s 

333.91 

M26prar 
2000 



2000 ANNUAL REPORT 

to the 

GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, 

SASKATCHEWAN AND MONTANA 




by the 



POPLAR RIVER 

BILATERAL MONITORING 

COMMITTEE 



COVERING CALENDAR YEAR 2000 

STATE DOCUMENTS COLLECTION 

FEB 7 2002 

MONTANA STATE LIBRARY 

1515 E 6th AVC 
HELENA, MONTANA 59620 



November 2001 



MONTANA STATE LIBRARY 



3 0864 0015 3164 2 



2000 ANNUAL REPORT 



to the 



GOVERNMENTS OF CANADA, UNITED STATES, 
SASKATCHEWAN, AND MONTANA 



by the 



POPLAR RIVER BILATERAL MONITORING COMMITTEE 
COVERING CALENDAR YEAR 2000 



November 2001 



Poplar River BOateral Monitoring Committee 

Department of State Department of Foreign Affairs 

Washington, D.C., United States and International Trade Canada 

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 

Governor's Office Saskatchewan Environment and 

State of Montana Resource Management 

Helena, Montana, United States Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada 

Ladies and Gentlemen: 

Herein is the 20* Annual Report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. This report discusses 
the Committee activities of 2000 and presents the proposed schedule for the year 2001. 

During 2000, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee continued to fulfil the responsibilities 
assigned by the governments imder the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Agreement dated September 
23, 1980. Through exchange of Diplomatic Notes in March 1987, July 1992, and July 1997, the 
Arrangement was extended. Because of an imcertainty about the expiration date for the latest extension as 
the Canadian and United States exchange of Notes for the extensions had different dates, it is unclear if the 
Arrangement has already expired or will expire in March 2002. Consequently, the Monitoring Committee 
has agreed to the request for another extension. That request will be made to the Department of State and 
the Department of Foreign Affairs in the near future. 

The enclosed report summarizes current water-quality conditions and conq)ares them to guidelines for 
specific parameter values that were developed by the International Joint Commission under the 1977 
Reference fix)m Canada and the United States. After evaluation of the monitoring information for 2000, the 
Committee finds that the measured conditions meet the recommended objectives. The Committee notes that 
the flow-weighted concentration of total dissolved solids in streamflow in the East Poplar River at the 
International Boimdary remains close to the long-term objective of 1,000 milligrams per litre, but did not 
exceed the objective in 2000. 

Based on UC recommendations, the United States was entitled to an on-demand release of 1,230 dam' 
(1,000 acre-feet) from Cookson Reservoir in 2000. A volume of 1,180 dam' (957 acre-feet) was delivered 
to the United States during this period. In addition, except for April 28, daily flows in 2000 met or exceeded 
the minimum flow recommended by the UC. 

During 2000, monitoring continued in accordance with Technical Monitoring Schedules outlined in the 
1992 Annual Report of the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee. 

Yours sincerely, 

Robert Davis ., Richard Kellow 

Chairman, United States Sectio^ Chairman, Canadian Section 



-O^ 




Jack5tults Chuck Bosgoed 

Member, United States Section Member, Canadian Section 




TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Highlights for 2000 iii 

1.0 Introduction 1 

2.0 Committee Activities 2 

2.1 Membership 2 

2.2 Meetings 2 

2.3 Review of Water-Quality Objectives 3 

2.4 Data Exchange 4 

3.0 Water and Air: Monitoring and Interpretations 6 

3.1 Poplar River Power Station Operation 6 

3.2 East Poplar River 6 

3.2.1 Streamflow 6 

. 3.2.2 Apportionment 7 

3.2.3 Minimum Flows 7 

3.2.4 On-Demand Release 8 

3.2.5 Water Quality 9 

3.2.5.1 Total Dissolved Solids 10 

3.2.5.2 Boron 14 

3.2.5.3 Other Water-Quality Variables 17 

3.3 Groundwater 19 

3.3.1 Operations 19 

3.3.2 Ground-Water Monitoring 21 

3.3.2.1 Saskatchewan 21 

3.3.2.2 Montana 25 

3.3.3 Ground- Water Quality 27 

3.3.3.1 Saskatchewan 27 

3.3.3.2 Montana 31 

3.4 Cookson Reservoir 32 

3.4.1 Storage 32 

3.4.2 Water Quality 34 

3.5 Air Quality 34 

3.6 Quality Control 34 

3.6.1 Streamflow 34 

3.6.2 Water Quality ; 35 

ANNEXES 

1 .0 Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement, Canada-United States Al 

2.0 Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement, Technical 

Monitoring Schedules, 2000, Canada-United States A2 

3.0 Recommended Flow Apportionment in the Poplar River Basin A3 

4.0 Metric Conversion Factors A4 



TABLES 

Table 2.1 Water-Quality Objectives 5 

Table 3.1 Recommended Water-Quality Objectives and Excursions, 2000 Sampling 

Program, East Poplar River at International Boimdary 18 

Table 3.2 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Supplementary 

Water Supply Project Wells 27 

Table 3.3 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Salinity Control Project 

Wells Sampled at the Discharge Pipe 28 

Table 3.4 Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 2000 32 

Table 3.5 Streamflow Measurement Results for September 19, 2000 35 

Table 3.6 East Poplar River Joint Water-Quality Sample Results for July 1 0, 2000 36 

FIGURES 



Figure 3.1 Discharge during 2000 as Compared with the Median Discharge from 

1931-1990 for the Poplar River at International Boundary 6 

Figure 3.2 Flow Hydrograph of the East Poplar River at International Boundary 8 

Figure 3.3 Cumulative Volume Hydrograph of On-Demand Release 9 

Figure 3.4 TDS Concentration for 2000 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at 

International Boundary 1 1 

Figure 3.5 Three-Month Moving Flow- Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar 

River at International Boimdary 1 1 

Figure 3.6 Five- Year Moving Flow- Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar River 

at International Boundary 13 

Figure 3.7 Daily TDS Concentration, 1 989 to 2000, East Poplar River at International 

Boundary 13 

Figure 3.8 Boron Concentration for 2000 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at 

International Boimdary 15 

Figure 3.9 Three-Month Moving Flow- Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar 

River at International Boundary 15 

Figure 3.10 Five- Year Moving Flow- Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar 

River at International Boundary 16 

Figure 3.11 Daily Boron Concentration, 1 989 to 2000, East Poplar River at 

International Boundary 16 

Figure 3.12 Supplementary Water Supply 19 

Figure 3.13 Pumpage from Salinity Control Project 21 

Figure 3.14 Drawdown for Hart Seam Aquifer as of December 2000 23 

Figure 3.15 Cone of Depression in the Empress Sands Due to the Salinity Confrol Project 

as of December 2000 24 

Figure 3.16 Hydrograph of Selected Wells: Fort Union-Hart Coal Aquifers 25 

Figure 3.17 Hydrograph of Selected Wells: Alluvium and Fox Hills Aquifers 26 

Figure 3.18 Total Dissolved Solids in Samples from Montana Wells 3 1 

Figure 3.19 Cookson Reservoir Daily Mean Water Levels for 2000 and Median 

Monthly Water Levels, 1981-1991 33 



HIGHLIGHTS FOR 2000 

The Poplar River Power Station completed its seventeenth full year of operation in 2000. The two 
300-megawatt coal-fired units generated 4,454,500 gross megawatt hours (MW/h) of electricity. 
The average capacity factors for Units No. 1 and 2 were 73.9 percent and 90.6 percent, 
respectively. The capacity factors are based on the maximum generating rating of 305 MW/h for 
Unit No.l and 310 MW/h for Unit No. 2. Similar to other years, scheduled maintenance was 
completed in the fall and spring of 2000. 

Monitoring information collected in both Canada and the United States during 2000 was exchanged 
in the spring of 2001. In general, the sampling locations, frequency of collection, and parameters 
met the requirements identified in the 2000 Technical Monitoring Schedules set forth in the 1 999 
annual report. 

The recorded volume of the Poplar River at International Boundary fi-om March 1 to May 31, 2000 
was 2,080 dam'' (1,690 acre-feet). Based on International Joint Commission (IJC) recom- 
mendations and the assumption that the recorded flow is the natural flow, the United States was 
entitled to a minimum discharge on the East Poplar River of 0.028 cubic metres per second (m^/s) 
(1.0 cubic foot per second (ftVs)) for the period June 1, 2000 to May 31, 2001. The minimum flow 
of 0.057 m^/s (2.0 ft^/s) for the period January 1 to May 31, 2000 had previously been determined 
on the basis of the Poplar River flow volume for March 1 to May 31, 1999. Except for April 28, 
daily flows in 2000 met or exceeded the minimum flow recommended by the IJC. 

In addition to the minimum flow, the IJC apportionment recommendation entitles the United States 
to an on-demand release to be delivered on the East Poplar River during the twelve-month period 
commencing June 1. Based on the runoff volume of 31,740 dam'' (25,730 acre-feet) recorded at the 
Poplar River at International Boundary gauging station for March 1 through May 31, 1999, the 
United States was entitied to an additional release of 1,230 dam^ (1,000 acre-feet) from Cookson 
Reservoir during the succeeding twelve-month period commencing June 1, 1999. Montana 
requested this release to be made between May 1 and May 31, 2000. A volume of 1,180 dam^ 
(957 acre-feet), in addition to the minimum flow, was delivered during this period. 

The 2000 five-year total dissolved solids (TDS) flow-weighted concentrations were below the 
long-term objective of 1,000 milligrams per litre (mg/L). The maximum monthly value calculated 
in 2000 was 972 mg/L, which was less than in 1999. Boron concentrations for 2000 continued to 
remain well below the long-term objective of 2.5 mg/L. 



m 



1.0 INTRODUCTION 

The Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee was authorized for an initial period of five years by 
the Governments of Canada and the United States under the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring 
Arrangement dated September 23, 1980. A copy of the Arrangement is attached to this report as Annex 
1. Through exchange of Diplomatic Notes, the Arrangement was extended in March 1987, July 1992, 
and July 1997. The current extension expires in March 2002. A more detailed account of the historical 
background of the Monitoring Arrangement is contained in the 1 990 Annual Report of the Poplar River 
Bilateral Monitoring Conmiittee. 

The Committee oversees monitoring programs designed to evaluate the potential for transboundary 
impacts fi^om SaskPower's (formerly Saskatchewan Power Corporation) coal-fired thermal generating 
station and ancillary operations near Coronach, Saskatchewan. Monitoring is conducted in Canada and 
the United States at or near the International Boundary for quantity and quality of surface and ground 
water and for air quality. Participants fi*om both countries, including Federal, State and Provincial 
agencies, are involved in monitoring. 

The Committee submits an annual report to Governments which svmimarizes the monitoring results, 
evaluates apparent trends, and compares the data to objectives or standards recommended by the 
International Joint Commission (IJC) to Governments, or relevant State, Provincial, or Federal 
standards. The Committee reports to Governments on a calendar year basis. The Committee is also 
responsible for drawing to the attention of Governments definitive changes in monitored parameters 
which may require immediate attention. 

A responsibility of the Committee is to review the adequacy of the monitoring programs in both 
countries and make recommendations to Governments on the Technical Monitoring Schedules. The 
Schedules are updated aimually for new and discontinued programs and for modifications in sampling 
fi-equencies, parameter lists, and analytical techniques of ongoing programs. The Technical Monitoring 
Schedules listed in the annual report (Annex 2) are given for the forthcoming year. The Committee will 
continue to review and propose changes to the Technical Monitoring Schedules as information 
requirements change. 



2.0 COMMITTEE ACTIVmES 
2.1 Membership 



The Committee is composed of representatives of the Governments of the United States of America and 
Canada, the State Government of Montana, and the Provincial Government of Saskatchewan. In 
addition to the representatives of Governments, two ex-ofBcio members serve as local representatives 
for the State of Montana and Province of Saskatchewan. 

