# Patent

## Title
Flux composition

## Abstract

A flux composition includes a component (A) that is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by “MwZnxAlyFz (1)” (wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more. The flux composition prevents occurrence of a brazing defect and discoloration even when an aluminum alloy is brazed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.

## Background
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a flux composition that is used when subjecting an aluminum member or an aluminum alloy member to flux brazing.
BACKGROUND ART
A reduction in weight has been desired for an automotive heat exchanger made of aluminum in order to achieve a reduction in fuel consumption of an automotive engine and a reduction in cost, and a reduction in thickness of a material (e.g., tube) for producing a heat exchanger has been desired. However, since leakage of a refrigerant due to pitting corrosion of the aluminum alloy member may occur within a shorter period when the thickness of the material is reduced, it is important to provide the material with corrosion resistance while reducing the thickness of the material.
For example, a condenser used for an automotive heat exchanger is produced using a multi-port extruded tube having a flat cross-sectional shape as a tube that forms a refrigerant passage. When KZnF3 is applied to the outer circumferential surface of the tube, and the tube is brazed, KAlF4 is produced by the substitution reaction between Zn and Al, and removes an oxide film formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy. On the other hand, Zn produced by the substitution reaction forms a Zn diffusion layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy member, and improves corrosion resistance (see Patent Document 1). Specifically, when KZnF3 is applied to the aluminum alloy member, and the aluminum alloy member is brazed, KZnF3 reacts with Al that forms the surface of the aluminum alloy member at about 550° C., and is decomposed into Zn and a potassium fluoroaluminate (e.g., KAlF4 and K2AlF5) (i.e., a noncorrosive flux normally used for brazing). Zn produced by decomposition of KZnF3 diffuses into the surface of the aluminum alloy member, and forms a Zn diffusion layer. On the other hand, the potassium fluoroaluminate removes an oxide film formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy member so that wetting occurs between the filler metal and the aluminum alloy member, and the aluminum alloy member is joined.
The Zn diffusion layer has a natural electrode potential lower than that of the aluminum alloy member that forms the tube, and is preferentially corroded as compared with the aluminum alloy member due to a sacrificial anode effect caused by galvanic action to prevent the tube from undergoing pitting corrosion. Since KZnF3 ensures that the Zn diffusion layer has a uniform Zn concentration as compared with Zn arc spraying, it is possible to suppress contamination of the work environment that occurs when a thermally sprayed powder is scattered around the surface of the tube material, and reduce the application amount.
However, KZnF3 may not normally function during brazing when the oxygen concentration in the brazing furnace is high. In such a case, since an oxide film is not removed, the molten filler metal may not spread, and a fillet may not be formed. When the aluminum alloy member is brazed using KZnF3 in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, Zn and K3AlF6 (having a high melting point) (covered with a thick oxide film) produced from KZnF3 that has reacted with oxygen in the brazing furnace during brazing may remain on the surface of the aluminum alloy member as a residue, whereby the surface of the aluminum alloy member may be discolored, and a deterioration in external appearance may occur.
When KZnF3 is stored in an atmosphere having high humidity, KZnF3 may deteriorate, and not normally function during brazing. In such a case, since an oxide film is not removed, the molten filler metal may not spread, and a fillet may not be formed.
In order to prevent such a situation, it is necessary to store KZnF3 in a storage area in which dehumidification equipment is installed.
In this case, however, since it is necessary to always operate the dehumidification equipment, the electricity cost increases, and frequent maintenance of the dehumidification equipment is required. This results in an increase in production cost.
KZnF3 is easily affected by the flow of the molten filler metal, and may flow together with the filler metal when the filler metal flows toward the fin, and forms a fillet. In this case, the Zn concentration in the surface of the tube between the fillets (for which corrosion resistance is required) decreases, and the Zn concentration in the fillet increases, whereby the fillet is preferentially corroded, and the fin is separated at an early stage.
In order to solve the above problems, a method that utilizes a mixture of KZnF3 and a noncorrosive flux (e.g., KAlF4 or K2AlF5) has been proposed, for example (see Patent Document 2).
Specifically, when the noncorrosive flux that does not easily deteriorate during brazing even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, and removes an oxide film, is mixed with KZnF3 that reacts with the surface of the aluminum alloy member to remove an oxide film and form a Zn diffusion layer, and the mixture is heated, the flux mixture spreads at a temperature lower than the melting point of the filler metal, and the Zn concentration in the Zn diffusion layer between the fillets becomes uniform.
RELATED-ART DOCUMENT
Patent Document


    Patent Document 1: JP-A-61-293699 (claims)
    Patent Document 2: JP-A-2006-255755 (claims)


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Technical Problem
When using the flux mixture disclosed in Patent Document 2, however, a brazing defect or discoloration may also occur when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.
An object of the invention is to provide a flux composition that prevents occurrence of a brazing defect and discoloration even when an aluminum alloy is brazed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.
Solution to Problem
The inventors of the invention conducted extensive studies in order to achieve the above object. As a result, the inventors found that it is possible to prevent a brazing defect, form a good Zn diffusion layer, and prevent discoloration even when an aluminum alloy is brazed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, by brazing an aluminum alloy using a flux composition (flux) that includes an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate in a ratio equal to or more than a specific ratio. This finding has led to the completion of the invention.

    (1) According to one aspect of the invention, a flux composition includes a component (A) that is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more,

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

    (2) The flux composition according to (1), including only the component (A).
    (3) The flux composition according to (1), including the component (A), and a flux component other than the component (A), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.
    (4) The flux composition according to (1), including the component (A), and a component (B) that is one type of powder or two or more types of powders selected from a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate, the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.
    (5) The flux composition according to (1), including the component (A), and a component (C) that is one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, and Zn, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder, the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.
    (6) According to another aspect of the invention, a flux composition includes a component (A) that is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the general formula (1), a component (B) that is one type of powder or two or more types of powders selected from a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate, and a component (C) that is one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, and Zn, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder, the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.
    (7) According to another aspect of the invention, a mixture includes the flux composition according to any one of (1) to (6), and an organic resin binder.


Advantageous Effects Of The Invention
The aspects of the invention thus provide a flux composition that prevents occurrence of a brazing defect and discoloration even when an aluminum alloy is brazed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a testing material assembly method used for a brazing test.



DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The component (A) used in connection with the embodiments of the invention is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1).

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

When an aluminum alloy member is brazed in a state in which the component (A) is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy member, the component (A) is decomposed into Zn and an alkali metal fluoroaluminate (e.g., MAlF4, M2AlF5, or M3AlF6) (M is K or Cs) at a temperature lower than the brazing temperature. Zn that has been produced by decomposition of the component (A) diffuses into the aluminum alloy member to form a Zn diffusion layer. The Zn diffusion layer ensures that the aluminum alloy member exhibits corrosion resistance that prevents a situation in which leakage of a refrigerant occurs due to pitting corrosion. The alkali metal fluoroaluminate (e.g., MAlF4) that has been produced by decomposition of the component (A) functions as a flux, and removes an oxide film formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy member.
Specific examples of the alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the general formula (1) include KZnAlF6, K2ZnAlF7, KZn2AlF8, KZnAl2F9, CsZnAlF6, Cs2ZnAlF7, CsZn2AlF8, CsZnAl2F9, and the like.
The component (A) may be one type of the alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the general formula (1), or may be a combination of two or more types of the alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the general formula (1).
The component (B) used in connection with the embodiments of the invention is one type of powder or two or more types of powders selected from a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate. The component (B) may be either or both of a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate.
When an aluminum alloy member is brazed in a state in which a mixture of the component (A) and the component (B) is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy member, the component (B) functions as a flux, and removes an oxide film formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy member.
Specific examples of the alkali metal fluoroaluminate include KAlF4, K2AlF5, K3AlF6, CsAlF4, Cs2AlF5, Cs3AlF6, and the like. The component (B) may include only one type of alkali metal fluoroaluminate, or may include two or more types of alkali metal fluoroaluminates.
Specific examples of the alkali metal fluorozincate include KZnF3, K2ZnF4, K3Zn2F7, CsZnF3, Cs2ZnF4, CsZn2F7, and the like. The component (B) may include only one type of alkali metal fluorozincate, or may include two or more types of alkali metal fluorozincates.
The component (B) may be one type of powder or two or more types of powders of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate, or may be one type of powder or two or more types of powders of an alkali metal fluorozincate, or may be a combination of one type of powder or two or more types of powders of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and one type of powder or two or more types of powders of an alkali metal fluorozincate.
The component (C) used in connection with the embodiments of the invention is one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder. The component (C) is used to improve the properties of an aluminum alloy member that is joined by flux brazing, and provide a filler metal-producing function, a sacrificial anode layer-forming function, a function of reducing the melting point of the filler metal, and the like. The aluminum alloy used as the component (C) includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, and Zn. The content of each metal element included in the aluminum alloy used as the component (C) may be appropriately selected taking account of the properties that are improved or provided by incorporating the component (C) in the flux composition.
The flux composition according to the embodiments of the invention includes the component (A) (i.e., a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1)), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

The content of the component (A) in the flux composition according to the embodiments of the invention is 50 mass % or more, preferably 70 mass % or more, and particularly preferably 80 mass % or more. When the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is within the above range, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and the properties of the flux that removes an oxide film formed on the surface of an aluminum alloy member are improved, even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a brazing defect and discoloration. If the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is less than the above range, a brazing defect or discoloration may occur when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.
A flux composition according to a first embodiment of the invention (hereinafter may be referred as “flux composition (1)”) includes only the component (A) (i.e., a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1)).

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

The flux composition (1) according to the first embodiment of the invention includes only the component (A). Note that the expression “includes only the component (A)” means that the flux composition (1) substantially includes only the component (A), and may include unavoidable impurities.
When an aluminum alloy is brazed in a state in which the component (A) is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy member, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur. Therefore, when an aluminum alloy (member) is brazed using the flux composition (1) according to the first embodiment of the invention as a flux, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
The average particle size of the flux composition (1) according to the first embodiment of the invention is preferably 80 μm or less, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 μm. When the average particle size of the flux composition is within the above range, the flux composition exhibits high reactivity with an aluminum alloy, and the effect of suppressing a chemical reaction with oxygen is improved. This ensures that a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
A flux composition according to a second embodiment of the invention (hereinafter may be referred as “flux composition (2)”) includes the component (A) (i.e., a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1)), and a flux component other than the component (A), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

The flux composition (2) according to the second embodiment of the invention includes only the component (A), and the flux component other than the component (A). Note that the expression “includes only the component (A) and the flux component other than the component (A)” means that the flux composition substantially includes only the component (A) and the flux component other than the component (A), and may include unavoidable impurities.
The flux component other than the component (A) that is included in the flux composition (2) according to the second embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited as long as the flux component functions as a flux that removes an oxide film formed on the surface of an aluminum alloy. Examples of the flux component include K2SiF6 and the like that may be used as the component (B).
The content of the component (A) in the flux composition (2) according to the second embodiment of the invention is 50 mass % or more, preferably 70 mass % or more, and particularly preferably 80 mass % or more. When the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is within the above range, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur. If the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is less than the above range, a brazing defect or discoloration may occur when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.
The average particle size of the flux composition (2) according to the second embodiment of the invention is preferably 80 μm or less, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 μm. When the average particle size of the flux composition is within the above range, the flux composition exhibits high reactivity with an aluminum alloy, and the effect of suppressing a chemical reaction with oxygen is improved. This ensures that a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
A flux composition according to a third embodiment of the invention (hereinafter may be referred as “flux composition (3)”) includes the component (A) (i.e., a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1)), and the component (B) (i.e., one type of powder or two or more types of powders selected from a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

