Data from the

NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY

PodiatryWorkforce

Characteristics of the Provision

of Patient Care

United States: 1974

Data on podiatrists providing patient care by primary clinical activity and principal form of employment are cross-classified by demographic and employment characteristics. Conclusions are based on

data from the 1974 Survey of Licensed Podiatrists conducted by

the National Center for Health Statistics in conjunction with the

American Podiatry Association.

DHEW Publication No. (PHS)79-1817

Series 14

Number 22

U.S, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

Public Health Service

Office of Health Research, Statistics, and Technology

National Center for Health Statistics

Hyattsville, Md. August 1979
.—

I

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data

Zytnicli, P. II.

Podiatry workforcc.

(Vital and health st~tistics : Series 14, Data frt)m the Xat ional Iicallh Sur\c}; N(). 22)

(DIIIi\V publication : (PI IS) 79- 1817)

1. Podiatrists- United States–Statistics. 2. I’(~diatric assistants--United States-Statistics.

I. Z> tnick, P. Hannah Dtitris. joint author. 11. Stant, JQnncth IV., joint a~ithor. III. Title.

IV. Series: United States. National Center for Health St:ltistics. Vital and health statistics :

Series 14, Data from the National Health Suricy, Dat~t on health resourc-cs, manpower, and

facilities ; Ilo. 22. V. Series: United States. Dept. of Iicalth, Ed(lcation, and Welfare.

DHEW pttbliciitif)n ; (PIES) 79-1817. [DNLM: 1. P(jdiatr} --~lu]ll]ower-U] lited States.

W2 .AN148vn no. 22]

IW563.H28 :331.7’61’(i 175850 ()!17:3 78-24464

ISBN 0-8406 -0152-2
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HEALTH STATISTICS

DOROTHY P. RICE, Director

ROBERT A. ISRAEL, Deputy Director

JACOB J. FELDMAN, Ph.D., Associ~te .ZM-ectorfor Analysis

GAIL F. FISHER, Ph.D., Associate Director for the Cooperative Health Statistics System

ROBERT A. ISRAEL, A ctirzg Associate Director for Data Systems

JAMES T. BAIRD, JR., Ph.D., Associate Director for International Statistics

ROBERT C. HUBER, Associate Director for Management

MONROE G. SIRKEN, Ph. D., Associate Director for Mathematical Statistics

PETER L. HURLEY, Associate Director for Operations

JAMES M. ROBEY, Ph.D., Associate Director for Program Development

PAUL E. LEAVERTON, Ph. D., Associate Director for Research

ALICE HAYWOOD, Information Officer

DIVISION OF HEALTH MANPOWER AND FACILITIES STATISTICS

GLORIA KAPANTAIS, Director

SHELDON STARR, Deputy Director

EVELYN MATHIS, ChieJ Health Manpower S tatistics Branch

JOSEPH BARBANO, Chief Health Manpower Statistics Branch

CHARLES CRONER, Ph. D., Chief Technical Services Branch

Vital and Health Statistics-Series 14-No. 22

DHEW Publication No. (PHS)79-1817

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 78-24464
CONTENTS

Intr,,duction ............................................................................................ ...............................................

;\!+,I., Raw, ;ind Spanish Heritage .......................................................................................................... ...

i’, ,It,tn, t,f I?{ti,,nt CJrc ................................... ............................................... .......................................

\’,,I,l,llc omi ,i!<d [}f Patitmts ................................................................................................... ...... .....

$’, Jui,t, t,f Patient I’isits and Treatment Setting ...............................................................................

l’IifiI, Ir\ (’lit,!,. ,1 ,}t. fi~; ltf ........................................................................................................................

,’l: {.. ,.,J’ pL, tl, .*f *;$,~ . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........

S,,s t.,f r,ul;.ltrist ...............................................................................................................................

[ k t,l /\ssisl.3nts ...............................................................................................................................

. .

llf, .,1! l’Ju,-,n}tt:r of Ilt., r.srs\VorlA m Patient Care ................................................................................

,.. . .

:i, m,!,, 11,-y ( ,Illllc-.,l Actlvlty ...............................................................................................................

% ,,i,:t,+ tl.w,dJy Rcndcrcd ................................................................................................................

I It,2 ,Iii d 211tI/cIr ( TIinic I’rivilt+cs ........................................................................................................

J’1,,ILI( t-k SCIICWI(,f Graduation .........................................................................................................

( ~cttgr.,pllic Rcyicrn ............................................................................................................ .. ..............

)’rirwipd I~,,r-m,tf Employment ..............................................................................................................

k’rimwy CXi,licid:\ctivity and Age ............................................................................................ .........

tfSLi LIi’ ,ksi~tants .............................................................................. .................................................

hl~.in N!umbcr Hours tVorked in Patient Care ......................... .. .........................................................

S, TVieM Usu;iUy Msdered .......................... ......................................................................................

t~nl!.o,(, ,.,f )’ajicnt Visits and Treatment Setting ...............................................................................

( ;,., ,~:(.,!l,l{ir Rty:inn ............................................................................................................................

Ji.tttf Tju,tdmd Tahlcs ..........................................................................................................................

:ll,iumili~cs . .

(i.

13.

c.

Es.

Ii.

I. ]kscription nf Survey Methodology ..........................................................................................

i r. Dcfinitirms ................................................................................................................................

JII. Fncsimile of Survey Questionnaire ............................................................................................

LIST OF TEXT TABLES

NumJwr and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by race and Spanish

htvit:,~e, according to age: United States, 1974 ................................................................ .......

LI.S. resident population, number of patients seen by podiatrists the week prior to survey, and

mmtrcr per 100,000 population, by age of patient: United States, 1974 .................................

Nuulb,:c ~lld ~,erccnt distribution of patients seen the week prior to surveY by age of Podiatrist

pr, widing patient care, according to age of patient: United States, 1974 .................... .... .........

Numbt-r and percent distribution of patient visits the week prior to survey by treatment setting

in ~vhich patient received care, according to age of podiatrist providing patient care: United

Statl?+, 1974 ..............................................................................................................................

NTJ~IIkWr:anrl percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by primary clinical activity, ~ccrrrdirsg to age: United States, 1974 .................. .............................. ...............................

1

2

3

3

3

4

4

4

5

6

7

7

9

9

11

11

12

13

15

18

20

20

23

24

36

39

41

2

3

3

4

5

...

Ill
F.

G.

H.

J.

K.

L

M.

N.

o.

P.

Q.

R

s.

T.

u.

w.

Y.

z.

AA.

BB.

Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by primaq clinical activity, according to sex and age: United States, 1974 ...................................................................

Number and percent dk.tribution of podiatrists providing patient care by use of assistants,

according to primary CWICSIactivity: United States, 1974 ......................................................

Mean number of assistants used by podiatrists providhg patient care, by primary clinical

activity and age of podiatrist: United States, 1974 ..................................................................

Mean number of hours worked by podiatrists providing patient care the week prior to survey,

by pnmsuy clinical activity and age: United States, 1974 ........................................................

Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by secondary clinical

activity, according to primary clinical activity: United States, 1974 ........................................

Percent of podiatrists providing patient care by age, primary clinicaf activity, and services

usually rendered: United States, 1974 .....................................................................................

Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by access to hospital

and/or clinic facilities, according to primary c~micsl activity, according to age: United States,

1974 .................................................................................................................................... .....

Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by primary clinical

activity, according to college of po~latfic medicine: United States, 1974 ................................

Percent dktribution of podiatrists providkg patient care under age 35 and 55 years and over by

primary clkiicaI activity, according to college of podiatxic medicine in operation in 1974:

United States, 1974 ..................................................................................................................

Number of podiatrists providing patient care by geographic region of practice, age, and primary

clinical activity: United States, 1974 .......................................................................................

Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by primary clinical activity, according to geographic region of practice and age: United States, 1974 ...........................................

Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by principal form of employment, primary

clinical activity, and age: United States, 1974 ..........................................................................

Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by principaf form of employment,

according to primary cliNcal activity and age: United States, 1974 ........................................

Mean number of assistants used by podiatrists providing patient care in each primary clinical

activity, by principal form of employment: United States, 1974 .............................................

Percent of podiatrists providing patient care who use 1 assistant or more, by principal form of

employment, prinmy cliical activity, and age of podiatist: United States, 1974 ..................

Mean number of hours of patient care provided by podiatrists the week prior to survey, by

principal form of employment, primary clinical activity, and age: United States, 1974 ...........

Percent of podiatrists providing patient care, by principal form of employment, primary clinical

activity, and services usually rendered: United States, 1974 ....................................................

Number and percent distribution of patient visits the week prior to survey by treatment setting,

according to podiatrist’s principal form of employment: United States, 1974 .........................

Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by geographic region of practice, age, and pMcipal form of employment: United States, 1974 ......................................................................

Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by age and principal form of employment, according to geographic region of practice: United States, 1974 ....................................

5

6

6

6

7

8

10

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

16

17

18

20

21

22

iv
I 1

The reader should note that numbers contained in this report are independently

rounded and may not add to totals. Percents are also independently rounded and

may not always add to 100.0. Rates, including of course percents, are usually

calculated on the basis of original unrounded figures and may not agree with

rates calculated from rounded data.

I I
SYMBOLS

Data not available--–------––-—--—–– ---

Category not applicable-------–----— -------- . . .

Quantity zero--------–----------------–----—- -

Quantity more than Obut less than 0.05—- 0.0

Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision--—---------—--—- *

vi
PODIATRY WORKFORCE:

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE

PROVISION OF PATlENT CARE

P. Hannah Davis Zytnick, Kenneth W. Stant, and Joseph P. Barbano

Division of Heilth Manpower and Facilities Statistics

INTRODUCTION

The mission of the National Center for

Health Statistics includes the collection, analysis, and publication of national general-purpose

statistics on personnel employed in health

occupations in the United States and characteristics of their employment. This report is

concerned with the podiatry profession and

presents selected demographic and employment

characteristics of podiatrists who provided

patient care in 1974. These data are the latest

natiord statistics available on podiatrists and are

still considered timely at the date of publication

of this report because the total supply of podiatrists has remained relatively constant over the

past decade, with minimal changes occurring

between 1974 and the publication date of this

report.

This report serves as a statistical reference of

podiatrists providing patient care in the United

States in 1974. The information in it is useful to

health planners and educators in evaluating

existing legislative and educational programs,

planning new ones, and assessing policies concerning the delivery of podiatric care. Researchers, planners, and program and policy ewduators

should find the report useful for ascertaining

the demographic and employment characteristics of these patient care providers.

The data were obtained from a survey of the

Nation’s

National

licensed podiatrists conducted” by the

Center for Health Statistics in cooperation with the American Podiatry Association

between October and December 1974. A full

description of the methodology used for the

1974 Survey of Licensed Podiatrists is presented

in appendix I. Appendix II provides the definitions of selected terms used in this report, while

appendix III presents a copy of the survey’s

questionnaire.

Preliminary results of the 1974 Survey of

Licensed Podiatrists have been published. 1-3

The final results are being disseminated in three

reports. The first report is a general profile of

active podiatrists presenting their demographic

and employment characteristics.4 The second

report compares data from a survey of licensed

podiatrists conducted in 1970 with data from

the 1974 survey. 5 The report examines changes

in the demographic profile of the podiatrist,

their characteristics of clinical practice, and the

volume and nature of clinical care. This report,

the third and last in the series, updates a 1970

report from Vital and Health Statistics entitled

“Podiatry Manpower: Characteristics of CIinical Practice, United States, 1970.” Both focus on

active podiatrists who provide patient care. A

comparison of the data from the two reports

should serve to show past trends in the profession. Data from these two publications should

also enabIe users to project future supply and

trends in the profession.

There were 8,261 podiatrists licensed in the

United States in 1974, 7,120 of whom were

active in the profession. Of these, 7,085 usually

1
provided patient care. Topics in this report include the age distribution of these podiatrists,

their primary clinical activities, and their principal forms of employment.

AGE, RACE, AND SPANISH HERITAGE

Slightly more than half of the podiatrists

are 45-64 years of age (see table A). The percents of podiatrists in the age groups under 35

and 65 years and over are 18 and 12, respectively, indicating that young podiatrists are adequately replacing those reaching retirement age.

However, the number of podiatrists who entered

the profession during the 20 years prior to 1974

must have been less than the number who entered previous to that time, since the total number of podiatrists under 45 years of age is smaller

than the total number of podiatrists aged 45-64.

(Slightly more than one-third of the podiatrists

are under age 45.)

In 1974 the podiatric profession was comprised of 96 percent white, 3 percent black, and

1 percent other races. In the age group under 35

years, black podiatrists constituted less than 1

percent of the profession, compared with 5 percent for the age group 65 years and over. Apparently young black podiatrists are not replacing

those reaching retirement age.

In comparison with the proportion of black

people in the population of the United States,

black podiatrists are underrepresented in the

profession. The U.S. resident population of

working age (21-65 years) is composed of 88.3

percent white, 10.2 percent black, and 1.5 percent other races, a distribution which is quite

dissimilar to that of podiatrists.6

Among the 82 podiatrists of Spanish origin

or descent, there is a fairly even percent distribution by age through age 64. Between 18 and

28 percent of the practitioners fall in each group.

However, only 9 percent of the Hispanic practitioners are in the age category 65 years and

over.

Table A. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by race and Spanish heritage, according to age: United

States, 1974

Race and Spanish heritage

Total ...........................................................................................

White

Black IEjl:j;:IllIIIj: J:IIIjRl:;JIIIIljJJEIIlIllII::jIljjIIIuJRIIl:IIJljjIjjJ:ljllnlJjjj:lllJ;lJjIIIl~llIlIjjlj

Other races .................................................................................................

Spanish heritage ..........................................................................................

Not of Spanish heritage ..............................................................................

Total ...........................................................................................

White ..........................................................................................................

Black ..........................................................................................................

Other races .................................................................................................

Spanish heritage ..........................................................................................

Not of Spanish heritage ..............................................................................

Number

I~

7,085 1,286 1,156 1,897 1,867 869

6,823 1,278 1,115 1,810 1,796 824

223 11 26 74 68 43

39 7 14 13 3 2

82 17 15 23 21 7

7,003 1,279 1,141 1,874 1,846 862

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0

*

96.3 98.6 96.5 95.4 96.2 94.8

3.1 0.8 2.2 3.9 3.6 4.9

0.6 0.5 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.2

100.0 20.7 18.3 28.0 25.6 8.6

100.0 18.3 16.3 26.8 26.4 12.3

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

2
VOLUME OF PATl ENT CARE

Volume and Age of Patients

Proportionally more older people avail themselves of the services of podiatrists than younger

people do (see table B). For every 100,000

people in the general population, those 65 years

of age and over see podiatrists with approximately 10 times the frequency of those 16 years

of age and under and with almost 4 times the

frequency of those 17-64 years of age. This large

difference is not surprising since foot problems

become more prevalent as people grow older.

Although patients 16 years of age and under

tend to see younger doctors (80 percent use

podiatrists under age 55), there is no marked

difference in the age of podiatrists used by

patients in the other two age groups (see table

C). Sixty-nine percent of the patients 17-64

years of age see podiatrists under age 55, compared with 66 percent of the patients 65 years

and over.

Volume of Patient Visits and

Treatment Setting

As may be seen from table D, there is an increase in the podiatrist’s office as a treatment

setting with the increasing age of the podiatrist.

Conversely, hospital and clinic treatment settings decrease with increasing age of the podiatrist. Podiatrists under 35 years of age experience

Table B. U.S. resident population, number of patients seen by podiatrists the week prior to survey, and number per 100,000 population,

by age of patient: United States, 1974

Ages

All ages..............................................................................................................

16 years and under ............................................................................................................

17-64 years ........................................................................................................................

65 years and over ...............................................................................................................

1U.S. Bureau of the Census (see reference 6).

Number

U.S. resident Number of of patients

population patients per 100,000

population

Table C. Number and percent distribution of patients seen the week prior to survey by age of podiatrist providing patient care,

according to age of patient: United States, 1974

Age of podiatrist

Age of patient All

patients Under 3544 45-54 55-64 65 years

35 years years years years and over

Number of patients

Total

““”:1::::1: z“ ~

16 years and under ......................................................................

17-64 years..................................................................................

65 years and over

Percent distribution

Total ........................................................................... 100.0 19.5 19.8 29.8 23.8 7.2

F

16 years and under ,,,,,.,...,,.... ...................................................... 100.0 26.8 23.8 29.1 16.3

17-64 years

3.9

.................................................................................. 100.0 19.9 19.8 29.6 23.5

65 years and over ........................................................................

7.2

100.0 16.6 18.7 30.3 26.3’ 8.1

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding,

3
Table D. Number and parcent distribution of patiant visits the week prior to survey by treatment setting In which patient I ecL,Ived MI I,,

according to age of podiatrist providing patient care: United Statesr 1974

Treatment setting

Total ............................ .................................... ...... .....

Of fica ................................. .. .......................................................

Hospital inpatient .......................... ...................................... ........

Hospital outpatient .....................................................................

Clinic ....... .............. ......................................................................

Nursing home ..............................................................................

School for the handicapped .............................. ...........................

Patient’s home .......................................................... ...................

Other ...........................................................................................

Total .......................... .................................................

Off ice .......... ................................................................................

Hospital inpatient ............................. ..................... ......................

Hospital outpatient ................................ .....................................

