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[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 482 Reported in Senate (RS)]

<DOC>

                                                       Calendar No. 389
116th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 482

    To strengthen the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, to combat 
   international cybercrime, and to impose additional sanctions with 
       respect to the Russian Federation, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           February 13, 2019

  Mr. Graham (for himself, Mr. Menendez, Mr. Gardner, Mr. Cardin, and 
 Mrs. Shaheen) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

                           December 18, 2019

                Reported by Mr. Risch, with an amendment
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
    To strengthen the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, to combat 
   international cybercrime, and to impose additional sanctions with 
       respect to the Russian Federation, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Defending 
American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
is as follows:</DELETED>

<DELETED>Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
<DELETED>Sec. 2. Sense of Congress.
<DELETED>Sec. 3. Statement of policy on Crimea.
      <DELETED>TITLE I--MATTERS RELATING TO NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY 
                              ORGANIZATION

 <DELETED>Subtitle A--Opposition of the Senate to Withdrawal From NATO

<DELETED>Sec. 101. Opposition of the Senate to withdrawal from North 
                            Atlantic Treaty.
<DELETED>Sec. 102. Limitation on use of funds.
<DELETED>Sec. 103. Authorization for Senate Legal Counsel to represent 
                            Senate in opposition to withdrawal from the 
                            North Atlantic Treaty.
<DELETED>Sec. 104. Reporting requirement.
          <DELETED>Subtitle B--Strengthening the NATO Alliance

<DELETED>Sec. 111. Report on NATO alliance resilience and United States 
                            diplomatic posture.
<DELETED>Sec. 112. Expedited NATO excess defense articles transfer 
                            program.
<DELETED>Sec. 113. Definitions.
     <DELETED>TITLE II--MATTERS RELATING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

          <DELETED>Subtitle A--Public Diplomacy Modernization

<DELETED>Sec. 201. Avoiding duplication of programs and efforts.
<DELETED>Sec. 202. Improving research and evaluation of public 
                            diplomacy.
                   <DELETED>Subtitle B--Other Matters

<DELETED>Sec. 211. Department of State responsibilities with respect to 
                            cyberspace policy.
<DELETED>Sec. 212. Enhanced hiring authority for Department of State.
<DELETED>Sec. 213. Sense of Congress.
         <DELETED>TITLE III--CHEMICAL WEAPONS NONPROLIFERATION

<DELETED>Sec. 301. Short title.
<DELETED>Sec. 302. Findings.
<DELETED>Sec. 303. Statement of policy.
<DELETED>Sec. 304. Report on sanctions relating to use of chemical 
                            weapons by the Russian Federation.
<DELETED>Sec. 305. Report on production and use of chemical and 
                            biological weapons by the Russian 
                            Federation.
<DELETED>Sec. 306. Authorization of appropriations.
<DELETED>Sec. 307. Chemical Weapons Convention defined.
       <DELETED>TITLE IV--INTERNATIONAL CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT

<DELETED>Sec. 401. Short title.
<DELETED>Sec. 402. Predicate offenses.
<DELETED>Sec. 403. Forfeiture.
<DELETED>Sec. 404. Shutting down botnets.
<DELETED>Sec. 405. Aggravated damage to a critical infrastructure 
                            computer.
<DELETED>Sec. 406. Stopping trafficking in botnets; forfeiture.
           <DELETED>TITLE V--COMBATING ELECTION INTERFERENCE

<DELETED>Sec. 501. Prohibition on interference with voting systems.
<DELETED>Sec. 502. Inadmissibility of aliens seeking to interfere in 
                            United States elections.
  <DELETED>TITLE VI--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

  <DELETED>Subtitle A--Expansion of Countering America's Adversaries 
                         Through Sanctions Act

<DELETED>Sec. 601. Sense of Congress on role of sanctions.
<DELETED>Sec. 602. Sanctions related to interference of the Russian 
                            Federation with democratic processes and 
                            elections.
<DELETED>Sec. 603. Sanctions relating to the actions of the Russian 
                            Federation with respect to Ukraine.
<DELETED>Sec. 604. Conforming and technical amendments.
<DELETED>Sec. 605. Congressional review and continued applicability of 
                            sanctions under the Sergei Magnitsky Rule 
                            of Law Accountability Act of 2012.
       <DELETED>Subtitle B--Coordination With the European Union

<DELETED>Sec. 611. Sense of Congress on coordination with allies with 
                            respect to sanctions with respect to the 
                            Russian Federation.
<DELETED>Sec. 612. Office of Sanctions Coordination of the Department 
                            of State.
<DELETED>Sec. 613. Report on coordination of sanctions between the 
                            United States and European Union.
<DELETED>Subtitle C--Reports Relating to Sanctions With Respect to the 
                           Russian Federation

<DELETED>Sec. 621. Definitions.
<DELETED>Sec. 622. Updated report on oligarchs and parastatal entities 
                            of the Russian Federation.
<DELETED>Sec. 623. Report on section 224 of the Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
<DELETED>Sec. 624. Report on section 225 of the Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
<DELETED>Sec. 625. Report on section 226 of the Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
<DELETED>Sec. 626. Report on section 228 of the Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
<DELETED>Sec. 627. Report on section 233 of the Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
<DELETED>Sec. 628. Report on section 234 of the Countering America's 
                            Adversaries Through Sanctions Act.
                <DELETED>Subtitle D--General Provisions

<DELETED>Sec. 641. Exception relating to activities of the National 
                            Aeronautics and Space Administration.
<DELETED>Sec. 642. Rule of construction.
  <DELETED>TITLE VII--OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

<DELETED>Sec. 701. Determination on designation of the Russian 
                            Federation as a state sponsor of terrorism.
<DELETED>Sec. 702. Expansion of geographic targeting orders of 
                            Financial Crimes Enforcement Network.
<DELETED>Sec. 703. Extension of limitations on importation of uranium 
                            from Russian Federation.
<DELETED>Sec. 704. Establishment of a National Fusion Center to respond 
                            to threats from the Government of the 
                            Russian Federation.
<DELETED>Sec. 705. Countering Russian Influence Fund.
<DELETED>Sec. 706. Coordinating aid and assistance across Europe and 
                            Eurasia.
<DELETED>Sec. 707. Addressing abuse and misuse by the Russian 
                            Federation of INTERPOL red notices and red 
                            diffusions.
<DELETED>Sec. 708. Report on accountability for war crimes and crimes 
                            against humanity by the Russian Federation 
                            in Syria.
<DELETED>Sec. 709. Report on activities of the Russian Federation in 
                            Syria.
<DELETED>Sec. 710. Report on the assassination of Boris Nemtsov.
<DELETED>Sec. 711. Report on the personal net worth and assets of 
                            Vladimir Putin.
<DELETED>Sec. 712. Sense of Congress on responsibility of technology 
                            companies for state-sponsored 
                            disinformation.

<DELETED>SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the President should immediately marshal and 
        support a whole-of-government response by Federal agencies to 
        address the threat posed by the Government of the Russian 
        Federation and to work to prevent interference by that 
        Government and other foreign state actors in United States 
        institutions and democratic processes;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the President should publicly call for the 
        Government of the Russian Federation to return Crimea to the 
        control of the Government of Ukraine, end its support for 
        Russian-led forces violence in eastern Ukraine, end its 
        occupation of and support for Russian-led forces on the 
        territory of Georgia and Moldova, and cease enabling the brutal 
        regime of Bashar al-Assad in Syria to commit war 
        crimes;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the Russian Federation should--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) immediately release the Ukrainian 
                sailors that were detained following an attack by 
                Russian forces on Ukrainian vessels in the Kerch 
                Strait; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) abide by its commitments to freedom of 
                navigation in international waters and allow for 
                passage of Ukrainian vessels through the 
                strait;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) the President should unequivocally condemn and 
        counter the ongoing interference in United States institutions 
        and democratic processes by the President of the Russian 
        Federation, Vladimir Putin, his government, and affiliates of 
        his government;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the conclusion of the United States 
        intelligence community and law enforcement agencies and other 
        United States Government officials that the Russian Federation 
        has perpetrated, and continues to perpetrate, such 
        interference, is correct;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the United States should continue to 
        participate actively as a member of the North Atlantic Treaty 
        Organization by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) upholding the Organization's core 
                principles of collective defense, democratic rule of 
                law, and peaceful settlement of disputes;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) boosting coordination and deterrence 
                capacity among member countries; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) supporting accession processes of 
                prospective member countries who meet the obligations 
                of membership;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) Congress reiterates its strong support for the 
        Russia Sanctions Review Act of 2017 (22 U.S.C. 9511), which 
        allows for congressional review of an action to waive the 
        application of sanctions under the provisions of the Countering 
        America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 
        131 Stat. 886) relating to the Russian Federation or a 
        licensing action that significantly alters United States 
        foreign policy with regard to the Russian Federation; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian 
        Federation have been most effective when developed and 
        coordinated in close consultation with the European 
        Union.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON CRIMEA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the policy of the United States that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the United States will never recognize the 
        illegal attempted annexation of Crimea by the Russian 
        Federation, similar to the 1940 Welles Declaration in which the 
        United States refused to recognize the Soviet annexation of the 
        Baltic States;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Crimea is part of the sovereign territory of 
        Ukraine;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Crimea is part of Ukraine and the United 
        States rejects attempts to change the status, demographics, or 
        political nature of Crimea;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) the United States reaffirms its unwavering 
        support for democracy, human rights, and the rule of law for 
        all individuals in Crimea, including non-Russian ethnic groups 
        and religious minorities;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the United States condemns all human rights 
        violations against individuals in Crimea, and underscores the 
        culpability of the Government of the Russian Federation for 
        such violations while the territory of Crimea is under illegal 
        Russian occupation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the United States, in coordination with the 
        European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and 
        members of the international community, should prioritize 
        efforts to prevent the further consolidation of illegal 
        occupying powers in Crimea, reaffirm unified opposition to the 
        actions of the Russian Federation in Crimea, and secure the 
        human rights of individuals there; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) the United States welcomes the sanctions that 
        have been imposed and maintained as of the date of the 
        enactment of this Act by the United States and the European 
        Union against persons engaged in furthering the illegal 
        occupation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.</DELETED>

      <DELETED>TITLE I--MATTERS RELATING TO NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY 
                         ORGANIZATION</DELETED>

   <DELETED>Subtitle A--Opposition of the Senate to Withdrawal From 
                             NATO</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 101. OPPOSITION OF THE SENATE TO WITHDRAWAL FROM NORTH 
              ATLANTIC TREATY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The Senate opposes any effort to withdraw the United 
States from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at Washington, DC, April 4, 
1949.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 102. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    No funds authorized or appropriated by any Act may be used 
to support, directly or indirectly, any efforts on the part of any 
United States Government official to take steps to withdraw the United 
States from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at Washington, DC, April 4, 
1949, until such time as the Senate passes, by an affirmative vote of 
two-thirds of Members, a resolution advising and consenting to the 
withdrawal of the United States from the treaty.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 103. AUTHORIZATION FOR SENATE LEGAL COUNSEL TO REPRESENT 
              SENATE IN OPPOSITION TO WITHDRAWAL FROM THE NORTH 
              ATLANTIC TREATY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The Senate Legal Counsel is authorized to represent the 
Senate in initiating or intervening in any judicial proceedings in any 
Federal court of competent jurisdiction, on behalf of the Senate, in 
order to oppose any withdrawal of the United States from the North 
Atlantic Treaty in the absence of the passage by the Senate of a 
resolution described in section 102.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 104. REPORTING REQUIREMENT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The Senate Legal Counsel shall report as soon as 
practicable to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate with 
respect to any judicial proceedings which the Senate Legal Counsel 
initiates or in which it intervenes pursuant to this title.</DELETED>

     <DELETED>Subtitle B--Strengthening the NATO Alliance</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 111. REPORT ON NATO ALLIANCE RESILIENCE AND UNITED STATES 
              DIPLOMATIC POSTURE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary 
of State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall submit a 
report to the appropriate congressional committees providing an 
assessment of the threats and challenges facing the NATO alliance and 
United States diplomatic posture.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) 
shall include the following elements:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) A review of current and emerging United States 
        national security interests in the NATO area of 
        responsibility.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) A review of current United States political 
        and diplomatic engagement and political-military coordination 
        with NATO and NATO member states.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Options for the realignment of United States 
        engagement with NATO to respond to new threats and challenges 
        presented by the Government of the Russian Federation to the 
        NATO alliance, as well as new opportunities presented by allies 
        and partners.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) The views of counterpart governments, 
        including heads of state, heads of government, political 
        leaders, and military commanders in the region.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 112. EXPEDITED NATO EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES TRANSFER 
              PROGRAM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with 
the Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report with recommendations regarding the need for and 
suitability of transferring excess defense articles under this section 
to countries in the NATO alliance, with particular emphasis on the 
foreign policy benefits as it pertains to those member states currently 
purchasing defense articles or services from the Russian 
Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Period for Review by Congress of Recommendations for 
EDA Transfer to NATO Members.--During the 30-calendar-day period 
following submission by the Secretary of Defense of the report required 
under subsection (a), the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 
shall, as appropriate, hold hearings and briefings and otherwise obtain 
information in order to fully review the recommendations included in 
the report.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Transfer Authority.--The President is authorized to 
transfer such excess defense articles in a fiscal year as the Secretary 
of Defense recommends pursuant to this section to countries for which 
receipt of such articles was justified pursuant to the annual 
congressional presentation documents for military assistance programs, 
or for which receipt of such articles was separately justified to 
Congress, for such fiscal year.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Limitations on Transfers.--The President may transfer 
excess defense articles under this section only if--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) such articles are drawn from existing stocks 
        of the Department of Defense;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) funds available to the Department of Defense 
        for the procurement of defense equipment are not expended in 
        connection with the transfer;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the President determines that the transfer of 
        such articles will not have an adverse impact on the military 
        readiness of the United States;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) with respect to a proposed transfer of such 
        articles on a grant basis, the President determines that the 
        transfer is preferable to a transfer on a sales basis, after 
        taking into account the potential proceeds from, and likelihood 
        of, such sales, and the comparative foreign policy benefits 
        that may accrue to the United States as the result of a 
        transfer on either a grant or sales basis; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the President determines that the transfer of 
        such articles will not have an adverse impact on the national 
        technology and industrial base and, particularly, will not 
        reduce the opportunities of entities in the national technology 
        and industrial base to sell new or used equipment to the 
        countries to which such articles are transferred.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Terms of Transfers.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) No cost to recipient country.--Excess defense 
        articles may be transferred under this section without cost to 
        the recipient country.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Priority.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
        of law, the delivery of excess defense articles under this 
        section to member countries of NATO that still purchase defense 
        goods and services from the Russian Federation and pledge to 
        decrease such purchases shall be given priority to the maximum 
        extent feasible over the delivery of such excess defense 
        articles to other countries.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Transportation and related costs.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--Except as provided in 
                subparagraph (B), funds available to the Department of 
                Defense may not be expended for crating, packing, 
                handling, and transportation of excess defense articles 
                transferred under the authority of this 
                section.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Exception.--The President may provide 
                for the transportation of excess defense articles 
                without charge to a country for the costs of such 
                transportation if--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) it is determined that it is in 
                        the national interest of the United States to 
                        do so;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the recipient is a NATO 
                        member state currently purchasing defense goods 
                        and services from the Russian Federation that 
                        has pledged to reduce such purchases;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) the total weight of the 
                        transfer does not exceed 50,000 pounds; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) such transportation is 
                        accomplished on a space available 
                        basis.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 113. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this subtitle:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The 
        term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
                the Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the Senate; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
                Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the House of 
                Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) NATO.--The term ``NATO'' means the North 
        Atlantic Treaty Organization.</DELETED>

       <DELETED>TITLE II--MATTERS RELATING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF 
                            STATE</DELETED>

     <DELETED>Subtitle A--Public Diplomacy Modernization</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 201. AVOIDING DUPLICATION OF PROGRAMS AND 
              EFFORTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    The Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public 
Affairs of the Department of State shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) identify opportunities for greater efficiency 
        of operations, including through improved coordination of 
        efforts across public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the 
        Department; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) maximize shared use of resources between, and 
        within, such public diplomacy bureaus and offices in cases in 
        which programs, facilities, or administrative functions are 
        duplicative or substantially overlapping.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 202. IMPROVING RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF PUBLIC 
              DIPLOMACY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State shall--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) conduct regular research and evaluation of 
        public diplomacy programs and activities of the Department, 
        including through the routine use of audience research, digital 
        analytics, and impact evaluations, to plan and execute such 
        programs and activities; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) make the findings of the research and 
        evaluations conducted under paragraph (1) available to 
        Congress.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Director of Research and Evaluation.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appointment.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall appoint 
        a Director of Research and Evaluation in the Office of Policy, 
        Planning, and Resources for the Under Secretary for Public 
        Diplomacy and Public Affairs.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Limitation on appointment.--The appointment of 
        a Director of Research and Evaluation pursuant to paragraph (1) 
        shall not result in an increase in the overall full-time 
        equivalent positions within the Department.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Responsibilities.--The Director of Research 
        and Evaluation shall--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) coordinate and oversee the research 
                and evaluation of public diplomacy programs of the 
                Department of State--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) to improve public diplomacy 
                        strategies and tactics; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) to ensure that programs are 
                        increasing the knowledge, understanding, and 
                        trust of the United States among relevant 
                        target audiences;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) report to the Director of Policy and 
                Planning in the Office of Policy, Planning, and 
                Resources under the Under Secretary for Public 
                Diplomacy and Public Affairs of the 
                Department;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) routinely organize and oversee 
                audience research, digital analytics, and impact 
                evaluations across all public diplomacy bureaus and 
                offices of the Department;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) support embassy public affairs 
                sections;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) share appropriate public diplomacy 
                research and evaluation information within the 
                Department and with other Federal departments and 
                agencies;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) regularly design and coordinate 
                standardized research questions, methodologies, and 
                procedures to ensure that public diplomacy activities 
                across all public diplomacy bureaus and offices are 
                designed to meet appropriate foreign policy objectives; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (G) report biannually to the United States 
                Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy, through the 
                Commission's Subcommittee on Research and Evaluation 
                established pursuant to subsection (f), regarding the 
                research and evaluation of all public diplomacy bureaus 
                and offices of the Department.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Guidance and training.--Not later than one 
        year after the appointment of the Director of Research and 
        Evaluation pursuant to paragraph (1), the Director shall create 
        guidance and training for all public diplomacy officers 
        regarding the reading and interpretation of public diplomacy 
        program evaluation findings to ensure that such findings and 
        lessons learned are implemented in the planning and evaluation 
        of all public diplomacy programs and activities throughout the 
        Department.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Prioritizing Research and Evaluation.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Director of Policy, Planning, 
        and Resources shall ensure that research and evaluation, as 
        coordinated and overseen by the Director of Research and 
        Evaluation, supports strategic planning and resource allocation 
        across all public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the 
        Department.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Allocation of resources.--Amounts allocated 
        for the purposes of research and evaluation of public diplomacy 
        programs and activities pursuant to subsection (a) shall be 
        made available to be disbursed at the direction of the Director 
        of Research and Evaluation among the research and evaluation 
        staff across all public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the 
        Department.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of 
        Congress that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Under Secretary for Public 
                Diplomacy and Public Affairs of the Department of State 
                should coordinate the human and financial resources 
                that support the Department's public diplomacy and 
                public affairs programs and activities;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) proposals or plans related to resource 
                allocations for public diplomacy bureaus and offices 
                should be routed through the Office of the Under 
                Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs for 
                review and clearance; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) the Department should allocate, for 
                the purposes of research and evaluation of public 
                diplomacy activities and programs pursuant to 
                subsection (a)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) 3 to 5 percent of program 
                        funds made available under the heading 
                        ``Educational and Cultural Exchange Programs''; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) 3 to 5 percent of program 
                        funds allocated for public diplomacy programs 
                        under the heading ``Diplomatic and Consular 
                        Programs''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Limited Exemption.--Chapter 35 of title 44, United 
States Code (commonly known as the ``Paperwork Reduction Act'') shall 
not apply to collections of information directed at foreign individuals 
conducted by, or on behalf of, the Department of State for the purpose 
of audience research, monitoring, and evaluations, and in connection 
with the Department's activities conducted pursuant to the United 
States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 (22 U.S.C. 1431 
et seq.), the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2451 et seq.), section 1287 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 
2656 note), or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et 
seq.).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Limited Exemption to the Privacy Act.--The Department 
shall maintain, collect, use, and disseminate records (as such term is 
defined in section 552a(a)(4) of title 5, United States Code) for 
research and data analysis of public diplomacy efforts intended for 
foreign audiences. Such research and data analysis shall be reasonably 
tailored to meet the purposes of this subsection and shall be carried 
out with due regard for privacy and civil liberties guidance and 
oversight.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Subcommittee for research and evaluation.--The 
        Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy shall establish a 
        Subcommittee for Research and Evaluation to monitor and advise 
        on the research and evaluation activities of the Department and 
        the United States Agency for Global Media.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Report.--The Subcommittee for Research and 
        Evaluation established pursuant to paragraph (1) shall submit 
        an annual report to Congress in conjunction with the Commission 
        on Public Diplomacy's Comprehensive Annual Report on the 
        performance of the Department and the United States Agency for 
        Global Media in carrying out research and evaluations of their 
        respective public diplomacy programming.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Repeal of sunset.--Section 1334 of the Foreign 
        Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6553) 
        is hereby repealed.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (g) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Audience research.--The term ``audience 
        research'' means research conducted at the outset of a public 
        diplomacy program or campaign planning and design on specific 
        audience segments to understand the attitudes, interests, 
        knowledge, and behaviors of such audience segments.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Digital analytics.--The term ``digital 
        analytics'' means the analysis of qualitative and quantitative 
        data, accumulated in digital format, to indicate the outputs 
        and outcomes of a public diplomacy program or 
        campaign.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Impact evaluation.--The term ``impact 
        evaluation'' means an assessment of the changes in the audience 
        targeted by a public diplomacy program or campaign that can be 
        attributed to such program or campaign.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Public diplomacy bureaus and offices.--The 
        term ``public diplomacy bureaus and offices'' means the Bureau 
        of Educational and Cultural Affairs, the Bureau of Public 
        Affairs, the Bureau of International Information Programs, the 
        Office of Policy, Planning, and Resources, the Global 
        Engagement Center, and the public diplomacy functions within 
        the regional and functional bureaus.</DELETED>

