13

25

11

14

22

15

07

23

27

06

29 28

17

26

32 33

18

01

08

31

05 03

12

14

02

30

34

04

13

09 10

15

24

16

16

21

35 36

20

17

19

18

11

13

01

13

36

24

12

19 23

12

20

24

21 22

07

25

08 09 10

24

12

31

06

07

18

18

30

19

19

07

R. 21⁄2 W. R. 2 W.

R 2 WR 1 W

R. 21⁄2 W. R. 2 W.

R 2 WR 1 W

T. 36 N.

T. 35 N.

T. 36 N.

T. 35 N.

af

af

af

Lake Pagosa

(Sullenburger Reservoir)

Kmgr

Qfy

Kd

Qtg3

Kmj

Kmc

Kmgr

Kmu

Qdf Qc

Kd

Kd

Kd

Kd

Kd

Kmmv

Qfy

Kmf

Qpg

Qdf

Qpg

Qls

Qls

Qc

Qpg

Qc

Kmu

Qls

Qc

Qal

Qpg

Qal

Qg

Qls

Qpg

Qc

Qpg

Qc

Kmu

Kmmv Kmf

Kmj

Kmc

Qpg

Qsw

Qdf

Qdf

Qpg

Qls

Qc

Qc

Qc

Kl

Qd

Qls

Qls

Qal

Qop

Klmv

Klmv

Qob

Klmv

Qls

Qls

Qpg

Qpg

Kl

Qls

Kmv

Kmv

Qc

Qob

Qpg

Kl

Qal

Qal

Qk

Qls

Qpg

Qc

Qpg

Kmu

Kmu

Kmu

Qdf

Qfy

Qtg1 Qg

Qc

Qls

Qc

Qdf

Qdf Qg

Qtg4

Kmmv

Kmf

Kmu

Qfo

Qc

Qtg5

Qfy

Qc

Qtg3

Qtr

Qfy Qtg1

Qal

Qtg1

Qls

Kmgr

Kmc

Qfy

Qfy

Kmf Kmc

Kmb

Qc

Qc

Qsw

Qsw

Qob

Qob

Qob

Qob

Qob

Qsw

Qop

Qls

Qls

Qtg1

Qls

Qls

Qtg2

Kmb

Kmc

Kmc

Kmc

Kmmv

Kmj

Kmgr

Kmmv

Kmf

Qal

Qls

Qfy

Qtg1

Qfy

Qsw

Qpg

Qdf

Qal

Qal

Qal

Qls Qsw

Qc

Qls

Qtg3

Qls

Qfy

Qc

Qc

Qc

Qc

Klmv

Kmv

Qtg2

Kl

Qal

Qal

Qsw

Qal

Kmgr

Kmgr

Kmc

Kmgr

Qal

Qal

Qal

Kmj

Kmj

Kmgr

Kmgr

Kmgr

Kmj

Kmj

Qal

Qg Qc

Kmf

Qc

Qc

Qg

Kmu

Kmu

Qls

Qal

Qal

Qc

Qc

Qsw

Qc Qc

Qg

Qls

Qsw

Qtr

Kmb

Qtg4

Qtg5

Qc

Qls

Qc Qtg5

Kmb

Qc

Qtg4

Qpg

Kmc

Kmb

Kmj

af

Qc

Qc

Qfy

Kmb Qls

Qls Qpg

Qc

Qtg1

Qtg1

Qls

Qc

Qpg

Qpg

Qc

Qdf

Qtg1

Qpg

Kmb

Kmgr

Qal

Qsw

Qal Qsw

Kd

Qal

Qls

Qal

Qal

Qal

Qls

Qtg1 Qtg1

Qtg2

Qtg1

Kmgr

Kmb

Kmf

Qg

Kmj

Qal

Kmb

Qdf

Qtg2

Qtg1

Qtg1 Qal

Kmmv

Kmf

Kmf

Qc

Kmj

Qc

Kmf

Qc

Qpg

Qpg

Qsw

Qpg

Qal

Kmb Kd

Qpg

Kmf

Kmu

Kmu

Qls

Qfo

af

Qal

Qc

Qal

Qpg

Qal

Kmmv

Kmu

Kmf

Kmmv

Qtg2

Kmu

Qfy

Qtg3

Qc

Qls

Kmb

Kmc

Kd

Qls

Qls

Qg

Kmu

Kmf

Qg

Kmj

Qc

Kmf Qal

Kmf

Qg

Qtg1

Kmj

Qtg2

Qtg3

Qtg3

Kmb

Qsw

Qsw

Qal

af

af Qt

af

Kmb

Qsw

Qal

af

Qtg2

Qls

Qal

Qal

Qsw

Kmgr

Jm

Qc

Qal

Qtg4

Qtg5

Qal

af

Jm

Kd

Kmb