During 2000, the members of the Committee included: Mr. R. Davis, U.S. Geological Survey, United 
States representative and Cochair; Mr. R. Kellow, Environment Canada, Canadian representative and 
Cochair; Mr. J. Stults, Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation, Montana 
representative; Mr. C. Bosgoed, Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management, Saskatchewan 
representative; Mr. C.W. Tande, Daniels County Commissioner, Montana local ex-officio 
representative; and Mr. J.R. Totten, Reeve, R.M. of Hart Butte, Saskatchewan local ex-officio 
rq)resentative. 



2.2 Meetings 



The Committee met on July 18* and 19*, 2000, in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. Delegated repre- 
sentatives of Governments, with the exception of the two ex-officio members from Montana and 
Saskatchewan, attended the meeting. In addition to Committee members, several technical advisors 
representing Federal, State, and Provincial agencies participated in the meeting. During the meeting, the 
Committee reviewed the operational status of the Poplar Power Plant and associated coal mining 
activities; examined data collected in 1999 including surface-water quality and quantity, ground-water 
quality and quantity, and air quality; established the Technical Monitoring Schedules for the year 2001; 
discussed proposed changes in water-qiiality objectives and the possibility of replacing the flow- 
weighting method currently used to compute total dissolved solids and boron. 



2.3 Review of Water-Quality Objectives 

The International Joint Commission in its Report to Governments, titled " Water-Quality in the Poplar 
River Basin", recommended that the Committee "periodically review the water-quality objectives within 
the overall Basin context and recommend new and revised objectives as appropriate", hi 1991, the 
Committee undertook a review of water-quality objectives. 

The Committee approved changes in water-quality objectives recommended by the 1991 subcommittee 
which was formed to review the objectives. Revised objectives approved by the Committee are listed in 
Table 2.1. 

The Committee discussed the water-quality objectives for 5-year and 3-month flow-weighted 
concentrations for total dissolved solids and boron. Although the Committee agreed that calculation 
procedures to determine flow-weighted concentrations are time consuming and probably scientifically 
questionable, no consensus was reached on alternative objectives or procedures. Some of the 
discussions and decisions that were made at this meeting include: Suspending most of the parameters 
that were recommended for discontinuance in 1991 such as dissolved aluminum, bacteria, pH, mercury 
in fish, and im-ionized ammonia. Canada has expressed concern about the need for the flow-weighted 
boron and TDS objectives given the uncertainty of the scientific validity of how the objectives are 
calculated. 

According to the IJC report titled, "Water-Quality in the Poplar River Basin", the Committee can 
"recommend new and revised objectives as appropriate". After a lengthy discussion, members agreed 
not to remove any objectives at this time. Instead, the Committee decided to suspend the monitoring 
and reporting of several parameters after reviewing the water-quality objectives. The suspended 
parameters are: dissolved aluminum, un-ionized ammonia, total chromium, dissolved copper, mercury in 
fish, fecal coliform, and total coliform. The decision to suspend these parameters was based on data 
indicating concentrations or levels well below or within the objectives. In addition, the Committee 
agreed there was a need to review the flow-weighted objectives for boron and TDS. The Committee 
also agreed to other minor revisions to the water-quality objectives for clarification. For example, 
changing the designation for pH fi-om "natural" to "ambient". 



Another responsibility of the Committee has included an ongoing exchange of data acquired through the 
monitoring programs. Exchanged data and reports are available for public viewing at the agencies of the 
participating governments or from Committee members. 



2.4 Data Exchange 

The Committee is responsible for assuring exchange of data between governments. The exchange of 
monitoring information was initiated in the first quarter of 1981 and was an expansion of the informal 
quarterly exchange program initiated between the United States and Canada in 1976. Until 1991, data 
were exchanged on a quarterly basis. At the request of the Committee, the United States and Canada 
agreed to replace the quarterly exchange of data with an annual exchange effective at the begirming of 
the 1992 calendar year. Henceforth, data will be exchanged once each year as soon after the end of the 
calendar year as possible. However, imusual conditions or anomalous information will be reported and 
exchanged whenever warranted. No unusual conditions occurred during 2000 which warranted special 
reporting. 



Table 2.1 Water-Quality Objectives 



Parameter 


Present 
Objective 


Recommendation 


New Objective 


Boron - total 


3.5/2.5' 


Continue as is - re-evaluate 


To be determined 


TDS 


1500/1000' 


Continue as is - re-evaluate 


To be determined 


Alurainum, dissolved 


0.1 


Suspend* 


— 


Ammonia, un-ionized 


0.02 


Suspend* 


~ 


Cadmium, total 


0.0012 


Continue as is 


0.0012 


Chromium, total 


0.05 


Suspend* 


~ 


Copper, dissolved 


0.005 


Suspend* 


— 


Copper, total 


1 


Continue as is 


1 


Fluoride, dissolved 


1.5 


Continue as is 


1.5 


Lead, total 


0.03 


Continue as is 


0.03 


Mercury, dissolved 


0.0002 


Change to total 


0.0002 


Mercury, fish (mg/kg) 


0.5 


Suspend* 


~ ■ 


Nitrate 


10 


Continue as is 


10 


Oxygen, dissolved 


4.0/5.0^ 


Objective applies only during 
open water 


4.0/5.0^ 


SAR (units) 


10 


Continue as is 


10 


Sulfate, dissolved 


800 


Continue as is 


800 


Zinc, total 


0.03 


Continue as is 


0.03 


Water temperature (C) 


30.0^ 


Continue as is 


30.0^ 


pH (units) 


6.5* 


Continue 


6.5* 


Coliform (no./100 ml) 








1 Fecal 


2000 


Suspend* 


_ 


1 Total 20000 Suspend* 


— 


Units in mg/L excq>t as noted. 

1 . Five-year average of flow-weighted concentrations (March to October) should be <2.5 boron, <1,000 TDS. 

Three-month average of flow-weighted concentration should be <3.S boron and <ISOO TDS. 

2. 5.0(mininiuni April lOto May IS), 4.0(minimumremainderof year- Fish Spawning). 
1 3. Natural temperature (April 10 to May 15), <30 degree Celsius (remainder of year) 

4. Less than O.S pH units above ambient, minimum pH=6.S. 





*The term "Discontinue " in Table 2. 1 was replaced with "Suspend" as discussed by the Committee in 1 999. 



3.0 WATER AND AIR: MONITORING AND INTERPRETATIONS 

3.1 Poplar River Power Station Operation 

In 2000, the two 300-megawatt coal-fired units generated 4,454,500 gross megawatt hours (MW/h) of 
electricity. The average capacity factors for Unit No. 1 and 2 were 73.9 percent and 90.6 percent, 
respectively. The capacity factors are based on the maximum generating rating of 305 MW/h for Unit 
No. 1 , and 3 1 MW/h for Unit No. 2. 

3.2 East Poplar River 
3.2.1 Streamflow 



Streamflow in the Poplar River basin was below normal in 2000. The March to October recorded flow 
of the Poplar River at International Boundary, an indicator of natural flow in the basin, was 7,010 cubic 
decametres (dam^) (5,680 acre-feet), which was 69 percent of the 1931 to 1990 median seasonal flow. 
A comparison of 2000 monthly mean discharge with the 1931-90 median discharge is shown in Figure 
3.1. 



2.5 



1.5 



0.5 




MAR 



'Median of Monthly Mean Discharge for 1931-90 
'Monthly Mean Discharge for 2000 



1* 



O. 



-o— 




=8= 



APR 



AUG 



SEP 



140 



(0 
100 K 



80 !" 



lU 

40 O 



20 <0 




OCT 



Figure 3.1 Discharge during 2000 as Compared with the Median Discharge from 
1931-1990 for the Poplar River at International Boundary. 



The 2000 recorded flow volume of the East Poplar River at International Boundary was 3,420 dam^ 
(2,770 acre-feet). This volume is 112 percent of the median annual flow since the completion of 
Morrison Dam in 1975. 

3.2.2 Apportionment 

In 1976 the International Souris-Red Rivers Engineering Board, through its Poplar River Task Force, 
completed an investigation and made a recommendation to the Governments of Canada and the United 
States regarding the apportionment of waters of the Poplar River basin. Although not officially adopted 
by the two countries, the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee has adhered to the Apportion- 
ment Recommendations in each of its annual reports. Annex 3 contains the apportionment 
recommendation. 



3.2.3 Minimum Flows 

The recorded volume of the Poplar River at International Boundary from March 1 to May 31, 2000 was 
2,080 dam^ (1,690 acre-feet). Based on IJC recommendations and the assumption that the recorded flow 
is the natural flow, the United States was entitled to a minimum discharge on the East Poplar River of 
0.028 cubic metres per second (m^/s) (1.0 cubic feet per second (ft^/s)) for the period June 1, 2000 to 
May 31, 2001. The minimum flow for the period January 1 to May 31, 2000 was 0.057 m^/s (2.0 ft^/s), 
determined on the basis of the Poplar River flow volume for March 1 to May 31, 1999. A hydrograph 
for the East Poplar River at International Boundary and the minimum flow as recommended by the IJC 
are shown in Figure 3.2. 

Daily flows during 2000 met or exceeded the minimum flow recommended by the IJC throughout the 
year except for April 28 when daily flows fell slightly below the recommended minimum. 







I I I 
~ i * 



Figure 3.2 Flow Hydrograph of the East Poplar River at International Boundary. 



3.2.4 On-Demand Release 



In addition to the minimum flow, the IJC apportionment recommendation entitles Montana to an on- 
demand release to be delivered on the East Poplar River during the twelve-month period commencing 
Jime 1. Based on the runoff volume of 31,740 dam^ (25,730 acre-feet) recorded at the Poplar River at 
hitemational Boundary gauging station during the March 1 to May 31, 1999 period, Montana was 
entitled to an additional release of 1,230 dam^ (1,000 acre-feet) from Cookson Reservoir during the 
succeeding twelve-month period commencing June 1, 1999. Montana requested this release to be made 
between May 1 and May 31, 2000. A volume of 1,180 dam^ (957 acre- feet), in addition to the mini- 
mum flow, was delivered dxiring this period. A hydrograph showing cumulative volume of the on- 
demand release request and on-demand release delivery made at the East Poplar River at International 
Boundary is shown in Figure 3.3 





1400 






■ 




1200 


• 


On-Dwnand nttotta Dtilvary 

On-Ownand ntl»m RaquMt 


^^ 


u'lu 


1000 


■ 




^,„*-''^^'' 


le 






^^ 


'■" 


§3 


800 


• 


^,^'^'' 


■ 


III u 






^^^^* ^ 




gs 






^^^x^^'" 




o ^ 


600 




^^^<^^ 




o£ 


400 




^,'<<^ 






200 




^„^i^' 


• 







<£ 


^' 






9 ui 
> u. 



liifiriiiiiiii 



Figure 33 Cumulative Volume Hydrograph of On-Demand Release. 

3.2.5 Water Quality 

The 198 1 report by the UC to Governments recommended: 

For the March to October period, the maximum flow-weighted concentrations should not exceed 3.5 
milligrams per litre (mg/L) for boron and 1500 mg/Lfor TDSfor any three consecutive months in the 
East Poplar River at the International Boundary. For the March to October period, the long-term 
average of flow-weighted concentrations should be 2.5 mg/L or less for boron, and 1000 mg/L or less 
for TDS in the East Poplar River at the International Boundary. 