              <DELETED>Subtitle B--Other Matters</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 211. DEPARTMENT OF STATE RESPONSIBILITIES WITH RESPECT TO 
              CYBERSPACE POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Office of Cyberspace and the Digital Economy.--Section 
1 of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 
2651a) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection 
        (h); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the 
        following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(g) Office of Cyberspace and the Digital Economy.--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--There is established, within 
        the Department of State, an Office of Cyberspace and the 
        Digital Economy (referred to in this subsection as the 
        `Office'). The head of the Office shall have the rank and 
        status of ambassador and shall be appointed by the President, 
        by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Duties.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) In general.--The head of the Office 
                shall perform such duties and exercise such powers as 
                the Secretary of State shall prescribe, including 
                implementing the United States international cyberspace 
                policy strategy issued by the Department of State in 
                March 2016 pursuant to section 402 of the Cybersecurity 
                Act of 2015 (division N of Public Law 114-113; 129 
                Stat. 2978).</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Duties described.--The principal 
                duties and responsibilities of the head of the Office 
                shall be--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) to serve as the principal 
                        cyber policy official within the senior 
                        management of the Department of State and as 
                        the advisor to the Secretary of State for cyber 
                        issues;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) to lead the Department of 
                        State's diplomatic cyberspace efforts, 
                        including efforts relating to international 
                        cybersecurity, Internet access, Internet 
                        freedom, digital economy, cybercrime, 
                        deterrence and international responses to cyber 
                        threats, and other issues that the Secretary 
                        assigns to the Office;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iii) to promote an open, 
                        interoperable, reliable, unfettered, and secure 
                        information and communications technology 
                        infrastructure for all critical infrastructure 
                        globally;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(iv) to represent the Secretary 
                        of State in interagency efforts to develop and 
                        advance cyberspace policy described in 
                        subparagraph (A);</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(v) to coordinate cyberspace 
                        efforts and other relevant functions, including 
                        countering terrorists' use of cyberspace, 
                        within the Department of State and with other 
                        components of the United States 
                        Government;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vi) to act as a liaison to 
                        public and private sector entities on relevant 
                        cyberspace issues;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(vii) to lead United States 
                        Government efforts to establish a global 
                        deterrence framework;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(viii) to develop and execute 
                        adversary-specific strategies to influence 
                        adversary decisionmaking through the imposition 
                        of costs and deterrence strategies;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ix) to advise the Secretary and 
                        coordinate with foreign governments on external 
                        responses to national security level cyber 
                        incidents, including coordination on diplomatic 
                        response efforts to support allies threatened 
                        by malicious cyber activity, in conjunction 
                        with members of the North Atlantic Treaty 
                        Organization and other like-minded 
                        countries;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(x) to promote the adoption of 
                        national processes and programs that enable 
                        threat detection, prevention, and response to 
                        malicious cyber activity emanating from the 
                        territory of a foreign country, including as 
                        such activity relates to the European allies of 
                        the United States, as appropriate;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xi) to promote the building of 
                        foreign capacity to protect the global network 
                        with the goal of enabling like-minded 
                        participation in deterrence 
                        frameworks;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xii) to promote the maintenance 
                        of an open and interoperable Internet governed 
                        by the multi-stakeholder model, instead of by 
                        centralized government control;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xiii) to promote an 
                        international regulatory environment for 
                        technology investments and the Internet that 
                        benefits United States economic and national 
                        security interests;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xiv) to promote cross border 
                        flow of data and combat international 
                        initiatives seeking to impose unreasonable 
                        requirements on United States 
                        businesses;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xv) to promote international 
                        policies to protect the integrity of United 
                        States and international telecommunications 
                        infrastructure from foreign-based, cyber-
                        enabled threats;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xvi) to serve as the 
                        interagency coordinator for the United States 
                        Government on engagement with foreign 
                        governments on cyberspace and digital economy 
                        issues described in the Defending American 
                        Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 
                        2019;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xvii) to promote international 
                        policies to secure radio frequency spectrum for 
                        United States businesses and national security 
                        needs;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xviii) to promote and protect 
                        the exercise of human rights, including freedom 
                        of speech and religion, through the 
                        Internet;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xix) to build capacity of 
                        United States diplomatic officials to engage on 
                        cyber issues;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xx) to encourage the 
                        development and adoption by foreign countries 
                        of internationally recognized standards, 
                        policies, and best practices; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xxi) to promote and advance 
                        international policies that protect 
                        individuals' private data.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Qualifications.--The head of the Office 
        should be an individual of demonstrated competency in the 
        fields of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) cybersecurity and other relevant 
                cyber issues; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) international diplomacy.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Organizational placement.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Initial placement.--During the 4-
                year period beginning on the date of the enactment of 
                the Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression 
                Act of 2019, the head of the Office shall report to the 
                Under Secretary for Political Affairs or to an official 
                holding a higher position than the Under Secretary for 
                Political Affairs in the Department of State.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Subsequent placement.--After the 
                conclusion of the 4-year period referred to in 
                subparagraph (A), the head of the Office shall report 
                to--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) an appropriate Under 
                        Secretary; or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) an official holding a 
                        higher position than Under Secretary.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
        subsection may be construed to preclude--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the Office from being elevated to a 
                Bureau within the Department of State; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the head of the Office from being 
                elevated to an Assistant Secretary, if such an 
                Assistant Secretary position does not increase the 
                number of Assistant Secretary positions at the 
                Department above the number authorized under subsection 
                (c)(1).''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
the Office of Cyberspace and the Digital Economy established under 
section 1(g) of the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, as 
added by subsection (a)--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) should be a Bureau of the Department of State 
        headed by an Assistant Secretary, subject to the rule of 
        construction specified in paragraph (5)(B) of such section 
        1(g); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) should coordinate with other bureaus of the 
        Department of State and use all tools at the disposal of the 
        Office to combat activities taken by the Russian Federation, or 
        on behalf of the Russian Federation, to undermine the 
        cybersecurity and democratic values of the United States and 
        other nations.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) United Nations.--The Permanent Representative of the 
United States to the United Nations should use the voice, vote, and 
influence of the United States to oppose any measure that is 
inconsistent with the United States international cyberspace policy 
strategy issued by the Department of State in March 2016 pursuant to 
section 402 of the Cybersecurity Act of 2015 (division N of Public Law 
114-113; 129 Stat. 2978).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 212. ENHANCED HIRING AUTHORITY FOR DEPARTMENT OF 
              STATE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Agency.--The term ``agency'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 5721 of title 5, United States 
        Code.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Appropriation.--The term ``appropriation'' 
        includes funds made available by statute and under section 9104 
        of title 31, United States Code.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Schedule a.--The term ``Schedule A'' means 
        positions other than those of a confidential or policy-
        determining character for which it is impracticable to examine, 
        pursuant to section 213.3101 of title 5, Code of Federal 
        Regulations, or successor regulation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Authority.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary of State may procure the services 
        of Schedule A employees in the amount and for the offices 
        specified in paragraph (2) for the purpose of hiring 
        individuals with special qualifications, including prior work 
        experience involving economic or financial sanctions, for the 
        development and implementation of economic and financial 
        sanctions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Assignment of schedule a employees.--Using the 
        authority provided under paragraph (1), the Secretary of State 
        may procure the services of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) not to exceed 5 Schedule A employees 
                for the Office of Sanctions Coordination to be 
                established pursuant to subsection (h) of section 1 of 
                the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 
                U.S.C. 2651a), as added by section 612; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) not to exceed 15 Schedule A employees 
                for the Counter Threat Finance and Sanctions component 
                of the Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs (EB/
                TFS).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Limitation.--Positions in the Senior Executive Service 
may not be filled using the authority provided under subsection 
(b).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Equal Opportunity and Non-Discrimination.--The 
Secretary of State shall ensure compliance with equal opportunity and 
other non-discrimination regulations of the United States Government in 
exercising the authority provided under subsection (b).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Report.--The Secretary of State shall report to the 
Office of Personnel Management on an annual basis with respect to the 
number of Schedule A employees employed by the Department of State 
using the authority provided under subsection (b).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 213. SENSE OF CONGRESS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the United States Agency for Global Media and 
        its grantee networks have a critical mission to inform, engage, 
        and connect people around the world in support of freedom and 
        democracy; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) those networks must adhere to professional 
        journalistic standards and integrity and not engage in 
        disinformation activities.</DELETED>

    <DELETED>TITLE III--CHEMICAL WEAPONS NONPROLIFERATION</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This title may be cited as the ``Chemical Weapons 
Nonproliferation Act of 2019''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 302. FINDINGS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Congress makes the following findings:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) The international norm against the use of 
        chemical weapons has severely eroded since 2012. At least 4 
        actors between 2012 and the date of the enactment of this Act 
        have used chemical weapons: Syria, North Korea, the Russian 
        Federation, and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in 
        Iraq and Syria.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) On March 4, 2018, the Government of the 
        Russian Federation knowingly used novichok, a lethal chemical 
        agent, in an attempt to kill former Russian military 
        intelligence officer Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia, in 
        Salisbury, United Kingdom.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) In September 2018, the Government of the 
        United Kingdom charged 2 Russian suspects with the poisoning of 
        Sergei and Yulia Skripal, further highlighting the culpability 
        of the Government of the Russian Federation in the 
        attack.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) On June 27, 2018, the Organisation for the 
        Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (commonly known as the 
        ``OPCW''), during its Fourth Special Session of the Conference 
        of the States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention, 
        adopted a decision to ``put in place arrangements to identify 
        the perpetrators of the use of chemical weapons in the Syrian 
        Arab Republic by identifying and reporting on all information 
        potentially relevant to the origin of those chemical weapons in 
        those instances in which the OPCW Fact-Finding Mission in Syria 
        determines or has determined that use or likely use occurred, 
        and cases for which the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism 
        has not issued a report; and decide[d] also that the 
        Secretariat shall provide regular reports on its investigations 
        to the Council and to the United Nations Secretary-General for 
        their consideration''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) In addition, during the Fourth Special 
        Session, the State Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention 
        voted to provide new powers to the Director-General of the OPCW 
        to attribute chemical weapons attacks. The decision ``affirms 
        that, whenever a chemical weapons use occurs on the territory 
        of a State Party, those who were the perpetrators, organizers, 
        sponsors or otherwise involved should be identified, and 
        underscores the added value of the Secretariat conducting an 
        independent investigation of an alleged use of chemical weapons 
        with a view to facilitating universal attribution of all 
        chemical weapons attacks''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) Finally, the decision of the State Parties to 
        the Chemical Weapons Convention allows ``the Director-General, 
        if requested by a State Party investigating a possible chemical 
        weapons use on its territory, [to] provide technical expertise 
        to identify those who were perpetrators, organizers, sponsors 
        or otherwise involved in the use of chemicals as 
        weapons''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) The Government of the Russian Federation 
        attempted to impede the adoption of the identification 
        mechanism in the Fourth Special Session, and has repeatedly 
        worked to degrade the OPCW's ability to identify chemical 
        weapons users.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (8) The Government of the Russian Federation has 
        shown itself to be unwilling or incapable of compelling the 
        President of Syria, Bashar al-Assad, an ally of the Russian 
        Federation, to stop using chemical weapons against the civilian 
        population in Syria.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (9) The United States remains steadfast in its 
        commitment to its key ally the United Kingdom, its commitment 
        to the mutual defense of the North Atlantic Treaty 
        Organization, and its commitment to the Chemical Weapons 
        Convention.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (10) Thirty-four countries, including the United 
        States, have joined the International Partnership against 
        Impunity for the use of Chemical Weapons, which represents a 
        political commitment by participating countries to hold to 
        account persons responsible for the use of chemical 
        weapons.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (11) The Defense Ministry of the Government of the 
        Netherlands exposed 4 Russians as agents of the GRU 
        intelligence service who had attempted to hack OPCW networks 
        during the OPCW's investigation of the poisoning of Sergei and 
        Yulia Skripal in Salisbury, United Kingdom.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 303. STATEMENT OF POLICY.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It shall be the policy of the United States--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to protect and defend the interests of the 
        United States, allies of the United States, and the 
        international community at large from the continuing threat of 
        chemical weapons and their proliferation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to maintain a steadfast commitment to the 
        Chemical Weapons Convention and the OPCW;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to promote and strengthen the investigative 
        and identification mechanisms of the OPCW, including the 
        development of a new OPCW laboratory and enhancements to the 
        OPCW network of designated laboratories, through the provision 
        of additional resources and technical equipment to better allow 
        the OPCW to detect, identify, and attribute chemical weapons 
        attacks;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) to pressure the Government of the Russian 
        Federation to halt its efforts to degrade the international 
        efforts of the United Nations and the OPCW to investigate 
        chemical weapons attacks and to designate perpetrators of such 
        attacks by--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) highlighting within international 
                fora, including the United Nations General Assembly and 
                the OPCW, the repeated efforts of the Government of the 
                Russian Federation to degrade international efforts to 
                investigate chemical weapons attacks; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) consulting with allies and partners of 
                the United States with respect to methods for 
                strengthening the investigative mechanisms of the 
                OPCW;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) to examine additional avenues for 
        investigating, identifying, and holding accountable chemical 
        weapons users if the Government of the Russian Federation 
        continues in its attempts to block or hinder investigations of 
        the OPCW; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) to punish the Government of the Russian 
        Federation for, and deter that Government from, any chemical 
        weapons production and use through the imposition of sanctions, 
        diplomatic isolation, and the use of the mechanisms specified 
        in the Chemical Weapons Convention for violations of the 
        Convention.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 304. REPORT ON SANCTIONS RELATING TO USE OF CHEMICAL 
              WEAPONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a 
report that includes an assessment of--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) whether the mandatory sanctions required by 
        the Chemical and Biological Weapons and Warfare Elimination Act 
        of 1991 (22 U.S.C. 5601 et seq.) have been imposed with respect 
        to the Russian Federation; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) whether the Government of the Russian 
        Federation has taken any steps to avoid sanctions required by 
        that Act after the determination of the United States with 
        respect to the use of chemical weapons by the Russian 
        Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Form of Report.--Each report required by subsection 
(a) shall be submitted in unclassified form and shall include a 
classified annex.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 305. REPORT ON PRODUCTION AND USE OF CHEMICAL AND 
              BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report on the 
chemical and biological weapon programs of the Government of the 
Russian Federation that includes an assessment of--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) whether that Government has production 
        capabilities in violation of the Chemical Weapons Convention 
        and the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, 
        Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and 
        Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction, done at Washington, 
        London, and Moscow April 10, 1972, and entered into force March 
        26, 1975 (26 UST 583);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) any use by that Government of chemical or 
        biological weapons during the 10-year period preceding 
        submission of the report; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) any direct or indirect support, including 
        transfers of material, knowledge, or technology, by that 
        Government for the chemical or biological weapons programs of 
        other countries or non-state actors.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Form of Report.--Each report required by subsection 
(a) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a 
classified annex.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 306. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated 
to the Secretary of State $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 
through 2024, to be provided to the OPCW as a voluntary contribution 
pursuant to section 301(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2221(a)) for the purpose of strengthening the OPCW's 
investigative and identification mechanisms for chemical weapons 
attacks.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Availability of Funds.--Amounts authorized to be 
appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) shall remain available until 
expended.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 307. CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION DEFINED.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this title, the term ``Chemical Weapons Convention'' 
means the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, 
Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, done 
at Geneva September 3, 1992, and entered into force April 29, 
1997.</DELETED>

  <DELETED>TITLE IV--INTERNATIONAL CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 401. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    This title may be cited as the ``International Cybercrime 
Prevention Act''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 402. PREDICATE OFFENSES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in section 1956(c)(7)(D)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) by striking ``or section 2339D'' and 
                inserting ``section 2339D''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by striking ``of this title, section 
                46502'' and inserting ``, or section 2512 (relating to 
                the manufacture, distribution, possession, and 
                advertising of wire, oral, or electronic communication 
                intercepting devices) of this title, section 46502''; 
                and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in section 1961(1), by inserting ``section 
        1030 (relating to fraud and related activity in connection with 
        computers) if the act indictable under section 1030 is 
        felonious,'' before ``section 1084''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 403. FORFEITURE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Section 2513 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended to read as follows:</DELETED>
<DELETED>``Sec. 2513. Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic 
              communication intercepting devices and other 
              property</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(a) Criminal Forfeiture.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The court, in imposing a 
        sentence on any person convicted of a violation of section 2511 
        or 2512, or convicted of conspiracy to violate section 2511 or 
        2512, shall order, in addition to any other sentence imposed 
        and irrespective of any provision of State law, that such 
        person forfeit to the United States--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) such person's interest in any 
                property, real or personal, that was used or intended 
                to be used to commit or to facilitate the commission of 
                such violation; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) any property, real or personal, 
                constituting or derived from any gross proceeds, or any 
                property traceable to such property, that such person 
                obtained or retained directly or indirectly as a result 
                of such violation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Forfeiture procedures.--Pursuant to section 
        2461(c) of title 28, the provisions of section 413 of the 
        Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853), other than 
        subsection (d) thereof, shall apply to criminal forfeitures 
        under this subsection.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Civil Forfeiture.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The following shall be subject 
        to forfeiture to the United States in accordance with 
        provisions of chapter 46 and no property right shall exist in 
        them:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Any property, real or personal, used 
                or intended to be used, in any manner, to commit, or 
                facilitate the commission of a violation of section 
                2511 or 2512, or a conspiracy to violate section 2511 
                or 2512.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Any property, real or personal, 
                constituting, or traceable to the gross proceeds taken, 
                obtained, or retained in connection with or as a result 
                of a violation of section 2511 or 2512, or a conspiracy 
                to violate section 2511 or 2512.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Forfeiture procedures.--Seizures and 
        forfeitures under this subsection shall be governed by the 
        provisions of chapter 46, relating to civil forfeitures, except 
        that such duties as are imposed on the Secretary of the 
        Treasury under the customs laws described in section 981(d) 
        shall be performed by such officers, agents, and other persons 
        as may be designated for that purpose by the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security or the Attorney General.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of 
sections for chapter 119 is amended by striking the item relating to 
section 2513 and inserting the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``2513. Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic 
                            communication intercepting devices and 
                            other property.''.

<DELETED>SEC. 404. SHUTTING DOWN BOTNETS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Amendment.--Section 1345 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in the heading, by inserting ``and abuse'' 
        after ``fraud'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (a)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in paragraph (1)--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) in subparagraph (B), by 
                        striking ``or'' at the end;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) in subparagraph (C), by 
                        inserting ``or'' after the semicolon; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) by inserting after 
                        subparagraph (C) the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) violating or about to violate 
                section 1030(a)(5) of this title where such conduct has 
                caused or would cause damage (as defined in section 
                1030) without authorization to 100 or more protected 
                computers (as defined in section 1030) during any 1-
                year period, including by--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) impairing the availability 
                        or integrity of the protected computers without 
                        authorization; or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) installing or maintaining 
                        control over malicious software on the 
                        protected computers that, without 
                        authorization, has caused or would cause damage 
                        to the protected computers;''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter 
                preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, a 
                violation described in subsection (a)(1)(D),'' before 
                ``or a Federal''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) A restraining order, prohibition, or other action 
described in subsection (b), if issued in circumstances described in 
subsection (a)(1)(D), may, upon application of the Attorney General--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) specify that no cause of action shall lie in 
        any court against a person for complying with the restraining 
        order, prohibition, or other action; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) provide that the United States shall pay to 
        such person a fee for reimbursement for such costs as are 
        reasonably necessary and which have been directly incurred in 
        complying with the restraining order, prohibition, or other 
        action.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of 
sections for chapter 63 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by 
striking the item relating to section 1345 and inserting the 
following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``1345. Injunctions against fraud and abuse.''.

<DELETED>SEC. 405. AGGRAVATED DAMAGE TO A CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 
              COMPUTER.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Chapter 47 of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended by inserting after section 1030 the 
following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>``Sec. 1030A. Aggravated damage to a critical infrastructure 
              computer</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(a) Offense.--It shall be unlawful, during and in 
relation to a felony violation of section 1030, to knowingly cause or 
attempt to cause damage to a critical infrastructure computer, if such 
damage results in (or, in the case of an attempted offense, would, if 
completed, have resulted in) the substantial impairment--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) of the operation of the critical 
        infrastructure computer; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) of the critical infrastructure associated 
        with such computer.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) 
shall, in addition to the term of punishment provided for the felony 
violation of section 1030, be fined under this title, imprisoned for 
not more than 20 years, or both.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Consecutive Sentence.--Notwithstanding any other 
provision of law--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) a court shall not place any person convicted 
        of a violation of this section on probation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) except as provided in paragraph (4), no term 
        of imprisonment imposed on a person under this section shall 
        run concurrently with any term of imprisonment imposed on the 
        person under any other provision of law, including any term of 
        imprisonment imposed for the felony violation of section 
        1030;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) in determining any term of imprisonment to 
        be imposed for the felony violation of section 1030, a court 
        shall not in any way reduce the term to be imposed for such 
        violation to compensate for, or otherwise take into account, 
        any separate term of imprisonment imposed or to be imposed for 
        a violation of this section; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) a term of imprisonment imposed on a person 
        for a violation of this section may, in the discretion of the 
        court, run concurrently, in whole or in part, only with another 
        term of imprisonment that is imposed by the court at the same 
        time on that person for an additional violation of this 
        section, if such discretion shall be exercised in accordance 
        with any applicable guidelines and policy statements issued by 
        the United States Sentencing Commission pursuant to section 994 
        of title 28.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) the terms `computer' and `damage' have the 
        meanings given the terms in section 1030; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) the term `critical infrastructure' means 
        systems and assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to 
        the United States that the incapacity or destruction of such 
        systems and assets would have catastrophic regional or national 
        effects on public health or safety, economic security, or 
        national security, including voter registration databases, 
        voting machines, and other communications systems that manage 
        the election process or report and display results on behalf of 
        State and local governments.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 
47 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the 
item relating to section 1030 the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``1030A. Aggravated damage to a critical infrastructure 
                            computer.''.

