OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

ACL POLICY AND INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS 

APPENDICES 
OSW E R Directive 948 1 . 00-6C 

APPENDICES 

A. Outline of Information That May Be Cross Referenced 

From the Permit Application 

B. Summary of Tables, Figures, and Information Required 

to Support an ACL Demonstration 

C. Summary Sheet of Hazardous Constituent Properties 

D. Summary Sheet on Health Effects Factors 

E. Standard Factors Used in Exposure Assessments 

II 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

APPENDIX A 

Outline of Information That May Be 

Cross Referenced from the Permit Application 

A-1 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

The following information, required in the Part B permit, may be ~ross-referenced 

in the ACL application: 

§270.14(b) General information requirements for all hazardous waste 

management facilities. 

(I) General description of the facility. 

(2) Chemical and physical analyses of the hazardous waste, in 

accordance with Part 264. 

(8) Description of the procedures, structures, or equipment used at the 

facility to prevent contamination of water supplies. 

(II) Facility location information: 

(i) Identification of the political jurisdiction (e.g., county or 

township) in which the facility is located, 

(ii) If the facility is located in an area listed in Appendix VI of Part 

264, information must be submitted to demonstrate 

compliance with the seismic standard under §264.18(a), 

(iii) Identification of whether a facility is located within a 100-year 

floodplain, 

(iv) Information required if a facility is located in a 100- year 

floodplain. 

(19) A topographic map clearly showing: 

(i) Map scale (at least one inch: 200 feet) and date, 

(ii) 100-year floodplain area, 

(iii) Surface waters including intermittent streams, 

(iv) Surrounding land uses, 

(vi) Orientation of the map, 

(vii) Legal boundaries of the facility, 

(ix) Injection and withdrawal wells, both on-site and off- site, 

A-2 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

(x) Buildings, treatment, storage, or disposal operations, or other 

structures, 

(xi) Barriers for drainage or flood controls, and 

(xii) Location of operational units within the facility site, where 

hazardous waste is or will be. 

§270.14(c) Additional information required for the protection of ground 

water for hazardous waste surface impoundments, piles, land 

treatment units, and landfills. 

(1) A summary of the interim status ground-water monitoring data. 

(2) Identification of the uppermost aquifer and aquifers hydraulically 

interconnected beneath the facility property, including groundwater flow direction and rate, and the basis for such identification. 

(3) Additional information to be included on the topographic map: 

(a) Delineation of the waste management area, the property 

boundary, and the proposed "point of compliance;" 

(b) The location of ground-water monitoring wells; and 

(c) The hydrogeologic information required under §270.14(c)(2). 

(4) A description of any plume of contamination that has entered the 

ground water that: 

(i) Delineates the extent of the plume on the topographic map, 

and 

(ii) identifies the concentration of each Part 261 Appendix VIII 

constituent throughout the plume, or identifies the maximum 

concentrations of each Appendix VIII constituent in the plume. 

(7) Information needed to establish a compliance monitoring program 

under §264.99: 

(i) A description of the wastes previously handled at the facility; 

A-3 
OSWER Directive 9481.00·6C 

(ii) A characterization of the contaminated ground water, 

including concentrations of hazardous constituents; 

(iii) A list of hazardous constituents for which compliance 

monitoring will be undertaken in accordance with §§264.97 

and 264.99; 

(iv) Proposed concentration limits for each hazardous constituent, 

based on the criteria set forth in §264.94(a). including a 

justification for establishing any ACLs; 

(v) Detailed plans and an engineering report describing the 

proposed ground-water monitoring program to be 

implemented to meet the requirements of §264.97; and 

(vi) A description of the proposed sampling, analysis, and 

statistical comparison procedures to be utilized in evaluating 

ground-water monitoring data. 

The following additional sections of the Part B permit application may also be used 

in an ACL demonstration if they apply to the site-specific characteristics: 

§270.14(b)(S) General inspection requirements under §264.1S(b), if 

applicable to the ACL demonstration. 

(13) A copy of the closure plan and the post-closure plan, if applicable to 

the ACL demonstration. 

