IIA 

110TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. J. RES. 23 

Clarifying that the use of force against Iran is not authorized by the Authorization for the Use of Military Force Against Iraq, any resolution previously adopted, or any other provision of law. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

NOVEMBER 1, 2007 

Mr. REID (for Mr. OBAMA) introduced the following joint resolution; which 

was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

JOINT RESOLUTION 

Clarifying that the use of force against Iran is not authorized 

by the Authorization for the Use of Military Force 

Against Iraq, any resolution previously adopted, or any 

other provision of law. 

Whereas the Authorization for the Use of Military Force 

Against Iraq (Public Law 107–243) authorized the President ‘‘to use the Armed Forces of the United States as 

he determines to be necessary and appropriate in order 

to—(1) defend the national security of the United States 

against the continuing threat posed by Iraq; and (2) enforce all relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq’’; 

Whereas, on September 26, 2007, the Senate agreed to a 

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•SJ 23 IS 

ment 2011 to H.R. 1585, stating the sense of the Senate 

that ‘‘the manner in which the United States transitions 

and structures its military presence in Iraq will have critical long-term consequences for the future of the Persian 

Gulf and the Middle East, in particular with regard to 

the capability of the Government of the Islamic Republic 

of Iran to pose a threat to the security of the region’’; 

Whereas, on September 26, 2007, the Senate also stated the 

sense of the Senate ‘‘that it is a critical national interest 

of the United States to prevent the Government of the 

Islamic Republic of Iran from turning Shi’a militia extremists in Iraq into a Hezbollah-like force that could 

serve its interests inside Iraq’’; 

Whereas, on October 25, 2007, the Department of State designated the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) 

and the Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Logistics 

(MODAFL) as proliferators of weapons of mass destruction under Executive Order 13382 in relation to concerns 

about their role in proliferation activities; 

Whereas, on October 25, 2007, the Department of the Treasury also designated 9 IRGC-affiliated entities and 5 

IRGC-affiliated individuals, as derivatives of the IRGC, 

as well as Iran’s state-owned Bank Melli and Bank 

Mellat and 3 individuals affiliated with Iran’s Aerospace 

Industries Organization (AIO), as proliferators of weapons of mass destruction or supporters of terrorism under 

Executive Order 13382; 

Whereas, on October 25, 2007, the Department of the Treasury also designated the IRGC–Qods Force (IRGC–QF) 

as a supporter of terrorism for providing material support to the Taliban and other terrorist organizations, and 


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•SJ 23 IS 

designated Iran’s state-owned Bank Saderat as a terrorist financier, under Executive Order 13224; and 

Whereas any offensive military action taken by the United 

States against Iran must be explicitly authorized by Congress: Now, therefore, be it 

1 Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives

2 of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 That nothing in the Authorization for the Use of Military 

4 Force Against Iraq (Public Law 107–243), any act that 

5 serves as the statutory authority for Executive Order 

6 13382 or Executive Order 13224, any resolution pre7 viously adopted, or any other provision of law including 

8 the terms of Executive Order 13382 or Executive Order 

9 13224 shall be construed to authorize, encourage, or in 

10 any way address the use of the Armed Forces of the 

11 United States against Iran. 

Æ 


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