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[Congressional Bills 110th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 990 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

110th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 990

                        To fight criminal gangs.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             March 26, 2007

Mr. Menendez (for himself and Mr. Lautenberg) introduced the following 
    bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the 
                               Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
                        To fight criminal gangs.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Fighting Gangs and 
Empowering Youth Act of 2007''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
              TITLE I--PREVENTION AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT

                         Subtitle A--Prevention

Sec. 101. Reauthorization of certain after-school programs.
Sec. 102. Reauthorization of Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities 
                            Act.
Sec. 103. Public and assisted housing gang elimination.
Sec. 104. Demonstration grants to encourage creative approaches to gang 
                            activity and after-school programs.
Sec. 105. Strategic community planning program.
Sec. 106. Reauthorization of the Gang Resistance Education and Training 
                            Projects Program and increased funding for 
                            the National Youth Gang Survey.
        Subtitle B--Recidivism Reduction and Reentry Assistance

Sec. 111. Reauthorization of adult and juvenile offender State and 
                            local reentry demonstration projects.
Sec. 112. Children of incarcerated parents and families.
Sec. 113. Encouragement of employment of former prisoners.
Sec. 114. National Resource Center for Children and Families of the 
                            Incarcerated.
Sec. 115. Use of violent offender truth-in-sentencing grant funding for 
                            demonstration project activities.
Sec. 116. Grants to study parole or post-incarceration supervision 
                            violations and revocations.
Sec. 117. Improvement of the residential substance abuse treatment for 
                            State prisoners program.
Sec. 118. Residential drug abuse program in Federal prisons.
Sec. 119. Removal of limitation on amount of funds available for 
                            corrections education programs under the 
                            Adult Education and Family Literacy Act.
Sec. 120. Mentoring grants to nonprofit organizations.
Sec. 121. Clarification of authority to place prisoner in community 
                            corrections.
Sec. 122. Grants to States for improved workplace and community 
                            transition training for incarcerated youth 
                            offenders.
Sec. 123. Improved reentry procedures for Federal prisoners.
                    Subtitle C--Economic Empowerment

Sec. 131. Reauthorization of Learn and Serve America.
Sec. 132. Job Corps.
Sec. 133. Workforce Investment Act youth activities.
Sec. 134. Expansion and reauthorization of the mentoring initiative for 
                            system involved youth.
       TITLE II--SUPPRESSION AND COMMUNITY ANTI-GANG INITIATIVES

               Subtitle A--Gang Activity Policing Program

Sec. 201. Authority to make gang activity policing grants.
Sec. 202. Eligible activities.
Sec. 203. Preferential consideration of applications for certain 
                            grants.
Sec. 204. Use of components.
Sec. 205. Minimum amount.
Sec. 206. Matching funds.
Sec. 207. Authorization of appropriations.
       Subtitle B--High-Intensity Interstate Gang Activity Areas

Sec. 211. Designation of and assistance for ``high-intensity'' 
                            interstate gang activity areas.
                     Subtitle C--Additional Funding

Sec. 221. Additional resources needed by the Federal Bureau of 
                            Investigation to investigate and prosecute 
                            violent criminal street gangs.
Sec. 222. Grants to prosecutors and law enforcement to combat violent 
                            crime and to protect witnesses and victims 
                            of crimes.
Sec. 223. Enhancement of Project Safe Neighborhoods initiative to 
                            improve enforcement of criminal laws 
                            against violent gangs.
Sec. 224. Providing additional forensic examiners.
             TITLE III--PUNISHMENT AND IMPROVED CRIME DATA

                        Subtitle A--Gang Crimes

Sec. 301. Criminal street gangs.
Sec. 302. Solicitation or recruitment of persons and violent crimes in 
                            furtherance or in aid of criminal street 
                            gangs.
Sec. 303. Interstate and foreign travel or transportation in aid of 
                            racketeering enterprises and criminal 
                            street gangs.
Sec. 304. Amendments relating to violent crime in areas of exclusive 
                            Federal jurisdiction.
Sec. 305. Increased penalties for use of interstate commerce facilities 
                            in the commission of murder-for-hire and 
                            other felony crimes of violence.
Sec. 306. Increased penalties for violent crimes in aid of racketeering 
                            activity.
Sec. 307. Violent crimes committed during and in relation to a drug 
                            trafficking crime.
Sec. 308. Statute of limitations for violent crime.
Sec. 309. Predicate crimes for authorization of interception of wire, 
                            oral, and electronic communications.
Sec. 310. Clarification to hearsay exception for forfeiture by 
                            wrongdoing.
Sec. 311. Clarification of venue for retaliation against a witness.
Sec. 312. Amendment of sentencing guidelines relating to certain gang 
                            and violent crimes.
Sec. 313. Study on expanding Federal authority for juvenile offenders.
                     Subtitle B--Firearms Offenses

Sec. 321. Expansion of rebuttable presumption against release of 
                            persons charged with firearms offenses.
Sec. 322. Increased penalties for use of firearm in crime of violence 
                            or drug trafficking crime.
Sec. 323. Possession of firearms by dangerous felons.
                         Subtitle C--Crime Data

Sec. 331. Standardization of crime reporting and investigation.
Sec. 332. Consolidating and standardizing gang-related crime data.

              TITLE I--PREVENTION AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT

                         Subtitle A--Prevention

SEC. 101. REAUTHORIZATION OF CERTAIN AFTER-SCHOOL PROGRAMS.

    (a) 21st Century Community Learning Centers.--Section 4206 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7176) is 
amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 4206. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There is authorized to be appropriated $2,750,000,000 for each of 
fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.
    (b) Carol M. White Physical Education Program.--Section 5401 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7241) is 
amended--
            (1) by striking ``There are'' and inserting ``(a) In 
        General.--There are''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Physical Education.--In addition to the amounts authorized to 
be appropriated by subsection (a), there are authorized to be 
appropriated $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009 to 
carry out subpart 10.''.
    (c) Federal TRIO Programs.--Section 402A(f) of the Higher Education 
Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070a-11(f)) is amended by striking 
``$700,000,000 for fiscal year 1999, and such sums as may be necessary 
for each of the 4 succeeding fiscal years'' and inserting 
``$1,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and such sums as may be necessary 
for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal years''.
    (d) GEARUP.--Section 404H of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
U.S.C. 1070a-28) is amended by striking ``$200,000,000 for fiscal year 
1999 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the 4 succeeding 
fiscal years'' and inserting ``$350,000,000 for fiscal year 2008 and 
such sums as may be necessary for each of the 5 succeeding fiscal 
years''.

SEC. 102. REAUTHORIZATION OF SAFE AND DRUG-FREE SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES 
              ACT.

    (a) Safe and Drug-Free Schools and Communities.--Section 4003 of 
the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7103) is 
amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$650,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 2002'' and inserting ``$700,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2008''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``such sums for fiscal 
        year 2002, and'' and inserting ``$400,000,000 for fiscal year 
        2008''.
    (b) National Coordinator Initiative.--Section 4125 of the 
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7135(a)) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``From funds made available to 
                carry out this subpart under section 4003(2), the 
                Secretary may provide'' and inserting ``From amounts 
                made available to carry out this subpart under section 
                4003(2) for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall 
                reserve not less than $40,000,000 to provide''; and
                    (B) by inserting ``, gang prevention,'' after 
                ``drug prevention''; and
            (2) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in the first sentence--
                            (i) by inserting ``, gang prevention,'' 
                        after ``serve as drug prevention''; and
                            (ii) by inserting ``, gang,'' after 
                        ``significant drug''; and
                    (B) in the second sentence, by inserting ``, 
                gang,'' after ``analyzing assessments of drug''.
    (c) Mentoring Program.--Section 4130(b) of the Elementary and 
Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7140(b)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A) of paragraph 
        (1), by striking ``The Secretary may award grants from funds 
        made available to carry out this subpart under section 
        4003(2)'' and inserting ``From amounts made available to carry 
        out this subpart under section 4003(2) for each fiscal year, 
        the Secretary shall reserve not less than $50,000,000 to award 
        grants'';
            (2) in paragraph (5)(B)(i), by inserting ``elementary 
        school and middle school'' after ``serves''; and
            (3) in paragraph (5)(C)(ii)(IV), by striking ``4th'' and 
        inserting ``kindergarten''.
    (d) Anti-Gang Discretionary Grants.--Subpart 2 of part A of title 
IV of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
7131 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 4131. ANTI-GANG DISCRETIONARY GRANTS.

    ``(a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available to 
carry out this subpart under section 4003(2) for each fiscal year, the 
Secretary shall reserve not less than $50,000,000 to award grants, on a 
competitive basis, to nonprofit organizations to enable the nonprofit 
organizations to establish programs to assist a public elementary 
school or middle school in providing an innovative approach--
            ``(1) to combat gang activity in the school and the 
        community surrounding the school; and
            ``(2) to heighten awareness of, and provide tools to 
        reduce, gang violence in the school and the community 
        surrounding the school.
    ``(b) Application.--To be eligible to receive a grant under this 
section, a nonprofit organization shall submit an application to the 
Secretary that includes a detailed plan to combat gang activity and 
reduce gang violence in a school and the surrounding community.
    ``(c) Priority Consideration.--In awarding grants under this 
section, the Secretary shall give priority consideration to 
applications describing programs that target youth living in a 
community with a crime level above the average crime level of the State 
in which the community is located.''.

SEC. 103. PUBLIC AND ASSISTED HOUSING GANG ELIMINATION.

    (a) Public and Assisted Housing.--Title V of the Anti-Drug Abuse 
Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-690; 102 Stat. 4295) is amended by adding 
at the end the following new subtitle:

       ``Subtitle H--Public and Assisted Housing Gang Elimination

``SEC. 5401. SHORT TITLE.

    ``This subtitle may be cited as the `Public and Assisted Housing 
Gang Elimination Act of 2007'.

``SEC. 5402. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GRANTS.

    ``The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, in accordance 
with the provisions of this subtitle, may make grants to public housing 
agencies (including any Indian tribe or other recipient under the 
Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996) 
and private, for-profit and nonprofit owners of federally assisted low-
income housing for use in eliminating gang-related crime.

``SEC. 5403. ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.

    ``Grants under this subtitle may be used in public housing or other 
federally assisted low-income housing projects for--
            ``(1) the employment of security personnel;
            ``(2) reimbursement of local law enforcement agencies for 
        additional security and protective services;
            ``(3) physical improvements which are specifically designed 
        to enhance security;
            ``(4) the employment of 1 or more individuals--
                    ``(A) to investigate gang-related crime on or about 
                the real property comprising any public or other 
                federally assisted low-income housing project; and
                    ``(B) to provide evidence relating to such crime in 
                any administrative or judicial proceeding;
            ``(5) the provision of training, communications equipment, 
        and other related equipment for use by voluntary tenant patrols 
        acting in cooperation with local law enforcement officials;
            ``(6) programs designed to reduce gang activity in and 
        around public or other federally assisted low-income housing 
        projects, including encouraging teen-driven approaches to gang 
        activity prevention; and
            ``(7) providing funding to nonprofit public housing 
        resident management corporations and resident councils to 
        develop security and gang prevention programs involving site 
        residents.

``SEC. 5404. APPLICATIONS.

    ``(a) Required Submission.--
            ``(1) In general.--To receive a grant under this subtitle, 
        a public housing agency or an owner of federally assisted low-
        income housing shall submit an application to the Secretary, at 
        such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such additional 
        information as the Secretary may reasonably require.
            ``(2) Required inclusions.--Any application submitted under 
        paragraph (1) shall include a plan for addressing the problem 
        of gang-related crime on the premises of the housing 
        administered or owned by the applicant for which the 
        application is being submitted.
    ``(b) Criteria.--Except as provided by subsections (c) and (d) the 
Secretary shall approve applications under this subtitle based 
exclusively on--
            ``(1) the extent of the gang-related crime problem in the 
        public or federally assisted low-income housing project or 
        projects proposed for assistance;
            ``(2) the quality of the plan of the applicant to address 
        the crime problem in the public or federally assisted low-
        income housing project or projects proposed for assistance, 
        including the extent to which the plan includes initiatives 
        that can be sustained over a period of several years;
            ``(3) the capability of the applicant to carry out the 
        plan; and
            ``(4) the extent to which tenants, the local government, 
        and the local community support and participate in the design 
        and implementation of the activities proposed to be funded 
        under the application.
    ``(c) Federally Assisted Low-Income Housing.--In addition to the 
selection criteria described in subsection (b), the Secretary may 
establish other criteria for the evaluation of applications submitted 
by owners of federally assisted low-income housing, except that such 
additional criteria shall be designed only to reflect--
            ``(1) relevant differences between the financial resources 
        and other characteristics of public housing authorities and 
        owners of federally assisted low-income housing; or
            ``(2) relevant differences between the problem of gang-
        related crime in public housing and the problem of gang-related 
        crime in federally assisted low-income housing.
    ``(d) High-Intensity Interstate Gang Activity Areas.--In evaluating 
the extent of the gang-related crime problem pursuant to subsection 
(b), the Secretary may consider whether housing projects proposed for 
assistance are located in a high-intensity interstate gang activity 
area designated under section 211 of the Fighting Gangs and Empowering 
Youth Act of 2007.

``SEC. 5405. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For the purposes of this subtitle, the following definitions 
shall apply:
            ``(1) Secretary.--The term `Secretary' means the Secretary 
        of Housing and Urban Development.
            ``(2) Federally assisted low-income housing.--The term 
        `federally assisted low-income housing' means housing assisted 
        under--
                    ``(A) section 221(d)(3), section 221(d)(4), or 236 
                of the National Housing Act;
                    ``(B) section 101 of the Housing and Urban 
                Development Act of 1965;
                    ``(C) section 8 of the United States Housing Act of 
                1937; or
                    ``(D) the Native American Housing Assistance and 
                Self-Determination Act of 1996.