(20) Additional information necessary to satisfy other Federal law 

requirements under §270.3. These laws may include: 

(a) The Wild and Scenic Rivers Act (16 USC 1273), 

(b) The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (16 USC 470), 

(c) The Endangered Species Act (16 USC 1531), 

(d) The Coastal Zone Management Act (16 USC 1451). or 

(e) The Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act (16 USC 661). 

A-4 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

§270.14(c)(8) Information n!'!eded to establish either a corrective action 

program that meets the requirements of §264.100, if 

applicable to the ACL demonstration, or a compliance 

monitoring program that meets the requirements of §§264.99 

and 270.14(c)(6). 

A-5 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

APPENDIX B 

Summary of Figures, Tables, and 

Information Required in ACL Demonstrations 

1. Figures 

2. Tables 

3. Information 

B-1 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

This appendix can be used as a quick reference to determine what types of 

information are needed for various types of ACL demonstrations. As was discussed 

in earlier chapters, not all the information discussed in this document is necessary in 

all applications. The applicant is responsible for deciding what information is 

necessary for the site, though the appropriate permitting authority may provide 

some help in making this determination. Most notably, a simplified ACL 

demonstration may be based strictly on an EPA reviewed dose level (with no 

mechanisms of attenuation considered). In some cases, as was discussed in the first 

chapter, this may be the only type of ACL demonstration acceptable to EPA. 

However, all ACL applications are required to provide certain information. If 

this information is not provided or is supplied in an unacceptable form, then the 

ground-water protection standard will be set at background or one of the MCLs 

listed in the regulations (40 CFR §264.94(a)). This appendix points out what 

information is usually required in all demonstrations, and what additional 

information may be required in some cases. 

This appendix is only a summary; it is not comprehensive. The applicant or 

reviewer should refer to the main body of the guidance for a more thorough 

discussion of the types of information needed in an ACL application. 

B-2 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

FIGURES 

A. Figures That Should Be Included in All ACL Demonstrations 

1. Plume map(s) of each hazardous constituent 

2. A site map showing: 

• all structures 

• all waste management areas 

• all monitoring wells and surface water sampling locations (if 

applicable} 

• all ground-water withdrawal and injection wells 

• all surface water bodies 

3. Horizontal and vertical ground-water flow map(s) 

B. Figures That Should Be Included in All Detailed Demonstrations 

1. Areal soil map 

2. Vertical soil map 

3. Facility subsurface stratigraphy map(s) 

4. Regional subsurface stratigraphy map(s) 

5. 100 year floodplain map 

6. Ground-water recharge and discharge map 

7. Agricultural land uses map 

C. Additional Figures That May Be Necessary in a Demonstration 

1. Withdrawal well cones of depression 

2. Map showing locations of other potential sources of pollution 

3. Map showing locations of stressed terrestrial environments 

4. Map showing locations of stressed aquatic environments 

B-3 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

TABLES 

A. Tables That Should Be Included in All ACL Demonstrations 

1. Background concentration of each hazardous constituent in both ground 

water and each surface water body (if applicable) 

2. Uppermost aquifer characteristics 

3. Ground-water well location and use information 

4. Health effects information of each constituent (including EPA-reviewed 

allowable dose levels if available) 

B. Tables That Should Be included in All Detailed Demonstrations 

1. Location information of surface water bodies 

2. Soil characteristics 

3. Subsurface geology characteristics 

4. Horizontal flow net data 

5. Vertical flow net data 

6. Ground-water withdrawal data (if applicable) 

7. Annual and monthly precipitation data 

8. Endangered and threatened species information (if applicable) 

9. Degradation and attenuation properties of hazardous constituents 

10. Soil attenuation properties 

11. Mathematical model(s) assumptions (if applicable) 

12. Ground-water use 

C. Additional Tables That May Be Necessary in a Demonstration 

1. Physical characteristics data of each water body 

2. Designated uses of each surface water body 

3. Point source information 

4. Population characteristics 

5. Toxicity information on terrestrial impacts 

6. Terrestrial environment diversity information 

B-4 
TABLES (CONT'D) 

