# Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

State Implementation Plan Revision: 2011 Base Year Inventory for the Pennsylvania

Portion of Five 2008 Ozone Nonattainment Areas:

Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton

Lancaster Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Reading

September 201 5

Bureau of Air Quality Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

P.O. Box 8468 Harrisburg, PA 17105

- 8468

717

- 787

- 9495

www.dep.state.pa.us[This page intentionally left blank.]- i

- Table of Contents

Introduction and Overview

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 1 Summary of the Base Year Emissions Inventory

................................ ................................ ............ 3

1. 2011 Base Year Inventory

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 3 2011 Base Year SIP Emission Inventory

................................ ................................ ............. 4

2. Point Sources

................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 5

3. Nonpoint Sources

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 8

4. Nonroad Sources

................................ ................................ ................................ ................ 10

5. Onroad Sources

................................ ................................ ................................ .................. 13 Analysis Methodology

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 14

6. Quality Assurance Procedures

................................ ................................ ........................... 16 Acronyms and Abbreviations

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 18

Tables

Table 1a: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the 2008

Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

............................ 4

Table 1b: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the 2008

Lancaster Area Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ................... 4

Table 1c: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the

Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ........................ 4

Table 1d: 2011 Base Year Emission Invento ries Summary by Sector for the 2008

Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ... 5

Table 1e: 2011 Base Year Emissi on Inventories Summary by Sector for the 2008

Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ .............................. 5

Table 2a: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Sour ce Emission Inventories for the 2008

Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

............................ 7

Table 2b: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Lancaster

Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ................................ ............ 7

Table 2c: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the Pennsylvania

Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ................................ ............ 7

Table 2d: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ... 8

Table 2e: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Reading

Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ................................ ............ 8

Table 3a: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

............................ 9- ii

-

Table 3b: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Lancaster Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ............................ 9

Table 3c: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the

Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ........................ 9

Table 3d: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ... 9

Table 3e: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ............................ 10

Table 4a: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

.......................... 12

Table 4b: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Lancaster Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ .......................... 13

Table 4c: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone

Nonattainment Area

................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 13

Table 4d: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Pittsburgh

- Be aver Valley Ozone Marginal Nonattainment Area

................................ . 13

Table 4e: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

R eading Ozone Marginal Nonattainment Area

................................ ............................ 13

Table 5a: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Allento wn

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

.......................... 15

Table 5b: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for th e 2008

Lancaster Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ .......................... 15

Table 5c: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the

Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ...................... 15

Table 5d : 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ . 16

Table 5e: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the 2008

Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

................................ ............................ 16- iii

- Appendices

Appendix A: Point Sources Appendix A

- 1 : 2011 Point Source Annual Inventory Appendix A

- 2: 2011 Point Source Ozone Season Inventory

Appendix B: Nonpoint Sources Appendix B

- 1: 2011 Nonpoint Source Annual Inventory Appendix B

- 2: 2011 Nonpoint Source Ozone Season Inventory

Appendix C: Nonroad Sources Appendix C

- 1: 2011 Nonroad Source Annual Inventory Appendix C

- 2: 2011 Nonroad Source Ozone Season Inventory

Appendix D: Onroad Sources Appendix D

- 1: 2011 Onroad Source Annual Inventory Appendix D

- 2: 2011 Onroad Source Ozo ne Season Inventory- 1

-

Introduction and Overview

Maintaining concentrations of ground

- level ozone below the health

- based ambient air quality standard is important because ozone is a serious human health threat, and also can cause damage to important food crops, forests, and wildlife.

Repeated exposure to ozone pollution may cause a variety of adverse health effects for both healthy people and those with existing conditions including difficulty in breathi ng, chest pains, coughing, nausea, throat irritation, and congestion. It can exacerbate bronchitis, heart disease, emphysema, and asthma, and reduce lung capacity. Asthma is a significant and growing threat to children and adults. Ozone can aggravate as thma, causing more frequent occurrence of
asthma attacks, increased use of medication, and requiring additional medical treatment and more frequent visits to hospital emergency clinics. Because ozone pollution usually forms in hot weather, anyone who spen ds time outdoors in the summer may be affected, particularly children, the elderly, outdoor workers and people exercising. Children are most at risk from exposure to ozone because they are active outside, playing and exercising during the summertime when ozone levels are highest.

Ozone is one of the most pervasive and detrimental pollutants known to affect vegetation, causing more injury to trees and crops than any other air pollutant in the United States. Ozone interferes with photosynthesis, the proces s by which plants convert water and sunlight to food. Ozone makes plants more susceptible to disease, insects, other pollutants and harsh weather. It damages the foliage of trees and other plants, ruining the landscapes of cities, parks and forests,

and recreation areas. Research has shown that current ozone concentrations result in reductions

of over 10 percent in wood growth in forests of the Northeast. There is strong scientific evidence showing that current levels of ozone are reducing crop yields, particularly in sensitive species

such as soybean, cotton, and peanuts. Annual crop loss from ozone for soybeans alone in
Illinois, Indiana and Ohio has been calculated to range from $199 million to $346 million. The

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has estimated national crop yield losses due to ozone in excess of $1 billion annually. One of the key components of ozone, oxides of nitrogen (NO X ) , contributes to fish kills and algae blooms in sensitive waterways, such as the Chesapeake Bay.

Ozone is not emitted directly to the atmosphere, but is formed by photochemical reactions between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NO X in the presence of sunlight. The long, hot, humid days of summer are particularly conducive to ozone formation, so ozone levels are a concern primarily during the months of May through September. The primary sources of man

made VOCs and NO X , the ozone precursors, are the evaporation of fuels and solvents (gasoline and consumer products), combustion of fuels (motor veh icles, power plants and non

- road engines), and industrial processes.

