/^ Poplar River 

'333.91 Bilateral 
i|26prar Monitoring 
^,^ Annual report of 
•"' ' the governments ot 
Canactat United 
StateSf 



1987 ANNUAL REPORT 

STATE DOCUMENTS COLLECTION 

to the FEB / 1990 

MONTANA STATE LIBRARY 

1515 E. 6th AVE. 
HELENA, MONTANA 59520 

GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, 
SASKATCHEWAN AND MONTANA 



by the 



POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE 



COVERING CALENDAR YEAR 1987 



PLEASE RETURN 



June, 1988 



Montana State Ubrai 



iiiiiiiiiiiiii 

3 0864 1004 5787 1 



1987 ANNUAL REPORT 



to the 



GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, 



SASKATCHEWAN AND MONTANA 



by the 



POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE 



COVERING CALENDAR YEAR 1987 



June 1988 



POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE 



Department of State 
Washington, D.C., United States 

Governor's Office, State of Montana 
Helena, Montana, United States 



Department of External Affairs 
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 

Saskatchewan Environment and 

Public Safety 
Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada 



Gentlemen: 

During 1987, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee continued to fulfill the 
responsibilities assigned by the governments under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring 
Arrangement dated September 23, 1980. Through the exchange of Diplomatic Notes, on 
March 12, 1987, the Arrangement was extended to March 1991. Water quantity, water quality, 
and air quality relevant to the International Boundary were monitored in accordance to the 
1987 Technical Monitoring Schedule. The monitoring data were exchanged on a quarterly 
basis. Herein is the report of activities of 1987 and the proposed monitoring schedule for 
1988. 

The report summarizes current conditions relative to pre-project conditions and compares 
current conditions to guidelines for specific parameter values that were developed by the 
International Joint Commission under the 1977 Reference from Canada and the United 
States. References are made to State, Provincial or Federal standards or objectives where 
these are relevant. After examination and evaluation of the monitoring information for 1987, 
the Committee finds that the measured conditions are within the norms of the accepted 
objectives. 

During 1987, monitoring continued with only minor changes in site locations and schedules 
from 1986. In September 1987 following the environmental assessment of two new mining 
areas to the east and north of Cookson Reservoir, Ministerial Approval was issued under the 
Saskatchewan Environmental Assessment Act. Construction of the infrastructure is planned 
for 1988 with active mining in the South Block commencing in 1989. 

Yours sincerely, 



J./R. Knapton / 



J./R. Knapton 

Chairman, United States Section 




R. A. Halliday 

Chairman, Canadian Section 




R. E. u^^ar 

Member, United States Section 



D. A. Fast 

Member, Canadian Section 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL i 

TABLE OF CONTENTS ii 

1987 HIGHLIGHTS V 

INTRODUCTION 1 

POPLAR RIVER POWER STATION 4 

Operations 4 

Construction 5 

Mining 5 

SURFACE WATER QUANTITY 7 

Streamf low 7 

Quality Control 8 

Reservoir Storage 9 

Apportionment 9 

Minimum Flows 9 

On-Demand Release 11 

SURFACE WATER QUALITY 12 

East Poplar River 12 

Total Dissolved Solids 13 

Boron 15 

Other Water Quality Variables 17 

Girard Creek and Cookson Reservoir 17 

Quality Control 20 

GROUND WATER QUANTITY 21 

Saskatchewan 21 

Coal Mine Dewatering 21 

Water Levels 22 

Montana 22 

GROUND WATER QUALITY 25 

Saskatchewan 25 

Water Quality in the Tills 25 

Water Quality in the Empress Gravels 27 

Montana 29 

ASH LAGOON QUALITY AND QUANTITY 34 

AIR QUALITY 37 

Saskatchewan 37 

Montana 41 



TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 

Page 

Table 1 - 1987 Operating Statistics for Generating Units 

No . 1 and No . 2 * 

2 - Simultaneous Streamflow Measurement Results 8 

3 - Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 1987 9 

4 - Recommended Water Quality Objectives and Excursions, 

1987 Sampling Program, East Poplar River at the 
International Boundary 18 

5 - 1987 Monthly Pvimpages from Mine Dewatering 

Activities 21 

6 - Chemical Data from GWQQC Observation Wells 31, 32, 33 

7 - SPC-PRPSS Ash System, 1987 Calculated Seepage Rates . . 34 

8 - Sulphur Dioxide in Ambient Air, Montana 42 

9 - Sulfation Rate - Milligrams Sulphur Trioxide per 

100 Square Centimetres per day 43 

Figure 1 - Poplar River Mine — Location Map 6 

2 - Discharge during 1987 Compared with Median 

Discharge for 1951-80 for the Poplar River at 
International Boundary 7 

3 - Hydrograph of Water Discharge of the East Poplar 

River at the International Boundary and 

Recommended Minimum Flow 10 

4 - 1987 TDS Grab Sample Data, East Poplar River at 

International Boundary 13 

5 - TDS Three-Month Moving Flow-Weighted Concentration 

East Poplar River at International Boundary 14 

6 - TDS Five-Year Moving Flow-Weighted Concentration 

East Poplar River at International Boundary 14 



- Ill - 



TABLES OF CONTENTS (Continued) 

Page 



Figure 7 - 1987 Boron Grab Sample Data East Poplar River 

at International Boundary 15 

8 - Boron Three-Month Moving Flow-Weighted 

Concentration East Poplar River at 

International Boundary 16 

9 - Boron Five-Year Moving Flow-Weighted 

Concentration East Poplar River at 

International Boundary 16 

10 - Variation in TDS Concentrations with 

Reservoir Volume 19 

11 - Cone of Depression in the Hart Coal Seam 

from Dewatering Activities as of December, 

1987 23 

12 - Water Levels of Selected Wells in the United 

States 24 

13 - Total Dissolved Solids Concentrations in Poplar 

River Monitoring Piezometers 2.8 

14 - Saskatchewan Maximum Hourly SO2 Air 

Quality Data Coronach Water Treatment 

Plant 1983 - 1987 38 

15 - Saskatchewan Maximum Daily SO2 Air 

Quality Data Coronach Water Treatment 

Plant, 1983 - 1987 38 



1987 HIGHLIGHTS 



In 1987 the Poplar River Power Station operated for the fourth full 
year. The two 300 megawatt coal-fired units generated 4 364 500 
gross megawatt hours of electricity, up 10 percent from 1986. 
Because the number of plant startups increased, the consumption of 
oil decreased 362 tonnes or 18 percent from 1986. 

Monitoring information collected in both Canada and the United 
States was exchanged on a quarterly basis. In general the sampling 
locations, frequency of collection, and parameters met the 
requirements identified in the 1987 Technical Monitoring Schedules 
set forth in the 1986 annual report. An exception was continuous 
air quality monitoring in Saskatchewan at the Coronach monitoring 
station where there was an interruption from the beginning of the 
year until March 10 because of relocation to approximately one 
kilometre east of the previous location. 

The United States received a continuous flow in the East Poplar 
River throughout the year. All aspects of the International Joint 
Commission's apportionment recommendations were met. 

The concentrations of boron and total dissolved solids on the East 
Poplar River were below the long-term and short-term objectives 
recommended to Government by the International Joint Commission. 
There were no excursions of other water quality objectives 
recommended by the International Poplar River Water Quality Board 
to the International Joint Commission. Continued efforts at 
quality control showed improved water quality data comparability 
between Canadian and United States laboratories. 



The outer limit of the cone depression from coal seam dewatering 
remained about the same distance north of the International 
Boundary and total pumpage increased 10 percent. 

The total estimate of seepage from the ash lagoons and polishing 
ponds was 0.75 litre per second, well below the seepage limits 
proposed by the International Poplar River Water Quality Board. 
The leachate front was calculated to have advanced 8.31 metres 
towards Cookson Reservoir since the ponds were first filled. 

Plant stack emissions did not cause or contribute to violation of 
Montana, United States or Saskatchewan ambient air quality 
standards . 



INTRODUCTIOH 



The Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee was authorized for 
an initial period of 5 years by the Governments of Canada and the 
United States under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring 
Arrangement dated September 23 , 1980 . A copy of the Arrangement is 
attached to this report as Annex 1. On March 12, 1987 the 
Arrangement was extended by the Governments for 4 years to 
March 1991. 

The Committee is composed of representatives of the Government of 
the United States of America, State of Montana, Government of 
Canada and Province of Saskatchewan. In addition to the 
representatives of Governments, two ex-officio members who are 
local representatives of the State of Montana and Province of 
Saskatchewan participate in the activities of the Committee. 
During 1987, the members and ex-officio members of the Committee 
were: 



Mr. J. R. Knapton 
U.S. Geological Survey 
Chairman, United States Section 

Mr. R.E. Driear 

Governor's Office 

Member, United States Section 



Mr. C.W. Tande 

Daniels County Commissioner 

Ex-Officio Member, Montana 



R.A. Halliday 
Environment Canada 
Chairman, Canadian Section 

Mr. D.A. Fast 

Saskatchewan Environment and 

Public Safety 
Member, Canadian Section 

Mr. J.R. Totton 

Reeve, R.M. of Hart Butte 

Ex-officio Member, Saskatchewan 



- 2 - 



The monitoring programs are in response to potential impacts of a 
transboundary nature resulting from Sask Power's coal-fired thermal 
generating station and ancillary operations near Coronach, 
Saskatchewan. Monitoring is conducted in Canada and the 
United States at or near the International Boundary for quantity 
and quality of both surface water and ground water and for air 
quality. Participants from both countries, including Federal, 
Provincial, and State agencies, are involved in monitoring. 

A responsibility of the Committee includes an ongoing quarterly 
exchange of data acquired through the monitoring programs. The 
exchange of monitoring information was initiated with the first 
quarter of 1981, and is an expansion of the informal quarterly 
information exchange program initiated between Canada and the 
United States in 1976. Special reports dealing with aspects of 
monitoring and monitoring results requested by the Committee are 
sometimes published. Any such reports are reviewed annually by the 
Committee. Reports reviewed by the Committee during 1987 are 
identified in Annex 3 . Exchanged data and reports are available 
for public viewing at the agencies of the participating governments 
or from Committee members. 

The Committee also is responsible for an amnual report to 
governments which summarizes the monitoring results, evaluates 
apparent trends, and compares the data to objectives or standards 
recommended by the International Joint Commission (IJC) to 
Governments, or relevant State, Provincial, or Federal standards. 
The committee reports to Governments on a calendar year basis, with 
the report for 1987 being the seventh report in the series. The 
Committee is also responsible for drawing to the attention of 
Governments definitive changes in monitored parameters which may 
require immediate attention. 



- 3 - 



Another responsibility of the committee is to review the adequacy 
of the monitoring programs in both countries and make 
recommendations to Governments on the Technical Monitoring 
Schedules. The Schedules are updated annually for new and 
discontinued programs and for modifications in sampling 
frequencies, parameter lists, and analytical techniques of ongoing 
programs. The Technical Monitoring Schedules listed in the annual 
report (Annex 2) are given for the forthcoming year. The Committee 
will continue to review and propose changes to the Technical 
Monitoring Schedules as information requirements change. 



- 4 - 



POPLAR RIVER POWER STATIOM 



Operations 

The 1987 operating statistics for the two units at Poplar River are 
shown in Table 1. Unit No. 1 operated at 92.9 percent capacity for 
the year which was the highest since the unit was commissioned. An 
extensive overhaul during the second quarter of 1987 accounts for 
the lower capacity factor of Unit Ho. 2. 