The flux composition (3) according to the third embodiment of the invention includes only the component (A) and the component (B). Note that the expression “includes only the component (A) and the component (B)” means that the flux composition (3) substantially includes only the component (A) and the component (B), and may include unavoidable impurities.
The content of the component (A) in the flux composition (3) according to the third embodiment of the invention is 50 mass % or more, preferably 70 mass % or more, and particularly preferably 80 mass % or more. When the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is within the above range, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur. If the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is less than the above range, a brazing defect or discoloration may occur when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.
The average particle size of the flux composition (3) according to the third embodiment of the invention is preferably 80 μm or less, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 μm. When the average particle size of the flux composition is within the above range, the flux composition exhibits high reactivity with an aluminum alloy, and the effect of suppressing a chemical reaction with oxygen is improved. This ensures that a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
A flux composition according to a fourth embodiment of the invention (hereinafter may be referred as “flux composition (4)”) includes the component (A) (i.e., a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1)), and the component (C) (i.e., one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, and Zn, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

The flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention includes only the component (A) and the component (C). Note that the expression “includes only the component (A) and the component (C)” means that the flux composition (4) substantially includes only the component (A) and the component (C), and may include unavoidable impurities.
The content of the component (A) in the flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention is 50 mass % or more, preferably 70 mass % or more, and particularly preferably 80 mass % or more. When the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is within the above range, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur. If the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is less than the above range, a brazing defect or discoloration may occur when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity.
The flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention includes the component (C). When the flux composition includes the component (C), it is possible to improve the properties of an aluminum alloy member that is joined by flux brazing, and provide an aluminum alloy member that is joined by flux brazing with a filler metal-producing function, a sacrificial anode layer-forming function, a function of reducing the melting point of the filler metal, and the like. For example, it is possible to provide or adjust the amount of filler metal required for a fillet that is formed at the brazing target joint by utilizing a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes Si, an Al powder, an Si powder, or a combination thereof. It is possible to adjust the potential difference between the brazing target members, and provide a sacrificial anode by utilizing a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes Cu, a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes Zn, a Zn powder, a Cu powder, or a combination thereof. Since the melting point of the filler metal can be decreased, it is possible to decrease the brazing temperature. It is possible to improve the strength of the brazing target members by utilizing a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes Zn, a Zn powder, or a combination thereof.
The average particle size of the component (A) included in the flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention is preferably 80 μm or less, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 μm. When the average particle size of the component (A) included in the flux composition is within the above range, the component (A) exhibits high reactivity with an aluminum alloy, and the effect of suppressing a chemical reaction with oxygen is improved. This ensures that a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
Examples of a modification of the flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention include a flux composition (4′) (see below). The flux composition (4′) includes a component (C′) that is one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, Zn, Sr, Bi, and Ge, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, a Zn powder, an Sr powder, a Bi powder, and a Ge powder, instead of the component (C) included in the flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention. It is possible to improve the fluidity of the filler metal, and improve brazability by utilizing Sr or Bi. It is possible to reduce the temperature of reaction with an aluminum alloy member, and adjust the brazing temperature by utilizing Ge.
A flux composition according to a fifth embodiment of the invention (hereinafter may be referred as “flux composition (5)”) includes the component (A) (i.e., a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the following general formula (1)), the component (B) (i.e., one type of powder or two or more types of powders selected from a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate), and the component (C) (i.e., one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, and Zn, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more.

MwZnxAlyFz  (1)

wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1.

The flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention includes only the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C). Note that the expression “includes only the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C)” means that the flux composition (5) substantially includes only the component (A), the component (B), and the component (C), and may include unavoidable impurities.
The content of the component (A) in the flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention is 50 mass % or more, and preferably 70 mass % or more. When the content of the component (A) in the flux composition is within the above range, a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
The flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention includes the component (C). When the flux composition includes the component (C), it is possible to improve the properties of an aluminum alloy member that is joined by flux brazing, and provide an aluminum alloy member that is joined by flux brazing with a filler metal-producing function, a sacrificial anode layer-forming function, a function of reducing the melting point of the filler metal, and the like.
The content of the component (B) and the component (C) in the flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention is appropriately selected so that the content of the component (A) falls within the above range.
The average particle size of the component (A) and the component (B) included in the flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention is preferably 80 μm or less, and particularly preferably 1 to 50 μm. When the average particle size of the component (A) and the component (B) included in the flux composition is within the above range, the component (A) and the component (B) exhibit high reactivity with an aluminum alloy, and the effect of suppressing a chemical reaction with oxygen is improved. This ensures that a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur.
Examples of a modification of the flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention include a flux composition (5′) (see below). The flux composition (5′) includes a component (C′) that is one type of metal powder or two or more types of metal powders selected from a powder of an aluminum alloy that includes one type of metal element or two or more types of metal elements among Si, Cu, Zn, Sr, Bi, and Ge, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, a Zn powder, an Sr powder, a Bi powder, and a Ge powder, instead of the component (C) included in the flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention. It is possible to improve the fluidity of the filler metal, and improve brazability by utilizing Sr or Bi. It is possible to reduce the temperature of reaction with an aluminum alloy member, and adjust the brazing temperature by utilizing Ge.
A method for using the flux compositions according to the embodiments of the invention is described below. The flux composition (or the flux composition and an organic resin binder) is dispersed in water or a volatile solvent to prepare a slurry (i.e., a flux coating material that includes the flux composition). The flux coating material is applied to the surface of an aluminum alloy member, and dried at 100 to 200° C. so that the flux composition is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy member. The aluminum alloy member to which the flux composition is applied is brazed by heating at 570 to 620° C.
The flux coating material that includes the flux composition is thus used to apply the flux composition to the surface of the aluminum alloy member.
The dispersion medium included in the flux coating material in which the flux composition is dispersed, is a volatile solvent such as an alcohol (e.g., isopropanol), or water. The content of the flux composition in the flux coating material is appropriately selected taking account of the coating method, the application amount, and the like.
The flux coating material that includes the flux composition may include an organic resin binder. The organic resin binder is used to improve the adhesion of the flux composition to the aluminum alloy member when the flux composition is applied to the aluminum alloy member.
The organic resin binder is an organic resin that has a decomposition temperature of 500° C. or less, and does not impair brazability. The organic resin binder is not particularly limited as long as the organic resin binder is normally used as an organic resin binder for flux brazing.
The flux coating material that includes the flux composition may be applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy member using an arbitrary method. For example, the flux coating material is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy member using a known method such as a spray method, a dipping method, or a roll coating method. It is preferable to use the roll coating method due to high coating stability and high capacity. When using the roll coating method, the material that forms the surface of each roll, and the coating conditions (e.g., forward rotation and reverse rotation of the coater roll and the application roll) are appropriately determined taking account of the desired film thickness, the desired surface roughness, and the like, and the roll transfer conditions are selected taking account of the objective.
The application amount of the flux coating material that includes the flux composition is appropriately selected. The flux component is preferably applied in an amount of 1 to 50 g/m2, and particularly preferably 5 to 40 g/m2. Note that the term “flux component” refers to the component (A) when using the flux composition (1) according to the first embodiment of the invention, refers to the component (A) and the flux component other than the component (A) when using the flux composition (2) according to the second embodiment of the invention, refers to the component (A) and the component (B) when using the flux composition (3) according to the third embodiment of the invention, refers to the component (A) when using the flux composition (4) according to the fourth embodiment of the invention, and refers to the component (A) and the component (B) when using the flux composition (5) according to the fifth embodiment of the invention.
The flux coating material that includes the flux composition may be prepared by dispersing a mixture of the flux composition and the organic resin binder in a volatile solvent or water.
The flux compositions according to the embodiments of the invention make it possible to ensure that a Zn diffusion layer is formed in a stable manner, and excellent flux properties are obtained even when brazing is performed in an atmosphere having a high oxygen concentration, or an atmosphere having high humidity, and a brazing defect and discoloration do not occur. It is also possible to increase the wetting area, and form a uniform Zn diffusion layer. The flux compositions according to the embodiments of the invention may suitably be used for brazing as a noncorrosive flux, and may be used as a flux that is applied when brazing a condenser of an automotive heat exchanger for which corrosion resistance is mainly improved by a sacrificial corrosion prevention effect due to a Zn diffusion layer.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 and Comparative Example 1
Experimental Flux Composition
An aluminum sheet brazing test was performed using a powder of MwZnxAlyFz (content: 100 mass %) as a flux composition. A powder of KZnAlF6, a powder of K2ZnAlF7, a powder of KZn2AlF8, a powder of KZnAl2F9, a powder of CsZnAlF6, a powder of Cs2ZnAlF7, a powder of CsZn2AlF8, and a powder of CsZnAl2F9 (content: 100 mass %) for which the average particle size was adjusted as shown in Table 1, were provided as typical examples of MwZnxAlyFz.
Table 1 shows the composition and the average particle size of each flux composition used for the brazing test.
Adjustment of Average Particle Size
The average particle size of the powder was adjusted by grinding the powder (metal salt powder) using a ball mill.
Measurement of Average Particle Size
The powder was dispersed in ethanol, and the average particle size thereof was measured using an optical transmission particle size distribution analyzer (laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analyzer) (“LA-700” manufactured by Horiba Ltd.). Note that the average particle size refers to the particle size (D50) at 50% in the cumulative volume particle size distribution.
Brazing Test
The flux composition was diluted with an equal amount of purified water, and the dilution was applied to the filler metal side of an aluminum alloy double-layer clad sheet (thickness: 1.0 mm, width: 25 mm, length: 60 mm, filler metal: 4045, thickness of filler metal: 50 μm, core material: A3003, thickness of core material: 950 μm) using a bar coater so that the flux component was applied in an amount of 20 g/m2. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the aluminum alloy double-layer clad sheet was placed horizontally so that the side to which the flux composition was applied was situated on the upper side, and an A3003-O aluminum alloy sheet (thickness: 1.0 mm, width: 25 mm, length: 55 mm) was vertically secured on the aluminum alloy double-layer clad sheet (in the shape of the character “T”) using a jig. The assembly was introduced into a furnace (nitrogen gas atmosphere, average oxygen concentration: 100 ppm, dew point: −40° C. or less), and brazed at 600° C. for 3 minutes. After cooling the assembly to 500° C. or less in the furnace, the assembly (specimen) was removed from the furnace.
Evaluation of Brazability
The joining ratio and the size of the fillet formed at the joint between the horizontal aluminum alloy double-layer clad sheet and the vertical A3003-O aluminum alloy sheet, and the presence or absence of a surface residue were evaluated. Note that the joining ratio (%) is the ratio of the length L1 of the fillet formed at the joint between the horizontal aluminum alloy double-layer clad sheet and the vertical A3003-O aluminum alloy sheet, to the length L2 of the contact area between the horizontal aluminum alloy double-layer clad sheet and the vertical A3003-O aluminum alloy sheet (joining ratio (%)=(L1/L2)×100). The specimen was embedded in a resin, and a magnified photograph of the cross section of the joint was captured to evaluate the size of the fillet. Specifically, the size of the evaluation target fillet was determined to be “large” when the size of the evaluation target fillet was close to the size of the fillet of specimen Ab1 of Example 1, determined to be “medium” when the size of the evaluation target fillet was close to the size of the fillet of specimen Aa2 of Example 1, and determined to be “small” when the size of the evaluation target fillet was smaller the size of the fillet of specimen Ab2. The presence or absence of a surface residue was determined with the naked eye. When a white residue (unreacted flux) and whitening were observed, or when a discolored residue and discoloring were observed, the specimen was determined to be unacceptable even when the joining ratio was 100%. When a significant residue was not observed, the specimen was determined to be acceptable even when the surface after brazing was dull white. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
















