Vitaland

HealthStatistics

Supplements to the

Monthly Vital

Statistics Report

Series 24:

Compilations of Data on Natality,

Mortality, Marriage, Divorce, and

Induced Terminations of Pregnancy

No, 2

These supplements to the Monthly Vital Statistics Report present data on

births of Hispanic parentage, induced terminations of pregnancy, and other

selected findings based on data from the National Vital Statistics System.

These reports were originally published in 1987 and 1988,

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES

Public Health Service

Centers for Disease Control

National Center for Health Statistics

Hyaftsville, Maryland

May 1989

DHHS Publication No, (PHS) 89-1952
Copyright information

All material appearing (n this report is In the public domain and may

be reproduced or copied without permlsslon; cltatlon as to source,

however, is appreciated.

Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statistics. Supplements to the monthly

vital statistics report. National Center for Health Statlst!cs. Vital

Health Stat 24(2). 1989.
National Center for Health Statistics

Manning Feinleib, M.D., Dr. P,H,, Diwcfor

Robert A, Israel, Deputy Director

Jacob J. Feldman, Ph. D., Associafe Direcfor for Analysis

and Epidemiology

Gail F, Fisher, PII.D., Associa/e Director for Planning md

EKflzmllllwl Progrms

Peter L. Hurley, Associofe Director for Wal md Health

Statistics Systems

Stephen E. Niebercling, Associate Director for Mcrnogement

Charles J. Rothwell, Associate Director for DafczProcessing

and Semites

Monroe G. Sirken, Ph.D., Associate Direcfor for Research

and Methodology

Division of Vital Statistics

John E. Patterson, Director

James A. Weed, Ph,D., Dcpug Director

Robert Bilgracl, Special Assistmt fo the Director

Robert J. Armstrong, Actuarial Adviser

Harry M. Rosenberg, Ph.D., Chiej Mortality Statistics

Branch

Robert L. Heuser, Chiej Natcdity Statistics Branch

Robert L. Heaser, .4cting Chiej Marriage and Divorce

Statistics Branch

George A. Gay, Chie$ Registration Methods Branch

William F. Pratt, Ph. D., ChieJ FatniIy Growth Sun’ey

Brmch

Ronald Chamblce, ChicJ Technical Semites Branch

Mabel G. Smith, Chiej Statistical Resources Branch

Joseph D. Farrell, Chicj Systems and Programming

Branch
Trends in marital status of mothers at conception and birth of first child: United States, 1964-66, 1972, and 1980 . . . . 5

Characteristics of American Indian and Alaska Native births: United States, 1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Births of Hispanic parentage, 1983 and 1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Induced terminations of pregnaney reporting States, 1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

Trends and variations in postpartum sterilization in the United States, 1972 and 1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

Births of Hispanic parentage, 1985 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

.,.

Ill
———

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nlmuilnuilluililltilkti iiruil

————- ——-——_~ ==—- -—— ___= —-— _~—___= ——— —

———— —=—- ==== ..———— =—=___ ——

———

Final Data From the National Center for Health Statistics Vol. 36, No. 2, Supplement. May 29, 1987

Trends in Marital Status of Mothers at Conception

and Birth of First Child:

United States, 1964-66, 1972, and 1980

by Stephanie J. Ventura, A. M., Division of Vital Statistics

Introduction

The purpose of this study is to describe trends in marital

status for first-time mothers. An important aspect of the study

is analyzing data relating to the likelihood that a woman whose

first child was conceived outside marriage would marry before

the birth of the child. The data for this study are derived from

the 1964–66, 1972, and 1980 National Natality Surveys, conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics.

Over the past several years, public interest has been focused on the rising number and proportion of infants born to

unmarried women. This increase has occurred during a period

when fertility rates for married women have been very low.

However, for teenage mothers in particular, the rise in the proportion of births occurring to unmarried women has been dramatic. Among those giving birth for the first time, fewer have

been married prior to the child’s birth-only 50 percent in 1980

compared with 60 percent in 1972 and 76 percent in 1964-66.

During the years covered by these surveys, radical shifts

have occurred in the proportions of women unmarried at various

ages. For example, the proportion of white women unmarned

at ages 20–24 years increased from 34 percent in 1965 to 38

percent in 1972 to 51 percent in 1980.1 The comparable proportions for unmarried white women aged 25–29 years were

12 percent (1965), 16 percent ( 1972), and 27 percent (1980).

The increases were substantial for women of black and other

races as well, and the proportions unmarried were considerably

higher for these women than for white women, regardless of

age. These figures reflect the widespread delay of marriage during the past two decades. It is also apparent that the discovery

of a nonmarital conception is no longer the impetus to a quickly

arranged mam”age that it once was.

Data from earlier studies have shown the health implications associated with nonrnarital childbearing2’3 as well as

the lifetime social and economic consequences of a nonmarital

or premaritally conceived first birth for a young woman.4-6 A

previous study based on the 1980 National Natality Survey

showed, for example, that teenage mothers who were married

prior to conception were somewhat more likely to receive early

prenatal care than those who were married after conception

and that all married teenage mothers were much more likely

than unmarried teenage mothers to have begun prenatal care in

the first trimester? Moreover, the levels of low birth weight

were substantially lower for babies born to married mothers

compared with unmarried mothers. Again, infants born to

mothers married prior to conception were less likely to be of

low birth weight than those born to mothers married within 8

months before the child’s birth.

In the following discussion as well as in the tables and

figures, the terms “nonrnaritally conceived” and “conceived

outside marriage” are used interchangeably. “Premaritally

conceived” births are births to married women that were conceived prior to marriage. In addition, births to unmarried

women are often referred to as “nonrnarital” in the text and

tables.

Sources and limitations of data

Itis not possible to compile data anm.dy on the interval

between marriage and birth of the first child in the United

States because date of the parents’ marriage is not reported on

the birth certificate. However, this information can be derived

from the National Natality Surveys (NNS) conducted periodically by the National Center for Health Statistics. These surU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service
2 ~ MonthlyVitalStatisticsRepoti

veys collect the dates of the mother’s marriage(s) and the first

birth from a national probability sample of mothers giving birth

in each survey year.

The data in this study are restricted to first births to unmarried and once-married mothers. Mothers married more

than once are excluded because it is not possible to measure

the interval between the current marriage and first birth for

many of these women. The number of first births included in

this analysis for 1980 is estimated to be 1,445,000 out of a

total of 1,546,000 first births in 1980. The difference between

these two figures of about 100,000 is an approximation of the

number of first births to mothers married more than once,

For married mothers a distinction is made between those

who married before and those who married after conception.

The interval “O-7 months” or “less than 8 months” is used as

a measure of premaritally conceived births to mothers who

married before the child’s birth. Information on the sampling

procedures, statistical reliability, and other aspects of these

surveys is presented in the Technical notes and in earlier

reports.s-10

Trends in marital and nonmarital

conceptions for all mothers

Of the 1,445,000 first births in 1980,63 percent were conceived within marriage according to data from the 1980 National

Natality Survey (table 1). This was the lowest proportion

measured in the three survey periods. Previous natality followback surveys had shown an increase in this proportion from 67

percent during 1964–66 to71 percent in 1972, *1J2(See figure

1,) First births to women who had been married less than 8

months constituted only 12 percent of the total in 1980 and 10

percent in 1972 compared with 19 percent in 1964–66. This

indicates relative stability between 1972 and 1980 in the proportion of first births occurring to married women who were

premaritally pregnant in contrast with an earlier decrease between 1964–66 and 1972, Simultaneously, the proportion of

first births occurring to unmarned women increased steadily

over this entire period, from 15 percent in 1964–66 to 19 percent in 1972 and 25 percent in 1980,

Between the 1964-66 and 1972 surveys the total proportion of first births conceived outside marriage appeared to be

relatively stable, although the distribution of these births between those whose parents married before the birth of the child

and those whose parents were not married at the time of delivery

shifted somewhat (table 2), During the 1964–66 period, more

than half of the estimated 386,000 nonmaritally conceived first

births occurred to women who married within 8 months prior

to the child’s birth (218,000). By 1972, only one-third of the

estimated 359,000 nonmaritally conceived first births were to

mothers who married prior to the birth of the child, Between

1972 and 1980, the relative distribution of births according to

whether or not the mother married before the child’s birth stayed

about the same even though the proportion of first births that

were nonmaritally conceived had increased from 29 to 37 percent (tables 1 and 2 and figure 1).

There were increases between 1972 and 1980 in the proportions of first births to mothers aged 15-19 and 20-24

years that were nomnaritally conceived, but the increase was

relatively larger for mothers aged 20–24 years. The data also

suggest an increase in nonmarital conceptions for mothers aged

25–29, but the difference is not statistically significant. Among

mothers in their early twenties, the proportion of first births

that were nonmaritally conceived rose from 18 to 28 percent

between 1972 and 1980. Almost all of the increase was in the

proportion of births to unmarried mothers. The proportion of

first births that occurred to mothers marrying prior to delivery

was similar in both years.

Nonrnaritally conceived fiist births increased in 1980 to

unprecedented proportions of all first births among teenage

mothers-76 percent compared with 57 percent in 1964–66

and 59 percent in 1972. In both 1972 and 1980, two-thirds of

the nonmaritally conceived births among teenagers were to unmarried mothers and one-third to mothers marrying prior to

delivery (table 2). In contrast, in 1964–66 the proportion of

nonmaritally conceived first births to unmarried teenage women

was somewhat lower (43 percent) and the proportion of nonmaritally conceived first births to mothers marriedl within 8

months of delivery was higher (58 percent).

The overall trends in nonmarital conceptions for white and

black women were similar to those for women of all races combined (table 1 and figure 2), There were declines between

1964–66 and 1972 and then increases between 1972 and

1980 to levels close to those in 1964–66. For white women the

proportion of first births that were nomnaritally conceived increased from 22 percent in 1972 to 31 percent in 1980, with

somewhat greater increases in the proportion of first births to

unmarried women (table 1). The rise in nonmaritally conceived first births among black women was fi’om63 to 74 percent during this period,

Trends in premarital conceptions for

married mothers

The first part of this report described trends in the marital

status of all mothers at the time their first child was conceived

and born. The analysis in this section is restricted to mothers

who were married when their first child was born; there were

1,083,000 fwst births to married women in 1980. The question

here is, was the birth conceived before or after marriage? For

the three survey years in this study, the trend in premaritaHy

conceived births for married mothers is a slightly V-shaped

curve (table 3 and figure 3). For all once-married women there

was a sharp decline from 22 percent in 1964-66 to 12 percent

in 1972 followed by a rise to 16 percent in 1980. Put another

way, although women who became pregnant outside marriage

in 1972 and 1980 were about equally likely to marry before the

child’s birth (table 1), married women who gave birth in 1980

were more likely than their counterparts in 1972 to have been

premantally pregnant (table 3),

This trend (V-shaped curve) for mothers of all ages is also

found for mothers aged 15– 19 and 20–24 years, with the pro-
❑$# Marital conception

Nonmarital conception

EzlTotal

1964-66 1972 1980

Year

Figure 1, Percent distribution of first live births by mother’s marital status at conception and birth of child: United Statas, 1964-66, 1972,

an-d 1980

portion of premarital conceptions for teenage mothers three to

five times as high as for mothers in their early twenties.

Although the overall trends are the same, the proportion of premarital conceptions among married teenagers was higher in

1980 than in 1964-66 (52 percent compared with 43 percent),

whereas among married women aged 20-24 years, the proportion of premarital conceptions in 1980 was lower than in

1964-66 (11 percent compared with 15 percent). Even though

the figures are not statistically reliable for mothers aged 25

years and older because of small samples, they suggest the

same pattern as for the younger mothers. White and black

married women giving birth to their first child in 1980 were

about equally likely to have conceived prior to marriage, 17

percent for white and 14 percent for black women (table 4).

An examination of mother’s educational attainment indicates that there was an increase between 1964-66 and 1980

in the proportion of births to married mothers who had not

completed high school that were premaritally conceived, from

30 to 37 percent (table 5). In contrast, for mothers with at least

a high schcol diploma there were declines in premarital conceptions. For example, for mothers with at least some college,

the proportion with premarital conceptions declined from 19 to

11 percent. The overall proportion of premaritally conceived

first births to once-married mothers declined Ilom 22 to 16 percent during this period.

One would expect that if increases in premarital concep

tions are confiied to women with limited educational attainment, the increases might be restricted to teenagers. Data are

shown in table 5 for married mothers aged 15– 19 years compared with those aged 20-44 years. Because of sampling variability, many of the differences are not statistically significant.

However, the rise in premarital conceptions was particularly

noticeable for teenaged women with less than 12 years of

schooling. Among married mothers aged 20 years and older,

there were apparently declines in the proportions of first births

that were premaritally conceived in all educational-attainment

groups. This would suggestthat married mothers givingbirth as

teenagers in 1980 were substantially more likely than their
4 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

80

60

40

20

0

cl ~:~ Marital conception

Nonmarital conception

at birth

ed at birth

CL

80 rBlack

60

40

20

0

1964-66 1972 1980

Year

Figure2. Percent distribution of first live biRhaby mothe/a marital status atconception and biRh, according to race: lJnited States, 1964-66,

1972, and 1980
60

50

40

30

1

_ All ages, 15–44years

-- 15-19 years

- = = 20-24 years

04

/

1964-66 1972 1980

Year

counteqxwts in 1964–66 to have married because they were

already pregnant. In other words, although relatively few teenagers were married in 1980, a larger fraction of them had evidently married in response to a premarital conception. This is

consistent with the finding that about half of the married teenage

mothers had less than a high school education in 1980, compared with only about 7 percent of older mothers. A premarital

conception for a teenager can therefore have a much more critical impact on her educational attainment compared with the

impact on a woman in her twenties.

Figure 3. Percent of first births to once-married mothers that were

premeritelly conceived, by age of mother: United States, 1964-66,

1972, and 1980
References

lU.S. Bureau of the Census: Marital status and living arrangements.

Current Population Reports. Series 20, annual issues. Washington.

U.S. Government Printing Otlice.

2National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura Trends in

teenage childbearing, United States, 1970-81. Vital and Health

Statistics. Series 21, No. 41. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 84-1919.

Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Sept. 1984.

3National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura Trends and differentials in births to unmarried women, United States, 1970–76.

Vita/ and Health Statistics. Series 21, No. 36. DHHS Pub. No.

(PHS) 80-1914. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting OffIce, May 1980.

4A. A. Campbell: The role of family planning in the reduction of

poverty. J. kfam”age and Family 30(2):236-245, 1968.

‘T. J. Trussell: Economic consequences of teenage childbearing.

Fare. Plann. Perspect. 8(4):lj34- 190, July-Aug. 1976.

CF. F. Furstenberg The social consequences of teenage parenthood.

Fare, Plann. Perspect. 9(4):148-164, July–Aug. 1976.

7S. J. Ventura and G. E. Hendershoti Infant health consequences of

childbearing by teenagers and older mothers. Public Health Rep.

99(2):1 38-146, Mar.–Apr. 1984.

8National Center for Health Statistics, K. G. Keppel, R. L. Heuser,

P. J. Placek, et al.: Methods and response characteristics: 1980

National Natality and Fetal Mortality Surveys. Vital and Health

Statistics. Series 2, No. 100. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 86-1374.

Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government l?rinting Office, Sept. 1986.

9National center for Health Statistics, M. G. KOVSC Differentialsin

expectation of additional children among mothers of legitimate live

births, United States, 1964-1966. Vital and Health Statistics. Series

22, No. 13. DHEW Pub. No. (HSM) 72–1044. Public Health

Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Oflice, Feb. 1972.

l’%Iational Center for Health Statistics, R. H. Weller and R. L.

Heusec Wanted and unwanted childbearing in the United States,

1968, 1969, and 1972 National Natality Surveys. Vital and Health

Statistics. Series 21, No. 32, DHEW Pub. No. (PHS) 78-1918.

Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Sept. 1978.

1lNation~ Center for Health Statistics Interval between fht nl~age

and legitimate fwst birth, United States, 1964-66. Monthly Vital

Statistics Report. Vol. 18, No. 12 Supp. Public Health Sewice. Rockville, Md., Mar. 27, 1970.

12P. J. Placek: Trend in Legitimate, Legitimated, and Illegitimate

First Births: United States, 1964-66 and 1972. Paper presented at the

American Statistical Association meeting. San Diego, CA, Aug. 14-

17, 1978.

Symbols

. . . Data not available

,,, Categoty not applicable

Quantity zero

0,0 Quantity more than zero but less than

0,05

z Quantity more than zero but less than

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

*

Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision
Table 1. Number of first live births and parcont distribution by mother’s marital status at conception and birth of child, according to race and age of mothar: United States, 1964-66,

1972, and 19S0 National Natality Survays ●nd birth-rsgiatration data

[Refers cmlyto first births to once-married or unmarried mothers. Due to mwsding figures may not add to totals]

1980 1972 1964-661

15-44 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-44 15– 19 20-24 25–29 15-44 15-19

Race and marital status of mother

20-24 25-29

years years yeara years years years years years years years years years

All racesz

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,445

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0

Married atconception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6

Unmarried atconception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.4

Married 0-7months before birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.3

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1

White

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,180

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0

Married at conception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1

Unmarried atconception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.9

Married 0–7months before birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.8

Black

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0

Merried atconception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.1

Unmarried atconception. .,.,.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.9

Married 0-7months before birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.6

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.4

417

100.0

23.7

76.3

26.1

50.1

305

100.0

30.5

69.6

33.4

36.1

104

100.0

*4.8

95.2

*5.8

89.4

589

100.0

71.8

28.0

8.7

19.4

495

100.0

77.2

22.8

9.9

12.9

76

100.0

*36.8

64.5

*3.9

60.5

336

100.0

86.6

13.1

*4.8

*8.3

294

100.0

89.1

10.9

*5.1

5.8

31

100.0

●64.5

*35.5

‘3.2

*32.3

Number in thousands

1,234 418 535

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

70.9 40.9 82.2

29.1 59.1 17.8

10.0 19,1 6.9

19.0 40.0 10,8

Number in thousanda

993 294 455

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100,0

78.3 52.0 85,9

21.8 48.0 13.8

10.8 23.5 7.0

11.0 24.5 6.8

Number in thousands

220 116 74

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

37.3 12.1 59.5

63.2 87.9 41.9

“7.3 *8.6 *6.8

55.9 79.3 35.1

224

100.0

94.6

●5.4

●1.8

*3.6

197

100.0

95.4

*4.6

“2.0

*2.5

22

100.0

*86.4

*1 3.6

*.

*1 3.6

1,154

100.0

66.6

33.4

18.9

14.6

985

100.0

72.6

27.3

18.2

9.1

158

100.0

26.6

73.4

24,1

49.4

434

100.0

42.9

56.9

32.7

24.2

340

100.0

50.3

49.4

34,4

15.0

93

100.0

15.1

83,9

25.8

58.1

526

100.0

77.2

22.8

13.5

9.3

467

100.0

81.4

18.6

12.2

6.4

52

100.0

*36.5

63.5

*26.9

*36.5

139

100.0

91.4

●8.6

●2.9

*5.8

128

100.0

93.0

●6.3

*3.1

*3.1

9

100.0

*66.7

*33.3

*-

*33.3

I Figures are annual averages.

21ncluda~ ~ecesOther than white and black.
8 ~ MomthlyVital StatisticsReport

Table 2. Number of nonmaritally conceived first live births and percent distribution by mother’s marital status at birth of child, according to

age and race of mother: United States, 1964-66, 1972, and 1980 National N atality Surveys and birth-ragiatration data

[Refers only to first births to once-married or unmarried mothers]

1980 1972 1964-661

15–44 75-79 20-24 15-44 15-19 20-24 15-44 15-19 20-24

Race and marital status of mother years years years years years years years years years

All racesz

Unmarried atconception of first child . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Married at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

White

Unmarried atconcaption of first child . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Married at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black

Unmarried atconception of firat child . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Married at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lFigurea are annual averages.

‘Includes races other than white and black.

540

100.0

33.0

67.0

365

100.0

45.8

54.2

164

100.0

6.1

93.9

318

100.0

34.3

65.7

212

100.0

46.1

51.9

99

100.0

86.1

93.9

165

100.0

30.9

69.1

113

100.0

43.4

Number in thousands

359 247 95

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

34.5 32.4 38.9

65.5 67.6 61.1

Number in thousands

216 141 63

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

49.5 48.9 50.8

56.6 50.5 51.1 49.2

Number in thousands

49 139 102 31

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

*6.1 *11.5 *9.8 *16.1

93.9 88.5 90.2 83,9

386

100.0

56.5

43.5

269

100.0

66.5

33.5

116

100.0

32.8

67.2

247

100.0

57.5

42.5

168

100.0

69.6

30.4

7i3

100.0

30.8

69.2

120

100.0

59.2

40.8

87

100.0

65.5

34.5

33

100.0

*42.4

*57.6
Table 3. Number of fimtlive bi~hsto once-merried mothers andperceti distribution byintemal from first marriage to first MRh, according toaga of mother: Unitad States, 1964-66,

1972, and 1980 National Natality Survays

[Due to rounding figures may not add to totals]

Age of mother at first birth

15-44 years t 5-19 years 20-24 years 25-29 years

Interval from first marriage to first biflh 1980 1972 1964-66’ 1980 1972 1964-661 1980 1972 1964-66’ 1980 1972 1964-661

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 8 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8months ormora . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-n months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12-23 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24-35 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36-47 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48-59 montha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60months ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,083

100.0

16.4

83.6

9.0

24.3

15.7

11.4

7.3

15.9

999

100.0

12.4

87.6

20.0

22.3

16.7

11.4

7.5

9.7

986

100.0

22.1

77.9

22.1

29.3

11.5

5.8

2.8

6.5

208 251

100.0 100.0

52.4 31.9

47.6 68.1

15.3 35.0

27.0 27.0

“4.6 5.1

“0.6 “0.4

*0.1 ‘0.2

“0.4

Number in thousands

329 475 477

Percent distribution

100.0 100,0 100.0

43.3

56.7

27.5

25.4

*2.9

“0.7

*O. 1

“0.2

10.8 7.8

89.2 92.2

11.0 19.8

31.5 24.5

21.1 24.1

13.5 12,9

6.8 7.2

5.4 3.7

477

100.0

14.8

85.2

21.5

35.6

16.8

7.7

1.9

1,6

308

100.0

5.3

94.7

*3.1

15.5

17.5

15.8

12.1

30.7

216

100.0

*1.7

98.3

5.5

14.4

16.1

23.0

15.6

23.8

131

100.0

“3.3

96.7

*74.4

20.8

*15.1

“11,0

“11.8

23,6

‘Figures are annual averages.

●
10 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Repoti

Table 4. Number of first live births to once-msrried mothers snd percent distribution by interval from first marriaga to first birth, according to

race of mother: United States, 1980 National Natality Survay

[Due to rounding figures may not add to totals]

Intetvd from first marriage to first birth All races~ White Black

Number in thousands

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,083 982 68

Percent distribution

Allintarvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................... 100.0 100.0 100.0

Less thsn8 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8months or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

8-n months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................

12-23 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..o. .o. ..0 . . . .. o....’.

24-35 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................

36-47 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......................

48-59 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......................

60months or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16.4

63.6

9.0

24.3

15.7

11.4

7.3

15.9

17.0 14.3

83.0 85.7

9.1 *8.2

23.8 31.8

14.8 24.3

11.7 86.1

7.6 “0.2

16.0 15.2

1Includes racea other thsn white and bleck.
Table 5. Numbsr of first live births to once-married mothers and percent distribution by interval from first marriage to firet birth, according

to educational attainment and age of mothec United States, 1964-66 and 1980 National Natality Surveys

[Due to rounding figures may not add to totals]

?980 7964-661

Years of school completed by mother Years of school completed by mother

Age of mother and interval 0-11 12 13-15 16 years ‘ 0-11 12 13-15

from first marriaga to first birth Total

16 years

years years years or more Total years years years or more

15-44 yeare

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allintewals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 8 months..,.......,,. . . . . . . . . .

8months or more .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8-n months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12-23 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

24-35 months, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36-47 months, , . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

48months or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-18 years

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ali intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 8 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8months ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-44 years

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All intervals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,. ,

Less thsn8 months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8months or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,083

100.0

16.4

83.6

9.0

24.3

15.7

11.4

23.1

208

100.0

52.4

47.6

875

I 00.0

7.9

92.1

159

100.0

37.4

62.6

13.2

26.7

9.7

“3.7

9.3

103

100.0

54.0

46.0

57

100.0

‘7.3

92.7

493

100.0

17.8

62.2

9.3

25,7

15.6

11.7

19.9

95

100.0

48.7

51.3

398

100.0

10.4

89.6

228

100.0

10.6

89.4

8.8

25.0

18.7

12.0

24.9

*9

100.0

*78.1

*21 .9

220

100.0

7.9

92.1

Number in thousands

203 986 276

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

*3,2 22.1 30.4

96.8 77.9 69.6

*5.3 22.1 23.2

18.2 29.3 27.5

17.3 11.5 7.2

16.1 5.8 4.0

40.0 9.3 7.6

Number in thousands

*2 329 184

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

“26,4 43.3 41.3

*73.6 56.7 58.7

Number in thousands

201 658 92

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100,0

“3.0 11.6 8.9

97.0 88.4 91.1

485

100.0

21.1

78.9

22,2

29.8

12.2

6.2

8.6

132

100.0

45.9

54.1

353

100.0

11.8

88.2

735

100.0

18.6

81.4

21.6

31.4

12.2

5.3

10.9

13

100.0

*46.2

53.8

122

100.0

15.7

84.3

90

100,0

7.7

92.3

18.9

28.3

19.9

9.7

15.5

*

100.0

*

*

90

100.0

7.7

92.3

I Figures are annual averages.
12 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Technical notes

Sources of data

The data presented in this report are based on the 1964-

66, 1972, and 1980 National Natality Surveys conducted by

the National Center for Health Statistics. A detailed descnp

tion of the methods and procedures of these surveys can be

found in “Methods and response characteristics: 1980 National

Natality and Fetal Mortality Surveys,”8 and other reports for

the earlier surveys.9J0 The following notes briefly describe

survey procedures relevant to this report.

The National Natality Survey (NNS) is based on a probability sample of registered live births in the United States for

‘tie years 1964–66, 1972, and 1980. The 1980 NNS sample

consisted of 9,941 live births, or approximately 1 in every 363

live births. The sample for the 1972 NNS included 6,505

births or 1 in every 500 births. The 1964.-66 sample included

a total of 11,331 births, or approximately 1 in every 1,000

births. Demographic and socioeconomic information beyond

that available from the certificate of live birth was sought from

the mother in a mailed questiomaire. To ensure their privacy,

mothers who were not married were not contacted in any

survey yem, data shown in this report for unmarried mothers,

therefore, are based on registration information from the birth

certificates. The NNS data have been weighted to provide estimates for the appropriate populations of live births in the

United States in 1964-66, 1972, and 1980.

Sampling error

Because NNS estimates are based on a sample, they may

differ from the figures that would have been obtained had all

live births been surveyed. The use of probability sampling

techniques makes it possible to approximate sampling errors

for these estimates.

The standard error is a measure of the variability that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed. Although the standard errors calculated for

this report reflect some of the random variation inherent in the

measurement process, they do not measure any systematic

error, or bias, that may be present in the data.

The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate from

the sample differs by less than one standard error from the

figure that would be obtained from a complete census of all

births; the chances are about 95 out of 100 that the estimate

differs by less than two standard errors. The relative standard

error of an estimate is obtained by dividing the standard error

of an estimate by the estimate itself and can be expressed as a

percent. In this report an estimate is considered unreliable if it

is based on fewer than 30 sample cases in 1980, or fewer than

20 cases in 1964–66 and 1972, or if its relative standard error

NOTE: A list of references follows the text.

is 25 percent or greater. For purposes of t.iis repout, standard

errors for the 1980 NNS were estimated using a balanced

repeated replication technique. This technique produces highly

reliable, unbiased estimates of sampling errors. Its application

to the NNS is described elsewhere.8 Standard errors for the

1964–66 NNS and 1972 NNS were estimated by interpolation from tables showing approximate standard errors for those

survey years.

Standard errors for the percents shown in table 1 of the

text are presented in table I of these notes. Approximate standard errors for the percents shown in tables 2–5 are shown in

tables II–IV of these notes.

Testing differences

The determination of statistical significance fcr this study

is based on a two-tailed t test, with a signit3cance level of 5 percent. Terms in the text relating to differences such as “higher”

or “less” indicate that the differences are statistically significant unless otherwise noted. Terms such as “similar” or

“equally likely” mean that no statistically significant difference exists between the estimates being compared. No inference about statistical significance should be made about any

ditTerences not discussed in the text they mayor may not be

sifllcant.

Definitions of terms

Age of mother—Age of mother refers to age at last

birthday and is recorded or derived from entries on the birth

certificate.

Educational attainment of mother—Educational attainment refers to the highest grade of regular school completed.

Regular school consists of elementary and high school and

college or university and does not include trade or business

schools. Data are derived from responses on the questionnaire

concerning the highest grade of school attended and completed

by the mother.

First births—Live-birth order is derived from an item on

the birth certificate asking for the number of previous live

births. If there were no previous live births, this was a first

birth.

Interval from jirst marriage tojirst birth—This is the difference in months between the date of first marriage: as reported

on the questiomaire and the date of first birth as recorded on

the birth certificate.

Race of mother—Race is recorded or derived from entries

on the birth certitlcate. The category “white” includes all

mothers reported in the race item as white or as Mexican,

Puerto Rican, or Cuban.
—Tabla 1. Standard errors for estimated percent distributions of first live births, axpraased in percentage points, by mother’s ago, race, and marital status at conception and birth of

child: United Statas, 1964-66, 1972, and 1980 National Natality Survays and birth-registration data

1980 1972 1964–661

Race and marital status of mother 15-44 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-44 15-19 20-24 25-29 15-44 15-19 20-24 25-29

atcorrception arrdbirth of first child years years years years years years years yaars years years years years

All racesz

Married at conception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.38 1.02 0.94 1.14 0.69 1.31 0.93 0.94 0.80 1.43 0.90 1.44

Unmarried at conception 0.52 1.46 0.74 0.91 0.54 1.50 0.66 0.48 0.80 1.43

Marriad 0-7months bafore birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.04 1.44

0.47 1.20 0.69 0.88 0.43 1.01 0.55 30.45 0.65

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.36 0.85 30.86

0.15 0.52 0.16 0.12 0.20 0.72 0.21 0.12 0.57 1.22 0.76 1.23

White

Married at conception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.49 1.45 1.16 1.22 0.72 1.59 0.89 0.88 0.81 1.62

Unmarried atconception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1.03 1.36

0.62 1.88 0.76 0.94 0.59 1,83 0.69 0.54 0.81

Married 0-7months before birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,62 1.03 1.31

0.57 1.60 0.72 0.91 0.50 1.30 0.60 30.50

Unmarried at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0.67 1.56 0,89 30.91

0.12 0,46 0.13 0.11 0.14 0.60 0.15 0.09 0.49 1,16 0.69 30.91

Black

Married at conception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.07 1.32 3.22 6.63 1.88 1,56 3.50 4.86 2.18 2.13 3.s5 (4)

Unmarried atconception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.66 2.28 2.89 3.48 1.68 2.31 2.50 1.33 2.18 2.19 3.85 (4)

Marriad 0-7months before birth.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.68 1.73 1.81 2,55 0.67 1.36 1,50 2.12 2.66 3.53

Unmarriad at birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,43 1.44 2.28 2.57 1.26 1,68 1.66 1.33 2.47 2.99 3.85 (4;

lFigures ars annual averages,

‘Includes races other than white end black.

3Thenumber ofunweighted bitihsin numerator ofpercent was fewer than 20in1964-66 and 1972 NetionaI Natality Suways.

4Appropriate formulas ware not available for calculating the standard errors of these estimates based on fewer than 20 unwaighted births.
14 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Repofi

Table II. Approximate standard arrorsfor percentages expressed in percentage points: 1964-66 National Natelity Survey

Estimated percentage

Base of percentage 2 Or 98 5 or 95 100r90 20 or 80 25 or 75 30 or 70 40 or 60 50

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.5 2.3 3.2 4.2 4.6 4.8

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1

5.2

1.8

5.3

2.4 3.3 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.1

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9

250,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.7

500,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.4

1.8

0.6

1.8

0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3

1,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8

2,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2

0.9

0.3

0.9

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Table II1. Approximate Wandard arrorsfor estimated percentages expressed in percentage points: 1972 National Natality Survay

Estimated percentage

Base of percentage 2 or 98 5 or 95 100r90 20 or 80 30 or 70 40 or 60 50

10,000......................... .......

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

200,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

500,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,, .

700,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2

1.3

1.0

0.8

0.7

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

3.5

2.0

1.6

1.3

1.1

0.8

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

4.8

2.8

2.1

1.8

1.5

1.1

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.3

6.4

3.7

2.9

2.4

2.0

1.4

0.9

0.8

0.6

0.4

7.3

4.2

3.3

2.8

2.3

1.6

:::

0.7

0.5

7.8

4.5

3.5

3.0

2.5

1.8

1.1

0.9

0<8

0.6

8.0

4.6

3.6

3.0

2.5

1.8

1.1

1.0

0.6

0.6
Table IV. Approximate standard emorafor estimated percentages expressed inpercentage points, byraceof mothan1980 National Natality

fhlNcw

Estimated percentage

Race of mother and base of percentage 2 or 98 5 or 95 100r90 20 or 80 30 or 70 40 or 60 50

All racea and white

10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

200,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

500,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

700,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black

10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

200,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.7

1.6

1.2

1.0

0.9

0.6

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.2

2.8

1.6

1.2

1.0

0.9

0.6

4.2

2.4

1.9

1.6

1.3

0.9

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

4.3

2.5

1.9

1.6

1.4

1.0

5.8

3.4

2.6

2.2

1.8

1.3

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.4

5.9

3.4

2.6

2.2

1.9

1.3

7.8

4.5

3.5

2.9

2.5

1.7

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.5

7.9

4.6

3.5

3.0

2.5

1.8

8.9

5.1

4.0

3.4

2.8

2.0

1.3

1.1

0.9

0.6

9.1

5.2

4.0

3.4

2.9

2.0

9.5

5.5

4.3

3.6

3.0

2.1

1.3

1.1

1.0

0.7

9.7

5.6

4.3

3.7

3.1

2.2

9.7

5.6

4.3

3.7

3.1

2.2

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.7

9.9

5.7

4.4

3.7

3.1

2.2
16 Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statistics, S, J. Ventura:

Trends in marital status of mothers at conception

and birth of first child: United States, 1964–66,

1972, and 1980. Monthly Vital Statistics Repom

Vol. 36, No. 2, SUPP. DHHS Pub. No. 87-1120,

Public Health Service. Hyattaville, Md., May 29,

1987.