This document contains a detailed explanation of the 2011 base year emissions inventory for stationary, area, n onroad , and mobile anthropogenic sources as well as biogenic sources in the areas in Pennsylvania that EPA designated as nonattainment for the 2008 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The inventory will be included as part of Pennsylvania ’ s State Implementation Plan (SIP) to meet the requirements for the 2008 ozone N AAQS. Annual- 2

-

anthropogenic emissions were estimated for VOC, NO X , and carbon monoxide (CO). Typical ozone season day emissions were estimated for VOC, NO X , and CO.

On March 27, 2008, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) published a final rule establishing revised primary and secondary 8

- hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards ( NAAQS ) (73 FR 16436) of 75 parts per billion

. The final Air Quality Designations for the 2008 Ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards were published in the Federal Register on May 21, 2012 ( 77 FR 30088 ). EPA designated ozone nonattainment areas for the 2008 ozone NAAQS including 36 areas classified across the country as “marginal” ozone

nonattainment areas. These marginal areas include the Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton, Lancaster

, Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City (Pennsylvania portion) , Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley, and Reading as “ma rginal” nonattainment areas (77 FR 30088; May 21, 2012). This final rue was

eff ective on July 20, 2012. The federal Cl ean Air Act (CAA), 42 U.S.C.A

. § 7401 et seq. (the Act), requires all areas of the nation to attain and maintain compliance with the NAAQS. These federal standards are designed to protect the public health and welfare from six criteria pollutants, one of which is ozone

This base year inventory is r equired by Section 182(a)(1) of the CAA at § 7511a(a)(1) :

(1) Inventory

– Within 2 years after November 15, 1990, the State shall submit a comprehensive, accurate, current inventory of actual emissions from all sources, as

described in section 7502(c)(3) of this title, in accordance with guidance provided by the

Administrator.

Section 172(c)(3) of the CAA, the referenced section, § 7502(c)(3) , reads :

(3) Inventory

– Such plan provisions shall include a comprehensive, accurate, current inventory of actual emissions from all sources of the relevant pollutant or pollutants in such area, including such period revisions as the Administrator may determine necessary to as sure that the requ irements of this part are met.

EPA regulations, at 40 CFR § 51.1115 (relating to emissions inventory requirement)

, require the inventory to be submitted no later than 24 months after the effective date of designation.

Pennsylvania has chosen 2011 for the base year based upon EPA’s final rule entitled

“ Implementation of the 2008 National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Ozone: State Implementation Plan Requirements ” ( 80 FR 12263 , March 6, 2015).

The base year inventory must also meet the requirements for the public comment process set

forth in Section 110(a)(2) of the CAA

, 40 CFR § 51.102 and Section 7.5 of the Pennsylvania Air Pollution Control Act (35 P.S. Section 4007.5(b))

. On September 21, 2015

, the Pennsylvania Department of En vironmental Protection (DEP or Department) provided notice of a public comment period and the opportunity for a hearing on the “ State Implementation Plan Revision: 2011 Base Year Inventory for the Pennsylvania Portion of Five 2008 Ozone Nonattainment- 3

-

Areas. ” DEP received no comments or requests to attend the three hearings. All hearings were therefore cancelled, and public notice of the cancellations was provided.

Summary of the Base Year Emissions Inventory

1

. 2011 B ase Y ear I nventory

Effective J uly 20, 2012, EPA designated the following Pennsylvania counties as nonattainment for the 2008 ozone NAAQS ( 77 FR 30088 , May 21, 2012) :

Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton, PA

 Carbon County

 Lehigh County

 Northampton County

Lancaster, PA

 Lancaster County

Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE

 Bucks County

 Chester County

 Delaware County

 Montgomery County

 Philadelphia County

Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley, PA

 Allegheny County

 Armstrong County

 Beaver County

 Butler County

 Fayette County

 Washington Count y

 Westmoreland County

Reading, PA

 Berks County

Summaries of the ozone precursor emissions in tons per day (TPD) and tons per year (TPY) for the Pennsylvania 2008 ozone NAAQS nonattainment area s are shown in

Tables 1a through 1e. Summaries for each source category are included throughout this document. Differences between the summary and the tables in the individual sections of

this document are due to differences in rounding. The 2011 National E mission Inventory (NEI) versi on 2 data files used for this document were obtained as a download from the EPA Emission Inventory System ( EIS ) G atewa y

. The Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions ( SMOKE ) files from the gateway were imported into the Emissions Modeling- 4

-

Framework ( EMF ) s ystem in order to apply the necessary data filters and summer day

averages.

