Water-Supply and Irrigation Paper No. 190 Series 0, Underground Waters, 67 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR

UNDERGROUND WATERS

OF

COASTAL PLAIN OF TEXAS

BY

THOMAS U. TAYLOR

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

1907

"IF
W«te>%|ply and Irrigation Pap«r Ho. 190 Series 0,

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR

UNDERGROUND WATERS

OF

COASTAL PLAIN OF TEXAS

BY

THOMAS IT. TAYLOR

WASHINGTON

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

190T

SEP 3 0 1907
CONTENTS.

Page.

Introduction............................................................. 1

Area covered...................................v...................... 1

Sources of data....................................................... 1

Geography of the region.................................................. 1

General statement........................................... ........ 1

Topography ......................................................... 2

Drainage ............................................................ 2

Geology ............................................................. 2

Underground waters, by counties.......................................... 2

Cameron County ........................................ ............. 3

Hidalgo County...................................................... 7

Starr County................x........................ ..............".. 8

Nueces County....................................................... 9

San Patricio County .................................................. 13

Refugio County ..................................^................... 13

Aransas County...................................................... 14

Calhoun County. ..................................................... 14

Victoria County...................................................... 15

Jackson County...................................................... 16

Matagorda County.................................................... 19

Wharton County..................................................... 19

Brazoria County.........................................'............. 21

Fort Bend County.................................................... 24

Harris County ....................................................... 24

Galveston County.................................................... 27

Chambers County.................................................... 30

Jefferson County........-.....-......................-..--..........'. 31

Orange County....................................................... 32

Zapata County ....................................................... 33

Duval County......................................................... 33

Live Oak County..................................................... 33

Bee County .......................................................... 34

Goliad County .............. ......................................... 34

Karnes County....................................................... 34

Dewitt County ..........._........................................... 34

Gonzales County................ .................................... 35

Lavaca County....................................................... 38

Fayette County ...................................................... 39

Colorado County ..................................................... 39

Austin County -...-..---.-.-....-....--..............-..--....-..---- 41

Waller County ....................................................... 41

- Washington County .................................................. 41

Grimes County........,...-..................-,..,-..-.....--...-.-.. 42

in
IV CONTENTS.

Underground waters, by counties Continued. Page.

Liberty County ....................................................... 43

Montgomery County ................................................. 44

Walker County....................................................... 46

San Jacinto County................................................... 46

Polk County ......................................................... 46

Hardin County........................................................ 47

Tyler County ........................................................ 48

Jasper County ....................................................... 48

Newton County ....................................................... 50

Webb County........................................................ ' 50

Maverick County.........---..-.......--...-...--....-....-.-..-..--. 51

Dimmit County ........................ .............................. 51

Zavalla County............................. ......................... 52

Lasalle County......-..-.-......--.......'...-.......--............... 53

McMullen County.................................................... 53

Frio County .........................................-..."............ 54

Atascosa County ..................................................... 55

Bexar County........................................................ 55

Wilson County....................................................... 57

Guadalupe County ................................................ .. 57

CaldwellCounty .....................................................' 57

Bastrop County ..-...--..-...---...-......-..-..--.....-........-.... 58

Lee County.......................................................... 58

Robertson County....-...--..........-....-.--.-.-.........-......... 58

Milam County ....................................................... 59

Burleson County --...-....-......-.............-...-....----...-.-.-- 60

Brazos County .............................. .....". ................... 61

Madison County-.-..---.........--...-........-...,.--.......-..---.. 62

Leon County-........................................................ 62

Freestone County ...... .............................................. 63

Houston County ..................................................... 63

Anderson County -....--............-..--..-.-...-..--..-.....-----.. 63

Limestone County.................................................... 63

Cherokee, Trinity, Angelina, San Augustine, and Sabine counties........ 63

Nacogdoches County..................... ........-.--.........-.-..-. 64

Shelby, Panola, and Rusk counties .................................... 65

Van Zandt and Rains counties ........................................ 65

Smith County......................................................... 66

Wood and Gregg counties............................................. 66

Upshur County ........... .......................................... 67

Harrison County ..................................................... 67

Marion County....................................................... . 67

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Page. 

PLATE I. A, A typical artesian well in the Texas Coastal Plain; _H, Artesian

well 4 miles south of Pearsall, Tex ............................. 1

II. Map showing location of artesian wells in the Texas Coastal Plain... 2

III. Artesian wells in Bio Grande embayment......................... 6
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

A. A TYPICAL ARTESIAN WELL IN THE TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN,

WATER-SUPPLY PAPER NO. 190 PL. I

B. ARTESIAN WELL 4 MILES SOUTH OF PEARSALL, TEX,
UNDERGROUND WATERS OF THE COASTAL 

PLAIN OF TEXAS.

By T. U. TAYLOR.

INTRODUCTION.

Area covered. The region to which this report relates includes the 

greater part of the Coastal Plain of Texas. It comprises an area 

about 150 miles wide, bordering the coast and extending across the 

entire State. According to R. T. Hill's classification it includes the 

" eastern" and "southern" provinces, and it is bordered on the west, 

from Del Rio to Colorado River, by the "Edwards Plateau/' and, 

from the Colorado River to the Arkansas State line, by the "Black 

Prairie." It includes the district lying between the coast and a line 

connecting Texarkana with Del Rio, through Cooper, Greenville, 

Corsicana, Cameron, Elgin, and San Antonio, an area of about 75,000 

square miles.

Sources of data. The information on which this report is based has 

been obtained partly by personal visits to the various localities and 

partly by correspondence. Information has been furnished by the 

following persons: B. M. Haberer, C. F. H. von Blucher, Randolph 

Robertson, F. W. Simonds, H. W. Harper, Ira H. Evans, Rudolph 

Kleberg, T. J. Lyne, G. Warnicke, R. D. Parker, O. M. Ball, Garland 

Miller, A. W. Seeligson, J. B. Armstrong, J. L. Ladd, Travis L. Smith, 

E. D. Dorchester, Geo. C. Herman, Geo. J. McManus, J. E. Broussard, 

and J. W. Sanders. The writer is also indebted to Mr. E. T. Dumble, 

former State geologist of Texas, for much valuable information.

GEOGRAPHY OF THE REGION.

General statement. The Coastal Plain of Texas is a continuation of 

the Atlantic Coastal Plain to the east, although in many features it 

differs from that area. In general it consists of a gently sloping plain, 

extending from a high or mountainous background to the Gulf. In 

the eastern part of Texas the Coastal Plain has the general character 

seen in other Southern States, but in its southwestern extension it 

becomes more or less modified, widening to the southwest in the

1
2 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

vicinity of the Rio Grande where there is a great embayment similar 

to that of Mississippi River. South of Colorado River there is a welldefined interior border to the Coastal Plain, but to the north of that 

stream the transition between the level and hilly lands is gradual.

Topography. The topography of the Texas Coastal Plain presents 

little variety. The surface rises gradually from the sea level at the 

coast to an elevation of 800 to 1,000 feet along the interior margin of 

the province. The portion of the plain bordering the coast is characterized by a very level surface which, throughout extensive areas, is 

scarcely broken, except by a few shallow drainage ways. The highest 

land along the coast is at Corpus Christi, where the bluffs rise to 40 to 60 

feet above sea level. Toward the interior the surface of the plain 

becomes more diversified, developing into rolling hills which increase 

in number and prominence toward the western margin of the province.

Drainage. The Texas Coastal Plain is traversed by many streams. 

The largest of these are the Neches, Trinity, Brazos, Colorado, and 

Nueces rivers. Of all these streams only the Brazos enters the Gulf 

directly, the others emptying into lagoons or bays. South of the 

Nueces the drainage is not completely developed and the entire area 

between this stream and the Rio Grande contains only two small 

creeks, the San Fernando and Olmos, which unite to form Capano 

Bay. The larger streams of the area are generally narrow and deep, 

with feeble currents. Near the shore many of them expand into 

broad, shallow lakes entering the Gulf through shallow bays. While 

there are many streams in the Texas Coastal Plain, much of its surface 

is poorly drained, and in places water stands in lakes or ponds throughout the year.

GEOLOGY.

The Texas Coastal Plain is developed on. a great thickness of soft 

rocks, sands, gravel, clays, and loams in general spread in thin but 

more or less extensive beds which dip very gently to the east. These 

sediments have a thickness of several thousand feet and are composed 

of alternating porous and impervious members, producing ideal 

artesian conditions. Over the greater part of the area the rocks are 

of Tertiary age, but along the interior border Upper Cretaceous sediments appear.

UNDERGROUND WATERS, BY COUNTIES.

General statement. During recent years the underground-water 

resources of the Texas Coastal Plain have become of considerable 

economic importance. Ground water, which is usually abundant 

throughout the district, has been used for many years for general 

domestic purposes, and small irrigation plants in a few instances have 

derived their water supply from this source. Within recent years
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER NO. 190 PL. II

ARTESIAN WELLS

OF THE

COASTAL PLAIN OP? TEXAS

BY 

T. U. TAYLOE

EXPLANATION

vArtesian! wells ( representative) 

o.Deep wells

Unsuccessful borings

fJjir^^^A ,

/ S T A R K / 

MAP SHOWING LOCATION OF ARTESIAN WELLS IN THE TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.
CAMERON COUNTY. 6

artesian wells have been obtained in various parts of the region. 

Some of these furnish flows adequate for considerable irrigation. 

Tliree of the larger cities in the region, Houston, Galveston, and San 

Antonio, derive their entire city water supply from artesian sources. 

At Houston the city water is supplied by 60 flowing wells, while at 

Galveston and San Antonio 15 and 30 wells, respectively, furnish the 

required amounts. In the vicinity of El Campo, Chesterville, and 

East Bernard shallow artesian wells are employed to a considerable 

extent for rice irrigation, especially where small crops are raised. In 

the vicinity oi Webster, in the southern part of Harris County, the 

flow of several ordinary surface wells has been increased, by pumping, 

to such an extent as to furnish water for the irrigation of 60 to 100 

acres of rice. The depth at which artesian water may be obtained 

in the Coastal Plain of Texas varies according to the locality. It 

ranges from a few feet to over 2,000 feet, but the average is about 

600 feet.

The amount of flow of these wells varies from 20 to 1,600 gallons a 

minute. A typical artesian well of this district is shown in PI. I. 

The water is more or less mineralized, but with few exceptions the 

dissolved salts are neither objectionable for domestic purposes nor 

deleterious to plant growth. The general distribution of artesian 

wells of the Coastal Plain of Texas is shown in PI. II.

In the following discussion the underground-water resources of the 

region will be described by counties.

CAMERON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The depths of the shallow wells of Cameron County 

vary from 20 to 100 feet, according to the locality. Along the coast 

water can usually be procured at depths of 20 to 30 feet, but, owing 

to the nearness of the sea, it is generally salty. To the north, along 

the bay, the wells are somewhat deeper, ranging from 20 to 60 feet, 

and in the western part of the county the deepest wells occur, some 

exceeding 100 feet. At Brownsville and in the immediate vicinity 

the average depth of shallow wells is about 30 feet.

Artesian wells. Artesian water is now obtained in the northern twothirds of this county, at depths which vary from 600 to 1,200 feet. 

There are about 150 flowing wells in the county. The flows of these 

wells vary from 50 to 1,000 gallons a minute, the average being about 

400 gallons. A group of artesian wells in the Rio Grande embayment 

is shown in PI. Ill (p. 6). The following is a list of artesian wells in 

Cameron County:
UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian -wells in Cameron County. 

THE KENEDY PASTURE COMPANY'S WELLS.

Name.

Do... ..............................................

Do.................................................

QnlorlQ

f^QQQ TVTntt

MifRm... ...................... :.......................

El Toro ................................................

Driller.

Win. Turcotte. .............

.....do......................

.....do.....................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do. ...... ...............

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do. ....... ..............

.....do......................

.....do.............'.........

.....do......................

.....do. .....................

W. P. Gano. ...............

.....do......................

.....do......................

N. G. Alien.................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do.......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

N. G. Alien.................

W. P. Gano. .............. .

.....do......................

.....do......................

Win. Turcotte. .............

.....do......................

W. P. Gano......... .......

Win. Turcotte. .............

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

W. P. Gano................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

W. P. Gano................

W. P. Gano................

.....do......................

Depth.

Feet. 

710

825

890

1,000

1,030

610

998

920

689

724-

645

710

700

751

1,019

720

1,120

1^.175

1,035

1,123

1,170

865

604

740

787

620

747

700

615

652

660

750

917

892

890

1,080

1,360

1,125

1,033

1,232

1,025

1,130

1,147

890

860

1,155

750

617

862

760

1,403

1,314

950

1,000

(»)

814

807

818

1,315

843

862

1,234

(a)

951

803

(«)

757

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons.

75

150

600

250

300

80

125

350

150

550

60

1,000

600

400

500

500

350

500

GOO

450

500

450

300

450

800

700

600

500

300

450

400

300

200

250

300

250

600

550

500

125

350

300

700

70

350

110

400

315

115

450

600

350

350

350

200

275

285

400

300

160

350

350

350

250

a In progress.
CAMERON COUNTY.

Artesian ive-lls in Cameron County Continued.

LOWER KING RANCH.

Name.

Vieja. ..................................................

Driller.

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

J. C. Curry.................

.....do. .....................

Depth.

Feet. 

530

682

747

382

668

1,364

851

838

719

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

70

12

200

75

35

60

300

300

50

MAJ. J. B. ARMSTRONG'S WELLS.

El Ruco ...............................................

Tokio.... ..............................................

Los Tollidos. ..........................................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

490

500

830

770

568

730

805

857

830

780

893

(0)

20

20

150

75

60

100

150

108

160

150

a In progress. 

Record of Atravesada well, on Kenedy ranch, Cameron County.

Feet.

Surface soil .................................................. 0 - 1|

White sand, salty. ............................................ 1^- 10

White sand .................................................. 10-35

Fresh- water seep ............................................ 35 - 45

Blue clay and bowlders ....................................... 45 - 50

Sand and bowlders .......................................... 50 - 80

Cemented shells ................................ ^. ........... 80 - 82

Sand ...........................................'............ 82-90

Sand and bowlders ..'........................................ 90 -100

Cemented shells .............................................. 100 -103

Clay bowlders ............................................... 103 -110

Blue and brown clay ......................................... 110 -140

Brown to buff clay .......................................... 140 -265

Cemented shells, scallop shaped . .............................. 265 -320

Brown to buff clay .......................................... 320 -330

Soft sand rock ................................................ 330 -335

Hard sand rock .............................................. 335 -360

Tough clay. .................................................. 360 -380

Hard rock. ................................................... 380 -380%

Clay ......................................................... 380|-400

Hard rock. ................................................... 400 -400i

Clay ......................................................... 400i-420

Rock ....................................................... 420 -422

Clay ......................................................... 422 -440

Rock ....................................................... 440 -440^

Fine-grained bluish rock ...................................... 440^-460

Stiff brownish clay ........................................... 460 -470

Light-brown clay and sand ........................ .... J ....... 470 -555

Sand ....................................................... 555 -615
UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

	Feet. 

Very hard gumbo........................................... 615- 640

Reddish gumbo............................................ 640- 694

Rock..................................................... 694- 696

Clay....................................................... 696- 700

Water-bearing sand; strong flow............................. 700- 720

Red clay................................................... 720- 765

Hard red clay.............................................. 765- 860

Record of well at. Sauz ranch., Cameron County.

	Feet.

Pale-red, sandy clay........................................ 0- 15

Sand....................................................... 15- 30

Very pale-red clay, sandy ................................... 30- 50

Sand containing hard layers ................................. 50- 250

Sand with very soft blue clay................................ 250- 315

Sand and bluish clay ....................................... 315- 500

Sandstone.................................................. 500- 512

Yellow sand................................................ 512- 517

Sandstone.................................................. 517- 525

Sand....................................................... 525- 529

Very hard bluish rock...................................... 529- 699

Rock and clay............................................. 699- 729

Red and blue clay with hard layers.......................... 729- 899

Bluish clay with red layers................................. 899- 989

Reddish and greenish clay................................. 989-1, 099

Sand..................................................... 1,099-1,104

Record of Ovejas well, 8 miles east of Sauz ranch, Cameron County.

	Feet. 

Soil and clay............................................... 0- 10

Sand and clay.............................................. 10- 53

Clay and sand in hard and soft layers........................ 53- ' 68

Sand....................................................... 68- 81

White clay and gravels (" Equus beds")............ ......... 81- 115

Sandy clay and sand rock.................................. 115- 134

Sand and sandstone......................................... 134- 185

Clay and sandstone......................................... 185- 208

Sand....................................................... 208- 225

Blue clay.................................................. 225- 278

Sand....................................................... 278- 290

Sand and sandstone......................................... 290- 378

Blue clay.................................................. 378- 408

Coarse sand................................................ 408- 421

Clay containing hard layers. . ............................... 421- 442-

Sandstone.................................................. 442- 450

Sand..................................................... 450- 470

 White clay................................................. 470- 476

Sand ...................................................... 476- 490

Bluish clay............................................... 490- 520

Sand and sandstone......................................... 520- 532

Bluish clay............................................... 532- 551

Sand and sandstone......................................... 551- 560

Blue clay.................................................. 560- 585

Sandy clay................................................. 585- 596

Very fine sand ............................................. 596- 613

Sand and sandstone......................................... 613- 630
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NO. 190 PL. Ill

ARTESlHN WELLS IN RIO GRANGE EMBAYMENT.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES.

HIDALGO COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is procured from, wells in Hidalgo County at 

depths varying from 25 feet on the lower ground to 150 feet on the 

highlands. An abundant supply is usually obtained.

Artesian wells. During the last few years many successful artesian 

wells have been bored in the northern half of Hidalgo County. These 

are located mainly on the Lasater, Sullivan, Armstrong, Ward & Russell, and King ranches. In January, 1906, information had been 

obtained of about 60 of these wells, but there are others about whicn 

no data are available. The following is a partial list of the wells, giving their depth and approximate flow.

Artesian wells in northern Hidalgo County. 

ED. C. LASATER RANCH.

Name.

No. 9. ..................................................

No. 4................................................. .

White Sulphur. ........................................

Driller.

O. S. Caldwpll ..............

do

Perrv Down s ....... . . . . .

.....do..

.....do..

Depth.

Feet. 

' 460 

438 

478 

484 

460

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

10 

35 

75 

75 

25

D. SULLIVAN RANCH.

Do................... . ........ . .....

Tula Twin. ............................................

Do.................................................

South Twin ............................ ...............

Do.......... ......................................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

742

1,008

820

630

630

350

530

530

400

600

800

300

400

500

200

150

WARD & RUSSELL RANCH.

No. 1 ...................................................

No. 2. ..................................................

No. 3... ................................................

No. 4....... ...................... ..... .......... . .

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

±500

±500

±500

1,008

Flows.

Do.

Do.

Do.

....Ao. .....................

.....do. ......... ...........

.....do......................

.....do.....................

382

530

719

668

747

75

70

50

35

200
UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

A chemical analysis of the water of the White Sulphur well (Lasater 

ranch) is given below:

Analysis of water from White Sulphur well, Lasater ranch, Hidalgo County.a

Parts per million.

Ammonium (NH4 )............. 0.04

Sodium (Na)................... 260.00

Magnesium (Mg).............. 29. 00

Calcium (Ca)................... 75. 00

Iron (Fe)..................... 2. 60

Chlorine (Cl).................. 380.00

Nitrate radicle (NO3 ).......... .02

Sulphate radicle (SO4 ) ......... 170. 00

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 ) ... 120.00

Silica (SiO2 ).................... 36.00

Organic matter................. 12. 00

1, 084. 66

Parts per million. 

Total solids at 105°............ 1, 090.00

Total solids ignited, dull redness. ....................... 1, 000.00

Loss on ignition............... 90.00

Albuminoid ammonia (NH3 ).. .01 

Free ammonia (NH3 )......... . 023

Nitrites..................... .007

Oxygen required.............. 4. 500

Temporary hardness.......... 140. 00

Permanent hardness.......... 68.00

STARR COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is generally obtained at shallow depths 

throughout Starr County, but along the Rio Grande a large portion 

of the inhabitants use river water.

Artesian wells. Artesian water is found in the northeastern part 

of the county, near the town of Falfurrias. The wells range in depth 

from 540 to 1,020 feet. In the deeper borings five distinct-water horizons are encountered, some of which have a capacity of 250 gallons a 

minute. The water is used extensively for irrigation; and during the 

last two years the progress in artesian irrigation has been very rapid. 

The following is a list of wells in Starr County:

Artesian wells in Starr County.

Name. Depth.

Feet. 

710

540

562

603

800

760

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons.

100

250

Qrt

30

75

Name.

Tank........................

Depth.

Feet. 

6119

810

756

1,020

700

664

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

100

150

100

80

110

75

« Analysis by H. W. Harper and B. 

April, 1903.

.rlascock, school of chemistry, University of Texas, Austin,
STAKE AND NUECES COUNTIES.

An analysis of the water from the Mes'quite well is given below:

Analysis of ivaterfrom Mesquite well, Lasater ranch, Starr County.a

Parts per million.

Ammonium (NH4 ) .............. 0.07

Sodium (Na) .................. 170.00

Magnesium (Mg) ............... .3

Calcium (Ca) . .... .\ ........... 38.00

Iron(Fe).. '.................... .1

Chlorine (Cl). .................. .4

Nitrate radicle (NO3) ........... None.

Sulphate radicle (SO4 )......... 39.00

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 ) ..... 150.00

Silica (Si02 ) ................ 18.00

Organic matter ................. 44.00

459.87

Parts per million.

