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iii 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... iv 

LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................................................................... v 

NOMENCLATURE ..................................................................................................................... vii 

SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................... 1 

INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1 

TEST FACILITY AND TEST HARDWARE ............................................................................... 2 

NFAC Wind Tunnel and 1/50th-Scale Model ............................................................................. 2 

Blower ......................................................................................................................................... 3 

Cobra Probes ............................................................................................................................... 4 

Alnor Probe ................................................................................................................................. 4 

Blockage ...................................................................................................................................... 5 

TEST PROCEDURE ...................................................................................................................... 5 

RESULTS ....................................................................................................................................... 6 

DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................................. 8 

CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................... 11 

FUTURE WORK .......................................................................................................................... 12 

REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 12 

APPENDIX A—INSTRUMENTATION SPECIFICATIONS ................................................... A1 

APPENDIX B—PHOTO SUMMARY OF 2D TESTING .......................................................... B1 

APPENDIX C—VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS ..................................................................... C1 

APPENDIX D—TURBULENCE DATA ................................................................................... D1 

APPENDIX E—PHOTO SUMMARY OF UPWIND BUILDINGS TESTING ......................... E1 
iv 

LIST OF FIGURES 

Figure 1. 1/50th-scale model of the NFAC 40 x 80 x 120 as tested in 1976. ................................ 14 

Figure 2. 1/50th-scale model of the NFAC 40 x 80 x 120 in the 40- by 80-Foot Wind 

Tunnel for testing in 1976. .................................................................................................. 14 

Figure 3. 1/50th-scale 80 x 120 leg installed inside full-scale 80- x 120-Foot Wind Tunnel. .... 15 

Figure 4. 1/50th-scale model of 80 x 120 inlet (no inlet treatment) with box beam in front 

of inlet. ........................................................................................................................ 15 

Figure 5. D/47 vane axial fan from Chicago Blower Corporation attached to rear of 

1/50th-scale model. ..................................................................................................... 16 

Figure 6. 1/50th-scale model of 80 x 120 leg with blockage positioned 4 feet in front 

of inlet. ........................................................................................................................ 16 

Figure 7. Cobra probe in test section of 1/50th-scale model. ..................................................... 17 

Figure 8. Cobra probe mounted at centerline of 1/50th-scale model inlet. ................................ 17 

Figure 9. Cobra probe face with labeled velocity components. ................................................. 18 

Figure 10. Alnor probe face and sensor. ...................................................................................... 18 

Figure 11. Alnor probe held by Jillian Yuricich. ......................................................................... 18 

Figure 12. Box beam used to simulate blockage in front of inlet. ............................................... 19 

Figure 13. Computer station located adjacent to 1/50th-scale model. ......................................... 19 

Figure 14. Relative turbulence intensity measurements at inlet centerline (analysis of single 

2-minute record). ......................................................................................................... 20 

Figure 15. Relative turbulence intensity measurements at inlet (analysis of twelve 

10-second records). ..................................................................................................... 21 

Figure 16. Relative turbulence intensity measurements at inlet centerline with 95-percent 

confidence intervals. ................................................................................................... 22 

Figure 17. Run 333 measurements of total velocity. .................................................................... 23 

Figure 18. Run 334 measurements of total velocity. .................................................................... 24 

Figure 19. Run 334 waveform and spectra. .................................................................................. 25 

Figure 20. Run 341 measurements of total velocity. .................................................................... 26 

Figure 21. Run 351 measurements of total velocity. .................................................................... 27 
v 

LIST OF TABLES 

Table 1. Blower calibration. ......................................................................................................... 13

Table 2. Run table. ........................................................................................................................ 13 
vi 
vii 

NOMENCLATURE 

 relative turbulence intensity in x-direction, u / (%) 

 relative turbulence intensity in y-direction, v / (%) 

 relative turbulence intensity in z-direction, w / (%) 

 total relative turbulence intensity, vel / (%) 

 velocity components in the x, y and z directions (m/s) 

 mean velocity components in x, y and z directions (m/s) 

 instantaneous total velocity, (m/s) 

 average total velocity (m/s) 

 distance between front face of inlet bell-mouth and upstream blockage (ft) 

 rms fluctuation in x-component of velocity (m/s) 

 rms fluctuation in y-component of velocity (m/s)

 rms fluctuation in z-component of velocity (m/s) 

 rms fluctuation in total velocity (m/s) 

CFM cubic feet per minute 

NFAC National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex 

40 x 80 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel 

80 x 120 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel 

40 x 80 x 120 40- by 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel Complex 
viii 
1 

TURBULENCE INTENSITY AT INLET OF 80- BY 120-FOOT WIND 

TUNNEL CAUSED BY UPWIND BLOCKAGE 

Denise Salazar1 and Jillian Yuricich2

Ames Research Center

SUMMARY 

In order to estimate the magnitude of turbulence in the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics 

Complex (NFAC) 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel (80 x 120) caused by buildings located upwind 

from the 80 x 120 inlet, a 1/50th-scale study was performed that utilized a nominal twodimensional (2D) blockage placed ahead of the inlet. The distance of the blockage ahead of the 

inlet was varied. This report describes velocity measurements made in the plane of the 80 x 120 

model inlet for the case of zero ambient (atmospheric) wind. 

INTRODUCTION

Multiple buildings currently exist upwind from the 80 x 120 inlet, and additional buildings are 

planned for the near future. At the present time, no quantitative information is currently available 

describing the effect on 80 x 120 test section turbulence due to the presence of these structures. 

A study was proposed early in 2013 to measure 80 x 120 inlet (and test section) turbulence, both 

with and without upwind buildings and with and without ambient wind, using a 1/50th-scale 

model of the 80 x 120 installed on the turntable of the full-scale 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel. 

Scale models of both existing and proposed buildings were constructed out of foam-core posterboard. These were placed on the floor of the NFAC test section at the required distance and 

orientation relative to the model inlet and tested either alone, or in combinations. This study is 

documented in reference 1. 

This report describes a secondary study that was carried out later in 2013 in order to document 

the 80 x 120 inlet turbulence levels associated with an essentially “two-dimensional” building 

positioned directly ahead of the 80 x 120 inlet. A model building height of 1 foot was selected 

for the study, corresponding to 50 feet at full-scale. Since the building was directly ahead of the 

inlet and nominally two-dimensional, testing would yield a “worst-case” scenario for the 

expected turbulence. Importantly, it was hoped that such a building would no longer be 

detectable once the distance between the inlet and the building exceeded some critical yet finite 

distance. This would be a very meaningful result for selecting locations for future buildings. 

 

1

 Universities Space Research Association, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712. 

2

 Universities Space Research Association, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210.
2 

TEST FACILITY AND TEST HARDWARE

NFAC Wind Tunnel and 1/50th-Scale Model 

Even at 1/50th-scale, the size of the 40 x 80 x 120 complex is significant. Outside “atmospheric” 

testing was considered, but quickly eliminated from consideration as this would place testing at 

the vagaries of the atmospheric wind. Clearly it would be advantageous to test in a controlled 

wind environment (including the case of zero ambient wind velocity). 

The NFAC 80 x 120 test-section was selected as optimal for testing. The 1/50th-scale model can 

be mounted on the NFAC turntable and the NFAC fan drive used to provide the desired ambient 

wind speed, with turntable rotation providing the desired oncoming wind direction relative to the 

model inlet. Zero ambient wind can be obtained by closing NFAC Vane Set 4, thereby closing 

the duct downstream from the NFAC test section and eliminating the possibility of any net flow 

through the NFAC test section. Recirculation would always be present, by necessity, and this 

would act as a minimum level of ambient wind that could be tested for the current test 

configuration. The physical size of the NFAC test section fortunately minimizes any 

recirculation velocities. 

Use of a ground plane to raise the model out of the NFAC test section boundary layer was 

considered. A thick boundary layer on the NFAC 80 x 120 test section floor is more 

representative of the atmospheric boundary layer that is ingested into the full-scale inlet than a 

thin boundary layer that would grow on a ground plane. In addition, since the goal of the study 

was to investigate the effects of upwind buildings at significant upwind distances, these upwind 

structures would also have to be on the same ground plane, implying a ground plane of enormous 

size. Fortunately, it was deemed unnecessary to mount the 1/50th-scale model on a raised ground 

plane. The 1/50th-scale model could be installed directly on top of the NFAC test section floor. 

The complete 1/50th-scale 40 x 80 x 120 model that dates to 1976 is shown in Figure 1. 

References 2 and 3 describe the design study that led to the final selection of inlet geometry, and 

Figure 1 shows the simple egg-crate honeycomb inlet treatment that was used for the 1/50thscale testing at that time. Figure 2 shows the test setup of the 1/50th-scale model in the 40- by 

80-Foot Wind Tunnel in 1976. Additional model-scale studies are described in reference 4. For 

this study, the optimal location for the 1/50th-scale inlet is immediately above the NFAC 80 x 

120 turntable axis in order to eliminate any sideways motion of the model inlet associated with 

turntable rotation. Unfortunately, the footprint of the 1/50th-scale 40 x 80 x 120 model is so large 

that it is not possible to fit the model on the NFAC 80 x 120 turntable if the model inlet is 

required to be above the turntable axis. This is a complication of testing with the complete 40 x 

80 x 120 circuit. 

In the interest of keeping the cost down and making the test more efficient, it was decided that 

the 40 x 80 circuit components could be completely eliminated without compromising the 

planned measurements. The plan was modified to simply test the 80 x 120 leg at 1/50th-scale. 

The 1976 model 80 x 120 leg had S-shaped sidewalls to the inlet contraction and an egg-crate 

inlet. The six electric motors used to power the model in 1976 were insufficient at that time to 

reach the design speed of 100 knots in the test section and were high risk for any further testing 
3 

due to age and disuse. Instead, an alternative approach was suggested that used a spare NFAC 

motor cooling fan as the power plant for the model 80 x 120 wind tunnel. 

Modeling of the 80 x 120 was thereby reduced to the original bell-mouth inlet, contraction cone 

modified for straight sidewalls, new inlet treatment to represent the vertical inlet guide vanes, 

horizontal splitters and both leading edge and trailing edge screens instead of the original eggcrate honeycomb, the original test section, and a new transition (diffuser) section between the 

test section and blower. The proposed installation is shown in Figure 3. 

This report covers testing of the 1/50th-scale model of the 80 x 120 without any inlet treatment 

as shown in Figure 4. Because of the lack of inlet guide vanes, splitters, and screens on the 

1/50th-scale model, the measurements in the test section are invalid for interpretation due to lack 

of geometric similarity between the two scales. No turbulence measurements were made in the 

test section due to this lack of geometric similarity. While testing could have been postponed 

until the installation of the model inlet hardware, it was deemed that design, fabrication, and 

installation of the additional hardware would delay initial findings and insights into the potential 

issues to be uncovered. Consideration was also given to the future use of computational fluid 

dynamics (CFD) modeling to simulate the 1/50th-scale model 2D testing. Because of the 

geometric complexity of the inlet treatment, significant effort would be required to accurately 

model the inlet guide vanes, splitters, and screens, and could lead to modeling issues. 

Blower 

The blower was a D/47 vane axial fan from Chicago Blower Corporation rated at 40,000 CFM, 

satisfying the requirement for a maximum speed of 100 knots in the test section. In Figure 5 the 

blower is shown mounted in a cradle that aligns the longitudinal axis of the blower with the 

centerline of the test section. 

The 47-inch blower diameter necessitated a transition section be built between the original test 

section and the blower inlet, keeping the diffuser angles small so as to prevent diffuser stall. This 

resulted in a relatively long transition section as shown in Figure 6. In addition, the blower was 

partially submerged beneath the test section floor in order to align the longitudinal axis of the 

blower with the 1/50th-scale test section centerline such that the inlet rests directly on the NFAC 

test section floor. The actual installation required shims (plywood panels) to be placed on the 

NFAC test section floor beneath the 1/50th-scale inlet. This, in turn, required additional plywood 

panels, of reduced thickness, to be installed upwind to move the discontinuity between the floor 

of the inlet and the NFAC test section floor away from the inlet. To help smooth the transition 

across the various plywood panels, the floor ahead of the inlet was covered by a heavy duty, 

smooth-faced plastic tarp. 

Test section velocity was controlled by using a variable frequency drive for blower speed 

control. Blower calibration data in Table 1 indicates a nearly 1:1 relationship between blower 

frequency in Hz and test section speed in m/s. Maximum speed in the NFAC 80 x 120 test 

section is 100 kts (51.44 m/s). The goal was to acquire turbulence measurements in the 1/50thscale model at both 50 percent and 100 percent of maximum rated test section speed. For 

simplicity, blower frequencies of 25 Hz and 50 Hz were chosen for testing. 
4 

During the blower calibration, the 1/50th-scale test section Cobra probe was seen to saturate 

below 50 Hz so no dependable test section velocities are available corresponding to 50-Hz 

blower frequency. After the blower calibration yet prior to the current investigation, the A/D 

converter range was adjusted to ±10 V from ±5 V, reducing the sensitivity of the transducers but 

eliminating the problem with A/D overvoltage. 

Cobra Probes 

Two Cobra probes were available for velocity measurements in the current study. One was 

mounted on the centerline of the test section; the other was mounted 0.5 inches ahead of the inlet 

plane, defined as the front face of the inlet bell-mouth, on the inlet centerline (Figs. 7 and 8). The 

test section probe was in the wake of the inlet probe used for the measurements in the current 

report, and measurements from the test section probe are therefore not described.

The minimum velocity that a Cobra probe can measure is around 2 m/s (see Appendix A for 

manufacturer’s specifications). For a maximum test section velocity of 100 kts (51.44 m/s) and a 

contraction area ratio of 5, an inlet velocity of 10.3 m/s can be expected. For 50 percent of 

maximum rated test section speed, we can expect an inlet velocity of 5.1 m/s. Both conditions 

are amenable for measurement using a Cobra probe. 

Cobra probe software provided by the manufacturer provides instantaneous simultaneous 

velocity measurements for all three velocity components u, v, and w in the x, y, and z directions 

respectively (Figure 9) with measurement resolution of 0.1 m/s in each component. 

The Cobra probe has several limitations. First, it can only measure flow angles in a ±45-degree 

cone. Instantaneous velocity measurements with flow angle outside of this cone are output as 

null data for each of the three velocity components. This is important for the inlet probe with the 

blockage located close to the inlet. The second limitation of the Cobra probe is the effective 

minimum velocity of 2 m/s, below which the probe is unreliable; this meant that the Cobra probe 

could not measure the induced velocity ahead of the inlet. Also, the maximum and minimum 

A/D converter voltage range must be specified before data collection starts. If the voltage 

saturates during data collection, the Cobra probe software indicates that an “A/D overvoltage has 

occurred,” but there is no indication of precisely when the overvoltage occurred or how often. 

There is no possibility of recovery from such an occurrence. During the blower calibration with 

the A/D converter set to ±5 V for the test section probe, the A/D overvoltage warning was 

received when attempting to achieve 100 kts in the test section. All later tests, including the 2D 

blockage study, were performed with the A/D converter set to ±10 V for both the test section 

probe and the inlet probe. Data from each Cobra probe were collected for two minutes at a 

sampling rate of 1250 Hz. Only the turbulence data from the Cobra probe at the inlet are 

analyzed in this report.

Alnor Probe 

The Cobra probe has a minimum velocity below which it becomes unreliable. In order to 

measure ambient wind speed in the NFAC test section before starting the model blower, and in 

order to measure the induced velocity field ahead of the inlet with the model blower operational, 
5 

a more sensitive instrument was required—one capable of measuring much smaller velocities 

than the lower limit of 2 m/s available from a Cobra probe. 

The Alnor probe satisfied the requirements for such an instrument, capable of measuring from 

zero to 30 m/s with velocity resolution of 0.01 m/s, albeit with a lower accuracy of ±3 percent of 

reading. The Alnor probe is also capable of measuring air temperature and hence provides 

thermally compensated velocity measurements. The manufacturer specifications for the Alnor 

probe can be found in Appendix A. 