``SEC. 5406. IMPLEMENTATION.

    ``The Secretary shall issue regulations to implement this subtitle 
within 180 days after the date of enactment of this subtitle.

``SEC. 5407. REPORTS.

    ``The Secretary shall require any recipient of a grant under this 
subtitle to provide periodic reports that include the obligation and 
expenditure of grant funds, the progress made by the grantee in 
implementing the plan described in section 5404(a), and any change in 
the incidence of gang-related crime in projects assisted under this 
subtitle.

``SEC. 5408. MONITORING.

    ``The Secretary shall audit and monitor the programs funded under 
this subtitle to ensure that assistance provided under this subtitle is 
administered in accordance with the provisions of this subtitle.

``SEC. 5409. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry 
out this subtitle $200,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 
through 2012. Any amount appropriated under this section shall remain 
available until expended.
    ``(b) Set-Aside for Assisted Housing.--Of any amount made available 
in any fiscal year to carry out this subtitle, not more than 6.25 
percent of such amount shall be available for grants for federally 
assisted low-income housing.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--The table of contents in section 5001 of 
the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-690; 102 Stat. 4295) is 
amended by adding at the end the following new items:

       ``Subtitle H--Public and Assisted Housing Drug Elimination

``Sec. 5401. Short title.
``Sec. 5402. Authority to make grants.
``Sec. 5403. Eligible activities.
``Sec. 5404. Applications.
``Sec. 5405. Definitions.
``Sec. 5406. Implementation.
``Sec. 5407 Reports.
``Sec. 5408. Monitoring.
``Sec. 5409. Authorization of appropriations.''.

SEC. 104. DEMONSTRATION GRANTS TO ENCOURAGE CREATIVE APPROACHES TO GANG 
              ACTIVITY AND AFTER-SCHOOL PROGRAMS.

    (a) In General.--The Attorney General may make grants to public or 
nonprofit private entities (including faith-based organizations) for 
the purpose of assisting the entities in carrying out projects 
involving innovative approaches to combat gang activity.
    (b) Certain Approaches.--Approaches under subsection (a) may 
include the following:
            (1) Encouraging teen-driven approaches to gang activity 
        prevention.
            (2) Educating parents to recognize signs of problems and 
        potential gang involvement in their children.
            (3) Teaching parents the importance of a nurturing family 
        and home environment to keep children out of gangs.
            (4) Facilitating communication between parents and 
        children, especially programs that have been evaluated and 
        proven effective.
    (c) Matching Funds.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General may make a grant 
        under this section only if the entity receiving the grant 
        agrees to make available (directly or through donations from 
        public or private entities) non-Federal contributions toward 
        the cost of activities to be performed with that grant in an 
        amount that is not less than 25 percent of such costs.
            (2) Determination of amount contributed.--Non-Federal 
        contributions required under paragraph (1) may be in cash or in 
        kind, fairly evaluated, including facilities, equipment, or 
        services. Amounts provided by the Federal Government, or 
        services assisted or subsidized to any significant extent by 
        the Federal Government, may not be included in determining the 
        amount of such non-Federal contributions.
    (d) Evaluation of Projects.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General shall establish 
        criteria for the evaluation of projects involving innovative 
        approaches under subsection (a).
            (2) Grantees.--A grant may be made under such subsection 
        only if the entity involved--
                    (A) agrees to conduct evaluations of the approach 
                in accordance with such criteria;
                    (B) agrees to submit to the Attorney General 
                reports describing the results of the evaluations, as 
                the Attorney General determines to be appropriate; and
                    (C) submits to the Attorney General, in the 
                application under subsection (e), a plan for conducting 
                the evaluations.
    (e) Application for Grant.--The Attorney General may make a grant 
under subsection (a) only if an application for the grant is submitted 
to the Attorney General and the application is in such form, is made in 
such manner, and contains such agreements, assurances, and information 
(including the agreements under subsections (c) and (d) and the plan 
under subsection (d)(2)(C)) as the Attorney General determines to be 
necessary to carry out this section.
    (f) Report to Congress.--Not later than October 1, 2012, the 
Attorney General shall submit to Congress a report describing the 
extent to which the approaches under subsection (a) have been 
successful in reducing the rate of gang activity in the communities in 
which the approaches have been carried out. That report shall describe 
the various approaches used under subsection (a) and the effectiveness 
of each of the approaches.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--For the purpose of carrying 
out this section, there are authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 
for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

SEC. 105. STRATEGIC COMMUNITY PLANNING PROGRAM.

    The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 
U.S.C. 13701 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 30403 the 
following:

           ``Subtitle G--Strategic Community Planning Program

``SEC. 30701. GRANT AUTHORITY.

    ``(a) Grants.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General may award grants on 
        a competitive basis to eligible local entities to assist 
        eligible communities in developing and carrying out programs 
        that target at-risk youth and juvenile offenders ages 11 to 19 
        years, who--
                    ``(A) fail to successfully complete secondary 
                school;
                    ``(B) have entered the juvenile justice system; or
                    ``(C) are at risk of failing to successfully 
                complete secondary school or entering the juvenile 
                justice system.
            ``(2) Grant amount.--A grant awarded to an eligible local 
        entity under this subtitle shall be for not less than $250,000 
        for a fiscal year. Amounts made available through such a grant 
        shall remain available until expended.
    ``(b) Program Requirements.--
            ``(1) Programs.--An eligible local entity that receives 
        funds under this subtitle shall develop or expand community 
        programs in eligible communities that are designed to target 
        at-risk youths and juvenile offenders through prevention, early 
        intervention, and graduated sanctions.
            ``(2) Optional activities.--An eligible local entity that 
        receives funds under this subtitle may develop a variety of 
        programs to serve the comprehensive needs of at-risk youth and 
        juvenile offenders, including--
                    ``(A) homework assistance and after-school 
                programs, including educational, social, and athletic 
                activities;
                    ``(B) mentoring programs;
                    ``(C) family counseling; and
                    ``(D) parental training programs.
    ``(c) Eligible Community Identification.--The Attorney General 
shall establish by regulation the criteria necessary to qualify as an 
eligible community, which shall include criteria with respect to 
significant poverty and significant violent crime.

``SEC. 30702. APPLICATIONS.

    ``(a) Application Required.--To be eligible to receive a grant 
under this subtitle, a local entity shall submit an application to the 
Attorney General at such time, in such manner, and accompanied by such 
information, as the Attorney General may reasonably require.
    ``(b) Contents of Application.--Each application submitted under 
subsection (a) shall--
            ``(1) contain a comprehensive plan for the program that is 
        designed to improve the academic and social development of at-
        risk youths and juvenile offenders in the eligible community, 
        which--
                    ``(A) identifies an eligible community to be 
                assisted;
                    ``(B) describes the community planning process to 
                be used by the local entity that includes--
                            ``(i) parents and family members;
                            ``(ii) local school officials;
                            ``(iii) teachers employed at schools within 
                        the eligible community;
                            ``(iv) local public officials;
                            ``(v) law enforcement officers and 
                        officials;
                            ``(vi) clergy and faith-based 
                        organizations;
                            ``(vii) public housing authorities;
                            ``(viii) public housing resident 
                        organization members, where applicable; and
                            ``(ix) public and private nonprofit 
                        organizations that provide education, child 
                        protective services, or other human services to 
                        low-income, at-risk youth and juvenile 
                        offenders, and their families; and
                    ``(C) develops a concentrated strategy for 
                implementation of the community planning process 
                developed under subparagraph (B) that targets clusters 
                of at-risk youth and juvenile offenders in the eligible 
                community;
            ``(2) provide evidence of support for accomplishing the 
        objectives of such plan from--
                    ``(A) community leaders;
                    ``(B) a school district;
                    ``(C) local officials; and
                    ``(D) other organizations that the local entity 
                determines to be appropriate;
            ``(3) provide an assurance that the local entity will use 
        grant funds received under this subsection to implement the 
        program requirements listed in section 30701(b);
            ``(4) include an estimate of the number of at-risk youth 
        and juvenile offenders in the eligible community expected to be 
        served under the program;
            ``(5) provide an assurance that the local entity will 
        prepare and submit to the Attorney General an annual report 
        regarding any program conducted under this subtitle; and
            ``(6) provide an assurance that the local entity will 
        maintain separate accounting records for the program.
    ``(c) Priority.--In awarding grants under this subtitle, the 
Attorney General shall give priority to eligible local entities that 
identify under subsection (b)(1)(A) an eligible community that, when 
compared to other eligible communities, has a greater need than such 
other eligible communities for assistance under this subtitle, as 
determined by the Attorney General based on the criteria established 
under section 30701(c).
    ``(d) Federal Share.--The Federal share of the costs of a program 
developed or carried out with a grant under this section shall be not 
more than 70 percent. The non-Federal share of such costs may be in 
cash or in kind, fairly evaluated, including personnel, facilities, 
equipment, and services.

``SEC. 30703. DEFINITIONS.

    ``For purposes of this subtitle--
            ``(1) the term `local entity' means--
                    ``(A) a local educational agency; or
                    ``(B) a community-based organization, as defined in 
                section 9101 of the Elementary and Secondary Education 
                Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801); and
            ``(2) the term `eligible community' means an area which 
        meets the criteria established by the Attorney General in 
        accordance with section 30701(c).

``SEC. 30704. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``There are authorized to be appropriated for grants under this 
subtitle--
            ``(1) $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
            ``(2) $11,000,000 for fiscal year 2009;
            ``(3) $12,000,000 for fiscal year 2010;
            ``(4) $13,000,000 for fiscal year 2011; and
            ``(5) $14,000,000 for fiscal year 2012.''.

SEC. 106. REAUTHORIZATION OF THE GANG RESISTANCE EDUCATION AND TRAINING 
              PROJECTS PROGRAM AND INCREASED FUNDING FOR THE NATIONAL 
              YOUTH GANG SURVEY.

    Section 32401 of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act 
of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13921) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (b)--
                    (A) by inserting ``and'' at the end of paragraph 
                (2); and
                    (B) by striking paragraphs (3) through (5) and 
                inserting the following:
            ``(3) $21,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 
        2012.''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) Use of Funds.--Not more than $1,000,000 of the funds 
authorized under this section for a fiscal year shall be used to 
increase the number of samples collected by the National Youth Gang 
Center for its annual National Youth Gang Survey.''.

        Subtitle B--Recidivism Reduction and Reentry Assistance

SEC. 111. REAUTHORIZATION OF ADULT AND JUVENILE OFFENDER STATE AND 
              LOCAL REENTRY DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.