Copyright Information

This report may be reprinted without further

permission.
—— .. === ==- ——— ————-— =—————=* =

.— —-—— -=== ===— -—

—— ———— — ——- —. sBmuNlililHl$lRfiii Hrrut

——-— ——-== ==~~— ———= __=~ s —- -———-- —-—- ———— -——_ ———. —__ ——__ __=

-—— ———= ———— -——— —__ ___ _

Final Data From the National Center for Health Statistics Vol. 36, No. 3, Supplement ● June 19, 1987

Characteristics of American Indian and Alaska Native Births:

United States, 1984

by Selma M. Taffel, Division of Vital Statistics

Introduction

In 1984, Indian births represented only 1 percent of all

births in the United States. But the number of these births has

grown rapidly in recent years, from 25,864 in 1970 to 41,451

in 1984 (table 1). Between 1970 and 1975, Indian births increased by 7 percent, between 1975 and 1980 by 34 percent,

and between 1980 and 1984 by an additional 13 percent.

These large increases are in sharp contrast to a 16 percent

decline in births for all races combined in the 1970-75 period

and an increase of only 2 percent in the 1980–84 period. A

substantial increase in the Indian population also occurred in

the 1970-80 period.1 However, a preliminary evaluation of the

1970 and 1980 Censuses of Population suggests that some of

this increase may have been due to a greater frequency of individuals of mixed Indian and non-Indian descent reporting

their race as Indian.] This may also account for some of the

large increase in the number of Indian births.

Treaties dating from 1784 and laws enacted by Congress

establish the Federal Government’s responsibility for Indians

and Alaska Natives. Since 1955, the Indian Health Service

has provided a comprehensive health care delivery system for

Indian members of tribal organizations recognized by the Federal Government who reside in counties with Indian reservations or in contiguous counties. The Indian Health Service also

funds ambulatory care for Indians living in urban areas.

In this report, information derived from live-birth certificates is used to compare the demographic profile of Indian

mothers with those of white and black mothers and also to

compare birth outcomes (period of gestation, birth weight, and

Apgar scores). Racial designation is that of the child, and it is

determined from the race of both parents as entered on the

birth certificate (see Technical notes). For convenience in the

ensuing discussion, the terms Indian mother, American Indian

mother, and Alaska Native mother are occasionally used, regardless of the metier’s actual reported race, because almost

three-fourths of Indian babies have mothers who are the same

race.

It was not possible to distinguish Eskimo and Aleut births

from other Indian b-. Eskimos, Aleuts, and other Indians

residing in Alaska are referred to as “Alaska Natives”; those

residing in other States are referred to as “American IrWms.”

The composite group of American Indians and Alaska Natives

is referred to as “Indian.” According to the 1980 Census of

Population, tw@hirds of the Alaska Natives are Eskimos and

Aleuts and one-third are other Indians.l

In this report, a distinction is made between American

Indians and Alaska Natives because there are differences between these two groups with respect to their demographic prfiles, health care, and birth outcomes. Comparisons are also

drawn between Indians living in reservation and nonreservation areas.

Geographic distribution of Indian births

In 1984, more than half (55 percent) of the American

Indian mothers were residents of the West, 22 percent were

residents of the South, 19 percent were Midwest residents, and

only 4 percent were Northeast residents (table 2). Slightly

more than half of all American In&n mothers were residents

of four State~ Arizona and Califomi~ 15 percent eac~ Oklahoma, 13 percen~ and New Mexico, 9 percent. Minnesota,

Montana, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Washington

each accounted for 4 to 5 percent of American Indian births.

Births to Alaska Natives represented 6 percent of all Indian

births.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service
Age of mother and live-birth order

The age distribution of American Indian mothers in 1984

was fairly similar to that of Alaska Native mothers (table 3).

There were minor differences in the proportion of mothers

under 20 years of age (20 percent of American Indian mothers

compared with 18 percent of Alaska Native mothers) and in

the proportion of mothers aged 30 years and older ( 18 percent

of American Indians compared with 20 percent of Alaska

Natives). There are far more substantial differences between

the age distributions of Indian and white mothers. One in five

Indian mothers was under 20 years of age compared with only

1 in 10 white mothers (figure 1); 25 percent of white mothers

were 30 years of age or older compared with 18 percent of

Indian mothers. The age distribution of Indian mothers was

more similar to that of black mothers; 24 percent of black

mothers were under 20 years old and 17 percent of black

mothers were 30 years of age or older.

One of the reasons for the higher proportion of young

Indian than white mothers is that the Indian female population

is younger than the white female population; in 1980, the

median age of Indian females was 23.4 years compared with

32.5 years for white females.2

A comparison of American Indian, Alaska Native, white,

and black fertility can be made by examining the distributions

of births by live-birth order. As shown in table 4, these distributions are quite similar for American Indians and Alaska

Natives-about one-third of the births are first births and 18–

21 percen~ fourth or higher order births. This is an indication.

that the fertility of American Indians and Alaska Natives is

quite similar.

There are proportionately more white and black first births

than Indian first births and relatively fewer white and black

30

r

I

20

10

0

24

Total American Alaska WHITE BL4CK

Indian Native

INDIAN

Figure 1. Percent of Indian, white, and black births to mothers

under 20 years of age: Unitad States, 1984

fourth and higher order births. It appears then that Indian

women currently have substantially higher fertility than either

white or black women. This is further substantiated by a comparison of 1980 fertility rates from vital statistics data and the

number of children ever born to Indian, white, and black WG

men as reported in the 1980 Census of Population.3 In 1980,

the fertility rate (births per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years)

was 103.6 for Indians compared with 64.7 for white women

and 88.1 for black women. The average number of children

ever born per 1,000 Indian women aged 15–44 years was

1,687; for white women, it was 1,246 and for black women,

1,576.

Educational attainment

American Indian mothers are more likely than Alaska

Native mothers to have less than 12 years of schooling 39

percent of American Indian mothers compared with31 percent

of Alaska Native mothers who gave birth in 1984 had not

completed high school (table 5 and figure 2). Hclwever, the

same proportion of mothers of both Indian groups (20 percent)

had completed 13 or more years of schooling.

The educational attainment of Indian mothers as a group

was far less than that of white mothers and slightly less than

that of black mothers. More than twice the proportion of Indian

than white mothers (38 percent compared with 18 percent) had

40 r 3S

30

20

10

0

39

Tota I American Alaska WHITE BLACK

Indien Native

INDIAN

Figure 2. Percant of Indian, white, and black mothars with less

than 12 years of school: 47 reporting States and the District of

Columbia, 1984
less than 12 years of schooling. The proportion of Indian

mothers with less than 12 years of schooling was also higher

than that of black mothers (33 percent). While 39 percent of

white mothers and 24 percent of black mothers had completed

13 or more years of schooling, only 20 percent of Indian

mothers had this level of educational attainment.

These differences in educational attainment cannot be

wholly explained by the younger age of Indian mothers. If

racial comparisons are liited to women aged 20 years and

older, it is still evident that the educational attainment of Indian

mothers is less than that of white or black mothers. For women

aged 20 years and older, 31 percent of Indian mothers, but 13

percent of white mothers and 23 percent of black mothers, had

less than a high school educatio~ 24 percent of Indian mothers,

compared with 43 percent of white mothers and 31 percent of

black mothers, had completed at least 13 years of schooling

(table not shown).

It is important to note that the birth certificates for California, Texas, and Washington did not include educational attainment. In 1984 19 percent of Indian mothers resided in

these three States.

Births to unmarried women

Out-of-wedlock childbearing occurs with about the same

frequency among American Indian as among Alaska Native

mothers-397 per 1,000 American Indian births and 405 per

1,000 Alaska Native births were to unmarried women. The

overall out-of-wedlock ratio for Indian births (398 births to unmarried mothers per 1,000 total births) was intermediate bebveen the white ratio (134) and the black ratio (592) (table 6).

Out-of-wedlock childbearing is more common among

young mothers and, as noted earlier, Indian mothers tend to be

younger than white mothers. However, this does not explain

the racial differential. For mothers in all age groups the Indian

out-of-wedlock ratio is higher than the white ratio and lower

than the black ratio. If each racial group had the same age

distribution as that of all races combined, there would be only a

small change in the comparative level of out-of-wedlock childbearing between Indian and white mothers and no change between Indian and black mothers. Before adjustment for age

ditTerences,the Indian out-of-wedlock ratio of 398 was 3 times

as high as the white ratio of 134; after adjustment, the Indian

ratio was 2.5 times as high. Because both Indian and black

mothers are younger than mothers of all races combined, adjustment for age differences lowered both the Indian and the

black ratios, and the black ratio remained 1.5 times as high as

the Jndian ratio.

Sex ratio and multiple-birth ratio

The sex ratio at birth (males per 1,000 females) varies

widely among racial groups. A large difference is evident between the ratios for Alaska Native births (1,058) and American Indian births (1,0 11). The overall Indian ratio of 1,014 is

distinctly lower than either the white ratio of 1,054 or the black

ratio of 1,031. This probably reflects a difference in the level of

fetal mortality because the sex ratio for fetal deaths is higher

than that of live births.4

The multiple-birth ratio (live births in multiple deliveries

per 1,000 total live births) was higher for Alaska Native births

(24.9) than for American Indian births (17.6) (table 6). The

overall Indian ratio (18. 1), mainly reflecting American Indian

births, was lower than that for either white (19.8) or black

births (24.2). The multiple-birth ratio is lower for Indian than

for black mothers for all ages over 14 years, but there is a less

consistent pattern when the comparison is between Indian and

white mothers. For mothers under 15 years, 25–29 years, and

40 years and over, the white ratio is lower than the Indian

ratio. Because there is a positive association between the

multiple-birth ratio and mother’s age (the. older the mother is,

up to ages 35–39 years, the more likely she is to have a

multiple birth),s ratios for each racial group were adjusted to

reflect the age distribution of all races combined. As can be

seen in table 6, this adjustment had the effect of making the

overall Indian ratio more comparable to the white ratio but had

little effect on the Iixlian-black differential.

Place of delive~ and attendant at birth

In 1984,only 1 percent of all births in the United States

occurred outside of hospitals. The proportion of American

Indian births occurring outside of hospitals was also 1 percent,

but for Alaska Native births, it was 2.6 percent (table 7). Many

Alaska Native mothers live in remote isolated areas,b and the

lack of passable roads may hinder ready access to hospital

facilities.

When the delivery is in a hospital, Indian mothers are far

more likely to be attended by a midwife than either white or

black mothers: 7 percent of American Indian mothers and 8

percent of Alaska native mothers compared with 2 percent of

white and 3 percent of black mothers who gave birth in a hospital were attended by midwives. Although it was not possible

to differentiate between lay midwives and nurse-midwives for

this report, it is reasonable to assume that all midwife deliveries in hospitals are by nurse-midwives.

Only 10 percent of Alaska Native mothers delivering in a

nonhospital setting were attended by physicians, a far lower

proportion than for American Indian mothers (29 percent),

white mothers (25 percent), or black mothers (45 percent).

About one in four Indian out-of-hospital births (26 percent)

was attended by a midwife, intermediary between the comparable proportions for white (47 percent) and black births (17

percent). As for in-hospitid births, it was not possible to separately identify lay-midwife and nurse-midwife attendants for

out-of-hospital deliveries.

Avery high proportion of Indian mothers giving birth outside of a hospital were attended by persons other than physicians or midwives. This is especially evident for Alaska Native mothers, 72 percent of whom were attended by “other”
4 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

persons, compared with 43 percent of American Indian mothem,

28 percent of white mothers, and 38 percent of black mothers.

Although it is not possible to further identify “other” persons,

it is probable they are friends and relatives of the mother.

Prenatal care

Delaying the start of prenatal care or receiving no prenatal

care is a more common occurrence among American Indian

mothers than among Alaska Native mothers; 13 percent of American Indian mothers compared with 9 percent of Alaska Native

mothers started care as late as the seventh month of pregnancy or

obtained no prenatal care during pregnancy (table 8). A lower

proportion of American Indian than Alaska Native mothers

started care in the first 3 months of pregnancy (60 percent

compared with 66 percent).

Indian mothers as a group are far more likely to start care

late in pregnancy or to have no care than are white mothers.

Their pattern of care is more similar to that of black mothers.

Overall, 12 percent of Indian mothers compared with 5 percent

of white mothers and 10 percent of black mothers had late care

(care starting in the third trimester of pregnancy) or no care.

Mothers who start care late are likely to make fewer prenatal visits, The higher level of delayed care among Indian

mothers than among other groups is reflected in a lower median

number of prenatal visits: Indian mothers averaged 10.0 visits

compared with 12.0 visits for white mothers and 10.3 visits for

black mothers (table 8).

Birth weight and period of gestation

An infant’s birth weight is highly associated with its ptential for survival and the risk of morbidity. The percent of

Indian infants that are of low birth weight (less than 2,500

grams or 5?4 pounds) compares favorably with that for white

infants and is only half that observed for black infants. In 1984,

6.2 percent of Indian infanta weighed less than 5% pounds,

compared with 5.6 percent of white infants and 12.4 percent of

black infants. American Indian infants were slightly more likely

than Alaska Native infants to be of low birth weight (6.2 percent compared with 5.9 percent) (table 9 and figure 3).

The percent of white and Indian infants weighing 4,000

grams or more (8 pounds 14 ounces or more) was nearly identical (12.4 percent compared with 12.1 percent), but Indian

infants were more than twice as likely as black infants to weigh

this much (5. 3 percent).

Period of gestation is highly correlated with birth weight,

and pretenn infants (less than37 weeks’ gestation) have a high

probability of a low-birth-weight outcome. Although Indian infants were only 11 percent more likely than white infants to be

of low birth weight, they were nearly 40 percent more likely to

be born preterm ( 11 percent of Indian infants compared with 8

percent of white infants) (table 10). However, the same pro

~

NOTE Low birth weight IS less than 2,500 grams or 5~, pounds.

Figure 3. Percent of Indien, white, end black births of low birth

weight United States, 1984

portion of white and Indian infants had gestations of 41 weeks

or longer (32 percent). Indian infants were one-third less likely

to be pretenn than were black infants (11 percent compared

with 17 percent) but, as noted earlier, Indian infants were onehalf as likely to be of low birth weight. Indian births were also

more likely than black births to have gestational periods of41

weeks or longer (32 percent compared with 24 percent).

Although American Indian infants and Alaska Native infrmts had about the same risk of preterm delivery (11 percent

compared with 12 percent), American Indian infants were

more likely to have gestations extending to 41 weeks or longer

(32 percent compared with 25 percent).

The favorable birth-weight distribution for Indian births

compared with white births is unexpected in light of Indian

mothers’ lower educational attainment and younger ages, relatively high proportion who are unmarried and who start prenatal care late or who have no prenatal care, and the much

higher proportion of preterm births. Therefore, the incidence of

low birth weight for Indian infants was further examined according to these characteristics. It is evident from the data

presented in table 11 that the proportion of low-birth-weight

Indian infants is about equal to or lower than that of white

infants for many of these variables. Especially striking is the

markedly lower incidence of low birth weight for Indian mothers

who are teenagers, who are unmarried, who start care late in

pregnancy or have no care, who have less than 12 years of

schooling, and who have premature births (less than 37 weeks’

gestation).

Thus the relatively unfavorable demographic profile of

Indian mothers, lack of prenatal care, and high incidence of

prematurity are offset by the very favorable birth weight for

these groups compared with their white counterparts. Apparently other factors that cannot be identified from birth certificate data play an important role in the birth weight for Indian

mothers in high-risk categories.
Monthly VitalStatisticsReport~ 5

Apgar score

Another predictor of an infant’s chances for survival is the

Apgar score. This is a summary measure of five conditions

observable at birth: Heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone,

reflex irritability, and color. Each of these factors is assigned a

value of O, 1, or 2, with an overall score of 10 being optimum.

A score of less than 7 indicates that the infant is moderately to

severely depressed and in need of immediate medical attention.

The l-minute Apgar score is used to evaluate the infant’s

condition immediately after birth. As shown in table 12, 11.0

percent of Indian infants had l-minute Apgar scores of less

than 7, compared with 9.3 percent of white infants and 12.4

percent of black infants. Alaska Native infants were more likely

than American Indian infants to have a score of less than 7

(13.6 percent compared with 10.8 percent).

The 5-minute Apgar score is a better predictor than the 1-

minute score of long-term health problems and chances of

survival. Again, the proportion of Indian infants with a score of

less than 7 (2.0 percent) was intermedhry between those for

white (1.7 percent) and black infants (3.3 percent).

Apgar scores are highly associated with birth weight. Because the birth weight of Indian infants compares favorably

with that of white infants the less favorable Apgar scores of

Indian infants are unexpected. Factors that cannot be identified from information on birth certificates may explain this

anomaly.

Residence on reservations

The 1980 census showed that one-fourth of all Indians

lived on reservations.l Although information abstracted from

birth certificates does not indicate whether a mother’s residence

is on a reservation, the mother’s county of residence can be

used as an approximation. In this report, if at least half of the

Indian population of a county lived on a reservation, as tabulated in the 1980 census, the county was considered a “reservation” county; all other counties were classified as “nonreservation.” By grouping counties by reservation status, it became

possible to do a comparison of the health and demographic

characteristics of Indian mothers residing in reservation and

nonreservation areas.

As shown in table 13, there were only minimal differences

in the age of Indian mothers according to reservation status,

but mothers living in reservation areas were far more likely to be

having a fourth or higher order birth and less likely to be having

a first child. This indicates that the fertility of mothers living in

reservation areas is far greater than that of other Indian mothers.

The proportion of mothers living in reservation areas who

had completed less than 12 years of schooling was 14 percent

higher than that of mothers living in nonreservation areas (41

percent compared with 36 percent), and 13 percent fewer

mothers living in reservation areas had completed at least 13

years of schooling ( 18 percent compared with 21 percent). In

addition, out-of-wedlock childbearing is more frequent for

mothers living in reservation areas (52 percent of mothers in

reservation areas compared with 35 percent of mothers in nonreservation areas were unmarried). Prenatal care was less ade-.

quate in terms of timing for Indian mothers living in reservation

areas-5 6 percent started care in the first trimester of pregnancy compared with 62 percent of nonreservation mothers,

and 15 percent had late or no care compared with 11 percent of

nonreservation mothers.

Although 99 percent of both reservation and nonreservation mothers delivered their infants in a hospital, 15 percent of

reservation mothers had a midwife attendant in the hospital

compared with 4 percent of nonreservation mothers.

As indicated earlier, the incidence of low birth weight for

Indian infants is only 11 percent higher than that for white

infants (6.2 percent compared with 5.6 percent). The percent

low birth weight for infants born to reservation mothers was

identical to that of white infants, 5.6 Percenq but for infants of

nonreservation mothers it was somewhat higher, 6.4 percent.

A reduced risk of low birth weight of about one-half of a percentage point for reservation mothers was also found for 1982

and 1983 births. The lower incidence of low birth weight for

mothers living in reservation areas compared with that of

mothers living in nonreservation areas is especially puzzling in

light of the latter’s lower incidence of out-of-wedlock childbearing, higher level of educational attainmen~ and earlier

prenatal care.
References

IU.S. Bureau of the Census: 1980 Census of Population, supplementary Report, American Indian Areas and Alaska Native Villages, 1980. PC80–S 1– 13. Washington. U.S. Government Printing

Oftice, Aug. 1984.

2U.S. Bureau of the Census: 1980 Census of Population, Vol. 1,

Characteristics of the Population, Chapter B, General Population

Characteristics, Part 1, United States Summary. PC80- 1–B 1.

Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, May 1983.

3U.S. Bureau of the Census: 1980 Census of Population, Vol. 1,

Characteristics of the Population, Chapter C, General Social and

Economic Characteristics, Part 1, United States Summary. PC80–

1–CI. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Office, Dec. 1983.

‘$G.E. Msr~e: sexratioatbirth Values, variance, ~ld some

determinants. Demography 11(1 ):13 1–142, Feb. 1974.

SNationaI Center for Health Statistics, R. L. Heusen l~ultiPle

births, 1964. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 21, No. 14.

DHE W Pub. No. (HRA) 76– 1298. Public Health Service. Washington. U.S. Government Priiting OffIce, Oct. 1967.

‘Indian Health Service: A comprehensive health care program for

American Indians and Alaska natives. Public Health Serivce. U.S.

Department of Health and Human Services.

Symbols

. . . Data not available

. . . Category not applicable

Quantity zero

0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than

0.05

z Quantity more than zero but less than

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

*

Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision (when the base of

the measure includes fewer than 20

events)
Monthly Vial Statistics Report~ 7

Table 1. Numbar of Amarican Indian, Alaska Native, white, and black bitihs and percent chenge: United States, selected years. 1970-84

All American Alaska

Yaar racesl Total Indian Native White Black

Number

1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,669,141 41,451 38,844 2,607 2,923,502 592,745

1980 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,612,258 36.797 34,629 2,168 2,898,732 589,616

1975 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,144,198 27,546 25,806 1,740 2,551,996 511,581

1970 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,731,386 25,864 24,218 1,646 3,091,264 572.362

Percent change

1980 -84 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 12.6 12.2 20.2 0.9 0.5

1975 -80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.9 33.6 34.2 24.6 13.6 15.3

1970-75 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15.7 6.5 6.6 5.7 -17.4 –1 0.6

1Includes races not shown separately.

Table 2. percent distribution of American Indian, Alaska Native, white, and black ~rths by mothefs re9iOn Of residence: United States. 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Region of residenca racesi Total Indian Native White Black

Percant distribution

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6 3.5 3.7 19.1 18.0

Midwest . . . . . . . . . .

. . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.6 17.7 18.9 26.2 19.7

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . .

34.5 20.7 22.1 31.9 52.1

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

.,.

22.3 58.1 55.3 100.0 22.8 10.2

I Includes races not shown separately.
a ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Repoti

Table 3. Percent distribution of American Indian, Alaska Native, white, and bleck births by age of mothec United Statea, 1984

lndian

All American Alaska

Age of mother racesl Total Indian Native White Black

Alleges, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0

0.3

12.8

0.7

1.4

2.4

3.5

4.7

100.0

0.4

19.7

0.9

2.3

3.9

5.5

7.2

Percent distribution

00.0

0.2

17.5

0.6

1.6

3.3

5.2

6.7

20-24 years..,.,..,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 36.9 37.0 35.4

25–29 yeara. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.8 25.1 25.0 26.9

100.0

0.4

19.8

0.9

2.3

3.9

5.5

7.2

00.0 100.0

0.1 1.0

11.0 22.7

0.4 1.8

1.1 3.2

2.0 4.6

3.1 6.0

4.3 7.1

30.7 34.3

33.1 24.8

30-34 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.9 12.6 12.5 14.4

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18.8 12.5

5.3 4.5 4.5 4.8 5.4 4.1

40-49 years,,....,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 0.8 0.8 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.7

1Includes races not ahown separately.

Tabla 4. Percent distribution of American Indian, Aleske Native, white, and black births by live birth order United Statea, 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Live-bitih order racesl Total Indian Nativa White Black

Percent distribution

All birth orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

latb!rth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.9 35.6 35.7 33.5

Zd birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42.5 39.6

33.1 28.6 28.6 28.1 33.9 29.6

3dbwth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 17.7 17.7 17.5 15.1 16.9

4thandhigher order births, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., 9.6 18.1 17.9 20.9 8.5 13.9

1Includes racea not shown separately.
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 9

Table 5. Number and percent distribution of Americen Indian. Aleska Native, white, and black births by educational attainment of mothan 47

States and the District of Columbia, 1984

All American Alaska

Years of school complated races~ Total Indian Native White Black

Allyears ofschoolz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears of school . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,853,459

100.0

3.6

17.3

79,1

42.8

19.8

16.4

33,478

100.0

5.8

32.2

62.0

41.9

15.5

4.5

30,871 2,607

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

5.9 5.2

32.8 25.5

61.3 69.4

41.4 49.0

15.4 16.5

4.6 3.9

2,260,113

100.0

3.3

14.7

82.0

43.1

20.5

18.4

502,216

100.0

4.4

28.7

66.9

42.8

17.0

7.0

1Includes races not ahown separately.

‘Includes blrrhs with educational attainment of mother not stated; theaa births are excluded from the computation of the percent distributions.

NOTE Excludes data for California, Texas, and Washington, which did not require the reporting of educational attainment.

Table 6. Ratio of births to unmarriad women and multipla-birth ratio of American Indian, Alaska Nativa, white, and black births:

United States, 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Ratio racesl Total Indian Native Whita Black

Ratio of births to unmarried womenz

Observed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210.0 397.7 397.2 405.4 134.1

Ageadjusted3, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

592.0

. . . 363.9 363.2 374.9 141.7 530.2

Multiple-birth ratio4

Observed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.3 18.1 17.6 24.9

Ageadjusteds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19.8 24.2

. . . 19.2 18.8 24.9 19.6 25.8

I Includes races not shown separately.

!tBlflhs to Unmarried women per 1,000 total live bl~hs.

3AdJusted by the direct method of standardization using the distribution of all races by a9e of mother as the standard.

4Blrths In multlple delwenea per 1,000 total live births.
10 - Monthly Vital Statistics RepoIl

Table 7. Number and percent distribution of American Indian, Alaaka Native, white, and black births by place of delivery and attendant at

birth: United Statea, 1984

hrdian

All American Alaska

Place of delivery and attendant at birth racesl Total Indian Native White Black

All births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allplaces ofdelive~, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Inhospitalz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not in hospitals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Births inhospita124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All attendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Physician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwife . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Births notinhospitala4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All attendants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Physician . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwife, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,669,141 4

100.0

99.0

1.0

3,630,903 4

100.0

97.5

2.2

0.4

38.236

,451

00.0

99.0

1.0

,018

00.0

91.1

6.9

2.0

433

100.0 100.0

26.8 26.1

43.5 26.1

29.7 47.8

Number

38,844 2,607

Parcent distribution

100.0 100.0

99.1 97.4

0.9 2.6

Number

38,479 2,539

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

92.2 74.4

6.9 8.0

1.0 17.6

Number

365 68

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

29.4 10.3

27.9 17.6

42.7 72.1

2,923,502

100.0

96.9

1.1

2,890,477

100.0

97.8

1.9

0.3

33,025

100.0

24.6

47.2

28.2

592,745

100.0

99,3

0.7

588,870

100.0

96,6

2.9

0.4

3,875

100.0

44.9

16.9

38.2

1Includes races not showr, separately.

21ncludes births delivered en route to or on arrival at the hospital.

31ncludes births with place of delivery not stated.

41ncludes births with attendant not stated; these births are excluded from the computation of the percent distributions.

Table 8. Percent distribution of American Indian, Alaska Native, white, and black births by month of pragnancy prenetal care began and

median number of prenatal visits: United States, 1984

Indian

Month ofpragnancy prenatal care All Americen Alaska

began and median numbar of visits racesl Total Indian Native White Black

Percent distribution

All birthaz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. 100,0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100,0

lstend2d months..,,.....,,,. .,, ...,.,,,..,,,,,...,,,,.. 53.5 36.7 36,4 42.0 56.7 38,9

3d month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.0 23.2 23.2 23.5 22.9 23.3

4th-6 th months . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,9 27.7 27.8 25,5 15.7 28.2

7th-9 th months..,.,,.....,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,9 9.2 9.3 7.1 3.3 6.4

No prenatal care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.7 3.2 3<3 1.9 1.3 3,3

Median

Number ofprenatal visits3, .,,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,7 10.0 10.0 9.8 12,0 10.3

1Includes racea not shown separately,

2Blrths with prenatal care not stated are excluded from tha computation of the percent distributions.

3Based on information from 49 reporting Statas and the District of Columbia. California did not raquire repofling of number of prenatal visits. Excludes births to mothers

with no prenatal csre.
Tabla 9. Parcent distribution of Amarican Indian, Alaska Native, whita, and black births by birth weight United Stataa, 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Birth weight racesl Total Indian Nativa White Black

All birthsz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 1,000 grams, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,000-1,499 grams. .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,500 -1,999 grams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,000 -2,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,500 -2,999 grams. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,000 -3,499 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3,500 -3,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,000-4,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,500-4,999 grams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5,000 grams or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 2,500 grama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,000 grams or more........,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

0.6

0.6

1.3

4.2

16.9

36.7

29.6

9.1

1.7

0.2

6.7

11.1

100.0

0.4

0.6

1.2

3.9

15.1

36.3

30.3

9.7

2.1

0.3

6.2

12.1

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

0.4 0.5

0.6 0.6

1.2 1.4

3.9 3.6

15.3 12.1

36.6 32.3

30.0 36.5

9.5 11.9

2.1 2.0

0.3 0.3

6.2 5.9

11.9 14.3

100.0

0.4

0.5

1.1

3.6

14.2

36.2

31.7

10.2

1.9

0.3

5.6

12.4

100.0

1.3

1.2

2.4

7.4

23.7

38.4

20.2

4.4

0.7

0.1

12.4

5.3

1Includes racea not shown separately.

2B,rths with birth weight not stated are axcluded from the computation of the Percent diatrhuthm.

Table 10. Percent distribution of American Indian, Alaska Native, whita, and black births by period of gaatation 49 repotiing Statas and

the District of Columbia, 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Pariod of gastation racesl Total Indian Native White Black

Number

All births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,641,786 37,7’99 35,192 2,607 2,900,760 592,100

Percent distribution

All births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..!.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0

Less than 28 weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28-31 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

32-35 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

36 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

37-39 weeks.....,,,,..,,,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40weaks, .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

41 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

42weeks or more. . ., .,.....,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0.7

1.1

4.5

3.1

37.6

22.4

15.6

15.1

0.8

1.3

5.5

3.4

36.3

20.9

14.5

17.2

0.8

1.3

5.5

3.3

36.0

20.9

14.8

17.4

0.7

1.4

6.2

4.1

40.6

21.9

10.8

14.5

0.5

0.8

3.7

2.8

36.7

23.2

16.5

15.7

1.8

2.4

8.1

4.6

40.7

18.3

11.3

13.0

Less than 37 weeks, ,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4 11.0 10.9 12.3 7.9 16.8

1 Includes races not shown separately.

NOTE Excludes dsta for New Mexico, which did not require repotiing of date of last normal menstrual period.
12 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 11. Percent low birth weight of American Indian, Alaska Native, white, and black births by selectad characteristics: United States, 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Characteristic racesl Total Indian Native White Black

Age of mother

Under 20 years.,......,...,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30 years and over....,....,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Marital status

Unmarried . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Married . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Educational attainment of motherz

Less than 12yearsofachool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years ofschool or more.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Period of gestation3

9,4 6.4 6.5 5.9 7.7 13.6

6.2 6.7 6.6 7,9 5.3 12.0

1.0 6.9 6.9 6.8 8.6 14.0

5.6 5.7 5.7 5.3 5.1 10.0

0.0 6.8 6.9 6.4 8.4 14.5

5.1 4.7 4.7 5.1 4.4 10.0

Less than 37 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.3 31.9 32.1 29.0 39.6 42.6

37-39 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.2 4.3 3.0 4.1 7.8

40weeks or more...,,...,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 1.5 4.0

Start of prenatal care

lst trimester . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 6.6 5.7 4.4 5.1 11.5

3dtrimester or no care. .,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8 7.9 7.7 11.6 8.8 16.3

1Includes races not shown separately.

‘Excludes data for California, Texas, and Washington, wh!ch did not require the reporting of educational attainment.

3Excludea data for New Mexico, which did not require raporting of date of Iaat normal menstrual period.

NOTE: Low birth weight IS defined as less than 2,500 grams (5 pounds 8 ounces).
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 13

Table 12. Number and percent distribution of American Indian, Alaska Native, white, and black births by 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores:

46 reporting States and tha District of Columbia, 1984

Indian

All American Alaska

Apgar score racasl TotaI Indian Native White Black

All birthsz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1-minute score

All scores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

o-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-70 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5-minute score

All scores . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

o-3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-lo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Less than 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,858,643

100.0

2.4

7.4

47.9

42.2

9.9

100.0

0.6

1.3

10.7

87.4

2.0

30,056

100.0

2.7

8.3

54.4

34.5

11.0

100.0

0.6

1.4

12.0

86.0

2.0

27,449 2,607

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

2.7 3.4

8.2 10.2

54.3 55.6

34.9 30.9

10.8 13.6

100.0 100.0

0.6 0.6

1.4 1.4

11.8 15.0

86.3 63.0

2.0 2.1

2,270,413

100.0

2.1

7.2

48.7

42.0

9.3

100.0

0.5

1.2

10.5

87.9

1.7

497,876

100.0

4.0

8.5

43.8

43.8

12.4

100.0

1.2

2.1

11.7

85.0

3.3

1Includes races not shown separately.

‘Includes births with Apgar score not stated; these births are excluded from the computation of the percent distributions.