<DELETED>SEC. 406. STOPPING TRAFFICKING IN BOTNETS; 
              FORFEITURE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 1030 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subsection (a)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in paragraph (7), by adding ``or'' at 
                the end; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) by inserting after paragraph (7) the 
                following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(8) intentionally traffics in the means of 
        access to a protected computer, if--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the trafficker knows or has reason 
                to know the protected computer has been damaged in a 
                manner prohibited by this section; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the promise or agreement to pay for 
                the means of access is made by, or on behalf of, a 
                person the trafficker knows or has reason to know 
                intends to use the means of access to--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) damage a protected computer 
                        in a manner prohibited by this section; 
                        or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) violate section 1037 or 
                        1343;'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subsection (c)(3)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                ``(a)(4) or (a)(7)'' and inserting ``(a)(4), (a)(7), or 
                (a)(8)''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking 
                ``(a)(4), or (a)(7)'' and inserting ``(a)(4), (a)(7), 
                or (a)(8)'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in subsection (e)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in paragraph (11), by striking ``and'' 
                at the end;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in paragraph (12), by striking the 
                period at the end and inserting ``; and''; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) by adding at the end the 
                following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(13) the term `traffic', except as provided in 
        subsection (a)(6), means transfer, or otherwise dispose of, to 
        another as consideration for the receipt of, or as 
        consideration for a promise or agreement to pay, anything of 
        pecuniary value.'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by 
        inserting ``, except for a violation of subsection (a)(8),'' 
        after ``of this section''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) by striking subsections (i) and (j) and 
        inserting the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(i) Criminal Forfeiture.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) The court, in imposing sentence on any 
        person convicted of a violation of this section, or convicted 
        of conspiracy to violate this section, shall order, in addition 
        to any other sentence imposed and irrespective of any provision 
        of State law, that such person forfeit to the United States--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) such person's interest in any 
                property, real or personal, that was used or intended 
                to be used to commit or to facilitate the commission of 
                such violation; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) any property, real or personal, 
                constituting or derived from any gross proceeds, or any 
                property traceable to such property, that such person 
                obtained, directly or indirectly, as a result of such 
                violation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) The criminal forfeiture of property under 
        this subsection, including any seizure and disposition of the 
        property, and any related judicial or administrative 
        proceeding, shall be governed by the provisions of section 413 
        of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853), except 
        subsection (d) of that section.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(j) Civil Forfeiture of Property Used in the Commission 
of an Offense.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) Any personal property, including any 
        Internet domain name or Internet Protocol address, that was 
        used or intended to be used to commit or to facilitate the 
        commission of any violation of this section, or a conspiracy to 
        violate this section shall be subject to forfeiture to the 
        United States, and no property right shall exist in such 
        property.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Seizures and forfeitures under this 
        subsection shall be governed by the provisions of chapter 46 
        relating to civil forfeitures, except that such duties as are 
        imposed on the Secretary of the Treasury under the customs laws 
        described in section 981(d) shall be performed by such 
        officers, agents, and other persons as may be designated for 
        that purpose by the Secretary of Homeland Security or the 
        Attorney General.''.</DELETED>

      <DELETED>TITLE V--COMBATING ELECTION INTERFERENCE</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 501. PROHIBITION ON INTERFERENCE WITH VOTING 
              SYSTEMS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 1030(e) of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in paragraph (2)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking 
                ``or'' at the end;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in subparagraph (B), by adding ``or'' 
                at the end; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) by adding at the end the 
                following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) that--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) is part of a voting system; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii)(I) is used for the 
                        management, support, or administration of a 
                        Federal election; or</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(II) has moved in or otherwise 
                        affects interstate or foreign 
                        commerce;'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in paragraph (11), by striking ``and'' at the 
        end;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in paragraph (12), by striking the period and 
        inserting a semicolon; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(13) the term `Federal election' means any 
        election (as defined in section 301(1) of the Federal Election 
        Campaign Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(1))) for Federal office 
        (as defined in section 301(3) of the Federal Election Campaign 
        Act of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(3))); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(14) the term `voting system' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 301(b) of the Help America Vote Act 
        of 2002 (52 U.S.C. 21081(b)).''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 502. INADMISSIBILITY OF ALIENS SEEKING TO INTERFERE IN 
              UNITED STATES ELECTIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Defined Term.--Section 101(a) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(53) The term `improper interference in a United 
        States election' means conduct by an alien that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A)(i) violates Federal criminal, voting 
                rights, or campaign finance law; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(ii) is under the direction of a foreign 
                government; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) interferes with a general or primary 
                Federal, State, or local election or caucus, 
                including--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(i) the campaign of a candidate; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ii) a ballot measure, 
                        including--</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(I) an 
                                amendment;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(II) a bond 
                                issue;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(III) an 
                                initiative;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(IV) a recall;</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(V) a referral; 
                                and</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(VI) a 
                                referendum.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Improper Interference in United States Elections.--
Section 212(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
1182(a)(3)) is amended by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(H) Improper interference in a united 
                states election.--Any alien who is seeking admission to 
                the United States to engage in improper interference in 
                a United States election, or who has engaged in 
                improper interference in a United States election, is 
                inadmissible.''.</DELETED>

       <DELETED>TITLE VI--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN 
                          FEDERATION</DELETED>

  <DELETED>Subtitle A--Expansion of Countering America's Adversaries 
                    Through Sanctions Act</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 601. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ROLE OF SANCTIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that economic and financial 
sanctions, when used as part of a coordinated and comprehensive 
strategy, are a powerful tool to advance United States foreign policy 
and national security interests.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 602. SANCTIONS RELATED TO INTERFERENCE OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION WITH DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES AND 
              ELECTIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Part 2 of subtitle A of title II of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521 et seq.) is 
amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating sections 235, 236, 237, and 
        238 as sections 239E, 239F, 239H, and 239I, respectively; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after section 234 the 
        following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 235. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS WITH 
              CERTAIN RUSSIAN POLITICAL FIGURES AND 
              OLIGARCHS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions 
described in section 224(b) with respect to--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) political figures, oligarchs, and other 
        persons that facilitate illicit and corrupt activities, 
        directly or indirectly, on behalf of the President of the 
        Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, and persons acting for or 
        on behalf of such political figures, oligarchs, and 
        persons;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Russian parastatal entities that facilitate 
        illicit and corrupt activities, directly or indirectly, on 
        behalf of the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir 
        Putin;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) family members of persons described in 
        paragraph (1) or (2) that derive significant benefits from such 
        illicit and corrupt activities; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) persons, including financial institutions, 
        engaging in significant transactions with persons described in 
        paragraph (1), (2), or (3).</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 236. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS WITH THE 
              CYBER SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``On and after the date that is 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions 
described in section 224(b) with respect to a person, including any 
financial institution, that the President determines--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) knowingly engages in significant 
        transactions with any person in the Russian Federation that 
        supports or facilitates malicious cyber activities; 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) is knowingly owned or controlled by, or 
        knowingly acts or purports to act for or on behalf of, directly 
        or indirectly, a person that engages in significant 
        transactions described in paragraph (1).</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 237. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS RELATED TO 
              INVESTMENTS IN RUSSIAN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS EXPORT 
              FACILITIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of the Defending American Security from 
Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose five or more 
of the sanctions described in section 239E with respect to a person if 
the President determines that the person knowingly, on or after such 
date of enactment, makes an investment described in subsection (b) in a 
liquefied natural gas export facility located outside of the Russian 
Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Investment Described.--An investment described in 
this subsection is an investment that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) directly and significantly contributes to 
        the ability of the Russian Federation to construct liquefied 
        natural gas export facilities outside of the Russian 
        Federation; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2)(A) has a fair market value of $1,000,000 or 
        more; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(B) during a 12-month period, has an aggregate 
        fair market value of $5,000,000 or more.</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 238. PROHIBITION ON TRANSACTIONS RELATING TO NEW 
              SOVEREIGN DEBT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date 
of the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall prescribe regulations 
prohibiting United States persons from engaging in transactions with, 
providing financing for, or otherwise dealing in, Russian sovereign 
debt issued on or after the date that is 90 days after such date of 
enactment.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Russian Sovereign Debt Defined.--In this section, 
the term `Russian sovereign debt' means--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) bonds issued by the Central Bank, the 
        National Wealth Fund, or the Federal Treasury of the Russian 
        Federation, or agents or affiliates of any of those entities, 
        with a maturity of more than 14 days;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) foreign exchange swap agreements with the 
        Central Bank, the National Wealth Fund, or the Federal Treasury 
        of the Russian Federation with a duration of more than 14 days; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) any other financial instrument, the duration 
        or maturity of which is more than 14 days, that--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) was issued by a Russian financial 
                institution on behalf of the Government of the Russian 
                Federation; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the President determines otherwise 
                represents the sovereign debt of the Government of the 
                Russian Federation.</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 239. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN FINANCIAL 
              INSTITUTIONS THAT SUPPORT INTERFERENCE IN DEMOCRATIC 
              PROCESSES OR ELECTIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``On and after the date that is 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions 
described in section 224(b)(1) with respect to any Russian financial 
institution that the President determines has, on or after such date of 
enactment, provided financial or other support for interference by the 
Government of the Russian Federation in the democratic process or 
elections of any country other than the Russian 
Federation.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 603. SANCTIONS RELATING TO THE ACTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION WITH RESPECT TO UKRAINE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Part 2 of subtitle A of title II of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521 et seq.), 
as amended by section 602, is further amended by inserting after 
section 239 the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 239A. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS RELATED TO 
              INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY RUSSIAN 
              STATE-OWNED OR PARASTATAL ENTITIES OUTSIDE OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose five or more of the 
sanctions described in section 239E with respect to a person if the 
President determines that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) the person knowingly, on or after such date 
        of enactment, invests in an energy project outside of the 
        Russian Federation that is supported by a Russian parastatal 
        entity or an entity owned or controlled by the Government of 
        the Russian Federation; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) the total value of the project exceeds or is 
        reasonably expected to exceed $250,000,000.</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 239B. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SUPPORT FOR THE 
              DEVELOPMENT OF CRUDE OIL RESOURCES IN THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) In General.--The President shall impose five or more 
of the sanctions described in section 239E with respect to a person if 
the President determines that the person knowingly, on or after the 
date of the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, sells, leases, or provides to the Russian 
Federation goods, services, technology, financing, or support described 
in subsection (b)--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) any of which has a fair market value of 
        $1,000,000 or more; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) that, during a 12-month period, have an 
        aggregate fair market value of $5,000,000 or more.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Goods, Services, Technology, Financing, or Support 
Described.--Goods, services, technology, financing, or support 
described in this subsection are goods, services, technology, financing 
or support that could directly and significantly contribute to the 
Russian Federation's--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) ability to develop crude oil resources 
        located in the Russian Federation; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) production of crude oil resources in the 
        Russian Federation, including any direct and significant 
        assistance with respect to the construction, modernization, or 
        repair of infrastructure that would facilitate the development 
        of crude oil resources located in the Russian 
        Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Applicability.--The requirement to impose sanctions 
under subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to the maintenance of 
projects that are ongoing as of the date of the enactment of the 
Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 
2019.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Requirement To Issue Guidance.--Not later than 90 
days after the date of enactment of the Defending American Security 
from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019, the Secretary of State, in 
consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of 
Energy, shall issue regulations--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) clarifying how the exception under 
        subsection (c) will be applied; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) listing specific goods, services, 
        technology, financing, and support covered by subsection 
        (b).</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 239C. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN DETENTION OF 24 
              UKRAINIAN NAVAL PERSONNEL ON AND AFTER NOVEMBER 25, 
              2018.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions 
described in section 224(b) with respect to not fewer than 24 senior 
officers of the Russian Federal Security Service who had not been 
sanctioned by the United States before such date of 
enactment.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Duration.--Sanctions imposed under subsection (a) 
shall remain in effect until the date on which the Secretary of State 
determines and certifies to the appropriate congressional committees 
that the Ukrainian naval personnel detained by forces of the Russian 
Federation on November 25, 2018, are no longer in detention.</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 239D. SANCTIONS FOR VIOLATIONS BY THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION OF FREEDOM OF NAVIGATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Determination of Violation.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after 
        the date of the enactment of the Defending American Security 
        from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019, and every 180 days 
        thereafter, the Secretary of State shall determine and certify 
        to the committees specified in subsection (d) whether the 
        Government of the Russian Federation, including the armed 
        forces or coast guard of the Russian Federation, has interfered 
        with the freedom of navigation of one or more vessels in the 
        Kerch Strait or elsewhere in a manner inconsistent with 
        international law during the 180 days preceding the 
        certification.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Publication of certification.--Not later 
        than 15 days after submitting a certification under paragraph 
        (1), the Secretary shall publish the certification in the 
        Federal Register.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Imposition of Sanctions.--On and after the date that 
is 90 days after the publication of a certification under paragraph (2) 
of subsection (a) indicating that the Government of the Russian 
Federation has interfered with the freedom of navigation of one or more 
vessels as described in paragraph (1) of that subsection, all entities 
operating in the shipbuilding sector of the Russian Federation shall be 
subject to the same restrictions as an entity included on the list of 
specially designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the 
Office of Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the 
Treasury.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(c) Removal of Sanctions.--The restrictions imposed 
pursuant to subsection (b) shall remain in effect until the date on 
which the Secretary of State determines and certifies to the committees 
specified in subsection (d) that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) the Government of the Russian Federation, 
        including the armed forces and coast guard of the Russian 
        Federation, has not interfered with the freedom of navigation 
        of any vessels in the Kerch Strait or elsewhere in a manner 
        inconsistent with international law during the 3-year period 
        preceding the submission of that certification; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) the Government of the Russian Federation has 
        provided assurances that that Government will not engage in 
        such interference in the future.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(d) Committees Specified.--The committees specified in 
this subsection are--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) the appropriate congressional committees; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 604. CONFORMING AND TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Implementation and Penalties.--Part 2 of subtitle A of 
title II of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act 
(22 U.S.C. 9521 et seq.), as amended by sections 602 and 603, is 
further amended by inserting after section 239F the 
following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``SEC. 239G. IMPLEMENTATION AND PENALTIES.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    ``(a) Implementation.--The President may exercise all 
authorities provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) 
to carry out this part.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this part or 
any regulation, license, or order issued to carry out this part shall 
be subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
act described in subsection (a) of that section.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Definitions.--Section 221 of the Countering America's 
Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521) is amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph 
        (7); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the 
        following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(6) Russian financial institution.--The term 
        `Russian financial institution' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) a financial institution organized 
                under the laws of the Russian Federation or any 
                jurisdiction within the Russian Federation, including a 
                foreign branch of such an institution;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) a financial institution located in 
                the Russian Federation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) a financial institution, wherever 
                located, owned or controlled by the Government of the 
                Russian Federation; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) a financial institution, wherever 
                located, owned or controlled by a financial institution 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), or 
                (C).''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the 
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act is amended by 
striking the items relating to sections 235 through 238 and inserting 
the following:</DELETED>

<DELETED>``Sec. 235. Sanctions with respect to transactions with 
                            certain Russian political figures and 
                            oligarchs.
<DELETED>``Sec. 236. Sanctions with respect to transactions with the 
                            cyber sector of the Russian Federation.
<DELETED>``Sec. 237. Sanctions with respect to transactions related to 
                            investments in Russian liquefied natural 
                            gas export facilities.
<DELETED>``Sec. 238. Prohibition on transactions relating to new 
                            sovereign debt of the Russian Federation.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239. Sanctions with respect to Russian financial 
                            institutions that support interference in 
                            democratic processes or elections.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239A. Sanctions with respect to transactions related to 
                            investments in energy projects supported by 
                            Russian state-owned or parastatal entities 
                            outside of the Russian Federation.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239B. Sanctions with respect to support for the 
                            development of crude oil resources in the 
                            Russian Federation.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239C. Sanctions with respect to Russian detention of 24 
                            Ukrainian naval personnel on and after 
                            November 25, 2018.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239D. Sanctions for violations by the Russian 
                            Federation of freedom of navigation.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239E. Sanctions described.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239F. Exceptions, waiver, and termination.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239G. Implementation and penalties.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239H. Exception relating to activities of the National 
                            Aeronautics and Space Administration.
<DELETED>``Sec. 239I. Rule of construction.''.
<DELETED>    (d) Conforming Amendments.--Part 2 of subtitle A of title 
II of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 
U.S.C. 9521 et seq.), as amended by this section, is further amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in section 231, by striking subsection (e); 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by striking ``section 235'' each place it 
        appears and inserting ``section 239E''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Guidance.--The President shall, in a prompt and timely 
way, publish guidance on the implementation of this subtitle and the 
amendments made by this subtitle and any regulations prescribed 
pursuant to this subtitle or any such amendment.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 605. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW AND CONTINUED APPLICABILITY OF 
              SANCTIONS UNDER THE SERGEI MAGNITSKY RULE OF LAW 
              ACCOUNTABILITY ACT OF 2012.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 216(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Russia Sanctions Review Act 
of 2017 (22 U.S.C. 9511(a)(2)(B)(i)) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in subclause (II), by striking ``; or'' and 
        inserting a semicolon;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and 
        inserting ``; or''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
                                <DELETED>    ``(IV) the Sergei 
                                Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability 
                                Act of 2012 (title IV of Public Law 
                                112-208; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note); 
                                and''.</DELETED>

  <DELETED>Subtitle B--Coordination With the European Union</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 611. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COORDINATION WITH ALLIES WITH 
              RESPECT TO SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that the President should--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) continue to uphold and seek unity with 
        European and other key partners with respect to sanctions 
        implemented with respect to the Russian Federation, which have 
        been effective and instrumental in countering the aggression of 
        the Russian Federation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) engage to the fullest extent possible with 
        governments that are partners of the United States with regard 
        to closing loopholes, including the allowance of extended 
        prepayment for the delivery of goods and commodities and other 
        loopholes, in multilateral and unilateral restrictive measures 
        against the Russian Federation, with the aim of maximizing 
        alignment of those measures; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) increase efforts to vigorously enforce 
        compliance with sanctions in place as of the date of the 
        enactment of this Act with respect to the Russian Federation in 
        response to the crises in Ukraine and Syria, cyber intrusions 
        and attacks, and human rights violators in the Russian 
        Federation.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 612. OFFICE OF SANCTIONS COORDINATION OF THE DEPARTMENT 
              OF STATE.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Section 1 of the State Department Basic 
Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a), as amended by section 211, 
is further amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection 
        (i); and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after subsection (g) the 
        following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(h) Office of Sanctions Coordination.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--There is established, within 
        the Department of State, an Office of Sanctions Coordination 
        (referred to in this subsection as the `Office').</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Head.--The head of the Office shall--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) have the rank and status of 
                ambassador;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) be appointed by the President, by 
                and with the advice and consent of the Senate; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) report to the Under Secretary for 
                Political Affairs.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(3) Duties.--The head of the Office shall--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) serve as the principal advisor to 
                the senior management of the Department and the 
                Secretary regarding the role of the Department in the 
                development and implementation of sanctions policy, 
                including sanctions with respect to the Russian 
                Federation, Iran, North Korea, and other 
                countries;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) represent the United States in 
                diplomatic and multilateral fora on sanctions 
                matters;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) consult and closely coordinate with 
                the European Union to ensure the maximum effectiveness 
                of sanctions imposed by the United States and the 
                European Union with respect to the Russian 
                Federation;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(D) advise the Secretary directly and 
                provide input with respect to all activities, policies, 
                and programs of all bureaus and offices of the 
                Department relating to the implementation of sanctions 
                policy; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(E) serve as the principal liaison of 
                the Department to other Federal agencies involved in 
                the design and implementation of sanctions 
                policy.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this 
        subsection may be construed to preclude--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) the Office from being elevated to a 
                Bureau within the Department; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) the head of the Office from being 
                elevated to level of an Assistant 
                Secretary.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report Required.--Not later than 60 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report detailing the efforts of 
the Office of Sanctions Coordination established under the amendments 
made by subsection (a) to coordinate sanctions policy with the European 
Union.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 613. REPORT ON COORDINATION OF SANCTIONS BETWEEN THE 
              UNITED STATES AND EUROPEAN UNION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
includes the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) A description of each instance, during the 
        period specified in subsection (b)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in which the United States has imposed 
                sanctions with respect to a person for activity related 
                to the Russian Federation, but in which the European 
                Union has not imposed corresponding sanctions; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in which the European Union has 
                imposed sanctions with respect to a person for activity 
                related to the Russian Federation, but in which the 
                United States has not imposed corresponding 
                sanctions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) An explanation for the reason for each 
        discrepancy between sanctions imposed by the European Union and 
        sanctions imposed by the United States described in 
        subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Period Specified.--The period specified in this 
subsection is--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in the case of the first report submitted 
        under subsection (a), the period beginning on the date of the 
        enactment of this Act and ending on the date the report is 
        submitted; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in the case of a subsequent such report, the 
        180-day period preceding the submission of the 
        report.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) 
shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the 
        Committee on Finance of the Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
        Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
        Means of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>Subtitle C--Reports Relating to Sanctions With Respect to the 
                      Russian Federation</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 621. DEFINITIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    In this subtitle:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The 
        term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
                the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
                and the Committee on Finance of the Senate; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
                Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on 
                Ways and Means of the House of 
                Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Senior foreign political figure.--The term 
        ``senior foreign political figure'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 1010.605 of title 31, Code of Federal 
        Regulations (or any corresponding similar regulation or 
        ruling).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 622. UPDATED REPORT ON OLIGARCHS AND PARASTATAL ENTITIES 
              OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 241 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
Through Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 922) is amended--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as 
        subsections (c) and (d), respectively;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the 
        following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(b) Updated Report.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated 
report on oligarchs and parastatal entities of the Russian Federation 
that builds on the report submitted under subsection (a) on January 29, 
2018, and that includes the matters described in paragraphs (1) through 
(5) of subsection (a).''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in subsection (c), as redesignated by 
        paragraph (1), by striking ``The report required under 
        subsection (a)'' and inserting ``The reports required by 
        subsections (a) and (b)''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 623. REPORT ON SECTION 224 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S 
              ADVERSARIES THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the 
persons that the President has determined under section 224(a)(1)(A) of 
the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9524(a)(1)(A)) knowingly engaged, on or after August 2, 2017, and 
before the date of the report, in significant activities undermining 
cybersecurity against any person, including a democratic institution or 
government on behalf of the Government of the Russian 
Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall 
contain the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) A list of the persons described in subsection 
        (a).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) A description of diplomatic efforts to work 
        with governments and democratic institutions in other countries 
        the cybersecurity of which the President determines has been 
        undermined by the Government of the Russian 
        Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 624. REPORT ON SECTION 225 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S 
              ADVERSARIES THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the 
foreign persons that the President has determined under section 4(b)(1) 
of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8923(b)(1)), as 
amended by section 225 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 910), have knowingly, on or 
after August 2, 2017, and before the date of the report, made a 
significant investment in a special Russian crude oil 
project.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 625. REPORT ON SECTION 226 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S 
              ADVERSARIES THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the 
foreign financial institutions that the President has determined under 
section 5(a) of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 
8924(a)), as amended by section 226 of the Countering America's 
Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 910), 
have knowingly engaged, on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date 
of the report, in significant transactions involving significant 
investments in a special Russian crude oil project described in section 
4(b)(1) of the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 626. REPORT ON SECTION 228 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S 
              ADVERSARIES THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the 
foreign persons that the President has determined under subsection (a) 
of section 10 of the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, 
and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8909), as 
added by section 228 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 911), have, on or after 
August 2, 2017, and before the date of the report--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) materially violated, attempted to violate, 
        conspired to violate, or caused a violation of any license, 
        order, regulation, or prohibition contained in or issued 
        pursuant to any covered Executive order (as defined in 
        subsection (f) of such section 10), the Support for the 
        Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of 
        Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8901 et seq.), or the Ukraine 
        Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8921 et seq.); 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) facilitated a significant transaction or 
        transactions, including deceptive or structured transactions, 
        for or on behalf of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) any person subject to sanctions 
                imposed by the United States with respect to the 
                Russian Federation; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) any child, spouse, parent, or sibling 
                of an individual described in subparagraph 
                (A).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 627. REPORT ON SECTION 233 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S 
              ADVERSARIES THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the 
foreign persons that the President has determined under section 233 of 
the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9527) have made, on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date of the 
report, an investment of $10,000,000 or more (or any combination of 
investments of not less than $1,000,000 each, which in the aggregate 
equals or exceeds $10,000,000 in any 12-month period), or facilitated 
such an investment, if the investment directly and significantly 
contributes to the ability of the Russian Federation to privatize 
state-owned assets in a manner that unjustly benefits--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) officials of the Government of the Russian 
        Federation; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) close associates or family members of those 
        officials.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 628. REPORT ON SECTION 234 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S 
              ADVERSARIES THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that describes the 
foreign persons that the President has determined under section 234 of 
the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 
9528) have knowingly, on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date 
of the report, exported, transferred, or otherwise provided to Syria 
significant financial, material, or technological support that 
contributes materially to the ability of the Government of Syria to--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) acquire or develop chemical, biological, or 
        nuclear weapons or related technologies;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) acquire or develop ballistic or cruise missile 
        capabilities;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) acquire or develop destabilizing numbers and 
        types of advanced conventional weapons;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) acquire significant defense articles, defense 
        services, or defense information (as such terms are defined 
        under the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.)); 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) acquire items designated by the President for 
        purposes of the United States Munitions List under section 
        38(a)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 
        2778(a)(1)).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).</DELETED>

