pump. Water level Mar. 12, 1940, 27.01 feet below measuring point.

__ Water level, in feet above mean sea level. 1940

Mar.

Apr.

12

20

27

3

10

17

252.99

252.74

252.61

253.50

253.46

253.44

Apr.

May

25

1

8

15

22

29

253.13

249.67

253.02

252.15

25S.OO

251. SI

June

July

Aug.

5

8

22

5

19

253.75

253.05

254.20

253.15

252.13

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

30

.23

21

25

30

258.61

253. 33

251.32

253.68

253.82

a Flowed very slowly over edge of pipe at altitude of 2P.02 feet.
MISSISSIPPI

By V. M. Poster and G. P. Brown

The State-wide investigation of water levels in wells, wlrich was

begun in 1938, was continued in 1940 by the Federal Geological Survey in

« 

cooperation with the Mississippi Geological Survey. A study ms also

made of the major aquifers in the Mississippi alluvial plain end the 

coastal counties. The inventory of wells was expanded to include representative wells in the area of Cretaceous formations in northeastern 

Mississippi, and in the heavily pumped area near Laurel and Hettiesburg, 

in southeastern Mississippi. The observation well program war expanded 

to include 45 wells. Water-stage recorders were in operation on 11 of 

the wells at the end of 1940.

In the Mississippi alluvial plain in northwestern Mississippi the 

water levels In wells in 1940 were the highest of the three years of 

record. At the end of the year the water level in Washington 70, at 

Hollandale, was 5.78 feet above the highest recorded level in 1939. The 

annual low stage, which occurs in late fall, was 3.65 feet above the low 

stage of the previous year. The seasonal fluctuations, characteristically shown by high water levels in early spring and low water levels in 

late fall or early winter, were obscured during 1940 because of recharge 

from heavy rainfall. Thus, at Marks, in the northern part of the alluvial plain, the lowest fall stage, which occurred in November, was only 

0.3 foot below the stage at the end of June.

The industrial and municipal water supplies of northeastern Mississippi 

are derived almost entirely from aquifers in the lower parts of the Eutaw 

and Tuscaloosa formations, although some wells In Tippah, Union, and 

Pontotoc Counties obtain water from the Ripley formation. Most domestic 

supplies are obtained from dug or bored wells that tap unconfined water. 

Where the Selma chalk is at or near the surface, however, most of the 

domestic wells tap water in the Coffee sand or in the upper part of the 

Eutaw formation. A comparison between records of water level given in 

Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 576 and measurements of rater level 

made in connection with the present investigation shows that p general 

decline in water level has taken place. This is confirmed by reports of 

drillers and owners of wells. The declines of water level havs apparently

59
60 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

been greatest in areas of heavy withdrawals, averaging 15 to 20 feet in 

the last 20 years. The greatest decline has occurred at Tupelo, where 

700,000 gallons or more are pumped daily from an aquifer near the base 

of the Eutaw formation. This withdrawal, which is made from an area of 

about 1 square mile, has lowered the water level at Tupelo approximately 

60 feet since 1919.

The decline of the water levels in areas where the withdrawals from 

wells have been light has apparently been much less than in areas where 

the withdrawals have been heavy. The water levels in wells at State 

College, which tap an aquifer near the base of the Eutaw formation from 

which the withdrawal since 1929 has been small, are now less than 6 feet 

below the levels reported in Water-Supply Paper 576. During 1940 the 

water levels in this area declined about 1 foot from June to September, 

but rose 1.05 feet from September to the end of December.

In the Laurel-Hattiesburg district of southeastern Mississippi, the 

industrial and municipal water supplies are obtained from two aquifers in 

the Catahoula sandstone and one aquifer in the Hattiesburg formation. 

Wells in the deep valleys yield strong flows but wells on the high lands 

between the major streams and in an area of heavy withdrawal near Laurel 

must be pumped. Domestic supplies in rural areas are derived chiefly 

from dug or bored wells that tap unconfined water. A few of the domestic 

wells are drilled.

At Laurel, approximately 4,500,000 gallons a day are wit! -irawn from 

the upper sand in the Catahoula sandstone and 3,500,000 gallons a day are 

withdrawn from the lower sand. The decline in water level in the upper 

sand resulting from the heavy draft has been approximately 125 feet since 

1911. The head in wells tapping the lower sand at Laurel declined approximately 18 feet from 1926 to 1936, and 52 feet from 1936 to 1P40, according 

to Mr. J. H. Miller, chief engineer at the Laurel pumping plant. Water 

levels in the lower sand declined 25.8 feet from May to August 1940, but 

recovered 27.9 feet by the end of the year.
MISSISSIPPI 61

At Hattiesburg, approximately 7,000,000 gallons a day am withdrawn 

from two aquifers, the "400-foot sand" at the base of the Hattiesburg 

formation, and the "600-foot sand" near the top of the Cataho-tla sandstone. 

The withdrawals from the aquifers and the head of the water in them are 

about the same. Comparisons with water levels reported in Water-Supply 

Paper 576 indicate a lowering of artesian pressure of 15 feet or more since 

1916.

Water levels in wells to the "1200-foot sand" at Gulfport averaged 

0.8 foot lower in 1940 than in 1939, and a comparison of present water 

levels with those reported In Water-Supply Paper 576 shows a decline of 

approximately 45 feet since 1911, The highest and lowest levels In 1940 

were recorded within a two-weeks period of severely cold weather during 

which the city wells were alternately pumped to capacity and closed down. 

The maximum variation in water level was 11.1 feet.

Water levels in wells to the "900-foot sand" near Ocean Springs declined 4.5 feet from March to November and recovered 1.0 foot by the end

of the year.

418675 O - 42 - 5
62 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Bolivar County

13. Town of Shelby. SW^NEj sec. 12, T. 24 N., R. 6 W., 5 feet south 

of east-west street In front of municipal pumping plant and midway between 

pumping plant and cotton gin. Used drilled municipal well, diameter at 

top 4 inches, reported depth about 1,650 feet. Measuring point, top of 

4-inch casing tee, 2 feet above land surface and 155.58 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: July 27, 8:40 a.m., 

17S.5; Dec. 30, 5:15 p.m., 171.9.

18. Town of Gfunnison. Measuring point, 153.77 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Feb. 23, 3:30 p.m., 

180.5; July 27, 9:15 a.m., 180.5; Dec. 30, 6:30 p.m., 179.7.

35. Town of Beulah. Measuring point, 147.53 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Feb. 23, 2:00 p.m., 

177.5; July 27, 11:00 a.m., 175.9; Dec. 30, 7:00 p.m., 175.3.

50. Jones Bayou Gin Co. Measuring point, 134.70 feet rbove mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Feb. 23, 10:45 a.m., 

152.2; June 25, 5;30 p.m., 153.0; July 27, IS:45 p.m., 153.5; Dec. 31, 

3:00 p.m., 153.3.

Coahoma County

11. Norfleet and Wilsford. NWjSWj sec. 7, T. 29 N., R. 2 W., 100 feet 

east of old U. S. Highway 61 and 1,2 miles south of railroad station at 

Rich. Used drilled domestic and plantation well, diameter 3 inches reduced 

to 2 inches, finished with 40 feet of screen, reported depth 1,837 feet. 

Measuring point, top of 3-inch casing tee, 1 foot above land surface and 

181.88 feet above mean sea level. Water levels,in feet above datum, 1940: 

Mar. 7, 10:00 a.m., 221.1; July 26, 12:40 p.m., 221.65; Sept. 11, 10:50 a.m., 

221.4; Dec. 30, 1:50 p.m., 220.2.

32. Coahoma County Agricultural High School. SWjNTSj sec. 36, 

T. 28 N., R. 4 W., 50 feet east of administration building in brick walled 

sump and 4 miles north of Clarksdale. Used drilled school well, diameter 

at top 4 inches, reported depth 2,000 feet. Measuring point, top of 2-inch 

casing tee at land surface and 176.74 feet above mean sea level. Reference 

point, southeast corner of southeast pier of south water tower, 178.78 feet 

above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 6, 

5:00 p.m., 219.7; June 24, 4:40 p.m., 221.6; July 26, 2:45 p.m., 219.94; 

Dec. 30, 3:15 p.m., 220.5.

Forrest County

City of Hattiesburg. SEjHWj sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 13 W., 5 feet west 

of northwest corner of old pumping station. Unused drilled city well, 

diameter at top 10 inches, reported depth 700 feet. Measuring point, top 

of 10 by 4 inch bushing, 3.95 feet above land surface and about 160 feet 

above mean sea level. Flowing prior to measurements. Water levels, in 

feet above measuring point, 1940: Feb. 20, 0.60; Oct. 29, 0.44.

City of Hattiesburg. SB^NE|- sec. 10, T. 4 N., R. 13 W., on the south 

edge of a private drive opposite southeast corner of old pumping station. 

Unused drilled city well, diameter at top 10 inches, reported depth 390 

feet, finished with 80 feet of screen. Measuring point, top of 4-Inch 

standpipe, 7.7 feet above land surface and about 158 feet above mean sea 

level. Water level affected by barometric pressure. Water-stage recorder 

maintained on well since Mar. 1, 1940.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Mar. 20

31

Apr. 1

13

May 4

31

June 6

26

July 2

11

Hour

11:45 a.m.

6:00 p.m.

12;01 a.m.

11:45 a.m.

2:00 a.m.

10:15 p.m.

11:00 a.m.

5:00 a.m.

11:00 a.m.

2:00 a.m.

Water 

level

2.37

1.53

1.64

2.23

1.11

2.41

2.84

1.75

1.92

0.88

Date

Aug. 22

31

Sept. 21

30

Oct. 1425'

Nov. 9

28

Dec. 3

27

Hour

6:00 a.m.

11:30 a.m.

10:30 a.m.

5:00 a.m.

6:00 a.m.

2:30 p.m.

&:00 a.m.

2:00 p.m.

8:00 p.m.

6:30 p.m.

Water 

level

0.73

2.06

2.28

1.80

1.89

2.26

1.88

2.33

2.29

1.34
MISSISSIPPI 63

Forrest County Continued.

Dixie Tung Empire Corporation. NEiNEj sec. 28, T. IN., R. 12 w., 

behind manager's residence, 200 yards west of U. S. Highway 45 at Dixie 

station. Used bored domestic water-table well, diameter at tcio 6.5 Inches, 

depth 60 feet. Measuring point, top of tile curbing, 5.8 feet above land 

surface and about 255 feet above mean sea level, water level?, in feet 

below measuring point, 1940; Aug. 31, 48.04; Sept. 28, 49.88; Oct. 29, 

49.27; Nov. 29, 50.45.

Grenada County

12. Holcomb school. Measuring point, 185.59 feet above mean sea 

level, water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: June 10, 3:?0 p.m., 

211.9; July 30, 10:00 a.m., 212.3.

16. Town of Holcomb. Measuring point, 193.64 feet abovr mean sea 

level, water levels-, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 11, 2:?0 p.m., 

189.2; June 10, 3:40 p.m., 188.9; July 30, 10:25 a.m., 187.9.

Harrison County

118. City of Gulfport.

water level, in feet above measuring point. 1940

Date

Jan.

Pebi

Mar.

Apr.

MayJune

Hour

29

31

9

10

9

30

14

23

1

31

7

11

7:45

8:45

4:00

6:20

9:45

3:00

4:15

3:30

2:00

2:00

3:45

1:30

a

a

a

P

P

P

a

P

P

P

a

P

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

Water 

level

14.3

25.4

22.3

14.9

16.9

22.8

20.0

23.7

22.5

19.2

19.3

21.4

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Sour

18

25

2

15

. 7

30

13

23

15

25

10

27

10:00

3:30

12:15

3:45

2:15

Iil5

5:00

5:00

11:00

2:30

8:15

4:30

P

P

a

P

P

P

P

P

a

P

a

P

.IT.

.IT.

 IT.

.F.

.F.

.IT.

.IT.

.IT.

.IT.

.m.

.m.

.IP,

Water 

level

18.9

21.4

19.0

22.3

18.1

22.0

22.1

19.0

20.1

22.0

20.0

22.7

Holmes County

38. Town of Tchula. Measuring point, 118.25 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, In feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 13, 1:45 p.m., 

136.79; June 11, 3:50 p.m., 138.6; July 30, 5:15 p.m., 145.5; Dec. 5, 

4:30 p.m., 138.2.

59. M. L. Smith. Measuring point, 111.72 feet above mean sea level, 

water levels, In feet above datum, 1940: June 11, 2:50 p.m., 240.5; 

July 30, 4:45 p.m., 239.4.

Humphreys County

10. 

level.

Mar.

Apr. 

May 

June

14 

21 

3 

9 

2 

5 

1 

16

Wlster Henry. Measuring point, 114.90 feet above mr^n 

water level, in feet above datum, 1940

5:00 

5:00 

7:15 

5:00 

4:00 

3:45 

7:15 

6:00

a.m. 

p.m. 

p.m. 

a.m. 

a.m. 

p.m. 

a.m. 

a.m.

220 

222 

222 

221 

221 

122 

222 

220

.3

.9 

.7 

.4 

.5 

.9 

.5 

.9

July 

Aug. 

Sept 

Dec.

1 

18 

20 

25 

. 1 

29 

6 

11

9: 

4:

12: 

1: 

11; 

6: 

1: 

5:

00 

15 

10 

45 

00 

00 

30 

00

a. IP. 

p. IP. 

a.m. 

p.m. 

a. IT, 

p.m. 

p. IP, 

p. IP,

sea

221.4 

223.0 

222.9 

220.7 

222.9 

220.1 

227.4 

224.0
64 WATER LEVELS AND AMESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Humphreys County Continued.

18. J. C. Holbrook. Measuring point, top of 4-inch elb->w, 1.4 feet 

above land surface and 109.40 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 3

13

Mar. 18

31

Apr. 1

30

May 2

23

June 8

28

July 1

Hour

12:01 a.m.

6:15 p.m.

10:30 p.m.

11:59 p.m.

7:00 a.m.

6:00 a.m.

8:30 a.m.

4:30 a.m.

2:00 p.m.

11:00 a.m.

2:00 a.m.

Water 

level

115.8

117.6 .

117.0

116.3

116.1

116.9

117.0

116.6

116.5

116.9

116,6

Date

July 18

Aug. 2

6

Sept. 1

22

Oct. 2

8

Nov. 25

23

Dec. 18

26

Hour

1:30 p.m.

6:30 p.m.

10;00 p.m.

4:00 p.m.

4:30 a.m.

10:15 p.m.

5;00 a.m.

7:15 p.m.

6:30 a.m.

4:00 a.m.

7:45 p.m.

Water 

level

117.3

116.5

117.2

117.0

116.0

116.0

115.3

115.5

114.6

114.6

116.1

56. Town of Louise. Measuring point, about 108 feet ab-^ve mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 14, 9:00 a.m., 

129.7; June 11, 1:00 p.m., 130.1; Dec. 5, 10:00 a.m., 129.5.

Issaquena County

24. W. W. Gary. Measuring point, 98.IS feet above mean sea level. 

Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 12, 5:00 p.m., 145.8; 

June 11, 11:00 a.m., 146.5; Aug. 10, 3:15 p.m., 149.3; Dec. SI, 11:40 a.m., 

145.45.

Jackson County

Camp McClellan, Civilian Conservation Corps. SBiNWj sec. 35, T. 6 S., 

R. 9 W., approximately 0.5 mile west of public road and 150 yrds south 

of secondary road, 25 feet southwest of a concrete foundation. Unused 

drilled camp well, diameter at top 3 inches, measured depth 954 feet. 

Measuring point, top of casing tee, 2.6 feet above land surface and about 

45 feet above mean sea level. Water-stage recorder maintained on well 

since Feb. 9, 1940.

Water level, in feet above measuring point. 1940

Feb. 9

26

Mar. 4

14

Apr. 1

1

May 5

20

June 1

23

July 3

5:30 p.m.

5:30 a.m.

1:30 p.m.

1:45 a.m.

4:00 a.m.

11:10 a.m.

1:00 a.m.

11:45 a.m.

5:00 a.m.

1:15 p.m.

4:30 a.m.

32.2

40.6

43.5

35.5

37.0

43.0

39.2

40.7

39.3

41.0

40.3

July 25

Aug. 19

30

Sept. 2

14

Oct. 3

27

Nov. 1

13

Dec. 4

26

2:00 p.m.

2:00 p.m.

11:00 p.m.

2:00 p.m.

6:45 a.m.

4:00 p.m.

6:00 a.m.

12:01 a.m.

5:00 a.m.

2:30 a.m.

3:30 p.m.

40.1

41.2

39.4

40.0

39.3

40.0

39.1

39.9

39.0

38.9

40.0

65. Gulf Hills Development Company. NWjNEfc sec. 24, T. 7 S., 

R. 9 W., behind club house. Used drilled club well, diameter at top 

4 inches, reported depth 873 feet. Measuring point, top of casing tee, 

2.4 feet above land surface and about 19 feet above mean sea level. 

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940; Aug. 29, 2°.4.

Jones County

Mr. Ed Howard. SB|SB| sec. 11, T. 9 N., R. 11 W., south of tenant 

house and 100 yards west of U. S. Highway 11. Used bored domestic well, 

diameter at top 8 inches, measured depth 21.5 feet. Measuring point, 

top of wooden curbing, 3.0 feet above land surface and about 304 feet 

above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 1940: 

Aug. 31, 17.68; Sept. 28, 17.70; Oct. 29, 17.94; Nov. 29, 18.05.
MISSISSIPPI 65

Jones County Continued.

Gilchrist-Fordney Lumber Company. NEj-SWj sec, 32, T. 9 N., R. 11 W., 

on south side of private road which Joins First Ave. at 13th St., and 

380 feet south-southeast of crossing at G. M. & N. R. R. tracks. Unused 

drilled industrial well, diameter at top 8 inches, reported depth 400 feet, 

completely cased and screened* Measuring point, top of well casing, 0.2 

foot above land surface and about 268 feet above mean sea lerel. Water 

level affected by barometric pressure. Water-stage recorder maintained 

on well since May 11, 1940.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

May 11 

29 

June 15 

30 

July 20 

27 

Aug. 3 

24

Hour

4:15 p.m. 

8:30 a.m. 

8:30 a.m. 

4;00 p.m. 

8:15 a.m. 

8:10 a.m. 

8; 40 a.m. 

9;10 a.m.

Water 

level

102.7 

106.9 

104.6 

109.6 

106.1 

127.3 

128.5 

105.3

Date

Sept. 8 

30 

Oct. 22 

30 

Nov. 2 

28 

Dec. 1 

29

Hour

12:01 a.n. 

6:00 a.n. 

10:30 a.n. 

11:15 p.n. 

6:30 p.n. 

10:30 a.n. 

12:01 a.n. 

11:30 p.n.

Water 

level

110.7 

105.7 

106.1 

110.3 

109.6 

104.4 

105.7 

100.6

(Well 14 in Water-Supply Paper 576, p. 253) Starch plant, U. S. 

Department of Agriculture. NE^SEi sec. 7, T. 8 N., R. 11 W., on the north 

edge of entrance drive, 75 feet south of the southwest corner of the plant 

office at Laurel. Abandoned drilled industrial well, diameter at top 

10 inches, reported depth 272.5 feet, completely cased and screened. 

Measuring point, top of well casing, 2.0 feet above.land surface and about 

243 feet above mean sea level. Measurements show pumping le^el in area 

of heavy and continuous pumping. Weekly water-level measurements have 

been made since May 11, 1940; water-stage recorder maintained on well 

since Dec. 2, 1940.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

May

June

July

Aug.

Sept

11

18

25

1

8

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

31

. 7

14

5:20

2:15

2:30

8:50

9:50

12:30

7:40

7:46

7:45

7:15

8:10

7:45

8:35

8:50

8:10

6:30

8:15

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

a.m.

p.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

123

126

129

124

130

140

141

125

125

127

130

132

128

127

128

126

125

.6

.5

.O

.6

.6

.6

.4

,5

.5

.3

.8

.5

.5

.6

.7

.4

.3

Sept. 21

28

Oct. 5

12

19

26

Nov. 2

9

16

23

30

Dec. 3

7

14

21

28

9:

6:

8:

6:

8:

8:

7:

10

10

45

30

10

50

30

8:45

12:

7:

4:

2:

9:

12:

8:

8:

15

45

00

15

45

15

20

40

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

a

P

a

P

P

a

P

a

a

.11.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.m.

.n.

.n.

.n.

.m.

132.1

130.7

132.6

140.7

138.6

139.7

140.6

138.4

130.1

133.1

128.3

140.0

130.6

126.4

127.8

130.6

Mr. M. Brannon. NEjSWj sec. 25, T. 7 N., R. 13 W., on west side of 

IT. S. Highway 11, 0.7 mile southeast of Tawanta and at rear of the 

Brannon residence. Used bored domestic water-table well, diameter at 

top 8 inches, reported depth 90 feet. Measuring point, top of wood curbing at base of hinged cover, 3.2 feet above land surface and about 352 

feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet below measuring point, 

1940: Sept. 29, 74.69j Oct. 29, 71.44; Nov. 29, 70.55.

Town of Ovett. NEj-SW^ sec. 18, T. 6 N., R. 10 W., along graveled 

road 150 yards west of crossing at railway station and 200 feet south of 

highway. Used drilled public well, diameter at top 2 inches, reported 

depth 190 feet.. Measuring point, top of well elbow, 0.8 foot above land 

surface and about 175 feet above mean sea level. Flowing prior to measure 

ments. Water level, in feet above measuring point, 1940: Mar. 14, 3.58.
66 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

LePlore County

60. Mrs. D. B. Jameson. Measuring point, 133.64 feet above mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 12, 5:00 p.m., 

148.2; June 26, 8:00 p.m., 149.3; July 27, 3:00 p.m., 147.4; Dec. 28, 

4:00 p.m., 146.9.

74. Rudolph Bernander. Measuring point, 132.97 feet above mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 12, 3:30 p.m., 

143.1; June 27, 9:00 a.m., 142.82; July 27, 3:15 p.m., 142.8.