NOTE: Excludes data for California, Delaware, Oklahoma, and Texas, which dld not require the reporting of Apgar score.
14 ~ Monthly Vital Stiatktics Report

Table 13. Number and percent of lndianmothers residing inreaewation areas by selected characteristics: United States, 1984

Mother’s area of residenca

Characteristic Total Reservation Nonreservation

All births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,451 12,385

Percent

20.8

19.3

29,066

Age

Under 20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30 years and over..........,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20.0

17.9

19.7

17,3

Live-birth order

Ist births ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4thandhlgher order births...,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35.6

18.1

31.6

24.5

37.3

15.4

Educational attainment

Less than 12years ofechool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13years ofschool or more..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

38.0

20.0

41.4

18.2

36.2

21.0

Marital status

Unmarried . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.8 51.6 34.7

Start of prenatal care

Ist trimester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3rdtrimester or no care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

60.0

12.4

56.2

15.1

61.5

11.2

Attendant and place of delivery

Physician inhospitel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwife in hospital, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

90.2

6.9

82.5

14.7

93.5

3.5

Birth weight of infant

Less than 2,500 grams .,....., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,000 grams or more...,....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6.2

12.1

5.6

11.6

6.4

12.3

lExcludas btrthsto mothera residing in California, Texas, and Washington, which did not require reporting of educational attainmsntof mother.
Technical notes

Source of data

Data shown in this report for 1984 are based on 100 percent of the birth certificates of 46 States that provided data

through the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Data from

the remaining areas (Arizona, California, Delaware, the District of Columbia, and Georgia) are based on a 50-percent

sample of birth certificates filed in these areas.

Raciel classification

Racial designation shown in this report is that of the child.

The child’s race is determined from the race or national origin

of the parents. When only one parent is white, the child is

assigned the other parent’s race or national origin. When neither parent is white, the child is assigned the father’s race or

national origin, with one exception, if the mother is Hawaiian

or part-Hawaiian, the child is considered Hawaiian. If information on race is missing for one of the parents, the child is

assigned the known race of the other parent. When the information is missing for both parents, the child is assigned the

race of the child on the preceding record.

As used in this report the category “Alaska Native” includes births identified as Indian, Aleut, and Eskimo for

mothers residing in Alaska. The category “American Indian”

includes Indian, Aleu~ and Eskimo bhths for mothers residing

in all other States. The term “Indian” refers to the composite

group of Alaska Native and American Indian births. This terminology is also used by the U.S. Bureau of the Census when

describing the Indian population.

In 1984,26 percent more births were designated as Indian

than the number of mothers because of interracial parentage this

difference was 27 percent for American Indian births and 11

percent for Alaska Native births. Twenty-one percent of births

identified as Indian had white mothers; about 15 percent of

these white mothers were of Hispanic origin.

Reservation status

Because the bti certificate does not indicate whether the

mother’s residence is on an Indian reservation, information

from the 1980 Census of Population on the residence of the

Indian population was used as a surrogate. If at least half of

the Indian population of a county (borough or census area in

Alaska) lived on a reservation, the county was designated as a

“resemation” county. All other counties were considered “nonreservation” counties. Overall, 72 percent of the Indian population residing in “reservation” areas lived on reservations.

Computation of percents, medians, and ratios

Percent distributions, medians, and ratios are computed

using only events for which the characteristic is reporte~ the

“Not stated” category is subtracted from the total before the

computation of these measures. Median age of mother and

medirm number of prenatal visits are computed from singleyear and single-visit distributions. The median number of prenatal visits excludes births where the mother had no prenatal

care.
Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statistics, S. Taffel:

Characteristics of American Indian and Alaaka

native births, United States, 1984. Month/y V/ta/

Statistics Report, Vol. 36, No. 3, Supp. DHHS Pub.

No, (PHS) 87-1120. Publlc Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md., June 19, 1987.

Copyright information

This report may be reprinted without further

permission.
Births of Hispanic Parentage, 1983 and 1984

by Stephanie J. Ventura, A. M., Division of Vital Statistics

Introduction

Information on births of Hispanic parentage in 1983 and

1984 was available for 23 States and the District of Columbirq

in 1984, 346,986 births to mothers of Hispanic origin were

reported in those States. The areas that incorporated an item

on the birth certificate requesting the Hispanic or ethnic origin

of the mother and father were Arizona, Arkansas, California,

Colorado, the District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii,

Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Mississippi, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota,

Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, and Wyoming. More than 92

percent of the total U.S. Hispanic population resided in these

States in 1984.1 Consequently, the data in this report are considered to reflect nearly complete coverage of the Hispanic

population in this country, even though the reporting area is

restricted to 23 States and the District of Columbia.

Previous publications have reported on the demographic

and health characteristics of Hispanic births occurring in

1978–82.2-6 Additionally, birth and fertility rates by Hispanic

origin for each State were computed for 1980, using population

information available only from the decennial census.’

In this report, summary demographic data are shown for

births of Hispanic parentage for 1983 and 1984 (tables 1–8).

Data on educational attainment of mother, nativi@ of mother,

prenatal care, low birth weight, preterm births, 1- and 5-minute

Apgar scores, and attendant at birth and place of delivery are

presented only for 1984 because the distributions of births for

these characteristics are very similar for 1983 and 1984.

Since birth data by Hispanic origin first became available

in 1978, the reporting of this information has improved substantially. In 1984, just 4.1 percent of all bkth certificates in

the reporting area lacked information on the mother’s origin,

compared with 7.0 percent in 1980 and 12.1 percent in 1978.

Reporting of father’s origin has also improved, but the information for fathers is still much more likely to be omitted. In 1984,

the father’s origin was not reported for 14.5 percent of births in

the reporting are% compared with 16.4 percent in 1980 and

20.2 percent in 1978. Because the completeness of reporting of the mother’s origin far exceeds that of the father’s (see

tables 1–3), births are classified only by origin of the mother in

tables 2 and 4– 14 and in the text that follows.

Geographic distribution

The Hispanic population in the United States and consequently births of Hispanic origin are highly concentrated geographically. Of the estimated 16,553,000 Hispanic persons in

the United States in 1984, 14,393,000 or 87 percent lived in

eight States (Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, New Jersey,

New Mexico, New York, and Texas). Furthermore, 94 percent

of the Hispanic origin population in the reporting area (23 States

and the District of Columbla) in 1984 resided in these eight

States, identical to the proportion of Hispanic births occurring

in these States. Each of the eight States reported at least 10,000

births to Hispanic mothers in 1984 (table 2).

Race of child

The vast majority of births to Hispanic mothers are white.

In 1984,94.8 percent were white, 3.5 percent were black, and

1.8 percent were of other races (table 4). This distribution has

been virtually unchanged since 1978. Substantial variations in

the racial composition of births of various Hispanic groups are

evident in table 4.

Birth and fertility rates

Thefertility of the Hispanic population as a whole continued

to be substantially higher than that of the non-Hispanic populaU.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service
2 ~ MonthlyVitalStatisticsRepott

tion in 1983 and 1984 (table 5). However, ‘with few exceptions,

both birth and fertility rates fell for all specific Hispanic groups

from 1982 through 1984, continuing a decline begun in 1981.

The birth rate for the Hispanic population was 22.7 live

births per 1,000 population in 1984 and 22.8 in 1983, compared

with 23.9 in 1982. The rates for 1983 and 1984 were about 50

percent higher than those for the non-Hispanic population. Birth

rates for the Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Cuban populations

declined 7–1 1 percent from 1982 to 1984. However, the rate

for “other Hispanic,” which includes Central and South American and other and unknown Hispanic persons, increased 7

percent.

Trends in fertility rates for Hispanic women were similar

to those for the birth rates. The fertility rate for all Hispanic

women was 91.5 live births per 1,000 women aged 15–44 years,

42 percent above the rate for non-Hispanic women, 64.3. The

rate for Hispanic women fell 5 percent between 1982 and

1984. The decline from 1982 to 1984 was greatest for Cuban

women, for whom the rate fell 17 percent, from 54.0 in 1982 to

44.7 in 1984. The rate for Mexican women was 95.8 in 1984,

6 percent below the rate of 102.2 for 1982; the rate for Puerto

Rican women dropped 3 percent, from 67.7 to 65.6; and the

rate for other Hispanic women increased 1 ]percent, from 108.8

to 109.6.

The birth and fertility rates described here were computed

for the total of 11 States for which the necessary population

data by Hispanic origin were available from the U. S. Bureau of

the Census. The 11 States were Arizona, California, Colorado,

Florida, Illinois, Indiana, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York,

Ohio, and Texas. The population data needed to compute these

rates for the non-Hispanic population by race are not available.

More than 97 percent of the 346,986 births to mothers of Hispanic origin in the 23 States and the District of Columbia in

1984 occurred to residents of these 11 States. Furthermore,

nearly 90 percent of the nationwide total of Hispanic women of

childbearing age (15-44 years) resided in these 11’States.l

Age of mother and live-birth order

Hispanic women, especially Mexican and Pue]lo Rican

women, tend to begin childbearing at relatively young ages.

Births to teenagers accounted for 18 percent of births to Mexican mothers and 21 percent of births to Puerto Rican mothers

in 1984, compared with 12 percent of births to non-Hispanic

mothers and only 8 percent of births to Cuban mothers (figure 1

and table 6).

Childbearing by Hispanic women also tends to ccmtinue to

older ages, accounting for the relatively high frequency of large

families among Mexican and Puerto Rican women. Thus, 21

percent of births to Mexican women and 19 percent of births to

Puerto Rican women were to mothers aged 30 years and older.

H@ proportions (26 percent) of births to Cuban wc)men And

to white non-Hispanic women were also to mothers aged 30

years and olde~ teenage childbeming among these women, however, is relatively uncommon. If it is assumed that this is the

typical pattern of childbearing by Cuban and white non-Hispanic

women, then this would account for the comparatively few fourth

and higher order births (6-8 percent) reported for these women

(table 7). Usually, higher proportions of births to women in

their tWles are consistent with relatively more high order births,

as was true for Mexican and Puerto Rican women ( 19 and 12

percent, respectively).

Childbearing by unmarried women

In 1984,98,273Hispanic W* were to unmarried mothers,

accounting for 28 percent of all Hispanic births in the 23 States

and the District of Columbia. Increases in nonmarit.al births

23.8

17.0

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Tota I Mexican Puerto Cuban Central Other end White Black

Rican and South unknown

Americen Hispsnic

Hispanic -Non-H iapanic -

Figure 1, Percent of Hispanic snd white and black non-Hispanic birtha to mothers under 20 years of aga: Total of 23 reporting Statea and

the District of Columbia, 1984
between 1982 and 1984 were observed for all Hispanic and

non-Hispanic groups. Wide variations continue to be evident

in the proportions of nomnarital births (table 8). In 1984, 51

percent of births to Puerto Rican women, 34 percent of births

to Central and South American women, and 24 percent of births

to Mexican women were nonmarital, compared with 16 percent

of Cuban births, 11 percent of white non-Hispanic births, and

60 percent of black non-Hispanic births.

Educational attainment of mother

Educational attainment of the mother was reported by 21

States and the District of Columbia in 1984. Thk information

was not available for California and Texas. Hispanic origin

women givingbirth in 1984 were more likely to have completed

high school than their counterparts in 1982, although wide disparities in educational attainment persist among the various

Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin groups. Overall, 55 percent

of all Hispanic origin mothers had completed at least 12 years

of schooling in 1984 (table 9) compared with 52 percent in

1982. The 1984 proportions were 41 percent for Mexican

mothers, 52 percent for Puerto Rican mothers, 78 percent for

Cuban mothers, and 63-64 percent for Central and South American and other Hispanic mothers, compared with 84 percent

of white non-Hispanic and 66 percent of black non-Hispanic

mothers. In all origin groups except white non-Hispanic,

mothers aged 25–34 years were most likely to have completed

high school.

Nativity of mother

Forty-seven percent of Hispanic mothers giving birth in

1984 had been born in the United States; 53 percent were

natives of Puerto Rico or countries outside the United States

(figure 2). There are wide variations aqong the various Hispanic

origin groups in the proportions of U.S.- and foreign- or Puerto

Rican-born mothers. In 1984, the proportions of Hispanic

mothers who were born in the United States were 49 percent,

Mexicary 48 percent, Puerto Ricaq 10 percent, Cuban; 2 percent, Central and South Americaq and 78 percent, other and

unknown Hispanic.

Hispanic mothers born in the United States are more likely

to be teenagers and less likely to be aged 30 years and older

than Hispanic mothers born outside the United States. The

proportions of births to teenagers among Hispanic women born

in the United States, ranging from 20 to 28 percent in 1984,

100

r

90

t

❑ U.S.-born

❑ Foreign- and

98

All Mexican Puerto Cuban Central and Other and

Hispanic Rican South American unknown

Hispanic

Figure 2. Percent of Hispanic mothars who are U.S.- or foraign- end Puarto Rican-born Total of 23 reporting Statas and tha District of

Columbia, 1984
4 ~ MonthlyVitalStatisticsReport

more nearly resembled those of black non-Hispanic women,

while the proportions of teenage births to foreign- and Puerto

Rican-born Hispanic mothers were comparable to those of white

non-Hispanic mothers, rtuuging from 7 to 15 percent (table 10).

The dilTerences in age-of-mother distributions between U. S.-

and foreign- or Puerto Rican-born Hispanic mothers are in turn

associated with differences in the proportions of high order births.

That is, the higher proportion of teenage mothers among U. S.-

bom Hispanic women is consistent with low proportions of

fourth and higher order births for these women (13 percent

overall), while the higher proportions of o,lder mothers among

foreign- and Puerto Rican-born Hispanic women are consistent

with a greater frequency of high order births among these women

(18 percent).

A previous study has shown differences in other demographic characteristics of Hispanic mothers according to their

nativity status.g Data for 1984 reflect a continuation of these

differences. U.S.-born Hispanic mothers were more likely than

their foreign- or Puerto Rican-born counterparts to be unmarried (30 percent compared with 26 percent) and to have completed high school (60 percent compared with 52 percent).

Prenatal cars and number of prenatal visits

Hispanic mothers, except Cuban mothers, are substantially

less likely to have begun prenatal care in the first trimester of

pregnancy and considerably more likely to have received delayed

care (commencing in the third trimester) or no care than are

white non-Hispanic mothers (table 11). Gains were made in

timely receipt of prenatal cru-eby all origin groups (except Mexican mothers) between 1982 and 1984, but the differences persist. In 1984, 62 percent of Hispanic origin mothers made their

initial visit for prenatal care in the first trimester, compared

with 82 percent of white non-Hispanic mothers and61 percent

of black non-Hispanic mothers. Among Hispanic origin women,

Puerto Rican mothers were least likely to begin care in the first

trimester (57 percent), followed by Mexican mothers (60 percent), Central and South American mothers (61 percent), other

Hispanic mothers (67 percent), and Cub:m mothers (82 percent).

Delayed or no prenatal care was repented for 13 percent of

all Hispanic origin mothers, with the proportions ranging from

only 4 percent for Cuban mothers to 16 percent for Puerto

Rican mothers. Among non-Hispanic mothers, 4 percent of

white women and 11 percent of black women received delayed

or no care.

As would be expected, the number of visits made to ob

tain prenatal care varies with the onset of care. That is, women

beginning care early have more visits than women who begin

care later. Hispanic women (except Cuban and other Hispanic

women) made 1 to 2 fewer visits for prenatal care in 1984 on

average than white or black non-Hispanic ‘women.

Low birth weight

The incidence of low birth weight among babies born to

Hispanic women is generally comparable to that for babies

born to white non-Hispanic women (table 12). Levels of low

birth weight among babies born to Mexican and Central and

South American women are relatively low in spite of other

factors that tend to be associated with less favorable birth weight

distributions. As already noted, for example, these women are

less likely to have completed high school and less likely to have

begun prenatal care in the fwst trimester than are Cuban or

white non-Hispanic women. In 1984, 5.7 percent olf Mexican

babies, 5.8 percent of Central and South American babies, and

5.9 percent of Cuban babies weighed less than 2,501Dgrams (5

lb. 8 oz.) at birth, compared with 5.5 percent of white nonHispanic babies. Levels of low birth weight were considerably

higher for Puerto Rican infants (8.9 percent) and black nonHispanic infants (12.4 percent).

Preterm births

Another useful measure of pregnancy outcome is the proportion of infants born prior to 37 weeks of gestation (preterm

births), available from all reporting areas except New Mexico.

Hispanic origin mothers are somewhat more likely than white

non-Hispanic mothers but less likely than black nonl-Hispanic

mothers to have given birth to preterm infants. In 1984, 10.4

percent of Mexican infants, 12.3 percent of Puerto Rican infants,

and 8.7 percent of Cuban infants, compared with 7.6 percent of

white non-Hispanic infants and 16.8 percent of black nonHispanic infants, were born preterm (table 13).

Apgar scores

The 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores are useiid measures to

evaluate the baby’s health at birth. These scores are composite

evaluations of five factors, including the infant’s heart rate,

respiratory effort, muscle tone, irritability, and color. Each of

these factors is assigned a value from O to 2. The overall score

is the sum of the five values, with a score of 10 being optimum.

A score of less than 7 at 1 or 5 minutes after birth suggests that

the infant is in some difficulty. Data on Apgar scores are available ffom all areas except California and Texas.

Babies born to Cuban mothers had the lowest incidence of

Apgar scores below 7 in 1984; 6.2 percent of their l-minute

scores and 1.1 percent of their 5-minute scores were less than 7

(table 13). The proportions of low l-minute Apgar soores were

also relatively favorable for births to Puerto Rican and Central

and South American mothers (7.9 percent), Proportions of 1-

minute scores below ‘Tfox other groups were 9.0 percent, Mexicm, 10.5 percent, other I%sp.~ic; 9.1 percent, white nonHispaniq and 12.0 percent, black non-Hispanic. Levels of low

5-minute scores were very similar for all Hispanic (except Cuban) and white non-Hispanic births, ranging from 1.6 to 1.8

percent, compared with 3.2 percent for black non-Hispanic

births.

Attendant at bitth and place of delivery

Midwife-attended deliveries among Hispanic mothers continued to increase in 1983 and 1984, although the numbers and
Monthly Vital Statistics flepott~ 5

proportions of these births are relatively low (table 14). In 1984,

5.7 percent of all Hispanic babies were delivered by midwives,

compared with 4.1 percent in 1982. Among babies born to

non-Hispanic mothers, 2.0 percent of white infants and 3.8

percent of black infants were delivered by midwives in 1984.

Central and South American and Puerto Rican mothers were

most likely to have used the services of midwives-7.6 and 7.2

percent, respectively.

The vast majority of Hispanic and non-Hisprmic births

occur in hospitals. In 1984, 98.2 percent of births to Hispanic

mothers occurred in hospitals compared with 99.1 percent of

births to non-Hispanic mothers. Births attended by midwives,

however, are somewhat less likely to have occurred in hospitals. Among midwife-attended b& in 1984, 78.6 percent of

Hispanic births occurred in hospitals compared with 80.4 percent of white non-Hispanic births and 96.7 percent of black

non-Hispanic births.
6 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

References

IU*S, Bureau of the Census: Unpublished data consistent with data

shown in persons of Spanish origin in the United States, March 1985.

Current Population Reports. Series P–20. Washington. U.S. GovernmentPrinting Ofllce, forthcoming.

2Nation~ centerforHealth Statistics, S. J. Ventura ad R. L. Heusen

Births of Hispanic parentage, 1978. Monthly Vital Statistics Report.

Vol. 29, No. 12 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 81-1120. Public Heafth

Service. Hyattsville, Md., Mar. 1981.

3Nation~ center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura: Bifi5 of His.

panic parentage, 1979. Monthly Vital Statistic Report. Vol. 31, No.

2 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 82-1120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md,, May 1982.

4National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura Births of Hispanic parentage, 1980. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 32, No.

6 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 83-1120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md., Sept. 1983.

sNation~ Cen@r for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura Births of ~lspanic parentage, 1981. Monthly Vital Statistics Report Vol. 33, No.

8 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 85-1120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md., Dec. 1984.

6National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura Births of Hkpanic parentage, 1982. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 34, No.

4 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 85-1120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md., July 1985.

‘National Center for Health Statistics, S. Taffek Birth and fertility

rates for States, United States, 1980. Vital and Health Statistics.

Series 21, No. 42. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 84-1920. Public Health

Service. Washington. U.S. Government Printing Otlice, Sept. 1984.

Symbols

8S. J. Ventura and S. M. Taffel: Childbearing characteristics of U. S.-

and foreign-born Hispanic mothers. Public Healfh Repotis 100 (8):

647–652, Nov.–Dee. 1985.

. . . Data not available

,,, Category not applicable

Quantity zero

0.0 Quantity more than zero but Iesa than

0.05

;? Quantity more than zero but less than

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

H. Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision
Monthly Vital Statistics Report~ 7

Table 1. Live births by Hispanic origin of mother end fether: Totel of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbia, 19S3 and 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic

Central Other 8nd

All Puerto and South unknown Non- Not

Origin of father origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Hispanic stated

All origins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hispanic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mexican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cuban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Central and South American . . . . . .

Other and unknown Hispanic. . . . . .

Non-H ispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All origins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mexican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Puerto Rican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Cuban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Central and South American , . . . . .

Other and unknown Hispanic. . . . . .

Non-H ispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,230,815

320,993

215,421

29,759

10,268

31,582

33,963

1,585,287

324,535

2,205,509

312>694

212,526

29,549

10,092

27,059

33,468

1,582,023

310,792

346.986

270,991

188,291

24,030

7,878

28,129

22,663

42,634

33,361

336,833

264,544

186,011

23,845

8,080

24,109

22,499

40,663

31,626

225,767

186,564

180,812

1,189

440

2,484

1,639

20,909

18,294

221,788

184,102

179,412

1,168

379

2,085

1,058

20,333

17,353

34,219

24,240

885

20,629

612

1,690

424

3,876

6,103

33,856

23,975

819

20,579

583

1,598

396

3,775

6,106

1984

9,477

6,948

221

308

5,733

499

187

1,594

935

1983

9,709

7,321

210

321

6,122

485

183

1,472

916

36,401 41,122

28,583 24,656

3,106 3,267

1,328 576

752 341

23,043 413

354 20,059

3,917 12,338

3,901 4,128

37,043 40,437

24,524 24,622

2,656 2,914

1,252 525

678 318

19,725 216

213 20,649

3,264 11,819

3,255 3,996

1,791,949

48,695

26,450

5,499

2,357

3,333

11,056

1,537,257

205,997

1,782,902

47,070

25,986

5,520

1,976

2,863

10,725

1,535,793

200,039

91,880

1,307

680

230

33

120

244

5,396

85,177

85,774

1,080

529

184

36

87

244

5,567

79,127
8 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 2. Live births by Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting States and the

District of Columbia and each State, 1983 and 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown Not

State origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Totall White Black stated

All reporting

States . . . . . . . . .

Arizona ...,....,

Arkansas. . . . . .

California . . . .

Colorado. .

District of

Columbia . . . . .

Florida ..,,....,

Georgia . . . . . . . . .

Hawaii ..,....,,

Illinois ..,....,.

Indiana . . . . . . . . .

Kansas .,,....,.

Maine . . . . . . . . . .

Mississippi.

Nebraska . . . . . . .

NevarJe .,.......

New Jersey . . . .

New Mexico. . . . .

New York . . . . . . .

North Dakota . . . .

Ohio . . . . . . . . . . .

Tennessee

Texas . . . . . . . . . .

Utah . . . . . . . . . . .

Wyoming . . . . . . .

All reporting

States ..,....,.

Arizona .,,....,.

Arkansas. . . . .

California . . . .

Colorado.

District of

Columbla . . . . .

Florida . . . . . . . . .

Georgia . . . . . . . . .

Hawaii . . . . . . . . .

Illinois .,.....,,

India na . . . . . . . . .

Kansas .,.....,,

Maine . .,,....,,

Mlsswsippl.

Nebraska . . . . .

Nevada .,,,.,..,

New Jersey .,

New Mexico. . . .

New York . . . . . . .

North Dakota . .

Ohio . . . . . . . . . . .

Tennessae

Texas . .,.,,,..,

Utah . . . . . . . . . .

Wyoming ...,..

2,230,815

55,001

34,840

447,730

54,364

9,666

155,397

92,013

18,707

179,274

80,084

40,010

16,770

43,841

26,127

14.803

101,334

27,373

251,053

11,825

158,519

65,006

299,025

38,299

9,754

2,205,509

53,785

34,996

436,143

54,662

9,333

149,078

90,032

19,123

178,885

80,814

40,399

16,666

44<000

26,232

14,312

99,194

27,617

248,617

12,380

158,769

65,481

295,249

39,474

10,268

346,986

12,317

319

134,316

7,298

448

15,392

720

1,835

16,171

1,317

1,297

87

121

561

1,338

11,021

11,179

37,560

71

1,920

252

89,423

1,510

513

336,833

11,956

280

128,192

7,241

360

15,041

742

1,930

16,051

1,336

1,327

71

124

599

1,227

10,663

11,261

36,772

91

1,935

252

87,334

1,498

550

225,767

11,738

92

106,354

2,698

12

2,030

223

228

9,556

929

1,006

18

49

484

813

226

1,894

871

31

781

55

84,484

915

280

221,788

11,232

86

105,539

2,574

22

1,990

181

238

8,838

900

973

20

50

498

682

233

1,997

770

36

745

24

83,033

826

301

34,219

79

5

1,394

70

2

1,765

149

524

2,330

172

53

5

12

6

20

6,129

35

20,067

4

676

15

672

27

8

33,856

53

15

1,399

75

22

1,685

201

502

2,007

207

60

7

17

8

21

5,971

20

20,218

4

670

6

665

17

6

9,477

20

7

810

18

2

6,127

66

17

229

18

15

9

6

2

28

1,107

6

703

3

23

6

241

13

1

9,709

18

3

821

17

6,240

68

6

202

14

13

2

4

2

38

1,162

11

737

47

1

263

37

3

1984

36,401

82

23

13,584

62

246

2,236

115

47

908

37

51

12

14

10

57

2,557

47

13,173

1

112

14

2,993

15

5

1983

31,043

69

45

10,096

65

202

2,023

116

46

836

40

54

4

15

18

57

2,384

41

12,350

11

100

2

2,414

47

8

41,122

398

192

12,174

4,450

186

3,234

167

1,019

3,148

161

172

43

40

59

420

1,002

9,197

2,746

32

328

162

1,033

540

219

40,437

584

131

10,337

4,510

114

3,103

176

1,138

4,168

175

227

38

38

73

429

913

9,192

2,697

40

373

219

959

571

232

1,791 #949

41,962

33,741

305,829

44,291

7,773

138,317

89,249

16,851

158,892

74,785

34,976

15,744

42,828

24,291

11,816

80,876

16,162

199,702

11,184

148,928

40,547

208,265

36,437

8,503

1,782,902

41,214

32,847

295,881

44,162

6,669

132,562

87,517

17,169

158,507

75,294

35,461

15,574

43,101

24,446

11,350

79,774

16,323

201,558

11,702

148,736

50,483

205,968

37,620

8,984

1,352,523

33,563

25,228

217,352

40,155

1,114

99,948

56,987

4,266

117,594

65,771

30,843

15,445

21,928

22,452

10,120

59,601

11,691

146,364

10,169

125,699

30,990

162,572

34,608

8,063

1,350,949

33,084

24,526

212,346

39,999

1,145

94,480

55,697

4,412

117,515

66,263

31,351

15,274

21,981

22,638

9,689

58,898

11,829

147,616

10,663

125,753

40,759

160,780

35,738

8,513

336,943

2,333

8,188

42,818

2,1186

6,581

36,565

31.270

797

37,702

8,364

3,C)48

89

20,474

1,346

ir26

18,669

584

46,C)35

128

21,613

9,209

39,574

242

92

334,602

2,136

8,001

40,598

2,500

5,452

36,426

30,842

748

37,216

8,426

3,083

82

20,687

1,311

720

18,545

652

46,332

130

21,359

9,;!71

39,;!23

271

91

91,880

722

780

7,585

2,775

1,445

1,688

2,044

21

4,211

3,982

3,737

939

892

1,275

1,649

9,437

32

13,791

570

7,671

24,207

1,337

352

738

85,774

615

1,869

12,070

3,259

2,304

1,475

1,773

24

4,327

4,184

3,611

1,021

775

1,187

1,735

8,757

33

10,287

587

8,098

14,746

1,947

356

734

llncludes races other than white and black,
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 9

Table 3. Live births by Hispanic origin of father and by race of child for fathera of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting Statea and tha

District of Columbia and each State, 1983 and 1984

Origin of father

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown Not

State origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Totall White Black stated

All reporting

States . . . . . . .

Arizona . . . . . . .

Arkansas. . . . . .

California . . . . .

Colorado. . . . . .

District of

Columbia . . . .

Florida . . . . . . .

Georgia. . . . . . .

Hawaii . . . . . . .

Illinois. . . . . . . .

Indiana . . . . . . .

Kansas . . . . . . .

Maine . . . . . . . .

Mississippi. . . .

Nebraska , . . . .

Nevada . . . . . . .

New Jersey . . .

New Mexico. . .

New York.....

North Dakota. . .

Ohio . . . . . . . . .

Tennessee . . . .

Texas . . . . . . . .

Utah . . . . . . . . .

Wyoming . . . . .

All reporting

States . . . . . . .

Arizona . . . . . . .

Arkansas. . . . . .

California . . . . .

Colorado. . . . . .

District of

Columbia . . . .

Florida . . . . . . .

Georgia. . . . . . .

Hawal) . . . . . . .

Illinom. . . . . . . .

Indiana . . . . . . .

Kansas . . . . . . .

Maine . . . . . . . .

Mississippi. . .

Nebraska ., . . .

Nevada ...,...

New Jersey . . .

New Mexico. . .

New York.,...

North Dakota. . .

Ohio . . . . . . . . .

Tennessee . . . .

Texas . . . . . . . .

Utah . . . . . . . . .

Wyoming . . . . .

2,230,815

55,001

34,840

447,730

54,364

9,666

155,397

92,013

18,707

179,274

80,084

40,010

16,770

43,841

26,127

14,803

101,334

27,373

251,053

11,825

158,519

65,006

299,025

38,299

9,754

2,205,509

53,785

34,996

436,143

54,662

9,333

149,078

90,032

19,123

178,885

80,814

40,399

16,666

44,000

26,232

14,312

99,194

27,617

248,617

12,380

158,769

65,481

295,249

398474

10,268

320,993

11,820

317

135,807

5,185

376

14,311

852

1,491

16,470

1,225

1,295

77

104

535

1,241

9,661

9,063

31,405

59

1,790

245

75,829

1,330

505

312,694

11,893

308

129,438

5,307

318

14,139

771

1,495

16,236

1,234

1,423

60

133

589

1,157

9,415

9,222

30,893

97

1,905

212

74,564

1,367

518

215,421

11,206

106

109,335

2,246

8

2,048

265

248

10,117

835

990

20

44

459

769

218

1,940

775

24

705

52

71,836

875

300

212,526

11,179

97

108,015

2,325

12

2,020

246

230

9,342

849

1,070

12

50

491

718

196

2,054

698

44

764

20

70,918

855

321

29,759

114

8

1,712

115

12

1.587

221

483

2,342

190

77

9

19

18

33

5,118

39

16,189

4

640

25

772

25

7

29,549

118

15

1,765

111

6

1,542

188

480

1,985

194

86

14

19

12

26

5,086

32

16,335

7

710

4

796

12

6

10,268

36

14

1,131

19

2

6,181

112

12

290

17

27

12

7

3

33

1,162

16

827

3

56

7

287

13

1

10,092

34

10

1,074

26

8

6,105

90

16

216

21

24

3

8

2

45

1,149

17

851

45

3

311

33

1

1984

31,582

64

15

12,314

61

220

1,901

96

34

814

35

48

7

9

10

55

2,272

45

11,329

1

95

12

2,120

21

4

1983

27,059

48

49

9,124

52

188

1,780

78

35

767

29

42

4

17

16

49

2,138

29

10,726

6

92

1

1,757

29

3

33,963

400

174

11,315

2,744

134

2,594

158

714

2,907

148

153

29

25

45

351

891

7,023

2,285

27

294

149

814

396

193

33,468

514

137

9,460

2,793

104

2,692

169

734

3,926

141

201

27

39

68

319

846

7,090

2,283

40

294

184

782

438

187

1,585,287

38,223

28,745

295,691

38,640

5,307

115,025

75,941

14,931

147,257

63,969

31,649

13,827

29,765

21,748

10,291

69,726

18,144

172,788

10,338

132,800

31,076

176,416

35,173

7,817

1,582,023

38,269

27,741

286,339

38,869

5,047

109,513

748494

15,195

147.383

64,902

32,172

13,692

30,270

22,096

9,902

68,779

18,239

175,277

10,798

132,693

40,719

175,160

36,175

8,299

1,263,574

31,241

23,457

208,602

35.578

1,034

91,821

53,772

3,795

111,024

59,468

28,542

13,576

20,555

20.749

8,998

56,381

13)764

136,951

9,620

116,519

27,443

149,750

33,487

7,447

1,263,928

31,150

22,739

204,101

35,763

1,031

86,535

52,575

3,852

111,098

60,239

29,058

13,454

20,630

21,016

8,639

55,791

13,784

138,341

10.059

116,623

36,462

148,631

34,452

7,905

227,211

2,165

4,975

42,551

1,571

4,209

21,478

21,213

764

32,777

3,873

2,142

78

8,866

597

451

10,816

633

28,799

119

14,721

3,306

20,813

212

82

226,079

2,110

4,702

40,239

1,585

3,948

21,412

20,949

727

32,637

4,080

2,191

68

9,296

649

451

10,714

699

30,047

130

14,504

3,830

20,800

242

69

324,535

4,958

5,778

16,232

10,539

3,983

26,061

15,220

2,285

15,547

14,890

7,066

2,866

13,972

3,844

3,271

21,947

166

46,860

1,428

23,929

33,685

46,780

1,796

1,432

310,792

3,623

6,947

20,366

10,486

3,968

25,426

14,767

2,433

15,266

14,678

6,804

2,914

13,597

3.547

3,253

21,000

156

42,447

1,485

24,171

24,550

45,525

1,932

1,451

llncludes races other than white and black.
10 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 4. Number and percent distribution of live births by rece of child, according to Hispanic origin of mothec Total of 23 repotiing States

and the District of Columbia, 1983 and 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic

Central Other and

Ail Puerto and South unknown Non- Not

Year and race of child origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Hispanic stated

1984

All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . .

All races. . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9B3

.,, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,230,815

1,756,350

365,046

109,419

100.0

78.7

16.4

4.9

2,205,509

1,739,198

360,612

105,699

100.0

78.9

16.4

4.8

346,986

328,815

12,023

6,148

100.0

94.8

3.5

1.8

336,833

319,308

11,833

5,692

100.0

94.8

3.5

1.7

225,767

219,599

3,655

2,513

100.0

97.3

1.6

1.1

221,788

216,045

3,371

2,372

100.0

97.4

1.5

1.1

Number

34,219 9,477 36,401

31,259 9,051 31,070

2,393 377 4,351

567 49 980

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

91.3 95.5 85.4

7.0 4.0 12.0

1.7 0.5 2.7

Number

33,856 9,709 31,043

30,836 9,223 26,092

2,464 440 4,412

556 46 539

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100,0

91.1 95.0 84.1

7.3 4.5 14.2

1.6 0.5 1.7

41,122

37,836

1,247

2,039

100.0

92.0

3.0

5.0

40,437

37,112

1,146

2,179

100.0

91.8

2.8

5.4

1,791,949

1,352,523

338,943

100,483

100.0

75.5

18.9

5.6

1,782,902

1,350,949

334,602

97,351

100.0

75.8

18.8

5.5

91,880

75,012

14,080

2,788

100.0

81.6

15.3

3.0

85,774

68,941

14,177

2,656

100.0

80.4

16.5

3.1

Table 5, Birth and fertility rates, by Hispanic origin of mother: Total of 11 States, 19S3 and 19S4

Origin of mother

Hispanic

All Puarto Other NonYear origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban Hispanic I Hispanic2

Birth rate3

1984 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 22.7 22.9 17.7 9.9 30.8 15.2

1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 22.8 23.4 17.9 10.0 29.6 15.2

Ferti Iity rate4

1984. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 91.5 95.8 65.6 44.7 109.6 64.3

1983 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 91.B 97.8 67.0 41.4 107,9 64.7

‘Includes Central and South American and other and unknown Hispanic origin,

21ncludas origin not stated.

3Rata per 1,000 total population,

4Rate per 1,000 women agad 15-44 years,

NOTE: The 11 States are Arizona, California, Colorado, Flor!da, Illino!a, Indiana, New Jersey, New Maxico, Naw York, Ohio, and Texas.
Table 6. Liva births by age and Hispanic origin of mother and by rata of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting Statea

and the District of Columbia, 1983 and 19S4

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown

Age of mother origins7 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 yeara ...,..

15-19 years....,,..

15 years . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . .

18 years . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . .

30-34 years, . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . .

40-44 years.....,..

45-49 years ...,,.,.

Alleges, , . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . .

15-19 years, . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . .,,.....,

17 years.....,,,,.

18 years . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . .

25-29 years, . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . .

40-44 years .,,.....

45-49 years.....,..

2,230,815

6,318

288,346

15,217

33,080

54,817

79,582

105,650

693.489

701,204

399,628

123,491

17,588

751

2,205,509

6,201

299,038

15,580

34,027

57,213

83,149

109,069

707,552

687,023

379,951

114,175

16,821

748

346,986

1,242

57,717

3,300

7,239

11,395

15,909

19,874

117,339

95,546

51,849

19,223

3,890

180

336,833

1,272

58,187

3,431

7,263

11,745

16,021

19,727

114,479

91,191

49,162

18,559

3,774

209

225,767

860

39,712

2,322

5,127

7,961

10,851

13,451

76,857

60,836

32,624

12,221

2,519

138

221,788

933

39,964

2,435

5,101

8,174

11,010

13,244

75,915

58,971

31,291

12,081

2,479

154

34,219

179

7,112

366

877

1,492

2,014

2,363

12,141

8,416

4,375

1,681

305

10

33,856

165

7,435

482

960

1,527

2,042

2,424

11,955

8,165

4,255

1,567

300

14

9,477

9

766

25

73

128

208

332

3,163

3,090

1,756

559

129

5

9,709

6

909

41

83

125

240

420

3,394

3,061

1,603

599

130

7

1984

36,401

34

2,930

119

251

467

858

1,235

11,055

11,724

7,290

2,794

558

16

1983

31,043

33

2,625

102

214

458

705

1,146

9,458

10,014

6,106

2,322

467

18

41,122

160

7,197

468

911

1,347

1,978

2,493

14,123

11,480

5,804

1,968

379

11

40,437

135

7,254

371

905

1,461

2,024

2,493

13,757

10,980

5,907

1,990

398

16

1,791,949

4,830

218,930

11,355

24,530

41,125

60,437

81,483

548,649

576,847

330,285

98,926

12,939

543

1,782,902

4,697

229,175

11,562

25,449

43,235

63,833

85,096

559,963

569,021

315,850

91,181

12,497

518

1,352,523

1,320

133,902

4,856

12,709

24,227

37,798

54,312

408,620

459,638

263,356

76,076

9,270

341

1,350,949

1,381

143,588

5,033

13,473

25,899

40,950

58,233

420,153

454,501

251,928

70,206

8,882

310

338,943

3,363

77,460

6,178

11,063

15,508

20,551

24,160

116,347

83,478

41,947

13,974

2,269

105

334,602

3,171

77.977

6,219

11,224

15,995

20,799

23,740

115,760

81,880

40,238

13,069

2,391

116

Ilnclude.s cmgin not stated,

21ncludes racea other than white and bleck,
12 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 7. Percent distribution of live births by live-birth order, eccording to Hiepanic origin of mothar and by race of child for mothers of

non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbie, 1983 and 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hi,apanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and south unknown

Live -bitih order origins ~ Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

All birth orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100,0 100.0

First child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.7 36.4

Second child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.7 29.7

Thlrdchlld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.5 17.9

Fourth child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 8.5

Fifth child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 3.7

Sixth child And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 3.8

All birth orders, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1‘00.0 100.0

First child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.0 36.5

Sacondchlld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 29.6

Third child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 17.6

Fourth child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 8.4

Fifth child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 3.8

Sixth child And over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.0 4.0

100.0

33.8

28.9

18.7

9.4

4.4

4.8

100.0

34.0

28.9

18.2

9.3

4.5

5.0

100.0

40.8

29.8

17.1

7.3

2.9

2.2

100.0

40.6

29.7

17.1

7.3

3.0

2.2

1984

100.0 100.0

45.1 40.4

36.3 31.5

13.1 16.6

3.8 7.1

1.1 2.5

0.6 2.0

1983

100.0 100.0

47.7 41.0

34.4 31.1

12.6 17.0

3.4 6.5

1.2 2.5

0.8 1.9

100.0

41.1

31.2

16.6

6.6

2.6

1.9

100.0

40.4

31.0

16.6

7.1

2.5

2.3

100.0

42.6

33.2

15.1

5.4

2.0

1,6

100.0

43.0

32.9

15.0

5.5

2.0

1.7

100.0

43.4

34.3

14.7

4.8

1.6

1.2

100.0

44.0

33.8

14.5

4.8

1.6

1.2

100.0

39.6

29.4

16.8

7.8

3.4

3.0

100.0

39.4

29.3

16.9

7.8

3.5

3.1

I Includes or!gln not stated.

21ncludes races Other than wh(te and black.
Table 8. Number and ratio of births to unmerried women, by age and Hispanic origin of mother end by rata of child for mothars of non-Hispanic

origin: Total of 23 reporting Stetes and the District of Columbie, 1983 and 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto end South unknown

Years and age of mother origins 1 Total Mexican Ricen Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

1984

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years And over . . . . . . . .

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years.........,..

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years And over . . . . . . . .

1983

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years...........,..

16 years...........,..

17 years...........,..

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years.........,,.

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years And over . . . . . . . .

489,400

5,688

160,500

12,455

23,919

34,489

42,976

46,661

175,979

89,600

40,084

14,797

2,752

219.4

900.3

556.6

818.5

723.1

629.2

540.0

441.7

253.8

127,8

100.3

119.8

150.1

468,741

5,577

160,329

12,609

24,241

35,083

43,141

45,255

167.984

82,797

36,646

12,771

2,637

98,273

972

28,577

2,293

4,419

6,245

7,564

8,056

34,569

19,954

9,491

3,840

870

283.2

782.6

495.1

694.8

610.4

548.0

475.5

405.4

294.6

208.8

183.1

199.8

213.8

92,550

975

28,107

2,300

4,365

6,186

7,487

7,769

32,255

18,061

8,848

3,489

815

54,611

617

17,103

1,451

2,788

3,860

4,407

4,597

19,158

10,477

4,832

1,951

473

241.9

717.4

430.7

624.9

543.8

484.9

406.1

341.8

249.3

172.2

148.1

159.6

178.0

52,592

668

16,972

1,455

2,746

3,780

4,500

4,491

18,335

9,709

4,577

1,878

453

17,397

177

5,179

331

730

1,156

1,428

1,534’

6,216

3,428

1,604

651

142

508.4

988,8

728.2

904.4

832.4

774.8

709.0

649.2

512.0

407,3

366.6

387.3

450.8

16,744

159

5,240

437

755

1,141

1,403

1,504

5,878

3,172

1,614

554

127

Number

1,534 12,381 12,350

9 33 136

288 1,704 4,303

13 105 393

44 174 683

55 308 866

85 480 1,164

91 637 1,197

549 4,260 4,386

384 3,464 2,201

212 1,947 896

70 815 353

22 158 75

Ratio per 1,000 total births

161.9 340.1

*1 ,000.0 970.6

376.0 581.6

520.0 882.4

602.7 693.2

429.7 659.5

408.7 559.4

274.1 515.8

173.6 385,3

124.3 295,5

120.7 267.1

125.2 291.7

164.2 275.3

Number

1,568

4

304

24

48

44

76

112

594

369

196

84

17

10,236

30

1,464

82

147

287

391

557

3,532

2,878

1,564

631

137

300.3

850.0

597.9

839.7

749.7

642.9

588.5

480.1

310.6

191.7

154.4

179.4

192.3

11,410

114

4,127

302

669

934

1,117

1,105

3,916

1,933

897

342

81

372,586

4,494

125,712

9,728

18,559

26,836

33,733

36,856

134,877

66,406

28,967

10,362

1,768

207.9

930.4

574.2

856.7

756.6

652.5

558.2

452.3

245.8

115.1

87.7

104.7

131.1

358,456

4,382

125,955

9,818

18,905

27,540

34,003

35,689

129,422

61,739

26,473

8,766

1,719

152,083

1,064

52,056

3,429

7,369

11,427

14,262

15,569

55,T94

26,235

11,966

4,770

798

112.4

806.1

388.8

706.1

579.8

471.7

377.3

286.7

135.1

57.1

45.4

62.7

83.0

145,135

1,141

52,543

3,470

7,586

11,774

14,538

15,175

52,195

23,845

10,747

3,924

740

204,992

3,308

69,389

6,035

10,625

14,521

18,302

19,906

74,223

37,127

15,258

4,874

813

604.8

983.6

895.8

976.9

960.4

936.4

890.6

823.9

637.9

444.8

363.7

348.8

342.5

198,859

3,120

69,343

6,094

10,788

14,909

18,357

19,195

72,087

34,992

14,147

4,313

857

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 8. Number and ratio of births to unmarriad women, by age end Hispenic origin of mother and by rata of ohild for mothers of non.Hispanic

origin: Total of 23 reporting Statas and the District of Columbis, 1983 and 1984—Con.

Origin of mother

Years and age of mother

All

origins 1

1983—Con,

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years,.,.,,.....,,.

16 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years ., . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years .,, . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years ., . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . .

40yeara and over ...,,...

212.5

899.4

536.1

809.3

712.4

613.2

518.8

414.9

239.4

120.5

96.4

111.9

150.1

Hispanic Non- Hisparilic

Central Other and

Puerto and South unknown

Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

Ratio per 1,000 total births

274.6 237.1 494.6 161.5 329.7 282.2 201.1 107.4 594.3

766.5 716.0 963.6 *666.7 909.1 844.4 932.9 826,2, 983.9

483.0 424.7 704.8 334.4 557.7 568.9 549.6 365.91 889.3

670.4 597.5 906.6 585.4 803.9 814.0 849.2 689A 979.9

601.0 538.3 786.5 578.3 686.9 739.2 742.9 563.1 961.2

526.7 462.4 747.2 352.0 626,6 639.3 637.0 454,6 932.1

467.3 408.7 687.1 316.7 554,6 551.9 532.7 355.CI 882.6

393.8 339.1 620.5 266.7 486,0 443.2 419.4 260.6 808.6

281,8 241.5 491.7 175.0 373,4 284.7 231.1 124.2, 622.7

198.1 164.6 388.5 120.5 287.4 176.0 108.5 62.5 427.4

180.0 146.3 379.3 122.3 256,1 151.9 83.8 42.7 361.6

188.0 155.5 353.5 140.2 271.7 171.9 96.1 55.9 330.0

204.6 172.0 404.5 124.1 282.5 195.7 132.1 8oe5 341.8

‘Includes origin not stated,

‘Includes races other than white and black,

Tabla 9. Percant of mothars completing 12 years or more of school by age and Hispanic origin df mother and by race of child for mothers

of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 21 raporting States and tha District of Columbia, 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown

Age of mother origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 VWrita Black

All agea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. .,.., 78,2 55.2 41.3 51.8 77.6 62.9

Under 15 years. .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.7 26.7 21.3 23.9 37.2 38.5

15–17 years . .,, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 7.7 5.9 7.9 9.1 14.4

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. .,. 54.8 37.8 30.6 34.0 48.6 47.0

20-24 years .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,, ,., 76.5 56,6 44.3 54.0 76.6 62.6

25-29 years.,,....,......,,,. . . . . 88.2 65.6 49.0 65.9 85.6 68,1

30-34 years.,,..,.,,,...,.. ,, . . . . . . . 90.7 64.0 46.5 66.0 84.0 64,6

35-39 years, .,, , ., .,,,..... . . . . . . . . . 87,1 57.4 39!1 56.9 80.9 61.4

40 years and over,.,.,,..,.. . . . . . . . . . 76,8 46.8 24.8 44.4 61.5 55.7

64,1 80.3 84.2 66.2

32.3 40.2 41.8 37.6

8.0 9.9 9.8 9.9

47.1 56.9 56.2 58.3

66.4 78.5 80.5 72.8

75.9 90.0 92.4 79.1

75.3 92.7 95.1 79.8

67.1 89.8 93.2 75.1

59.7 81.0 86.7 62.8

llncludes orlgln not stated,

‘Includes races other than white and black,

NOTE: Excludes data for California and Texas, wh)ch did not repoti educational attainment,
Table 10. Percent of births with selected characteristics, by nativity status and Hispanic origin of mothar and by race of child for mothers

of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbia, 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown

Characteristic of mother origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

Mothers under 20 years of age:

U. S.-born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Foreign- or Puerto Rican-born . . . . . . . . }

13.2

Mothers 30 years of age and over:

U. S.-born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Foreign- or Puerto Rican-born . . . . . . . . }

24.3

Fourth and higher order births:

U.S.-born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Foreign- or Puerto Rican-born . . . . . . . .

Births to unmarried mothers

U. S.-born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Foreign- or Puerto Rican-born . . . . . . . .

Mothers completing less than 12 yaars

of school:3

10.1

21.9

U. S.-born . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Foreign- or Puerto Rican-born }

21.8

. . . . . . . .

Mothers completing 12 years or more

of school:3

U. S.-born, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Foreign- or Puerto Rican-born }

78.2

. . . . . . . .

22.8 22.8 27.6

11.9 13.3 15.4

16.2 17.0 9.8

26.4 24.9 26.8

13.2 14,9 7.5

18.4 22.2 16.7

30.4 26.6 53.4

26.5 21.8 48.5

40.3 43,2 45.7

48.5 75.9 50.5

59.7 56.8 54.3

51.5 24.1 49.5

20.3 22.3 20.5

6.9 7.7 8.5 }

12.5

11.8 15.2 16.7

27.4 29.7 30.8 }

24.7

3.6 6.7 10.9

5.8 11.6 12.0 )

9.1

18.8 28.7 32.0

15.9 34.0 23.1 }

20.8

23.3 28.1 34.3

22.3 37.4 40.2 }

19,7

76.7 71.9 65.7

77.7 62.6 59.8 )

80.3

10.0

25.8

7.5

11.2

15.8

84.2

23.8

17.2

14.3

60.5

33.8

66.2

1Includes origin not stated.

‘Includes races other than white and black,

3Excludes data for California and Taxas, which did not report educational attainment.
Table 11, Percent of mothers who began prenetal care in the first trimester of pregnancy and percent of mothers who had late or no prenatal

cere, by age and Hispanic origin of mother and by racaof child for mothers of non- Hispanic origin, and madian number of prenatal visits by

Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: Totel of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbia, 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Trimester of pregnancy prenatal care Central Other and

began, age of mother, and All Puerto and South unknown

median number of visits origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 Whita Black

First trimester

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years,....,.......,.. . . . . . . . .

25-29 years,....,.......,.. . . .

30-34 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over.,.......,,..

Third trimester or no care

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years,...........,,. .

15-19 years.,,.,..,......,,.. . . . .

15-17 years ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18–19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years And over . . . . . . . . . . .

Number of prenatal visits3,4. . . . . . . . . . . .

74,9

33.7

52.6

47.3

55.5

70.9

82.1

84.3

80.7

70.8

6.4

21.6

13.0

14.6

12.1

7.6

4.3

3.7

4.9

8.1

11.2

61.5

36.2

47.5

44.7

49.2

59.6

67.7

69.4

65.3

59.0

12,6

24,3

18.2

19,1

17,6

13.4

10.2

9.2

10.6

12.2

9.8

60.4

38.0

47.7

44.8

49.5

58.8

66.5

68.2

62.7

55.4

13.0

23.4

18.0

18.7

17.6

13.7

10.6

9,6

11.6

14.1

9.6

57.4

32.0

43.5

42.0

44.4

55.8

64.9

67.8

64.8

63.8

16.3

30.3

22.7

23.6

22.1

17.1

13.4

11,2

12.1

9.3

9.6

Percent

82.2 61.1

*55.6 33.3

63.8 46.7

58.7 46.3

66.0 46.9

79.6 57.4

86.5 64.1

86.9 65.6

86.1 66.7

78.4 64.0

4.0 12.6

“11.1 30.0

8.1 19.4

8.4 21.7

8.0 18.4

4.8 14.2

3.0 11.5

3.0 10.4

2.0 9.9

5.2 9.2

Median

11.0 9.9

66.7

30.5

49.1

45.3

51.4

64.5

74.2

76.8

74.2

65.7

9.1

21.9

15.1

16.9

14.0

9.7

6.6

5.5

7.1

8.6

10.4

77.4

32.9

53.8

47.9

57.0

73.2

84.3

86.5

83.7

74.5

5.3

21.0

11,7

13.4

10.8

6.4

3.4

2.6

3.8

6.7

11.3

81.7

35.7

58.2

51.9

61.0

77.3

87.5

89.3

86.7

78.2

3.9

22.9

9.9

11.8

9.1

5.0

2.4

1.9

2.8

5.2

11.6

61.0

31.9

46.6

43.0

49.2

60.0

69.9

72.3

69.7

61.6

10.5

20.4

14.5

15.4

13.9

10.8

7.8

7.2

8.2

11.2

10.7

llncludes ongm not stated.

21ncludas races other than whtte and black.

3ExcIudes b]rths to mothers with no pranatal care,

4Excludes data for California, which did not raporl prenatal vmlts.
Table 12. Percent of births of low birth weight by age and Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:

Total of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbia, 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Centraf Other and

All Puerto

Age of mother

and South unknown

origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 Whita Black

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.2 5.7 8.9 5.9 5.8 6.9 6.9 5.5 12.4

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.8 10.6 9.3 16.8 *11.1 17.6 9.4 13.4 10.2

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14.7

9.3 7.5 6.9 10.4 7.6 7.3 8.1 9.7 7.7 13.4

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.3 8.1 7.4 11.6 9.7 9.2 7.6 10.8 8.7 13.6

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.8 7.2 6.6 9.6 6.7 6.5 8.4 9.1 7.2

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13.2

7.0 6.1 5.6 8.8 5.8 5.4 7.0 7.1 5.7

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12.2

5.9 5.4 5.0 7.8 5.8 5.1 6.5 6.0 4.9

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11.7

6.0 5.7 5.3 8.5 5.1 6.0 5.9 6.0 5.1 11.9

35-39 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.7 6.3 8.5 6.3 7.6 6.3 6.8 5.8 12.5

40 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 8.0 7.2 12.1 6.0 8.4 10.4 8.0 6.8 13.7

I Includes mgin not stated.

‘Includes races other than white and black.

NOTE: Low b]rth weight is defined as Iesa than 2,500 grams (5 lb. 8 oz.).

Table 13. Percent of births born prior to 37 weeks of gestation and percent of births with 1- and 5-minute Apgar scores less than 7, by

Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: Total of reporting States, 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown

Gestation and Apgar score origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

Born prior to 37 weeks of gestation3. . . . , 9.6 10.4 10.4 12.3 8.7 10.0 9.6 9.4 7.6 16,8

1-minute Apgar scores less than 74 . . . . . . 9.3 8.7 9.0 7.9 6.2 7.9

5-minute Apgar scores less than 74 . . . . . .

10.5

1.9

9.7 9.1 12.0

1.7 1.6 1.8 1.1 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.6 3.2

1Includes ongm not stated,

‘Includes races other than white and black.

3Data are for 22 reporting States and the D!atnct of Columbla. Excludes data for New Mexico, whosh dld not repon first day of last normal menstrual period.

4Data are for 21 reporting States and the District of Columbia. Excludes data for Cahfornia and Texas, which did not report 1- and 5-minute Apgar acorea.
Table 14. Number of live births by place of delivery and attendant at birth and parcent distribution by attendant at birth, according to Hispanic

origin of mother and race of child for mothars of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting statas and the District of Columbia, 1984

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

Place of delivery and All Puerto and South unknown

attendant at birth origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 Whita Black

All births, , ...,,....

lnhospita13 ...,,....

Physic Ian ...,,....

Midwife . . . . . . . . . .

Other . ., ...,,....

Not specified, . . . .

Out of hospita14, . . . . .

Physic Ian...,,.,..

Midwife . ...,.....

Other . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not specified, . . . . .

All births . . . . . . . . . . .

Physician . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwife, . . . . . . . . . . .

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,230,815

2,206,969

2,135,218

54,492

10,331

6,928

23,846

5,650

10,449

6,341

1,406

100.0

96.3

2.9

0.8

346,986

340,771

320,280

15,386

3,258

1,847

6,215

872

4,201

870

272

100.0

93.1

5.7

1.2

225,767

220,273

207,765

8,757

2,347

1,404

5,494

714

3,879

706

195

100,0

93,0

5.6

1.4

34,219

34,127

31,524

2,426

133

44

92

28

37

26

1

100.0

92.3

7.2

0.5

Number

9,477 36,401

9,447 36,103

8,923 32,761

479 2,587

23 502

22 253

30 298

14 57

9 142

6 53

1 46

Percent distribution

100,0 100.0

94.5 90.9

5.2 7.6

0.3 1,5

41,122

40,821

39,307

1,137

253

124

301

59

134

79

29

100.0

96.1

3.1

0.8

1,791,949

1,776,132

1,727,619

36,994

6,859

4,660

15,817

3,953

5,760

5,071

1,033

100.0

96.9

2.4

0.7

1,352,523

1,339,705

1,310,88s1

21,343

4,113

3,36CI

12,818

2,876

5,1951

4,015

732

1Oo.cl

97.4.

2.CI

0.6

338,943

336,665

321,697

12,327

1,857

784

2,278

885

415

801

177

100.0

95.4

3.8

0.8

1Includes orfg[n not stated,

‘Includes races other thsn white and black,

31ncludes births occurring en route to or on arrival at hospital,

41ncludes births with place of delivery not stated.
Monthly Vial Statistics Report ~ 19

Technical notes

Sources of data

Concurrent with the 1978 revision of the U.S. Standard

Certificate of Live Birth, the National Center for Health Statistics recommended that States add items to identi~ the Hispanic or ethnic origin of the newborn’s mother and father. In

1983 and 1984,23 States and the District of Columbia included

questions on origin, selecting one of two basic formats. The

fmt format was an open-ended item to obtain the specific origin

or descent of each parent (for example, Italkn, Mexican, German, Puerto Rican, English, or Cuban). The second format

was directed specifically toward the Hispanic population and

asked whether the mother and father were of Spanish origin. If

so,the specflc origin, such as Mexican, Puerto Rican, or Cuban,

was to be indicated.

Sampling

Birth data shown in this report rue based on 100 percent of

the births occurring in the 20 States that provided data through

the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Births occurring in

the remaining three States (Arizona, California, and Georgia)

and the District of Columbia are sampled at a 50-percent rate.

Because the sampling rate is large, the associated emors are

relatively small. The data shown in the tables are for bkths to

all residents of the 23 States and the District of Columbia reporting ethnic or Hispanic origin, regardless of where the births

occurred. Births occurring in nonreporting States to residents

of the reporting area are included in the “not stated” origin

category.

Racial classification

Racial designation in this report is that of the child, which

is determined from the race of the parents as entered on the

birth certificate. When the parents are of different races and

one parent is white, the child is assigned the other parent’s

race. When the parents are of different races and neither parent

is white, the child is assigned the father’s race with one exception—if the mother is Hawaiian or p@-Hawaiian, the child is

considered Hawaiian. When race is missing on the certificate

for one parent, the child is assigned the race of the other parent.

When race is not reported for either parent, the race of the

child is assigned the race of the child on the immediately preceding record.

Population denominators

Birth and fertility rates for 1983 and 1984 are based on

estimates of the Hispanic population from the Current Population Survey. Population estimates were provided for 11 States,

including Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, and Texas.

These estimates are controlled to postcensal independent estimates of the Hispanic population by age and sex for the United

States, based on 1980 census data. The population data are

based on small samples and may, therefore, be subject to sub

stantial sampling error. Information on the derivation of these

estimates and the sampling error is presented in a recent U.S.

Bureau of the Census report.1

Computation of rates

In computing vital statistics rates for this report, births

with unknown origin of mother are included with non-Hispanic

births rather than being distributed. Thus rates for the Hispanic

population are underestimates of the true rates to the extent

that the births with unknown origin of mother for the 11-State

area (2.9 percent) are actually to Hispanic mothers. The population with unknown origin has been imputed. The effect on the

rates is believed to be small.

Computation of percent distributions

and medians

Births with unknown live-birth order, nativity of mother,

educational attainment of metier, month of pregnancy in which

prenatal care began, birth weight, period of gestation, 1- and 5-

minute Apgar scores, and attendant at birth were subtracted

from total births before percent distributions were computed.

The median number of prenatal visits includes only mothers

who received some prenatal care. Data are shown with an asterisk (*) when the base of the measure is less than 20 live

births.

NOTE: A list of references follows the text,
Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura:

Births of Hispanic parentage, 1983 and 1984.

Monthly Vital Statistics Repofi. Vol. 36, No.4

SUPP. (2). DHHS Pub. No, [PHS) 87–1 120. Public

Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., July 24, 1987.

Copyright information

This report may be reprinted without further

permission,
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—— ——

—-. — ==__—— ._ _—_=_ _— —-—— —

nlnmlnllullfi[tilnllil

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Final Data From the National Center for Health Statistics Vol. 36, No. 5, Supplement (2) . September 8, 1987

Induced Terminations of Pregnancy: Reporting States, 1984

by Eve Powell-Griner, Ph. D., Division of Vital Statistics

Highlights

In 1984, there were 306,792 abortions reported as occurring to residents within the 13-State reporting are% an increase

of 2,296 (1 percent) over the number for the previous year.

The abortion ratio of 364.3 abortions per 1,000 live births was

slightly higher than the figure for 1983 (360.8); the increase

continues the general upward trend since 1978. Changes in the

abortion ratio between 1983 and 1984 largely reflect greater

increases for white women than for black women, for married

women than for unmarried women, and for women under age

30 years than for older women for whom abortion ratios declined between the two years.

Induced abortion ratios are associated with a number of

demographic characteristics of women. The highest ratios continued to be among the youngest and oldest women, and the

abortion ratios continued to lx twice as high for black as for

white wome~ although ratios for young women (under 19 years)

were higher for white women.

Abortion ratios are much lower among married than unmarried women. About three-fourths of the abortions occurring

in the reporting area in 1984 were to unmarried women. Ratios

for educational attainment showed the highest ratio for white

women with 9– 11 years of educatiov among black womenj the

highest ratio was for those who had completed 12 yeara of

schooling. The lowest ratio for white women was for those with

16 years or more of education. In contrast, the lowest ratio for

black women was for those with less than 9 years education.

In terms of previous pregnancy history, nearly 6 out of 10

women having induced terminations in 1984 had no previous

live bhth, and about 6 out of 10 never had a prior induced termination. The median duration of gestation was 9.2 weeks for

women having induced terminations in 1984. It was longer for

black women on average than for white women, longer for less

educated women, and longer for out-of-State residents than for

in-State residents. In 1984 suction curettage was the type of

procedure used in 95.1 percent of all terminations. Complications were reported for less than 1 percent of all induced terminations. The abdon ratio among women residing in metropolitan areas was 2% times that of nonmetropolitan residents.

Introduction

This report on induced terminations of pregnancy is based

on 1984 data reported to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) by 13 States. Earlier reports showed data for 5

States in 1977,8 States in 1978, 13 States in 1979, 12 States

in 1980 and 1981, and 13 States in 1982 and 1983.1-5 The

States in this report include Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York Oregoq Rhode Island South CarIinq Temessee, Utah, Vermon~ and Virginia. Although New

York City is a separate registration area from tie remainder of

New York State, the data for both areas are combined except

where otherwise noted.

Data are based on individual reports of induced abortions

submitted to State vital registration offices. Reports of induced

terminations are submitted to these offices in accordance with

the laws and statutes of the respective States. The reporting

States provided NCHS data on magnetic tape for individual

events coded from copies of the original reports of induced

termination of pregnancy.

Induced abortions are distinguished in NCHS statistics

from spontaneous abortions or fetal deaths. Induced abortion

“means the purposeful interruption of pregnancy with the intention other than to produce a live-born infant or to remove a

dead fetus which does not result in a live birth.”6 All other

abortions are “spontaneous.” In this report, the term “abortion” refers to “induced abortion” or “induced termination of

pregnancy”; all three terms are used interchangeably.

Abortion data are shown on both an occurrence and a residence basis. Detailed tables at the end of the report and selected text tables show data for all abortions to U.S. residents

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Public Health Service
2 ~ MonthlyVitiIlStatisticsReport

occurring in the 13-State reporting area. The occurrence tables

represent characteristics and factors associated with the utilization of health services within the geographic area in which

the abortion occurred. In contrast, ratio tables within the text

exclude abortions to nonresidents of the reporting States. Such

tables show the frequency of abortions in relation to demographic characteristics associated with births to residents of the

area. The distinction between occurrence and residence data is

made in the text and in the headnotes of the tables.

Data are analyzed using percent distributions, medians,

and ratios (see Technical notes). Abortion ratios are based on

the number of abortions and live births occurring in the reporting States to residents of those States. Ratios are expressed

as the number of abortions per 1,000 live. births. Such ratios

provide an approximate indication of the frequency of abortions

in relation to the frequency of pregnancies. An estimate of pregnancies could include the sum of live births, induced terminations, and fetal deaths; however, it is common practice to use

only live births in calculating these ratios,7.8 because data on

fetal deaths under 20 weeks of gestation are not reported for all

States. When fetal deaths of 20 weeks or more gestation are

included in the denominator along with live births and abortions, the abortion ratios for the reporting area are slightly lower

than when only live births and abortions are used. A comparison of abortion ratios per 1,000 live births and per 1,000

live births plus induced terminations is shown in the Technical

notes.

The magnitude of the ratios is affected by the distribution

of both live births and abortions according to such characteristics of the female population as age, race, marital status, and

educational attainment in a specitled State or group of States.

Therefore, ratios for the same demographic group, such as white

females, may vary for different multi-State areas. Accordingly,

caution should be used in generalizing from the ratios reported for the muM-State reporting areas to the entire U.S.

population.

Number of abortions and abortion ratios

In 1984, a total of 306,792 abortions were reported as

occurring to United States residents within the 13-State reporting area, an increase of 1 percent from the 304,496 abortions reported for the same area in 1983. Of the 1984 abortions, 17,963, or 6 percent, involved nonresidents of the area.

The induced abortion ratio for the 13-State area in 1984 was

364.3 abortions per 1,000 live births, an increase of 1 percent

over the previous year (table A).

Age and race

One-fourth of the induced abortions in 1984 in the 13-

State area were to women under 20 years of age (table 1).

More than one-third (35 percent) occurred to women at ages

20–24 years. The remaining 40 percent were to women 25

years of age and over.

The pattern of abortions by age for white and black women

has remained similar since 1978. In 1984, as in previous years,

a larger proportion of white women who had abortions (62 percent) were under 25 years of age compared with black women

(58 percent). This difference is reflected in a slightly lower

medkn age at pregnancy termination for white (23.1 years)

than for black women (23.7 years) and a slightly lower peak

age for white (20 years) than for black women (21 years).

Abortion ratios vary by age of women at the time of pregnancy termimtion (table A). Ratios are higher at the extremes of

the age distribution of the childbearing period, that is, among

women 14 years of age and younger and 40 years of age and

older. However, the women in both of these age groups comTable A. Ratios of induced terminations of pregnancy by race and age of woman, 1984, and percent change, 1983-84 13-State area

[Ratios per 1,000 live births. Induced terminations of pregnancy and IIve b!rths are only those occurring i“ the area among residents of the ,rea]

All All

Age of woman racesl White Black racesl White Black

Alleges, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 14 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years.,.....,,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over..,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ratio

364.3 307.4 646.3

1,946.9

1,501.3

728.8

1,077.2

890.5

759.5

760.0

599.0

414.3

242.4

225.6

358.3

692.1

2,088.7

1,845.9

756.8

1,239.3

984.1

811.1

804.1

598.8

360.4

187.3

172.8

294.0

607.2

1,884.2

1,290.8

678.1

914.9

747.9

664.1

667.9

611.4

651.4

587.6

591.2

737.3

1,083,3

Percent changez

*

1.0 1.1 0.3

–3.1 10.9 –1 0.7

10.4 17.2 5.6

3.1 4.4 0.1

6.3 15.4 –3.6

3.5 3.6 3.1

5.4 7.3 1.0

1.8 2.7 -0.3

2.2 3.0 -0.1

4.2 4.4 2.4

1.1 1.1 -0.5

–1 .7 –2.1 -0.7

-3.2 –2.7 –2.8

–4.0 –3.2 –4.0

1Includes races other than white and black,

‘See Technmal notes.