For the period prior to 1982, three-month moving flow-weighted concentration (FWC) for boron and 
total dissolved solids (TDS) was calculated solely from monthly monitoring results. Since the beginning 
of 1982, the USGS has monitored specific conductance daily in the East Poplar River at the 
International Boimdary, making it possible to derive boron and TDS concentration using a linear 
regression relationship with specific conductance. Thus, the three-month FWC for boron and TDS for 
the period 1982 to 2000 was calculated from both the results of monthly monitoring (grab samples 
collected by both Canada and the United States) and the statistical analysis of daily specific conductance 
readings collected by the USGS. 



10 

The Bilateral Monitoring Committee adopted the approach that, for the purpose of comparison with the 
proposed IJC long-term objectives, the boron and TDS data are best plotted as a five-year moving FWC 
which is advanced one month at a time. 

Prior to 1988, long-term averages were calculated for a five-year period in which 2.5 years preceded and 
2.5 years followed each plotted point. Beginning in 1988, the FWC was calculated fi-om the five-year 
period preceding each plotted point. For example, the FWC for December 2000 is calculated fi-om data 
generated over the period December 1995 to December 2000. The calculations are based on the results 
of samples collected throughout the year, and are not restricted to only those collected during the months 
bracketing the period of irrigation (March to October) each year. 

3.2.5.1 Total Dissolved Solids 

TDS is inversely related to streamflow at the Intemational Boundary station. During periods of high 
runoff such as spring fi-eshet, TDS decreases as the proportion of streamflow derived fi"om groimd water 
decreases. Conversely, during times of low streamflow (late summer, winter) the contribution of ground 
water to streamflow is proportionally greater. Because ground water has a higher ionic strength than the 
surface water entering the river, the TDS of the stream increases markedly during low flow conditions. 

TDS grab-sample data collected by Environment Canada and the USGS in 2000 are shown in Figure 
3.4. The TDS ranged fi-om 720 mg/L on May 26 to 1,050 mg/L on December 20. The proposed short- 
term objective for TDS is 1,500 mg/L. A time plot of the three-month moving FWC for TDS is 
presented in Figure 3.5. Note that grab-sample-derived data are now plotted with dot symbols. 



11 



Figure 3.4: TDS Concentration for 2000 Grab Samples from East Poplar River 
at International Boundary 



1200 



1000 



f 800 
1 600 



Q 400 
S 



200 



♦ 879 



♦ 938 ♦ 934 ♦ 935 ^ ^^ ♦ 936 



♦ 1021 



<> 1050 



♦ 720 



Figure 3.5: Three-Month Moving Flow-Weighted TDS Concentration for East 
Poplar River at International Boundary 



1600 



1400 

i 1200 

E. 

•o 1000 - 



800 



(S 600 - 



o 400 ■ 




Gratxample^erived data 
Regressioixierived data 



Q}Q)Q}Q)Q)0)Q)Q) 



"^ 'nJ 00 00 00 00 

00 CD O -^ rO 03 






8 iS 



D) D) lU fl> Q} 



(O (O CO 



CO tf> Q O 

00(0 0-' 



12 

The TDS objective has not been exceeded during the period of record. On inspection of the plot, it is 
apparent that the three-month moving FWC has been increasing gradually, year by year, up until the 
spring runoff of 1997, when an exceptionally heavy snowmelt contributed sufficient water of low ionic 
strength to the river and the reservoir to dilute the accumulated salts built up in the system. Dissolved 
solids declined slightly in 1 999 and remained lower in 2000. 

The five-year moving FWC for TDS (Figure 3.6) did not exceed the long-term objective of 1,000 mg/L 
in 2000. The maximum monthly value calculated in 2000 was 972 mg/L, which is less than the previous 
year maximum monthly value of 989 mg/L. 

The daily TDS values, as generated by linear regression from the daily specific-conductance readings, 
from December 1989 to December 2000 are shown in Figure 3.7. The data show an abrupt drop in TDS 
corresponding to the snowmelt runoff occurring during the spring of each year. 

The relationship between TDS and specific conductance applied to data collected from 1975 to 2000 is 
as follows: 

TDS = (0.626 X specific conductance) + 31.542 
(R^ = 0.85, n = 555) 



13 



Figure 3.6: Five- Year Moving Flow-Weighted TDS Concentration for East Poplar River 


1200 












i i 






at International Boundary 




1000 

1 
t «°° 






























- 








1 

i 

f i 


i 1 j ' 






1 


/■ 




1 i 1 1 














n 








1 


/ 




j 1 






8> 










|A>— 


nT 












f- 


\i 






1 




1 i M i ■ 




Dissolve 
























r 


















1 1 

I i 








^~ 


















































1 


Total 
























— 




■ — 




- 








— 


— ' 


— 






i 
1 







\ 


>>>■ 


^■h 


% % % 


^ 






^ 


i 1 1 1 1 1 1 ! 1 


. i 1 



1600 



i 



Figure 3.7: Daily TDS Concentration, 1989 to 2000 

East Poplar River at International Boundary 

(regression-derived data) 




14 

3.2.5.2 Boron 

Figure 3.8 shows that during 2000, boron concentrations in the East Poplar River at International 
Boundary varied from 0.961 (May 26) to 2.01 mg/L (June 12). 

The three-month moving FWC for boron for the period of record is shown in Figure 3.9. The short-term 
objective of 3.5 mg/L has not been exceeded over the period 1975 to 2000. It can be seen that the data 
derived from grab samples and that derived from regression with specific conductance are similar, with 
the highs and lows in some degree of correspondence. This suggests that the regression generation of 
boron and TDS values is, in general terms, a valid procedure despite problems which arise from 
attempting to generate representative concenfration and flow data for an entire month, based on a limited 
number of samples. 

The five-year moving FWC for boron displayed in Figure 3.10 remained well below the long-term 
objective of 2.5 mg/L. From mid- 1993 to the end of the data period there is a distinct drop in the 
computed boron concentrations. 

It is apparent that TDS is better-correlated with specific conductance than is boron. Boron is a relatively 
minor ion, and does not in itself contribute to a large degree to the total load of dissolved constituents in 
the water. Accordingly, it appears likely that the standard deviation of dissolved boron (relative to the 
long-term mean boron concentration) may be greater than that of the major cations (sodium, potassium, 
and magnesium) and anions (sulphate, bicarbonate, and chloride) around their respective long-term 
mean concentrations. Daily boron concentrations for the period December 1989 to December 2000 are 
shown in Figure 3.1 1. 

The relationship between boron and specific conductance at the East Poplar River sampling location 
during the period 1975 to 2000 is described by the equation: 

boron = (0.0013 x specific conductance) - 0.034 
(R^ = 0.58, n = 555) 



15 



Figure 3.8: Boron Concentration for 2000 Grab Samples from East Poplar River at 
International Boundary 



^ 1-8 
S 1.6 



►-2^1 



♦ 1.88 



♦ 1.89 



-♦4^1- 



♦ 1.74 



♦ 1.69 



♦ 1.65 



1.57 ^,.55 



0.8 



♦ 1.46 



♦ 0.961 



1.85 



Figure 3.9: Three-Month Moving Flow-Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar 
River at International Boundary 



3.5 



3 - 



2.5 — 



1.5 ■ 



0.5 - 




0)0}&>D>D)fi}fl)Q)0}Q> 



CO O -» 



S 2 






03 (0 (O CO 09 

-* ro w ^ oi 



8 2 



16 



Figure 3.10: Five- Year Moving Flow-Weighted Boron Concentration for East Poplar 
River at International Boundary 



2.5 



1.5 



0.5 






-r -^ -^ -^ -^ -^ ^ */ ^ ^ ^ % ^ ^ <%> ^ •% */ "^ •%> •%■ % "%« •?> <%) -%> ^ ^/ 



Figure 3.11 : Daily Boron Concentration, 1989 to 2000 

E£ist Poplar River at International Boundary 

(regression-derived data) 



3.00 



0.00 




V^iH^wl 







f 17 

3.2.53 Other Water-Quality Variables 

Table 3.1 contains the multipurpose water-quality objectives for the East Poplar River at International 
Boundary, recommended by the International Poplar River Water Quality Board to the UC. The table 
shows the number of samples collected for each parameter and the number of times over the course of 
the year that the objectives were exceeded. In the table, multiple replicate samples collected dxuing the 
aimual quality control exercise are treated as a single sample, but where an objective was exceeded in a 
rqjlicate sample, this is charged against the single sample noted. As the table shows, all parameters were 
within the appropriate objectives. Dissolved-oxygen concentration can be low during winter as a result 
of ice cover and during low-flow conditions in summer as a result of biological activity. 



t8 



Table 3.1 Recommended Water-Quality Objectives and Excursions, 2000 Sampling Program, 
East Poplar River at International Boundary (units in mg/L, except as otherwise noted) 


Parameter 


Objective 


No. of Samples 


Excursions 




USA 


Canada 


Objectives recommended by IJC to Gk)vemments i 


Boron - dissolved 


3.5/2.5 (1) 


6 


6 





Total Dissolved Solids 


1,500/1,000(1) 


6 


6 





Objectives recommended by Poplar River Board to the IJC | 


Ammonia un-ionized (as N) 


0.2 


6 


5 





Cadmium - total 


0.0012 


2 


6 





Copper - total 


1.0 


2 


6 





Fluoride - dissolved 


1.5 


6 


6 





Lead - total 


0.03 


2 


6 





Mercury - total 


0.0002 


2 


4 





Nitrate (as N) 


10.0 


6 


6 





Oxygen - dissolved 


4.0/5.0 (2) 


6 


6 





Sodium adsorption ratio 


10.0 


6 








Sulphate - dissolved 


800.0 


6 


6 





Zinc -total 


0.03 


1 


6 





Water temperature (Celsius) 


30.0 (3) 


6 


6 





pH (pH units) 


6.5 (4) 


6 


6 





( 1 ) Three-month average of flow-weighted concentrations should be <3.5 mg/L boron and < 1 ,500 mg/L ' 

flow-weighted concentrations (March to October should be <2.5 mg/L boron and <l,000 mg/LTD 

(2) 5.0 (minimum April 10 to May 15), 4.0 (minimum, remainder of the year). 

(3) Natural temperature (April 10 to May 15), <30 degrees Celsius (remainder of the year). 

(4) Less than 0.5 pH units above natural, minimum pH = 6.5 


fDS. Five-year average of 
5. 



19 



3 J Groundwater 



3J.1 Operations 



SaskPower's supplementary supply continued to operate during 2000, with the majority of ground-water 
production occurring during the fall to spring period. This is a typical operational pattern for the project 
and is done to minimize water losses. Limited production occurs during the summer months in order to 
supply domestic users, including the Town of Coronach. In 2000, ground- water production increased to 
4,907 dam^ from the 1999 total of 4,410 dam^ total. Production from 1991 to 2000 has now averaged 
5,026 dam^ per year. Prior to 1990, the wells used for supplementary supply were part of a dewatering 
network for coal-mining operations. This resulted in the high production levels experienced in the early 
to mid 1980's. With the drought of the late 1980's and early 1990's, it was evident that there was a 
continued need for groxmd water to supplement water levels in Cookson Reservoir. Consequently the 
wells were taken over by SaskPower for use as a supplementary supply. 



Poplar River Power Plant 
Supplementary Supply 




1976 1977 1978 1979 1960 1981 1962 1983 1964 1985 1986 1987 1968 1969 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 

Yur 



Figure 3.12 Supplementary Water Supply 



20 

SaskPower has an approval for the supplementary supply project to produce an annual volume of 5,500 
dam^/year. This approval was extended by Sask Water in 1996. Future revisions to the approval will 
likely include conditions requiring termination of pumping (with the exception of wells supplying 
domestic users) when the reservoir is above a specified level. SaskWater is currently undertaking a 
study to determine the best reservoir level for a ground-water pumping cutoff. 