TABLE 1








Average 




External 






particle 


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Speci-
Flux 
size

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of
surface



men
composition
(μm)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
of aluminum







Example 1
Ab1
KZnAlF6
20
Example 1
Ab1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ab2
KZnAlF6
70

Ab2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bb1
K2ZnAlF7
20

Bb1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Bb2
K2ZnAlF7
70

Bb2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cb1
KZn2AlF8
20

Cb1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Cb2
KZn2AlF8
70

Cb2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Db1
KZnAl2F9
20

Db1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Db2
KZnAl2F9
70

Db2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Eb1
CsZnAlF6
20

Eb1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Eb2
CsZnAlF6
70

Eb2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fb1
Cs2ZnAlF7
20

Fb1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fb2
Cs2ZnAIF7
70

Fb2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gb1
CsZn2AlF8
20

Gb1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Gb2
CsZn2AlF8
70

Gb2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hb1
CsZnAl2F9
20

Hb1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Hb2
CsZnAl2F9
70

Hb2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent









As shown in Table 1, good results were obtained in Example 1.
Example 2 and Comparative Example 2
Flux Composition
A powder of KZnAlF6, a powder of KZn2AlF8, a powder of KZnAl2F9, a powder of CsZnAlF6, a powder of Cs2ZnAlF7, a powder of CsZn2AlF8, and a powder of CsZnAl2F9 (content: 100 mass %) (average particle size: 10 μm) (see Table 2) were provided as a flux composition.
A powder of KZnF3 (content: 100 mass %) (average particle size: 10 μm) was provided as a comparative flux composition.
Brazing Test
The brazing test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, except that the average oxygen concentration in the furnace was changed as shown in Table 2.
Evaluation of Brazability
The brazability was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.
















TABLE 2








Average 




External 
Residue





oxygen


Joining 

appearance 
on surface 



Speci-
Flux 
concentration

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface 
of



men
composition
(ppm)

men
(%)
fillet
of aluminum
aluminum
























Example 2
Ac1
KZnAlF6
50
Example 2
Ac1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ac2
KZnAlF6
500

Ac2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ac3
KZnAlF6
1000

Ac3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Bc1
K2ZnAlF7
50

Bc1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Bc2
K2ZnAlF7
500

Bc2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bc3
K2ZnAlF7
1000

Bc3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Cc1
KZn2AlF8
50

Cc1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Cc2
KZn2AlF8
500

Cc2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cc3
KZn2AlF8
1000

Cc3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Dc1
KZnAl2F9
50

Dc1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Dc2
KZnAl2F9
500

Dc2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dc3
KZnAl2F9
1000

Dc3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Ec1
CsZnAlF6
50

Ec1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ec2
CsZnAlF6
500

Ec2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ec3
CsZnAlF6
1000

Ec3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Fc1
Cs2ZnAlF7
50

Fc1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fc2
Cs2ZnAlF7
500

Fc2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fc3
Cs2ZnAlF7
1000

Fc3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Gc1
CsZn2AlF8
50

Gc1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Gc2
CsZn2AlF8
500

Gc2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gc3
CsZn2AlF8
1000

Gc3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent



Hc1
CsZnAl2F9
50

Hc1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Hc2
CsZnAl2F9
500

Hc2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hc3
CsZnAl2F9
1000

Hc3
100
Medium
Dull white
Absent


Comparative
Ic1
KZnF3
50
Comparative
Ic1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


Example 2
Ic2
KZnF3
500
Example 2
Ic2
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ic3
KZnF3
1000

Ic3
0
—
White
Present (white)









As shown in Table 2, good results were obtained in Example 2 even when the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere during brazing was high. The surface of aluminum of specimens Ac3, Bc3, Dc3, Ec3, Fc3, and Hc3 was dull white to some extent, but the degree of whitening was at an acceptable level.
In Comparative Example 2, no problem occurred when the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere during brazing was low (Ic1). However, when the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere during brazing was high, a discolored residue and discoloring were observed (Ic2), or most of KZnF3 remained unreacted, and a fillet was not formed (Ic3).
Example 3 and Comparative Example 3
Flux Composition
The materials shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 were mixed in the mixing ratio shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4 to prepare a powder mixture (flux composition) (average particle size: 10 μm).
The materials shown in Tables 3-5 to 3-8 were mixed in the mixing ratio shown in Tables 3-5 to 3-8 to prepare a powder mixture (comparative flux composition) (average particle size: 10 μm).
Brazing Test
The brazing test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, except that the average oxygen concentration in the furnace was changed to 500 ppm.
Evaluation of Brazability
The brazability was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-8.
















TABLE 3-1













External 






Mixing 


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Example 3
Ad1
KZnAlF6/KAlF4
90/10
Example 3
Ad1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad2
KZnAlF6/KAlF4
55/45

Ad2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad3
KZnAlF6/K2AlF4
90/10

Ad3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad4
KZnAlF6/K2AlF4
55/45

Ad4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad5
KZnAlF6/K3AlF4
90/10

Ad5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad6
KZnAlF6/K3AlF4
55/45

Ad6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad7
KZnAlF6/CsAlF4
90/10

Ad7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad8
KZnAlF6/CsAlF4
55/45

Ad8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad9
KZnAlF6/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Ad9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad10
KZnAlF6/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Ad10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad11
KZnAlF6/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Ad11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad12
KZnAlF6/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Ad12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad13
KZnAlF6/KZnF3
90/10

Ad13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad14
KZnAlF6/KZnF3
55/45

Ad14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad15
KZnAlF6/K2ZnF4
90/10

Ad15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad16
KZnAlF6/K2ZnF4
55/45

Ad16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad17
KZnAlF6/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Ad17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad18
KZnAlF6/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Ad18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad19
KZnAlF6/CsZnF3
90/10

Ad19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad20
KZnAlF6/CsZnF3
55/45

Ad20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad21
KZnAlF6/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Ad21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad22
KZnAlF6/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Ad22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad23
KZnAlF6/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Ad23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ad24
KZnAlF6/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Ad24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd1
K2ZnAlF7/KAlF4
90/10

Bd1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd2
K2ZnAlF7/KAlF4
55/45

Bd2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd3
K2ZnAlF7/K2AlF5
90/10

Bd3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd4
K2ZnAlF7/K2AlF5
55/45

Bd4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd5
K2ZnAlF7/K3AlF6
90/10

Bd5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd6
K2ZnAlF7/K3AlF6
55/45

Bd6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd7
K2ZnAlF7/CsAlF4
90/10

Bd7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd8
K2ZnAlF7/CsAlF4
55/45

Bd8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd9
K2ZnAlF7/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Bd9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd10
K2ZnAlF7/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Bd10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd11
K2ZnAlF7/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Bd11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd12
K2ZnAlF7/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Bd12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd13
K2ZnAlF7/KZnF3
90/10

Bd13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd14
K2ZnAlF7/KZnF3
55/45

Bd14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd15
K2ZnAlF7/K2ZnF4
90/10

Bd15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd16
K2ZnAlF7/K2ZnF4
55/45

Bd16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd17
K2ZnAlF7/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Bd17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd18
K2ZnAlF7/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Bd18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd19
K2ZnAlF7/CsZnF3
90/10

Bd19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd20
K2ZnAlF7/CsZnF3
55/45

Bd20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd21
K2ZnAlF7/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Bd21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd22
K2ZnAlF7/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Bd22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd23
K2ZnAlF7/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Bd23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Bd24
K2ZnAlF7/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Bd24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 3-2













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Example 3
Cd1
KZn2AlF8/KAlF4
90/10
Example 3 
Cd1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd2
KZn2AlF8/KAlF4
55/45

Cd2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd3
KZn2AlF8/K2AlF5
90/10

Cd3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd4
KZn2AlF8/K2AlF5
55/45

Cd4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd5
KZn2AlF8/K3AlF6
90/10

Cd5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd6
KZn2AlF8/K3AlF6
55/45

Cd6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd7
KZn2AlF8/CsAlF4
90/10

Cd7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd8
KZn2AlF8/CsAlF4
55/45

Cd8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd9
KZn2AlF8/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Cd9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd10
KZn2AlF8/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Cd10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd11
KZn2AlF8/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Cd11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd12
KZn2AlF8/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Cd12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd13
KZn2AlF8/KZnF3
90/10

Cd13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd14
KZn2AlF8/KZnF3
55/45

Cd14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd15
KZn2AlF8/K2ZnF4
90/10

Cd15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd16
KZn2AlF8/K2ZnF4
55/45

Cd16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd17
KZn2AlF8/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Cd17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd18
KZn2AlF8/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Cd18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd19
KZn2AlF8/CsZnF3
90/10

Cd19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd20
KZn2AlF8/CsZnF3
55/45

Cd20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd21
KZn2AlF8/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Cd21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd22
KZn2AlF8/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Cd22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd23
KZn2AlF8/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Cd23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Cd24
KZn2AlF8/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Cd24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd1
KZnAl2F9/KAlF4
90/10

Dd1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd2
KZnAl2F9/KAlF4
55/45

Dd2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd3
KZnAl2F9/K2AlF5
90/10

Dd3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd4
KZnAl2F9/K2AlF5
55/45

Dd4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd5
KZnAl2F9/K3AlF6
90/10

Dd5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd6
KZnAl2F9/K3AlF6
55/45

Dd6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd7
KZnAl2F9/CsAlF4
90/10

Dd7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd8
KZnAl2F9/CsAlF4
55/45

Dd8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd9
KZnAl2F9/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Dd9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd10
KZnAl2F9/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Dd10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd11
KZnAl2F9/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Dd11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd12
KZnAl2F9/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Dd12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd13
KZnAl2F9/KZnF3
90/10

Dd13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd14
KZnAl2F9/KZnF3
55/45

Dd14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd15
KZnAl2F9/K2ZnF4
90/10

Dd15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd16
KZnAl2F9/K2ZnF4
55/45

Dd16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd17
KZnAl2F9/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Dd17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd18
KZnAl2F9/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Dd18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd19
KZnAl2F9/CsZnF3
90/10

Dd19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd20
KZnAl2F9/CsZnF3
55/45

Dd20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd21
KZnAl2F9/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Dd21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd22
KZnAl2F9/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Dd22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd23
KZnAl2F9/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Dd23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Dd24
KZnAl2F9/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Dd24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 3-3













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Example 3
Ed1
CsZnAlF6/KAlF4
90/10
Example 3
Ed1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed2
CsZnAlF6/KAlF4
55/45

Ed2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed3
CsZnAlF6/K2AlF5
90/10

Ed3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed4
CsZnAlF6/K2AlF5
55/45

Ed4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed5
CsZnAlF6/K3AlF6
90/10

Ed5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed6
CsZnAlF6/K3AlF6
55/45

Ed6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed7
CsZnAlF6/CsAlF4
90/10

Ed7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed8
CsZnAlF6/CsAlF4
55/45