134. E. D. Simmons. Observations discontinued Feb. 14, 1940. 

Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Jan. 7, 132.85; Jan. 9, 132.67; 

Feb. 4, 129.71; Feb. 13, 130.61; Feb. 14, 130.51.

136. C. M. Journey. Measuring point, 131.30 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 11, 4:30 p.m., 

167.5; June 12, 8:30 a.m., 166.5; July 30, 11:00 a.m., 166.8; Sept. 13, 

5:30 p.m., 166.7.

152. City 'of Greenwood. NB|-HWj sec. 15, T. 19 N., R. IE., at concrete drinking fountain on west side of city power plant and 40 feet east 

of center line of Cotton Ave. Unused drilled public well, diameter at 

top 6 inches, measured depth 660 feet. Measuring point, top of well 

casing, 2.5 feet above land surface and 148.11 feet above mean sea level. 

Water level affected by pumping from well that Is 100 feet w»st of well 

152. Water-stage recorder maintained on well since Feb. 1940.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Mar.

Apr.

May

Sept

Hour

14

30

1

23

1

22

.30

6:00

6:00

9:00

6:30

6:00

4:00

8:00

P

a

P

a

a

P

P

.m.

 .m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

Water 

level

144.85

146.38

145.47

146.98

146.94

145.59

144.82

Date

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Hour

5

31

2

30

10

25

10:30

11:59

5:45

8:45

4^00

3:00

P

P

P

a

P

P

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.?

.m.

Water 

level

144.87

145.98

145.37

146.60

146.29

147.09

Oktibbeha County

(Well 2 in Water-Supply Paper 576, p. 371) Miss. State College. 

Wt sec. 1, T. 18 N., R. 14 E., 100 feet east of the northeast corner 

of the Civil Engineering laboratory. Unused drilled public well, diameter 

at top 6 inches, reported depth 1,008 feet. Measuring point, top of well 

casing, 2.33 feet above land surface and 383.28 feet above m<-»an sea level. 

Water level affected by barometric pressure. Weekly measurements made 

since June 13, 1940; water-stage recorder maintained on well since Nov. 11, 

1940.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

June

July

Aug.

Sept

13

15

23

29

1

7

14

21

28

4

11

18

24

31

. 7

16

11:10

5:00

3:00

9:20

10:00

3:00

7:00

6:00

7:00

4:00

6:00

2:30

12:01

12:01

5:45

4:00

a.m.

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

a.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

203

203

203

203

203

205

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

202

.89

.83

.85

.68

.64

.74

.64

.53

.42

.38

.37

.39

.14

.04

.05

.94

Sept. 23

30

Oct. 7

14

22

28

Nov. 4

11

18

25

Dec. 2

9

16

23

30

3:

4:

11:

2:

1:

5:

3:

3;

4:

2:

2:

8:

4:

3:

9:

20

00

15

00

10

30

30

30

30

00

00

15

00

00

00

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

202

202

202

202

202

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

203

.96

.96

.03

.08

.16

.26

.27

.50

.44

.71

.65

.81

.91

.99

.98
MISSISSIPPI 67

Quitman County

14. Dr. J. E. Purr. Measuring point, 162.63 feet above nean sea 

level.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 9 

19 

Feb. 15 

28 

Mar. 13 

31

Hour

6:15 p.m. 

9:00 a.m. 

5:00 p.m. 

4:00 a.m. 

8:00 a.m. 

6:00 p.m.

Water 

level

181.5 

178.1 

180.8 

181.3 

180.7 

181.8

Date

Apr. 13 

27 

May 1 

6 

June 1 

2

Hour

6:45 a.m. 

7:00 a.m. 

11:00 p.m. 

3:00 p.m. 

7:00 p.m. 

9:30 p.m.

Water 

level

181.4 

182.4 

182.1 

182.7 

182.6 

182.3

15. Town of Marks. SBjNWj sec. 35, T. 28 N., R. 1 W., at town water 

works, 25 feet north of stand tank and 15 feet south of south rail of 

Chevrolet garage. Unused drilled public well, diameter at top 6 Inches, 

measured depth 806 feet. Measuring point, top of well casing rhich Is at 

the land surface and about 161.5 feet above mean sea level.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Mar.

June

July

Aug.

Sept

6

19

30

8

28

8

27

. 3

12:30

4:15

5:00

4:00

7:00

6:00

2:45

4:30

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

p.m.

a.m.

a.m.

p.m.

p.m.

177

177

177

177

177

177

178

178

.7

.6

.0

.6

.1

.1

.3

.3

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.15

1

6

5

16

8

27

1:00

7:00

6:00

1:30

6:00

9:00

4:00

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

177

177

178

178

177

177

178

.2

.2

.0

.0

.4

.4

.4

21. W. R. Harrlngton. NEjNEj sec. 8, T. 27 H., R. 2 W., on gentle 

slope 15 feet west of plantation road, on east lawn of residence, about 

200 feet south of State Highway 6, and 7.4-mlles east of U. S. Highway 61 

Junction at Clarksdale. Used drilled domestic and plantation well, 

diameter at top 4 Inches reduced to Z\ Inches at screen, flnlsl ^d with 

41 feet of screen, reported depth 1,589 feet. Measuring point, top of 

4-inch casing tee, 1 foot below land surface and 164.19 feet at->ve mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 7, 8:00 a.m., 

202.9; Sept. 11, 10:10 a.m., 202.8; Dec. 30, 11:45 a.m., 202.1.

32. City Cafe, Lambert. Measuring point, 161.85 feet above mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 6, J":30 p.m., 

165.7; June 24, 3:45 p.m., 164.9; Aug. 4, 2:55 p.m., 167.1; Dec. 28, 

1:00 p.m., 164.3.

Sharkey County >

43. Gary Water Company. Measuring point, 100.90 feet above mean 

sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940; Mar. 16, 2:00 p.m., 

125.1; June 11, 11:30 a.m., 124.6.

Sunflower County

39. E. L. Coleman et al. NWjSWj sec. 28, T. 21 N., R. 3 W., 25 feet 

south of gravel road in front lawn of residence and 0.5 mile erst of U. S. 

Highway 49-W at Doddsville. Used drilled community well, diameter at top 

3 inches, reported depth 1,180 feet. Measuring point, top of 2-inch casing elbow, 0.5 foot above land surface and about 127 fee.t above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: June 26, 7:00 p.m., 

157.0; July 27, 2:00 p.m., 158.0; Dec. 31, 3:35 p.m., 155.3.

Tallahatchie County

24. Town of Tutwiler. Measuring point, 158.07 feet above mean sea 

level. Reference mark, railroad spike, 1.5 feet above land surface on 

east side of 18-inch pecan tree, 22 feet northwest of the soutl mst corner 

of Harrison apartments lot. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: 

Feb. 23, 6:00 p.m., 165.6; June 24, 4:40 p.m., 167.1; July 26, 167.0; 

Dec. 28, 2:15 p.m., 166.3.
68 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSTJKE, 1940

Tallahatchie County Continued.

68. Town of Sumner. NWfNEf sec. 11, T. 24 N., R. 2 W., immediately 

northeast of northeast foundation of elevated tank. Used drilled publicsupply well, diameter at top 8 inches, reduced to 4 inches at the screen, 

reported depth 1,680 feet. Measuring point, top of 8-inch casing, 0.5 

foot above land surface and about 153.8 feet above mean sea level. Water 

levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Feb. 23, 8:30 a.m., 205.1; June 27, 

11:05 a.m., 213.1; July 26, 3:45 p.m., 213.6; Dec. 28, 3:10 p.m., 204.4.

171. Phillip Stave Mill Company. Measuring point, 139.26 feet above 

mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Mar. 12, 4:00 

p.m., 151.3; June 27, 10 : 10 a.m., 152.3; July 27, 4:00 p.m., 152.4; 

Dec. 31, 5:10 p.m., 152.1.

Tunica County

17. G. D. Perry, Sr. SWjSEi sec. 7, T. 5 S., R. 11 W., 30 feet 

east of plantation road, on the rear lawn and 100 feet north of residence 

of Toby Perry, 2.1 miles south of Tunica and 1.3 miles west of U. S. 

Highway 61. Used drilled domestic and plantation well, diameter at top 

4|f inches, reduced to 2 inches at screen, reported depth 1,806 feet. 

Measuring point, top of 4^-inch casing tee, 0.5 foot above land surface 

and about 193 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet above 

datum, 1940; Mar. 7, 1:30 p.m., 223.2; June 25, 8:30 a.m., 222.4; 

July 26, 11:30 a.m., 221.3; Sept. 11, 11:30 a.m., 221.1; Dec. 30, 1:05 

p.m., 225.1.

Washington County

25. Wagner Plantations (formerly E. H. Fisher). Measuring point, 

122.87 feet above mean sea level. Water levels, in feet abovra datum, 

1940: Mar. 16, 4:30 p.m., 165.3; June 26, 4:30 p.m., 165.4; July 30, 

12:15 p.m., 163.0; Dec. 31, 2:15 p.m., 163.5.

65. W. D. Atterbury. Measuring point, 122.07 feet above mean sea 

level. Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940: Flowing prior to measurements; closed 20 minutes before testing. Mar. 16, 3:40 p.m., 200.87; 

June 26, 11:00 a.m., 199.4; July 30, 1:15 p.m., 199.3; Dec. 51, 9:15 a.m., 

197.6.

70. Town of Hollandale. 

sea level.

Measuring point, 119.60 feet above mean 

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

May

June

Hour

1

11

2

19

9

31

7

28

12

23

1

30

3:

3:

3:

9:

9:

10:

11:

10:

3:

12:

11:

10:

30

00

30

45

00

00

00

00

45

01

45

00

p.m.

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

a.m.

p.m.

p.m.

a.m.

p.m.

Water 

level

91.60

92.67

91.60

93.81

92.75

94.70

94.93

96.15

96.63

94.94

96.48

94.97

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

2

24

8

12

. 1

24

1

31

6

28

6

31

Hour

4:00

8:30

1:00

5:30

10:15

2:00

8:30

11:15

1:15

11:00

3:00

9:45

P

P

P

a

a

P

a

a

P

P

P

a

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

.m.

Water 

level

94.92

97.16

96.75

97.60

97.44

95.12

96.27

94.80

94.48

96.76

96.94

99.27

Yazoo County

25. Yazoo City. Measuring point, 112.71 feet above mean sea level. 

Water levels, in feet above datum, 1940; Mar. 14, 10:30 a.m., 138.2; 

June 11, 1:35'p.m., 138.5; July 30, 3;45 p.m., 138.6; Dec. 5, 9:35 a.m., 

138.4.
NORTH CAROLINA.

STATE-WIDE PROJECT 

By B. D. Burchard

The program of water-level measurements in observation w=«lls in 

North Carolina, as described in Water-Supply Papers 777, 840, 845, and 

886, was continued in 1940. Water-level recorders were operated on five 

wells throughout the yearj measurements were made daily to about weekly 

in four other wells.

In 1940 net declines in water level occurred in five wells and net 

rises in water level occurred in three wells. The declines ranged from 

0.2 foot in the Preuler well at Roanoke Rapids, to 1.0 foot in the 

Terrell well near Copeland, and possibly as much as 3 feet in the 

McCauley well at Chapel Hill. The McCauley well went dry October 10, a 

month before the water levels in the other wells began to ris?. Net rises 

in water level during the year ranged from 1.5 feet in the Kurfee well at 

Mocksville, to nearly 2 feet in the Baldwin well at Blantyre and the 

Governor Holt well at Haw River.

Records of water level in 1940 in nine wells under observation are 

given on the following pages. The water level in each well is expressed 

in feet above an assumed datum.

Preuler well.

Mean daily water level, in feet above datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

10 

11 

12 

13 

14 

15 

16 

17 

18 

19

Jan. Mar.

5.69 . 

5.62 .

.... 7

.... 6 

.... 6 

.... 6 

.... 6 

.... 6 

.... 6 

.... 6

...

.05

.31 

.45 

.71 

.63 

.53 

.58 

.57

Apr.

6.23 

6.16 

6.18 

6.22 

6.12 

6.05 

6.07 

6.17 

6.14 

6.01 

6.01 

6.18 

6.7S 

6.62 

6.61 

6.54 

6.49 

6.47 

6.48

May

6.40 

6.38 

6.34 

6.24 

6.14 

6.13 

6.11 

6.11 

6.16 

6.09 

6.07 

6.03 

6.02 

5.97 

5.94 

6.02 

6.13 

6.03 

5.99

June

5.81 

5.77 

5.73 

5.71 

5.70 

5.67 

5.65 

5.64 

5.66 

5.60 

5.57 

5.54 

5.51 

5.50 

5.47 

5.42 

5.43 

5.50 

5.47

July

5.11 

5.08 

5.08 

5.07 

5.03 

4.99 

4.98 

4.96 

4.93 

4.90 

4.88 

4.95 

5.58 

5.45 

5.39 

5.35 

5.30 

5.21 

5.17

Aug.

4.75 

4.72 

4.69 

4.66 

4.64 

4.64 

4.73 

4.65 

4.60 

4.63 

4.74 

4.85 

4.82 

5.20 

8.56 

9.30 

9.47 

9.32 

9.08

Sept.

7.72 

7.51 

7.37 

7.25 

7.18 

7.12 

7.05 

7.02 

7.00 

6.93 

6.83 

6.77 

6.67 

6.64 

6.63 

6.56 

6.49 

6.46 

6.40

Oct.

6.04 

6.02 

5.95 

5.90 

5.86 

5,87 

5.90 

5.85 

5.80 

5.76 

5.74 

5.70 

5.68 

5.65 

5.65 

5.57 

5.57 

5.53 

5.53

Nov.

5-. 15 

5.37 

5.25 

5.20 

5.19 

5.16 

5.11 

5.07 

5.02 

4.98 

4.95 

4.94 

5.48 

5.97 

6.34 

6.16 

6.09 

5.95 

5.90

Dec.

5.63 

5.56 

5.53 

5.51 

5.52 

5.43 

5.49 

5.44 

5.37 

5.35 

5.30 

5.29 

5.27 

5.23 

5.23 

5.28 

5.25 

5.18 

5.16

69
70 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Freuler well. Continued.

Mean daily water level, in feet above datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan. Mar.

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

.50

.43

.49

.39

.32

.32

.27

.29

.28

.26

.35

,28

Apr.

6.61

6.50

6.39

6.33

6.52

6.44

6.41

6.37

6.33

6.34

6.38

....

May

5.98

6.17

6.12

6.08

6.08

6.04

5.95

5.40

5.88

5.85

5.89

5.87

June

5.40

5.35

5.32

5.34

5.32

5.29

5.25

5.21

5.20

5.16

5.11

....

July

5.13

5.08

5.00

4.98

4.97

4.93

4.89

4.85

4.82

4.86

4.83

4,82

Aug.

8.71

8.42

8.19

7.99

7.81

7.67

7.87

7.71

7.60

8.20

7.99

7.84

Sept.

6.39

6.35

6.32

6.26

6.25

6.24

6.12

6.10

6.08

6.06

6.06

....

Oct.

5.50

5.44

5.39

5.37

5.38

5.34

5.30

5.26

5.24

5.20

5.22

5.17

Nov.

5.91

5.88

5.83

5.78

5.80

5.73

5.74

5.84

5.67

5.67

5.64

....

Dec.

5.19

5.18

5.14

5.08

5.07

5.13

5.14

5.08

5.56

5.56

5.48

5.44

Kurfee well.

Mean daily water level, in feet above datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day Ja

1 3.

2 3.

3 3.

4 3.

5 3.

6 3.

7 3.

8 3.

9 3.

10 3.

11 3.

12 3.

13 3.

14 4.

15 4.

16 4.

17 4.

18 4.

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30 4.

31 4.

n. Feb.

90 4.38

90 4.38

89 4.38

89 4.39

88 4.40

87 4.42

85 4.44

84 4.45

82 4.45

80 4.51

79 4.60

78 4.59

77 4.58

61 4.59

62 4.60

28 4.60

15 4.63

12 5.17

5.19

5.07

5.03

5.02

5.04

5.11

5.18

5.24

5.32

5.38

5.42

38 ....

38 ....

Mar.

5.46

5.50

5.63

5.72

5.72

5.73

5.77

5.83

5.84

5.85

5.88

5.90

5.92

6.16

6.27

6.19

6.19

6.24

6.32

6.37

6.41

6.52

6.57

6.60

6.63

6.66

6.70

6.75

6.79

6.85

6.87

Apr.

6.88

6.89

6.91

6.94

6.96

6.96

6.96

7.05

7.07

7.03

7.03

7.07

7.09

7.11

7.13

7.14

7.14

7.14

7.18

7.32

7.33

7.29

7.29

7.34

7.35

7.38

7.41

7.45

7.50

7.56

....

May

7.63

7.68

7.71

7.72

7.72

7.72

7.74

7.76

7.78

7.79

7.79

7.78

7.77

7.77

7.77

7.76

7.75

7.72

7.71

7.72

7.70

7.66

7.64

7.63

7.61

7.56

7.52

7.51

7.52

8.82

8.64

June

8.30

8.22

8.21

8.24

8.31

8.31

8.33

8.35

8.35

8.35

8.36

8.36

8.36

8.36

8.36

8.35

8.31

8.30

8.30

8.28

8.22

8.20

8.21

8.23

8.24

8.21

8.15

8.09

8.06

7.97

....

July

7.94

7.89

7.84

7.80

7.73

7.69

7.66

7.62

7.58

7.53

7.51

7.55

7.58

7.46

7.42

7.40

8.30

8.34

8.04

7.95

7.93

7.92

7.92

7.92

7.92

7.90

7.87

7.83

7.80

7.87

7.79

Aug.

7.75

7.69

7.63

7.60

7.57

7.54

7.52

7.49

7.42

7.37

7.33

7.31

7.38

8.91

8.68

8.74

8.77

8.77

8.78

8.79

8.79

8.79

8.79

8.79

8.79

8.79

8.78

8.76

8.72

8.70

8.67

Sept.

8.66

8.62

8.57

8.52

8.48

8.43

8.39

8.36

8.34

8.30

8.21

8.13

8.06

8.01

7.98

7.92

7.84

7.78

7.73

7.68

7.63

7.59

7.52

7.47

7.43

7.33

7.25

7.19

7.14

7.09

....

Oct.

7.05

7.01

6.94

6.8«

6.80

6.74

6.71

6.64

6.54

6. 45

6.40

6.3S

6.3?.

6.27

6.2.r

6.18

6.12

6.0°

6.C4

6.00

5.97

5.92

5.88

5.85

5.81

5.77

5.71

5.67

5.62

5.5R

5.54

Nov.

5.52

5.51

5.44

5.38

5.35

5.32

5.27

5.23

5.19

5.15

5.12

5.09

5.80

7.05

6.86

6.14

5.68

5.49

5.41

5.40

5.40

5.41

5.42

5.44

5.46

5.46

5.48

5.48

5.48

5.48

....

Dec.

5.48

5.47

5.45

5.43

5.43

5.41

5.37

5.36

5.34

5.31

5.28

5.26

5.24

5.21

5.17

5.32

5.38

5.24

5.20

5.19

5.19

5.20

5.22

5.22

5.25

5.27

5.28

5.31

5.35

5.35

5.35

Brick Pit well.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 6

13

20

27

Feb. 3'

10

17

24

Mar. 2

Water 

level

3.18

3.22

3.20

3.46

3.60

3.62

3.64

3.68

3.68

Date

Mar. 9

16

23

30

Apr. 6

13

20

27

May 4

Water 

level

3.64

3.66

3.68

3.74

3.78

3.86

3.88

3,84

3.74

Date

May 11

18

25

June 1

8

15

22

29

July 6

Water 

level

3.61

3.48

3.38

3.28

3.64

3.68

3.64

3.48

3.45

Date

July 13

20

27

Aug. 3

10

17

24

31

Sept . 7

Water

level

3.30

3.22

3.07

2.88

2.74

3.30

4.00

4.38

4.32
NORTH CAROLINA 71

Brick Pit well. Continued.

later level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Sept. 14 

21 

28 

Oct. 5

Water 

level

4.14 

3.96 

3.70 

3.50

Date

Oct. 12 

19 

26 

Nov. 2

Water 

level

3.38 

3.20 

3.06 

2.92

Date

Nov. 9 

16 

23 

30

Water 

level

2.76 

2.78 

2.70 

2.64

Date

Dec. 7 

14 

21 

2?

Water 

level

2.58 

2.52 

2.44 

2.43

Fishdam well.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

14

11

21

1

9

17

22

1

9

18

4.27

6.11

6.50

5.70

5.78

6.32

6.16

6.15

6.22

6.36

Apr.

May

June

July

26

1

20

30

4

14

21

12

20

6.63

6.45

5.38

6.73

5.89

3.73

3.97

1.75

1.59

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

31

8

13

15

26

. 6

13

28

4

1.58

1.57

1.39

1.27

2.36

1.45

1.28

1.17

.78

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

212^»

7

19

3

8

16

23

0.27

.11

.03

.00

.52

2.84

2.80

2.89

3.93

Baldwin well.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan,

1.64

1.63

1.52

1.61

1.61

1.60

1.60

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.58

1.58

1.58

1.59

1.58

1.58

1.59

1.58

1.33

1.32

1.31

1.31

1.31

1.30

1.26

1.27

1.25

1.26

1.26

1.26

1.26

Feb. ;

1.25

1.26

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.24

1.25

1.24

1.29

1.31

1.32

1.41

1.42

1.42

1.43

1.46

1.50

1.52

1.56 '

1.60 -

1.62 '

1.65 '

 » » 

....

Ipr. M

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 5

... 6

... 6

1.81 6

1.87 6

1.89 6

1.96 6

1.98 6

.... 6

ay

.06

.10

.12

.18

.22

.25

.31

.36

.40

.44

.49

.53

.57

.61

.64

.67

.72

.77

.81

.84

.89

.92

.97

.00

.03

.07

.10

.13

.16

.19

.22

June

6.24

6.26

6.28

6.31

6.32

6.34

6.36

6.39

6.39

6.39

6.43

6.45

6.45

6.45

6.47

6.47

6.47

6.48

6.48

6.49

6.49

6.49

6.50

6.50

6.50

6.49

6.49

6.47

6.47

6.46

....