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Ind$ana, Kanaaa, Mlssourl, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia,
Monthly Vital Statistics Reporl~ 3

bined accounted for a total of only 1 percent of all induced

terminations and all live births. Although abortion ratios by

age for both white and black women have a U-shaped pattern, the variation in abortion ratios is greater for white women

(figure 1).

For white women there were 307.4 abortions per 1,000

live births in 1984 compared with 646.3 for black women. In

both 1983 and 1984 the ratio of abortions to live births was

higher for white teens than for black teens; but for women 20

years of age and older, the ratio was higher for black than for

white women in every 5-year age group.

From 1983 to 1984, abortion ratios for residents of the

13-State area increased by 1 percent for white women but remained about the same for black women (table A). For white

women, the increase was the result of increases in abortion

ratios for younger women, that is, age groups under 30 years.

Age groups beyond that age showed decreases. For black womenj

there were declines for age groups over 24 years and under 14

1,100

1,000

900

800

700

600

500

400

❑ White

❑ Black

I

300

200

100

0

15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40+

Woman’s age In years

Figure 1. Abortion ratios by age end race of woman: 13-State

wee, 1984

years; the most substantial declines were among those aged 35

years and older.

Marital status

Twelve States (Colorado, Indi~ Kansas, Missouri, Montan% Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolin% Tennessee, Utah,

Vermont, and Virginia) and New York City collected information on the marital status of women having induced terminations. Of the abortions occurring in this reporting area in 1984,

22 percent were reported for married women and 78 percent

were reported for unmarned women (table 2).

Married women who had abortions were older than unmarried women. Of married women, more than twothirds (68

percent) were 25 years of age or older, compared with onethird (33 percent) of unmarried women. The median age of

married women having abortions in 1984 was 27.8 years, 5.4

years older than the median age of 22.4 years for unmarried

women.

Black women who had abortions tended to be older than

whhe women, regardless of marital status. Of married black

women, 72 percent were 25 years of age or older compared

with 65 percent of married white women. Similarly, among unmarried women having abortions, 37 percent of black women

were 25 years of age or older compared with 32 percent of

white women. In 1984, the median age of married women ob

taining an abortion was 28.4 years for black women and 27.5

years for white women, compared with 22.9 years for unmarried

black and 22.1 years for unmarried white women.

Induced abortion ratios by marital status and race for events

to residents occurring in the 12-State area are shown in table B.

Data for New York were excluded because information was

not obtained on mother’s marital status for live births cccurring

in upstate New York. Marned women had less than 1 induced

abortion for every 10 live births, while unmanied women had

11 induced abortions for every 10 live births (table B). Among

married women, the abortion ratio for black women was nearly

three times that for white women. However, among unmarried

women the relationship was reversed For white unmarried

women the abortion ratio was three times that for black unmarned women. This reversal for unmarried women occurred

because the number of abortions (the numerator) for white unmarned women was more than three times the number of akxxtions for black unmarried wome~ althoughthetotalnumber of

live births (the denominator) for white unmarried women and

black unmarried women was nearly the same.

Increases in ah-don ratios between 1983 and 1984 among

married women were shared by white women (2 percent) and

black women (6 percent). For unmarried women, the ratios

increased for black women (4 ~rcent) but decreased for white

women (2 percent).

Educational attainment

For an 1l-State area (Indian% Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New Yorlq Oregon, South Carolina, Temessee, UtaQ
4 ~ MonthlyVitalStatisticsReport

Table B. Ratios of induced terminations of pregnancy, by marital status and race of woman, 1984, and percent change, 1983-84

12-State area

[Ratios per 1,000 live births, Induced terminations of pregnancy and Iwe births are only those occurring in tha area among residents of the area]

All All

Race of woman women Married Unmarried women Married Unmarried

Ratio Percent changez

Allracesl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.9 67.7 1,102.2 3.4 2.9 0.4

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242.7 58.4 1,625.2 2.9 2.3 –1 .6

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383.1 160.9 536.7 5.1 6.3 3.7

Ilncludes races other than wh!te and black.

‘See Tachnlcal notas.

NOTE: The 12-State area includes Colorado, Ind!ana, Kansas, Mksaouri, Montana, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carollna, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia,

Vermont, and Virginia) in 1984, data are available on induced

abortions by the educational attainment of the women (table 3).

Area residents having abortions had about the same median edw

cational attainment (12.6 years) as their counterparts carrying

their pregnancies to term, 12.7 years.

Abortion ratios are associated with educational attainment, but the pattern differs somewhat between white women

and black women (table C). For white wom[en, the highest ratio

was for those with 9– 11 years of schooling (356.9 abortions

per 1,000 live births), and the peak for black women was for

those with 12 years of education (743.6). Moreover, for white

wome~ the lowest ratio is for those with the highest educational

attainment (16 years or more), compared with black women

for whom the lowest ratio is for those with the least education

(O-8 years of schooling).

The pattern of abortion ratios by educational attainment

for all ages combined may be affected by the interrelation of

age, marital status, and years of school completed. Very young

women are more likely to be unmarried and may not have completed their schooling. Further, the ratios for women of high educational attainment may reflect the lower ratios that characterize

older women. To take into account these interrelatiomdips and

to obtain a better indication of the association between educational attainment and abortion patterns, an analysis was made

for women aged 25 years old and over, most of whom will have

completed their formal education by that age (figure 2). This

analysis shows that the peak abortion ratios for both race groups

were for women with 12 years of education. For white women

over 25 years, the ratio was 245.5 abortions per 1,000 live

births and for black women, 773.8. With additional education,

abortion ratios declined for both black and white women, but

the decline was proportionately greater for white than for black

women.

Previous pregnancies

Previous live births

In 1984 more than half (55 percent) of the women who

obtained abortions in the 13-State area had no previous live

birth (table D). The percent was greater among white than among

black women, 62 percent compared with 37 percent,, and was

related to the age of the woman having an abortiom the younger

Table C. Ratios of induced terminations of pragnancy, by race, age, and educational attainment of woman: 11-Stata araa, 1984

[Ratios per 1,000 Iiva births. Induced terminations of pregnancy and Iwe births are only those occurring in the area among residents of the area]

Years of schooling completed

O-8 9-71 12 13-15 16 years

Age and race of woman Total years years years years or more

Allracesl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366.4 255.0 385.3 404.9 392.6 241.7

10–17 years.,.,.,.,.....,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874.5 555.1 841.0 1,684.6 5,218.4

18–24 years,,..,..,,...,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25 years Andover.,.....,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

465.3

258.8

306.6

940.1

418.5

199,2

641.7

785,9

640.6

611,9

164.0

199.1

224.9

460.8

152.7

204.6

373.9

719.4

231.1

199.4

270.4

280.8

356,9

921.9

238.2

241.0

463.7

724.8

368.0

380.9

457.9

332.4

326.7

,870.8

394.6

245.5

743.6

,407.7

695.8

773.8

735.8

230.7

329.8

4,973.1

688.0

175.7

735.8

7,222.2

930.9

586.9

934.8

179.2

207.7

895.4

149.2

662.0

1,275.8

561.4

llncludes races other than white and black.

NOTE: The 11 -State area includas Indiana, Kansaa, M(ssour), Montana, New York, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia.
MonthlyVital StatisticsReporl~ 5

a

.—>

0

0

0-

800

r

700

600

500

I

400

t

300

t

200

100

0

White

Black

O-8 9-11 12 13-15 16

or more

Years of schooling

--- . . .

Figure z. Abortion ratios by educational attainment for white and

black woman aged 25 years and ovec 11-State area, 1984

the womq the more likely she never had a previous live birth

(table 4). Among women aged 15-17 years, 92 percent had no

previous live birth. In contrast, among women aged 40 years

and over, only 11 percent had no previous live birth. While this

same pattern existed for women of both races, black women

having abortions were more likely to have had previous live

births at every age than white women.

Table D. Percent distribution of induced terminations of pregnancy

by number of previous live births of woman, according to race:

13-State area, 1984

[Data include only Induced termknattons of pregnancy occumng tn the reporting

area]

Number of All

previous live births racesl White Black

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births ...,..... . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 previous live births or more . . . . . . . . . .

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

54.6 62.0 37.4

21.7 18.2 30.1

15.2 13.2 19.7

5.5 4.5 7.7

1.9 1.4 3.1

0.7 0.4 1.2

0.3 0.2 0.4

0.2 0.1 0.3

For a 12-State area (Colorado, Indian% Kansas, Missouri,

Montana, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee,

Utahj VermonG and Virginia) and New York City, data are

available on the number of previous live births to women having

abortions in 1984 according to the marital status of the women.

One-fifth of married women and nearly twcAhirds (62 percent)

of unmarried women who obtained abortions had no previous

live birth (table 5).

Previous induced terminations

For the 13-State are% almost mm-thirds (63 percent) of

white women and about half (49 percent) of black women having

abortions in 1984 had no prior induced termination (table E).

For those under 15 years of age, the youngest group, 94 percent

had no previous induced abortion.

over half(51 percent) of black women and more than onethird (37 percent) of white women had repeat abortions. In

each age group, a larger proportion of black than white women

had experienced a prior abortion (table 6). Among black womeq

more than half of each 5-year age group aged 20–24 years and

older had experienced a prior induced abortion. Among white

women, the age group 25–29 years had the largest percent of

repeat abortions, 51 percent.

Period of gestation

Nine out of 10 induced terminations occurring in the 13-

State area in 1984 occurred during the first trimester of pregnancy, as shown in tables F, 7, and 8. Almost half (47 percent)

were for pregnancies of 8 weeks or less duration and 43 percent

were for pregnancies of 9-12 weeks duration. Only 11 percent

of all abortions were obtained by women whose pregnancies had

lasted more than 12 weeks.

The median gestational period for black women having

abortions was slightly longer at 9.5 weeks than the corresponding period for white women, 9.1 weeks. The length of the gestational period also tended to be somewhat longer for younger

Table E. Percent of inducad terminations of pregnancy to women

with no previous induced termination, by age and rata of woman:

13-State area, 1984

[Data Include only reduced term{ rratmns of pregnancy occurring m the repomng

area]

All

Age of woman races~ White Black

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.8 62.8 49,2

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.6 95.1 92.6

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.0 88.4 80.4

18-19 yaars, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.1 78.0 65.8

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.1 60.9 47.1

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.4 49.1 37.0

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.9 50.1 36.3

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.8 56.2 37.8

40 years and over, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.3 62.8 39.4

llncludes races other than whne and black.

NOTE: The 13-State area Includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Mwsourl,

Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carollna, Tannessea, Utah,

Varmont, and Virginia.

llncludes races other than whne and black.

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri,

Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah,

Vermont, and Vlrgln!a.
6 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~

Table F. Percant distribution of induced terminations of pregnancy by pariod of gestation, and median gestationel period, according to

age of woman: 13-State area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring ,n the reporting area]

Under

All 15 15-17 18-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40 years

Period of gestation ages years years years years years years years and over

Percent distribution

Allperiods of gestation ..,....,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100,0 100,0 100.0 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 6.6 5.4 6.9 9.7 13.4 16.0 17.3 15.3

7-8 weeks.....,....,,....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.7 23,3 26,3 31.5 35.4 39.2 41.2 42.0 41.7

9-12 weeks...,.....,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.6 46,6 60.2 48.0 44.3 39.2 35.9 34.1 35.3

13weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 23.0 17.8 13.4 10.4 7.9 6.6 6.3 7.4

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Median

Period of gestation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 10.4 10.2 9.7 9.3 8.9 8.7 8.6 8.6

1Period of gestation is calculated from “date last normal menses began” or “physlclan’s estimate of gestation”; see Technical notes.

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.

than for older women (figure 3). For women under 20 years of

age, the median gestational period was 10I.Oweeks, about 1

week longer than the 9.O-weekperiod for women age 20 years

or more. The same pattern by age prevailed for both black and

white women. However, black women at every age had longer

gestational periods prior to induced termination than white

women.

For an 1l-State area (Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah,

Vermont, and Virginia) in 1984, data are available to examine

duration of pregnancy prior to abortion by educational attainmen~ age, and race of women (table 9). Generally, delayed

terminations were associated with less educational attainment.

For women with less than a high school (education, median

gestation period was 9.9 weeks compared with 9.0 weeks for

women with 12 or more years of school. When this analysis is

restricted to women 25 years of age and ove]r who have had the

opportunity to complete their schooling, the relationship is attenuated The median gestation at time of ternninationfor women

with less than a high school education was 9.1 weeks, and the

median for those with 12 years or more wm 8,7 weeks. The

relationship between educational attainment and gestational

duration was similar for white and black women, although black

women of every educational attainment level had induced abortions later in their pregnancies than white women.

Type of procedure and repotted

complications

Data on types of procedures used to induce pregnancy terminations are available for the 13-State area for 1984 (tables G

and 10). These figures indicate that more than 9 out of 10 inductions were performed by suction curettage. The second most

frequently reported method, saline instillation, accounted for

P\

l\

I

“/./

-/

/

6 7-8 9-10 11-12 13-14 15

weeks weeks weeka weeks weeka weeka

or

1::s more

Length of gestation

Figure 3. Percent distribution of abortions by Iangth of pregnency,

according to woman’a age: 13-State erea, 1984

only 2 percent of the inductions in 1984. Suction curettage was

the predominant procedure for induced abortions under 21 weeks

gestation as shown in table 10, but the proportion of terminations by saline instillation increased as gestation increased. At
MonthlyVitalStatisticsReport~ 7

Table G. Percent distribution of induced terminations of

pregnancy by type of procedure, according to pariod of gestation:

13-Stete erea, 1984

[Data includeonly inducad terminations of pregnancy occurring in the

rspomng area]

Period of gestation 1

Less 76

All than 73 13-15 weeks or

Type of procedure periods weeks weeks more

Percent distribution

All procedures . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Suction curettage. . . . . . . 95.1 98.4 85.0 46.2

Sharp curettage . . . . . . . . 0.4 0.4

Saline instillation . . . . . . .

1.0 1.3

1.7 0.2 3.8 27.5

Prostaglandin

instillation. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.1 2.0 8.1

Hysterotomy . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Hysterectomy. . . . . . . . . . 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 0.9 8.1 16.7

1Period of gsstation is calculated from ‘“date last normal menses began” or

“physician’s estimate of gestation’”; see Technical notaa.

NDTE The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, M!asouri,

Montana, New York, Oragon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah,

Vermont, and Virginia.

gestations of21 weeks or more, a larger proportion of terminations were by saline instillation (41 percent) than suction

curettage (35 percent).

Overall, complications were indicated on the reporting form

for less than 1 percent of the induced terminations in 1984. Of

the 1,819 reporting forms that indicated complications, 54 percent reported retained products alone or retained products in

combination with other complications; 17 percent reported

hemorrhage alone or hemorrhage in combination with other

complications, and 30 percent reported other complications.

The procedure used in 95 percent of all abortions occurring in

the 13-State area, suction curettage, accounted for about half

of the reported complications (54 percent). Saline instillation,

used in 2 percent of all abortions, accounted for 25 percent of

the complications. The complication rate for suction curettage

was very low (3.4 per 1,000 abortions) compared with the complication rate reported for saline instillation (87.6 per 1,000

abortions).

Residence patterns

Metropolitan and nonmetropolitan residence

In 1984, metropolitan area residents obtained 87 percent

of the induced terminations occurring in the 13-State area

(table 11). Residents of nonmetropolitan areas having induced

abortions were, on the average, younger than metropolitan

women having abortions. The median age at termination for

nonrnetropolitan women was 22.3 years and for metropolitan

women, 23.5 years.

The relative frequency of induced abortion per 1,000 live

births for residents of metropolitan areas was about 2?4 times

that for residents of nonmetropolitan areas, 429.3 and 168.4,

respectively (table H). Black women living in metropolitan areas

were three times as likely to obtain abortions as black women

living in nonrnetropolitan area% the relative frequency of induced abortions among white women living in metropolitan

areas was two times that of white women residing in nonmetr~

politan areas. Among nonmetropolitan residents, abortion ratios

for black women (21 2.7) were nearly 1% times those for white

women (164.6). In metropolitan areas, the abortion ratio for

black women (718.5) was 2 times that for white women (361.2).

Thus, the difference in abortion ratios between the two racial

groups was somewhat greater in metropolitan areas than in

nonmetropolitan areas, reflecting the very high abortion ratios

of black women in metropolitan areas.

Out-of-State residents

In the 13-State area in 1984, only 7 percent of induced

abortions were obtained by U.S. residents outside their State

of residence (table 12). Nearly two-thirds (65 percent) were

obtained by women in their home county, and the remainder

(28 percent) were obtained by women in their home State but

outside their county of residence.

Residence status is associated with the duration of gestation prior to termination. Women obtaining abortions out of

their State of residence have slightly longer pregnancies prior

to termination thsn women having abortions in their State of

residence. The median gestational period for out-of-State residents was 9.6 weeks compared with 9.2 weeks for women ob

taining abortions in their State of residence. About 17 percent

Table H. Ratios of induced terminations of pregnancy by race and metropolitan-nonmetropolitan residence,l 984, and percent changa,

1983-84: 13-State area

[Ratios per 1,000 live binhs. Induced terminations of pregnancy and hve births are only those occurring [n the area among residents of the area]

All All

Geographic area racesl White Black racesl White Black

Ratio Percent changez

All areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.3 307.4 646.3 1.0 1.1 0.3

Metropolitan areas ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.3 361.2 718.5 0.6

Nonmetropolitan arees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0.6 0.2

168,4 164.6 212.7 1.5 2.0 -0,8

1Includes races other than white and black.

‘See Technical notes.

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kanaas, Mmsourt, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.
8 Monthly Vital Statistics Report

of out-of-State residents obtained their abortions tier 12 weeks of 63 percent in Kansas (table 13). Some 35 percent of the

compared with 10 percent of State residents. abortions reported by Kansas were for Missouri residents,

Of all the abortions (including those for non-U. S. resi- whereas only 3 percent of Kansas residents who terminated

dents) in 1984 that were reported to NCHS, the proportion in their pregnancies in 1984 obtained their abortions in Missouri.

each of the 13 reporting States accounted for by residents of In Montana, 10 percent of abortions were obtained by nonthat State vaned from a high of 97 percent in Indiana to a low U.S. residents, most of whom were Canadians.
References

lNational Center for Health Statistics, D. Bumhanx Induced terminations of pregnancy: Reporting States, 1977 and 1978. Montlz/y

Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 30, No. 6 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS)

81-1120. Public Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., Sept. 28, 1981.

2National Cenwr for He~ti Statistics, D. Bumhanx Induced termination of pregnancy Repordng States, 1979. Monthly Vital Statish”cs

Repoti Vol. 31, No. 7 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 83-1120. Public

Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., Oct. 25, 1982.

3National Center for Health Statistics, D. Bumhanx Induced terminations of pregnancy Reporting States, 1980. Monthly Vital Statirfi”cs

Repoti Vol. 32, No. 8 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 84-1120. Public

Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., Dec. 20, 1983.

4National Center for Health Statistics, K. Prager Induced terminations of pregnancy Reporting States, 1981. Monthly Vital Statistics

Repo@. Vol. 34, No. 4 Supp. 2. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 85-1120.

Public Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., July 30, 1985.

5Nation~ Cenwr for He~th Statistics, E. Powell-GrineH Induced terminations of pregnancy Reporting States, 1982 and 1983. Monthly

VitalStatistics Report. Vol. 35, No. 2 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS)

86-1120. Public Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., June 1986.

6National Center for Hedt.h Statistics Model state vital Statistics

Act and Model State Vital Statistics Regulations, 1977 Revision.

DHEW Publication No. (PHS) 78-1115. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md., May 1978.

7Tletze, C.: Induced Abortion, 1979: A Population Council Fact Book.

New York. The Population Council, Inc., 1979.

‘Centers for Dk.ease Controh Abordon Sun~eillance—Annual Summa~ 1979-1980. Public Health Service. Atlanta, Ga., May 1983.

9National Center for Health Statistic Classification and coding instructions for induced termination of pregnancy records, 1984. Vital

Statistics Instruction Manual, Part 10. Public Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., Sept. 1983.

loNation~ Center for Health Statistic Vital records geographic classification, 1982. Vital Statistics Instruction Manual, Part 8. Public

Health Service. Hyattsville, Md., June 1985.

1lNational Center for Health Statistics: Vital Statistics of the United

States, Vol. I, Natality. Annual. Public Health Service. Washington.

U.S. Government Printing OffIce.

121nstitute of Medcine Legalized Abortion and the Public Health.

Washington. National Academy of Sciences, May 1975.
10 ~ MonthlyVital StatisticsRt?pOfl

Symbols

. . . Data not available

.,. Category not applicable

Quantity zero

0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than

0.05

z Quantity more than zero but less that

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

*

Figure does not meet standards of

reliability or precision (when the base

of the measure includes fewer than

20 events)
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 11

Table 1. Numbar and percent distribution of repotied induced terminations of pregnancy by age of woman, according to race of woman:

13-State eree, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman races White Total Black races stated

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14years . . . . . . . . ..c . . . . . .. d.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . .. d. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...<.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years....,.............,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. s......

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

306.792

758

2,295

74.437

5,268

9,922

14,739

21,619

22,889

105,360

64,278

34,714

16,797

4,673

3.480

100.0

0.2

0.8

24.5

1.7

3.3

4.9

7.1

7.5

34.7

21.2

11.4

5.5

1.5

203,408

289

1,139

52,399

3,148

6,700

10,394

15,647

16,510

71,482

40,954

22,107

11,109

3,173

756

100.0

0.1

0.6

25.9

1.6

3.3

5.1

7.7

8.1

35.3

20.2

10.9

5.5

1.6

92,969 87,033

457 450

1,108 1,096

20,039 19,308

1,974 1,945

2,958 2,884

3,962 3,832

5,404 5,168

5,741 5,479

30,902 29,241

21,710 20,135

11,752 10,647

5,263 4,619

1,401 1,216

337 321

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

0.5 0.5

1.2 1.3

21.6 22.3

2.1 2.2

3.2 3.3

4.3 4.4

5.8 6.0

6.2 6.3

33.4 33.7

23.4 23.2

12.7 12.3

5.7 5.3

1.5 1,4

5,936

7

12

731

29

74

130

236

262

1,661

1,575

1,105

644

185

16

100.0

0.1

0.2

12.3

0.5

1.2

2.2

4.0

4.4

28.1

26.6

18.7

10.9

3.1

10,415

12

48

1,999

146

264

383

568

638

2,976

1,614

855

425

99

2,387

100.0

0.1

0.6

24.9

1.8

3.3

4.8

7.1

7.9

37.1

20.1

10.7

5.3

1.2

NOTE The 13-State aree Includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carol!na, Tennessee, Utah. Vermont, and

Vlrginie.
Table 2. Numbar of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by race and marital status of woman and percent distribution by age,

according to marital status and rata of woman: 12-State area and New York City, 1984

[Data include only Induced terminations of pregnancy Occumng !n the repwttng area]

All other

Ail Other Not

Marital status and age of woman races White Total Black races stated

All women, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Aliases, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15yaars, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years....,....,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Married woman..,....,,....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years...............,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Unmarried women . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15–17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. $....

25–29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35–39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

252,223

100.0

1.0

9,7

14.0

34.3

21.9

11.9

5.6

1.5

53,891

100.0

0.1

0.9

4.1

27.1

30.0

21.6

12.3

3,9

191,703

100.0

1.3

12.2

16.9

36.4

19.5

9.1

3.8

0.8

6,629

100.0

0.7

9.2

12.7

33.6

23.6

12.7

6.1

1.4

160,274

100,0

0.7

9.8

15.2

34.9

20,9

11,3

5.6

1.5

35,768

100.0

0.0

1.1

4.8

28.6

29.0

20.6

12.1

3.8

121,865

100.0

0.9

12.4

18.3

36.6

18.5

8.6

3.6

0.8

2,641

100.0

0.6

9.1

13.2

33.9

22.5

12.5

6.7

1.5

Number

82,821 77,364

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

1.7 1.8

9.5 9.9

11.7 11.9

32.9 33.3

23.8 23.6

13.1 12.7

5.8 5.5

1.5 1,4

Number

16,632 13,869

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

0.1 0.1

0.6 0.6

2.5 2.5

23.5 24.3

32.4 32.8

23.8 23.4

13.0 12.3

4.1 4.0

Number

65,151 62,436

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

2.1 2.2

11,7 11.9

14.1 14.1

35.4 35.3

21.5 21.5

10.3 10.2

4.0 4.0

0.8 0.8

Number

1,038 959

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

1.1 1.2

9.8 10.1

9.4 9.8

30.6 30.6

27.9 28.6

13.6 12.6

6.0 5.6

1.7 1.5

5,457

100.0

0.3

3.9

8.3

28.1

26.7

18.9

10.7

3.1

2,663

100.0

0.1

0.5

2.4

19.1

30.3

25.9

16.7

5.1

2,715

100.0

0.6

7.3

14.1

36.8

23.5

11.8

4.8

1.1

79

100.0

6.3

5.1

30.4

19.0

26.3

10.1

3.8

9,128

100.0

0.6

9.9

14.8

37.6

20.3

10.6

5.0

1.1

1,491

100.0

1.3

6.7

31.8

27.8

18.7

10.9

2.9

4,687

100.0

0.8

12.9

17.3

39.6

17.9

7.7

3.3

0.6

2,950

100.0

0.8

8.6

15.5

37.0

21.3

12.3

3.9

0.6

NOTE: The 12-State area tncludes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carollna, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and Vlrglnia.
Monthly Vial Statistics Report ~ 13

Table 3. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by race and age of woman and parcent distribution by educational attainment,

according to age and race of woman 11-Stata area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman and years of school completed races White Total Black races stared

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears ofschool completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears ofachool completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-19 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyaars of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears ofschool completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-S years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See note at end of table.

281,826

100.0

2.5

18.1

46.4

21.8

11.2

2,892

100.0

65.3

34.7

27.540

100.0

4.5

76.6

18.2

0.8

40,620

100.0

1.1

18.2

58.7

21.8

0.3

96,050

100.0

1.3

12.1

47.9

28.5

10.3

185,707

100.0

2.3

17.5

44,9

22.6

12.7

1,318

100.0

63.3

36.7

18,521

100.0

3.8

76.9

18.5

0.7

29,316

100.0

1.2

16.6

58.5

23.4

0.3

64,955

100.0

1.3

11.3

45.5

29.7

12.2

Number

90,885 85,515

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

3.0 2.8

19.4 19.9

49.6 49.8

20.0 20.1

8.0 7.4

Number

1,544 1,527

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

67.1 66.9

32.9 33.1

Number

8,741 8,545

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

5.9 5.9

75.9 76.0

17.4 17.3

0.8 0.8

Number

10,868 10,450

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

0.8 0.7

22.3 22.5

59.1 59.4

17.4 17.1

0.3 0.3

Number

30,107 28,626

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

1.1 0.9

13.8 13.9

52.9 53.3

26.0 26.0

6.2 5.9

58370

100.0

6.1

11.2

46.1

18.7

17.6

17

100.0

5,234

100.0

2.5

20.0

46.4

20.2

10.8

30

100.0

80.0 50.0

20.0 50.0

196 278

100.0 100.0

4.2 5.9

71.4 77.8

22.4 16.3

2.1

438 416

100.0

2.6

18.1

53.5

25.4

0.5

1,481

100.0

4.6

11.0

45.8

25.5

13.2

100.0

1.8

19.8

57.2

20.7

0.5

986

100.0

1.8

15.1

46.9

27.4

8.8
14 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 3. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by race and age of woman and percent distribution by educational aflainment,

according to age and race of woman: 11 -Stete area, 1984-Con.

[Data include only !nduced terminations of pregnancy occurr,ng In the reporhng area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman and years of school completed races White Total Black races stated

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-8yeers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . ..<...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyears of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-llyaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16yaars or more, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyeara of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 yeare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. l.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 yaara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years ormora. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allyeers of school completed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

0-8years .8 . . . . . . . . . .. a...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-llyaars, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. c.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16years ormore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

59,240

100.0

1.6

9.6

49.0

22,6

17.2

32,096

100.0

2.4

7.4

47,8

22.0

20.4

15,593

100.0

3.1

7.1

48.7

19.2

21.9

4,413

100.0

3.7

8.0

53.5

15.7

19.2

3,382

100.0

1.9

18.1

46,7

17,9

15,4

37,442

100.0

1.7

8.9

46.8

22.4

20.1

20,251

100.0

2.5

6.5

44.6

22.7

23.7

10,230

100.0

2.9

6.3

45,7

20.3

24.8

2.978

100.0

3.5

7.5

50.5

17.0

21,5

696

100,0

1.7

16.1

47.2

16.9

18.2

Number

21,202 19,769

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

1.4 1.0

10.6 10!9

52.8 53.3

22.9 23.2

12.3 11.6

Number

11,519 10,506

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

2.2 1.6

8.9 9.1

53.3 53.9

20.9 21.3

14,8 14.1

Number

5,175 4,571

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

3.4 2.9

8.7 9.2

54.5 55.3

17,2 18.1

16.2 14.6

Number

1,382 1,208

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

4.0 3,3

9.2 9,6

59.4 60,9

12,9 12,9

14,5 13.3

Number

327 313

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

2.7 2.5

21.8 22.1

45.6 46.3

19.8 19.6

10.1 9.5

1,433

100.0

6.1

6.7

46.6

18.1

22.5

,013

00.0

8.0

6.9

46.9

16.0

22.2

604

596

100.0

1.3

10.0

49.5

19.4

19.7

326

100.0

2.1

7.5

54.8

17.8

17.8

188

100.0 100.0

7.6

4.9

47.8

10s3

29.4

174

100.0

8.7

6.2

49.4

13.1

22.5

14

100.0

7.7

15.4

30.8

23.1

23.1

3.5

4.7

44.2

20.9

26.7

53

100.0

9.1

72.7

9.1

9.1

2,359

100.0

22.6

48.4

19.4

9.7

NOTE The 11 -State area includes Ind!ana, Kanaas, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennsssae, Utsh, Vermont, and Vlrgmia.
Tabla 4. Numbar of rapofiad induced terminations of pregnancy by race and age of woman and percent distribution by number of previous

Iiva births, according to age and race of woman: 13-State area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman and number of previous live births races White Total Bleck races stated

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous liva births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7pravious live births or more..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 previous Iiva births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...!....

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous iivebirths or more... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

ToteI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 previous live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3 previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...!... . . . . . . . .

5previous iivebkths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births ormOre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See note at and of table.

306,792

100.0

54.6

21.7

15.2

5.5

1.9

0.7

0.3

0.2

3,053

100.0

97.3

2.1

0.4

0.1

0.1

29,929

100.0

91.7

7.5

0.7

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

44,508

100.0

81.0

15.4

3.1

0.4

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

203.408

100.0

62.0

18.2

13.2

4.5

1.4

0.4

0.2

0.1

1,428

100.0

97.9

1.5

0.4

0.1

20,242

100.0

94.3

5.3

0.4

0.1

32,157

100,0

86.5

11.1

2.1

0.2

0.0

0,0

0.0

Number

92,969 87,033

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

37.7 37.4

29.5 30.1

19.8 19.7

7.8 7.7

3.1 3.1

1.3 1.2

0.5 0.4

0.4 0.3

Number

1,565 1,546

Percant distribution

100.0 100.0

96.7 96.9

2.7 2.6

0.3 0.3

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

Number

8,894 8,661

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

85.7 85.5

12.6 12.9

1.4 1.4

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

Number

11,145 10,647

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

65.2 64.4

27.8 28.5

6.0 6.1

0.8 0.8

0.2 0.2

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

5,936

100.0

43.1

20.8

21.7

8.5

3.3

1.4

0.5

0.6

19

100.0

83.3

5.6

5.6

5.6

233

100.0

90.4

8.3

1.3

498

100.0

81.9

13.6

3.9

0.4

0.2

10,415

100.0

61.4

19.1

13.5

4.1

1.3

0.3

0.1

0.2

60

100.0

98.0

2.0

793

100.0

92.6

6.1

0.9

0.1

1,206

100.0

82.2

14.0

3.2

0.5

0.1
16 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 4. Number of reported inducqd terminations of pregnancy by race and age of woman and percent distribution by number of previous

live births, according to age and race of woman: 13-State area, 1984-Con.