Qal

af

Qal

Qsw

Kmmv

Kmmv

Kmgr

Qsw

Qal

Qal

Kmb

Qt

Qal

Kmb

Kmgr

Qal

Kmj

Qsw

Kmu

Qsw

Qls

Kmb

Qsw

Qtr

Qal

Qal

Qfy

Qtg3

Qtg4

Qg

Qfy

Qsw

Qtg4

Kmc

Kmb

Kmmv

Kmf

Qtg2

Qal

Qtg3

Qtg4 Qg

Kmmv

Kmf

Qc

Kmmv

Qls

af

af

Kmb

Qls

Qal

af

Qtg3

Qls

Qls

Kmj

Qg

Qg

Qtg1

Kmf

Qal

Kmu

af

STINKING

STINKING

SPRINGS

FAULT

SPRINGS

FAULT

Kmu

Kmf

Kmj

Kmj

Kmf

Kmb

Flooded contacts 

and fault

Qal

Qg

Kmu

Qg

Kmj

2

9

4

7

2

4

3 4

8

1

6

8

6

6

9

9

8

8

6

7

7

9

3

8

9 5

5

5

5

9

5

7

6

8

5

9

1

3

4

2

3

6

4

6

7

5

4 9

2

4

8

4

6

5

3

6

1

9 2

6

4

6

3

7

9

4

9

7

5

6

6

4

1

2

4

3

5

2

3

2

3

5 2

61

13

1 6

19

26

40

13

10

12

15

11 13

10

12

10

10

12

12

10

17

10

13

10

16

12 16

11

10

10

10

14

12

13

11 10

12

10

14

20

10

23

10

10

Cloman 1

800 ft

Schalk-McCabe 1

1,480 ft

HR Macht 1

2,022 ft

Adios-Dinero 1

2,120 ft

Adios-Dinero 2

1,121 ft

Adios-Dinero 3

1,762 ft

NR

NR

NR

P–1

1,483 ft

A NR

A'

B

B'

C'

C

61

5

Adios-Dinero 2

1,121 ft

Figure 1. Location and setting of Pagosa Springs 7.5‘ quadrangle showing outline (red rectangle) of 

quadrangle.

GRAND

MESA

SAN LUIS

VALLEY

SAN

SAN JUAN

DOME

SAN JUAN BASIN

 UPLIFT

NACIMIENTO

VALLES CALDERA

SANGRE DE CRISTO MOUNTAINS

CHAMA BASIN

UPLIFT

BRAZOS

JUAN

MOUNTAINS

ANTICLINORIUM

UNCOMPAHGRE PLATEAU

ARCHULETA

SAN JUAN BASIN RIM

36°

35°

37°

38°

40°

109° 108° 107° 106° 105°

39°

Durango

Colorado River

Arkansas River

Rio Grande

Pagosa Springs

 Quadrangle

COLORADO

NEW MEXIO

0 30 60 KILOMETERS

0 30 60 MILES

Aspen

Gallup

Gypsum

Pueblo

DENVER

Alamosa

Trinidad

Montrose Gunnison

SANTA FE

Farmington

Albuquerque

Grand Junction

Colorado

Springs

Base from ESRI ArcGis Online, World Shaded Relief Map, derived from 30 m 

digital elevation data, accessed August 2017

Universal Transverse Mercator projection, zone 13N

North American Datum 1983

Figure 5. Stratigraphic column showing map units of the Pagosa Springs quadrangle. Modified from drill-hole based stratigraphic 

column shown in Galloway (1980).