July

6.44

6.44

6.41

6.39

6.37

6.35

6.33

6.32

6.29

6.28

6.25

6.23

6.20

6.18-

6.16

6.13

6.11

6.08

6.04

6.02

6.01

5.98

5.95

5.93

5.90

5.88

5.82

5.82

5.82

5.80

5.78

Aug.

5.76

5.73

5.69

5.68

5.64

5.60

5.58

5.56

5.53

5.49

5.46

5.48

5.60

5.77

5.64

5.56

5.46

5.42

5.37

5.32

5.32

5.28

5.26

5.24

5.22

5.20

5.19

5.18

5.30

5.29

5.27

Sept.

5.26

5.27

5.25

5.24

5.24

5.25

5.27

5.27

5.31

5.31

5.33

5.34

5.37

5.36

5.38

5.40

5.42

5.43

5.43

5.46

5.48

5.51

5.52

5.53

5.53

5.53

5.54

5.54

5.54

5.56

....

Oct.

5.55

5.55

5.54

5.54

5.53

5.51

5.51

5.50

5.47

5.45

5.42

5,38

5.34

5.33

5.31

5.29

5.25

5.20

5.17

5.12

5.09

5.04

5.02

4.98

4.95

4.89

4.84

4.82

4.77

4.73

4.69

Nov.

4.65

4.61

4.60

4.53

4.45

4.44

4.40

4.37

4.33

4.30

4.27

4.23

4.21

4.17

4.14

4.12

4.12

4.02

3.98

3.98

3.95

3.93

3.91

3.87

3.87

3.86

3.82

3.79

3.78

3.76

....

Dec.

3.77

3.73

3.71

3.69

3.68

3.67

3.66

3.64

3.61

3.61

3.58

3.57

3.55

3.55

3.53

3.53

3.51

3.49

3.48

3.48

3.48

3.45

3.46

3.45

3.46

3.46

3.46

3.43

3.46

3.45

3.44
72 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Alston well.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 3

6

10

13

17

20

24

27

31

Feb. 3

7

10

14

17

21

24

27

Mar. 2

6

9

13

16

20

23

Water 

level

11.58

11.64

12.72

13.00

12.00

12.36

12.63

12.84

11.68

11.76

13.00

13.23

13.75

14.02

14.28

14.00

14.03

13.96

13.82

13.70

14.18

14.63

15.30

14.86

Date

Mar. 27

30

Apr. 3

6

10

13

17

20

24

27

May 1

4

8

11

15

18

22

25

29

June 1

5

8

July 3

6

Water 

level

13.98

14.09

13.96

13.82

13.62

13.86

13.72

13.61

13.45

13.18

12.88

12.63

13.76

13.82

13.98

14.03

13.88

13.76

13.62

13.45

13.00

12.92

11.38

11.18

Date

July 17

20

24

27

31

Aug. 3

7

10

14

17

21

24

28

31

Sept. 4

7

11

14

18

21

25

28

Oct. 2

5

Water 

level

11.92

11,56

11.23

12.09

12.34

11.98

10.81

11.10

16.54

17.00

12.92

12.59

15.38

14.11

10.65

11.10

10.32

10.38

10.31

10.09

10.53

10.42

12.83

12.61

Date

Oct. 9

12

16

19

23

26

30

Nov. 2

6

9

13

16

20

23

27

30

Dec. 4

7

11

14

18

21

25

28

Water 

level

12.08

11.91

13.27

13.12

13.36

13.61

10.84

10.61

11.22

11.00

12.76

13.93

19.69

12.45

12.36

11.99

12.19

12.23

12.03

11.86

11.69

11.54

11.23

11.14

Governor Holt well.

Mean daily water level, in feet above datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day Jan.

1 5.85

2 a5.83

3 5.78

4 5.69

5 5.61

6 5.58

7 5.56

8 5.50

9 5.43

10 5.42

11 5.45

12 5.52

13 5.55

14 5.64

15 .6.14

16 6.37

17 6.50

18 a6.55

19 a6.55

20 a6.52

21 6.36

22 6.29

23 6.22

24 6 . 18

25 6.11

26 a6.03

27 a5.95

28 5.88

-,29 5.79

30 5.69

31 5.63

a

lines.

Feb.

5.63

5.69

5.86

5.97

6.23

7.09

8.91

9.58

9.86

9.94

10.38

10.53

10.42

10.27

a9.96

a9.67

9.44

9.35

10.13

10.76

11.02

10.97

10.76

10.60

10.45

10.24

10.11

10.02

9.86

.....

Record

Mar.

9.70

9.55

9.50

9.58

9.68

9.70

9.68

9.64

9.52

9.40

9.27

9.13

9.03

9.01

9.78

10.18

10.31

10.31

10.24

10.11

10.00

9.94

9.83

9.67

9.55

9.42

9.33

9.27

9.20

9.15

9.12

Apr.

9.09

9.03

8.99

8.97

8.91

8.80

8.71

8.74

8.83

8.84

8.83

8.83

8.82

8.81

8.75

8.68

8.61

8.57

8.57

8.57

8.58

8.58

8.57

8.54

8.50

8.46

8.44

8.43

8.41

8.39

estimated f

May

8»38

8.38

8.34

8.25

8.16

8.07

8.03

8.01

8.01

8.00

8.00

7.98

7.96

7.93

7.88

7.83

7.79

7.73

7.70

7.66

7.61

7.58

7.57

7.61

7.81

7.89

7.91

7.91

7.88

7.93

8.31

June

8.50

8.53

8.53

8.51

8.46

8.41

8.38

8.24

8.15

8.04

7.94

7.86

7.78

7.71

7.64

7.54

7.46

7.64

7.86

7.97

aS.Ol

a8.02

8.01

7.98

7.92

7.85

7.75

7.67

7.56

7.45

July

7.36

7.29

7.22

7.15

7.08

7.02

6.95

6.91

6.87

6.83

6.79

6.74

6.67

6.63

6.60

6.58

6.55

6.50

6.44

6.40

6.37

6.31

6.25

6.19

6.13

6.04

5.95

5.85

5.78

5.73

5.70

rom graph based on

Aug.

5.68

5.61

5.54

5.48

5.43

5.40

5.35

5.30

5.24

5.17

5.12

5.09

5.08

5.39

6.50

8.12

9.17

9.40

9.39

9.17

8.93

8.70

8.51

8.35

8.21

8.09

8.00

7.89

7.77

7.66

7.57

Sept

7.53

7.47

7.39

7.30

7.20

7.13

7.05

6.99

6.94

6.89

6.82

6.75

6.68

a6.60

6.54

6.49

6.42

6.34

6.27

6.21

6.16

6.09

6.01

5.97

5.93

a5.85

a5.76

a5.70

5.68

5.65

observer' s

. Oct.

5.61

5.57

5.51

5.4f5.42

"5.37

a5.31

a5.24

a5.18

a5.13

a5.08

a5.05

5.03

5.01

4.98

a4.93

a4.86

a4.80

a4.75

a4.6P

a4.6r

a4.5f

4.56

4.55

4.5?,

4.4B

4.43

a4.3f

a4.35

a4.3J"

a4.32

Nov.

a4.32

a4.34

a4.38

a4.43

a4.45

a4.43

a4.40

a4.36

4.33

4.32

4.32

4.32

4.52

6.08

a8.03

a8.53

a8.64

a8.60

a8.47

a8.28

a8.06

a7.85

a7.70

7.62

7.51

a7.39

a7.29

a7.20

a7.11

a7.02

readings and

Dec.

a6.93

a6.85

a6.78

a6.71

a6.65

a6.60

a6.55

a6.49

a6.43

a6.37

a6.31

a6.26

a6.22

a6.19

a6.18

a6.19

a6.24

a6.31

a6.43

a6.58

a6.71

6.76

6.72

6.65

6.62

6.66

6.81

6.95

7.26

a7.68

a7.84

range
NORTH CAROLINA 73

McCauley well.

Mean daily water level

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan.

5.45

5.42

5.40

5.38

5.38

5.34

5.32

5.34

5.28

5.27

....

....

....

....

5.27

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

5.21

5.22

5.16

5.16

5.15

5.13

5.13

5.13

5.12

Terrell

Feb.

5.11

5.13

5.11

5.12

5.15

5.19

5.26

5.26

5.26

5.30

5.35

5.38

5.39

5.42

5.36

5.35

5.35

5.42

5.50

5.54

5.54

5.53

5.52

5.55

5.56

5.56

5.58

5.63

5.60

....

....

well.

Mar.

5.59

5.59

5.63

5.66

5.67

5.67

5.68

5.70

5.69

5.67

5.66

5.65

5.65

5.69

5.76

5.81

5.83

5.86

5.90

5.90

5.90

5.92

5.93

5.92

5.93

5.93

5,95

5.97

5.98

6.02

6.01

, in feet above datum, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Apr.

6.01

6.00

6.02

6.05

6.04

6.00

6.01

6.07

6.08

6.04

6.06

6.10

6.10

6.11

6.13

6.14

6-13

6.13

6.15

6.20

6.22

6.20

6.21

6.23

6.23

6.24

6.24

6.25

6.26

6.29

....

Mean daily water level

May

6.33

6.35

6.36

6.36

6.32

6,32

6.36

6.38

6.39

6.39

6.40

6.38

6.39

6.41

6.40

6.40

6.40

6.39

6.40

6.41

6.39

6.40

6.41

6.42

6.42

6.39

6.38

6.37

6.36

6.36

6.37

. in

June

6.35

6.34

6.32

6.31

6.31

6.30

6.30

6.29

6.29

6.26

6.25

6.23

6.22

6.21

6.20

6.18

6.14

6.14

6.14

6.13

6.08

6.07

6.07

6.08

6.07

6.04

6.01

6.00

5.98

5.93

....

July

5.91

5.89

5.87

5.85

5.81

5.79

5.78

5.76

5.74

5.72

5.70

5.68

5.64

5.61

5.59

5.58

5.55

5.52

5.49

5.47

5.45

5.42

5.39

5.38

5.35

5.31

5.28

5,25

5.22

5.20

5.18

Aug.

5.15

5.11

5.08

5.06

5.04

5.02

5.00

4.98

4.95

4.93

4.90

4.88

4.86

4.86

4.88

4.92

4.91

4.88

4.86

4.83

4.81

4.79

4.77

4.75

4.74

4.73

4.72

4.70

4.68

4.67

4.65

Sept.

4.64

4.62

4.60

4.58

4.56

4.55

4.53

4.52

4.51

4.49

4.46

4.44

4.41

4.40

4.38

4.36

4.34

4.32

4.30

4.28

4.27

4.26

4.23

4.22

4.20

4.16

4.15

4.13

4.11

4.09

....

Oct.

4.07

4.05

4.03

4.01

3.99

3.97

3.96

3.94

3.91

3.89

(a)

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

. . , .

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

. . ..

feet above datum. 19 4C

(from recorder charts)

Day Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

3.08

3.07

3.05

3.03

3.00

2.98

2.96

2.94

2.93

2.93

2.92

2.93

2.93

3.00

3.03

2.96

2.94

2.93

2.92

2.92

2.91

2.89

2.88

2.87

2.85

2.84

2.73

2.72

2.70

2.69

2.68

2.65

2.64

2.64

2.64

2.65

2.65

2.63

2.62

2.60

2.59

2.57

2.55

2.59

2.68

2.58

2.56

2.55

2.55

2.54

2.52

2.50

2.43

2.43

2.42

2.41

2.35

2.34

2.34

2.34

2.33

2.32

2.27

2.24

2.23

2.23

....

....

2.23

2.20

2.15

2.14

2.14

2.15

2.14

2.13

2.10

2.08

2.09

2.07

2.06

2.05

2.04

2.02

1.94

1.94

1.94

1.94

1.93

1.94

1.94

1.92

1.91

1.88

1.87

1.86

2.52

2.79

2.72

2.62

2.53

2.49

2.42

2.36

2.15

2.11

2.07

2.04

....

....

....

....

....

....

....

1.81

1.78

1.75

1.70

1.70

1.70

1.65

1.55

1.54

1.54

1.55

1.55

1.55

1.61

1.76

1.73

1.70

1.66

1.63

1.60

1.58

1.55

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.52

....

1.52

1.51

1.40

1.39

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.40

1.39

1.38

1.37

1.36

1.30

1.29

1.31

1.31

1.30

1.29

1.28

1.27

1.26

1.25

1.24

1.24

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.23

1.24

1.23

1.22

1.21

1.21

1.20

1.20

1.19

1.41

1.40

1.39

1.37

1.35

1.33

1.32

1.31

1.30

1.30

1.29

1.29

1.32

2.23

2.19

2.12

2.07

2.04

2.00

1.96

1.91

1.87

1.84

1.82

1.81

1.80

1.74

1.73

1.70

1.67

1.66

1.64

1.63

1.62

1.60

1.58

1.57

1.57

1.56

1.55

1.56

1.55

1.55

1.54

1.54

1.53

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.E2

1.53

1.53

1.E3

1.E4

1.E4

1.E4

1.E6

1.E6

1.E6

1.E6

1.E6

1.E7

1.E7

1.F8

1.E9 i.eo

1.61 i.eo i.eo i.eo i.ei

1.62

1.62

1.63

1.64

1.73

1.76

1.74

1.74

1.75

1.76

1.76

1.77

1.78

1.78

1.78

1.81

1.83

1.83

1.84

1.84

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.86

1.86

1.87

1.90

1.90

1.90

1.91

1.92

1.92

1.93

1.93

1.93

1.93

1.93

1.94

1.94

1.95

1.96

1.97

1.99

1.99

1.99

1.99

1.99

1.98

1.98

1.99

2.00

2.01

a Well dry Oct. 11 through Dec. 31.
74 WATER LEVELS AHD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Terrell well. Continued.

Mean dally water level, in feet above datum, 194C

____________________(from recorder charts)____________________ 

Pay Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

272.80 2.47 2.08 2.30 1.75 1,34 1.18 1.78 1.52 l7?41.89 2.02

28 2.78 2.45 2.07 2.29 1.75 1.34 1.16 1.75 1.52 1.65 1.89 2.03

29 2.76 2.44 2.07 2.23 1.75 1.32 1.15 1.72 1.52 1.65 1.90 2.04

30 2.75 .... 2.10 2.18 1.76 1,31 1.36 1.75 1.52 1.68 1.90 2.04

31 2.73 .... 2.11 .... 1.75 .... 1.42 1.75 .... 1.68 .... 2.03

FORSYTE, GUILFORD, AND RANDOLPH COUNTIES 

DEEP RIVER AREA 

By V. C. Fishel

The observation-well program in the Deep River area In Forsyth, 

Guilford, and Randolph Counties, near High Point, N. C., (see Ifater-Supply 

Papers 777, 817, 840, 845, and 886), was continued In 1940 by the Geological Survey. Water-level measurements were made In 20 wells about once a 

week until August and about once a month for the pest of the year. About 

700 individual measurements of water level were made by M. Drlk during 

1940.

The accompanying illustration gives the average height of the water 

levels above assumed datum planes from November 1934 to Deceriber 1940, and 

the accumulative departure from normal precipitation at High Point from 

1934 to 1940, as determined from the records of the United States Weather 

Bureau. Normal annual precipitation at High Point is about 44 inches. 

The precipitation has been above normal each year since 1934 with the exception of 1938, when It was 2.80 inches below normal. The rater levels 

during the period of record presumably have been above normal due to the 

high precipitation.

The water levels rose an average of about 5 feet from tV<9 middle of 

November 1934 to April 2, 1935, and then declined with only ninor interruptions from April 2 until the end of the year, at which tine they were 

about 0.5 foot lower than in November 1934. The water levels rose an 

average of 7.95 feet from December 22, 1935, to April 10, 1936. These 

two dates represent respectively the times of the lowest and highest 

average stages of the water levels during the period of record, which extends from November 1934 through December 1940. The water levels declined
Cumulative departure from norma

60

40

20

Figure 5. Average water levels in wells in the Deep River area, 

from normal precipitation from 1934 to 1940 at Hig
76 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

an average of 6.62 feet from April 10 to September 25, 1936, recovered 

nearly 2 feet by October 16, and then declined about 1.5 feet by December 11.

Prom December 11, 1936, to January 22, 1937, the water levels rose 

an average of 5.83 feet to the highest average stage of 1937. This stage 

was 0.30 foot lower than the highest average stage of 1936. The water 

levels declined an average of 6.14 feet from January 22 to December 17, 

1937, and then rose 0.74 foot by December 31.

Water levels rose less during the usual spring period of recharge in 

1938 than during corresponding periods of the previous 3 years , but the 

ensuing normal summer decline was likewise less than usual. Pn average 

rise of about 1.5 feet occurred in the first week of January, but 1.1 

feet of the rise was lost by February 11. The water levels then rose an 

average of about 0.9 foot by March 18, but declined about 0.6 foot by 

April 1. They fluctuated irregularly in April, May, and June, and on 

July 8 were about 0.25 foot below the average at the beginning- of the 

year. They then declined until October 28, when they were at the lowest 

stage of the year. The water levels recovered about 2.8 feet by December 

31.

The water levels rose 3.25 feet from January 1, 1939, to March 10, 

1939, and then declined 4.49 feet by August 5. They rose 2.46 feet by 

August 19, declined 3.75 feet by December 23, and then rose 0.61 foot by 

December 29.

The water levels rose about 3 feet from January 1, 1940, to March 16. 

They declined 1.06 feet by April 6, and then rose 0.38 foot by April 3. 

This rise was followed by a decline of 0.82 foot by May 17 anc? then by 

another rise of 1.79 feet by May 31. They declined 2.35 feet by July 26 

but rose 0.81 foot by August 31. They declined 2.40 feet by October 30 

and at that time were at the lowest stage of the year. The wrter levels 

recovered 1.68 feet by December 28.

The water levels on January 1, 1941, were about one foot higher than 

on January 1, 1940, and about 0.3 foot higher than on January 1, 1935.
NORTH CAROLINA 77

Average water levels, in feet above datum planes, 

in 20 observation wells, 1940

Date

Jan. 19-20

Feb. 2-3

9-10

16-17

23-24

Mar. 1-2

8

15-16

22-23

29-30

Apr. 5-6

Water 

level

9.91

9.83

11.20

11.38

11.72

11.38

11.47

12.24

11.75

11.63

11.18

Date

Apr. 12-13

19-20

26-27

May 3-4

10-11

17

24

31

June 7

14

21

Water 

level

11.56

11.47

11.39

11.16

10,93

10.74

11.07

12.53

12.01

11.48

11.24

Date

June 28

July 4-5

12

19

26

Aug. 30-3]

Sept.27-2f

Oct. 28-3C

Nov. 28-3C

Dec. 27-2P

Water 

level

10.80

10.98

10.60

10.43

10.18

10.99

9.69

8.59

9.95

10.27

Forsyth County

18. Federal Transient Camp.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 5

12

19

26

Feb. 2

9

16

23

Mar. 1

Water 

level

10.05

10.08

10.08

10.05

10.01

10.20

10.18

10.31

10.39

Date

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

3

Water 

level

10.47

10.53

10.60

10.63

10.65

10.69

10.72

10.80

10.83

Date

May 10

17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 4

Water 

level

10.82

10.80

10.81

11.35

11.00

11.00

11.02

11.05

11.05

Date

July 12

19

26

Auf. 30

Ser*-.27

Oct. 28

Nov. 28

Dec. 27

Water 

level

11.05

11.12

11.14

11.33

11.18

11.24

12.51

10.51

19. W. C. Michael.

Water level, in feet above datum. 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

5

12

19

26

2

9

16

23

1

11.47

12.35

10.21

10.77

11.29

11.38

11.25

11.26

11.25

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

3

11.31

11.22

11.24

11.23

11.26

11.27

11.30

11.19

11.20

May

June

July

10

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

4

11.30

11.33

11.28

11.55

11.28

11.41

11.35

11.43

11.46

July

Auf .

Sept

Oct.

NOT.

Dec..

12

19

26

30

.27

28

29

27

11.47

11.48

11.49

12.41

12.37

11.87

11.78

13.68

Guilford County

la. C. H. Mackay.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan. 12

19

26

Feb. 2

9

16

23

11.12

14.00

12.18

11.63

17.98

15.75

17.50

Mar.

Apr.

1

8

15

22

29

8

15.36

15.25

16.98

15.00

13.62

13.69

June 14

21

28

July 5

12

19

14.76

15.09

13.55

16.16

14.05

13.96

July 26

Auf. 18

29

Sept . 4

13

17

12.87

20.85

14.95

15.15

13.46

12.99

418675 0-42-6
78 WATER LEVELS ADD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Guilford County Continued*

2. Lindale Dairy Corporation.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 12

19

26

Feb. 2

9

16

23

Mar. 1

8

15

22

Water 

level

9.01

9.07

9.04

8.99

9.15

9.24

9.42

9.57

9.81

9.76

9.91

Date

Mar. 29

Apr. 5

12

19

26

May 3

10

17

24

31

June 7

Water 

level

9.85

9.80

9.84

9.80

9.64

9.70

9.55

9.45

9.45

9.40

9.50

Date

June 14

21

28

July 5

12

19

26

Aug. 30

Sept. 20

27

Oct. 10

Water 

level

9.50

9.50

9.61

9.60

9.74

9.77

9.87

10.21

10.26

10.18

9.99

Date

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

19

r.s

n

8

]8

£5

2

9

16

23

30

Water 

level

9.90

9.79

9.64

9.50

9.48

9.56

9.45

9.41

9.43

9.44

9.57

4. 0. Atkins. 

. Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

liar.

5

12

19

26

2

9

16

23

1

11.83

11.61

11.53

11.48

11.41

11.82

11.43

11.44

11.58

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

3

11.64

11.53

11.84

11.94

12.02

12.11

12.15

12.33

12.34

May

June

July

10

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

4

12.46

12.54

12.52

12.93

12.73

12.81

12.79

12.78

12.79

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

39£<S

?0

.£7

£5£3

£7

12.78

12.78

12.77

12.82

12.71

12.34

12.73

11.84

5. Isaac Tonkins.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

liar.