Table 1. 1987 Operating Statistics for Generating Units Ho. 1 and 
Mo. 2. 



Unit 1 Unit 2 

Hours of Operation 8143 6415 

Gross HWH Generated 2 425 600 1 938 900 

Availability (Hours) (percent) 95.3 78.6 

Capacity Factor (percent) 92.9 75.3 

Number of Start-ups 8 11 

Coal Consumed (tonnes) 2 014 742 1 610 384 

Oil Consumed (tonnes) 979 1 380 

Hours in Period 8 760 8 760 



The average sulphur content of the coal was 0.60 percent. Analyses 
were conducted by the Poplar River Power Station laboratory. 
Analyses of the monthly duplicate coal samples by an independent 
laboratory according to ASTM procedure D3167 indicated, on average, 
a 0.12 percent lower value. The sulphur content of the fuel oil 
was 0.08 percent. 



- 5 - 



There were no reportable spills during 1987. 

Ash Lagoon No. 3 North was put into service for the first time in 
the third quarter of 1987 . Although this lagoon " saw limited 
service in 1987, the lagoon is expected to be used regularly in 
1988. 

The Poplar River Power Station continued to surcharge ash in Ash 
Lagoon No. 1 during 1987. A revegetation project was initiated in 
1987. The goal of the project is to select suitable vegetation to 
be used to cover exposed ash surfaces after surcharging is 
completed. 

Construction 



There was no construction activity in 1987 , 



Mining 



Coal mining continued to the west of Girard Creek and will move in 
a northwesterly direction until 1989 or later. Prairie Coal 
Limited (PCL) conducted an environmental assessment of two new 
mining areas to the east and north of Cookson Reservoir 
(Figure 1). Ministerial Approval under The Environmental 
Assessment Act was issued in September of 1987 . PCL plans to begin 
construction of the infrastructure in 1988 and expects to begin 
mining in the South Block in 1989. 



- 6 - 




o 



- 7 - 



SURFACE WATER QUANTITY 



Streamf low 

Streamflow in the Poplar River basin was below normal during 1987, 

assximing the recorded flow of the Poplar River at the International 

Boundary is a good indicator of basin runoff conditions. The March 

to October recorded flow volvune at the gauge was 4 350 cubic 

3 
decametres (dam ), or 27 percent of the long-term average. A 

comparison of the flows of 1987 with those of the 1951-80 median 

flow is shown in Figure 2. 



MEDIAN OF MONTHLY MEAN DISCHARGE FOR 1951-80 I 
MONTHLY MEAN DISCHARGE FOR 1987 




0.1 r 



0.001 
MAR 



APR 



MAY 



JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT 



Figure 2 — Discharge during 1987 Compared with Median Discharge for 
1951-80 for the Poplar River at International Boundary 



The recorded flow volume of the East Poplar River at the 

3 

International Boundary for 1987 was 3 700 dam , or 31 percent of 

the mean annual flow since the completion of Morrison Dam in 1975. 



- 8 - 



Quality Control 



Two sets of simultaneous streamflow measurements were made on the 
East Poplar River at the International Boundary on April 22, 1987, 
by personnel of the Water Survey of Canada, Environment Canada, and 
The U.S. Geological Survey. All measurement results were within 
expected differences for the given measuring conditions. The 
results are shown in Table 2. 



Table 2. Simultaneous Streamflow Measurement Results 



Cross Width Area Mean Velocity Gauge Height Discharge 



Agency Section 



m/s 



m"^/s 



WSC 


A 


7.80 


0.94 


0.684 


1.774 


0.643 


uses 


A 


7.62 


0.85 


0.736 


1.774 


0.626 


WSC 


B 


4.60 


2.13 


0.277 


1.774 


0.589 


uses 


B 


4.27 


2.05 


0.282 


1.774 


0.578 


Notes 














1. 


Sect 


ion A is the 


usual measuri 


ng section; 


Section B is 



15 m downstream. 

Measurements at Section A were made with a Pygmy meter 
and those at Section B with a Price Pattern Type AA 
meter. 



3. 



Original work was done in English units and converted to 
metric. 



- 9 - 



Reservoir Storase 

Cookson Reservoir was near the full-supply level throughout the 

3 
first half of the year, but contents decreased to 34 700 dam by 

December 31, because of below normal precipitation for the year. 

Elevations and contents for selected dates are given in Table 3. 

Table 3. Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 1987 



Elevation Contents 

Date (1987) (metres) (cubic decametres) 

January 1 752.446 39 200 

April 8 (maximum) 752.814 42 000 

December 31 751.827 34 700 



Full-Supply Level 753.000 43 400 



Apportionment 

In 1976 the International Souris-Red Rivers Engineering Board, 
through its Poplar River Task Force, completed an investigation and 
made a recommendation to the Governments of Canada and the 
United States regarding an apportionment of waters of the Poplar 
River basin. Although not officially adopted by the two countries, 
the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee has ascribed to the 
Apportionment Recommendations in each of its annual reports. 
Annex 4 contains the Apportionment Recommendation. 



Minimum Flows 



The recorded runoff volume of the Poplar River at the International 

3 

Boundary from March 1 to May 31, 1987 was 3 960 dam . For the 

purposes of interpreting the apportionment recommendations of the 
IJC, the recorded flow is assumed to be the natural flow. Based on 



- 10 - 



these recommendations, this volume entitled the United States to a 

3 
minimum discharge of 0.028 cubic metre per second (ra /s) from 

June 1, 1987, to May 31, 1988, on the East Poplar at the 

3 
International Boundary. The minimum flow of 0.057 m /s for the 

first 5 months of 1987 had previously been determined on the basis 

of the March 1 to May 31, 1986 Poplar River flow volume. 



A hydrograph of flow in the East Poplar River at the International 
Boundary and the minimum flow as recommended by the IJC is shown in 
Figure 3. 




0.057 m3/* 



0.028 mV* 



Apportionment recommendation for minimum flow' 



0.01 



JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC 

1987 



Figure 3. — Hydrograph of Water Discharge of the East Poplar River at 
the International Boundary and Recommended Minimum Flow. 



- 11 - 



On-Demand Release 



Based on the apportionment recommendations of the IJC, the United 

3 
States is entitled to an on-demand volmtie of 370 dam at any time 

from June 1, 1987 to May 31, 1988, As of December 31, 1987 Montana 

had not requested this release. The on-demand volume entitlement 

3 
for 1986 of 1 230 dam was requested on March 30, 1987, to be 

3 
delivered April 16 to May 31. A volume of 1 570 dam was 

delivered during this period. 



- 12 - 
SURFACE WATER QUALITY 
East Poplar River 
The 1981 report by the IJC to Governments recommended: 



For the March to October period, the maximum 
flow-weighted concentrations should not exceed 
3.5 mg/L for boron and 1500 mg/L for total 
dissolved solids for any three consecutive months 
in the East Poplar River at the International 
Boundary . 

For the March to October period, the long-term 
average of flow-weighted concentrations should be 
2.5 rag/L or less for boron, and 1000 mg/L or less 
for total dissolved solids in the East Poplar 
River at the International Boundary. 



For the period prior to 1982, three-month moving flow-weighted 
concentrations for boron and total dissolved solids (TDS) have been 
calculated solely from monthly monitoring results. Since the 
beginning of 1982, the USGS has monitored specific conductance 
daily in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary, 
allowing estimates of daily boron and TDS concentration to be 
derived from regression relationships with specific conductance. 
Thus, three-month flow-weighted concentrations for the period 1982 
to 1987 have been calculated from both the results of monthly 
monitoring and the daily concentration estimates. 

The Bilateral Monitoring Committee has adopted the approach that 
for the purposes of comparison with the proposed IJC long-term 
objectives, the boron and TDS data are best graphically plotted as 
five-year flow-weighted moving averages which are advanced one 
month at a time. Each point represents the flow-weighted 
concentration for the previous five-year period. The methods used 



- 13 - 

for computing flow-weighted concentration have been documented in 
"Evaluation of Transboundary TDS and Boron Water Quality Objectives 
for the East Poplar River" (Environment Canada, April 1988). It 
should be emphasized that the calculations have been based on the 
results of all samples collected, and not restricted to samples 
collected during March to October. 



Total Dissolved Solids 

Analyzed TDS concentrations during 1987 ranged from 837 mg/L 
(May 5) to 970 mg/L (September 15). 1987 TDS results are presented 
in Figure 4. 



• • 



• : 



Figure 4 . 



1987 TDS Grab Sample Data, East Poplar River at 
International Boundary 



The proposed short-term objective for TDS is 1 500 mg/L. Time 
plots of three-month moving flow-weighted TDS concentration based 
on grab sample data and regression computed data are presented in 
Figure 5. The relationship (database to 1987 inclusive) is: 



- 14 - 

TDS = (0.638 X specific conductance) + 12.396 
(r2=0,87, n=322) 

No excursions of the short-tetm TDS objective have been observed to 
date using either dataset. 




Short-Term ODjsctlve (1300 nig/U 



ts7a lOTa 1077 lara 



laao laat 



from aampla analyses 

+ from ragraaalon 

Figure 5. TDS Three-Month Moving Flow-Weighted Concentration 
East Poplar River at International Boundary 

Five-year flow-weighted TDS concentrations (Figure 6) remained well 

below the proposed long-term objective of 1 000 mg/L. April 1982 

3 
was a period of extremely high discharge (approaching 90 m /s) 

and low TDS (350 rag/L) . As a result of this high discharge period, 

the flow-weighted TDS concentration was decreased approximately 

150 mg/L for five years after the event. 



Long-Term Objective (1000 mg/U 




ia7a t*77 iwn iwn 



Figure 6 . TDS Five-Year Moving Flow-Weighted Concentration 
East Poplar River at International Boundary 



- 15 - 



Boron 



During 1987, boron concentrations in the East Poplar River at the 
International Boundary varied from 1.4 mg/L (May 19) to 2.2 mg/L 
(August 5) (Figure 7). 






• • • 






Figure 7. 1987 Boron Grab Sample Data, East Poplar River at 
International Boundary 



Three-month flow-weighted boron concentrations using grab sample 

and regression computed data for the period of record are shown in 

Figure 8. The relationship between boron and specific conductance 

at the East Poplar River sampling location during the period 

1975-1987 is described by the equation: 

Boron = (0.00146 X specific conductance) - 0.277 
r2=0.73, n=322) 

The short-term objective of 3.5 mg/L boron has not been exceeded in 
the period 1975-1987. The effect of flow is evident in low boron 
concentrations occurring during the high spring flow events of 
1976, 1979, 1982, 1983 and 1986. A trend in boron concentrations 
is not discernible in the historical data base. 



The five-year flow-weighted concentrations are presented in 
Figure 9 . The five-year flow weighted concentrations remain well 



- 16 - 

below the proposed long-term objective of 2.5 mg/L boron. As was 
the case with TDS, the five-year calculations for boron were 
significantly influenced by samples collected during a high 
discharge period in April 1982 (boron concentrations were 
approximately 0.7 mg/L during that time). 



Short-Term Objective (3.S mg/U 




from sample analysea 
from regression 



Figure 8. Boron Three-Month Moving Flow-Weighted Concentration 
Bast Poplar River at International Boundary 



Long-Term OtJlectlve (2.3 mg/L) 



H , 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 1 1 , 1 : 1 



laTe laTa 



tmrr iwn ia7« 



taat !■•■ la 



Figure 9 . Boron Five-Year Moving Flow-Weighted Concentration 
East Poplar River at International Boundary 



- 17 - 

Other Water Quality Variables 

Table 4 contains the multi-purpose water quality objectives for the 
East Poplar River at the International Boundary, recommended by the 
International Poplar River Water Quality Board to the IJC. No 
excursions of the multi-purpose objectives occurred in 1987. 