2011 Base Year SIP Emission Inventory

Table 1a: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the

2008 Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

Source Category VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Point 3.5844 24.0763 44.5565 1

, 298.2944 8

, 882.4313 15

, 980.1187 Nonpoint 52.4620 4.3983 10.7226 21

, 874.0747 2

, 365.4084 17

, 758.0824

Nonroad 7.3491 8.4916 81.1983 2

, 624.7749 2

, 372.2160 26

, 305.6727 Highway 17.18 00 35.56 00 172.59 00 6

, 169.98 00 12

, 833.61 00 76

, 800.12 00

Total 80.5755 72.5262 309.0674 31

, 967.124 0 26

, 453.6657 136

, 843.9938

Table 1b: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the 2008 Lancaster Area Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

Source Category VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Point 6.0096 3.3279 4.9232 2

, 161.8035 1

, 225.2810 1

, 811.4742 Nonpoint 31.6881 4.1839 14.0763 13

, 262.0758 2

, 043.6030 13

, 992.7848

N onroad 9.4751 8.1193 75.9137 3

, 854.6239 2

, 369. 2314 26

, 064. 9100 Highway 11.99 00 24.42 00 121.03 00 4,233.63 00 8,879.12 00 52,716.37 00

Total 59.1628 40.0511 215.9432 23

, 512.1332 14

, 571.2354 94

, 585.5390

Table 1c: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmington

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

Source Category VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Point 13.8162 39.8652 35.4149 5

, 044.1788 14

, 466.8247 12605.2393 Nonpoint 144.0575 27.7843 24.6034 55

, 434.4159 14

, 394.6064 27

, 032.5230

N onroad 41.8480 39.2817 510.4407 14

, 368.4324 11

, 090.20 74 162

, 745.4 696 Highway 60.58 00 123.39 00 631.69 00 21,497.83 00 43,869.04 00 259,855.73 00

Total 260.3017 230.3212 1

, 202.149 0 96

, 344.8571 83

, 820.6785 462

, 238.9619- 5

-

Table 1d: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the

2008 Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

Source Category VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Point 10.6595 160.0714 120.1636 3

, 900.9235 57

, 329.8382 43

, 988.6819 Nonpoint 191.5216 65.3470 85.7973 63

, 326.9810 27

, 064.6374 49

, 340.2937

N onroad 24.8491 27.7845 284.5770 9

, 281.1724 7

, 908.69 77 93

, 498.83 97 Highway 43.54 00 88.85 00 446.64 00 16,584.53 00 32,360.40 00 210,881.48 00

Total 270.5702 342.0529 937.1779 93

, 093.6069 124

, 663.5733 397

, 709.2953

Table 1e: 2011 Base Year Emission Inventories Summary by Sector for the

2008 Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

Source Category VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Point 3.4007 8.6847 5.4075 1

, 223.7618 3

, 139.5588 1

, 946.4482 Nonpoint 32.6838 4.2975 11.0720 13

, 462.6586 2

, 055.8245 11

, 792.2040

N onroad 4.5626 5.4649 46.8275 1

, 650.9746 1

, 528.62 20 15

, 312.29 66 Highway 9.86 00 22.11 00 98.88 00 3,479.35 00 8,073.19 00 43,022.47 00

Total 50.5071 40.5571 162.1870 19

, 816.7450 14

, 797.3983 72

, 073.4188

Ozone is typically a pollutant of concern in the summertime. Ozone formation depends on the presence of ozone precursors as well as the amount of sunlight and other meteorological impacts. Because ozone varies by season and weather conditions, the

baseli ne is provided both as an annual total and also as an average daily value during the

ozone season. The ozone season is defined as May 1 through September 30

.

2. Point Sources

A point source is a stationary, identifiable source of air pollution that usually emits the air pollutants through a stack or vent. A facility contains one or more point sources and is not limited to industrial facilities. Examples of an air pollution facility are steel mills, oil refineries, electric generating facilities, an d coal preparation plants. A non

- industrial facility may contain a large boiler or other air pollution source.

The data for the 2011 SO X , VOC, NO X , CO , lead and lead compounds, primary PM 2.5 , primary PM 10 , and ammonia point source emission inventory is d erived from the Pennsylvania Air Information Management System (AIMS). The AIMS sources are identified and inventoried by Pennsylvania regional air quality offices through permitting operations and regional and central office field inspections and surveys . The AIMS system is designed to include all point source emission categories need ed for completing any federally required reports, including but not limited to SIP preparation.

The AIMS database is linked to DEP ’ s eFACTS (Environment Facility, Applicati on, Compliance Tracking System) database. This allows Department

- wide sharing of data- 6

-

for all program areas. In addition, the public is provided better access to the information through DEP ’ s Internet website.

The point source inventories for Allegheny and Philadelphia Counties will be prepared by the Allegheny County Health Department and the Phil adelphia Air Management Services respectively. The two county agencies will submit their point source emission inventories directly to EPA ’ s National Emission Inventory The county agencies will also provide their point source data to DEP in order that effective SIP preparation may be

undertaken.

DEP has developed instructions for companies to complete the annual inventory

submission , also known as the Annual Emission Statement

. The instructions describe the database fields in the AIMS/eFACTS system. The instructions are revised annually to reflect any new guidance for the applicable reporting year.

Information on the emission inventory reporting system, inc luding the Instructions f or Completing The Annual Emission Statement , can be found at:

http://files.dep.state.pa.us/A ir/AirQuality/AQPortalFiles/Business%20Topics/ Emission%20Inventory/docs/2700

- BK

- DEP1936.pdf

Annually, facilities complete worksheets or enter data into the Air Emissions System (AES) for each source that operated and emitted pollutants for the year. Da ta required for processes include monthly material throughputs, days and weeks the sources operated, material processed, maximum throughput per hour, and correct Source Classification Code ( SCC ) number. In addition to process data required, combustion uni t data must
include fuel used, fuel characteristics such as sulfur content and British Thermal Units ( Btu ) , and any laboratory results. For each source

, an estimate of total emissions from criteria and hazardous pollutants must be supplied, including the method used for completing the estimate. If the company estimates emissions using anything other than emissions factors, it must provide the methodology. Usually that methodology involves

material balance. The company is also required to provide site em issions, which must equal the total of all individual sources. For those companies submitting through AES, error messages are returned when emissions are significantly different from those expected, at which time the company will either change the entry o r justify why the numbers are acceptable.