Clinic ................................................................. ........ .. ................

Nursing home ............ ........................ ..........................................

School for the handicapped .........................................................

Patient’s home .............................................................................

Other .......................................... .................................................

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

a larger percent of patient visits in hospitals,

clinics, and nursing homes than podiatri&s in

any other age group do.

PRIMARY CLINICAL ACTIVITY

Of the 7,085 podiatrists providing patient

care in 1974, almost all (95 percent) specialized in general practice or surgery (see appendix

II for definitions). The podiatrist’s primary

clinical activity with regard to selected variables is discussed below. Tables 1 and 2 provide

detailed data on primary clinical activity by

selected characteristics.

Age of Podiatrist

Age Of p~dldtrlst

All

visits Under 3544 45-54 55-64 65 vials

35 years years years years and CIvtv

Number of patient visits

N ‘i i ‘i ‘R;

Percent distribution

100.0

84.2

3.1

2.3

2.9

5.9

0.3

1.0

0.3

100.0

—

75.9

4,0

4.6

6.9

7.2

0.3

0.6

0.4

100.0

84.3

3.2

2.6

3.2

5.3

0.4

0.6

0.4

100.0

—

86.7

3.4

1.5

75

5.4

cr.3

1.1

0.1

1000

—.———

W 2

16

18

ICI

b4

01

16

04

.<

in the “other” category of l~riln.wy ( Ii;li!-,[1 .K-[ii

ity show no relatirjn to age (xc i.;h[~ i{).

Txvo out of 3 podiatrists LIndcr J:;C 3!r ~l~li L{

that general practice is their IJ)im:ll-y LIini{.11

activity, 1 in 4 indicated s[115cI-}, Jnd ,ibo[ll 1 III

20 specified other as th~i] !I]ili,(t, I Ii)]i( II

activity. For pocii~tris.ts 65 jJti.Ll-\,[tld , ,!J,:l, !):

percent considm-cd gcncrd [Jl”.1{’[k’(. .[II(I , )11[) ‘~

percent surgery as their primq t lini{.~[ .I, [ifil >.

Clearly the young ~fJdiUtli>t ii lII(J I-L’ ]ikt l:, [!)

specialize in surgery thim is hih OILIUYLQI!U1L111.11-I.

Sex of Podiatrist

Two out of 3 femdc podiut~-isis LI]-L -15-(I }

years of age, compw-cd \vith (JllI~ I oiIt 1,1 -1

males. Since UnlV 8 Dct-cent I-Jf LhU fcII-I.111 IJI )cii,l -

The proportion of podiatrists whose primary

. .

trists arc under 45 years {~[ .L;+C,it i~ tlc,:r tlI, I[

clinicaJ activity is general practice increases with unless substantially m(Jr~ fClllJ~LS cntul- (IIC III IIIncreasing

tnsts who

4

age; wh-ile the” proportion of podiaspecialize in surgery steadily declines

fession in

will be a
Table E. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists

providing patient care by primary clinical activity,

according to age: United States, 1974

Table F. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists

providing patient care by primary clinical activity,

according to sex and age: United States, 1974

—

Primary clinical activityl AH

podiatrists

Age Sex and age

Number

5,934 776

5,663 771

874 335

875 213

1,591 138

1,608 60

735 25

251 6

10 2

10 1

65 1

99

67 1

Number

Total ..........

It7,085 5,934 776

1,296 864 337

1,166 885 214

1,897 1,655 139

1,867 1,707 60

869 802 26

374 Total .......... 7,085 374

Under 35 years ..........

35-44 years ................

45-54 years ...,,....,,..,,.

55-64 years ................

65 years and over .......

74

56

103

101

40

Male ................ 6,814 360

Under 35 years ..........

3544 years ................

45-54 years ................

55-64 years ................

65 years and over .......

1,283

1,144

1,822

1,763

801

271

75

56

94

94

40

14

Percent distribution

Under 35 years ‘~=Hm ..........

35-44 years

45-54 years ................

55-64 years ................ .

65 years and over ....... .

Female ............

Under 35 years ..........

35-44 years ................

45-54 years ................

55-64 years ................

65 years and over .......

12

11

75

104

68

9

6

Isek. ~PPendiS 11for definition. Percent distribution

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

worth noting that femzdes represent only 3 percent of podiatrists under 65 years of age, whiIe

in the U.S. resident population of working age

in 1974 females comprise 51 percent.

The distribution of female podiatrists by

primary clinical activity (see table F) shows

that proportionately more females than males

list general practice as their primary clinical

activity. In addition, proportionately fewer

fsmxde than male podiatrists specialize in surgery

in each age category.

Use of Assistants

Tables 3 and 4 contain detailed data on the

number of full-time and part-time assistants employed by podiatrists in each of the different

primary clinical activities. Assistants include

medically trained personnel, such as nurses, and

ncmrnedical help, such as receptionists. Part-time

assistants are those working less than 35 hours

per week, and full-time assistants are those workTotal .......... 100.0 83.8 11.0 5.3

Male ................ 100.0 83.4 11.3 5.3

Under 35 years ..........

35-44 years ................

45-54 years ................

55-64 years ................

65 years and over .......

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

68.1

76.5

87.3

91.2

91.8

92.6

26.1

18.6

7.6

3.4

3.1

2.2

5.8

4.9

5.2

5.3

5.0

5.2

Under 35 years .... ......

35-44 years ................

45-54 years .,...........,..

55-64 years ................

65 years and over .......

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

83.3

90.9

86.7

95.2

98.5

16.7

9.1

1.3

1.5

12.0

5.8

1see appendix H for definition.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

employ some assistants (either medical or nonmedical, full or part time), while only 70 percent of the general practitioners and 78 percent

of the other podiatrists use them.

The overall mean number of assistants used

begins to decrease at age 45 (see table H). This

;ng 35 hours or more per week.

T[~ble G shows that 93 percent of

trists whose primary clinical activity

ap~lies regardless of the primati cIinical activity.

Surgeons use a

every age than

the podiais surgery

larger ;umbe; of assistants at

the rest of the podiatrists do.

5
Table G. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists

providing patient care by use of assistants, according to

primary clinical activity: United States, 1974

Use of

office assistants

I

Number

‘“’a’””””””””””””””” fa-%t%i

Uses none ..................

Uses some .................. ,

I

Percent distribution

Uses none ‘“’a’””-””””””””-”””la ..................

Uses some ..................

lAss~tants are medical and nonmedlcal, full and Part time.

2~ee appendix II for definition o

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

Table H. Mean number of assistants used by podiatrists

providing patient care, by primary clinical activity and age

of podiatrist: United States, 1974

Age

All ages ...........

Under 35 years ..........

35-44 years ................

45-!54 years ................

55-64 years ................

65 years and over .......

All

tlPrimary clinical :

podiatrists General Surgery

practice

1.8II 1.6 I 3.3

2.4 2.9

::; 2.5 3.8

1.8 ,1.7 2.8

1.3 1.2 3.9

0.7 0.6 1.3

ivity 1

Other

1.8

2.3

2.3

2.1

1.2

0.7

1See appen~lx H for definition.

The smallest difference occurs among those

under 35 years of age, where surgeons use 2.9

assistants on the average, general practitioners

2.4, and other podiatrists 2.3. The largest difference occurs for those 55-64 years of age,

since surgeons use 2.7 more assistants than

general practitioners or other podiatrists do.

Mean Number of Hours Worked

in Patient Care

Generally, the mean number of hours

devoted to patient care the week prior to the

survey decreases with increasing agc of the

podiatrist. However, this relationship weakens

when primary clinicaI activity enters into the

comparison (see table J). (Tables 5 and 6 provide detailed data on hours of patient care

provided by selected characteristics.) For

podiatrists in general practice, there is a downward trend in hours worked as age incrcaws.

General practitioners under 35 years of age provided 39 hours of patient care, whereas general

practitioners 65 years and over provided only

28 hours. This difference is not as striking for

surgeons. Those under 35 years of age worked

41 hours in patient care, while surgeons 65 years

and over provided 39 hours of patient care.

For the other group, podiatrists 55 years and

over provided a lower mean number of hours of

patient care than those under 55 years. The

decrease is exceedingly large for those 65

years and over, since these podiatrists provided

only 26 hours of patient care compared with 34

for the total other group.

In conclusion, podiatrists having the primary

clinical activity of general practice or other

show a substantial decline in hours of patient

care between younger (under 35 years) and

older (65 years and over) podiatrists, Surgeons,

however, experience onIy a slight decline in the

mean number of hours of patient care they provide as their age increases, ranging from 41 hours

for the age group under 35 years to 38 for the

group 65 years and over.

Table J. Mean number of hours worked by podiatrists providing

patient care the week prior to survey, by primary clinical

activity and age: United States, 1974

“e 1~ik=r= 11 1

All ages ...........

Under 35 years ..........

3544 years ................

45-54 years ................

55-84 years ................

65 years and over ....... 1‘

36.9 37.7 39.7

39.3 39.1 41.0

38.9 39.1 38.7

38.5 38.6 39.4

36.4 36.6 38.0

28.0 27.8 38.5

1 It I

34.1

-

35.0

36.2

36.2

32.9

26.0

Isee appendix II for definition.

6
Secondary Clinical Activity

Of the 7,085 podiatrists providing patient

care, 84 percent indicated that generaI practice

was their primary activity. The data in table K

show that general practitioners listed surgery

most often (45 percent) as their secondary

clinical activity. For surgeons, the two most

popular secondary clinical activities were general

pructice and foot orthopedics or biomechanics,

with approximately equal percents of surgeons

listing each. Most podiatrists with a primary

clinical activity of foot orthopedics or biomcchanics Iisted surgery as their secondary

clinical activity. Finally, podogeriatricians Iisted

general practice most often as their secondary

activity.

In summary, 6,387 podiatrists, or 9 out of

10 practitioners who provide patient care, listed

general practice as either a primary or secondary

clinical activity. Surgery was listed either as a

primary or secondary clinical activity by half

the podiatrists, foot orthopedics or biomechanics

by 1 in 3, and podogeriatrics by 1 in 10.

Services Usually Rendered

The frequency with which services are

offered by general practitioners generally decreases with increasing age of the podiatrist

except for podiatrists under 45 years. For these

podiatrists, no discernible pattern of frequency

of services is apparent. Surgeons, on the other

hand, offer only two services at a decreasing rate

with increasing age (hospital surgery and ultraviolet lamp treatment) (see table L). Surgeons in

the older age categories offer many of the

services as frequently or even more frequently

than their younger counterparts. This is rarely

the case for nonsurgeons. For example, nearIy

100 percent of the general practitioners and

other podiatrists under age 45 offer X-ray services. This frequency drops to under 90 percent

for general practitioners 45-54 years and to

Table K. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by secondary clinical activity, according to primary

clinical activity: United States, 1974

*

Primary clinical activityl

Ail

Secondary clinical activity podia- General Foot ortho- Podotrists practice Surgery pedics or geri- Other

biomechanics atrics

Number

Total ................................................................................. 7,085 5,934 776 247 103 24

General practice ................................................................................

Surgery

453 340 64 43 6

............................................................................................. 2,823 2,676 122 18 7

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics .................................................... 1,943 1,570 350 21 2

Podogeriatrics ................................................................................... 624 575 25 24 -

Other ................................................................................................ 214 169 18 13 7 7

Norm ................................................................................................. 1,028 945 43 25 14 1

Total .................................................................................

General practice ................................................................................

Surgery ,,, .,.,,,,,,,,.,,., ..........................................................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics ....................................................

Podogeriatrics ...................................................................................

Other ................................................................................................

None .................................................................................................

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0—

6.4 43.8 25.9

39.9 45.1 49.4

27.5 26.5 45.1

8.8 9.7 3.2 9.7

3.0 2.8 2.3 5.3

14.5 15.9 5.5 10.1

100.0 —

41.7

17.5

20.4

6.8

13.6

100.0 —

25.0

29.2

8.3

29.2

4.2

1see ~ppendi~ II for definition.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.
Table L. Percent of podiatrists providing patient care by age, primary clinical activity, and services usually rendered:l United States,

1974

Primary clinical activity2

and services usually rendered

All primary clinical activities

Total ...............................................................................

Palliative services............................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics ..........................................................

Prescription of drugs.......................................................................

X-ray services..................................................................................

Physical tharapy treatment .............................................................

Office surgery .................................................................................

Whirlpool traatment .......................................................................

Ultrasonic heat ...............................................................................

Fitting special shoes........................................................................

Hospital surgery..............................................................................

Low-voltage traatment ....................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatmant .............................................................

Diathermy heat...............................................................................

Other services.................................................................................

General practice

Total ...............................................................................

Palliative sewices ............................................................................

Orthopedics or Momechanics ..........................................................

Prescription of drugs.......................................................................

X-ray sarvices..................................................................................

Physical therapy treatment .............................................................

Office surgery ..................................................0...... ........................

Whirlpool traatmant .......................................................................

Ultrasonic heat ...............................................................................

Fitting spatial shoes........................................................................

Hospital surgery..............................................................................

Low-voltage treatment ...................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatmant .............................................................

Diathermy heat ...............................................................................

Other services.................................................................................

Surgary

Total ...............................................................................

Palliative sarvices..................o.........................o.o.................o...........

Orthopedics or biomechanics ..........................................................

Prescription of drugs.......................................................................

X-ray services..................................................................................

Physical therapy treatment .............................................................

Office surgery .................................................................................

Whirlpool treatment .......................................................................

Ultrasonic heat ................ ..............................................................

Fitting special shoes........................................................................

Hospital surgery..............................................................................

Low-voltaga traatment ...................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatmant ....o........................................................

Diathermy haat...............................................................................

Other services.................................................................................

All

podiatrists

100.0

97.7

91.5

89.8

82.5

82.4

80.7

71.6

68.1

52.0

39.4

32.8

30.0

25.1

23.3

100.0

98.6

91.1

88.9

80.8

81.8

79,0

71.7

66.5

53.9

35,2

33.1

30.0

25.0

21.9

100.0

92,5

94.8

97.6

96.7

88.8

96.0

74.0

81.4

37.5

73.2

28.7

31.1

26.5

33.1

Under

35 years

100.0

96.9

97.7

99.2

97.8

90.5

97.1

75.9

79.3

45.2

70.5

22.4

24.3

19.5

30.5

100.0

99.0

98.6

99.3

98.6

91,9

98.5

78.1

80.8

49.5

67.1

21.6

24.5

19.5

30,8

100.0

91.1

95.5

99.1

97.0

87.8

94.4

70.9

75.7

33.5

82.5

22.3

24.6

20.2

30.6

35-44

years

100,0

98.4

97.7

98.3

97.1

92.5

96.5

80.3

85.6

52.8

59.3

30.0

35.6

24.4

28.7

100.0

99.4

97.9

98.5

97.0

93.0

95.9

82.0

85.6

57.6

56.4

31.0

34.7

23.3

27.8

100.0

93.9

96.7

97.2

97.7

91.6

98.1

74.8

87.4

34.6

72.0

24,8

39.3

29.4

32.7

Age

45-54

years

100.0

97.8

94.6

94.0

87.0

85.5

84.6

76.6

71.0

58.6

37.4

39.2

32.6

25.4

23.6

100.0

98.8

95.0

94.3

86.9

85.6

84.2

77.2

70.3

60.2

36.0

39.5

32.9

25.2

22.0

100.0 —

90.6

94.2

96.4

96,4

91.4

97.1

78.4

87.8

44.6

61.9

40.3

36.0

33.1

36.0

55-64

years

100.0

98.7

90.1

86.3

74.1

78.6

71.1

67.6

57.7

55.3

21.0

38.2

30.5

28.4

19,4

100.0

99.0

90.1

86.2

73.2

78.5

70.3

67.7

57.1

55.2

19.6

37.4

30.6

29.1

18.2

100.0

96.7

86.7

93.3

91.7

80.0

95.0

70.0

76.7

50.0

60.0

46.7

28.3

28.3

40.0

65 years

and over

100.0

96.0

70,4

62.5

48.4

58,6

47.6

51.3

44.0

39.8

10.0

26.4

24.1

24.7

12.6

100.0

96.4

69.3

61.2

46.8

57.5

46.4

50.4

42.4

38.8

8.6

26.4

24.2

24.2

13.1

100.0

96.2

92,3

96.2

96.2

84.6

96.2

88.5

64.6

42.3

53.8

46,2

26.9

42.3

38.5

See footnotes at end of table,

8
Table L. Percent of podiatrists providing patient care by ege, primary clinical activity, and services usually renderad:l United States,

1974–Con.

Primary clinical activity2

and sarvices usually rendered

Othar

Total ...............................................................................

Palliative services ....................................... .................... .... .... .... .... .

Orthopedics or tiomechanics .................. .......................... ..............

Prescription of drugs ....... ............................................ ................ ....

X-ray services...................!,.............................................................

Physical therapy treatment ....................... ............ ...................... .. ..

Office surgery ..................................o.......... .................... ................

Whirlpool treatment .............................................. .... .....................

Ultrasonic heat ................... ...................... ......................................

Fitting special shoes ............................................... .................... .....

Hospital surgery ....................................... .......................................

Low-voltaga treatment ..... ..............................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment ......... ...................................... ..... ..... ....

Diathermy heat ...............................................................................

Other services .................................................................................