Total solids at 105° ............ 680

Total solids ignited, dull redness. 610

Loss on ignition................ 70

Albuminoid ammonia (NIF9).... . 062

Free ammonia (NH3)............ . 006

Oxygen required. .............. 16

Temporary hardness. .......... 230

Permanent hardness........... 19

NUECES COUNTY.

Shallow wells. At most places throughout Nueces County water 

can be obtained at depths of 30 to 40 feet, but in the southern part of 

the county many of the shallow wells furnish brackish water. There 

are wells in the northern part of the county which range in depth from 

50 to 180 feet. The deepest of these penetrated a water-bearing sand 

which furnishes 60 gallons of water a minute. Throughout the eastern part of the county water is obtained at a depth of 35 to 40 feet, 

but much of it is saline. Along the west side of the county the 

wells 80 feet deep supply only a small amount of water, while those 

which have been bored to a depth of 150 feet afford an abundance, and 

in many of them the water rises to within 70 feet of the surface.

Artesian wells. Artesian water is secured throughout the southern 

two-thirds of this county at depths which vary from 490 to 1,240 feet. 

In the amount of flow these wells range from a few gallons to over 600 

gallons a minute. So far no flowing wells have been obtained north 

of the Texas and Mexico Railroad, although borings have been made 

at Alice, Robstown, and Corpus Christi. The northernmost of the 

successful wells in this county are on the Driscoll ranch. A list of the 

artesian wells, giving their depth, flow, and other data, follows.

a Analysis by H. W. Harper and C. Hartmann, school of chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, April, 

1903.
10 UNDERGROUND WATEK8 OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells in Nueces County. 

KING'S WELLS.

Name.

Palo Alto No. 1. .......................................

Palo Alto No. 2. .......................................

Fitch ..................................................

Chiltipin. ..............................................

Riflcon de Tio Pancho. ................................

McNeil .................................................

Weir...................................................

Alexander. .............................................

Penn ...................................................

Driller.

T. Herring. .................

.....do. .....................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do.........--.....-.--..

... ..do. .............. ......

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do. .....................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do...... ................

.....do.. ....................

.....do.. ....................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do. ........ .............

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do.. ........ ............

A. B. Fuller................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

.....do......................

R.J.Mills. ........ .........

T. Herring.................

A.B. Fuller................

.....do......................

W. J. House................

Depth.

Feet. 

552

704

535

470

456

475

396

402

474

495

590

545

550

795

840

928

874

1,085

905

948

764

720

447

427

989

913

565

560

423

525

591

615

570

655

574

680

640

540

480

550

700

578

506

465

410

635

397

1,050

805

630

620

626

616

625

609

600

610

628

630

640

(a)

632

626

650 

580

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

20

20

125

350

250

100

100

225

110

250

40

50

75

30

25

300

75

100

100

60

400

300

30

30

10

40

100

40

400

400

400

250

50

60

200

150

150

100

25

5

300

50

90

60

100

25

75

20

50

40

40

70

100

75

34

75

110

66

100

75

150 

40

o In progress.
NUECES COUNTY. 11

Artesian wells in Nueces County Continued.

SEELIGSON'S WELLS.

Name. Driller. Depth. Flow per 

minute.

Feet. Gallons. 

Las Luchas............................................ C. Premont................. 464 50

Balli................................................... .... .do...................... 633 65

Galveston ranch............................................do...................... 630

Lindero.....................................................do...................... 475 75

ANNA COLLINS'S WELLS.

Creek.................................................. White Bros................ 625 50

Mota........................................................ do...................... 825

Copita................................................. .....do...................... 918 150

Corner................................................. .... .do...................... 790 50

ROBERT DRISCOLL'S WELLS.

Palito Blanco.............................'............. Chas. P. Fox............... 612 150

Quates................................................. .....do...................... 653 100

--Dunn ranch............................................ Leary & Gano.............. 525 25

Do................................................. Thos". Fowler....................... 60

Do................................................. .... .do...................... ........ 100

ANDRES CANALES'S WELLS.

LaCabra.............................................. F. Resales.................. 440 80

Ranchito.............................................. .....do...................... 458 80

CHARLES WEIL'S WELL. 

Flowing well........................................... Leary & Gano.............. 558 35

RAGLAND & HERRING'S WELLS.

Flowing well........................................... T. Herring................. 470 100

Do................................................. W. C. Downing............. 499 60

TEXAS LAND AND CATTLE COMPANY'S LAURELES RANCH WELLS.

Shipping Pasture...................................... O. S. Caldwell.............. 1,130 40

San Vicente............................................ .... .do...................... 926 30

Santa Cruz............................................ ...,.do...................... 1,068 160

Mujeres................................................ J. McAlester................ 1,020 120

Rincon La Salle....................................... .....do...................... 1,240 240

Garcia................................................. .....do...................... 1,150 25

Rincon La Salle............................................do...................... 1,185 60

Headquarters...............................................do...................... 998 80

Rincon La Salle....................................... .....do...................... 1,295 35
12 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Record of Galveston well, Seeligson ranch, about 30 miles south of Alice, Nueces County

	Feet. 

Light-colored clay.............................................. 0- 19

Soft sandstone................................................. 19- 39

Very hard, white flinty rock. .................................. 39-' 119

Pink to yellowish clay.......................................... 119- 199

Reddish clay mixed with bowlders............................. 199- 359

Coarse gray sand.............................................. 359- 404

Sand and clay................................................. 404- 437

Sand and coarse gravel......................................... 437- 453

Sand and clay................................................. 453- 549

Sand and gravel............................................... 549- 569

Rock and sand in alternate layers.............................. 569- 589

Sand mixed with small pebbles................................ 589- 610

Fine-grained gray sand (water bearing, 10 gallons per minute) ..... 610- 631

White calcareous clay.......................................... 631- 686

Hard clay containing bowlders................................. 686- 736

Gray sandstone..........._.................,.................. 736- 756

Blue clay...................................................... 756- 776

Blue clay with yellow spots.................................... 776- 816

Blue clay, fine grained......................................... 816- 856

White clay with yellow spots (not water bearing)................ 856-1,001

Analysis of water from Santa Clara -well, on King's ranch, Nueces County.a

Parts per million.

Ammonium (NH)................ .01

Potassium (K).................. 11.00

Sodium (Na)..................... 130.00

Magnesium (Mg)................ 16. 00

Calcium (Ca) .................... 35.00

Iron (Fe)... .................... 2.00

Chlorine (Cl).................... 140.00

Nitrate radicle (NO3)............. .05

Sulphate radicle (SO4 ) .......... 140.00

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 ) ..... 140.00

Silica (SiO2)........... .......... 24.00

Organic matter................... 40. 00

Parts per milliom. 

Total solids at 105° .............. 680

To talbolids ignited, dull redness. 600 

Loss on ignition................. 80

Albuminoid ammonia (NH3 ).... .014

Free ammonia (NH3 )........... None.

Nitrates....................... .05

Nitrites........................ None.

Oxygen required................ 13

Temporary hardness............ 260

Permanent hardness............ None.

678.06

"Analysis by H. W. Harper and E. Anderson, school of chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, 

April, 1903.
SAN PATRICIO AND REFFGIO COUNTIES. 13

Analysis of water from Balli well, Sedigson ranch, Nueces County.a

Parts per million.

Ammonium (NH4)............. 0.08

Potassium (K)................ 8. 30

Sodium (Na)................... 270.00

Magnesium (Mg).............. .90

Calcium (Ca)................... 69.00

Iron (Fe)..................... 2. 00

CMorine (Cl).................. 250. 00

Nitrate radicle {NO3 ) ......... .01

Sufphate radicle (SO4) ........ 250.00

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 ) ... 180.00

Silica (SiO2)................... 33.00

Organic matter................. 78.00

1,141.29

Parts per million. 

Total solids at 105° ............ 1,080

Total solids ignited, dull rodness........................ 930

Loss on ignition ............. 150

Albuminoid ammonia (NH3 ).. .06 

Free ammonia (NH3 )......... . 014

Nitrates...................... .006

Temporary hardness.......... 210

Permanent hardness.......... 63

PATRICIO COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In San Patricio Comity the shallow wells vary in 

depth from 20 to 130 feet, and they usually furnish a large supply of 

water.

Artesian wells. Only a few artesian wells have been bored in this 

county. A partial list of these is given below:

Artesian tvells in San Patricio County.

Owner.

Coleman & Fulton ...................................................

S. G. Miller. ..........................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

983

290

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

60

Diameter.

Inches. 

41

BBFUGIO COTJ1SJTY.

Shallow wells. The depth of shallow wells in Refugio County varies 

from 10 to 60 feet, and they generally furnish a sufficient amount of 

water for ordinary domestic purposes.

Artesian wells. Information has been obtained of five artesian 

wells located on O'Coimor's ranch. The depth, flow, and approximate location of these wells are given in the following table:

"Analysis by H. W. Harper and Barney Brooks, school of chemistry, University of Texas, Austin, 

April, 1903.

IKK 190 07 2
14 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells in Refugio County.

Owner.

O'Connor. .............................. . ......

Do...................... .......................

Do...................... ........... . .......

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Depth.

Feet. 

946

826

1,204

972

1,000

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

60

175

175

40

Distance and direction from 

Anaqua.

7. 5 miles south, 5 miles west.

west.

ARANTSAS COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Aransas County, which borders the coast, water 

is obtained at depths varying from 25 to 80 feet.

Artesian wells. There are at present no artesian wells in this county, 

and as far as can be ascertained no prospecting has been done.

CALHOUN COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The average depth of shallow wells throughout 

Callioun County is 30 feet, and in most cases an abundant supply is 

obtained.

Artesian wells. There are 21 artesian wells in Calhoun County, 

mainly on the ranch of T. M. O'Connor. Their approximate location, 

together with other data, is given in the following table:

Artesian wells in Calhoun County.

Owner.

J. E. Shutt 6 ...............................................

H. C. Clark ........................ ........'. ................

Do..... .............. ...................................

Do.............. ........................................

Do......................................................

J. B. Watkins ..............................................

T. M. O'Connor: 

Oil...... .......... .....................................

BO£SV...... ...-----. ....... .. .....-----....--..

Salt flat ................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

380 

802 

496 

330 

360 

441 

442 

500 

366

780 

572 

570 

600 

540 

490 

480 

482

460 

480 

316 

315 

320 

H90

460 

1,484 

380 

275

420

 480 

480

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

Weak. 

63 

12

8

4 

(} 

9

Distance and direction 

from Point Lavaca.

4 miles northeast.

8 miles southeast. 

8 miles south. 

Do. 

4 miles south. 

5 miles south. 

7 miles southwest. 

9 miles south.

14 miles southeast. 

16 miles southeast. 

14 miles southea st. 

12 miles southeast. 

Do. 

14 miles southeast. 

Do. 

15 miles southeast. 

13 miles southeast. 

11 miles southeast, 

12 miles southeast 

10 miles south. 

11 miles south. 

15 miles south. 

Do. 

16 miles south. 

17 miles south. 

18 miles south. 

15 miles south. 

14 miles south. 

Do.

a piameter 1^ inches 6 Diameter 2 inches,
CALHOUN AND VICTORIA COUNTIES. 15

Record of well at Alligator Head, Calhoun County.a

	Feet. 

Surface soil................................................... 0- 3

Fine white quicksand....................................... 3- 21

White clay................................................... 21- 43

Greenish clay containing shells................................ 43- . 80

Gray sand.................................................. 80- 83

Hard yellowish clay.......................................... 83- 160

Coarse sand containing shells ................................ 160- 166

Hard clay containing shells................................... 166- 210

Sand....................................................... 210- 225

Hard clay containing oyster shells............................. 225- 320

Sand containing oyster shells................................. 320- 365

Blue clay containing a few shells. -............................ 365- 452

Coarse gray sand............................................ 452- 476

Conglomerate................................................ 476- 551

Gray sand.................................................. 551- 567

Conglomerate with layers of blue clay.......................... 567- 694

Gray sand, traces of oil........................................ 694- 704

Hard rock.................................................... 704- 707

Light sand, traces of oil....................................... 707- 710

Blue clay.................................................... 710- 713

Hard rock with soft layers.................................... 713- 725

Gray sand containing fragments of shells...................... 725- 767

"Shell concrete"............................................ 767- 887

Sand, water and oil bearing ................................... 887- 912

Conglomerate................................................ 912- 916

Gray sand.................................................. 916- 942

Blue clay containing bowlders and shells...................... 942-1, 008

Light-colored clay and fine gray sand in alternate layers........ 1, 008-1, 022

Blue clay.................................................... 1, 022-1, 039

Rock....................................................... 1,039-1, 042

Blue clay containing bowlders and shells....................... 1, 042-1,051

White sand, traces of oil...................................... 1, 051-1, 052

Blue clay with hard Idlers................................... 1, 052-1, 056

Light-colored clay with hard layers............................ 1, 056-1, 087

White sand, water bearing.................................... 1, 087-1, 097

Red and blue clay........................................... 1, 097-1, 230

Light-colored clay iron stained .............................. 1, 230-1, 462

Variegated clay............................................... 1,462-1,484

VICTORIA COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Shallow wells are obtained in Victoria County at 

depths varying from 30 feet in the southern part to 80 feet in the 

northern and western parts. 

Artesian wells. Information has been received of 17 artesian wells 

in this county. The majority of these wells are on the Keeran ranch 

in the watershed of Garcitas and Aranosa creeks. The following is a 

list giving their depth, flow, diameter, and approximate location:

o Furnished by J. D, Mitchell, Victoria, Tex.
16. UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells in Victoria County.

Owner.

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Do..............................................

Jno. T. Rusk. .......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

1,045

180

200

148

705

130

77

50 2°°

110

140

425

180

716

592

152

226

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

SO

10

10

en

00

Diameter.

Inches.

o

3

o

Location.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

south.

south.

Inez, 7 miles north.

JACKSON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is obtained in the eastern part of Jackson 

County at depths varying from 25 to 40 feet; in the southern and 

western parts from 40 to 60 feet; and in the northern part from 25 to 

45 feet.

Artesian wells. Artesian water has been found in this county south 

of the New York, Texas, and Mexican Railway, and it is believed by 

local observers that artesian water can be obtained almost anywhere 

in the northern part of the county. The following table gives a list 

of the wells, with their depth, flow, and approximate location.

Artesian wells in Jackson County.

Owner.

Do.......................................................

S. Mitchell............... ....................................

W. Westhoff .................................................

L. Ward .....................................................

R. E. Ward ..................................................

Do.......................................................

* Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Do.......................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

223

365

360

402

398

785

325

324

362

330

338

348

366

401

777

360

152

560

240

480

355

450

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons.

7

' 5

42

4

2

6

150

60

100

40

100

50

Location.

Edna, 10 miles southeast. 

Do.

Edna, 16 miles southeast. . Edna, 25 miles southeast. 

Edna, 14 miles southeast.

Caraneohue, 2 miles

east.

east.

south.

southeast.

east. 

Caraneohue, 5 miles

southwest.
JACKSON COUNTY. 17

A well owned by S. H. Beasley, drilled in 1903 close to the west 

bank of Navidad River, about 1 mile north of the crossing of the 

New York, Texas and Mexican Railway, has the following record:

Record of Beasley -well in central Jackson County.

	X GGt.

Sandy soil.................................................... 0- J

Red clay..................................................... J- 16

Red sand...........................................'........... 16 - 30

Red clay..................................................... 30 - 46

Rock......................................................... 46-47

Sand.......................................................... 47-55

Rock......................................................... 55-56

, Sand and red clay in alternate layers............................ 56 -120

Sand. ........................................................ 12fi -140

Rock......................................................... 140 -141

Sand.......................................................... 141 -223

Red clay and sand............................................ 223 -249

Rock......................................................... 249 -258J

Clay and rock................................................... 258J-268J

. Red clay..................................................... 268^-2701

Sand......................................................... 270J-2S5i

Rock..............................'........................... 285J-286

Red clay..................................................... 286 -287

Sand.................................................:....... 287 -289

Rock...........................................?............. 289 -290

Sand......................................................... 290 -311

Rock.......................................................... 311 -335J

White clay...................................................... 335|-339

Sand......................................................... 339 -361

Rock......................................................... 361 -387J

Sand......................................................... 387|-408i

Rock......................................................... 408J-411

Sand......................................................... 411 -414

Rock......................................................... 414 -424

Sand......................................................... 424 -465

Rock......................................................... 465 -469

Sand......................................................... 469 -479

Rock......................................................... 479 -481

Sand......................................................... 481 -498

Rock.............................................. 4 .......... 498 -510

Sand......................................................... 510 -521

Rock......................................................... 521 -525

Sand......................................................... 525 -545

Red clay..................................................... 545 -548

Sand......................................................... 548 -558

Red clay..................................................... 558 -566

Sand......................................................... 566 -586

Rock......................................................... 586 -596

Sand......................................................... 596 -640

Blue clay...................................................... 640 -650

Sand and clay in alternate layers............................... 650 -665

Rock......................................................... 665 -669

Sand.................................................... ...' 669 -675
18 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

	Feet. 

Rock...................................................... 675- 676

Sand and clay in alternate layers............................ 676- 695

Rock...................................................... 695- 698

Sand...................................................... 698- 771

Blue clay.....".............................................. 771- 777

Red sand................................................... 777- 799

Red clay.................................................. 799- 852

Red and blue clay.......................................... 852- 910

Red clay........'.......................................... 910- 950

White clay.................................................. 950- 995

Blue clay................................................... 995-1, 000

Sand...................................................... 1, 000-1, 007

Red clay.................................................. 1, 007-1, 009

Water-bearing sand........................................... 1, 009-1, 022

White clay.................................................. 1,022-1,038

Sand...................................................... 1, 038-1, 060

Clay........................................................ 1, 060-1,107

Soft mud................................................... 1,107-1,112

Red clay.................................................. 1,112-1,140

Rock...................................................... 1,140-1,144

Clay........................................................ 1,144-1,155

Rock...................................................... 1,155-1,156

Red clay.................................................. 1,156-1, 200

Soft mud................................................... 1, 200-1, 238

Rock..................:................................... 1, 238-1, 245

Soft mud................................................... 1, 245-1, 270

Clay........................................................ 1,270-1, 330

Sand, fine water bearer............^....................... 1, 330-1, 370

An artesian well owned by Russell Ward, 25 miles from Edna, in 

the southeast corner of Jackson County, has the following record:

Record of Ward artesian ivell in southeastern Jackson County.

Feet. 

Surface soil..................................................... 0- 10

Red clay....................................................... 10- 20

" Oyster shells ".................-................................... 20- 26

Red clay....................................................... 25-110

Fine sand, water bearing.......................................... 110-130

Blue clay........................................................ 130-155

Thin layer of rock.......................................................

Blue clay........................................................ 155-225

Soft black mud.................................................. 225-230

"Water sand" and gravel......................................... 230-260

Red and white clay............................................. 260-290

Layer of thin rock........................................................

Red and white clay............................................. 290-330

Sand arrd gravel, artesian water bearing............................ 330-365
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 19

MATAGORDA COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Matagorda County shallow wells are from 15 to 

30 feet deep.

Artesian wells. Artesian water has been secured at many places, 

especially in the southern part of the county. Data respecting these 

wells are given in the following table:

Artesian wells in Matagorda County.

Owner.

Do..............................

Do..............................

Do..............................

Do..............................

Do..............................

Do..............................

A. B. MayesOil Co. ................

C. C. Duson.........................

Tackett & Co . ......................

Ward Cattle Co .....................

L. Ward............................

Platner & Stoddard ................

Cane Belt Railroad .................

A. H. Pierce........................

Depth.

Feet. 

350

a 380

280 

280 

350 

336 

350 

465 

485 

6870

326 

530 

125 

460 

350 

326 

440

c81

460 

320 

444 

572 

620 

1,500

800 

1,100

Diameter.

Inches. 

4

4

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4 

4

6 

4 

3 

6 

4 

4 

2

4

6 

6 

2 

4 

4

--------1

Flow.

Per minute.

Gallons. 

50

15

10 

10 

50 

15 

60 

60 

50 

20

30 

75 

5 

100 

75 

25 

10

7

150 

40 

15 

60 

75 

0 

0 

0

Above 

surface.

Feet.

8

4

2

8 

3 

16 

15 

10 

10

.5

8 

2

20 

20

4

4 

4 

1.2 

4 

6

Location.

Bdy City, 25 miles southwest. 

Bay City, 22 miles southwest. 

Do. . 

Do. 

Do. 

Blessing. 

Blessing, 3 miles south. 

Palacios, 4 miles northeast. 

Palacios, 10 miles south. 

Matagorda, 5 miles northeast. 

Midfleld. 

Blessing, 1J miles west. 

Markham, 1 mile south. 

Palacios, 1 mile northwest. 

Palacios, 5 miles northwest 

Midfleld, 4 miles southwest. 

Wadsworth, 1.5 miles, southeast. 

Hawkinsville, 6 miles southeast. 

Bay City. 

Palacios. 

Bay City. 

Palacios. 

Do. 

Bay City, 9 miles north. 

Palacios. 

Ashby.

a Sulphur water at 280 feet; bored 100 feet farther and good water obtained. 

& Bored for oil; flows warm sulphur water, which is slightly saline.

c John T. Sargent has about 12 deep wells oij his ranch. They average about 80 feet in depth and 

the water rises within 2 feet of the surface.

WHARTOlSr COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Wharton County west of Colorado River water 

can be obtained from wells varying in depth from 15 to 30 feet. In 

the vicinity of El Campo many rice farms are supplied with water 

from shallow wells. Here the water-bearing sand lies about 15 feet 

below the surface. A pit 4 to 6 feet in diameter is dug to the waterbearing sand and in the bottom of this excavation three or four wells 

are drilled. These wells are all cased, and to the top of the casing 

centrifugal pumps, operated by engines on the surface, are attached. 