7. Aquatic toxicity information 

8. Aquatic diversity 

9. Agricultural crop impacts data 

10. Animal husbandry impacts data 

1 1. Agricultural land use information 

12. Physical structural impacts data 

B-5 

OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

· INFORMATION 

Hazardous Constituent Characteristics (Chapter II) 

1. Extent of Ground-Water Contamination (§270.14(c)) 

A. Information Required for All Demonstrations 

i. Appendix VIII (under revision to Appendix IX of Part 264) 

analysis results 

ii. plume definition of each hazardous constituent 

2. Waste Characteristics (§264.13) 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. quantity of waste in regulated unit 

iii. characteristics of waste in regulated unit 

3. Characteristics of ACL Constituents 

A. Information Required for a Detailed Demonstration 

i. density 

11. solubility 

iii. vapor pressure 

iv. viscosity 

v. octanol·water partitioning coefficient (if applicable) 

B. Additional Information That May Be Required Depending on FateRelated Arguments 

i. chemical degradation data 

a. oxidation 

b. reduction 

c. hydrolysis 

11. biological degradation data 

a. biodegradation 

b. biotransformation 

8-6 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

iii. physical attenuation data 

a. ion exchange 

b. precipitation 

c. complexation 

B-7 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

Hydrogeological Characteristics (Chapter Ill) 

1. Identification of Uppermost Aquifer {§270.14(c)) 

A. Information Required in all Demonstrations 

1. horizontal extent 

ii. vertical extent 

2. Characteristics of Each Soil Type 

A. Information Required for a Detailed Demonstration 

1. thickness 

11. areal extent 

iii. hydraulic properties 

B. Additional Information That May be Required Depending on 

Attenuation Arguments 

i. dispersion properties 

ii. retardation and sorptive properties 

a. organic and mineral content 

b. cation and ion exchange 

c. grain size 

3. Characteristics of Each Subsurface Stratigraphic Unit 

A. Information Required in a Detailed Demonstration 

1. horizontal and vertical extent 

ii. hydrologic properties 

a. hydraulic conductivity 

b. specific yield or storage 

c. effective porosity 

B. Additional Information Required if Aquitard is Present 

1. hydraulic conductivity 

ii. pump test results 

B-8 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

Ground-Water Flow Direction and Quantity (Chapter IV) 

1. Ground-Water Flow Characteristics (§270.14(c)) 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

1. horizontal flow in saturated zone 

a. ground-water elevation data 

b. storage or specific yield data 

11. vertical flow in saturated zone 

a. nested piezometer data 

b. storage data 

B. Additional Information That May Be Required Depending on Site 

Conditions 

1. temporal variability in ground-water flow 

a. seasonal recharge patterns 

b. surface water elevation changes 

1. tidal effects 

2. riverine or lake 

ii. ground-water withdrawal effects on ground-water flow 

a. drawdown effects 

B-9 
OSWER Directive 9481 .00-6C 

Rainfall (Chapter V) 

1. Precipitation Characteristics 

A. Information Required in a Detailed Demonstration 

i. monthly rainfall and/or snowfall 

11. effects of rainfall on seasonal recharge 

B. Additional Information Required if Surface Waters are Nearby (see 

Chapter VII) 

i. storm frequency patterns (1, 10, 25, 100 years) 

ii. effects of storms on infiltration 

iii. effects of storms or flooding 

a. 100-yearfloodplain (§270.14(b)) 

iv. site-specific characteristics affecting flooding and infiltration 

v. ground-water discharge pathways 

B-10 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

Proximity of Surface Water and Ground-Water Users (Chapter VI) 

1. Surface Water Information 

A. Information Required in a Detailed Demonstration 

1. location of each water body within 5 km downgradient of facility 

a. distance from facility 

b. travel time of ACL constituents from facility to the water body 

B. Additional Information is Required if Ground-Water Discharge of ACL 

Constituents is Likely to Reach Surface Waters 

1. physical characteristics of each water body 

a. dimensions 

b. hydraulic residence time, flow rate, or tidal periodicity 

ii. discharge zone size 

2. Ground-Water User Information 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. location and distance from facility of ground water users 

ii. types of users 

a. potable 

b. domestic 

c. industrial 

d. agricultural 

e. recharge 

B. Additional Information That May Be Required 

1. demography of surrounding area 

ii. zoning patterns 

iii. projected population growth 

iv. projected ground-water use 

B-11 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

Uses of Ground Water and Surface Water (Chapter VII) 