    (a) Grant Authorization.--Section 2976(a) of the Omnibus Crime 
Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(a)) is amended by 
striking ``States, Territories'' and all that follows through the 
period at the end and inserting ``States, local governments, 
territories, or Indian tribes, or any combination thereof, in 
partnership with stakeholders, service providers, and nonprofit 
organizations, for purpose of establishing adult and juvenile offender 
reentry demonstration projects.''.
    (b) Adult and Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects 
Authorized.--Section 2976(b) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w(b)) is amended by striking 
paragraphs (1) through (4) and inserting the following:
            ``(1) establishing or improving the system or systems under 
        which--
                    ``(A) the correctional agency of the State or local 
                government develops and carries out plans to facilitate 
                the reentry into the community of each offender in 
                State or local custody;
                    ``(B) the supervision and services provided to 
                offenders in State or local custody are coordinated 
                with the supervision and services provided to offenders 
                after reentry into the community;
                    ``(C) the efforts of various public and private 
                entities to provide supervision and services to 
                offenders, and to family members of such offenders, 
                after offenders reenter the community are coordinated; 
                and
                    ``(D) offenders awaiting reentry into the community 
                are provided with documents useful in achieving a 
                successful transition from prison, jail, or detention 
                (such as identification papers, referrals to services, 
                medical prescriptions, job training certificates, 
                apprenticeship papers, and information on obtaining 
                public assistance);
            ``(2) carrying out programs and initiatives by units of 
        local government to strengthen reentry services for offenders 
        released from local jails;
            ``(3) enabling prison or jail mentors of offenders to 
        remain in contact with those offenders (including through the 
        use of such technology as videoconferencing) during 
        incarceration and after reentry into the community, and 
        encouraging the involvement of prison or jail mentors in the 
        reentry process;
            ``(4) providing structured post-release housing and 
        transitional housing (including group homes for recovering 
        substance abusers) through which offenders are provided 
        supervision and services immediately following reentry into the 
        community;
            ``(5) assisting offenders in securing permanent housing 
        upon release or following a stay in transitional housing;
            ``(6) providing continuity of health services (including 
        screening, assessment, and aftercare for mental health 
        services, substance abuse treatment and aftercare, and 
        treatment for contagious diseases) to offenders in custody and 
        after reentry into the community;
            ``(7) providing offenders with education, job training, 
        responsible parenting and healthy relationship skills training 
        designed specifically for addressing the needs of incarcerated 
        and transitioning fathers and mothers, English as a second 
        language programs, work experience programs, self-respect and 
        life skills training, and other skills useful in achieving a 
        successful transition from prison or jail;
            ``(8) facilitating collaboration among corrections and 
        community corrections, technical schools, community colleges, 
        and the workforce development and employment service sectors--
                    ``(A) to promote the employment of offenders 
                released from prison and jail, as appropriate, through 
                efforts such as educating employers about existing 
                financial incentives;
                    ``(B) to facilitate the creation of job 
                opportunities for offenders released from prison or 
                jail, including transitional jobs and time-limited 
                subsidized work experience (as appropriate);
                    ``(C) to connect offenders to employment (including 
                supportive employment and employment services) before 
                their release to the community, to provide work 
                supports (including transportation and retention 
                services), as appropriate, and to identify labor market 
                needs to ensure that education and training are 
                appropriate;
                    ``(D) to address barriers to employment (such as 
                licensing), that are not directly connected to the 
                crime committed, and to provide case management 
                services as necessary to prepare offenders for jobs 
                that offer the potential for advancement and growth; 
                and
                    ``(E) to address the risks that offenders 
                reentering the community present to the community;
            ``(9) assessing the literacy and educational needs of 
        offenders in custody and identifying and providing services 
        appropriate to meet those needs, including follow-up 
        assessments and long-term services;
            ``(10) systems under which family members of offenders are 
        involved in facilitating the successful reentry of those 
        offenders into the community, including removing obstacles to 
        the maintenance of family relationships while the offender is 
        in custody, strengthening the family's capacity to function as 
        a stable living situation during reentry (as appropriate), and 
        involving family members in the planning and implementation of 
        the reentry process;
            ``(11) programs under which victims are included, on a 
        voluntary basis, in the reentry process;
            ``(12) identifying and addressing barriers to collaborating 
        with child welfare agencies in the joint provision of services 
        to offenders in custody and to the children of such offenders;
            ``(13) carrying out programs that support children of 
        incarcerated parents, including those in foster care and those 
        cared for by grandparents or other relatives (commonly referred 
        to as kinship care), including programs for mentoring children 
        of incarcerated offenders;
            ``(14) carrying out programs for the entire family unit, 
        including the coordination of service delivery across agencies;
            ``(15) implementing programs in correctional agencies to--
                    ``(A) include the collection of information 
                regarding any dependent children of an incarcerated 
                offender as part of intake procedures, including the 
                number of children, age, and location or jurisdiction; 
                and
                    ``(B) connect identified children with services as 
                appropriate and as needed;
            ``(16) addressing barriers to the visitation of children 
        with an incarcerated parent and maintenance of the parent-child 
        relationship (as appropriate to the safety and well-being of 
        the children), such as the location of facilities in remote 
        areas, telephone costs, mail restrictions, and visitation 
        policies;
            ``(17) creating, developing, or enhancing incarcerated 
        offender and family assessments curricula, policies, 
        procedures, or programs (including mentoring programs), in 
        coordination with victim service providers, to help prisoners 
        with a history or identified risk of domestic violence, dating 
        violence, sexual assault, or stalking--
                    ``(A) to reconnect with their families and 
                communities (as appropriate or when it is safe to do 
                so), with particular attention paid to the safety of 
                children affected and the confidentiality concerns of 
                victims; and
                    ``(B) to become mutually respectful, nonabusive 
                parents or partners;
            ``(18) developing programs and activities that support 
        parent-child relationships, such as--
                    ``(A) using telephone conferencing to permit 
                incarcerated parents to participate in parent-teacher 
                conferences;
                    ``(B) using videoconferencing to allow virtual 
                visitation when incarcerated offenders are more than 
                100 miles from their families;
                    ``(C) the development of books on tape programs, 
                through which incarcerated parents read a book into a 
                tape to be sent to their children;
                    ``(D) the establishment of family days, which 
                provide for longer visitation hours or family 
                activities;
                    ``(E) the creation of children's areas in 
                visitation rooms with parent-child activities;
                    ``(F) the implementation of programs to help 
                incarcerated parents stay connected to their children 
                and learn responsible parenting and healthy 
                relationship skills; and
                    ``(G) programs for mentoring children of 
                incarcerated offenders;
            ``(19) expanding family-based treatment centers that offer 
        family-based comprehensive treatment services for offenders 
        reentering the community and their children as a complete 
        family unit;
            ``(20) conducting studies to determine the types of 
        offenders who are returning to prison or jail, and which of 
        those returning offenders represent the greatest risk to 
        community safety;
            ``(21) developing or adopting procedures to ensure that 
        dangerous felons are not released from prison or jail 
        prematurely;
            ``(22) developing and implementing procedures to assist 
        relevant authorities--
                    ``(A) in determining when release is appropriate; 
                and
                    ``(B) in the use of data to inform the release 
                decision;
            ``(23) developing and implementing procedures to identify 
        efficiently and effectively those violators of probation, 
        parole, or post-incarceration supervision who should be 
        returned to prison or jail;
            ``(24) utilizing validated assessment tools to assess the 
        risk factors of returning offenders to the community, and 
        prioritizing services based on the risks related to offenders 
        returning to the community;
            ``(25) facilitating and encouraging timely and complete 
        payment of restitution and fines by offenders to victims and 
        the community;
            ``(26) establishing or expanding the use of reentry courts 
        and other programs to--
                    ``(A) monitor offenders returning to the community;
                    ``(B) provide offenders reentering the community 
                with--
                            ``(i) drug and alcohol testing and 
                        treatment; and
                            ``(ii) mental and medical health assessment 
                        and services;
                    ``(C) facilitate restorative justice practices and 
                convene family or community impact panels, family 
                impact educational classes, victim impact panels, or 
                victim impact educational classes;
                    ``(D) provide and coordinate the delivery of other 
                community services to offenders, including--
                            ``(i) housing assistance;
                            ``(ii) education;
                            ``(iii) employment training;
                            ``(iv) children and family support, 
                        including responsible parenting and healthy 
                        relationship skills training designed 
                        specifically to address the needs of 
                        incarcerated and transitioning parents;
                            ``(v) conflict resolution skills training;
                            ``(vi) family violence intervention 
                        programs;
                            ``(vii) culturally and linguistically 
                        competent services, as appropriate; and
                            ``(viii) other appropriate services, as 
                        determined by the Attorney General; and
                    ``(E) establish and implement graduated sanctions 
                and incentives; and
            ``(27) providing technology and other tools to advance 
        post-incarceration supervision.''.
    (c) Juvenile Offender Demonstration Projects Reauthorized.--Section 
2976(c) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 
U.S.C. 3797w(c)) is amended by striking ``may be expended for'' and all 
that follows through the period at the end and inserting ``may be 
expended for any activity described in subsection (b).''.
    (d) Applications; Requirements; Priorities; Performance 
Measurements.--Section 2976 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (p); and
            (2) by striking subsections (d) through (g) and inserting 
        the following:
    ``(d) Applications.--A State, unit of local government, territory, 
or Indian tribe (or a combination of such jurisdictions) desiring a 
grant under this section shall submit an application to the Attorney 
General that--
            ``(1) contains a reentry strategic plan developed under 
        subsection (h) that describes the long-term strategy and a 
        detailed implementation schedule, including the jurisdiction's 
        plans to pay for the program after Federal funding is 
        discontinued;
            ``(2) identifies the local government role in the 
        applicant's offender reentry strategy, as well as the role of 
        governmental agencies and nonprofit organizations that will be 
        coordinated by, and that will collaborate on, such strategy, 
        and certifies the involvement of such agencies and 
        organizations;
            ``(3) describes the methodology and outcome measures that 
        will be used in evaluating the program; and
            ``(4) includes a plan for the use of a State, local, 
        territorial, or tribal reentry task force, as referenced in 
        subsection (i), to carry out the activities funded under the 
        grant.
    ``(e) Requirements.--The Attorney General may make a grant to an 
applicant under this section only if the application--
            ``(1) reflects explicit support of the chief executive 
        officer of the State, unit of local government, territory, or 
        Indian tribe applying for a grant under this section;
            ``(2) provides extensive discussion of the role of State 
        corrections departments, community corrections agencies, 
        juvenile justice systems, or local jail systems, as the case 
        may be, in ensuring successful reentry of offenders into their 
        communities;
            ``(3) provides extensive evidence of collaboration with 
        State and local government agencies overseeing health, housing, 
        child welfare, education, substance abuse, and employment 
        services, and local law enforcement;
            ``(4) provides a plan for analysis of the statutory, 
        regulatory, rules-based, and practice-based hurdles of the 
        applicant to an offender's reentry into the community that--
                    ``(A) takes particular note and makes 
                recommendations with respect to laws, regulations, 
                rules, and practices that disqualify offenders from 
                obtaining professional licenses or other requirements 
                necessary for certain types of employment, and that 
                hinder full civic participation;
                    ``(B) identifies and makes recommendations with 
                respect to those laws, regulations, rules, or practices 
                that are not directly connected to the crime committed 
                and the risk that the offender presents to the 
                community; and
                    ``(C) affords members of the public an opportunity 
                to participate in the process described in this 
                paragraph.
    ``(f) Priority Consideration.--The Attorney General shall give 
priority to grant applications under this section that best--
            ``(1) focus initiative on geographic areas with a high 
        population of offenders reentering the community;
            ``(2) include partnerships with nonprofit organizations;
            ``(3) provide consultations with crime victims and 
        offenders who have reentered the community and their families;
            ``(4) review the process by which the State and local 
        governments adjudicate violations of parole, probation, or 
        post-incarceration supervision, and consider reforms to 
        maximize the use of graduated, community-based sanctions for 
        minor and technical violations of parole, probation, or post-
        incarceration supervision;
            ``(5) establish prerelease planning procedures for 
        offenders to ensure that an offender's eligibility for Federal 
        or State benefits (including Medicaid, Medicare, Social 
        Security, and veterans benefits) upon release is established 
        prior to release, subject to any limitations in law, and to 
        ensure that offenders are provided with referrals to 
        appropriate social and health services or are linked to 
        appropriate nonprofit organizations; and
            ``(6) target high-risk offenders for reentry programs 
        through validated assessment tools.
    ``(g) Uses of Grant Funds.--
            ``(1) Federal share.--The Federal share of the costs of a 
        project carried out with a grant under this section shall be 
        not more than 75 percent, unless the Attorney General--
                    ``(A) waives, in whole or in part, the requirement 
                of this paragraph; and
                    ``(B) publicly delineates the rationale for the 
                waiver.
            ``(2) Supplement not supplant.--Federal funds received 
        under this section shall be used to supplement, not supplant, 
        non-Federal funds that would otherwise be available for the 
        activities funded under this section.
    ``(h) Reentry Strategic Plan.--
            ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving financial 
        assistance under this section, each applicant shall develop a 
        comprehensive strategic reentry plan that contains measurable 
        annual and 5-year performance outcomes. The plan shall have as 
        a goal to reduce the rate of recidivism of offenders served 
        with funds received under this section by 50 percent over a 
        period of 5 years.
            ``(2) Coordination.--In developing reentry plans under this 
        subsection, applicants shall coordinate with communities and 
        stakeholders, including persons in the fields of public safety, 
        corrections, housing, health, education, substance abuse, 
        children and families, employment, business, and members of 
        nonprofit organizations that provide reentry services.
            ``(3) Measurements of progress.--Each reentry plan 
        developed under this subsection shall include a plan to measure 
        the progress of the applicant toward increasing public safety 
        by reducing rates of recidivism and enabling offenders to 
        transition successfully back into their communities.
    ``(i) Reentry Task Force.--
            ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receiving a grant 
        under this section, each applicant shall establish or empower a 
        Reentry Task Force, or other relevant convening authority, to 
        examine ways to pool resources and funding streams to promote 
        lower recidivism rates for offenders reentering the community 
        and to minimize the harmful effects of incarceration on 
        families and communities by collecting data and best practices 
        in offender reentry from demonstration grantees and other 
        agencies and organizations, and to provide a plan, as described 
        in subsection (e)(4).
            ``(2) Membership.--The reentry task force or other 
        authority shall be comprised of relevant--
                    ``(A) State, tribal, territorial, or local leaders;
                    ``(B) agencies;
                    ``(C) service providers;
                    ``(D) nonprofit organizations; and
                    ``(E) stakeholders.
    ``(j) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--
            ``(1) In general.--Each applicant shall identify in the 
        reentry strategic plan of that applicant developed under 
        subsection (h) specific performance outcomes related to the 
        long-term goals of increasing public safety and reducing 
        recidivism.
            ``(2) Performance outcomes.--The performance outcomes 
        identified under paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to 
        offenders reentering the community--
                    ``(A) reduction in recidivism rates;
                    ``(B) reduction in crime;
                    ``(C) increased employment and education 
                opportunities;
                    ``(D) reduction in violations of conditions of 
                supervised release;
                    ``(E) increased payment of child support;
                    ``(F) increased housing opportunities;
                    ``(G) reduction in drug and alcohol abuse; and
                    ``(H) increased participation in substance abuse 
                and mental health services.
            ``(3) Other outcomes.--States may include in their reentry 
        strategic plan other performance outcomes that increase the 
        success rates of offenders reentering the community.
            ``(4) Coordination.--Applicants shall coordinate with 
        communities and stakeholders about the selection of performance 
        outcomes identified by the applicant, and shall consult with 
        the Department of Justice for assistance with data collection 
        and measurement activities.
    ``(k) Report.--Each grantee under this section shall submit an 
annual report to the Attorney General that--
            ``(1) identifies the progress of that grantee toward 
        achieving its strategic performance outcomes identified under 
        subsection (j); and
            ``(2) describes other activities conducted by the grantee 
        to increase the success rates of the reentry population, such 
        as programs that foster effective risk management and treatment 
        programming, offender accountability, and community and victim 
        participation.
    ``(l) Performance Measurement.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Attorney General, in consultation 
        with the grantees, shall--
                    ``(A) identify primary and secondary sources of 
                information to support the measurement of the strategic 
                performance outcomes identified under subsection (j);
                    ``(B) identify sources and methods of data 
                collection in support of performance measurement 
                required under this section;
                    ``(C) provide to all grantees technical assistance 
                and training on performance measures and data 
                collection for purposes of this section; and
                    ``(D) coordinate with the Substance Abuse and 
                Mental Health Services Administration on strategic 
                performance outcome measures and data collection for 
                purposes of this section relating to substance abuse 
                and mental health.
            ``(2) Coordination.--The Attorney General shall coordinate 
        with other Federal agencies to identify national and other 
        sources of information to support grantee's performance 
        measurement.
            ``(3) Standards for analysis.--Any statistical analysis of 
        population data conducted under this section shall be conducted 
        in accordance with the Federal Register Notice dated October 
        30, 1997, relating to classification standards.
    ``(m) National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource 
Center.--
            ``(1) Authority.--The Attorney General may, using amounts 
        made available to carry out this section, make a grant to an 
        eligible organization to provide for the establishment of a 
        National Adult and Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center.
            ``(2) Eligible organization.--An organization eligible for 
        the grant under paragraph (1) is any national nonprofit 
        organization that--
                    ``(A) is approved by the Federal task force 
                established under subsection (o); and
                    ``(B) provides technical assistance and training 
                to, and has special expertise and broad, national-level 
                experience in, offender reentry programs, training, and 
                research.
            ``(3) Use of funds.--The organization receiving the grant 
        under paragraph (1) shall establish a National Adult and 
        Juvenile Offender Reentry Resource Center to--
                    ``(A) provide education, training, and technical 
                assistance to States, units of local governments, 
                territories, tribes, service providers, nonprofit 
                organizations, and corrections institutions;
                    ``(B) collect data and best practices in offender 
                reentry from demonstration grantees and others agencies 
                and organizations;
                    ``(C) develop and disseminate evaluation tools, 
                mechanisms, and measures to better assess and document 
                coalition performance measures and outcomes;
                    ``(D) disseminate knowledge to States and other 
                relevant entities about reentry, including best 
                practices, policy standards, and research findings;
                    ``(E) develop and implement procedures to assist 
                relevant authorities in--
                            ``(i) determining when release is 
                        appropriate; and
                            ``(ii) the use of data to inform the 
                        release decision;
                    ``(F) develop and implement procedures to identify 
                efficiently and effectively those violators of 
                probation, parole, or post-incarceration supervision 
                who should be returned to prison or jail and those who 
                should receive other penalties based on defined, 
                graduated sanctions;
                    ``(G) collaborate with the Federal task force 
                established under subsection (o) and the Federal 
                Resource Center for Children of Prisoners;
                    ``(H) develop a national reentry research agenda; 
                and
                    ``(I) bridge the gap between reentry research and 
                practice by translating knowledge from reentry research 
                into practical information.
            ``(4) Limit.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
        section, not more than 4 percent shall be available to carry 
        out this subsection.
    ``(n) Administration.--Of amounts made available to carry out this 
section--
            ``(1) not more than 2 percent shall be available for 
        administrative expenses in carrying out this section; and
            ``(2) not more than 2 percent shall be made available to 
        the National Institute of Justice to evaluate the effectiveness 
        of the demonstration projects funded under this section in 
        reducing recidivism and increasing public safety.
    ``(o) Task Force on Federal Programs and Activities Relating to 
Reentry of Offenders.--
            ``(1) Task force required.--The Attorney General, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Housing and Urban 
        Development, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of 
        Education, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the 
        Secretary of Veterans Affairs, the Secretary of Agriculture, 
        and the heads of such other elements of the Federal Government 
        as the Attorney General considers appropriate, and in 
        collaboration with States, units of local government, 
        territories, tribes, stakeholders, service providers, and 
        nonprofit organizations, shall establish an interagency task 
        force on Federal programs and activities relating to the 
        reentry of offenders into the community.
            ``(2) Duties.--The task force established under paragraph 
        (1) shall--
                    ``(A) identify any reentry program or activity that 
                may be resulting in overlapping or duplication of 
                reentry services, the scope of such overlapping or 
                duplication, and the relationship of such overlapping 
                and duplication to public safety, public health, and 
                effectiveness and efficiency;
                    ``(B) identify methods to improve collaboration and 
                coordination of such programs and activities;
                    ``(C) identify areas of responsibility in which 
                improved collaboration and coordination of such 
                programs and activities would result in increased 
                effectiveness or efficiency;
                    ``(D) develop innovative interagency or 
                intergovernmental programs, activities, or procedures 
                that would improve outcomes of offenders reentering the 
                community and the children of offenders;
                    ``(E) develop methods for increasing regular 
                communication that would increase interagency program 
                effectiveness;
                    ``(F) identify areas of research that can be 
                coordinated across agencies with an emphasis on 
                applying science-based practices to support, treatment, 
                and intervention programs for offenders reentering the 
                community;
                    ``(G) identify funding areas that should be 
                coordinated across agencies, and any gaps in funding 
                for reentry services; and
                    ``(H) in collaboration with the National Adult and 
                Juvenile Offender Reentry Resources Center established 
                under subsection (m), identify successful reentry 
                programs and collect best practices in offender reentry 
                from demonstration grantees and other agencies and 
                organizations, determine the extent to which such 
                programs and practices can be replicated, and make 
                information on such programs and practices available to 
                States, localities, nonprofit organizations, and 
                others.
            ``(3) Report.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of enactment of the Fighting Gangs and Empowering 
                Youth Act of 2007, the task force established under 
                paragraph (1) shall submit to Congress a report on 
                barriers to reentry, including recommendations to 
                overcome such barriers. The task force shall provide 
                for public input in preparing the report.
                    ``(B) Contents.--The report required by 
                subparagraph (A) shall identify Federal and other 
                barriers to successful reentry of offenders into the 
                community and analyze the effects of such barriers on 
                offenders and on children and other family members of 
                offenders, including barriers relating to--
                            ``(i) child support obligations and 
                        procedures;
                            ``(ii) Social Security benefits (including 
                        barriers in timely restoration of suspended 
                        disability benefits immediately upon release), 
                        veterans benefits, food stamps, and other forms 
                        of Federal public assistance;
                            ``(iii) Medicaid and Medicare laws, 
                        regulations, guidelines or procedures 
                        (including barriers in timely restoration of 
                        benefits caused by delay in reinstatement of 
                        suspended Social Security disability benefits);
                            ``(iv) education programs, financial 
                        assistance, and full civic participation;
                            ``(v) TANF program funding criteria and 
                        other welfare benefits;
                            ``(vi) sustainable employment and career 
                        advancement, including barriers that are not 
                        directly connected to the crime committed and 
                        the risk that the offender presents to the 
                        community;
                            ``(vii) laws, regulations, rules, and 
                        practices that restrict Federal employment 
                        licensure and participation in Federal 
                        contracting programs;
                            ``(viii) admissions to and evictions from 
                        Federal housing programs, including--
                                    ``(I) examining the number and 
                                characteristics of offenders who are 
                                evicted from or denied eligibility for 
                                Federal housing programs;
                                    ``(II) the effect of eligibility 
                                denials and evictions on homelessness, 
                                family stability, and family 
                                reunification;
                                    ``(III) the extent to which arrest 
                                records are the basis for denying 
                                applications;
                                    ``(IV) the implications of 
                                considering misdemeanor convictions 
                                that occurred more than 5 years before 
                                the date of an application and felony 
                                convictions that occurred more than 10 
                                years before the date of an 
                                application, and the appropriateness of 
                                taking into account rehabilitation and 
                                other mitigating factors; and
                                    ``(V) the feasibility of using 
                                probationary or conditional eligibility 
                                based on participation in a supervised 
                                rehabilitation program or other 
                                appropriate social services;
                            ``(ix) reentry procedures, case planning, 
                        and transitions of offenders from the custody 
                        of the Bureau of Prisons to a Federal parole or 
                        probation program, or to community corrections;
                            ``(x) laws, regulations, rules, and 
                        practices that may require a parolee to return 
                        to the same county that the parolee was living 
                        in prior to being arrested, and the potential 
                        for changing such laws, regulations, rules, and 
                        practices; and
                            ``(xi) prerelease planning procedures for 
                        offenders to ensure that the eligibility of an 
                        offender for Federal or State benefits 
                        (including Medicaid, Medicare, Social Security 
                        and veterans benefits) upon release is 
                        established prior to release, subject to any 
                        limitations in law, and to ensure that 
                        offenders are provided with referrals to 
                        appropriate social and health services or are 
                        linked to appropriate nonprofit organizations.
            ``(4) Annual reports.--On an annual basis, the task force 
        established under paragraph (1) shall submit to Congress a 
        report on the activities of the task force, including specific 
        recommendations of the task force on matters referred to in 
        paragraph (2).
            ``(5) Standards for analysis.--Any statistical analysis of 
        population data under this section shall be conducted in 
        accordance with the Federal Register Notice dated October 30, 
        1997, relating to classification standards.''.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 2976 of the Omnibus 
Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w) is amended 
in subsection (p)(1), as redesignated by subsection (d)(1) of this 
section, by striking ``$15,000,000'' and all that follows, and 
inserting ``$100,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 112. CHILDREN OF INCARCERATED PARENTS AND FAMILIES.