           <DELETED>Subtitle D--General Provisions</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 641. EXCEPTION RELATING TO ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL 
              AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--This title and the amendments made by 
this title shall not apply with respect to activities of the National 
Aeronautics and Space Administration.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this title or the 
amendments made by this title shall be construed to authorize the 
imposition of any sanction or other condition, limitation, restriction, 
or prohibition, that directly or indirectly impedes the supply by any 
entity of the Russian Federation of any product or service, or the 
procurement of such product or service by any contractor or 
subcontractor of the United States or any other entity, relating to or 
in connection with any space launch conducted for--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the National Aeronautics and Space 
        Administration; or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) any other non-Department of Defense 
        customer.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 642. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Nothing in this title or the amendments made by this title 
shall be construed--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to supersede the limitations or exceptions on 
        the use of rocket engines for national security purposes under 
        section 1608 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. ``Buck'' McKeon 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public 
        Law 113-291; 128 Stat. 3626; 10 U.S.C. 2271 note), as amended 
        by section 1607 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114-92; 129 Stat. 1100) and 
        section 1602 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 130 Stat. 2582); 
        or</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to prohibit a contractor or subcontractor of 
        the Department of Defense from acquiring components referred to 
        in such section 1608.</DELETED>

       <DELETED>TITLE VII--OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO THE RUSSIAN 
                          FEDERATION</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 701. DETERMINATION ON DESIGNATION OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION AS A STATE SPONSOR OF TERRORISM.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Determination.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
        submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
        determination of whether the Russian Federation meets the 
        criteria for designation as a state sponsor of 
        terrorism.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Form.--The determination required by paragraph 
        (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
        classified annex, if appropriate.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The 
        term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the 
        Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee 
        on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) State sponsor of terrorism.--The term ``state 
        sponsor of terrorism'' means a country the government of which 
        the Secretary of State has determined is a government that has 
        repeatedly provided support for acts of international 
        terrorism, for purposes of--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) section 1754(c)(1)(A)(i) of the Export 
                Control Reform Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 
                4813(c)(1)(A)(i));</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance 
                Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371);</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) section 40(d) of the Arms Export 
                Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)); or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) any other provision of law.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 702. EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING ORDERS OF 
              FINANCIAL CRIMES ENFORCEMENT NETWORK.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Section 5326 of title 31, United States 
Code, is amended by adding at the end the following:</DELETED>
<DELETED>    ``(e) Reporting by Title Insurance Companies.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall issue an 
        order under subsection (a) requiring a domestic title insurance 
        company to obtain, maintain, and report to the Secretary 
        information on the beneficial owners of entities that purchase 
        residential real estate in high-value transactions in which the 
        domestic title insurance company is involved.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(A) Beneficial owner.--The term 
                `beneficial owner', with respect to an entity, means an 
                individual who, directly or indirectly, owns 25 percent 
                or more of the equity interests in the 
                entity.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(B) Domestic title insurance company.--
                The term `domestic title insurance company' has the 
                meaning given that term in regulations prescribed by 
                the Secretary.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    ``(C) High-value transaction.--The term 
                `high-value', with respect to a real estate 
                transaction, has the meaning given that term in 
                regulations prescribed by the Secretary based on the 
                real estate market in which the transaction takes 
                place.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Regulations.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
prescribe regulations to carry out the amendment made by subsection 
(a).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
to be appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary to 
carry out the amendment made by subsection (a).</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 703. EXTENSION OF LIMITATIONS ON IMPORTATION OF URANIUM 
              FROM RUSSIAN FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    Section 3112A(c) of the USEC Privatization Act (42 U.S.C. 
2297h-10a(c)) is amended--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) in paragraph (2)(A)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in clause (vi), by striking ``; and'' 
                and inserting a semicolon;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in clause (vii), by striking the 
                period and inserting ``; and''; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) by adding at the end the 
                following:</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(viii) in calendar year 2021, 
                        463,620 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(ix) in calendar year 2022, 
                        456,930 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(x) in calendar year 2023, 
                        449,810 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xi) in calendar year 2024, 
                        435,933 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xii) in calendar year 2025, 
                        421,659 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xiii) in calendar year 2026, 
                        421,659 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xiv) in calendar year 2027, 
                        394,072 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xv) in calendar year 2028, 
                        386,951 kilograms;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xvi) in calendar year 2029, 
                        386,951 kilograms; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    ``(xvii) in calendar year 2030, 
                        375,791 kilograms.'';</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in paragraph (3)--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking the 
                semicolon and inserting ``; or'';</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``; 
                or'' and inserting a period; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) by striking subparagraph 
                (C);</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) in paragraph (5)(A), by striking ``reference 
        data'' and all that follows through ``2019'' and inserting the 
        following: ``lower scenario data in the document of the World 
        Nuclear Association entitled `Nuclear Fuel Report: Global 
        Scenarios for Demand and Supply Availability 2017-2035'. In 
        each of calendar years 2022, 2025, and 2028''; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) in paragraph (9), by striking ``December 31, 
        2020'' and inserting ``December 31, 2030''.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 704. ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL FUSION CENTER TO RESPOND 
              TO THREATS FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Establishment.--There is established a National Fusion 
Center to Respond to Hybrid Threats, which shall focus primarily on 
such threats from the Government of the Russian Federation, and shall 
be chaired by senior United States Government officials from 
participating agencies (in this section referred to as the 
``Center'').</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Mission.--The primary missions of the Center are as 
follows:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) To serve as the primary organization in the 
        United States Government to coordinate analysis and policy 
        implementation across the United States Government in 
        responding to hybrid threats posed by the Government of the 
        Russian Federation to the national security, sovereignty, 
        democracy, and economic activity of the United States and 
        United States allies, including the following 
        activities:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) Execution of disinformation, 
                misinformation, and propaganda campaigns through 
                traditional and social media platforms.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Formation, infiltration, or 
                manipulation of cultural, religious, educational, and 
                political organizations or parties.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) Covert transfer of illicit money 
                through shell corporations and financial institutions 
                to facilitate corruption, crime, and malign influence 
                activities, including through political parties and 
                interest groups.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Coercive tactics and gray zone 
                activities, including through para-military and para-
                police and security services and militias.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (E) Cyber and other non-traditional 
                threats, including against public infrastructure, 
                government institutions, or political organizations or 
                actors.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (F) Use of energy resources or 
                infrastructure to influence or constrain sovereign 
                states and political actors.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) To synchronize the efforts of the Department 
        of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Department of 
        Defense, the Department of Homeland Security, the intelligence 
        community, other relevant civilian United States Government 
        agencies, and United States military combatant commands with 
        respect to countering efforts by the Government of the Russian 
        Federation to undermine the national security, political 
        sovereignty, democratic institutions, and economic activity of 
        the United States and its United States allies, including by--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) ensuring that each such element is 
                aware of and coordinating on such efforts; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) overseeing the development and 
                implementation of comprehensive and integrated policy 
                responses to such efforts.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) In coordination with the head of the Global 
        Engagement Center established by section 1287 of the National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-
        328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note), to examine current and emerging 
        efforts by malign state actors to use propaganda and 
        disinformation operations, including--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) traditional media platforms such as 
                television, radio, and print; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) social media platforms and other 
                Internet communication tools.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) To identify and close gaps across the 
        departments and agencies of the Federal Government with respect 
        to expertise, readiness, and planning to address the threats 
        posed by the Government of the Russian Federation.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Reporting Requirement.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Director of the Center shall 
        submit to the appropriate congressional committees every 180 
        days a report on threats posed by the Russian Federation to the 
        national security, sovereignty, and economic activity of the 
        United States and its allies.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Matters included.--Each report under paragraph 
        (1) shall include, with respect to the period covered by the 
        report, a discussion of the following:</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) The nature, extent, and execution of 
                the threats described in such paragraph.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) The ability of the United States 
                Government to identify and defend against such 
                threats.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) The progress of the Center in 
                achieving its missions, including through coordination 
                with other governments and multilateral 
                organizations.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) Recommendations the Director 
                determines necessary for legislative actions to improve 
                the ability of the Center to achieve its 
                missions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Form.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
        annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Definitions.--In this section:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The 
        term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, 
                the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, 
                and the Committee on Finance of the Senate; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
                Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on 
                Ways and Means of the House of 
                Representatives.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Intelligence community.--The term 
        ``intelligence community'' means an element of the intelligence 
        community specified or designated under section 3(4) of the 
        National Security Act of 1947.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized 
to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this 
section.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 705. COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE FUND.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized 
to be appropriated for the Countering Russian Influence Fund described 
in section 7070(d) of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and 
Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2017 (division J of Public Law 
115-31; 131 Stat. 706), $250,000,000 for fiscal years 2020 and 
2021.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Use of Funds.--Amounts in the Countering Russian 
Influence Fund shall be used in countries of Europe and Eurasia the 
Secretary of State has determined are vulnerable to malign influence by 
the Russian Federation to effectively implement, subject to the 
availability of funds, the following goals:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) To assist in protecting critical 
        infrastructure and electoral mechanisms from 
        cyberattacks.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) To combat corruption, improve the rule of law, 
        and otherwise strengthen independent judiciaries and 
        prosecutors general offices.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) To respond to the humanitarian crises and 
        instability caused or aggravated by the invasions and 
        occupations of Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine by the Russian 
        Federation.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) To improve participatory legislative processes 
        and legal education, political transparency and competition, 
        and compliance with international obligations.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) To build the capacity of civil society, media, 
        and other nongovernmental organizations countering the 
        influence and propaganda of the Russian Federation to combat 
        corruption, prioritize access to truthful information, and 
        operate freely in all regions.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) To assist the Secretary of State in executing 
        the functions specified in section 1239(b) of the National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115-
        91; 10 U.S.C. 113 note) for the purposes of recognizing, 
        understanding, exposing, and countering propaganda and 
        disinformation efforts by foreign governments, in coordination 
        with the relevant regional Assistant Secretary or Assistant 
        Secretaries of the Department of State.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Revision of Activities for Which Amounts May Be 
Used.--The Secretary of State may modify a goal described in subsection 
(b) if, not later than 15 days before revising such goal, the Secretary 
notifies the appropriate congressional committees of the 
revision.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Implementation.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall, 
        acting through the Coordinator of United States Assistance to 
        Europe and Eurasia (authorized pursuant to section 601 of the 
        Support for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 (22 
        U.S.C. 5461) and section 102 of the Freedom for Russia and 
        Emerging Eurasian Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 
        1992 (22 U.S.C. 5812)), and in consultation with the 
        Administrator for the United States Agency for International 
        Development, the Director of the Global Engagement Center of 
        the Department of State, the Secretary of Defense, EUCOM, the 
        Chief Executive Officer of the United States Agency for Global 
        Media, and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, 
        coordinate and carry out activities to achieve the goals 
        described in subsection (b).</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Method.--Activities to achieve the goals 
        described in subsection (b) shall be carried out through--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) initiatives of the United States 
                Government;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Federal grant programs such as the 
                Information Access Fund;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) nongovernmental or international 
                organizations; or</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (D) support exchanges with countries 
                facing state-sponsored disinformation and pressure 
                campaigns, particularly in Europe and Eurasia, provided 
                that a portion of the funds are made available through 
                a process whereby the Bureau of Educational and 
                Cultural Affairs of the Department of State solicits 
                proposals from posts located in affected countries to 
                counter state-sponsored disinformation and hybrid 
                threats, promote democracy, and support exchanges with 
                countries facing state-sponsored disinformation and 
                pressure campaigns.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Report on implementation.--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) In general.--Not later than April 1 of 
                each year, the Secretary of State, acting through the 
                Coordinator of United States Assistance to Europe and 
                Eurasia, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report on the programs and activities 
                carried out to achieve the goals described in 
                subsection (b) during the preceding fiscal 
                year.</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) Elements.--Each report required by 
                subparagraph (A) shall include, with respect to each 
                program or activity described in that subparagraph--
                </DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the amount of funding for the 
                        program or activity;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the goal described in 
                        subsection (b) to which the program or activity 
                        relates; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) an assessment of whether or 
                        not the goal was met.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Coordination With Global Partners.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--In order to maximize impact, 
        eliminate duplication, and speed the achievement of the goals 
        described in subsection (b), the Secretary of State shall 
        ensure coordination with--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) the European Union and its 
                institutions;</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) the governments of countries that are 
                members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or 
                the European Union; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (C) international organizations and quasi-
                governmental funding entities that carry out programs 
                and activities that seek to accomplish the goals 
                described in subsection (b).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall 
be construed to apply to or limit United States foreign assistance not 
provided using amounts available in the Countering Russian Influence 
Fund.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (g) Expansion of Pilot Program.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall 
        expand the pilot program required under section 254(g) of the 
        Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 
        U.S.C. 9543(g)) to hire additional personnel within the Bureau 
        for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor to develop and implement 
        programs focused on combating corruption, improving rule of 
        law, and building capacity of civil society, political parties, 
        and independent media.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Report on ensuring adequate staffing for 
        governance activities.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall 
        submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives a report on implementation of the pilot program 
        required under section 254(g) of the Countering Russian 
        Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 (22 U.S.C. 
        9543(g)).</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (h) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the 
        Committee on Finance of the Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
        Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
        Means of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 706. COORDINATING AID AND ASSISTANCE ACROSS EUROPE AND 
              EURASIA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Government of the Russian Federation has 
        applied, and continues to apply traditional uses of force, 
        intelligence operations, cyber attacks, and influence 
        campaigns, including through the use of corruption, 
        disinformation, and cultural and social influence, which 
        represent clear and present threats to the countries of Europe 
        and Eurasia;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) in response, governments in Europe and Eurasia 
        should redouble efforts to build resilience within their 
        institutions, political systems, and civil societies;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) the United States Government supports the 
        democratic and rule of law-based institutions that the 
        Government of the Russian Federation seeks to undermine, 
        including the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the 
        Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the 
        European Union;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) the United States Government should continue 
        to work with and strengthen such institutions, including the 
        European Union, as a partner against aggression by the 
        Government of the Russian Federation through the coordination 
        of aid programs, development assistance, and other efforts to 
        counter malign Russian influence;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) the United States Government should continue 
        to work with the individual countries of Europe and Eurasia to 
        bolster efforts to counter malign Russian influence in all its 
        forms; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) the United States Government should increase 
        assistance and diplomatic efforts in Europe, including in 
        European Union and NATO countries, to address threats to 
        fundamental human rights and backsliding in rule of law 
        protections, operating space for independent media and civil 
        society, and other democratic institutions, whose strength is 
        critical to defending against malign Russian influence over the 
        long term.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 707. ADDRESSING ABUSE AND MISUSE BY THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION OF INTERPOL RED NOTICES AND RED 
              DIFFUSIONS.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following 
findings:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) The International Criminal Police Organization 
        (commonly known as ``INTERPOL'') works to prevent and fight 
        crime through enhanced cooperation and innovation on police and 
        security matters, including counterterrorism, cybercrime, 
        counternarcotics, and transnational organized crime.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) United States membership and participation in 
        INTERPOL advances the national security and law enforcement 
        interests of the United States related to combating 
        counterterrorism, cybercrime, counternarcotics, and combating 
        transnational organized crime.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Article 2 of INTERPOL's Constitution states 
        that the organization aims ``[t]o ensure and promote the widest 
        possible mutual assistance between all criminal police 
        authorities [. . .] in the spirit of the `Universal Declaration 
        of Human Rights'''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) Article 3 of INTERPOL's Constitution states 
        that, ``[i]t is strictly forbidden for the Organization to 
        undertake any intervention or activities of a political, 
        military, religious or racial character.''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) Independent international nongovernmental 
        organizations have documented how several INTERPOL member 
        countries, including the Government of the Russian Federation 
        and others, have used INTERPOL's processes, including the red 
        notice and red diffusion mechanisms, for activities of a 
        political character.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
the Government of the Russian Federation and the governments of certain 
other countries have repeatedly abused and misused INTERPOL's red 
notice and red diffusion mechanisms for overtly political purposes and 
activities such as harassing or persecuting political opponents, human 
rights defenders, or journalists.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Censure of Abusive Activity and Institutional 
Reforms.--The Attorney General, in coordination with the Secretary of 
State, shall use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at 
INTERPOL--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) to inform the General Secretariat about cases 
        in which countries are misusing its systems for activities of a 
        political character or other purposes contrary to INTERPOL's 
        Constitution, so that appropriate measures may be taken by 
        INTERPOL;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) to advance institutional reforms at INTERPOL, 
        including in the General Secretariat, the Commission for the 
        Control of Files, and the Notices and Diffusions Task Force 
        within the General Secretariat, to prevent member countries 
        from abusing and misusing INTERPOL's red notice and diffusion 
        mechanisms;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) to increase, to the extent practicable, 
        dedicated funding to the Commission for the Control of Files 
        and the Notices and Diffusions Task Force in order to further 
        expand operations related to the review of requests for red 
        notices and red diffusions; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) to censure member countries that repeatedly 
        abuse and misuse INTERPOL's red notice and red diffusion 
        mechanisms, including restricting the access of those countries 
        to INTERPOL's data systems.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Report on United States Support for INTERPOL 
Reforms.--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the Attorney General, shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees an unclassified report on 
        United States support for institutional reforms at INTERPOL 
        that are necessary to address abuse and misuse of INTERPOL's 
        red notice and red diffusion mechanisms.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph 
        (1) shall include--</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to the extent feasible, a description 
                of United States support for reforms that increase 
                INTERPOL's transparency with respect to--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the number of red notices and 
                        red diffusions requested by each member 
                        country;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) the number or proportion of 
                        requests for red notice or red diffusions 
                        rejected by INTERPOL, following internal 
                        review, for each member country;</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iii) how INTERPOL's General 
                        Secretariat identifies requests for red notice 
                        or red diffusions that are politically 
                        motivated or are otherwise in violation of 
                        INTERPOL's rules; and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (iv) how INTERPOL reviews and 
                        addresses cases in which a member country has 
                        abused or misused the red notice and red 
                        diffusion mechanisms for overtly political 
                        purposes; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) a list of countries that the Secretary 
                determines have repeatedly abused and misused the red 
                notice and red diffusion mechanisms for political 
                purposes.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) Public availability.--The report required by 
        paragraph (1) shall be posted on a publicly available interest 
        website of the Department of State and of the Department of 
        Justice.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Prohibition Against Action on Abusive Red Notices and 
Red Diffusions.--An official of the United States may not take any 
action against a person based solely on the issuance of an INTERPOL red 
notice or red diffusion issued by a country identified on the list 
required by paragraph (2)(B) unless the Secretary, in consultation with 
the Attorney General, determines and certifies to the appropriate 
congressional committees that the red notice or red diffusion was not 
issued for political purposes.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
        Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
        Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 708. REPORT ON ACCOUNTABILITY FOR WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES 
              AGAINST HUMANITY BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 
              SYRIA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following 
findings:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) In March 2016, Amnesty International issued a 
        report stating, ``Syrian and Russian forces have been 
        deliberately attacking health facilities in flagrant violation 
        of international humanitarian law. But what is truly egregious 
        is that wiping out hospitals appears to have become part of 
        their military strategy.''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) On September 21, 2017, Department of State 
        Spokesperson Heather Nauert said, ``The United States is 
        concerned by reports of airstrikes in Idlib province and 
        northern Hama province on September 19 and 20 that killed at 
        least three medical personnel and damaged a number of medical 
        facilities, emergency equipment, and civil defense centers. 
        These attacks fit an all-too-familiar pattern in which medical 
        facilities and personnel--and the civilians they serve--are 
        victims of strikes by the Syrian regime and its Russian 
        allies.''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) In February 2018, Syrian and Russian 
        airstrikes in rebel-held areas killed 230 civilians and hit at 
        least 9 medical facilities. In a statement on February 10, 
        2018, the office of Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein, the United Nations 
        High Commissioner for Human Rights, said the airstrikes ``may, 
        depending on the circumstances, all constitute war 
        crimes''.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) On March 6, 2018, the United Nations 
        Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian 
        Arab Republic noted, ``[I]n one particularly harmful attack on 
        13 November, the Russian Air Force carried out airstrikes on a 
        densely populated civilian area in Atareb (Aleppo), killing at 
        least 84 people and injuring another 150. Using unguided 
        weapons, the attack struck a market, police station, shops, and 
        a restaurant, and may amount to a war crime.''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Report Required.--The Secretary of State shall submit 
to the appropriate congressional committees a report on alleged war 
crimes and crimes against humanity attributable to the Government of 
the Russian Federation or paramilitary forces or contractors responsive 
to the direction of that Government during the operations of that 
Government in Syria--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) not later than 60 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) not later than 180 days after the date on 
        which the Secretary of State determines that the violence in 
        Syria has ceased.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Elements.--Each report required by subsection (b) 
shall include the following:</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) A description of alleged war crimes and crimes 
        against humanity described in subsection (b), including--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) any such alleged crimes that may 
                violate the principle of medical neutrality and, if 
                possible, an identification of the individual or 
                individuals who engaged in or organized such crimes; 
                and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) if possible, a description of the 
                conventional and unconventional weapons used for such 
                alleged crimes and the origins of such 
                weapons.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) An assessment of whether such alleged crimes 
        constitute war crimes or crimes against humanity, including 
        genocide.</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) A description and assessment by the Office of 
        Global Criminal Justice of the Department of State, the United 
        States Agency for International Development, the Department of 
        Justice, and other appropriate Federal agencies, of programs 
        that the United States Government has undertaken to ensure 
        accountability for such alleged crimes, including programs--
        </DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (A) to train investigators within and 
                outside of Syria on how to document, investigate, 
                develop findings with respect to, and identify and 
                locate alleged perpetrators of, such alleged crimes, 
                including--</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (i) the number of United States 
                        Government or contractor personnel currently 
                        designated to work full-time on such training; 
                        and</DELETED>
                        <DELETED>    (ii) an identification of the 
                        authorities and appropriations being used to 
                        support such training; and</DELETED>
                <DELETED>    (B) to document, collect, preserve, and 
                protect evidence of such alleged crimes, including 
                support for Syrian, foreign, and international 
                nongovernmental organizations, and other entities, 
                including the International, Impartial and Independent 
                Mechanism to Assist in the Investigation and 
                Prosecution of Persons Responsible for the Most Serious 
                Crimes under International Law Committed in the Syrian 
                Arab Republic since March 2011 and the Independent 
                International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab 
                Republic of the United Nations.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (d) Protection of Witnesses and Evidence.--In preparing 
the report required by subsection (b), the Secretary shall take due 
care to ensure that the identities of witnesses and physical evidence 
are not publicly disclosed in a manner that might place such witnesses 
at risk of harm or encourage the destruction of such evidence by the 
Government of the Russian Federation or the Government of Syria, 
violent extremist groups, anti-government forces, or any other 
combatants or participants in the conflict in Syria.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (e) Form.--Each report required by subsection (b) may be 
submitted in unclassified or classified form, but shall include a 
publicly available annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the 
        Committee on Finance of the Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
        Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
        Means of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 709. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 
              SYRIA.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and leadership 
a report that includes--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) an assessment of the willingness and capacity 
        of the Government of the Russian Federation to ensure the 
        removal of Iranian forces, Iran-aligned and Iran-directed 
        militias and paramilitaries, and other armed group responsive 
        to the direction of Iran, from the territory of 
        Syria;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) a list of policies, actions, or activities 
        that the Government of the Russian Federation would take if 
        that Government were willing to ensure the removal of the 
        forces, militias, paramilitaries, and other armed groups 
        described in paragraph (1) from the territory of 
        Syria;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) a list of policies, actions, or activities 
        that the Government of the Russian Federation would take to 
        ensure the removal of the forces, militias, paramilitaries, and 
        other armed groups described in paragraph (1) from the 
        territory of Syria if that Government were capable of doing 
        so;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (4) an assessment of whether any of the policies, 
        actions, or activities described in paragraph (2) or (3) are 
        being taken by the Government of the Russian 
        Federation;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (5) an assessment of the specific commitments made 
        by officials of the Government of the Russian Federation to 
        officials of the Government of Israel with respect to the Golan 
        Heights and the presence of the forces, militias, 
        paramilitaries, and other armed groups described in paragraph 
        (1) in the territory of Syria;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (6) an assessment of weapons, technologies, and 
        knowledge directly or indirectly transferred by the Government 
        of the Russian Federation to the regime of Bashar al-Assad, 
        Lebanese Hezbollah, Iran, or Iran-aligned forces in Syria that 
        threaten the security and qualitative military edge of Israel; 
        and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (7) an assessment of whether the presence of 
        Russian forces and Russian contractors in Syria limits the 
        options of the Government of Israel in taking steps to ensure 
        its security from threats emanating from the territory of 
        Syria.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in an unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees and Leadership 
Defined.--In this section, the term ``appropriate congressional 
committees and leadership'' means--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the 
        majority and minority leaders of the Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
        Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and 
        Means, and the Speaker, the majority leader, and the minority 
        leader of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 710. REPORT ON THE ASSASSINATION OF BORIS 
              NEMTSOV.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with 
the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees and leadership a report detailing the 
circumstances of the assassination on February 27, 2015, of Russian 
opposition leader Boris Nemtsov, including--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) a list of the individuals the Secretary 
        determines to have been involved in the assassination as 
        perpetrators or as having organized or directed the 
        assassination;</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) a description of what measures, if any, have 
        been taken by the Government of the Russian Federation to 
        investigate the assassination and bring the individuals 
        described in paragraph (1) to justice; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of those 
        measures.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in an unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees and Leadership 
Defined.--In this section, the term ``appropriate congressional 
committees and leadership'' means--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee 
        on Finance, and the majority and minority leaders of the 
        Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
        Committee on Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and 
        Means, and the Speaker, the majority leader, and the minority 
        leader of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 711. REPORT ON THE PERSONAL NET WORTH AND ASSETS OF 
              VLADIMIR PUTIN.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a detailed report on 
the personal net worth and assets of the President of the Russian 
Federation, Vladimir Putin, including--</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the estimated net worth and known sources of 
        income of Vladimir Putin and his family members, including 
        assets, investments, bank accounts, other business interests, 
        and relevant beneficial ownership information; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) an identification of the most significant 
        senior foreign political figures and oligarchs in the Russian 
        Federation, as determined by their closeness to Vladimir 
        Putin.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (b) Form of Report.--The report required under subsection 
(a) shall be submitted in an unclassified form but may include a 
classified annex.</DELETED>
<DELETED>    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this 
section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
        Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the 
        Committee on Finance of the Senate; and</DELETED>
        <DELETED>    (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
        Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
        Means of the House of Representatives.</DELETED>