In this way a large supply of water is brought to the surface and used 

extensively in the irrigation of rice. The most successful shallowwell irrigation plants in Texas are in the vicinity of El Campo.

Artesian wells. On account of the shallow depth at which ground 

water can be secured, few attempts have been made to obtain artesian 

water. The only artesian well in the county of which a record has 

been kept is known as the Borden well and was drilled in 1892. It
20 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

is located near Pierce and has a depth of 1,509 feet. A complete 

record of the beds penetrated is given below:

Record of A. P. Borden ivell, Pierce station, Wharton County.

Feet.

Clay and sand.............................................. 0- 30

Red sand.................................................. 30- 35

Quicksand.................................................. 35- 43

Blue clay.................................................... 43- 53

Indurated sand.............................................. 53- 70

Yellow clay and sand........................................ 70- 100

Coarse sand.................................................. 100- 106

Red clay................................................... 106- 127

Clay and sand.............................................. 127- 191

Coarse sand.................................................. 191- 214

Fine sand......................................... ......... 214- 250

Red clay.................................................... 250- 254

Fine sand.................................................. 254- 270

Yellow clay................................................. 270- 280

Sand and clay............................................... 280- 300

Fine white sand............................................. 300- 373

Indurated sand, very hard.................................. 373- 383

Yellow sand................................................ 383- 385

Indurated sand, very hard.................................... 385- 410

Yellow sand mixed with thin layers of clay................... 410- 460

Sand, clay, and gravel j..................................... 460- 476

Indurated sand, very hard.................................... 476- 485

Indurated sand, soft and hard layers alternating............... 485- 529

Indurated sand, very hard. . ................................ 529-= 549

Red and white clay......................................... 549- 582

Fine white sand............................................... 582- 590

Indurated sand with soft layers.............................. 590- 612

Hard clay. ................................................ 612- 650

Very hard sandstone......................................... 650- 687

Limestone, very hard........................................ 687- 693

Very coarse sand............................................ 693- 696

Limestone, very hard........................................ 696- 700

White clay................................................. 700- 730

Very hard white clay ....................................... 730- 745

Soft mottled clay............................................. 745- 786

Red mottled clay.......................................... 786- 818

Red sand.................................................. 818- 838

Quicksand.................................................. 838- 850

Red clay................................................... 850- 890

Gray sand.................................................. 890- 920

Very hard white clay........................................ 920- 938

Gray sand.................................................. 938- 970

Indurated sand............................................ 970- 976

Fine gray sand.............................................. 976- 996

Hard clay. ................................................ 996-1,000

Hard gray sand............................................ 1, 000-1,010

White clay................................................. 1,010-1,015

White sand................................................ 1, 015-1,039

White clay................................................. 1,039-1,050

Very hard white day........................................ 1, Ob(M, 053
BRAZORIA COUNTY. 21

Feet. 

Rock....................................................... 1,053-1, 065

Very hard white clay........................................ 1, 065-1, 076

Sandstone and hard blue clay............................... 1, 076-1,128

Water-bearing sand, gray................................... 1,128-1,150

White clay................................................. 1,150-1,205

Red clay................................................... 1, 205-1, 359

Fine red sand............................................... 1, 359-1, 366

Red clay................................................... 1,366-1,450

White clay................................................. 1,450-1,470

White clay with sand......................................... 1,470-1, 509

In the southern part of Wharton County, near the Matagorda 

County line, there are two small artesian wells owned by the Texas 

Land and Cattle Company. These are 2-inch wells, 315 and 513 feet 

deep, respectively, the former having a flow of 1 gallon and the latter 

8 gallons a minute.

BRAZORIA COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Watei»is obtained from shallow wells throughout 

Brazoria County at depths which vary from 15 to 30 feet.

Artesian wells. Flowing wells are widely distributed throughout 

the county, on both the east and west sides of Brazos River. They 

vary considerably in depth, some being over 1,000 feet, and in the 

amount of flow they range from a few gallons to over 700 gallons a 

minute. The water is generally of good quality, but from a few wells 

saline flows have been reported.

Artesian wells in Brazoria County.

Owner.

Oil-mill site. ................................

S. H. Hudgins. . .............................

Do...................................... j.s.nogg. ..................................

Do................---.....-.-..-.-..-...

Do..........-...--.-..-......-..-.-.--..

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do. ................. ... r . ...............

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do. .....................................

J. P. Bryan................. _..'............_

Oil well ......................................

Do......................................

H. L. Skeets. ................................

R. Willis ....................................

W. H. Bush.... .............................

E. M. Miller .................................

Willis heirs..................................

Do......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

1,060

640

600

1,020

450

250

500

700

950

800

1,030

1,040

1,050

600

1,000

1 000

911

COS

1,200

CK(\

700

760

300

300

600

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

720

60

ISO

90

200

Slight.

....do...

100

100

Slight.

90

Slight.

Diameter.

Incites.

8

4

4

4

*i

o

o

10

10

10

10

4

8

6

01

6

12

Location.

Velasco, 3 miles eastwest. 

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Alvin.

Do.

Do.

Alvin.

west.
UNDERC4ROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Record of Arnold well No. 3, Columbia, Brazoria County.

Feet.

Surface soil, clay, and sand.......................-.---.--.-...- 0 - 85

Eock......................................................... 85 - 85J

Sand........................................................... 85J- 88

Eock......................................................... 88 - 89\

Oil sand....................................................... 89J-118

Clay........................................................... 118 -150

Eock......................................................... 150 -158

Blue clay...................................................... 158 -192

Soft rock. ..................................................... 192 -196

Sand......................................................... 196 -210

Soft rock...................................................... 210 -212

Blue clay...................................................... 212 -218

Soft rock...................................................... 218 -219

Blue clay...................................................... 219 -260

Soft lime rock................................................. 260 -261

Blue clay, very tough......................................... 261 -275

Eock (hard layer at 294 feet contains some gas)................. 275 -299

Hard rock. ....................................^............. 299 -315

Crystallized sand.............................................. 315 -328

Blue clay...................................................... 328 -333

Eock......................................................... 333 -338

Sand......................................................... 338 -343

Blue clay...................................................... 343 -346

Compact sand.................................................. 346 -354

1 Clay........................................................... 354 -368

Eock......................................................... 368 -370

Clay........................................................... 370 -395

Soft rock...................................................... 395 -397

Blue clay...................................................... 397 -405

Eock......................................................... 405 -406

Blue clay...................................................... 406 -428

Crystallized sand............................................... 428 -462

Blue clay, very hard and oil saturated.......................... 462 -484

Soft rock...................................................... 484 -486

Blue clay...................................................... 486 -510

Sand, very compact........................................... 510 -532

Eock, full of pyrites and shell................................... 532 -534

Sand, very compact........................................... 534 -574

Hard rock, conglomerate, pyrites, and lime; rock sulphur and 

shell....................^................................... 574 -582

Hard blue clay................................................ 582 -620

Eock, pyrites, sulphur, lime, volcanic crystals, and oil saturations. ........................................................ 620 -628

Blue clay...................................................... 628 -632

Eock with sand............................................... 632 -651

Sand......................................................... 651 -657

Eock ......................................................... 657 -675

Hard rock.................................................... 675 -676

Sand......................................................... 676 -678

Very hard rock................................................ 678 -680

Sand, color of oil............................................... 680 -681

Eock, very hard............................................... 681 -682

Sand......................................................... 682 -691
BEAZOEIA COUNTY. 23

	Feet. 

Blueday.................................................. 691 - 719

Sand..................................................... 719 - 723

Blue. clay.................................................. 723 - 729

Oil sand................................................... 729 - 734

Blue clay.................................................. 734 - 800

Sand....'...............................................'.. 800 - 835

Shell with some little showing of oil......................... 835 - 857

Blue clay, very thin strata full of shell...................... 857 - 858

Sand...;................................................. 858 - 870

Blue clay.................................................. 870 - 906

Crystallized sand........................................... 906 - 926

Rock..................................................... 926 - 936

Blue clay.................................................. 936 - 943

Sand....'._....................................._......... 943 - 970

Soft sandstone............................................. 970 - 971

Hard sandstone............................................ 971 - 973

Clay....................................................... 973 - 989

Sand.........I........................................... 989 -1, 002

Hard rock................................................ 1, 002 -1,004

Sand, fairly firm, contains fossil wood....................... 1, 004 -1,012

Hard clay. ................................t.................. 1, 012 -1,050

Sand with a little gas................................... >... 1, 050 -1,110

Blue clay.................................................. 1,110 -1,115

Sand........................................:............ 1,115 -1,136

Soft rock, or compact sand.................................. 1,136 -1, 214

Clay, blue with a greenish cast.

Record of well on lot 234, Hoskins Mound (midway between Velasco and Alviri), Brazoria

County.

Feet. 

Black surface clay............................................ 0- 4

Pale blue clay............................................... 4 - 12 '

Red clay..................................................... 12-25

Yellow loamy sand, rather fine................................. 25 - 45

Blue gumbo.................................................. 45 - 85

Bluf quicksand.............................................. 85 -130

Blue clay filled with small white shells......................... 130 -152

Blue quicksand........ ...................................... 152 -172

Blue gumbo, very tough....................................... 172 -233

Blue sand, fine grained, with black specks; first indication of oil. 233 -239 

Sand with nome clay.......................................... 239 -378

Blue sand, coarse, with black specks; some oil near bottom..... 378 -423

Blue clay with some small shells.............................. 423 -465

Coarse blue sand with black specks............................ 465 -500

Blue sand with some brown layers, contains iron pyrite and 

some small shells........................................... 500 -530

Soft blue clay with small shells................................. 530 -535

Blue clay with larger shells.................................... 535 -555

Blue clay with few shells...................................... 555 ^580

Blue gumbo, very tough; shells................................ 580 -595

Tough blue clay with few shells................................ 595 -628

Blue sand with gravel and some shells......................... 628 -632J

Blue sand with coarse black particles........................... 632|-642J

Blue clay with large shells..................................... 642J-654

Blue clay with shell fragments................................. 654 -674
24 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Feet. 

Blue sand, gravel with black particles; considerable gas........ 674 -684

Blue sand with many black particles; good show of oil from

688 to 692 feet............................................. 684 -692

Bluish sand, coarse; shows oil saturation........................ 692 -711

Tough blue clay containing shells............................. 711 -720

Tough blue gumbo containing bowlders........................ 720 -722

Blue clay and sand; show of oil................................ 722 -728

Blue clay with thin layers of sandstone......................... 728 -735

Tough blue gumbo............................................ 735 -755

Blue gumbo with thin layers of sandstone and limestone........ 755 -778

Blue sand with iron pyrites; some show of oil at 778 feet....... 778 -783

Tough blue gumbo with thin layers of sandstone and limestone;

considerable iron pyrites..................................... 783 -786

Blue gumbo with shells........................................ 786 -793

Sand with iron pyrites; "oil show"............................ 793 -794

Tough blue gumbo............................................ 794 -799

Very hard blue clay with rock 2 to 6 feet thick, mostly limestone. 799 -825

FORT BEND COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water in sufficient quantity for ordinaiy domestic 

purposes is obtained throughout Fort Bend County at depths of 

15 to 40 feet.

Deep wells. A few deep pump wells have been sunk. Two on the 

Cunningham farm near Sugar Land are 1,000 feet deep. The town 

of Richmond derives its water supply from a pump well 400 feetdeep. The following is a list of some of the deeper wells in this

region.

Deep wells in Fort Bend County.

Owner.

T W. House...........................................

Do.................................................

Do.................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

925

1,000

400

1,000

1,000

Capacity.

Gallons. 

GO

60

Location.

Arcola, 2 miles southwest.

Do.

HARRIS COUNTY.

Shallow weMs. Good shallow wells have been bored in Harris 

County, at Clodine, Erin, Katy, and Deepwater, and it is believed 

that wells of this character may be obtained throughout the county. 

In the vicinity of Clodine, on the rice farms of the Meadow Brook 

Company, the wells are generally 150 feet deep and 10 inches in 

diameter, the water rising within 15 to 20 feet of the surface. Wells 

on the J. H. O'Donnell farm, at Erin, are less than 100 feet deep 

and penetrate 46 feet of water-bearing sand. At Katy the two wells 

of J. E. Cabaniss are 93 and 94 feet deep.

Artesian wells. There are about 140 artesian wells in Harris 

County, 80 of these being at Houston, where the artesian water 

resources have been better developed than in any other part of the
HARRIS COUNTY. 25

State. The city water supply of Houston is derived from 60 artesian 

wells which have been drilled in an area of 14 acres lying on either 

side of Buffalo Bayou. The general distribution of these and other 

artesian wells in Harris County is shown in PI. II (p. 2), and the following tables contain all available information concerning them:

Artesian ivells in Harris County.

Owner.

A. L. Smith .................................

H. D. T. Wilson .............................

S. T. Nishimura. ............................

R. Brnce ....................................

City. ........................................

Do......................................

H. D. Alien..................................

J. G. Todd..................................

Alf Palm....................................

Citv. . .......................................

Clark & Co...... ............................

Do......................................

Tud Alien. ..................................

N. A. Baker. ................................

Q. A. Wooster . .............................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Col. Hill .....................................

P. H. West ..................................

A. G. Howell................................

Southern Pacific R. R .......................

H. E. Halladay.. ...... ..... ....'............

I. L. Pitts................. ..................

Chas. D. Alien. ..............................

G. Dogg. ....................................

F. E. Markley...............................

C. W . Hahl ..................................

Do......................................

B. F. Smith.................................

Fort Smith ..................................

H. F. V. Blender. ...........................

Do.........."............................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do.....................\................

Do.....................................

Do......................................

Do.....................................

Do......................................

Do.....................'................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

570

475

615

470

500

650

600

90

250

700

300

660

640

660

380

450

217

340

340

330

300

300

344

324

330

9QQ

310

180

210

659

CAT)

450

65

400 °40

88 ion

1 Cfl

300

OQQ

cnn

500 cnfi

800

180

242

Qflft

570

830

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons.

70

350

170

100

Flows

OK

9ftQ

104

4.QO

4fl

125

75

QK

45

175

Diameter.

Inches.

3

3

3

6

4

_

Location.

Do.

Do.

east.

Do.

Do.

Do.

east.

east.

west. 

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.
26 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells of waterworks at Houston, Harris County.

No. Depth. Diameter. No. Depth. Diameter. No. Depth. Diameter.

Feet. Inches. Feet. Inches. Feet. Inches.

140 15 20.............. 1S3J 4 38.............. 325 10

140 6 21.............. 314 8 39.............. 684 12

80 6 22.............. 703 8 40.............. 211

140 15 23.............. 692 8 41.............. 319

140 15 24.............. 192 6 42.............. 720 7

140 15 25.............. 204 6 43.............. 806

140 15 26.............. 802 8 44.............. 496.

154 6 27.............. 1,170 8 45.............. 800

312 8 28.............. 814 8 46.............. 1/185

328 6 29.............. 502 10 47.............. 2,018

130 6 30.............. 1,165 12 48.............. 1,214 S

328 4 31.............. 317 8 49.............. 1,305 8

292 8 32.............. 319 12 50..............] 1,280

292 8 33.............. 823 10 51.............. 936 8

460 8 | 34.............. 1,185 9 52.............. 936 8

460 6! 35.............. 1,171 12 53.............. 501

564 8 36.............. 292 8 54.............. 828

115 6 1 36.............. 314 12 ' 55.............. 635

493 8 |l 37... ........... 1,173 12 >

Record of well No. 28, Houston, Harris County.

Feet. 

Surface soil..................................................... "0- 30

Clay.............................................................. 30-44

Sand and rock.................................................. 44- 74

Clay............................................................. 74-89

Sand and gravel................................................. 89- 93

White clay...................................................... 93-137

Sand............................................................. 137-210

Clay and gravel................................................. 210-290

White sand and gravel, water hearing; hard to finish............... 290-316

Clay and gravel................................................. 316-356

Red sand........................................................ 356-393

Clay and gravel................................................. 393-456

White clay and gravel........................................... 456-496

Sand, clay, and gravel............................................ 496-514

Sand........................................................... 514-526

G ravel........................................................... 526-532

Clay............................................................. 532-570

Limestone....................................................... 570-571

Sand and gravel....................................'......'....... 571-585

Clay............................................................. 585-600

Hard rock....................................................... 600-602

Clay.............................................................. 602-608

Sand.. v ......................................................... 608-618

Clay. ............................................................ 618-658

Clay and gravel................................................. 658-668

Sand........................................................... 668-678

Clay and sand.................................................... 678-687

Sand........................................................... 687-705

Clay and gravel................................................. 705-745

Sand............................................................ 745-756

White clay....................................................... 756-772

Water-bearing sand............................................... 772-814
HARRIS AND GALVESTON COUNTIES. 27

Record of deep well at Houston, Harris County.

Feet.

Clay and sand............................................ 0 - 154

Sand, water bearing..................................... 154 - 161

Clay..................................................... 161 - 163

Sand ................................................... 163 - 210

Clay..................................................... 210 - 280

Saind ................................................... 280 - 312

Clay..................................................... 312 - 345

Rock..................................................... 345 - 345£

Sand..................................................... 345J- 350

Clay....................................................... 350 - 415

' Sand..................................................... 415- 420

Clay....................................................... 420 - 465

Sand..................................................... 465 - 502

Clay«L.................................................... 502 - 540

Sand..................................................... 540- 570

Clay....................................................... 570 - 605

Sand and gravel........................................... 605 - 643

Clay....................................................... 643 - 670

Sand and gravel........................................... 670 - 702

Clay......................................................... 702 - 745

Sand..................................................... 745 - 769

Clay....................................................... 769 - 779

Sand..................................................... 779 - 805

Clay........................................................ 805- 810

Sand..................................................... 810 - 835

Clay....................................................... 835 - 895

Sand....................................................... 895 - 940

Clay....................................................... 940 -1,134

Rock..................................................... 1,134 -1,137

Sand..................................................... 1,137 -1,179

Clay....................................................... 1,179 -1,236

Sand..................................................... 1, 236 -1,314

Rock....................................................... 1, 314 -1, 315

Clay....................................................... 1, 315 -1, 334

Sand..................................................... 1,334 -1, 368

Clay....................................................... 1, 368 -1,430

Sand and gravel........................................... 1,430 -1,470

Clay and rock.............................................. 1, 470 -1, 600

Rock with gas.............................................. 1, 600 -1, 605

Clay....................................................... 1,605 -1,895

Sand..................................................... 1, 895 -1, 907

Clay....................................................... 1, 907 -2,025

GAI/TESTO:N COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Galveston County the average depth of shallow 

wells is 25 feet.

Artesian wells. The log of the deep well at Galveston, bored about 

1892, clearly indicates that artesian water could be found in the coast 

region at much shallower depths than that reached by this boring. 

The record down to the water-bearing sand is given below. There are 

at present about 90 artesian wells in Galveston County. Their
28 TTJSfDEKGKOUJSfD WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

approximate location is shown in PI. II. The most important group 

of these wells is located 18 miles from Galveston, at Alta Loma, where 

30 wells have been drilled on both sides of the Santa Fe Railway 

track. The original contract for these wells specified that 33 wells 

should be bored and a supply of 5,000,000 gallons every twenty-four 

hours guaranteed. When 30 wells had been sunk, the yield was 

9,000,000 gallons every twenty-four hours, 4,000,000 gallons more 

than the contract amount. The wells are located in a line that trends 

nearly north and south, and there are about an equal number on each 

side of the railroad track. They are provided with pipes that connect 

with mains to a standpipe on the north side of the track. The wells 

are about 868 feet deep, and all receive their water from a bed of 

water-bearing sand 128 feet thick, which rests upon a layer\>f hard 

clay. This water horizon was encountered in all wells at a depth of 

740 to 750 feet, but some were not bored through the water-bearing 

sand. The following table shows the depths of wells on the south side 

of the railroad:

Partial list of wells at Alta Loma, Galvcston County.

No. Depth. Diameter. No. Depth. Depth. Diameter.

Feet. Incnes. Feet. Inches. Feet. Inches.

2............... 792 7 12.............. 788 5 22.............. 726 5

4............... 868 7 14.............. 800 5 24... .......... 733 5

6............... 793 7 16........ .... 838 5 26.............. 745 9

5 18. ............ 790 5

10............... 792 5 20.............. 775 5

Record of well at Alta Loma, Galveston County. a

Feet.

Surface soil. .................................................... 0- 4

Clay............................................................. 4-12

Quicksand...........................I.......................... 12- 18

Very red clay.................................................... 18- 25

Red quicksand.................................................. 25- 35

Clay............................................................. 35-37

Quicksand...................................................... 37- 40

Red and white clay............................................. 40-100

Sand, water bearing; no flow..................................... 100-123

White clay....................................................... 123-150

Red clay....................................................... 150-173

Very hard red clay................................................ 173-190

Hard and soft rlay............................................... 190-208

Soft red clay.................................................... 208-218

Hard clay................................'....................... 218-230

Quicksand...................................................... 230-385

Hard and soft white clay.......................................... 385-435

Soft white clay.................................................... 435-478

White sand and clay.............................................. 478-488

Very hard shell rock............................................. 488-489

White water-bearing sand; first flow............................... 489-494

Information furnished by E. H. Stobard.
GALVESTON COUNTY. 29

Hard white clay..........

Soft white clay...........

Hard and soft white clay. 

Hard white clay..........

Quicksand...............

Hard clay................

Soft clay..................

Hard and soft clay........

Sand and clay............

Hard white clay..........

Sand, water bearing......

Hard red clay.............