Ed8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed9
CsZnAlF6/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Ed9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed10
CsZnAlF6/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Ed10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed11
CsZnAlF6/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Ed11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed12
CsZnAlF6/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Ed12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed13
CsZnAlF6/KZnF3
90/10

Ed13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed14
CsZnAlF6/KZnF3
55/45

Ed14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed15
CsZnAlF6/K2ZnF4
90/10

Ed15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed16
CsZnAlF6/K2ZnF4
55/45

Ed16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed17
CsZnAlF6/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Ed17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed18
CsZnAlF6/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Ed18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed19
CsZnAlF6/CsZnF3
90/10

Ed19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed20
CsZnAlF6/CsZnF3
55/45

Ed20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed21
CsZnAlF6/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Ed21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed22
CsZnAlF6/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Ed22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed23
CsZnAlF6/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Ed23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Ed24
CsZnAlF6/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Ed24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd1
Cs2ZnAlF7/KAlF4
90/10

Fd1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd2
Cs2ZnAlF7/KAlF4
55/45

Fd2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd3
Cs2ZnAlF7/K2AlF5
90/10

Fd3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd4
Cs2ZnAlF7/K2AlF5
55/45

Fd4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd5
Cs2ZnAlF7/K3AlF6
90/10

Fd5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd6
Cs2ZnAlF7/K3AlF6
55/45

Fd6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd7
Cs2ZnAlF7/CsAlF4
90/10

Fd7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd8
Cs2ZnAlF7/CsAlF4
55/45

Fd8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd9
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Fd9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd10
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Fd10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd11
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Fd11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd12
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Fd12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd13
Cs2ZnAlF7/KZnF3
90/10

Fd13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd14
Cs2ZnAlF7/KZnF3
55/45

Fd14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd15
Cs2ZnAlF7/K2ZnF4
90/10

Fd15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd16
Cs2ZnAlF7/K2ZnF4
55/45

Fd16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd17
Cs2ZnAlF7/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Fd17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd18
Cs2ZnAlF7/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Fd18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd19
Cs2ZnAlF7/CsZnF3
90/10

Fd19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd20
Cs2ZnAlF7/CsZnF3
55/45

Fd20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd21
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Fd21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd22
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Fd22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd23
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Fd23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Fd24
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Fd24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 3-4













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Example 3
Gd1
Cs2ZnAlF8/KAlF4
90/10
Example 3
Gd1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd2
Cs2ZnAlF8/KAlF4
55/45

Gd2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd3
Cs2ZnAlF8/K2AlF5
90/10

Gd3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd4
Cs2ZnAlF8/K2AlF5
55/45

Gd4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd5
Cs2ZnAlF8/K3AlF6
90/10

Gd5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd6
Cs2ZnAlF8/K3AlF6
55/45

Gd6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd7
Cs2ZnAlF8/CsAlF4
90/10

Gd7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd8
Cs2ZnAlF8/CsAlF4
55/45

Gd8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd9
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Gd9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd10
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Gd10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd11
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Gd11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd12
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Gd12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd13
Cs2ZnAlF8/KZnF3
90/10

Gd13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd14
Cs2ZnAlF8/KZnF3
55/45

Gd14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd15
Cs2ZnAlF8/K2ZnF4
90/10

Gd15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd16
Cs2ZnAlF8/K2ZnF4
55/45

Gd16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd17
Cs2ZnAlF8/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Gd17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd18
Cs2ZnAlF8/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Gd18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd19
Cs2ZnAlF8/CsZnF3
90/10

Gd19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd20
Cs2ZnAlF8/CsZnF3
55/45

Gd20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd21
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Gd21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd22
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Gd22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd23
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Gd23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Gd24
Cs2ZnAlF8/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Gd24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd1
CsZnAl2F9/KAlF4
90/10

Hd1
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd2
CsZnAl2F9/KAlF4
55/45

Hd2
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd3
CsZnAl2F9/K2AlF5
90/10

Hd3
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd4
CsZnAl2F9/K2AlF5
55/45

Hd4
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd5 
CsZnAl2F9/K3AlF6
90/10

Hd5
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd6
CsZnAl2F9/K3AlF6
55/45

Hd6
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd7
CsZnAl2F9/CsAlF4
90/10

Hd7
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd8
CsZnAl2F9/CsAlF4
55/45

Hd8
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd9
CsZnAl2F9/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Hd9
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd10
CsZnAl2F9/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Hd10
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd11
CsZnAl2F9/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Hd11
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd12
CsZnAl2F9/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Hd12
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd13
CsZnAl2F9/KZnF3
90/10

Hd13
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd14
CsZnAl2F9/KZnF3
55/45

Hd14
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd15
CsZnAl2F9/K2ZnF4
90/10

Hd15
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd16
CsZnAl2F9/K2ZnF4
55/45

Hd16
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd17
CsZnAl2F9/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Hd17
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd18
CsZnAl2F9/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Hd18
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd19
CsZnAl2F9/CsZnF3
90/10

Hd19
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd20
CsZnAl2F9/CsZnF3
55/45

Hd20
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd21
CsZnAl2F9/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Hd21
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd22
CsZnAl2F9/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Hd22
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd23
CsZnAl2F9/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Hd23
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent



Hd24
CsZnAl2F9/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Hd24
100
Medium
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 3-5













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Comparative
Ad25
KZnAlF6/KAlF4
10/90
Comparative
Ad25
90
Small
White
Present (white)


Example 3
Ad26
KZnAlF6/K2AlF5
10/90
Example 3
Ad26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ad27
KZnAlF6/K3AlF6
10/90

Ad27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ad28
KZnAlF6/CsAlF4
10/90

Ad28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ad29
KZnAlF6/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Ad29
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ad30
KZnAlF6/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Ad30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ad31
KZnAlF6/KZnF3
10/90

Ad31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Ad32
KZnAlF6/K2ZnF4
10/90

Ad32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ad33
KZnAlF6/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Ad33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ad34
KZnAlF6/CsZnF3
10/90

Ad34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ad35
KZnAlF6/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Ad35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ad36
KZnAlF6/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Ad36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Bd25
K2ZnAlF7/KAlF4
10/90

Bd25
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Bd26
K2ZnAlF7/K2AlF5
10/90

Bd26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Bd27
K2ZnAlF7/K3AlF6
10/90

Bd27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Bd28
K2ZnAlF7/CsAlF4
10/90

Bd28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Bd29
K2ZnAlF7/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Bd29
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Bd30
K2ZnAlF7/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Bd30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Bd31
K2ZnAlF7/KZnF3
10/90

Bd31
90
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Bd32
K2ZnAlF7/K2ZnF4
10/90

Bd32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Bd33
K2ZnAlF7/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Bd33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Bd34
K2ZnAlF7/CsZnF3
10/90

Bd34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Bd35
K2ZnAlF7/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Bd35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Bd36
K2ZnAlF7/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Bd36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Cd25
KZn2AlF8/KAlF4
10/90

Cd25
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Cd26
KZn2AlF8/K2AlF5
10/90

Cd26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Cd27
KZn2AlF8/K3AlF6
10/90

Cd27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Cd28
KZn2AlF8/CsAlF4
10/90

Cd28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Cd29
KZn2AlF8/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Cd29
90
Small
White
Present ( white)



Cd30
KZn2AlF8/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Cd30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Cd31
KZn2AlF8/KZnF3
10/90

Cd31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Cd32
KZn2AlF8/K2ZnF4
10/90

Cd32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Cd33
KZn2AlF8/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Cd33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Cd34
KZn2AlF8/CsZnF3
10/90

Cd34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Cd35
KZn2AlF8/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Cd35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Cd36
KZn2AlF8/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Cd36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Dd25
KZnAl2F9/KAlF4
10/90

Dd25
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Dd26
KZnAl2F9/K2AlF5
10/90

Dd26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Dd27
KZnAl2F9/K3AlF6
10/90

Dd27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Dd28
KZnAl2F9/CsAlF4
10/90

Dd28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Dd29
KZnAl2F9/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Dd29
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Dd30
KZnAl2F9/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Dd30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Dd31
KZnAl2F9/KZnF3
10/90

Dd31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Dd32
KZnAl2F9/K2ZnF4
10/90

Dd32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Dd33
KZnAl2F9/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Dd33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Dd34
KZnAl2F9/CsZnF3
10/90

Dd34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Dd35
KZnAl2F9/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Dd35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Dd36
KZnAl2F9/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Dd36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)

























TABLE 3-6













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Comparative
Ed25
CsZnAlF6/KAlF4
10/90
Comparative
Ed25
90
Small
White
Present (white)


Example 3
Ed26
CsZnAlF6/K2AlF5
10/90
Example 3
Ed26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ed27
CsZnAlF6/K3AlF6
10/90

Ed27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ed28
CsZnAlF6/CsAlF4
10/90

Ed28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ed29
CsZnAlF6/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Ed29
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ed30
CsZnAlF6/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Ed30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Ed31
CsZnAlF6/KZnF3
10/90

Ed31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Ed32
CsZnAlF6/K2ZnF4
10/90

Ed32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ed33
CsZnAlF6/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Ed33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ed34
CsZnAlF6/CsZnF3
10/90

Ed34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ed35
CsZnAlF6/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Ed35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Ed36
CsZnAlF6/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Ed36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Fd25
Cs2ZnAlF7/KAlF4
10/90

Fd25
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Fd26
Cs2ZnAlF7/K2AlF5
10/90

Fd26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Fd27
Cs2ZnAlF7/K3AlF6
10/90

Fd27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Fd28
Cs2ZnAlF7/CsAlF4
10/90

Fd28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Fd29
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Fd29
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Fd30
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Fd30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Fd31
Cs2ZnAlF7/KZnF3
10/90

Fd31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Fd32
Cs2ZnAlF7/K2ZnF4
10/90

Fd32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Fd33
Cs2ZnAlF7/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Fd33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Fd34
Cs2ZnAlF7/CsZnF3
10/90

Fd34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Fd35
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Fd35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Fd36
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Fd36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Gd25
CsZn2AlF8/KAlF4
10/90

Gd25
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Gd26
CsZn2AlF8/K2AlF5
10/90

Gd26
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Gd27
CsZn2AlF8/K3AlF6
10/90

Gd27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Gd28
CsZn2AlF8/CsAlF4
10/90

Gd28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Gd29
CsZn2AlF8/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Gd29
90
Small
White
Present ( white)



Gd30
CsZn2AlF8/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Gd30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Gd31
CsZn2AlF8/KZnF3
10/90

Gd31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Gd32
CsZn2AlF8/K2ZnF4
10/90

Gd32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Gd33
CsZn2AlF8/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Gd33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored) 



Gd34
CsZn2AlF8/CsZnF3
10/90

Gd34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Gd35
CsZn2AlF8/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Gd35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Gd36
CsZn2AlF8/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Gd36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Hd25
CsZnAl2F9/KAlF4
10/90

Hd25
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Hd26
CsZnAl2F9/K2AlF5
10/90

Hd26
90
Small
White
Present(white)



Hd27
CsZnAl2F9/K3AlF6
10/90

Hd27
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Hd28
CsZnAl2F9/CsAlF4
10/90

Hd28
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Hd29
CsZnAl2F9/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Hd29
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Hd30
CsZnAl2F9/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Hd30
90
Small
White
Present (white)



Hd31
CsZnAl2F9/KZnF3
10/90

Hd31
70
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Hd32
CsZnAl2F9/K2ZnF4
10/90