13

20

3

10

17

24

2

8

10.35

10.38

10.42

10.23

10.50

10.25

10.38

10.20

10.44

liar.

Apr.

May

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

10

10.82

10.39

10.31

10.36

10.21

10.49

10.41

10.48

10.42

May

June

July

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

4

10.43

10.45

10.94

10.51

10.45

10.42

10.48

10.46

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

£S

?1

.£3

£^

30

£8

10.43

10.41

10.45

10.54

10.48

10.42

10.41

10.52

7. E. J. Welch.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

5

12

19

26

2

9

16

23

1

8.25

8.04

8.59

8.61

8.54

9.41

9.79

10.35

10.50

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

3

10.64

11.19

11.24

11.13

10.96

10.90

10.85

10.81

10.77

May

June

July

10

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

5

10.72

10.67

10.59

10.98

11.71

11.41

11.32

11.19

11.05

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

£6

?0

.£7£ 3

£9

£7

10.90

10.85

10.77

10.78

10.59

10.42

10.99

10.65

8. Welch Place.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan. 5

12

19

26

Feb. 2

9

16

23

Mar. 1

9.94

9.90

9.82

9.85

9.82

11.93

11.72

11.80

11.48

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

15

22

29

4

12

19

26

3

11.52

11.19

11.15

11.04

11.24

11.64

11.60

11.98

11.96

May 10

17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 5

11.64

11.58

11.40

12.78

12.44

12.14

11.81

11.59.

11.26

July ].2

19

26

Aug. TO

Sept. 27

Oct. 28

Nov. 29

Dec. £V7

11.05

10.90

10.64

10.84

10.00

9.00

9.81

9.88
NORTH CAROLINA 79

Guilford County Continued.

12. John Blair Estate. 

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 6

13

20

27

Feb. 2

10

17

24

Mar. 2

Water 

level

7.63

7.64

7.91

7.95

8.26

8.52

8.72

8.96

9.14

Date

Mar. 8

16

23

30

Apr. 6

12

20

27

May 4

Water 

level

9.36

9.61

9.62

9.90

9.94

10.03

10.18

10.13

10.32

Date

May 11

17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 5

Water 

level

10.31

10.27

10.22

10.39

10.47

10.53

10.49

10.44

10.48

Date

July 12

19

26

Aug. 31

Sept. 28

Oct. 29

Nov. 30

Dec. 28

Water

level

10.23

10.16

10.05

10.03

9.53

9.57

12.24

9.09

14. Clodfelter Dairy.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Jan . 13

20

27

Feb. 3

10

17

24

Mar. 2

8

10.71

10.80

10.70

10.68

11.81

11.75

11.98

12.01

' 12.13

Mar.

Apr.

May

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

11

12.75

12.42

12.41

12.39

12.46

12.60

12.40

12.36

12.27

May 17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 5

12.19

12.13

13.60

13.08

13.05

12.98

12.87

12.70

July 12

19

26

Aug. 31

Sept .28

Oct. 30

Nov. 30

Dec. 28

12.55

12.37

12.20

12.81

12.30

11.57

8.77

12.48

15. C. C. Bobbins.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

2

6.20

6.20

10.45

8.34

9.35

12.65

11.60

11.81

11.10

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

16

23

30

6

12

20

27

4

11.17

12.42

11.08

10.05

9.91

10.76

11.25

10.45

9.26

May

June

July

11

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

5

8.26

7.51

8.35

13.35

10.90

9.30

8.55

8.02

7.80

July

Aug.

-Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

26

31

28

29

30

28

7.39

8.92

7.92

9.40

5.80

4.15

8.68

10.57

Randolph County

9. W. C. Warner.

Corrected water level, in feet above datum, 1938-T9

Date

Apr.

May

June

1, 1938

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

4

10

17

24

Water 

level

3.35

4.50

3.60

2.83

2.09

1.43

1.07

3.21

3.86

3.02

1.64

3.50

Date

July

Aug.

Dec.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

8, 1938

26

2

9

16

23

30

6, 1939

20

17

24

10

Water 

level

.97

3.23

4.23

6.27

5.17

4.27

8.27

6.39

6.95

14.42

10.36

13.70

Date

Mar.

Apr.

May

17, 1P59

24

31

7

15

22

28

6

13

20

26

Water 

level

12.03

10.47

9.67

8.57

6.97

5.83

5.12

6.08

4.68

3.93

3.27
80 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Randolph County Continued.

9. W. C. Warner.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

2

Water 

level

4.99

5.07

7.19

7.06

6.26

8.64

11.65

11.92

11.43

Date

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

Water 

level

12.01

13.41

12.29

12.31

9.75

10.56

9.53

8.86

8.40

Date

May

June

July

10

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

4

Water 

level

7.83

7.16

10.16

7.96

13.43

10.77

10.33

8.41

8.69

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

2<S

31

.28

2P

30

28

Water 

level

6.82

6.26

3.68

9.20

5.51

- .36

3.35

4.72

9b. W. C. Warner.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan. 6

13

20

Feb. 3

10

17

24

Mar. 2

8

9.07

9.69

9.63

10.47

11.53

13.74

14.55

14.20

14.47

Mar.

Apr.

May

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

10

14.82

14.77

14.72

13.61

13.73

13.26

12.74

12.37

11.85

May 17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 4

11.43

12.56

15.63

15.42

14.09

13.01

12.34

13.35

July 12

19

26

Aug. 31

Sept. 28

Oct. 29

Nov. 30

Dec. 28

10.93

10.08

10.93

12.52

9.73

4.93

11.73

11.05

10. W. P. Beeson.

Water level. in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

6

13

20

3

10

17

24

2

8

(a)

(a)

8.65

9.27

9.92.

10.29

10.63

11.08

11.17

Mar.

Apr.

May

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

10

12.36

11.58

11.55

9.62

10.83

11.81

11.78

11.77

11.70

May

June

July

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

4

11.40

11.38

11.20

11.43

11.09

11.09

11.20

10.69

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

26

31

.28

29

30

28

10.14

10.16

10.31

9.50

8.50

(a)

9.25

9.44

11. Emery Taylor.

Water level. in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

6

13

20

10

17

24

2

9

16

(a)

(a)

4.70

7.00

8.80

9.33

9.68

9.45

11.22

Mar.

Apr.

May

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

10

10.35

10.60

9.71

10.10

9.23

9.28

8.11

7.35

May

June

July

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

4

7.20

7.54

10.82

9.20

8.40

7.09

. 6.88

5.55

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

26

31

.28

2?

30

2^

4.92

4.38

4.18

3.42

3.05

(a)

7.18

5.56

20. Dr. Bush.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan. 6

13

20

27

Feb. 3

10

17

24

Mar. 2

9.80

9.78

9.89

9.96

9.98

10.22

10.42

10.62

10.76

Mar.

Apr.

May

8

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

10.40

11.05

11.18

11:16

11.33

11.44

11.55

11.48

11.68

May 11

17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 5

11.72

11.74

11.75

12.10

11.90

11.92

11.90

11.88

11.78

July 12

192"

Aug. 31

Sept . 28

Oct. 30

Nov. 30

Dec. 2^

11.71

11.41

11.50

11.29

10*90

10.27

10.18

10.13

a Well dry.
NORTH CAROLINA 81

Randolph County Continued.

21. J. W t Young.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 6

13

20

Feb, 2

10

17

24

Mar. 2

8

Water

level

9.65

10.48

10.40

10.32

11.92

11.50

11.70

11.71

11.97

Date

Mar. 16

23

30

Apr. 6

13

20

27

May 4

10

Water 

level

13.14

12.43

12.52

12.63

12.88

13.02

13.01

13.09

13.04

Date

May 17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 4

Water 

level

12.94

13.18

14.82

13.01

12.68

12.38

12.07

12.04

Date

July 12

17

26

Aug. 31

Sep*;.28

Oct. 29

Nov. 30

Dec. 28

Water 

level

11.45

11.30

10.94

10.82

9.55

8.45

9.54

10.89

23. Mrs. Lonnle Pugh.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Jan. 6

13

20

Feb. 3

10

17

24

Mar. 2

8

12.05

12.15

12.70

11.98

15.94

13.21

13.27

12.57

12.66

Mar. 16

23

30

Apr. 6

13

20

27

May 4

10

14.74

13.02

12.96

12.86

13.08

13.09

13.12

13.23

13.27

May 17

24

31

June 7

14

21

28

July 4

13.32

13.80

15.32

13.81

13.68

13.63

13.63

13.58

July 12

19

26

Aug. 31

Sep*;.28

Oct. 29

Nov. 30

Dec. 28

13.59

13.56

13.50

13.14

12.46

11.69

11.56

11.41

25. J. S. White.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

2

8

7.78

8.05

8.12

8.09

8.53

8.84

9.17

9.40

9.68

Mar.

Apr.

May

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

11

10.01

10.07

10.09

10.13

10.40

10.47

10.40

10.50

10.34

May

June

July

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

5

10.21

10.10

10.76

10.41

10.33

10.18

10.00

9.77

JulT

Aug.

Sep*

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

26

31

.28

30

30

28

9.74

9.63

9.43

9.77

9.11

8.38

8.51

8.27

27. Walter Lambeth.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

6

12

20

3

10

17

24

2

8

S a !

(a)

14.08

14.05

15.02

17.52

17.91

14.22

14.08

Mar.

Apr.

May

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

4

11

15.96

14.82

14.71

11.67

11.92

11.97

11.56

10.89

10.45

May

June

July

17

24

31

7

14

21

28

5

10.26

10.28

11.82

10.95

10.22

9.92

9.63

9.30

July

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

12

19

26

31

.28

30

30

28

9.08

9.04

8.92

14.05

10.06

8.51

9.61

14.78

a Well dry.
82 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

ELIZABETH CITY AREA 

By A. G. Fiedler

Observations of the fluctuations of ground-water level near 

Elizabeth City, N. C., were continued in 1940 through the cooperation of 

the Elizabeth City Public Utility Commission. The records reported herein are collected for obtaining reliable information on the fluctuations 

of ground-water level in the Elizabeth City well field and also in the 

same general region but sufficiently distant from the well field, where 

the water level is not especially affected by pumping from the field.

Records were obtained on two wells equipped with water-stage recorders. 

Well 31T is a shallow well about 2,500 feet northwest of the puinping plant 

in the city well field, and well 33T ia a shallow well just west of the 

pumping plant and is within the well field proper. Detailed descriptions 

and water-level records of the wells for previous years are given in 

Water-Supply Paper 817 (pp. 225-228), Water-Supply Paper 840 (pp. 316-318), 

Water-Supply Paper 845 (pp. 343-345), and Water-Supply Paper 886 (pp. 523- 

526).

The water levels in well 31T are not appreciably affected by pumping 

in the well field, and accordingly they reflect the natural reelarge and 

discharge from the underground reservoir. The records of water level 

taken from the recorder charts represent the lowest water level, in feet 

below the measuring point, for days for which records are available. The 

highest level during the year occurred on February 20 and was 1.95 feet 

below the bench mark. This level was only 0.13 foot lower than the highest 

level recorded in 1939, which likewise occurred in February. Tl 9 lowest 

level during 1940 occurred on July 24 and 25 and was 7.69 feet below the 

bench mark. This level was 2.00 feet lower than the lowest level in 1939 

and was 0.19 foot lower than the lowest level recorded since June 27, 1935, 

when records were started. The lowest water level on December 31, 1940, 

was 0.54 foot lower than the lowest level on the same date in 1939.

According to the records of the United States Weather Bureau, the 

precipitation at Elizabeth City, N. C., during 1940 was 48.54 inches and 

was 1.04 inches above normal. Precipitation was below normal in all months 

except April, July, August, September, and November. The lowest water
NORTH CAROLINA 83

level occurred in July in spite of the fact that there occurred during 

this month 8.73 inches of precipitation, which was 2.63 inchei in excess 

of normal. However, most of the precipitation occurred on July 13 and 

24 when 3.35 inches and 3.57 inches respectively fell. In spite of the 

relatively large amount of precipitation falling on July 13, the lowest 

water level of the year occurred only 11 days thereafter. Throughout the 

latter part of June and the first half of July the water level declined 

persistently and the precipitation on July 13 interrupted this trend for 

only four days, July 14-17. The slight recovery of the water level from 

July 14 to 17 showed that only a small amount of recharge resulted from 

the rain of July 13. The reason for this is obvious that is, the precipitation fell during a period of less than 24 hours and because of its intensity it was not greatly productive of recharge. The ability of the 

soil to absorb moisture and conduct it to the water table was exceeded 

and accordingly a large part of the precipitation was consumed in temporarily satisfying soil moisture deficiency or was rejected as surface 

runoff.

A similar recharge situation was repeated with the storm of July 24 

which produced 3.57 inches of precipitation and interrupted the decline 

of the water level for only about 3 days following the precipitation. A 

total of .only 1.96 inches of precipitation occurred during the period 

August 1-13, but it was well distributed and kept the soil sufficiently 

moist. As a result rains totaling 5.27 inches during the period August 14- 

18 produced more than 5 feet of rise in the water table, wheroas a total 

of 6.92 inches of precipitation in the two storms in July produced only a 

few tenths of a foot rise.

The relation of precipitation and the fluctuations of the water 

level in well 31T during July and August 1940 illustrates clearly that 

because the capacity of the ground-water reservoir is not large persistent 

and marked declines of the water level will occur during periods of 

drought. Furthermore, because the infiltration capacity of the soil is 

limited, well distributed rains of moderate intensity are generally more 

productive of recharge in this area than heavy rainfall of short duration. 

These factors also indicate the need for careful attention to the position 

of the water table during extended periods of drought for, if such dry
84 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

periods are sufficiently long, the city may be compelled to distribute 

Its pumping over a larger area to obtain an adequate supply of water. 

The water level In well 33T, situated within the well field, reflects changes In recharge; but the strongest Influence affecting the 

water level In It Is created by the pumping of nearby wells. Records of 

water levels for this well, taken from the recorder charts, represent 

the minima on the days for which records are available. The hf.ghest 

water level recorded during the year in well 33T was 10.53 feet below 

the measuring point, and the lowest level was 14.38 feet below the measuring point on October 24 and 25. The lowest level on December 31 was 

13.26 feet, 0.24 foot higher than the level on the corresponding date In

1939. There are several periods for which no records were obtrined In

1940. It Is believed, however, that records of the lowest level of the 

year were obtained, but It is likely that a slightly higher water level 

than the highest recorded during the year, may have occurred during a 

period when no record was obtained.

During 1940 the pumpage from the Elizabeth City well field amounted 

to approximately 186,000,000 gallons. Of this amount 140,800,000 gallons 

was recorded by a meter as being pumped from the small diameter wells and 

the remainder was pumped from the large diameter gravel-wall wells. The 

pumpage from the gravel-wall wells Is estimated on the basis of metered 

pumpage for one day each month. The pumpage during 1939 estimated on the 

basis of Incomplete records was about 160,000,000 gallons. In spite of 

the somewhat greater pumpage during 1940, the water level on December 31 

was 0.24 foot higher than that of the same date of 1939. This apparently 

favorable status of the ground-water reservoir underlying the rell field 

should not be construed as Indicating that the pumpage from the field can 

be greatly Increased for, on the other hand, the fact can not be overlooked that the lowest water level of the year was 0.88 foot lower than 

the lowest water level of 1939.

The following summary table gives the highest and lowest rater levels 

recorded In wells 31T and 33T. The significant feature of the record for 

well 31T Is that the lowest level for the 5-g years of record occurred on 

July 24, 25, 1940. This level was -0.19 foot lower than the previous 

lowest level recorded. The lowest water level for well 33T during the 

3 years of record likewise occurred In 1940. The lowest water level In
NORTH CAROLINA 85

well 33T, however, occurred in October, whereas the lowest le^el In 1940 

In well 31T, which is outside of the well field proper and only remotely 

affected by pumping, if in fact it is affected at all, occurred in July. 

This difference in the date of the occurrence of the lowest level in the 

two wells is not however especially significant in view of th-» fact that 

well 33T is affected by the pumpage from the well field. Recirds of 

pumpage are not sufficiently detailed to permit a critical analysis of 

the particular pumping conditions that existed at the time wh<*n the lowest 

water level of the year was recorded in well 31T.

Summary, by calendar years, of ground-water levels 

for wells 31T and 33T, Elizabeth City area, N.C.

First 

Well measured

Lowest observed 

water level 

(by calendar year)

Water 

level

Date

Highest observed 

water level 

(by calen-:lar year)

Water 

level

(feet)

31T

33T

June 27,

Jan

31T.

. 9,

1935

1938

Lowest daily

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Jan.

3.21

3.31

3.46

3.62

3.77

4.07

4.18

4.18

3.24

2.76

3.10

3.28

3.29

....

2.31

2.47

2.72

3.14

3.28

3.48

3.91

3.97

Feb.

....

....

....

,

.

.

,

.

.

,

.

2.05

2.09

2.10

2.40

2.82

3.02

3.16

3.21

1.95

1.96

2.01

2.07

Mar.

. . . .

. . . .

. . . .

2.12

2.30

2.52

2.48

2.70

2.86

3.04

5.42

3.52

3.62

3.65

3.63

3.27

3.35

3.65

. * .

. . . .

. . . .

7

6

7

7

a 5

7

13

a!3

14

water

Apr.

3.16

3.32

3.46

3.50

3.51

3.68

3.83

3.93

3.88

3.98

4.06

4.08

2.89

2.91

3.06

3.23

3.41

3.54

3.67

3.77

3.77

3.23

.50

.64

.14

.15

.69

.69

.19

.50

.38

level,

Hay

3.62

3.73

3.81

3.94

4.08

4.55

4.68

4.92

5.16

5.95

6.02

5.86

r . . .

....

«...

....

....

....

....

5.57

5.64

5.71

Nov. 17,

June 1,

July 7,

Sept. 16,

Dec. 26,

July 24,

July 15,

Nov . 3 ,

Oct. 24,

1935

1936

1937

1938

1939

25,

1940

1938

1939

25,

1940

Date

(feet)

a

a

2.10

1.87

2.03

2.03

1.82

1.95

9.94

4.39

10.53

in feet below measuring

June July Aug.

.... 7

.... 7

.... 7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7

7.44 7

7.48 7

7.51 7

7.56 7

7.59 7

7.63 .

6.95 7

.... 7

.... 7

.... 7

7.09 7

7.13 7

7.15 7

.32 7

.34 7

.36 7

.39 7

.41 7

.44 7

.45 7

.45 7

.47 7

.49 7

.51 7

.53 7

.54 .

.44 .

.17 .

. . . .

.07 .

.12 .

.16 2

.26 2

.34 2

.64 3

.67 3

.22

.26

.30

.35

.37

.37

.39

.40

.42

.44

.52

.68

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

. . .

.31

.70

.90

.08

.21

Sept.

2.55

....

3.88

3^40

3.42

3.70

3.90

4.10

4.56

4.82

4.85

4.71

4.59

4.70

4.87

4.95

4.43

4.43

4.55

4.76

4.87

5.05

4.47

July

Oct.

Feb.

De"..

Feb.

Feb.

De"..

Mar.

May

point,

Oct.

5.6?

5.74

5.8*1

5.97

6.07

6.15

6.30

6.3*

6.41

6.50

6.56

6.65

6.73

6.74

6.7.*

6.77

6.7?

6.81

6.8*

6.91

6.9*

7.0">

7.0"

27, 1935

17, 1936

23, 1937

7, 1938

11, 1939

20, 1940

27, 1938

18, 1939*

3, 1940

1940

Nov. Dec.

7.31 5.08

7.35 5.29

7.37 5.40

7.38 5.51

7.39 5.57

7.41 5.67

7.42 5.73

7.44 5.80

7.47 5.93

7.49 6.00

7.50 6.07

7.51 6.13

7.53 6.18

7.54 6.23

6.82 6.30

5.00 6.43

4.31 6.45

4.36 6.50

4.44 6,54

4.50 6.58

4.59 6.61

4.69 6.62

4.81 6.62

a From recorder chart.
86 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE,-1940

31T. Continued.

_____Lowest daily water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940____ 

Day Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

04

25

26

27

2R

29

30

31

3.96

2.40 

2.34

2 41

2.61

2.82

....

2 on

2.36 .... 

2.51 ....

.... ....

.... 5

.... 5 

.... 5

.... 6

.... 6

.... 6

3.51 .

,7R

.85

.93

.04

.11

.14

...

7 Pf>

7.21

7 PP

7.24

7.26

7.27

7.30

7.69

7.69 

7.30

7.00

6.93

7.15

7.18

7.20

3.36

3.54 

3.91

4 11

4.26

4.41

3.60

2.33

4.66

4.81 

5.02

5.13

5.23

5.37

5.54

7.06

7.08 

7.10

7.12

7.15

7.17

7.20

7.27

5.06

5.28 

5.36

5.36

5.31

5.19

5.10

'

 

5.6C

33T.

Lowest daily water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Day Jan.

1 .....

2 ..... 

3 ..... 

4 ..... 

5 .....

6 13.51 

7 13.46 

8 13.36 

9 13.32 

10 13.31 

11 13.26 

12 .....

13 .....

14 ..... 

15 .....

16...... 

17 .....

18 .....

19 .....

20 ..... 

21 .....

22 12.74

23 12.68 

24 1 P V)

25 12.59 

26 .....

27 .....

28 .....

aa

30 ..... 

31 .....

Feb.

12! 51

12.51

12.46 

12.45 

12.46 

12.42

12.38

12.31

12.26 

12.25

12.23

12.17 

IP IP

12.03 

12.00

.....

Mar.

i2'.si

H'.76 

11.79

11.81

11.81 

11.76 

11.77 

11.69

11.55

.....

.....

.....

.....

Apr.

11.35

11.35 

11.33 

11.27 

11.27 

11.28 

11.27 

11.23 

11.23 

11.25 

11.24 

n PT

11.17

11.15 

11.12 

11.07 

11.05

11. .01

10 Q7

10.92 

10.85

10.85

.....