<DELETED>SEC. 712. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON RESPONSIBILITY OF TECHNOLOGY 
              COMPANIES FOR STATE-SPONSORED DISINFORMATION.</DELETED>

<DELETED>    It is the sense of Congress that technology companies, 
particularly social media companies, share responsibility for ensuring 
that their platforms are free of disinformation sponsored by the 
Government of the Russian Federation and other foreign 
governments.</DELETED>

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Defending American 
Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Sense of Congress.
Sec. 3. Statement of policy on Crimea.

    TITLE I--MATTERS RELATING TO NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION

      Subtitle A--Opposition of the Senate to Withdrawal From NATO

Sec. 101. Opposition of the Senate to withdrawal from North Atlantic 
                            Treaty.
Sec. 102. Limitation on use of funds.
Sec. 103. Authorization for Senate Legal Counsel to represent Senate in 
                            opposition to withdrawal from the North 
                            Atlantic Treaty.
Sec. 104. Reporting requirement.

              Subtitle B--Strengthening the NATO Alliance

Sec. 111. Report on NATO alliance resilience and United States 
                            diplomatic posture.
Sec. 112. Expedited NATO excess defense articles transfer program.
Sec. 113. Protection of NATO from harmful defense systems.
Sec. 114. Definitions.

         TITLE II--MATTERS RELATING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

               Subtitle A--Public Diplomacy Modernization

Sec. 201. Avoiding duplication of programs and efforts.
Sec. 202. Improving research and evaluation of public diplomacy.

                       Subtitle B--Other Matters

Sec. 211. Department of State responsibilities with respect to 
                            cyberspace policy.
Sec. 212. Enhanced hiring authority for Department of State.
Sec. 213. Sense of Congress.

              TITLE III--CHEMICAL WEAPONS NONPROLIFERATION

Sec. 301. Short title.
Sec. 302. Findings.
Sec. 303. Statement of policy.
Sec. 304. Report on production and use of chemical and biological 
                            weapons by the Russian Federation.
Sec. 305. Authorization of appropriations.
Sec. 306. Chemical Weapons Convention defined.

           TITLE IV--INTERNATIONAL CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT

Sec. 401. Short title.
Sec. 402. Predicate offenses.
Sec. 403. Forfeiture.
Sec. 404. Shutting down botnets.
Sec. 405. Aggravated damage to a critical infrastructure computer.
Sec. 406. Stopping trafficking in botnets; forfeiture.

                TITLE V--COMBATING ELECTION INTERFERENCE

Sec. 501. Prohibition on interference with voting systems.
Sec. 502. Inadmissibility of aliens seeking to interfere in United 
                            States elections.

       TITLE VI--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

   Subtitle A--Expansion of Countering America's Adversaries Through 
                             Sanctions Act

Sec. 601. Sense of Congress on role of sanctions.
Sec. 602. Sanctions related to interference of the Russian Federation 
                            with democratic processes and elections.
Sec. 603. Sanctions relating to the actions of the Russian Federation 
                            with respect to Ukraine.
Sec. 604. Conforming and technical amendments.

   Subtitle B--Expansion of Sanctions Relating to Human Rights Abuses

Sec. 611. Imposition of sanctions with respect to assassinations 
                            committed by the Russian Federation within 
                            the territory of the United States or NATO 
                            member countries.
Sec. 612. Repeal of sunset for Global Magnitsky Human Rights 
                            Accountability Act.
Sec. 613. Congressional review and continued applicability of sanctions 
                            under the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law 
                            Accountability Act of 2012.

            Subtitle C--Coordination With the European Union

Sec. 621. Sense of Congress on coordination with allies with respect to 
                            sanctions with respect to the Russian 
                            Federation.
Sec. 622. Office of Sanctions Coordination of the Department of State.
Sec. 623. Report on coordination of sanctions between the United States 
                            and European Union.

 Subtitle D--Reports Relating to Sanctions With Respect to the Russian 
                               Federation

Sec. 631. Definitions.
Sec. 632. Updated report on oligarchs and parastatal entities of the 
                            Russian Federation.
Sec. 633. Report on section 224 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
                            Through Sanctions Act.
Sec. 634. Report on section 225 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
                            Through Sanctions Act.
Sec. 635. Report on section 226 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
                            Through Sanctions Act.
Sec. 636. Report on section 228 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
                            Through Sanctions Act.
Sec. 637. Report on section 233 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
                            Through Sanctions Act.
Sec. 638. Report on section 234 of the Countering America's Adversaries 
                            Through Sanctions Act.

                     Subtitle E--General Provisions

Sec. 651. Exception relating to activities of the National Aeronautics 
                            and Space Administration.
Sec. 652. Rule of construction.

      TITLE VII--OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Sec. 701. Determination on designation of the Russian Federation as a 
                            state sponsor of terrorism.
Sec. 702. Expansion of geographic targeting orders of Financial Crimes 
                            Enforcement Network.
Sec. 703. Sense of Congress on extension of limitations on importation 
                            of uranium from Russian Federation.
Sec. 704. Establishment of a National Fusion Center to respond to 
                            threats from the Government of the Russian 
                            Federation.
Sec. 705. Countering Russian Influence Fund.
Sec. 706. Coordinating aid and assistance across Europe and Eurasia.
Sec. 707. Addressing abuse and misuse by the Russian Federation of 
                            INTERPOL red notices and red diffusions.
Sec. 708. Report on accountability for war crimes and crimes against 
                            humanity by the Russian Federation in 
                            Syria.
Sec. 709. Report on activities of the Russian Federation in Syria.
Sec. 710. Report on the assassination of Boris Nemtsov.
Sec. 711. Report on the personal net worth and assets of Vladimir 
                            Putin.
Sec. 712. Report on the threat posed by Russian national Yevgeniy 
                            Prigozhin and his affiliated structures to 
                            United States national security.
Sec. 713. Statement of policy on violations of LGBTI human rights.
Sec. 714. Addressing obstruction by the Russian Federation of 
                            multilateral action through the United 
                            Nations Security Council.
Sec. 715. Sense of Congress on responsibility of technology companies 
                            for state-sponsored disinformation.
Sec. 716. Sense of Congress on political prisoners in the Russian 
                            Federation.
Sec. 717. Sense of Congress on policy with respect to the Russian 
                            Federation in Africa.

SEC. 2. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the President should immediately marshal and support a 
        whole-of-government response by Federal agencies to address the 
        threat posed by the Government of the Russian Federation and to 
        work to prevent interference by that Government and other 
        foreign state actors in United States institutions and 
        democratic processes;
            (2) the President should publicly call for the Government 
        of the Russian Federation to return Crimea to the control of 
        the Government of Ukraine, end its support for Russian-led 
        forces violence in eastern Ukraine, end its occupation of and 
        support for Russian-led forces on the territory of Georgia and 
        Moldova, and cease enabling the brutal regime of Bashar al-
        Assad in Syria to commit war crimes;
            (3) the Russian Federation should abide by its commitments 
        to freedom of navigation in international waters and allow for 
        passage of Ukrainian vessels through the strait;
            (4) the President should unequivocally condemn and counter 
        the ongoing interference in United States institutions and 
        democratic processes by the President of the Russian 
        Federation, Vladimir Putin, his government, and affiliates of 
        his government;
            (5) the conclusion of the United States intelligence 
        community and law enforcement agencies and other United States 
        Government officials that the Russian Federation has 
        perpetrated, and continues to perpetrate, such interference, is 
        correct;
            (6) the United States should continue to participate 
        actively as a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
        by--
                    (A) upholding the Organization's core principles of 
                collective defense, democratic rule of law, and 
                peaceful settlement of disputes;
                    (B) boosting coordination and deterrence capacity 
                among member countries; and
                    (C) supporting accession processes of prospective 
                member countries who meet the obligations of 
                membership.
            (7) Congress reiterates its strong support for the Russia 
        Sanctions Review Act of 2017 (22 U.S.C. 9511), which allows for 
        congressional review of an action to waive the application of 
        sanctions under the provisions of the Countering America's 
        Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 
        886) relating to the Russian Federation or a licensing action 
        that significantly alters United States foreign policy with 
        regard to the Russian Federation; and
            (8) sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian 
        Federation have been most effective when developed and 
        coordinated in close consultation with the European Union.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON CRIMEA.

    It is the policy of the United States that--
            (1) the United States will never recognize the illegal 
        attempted annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, 
        similar to the 1940 Welles Declaration in which the United 
        States refused to recognized the Soviet annexation of the 
        Baltic States;
            (2) Crimea is part of the sovereign territory of Ukraine;
            (3) Crimea is part of Ukraine and the United States rejects 
        attempts to change the status, demographics, or political 
        nature of Crimea;
            (4) the United States reaffirms its unwavering support for 
        democracy, human rights, and the rule of law for all 
        individuals in Crimea, including non-Russian ethnic groups and 
        religious minorities;
            (5) the United States condemns all human rights violations 
        against individuals in Crimea, and underscores the culpability 
        of the Government of the Russian Federation for such violations 
        while the territory of Crimea is under illegal Russian 
        occupation;
            (6) the United States, in coordination with the European 
        Union, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and members of 
        the international community, should prioritize efforts to 
        prevent the further consolidation of illegal occupying powers 
        in Crimea, reaffirm unified opposition to the actions of the 
        Russian Federation in Crimea, and secure the human rights of 
        individuals there; and
            (7) the United States welcomes the sanctions that have been 
        imposed and maintained as of the date of the enactment of this 
        Act by the United States and the European Union against persons 
        engaged in furthering the illegal occupation of Crimea by the 
        Russian Federation.

    TITLE I--MATTERS RELATING TO NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION

      Subtitle A--Opposition of the Senate to Withdrawal From NATO

SEC. 101. OPPOSITION OF THE SENATE TO WITHDRAWAL FROM NORTH ATLANTIC 
              TREATY.

    The Senate opposes any effort to withdraw the United States from 
the North Atlantic Treaty, done at Washington, D.C., April 4, 1949.

SEC. 102. LIMITATION ON USE OF FUNDS.

    No funds authorized or appropriated by any Act may be used to 
support, directly or indirectly, any efforts on the part of any United 
States Government official to take steps to withdraw the United States 
from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at Washington, D.C., April 4, 
1949, until such time as the Senate passes, by an affirmative vote of 
two-thirds of Members, a resolution advising and consenting to the 
withdrawal of the United States from the treaty.

SEC. 103. AUTHORIZATION FOR SENATE LEGAL COUNSEL TO REPRESENT SENATE IN 
              OPPOSITION TO WITHDRAWAL FROM THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY.

    The Senate Legal Counsel is authorized to represent the Senate in 
initiating or intervening in any judicial proceedings in any Federal 
court of competent jurisdiction, on behalf of the Senate, in order to 
oppose any withdrawal of the United States from the North Atlantic 
Treaty in the absence of the passage by the Senate of a resolution 
described in section 102.

SEC. 104. REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

    The Senate Legal Counsel shall report as soon as practicable to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate with respect to any 
judicial proceedings which the Senate Legal Counsel initiates or in 
which it intervenes pursuant to this title.

              Subtitle B--Strengthening the NATO Alliance

SEC. 111. REPORT ON NATO ALLIANCE RESILIENCE AND UNITED STATES 
              DIPLOMATIC POSTURE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall submit a 
report to the appropriate congressional committees providing an 
assessment of the threats and challenges facing the NATO alliance and 
United States diplomatic posture.
    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
include the following elements:
            (1) A review of current and emerging United States national 
        security interests in the NATO area of responsibility.
            (2) A review of current United States political and 
        diplomatic engagement and political-military coordination with 
        NATO and NATO member states.
            (3) Options for the realignment of United States engagement 
        with NATO to respond to new threats and challenges presented by 
        the Government of the Russian Federation to the NATO alliance, 
        as well as new opportunities presented by allies and partners.
            (4) The views of counterpart governments, including heads 
        of state, heads of government, political leaders, and military 
        commanders in the region.

SEC. 112. EXPEDITED NATO EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLES TRANSFER PROGRAM.

    (a) Report.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment 
of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report with recommendations regarding the need for and 
suitability of transferring excess defense articles under this section 
to countries in the NATO alliance, with particular emphasis on the 
foreign policy benefits as it pertains to those member states currently 
purchasing defense articles or services from the Russian Federation.
    (b) Period for Review by Congress of Recommendations for EDA 
Transfer to NATO Members.--During the 30-calendar day period following 
submission by the Secretary of Defense of the report required under 
subsection (a), the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives shall, 
as appropriate, hold hearings and briefings and otherwise obtain 
information in order to fully review the recommendations included in 
the report.
    (c) Transfer Authority.--The President is authorized to transfer 
such excess defense articles in a fiscal year as the Secretary of 
Defense recommends pursuant to this section to countries for which 
receipt of such articles was justified pursuant to the annual 
congressional presentation documents for military assistance programs, 
or for which receipt of such articles was separately justified to 
Congress, for such fiscal year.
    (d) Limitations on Transfers.--The President may transfer excess 
defense articles under this section only if--
            (1) such articles are drawn from existing stocks of the 
        Department of Defense;
            (2) funds available to the Department of Defense for the 
        procurement of defense equipment are not expended in connection 
        with the transfer;
            (3) the President determines that the transfer of such 
        articles will not have an adverse impact on the military 
        readiness of the United States;
            (4) with respect to a proposed transfer of such articles on 
        a grant basis, the President determines that the transfer is 
        preferable to a transfer on a sales basis, after taking into 
        account the potential proceeds from, and likelihood of, such 
        sales, and the comparative foreign policy benefits that may 
        accrue to the United States as the result of a transfer on 
        either a grant or sales basis; and
            (5) the President determines that the transfer of such 
        articles will not have an adverse impact on the national 
        technology and industrial base and, particularly, will not 
        reduce the opportunities of entities in the national technology 
        and industrial base to sell new or used equipment to the 
        countries to which such articles are transferred.
    (e) Terms of Transfers.--
            (1) No cost to recipient country.--Excess defense articles 
        may be transferred under this section without cost to the 
        recipient country.
            (2) Priority.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
        the delivery of excess defense articles under this section to 
        member countries of NATO that still purchase defense goods and 
        services from the Russian Federation and pledge to decrease 
        such purchases shall be given priority to the maximum extent 
        feasible over the delivery of such excess defense articles to 
        other countries.
            (3) Transportation and related costs.--
                    (A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph 
                (B), funds available to the Department of Defense may 
                not be expended for crating, packing, handling, and 
                transportation of excess defense articles transferred 
                under the authority of this section.
                    (B) Exception.--The President may provide for the 
                transportation of excess defense articles without 
                charge to a country for the costs of such 
                transportation if--
                            (i) it is determined that it is in the 
                        national interest of the United States to do 
                        so;
                            (ii) the recipient is a NATO member state 
                        currently purchasing defense goods and services 
                        from the Russian Federation that has pledged to 
                        reduce such purchases;
                            (iii) the total weight of the transfer does 
                        not exceed 50,000 pounds; and
                            (iv) such transportation is accomplished on 
                        a space available basis.

SEC. 113. PROTECTION OF NATO FROM HARMFUL DEFENSE SYSTEMS.

    The United States mission to NATO shall pursue an agreement that 
NATO members will not acquire defense technology incompatible with the 
security of NATO systems.

SEC. 114. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
                Committee on Armed Services, and the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Armed Services, and the Committee on Appropriations 
                of the House of Representatives.
            (2) NATO.--The term ``NATO'' means the North Atlantic 
        Treaty Organization.

         TITLE II--MATTERS RELATING TO THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE

               Subtitle A--Public Diplomacy Modernization

SEC. 201. AVOIDING DUPLICATION OF PROGRAMS AND EFFORTS.

    The Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs of the 
Department of State shall--
            (1) identify opportunities for greater efficiency of 
        operations, including through improved coordination of efforts 
        across public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the Department; 
        and
            (2) maximize shared use of resources between, and within, 
        such public diplomacy bureaus and offices in cases in which 
        programs, facilities, or administrative functions are 
        duplicative or substantially overlapping.