Surficial deposits

Lewis Shale

Lewis Shale and Mesaverde

Group, undifferentiated 

Mesaverde Group

Mancos Shale,

undifferentiated upper part

Fort Hays Limestone Member

Montezuma Valley member

Juana Lopez Member

Carlile shale member

Bridge Creek Limestone Member

Graneros Shale Member

Dakota Sandstone

Morrison Formation

Wanaka Formation

(Todilto Formation)

Entrada Sandstone

gneiss and granite

Thickness, in feet

(Not to scale)

250 (+)

200–600

0–260

800–950

14–16

70–150

20–30

130–233

17–25

100–170

150–250

280–750

0–96

0–230

0–30

unknown

Units shown only in subsurface

of cross sections where existence

is based on drill hole data. 

Concretions

Fossil clams

EXPLANATION

Q

Kl

Klmv

Kmv

Kmu

Kmf

Kmmv

Kmj

Kmc

Kmb

Kmgr

Kd

Jm

Jw

Je

=

Unconsolidated

Shale

Crystalline rock

Limestone

Sandstone

Cretaceous

Upper

Campanian Coniacian Turonian Cenomanian

Jurassic

Precambrian

EraMesozoic Ceno- zoic

Quaternary

Period Epoch Age Unit Symbol Upper Middle

Proterozoic

Figure 2. Photograph showing town of Pagosa 

Springs, Colo., low terraces north of town, and 

Pagosa Peak on skyline. Taken about 2 miles 

south of Pagosa Springs, just outside of 

southern map area border, looking north. 

Photograph by David Moore, 1980.

Figure 3. Photograph of oldest fluvial terrace 

gravel (Qtg5) in gravel pit, Oakbrush Hill, 

section 6, Township 35 N., Range 2 W; thickness 

18 ft. Pick is 2 feet in length. Photograph by 

David Moore, 1980.

Figure 4. Photograph of Pinedale glacial outwash (Qop), 15–25 feet (ft) thick, overlying shale of the 

Mesaverde Group (Kmv) exposed at Mesa Ditch in northeast part of Pagosa Springs quadrangle. 

Terrace is about 140 ft above Fourmile Creek nearby. Boulders on shaded slope have cascaded 

downslope from outwash above and they mantle gently dipping shale exposed in slope in rightcentral part of photo. Photograph by David Moore, 1980. 

Qop

Qob

Qk

Qd

Qt

Qc

Qls

Qdf

Kl

Klmv

Kmv

Kmu

Kmf

Kmmv

Kmj

Kmc

Kmb

Kmgr

Kd

Jm

Jw

Je

af

Qtr



Qsw

Qal

Qg

Qfy

Qfo

Qpg

Qtg1

Qtg2

Qtg3

Qtg4

Qtg5

LIST OF MAP UNITS

[More detailed descriptions of these units are available in the accompanying pamphlet. 

Subsurface units shown only in cross sections. Colors on the map locally appear darker 

due to the hillshade transparency]

SURFICIAL DEPOSITS

ARTIFICIAL FILL

Artificial fill (modern)

PRECIPITATED ROCK 

Travertine (late Holocene)

ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS

Sheetwash alluvium (Holocene)

Alluvium (Holocene)

Gravel deposit (Holocene to late Pleistocene)

Fluvial terrace gravel, youngest (Holocene)

Fluvial terrace gravel, young (late Pleistocene)

Fluvial terrace gravel, intermediate age (late Pleistocene)

Fluvial terrace gravel, old (late middle Pleistocene)

Fluvial terrace gravel, oldest (late middle Pleistocene)

Fan alluvium, young (Holocene)

Fan alluvium, old (late Pleistocene)

Pediment gravel deposit (late and middle Pleistocene?)