The Alnor probe, shown in Figure 10, provides instantaneous measurements of wind speed in the 

plane perpendicular to the axis of the probe, being insensitive to the velocity component parallel 

to the probe axis. The present study used the Alnor probe in a “hand-held” fashion with the probe 

axis vertical, thereby providing a total velocity measurement in the horizontal plane only. 

Current measurements were restricted to a single height of 78 inches above the NFAC 80 x 120 

test-section floor as shown in Figure 11. 

Table 2 provides Alnor measurements of ambient velocity made 67 feet upwind from the inlet on 

the inlet centerline, at a height of 78 inches above the NFAC 80 x 120 test-section floor for 

various blockage conditions. These measurements were always made with the blower turned off. 

For consistency, a single team member made all the Alnor measurements. 

Blockage 

Upwind blockage was simulated using six metal U-shaped channels arranged parallel to the inlet 

face plane. Each channel used in the study was 12 ft x 1 ft x 0.5 ft wide. They were arranged to 

form a blockage of 36 ft x 1 ft x 1 ft as shown in Figure 12. 

Blockage location is defined as the distance between the front face of the inlet bell mouth and the 

near face of the blockage, xb. Typical uncertainty in blockage placement was ±1 inch. 

TEST PROCEDURE

Two-dimensional blockage testing was accomplished during 3.5 hours of testing on the morning 

of 12 September 2013 with only a short 30-minute break between Runs 341 and 342. 

The blockage was initially positioned at a predetermined value of xb upwind from the inlet, 

perpendicular to the inlet centerline. The first run was conducted at a blower frequency of 50 Hz. 

Once the blower operator indicated that the blower was “on condition,” team members inside the 

NFAC test section waited a predetermined amount of time before initiating data acquisition from 

the Cobra probe. This pause prior to data acquisition was to ensure that the wake from the 

upwind blockage had been given sufficient time to reach the inlet plane. Wait times were based 

on an observed smoke convection time of 48 seconds from 28 feet ahead of the inlet for a blower 

frequency of 50 Hz. These Cobra-probe wait times are recorded in Table 2 along with other 

discrete Alnor probe measurements. 
6 

After a measurement was completed at the initial blower frequency of 50 Hz, measurements 

were then repeated at a blower frequency of 25 Hz. As with all such measurements, a pause was 

enforced before acquiring Cobra probe measurements at the new test condition. After completing 

inlet Cobra probe velocity measurements at two test section speeds for the chosen blockage 

location, the blockage was relocated to a new upwind location, and the process was repeated. 

Each run collected data for 2 minutes. 

Cobra probe data collection was monitored at the computer station shown in Figure 13. The 

computer was positioned behind the 1/50th-scale test section, downwind of the inlet, to minimize 

any interference with the testing. Earlier smoke flow visualization experiments indicated that 

smoke released close to the computer station was not entrained into the inlet. 

Ambient temperature measurements were occasionally taken 38.5 feet to the left of the computer 

station when the blower was at idle in order to document any drift in the air temperature. These 

measurements are listed in Table 2 and are identified with an asterisk. Alnor measurements, both 

velocity and temperature, were made based on observation of the hand-held probe display for a 

typical period of at least 20 seconds, or until the values stabilized. Estimated uncertainty in mean 

velocity is ±0.02 m/s. 

Appendix B provides a photographic summary of the 2D blockage study. 

RESULTS

Cobra probe velocity measurements made on the inlet centerline for various upwind blockage 

locations are listed in Appendix C for blower frequencies of both 25 Hz and 50 Hz. Data from 

each run are presented in tables and as plots. Data from Run 327 presented in Appendix C are 

described in detail below. 

Table C1 contains minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation values for the total

velocity measurement in meters per second based on analysis of the full 2-minute data record. 

Blockage location, xb, is listed as 1 ft. With the blockage immediately ahead of the inlet, large 

changes in the instantaneous velocity vector were observed causing the velocity vector to lie 

outside the ±45-degree cone of acceptance. These occurrences were associated with null data 

being recorded. Table C1 indicates that only a small fraction of the measurements were null (612 

out of 150,000). The presence of null data renders the measurements as corrupt, but the data 

were not discarded. The null data were eliminated and statistical information provided for the 

remaining population. Minimum velocity table entries reflect the population remaining after the 

removal of all null data. As such, mean values and standard deviations should be regarded only 

as “indicative” of the average velocity and turbulence level. Similar information is provided for 

the raw velocity components u, v and w. Note that the minimum and maximum values for the 

individual velocity components are only provided to one decimal place, defined by the Cobra 

probe velocity measurement resolution. 

Examination of Appendix C shows that only Cobra probe measurements from runs 327 through 

331 were corrupted by null data caused by large instantaneous flow angles relative to the probe 

measurement axis, this problem being caused by blockage proximity to the probe. 
7 

The 2-minute record described above for Run 327 was split into 12 equal 10-second-duration 

periods, and each 10-second period was examined independently. The results are shown in 

Table C2. Column 4 of Table C2 shows the results of analyzing the 12 mean velocity values, 

indicating an average velocity of 11.977 m/s (in agreement with the mean obtained from the 

2-minute analysis shown in Table C1). Column 4 also shows the standard deviation in the 

10-second-duration average velocity values. Column 5 shows the results of analyzing the 12 

measurements of standard deviation about the 10-second mean velocity measurements. Note that 

the average standard deviation from analysis of the 12 discrete intervals is 0.951 m/s (compared 

with 0.979 m/s from analysis of the single 2-minute-duration record). The 2-minute-duration 

sample is quite long, and can be subject to significant changes in mean velocity (as indicated by 

the individual mean values for each of the 12 intervals). Any change in the mean velocity 

increases the standard deviation (and is then falsely interpreted as turbulence). The effect of drift 

in the mean velocity is minimized by splitting the 2-minute record into 12 equal 10-secondduration intervals and analyzing each interval separately. For this particular run, the mean value 

changes little between 10-second intervals. Hence the standard deviation measurements show 

little change between Tables C1 and C2. Note that the average and standard deviation of column 

6 entries for the twelve 10-second intervals allows computation of 95-percent confidence 

intervals for the measured turbulence level based on a 10-second-duration measurement. 

Table C3 presents measurements for the mean and standard deviation about the mean for all 

three velocity components u, v, and w. Relative turbulence intensity values are also tabulated (for 

comparison with test section measurements to be made at a later date after honeycomb and 

screen are added to the model inlet). 

Figures C1 and C2 show histograms for the total velocity for each 10-second-duration interval. 

These histograms are useful in understanding the amount of drift between intervals and the total 

amount of drift over the 2-minute duration of the measurement. 

The average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity are shown plotted in 

Figure C3(a) based on analysis of both 2-minute and twelve 10-second intervals. Figure C3(b) 

shows similar data for the standard deviation. Note that analysis of the 12 intervals allows 

inclusion of information about the variability in the standard deviation not available from 

analysis of the full 2-minute record in isolation. Finally, Figure C3(c) shows the variation of 

mean velocity with time. Standard deviation limits of ±1 are included to provide an indication of 

the amount of scatter about the mean for each interval. 

Baseline (no blockage) runs 340–343 inclusive are of particular interest as well. Consider Run 

341, a low-velocity run at a blower frequency of 25 Hz. Table C43 indicates that 0.1347 

m/s and 5.6497 m/s resulting in 2.384 percent based on the analysis of the 2-minute 

record. Histograms shown plotted in Figure C43 reveal a significant drift in velocity throughout 

the run. Figure C46 illustrates the change in mean velocity that occurred during the ninth 10-

second interval, and the increased standard deviation associated with that interval. 

Table C44 indicates the benefit of breaking the 2-minute record into 12 equal 10-second intervals 

for analysis, resulting in a more appropriate 1.850 percent. The same can be said for 

analysis of run 343. Analyzing the 10-second intervals instead of the full 2-minute record results 

in much better agreement between the 25- and 50-Hz data for baseline turbulence values. 
8 

DISCUSSION

Variations in the relative turbulence intensity (for the total velocity vector) with distance of the 

blockage upwind from the inlet are shown in Figure 14 for blower frequencies of 25 Hz and 50 

Hz based on analysis of 2-minute intervals of signal. Figure 14 shows poor repeatability in the 

turbulence measurement when the blockage is close to the inlet, as expected, but also for the case 

of zero blockage. Data plotted at xb = 30 feet are runs 340–343 with “zero blockage” and, as 

such, represent an asymptotic value appropriate to xb . Triangular symbols are used to 

identify data where the measurements were contaminated by velocity vectors lying outside the 

±45-degree acceptance cone. 

False contributions to turbulence estimates caused by a slow drift in the mean velocity can be 

eliminated by analyzing shorter records. Figure 15 shows relative turbulence intensity 

measurements for the total velocity vector based on analysis of 12 equal 10-second-duration 

signals. Figure 14 and Figure 15 together demonstrate the success of using the 10-secondinterval analysis to improve the repeatability in the turbulence measurements, especially for the 

zero-blockage case.

Agreement between repeat points at any given blockage location are now much improved, 

especially the zero blockage turbulence measurements. There does not appear to be any 

systematic difference in inlet turbulence measurements with blower frequency when normalized 

by the mean local velocity, as expected. Of particular note is that there does not appear to be any 

meaningful increase in inlet turbulence above the zero-blockage value for blockage xb > 20 feet 

(1,000 feet at full scale). 

Analysis of the 2-minute record in terms of 12 equal intervals of 10-second each not only helps 

remove false contributions to turbulence caused by slow drift in the mean velocity but allows the 

computation of 95-percent-probability estimates for the turbulence level, as shown plotted in 

Figure 16. 

The confidence intervals shown in Figure 16 were calculated using the following equation3

 

where might represent the expected value for the mean relative turbulence intensity from 

analysis of a 10-sec interval, would represent the mean relative turbulence intensity (from 12 

such measurements), s would represent the standard deviation in the 12 measurements of relative 

turbulence intensity and n, the number of samples, would be 12. For a 2-tail confidence level of 

95 percent and a sample size of 12 (11 degrees of freedom) the t value from the student-t 

distribution table is 2.2010.4

Data shown plotted in Figures 14–16 are also tabulated in Appendix D (Tables D1 and D2). 

 

3 http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/dl/free/0072549076/79745/ch07.pdf 

4

 http://growingknowing.com/GKStatsBookStudentTTable.html
9 

Inclusion of the 95-percent confidence intervals in Figure 16 shows that for the blockage close to 

the inlet, repeat measurements may not be from the same population; data did not repeat as well 

as hoped indicating some uncontrollable factor at play. This is not totally unexpected since 

NFAC test-section turbulence values are notoriously difficult to make with acceptable 

repeatability due to the variability of atmospheric turbulence being ingested through the fullscale inlet, with the knowledge that the atmospheric turbulence has a vast range of scales and 

that these are continually changing with time. The same problem appears to affect inlet 

measurements at 1/50th-scale presumably caused by sensitivity to external atmospheric wind 

effects and random recirculation ahead of the inlet. Indeed, the problem is primarily choosing the 

optimal duration for such measurements. Evidently, to achieve acceptable repeatability, a longer 

sample duration is required for xb < 6 feet. 

It is often useful to study the waveform itself, as illustrated in Figure 17 for Run 333. The upper 

plot in Figure 17 shows the result of computing the mean and standard deviation for each of the 

twelve 10-second intervals of Run 333. The mean shows little variation with time (interval 

number) but intervals 5 and 6 show a marked increase in turbulence level. It is evident that the 

increase in turbulence is not due to a moving mean. The lower plot shows a scatter plot of 

velocity measurements within the red box shown in the upper plot. The scatter plot shows what 

appears to be a discrete turbulent burst without any apparent change in local mean value. 

Run 334 presents a different scenario in Figure 18. Two areas of increased turbulent activity are 

highlighted in red in the upper plot. The first scatter plot runs from t = 34 seconds to t = 44 

seconds and shows a slow change in mean velocity that occurs over about 2 or 3 seconds with 

the high-frequency turbulence remaining essentially unchanged. This accounts for the increased 

relative turbulence intensity measured in interval 4. Clearly, a sample duration less than 10 

seconds is needed in order to more completely remove the influence of drift in the mean. The 

second scatter plot runs from t = 60 seconds to t = 80 seconds and shows similar behavior, 

namely a brief excursion in mean velocity while the turbulent amplitude remains unchanged. The 

problem lies in choosing the optimal sample duration for analysis (or pre-filtering the signal to 

remove the low-frequency mean velocity drift). The increase in turbulence level for intervals 4 

and 7 of Run 334 is shown to be artificial and is caused by low-frequency drift in the mean 

velocity. 

Of note in Figure 18 are the areas in the scatter plot that show “banding” identified by green 

boxes. These areas do not appear to be totally random in character and show some form of 

organized structure that requires further study. This “banding” was only observed for runs at 

50 Hz.

Figure 19(a) shows the total velocity waveform from Run 334 for a region of banding from 

t = 62.0 to 62.1 seconds and appears to indicate a dominant frequency of about 220 Hz. Two 

spectra computed from the data of Figure 18 are also included. Figures 19(b) and 19(c) show the 

turbulent spectrum for two distinct time periods in Run 334. In each case, the signal duration of 

the spectral analysis is limited to only 4,096 samples (4,096/1,250 = 3.2678 sec). The two 

spectra both show a significant response at about 220 Hz. The turbulent spectrum for Run 334 

could have been improved by repeating the analysis on successive samples throughout the length 

of the 2-minute record and summing the result, but this was deemed unnecessary for the 

purposes of this study. Of special note is that the two spectra refer to specific time intervals in 
10 

Figure 18 where banding is either present or not in the waveform, yet the spectra are quite 

similar. 

Run 341 (Figure 20) also offers an interesting scenario similar to the one shown in Figure 18. 

The upper plot of Figure 20 shows a uniformly low turbulence level throughout the full 2-minute 

record apart from interval 9. Interval 9 shows an increased turbulence level and an increase in 

mean velocity relative to intervals on either side. The associated scatter plot confirms 

observations in the upper plot, showing both a slow drift in mean velocity plus meaningful 

changes in the amplitude of the turbulent fluctuations. 

Similar data from Run 351 are shown in Figure 21 illustrating an apparent quiescent flow with 

low turbulence and constant mean velocity with occasional short turbulent bursts. The increased 

turbulence measurement from interval 8 is therefore real, although the origin of the turbulent 

bursts is not identified. 

Returning to the intermittent periodicity observed in the total velocity time history for 50 Hz (not 

observed for 25 Hz) illustrated in Figure 19, the contribution of this periodic signal to the 

measured turbulence level is expected to be small based on the agreement between turbulence 

measurements made at both 25 Hz and 50 Hz (Figure 16). It is still worthwhile to investigate the 

source of this periodic signal, and several possibilities exist: 

i. Vortex shedding from upwind blockage. 

A spectral analysis of the Cobra probe signal indicated a spectral peak at 200 Hz 

for blower speeds of 25 Hz and 50 Hz with no blockage present. Clearly vortex 

shedding from upwind blockage is not the cause. 

ii. Forced vibration of the Cobra probe at the Strouhal shedding frequency of the 

probe support, where bluff-body aerodynamics would indicate that the Strouhal 

Number (S) remains constant, independent of Reynolds Number. 

or 

This implies that shedding frequency is proportional to the local free-stream 

velocity (or, in this case, blower frequency). A spectral peak was observed at 

200 Hz for no blockage, independent of blower speed. Hence, forced vibration of 

the Cobra probe at the Strouhal frequency can be ruled out. 

iii. Probe vibration at natural frequency of probe support. 

If the probe is modeled as a cantilevered beam, the first natural frequency occurs 

at 
11 

where I is the moment of inertia of the beam cross section, E is Young’s Modulus 

for the beam material, m is the mass per unit length of the beam, and L is the 

length of the beam. This implies: 

 

or, if is twice then should be 4 . 