After the companies provide these data, inspectors or permit reviewers input and/or review the data in the AIMS system. For those companies submitting data on paper, the reviewer may receive an error message for emissions significantly different from previous years. At that time

, the reviewer will contact the company for more information and either request a change submitt al or enter the reason for the discrepancy.

As part of the Annual Emission Statement, point sources are required to provide operating data and emissions esti mates to DEP annually. Section 5.3 of the Instructions

f or Completing t he Annual Emission Stateme nt instructs owners and operators of a- 7

-

facility to provide an estimate of emissions for each sub

- facility within a facility.

Continuous Emissions Monitors ’ (CEM) data is considered the most reliable and is preferred by the DEP to develop an emissions esti mate. While startup emissions are not explicitly discussed in the i nstructions o r the Annual Emission Statement reporting forms, companies are told to report all emissions. Additionally, all facilities with startup emissions have an operating permit. Th e permit includes additional data collection and reporting requirements. Some equipment will have actual CEM data associated with its operation that will measure emissions for point source equipment. Emissions produced by some equipment will be calculate d using operating data, throughputs and factors. The

owner or operator is required to tell DEP which calculation method was used as well as the amount of emissions produced by the equipment.

T ables 2a through 2e, below

, summarize point source emissions for the five 2008 ozone NAAQS nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania

. More detailed information about the point source calculations and data is available in Appendix A

– Point Sources and the
attachments 2011OzonePoint_Final and 2011PointAnnual_Final.

Table 2a: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Carbon 0.5427 1.8660 24.5578 195.6113 729.9423 8

, 762.6631 Lehigh 2.0674 1.7237 6.6595 757.6371 627.6723 2

, 467.1831 Northampton 0.9742 20.4867 13.3392 345.0461 7

, 524.8167 4

, 750.2724

Total Emissions 3.5844 24.0763 44.5565 1

, 298.2944 8

, 882.4313 15

, 980.1187

Table 2b: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Lancaster Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Lancaster 6.0096 3.3279 4.9232 2

, 161.8035 1

, 225.2810 1

, 811.4742

Table 2c: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmin gton

- Atlantic City,

PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NOx

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NOx

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Bucks 1.4391 3.5099 1.6816 524.0020 1

, 270.9407 611.1234

Chester 2.1985 4.2331 4.9712 799.1257 1

, 529.9727 1

, 817.2060

Delaware 3.8463 21.1831 18.6638 1

, 393.1782 7

, 641.9772 6

, 444.8662 Montgomery 1.9999 3.9794 3.3699 729.4912 1

, 456.0920 1

, 229.2485 Philadelphia 4.3324 6.9597 6.7284 1

, 598.3817 2

, 567.8421 2

, 502.7952

Total Emissions 13.8162 39.8652 35.4149 5

, 044.1788 14

, 466.8247 12

, 605.2393- 8

- Table 2d: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY) Allegheny 4.5671 30.6712 21.9206 1

, 669.7652 11

, 123.8322 7

, 919.9235 Armstrong 0.6251 68.4145 14.2624 227.6070 24

, 395.9115 5

, 092.5689

Beaver 1.6351 46.2054 74.5896 600.6571 16

, 538.3754 27

, 537.0123

Butler 1.5295 2.8332 4.8958 560.6556 975.4216 1

, 794.8047 Fayette 0.3152 0.9680 0.4483 114.9782 344.4647 161.3691 Washington 0.3897 6.7958 2.8270 142.6282 2

, 439.3938 444.9362

Westmoreland 1.5977 4.1833 2.8270 584.6322 1

, 512.4391 1

, 038.0673

Total Emissions 10.6595 160.0714 120.1636 3

, 900.9235 57

, 329.8382 43

, 988.6819

Table 2e: 2011 Base Year SIP Point Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Berks 3.4007 8.6847 5.4075 1

, 223.7618 3

, 139.5588 1

, 946.4482

3. Nonpoint Sources

Nonpoint sources are stationary air pollutant emission sources that are not inventoried at the facility level. While point sources are inventoried individually, nonpoint sources are typically inventoried at the county level. Area inventory development is described in the Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development

, Volume III: Chapter 1

, published in 2001 by the Emission I nventory Improvement Program ( http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/iii01_apr2001.pdf ). Individual emissions sources are grouped with other like source s into source categories. These source categories are grouped in such a way that they can be estimated collectively using one methodology. Most nonpoint source categories do not have an analogue in the point source inventory. N on point emissions are generally estimated by multiplying an emission factor by some known indicator or collective activity for each nonpoint source category at the county level. Throughput estimates are derived from county

- level activity data, by apportioni ng national or statewide activity data to counties, from census numbers, and from county employee numbers. Control e fficiency, r ule p enetration and

r ule e ffectiveness are all taken into account. More specific information on the procedure

used for each in dustry type is contained in Pennsylvania 2002 Area Source Criteria Air Pollutant Emission Estimation Methods (E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., February 2004)

, which is contained in the Technical Appendix for informational purposes only

.