Feet. 

494-500 

500-514 

514-560 

560-590 

590-611 

611-620 

620-631 

631-703 

703-735 

735-740 

740-868 

868-

Artesian wells in Galveston Cmi.nty.

Owner.

W. H. Crawford. . ...........................

J. D. Ward ..................................

C. C. Pellit....... ...........................

F. Fonts ....................................

Mick Weeks. . ...............................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

C. H. Collier. ................................

A. W. Wilkerson. ...........................

Do......................................

C. R. Keifel.. ................................

Do......................................

Mrs. K. T. Wheeler. .........................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

W. F. Keitmeyer. . ..........................

Do......................................

Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe E. K ..........

Galveston, Houston and Henderson K. K... 

W. McClintoc........ .......................

Galveston, Houston and Northern R. R. . . .

Do......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

640

675

700

620

600

750

550

700

675

640

640

640

600

650

640

750

550

530

526

562

420

690

763

406

OAfl

306

60

88

88

763

180

710

230

433

500

763

576

720

600

914

867 

630

600 

725

912

640

644

872

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

200

la)

4

10

(»)

2

fa)

100

100

100

100

40

40

40

40

25

20

57

80

80

30

10

12

12

100

80

25

10

80

48

64

68

120

78

60

40

700 

50

55 

70

70

40

40

Diameter.

Inches.

8

6

6

6

6

2

3

41

3

2

2

2

2

3

2

3

3

3

3

2

3

2

3

3

3

10 

4

3

3

8

Location.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

west.

Do.

Do.

west. 

Hitchcock, 4 miles east, »t 

La Marque.

Edgewater.

Do.

Do.

<* Water rises 10 feet above surface. 

IKE 190 07 3

6 Water rises 8 feet above surface.
30 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Record of deep well at Galveston.

Pleistocene: Feet. 

Gray to buff sand........................................... 0- 46

Reddish-brown clay containing lenses of sandstone, quartz 

pebbles, nodules of dark-gray clay, and shell fragments...... 46- 63

Mottled red and blue clay containing shell fragments and in 

lower part lignitic material................................. 63-100

Gray sandy clay............................................ 100-110

Fine gray sand with fragments of lignite...................... 110-167

Buff-colored sandy clay...................................... 167-279

Fine gray sand with fragments of lignite...................... 279-305

Grayish-brown clay with fragments of lignite.................. 305-315

Fine sand, gray to buff, with fragments of lignite throughout 

bed and lower 35 feet slightly micaceous.................... 315-440

Grayish-brown clay with fragments of lignite, shells, corals, and 

claw of crustacean........................................ 440-458

Age doubtful:

Gray sandy clay, slightly micaceous. ......................... 458-468

Brownish-gray sandy clay.................................... 468-497

Fine light-gray clayey sand, micaceous....................... 497-575

Brownish-gray sandy clay.................................. 575-592

Gray sand, micaceous....................................... 592-612

Brownish sandy clay with shell fragments.................... 612-647

Light-gray sandy clay....................................... 647-674

Reddish-brown sandy clay with shell fragments .............. 674-706

Buff-colored sand, slightly micaceous.......................... 706-720

Brownish-gray clayey sand ................................... 720-737

Light-gray clayey sand, the lower 11 feet containing a few shell 

fragments and large pieces of lignite....................... 737-827

Coarse silver-gray sand, composed of angular fragments of translucent and smoky quartz not much water-worn (the waterbearing sand from which most of the city's water supply was 

derived previous to the utilization of the Alta Loma wells)... 827-882

This well was drilled to a depth of 3,070 feet, but practically no 

water-bearing sand of importance was found below 882 feet. The 

complete record is published in the Twenty-first Annual Report of the 

U. S. Geological Survey, part 7, pages 402-405.

CHAMBERS COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Beneath the surface soil in Chambers County there 

is a bed of sand which extends to a depth of 30 feet or more. In its 

lower part this sand contains an abundance of excellent water which 

is the source of supply for all shallow wells in the region.

Artesian wells. There are 17 artesian wells in Chambers County and 

their approximate location is indicated in PL II. At many places 

artesian water has been obtained, but it is salty in many cases, especially in wells near the bay.
CHAMBEE8 AND JEFFERSON COUNTIES. 31

Artesian wells in Chambers County.

Owner.

E. W. Barber. ...............................

Mat Fisher ..................................

Dr. N. Schilling. . ............................

Do. I ....................................

Do.......................................

W. D. Wilcox. ...............................

J. T. White a. ................................

Depth.

Feet. 

800 

550 

500 

700 

700 

375 

500 

400 

400 

380 

850 

1,720 

850 

800

1,000 

600

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

Flows 

35 

Flows. 

100 

100 

100 

100 

100

Location.

Mount Belvieu. 

Mount Belvieu, 10 miles south. 

Cedar Bayou. 

Do. 

Do. 

Mount Belvieu, 3 miles south. 

Mount Belvieu, 5 miles south. 

Anahuac, 4 miles north. 

Do. 

Wallisville. 

Anahuac, Turtle Bayou.

Double Bayou. 

Do. 

Double Bayou, 15 miles southeast. 

Double Bayou, 15 miles northeast. 

Near Stowell.

a Water salty.

JEFFERSON COUNTY.

i

Slia^low wells. The wells of,Jefferson County are very shallow, 

rangidg from 6 to 15 feet in depth. Many of those 6 feet deep furnish 

an abundance of water.

Artesian wells. Information has been obtained of about 31 artesian wells in this county, but such wells are not generally successful. 

Many of them have feeble flows, making it necessary to employ pumps 

to increase the discharge, while in other cases, where the flows are 

sufficiently large, the water is more or less salty. A large number of 

wells have been drilled for oil in the vicinity of Spindletop, south of 

Beaumont. The following is a list of artesian wells in Jefferson 

County, with other data concerning them. A record of the Stribling

well is also given.

Artesian wells in Jefferson County.

Owner.

W. C. Tyrrell ........................................

Port Arthur .........................................

J. W. Detony ........................................

D. N. Coflol. .........................................

Do...............................................

C. T. Heisig. . ........................................

Do...............................................

Do ...............................................

H. Aldridge ................ t .........................

Do...............................................

Do ...............................................

Do.......... .................................

R. P. Carroll. ..... .T. ................................

Hotel 6 ...............................................

J. F. Keith c .........................................

Depth.

Feet. 

180

430

450

620

530

450

260

230

306

ISO

200

230

18CT

150

190

135

180

135

178

267

180

653

280

745

796

1,065

534

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

Slight.

25

40

Slight.

Slight.

65

Slight.

Slight.

25

25

25

Slight.

Nu flow.

Slight.

Slight.

20

Slight.

20

20

20

45

25

30

150

100

10

Location.

Stowell, 2 miles east.

Beaumont.

Diameter, 3 inches. b Diameter, 4J inches. Diameter, 6 inches.
32 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Record of Stribling well, Sabine Pass, Jefferson County.

	Feet. 

Red clay.................................................. 0- 16

Red sand................................................... 16- 20

Red clay.................................................. 20- 60

White, sand................................................. 60- 80

Red clay.................................................. 80- 140

Coarse sand....................... ......................... 140- 170

Blue clay................................................... 170- 185

White sand................................................. 185- 220

Soft blue clay............................................... 220- 236

Fine white sand............................................ 236- 250

Hard blue clay............................................. 250- 260

White sand................................................. 260- 270

Blue clay................................................... 270- 355

White sand................................................. 355- 426

Blue clay................................................... 426- 442

Interbedded sand and clay..........."........................ 442- 500

White sand................................................. 500- 600

White sand with gravel at bottom........................... 600- 636

Blue clay with streaks of sand............................... 636- 740

Sand...................................................... 740- 764

Sand and coarse gravel, all colors............................ 764- 795

Hard sandstone............................................ 795- 796

Blue shale.................................................. 796- 854

Hard sandstone............................................ 854- 855J

Blue shale.................................................. 855£- 892

Sandstone .................................................. 892- 893

Fine white sand............................................ 893- 960

Soft blue clay............................................... 960-1,000

Fine white sand............................................ 1, 000-1, 260

Blue and white shale........................................ 1, 260-1, 270

Fine white sand............................................ 1, 270-1,360

White and blue clays....................................... 1, 360-1, 450

White sand................................................. 1, 450-1,490

Solid white and blue shale.................................. 1,490-1, 500

ORANGE COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The deepest of the shallow wells of Orange County 

are about 22 feet in depth, and a large supply of water is usually 

obtained.

Artesian wells. There are a few artesian wells at Orange, varying 

in depth from 400 to 800 feet. Their flows are moderate, but few 

exceeding 50 gallons a minute. A partial list of these wells is given 

below:
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 33

Artesian wells in Orange County.

Owner.

J. W. Link............ ......................

Do.....................................

Do......................................

W. A. Fletcher. .............................

Do......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

600 

467 

467 

500 

650 

480 

800 

740 

396 

435

Flow per 

minute.

Qallons. 

15 

21 

22 

10

52 

Slight. 

60

35

Diameter.

Inches.

4 

3

6

6 

82 

6

Location.

Orange. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Do. 

Orange, 9 miles northwest. 

8 miles from Beaumont. 

Echo. 

Echo, 1 mile from Sabine 

River.

ZAPATA COUNTY.

STiallow wells. Shallow wells are difficult to obtain in the northern 

part of Zapata County. Near the Rio Grande and along the eastern 

part of the county water can be obtained at moderate depths, but in 

the lower lands the depths of the wells vary from lOOxto 250 feet.

Artesian wells. No information has been received concerning the 

artesian conditions of this county.

DTJVAL, COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Wells in Duval County can be obtained at depths 

varying from 50 to 300 feet.

Artesian wells. No artesian wells have been reported from Duval 

County. Artesian water is found, however, in the southern part of 

Nueces County, in the northeastern part of Starr County and at 

Bruniville, on the'Texas and Mexican Railroad, in the eastern part of 

Webb County. The northern part of Duval County lies between 

two artesian districts; that at Kingsville, Nueces County, and that 

at Artesia, Lasalle County. Artesian water is also obtained in the 

region about 30 miles north of the northern boundary of Duval 

County.

LIVE OAK COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Shallow-well water is obtained in the southern and 

eastern parts of Live Oak County, at depths of 100 to 120 feet; in 

the western part at about 200 feet, and in the northern part at 300 

feet.
34 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells. Artesian water is found in the northern part of this 

county. The following table gives a list of the artesian wells:

Artesian wells in Lire Oak County.

Owner.

Geo. W. West .........................................

Do.................................................

Thos. R. T. North.....................................

C.T.Tom............................... . . .........

Mrs. B. McGloin. ......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

155 

226 

375 

450

150

Flow.

Slight . . 

Slight . . 

Small.. .

Flows . .

Location.

Oakville, 13 miles northwest.

Oakville. 

Oakvilie, 18 miles northwest. 

Near Mikeska.

o Water at 6 feet below surface.

BEE COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In the northern and southern parts of Bee County 

wells have an average depth of about 40 feet, in the eastern part about 

70 feet, and in the western part about 100 feet.

Artesian wells. No information has been obtained regarding the 

artesian condition of this county. There are at present no artesian 

wells in Bee County.

GOLIAD COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Goliad County water is found in shallow wells at 

depths varying from 50 to 125 feet.

Artesian wells. There are 110 artesian wells in this county. On the 

ranch of T. M. O'Connor, 6 miles south and 20 miles east of Goliad, on 

*;he head of Little Carco Creek, a boring was made to a depth of 1,446 

feet, but no artesian water was obtained.

KARNES COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Karnes County a good supply of water is obtained 

from shallow wells having the following average depths: In the northern part, 60 feet; in the eastern part, 80 feet; in the southern part, 90 

feet; in the western part, 120 feet.

Artesian wells. There are at present no artesian wells in Karnes 

County. At Karnes City a test well was sunk to a depth of 1,800 feet, 

but no artesian water was found. It is possible that more extensive 

prospecting in other parts of the county may result in the discovery of 

flows at shallower depths.

DEWITT COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Throughout Dewitt County shallow wells are 

obtained at an average depth -of about 55 feet. The principal water 

supply appears to lie in sheets, so that the depths of the wells vary 

according to the elevation of the surface.
DEWITT AND OONZALKS COUNTIES. 35

Artesian wells. The only artesian water thus far obtained in 

Dewitt County is at Yorktown and Yoakum. At Yorktown there 

were formerly 8 or 10 small artesian wells, flowing 5 gallons a minute 

and varying in depth from 50 to 60 feet, but at present only two of 

these flow, the others having been allowed to cave in or to become 

choked with sand at the bottom. The two wells which continue to 

flow are in the bed of Yorktown Creek. Many of the wells in the 

town show a strong artesian tendency, the water rising within 10 feet 

of the surface. At Yoakum several deep wells have been drilled and 

in nearly every case the water rises within a few feet of the surface, 

but no wells are recorded in which flows were obtained-. In the deepest well, 1,300 feet deep, the water is soft, relatively pure, and admirably suited for general domestic uses. It is noncorrosive and well 

adapted to boiler purposes. According to some analyses it contains 

only 42 grains of solid matter per gallon and no organic matter.

Record of H. G. Brown's artesian well, 7J miles southwest of Cuero, Dewitt County.

Feet. 

Red and yellow clay, with, cobblestone..................... 0 - 60

Hard rock, fine grained..................................... 60 - 120

Water-bearing sand......................................... 120 - 121

Gravel and clay, hardpan.................................... 121 - 181

Very hard gritty rock....................................... 181 - 202

Sandstone................................................ 202 - 365

Yellow clay and hard rock.................................. 365 - 490

Sand, water bearing....................................... 490 - 690J

Stratified rock.............................................. 690*- 710

Red, white, and blue clay.................................... 710 - 805

"Talc," with an occasional layer of red and blue clay........ 805 -1.050

Pale-blue "talc;" strong indications of ivater.............. .. 1, 050 -1,100

Clear glassy rock, soluble in acid; slacks if exposed to the air.. 1,100 -1,130

GONZALES COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The shallow wells of Gonzales County show considerable variation in depth, ranging from 20 to 80 feet.

Artesian wells. In the western part of Gonzales County the artesian water resources have been extensively developed. There are 125 

artesian wells in the vicinity of Leesville, Rancho, and Wrightsboro. 

They vary considerably in depth, ranging from 100 to 70.0 feet, and 

their maximum flow is 100 gallons a minute. The average flow, however, is much less than this, as shown in the following table, which 

contains a partial list of these wells, with their depth, flow, and approximate location.
UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COA.STAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells in Gonzdles County.

Post-office and owner.

Wrightsboro:

W. T. Mahon...... ................................

Do... ......................................... .

Do.............................................

Dewet:

Do... ..........................................

E.G. Perkins ...........:..........................

Leesville:

Do.............................................

W. F. McGlasson 6 .................................

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

Do.............. ...............................

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

W.M. Carr....... .................................

Otto MeNemar. ................................... 

J. A. Williams. ....................................

J. B. Wells. ........................................

Do.............................................

Do..........----.-......----......--.-......-..

Do. c........ ...................................

Do. <*..... ......................................

Do. t....... .................................... 

Do. f ...........................................

Do.............................................

Do. d. ..........................................

Do.............................................

Do. e... ........................................

Do.... .........................................

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

J. G. McGuffin......... _._......._..._._......._._.

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

Dr. J. M. Fly......................................

Do.............................................

Rancho: 

H. Wicke. .........................................

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

Distance and direction from 

post-office.

.....do. .....................

.....do......................

.....do. .................. -.

3 miles west-northwest .....

li miles north ..............

2 miles north ............... 

2J miles north ..............

2| miles northwest .........

.....do......................

600 yards north. ...........

2 miles north. ..............

Depth.

Feet. 

640

420

363

400±

316

408

347

269

290±

313

200±

311

528

500±

260±

300±

268±

231

222

527

176

600±

360-b

350±

212

284

216

470±

250±

448

500±

439 

400±

435 

480± 

400±

290±

250±

185

200±

180

200±

200±

200 

200

250

350

350

200

350

441

504

643

450

460

143

160

166

160

490

160±

250±

170±

170±

488

450±

200±

450

170

420

450

350

180

297

300

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

40

10

25

0

10

36

0

20+

10+

5+

3+

5

7

5

5

6

15

6

6

5

4

2

50

75

25

5

30

0

10

10-

40

20 

5

30

1 

5

1

10

5

40

5

50

100

40 

50

5

100

100

50

25

25

20

40

35

40

5

10

15

15

30

7

6

5

5

15

- 8

10

18

5

20

10

7

15

5

10

20

a, First water at 135 feet: second at 222. 

6 Four wells with 4-inch pipe casing, 

c Casing, 3-inch pipe.

d First water.

e Casing, 6-inch pipe.

/ Casing, 4-inch pipe.
GONZALES COUNTY. 37

Artesian ivells in Gonzales County Continued.

Post-office and owner.

Rancho Conti nued .

DO..................:...,................-......

Do.............................................

Do.............................................

I. W. Littleton. ...................................

S. W. Magee. ......................................

W. A. Williams. . ..................................

G. P. McDonald...................................

J. T. Nixon ........................................

Mrs. C. E. Hall. ...................................

D. C. Hall .........................................

Do.............................................

Miller & Sayers. ...................................

W. H. Magee......................................

J. L. Weber. .......................................

Do..........-..-.--.-.-.-........,.--..........

W. B. Clark. ......................................

Do.a. . .........................................

Distance and direction from 

post-office. Depth.

Feet. 

185

360

420

175

400

325

509

450

140

130

180

230

475

300

ii80

400

117

270

300

350

450

385

430

406

420

537

531

505

400

300

260

225

337

f 450

\ 700

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

30

5

20

10

12

15

10

6

10

4

10

5

15

5

6

7

10

1

25

10

20

15

10

15

3

40

30

7

5

15

13

6

25

a This well has two casings, one inside the other. The outer is 450 feet deep and furnishes salt 

water (25 gallons) and gas. The inner is 700 feet deep and furnishes good water.

The following is the record of a representative artesian well, situated on the Gentry ranch', on Sandy Fork of Peach Creek, 12 miles 

northeast of Gonzales.

Record of Charles Gentry's artesian well, Gonzales County.

Clay and flint bowlders.......................................

Rock.......................................................

Blue sand and clay.........................................

Blue clay, very little sand...................................

Hard sandstone, fine grained (10 inches of water sand at this 

depth; trace of oil; lignite plentiful).........................

Sand, water and oil bearing ...................................

White quartz................................................

Sandstone, nard, fine grained (trace of oil)......................

Blue clay....................................................

Sandstone (trace of oil)......................................

Black clay, containing decayed wood .........................

Sandstone (trace of oil)......................................

Blue marl...................................................

Quartz......................................................

Blue marl, spongy...........................................

Shale with soft strata.........................................

Hard blue sandstone..................... ....................

Feet.

0 - 45J 

45J- 46 

46 - 68 

68 -157

157 -195 

195 -195| 

195|-196i 

196^-218 

218 -220 

220 -222 

222 -228 

228 -263 

263 -285

285 -286

286 -304 

304 -321 

321 -339
38 UNDERGROUND WATERS Off TEXAS COASTAL JPLAIN.

Feet. 

Hard cement rock.............................................. 339-378

Clay, sand, and shell. ........................................... 378-380

Rock......................................................... 380-381

Clay, sand, and shell.......................................... 381-383

. Hard rock...................................................... 383-384

Clay and sand (trace of oil)..................................... 384-405

Dark blue clay and sandstone................................... 405-406

Clay and sand .................................................. 406-410

Clay and shell................................................. 410-463

Clay, little shell; thin hard rock at intervals...................... 463-501

Shells and clay................................................. 501-579

Clay and shell (water bearing)................................... 579-708

Hard rock...................................................... 708-709

LAVACA COUNTY.

ShaUow wells. An abundance of water is obtained in Lavaoa 

County from, wells which vary in depth from 30 to 40 feet.

Artesian wells. A number of good artesian wells have been obtained 

in Hallettsville and the surrounding country. In the wells at Hallettsville two flows have been found, one at 300 feet and the other at 

560 feet below the surface. The oil-mill well encountered the first 

flow at 320 feet, which furnished a supply of 45 gallons per minute, 

while the second flow at a depth of 560 feet furnished 88 gallons a 

minute. At Shiner a flowing well was obtained at a depth of 90 feet, 

which yielded 79 gallons a minute. The well was located on low 

ground and the water rose 6 feet above the surface. Several attempts 

to obtain water from this horizon on higher ground, in the vicinity of 

Shiner, have been unsuccessful, one boring being continued to a depth 

of 700 feet without striking a flow. The following is a list of the 

artesian wells in this county:

Artesian wells in Lavaca County.

Owner.

City......................................... DO..:...................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Oil mill..... .................................

Depth.

Feet. 

600

560

325

980

560

340

768

340

90

700

1,500

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

30

89

45

140

30

30

30

25

Failure.

....do...

Diameter.

Inches. 

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

Location.

Hallettsville.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

east.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 39

FAYETTE COUNTY. *

STiallow wells. Water in sufficient quantity for general domestic 

purposes is found in the northern and western parts of Fayette County 

at average depths of 60 feet, in the southern part at depths of 75 to 

100 feet, and in the eastern part at depths of 40 to 75 feet.

Artesian wells. There are 20 artesian wells in this county, including 

a few deep ones; the area in which the greatest number has been 

drilled lies north of Engle. The average depth of these wells varies 

from 200 to 300 feet and the maximum flow is 100 gallons a minute. 

The following is a list of the wells, including their depth, flow, and 

other data:

Artesian wells in Fayette County.

Owner.

John Sima. ................... ..............

Do......................................