10.58

May

10.58

10.55 

10.53 

10.57 

10.64 

10.67

.....

n

-z T

11.35

11.41

n A.^

11.50 

11.57

11.62

11.69

11.74

11.75 

11.81

June

11.85

11.88 

11.93

ii!93 

11.99

12.10

12.17 

12.17 

12.30 

12.36

12.31

12.32

12.37 

IP /n

12.43

12.45

1 O Aft

12.65 

12.68

IP 71

T O 17*^

IP 77

12.81

July

12.90

12.93 

12.96 

13.00 

13.04 

13.11 

13.19 

13.29 

13.37 

13.45 

13.53 

13.60

13.60

13.49 

is! 27

13.39

13.47

13.52 

13.58

13.63

13.71 

13.74

13.78 

13.80

13.82

13.84

13.87

Aug.

isigi

13.97 

14.00 

14.04 

14.07 

14.10 

14.14 

14.15

14.17

14.19 

14.22 

14.22 

13.90

13.67

13.57

13.40 

13.28

13.19

13.11 

13.06

13.03 

13.05

.....

Sept

12.67 

12.68 

12.68 

12.68 

12.67 

12.67 

12.68 

12.69

is! is

13.16

13.18

13.20

13.23 

13.28

13.33

13.42 

13.45

13.49 

13.47

13.42

13.50

13.56

13.64

. Oct.

.13.68

13.72 

13.76 

13.80 

13.82 

13.83 

13.81 

13.78 

13.84 

13.89

14.11 

14.13 

14.16 

14.18

14.20

14.22

14.24 

14.69

14.32

14.35 

14.38

14.38 

14.26

14.13

13.96

13.95

13.89 

13.82

Nov.

13.77

13.72 

13.68 

13.66 

13.62 

13.58 

13.57 

13.55 

13.53 

13.52 

13.52 

13.49

13.48

13.48 

13.46 

13.45 

13.45

13.44

.....

.....

.....

.....

Dec.

.....

is! 6s

13.06

13.08

13.09

13.09 

13.11

13.12

13.14

.....

is! 26
SOUTH CAROLINA

GREENVILLE AND SPARTANBURG COUNTIES 

TIGER RIVER AREA OP SOIL CONSERVATION SERVICE 

By V. C. Fishel

The observation-well program in the Tiger River area, Sovth Carolina^/ 

was continued in 1940. Eight wells were being measured at the beginning 

of the year. Measurements were discontinued on 2 wells (1 and 2) and resumed on 3 wells (12, 18, and 35). The measurements were made by H. A. 

Dyer and J. W. Lynch of the Soil Conservation Service.

The accompanying illustration gives the average height of the water 

levels above arbitrary datum planes from July 1934 to March 1P40 and the 

accumulative departure from normal precipitation from 1934 to 1940 as 

recorded by the station of the United States Weather Bureau at Spartanburg. 

Water level averages could not be computed for the greater part of 1940 as 

most of the wells were either in use or were dry.

The average annual precipitation at Spartanburg is about 50 inches. 

It was 46.65 inches in 1934, 38.70 inches in 1935, 70.16 inches in 1936, 

53.64 inches in 1937, 39.59 inches in 1938, 40.34 inches in 1939, and 

39.95 inches in 1940. There has been a deficit of about 30 irihes of 

precipitation since October 1937.

The water-level measurements were started in the spring of 1934, at 

which time the water levels were at a low stage as a result of low precipitation during 1933 and the first part of 1934. The precipitation for 

1934 was only about 4 inches below normal, but much of it occurred during 

the last half of the year, when normally very little ground-wrter recharge takes place. The precipitation during the last half of the year 

is usually required to meet the needs of the vegetation or to replenish 

the soil moisture deficiency caused by the vegetation. The low precipitation in 1935 produced an average rise of the water levels of only 

about 1.5 feet in the first half of the year and by the end of 1935 the 

water levels had receded to about the same average stage as at the beginning of the year.______________________________________________

I/ See V/ater-Supply Papers 777, 817, 840, 845, and 886.

87
datum above feet in level, Water inches in Precipitation, 

+ i 

H M M H H 

rf^ CO O O O O 

88 HSIVM OHV KvisaaiHv 'aaassaaa o*6i 
SOOTH CAROLINA 89

The precipitation In 1936 was about 12 Inches during January, 5 Inches 

during February, 6.5 Inches during March, and 10 inches during April, 

making the precipitation for the 4-month period about 17 inches above 

normal. The water levels rose in response to the heavy precipitation an 

average of about 4.5 feet by May 18. They declined from May 18 to October 

5 and then remained rather steady until the end of the year.

The precipitation during January 1937 was more than 6 inches above 

normal. This high precipitation together with normal precipitation in 

February caused the water levels to rise an average of 2.3 fe^t by April 

5 at which time they were at the highest average stage during the period 

of record. The water levels declined gradually until the end of the year 

despite nearly normal precipitation.

In 1938, the precipitation for the first 3 months was ab-mt 6 inches 

below normal and for the next 3 months about normal. Nearly all the water 

that seeped into the ground was held in the soil and very little reached 

the water table. As a result water levels in the wells fluctuated unseasonably and the decline which began in April 1937 continued throughout 1938. The water levels declined about 2.5 feet during th^ year.

The water levels declined about half a foot from January 1 to February 

15, 1939. They then rose an average of 2.3 feet by June 5, after which 

they declined during the rest of the year. The average declined 2.7 feet 

from June 5, 1939 to January 2, 1940.

The water levels continued to decline throughout 1940. They declined 

an average of more than a foot from January 1 to April 1. Tb^ precipitation for the first 6 months was about 8 Inches below normal and it was 

about 10 inches below normal for the year. If the water levels in the 

last part of 1940 continued the same downward trend that they had during 

the period July 1, 1939 to April 1, 1940, they would have declined about 

2 feet from April 1, 1940 to December 31, 1940. They would then be 

about 4 feet below the average on January 1, 1935 and about 16 fee£ below 

the average in March 1937.

Qreenville County

15. A. W. Neves. Water levels, In feet above datum, 19*0: Jan. 2, 

9.18; Jan. 16, 9.03; Jan. 29, 8.57. Well dry rest of year.
90 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Greenville County Continued.

16. J. T. Bridewell.

Date

Jan. 2 

16 

29

Water 

level

7.72 

7.21 

7.36

Date

Feb. 12 

26

Water 

level

6.76 

6.37

Date

Mar. 11 

25

Water 

level

6.19 

(a)

18. Mrs. Hamlt.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Date

July 30 

Aug. 12 

23

Water 

level

10.37 

10.62 

10.48

Date

Sept. 10 

23 

Oct. 7

Water 

level

10.37 

10.44 

10.39

Date

Oct. 21 

Nov. 4 

18

Water 

level

10.30 

10.37 

10.40

Date

Dec. 2

17 

30

Water 

level

10.23 

10.16 

10.19

40. Will Neely.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Jan. 2

16

29

8.68

8.46

8.25

Feb.

Mar.

12

26

11

8.15

7.79

7.59

Mar.

Apr.

25

9

22

7.39

7.13

7.97

May

June

6

20

3

17

6.85

6.51

6.39

(a)

Spartanburg County

1. C. 0. Fowler.

Water level, In feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 2 

15

Water 

level

12.40 

12.25

Date

Jan. 29 

Feb. 12

vKater 

level

12.90 

12.10

Date

Feb. 26

Water 

level

11.60 

(a)

2. C. 0. Fowler. Measurements discontinued Dec. 24, 1939.

6. J. D. Darby.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

Jan. 2 

16 

29 

Feb. 12 

26 

Mar. 11 

25

Water 

level

9.48 

9.26 

9.13 

8.98 

8.90 

8.76 

8.89

Date

Apr. 8 

22 

May 6 "20 

June 3 

17 

July 1

Water 

level

9.04 

9.28 

9.29 

9.43 

9.48 

9.54 

9.57

Date

July 15 

30 

Aug. 12 

23 

Sept. 9 

23 

Oct. 7

Water 

level

9.55 

9-. 47 

9.33 

9.29 

9.44 

9.36 

8.29

Date

Oct. 21 

Nov. 4 

18 

Dec. 2 

16 

30

Water 

level

9.30 

9.15 

8.99 

8.88 

8.76 

8.70

12. J. G. R. Armstrong.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Aug.

Sept

]*2

23

.10

10.39

10.42

10.30

Sept

Oct.

.23

7

21

10.24

10.25

10.23

Nov.

Dec.

4

18

2

10.19

10.09

10.05

Dec. 16

30

9.94

10.10

33. J. L. Poster.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

2

15

29

12

26

11

18

25

1

9.70

10.59

9.40

9.56

9.15

9.03

8.99

8.88

8.83

Apr.

May

June

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

3

8.76

8.71

8.64

8.56

8.50

8.50

8.43

8.34

8.28

June

July

Aug.

Sept.

10

17

24

1

15

29

12

23

9

8.22

8.18

8.16

7.96

7.67

7.87

7.78

7.69

7.62

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.23

7

21

4

18

2

16

30

7.51

7.41

7.29

7.20

7.08

6.98

6.68

6.69

Well dry rest of year. 

Measurements discontinued.
SOUTH CAROLINA 91

35. A.

Spartanburg County Continued.

B. Grouse,

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Date

July 31 

Aug. 12 

23

Water 

level

6.88 

6.73 

6.83

Date

Sept. 10 

23 

Oct. 7

Water 

level

6.89 

6.81 

6.69

Date

Oct. 21 

Nov. 4 

18

Water 

level

6.45 

6.19 

5.92

Date

Dec. 2 

16 

30

Water 

level

5.65 

5.42 

5.18

37. C. P. Cleveland.

Water level, in feet above datum, 1940

Jan..

Feb.

2

16

29

12

26

7.60

7.29

7.94

7.07

6.88

Mar.

Apr.

May

11

25

9

22

6

6.71

7.01

6.92

6.33

6.81

May

June

July

20

4

17

1

15

6.74

7.03

6.92

6.54

6.38

July

Aug.

Sept.

31

13

23

10

5.84

8.68

7.08

(a)

38. A. B. Grouse. Water level, in feet above datum, 1£40: Jan. 2, 

8.76; Jan. 16, 9.00; Jan. 29, 8.90; Feb. 12, 8.68; well dry rest of year.

a Well dry rest of year.
TENNESSEE

MEMPHIS 

By F. H. Klaer, Jr.

The municipal water supply for the city of Memphis is taken entirely 

from wells at two locations. The water is raised by the air-lift system, 

except for one pumped well equipped with turbine pump, and is passed 

through iron removal plants consisting of aerators and filter* and delivered by two pumping stations directly to the distribution system. 

The Parkway supply system consists of 37 wells situated along North 

Parkway from the pumping station at North Dunlap Street eastward for 

about 2 miles. Twenty-eight wells tap the so-called "500-foot" sand and 

range in depth from 350 to 525 feet. Nine wells tap the so-called 

"1,400-foot" sand and range in depth from 1,250 to 1,400 feet. The 

Sheahan supply system consists of 12 wells adjacent to the Sh*>ahan pumping plant in the southeastern part of the city. Eight wells tap the 

"500-foot" sand and are from 400 to 525 feet deep and 4 wells tap the 

"1,400 foot" sand and are 1,300 to 1,400 feet deep. During 1940, the 

average pumpage for the municipal supply was about 21,500,000 gallons a 

day, about two-thirds of which was taken from the shallow wells and about 

one-third from the deep wells.

In addition to the water pumped for municipal supply, a large quantity 

of water is taken from private wells for industrial use and air-conditioning. It is estimated that this quantity is equal to or greater than that 

pumped for municipal supply.

Measurements of water level have been made in two wells in the Memphis 

area for several years. Automatic water-stage recorders have been maintained since 1932 on the Central Avenue well, which is in Peabody Park, 

near the corner of Central Avenue and Tanglewood Street, and since 1938 

on the Sycamore Avenue well, near the intersection of Sycamore Avenue and 

Fifth Street. A description of the Central Avenue well is given on page 

315 of Water-Supply Paper 817, and that of the Sycamore Avenue well is 

given on page 437 of Water-Supply Paper 845. Measurements of water level 

during the periods of record are given on pages 315-319 of Water-Supply 

Paper 817, pages 374-375 of Water-Supply Paper 840, pages 437-439 of 

Water-Supply Paper 845 and on pages 647-648 of Water-Supply F-per 886.

92
TENKBSSEE 93

In 1940, a large Industrial plant was constructed about 1 mile west 

of Mllllngton and about 12 miles north of the city limits of Memphis. 

The water supply for the plant is taken from wells in both tl « shallow 

and deep water-bearing beds. It is planned to pump a quantity of water 

which may eventually nearly equal the quantity pumped for public supply.

In July 1940, the Memphis Division of Gas, Light and Water Commissioners, under the direction of C. M. McCord, Director of the water 

Division, began a program of test drilling of wells for observation 

purposes. The city is having no difficulty in obtaining the quantity of 

water necessary for public supply, but it was felt desirable to set up a 

series of observation wells to check the fluctuations and the general 

trend of the water level in the shallow water-bearing beds. Many wells 

have been drilled for air-conditioning purposes near the center of the 

city and It Is believed that pumpage from wells In this area has rapidly 

increased during the last few years.

In August 1940, an investigation of ground-water levels and pumpage 

was begun by the Federal Geological Survey In cooperation with the Memphis 

Board of Gas, Light, and Water Commissioners. The work Is being done by 

P. H. Klaer, Jr., of the Geological Survey, under the general supervision 

of 0. B. Meinzer, geologist In charge of the Division of Ground Water. 

During the last half of 1940, four test wells were drilled b7 the city of 

Memphis and were equipped with automatic water-stage-recorders. In addition, automatic water-stage recorders were installed on well 17, which 

is 522 feet deep, and on well 32, which is 1,360 feet deep, both in the 

Parkway system. Measurements of water level In the six wells are included 

In this report.

During 1940, automatic water-stage recorders were maintained more or 

less irregularly throughout the year on two wells and during the last 

three months on six other wells for shorter periods. The water levels In 

the Central Avenue well and the Sycamore Avenue well were measured, and 

automatic water-stage recorders were maintained by J. L. Patterson and 

J. D. Pipkin under the direction of J. L. Saunders, district engineer of 

the Geological Survey at Port Smith, Arkansas, from January 1 to September 1, 1940. On December 31, 1940, water-stage recorders were in operation 

on eight wells. During the year, about 250 measurements of water levels

418675 O - 42 - 7
1932

120

118

116

112

110

108

106

Figure 7. Graph showing fluctuations of 

Memphis, Term., 19
TENNESSEE 95

were made by P. T. Schaefer, J. L. Patterson, J. D. Pipkin, D. G. Thompson, 

P. H. Klaer, Jr., of the Geological Survey, and A. J. Rumley and Tlif. 0. 

Haney, of the Memphis Water Division.

The ground-water resources of the Memphis area have been described 

in detail in Water-Supply Paper 638-A, "A preliminary report on the artesian water supply of Memphis, Tennessee", and in Water-Supply Paper 656, 

11 Ground-water resources of western Tennessee" .

The records of fluctuations of water levels during 1940 in the Memphis 

area are not complete and the period of record of measurements in observation wells established in 1940 is not long enough to show any significant 

trend. A study of the 8-year record of water-level measurements in the 

Central Avenue well shows, however, an apparent decline of about 16 feet 

for the 8-year period.

The Central Avenue well is in an area from which only small quantities 

of water are pumped and the water level in it is affected only in a general 

way by total pumpage from the Memphis area. The lowest level reached during 1940 was nearly 4 feet lower than the lowest level reached in 1939, 

and nearly 13 feet lower than the lowest level reached in 1933 (see accompanying illustration). The water level has declined more or less continuously since 1932, with the exception of 1935. The somewhat greater decline 

during 1940 may be due to the fact that the rise in water level during the 

winter and spring of 1940 was unusually small and that pumpage diring 1940 

was greater than during previous years.

The water level in the Sycamore Avenue well probably reached its 

highest level for 1940 in April and its lowest level for the year in 

September. The lowest level in September 1940 was slightly more than 

2 feet lower than the lowest level reached during 1939, and nearly 4 feet 

lower than the lowest level reached during 1938.

The water levels in wells 17 and 32 are affected by pumping from 

nearby wells. Fluctuations of water level in well 17 are caused by pumping from the well of the Sears Roebuck Company, about 300 feet southwest 

of the well. The water level is also affected by the total pumpage from 

wells in the shallow water-bearing beds. The water level in we21 32 is 

apparently affected chiefly by the total pumpage from the deep wells 

rather than by the pumpage from any one well.
96 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

The records of water level in the 4 test wells situated rrdially 

around the city about 5 miles fr"om the centers of heavy pumpage are too 

short to show any significant trend in water level. Small fluctuations 

in water level due to changes in atmospheric pressure have been noted. 

Also in some of the wells there have been gradual changes amounting to 

several feet. However, the record is not yet long enough to show 

whether these large fluctuations are due to changes in pumpage, precipitation, or other causes.

The records of water level in the following tables are given as 

height of water level in feet above an assumed datum, which is 100 feet 

below the measuring point of each well for which measurements of water 

level were started during 1940. Because the water level at times during 

1940 was below the assumed datum in the Central Avenue and Sycamore Avenue 

wells, these data were lowered 100 feet. All previous published measurements in Water-Supply Papers 817, 840, 845, and 886 may be corrected to 

the new data by adding 100. The new altitudes with respect to sea level 

of the data for the Central and Sycamore Avenue wells are givei in tiie 

table of water-level measurements.

The lowest level reached each day, as determined from recorder charts, 

is published.

Central Avenue well. Assumed datum lowered 100 feet. Ne"» datum 

185.00 feet below measuring point and 106.20 feet above mean Qrlf datum.

Lowest daily water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

Jan.

104.96

104.96

104.96

104.96

104.96

104.82

104.75

104.80

104.62

104.46

104.37

104.34

104.20

104.22

104.20

104.08

104.08

104.02

103 .82

103.77

103.84

103.72

Feb.

103.40

103.47

103.53

103.76

104.04

104.05

103.84

103.77

103.84

103.69

103.69

103.95

103.74

103.47

103.46

103,54

103.64

103.95

104.01

103.89

103.90

103.89

,Mar.

103 . 49

103.53

103.58

103.73

103.64

103.53

103.38

103.33

103*40

103.58

103.86

104.13

104.16

104.13

104.10

104.13

104.13

104.13

103.92

103.78

103.66

103.58

Apr.

104.20

104.13

103.93

103.65

103.45

103.45

103.75

104.20

104.15

104.20

104.19

103.96

104.08

104.33

104.55

104.32

104.06

103.96

103.88

103.80

103.94

104.04

May

104.06

104.04

103.95

103.96

104.10

104.15

104.19

104.11

103.85

103.82

103.69

103.71

103.82

103.78

103.42

103.12

102.92

102.97

103.04

103.18

103.42

103.70

June

102.87

102.89

103.09

103.00

102.86

102.85

102.85

102.85

102.85

102.97

102.86

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

a Recorder not operating or record indeterminate.
TENNESSEE 97

Central Avenue well. Continued.

Lowest dally water level, In feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan.

103.78

103.51

103.43

103.43

103,45

103.61

103.81

103.65

103.59

Lowest daily

July

S a i

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

102.86

103.27

104.05

104.50

104.60

104.13

103.40

103.11

103.08

102.91

102.85

(a)

(a)

(a)

(ft)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a) (a-)

(a)

(a)

(a)

Feb.

103.95

103 .90

103.96

104.14

104.03

103.76

103.66

water level,

_ifrom

Aug.

! a l

(a)

(a)

H(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

99.46

99.55

99.86

100.04

99.72

99.64

99.61

99.56

99.57

99.70

99.73

99.84

99.67

99.61

99.61

99.95

100.85

100.62

100.15

99.96

99.83

99.94

Mar.

103.60

103.70

103.92

104.20

104.20

104.10

104.10

104.10

104.10

In feet

recorder

Sept.

100.04

100.50

101.19

100.79

100.46

100.32

100.30

100.65

101.50

100.89

100.52

100.35

100.32

100.30

100,33

100.56

100.39

(a)

(a)

99.38

99.27

99.27

99.35

99.43

99.16

99.14

99.25

99.35

99.73

99.35

Apr.

103.82

103.64

103.50

103.40

103.55

103.88

104.08

104.18

May

103.38

103.40

103.45

103.39

103.35

103,24

103.08

102.89

102.86

above an assumed daturi,

charts )

Oct.

100.72

100.55

100.10

96.96

96.97

100.05

100.13

100.00

99.74

99.66

99.66

99.79

99.97

99.99

99.85

99.88

100.00

99.90

100.00

99.85

99.72

99.80

99.80

99.95

99.77

99.68

99.73

99.78

99.72

99.71

99.82

Sycamore Avenue well. Assumed datum lowered 100

142 .00 feet below measuring point and 87.76 feet above

Lowest dally water level, In feet

( from recorder

Nov.

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

99.65

99.50

99.45

99.48

99.70

100.18

100.12

99.84

99.60

99.52

99.60

99.76

99.60

99.46

99.34

99.35

99.38

99.48

99.63

100.00

99.76

99.37

99.35

99.50

99.76

feet . New

mean G rlf

above an assumed datu-n.

charts)

June

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

1940

Dec.

99.88

99.80

99.54

99.48

99.41

99.45

99.73

99.51

99.51

99.56

99.51

99.39

99.40

99.67

99.49

99.50

99.85

99.62

99.31

99.26

99.26

99.50

100.00

100.00

100.50

101.50

101.63

101.44

101.26

100.84

100.58

datum,

datum.

1940

Day Jan. Feb, Mar. Apr. May June

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

106.53

106.53

106.37

106.22

106.06

105.95

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a) ! a !

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

110.20

109.14

108.38

108.15

107.77

107.77

104.88

105.05

105.67

105.00

104.09

103.12

102.52

102.42

102.42

103.17

103.00

102.67

a Recorder not operating or record Indeterminate.
98 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Sycamore Avenue well. Continued.

Lowest daily water level, In feet above an assumed datun, 1940

(from recorder charts)

Day

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

S2

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan.