[Data mcluds only !nducsd tsrm,nations of pregnancy occurrtng In the reporlmg arsa]

All other

All

Age of woman and number of previous live births

Other Not

races White Total Black races stated

20-24 years...........,....,., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births.,,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous liva births.,.....,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births.......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious llveblrth ..,......,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous lwe births,.....,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth..,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious lkfe birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births.......,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births .,.....,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previoua live births,.....,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live berths,....,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous lwe births . ...,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live berths . ...,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . ...,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . ...,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live berths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7prevlous lwebtrths or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See note at end of table,

105,360

100,0

59.2

25.1

11.9

2.9

0.7

0.1

0.0

0.0

64,278

100.0

38,4

27.4

23.1

7.7

2.4

0.7

0.2

0.1

34,714

100.0

25,5

24.3

29.3

13.1

4.8

1.8

0.7

0.4

16,797

100,0

16.6

20.3

32.7

17.1

7.5

3,3

1,3

1.2

71,482

100.0

68.0

20.1

9.3

2.1

0.4

0.1

0.0

0.0

40,954

100.0

47.0

24.3

20.3

6.3

1.6

0.4

0.1

0.1

22,107

100.0

31.9

23.2

28.2

11.3

3.6

1.2

0.5

0.2

11,109

100.0

20.0

21.0

33.0

15.9

6.3

2.2

0.9

0.7

Number

30,902 29,241

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

38.3 37.0

37.1 38.0

18.0 18.4

4.9 5.0

1.3 1,3

0.2 0.2

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

Number

21,710 20,135

Percent distribution

100.0 100,0

21.7 20.4

33.3 33.8

28.5 29.0

10,6 10.8

4.0 4.2

1.3 1.3

0.4 0.4

0.2 0.2

Number

11,752 10,647

Percent distribution

100.0 100,0

13.2 12.7

26.5 27.0

31.5 31.0

16.5 16.8

7.4 7.6

3.1 3.2

1.0 1.1

0,7 0.7

Number

5,263 4,619

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

9.1 8.9

19.0 19.6

31.7 30.7

19.9 20.1

10.2 10.3

5.8 6.1

2.2 2.2

2.1 2.2

1,661

100.0

61.8

21.3

12.1

3.6

0.8

0.4

0.1

1,575

100.0

38.9

27.4

22.6

8.0

2.1

0.5

0.4

1,105

100.0

17.7

21,7

36.8

14.1

5.5

2.6

0.7

0.9

644

100.0

11.1

14.8

38.9

18.4

9.4

3.8

1.7

1.9

2,976

100,0

66.5

20.8

10.0

2.1

0.6

0.0

0.0

1,614

100,0

46,3

25.3

19.9

6.0

2.1

0.3

0.1

0.1

855

100.0

34.6

22.3

28.7

11.0

1.6

0.8

0.5

0.5

425

100.0

18.6

20.7

35.8

14.9

7.2

1.3

1.6
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 17

Table 4. Numbar of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by race end age of woman and parcent distribution by number of previous

live births, according to age and race of woman 13-Stete area, 19S4-Con.

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman and number of previous live births races White Total Black races stated

40yaars and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lpravious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous liva births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4 pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previoue live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5 pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4,673

100.0

11.0

14.0

30.6

20.9

12.1

5.7

2.9

2.7

3,480

100.0

53.2

20.5

15.0

6.7

3.0

1.0

0.5

0.3

3,173

100.0

13.5

14.1

31.7

21.1

11.5

4.4

2.1

1.6

756

100.0

61.0

16.9

13.2

5.4

2.5

0.4

0.3

0.3

Number

1,401 1,216

Percent distribution

100.0

5.5

13.5

28.0

20.7

13.7

8.7

4.7

5.2

Number

337

100.0

5.1

13.8

28.5

20.6

13.6

8.7

4.8

5.0

321

Percent distribution

100.0

32.2

29.8

19.5

10.3

4.6

2.4

1.2

185

00.0

8.2

12.0

24.5

21.2

14.7

8.7

3.8

7.1

16

100.0 100.0

31.6 43.7

30.7 12.5

19.5 18.7

10.2 12.5

4.2 12.5

2.6

1.3

99

100.0

9.2

18.4

35.5

15.8

10.5

6.6

1.3

2.6

2,387

100.0

64.8

15.7

13.0

3.7

1.9

0.9

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indisna, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, Oregon, New York, Rhode Island, South Carollna, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.
Table 5. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by marital status and age of woman and percent distribution by number of

previous Iiva births, eccording to age and marital atatua of woman: 12-State area and New York City, 1984

[Data include only induced terminat,orm of pregnancy occurring ,n the repomng area]

All

Age of woman and number of previous live births

Not

women Married LJnmarriad stared

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nopravious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth....,....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births...,....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births..,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live birtha. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7pravious live births or more... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15yesrs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nopravioua liva birth..,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth.........,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Zprevious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previoua livabirtha or more.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious liva birth.,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth...,,...,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2pravioua live births . ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4pravious live birtha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous liva births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live birtha or more.... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious liva birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lpravious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2pravious live births...,,...,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3pravious live births...,,...,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4pravious live births...,....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . ., ...,,,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more,,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See note at end of table.

252,223

100.0

52.7

22.7

15.8

5.6

2.0

0.7

0.3

0.2

2,616

100.0

97.2

2.2

0.4

0.2

0.1

24,198

100.0

91.3

7.8

0.8

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

34,977

100.0

79.5

16.5

3.4

0.4

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

Number

53,891 191,703

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

19.8 62.0

29.9 20.7

31.9 11.2

11.8 3.9

4.1 1.4

1.5 0.5

0.5 0.2

0.4 0.1

Number

30 2,555

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

53.6 97.7

21.4 1.9

14.3 0.2

3.6 0.1

7.1

Number

506 23,302

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

48.0 92.3

44.6 7.0

6.6 0.6

0.8 0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Numbar

2,206 32,231

Parcent distribution

100.0 100.0

40.2 82.3

45.8 14.5

12.3 2.8

1.4 0.4

0.1 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

0.1 0.0

6,629

100.0

49.2

24.0

16.9

6.1

2.4

0.6

0.3

0.4

31

100.0

96.7

3.3

390

100.0

86.8

10.7

1.9

0.3

0.3

540

100.0

72.5

19.6

6.7

1.0

0.2
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~19

Table 5. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by marital status and age of woman and percent distribution by number of

previous live births, according to age and marital status of woman: 12-Stata area and New York City, 1984-Con.

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

All Not

Age of woman and number of previous live births women Married Unmarried stated

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Ipravious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live birtha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births.......,.,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4pravious live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TotsI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births.,,....,.,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more,,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total .,.,....,.,..............,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth.,,......,,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth.,,,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births..,......,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous liva births, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births, ,,, ...,,.,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births,.,...,,,,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,, ...,,., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..!..,., ,, ..,,,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No previous live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious live birth..,,,..,,,,,,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births.,.,,...,., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births, ,, . ...,,,.,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births, ,,, ..,,.,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6 pravious live birtha . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . !,.....,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7pravious live births ormora, ,.. . .,, ,,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

85,511

100.0

56.9

26.6

12.5

3.1

0.7

0.1

0.0

0.0

54,460

100.0

37.0

28.1

23.5

7.8

2.5

0.7

0.2

0.1

29,613

100.0

25.0

24.8

29.2

13.1

4,9

1.9

0.7

0.4

14,058

100.0

16,3

20.7

32.6

16.9

7.7

3.5

1.3

1.2

Number

14,562 69,520

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

27.0 63.2

39.4 23.9

26.3 9.6

6.0 2.4

1.0 0.6

0.2 0.1

0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0

Number

16,133 37,325

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

20,0 44.5

30.1 27.3

34.2 18.9

11.1 6.4

3.4 2.0

0.6 0.6

0.3 0.2

0.7 0.1

Number

11,580 17,493

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

13.3 32.7

23.3 25.7

37.5 23.8

16.5 10.8

5.7 4.3

2.3 1.7

0.8 0.6

0.5 0.3

Number

6,615 7,185

Percent distribution

100.0 100,0

9.2 22.6

18.9 22.4

37.3 28.4

19.4 14.5

8.7 6.7

3.9 3.1

1.4 1.2

1.2 1.1

1,429

100.0

52.1

28.1

14.6

3.8

0.8

0.2

0.1

0.2

1,002

100.0

35.8

28.1

23.7

8.6

3.0

0.4

0.2

0.2

540

100.0

25.6

26.8

27.2

11.8

5.1

2.0

1,0

0.6

258

100,0

23.2

18.3

27.7

17.9

6.7

2.7

0.9

2.7

Sea note at end of table.
Table 5. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by marital status and aga of woman and percent distribution by number of

previous live births, according to age and marital status of woman 12-Statearea and New York City, 1984-Con.

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring !n the reporhng area]

All Not

Age of woman and number of previous live biiths worn en Married Unmarried stated

40veara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevioua live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previoua live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previoua live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7previous live births or more..., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious live birth.........,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previoua live births..,.....,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous live births........,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4previous live births........,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

5previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6previous live births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7Drevious live births or more,... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3>764

100.0

10.6

14.7

30.3

20.3

12.1

6.1

2.9

2.9

3,026

100.0

47.8

22.8

16.8

6.7

3.9

1.2

0.6

0.1

Number

2,100 1,606

Percent distribution

100.s3

7.0

13.7

32.0

21.7

13.2

6.1

2.9

3.4

Number

159

100.0

15.3

15.9

28.3

18.5

10.5

6.2

3.1

2.3

486

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

32.3 50.0

27.8 23.2

23.4 14.6

8.2 7.1

6.3 3.1

1.9 1.3

0.4

0.2

58

100.0

9.3

18.5

25.9

18.5

18.5

3.7

1.9

3.7

2,381

100.0

56.0

16.9

16.9

4.2

3.6

0.6

1.8

NOTE The 12-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kanaas, Missouri, Montana, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Varmont, and Virginia,
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 21

Table 6. Numbar of reportad induced termination of pregnancy by race and age of woman and percent distribution by number of previous

induced terminations, according to age and race of woman: 13-State area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the repofling area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman and number of previous induced terminations races White Total Black races stated

All ages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced tarminetion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious induced termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminationa ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 15yaars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious induced termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminationsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious induced termination.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminationsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevioua induced termination.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminations ormore. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

TotsI, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious induced termination.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminationsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See note at end of table.

306,792

100.0

58.6

26.1

9.7

5.4

3,053

100.0

93.6

5.4

0.6

0.3

29,929

100.0

86.0

12.2

1.5

0.2

44,508

100.0

75.1

19.9

4.7

1.0

105,360

100.0

57.1

28.8

9.9

4.2

Number

203,408 92,969 87,033

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

62.8 49.8 49.2

24.7 29.2 29.5

8.2 13.1 13.3

4.3 7.9 8.0

Number

1,428 1,565 1,546

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

95.1 92.3 92.6

4.2 6.5 6.4

0.4 0.8 0.8

0.4 0.3 0.3

Number

20,242 8,894 8,661

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

88.4 80.7 80.4

10.4 16.5 16.6

1.1 2.5 2.5

0.1 0.4 0.4

Number

32,157 11,145 10,647

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

78.0 66.3 65.8

18.1 25.3 25.7

3.3 6.5 6.6

0.7 1.9 1.9

Number

71,482 30.902 29,241

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

60.9 48.0 47.1

27.4 31.9 32.4

8.4 13.5 13.8

3.3 6.6 6.8

5,936

100.0

58.9

24.3

10.4

6.5

19

100.0

73.7

15.8

5.3

5.3

233

100.0

89.1

9.2

1.3

0.4

498

100.0

78.4

16.7

3.7

1.2

1,661

100.0

63.4

22.9

9.4

4.3

10,415

100.0

63.5

25.3

8.1

3.1

60

100.0

9.0

8.0

2.0

793

100.0

86.6

12.7

0.5

0.1

1,206

100.0

78.4

17.5

3.4

0.7

2,976

100.0

61.5

28.9

7.4

2.2
Table 6. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by race and age of woman and percent distribution by number of previous

induced terminations, according to age and race of woman: 13-State area, 1984—Con.

[Data Include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

All other

All Other Not

Age of woman and number of previous induced terminations races White Total Black races stated

25–29 years..,,....,.....,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

lprevious induced termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminationa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previoua induced terminstionsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 vears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total. .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious induced termination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminationa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous inducsd terminations or more, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 vears, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious induced termination, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previous induced terminationa, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminationsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over. . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevioua induced termination,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevious induced termination ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2prevloua induced terminations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced tarminationsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notatated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Noprevious induced termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Iprevioua induced termination, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2previoua inducad terminations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3previous induced terminationsor more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

64,278

100.0

45.4

31.1

14.5

9.0

34,714

100.0

45.9

29.9

14.1

10.1

16,797

Number

40,954 21,710 20,135

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

49.1 38.2 37.0

30.5 32.2 32.6

12.9 17.6 18.1

7.5 12.0 12.4

Number

22,107 11,752 10,647

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

50.1 37.7 36.3

29.0 31.7 32.2

12.3 17.4 17.8

8.6 13.2 13.7

Number

11,109 5,263 4,619

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

50.8 56.2 39.1 37.8

27.0 25.2 30.7 31.2

12.8 10.7 17,3 17.7

9.4 7.8 12.9 13.3

Number

4,673 3,173 1,401 11,216

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

56.3 62.8 40.5 39.4

25.2 22.4 32.2 33.3

9.9 7.6 15.5 15.7

8.6 7.3 11.7 11.6

Number

3,480 756 337 321

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

58,2 62.9 41.2 40,4

25.8 25.0 31.9 32.2

9.1 6.9 15.5 15.6

6.9 5.2 11.5 11.7

1,575

100.0

54.1

27.3

11.1

7,5

1,105

1Ocl.o

51.3

26.9

1~.o

8.8

644

1Oc).o

48.7

27.3

14.1

10.0

185

100.0

47.8

25.0

14,4

1;2.8

16

I 0(0.()

56.2

25.0

12.5

6.2

1,614

100.0

49.6

30.8

13.8

5.8

855

100.0

52.2

29,2

12,6

6.0

425

100.0

55.4

25,5

13,0

6.1

99

100,0

76.0

16.0

4.0

4.0

2,387

100.0

79.2

12,3

3.8

4.7

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorsdo, Indiana, Ksnsas, Missouri, Montana, Naw York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennassee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.
Monthly Vital Statistics Report~ 23

Tabla 7. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by race of woman snd percent distribution by period of gestation, according

to race of woman: 13-State area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

9 All other

All Other

Period of gestation!

Not

races White Total Black races stated

Number

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306,792 203,408 92,969 87,033 5.936 10,415

Allperiods ofgeatation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks orless. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9 weeks.........,...........,,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17waeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

11.0

16.5

19.3

15.8

12.6

9.0

5.3

2.8

1.7

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.5

1.1

100.0

11.1

17.3

20.2

16.2

12.5

8.8

4.9

2.5

1.5

1.0

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.9

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

10.8 10.6

15.0 14.6

17.4 17.2

15.2 15.2

12.6 12.6

9.5 9.7

5.9 6.0

3.4 3.5

2.1 2.1

1.5 1.6

1.3 1.4

1.1 1.2

1.0 1.1

0.8 0.9

0.8 0.8

1.5 1.6

00.0

14.1

19.8

20.1

14.8

11.8

7.5

4.0

2.0

1.4

0.8

0.7

0.5

0.6

0.4

0.5

0.9

00.0

9.7

12.7

19.7

14.8

13.5

9.5

6.5

3.5

2.3

2.1

1.2

1.4

1.2

0.5

0.5

1.0

1Period of gestation is calculated from “date last normal menses began” or “’physician’s estimate of gestation”; sea Technical notes.

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indians, Kansaa, Missouri, Montsna, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.
e-” -----
Monthly Vital Statistics Reporl ~ 25

Table 9. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by educational attainment, race, and age of woman and percent distribution

by period of gestation, according to race, age, and educational attainment of woman: 11-State area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

Years of school completed

O-8 9-11 72 13-15 16 years Not

Period of gestetion, 1 age, and rata of woman Total years yaars years years or more stated

All raceaz

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeka or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-17 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks orless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 waeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks...............,.. . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less............,.. . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and note at end of table.

281,826

100.0

11.4

35.9

42.4

5.6

3.6

1.1

30,432

100.0

5.7

26.4

45.8

8.9

6.7

2.5

136,670

100.0

9.3

34.4

45.1

6.1

3.8

1,2

111,342

100.0

15.4

40.4

37.1

4.1

2.3

0.8

6,549

100.0

10.6

30.1

43.5

7.9

6.1

1.9

2,802

100.0

5.8

23.8

47.7

9.8

9.3

3.5

1,536

100.0

9.3

30.0

44.7

9.2

5.7

1.0

2,193

100.0

17.2

38.3

37.3

4.5

2.3

0.3

47.109

100.0

7.5

28.3

48.2

8.5

5.7

1.8

20,401

100.0

5.3

25.9

50.4

9.0

6.8

2.5

17,699

100.0

7.8

27.9

48.5

8.9

5.5

1.3

8,840

100.0

12.4

34.5

42.4

6.2

3.7

1.0

Number

120,736 56,570

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

10.7 12.3

35.2 39.9

43.5 40.8

5.7 4.1

3.7 2.2

1.2 0.8

Number

4,628 194

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

6.2 7.2

29.6 36.1

49.3 46.4

7.3 5.2

5.3 2.6

2.3 2.6

Number

65,088 33,736

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

8.7 10.0

32.9 38.3

46.3 43.8

6.4 4.5

4.4 2.5

1.3 0.9

Number

50,584 22,473

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

13.8 15.7

38.8 42.4

39.3 36.2

4.5 3.4

2.8 1.7

0.8 0.6

29,019

100.0

17.6

45.9

32.1

2.5

1.3

0.6

100.0

9,313

100.0

14.0

44.9

36.3

2.7

1.4

0.7

19,563

100.0

19.2

46.3

30.1

2.4

1,3

0.6

21,843

100.0

13.7

33.5

41.2

6.5

3.9

1.1

2,407

100.0

8.3

26.3

48.4

9.5

5.8

1.7

9,298

100.0

10.2

33.6

44.1

7.1

3.8

1.3

7,689

100.0

17.4

37.2

37.0

4.7

2.7

1.1
26 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 9. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by educational attainment, race, and age of woman and percent distribution

by period of gestation, according to rece, age, and educational attainment of woman: 11-State area, 1984-Con.

[Data include only Induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

Years of school completed

O-8 9-71 12 13-15 16 years Not

Period ofgestation,l age, andrace of woman Total years years years years or mora stated

All racas2—Con,

Not stated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or leas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks..................,.. . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Zlweeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

White

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiode ofgastation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-T5 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-17 years.......,,.....,.. . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeka or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks, ,, . .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 waeka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperioda of gestation.....,.. . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-6 weeks....,......,......,.. . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks..,,............,.. . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

See footnotes and note at and of table.

3,382

100.0

19.3

30.1

37.3

7.0

5.8

0.6

185,707

100.0

11.6

37,7

42.1

4.9

2.8

1.0

19,839

100.0

5.7

28.1

51.5

7.9

4.9

1.9

94,271

100.0

9.4

36.3

44.9

5.3

3.0

1.0

18

100.0

44,4

16.7

33.3

5.6

3,955

100.0

10.6

32.1

44.1

7.6

4.3

1.2

1,375

100.0

5.7

24.7

51.4

9.2

6.7

2.3

1,122

100.0

8.6

31.5

45.1

9.4

4.5

1.0

169

100.0

7.7

28.0

41.1

70.7

7.7

4,8

30,045

100.0

7.4

29.4

49.5

7.7

4.4

1.5

13,510

100.0

5.1

27.5

51.9

8.1

5.2

2.1

11,307

100.0

7.7

29.2

49.8

8.1

4.2

1.1

Numbar

436 167

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

14.1 16.2

34.2 37.7

41.2 34.7

5.4 6.6

4.7 2.4

0.5 2.4

Number

77,165 38,947

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

11.0 12.1

37.1 41.3

43.2 40.4

4.9 3.6

2.9 1.9

0.9 0.7

Number

3,151 127

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

6.5 7.9

31.5 38.6

51.0 47.2

6.4 3.9

3.5 1.6

1.1 0.8

Number

43,385 24,275

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

8.7 9.7

35.0 39.9

46.3 43.5

5.6 4.0

3.4 2.1

1.0 0.8

143

100.0

23.1

40,6

31,5

2.8

0,7

1.4

21,902

100.0

17.9

46.6

31.3

2.3

1.3

0.6

7,437

100.0

14.3

45.6

35.7

2.4

1.3

0.7

2,449

100.0

20.8

28.4

36.9

7.3

6.3

0.2

13,693

100.0

13.0

35.8

41.0

5.8

3,2

1.2

1,675

100.0

9.0

28.2

49.2

8.5

4.2

0.9

6,745

100.0

10.5

34.8

43.4

6.5

3.4

1.4
Table 9. Number of repottad induced termination of pregnancy by educational attainment, race. and age of woman and percent distribution

by period of gestation, according to race, age, and educational attainment of woman: 11-State arga, 1984-Con.

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring h tha reporting area]

Years of school completed

O-8 9-17 72 73–15 16 years Not

Period of gestation, 1 age, and race of woman Total years years years years or more stated

White—Con.

25yeara and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allpariods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 waeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notststed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Black

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6waeks or lass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Zlweeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10-17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks.......,.,......,.. . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks ormora. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sse footnotes and note at end of tabla.

70,907

100.0

16.1

42.1

35.7

3.5

1.9

0.7

696

100.0

14.8

35.9

39.0

5.8

3.2

1.3

85,515

100.0

10.7

31.9

43.5

7.1

5.2

1.6

10,072

100.0

5.7

23.2

46,5

10.6

10.1

3.8

1,448

100.0

16.7

39.B

36.2

4.9

1.9

0.3

10

100,0

40.0

10,0

50.0

2,244

100.0

9.9

26.1

42.5

8.8

9.6

3.2

1,393

100.0

6.0

23.2

43.9

10.5

11.7

4.7

Number

5,131 30,344 14,443

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

13.0 14.6 16.1

35.0 40.7 43.8

42.7 38.0 35.0

5.5 3.8 3.0

3.0 2.2 1.5

0.7 0.7 0.5

Number

97 285 102

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

5.2 15.2 15.7

26.8 36.1 38.2

46.4 39.7 35.3

13.4 4.3 4.9

5.2 4.3 2,9

3.1 0.4 2.9

Number

16,1B9 40,513

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

7.7 10.1

26.0 31.5

45,9 44.3

9.B 7.2

B.1 5.4

2.4 1.6

Numbar

6,627 1,409

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

5.6 5.6

22.9 25.1

47.4 45.2

10.8 9.6

10.0 9.5

3.4 4.9

16,359

1

1

00.0

12.7

36.5

41.9

5.1

2.8

1.0

63

00.0

4.8

30.2

46.0

7.9

4.8

6.3

14,355

100.0

19.7

47.1

29.1

2.2

1.3

0.6

110

100.0

21.8

42.7

30.0

2.7

0.9

1.8

6,043

100.0

16.3

42.9

35.4

3.6

1.5

0.4

5,180

100.0

17.5

39.7

35.1

4.0

2,5

1.2

92

100.0

12.0

37.0

42.4

7.6

1.1

4,167

100.0

12.9

27.8

44.4

B.6

4.9

1.4

580

100.0

7.6

21.8

45.9

11.4

9.4

3.8
Table 9. Number of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by educational attainment, race, and age of woman and percent distribution

by period of gestation, according to race, age, and educational attainment of woman: 1l-State area, 1984-Con.

[Data Include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring In the reporting area]

Years of school completed

O-8 9-71 72 13-15 76 years Not

Period of gestation, 1 age, and race of woman Total years years years years or more stated

Black—Con,

18-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation ...,... . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or lass.....,......,.. . . . . . . . .

7-8waeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Allperiods of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeks or less . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7-8 weeks................,.. . . . . . . . . . . .

9-12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13-15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16-20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

39,076

100.0

9.1

29.7

45.8

8.0

5.8

1,6

36,054

100.0

13.8

36.7

40.2

5.3

3.1

0.9

313

100.0

14.2

31.6

39.4

6.1

6.5

2.3

324

100.0

10.8

24.8

43.0

9.9

9.9

1.5

520

100.0

19.2

34.6

38.7

3.8

3.5

0.2

7

100.0

42.9

28.6

14.3

14.3

Number

6,032 20,439 8,794

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0 100.0

7.9 8.4

25.6 28.3

46.5 46.6

10.3 8.3

7.9 6.5

1.9 1.9

Number

3,467 18,533

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

11.4 12.3

32.9 35.5

42.5 41.7

7.2 5.7

4.7 3.8

1.4 1.0

Number

63 132

Percent distribution

00.0 100.0

12.9 10.7

30.6 29.8

30.6 46.6

6.5 6.9

12.9 5.3

6.5 0.8

10.6

34.1

44.7

6.0

3.4

1.2

,446

00.0

15.1

39.5

38.7

4.1

2.0

0.6

56

00.0

16.1

37.5

33.9

8.9

1.8

1.8

1,637

100.0

12.6

41.9

38.9

4.2

2.1

0.4

4,379

100.0

17.6

43.3

34.1

3.4

1.2

0,4

27

100.0

29.6

33.3

33.3

3.7

1,850

100.0

9.7

28.7

45.8

9.3

5.3

1.2

,709

00.0

18.2

28.9

42.3

6.9

2.9

0.8

28

00.0

7.4

29.6

48.1

11.1

3.7

I Period of gestation IS calculated from “date last normal menses began” or “physician’s estimate of gestation”: see Technical notes.

‘Includes races other than white and black.

NOTE The 11 -State area includes Indiana, Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia.
Monthly Vital Statistics Report~ 29

Table 10. Numbar of reported induced terminations of pregnancy by type of procedure and percent distribution by type of procedure, according

to period of gestation 13-State area, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the ;eport!ng area]

All Suction Sharp Saline Prostaglandin

Period of gestation procedures curettage curettage instillation instillation Ifysterotomy Hysterectomy Other

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

All periods of gestation. . . . . . . . .

6weeks orless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Seeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notstated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2306,792

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

289,471

95.1

97.9

98.1

98.7

99.0

98.8

98.4

96.4

90.9

83.5

73.3

62.6

52.5

43.8

40.7

37.3

35.4

88.1

1,331

0.4

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.9

1.1

1.1

1.4

1.4

1.3

1.6

1.0

1.0

2.0

Number

5,158 1,902

Percent distribution

1.7 0.6

0.2 0.0

0.1 0.0

0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1

0.2 0.2

0.3 0.3

0.8 0.5

2.2 1.0

3.7 2.3

7.7 4.0

13.8 7.4

18.9 10.0

26.6 11.3

31.2 9.8

35.4 7.2

41.4 4.6

2.3 4.3

41

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.2

43

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.4

6,320

2.1

1.3

1.5

0.8

0.4

0.4

0.7

1.8

4.9

9.3

13.8

14.7

17.0

16.7

16.5

19.0

17.6

2.9

1Parmd of gestation is calculated from “date last normal menses began” or “’phy.mcian’a estimate of gestation”; aee Techmcal notes.

‘Includes procedure not stated.

NOTE The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana. Kanaas, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennasaee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.
30 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Reporl

Table 11. Number and percent distribution of reported induced tarminationa of pregnancy by age of woman, according to metropolitmtnonmetropolitan residence and race of woman: 13- State erea, 1984

[Data Include only Induced terminatlona of pregnancy occurring In the reporting area]

All areas Metropolitan areas Nonmetropolitan areas

All All All

Age of woman racesl White Black racesl White Black racesl White Black

All agas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,.,,,..,

Unde14 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16yeers .,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 yeara .,..........,.....,.. . . . . . . . .

20-24 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Not stated,.....,,...,.....,,. . . . . . . . .

All agea. , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Under 14 yeara, , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15-19 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25–29 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35-39 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

40 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

306,792

758

2,295

74,437

5,268

9,922

14,739

21,619

22,889

105,380

64,278

34,714

16,797

4,673

3,480

100,0

0.2

0,8

24,5

1.7

3,3

4.9

7,1

7.5

34.7

21.2

11.4

5.5

1.5

203,408

289

1,139

52,399

3,148

6,700

10,394

15,647

16,510

71,482

40,954

22,107

11,109

3,173

756

100.0

0.1

0.6

25.9

1.6

3.3

5.1

7.7

8.1

35.3

20.2

10.9

5.5

1.6

87,033

450

1,096

19,308

1,945

2,884

3,832

5,168

5,479

29,241

20,135

10,647

4,619

1,216

321

00,0

0.5

1,3

22.3

2.2

3.3

4,4

6.0

6,3

33.7

23.2

12.3

5.3

1.4 —

Number

266,508 169,741

636 223

1,904 854

62,519 42,117

4,369 2,420

8,249 5,296

12,324 8,293

18,220 12,658

19,357 13,450

91,477 59,842

56,993 35,071

30,762 18,881

14,771 9,415

4,083 2,667

3,363 671

81,914

395

1,002

18,038

1,801

2,671

3,588

4,858

5,120

27,479

19,042

10,104

4,378

1,161

315

Percent distribution

00.0 100.0

0.2 0.1

0.7 0.5

23.8 24.9

1.7 1,4

3.1 3.1

4.7 4.9

6.9 7.5

7.4 8.0

34.8 35.4

21.7 20.7

11.7 11.2

5.6 5.6

1.6 1.6

100.0

0.5

1.2

22.1

2.2

3.3

4.4

6.0

6.3

33.7

23.3

12.4

5.4

1.4

40,284

122

391

11,918

899

1,673

2,415

3,399

3,532

13,883

7,285

3,952

2,026

590

117

100.0

0.3

1.0

29.7

2.2

4.2

6.0

8.5

8<8

34.6

18.1

9.8

5.0

1.5

33,667

66

265

10,282

728

1,404

2,101

2,989

3,060

11,640

5,883

3,226

1,694

506

85

100.0

0.2

0.8

30.6

2.2

4.2

6,3

8,9

9.1

34.7

17.5

9.6

5.0

1.5

5,119

55

94

1,270

144

213

244

310

359

1,762

1,093

543

241

55

6

100.0

1.1

1.8

24.8

2.8

4.2

4.8

6.1

7.0

34.5

21.4

10.6

4.7

1.1

1Includes races other than white and black,

NOTE: The 13-State area includaa Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, M!saour!, Montana, New York, Oragon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennaaaae, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia,
Table 12. Number of reported induced terminations ofpregnancy byresidence status ofwoman andpercent distribution byperiod of gestation,

according toresidence status ofwomars 13-Stete area, 1984

[Data include only induced termination of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

Induced Induced terminations occurring

All terminations in State of residence Induced Induced

induced occurring terminations terminations

terminations in area Occurring Among among among nonoccurring among U.S. in county intrastate interstate

Period of gestationl

residents of

in area residents Total of residence nonresidents nonresidents United States

Number

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308,510 306,792 283,883 199,424 84,459 22,909 1,718

All pariods of gestation. . . . . . . . . . . . .

6weeksor lesa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Seeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

10 weaka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

11 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

12weaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13weaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14 weeka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15 weeka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

16 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

17 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

18 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19waeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20 weeks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21weeks or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100.0

11.0

16.4

19.3

15.8

12.6

9.0

5.3

2.8

1.7

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.5

1.1

00.0

11.0

16.5

19.3

15.8

12.6

9.0

5.3

2.8

1.7

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.5

1.1

100.0

11,1

16.6

19.5

15.9

12.6

9.0

5.3

2,8

1.7

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.4

0,9

Percent distribution

100.0 100.0

12.3 8.4

17.3 15.0

19.4 19.6

15.5 16.7

12.2 13.6

8.5 10.1

5.0 5.8

2.7 3.7

1.6 1.8

1.2 1.2

0.9 1.1

0.8 0.8

0.7 0.8

0.5 0.6

0.4 0.5

0.9 0.9

100.0

9.1

14.4

17.4

15.2

12.5

9.5

5.4

3.1

2.0

1.5

1.4

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.3

3.9

100.0

7.3

13.9

15.1

12.8

11.5

9.8

7.6

5.2

3.6

2.1

1.7

0.9

1.1

1.7

1.2

4.5

lPeriod of gestation iscslculated from `'date last normal menses began` 'or'' physician' sestimate ofgeatatlon''; aee Technical notes.

NOTE The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kanaaa, Missouri, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode island, South Cerollne, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Vlrgmia.
-. ..-. ,,. .–.. –-, . . . .. . ... . . .. . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . . . .. . . .

iama IS. NumDer OTreponea maucea Ierminamons arpregnancylnme 15 repommg a~ares ana Ivaw YorKGlty OyplaceotreaKtence accoramg toplaca otocaurrence:

United States, aach State, Naw York Ci~, andspacified pIaceaoutaide the United Stetea, 1984

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

Place of occurrence

New York

Upstate New

New York Rhode South

Place of residence Total Colorado Indiana Kansas Missouri Montana Total York City Oregon Island Carolina Tennessee Utah Vermont Virginia

All places of

residence. . . . . . .

United States. . . . .

Alabama . . . . . . .

Alaska . . . . . . . . .

Arizona . . . . . . . .

Arkansss . . . . . .

California . . . . . .

Colorado. . . . . . .

Connecticut. . . .

Delaware . . . . . .

District of

Columbia

Florida . . . . . . . .

Georgia . . . . . . .

Hawaii . . . . . . . .

Idaho . . . . . . . . .

Illinois . . . . . . . .

Indiana . . . . . . . .

Iowa . . . . . . . . . .

Kansas . . . . . . . .

Kentucky . . . . . .

Louisiana . . . . . .

Mine . . . . . . . . .

Maryland . . . . . .

Massachusetts. . . . . .

Michigan . .

Minnesota . . . . .

Mississippi. . . . .

Missouri. . . . . . .

Montana. . . . . . .

Nebraska . . . . . .

Nevada . . . . . . . .

New

Hampshire . . . .

New Jersay .

New Mexico. . . .

New York . . . . . .

Upstate New

York . . . . . . . .

N~\AJy~~~

city . . . . . . . . .

308,510

306,792

125

28

26

1,048

165

16,659

784

20

235

94

505

6

94

2,177

14,875

44

5,350

790

12

29

539

1,875

109

24

1,372

19,944

2,909

190

19

216

2,227

210

146,192

55,085

91,107

17,549

17,545

15,343 7,303

7,301

1

20,204

20,203

3,618 152,146

150,834

3

1

4

1

23

1

699

19

55,685

54,569

1

1

3

6

1

307

1

5

16

3

5

3

1

1

15

29

7

1

1

3

316

1

52,326

50,861

1,465

96,461

96,265

2

1

1

17

392

18

32

25

21

5

1

1

8

3

18

126

106

5

11

6

8

1,882

93,067

3,480

89,587

13,133 7,422

7,421

11,704

11,696

1

6

19

95

1

4

3

2

1

1

2

2

3

4

2

3

3

5

6

2

4

21,124

21,121

115

2

909

6

7

393

1

11

6

669

3

1

2

3

1,368

94

1

5

3

2

4,024

4,022

2

3

4

29

1

1

1

17

2

1

1

3,420

3,411

1

1

2

3

1

1

1

41

199

6

716

716

31,520

31,520

4

1

1

1

6

2

1

197

12

9

3

1

7

1

2

388

3

2

4

12

47

6

41

15,342

1

3,246 13,130

25

2

98

9

2

10

16,642

1 1

126

3

4

2

3

80

9

3

1

2

2

1

3

37

41

3

1

4

2

2 2

1

2 1 1

2

2

2

1 1

43

1

2

1

2

47

1

1

20

303 1

14,831

11 1,816

24

21

685

97

1

26

1

20

4,615

3

8

1

1

8

4

19

141

4

1

1

3

1 1 1

2

3

3

135

12

12

1

6

1,690

1

1

85

1

1

1

2,894

2

7 2,526

12

122

2

17,306

2

1 34 33

11

2,198

1

145.393

1 5

2 2

207

3

1

1

5

1

2 1 2 10

2 2 2 54,341 1 9

1 3 1 91,052 1 1

See note at end of table.
-,, .-.,,.. . . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . . . .. .. .- ..., . . . .. . . .