    The Secretary of Health and Human Services may--
            (1) prepare and make available to States a report on any 
        recommendations regarding the role of State child protective 
        services at the time of the arrest of an individual; and
            (2) by regulation, establish such services as the Secretary 
        determines necessary for the preservation of families that have 
        been impacted by the incarceration of a family member, with 
        special attention given to the impact on children.

SEC. 113. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EMPLOYMENT OF FORMER PRISONERS.

    The Secretary of Labor shall take such steps as are necessary to 
implement a program, including a program carried out through the 
Employment and Training Administration, to educate employers, and to 
educate one-stop partners and one-stop operators (as such terms are 
defined in section 101 of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 
U.S.C. 2801)), about incentives (in existence as of the date of the 
implementation), including the Federal bonding program carried out 
through the Employment and Training Administration and tax credits, for 
hiring former Federal, State, or local prisoners.

SEC. 114. NATIONAL RESOURCE CENTER FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES OF THE 
              INCARCERATED.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services for fiscal years 2008 and 2009, such sums as may be 
necessary for the continuing activities of the National Resource Center 
for Children and Families of the Incarcerated, including conducting a 
review of the policies and practices of State and Federal corrections 
agencies to support parent-child relationships.

SEC. 115. USE OF VIOLENT OFFENDER TRUTH-IN-SENTENCING GRANT FUNDING FOR 
              DEMONSTRATION PROJECT ACTIVITIES.

    Section 20102(a) of the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement 
Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13702(a)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting ``; and''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) to carry out any activity described in subsection (b) 
        or (c) of section 2976 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe 
        Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3797w (b) and (c)).''.

SEC. 116. GRANTS TO STUDY PAROLE OR POST-INCARCERATION SUPERVISION 
              VIOLATIONS AND REVOCATIONS.

    (a) Grants Authorized.--The Attorney General may award grants to 
States to study and to improve the collection of data with respect to--
            (1) offenders whose parole or post-incarceration 
        supervision is revoked; and
            (2) which such offenders represent the greatest risk to 
        community safety.
    (b) Requirements.--As a condition of receiving a grant under this 
section, the Governor or other chief executive officer of a State 
shall--
            (1) certify that the State has, or intends to establish, a 
        program that collects comprehensive and reliable data with 
        respect to individuals described in subsection (a)(1), 
        including data on--
                    (A) the number and type of parole or post-
                incarceration supervision violations that occur within 
                that State;
                    (B) the reasons for parole or post-incarceration 
                supervision revocation;
                    (C) the underlying behavior that led to the 
                revocations; and
                    (D) the terms of imprisonment or other penalties 
                that are imposed for the violations; and
            (2) provide the data described in paragraph (1) to the 
        Bureau of Justice Statistics, in a form prescribed by the 
        Bureau.
    (c) Standards of Analysis.--Any statistical analysis of population 
data conducted under this section shall be conducted in accordance with 
the Federal Register Notice dated October 30, 1997, relating to 
classification standards.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each fiscal years 
2008 and 2009.

SEC. 117. IMPROVEMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT FOR 
              STATE PRISONERS PROGRAM.

    Section 1904(d) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act 
of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3796ff-3(d)) is amended to read as follows:
    ``(d) Residential Substance Abuse Treatment.--In this part, the 
term `residential substance abuse treatment'--
            ``(1) means a course of individual and group activities and 
        treatment, lasting at least 6 months, in residential treatment 
        facilities set apart from the general prison population; and
            ``(2) may include the use of pharmacotherapies where 
        appropriate, that may extend beyond the 6-month period.''.

SEC. 118. RESIDENTIAL DRUG ABUSE PROGRAM IN FEDERAL PRISONS.

    Section 3621(e)(5)(A) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ``means a course of'' and all that follows through the 
semicolon at the end and inserting the following: ``means a course of 
individual and group activities and treatment, lasting at least 6 
months, in residential treatment facilities set apart from the general 
prison population (which may include the use of pharmacotherapies, 
where appropriate, that may extend beyond the 6-month period);''.

SEC. 119. REMOVAL OF LIMITATION ON AMOUNT OF FUNDS AVAILABLE FOR 
              CORRECTIONS EDUCATION PROGRAMS UNDER THE ADULT EDUCATION 
              AND FAMILY LITERACY ACT.

    (a) In General.--Section 222(a)(1) of the Adult Education and 
Family Literacy Act (20 U.S.C. 9222(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``, 
of which not more than 10 percent of the 82.5 percent shall be 
available to carry out section 225''.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Education shall submit to 
Congress a report--
            (1) on the use of literacy funds provided under the Adult 
        Education and Family Literacy Act (20 U.S.C. 9201 et seq.) to 
        correctional institutions as defined in section 225(d)(2) of 
        that Act (20 U.S.C. 9225(d)(2)); and
            (2) that specifies the amount of literacy funds that are 
        provided to each category of correctional institution in each 
        State, and identify whether funds are being sufficiently 
        allocated among the various types of institutions.