106.07

106.05

106.11

106.21

105.68

105.57

104.41

104.20

104.20

104.31

104.43

104.19

104.05

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

( \<*l a] 

(a)

Lowest daily

July

100.95

101.21

101.04

101.04

101.46

101.80

102.12

103.04

103.48

102.85

102.28

101.84

101.80

101.80

102.34

102.24

101.82

101.52

101.28

101.28

101.33

101.92

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

Feb.

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

water level,

Aug.

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

97.90

97.90

98.72

98.88

98.58

98.29

98.00

97.82

97.82

98.36

98.85

99.01

99.10

99.30

99.25

99.25

99.81 b

99.72

99.59

99.28

98.97

98.97

a Recorder not operating

Mar.

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

107.02

106.82

106.78

106.87

107.24

107.10

106.85

106.67

( \ it] «*/

in feet

Apr.'

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

M(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

( \a) & >

May

107.97

106.83

105.79

105.47

104.97

104.40

104.40

104.92

104.72

104.32

101.10

104.10'

104.39

104.56

104.94

105.28

104.90

104.71

104.71

above an assumed datun,

(from recorder charts)

Sept.

99.01

99.53

99.74

99.83

99.63

99.31

99.22

99.22

99.81

99.66

99.66

100.03

100.52

100.89

100.92

101.35

100.96

99.46

99.88

99.18

98.68

98.67

98.89

98.70

98.68

99.03

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a) v « /

or record

Oct.

(a)

b 101.12

b 101.10

b 100.86 b

b 100.59

(a) b

b 100.92

b 100.94

l> 100.93

(a)

b 101.25

(a) b

(a) b

b 101.83

(a)

(a)

b 102.12

b 102.14

b 102.00 b (a)'

b 102.23

(a)

b 101.97

(a)

b 101.73

(a)

(a)

(a)

b 101.26

(a)

(a)

Indeterminate .

Nov.

(a)

(a)

(a)

103.02

(a)

102.85

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

103.51

103.46

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

103.20

(a)

102.66

102.54

102.45

102.44

102.52

102.92

102.70

102.64

102.65

102,87

June

102.49

102.43

102.19

102.15

102.56

102.67

102.32

101.86

101.27

101.07

101.07

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

100.22

100.22

1940

Dec.

102.94

103.08

103.29

103 .32

103.24

103.24

103.32

103.40

103.72

103.70

103.44

103.14

102.98

102.96

102.96

103.15

103.23

103.28

103.19

103.08

103.07

103.07

103.22

103.43

103.06

102.92

103.27

103.47

103.53

b Tape measurement.
TENNESSEE

17. City of Memphis. North Parkway, at end of North Garland Street, 

Memphis. Drilled well, diameter 8 inches, depth 522 feet. T<=>11 ends in 

500-foot sand. Shallow well of Parkway system. Measuring print, top of 

12-Inch flange, 1.4 feet below top of wood floor over concrete well pit, 

5 feet above land surface and 100.00 feet above assumed datuir. Water 

level, Dec. 23, 1940 71.09 feet below measuring point. Automatic waterstage recorder installed Aug. 26, 1940.

Lowest daily water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Date

Aug. 26

27

28

29

30

31

Sept. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

Water 

level

25.15

22.34

20.42

22.78

23.73

23.20

24.52

27.40

27.92

25.09

24.70

24.74

24.65

27.57

26.04

24.21

25.79

27.15

26.62

25.27

26.62

25.77

23.85

22.80

19.70

19.06

20.50

22.18

22.33

24.65

25.56

Date

Sept. 27

28

29

30

Oct. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

Water 

level

25.72

26.36

27.03

28.79

28.00

27.40

26.85

26.72

25.44

26.80

26.43

26.02

25.92

25.98

25.99

24.18

25.43

27.40

26.80

27.60

27.72

25.20

24.40

24.37

OK r>Q CfV « JO«7

25.58

25.51

26.25

25.60

24.11

25.70

26.23

Date

Oct. 29

30

31

Nov. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

00 CfCf

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

Water 

level

24.72

26.89

28.79

29.82

29.82

29.62

28.93

27.90

27.70

27.82

28.07

27.80

28.27

29.62

28.00

27.70

27.20

27.00

27.19

27.20

27.46

25.80

25.80

25.60

26.75

27.13

27.53

29.27

26.78

25.92

25.82

26.30

Date

Nov. 30

Dec. 1

22

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

PA&TX

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Water 

level

25.77

27.38

27.50

26.59

27.50

27.98

28.44

28.90

29.00

28.98

27.30

26.94

27.40

27.64

28.22

28.50

28.22

27.95

26.63

26.12

26.00

27.90

28.28

28.90

28.91

29.37

31.60

31.10

31.09

31.10

29.00

28.27

32. City of Memphis. North Evergreen Street at Louisville and 

Nashville Railroad. Drilled well, diameter 8 inches, depth 1,360 feet. 

Well ends in 1,400-foot sand. Deep well of Parkway system. Measuring 

point, top of 10-inch casing 1.5 foot above land surface and1 100.00 feet 

above assumed datum. Water level, Dec. 23, 1940, 39.99 feet below measuring point. Automatic water-stage recorder installed Sept. 2f, 1940. 

Lowest dally water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Sept. 26

27

28

29

30

Oct. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

56.96

57.25

57.40

57.56

57.70

57.90

58.00

58.12

58.12

58.44

58.66

58.93

59.13

59.17

59.06

Oct. 11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

58.30

58.09

57.94

57.91

57.72

57.3,0

57.28

57.40

57.39

57.28

57.40

57.28

57.15

57.15

57.16

Oct. 26

.27

28

29

30

31

Nov. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

57.26

57.51

57.46

57.10

57.27

57.52

57.23

57.20

57.36

57.40

57.87

58.23

57.87

57.70

57.71

Nov. 10

11

12

13

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

61.22

62.28

62.18

(a)

60.10

62.24

62.10

62.01

62.00

61.93

61.93

61.94

61.89

62.03

62.24

a Recorder not operating or record Indeterminate.
100 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

32. City of Memphis. Continued.

Lowest daily water level, In feet above an assumed datum, 

(from recorder charts)

1940

Date

Nov. 30

Dec. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Water 

level

58.48

58.28

58.54

61.66

58.28

57.36

57.13

56.94

Date

Dec. 8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

Water 

level

57.50

58.19

58.33

59.68

59.94

59.94

59.89

59.89

Date

Dec. 16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

Water 

level

60.37

60.28

60.15

59.86

59.42

59.78

59.24

60.02

Date

Dec. 24

25

26

27

f3

£9

ro

Fl

Water 

level

58.62

58.51

58.86

62.10

62.62

63.04

61.28

60.38

T-l. City of Memphis. 0. K. Robertson Road, 2.24 miles rorth from 

Memphis on U. S. Highway 51 and 0.36 mile north from U. S. HiglTOy 51. 

Drilled test well, diameter Q Inches, depth 434 feet. Measurirg point, 

top of 6-lnch coupling, 0.3 foot above top of earth mound arourd well, 

about "4.5 above general land surface and 100.00 feet above assx~med datum. 

Water level Dec. 23, 1940, 22.28 feet below measuring point. Automatic 

water-stage recorder installed Sept. 25, 1940.

Lowest daily water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Sept. 8

9

10

11

12

13

14

25

26

27

28

29

30

Oc.t. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

a78.90

a78.95

a79.l7

a79.15

a79.05

a78.98

a78.95

b78.60

78.50

78.42

78.32

78.26

78.27

78.34

78.34

78.35

78.33

78.28

78.26

78.29

78.30

78.25

78.19

78.15

78.11

78.07

78.09

Oct. 15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Nov. 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

78.12

78.13

 78.09

78.06

78.12

78.07

78.05

78.03

78.02

78.02

78.00

77.95

77.93

77.96

78.00

78.00

78.01

77.90

77.87

77.87

77.92

77.99

77.95

77.93

77.90

77.94

Nov. 10

11

12

13

14

15

1617 '

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

Dec. 1

2

3

4

5

78.04

78.89

77.96

77.84

77.82

77.82

77.86

77.82

77.80

77.80

77.80

77.82

77.76

77.73

77.68

77.72

77.71

77.61

77.61

77.65

77.70

77.61

77.61

77.67

77.74

77.76

Dec. 6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

3.4

15

3.6

17

3.8

3.9

PO

P.I

22

( O

24

25

26

P.7

28

29

30

?1

77.77

77.89

77.91

77.95

77.96

77.96

77.92

77.81

77.75

77.75

77.76

77.74

77.72

77.74

77.71

77.69

77.71

77.72

77.76

77.82

77.92

78.02

78.16

78.07

78.03

78.04

T-2. City of Memphis. Schlebler Road, 1.7 miles northeast from 

Raleigh and 1.4 miles northwest from Bartlett. Drilled test well, diameter 

6 Inches, depth 344 feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch coupling, 2 feet 

above land surface and 100.00 feet above assumed datum. Water level, 

Dec. 23, 1940, 70.19 feet below measuring point. Automatic water-stage 

recorder Installed Sept. 27, 1940.

Lowest daily water level, in feet above an assumed datun, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Sept. 27

28

29

30

Oct. 1

2

3

4

5

30.66

30.64

30.60

30.59

30.57

30.57

30.56

30.56

30.54

Oct. 6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

30.53

30.52

30.51

30.51

30.50

30.49

30.47

30.45

30.44

Oct. 15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

30.43

30.42

30.41

30.40

30.40

30.39

30.38

30.37

30.35

Oct. 24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Nov. 1

30.34

30.34

30.32

30.31

30.30

30.29

30.28

30.28

30.27

Tape measurement. 

Recorder Installed.
TENNESSEE 101

T-2. City of Memphis. Continued.

Lowest daily water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Date

Nov. 2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Water 

level

30.24

30.23

30.21

30.20

30.18

30.17

30.16

30.15

30.15

30.15

30.14

30.14

Date

Nov. 14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

Water 

level

30.13

30,12

30.10

30.09

30.09

30.07

30.05

30.05

30.04

30.03

30.02

30.01

Date

Nov. 26

27

28

29

30

Dec. 1

2

3

4

5

6

Water 

level

30.00

29.98

29.97

29.96

29.95

29.94

29.92

29.91

29.91

29.94

29.89

Date

Dec. 7

8

9

10

11

13

17

19

21

23

30

Water 

level

29.85

29.85

29.86

29.86

29.86

29.85

29.84

29.83

29.83

29.81

29.93

T-3. City of Memphis. Macon Road, 0.6 mile east from TaleighLa Orange Road and 6.7 miles east from Memphis. Drilled test well, diameter 6 inches, depth 383.5 feet. Measuring point, top of 6-inch coupling, 

2 feet above land surface and 100.00 feet above assumed datun. Water level, 

Dec. 23, 1940, 76.69 feet below measuring point. Automatic water-stage 

recorder installed Oct. 28, 1940.

Lowest daily water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Oct. 28

30

Nov. 4

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

a23.21

a23.19

a23.10

23.05

23.05

23.04

23.06

23.22

23.14

23.05

23.02

23.01

23.02

23.07

23.14

Nov. 18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

Dec. 1

2

23.10

23.10

23.11

23.14

23.13

23.12

23.13

23.13

23.18

23.01

23.00

23.06

23.13

23.02

23.00

Dec. 3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

23.00

23.04

23.06

23.06

23.14

23.11

23.13

23.11

23.11

23.14

23.08

23.07

23.08

23.12

23.08

Dec. 18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

23.09

23.18

23.23

23.24

23.24

23.30

23.34

23.38

23.47

23.48

23.43

23.30

23.17

23.17

T-4. City of Memphis. Mount Moriah Road and Roberson Lane, 5.3 

miles east from municipal airport and 4.3 miles southeast from Memphis. 

Drilled test well, diameter 6-inches, depth 578 feet. Measuring point, 

top of 6-inch coupling, 2 feet above land surface and 100.00 feet above 

assumed datum. Water level Dec. 23, 1940, 80.26 feet below measuring 

point.

Water level, in feet above an assumed datum, 1940

Dec. 10 

11

19.68 

19.66

Dec. 18 

20

19.79 

19.75

Dec. 23

30

19.74 

20.00

Dec. 31 19.98

a Tape measurement.
VIRGINIA

NORTHERN VIRGINIA 

By V. C. Plshel

The observation-well program In northern Virginia (aee Water-Supply 

Papers 777, 817, 840, 845, and 886) was continued In 1940. Water-stage 

recorders were maintained on the Bacon, Ross, Swart Stream, Sw«rt 5, and 

Swart 162 wells, and measurements were made about weekly In th«* other 

wells. About 700 Individual measurements of water level were made during 

1940.

The fluctuations of water levels in the Bacon, Glendale Farm, 

Halls Hill School, and Ross wells for the period of record are shown In 

the accompanying Illustration. The water levels are expressed In heights 

above assumed datum planes. The depth to water level can be obtained by 

subtracting the height of the water level from the altitude of the measuring point above the arbitrary datum plane. The altitude of th<* measuring 

point above the datum plane for the Bacon, Glendale Farm, Halls Hill 

School, and Ross wells Is given In the following tables.

In 1925, 1926, and 1927 the precipitation at the station of the 

United States Weather Bureau at Washington, D. 0., was below normal, and 

by June 1928 the accumulated deficiency was about 20 Inches. On the 

basis of this deficiency and the higher average water levels iraintained 

during subsequent years of more normal precipitation, It is believed that 

the water levels In northern Virginia had a net decline during these years 

and stood at relatively low stages In June 1938, when observations on the 

Ross well began. In 1930 the precipitation was the lowest of record and 

the accumulated deficiency for the period January 1, 1925, to March 1931 

reached about 45 Inches.

The trend of the water level In the Ross well from June 1928 to 

March 1931 was generally downward except for moderate seasonal fluctuations. The water level declined continuously from the spring of 1930 

until March 1931, when It rose slightly. The summer of 1931 w«is favorable for replenishment of the ground-water reservoir, and there was a 

small net rise of the water-level. By January 1932 the water level In 

the Ross well stood somewhat more than a foot higher than at the low 

stage In March 1931.

102
1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 

Halls Hill Sch

Figure 8. Graphs showing fluctuations of water level 

near Washington, D
104 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Observations were started on the Bacon well in August. 193]. and 'on 

the Halls Hill School well in October 1931, when the water levels were 

doubtless still at low stages. More nearly normal precipitation during 

1932 caused considerable recharge and the water levels rose in all three 

wells. Abundant precipitation in the first part of 1933 and heavy recharge raised the water levels notably. By the end of May 193? the water 

level in the Bacon well had risen about 12 feet above the low level of 

the fall of 1931, and had reached the highest stage on record; the water 

level in the Ross well had risen about 9.5 feet above the low level of the 

spring of 1931 and also had reached the highest stage on re core1 ; and the 

water level in the Halls Hill School well had risen more than 1.4 feet 

above its low level of 1931. The excess precipitation of about 12 .inches 

during 1932 and 1933 apparently caused complete recovery of the water 

levels from the low levels of 1930 and 1931.

Prom the middle of 1933 to the spring of 1935, there were large 

seasonal fluctuations of water level in all the wells. During the spring 

of 1935 the water levels rose from 3 to 5 feet and the water level in 

the Halls Hill School well reached the highest stage of record. However, 

declines of 6 to 7 feet occurred during the summer.

Appreciable rlees of water level occurred in the wells in the spring 

of 1936, but a deficiency in precipitation of about 7 inches from May to 

October caused the water levels to decline to stages of 1 to 2 feet below 

the lowest stages of 1935. In December 1936 the water levels In all 

three wells were at their lowest stages since the recovery from the 

drought of 1930. The water levels in the Bacon and Halls Hill School 

wells still stood about 6 and 8 feet respectively above the lor levels of 

1931, but the water level in the Ross well was only 1.5 feet atove its 

corresponding low level.

Observations on the water level in the Qlendale Fara well were begun in October 1935. The water level rose about 4.5 feet durir$ November 

due to recharge from heavy precipitation. It declined about 2 feet during 

the last week of November. There was considerable recharge to the underground reservoir in the spring of 1936, but the low precipitation during 

the summer caused the water level to decline more than 5 feet.
VIRGINIA. 105

At the beginning of 1937 water levels were relatively low. Comparatively heavy rains In January totaling 7.83 Inches caused rises of water 

level In the observation wells ranging from 2 to 4 feet. Ti i water levels 

continued at high stages throughout the early part of Februrry even 

though precipitation during this month was small. A rise of about 2 feet 

In April was caused by 6.85 Inches of rain, most of which crrae during the 

last week of the month. From May until October, the water Levels In most 

of the wells declined, the declines ranging from about 3 to 4.5 feet. 

There was 5.23 Inches of rain In June and 6.70 Inches In August. A rain 

of 4.71 Inches during the last week of August caused some r5.se of water 

level In all the wells, but the rise was brief and the seasonal decline 

was soon resumed. Heavy rains In October totaled 8.81 inches and the 

water levels rose from 1.5 to 3 feet. Throughout November the water levels 

remained at about the same stages, and during December they declined an 

average of about 1 foot.

The year 1938 was one of unusually low water levels in northern 

Virginia. The precipitation in each of the first 6 months of 1938 was 

below normal. As a result, recharge to the underground reservoirs was 

small, and the usual seasonal decline in water levels began early in the 

year. The long downward trend of the water levels during tire summer and 

fall of 1938 was finally terminated by the combined effects of a rain of 

0.79 inch on November 19, a rain of 0.77 inch on November 24, and the 

slow melting of 7 inches of snow that fell on November 25. The water 

levels declined an average of about 4,5 feet during the svumrer and fall 

of 1938 and they had an average net decline of 2.9 feet in the year.

The precipitation was 1.95 inches above normal for the first 4 months 

of 1939 but subsequent low precipitation during the summer resulted in a 

deficit of 1.62 Inches for the year. The high precipitatior in January 

and February caused the water level In the Bacon well to rirg 3.90 feet 

by March 6. The water level changed very little during March and April 

and was only 0.05 foot lower on May 1 than on March 6. It c'eclined 4.31 

feet by November 1, rose 1.46 feet during November and then declined 

0.71 foot during December. The water level In the Glendale Farm well 

rose 6.80 feet by February 5, but declined 0.07 foot by February 12 and 

4.33 feet more by February 19. The downward trend continued until about
106 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

October 8, at which time the water level reached the lowest stage on 

record. The water levels In the Halls Hill School and Ross wells rose 

about 5.5 feet and 3.8 feet respectively during the spring. They then 

declined, with the exception of minor rises In October and December, for 

the remainder of the year. The water level in the Halls Hill School 

well had a net rise of 0.16 foot in the year, whereas the water level In 

the Ross well had a net decline of 0.49 foot.

The precipitation at Washington In 1940 was only very little below 

normal and was well distributed. The maximum accumulated deficiency at 

any time was never more than 4 inches. The water levels declined slightly 

during January and the first part of February. Abundant precipitation 

during February, March, and April caused the water levels in the Bacon, 

Halls Hill School, and Ross wells to rise an average of 4.5 feet by June. 

The water level in the Glendale Farm well rose about 10 feet during the 

same period. The water level In the Bacon well then declined about 6 feet 

by the middle of November at which time the downward trend was stopped 

by the heavy precipitation. It recovered about 1.5 feet by December 31. 

The water level In the' Glendale Farm well had a downward trend from May 

to November, but summer rains produced a number of small rises. The 

water level in the well rose about 2 feet during November and December. 

The water levels In the Halls Hill and Ross wells declined gradually fcn 

average of about 4 feet from June to November. The heavy precipitation 

In November halted the downward trend but produced practically no rise.

The water levels In the Bacon and Ross wells had an average rise of 

0.20 foot In 1940 whereas the water level in the Halls Hill School well 

declined 0.15 foot. The water level in the Glendale Farm well had a net 

rise of 1,81 feet In 1940.

Precipitation and departure from normal precipitation, in inches, 

at Washington, D. C., In 1940,

M«T,<-^ Recorded 

Month precipitation

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

2.12

2.77

3.42

6.19

3.10

.86

5.73

5.00

1.34

2.15

5.26

2.27

Normal 

precipitation

3.55

3,37

3.75

3.27

3.70

4.13

4.71

4.01

3.24

2.84

2.37

3.32

Departure Accumulated defrom normal parture from normal

-1,43

- .60

- .33

+2.92

- .60

-3.27

+1.02

+ .99

-1.90

- .69

+ 2.89

-1.05

-1.43

-2.03

-2.36

+ .56

- .04

-3.31

-2.29

-1.30

-3.20

-3.89

-1.00

-2.05

Year 40.21 42.26 -2.05 -2.05
VIRGINIA 107

Arlington County

Halls Hill School well. Height of measuring point above datum planes, 

44.80 feet since beginning of observations.

1940

Date

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

4

11

18

25

Water 

level

27.15

27.33

27.42

27.49

27.62

27.62

27.54

27.03

26.81

26.27

25.98

25.53

25.28

Date

Apr.

May

June

1

8

15

22

29

6

13

20

27

3

10

17

24

Water 

level

25.10

24.98

24.63

24.08

23.71

23.41

23.13

23.08

23.04

23.09

23.16

23.40

23.32

Date

July

Aug.

Sept.

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

19

26

2

9

23

Water 

level

23.76

23.95

24.14

24.30

24.49

24.70

24.98

24.99

25.31

25.47

25.47

26.10

Date

Sept

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

.30

7

14

28

4

18

25

2

9

16

23

30

Water 

level

26.35

26.33

26.66

27.05

27.23

27.27

27.22

27.24

27.27

27.35

27.34

27.30

Ross well. Height of measuring point above datum plane, 35.60 feet 

from beginning of observations to June 22, 1936; 36.57 feet since June 22. 

1936.

Dally water level at 2:00 a.m., In feet below measuring point, 1940

__ ___ __ (from recorder charts)

Day Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1 26.54

2 .....

3 .....

4 .....

5 .....

6 .....

7 .....

8 .....

10 .....

11 .....

12 .....

13 .....

14 .....

15 26.62

16 .....

17 .....

18 .....

19 .....

20 .....

21 .....