SaskPower's supplementary supply well network currently consists of 2 1 wells with a total of 1 
discharge points. No wells were added or deleted from the well field during the year. 

In addition to the supplementary supply, SaskPower also operates the Soil Salinity Project, which is 
located south of Morrison Dam. The project was initiated in 1989 to alleviate soil salinity which had 
developed below the dam. The salinity project consists of a network of production wells which 
discharge into the cooling water canal, which in turn discharges to Cookson Reservoir. Operation of the 
salinity project continued in 2000 with production of 675.9 dam'' of ground water. This was well below 
both the 1999 production level of 881.1 dam^ and the average annual production of 886 dam^/year since 
the project inception in 1990. Production was at its lowest level since the inception of the project. The 
reduced production is due to increased mechanical problems in the production wells. A well 
rehabilitation program for 2001 and 2002 is expected to result in production reaching the levels achieved 
in the early 1990's. 

Approximately 70 percent of the total volume pumped came from wells PW87103 and PW87104 which 
are located on the east side of the river and most of the remainder (25 percent) was produced from 
PW90109 on the west side of the river. 



21 



Poplar River Power Station 
Salinity Project 



I 800 




1995 
Yur 



1999 2000 



Figure 3.13 Pumpage from Salinity Control Project 

3.3.2 Ground-Water Monitoring 

3.3.2.1 Saskatchewan 

In 1996 nineteen new piezometers were installed in the Hart Coal Seam and a further eighteen 
piezometers from the Frenchman aquifer testing program were added to the supplementary supply 
monitoring network that year. With these extensive additions, no new piezometers have been added to 
the monitoring network since that time. Currently, about 1 80 piezometers are monitored as part of this 
project. 



Figure 3.14 shows the drawdown in the Hart Coal seam as of December 2000. There were no significant 
changes in the magnitude and extent of drawdowns from previous years. The one metre drawdown 
contour currently remains about two kilometres north of the hitemational Boundary. There have not 
been significant changes in the cone of depression for the past several years, suggesting that the system 



22 



has approached a semi-equilibrium condition. Consequently, minor drawdown fluctuations in response 
to climatic and production variations can be expected. 

The goal of the Salinity Project is to lower ground- water levels in the Empress sands below Morrison 
Dam to approximately pre-reservoir levels. This is equivalent to roughly two to three metres of 
drawdown, and was achieved by the end of 1995 and again by the end of 1996. However, reduced 
production over the past five years and increased recharge fi-om higher reservoir levels and precipitation 
has led to a significant contraction in the project's cone of depression. At the end of 2000 one metre of 
drawdown was only achieved on the west side of the river, while on the east side drawdowns were less 
than one metre. Figure 3.15 shows the cone of depression in the Empress Sands as of December 2000. 

Increased salinity in the project area has resulted in questions as to whether the current project design is 
sufficient to control salinity. SaskPower conducted a study of the salinity project which provided 
recommendations for a long term solution for the operation of the project. The well rehabilitation 
program is a result of those recommendations. 



23 




Figure 3.14 Drawdown for Hart Seam Aquifer as of December 2000 




24 



Figure 3.15 Cone of Dcprcnion in the Emprcu Sands due to the Salinity Control Project at of December 2000 



25 



3 J.2.2 Montana 

Water-levels in monitoring wells (6, 7, 9, 13, 16, 17, 19, and 22) that penetrate the Fort Union 
Formation and/or Hart Coal Seam were rising during 1997 and 1998, and have leveled off or dropped 
slightly during 1999 and 2000. Hydrographs of selected Fort Union/Hart Coal wells (6, 7, 17, and 19) 
are shown in figure 3.16. 



2456 



a 2450 



Hydrograph of Selected Wells 

Fort Union - Hart Coal Aquifers 




-W19 



Jan-79 Jan-81 Jan-83 Jan-85 Jan-87 Jan-89 Jan-91 Jan-93 Jan-95 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan-01 

Date 



Figure 3.16 Hydrograph of Selected Wells - Fort Union-Hart Coal Aquifers 



26 



The potentiometric siirface in the Fox Hills/Hell Creek artesian aquifer (well 1 1) has shown very little 
fluctuation or change throughout the 21 year (1979-2000) monitoring period. 

Water levels in monitoring wells (5, 8, 10, 23, and 24) that penetrate the alluvial and / or outwash 
aquifer show considerable fluctuation due to seasonal and/or pumping changes; however, they rose 
during the period 1996 to 1998 and leveled off during 1999 and 2000. Hydrographs of selected alluvial 
wells (10, 23, and 24) and Fox Hills well (1 1) are shown in Figure 3.17. 



Hydrograph of Selected Wells 

Alluvium and Fox Hills Aquifers 



I 2428 

c 

1 

I 2426 

UJ 

I 



^-^ 


J^ 




; i i • , 




; 


^ 


■v 


"-^v^ 




M ^ H 


7-yi 


Ar 


1 








! f\Ki:\ 


ji 


^ 








1 '■ 


1 \ : 1 
1 1 1 1 


1 




: 




■ i 




' ! ' ' 


; 


A ' 


*v* 


■^v 


v*- 


1 


; i : : 


■l5?7 


M 


1 








1 ^;^ 


ylV 


1 


' 




1 

1 i 1 1 


1 
1 1 1 ] 
i i . ; 


1 i i 





-W10 
-W11 
-W23 
-VV24 



Jan-79 Jan-81 Jan-83 Jan-85 Jan-87 Jan-89 Jan-91 Jan-S3 Jan-95 Jan-97 Jan-99 Jan-01 



Figure 3.17 Hydrograph of Selected Wells - Alluvium and Fox Hills Aquifers 



27 



3.3.3 Ground-Water Quality 
333.1 Saskatchewan 

The water quality from the Supplementary Supply Project discharge points has been consistent with no 
trends indicated. A summary of the more frequently tested parameters during 2000 is provided in Table 
3.2. Statistical averages of the results since 1992 are included in this table. 



Table 3.2 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Supplementary 
Water Supply Project Wells* 





2000 Average 


1992 - 2000 Average 


pH (unit) 


7.5 


7.4 


Conductivity (nS/cm) 


1,416 


1,408 


Total Dissolved Solids 


985 


967 


Total Suspended Solids 


5.5 


2.7 


Boron 


1.4 


1.3 


Sodium 


191 


182 


Cyanide (^ig/L) 


<2 


<2 


Iron 


1.1 


1.2 


Manganese 


0.05 


0.2 


Mercury (Jig/L) 


<0.1 


<0.1 


Calcium 


81 


80 


Magnesium 


49 


50 1 


Sulfate 


260 


252 


Nitrate 


0.594 


0.415 



•All units in mg/L, unless otherwise noted. Sampled at Site "C3" on Girard Creek. 



28 



Average water-quality results from the common discharge point for the Salinity Control Project for 
2000, plus an average of the 1992-2000 results, are provided in Table 3.3. Results have remained 
relatively consistent since 1992. 



Table 3.3 Water-Quality Statistics for Water Pumped from Salinity Control Project Wells 

Sampled at the Discharge Pipe* 





2000 
Average 


1992-2000 
Average 


pH (units) 


7.5 


7.4 


Conductivity (^iS/cm) 


1,345 


1,421 


Total Dissolved Solids 


987 


984 


Boron 


1.5 


1.6 


Calcium 


98 


103 


Magnesium 


58 


60 


Sodium 


137 


149 


Potassium 


8.1 


7.4 


Arsenic (|Xg/L) 


0.2 


7.2 


Aluminum 


0.09 


0.07 


Barium 


0.03 


0.03 


Cadmium 


<0.001 


<0.001 


Iron 


3.8 


4.2 


Manganese 


0.12 


0.14 


Molybdenum 


NA 


0.002 


Strontium 


1.5 


1.8 


Vanadium 


NA 


0.003 


Uranium (|J.g/L) 


NA 


<0.1 


Mercury (|Xg/L) 


NA 


0.12 


Sulfate 


269 


314 


Chloride 


6.4 


6.1 


Nitrate 


0.007 


0.066 



*AII concentrations in mg/L, unless otherwise noted. 



29 

Groundwater quality in the vicinity of the ash lagoons can potentially be affected by leachate movement 
through the ash lagoon liner systems. The piezometers listed in the Technical Monitoring Schedules are 
used to assess leachate movement and calculate seepage rates. Piezometric water level, boron, and 
chloride are the chosen indicator parameters to assess leachate movement. 

The groundwater monitoring program was expanded in 1994 as a result of Ash Lagoon #3 South 
construction. In total 20 new pneumatic piezometers and 28 new standpipe piezometers were completed 
within their target zones. Testing of these piezometers began in 1995. The limited data so far do not 
show any unusual or unexpected values. 

Piezometers C867A, C868A and C871 A are completed immediately above the liner system, within the 
ash stack of Ash Lagoon #1. The 2000 monitoring results continue to suggest confirmation of the trend 
first observed in 1993 that the boron concentration decreases with depth within the ash stack. The effect 
of ash thickness on leachate quality is, however, not completely understood. 

The chemistry of water immediately above the liner systems is therefore expected to differ fi-om the 
surface water of the lagoons. Meaningfiil information is only available fi"om piezometers installed 
within Ash Lagoon #1 where ash has been deposited for many years. New piezometers C886A, C887A, 
C890A and C893A have been completed above the liner system of new Ash Lagoon #3 South and are 
now being monitored. Monitoring of these piezometers in 2000 supports the theory that boron levels 
decrease with depth within the ash stacks. Future monitoring of all piezometers completed above the 
lagoon liner systems will continue with the purpose of confirming the boron trend noted above and to 
improve the understanding of leachate quality and flow fi-om the ash lagoons. 

The piezometric surface measurements for the oxidized till continue to show the presence of a 
groundwater mound beneath the ash lagoons. The mound extends fi-om the west side of the Polishing 
Pond to the east side of Ash Lagoon No. 2. Isolated groundwater mounds have developed within the 
area of the oxidized groundwater mound. Piezometers located in the oxidized till suggest limited 
leachate activity. No seepage activity is evident in the unoxidized till. 



30 

The greatest changes in chloride and boron concentrations within the oxidized till have occurred where 
piezometric levels have changed the most. Although increasing water levels do not automatically 
suggest that the water affecting the piezometers is leachate, changing piezometric levels do suggest 
groundwater movement. Oxidized till piezometers C868B and C869B located in the middle of the 
lagoons, between Ash Lagoon No. 1 and No.2, have shown increased piezometric levels but no chemical 
information to suggest leachate influence. On the west side of the Polishing Pond, the boron levels have 
changed only slightly in the oxidized till piezometers C728A and C728D, where the chloride levels have 
changed more significantly. The chloride level for C728A has decreased fi"om 403 mg/L in 1 983 to 244 
mg/L in 2000. The chloride level for C728D has increased from 185 mg/1 in 1983 to 372 mg/L in 2000. 
Although these piezometers are close in proximity and installed at the same level, they are being 
influenced by different water. Chloride results for C728A suggest initial seepage and it is to be expected 
that over time the same observation will be seen in C728D. 

The piezometric surface of the Empress Gravel indicates a regional flow fi-om northwest to southeast 
below Morrison Dam. As a general observation, Empress piezometers respond to changing reservoir 
levels. Results for the Empress layer do not indicate seepage activity with the majority of the analyses 
showing little real change in boron or chloride results. 

Sand lens piezometers C712B, C766 and C767 are located between the polishing pond and the cooling 
water canal. C767 is located on the top of dyke G and C766 and C712B are located at the toe of dyke G. 
These piezometers have historically been of interest as the sand lens provides a preferential pathway for 
leachate migration of boron concentrations. C766 shows an increasing trend up to October 1988 with a 
peak of 43.0 mg/L in 1995 April. Since 1995 the boron levels have declined modestly and have 
remained between 25 and 38 mg/L. 