J. A. Drozd.......... .......................

J. Sulak. ....................................

H. P. Schaeffer. .............................

C. Blaschke. .................................

Depth.

Feet. 

196

216

220

210

210

185

165

200

260

258

267

300 275

300

762

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

25

15

50

10

18

16

10

10

a 40

a 87

a43

«79

a54

« 79

(0)

Diameter.

Inches. 

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

2

6

6

5

3

3

3

10

Location.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

a. No flow; water rises to number of feet stated below surface of ground.

COLORADO COUNTY.

& Well caved in.

Shallow wells. Shallow wells in Colorado County are about 40 feet 

deep in the northern and western parts, 35 feet in the southern part, 

and 30 feet in the eastern part. East of Eagle Lake there are a number of wells 30 to 35 feet deep, which furnish a large supply of good 

water. Two wells supply water for 100 acres of rice, each acre of 

which requires 9 gallons a minute, and it is generally believed that a 

good rice well can be obtained at moderate depths in this county at 

any point east of Eagle Lake.
40 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells. So far as known the only artesian well in Colorado 

County is located on the' west bank of Colorado River at Columbus. 

This well was bored by the city for water supply, and it has maintained a steady but small flow for years. The water contains a small 

amount of gas. The record of this well is given below:

Record of artesian well at Columbus, Colorado County.

Feet. 

Sand and gravel................................................. 0- 29

Soft rock....................................................... 29-37

Fine gravel..................................................... 37- 41

Blue gravel...................................................... 41- 54

Yellow clay..................................................... 54- 99

Hard rock...................................................... 99-101

Yellow clay..................................................... 101-104

Conglomerate rock.............................................. 104-110

Yellow clay..................................................... 110-190

White sand, water bearing...................................... 190-198

Yellow clay..................................................... 198-210

Hard bowlders.................................................. 210-212

Yellow clay..................................................... 212-214

Red sandstone................................................. 214-220

Yellow clay..................................................... 220-221

Soft rock...................................................... 221-223

Yellow clay..................................................... 223-226

Concrete rock.................................................. 226-233

Light-red clay............ = ..................................... 233-280

Bowlder bed.................................................... 280-281

Yellow clay..................................................... 281-283

Bowlder rock................................................... 283-285

Yellow clay............:........................................ 285-289

Yellow sandstone............................................... 289-290

Yellow clay..................................................... 290-802

Hard sandstone................................................. 302-304

White clay..................................................... 304-309

Red sandstone................................................. 309-311

Light-yellow clay............................................... 311-319

Yellow sandstone............................................... 319-321

Yellow clay..................................................... 321-412

Slate and clay................................................. 412-454

Red, white, and blue clay...................................... 454-583

Blue sand; flowing water, 8 gallons a minute..................... 583-600

Hard blue clay.................................................. 600-620

Fine blue sand; flowing gas..................................... 620-633

Shells and old logs............................................. 633-637

Blue clay...................................................... 637-65^

White pottery clay.............................................. 658-675

Fine white sand; flowing water................................... 675-683

Red and blue clay............................................. 683-730

Hard rock...................................................... 730-739

Hard blue clay.................................................. 739-793

Fine blue sand, hard.......................... ............... . 793-807

Fine rock (bored into 19 feet).
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 41

AUSTIN COUNTY.

Shallow wells. A good supply of water is obtained from shallow 

wells in the western part of Austin County at an average depth of 30 

feet; in the southern part at 40 feet, in the eastern part at 60 feet, 

and in the northern part at about 50 feet.

Artesian wells. No artesian wells have been reported from this 

county, although it is probable that they can be obtained along

Brazos River.

WALLER COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Waller County shallow wells vary in depth from 

35 to 50 feet.

Artesian wells. Only a few artesian wells have been drilled in 

Waller County, the data of some of which are tabulated below. The 

most successful free-flowing wells are found near Brazos River.

Artesian wells in Waller County.

Owner.

J. C. Ralston. ...............................

Depth.

Feet. 

1,132

485

1,700

Flow per 

minute.

Oallons. 

110

40

15

Diameter.

Inches.

41

Location.

west.

Waller, 4 miles south.

WASHINGTON COUNTY. *

Shallow wells. A good supply of excellent water is obtained in 

Washington County, at various depths, ranging from 20 to 60 feet.

Artesian wells. Only a few artesian wells have been drilled in this 

county, a list of which is given below. It is probable that artesian 

water can be found in the eastern part of the county, in the Brazos 

bottom lands, but owing to the excellent supply of water from nonflowing wells few attempts have been made to develop artesian water.

A few years ago Heber Stone had a well drilled in Brenham to a 

depth of 1,500 feet, but no flowing water was obtained. The water 

rose in the well within 40 feet of the surface, and it is believed that 

wells penetrating the same water horizon in the Brazos bottom 

lands would yield flows. The city of Brenham derives its water 

supply from wells between 300 and 400 feet deep. The following is 

a list of the artesian wells in this county.

Artesian wells in Washington County.

Owner.

Do......................................

Depth.

Feet.

RA(\

340

CCA

Flow. Diameter.

Inches.

2

2

Location.

Old Washington.

east.
UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

GRIMES COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water from shallow wells is obtained in the eastern 

part of Grimes County at a depth of 30 feet; in the southern part, at 

35 feet; in the western part, along the Navasota, at 30 feet, and in 

the northern part at depths of 50 to 60 feet. 

Artesian wells. Good artesian water is obtained in and around 

Navasota and between Navasota and Brazos River. The following 

table shows the artesian wells of Grimes County:

Artesian wells in Grimes County.

Owner. Depth. Flow per 

minute.

Diameter. Location.

Feet. Gallons. Inches. 

R. A. Sangster.............................. 300 60 2 Navasota.

A. J. Sangster............................... 225 +15 .......... Navasota, J mile south.

Ice factory.......... . . ................... 2.50 +20 6 Navasota.

Mrs. Lewis Wilson............ ...... ..... 224 .................... Do.

August Horst............................... 1,000 .................... Do.

City waterworks............................ 97 .................... Do.

Shumaker.................. .. ........... 101

J. M. McCord.......... ..................... 850 Strong. 4 Courtiey, \ mile southeast.

Do....................-................: 900 Medium. 4 Courtly, f mile east.

Record of Navasota ivell, Grimes County.

Feet. 

Soil............................................................. 0- 2

Clay............................................................. 2- 18

Sand........................................................... 18-29

Blue clay........................................................ 29- 94

Slate........................................................... 94-114

Blue clay........................................................ 114-216

Rock........................................................... 216-220

Water sand..................................................... 220-237

Blue shale....................................................... 237-277

Rock........................................................... 277-280

Analysis of water from deep well at Navasota, Grimes County.a

Parts per million. Parts per million.

Sodium (Na)...................... 140.0 Carbonate radicle (CO8 )............ 168.0

Magnesium (Mg)................. 8.8 Sulphates of iron and alumuium... 15.0

Calcium (Ca)...................... 43.0 Organic matter.................... 38.0

Chlorine (Cl) ..................... 79.0 

Sulphate radicle (SO4)............ 41.0 532.8

a Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 43

LIBERTY COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water from shallow wells is secured throughout 

Liberty County at depths of 15 to 25 feet.

Artesian wells. The Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railroad has deep 

wells at Trinity River and Cleveland. Records of these wells and 

analyses of their waters are given below. The following table contains a list of flowing artesian wells drilled in Liberty County:

Flowing artesian wells in Liberty County.

Owner. Depth. Diameter.

Distance and direction from 

Liberty.

Feet. Inches.

J.T.Russell........................................... 290 .......... 4 mile south.

Do................................................. 300 .......... I mile southeast.

Southern Pacific R. R................................. 800 .......... 300 yards southeast.

Fisher................................................. 150 .......... 1 mile west.

Melon farm............................................ 240 .......... J mile south.

Do..................................... ........... 245 .......... Do.

Texas and New Orleans R. R............. ........... 576 6

Record of deep well at Trinity River, Liberty County.

Feet. .

Red clay....................................................... 0- 8

Sand........................................................... 8-38

Clay............................................................. 38- 60

Rock and clay................................................... 60-104

Quicksand...................................................... 104-117

Rock........................................................... 117-119

Clay............................................................ 119-121

Rock.....................-...................................... 121-133""

Clay............................................................. 133-145

Rock........................................................... 145-161

Coarse sand...................................................... 151-163

Soapstone........................................ 1............... 163-194

Rock................:.......................................... 194-196

Sand........................................................... 196-203

Rock........................................................... 203-210

Clay............................................................. 210-220

 Rock........................................................... 220-240

Water sand..................................................... 240-290

Clay............................................................. 290-300

Analysis of water from deep well at Tnnity River, Liberty County.oParts per million. Parts per millior.

Sodium (Na) .................... 19.0 Carbonate radicle (CO3 )............ 7.0

Magnesium (Mg)................. 4.4 Silica (SiO2 )...................... 14.0

Calcium (Ca)...................... 38.0 Organic matter................. .. 50.0

Chlorine (Cl)..................... 16.0 

Sulphate radicle (SO4)........... 20. 0 305.4

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 ) ...... 137.0

o Expressed by analyst to grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form £t U, §. Geol. Survey.
44 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS OOASTAL PLAIN.

Record of deep well at Cleveland, Liberty County.

	Feet. 

Soil............................................................. 0- 4

Yellow clay..................................................... 4-24

Yellow sand.................................................... 24-100

Clay............................................................. 100-108

Sand........................................................... 108-131

Rock........................................................... 131-132

Clay and coarse sand............................................ 132-140

White sand rock.................................................. 140-142

Yellow clay..................................................... 142-160

White sand rock.................................................. 160-161

Yellow sand.................................................... 161-165

White sand rock.................................................. 165-166

Yellow clay..................................................... 166-236

Sand........................................................... 236-246

Clay............................................................. 246-288

Open water sand................................................ 288-367

Rock........................................................... 367-368

Analysis of water from deep well at Cleveland, Liberty County.a 

[Analyst, W. A. Powers.]

Parts per million.

Silica(SiO2)....................... 27

Calcium (Ca)...................... 43

Magnesium (Mg)................... 30

Sodium (Na)...................... 12

Carbonate radicle (CO3 ).. . ...... 74

Sulphate radicle (SO4) ............. 113

Parts pei millioii 

Chlorine (Cl)................... 9.1

Organic matter.................. 32

Total solids ..................... 340

Free carbonic acid (CO2)......... 17

Carbonic acid combined as HCO,.. 63

MONTGOMERY COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Shallow wells in Montgomery County vary in depth 

from 30 to 50 feet.

Artesian wells. The Gulf, Colorado and Santa Fe Railroad has a 

deep well at Bobbin and an artesian well at Conroe. Records of these 

wells and analyses of their waters are given below.

Record of ivell at Bobbin, Montgomery County.

Feet. 

Soil............................................................. 0- 2

Clay............................................................. 2- 12

Sand........................................................... 12-28

Clay............................................................... 28-78

Quicksand...................................................... 78- 90

Sandstone...................................................... 90-101

Cl&y............................................................. 101-114

Water sand..................................................... 114-134

Clay............................................................. 134-234

Sand........................................................... 234-264

Rock........................................................... 264-309

Clay............................................................. 309-343

a Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.
MONTGOMEEY COUNTY. 45

	Feet. 

Rock........................................................... 343-347

Slate........................................................... 347-383

Rock........................................................... 383-390

Slate........................................................... 390-454

Rock........................................................... 454-457

Slate........................................................... 457-480

Analysis of-water from deep well at Bobbin, Montgomery County. 0

Parts per million. Parts per million.

Sodium (Na).................... 90 Carbonate radicle (C03)......... 65

Magnesium (Mg)................. 14 Silica (SiO2).................... 27

Calciuln (Ca).................... 110 Sulphates of iron and aluminum . 27

Chlorine (Cl)................... 167 Organic matter.................. 70

Sulphate radicle (SO4)........... 11 

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3)...... 358 939

Record of well at Conroe, Montgomery County.

	Feet. 

Red clay................................................... 0- 12

Rock....................................................... 12- 13

Red clay................................................... 13- 69

Sand....................................................... 69- 89

Red clay................................................... 89- 133

Hard yellow clay............................................ 133- 153

Joint clay.................................................... 153- 182

Water sand................................................. 182- 193

Soft clay...................................................... 193- 248

Hard clay..................................................... 248- 265

Rock....................................................... 265- 267

Hard clay................................................... 267- 280

Rock....................................................... 280- 285

Dry sand bed............................................... 285- 297

Clay......................................................... 297- 340

Rock....................................................... 340- 343

Clay......................................................... 343- 363

Rock....................................................... 363- 365

Blue clay.................................................... 365- 489

Light clay.................................................. 489- 500

Soft clay..................................................... 500- 575

Rock....................................................... 575- 577

Water sand................................................. 577- 642

Blue clay...................................................... 642- 680

Water sand................................................. 680- 740

Clay........................................................... 740- 790

Soapstone.................................................... 790- 831

Red clay................................................... 831- 888

Soapstone.................................................... 888- 924

Clay......................................................... 924- 976

Rock....................................................... 976- 978

Clay......................................................... 978-1,003

a Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.

IRR 190 07 4
46 TINDEBGBOUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Feet. 

Rock....................................................... 1,003-1,004

Sand....................................................... 1,004-1,008

Red clay................................................... 1,008-1,033

Soapstone.................................................... 1,033-1,073

Rock....................................................... 1,073-1,075

Sand....................................................... 1, 075-1,125

Soapstone.................................................... 1,125-1,169

Rock....................................................... 1,169-1,170

Clay................................!........................!, 170-1,190

Rock....................................................... 1,190-1,192

Clay......................................................... 1,192-1,212

Sand....................................................... 1, 212-1, 234

Rock....................................................... 1, 234-1, 236

Analysis of water from deep well at Conroe, Montgomery County. «

Parts per million. 

Sodium (Na)........................ 41

Magnesium (Mg)................... 16

Calcium (Ca)........................ 73

Chlorine (Cl)....................... 48

Carbonate radicle (CO3 )............. 170

Parts per million. 

Silica (SiO2 )........................ 21

Organic matter...................... 38

407

WALKER COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is procured from shallow wells in Walker 

County at depths varying from 35 to 45 feet.

Artesian wells. There are no artesian wells in Walker county, but 

it is believed that they could be obtained throughout its area. The 

numerous flowing streams in the county and the shallow depths at 

which nonflowing wells may be obtained have decreased the demand 

for artesian water.

SAN JACINTO COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In San Jacinto County shallow wells vary in depth 

from 35 to 60 feet.

Artesian wells. There are no artesian wells in this county. ' At 

Oakhurst, 7 miles east of Dodge, a well was drilled to a depth of 1,052 

feet, penetrating hard rock the greater part of the distance, but no 

flowing water was obtained. It is generally believed that the prospects for artesian water in this region are very poor.

POLK COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The average depth of shallow wells in Polk County 

is 30 feet.

Artesian wells. There is little demand for artesian water in Polk 

County, owing to the numerous small flowing streams and the shallow 

depths at which nonflowing wells may be obtained.

<j Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 47

HARDIN COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The shallow wells of Hardin County vary in depth 

from 15 to 30 feet. The county is well drained by the small flowing 

streams that empty into Neches River or Pine Island Bayou.

Arte^jjjfqveUs. In this county there is little need for artesian water 

and co^K^tently no artesian wells have been drilled. Deep wells are 

owned by the Santa Fe Railroad at Silsbee, Dies (Kountze post-office), 

and Votaw. Records of these wells and analyses of their waters are 

given below.

Record of well at Silsbee, Hardin County.

Feet.

Clay and sand.................................................... 0- 88

Sand............................................................. 88-288

Blue sand....................................................... 288-374

Yellow clay..................................................... 374-392

Water sand..................................................... 392-466

Clay............................................................. 466^68

Analysis of water from deep ivell at Silsbee, Hardin County. a

Parts per million. 

Sodium (Na)...................... 24.0

Magnesium (Mg)................. 5. 9

Calcium (Ca)...................... 36. 0

Parts per million. 

Carbonate radicle (CO3 ).......... 9. 5

Silica (SiO2). .................... 19. 0

Organic matter.................... 44.0

Chlorine (Cl)..................... 26.0

Sulphate radicle (SO4)............. 15.0 ' 315' 4

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 )....... 136. 0

Record of deep ivell at Dies, Hardin County. a

Feet. 

Soil.............................................................. 0- 3

Clay.............................................................. 3-18

Dry sand......................................................... 18- 66

Dark clay......................................................... 66- 75

Water sand...................................................... 75-268

Analysis of water from deep well at Dies, Hardin County. a

Parts per million. 

Sodium (Na)....................... 33.0

Calcium (Ca)...................... 59.0

Chlorine (Cl)....................... 62.0

Sulphate radicle (SO4 )............. 2.2

Parts per million. 

Silica (SiO2)..................... 45.0

Sulphates of iron and aluminum... 7.2 

Organic matter................... 37.0

Carbonate radicle (CO3 )............ 79.0 324' 4

a Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.
48 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

.Record of well at Votaw, Hardin County.

Feet. 

Clay........................................................... 0-18

Sand........................................................... 18-168

Coarse sand...................................................... 168-203

Fine sand...................................................... 203-226

Coarse sand...................................................... 22^-260

Clay........................................................... jj^265

Open water sand.......... f ....................................'. 265-320

Clay........................................................... 320-354

Rock........................................................... 354-355

Analysis of water from deep well at Votaw, Hardin County.a

Parts per million. 

Sodium (Na)....................... 2.7

Calcium (Ca)..................... 13.0

Sulphate radicle (SO4).............. 5. 8

Carbonate radicle (CO3 )........... 19.0

Silka (SiO2)....................... 22.0

Parts per million.

Sulphates of iron and aluminum.. 10.0 

Organic matter.................... 39.0

111.5

TYLER COUNTY.

Shallow weUs. In the southern part of Tyler County the wells are 

about 20 feet deep, in the eastern part about 25 feet, in the northern 

part about 80 feet, and in the western part about 65 feet.

Artesian wells. No attempts to obtain artesian water have been 

made in this county, but an oil well was drilled near Woodville to a 

depth of 933 feet without finding artesian water.

JASPER COUNTY.

Shallow weUs. Shallow wells in Jasper County vary in depth from 

20 to 50 feet.

Artesian wells. So far only three artesian wells have been reported 

from this county, and these are all located on the ranch of < Wiess & 

Sanders, near Wiess Bluff, in the southern part of the county. Various 

data concerning these wells are given below. There is a deep well 

at Kirbyville, a record of which follows, also an analysis of its water.

Artesian wells in Jasper County.

Owner.

DO................:............................

Depth.

Feet. 

1,062

1,064

1,070

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons.

45

60

Location.

Wiess Bluff, 2i miles north 6°

east.

a Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts 

per million and ionic form at U. S. Geological Survey.
JASPER COUNTY. 49

Record of Wi-ess & Sanders artesian well No. 1, Jasper County.a

Feet.

Fine sandy loam............................................. 0- 2

Ked clay................................................... 2- 25

White sand.................................................. 25- 75

Yellow clay................................................ 75- 96

Fine blue sand............................................... 96- 129

Yellow clay ................................................ 129- 156

White sand.................................................. 156- 173

Yellow clay ................................................ 173- 225

Fine blue sand............................................... 225- 252

Hard yellow clay ........................................... 252- 386

White sand.................................................. 386- 476

Blue clay.................................................... 476- 547

Blue sand................................................... 547- 569

Hard blue clay ............................................. 569- 579

Coarse white sand........................................... 579- 628

Blue clay.................................................... 628- 646

Fine blue clay.............................................. 646- 676

Hard blue clay ............................................. 676- 695

Coarse white sand........................................... 695- 750

Hard blue clay ............................................. 750- '759

Soft blue clay................................................ 759- 784

White sand......I............................................. 784- 794

Hard blue clay ............................................. 794- 814

Fragmentary sand........................................... 814- 818

Hard blue clay ............................................. 818- 900

Rotten sandstone ........................................... 900- 906

Blue clay.................................................... 906- 913

White sand.................................................. 913- 935

Hard blue clay ............................................. 935-1,002

Coarse white sand........................................... 1,002-1,021

Fine gravel................................................. 1,021-1,038

Coarse gravel............................................... 1,038-1,052

White sand.................................................. 1,052-1,086

Blue clay.................................................... 1,086-1,104

White sand.................................................. 1,104-1, 202

Record of Wiess & Sanders artesian well No. 3, Jasper County.

Feet.

Fine sandy loam...........................".................. 0- 2

Yellow clay................................................ 2- 6

Yellow sand................................................ 6- 18

Gray clay...............':.................................. 18- 27

White sand.................................................. 27- 50

'Yellow clay................................................ 50- 83

Fine blue sand............................................... 83- 117

Blue clay.................................................... 117- 152

White sand.................................................. 152- 173

Blueclay................................................... 173- 234

Fine blue sand............................................... 234- 264

Blueclay.................................................... 264- 295

Fine blue sand............................................... 295- 356

Gray clay .................................................. 356- 426

a Capacity of this well is 165 gallons a minute, or 237,000 gallons every twenty-four hours.
50 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Feet. 

White sand.................................................. 426- 520

Blue clay.................................................... 520- 583

Fine blue sand............................................... 583- 620

Blue hard clay.............................................. 620- 631

Coarse white sand........................................... 631- 684

Blue clay.................................................... 684- 697

Fine blue sand............................................... 697- 718

Soft stone................................................... 718- 756

Hard blue clay.............................................. 756- 768

Coarse white sand, loses water rapidly........................- 768- 799

Hard blue clay ............................................. 799- 853

Unable to tell the strata, drills like oil strata................... 853- 868

Hard blue clay ............................................. 868- 936

Fine blue clay.............................................. 936 949

Hard blue clay ............................................. 949- 990

White sand.................................................. 990-1, 012

Blue and green clay.......................................... 1,012-1, 039

Hard blue clay.