Environment Canada monitored the East Poplar River for phenoxy-acid 
herbicides and organochlorine compounds during 1987 . Trace 
concentrations of the phenoxy-acid herebicide, MCPA (in two of 
twelve samples) and the organochlorine compound, alpha-BHC (in six 
of twelve samples) were recorded. Traces of these compounds are 
common in prairie waters, and the concentrations measured are not 
considered a hazard. All other organic compounds monitored were 
less than analytical detection. 

Girard Creek and Cookson Reservoir 

Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety reported quarterly on 
the water quality at four locations in the Poplar River Basin 
during 1987. Sites included Girard Creek south of Coronach, 
Cookson Reservoir at Highway 36 , Cookson Reservoir near Morrison 
Dam, and East Poplar River immediately below Morrison Dam. 
Sampling at these sites was carried out in February, May, August 
and November. 

A review of the data from these locations showed concentrations of 
all water quality variables to be within the recommended water 
quality objectives for the East Poplar River (Table 4). 



From 1983 to 1985, the average runoff to Cookson Reservoir was 

6 3 
4.9 X 10 m , about one-third of the long-term average. The 

low runoffs resulted in a concentrating trend for several analytes. 



18 - 



Table 4. Recommended Water Quality Objectives and Excursions, 1987 
Sampling Program, East Poplar River at the International 
Boundary (units in mg/L except as otherwise noted) 



Parameter 



Objective 



No. of Samples 
USA Canada Excursions 



Objectives recommended by IJC to Governments: 



Boron-total 

Total Dissolved Solids 



3.5, 


2.5 (1) 


14 


14 


nil 


500, 


1000 (1) 


14 


14 


nil 



Objectives recommended by Board to IJC 



Aluminum-dissolved 




0.1 


5 


14 


nil 


Ammonia un-ionized 


(as- ») 


0.2 


14 


14 


nil 


Cadmium- total 




0,0012 


1 


14 


nil 


Chromium- total 




0.05 


4 


14 


nil 


Copper-dissolved 




0.005 


2 


— 


nil 


Copper-total 




1.0 


4 


14 


nil 


Fluoride-dissolved 




1.5 


14 


13 


nil 


Lead-total 




0.03 


4 


14 


nil 


Mercury-dissolved 




0.0002 


— 


— 


nil 


Mercury-whole fish 


(mg/kg) 


0.5 


— 


— 





nitrate (as N) 




10. 


14 


14 


nil 


Oxygen-dissolved 




4.0,5.0 (2) 


14 


11 


nil 


S.A.R. 




10. 


14 


13 


nil 


Sulphate-dissolved 




800. 


14 


13 


nil 


Zinc-total 




0.03 


4 


14 


nil 


Water temperature 


.deg C) 


30. (3) 


14 


12 


nil 


pH (pH units) 




6.5 (4) 


14 


13 


nil 


Coliform 












-fecal (no./lOO ml) 


2 000. 


— 


7 


nil 


-total (no./lOO ml) 


20 000. 


— 


11 


nil 



Five-year average of flow-weighted concentrations (March to October) 
should be <2.5 mg/L boron and <1 000 mg/L TDS. Three-month average of' 
flow-weighted concentration should be <3.5 mg/L boron and <1 500 mg/LJ 
TDS. 

5.0 mg/L (minimum (April 10 to May 15), 4.0 mg/L (minimum remainder ofj 
year) . 

Natural temperature (April 10 to May 15), <30 degrees Celsius (remainder! 
of year) . 



Less than 0.5 pH units above natural, minimum pH a 6.5, 



- 19 - 



The 
6 



1986 spring runoff was about normal in volume (13.5 x 
3. 



10" m~) which resulted in approximately one-quarter to 
one-third of the reservoir volume being turned over. This had a 
diluting effect on the reservoir and consequently improved its 
water quality. 



The 1987 spring runoff was only 20 percent of normal and had little 
influence in improving reservoir water quality. Full supply volvime 
was not reached during 1987. During the remainder of 1987 the 
water level continued to decrease and by the end of 1987 the water 
volume was down 20 percent from full supply volume, the lowest 
volume since 1982. As expected, there was a modest increasing 
trend for several analytes (TDS, sulphate, and conductivity). 
Figure 10 illustrates how the total dissolved solids concentration 
changes inversely with reservoir volume. If the histbrical trend 
continues and there is no significant runoff in 1988, the water 
quality of the reservoir will be lower during 1988. 



COOKSON RESERVOIR - POPLAR RIVER POWER STATION 
Water Volume and T.O.S. (mg/L) 



^.S.L. /^o/umej 




' I I I I I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I ) I 1 1 1 1 1 1 II I I I I I I I < I I 1 1 I I I I I I I 



Jon 1982 Jon 1983 Jon 1984 Jan 1985 

YEARS 



Jon 1986 



Jon 1987 



Figure 10. Variation in TDS Concentrations with Reservoir Volume 



- 20 - 

Quality Control 

Quality control sampling was carried out at the East Poplar River 
at the International Boundary on October 7, 1987. Participating 
agencies included the United States Geological Survey, Environment 
Canada, Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety, and SaskPower. 
Sets of triplicate samples were split from USGS sampling chums and 
submitted to the respective agency laboratories for analyses. 

The majority of parameters showed good reproducibility between 
laboratories. The results for a number of trace metals were more 
variable, with order of magnitude differences existing between 
agencies. The differences relate to the respective techniques used 
by various laboratories, and to poorer method reproducibility at 
concentrations near the detection limit. 



- 21 - 



GROUNDWATER QUANTITY 



Saskatchewan 

Coal Mine Dewa taring 

3 
Due to coal mine dewatering activities, a total of 5 532 dam 

(4 485 acre-feet) of groundwater was discharged during 1987. This 

amounts to 10 percent more pumpage than in the previous year. A 

summary of the monthly pumpages from all the coal dewatering wells 

is shown in Table 5 . 



Table 5. 1987 Monthly PtJinpages from Mine Dewatering Activities 



Month 



Total (dam3) 



Pumpages 



Rate (L/s) 



January 

February 

March 

April 

May 

June 

July 

August 

September 

October 

November 

December 



Total 



322 120 

519 194 

592 221 

572 221 

467 174 

469 181 

574 215 

538 201 

463 179 

338 126 

344 133 

334 125 

5 532 dam3 (4 485 acre-feet) 



The ground water was discharged at 16 locations during 1987. 
Fourteen discharge points were to Girard Creek, one directly to 
Cookson Reservoir, and one was into a tributary of Goose Creek. No 
water from the latter reached the mainstera channel of Goose Creek. 



- 22 - 

Water Levels 

Two piezometric pressure maps, dated June and December, 1987, were 
prepared by Prairie Coal Ltd. Figure 11 was compiled from the 
December map and shows the cone of depression formed by the 
pressure contours in the Hart Coal Seam. The southern extent of 
the cone of depression at the end of 1987 is unchanged from its 
position in the previous year. The position of the one metre 
contour therefore remains at 1.8 kilometres north of the 
International Boundary. 

Montana 



Locations of the Montana monitoring wells are shown in the 
Technical Monitoring Schedule. During 1987 quarterly water levels 
were obtained from 21 wells located in Montana. Hydrographs for 
wells 5, 7, and 9, which are completed in alluvium. Hart Coal, and 
Fort Union ( Ravens c rag ) , respectively, are presented in Figure 12. 
The water levels fluctuate within one foot of their average. The 
minor fluctuations are mainly attributed to regional climatic 
conditions rather than to any impact resulting from the mining of 
coal for the Poplar Power Plant. Although some minor fluctuation 
has occurred, a trend in water levels has not been established. 



- 23 - 


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W3M MONTANA W3M 


Figure 11. Cone of Depression in the Hart Coal Seam from Dewatering 


Activities as of December, 1987. 



























- 24 - 



HYDROGRAPH 

WELL 7 





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WELLS 5 and 9 




Figure 12. Water Levels of Selected Wells in the United States. 



- 25 - 



GROUND WATER QUALITY 



Saskatchewan 



Ground water sampling continued in 1987 at the locations specified 
in the Technical Monitoring Schedule. 



Water Quality in the Tills 

The quality of ground waters from the tills is expressed in 
Figure 13 as temporal plots of total dissolved solids (TDS) for 
each piezometer for the period of record. Higher and more variable 
TDS concentrations are associated with the tills, compared to the 
Empress Gravels. This is due principally to the presence of 
soluble minerals such as gypsum and calcite in the till matrix and 
on fracture surfaces. 

At location 2a, on the north edge of Ash Lagoon No. 2, no 
significant trends have been observed in parameters analyzed from 
piezometer C712B of the oxidized till. 

At locations 2b (piezometer C718) and 2c (piezometer C719) near the 
north end of the Polishing Lagoon, there have been no consistent 
water quality trends over the period of record. Although these two 
sites are close together, there are large differences in the 
quality of water from C718 (mottled till) and C719 (oxidized 
till) . The presence of gypsum, distributed unevenly throughout the 
till, is indicated by the much higher sulphate concentrations in 
C719 (3 260 mg/L, July 1987) compared to C718 (198 mg/L, July 1987). 



- 26 - 

At location 8a, west of Ash Lagoon No. 1, piezometers C726A and 
C726C display very consistent differences in water quality. In 
C726A there appears to have been an overall trend to lower 
dissolved alvuninum and sulphate levels since 1984. Aluminum fell 
from 14.8 mg/L in 1981 to the detection limit of 0.01 mg/L in 
1987. In March, 1983 a sulphate value of 396 rag/L was recorded in 
C726A. The sulphate concentration for July, 1987 is 162 mg/L, and 
readings in the interval show a fairly consistent decrease over 
time. There are no other visible trends in water quality from 
either piezometer. 

Piezometers C728B and C728C, on the west edge of the Polishing 
Lagoon show no consistent water quality trends over the period of 
record. 

Piezometer C534 is located to the south of the ash lagoons. The 
total dissolved solids concentration has remained fairly constant 
at around 4 500 mg/L. The 1987 data indicate the continuance of a 
general trend to lower dissolved aluminum values over the period 
1984 to 1987 (from 0.43 ug/L in 1984, to less than detection in 
1987). No trends are seen in the other species monitored. 



- 27 - 

Water Quality in the Empress Gravels 

Figure 13 shows that there are no significant trends in total 
dissolved solids in the Empress Gravels. Piezometer C726E, located 
at the west side of Ash Lagoon No. 1, displays a greater 
variability in TDS concentration than the other Empress 
piezometers , possibly due to variable recharge from the overlying 
tills under certain conditions. 

Ground water quality characteristics of the Empress gravels, 
located to the north Ash Lagoon No. 2 (C726) are generally similar 
to C728E, west of the Polishing Lagoon. Boron remains consistently 
higher in C728E (1.2 mg/L) than in C726E (0.7 mg/L) . At location 
C533, south of Ash Lagoon No. 1, there are no trends evident in any 
of the water quality parameters monitored. 

In C741, to the southwest of Morrison Dam, dissolved aluminum has 
decreased from more than 1 mg/L in 1981 to the detection limit 
(0.01 mg/L) in 1987. In C742, one kilometre south, it has 
decreased from 0.46 over the same time period. In C742 Boron has 
decreased from 0.99 mg/L in 1983 to 0.56 mg/L in July, 1987. 