Examination of Cobra probe signals obtained during an inlet-plane survey 

(unsupported probe length of 8 to 27 inches) revealed no dependence of spectral 

peak location on probe length. It is therefore unlikely that the source of the 

periodic signal content is due to probe support vibration. 

iv. Vibration of the Cobra probe caused by blower vibration or inlet structure 

vibration. 

v. Electro-magnetic interference between blower motor and the Cobra probe 

electronics/data acquisition system. 

Items (iv) and (v) were not investigated due to lack of time. They must be investigated prior to 

the planned test section turbulence measurements in order to eliminate, or at worst mitigate, the 

periodicity in the Cobra probe signal.

CONCLUSIONS

Evaluation of turbulence intensity based on the twelve 10-second-duration intervals improved 

repeatability in the measurements of turbulence over the analysis of the single, unbroken 

2-minute-duration signal. In general, this is attributed to successful removal of the effects of a 

slow drift in the mean velocity. 

At model scale, no meaningful change in inlet centerline turbulence level was caused by 

blockage for xb > 20 ft for the case of zero ambient wind. This conclusion is likely valid at fullscale for quiescent atmospheric conditions (late evening through early morning) for a building 

height of 50 feet located more than 1000 feet upwind of the inlet. 
12 

FUTURE WORK

Similar model-scale turbulence measurements are planned for the test section centerline with the 

same 2D blockage, both with and without ambient wind, once the inlet screens and honeycomb, 

correctly modeling the existing full-scale inlet, are in place. 

The prior investigation of the effect of current upwind buildings and planned future buildings in 

the inlet turbulence (briefly described in Appendix E) will be extended in order to make 

equivalent test-section turbulence measurements once inlet screens and honeycomb are installed. 

REFERENCES 

1. Oaks, B.: Aerodynamic Characteristics of the 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel. NASA Ames 

Research Center, 2013. 

2. Eckert, W. T. and Mort, K. W.: Earth Winds, Flow Quality, and the Minimum-Protection 

Inlet Treatment for the NASA Ames 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel Nonreturn Circuit. 

NASA TM 78600, 1979. 

3. Eckert, W. T. and Mort, K. W.: Wind vs. Wind Tunnel: The Aerodynamics of the Inlet for 

NASA’s New, Very Large, Nonreturn-Flow Facility. 1982. 

4. Schmidt, G.; Rossow, V.; Van Aken, J.; and Parrish, C.: One-Fiftieth Scale Model Studies of 

40- by 80-Foot and 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel Complex at NASA Ames Research 

Center. NASA TM 89405, 1987. 

14 

Figure 1. 1/50th-scale model of the NFAC 40 x 80 x 120 as tested in 1976. 

Figure 2. 1/50th-scale model of the NFAC 40 x 80 x 120 in the 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel for 

testing in 1976. 
15 

Figure 3. 1/50th-scale 80 x 120 leg installed inside full-scale 80- x 120-Foot Wind Tunnel. 

Figure 4. 1/50th-scale model of 80 x 120 inlet (no inlet treatment) with box beam 

in front of inlet. 
16 

Figure 5. D/47 vane axial fan from Chicago Blower Corporation attached to rear of 

1/50th-scale model. 

Figure 6. 1/50th-scale model of 80 x 120 leg with blockage positioned 4 feet in front of inlet. 
17 

Figure 7. Cobra probe in test section of 1/50th-scale model. 

Figure 8. Cobra probe mounted at centerline of 1/50th-scale model inlet. 
18 

Figure 9. Cobra probe face with labeled velocity components. 

Figure 10. Alnor probe face and sensor. 

Figure 11. Alnor probe held by Jillian Yuricich. 
19 

Figure 12. Box beam used to simulate blockage in front of inlet. 

Figure 13. Computer station located adjacent to 1/50th-scale model. 
20 

Figure 14. Relative turbulence intensity measurements at inlet centerline (analysis of single 

2-minute record). 

No blockage case 
21 

Figure 15. Relative turbulence intensity measurements at inlet (analysis of twelve 

10-second records). 

No blockage case 
22 

Figure 16. Relative turbulence intensity measurements at inlet centerline with 95-percent 

confidence intervals. 

No blockage case 
23 

a) Run 333 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

b) Run 333 time history for 36 to 76 seconds. 

Figure 17. Run 333 measurements of total velocity. 
24 

a) Run 334 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

b) Run 334 time histories for 34 to 44 seconds and 60 to 80 seconds. 

Figure 18. Run 334 measurements of total velocity. 
25 

a) Run 334 waveform from 62 < t < 62.1 seconds. 

b) Run 334 spectrum for 60.000 to 63.276 seconds (banding present). 

c) Run 334 spectrum for 76.000 to 79.276 seconds (banding not evident).

Figure 19. Run 334 waveform and spectra. 
26 

a) Run 341 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

b) Run 341 time history for 75 to 95 seconds. 

Figure 20. Run 341 measurements of total velocity.
27 

a) Run 351 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

b) Run 351 time history for 67 to 83 seconds. 

Figure 21. Run 351 measurements of total velocity. 
28 
A1

APPENDIX A—INSTRUMENTATION SPECIFICATIONS 

Specifications for Alnor AVM440 probe:1

• Velocity range: 0 to 30 m/s 

• Velocity resolution: 0.01 m/s 

• Velocity accuracy: ±3% of reading in the range 0.15 m/s to 30 m/s 

• Temperature range: 14 to 140F (5 to 60C) 

• Temperature resolution: 0.1F (0.1C) 

• Temperature accuracy: ±0.5F (±0.3C) 

Specifications for Series 100 Cobra probe:2

• Cobra probe length: approximately 160 mm 

• Cobra probe maximum diameter: 14 mm 

• Measures flow angles within ±45 cone 

• Velocity range: 2 to 100 m/s 

• Velocity resolution: 0.1 m/s in u, v, and w components 

• Velocity typically accurate to ±0.5 m/s 

• Pitch and yaw typically accurate to ±1.0

 

1 Turbulent Flow Instrumentation (TFI), Air Velocity Meter, Alnor Model AVM440/AVM440A, AIRFLOW Model TA440/ 

TA440A, Operation and Service Manual. TSI Alnor from TSI Incorporated at 500 Cardigan Road, Shoreview, MN, 55126 USA. 

TSI AIRFLOW instruments from TSI Instruments Ltd., Stirling Road, Cressex Business Park, High Wycombe, Bucks, HP12 

3RT United Kingdom. 

2 Getting Started: Series 100 Cobra Probe (v3.7). Turbulent Flow Instrumentation Pty Ltd.
A2 
B1

APPENDIX B—PHOTO SUMMARY OF 2D TESTING 

a) Runs 327–328 (1 foot between blockage and inlet).

Figures B1 and B2 show side view and front view of installation with the blockage 

1 foot ahead of the inlet. The blockage is comprised of three identical sections, each 12-feet long. 

Each section is constructed from a pair of sheet metal C-channels positioned so as to form a 

closed box-beam of cross-section 1 foot x 1 foot. No attempt was made to seal any gaps between 

sections or along the upper surface of the box beam. 

Figure B1. Side view of blockage 1 foot upstream from inlet (runs 327, 328). 
B2 

Figure B2. View looking towards inlet (runs 327, 328). 
B3

b) Runs 329–331 (2 feet between blockage and inlet).

Figure B3 shows that the port side box beam does not sit flush with the floor, due 

to the plywood panels immediately ahead of the inlet. The same is true for the starboard 

box beam. The plywood panels ahead of the inlet also cause a mismatch between the 

central section and the two outer sections of the box beam blockage. Figure B4 shows the 

blockage 2 feet ahead of the inlet. 

Figure B3. Outer sections of blockage are not flush with the floor (runs 329–331). 

Figure B4. Side-view showing open gap in top of blockage (runs 329–331). 
B4 

c) Runs 332–333 (4 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Figure B5 corresponds to runs 332 and 333 in which the box beam was 4 feet away from 

the model inlet. Figure B5 illustrates the use of tape to mitigate the mismatch between inner and 

outer box-beam sections. 

Figure B5. Blockage 4 feet ahead of inlet (runs 332, 333).
B5

d) Runs 334–335 (8 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Tape was applied to the floor ahead of the inlet to define the inlet centerline and assist in 

blockage placement. Figures B6 and B7 show mismatched sheet metal panels, primarily between 

the central and outboard sections.

Figure B6. Tape on the center and starboard box-beams (runs 334, 335). 

 

Figure B7. Tape on the center and starboard box-beams (runs 334, 335).
B6 

e) Runs 336–337 (12 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Blockage is now sufficiently far ahead of inlet that the plywood panels beneath the tarp 

no longer present a problem. All three sections of the box beam are now flush with the floor. 

Figure B8 shows the use of tape on the floor and middle beams to align the center of the beam 

with the centerline of the inlet 

Figure B8. Blockage 12 feet upwind from inlet (runs 336, 337). 
B7

f) Runs 338–339 (16 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Figure B9. Alignment of box-beam mid-point with inlet centerline tape on floor (runs 338, 339).

Figure B10. Inlet centerline tape on floor with NFAC inlet in background (runs 338, 339). 
B8 

g) Runs 340–343 (no blockage). 

Figure B11 shows the model inlet with no upwind blockage. The “bump” in the tarp close 

to the inlet can easily be identified with the plywood panels that surround the inlet. 

Figure B11. Model inlet with no upwind blockage (340–343).
B9

h) Runs 344–345 (20 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Note that the blockage is far enough ahead of the model inlet that it is no longer sitting on 

top of the tarp as can be seen in Figure B12. 

Figure B12. Blockage 20 feet upwind from inlet (runs 344, 345). 

i) Runs 346–347 (12 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Figure B13. A section of the box-beam (runs 346, 347).
B10 

j) Runs 348–349 (8 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Figure B14. Box-beam 8 feet upwind from the inlet (runs 348, 349). 

Figure B15. Base of box-beam not flush with floor (runs 348, 349). 
B11

k) Runs 350–351 (4 feet between blockage and inlet). 

Figure B16. Base of box-beam not flush with floor (runs 350, 351). 
B12 
C1

APPENDIX C—VELOCITY MEASUREMENTS 

Run 327 

Blockage Location: xb = 1 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 7:26 AM 

Cobra probe measurements contain samples where the instantaneous flow direction exceeded the 

acceptance angle of ±45°. Such measurements were automatically set to zero by probe software. All 

statistics and plots generated for this run use the non-zero data. Cobra probe software warning for A/D 

overvoltage also occurred during data acquisition. 

Table C1. Run 327 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

 Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

Total Vel 3.0083 24.4000 11.9776 0.9794 612 0.41% 

u 2.3 21.9 11.5431 0.9802 -- -- 

v -15.2 11.6 -1.3945 1.9413 -- -- 

w -10.2 14.3 -0.8101 1.9616 -- -- 

Table C2. Run 327 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

1 3.0083 22.6924 12.0484 1.1031 9.156 55 0.440 % 

2 4.5794 24.4000 11.9331 1.0909 9.142 35 0.280 % 

3 5.4961 20.6667 12.1862 0.8896 7.300 13 0.104 % 

4 4.4113 21.6116 12.0416 0.8495 7.055 27 0.216 % 

5 5.5676 15.6703 12.0744 0.6528 5.406 1 0.008 % 

6 5.0020 20.4161 12.1514 0.7542 6.207 49 0.392 % 

7 3.9212 22.1286 11.7992 1.1352 9.621 132 1.056 % 

8 5.1660 23.6069 11.6505 1.0183 8.740 113 0.904 % 

9 4.1645 22.2515 11.8234 0.9966 8.429 55 0.440 % 

10 3.8195 19.0951 11.7756 0.8966 7.614 64 0.512 % 

11 4.8438 19.8318 12.2970 0.9107 7.406 16 0.128 % 

12 4.8195 20.5394 11.9447 1.1172 9.353 52 0.416 % 

 Average 11.9771 0.9512 7.952 

 St Dev 0.1908 0.1529 1.335 
C2 

Table C3. Run 327 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 11.5189 -1.9444 -0.9960 1.0698 1.9344 2.0097 9.29 % 16.79 % 17.45 % 

2 11.4779 -1.0756 -0.6374 1.0298 2.2367 2.0546 8.97 % 19.49 % 17.90 % 

3 11.7088 -2.2574 -1.1584 0.8792 1.3682 1.7658 7.51 % 11.68 % 15.08 % 

4 11.6190 -1.9455 -1.3005 0.8806 1.4750 1.5143 7.58 % 12.69 % 13.03 % 

5 11.7668 -1.6792 -1.5579 0.6518 0.9108 1.1220 5.54 % 7.74 % 9.53 % 

6 11.7047 -1.8972 -1.4337 0.8071 1.3888 1.7292 6.90 % 11.87 % 14.77 % 

7 11.3405 -1.0398 -0.2696 1.1256 2.1085 2.2447 9.93 % 18.59 % 19.79 % 

8 11.2949 -0.8134 -0.1177 1.0635 1.8278 2.0125 9.42 % 16.18 % 17.82 % 

9 11.4152 -1.6472 -0.3356 0.9492 1.8411 1.8343 8.32 % 16.13 % 16.07 % 

10 11.4628 -0.1736 -0.4527 1.0139 1.8989 1.7907 8.85 % 16.57 % 15.62 % 

11 11.8397 -1.2600 -1.4815 0.8315 2.2244 1.5648 7.02 % 18.79 % 13.22 % 

12 11.3659 -0.9851 0.0262 1.1505 2.4408 2.5473 10.12 % 21.47 % 22.41 % 
C3 

Figure C1. Histogram for each 10-second interval (xb = 1 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 

100 bins). 

Figure C2. Histogram for each 10-second intervals (xb = 1 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 

25 bins). 
C4 

a) Run 327 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 327 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 327 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C3. Run 327 total velocity measurements. 
C5 

Run 328 

Blockage Location: xb = 1 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 7:30 AM 

Cobra probe measurements contain samples where the instantaneous flow direction exceeded the 

acceptance angle of ±45°. Such measurements were automatically set to zero by probe software. All 

statistics and plots generated for this run use the non-zero data. Cobra probe software warning for A/D 

overvoltage also occurred during data acquisition. 

Table C4. Run 328 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

 Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

Total Vel 2.1120 11.60684 6.2197 0.4276 170 0.11 % 

u 1.55 9.92 5.9647 0.4514 -- -- 

v -5.18 7.78 1.2339 0.7358 -- -- 

w -4.51 5.11 -0.6566 0.7696 -- -- 

Table C5. Run 328 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

1 2.5522 10.0328 6.3416 0.5226 8.241 52 4.16 % 

2 3.8177 10.0136 6.4273 0.3949 6.144 36 2.88 % 

3 2.7502 11.6068 6.2165 0.4159 6.691 16 1.28 % 

4 2.5519 10.0014 6.2901 0.3797 6.037 5 0.40 % 

5 3.0323 8.9198 6.2781 0.3699 5.892 9 0.72 % 

6 3.4242 9.3046 6.2929 0.4017 6.383 12 0.96 % 

7 2.1120 9.7881 6.0555 0.4637 7.657 3 0.24 % 

8 3.1180 9.0652 6.1125 0.4520 7.395 15 1.20 % 

9 2.9438 9.1695 6.1033 0.4299 7.044 8 0.64 % 

10 3.0509 8.9896 6.1758 0.3986 6.454 5 0.40 % 

11 3.3100 8.3806 6.1231 0.3413 5.575 8 0.64 % 

12 3.4904 8.3101 6.2210 0.3692 5.936 1 0.08 % 

 Average 6.2198 0.4116 6.621 

 St Dev 0.1107 0.0495 0.810 
C6 

Table C6. Run 328 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 6.0016 1.4862 -0.8058 0.4665 0.8204 0.8498 7.77 % 13.67 % 14.16 % 

2 6.0702 1.5209 -1.0916 0.3891 0.7159 0.6722 6.41 % 11.79 % 11.07 % 

3 5.9377 1.3212 -0.6241 0.4390 0.7699 0.8013 7.39 % 12.97 % 13.50 % 

4 6.0318 1.2894 -0.7103 0.4122 0.6534 0.7506 6.83 % 10.83 % 12.44 % 

5 5.9924 1.5014 -0.8033 0.4022 0.5066 0.5707 6.71 % 8.45 % 9.52 % 

6 5.9986 1.4345 -0.7765 0.4426 0.6611 0.6967 7.38 % 11.02 % 11.61 % 

7 5.8271 1.0121 -0.2805 0.5246 0.8709 0.8907 9.00 % 14.95 % 15.29 % 

8 5.8182 1.4864 -0.3409 0.5218 0.6648 0.8220 8.97 % 11.43 % 14.13 % 

9 5.8624 1.2825 -0.4254 0.5069 0.6071 0.7851 8.65 % 10.36 % 13.39 % 

10 5.9962 0.9994 -0.6130 0.4359 0.6273 0.6232 7.27 % 10.46 % 10.39 % 

11 6.0177 0.5559 -0.5342 0.3529 0.5766 0.5875 5.86 % 9.58 % 9.76 % 

12 6.0226 0.9192 -0.8744 0.3996 0.5542 0.6996 6.63 % 9.20 % 11.62 % 
C7 

Figure C4. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 1 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C5. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 1 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C8 

a) Run 328 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 328 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 328 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C6. Run 328 total velocity measurements. 
C9 

Run 329 

Blockage Location: xb = 2 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 7:40 AM 

Cobra probe measurements contain samples where the instantaneous flow direction exceeded the 

acceptance angle of ±45°. Such measurements were automatically set to zero by probe software. All 

statistics and plots generated for this run use the non-zero data. Cobra probe software warning for A/D 

overvoltage also occurred during data acquisition. 