1. Ground-Water Uses 

A. Information Required in a Detailed Demonstration 

i. use or potential use of local ground water 

ii. State certification of groundwater's beneficial use 

2. Surface Water Uses 

A. Additional Information is Required if Surface Waters are Nearby and 

Contaminated Ground Water Discharge is Likely 

i. designated use of each water body 

a. drinking water source 

b. fish and wildlife propagation 

c. industrial or agricultural use 

d. area of ecological concern 

e. recreational area 

B-12 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

Existing Quality of Ground Water and Surface Water 

and Other Sources of Contamination (Chapter VIII) 

1. Ground-Water Background Quality (§264.99) 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. ground-water assessment for Appendix VIII constituents 

a. hydrologic units in uppermost aquifer 

b. upgradient of facility 

B. Additional Useful Information 

i. historical regional ground-water quality information 

2. Surface Water Quality 

A. Additional Information is Required if Ground-Water Discharge of ACL 

Constituents to Surface Waters is Likely 

i. surface water assessment for ACL constituents 

a. each surface water body that receives the contaminated 

ground water or that is downstream from a water body that 

does 

ii. historical regional ground-water quality information 

3. Ground-Water Contamination Sources 

A. Information Required in All Detailed Demonstrations 

i. statement as to the presence or absence of other contamination 

sources 

B. Additional Information is Required if Background Ground Water is 

Contaminated 

i. location of other potential sources of contamination, including 

other RCRA facilities, Superfund sites, landfills, industrial areas, 

surface impoundments, etc. 

ii. available ground-water data from these sources 

B-13 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6( 

4. Surface Water Contamination Sources 

A. Additional Information is Required if Ground-Water Discharge of ACL 

Constituents to Surface Water is Likely 

1. statement as to the presence or absence of other surface water 

contamination sources 

11. point source loading information including industrial facilities and 

publicly owned treatment works (POTWs) 

a. NPDES permit information 

b. waste load allocations 

c. mixing zone information 

d. monitoring data 

iii. Non-point source loading information including run-off and 

infiltration sources 

B-14 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

Potential Health Risks (Chapter IX) 

1. Exposure Assessment 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. location of potential point of exposure (POE) 

ii. information or type of assumptions used for exposure 

B. Additional Information is Required Depending on Likelihood of Exposure 

(e.g., off-site plume, on-site ground-water use) 

i. description of likely exposure pathways 

a. drinking water (ground or surface water) 

b. ingestion of contaminated food (aquatic or agricultural 

products) 

c. dermal contact (bathing or recreation) 

d. inhalation of volatile organics 

ii. population information 

a. sensitive subgroups 

2. Health Assessment 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. allowable exposure levels for each ACL contaminant 

a. Reference Dose level (RfD) 

b. Potency Factor (PF) 

ii. basic toxicological data if EPA approved allowable exposure levels 

are not available 

iii. cumulative impacts if background is contaminated 

iv. if applicable and available, data on additive impacts for mixtures of 

contaminants 

B-15 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

Potential Environmental Impacts (Chapter X) 

1. Terrestriallmpacts 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

1. statement as to the likelihood of any terrestrial environmental 

exposure 

B. Additional Information is Required if Terrestrial Environmental Exposure 

Can Occur 

1. toxicity and bioaccumulation values for ACL constituents 

ii. environmental effects for ACL constituents 

a. literature description 

b. stressed vegetation analysis and diversity studies if exposure 

has occurred 

2. Endangered Species Impacts 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. statement describing the presence of any endangered or 

threatened species near the facility 

B. Additional Information is Required if Endangered or Threatened Species 

are Found Near the Facility 

1. assessment of habitat impacts due to ACL constituents 

ii. assessment of species impacts 

3. Aquatic Impact Assessment 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. statement as to the likelihood of aquatic environmental exposures 