The trends in the concentration of aluminum and other species over 
time are not observed over short intervals because fluctuations in 
concentrations occur from year to year that may mask the long-term 
trends . 



- 28 - 



Groun4 Wotan from Empr«a» Osv«l« 



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Ground Wetara frvm T1U 



1 Av""-^ 




Crewn4 Wotar* from Till 




Om-M Joit-a7 



Figure 13. Total Dissolved Solids Concentrations in Poplar River 
Monitoring Piezometers. 



- 29 - 



Montana 



Seventeen samples were collected in Montana south of the 
international boundary during August, 1987, for purposes of 
characterizing ground water levels and quality. The samples do not 
show any major changes from prior years. 

The data for this year's samples are included with previous years 
data in Table 6 . The sample from GWQQC Well 14 is not included 
because the polyphosphate solution, used to develop the well after 
1986 sampling, had not been adequately purged from the well. In 
almost all cases for all constituents, the current year's data fall 
within the range established by prior values. Some exceptions 
occur with the newer wells which only have two or three analyses, 
however, the most striking aspect of the data is their similarity 
to the results from prior years. One does not see any indications 
of a systematic change with one possible exception. The exception 
is mercury, which is discussed below. 

Mercury data for most of the older wells show the highest values in 
the years 1981 and 1986, while the 1987 data have no concentration 
above the detection limit of 40 parts per trillion. If next year's 
samples show the same low values (verified by referee laboratory 
results on two or three of the statistically high valued wells), it 
is recommended that the low sulphate wells completed in the coal 
seam have the mercury determinations discontinued, and that the 
other wells be reviewed two years later to evaluate the 
continuation of mercury analyses. 

There is a sound theoretical reason for not expecting to have 
detectable mercury in the water from the deeper coal horizons. 
These waters are typically reduced from their contact with organic 
matter and much of their sulphate has been reduced to sulphide. 
Inorgamic mercury is exceptionally insoluble in the presence of 



- 30 - 

sulphide and unless a very stable organic form is present, mercury 
should not be detectable in these waters. The analytical data 
collected to date do not suggest that significant quantities of 
mercury of either an organic or inorganic origin are present. 



- 31 - 









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- 34 - 



ASH LAGOON QUALITY AND QUANTIiy 



The ash lagoon system at the Poplar River Power Station continues 
to be operated on a closed system basis with no discharges to 
surface waters. During 1987, most of the sluiced ash was directed 
to the north end of Ash Lagoon No. 1, The normal operation has 
been the use of Ash Lagoon No. 1, Ash Lagoon No. 2 and the 
Polishing Lagoon in series operation. Water from the Polishing 
Lagoon is returned to the plant for ash sluicing. During 1987, 
maximum and minimum water depths in Ash Lagoon No . 1 and 2 and the 
Polishing Lagoon ranged between 6.2 and 5.2, 5.6 and 4.4, and 5.2 
and 4.2 m, respectively. 

Ash Lagoon No. 3 North was put into service for approximately three 
weeks during September, 1987. The maximum water depth in Ash 
Lagoon No. 3 North was 1.8 m during 1987. 

Seepage calculations were made in 1987 using the methods developed 
by T.A. Priekett, P.E., of Urbana, Illinois. Results of the 
calculations for Ash Lagoons No. 1, 2 and 3 and the Polishing 
Lagoon are shown in Table 7. In 1987, seepage calculations were 
included for Ash Lagoon No. 3 for the first time. 

Table 7 . SPC-PRPSS Ash System, 1987 Calculated Seepage Rates 



Source Rate (L/s) 

Polishing Lagoon 0.278 

Ash Lagoon No. 1 0.172 

Ash Lagoon No. 2 0.299 

Ash Lagoon No. 3 0.002 

Total Seepage 0.751 



- 35 - 

The 1987 calculated seepage was approximately the same as that 
calculated for 1986 . The calculated total seepage is well below 
the seepage limits (5.0 L/s to Cookson Reservoir and 2.0 L/s to the 
East Poplar River) proposed in 1979 by the International Poplar 
River Water Quality Board of the International Joint Commission. 
The permeability of the Ash Lagoons No. 1 and 2 and Polishing 

Lagoon liners was calculated and found to be the same order of 

-9 
magnitude (2 to 11 x 10 cm/s) as originally calculated by 

T.A. Prickett. The linear permeability for Ash Lagoon Mo. 3 North 

-9 
was found to be 0.17 x 10 cm/s. 

The advancement of the seepage front towards the reservoir in the 

oxidized till was calculated to be 8.31 m since the lagoons were 

initially filled, which is an increase of 2.20 m since 1986. The 

< 
seepage front in the Empress formation was calculated to have 

advanced 912 ra southeast of the lagoons, an increase of 135 m since 

1986. However, examination of Empress formation and till water 

chemistry continue to show no significant changes attributable to 

lagoon seepage. Thus, leachate flow into Cookson Reservoir and 

into the East Poplar River has not been measurable. 

The Saskatchewan Department of Environment and Public Safety 
requires that the Saskatchewan Power Corporation maintain the 
stability of the ash lagoon system dykes. In addition to the 
regular visual inspections, an annual investigation by a 
geotechnical engineer was conducted in October, 1987. Some 
recommendations were made regarding remedial measures for erosion 
protection and locations for further observation. SPC intends to 
implement their recommendations during 1988. The freeboard 
requirements were exceeded during May and June, 1988 to minimize 
ash blowing problems from Ash Lagoon No. 1. Satisfactory freeboard 
maintenance has been subsequently practised. 



- 36 - 

Saskatchewan Power continues to esqjeriment with the surcharging of 
dry ash into the lagoons . An experimental program began in 1987 to 
determine suitable types of vegetation for the exposed ash. Two 
species of grass showed some promise for this purpose. Further 
testing will continue in 1988. 

Saskatchewan Power has, since Hay, 1983, undertaken analyses on 
filtered ash lagoon water samples to obtain appropriate information 
on potential leachate quality. Generally, the water quality data 
show increases in the Ash and Polishing Lagoons for sodium, 
potasium, sulphate, fluoride, boron and molybdenum; and continued 
variability in the levels for uranium, and vanadium. In addition, 
there were some decreases noted for other measured variables such 
as strontium and chromium. The changes are to be expected in a 
closed system of this type. 



- 37 - 



AIR QUALITY 



Saskatchewan 

As a result of construction at the water treatment plant, the 
Coronach air quality monitoring station was dismantled in 
September, 1986 and not relocated until the beginning of 1987. 
Sulphur dioxide monitoring commenced once again on 
February 5, 1987. Particulate monitoring began March 10, 1987. 
Both instruments are presently located at a site approximately one 
kilometre northeast of the previous location. 

Ambient sulphur dioxide monitoring began at Coronach in July 1979. 
To date, a number of detectable concentrations have been recorded 
at this site, however, violations of Saskatchewan's hourly or 
24 hour standards (0.17 parts per million (ppra) and 0.06 ppm, 
respectively) which could be attributed to power plant operations 
have not occurred. The highest hourly value in 1987 was 0.071 ppm 
which occurred on September 25 at 1400 hours. Weather information 
for this day indicates winds blowing from the southern quadrants, 
which suggests the power plant as the most probable source. The 
highest 24 hour value of 0.009 ppm occurred on July 30. Weather 
data indicates winds occurring from the southern quadrants 66% of 
the time, again pointing to the power plant as the most probable 
source. Figures 14 and 15 provide a summary of the maximum hourly 
and daily SO concentrations measured during the past 5 years. 

Violations of Provincial sulphur dioxide standards have not 
occurred at Saskatchewan Power Corporation's monitoring station 
near the Montana border. This year's highest hourly value of 
0.054 ppm occurred on February 28, 1987 at 1300 hours. Weather 
information indicates winds blowing from the northwest which 
suggests the power plant as the probable source. 



- 38 - 




— — — — mMiia SAT* 

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I M I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 

>MJJASOltOJPNAMJJAfOHOJPl1AflJJASOtlOjrMAHJJASOHOJPNAMJJAfONO 



Figure 14. Saskatchewan Maximum Hourly SO Air Quality Data 
Coronach Water Treatment Plant, 1983-1987 



.0«« — 
.0«« — 
.0)5- 
.030 — 
.015 — 
.OJO— 
.OlS— 
.010— 
.005 — 
.000— 



SAIKATCIM1MM 34 IW. 9TAMUUI0 



'^. 



aiutaa OATA 



I I M M I I I I I I I 



I M I M I I I I I I I t 



Figure 15. Saskatchewan Maximum Daily SO Air Quality Data 
Coronach Water Treatment Plant, 1983-1987 



- 39 - 

Air suspended particulate concentrations at Coronach were similar 
to those obtained in past years. Saskatchewan's 24 hour average 
standard was exceeded on two occasions in April 1987 . Weather data 
indicates strong north winds during these days with the result that 
wind blown dust is the likely cause of the violations. The annual 

geometric mean increased from 25 . 2 micrograms per cubic metre 

3 3 . . 

(ug/m ) in 1986 to 36.0 ug/m for the 10 month monitoring 

period in 1987, however the mean continues to be well below the 

3 
Saskatchewan standard of 70.0 ug/m . 

Suspended particulate concentrations at Saskatchewan Power 
Corporation's monitoring Station exceeded Saskatchewan's 24 hour 

average standard on seven occasion in 1987 . The highest recorded 

3 

value of 494.2 ug/m occurred on April 15. Weather data 

indicates strong winds from variable quadrants throughout the day 
which suggests wind blown dust as the most probable cause. As 
well, this portion of the province has been extremely dry in the 
past few years with little snow cover or rainfall to prevent 
episodes of blowing dust. The annual geometric mean recorded at 

Saskatchewan Power Corporation's particulate monitoring site during 

3 
1987 was 34.6 ug/m . 

In-stack monitoring data obtained in 1987 were similar to the 

results of previous years. Daily nitrogen oxides concentrations 

3 
ranged from 1465 to 2285 milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m ) with 

3 
an average yearly concentration of 806 mg/m as compared to 

3 
898 mg/m in 1986. Ongoing improvements to the sample 

conditioning system have considerably improved the operation of the 

nitrogen oxides monitor in the past two years. The monitor was 

operational 82 per cent of the time in 1986 and 1987 as compared 

to 387o of the time in 1985 . Daily sulphur dioxide concentrations 

3 

ranged from 1 124 to 3 975 mg/m with an average yearly 

3 
concentration of 2 556 mg/ra as compared to 3 688 in 1986. The 

sulphur dioxde monitor was available 85 per cent of the time in 

1987. 



- 40 - 

Average daily opacity readings ranged from to 100 per cent, with 
a yearly average of 26 per cent as compared to 16 per cent in 
1986. Saskatchewan's opacity standard is 40 per cent. In most 
instances opacity violations occur during unit start up or shutdown 
sequences . The reason for this is that the precipitators are not 
normally energized while a unit is fired on oil, in order to 
minimize fouling of the precipitator plates and to improve overall 
collection efficiency. During 1987 there were approximately 22 
occasions, lasting for an average of just under 9 hours, when one 
of the units was firing on oil and the precipitators were not 
energized. These events gave rise to the majority of the opacity 
violations that were recorded. 