Tables 3a through 3 e, below, summarize nonpoint source emissions for the five 2008 ozone NAAQS nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania. More detailed information about the nonpoint source calculations and data is available in Appendix B

– Nonpoint Sources

and the attachments 20 11OzoneNonpointPA_Final and 2011NonpointAnnual_Final.- 9

-

Table 3a: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Carbon 18.5742 0.6276 4.4734 7

, 093.6465 302.9266 3

, 133.5461 Lehigh 17.8975 2.1268 3.3302 7

, 831.4999 1

, 141.1625 7

, 892.4848 Northampton 15.9903 1.6440 2.9189 6

, 948.9283 921.3193 6

, 732.0515

Total Emissions 52.4620 4.3983 10.7226 21

, 874.0747 2

, 365.4084 17

, 758.0824

Table 3b: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Lancaster Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Lancaster 31.6881 4.1839 14.0763 13

, 262.0758 2

, 043.6030 13

, 992.7848

Table 3c: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmin gton

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Bucks 32.7039 3.2037 4.8973 12

, 654.5789 1

, 777.1277 6

, 066.8019

Chester 28.4227 2.6233 4.8515 10

, 934.1763 1

, 445.5963 5

, 142.2033

Delaware 17.6733 6.3309 3.1956 6

, 784.8299 2875.8471 3

, 411.1548 Montgomery 32.2084 4.3852 6.0136 12

, 761.6800 2480.6733 8

, 545.6368 Philadelphia 33.0492 11.2412 5.6454 12

, 299.1508 5815.3620 3

, 866.7262

Total Emissions 144.0575 27.7843 24.6034 55

, 434.4159 14

, 394.6064 27

, 032.5230

Table 3d: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY) Allegheny 42.9087 14.8256 10.3721 17

, 088.4994 7

, 145.8163 11

, 642.8966 Armstrong 21.4875 9.8166 13.2642 8

, 043.9338 3

, 694.8729 5

, 754.6515

Beaver 16.2882 5.0596 6.0422 6

, 170.5766 2

, 077.9516 3

, 367.1520

Butler 26.3446 3.8922 9.6402 9

, 983.0774 1

, 635.8255 5

, 363.0508 Fayette 27.2265 8.3067 11.7757 10

, 271.9696 3

, 227.1075 5

, 945.3373 Washington 24.2702 9.5708 15.2236 9

, 238.3018 3

, 747.1048 7

, 522.4014

Westmoreland 32.9959 13.8755 19.4792 12

, 513.6999 5

, 535.9586 9

, 744.8042

Total Emissions 191.5216 65.3470 85.7973 73

, 310.0584 27

, 064.6374 49

, 340.2937- 10

-

Table 3e: 2011 Base Year SIP Nonpoint Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Berks 32.6838 4.2975 11.0720 13

, 462.6586 2

, 055.8245 11

, 792.2040

4. N onroad Sources

Pennsylvania did not prepare a nonroad inventory in 2011 and instead depended on the

EPA ’ s nonroad calculations. All descriptions, methodologies and estimated emissions in

this document are from EPA.

N onroad sources include aircraft, railroad and commercial marine vessel (CMV) sectors. Each source type is calculated using a unique methodology. All methodologies are described in the November 2013 EPA document 2011 National Emissions Inventory (NEI) , version 1 Technical Support Document found at :

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2011nei/2011_neiv1_tsd_draft.pdf

The aircraft sector includes all aircraft types used for public, private and military

purposes. This includes four types of aircraft: (1) c ommercial, (2) a ir t axis, (3) g eneral

a viation, and (4) m ilitary. A critical detail about the aircraft is whether each aircraft is turbine or piston driven, which a llows the emissions estimation model to assign the fuel
used, namely jet fuel or aviation gas, respectively. The fraction of tur bine and piston

driven aircraft is either collected or assumed for all aircraft types. Commercial aircraft include those used for transporting passengers, freight or both. Commercial aircraft tend to be larger aircraft powered with jet engines. Air t axis carry passengers, freight or both, but usually are smaller aircraft and operate on a more limited basis than the commercial

aircraft. General a viation aircraft include mos t other aircraft used for recreational flying and personal transportation. Finally, military aircraft are associated with military purposes, and they sometimes have act ivity at non

- military airports.

The 2011 NEI also includes emission estimates for airc raft auxiliary power units (APU) and aircraft ground support equipment (GSE) typically found at airports, such as aircraft

refuel ing vehicles, baggage handling vehicles and equipment, aircraft towing vehicles, and passenger buses. These APUs and GSE are l ocated at the airport facilities as point sources along with the aircraft exhaust emissions. However, these emissions are included

in the EIS s ectors for n onroad equipment ( such as gasoline, diesel, and other)

. EPA developed emissions estimates associate d with aircrafts ’ landing and takeoff (LTO) cycle. The cycle begins when the aircraft approaches the airport on its descent from cruising altitude, lands, taxis to the gate, and idles during passenger deplaning. It continues as the aircraft idles during passenger boarding, taxis back out onto the runway for subsequent takeoff, and ascen ds (climb s out) to cruising altitude. Thus, the five specific op erating modes in an LTO are (1) a pproach, (2) t axi/idle

- in, (3) t axi/idle

- out, (4) t akeoff, and (5) c limbout. The LTO cycle provides a basis for calculating aircraft

emissions. During each mode of operation, an aircraft engine operates at a fairly standard- 11

-

power setting for a given aircraft category. Emissions for one complete cycle are

calculated usin g emission factors for each operating mode for each specific aircraft engine combined with the typical period of time the aircraft is in the operating mode

.

The locomotive sector includes railroad locomotives powered by diesel

- electric engines.