B-16 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

B_ Additional Information is Required if Aquatic Environmental Exposure 

Can Occur 

i. sampling protocol to show no statistical significance 

a_ QA/QC 

b. sampling points and justification 

ii. data requirements 

a. water 

b. sediment 

4. Agriculturallmpacts 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. statement as to the likelihood of agricultural operations exposures 

B. Additional Information is Required if Exposure is Likely 

i. data on agricultural land use near the facility 

ii. information on exposure pathways including shallow ground water 

and irrigation 

iii. assessment of crop impacts 

iv. assessment of livestock impacts 

5. Physical Structure Impacts 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. statement as to the likelihood of physical structure exposure 

B. Additional Information is Required if Exposure is Likely 

i. data on physical structures in area 

ii. information on exposure pathways 

iii. assessment of reactivity, ignitability, and migration potential of 

ACL constituents and their impact or physical structure 

B-17 
OSWER Directive 9481.00·6( 

Persistence of Contamination and Permanence 

of Effects (Chapter XI) 

1. Persistence 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

1. statement on whether degradation of ACL constituent is used as a 

fate-related argument 

B. Additional Information is Required if Fate Arguments are Used 

1. assessment of degradation of ACL constituents 

(Chapter II information) 

a. biodegradation, bioconcentration, biotransformation 

b. oxidation/reduction 

c. hydrolysis 

d. precipitation, ion exchange, complexation 

ii. assessment of rates of degradation 

a. parameters 

b. coefficients 

c. assumptions 

2. Permanence 

A. Information Required in All Demonstrations 

i. statement on whether acceptable risk arguments are used 

B. Additional Information is Required if Exposures Do Occur 

i. long-term effects associated with exposure to ACL contaminants 

a. chronic effect levels 

b. reve rsi b i I ity of effect 

B- 18 
OSWER Directive 9841.00-6( 

APPENDIXC 

Summary Sheet of Hazardous Constituent Properties 

C-1 
OSWER Directive9841.00-6C 

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF EACH HAZARDOUS CONSTITUENT 

1. Name of Constituent: 

2. CAS#: 

3. Molecular Weight: 

4. Physical state of product/chemical and quantity during storage or disposal. 

Storage Disposal 

Solid 

Gas 

Liquid 

5. Melting Point: 

6. Boiling Point: 

7. Solubilities in: 

a. Water: 

b. Nonaqueous Solvent (specify): ----------

8. Dissociation Constant (specify): 

9. Partition Coefficient (Kow): 

10. Density: 

11. Reactivity (specify) 

a. Photochemical Degradation: 

b. Hydrolysis: 

c. Chemical Oxidat""lo::-:n:-::-----------

d. Chemical Reduction: --------------------- 12. VaporPressure: _______________ _ 

13. Henry's Law Constant: 

14. Viscosity of Liquids: 

15. Biodegradation Characteristics: ----------------

16. Adsorption/Desorption Characteristics: 

17. Chemicallncompatibility: 

18. pH: 

19. Decomposition Temperature: 

20. Decomposition Products: 

C-2 
OSWER Directive 9841.00-6( 

APPENDIX D 

Summary Sheet on Health Effects Factors 

D-1 
OSWER Directive 9841.00-6C 

SUMMARY SHEET ON HEALTH EFFECTS 

Name of Constituent: CAS #: ---------------------- ---------

AGENCY-REVIEWED ALLOWABLE HEALTH LEVELS 

Reference Other 

MCL Dose Risk Specific Dose (water quality criteria, 

etc.) 