GLACIAL AND GLACIOFLUVIAL DEPOSITS

Pinedale outwash (late Pleistocene)

Bull Lake outwash (late middle Pleistocene)

Kame terrace(?) deposit (late middle Pleistocene)

Diamicton (Holocene to late middle Pleistocene?)

MASS WASTING DEPOSITS

Talus (Holocene)

Colluvium (Holocene)

Landslide deposit (Holocene and late Pleistocene)

Debris-flow deposit (late to late middle Pleistocene?)

BEDROCK UNITS

SEDIMENTARY ROCK

Lewis Shale (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian)

Lewis Shale and Mesaverde Group, undifferentiated (Upper Cretaceous, 

Campanian)

Mesaverde Group, undivided (Upper Cretaceous, Campanian)

Mancos Shale (Upper Cretaceous)

Mancos Shale, undifferentiated upper part (Upper Cretaceous, lower 

Campanian to middle Coniacian) 

Fort Hays Limestone Member (Upper Cretaceous, lower 

Coniacian)—Shown as colored line where unit is too thin to otherwise 

portray at the map scale 

Montezuma Valley member (informal name after Leckie and others, 

1997; Upper Cretaceous, upper Turonian)

Juana Lopez Member (Rankin, 1944; Upper Cretaceous, upper 

Turonian)—Shown as colored line where unit is too thin to otherwise 

portray at the map scale 

Carlile shale member (informal following Dane, 1948; Upper 

Cretaceous, middle Turonian)

Bridge Creek Limestone Member (Upper Cretaceous, middle to lower 

Turonian)

Graneros Shale Member (Upper Cretaceous, upper Cenomanian)

Dakota Sandstone (Upper Cretaceous, Cenomanian)

Morrison Formation (Upper Jurassic, Brushy Basin Member)

Wanakah Formation (upper Middle Jurassic)—Shown only in cross 

sections; equivalent to the Todilto Formation in northern New Mexico

Entrada Sandstone (upper Middle Jurassic)—Shown only in cross sections

IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC ROCK

Gneiss and granite (Precambrian, Proterozoic)—Shown only in cross 

sections

2,500

2,000

1,500

CGS Test Well (P-1)

TD 1,483 ft

Jm

Kd

Kd

Kmgr

Kmgr Kmb Kmc

Kmf

Kmj Kmmv

Kmu

Jw Je



C C ́ METERS San Juan River

6,500

7,500

8,500

5,500

FEET

Quaternary deposits not shown. No vertical exaggeration.

Total depth (TD) of well shown in feet (ft); subsurface extent shown as vertical line (see cross-section discussion in pamphlet).

Kl Klmv

Kmmv

Kmu

Kmu

Kmb Kmj Kmf

Kmc Kmgr Kd

Jm

Kmb

Kmj Kmf Kmmv

Kmc Kd Kmgr

Jm Jm

Kd Kmgr

Jm

Kmgr Kmb Kmc

H.R. Macht no. 1

TD 2,022 ft

Schalk-McCabe no. 1

TD 1,480 ft

Adios-Dinero 3 (projected)

TD 1,762 ft

STINKING SPRINGS FAULT

BEND INSECTION

McCabe Creek



Quaternary deposits not shown. No vertical exaggeration.

Total depth (TD) of wells shown in feet (ft); subsurface extent shown as vertical line, dashed where well information is projected (see cross-section discussion in pamphlet). Martinez Creek

Fourmile

Creek

Snowball Creek

B ́

2,000

1,500

METERS

B

6,500

7,500

8,500

5,500

FEET

Lake Pagosa

(Sullenburger Reservoir)

Strat no. 1

TD 1,224 ft

(projected)

Schalk-McCabe no. 1

TD 1,480 ft

(projected)

Klmv

Kmu

Kmf

Kmj

Kmb

Jm

Kmu

Kmf

Kmb Kmc Kmgr

Kd

Jm

Je

Kmmv

Kmj

A A ́

2,500

2,000

1,500

METERS

Jw  Kd Kmgr Kmc Kmmv

6,500

7,500

8,500

5,500

FEET

Quaternary deposits not shown. No vertical exaggeration.