All

podiatrists

100.0

94.9

91.4

88.5

81.6

80.0

77.0

66.3

65.2

52.9

34.8

36.9

26,7

23.0

26.6

Under

35 years

100.0

98.6

95.9

98.6

94.6

86.5

94.6

74.3

78.4

47.3

56.8

32.4

20.3

16.2

28.4

35-44

years

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

91.1

98.2

75.0

80.4

46.4

58.9

33.9

35.7

25.0

28.6

approximately 75 percent for general practitioners 55-64 years and for other podiatrists

45-64 years and to about 50 percent for general

practitioners and other podiatrists 65 years and

over, This trend is contrary to that of surgeonsj

where about 90 percent of the surgeons who are

55 years and over offer X-ray services. This

difference between surgeons and other practitioners applies to most of the services that are

offered by the profession. (See tabIes 7 and 8

for the number and percent distribution of

podiatrists by services usualIy rendered according to access to hospitals and/or clinics.)

Hospital and/or Clinic Privileges

The age of the podiatrist is an important

factor regarding whether a practitioner has

hospital and/or clinic privileges (see table M).

Slightly more than 60 percent of the general

practitioners and other specialists age 55 years

and over have neither hospital nor clinic privi:

Ieges, whereas only about 20 percent of these

podiatrists under age 35 fall in this category.

From the data collected in this survey it is not

Age

45-54

years

100.0

92.2

87.4

86.4

75.7

77.7

75.7

66.0

60.2

52.4

26.2

33.0

23.3

17.5

32.0

lser~ces usually rendered ranked in decreasing order by percents of all podiatrists.

2see ~~p~ndix11for definitions.

NOTIM: Figures do not add to 100 percent since a podiatrist may render more than one service.

To calculnte number of podiatrists in each cell, use numbers from table E as bases for the percents.

55-64

years

100.0

93.1

91.1

84.2

78.2

77.2

68.3

64.4

57.4

58.4

22.8

46,5

31.7

32.7

26.7

65 years

and over

100.0

90.0

80.0

67.5

52.5

65.0

40.0

47.5

50.0

60.0

12.5

35.0

22.5

25.0

5.0

possible to determine whether the older podiatrists once had access to hospital and/or clinic

facilities and relinquished them when they

grew older or if they never had hospital and/or

clinic privileges. Surgeons have a greater proportion with such privileges at each age than

the general practitioners and other podiatrists

do. Furthermore the percent of surgeons with

such privileges does not decrease with age.

Podiatric School of Graduation

Of the 7,085 podiatrists who were providing

patient care in 1974, 5,549, or 78 percent,

were graduated from one of the five colleges

of podiatry in the United States conferring the

Doctor of Podiatric Medicine degree in 1974

(see table N). Approximately 12 percent of the

graduates from these colleges indicated surgery

as their primary clinical activity. This is double

the percent for podiatrists who graduated from

all other schools (including foreign institutions

and colleges no longer in operation).

In 1974 considerable variation existed

among the five colleges in the proportion of

9
Table M. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by access to hospital andkm clinic facilities, according to primary clinical activity,l

according to age: United States, 1974

Total Hospital and Hospital privile~s only Clinic privileges only Neithar hospital

clinic privileges nor clinic privilagaa

Age General Surgeons General Surgeons General General General

practitioners

Surgeons

practitioners practitioners

Surg20ns Surgeons

on Iy only practitioners practitioners

and “’other” and “other”

only

and “other”

on Iy

and “other”

only

and “other”

Number

All ages......... 6,308 776 1,575 379 1,355 208 411 28 2,967 184

Under 35 years ............ 958 336 384 195 301

3544 years ................... 942

61

215

11

313 98 270

213

E

48

45-54 years . ................ .. 1,758 139

68 8

441 54

291

372 36

43

55-64 year . .................. 1,807 60

122 4

341 24 295

823 45

15

65 years and aver ......... 843 26

114 3

97

1,058

9 117

18

7 46 1 583 9

Percent distribution

All ages ......... 100.0 100.0 25.0 48.8 21.5 26.5 6,5 3.6 47.0 21.1

Under 35 years ............. 100.0 100.0 35.1 57.9 31.4 24.3

3544 years................... 100.0

6.4

100.0

3.3

22.8 45.8

22.2

28.7

14.2

30.8

46-54 years................... 100.0 100.0

7.2

25.1

3.7

38.8 21.2

30.9

25.9

20.1

56-64 years................... 100.0 100.0

6.9

16.9

2.9

40.0

46.8

16.3 25.0

32.4

85 yearsand over......... 100.0 100.0

6.3

11.5

5.0

34.6 13.9

56,6

26.9

30,0

5.5 3.6 69.2 34.6

lSee appendix 11for definition.

NOTE FUures may not add to totals due to rounding,

their graduates who indicated surgery as their

primary clinical activity. Graduates from Pennsylvania and California Colleges of Podiatric

Medicine were more likely to specialize in

surgery than were graduates from the other

three colleges (24 and 21 percent, respectively,

compared with 11, 14, and 6 percent). Since

surgery as a primary clinical activity is usually

chosen by younger podiatrists, it is not .wrprising that the mean ages of graduates from

Pennsylvania and California Colleges of Podiatric

Medicine are below the average of 48 years for

the 5 schools; 30 years for the Pennsylvania

College and 45 years for the California College.

(Mean ages are not shown.) Correspondingly,

the mean age of graduates of the New York

Table N. Number and percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by primary clinical activity, according to collega of

podiatric medicine: ‘United States, 1974

Ail Primary clinical activityl

College of podiatric medicine podiatrists General Surgery Other

practice

Total ......................................................... 7,085

In operation in 1974 .................................................

Illinois College

5,549

.....................................................

Ohio College

1,517

.......... .............................................. 1,682

New York College ................................................ 1,445

Pennsylvania College .............................. .............. 191

California College ............................................ ..... 713

All other schools ............................... ................ ........ 1,538

Isee ~ppendix 11 for definition.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

Number

5,934

4,554

1,261

1,371

1,275

132

517

1,380

776

685

168

235

85

46

151

91

374

309

89

76

86

12

45

65

All Primary clinical activityl

podiatrists General Surgery Other

practice

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Percent distribution

83.8 I 11.0 I 5.3

82.1

83.1

81.5

88.2

69.1

72.5

89.7

12.3

11.1

14.0

5.9

24.1

21.2

5.9

5.6

::;

6.0

6.3

6.3

4.2

10
Table O. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care under age 35 and 55 years and over by primary clinical activity,

according to college of podiatric medicine in operation in 1974: United States, 1974

n

Primary clinical activityl

Ail primary 1

I

clinical activities II General

College of podiatric medicine r.wactice I

Surgery

I

Other

Under 55 years Under 55 years Under 55 years Under 55 years

35 years and over 35 years and over 35 years and over 35 years and over

Total ..................................... 100.0 100.0 68.1 91.5 26.2 3.4 5.7 5.1

Illinois College ......................................

Ohio College

100.0 100.0 70.5 92.1 24.9 2.2 4.6

100.0

5.7

..... .................................... 100.0 68.1 90.7 27.7 4.1

New York College ....... ..........................

4.1

100.0

5.2

100.0 77.4 93.0 14.5 2.3

Pennsylvania College .............................

8.1 4.7

100.0 100.0 66.9 26.6 6.5

California College ................................. 100.0 100.0 54.5 87.1 38.8 8.4 6.7 4.5

l~cc ~PPcndix 11for definition.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

College of Podiatric Medicine is 50 years and an

ubovc average proportion of them (88 percent)

reported general practice as their primary

clinical activity. (The exceptionally low mean

;tgc of graduates from the Pennsylvania College

of Podiatric Medicine is because the school did

not confer the Doctor of Podiatric Medicine

degree until 1967.)

The California College of Podiatric Medicine appears to place an emphasis on surgery

in its curriculum. Holding age constant and

cxtimining the primary clinical activities of only

podiatrists under age 35 shows that the California College exceeds the other schools in the

proportion of its young graduates who chose

surgery as their primary clinical activity (39

percent compared with a Iow of 15 percent for

graduates from New York College, see table O).

The California College also has the largest

pcrcw-it of graduates age 55 years and over who

chow surgery as their primary clinical activity,

8 pcrccnt compared with 4 percent for the

next highest school. Thus the podiatric school

of graduation and the podiatrist’s age are two

fi~ctors that affect the probability of specialization in surgery.

Geographic Region

As age increases the proportion of podiatrists who chose general practice as their primary

clinical activity increases. This trend is true for

every geographic region. Yet there is some variation between regions in the percent of podiatrists

specializing in each primary clinical activity

which is not explained by differences in age (see

tables P and Q). At almost every age, significantly greater proportions of podiatrists in the

West than any other re@on specialize in surgery.

Among those under 35 years of age, approximately 2 out of 5 are surgeons—the highest

density for any age or region. It is almost 3

times the proportion of surgeons of that age in

the Northeast. Even among older podiatrists, the

West surpasses all other regions in the proportions of podiatrists who specialize in surgery,

although not to as large an extent as in the

younger age categories.

Interestingly, in the last section it was found

that graduates of the California CoIlege of Podiatric Medicine specialize in surgery more than

graduates of any other school. If the California

College of Podiatric Medicine alumni remained

in the West to practice, it would partly explain

the reason for the increased specialization in

surgery in that region.

PRINCIPAL FORM OF

EMPLOYMENT

The characteristics of patient care services

delivered by the podiatrist are affected in some

cases by the practice environment in which care

is rendered. This section discusses the principal

form of employment and its relation to the

11
Table P. Number of podiatrists providing patient care by geographic region of practice, age, and primary clinical activity: United Statas,

Age and primary clinical activity]

1974

All

All podiatrists ...................................................................... ............ .............

General practice ............................................................... .............. ........ .......... ............

Surgew .........................................................................................................................

Other .... ...... ................................................................................................................. .

Under 35 years ..................................................................................................

General practice ...........................................................................................................

Surgery ............................................................................................................. ............

Other .................................................................... ................................... .....................

35-44 years ........................................................... ............................................ .

General practice ...................................................................................... .................... .

Surgery ................................... .......................................................... .......... ..................

Other ..................... ............................................ ...........................................................

45-54 years ........................................................................................................

General practice ................................................... .......... ................ ..............................

Surgery ........................................................................................... ...................... ........

Other .......................................... ..................................................................................

55-64 years ............................................... .........................................................

General practice ...................................................................................... .................. .. .

Surgery ................................................................................................ .........................

Other ............................................................... ................. ............... .... .........................

65 years and ovar .............................. ............................................................ .....

General practice ............................... ................................................................ ............

Surgery ........................................................................................ .......................... .......

Other ...... ......................................................................................................................

1seeappendix11for definition.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

podiatrist’s primary clinical activity, age, use of

assistants, mean number of hours worked in

patient care the week prior to the survey,

services usually rendered, treatment setting

in which they are delivered, and geographic

region of practice. (Tables 9 and 10 provide

detailed data on principal form of employment

by primary clinical activity and podiatric school

of graduation.)

Primary Clinical Activity and Age

Virtually all podiatrists are self-employed

(96.5 percent, see tables R and S). Only 3 percent work in salaried positions. Fourteen percent

egions

7,085

—

5,934

776

374

1,286

884

337

75

1,156

885

214

56

1,897

1,655

139

103

1,867

1,707

60

100

869

802

26

40

Geographic region

~m

m

423 332 288 242

324 213 219 128

65 102 69 101

35 17 9 14

356 336 230 233

m

737 I 604 I 287 I 259

654 526 262 213

38 52 21 29

45 26 14 17

949 428 232 258

878 393 209 227

21 16 8 16

51 19 15 15

411 268 78 112

382 247 74 100

12 7 2 6

17 14 2 7

of the general practitioners work in a partner- .

ship or group practice compared with 31 percent

of the surgeons. In every age group, proportionately more surgeons choose partnership or

group practice than general practitioners do.

However, the younger general practitioners are

choosing partnership or group practice in

ever-increasing numbers, with nearly one-third

under age 35 years in a partnership or group

practice arrangement compared with only 7

percent of the general practitioners 65 years and

over. A similar decreasing trend with age is

noted for surgeons except for those 65 years

and over.

12
Table Q. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by primary clinical activity, according to geographic region of practice

and age: United States, 1974

*

Age and primary clinical activityl

All podiatrists .................................................................................................

General practice ,...,,..,,.,,,.,.,.. .......................................................................................

Surgery .........................................................................................................................

Other ............................................................................................................................

Under 35 years ..................................................................................................

General practice ...........................................................................................................

Surgery .........................................................................................................................

Other ............................................................................................................................

35-44 years ........................................................................................................

General practice ...........................................................................................................

Surgery .........................................................................................................................

Other ............................................................................................................................

45.54 years ........................................................................................................

General practice ...........................................................................................................

Surgery .........................................................................................................................

Other ............................................................................................................................

55-64 years ........................................................................................................

General practice ...........................................................................................................

Surgery .,, ......................................................................................................................

Other ............................................................................................................................

65 years and over...............................................................................................

General practice ...........................................................................................................

Surgery .........................................................................................................................

Other ............................................................................................................................

lSee ~PPendi~ II for definition.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

From the data in this survey it is not possible to determine the reason surgeons 65 years

and over have a larger proportion of practitioners in partnership and group practice than

some of their younger colleagues do. If historical

data were available, it could be determined if

that age group of podiatrists always made ,a

higher use of multiple-practice arrangements

than their younger cohorts.

Use of Assistants

Salaried podiatrists reported the largest

mean number o f assistants, nearly five per

podiatrist (see table T). Regardless of the

All

ragions

100.0

83.8

11.0

5.3

100.0

68.2

26.0

5.8

100.0

76.6

18.5

4.9

100.0

87.3

7.3

5.4

100.0

91.4

3.2

5.4

100.0

92.3

3.0

4.6

Geographic region

Northeast

100.0 —

88,8

5.6

5.7

100.0

76.6

15.2

8.2

100.0

88.6

7.2

4.3

100.0

88.7

;::

100.0

92.5

2.2

5.3

100.0

93.0

2.8

4.2

North

Central

100.0

82.1

13.1

4.8

100.0

64.3

30.6

17.0

100.0

70.6

24.2

5.2

100.0

87.1

8.5

4.4

100.0

91.8

3.7

4.5

100.0

92.2

2.5

5.3

South

100.0

82.5

13.4

4.3

100.0

73.6

23.3

3.1

100.0

74.6

22.5

2.9

100.0

88.3

6.9

4.8

100.0

90.0

3.4

6.6

100.0

94.1

3.0

2.8

West

100.0

75,0

18.7

6.2

100.0

52.6

41.7

5.7

100.0

68.9

23.8

7.3

100.0

82.2

11.1

6.7

100.0

88.3

6.0

5.7

100.0

89.0

5.0

6.0

principal form of employment,

more assistants than podiatrists in general pracmrgeons use

tice or any other primary clinical activity.

Salaried surgeons use eight assistants, the largest

number for any category.

Although salaried surgeons use the largest

mean number of assistants, only 74 percent of

them use any assistants at all, compared with

94 percent of the self-employed surgeons (see

table U). Among self-employed podiatrists,

regardless of primary cIinical activity, larger

percents of practitioners in partnership or

group practices use one or more assistants. For

example, only 7 out of 10 general practitioners

13
Table R. Number of ~odiatrists movidina -. oatient care, bv minciDal form of employment, primary clinical activity, and age: United

“State5r 1974

Primary clinical activityl and age

All primary clinical activities

All ages .........................................................................................

Undar 35 yaars ..............................................................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................... .............................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

General practice

All ages ....................................................... ........................................

Under 35 years .......................................................................................... ....

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ....................... ............................................................ .......

Surgery

All ages ...............................................................................................

Under 35 years ..............................................................................................

35-44 years ............................................................................................ .... ...

45-54 years ................................................................................. ..................

55-64 years ...................................................................................... .............

65 yaars and over ........................................................................... ...............

Other

All ages ...............................................................................................

Under 35 years ..............................................................................................

35-44 years .................................................................................. .................

45-54 years ........................................................................................... ........

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

—

All

podiatrists

7,085

1,296

1,156

1,897

1,867

869

6,934

884

885

1,655

1,707

802

776

337

214

139

60

26

374

75

56

103

100

40

Principal form of employment

Total

self-

?mployad

6,836

1,201

1,120

1,838

1,824

853

6,757

826

854

1,613

1,674

790

735

309

209

134

58

25

344

66

56

91

92

38

Self-employed

solo

practice

5,719

779

877

1,628

1,642

793

4,919

552

684

1,438

1,507

738

497

175

145

107

50

19

303

52

49

83

84

36

Partnership

or group

practica

1,117

422

243

211

182

60

838

274

171

175

167

52

238

133

65

28

8

6

41

14

8

8

8

2

Total

salaried

237

90

36

55

42

14

170

56

31

40

32

12

39

26

5

4

2

1

28

8

11

8

1

1see appendix II for definition.