Record of deep well at Kirbyville, Jasper County.

Feet. 

Yellow clay .................................................... 0- 17

Yellow sand.................................................... 17-34

Coarse white sand .............................................. 34- 54

Sand and gravel ................................................ 54- 82

Water sand..................................................... 82-212

Blue clay ....................................................... 212-227

Analysis of water from deep well at Kirbyville, Jasper County.a

Parts per million. 

Magnesium (Mg)................................................... 9.2

Chlorine (Cl)...................................................... 2.5

Carbonate radicle (CO3 )............................................. 21.0

Sulphates of iron and aluminum..................................... 15.0

47.7 

NEWTON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The average depth of wells in Newton County is 35 

feet, the deepest one being in the northern part.

Artesian wells. The only artesian well in this county is located near 

Call and is owned by the Kirby Lumber Company. This well is 796 

feet deep, 4 inches in diameter, and has a flow of 38 gallons a minute. 

Several oil wells have been drilled near this place, but no artesian 

flows have been obtained.

WEBB COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The shallow wells of Webb County vary considerably in depth. In the western part they have an average depth of 60 

feet; in the northern part, 425 feet; and in the eastern part, 375 feet. 

It is very difficult to obtain water in the southern part of the county.

o Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts' 

per million and ionic form at U. S. Geological Survey.
MAVERICK AND DIMMIT COUNTIES. 51

Artesian wells. At Bruniville, a station on the Texas Mexican 

Railway, four artesian wells were drilled for A. M. Bruni. They are 

each 325 feet deep and flow only about 3 gallons a minute. They are 

located on 1 acre of land, just south of Bruniville, within 100 feet of

the railroad track.

MAVERICK COUNTY.

Shallow wells. It is difficult to find water in Maverick County. In 

the northern part one well was drilled to a depth of 918 feet without 

getting water, while wells in other localities 500 feet deep yielded salty 

water.

Artesian wells. So far as can be ascertained there are no artesian 

wells in Maverick County.

DIMMIT COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In the Nueces Valley good wells are obtained at 

moderate depths, but on the higher lands they vary from 100 to 150 

feet in depth.

Arteswn wells. There are over 60 artesian wells in Dimmit County,

ranging in depth from 300 to 700 feet. The water is used for both

stock and irrigation purposes. The following is a list of the artesian

wells of this county, with depth, flow, and other data concerning them:

Artesian wells in Dim.mit County.

Owner. Depth. Flow. Distance and direction from 

Carrizo Springs.

Feet. Gallons.

F.M.Shaw.................................I f 150

Do..................................... LKn Jftn 150

Do . ... P°-400 \ Weak.

Do ................................ j { Weak.

J.J.Webb................................. 500 150

Thos. Paterson............................. 600 200

Do..................................... 650 200

A.Eardley............................ .....} f 1,400

Do..................................... ^590-690 { 1,400

Do..................................... J | 1,400

W. A. Manee............................... 600 100

Do..................................... 600 No flow.

J.L.Hudson............................... 500 150

M. J. Dermann (5 wells)................... 350 125

Do..................................... 400 150

J.C.Owen................................. 350 150

Burton..................................... 316 125

Do..................................... 375 125

W. L. Kendall.............................. 350 150

Do..................................... 3.50 Weak.

J. K. Rector................................ 600 200

M. L. Oppenheimer........................ 350 125

George & Wilkerson........................ 600 100

F. Moehrig (3 wells)........................ 350-600 a, ISO

W. B. Rector............................... 382 200

Couran & Jeffrey........................... 350 100

Craig....................................... 325 50

HughKnight.............................. 600 350

Chas Pollard.............................. 600 350

A. Richardson (Swells).................... 600-650 100-600

Ed. Schimmelphening & Bro. (2 wells)..... 600 150,200

McCaleb & McDaniel (3 wells).............. 400 125-150

Shipp (2 wells)............................. 325,418 100

T. A. Coleman (2 wells).................... 300 50,75

G. White................................... 350 125

TomRiggs................................. 350 125

T. A Coleman.............................. 350 125

F. J Arnold................................ 500 150

Wm George................................ 350 20

Bob Lemons (2 wells)...................... 360,700 No flow.

Inches. 

3| 2J miles north.

Do.

5 miles northwest. 

5 mites east.

Do. 

4 miles east.

Do. 

5i miles east.

Do.

Do. 

4 miles east.

Do.

2 miles northeast.

3 miles north.

Do. 

2J miles north.

2 miles north. 

Do.

3 miles north.

Do.

5 miles east. 

1 mile northeast. 

1 mile north. 

24 miles .north. 

" Do.

Do.

| mile east. 

5 miles southeast.

Do.

6-10 miles southeast. 

6 miles southeast. 

5 miles southeast. 

4J miles southeast. 

5 miles south. 

10 miles northwest.

Do.

Do

5 miles southeast. 

5J miles southeast.

6 miles southwest.

a Each.
52 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Record of Eardley Barosa Creek well, Dimmit County (near Carrizo Springs).

	Feet. 

Light red soil and clay............................................ 0- 3

Pale blue clay.....................................---.-..-----.-- 3- 9

Sand and yellow clay...........-.."..............................-. 9- 34

Yellow clay..................................................... 34-64

Pale to dark-blue clay............................................ 64-99

Sandstone, a little salt water, no flow.............................. 99-102

Sticky pale-blue clay............................................. 102-152

Blue clay containing small seams oi coal.......................... 152-252

Sand and clay................................................... 252-297

Fine-grained sandstone........................................... 297-312

Sand and clay................................................... 312-332

Blue clay........................................................ 3,32-377

Darker blue clay................................................. 377-417

Sand and clay.................................................... 417-462

Fine sand rock. Small flow...................................... 462-522

Sandstone; flow gradually increased............................... 522-682

Fine sand and clay.............................................. 682-720

ZAVALLA COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water from shallow wells is obtained in the western 

part of Zavalla County at an average depth of 50 feet, in t'he southern 

part at a depth of 75 feet, and in the eastern and northern parts at a 

depth of 100 feet.

Artesian wells. Artesian wells have been drilled in the western 

and southwestern parts of the county along some of the tributaries of 

Nueces River. The following list of wells and data concerning them 

were furnished by George C. Hermann, of Batesville.

Artesian wells in Zavalla County.

Owner.

N. Y. and T. L. Co ..........................

Do. .....................................

Do........ ..............................

Clift. ........................................

T. A. Colemari (4 wells) .....................

Pratt& Hays.... ...........................

T. Riggs......... ...........................

R. R. Ware .................................

Depth.

Feet. 

211

450

450

400

250

400

450

450

390

410

500

420

450

310

560

4f>0-460

460

onn

1,029

420

460

460

260

Mow.

Slight.

Slight.

(a)

Diameter.

Inches. 

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

5

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

10

10

6

6

6

6

Distance and direction from 

Batesville.

31 miles south 56° west.

28| miles south 46° west.

28J miles south 46° west.

29 miles south 49° west.

30 miles south 50° west.

25 miles south 58° west.

25 miles south. 40° west

o Water rises within 10 feet of surface.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 53

COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Lasalle County the punip wells are considerably 

deeper than those in adjoining localities. They vary from 150 to 200 

feet in depth.

Artesian wells. There are 27 artesian wells in this county. The 

area of greatest development in well boring is around Artesia, where 

a number of wells are utilized for irrigation purposes. They vary in 

depth from 200 to 500 feet and usually furnish a strong flow of good 

water. - At Cotulla the International and Great Northern Railroad 

has drilled a well 1,008 feet deep, but the water is slightly impregnated 

with salts of magnesia. In the vicinity of Bull's ranch, in the northeastern portion of the county, along Frio River, there is a well-developed artesian district. The following is a list of the artesian wells of 

the county:

Artesian wells in Lasalle County.

Owner.

Do......................................

J.W.McInnis.................... ..........

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

J. W. Bucow................................

W. H. MeWhorter. .........................

Kuhn...... ..................................

Do......................................

C. H. DeRyle. . ..............................

Do.......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

W. C. Irwin .................................

Uhl & Gaith. ................................

Depth.

Feet. 

900

1,008

486

400

764

550

550

350

350

186

400

450

600

670

670

400

450

180

650

295

366

720

310

300

797

767

800

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

6

15

4

2

24

24

15

8

5

20

10

10

10

10

10

10

0

0

4

4

30

12

4

100

0

Diameter.

Meters.

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

8

8

6

6

6

6

6

6

6

1

Location.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

DtUl's ranch, 7 miles east.

Dull's ranch, 14 miles northeast.

east.

west.

McMULLEN COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The nonflowing wells of McMullen County are generally deep. In the eastern part they have an average depth of 130 

feet, in the northern part 250 feet, and in the southern part 350 feet. 

No information has been received concerning the depth of wells in the 

western part of the county.
54 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells. Data have been obtained of seven artesian wells in 

McMullen County. A list of these wells, with their depth, flow, size, 

and approximate location is given below:

Artesian wells in McMullen County.

Owner.

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Depth.

Feet. 

485

300

147

1,728

1,325

700

512

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons.

5

250

200

15

15

Diameter.

Inches. 

4

6

6

Location.

Do.

Tilden, 20 miles west.

Do.

FBIO COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is obtained from shallow wells in Frio County 

at depths of 60 to 125 feet.

Artesian wells. There are flowing wells along San Miguel Creek, 

also at Derby, and northwest of Derby along Frio River. A typical 

artesian well of Frio County is shown on PL I, B (p. 1). Many of the 

wells along San Miguel Creek are located along the creek be.d, on very 

low ground; most of them are about 400 feet in depth, 8 inches in 

diameter, and flow about 10 gallons a minute. The general distribution of these wells is shown in PI. II (p. 2), and their depth, size, 

flow, and approximate location are given in the following table:

Artesian wells in Frio County.

Owner.

G. F. Hinds.................................

Do......................................

Do........ .............................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do..:...................................

S. Speed .....................................

Do......................................

Do..................... ................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do........... ...........................

J. W. DeVillbis... ..........................

Depth.

Feet. 

420

400

405

200

115

60

300

800

1,473

398

380

648

125

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

25

15

20

50

17

12

7

20

400

10

10

10

10

2

10

5

12

19

Diameter.

Inches.

5

4

2

1

4

6

5

5

8

8

8

8

' 8

8

8

6

8

Location.

from Atascosa County line. 

Do.

north of No. 2. 

San Miguel Creek, 1 mite

above No. 1. 

San Miguel Greet, 1 mile

above No. 4. 

San Miguel Creek, 2 miles

above No. 5. 

San Miguel Creek, 2 miles

above No. 6. 

1 mile south of No. 4.

Derby, 4 miles east.

Do.

above No. 7.

above No. 14. 

San Miguel Creek, 3 miles

above No. 15. 

San Miguel Creek, 4 miles

above No. 16.

west of No. 17.

above No. 17_.

low No. 6.

office.

above No. 6.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 55

ATASCOSA COUNTY.

Shallow wells. A good supply of excellent water is obtained from 

wells 40 to 60 feet deep throughout the greater part of Atascosa 

County.

Artesian weUs. Artesian water is found in all parts of this county, 

at depths varying from 200 to 700 feet. The county is well drained 

by the tributaries of San Miguel Creek, and wells for the most part are 

located along these tributaries. The approximate location of artesian 

wells, also their depth, flow, and diameter are given in the following

table:

Artesian wells in Atascosa County.

Owner.

J. B. Williams.......................'........

Do......................................

Theo. Oden. .................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

J. W. Murpby... ............................

Do.......................................

J. M. Soils... ................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

T T*J Mn Ada

Do.......................................

D. C. McAda. ................................

Do.......................................

Do.......................................

IWVa M T? TJV <>}}af*£>

Alien & Wilson ..............................

J. A. Walton................................

Depth.

Feet.

520

447

376

620

625

740

400

314

230

500

340

320

510

397

337

430

319

300

240

228

208

308

540

915

700

1.011

207

441

139

165

340

202

200

7OQ

700

280

' 378

377

357

406

497

700

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

20

 10

30

7

32

20

5

60

4

40

15

6

30

50

10

15

2

12

8

55

60

35

4

6

4.5

4.5

4.5

40

35

75

12

30

18

4

40

100

Diameter.

Inches.

4

31

2

2

4

Distance and direction f.-om 

Pleasanton.

Do.

8 miles south.

Do.

Do.

11 miles southwest.

19 miles southwest.

Do.

6 miles northeast.

Do.

3 miles northwest.

Do.

Do.

12 miles southeast.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Jn town.

Do.

BBXAR COUNTY.

Shallow wetts. In the southern part of Bexar County water can be 

procured at depths varying from 30 to 60 feet; near Vanraub, at a 

depth of 325 feet, and at Leon Springs, at depths of 40 to 200 feet.

ArtesianweUs. There are nearly 100 artesian wells in Bexar County. 

Some of them are among the strongest wells in the State. The water
56 ; UNDERGROUND WATERS OP TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

is of excellent quality and is used largely for irrigation. The following 

is a list of the artesian wells, giving location and other data:

Artesian wells in Bexar County.

Owner.

West End Town Co............. . .........

Crystal Ice Co. ................... . .. ................

Do.................................................

Do.................................................

Do.................................................

Do.................................................

Col. Terrell e. ..........................................

Do... ..............................................

Do.................................................

Schulz .................................................

F. F. Collins. ..........................................

Do.................................................

T. F. Brady.. ..........................................

Walters ................................................

A. Herff............ _.__.._.._.... ......................

Watters. ...............................................

Do.................................................

Do .................................................

T. B. Dashiel..........................................

Do.................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

260

260

683

540

630

780

880

880

712

657

657

715

850

980

1,140

760

1,900

1,900

650

464

2,215

1,000

1,250

822

1,202

1,160

1,100

465

850

884

835

700

860

1,500

900

950

950

1,200

760

1,500

1,200

610

1,400

1,400

800

1,500

728

728

805

710

710

1,000

ass

700

1,200

1,000

720

720

808

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

150

60

400

1,042

a 1,042

a 4, 166

a 1,740

555

417

417

278

36

156

17

861

555

200

20

1,007

104

200

300

170

140

55

200

70

55

1,200

300

400

200

1,200

800

Slight.

377

Slight.

50

50

50

100

2,083

2,083

650

650

650

No flow.

Slight.

....do...

sional.

....do...

Good.

Location with respect to 

San Antonio.

West End Lake.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

house. 

Do.

house.

" Do.

Do.

Do.

Do.

7 miles northeast.

Do.

« Each.

6 Four 12-inch wells.

c Four 8-inch wells.

d Gas and water at 460 and 620 feet below surface.

«Hot sulphur water.

/ 6-inch well yielding hot sulphur water.

g Two wells: One 6-inch, with 800-gallon flow; one 10-inch, with 3,000-gallon flow..

* Water at 630 feet.

* Water rises within 110 feet of surface.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 57

Shallow wells. 

150 feet deep.

Artesian wells. 

the county one 

is owned by J. S. 

of Stockdale and 

available data, is

WILSON COUNTY.

-The shallow wells of Wilson County are from. 30 to

 There are two principal artesian-well districts in 

in the southwestern part, where a group of wells 

Thomton and J. J. Stevens, and one,, in the vicinity

Sutherland Springs. A list of these wells, including

given below.

Artesian wells in Wilson County.

Owner.

W. W. Beaty.. ..............................

J. S. Thornton.......... ....................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

Do......................................

T. B. Coughran...... .......................

H. M. Aubrey. ..............................

Hobbs................. ......................

Depth.

Feet. 

565

700

840

460

365

650

650

1,036

960

480

1,200

400

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

20

15

90

30

40

50

50

50

15

12

00

Diameter.

Inches.

91

4

3

01

01

Location.

west.

4 west.

7 west.

Borego Creek.

west, on Borego Creek.

west, x>n Borego Creek.

west, on Prietas Creek.

west, on Lucas Creek.

northeast.

southeast.

GTJADALUPE COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is obtained in Guadalupe County in the eastern part at an average depth of 40 feet, in the southern part at 60 

feet, in the western part at 70 feet, and in the northern part at 80 feet.

Artesian wells. The only attempt to develop the artesian-water 

resources of this county was made by Adolph Ziegenhols, on his farm 

12 miles north of Seguin, where a flow of strong sulphur water was 

found at a depth of 800 feet.

CALDWELL COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Good wells are obtained throughout the greater 

part of Caldwell County at depths varying from 18 to 50 feet. Near 

Lockhart wells are from 18 to 20 feet deep, but on the prairie west 

of Lockhart they are somewhat deeper. South of Maxwell and east 

of Martindale it is diificult to get water, and it is generally not obtained 

at depths less than 100 feet.
58 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Artesian wells. Only two artesian wells have been reported from 

this county. T. F. Hudson, near Lockhart, has a 6-inch flowing well 

260 feet deep, and V. Leshikar has one 5 miles west of Lockhart 

which has a depth of 180 feet, a diameter of 8 inches, and a flow of 

only a few gallons a minute.

BASTROP COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Throughout Bastrop County the shallow wells are 

from 35 to 70 feet deep and generally furnish a good supply of water.

Artesian wells. Very little prospecting has been done for artesian 

water in this county. In 1893 a well was drilled to a depth of 1,010 

feet near Bastrop by the Bastrop Building and Loan Association 

without striking water.

ILEE COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Lee County the average shallow well is 40 to 50 

feet deep, and a good supply is usually obtained.

Artesian wells. Owing to the ease with which shallow wells may 

be obtained in this county, few attempts have been made to develop 

artesian water. The only flowing well in the county is owned by 

M. G. York, near Leobau. It is a 6-inch well, 800 feet deep, but the 

exact flow has not been ascertained.

ROBERTSON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. A good supply of water is found in Robertsoa 

County about 40 feet below the surface.

Artesian wells. There are a large number of flowing wells between 

Big and Little Brazos rivers, from a point opposite Calvert to the 

mouth of the Little Brazos, a distance of about 25 miles. Water is 

obtained throughout this valley at four artesian horizons at depths 

of 160, 450, 650, and 920 feet. Attempts to get water east of Hearne, 

on the highland extending from Bremond to Franklin, have resulted 

in failure. At Hearne there are 23 flowing wells, nearly all of which 

obtain water from an artesian horizon 700 feet below the surface. 

The following is a list:
BOBEBTSON AKD MILAM COUNTIES.

Artesian wells at Hearne.

Owner.

Do..................................

Do..................................

Do..................................

National Oil Co.........................

Planters' O 1 Co. ........................

Stock Yards a ..........................

Do..................................

Depth.

Feet. 

740

680

720

7^0

700+

700

715

660

1,020

Owner.

L. W. Carr...... .......................

B. C. Alien. ............................

Mrs. H. K. Davis. .....................

Do.................................

Do.................................

City....................................

Bepth.

Feet. 

700

690

666

710

480

720

720

690

700

710

720

» One mile northwest of Hearne. 6 Three miles southwest of Hearne.

MLLAM COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The average depth of shallow wells throughout 

Milam County is 50 feet. An abundant supply is usually obtained. 

In the western part of the county considerable difficulty is sometimes experienced in getting a successful well.

Artesian wells. The International and Great Northern Railroad 

drilled a 6-inch well at Thorndale to a depth of 2,000 feet, passing 

through several beds of lignite coal, without obtaining artesian water. 

Other similar deep borings have been made for artesian water in the 

western part of the county without success. The following is a list 

of deep borings in Milam County:

Deep borings in Milam County.

Owner.

A. E. Brady.... ................................... "I..........

J. A. Peele. ...................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

1,790

1,356

831

700

530

Location.
60 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

BURI/ESON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Burleson County wells 50 to 75 feet deep furnish a good supply of water.

Artesian wells. Flowing wells are obtained in the Brazos bottom 

lands at depths varying from 355 to 1,250 feet, the average being 

about 700 feet. A list of these wells, with other data, the record of a 

688-foot well at Clay, and analyses of the water from this well and 

from one of M. Parker's wells are given below:

Artesian wells in Burleson County.

Owner.

J.W. Coulter.............. ......

Do............................

Do............................

T. R. Batten......................

Do.6.. ................. .

Do. c. ..........................

Do............................

Do....................

Do............................

Do............................

Do............................

A. L. Ewing. ................

G. G. Foster..............

Do.......................... .

Adline Jones. ............. .

Jas. Butler. ...............

Do............................

Do............................

Hit. Parker. ......................

Do............................

Do............................

Do..........................

Do............................

Do.<*...........................

Do............................

T. M. Ewing e. ....................

T. F. Hudson.....................

Depth.

Feet.

355

750

850

900

1,009

650

700

550

1,250

900

900

900

740

910

900

900

850

840

900

850

630

585

535

630

750

760

511

400

420

760

800

260

180

703

Flow per 

minute.

Gallons. 

10

5

50

li

7

i

20

i

1

2

5

20

25

20

25

25

20

12

15

15

35

30

15

2

7

01

2

5

160

Small.

45

Diameter.

Inches. 

li

1

1

1

li

2

1*

3

1

2

2

1

lili

2

2

2

li

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

6

8

3

Location.

Do.

Whittaker.

Whittaker.

Do.

Do.

Myers, 1 mile south.

Myers, 3 miles northwest.

Do.

Pittbridge, 1 mile west.

Stone City, 300 yards south.

a. Temperature of water 77° F.; gas escapes from pipe.

6 Continuous flow of gas; water salty.

e Gas associated with water.

d At 350 feet a flow of salt water associated with gas was obtained.

« Well flowed 60 gallons a minute at first, but is now becoming choked with sand.