Up to April 1988 the boron concentration for C767 was increasing and peaked at 49.4 mg/L. Since this 
peak the boron concentration steadily decreased to the end of 1991 where it leveled off near 5 mg/L and 
has since remained with one exception, a concentration of 1 1 .7 mg/L in October 2000. 

Piezometer C712B has been monitored for several years. Historically, boron levels were below 1 mg/L. 
From 1992 to 2000, boron levels have remained relatively steady around between 12 and 20 mg/L. 



31 



3.3.3.2 Montana 

Samples were collected from monitoring wells 7, 16, and 24 during 2000. Well 7 is completed in Hart 
Coal, well 16 is completed in the Fort Union Formation, and well 24 is completed in alluvium. No 
significant changes in TDS were observed in monitoring wells 7 and 16. The TDS in the alluvium (well 
24), however, increased about 100 mg/L during the years 1996 through 1998, but has decreased about 
90 mg/L during 1999 and 2000 approaching the pre- 1996 values. Changes in total dissolved solids with 
time for the above wells are shown in Figure 3.18. 



Total Dissolved Solids 




-GWQQC16 



Jan-80 Jan-82 Jan-84 Jan-B6 Jan-88 Jan-90 Jan-92 Jan-94 Jan-96 Jan-9e Jan-00 Jan-( 

Date 



Figure 3.18 Total Dissolved Solids in Samples from Montana Wells. 



32 



3.4 Cookson Reservoir 

3.4.1 Storage 

On January 1, 2000, Cookson Reservoir storage was 37,920 dam^ or 85% of the full supply volume. 
The 2000 maximum, minimum, and period elevations and volumes are shown in Table 3.4. 

Inflows into the reservoir were minimal in 2000. A release was initiated in May to meet the 
recommended Poplar River basin demand release for the 1999-2000 apportionment year. No releases 
were required to maintain the recommended apportionment target flow at the International Boundary for 
the remainder of the year. ' 

In addition to runoff, reservoir levels were augmented by ground-water pumping. Wells in the 
abandoned west block mine site supplied 4,907 dam"' to Girard Creek. It is estimated that less than 70% 
of this flow volume reached Cookson Reservoir. Wells in the soil salinity project area supplied 676 
dam^. 



Table 3.4 Cookson Reservoir Storage Statistics for 2000 



Date 


Elevation (m) 


Contents 
(dam^ 


January 1 


752.27 


37,920 


January 6 (Maximum) 


752.27 


37,930 


October 24 (Minimum) 


751.54 


32,780 


December 3 1 


751.57 


33,010 


Full Supply Level 


753.00 


43,410 



33 

f The Poplar River Power Station is dependent on water from Cookson Reservoir for cooling. Power 
I plant operation is not adversely affected until reservoir levels drop below 749.0 metres. The dead 

storage level for cooling water used in the generation process is 745.0 metres. The 2000 recorded levels 

and associated operating levels are shown in Figure 3.19. 



2000 Cookson Reservoir 
Daily Mean Water Levels 



0> 

2 749 



C 

5 747 
(0 



lU 



746 



743 



Full Supply Level ,2000 



/ 



Median Level 



Minimum Desired Operating 



Minimum Useable Storage Level 



Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 



Figure 3.19 Cookson Reservoir Daily Mean Water Levels for 2000 and 
Median Daily Water Levels, 1981-1991 



34 



3.4.2 Water QuaUty 

The period from 1987 to 1993 saw very low volumes of surface-water runoff to Cookson Reservoir. 
Consequently, total dissolved solids (TDS) in the reservoir increased steadily from approximately 780 
mg/L to over 1,800 mg/L. Since 1993, higher runoff volumes have improved reservoir water quality. 
Since 1997, the TDS levels in the reservoir have generally remained below 1,000 mg/L. The average 
TDS level in Cookson Reservoir in 2000 was 719 mg/L, up slightly from 1999 but still well below past 
levels. 

3.5 Air Quality 

SaskPower's ambient SO2 monitoring for 2000 recorded one value greater than SERM's one-hour 
average standard of 0.17 ppm on April 19 and six values greater than the 24-hour average standard of 
0.06 ppm, four of which occurred on May 12. The ambient SO2 monitor was out of service from June 
through December. Letters to SERM were sent on June 7 and September 18 informing them of the 
condition of the ambient SO2 monitor. Readings from the ambient SO2 monitor continue to be 
infrequent and of insignificant magnitude. The 2000 geometric mean for the high- volume suspended 
particulate sampler was 19.7 \ig/m^ and 2000 was the ninth consecutive year of below-average 
particulate readings. 



3.6 Quality Control 

3.6.1 Streamflow 

Current-meter discharge measurements were made at the East Poplar River at International Boundary 
site on September 19, 2000 by persoimel from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and Environment 
Canada (EC) to confirm streamflow measurement comparability. Data from the two current-meter 
discharge measurements are shown in Table 3.5. The measured discharges compared fairly well with the 
theoretical discharge computation of 0.074 m^/s for the 90° V-notch weir. 



35 



Table 3.5 Streamflow Measurement Results for September 19, 2000 



Agency 


Time 
CST 


Width (m) 


Mean Area 
(m') 


Velocity 
(m/s) 


Gauge 

Height 

(m) 


Discharge 
(m^/s) 


EC 


1100 


3.4 


0.330 


0.209 


1.664 


0.069 


USGS 


1050 


3.4 


0.302 


0.215 


1.664 


0.065 



3.6.2 Water Quality 

Quality-control sampling was carried out at the East Poplar River at International Boundary on July 10, 
2000. Participating agencies included the U.S. Geological Survey, Environment Canada, and 
SaskPower. 



Sets of triplicate samples were split from USGS sampling chums and submitted to the respective agency 
laboratories for analyses. Field procedures were identical to those used since 1986. Sample results are 
shown in Table 3.6. 



■o 


H 


N 


Vi 


w 


n 


r 


2 

n 

c 

o 
— 

r 


r 


•D 


O 


n 


> 


'V 


H 


CO 


-a 


H 




X 

(A 

3 

5. 


c 


3 
O 

o 
3 


T3 

3- 
W 

n 

a. 

t 

r 


c' 
3 

1 

o 

3 


•< 

n 

3 

o. 

Si' 

(A 

3 

r 


1 

n 
a. 

P 


a 
p. 

o 

3 
IS, 

n 


C 

o 
rt 

D. 
w' 
en 

3 

r 


o 
n 
o 

fi3 

t 

r 


a. 
3 

1 

o 

3 
cp 


3 
3 
o 

3^ 

5' 

Q. 

y 

VI 

z 

3 


3 
2. 
n 

< 


o 
o. 

So' 
en 

tn 
jn 

3 


O 

3 

3 

a. 
w' 
y 

3 


63 

1 

ft 
< 
rt' 


3 

O 

C/3 

H 


> 

m 
n 


ca 


CL 
OQ 




s. 

o' 




3 

r 










r 


or 


r 












n 




















OO 


-0 






<-^ 






























r- 


&3 






O 

o 






OO 


K> 


o 


hO 




w> 


o 


A 


A 


o 


O 


O 


o 


NO 




_ 




O 


!u 


o 
o 


NO 
--1 




— 


o 


O 

b 


o 
b 




o 

o 


o 

o 


to 


?o 


Ov 

to 


bo 


O 
o 


o 








►— 








^ 


o 






o 


o 


^— 


< 






< 








■^ 










Ul 


to 




so 






00 
o 






n 




z 

n < 
> so 






































o 


u> 






O 


A 


A 


o 


o 


o 


o 




NO 


*— ■ 


3 


»-« 






o 

o 


o 






o 


O 

b 


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•5 

3 



ANNEX 1 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



CANADA-UNITED STATES 



Al-1 



September 23, 1980 

POPLAR RIVER COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 

I. PURPOSE ; . : 

This Arrangement will provide for the exchange of data collected as described in the attached 
Technical Monitoring Schedules in water-quality, water quantity and air quality monitoring 
programs being conducted in Canada and the United States at or near the International Boimdary 
in response to SaskPower development. This Arrangement will also provide for the 
dissemination of the data in each country and will assure its comparability and assist in its 
technical interpretation. 

The Arrangement will replace and expand upon the quarterly information exchange program 
instituted between Canada and the United States in 1976. 

n. PARTICIPATING GOVERNMENTS 

Governments and government agencies participating in the Arrangement are: 

Govenmient of Canada: Environment Canada 
Govenmient of the Province of Saskatchewan: 

Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management 
Government of the United States of America: United States Geological Survey 
Government of the State of Montana: Executive Office 

m. POPLAR RIVER MONITORING COMMITTEE: TERMS OF REFERENCE 

A binational committee called the Poplar River Bilateral Monitoring Committee will be 
established to carry out responsibilities assigned to it under this Arrangement. The Committee 
will operate in accordance with the following terms of reference: 



Al-2 



A. Membership 

The Committee will be composed of four representatives, one from each of the participating 
Governments. It will be jointly chaired by the Government of Canada and the Government of 
the United States. There will be a Canadian Section and a United States Section. The 
participating Governments will notify each other of any changes in membership on the 
Committee. Co-chairpersons may by mutual agreement invite agency technical experts to 
participate in the work of the Committee. 

The Governor of the State of Montana may also appoint a chief elective ofRcial of local 
government to participate as an ex-officio member of the Committee in its technical 
deliberations. The Saskatchewan Minister of the Environment may also appoint a similar local 
representative. 



B. Fvmctions of the Committee 

The role of the Committee will be to fulfil the purpose of the Arrangement by ensuring the 
exchange of monitored data in accordance with the attached Technical Monitoring Schedules, 
and its collation and technical interpretation in reports to Governments on implementation of the 
Arrangement. In addition, the Committee will review the existing monitoring systems to ensure 
their adequacy and may recommend to the Canadian and United States Governments any 
modifications to improve the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 



1. Information Exchange 

Each Co-chairperson will be responsible for transmitting to his counterpart Co-chairperson on a 
regular, and not less than quarterly basis, the data provided by the cooperative monitoring 
agencies in accordance with the Technical Monitoring Schedules. 



Al-3 



3d' 



&'"i 



3d J 

a: 



2. Reports 



(a) The Committee will prepare a joint Annual Report to the participating 
governments, and may at any time prepare joint Special Reports. 

(b) Annual Reports will 

i) summarize the main activities of the Committee in the year under Report and the 

data which has been exchanged under the Arrangement; 

ii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any definitive changes in 
the monitored parameters, based on collation and technical interpretation of 
exchanged data (i.e. the utilization of summary, statistical and other appropriate 
techniques); 

iii) draw to the attention of the participating governments any recommendations 
regarding the adequacy or redundancy of any scheduled monitoring operations 
and any proposals regarding modifications to the Technical Monitoring 
Schedules, based on a continuing review of the monitoring programs including 
analytical methods to ensure their comparability. 

(c) Special Reports may, at any time, draw to the attention of participating 
governments definitive changes in monitored parameters which may require 
immediate attention. 

(d) Preparation of Reports 

Reports will be prepared following consultation with all committee members and 
will be signed by all Committee members. Reports will be separately forwarded 
by the Committee Co-chairmen to the participating governments. All annual and 
special reports will be so distributed. 



Al-4 



3. Activities of Canadian and United States Sections 
The Canadian and United States section will be separately responsible for: 

(a) dissemination of information within their respective countries, and the 
arrangement of any discussion required with local elected officials; 

(b) verification that monitoring operations are being carried out in accordance with 
the Technical Monitoring Schedules by cooperating monitoring agencies; 

(c) receipt and collation of monitored data generated by the cooperating monitoring 
agencies in their respective coimtries as specified in the Technical Monitoring 
Schedules; 

(d) if necessary, drawing to the attention of the appropriate government in their 
respective countries any failure to comply with a scheduled monitoring function 
on the part of any cooperating agency under the jurisdiction of that government, 
and requesting that appropriate corrective action be taken. 