A diesel

- electric locomotive uses 2

- stroke or 4

- stroke diesel engines and an alternator or a generator to produce the electricity required to power its traction motors. The locomotive source category is further di vided up into categories: Class I line haul,

Class II/III line haul, Passenger, Commuter, and Yard. EPA ’ s 2011 national rail estimates were developed by applying growth factors to the 2008 NEI values based on railroad freight traffic data from the 200 8 and 2011 R

- 1 reports submitted by all Class I

rail li nes to the Surface Transportation Board and employment statistics from the American Short Lines and Regional Railroad Association for C lass II and III. See Eastern Research Group, Inc. project report Development of 2011 Railroad Component

for National Emi ssions Inventory, September 5, 2012 for details. This document can be

found at :

http://dnr.mo.gov/env/apcp/ozone/apndx

- b

- 6.pdf

For more information on the 2008 methodology, refer to the 2008 documentation and background information at EPA ’ s Office of Transportation And Air Quality website for

nonroad emissions ( http://www.epa.gov/otaq/locomotives.htm ) . The emissions were

allocated t o line haul shape IDs and yard locations based on 2008 allocations.

The c ommercial m arine v essel ( CMV ) sector includes boats and ships used either directly or indirectly in the conduct of commerce or military activity. The majority of vessels in

this cat egory are powered by diesel engines that are fueled with either distillate or residual fuel oil blends. For the purpose of this inventory, we assume that Category 3 (C3) vessels primarily use residual blends while Category 1 and 2 (C1 and C2) vessels typi cally used distillate fuels. The C3 inventory includes vessels that use C3 engines for propulsion. C3 engines are defined as having displacement above 30 liters per cylinder. The resulting inventory includes emis sions from both propulsion and auxiliary engines used on these vessels, as well as those on gas and steam turbine vessels. Geographically, the inventories include port and inter

- port emissions that occur w ithin the area that

extends 200 nautical miles from the official U.S. baseline, which is ro ughly equivalent to

the border of the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone. Only some of these emissions are allocated to states based on official state boundaries that typically extend 3 miles offshore. The C1 and C2 vessels tend to be smaller ships that operat e closer to shore, and along inland and inter

- coastal waterways. Naval vessels are not included in this inventory, though Coast Guard v essels are included as part of the C1 and C2 vessels. The CMV source category does not include recreational marine vess els, which are generally

less than 100 feet in length, most being less than 30 feet, and powered by either inboard

or outboard engines

. These emissions are included in those calculated by the

N ONROAD model; they reside in the n onroad data category and EIS “ Mobile Non

- Road Equipment ” sectors of the 2011 NEI. Each of the commercial marine SCCs requires an appropriate emissions type (M=maneuvering, H=hoteling, C=cruise, Z=reduced speed- 12

-

zone) because emission factors vary by emission typ e. Each SCC and emissions type combination was allocated to a shape file identifier in the nonpoint inventory. The default values are those assumed when the actual emission type may be unknown; for example, emissions that occur in shipping lanes are assumed to be “ cruising ” and cannot

be “ hoteling

, ” which only occurs at ports.

EPA estimated CMV emission estimates as a collaborative effort between the Office of Transportation and Air Quality (OTAQ) and OAQPS. EPA developed the C3

commercial marine inventories for a base year of 2002 and then projected to 2011 by applying regiona l adjustment f actors to account for growth. In addition, EPA developed and applied NO X adjustment factors to account for implementation of the NO X Tier 1 standard. The C3 growth factors, NO X adjustment factors by tier and calendar year, and

NO X adjustmen t factors by engine type and speed are defined in Appendix A of the EPA project report “ Documentation for the Commercial Marine Vessel Component of the National Emissions Inventory Methodology, ” March 30, 2010. For C 1 and C 2 marine diesel engines, the emi ssion estimates were consistent with the 2011 Locomotive and

Marine federal rule making. EPA derived hazardous air pollutant ( HAP ) estimates by applying toxic fractions to VOC or PM estimates. EPA then allocated these emissions to

individual geographic information system GIS polygons using methods that varied by operating mode ( namely , hoteling, maneuvering, reduced speed zone, and underway).

The HAP emissions were estimated by applying speciation profiles to each polygon ’ s VOC and PM estima tes. EPA allocated emissions estimates based on activity to GIS polygons representing port and waterway. GIS polygons allowed the estimation/allocation of emissions to defined port, waterway, and coastal areas. Detailed information about the reports and standards mentioned above can be found at :

http://www.epa.gov/otaq/marine.htm

Other n onroad sectors include small and large nonroad vehicles, gas and diesel

- powered equipment and small engines

. The em issions for these sectors are included in Tables 4a through 4e and are address ed in greater depth in Appendix C

– Nonroad.

Tables 4a through 4e, below, summarize nonroad emissions for the five 2008 ozone NAAQS nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania . More de tailed information about the nonroad source calculations and data is available in Appendix C

– Nonroad Sources and
the attachments 2011OzoneNonroadPA_Final and 2011NonroadPA_Final.