Hd32
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Hd33
CsZnAl2F9/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Hd33
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Hd34
CsZnAl2F9/CsZnF3
10/90

Hd34
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Hd35
CsZnAl2F9/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Hd35
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Hd36
CsZnAl2F9/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Hd36
70
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)

























TABLE 3-7













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Comparative
Id1
KAlF4/K2AlF5
90/10
Comparative
Id1
80
Small
White
Present (white)


Example 3
Id2
KAlF4/K2AlF5
55/45
Example 3
Id2
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id3
KAlF4/K2AlF5
10/90

Id3
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id4
KAlF4/K3AlF6
90/10

Id4
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id5
KAlF4/K3AlF6
55/45

Id5
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id6
KAlF4/K3AlF6
10/90

Id6
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id7
KAlF4/CsAlF4
90/10

Id7
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id8
KAlF4/CsAlF4
55/45

Id8
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id9
KAlF4/CsAlF4
10/90

Id9
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id10
KAlF4/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Id10
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id11
KAlF4/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Id11
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id12
KAlF4/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Id12
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id13
KAlF4/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Id13
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id14
KAlF4/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Id14
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id15
KAlF4/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Id15
80
Small
White
Present (white)



Id16
KAlF4/KZnF3
90/10

Id16
60
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Id17
KAlF4/KZnF3
55/45

Id17
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id18
KAlF4/KZnF3
10/90

Id18
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id19
KAlF4/K2ZnF4
90/10

Id19
60
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Id20
KAlF4/K2ZnF4
55/45

Id20
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id21
KAlF4/K2ZnF4
10/90

Id21
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id22
KAlF4/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Id22
60
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Id23
KAlF4/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Id23
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id24
KAlF4/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Id24
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id25
KAlF4/CsZnF3
90/10

Id25
60
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Id26
KAlF4/CsZnF3
55/45

Id26
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id27
KAlF4/CsZnF3
10/90

Id27
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id28
KAlF4/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Id28
60
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Id29
KAlF4/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Id29
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id30
KAlF4/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Id30
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id31
KAlF4/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Id31
60
Small
Discolored
Present (white)



Id32
KAlF4/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Id32
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Id33
KAlF4/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Id33
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)

























TABLE 3-8













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Comparative
Jd1
KZnF3/KAlF4
90/10
Comparative
Jd1
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)


Example 3
Jd2
KZnF3/KAlF4
55/45
Example 3
Jd2
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd3
KZnF3/KAlF4
10/90

Jd3
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd4
KZnF3/K2AlF5
90/10

Jd4
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd5
KZnF3/K2AlF5
55/45

Jd5
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd6
KZnF3/K2AlF5
10/90

Jd6
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd7
KZnF3/K3AlF6
90/10

Jd7
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd8
KZnF3/K3AlF6
55/45

Jd8
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd9
KZnF3/K3AlF6
10/90

Jd9
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd10
KZnF3/CsAlF4
90/10

Jd10
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd11
KZnF3/CsAlF4
55/45

Jd11
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd12
KZnF3/CsAlF4
10/90

Jd12
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd13
KZnF3/Cs2AlF5
90/10

Jd13
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd14
KZnF3/Cs2AlF5
55/45

Jd14
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd15
KZnF3/Cs2AlF5
10/90

Jd15
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd16
KZnF3/Cs3AlF6
90/10

Jd16
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd17
KZnF3/Cs3AlF6
55/45

Jd17
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd18
KZnF3/Cs3AlF6
10/90

Jd18
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd19
KZnF3/K2ZnF4
90/10

Jd19
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd20
KZnF3/K2ZnF4
55/45

Jd20
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd21
KZnF3/K2ZnF4
10/90

Jd21
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd22
KZnF3/K3Zn2F7
90/10

Jd22
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd23
KZnF3/K3Zn2F7
55/45

Jd23
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd24
KZnF3/K3Zn2F7
10/90

Jd24
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd25
KZnF3/CsZnF3
90/10

Jd25
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd26
KZnF3/CsZnF3
55/45

Jd26
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd27
KZnF3/CsZnF3
10/90

Jd27
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd28
KZnF3/Cs2ZnF4
90/10

Jd28
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd29
KZnF3/Cs2ZnF4
55/45

Jd29
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd30
KZnF3/Cs2ZnF4
10/90

Jd30
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd31
KZnF3/Cs3Zn2F7
90/10

Jd31
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd32
KZnF3/Cs3Zn2F7
55/45

Jd32
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)



Jd33
KZnF3/Cs3Zn2F7
10/90

Jd33
60
Small
Discolored
Present (discolored)









As shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-4, good results (brazability) were obtained in Example 3 even when the oxygen concentration during brazing was high. On the other hand, when the ratio of the component (A) was low, and the ratio of the alkali metal fluoroaluminate was high (Ad25 to Ad30, Bd25 to Bd30, Cd25 to Cd30, Dd25 to Dd30, Ed25 to Ed30, Fd25 to Fd30, Gd25 to Gd30, and Hd25 to Hd30 of Comparative Example 3), a white residue was observed on the surface of the aluminum alloy when the oxygen concentration was high, and the joining ratio decreased due to the residue. When the ratio of the component (A) was low, and the ratio of the alkali metal fluorozincate was high (Ad31 to Ad36, Bd31 to Bd36, Cd31 to Cd36, Dd31 to Dd36, Ed31 to Ed36, Fd31 to Fd36, Gd31 to Gd36, and Hd31 to Hd36), a discolored residue and discoloring were observed on the surface of the aluminum alloy when the oxygen concentration was high, and the joining ratio decreased due to the residue. When the component (A) was not used (Id1 to Id33 and Jd1 to Jd33), a white residue (unreacted flux) or a discolored residue and discoloration were observed on the surface of the aluminum alloy, and the joining ratio decreased due to the residue.
Example 4 and Comparative Example 4
Flux Composition
The materials shown in Tables 4-1 to 4-16 were mixed in the mixing ratio shown in Tables 4-1 to 4-16 to prepare a powder mixture (flux composition) (average particle size: 10 mm). In Example 4 and Comparative Example 4, a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate and a metal powder or a metal alloy powder were mixed. In Tables 4-1 to 4-16, the content (mass %) of each element in each metal alloy is indicated by a numeral. For example, “KZnAlF6/Al-25Si-25Cu” is a mixture of a KZnAlF6 powder and an Al alloy powder having an Si content of 25 mass % and a Cu content of 25 mass %.
Brazing Test
The brazing test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1.
Evaluation of Brazability
The brazability was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Tables 4-1 to 4-16.
















TABLE 4-1













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Example 4
Aa1
KZnAlF6/Al
70/30
Example 4
Aa1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa2
KZnAlF6/Si
70/30

Aa2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa3
KZnAlF6/Cu
70/30

Aa3
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa4
KZnAlF6/Zn
70/30

Aa4
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa5
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si
70/30

Aa5
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa6
KZnAlF6/Al-10Si
70/30

Aa6
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa7
KZnAlF6/Al-50Si
70/30

Aa7
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa8
KZnAlF6/Al-90Si
70/30

Aa8
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa9
KZnAlF6/Al-1Cu
70/30

Aa9
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa10
KZnAlF6/Al-10Cu
70/30

Aa10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa11
KZnAlF6/Al-50Cu
70/30

Aa11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa12
KZnAlF6/Al-90Cu
70/30

Aa12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa13
KZnAlF6/Al-1Zn
70/30

Aa13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa14
KZnAlF6/Al-10Zn
70/30

Aa14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa15
KZnAlF6/Al-50Zn
70/30

Aa15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa16
KZnAlF6/Al-90Zn
70/30

Aa16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa17
KZnAlF6/Cu-10Zn
70/30

Aa17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa18
KZnAlF6/Cu-50Zn
70/30

Aa18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa19
KZnAlF6/Cu-90Zn
70/30

Aa19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa20
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-1Cu
70/30

Aa20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa21
KZnAlF6/Al-10Si-10Cu
70/30

Aa21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa22
KZnAlF6/Al-25Si-25Cu
70/30

Aa22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa23
KZnAlF6/Al-45Si-45Cu
70/30

Aa23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa24
KZnAlF6/Al-90Si-1Cu
70/30

Aa24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa25
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-90Cu
70/30

Aa25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa26
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-1Zn
70/30

Aa26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa27
KZnAlF6/Al-10Si-10Zn
70/30

Aa27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa28
KZnAlF6/Al-25Si-25Zn
70/30

Aa28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa29
KZnAlF6/Al-45Si-45Zn
70/30

Aa29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa30
KZnAlF6/Al-90Si-1Zn
70/30

Aa30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa31
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-90Zn
70/30

Aa31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa32
KZnAlF6/Al-1Cu-1Zn
70/30

Aa32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa33
KZnAlF6/Al-10Cu-10Zn
70/30

Aa33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa34
KZnAlF6/Al-25Cu-25Zn
70/30

Aa34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa35
KZnAlF6/Al-45Cu-45Zn
70/30

Aa35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa36
KZnAlF6/Al-90-Cu-1Zn
70/30

Aa36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa37
KZnAlF6/Al-1Cu-90Zn
70/30

Aa37
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent



Aa38
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-1Cu-1Zn
70/30

Aa38
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent



Aa39
KZnAlF6/Al-5Si-5Cu-5Zn
70/30

Aa39
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent



Aa40
KZnAlF6/Al-10Si-10Cu-10Zn
70/30

Aa40
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent



Aa41
KZnAlF6/Al-30Si-30Cu-30Cu
70/30

Aa41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Aa42
KZnAlF6/Al-90Si-1Cu-1Zn
70/30

Aa42
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent



Aa43
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-90Cu-1Zn
70/30

Aa43
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent



Aa44
KZnAlF6/Al-1Si-1Cu-90Zn
70/30

Aa44
100
Large
Not discolored 
Absent

























TABLE 4-2













External 
Residue 





Mixing 


Joining 

appearance 
on 



Speci-
Flux 
ratio

Speci-
ratio
Size of 
of surface of 
surface of



men
composition
(%)

men
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Example 4
Ba1
K2ZnAlF7/Al
70/30
Example 4
Ba1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba2
K2ZnAlF7/Si
70/30

Ba2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba3
K2ZnAlF7/Cu
70/30

Ba3
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba4
K2ZnAlF7/Zn
70/30

Ba4
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba5
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si
70/30

Ba5
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba6
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Si
70/30

Ba6
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba7
K2ZnAlF7/Al-50Si
70/30

Ba7
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Bab
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90Si
70/30

Bab
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba9
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Cu
70/30

Ba9
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba10
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Cu
70/30

Ba10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba11
K2ZnAlF7/Al-50Cu
70/30

Ba11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba12
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90Cu
70/30

Ba12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba13
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Zn
70/30

Ba13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba14
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Zn
70/30

Ba14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba15
K2ZnAlF7/Al-50Zn
70/30

Ba15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba16
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90Zn
70/30

Ba16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba17
K2ZnAlF7/Cu-10Zn
70/30

Ba17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba18
K2ZnAlF7/Cu-50Zn
70/30

Ba18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba19
K2ZnAlF7/Cu-90Zn
70/30

Ba19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba20
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-1Cu
70/30

Ba20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba21
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Si-10Cu
70/30

Ba21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba22
K2ZnAlF7/Al-25Si-25Cu
70/30

Ba22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba23
K2ZnAlF7/Al-45Si-45Cu
70/30

Ba23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba24
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90Si-1Cu
70/30