SEC. 202. IMPROVING RESEARCH AND EVALUATION OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State shall--
            (1) conduct regular research and evaluation of public 
        diplomacy programs and activities of the Department, including 
        through the routine use of audience research, digital 
        analytics, and impact evaluations, to plan and execute such 
        programs and activities; and
            (2) make the findings of the research and evaluations 
        conducted under paragraph (1) available to Congress.
    (b) Director of Research and Evaluation.--
            (1) Appointment.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall appoint a 
        Director of Research and Evaluation in the Office of Policy, 
        Planning, and Resources for the Under Secretary for Public 
        Diplomacy and Public Affairs.
            (2) Limitation on appointment.--The appointment of a 
        Director of Research and Evaluation pursuant to paragraph (1) 
        shall not result in an increase in the overall full-time 
        equivalent positions within the Department.
            (3) Responsibilities.--The Director of Research and 
        Evaluation shall--
                    (A) coordinate and oversee the research and 
                evaluation of public diplomacy programs of the 
                Department of State--
                            (i) to improve public diplomacy strategies 
                        and tactics; and
                            (ii) to ensure that programs are increasing 
                        the knowledge, understanding, and trust of the 
                        United States among relevant target audiences;
                    (B) report to the Director of Policy and Planning 
                in the Office of Policy, Planning, and Resources under 
                the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public 
                Affairs of the Department;
                    (C) routinely organize and oversee audience 
                research, digital analytics, and impact evaluations 
                across all public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the 
                Department;
                    (D) support embassy public affairs sections;
                    (E) share appropriate public diplomacy research and 
                evaluation information within the Department and with 
                other Federal departments and agencies;
                    (F) regularly design and coordinate standardized 
                research questions, methodologies, and procedures to 
                ensure that public diplomacy activities across all 
                public diplomacy bureaus and offices are designed to 
                meet appropriate foreign policy objectives; and
                    (G) report biannually to the United States Advisory 
                Commission on Public Diplomacy, through the 
                Commission's Subcommittee on Research and Evaluation 
                established pursuant to subsection (f), regarding the 
                research and evaluation of all public diplomacy bureaus 
                and offices of the Department.
            (4) Guidance and training.--Not later than one year after 
        the appointment of the Director of Research and Evaluation 
        pursuant to paragraph (1), the Director shall create guidance 
        and training for all public diplomacy officers regarding the 
        reading and interpretation of public diplomacy program 
        evaluation findings to ensure that such findings and lessons 
        learned are implemented in the planning and evaluation of all 
        public diplomacy programs and activities throughout the 
        Department.
    (c) Prioritizing Research and Evaluation.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of Policy, Planning, and 
        Resources shall ensure that research and evaluation, as 
        coordinated and overseen by the Director of Research and 
        Evaluation, supports strategic planning and resource allocation 
        across all public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the 
        Department.
            (2) Allocation of resources.--Amounts allocated for the 
        purposes of research and evaluation of public diplomacy 
        programs and activities pursuant to subsection (a) shall be 
        made available to be disbursed at the direction of the Director 
        of Research and Evaluation among the research and evaluation 
        staff across all public diplomacy bureaus and offices of the 
        Department.
            (3) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and 
                Public Affairs of the Department of State should 
                coordinate the human and financial resources that 
                support the Department's public diplomacy and public 
                affairs programs and activities;
                    (B) proposals or plans related to resource 
                allocations for public diplomacy bureaus and offices 
                should be routed through the Office of the Under 
                Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs for 
                review and clearance; and
                    (C) the Department should allocate, for the 
                purposes of research and evaluation of public diplomacy 
                activities and programs pursuant to subsection (a)--
                            (i) 3 to 5 percent of program funds made 
                        available under the heading ``Educational and 
                        Cultural Exchange Programs''; and
                            (ii) 3 to 5 percent of program funds 
                        allocated for public diplomacy programs under 
                        the heading ``Diplomatic and Consular 
                        Programs''.
    (d) Limited Exemption.--Chapter 35 of title 44, United States Code 
(commonly known as the ``Paperwork Reduction Act'') shall not apply to 
collections of information directed at foreign individuals conducted 
by, or on behalf of, the Department of State for the purpose of 
audience research, monitoring, and evaluations, and in connection with 
the Department's activities conducted pursuant to the United States 
Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 (22 U.S.C. 1431 et 
seq.), the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 
U.S.C. 2451 et seq.), section 1287 of the National Defense 
Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 
2656 note), or the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et 
seq.).
    (e) Limited Exemption to the Privacy Act.--The Department shall 
maintain, collect, use, and disseminate records (as such term is 
defined in section 552a(a)(4) of title 5, United States Code) for 
research and data analysis of public diplomacy efforts intended for 
foreign audiences. Such research and data analysis shall be reasonably 
tailored to meet the purposes of this subsection and shall be carried 
out with due regard for privacy and civil liberties guidance and 
oversight.
    (f) Advisory Commission on Public Diplomacy.--
            (1) Subcommittee for research and evaluation.--The Advisory 
        Commission on Public Diplomacy shall establish a Subcommittee 
        for Research and Evaluation to monitor and advise on the 
        research and evaluation activities of the Department and the 
        United States Agency for Global Media.
            (2) Report.--The Subcommittee for Research and Evaluation 
        established pursuant to paragraph (1) shall submit an annual 
        report to Congress in conjunction with the Commission on Public 
        Diplomacy's Comprehensive Annual Report on the performance of 
        the Department and the United States Agency for Global Media in 
        carrying out research and evaluations of their respective 
        public diplomacy programming.
            (3) Repeal of sunset.--Section 1334 of the Foreign Affairs 
        Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6553) is hereby 
        repealed.
    (g) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Audience research.--The term ``audience research'' 
        means research conducted at the outset of a public diplomacy 
        program or campaign planning and design on specific audience 
        segments to understand the attitudes, interests, knowledge, and 
        behaviors of such audience segments.
            (2) Digital analytics.--The term ``digital analytics'' 
        means the analysis of qualitative and quantitative data, 
        accumulated in digital format, to indicate the outputs and 
        outcomes of a public diplomacy program or campaign.
            (3) Impact evaluation.--The term ``impact evaluation'' 
        means an assessment of the changes in the audience targeted by 
        a public diplomacy program or campaign that can be attributed 
        to such program or campaign.
            (4) Public diplomacy bureaus and offices.--The term 
        ``public diplomacy bureaus and offices'' means the Bureau of 
        Educational and Cultural Affairs, the Bureau of Public Affairs, 
        the Office of Policy, Planning, and Resources, the Global 
        Engagement Center, and the public diplomacy functions within 
        the regional and functional bureaus.

                       Subtitle B--Other Matters

SEC. 211. DEPARTMENT OF STATE RESPONSIBILITIES WITH RESPECT TO 
              CYBERSPACE POLICY.

    (a) Office of Cyberspace and the Digital Economy.--Section 1 of the 
State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Office of Cyberspace and the Digital Economy.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is established, within the 
        Department of State, an Office of Cyberspace and the Digital 
        Economy (referred to in this subsection as the `Office'). The 
        head of the Office shall have the rank and status of ambassador 
        and shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice 
        and consent of the Senate.
            ``(2) Duties.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The head of the Office shall 
                perform such duties and exercise such powers as the 
                Secretary of State shall prescribe, including 
                implementing the United States international cyberspace 
                policy strategy issued by the Department of State in 
                March 2016 pursuant to section 402 of the Cybersecurity 
                Act of 2015 (division N of Public Law 114-113; 129 
                Stat. 2978).
                    ``(B) Duties described.--The principal duties and 
                responsibilities of the head of the Office shall be--
                            ``(i) to serve as the principal cyber 
                        policy official within the senior management of 
                        the Department of State and as the advisor to 
                        the Secretary of State for cyber issues;
                            ``(ii) to lead the Department of State's 
                        diplomatic cyberspace efforts, including 
                        efforts relating to international 
                        cybersecurity, Internet access, Internet 
                        freedom, digital economy, cybercrime, 
                        deterrence and international responses to cyber 
                        threats, and other issues that the Secretary 
                        assigns to the Office;
                            ``(iii) to promote an open, interoperable, 
                        reliable, unfettered, and secure information 
                        and communications technology infrastructure 
                        for all critical infrastructure globally;
                            ``(iv) to represent the Secretary of State 
                        in interagency efforts to develop and advance 
                        cyberspace policy described in subparagraph 
                        (A);
                            ``(v) to coordinate cyberspace efforts and 
                        other relevant functions, including countering 
                        terrorists' use of cyberspace, within the 
                        Department of State and with other components 
                        of the United States Government;
                            ``(vi) to act as a liaison to public and 
                        private sector entities on relevant cyberspace 
                        issues;
                            ``(vii) to lead United States Government 
                        efforts to establish a global deterrence 
                        framework;
                            ``(viii) to develop and execute adversary-
                        specific strategies to influence adversary 
                        decisionmaking through the imposition of costs 
                        and deterrence strategies;
                            ``(ix) to advise the Secretary and 
                        coordinate with foreign governments on external 
                        responses to national security level cyber 
                        incidents, including coordination on diplomatic 
                        response efforts to support allies threatened 
                        by malicious cyber activity, in conjunction 
                        with members of the North Atlantic Treaty 
                        Organization and other like-minded countries;
                            ``(x) to promote the adoption of national 
                        processes and programs that enable threat 
                        detection, prevention, and response to 
                        malicious cyber activity emanating from the 
                        territory of a foreign country, including as 
                        such activity relates to the European allies of 
                        the United States, as appropriate;
                            ``(xi) to promote the building of foreign 
                        capacity to protect the global network with the 
                        goal of enabling like-minded participation in 
                        deterrence frameworks;
                            ``(xii) to promote the maintenance of an 
                        open and interoperable Internet governed by the 
                        multi-stakeholder model, instead of by 
                        centralized government control;
                            ``(xiii) to promote an international 
                        regulatory environment for technology 
                        investments and the Internet that benefits 
                        United States economic and national security 
                        interests;
                            ``(xiv) to promote cross border flow of 
                        data and combat international initiatives 
                        seeking to impose unreasonable requirements on 
                        United States businesses;
                            ``(xv) to promote international policies to 
                        protect the integrity of United States and 
                        international telecommunications infrastructure 
                        from foreign-based, cyber-enabled threats;
                            ``(xvi) to serve as the interagency 
                        coordinator for the United States Government on 
                        engagement with foreign governments on 
                        cyberspace and digital economy issues described 
                        in the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
                        Aggression Act of 2019;
                            ``(xvii) to promote international policies 
                        to secure radio frequency spectrum for United 
                        States businesses and national security needs;
                            ``(xviii) to promote and protect the 
                        exercise of human rights, including freedom of 
                        speech and religion, through the Internet;
                            ``(xix) to build capacity of United States 
                        diplomatic officials to engage on cyber issues;
                            ``(xx) to encourage the development and 
                        adoption by foreign countries of 
                        internationally recognized standards, policies, 
                        and best practices;
                            ``(xxi) to promote and advance 
                        international policies that protect 
                        individuals' private data; and
                            ``(xxii) to promote international efforts 
                        to protect financial institutions and 
                        cryptocurrency exchanges from cyber theft.
            ``(3) Qualifications.--The head of the Office should be an 
        individual of demonstrated competency in the fields of--
                    ``(A) cybersecurity and other relevant cyber 
                issues; and
                    ``(B) international diplomacy.
            ``(4) Organizational placement.--
                    ``(A) Initial placement.--During the 4-year period 
                beginning on the date of the enactment of the Defending 
                American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019, 
                the head of the Office shall report to the Under 
                Secretary for Political Affairs or to an official 
                holding a higher position than the Under Secretary for 
                Political Affairs in the Department of State.
                    ``(B) Subsequent placement.--After the conclusion 
                of the 4-year period referred to in subparagraph (A), 
                the head of the Office shall report to--
                            ``(i) an appropriate Under Secretary; or
                            ``(ii) an official holding a higher 
                        position than Under Secretary.
            ``(5) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may 
        be construed to preclude--
                    ``(A) the Office from being elevated to a Bureau 
                within the Department of State; or
                    ``(B) the head of the Office from being elevated to 
                an Assistant Secretary, if such an Assistant Secretary 
                position does not increase the number of Assistant 
                Secretary positions at the Department above the number 
                authorized under subsection (c)(1).''.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Office 
of Cyberspace and the Digital Economy established under section 1(g) of 
the State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, as added by 
subsection (a)--
            (1) should be a Bureau of the Department of State headed by 
        an Assistant Secretary, subject to the rule of construction 
        specified in paragraph (5)(B) of such section 1(g); and
            (2) should coordinate with other bureaus of the Department 
        of State and use all tools at the disposal of the Office to 
        combat activities taken by the Russian Federation, or on behalf 
        of the Russian Federation, to undermine the cybersecurity and 
        democratic values of the United States and other nations.
    (c) United Nations.--The Permanent Representative of the United 
States to the United Nations should use the voice, vote, and influence 
of the United States to oppose any measure that is inconsistent with 
the United States international cyberspace policy strategy issued by 
the Department of State in March 2016 pursuant to section 402 of the 
Cybersecurity Act of 2015 (division N of Public Law 114-113; 129 Stat. 
2978).

SEC. 212. ENHANCED HIRING AUTHORITY FOR DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Agency.--The term ``agency'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 5721 of title 5, United States Code.
            (2) Appropriation.--The term ``appropriation'' includes 
        funds made available by statute and under section 9104 of title 
        31, United States Code.
            (3) Schedule a.--The term ``Schedule A'' means positions 
        other than those of a confidential or policy-determining 
        character for which it is impracticable to examine, pursuant to 
        section 213.3101 of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
        successor regulation.
    (b) Authority.--
            (1) In general.--Subject to the availability of 
        appropriations, the Secretary of State may procure the services 
        of Schedule A employees in the amount and for the offices 
        specified in paragraph (2) for the purpose of hiring 
        individuals with special qualifications, including prior work 
        experience involving economic or financial sanctions, for the 
        development and implementation of economic and financial 
        sanctions.
            (2) Assignment of schedule a employees.--Using the 
        authority provided under paragraph (1), the Secretary of State 
        may procure the services of--
                    (A) not to exceed 5 Schedule A employees for the 
                Office of Sanctions Coordination to be established 
                pursuant to subsection (h) of section 1 of the State 
                Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 
                2651a), as added by section 612; and
                    (B) not to exceed 15 Schedule A employees for the 
                Counter Threat Finance and Sanctions component of the 
                Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs (EB/TFS).
    (c) Limitation.--Positions in the Senior Executive Service may not 
be filled using the authority provided under subsection (b).
    (d) Equal Opportunity and Non-discrimination.--The Secretary of 
State shall ensure compliance with equal opportunity and other non-
discrimination regulations of the United States Government in 
exercising the authority provided under subsection (b).
    (e) Report.--The Secretary of State shall report to the Office of 
Personnel Management on an annual basis with respect to the number of 
Schedule A employees employed by the Department of State using the 
authority provided under subsection (b).

SEC. 213. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States Agency for Global Media and its 
        grantee networks have a critical mission to inform, engage, and 
        connect people around the world in support of freedom and 
        democracy; and
            (2) those networks must adhere to professional journalistic 
        standards and integrity and not engage in disinformation 
        activities.

              TITLE III--CHEMICAL WEAPONS NONPROLIFERATION

SEC. 301. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``Chemical Weapons Nonproliferation 
Act of 2019''.

SEC. 302. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The international norm against the use of chemical 
        weapons has severely eroded since 2012. At least 4 actors 
        between 2012 and the date of the enactment of this Act have 
        used chemical weapons: Syria, North Korea, the Russian 
        Federation, and the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant in 
        Iraq and Syria.
            (2) On March 4, 2018, the Government of the Russian 
        Federation knowingly used novichok, a lethal chemical agent, in 
        an attempt to kill former Russian military intelligence officer 
        Sergei Skripal and his daughter Yulia, in Salisbury, United 
        Kingdom.
            (3) In September 2018, the Government of the United Kingdom 
        charged 2 Russian suspects with the poisoning of Sergei and 
        Yulia Skripal, further highlighting the culpability of the 
        Government of the Russian Federation in the attack.
            (4) On June 27, 2018, the Organisation for the Prohibition 
        of Chemical Weapons (commonly known as the ``OPCW''), during 
        its Fourth Special Session of the Conference of the States 
        Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention, adopted a decision 
        to ``put in place arrangements to identify the perpetrators of 
        the use of chemical weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic by 
        identifying and reporting on all information potentially 
        relevant to the origin of those chemical weapons in those 
        instances in which the OPCW Fact-Finding Mission in Syria 
        determines or has determined that use or likely use occurred, 
        and cases for which the OPCW-UN Joint Investigative Mechanism 
        has not issued a report; and decide[d] also that the 
        Secretariat shall provide regular reports on its investigations 
        to the Council and to the United Nations Secretary-General for 
        their consideration''.
            (5) In addition, during the Fourth Special Session, the 
        State Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention voted to 
        provide new powers to the Director-General of the OPCW to 
        attribute chemical weapons attacks. The decision ``affirms 
        that, whenever a chemical weapons use occurs on the territory 
        of a State Party, those who were the perpetrators, organizers, 
        sponsors or otherwise involved should be identified, and 
        underscores the added value of the Secretariat conducting an 
        independent investigation of an alleged use of chemical weapons 
        with a view to facilitating universal attribution of all 
        chemical weapons attacks''.
            (6) Finally, the decision of the State Parties to the 
        Chemical Weapons Convention allows ``the Director-General, if 
        requested by a State Party investigating a possible chemical 
        weapons use on its territory, [to] provide technical expertise 
        to identify those who were perpetrators, organizers, sponsors 
        or otherwise involved in the use of chemicals as weapons''.
            (7) The Government of the Russian Federation attempted to 
        impede the adoption of the identification mechanism in the 
        Fourth Special Session, and has repeatedly worked to degrade 
        the OPCW's ability to identify chemical weapons users.
            (8) The Government of the Russian Federation has shown 
        itself to be unwilling or incapable of compelling the President 
        of Syria, Bashar al-Assad, an ally of the Russian Federation, 
        to stop using chemical weapons against the civilian population 
        in Syria.
            (9) The United States remains steadfast in its commitment 
        to its key ally the United Kingdom, its commitment to the 
        mutual defense of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and 
        its commitment to the Chemical Weapons Convention.
            (10) Forty countries, including the United States, have 
        joined the International Partnership against Impunity for the 
        use of Chemical Weapons, which represents a political 
        commitment by participating countries to hold to account 
        persons responsible for the use of chemical weapons.
            (11) The Defense Ministry of the Government of the 
        Netherlands exposed 4 Russians as agents of the GRU 
        intelligence service who had attempted to hack OPCW networks 
        during the OPCW's investigation of the poisoning of Sergei and 
        Yulia Skripal in Salisbury, United Kingdom.

SEC. 303. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It shall be the policy of the United States--
            (1) to protect and defend the interests of the United 
        States, allies of the United States, and the international 
        community at large from the continuing threat of chemical 
        weapons and their proliferation;
            (2) to maintain a steadfast commitment to the Chemical 
        Weapons Convention and the OPCW;
            (3) to promote and strengthen the investigative and 
        identification mechanisms of the OPCW, including the 
        development of a new OPCW laboratory and enhancements to the 
        OPCW network of designated laboratories, through the provision 
        of additional resources and technical equipment to better allow 
        the OPCW to detect, identify, and attribute chemical weapons 
        attacks;
            (4) to pressure the Government of the Russian Federation to 
        halt its efforts to degrade the international efforts of the 
        United Nations and the OPCW to investigate chemical weapons 
        attacks and to designate perpetrators of such attacks by--
                    (A) highlighting within international fora, 
                including the United Nations General Assembly and the 
                OPCW, the repeated efforts of the Government of the 
                Russian Federation to degrade international efforts to 
                investigate chemical weapons attacks; and
                    (B) consulting with allies and partners of the 
                United States with respect to methods for strengthening 
                the investigative mechanisms of the OPCW;
            (5) to examine additional avenues for investigating, 
        identifying, and holding accountable chemical weapons users if 
        the Government of the Russian Federation continues in its 
        attempts to block or hinder investigations of the OPCW; and
            (6) to punish the Government of the Russian Federation for, 
        and deter that Government from, any chemical weapons production 
        and use through the imposition of sanctions, diplomatic 
        isolation, and the use of the mechanisms specified in the 
        Chemical Weapons Convention for violations of the Convention.

SEC. 304. REPORT ON PRODUCTION AND USE OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL 
              WEAPONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report on the 
chemical and biological weapon programs of the Government of the 
Russian Federation that includes an assessment of--
            (1) whether that Government has production capabilities in 
        violation of the Chemical Weapons Convention and the Convention 
        on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and 
        Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons 
        and on their Destruction, done at Washington, London, and 
        Moscow April 10, 1972, and entered into force March 26, 1975 
        (26 UST 583);
            (2) any use by that Government of chemical or biological 
        weapons during the 10-year period preceding submission of the 
        report; and
            (3) any direct or indirect support, including transfers of 
        material, knowledge, or technology, by that Government for the 
        chemical or biological weapons programs of other countries or 
        non-state actors.
    (b) Form of Report.--Each report required by subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 305. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated to the 
Secretary of State $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 
2025, to be provided to the OPCW as a voluntary contribution pursuant 
to section 301(a) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2221(a)) for the purpose of strengthening the OPCW's investigative and 
identification mechanisms for chemical weapons attacks.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
pursuant to subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.

SEC. 306. CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``Chemical Weapons Convention'' means the 
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, 
Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction, done 
at Geneva September 3, 1992, and entered into force April 29, 1997.

           TITLE IV--INTERNATIONAL CYBERCRIME PREVENTION ACT

SEC. 401. SHORT TITLE.

    This title may be cited as the ``International Cybercrime 
Prevention Act''.

SEC. 402. PREDICATE OFFENSES.

    Part I of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in section 1956(c)(7)(D)--
                    (A) by striking ``or section 2339D'' and inserting 
                ``section 2339D''; and
                    (B) by striking ``of this title, section 46502'' 
                and inserting ``, or section 2512 (relating to the 
                manufacture, distribution, possession, and advertising 
                of wire, oral, or electronic communication intercepting 
                devices) of this title, section 46502''; and
            (2) in section 1961(1), by inserting ``section 1030 
        (relating to fraud and related activity in connection with 
        computers) if the act indictable under section 1030 is 
        felonious,'' before ``section 1084''.

SEC. 403. FORFEITURE.

    (a) In General.--Section 2513 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended to read as follows:
``Sec. 2513. Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic communication 
              intercepting devices and other property
    ``(a) Criminal Forfeiture.--
            ``(1) In general.--The court, in imposing a sentence on any 
        person convicted of a violation of section 2511 or 2512, or 
        convicted of conspiracy to violate section 2511 or 2512, shall 
        order, in addition to any other sentence imposed and 
        irrespective of any provision of State law, that such person 
        forfeit to the United States--
                    ``(A) such person's interest in any property, real 
                or personal, that was used or intended to be used to 
                commit or to facilitate the commission of such 
                violation; and
                    ``(B) any property, real or personal, constituting 
                or derived from any gross proceeds, or any property 
                traceable to such property, that such person obtained 
                or retained directly or indirectly as a result of such 
                violation.
            ``(2) Forfeiture procedures.--Pursuant to section 2461(c) 
        of title 28, the provisions of section 413 of the Controlled 
        Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853), other than subsection (d) 
        thereof, shall apply to criminal forfeitures under this 
        subsection.
    ``(b) Civil Forfeiture.--
            ``(1) In general.--The following shall be subject to 
        forfeiture to the United States in accordance with provisions 
        of chapter 46 and no property right shall exist in them:
                    ``(A) Any property, real or personal, used or 
                intended to be used, in any manner, to commit, or 
                facilitate the commission of a violation of section 
                2511 or 2512, or a conspiracy to violate section 2511 
                or 2512.
                    ``(B) Any property, real or personal, constituting, 
                or traceable to the gross proceeds taken, obtained, or 
                retained in connection with or as a result of a 
                violation of section 2511 or 2512, or a conspiracy to 
                violate section 2511 or 2512.
            ``(2) Forfeiture procedures.--Seizures and forfeitures 
        under this subsection shall be governed by the provisions of 
        chapter 46, relating to civil forfeitures, except that such 
        duties as are imposed on the Secretary of the Treasury under 
        the customs laws described in section 981(d) shall be performed 
        by such officers, agents, and other persons as may be 
        designated for that purpose by the Secretary of Homeland 
        Security or the Attorney General.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 119 is amended by striking the item relating to section 2513 
and inserting the following:

``2513. Confiscation of wire, oral, or electronic communication 
                            intercepting devices and other property.''.