On September 29, 1987, a manual stack gas survey was conducted at 
this Poplar River Power. Plant. Using the results from this 
verification survey, the annual average stack emission values can 
be represented as follows: 

sulphur dioxide - 741.8 nanograms per joule of heat input 

or 
1.72 pounds per million Btu of heat input 

nitrogen oxides - 223.0 nanograms per joule of heat input 

or 
0.52 pounds per million Btu of heat input 



particulates 



23.8 nanograms per joule of heat input 

or 
0.06 pounds per million Btu of heat input 



- 41 - 



Montana 



Beginning September 1986, and concluding in June 1987, the Montana 
Department of Health & Environmental Studies (DHES) conducted an 
ambient air quality monitoring study near Scobie, Montana. Funds 
for the study were appropriated from Montana's Resource Indemnity 
Trust Fund (RIT) by the State's 1985 legislation. 

The DHES operated one primary air monitoring site and eight 
additional sulfation rate sites in the Poplar River area in 
1986-87. The parameters that were monitored included sulphur 
dioxide, total suspended particulates, sulfation rate, wind speed, 
with direction, and temperature. The primary site was located at 
the Don Marlenee Ranch which is approximately four miles south of 
the U.S. - Canadian border and one mile east of Highway 13. 

During the year of monitoring, sulphur dioxide concentrations 
remained less than both the Montana and national ambient air 
quality standards. The maximum 1-hour concentration of 0.075 ppm 
was recorded at the Marlenee Ranch site during October, 1986. This 
concentration is 15 per cent of the Montana standard. The highest 
3-hour concentration of 0.042 ppm occurred during October, 1986. 
The highest 24-hour concentration of 0.008 ppm occurred during 
March and April, 1987. Most of the higher sulphur dioxide 
concentrations occurred with northwest or north-northwest winds 
indicating the Saskatchewan Power Corporation generating facility 
as the probable source. Table 8 sximmarizes the SO. data. 

The Montana and U.S. Federal standards for total suspended 

particulates were not exceeded at the monitoring site. The highest 

3 

24-hour concentration was 144 ug/m recorded on January 21, 1987; 

3 
the second highest was 140 ug/m recorded on November 10, 1986. 

The reading on January 21, 1987 was caused by fugitive dust 

emissions associated with high wind speeds. 



- 42 - 



Table 8. Sulphur Dioxide in Ambient Air, Montana 
(Parts per Million) 





1-hour 


3 -hour 


2 4 -hour 


Don Marlenee Ranch 


Maximum 


Maximum 


Maximum 


September, 1986 


0.045 


0.024 


0.002 


October 


0.075 


0.042 


0.002 


November 


0.027 


0.018 


0.005 


December 


0.035 


0.015 


0.005 


January, 1987 


0.023 


0.012 


0.005 


February 


0.020 


0.014 


0.006 


March 


0.032 


0.026 


0.008 


April 


0.014 


0.009 


0.008 


May 


0.007 


0.005 


0.004 


June 


0.002 


0.001 


0.000 


Montana Standard 


0.500 





0.100 


U.S.. Federal Standard 





0.500 


0.140 



Table 9 shows the sulfation rate data collected at eight locations 
in the Poplar River area. The highest monthly average was 
0.05 milligrams of sulphur trioxide per 100 square centimetres per 



day. 



The DHES generally considers monthly averages above 



0.5 mg SO_/cm /day as indicating areas of possible concern. 



Although the air quality monitoring project has been terminated, 
the DHES will continue to collect sulfation plates in the Scobey 
area. This will allow the DHES to note any changes in the existing 
air quality and to determine its geographic extent. 



Wind data were also collected at the Marlenee Ranch site. The 
predominant wind directions for all three quarters at this site 
were northwest (NU & NNW) and southwest (SSW & SW) . The wind 
speeds from the northwest sector averaged around 5 m/s 
(11 miles/hour) while the wind speeds from the southwest sector 
averaged around 2 ra/s (4.5 miles/hour). The wind roses are 
considered by the DHES to fairly represent winds in the Scobey area. 



- 43 - 



Table 9. Sulfation Rate - Milligrams Sulphur Trioxide 
per 100 Square Centimetres per Day 



1987 



Jan. 



Feb. 



Mar. 



Apr. 



May 



June 



Scobey - Border 

Scobey - Richardson 

Scobey - Hanrahan Ranch 

Microwave Tower 

Flaxville 

TV Tower Hill 

Scobey Downtown 

Four Buttes 



0.03 


0.04 


0.05 


0.03 


0.02 


0.02 


0.04 


0.01 


0.04 


0.02 


0.04 








0.04 


0.03 


0.00 


0.00 


0.02 


0.02 


0.00 


0.02 











0.02 


0.04 


0.03 


0.00 


0.00 


0.01 


0.01 


0.00 



.ANNEX 1 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



CANADA - UNITED STATES 



- 1 - 



September 23, 1980. 



POPLAR RIVER 
COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 

I. PURPOSE 

This Arrangement will provide for the exchange of data collected as 
described in the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules in water 
quality, water quantity and air quality monitoring programs being 
conducted in Canada and the United States at or near the International 
Boundary in response to the Saskatchewan Power Corporation develop- 
ment. This Arrangement will also provide for the dissemination of 
the data in each country and will assure its comparability and assist 
in its technical interpretation. 

The Arrangement will replace and expand upon the quarterly information 
exchange program instituted between Canada and the United States 
in 1976. 

II. PARTICIPATING GOVERNMENTS 

Governments and government agencies participating in the Arrangement 
are: 

Government of Canada: Environment Canada 

Government of the Province of Saskatchewan: Saskatchewan 

Environment and Public Safety 
Government of the United States of America: U.S. Geological 

Survey 
Government of the State of Montana: Executive Office 

III. POPLAR RIVER MONITORING COMMITTEE; TERMS OF REFERENCE 

A binational committee called the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring 
Committee will be established to carry out responsibilities assigned 
to it under this Arrangement. The Committee will operate in accord- 
ance with the following terms of reference: 

A. Membership 

The Committee will be composed of four representatives, one from 
each of the participating Governments. It will be jointly chaired 
by the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States. 
There will be a Canadian Section and a United States Section. The 
participating Governments will notify each other of any changes in 
membership on the Committee. Cochairmen may by mutual agreement 
invite agency technical experts to participate in the work of the 
Committee. 



- 2 - 



The Governor of the State of Montana may also appoint a chief elective 
official of local government to participate as an ex-officio member 
of the Committee in its technical deliberations. The Saskatchewan 
Minister of the Environment may also appoint a similar local repre- 
sentative. 

B. Functions of the Committee 

The role of the Committee will be to fulfill the purpose of the 
Arrangement by ensuring the exchange of monitored data in accordance 
with the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules, and its collation 
and technical interpretation in reports to Governments on implementa- 
tion of the Arrangement. In addition, the Committee will review the 
existing monitoring systems to ensure their adequacy and may recommend 
to the Canadian and United States Governments any modifications to 
improve the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 

1. Information Exchange 

Each Cochairman will be responsible for transmitting to his counter- 
part Cochairman on a regular, and not less than quarterly basis, 
the data provided by the cooperative monitoring agencies in accord- 
ance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 

2. Reports 

(a) The Committee will prepare a joint Annual Report to the partici- 
pating governments, and may at any time prepare joint Special 
Reports. 

(b) Annual Reports will 

i) summarize the main activities of the Committee in the year 
under Report and the data which has been exchanged under 
the Arrangement; 

ii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any 
definitive changes in the monitored parameters, based on 
collation and technical interpretation of exchanged data 
(i.e. the utilization of summary, statistical and other 
appropriate techniques); 

iii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any 
recommendations regarding the adequacy or redundancy of any 
scheduled monitoring operations and any proposals regarding 
modifications to the Technical Monitoring Schedules, based 
on a continuing review of the monitoring programs including 
analytical methods to ensure their comparability. 



- 3 - 



c) Special Reports may, at any time, draw to the attention of partici- 
pating governments definitive changes in monitored parameters 
which may require immediate attention. 

d) Preparation of Reports 

Reports will be prepared following consultation with all committee 
members and will be signed by all Committee members. Reports 
will be separately forwarded by the Committee Co chairmen to the 
participating governments. All annual and special reports will 
be so distributed. 

3. Activities of Canadian and United States Sections 

The Canadian and United States section will be separately responsible 
for: 

(a) dissemination of information within their respective countries, 
and the arrangement of any discussion required with local elec- 
ted officials; 

(b) verification that monitoring operations are being carried out in 
accordance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules by cooperating 
monitoring agencies; 

(c) receipt and collation of monitored data generated by the coopera- 
ting monitoring agencies in their respective countries as speci- 
fied in the Technical Monitoring Schedules; 

(d) if necessary, drawing to the attention of the appropriate govern- 
ment in their respective countries any failure to comply with a 
scheduled monitoring function on the part of any cooperating 
agency under the jurisdiction of that government, and requesting 
that appropriate corrective action be taken. 

IV. PROVISION OF DATA 

In order to ensure that the Committee is able to carry out the terms 
of this Arrangement, the participating governments will use their 
best efforts to have cooperating monitoring agencies, in their re- 
spective jurisdictions provide on an ongoing basis all scheduled 
monitored data for which they are responsible. 

V. TERMS OF THE ARRANGEMENT 

The Arrangement will be effective for an initial term of five years 
and may be amended by agreement of the participating governments. 
It will be subject to review at the end of the initial term and will 
be renewed thereafter for as long as it is required by the participa- 
ting governments. 



- 4 - 



ANNEX 2 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 



1988 



CANADA - UNITED STATES 



June 1988 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Page 

PREAMBLE 3 

CANADA 5 

STREAMFLOW MONITORING 6 

SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING 8 

GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING 12 

GROUND WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN 14 
DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING 

GROUND WATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON 16 
AREA, SCHEDULE A - PIEZOMETERS IN TILL 

GROUND WATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON 18 
AREA AND INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AREA, SCHEDULE B - 
PIEZOMETERS IN EMPRESS GRAVEL 

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING 20 

SOURCE EMISSION MONITORING 22 

UNITED STATES 25 

STREAMFLOW MONITORING 26 

SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING 28 

GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING 30 

GROUND WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE 32 
TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING 

AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING 34 



- 2 - 



PREAMBLE 

The Technical Monitoring Schedule lists those water quantity-, water 
quality and air quality monitoring locations and parameters which 
form the basis for information exchange and reporting to Govern- 
ments. The structure of the Committee responsible for ensuring 
the exchange takes place is described in the Poplar River Cooperative 
Monitoring Arrangement. 

The monitoring locations and parameters listed herein have been 
reviewed by the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee and 
represent the basic technical information needed to identify any 
definitive changes in water quantity, water quality and air quality 
at the International Boundary. The Schedule was initially submitted 
to Governments for approval as an attachment to the 1981 report to 
Governments. Changes in the sampling locations and parameters may 
be made by Governments based on the recommendations of the Committee. 

Significant additional information is being collected by agencies 
on both sides of the International Boundary, primarily for project 
management or basin-wide baseline data purposes. This additional in- 
formation is usually available upon request from the collecting 
agency and forms part of the pool of technical information which may 
be drawn upon by Governments for specific study purposes. Examples 
of additional information are water quantity, water quality, ground- 
water and air quality data collected at points in the Poplar River 
basin not of direct concern to the Committee. In addition, supple- 
mental information on parameters such as vegetation, soils, fish 
and waterfowl populations and aquatic vegetation is also being 
collected on either a routine or specific studies basis by various 
agencies. 



- 3 - 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 



1988 



CANADA 



- 5 - 



STREAMFLOW MONITORING 



Responsible Agency: Environment Canada 



Daily mean discharge or levels and instantaneous monthly extremes as 
normally published in surface water data publications. 