SEC. 120. MENTORING GRANTS TO NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) Authority To Make Grants.--From amounts made available to carry 
out this section, the Attorney General shall make grants, in 
consultation with the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Housing 
and Urban Development, to nonprofit organizations for the purpose of 
providing mentoring and other transitional services essential to the 
reentry of offenders into the community.
    (b) Use of Funds.--A grant under subsection (a) may be used for--
            (1) mentoring adult and juvenile offenders during 
        incarceration, during transition back to the community, and 
        post-incarceration; and
            (2) transitional services to assist in the reentry of 
        offenders into the community.
    (c) Application; Priority Consideration.--
            (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
        this section, a nonprofit organization shall submit an 
        application to the Attorney General based on criteria developed 
        by the Attorney General, in consultation with the Secretary of 
        Labor and the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
            (2) Priority.--The Attorney General shall give priority 
        consideration to applications that--
                    (A) include a plan to implement activities that 
                have been demonstrated to be effective in facilitating 
                the successful reentry of offenders into the community; 
                and
                    (B) provide for an independent evaluation.
    (d) Strategic Performance Outcomes.--The Attorney General shall 
require each applicant under this section to identify specific 
performance outcomes related to the long-term goal of stabilizing 
communities by reducing recidivism and reintegrating offenders into the 
community.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Attorney General to carry out this section 
$25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 and 2009.

SEC. 121. CLARIFICATION OF AUTHORITY TO PLACE PRISONER IN COMMUNITY 
              CORRECTIONS.

    Section 3624(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended to read 
as follows:
    ``(c) Prerelease Custody.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Bureau of Prisons shall, to the 
        extent practicable, assure that a prisoner serving a term of 
        imprisonment spends 20 percent of the final portion of such 
        term, not to exceed 12 months, under conditions that will 
        afford the prisoner a reasonable opportunity to adjust to and 
        prepare for reentry into the community. Such conditions may 
        include a community correctional facility.
            ``(2) Authority.--The Bureau of Prisons is authorized to 
        place a prisoner in home confinement for the final portion of 
        the term of imprisonment of that prisoner, not to exceed the 
        shorter of 10 percent of that term of imprisonment or 6 months.
            ``(3) Assistance.--The United States Probation System 
        shall, to the extent practicable, offer assistance to a 
        prisoner during any prerelease custody under this subsection.
            ``(4) No limitations.--Nothing in this subsection shall be 
        construed to limit or restrict the authority of the Bureau of 
        Prisons granted under section 3621 of this title.''.

SEC. 122. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY 
              TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED YOUTH OFFENDERS.

    Section 821 of the Higher Education Amendments of 1998 (20 U.S.C. 
1151) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 821. GRANTS TO STATES FOR IMPROVED WORKPLACE AND COMMUNITY 
              TRANSITION TRAINING FOR INCARCERATED YOUTH OFFENDERS.

    ``(a) Definition.--For purposes of this section, the term `youth 
offender' means a male or female offender under the age of 35, who is 
incarcerated in a State prison, including a prerelease facility.
    ``(b) Grant Program.--The Secretary of Education (in this section 
referred to as the `Secretary')--
            ``(1) shall establish a program in accordance with this 
        section to provide grants to the State correctional education 
        agencies in the States, from allocations for the States under 
        subsection (h), to assist and encourage youth offenders to 
        acquire functional literacy, life, and job skills, through--
                    ``(A) the pursuit of a postsecondary education 
                certificate, or an associate or bachelor's degree while 
                in prison; and
                    ``(B) employment counseling and other related 
                services which start during incarceration and end not 
                later than 1 year after release from confinement; and
            ``(2) may establish such performance objectives and 
        reporting requirements for State correctional education 
        agencies receiving grants under this section as the Secretary 
        determines are necessary to assess the effectiveness of the 
        program under this section.
    ``(c) Application.--To be eligible for a grant under this section, 
a State correctional education agency shall submit to the Secretary a 
proposal for a youth offender program that--
            ``(1) identifies the scope of the problem, including the 
        number of youth offenders in need of postsecondary education 
        and career and technical education;
            ``(2) lists the accredited public or private educational 
        institution or institutions that will provide postsecondary 
        educational services;
            ``(3) lists the cooperating agencies, public and private, 
        or businesses that will provide related services, such as 
        counseling in the areas of career development, substance abuse, 
        health, and parenting skills;
            ``(4) describes specific performance objectives and 
        evaluation methods (in addition to, and consistent with, any 
        objectives established by the Secretary under subsection 
        (b)(2)) that the State correctional education agency will use 
        in carrying out its proposal, including--
                    ``(A) specific and quantified student outcome 
                measures that are compared with outcomes for non-
                program participants with similar demographic 
                characteristics; and
                    ``(B) measures, consistent with the data elements 
                and definitions described in subsection (d)(1)(A), of--
                            ``(i) program completion, including an 
                        explicit definition of what constitutes a 
                        program completion within the proposal;
                            ``(ii) knowledge and skill attainment, 
                        including specification of instruments that 
                        will measure knowledge and skill attainment;
                            ``(iii) attainment of employment both 
                        before and after release;
                            ``(iv) success in employment indicated by 
                        job retention and advancement; and
                            ``(v) recidivism, including such 
                        subindicators as time before subsequent offense 
                        and severity of subsequent offense;
            ``(5) describes how the proposed programs are to be 
        integrated with existing State correctional education programs 
        (such as adult education, graduate education degree programs, 
        and career and technical education) and State industry 
        programs;
            ``(6) describes how the proposed programs will utilize 
        technology to deliver the services under this section; and
            ``(7) describes how students will be selected so that only 
        youth offenders eligible under subsection (e) will be enrolled 
        in a program receiving a grant under this section.
    ``(d) Program Requirements.--Each State correctional education 
agency receiving a grant under this section shall--
            ``(1) annually report to the Secretary regarding--
                    ``(A) the results of the evaluations conducted 
                using data elements and definitions provided by the 
                Secretary for the use of State correctional education 
                programs;
                    ``(B) any objectives or requirements established by 
                the Secretary pursuant to subsection (b)(2); and
                    ``(C) the additional performance objectives and 
                evaluation methods contained in the proposal described 
                in subsection (c)(4), as necessary to document the 
                attainment of project performance objectives; and
            ``(2) expend on each participating eligible student for an 
        academic year, not more than the maximum Federal Pell Grant 
        appropriated under section 401 of the Higher Education Act of 
        1965 for such academic year, which shall be used for--
                    ``(A) tuition, books, and essential materials; and
                    ``(B) related services such as career development, 
                substance abuse counseling, parenting skills training, 
                and health education.
    ``(e) Student Eligibility.--A youth offender shall be eligible for 
participation in a program receiving a grant under this section if the 
youth offender--
            ``(1) is eligible to be released within 5 years (including 
        a youth offender who is eligible for parole within such time); 
        and
            ``(2) is 35 years of age or younger.
    ``(f) Length of Participation.--A State correctional education 
agency receiving a grant under this section shall provide educational 
and related services to each participating youth offender for a period 
not to exceed 5 years, 1 year of which may be devoted to study in a 
graduate education degree program or to remedial education services for 
students who have obtained a secondary school diploma or its recognized 
equivalent. Educational and related services shall start during the 
period of incarceration in prison or prerelease, and the related 
services may continue for not more than 1 year after release from 
confinement.
    ``(g) Education Delivery Systems.--State correctional education 
agencies and cooperating institutions shall, to the extent practicable, 
use high-tech applications in developing programs to meet the 
requirements and goals of this section.
    ``(h) Allocation of Funds.--From the funds appropriated pursuant to 
subsection (i) for each fiscal year, the Secretary shall allot to each 
State an amount that bears the same relationship to such funds as the 
total number of youth offenders eligible under subsection (e) in such 
State bears to the total number of such youth offenders in all States.
    ``(i) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $30,000,000 for fiscal years 
2008 and 2009.''.

SEC. 123. IMPROVED REENTRY PROCEDURES FOR FEDERAL PRISONERS.

    (a) General Reentry Procedures.--The Attorney General shall take 
such steps as are necessary to modify existing procedures and policies 
to enhance case planning and to improve the transition of offenders 
from the custody of the Bureau of Prisons to the community, including 
placement of such individuals in community corrections facilities.
    (b) Procedures Regarding Benefits.--
            (1) In general.--The Bureau of Prisons shall establish 
        reentry planning procedures within the Release Preparation 
        Program that include providing Federal offenders with 
        information in the following areas:
                    (A) Health and nutrition.
                    (B) Employment.
                    (C) Personal finance and consumer skills.
                    (D) Information and community resources.
                    (E) Release requirements and procedures.
                    (F) Personal growth and development.
            (2) Format.--Any written information that the Bureau of 
        Prisons provides to offenders for reentry planning purposes 
        shall use common terminology and language. The Bureau of 
        Prisons shall provide the United States Probation and Pretrial 
        Services System with relevant information on the medical care 
        needs and the mental health treatment needs of offenders 
        scheduled for release and reentry into the community. The 
        United States Probation and Pretrial Services System shall take 
        this information into account when developing supervision plans 
        in an effort to address the medical care and mental health care 
        needs of such offenders. The Bureau of Prisons shall provide 
        offenders with a sufficient amount of all necessary medications 
        upon release from custody.

                    Subtitle C--Economic Empowerment

SEC. 131. REAUTHORIZATION OF LEARN AND SERVE AMERICA.

    Section 501(a)(1)(A) of the National and Community Service Act of 
1990 (42 U.S.C. 12681(a)(1)(A)) is amended by striking ``fiscal year 
1994 and such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 
1995 through 1996'' and inserting ``fiscal year 2008 and each of the 5 
succeeding fiscal years''.

SEC. 132. JOB CORPS.

    Section 161 of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 
2901) is amended by striking ``such sums as may be necessary for each 
of the fiscal years 1999 through 2003'' and inserting ``$1,800,000,000 
(of which $300,000,000 shall be designated to create additional Job 
Corps centers, especially in high gang activity areas) for each of 
fiscal years 2008 through 2012''.

SEC. 133. WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT YOUTH ACTIVITIES.

    Section 137(a) of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 (29 U.S.C. 
2872(a)) is amended by striking ``such sums as may be necessary for 
each of fiscal years 1999 through 2003'' and inserting ``$1,000,000,000 
for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012''.

SEC. 134. EXPANSION AND REAUTHORIZATION OF THE MENTORING INITIATIVE FOR 
              SYSTEM INVOLVED YOUTH.

    (a) Expansion.--Section 261(a) of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5665(a)) is amended by 
inserting at the end the following: ``The Administrator shall expand 
the number of sites receiving such grants from 4 to 12.''.
    (b) Reauthorization.--Section 299 of the Juvenile Justice and 
Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5671) is amended by 
striking subsection (c) and inserting the following:
    ``(c) Authorization of Appropriations for Part E.--There are 
authorized to be appropriated to carry out part E $4,800,000 for each 
of the fiscal years 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, and 2012.''.

       TITLE II--SUPPRESSION AND COMMUNITY ANTI-GANG INITIATIVES

               Subtitle A--Gang Activity Policing Program

SEC. 201. AUTHORITY TO MAKE GANG ACTIVITY POLICING GRANTS.

    The Attorney General may make grants to States, units of local 
government, Indian tribes, other public and private entities, and 
multi-jurisdictional or regional consortia thereof to increase police 
presence, to expand and improve cooperative efforts between law 
enforcement agencies and members of the community to address gang 
activity problems, and to otherwise enhance public safety.

SEC. 202. ELIGIBLE ACTIVITIES.

    Grants made under this subtitle may include programs, projects, and 
other activities to--
            (1) rehire law enforcement officers who have been laid off 
        as a result of State and local budget reductions for deployment 
        to reduce gang activity;
            (2) hire and train additional career law enforcement 
        officers for deployment to reduce gang activity;
            (3) procure equipment, technology, or support systems, or 
        pay overtime, to increase the number of officers deployed in 
        gang activity policing;
            (4) hire officers to perform intelligence activities to 
        reduce gang activity;
            (5) increase the number of law enforcement officers 
        involved in activities that are focused on interaction with 
        members of the community or on proactive gang control and 
        prevention by redeploying officers to such activities;
            (6) establish and implement innovative programs to increase 
        and enhance proactive crime control and gang prevention 
        programs involving law enforcement officers and young persons 
        in the community;
            (7) establish school-based partnerships between local law 
        enforcement agencies and local school systems by using school 
        resource officers who operate in and around elementary and 
        secondary schools to combat gangs;
            (8) develop new technologies, including interoperable 
        communications technologies, modernized criminal record 
        technology, and forensic technology, to assist State and local 
        law enforcement agencies in reducing gang activity and to train 
        law enforcement officers to use such technologies; and
            (9) support the purchase by law enforcement agencies of not 
        more than 1 service weapon per officer, upon hiring for 
        deployment in gang activity policing or, if necessary, upon the 
        initial redeployment of an officer to gang activity policing.

SEC. 203. PREFERENTIAL CONSIDERATION OF APPLICATIONS FOR CERTAIN 
              GRANTS.

    In awarding grants under this subtitle, the Attorney General may 
give preferential consideration to applicants--
            (1) for hiring and rehiring additional career law 
        enforcement officers that involve a non-Federal contribution 
        exceeding the 25 percent minimum under this subtitle; and
            (2) that are located in a high-intensity interstate gang 
        activity area designated under section 211.

SEC. 204. USE OF COMPONENTS.

    The Attorney General may use any component of the Department of 
Justice in carrying out this subtitle.

SEC. 205. MINIMUM AMOUNT.

    Unless all applications submitted by any qualifying State and 
grantee within that State under this subtitle have been funded, each 
qualifying State, together with grantees within that State, shall 
receive in each fiscal year under this subtitle an amount equal to not 
less than 0.5 percent of the total amount appropriated in that fiscal 
year for grants under this subtitle. In this section, ``qualifying 
State'' means any State that has submitted an application for a grant, 
or in which a unit of local government, Indian tribe, other public or 
private entity, or multijurisdictional or regional consortia thereof 
has submitted an application for a grant, that meets the requirements 
established by the Attorney General under this subtitle.

SEC. 206. MATCHING FUNDS.