Total depth (TD) of wells shown in feet (ft); subsurface extent shown as vertical line, dashed where well information is projected (see cross-section discussion in pamphlet).

The projected Strat no. 1 well is not shown on map; it is located about 1 mi northwest of the A-intersection with west map border (see cross-section discussion in pamphlet). Martinez Creek

QUATERNARY

Holocene

Pleistocene

Santonian

Campanian

PRECAMBRIAN

CRETACEOUS

Coniacian

Turonian

Cenomanian

JURASSIC

(late and middle)

Qg

Qal Qsw Qt Qc

?

Qop

Qob

Qls

Qdf

Kl

Kmu

Kmmv

Kmv Klmv

Kmf

Jm

Kmc

Kmj

Jw

Kd

Kmgr

Kmb

Je

Qd

?

ARTIFICIAL

FILL ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS

PRECIPITATED

ROCK

MASS WASTING

DEPOSITS

GLACIAL AND

GLACIOFLUVIAL DEPOSITS

BEDROCK UNITS

Unconformity

Unconformity

Unconformity

Subsurface

units

Igneous and

metamorphic rock

Sedimentary rock

CORRELATION OF MAP UNITS

SURFICIAL DEPOSITS

[Units Jw, Je, and  do not crop out in the study area but are present in the subsurface]

af Qtr

Qfo

Qfy

Qpg

?

Qtg1

Qtg2

Qtg3

Qtg4

Qtg5



?

Qk

Upper

Upper

Middle

EXPLANATION

Contact—Dashed where approximately located; dotted where concealed

Fault—Dashed where approximately located; dotted where concealed

Normal Fault—Ball and bar on downthrown block; dashed where approximately 

located, dotted where concealed 

Mafic dike—Shown only in southeastern corner of map where normal faulting 

is concentrated; described with unit Kmgr in pamphlet

Anticline—Showing direction of plunge and dip directions of limbs

Syncline—Showing direction of plunge and dip directions of limbs

Monocline—Showing direction of plunge and dip direction of inclined limb

Glacial spillway—Arrow shows meltwater flow direction

Horizontal bedding

Inclined bedding—Showing strike and dip

Inclined slickensides—Showing bearing and plunge

Rock quarry

Gravel pit

Drilled wells—Showing well name and total depth in feet (ft); no record (NR) 

 is indicated for the four wells with unknown total depth

Water

Geology mapped in 1979, 1983, and 1989 by David W. Moore. Assisted 

by Ed Garrett (Florida State University student) 1983; Myles Campion 

and Jon Lee, (students, University of Cardiff, Wales) 1989. 

Geology was digitized by Chris McGuire, 1997, and digitized in NAD83 

datum by D. Paco VanSistine (USGS) 2016. 

Geologic Map of the Pagosa Springs 7.5’ Quadrangle, Archuleta County, Colorado

By

David W. Moore and David J. Lidke

2018

To learn about the USGS and its information products visit

https://www.usgs.gov/

1-888-ASK-USGS

This report is available at https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3419

Publishing support provided by 

Denver Publishing Service Center

Edit and digital layout by J.A. Herrick

Manuscript approved for publication October 18, 2018

SCALE 1:24 000

1 1/ 2 0 1 MILE

1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 FEET

1 .5 0 1 KILOMETER

APPROXIMATE MEAN

DECLINATION, 2015

8 ̊

TRUE NORTH

MAGNETIC NORTH

CONTOUR INTERVAL 40 FEET

NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1988

QUADRANGLE LOCATION

U.S. Department of the Interior

U.S. Geological Survey

Scientific Investigations Map 3419

Pamphlet accompanies map

To learn about the USGS and its information 

products visit https://www.usgs.gov/

1-888-ASK-USGS

This report is available at

https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3419

CONVERSION FACTORS

Multiply By To obtain

foot (ft) meter (m)

inch (in.) millimeter (mm)

mile (mi) kilometer (km)

inch (in.) centimeter (cm) 

Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply 

endorsement by the U.S. Government.