21ncIu&s 12 podiatristswhose principal form of emPIOYmmtisnot shown.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

use assistants. However, 9 out of 10 general assistants. In the oldest age group, 39 percent of

practitioners in a multiple-practice arrangement the solo practitioners use assistants, compared

use them. The same situation occurs by age. with 83 percent of the partnership or ,group

Among podiatrists aged 45-54 years, 3 out of 4 practitioners.

use assistants. In the age group 55-64 years, 62 Older SO1Oand salaried practitioners do not

percent use assistants. However, among podia- make anywhere near the same use of assistants

trists in these same age groups working in part- as younger ones do. Sixty-four percent of the

nership or group practices, 91 percent use podiatrists age 65 years and overuse no assistants,

14
Table S. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by principal form of employment, according to primary clinical

activity and age: Unitad States, 1974

Primary clinical activityl and age

All primary clinical activities

All ages.........................................................................................

Under 35 years..............................................................................................

35.44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

General practice

Under 35 years..............................................................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ........................................................................... ........................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

Surge,ry

All ages...............................................................................................

Under 36 years..............................................................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

Other

All ages...............................................................................................

Under 35 years..............................................................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

All

podiatrists

100.0 —

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Principal form of employment

Total

self-

;mpl oyad

96.5

92.7

96.9

96,9

97.7

98.2

97.1

93.4

96.5

97.5

98.1

98.5

94.7

91.7

97.7

96.4

96.7

96.2

92.0

88.0

100.0

88.3

92.0

95.0

Self-employed

solo

practice

80.7

60.1

75.9

85.8

87.9

91.3

82.9

62.4

77.3

86.9

88.3

92.1

64.0

51.9

67.8

77.0

83.3

73.1

81.0

69.3

87.5

80.6

84.0

90.0

Partnership

or group

practice

15.8

32.6

21.0

11.1

9.7

6.9

14.2

31.0

19.3

10.6

9.8

6.5

30.7

39.5

30.4

20.1

13.3

23.1

11.0

18.7

14.3

7.8

8.0

5.0

Total

salaried

3.3

6.9

3.1

2.9

2.2

1.6

2.9

6.3

3.5

2.4

1.9

1.5

5.0

7.7

2.3

2.9

3.3

3.8

7.5

10.7

10.7

8.0

2.5

1see appendix II for definition.

‘Includes 12 podiatrists whose principal form of employment is not shown.

NOTE: Figures maynotadd tototals duetoroundhg.

comrmred with onlv 10 Dercent of the solo Mean Number of Hours Worked

practitioners and 20 per;ent of the salaried in Patient Care

podiatrists who are under age 45. Clearly the

~urriculum and emerging so~histication o-f the On the average, podiatrists worked a 37-hour

podiatric profession have encouraged the use of week prior to the survey (see table W). The

~ssistants ‘among more recent graduates

less of principzd form of employment.

regard- variati& in the number of ‘hours worke”d as a

function of the principal form of employment is

15
Table T. Mean number of assistants used by podiatrists

providing patient care in each primary clinical activity, by

principal form of employment: United States, 1974

as much as partnership or group practitioners,

averaging 38, just 1 hour less.

Quite possibly solo practitioners devote a

smaller number of hours to patient care because

of their relatively greater administrative burden,

which utilizes time that otherwise might be

devoted to patient care. In addition, a large

percent of SO1O practitioners are in the upper age

brackets, and older practitioners work fewer

hours. Forty-three percent of all podiatrists in

solo practice are 55 years of age and over, w

compared with only 22 percent of those in other

forms of employment (see table R).

General practitioners under 35 years working in their own businesses provided 39 hours of

patient care the week prior to the survey, compared with 44 hours for salaried general practitioners. For general practitioners in all other age

groups, the differences in hours worked between

self-employed and salaried practitioners arc

insignificant.

Surgeons working as solo practitioners provided 38 hours of patient care the week prior to

the survey, compared with 41 hours for partnership or group practitioners and 44 hours for

salaried surgeons. For every age group except 65

Ail

podiatrists

Prim2

General

practice

1.6

clinical : ivity 1

Principal form

of employment Surgery Other

Total* ............. 1.8 3.3 1.8

Self-amployed ............

Solo practice ........

Partnership or

group practice ....

1.7

1.3

1.6

1.2

3.1

2.3

1.7

1.4

3.9 3.7 4.8 3.9

Salaried ...................... I 4.5 II 3.9 I 8.0 I 2.7

Isee appentix 11 for definition.

*IncIudes 0.8 assistant used in a principal form Of employment not shown.

small, ranging from 36 hours for podiatrists in

solo practice to 39 hours for those in partnership or group practice. Hence, among selfemployed practitioners, podiatrists in partnership or group practice spent slightly more time

in the provision of patient care the week prior to

the survey than their counterparts in solo

practice did. Salaried podiatrists worked almost

Table U. Percent of podiatrists providing patient care who use 1 assistantl or more, by principal form of employment, primary clinical

activity, and age of podiatrist: United States, 1974

Principal form of employment

All

podiatrists

72.8

Self-amployed

Primary clinical activity2 and age of podiatrist

Total

salariad

Partnership

or group

practice

Total

self-

~mployed

72.9

solo

practice

68.8 94.0 71.3

Primary clinical activity

General practice ............................................................................................

Surgery ....................................................... ..................................................

Other ............................................................................................................

69.9

93.0

77.5

91.2

75.6

61.5

38.9

69.8

94.3

78.5

91.8

76.1

61.5

39.2

65.9

92.6

76.2

89.7

74.2

58.3

35.7

92.8

97.9

97.5

97.1

90.5

90.7

83.3

72.4

74.4

67.9

79.4

65.5

66.7

35,7

Age of podiatrist

Under 45 years4 ................................ ............................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ............................................................................. .............. ........

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

lAssistants are medical and nonmedical, full and Pert time.

2See ~PPendix II for definition.

3 Includes percents for 12 podiatrists whose principal form of emP1OYment is not shown.

4Age categories “under 35” and “35-44” are combined because of the similarity of their percents.

16
Table W. Mean number of hours of patient care provided by podiatrists the week prior to survey, by principal form of employment,

primary clinical activity,l and age: United States, 1974

Principal form of employment

All

podiatrists

Self-employed

Primary clinical activityl and age Total

Total

self-

?mployed

Partnership

or group

practice

solo

practice

36.4

All primary clinical activities

All ages.........................................................................................

Under 36 years,..,..,,,,,0,,,, ,,.,,,,,,,.,,,,, ,.............................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-.54 years .......................................................................e.e.........................

55.64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over .................................................. ............ ........ ................ ....

General practice

All ages...............................................................................................

Under 35 years..............................................................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years .....o.............................................................................................

55.64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over .................,!.......................................................................

Surgery

All ages...............................................................................................

Under 35 years................................,.,.0,,!......., ..............................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years ...................................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 years and over ..........................................................................................

Other

All agas...............................................................................................

Under 35 years..............................................................................................

35-44 years ...................................................................................................

45-54 years .....o.............................................................................................

55-64 years ...................................................................................................

65 year.sand over ..........................................................................................

36.9

-

39.3

38.9

38.5

36.3

28.0

37.7

36.6

39.1

38.9

38.5

36.4

28.0

36.7

38.8 37.9

~

42.9

39.0

37.0

30.8

30.3

38.6

38.0

38.6

38.5

36.7

27.8

36.4

41.0

39.5

38.5

35.7

30.8

38.2

37.9

39.0

38.6

36.8

27.5

38.4

40.4

39.1

38.7

35.3

30.6

41.3

43.8

39.0

38.5

35.4

29.7

43.8

45.5

38.7

43.1

38.0

34.2

22.5

28.1

29.0

10.1

4.2

39.1

39.1

38.6

36.6

27.8

39.7

38.8

39.1

38.6

36.6

27.7

39.5

38.9

37.4

38.8

37.9

40.6

34.8

42.3

40.9

39.0

40.1

34.4

37.2

40.9

38.7

39.2

38.2

38.9

34.1

40.4

38.7

39.3

38.2

39.1

35.2

35.6

36.6

37.3

34.3

26.5

39.6

37.8

33.3

39.1

25.5

35.1

37.4

36.3

32.7

25.5

36.5

37.4

37.0

34.7

26.4

Isck. appendix II for definition.

2 Includes h~~rs for I 2 podiatrists whose principal form of employment is not shown.

ysxt~s and over, surgeons insolo practice worked 65 years and over, compared with an 1l-hour

the fewest hours. difference between the two age groups among all

For all podiatrists except surgeons, the mean other practitioners.

number of hours of patient care provided the Podiatrists with an other primary clinical

week prior to the survey generally decreases as activity worked their largest mean number of

a,gc increases. For surgeons there is only a 2-hour hours in partnership or group practice. In pracdifference in the mean number of hours worked tically every age category, the mean number of

by practitioners under 35 years of age and those hours worked in partnership or group practice

17
arrangements either equals or surpasses the num- Services Usually Rendered

ber of hours worked in solo or salaried forms of Of the 14 services usually rendered, a majoremployment. ity (11) are offered most frequently by podiaIt is interesting that podiatrists with an other trists in partnership or group practice arrangcprimary clinical activity worked the fewest mean ments. The only services not rendered most

hours in salaried positions (see table W), whereas often in this type of arrangement are palliative

a larger percent of other podiatrists than of services, fitting special shoes, and other services

general practitioners or surgeons are salaried (see (see table Y).

table S). It seems their primary clinical activity, General practitioners and podiatrists with an

which includes foot orthopedics or biomechan- other primary clinical activity offer their services

ics and podogenatrics, is more amenable to part- with nearly the same frequencies as all podiatime salaried work. trists do. Surgeons are dissimilar to general

Table Y. Percent of podiatrists providing patient care, by principal form of employment, primary clinical activity, and services usually

rendered: 1 United States, 1974

Primary clinical activity2 and services usually rendered

All primary clinical activities

Total .............................. ........................ .................................. ....

Palliative services ...................... ...................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics .......................................... .............................

Prescription of drugs ........................................ ............................................

X-ray services .................................. ..................... ........................................

Physical therapy treatment .... ...................... .................... .............................

Office surgery ...............................................................................................

Whirlpool treatment .............................................................................. .......

Ultrasonic heat ...... ................................................................ .......................

Fitting special shoes .............................................................................. .......

Hospital surgery ........... .............. ................................ .......................... .. ......

Low-voltage treatment .................................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment .............................. ........ .............. ................ .......

Diathermy heat ............................................................................................

Other services ................... ...................................................... ................ ......

General practice

Total ........ ............ ........................................................................

Palliative services .............................................................) ........................ ...

Orthopedics or biomechanics .................................... ...................................

Prescription of drugs ........................................................................ .. ........ ..

X-ray services ...............................................................................................

Physical therapy treatment .......................................................... .. .............. .

Office surgery ...............................................................................................

Whirlpool treatment .............................................................................. .......

Ultrasonic heat ...... .......................................................................................

Fitting special shoes ........ .......................................................................... ...

Hospital surgery ............................... ............................................................

Low-voltaga treatment .................................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment ...........................................................................

Diathermy heat .......................................................... ..................................

Other services ........................ ............................................................... ........

All

oodiatrists3

100.0

97.7

91.5

89.8

82.5

82.4

80.7

71.6

68.1

52.0

39.4

32.8

30.0

25.1

23.3

100.0

98.6

91.1

88.9

80.8

81.8

79.0

71.7

66.5

53.9

35.2

33.1

30.0

25.0

21.9

Principal form of employment

Total

self-

?mployed

100.0

97.9

91.6

89.8

82.7

82.8

81.0

72.0

68.4

51.9

38.9

33.3

30.2

25.2

23.1

100.0

98.6

91.1

88.8

80.8

81.9

79.1

71.9

66.7

53.6

33.1

33.4

30.2

25.1

21.6

Self-employed

solo

practice

100.0

98.0

90.6

88.2

80.1

81.2

78.5

70.2

65.1

51.0

34.2

32.8

28.6

24.2

21.4

100.0

98.5

90.1

87.2

78.2

80.2

76.6

70.1

63.6

52.4

31.0

32.8

28.7

24.2

19.9

Partnership

or group

practice

100.0

97.1

97.0

97.9

96.1

91.2

93.8

81.6

85.0

56.3

63.0

35.6

38.7

30.3

31,5

100.0

99.3

97.3

97,9

95,7

91.9

93.7

82.7

84.8

60.6

45.7

36.8

38.9

30.4

31.7

Total

salaried

100.0

94.9

89.9

91.6

79.7

73.8

73.4

61.6

62.0

58.2

53.2

20.3

23.6

23.6

31.6

100.0

87.1

91.8

92.9

81.2

77.1

75.9

63.5

63.5

65.9

48.2

22.9

27.1

24.1

30.0

See foonotes at end of table.

18
Table Y. Percent of podiatrists providing patient care, by principal form of employment, primary clinical activity, and se~vicesusually

rendered: 1 United States, 1974—Con.

Primary clinical activity2 and services usually rendered

Surgery

Total ...........................................................................................

Palliative services ........................................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics ......................................................................

Prescription of drugs ....................................................................................

X-ray services..............................................................................................

Physical therapy treatment ...........................................................................

Office surgery..............................................................................................

Whirlpool treatment .....................................................................................

Ultrasonic heat .............................................................................................

Fitting special shoes....................................................................................,

Hospital surgery ...........................................................................................

Low-voltage treatment .................................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment ...........................................................................

Diathermy heat ............................................................................................

Other services...............................................................................................

Other

Total ............................................................................................

Palliative services..........................................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics .......................................................................

Prescription of drugs ....................................................................................

X-ray services...............................................................................................

Physical therapy treatment ...........................................................................

Office surgery...............................................................................................

Whirlpool treatment .....................................................................................

Ultrasonic heat .............................................................................................

Fitting special shoes .....................................................................................

Hospital surgery ...........................................................................................

Lowvoltage treatment .................................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment ...........................................................................

Diathermy heat ............................................................................................

Other services...............................................................................................

All

podiatrists

100.0

92.5

94.8

97.6

96.7

88.8

96.0

74.0

81.4

37.5

73.2

28.7

31.1

26.5

33.1

100.0

94.9

91.4

88.5

81.6

80.0

77.0

66.3

65.2

52.9

34.8

36.9

26.7

23.0

26.5

Principal form of employment

Total

selfemployed

100.0

92.9

95.2

97.4

97.1

89.4

97.4

74.4

82.2

38.1

72.0

29.5

31.6

26.3

33.3

100.0

96.2

93.3

90.1

84.0

83.4

79.1

68.6

67.7

52.0

37.8

39.2

28.2

24.7

24.7

Self-employed

solo

practice

100.0

94.0

94.6

96.8

97.0

89.7

98.2

73.2

80.5

36.6

67.0

29.6

28.8

25.4

34.4

100.0

96.4

92.7

89.8

82.5

81.8

78.2

66.0

65.7

51.8

32.3

38.0

26.4

22.8

24.4

Partnership

or group

prectice

100.0

90.3

96.6

98.7

97.5

88.7

95.8

76.9

85.7

41.2

82.4

29.4

37.4

28.2

31.1

100.0

95.1

97.6

92.7

95.1

95.1

85.4

87.8

82.9

53.7

61.0

48.8

41.5

39.2

26.8

Total

salaried

&

100.0

87.2

92.3

100.0

92.3

79.5

74.4

69.2

68.2

25.6

94.9

17.9

20.5

33.5

28.2

100.0

82.1

75.0

75.0

53.6

46.4

57.1

42.9

42.9

57.1

28.0

7.1

7.1

7.1

48.4

1Wvices USUO1lYrendered ranked in decreasing order by percent of all podiatrists.

2~ee ~PPendj~ 11for defirdtkm

a.. .

‘Includes percents for 12 podiatrists whose principal form of employment is not shown. I

NOTE: I~iguresdo not add to 100 percent since a podiatrist may render more than one service.

To calmdtite number of podiatrists in each cell, use numbers from table R as bases for the percents.

practitioners and other podiatrists in the relative quently by surgeons in solo practice or in

lwqucncy with which they render their services. salaried - positions.- It appears that for general

Less than half the services–orthopedics or bio- practitioners and other podiatrists, those in partmcchanics, X-ray services, whirlpool treatment, nership or group practices offer their services

ultrasonic heat, fitting special shoes, and ultra- most frequently. But for surgeons, there is a

viokt lamp treatment—are rendered most often rather equal distribution in the frequencies of

by surgeons in partnership or group practice. services offered by principal form of employThc remaining services are offered most fre- ment. Thus a salaried surgeon or one in SO1O

19
practice, would be as likely to offer a servicers

a surgeon in partnership or group practice would

be, but podiatrists whose primary cliniczd activity is not surgery would be most likely to offer

their services only in partnership or group practice arrangements.

Volume of Patient Visits and

Treatment Setting

Eighty-four percent of all patient visits occur

in the podiatrist’s office, making it by far the

most popular treatment setting (see table Z).

However, the office treatment setting is not

used as much by saIaried podiatrists since only

1 in 5 of their patient visits occur in this setting.

Salaried podiatrists tend to work in hospitals,

with nearly 1 in 2 of their patient visits occurring there, either on an inpatient or outpatient

basis. The clinic is another popular treatment

setting for salaried podiatrists, with 1 in 4 of

their patient visits occurring there. Only 2 percent of the self-empIoyed practitioners’ patient

visits occur in the clinic setting and only 3 percent in the hospital. Nearly 7 out of every 8

patient visits to the seIf-empIoyed practitioner

occur in the office. Nursing homes are almost

equally used for patient visits by podiatrists in

alI principal forms of employment, although

that setting is by no means popular with any of

them. Six percent of the self-employed podiatrists’ patient visits occur in nursing homes and

4 percent of the patient visits to salaried podiatrists occur there.