SEC. 404. SHUTTING DOWN BOTNETS.

    (a) Amendment.--Section 1345 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended--
            (1) in the heading, by inserting ``and abuse'' after 
        ``fraud'';
            (2) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``or'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) in subparagraph (C), by inserting 
                        ``or'' after the semicolon; and
                            (iii) by inserting after subparagraph (C) 
                        the following:
                    ``(D) violating or about to violate section 
                1030(a)(5) of this title where such conduct has caused 
                or would cause damage (as defined in section 1030) 
                without authorization to 100 or more protected 
                computers (as defined in section 1030) during any 1-
                year period, including by--
                            ``(i) impairing the availability or 
                        integrity of the protected computers without 
                        authorization; or
                            ``(ii) installing or maintaining control 
                        over malicious software on the protected 
                        computers that, without authorization, has 
                        caused or would cause damage to the protected 
                        computers;''; and
                    (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding 
                subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, a violation 
                described in subsection (a)(1)(D),'' before ``or a 
                Federal''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(c) A restraining order, prohibition, or other action described 
in subsection (b), if issued in circumstances described in subsection 
(a)(1)(D), may, upon application of the Attorney General--
            ``(1) specify that no cause of action shall lie in any 
        court against a person for complying with the restraining 
        order, prohibition, or other action; and
            ``(2) provide that the United States shall pay to such 
        person a fee for reimbursement for such costs as are reasonably 
        necessary and which have been directly incurred in complying 
        with the restraining order, prohibition, or other action.''.
    (b) Technical and Conforming Amendment.--The table of sections for 
chapter 63 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking the 
item relating to section 1345 and inserting the following:

``1345. Injunctions against fraud and abuse.''.

SEC. 405. AGGRAVATED DAMAGE TO A CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE COMPUTER.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 47 of title 18, United States Code, is 
amended by inserting after section 1030 the following:
``Sec. 1030A. Aggravated damage to a critical infrastructure computer
    ``(a) Offense.--It shall be unlawful, during and in relation to a 
felony violation of section 1030, to knowingly cause or attempt to 
cause damage to a critical infrastructure computer, if such damage 
results in (or, in the case of an attempted offense, would, if 
completed, have resulted in) the substantial impairment--
            ``(1) of the operation of the critical infrastructure 
        computer; or
            ``(2) of the critical infrastructure associated with such 
        computer.
    ``(b) Penalty.--Any person who violates subsection (a) shall, in 
addition to the term of punishment provided for the felony violation of 
section 1030, be fined under this title, imprisoned for not more than 
20 years, or both.
    ``(c) Consecutive Sentence.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
law--
            ``(1) a court shall not place any person convicted of a 
        violation of this section on probation;
            ``(2) except as provided in paragraph (4), no term of 
        imprisonment imposed on a person under this section shall run 
        concurrently with any term of imprisonment imposed on the 
        person under any other provision of law, including any term of 
        imprisonment imposed for the felony violation of section 1030;
            ``(3) in determining any term of imprisonment to be imposed 
        for the felony violation of section 1030, a court shall not in 
        any way reduce the term to be imposed for such violation to 
        compensate for, or otherwise take into account, any separate 
        term of imprisonment imposed or to be imposed for a violation 
        of this section; and
            ``(4) a term of imprisonment imposed on a person for a 
        violation of this section may, in the discretion of the court, 
        run concurrently, in whole or in part, only with another term 
        of imprisonment that is imposed by the court at the same time 
        on that person for an additional violation of this section, if 
        such discretion shall be exercised in accordance with any 
        applicable guidelines and policy statements issued by the 
        United States Sentencing Commission pursuant to section 994 of 
        title 28.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the terms `computer' and `damage' have the meanings 
        given the terms in section 1030; and
            ``(2) the term `critical infrastructure' means systems and 
        assets, whether physical or virtual, so vital to the United 
        States that the incapacity or destruction of such systems and 
        assets would have catastrophic regional or national effects on 
        public health or safety, economic security, or national 
        security, including voter registration databases, voting 
        machines, and other communications systems that manage the 
        election process or report and display results on behalf of 
        State and local governments.''.
    (b) Table of Sections.--The table of sections for chapter 47 of 
title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting after the item 
relating to section 1030 the following:

``1030A. Aggravated damage to a critical infrastructure computer.''.

SEC. 406. STOPPING TRAFFICKING IN BOTNETS; FORFEITURE.

    Section 1030 of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in subsection (a)--
                    (A) in paragraph (7), by adding ``or'' at the end; 
                and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
            ``(8) intentionally traffics in the means of access to a 
        protected computer, if--
                    ``(A) the trafficker knows or has reason to know 
                the protected computer has been damaged in a manner 
                prohibited by this section; and
                    ``(B) the promise or agreement to pay for the means 
                of access is made by, or on behalf of, a person the 
                trafficker knows or has reason to know intends to use 
                the means of access to--
                            ``(i) damage a protected computer in a 
                        manner prohibited by this section; or
                            ``(ii) violate section 1037 or 1343;'';
            (2) in subsection (c)(3)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``(a)(4) or 
                (a)(7)'' and inserting ``(a)(4), (a)(7), or (a)(8)''; 
                and
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``(a)(4), or 
                (a)(7)'' and inserting ``(a)(4), (a)(7), or (a)(8)''; 
                and
            (3) in subsection (e)--
                    (A) in paragraph (11), by striking ``and'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in paragraph (12), by striking the period at 
                the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) the term `traffic', except as provided in subsection 
        (a)(6), means transfer, or otherwise dispose of, to another as 
        consideration for the receipt of, or as consideration for a 
        promise or agreement to pay, anything of pecuniary value.'';
            (4) in subsection (g), in the first sentence, by inserting 
        ``, except for a violation of subsection (a)(8),'' after ``of 
        this section''; and
            (5) by striking subsections (i) and (j) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(i) Criminal Forfeiture.--
            ``(1) The court, in imposing sentence on any person 
        convicted of a violation of this section, or convicted of 
        conspiracy to violate this section, shall order, in addition to 
        any other sentence imposed and irrespective of any provision of 
        State law, that such person forfeit to the United States--
                    ``(A) such person's interest in any property, real 
                or personal, that was used or intended to be used to 
                commit or to facilitate the commission of such 
                violation; and
                    ``(B) any property, real or personal, constituting 
                or derived from any gross proceeds, or any property 
                traceable to such property, that such person obtained, 
                directly or indirectly, as a result of such violation.
            ``(2) The criminal forfeiture of property under this 
        subsection, including any seizure and disposition of the 
        property, and any related judicial or administrative 
        proceeding, shall be governed by the provisions of section 413 
        of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 853), except 
        subsection (d) of that section.
    ``(j) Civil Forfeiture of Property Used in the Commission of an 
Offense.--
            ``(1) Any personal property, including any Internet domain 
        name or Internet Protocol address, that was used or intended to 
        be used to commit or to facilitate the commission of any 
        violation of this section, or a conspiracy to violate this 
        section shall be subject to forfeiture to the United States, 
        and no property right shall exist in such property.
            ``(2) Seizures and forfeitures under this subsection shall 
        be governed by the provisions of chapter 46 relating to civil 
        forfeitures, except that such duties as are imposed on the 
        Secretary of the Treasury under the customs laws described in 
        section 981(d) shall be performed by such officers, agents, and 
        other persons as may be designated for that purpose by the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security or the Attorney General.''.

                TITLE V--COMBATING ELECTION INTERFERENCE

SEC. 501. PROHIBITION ON INTERFERENCE WITH VOTING SYSTEMS.

    Section 1030(e) of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2)--
                    (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or'' at the 
                end;
                    (B) in subparagraph (B), by adding ``or'' at the 
                end; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(C) that--
                            ``(i) is part of a voting system; and
                            ``(ii)(I) is used for the management, 
                        support, or administration of a Federal 
                        election; or
                            ``(II) has moved in or otherwise affects 
                        interstate or foreign commerce;'';
            (2) in paragraph (11), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (3) in paragraph (12), by striking the period and inserting 
        a semicolon; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(13) the term `Federal election' means any election (as 
        defined in section 301(1) of the Federal Election Campaign Act 
        of 1971 (52 U.S.C. 30101(1))) for Federal office (as defined in 
        section 301(3) of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (52 
        U.S.C. 30101(3))); and
            ``(14) the term `voting system' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 301(b) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (52 
        U.S.C. 21081(b)).''.

SEC. 502. INADMISSIBILITY OF ALIENS SEEKING TO INTERFERE IN UNITED 
              STATES ELECTIONS.

    (a) Defined Term.--Section 101(a) of the Immigration and 
Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)) is amended by adding at the end the 
following:
            ``(53) The term `improper interference in a United States 
        election' means conduct by an alien that--
                    ``(A)(i) violates Federal criminal, voting rights, 
                or campaign finance law; or
                    ``(ii) is under the direction of a foreign 
                government; and
                    ``(B) interferes with a general or primary Federal, 
                State, or local election or caucus, including--
                            ``(i) the campaign of a candidate; and
                            ``(ii) a ballot measure, including--
                                    ``(I) an amendment;
                                    ``(II) a bond issue;
                                    ``(III) an initiative;
                                    ``(IV) a recall;
                                    ``(V) a referral; and
                                    ``(VI) a referendum.''.
    (b) Improper Interference in United States Elections.--Section 
212(a)(3) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(3)) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(H) Improper interference in a united states 
                election.--Any alien who is seeking admission to the 
                United States to engage in improper interference in a 
                United States election, or who has engaged in improper 
                interference in a United States election, is 
                inadmissible.''.

       TITLE VI--SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

   Subtitle A--Expansion of Countering America's Adversaries Through 
                             Sanctions Act

SEC. 601. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ROLE OF SANCTIONS.

    It is the sense of Congress that economic and financial sanctions, 
when used as part of a coordinated and comprehensive strategy, are a 
powerful tool to advance United States foreign policy and national 
security interests.

SEC. 602. SANCTIONS RELATED TO INTERFERENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 
              WITH DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES AND ELECTIONS.

    (a) Effective Date; Termination.--
            (1) Requirement for finding.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 45 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days 
                thereafter, the Secretary of State and the Director of 
                National Intelligence, shall jointly submit to the 
                appropriate congressional committees the finding and 
                certification described in subparagraph (B).
                    (B) Finding and certification.--The finding and 
                certification described in this subparagraph is a 
                finding and certification as to whether or not the 
                Government of the Russian Federation is engaged in or 
                knowingly supporting operations to interfere in the 
                democratic process, including the administration of 
                elections, in the United States.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by this section 
        shall--
                    (A) take effect on the date of the enactment of 
                this Act; and
                    (B) apply on and after the earlier of--
                            (i) a date on which the Secretary of State 
                        and the Director of National Intelligence 
                        jointly submit a finding and certification 
                        described in paragraph (1)(B) that the 
                        Government of the Russian Federation is engaged 
                        in or knowingly supporting operations to 
                        interfere in the democratic process, including 
                        the administration of elections, in the United 
                        States; or
                            (ii) the date that is 90 days after a date 
                        on which the Secretary of State and the 
                        Director of National Intelligence fail to 
                        jointly submit a finding and certification 
                        described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) 
                        as required by subparagraph (A) of that 
                        paragraph.
            (3) Termination.--The amendments made by this section shall 
        cease to have force or effect if, after the effective date 
        described in paragraph (2), the Secretary of State and the 
        Director of National Intelligence jointly submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a finding and 
        certification described in paragraph (1)(B) that the Government 
        of the Russian Federation is not engaged in or knowingly 
        supporting operations to interfere in the democratic process, 
        including the administration of elections, in the United 
        States.
            (4) Appropriate congressional committees defined.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 221 of the 
        Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 
        U.S.C. 2521).
    (b) Amendments.--Part 2 of subtitle A of title II of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521 et seq.) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating sections 235, 236, 237, and 238 as 
        sections 239D, 239E, 239G, and 239H, respectively; and
            (2) by inserting after section 234 the following:

``SEC. 235. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS WITH CERTAIN RUSSIAN 
              POLITICAL FIGURES AND OLIGARCHS.

    ``On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression 
Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions described in 
section 224(b) with respect to--
            ``(1) political figures, oligarchs, and other persons that 
        facilitate illicit and corrupt activities, directly or 
        indirectly, on behalf of the President of the Russian 
        Federation, Vladimir Putin, and persons acting for or on behalf 
        of such political figures, oligarchs, and persons;
            ``(2) Russian parastatal entities that facilitate illicit 
        and corrupt activities, directly or indirectly, on behalf of 
        the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin;
            ``(3) family members of persons described in paragraph (1) 
        or (2) that derive significant benefits from such illicit and 
        corrupt activities; and
            ``(4) persons, including financial institutions, that 
        knowingly engage in significant transactions with persons 
        described in paragraph (1), (2), or (3).

``SEC. 236. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS WITH THE CYBER 
              SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    ``On and after the date that is 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression 
Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions described in 
section 224(b) with respect to a person, including any financial 
institution, that the President determines--
            ``(1) knowingly engages in significant transactions with 
        any person in the Russian Federation that supports or 
        facilitates malicious cyber activities; or
            ``(2) is knowingly owned or controlled by, or knowingly 
        acts or purports to act for or on behalf of, directly or 
        indirectly, a person that engages in significant transactions 
        described in paragraph (1).

``SEC. 237. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS RELATED TO 
              INVESTMENTS IN RUSSIAN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS EXPORT 
              FACILITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--On and after the date that is 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the President shall impose five or more of the 
sanctions described in section 239D with respect to a person if the 
President determines that the person knowingly, on or after such date 
of enactment, makes an investment described in subsection (b) in a 
liquefied natural gas export facility located outside of the Russian 
Federation.
    ``(b) Investment Described.--An investment described in this 
subsection is an investment that--
            ``(1) directly and significantly contributes to the ability 
        of the Russian Federation to construct liquefied natural gas 
        export facilities outside of the Russian Federation; and
            ``(2)(A) has a fair market value of $1,000,000 or more; or
            ``(B) during a 12-month period, has an aggregate fair 
        market value of $5,000,000 or more.

``SEC. 238. PROHIBITION ON TRANSACTIONS RELATING TO NEW SOVEREIGN DEBT 
              OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    ``(a) In General.--If the Director of National Intelligence 
determines that, on or after the date of the enactment of the Defending 
American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019, the Russian 
Federation has engaged in malicious cyber activities targeting election 
infrastructure that has been designated as critical infrastructure by 
the Secretary of Homeland Security, not later than 60 days after that 
determination, the President shall prescribe regulations prohibiting 
United States persons from engaging in transactions with, providing 
financing for, or otherwise dealing in, Russian sovereign debt issued 
on or after the date that is 90 days after the date of the 
determination.
    ``(b) Russian Sovereign Debt Defined.--In this section, the term 
`Russian sovereign debt' means--
            ``(1) bonds issued by the Central Bank, the National Wealth 
        Fund, or the Federal Treasury of the Russian Federation, or 
        agents or affiliates of any of those entities, with a maturity 
        of more than 14 days;
            ``(2) foreign exchange swap agreements with the Central 
        Bank, the National Wealth Fund, or the Federal Treasury of the 
        Russian Federation with a duration of more than 14 days; and
            ``(3) any other financial instrument, the duration or 
        maturity of which is more than 14 days, that--
                    ``(A) was issued by a Russian financial institution 
                on behalf of the Government of the Russian Federation; 
                or
                    ``(B) the President determines otherwise represents 
                the sovereign debt of the Government of the Russian 
                Federation.

``SEC. 239. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO RUSSIAN FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 
              THAT SUPPORT INTERFERENCE IN DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES OR 
              ELECTIONS.

    ``On and after the date that is 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression 
Act of 2019, the President shall impose the sanctions described in 
section 224(b)(1) with respect to any Russian financial institution 
that the President determines has, on or after such date of enactment, 
knowingly provided financial or other support for interference by the 
Government of the Russian Federation in the democratic process or 
elections of any country other than the Russian Federation.''.

SEC. 603. SANCTIONS RELATING TO THE ACTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 
              WITH RESPECT TO UKRAINE.

    (a) Effective Date; Termination.--
            (1) Requirement for finding.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 45 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days 
                thereafter, the Secretary of State and the Director of 
                National Intelligence, shall jointly submit to the 
                appropriate congressional committees the finding and 
                certification described in subparagraph (B).
                    (B) Finding and certification.--The finding and 
                certification described in this subparagraph is a 
                finding and certification as to whether or not the 
                Government of the Russian Federation is engaged in or 
                knowingly supporting offensive military operations in 
                Ukraine.
            (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by this section 
        shall--
                    (A) take effect on the date of the enactment of 
                this Act; and
                    (B) apply on and after the earlier of--
                            (i) a date on which the Secretary of State 
                        and the Director of National Intelligence 
                        jointly submit a finding and certification 
                        described in paragraph (1)(B) that the 
                        Government of the Russian Federation is engaged 
                        in or knowingly supporting offensive military 
                        operations in Ukraine; or
                            (ii) the date that is 90 days after a date 
                        on which the Secretary of State and the 
                        Director of National Intelligence fail to 
                        jointly submit a finding and certification 
                        described in subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1) 
                        as required by subparagraph (A) of that 
                        paragraph.
            (3) Termination.--The amendments made by this section shall 
        cease to have force or effect if, after the effective date 
        described in paragraph (2), the Secretary of State and the 
        Director of National Intelligence jointly submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a finding and 
        certification described in paragraph (1)(B) that the Government 
        of the Russian Federation is not engaged in or knowingly 
        supporting offensive military operations in Ukraine.
            (4) Appropriate congressional committees defined.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
        has the meaning given that term in section 221 of the 
        Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 
        U.S.C. 2521).
    (b) Amendments.--Part 2 of subtitle A of title II of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521 et seq.), 
as amended by section 602, is further amended by inserting after 
section 239 the following:

``SEC. 239A. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO TRANSACTIONS RELATED TO 
              INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY PROJECTS SUPPORTED BY RUSSIAN 
              STATE-OWNED OR PARASTATAL ENTITIES OUTSIDE OF THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.

    ``On and after the date that is 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression 
Act of 2019, the President shall impose five or more of the sanctions 
described in section 239D with respect to a person if the President 
determines that--
            ``(1) the person knowingly, on or after such date of 
        enactment, invests in a project to explore for or produce crude 
        oil or natural gas outside of the Russian Federation--
                    ``(A) that is initiated after the date of the 
                enactment of the Defending American Security from 
                Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019; and
                    ``(B) in which a Russian parastatal entity or an 
                entity owned or controlled by the Government of the 
                Russian Federation has--
                            ``(i) a 33 percent or greater ownership 
                        interest; or
                            ``(ii) ownership of a majority of the 
                        voting interests; and
            ``(2) the total value of the investment in the project by 
        that person exceeds or is reasonably expected to exceed 
        $250,000,000.

``SEC. 239B. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO SUPPORT FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF 
              CRUDE OIL RESOURCES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    ``(a) In General.--The President shall impose five or more of the 
sanctions described in section 239D with respect to a person if the 
President determines that the person knowingly, on or after the date of 
the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, sells, leases, or provides to the Russian 
Federation goods, services, technology, financing, or support described 
in subsection (b)--
            ``(1) any of which has a fair market value of $1,000,000 or 
        more; or
            ``(2) that, during a 12-month period, have an aggregate 
        fair market value of $5,000,000 or more.
    ``(b) Goods, Services, Technology, Financing, or Support 
Described.--Goods, services, technology, financing, or support 
described in this subsection are goods, services, technology, financing 
or support that could directly and significantly contribute to the 
Russian Federation's--
            ``(1) ability to develop crude oil resources located in the 
        Russian Federation; or
            ``(2) production of crude oil resources in the Russian 
        Federation, including any direct and significant assistance 
        with respect to the construction, modernization, or repair of 
        infrastructure that would facilitate the development of crude 
        oil resources located in the Russian Federation.
    ``(c) Applicability.--The requirement to impose sanctions under 
subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to the maintenance of 
projects that are ongoing as of the date of the enactment of the 
Defending American Security from Kremlin Aggression Act of 2019.
    ``(d) Requirement to Issue Guidance.--Not later than 90 days after 
the date of enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the Secretary of State, in consultation with 
the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Energy, shall issue 
regulations--
            ``(1) clarifying how the exception under subsection (c) 
        will be applied; and
            ``(2) listing specific goods, services, technology, 
        financing, and support covered by subsection (b).

``SEC. 239C. SANCTIONS FOR VIOLATIONS BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF 
              FREEDOM OF NAVIGATION.

    ``(a) Determination of Violation.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
        Aggression Act of 2019, and every 180 days thereafter, the 
        Secretary of State shall determine and certify to the 
        committees specified in subsection (d) whether the Government 
        of the Russian Federation, including the armed forces or coast 
        guard of the Russian Federation, has interfered with the 
        freedom of navigation of one or more vessels in the Kerch 
        Strait or elsewhere in a manner inconsistent with international 
        law during the 180 days preceding the certification.
            ``(2) Publication of certification.--Not later than 15 days 
        after submitting a certification under paragraph (1), the 
        Secretary shall publish the certification in the Federal 
        Register.
    ``(b) Imposition of Sanctions.--On and after the date that is 90 
days after the publication of a certification under paragraph (2) of 
subsection (a) indicating that the Government of the Russian Federation 
has interfered with the freedom of navigation of one or more vessels as 
described in paragraph (1) of that subsection, all entities operating 
in the shipbuilding sector of the Russian Federation shall be subject 
to the same restrictions as an entity included on the list of specially 
designated nationals and blocked persons maintained by the Office of 
Foreign Assets Control of the Department of the Treasury.
    ``(c) Removal of Sanctions.--The restrictions imposed pursuant to 
subsection (b) shall remain in effect until the date on which the 
Secretary of State determines and certifies to the committees specified 
in subsection (d) that--
            ``(1) the Government of the Russian Federation, including 
        the armed forces and coast guard of the Russian Federation, has 
        not interfered with the freedom of navigation of any vessels in 
        the Kerch Strait or elsewhere in a manner inconsistent with 
        international law during the 3-year period preceding the 
        submission of that certification; and
            ``(2) the Government of the Russian Federation has provided 
        assurances that that Government will not engage in such 
        interference in the future.
    ``(d) Committees Specified.--The committees specified in this 
subsection are--
            ``(1) the appropriate congressional committees; and
            ``(2) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.''.

SEC. 604. CONFORMING AND TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.

    (a) Implementation and Penalties.--Part 2 of subtitle A of title II 
of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 
U.S.C. 9521 et seq.), as amended by sections 602 and 603 is further 
amended by inserting after section 239E the following:

``SEC. 239F. IMPLEMENTATION AND PENALTIES.