    (a) In General.--The Federal share of the costs of a program, 
project, or activity carried out with a grant under this subtitle shall 
be not more than 75 percent, unless the Attorney General waives, wholly 
or in part, the requirement under this section of a non-Federal 
contribution to the costs of a program, project, or activity.
    (b) Hiring.--For a grant for a period exceeding 1 year for hiring 
or rehiring career law enforcement officers, the Federal share shall 
decrease each year for up to 5 years, by an amount determined by the 
Attorney General, with a goal of the continuation of the increased 
hiring level using State or local sources of funding following the 
conclusion of Federal support.

SEC. 207. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subtitle 
$700,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012. Any amount 
appropriated under this section shall remain available until expended.

       Subtitle B--High-Intensity Interstate Gang Activity Areas

SEC. 211. DESIGNATION OF AND ASSISTANCE FOR ``HIGH-INTENSITY'' 
              INTERSTATE GANG ACTIVITY AREAS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section the following definitions shall 
apply:
            (1) Governor.--The term ``Governor'' means a Governor or 
        other chief executive officer of a State, or the Mayor of the 
        District of Columbia.
            (2) High-intensity interstate gang activity area.--The term 
        ``high-intensity interstate gang activity area'' means an area 
        within a State that is designated as a high-intensity 
        interstate gang activity area under subsection (b)(1).
            (3) State.--The term ``State''--
                    (A) means a State of the United States, the 
                District of Columbia, and any commonwealth, territory, 
                or possession of the United States; and
                    (B) includes an ``Indian tribe'', as that term is 
                defined in section 102 of the Federally Recognized 
                Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 479a).
    (b) High-Intensity Interstate Gang Activity Areas.--
            (1) Designation.--The Attorney General, after consultation 
        with the Governor of any appropriate State, may designate as 
        high-intensity interstate gang activity areas, a specific area 
        that is located within 1 or more States, based on the criteria 
        under paragraph (4). To the extent that the goals of a high-
        intensity interstate gang activity area overlap with the goals 
        of a high-intensity drug trafficking area designed under 
        section 707 of the Office of National Drug Control Policy 
        Reauthorization Act of 1988 (21 U.S.C. 1706), the Attorney 
        General may merge the 2 areas to serve both functions. The 
        Attorney General may not make the final designation of a high-
        intensity interstate gang activity area without consulting with 
        and receiving comment from local elected officials representing 
        communities within the affected States.
            (2) Assistance.--In order to provide Federal assistance to 
        high-intensity interstate gang activity areas, the Attorney 
        General shall--
                    (A) establish criminal street gang enforcement 
                teams, consisting of Federal, State, and local law 
                enforcement authorities, for the coordinated 
                investigation, disruption, apprehension, and 
                prosecution of criminal street gangs and offenders in 
                each high-intensity interstate gang activity area;
                    (B) direct the reassignment or detailing from any 
                Federal department or agency (subject to the approval 
                of the head of that department or agency, in the case 
                of a department or agency other than the Department of 
                Justice) of personnel to each criminal street gang 
                enforcement team established under subparagraph (A); 
                and
                    (C) provide all necessary funding for the operation 
                of such criminal street gang enforcement teams in each 
                high-intensity interstate gang activity area.
            (3) Composition of criminal street gang enforcement team.--
        Each team established under paragraph (2)(A) shall consist of 
        agents and officers, where feasible, from--
                    (A) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and 
                Explosives;
                    (B) the Department of Homeland Security;
                    (C) the Department of Housing and Urban 
                Development;
                    (D) the Drug Enforcement Administration;
                    (E) the Internal Revenue Service;
                    (F) the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
                    (G) the United States Marshals Service;
                    (H) the United States Postal Service;
                    (I) State and local law enforcement; and
                    (J) Federal, State, and local prosecutors.
            (4) Criteria for designation.--In considering an area for 
        designation as a high-intensity interstate gang activity area 
        under this section, the Attorney General shall consider--
                    (A) the current and predicted levels of gang crime 
                activity in that area;
                    (B) the extent to which violent crime in that area 
                appears to be related to criminal street gang activity, 
                such as drug trafficking, murder, robbery, assaults, 
                carjacking, arson, kidnapping, extortion, and other 
                criminal activity;
                    (C) the extent to which State and local law 
                enforcement agencies have committed resources to--
                            (i) respond to the gang crime problem in 
                        that area; and
                            (ii) participate in a gang enforcement 
                        team;
                    (D) the extent to which a significant increase in 
                the allocation of Federal resources would enhance local 
                response to the gang crime activities in that area; and
                    (E) any other criteria that the Attorney General 
                considers to be appropriate.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
        $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 to 2012 to carry out 
        this section.
            (2) Use of funds.--Of amounts made available under 
        paragraph (1) in each fiscal year--
                    (A) 50 percent shall be used to carry out 
                subsection (b)(2); and
                    (B) 50 percent shall be used to make grants 
                available for community-based programs to provide crime 
                prevention, research, and intervention services that 
                are designed for gang members and at-risk youth in a 
                high-intensity interstate gang activity area.
            (3) Reporting requirements.--Not later than February 1 of 
        each year, the Attorney General shall provide a report to 
        Congress which describes, for each high-intensity interstate 
        gang activity area--
                    (A) the specific long-term and short-term goals and 
                objectives;
                    (B) the measurements used to evaluate the 
                performance of the high-intensity interstate gang 
                activity area in achieving the long-term and short-term 
                goals;
                    (C) the age, composition, and membership of gangs 
                in that high-intensity interstate gang activity area;
                    (D) the number and nature of crimes committed by 
                gangs in that high-intensity interstate gang activity 
                area; and
                    (E) the definition of the term ``gang'' used to 
                compile that report.

                     Subtitle C--Additional Funding

SEC. 221. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES NEEDED BY THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF 
              INVESTIGATION TO INVESTIGATE AND PROSECUTE VIOLENT 
              CRIMINAL STREET GANGS.

    (a) Responsibilities of the Director of the FBI.--The Director of 
the Federal Bureau of Investigation shall use any funds made available 
under this section to carry out the Safe Streets Program and to support 
the criminal street gang enforcement teams, established under section 
211(b)(2), in high-intensity interstate gang activity areas designated 
under section 211(b)(1).
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--In addition to amounts 
otherwise authorized, there are authorized to be appropriated 
$10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012 to carry out 
this section, to remain available until expended.

SEC. 222. GRANTS TO PROSECUTORS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT TO COMBAT VIOLENT 
              CRIME AND TO PROTECT WITNESSES AND VICTIMS OF CRIMES.

    (a) In General.--Section 31702 of the Violent Crime Control and Law 
Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13862) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and 
        inserting a semicolon; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(5) to hire additional prosecutors to--
                    ``(A) allow more cases to be prosecuted; and
                    ``(B) reduce backlogs;
            ``(6) to fund technology, equipment, and training for 
        prosecutors and law enforcement in order to increase accurate 
        identification of gang members and violent offenders, and to 
        maintain databases with such information to facilitate 
        coordination among law enforcement and prosecutors; and
            ``(7) to create and expand witness and victim protection 
        programs to prevent threats, intimidation, and retaliation 
        against victims of, and witnesses to, violent crimes.''.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 31707 of the Violent 
Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13867) is 
amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 31707. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
$32,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2012 to carry out 
this subtitle.
    ``(b) Use of Funds.--Of the amounts made available under subsection 
(a) in each fiscal year, $12,000,000 shall be used to carry out section 
31702(7).''.

SEC. 223. ENHANCEMENT OF PROJECT SAFE NEIGHBORHOODS INITIATIVE TO 
              IMPROVE ENFORCEMENT OF CRIMINAL LAWS AGAINST VIOLENT 
              GANGS.

    (a) In General.--The Attorney General is authorized to expand the 
Project Safe Neighborhoods program to require each United States 
attorney to--
            (1) identify, investigate, and prosecute significant 
        criminal street gangs operating within the district of that 
        United States attorney;
            (2) coordinate the identification, investigation, and 
        prosecution of criminal street gangs among Federal, State, and 
        local law enforcement agencies; and
            (3) coordinate and establish criminal street gang 
        enforcement teams, established under section 211(b)(2), in 
        high-intensity interstate gang activity areas designated under 
        section 211(b)(1) within the district of that United States 
        attorney.
    (b) Additional Staff for Project Safe Neighborhoods.--
            (1) In general.--The Attorney General may hire assistant 
        United States attorneys, non-attorney coordinators, or 
        paralegals to carry out this section.
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 
        through 2012 to carry out this section.

SEC. 224. PROVIDING ADDITIONAL FORENSIC EXAMINERS.

    Section 816 of the USA PATRIOT Act (28 U.S.C. 509 note) is 
amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (4), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (5) as (6); and
                    (C) by inserting after paragraph (4) the following:
            ``(5) to hire additional forensic examiners to help with 
        forensic work and to fight gang activity; and''; and
            (2) in subsection (b), by amending paragraph (1) to read as 
        follows:
            ``(1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated $55,000,000 for each fiscal year to carry 
        out this section.''.

             TITLE III--PUNISHMENT AND IMPROVED CRIME DATA

                        Subtitle A--Gang Crimes

SEC. 301. CRIMINAL STREET GANGS.

    (a) Criminal Street Gang Prosecutions.--Section 521 of title 18, 
United States Code, is amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 521. Criminal street gang prosecutions
    ``(a) Definitions.--As used in this chapter:
            ``(1) Criminal street gang.--The term `criminal street 
        gang' means a formal or informal group, club, organization, or 
        association of 5 or more individuals--
                    ``(A) who individually, jointly, or in combination, 
                have committed or attempted to commit for the direct or 
                indirect benefit of, at the direction of, in 
                furtherance of, or in association with the group, club 
                organization, or association at least 2 separate acts, 
                each of which is a predicate gang crime--
                            ``(i) 1 of which occurs after the date of 
                        enactment of the Fighting Gangs and Empowering 
                        Youth Act of 2007;
                            ``(ii) the last of which occurs not later 
                        than 5 years after the commission of a prior 
                        predicate gang crime (excluding any period of 
                        imprisonment); and
                            ``(iii) 1 of which is a crime of violence 
                        or involves manufacturing, importing, 
                        distributing, possessing with intent to 
                        distribute, or otherwise dealing in a 
                        controlled substance or listed chemical (as 
                        those terms are defined in section 102 of the 
                        Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802)); and
                    ``(B) whose activities affect interstate or foreign 
                commerce, or involve the use of any facility of, or 
                travel in, interstate or foreign commerce.
            ``(2) Predicate gang crime.--The term `predicate gang 
        crime' means--
                    ``(A) any act, threat, conspiracy, or attempted 
                act, which is chargeable under Federal or State law and 
                punishable by imprisonment for more than 1 year 
                involving--
                            ``(i) murder;
                            ``(ii) manslaughter;
                            ``(iii) maiming;
                            ``(iv) assault with a dangerous weapon;
                            ``(v) assault resulting in serious bodily 
                        injury;
                            ``(vi) gambling;
                            ``(vii) kidnapping;
                            ``(viii) robbery;
                            ``(ix) extortion;
                            ``(x) arson;
                            ``(xi) obstruction of justice;
                            ``(xii) tampering with or retaliating 
                        against a witness, victim, or informant;
                            ``(xiii) burglary;
                            ``(xiv) sexual assault;
                            ``(xv) carjacking; or
                            ``(xvi) manufacturing, importing, 
                        distributing, possessing with intent to 
                        distribute, or otherwise dealing in a 
                        controlled substance or listed chemicals (as 
                        those terms are defined in section 102 of the 
                        Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802));
                    ``(B) any act punishable by imprisonment for more 
                than 1 year under--
                            ``(i) section 844 (relating to explosive 
                        materials);
                            ``(ii) section 922(g)(1) (where the 
                        underlying conviction is a violent felony (as 
                        defined in section 924(e)(2)(B) of this title) 
                        or is a serious drug offense (as defined in 
                        section 924(e)(2)(A) of this title));
                            ``(iii) subsection (a)(2), (b), (c), (g), 
                        or (h) of section 924 (relating to receipt, 
                        possession, and transfer of firearms);
                            ``(iv) sections 1028 and 1029 (relating to 
                        fraud and related activity in connection with 
                        identification documents or access devices);
                            ``(v) section 1503 (relating to obstruction 
                        of justice);
                            ``(vi) section 1510 (relating to 
                        obstruction of criminal investigations);
                            ``(vii) section 1512 (relating to tampering 
                        with a witness, victim, or informant) or 
                        section 1513 (relating to retaliating against a 
                        witness, victim, or informant);
                            ``(viii) section 1708 (relating to theft of 
                        stolen mail matter);
                            ``(ix) section 1951 (relating to 
                        interference with commerce, robbery or 
                        extortion);
                            ``(x) section 1952 (relating to 
                        racketeering);
                            ``(xi) section 1956 (relating to the 
                        laundering of monetary instruments);
                            ``(xii) section 1957 (relating to engaging 
                        in monetary transactions in property derived 
                        from specified unlawful activity);
                            ``(xiii) section 1958 (relating to use of 
                        interstate commerce facilities in the 
                        commission of murder-for-hire); or
                            ``(xiv) sections 2312 through 2315 
                        (relating to interstate transportation of 
                        stolen motor vehicles or stolen property); or
                    ``(C) any violation of section 274 (relating to 
                bringing in and harboring certain aliens), section 277 
                (relating to aiding or assisting certain aliens to 
                enter the United States), or section 278 (relating to 
                importation of alien for immoral purpose) of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1324, 1327, 
                and 1328).
            ``(3) Sexual assault.--The term `sexual assault' means any 
        offense that involves conduct that would violate chapter 109A 
        if the conduct occurred in the special maritime and territorial 
        jurisdiction of the United States.
            ``(4) State.--The term `State' means each of the several 
        States of the United States, the District of Columbia, and any 
        commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
    ``(b) Participation in Criminal Street Gangs.--It shall be 
unlawful--
            ``(1) to commit, or conspire or attempt to commit a 
        predicate gang crime--
                    ``(A) in furtherance or in aid of the activities of 
                a criminal street gang;
                    ``(B) for the purpose of gaining entrance to or 
                maintaining or increasing position in such a gang; or
                    ``(C) for the direct or indirect benefit of the 
                criminal street gang, or in association with the 
                criminal street gang; or
            ``(2) to employ, use, command, counsel, persuade, induce, 
        entice, or coerce any individual to commit, cause to commit, or 
        facilitate the commission of, a predicate gang crime--
                    ``(A) in furtherance or in aid of the activities of 
                a criminal street gang;
                    ``(B) for the purpose of gaining entrance to or 
                maintaining or increasing position in such a gang; or
                    ``(C) for the direct or indirect benefit of the 
                criminal street gang, or in association with the 
                criminal street gang.
    ``(c) Penalties.--Whoever violates subsection (b)--
            ``(1) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for not 
        more than 30 years, or both; and
            ``(2) if the violation is based on a predicate gang crime 
        for which the maximum penalty includes life imprisonment, shall 
        be fined under this title, imprisoned for any term of years or 
        for life, or both.
    ``(d) Forfeiture.--
            ``(1) In general.--The court, in imposing sentence on a 
        person who is convicted of an offense under this section, shall 
        order that the defendant forfeit to the United States--
                    ``(A) any property, real or personal, constituting 
                or traceable to gross proceeds obtained from that 
                offense; and
                    ``(B) any property used or intended to be used, in 
                any manner or part, to commit or to facilitate the 
                commission of that offense.
            ``(2) Criminal procedures.--The procedures under section 
        413 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853) (other 
        than subsection (d) of that section) and under rule 32.2 of the 
        Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure, shall apply to all stages 
        of a criminal forfeiture proceeding under this section.
            ``(3) Civil procedures.--Property subject to forfeiture 
        under paragraph (1) may be forfeited in a civil case under the 
        procedures set forth in chapter 46 of this title.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 26 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the 
item relating to section 521 and inserting the following:

``521. Criminal street gang prosecutions.''.

SEC. 302. SOLICITATION OR RECRUITMENT OF PERSONS AND VIOLENT CRIMES IN 
              FURTHERANCE OR IN AID OF CRIMINAL STREET GANGS.

    (a) Solicitation or Recruitment of Persons in Criminal Street Gang 
Activity.--Chapter 26 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 522. Recruitment of persons to participate in a criminal street 
              gang
    ``(a) Prohibited Acts.--It shall be unlawful for any person to 
recruit, employ, solicit, induce, command, or cause another person to 
be or remain as a member of a criminal street gang, or conspire to do 
so, with the intent to cause that person to participate in a predicate 
gang crime.
    ``(b) Definition of Minor.--In this section, the term `minor' means 
a person who is less than 18 years of age.
    ``(c) Penalties.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall--
            ``(1) be imprisoned not more than 10 years, fined under 
        this title, or both; or
            ``(2) if the person recruited, solicited, induced, 
        commanded, or caused to participate or remain in a criminal 
        street gang is under the age of 18--
                    ``(A) be imprisoned for not more than 20 years, 
                fined under this title, or both; and
                    ``(B) at the discretion of the sentencing judge, be 
                liable for any costs incurred by the Federal 
                Government, or by any State or local government, for 
                housing, maintaining, and treating the person until the 
                person attains the age of 18 years.''.
    (b) Violent Crimes and Criminal Street Gang Recruitment.--Chapter 
26 of title 18, United States Code, as amended by this Act, is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 523. Violent crimes in furtherance or in aid of a criminal 
              street gang
    ``Any person who, for the purpose of gaining entrance to or 
maintaining or increasing position in, or in furtherance or in aid of, 
or for the direct or indirect benefit of, or in association with a 
criminal street gang, or as consideration for the receipt of, or as 
consideration for a promise or agreement to pay, anything of pecuniary 
value to or from a criminal street gang, murders, kidnaps, sexually 
assaults, maims, assaults with a dangerous weapon, commits assault 
resulting in serious bodily injury upon, commits any other crime of 
violence or threatens to commit a crime of violence against any 
individual, or attempts or conspires to do so, shall be punished, in 
addition and consecutive to the punishment provided for any other 
violation of this chapter--
            ``(1) for murder, by imprisonment for any term of years or 
        for life, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(2) for kidnapping or sexual assault, by imprisonment for 
        any term of years or for life, a fine under this title, or 
        both;
            ``(3) for maiming, by imprisonment for any term of years or 
        for life, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(4) for assault with a dangerous weapon or assault 
        resulting in serious bodily injury, by imprisonment for not 
        more than 30 years, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(5) for any other crime of violence, by imprisonment for 
        not more than 20 years, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(6) for threatening to commit a crime of violence 
        specified in paragraphs (1) through (4), by imprisonment for 
        not more than 10 years, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(7) for attempting or conspiring to commit murder, 
        kidnapping, maiming, or sexual assault, by imprisonment for not 
        more than 30 years, a fine under this title, or both; and
            ``(8) for attempting or conspiring to commit a crime 
        involving assault with a dangerous weapon or assault resulting 
        in serious bodily injury, by imprisonment for not more than 20 
        years, a fine under this title, or both.''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 26 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the 
end the following:

``522. Recruitment of persons to participate in a criminal street gang.
``523. Violent crimes in furtherance of a criminal street gang.''.

SEC. 303. INTERSTATE AND FOREIGN TRAVEL OR TRANSPORTATION IN AID OF 
              RACKETEERING ENTERPRISES AND CRIMINAL STREET GANGS.

    Section 1952 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) by striking ``and thereafter performs or 
                attempts to perform'' and inserting ``and thereafter 
                performs, or attempts or conspires to perform''; and
                    (B) by striking ``5 years'' and inserting ``10 
                years'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
        (c) and (d), respectively;
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Whoever travels in interstate or foreign commerce or uses the 
mail or any facility in interstate or foreign commerce, with the intent 
to kill, assault, bribe, force, intimidate, or threaten any person, to 
delay or influence the testimony of, or prevent from testifying, a 
witness in a State criminal proceeding and thereafter performs, or 
attempts or conspires to perform, an act described in this subsection, 
shall--
            ``(1) be fined under this title, imprisoned for any term of 
        years, or both; and
            ``(2) if death results, imprisoned for any term of years or 
        for life.''; and
            (4) in subsection (c)(2), as redesignated under 
        subparagraph (B), by inserting ``intimidation of, or 
        retaliation against, a witness, victim, juror, or informant,'' 
        after ``extortion, bribery,''.

SEC. 304. AMENDMENTS RELATING TO VIOLENT CRIME IN AREAS OF EXCLUSIVE 
              FEDERAL JURISDICTION.

    (a) Assault Within Maritime and Territorial Jurisdiction of United 
States.--Section 113(a)(3) of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking ``with intent to do bodily harm, and without just cause or 
excuse,''.
    (b) Manslaughter.--Section 1112(b) of title 18, United States Code, 
is amended by--
            (1) striking ``ten years'' and inserting ``20 years''; and
            (2) striking ``six years'' and inserting ``10 years''.
    (c) Offenses Committed Within Indian Country.--Section 1153(a) of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting ``an offense for 
which the maximum statutory term of imprisonment under section 1363 is 
greater than 5 years,'' after ``a felony under chapter 109A,''.
    (d) Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations.--Section 
1961(1)(A) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting ``, 
or would have been so chargeable if the act or threat (other than 
lawful forms of gambling) had not been committed in Indian country (as 
defined in section 1151) or in any other area of exclusive Federal 
jurisdiction,'' after ``chargeable under State law''.
    (e) Carjacking.--Section 2119 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by striking ``, with the intent to cause death or serious 
bodily harm''.
    (f) Clarification of Prohibition on Firearm Transfer to Commit 
Crime of Violence or Drug Trafficking Crime.--Section 924(h) of title 
18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``, or will be possessed in furtherance 
        of,'' after ``commit''; and
            (2) by striking ``10 years'' and inserting ``20 years''.
    (g) Amendment of Special Sentencing Provision.--Section 3582(d) of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``chapter 95 (racketeering) or 96 
        (racketeer influenced and corrupt organizations) of this 
        title'' and inserting ``section 521 (criminal street gangs) or 
        523 (violent crimes in furtherance or in aid of criminal street 
        gangs), in chapter 95 (racketeering) or 96 (racketeer 
        influenced and corrupt organizations),''; and
            (2) by inserting ``a criminal street gang or'' before ``an 
        illegal enterprise''.
    (h) Conforming Amendment Relating to Orders for Restitution.--
Section 3663(c)(4) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
striking ``chapter 46 or chapter 96 of this title'' and inserting 
``section 521, under chapter 46 or 96,''.
    (i) Special Provision for Indian Country.--No person subject to the 
criminal jurisdiction of an Indian tribal government shall be subject 
to section 3559(e) of title 18, United States Code, for any offense for 
which Federal jurisdiction is solely predicated on the fact that the 
offense was committed in Indian country (as defined in section 1151 of 
such title 18) and which occurs within the boundaries of such Indian 
country, unless the governing body of such Indian tribe elects to 
subject the persons under the criminal jurisdiction of the tribe to 
section 3559(e) of such title 18.

SEC. 305. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR USE OF INTERSTATE COMMERCE FACILITIES 
              IN THE COMMISSION OF MURDER-FOR-HIRE AND OTHER FELONY 
              CRIMES OF VIOLENCE.

    (a) In General.--Section 1958 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) by striking the heading and inserting the following:
``Sec. 1958. Use of interstate commerce facilities in the commission of 
              murder-for-hire and other felony crimes of violence'';
            (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``Whoever'' and all that 
        follows through ``conspires to do so'' and inserting the 
        following: ``Any person who travels in or causes another 
        (including the intended victim) to travel in interstate or 
        foreign commerce, or uses or causes another (including the 
        intended victim) to use the mail or any facility in interstate 
        or foreign commerce, with intent that a murder or other felony 
        crime of violence be committed in violation of the laws of any 
        State or the United States as consideration for the receipt of, 
        or as consideration for a promise or agreement to pay, anything 
        of pecuniary value, or who conspires to do so''.
            (3) striking ``ten years'' and inserting ``20 years''; and
            (4) by striking ``twenty years'' and inserting ``30 
        years''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections at 
the beginning of chapter 95 of title 18, United States Code, is amended 
by striking the item relating to section 1958 and inserting the 
following:

``1958. Use of interstate commerce facilities in the Commission at 
                            murder-for-hire and other felony crimes of 
                            violence.''.

SEC. 306. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR VIOLENT CRIMES IN AID OF RACKETEERING 
              ACTIVITY.

    Section 1959(a) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Whoever'' and all that follows through 
        ``punished'' and inserting the following: ``Any person who, as 
        consideration for the receipt of, or as consideration for a 
        promise or agreement to pay, anything of pecuniary value from 
        an enterprise engaged in racketeering activity, or for the 
        purpose of gaining entrance to or maintaining or increasing 
        position in an enterprise engaged in racketeering activity, or 
        in furtherance or in aid of an enterprise engaged in 
        racketeering activity, murders, kidnaps, sexually assaults (as 
        that term is defined in section 521), maims, assaults with a 
        dangerous weapon, commits assault resulting in serious bodily 
        injury upon, or threatens to commit a crime of violence against 
        any individual in violation of the laws of any State or the 
        United States, or attempts or conspires to do so, shall be 
        punished, in addition and consecutive to the punishment 
        provided for any other violation of this chapter''; and
            (2) by striking paragraphs (2) through (6) and inserting 
        the following:
            ``(2) for kidnapping or sexual assault, by imprisonment for 
        any term of years or for life, a fine under this title, or 
        both;
            ``(3) for maiming, by imprisonment for any term of years or 
        for life, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(4) for assault with a dangerous weapon or assault 
        resulting in serious bodily injury, by imprisonment for not 
        more than 30 years, a fine under this title, or both;
            ``(5) for threatening to commit a crime of violence, by 
        imprisonment for not more than 10 years, a fine under this 
        title, or both;
            ``(6) for attempting or conspiring to commit murder, 
        kidnapping, maiming, or sexual assault, by imprisonment for not 
        more than 30 years, a fine under this title, or both; and
            ``(7) for attempting or conspiring to commit assault with a 
        dangerous weapon or assault which would result in serious 
        bodily injury, by imprisonment for not more than 20 years, a 
        fine under this title, or both.''.

SEC. 307. VIOLENT CRIMES COMMITTED DURING AND IN RELATION TO A DRUG 
              TRAFFICKING CRIME.