Geographic Region

Over 80 percent of all podiatrists in the

Northeast and North Central Regions work in

solo practice as compared with only 3 in every 4

in the South and West Regions. The South and

West Regions have larger percents of podiatrists who are salaried or in partnership m- group

Table Z. Number and percent distribution of patient visits the week prior to survey by treatment setting, according to podiatrist’s

principal form of employment: United States, 1974

Treatment setting

Total .........................................................................................

Office ........................................................................................................

Hospital inpatient and outpatient .............................................................

Clinic (nonhospital ) .................................... .............................................

Nursing home ............................................................................................

Other ........................................................................................................

Total .........................................................................................

Office ........................................................................................................

Hospital inpatient and outpatient .............................................................

Clinic ...................o....................................................................................

Nursing home ..................................................................... .......................

Other ............................. .. .......................... ...............................................

—

All

visits2

Principal form of employment

Self-employed I

Number of patient visits

590,933 II 564,358 II 445,460 I 118,899 I 25,526

ZEm

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

84.2 87.1 87.5 85.6 21.0

5.4 3.4 3.1 4.5 47.1

2.9 1.9 1,2 4.5 24.1

5.9 6.0 6.4 4,3 4.2

1.7 1.6 1.7 0.9 3.6

l~ee appendix II for definition.

21ncludes patientvisits for 12 podiatrists whose principal form of employment is not shown.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

20
pmcticc arrangements. However, this distribution does not hold as firmly in the lower age

ciitegories as it does for higher ages (see tables

AA and BB). For podiatrists under 35 years of

uge, the South and West Regions have larger

pwccnts of solo practitioners than the two

northern regions have. But in the age category

35-44 years the two northern regions begin to

have slightly larger percents of solo practitioners and continue to for all the rest of the age

categories. Beginning with age group 35-44 years,

the South has the largest percent of practitioners

in partnership or group practice arrangements

(27 percent). This relationship holds through

all the older age categories. The West follows the

South with the second highest percent of podiatrists in partnership or group practice arrangements in each age category from 45-54 years on.

Table AA. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by geographic region of practice, age, and principal form of

employment: United States, 1974

Geographic region

Aga and principal form of employment

All

regions

NortheastNorth

Central South West

All podiatrists2 .............................................................................................

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

Under 35 years ..................................................................................................

.%df-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

35-44 years ..........o.............................................................................................

Self+ mployed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice .........................................................................................................<.

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

45-54 years ......................................................................................................c.

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Sdlaried .........................................................................................................................

55-64 years ........................................................................................................

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

65 years and over...............................................................................................

St!lf-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

7,085 2,876 I 1,968 1,135 1,105

6,836

5,719

1,117

237

1,296

2,801

2,410

391

70

1,894

1,611

283

69

1,088

839

249

47

298

1,054

859

195

50

423 242 I

332

1,201

779

422

90

1,156

401

247

154

22

300 274

188

87

24

230

225

154

71

16

233

190

110

28

356 336

1,120

877

243

36

1,897

347

275

72

9

330

267

63

7

222

160

62

7

297

221

175

46

6

737 604 259

1,838

1,628

211

55

1,867

718

652

66

16

582 286

230

56

11

232

251

215

37

11

258

530

52

21

949 428

1,824

1,842

182

42

869

932

855

77

16

416

380

36

12

228

191

37

4

78

249

217

32

9

411 I 268 112

853

793

60

14

402 I 265 77

70

7

1

108

99

9

5

380 244

22 22

7 4

lSL,U~PPendix II for definition.

21nclude5 12 POfiiatrists whose principal form of empbYment is not shown.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

21
Table BB. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by age and principal form of employment, according to geographic

region of practice: United States, 1974

Geographic region

Age and principal form of employment

AH podiatrists2 .............................................................................................

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

Under 35 years ..................................................................................................

Self-ampl eyed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

partnership or group Practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

35-44 years ........................................................................................................

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salariad ........................................................................................................................

45-54 years ........................................................................................................

self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

55-64 years ........................................................................................................

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practice ..................................................................................

Salaried ........................................................................................................................

65 years and over...............................................................................................

Self-employed ..............................................................................................................

Solo practice ...........................................................................................................

Partnership or group practica ..................................................................................

Salariad ........................................................................................................................

All

regions

NortheastNorth

Central South West

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

96.5

80.7

15.8

3.3

100.0

97.4

83.8

13.6

2.4

100.0

96.2

81.9

14.3

3.5

100.0

95.9

73.9

21.9

4.1

100.0

95.4

77.7

17.6

4.6

100.0

92.7

60.1

32.6

6.9

100.0

96.9

75.9

21.0

3.1

100.0

94.8

58.4

36.4

5.2

100.0

97.4

77.2

20.2

2.5

100.0

90.4

57.2

33.1

8.4

100.0

98.2

79.5

18.8

2.1

100.0

91.9

63.1

29.2

8.1

100.0

96.5

69.6

27.0

3.0

100.0

93.0

63.6

28.3

6.6

100.0

94.8

75.1

19.7

2.6

100.0

96.9

83.0

14.3

4.2

100.0

96.9

85.8

11.1

2.9

100.0

97.4

88.5

9.0

2.2

100.0

96.4

87.7

8.6

3.5

100.0

96.3

77.4

18.9

3.7

100.0

97.6

87.9

9.7

2.2

100.0

98.2

90.1

8.1

1.7

100.0

97.2

88.8

8.4

2.8

100.0

98.9

91.0

8.2

1.5

98.1

82.1

15.9

1.7

100.0

98.7

88.7

9.0

1.3

96.5

84.1

12.4

3.5

100.0

96.4

88.4

8.0

4.6

98.2

91.3

6.9

1.6

92.5

92.5

5.4

1.7

Isee appendix II for definition.

21ncludes 12 podiatrists whose principal form of employment is nOt shown.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

As expected, in all four regions the percent of prisingly, the South and West Regions not only

SOIO practitioners increases as age of the podia- have more podiatrists in partnership or STOLIp

trists increases. Likewise, the percent of podia- practices than the northern regions but also

trists in partnership or group practice decreases the lowest proportions of podiatrists 55 ycurs

with increasing age of the podiatrist. Not sur- and over.

22
1National Center for Health stati~tic~: Health ~~.

power survey of podiatrists, United States, 1974.

Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 24, No. 7. DHEW

Pub. No. (HRA) 76-1120. Health Resources Administration. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office,

Oct. 24, 1975.

~National Center for Health Statistics: Health Manporwr: A County and Metropolitan Area Data Book,

1972-1975. DHEW Pub. No. (HRA) 76-1234. Health Resources Administration. Washington. U.S. Government

Printing Office, 1976. =

~National Center for Health Statistics: Health ReJowccs stmm~, 1975. DHEW pub. NO. (HRA) 76-

1509. Health Resources Administration. Washington.

U.S. Government Printing Office, 1976.

4National Center for Health Statistics: Podiatry manpower: A general profile, United States–1 974, by K.

Stant and A. Handler. Vital and Health Statistics. Series

14-No. 18. DHEW Pub. No. (PHS) 79-1813. Public

Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing

Office, Oct. 1978.

5Nation~ Center for He~th Statistics: Trends in the

podiatric profession: A comparative study of 1970 and

1974 survey data, by L. Greenberg. Vital and Health

Statistics. Series 14-No. 21. DHEW Pub. No. (PHS) 79-

1816. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Office, Ott. 1978.

6u.s. Bureau of Census: Estimates of the population

of the United States, by age, sex, and race, 1970-1977.

Current Population Reports, Series P-25, No. 721. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Apr. 1978.
LIST OF DETAILED TABLES

1. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by primary clinical activity and selected characteristics: United

States, 1974 ................................................................... ............................................. ................................ ..............................

2. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by selected characteristics, according to primary clinical activity:

United States, 1974 .................................. .................................... ................................................................ ,.,...,,,,.,.,.,,,.,..,.,.,,

3. Number of podiatrists providing patient care by numbar of full-tima and part-time assistants and salected characteristics:

United States, 1974 ......................................................................................................... ....................................... ................ ..

4. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by number of full-time and part-time assistants, according to

selacted characteristics: United States, 1974 ................................................ ............................................................................

5. Number of podiatrists providing patient care by numbar of hours of patient care and mean nurpber of hours of patient care

provided the week prior to the survey, by selectad characteristics: United States, 1974 ................................... ...... .................

6. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by number of hours of patient care provided the week prior to tha

survay, according to selectad characteristics: Unitad States, 1974 ...........................................................................................

7. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by access to hospital and/or clinic facilities and servicas usually rendered:

United States, 1974 ................................................................................................................................................ ................ ..

8. Percent of podiatrists providing patiant care, by access to hospital and/or clinic facilities and services usually rendered:

United States, 1974 ................................................................................................................................ ................................ ..

9. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by principal form of employment, primary clinical activity, and podiatric

school of graduation: United Statas, 1974 ...............................................................................................................................

10. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by prima~ clinical activity and podiatric school of graduation,

according to principal form of employment: United States, 1974 ................... .................................. .. .................. ..................

25

27

29

30

31

32

33

33

34

34

24
. . . . . . . .. . ,. .,,... .’. -.

Table 1. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by primary clinical acti

Selected characteristic

Total ......................................................................................

—Age

Under 35 years.......................................................................................

35-44 years ..,,,,,.,.!..,,,... .........................................................................

45-54 years ....,.,..,,..,!.,.. .........................................................................

55-64 years ............................................................................................

65 years and over ...................................................................................

Sex —

Male .......................................................................................................

Female ...................................................................................................

Secondary clinical activity

None ......................................................................................................

Surgery ..................................................................................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics .........................................................

Podogeriatrics ........................................................................................

General practice .....................................................................................

Other secondary activity ........................................................................

Not stated ..............................................................................................

Services usually renderedl

Palliative services....................................................................................

Hospital surgery .....................................................................................

Office surgery .............i..........................................................................

Prescription of drugs..............................................................................

Physical therapy treatment ....................................................................

Orthopedics or Momechanics .................................................................

Whirlpool treatment ...............................................................................

Fitting special shoes...............................................................................

X-ray services.........................................................................................

Ultrasonic heat .......................................................................................

Diathermy heat ......................................................................................

Low-voltage treatment ...........................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment .....................................................................

Other services.........................................................................................

Collerseof podiatric medicine

Illinois College .......................................................................................

Ohio College ..........................................................................................

New York College ..................................................................................

Pennsylvania College ..............................................................................

California College...................................................................................

Chicago College......................................................................................

Northwestern institute ...........................................................................

Middlesex College ..................................................................................

Beacon Collqe .......................................................................................

Other U.S. schools .................................................................................

Foreign schools ......................................................................................

SW footnotes at end of table.

All

podiatrists

7,085

1,296

1,156

1,897

1,867

889

6,814

271

971

2,823

1,942

625

453

214

57

6,926

2,788

5,719

6,361

5,840

6,484

5,075

3,687

5,848

4,825

1,779

2,323

2,124

1,654

1,517

1,682

1,445

191

713

381

137

94

8~

22

‘ ana seteclea cnaraclensucs: urmea ma~es, IY M

General

wactice

5,934

884

885

1,655

1,707

802

5,683

251

907

2,676

1,570

575

169

38

6,852

2,080

4,686

5,273

4,853

5,406

4,252

3,197

4,793

3,949

1,485

1,962

1,783

1,298

1,261

1,371

1,275

132

517

340

127

86

7;;

20

Primary clinical activity

Surgery

776

337

214

139

60

26

771

6

33

350

25

340

18

10

718

568

745

757

888

736

574

281

750

632

206

223

241

257

168

235

85

46

151

28

6

1

5:

Foot

orthopedics

or biomechanics

247

50

35

67

65

30

244

2

18

122

24

64

13

7

231

88

204

221

212

235

165

131

214

172

61

104

70

69

66

50

50

8

30

9

2

6

2

24

geriatrics

103

18

18

29

31

7

93

11

12

18

21

43

7

2

103

34

67

90

73

90

72

55

75

58

23

29

20

22

17

23

28

3

14

2

1

1

13

1

Other

24

6

3

7

5

3

23

1

1

7

2

1

6

7

.

21

8

17

21

15

17

12

11

16

14

3

6

9

8

6

3

8

1

1

1

1

1

1

25
Table 1. Number of Podiatrists providing patient care, by primarv clinical activity and selected characteristics: United States,

1974–Con.

—. —..

Selected characteristic

Geographic region

Northeast ...............................................................................................

North Central .................................................................... .....................

South ..................................................................... ........................ ........

West ............................................................................................ ...........

All

podiatrists

2,876

1,968

1,135

1,105

Primary clinical activity

General

practice I

Surgery

T

2,553 160

1,616 258

936 152

829 207

1F@reS do not add to totals since a podiatrist may render more than one service.

Foot

orthopedics

or biomechanics

101

72

30

44

Podogeriatrics

50

16

14

24

Other

12

7

5

1

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding,

26
Table 2. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by selected characteristics, according to primary clinical activity:

Selected characteristic

United States, 1974

Primary clinical activity

Total .................................................................. ....................

Under 35 years,,.....................................................................................

35-44 years . .........................................x .......................... ......................

45-54 years ............................................................................................

55-64 years ............................................................................................

65 years and over .................................. ... .............................................

Male .......................................................................................................

Female ...................................................................................................

Secondary clinical activity

None ......................................................................................................

Surgery ..................................................................................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics .........................................................

Podogeriatrics ........................................................................................

General practice .....................................................................................

Other secondary activity ........................................................................

Not stated ..............................................................................................

Services usually renderedl

Palliative services....................................................................................

Hospital surgery .....................................................................................

Office surgery ........................................................................................

Prescription of drugs ..............................................................................

Physical therapy treatment ....................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics .................................................................

Whirlpool treatment ...............................................................................

Fitting special shoes...............................................................................

X-ray services.........................................................................................

Ultrasonic heat .......................................................................................

Diathermy heat ......................................................................................

Low-voltage treatment ...........................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment .....................................................................

Other services.........................................................................................

Illinois College . .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. ... . .. .. . ... .. ... . .. ... .. . ... . .... .. . ... ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... . .

Ohio College ..........................................................................................

New York College ..................................................................................

Pennsylvania College ..............................................................................

California College ...................................................................................

Chicago College......................................................................................

Northwestern institute .................................................. .........................

Middlesex College ..................................................................................

Beacon College.,, ,...................................................................................

Other U.S. schools .................................................................................

Foreign schools................................................................ .....................

All

podiatrists

100.0

18.3

16.3

26.8

26.4

12.3

96.2

3.8

13.7

39.8

27.4

8.8

6.4

3.0

0.8

97.7

39.4

80.7

89.8

82.4

91.5

71.6

52.0

82.5

68.1

25.1

32.8

30.0

23.3

21.4

23.7

20.4

2.7

10.1

5.4

1.9

1.3

1.3

11.4

0.3

General

practice

100.0

14.9

14.9

27.9

28.8

13.5

95.8

4.2

15.3

45.1

26.5

9.7

2.8

0.6

98.6

35.2

79.0

88.9

81.8

91.1

71.7

53.9

80.8

66.5

25.0

33.1

30.0

21.8

21.3

23.1

21.5

2.2

8.7

5.7

2.1

1.4

1.4

12.2

0.3

Surge~

100.(

43.:

27.!

I 7.g

7.7

3’..

99.4

O.z

4.2

45.0

3.2

43.7

2.3

1.3

92.5

73.2

96.0

97.6

88.7

94.8

74.0

37.5

96.6

81.4

26.5

28.7

31.1

33.1

21.6

30.2

10.9

24.1

19.4

3.7

0.8

0.1

0.6

6.4

Foot

orthopedics

or biomechanics

100.0

20.2

14.2

27.1

26.3

12.1

98.8

0.8

7.3

49.4

9.7

25.9

5.3

2.8

93.5

35.6

82.6

89.5

85.8

95.1

66.8

53.0

86.6

69.6

24.7

42.1

28.3

27.9

26.7

20.2

20.2

3.2

12.1

3.6

0.8

2.4

0.8

9.7

Podogeriatrics

100.0

17.5

17.5

28.2

30.1

6.8

90.3

10.7

11.7

17.5

20.4

41.7

6.8

1.9

100.0

33.0

65.0

87.4

70.9

87.4

69.9

53.4

72.8

56.3

22.3

28.2

19.4

21.4

16.5

22.3

27.2

2.9

13.6

1.9

1.0

1.0

12.6

1.0

Other

100.0

25.0

12.5

29.2

20.8

12.5

95.8

4.2

4.2

29.2

8.3

4.2

25.0

28.2

87.5

33.3

70.8

87.5

62.5

70.8

50.0

45.8

66.7

58.3

12.5

25.0

37.5

33.3

25.0

12.5

33.3

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

4.2

27
Table 2. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by selected characteristics, kccording to primary clinical activity:

United States, 1974–Con.

Selected characteristic

Geographic region

Northeast ........................................................... ....................................

North Central ............................. ........................................................ ....

South .....................................................................................................

West .................................... ........ ...................... .......... .......................... .

All

podiatrists

40.6

27.8

16.0

15.6

General

practice

43.0

27.2

15.8

14.0

1Figures do not add to totals since a podiatrist may render more than one Service.