I anm 1.5. mumDer OTreponao moucea nwmmauons of pregnancy m me 13 repormng sIams anrr N6W Torx Glzy Dy piece 01 realaence accoramg 10 piece ot occurrence

United Stetes, eech Stete, New York City, and specified places outside the United States, 1984—Con.

[Data include only induced terminations of pregnancy occurring in the reporting area]

Place of occurrence

New York

Upstate New

New York Rhode South

Place of residence Total Colorado Indiana Kansas Missouri Montana Total York City Oregon Island Carolina Tennessee Utah Vermont Virginia

North

Carolina . . . . . .

North Dakota . . .

Ohio . . . . . . . . . .

Oklahoma. . . . . .

Oregon . . . . . . . .

Pennsylvania , . .

Rhoda Island . . .

South

Carolina . . . . . .

South Dakota. . .

Tennessee . . . . .

Texas . . . . . . . . .

Utah ..,....,..

Vermont . . . . . . .

Virginia . . . . . . . .

Washington. . . .

West Virginia. . .

Wisconsin . . . . .

Wyoming . . . . . .

Outside of United

Statea

Puerto Rico . . . .

Virgin Islands. . .

Canada . . . . . . . .

Mexico . . . . . . . .

Remainder of

World . . . . . . . .

1,240

39

157

92

12,191

1,786

5,662

11,142

18

17,341

57

3,889

2,466

30,019

780

225

9

787

11

2

1,593

4

108

1

1

2

1

1

9

1

4

90

5

347

2

2

1

102

1

1

2

1

62

1

4

2

1

1

1

2

25

4

3

16

8

1

1

3

3

2

1

1

37

2

2

2

5

272

370

2

33 11

29 12

2 2

1,748 1,451

45 5

6 3

1 1

8 2

15 6

1

27 14

93 6

5 2

9-

2-

1 1

11 1

2 1

1,205 1,105

3 2

91 7

22 -

17 -

- 12,187

297 -

40 -

3 1

6-

9 2

1 1

13 -

87 1

3 760

9-

2 1

1

364

1

1 7

1 7

5,612 1

- 11,127

1 7

4

1

1

2 13

1

10 - -

l--

100 2 1 1

1 ---

84 1- 7

44

6

1

17,298

5

159

10

1

1

1

2

1

1

3,795

1

1

163

2

2,437

798

9

22

2

8

1

10

14

29,746

1

205

1 8

1 1

NOTE The 13-State area Includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansaa, Mlssoun, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Caroline, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia.
34 ~ MonthlyVitalStatisticsReport

Technical notes

Nature and sources of data

Data in this report are based on information for the same

13 States in 1984 as in 1982 and 1983: Colorado, Indiana,

Kansas, Missouri, Montana, New York Olrego~ Rhode Island,

South Carolina, Temessee, Utah, Vermont, and Virginia.

The reporting States provided data on magnetic tape for

individual eventa coded from copies of the original reports of

induced termination of pregnancy. These data were provided to

the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) through the

Vital Statistics Cooperative Program, NCHS collects information on individual abortions occurring in selected States with

mandatory abortion reporting requirements. The State abortion

reporting forms include information on the demographic characteristics and pregnancy history of the woman and the nature

of the procedure. The NCHS data system, based on reports of

individual abortions, enables detailed cross-classification.

Two other organizations currently publish information on

induced abortions-the Centers for Disease Control (CDC),

which like NCHS is a component of the U.S. Public Health

Service, and the Alan Guttmacher linstitute (AGI), a private

organization. CDC relies primarily on aggregate abortion data

reportad by State health agencies, hospitals, and medical institution~ AGI obtains its information from a nationwide survey

of abortion providers.

Item completeness

Item completeness, which is measured by the percent of

records with codes other than “not stated,” is shown in table I

for the varying number of States included in the analysis of

each item. States were excluded from analysis either if i,tiormation was not collected on the item or if no information for

the item was reported for 25 percent or more of the records.

Table I shows that resident status was 100 percent complete

for 1984. Residence information, if unknown or incomplete, is

allocated at the coding level according to the following rules.

First, records with unknown residence are allocated to place of

occurrence. Second, records where only State of residence is

reported, with no city or county specified, and the State named

is different from the State of occurrence, are allocated to the

largest city of the State of residence.

Classification of data

Procedures used for coding and classifying the items on

the Report of Induced Termination of Pregnancy are described

in the NCH S Vital Statistics Instruction Manual, Part 10,

“Classification and coding instructions for induced termination

of pregnancy records, 1984, “g Codes for geographic areas are

described in Part 8, “Vital records geographic classification,

1982.”1° Additional information on classifying selected items

can be found in the Technical Appendix of Vital Statistics of

the United States, Vol. I‘ 1Definitions of types of procedures

used are given in Legalized Abortion and the Public Health, 12

Data on period of gestation are computed from information on

“date of termination” and “date last normal menses began.” If

“date of last normal menses” is not stated or if computed gestation in weeks is not possible, “physician’s estimate of gestation”

is used.

Ratios, percents, and medians

Measures of incidence in this report are based oIn ratios of

induced terminations of pregnancy to live births. These ratios

refer to the number of induced terminations and live births occurring in the reporting States to residents of the reportiiig States,

In the computation of ratios, “not stated” cases have been distributed according to the reported or known proportion for a

particular characteristic. Ratios of induced terminations of pregNOTE: A list of references follows the text.

Table 1. Percent completeness for items on reporting form and number of reporting States: 1983 and 1984

7984 1983

Percent Number of Percent Number of

Item completeness reporting States completeness repot?ing States

Age of woman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Complications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Marital statusl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Period of gestation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Previous inducad terminations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Previous live births . . ...,...,, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Race of woman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Resident statusz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Type of procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

98.9

96.8

92.2

97.4

99.8

97.2

97.5

96.6

100.0

99.2

13

13

11

12

13

13

13

13

13

13

98,9

96.9

89.1

97.8

99.7

97.5

97.8

96.8

100.0

99.5

13

13

11

12

13

13

13

13

13

13

1New York City also reported marital status.

2Res(dent status unknown IS allocated at the cod!ng level; see Techn!cal notes.

NOTE: The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, MIssoun, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Virginia.
Table 11. Type I and Type 11induced termination of pregnancy ratios by race and age Of woman: 13-Statearea 1984

~ype I ratio IS per 1,000 live births. Type II ratto is per 1,000 live births and induced terminations. Induced terminations of pregnancy and live births are only

those occurring in the area among residents of the area]

Type I Type II

All All

A.oe of woman racasl White Black racesl Whita Black

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364.3 307.4 646.3 267.0 235.1 392.6

Under 14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,946.9 2,088.7 1,884,2 660.5 675.6 653.0

14 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,501.3 1,845.9 1,290.8 600.2 648.5 563.3

15-19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728.8 756.8 678.1 421.6 430.8 404.1

15 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,077.2 1,239.3 914.9 518.6 553.4 477.7

16 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 890.5 984.1 747.9 471.0 496.0 427.9

17 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 759.5 811.1 664.1 431.7 447.8 399.0

18 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760.0 804.1 667.9 431.8 445.7 400.4

19 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 599.0 598.8 611.4 374.6 374.5 379.4

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.3 360.4 651.4 292.9 264.9 394.5

25-29 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242.4 187.3 587.6 195.1 157.7 370.1

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.6 172.8 591.2 184.1 147.4 371.5

35-39 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358.3 294.0 737.3 263.8 227.2 424.4

40years andovar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692.1 607.2 1,083.3 409.0 377.8 519.9

llncludea racea other than whne and black.

NOTE The 13-State area includes Colorado, Indiana, Kansas, Mwsoun, Montana, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and

Vtrgmta.

mmcy provide an approximate indication of the frequency of

induced abortions to the frequency of pregnancies.

Two forms of induced abortion ratios (ratios per 1,000 live

births-Type I ratios—and ratios per 1,000 live births and induced abortions-Type II ratios) are shown in table II. Induced

abortion ratios in the text of this report are of Type I. These

ratios are larger than those in Type II, because the latter includes a larger number of events in the denominator than the

former. Both types of ratios have the same number of events—

induced terminations-in the numerator. For Type I ratios, age

differentials are greater that is, the range between the largest

and the smallest ratios by age of women is greater than for

Type II ratios. Induced abortion differentials by race are also

more pronounced using Type I than Type 11ratios.

In the computation of percent distributions and medians,

“not stated” cases are excluded. Proportional allocation of “not

stated” cases in computing these measures would yield exactly

the same results. In addition, medians were calculated using

single years of age, single years of education, and single weeks

of gestation.

In the computation of percent change, the following general

formula was used:

R1–~

“ 100

%

where RI equals the ratio of interest in 1984 and ~ equals the

ratio of interest in 1983. The total percent change is a weighted

average of the change for the groups of interest. Although it is

unusual, the total percent change can be greater or smaller than

either of the percent changes in its component parts as seen in

tables A and B.
36 ~ Monthly Vital SttltisticsReport ~

Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statiatica, E, PowellGrinen Induced terminations of pregnancy

Reporting States, 1984. Monthly Vital Statistics

Repoti. Vol. 36, No. 5, Supp. (2). DHHS Pub. No.

87-1120. Public Health Service. Hyattsville, Md.,

September 8, 1987.

Copyright information

This report may be reprinted without further

permiaaion,
——— —.-—— =.— ——= —— ——

———— —=—— ———= =~=_ —~— ———= ——= ~=—-- == ~.—— ---——— --- -—~ Ulmmlmltililimlilii iiruhl

—————— -——-———— -——— ——

——— ---——_

——

Final Data From the National Center for Health Statistics Vol. 36, No. 7 Supplement . October 30, 1987

Trends and Variations in Post Partum Sterilization in the

United States, 1972 and 1980

by Charles W. Warren, Ph. D., Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control, Kenneth G. Keppel, Ph. D.,

Division of Vital Statistics, National Center for Health Statistics, and Melinda L. Flock, M. S. P. H., Division of

Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control

Introduction

The use of male and female surgical sterilization by married couples in the United States has increased substantially

since 1965. By 1982 surgical sterilization was the most popular single method of contraception used in the United States

(Bachrach, 1984; Westoff and Jones, 1977). In 1982 an estimated 7.9 million married women relied on sterilization (male

or female) as their contraceptive method (Bachrach, 1984).

Due to the rapid adoption of surgical sterilization in the last

few years-especially the female procedure (tubal ligation)—

surgical sterilization is now more frequently used than the bti

control pill as a contraceptive method among married couples

in the United States (Bachrach, 1984).

Female sterilization performed immediately following a

completed pregnancy is referred to as a “post partum” procedure. Female sterilization not performed immediately following a completed pregnancy is referred to as an “interval”

procedure. Although the proportion of all sterilizations performed post partum declined during the 1970’s (Centers for

Disease Control, 1981), the number of post partum sterilizations increased significantly. This report examines trends in

post partum sterilization between 1972 and 1980 among married mothers and its levels within social and demographic subgroups. More extensive analyses of the 1972 data have been

published previously (NCHS, 1977a, 1977b).

Data and methods

The data presented in this report are from the 1972 and

1980 National Natality Surveys (NNS’S) conducted by the

National Center for Health Statistics. These surveys are based

on probability samples of all live btis to U.S. residents that

occurred in 1972 and 1980, respectively. Information beyond

that obtainable from birth certificates was collected through

questionnaires sent to mothers, hospitals, and attendants at

delivery. In 1972 and 1980 hospitals were asked whether any

operation was performed that would prevent future pregnancies. In 1980 only, hospitals were asked what type of operation

was performed and why. Missing values for all sources of information were imputed and each birth was weighted to produce

national estimates. A more detailed description of these surveys is included in the TecMlcal notes.

When interpreting the results discussed in this report, a

number of points must be kept in mind. First, other studies

indicate that the social and demographic relationships for post

partum sterilization presented here may differ from relationships for interval and male sterilizations (Bumpass and Presser, 1972). Second, it should be emphasized that these data

include all operations performed post partum to prevent future

pregnancies (tubal ligation, hysterectomy, and others). Based

on data from hospitals included in the 1980 NNS, 94 percent

of post partum sterilizations of married mothers were done by

tubal ligation (as opposed to other types of female sterilization), and 94 percent were done solely for contraceptive reasons. The findings discussed in this report are, therefore, most

representative of post partum tubal ligations performed for

contraceptive reasons. Thir& the post partum sterilization

rates presented in this repmt are for incidence, not prevalence;

that is, they refer only to post partum sterilizations among

mothers who had alive birth in 1972 or 1980. Fourth, the patterns described for post partum sterilization among married

mothers who delivered in a hospital may differ from patterns

for unmarned mothers and for nonhospital births in 1972 and

1980. The proportion of live births to unmarned mothers

changed from 12.4 percent in 1972 to 18.4 percent in 1980,

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ● Public Health Sewice ● Centers for Disease Control
2 ~ MonthlyVitalStatisticsRepoti

while the proportion of hospital live births changed from 99.2

percent in 1972 to 99.0 percent in 1980.

Incidence of post partum sterilization

The estimated number of married mothers in the United

States who were sterilized following a hospital delivery of a

live birth increased from 220,000 in 1972 to 330,000 in 1980.

The percent of married mothers sterilized post partum increased from 7.8 percent in 1972 to 11.3 percent in 1980

(figure 1), a relative increase of 45 percent. The increase in the

percent of married mothers sterilized post partum was greater

for black than for white mothers. The percent of married black

mothers who were sterilized nearly doubled from 9.8 percent in

1972 to 19.2 percent in 1980, a relative increase of 96 percent.

Among married white mothers, the percent sterilized increased

from 7.7 to 10.5 percent over the same period, a relative increase of 36 percent. In 1972 the difference in the percent

sterilized between white and black married mothers was not

statistically significant. In 1980, however, the difference was

statistically significant.

Between 1972 and 1980, the percent of married mothers

sterilized post partum increased in each of the four regions of

the United States (figure 2). In 1972 there were no significant

differences among the regions. In 1980, however, the South

had the highest percent of married mothers sterilized post partum. The South also had the greatest percent increase in post

partum sterilization between 1972 and 1980. During this

period the percent of married mothers sterilized post partum

increased by 26–36 percent in the other regions compared with

69 percent in the South.

In 1980 the percent of married white mothers sterilized in

the South was also higher than the percent in the other regions

(table 1). Between 1972 and 1980, the percent of married

20

15

5

0

❑ 1980

❑ 1972

Total White Black

Race

Figure 1. Percent of married mothers sterilized following hospital

dekrery by race of mothen United Stetes, 1972 and 1980 National

Natality Surveya

15

0

❑ 1980

❑ 1972

14.4

Northeast Midwest South West

Region

Figura 2. Percent of merried mothers sterilized following hospital

delivery by region of residence: United Statas, 1972 and 1980

National Natality Survays

white mothers sterilized in the South increased by 59 Percent.

The percent of married black mothers sterilized-in ti;e South

more than doubled, from 9.2 percent in 1972 to 19.6 percent in

1980.

Because most post partum sterilizations are performed for

contraception, differences in percents of mothers sterilized according to the mother’s age would be expected. In 1972 the

percent of mothers sterilized increased for each successive age

group (figure 3), In 1980 the positive association between age

30

25

20

15

10

5

❑ 1980

~ 1972

28.1

0

Under 20 20-24 25-29 30-34 35 yaars

years yea rs years yaars and over

Age

Figura 3. Percent of married mothers sterilized following hospital

delivery by age Unitad Statas, 1972 and 1980 National Natality

Surveys
and the percent of mothers sterilized was again evidenti Among

mothers 20 years and over, the percent sterilized increased for

each successive age group. Between 1972 and 1980, the percent sterilized increased among married mothers in the age

groups horn 20 to 34 years of age. In 1980 there were not

enough married teenagers sterilized to obtain a reliable estimate, and the apparent increase among mothers 35 years and

over was not statistically significant.

The same patterns are evident among married white mothers (table 1). The percent sterilized tended to increase with age

and over time within age groups, but not all of the differences

were statistically significant. Although the percents for married

black mothers are based on relatively few cases, the same patterns are evident.

The number of prior live births also influences decisions

about sterilization. In 1972 the percent of mothers sterilized

increased with each additional birth, from 1.9 percent for

mothers having their fiist child to 19.3 percent for mothers

having at least a fourth child (figure 4). A similar pattern was

found in 1980, when the percent of mothers sterilized increased with each additional birth, from 1.0 percent for

mothers having their frst child to 26.1 percent for mothers

having their third child. In 1980 there was no statistically significant difference in the percent sterilized post partum between mothers with three children and those with four or

more children.

Between 1972 and 1980, the percent of married mothers

sterilized after their first live birth declined from 1.9 to 1.0 percent. At each of the other birth orders, the percent of mothers

sterilized increased between 1972 and 1980. hong mothers

having their second live birth, the percent sterilized increased

by 123 percent, substantially more than the increase for the

other live-birth orders. This may be evidence of an increasing

desire for a two-child family. These differentials and trends are

generally evident for both white and black women.

The percents of married mothers sterilized postpartum by

live-birth order and age are shown in table 2. The percents for

mothers having their first live birth are unreliable because post

partum sterilization is relatively rare among mothers under 30

years of age and because f~st births are relatively rare among

mothers 30 years and over. Among mothers having a second

live bti, the percent of post partum sterilizations more than

doubled between 1972 and 1980 for mothers in the 20-24 and

25–29 year age groups. Among mothers having a third or

higher order live birth, increases in the percents sterilized were

evident for mothers 20 years and over, but these increases were

not as great as for those mothers having a second live birth.

There was also an association between the wontedness

status of a pregnancy and the percent of mothers sterilized

(figure 5). In 1980,9-10 percent of mothers who wanted the

pregnancy “earlier” or “then” and 12 percent of mothers who

wanted the pregnancy “later” were sterilized. The percent of

mothers sterilized following an unwanted pregnancy (31 percent) was about three times that for mothers whose pregnancy

was wanted. The same pattern was evident in 1972.

In table 3 the percent of mothers sterilized is shown by

wontedness status and age. In 1972 dfierences by wontedness

EN1972

30 r 28.2

25

20

10

5

0

1st child ‘ 2d child 3d child 4th child

and over

Live-birth order

35

r

30

25

10

5

n

El 1980

~ 1972

I 30.8

I

Wanted Wanted Wanted Not

earlier then later wanted

Wontedness status of pregnancy

Figure 4. Percent of married mothers sterilized following hospital

delive~ by live-birth order: United Statas, 1972 and 1980 National

Natality Surveys

Figure 5. Percent of married mothers sterilized following hospital

delivery by wontedness status of pregnancy United States, 1972

and 1980 National Natality Surveys
4 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Reporl

status were greatest for mothers 25 –29 years of age. Between

1972 and 1980, among mothers 25–29 years of age, the percent sterilized increased by 78 percent for mothers whose pregnancies were “wanted then” and by 97 percent for those whose

pregnancies were not wanted. In 1980 among mothers 25–29

years of age, the range in the percent sterilized by wontedness

status was greater than it had been in 1972, and it was also

greater than the range for the other age groups.

The percent of mothers sterilized in 1980 is shown by educational attainment and region of residence in table 4. Although an inverse association between the percent of mothers

sterilized and years of school completed is apparen$ not all of

the differences are statistically significant. The difference between percents sterilized for mothers with fewer than 8 years of

school (19.4) and 9– 11 years of school (12.5) is not significan~ nor is the difference between percents for mothers with

9-11 years of school and 12 years of school (12.1).

When the regions are compared, the most obvious difference is the higher proportion of mothers with 12 years of

school or more who were sterilized in the South. In the other

regions, 10– 11 percent of mothers with 12 years of school and

7–8 percent of the mothers with 13 years of school or more

were sterilized. In the South, however, 15.6 percent of mothers

with 12 years of school and 12.2 percent of mothers with 13

years of school or more were sterilized. The higher percent of

mothers sterilized in the South is, therefore, due in part to the

higher proportion of mothers with 12 years of school or more

who chose post partum sterilization.
References

Bachrach, C. A. 1984. Contraceptive practice among American women,

1973-1982. Family Planning Perspectives 16(6):253-259.

Bumpass, L. L., and H. B. Presser. 1972. Contraceptive sterilization

in the U. S.: 1965 and 1970. Demography 9(4):531 –548.

Centers for Disease Control. 1981. Surgical Sterilization SurveilIance—Tubal Sterilization, 1976-1978. Public Health Service. Atlanta, Ga.

National Center for Health Statistics, P. J. Placek. 1977a. The incidence of sterilization following delivery of legitimate live births in hospitals: United States. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 26, No. 3

Supp. DHEW Pub. No. (HRA) 77-1120. Health Resources Administration. Rockville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, P. J. Placek. 1977b. The relationship of maternal health factors to sterilization following delivery of

legitimate live births in hospitals: United States. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 26, No. 3 Supp. 2. DHEW Pub. No. (HRA) 77-

1120. Health Resources Admiiistration. Rockville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, K. G. Keppel, R. L. Heuser, P.

J. Placek, et al. 1986. Methods and response characteristics: 1980

National Natality and Fetal Mortality Surveys. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 2, No. 100. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 86–1 374. Public

Health Service. Washington U.S. Government Printing Office.

Westoff, C. F., and E. F. Jones. 1977. Contraception and sterilization

in the United States, 1965-1975. Family Planning Perspectives

9(4):153-157.

Symbols

--- Data not available

. . . Category not applicable

Quantity zero

0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than

0.05

z Quantity more than zero but less than

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

*

Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision
Table 1. Estimatad number of live hospital births to married mothers and parcant of mothars starilizad following dalivary, by rata of mothar and

selactad charactaristica: Unitad States, 1972 and 1980 National Natality Survaya

All racesl White Black

Number of Number of Number of

births in Percent births in Percent births in Percent

thousands sterilized thousands sterilized thousends sterilized

—

Cherecteristic 1980 1972 1980 1972 1980 1972 1980 ?972 1980 1972 19t?o 1972

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Region of residence

Northeast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Age of mother

Under 20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

25-29 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30-34 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

35 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Live-birth order

Ist child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2d child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3d child . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

4th child and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wontedness status

Wanted earlier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wanted then . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Wanted later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notwanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,921

526

819

958

618

287

984

1,001

506

144

1,179

989

470

284

744

1,158

836

183

2,818

603

775

940

500

415

1,031

850

356

166

1,072

869

428

450

579

1,241

766

233

11.3

9.8

9.6

14.4

10.2

“1.6

6.7

12.5

18.9

28.1

1.0

11.8

26.1

28.2

8.8

9.6

11.7

30.8

7.8

7.3

7.6

8.5

7.5

2.7

4.7

8.2

15.2

22.4

1.9

5.3

15.8

19.3

6.3

6.2

8.0

19.6

2,585

474

762

799

550

262

674

889

437

123

1,077

882

395

231

672

1,028

731

155

2,490

548

710

780

453

353

915

768

311

143

965

781

379

365

526

1,108

655

201

10.5

9.6

8.8

13.5

9.2

*1.6

6.0

11.7

17.8

26.2

“0.9

11.3

25.3

26.5

8.3

8.9

10.8

28.9

7.7

7.4

6.9

8.5

7.9

*2.5

4.4

8.2

15.1

23.1

1.8

5.2

16.4

19.5

6.5

6.2

7.5

19’9

243

40

43

140

20

22

85

82

40

14

67

76

57

44

50

93

80

20

276

50

59

148

20

57

100

65

37

19

84

77

41

76

45

111

95

28

19,2

*1 2.9

*23.8

19.6

‘1 9.0

*2.1

12,6

20.3

31.6

“44.1

“1.5

16,,7

31.5

*34,9

‘14.7

17.1

18.6

*42.5

9.8

“7.0

*1 5.6

9.2

*4.7

*3.8

*8.3

* 10.6

*1 6.9

“20.0

*2.5

*6.8

‘13.5

19.1

*5.6

*7.6

11.5

“20.0

1Includes races other than white and black.

NOTE: Figures may not add to totals becauae of rounding.
Table 2. Estimated number of live hospital bkths to married mothers and percant of mothers sterilized following daliva~, by live-birth order and

age of mothem United States, 1972 and 1980 National Natality Sunrays

Number of births

in thousands Percant sterilized

Live-birth ordar and age 1980 1972 1980 1972

1st live birth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,179 1,072 1.0 1.9

Under 20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 323 *2.2

20-24 yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493 479 “0.5 *1.3

25-29 years c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 215 *1.4 “0.7

30 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 56 *3.1 *8.9

2d live birth. . . . , <. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 989 869 11.6 5.3

Under 20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 82 *6.6 *3.7

20-24 years, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 384 10.4 5.1

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 308 11.1 4.6

30 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 96 17.3 *9.8

3d live birth and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753 878 26.9 17.6

Under 20yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . *8 11 *8.6 *8.2

20-24 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 168 19.0 13.3

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276 328 28.1 16.5

30 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 371 29.7 20.8

NOTE Figures may not add to totala bacause of rounding.
Table 3. Estimatad number of live hospital bktha to married mothars and percent of mothers sterilized following delivary, by aga of mother and

wantadness status of pregnancy: United States, 1972 and 19S0 Nationel Natality Surveys

Number of births

in thousands Percent sterilized

Age and wontedness starus 1980 1972 ?980 1972

Under 20 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287 415 “1.6 2.7

Wanted earlier, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

Wanted than. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70 *3.7

99 1S5 82.0 *2.8

Wantad later.,...........,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

Not wanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

140 “2.0 *2.1

14 20 *3.1 *2.6

20-24 yeara. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 984

Wanted earlier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,031 6.7 4.7

215

Wantad then . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

202 5.2 *3.6

414 480 6.3 4.5

Wanted later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323

Not wanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

305 7.8 5.2

31 44 *1O.9 *8.O

25-29 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,001 850 12.5 8.2

Wanted earlier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 194 8.6 6.5

Wantad then . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418

Wanted later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

397 11.2 6.3

Notwanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

256 197 14.8 10.4

44

30 years and over . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

63 35.8 18.2

649 522 21.0 17.5

Wanted earlier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1S6 113 16.2 12.6

Wanted then . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 179 16.3 14.2

Wanted later . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 124

Not wanted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22.7 17.5

93 106 39.1 28.4

NOTE Figures may not add to totals because of rounding,
Table 4. Estimatad numbar of live hospital births to marriad mothers and percent of mothers stabilized following delivary, by region of residanca

and educational attainment Unitad States, 1980 National Natality Survay

Number of

births in Percent

Region and years of school completed thousands sterilized

United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,921 11.3

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 19.4

9-n yeara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410 12.5

12 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,338 12.1

13yeara or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,059 9.0

Northaaat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526 9.8

0-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9-11 years

17 *6.5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 *I 5.2

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 10.6

13years or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 7.7

Midwest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 819 9.6

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 *22.7

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 11.3

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416 10.1

13years ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 7.2

South . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 958 14.4

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 *22.8

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168 13.3

12 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 15.6

13yeara ormore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318 12.2

West . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618 10.2

O-8 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 *1 8.9

9-n years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 *1 0.6

12 years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 252 11.2

13years ormore . . . . . . . . . . ...<.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258 8.1
10 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Technical notes

Sources of data

Data presented in this report are based on the 1972 and

1980 National Natality Surveys (hTNS’.s) conducted by the

National Center for Health Statistics. More detailed descriptions of methods and procedures employed in these surveys

can be found in other publications (NCHS, 1977a, 1977b,

1986). These notes briefly describe survey procedures relevant

to this report.

The 1980 NNS was based on a probability sample of registered live births in the United States for 1980. The 1980

sample consisted of 9,941 live births, of which 7,825 were

births to married mothers. This report is limited to married

mothers because births to unmarried mothers were excluded

from the 1972 NNS.

The 1972 NNS was based on a probability sample of 1 in

500 certificates of live birth filed in the United States in 1972.

This resulted in a total sample of 6,505 IIive births, of which

5,689 were births to married mothers.

In both surveys, additional information was sought from

sources named on birth certificates. Questionnaires were mailed

to married mothers requesting information on their health practices, prenatal care, previous pregnancies, and social and dem~

graphic characteristics. Questionnaires were also mailed to the

hospitals and to the attendants at delivery named on vital ree

orals. A questionnaire was sent to hospitals for all deliveries

occurring in or en route to a hospital. A questionnaire was also

mailed to the attendant at delivery (physician, nurse-midwife,

NOTE: A list of references follows the text.

and so forth) when the attendant’s address differedl from the

address of the hospital.

Nonhospital births (60 in 1980 and 42 in 1972) are not

included in this report because the hospital questionnaire was

the source of information on post partum sterilizations. The

NNS data have been weighted so that the estimates in this

report are representative of all married mothers of live hospital

births (2,921,000 in 1980 and 2,818,000 in 1972).

Sampling error

Because NNS estimates are based on samples,, they may

differ from the figures that would have been obtained had all

live births been surveyed. The use of probability sampling techniques makes it possible to approximate sampling errors for

these estimates. The standard error is a measure of the variability that occurs by chance because a sample, rather than the

population, is surveyed. While the standard errors calculated

for this report reflect some of the random variation iinherent in

the measurement process, they do not measure any :systematic

error or bias that may be present in the data. For purposes of

this report, standard errors for the 1980 NNS were estimated

using a balanced-repeated-replication procedure, which produces highly reliable, unbiased estimates of sampling errors.

Its application to the NNS is described elsewhere (NCHS,

1986). Approximate standard errors for the estimated percents

of mothers sterilized can be derived by interpolation from table

I for 1980 and table II for 1972. In this report, a percent estimate is considered unreliable if the unweighed numerator is

based on fewer than 30 sample cases in 1980, or fewer than 20

Tabla 1. Approximate standard errors for eatirnated parcenta expraased in parentage points by rata of mother: 1980 National Natality Survey

Estimated percent

Base of percent end race of mother 2 or 98 5 or 95 10 or90 20 or 80 30 or 70 40 or 610 50

All races and white

10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,. . . . . . . 2.7 4.2 5.8 7.8 8.9 9.5 9.7

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 2.4 3.4 4.5 5.1 6.5 5.6

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 1.9 2.6 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.3

70,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 1.6 2.2 2.9 3.4 3,6 3.7

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 1,3 1.8 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.1

200,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0,9 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.1

500s000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2

0.4 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4

700,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 7.1 1.1 1.2

1,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0

2,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7

3,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.2 0.3 0,4 0.5 0.5 0.6

Black

10,000 ., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,, ..,., 2.8 4.3 5.9 7,9 9.1 9.7 9.9

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 2.5 3.4 4,6 5.2 5.6 5.7

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 1.9 2.6 3.5 4,0 4.3 4.4

70,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 1.6 2.2 3.0 3.4 3.7 3.7

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 1.4 1.9 2.5 2.9 3.1 3.1

200,000 . . . . . . >. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 7.0 1.3 1,8 2.0 2,2 2.2

3008000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8
MonthlyVital StatisticsReport~11

Tabla 1L Approximate standard errors for astimated parcerrta exprasaed in parcentssgapoints: 1972 National Natality Survay

Estimated percent

Base of percent 2 or 98 5 or 95 10 or90 20 or 80 30 or 70 40 or 60 50

10,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

30,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

50,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

200,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

500,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

700,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,000,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,500,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2.2

1.3

1,.0

0.8

0.7

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

3.5

2.0

1.6

1.3

1.1

0.8

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

4.8

2.8

2.1

1.8

1.5

1.1

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.3

0.3

6.4

3.7

2.9

2.4

2.0

1.4

0.9

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.4

7.3

4.2

3.3

2.8

2.3

1.6

1.0

0.9

0.7

0.5

0.5

7.8

4.5

3.5

3.0

2.5

1.8

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.6

0.5

8.0

4.6

3.6

3.0

2.5

1.8

1.1

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.5

sample cases in 1972, or if its relative standard error is 25 percent or greater.

In this report, a difference between two statistics is considered statistically signylcant if it could occur by chance no

more than 5 percent of the time. The determination of statistical significance is based on a two-tailed t-test with 20 degrees

of freedom. Terms in the text relating to differences such as

“higher” or “less” indicate that the differences are statistically

signtilcant. Terms such as “similar” or “no difference” mean

that no statistically significant difference exists between the

estimates being compared. No inference about statistical significance should be made about any differences not discussed

in the text they may or may not be significant.

Definitions of terms

Sten”lization—The fact of sterilization is determined horn

the hospital questiomaire using a single question: “Was any

operation performed which will prevent future pregnancies?”

In 1980 only, there were also questions about what type of

operation was performed and why (NCHS, 1986).

NOTE: A list of referencesfollowsthe text.

Race of mother—Race is derived from the birth certificate. The category “white” includes births to mothers reported

as white, Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban, or other Hispanic

origin.

Region—Region of residence is derived from the birth certificate. Standard classifications of the U.S. Bureau of the Census were used to assign States to the Northeast, Midwest

(formerly North Central), West, or South regions.

Wontedness status—Wontedness status is derived from

the mother’s questiomaire with the question: “Thinking back,

just before you became pregnant with your new baby, did you

want to become pregnant at that time?” Responses were as

follows: (1) “I wanted this pregnancy at an earlier time, as well

as at that time”; (2) “I wanted to become pregnant at that

time”; (3) “I did not want to become pregnant at that time, but

I wanted another child sometime in the future”; or (4) “I did

not want to become pregnant at that time, or at any time in

the future.”

Age of mother—Age is derived from the birth certificate

and refers to the mother’s age at last birthday.

Live-birth order—Live-birth order is derived from the

birth certificate and refers to the total number of children ever

born alive to the mother, including the sample live birth.