Table C7. Run 329 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

Total Vel 5.3638 17.3869 11.3456 0.4745 31 0.02% 

u 4.71 17 10.7628 0.4653 -- -- 

v -6.87 11.8 1.7409 0.7906 -- -- 

w -7.74 8.59 -2.8485 1.0593 -- -- 

Table C8. Run 329 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

1 7.3673 16.7446 11.3519 0.4385 3.862 7 0.56 % 

2 5.3637 15.4338 11.2556 0.7330 6.512 1 0.08 % 

3 8.2906 15.8868 11.3770 0.3957 3.478 0 0.00 % 

4 7.2362 13.8957 11.3463 0.3572 3.148 1 0.08 % 

5 6.4692 15.3564 11.3290 0.4720 4.166 2 0.16 % 

6 5.7359 16.3052 11.2374 0.5869 5.223 4 0.32 % 

7 6.6681 16.3607 11.2481 0.5648 5.021 6 0.48 % 

8 6.9403 15.0597 11.2871 0.4772 4.228 5 0.40 % 

9 10.1828 16.1305 11.4341 0.2986 2.611 2 0.16 % 

10 8.4730 17.3868 11.4713 0.3710 3.234 2 0.16 % 

11 8.1013 16.6168 11.4031 0.4019 3.525 1 0.08 % 

12 8.3604 14.5317 11.4049 0.3478 3.050 0 0.00 % 

 Average 11.3455 0.4537 4.005 

 St Dev 0.0765 0.1230 1.111 
C10 

Table C9. Run 329 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.7732 1.8441 -2.9135 0.4196 0.6778 0.6881 3.89 % 6.29 % 6.39 % 

2 10.7304 1.3433 -2.2359 0.7209 1.2158 1.8123 6.72 % 11.33 % 16.89 % 

3 10.7830 1.6321 -2.9284 0.4030 0.8086 1.1250 3.74 % 7.50 % 10.43 % 

4 10.7757 1.6513 -3.0374 0.3490 0.5065 0.6483 3.24 % 4.70 % 6.02 % 

5 10.7811 1.6031 -2.7737 0.4484 0.6404 1.2099 4.16 % 5.94 % 11.22 % 

6 10.8021 1.7668 -2.1296 0.5726 0.8759 1.0890 5.30 % 8.11 % 10.08 % 

7 10.8038 1.8148 -2.2111 0.5438 0.8861 0.9246 5.03 % 8.20 % 8.56 % 

8 10.8168 1.5717 -2.6059 0.4417 0.7010 0.8217 4.08 % 6.48 % 7.60 % 

9 10.6673 1.8978 -3.5726 0.3462 0.6249 0.4020 3.25 % 5.86 % 3.77 % 

10 10.6924 2.2127 -3.4064 0.3793 0.6617 0.5671 3.55 % 6.19 % 5.30 % 

11 10.7393 1.8408 -3.1883 0.4203 0.7461 0.7578 3.91 % 6.95 % 7.06 % 

12 10.7885 1.7110 -3.1786 0.3674 0.5638 0.5632 3.41 % 5.23 % 5.22 % 
C11 

Figure C7. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 2 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C8. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 2 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C12 

a) Run 329 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 329 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 329 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C9. Run 329 total velocity measurements. 
C13 

Run 330 

Blockage Location: xb = 2 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 7:43 AM 

Cobra probe measurements contain samples where the instantaneous flow direction exceeded the 

acceptance angle of ±45°. Such measurements were automatically set to zero by probe software. All 

statistics and plots generated for this run use the non-zero data. Cobra probe software warning for A/D 

overvoltage also occurred during data acquisition. 

Table C10. Run 330 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

Total Vel 4.1308 19.6851 11.4110 0.6599 49 0.03 % 

u 3.62 17.7 10.7892 0.6575 -- -- 

v -5.78 11.7 2.0974 1.2066 -- -- 

w -8.46 7.74 -2.4394 1.4146 -- -- 

Table C11. Run 330 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

1 4.8489 16.3667 11.2304 0.9911 8.825 18 1.44 % 

2 6.1632 16.8181 11.5349 0.5548 4.810 1 0.08 % 

3 7.7841 17.3358 11.5935 0.4848 4.181 8 0.64 % 

4 5.8991 16.4800 11.3922 0.7056 6.193 2 0.16 % 

5 6.8964 16.6137 11.6508 0.5932 5.091 4 0.32 % 

6 4.1308 18.6402 11.4884 0.7011 6.103 2 0.16 % 

7 5.9503 18.1242 11.4630 0.6896 6.016 7 0.56 % 

8 4.8354 14.3315 11.3823 0.4212 3.700 0 0.00 % 

9 6.6611 15.8333 11.2254 0.6371 5.675 0 0.00 % 

10 4.8736 16.6281 11.2821 0.7015 6.218 5 0.40 % 

11 5.5787 19.6850 11.2307 0.5547 4.939 1 0.08 % 

12 5.9496 15.3825 11.4577 0.5170 4.512 1 0.08 % 

 Average 11.4110 0.6293 5.522 

 St Dev 0.1459 0.1477 1.335 
C14 

Table C12. Run 330 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.7777 1.7232 -1.1432 1.0160 1.5959 1.7585 9.43 % 14.81 % 16.32 % 

2 10.7378 2.6856 -2.9036 0.5588 0.9011 1.1380 5.20 % 8.39 % 10.60 % 

3 10.5964 3.0129 -3.4069 0.4963 0.7934 0.8957 4.68 % 7.49 % 8.45 % 

4 10.8267 2.5725 -1.7948 0.7151 0.9242 1.3642 6.60 % 8.54 % 12.60 % 

5 10.8642 2.8185 -2.7854 0.5726 0.9451 1.0667 5.27 % 8.70 % 9.82 % 

6 10.7779 2.2817 -2.6403 0.7223 1.0377 1.5925 6.70 % 9.63 % 14.78 % 

7 10.7360 2.5652 -2.3620 0.7690 1.0960 1.6318 7.16 % 10.21 % 15.20 % 

8 10.7517 1.6548 -3.0252 0.5097 0.7499 1.1925 4.74 % 6.97 % 11.09 % 

9 10.8521 0.9894 -2.1193 0.5700 1.2481 1.1382 5.25 % 11.50 % 10.49 % 

10 10.8679 1.6902 -1.9226 0.6876 1.0400 1.2492 6.33 % 9.57 % 11.49 % 

11 10.8299 1.2159 -2.3590 0.5214 0.8914 1.0204 4.81 % 8.23 % 9.42 % 

12 10.8519 1.9600 -2.8093 0.5003 0.8698 1.0223 4.61 % 8.02 % 9.42 % 
C15 

Figure C10. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 2 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C11. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 2 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C16 

a) Run 330 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 330 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 330 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C12. Run 330 total velocity measurements. 
C17 

Run 331 

Blockage Location: xb = 2 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 7:26 AM 

Cobra probe measurements contain samples where the instantaneous flow direction exceeded the 

acceptance angle of ±45°. Such measurements were automatically set to zero by probe software. All 

statistics and plots generated for this run use the non-zero data. Cobra probe software warning for A/D 

overvoltage also occurred during data acquisition. 

Table C13. Run 331 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

 Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

Total Vel 2.5319 9.7413 5.8343 0.3644 99 0.07 % 

u 1.8 9.7 5.5903 0.3680 -- -- 

v -2.88 5.87 0.6387 0.7806 -- -- 

w -4.91 5.2 -1.0640 0.7974 -- -- 

Table C14. Run 331 total velocity data for each10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) # Zero Values % Zero Values 

1 3.2659 7.6675 5.6940 0.3469 6.093 0 0.00 % 

2 3.1865 8.7227 5.8045 0.3903 6.725 8 0.64 % 

3 2.8761 8.7144 5.8985 0.4095 6.942 0 0.00 % 

4 2.5420 9.7412 5.9553 0.6283 10.551 86 6.88 % 

5 3.3321 8.5548 5.9495 0.2627 4.416 0 0.00 % 

6 2.5319 8.9616 5.9183 0.4227 7.143 2 0.16 % 

7 2.7074 7.9705 5.7295 0.3342 5.833 0 0.00 % 

8 2.7745 7.8251 5.7648 0.3001 5.206 1 0.08 % 

9 3.4395 6.7978 5.7761 0.2187 3.787 0 0.00 % 

10 4.6706 6.5696 5.7499 0.1655 2.878 0 0.00 % 

11 3.5317 8.0590 5.9290 0.2312 3.900 0 0.00 % 

12 3.2601 7.6733 5.8422 0.2948 5.046 2 0.16 % 

 Average 5.8343 0.3337 5.710 

 St Dev 0.0929 0.1219 2.035 
C18 

Table C15. Run 331 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.5044 0.1116 -1.0803 0.3414 0.6431 0.7305 6.20 % 11.68 % 13.27 % 

2 5.5328 0.9590 -1.0214 0.4105 0.7134 0.7703 7.42 % 12.89 % 13.92 % 

3 5.6365 0.9371 -1.0072 0.4142 0.6195 0.8622 7.35 % 10.99 % 15.30 % 

4 5.5724 1.2866 -0.4418 0.6819 0.8923 1.3029 12.24 % 16.01 % 23.38 % 

5 5.5457 1.3600 -1.4415 0.2594 0.5751 0.6210 4.68 % 10.37 % 11.20 % 

6 5.6064 1.1505 -0.9783 0.4193 0.7700 0.8508 7.48 % 13.73 % 15.18 % 

7 5.6029 0.1006 -0.8239 0.3351 0.6506 0.5683 5.98 % 11.61 % 10.14 % 

8 5.6043 0.2398 -0.8593 0.3051 0.6781 0.7529 5.44 % 12.10 % 13.43 % 

9 5.6011 0.1726 -1.2114 0.2212 0.3931 0.5820 3.95 % 7.02 % 10.39 % 

10 5.5148 0.0595 -1.5110 0.1848 0.3223 0.5014 3.35 % 5.84 % 9.09 % 

11 5.7254 0.7403 -1.1905 0.2200 0.4313 0.4768 3.84 % 7.53 % 8.33 % 

12 5.6363 0.5507 -1.1970 0.2894 0.5207 0.5998 5.13 % 9.24 % 10.64 % 
C19 

Figure C13. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 2 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C14. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 2 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C20 

a) Run 331 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 331 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 331 average velocity from each 10-second interval 

Figure C15. Run 331 total velocity measurements. 
C21 

Run 332 

Blockage Location: xb = 4 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 7:59 AM 

Table C16. Run 332 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 6.7743 15.8523 10.9082 0.3818 

u 6.51 14.9 10.6264 0.3701 

v -6.28 4.78 -0.0065 0.6871 

w -5.14 5.48 -2.0232 1.2294 

Table C17. Run 332 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 7.5326 15.8523 10.8830 0.4473 4.110 

2 7.7559 13.1210 10.7619 0.4059 3.772 

3 6.8751 14.6562 10.7250 0.6054 5.645 

4 7.0035 12.9512 10.7827 0.4078 3.782 

5 6.7742 14.1109 10.7667 0.5625 5.224 

6 8.8513 12.5136 10.9308 0.3174 2.904 

7 9.3392 12.6105 11.1031 0.2963 2.668 

8 10.2484 11.7753 11.0637 0.1876 1.695 

9 10.2400 11.6513 10.9936 0.1836 1.670 

10 10.1663 11.6874 10.9813 0.1898 1.728 

11 10.1786 11.8807 10.9690 0.1921 1.752 

12 10.1897 11.5963 10.9367 0.1841 1.683 

 Average 10.9081 0.3316 3.053 

 St Dev 0.1247 0.1474 1.441 

Table C18. Run 332 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.7480 -0.2543 -1.2090 0.4350 0.7286 0.9358 4.05 % 6.78 % 8.71 % 

2 10.6345 -0.4685 -1.1493 0.4006 0.6804 0.8538 3.77 % 6.40 % 8.03 % 

3 10.6084 0.1507 -0.4031 0.6090 1.0308 1.1121 5.74 % 9.72 % 10.48 % 

4 10.6046 0.4080 -1.4921 0.3943 0.7895 0.8969 3.72 % 7.44 % 8.46 % 

5 10.6434 -0.2429 -0.9847 0.5622 0.8314 0.9599 5.28 % 7.81 % 9.02 % 

6 10.6532 0.3336 -2.2172 0.2746 0.4465 0.8889 2.58 % 4.19 % 8.34 % 

7 10.6005 -0.2279 -3.0510 0.3495 0.4784 1.1339 3.30 % 4.51 % 10.70 % 

8 10.4811 -0.4290 -3.4901 0.1943 0.2851 0.3236 1.85 % 2.72 % 3.09 % 

9 10.5399 -0.2468 -3.0701 0.1857 0.3677 0.3855 1.76 % 3.49 % 3.66 % 

10 10.6025 0.1126 -2.8013 0.1969 0.2709 0.4913 1.86 % 2.55 % 4.63 % 

11 10.6654 0.3536 -2.4397 0.2108 0.4236 0.5525 1.98 % 3.97 % 5.18 % 

12 10.7353 0.4312 -1.9706 0.1967 0.3626 0.3999 1.83 % 3.38 % 3.72 % 
C22 

Figure C16. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C17. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C23 

a) Run 332 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 332 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 332 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C18. Run 332 total velocity measurements. 
C24 

Run 333 

Blockage Location: xb = 4 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 8:04 AM 

Table C19. Run 333 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 3.8162 7.2955 5.6025 0.1987 

u 3.29 7.29 5.4980 0.2218 

v -2.12 2.52 0.1564 0.4478 

w -3.63 2.85 -0.7630 0.5859 

Table C20. Run 333 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 4.6545 6.4264 5.5440 0.1060 1.912 

2 4.1513 6.7292 5.5474 0.1226 2.211 

3 5.0561 6.7710 5.6408 0.1580 2.801 

4 4.8891 6.0098 5.5985 0.1011 1.805 

5 3.8161 7.2955 5.6196 0.2994 5.327 

6 4.1615 7.0552 5.6333 0.3245 5.760 

7 4.2254 7.1822 5.6285 0.2330 4.140 

8 4.7493 6.2286 5.6268 0.1167 2.075 

9 4.0244 6.9662 5.6075 0.2147 3.829 

10 4.2465 6.4411 5.6143 0.1594 2.839 

11 4.0376 7.0828 5.5724 0.2426 4.353 

12 5.1682 5.8638 5.5970 0.0868 1.551 

 Average 5.6025 0.1804 3.217 

 St Dev 0.0324 0.0807 1.431 

Table C21. Run 333 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.4521 0.3889 -0.8867 0.1090 0.1686 0.2102 2.00 % 3.09 % 3.86 % 