Dose Potency Factor 

Assumptions Assumptions 

Concentration Concentration at 1 Q-6 

risk 

HEALTH EFFECTS TESTING, IF AGENCY-REVIEWED LEVELS ARE UNAVAILABLE 

1. a. Has the chemical been evaluated for the following: 

Test 

Effects Performed Effects Observed 

Yes No Yes No 

Oncogenicity 

Carcinogenicity 

Mutagenicity/Genotoxicity 

Teratogenicity/F.etotoxicity 

Chronic Toxicity 

Subacute Toxicity 

Other 

b. What organization performed the toxicology testing? 

c. Is a protocol for the testing available? Yes No 

d. Are copies of the testing reports available? Yes No 

If yes, attach copies and check here: ---

D-2 
OSWER Dire~tive 9841.00-6C 

2. If a positive response was given in any part of Question l.a, then summarize test(s) below. Make 

copies of the table and complete one table for each test performed on the subject chemical. 

a. Test Subjects Sex: Species: 

b. Dose and Duration Dose: 

Frequency of admm1strabon: 

Duration of exposure: 

c. Route of Exposure D Oral D Dermal D Eyes D Inhalation 

D Subcutaneous D Intramuscular 

D lnterperitoneal D Intravenous D Other 

d. Effects Observed 1! 

e. Protocol Followed DYes D No If yes, cite protocol: 

f. CommentsY 

g. Reference or Source 

11 Include non-tumor1 g emc and all other effects observed. dose levels at ' which the effects were observed, statistical evaluations of data, and 

latency periods observed. 

2/ Report any variables which may have affected the results obtained. 

D-3 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

APPENDIX E 

Standard Factors Used in Exposure Assessments 

E-1 
OSWER Directive 9481 00-6C 

Standard Factors Used in Exposure Assessments 

A. BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS 

Mass of Standard Humansl 

male adult: 70 kg 

female adult: GO kg 

Skin Surface Area2 

1.8 m2 

0.3 m2 

totally exposed (man 180 em high) 

assuming short-sleeved, open-necked shirts, pants, 

shoes, with no gloves or hats 

0.09 m2 assuming long sleeved shirts, gloves, pants, shoes. 

Effective Pore Size of Skin and Other External Membranes3 

4 Angstroms (0.4 nm) 

Amount of Food Consumption4 

1500 gm/day (excluding beverages) 

Drinking Water Consumptions 

1.9 liters per day average with a range of 1 to 2.4 liters per day (2 liters 

per day is frequently used). 

E-2 
OSWE R Directive 9481. 00-6C 

Respiratory RateS 

Adult man Adult woman 

minute volume (liters/min) 

resting 7.5 6.0 

light activity 20.0 19.0 

Liters of air breathed 

8 hr working "Light activity" 9,600 9,100 

8 hr nonoccupational activity 9,600 9,100 

8 hrresting 3,600 2,900 

Size of Respirable Particulates (aerodynamic diameter)3 

< 1 11m : 100% reach the alveoli; 0% retention in nasal passage 

211m : 80% reach the alveoli; 20% retention in nasal passage 

5 11m : 50% reach the alveoli; 50% retention in nasal passage 

> 10 11m : almost complete retention in nasal passage 

Child (10 yr) 

4.8 

13.0 

6,240 

6,240 

2,300 

-mouth breathers can inhale particles up to 15 11m aerodynamic diameter 

E-3 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-GC 

1980 U.S. Population by Age and Sex (in thousands)6 

Male 

Total, all years 

under 5 years 

5-9 years 

10-14 years 

15-19 years 

20-24 years 

25-29 years 

30-34 years 

35-39 years 

40-44years 

45-49 years 

50-54 years 

55-59 years 

60-64 years 

65 years and older 

median age (yrs.) 

Time Spent in Various Activities7 

activity budget for 8 hr workday: 

activity budget for 24 hr day: 

Birth RateS 

1980: 16.2 per 1,000 population 

Death Rate6 

1980:8.9 per 1,000 population 

Average Life Expectancy6 (1980) 