No. on 


Map 


Station No. 


1. 




11AE003 
(06178500) 


2. 




11AE013 


3. 




11AE015 



Station Name 

East Poplar River at 
International Boundary 

Cookson Reservoir near 
Coronach 

Girard Creek near Coronach 
Cookson Reservoir 



*4, 



UAE014 



East Poplar River above 
Cookson Reservoir 



5. **Fife Lake Overflow 

*6. 11AE008 

(06178000) 



Poplar River at International 
Boundary 



* - International gauging station 
** - Miscellaneous measurements of outflow to be made by Sask Water 
during periods of outflow only. 



- 6 - 




HYOROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (CANADA) 



- 7 - 



SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING 
Saopllng LocaClons 

R«aponslbl« Agency: Saskatchewan Envlronoenc and Public Safety 



No. on 
Map 
1 
2 
3 
4 
5 



Station No. 

U1SKU2U0UUU2 

OSSK02000007 

05SK02000008 

OSSIC02000004 

0SSi:02000003 



0OSA11AE00O8 



Station Wane 

f'Lte Lake Overflow 

Glrard Creek at Coronach Reservoir Outflow 

Upper Cad of Cookson Reservoir at Highway 36 

Cookson Reservoir near Oaa 

East Poplar River at culvert Immediately below 

Cookson Reservoir 

Responsible Agency: Environment Canada 

Cast Poplar River at International Boundary 



Parameters 
Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 



ESQOADAT* 




Code 


Parameter 


10151 


Alkailnlty-pheno 


10101 


Alkallnlty-tot 


13004 


Aluminum tot 


33004 


Arsenic-tot 


06201 


Blcarbonates 


05451 


Boron-tot 


48002 


Cadmlua-tot 


20103 


Caldua 


06052 


Cjirbon-tac Inorg 


06005 


Carbon- toe Org 


06301 


Carbonates 


17203 


Chloride 


0«711 


Chlorophyll 'a' 


24004 


Chromlua-toc 


36012 


Collfora-fee 


36002 


Collform-toe 


02041 


Cooducdvlcy 


2900S 


Copper-toC 


0910S 


Flourid* 


82002 


Lead-toe 


12102 


Magnesium 


80011 


Harcury-toe 


4200S 


Holybdeaua 


07015 


M-TIOI 


10401 


NFR 


10501 


NFR (F) 


28002 


Nlckel-eoe 


07110 


Httrate + NO2 


06521 


Oil and Grease 


08102 


Oxygen-diss 


15406 


Phosphorus- tot 


19103 


Potassium 


34005 


Selenlum-Exe 


11002 


Sodium 


16306 


Sulphate 


10451 


IDS 


0206YZ 


Temperature 


23004 


Vanadium-tot 


30005 


Zinc-tot 


10301 


PH 



Analytical 

Method 

Pot. Titration 3P ij~ 

Pot, Titration OF Q 

AA-dlrect A 

Flameless-A.A. A 

Calculated OF Q 

ICPA W Q 

AA-Solv«ne extract (HIBK) A 

AA-Olrect OF Q 

IR OF 

IR OF 

Calculated OF q 

Colourtaetery OF Q 

Colourlmetery Q 

AA-dlrect A 

MF OF Q 

MF OF Q 

Conductivity meter W Q 

AA-Solv«'nt extract (HIBK) A 

Specific Ion electrode A 

AA-Solvenc extract (HIBK) A 

AA-dlrect OF Q 

Flaaeless AA A 

AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) A 

Colourlaetry OF Q 

Gravimetric OF Q 

Gravimetric OF Q 

AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) OF Q 

Colourlmetry OF Q 

Pet. Ether Extraction A 

Meter OF Q 

Colourlmetry OF Q 

Flame Photometery OF Q 

Hydride Generation A 

Fladtt Photometry OF Q 

Colourlmetry OF Q 

Gravimetric OF Q 

Thermometer OF Q 

AA-Dlrect A 

AA-Solvent extract (MIBK) A 

Electrometrlc W Q 



Sampling Frequency 

Station 

No: 1 2 3 4 5 



"Computer storage and retrieval system - Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety. 

Symbols: W - Weekly during overflow; OF - once during each period of overflow greater 
than 2 weeks' duration; Q - quarterly; A - annually In the fall; AA - atomic 
absorption; IR - Infrared; Pot - potentloaetrlc; NFR - nonfllterable residue 
NFRF - nonfllterable residue, fixed. 

AA - Solvent Cxtrsct (MIBK): Sample digested with HNO3 and extracted with methyl 
Isobutyl ketone. 

ICPA - Plasma emmlaslon. 

MF - membrane filtration. 



PARAMETERS (Conclnued) 



Rcaponalbla Agency: Envlronacnc Canada 



Code 


Paranecer 


10131 


Alkallnlcy-pheno 


lOlM 


Alkallnlcy-coc 


13102 


Aluainua-Olaa. 


073C9 


Aaaonla-Free 


07S0« 


Aaaonla-coc 


33109 


Araenlc-dlaa 


S4001 


Barlia-coc 


06201 


Blcarbonacea 


ostos 


Boron-dlaa 


U002 


Cadalua-coe 


20103 


Calclia 


06902 


Carbon-partle 


06002 


Carbon-coc Org 


06301 


Carbonacea 


17206 


Chlorld* 


06717 


Chlorophyll a 


24003 


Chroaiia-coc 


27002 


Cobalc-coc 


36012 


Collfor»>fec 


36002 


Collfora-coc 


02021 


Colour 


02041 


Conducclvtcy 


29003 


Copp«r-Coc 


06604 


Cyanide- tot 


09106 


Fluoride 


10602 


Hardneaa 


08301 


Hydroxide 


26104 


Iron-diaa 


82002 


Lead-coc 


12102 


Magneaiua 


23104 


itengane8»-d iaa 


80011 


Mercury-Co c 


07902 


N-pareicttl«ce 


07631 


S-eoc dlaa 


10401 


iin 


28002 


Nlckel-coc 


07110 


111 crate 


07603 


Nlcrogen-coc 


180ZZ 


Organo Chlorine* 


08101 


Oxygen-diaa 


15901 


P-parciculace 


15103 


P-coc dlaa 


06535 


nienollca 


185XX 


Ftienoxy Hcrblcidea 


15406 


Ftioaphorua-coc 


19103 


Pocaaaiua 


18599 


Plcloraa 


11250 


Percent Sodlua 


00210 


Sac Index 


34108 


Seleniui-diaa 


14102 


Silica 


11103 


SodiuB 


00211 


scab Index 


16306 


SulphaCe 


00201 


TDS 


02061 


Teaperacure 


02073 


Turbidlcy 


23002 


Vanadiua-coc 


30005 


Zlnc-Coe 


10301 


pH 


92111 


Uraniua 



Analytical 
Method 

Potentioactrlc 
IR Detector 
AA- Direct 

Calculated 

Electroaetric 

Plaaaa 

AA Direct 

Calculaced 

Carainlc Acid 

AA Solv. Oct. 

AA- Direct 

Cleaental Analyzer 

Calculated 

Calculated 

Colourlaetric 

Spec trophotoae trie 

AA-Solv. Ext. 

AA Solv. Ext. 

HF 

MF 

Coaparator 

Wheatatone Bridge 

AA-Solv. Ext. 

UV-Colouriaetric 

Eleccroactric 

Calculated 

Calculated 

AA-direct 

AA-Solv. Oct. 

AA-direct 

AA-direcc 

Flaaaleaa AA 

Eleaencal Analyzer 

UV Colouriaecric 

Graviaecric 

AA-Solv. Qcc. 

Colouriaecric 

Calculaced 

cc 

Winkler 

Calculaced 

Colourlaetric 

Colourlaetric 

GC 

Colourlaetric 

Flaae Biiaaion 

GC 

Calculated 

Calculated 

Plaaaa 

Colourlaetric 

Flaae Qiiaaion 

Calculated 

Colourlaetric 

Calculated 

Alcohol 

Nepheloaetrlc 

AA-Solv. Ext. 

AA-Solv. Oct. 

Electroaetric 

Fluroaetric 



Saapling Frequency 

Station 

No: 6 

H 
N 
H 

M 

M 

M 

M 

M 

N 

N 

H 

M 

M 

H 

H 

M 

N 

M 

M 

M 

M 

M 

M 

M 

M 
M 

N 
M 

M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
H 
M 
N 
N 
N 
N 
M 
M 
M 
N 
M 
M 
N 
M 
N 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
M 
HC 



*Coaputer atorage and retrieval syatea - Envlronaent Canada 

Syabola: M-Monthly; AA-atoaic abaorption; MF-aeabrane filtration; UV-ultravlolet- 
NFR-nonfUterable realduc; CC-gaa chroaatography; MC-Monthly Coaposlte' 



- 9 - 




L £S£/tO 
ENVIRONMENT SASKATCHEWAN 
ENVIRONMENT CANADA 



CANADA 
U. S.A. 



SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (CANADA) 



- 11 - 



GROUND W ATER QUALITY MONITORING 
Sampling Locations 
Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 

Station Description 



Map 


SPC 


Tip of Screen 




Location No. 


Piezometer No. 


Elevation (m) 


Material 


8a 


C726A 


746.338 


unoxidized ti 1 1 




C726C 


752.739 


oxidized till 


8a 


C726E 


738.725 


Empress gravel 


9a 


C728A 


753.405 


oxidized ti 1 1 




C728B 


743.265 


unoxidized ti 1 1 




C728C 


747.645 


mottled till 




C728D 


752.305 


oxidized till 


9a 


C728E 


739.912 


Empress gravel 


2a 


C712B 


746.112 


oxidized ti 1 i 


2b 


C7I8 


748.385 


mottled till 


2c 


C7I9 


747.715 


oxidized till 


22 


C533 


740.441 


Empress gravel 


23 


C534 


753.499 


ti II 


18 


C74l»« 


735.153 


Empress gravel 


21 


C742** 


741.800 


Empress gravel 


24 


C7I4A 


745.333 


unoxidized ti 1 1 


25 


C7I4D 


750.459 


oxidized ti 1 1 


26 


C7I4E 


738.230 


Empress gravel 


27 


C774B 


749.370 


oxidized ti 1 1 


28 


C775A 


753.320 


oxidized ti 1 1 


29 


C775D 


740.190 


Empress gravel 



Paraaaters 
Raaponalbla Agancy: Saakatchewan Envlronmenc and Public Safety 



ESQUAOAT* 
Code 



Paraaetar 



Analytical 
Maehod 



Sampling Frequency 
Scaclon 
No; Piezonecers 



10101 


Alkalinity- Coc 


Pot-Tltratlon 




A 


13105 


Alualnua-Ola a 


AA-Dlrect 




3** 


33104 


Araanlc-Dlaa 


Flaaeleaa AA 




A 


56104 


Barlua-Dlaa 


AA-Dlrect 




A 


06201 


Bicarbonate* 


Calculated 




A 


05106 


Boron-dlaa 


Colourlaetry 




3** 


48102 


Cadalua-Dlaa 


AA-Solvent Extract 


(MIBK) 


A 


20103 


Calciua-Olaa 


AA-dlrect 




A 


06301 


Carbonates 


Calculated 




A 


17203 


Chlorlde-Dlss 


Colourlaetry 




A 


24104 


Chroalua-Dlas 


AA-Dlrect 




A 


27102 


Co balt-Olaa 


AA-Solvent Extract 


(MIBK) 


A 


02011 


Colour 


Coaparator 




A 


02041 


Conductivity 


Conductivity aeter 




3** 


29105 


Copper-Dlaa 


AA-Solvent Extract 


(MIBK) 


A 


09105 


Fluorlde-Olas 


Specific Ion Electrode 


A 


26014 


Iron-Dlsa 


AA-Dlrect 


, 


A 


82103 


Lead-Dlaa 


AA-Solvent Extract 


(MIBK) 


A 


12102 


Hagnealua-Olas 


AA-Dlrect 




A 


25104 


Manganeae-Olaa 


AA-Dlrect 




A 


80111 


Mercury-Dlaa 


Flaaeleaa AA 




A 


42102 


Holybdenua-Dlaa 


AA-SolvenC extract 
acetate) 


(N-Butyl 


A 


10301 


pH 


Eleccroaetrlc 




3** 


19103 


Pocaaalua-Dlaa 


Flaae Photometry 




A 


34105 


Selenlua-Dlss 


Hydride generation 




A 


14102 


Slllca-Dlsa 


Colourlaetry 




A 


11103 


Sodlua-Olas 


Flaae Photoaetry 




A 


38101 


Strontlua-Dlas 


AA-Dlrect 




3** 


16306 


Sulphate-Dlsa 


Colourlaetry 




3** 


10451 


TDS 


Cravlaetrlc 




3** 


92111 


Uranlua-Olaa 


Fluoroaetry 




3** 


23104 


Vanadlua-Dlas 


AA-Olrect 




A 


97025 


Water Level 






A 


30105 


Zlnc-Dlaa 


AA-Solvent Extract 


(MIBK) 


A 



No zinc or Iron for plezoaeters C533 or C534. 