2 5.4654 0.0016 -0.8861 0.1215 0.2579 0.2272 2.22 % 4.72 % 4.16 % 

3 5.2911 0.1777 -1.7636 0.2792 0.4552 0.6497 5.28 % 8.60 % 12.28 % 

4 5.5312 -0.1578 -0.8058 0.1057 0.2187 0.1620 1.91 % 3.95 % 2.93 % 

5 5.5509 0.1441 -0.2452 0.3036 0.5236 0.6407 5.47 % 9.43 % 11.54 % 

6 5.5364 0.5445 -0.1851 0.3284 0.5644 0.6569 5.93 % 10.19 % 11.86 % 

7 5.5244 0.6830 -0.5784 0.2365 0.3451 0.4903 4.28 % 6.25 % 8.88 % 

8 5.5545 0.2535 -0.7572 0.1187 0.3172 0.2637 2.14 % 5.71 % 4.75 % 

9 5.5343 -0.0641 -0.6816 0.2211 0.3640 0.4599 4.00 % 6.58 % 8.31 % 

10 5.5442 0.0728 -0.7603 0.1609 0.3063 0.3231 2.90 % 5.53 % 5.83 % 

11 5.5009 -0.1242 -0.5692 0.2471 0.4435 0.5037 4.49 % 8.06 % 9.16 % 

12 5.4909 -0.0429 -1.0366 0.0996 0.1812 0.2563 1.81 % 3.30 % 4.67 % 
C25 

Figure C19. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C20. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C26 

a) Run 333 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 333 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 333 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C21. Run 333 total velocity measurements. 
C27 

Run 334 

Blockage Location: xb = 8 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 8:23 AM 

Table C22. Run 334 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 9.9737 13.3955 10.9133 0.2533 

u 8.84 13 10.6187 0.2873 

v -4.08 3.72 -0.0109 0.8262 

w -5.78 1.38 -2.2167 0.8528 

Table C23. Run 334 total velocity data for each10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.0920 11.4698 10.8165 0.1859 1.719 

2 10.1834 11.4732 10.8423 0.1770 1.632 

3 10.0449 11.4375 10.7965 0.1861 1.724 

4 10.1411 12.4374 11.0177 0.3375 3.063 

5 9.9737 11.6551 10.8446 0.1995 1.839 

6 10.1038 11.6259 10.8294 0.1880 1.736 

7 10.1712 13.3955 11.0526 0.3975 3.597 

8 10.1702 11.8442 11.0049 0.2314 2.102 

9 10.0759 11.9151 10.9386 0.2146 1.962 

10 10.1544 11.8024 10.9958 0.2349 2.136 

11 10.2122 11.6677 10.9563 0.2100 1.917 

12 10.2118 11.4763 10.8634 0.1810 1.666 

 Average 10.9132 0.2286 2.091 

 St Dev 0.0905 0.0687 0.611 

Table C24. Run 334 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.6600 0.0418 -1.7457 0.2093 0.2746 0.4796 1.96 % 2.58 % 4.50 % 

2 10.6105 -0.0288 -2.1814 0.1820 0.3096 0.3406 1.72 % 2.92 % 3.21 % 

3 10.6697 -0.1231 -1.6090 0.1913 0.2732 0.2045 1.79 % 2.56 % 1.92 % 

4 10.5614 0.3034 -2.7902 0.4528 0.6303 1.2182 4.29 % 5.97 % 11.53 % 

5 10.6032 -0.2506 -2.0644 0.2557 0.4958 0.7640 2.41 % 4.68 % 7.21 % 

6 10.6018 -0.3413 -2.0965 0.2011 0.3611 0.4796 1.90 % 3.41 % 4.52 % 

7 10.8181 0.4015 -1.7836 0.3504 0.9730 0.9354 3.24 % 8.99 % 8.65 % 

8 10.5377 -0.5601 -2.5675 0.4169 1.2923 1.1706 3.96 % 12.26 % 11.11 % 

9 10.6143 0.1335 -2.0384 0.2544 1.4031 0.9113 2.40 % 13.22 % 8.59 % 

10 10.7009 0.6951 -2.2587 0.2279 0.5300 0.7331 2.13 % 4.95 % 6.85 % 

11 10.5316 -0.5967 -2.8588 0.1926 0.4332 0.6455 1.83 % 4.11 % 6.13 % 

12 10.5156 0.1936 -2.6048 0.1909 0.6804 0.3834 1.82 % 6.47 % 3.65 % 
C28 

Figure C22. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C23. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C29 

a) Run 334 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 334 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 334 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C24. Run 334 total velocity measurements. 
C30 

Run 335 

Blockage Location: xb = 8 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 8:29 AM 

Table C25. Run 335 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 4.4715 6.2408 5.5453 0.0931 

u 4.42 6.21 5.4385 0.1090 

v -0.737 1.26 0.1083 0.1888 

w -2.3 0.853 -1.0171 0.2981 

Table C26. Run 335 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for all intervals. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.1922 5.8328 5.5295 0.0793 1.435 

2 5.2410 5.8151 5.5359 0.0793 1.432 

3 5.1949 5.8692 5.5486 0.0837 1.508 

4 5.3006 5.9120 5.5685 0.0735 1.320 

5 4.7952 6.2104 5.5668 0.1029 1.848 

6 4.4715 6.1702 5.5346 0.1416 2.560 

7 4.7409 6.2408 5.5400 0.1126 2.033 

8 5.1802 5.8499 5.5384 0.0793 1.433 

9 5.0962 5.9430 5.5471 0.0897 1.617 

10 5.2240 5.8344 5.5381 0.0772 1.394 

11 4.9330 5.9555 5.5451 0.0813 1.466 

12 4.8917 6.0400 5.5508 0.0844 1.521 

 Average 5.5453 0.0904 1.631 

 St Dev 0.0121 0.0197 0.356 

Table C27. Run 335 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.4335 0.1747 -0.9958 0.0856 0.1189 0.1280 1.58 % 2.19 % 2.35 % 

2 5.4240 0.0841 -1.0788 0.0897 0.1509 0.1770 1.65 % 2.78 % 3.26 % 

3 5.3232 0.1661 -1.5186 0.1221 0.1923 0.2708 2.29 % 3.61 % 5.09 % 

4 5.4262 -0.0768 -1.2301 0.0817 0.1355 0.1594 1.51 % 2.50 % 2.94 % 

5 5.5075 0.1049 -0.7587 0.1072 0.2092 0.1614 1.95 % 3.80 % 2.93 % 

6 5.4848 0.2140 -0.5627 0.1433 0.2430 0.3571 2.61 % 4.43 % 6.51 % 

7 5.4510 0.2155 -0.9104 0.1155 0.2082 0.2438 2.12 % 3.82 % 4.47 % 

8 5.4297 0.1739 -1.0707 0.0853 0.0782 0.0925 1.57 % 1.44 % 1.70 % 

9 5.4424 0.2075 -1.0304 0.0943 0.1358 0.1626 1.73 % 2.50 % 2.99 % 

10 5.4406 -0.0712 -1.0239 0.0795 0.1059 0.0795 1.46 % 1.95 % 1.46 % 

11 5.4267 0.0092 -1.1177 0.0865 0.1212 0.1855 1.59 % 2.23 % 3.42 % 

12 5.4718 0.0972 -0.9074 0.0898 0.1319 0.1415 1.64 % 2.41 % 2.59 % 
C31 

Figure C25. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C26. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C32 

a) Run 335 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 335 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 335 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C27. Run 335 total velocity measurements. 
C33 

Run 336 

Blockage Location: xb = 12 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 8:41 AM 

Table C28. Run 336 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 9.9480 12.2172 10.8924 0.2141 

u 8.18 11.8 10.5670 0.2906 

v -4.01 5.42 0.3120 0.9213 

w -5.77 1.03 -2.2958 0.8535 

Table C29. Run 336 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.0725 12.2172 10.9843 0.2372 2.160 

2 10.0103 11.5298 10.8581 0.1792 1.650 

3 10.1604 11.9038 10.9085 0.1945 1.783 

4 9.9513 12.0345 10.8523 0.2482 2.287 

5 9.9479 11.4637 10.7677 0.1795 1.667 

6 10.1498 11.5140 10.7761 0.1808 1.678 

7 10.0478 11.4802 10.8245 0.1879 1.736 

8 10.1377 11.5659 10.8879 0.1955 1.796 

9 10.0253 11.6061 10.9129 0.1825 1.672 

10 10.1063 11.6636 10.9600 0.1914 1.747 

11 10.2557 11.6885 10.9826 0.1931 1.758 

12 10.1523 11.7879 10.9940 0.2180 1.983 

 Average 10.8924 0.1990 1.826 

 St Dev 0.0789 0.0230 0.207 

Table C30. Run 336 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.1542 1.8927 -3.5490 0.4127 0.8368 0.7460 4.06 % 8.24 % 7.35 % 

2 10.5964 0.0943 -2.2268 0.2036 0.6510 0.4645 1.92 % 6.14 % 4.38 % 

3 10.7642 -0.3901 -1.4151 0.2164 0.8567 0.4809 2.01 % 7.96 % 4.47 % 

4 10.6104 -0.2125 -1.9256 0.1998 1.0071 0.6682 1.88 % 9.49 % 6.30 % 

5 10.5629 -0.1337 -2.0385 0.1821 0.3482 0.2745 1.72 % 3.30 % 2.60 % 

6 10.6402 -0.3291 -1.6233 0.1929 0.2412 0.3244 1.81 % 2.27 % 3.05 % 

7 10.6512 0.0803 -1.8222 0.1863 0.5799 0.2481 1.75 % 5.44 % 2.33 % 

8 10.6385 0.4753 -1.9916 0.2028 0.9723 0.4778 1.91 % 9.14 % 4.49 % 

9 10.5046 0.2975 -2.8600 0.2142 0.4560 0.5072 2.04 % 4.34 % 4.83 % 

10 10.7375 0.5878 -1.9502 0.1974 0.6541 0.4999 1.84 % 6.09 % 4.66 % 

11 10.6036 0.6150 -2.6190 0.2223 0.7439 0.6159 2.10 % 7.02 % 5.81 % 

12 10.3413 0.7661 -3.5251 0.3448 0.5353 0.7440 3.33 % 5.18 % 7.19 % 
C34 

Figure C28. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C29. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C35 

a) Run 336 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 336 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS 

velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 336 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C30. Run 336 total velocity measurements. 
C36 

Run 337 

Blockage Location: xb = 12 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 8:48 AM 

Table C31. Run 337 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 5.2856 6.0680 5.6027 0.0844 

u 5.1 5.99 5.4817 0.0967 

v -0.55 1.48 0.1799 0.2213 

w -1.91 -0.145 -1.0916 0.2553 

Table C32. Run 337 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.3108 5.8593 5.6034 0.0719 1.283 

2 5.4008 5.9178 5.6689 0.0702 1.238 

3 5.3572 6.0679 5.6885 0.0917 1.612 

4 5.2961 5.9006 5.5981 0.0763 1.364 

5 5.2856 5.8662 5.5732 0.0802 1.439 

6 5.3286 5.8589 5.6015 0.0761 1.359 

7 5.3200 5.8652 5.6151 0.0755 1.346 

8 5.3333 5.9027 5.6155 0.0716 1.275 

9 5.2974 5.8391 5.5808 0.0691 1.238 

10 5.3124 5.8357 5.5630 0.0685 1.231 

11 5.3186 5.8578 5.5705 0.0708 1.272 

12 5.3032 5.8116 5.5527 0.0708 1.275 

 Average 5.6026 0.0744 1.328 

 St Dev 0.0410 0.0064 0.109 

Table C33. Run 337 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.4580 -0.0586 -1.2467 0.0746 0.1224 0.1893 1.37 % 2.24 % 3.47 % 

2 5.5111 0.2174 -1.2895 0.0789 0.1611 0.1679 1.43 % 2.92 % 3.05 % 

3 5.6135 0.3705 -0.7557 0.0929 0.3049 0.2150 1.66 % 5.43 % 3.83 % 

4 5.4964 0.4022 -0.9561 0.0894 0.1363 0.1786 1.63 % 2.48 % 3.25 % 

5 5.4824 0.2747 -0.9307 0.0962 0.2006 0.1421 1.75 % 3.66 % 2.59 % 

6 5.5287 0.0033 -0.8743 0.0845 0.1664 0.1336 1.53 % 3.01 % 2.42 % 

7 5.4518 0.1913 -1.2814 0.0966 0.1557 0.3192 1.77 % 2.86 % 5.85 % 

8 5.4238 0.2709 -1.3964 0.0784 0.2340 0.1973 1.45 % 4.31 % 3.64 % 

9 5.4496 0.1154 -1.1694 0.0744 0.2006 0.1605 1.37 % 3.68 % 2.95 % 

10 5.4564 0.0494 -1.0717 0.0734 0.1048 0.1109 1.35 % 1.92 % 2.03 % 

11 5.4722 0.1517 -1.0196 0.0767 0.1162 0.0955 1.40 % 2.12 % 1.75 % 

12 5.4371 0.1702 -1.1073 0.0769 0.0946 0.0767 1.41 % 1.74 % 1.41 % 
C37 

Figure C31. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C32. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C38 

a) Run 337 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 337 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 337 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C33. Run 337 total velocity measurements. 
C39 

Run 338 

Blockage Location: xb = 20 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 8:58 AM 

Table C34. Run 338 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 10.0856 11.5957 10.8803 0.1826 

u 9.71 11.5 10.6340 0.1995 

v -1.46 2.03 0.1377 0.3974 

w -3.73 0.216 -2.1921 0.5568 

Table C35. Run 338 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.0856 11.4543 10.8231 0.1755 1.622 

2 10.2056 11.5502 10.9164 0.1765 1.617 

3 10.2195 11.5540 10.8853 0.1786 1.640 

4 10.2117 11.4586 10.8450 0.1747 1.611 

5 10.2330 11.4540 10.8953 0.1720 1.579 

6 10.3310 11.5956 10.9867 0.1633 1.486 

7 10.2918 11.5450 10.9558 0.1732 1.581 

8 10.2518 11.5133 10.9085 0.1684 1.543 

9 10.2658 11.5355 10.9444 0.1663 1.519 

10 10.1248 11.3960 10.8179 0.1706 1.577 

11 10.1085 11.4243 10.7956 0.1688 1.564 

12 10.1491 11.3860 10.7890 0.1688 1.565 

 Average 10.8802 0.1714 1.575 

 St Dev 0.0656 0.0045 0.044 

Table C36. Run 338 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.6822 0.0549 -1.6226 0.1866 0.3837 0.4931 1.75 % 3.59 % 4.62 % 

2 10.8237 0.2612 -1.3058 0.1855 0.3868 0.3016 1.71 % 3.57 % 2.79 % 

3 10.7217 0.5143 -1.7461 0.1921 0.4285 0.1829 1.79 % 4.00 % 1.71 % 

4 10.6630 0.2848 -1.9352 0.1850 0.2535 0.1463 1.73 % 2.38 % 1.37 % 

5 10.6044 0.2529 -2.4400 0.1800 0.2888 0.3871 1.70 % 2.72 % 3.65 % 

6 10.6144 0.1952 -2.8035 0.1771 0.3042 0.2176 1.67 % 2.87 % 2.05 % 

7 10.6334 0.2940 -2.5400 0.2007 0.3401 0.5441 1.89 % 3.20 % 5.12 % 

8 10.6072 0.3813 -2.4847 0.1804 0.2551 0.3086 1.70 % 2.41 % 2.91 % 

9 10.5450 0.1280 -2.9032 0.1891 0.2273 0.2789 1.79 % 2.16 % 2.65 % 

10 10.5819 -0.0691 -2.2281 0.1784 0.2112 0.1857 1.69 % 2.00 % 1.76 % 

11 10.5965 -0.1595 -2.0374 0.1785 0.1897 0.2139 1.68 % 1.79 % 2.02 % 

12 10.5345 -0.4854 -2.2582 0.1749 0.2370 0.1831 1.66 % 2.25 % 1.74 % 
C40 

Figure C34. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C35. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C41 

a) Run 338 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 338 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 338 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C36. Run 338 total velocity measurements. 
C42 