Primary cliqical actwity

Surgery

20.6

33.2

19.6

26.7

Foot

orthopedics

or biomechanics

40.9

29.1

12,1

17.8

Podogeriatrics

48.!5

15.5

13.6

23.3

Other

50.0

29.2

20.8

4.2

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

28
Table 3. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by number of full-time and part-time assistants and selected ch-aracteristics:

United States, 1974

Number of full-time assistants Number of part-t;,me assistants All

podiatrists 1

3 or 3 or

more

Salected characteristic

None 2 None 1

—-

1,74.2

==

349

325

473

441

154

1,438

208

71

24

1

1,712

1,475

209

28

29

11

17

1

695

480

279

288

354

450

357

414

167

:;

469

652

286

236

2

Total ................................................................

—Age

Under 35 years .................................................................

35-44 years.......................................................................

46-54 years.......................................................................

65-64 yaars.......................................................................

65 yaars and ovar .............................................................

Primary clinical activity

General practice ...............................................................

Surgery .............................................................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics ...................................

Podogeriatrics ...................................................................

Other ................................................................................

Principal form of employment

Self-employed ..................................................................

Solo practice ........o...........o..........................................

Partnership practice ....................................................

Group practice ............................................................

Salaried ............................................................................

Government ................................................................

Nongovernment ..........................................................

Other ................................................................................

Geographic region

Northeast .........................................................................

North Central ...................................................................

South ...............................................................................

West ..........$o.......................o.............................................

Numbar of patient visits2

O-49 visits.........................................................................

50-74 visits.................i .....................................................

75-99 visits.......................................................................

100-149 visits ...................................................................

150 visits or more .............................................................

Hours worked in patient care2

None ..... ................ ................ ...........................................

1.19 hours ........................................................................

20-34 hours ......................................................................

35-40 hours ......................................................................

41.49 hours ......................................................................

50 hours or more ..............................................................

7,085 3,660 1,766 888 771 4,001 806 535

1,296

1,156

1,897

1,867

869

5,934

776

247

103

24

6,836

5,719

950

167

237

120

117

12

2,876

1,968

1,135

1,105

1,776

1,652

1,274

1,632

750

94

479

1,685

2,703

1,170

954

453

412

920

1,168

707

3,256

215

110

64

15

3,547

3,290

214

42

105

48

56

9

1,898

401

313

509

434

108

1,472

198

67

25

3

1,713

1,500

174

38

;;

22

565

520

342

339

243

438

445

474

166

x

335

793

324

271

214

215

263

167

29

686

149

41

9

3

864

642

199

23

23

11

13

1

249

262

204

174

61

143

158

354

171

10

16

175

366

176

145

227

216

205

98

25

521

214

29

5

2

713

286

362

65

56

30

26

1

164

222

223

163

z

106

278

249

2

16

141

295

157

159

565

503

1,060

1,211

663

3,468,

34:3

120

fj7

17

3,838

:3,350

403

84

155

83

71

9

1,653

1,076

645

628

1,280

985

655

778

304

70

349

904

1,548

643

486

224

182

227

135

38

615

141

40

7

2

778

607

143

28

27

12

16

1

:104

263

119

120

93

159

166

:~~

1124

6

26

1’93

324

II 29

‘129

.—

158

145

138

80

15

427

84

16

6

3

508

286

194

29

26

14

13

224

150

92

70

49

59

96

176

155

1:

118

179

111

104

966

367

430

1,420

987

565

526

164

65

422

1,033

1,249

512

380

lAssistants include both medical and rSOrUndkd perSOnnel.

2The week prior to the survey.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

28
Table 4. t’ercent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by number of full-time and part-time assistants,l according to selected

characteristics: United States, 1974

Selected characteristic

Total.. ..................................................................

—Age

Under 35 years........ .............................................................

3544 years .............. ............................................................

45-54 years ............... ...........................................................

55-64 years ................ ..........................................................

65 years and over ........ ........................................................

Primary clinical activity

General practice .............. .....................................................

Surgery ............................ ....................................................

Foot orthopedics or tiome'chanics .......................................

Podogeriatrics .................... ..................................................

Other .................................. .................................................

Principal fornl of employment

Self.employed ........................ ..............................................

Solo practice ...................................................................

Partnership practice ............ ............................................

Group practice .................... ............................................

Salaried ................................................................................

Government ....................................................................

Nongovernrnent ..............................................................

Other ...................................................................................

Geographic region —

Northeast ... .........................................................................

North Central .......................................................................

South ......... ..........................................................................

West .......... ..........................................................................

Number of patient visits2

O-49 visits.. ..........................................................................

50-74 visits, ..........................................................................

75-99 visits.. .........................................................................

100-149 visits ......................................................................

150 visits or more ................................................................

Hours worked in patient carez

None .......... ..........................................................................

1-19 hours... .........................................................................

20-34 hours. .........................................................................

3540 hours...........................................................................

41-49 hours. .........................................................................

50 hours or Imore .................................................................

All

podiatrists

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Wsmber of full-time ●ssistants

None

51.7

35.0

35.6

48.5

62.6

81.4

54.9

27.7

44.5

62.1

62.5

51.9

57.5

22.5

25.1

44.3

40.0

47.9

75.0

66.0

49.1

32.3

38.9

80.0

59.7

44.3

32.2

21.9

69.1

88.1

61.3

46.2

43.8

39.8

1

24.9

30.9

27.1

26.8

23.2

12.4

24.8

25.5

27.1

24.3

12.5

25.1

26.2

18.3

22.8

22.4

25.8

18.8

19.6

26.4

30.1

30.7

13.7

26.5

34.9

28.0

22.1

18.1

5.4

19.9

28.3

27.7

28.4

2

12.5

16.5

18.6

13.9

8.9

3.3

11.6

19.2

16.6

8.7

12.5

12.6

11.2

20.9

13.8

9.7

9.2

11.1

8.3

8.7

13.3

18.0

15.7

3.4

8.7

12.4

21.7

22.8

10.6

3.3

10.4

13.5

15.0

15.2

3 or

more

10.9

17.5

18.7

10.8

5.2

2.9

8.8

27.6

11.7

4.9

8.3

10.4

6.o

38.1

38.9

23.6

25.0

22.2

8.3

5.7

11.3

19.6

14.8

3.0

5.1

8.3

17.0

33.2

2.1

3.3

8.4

10.9

13.4

16.7

Number of part-time assistants

None

56.5

—

43.6

43.5

55.9

64.9

76.3

58.2

44.2

48.6

65.0

70.8

56.1

58.6

42.4

60.3

65.4

68.2

60.7

75.0

57.5

54.7

56.8

56.8

72.1

59.6

51.4

47.7

40.5

74.5

72.9

53.6

57.3

55.0

50.9

1

24.6

26.9

28.1

24.9

23.6

17.7

24.2

26.8

28.7

23.3

4.2

25.0

25.8

22.0

16.8

12.6

9.2

14.5

8.3

24.2

24.4

24.6

26.1

19.9

27.2

28.0

25.4

22.3

11.7

18.2

27.8

24.1

24.4

24.7

2

11.4

17.3

15.7

12.0

7.2

4.4

10.4

18.2

16.2

6.8

8.3

11.4

10.6

15.1

16.8

11.4

10.0

13.7

8.3

10.6

13.4

10.5

10.9

5.2

9.6

13.0

16.2

16.5

6.4

5.4

11.5

12.0

11.0

13.5

3 or

more

7.6

12.2

12.5

7.3

4.3

1.7

7.2

10.8

6.5

5.8

12.5

7.4

5.0

20.4

17.4

11.0

11.7

11.1

7.8

7.6

8.1

6.3

2.8

3.6

7.5

10.8

20.7

7.4

3.3

7.0

6.6

9.5

10.9

lA5sistan t~ include both medical and nonmediml PersOnnel.

2The wee ~ prior to the SUSWel’.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

30
Table 5, Number of podiatrists providing patient care by number of hours of patient care and mean number of hours of patient care

provided the week prior to the survey, by selected characteristics: United States, 1974

Selected characteristic

Mean

number

of hours

of patient

care

provided 1’2

Number of hours of patient care providedl

All

1-19 50 or

more

podiatrists None 20-34 35-40 41-49

Total .......................................... ...................... 7,085 94 479 1,685 2,703 1,170 954 36.9

Age —

Under 35 years .................................................................

35-44 years .......................................................................

45-54 years .......................................................................

65-64 years .......................................................................

65 years and over .i ...........................................................

1,296

1,156

1,897

1,867

869

5,934

776

247

103

24

6,836

5,719

950

167

237

120

117

12

2,876

1,968

1,135

1,105

6,814

271

6,823

223

39

82

7,003

16

8

12

27

32

81

6

4

4

92

76

12

3

2

2

32

29

17

16

81

14

90

3

1

94

39

19

80

137

205

413

18

21

18

8

451

412

30

9

26

13

14

1

219

140

53

67

415

64

445

32

2

47:

270 530

425

740

767

242

2,317

263

87

31

6

2,620

2,192

366

65

80

51

29

2

1,083

715

472

433

2,624

79

2,606

83

13

32

2,671

220

220

344

311

75

999

126

35

6

4

1,134

914

190

31

34

16

18

1

515

324

189

142

1,149

21

1,136

29

5

11

1,158

222

188

300

202

43

741

163

27

19

3

902

718

154

30

50

25

25

2

389

278

148

139

942

13

919

23

12

9:;

39.3

38.9

38.5

36.3

28.0

37.7

39.7

35.0

32.6

31.1

36.6.

36.4

38.8

38.7

37.9

38.3

37.5

38.4

37.0

36.7

37.6

35.4

37.2

27.5

36.9

34.3

39.6

39.4

36.8

296

422

424

273

1,383

201

73

24

3

1,637

1,408

197

31

44

13

31

5

638

483

256

308

1,603

82

1,628

52

4

16

1,669

Primary clinical activity

General practice ...............................................................

Surgery .............................................................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics ...................................

Podogeriatrics ..................................................................

Other ................................................................................

Principal form of employment

Self.employed \,

Solo practice ...............................................................

Partnership practice ....................................................

Group practice ............................................................

Salaried

Government ................................................................

Nongovernment ..........................................................

Other ............ ....................................................................

Geographic region

Northeast .........................................................................

North Central ...................................................................

South ...............................................................................

West ....................................................................... ..........

—Sex

Male .................................................................................

Female .............................................................................

&cQ

White ................................................................................

81ack ................................................................................

Other races .......................................................................

Spanish heritage

Spanish heritage ...............................................................

Not of Spanish heritage ....................................................

1The week prior to the survey.

21nc]ud~s 94 podiatrists who provided zero hours of patient care the week Prior to the sumeY.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

31
Table 6. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient care by number of hours of patient care provided the week pr!or to the

survey, according to salected characteristics: United States, 1974

Selected characteristic

Total ...... ..................................................................................

Age —

Under 35 years ........................................................................................

35-44 years ............................................................................................o.

45-54 years ................................................. .................... .........................

55-64 years ...................................................................... .......................4

65 years and over .....................................................................................

Primary clinical activity

General practice .......................................................................................

Surgary ....................................................................................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics ...........................................................

Podogeriatrics ..........................................................................................

Other .......................................................................................................

Principal form of employment

*lf+mployed ........................................................................ ..................

Solo practice . ....................... ..... .........................................................

Partnership practice .......................................................... ..................

Group practice ............ .............................................. .........................

Salaried ....................................................................................................

Government .......................................................................................

Nongovernment ..................... ..................................... ........................

Other .......................................... .............................................................

Geographic region

Northeast ...................................... ...........................................................

Norrh Central ..........................................................................................

South .............. .................................................................................... .....

West ............................. ................................................ ...........................d

Sex —

Male ............... ............................ ............ ................................ .......... ........

Female .....................................................................................................

Race

White .......................................................................................................

Black .......................... .......... ...................................................................

Othar races ..............................................................................................

Spanish heritage

Spanish heritage . ......................................................................................

Not of Spanish heritage ...........................................................................

Ail

podiatrists

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100,0

100.0

Number of hours of patient care providedl

None

1.3

1.2

0.7

0.6

1.4

3.7

1.4

0.8

1.6

3.9

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.8

0.8

1.7

1.1

1.5

1.5

1.4

1.2

5.2

1.3

1.3

2.6

1.3

1-19

6.8

3.0

1.6

4.2

7.3

23.6

7.0

2.3

8.5

17.5

33.3

6.6

7.2

3.2

5.4

11.0

10.8

12.0

8.3

7.6

7.1

4.7

6.1

6.1

23.6

6.5

14.3

5.1

4.9

6.8

20-34

23.8

20.8

25.6

22.2

22.7

31.4

23.3

25.9

29.6

23.3

12.5

23.9

24.6

20.7

18.6

18.6

10.8

26.5

41.7

22.2

24.5

22.6

27.9

23.5

30.3

23.9

23,3

10.3

19.5

23.8

35-40

38.2

40.9

36.8

39.0

41.0

27.8

39.0

33.9

35.2

30.1

25.0

38.3

38.3

38.5

38.9

33.8

42.5

24.8

16.7

37.7

36.3

41.6

39.2

38.5

28.2

38.2

37.2

33.3

39.0

38.1

41-49

16.5

17.0

19.0

18.1

16.7

8.6

16.8

16.2

14.2

5.8

16.7

16,6

16.0

20.0

18.6

14.3

13.3

15.4

8.3

17.9

16.5

16.7

12.9

16.9

7.7

16.6

13.0

12.8

13.4

16.5

50 or

more

13.5

17.1

16.3

15.8

10.8

4.9

12,5

21.0

10.9

18.4

12.5

13.2

12.6

16.2

18.0

21.1

20.8

21.4

16.7

13.5

14.1

13.0

12.6

13.8

4,8

13.5

10.3

30.8

20.7

13.4

1The week prior to the SUW3Y.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

32
Table 7. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by accessto hospital and/or clinic facilities and services usually rendered: United

States, 1974

All

podia.

trists

7,085

Hospital

and clinic

privileges

1,954

Hospital

privileges

only

1,561

Clinic

privileges

only

Neither

hospital nor

clinic privileges

Services usually rendered

Total .........,........................................................................

Palliative servicas...........m....................................................................

Hospital surgery .................................................................................

Off ice surgary.....................................................................................

Prescription of drugs ..........................................................................

Physical therapy treatment .................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics ..................................,,.,,.,,,,.... ............

Whirlpool treatment ................,.,, ..,, ,..,..., ...........................................

Fitting special shoes ...........................................................................

X-rey services .....................................................................................

Ultrasonic heat ...................................................................................

Diathermy heat ..................................................................................

Low-voltage treatment .......................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment .................................................................

Other services,,,,,,,...,,,,,, .....................................................................

439 3,131

6,925

2,788

5,719

6,361

5,840

6,484

5,075

3,687

5,848

4,825

1,779

2,323

2,124

1,654

1,892

1,458

1,780

1,887

1,724

1,876

1,473

1,095

1,785

1,461

541

659

654

598

1,524

1,110

1,408

1,469

1,380

1,477

1,174

828

1,406

1,200

392

521

497

391

432

372

416

379

407

319

257

385

305

104

154

131

106

3,077

2,159

2,589

2,356

2,724

2,108

1,507

2.272

1;859

742

990

842

559

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding.

Table 8. Percent of podiatrists providing patient care, by accessto hospital and/or clinic facilities and services usually rendered: United

States, 1974

Al I

podiatrists

Hospital

md clinic

Hospital

privileges

only

100.0

Clinic

privileges

only

Neither

hospital nor

clinic privileges

Services usually rendered

Total .......... ........................................................................ 100.0

Palliative services................................................................................

Hospital surgery .,,,,, ,..........................................................................

Office surgery.....................................................................................

Prescription of drugs ..........................................................................

Physical therapy treatment .................................................................

Orthopedics or biomechanics .............................................................

Whirlpool treatment ...........................................................................

Fitting special shoes..,,,,.,.,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.....,.,,....,,,,,,..,,,,,.,.............,,..,.,.

X-ray services.....................................................................................

Ultrasonic heat ...................................................................................

Diathermy heat ,,,...............................................................................

Low-voltage treatmant .......................................................................

Ultraviolet lamp treatment .................................................................

Other services......................................................................................

100.0 100.0 100.0

97.7

39.4

80.7

89.8

82.4

91.5

71.6

52.0

82.5

68.1

25.1

32.8

30.0

23.3

96.8

74.6

91.1

96.6

88.2

96.0

75.4

56.0

91.4

74.8

27.7

33.7

33.5

30.6

97.6

71,1

90.2

94.1

88.4

94.6

75.2

53.0

90.1

76.9

25.1

33.4

31.8

25.0

98.4

84.7

94.8

86.3

92.7

72.7

58.5

87.7

69.5

23.7

35.1

29.8

24.1

98.3

69.0

82.7

75.2

87.0

67.3

48.1

72.6

59.4

23.7

31.6

26.9

17.9

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals due to rounding,

33
Table 9. Number of podiatrists providing patient care, by principal form of employment, primary clinical activity, and podiatric school of

graduation: Unitad Statea, 1974

Principal form of employment

All

podiatrists

7,065

-

5,934

776

247

103

24

1,517

1,6432

1,445

191

713

381

137

2

806

22

Primary clinical activity and

podiatric school of graduation Total

selfemployed

Othar solo

mctice

Partnership

practice

Group

practice

Total

salariad Government

Total ................................. 6,636 5,719 950 167 237 120 117 12

Primary clinical activity

General practice ................................