*CoBputer Storage and Retrieval Systea - Saskatchewan Envlronaent and Public 

Safety. 
Symbols: AA - atoalc absorption. A - Annually. 3 - Three tiaea per year 

AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK): sample acidified and extracted with Methyl 

Isobutyl Ketone. 
**Analyze annually only for piezometer Nos. C741 and C742. 



- 12 - 



R.ZT 



11.26 




as. A. 



GROUND WATER QUALITr MONITORING (CANADA) 



- 13 - 



GROUHD WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR 

POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL 

SEAM DEWATERING 

Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 
Measurement Frequency: Quarterly 



Piezometer 




Tip of Screen 


Number 


Location 
NW14-1-27W3 


Elevation (m) 


52 


738.43 


506A 


SW4-1-27W3 


748.27 


507 


SW6-1-26W3 


725.27 


509 


NW11-1-27W3 


725.82 


510 


NW1-1-28W3 


769.34 



Perforation Zone 
(depth in metres) 

43 - 49 (in coal) 

81 - 82 (in coal) 

34 - 35 (in coal) 

76 - 77 (in coal) 

28 - 29 (in layered 
coal and clay) 



- 14 - 




GROUNDWATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL 
DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING 



- 15 - 



GROUND WATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON AREA 

SCHEDULE A - PIEZOMETERS IN TILL 

Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 



Station 


'Piezometer No. 


la 


C716 


* lb 


C717 


Ic 


C711 


2ai 


C712A 


2a2 


C712B 


233 


C712C 


2a4 


C712D 


2b 


07 18 


2c 


C719 


3a 


C713 


3b 


C720 


3c 


C721 


6ai 


C763A 


6a2 


C763B 


6 33 


C763C 


6a4 


C763D 


7ai 


C729A 


7a2 


C729B 


7*3 


C729C 


7a4 


C729D 


C534 


C534 


8ai 


C730A 


8a2 


C730B 


8a3 


C73GC 


8a4 


C730D 


8bi 


C727A 


8b2 


C727B 


8b3 


C727C 


8ci 


C726A 


8c2 


C726B 


8C3 


C726C 


8d 


0748 


9ai 


0764A 


9a2 


0764B 


9a3 


07 640 


9a4 


0764D 


9bi 


0728A 


9b2 


C728B 


9b3 


07 280 


9b4 


0728D 



Frequency of Measurement 

All piezometer levels 
are measured quarterly 



- 16 - 



R.27 



T.I 



R.2S 

L£G£NO 
Q Sia«l« Plaiaaar la Till 
a NaatM PiataaiXara ia Till 

8 Sit 



SCALE 




CANADA 



a&A. 



PIEZOMETER INSTALLATION SITES - SCHEDULE 'A* PIEZOMETERS IN TILL 



- 17 - 



GROUND WATER PIEZOMETER LEVEL MONITORING - ASH LAGOON AREA AND 
INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY AREA 

SCHEDULE B - PIEZOMETERS IN EMPRESS GRAVEL 
Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 



Frequency of Measurement 

All piezometers are 
monitored quarterly 



Station 






Immediate Ash Lagoon 


Area 


Piezometer No. 


I 




C731 


6a 




C763E 


6b 




C765A 


C529 




C529 


C530 




C530 


C532 




C532 


C533 




C533 


C538 




C538 


8 




C730E 


9 




C728E 


West of Ash Lagoon Area 




11 




C743 


14 




C740 


16 




C756 


South of Ash Lagoon 


Area 




C525 




C525 


C526 




C526 


C527 




C527 


C539 




C539 


C540 




C540 


IS 




C741 


20 




C736 


21 




C742 


22 




C733 


23 




C732 


24 




C734 



- 18 - 



R. 27 



R.26 




as. A. 



PIEZOMETER INSTALLATION SITES - SCHEDULE "B" PIEZOMETERS IN EMPRESS GRAVEL 



AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING 
Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 



No. on Map 


Location 


Parameters 


1 


Coronach 


Sulphur 
Dioxide 

Wind speed 
and 
direction 

Total 

Suspended 
Particulates 



International 
Boundary* 



Sulphur 
Dioxide 



Reporting Frequency 

Continuous monitoring with 
hourly averages as summary 
statistics. 

Continuous monitoring 
with hourly averages as 
summary statistics. 

24-hour samples on a 
6-day cycle, corresponding 
to the National Air 
Pollution Surveillance 
Sampling Schedule. 

(Continuous monitoring with 
hourly averages as summary 
statistics. 



METHODS 



Total 

Suspended 
Particulates 



24-hour samples on 
6-day cycle, corresponding 
to the National Air 
Pollution Surveillance 
Sampling Schedule. 



Sulphur Dioxide 



Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 
Colourimetric Titration, 
Pulsed Fluorescence 



Total Suspended 
Particulates 



Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 
High Volume Method 



* This station is operated by Saskatchewan Power. 



- 20 - 




LESS NO 
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITOmNe 



AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING (CANADA) 



- 21 - 



SOURCE EMISSION MONITORING 
Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 



No« on Map 



Station Location 

At Poplar River 
Power Plant 



Parameters 

Sulphur Dioxide, 
Nitrogen Dioxide, 
Opacity. 



Sampling Frequency 

Continuously reported 
as Hourly Averages 



METHODS 
Sulphur Dioxide 

Nitrogen Dioxide 

Opacity 



Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 
Ultraviolet Absorption 

Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 
Chemi 1 umi nescence 

Saskatchewan Environment and Public Safety 
Optical 



- 22 - 



R. 27 



R.26 



T.I 




Uaqoons 



SCALt 



Ha io«o itcTact 



CANADA 



USA. 



J.. 



SOURCE EMISSION MONITORING 



- 23 - 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 



1988 



UNITED STATES 



- 25 - 



STREAMFLOW MONITORING 

Responsible Agency: United States Geological Survey 

No. on Map Station Number Station Name 

*1 06178000 (11AE008) Poplar River at International Boundary 

*2 06178500 (11AE003) East Poplar River at International 

Boundary 



* International gauging station 



- 26 - 




CANADA 
U.S. A. 



HYOROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) 



- 27 - 



SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITOHING 

Station Location 

Responsible Agency: U.S. Geological Survey 



USGS 
No. on Station 
Map No. 



06178000 
06178500 



06179000 



Station Name 

Poplar Rivec at International Boundary 

East Poplar River at International 

Boundary 

East Poplar River near Scobey 



FAKAMEmS 



WATSTOK* 




Sapl 
Analytical 


Ling i 


'requi 


racy 


Cod* 


Paraastcr 
Alkaliaiey-lab 


■athod lo. 


M 


I 
M 


2 


90410 


Elaet. Titratioo 


M 


0U06 


Aluaiau^diss 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


00610 


Amonia-coc 


Coloriaatric 


H 


M 


M 


0062} 


A^Kiai.a'K)rg N-coc 


Coloriaacrxc 


M 


M 


M 


01000 


Axacnic-dia* 


AA, bydrida 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01002 


Ara«nie-coc 


AA, bydridc 


A 


A 


A 


01010 


Barylliua-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01012 


Barrlliuirtac/rac 


AA-Pecaulfaca 


A 


A 


A 


01020 


BoroD-diaa 


ICP 


H 


M 


H 


01023 


Cadaiua-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01027 


CadaiuB-coc/rae 


AA-paraalfata 


A 


A 


A 


00915 


Calciia 


AA 


H 


« 


M 


OOiSO 


Carbon-toe 0r( 


Wat Oxidation 


SA 


SA 


SA 


00940 


Chloride-diaa 


Ion cbroaatograpby 


H 


H 


H 


01030 


Chroaiu-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01034 


ChrouoB-coc/ rcc 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 


00080 


Color 


ElaetroMtric, viaoal 


H 


H 


M 


00095 


Coaducciricy 


Uhaatatona Bridga 


M 





M 


01040 


Coppar— diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01042 


Coppar-coc/r«e 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 


00061 


Diacbarga-iaac 


Direct aaaaur. 


N 


H 


H 


00950 


Fluorid* 


Elaetroaatric 


H 


H 


H 


01046 


Irott-diaa 


AA 


H 


M 


H 


01045 


lroi»-tot/r«e 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 


01049 


Uad-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01051 


Laad-coc/rac 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 


00923 


HagaaaiuB-diaa 


AA 


H 


H 


N 


01036 


Hangaaaaa-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01055 


Haagaoaa«-coc/rac 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 


01063 


Nickai-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01067 


Nickal cot/rac 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 


00615 


Nicrica-toc 


Coloriaatric 


M 


H 


H 


00630 


MicraCc^Nitrite-coc 


Coloriaatric 


K 


H 


M 


00300 


OzygaD-diaa 


Winklar/aatar 


M 


N 


H 


70507 


?hoa. Ortho-toe 


Coloriaatric 


H 


M 


M 


00400 


pa 


ElactroiBatric 


M 


H 


M 


00663 


Phoptaoraua-eot 


Coloriaatric 


M 


H 


M 


00935 


PetaaaiiM iliaa 


AA 


H 


H 


H 


00931 


SAS 


Calculatad 


H 


M 


H 


80154 


Sad iaaat-cooc . 


yiltratioa-graviaacric 


M 


M 


M 


80155 


Sad iaanc- load 


Calculated 


M 


M 


M 


01145 


Salaniiaa-diaa 


AA, bydrida 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01147 


Salaaina Coc 


AA, bydrida 


A 


A 


A 


00955 


Silica 


Coloriaatric 


M 


« 


H 


00930 


Sodiw 


AA 


M 


M 


H 


00945 


Sulfata-diaa 


Coloriaatric 


M 


M 


H 


70301 


Total Diaaoivad Solida 


Calculatad 


N 


M 


M 


00010 


Taap Uatar 


Toluana 


M 


M 


M 


00020 


Taap Air 


To I nana 


H 


M 


M 


00076 


Turbidity 


Napbaloaatric 


M 


M 


H 


80020 


Oraaiuvdiaa 


riuoriaatrie 


- 


MC 


- 


01090 


Zioc-diaa 


AA 


SA 


SA 


SA 


01092 


Zioc-tot/rac 


AA-paraulfata 


A 


A 


A 



•Coaputer atoraga and ratriaral ayata 



Syabola: 



OSGS 



C-eontinuooa ; I>-daily; H-aoottaly; MC-aontbly coapoaita; A-anaually 
at high flov; SA-aaai-annually at low and bigb flow; AA-atoaic 
abaorption; tot-total; rac-racovar abla ; diaa-diaaolvad 




CANADA 
J. S.A. 



SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) 



J 



- 29 - 



CIIOUHD WATEK qUALITT MONITORIWC 

Station Locationa 

Raaponaibl* A(«ncy: Montana Surtau of Hinaa and Caolofy 







Total Caaini 




Parforatioa 


Hap 


Wall 


Depth DiaMtar 






Zone 


Nimbar 


Loeacioa 


(■) (c.) 




Aquifer 


(>> 




37N47I17DABB 


7» 3. a fVC 




Hart Coal 


76-79 




17N47E23AADD 


36 i.t PVC 




Hare Coal 


33-36 




37N4«E23BBCC 


104 3.8 PVC 




Pox Hllla- 
Hall Craak 


102-104 




37N47E1ABBB1 


16 10.2 PVC 




Alluviiw 


10-15 




37M47E1ABBB2 


2S 10.2 PVC 




Hart Coal 


19-2S 




37M47E1ZBBBB 


43 10.2 PVC 




Hart Coal 


39-45 




37N47E13AADD 


14 10.2 PVC 




Alluvlua 


10-13 




37N47E13AOAA01 


43 












63 10.2 PVC 




Port Onloa 


16-62 




37N4aE}BABB 


13 10.2 PVC 




Alluvliw-Coal 


7-13 




37M48ESAAAA 


67 IS. 2 STEEL 


Pox Hllla- 


65-67 










Hall Creek 






37H47E Sac U DDDO 


26 S.08 




Hart Coal 


15-18 




37H47E Sac 3 CCCC 


62. S 10.2 




Hart Coal 


56-59 




37II47E Sac 4 BBAB 


82.6 10.2 




Hart Coal 


75-78 




37M47E Sac 3 BBAA 


89 10.2 




Hare Coal 


83-86 




37N46E Sac 3 AAAB 


26 10.2 






24-25 




37N47E Sac 16 DDDD 


88 10.6 




Hart Coal 


80-83 




37N46E Sac 1 BBBA 


M 10.2 




Rare Coal 


80-82 




37II47E Sac IS AAAB 


S9 10.2 




Hart Coal 


34-56 




37N47E Sac 24 CCCC 


22 s.oa 






19-22 




37K47E Sac 6 DBAA 


106 10.2 




Hare Coal 


100-103 • 




37N47E Sac 9 CBCC 


21 10.2 






18-21 




Parameters 










Scor«C* 




Analytical 




Sampling Frequency 


Cod* 


Parameter 
Blcarbonaces 


Method 




Station No. 


00440 


Electroraetrlc 


Sample coll 


ection 






Titration 




is annually 


01020 


Boron-dlsa 


Ealsalon Plasma 




for all loc 


atlons 






ICP 




identified 


above. 


0091 S 


Calclua 


Emission Plasma 








00443 


Carbonacas 


Electrometrlc 
Titration 




The analytical method 
descriptions are those 


00940 


Chloride 


ton Chromatography 


of the Mont 


ana Bureau 










of Mines and Geology 


00095 


Conduceivlcy 


Wheatstone Brdg 




Laboratory 


where the 


01040 


Copper-dlaa 


Ealsalon Plasma, 
ICP 




samples are 


analyzed. 


009S0 


Fluoride 


Ion Chromatography 






01046 


Iron-dlss 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




01049 


Lead-dlaa 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




01130 


Lichlua-dlsa 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




00925 


Hagnealua 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




01056 


Manganeae-dlsa 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




01060 


Molybdenua 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




00630 


Hlcrace 


Ion Chromatography 






00400 


PH 


Electrometrlc 








00935 


Pocaaaluo 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




01145 


Seleniua-dlss 


AA 








00955 


Silica 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




00930 


Sodium 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




01080 


Scronclum-dlaa 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




00445 


Sulphate 


Ion Chromatography 






22703 


Uranium 


Fusion Flurometr 


Lc 






00190 


Zlnc-dlsa 


Emission Plasma, 


ICP 




70301 


IDS 


Calculated 









'Computer storage and retrieval system - United States Geological Survey 
Symbols: AA-Atomlc Absorption; ICP-Inductively Coupled Plasma Unit 



- 30 - 




CANADA 
U.S. A. 



GROUND WATER QUALITY MONITORING (UNITED STATES) 



- 31 - 



GROUND WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR 
POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO 
COAL SEAM DEWATERING 



Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology 



„ Sampling 
No. on Map * 

„ ^ -„ Determine water levels 

2 to 2Z _ 1 

quarterly 



- 32 - 




GROUNDWATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL 
DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING 



- 33 - 



AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING 

Responsible Agency: State of Montana 
Air Quality Bureau 



No. on Map Location 

1 International Boundary 

2 Richardson 

3 Hanrahan 

4 Microwave Tower 

5 Flaxville 

6 TV Tower Hill 

7 Scobey Downtown 

8 Four Buttes 



TYPES OF SAMPLING 



Sulfation Rate - Monthly Averages 



METHODS 



Methods of Air Sampling and Analysis. 2nd Edition . "Tentative Method of 
Analysis of the Sulfation Rate of the Atmosphere (Lead Dioxide Plate 
Method - Turbidimetric Analysis," p. 691. 



- 34 - 




AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING (UNITED STATES) 



- 35 - 



ANNEX 3 



REPORTS REVIEWED DURING 1987 



BY THE POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE 



- 1 - 



REPORTS REVIEWED DURING 1987 
BY THE POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE 



Pasloske, G. R. , P. Eng., 1986, Hydrogeological Evaluation of the 
Poplar River Mine Relocation, Prepared for Prairie Coal Limited, 
pp. 38. 



2. Sternberg, S. , 1987, Poplar River Basin Air Monitoring Project 
1986-87, Air Quality Bureau, Montana Department of Health and 
Environmental Sciences. 



- 2 - 



ANNEX 4 



RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT 



IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN 



BY THE INTERNATIONAL SOURIS^ED RIVERS ENGINEERING BOARD, 



POPLAR RIVER TASK FORCE (1976) 



- 1 - 



♦RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT 
IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN 

The aggregate natural flow of all streams and tributaries in the Poplar 
River Basin crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally 
between Canada and the United States subject to the following conditions: 

1. Ihe total natural flow of the West Fork Poplar River and all its 
tributaries crossing the International Boundary shall be divided 
equally between Canada and the United States but the flow at the 
International Boundary in each tributary shall not be depleted 
by more than 60 percent of its natural flow. 

2. The total natural flow of all remaining streams and tributaries 
in the Poplar River Basin crossing the International Boundary 
shall be divided equally between Canada and the United States. 
Specific conditions of this division are as follows: 

a) Canada shall deliver to the United States a minimum of 60 
percent of the natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River 
at the International Boundary, as determined below the con- 
fluence of Goose Creek and Middle Fork. 

b) The delivery of water from Canada to the United States on 
the East Poplar River shall be determined on or about the 
first day of June of each year as follows: 

i) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar 
River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, 
during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st 
period does not exceed 4,690 cubic decametres (3,800 
acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.028 
cubic metres per second (1.0 cubic feet per second) 
shall be delivered to the United States on the East 
Poplar River at the International Boundary throughout 
the suceeding 12 month period commencing June 1st. In 
addition, a volume of 3 70 cubic decametres (300 acre-feet) 
shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at 
any time during the 12 month period commencing June 1st. 

ii) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar 
River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, 
during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st 
period is greater than 4,690 cubic decametres (3,800 
acre-feet), but does not exceed 9,250 cubic decametres 
7,500 acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 0.057 

*Canada-United States, 1976, Joint studies for flow apportionment. Poplar 
River Basin, Montana-Saskatchewan: Main Report, International Souris-Red 
Rivers Board, Poplar River Task Force, 43 pp. 

-2- 



cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall 
be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar River 
at the International Boundary during the succeeding period 
June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.028 
cubic metres per second (1.0 cubic feet per second) shall 
then be maintained from September 1st through to May 31st 
of the following year. In addition, a volume of 617 cubic 
decametres (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United 
States upon demand at any time during the 12-month period 
commencing June 1st. 

Hi) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar 
River, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, 
during the immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st 
period is greater than 9,250 cubic decametres (7,500 
acre-feet), but does not exceed 14,800 cubic decametres 
(12,000 acre-feet), then a continuous minimum flow of 
0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per second) 
shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar 
River at the International Boundary during the succeeding 
period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery 
of 0.057 cubic metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per 
second) shall then be maintained from September 1st through 
to May 31st of the following year. In addition, a volume 
of 617 cubic decametres (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered 
to the United States upon demand at any time during the 12 
month period commencing June 1st. 

iv) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar, as 
determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the 
immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period exceeds 
14,800 cubic decametres (12,000 acre-feet) then a con- 
tinuous minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 
cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United 
States on the East Poplar River at the International 
Boundary during the suceeding period June 1st through 
August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic metres per 
second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be maintained 
from September 1st through to May 31st of the following 
year. In addition, a volume of 1,230 cubic decametres 
(1,000 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States 
upon demand at any time during the 12-month period com- 
mencing June 1st. 

c) The natural flow at the International Boundary in each of the 
remaining individual tributaries shall not be depleted by more 
than 60 percent of its natural flow. 

3. The natural flow and division periods for apportionment purposes 
shall be determined, unless otherwise specified, for periods of 
time commensurate with the uses and requirements of both countries. 

-3- 



ANNEX 5 



METRIC CONVERSIONS 



- 1 - 



METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS 

ac =• 4,047 m2 = 0.4047 ha 

ac-ft - 1,233.5 m^ - 1.2335 dam^ 

C - 1.8 F* 

CO = 0.3937 in. 

cm^ > 0.155 in^ 

daa^ - 1,000 m^ - 0.8107 ac-ft 

ft^ - 28.3171 X 10~V 

ha » 10,000 m2 - 2.471 ac 

hm - 100 m » 328.08 ft 

hm^ - 1 X 10^ m^ 

I.gpm . = 0.0758 L/s 

in =« 2.54 cm 

kg =« 2.20462 lb = 1.1 X 10"^ tons 

km = 0.62137 miles 

ka2 = 0.3861 mi^ 

L » 0.3532 ft3 - 0.21997 I. gal - 0.26420 U.S. gal 

L/s - 0.035 cfs - 13.193 I.gpm » 15.848 U.S. gpm 

o - 3.2808 ft 

m^ - 10.7636 ft^ 

V? » 1,000 L » 35.3144 ft^ - 219.97 I. gal - 264.2 U.S. gal 

m^/s - 35.314 cfs 

mo = 0.00328 ft 

tonne = 1,000 kg « 1.1023 ton (short) 

U.S. gpm = 0.0631 L/s 

For Air Samples 

ppm » 100 pphm = 1000 X (Molecular Weight of 3ubstance/24.45) mg/m^ 

- 2 -