Run 339 

Blockage Location: xb = 20 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 9:05 AM 

Table C37. Run 339 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 5.2100 5.8598 5.5189 0.0714 

u 5.1 5.75 5.4096 0.0750 

v -0.412 0.475 -0.0079 0.1314 

w -1.61 -0.725 -1.0788 0.1141 

Table C38. Run 339 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.2883 5.8319 5.5571 0.0684 1.231 

2 5.2579 5.8597 5.5207 0.0739 1.340 

3 5.2405 5.8040 5.5142 0.0711 1.290 

4 5.2600 5.7848 5.5250 0.0691 1.250 

5 5.2529 5.8203 5.5099 0.0712 1.292 

6 5.2477 5.8001 5.5114 0.0718 1.303 

7 5.2578 5.7525 5.5153 0.0697 1.264 

8 5.2099 5.7565 5.5024 0.0684 1.243 

9 5.2358 5.7793 5.5146 0.0696 1.262 

10 5.2185 5.8273 5.5207 0.0708 1.282 

11 5.2406 5.7589 5.5191 0.0713 1.292 

12 5.2694 5.7567 5.5158 0.0665 1.207 

 Average 5.5189 0.0701 1.271 

 St Dev 0.0133 0.0019 0.035 

Table C39. Run 339 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.4132 -0.0184 -1.2461 0.0725 0.1064 0.1179 1.34 % 1.97 % 2.18 % 

2 5.4154 -0.0961 -1.0606 0.0772 0.0950 0.0944 1.43 % 1.75 % 1.74 % 

3 5.4051 -0.1802 -1.0722 0.0738 0.0746 0.0577 1.36 % 1.38 % 1.07 % 

4 5.4124 -0.1052 -1.0990 0.0725 0.0763 0.0824 1.34 % 1.41 % 1.52 % 

5 5.3938 -0.1008 -1.1145 0.0759 0.0926 0.0747 1.41 % 1.72 % 1.38 % 

6 5.4238 0.0123 -0.9705 0.0763 0.0808 0.0908 1.41 % 1.49 % 1.67 % 

7 5.4164 0.0940 -1.0276 0.0741 0.0978 0.0812 1.37 % 1.81 % 1.50 % 

8 5.4005 0.0848 -1.0440 0.0737 0.0962 0.0706 1.36 % 1.78 % 1.31 % 

9 5.4069 0.1016 -1.0723 0.0741 0.0838 0.0922 1.37 % 1.55 % 1.71 % 

10 5.4149 0.1172 -1.0594 0.0744 0.0938 0.1101 1.37 % 1.73 % 2.03 % 

11 5.4224 -0.0424 -1.0149 0.0761 0.1150 0.1142 1.40 % 2.12 % 2.11 % 

12 5.3902 0.0384 -1.1639 0.0711 0.0810 0.0826 1.32 % 1.50 % 1.53 % 
C43 

Figure C37. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C38. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C44 

a) Run 339 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 339 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 339 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C39. Run 339 total velocity measurements. 
C45 

Run 340 

Blockage Location: No blockage 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 9:12 AM 

Table C40. Run 340 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 10.0765 11.5801 10.8477 0.1709 

u 9.82 11.4 10.5959 0.1764 

v -0.942 1.23 -0.1620 0.2798 

w -3.35 -1.54 -2.2892 0.2276 

Table C41. Run 340 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.0765 11.4004 10.8274 0.1710 1.580 

2 10.1374 11.4500 10.8269 0.1746 1.612 

3 10.1841 11.4631 10.8338 0.1668 1.540 

4 10.2724 11.4275 10.8590 0.1609 1.482 

5 10.1385 11.5065 10.8421 0.1686 1.555 

6 10.1910 11.4851 10.8423 0.1710 1.577 

7 10.1277 11.5168 10.8636 0.1706 1.570 

8 10.2125 11.5801 10.8779 0.1667 1.533 

9 10.2111 11.4865 10.8889 0.1632 1.499 

10 10.1822 11.5430 10.8896 0.1731 1.589 

11 10.1534 11.4249 10.8039 0.1659 1.536 

12 10.1848 11.5272 10.8160 0.1713 1.584 

 Average 10.8476 0.1686 1.555 

 St Dev 0.02823 0.0040 0.038 

Table C42. Run 340 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.5999 -0.2283 -2.1835 0.1775 0.1703 0.1567 1.67 % 1.61 % 1.48 % 

2 10.6039 -0.1766 -2.1653 0.1827 0.1896 0.1428 1.72 % 1.79 % 1.35 % 

3 10.5856 -0.3237 -2.2680 0.1726 0.1953 0.1710 1.63 % 1.85 % 1.62 % 

4 10.5795 -0.2415 -2.4230 0.1677 0.1758 0.1768 1.59 % 1.66 % 1.67 % 

5 10.5936 -0.1891 -2.2855 0.1758 0.1768 0.1870 1.66 % 1.67 % 1.76 % 

6 10.5900 -0.2423 -2.2947 0.1783 0.1686 0.2274 1.68 % 1.59 % 2.15 % 

7 10.6132 -0.1131 -2.2920 0.1752 0.2306 0.2424 1.65 % 2.17 % 2.28 % 

8 10.6008 -0.1842 -2.4010 0.1768 0.2580 0.2891 1.67 % 2.43 % 2.73 % 

9 10.6073 0.3003 -2.4210 0.1772 0.2405 0.2031 1.67 % 2.27 % 1.92 % 

10 10.6054 0.0730 -2.4339 0.1765 0.3418 0.2512 1.66 % 3.22 % 2.37 % 

11 10.5604 -0.4070 -2.2339 0.1706 0.1509 0.1536 1.62 % 1.43 % 1.45 % 

12 10.6111 -0.2119 -2.0692 0.1783 0.2243 0.1097 1.68 % 2.11 % 1.03 % 
C46 

Figure C40. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C41. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C47 

a) Run 340 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 340 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 340 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C42. Run 340 total velocity measurements. 
C48 

Run 341 

Blockage Location: No blockage 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 9:16 AM 

Table C43. Run 341 velocity data from two minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 5.2066 6.9952 5.6497 0.1347 

u 4.38 6.2 5.4652 0.1597 

v -1.11 3.25 0.4731 0.4480 

w -3.49 0.544 -1.1778 0.4812 

Table C44. Run 341 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.2734 6.1947 5.6667 0.1124 1.984 

2 5.2521 5.9900 5.6369 0.0922 1.636 

3 5.3186 5.9636 5.6297 0.0893 1.586 

4 5.2462 5.9533 5.5816 0.0843 1.511 

5 5.2745 5.8774 5.5970 0.0795 1.421 

6 5.3242 6.0060 5.6346 0.0797 1.416 

7 5.3342 6.0727 5.6490 0.0968 1.714 

8 5.3591 6.2098 5.6996 0.1013 1.777 

9 5.2374 6.9952 5.8406 0.2708 4.636 

10 5.2066 5.9809 5.6381 0.0891 1.581 

11 5.3123 6.0810 5.6539 0.0872 1.543 

12 5.2414 5.8573 5.5688 0.0779 1.399 

 Average 5.6497 0.1050 1.850 

 St Dev 0.0701 0.0531 0.893 

Table C45. Run 341 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.5210 0.4928 -1.0075 0.1247 0.4782 0.3753 2.26 % 8.66 % 6.80 % 

2 5.3725 0.3733 -1.5717 0.1541 0.4037 0.3516 2.87 % 7.51 % 6.55 % 

3 5.3863 0.7543 -1.3789 0.0921 0.2622 0.3772 1.71 % 4.87 % 7.00 % 

4 5.3835 0.4761 -1.3403 0.0895 0.2901 0.2525 1.66 % 5.39 % 4.69 % 

5 5.4516 0.4470 -1.0736 0.1152 0.3215 0.3800 2.11 % 5.90 % 6.97 % 

6 5.5529 0.3030 -0.8276 0.0950 0.2560 0.2646 1.71 % 4.61 % 4.77 % 

7 5.5514 0.5713 -0.6950 0.1042 0.3912 0.3607 1.88 % 7.05 % 6.50 % 

8 5.5128 0.6503 -1.1711 0.1096 0.4211 0.3488 1.99 % 7.64 % 6.33 % 

9 5.3619 1.0355 -1.9184 0.3317 0.5159 0.5540 6.19 % 9.62 % 10.33 % 

10 5.4579 0.1014 -1.3170 0.1098 0.3938 0.3097 2.01 % 7.22 % 5.67 % 

11 5.5765 0.1292 -0.8138 0.1012 0.3556 0.2478 1.81 % 6.38 % 4.44 % 

12 5.4545 0.3428 -1.0193 0.0857 0.2607 0.1876 1.57 % 4.78 % 3.44 % 
C49 

Figure C43. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C44. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C50 

a) Run 341 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 341 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 341 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C45. Run 341 total velocity measurements. 
C51 

Run 342 

Blockage Location: No blockage 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 7:59 AM 

Table C46. Run 342 velocity data from two minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 10.0245 11.7184 10.8626 0.2004 

u 9.85 11.6 10.6886 0.2030 

v -3.16 2.56 -0.5528 0.7952 

w -3.93 1.29 -1.4877 0.7727 

Table C47. Run 342 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.1426 11.5589 10.8741 0.1747 1.607 

2 10.1765 11.4527 10.8757 0.1715 1.577 

3 10.2387 11.5142 10.8524 0.1812 1.670 

4 10.2453 11.6199 10.9916 0.1910 1.737 

5 10.1690 11.7183 10.9704 0.2004 1.827 

6 10.0944 11.5426 10.8547 0.1981 1.825 

7 10.0244 11.4658 10.7845 0.1880 1.744 

8 10.1106 11.5403 10.7727 0.1815 1.685 

9 10.1044 11.4931 10.8028 0.2000 1.852 

10 10.1105 11.5705 10.8012 0.1965 1.819 

11 10.1261 11.6991 10.9155 0.1910 1.750 

12 10.1786 11.6145 10.8546 0.1912 1.761 

 Average 10.8625 0.1888 1.738 

 St Dev 0.0694 0.0096 0.088 

Table C48. Run 342 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.6542 0.3233 -2.1161 0.1820 0.2342 0.3108 1.71 % 2.20 % 2.92 % 

2 10.6262 0.0091 -2.2790 0.1741 0.3012 0.2835 1.64 % 2.83 % 2.67 % 

3 10.6445 -0.0147 -2.0039 0.1822 0.6172 0.2690 1.71 % 5.80 % 2.53 % 

4 10.7298 0.5873 -2.1803 0.2062 0.4747 0.5977 1.92 % 4.42 % 5.57 % 

5 10.6636 -0.9964 -2.0687 0.1969 0.9247 0.7154 1.85 % 8.67 % 6.71 % 

6 10.6933 -0.9730 -1.4342 0.2052 0.5476 0.4150 1.92 % 5.12 % 3.88 % 

7 10.6521 -0.3978 -1.5633 0.2009 0.2650 0.4013 1.89 % 2.49 % 3.77 % 

8 10.6720 -0.9865 -0.8219 0.1790 0.5509 0.4563 1.68 % 5.16 % 4.28 % 

9 10.6509 -1.3027 -0.9589 0.2035 0.6264 0.4997 1.91 % 5.88 % 4.69 % 

10 10.6806 -1.1026 -0.9317 0.1992 0.3652 0.6114 1.87 % 3.42 % 5.72 % 

11 10.8687 -0.6976 -0.4588 0.1868 0.3619 0.4416 1.72 % 3.33 % 4.06 % 

12 10.7272 -1.0814 -1.0355 0.1988 0.4790 0.5277 1.85 % 4.46 % 4.92 % 
C52 

Figure C46. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C47. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C53 

a) Run 342 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 342 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 342 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C48. Run 342 total velocity measurements. 
C54 

Run 343 

Blockage Location: No blockage 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 9:49 AM 

Table C49. Run 343 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 5.0256 8.2935 5.7227 0.1527 

u 4.05 6.85 5.4813 0.1752 

v -1.8 4.26 0.3299 0.4535 

w -4.71 0.156 -1.4548 0.5163 

Table C50. Run 343 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.3611 8.2934 6.0060 0.2810 4.679 

2 5.0256 6.6724 5.7683 0.1166 2.021 

3 5.3423 6.1886 5.7616 0.1062 1.844 

4 5.3983 6.0769 5.6942 0.0934 1.640 

5 5.4082 6.0407 5.6852 0.0871 1.533 

6 5.3315 6.1302 5.7150 0.0837 1.465 

7 5.1010 6.1613 5.7175 0.1149 2.010 

8 5.2376 6.1502 5.6976 0.0951 1.669 

9 5.3592 6.1570 5.6844 0.0998 1.756 

10 5.4135 5.8889 5.6688 0.0648 1.143 

11 5.3843 5.9176 5.6453 0.0725 1.284 

12 5.3197 5.8804 5.6284 0.0697 1.239 

 Average 5.7227 0.1071 1.857 

 St Dev 0.0981 0.0572 0.933 

Table C51. Run 343 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.4290 0.8827 -2.0914 0.4418 0.5298 1.0238 8.14 % 9.76 % 18.86 % 

2 5.3837 0.5973 -1.8956 0.1950 0.4040 0.3895 3.62 % 7.50 % 7.23 % 

3 5.4349 0.6269 -1.7565 0.1389 0.3166 0.2667 2.56 % 5.83 % 4.91 % 

4 5.5128 0.1652 -1.3870 0.0818 0.1765 0.2319 1.48 % 3.20 % 4.21 % 

5 5.5303 0.0613 -1.2239 0.0881 0.3989 0.2766 1.59 % 7.21 % 5.00 % 

6 5.4676 0.3890 -1.5370 0.0988 0.4094 0.2879 1.81 % 7.49 % 5.27 % 

7 5.4848 0.5913 -1.3379 0.1426 0.4627 0.4956 2.60 % 8.44 % 9.04 % 

8 5.4816 0.5970 -1.3672 0.1060 0.2725 0.3369 1.93 % 4.97 % 6.15 % 

9 5.5941 -0.1112 -0.9085 0.1147 0.2669 0.3273 2.05 % 4.77 % 5.85 % 

10 5.4810 0.1308 -1.4320 0.0700 0.0841 0.1384 1.28 % 1.53 % 2.52 % 

11 5.4767 0.1035 -1.3381 0.0766 0.1630 0.2181 1.40 % 2.98 % 3.98 % 

12 5.4991 -0.0743 -1.1827 0.0726 0.1288 0.1340 1.32 % 2.34 % 2.44 % 
C55 

Figure C49. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C50. Histogram of 10-second intervals (no wall, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C56 

a) Run 343 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 343 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 343 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C51. Run 343 total velocity measurements. 
C57 

Run 344 

Blockage Location: xb = 20 ft. 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 10:06 AM 

Table C52. Run 344 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 10.1968 11.7739 10.9923 0.1746 

u 9.48 11.4 10.5536 0.1934 

v -2.17 2.01 -0.4647 0.5778 

w -4.82 -1.31 -2.9496 0.4405 

Table C53. Run 344 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.2473 11.6399 10.9864 0.1735 1.579 

2 10.3423 11.6841 11.0331 0.1732 1.570 

3 10.4380 11.7084 11.1068 0.1745 1.571 

4 10.4914 11.6174 11.0544 0.1505 1.361 

5 10.3251 11.5087 10.9636 0.1532 1.397 

6 10.3557 11.5422 10.9627 0.1577 1.439 

7 10.2408 11.5279 10.9450 0.1625 1.484 

8 10.2964 11.5627 10.9480 0.1672 1.527 

9 10.1967 11.5168 10.9606 0.1690 1.542 

10 10.3515 11.7738 10.9696 0.1721 1.569 

11 10.3465 11.6976 10.9837 0.1806 1.644 

12 10.3691 11.6740 10.9931 0.1805 1.642 

 Average 10.9923 0.1679 1.527 

 St Dev 0.0487 0.0099 0.090 

Table C54. Run 344 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.6082 -0.5120 -2.7563 0.1836 0.3165 0.4536 1.73 % 2.98 % 4.28 % 