Surgery .............................................

Foot orthopedics or biomechanics ....

Podogeriatrics ...................................

Other ................................................

5,757

735

232

96

16

1.472

1,617

1,4C9

166

674

375

134

90

91

785

21

4,819

497

200

88

15

1,217

1,344

1,152

117

534

342

127

66

87

684

18

720

194

28

7

1

221

238

201

43

121

28

7

2

3

82

3

118

44

3

1

34

35

56

8

19

5

1

9

170

39

14

7

7

42

63

34

22

38

7

2

4

3

23

92

15

2

6

6

78

24

12

;

7

2

1

1

3

2

2

1

1

1

College of podiatric medicine

Illinois Collaga ..................................

Ohio Collage .....................................

New York Collage .............................

Pennsylvania College .........................

California College..............................

Chicago College.................................

Northwestern Institute ......................

Middlaaex Collage .............................

8eecon College..................................

Other U.S. schools ............................

Foreign schools.................................

22

43

17

4

15

5

i

1

14

20

20

17

18

23

2

2

1

2

9

Table 10. Percent distribution of podiatrists providing patient cara by primary clinical twtivity and podiatric school of graduation, according to principal

form of employment: United States, 1974

Principal form of employment

Primary clinical activity All

and podiatric school of graduation podia.

trista

Salaried

Total

selfemployed

solo Othar

prmtica

Partnership

practice

100.0

Group

practice

100.0

Total

salaried

100.0

Government Nongovernment

Total ................................. 100.0

—

Primary clinical activity

Ganaral practica l............................... 83.8

Surgery ............................................. 11.0

Foot orthopedic or biomachanics .... 3.5

Podogeriatrics ................................... 1.5

Other ................................................ 0.3

Collage of podiatric medicine

Illinois College .................................. 21.4

Ohio Collage ..................................... 23.7

New York Collage ............................. 20.4

Pennsylvania College ......................... 2.7

California College.............................. 10.1

Chicago Collage................................. 5.4

Northwestern Institute ...................... 19

Middlesax Collage ............................. 1.3

8aacon College.................................. 1,3

Other U.S. schools ............................ 11.4

Foreign schools................................. 0.3

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

84.2

10.8

3.4

z

21,5

23.7

20.6

2.5

9.9

5,5

2.0

1.3

1.3

11.5

0.3

66.0

8.7

3.5

:::

21.3

23.5

20.1

2.0

9.2

6,0

2.2

1.5

1.5

12.0

0.3

75.8

20.4

2.6

K

23.3

25.1

21.2

4.5

12.7

2.9

0.7

0.2

0.3

8.8

0.3

70.7

26.3

1.8

0.6

20.4

21.0

33.5

4.8

11.4

3.0

0.6

5.4

71.7

16.5

5.9

3.0

3.0

17.7

26.6

14.3

9.3

16.0

3.0

.8

1.7

1.3

9.7

76.7

12.5

1.7

5.0

4.2

18.3

35.8

14.2

3.3

12.5

4.2

2.5

0.8

11.7

66.7

20.5

10.3

0.9

1,7

58.3

16.7

8.3

8.3

26.0

16.7

16.7

8.3

8.3

8.3

17.1

17.1

14.5

15.4

19.7

1.7

1.7

0.9

1.7

7.7

34
APPENDIXES

CONTENTS

I. Description of Survey Methodology ............................................................................................... 36

Background: 1974 Survey of podiatrists .................................................................................. 36

Data Collection ......................................................................................................................... 36

Weighting Factors ..................................................................................................................... 36

II. Definitions ................................................................................................................................. .... 39

III. Facsimile of Survey Questionnaire ................................................................................................. 41

LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES

I. Number and percent distribution of the podiatic population surveyed, by type of response:

United States, 1974 ..................................................................................................................... 36

II. Distribution by State of responding podiatrists and application of inflation factor: United States,

1974 ................................................................................................................................ ............ 37

III. Item nonresponse rates experienced in 1974 survey of podiatrists: United States, 1974 ............... 38

35
*

APPENDIX I

DESCRIPTION OF SURVEY METHODOLOGY

Background: 1974 Survey of Podiatrists

The 1974 survey of podiatrists was conducted from October through December 1974

by NCHS in cooperation with the American

Podiatry Association. Informatics, Inc., of Rockville, Md., was responsible for the collection,

editing, processing, and tabulating of data obtained from the survey. A similar survey of the

Nation’s podiatrists had been conducted by

NCHS in 1970. Informatics developed, tested,

and implemented procedures to computer print

onto the 1974 survey questionnaires responses

to five questions reported by the respondent

during the previous 1970 survey of podiatrists.

(See questionnaire in appendix III for data

items. )

A self-administered questionnaire was mailed

in the autumn of 1974 to all licensed podiatrists

in the United States and to graduates of podiatry colleges for the academic years 1970 through

1973. The 1974 survey’s mailing list was derived

from the 1970 survey’s mailing list, which had

been provided by the podiatry licensing board in

each State. This mailing list was then updated by

the deletion of podiatrists known to have died as

well as any duplicate listings of podiatrists.

Data Collection

The initial mailing list consisted of 8,763

podiatrists. After eliminating names of the deceased, the duplicates discovered after mailing,

and a few “potential subjects who were out of

scope of the survey because they were no longer

licensed, had left the United States, or had been

mistakenly assumed to be podiatrists, a total of

8,261 podiatrists remained. A further elimination of refusals, postmaster returns, and other

Table 1. Number and percent distribution of the podlatrlc

population surveyed, by type of response: United States, 1974

Percent

Type of response Number distribution

All podiatrists surveyed.

excluding those deceased and

out of scope ............................... 8,261 100.0

Response ................................................. 7,253 87.8

Refusal . ................................................ ... 133 1.6

Postmaster return .................................... 334 4.1

Nonresponse ........................................... 541 6.5

nonresponses reduced the usable universe to

7,253 “good” responses (table I).

Weighting Factors

In order to duplicate the total universe of

podiatrists as it would have appeared had there

been no refusals, postmaster returns, or other

nonresponses, a weighting or “inflation” factor

was established for each State from the ratif Juf

total podiatrists in that State (excluding deceased and those out of scope of the survey) to

the number of usable (good) responses obtainccl

(see table II). Within each State the computwized record for each “good-response” podiatrist

received the same weight. When all the weighted

good-response records were cumulated, they

yielded after rounding a weighted natil.}nal fi~-

ure of 8,261 for total podiatrists. This weighted

total is divided into 7,120 active and 1,141 inactive podiatrists. Of the 7,120 active podiatrists,

7,085 reported that they usualIy spent 1 hour or

more a week in patient care. This figure is the

statistical base for tables and text in this report.

36
TiItdII 11. 13iktributicm by State of responding podiatrists and application of inf Iation factor: United States, 1974

---z. --—-—

State

Number of

responding

podiatrists

7,253

20

1

74

21

815

67

181

19

42

331

69

5

17

583

140

87

48

63

35

19

120

380

289

78

9

85

13

39

16

26

365

24

1,159

54

5

489

45

42

668

53

14

14

41

205

32

7

81

74

41

140

8

Weighting

factor

1.14

1.35

3.00

1.05

1.05

1.14

1.21

1.11

1.05

1.29

1.10

1.17

1.60

1.06

1.17

1.06

1.11

1.08

1.06

1.14

1.11

1.18

1.16

1.11

1.03

1.22

1.13

1.08

1.05

1.06

1.15

1.12

1.29

1.18

1.06

1.00

1.15

1.18

1.02

1.14

1.13

1.29

1.00

1.10

1.18

1.06

1.14

1.07

1.04

1.10

1.06

1.13

Weighted

number of

podiatrists

8,261

27

3

78

22

929

81

201

20

54

384

81

8

18

682

148

97

52

67

40

21

142

441

321

80

11

96

14

41

17

30

409

31

1,368

57

5

562

53

43

762

60

18

14

45

242

34

8

87

77

45

148

9

37
Numbers in this report have been independ- ceived. In such cases, omitted items were ranently rounded and may not always add to 100.0. dornly assigned the response obtained from

Percents and rates were usually calculated on the

basis of original, unrounded figures and will not

respondents with similar characteristics, and the

total figure for the item was adjusted to include

necessarily agree with the percents and rates this calculated from rounded data. “imputation.” As may be seen in table

In order to com~ensate for ~artial non111, the need for this kind of adjustment was

response within the questionnaire, ;hat is, leav- minimal. The item nonresponse rate was less

ing individual items unanswered, a second type than 2 percent for all except six item’s on the

of adjustment was applied to the data as re- questionnaire.

Table I I 1. Item nonresponse rates experienced in 1974 survey of podiatrists: United States, 1974

Question number and subject

1.

2.

3a.

3b.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Ila.

llb.

12.

13a.

13b.

14.

15.

16a.

16b.

16c.

16d.

lse.

17a.

17b.

17C.

18a.

18b.

Year of birth ................................................................................ .......... ................ ....

Sex .............................................................................................................................

School of graduation ..................................................................................................

Year of graduation .....................................................................................................

Race ...................................................................................... ........................ .............

Origin or descent ............................................................... ............................ .............

Years active in podiatry ....................................... .............................. ........................

Number of weeks active in 1973 .............. ..................................................................

Current activity status .......................................................................................... ......

Hours per week in all podiatric activities ....................................................................

Usual activity in patient care ......................................................... ................ .............

Primary activity .........................................................................................................

Secondary activity ......................................... ............................................................

Services usually provided .............................................................................. .............

Location of primary place of work .............................................. ..............................

Years at location of primary place of work .... ....................................................... .....

Principal type of employ merit .....................................................................................

Number and type of assistants ....................... ........ ................................ ....................

Hours providing patient cara last week .......................................................................

Patients seen last waek ...............................................................................................

Age of patients seen last week ....................................................................................

Patient visits last weak ...............................................................................................

Type of setting for patient visits last week .................................................................

Hospital residency program ........................................................................................

Clinic residency program ............................................................................................

Preceptorship program ...............................................................................................

Hospital privileges ....................................................................... ........ .......................

Clinic privileges ..........................................................................................................

Number of

respondents

to whom

question

applied

I

7,253

1

6,248

1

6,217

6,248

Number of

podiatrists

not

responding

2

1

4

7

114

876

155

18

152

:

38

9

26

7

346

29

87

43

81

34

95

118

132

70

323

Item

nonresponse

rate

(percent)

0.03

0.01

0.06

0.10

1.57

12.08

2.14

0.25

0.00

2.43

0.00

0.23

0.56

0.61

0.14

0.42

0.11

5.57

0.46

1.39

0.69

1.30

0.54

1.52

1.89

2.11

1.12

5,17

000

38
APPENDIX II

DEFINITIONS

Agc.-Age refers to the respondent’s age in

I

1974, In all cases, age is calculated as the difference between 1974 and the respondent’s year of

birth.

Race. –Survey respondents could check any

one of six categories to indicate their race. Since

only a small number of podiatrists did specify

their race to be other than white or black, it was

dccidcd for the purposes of this report to present only three racial categories: white, black,

and other races. Included in the latter category

arc the following racial _kgroups: Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Hawaiian, Korean, American

Indian, Eskimo, Aleut, and other races as

specified.

In addition to race, survey respondents

could check any one of six categories indicating

their Hispanic origin or descent. These six categories included Mexican, Chicano, Puerto Rican,

Boricuan, Cuban, Central or South American,

other Spanish, or none of these.

Actiue and inactive podiatrists.–For the purposes of the 1974 survey of podiatrists, practitioners who spent 1 hour or more in providing

patient care or were engaged in another podiatric activity such as teaching and podiatric research were considered to be active podiatrists.

Also included in the group of active podiatrists

were practitioners who were temporarily not

active at the time of the survey owing to shortterm illness or injury, vacation, and so forth.

Inactive podiatrists were defined as those practitioners who failed to meet the criteria for either

of the above categories (see appendix III, question 8).

Active in provision of patient care.–A podiatrist was considered to be active in the provision

of patient care if he usually provided 1 hour or

more of patient care a week (see appendix III,

question 10).

Pn”ncipal form of employ ment.–Two general

categories of employment may be identified

from the survey data–self-employed and salaried.

In addition, several specific forms of employment

may be identified within each of the two major

categories.

A self-employed podiatrist may also be categorized according to one of the foIIowing types

of self-employment:

A solo practitioner is a podiatrist working

with or without assistants but not in conjunction with another health professional

who can independently treat patients for

podiatric or nonpodiatric ailments.

A partnership practitioner is one of two or

more podiatrists who conjointly provide

podiatric services only.

A group practitioner is a podiatrist conjointly working with at least one person in

another health profession who can independently treat patients for nonpodiatric ailments.

Salaried podiatrists could check one of seven

sources of their salary (see the following). These

sources may be conveniently arranged by

government or nongovernment employment.

Government-salaried includes podiatrists

who marked one of the following as their

primary source of salary:

Federal Government (nonmilitary).

Military service (armed services personnel only).

State or local government.

39
Nongovernment-salaried includes podiatrists

who marked one of the following primary

sources of salary:

Prepaid group health plan.

Nonprepaid group health plan.

Nongovernment organization or institution.

Other podiatrist.

Survey planners anticipated that a small

number of podiatrists would not be able to categorize themselves in terms of the principal forms

of employment just listed. Therefore an “other

form of employment” category was added to

the survey questionnaire. Twelve podiatrists

did place themselves in this category and listed

their sources of income.

For explanatory notes regarding the various

principal forms of employment, see question 14

in appendix III.

Primary clinical activity or specialization

(used interchangeably ).–Designations of primary clinical activity or specialization are

from appendix III, question 11.

General Practice. –Refers to podiatric general

practice.

Surgery .-Refers to podiatric surgery.

Other. –Consists of podiatrists whose primary clinical activity is foot orthopedics or

biomechanics, podogeriatrics, or another

activity as specified.

Geographic region.-For the purpose of reporting the data yielded by the 1974 Survey of

Licensed Podiatrists, the United States (the 50

States and the District of CoIumbia) is divided

into the geographic regions used by the U.S.

Bureau of the-Census.

Geo~aphic region

Northeast ...............

North Central .....

South .....................

West .......................

States included

Maine, New Hampshire,

Vermont, Massachusetts,

Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania

Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,

Michigan, Wisconsin,

Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North Dakota,

South Dakota, Nebraska,

Kansas

Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia,

North Carolina, South

Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Kentucky, Tennessee,

Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Texas

Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Ncw

Mexico, Arizona, Utah,

Nevada, Washington, Oregon, Alaska, California,

Hawaii

000

40
APPENDIX ill

FACSIMILE bF SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

CONFIDENTIALl~ Your name and street address w“ll ba kept mnfidenfial by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) and will not be released to anyone, for my reason whatmever. The balance of the information supplied on the questionnaire will be released to the Bureau of Health

Resources Development for the purposes described In the attached letter. Any additional pubhcati.n or release of information fmrn the. quesfionn.ke by the NCHS, will be in the fmrn of aggregated statistical data only. Return of this questionnaire acknowledges You, agreement I. the release

of these data by the NCHS in the manner outlined above.

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE

HRA.T2 MJ8LIc HEALTH SERVICE O.M.B. NO: S8S.731213

REV. 1.74

HEALTH RESOURCES ADUINISTRATlON APPROVAL EXPIRES OECEMSER 31, 1974

NATIONAL CENTCR FOR HEALTH STATISTICS

56R4 Fhhn L,”, Rskvlll,, I@lmd 20852

IN COLLABORATION WITH

suREAu or HEALTH RE50uRcEs DEVELO.-MEN7

1974 SURVEY OF PERSONS TRAINED IN PODIATRIC MEDICINE

r 1 oata you

Please correct yow name and, or nmlmg address

as appropriate

completad

I

this questimnaitn I

11 I

L -1 I I

MD> Day 1 W.

I INSTRUCTIONS FOR QUESTIONS 1, 2, and 3. If the 1970 responses are incorrect or blank, 1

3. From which SCHOOL OF PODIATRY and in whst YEAR 3. From which SCHOOL OF PODIATRY and in what YEAR

did you graduate? did you graduate?

School Schcnl

State or foreign country state or foreign. counby

Year graduated Year graduated

4. Color or Race (Check one b.. only)

1 ❑ WHITE 2 ❑ NEGRO OR BLACK 3 ❑ INOIAN (AMER.) ESKIMO:ALEUT

4 D CHINESE’JAPANESE 5 ❑ FILIPINO ‘HAWAIIAN KOREAN 6 ❑ OTHER RACE L%cily: A

5. lS your origin or descent ,Ch,.k . . . b., O.IY)

1 U MEXICAN OR CHICANO 2 ❑ PUERTO RICAN OR BORICUA 3 ❑ CUBAN

4 n CENTRAL OR SOUTH AMERICAN S ❑ oTHER SPANISH 6 ❑ NO, NONE OF THESE

6. Years active in podiatry (ROUND TO NEAREST YEAR)

(Pcd!atrlc actwdles include patmnt care, teachme pcd,atric related course(s), Podiatric research, program m msbt.tmn adm,mstratio..

residency, in podlatrlc trammg after recewmg podtatnc degree, and other podlatrlc related act!v,t, es. Include bme on .acat!on from podt’

atr,c actwAtes.)