IV. PROVISION OF DATA 

In order to ensure that the Conmiittee is able to carry out the terms of this Arrangement, the 
participating governments will use their best efforts to have cooperating monitoring agencies, in 
their respective jurisdictions provide on an ongoing basis all scheduled monitored data for which 
they are responsible. 

V. TERMS OF THE ARRANGEMENT 

The Arrangement will be effective for an initial term of five years and may be amended by 
agreement of the participating governments. It will be subject to review at the end of the initial 
term and will be renewed thereafter for as long as it is required by the participating governments. 



Al-5 



ANNEX 2 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 

2000 

CANADA-UNITED STATES 



A2- 1 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PREAMBLE A2 - 3 

CANADA 

STREAMFLOW MONITORING A2 - 5 

SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 7 

GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR 

POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING 

NEAR THE INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY A2- 1 

GROUND- WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING 

- POWER STATION AREA A2 - 1 2 

GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING 

- ASH LAGOON AREA 

WATER LEVEL A2-14 

WATER QUALITY A2-17 

AMBIENT AIR-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 22 

UNITED STATES 

STREAMFLOW MONITORING A2 - 25 

SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 27 

GROUND-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING A2 - 29 

GROUND-WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL 

DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING A2 - 3 1 



A2-2 



PREAMBLE 

The Technical Monitoring Schedule lists those water quantity, water-quality and air quality 
monitoring locations and parameters which form the basis for information exchange and 
reporting to Governments. The structure of the Committee responsible for ensuring the exchange 
takes place is described in the Poplar River Cooperative Monitoring Arrangement. 

The monitoring locations and parameters listed herein have been reviewed by the Poplar River 
Bilateral Monitoring Committee and represent the basic technical information needed to identify 
any definitive changes in water quantity, water-quality and air quality at the hitemational 
Boundary. The Schedule was initially submitted to Governments for approval as an attachment 
to the 1981 report to Governments. Changes in the sampling locations and parameters may be 
made by Governments based on the recommendations of the Committee. 

Significant additional information is being collected by agencies on both sides of the 
International Boundary, primarily for project management or basin-wide baseline data purposes. 
This additional information is usually available upon request from the collecting agency and 
forms part of the pool of technical information which may be drawn upon by Governments for 
specific study purposes. Examples of additional information are water quantity, water-quality, 
ground-water and air quality data collected at points in the Poplar River basin not of direct 
concern to the Committee. In addition, supplemental information on parameters such as 
vegetation, soils, fish and waterfowl populations and aquatic vegetation is also being collected 
on either a routine or specific studies basis by various agencies. 



A2-3 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 

2000 

CANADA 



A2-4 



STREAMFLOW MONITORING 

Daily mean discharge or levels and instantaneous monthly extremes as normally 
published in surface water data publications. 



Responsible Agency: Environment Canada 


No. on Map 


Station No. 


Station Name 


1* 


11AE003 
(06178500) 


East Poplar River at International Boundary 


2 


11AE013*** 


Cookson Reservoir near Coronach 


3 


11AE015*** 


Girard Creek near Coronach Cookson Reservoir 


4 


11AE014*** 


East Poplar River above Cookson Reservoir 


5 




Fife Lake Overflow** 


6* 


1 1 AE008 
(06178000) 


Poplar River at International Boundary 



* - International gauging station 

** - Miscellaneous measurements of outflow to be made by Sask Water during 

periods of outflow only. 
*** - Sask Water took over the monitoring responsibility effective July 1/92. 



A2-5 




5 10 15 KILOMETRES 
I ^-r-^ h 



HYDROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (CANADA) 



A2-6 



SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING 



Sampling Locations 



Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management* 


No. on Map 


Station No. 


Station Name 


1 


7904 


Fife Lake Overflow 


2 


12412 
Discontinued 


Girard Creek at Coronach Reservoir Outflow 


3 


12377 
Discontinued 


Upper End of Cookson Reservoir at Highway 36 


4 


12368 


Cookson Reservoir near Dam 


5 


12386 


East Poplar River at Culvert Immediately 




Discontinued 


Below Cookson Reservoir 



* Data collected by SaskPower 



Responsible Agency: Environment Canada 


No. on Map 


Station No. 


Station Name 


6 


00SA11AE0008 


East Poplar River at hitemational Boundary 



A2-7 



PARAMETERS 



eAgCTicy^bnvironmen^anada 



Responsib 



NAQUADAT* 
Code 



Anilytkal Method 



SampUog Frequencj' 
Sudon So. 6 



10151 


Alkalinity-phenolphthaleiii 


Potentiometric Titration 


BM 


10111 


Alkalinity-toal 


Potentiometric Titration 


BM 


13102 


Aluminum-dissolved 


AA-Direcl 


BM 


13302 


Aluminum-extracted 


AA-Direct 


BM 


07570 


Ammonia-free 


Calculated 


BM 


07540 


Ammonia-total 


Automated Colourimetric 


m 


33108 


Afsenic-dissolved 


ICAP-hydride 


BM 


56001 


Barium-total 


AA-Direct 


BM 


06201 


Bicartmnates 


Calculated 


BM 


05211 


Boron-dissolved 


ICAP 


BM 


96360 


Bromoxynil 


Gas Chromatogiaphy 


BM 


48002 


Cadmium-total 


AA Solvent Extraction 


BM 


20103 


Calcium 


AA-Direct 


BM 


06104 


Caibon-dissolved organic 


Automated IR Detection 


BM 


06901 


Cart)on-particulate 


Elemental Analyzer 


BM 


06002 


Caibon-total organic 


Calculated 


BM 


06301 


Caitwnates 


Calculated 


BM 


17206 


Chloride 


Automated Colouiimetric 


BM 


06717 


Chlorophyll a 


Spectrophotometric 


BM 


24003 


Chromium- total 


AA-Solvent Extraction 


BM 


27002 


Cobalt-total 


AA-Solveni Extraction 


BM 


36012 


Coliform-fecal 


Membrane Filtration 


BM 


36002 


Coliform-total 


Membrane Filtration 


BM 


02021 


Colour 


Comparator 


BM 


02041 


Conductivity 


Wheatslone Bridge 


BM 


29005 


Copper-total 


AA-Solvent Extraction 


BM 


06610 


Cyanide 


Automated UV-Colourimetric 


BM 


09117 


Fluoride-dissolved 


Electrometric 


BM 


06401 


Free Carbon Dioxide 


Calculated 


BM 


10602 


Hardness 


Calculated 


BM 


17811 


Hexachlorobenzene 


Gas Chromatography 


BM 


08501 


Hydroxide 


Calculated 


BM 


26104 


Iron-dissolved 


AA-Direct 


BM 


82002 


Lead-total 


AA-Solvent Extraction 


BM 


12102 


Magnesium 


AA-Direct 


BM 


25104 


Manganese-dissolved 


AA-Direct 


BM 


80011 


Mercury-total 


Flameless AA 


BM 


07901 


N-particulate 


Elemental Analyzer 


BM 


07651 


N-total dissolved 


Automated UV Colourimetric 


BM 


10401 


NFR 


Gravimetric 


BM 


28002 


Nickel-total 


AA-Solvent Extraction 


BM 


07110 


Nitrate/Ninite 


Colourimetric 


BM 


07603 


Nitrogen- total 


Calculated 


BM 


10650 


Non-Cai<)onate Hardness 


Calculated 


BM 


18XXX 


Organo Chlorines 


Gas Chromatography 


BM 


08101 


Oxygen-dissolved 


Winkler 


BM 


15901 


P-particulate 


Calculated 


BM 


15465 


P-total dissolved 


Automated Colourimetric 


BM 


185XX 


Phenoxy Herbicides 


Gas Chromatography 


BM 


15423 


Phosphoius-total 


Colourimenic (TRAACS) 


BM 


19103 


Potassium 


Flame Emission 


BM 


11250 


Percent Sodium 


Calculated 


BM 


00210 


Saturation Index 


Calculated 


BM 


34108 


Selenium-dissolved 


ICAP-hydride 


BM 


14108 


Silica 


Automated Colourimetric 


BM 


11103 


Sodium 


Flame Emission 


BM 


00211 


Stability Index 


Calculated 


BM 


16306 


Sulphate 


Automated Colourimetric 


BM 


00201 


TDS 


Calculated 


BM 


02061 


Temperature 


Digital Thennometer 


BM 


02073 


Turbidity 


Nephelometry 


BM 


23002 


Vanadium-total 


AA-Solvent Extraction 


BM 


30005 


Zinc-total 


AA-Solvent Extraction 


BM 


10301 


PH 


Electrometric 


BM 


92111 


Uranium 


Fluomctric 


MC 



* - Computer Storage and Retrieval System — Environment Canada 

AA - Atomic Absorption IR - Infrared 

NFR - Nonfilterable Resklue MC - Monthly Composite 

ICAP - Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma. 



UV - Ultraviolet 

BM - Bimonthly (Alternate months sampled by USGS) 



A2-8 




A SASKATCHEWAN ENVIRONMENT AND 
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 

■ ENVIRONMENT CANADA 



5 10 15 KILOMETRES 
I ' 1 — ' S 



SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (CANADA) 



A2-9 



GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL DRAWDOWN 
DUE TO COAL SEAM DEWATERING NEAR THE INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY 



Responsible Agency: Sask Water* 


Measurement Frequency: Quarterly 


Piezometer 


Location 


Tip of Screen 


Perforation Zone 


Number 




Elevation (m) 


(depth in metres) 


52 


NW 14-1-27 W3 , 


738.43 


43 - 49 (in coal) 


506A 


SW 4-1-27 W3 


748.27 


81 -82 (in coal) 


507 


SW 6-1-26 W3 


725.27 


34 - 35 (in coal) 


509 


NWl 1-1-27 W3 


725.82 


76 - 77 (in coal) 


510 


NW 1-1-28 W3 


769.34 


28 - 29 (in layered 
coal and clay) 



* Data Collected by: SaskPower 



A2-10 




10 15 KILOMETRES 



GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL 
DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL-SEAM DEWATERING 