Ba24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba25
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-90Cu
70/30

Ba25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba26
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-1Zn
70/30

Ba26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba27
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Si-10Zn
70/30

Ba27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba28
K2ZnAlF7/Al-25Si-25Zn
70/30

Ba28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba29
K2ZnAlF7/Al-45Si-45Zn
70/30

Ba29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba30
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90Si-1Zn
70/30

Ba30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba31
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-90Zn
70/30

Ba31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba32
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Cu-1Zn
70/30

Ba32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba33
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Cu-10Zn
70/30

Ba33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba34
K2ZnAlF7/Al-25Cu-25Zn
70/30

Ba34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba35
K2ZnAlF7/Al-45Cu-45Zn
70/30

Ba35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba36
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90-Cu-1Zn
70/30

Ba36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba37
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Cu-90Zn
70/30

Ba37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba38
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-1Cu-1Zn
70/30

Ba38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba39
K2ZnAlF7/Al-5Si-5Cu-5Zn
70/30

Ba39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba40
K2ZnAlF7/Al-10Si-10Cu-10Zn
70/30

Ba40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba41
K2ZnAlF7/Al-30Si-30Cu-30Cu
70/30

Ba41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba42
K2ZnAlF7/Al-90Si-1Cu-1Zn
70/30

Ba42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba43
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-90Cu-1Zn
70/30

Ba43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ba44
K2ZnAlF7/Al-1Si-1Cu-90Zn
70/30

Ba44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-3













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Ex-
Ca1 
KZn2AlF8/Al
70/30
Ex-
Ca1 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


ample
Ca2 
KZn2AlF8/Si
70/30
ample
Ca2 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


4
Ca3 
KZn2AlF8/Cu
70/30
4
Ca3 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca4 
KZn2AlF8/Zn
70/30

Ca4 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca5 
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si
70/30

Ca5 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca6 
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si
70/30

Ca6 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca7 
KZn2AlF8/Al—50Si
70/30

Ca7 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca8 
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si
70/30

Ca8 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca9 
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu
70/30

Ca9 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca10
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu
70/30

Ca10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca11
KZn2AlF8/Al—50Cu
70/30

Ca11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca12
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu
70/30

Ca12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca13
KZn2AlF8//Al—1Zn
70/30

Ca13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca14
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Zn
70/30

Ca14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca15
KZn2AlF8/Al—50Zn
70/30

Ca15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca16
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Zn
70/30

Ca16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca17
KZn2AlF8/Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ca17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca18
KZn2AlF8/Cu—50Zn
70/30

Ca18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca19
KZn2AlF8/Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ca19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca20
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu
70/30

Ca20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca21
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu
70/30

Ca21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca22
KZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Cu
70/30

Ca22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca23
KZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Cu
70/30

Ca23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca24
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu
70/30

Ca24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca25
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu
70/30

Ca25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca26
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Zn
70/30

Ca26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca27
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Zn
70/30

Ca27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca28
KZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Zn
70/30

Ca28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca29
KZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Zn
70/30

Ca29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca30
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Zn
70/30

Ca30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca31
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Zn
70/30

Ca31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca32
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ca32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca33
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ca33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca34
KZn2AlF8/Al—25Cu—25Zn
70/30

Ca34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca35
KZn2AlF8/Al—45Cu—45Zn
70/30

Ca35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca36
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ca36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca37
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ca37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca38
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ca38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca39
KZn2AlF8/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
70/30

Ca39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca40
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ca40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca41
KZn2AlF8/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
70/30

Ca41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca42
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn 
70/30

Ca42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca43
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ca43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ca44
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ca44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-4













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Ex-
Da1 
KZnAl2F9/Al
70/30
Ex-
Da1 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


ample
Da2 
KZnAl2F9/Si
70/30
ample
Da2 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


4
Da3 
KZnAl2F9/Cu
70/30
4
Da3 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da4 
KZnAl2F9/Zn
70/30

Da4 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da5 
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si
70/30

Da5 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da6 
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si
70/30

Da6 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da7 
KZnAl2F9/Al—50Si
70/30

Da7 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Dab 
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si
70/30

Dab 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da9 
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu
70/30

Da9 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da10
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu
70/30

Da10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da11
KZnAl2F9/Al—50Cu
70/30

Da11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da12
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu
70/30

Da12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da13
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Zn
70/30

Da13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da14
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Zn
70/30

Da14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da15
KZnAl2F9/Al—50Zn
70/30

Da15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da16
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Zn
70/30

Da16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da17
KZnAl2F9/Cu—10Zn
70/30

Da17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da18
KZnAl2F9/Cu—50Zn
70/30

Da18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da19
KZnAl2F9/Cu—90Zn
70/30

Da19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da20
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu
70/30

Da20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da21
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu
70/30

Da21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da22
KZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Cu
70/30

Da22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da23
KZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Cu
70/30

Da23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da24
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu
70/30

Da24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da25
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu
70/30

Da25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da26
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Zn
70/30

Da26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da27
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Zn
70/30

Da27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da28
KZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Zn
70/30

Da28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da29
KZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Zn
70/30

Da29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da30
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Zn
70/30

Da30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da31
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Zn
70/30

Da31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da32
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Da32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da33
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Da33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da34
KZnAl2F9/Al—25Cu—25Zn
70/30

Da34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da35
KZnAl2F9/Al—45Cu—45Zn
70/30

Da35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da36
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Da36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da37
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Da37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da38
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Da38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da39
KZnAl2F9/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
70/30

Da39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da40
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn 
70/30

Da40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da41
KZnAl2F9/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu 
70/30

Da41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da42
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Da42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da43
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Da43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Da44
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Da44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-5













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Ex-
Ea1 
CsZnAlF6/Al
70/30
Ex-
Ea1 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


ample
Ea2 
CsZnAlF6/Si
70/30
ample
Ea2 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


4
Ea3 
CsZnAlF6/Cu
70/30
4
Ea3 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea4 
CsZnAlF6/Zn
70/30

Ea4 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea5 
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si
70/30

Ea5 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea6 
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si
70/30

Ea6 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea7 
CsZnAlF6/Al—50Si
70/30

Ea7 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea8 
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si
70/30

Ea8 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea9 
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Cu
70/30

Ea9 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea10
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Cu
70/30

Ea10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea11
CsZnAlF6/Al—50Cu
70/30

Ea11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea12
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Cu
70/30

Ea12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea13
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Zn
70/30

Ea13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea14
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Zn
70/30

Ea14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea15
CsZnAlF6/Al—50Zn
70/30

Ea15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea16
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Zn
70/30

Ea16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea17
CsZnAlF6/Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ea17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea18
CsZnAlF6/Cu—50Zn
70/30

Ea18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea19
CsZnAlF6/Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ea19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea20
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu
70/30

Ea20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea21
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Cu
70/30

Ea21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea22
CsZnAlF6/Al—25Si—25Cu
70/30

Ea22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea23
CsZnAlF6/Al—45Si—45Cu
70/30

Ea23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea24
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Cu
70/30

Ea24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea25
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Cu
70/30

Ea25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea26
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Zn
70/30

Ea26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea27
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Zn
70/30

Ea27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea28
CsZnAlF6/Al—25Si—25Zn
70/30

Ea28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea29
CsZnAlF6/Al—45Si—45Zn
70/30

Ea29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea30
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Zn
70/30

Ea30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea31
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Zn
70/30

Ea31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea32
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ea32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea33
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ea33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea34
CsZnAlF6/Al—25Cu—25Zn
70/30

Ea34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea35
CsZnAlF6/Al—45Cu—45Zn
70/30

Ea35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea36
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ea36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea37
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ea37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea38
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ea38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea39
CsZnAlF6/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
70/30

Ea39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea40
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ea40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea41
CsZnAlF6/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
70/30

Ea41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea42
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn 
70/30

Ea42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea43
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn 
70/30

Ea43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ea44
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ea44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-6













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Ex-
Fa1 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al
70/30
Ex-
Fa1 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


ample
Fa2 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Si
70/30
ample
Fa2 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


4
Fa3 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu
70/30
4
Fa3 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa4 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Zn
70/30

Fa4 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa5 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si
70/30

Fa5 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa6 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si
70/30

Fa6 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa7 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—50Si
70/30

Fa7 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa8 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si
70/30

Fa8 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa9 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu
70/30

Fa9 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa10
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Cu
70/30

Fa10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa11 
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—50Cu
70/30

Fa11 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa12
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Cu
70/30

Fa12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa13
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Zn
70/30

Fa13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa14
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Zn
70/30

Fa14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa15
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—50Zn
70/30

Fa15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa16
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Zn
70/30

Fa16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa17
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu—10Zn
70/30

Fa17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa18
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu—50Zn
70/30

Fa18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa19
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu—90Zn
70/30

Fa19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa20
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu
70/30

Fa20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa21
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Cu
70/30

Fa21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa22
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—25Si—25Cu
70/30

Fa22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa23
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—45Si—45Cu
70/30

Fa23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa24
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Cu
70/30

Fa24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa25
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Cu
70/30

Fa25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa26
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Zn
70/30

Fa26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa27
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Zn
70/30

Fa27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa28
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—25Si—25Zn
70/30

Fa28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa29
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—45Si—45Zn
70/30

Fa29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa30
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Zn
70/30

Fa30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa31
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Zn
70/30

Fa31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa32
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Fa32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa33
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Fa33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa34
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—25Cu—25Zn
70/30

Fa34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa35
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—45Cu—45Zn
70/30

Fa35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa36
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Fa36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa37
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Fa37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa38
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1 Cu—1Zn
70/30

Fa38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa39
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
70/30

Fa39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa40
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Fa40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa41
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
70/30

Fa41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa42
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Fa42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa43
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Fa43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Fa44
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Fa44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-7













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Ex-
Ga1 
CsZn2AlF8/Al
70/30
Ex-
Ga1 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


ample
Ga2 
CsZn2AlF8/Si
70/30
ample
Ga2 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


4
Ga3 
CsZn2AlF8/Cu
70/30
4
Ga3 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga4 
CsZn2AlF8/Zn
70/30

Ga4 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga5 
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si
70/30

Ga5 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga6 
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si
70/30

Ga6 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga7 
CsZn2AlF8/Al—50Si
70/30

Ga7 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga8 
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si
70/30

Ga8 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga9 
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu
70/30

Ga9 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga10
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu
70/30

Ga10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga11
CsZn2AlF8/Al—50Cu
70/30

Ga11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga12
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu
70/30

Ga12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga13
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Zn
70/30

Ga13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga14
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Zn
70/30

Ga14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga15
CsZn2AlF8/Al—50Zn
70/30

Ga15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga16
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Zn
70/30

Ga16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga17
CsZn2AlF8/Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ga17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga18
CsZn2AlF8/Cu—50Zn
70/30

Ga18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga19
CsZn2AlF8/Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ga19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga20
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu
70/30

Ga20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga21
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu
70/30

Ga21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga22
CsZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Cu
70/30

Ga22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga23
CsZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Cu
70/30

Ga23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga24
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu
70/30

Ga24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga25
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu
70/30

Ga25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga26
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Zn
70/30

Ga26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga27
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Zn
70/30