7. Ouring the year 1973, how many WEEKS were you in each of the following categories?

ACTIVE IN PODIATRY

_ WEEKS ACTWE IN POOIATRY (Includes weeks ,. wh,ch 1 or more hours were spent ,n any

of the following patfent care, teaching Pcdtatrlc related COUCH=?, Pod!&trr: rc

search, program or insttutmn admmtstmtion, res!dency, m pod!atr,c tramtng, and

WHERE

oth.w pod,atrw related act,wtnes)

_ WEEKS ON VACATION, MOVING, OR TEMPORARILY INACTIVE FOR OTHER REASON(S)

NONE, NOT ACTIVE IN PODIATRY

WRITE _ WEEKS RETIREO FROh~ POOIATRY ANO OR ACTWE IN ANOTHER OCCUPATION

o _ WEEKS ILL OR INJUREO

(zERO) _ WEEKS UNEMPLOYED. LOOKING FOR WORK

_ WEEKS OTHER REASON(S) (Spmi/j : —.— )

52 WEEKS = TOTAL WEEKS IN 1973

8. Are you CURRENTLY ACTIVE IN PODIATRY? (ch,,k ... hox O.IYJ

In YES CURRENTLY SPEND 1 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK

IN ANY’ OF THE FOLLOWING PATIENT CARE, TEACHING

POOIATRIC RELATEO COURSE, POOIATRIC RESEARCH.

PROGRAM OR INSTITUTION ADMINISTRATION, RESIOENCY,

IN POOIATRIC TRAINING. OR LITHER PODIATRIC RELATEO

ACTIVITY.

Zn

1

YES, BUT CURRENTLY’ ON VACATION. HAVE SHOffT.TERM

ILLNESS OR INJURY. hlOVING OR TEMPORARILY INACTIVE

FOR OTHER REASON(S)

PLEASE CONTINUE

3 ~ I NO, CURRf NILY RETIRED FROM PODIATRY

40 NO, NOT RETIRED FROM POOIATRY. ACTIVE IN

ANOTHER OCCUPATION

,s,,,,, ,,> 0CCUPAr10i4,

5a

—)

NO, HAVE OISABLING IL1 NFSS rdR IN IURY

6Q 1

NO, uNEMPLOYED, LOOKING FOR WOI?K

70 NO. OTHER REA30N($) F3Q CURREN- IhACTIVITY

,>,,,,,1, REASON(S) )

STOP! If you are “d currently acfwe 1“ podiahy, rcm~r of

quesLimmaire de-s not aptly. Please ret.m this quesfm finam m

the prepa!d return envelope prowded. Think you fm ywr parficlmfion.

41
9. How many HOURS PER WEEK do YouUSUALLY spend in each of the followingpodiatricactivities?

HRS. PATIENT CARE (Include also residency and administrative work related to patient

care regardless of the setting.)

HRS. TEACHING PODIATRIC RELATED COURSE(S)

WHERE HRS. FODIATRIC RESEARCH

NONE, HRS. PROGRAM OR INSTITUTION ADMINISTRATION (Associations, licensing boards, schools, hospitals, etc.)

WRITE

o

HRS. OTHER PODIATRIC ACTIVITIES (e.g., training received after podiatric degree, etc.)

(ZERO) (Specify:

HRS.= TOTALPER WEEK USUALLY SPENT IN ALL PODIATRIC ACTIVITIES

10. Did you revrt in question9 abovethat you USUALLY spend 1 OR MORE HOURS PER WEEK IN PATlENT CARE?

10

,1

YES. I USUALLY SPEND 1 OR MORE 20

,1

NO. I 00 NOT USUALLYSPEND ANY

HOURS PER WEEK IN PATlENT CARE HOURS PER WEEK IN PATlENT CARE

?LEASE CONTINUE I

SKIP TO QUESTION 16a,

INSTRUCTIONS FOR QUESTION 11. If the 1970 data do not reflect your current primary or

secondary activity, mark the box under the” Current Activity” column that applies now.

11. Duringyourhours spent in patient care, what do you consider to beyourPRIMARYandyourSECONDARY ACTIVITY?

197coacl&ARY CURR:::lv~~MARY 1970~:vot’#ARY CURREN&S;)NDARY

1 ❑ GENERAL PRACTICE In 1 ❑ NO SECONDARYACTIVITY la

2 ❑ SURGERY 2D 2 ❑ SURGERY 2H

3 ❑ FOOT ORTHOPEDICS, OR 3U 3 ❑ FOOT ORTHOPEDICS, OR 3D

BIOMECHANICS BIOMECHANICS

4 ❑ PDDDGERIATRICS 4D 4 ❑ PODOGERIATRICS 4U

5 ❑ OTHER ACTIVllY 5D 5 ❑ GENERAL PRACTICE 5D

6 ❑ OTHER ACTIVITY 6D

INSTRUCTIONS FOR QUESTION 12.

IF: a) 1970 data do not refIect all services you currently provide or,

b) Since 1970 you have stopped providing a service previously indicated,

THEN: Mark ALL BOXES under the “Current Services” columns that indicate

all services you provide now.

12. When providingpatient care, which of the servicesbeloware usually renderedbyyouor underyour direction?

m w

1970 CURRENT

SERVICES

1970 CURRENT

SERVICES SERVICES SERVICES

❑ PALLIATIVE SERVICES •1 ❑ FllTING SPECIAL SHOES ❑

❑ HOSPITAL SURGERY •1 ❑ X-RAY SERVICES

fJ OFFICE SURGERY ❑ ULTRASONIC HEAT :

❑ PRESCRIPTION OF DRUGS ‘B ❑ OIATHERMY HEAT ❑

❑ PHYSICAL THERAPY TREATMENT ❑

~

❑ LOW-VOLTAGETREATMENT

~ ORTHOPEDIC OR BIOMECHANICS ❑ ❑ ULTRA-VIOLET LAMP TREATMENT :

❑ WHIRLPOOL TREATMENT ❑ ❑ OTHER SERVICE(S) ❑

1PLEASE GO TO PAGE 3 ON Ti+E REVERSE OF THIS PAGE, I

HRA.T2 (PAGE 2)

REV. 1.74

42
13a. Where is your primary place of podiatric practice or employment located?

STATE COUNTY CITY, TOWN, UNINCORPORATED OR RURAL AREA ZIP CODE

13b. For how many YEARS have YOU been active in podiatry in the locations you specified in item 13a above?

YEARS ACTIVE IN STATE (Specified a(IoI e)

IE?Ezl

YEARS ACTIVE IN COUNTY (Spec;Jied olIoL e)

YEARS ACTWE IN CITY, TOWN, UNINCORPORATED OR RURAL AREA LSpeci/iednkore)

14. Which categorybelowbestdescribes your current PRINCIPAL FORM OF PODIATRIC EMPLOYMENT?

SELF.EMPLOYEIY (Check only one . . . the one usually

❑ SOLO PRACTICE worked most hours per tcesk)

❑ Partnership Practice (Partnership includes hvo or more podiatrists

corrjomtty providing podiatric sewices only)

NUMBER OF PODIATRISTS IN

PARTNERSHIP, INCLUDING YOURSELF

❑ GROUP PRACTICE (Group includes et least one podiatrist conjointly

working with at least one parson in another

health profession, who can independently

+

NUMBER OF PODIATRISTS IN

treat @iints for nonpodiatric ailments) GROUP, INCLUDING YOURSELF

Number of other health professionals in above

sroup who can independently treat patients WHSRE

GENERAL OR FAMILY PRACTICE (M.D. or D.O.) . . . . . .

ORTHOPEDIC SURGEC’4 (M.D. or D.O.) . . . . . . . .

NONE,

INTERNAL MEDICINE (M.D. or D.O.) . . . . . . . . .

WRITE

OTHEft HEALTH PROFESSIONALS (Speci/y: . . 0

J .. . (ZERO)

. . . . . . . . --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- .

EMPLOYEE OF:

❑ FEDERAL GOVERNMENT (Nonmilitary, includes V.A. hospitals, and Public Health Service, etc.)

❑ MILITARY SERVICE (ARMED SERVICES personnel only)

❑ STATE OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT (Includes clinics, health departments, hospitals, nursing homes, schools, etc.)

❑ PREPAID CIRQUP HEALTH PLAN

❑ NON PREPAID GROUP HEALTH PLAN

D NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION OR INSTITUTION (Includes private hospitals, cfinics, nursing homes, schools, etc.)

❑ OTHER PODIATRIST

.- .-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -------------------------------- ---------- ------ . . . . . . . . . . . . ..- ------ ---.------------- ------- ------ ..----

OTHER FORM OF EMPLOYMENT:

1% Indicate the NUMBER end TYPE OF ASSISTANTS whose services you use in your PRINCIPAL FORM OF EMPLOYMENT —

EXCLUDE persons who can independently treat patients — INCLUDE assistants who are temporarily absent due to illness,

injury, training, or vacation, etc.

REPORT NUMBER NOT SHARED by you with any other person SHARED by you with I or more persons

WHERE NONE, WRITE O (ZERO) who can Independently treat pabents who can Independently treat patients

MEDICAL OCCUPATIONS USUALLY WORK USUALLY WORK USUALLY WORK

(Includes parsons trained as follows even if

USUALLY WORK

1 TO 34 HOURS 35 HOURS OR 1 TO 34 HOURS 35 HOURS OR

they are spandlng some time performing non. PER WEEK MORE PER WEEK PER WEEK MORE PER WEEK

medical funchons) (Part Time) (Full Time) (Part Time) (Full Time)

PODIATRY ASSISTANTS

(Trained formally or on-the-job)

REGISTERED NURSES

OTHER MEDICAL OCCUPATIONS

(Speci/y: ——— — ..— — _—— — —_. —

) ——— — ——— — ——— — —.— —

NON.MEDICAL occupations

. .

(Includes receptionists, secretaries, typists,

clericals, and other assistants who

perform only non.medical functions.

HRA.T2 (PAGE 3)

REV 1.74

43
16s. How many NOtJf?S did you spend providing PATlENT CARE LAST WEEK?

(Include also raidsncy and administratit e work related to patient care reuardfew of the setting I

NUMBER OF HOURS (If none, write O (ZERO) and skip quest!on 17)

16b. How many DIFFERENT PATIENTS did you I&. What PERCENTAGES of all the DIFFERENT PATIENTS seen by you LAST

see LAST WEEK, regardless of the setting? WEEK were in the AGE categories specified?

Count ‘each “DIFFERENT PATIENT” only once, regardless of the

number of times seen or the setting.

NUMBER OF~FF~T PATIENTS WHERE % PERCENTAGE 16 YRS. OR LESS

(If none, write O (ZSRO)) NONE, % PERCENTAGE 17 TO 64 YRS.

WRITE

o

% PERCENTAGE65 YRS. OR MORE

(ZERO) 100% ‘ALL DIFFERENT PATIENTS SEEN LAST WEEK

16d. Of the patients seen by you LAST WEEK, 16e. What PERCENTAGES of your PATlENT VISITS MST WEEK were in each

how many PATlENT VISITS do these of the SETTINGS s~ifieif?

represent?

The number of “PATIENT VISITS” is the total number of times

you saw patients last week. include each separate patient visit,

even if the same patient was seen more than once.

NUMBER OF PATlENT VISITS

(If none, wriie O (ZERO))

%

%

WHERE %

NONE, ~

WRITE %

o

(ZERO) %

%

PERCENTAGEIN PRIVATEOFFICE

PERCENTAGEIN HOSPITAL, INPATIENT

PERCENTAGEIN HOSPITAL, OUTPATIENT

PERCENTAGE{N CLINIC (Ncmhospdal cimic)

PERCENTAGEIN NURSING HOME (Home for the afied, extended

care facddy, dommhary, rest home, corwale$cent home, F!Cj

PERCENTAGEIN RESIDENT FACILllY OR SCHOOL FOR THE

HANDICAPPED

PERCENTAGE IN PATlENT’S HOME

I

% PERCENTAGEIN OTHER SETTING(S)

100% = ALL PATlENT VISITS IAST WEEK

17. Are you currentfy in x YES

w

1) HOSPITAL RESIDENCY PROGRAM? 10 2N:

2) CIJNIC RESIDENCY PROGRAM? 10 2H

3) PRECEPTORSHIP PROGRAM? 11-J 2D

18. Do you cun’antfy hava

Ezl

YES NO

1) HOSPITAL PRIVILEGES? lo 2H

2) CLINIC PRIVILEGES? 10 2D

Comments and Suggestmnx

HRA-T2 (PAGE 4)

REV. 1-74 ~ you fc+ jwr participation. please return this completed

queetkmnairnusing the prepaid return envelop prowded.

44
VITAL AND HEALTH STATISTICS Series

s,m’t x J, Prc+pwrns and Collection Procedures. –Reports which describe the wner~l pr! warns IIf th~ N ~t 11-IIwI

Center for Heafth Statistics and its offices and divisions and data collection methods used :md include

definitions and other material necessary for understanding the ciat~.

~,.,rl., ,, :7. Dut,z Ewdtmtiort and Methods Research-Studies of ncw statistical methmf(llo~w inclu~iin~ e:..pcrimrmtal tests of new survey methods, studies of vital statistics collection methods. mw :malvticd

techniques, objective evaluations of reliability of collected data, and contributions to statistical thtiorv.

M rif, 3, , f nalytictd St rfdiis. – Reports presenting analvticd or interpretive studim breed on vital and h~altli

~t~tistics, carryirtg the analysis further than the expository types of reports in the other serius.

S, ri, ~ ,/. LJocunrc’rtts mrcl CL~??LY/titfW h!t’ports. –Final reports of major committees ~~’ncerned With \’it~I and

he.dth statistics and documents such as recommended mod<l vital registration laws and rtv)sed b[rth

.u-sd death certificates.

St riix 10. D,~t,~ From tht Health Interz)icw Survey. –Statistics on illness, accidental inJurics, disability, use CIf

hohpital, mwfic~l, cfcnud, and other services, and other health-related top”, ,, all based on data col]cctec(

in A contirtuin~ national household interview survey.

S, rt,, 11. J),[\,l b“r,tm t[zti, Health Examination Suruev and the Health and l\rutrition Examination ,Sur~$ti$>~. —flat,]

lr{!m L(iR’Ct examination, testing, and measurement of’ rmtiona] samples of the civilian nonin5tituti(tn,llizc.d population provide the basis for two types of reports: (1) estimates of the medicallf’ defined

l,rci.dencc of specific diseases in the United States and the distributions of the population v~ith ctqJ~ct

to physical, physiological, and psychological chamctcristics and ( 2) analysis of rel,itionshtps zinc, nq the

v.lrit}us measurements without reference to an explicit finite universe of persons.

SIII \ 1.?. Du[ti }’rIIt91 [AL+ Institutionalized Population Surzwys. –Discontinued effective 1975. Future ceport~ tr[)m

th~:i~ surveys will be in Series 13.

S, r?,.! Il. D,d,~ Ion Hrdtlz Resources Uti/isatio n.-Statistics on the utilization of health manpower and facilltlcs

providing long-term care, ambulatory care, hospitaf care, and family planning services.

h“~{L v 1.1. hta on HL7alth ~esourc es: Manpower and Facilities.—Statistics on the numbers, geo,gi-aphic cfistri -

bution, and characteristics of heaIth resources including physicians, dentists, nurses, other health

occupations, hospitals, nursing homes, and outpatient facilities.

s’,rif.~ XI. Duta art ~!formality. —\rarious statistics on mortality other than as included in re,wl~ Mnual CIr m~r(thk

reports. Special analyses by cause of death, age, and other demographic vari~bles; geographic arid time

series analyses; and statistics on characteristics of deaths not available from the \,ital records bas~d (on

sample .wveys of those records.

S, i-i,‘., U1. Ikta on Arutality, Afarriage, tim/ Dilwrcc. –Various st~tistics on n~tafitv, nwri.lge, ad di~wrcc nthtr

th.tn M included in regular annual or monthly reports. Special analyses hy dtmcj$Taphic vari.hles;

wwaPIli~ and time series analyses; studies of fertilit>’: and statistics on [-har:acteristics Oi t:irths n(-!t

av.dlablc from the vital records based on sample survevs of those records.

S(”ri(‘v 22. Data From the’ National ,Mortality and ,\’atality Surz,eys. –Discontinued effective 1975. Future reports

from thew sample surveys based on vital records ~vi]l be included in Series 20 and 21, respectively.

Sl,ri,s 23. D,zta From the Nationul Survey of Family Grou’th- Statistics on fertility, family formation ~d dissolution, family planning, and related maternal and infant health topics derwed from a biennial sutw:y

of” ,( n,~tionwidc probability sample of ever- mamied women 15-44 ~e.irs of z<e.

For ,! Iiht of titles of reports published in these series, write to: Scientific and TLSLhnical Infurmat[(.in Branch

N~tiunal Center fnr Health St~tistics

Public lIcalth Semicc

H\attsvillt, kid. 207S2
NCHS

U.S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDuCATION, ANO WELFARE

1

P.bl,c Health Sew,,,

Of f,., of Health Resemh, St,c,sr,c, and Techmlo”y

Nat(on,l Cent,, f.< Health Sr,l,$, $c,

371X East WestH ,ghwy

Hwtwlle, Marvland 20782

OFFICIAL BUSINESS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE uSE, $3CC

POSTA,;E AND FEES PA,

O

IS DK:>CIPTMFhT:)F HEW

tlLW 396

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