Table 4a: 2011 Base Year SIP N onroad Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Carbon 1.2092 0.5794 6.8533 537.5024 186.4554 2

, 661.2617 Lehigh 3.6203 4.5180 46.4310 1

, 194.2887 1

, 247.6999 14

, 614.8129 Northampton 2.5197 3.3942 27.9140 892.9837 938.0606 9

, 029.5980

Total Emissions 7.3491 8.4916 81.1983 2

, 624.7749 2

, 372.2160 26

, 305.6727- 13

-

Table 4b: 2011 Base Year SIP N onroad Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Lancaste r Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Lancaster 9.4751 8.1193 75.9137 3

, 854.6239 2

, 369.2314 26

, 064.9100

Table 4c: 2011 Base Year SIP N onroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmin gton

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE

Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Bucks 9.0837 7.6606 108.3284 3

, 205.5380 2

, 195.8430 34

, 395.2421

Chester 7.8808 8.0402 91.2893 2

, 646.1774 2

, 214.0913 28

, 833.2252

Delaware 5.0496 3.8635 60.9033 1

, 787.9662 1

, 123.9599 19

, 726.4341 Montgomery 12.6621 10.9024 157.6694 4

, 210.9276 3

, 076.2155 49

, 706.1548 Philadelphia 7.1718 8.8151 92.2503 2

, 517.8232 2

, 480.0977 30

, 084.4134

Total Emissions 41.8480 39.2817 510.4407 14

, 368.4324 11

, 090.2074 162

, 745.4696

Table 4d: 2011 Base Year SIP N onroad Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Ozone Marginal Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY) Allegheny 11.0818 14.0995 150.0494 3780.4631 3920.9727 47

, 439.2469 Armstrong 1.1163 1.0249 7.2098 556.4988 324.6825 2

, 919.0644

Beaver 1.4161 1.4667 14.9056 619.0133 444.3476 5

, 327.7370

Butler 2.6465 2.7071 24.1933 1

, 005.7236 764.9593 8

, 019.1469 Fayette 0.2267 1.5438 14.0699 871.7555 450.9703 5

, 069.2035 Washington 1.9038 3.0690 23.0668 680.1811 8

, 55.8740 7

, 440.4472

Westmoreland 4.5865 3.8735 51.2470 1

, 767.5369 1

, 146.8913 17

, 283.9938

Total Emissions 24.8491 27.7845 284.7418 9

, 281.1724 7

, 908.6977 93

, 498.8397

Table 4e: 2011 Base Year SIP N onroad Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Reading Ozone Marginal Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Berks 4.5626 5.4649 46.8275 1

, 650.9746 1

, 528.6220 15

, 312.2966

5. Onroad Sources

Onroad or highway sources are motorized vehicles that are operated on public roadways. This source category includes passenger cars, motorcycles, minivans, sport

- utility vehicles, light

- duty trucks, heavy

- duty trucks and buses, including emissions from parking areas.- 14

-

The highway mobile source emission inventory was developed using available travel data

and EPA ’ s MOVES2010b emission model. The methodologies used to produce the

emission data conform to the recommendations provided in EPA ’ s t echnical g uidance

No. EPA

- 420

- B

- 1

- - 028 , listed below

. A mix of local data and national default (internal to MOVES2010b) data has been used for this SIP revision

. Local data has been used for the primary data items that have a significant impact on emissions. The primary data

items include:

• Vehicle miles of travel (VMT) by vehicle type.

• Average speed distribution.

• Vehicle type mixes.

• Source type population (for li ght

- duty vehicles).

• Vehicle age distribution.

• Hourly distributions.

• Meteorology data.

• Inspection/Maintenance program.

• Fuel supply.

Most local data inputs to the analysis process reflect the latest planning assumptions

based on 2011 data obtained from the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation ’ s Bureau of Motor Vehicles, and other local and national sources. Newer data was available and was used for control strategies ( such as Inspection / Maintenance programs), vehicle age distributions and fuel characte ristics.

The analysis methodology is consistent with past statewide inventory efforts including

the 2011 NEI submission. This includes the use of custom post processing software to calculate hourly speeds and prepare key traffic input files to the MOVES2 010b emission

model. A detailed methodology is provided in Appendix D.

Analysis Methodology

Guidance documents from EPA were used to develop the onroad emissions inventories. The guidance was followed in detail to obtain accurate and approvable results. The guidance documents include:

 Policy Guidance on the Use of MOVES2010 and Subsequent Minor Revisions for

State Implementation Plan Development, Transportation Conformity, a nd Other Purposes

, U.S. EPA Office of Tran sportation and Air Quality,

EPA

- 420

- B

- 12

- 010, April 2012.

 Using MOVES to Prepare Emission Inventories in State Implementation Plans

and Transportation Conformity: Technical Gu idance for MOVES2010, 2010a

and 2010b

. U.S. EPA Office of Transportation and Air Quality,

EPA

- 420

- B

- 12

- 028, April 2012.- 15

-

 Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES)

– User Guide for MOVES2010b,

U.S. EPA Office of Tran sportation and Air Quality, EPA

- 420

- B

- 1 2

- 001b,

June 2012.

Tables 5a through 5e, below, summarize highway source emissions for the five 2008 ozone NAAQS nonattainment areas in Pennsylvania . More detailed information about

the onroad source calculations and data is available in Appendix D

– Onroad Sources and

the attachments OnRoad_20 11_Julwkd_summary_Baker and
Onroad_Table _Final _Baker

.