/ Oil well.

g Good flow obtained at 400 feet.

Analysis of water from deep well owned by Mit. Parker, 3 miles southeast of Tunis,

Burleson County.a

Parts per million. 

Sulphate radicle (S04)............ 630

Carbonate radicle (CO3)............ 520

Parts per million. 

Potassium (K).................... 7

Sodium (Na)..................... 520

Magnesium (Mg).................. 4

Calcium (Ca)..................... 11

Chlorine (Cl)...................... 64

« Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts 

per million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.

1,756
BUKLESON AND BRAZOS COUNTIES.

Record of well at Clay, Burleson County.

Feet.

Soil........................................................... 0-15

Clay........................................................... 15-28

Rock........................................................... 28- 41

Sand........................................................... 41-67

Lignite......................................................... 67-74

Blue granite................................................... 74- 88

Blue sand....................................................... 88-124

Gray sand rock.................................................. 124-161

Lignite........................................................ 161-169

Blue limestone rock............................................. 169-185

Sand........................................................... 185-188

Gray sand rock.................................................. 188-197

Soapstone...................................................... 197-217

Rock........................................................... 217-220

Soapstone...................................................... 220-249

Fine blue sand................................................. 249-254

Blue limestone................................................. 254-261

Soapstone...................................................... 261-271

Rock........................................................... 271-282

Soapstone...................................................... 282-420

Fine water sand ................................................ 420-480

Soapstone...................................................... 480-525

Close blue sand with lignite and soapstone. . . .................... 525-608

Water sand..................................................... 608-613

Lignite and soapstone.. .. ...................................... 613-632

Water sand..................................................... 632-636

Soapstone and sand ............................................. 636-647

Water sand..................................................... 647-687

Rock........................................................... 687-688

Analysis of water from deep ivell at Clay, Burleson County. a

Parts per million. 

Carbonate radicle (CO3 ).......... 30.0

Silica (SiO2 )................... 38.0

Organic matter................. 79.0

Parts per million.

Sodium (Na)................... 490. 0

Magnesium (Mg)................ 8.0

Calcium (Ca)................... 21. 0

Chlorine (Cl).................... 490.0 

Sulphate radicle (SO4).......... 4. 6 1,480.6

Bicarbonate radicle (HCO3 )...... 320.0

BRAZOS COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water in sufficient quantity to supply an ordinary 

well is found in Brazos County from 35 to 60 feet below the surface.

Artesian wells. The best developed artesian area in Brazos County 

is located near Steeles Store and Stone City, between Little and Big 

Brazos rivers, where about 50 flowing wells are located. About 15 

miles southwest of Bryan there are a number of smaller artesian wells, 

varying in depth from 200 to 1,000 feet, but averaging about 300 

feet, with diameters of 1 to 3 inches. The smaller wells yield about

o Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts 

, per million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.

IRR 190 07 5
62 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

47 gallons a minute; the larger and deeper ones furnish considerably 

more. In sinking the deep wells in this district several small flows 

are encountered before the main water horizon is reached. These are 

generally cased off and only the water from the lowest horizon allowed 

to flow. In addition to the above-described wells there are a few in 

the southern part of the county. A partial list of the artesian and 

deep wells of Brazos County is given below, also a record of the 

materials penetrated in the Hearne and Brazos Valley Railroad well 

at Stone City.

Partial list of artesian and deep ivells in Brazos County.

Owner.

Do.................................................

Depth.

Feet. 

1,005

900

1,300

Flow. Location.

Stone City.

Record of Hearne and Brazos Valley Railroad well at Stone City, Brazos County.

	Feet. 

Surface blue clay............................................. 0- 25

Rock......................................................... 25- 28

Blue clay.................................................... 28- 60

Rock......................................................... 60- 61

Blue marl................................................... 61- 105

Lignite...................................................... 105- 106

Blue marl................................................... 106- 145

Rock......................................................... 145- 147

Blue marl with an occasional layer of rock...................... 147-1, 005

MADISON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Throughout Madison County good water is obtained 

from wells at depths of 50 to 80 feet, depending on the elevation of 

the surface.

Artesian wells. Owing to the ease with which good shallow wells 

are obtained and the numerous small flowing streams traversing the 

county, there is little need for flowing wells, and so far as can be 

ascertained no attempts have been made to develop this resource.

LEON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Leon County shallow wells vary in depth from 

30 to 45 feet, and a good supply of water is generally struck.

Artesian wells. The only artesian well in Leon County is that 

owned by J. H. Oliver. It is located one-half mile northwest of 

Buffalo and has a depth of 1,200 feet.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 63

FREESTONE COUNTY.

Shallow wells. The shallow wells of Freestone County are from 35 

to 45 feet deep and generally contain from 6 to 20 feet of water.

Artesian wells. Owing mainly to the abundant supply of shallowwell water throughout the county, no attempts have been made to 

get artesian flows.

HOUSTON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Most of the shallow wells throughout. Houston 

County are less than 40 feet deep, and a large supply of water is 

generally obtained.

Artesian wells. At Crockett a well was sunk by Prof. J. B. Smith 

to a depth of 700 feet, and the water rose within 40 feet of the surface. 

There are several wells at Kenard 1,100 to 1,200 feet deep, from which 

a large supply of water is obtained by pumping.

ANDERSON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. A good water supply is found in Anderson County 

at a depth of 30 to 40 feet below the surface.

Artesian wells. There are no artesian wells in this county, but several deep borings have been made at Palestine and other places which 

furnish a good supply of water by pumping.

LIMESTONE COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water is secured in the southern part of Limestone 

County at a depth of about 35 feet. In the northwestern part the 

wells are somewhat deeper, averaging 60 feet.

Artesian wells. There are no artesian wells in Limestone County, 

although it is believed that flows might be obtained if wells were sunk 

to a sufficient depth.

CHEROKEE, TRINITY, ANGELINA, SAN AUGUSTINE, AND 

SABINE COUNTIES.

Shallow wells. Throughout Cherokee, Trinity, Angelina, San 

Augustine, and Sabine counties shallow wells find water at depths 

varying from 30 to 50 feet, and the supply is generally large.

Artesian wells. The only artesian well in these counties is at Groveton, the county seat of Trinity County, where a 6-inch well 495 feet 

deep yields 27 gallons a minute. There is a deep well at Bronson, 

Sabine County, a record of which is given below, also an analysis of the 

water.
64 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

Record of deep well at Bronson, Sabine County.

Feet.

Yellow clay.......... r ...................................... 0- 30

Blue clay.................................................... 30- 60

Brown shale................................................ 60- 103

Sand......................................................... 103- 115

Brown shale................................................. 115- 145

Sand......................................................... 145- 155

Blue clay.................................................... 155- 163

Limestone rock.............................................. 163- 164

Blue clay.................................................... 164- 258

Sand....................................................... 258- 272

Blue clay.................................................... 272- 322

Brown shale................................................ 322- 352

Blue clay.................................................... 352- 374

Blue clay and "shell"........................................ 374- 380

Blue clay.................................................... 380- 486

Sand rock................................................... 486- 489

Blue clay.................................................... 489- 578

Blue clay and bowlders....................................... 578- 586

Blue clay.................................................... 586- 674

Water sand................................................. 674- 729

Blue clay.................................................... 729- 810

Dark sand................................................... 810- 818

Blue clay.................................................... 818- 892

Blue shale and "shell"....................................... 892- 928

Dark shale................................................... 928-1, 018

Water sand................................................. 1, 018-1, 068

Dark clay.................................................... 1, 068-1, 070

Analysis of water from deep well at Bronson, Sabine County. a

Parts per million. Parts per million. 

Sodium (Na)...............:...... 330.0 Silica (Si02)...................... 17.0

Chlorine (Cl)..................... 30.0 Organic matter.................... 34.0

Sulphate radicle (SO4 )............ 81

Carbonate radicle (C03 )........... 395 814<

NACOGDOCHES COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Wells of moderate yield are obtained in Nacogdoclies County at a depth of 25 feet.

Artesian wells. Two wells have been sunk in this county and data 

concerning them are given below.

Artesian icells in Nacogdoches County.

Owner. Depth. Flow per 

minute.

Diameter. Distance from Nacogdoches.

Nacogdoches Ice Co.. 

Haywood Lumber Co.

Feet. 

285

Gallons. Inches. 

4

40

1 mile southwest. 

1 mile southeast.

o Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Qeol. Survey.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 65 

SHELBY, PANOLA, AND RUSK COUNTIES.

Shallow wells. Water in Shelby, Panola, and Rusk counties is 

obtained in abundance in wells ranging from 20 to 35 feet in depth.

Artesian wells. There is little demand for artesian water in these 

counties, owing mainly to the shallow depth at which ground water 

may be obtained. At Center, Shelby County, there is a deep well, a 

record of which is given below; also an analysis of the water.

Record log of deep ivell at Center, Shelby County.

Feet.

Yellow clay..................................................... 0-10

Brown shale.................................................... 10-106

Lignite........................................................ 106-108

Brown shale.................................................... 108-240

Sand........................................................... 240-250

Brown shale.................................................... 250-320

White sandstone................................................. 320-330

Brown shale.................................................... 330-356

Lignite........................................................ 356-358

Brown shale.................................................... 358-372

White sandstone................................................. 372-374

Brown shale.................................................... 374-416

" Stone coal".........................,......................... 416-417

Brown shale.................................................... 417-443

Sandstone...................................................... 443-445

Brown shale.................................................... 445-517

" Gray granite ".................................................. 517-520

Brown shale.................................................... 520-556

Sandstone ...................................................... 556-557

Brown shale.................................................... 557-562

"Gray granite".................................................. 562-564

White sand, water bearing........................................ 564-614

Brown shale.................................................... 614-623

Analysis of water from deep ivell at Center, Shelby County.a

Parts per million. 

Sodium (Na)....................... 370.0

Calcium (Ca)..................... 4.1

Chlorine (Cl)..................... 57.0

Sulphate radicle (SO4). ........... 14.0

Carbonate radicle (CO3 )............ 430.0

Parts per million. 

Silica (SiOj,)...................... 24.0

Organic matter.................. 31.0

930.1

VAN ZANDT AND RAINS COUNTIES.

Shallow wells. Throughout Van Zandt and Rains counties an adequate supply of water is obtained from wells ranging in depth from 20 

to 45 feet.

Artesian wells. There are at present no flowing wells in either of 

these counties; and, so far as can be ascertained, no prospecting for 

artesian water has been done.

a Expressed by analyst in grains per gallon and hypothetical combinations; recomputed to parts per 

million and ionic form at U. S. Geol. Survey.
66 UNDERGROUND WATERS OF TEXAS COASTAL PLAIN.

SMITH COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Smith County water occurs at shallow depths, 

rarely exceeding 35 feet, and the supply is usually large.

Artesian wells. A few years ago an oil well was drilled on the 

county poor farm to a depth of 460 feet and a strong flow of water 

obtained. No other deep borings have been reported from this 

county, but it is believed that artesian water could be obtained at 

other localities if wells were sunk to a sufficient depth.

WOOD AND GBEGG COUNTIES.

Shallow wells. Water is found in Wood and Gregg counties at 

depths ranging from 25 to 80 feet. The supply is large and the 

quality generally good, but a few wells near Quitman and Winnsboro furnish water containing a large percentage of mineral salts.

Artesian wells. No flowing wells have been reported from either 

of these counties. About 6 miles south of Longview, Gregg County, 

an oil well was sunk to a depth of 1,424 feet without obtaining 

artesian water. It is possible that flows might be found at shallower depths in Wood County or in other parts of Gregg County, 

but thus far no tests have been made in these localities. A record 

of the deep oil well near Longview is given below:

Partial record of well 6 miles south of Longview, Gregg County.

Feet. 

No record................................................. 0- 285

Soapstone.................................................. 285- 305

Flint...................................................... 305- 307

Soapstone.................................................. 307- 322

Shaly clay................................................ 322- 329

Sandy shale................................................ 329- 353

Clay....................................................... 353- 356

Sandy shale................................................ 356- 437

Clay....................................................... 437- 452

Sandy shale................................................ 452- 487

Flint...................................................... 487- 489

Sandstone.................................................. 489- 543

Lignite.................................................... 543- 545

Clay....................................................... 545- 551

Sand..................................................... 551- 571

Flint...................................................... 571- 574

Sandy shale..........................'...................... 574- 710

Clay....................................................... 710- 745

Sandstone.................................................. 745- 756

Water-bearing sand......................................... 756- 780

Sandstone.................................................. 780- 880

Clay....................................................... 880- 892

Sandy shale................................................ 892-1, 027

Clay ....................................................... 1,027-1, 034

Sandy shale................................................ 1,034-1,199

Flint...................................................... 1,199-1, 200

Sandstone.................................................. 1, 200-1, 246

Sandy shale................................................ 1, 246-1,424

Gumbo.
DETAILS BY COUNTIES. 67 

UP8HUR COUNTY.

SJiallow wells. In Upshur County the water table appears to be 

about 35 to 40 feet below the surface, and at this depth a good 

supply of relatively pure water is obtained.

Artesian wells. The only artesian well which has been reported 

from this county is on the John Gillis ranch, 1J miles southwest of 

Hawkins. It is 250 feet deep and yields a flow of 2£ gallons a 

minute.

HARRISON COUNTY.

Shallow wells. In Harrison County sufficient water for ordinary 

domestic purposes is struck at depths rarely exceeding 40 feet, and 

the quality is usually good.

Artesian wells. The only artesian well in Harrison County is 

owned by the Marshall waterworks. This well was bored in January, 1900, and the first flows were obtained at shallow depths. It 

is 208 feet deep, 6 inches in diameter, and has a flow of 200,000 

gallons every twenty-four hours. The following is a record of the 

material penetrated:

Record of artesian well at Marshall, Harrison County.

Feet. 

Soil and clay................................................... 0-80

Sand with rock at base, water bearing........................... 80-100

Clay with layers of lignite....................................... 100-160

Sand with rock at base, water bearing........................... 160-180

Sand, water bearing........................................... 180-208

This test well was made without a strainer, and considerable sand 

was brought up with the water. The test was continued for about 

twelve hours with no apparent change of flow.

MARION COUNTY.

Shallow wells. Water in Marion County is found at 25 to 50 feet 

below the surface, and the supply is both abundant and pure.

Artesian wells. The only artesian well reported from this county 

is owned by J. M. De Ware, at Jefferson. It is 2 inches in diameter, 

801 feet deep, and yields a small flow, but the exact amount has 

not been ascertained.

INDEX.

A.

Acknowledgments to those aiding_ 

Alameda, wells near___________

Alice, well near, record of_________

Alligator Head, well at, record of_ 

Alta Loma, wells at___________

wells at, record of________ 

Alvin, wells near____________

Anahnac, wells at and near_____

Anaqua, wells near_________

Anderson County, artesian wells in_

shallow wells in___________

Angelina County, artesian wells in__

shallow wells in___________

Arcola, well near_____________

Area of region_______!"_______

Aransas County, artesian wells in__

shallow wells in__________

Arnold well, record of_________

Artesia, wells near___________

Artesian wells, flow of___________

location of, map showing______

occurrence of _________

yiews of _______________

Atacosa County, artesian wells in___

shallow wells in__________

Atravesada well, record of________

Ashby, well near____________

Austin County, artesian wells in____

shallow wells in__________

Page. 

1

"25 

11' 

15 

28

28-29 

21 

31 

14 

63 

63 

63 

63 

^. 4i

14

14

OO _OQ

53

3

2-3

1, 6

54,55

55

5-6

19

41

41

B.

Barker, well near_____________ 25 

Barosa Creek, well on, record of__ 52 

Bastrop, well near__________ 58

Bastrop County, artesian wells in__ 58

shallow wells in________ 58

Batesyille, wells aear_________ 52

Bay City, wells near__________ 19 

Bay View, well near__________ 29

Beasley (S. H.) well, record of___ 17-18 

Beaumont, well at__________ 31 

Bee County, artesian wells in____ 34

shallow wells in___________ 34

Bexar County, artesian wells in__ 55-56

Shallow wells in _________ 55

Blessing, wells near____________ 19

Bobbin, well at, record of_____ 44-45

well at, water of, analysis of_ 45 

Branchville, wells at and near____ 59 

Brazoria, well near_________ 21 

Brazoria County, artesian wells in_ 21-24

artesian wells in, records of__ 22-24

shallow wells in __ _ 21

	Page.

Brazos, wells near _________ 21

Brazos County, artesian wells in___ 61-62

artesian wells in, record of___ 62

shallow wells in_________ 61

Brenham, water supply of______ 41

Breslau, well at_____________ 38

Rronson, well at, record of________ 63-64

well at, water of, analysis of_ 64

Brown (H. G.) well, record of___ 35

Brownsville, wells at_________ 3

Bruniville, wells at __________ ^51

Bryan, wells near__________ 61

Bryan Heights, well near_______ 21

Buffalo, well near _ _____ __ 62

Burleson County, artesian wells in_ 60-61

artesian well in, record of___ 61

water of, analyses of_ _ 60, 61

shallow wells in_______ __ 60

C.

Caldwell, wells near__________ 60

C'aldwell County, artesian wells in_ 58

shallow wells in_________ 57

Calhoun County, artesian wells in__ 14-15

artesian wells in, record of___ 15

shallow wells in _______ 14

Call, well near____ _________ 50

Calyert, wells near_________ 58

Cameron County, artesian wells in_ 3-6

artesian wells in, records of _ 5-6

shallow wells in ____ 3

Carancohue, wells near_______ 16

Carrizo Springs, wells near ___ 51 52

Cedar Bayou, wells at________ 31

Center, well at, record of_______ 65

well at, water of, analysis of 65

Chambers County, artesian wells in_ 30-31

shallow wells in _________ 30

Chapel Hill, wells near________ 41

Cherokee County, artesian wells in_ 63

shallow wells in_________ 63

Chesteryille, artesian wells near__ 3

irrigation near_________ 3

Clay, wells at_______________ 60

wells at, record of_____ 61

water of, analysis of____ 61

Cleveland, well at, record of__ 44

well at, water of, analysis of_ 44

Clodine, wells at_________ 24

Colorado County, artesian wells in__ 40

artesian wells in, record of___ 40

shallow wells in__________ 39

Columbia, wells near _______ _ 21

Columbus, well at, record of 40

69
YO INDEX.

Page.

Conroe, well at, record of_______ 45-46 

well at, water of, analysis of_ 46 

Cooks Point, wells near________ 60 

Corpus Christi, elevation at______ 2 

Cotulla, wells near__________ 53

Counties, underground water in, description of______ ,°>-67 

Courtney, wells near_________ 42 

Cretaceous rocks, occurrence of___ 2 

Crockett, well at_____________

Cuero, well near, record of_______

Cunningham farm, wells on_______

63

24

D.

Damon mound, well at________ 21

Davenport, well at__________ 56

Deepwater, wells at__________ 24, 25

Deerpark, wells at__________ 25

Derby, wells at and near______ 54

Dewet, wells at and near_______ 36

Dewitt County, artesian wells in___ 35

artesian wells in, record of___ 35

shallow wells in__________ 34

Dickinson, wells at and near____ 29

Dies, well at_____________ 47

well at, record of________ 47

water of, analysis of____ 47

Dinimit County, artesian wells in__ 51

artesian wells in, record of___ 52

shallow wells in_________ 51

Double Bayou, wells at and near__ 31

Drainage, sketch of__________ 2

Duval Couuty, artesian wells in__ 33

shallow wells in__________ 33

E.

Eagle Lake, wells near___________

East Bernard, artesian wells nearirrigation near____________

Echo, wells at and near________

Edgewater, well at___________

Edna, wells near____________

El Campo, artesian wells near____

irrigation near.__________

Elevations, range of_________

Encinal, well at_____________

Engle, wells near____________

Erin, wells at_____________

F.

Falfurrias, wells near____________

Fayette County, artesian wells in___ 

shallow wells in____________

Floresville, wells near_________

Fort Bend County, deep wells in_. 

shallow wells in______________

Freestone County, artesian wells inshallow wells in__________

Frio County, artesian wells in_____

shallow wells in_____________

view of_ _____________

Frio River, wells on_______________

39 

3 

3

33

29

16

3

3

o

53

39

24

39

39

57

24

24

63

63

54

54

1

53

G.

Galveston, water supply of________

well at____-1__ _________

record of ____________

Galveston County, artesian wells in_

artesian wells in, records of__

shallow wells in__________

Galveston well, record of__ __ 

Genoa, wells at and near________

Gentry (Charles) well, record of___ 

Geography, sketch of_____ __ 

Geology, sketch of____________

Gillis (John) ranch, well on____. 

Goball, well at________ ___

Goliad, well near____________

Goliad County, artesian wells in___

shallow wells in_____ ___

Gonzales, well near, record of_____

Gonzales County, artesian wells ia__ 

artesian wells in, record of____

shallow wells in__________

Grant, well near_____________

Gregg County, artesian wells in __

artesian wells in, record of-__-

shallow wells in____ _ __

Grimes County, artesian wells hi-_

artesian wells in, record of-___

water of, analysis of ____

shallow wells in ____________

Groveton, well at______ ____

Guadalupe County, artesian wells inshallow wells in __________

H.

Hallettsville, wells at and near __ 

Hampshire, wells near__________

Hardin County, artesian wells in___

artesian wells in, records of___

water of, analyses of___

shallow wells in _ __

Harris County, artesian wells in _

artesian wells in, record of____

shallow wells in __________

Harrisburg, well near______ ___

Harrison County, artesian wells inartesian wells in, record of^__ 

shallow wells in ________

Hawking, well near___________

Hawkinsville, well near _ _____

Hidalgo County, artesian wells in__

artesian wells in, records of-_

water of, analysis of ____

shallow wells in ___ _____

Hearne, wells near____________

Hempstead, wells at and near __ 

Hitchcock, wells near___________

Hoskins Mound, well at, record of__ 

Houston, water supply of__ ____

wells at__________ _____

record of _ _ ___

Houston County, artesian wells in__

shallow wells in __ _ ______

Humble, well at_______________

Page. 