Education—Education of mother is derived from the

mother’s questiomaire and refers to the highest grade of school

completed Trade or business school education is not included
12 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statistics, C. W. Warren,

K. G. Keppal, and Melinds L. Flock, 1987. Trend$

and variations in post partum sterilization in the

United Statea, 1972 and 1980. Monthly Vi?a/

Statistics Report. Vol. 36, No. 7, Supp. DH HS Pub.

No. (PHS) 88-1120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md.

Copyright information

This report may be reprinted without further

permission.
—.. ———. —= _—— ——— —— = — ——— . —. —— ——— ———— . ——

Ilmmlalmlilfiililii mrru

———. ————— _——~ =—===— ===== ——--=_—— —.—= .—=———

—————

———

Final Data From the National Center for Health Statistics Vol. 36, No. 11, Supplement . February 26, 1988

Births of Hispanic Parentage 1985

by Stephanie J. Ventura, A. M.,

Introduction

In 1985, 23 States and the District of Columbia reported

information on births of Hispanic parentage (table 1). Because

the vast majority of the Hispanic population in this country (an

estimated 92 percent) resides in these States (the Hispanic

reporting area), the birth statistics in this report are believed to

be representative of fertility for the Hispanic population in the

United States (U.S. Bureau of the Census, in press).

Previous publications have described the demographic and

health characteristics of Hispanic births occurring in 1978–84

(NCHS, 1981,1982, 1983, 1984b, 1985, 1987). Additionally,

birth and fertility rates by Hispanic origin for each State were

computed for 1980, using population information available

only from the decennial census (NCHS, 1983, 1984a).

The number of babies born to Hispanic mothers in the

reporting area totaled 372,814 in 1985 (table 1), a 7-percent

increase over the number reported in the same States for 1984

(346,986) and an 1l-percent increase over 1983.

Hispanic-origin mothers accounted for 17 percent of the

infants born in the reporting area in 1985, a slight rise over

1983 and 1984 (16 percent). Neady twcAhirds of the Hispanic

mothers were Mexicw, Puerto RicarLCentral and South American, and other Hispanic women each accounted for about 10

percent of Hispanic-origin births; and 3 percent of the Hispanic

mothers were Cuban.

The reporting of Hispanic origin of the parents on the birth

certificate has improved considerably since 1978, when this

information was first tabulated. In 1985 origin of the mother

was not available for only 3.6 percent of the births compared

with 12.1 percent in 1978. Origin of the father was also better

reported in 1985 than in earlier years, but it is still omitted

from a substantial number of records, 14.3 percent in 1985

(table 2) compared with 20.2 percent in 1978. For this reason

and also because most of the tabulations in this report relate to

characteristics of the mother (for example, fertility rates, educaDivision of Vital Statistics

tional attainment, marital status), births are classified only by

origin of the mother in tables 1 and 3–7 and in the text.

Race of child

The vast majority of births to Hispanic mothers are white,

95.4 percent in 1985. However, there are substantial variations

in the racial composition of births of the various Hispanic

groups, as shown in table 3.

Birth and fertil-~ rates

Birth and fertility rates for the Hispanic population increased in 1985 compared with 1983 and 1984. The rates continued to be higher than for the non-Hispanic population, 50

percent on the average. (See table 4 for 1985 rat~s.) The

increase between 1984 and 1985 was primarily associated

with the 3-4 percent rise in rates for Mexicans. The bhth rate

for the Hispanic population was 23.3 live births per 1,000 pop

ulation in 1985, 3 percent higher than in 1984 (22.7); for the

non-Hispanic population the birth rate was 15.4 in 1985, 1

percent above the rate for 1984 (15.2). The fertility rate for

Hispanic women was 94.0 live births per 1,000 women aged

1544 years, 3 percent higher than in 1984 (91.5) and 46 percent higher tkan the rate for non-Hispanic women (64.6).

The birth rate for the Mexican population rose 4 percent,

from 22.9 in 1984 to 23.8 in 1985. The rate for Puerto Ricans

was 18.2, for Cubans it was 10.5, and for “other Hispanics” it

was 29.8. Because of sampling variability associated with the

populations used to compute these rates, the year-to-year changes

in the rates are not statistically significant.

Variations in fertility rates were comparable to those for

birth rates. The fertility rate for Mexican women increased 3

percent, from 95.8 to 98.5. The rate for Puerto Rican women

was 66.5 in 1985, the rate for Cuban women was 51.2, and the

rate for “other Hispanic” women was 109.0.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES ● Public Health Service . Centers for Disease Control
The birth and fertility rates presented in this report were

computed for the total of 11 States for which the necessary

population data by Hispanic origin were available from the

U.S. Bureau of the Census. The 11 States were Arizona,

California, Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, New Jersey,

New Mexico, New York, Ohio, and Texas. The population

data needed to compute these rates for the non-Hispanic pop

ulation by race were not available. In 1985, 98 percent of the

births in the Hispanic reporting area were to residents of these

11 States.

Age of mother and live-birth order

Teenage childbearing is relatively common among Hispanic women, particularly Mexican and Puerto Rican women.

In 1985, 17 percent of births to Mexican mothers and 21 percent of births to Puerto Rican mothers were to women under 20

years of age, similar to the level of teenage births for black nonHispanic women (23 percent) but substantially higher than for

Cuban (7 percent) and white non-Hispanic women (10 percent) (table 5).

Nearly 1 in every 5 births to Mexican mothers was a

fourth or higher order birth ( 18.4 percent) in 1985, the highest

proportion observed among any Hispanic or non-Hispanic

group (table 6). The proportion of fourth and higher order

births varied widely among other groups, from 5.5 and 7.5 percent for births to Cuban and. white non-Hispanic women to

11.0–14. 1 percent for births to other specific Hispanic and

black non-Hispanic women.

Births to unmarried mothers

Unmarried mothers accounted for 3 in 10 births to Hispanic women in 1985 (table 6), but the proportions for individual origin groups differed considerably, ranging from 16 percent of Cuban-origin births to 51 percent of Puerto Ricamorigin

births. The comparable proportions for non-Hispanic births

were 12 percent for white and 61 percent for black births.

These proportions have risen steadily for both Hispanic and

non-Hispanic women in recent years.

As would be expected, nonmarital childbearing is much

more frequent among teenage mothers than among mothers

aged 20 years and older, regardless of origin group (table 7).

Among Hispanic teenagers, the proportions of nomnarital births

ranged from 37 percent for Cuban to 74 percent for Puerto

Rican women; among non-Hispanic teens, 43 percent of white

births and 90 percent of black births were to unmarried women.

The proportions of nonmarital births were considerably

lower for all origin groups for ages 20 years and older. They

ranged from 15 to 45 percent among Hispanic women compared with 9 percent for white non-Hispanic and 52 percent for

black non-Hispanic women.

Educational attainment of mother

The available data indicate that the educational attainment of Hispanic mothers has risen considerably in recent

years, although it is still substantially below that of nonHispanic mothers (table 6). Because educational attainment is

not reported on the birth certificates in California and Texas,

data are available for only 35 percent of all Hispanic births and

only 15 percent of Mexican births in 1985. Overall, 56 percent

of Hispanic-origin mothers giving birth in 1985 had completed

high school compared with 84 percent of white nor~-Hispanic

mothers and 67 percent of black non-Hispanic mothers. The

proportions for specific Hispanic groups ranged from 41 percent for Mexican mothers to 79 percent for Cuban mothers.

The largest gain in educational attainment was measured for

Puerto Rican mothers, among whom 53 percent of those giving

birth in 1985 had completed high school compared with 45

percent in 1980.

Country of birth

Among Hispanic women giving birth in 1985, 45 percent

were born in the United States and 55 percent in Puerto Rico

or countries outside the United States (table 6). There continue

to be wide variations in the proportions of U. S.-born mothers

among the various origin groups, from 47 and 51 percent for

Mexican and Puerto Rican women to 3 percent for Central and

South American women. These proportions are somewhat

higher for teenage mothers than for older mothers (table 7).

On the average, U: S.-born Hispanic mothers are about

twice as likely to be teenaged as are foreign- or Puerto Ricanborn Hispanic mothers (data are not shown in this report).

U.S.-born Hispanic women are somewhat more likely to have

completed high school than their foreign- or Puerto Rican-born

counterparts, a pattern that has been observed for several years

(NCHS, 1987; Ventura and Taffel, 1985).

Prenatal care

Data on prenatal care and selected measures of the health

of newborn infants show that although Hispanic mothers ( except Cubans) begin prenatal care later than white non-Hispanic

mothers, the levels of low birth weight and low Apgar scores

are comparable (table 6). Overall, 61 percent of Hispanic

mothers and black non-Hispanic mothers began prenatal care

in the first trimester of pregnancy in 1985 compared with 82

percent of white non-Hispanic mothers. The proportions for

specific origin groups ranged from 58 percent for Puerto Rican

women to83 percent for Cuban women. Of all Hispanic mothers,

12 percent received delayed prenatal care (beginning in the

third trimester of pregnancy) or no care (a range of 4 to 16 percent). Regardless of origin, teenage mothers are less likely to

begin prenatal care early and more likely to receive delayed or

no care than are older mothers (table 7). Levels of delayed or

no care were highest for Puerto Rican teenage mothers(21 percent) and were substantial for other Hispanic-origin groups

(except Cubans) as well (16-19 percent).
Monthly Vital Statistics Report ~ 3

Birth weight Apgar scores, and

preterm birth

In spite of their relatively less favorable status with respect

to receipt of prenatal care, births to Hispanic women have

levels of low birth weight and low Apgar scores that are comparable to those of babies born to white non-Hispanic mothers,

as indicated above. In 1985, 6.2 percent of Hispanic babies

weighed less than 2,500 grams at birth (5 pounds 8 ounces)

compared with 5.6 percent of white non-Hispanic infants and

12,4 percent of black non-Hispanic infants (table 6). The pre

portions for specific Hispanic groups ranged from 5.7 percent

for Central and South American babies to 8.7 percent for

Puerto Rican babies. The proportions of infants with l-minute

Apgar scores less than 7 averaged 8.3 percent for Hispanic

babies compared with 8.9 percent of white non-Hispanic and

11.9 percent of black non-Hispanic infants. Low 5-minute

Apgar scores were reported for 1.6 percent of Hispanic babies

compared with 1.5 percent of white non-Hispanic and 3.1 percent of black non-Hispanic babies.

Preterrn birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) was reported

for 11 percent of all Hispanic infants compared with 8 percent

of white non-Hispanic and 17 percent of black non-Hispanic

infants. The proportions of preterm births among Hispanic

babies ranged from 9 percent (Cuban) to 13 percent (Puerto

Rican).

In an effort to clarifi the relationships between Hispanic

origin and levels of low birth weight, the birth weight data were

firther classified by the age of the mother (table 7) and by the

month of pregnancy in which prenatal care began and the

educational attainment of the mother (data are not shown in

this report). Levels of low birth weight were lower for infants

whose mothers were aged 20 years and older, who began prenatal care early, and who were high school graduates. But even

for babies born to teenagers, to women with delayed or no prenatal care, or to women who did not complete high school, the

proportions of low-weight infants were still relatively favorable

for Hispanic-origin, especially Mexican, babies. It is difficult

to account for this pattern, one that has been observed for

several years. One factor may be the much lower incidence of

smoking among Hispanic than among non-Hispanic women.

Unpublished data from the 1980 National Natality Survey

conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)

show that only 10 percent of Mexican women, compared with

27 percent of white non-Hispanic women, smoked during pregnancy. Information from the 1985 National Health Interview

Survey, also conducted by NCHS, confirms a significantly

lower rate of smoking among Hispanic women (NCHS, in

press).
References

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura and R. L. Heuser.

1981. Births of Hispanic parentage, 1978. Monthly Vital Statistics

Report. Vol. 29, No. 12 Supp. DHHS Pub, No. (PHS) 81-1120.

Public Health Service. Hyattsville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura. 1982. Births of

Hispanic parentage, 1979, Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 31,

No. 2 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 82–1 120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura. 1983. Births of

Hkpanic parentage, 1980. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 32,

No. 6 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 83–1 120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, S. TatTel. 1984a. Birth and fertility rates for States, United States, 1980. Vital and Health Statistics. Series 21, No. 42. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 84-1920. Public

Health Service. Washington U.S. Government Printing OffIce.

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura. 1984b. Births of

Hkpanic parentage, 1981. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 33,

No. 8 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 85–1 120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura. 1985. Births of

Hispanic parentage, 1982. Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 34,

No. 4 Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 85–1 120. Public Health Service.

Hyattsville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura. 1987. Births of

Hispanic parentage, 1983 and 1984. Monthly Vital Statistics Report,

Vol. 36, No. 4 Supp (2). DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 87-1120. Public

Health Service. Hyattsville, Md.

National Center for Health Statistics, C, Schoenbom. In press. Health

promotion and dkease prevention: United States, 1985. Vital am’

Health Statistics. Series 10, No. 163. DHHS Pub, No. (PHS) 88-

1591, Public Health Service. Washington U.S. Government Printing OffIce.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1987. The Hispanic population in the

United States: March 1986 and 1987 (Adv ante Report). Current

Population Reports. Series P-20, No. 416, Washingtorx U.S. GovernmentPrinting OffIce.

U.S. Bureau of the Census. In press. Unpublished data consistent with

data shown in Persons of Spanish origin in the United States, March

1985. Current Population Reports. Series P-20. Washington U.S

Government Printing OffIce.

Ventura, S. J. and S. M. Taffel. 1985. Childbearing chamcteristics of

U. S,- and foreign-born Hispanic mothers. Public Health Rep. 100(8):

647-52.

Symbols

--- Data not available

. . . Category not applicable

Quantity zero

(0.0 Quantity more than zero but less than

0.05

z Quantity more than zero but less than

500 where numbers are rounded to

thousands

*

Figure does not meet standard of

reliability or precision
Monthly Vital Statistics Report~ 5

Table 1. Live births by Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 reporting Stetes and the

District of Columbia and each State, 1985

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South

State

unknown Not

origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Totafl White Black stated

All reporting

States. . . . . . .

Arizona. . . . . . .

Arkansas ., . . .

California . . . , .

Colorado . . . . .

District of

Columbia ., . .

Florida ...,...

Georgia . . . . . .

Hawaii . . . . . . .

Hlmois . . . . . . .

Indiana . . . . . . .

Kansas . . . . . . .

Maine . . . . . . . .

Mwsisaippi. . . .

Nebraska . . . , .

Nevada . . . . . . .

New Jersey . . .

New Mexico. . .

New York.....

North Dakota. . .

Ohio . . . . . . . . .

Tennessee . . . .

Texas . . . . . . . .

Utah .,.......

Wyoming . . . . .

2,298,287

59,348

35,221

470,951

55,123

9,870

163,816

96,340

18,307

180,737

80,946

39,679

16,903

43,449

25,551

15,325

105,566

27,757

259,465

11,721

160,474

66,757

308,164

37,451

9,366

372,814

13,423

174

149,184

7,486

500

17,090

837

1,690

16,779

1,288

1,297

116

134

563

1,345

11,836

11,279

38,577

86

1,956

248

94,888

1,515

523

242,976

12,641

121

117,764

2,654

186

2,269

277

247

9,832

893

986

22

39

497

808

267

1,983

1,060

47

794

71

88,335

883

300

35,147

89

7

1,638

72

8

1,883

160

534

2,498

152

71

7

11

9

20

6,294

40

20,268

6

622

19

686

43

10

10,024

17

5

856

12

6,646

68

18

250

20

14

38

6

3

21

1,058

13

677

45

9

232

14

2

40,985

87

5

16,760

80

261

2,466

146

48

942

55

46

10

20

11

57

2,928

28

13,429

7

111

26

3,418

36

8

43,682

589

36

12,166

4,668

45

3,826

186

843

3,257

168

180

39

58

43

439

1,289

9,215

3,143

26

384

123

2,217

539

203

1,841,641

45,469

34,608

317,553

44,965

7,975

144,505

93,872

16,592

159,615

76,295

34,791

15,828

42,736

23,808

11,756

83,405

16,458

203,198

11,111

151,236

50,322

211,985

35,500

8,058

1,384,671

36,578

26,091

223,782

40,654

(1,124

103,993

60,109

4,211

118,431

67,276

30,700

15,557

22,337

21,995

9,881

61,607

11,770

147,251

10,031

127,157

38,057

164,832

33,666

7,581

350,108

2,400

8,189

43,810

2,628

6,760

38,541

32,647

846

37,906

8,368

3,008

65

19,942

1,334

794

18,947

623

47,874

137

22,389

11,816

40,734

266

84

83,832

456

439

4,214

2.672

1,395

2,221

1,631

25

4,343

3,363

3,591

959

579

1,180

2,224

10,325

20

17,690

524

7,282

16,187

1,291

436

785

1Includes races other than white and black.
6 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 2. Live births by Hispanic origin of mother and father Total of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbia, 1985

Origin of mother

Hispanic

Central

All

Other and

Puerto

Origin of father

and South unknown Non- Not

origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Hispanic stated

All origins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,298,287 372,814 242,976 35,147 10,024 40,985 43,682 1,841,641 83,832

Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342,186

Mexican . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229,727

Puerto Rican, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,581

Cuban . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,888

Cantral and South American . . . . 35,722

Other and unknown Hispanic . . . . 35,268

Non- Hispanic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,627,015

Notststed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329,086

289,146

200,644

24,279

8,383

31,849

23,991

46,323

37,345

199,079

192,257

1,272

510

3,290

1,750

22,903

20,994

24,394

968

20,640

583

1,741

462

4,331

6,422

7,383

260

314

6,056

523

230

1,749

892

32,170

3,765

1,365

836

25,865

339

4,485

4,330

26,120

3,394

688

398

430

21,210

12,855

4,707

52,046

28,679

6,035

2,466

3,776

11,090

1,575,425

214,170

994

404

267

39

97

187

5,267

77,571
Monthly Vital Statistics Report 7

Table 3. Number of live births and percent distribution by rece of child, according to Hispanic origin of mothen Total of 23 reporting States and

the District of Columbia, 1985

Origin of mother

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown Non- Not

Race of child origins Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Hispanic stated

Number

All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,298,287 372,814 242,976 35,147 10,024 40,985 43,682 1,841,641 83,832

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,808,679 355,493 238,030 31,700 9,608 35,736 40,419 1,384,671 68,515

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374,135 11,114 2,227 2,752 351 4,505 1,279 350,108 12,913

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115,473 6,207 2,719 695 65 744 1,984 106,862 2,404

Percent distribution

All races . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

White . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.7 95.4 98.0 90.2 95.8 87.2 92.5 75.2 81.7

Black . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 3.0 0.9 7.8 3.5 11.0 2.9 19.0 15.4

Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 1.7 1.1 2.0 0.6 1.8 4.5 5.8 2.9
8 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 4. Birth and fertility rates, by Hispanic origin of mother: Total of 11 States, 19B5

Origin of mother

/-/isparr/c

All Puerto Other NonMeasure orlglns Total Mexican Rican Cuban Hispanic~ Hispanic2

Blrthrate3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,5 23,3 23.8 18.2 10.5 29.8 15.4

Fertlllty rate4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,,, ,. .,,.,., 68,8 94,0 98.5 66.5 51.2 109.0 64.6

1 Includes Central and South Amerman and other and unknown Hlspan!c or!gln.

‘Includes or!gln not stated.

3Rate per 1,000 total population,

4Rate per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years.

NOTE The 11 States are Arizona, California, Colorsdo, Florida, Ill(nom, Ind!ana, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, and Texas

Table 5. Live births by age and Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin: Total of 23 repofiing States

and the District of Columbia, 1985

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown

Age of mother origins~ Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

Alleges . . . . . . . . . . . 2,298,287

Under 15 years. 6,391

15-19 years ..,,... 288,089

15 years . . . . . . . . . 15,701

16 years......,.. 33,416

17 years . . . . . . . . . 55,097

18 years . . . . . . . . . 79,361

19 years......,.. 104,514

20-24 years . . . . . . 696,527

25–29 years . . . 726,444

30–34 years 425,504

35–39 years. 135,929

40-44 years . 18,644

45–49 years . 759

372,814

1,250

60,262

3,401

7,376

I 1,948

16,62 I

20,916

124,590

103,815

56,842

21,788

4,088

179

242,976

885

41,589

2,413

5,121

8,316

11,498

14,241

82,144

66,218

35,612

13,643

2,765

120

35,147

162

7,186

439

898

1,486

1,905

2,458

12,425

8,761

4,524

1,776

298

15

10,024

14

693

26

69

111

197

290

3,314

3,349

1,911

616

118

9

40,985

52

3,294

111

284

529

924

1,446

11,974

13,385

8,350

3,361

547

22

43,682

137

7,500

412

1,004

1,506

2,097

2,481

14,733

12,102

6,445

2,392

360

13

1,841,641

4,933

217,799

11,757

24,884

41,283

59,944

79,931

647,907

596,526

351,695

108,410

13,819

552

1,384,671

1,414

132,510

5,012

13,099

24,243

37,240

52,916

404,385

473,864

279,565

82,737

9,890

306

350,108

3,397

77,548

6,367

11,006

15,640

20,367

24,168

119,143

87,371

44,911

15,256

2,365

117

1Includes orlgln not stated.

‘Includes races other than whine and black
Table 6. Percent of births with selected characteristic, by Hispanic origin of mother and by race of child for mothers of non-Hispanic origin:

Total of 23 reporting States and the District of Columbia, 1985

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

Ail Puerto and South unknown

Characteristic originsl Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 White Black

First births . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.4 36.2 33.8 40.6 45.4 40.0

Fourth and higher order births. . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 15.8 18.4 11.9 5.5

Births to unmarried mothers . . . . . . . . . . . .

11.0

22.9 29.5 25.7 51.1 16.1 34.9

Mothers completing 12 years or more

ofschoo13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7B.5 55.5 41.0 53.4 78.9 63.0

Mothers born in United States . . . . . . . . . . 84.0 45.4 47.3 51.1 11.7 2.5

Prenatal care:

Beginning in Ist trimester. . . . . . . . . . . . 74.5 61.2 60.0 58.3 82.5 60.6

Beginning in 3d trimester or no care . . . 6.6 12.4 12.9 15.5 3.7 12.5

Births of low birth weigh@. , , , . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.2 5.8 8.7 6.0 5.7

Born prior to37weeks of gestation . . . . . . 10.0 10.8 10.8 12.6 9.0 10.1

1-minute Apgar scores less than 75 . . . . . . 9.4 8.3 8.6 7.7 6.3 7.2

5-minute Apgar scores less than 75 . . . . . . 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.3 1.5

40.6 42.3 43.2 39.3

11.2 9.1 7.5 14.1

31.1 21.6 12.1 61.0

63.5 80.6 84.3 66.9

78.6 91.4 95.4 92.0

65.8 77.1 81.5 60.5

9.4 5.4 4.0 10.7

6.8 6.9 5.6 12.4

10.1 9.8 7.9 17.3

10.1 9.5 8.9 11.9

1.6 1.8 1.5 3.1

Ilncludas ongln not stated.

‘Includea races other than white and black.

3Excludes data for California and Texas, which dld not report educational attainment.

4B!rth weight ofleasthan 2,500 grama15 lb.8 oz.).

5Exclude~ data for Ca[ifOrnia and Texss, which did not repOrt 1- and 5-minute Ap9ar ‘cores.
10 Monthly Vital Statistics Report

Table 7. Percent of titihsto teenage mothers andtomothers aged 20 years and over, by selected characteristics, Hispanic origin of mother,

and byraceof child for mothers of non- Hispanic origin: Total of23 reporting States andthe District of Columbia, 1985

Origin of mother

Hispanic Non-Hispanic

Central Other and

All Puerto and South unknown

Age of mother and characteristic origins 1 Total Mexican Rican Cuban American Hispanic Tota12 Wh\te Black

Under 20 years of age

Births to unmarried mothers . . . . . . 58.5

Mothers completing 12 years or more

ofschoo13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.3

Mothers born in United Statas. . . . . . . . ---

Prenatal care:

Beginning in Ist trimester . . . . . . . . . . .

Beginning in 3d trimester or no care . . .

Births of low birth weigh~ . . .“. . . . . . . . .

20 yesrs of age and over

Births to unmarried mothers . . . . . . . . . . .

Mothers comdetina 12 vears or more

1.B

3.4

9.3

7.7

ofschoo13. .’ . . .. ~. . ..’...... . . . . . . . . . 84.5

Mothers born in United States . . . . . . . . . . ---

Prenatal care:

Baginning in Ist trimester. . . . . . . . . . . 77.8

Beginning in 3d trimester or no care . . . 5.6

Births oflowbirth weigh~ . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5

51.9 45.8 73.9

26.5 22.3 24.7

61.7 60.6 65.4

47.1 47.3 45.4

17.8 17.7 21.4

7.6 7.2 9.5

25,1 21.5 45,1

61.1 45.0 61.2

42,2 44.4 47.3

64.0 62.7 61.7

11.4 11.9 13.9

5.9 5.5 8.5

37,2 59.1

34.3 35.6

33.B 7.6

61.5 46.3

6.7 18.9

6.9 7,0

14.5 32.B

82.4 64.9

10.0 2.0

84.1 61.8

3.5 11.9

6.0 5.6

62.5 60.4 42,5

30.7 38.6 40.6

90.2 --- ---

46.5 53.0 57.7

15.9 12.2 10.2

8.6 9.7 7.7

24.4 16.3 B.9

70.5 86.6 89.1

76.2 --- ---

69,8 BO.4 84.1

8.1 4.5 3.3

6.5 6.5 5.’4

90.2

35.4

. . .

45.5

15,4

13.3

52.3

76.8

. . .

65.0

9.3

12.1

llncludesorigln not stated.

21ncludes races other than white and black.

3Excludes data for California and Texas, which did not report educational attainment.

4Birthweight oflessthan 2,500 grama[5 lb. 80Z.).
Technical notes

Sources of data

Concurrent with the 1978 revision of the U.S. Standard

Certificate of Live Birth, the National Center for Health Statistics recommended that States add items to identify the Hispanic or ethnic origin of the newborn’s mother and father. In

1985, 23 States and the District of Columbia included questions on origin, selecting one of two basic formats. The fwst

format was an open-ended item to obtain the specific origin or

descent of each parent (for example, Italian, Mexican, German, Puerto Rican, English, or Cuban). The second format

was directed toward the Hispanic population and asked whether

the mother and father were of Spanish origin. If so, the specific

origin, such as Mexican, Puerto Rican, or Cuban, was to be

indicated.

Birth data shown in this report are based on 100 percent of

the births occurring in the 23 reporting States and the District

of Columbia. The data shown in the tables are for births to all

residents of the reporting area, regardless of where the births

occurred. Births occurring in nonreporting States to residents

of the reporting area are included in the “not stated” origin

category.

Racial classification

Racial designation in this report is that of the child, which

is determined from the race of the parents as entered on the

birth certificate. When the parents are of different races and

one parent is white, the child is assigned the other parent’s

race, When the parents are of different races and neither parent

is white, the child is assigned the father’s race with one exception-if the mother is Hawaiian or pti-Hawaiian, the child

is considered Hawaiian. When race is missing on the certificate for one parent, the child is assigned the race of the other

parent. When race is not reported for either parent, the child is

assigned the race of the child on the immediately preceding

record.

Population denominators

Birth and fertility rates for 1985 are based on estimates of

the Hispanic population from the Current Population Survey

(CPS). The populations used to compute the rates in this

report for 1985 were derived by averaging the C!PS estimates

for 1984 and 1986 because estimates of the Hispanic population for selected States and subgroups for 1985 are believed

questionable. Beginning with 1986, the CPS figures include

estimates of undocumented immigrants (U.S. Bureau of the

Census, 1987). The effect of this change maybe to reduce the

levels of the birth and fertility rates by about 1 percent.

Population estimates were provided for 11 States, including

Arizona, Californi~ Colorado, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, New

Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, and Texas. These

estimates were controlled to postcensal independent estimates

of the Hispanic population by age and sex for the United

States, baaed on 1980 census data. The population data are

based on small samples and may, therefore, be subject to substantial sampling error. Information on the derivation of these

estimates and the sampling error is presented in two U.S.

Bureau of the Census reports ( 1987, in press).

Computation of rates

In computing birth and fertility rates for this report, births

with not-stated origin of mother are included with non-Hispanic

births rather than being distributed. Thus, rates for the Hispanic population are underestimates of the true rates to the

extent that the births with not-stated origin of mother for the

1l-State area (2.9 percent) are actually to Hispanic mothers.

The population with not-stated origin has been imputed. The

effect on the rates is believed to be small.

Computation of percents and

percent distributions

Births with unknown live-birth order, nativity of mother,

educational attainment of mother, month of pregnancy in which

prenatal care began, birth weight, period of gestation, and 1-

and 5-minute Apgar scores were subtracted from total births

before percents and percent distributions were computed.
12 ~ Monthly Vital Statistics Repoti

Suggested citation

National Center for Health Statistics, S. J. Ventura. 1988. Births of Hispanic parentage, 1985.

Monthly Vital Statistics Report. Vol. 36, No. 11

Supp. DHHS Pub. No. (PHS) 88-1120. Public

Health Service. Hyattsville, Md.

Copyright information

This report may be reprinted without further

permission.
Vital and Health Statistics

series descriptions

SERIES 1.

SERIES 2.

SERIES 3.

SERIES 4.

SERIES 5.

SERIES 6.

SERIES 10.

SERIES 11.

SERIES

SERIES

2.

3.

SERIES 14.

Programs and Collection Procedures— Repons descnbmg

the general programs of the National Center for Health

sLStktlCS and its offices and dwsions and the data COI.

Iection methods used. They also include defmmons and

other material necessa~ for understanding the data.

Data Evaluation and Methods Research—Studies of new

statistical methodology including experimental tests of

new survey methods, studies of vital statrsttcs collection

methods, new analytical techniques, objectwe evaluations

of reliability of collected data, and contributions to

statistical theory. Studies also Include comp.?mson of

U.S. methodology with those of other countries.

Analytical and Epidamiological Studias-Reports presenting analytical or Interpretive studies based on vital

and health statistics, carrying the analysw further than

the exposlto~ types of reports in the other series.

Documents and Committaa Raports-Final reports of

major committees concerned wtth wtal and health statwttcs and documents such as recommended model vital

registration laws and revised birth and death certificates.

Comparative International Vital and Health Statistics

Raports-Analytical and descriptive reports comparing

U.S. vital and health statmtics with those of other countries.

Cognition and Survay Measurament— Reports from the

National Laboratoy for Collaborative Research m Cognition and Survey Measurement using methods of cognitwe

science to design, evaluate, and test survey instruments.

Data From the National Health Interview Survey-Stat wtics on illness, accidental injuries, disablllty, use of hospital, medical, dental, and other services, and other

health-related topics, all based on data collected in the

continuing national household mterwew survey,

Data From the National Health Examination Survey and

tha National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey—

Data from direct examination, testing, and measurement

of national samples of the civilian nonlnstltutlonallzed

population provide the basis for (1) estimates of the

medically defined prevalence of specific dw.eases in the

United States and the distributions of the population

with respect to physical, physiological, and psychological characteristics and (2) analysls of relationships

among the various measurements without reference to

an explicit finite universe of persons.

Data From tha Institutionalizad Population Surveys-Discontinued In 1975. Reports from these surveys are included in Series 13.

Data on Health Resources Utilization—Statw.tics on the

utilization of health manpower and facilities providing

long-term care, ambulatory care, hospital care, and family

planning services.

Data on Health Resources: Manpower and Facilities—

Statistics on the numbers, geographic dwtnbution, and

characteristics of health resources including physlctans,

dentists, nurses, other health occupations, hospitals,

nursing homes, and outpatient facilities.

SERIES 15.

SERIES 16.

SERIES 20.

SERIES 21.

SERIES 22,

SERIES 23.

SERIES 24.

Data From Special Surveys-Statistics on health and

health-ralated topics collected m special surveys that

are not a part of the continuing data systems of the

Nat[onal Center for Health Statistics.

Compilations of Advance Data From Vital and Health

Statistics—These reports prowde early release of data

from the National Center for Health Statistics’ health and

demographic surveys. Many of these releases are followed

by detailed reports m the Vnal and Health Statts.tics

Series.

Data on Mortality-Various statistics on mortality other

than as included In regular annual or monthly reports.

Special analyses by cause of death, age, and other demographic variables; geographic and time series analyses;

and statistics on characteristics of deaths not available

from the wtal records based on sample surveys of those

records.

Data on Natality, Marriage, and Divorce—Various statistics on natahty, marriage, and divorce other than as

Included in regular annual or monthly reports. Special

analyses by demographic variables; geographic and time

series analyses; studies of fertihty; and statistics on

characterwtlcs of births not available from the vital

records based on sample surveys of those records.

Data From the National Mortality and Natality Surveys—

Discontinued m 1975. Reports from these sample surveys

based on vital records are included in Sertes 20 and 21,

respectwely.

Data From the National Survey of Family Growth—

Statistics on fertility, family formation and dissolution,

family planning, and related maternal and infant health

topics denved from a periodic survey of a nationwide

probability sample of women 15-44 years of age.

Compilations of Data on Natality, Mortality, Marriage,

Divorce, and Induced Terminations of Pregnancy—Advance reports of births, deaths, marriages, and divorces

are based on final data from the National vita! Statistics

System and are publushed annually as supplements to the

Monthly Vital Statistics Report (MVSR). These reports are

followed by the publication of detailed data in Vital Statistics of the United States annual volumes. Other reports

Including reduced terminations of pregnancy issued periodically as supplements to the MVSR provide selected findings based on data from the National Vital Statistics

Sysitem end may be followed by detailed reports in Vital

and Health Stattstrcs Series.

For answers to questions about this report or for a Itst of titles of

reports published In these series, contact

Scientific and Technical information Branch

National Center for Health Stat&lcs

Centers for Disease Control

Public Health Serwce

Hyattsville, Md. 20782

301 –436-8500
US DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND

HUMAN SERVICES

Pubhc Health Service

Centers for Olsease Control

National Center for Health Stat@cs

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DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 89-1952, Series 24, No. 2