2 10.5397 0.3749 -3.1548 0.2489 0.6038 0.3929 2.36 % 5.73 % 3.73 % 

3 10.5011 0.0754 -3.5554 0.2020 0.6168 0.2275 1.92 % 5.87 % 2.17 % 

4 10.4691 -0.8361 -3.4418 0.1646 0.1730 0.1383 1.57 % 1.65 % 1.32 % 

5 10.5224 -0.6093 -3.0086 0.1655 0.1688 0.1560 1.57 % 1.60 % 1.48 % 

6 10.5740 -0.4143 -2.8504 0.1719 0.1689 0.2052 1.63 % 1.60 % 1.94 % 

7 10.5456 -0.5295 -2.8666 0.1709 0.2013 0.2085 1.62 % 1.91 % 1.98 % 

8 10.5585 -0.7037 -2.7873 0.1711 0.2022 0.2677 1.62 % 1.92 % 2.54 % 

9 10.5608 -0.8446 -2.7884 0.1743 0.2379 0.2383 1.65 % 2.25 % 2.26 % 

10 10.4905 -0.9954 -3.0164 0.1685 0.2285 0.3764 1.61 % 2.18 % 3.59 % 

11 10.5651 -0.8984 -2.7904 0.1797 0.5254 0.3890 1.70 % 4.97 % 3.68 % 

12 10.7084 0.3155 -2.3795 0.1898 0.4035 0.4997 1.77 % 3.77 % 4.67 % 
C58 

Figure C52. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C53. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C59 

a) Run 344 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 344 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 344 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C54. Run 344 total velocity measurements. 
C60 

Run 345 

Blockage Location: xb = 20 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 10:13 AM 

Table C55. Run 345 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 4.9626 6.4702 5.7439 0.0911 

u 4.96 6.47 5.6402 0.1014 

v -1.53 1.25 -0.1603 0.3375 

w -1.93 1.11 -0.8563 0.5532 

Table C56. Run 345 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.2871 6.2789 5.7300 0.0949 1.656 

2 5.1924 6.2315 5.7434 0.1072 1.867 

3 4.9626 6.4702 5.7189 0.1154 2.019 

4 5.0942 6.4163 5.7328 0.1185 2.068 

5 5.1307 6.0718 5.7223 0.0824 1.440 

6 5.4695 6.0365 5.7487 0.0769 1.338 

7 5.5061 6.0028 5.7561 0.0694 1.207 

8 5.4740 6.0151 5.7658 0.0683 1.184 

9 5.5556 6.0283 5.7998 0.0661 1.140 

10 5.4764 6.0088 5.7611 0.0769 1.335 

11 5.4037 5.9768 5.7102 0.0767 1.344 

12 5.4379 6.0158 5.7374 0.0816 1.422 

 Average 5.7439 0.0862 1.502 

 St Dev 0.0245 0.0183 0.323 

Table C57. Run 345 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.6767 -0.6231 -0.2280 0.0944 0.2617 0.3163 1.66 % 4.61 % 5.57 % 

2 5.6909 -0.4861 -0.3172 0.1103 0.3543 0.3707 1.94 % 6.23 % 6.51 % 

3 5.6860 -0.4686 -0.1574 0.1155 0.2782 0.2335 2.03 % 4.89 % 4.11 % 

4 5.7106 -0.1901 -0.2763 0.1176 0.3029 0.2237 2.06 % 5.30 % 3.92 % 

5 5.6474 -0.2987 -0.8014 0.0856 0.2143 0.2726 1.52 % 3.80 % 4.83 % 

6 5.6026 -0.1522 -1.2559 0.0758 0.1390 0.1982 1.35 % 2.48 % 3.54 % 

7 5.5970 -0.1161 -1.3285 0.0717 0.1244 0.1149 1.28 % 2.22 % 2.05 % 

8 5.5994 0.0547 -1.3564 0.0729 0.1684 0.1410 1.30 % 3.01 % 2.52 % 

9 5.5809 -0.0107 -1.5701 0.0777 0.1025 0.1174 1.39 % 1.84 % 2.10 % 

10 5.6403 0.0324 -1.0763 0.0934 0.2258 0.4059 1.66 % 4.00 % 7.20 % 

11 5.6614 0.0982 -0.6750 0.0866 0.1896 0.2290 1.53 % 3.35 % 4.04 % 

12 5.5895 0.2366 -1.2318 0.0827 0.1705 0.2720 1.48 % 3.05 % 4.87 % 
C61 

Figure C55. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C56. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 20 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C62 

a) Run 345 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 345 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 345 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C57. Run 345 total velocity measurements. 
C63 

Run 346 

Blockage Location: xb = 12 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 10:24 AM 

Table C58. Run 346 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 9.9214 13.1783 10.9855 0.2293 

u 7.55 11.7 10.5843 0.2768 

v -2.29 5.83 -0.0018 0.8605 

w -7.61 0.00294 -2.7196 0.7021 

Table C59. Run 346 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.3193 11.4415 10.8736 0.1611 1.481 

2 10.3238 11.6027 10.9333 0.1705 1.560 

3 10.1203 11.6093 11.0054 0.1802 1.638 

4 10.3089 11.9406 10.9678 0.1843 1.680 

5 10.1299 11.5672 10.8488 0.1801 1.660 

6 10.2243 11.4091 10.8726 0.1618 1.488 

7 10.2044 11.5805 10.8758 0.1700 1.563 

8 10.2482 11.6612 10.9290 0.1846 1.689 

9 10.2303 11.9155 11.0486 0.2118 1.917 

10 10.3153 12.0535 11.1446 0.2320 2.082 

11 10.4165 12.2026 11.1855 0.2261 2.021 

12 9.9214 13.1783 11.1403 0.2859 2.566 

 Average 10.9854 0.1957 1.779 

 St Dev 0.1190 0.0369 0.317 

Table C60. Run 346 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.5650 -0.6761 -2.4617 0.1698 0.2028 0.2368 1.61 % 1.92 % 2.24 % 

2 10.5126 -0.8884 -2.8223 0.1706 0.4367 0.2796 1.62 % 4.15 % 2.66 % 

3 10.4687 -0.2156 -3.3205 0.2389 0.5283 0.3870 2.28 % 5.05 % 3.70 % 

4 10.4935 -0.6894 -3.0531 0.2011 0.3258 0.5216 1.92 % 3.10 % 4.97 % 

5 10.5963 -0.5675 -2.1962 0.1864 0.3953 0.3370 1.76 % 3.73 % 3.18 % 

6 10.6119 -0.2999 -2.3290 0.1684 0.1952 0.2160 1.59 % 1.84 % 2.04 % 

7 10.6010 -0.1801 -2.3597 0.1831 0.4058 0.3639 1.73 % 3.83 % 3.43 % 

8 10.5922 0.0174 -2.5191 0.2448 0.6119 0.7083 2.31 % 5.78 % 6.69 % 

9 10.6870 0.6598 -2.5144 0.2222 0.7536 0.7274 2.08 % 7.05 % 6.81 % 

10 10.6805 0.8396 -2.8877 0.2431 0.8581 0.5868 2.28 % 8.03 % 5.49 % 

11 10.7994 0.8704 -2.6079 0.2274 0.6422 0.7191 2.11 % 5.95 % 6.66 % 

12 10.4037 1.1074 -3.5624 0.5653 0.6935 1.1116 5.43 % 6.67 % 10.69 % 
C64 

Figure C58. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C59. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C65 

a) Run 346 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 346 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 346 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C60. Run 346 total velocity measurements. 
C66 

Run 347 

Blockage Location: xb = 12 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 10:31 AM 

Table C61. Run 347 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 5.3635 6.1689 5.7080 0.0828 

u 4.92 5.99 5.5315 0.1029 

v -0.975 1.01 -0.1462 0.2882 

w -2.41 0.135 -1.3277 0.3363 

Table C62. Run 347 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.3896 6.0040 5.7013 0.0749 1.315 

2 5.4091 6.0890 5.7201 0.0895 1.564 

3 5.4153 6.1689 5.7845 0.1014 1.754 

4 5.3696 6.0556 5.6838 0.0888 1.563 

5 5.4121 5.9332 5.6717 0.0680 1.199 

6 5.3993 5.9883 5.7104 0.0710 1.244 

7 5.3635 5.9733 5.6894 0.0733 1.289 

8 5.4374 5.9630 5.7094 0.0753 1.320 

9 5.4188 5.9898 5.7060 0.0740 1.297 

10 5.3710 5.9165 5.6825 0.0728 1.281 

11 5.4598 5.9519 5.7151 0.0685 1.199 

12 5.4640 5.9979 5.7218 0.0701 1.226 

 Average 5.7080 0.0773 1.354 

 St Dev 0.0289 0.0103 0.175 

Table C63. Run 347 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.5518 -0.1644 -1.2570 0.0852 0.1708 0.2115 1.53 % 3.08 % 3.81 % 

2 5.4170 0.0075 -1.7876 0.1075 0.3810 0.1780 1.99 % 7.03 % 3.29 % 

3 5.5254 0.3350 -1.5582 0.1758 0.2527 0.5529 3.18 % 4.57 % 10.01 % 

4 5.6155 -0.2095 -0.7878 0.0995 0.1979 0.2572 1.77 % 3.52 % 4.58 % 

5 5.5232 -0.0955 -1.2694 0.0709 0.1436 0.1454 1.28 % 2.60 % 2.63 % 

6 5.5288 -0.1217 -1.3897 0.0741 0.2690 0.1517 1.34 % 4.87 % 2.74 % 

7 5.5364 -0.3496 -1.2321 0.0806 0.1459 0.2344 1.46 % 2.64 % 4.23 % 

8 5.5495 -0.2979 -1.2853 0.0777 0.1233 0.2099 1.40 % 2.22 % 3.78 % 

9 5.5297 -0.3347 -1.3502 0.0724 0.1387 0.1636 1.31 % 2.51 % 2.96 % 

10 5.5419 -0.3292 -1.1787 0.0757 0.1608 0.2317 1.37 % 2.90 % 4.18 % 

11 5.5118 -0.2972 -1.4552 0.0737 0.2238 0.1649 1.34 % 4.06 % 2.99 % 

12 5.5472 0.1028 -1.3805 0.0791 0.1177 0.1921 1.43 % 2.12 % 3.46 % 
C67 

Figure C61. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C62. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 12 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C68 

a) Run 347 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 347 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 347 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C63. Run 347 total velocity measurements. 
C69 

Run 348 

Blockage Location: xb = 8 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 10:42 AM 

Table C64. Run 348 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 9.7276 11.6552 10.8779 0.1824 

u 9.68 11.5 10.6211 0.1891 

v -2.13 1.37 -0.3929 0.4216 

w -3.82 0.697 -2.2369 0.4275 

Table C65. Run 348 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for all intervals. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 10.2320 11.6552 10.9600 0.1760 1.606 

2 10.2265 11.4422 10.8707 0.1673 1.539 

3 10.1842 11.5760 10.9147 0.1655 1.516 

4 10.1304 11.5638 10.8622 0.1816 1.671 

5 10.1117 11.5684 10.8932 0.1867 1.714 

6 9.72764 11.5231 10.8282 0.1956 1.806 

7 10.2193 11.5379 10.9149 0.1758 1.611 

8 10.0504 11.4361 10.8700 0.1742 1.603 

9 10.0873 11.4955 10.8188 0.1743 1.611 

10 10.1491 11.5253 10.8471 0.1751 1.615 

11 10.1440 11.5251 10.8873 0.1829 1.680 

12 10.0282 11.5683 10.8674 0.1838 1.691 

 Average 10.8779 0.1782 1.639 

 St Dev 0.0395 0.0083 0.079 

Table C66. Run 348 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.6121 -0.1588 -2.7072 0.1741 0.2637 0.2852 1.64 % 2.48 % 2.69 % 

2 10.6139 -0.4330 -2.2882 0.1772 0.2116 0.2171 1.67 % 1.99 % 2.05 % 

3 10.5570 -0.5793 -2.6779 0.1745 0.3363 0.2450 1.65 % 3.19 % 2.32 % 

4 10.6481 -0.0468 -2.1040 0.1861 0.2523 0.3346 1.75 % 2.37 % 3.14 % 

5 10.6002 -0.5411 -2.3747 0.1913 0.4471 0.4054 1.80 % 4.22 % 3.82 % 

6 10.6462 -0.5141 -1.8416 0.2045 0.3257 0.3802 1.92 % 3.06 % 3.57 % 

7 10.6429 -0.5650 -2.3036 0.1889 0.2095 0.4361 1.77 % 1.97 % 4.10 % 

8 10.6256 -0.6436 -2.1736 0.1792 0.1907 0.2792 1.69 % 1.79 % 2.63 % 

9 10.5815 -0.8761 -2.0433 0.1856 0.2805 0.2329 1.75 % 2.65 % 2.20 % 

10 10.6434 -0.3359 -2.0420 0.1804 0.2447 0.1873 1.70 % 2.30 % 1.76 % 

11 10.6436 0.1583 -2.1747 0.1981 0.5030 0.4852 1.86 % 4.73 % 4.56 % 

12 10.6391 -0.1800 -2.1113 0.2009 0.3716 0.5255 1.89 % 3.49 % 4.94 % 
C70 

Figure C64. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C65. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C71 

a) Run 348 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 348 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 348 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C66. Run 348 total velocity measurements. 
C72 

Run 349 

Blockage Location: xb = 8 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 10:47 AM 

Table C67. Run 349 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 4.8542 6.4006 5.6955 0.1109 

u 4.69 6.38 5.6239 0.1114 

v -2.25 1.68 -0.0019 0.3879 

w -2.13 1.12 -0.7486 0.3148 

Table C68. Run 349 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 5.3532 6.2163 5.7722 0.0929 1.610 

2 5.3769 6.1039 5.7506 0.0870 1.513 

3 5.2870 6.1905 5.7288 0.0927 1.619 

4 5.2289 6.1285 5.6887 0.0937 1.648 

5 5.0627 6.4005 5.6735 0.1118 1.971 

6 4.9892 6.3966 5.7323 0.1057 1.845 

7 5.2758 6.0353 5.6964 0.0849 1.491 

8 5.2763 6.0627 5.6729 0.0900 1.586 

9 4.8541 6.3974 5.6475 0.1482 2.625 

10 4.9720 6.3268 5.6689 0.1262 2.226 

11 5.2811 6.0857 5.6494 0.0926 1.640 

12 5.0106 6.2464 5.6642 0.0989 1.747 

 Average 5.6954 0.1021 1.794 

 St Dev 0.0410 0.0186 0.335 

Table C69. Run 349 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.6506 0.3491 -0.9896 0.1034 0.4387 0.3050 1.83 % 7.76 % 5.40 % 

2 5.6733 0.4337 -0.6754 0.0996 0.3441 0.3451 1.76 % 6.07 % 6.08 % 

3 5.6635 0.1954 -0.7215 0.1000 0.3092 0.2987 1.77 % 5.46 % 5.27 % 

4 5.6442 0.1680 -0.4965 0.0982 0.3853 0.2843 1.74 % 6.83 % 5.04 % 

5 5.5977 -0.1311 -0.7316 0.1164 0.4752 0.2770 2.08 % 8.49 % 4.95 % 

6 5.6377 -0.3560 -0.9238 0.1102 0.2165 0.2204 1.96 % 3.84 % 3.91 % 

7 5.6077 -0.2402 -0.9461 0.0902 0.1546 0.1564 1.61 % 2.76 % 2.79 % 

8 5.6204 -0.0627 -0.7269 0.0919 0.1927 0.1548 1.64 % 3.43 % 2.75 % 

9 5.5987 0.0993 -0.4564 0.1470 0.3678 0.4423 2.63 % 6.57 % 7.90 % 

10 5.6185 -0.1067 -0.6582 0.1247 0.2521 0.2474 2.22 % 4.49 % 4.40 % 

11 5.5730 -0.2242 -0.8683 0.0968 0.1444 0.1796 1.74 % 2.59 % 3.22 % 

12 5.6018 -0.1472 -0.7895 0.0995 0.1497 0.1909 1.78 % 2.67 % 3.41 % 
C73 

Figure C67. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C68. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 8 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C74 

a) Run 349 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 349 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 349 average velocity from each 10-second interval. 