3

27 

30

27-30

28-30

17

12 

25

37-38 

1-2

67

41

34

34

34

35-38 

37-38

35

60

66

66

60

42

42

42

42

63

57

57

38

31

47-48

47, 48

47,48

47

24-27 

26-27

24

25

67

67

67

07

19

7-8

7

58

. 41

29

23-24

3, 25

24, 25

26-27

63

63

25
INDEX. 71

Inez, well near__ 

Irrigation, use of_

Page.

16

3

J.

Jackson County, artesian wells in 16-18 

artesian wells in, records of__ 17-18 

shallow wells in ________ 16

Jasper County, artesian wells in__ 48-50 

artesian wells in, records of 49-50 

water of, analysis of______ 50 

shallow wells in _________ 48

Jefferson, well at___________ 67

Jefferson County, artesian wells in_ 31-32 

artesian well in, record of__ 32 

shallow wells in _________ 31

Karnes City, well at__________ 34

Karnes County, artesian wells in___ 34

shallow wells in _______ 34

Katy, wells at____________ 24

Kenard, wells near___________ 63 

Kenedy Pasture Company's wells,

list of___________ 4

Kemper, wells near__________ lt> 

King ranch, wells on________ 5, 7, 10

wells on, water of, analysis of_ 12

Kirbyville, well at____________ 48

well at, record of_________ 50

water of, analysis of____ 50

L.

La Porte, wells at and near______ 25

Lasalle County, artesian wells in__ 53

shallow wells in_________ 53

Lasater ( B. C.) ranch, wells on___ 7

wells on, waters of, analyses of_ 8, 9

Laureles ranch, wells on______ 11

Lavaca County, artesian wells in__ 38

shallow wells in__________ 38

League City, wells at_________ 29

Lee County, artesian wells in____ 58

shallow wells in__________ 58

Leesville, wells near__________ 35-3(5

I.eobau, well near____________ 58

Leon County, artesian wells in___ 62

shallow wells in_________ 62

Leon Springs, wells at_________ 55

Liberty, wells at and near______ 43

Liberty County, artesian wells in__ 43-44

artesian wells in, records of__ 43, 44

water of, analyses of____ 43, 44

shallow wells in__________ 43

Limestone County, artesian wells in_ 63

shallow wells in__________ 63

Live Oak County, artesian wells in__ 34

shallow wells in__________ 33

Location of region___________ 1

Lockhart, wells near________ 57, 58

Longview, well at, record of______ 66

M.

McMullen County, artesian wells in_ 54 

shallow wells in_________ 53

Madison County, artesian wells in__

shallow wells in_____-_____

Manvel, well near_______________

Marion County, artesian wells in___

shallow wells in____________

Markham, well near___________

Marshall, well at________ _ 

Martindale, wells near_____________

Matagorda, well near______ _ 

Matagorda County, artesian wells in_

shallow wells in__.________ 

Maverick County, artesian wells in_

shallow wells in______________

Maxwell, wells near___________

Maysfleld, well at________________

Meadow Brook County farms, wells 

on ________________

Mesquite well, water of, analysis of_ 

Midfleld, well near____________

Miguel, wells near___________

Mikesha, well near________ _ 

Milam County, artesian wells in____

shallow wells in__________

Montgomery County, artesian wells

62

21

19

19

19

19

51

51

57

59

24

0

in

54

34

59

59

44-46

44-46

45-46 

41 

25 

31 

60

artesian wells in, records of___ 

water of, analyses of______

shallow wells in___ ______

Morgan Point, wells at__ ________

Mount Belvieu, wells at and near___ 

Myers, wells at and near_________

N.

Nacogdoches, wells near_______ 64 

Nacogdoches County, artesian wells

in______________ 64

shallow wells in_________ 64

Navasota well, record of____ _ 4°

water of, analysis of______ 42

Newton County, artesian wells in _ 50

shallow wells in___________ 50

Ntieces County, artesian wells in__ 9-13

artesian wells in, records of___ 10-12

waters of, analyses of 12-13

shallow wells in____ _ 9

O.

Oakhurst, well at____ ____ 46

Oakville, wells at and near_____ 34

O'Donnell (J. H.) farm, wells at__ 24

Orange, wells at and near __ 32-33

Orange County, artesian wells in__ 32-33

shallow wells in 32

Ovejas well, record of 6

P.

Palacios, wells at________________

Palestine, wells at_______ __

Panola County, artesian wells in___

shallow wells in___ _______

Parker (Mit.) well, water of, analysis 

of __________________

Pasadena, wells at___ ._ __ 

Pearsall, well near, view of________

wells near _ _____

19

63

65

60

25

1

54
INDEX.

Pierce Station, well at, record of____

Pittsbridge, wells at and near____ 

Pleasanton, wells near________

Point Lavaca, wells near______

1'olk County, artesian wells in_____

shallow wells in_______ __

I'ort Arthur, well at___________

1'raha, wells at_____________

Q.

(juintana, well near.

20

60

55

14

46

46

31

39

21

R.

Rains Couuty, artesian wells in___ 65

shallow wells in_________ 65

Kancho, wells near__________ 35-37

Refugio County, artesian wells in__ 13-14

shallow wells in___________ 13

Rice, irrigation for___________ 3

Richmond, water supply of_______ 24

well at __________.______ 24 

Rio Grande embayment. wells in___ 3

wells in, plate showing____ 6 

Rita, wells near_____________ 6<>

Robertson County, artesian wells in_ 58-59

shallow wells in__________ 58 

Rusk County, artesian wells in___ 65

shallow wells in_________ 65

Sabine County, artesian wells in__ 6*

artesian wells in, record <»f_____ 

water of, analysis of______

shallow wells in____________

Sabine pass, well at__________

well at, record of___________

San Antonio, water supply oJ_____.

wells at and near__________

San Augustine County, artesian wells 

in______._________

shallow wells in__________

San Jacinto County, artesian wells 

in________________

shallow wells in___________

San Miguel Creek, wells on______

San Patricio County, artesian wells

shallow wells in__________

Sandy Poiiit, well near______ __

Santa Clara well, record of_____

Sauz ranch, wells at and near, records of __________

Scliulenburg, wells at___________

Seabrook, wells at and near__ ___ 

Seeligson ranch, wells on______

wells on, record of_______

water of, analysis of_____

Seguin, well near_____________

Shelby County, artesian wells in___

artesian wells in, record «f____ 

water of, analysis of_____

shallow wells in__________

Shiner, wells at and near ______

;-64 

(34 

(34 

63 

31

63 

(33

46 

4(3 

54

13

13

.1

12

39

25

11

12

13

57

65

65

65

65

38

Silsbee, well at____________

well at, record of___ ___

water of, analysis of____

Smith County, artesian wells in____

shallow wells in__ ___ _ __ 

Somerville, well near________ __

Starr County, artesian wells in___

artesian wells in, water of, analysis of______ _____

shallow wells in__________

Steeles store, well near________

Stuckdale, well near______ __

Stone City, well at and near__ 60, 

Stowell, well near____________

Strange, wells at_______________

Streams, character of___________

Stribling well, record of________

Sugar Land, \vells near___________

Sullivan ( D.) ranch, wells on____

Surfside, wells near______________

Sutherland Springs, well near______

T.

Tertiary rocks, occurrence of_ __ 

Texas City, wells at-___________

Texas Land and Cattle Company's 

ranch, wells on______

Thorndale. well at___________

Tilden, wells at and near__ ____

Topography, sketch of_________

Trinity River, well at, record of____

well at, water of, analysis of__

Tunis, well near, water of, analysis

of________________

Tyler County, artesian wells in___

shallow wells in_________

Page. 

47 

47 

47 

66 

6G

60 

8-9

9

8

61

57

61, 62

31

21

57

11

59

54

2

43

43

60

48

48

Underground water, description of,

by counties ________ 3-67

Union, well near_________ ____ 57

Upshur County, artesian wells in__ 67 

shallow wells in________ 67

Van Zandt County, artesian wells in 65

shallow wells in___-_________ 65

Vanraub, wells near_________ 55

Velasco, wells near ____ 21

Victoria, well at and near______ 16

Victoria County, artesian wells in__ 15-16

shallow wells in____-_-_-___ 15

Votaw, well at_ ____ 47

well at, record of________ 48

water of, analysis of___ _ 48

Wadsworth, well near___________ 19

Walker County, artesian wells in__ 46

shallow wells in __ 46

Waller County, artesian wells in 41
INDEX. 73

	Page.

Waller County, shallow wells in__ 41

Waller, well near__________ 41

Wallisville, well at__________ 31

Ward and Russell ranch, wells on_ 7

Washington, well at_________ 41 

Washington County, artesian wells

in _____________ 41

shallow wells in_________ 41 

Water, underground, description of,

by counties---____ 3-67

importance of___________ 2-3

Webb County, artesian wells in___ 51

shallow wells in_________ 50

Webster, artesian wells near____ 3

irrigation near__________ 3

wells at and near _________ 25

Wells, artesian, flow of_._____ 3

location of, map showing____ 2

occurrence of___________ 2-3

views of____.__________ 4, 54

Wharton County, artesian wells in_ 19-21

artesian wells in, record of__ 20-21

shallow wells in_____ _ - 19

White Sulphur well, water of, analysis of ______ 8

Whittaker, wells at and near____ 60 

Wiess and Sanders ranch, wells on_ 48

wells on, records of______ 49 50

Wiess Bluff, well near________ 48

Wilson County, artesian wells in__ 57

 shallow wells in_________ 57

Wood County, artesian wells in 66

shallow wells in________ __ 66

Woodville, well near_______-_ 48 

Wooster, well near__ _ _ 25 

Wrightsboro, wells near 35-36

Yoakum, well at__ 

Yorktown, wells at_

Z.

Zapata County, artesian wells in_ 33

shallow wells in 33

Zavalla County, artesian wells in 52

shallow wells in 52
CLASSIFICATION OF THE PUBLICATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICALSURVEY.

[Water-Supply Paper No. 190.]

The publications of the United States Geological Survey consist of (1) Annual 

Reports, (2) Monographs, (3) Professional Papers, (4) Bulletins, (5) Mineral 

Resources, (6) Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers, (7) Topographic Atlas of United 

States folios and separate sheets thereof, (8) Geologic Atlas of United States folios 

thereof. The classes numbered 2, 7, and 8 are sold at cost of publication; the others 

are distributed free. A circular giving complete lists can be had on application.

Most of the above publications can be obtained or consulted in the following ways:

1. A limited number are delivered to the Director of the Survey, from whom they 

can be obtained, free of charge (except classes 2, 7, and 8), on application.

2. A certain number are delivered to Senators and Representatives in Congress for 

distribution.

3. Other copies are deposited with the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, 

D. 0., from whom they can be had at prices slightly above cost.

4. Copies of all Government publications are furnished to the principal public 

libraries in the large cities throughout the United States, where they can be consulted 

by those interested.

The Professional Papers, Bulletins, and Water-Supply Papers treat of a variety of 

subjects, and the total number issued is large. They have therefore been classified 

into the following series: A, Economic geology; B, Descriptive geology; C, Systematic geology and paleontology; D, Petrography and mineralogy; E, Chemistry and 

physics; F, Geography; G, Miscellaneous; H, Forestry; I, Irrigation; J, Water storage; K, Pumping water; L, Quality of water; M, General hydrographic investigations; N, Water power; 0, Underground waters; P, Hydrographic progress reports. 

This paper is the sixty-seventh in Series O, the complete list of which follows: (PP= 

Professional Paper; B=Bulletin; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

SERIES O, UNDERGROUND WATERS.

WS 4. A reconnaissance in southeastern Washington, by I. C. Russell. 1897. 96 pp., 7 pis. (Out of

stock.) 

WS 6. Underground waters of southwestern Kansas, by Erasmus Haworth. 1897. 65 pp., 12 pis.

(Out of stock )

WS 7. Seepage waters of northern Utah, by Samuel Fortier. 1897. 50 pp., 3 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 12. Underground waters of southeastern Nebraska, by N. H. Darton. 1898. 56 pp., 21 pis. (Out

of stock.)

WS 21. Wells of northern Indiana, by Frank Leverett. 1899. 82 pp., 2 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 26. Wells of southern Indiana (continuation of No. 21), by Frank Leverett. i899. 64 pp. (Out

of stock.) 

WS 30. Water resources of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan, by A. C. Lane. 1899. 97 pp., 7 pis. (Out

of stock.)

WS 31. Lower Michigan mineral waters, by A. C. Lane. 1899. 97 pp., 4 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 34. Geology and vater resources of a portion of southeastern South Dakota, by J. E. Todd. 1900.

34 pp., 19 pis. 

WS 53. Geology and water resources of Nez Perces County, Idaho, Pt. I, by 1, C. Russell. 1901.

86 pp., 10 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 54. Geology and water resources of Nez Perces County, Idaho, Pt. II, by I. C. Russell. 1901.

87-141 pp. (Out of stock.)

I
II SERIES LIST.

WS 55. Geology and water resources of a portion of Yakima County, Wash., by G. O. Smith. 1901.

68pp., 7 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 57. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Pt. I, by N. H. Darton. 1902. 60 pp.

(Out of stock.) 

WS 59. Development and application of water in southern California, Pt. I, by J. B. Lippincott. 1902.

95 pp., 11 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 60. Development and application of water in southern California, Pt. II, by J. B. Lippincott. 1902.

96-140 pp. (Out of stock.) 

WS 61. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, Pt. II, by N. H. Darton. 1902. 67 pp.

(Out of stock.)

WS 67. The motions of underground waters, by C. S. Slichter. 1902. 106 pp., 8 pis. (Out of stock.) 

B 199. Geology and water resources of the Snake River Plains of Idab.6, by I. C. Russell. 1902. 192

pp., 25 pis.

WS 77. Water resources of Molokai, Hawaiian Islands, by Waldemar Lindgren. 1903. 62 pp., 4 pis. 

WS 78. Preliminary report on artesian basins in southwestern Idaho "and southeastern Oregon, by

I. C. Russell. 1903. 53 pp., 2 pis. 

PP 17. Preliminary report on the geology and water resources of Nebraska west of the one hundred

and third meridian by N. H. Darton. 1903. 69 pp., 43 pis. 

WS 90. Geology and water resources of a part of the lower James River Valley, South Dakota, by J. E.

Todd and C. M. Hall. 1904. 47 pp., 23 pis. 

WS 101. Underground waters of southern Louisiana, by G. D. Harris, with discussions of their uses

for water supplies and for rice irrigation, by M. L. Fuller. 1904. 98 pp., 11 pis.

WS 102. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States, 1903, by M. L. Fuller. 1904. 522 pp. 

WS 104. Underground waters of Gila Valley, Arizona, by W. T. Lee. 1904. 71 pp , 5 pis. 

WS 106. Water resources of the Philadelphia district, by Florence Bascom. 1904. 75 pp., 4 pis. 

WS 110. Contributions tothe hydrology of eastern United States, 1904; M. L Fuller, geologist in charge.

1904. 211 pp., 5 pis. 

PP 32. Geology and underground water resources of the central Great Plains, by N. H. Darton. 1904.

433 pp., 72 pis. (Out of stock.) 

WS 111. Preliminary report on underground waters of Washington by Henry Landes. 1904. 85pp.,

Ipl. 

WS 112. Underflow tests in the drainage basin of Los Angeles River, by Homer Hamlin. 1904. 55

pp., 7 pis. 

WS 114. Underground waters of eastern United States, by M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge. 1904.

285pp., 18 pis. 

WS 118. Geology and water resources of east-central Washington, by F. C. Calkins. 1905. 96 pp.,

4 pis. 

B 252 Preliminary report on the geology and water resources of central Oregon, by 1. C. Russell.

1905. 138 pp., 24 pis. 

WS 120. Bibliographic review and index of papers relating to underground waters published by the

United States Geological Survey, 1879-1904, by M. L. Fuller. 1905. 128 pp. 

WS 122. Relation of the law to underground waters, by D. W. Johnson. 1905. 55 pp. 

WS 123. Geology and underground water conditions ot the Jornada del Muerto, New Mexico, by C. R.

Keyes. 1905. 42 pp. 9 pis.

WS 136. Undergroundwaters of the Salt River Valley, by W. T. L^e. 1905. 194 pp., 24 pis. 

B264. Record of deep-well drilling for 1904, by M. L. Fuller, E.'F. Lines, and A. C. Veatch. 1905.

106 pp. 

PP 44. Underground water resources of Long Island, New York, iby A. C. Veatch and others. 1905.

394pp., 34 pis.

WS 137. Development of underground waters in the eastern coastal plain region of southern California, by W. C. Mendenhall. 1905. 140 pp., 7 pis.

WS 138. Development of underground waters in the central coastal plain region of southern California, by W. C. Mendenhall. 1905. 162 pp., 5 pis.

WS 139. Development of underground waters in the western coastal plain region of southern California, by W. C. Mendenhall. 1905. 105 pp., 7 pis. 

WS 140. Field menasrements of the rate of movemen of underground waters, by C. S. Slichter. 1905.

122 pp., 15 pis. 

WS 141. Observations on the ground waters of Rio Grande Valley, by C. S. Slichter. 1905. 83 pp.,

" 5 ph.

WS 142. Hydrology of San Bernardino Valley, California, by W. C. Mendenhall. 1905. 124 pp., 13 pis. 

W 145. Contributions to the hydrology of eastern United States; M. L. Fuller, geologist in charge.

1905. 220 pp., 6 pis.

WS 148. Geology and water resources of Oklahoma, by C. N. Gould. 1905. 178 pp., 22 pis. 

WS 149. Preliminary list of deep borings in the United States, second edition, with additions, by

N. H. Darton. 1905. 175 pp. 

PP 46. Geology and underground water resources of northern Louisiana and southern Arkansas, by

A. C. Veatch. 1906. 422 pp., 51 pis. 

WS 153. The underflow in Arkansas Valley in western Kansas, by C. S. Slichter. 1906. 90 pp., B pis.
SERIES LIST. Ill

WS 154. The geology and water resources of the eastern portion of the Panhandle of Texas, by C. N.

Gould. 1906. 64 pp., 15 pis. 

WS 155. Fluctuations of the water level in wells, with special reference to Long Island, New York, by

A. C. Veatch. 1906. 83 pp., 9 pis. 

WS 157. Underground water in the valleys of Utah Lake and Jordan River, Utah, by G. B. Richardson.

1906. 81 pp., 9 pis. 

WS 158. Preliminary report on the geology and underground waters of the Koswell artesian area,

New Mexico, by C. A Fisher. 1906. 29 pp., 9 pis. 

PP 52. Geology and underground waters of the Arkansas Valley in eastern Colorado, by N. H. Darton.

1906. 90pp., 28 pis. 

WS 159. Summary of underground-water resources of Mississippi, by A. F. Crider and L. C. Johnson.

1906. 86 pp., 6 pis. 

PP 53. Geology and water resources of the Bighorn basin, Wyoming, by C. A. Fisher. 1906. 72 pp.,

16 pis.

WS 1607 Underground-water papers, 1906, by M. L. Fuller. 1906. 104 pp., 1 pi. (Out of stock.) 

WS 163. Bibliographic review and index of underground-water literature published in the United

States in 1905, by M. L. Fuller, F. G. Clapp, and B. L. Johnson. 1906. 130 pp.

WS 164. Underground waters of Tennessee and Kentucky west of Tennessee River and of an adjacent area in Illinois, by L. C. Glenn. 1906. 173 pp., 7 pis. 

WS 181. Geology and water resources of Owens Valley, California, by W. T. Lee. 1906 28 pp., 6 pis.

(Out of stock.)

WS 182. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the southern portion of the Southern Peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett and others. 1906. 292 pp., 5 pis. 

WS 183. Flowing wells and municipal water supplies in the middle and northern portions of the

Southern Peninsula of Michigan, by Frank Leverett and others. 1906. 393 pp., 5 pis. 

B 298. Record of deep-well drilling for 1905, by M. L. Fuller and Samuel Sanford. 1906. 299 pp. 

WS 184. The underflow of the South Platte Valley, by C. S. Slichter and H. C. Wolff. 1906. 42 pp. 

WS 188. Water resources of the Rio Grande Valley in New Mexico and their development, by W. T.

Lee. 1906. 59pp., 10 pis. 

WS 190. Underground waters of Coastal Plain of Texas, by T. U. Taylor. 1907. 73 pp., 3 pis.

The following papers also relate to this subject: Underground waters of Arkansas Valley in eastern Colorado, by G. K. Gilbert, in Seventeenth Annual, Pt. II; Preliminary report on artesian waters 

of a portion of the Dakotas, by N. H. Darton, in Seventeenth Annual, Pt. II; Water resources of 

Illinois, by Frank Leverett, in Seventeenth Annual, Pt. II; Water resources of Indiana and Ohio, 

by Frank Leverett, in Eighteenth Annual, Pt. IV; New developments in well boring and irrigation 

in eastern South Dakota, by N. H. Darton, in Eighteenth Annual, Pt. IV; Rock waters of Ohio, 

by Edward Orton, in Nineteenth Annual, Pt. IV; Artesian-well prospects in the Atlantic coastal 

plain region, by N. H. Darton, Bulletin No. 138.

Correspondence should be addressed to

THE DIRECTOR,

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY,

WASHINGTON, D. C. 

APRIL, 1907.

o

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