Ga27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga28
CsZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Zn
70/30

Ga28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga29
CsZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Zn
70/30

Ga29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga30
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Zn
70/30

Ga30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga31
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Zn
70/30

Ga31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga32
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ga32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga33
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ga33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga34
CsZn2AlF8/Al—25Cu—25Zn
70/30

Ga34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga35
CsZn2AlF8/Al—45Cu—45Zn
70/30

Ga35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga36
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ga36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga37
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ga37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga38
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ga38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga39
CsZn2AlF8/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
70/30

Ga39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga40
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ga40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga41
CsZn2AlF8/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
70/30

Ga41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga42
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ga42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga43
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ga43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ga44
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ga44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-8













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Ex-
Ha1 
CsZnAl2F9/Al
70/30
Ex-
Ha1 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


ample
Ha2 
CsZnAl2F9/Si
70/30
ample
Ha2 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


4
Ha3 
CsZnAl2F9/Cu
70/30
4
Ha3 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha4 
CsZnAl2F9/Zn
70/30

Ha4 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha5 
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si
70/30

Ha5 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha6 
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si
70/30

Ha6 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha7 
CsZnAl2F9/Al—50Si
70/30

Ha7 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha8 
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si
70/30

Ha8 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha9 
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu
70/30

Ha9 
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha10
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu
70/30

Ha10
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha11
CsZnAl2F9/Al—50Cu
70/30

Ha11
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha12
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu
70/30

Ha12
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha13
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Zn
70/30

Ha13
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha14
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Zn
70/30

Ha14
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha15
CsZnAl2F9/Al—50Zn
70/30

Ha15
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha16
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Zn
70/30

Ha16
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha17
CsZnAl2F9/Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ha17
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha18
CsZnAl2F9/Cu—50Zn
70/30

Ha18
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha19
CsZnAl2F9/Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ha19
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha20
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu
70/30

Ha20
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha21
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu
70/30

Ha21
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha22
CsZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Cu
70/30

Ha22
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha23
CsZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Cu
70/30

Ha23
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha24
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu
70/30

Ha24
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha25
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu
70/30

Ha25
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha26
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Zn
70/30

Ha26
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha27
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Zn
70/30

Ha27
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha28
CsZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Zn
70/30

Ha28
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha29
CsZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Zn
70/30

Ha29
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha30
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Zn
70/30

Ha30
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha31
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Zn
70/30

Ha31
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha32
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ha32
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha33
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ha33
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha34
CsZnAl2F9/Al—25Cu—25Zn
70/30

Ha34
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha35
CsZnAl2F9/Al—45Cu—45Zn
70/30

Ha35
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha36
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ha36
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha37
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ha37
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha38
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ha38
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha39
CsZnAl2F9/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
70/30

Ha39
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha40
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
70/30

Ha40
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha41
CsZnAl2F9/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
70/30

Ha41
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha42
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ha42
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha43
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
70/30

Ha43
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ha44
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
70/30

Ha44
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent

























TABLE 4-9













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Aa45
KZnAlF6/Al
30/70
Com-
Aa45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Aa46
KZnAlF6/Si
30/70
parative
Aa46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Aa47
KZnAlF6/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Aa47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Aa48
KZnAlF6/Zn
30/70
ample
Aa48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Aa49
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Aa49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa50
KZnAlF6/Al—10Si
30/70

Aa50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa51
KZnAlF6/Al—50Si
30/70

Aa51
70
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Aa52
KZnAlF6/Al—90Si
30/70

Aa52
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Aa53
KZnAlF6/Al—1Cu
30/70

Aa53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa54
KZnAlF6/Al—10Cu
30/70

Aa54
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa55
KZnAlF6/Al—50Cu
30/70

Aa55
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa56
KZnAlF6/Al—90Cu
30/70

Aa56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa57
KZnAlF6/Al—1Zn
30/70

Aa57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa58
KZnAlF6/Al—10Zn
30/70

Aa58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa59
KZnAlF6/Al—50Zn
30/70

Aa59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa60
KZnAlF6/Al—90Zn
30/70

Aa60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa61
KZnAlF6/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Aa61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa62
KZnAlF6/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Aa62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa63
KZnAlF6/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Aa63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa64
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Aa64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa65
KZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Aa65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa66
KZnAlF6/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Aa66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Aa67
KZnAlF6/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Aa67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Aa68
KZnAlF6/Al—90Si—lCu
30/70

Aa68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Aa69
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Aa69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa70
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Aa70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa71
KZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Aa71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa72
KZnAlF6/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Aa72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Aa73
KZnAlF6/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Aa73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Aa74
KZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Aa74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Aa75
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Aa75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa76
KZnAlF6/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Aa76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa77
KZnAlF6/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Aa77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa78
KZnAlF6/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Aa78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa79
KZnAlF6/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Aa79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa80
KZnAlF6/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Aa80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa81
KZnAlF6/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Aa81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa82
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Aa82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa83
KZnAlF6/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Aa83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa84
KZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Aa84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa85
KZnAlF6/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Aa85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Aa86
KZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Aa86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Aa87
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Aa87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Aa88
KZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Aa88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-10













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Ba45
K2ZnAlF7/Al
30/70
Com-
Ba45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Ba46
K2ZnAlF7/Si
30/70
parative
Ba46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Ba47
K2ZnAlF7/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Ba47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Ba48
K2ZnAlF7/Zn
30/70
ample
Ba48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Ba49
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Ba49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba50
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si
30/70

Ba50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba51
K2ZnAlF7/Al—50Si
30/70

Ba51
70
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ba52
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si
30/70

Ba52
80
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba53
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu
30/70

Ba53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba54
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Cu
30/70

Ba54
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba55
K2ZnAlF7/Al—50Cu
30/70

Ba55
50
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ba56
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Cu
30/70

Ba56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba57
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Zn
30/70

Ba57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba58
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Zn
30/70

Ba58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba59
K2ZnAlF7/Al—50Zn
30/70

Ba59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba60
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Zn
30/70

Ba60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba61
K2ZnAlF7/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ba61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba62
K2ZnAlF7/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Ba62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba63
K2ZnAlF7/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ba63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba64
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Ba64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba65
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Ba65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba66
K2ZnAlF7/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Ba66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ba67
K2ZnAlF7/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Ba67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ba68
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Cu
30/70

Ba68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ba69
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Ba69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba70
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Ba70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba71
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Ba71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba72
K2ZnAlF7/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Ba72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ba73
K2ZnAlF7/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Ba73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ba74
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Ba74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ba75
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Ba75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba76
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ba76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba77
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ba77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba78
K2ZnAlF7/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Ba78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba79
K2ZnAlF7/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Ba79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba80
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ba80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba81
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ba81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba82
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ba82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba83
K2ZnAlF7/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Ba83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba84
K2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ba84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba85
K2ZnAlF7/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Ba85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ba86
K2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ba86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ba87
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ba87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ba88
K2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ba88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-11













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Ca45
KZn2AlF8/Al
30/70
Com-
Ca45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Ca46
KZn2AlF8/Si
30/70
parative
Ca46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Ca47
KZn2AlF8/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Ca47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Ca48
KZn2AlF8/Zn
30/70
ample
Ca48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Ca49
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Ca49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca50
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si
30/70

Ca50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca51
KZn2AlF8/Al—50Si
30/70

Ca51
70
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca52
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si
30/70

Ca52
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ca53
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu
30/70

Ca53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca54
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu
30/70

Ca54
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca55
KZn2AlF8/Al—50Cu
30/70

Ca55
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca56
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu
30/70

Ca56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca57
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Zn
30/70

Ca57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca58
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Zn
30/70

Ca58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca59
KZn2AlF8/Al—50Zn
30/70

Ca59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca60
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Zn
30/70

Ca60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca61
KZn2AlF8/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ca61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca62
KZn2AlF8/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Ca62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca63
KZn2AlF8/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ca63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca64
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Ca64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca65
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Ca65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca66
KZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Ca66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca67
KZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Ca67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca68
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu
30/70

Ca68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ca69
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Ca69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca70
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Ca70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca71
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Ca71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca72
KZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Ca72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca73
KZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Ca73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca74
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Ca74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ca75
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Ca75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca76
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ca76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca77
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ca77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca78
KZn2AlF8/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Ca78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca79
KZn2AlF8/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Ca79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca80
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ca80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca81
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ca81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca82
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ca82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca83
KZn2AlF8/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Ca83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca84
KZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ca84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca85
KZn2AlF8/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Ca85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ca86
KZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ca86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ca87
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ca87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ca88
KZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ca88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-12













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Da45
KZnAl2F9/Al
30/70
Com-
Da45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Da46
KZnAl2F9/Si
30/70
parative
Da46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Da47
KZnAl2F9/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Da47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Da48
KZnAl2F9/Zn
30/70
ample
Da48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Da49
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Da49
35
Large
Not discolored
Present



Da50
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si
30/70

Da50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da51
KZnAl2F9/Al—50Si
30/70

Da51
70
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da52
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si
30/70

Da52
80
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da53
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu
30/70

Da53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da54
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu
30/70

Da54
35
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Da55
KZnAl2F9/Al—50Cu
30/70

Da55
50
Large
Not discolored
Present



Da56
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu
30/70

Da56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da57
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Zn
30/70

Da57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da58
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Zn
30/70

Da58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da59
KZnAl2F9/Al—50Zn
30/70

Da59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da60
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Zn
30/70

Da60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da61
KZnAl2F9/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Da61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da62
KZnAl2F9/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Da62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da63
KZnAl2F9/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Da63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da64
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Da64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da65
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Da65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da66
KZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Da66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Da67
KZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Da67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Da68
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—lCu
30/70

Da68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Da69
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Da69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da70
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Da70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da71
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Da71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da72
KZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Da72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Da73
KZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Da73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Da74
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Da74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Da75
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Da75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da76
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Da76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da77
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Da77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da78
KZnAl2F9/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Da78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da79
KZnAl2F9/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Da79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da80
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Da80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da81
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Da81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da82
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Da82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da83
KZnAl2F9/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Da83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da84
KZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Da84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da85
KZnAl2F9/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Da85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Da86
KZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Da86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Da87
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Da87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Da88
KZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Da88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-13













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Ea45
CsZnAlF6/Al
30/70
Com-
Ea45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Ea46
CsZnAlF6/Si
30/70
parative
Ea46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Ea47
CsZnAlF6/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Ea47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Ea48
CsZnAlF6/Zn
30/70
ample
Ea48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Ea49
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Ea49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea50
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si
30/70

Ea50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea51
CsZnAlF6/Al—50Si
30/70

Ea51
70
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea52
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si
30/70

Ea52
80
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea53
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Cu
30/70

Ea53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea54
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Cu
30/70

Ea54
35
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ea55
CsZnAlF6/Al—50Cu
30/70

Ea55
50
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ea56
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Cu
30/70

Ea56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea57
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Zn
30/70

Ea57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea58
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Zn
30/70

Ea58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea59
CsZnAlF6/Al—50Zn
30/70

Ea59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea60
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Zn
30/70