22 26.56

23 26.57

24 26.54

25 26.55

26 26.56

27 26.56

28 26.56

29 26.58

30 26.64

31 26.64

26.66

26.64

26.66

26.67

26.67

26.64

26.62

26.65

26.66

26.65

26.59

26.62

26.57

26.51

26.50

26.49

26.45

26.41

26.32

26.25

26.15

26.05

25.96

25.89

25.80

25.78

25.47

25.39

25.30

25.22

25.18

25.16

25.16

25.17

25.15

25.13

25.06

24.99

24.87

24.72

24.60

24.62

24.62

24.51

24.56

24.60

24.55

24.58

24.56

24.52

24.56

24.50

24.52

24.55 22,

24.60 22,

24.53 22,

24.51 22,

24.61 22

24.63 22,

24.61 22

24.59 22

24.46 22

24.43 22

24.32 22

24.16 22

24.09 22

24.02 22

23.97 22

23.91 22

23.92 22

23.82 22

23.78 22

23.57 22

23.08 22

22.73 22

22.64 22

22.48 22

22.54 22

22.52 22

22.53 22

22.58 22

22.53 23

22.45 23

..... 22

37 23.05

40 23.13

36 23.16

43 23.20

59 23.18

61 23.18

49 23.22

57 23.25

50 23.27

60 23.33

59 23.36

68 23.35

,63 23.36

64 23.41

71 23.40

76 23.49

76 23.60

.84 23.60

.84 23.52

.83 23.56

.91 23.71

.89 23.75

.84 23.69

.87 23.57

.85 23.66

.93 23.75

.98 23.85

.99 23-.90

.02 23.82

.11 23.98

.93 .....

23.98 24. 

24.04 24; 

24.07 24. 

24.03 24.

24.10 24.

24.11 24.

24.12 ...

24.10 ...

24.11 ...

24.13 ...

24.14 ...

24.14 24.

24.23 24.

24.28 24.

24.28 24.

24.27 24.

24.34 24.

24.39 25.

24.42 25.

24.41 25.

24.43 25.

24.47 25.

24.46 25.

24.45 25.

24.43 25.

24.47 25.

24.50 25.

24.55 25.

24.59 25.

24.60 25.

24.59 25.

63 25.29

71 25.32

74 25.36

74 25.38

75 25.39

75 25.41

.. 25.42

.. 25.43

.. 25.40

.. 25.43

.. 25.48

95 25.52

94 25.54

92 25.56

96 25.57

99 25.59

99 25.61

02 25.65

02 25.66

09 25.67

13 25.68

14 25.70

16 25.73

19 25.74

22 25.74

19 25.76

23 25.78

23 25.80

27 25.86

,30 25.88

30 .....

25.97 

25.95 

25.9? 

26.0?- 

26.03 

26.05 

26.07 

26.0? 

26.0?

26.13

26.14

26.15 

26. IP

26.19

26.20 

26.2:. 

26.25 

26.2?

26.29

26.30

26.30

26.31.

26.32

26.35

26.36

26.36

26.36

26.37

26.39

26.39

26.39

26.41

26.43

26.46

26.47

26.49

26.50

26.52

26.51

26.48

26.45

26.40

26.38

26.38

26.36

26.34

26.34

26.34

26.35

26.36

26.39

26.35

26.35

26.32

26.32

26.29

26.32

26.30

26.30

26.29

26.32

26.31

26.31

26.33

26.34

26.36

26.38

26.38

26.41

26.42

26.42

26.40

26.46

26.49

26.49

26.50

26.49

26.47

26.43

26.43

26.44

26.44

26.45

26.46
108 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Fairfax County

Bacon well. Height of measuring point above datum plane, 33.60 feet 

from the beginning of observations to June 18, 1936; 35.52 feet since 

June 18, 1936.

Daily water level at 2:00 a.m., in feet below measuring poirt, 1940

_____________________(from recorder charts)____________________

Day Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1 18.78

2 18.81

3 18.85

4 18.88

5 18.90

6 18.91

7 18.96

8 18.97

9 18.98

10 19.03

11 19.04

12 19.04

13 19.05

14 19.07

15 18.97

16 18.87

17 18.85

18 18.84

19 18.85

20 18.87

21 18.87

22 18.88

23 18.88

24 18.86

25 18.87

26 18.88

27 18.89

28 18.89

29 18.89

30 19.03

31 19.03

19.00

19.00

18.98

18.97

18.96

19.03

19.01

19.01

18.99

18.96

18.87

18.87

18.82

18.80

18.75

18.75

18.71

18.67

18.58

18.26

18.06

18.00

17.95

17.91

17.84

17.80

17.78

17.72

17.73

17.75

17.77

17.74

17.58

17.28

17.15

17.08

17.03

17.04

17.03

17.05

17.07

17.08

17.08

16.99

16.79

16.70

16.65

16.58

16.60

16.60

16.59

16.61

16.64

16.65

16.66

16.67

16.65

16.69

16.68

16.63

16.67

16.72

16.73

16.69

16.69

16.77

16.78

16.77

16.31

16.01

15.96

15.89

15.87

15.82

15.81

15.79

15.78

15.66

15.55

13.96

14.06

14.19

14.27

14.37

14.43

14.47

14.50

14.50

14.53

14.53

14.59

14.69

14.73

14.69

14.75

14.75

14.80

14.83

14.88

14.90

14.88

14.94

14.99

14.98

15.04

15.07

15.09

15.10

15.07

15.07

15.10

15.10

15.15

15.19

15.22

15.25

15.32

15.28

15.33

15.38

15.44

15.47

15.51

15.54

15.58

15.62

15.66

15.70

15.77

15.80

15.83

15.88

15.92

15.97

16.04

16.06

16.05

16.09

16.19

16.24

16.26

16.26

16.30

16.38

16.45

16.52

16.54

16.63

16.68

16.73

16.78

16.78

16.77

16.83

16.87

16.90

16.93

16.97

17.00

17.04

17.10

17.15

17.18

17.21

17.26

17.30

17.35

17.39

17.43

17.48

17.50

17.53

17.56

17.61

17.65

17.70

17.75

17.80

17.83

17.88

17.95

18.00

18.03

18.05

18.09

18.12

18.17

18.21

18.26

18.31

18.33

18.36

18.39

18.42

18.45

18.47

18.50

18.51

18.55

18.60

18.65

18.68

18.72

18.76

18.78

18.79

18.80

18.83

18.86

18.87

18.88

18.89

18.93

18.97

19.00

19.03

19.05

19.08

19.08

19.10

19.13

19.17

19.20

19.23

19.26

19.27

19.30

19.33

19.36

19.38

19.41

19.44

19.46

19.49

19.51

19.52

19.55

19.57

19.59

19.61

19.62

19.63

19.63

19.64

19.67

19.69

19.71

19.71

19.72

19.75

19.76

19.77

19.78

19.80

19.82

19.83

19.85

19.86

19.88

19.89

19.90

19.92

19.93

19.94

19.95

19.96

19.97

19.98

19.99

20.00

20.00

20.02

20.03

19.96

19.90

19.91

19.92

19.93

19.96

19.97

20.00

20.05

20.05

20.05

20.03

19.84

19.60

19.25

19.25

19.27

19.27

19.25

19.24

19.23

19.23

19.19

19.19

19.05

18.94

18.88

18.83

18.79

18.78

18.77

18.77

18.73

18.73

18.72

18.70

18.70

18.70

18.70

18.71

18.69

18.69

18.71

18.70

18.66

18.66

18.66

18.63

18.60

18.59

18.58

18.60

18.59

18.56

18.55

18.50

18.45

18.41

18.41

Bell well.

Water level,.in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 

Feb. 

Mar.

1 

5 

4

Water 

level

6.53 

6.43 

2.81

Date

Apr. 2 

22 

May 17

Water 

level

3.72 

1.92 

3.30

Date

June 10 

23 

Aug. 31

Water 

level

4.77 

5.64 

10.05

Date

Oct. 28 

Nov. 25 

Dec. £>3

Water 

level

10.72 

6.50 

5.54

Jefferson School well.

1940

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

14

29

5

19

4

26.23

25.72

25.69

24.97

23.65

Mar.

Apr.

11

18

25

1

15

23.32

22.82

22.69

22.72

22.15

Apr.

June

July

Aug.

22

29

23

8

5

21.40

21.14

23.31

24.17

25.57

Sept

Oct.

Dec.

. 2

28

9

ro

26.34

26.93

25.01

24.65
VIRGINIA 109

Fairfax County Continued.

Swart Stream well.

Daily water level at 2:00 a.m., in feet above assumed datura, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan.

1.80

1.79

1.79

1.82

1.81

1.81

1.80

1.80

1.77

1.77

1.77

1.77

1.78

1.80

2.08

1.86

1.82

1.79

1.77

1.76

1.76

1.75

1.70

1.70

1.72

1.73

1.72

1.72

1.72

1.72

1.72

Feb.

1.72

1.72

1.72

1.72

1.71

1.70

1.85

1.81

1.77

1.78

1.88

1.77

1.76

1.75

1.85

1.80

1.79

1.78

2.57

1.90

1.91

1.77

1.74

1.73

1.72

1.71

1.78

1.78

1.80

....

....

Mar.

1.79

1.78

2.04

2.44

1.93

1.86

1.84

1.82

1.81

1.80

1.79

1.80

1.80

1.80

2.28

1.91

1.86

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.84

1.85

1.85

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.87

Apr.

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.84

1.84

2.27

1.98

1.95

1.91

1.99

1.97

1.94

2.06

1.99

1.98

1.93

4.94

2.09

1.94

1.87

1.86

1.85

1.84

1.83

1.83

T.83

1.83

....

May

1.82

1.82

1.83

1.83

1.83

1.83

1.85

1.84

1.83

1.82

1.82

1.81

1.82

1.80

1.79

1.79

1.82

1.82

1.81

1.80

2.22

1.87

1.86

1.86

1.85

1.85

1.85

1.92

1.77

1.74

1.73

June

1.73

1.72

1.70

1.69

1.69

1.69

1.76

1.73

1.72

1.71

1.67

1.66

1.65

1.65

1.64

1.64

1.63

1.67

1.67

1.65

1.64

1.63

1.63

1.63

1.62

1.60

1.62

1.62

1.62

1.62

....

July

1.62

1.60

1.59

....

....

....

....

1.60

1.60

1.60

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.59

1.65

1.60

1.58

1.57

1.56

1.56

1.58

1.61

1.58

1.57

1.56

1.56

1.55

1.54

1.54

Aug.

1.53

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.53

1.54

1.54

1.53

1.53

1.53

1.53

1.54

1.53

1.53

1.55

1.56

1.56

1.56

1.55

1.55

1.53

1.53

1.52

1.52

1.52

1.62

1.59

1.58

1.57

1.56

1.55

Sept.

1.65

1.66

1.55

1.55

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.51

1.51

1.51

1.51

1.51

1.51

1.51

1.52

1.53

1.53

1.53

1.53

1.53

1.53

1.52

1.53

1.54

1.56

1.55

1.54

1.54

1.49

....

Oct.

1.51

1.64

1.51

1.54

1.53

1.53

1.5*

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.54

1.54-

1.59 i.e1*

1.65

1.6<5

1.6<5

1.64

1.64

1.61

1.61

1.61

1.61

1.61

1.6?

1.6S

1.6S

1.67

1.60

Nov.

1.58

2.62

1.66

1.63

1.63

1.62

1.62

1.61

1.61

1.61

1.57

1.58

1.63

....

....

....

....

1.63

1.63

1.62

1.61

1.60

1.60

1.58

1.60

1.59

2.19

1.79

1.75

1.62

....

Dec.

1.62

1.62

1.61

1.59

1.59

1.60

1.61

1.62

1.58

1.58

1.58

1.57

1.57

1.57

1.60

1.61

1.74

1.69

1.67

1.67

1.66

1.65

1.61

1.60

1.60

1.60

1.66

1.68

1.73

1.70

1.66

Swart well 5.

Daily water level at 2:00 a.m., in feet above assumed datum, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Jan.

2.41

2.36

2.26

2.24

2.21

2.18

2.14

2.14

2.16

2.18

2.18

2.22

2.26

2.33

3.18

2.92

2.73

2.54

2.40

2.29

Feb.

2.09

2.10

2.09

2.10

2.13

2.17

2.41

2.84

2.89

2.92

3.07

2.87

2.80

2.75

3.02

2.88

2.78

2.70

....

3.19

Mar.

2.57

2.49

3.26

3.57

3.11

2.93

2.79

2.69

2.60

2.53

2.47

2.42

2.40

2.40

3.50

3.12

2.92

2.82

2.74

2.63

Apr.

2.59

....

«...

....

3.16

2.79

2.59

2.46

2.98

2.80

2.60

2.92

2.87

2.93

2.76

4.57

May

 *

* . * 

2.35

2.28

2.23

2.19

2.14

2.11

2.08

2.06

2.02

1.99

2.15

2.16

2.12

2.04

June

2.45

2.30

2.19

2.09

1.99

1.95

2.06

2.04

1.96

1.97

1.92

1.90

1.85

1.80

1.74

1..67

1.61

1.64

1.66

1.60

July

1.20

1.19

1.17

1.93

2.09

2.04

1.93

1.85

1.76

1.69

1.61

1.55

1.54

1.52

1.47

1.43

1.42

1.40

1.35

1.30

Aug.

1.08

1.05

1.04

1.03

1.00

1.00

1.00

.99

.97

.95

.93

.97

.95

.94

.98

1.04

1.07

1.10

1.10

1.08

Sept.

1.85

1.94

1.82

1.66

1.56

1.48

1.43

1.42

1.39

1.31

1.28

1.24

1.23

1.21

1.20

1.22

1.21

1.20

1.18

1.16

Oct.

1.44

1.55

2.07

§.00

1.9T

1.82

1.78

1.71

1.75

1.76

1.73

1.71

1.67

1.64

1.63

1.61

1.61

1.62

1.61

1.62

Nov.

1.89

1.93

1.67

1.43

1.35

1.27

1.17

1.11

2.06

2.02

1.98

1.99

2.38

3.04

3.40

2.90

2.66

2.49

2.37

2.35

Dec.

2.38

....

....

....

2.16

2.14

2.12

2.09

2.09

2.10

2.11

2.35

2.96

2.69

2.54

2.46

418675 O - 42 - 8
110 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Fairfax County Continued.

Swart well 5. Continued.

Daily water level at 2:00 a.m., In feet above assumed datuii, 1940 

(from recorder charts)

Day Jan. Feb. Mar.

21 2.21 3

22 2.14 2

23 2.08 2

24 2.08 2

25 2.06 2

26 2.06 2

27 2.08 2

28 2.08 2

29 w.08 2

30 2.12 .

31 2.10 .

.19 2

.97 2

.99 2

.69 2

.65 2

.56 2

.44 2

.43 2

.62 2

... 2

... 2

Water levels,

85, 110

station

Date

Jan. 1

8

15

22

29

Feb. 5

12

19

26

Mar. 4

11

18

25

Apr. 1

8

15

22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

17

24

July 1

8

15

22

29

Aug. 4

11

18

25

Sept . 1

8

15

22

29

Oct. 6

13

20

a Ice

.55

.53

.47

.42

.41

.32

.30

.31

.28

.30

.41

In

and 135,

of the

10

2.58

2.29

3.38

2.21

2.23

2.28

3.11

3.68

2.60

3.46

2.52

2.86

2.39

2.67

3.63

2.88

3.15

2.77

2.47

2.10

2.03

2.43

2.18

2.07

1.65

1.41

1.06

1.92

1.41

.90

.95

.77

.63

.81

(b)

2.08

1.25

1.14

.95

1.58

1.97

1.76

1.78

Apr. May

3.07 2.

2.80 3.

... 2.

... 2.

... 2.

... 2.

... 2.

... 2.

... 2.

... 2.

.... 2.

feet above

83

65

53

41

38

40

33

80

60

38

48

June

1.54

1.50

1.48

1.46

1.41

1.36

1.32

1.29

1.27

1.22

assumed

July

1.26

1.21

1.19

1.24

1.24

1.19

1.16

1.13

1.13

1.12

1.09

datum,

and weekly precipitation,

United States Weather Bureau

35

2.79

2.69

3.96

2.38

2.32

2.37

3.62

4.12

2.90

3.05

2.75

3.20

2.53

2.92

4.43

3.25

3.69

3.71

3.70

2,20

2.16

2.27

2.29

2.22

1.71

1.50

1.14

2.08

1.60

1.17

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

1.05

1.54

1.25

(b)

1.90

2.26

1.96

1.87

60

2.76

2.55

3.61

2.49

2.46

2.57

3.85

4.41

2.97

4.31

2.83

3.36

2.66

3.11

4.93

3.45

4.04

2.83

2.83

2.25

2.21

2.83

2.46

2.30

1.70

1.46

1.18

2.10

1.59

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

3.58

1.63

1.25

(b)

2.01

2.43

2.05

2.03

85

3.65

3.52

4.30

3.26

3.52

4.15

4.20

4.30

3.92

4.23

3.75

4.09

3.55

3.95

4.48

4.15

3.76

3.71

3.57

3.00

2.96

3.73

3.03

2.15

2.62

2.17

1.95

2.70

2.35

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

(b)

4.06

2.46

2.23

(b)

2.99

3.32

3.05

3.75

Aug . Sept

1.02 1.

.99 1.

.99 1.

.99 1.

.97 1.

1.00 1.

1.19 1.

1.29 1.

1.41 1.

1.34 1.

1.35 ..

In Swart

14

11

11

12

13

67

66

60

56

46

. Oct. Nov.

1.72 2.

1.77 2.

1.80 2.

1.82 2.

1.82 2.

1.82 2.

1.82 3.

1.82 2.

1.82 2.

1.82 2.

1.87 ..

30

27

22

22

23

21

30

81

59

43

wells 10, 35,

In Inches, recorded at

In Washington, D. C.,

110

4.73

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

4.84

4.84

4.94

4.78

4.96

4.78

4.81

5.48

4.96

5.07

4.92

4.78

4.48

4.56

4.71

4.67

4.60

4.29

4.20

4.09

4.66

4.60

4.36

3.88

3.92

3.68

3.70

3.66

3.53

4.01

3.90

3.71

4.16

4.38

4.28

4.41

135

4.96

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

(a)

5.14

5.18

5.21

5.21

5.21

5.22

5.17

5.20

5.73

5.29

5.39

5.34

5.29

5.15

5.12

5.17

5.15

5.12

3.92

4.81

4.62

4.94

4.88

4.64

4.52

4.20

3.96

3,S8

3.92

4.50

4.52

3.42

4.26

4.52

4.64

4.71

4.70

Dec.

2.41

2.35

2.29

2.24

2.23

2.23

2.76

2.70

2.98

2.82

2.59

60,

the

1940

Precipitation

.00

.36

.70

.02

1.04

.01

.34

2.04

.16

1.43

.00

1.71

.02

.48

2.33

.87

2.99

.00

.45

.01

2.15

.13

.36

.09

.01

.03

.98

2.09

.43

.01

2.60

.35

.08

.56

.20

4.16

.34

.07

.00

.93

1.04

.25

.63

In well.

b Well dry.
VIRGINIA 111

Fairfax County Continued.

Water levels, in feet above assumed datum, ih Swart wells 10, 35, 60, 85,

110 and 135, and weekly precipitation, in inches, recorded at the station

of the United States Weather Bureau in Washington, D. C., 1940 Continued.

PreclpiDate

Oct

Nov

Dec

. 27

. 3

10

17

24

. 1

8

15

22

29

Swart

10

1.91

2.78

2.09

2.81

2.31

2.48

2.35

2.45

2.43

3.25

well 162.

Daily water level

35

2.05

3.36

2.27

3.33

2.63

2.84

2.63

2.80

2.72

3.82

at 2:

60

2.14

3.65

2.38

3.59

2.88

3.08

2.87

3.06

2.97

4.13

00 a.m., in

85

3.23

4.05

3.39

4.10

4.03

4.00

3.93

4.03

3.95

4.20

110

4.30

4.75

4.54

4.96

4.82

4.91

4.81

4.80

4.84

4.96

feet above assuned

135

4.73

4.34

4.87

5.06

5.09

5.14

5.14

5.10

5.13

5.06

datum,

tati on

1940

.03

1.45

T

2.72

.25

1.04

.16

.29

.45

1.37

(from recorder charts)

Day

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

Jan.

4.59

4.55

4.52

4.48

4.44

4.47

4.44

4.41

4.48

4.49

4.49

4.50

4.51

4.61

4.71

5.09

4.97

4.82

4.70

4.60

4.53

4.50

4.50

4.51

4.53

4.55

4.57

4.56

4.53

4.50

4.49

Feb. Mar.

4.48 4.91

4.50 4.83

4.50 5.41

4.50 5.60

4.59 5.51

4.73 5.36

5.14 5.23

5.23 5.14

5.19 5.05

5.21 4.96

5.32 4.87

5.14 4.76

5.06 4.74

5.02 4.72

5.17 5.59

5.10 5.39

5.04 5.26

5.02 5.17

4.94 5.11

5.59 5.00

5.54 4.89

5.34 4.83

5.24 4.78

5.09 4.74

5.06 4.75

4.94 4.71

4.87 4.. 72

4.98 4.68

4.99 4.65

.... 4.71

.... 5.11

Apr.

4.94

4.76

4.68

4.78

4.75

4.63

4.58

4.57

5.74

5.52

5.35

5.20

5.43

5.28

5.19

5.44

5.49

5.41

5.32

5.84

5.76

5.67

5.58

5.52

5.47

5.38

5.30

5.18

5.07

4.92

....

May June

4.86 4

5.37 4

5.11 4

5.04 4

4.94 4

4.80 4

4.69 4

4.63 4

4.59 4

4.59 4

4.54 4

4.54 4

4.50 4

4.46 4

4.44 4

4.42 4

.... 4

.... 4

.... 4

.... 4

5.38 4

4.94 4

4.84 4

4.73 4

4.79 4

4.83 4

4.76 3

5.26 3

4.88 3

4.68 3

4.98 .