A2-11 



GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONITORING - 
POPLAR RIVER 

POWER STATION AREA 


SPC Piezometer 
Number 


Completion 
Formation 


C525 


Empress 


C526 


Empress 


C527 


Empress 


C528 


Oxidized 


C539 


Empress 


C540 


Empress 


C737 


Empress 


C739 


Empress 


C740 


Empress 


C741 


Empress 


C743 


Empress 


C746 


Mottled Till 


C747 


Mottled Till 


C748 


Mottled Till 


C756 


Empress 



Water levels measured quarterly 



SPC Piezometer 
Number 


Completion 
Formation 


€739 


Empress 



Samples collected amiually 



A2-12 




A2-13 



GROUND-WATER PTF7,OMETER MONITORING— 
ASH LAGOON AREA-WATER LEVEL 


SPC Piezometer Number 


Completion Formation 


C529 


Empress 


C533 


Empress 


C534 


Oxidized Till 


C535 


Empress 


C536 


Empress 


C537 


Empress 


C538 


Empress 


C542 


Empress 


C653A 


Unoxidized Till 


C654 


Unoxidized Till 


C655A 


Unoxidized Till 


C655B 


Unoxidized Till 


C711 


Oxidized Till 


C712A 


Unoxidized Till 


C7I2B 


Intra Till Sand 


C712C 


Mottled Till 


C712D 


Oxidized Till 


C713 


Oxidized Till 


C714A 


Unoxidized Till 


C714B 


Mottled Till 


C714C 


Oxidized Till 


C714D 


Oxidized Till 


C714E 


Empress 


C715 


Oxidized Till 


C716 


Oxidized Till 


C717 


Oxidized Till 


C718 


Mottled Till 


C719 


Oxidized Till 


C720 


Oxidized Till 


C721 


Oxidized Till 


C722 


Oxidized Till 


C723 


Oxidized Till 



A2-14 



GROUND-WATER PTFZOMETER MONITORING— 
ASH LAGOON AREA-WATER LEVEL 


SPC Piezometer Number 


Completion Formation 


C724 


Mottled Till 


C725 


Oxidized Till 


C726A 


Oxidized Till 


C726B 


Mottled Till 


C726C 


Oxidized Till 


C726E 


Empress 


C727A 


Unoxidized Till 


C727B 


Mottled Till 


C727C 


Oxidized Till 


C728A 


Oxidized Till 


C728B 


Unoxidized Till 


C728C 


Mottled Till 


C728D 


Oxidized Till 


C728E 


Empress 


C731 


Empress 


C732 


Empress 


C734 


Empress 


C742 


Empress 


C745 


Oxidized Till 


C749 


Mottled Till 


C750 


Unoxidized Till 


C751 


Unoxidized Till 


C752 


Unoxidized Till 


C753 


Oxidized Till 


C757 


Unoxidized Till 


C758 


Intra Till Sand 


C763A 


Mottled Till 


C763B 


Oxidized Till 


C763C 


Mottled Till 


C763D 


Unoxidized Till 


C763E 


Empress 


C764B 


Mottled Till 



A2-15 



GROUND- WATER PTF7,0METER MONITORING— 
ASH LAGOON AREA-WATER LEVEL 


SPC Piezometer Number 


Completion Formation 


C764C 


Oxidized Till 


C764D 


Unoxidized Till 


C764E 


Empress 


C765A 


Empress 


C765C 


Oxidized Till 


C765D 


Oxidized Till 


C765E 


Mottled Till 


C766 


Intra Till Sand 


C766A 


Empress 


C767 


Intra Till Sand 


C767A 


Empress 


C767B 


Unoxidized Till 


C775A 


Oxidized Till 


C775C 


Unoxidized Till 


C776A 


Oxidized Till 


C776B 


Oxidized Till 


C867B 


Oxidized Till 


C867C 


Unoxidized Till 


C868B 


Oxidized Till 


C868C 


Unoxidized Till 


C869B 


Oxidized Till 


C869C 


Unoxidized Till 


C870E 


Empress 


C871B 


Oxidized Till 


C871C 


Unoxidized Till 


C872B 


Oxidized Till 


C872C 


Unoxidized Till 


C873E 


Empress 



Water levels measured quarterly 



A2-16 



Responsible Agency: SERM 



1 GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETER MONTTORING- 
ASH LAGOON AREA - WATER QUALITY 




SPC Piezometer Number 


Completion Formation 


C529 


Empress 


C532 


Empress 


C533 


Empress 


C534 


Oxidized Till 


C536 


Empress 


C538 


Empress 




C653A 


Unoxidized Till 


C655A 


Unoxidized Till 


C712A 


Unoxidized Till 


C712B 


Intra Till Sand 


C712C 


Mottled Till 


C712D 


Oxidized Till 


C713 


Oxidized Till 


C714A 


Unoxidized Till 




C714C 


Oxidized Till 1 


C714D 


Oxidized Till 




C714E 


Empress 


C715 


Oxidized Till 


C716 


Oxidized Till 


C718 


Mottled Till 


C719 


Oxidized Till 


C726A 


Oxidized Till 


C726C 


Oxidized Till 


C726E 


Empress 




C728A 


Oxidized Till 


C728B 


Unoxidized Till 


C728C 


Mottled Till 



A2-17 



GROUND- WATER PTF70METER MONTTORING- 
ASH LAGOON AREA - WATER QUALITY 


SPC Piezometer Number 


Completion Formation 


C728D 


Oxidized Till 


C728E 


Empress 


C731 


Empress 


C732 


Empress 


C734 


Empress 


C742 


Empress 


C745 


Oxidized Till 


C749 


Mottled Till 


C750 


Unoxidized Till 


C751 


Unoxidized Till 


C752 


Unoxidized Till 


C753 


Oxidized Till 


C757 


Unoxidized Till 


C758 


Intra Till Sand 


C763A 


Mottled Till 


C763B 


Oxidized Till 


C763D 


Unoxidized Till 


C763E 


Empress 


C766 


Intra Till Sand 


C767 


Intra Till Sand 


C767A 


Empress 


C775A 


Oxidized Till 


C775C 


Unoxidized Till 


C867B 


Oxidized Till 


C867C 


Unoxidized Till 


C868B 


Oxidized Till 


C868C 


Unoxidized Till 


C869B 


Oxidized Till 


C870E 


Empress 


C871B 


Oxidized Till 



A2-18 



GROUND-WATER PTF7,0METER MOhflTORING- 
ASH LAGOON AREA - WATER QUALITY 


SPC Piezometer Number 


Completion Formation 


C871C 


Unoxidized Till 


C872B 


Oxidized Till 


C872C 


Unoxidized Till 


C873E 


Empress 



Samples collected amiually 



A2-19 




A2-20 



PARAMETERS 



Responsible Agency: 


Saskatchewan Environment and Resource ManagementI Data Collected by: SaskPower 


ESQt ADAT* Code 


Parameter 


Analytical method 


Sampling Frequency Sution No.: 
Piezometers 


10101 


Alkalinity-lol 


Pot-Titration 


A 


13105 


Alumimnn-Diss 


AA-DiiBct 


3« 


33104 


Aisenk-Diss 


nameless AA 


A 


S6I04 


Barium-Diss 


AA-Direet 


A 


06201 


BicartMiutes 


Calculated 


A 


6106 


Boron-Diss 


Colourimetiy 


3** 


48102 


Cadmium- Diss 


AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) 


A 


20103 


Calcium-Diss 


AA-Direct 


A 


06301 


Cartionates 


Calculated 


A 


17203 


Chloride- Diss 


Colourimetry 


A 


24104 


Chromium- Diss 


AA-Diiecf 


A 


27102 


Cobah-Diss 


AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) 


A 


02011 


Colour 


Comparator 


A 


02041 


Conductivity 


Conductivity Meter 


3 


29105 


Copper-Diss 


AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) 


A 


09103 


Fluoride-Diss 


Specific Ion Electrode 


A 


26104 


Iron-Diss 


AA-Direcl 


A 


82103 


Lead- Diss 


AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) 


A 


12102 


Magnesium-Diss 


AA-Direct 


A 


25104 


Manganese-Diss 


AA-Dinct 


A 


80111 


Meicuiy-Diss 


Flameless AA 


A 


42102 
10301 


Molybdenum- Diss 
pH 


AA-Solvent Extract (N-Butyl 

acetate) 

Electrometric 


A 
3»» 


19103 


Potassium-Diss 


Flame Photometry 


A 


34105 


Selenium- Diss 


Hydride generation 


A 


14102 


Silica-Diss 


Colourimetry 


A 


11103 


Sodium- Diss 


Flame Photometry 


A 


38101 


Strontium- Diss 


AA-Direct 


3- 


16306 


Sulphate-Diss 


Colourimetry 


3- 


10451 


TDS 


Gravimetric 


3- 


92111 


Uianium-Diss 


Fluorometry 


3- 


23104 


Vanadium- Diss 


AA-Direct 


A 


97025 


Water Level 




4 


30105 


Zinc - Diss. 


AA-Solvent Extract (MIBK) 


A 



' Computer storage arvj retrieval system -Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management. No zinc or iron for 
Piezometers C531 to C538. SYMBOLS: AA-Atomic Absorption A Annually "Analyze annually for these Piezometers Nos. 
AA - solvent exract (MIBK) - sample acidified and extracted with Methyl Isobutyl Ketone. 4-4 times/year 3-3 times/year. 



A2-21 



Ambient Air-Quality Monitoring 



Responsible Agency: Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management 
Data Collected by: SaskPower 


No. On Map 


Location 


Parameters 


Reporting Frequency 


1 


Coronach (Discontinued) 


Sulphur Dioxide 


Continuous monitoring with hourly 
averages as summary statistics. 






Total Suspended 
Particulate 


24-hour samples on 6-day cycle, 
corresponding to the national air 
pollution surveillance sampling 
schedule. 


2 


International Boundary 


Sulphur Dioxide 


Continuous monitoring with hourly 
averages as summary statistics. 






Total Suspended 
Particulate 


24-hour samples on 6-day cycle, 
corresponding to the national air 
pollution surveillance sampling 
schedule. 


3 


PRPS Site* 


Wind Speed and 
Direction 


Continuous monitoring with hourly 
averages as summary statistics 


METHODS 1 


Sulphur Dioxide 


Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management 
Pulsed fluorescence 


Total Suspended Particulate 


Saskatchewan Environment and Resource Management 
High Volume Method 



*This station operated by SaskPower. The data is downloaded by Environment Canada. 



A2-22 




CANADA 
UNITED STATES 



5 10 15 KILOMETRES 
I 1 ^-1 U 



AMBIENT AIR-QUALITY MONITORING (CANADA) 



A2-23 



POPLAR RIVER 



COOPERATIVE MONITORING ARRANGEMENT 



TECHNICAL MONITORING SCHEDULES 

2000 

UNITED STATES 



A2-24 



STREAMFLOW MONITORING 



Responsible Agency: U.S. Geological Survey 1 


No. on Map 


Station Number 


Station Name 


1* 


06178000 (11 AE008) 


Poplar River at International Boundary 


2* 


06178500 (11 AE003) 


East Poplar River at International 
Boundary 



International Gauging Station 



A2-25 













— - ••■■■ - •-■■-■ ■■■•■ ■■ ■-■ , ■ 






,,„„- .' ■ . ,' - 


,.,„„., .. -... , , .-,.,■'...- 






\ 


' ■ " /J 






\ 


x^ Fife yy \ 


V "0 




\_ 


Rockglen ^ ^ ^~\^^ 


\ 




• V 


\l ^^^^^^^ ^^^ 


Coronach 1 




\ 


A^A X X 


\^^ / Cookson \ 
\\j\ Reservoir ) 




CANADA X^^ 


^^\^^^ \ 


\2 
{\ .J 


"^~*"^ 


UNITED STATES 


^'\Coa\ e^V-^ \ 






^^X,__^-.,eoWe 








\\ Scobey 


i 


i 
II 

5 10 15 KILOMETRES 

1 1 1 1 






5 10 MILES 


,. . , .,^., 


HYDROMETRIC GAUGING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) 





A2-26 



SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING - Station Location 



Responsible Agency: U.S. Geological Survey | 


No. On Map 


uses Station No. 


STATION NAME 


1 


06178000 


Poplar River at International Boundary 


2 


06178500 


East Poplar River at International Boundary 






PARAMETERS 






Annual Sampling Frequency | 


Analytical 
Code 


Parameter 


Analytical Method 


Sitel 


Site 2 


29801 


Alkalinity - lab 


Elect. Titration 


5 


6 


01106 


Aluminum - diss 


ICP 


2 


2 


00608 


Ammonia - diss 


Colorimetric 


5 


6 


00625 


Ammonia +Org N-tot 


Colorimetric 


5 


6 


01000 


Arsenic - diss 


AA, hydride 


2 


2 


01002 


Arsenic - tot 


AA, hydride 


I 


1 


01010 


Beryllium - diss 


AA,name . 