    (a) In General.--Part D of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 
841 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``violent crimes committed during and in relation to a drug trafficking 
                                 crime

    ``Sec. 424.  (a) In General.--Any person who, during and in 
relation to any drug trafficking crime, murders, kidnaps, sexually 
assaults, maims, assaults with a dangerous weapon, commits assault 
resulting in serious bodily injury upon, commits any other crime of 
violence or threatens to commit a crime of violence against, any 
individual, or attempts or conspires to do so, shall be punished, in 
addition and consecutive to the punishment provided for the drug 
trafficking crime--
            ``(1) in the case of murder, by imprisonment for any term 
        of years or for life, a fine under title 18, United States 
        Code, or both;
            ``(2) in the case of kidnapping or sexual assault by 
        imprisonment for any term of years or for life, a fine under 
        such title 18, or both;
            ``(3) in the case of maiming, by imprisonment for any term 
        of years or for life, a fine under such title 18, or both;
            ``(4) in the case of assault with a dangerous weapon or 
        assault resulting in serious bodily injury, by imprisonment not 
        more than 30 years, a fine under such title 18, or both;
            ``(5) in the case of committing any other crime of 
        violence, by imprisonment for not more than 20 years, a fine 
        under such title 18, or both;
            ``(6) in the case of threatening to commit a crime of 
        violence specified in paragraphs (1) through (4), by 
        imprisonment for not more than 10 years, a fine under such 
        title 18, or both;
            ``(7) in the case of attempting or conspiring to commit 
        murder, kidnapping, maiming, or sexual assault, by imprisonment 
        for not more than 30 years, a fine under such title 18, or 
        both; and
            ``(8) in the case of attempting or conspiring to commit a 
        crime involving assault with a dangerous weapon or assault 
        resulting in serious bodily injury, by imprisonment for not 
        more than 20 years, a fine under such title 18, or both.
    ``(b) Venue.--A prosecution for a violation of this section may be 
brought in--
            ``(1) the judicial district in which the murder or other 
        crime of violence occurred; or
            ``(2) any judicial district in which the drug trafficking 
        crime may be prosecuted.
    ``(c) Definitions.--As used in this section--
            ``(1) the term `crime of violence' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 16 of title 18, United States Code;
            ``(2) the term `drug trafficking crime' has the meaning 
        given that term in section 924(c)(2) of title 18, United States 
        Code; and
            ``(3) the term `sexually assault' has the meaning given 
        that term in section 521 of title 18, United States Code.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Controlled 
Substances Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to 
section 423, the following:

``Sec. 424. Violent crimes committed during and in relation to a drug 
                            trafficking crime.''.

SEC. 308. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS FOR VIOLENT CRIME.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 213 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
``Sec. 3299A. Violent crime offenses
    ``Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, no person shall be 
prosecuted, tried, or punished for any noncapital felony, crime of 
violence (as defined in section 16), including any racketeering 
activity or gang crime which involves any violent crime, unless the 
indictment is found or the information is instituted by the later of--
            ``(1) 10 years after the date on which the alleged 
        violation occurred;
            ``(2) 10 years after the date on which the continuing 
        offense was completed; or
            ``(3) 8 years after the date on which the alleged violation 
        was first discovered.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections at the beginning of 
chapter 213 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at 
the end the following:

``3299A. Violent crime offenses.''.

SEC. 309. PREDICATE CRIMES FOR AUTHORIZATION OF INTERCEPTION OF WIRE, 
              ORAL, AND ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS.

    Section 2516(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (q), by striking ``or'.'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (s) as paragraph (u); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (r) the following:
            ``(s) any violation of section 424 of the Controlled 
        Substances Act (relating to murder and other violent crimes in 
        furtherance of a drug trafficking crime);
            ``(t) any violation of section 521, 522, or 523 (relating 
        to criminal street gangs); or''.

SEC. 310. CLARIFICATION TO HEARSAY EXCEPTION FOR FORFEITURE BY 
              WRONGDOING.

    Rule 804(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Evidence is amended by 
striking ``A statement'' and all that follows and inserting: ``A 
statement offered against a party that has engaged, acquiesced, or 
conspired, in wrongdoing that was intended to, and did, procure the 
unavailability of the declarant as a witness.''.

SEC. 311. CLARIFICATION OF VENUE FOR RETALIATION AGAINST A WITNESS.

    Section 1513 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by--
            (1) redesignating subsection (e) beginning with ``Whoever 
        conspires'' as subsection (f); and
            (2) adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) A prosecution under this section may be brought in the 
district in which the official proceeding (whether or not pending, 
about to be instituted, or completed) was intended to be affected or 
was completed, or in which the conduct constituting the alleged offense 
occurred.''.

SEC. 312. AMENDMENT OF SENTENCING GUIDELINES RELATING TO CERTAIN GANG 
              AND VIOLENT CRIMES.

    (a) Directive to the United States Sentencing Commission.--Pursuant 
to its authority under section 994(p) of title 28, United States Code, 
and in accordance with this section, the United States Sentencing 
Commission shall review and, if appropriate, amend its guidelines and 
its policy statements to conform to the amendments made by this title.
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out this section, the Sentencing 
Commission shall--
            (1) establish new guidelines and policy statements, as 
        warranted, in order to implement new or revised criminal 
        offenses created under this title;
            (2) ensure that the sentencing guidelines and policy 
        statements reflect the serious nature of the offenses and the 
        penalties set forth in this title, the growing incidence of 
        serious gang and violent crimes, and the need to modify the 
        sentencing guidelines and policy statements to deter, prevent, 
        and punish such offenses;
            (3) consider the extent to which the guidelines and policy 
        statements adequately address--
                    (A) whether the guideline offense levels and 
                enhancements for gang and violent crimes--
                            (i) are sufficient to deter and punish such 
                        offenses; and
                            (ii) are adequate in view of the statutory 
                        increases in penalties contained in the 
                        amendments made by this title; and
                    (B) whether any existing or new specific offense 
                characteristics should be added to reflect 
                congressional intent to increase gang and violent crime 
                penalties, punish offenders, and deter gang and violent 
                crime;
            (4) assure reasonable consistency with other relevant 
        directives and with other sentencing guidelines;
            (5) account for any additional aggravating or mitigating 
        circumstances that might justify exceptions to the generally 
        applicable sentencing ranges;
            (6) make any necessary conforming changes to the sentencing 
        guidelines; and
            (7) assure that the guidelines adequately meet the purposes 
        of sentencing under section 3553(a)(2) of title 18, United 
        States Code.

SEC. 313. STUDY ON EXPANDING FEDERAL AUTHORITY FOR JUVENILE OFFENDERS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 9 months after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the 
Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report on 
the costs and benefits associated with expanding Federal authority to 
prosecute offenders under the age of 18 years who are gang members who 
commit criminal offenses.
    (b) Contents.--The report submitted under subsection (a) shall--
            (1) examine the ability of the judicial systems of the 
        States to respond effectively to juveniles who are members of 
        criminal street gangs, as that term is defined in section 521 
        of title 18, United States Code, as amended by this Act;
            (2) examine the extent to which offenders who are 16 and 17 
        years old are members of criminal street gangs, and are accused 
        of committing violent crimes and prosecuted in the adult 
        criminal justice systems of the individual States;
            (3) determine the percentage of crimes committed by members 
        of criminal street gangs that are committed by offenders who 
        are 16 and 17 years old;
            (4) examine the extent to which United States attorneys 
        bring criminal indictments and prosecute offenders under the 
        age of 18 years, and the extent to which United States 
        Attorneys' offices include prosecutors with experience 
        prosecuting juveniles for adult criminal violations;
            (5) examine the extent to which the Bureau of Prisons 
        houses offenders under the age of 18 years, and has the ability 
        and experience to meet the needs of young offenders;
            (6) estimate the cost to the Federal Government of 
        prosecuting and incarcerating members of criminal street gangs 
        who are 16 or 17 years old and are accused of violent crimes; 
        and
            (7) detail any benefits for Federal prosecutions that would 
        be realized by expanding Federal authority to bring charges 
        against members of criminal street gangs who are 16 or 17 years 
        old and are accused of violent crimes.

                     Subtitle B--Firearms Offenses

SEC. 321. EXPANSION OF REBUTTABLE PRESUMPTION AGAINST RELEASE OF 
              PERSONS CHARGED WITH FIREARMS OFFENSES.

    Section 3142 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (e), in the matter following paragraph 
        (3)--
                    (A) by inserting ``an offense under section 
                922(g)(1) where the underlying conviction is a serious 
                drug offense (as that term is defined in section 
                924(e)(2)(A) of this title) for which a period of not 
                more than 10 years has elapsed since the date of the 
                conviction or the release of the person from 
                imprisonment, whichever is later, or is a serious 
                violent felony (as that term is defined in section 
                3559(c)(2)(F) of this title),'' after ``that the person 
                committed''; and
                    (B) by inserting a comma before ``or an offense 
                involving a minor''; and
            (2) in subsection (f)(1)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(F) an offense under section 922(g); or''.

SEC. 322. INCREASED PENALTIES FOR USE OF FIREARM IN CRIME OF VIOLENCE 
              OR DRUG TRAFFICKING CRIME.

    (a) In General.--Section 924(c)(1)(A) of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``shall'' and inserting ``or conspires to 
        use, carry, or possess a firearm during and in relation to any 
        such crime shall, for each instance in which the firearm is so 
        used, carried, or possessed'';
            (2) in clause (i)--
                    (A) by striking ``5 years'' and inserting ``7 
                years''; and
                    (B) by adding ``or'' at the end;
            (3) by striking clause (ii); and
            (4) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (ii).
    (b) Conforming Amendments.--Section 924 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (c)--
                    (A) by striking paragraph (4); and
                    (B) by redesignating paragraph (5) as paragraph 
                (4); and
            (2) by striking subsection (o).

SEC. 323. POSSESSION OF FIREARMS BY DANGEROUS FELONS.

    (a) In General.--Section 924(e)(1) of title 18, United States Code, 
is amended to read as follows:
    ``(e)(1)(A) Whoever violates section 922(g), previously having been 
convicted by any court of a violent felony or a serious drug offense--
                    ``(i) if the person has 1 such prior conviction, 
                and not more than 10 years has elapsed since the date 
                of that prior conviction or the release of the person 
                from imprisonment for that prior conviction, shall be 
                imprisoned not more than 15 years, fined under this 
                title, or both;
                    ``(ii) if the person has 2 such prior convictions, 
                committed on occasions different from one another, of 
                any combination of such crimes and not more than 10 
                years has elapsed since the date of either of the prior 
                convictions or of the release of the person from 
                imprisonment for either of the prior convictions, shall 
                be imprisoned not more than 20 years, fined under this 
                title, or both; or
                    ``(iii) if the person has 3 such prior convictions, 
                committed on occasions different from one another, of 
                any combination of such crimes, shall be imprisoned not 
                less than 15 years and fined under this title.
    ``(B) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the court shall 
not suspend the sentence of, or grant a probationary sentence to, the 
person referred to in subparagraph (A) of this paragraph with respect 
to the conviction under section 922(g).''.
    (b) Amendment to Sentencing Guidelines.--Pursuant to its authority 
under section 994(p) of title 28, United States Code, the United States 
Sentencing Commission shall amend the Federal Sentencing Guidelines to 
provide for an appropriate increase in the offense level for violations 
of section 922(g) of title 18, United States Code, in accordance with 
section 924(e) of such title 18, as amended by subsection (a) of this 
section.
    (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 922(d) of title 18, United 
States Code, is amended in the matter preceding paragraph (1) by 
inserting ``, transfer,'' after ``sell''.

                         Subtitle C--Crime Data

SEC. 331. STANDARDIZATION OF CRIME REPORTING AND INVESTIGATION.

    (a) Expanding Uniform Crime Reporting.--Section 7332(c) of the 
Uniform Federal Crime Reporting Act of 1988 (28 U.S.C. 534 note) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
            ``(4) Juvenile crime.--The Attorney General shall create a 
        separate category in the Uniform Crime Reports to distinguish 
        criminal offenses committed by juveniles.
            ``(5) Reporting by states and local governments.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For each fiscal year beginning 
                after the date of enactment of the Fighting Gangs and 
                Empowering Youth Act of 2007, all departments and 
                agencies within a State or unit of local government 
                which routinely investigate complaints of criminal 
                activity, shall meet the requirements of paragraph (2).
                    ``(B) Ineligibility for funds.--For any fiscal year 
                beginning after the date of enactment of the Fighting 
                Gangs and Empowering Youth Act of 2007, a State or unit 
                of local government that fails to comply with 
                subparagraph (A) shall not be eligible to receive any 
                of the funds that would otherwise be allocated for that 
                fiscal year to the State or unit of local government 
                under subtitle A of title II of such Act.
                    ``(C) Reallocation.--Amounts not allocated to a 
                State or unit of local government under the subtitle 
                referred to in subparagraph (B) for failure to fully 
                comply with subparagraph (A) shall be reallocated under 
                that subtitle to States and units of local government 
                that have not failed to comply with such subparagraph.
                    ``(D) Waiver.--The Attorney General shall waive the 
                requirements of subparagraph (A) if compliance with 
                such subparagraph by a State or unit of local 
                government would be unconstitutional under the 
                constitution of the applicable State.''.
    (b)  National Strategy for Investigation Coordination.--Section 
7332 of the Uniform Federal Crime Reporting Act of 1988 (28 U.S.C. 534 
note) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(h) National Strategy for Investigation Coordination.--
            ``(1) Coordination.--The Attorney General shall develop a 
        national strategy to coordinate, consolidate, and standardize 
        all investigations by Federal law enforcement agencies of 
        crimes that are included in the Uniform Crime Reports.
            ``(2) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2009, the Attorney 
        General shall submit a report to the President and Congress--
                    ``(A) outlining the strategy developed under 
                paragraph (1); and
                    ``(B) describing the efforts and strategy of the 
                Department of Justice in consolidating and 
                standardizing data on all crimes that are included in 
                the Uniform Crime Reports.''.

SEC. 332. CONSOLIDATING AND STANDARDIZING GANG-RELATED CRIME DATA.

    Section 150008 of the Violent Crime Control and law Enforcement Act 
of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 14062) is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``, consolidate, and 
        standardize all'' after ``strategy to coordinate'';
            (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``acquire and collect'' 
        and inserting ``acquire, collect, consolidate, and standardize 
        all'';
            (3) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
    ``(c) Report.--Not later than January 1, 2009, the Attorney General 
shall submit a report to the President and Congress--
            ``(1) outlining the strategy developed under subsection 
        (a); and
            ``(2) describing the efforts and strategy of the Department 
        of Justice in consolidating and standardizing data on national 
        gang offenses.''; and
            (4) in subsection (d), by striking ``$1,000,000 for fiscal 
        year 1996'' and inserting ``$2,000,000 for fiscal year 2008''.
                                 <all>
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