Male- 69.9 years 

Female -77.8 years 

E-4 

110,032 

8,360 

8,538 

9,315 

10,752 

10,660 

9,703 

8,676 

6,860 

5,708 

5,388 

5,620 

5,481 

4,669 

10,303 

28.8 

Female 

116,473 

7,984 

8,159 

8,926 

10,410 

10,652 

9,814 

8,882 

7,103 

5,961 

5,701 

6,089 

6,133 

5,419 

15,242 

31.3 

6 hr light work 

2 hr heavy work 

12 hr rest 

10 hr light work 

2 hr heavy work 

Total 

226,505 

16,344 

16,697 

18,241 

21 '162 

21,313 

19,518 

17,558 

13,963 

11,668 

11,088 

1 1,709 

11,614 

10,086 

25,544 

30.0 
OSWER Directive 9481.00-6( 

Employment by Industry (1980)6 

Total Percent 

(x 1 03) Female 

Agriculture, forestry, fisheries 3,470 19.5 

Mining 940 13.5 

Construction 6,065 8.0 

Manufacturing 21,593 31.4 

Transportation, communications, and other public 6,393 25.2 

utilities 

Wholesale and retail trade 19,727 46.4 

Wholesale trade 3,827 25.8 

Retail trade 15,900 51.4 

Finance, insurance, and real estate 5,860 58.2 

Banking and other finances 2,504 65.7 

Insurance and real estate 3,355 52.6 

Servicesa 27,983 61.3 

Business Services 2,308 45.1 

Automobile services 924 12.6 

Personal servicesa 3,738 73.2 

Private households 1,229 88.3 

Hotels and lodging places 1' 106 65.2 

Entertainment and recreation 1,017 39.1 

Professional and related services 19,472 65.7 

Hospitals 3,947 77.2 

Health services except hospitals 3,281 74.3 

Elementary, secondary schools 5,467 71.0 

Colleges and Universities 2,066 48.8 

Welfare and religious agencies 1,560 58.6 

Public administrationb 5,240 35.8 

a Includes mdustnes not shown separately 

b Includes workers involved in uniquely governmental activities, e.g., 

judicial and legislative 

E-5 
Farmss (1980) 

number of farms in the U.S. - 2.4 x 106 

total farm acreage in the U.S.- 1 x 109 acres 

average farm size in the U.S. - 430 acres 

Total Land in U.S.G 

2.3 x 109 acres 

Home GardensB 

average size- 750 ft2 

OSWER Direct1ve 9481.00-GC 

annual value of home grown produce- $14 billion 

percentage of U.S. household with gardens- 44% 

total amount of land used as gardens- 6 million acres 

House Size9 

142-425 m3 

Building Size for Typical Endosed Production FacilitylO 

7,000- 26,000 m3 (250,000- 925,000 ft3) 

C. CHEMICAL PARAMETERS 

pH Ranges for Various Water Quality Categoriesll 

Category 

Recreation and Aesthetics 

Public Water Supplies 

Fish, Aquatic, and Wildlife 

Marine and estaurine organisms 

Wildlife 

Fresh water organisms 

Agricultural Use 

Irrigation Water Supplies 

E-6 

Range 

5.0-9.0 

6.0-8.5 

6.0-9.0 

6.7-8.5 

7.0-9.2 

6.0-9.0 

5.5-9.0 

4.5-9.0 
D. PHYSICAL PARAMETERS 

Air Change Rate (Home Dwellinq)9 

0.25- 5 per hour 

Characterization of Production Emissions10 

Emission Route 

Process Vents 

Fugitive Emissions 

Storage and Transportation 

Solid and Liquid Waste 

Stream Emissions 

Average Wind Speed12 

5.5 m/sec 

E-7 

OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

% of Total Emissions of Air 

66-70% 

15- 20% 

8- 10% 

2-5% 
1-

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

REFERENCES 

Abraham, S., 1979. Weight and Height of Adults 18--74 Years of Age, United 

State~ 1971-1974. DHEW Publication No. (PHS) 79-1659, U.S. Department of 

Healt , Education, and Welfare, Hyattsville, MD, 48 pp. 

Send roy J., Jr., and L. P. Cecchini, 1954. Determination of Human Body Surface 

Area From Height and Weight. Journal of Applied Physiology, 7(1 ): 1-12. 

Goldstein, A., et ru_, 1969. Principles of Drug Action. Harper and Row, N.Y., pp. 

108-160. 

Lehman, A.J., 1975. Appraisal of the Safety of Chemicals in Foods, Drugs, and 

Cosmetics. The Association of Food and Drug Officials of the United States, p. 

1. 