Although this information product, for the most part, is in the public domain, it also contains 

copyrighted materials as noted in the text. Permission to reproduce copyrighted items must 

be secured from the copyright owner.

Although these data have been processed successfully on a computer system at the USGS, 

no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data on any 

other system or for general or scientific purposes, nor shall the act of distribution 

constitute any such warranty. The USGS or the U.S. Government shall not be held liable for 

improper or incorrect use of the data described and/or contained herein.

ISSN 2329-132X (online)

https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3419

Suggested citation: Moore, D.W., and Lidke, D.J., 2018, Geologic map of 

the Pagosa Springs 7.5' quadrangle, Archuleta County, Colorado: U.S. 

Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Map 3419, pamphlet 24 p., 

scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3419.

For more information concerning this publication, contact

Center Director, USGS Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center

Box 25046, Mail Stop 980

Denver, CO 80225

(303) 236-5344

Or visit the Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center Web site at

https://gec.cr.usgs.gov/

Digital files available at https://doi.org/10.3133/sim3419

ScienceBase data release GIS and other files that support this report are available at 

https://doi.org/10.5066/P9WRSUI6

COLORADO

Base from U.S. Geological Survey 1:24,000-scale map of Pagosa Springs, Colo., 2013 

North American Datum 83 (NAD 83)

World Geodetic System of 1984 (WGS84)

1,000-meter grid, Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 13S

10,000-foot ticks, Colorado Coordinate System of 1983 (south zone)

Township and Range from the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), March 26, 2014

Shaded-relief base from U.S. Geological Survey National Elevation Dataset (NED) 

(accessed in 2018 at http://ned.usgs.gov/), 10-meter resolution elevation data

Index map showing map area in yellow, and adjacent 7.5' 

quadrangles. For U.S. Geological Survey publications the 

publication number, author(s), and year of publication are 

shown.

37°30’00”

107°15’00” 107°07’30” 107°00’00” 106°52’30”

37°22’30”

37°15’00”

37°07’30”

OAKBRUSH

RIDGE

PAGOSA

PEAK

SADDLE

MOUNTAIN

CHRIS

MOUNTAIN

PAGOSA

SPRINGS

JACKSON

MOUNTAIN

LONETREE

CANYON

OAKBRUSH

HILL

SERVICEBERRY

MOUNTAIN

SIM 3419

(Moore and 

Lidke, 2018)

OFR 71-142

(Hail, 1971)

late 11.7–126 ka

middle 126–781 ka

early5 781 ka–2.58 Ma

DIVISIONS OF GEOLOGIC TIME USED IN THIS REPORT1

Holocene3

1

Divisions of geologic time were selected for emphasis in this study. 

2

Ma, million years; ka, thousand years.

3

Subdivisions of the Holocene are informal divisions advocated by Walker, M.J.C and others (2012).

4

Subdivisions of the Pleistocene are informal divisions from Cohen and others (2013; updated).

5

Early Pleistocene as applied here is the combination of the Calabrian and Gelasian Ages from Cohen and 

others (2013; updated).

6

Subdivisions of the Upper Cretaceous are divisions from Cohen and others (2013; updated).

Quaternary

Period Epoch Age2

Pleistocene4

late 0–4.2 ka

middle 4.2–8.2 ka

early 8.2 ka–11.7 ka

Cretaceous Upper6 Santonian 83.6–86.3 Ma

Maastrichtian 66.0–72.1 Ma

Coniacian 86.3–89.8 Ma

Turonian 89.8–93.9 Ma

Cenomanian 93.9–100.5 Ma

Campanian 72.1–83.6 Ma

0.3048

25.4

1.609

2.54