.80

.65

.54

.43

.35

.37

.68

.49

.54

.50

.40

.40

.34

.28

.24

.19

.15

.30

.32

.28

.15 ;io

.09

.06

.03

.01

.97

.94

.89

.84

...

July

3.85

3.99

3.92

5.27

4.80

4.55

4.41

4.34

4.26

4.23

4.17

4.10

4.21

4.26

4.17

4.11

4.10

4.06

3.98

3.91

3.84

3.76

3.78

3.94

4.01

3.89

3.76

3.67

3.63

3.58

3.53

Aug.

3.52

3.45

3.40

3.37

3.32

3.34

3.33

3.29

3.24

3.19

3.14

3.15

3.12

3.07

3.08

3.24

3.36

3.45

3.49

3.48

3.37

3.29

3.23

3.17

3.13

3.09

3.79

3.98

3.95

3.90

3.88

Sept.

4.34

4.31

4.17

4.07

3.99

3.92

3.87

3.81

3.86

3.82

3.81

3.75

3.71

3.67

3.64

3.63

3.62

3.58

3.54

3.50

3.47

3.41

3.35

3.32

3.29

4.20

4.09

4.00

3.94

3.91

....

Oct.

3.90

4.19

4.58

4.43

4.30

4.21

4.17

4.12

4.21

4.21

4.21

4.21

4.21

4.06

4.04

4.00

4.00

3.99

3.96

4.04

4.28

4.25

4.21

4.19

4.17

4.17

4.15

4.11

4.09

4.14

4.28

Nov.

4.24

....

4.67

4.61

4.49

4.42

4.36

4.35

4.30

4.29

4.27

4.35

4.72

5.12

5.75

5.35

5.11

4.94

4.80

4.73

4.66

4.62

4.58

4.56

4.69

4.58

5.32

5.58

4.97

4.87

....

Dec.

4.81

4.75

4.70

4.64

4.64

4.76

4.70

4.67

4.62

4.61

4.59

4.59

4.62

4.66

4.78

....

4.72

....

....

....

....

...»

4.71

4.69

4.69

4.71

5.16

5.13

5.30

5.28

5.14

Fauquier County

Glendale Farm well. Height of measuring point above datuTi plane, 

26.00 feet from beginning of observations. Measurements made by J. E. 

Johnson.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

Jan. 7 

14 

21 

29

Water 

level

15.60 

15.70 

14.99 

15.15

Date

Apr. 11 

14 

21 

28

Water 

level

12.91 

13.19 

5.00 

13.67

Date

May 5 

12 

19 

26

Water 

level

13.74 

14.05 

14.07 

13.86

Date

June 2 

9 

16 

23

Water 

level

14.05 

14.46 

15.91 

14.95

T Trace.
112 WATER LEVELS AHD ARTESIAN PRESSDRE, 1940

Fauquier County Continued.

Glendale Farm well. Continued.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Date

June 30 

July 7 

14 

21 

28 

Aug. 4 

11

Water 

level

15.15 

15.10 

14.92 

15.09 

15.38 

15.58 

15.94

Date

Aug. 18 

25. 

Sept. 2 

15 

22 

29

Water 

level

15.76 

15.44 

15.63 

15.93 

16.05 

15.26

Date

Oct. 6 

13 

20 

27 

Nov. 3 

10

Water 

level

15.70 

15.83 

15.95 

16.36 

15.95 

15.56

Date

Nov. 17 

24 

Dec. 1 

8 

15 

21

Water 

level

14.25 

14.18 

13.70 

13.75 

14.23 

13.79

SOUTHEASTERN VIRGINIA 

By D. J. Cederstrom

Periodic measurements of water levels in selected wells in southeastern Virginia were continued in 1940 in connection with a cooperative 

ground-water investigation by the Federal Geological Survey an'l the 

Virginia Geological Survey, Arthur Bevan, State Geologist. Tie area 

thus far investigated consists of that part of the Coastal Plain lying 

south of the James River.

Seven observation wells were being measured periodically at the end 

of the year. One of the wells is measured monthly; the others are measured weekly. Two of the wells measured weekly are equipped with automatic 

water-stage recorders. A total of 273 individual measurements of water 

level was made in the wells in 1940.

Bulletin 51-E of the Virginia Geological Survey, "Geology and 

artesian-water resources of a part of the southern Virginia Co^stsl Plain", 

by D. J. Cederstrom, was issued in 1940.

The numbers of four of the five observation wells whose records 

appear in Water-Supply Paper 886 have been changed to correspond to 

numbers assigned them in a report in preparation on the Coastal Plain 

area south of the James River. Well 97, in Nansemond County, has been 

changed to 105, and wells 42, 51, and 56, in Prince George County, have 

been changed to 2, 15, and 13 respectively.

Except for a temporary rise of 0.42 foot from November 5 to November 

19, the water level in well 36, in Chesterfield County, declined from 

October 9, 1939 the date of installation of the automatic recorder to 

January 7, 1940, (see accompanying illustration). In this period the 

water level declined from 18.04 feet below the measuring point to 18.97 

feet, largely as a consequence of subnormal rainfall.
15

-p

O.H 16 


 o 

«-i ft

a y 

*B 17

1939 

Oct. Nov. Dec

1 94 0 

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Ju

19

20

 n *w A 43 o 4 JS-S

Figure 9. Graphs showing fluctuation of water level In a well ne

at Richmond, Va.
114 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSTJKE, 1940

The water level rose 2.01 feet in the period February 7 to February 25. Inasmuch as the rainfall was only 1.3 inches above normal in 

the 4-week period ending February 20, during which time the greatest part 

of the rise took place, it seems apparent that the rise of water level 

may be largely attributed to absence of transpiration in a period of 

only moderately heavy precipitation.

This conclusion is confirmed by the record of water levels from 

February 25 to August 11, during which period the water level continued 

to decline almost without interruption in spite of heavy rains in April 

and May. Rains aggregating 4.6 inches (2.3 inches above norms 1) in the 

3-week period ending April 30, brought about only a temporary rise of 

water level of 0.22 foot and 3.3 inches of rain (1.6 inches alive normal) 

in the 2 week period ending May 28 produced no appreciable chrnge in the 

downward trend of the water level in the well. The accumulated departure 

from normal rainfall on August 6 was -2.77 inches.

From the low point of the year, 19.75 feet below the measuring point, 

which was recorded on August 13, the water level rose to 16.45 feet by 

August 25, a net gain of 3.30 feet, in response to 9.10 incher of rain 

that occurred in that 2-week period. The precipitation during this period 

was 7.15 inches above normal.

The water level declined steadily from August 25 to Novenber 12 and 

on the latter date was 2,82 feet below the high level of Augurt 25. During this period the accumulated departure had decreased from +4.38 inches 

to +1.22 inches. A rain of 3.22 inches in the week ending November 19 

(2.63 inches above normal) appeared largely responsible for tl ra. 0.67 foot 

rise in water level in the period November 12 to 24. Recharge may have 

been facilitated by the absence of transpiration. The water level again 

declined and on December 22 11; was 19.06 feet below the measuring point. 

A slight rise occurred near the end of the year and on December 30, 1940, 

the water level was 18.96 feet below the measuring point, 0.22 foot below the stage recorded on December 31, 1939.

The accumulated departure from normal precipitation from August 20 

to the .end of the year was positive due chiefly to heavy rainr in the week 

ending August 20, and on December 31 it was +1.88 inches. Had the excess

rainfall been more evenly distributed it appears likely that a water

* 

level more nearly commensurate with the accumulated departure might have

been recorded.
VIRGINIA 115

The piezometrle surface in well 105, Nansemond County, remained 

nearly constant during 1940, with the exception of a fluctuation of 0.5 

foot recorded on November 4.

Well 2, Prince George County, shows fluctuations similar to those 

in well 36, Chesterfield County, in that the water-bearing strata appear 

to be recharged almost Immediately following periods of very heavy rains 

or following periods of moderately heavy rains, when transpiration is 

small. This fact is of particular interest because well 36 Is in the 

Pall Zone where water occurs under water-table conditions whereas well 2 

Is in the Coastal Plain about 3 miles east of the Pall Zone and water 

occurs under artesian conditions. Heavy industrial pumping at Hopewell 

does not appear to affect the water level in well 2 since marked changes 

In water levels at Hopewell have had no observable counterpart In the 

record of water levels in the well. The water level in well 2 does not 

appear to fluctuate through as wide a range, due to the Increased load 

placed on the aquifers during high stages of adjacent rivers, as do the 

water levels in wells 90, Sussex County, and 201b, Southampton County. 

Some effects due to loading are recognized, however.

The water level In well 2 reached its lowest stage in 1939 on December 27, when the depth to water level was 19.21 feet below tire measuring 

point. The decline, which had begun December 5, 1939, reached a low 

point on January 9, 1940 19.79 feet below the measuring poirt. The 

water levels fluctuated only slightly during the next few weeks but a 

sharp rise began on February 6. The depth to water level decreased from 

19.74 feet on February 6 to 17.89 feet on March 6, a net rise in water 

level of 1.85 feet. This rise may be correlated with the rife in water 

level of 2.01 feet that took place on the Fall Zone in well 36, Chesterfield County, from February 7 to 25.

The water level declined 2.30 feet from March 6 to August 13. Recharge took place following 9.10 Inches of rain in the 2-weel' period 

ending August 20 and the water level rose 2.02 feet. The rlre is comparable to the rise of 3.30 feet that occurred In about the same period in 

well 36, Chesterfl'eld County.
116 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

From August 27 to November 5 the water level declined frcm 18.34 

feet below the measuring point to 21.29 feet, a net decline of 2.95 feet. 

Although this part of the record is similar to that for well £6, 

Chesterfield County, for the same period, the temporary rise cf water 

level early in October had no counterpart in well 36. The teiroorary rise 

is attributed to increased load placed on the aquifer by the /Ippomattox 

River due to the increased stage following 1.06 inches of rair in the 

week ending October 8.

The water level in well 2 rose 0.73 foot from November 5 to December 4 but declined O.51 foot from December 4 to 26. A rise of 0.86 foot 

took place in the week ending January 2, 1941. On that day tte water 

level was 2.32 feet below the highest level of 1940, which occurred 

March 6, and 1.08 feet below the lowest level of the year, which occurred 

November 5.

A continuous record of the fluctuations of water level ir well 13, 

Prince George County, was obtained throughout 1940. The water level in 

the well is subject to sudden fluctuations ranging from 4 feet to 8 feet, 

due to changes in the pumping rate of nearby industrial wells. Many of 

these changes were not properly recorded due to the fact that the automatic recorder operated on the well for most of the year was rot of the 

proper gear ratio. On December 6, 1940, a 1 to 10 ratio recorder was installed and it appears that all changes of water level will be accurately 

recorded henceforth.

On January 1, 1940, the water level in well 13 was 39.87 feet below 

the measuring point, and at that time appeared to have fully recovered 

from the low summer levels (the maximum recorded depth to water was 49.63 

feet below measuring point on October 2). Although marked flx-ctuations 

occurred during January and February, the water level was only 0.41 foot 

higher on February 20 than on January 1. In March, however, the water 

level rose and in the last half of the month stood at stages more than 

3.5 feet higher than the stage of January 1. It is reported that artificial recharge of the water-bearing strata by welle for the purpose of 

temporarily storing cold water was attempted by an industrial concern in 

March. The amount and period of recharge is not known. The record of 

water levels suggest, however, that recharge took place from F^rch 5 or 

March 6 to or nearly to the end of the month.
VIRGINIA 117

In April the water level declined from 36.30 feet below the measuring 

point to 37.02 feet. On May 6 the water level In well 13 was the same as 

a week previous. Industrial pumpage, probably In excess of 1,000 gallons 

a minute, apparently began on May 9 and water level declined sharply and 

with little Interruption until July 1, when depth to water level was 

49.47 feet.

The water level fluctuated Irregularly during July, August, September 

and during the first three weeks In October. The lowest recorded water 

level In that period was 49.88 feet below the measuring point 8.99 feet 

below the level of January 1, 13.64 feet below the level of r-»rch 18, and 

0.25 foot below the lowest level recorded In 1939.

In the period October 18 to November 16 the water level rose from a 

depth of 49.64 feet below the measuring point to 40.83 feet. A further 

rise of 0.44 foot took place from November 16 to December 14 and on that 

date the water level was only 0.96 foot below the level of January 1, 1940. 

In the latter half of December the water level rose sharply, possibly In 

response to artificial recharge, and during the last few dayp of the year 

fluctuated widely. On January 1, 1941, the water level was about 38.10 

feet below the measuring point.

Weekly measurements of water level are made In well 15, Prince George 

County. Fluctuations similar to those observed In well 13 are recorded. 

Inasmuch as this well Is at a greater distance from heavily pumped wells, 

the magnitude of the fluctuations Is less.

Periodic measurements of depth to water level In well 201b, Southampton County, were begun April 3, 1940, The water level In the well, and 

In the well at HVaverly, Is subject to marked fluctuations due to changes 

'in stage of nearby major streams, the Nottoway and Blackwater Rivers. 

The following discussion Is based on the hydrograph constructed by drawing 

a smooth curve through certain of the plotted measurements In an attempt 

to minimize these effects and to bring out seasonal changes in water level 

due to variations in recharge and discharge from the water-bearing beds.

On April 20, the depth to water level below the measuring point in 

well 201b was 15.84 feet. During May, June, and July, the wrter level 

declined and on July 20 the lowest stage of the year 17.58 feet below 

the measuring point was recorded. The water level In the woll gradually 

rose during the remainder of the year and on December 28 tbe depth to 

water level was 16.48 0.64 foot below the high stage on Aprf.l 20.
118 WATER LEVELS AMD ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Periodic measurements of water levels in well 90, Sussex County, 

were begun on April 7, 1940. The water level is subject to temporary 

fluctuations of at least 0.7 foot due to changes in stage of edjacent 

streams and to the effects of local pumping. The following discussion 

of fluctuations of water level in the well will also be based on a hydrograph constructed by drawing a smooth curve through certain of the plotted measurements. On April 16 the depth to water level was 64.55 feet 

below the measuring point. The water level gradually declined1 during 

the following weeks and on July 22 it was 65.96 feet below the measuring point 1.41 feet below the level recorded on April 16. By October 15 

the water level had risen 0.72 foot above the low stage of July 22, in 

the following weeks it declined and on November 11 was 65.64 feet below 

the measuring point only 0.32 foot above the low stage of July 22. A 

gradual rise in water level occurred in November and December, and on 

December 30 the water level was still 0.80 foot below the high stage 

of April 16 and 0.61 foot above the low level of July 22.

The difference between the highest and lowest water level of the 

year is small and it might be accounted for entirely by the seasonal 

variation in river stage. Longer records will be necessary before the 

fluctuations of water level in the well can be accurately interpreted.

Frequent references to the precipitation have been made In the preceding paragraphs in the discussion of water-level fluctuatiors. The 

prompt response to precipitation can be easily observed by an inspection 

of the fluctuations of water level in wells 36, Chesterfield County, and 

2, Prince George County. The water levels in wells farther from the Pall 

Zone appear to fluctuate much less in response to the precipitation.

An indirect effect of rainfall on water levels in wells is the 

fluctuations produced by the changes in stage of rivers. The increase in 

volume of water in the rivers during periods of high runoff produces a 

compaction of the sediments that comprise the aquifers and the water 

levels in wells undergo an immediate although temporary rise. The rises 

and subsequent declines may be considered similar to temporary fluctuations caused by changes in atmospheric pressure and correctiors for them 

must be made before the record of water levels may be properly interpreted.
VIRGINIA 119

36.

Chesterfield County

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 194C

Date

Jan. 7

14

21

28

Feb. 4

11

18

25

Mar. 3

10

17

24

30

Water 

level

18.97

18.89

18.62

18.48

18.53

17.97

18.40

16.54

16.62

16.67

16.85

16.96

17.10

Date

Apr. 7

14

21

28

May 5

12

19

26

June 2

10

16

24

July 1

Water

level

17.32

17.49

17.55

17.56

17.42

17.53

17.78

17.97

18.12

18.35

18.50

18.64

18.74

Date

July 7

15

Aug. 5

1118 '

23

25

Sept. 1

8

15

22

29

Oct. 6

Water 

level

18.90

18.85

19.26

19.58

17.91

16.50

16.45

16.75

17.28

17.57

17.80

18.20

18.42

Date

Oct. 13

21

27

Nov. 3

10

17

24

Dec. 1

8

15

22

30

Water

level

18,68

18.87

19.00

19.11

19.25

18.99

18.60

18.69

18.83

18.95

19.06

18.96

Nansemond County

105. Formerly well 97.

Water level, in feet above measuring point, 194C

Date

Apr. 

May

1 

1

Water 

level

20.0 

20.0

Date

June 

July

I 

1

Water

level

20.0 

20.0

Date

Sept. 

Nov.

4 

4

Water 

level

20.0 

19.5

Prince George County

2. Formerly well 42.

Water level, in feet below measuring point

Date

Jan. 2

9

16

23

30

Feb. 6

13

20

27

Mar. 6

12

19

26

Water 

level

19.39

19.79

19.73

19.56

19.63

19.74

18.75

18.14

18.00

17.89

18.21

17.97

18.21

Date

Apr. 2

9

16

23

30

May 7

14

21

28

June 19

25

July 2

Water 

level

18.38

18.68

18.93

19.00

18.80

18.66

18.80

19.02

18.96

19.70

19.81

20.10

Date

July

Aug.

Sept

9

16

23

30

6

13

20

27

. 4

10

17

24

Water 

level

19.97

20.14

20.23

20.21

20.19

20.36

18.70

18.34

18.55

18.74

19.25

19.58

Date

Oct. 1

8

15

22

30

Nov. 5

19

26

Dec. 4

10

17

26

Water

level

19.95

19.80

20.52

20.87

20.98

21.29

20.90

20.68

20.56

20.65

20.88

21.07

194C

13. Formerly well 56. Measuring point, 52.5 feet 

In Water-Supply Paper 886, water level on Oct. 2, 1939, 

given to be 47.63 feet; the correct level is 49.63 feet 

Water level, in feet below measuring point,

above sea level, 

was erroneously

1940

Jan. 1

8

15

22

28

Feb. 5

12

19

39.87

40.02

38.40

39.80

39.90

38.61

39.52

44.11

Feb.

Mar.

Apr.

26

4

11

18

25

1

8

15

39.46

39.11

39.90

36.24

36.30

36.30

36.70

36.87

Apr. 22

29

May 6

13

20

27

June 3

10

41.77

37.02

37.02

38.78

40.12

45.13

47.25

48.10

June 17

24

July 1

8

14

20

27

Aug. 3

48.52

48.81

49.47

49.59

49.60

49.66

49.67

49.88
120 WATER LEVELS AND ARTESIAN PRESSURE, 1940

Prince George County Continued.

13. Continued.

Water level, In feet below measuring point , 1940

Date

Aug. 10 

17 

24 

31 

Sept. 7 

14

Water 

level

49.76 

46.65 

49.36 

49.52 

49.50 

49.30

Date

Sept. 21 

28 

Oct. 5 

12 

19

Water 

level

49.39 

49.60 

49.55 

49.51 

49.52

Date

Oct. 26 

Nov. 2 

9 

16 

23

Water 

level

47.78 

43.82 

42.50 

40.83 

40.92

Date

Nov. 30 

Dec. 7 

14 

21 

28

Water 

level

40.47 

40.37 

40.39 

38.31 

33.77

15. Formerly well 51. Measuring point, 51.7 feet above sea level. 

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Jan. 4

11

18

25

Feb. 1

9

16

24

Apr. 16

26

34.50

34.31

34.18

34.30

34.15

34.06

33.93

34.00

32.42

32.67

May 2

11

16

24

June 3

10

17

24

July 3

32.43

33.17

33.46

36.21

38.58

39.28

39.71

39.96

40.34

July 11

18

25

Aug. 1

9

16

23

29

Oct. 4

40.32

40.46

40.76

40.71

40.72

40.75

40.46

40.67

40.26

Oct. 11

19

Nov. 15

22

29

Dec. 6

12

20

27

40.26

40.25

35.20

35.15

35.50

34.57

34.59

33.87

33.17

Southampton County

201b. Camp Manufacturing Company. About 0.75 mile north-northwest 

of Franklin, in farmyard. Abandoned jetted well, diameter 3 Inches, depth 

275 feet. Measuring point, top of casing, 34* feet above sea level. Taps 

artesian water in Cretaceous sands.

Water level, .in feet below measuring point, 1940

Apr.

May

June

3

6

13

20

27

4

11

18

25

1

16.14

16.15

16.00

15.84

15.94

16.09

16.28

16.38

16.48

16.52

June

July

Aug.

8

15

22

28

6

13

20

27

3

10

16.80

17.10

17.27

17.90

16.98

16.90

17.38

17.68

17.58

17.42

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

17

24

31

. 7

13

24

28

4

12

19

14.90

15.73

16.67

17.00

16.87

16.93

17.05

17.10

17.00

16.97

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

26

2

8

16

23

30

7

14

21

28

16.92

16.98

16.87

16.57

16.52

16.64

16.73

16.40

16.53

16.48

Sussex County

90. Jeb. S. White. Wakefleld. Abandoned drilled well, diameter 

3 inches, depth 225 feet. Measuring point, plug 4 inches above 4-inch 

coupling, 101.7 feet above sea level. Taps artesian water in Cretaceous 

sand. On Apr. 1, 1940, water levels varied from 65.15 to 64.77 feet below 

measuring point in response to nearby pumping.

Water level, in feet below measuring point, 1940

Apr.

May

June

8

16

22

1

7

13

20

28

3

10

64.88

64.55

64.61

64.60

64.87

64.69

65.03

65.19

65.22

65.24

June

July

Aug.

17

24

1

8

15

22

29

5

12

65.22

65.76

65.51

65.64

65.43

65.96

65.28

65.68

65.38

Aug.

Sept

Oct.

19

26

. 2

10

16

23

30

7

15

64.92

65.20

65.52

65.37

65.13

65.62

65.05

65.21

65.24

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

28 '

4

11

20

26

2

9

23

30

65.42

65.50

65.64

65.27

64.92

64.93

65.19

65.49

65.35