Table 5a: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Allentown

- Bethlehem

- Easton Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Carbon 1.94 4.39 21.76 706.66 1,592.35 9,454.14 Lehigh 8.24 17.13 85.53 2,938.97 6,154.43 37,317.95 Northampton 7.00 14.04 65.30 2,524.35 5,086.83 30,028.04

Total Emissions 17.18 35.56 172.59 6169.98 12

, 833.6 1 76

, 800.1 3

Table 5b: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Lancaster Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Lancaster 11.99 24.42 121.03 4,233.63 8,879.12 52,716.37

Table 5c: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the Pennsylvania Portion of the 2008 Philadelphia

- Wilmin gton

- Atlantic City, PA

- NJ

- MD

- DE

M arginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Bucks 11.47 22.55 119.86 4,120.01 8,292.77 49,954.81

Chester 9.29 20.29 102.86 3,309.73 7,413.67 41,456.81

Delaware 8.68 17.25 88.68 3,097.85 6,222.26 37,084.67 Montgomery 14.50 28.89 159.89 5,156.21 10,458.00 64,680.67 Philadelphia 16.63 34.40 160.42 5,814.04 11,482.34 66,678.77

Total Emissions 60.58 123.39 631.69 21,497.83 43,869.04 259,855.73- 16

-

Table 5d: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the 2008 Pittsburgh

- Beaver Valley Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY) Allegheny 20.40 41.15 208.35 7,755.25 14,865.96 98,535.36 Armstrong 1.61 3.33 15.76 611.63 1,223.02 7,454.79

Beaver 3.22 6.45 32.45 1,232.52 2,365.83 15,550.01

Butler 4.44 9.64 46.20 1,672.83 3,527.63 21,200.51 Fayette 2.91 5.31 27.66 1,114.77 1,950.20 13,397.21 Washington 4.02 8.71 42.75 1,540.23 3,197.99 20,163.87

Westmoreland 6.95 14.26 73.47 2,657.30 5,229.77 34,579.73

Total Emissions 43.54 88.85 446.64 16584. 53 32,360.40 210,881.48

Table 5e: 2011 Base Year SIP Highway Source Emission Inventories for the

2008 Reading Marginal Ozone Nonattainment Area

County VOC

(TPD) NO X

(TPD) CO

(TPD) VOC

(TPY) NO X

(TPY) CO

(TPY)

Berks 9.86 22.11 98.88 3,479.35 8,073.19 43,022.47

6. Quality Assurance Procedures

Several quality assurance checks were employed by DEP ’ s Bureau of Air Quality to address the data quality: reality/peer review checks, sample calculations, sensitivity analysis, and range checks. Robust data comparisons and range checks are bu ilt into the eFACTS database and were applied to point source data. Nonpoint and area source category data were also checked via peer review and range checks, and compared to the previous inventories

. Point source data was compared to the previous year, and any difference of more than 10% was investigated and corrected if necessary. Nonpoint data was compared to the 2008 inventory, and similar corrections were made

, if necessary

. I ndependent review was conducted by knowledgeable staff to ensure that dat a, assumptions, and procedures are reasonable. The objective of these checks is to ensure accuracy, completeness, comparability, and the representative nature of the data

. Whether methods, assumptions, and emissions estimates were reasonable was assessed by rel ying on reviewer expertise and comparing emissions estimates to other inventory

efforts

.

Sample calculations provide verification of values by replicating calculations. The

benefit is to ensure that calculations are done correc tly. Emissions calc ulations were duplicated to spot check the accuracy of the arithmetic and, therefore, the resulting

emissions estimates. Priority was given to those categories identified as the largest

emissions contributors. For n onroad and highway emissions estimates, sample calculations were not used as a quality assurance mechanism. Preparing sample calculations for these sectors was not possible since the emissions estimates were generated using EPA

- approved models. Rather, these data were checked by comparing

the results of similar modeling runs conducted by other agencies such as state air- 17

-

agencies, state transportation agencies, or the Mid

- Atlantic Regional Air Management
Association, Inc. ( MARAMA ) to ensure the results included herein were reasonable.- 18

- Acrony ms and Abbreviations

AERR Air Emissions Reporting Requirements

AES Air Emissions System

AIM Architectural and Industrial Maintenance

AIMS Air Information Management System

APU Auxiliary P ower U nit AQTAC Air Quality Technical Advisory Committee

BTU British T hermal U nits

CAA Clean Air Act

CAIR Clean Air Interstate Rule

CA LEV California Low Emission Vehicle ( P rogram)

CAP Criteria Air Pollutant

CBP County Business Patterns

CE Control E fficiency

CO Carbon Monoxide

DEP Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection

EDMS Emissions and Dispersion Modeling System

eFACTS Environment Facility Application Compliance Tracking System

EGAS Economic Growth Analysis System

EIA Energy Information Administration

EIIP Emission Inventory Improvement Program

EIS Emission Inventory System

EMF Emissions Modeling Framework

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

ERTAC Eastern Regional Technical Advisory Committee

FAA Federal Aviation Administration

FIR E Factor Information Retrieval

FMVCP Federal Motor Vehicle C ontrol Program

GSE Ground S upport E quipment

ICI Industrial, Commercial and Institutional

IC Internal Combustion

I/M Inspection and Maintenance

LTO Landing and T akeoff

MECS Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey

MPO Metropolitan Planning Organizat ion NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standard

NAICS North American Industrial Classification System

NLEV National Low Emission Vehicle ( P rogram)

NO X Oxides of Nitrogen

NSR New Source Review

PM 10 Particulate M atter L ess T han 10 M icrons in D iameter

PM 2.5 Particulate M atter L ess T han 2.5 M icrons in D iameter ppb P arts per B illion

ppm P arts per M illion

RACT Reasonably Available Control Technology- 19

-

RE Rule E ffectiveness

RP Rule P enetration

SCC Source Classification Code

SEDS State Energy Data System

SIP State I mplementation Plan

SMOKE Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions

SO X Oxides of Sulfur

TSD Technical Support Document

TPD T ons P er D ay
VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled

VOC Volatile Organic Compound