2 


2 


01012 


Beryllium - tot/rec 


AA, flame 


1 


1 


01020 


Boron - diss 


ICP 


5 


6 


01025 


Cadmium - diss 


AA,CT 


2 


2 


01027 


Cadmium - tot/rec 


AA, GF - Persulftte 


1 


2 


00915 


Calcium - diss 


AA, flame 


5 


6 


00680 


Carbon - tot Org 


Wet Oxidation 


1 


1 


00940 


Chloride - diss 


IC 


5 


6 


01030 


Chromium - diss 


AA,GF 


2 


2 


01034 


Chromium - tot/rec 


/^GF 


1 


2 


00080 


Color 


Electrometric, visual 


5 


6 


00095 


Conductivity 


Wheatstone Bridge 


5 


C 


01040 


Copper - diss 


AA, GF 


2 


2 


01042 


Copper - tot/rec 


AA, GF - Persulfate 


1 


2 


00061 


Discharge - inst 


Direct measurement 


5 


6 


00950 


Fluoride - diss 


Colormetric, ISE 


5 


6 


01046 


Iron - diss 


AA, flame 


5 


6 


01045 


Iron - tot/rec 


AA, flame 


1 


2 


01049 


Lead - diss 


AA,GF 


2 


2 


01051 


Lead - tot/rec 


AA, GF - Persul&te 


1 


2 


00925 


Magnesium - diss 


AA, flame 


5 


2 


01056 


Manganese - diss 


AA, flame 


2 


2 


01055 


Manganese - tot/rec 


AA, flame 


1 


2 


01065 


Nickel -diss 


AA,GF 


2 


2 


01067 


Nickel - tot/rec 


AA, GF - Persulftte 


1 


2 


00613 


Nitrite - diss 


Colorimetric 


5 


6 


00631 


Nitrate + Ninite - diss 


Colorimetric 


5 


6 


00300 


Oxygen-diss 


Oxygen membrane 


5 


6 


00400 


pH 


Electrometric 


5 


6 


00671 


Phos, Ortho-diss 


Colorimetric 


5 


6 


00665 


Phosphorous - tot 


Colorimetric 


5 


6 


00935 


Potassium - diss 


AA, flame 


5 


6 


00931 


SAR 


Calculated 


5 


6 


80154 


Sediment - cone. 


Filtration-Gravimetric 


5 


6 


80155 


Sediment - load 


Calculated 


5 


6 


01145 


Selenium • diss 


AA, hydride 


2 


2 


01147 


Selenium tot 


AA, hydride 


1 


1 


00955 


Silica -diss 


Colorimenic 


5 


6 


00930 


Sodium - diss 


AA, flame 


5 


6 


00945 


Sulphate - diss 


IC 


5 


6 


70301 


Total Dissolved Solids 


Calculated 


5 


6 


00010 


Temp Water 


Stem Thermometer 


5 


6 


00020 


Temp Air 


Stem Thermometer 


5 


6 


00076 


Turbidity 


Nephelometric 


5 


6 


22703 


Uranium - diss 


LIP 




MC 


01090 


Zinc - diss 


AA, flame 


2 


2 


01092 


Zinc - tot/rec 


AA, flame 


1 


2 



Abbreviations: C - continuous; MC - monthly composite; GF - graphite furnace; AA - atomic absorption; tot/rec - total recoverable; diss - 
dissolved; AE - atomic emission; ICP - inductively coupled plasma; IC - ion exchange chromatography; LIP - Laser Induced 
Phosphorescence; Org - organic 



A2-27 



...'»• .. 




5 10 15 KILOMETRES 

n ^ ^ 

5 10 MILES 



SURFACE-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS (UNITED STATES) 



A2-28 



GROUND-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING - Station Locations 



Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology 




Map 
Number 


WeU 
Location 


Total Depth (a) 
(m) 


Casing 
Diameter 

(cm) 


Aquifer 


Perforation Zone 
(m) 


7 


37N47E12BBBB 


44.1 


10.2 


Hart Coal 


39-44 


16 


37N46E3ABAB 


25.5 


10.2 


Fort Union 


23-25 


24 


37N48E5AB 


9.6 


10.2 


Alluvium 


9.2-9.6 


Parameters | 


Storet 










** 


Parameter 


Analytical Method 


Sampling Frequency Station No. 




Code 










00440 


Bicarbonates 


Electrometric Titration 


Sample collection is annually for 




01020 


Boron-diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 


all locations identified above. 




00915 


Calcium 


Emission Plasma 






00445 


Cartwnates 


Electrometric Titration 


The analytical method descriptions 




00940 


Chloride 


Ion Chromatography 


are those of the Montana Bureau of 




00095 


Conductivity 


Wheatstone Bridge 


Mines and Geology Laboratory where 




01040 


Copper-diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 


the samples are analysed. 




00950 


Fluoride 


Ion Chromatography 






01046 


Irondiss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






01049 


Lead -diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






01130 


Lithium-diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






00925 


Magnesium 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






01056 


Manganese-diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






01060 


Molybdenum 


Emission Plasma, ICP-MS 






00630 


Nitrate 


Ion Chromatography 






00400 


pH 


Electrometric 






00935 


Potassium 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






01145 


Selenium-diss 


ICP-MS 






00955 


Silica 


Emission Plasma, ICP-MS 






00930 


Sodium 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






01080 


Strontium-diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






00445 


Sulphate 


Ion Chromatography 






00190 


Zinc -diss 


Emission Plasma, ICP 






70301 


TDS 


Calculated 







SYMBOLS: 

•* - Computer storage and retrieval system - EPA 

ICP - MS - Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry 



ICP - Inductively Coupled Plasma Unit 



A2-29 




CANADA 
UNITED STATES 



Scobey 



5 10 15 KILOMETRES 
I ' r-" h 



GROUND-WATER-QUALITY MONITORING (UNITED STATES) 



A2-30 



GROUND-WATER LEVELS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL 
DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL-SEAM DEWATERING 



Responsible Agency: Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology | 


No. on Map 


Sampling 


5,6,7,8,9,10,11,13,16,17,19,22,23,24 


Determine water levels quarterly 



A2-31 




10 15 KILOMETRES 



GROUND-WATER PIEZOMETERS TO MONITOR POTENTIAL 
DRAWDOWN DUE TO COAL-SEAM DEWATERING 



A2-32 



ANNEX 3 

RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT 

IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN 

BY THE INTERNATIONAL SOURIS-RED RIVERS ENGINEERING BOARD, 

POPLAR RIVER TASK FORCE ( 1 976) 



A3-1 



♦RECOMMENDED FLOW APPORTIONMENT 
IN THE POPLAR RIVER BASIN 

The aggregate natural flow of all streams and tributaries in the Poplar River Basin 
crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally between Canada and the 
United States subject to the following conditions: 



The total natural flow of the West Fork Poplar River and all its tributaries 
crossing the International Boimdary shall be divided equally between Canada 
and the United States but the flow at the International Boundary in each 
tributary shall not be depleted by more than 60 percent of its natural flow. 

The total natural flow of all remaining streams and tributaries in the Poplar 
River Basin crossing the International Boundary shall be divided equally 
between Canada and the United States. Specific conditions of this division are 
as follows: 

(a) Canada shall deliver to the United States a minimum of 60 percent of 
the natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River at the International 
Boimdary, as determined below the confluence of Goose Creek and 
Middle Fork. 

(b) The delivery of water from Canada to the United States on the East 
Poplar River shall be determined on or about the first day of June of 
each year as follows: 

(i) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as 
determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the 
immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period does not 
exceed 4,690 cubic decameters (3,800 acre-feet), then a 
continuous minimum flow of 0.028 cubic metres per second 
(1.0 cubic foot per second) shall be delivered to the United 
States on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary 
throughout the succeeding 12 month period commencing June 
1st. In addition, a volume of 370 cubic decameters (300 acre- 
feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand at any 
time during the 12 month period commencing June 1st. 

(ii) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as 
determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the 
immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period is greater 
than 4,690 cubic decameters (3,800 acre- feet), but does not 
exceed 9,250 cubic decameters (7,500 acre-feet), 

Canada-United States, 1976, Joint studies for flow apportionment. Poplar River Basin, Montana-Saskatchewan: Main 
Rq>ort, International Souris-Red Rivers Board, Poplar River Task Force, 43 pp. 



A3-2 



then a continuous minimum flow of 0.057 cubic metres per second 
(2.0 cubic feet per second) shall be delivered to the United States 
on the East Poplar River at the International Boundary during the 
succeeding period June 1st through August 31st. A minimum 
delivery of 0.028 cubic metres per second (1.0 cubic feet per 
second) shall then be maintained from September 1st through to 
May 3 1 St of the following year. In addition, a volume of 6 1 7 cubic 
decameters (500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States 
upon demand at any time during the 12-month period commencing 
June 1st. 



(iii) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar River, as 

determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the 
immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period is greater 
than 9,250 cubic decameters (7,500 acre-feet), but does not exceed 
14,800 cubic decameters (12,000 acre-feet), then a continuous 
minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per 
second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar 
River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period 
Jime 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic 
metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be 
maintained from September 1st through to May 31st of the 
following year. In addition, a volume of 617 cubic decameters 
(500 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon demand 
at any time during the 12 month period commencing Jime 1st. 

(iv) When the total natural flow of the Middle Fork Poplar, as 

determined below the confluence of Goose Creek, during the 
immediately preceding March 1st to May 31st period exceeds 
14,800 cubic decameters (12,000 acre-feet) then a continuous 
minimum flow of 0.085 cubic metres per second (3.0 cubic feet per 
second) shall be delivered to the United States on the East Poplar 
River at the International Boundary during the succeeding period 
June 1st through August 31st. A minimum delivery of 0.057 cubic 
metres per second (2.0 cubic feet per second) shall then be 
maintained from September 1st through to May 31st of the 
following year. In addition, a volume of 1,230 cubic decameters 
(1,000 acre-feet) shall be delivered to the United States upon 
demand at any time during the 12-month period commencing Jime 
1st. 

(c) The natural flow at the International Boimdary in each of the 

remaining individual tributaries shall not be depleted by more than 
60 percent of its natural flow. 



A3-3 



The natural flow and division periods for apportionment purposes shall be 
determined, unless otherwise specified, for periods of time commensurate with 
the uses and requirements of both coimtries. 



A3-4 



ANNEX 4 



METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS 



A4-1 







METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS 


Ac 


= 


4,047 m' = 0.04047 ha 


ac-ft 


= 


1,233.5 m- = 1.2335 dam' 


C 


= 


5/9(F''-32) 


cm 


= 


0.3937 in. 


cm^ 


= 


0.155 in^ 


dam 


= 


1,000 m' = 0.8107 ac-ft 


ft-' 


= 


28.3171 X lOV 


ha 


= 


10,000 m^ = 2.471 ac 


hm 


= 


100 m = 328.08 ft 


hm' 


= 


lxl0*m' 


I.gpm 


= 


0.0758 L/s 


in 


= 


2.54 cm 


kg 


= 


2.20462 lb= 1.1x10' tons 


km 


= 


0.62137 miles 


km^ 


= 


0.3861 mi^ 


L 


= 


0.3532 ft' = 0.21997 I. gal = 0.26420 U.S. gal 


L/s 


= 


0.035 cfs = 13.193 I.gpm = 15.848 U.S. gpm 


m 


= 


3.2808 ft 


m^ 


= 


10.765 ft^ 


m' 


= 


1,000 L = 35.3144 ft' = 219.97 I. gal= 264.2 U.S. g 


raVs 


= 


35.314 cfs 


mm 


= 


0.00328 ft 


tonne 


= 


1,000 kg = 1.1023 ton (short) 


U.S. gpm 


= 


0.0631 L/s 


For Air Sai 


tnples 





ppm = 100 pphm = 1000 x (Molecular Weight of substance/24.45) mg/m' 



A4-2