Ea60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea61
CsZnAlF6/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ea61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea62
CsZnAlF6/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Ea62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea63
CsZnAlF6/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ea63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea64
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Ea64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea65
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Ea65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea66
CsZnAlF6/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Ea66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ea67
CsZnAlF6/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Ea67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ea68
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Cu
30/70

Ea68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ea69
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Ea69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea70
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Ea70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea71
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Ea71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea72
CsZnAlF6/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Ea72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ea73
CsZnAlF6/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Ea73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ea74
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Ea74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ea75
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Ea75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea76
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ea76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea77
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ea77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea78
CsZnAlF6/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Ea78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea79
CsZnAlF6/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Ea79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea80
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ea80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea81
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ea81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea82
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ea82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea83
CsZnAlF6/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Ea83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea84
CsZnAlF6/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ea84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea85
CsZnAlF6/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Ea85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ea86
CsZnAlF6/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn 
30/70

Ea86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ea87
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn 
30/70

Ea87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ea88
CsZnAlF6/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ea88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-14













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Fa45
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al
30/70
Com-
Fa45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Fa46
Cs2ZnAlF7/Si
30/70
parative
Fa46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Fa47
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Fa47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Fa48
Cs2ZnAlF7/Zn
30/70
ample
Fa48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Fa49
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Fa49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa50
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si
30/70

Fa50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa51
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—50Si
30/70

Fa51
70
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa52
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si
30/70

Fa52
80
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa53
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu
30/70

Fa53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa54
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Cu
30/70

Fa54
35
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Fa55
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—50Cu
30/70

Fa55
50
Large
Not discolored
Present



Fa56
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Cu
30/70

Fa56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa57
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Zn
30/70

Fa57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa58
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Zn
30/70

Fa58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa59
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—50Zn
30/70

Fa59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa60
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Zn
30/70

Fa60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa61
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Fa61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa62
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Fa62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa63
Cs2ZnAlF7/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Fa63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa64
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Fa64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa65
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Fa65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa66
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Fa66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Fa67
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Fa67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Fa68
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Cu
30/70

Fa68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Fa69
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Fa69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa70
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Fa70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa71
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Fa71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa72
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Fa72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Fa73
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Fa73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Fa74
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Fa74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Fa75
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Fa75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa76
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Fa76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa77
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Fa77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa78
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Fa78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa79
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Fa79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa80
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Fa80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa81
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Fa81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa82
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1 Cu—1Zn
30/70

Fa82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa83
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Fa83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa84
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Fa84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa85
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Fa85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Fa86
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Fa86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Fa87
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Fa87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Fa88
Cs2ZnAlF7/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Fa88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-15













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Ga45
CsZn2AlF8/Al
30/70
Com-
Ga45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Ga46
CsZn2AlF8/Si
30/70
parative
Ga46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Ga47
CsZn2AlF8/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Ga47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Ga48
CsZn2AlF8/Zn
30/70
ample
Ga48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Ga49
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Ga49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga50
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si
30/70

Ga50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga51
CsZn2AlF8/Al—50Si
30/70

Ga51
70
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga52
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si
30/70

Ga52
80
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga53
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu
30/70

Ga53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga54
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu
30/70

Ga54
35
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ga55
CsZn2AlF8/Al—50Cu
30/70

Ga55
50
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ga56
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu
30/70

Ga56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga57
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Zn
30/70

Ga57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga58
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Zn
30/70

Ga58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga59
CsZn2AlF8/Al—50Zn
30/70

Ga59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga60
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Zn
30/70

Ga60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga61
CsZn2AlF8/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ga61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga62
CsZn2AlF8/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Ga62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga63
CsZn2AlF8/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ga63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga64
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Ga64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga65
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Ga65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga66
CsZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Ga66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ga67
CsZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Ga67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ga68
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu
30/70

Ga68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ga69
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Ga69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga70
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Ga70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga71
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Ga71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga72
CsZn2AlF8/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Ga72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ga73
CsZn2AlF8/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Ga73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ga74
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Ga74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ga75
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Ga75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga76
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ga76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga77
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ga77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga78
CsZn2AlF8/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Ga78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga79
CsZn2AlF8/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Ga79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga80
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ga80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga81
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ga81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga82
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ga82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga83
CsZn2AlF8/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Ga83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga84
CsZn2AlF8/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ga84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga85
CsZn2AlF8/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Ga85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ga86
CsZn2AlF8/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ga86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ga87
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ga87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ga88
CsZn2AlF8/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ga88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present

























TABLE 4-16













External 






Mixing


Joining 

appearance
Residue on 



Spec-

ratio


ratio
Size 
of surface of
surface of



imen
Flux composition
(%)

Specimen
(%)
of fillet
aluminum
aluminum







Com-
Ha45
CsZnAl2F9/Al
30/70
Com-
Ha45
30
Small
Not discolored
Present


parative
Ha46
CsZnAl2F9/Si
30/70
parative
Ha46
90
Large
Not discolored
Present


Ex-
Ha47
CsZnAl2F9/Cu
30/70
Ex-
Ha47
60
Small
Not discolored
Present


ample
Ha48
CsZnAl2F9/Zn
30/70
ample
Ha48
50
Small
Not discolored
Present


4
Ha49
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si
30/70
4
Ha49
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha50
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si
30/70

Ha50
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha51
CsZnAl2F9/Al—50Si
30/70

Ha51
70
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha52
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si
30/70

Ha52
80
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha53
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu
30/70

Ha53
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha54
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu
30/70

Ha54
35
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ha55
CsZnAl2F9/Al—50Cu
30/70

Ha55
50
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ha56
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu
30/70

Ha56
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha57
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Zn
30/70

Ha57
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha58
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Zn
30/70

Ha58
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha59
CsZnAl2F9/Al—50Zn
30/70

Ha59
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha60
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Zn
30/70

Ha60
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha61
CsZnAl2F9/Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ha61
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha62
CsZnAl2F9/Cu—50Zn
30/70

Ha62
55
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha63
CsZnAl2F9/Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ha63
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha64
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu
30/70

Ha64
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha65
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu
30/70

Ha65
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha66
CsZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Cu
30/70

Ha66
50
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ha67
CsZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Cu
30/70

Ha67
60
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ha68
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu
30/70

Ha68
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ha69
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu
30/70

Ha69
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha70
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Zn
30/70

Ha70
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha71
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Zn
30/70

Ha71
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha72
CsZnAl2F9/Al—25Si—25Zn
30/70

Ha72
45
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ha73
CsZnAl2F9/Al—45Si—45Zn
30/70

Ha73
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ha74
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Zn
30/70

Ha74
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ha75
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Zn
30/70

Ha75
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha76
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ha76
30
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha77
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ha77
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha78
CsZnAl2F9/Al—25Cu—25Zn
30/70

Ha78
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha79
CsZnAl2F9/Al—45Cu—45Zn
30/70

Ha79
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha80
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ha80
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha81
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ha81
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha82
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ha82
35
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha83
CsZnAl2F9/Al—5Si—5Cu—5Zn
30/70

Ha83
40
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha84
CsZnAl2F9/Al—10Si—10Cu—10Zn
30/70

Ha84
50
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha85
CsZnAl2F9/Al—30Si—30Cu—30Cu
30/70

Ha85
55
Medium
Not discolored
Present



Ha86
CsZnAl2F9/Al—90Si—1Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ha86
80
Large
Not discolored
Present



Ha87
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—90Cu—1Zn
30/70

Ha87
60
Small
Not discolored
Present



Ha88
CsZnAl2F9/Al—1Si—1Cu—90Zn
30/70

Ha88
50
Small
Not discolored
Present









As shown in Tables 4-1 to 4-8, good results (brazability) were obtained in Example 5 even when the metal powder was mixed. On the other hand, when the ratio of the metal powder was high (Ae45 to Ae88, Be45 to Be88, Ce45 to Ce88, De45 to De88, Ee45 to Ee88, Fe45 to Fe88, Ge45 to Ge88, and He45 to He88 of Comparative Example 4), an unmelted residue was observed, and the joining ratio decreased due to the unmelted residue.
Example 5 and Comparative Example 5
Flux Composition
Flux powders (average particle size: 10 μm) (flux content: 100 mass %) having the composition shown in Table 5 were provided as a flux composition.
Brazing Test
The brazing test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, except that the average dew point inside the furnace was changed as shown in Table 5.
Evaluation of Brazability
The brazability was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
















TABLE 5













External 






Average 


Joining 
Size 
appearance
Residue on 



Spec-
Flux 
dew point

Spec-
ratio
of 
of surface of
surface of 



imen
composition
(° C.)

imen
(%)
fillet
aluminum
aluminum
























Example 5
Af1
KZnAlF6
−40
Example 5
Af1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Af2
KZnAlF6
−20

Af2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Bf1
K2ZnAlF7
−40

Bf1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Bf2
K2ZnAlF7
−20

Bf2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Cf1
K2n2AlF
−40

Cf1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Cf2
K2n2AlF
−20

Cf2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Df1
KZnAl2F9
−40

Df1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Df2
KZnAl2F9
−20

Df2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ef1
CsZnAlF6
−40

Ef1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ef2
CsZnAlF6
−20

Ef2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ff1
Cs2ZnAIF7
−40

Ff1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Ff2
Cs2ZnAlF7 
−20

Ff2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Gf1
CsZn2AlFs,
−40

Gf1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Gf2
CsZn2AlFs,
−20

Gf2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Hf1
CsZnAI2F9
−40

Hf1
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent



Hf2
CsZnAl2F9
−20

Hf2
100
Large
Not discolored
Absent


Comparative
If1
KZnF3
−20
Comparative
If1
0
Absent
White
Present 


Example 5



Example 5




(white)









As shown in Table 5, good results were obtained in Example 5 even when the average dew point during brazing was high. In Comparative Example 5 (If1), most of KZnF3 remained unreacted as a white residue, and a fillet was not formed since the average dew point of the atmosphere during brazing was high.

## Claims

1. A flux composition comprising:
a component (A) that is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by a general formula (1), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more,


MwZnxAlyFz  (1)


wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1, and
a component (B) that is at least one powder selected from the group consisting of a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate.

2. A flux composition comprising:
a component (A) that is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by a general formula (1), the content of the component (A) in the flux composition being 50 mass % or more,


MwZnxAlyFz  (1)


wherein M is K or Cs, and w, x, y, and z are a positive integer, the greatest common divisor of w, x, y, and z being 1, and
a component (C) that is at least one metal powder selected from the group consisting of a powder of an aluminum alloy an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder, the aluminum alloy comprising at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Si, Cu, and Zn.

3. A flux composition comprising a component (A) that is a powder of an alkali metal zinc fluoroaluminate represented by the general formula (1), a component (B) that is one type of powder or two or more types of powders selected from a powder of an alkali metal fluoroaluminate and a powder of an alkali metal fluorozincate, and a component (C) that is at least one metal powder selected from the group consisting of a powder of an aluminum alloy, an Al powder, an Si powder, a Cu powder, and a Zn powder, the aluminum alloy comprising at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Si, Cu, and Zn.

4. The flux composition according to claim 1, having an average particle size of 80 μm or less.

5. A mixture comprising the flux composition according to claim 1, and an organic resin binder.

6. A mixture comprising the flux composition according to claim 2, and an organic resin binder.

7. A mixture comprising the flux composition according to claim 3, and an organic resin binder.