Figure C69. Run 349 total velocity measurements. 
C75 

Run 350 

Blockage Location: xb = 4 ft 

Blower Frequency: 50 Hz 

Time: 10:55 AM 

Table C70. Run 350 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 6.8145 14.5289 10.8909 0.3372 

u 6.8 14.1 10.6955 0.3376 

v -4.08 3.96 -0.1381 0.6958 

w -4.32 5.15 -1.6386 1.0146 

Table C71. Run 350 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 6.814488 13.27879 10.9145 0.430088 3.940 

2 7.376321 14.52889 10.85391 0.601688 5.543 

3 7.685196 13.08191 10.84056 0.393441 3.629 

4 9.338907 12.72613 10.77712 0.247585 2.297 

5 7.85674 13.02472 10.85332 0.295804 2.725 

6 7.791092 13.10991 10.8181 0.323623 2.991 

7 9.316449 11.79925 10.92469 0.23841 2.182 

8 10.18435 11.76844 10.99204 0.192368 1.750 

9 8.18151 12.83151 10.92268 0.22088 2.022 

10 9.611513 11.85197 10.94769 0.220724 2.016 

11 8.119104 11.9262 10.93389 0.227727 2.082 

12 7.326283 12.98213 10.9132 0.351638 3.222 

 Average 10.8909 0.3119 2.866 

 St Dev 0.0618 0.1183 1.093471 

Table C72. Run 350 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 10.8208 0.4736 -0.7267 0.4243 0.8408 0.7634 3.92 % 7.77 % 7.05 % 

2 10.7120 -0.3691 0.1283 0.6132 0.9718 1.3960 5.72 % 9.07 % 13.03 % 

3 10.7075 -0.4369 -1.2858 0.3926 0.7069 0.7241 3.67 % 6.60 % 6.76 % 

4 10.6192 -0.1175 -1.7352 0.2462 0.4302 0.4127 2.32 % 4.05 % 3.89 % 

5 10.7341 0.0131 -1.4590 0.2914 0.4316 0.5119 2.71 % 4.02 % 4.77 % 

6 10.7020 -0.0389 -1.3523 0.3214 0.5946 0.5625 3.00 % 5.56 % 5.26 % 

7 10.6805 0.2613 -2.1952 0.2288 0.4810 0.4013 2.14 % 4.50 % 3.76 % 

8 10.6163 -0.0431 -2.7914 0.2113 0.3159 0.4660 1.99 % 2.98 % 4.39 % 

9 10.6460 -0.0879 -2.3769 0.2158 0.3688 0.4200 2.03 % 3.46 % 3.95 % 

10 10.7283 -0.0213 -2.0446 0.2275 0.5476 0.5208 2.12 % 5.10 % 4.85 % 

11 10.6726 -0.6159 -2.1384 0.2291 0.6840 0.4751 2.15 % 6.41 % 4.45 % 

12 10.7075 -0.6743 -1.6881 0.3559 0.6700 0.8317 3.32 % 6.26 % 7.77 % 
C76 

Figure C70. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C71. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 50 Hz, 25 bins). 
C77 

a) Run 350 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 350 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 350 average velocities from 10-second intervals 

Figure C72. Run 350 total velocity measurements. 
C78 

Run 351 

Blockage Location: xb = 4 ft 

Blower Frequency: 25 Hz 

Time: 10:59 AM 

Table C73. Run 351 velocity data from 2-minute run. 

Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) 

Total Vel 3.9345 7.4430 5.6698 0.1631 

u 3.77 7.41 5.5534 0.1702 

v -2.22 2.19 -0.2816 0.3918 

w -2.9 2.05 -0.9245 0.4644 

Table C74. Run 351 total velocity data for each 10-second interval and mean and standard 

deviation data for each interval. 

Interval Min (m/s) Max (m/s) Mean (m/s) St Dev (m/s) (%) 

1 3.9344 7.4429 5.6133 0.2699 4.809 

2 4.5918 7.0407 5.6725 0.1740 3.068 

3 4.0093 7.0964 5.6836 0.1612 2.837 

4 5.2525 6.0188 5.6481 0.0911 1.613 

5 4.9859 6.2188 5.6158 0.0999 1.780 

6 4.2168 6.9226 5.6255 0.1338 2.379 

7 5.1490 6.0125 5.5928 0.1052 1.882 

8 4.2888 7.4377 5.7838 0.2761 4.774 

9 5.3525 6.1515 5.7128 0.0922 1.615 

10 5.3367 6.2253 5.6910 0.0886 1.557 

11 5.0106 6.0495 5.7275 0.0943 1.647 

12 5.3009 6.0166 5.6700 0.0884 1.560 

 Average 5.6697 0.1396 2.460 

 St Dev 0.0550 0.0687 1.202 

Table C75. Run 351 individual component means and standard deviations for each interval. 

Interval (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) (%) (%) (%) 

1 5.5534 0.0171 -0.4830 0.2665 0.4531 0.4821 4.80 % 8.16 % 8.68 % 

2 5.5770 0.1657 -0.9264 0.1749 0.2589 0.3486 3.14 % 4.64 % 6.25 % 

3 5.5922 -0.2711 -0.8466 0.1620 0.3587 0.3343 2.90 % 6.41 % 5.98 % 

4 5.4719 -0.4444 -1.2910 0.0798 0.2155 0.2268 1.46 % 3.94 % 4.14 % 

5 5.5313 -0.2058 -0.8734 0.1061 0.1746 0.3243 1.92 % 3.16 % 5.86 % 

6 5.5376 -0.4098 -0.7871 0.1415 0.2574 0.3555 2.56 % 4.65 % 6.42 % 

7 5.4924 -0.5585 -0.8112 0.1135 0.2226 0.3042 2.07 % 4.05 % 5.54 % 

8 5.6856 -0.1663 -0.6059 0.2782 0.5784 0.6299 4.89 % 10.17 % 11.08 % 

9 5.6118 -0.6677 -0.7736 0.0922 0.2213 0.2269 1.64 % 3.94 % 4.04 % 

10 5.5754 -0.1881 -1.0777 0.1081 0.1757 0.2680 1.94 % 3.15 % 4.81 % 

11 5.4591 -0.2681 -1.6152 0.1340 0.3745 0.4166 2.45 % 6.86 % 7.63 % 

12 5.5536 -0.3821 -1.0031 0.1025 0.3133 0.2301 1.85 % 5.64 % 4.14 % 
C79 

Figure C73.Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 100 bins). 

Figure C74. Histogram of 10-second intervals (xb = 4 ft, blower frequency = 25 Hz, 25 bins). 
C80 

a) Run 351 average velocity and standard deviation about the average velocity. 

b) Run 351 RMS velocity fluctuation and standard deviation about the average RMS velocity fluctuation. 

c) Run 351 average velocity from each 10-second interval 

Figure C75. Run 351 total velocity measurements. 
D1 

APPENDIX D—TURBULENCE DATA 

Table D1. Relative turbulence intensity measurements from 2-minute records. 

Run (m/s) (m/s) (%) (ft) 

327 11.9776 0.9795 8.1776 1 

328 6.2198 0.4277 6.8761 1 

329 11.3456 0.4745 4.1822 2 

330 11.4110 0.6599 5.7832 2 

331 5.8343 0.3644 6.2463 2 

332 10.9082 0.3818 3.5006 4 

333 5.6025 0.1987 3.5467 4 

334 10.9133 0.2533 2.3207 8 

335 5.5453 0.0931 1.6792 8 

336 10.8924 0.2141 1.9652 12 

337 5.6027 0.0844 1.5065 12 

338 10.8803 0.1826 1.6786 16 

339 5.5189 0.0714 1.2933 16 

340 10.8477 0.1709 1.5753 

341 5.6497 0.1347 2.3839 

342 10.8626 0.2004 1.8449 

343 5.7227 0.1527 2.6682 

344 10.9923 0.1746 1.5880 20 

345 5.7439 0.0911 1.5862 20 

346 10.9855 0.2293 2.0869 12 

347 5.7080 0.0828 1.4497 12 

348 10.8779 0.1824 1.6770 8 

349 5.6955 0.1109 1.9466 8 

350 10.8909 0.3372 3.0963 4 

351 5.6698 0.1631 2.8759 4 
D2 

Table D2. Relative turbulence intensity measurements from 10-second intervals. 

Run Mean Ivel (%) 95% Confidence Interval (%) (ft) 

327 7.9528 0.8488 1 

328 6.6212 0.5151 1 

329 4.0053 0.7062 2 

330 5.5225 0.8485 2 

331 5.7105 1.2931 2 

332 3.0533 0.9157 4 

333 3.2175 0.9096 4 

334 2.0916 0.3886 8 

335 1.6312 0.2263 8 

336 1.8268 0.1316 12 

337 1.3282 0.0696 12 

338 1.5758 0.0283 16 

339 1.2718 0.0228 16 

340 1.5552 0.0244 

341 1.8507 0.5676 

342 1.7382 0.0563 

343 1.8575 0.5930 

344 1.5276 0.0573 20 

345 1.5021 0.2057 20 

346 1.7793 0.2018 12 

347 1.3547 0.1118 12 

348 1.6391 0.0502 8 

349 1.7940 0.2130 8 

350 2.8669 0.6948 4 

351 2.4605 0.7640 4 
E1 

APPENDIX E—PHOTO SUMMARY OF UPWIND BUILDINGS TESTING 

In the 2 days prior to the turbulence intensity measurements with the two-dimensional blockage, 

three different configurations of blockage in front of the 1/50th-scale inlet were tested in the 80- 

by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel. The first was a baseline indicator and had no buildings or blockage in 

front of the inlet face. The second tested the existing buildings of Mountain View (four low 

warehouse buildings) plus two NASA buildings (N258 and the trailers), and the weather tower. 

The final configuration tested all existing buildings plus the future Google complex. Table E1 

describes the run matrix for the 2 days of testing. For the ambient and inlet measurements, the 

Alnor probe was used. Measurements for the ambient wind and temperature values were made 

67 feet ahead of the inlet on the centerline at 78 inches above the full-scale test section floor. 

These values were collected with the blower off. Values marked with asterisks in Table E1 were 

measured 38.5 feet on the port side of the inlet while the blower was on idle. 

As can be seen from runs 381–284 in Table E1, the weather tower was accidentally included in 

what should have been a “No-Building” scenario. The following photos show the configurations 

that were used throughout testing. 
E2 

Table E1. Run table for Google complex testing (day 1). 

Run Date/Time Executed Description 

Inlet 

Temp 

(°C) 

Inlet 

Wind 

Speed 

(m/s) 

Ambient 

Temp 

(°C) 

Ambient 

Wind 

Speed 

(m/s) 

277 10 Sept 2013, 7:20AM All Buildings 17.0 0.03 17.1 0.13 

278 10 Sept 2013, 7:25AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

279 10 Sept 2013, 8:12 AM Existing Buildings 17.5 0.12 17.1 0.15 

280 10 Sept 2013, 8:18AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

281 10 Sept 2013, 8:29AM Weather Tower Only -- -- 17.1* -- 

282 10 Sept 2013, 8:34AM Weather Tower Only -- -- -- -- 

283 10 Sept 2013, 8:38AM Weather Tower Only -- -- -- -- 

284 10 Sept 2013, 8:43AM Weather Tower Only -- -- -- -- 

285 10 Sept 2013, 8:55AM Existing Buildings 17.2 0.12 17.2 0.23 

286 10 Sept 2013, 8:59AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

287 10 Sept 2013, 9:14AM All Buildings 17.5 0.01 17.4 0.03 

288 10 Sept 2013, 9:17AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

289 10 Sept 2013, 9:21AM All Buildings -- -- 17.8* -- 

290 10 Sept 2013, 9:25AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

291 10 Sept 2013, 9:36AM Existing Buildings 17.9 0.02 18.0 0.17 

292 10 Sept 2013, 9:39AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

293 10 Sept 2013, 9:49AM No Buildings -- -- 18.0* -- 

294 10 Sept 2013, 9:53AM No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

295 10 Sept 2013, 9:57AM No Buildings -- -- 18.1* -- 

296 10 Sept 2013, 10:01AM No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

297 10 Sept 2013, 10:04AM No Buildings -- -- 18.2* -- 

298 10 Sept 2013, 10:08M No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

299 10 Sept 2013, 10:17AM Existing Buildings 18.3 -- 18.3 0.12 

300 10 Sept 2013, 10:20AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

301 10 Sept 2013, 10:34AM All Buildings 18.5 0.04 18.6 0.13 

302 10 Sept 2013, 10:38AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

303 11 Sept 2013, 7:22AM All Buildings 15.2 -- 15.2 0.41 
E3 

Table E2. Run table for Google complex testing (day 1) (cont.) 

Run Date/Time Executed Description 

Inlet 

Temp 

(°C) 

Inlet 

Wind 

Speed 

(m/s) 

Ambient 

Temp 

(°C) 

Ambient 

Wind 

Speed 

(m/s) 

304 11 Sept 2013, 7:28AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

305 11 Sept 2013, 7:39AM Existing Buildings 15.1 0.04 15.0 0.28 

306 11 Sept 2013, 7:46AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

307 11 Sept 2013, 7:57AM No Buildings 15.1 -- 15.1 0.27 

308 11 Sept 2013, 8:02AM No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

309 11 Sept 2013, 8:08AM No Buildings -- -- 15.6 -- 

310 1 Sept 2013, 8:14AM No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

311 11 Sept 2013, 8:25AM Existing Buildings 15.9 -- 15.9 0.32 

312 11 Sept 2013, 8:32AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

313 11 Sept 2013, 8:50AM All Buildings 16.7 0.02 16.7 0.31 

314 11 Sept 2013, 8:55AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

315 11 Sept 2013, 9:00AM All Buildings -- -- 16.7* -- 

316 11 Sept 2013, 9:07AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 

317 11 Sept 2013, 9:19AM Existing Buildings 17.1 0.12 17.1 0.31 

318 11 Sept 2013, 9:25AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

319 11 Sept 2013, 9:36AM No Buildings 17.7 0.05 17.7 0.25 

320 11 Sept 2013, 9:44AM No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

321 11 Sept 2013, 9:50AM No Buildings -- -- 17.9* -- 

322 11 Sept 2013, 9:57AM No Buildings -- -- -- -- 

323 11 Sept 2013, 10:13AM Existing Buildings 18.2 0.20 18.1 0.24 

324 11 Sept 2013, 10:18AM Existing Buildings -- -- -- -- 

325 11 Sept 2013, 10:31AM All Buildings 18.8 0.01 18.8 0.45 

326 11 Sept 2013, 10:38AM All Buildings -- -- -- -- 
E4 

a) No-building scenario 

Figure E1. No-building scenario beyond turntable. 

Figure E2. Turntable and tarp in front of inlet. 
E5 

b) Existing building scenario 

Figure E3. Existing NASA buildings in front of the inlet. 

Figure E4. Example of relative size of the Mountain View buildings. 

Building N258 

NASA trailers 

Weather tower 
E6 

Figure E5. Mountain View buildings (four total). 

Figure E6. Inlet with weather tower. Note: the weather tower is slightly offset 

from the inlet centerline. 
E7 

Figure E7. View from NASA buildings towards inlet and weather tower. 
E8 

c) Future building scenario 

Figure E8. View from Google buildings towards the inlet. 

Figure E9. Google buildings taped to tarp. 
E9 

Figure E10. View towards inlet for “all buildings” installation. 

Figure E11. Google buildings and NASA building N258 beyond the tarp. 
E10 

Figure E12. NASA buildings and weather tower in front of inlet. 

Figure E13. Moving the Google buildings.