Snyder, W.S., 1975. Report of the Task Group on Reference Man. 

International Commission on Radiological Protection No. 23. Pergamon Press, 

480 pp. 

Chapman, B., 1981. Statistical Abstract of the United States. U.S. Department 

of Commerce, Bureau oft he Census, 1031 pp. 

Roddin, M.F., H.T. Ellis, and M.W. Siddiqee., 1979. Background Data for 

Human Activity Patterns. Draft Final report, prepared by SRI International for 

the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Contract No. 68-02-2835), Research 

Triangle Park, NC. 

Yost, K.J., and L.J. Miles., 1980. Dietary Consum~tion Distributions of Selected 

Food Groups for the U.S. Population. Prepare for the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (Contract No. 68-01-4709), Office ofTesting and Evaluation, 

Wash., D.C., 63 pp. 

Johnson, R.H., Jr., D.E. Bernhardt, N.S. Nelson, and H.W. Calley, Jr., 1973. 

Assessment of Potential Radiological Health Effects from Radon in Natural 

Gas. EPA-520/1-73-004, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Wash., D.C. 

10. Becker, D., E. Fochtman, A. Gray, and T. Jacobius., 1979. Methodology for 

Estimating Direct Exposure to New Chemical Substances. EPA-560/1 3-79-008, 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 

132 pp. 

11. Liptak, B.G., 1974. Environmental Engineers' Handbook, Volume 1: Water 

Pollution. Chilton Book Co., Radnor, Pennsylvania, p. 1321. 

12. Turner, D.B., 1971. Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates 

Publication No. AP-26, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research 

Triangle Park, North Carolina. 

E-8 
1-

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

OSWER Directive 9481.00-6C 

REFERENCES 

Abraham, S., 1979. Weight and Height of Adults 18--74 Years of Age, United 

State~ 1971-1974. DHEW Publication No. (PHS) 79-1659, U.S. Department of 

Healt , Education, and Welfare, Hyattsville, MD, 48 pp. 

Send roy J., Jr., and L. P. Cecchini, 1954. Determination of Human Body Surface 

Area From Height and Weight. Journal of Applied Physiology, 7(1 ): 1-12. 

Goldstein, A., et ru_, 1969. Principles of Drug Action. Harper and Row, N.Y., pp. 

108-160. 

Lehman, A.J., 1975. Appraisal of the Safety of Chemicals in Foods, Drugs, and 

Cosmetics. The Association of Food and Drug Officials of the United States, p. 

1. 

Snyder, W.S., 1975. Report of the Task Group on Reference Man. 

International Commission on Radiological Protection No. 23. Pergamon Press, 

480 pp. 

Chapman, B., 1981. Statistical Abstract of the United States. U.S. Department 

of Commerce, Bureau oft he Census, 1031 pp. 

Roddin, M.F., H.T. Ellis, and M.W. Siddiqee., 1979. Background Data for 

Human Activity Patterns. Draft Final report, prepared by SRI International for 

the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Contract No. 68-02-2835), Research 

Triangle Park, NC. 

Yost, K.J., and L.J. Miles., 1980. Dietary Consum~tion Distributions of Selected 

Food Groups for the U.S. Population. Prepare for the U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency (Contract No. 68-01-4709), Office ofTesting and Evaluation, 

Wash., D.C., 63 pp. 

Johnson, R.H., Jr., D.E. Bernhardt, N.S. Nelson, and H.W. Calley, Jr., 1973. 

Assessment of Potential Radiological Health Effects from Radon in Natural 

Gas. EPA-520/1-73-004, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Wash., D.C. 

10. Becker, D., E. Fochtman, A. Gray, and T. Jacobius., 1979. Methodology for 

Estimating Direct Exposure to New Chemical Substances. EPA-560/1 3-79-008, 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 

132 pp. 

11. Liptak, B.G., 1974. Environmental Engineers' Handbook, Volume 1: Water 

Pollution. Chilton Book Co., Radnor, Pennsylvania, p. 1321. 

12. Turner, D.B., 1971. Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates 

Publication No. AP-26, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research 

Triangle Park, North Carolina. 

E-8