    ``(a) Implementation.--The President may exercise all authorities 
provided to the President under sections 203 and 205 of the 
International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) 
to carry out this part.
    ``(b) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to violate, 
conspires to violate, or causes a violation of this part or any 
regulation, license, or order issued to carry out this part shall be 
subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of 
section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 
U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful 
act described in subsection (a) of that section.''.
    (b) Definitions.--Section 221 of the Countering America's 
Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following:
            ``(6) Russian financial institution.--The term `Russian 
        financial institution' means--
                    ``(A) a financial institution organized under the 
                laws of the Russian Federation or any jurisdiction 
                within the Russian Federation, including a foreign 
                branch of such an institution;
                    ``(B) a financial institution located in the 
                Russian Federation;
                    ``(C) a financial institution, wherever located, 
                owned or controlled by the Government of the Russian 
                Federation; and
                    ``(D) a financial institution, wherever located, 
                owned or controlled by a financial institution 
                described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C).''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act is amended by striking the 
items relating to sections 235 through 238 and inserting the following:

``Sec. 235. Sanctions with respect to transactions with certain Russian 
                            political figures and oligarchs.
``Sec. 236. Sanctions with respect to transactions with the cyber 
                            sector of the Russian Federation.
``Sec. 237. Sanctions with respect to transactions related to 
                            investments in Russian liquefied natural 
                            gas export facilities.
``Sec. 238. Prohibition on transactions relating to new sovereign debt 
                            of the Russian Federation.
``Sec. 239. Sanctions with respect to Russian financial institutions 
                            that support interference in democratic 
                            processes or elections.
``Sec. 239A. Sanctions with respect to transactions related to 
                            investments in energy projects supported by 
                            Russian state-owned or parastatal entities 
                            outside of the Russian Federation.
``Sec. 239B. Sanctions with respect to support for the development of 
                            crude oil resources in the Russian 
                            Federation.
``Sec. 239C. Sanctions for violations by the Russian Federation of 
                            freedom of navigation.
``Sec. 239D. Sanctions described.
``Sec. 239E. Exceptions, waiver, and termination.
``Sec. 239F. Implementation and penalties.
``Sec. 239G. Exception relating to activities of the National 
                            Aeronautics and Space Administration.
``Sec. 239H. Rule of construction.''.
    (d) Conforming Amendments.--Part 2 of subtitle A of title II of the 
Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9521 
et seq.), as amended by this subtitle, is further amended--
            (1) in section 231, by striking subsection (e); and
            (2) by striking ``section 235'' each place it appears and 
        inserting ``section 239D''.
    (e) Guidance.--The President shall, in a prompt and timely way, 
publish guidance on the implementation of this subtitle and the 
amendments made by this subtitle and any regulations prescribed 
pursuant to this subtitle or any such amendment.

   Subtitle B--Expansion of Sanctions Relating to Human Rights Abuses

SEC. 611. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO ASSASSINATIONS 
              COMMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION WITHIN THE TERRITORY 
              OF THE UNITED STATES OR NATO MEMBER COUNTRIES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the suspected 
assassination of an individual by the Government of the Russian 
Federation within the territory of the United States or a NATO member 
country, the Director of National Intelligence, in consultation with 
the governments of NATO member countries, as appropriate, shall 
determine whether the assassination was directed by the Government of 
the Russian Federation.
    (b) Imposition of Sanctions.--If the Director of National 
Intelligence determines under subsection (a), based on credible 
evidence, that the Government of the Russian Federation directed an 
assassination described in that subsection, the President shall impose 
the sanctions described in section 1263(b) of the Global Magnitsky 
Human Rights Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public Law 
114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note) with respect to any foreign person the 
President determines is responsible for the assassination.

SEC. 612. REPEAL OF SUNSET FOR GLOBAL MAGNITSKY HUMAN RIGHTS 
              ACCOUNTABILITY ACT.

    Section 1265 of the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability 
Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 
note) is repealed.

SEC. 613. CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW AND CONTINUED APPLICABILITY OF SANCTIONS 
              UNDER THE SERGEI MAGNITSKY RULE OF LAW ACCOUNTABILITY ACT 
              OF 2012.

    Section 216(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Russia Sanctions Review Act of 2017 
(22 U.S.C. 9511(a)(2)(B)(i)) is amended--
            (1) in subclause (II), by striking ``; or'' and inserting a 
        semicolon;
            (2) in subclause (III), by striking ``; and'' and inserting 
        ``; or''; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
                                    ``(IV) the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of 
                                Law Accountability Act of 2012 (title 
                                IV of Public Law 112-208; 22 U.S.C. 
                                5811 note); and''.

            Subtitle C--Coordination With the European Union

SEC. 621. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COORDINATION WITH ALLIES WITH RESPECT TO 
              SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that the President should--
            (1) continue to uphold and seek unity with European and 
        other key partners with respect to sanctions implemented with 
        respect to the Russian Federation, which have been effective 
        and instrumental in countering the aggression of the Russian 
        Federation;
            (2) engage to the fullest extent possible with governments 
        that are partners of the United States with regard to closing 
        loopholes, including the allowance of extended prepayment for 
        the delivery of goods and commodities and other loopholes, in 
        multilateral and unilateral restrictive measures against the 
        Russian Federation, with the aim of maximizing alignment of 
        those measures; and
            (3) increase efforts to vigorously enforce compliance with 
        sanctions in place as of the date of the enactment of this Act 
        with respect to the Russian Federation in response to the 
        crises in Ukraine and Syria, cyber intrusions and attacks, and 
        human rights violators in the Russian Federation.

SEC. 622. OFFICE OF SANCTIONS COORDINATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

    (a) In General.--Section 1 of the State Department Basic 
Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a), as amended by section 211, 
is further amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (i); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (g) the following:
    ``(h) Office of Sanctions Coordination.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is established, within the 
        Department of State, an Office of Sanctions Coordination 
        (referred to in this subsection as the `Office').
            ``(2) Head.--The head of the Office shall--
                    ``(A) have the rank and status of ambassador;
                    ``(B) be appointed by the President, by and with 
                the advice and consent of the Senate; and
                    ``(C) report to the Under Secretary for Political 
                Affairs.
            ``(3) Duties.--The head of the Office shall--
                    ``(A) serve as the principal advisor to the senior 
                management of the Department and the Secretary 
                regarding the role of the Department in the development 
                and implementation of sanctions policy, including 
                sanctions with respect to the Russian Federation, Iran, 
                North Korea, and other countries;
                    ``(B) represent the United States in diplomatic and 
                multilateral fora on sanctions matters;
                    ``(C) consult and closely coordinate with the 
                European Union to ensure the maximum effectiveness of 
                sanctions imposed by the United States and the European 
                Union with respect to the Russian Federation;
                    ``(D) advise the Secretary directly and provide 
                input with respect to all activities, policies, and 
                programs of all bureaus and offices of the Department 
                relating to the implementation of sanctions policy; and
                    ``(E) serve as the principal liaison of the 
                Department to other Federal agencies involved in the 
                design and implementation of sanctions policy.
            ``(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may 
        be construed to preclude--
                    ``(A) the Office from being elevated to a Bureau 
                within the Department; or
                    ``(B) the head of the Office from being elevated to 
                level of an Assistant Secretary.''.
    (b) Report Required.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report detailing the efforts of the Office 
of Sanctions Coordination established under the amendments made by 
subsection (a) to coordinate sanctions policy with the European Union.

SEC. 623. REPORT ON COORDINATION OF SANCTIONS BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 
              AND EUROPEAN UNION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report that 
includes the following:
            (1) A description of each instance, during the period 
        specified in subsection (b)--
                    (A) in which the United States has imposed 
                sanctions with respect to a person for activity related 
                to the Russian Federation, but in which the European 
                Union has not imposed corresponding sanctions; and
                    (B) in which the European Union has imposed 
                sanctions with respect to a person for activity related 
                to the Russian Federation, but in which the United 
                States has not imposed corresponding sanctions.
            (2) An explanation for the reason for each discrepancy 
        between sanctions imposed by the European Union and sanctions 
        imposed by the United States described in subparagraphs (A) and 
        (B) of paragraph (1).
    (b) Period Specified.--The period specified in this subsection is--
            (1) in the case of the first report submitted under 
        subsection (a), the period beginning on the date of the 
        enactment of this Act and ending on the date the report is 
        submitted; and
            (2) in the case of a subsequent such report, the 180-day 
        period preceding the submission of the report.
    (c) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
    (d) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 
        Finance of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives.

 Subtitle D--Reports Relating to Sanctions With Respect to the Russian 
                               Federation

SEC. 631. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and 
                the Committee on Finance of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
                Means of the House of Representatives.
            (2) Senior foreign political figure.--The term ``senior 
        foreign political figure'' has the meaning given that term in 
        section 1010.605 of title 31, Code of Federal Regulations (or 
        any corresponding similar regulation or ruling).

SEC. 632. UPDATED REPORT ON OLIGARCHS AND PARASTATAL ENTITIES OF THE 
              RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    Section 241 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 922) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsections (b) and (c) as subsections 
        (c) and (d), respectively;
            (2) by inserting after subsection (a) the following:
    ``(b) Updated Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of the Defending American Security from Kremlin 
Aggression Act of 2019, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Director of National Intelligence and the Secretary of State, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an updated 
report on oligarchs and parastatal entities of the Russian Federation 
that builds on the report submitted under subsection (a) on January 29, 
2018, by--
            ``(1) including the matters described in paragraphs (1) 
        through (5) of subsection (a); and
            ``(2) excluding from the portion of the report responsive 
        to paragraph (1) of subsection (a) any individual with respect 
        to which there is no credible information suggesting the 
        individual has the close financial or political relationships, 
        or engages in the illicit activities, described in subsection 
        (a).''; and
            (3) in subsection (c), as redesignated by paragraph (1), by 
        striking ``The report required under subsection (a)'' and 
        inserting ``The reports required by subsections (a) and (b)''.

SEC. 633. REPORT ON SECTION 224 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES 
              THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the persons that the 
President has determined under section 224(a)(1)(A) of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9524(a)(1)(A)) 
knowingly engaged, on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date of 
the report, in significant activities undermining cybersecurity against 
any person, including a democratic institution or government on behalf 
of the Government of the Russian Federation.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall contain 
the following:
            (1) A list of the persons described in subsection (a).
            (2) A description of diplomatic efforts to work with 
        governments and democratic institutions in other countries the 
        cybersecurity of which the President determines has been 
        undermined by the Government of the Russian Federation.
    (c) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).

SEC. 634. REPORT ON SECTION 225 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES 
              THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the foreign persons 
that the President has determined under section 4(b)(1) of the Ukraine 
Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8923(b)(1)), as amended by 
section 225 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions 
Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 910), have knowingly, on or after 
August 2, 2017, and before the date of the report, made a significant 
investment in a special Russian crude oil project.
    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).

SEC. 635. REPORT ON SECTION 226 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES 
              THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the foreign financial 
institutions that the President has determined under section 5(a) of 
the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8924(a)), as amended 
by section 226 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through 
Sanctions Act (Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 910), have knowingly 
engaged, on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date of the report, 
in significant transactions involving significant investments in a 
special Russian crude oil project described in section 4(b)(1) of the 
Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014.
    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).

SEC. 636. REPORT ON SECTION 228 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES 
              THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the foreign persons 
that the President has determined under subsection (a) of section 10 of 
the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic 
Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 U.S.C. 8909), as added by section 
228 of the Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act 
(Public Law 115-44; 131 Stat. 911), have, on or after August 2, 2017, 
and before the date of the report--
            (1) materially violated, attempted to violate, conspired to 
        violate, or caused a violation of any license, order, 
        regulation, or prohibition contained in or issued pursuant to 
        any covered Executive order (as defined in subsection (f) of 
        such section 10), the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, 
        Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (22 
        U.S.C. 8901 et seq.), or the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 
        2014 (22 U.S.C. 8921 et seq.); or
            (2) facilitated a significant transaction or transactions, 
        including deceptive or structured transactions, for or on 
        behalf of--
                    (A) any person subject to sanctions imposed by the 
                United States with respect to the Russian Federation; 
                or
                    (B) any child, spouse, parent, or sibling of an 
                individual described in subparagraph (A).
    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).

SEC. 637. REPORT ON SECTION 233 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES 
              THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the foreign persons 
that the President has determined under section 233 of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9527) have made, 
on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date of the report, an 
investment of $10,000,000 or more (or any combination of investments of 
not less than $1,000,000 each, which in the aggregate equals or exceeds 
$10,000,000 in any 12-month period), or facilitated such an investment, 
if the investment directly and significantly contributes to the ability 
of the Russian Federation to privatize state-owned assets in a manner 
that unjustly benefits--
            (1) officials of the Government of the Russian Federation; 
        or
            (2) close associates or family members of those officials.
    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).

SEC. 638. REPORT ON SECTION 234 OF THE COUNTERING AMERICA'S ADVERSARIES 
              THROUGH SANCTIONS ACT.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report that describes the foreign persons 
that the President has determined under section 234 of the Countering 
America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9528) have 
knowingly, on or after August 2, 2017, and before the date of the 
report, exported, transferred, or otherwise provided to Syria 
significant financial, material, or technological support that 
contributes materially to the ability of the Government of Syria to--
            (1) acquire or develop chemical, biological, or nuclear 
        weapons or related technologies;
            (2) acquire or develop ballistic or cruise missile 
        capabilities;
            (3) acquire or develop destabilizing numbers and types of 
        advanced conventional weapons;
            (4) acquire significant defense articles, defense services, 
        or defense information (as such terms are defined under the 
        Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2751 et seq.)); or
            (5) acquire items designated by the President for purposes 
        of the United States Munitions List under section 38(a)(1) of 
        the Arms Export Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2778(a)(1)).
    (b) Updates.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter, the President 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees an update to 
the report required by subsection (a).

                     Subtitle E--General Provisions

SEC. 651. EXCEPTION RELATING TO ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS 
              AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION.

    (a) In General.--This title and the amendments made by this title 
shall not apply with respect to activities of the National Aeronautics 
and Space Administration.
    (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this title or the amendments 
made by this title shall be construed to authorize the imposition of 
any sanction or other condition, limitation, restriction, or 
prohibition, that directly or indirectly impedes the supply by any 
entity of the Russian Federation of any product or service, or the 
procurement of such product or service by any contractor or 
subcontractor of the United States or any other entity, relating to or 
in connection with any space launch conducted for--
            (1) the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; or
            (2) any other non-Department of Defense customer.

SEC. 652. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.

    Nothing in this title or the amendments made by this title shall be 
construed--
            (1) to supersede the limitations or exceptions on the use 
        of rocket engines for national security purposes under section 
        1608 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. ``Buck'' McKeon National 
        Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (Public Law 113-
        291; 128 Stat. 3626; 10 U.S.C. 2271 note), as amended by 
        section 1607 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2016 (Public Law 114-92; 129 Stat. 1100) and 
        section 1602 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 130 Stat. 2582); or
            (2) to prohibit a contractor or subcontractor of the 
        Department of Defense from acquiring components referred to in 
        such section 1608.

      TITLE VII--OTHER MATTERS RELATING TO THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

SEC. 701. DETERMINATION ON DESIGNATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AS A 
              STATE SPONSOR OF TERRORISM.

    (a) Determination.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit 
        to the appropriate congressional committees a determination of 
        whether the Russian Federation meets the criteria for 
        designation as a state sponsor of terrorism.
            (2) Form.--The determination required by paragraph (1) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
        classified annex, if appropriate.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee on 
        Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs of the House of Representatives.
            (2) State sponsor of terrorism.--The term ``state sponsor 
        of terrorism'' means a country the government of which the 
        Secretary of State has determined is a government that has 
        repeatedly provided support for acts of international 
        terrorism, for purposes of--
                    (A) section 1754(c)(1)(A)(i) of the Export Control 
                Reform Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 4813(c)(1)(A)(i));
                    (B) section 620A of the Foreign Assistance Act of 
                1961 (22 U.S.C. 2371);
                    (C) section 40(d) of the Arms Export Control Act 
                (22 U.S.C. 2780(d)); or
                    (D) any other provision of law.

SEC. 702. EXPANSION OF GEOGRAPHIC TARGETING ORDERS OF FINANCIAL CRIMES 
              ENFORCEMENT NETWORK.

    (a) In General.--Section 5326 of title 31, United States Code, is 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Reporting by Title Insurance Companies.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall issue an order under 
        subsection (a) requiring a domestic title insurance company to 
        obtain, maintain, and report to the Secretary information on 
        the beneficial owners of entities that purchase residential 
        real estate in high-value transactions in which the domestic 
        title insurance company is involved.
            ``(2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Beneficial owner.--The term `beneficial 
                owner', with respect to an entity, means an individual 
                who, directly or indirectly, owns 25 percent or more of 
                the equity interests in the entity.
                    ``(B) Domestic title insurance company.--The term 
                `domestic title insurance company' has the meaning 
                given that term in regulations prescribed by the 
                Secretary.
                    ``(C) High-value transaction.--The term `high-
                value', with respect to a real estate transaction, has 
                the meaning given that term in regulations prescribed 
                by the Secretary based on the real estate market in 
                which the transaction takes place.''.
    (b) Regulations.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe 
regulations to carry out the amendment made by subsection (a).
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be necessary to carry 
out the amendment made by subsection (a).

SEC. 703. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON EXTENSION OF LIMITATIONS ON IMPORTATION 
              OF URANIUM FROM RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) uranium is essential to the economic and national 
        security of the Unites States;
            (2) the Department of Commerce should negotiate an 
        extension of the Agreement Suspending the Antidumping 
        Investigation on Uranium from the Russian Federation (commonly 
        referred to as the ``Russian Suspension Agreement'')--
                    (A) to reinvigorate the entire nuclear fuel supply 
                chain, consistent with the national security and 
                nonproliferation goals of the United States; and
                    (B) to protect the United States uranium industry 
                from the manipulation of the global uranium market by 
                the Russian Federation and Russian-influenced 
                competitors; and
            (3) a renegotiated suspension agreement is an important 
        component of a broader strategy to prevent adversaries of the 
        United States from monopolizing the nuclear fuel supply chain.

SEC. 704. ESTABLISHMENT OF A NATIONAL FUSION CENTER TO RESPOND TO 
              THREATS FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established a National Fusion Center 
to Respond to Hybrid Threats, which shall focus primarily on such 
threats from the Government of the Russian Federation, and shall be 
chaired by senior United States Government officials from participating 
agencies (in this section referred to as the ``Center'').
    (b) Mission.--The primary missions of the Center are as follows:
            (1) To serve as the primary organization in the United 
        States Government to coordinate analysis and policy 
        implementation across the United States Government in 
        responding to hybrid threats posed by the Government of the 
        Russian Federation to the national security, sovereignty, 
        democracy, and economic activity of the United States and 
        United States allies, including the following activities:
                    (A) Execution of disinformation, misinformation, 
                and propaganda campaigns through traditional and social 
                media platforms, including disinformation campaigns 
                that target members of the United States Armed Forces 
                or the families of members of the United States Armed 
                Forces.
                    (B) Formation, infiltration, or manipulation of 
                cultural, religious, educational, and political 
                organizations or parties.
                    (C) Covert transfer of illicit money through shell 
                corporations and financial institutions to facilitate 
                corruption, crime, and malign influence activities, 
                including through political parties and interest 
                groups.
                    (D) Coercive tactics and gray zone activities, 
                including through para-military and para-police and 
                security services and militias.
                    (E) Cyber and other non-traditional threats, 
                including against public infrastructure, government 
                institutions, or political organizations or actors.
                    (F) Use of energy resources or infrastructure to 
                influence or constrain sovereign states and political 
                actors.
            (2) To synchronize the efforts of the Department of State, 
        the Department of the Treasury, the Department of Defense, the 
        Department of Homeland Security, the intelligence community, 
        other relevant civilian United States Government agencies, and 
        United States military combatant commands with respect to 
        countering efforts by the Government of the Russian Federation 
        to undermine the national security, political sovereignty, 
        democratic institutions, and economic activity of the United 
        States and its United States allies, including by--
                    (A) ensuring that each such element is aware of and 
                coordinating on such efforts; and
                    (B) overseeing the development and implementation 
                of comprehensive and integrated policy responses to 
                such efforts.
            (3) In coordination with the head of the Global Engagement 
        Center established by section 1287 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (Public Law 114-328; 22 
        U.S.C. 2656 note), to examine current and emerging efforts by 
        malign state actors to use propaganda and disinformation 
        operations, including--
                    (A) traditional media platforms such as television, 
                radio, and print; and
                    (B) social media platforms and other Internet 
                communication tools.
            (4) To identify and close gaps across the departments and 
        agencies of the Federal Government with respect to expertise, 
        readiness, and planning to address the threats posed by the 
        Government of the Russian Federation.
    (c) Reporting Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Center shall submit to 
        the appropriate congressional committees every 180 days a 
        report on threats posed by the Russian Federation to the 
        national security, sovereignty, and economic activity of the 
        United States and its allies.
            (2) Matters included.--Each report under paragraph (1) 
        shall include, with respect to the period covered by the 
        report, a discussion of the following:
                    (A) The nature, extent, and execution of the 
                threats described in such paragraph.
                    (B) The ability of the United States Government to 
                identify and defend against such threats.
                    (C) The progress of the Center in achieving its 
                missions, including through coordination with other 
                governments and multilateral organizations.
                    (D) Recommendations the Director determines 
                necessary for legislative actions to improve the 
                ability of the Center to achieve its missions.
            (3) Form.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall be 
        submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
        annex.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and 
                the Committee on Finance of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and 
                Means of the House of Representatives.
            (2) Intelligence community.--The term ``intelligence 
        community'' means an element of the intelligence community 
        specified or designated under section 3(4) of the National 
        Security Act of 1947.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

SEC. 705. COUNTERING RUSSIAN INFLUENCE FUND.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated for the Countering Russian Influence Fund described in 
section 7070(d) of the Department of State, Foreign Operations, and 
Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2017 (division J of Public Law 
115-31; 131 Stat. 706), $250,000,000 for fiscal years 2021 and 2022.
    (b) Use of Funds.--Amounts in the Countering Russian Influence Fund 
shall be used in countries of Europe and Eurasia the Secretary of State 
has determined are vulnerable to malign influence by the Russian 
Federation to effectively implement, subject to the availability of 
funds, the following goals:
            (1) To assist in protecting critical infrastructure and 
        electoral mechanisms from cyberattacks.
            (2) To combat disinformation and other attempts to 
        influence democratic processes and elections.
            (3) To combat corruption, improve the rule of law, and 
        otherwise strengthen independent judiciaries and prosecutors 
        general offices.
            (4) To respond to the humanitarian crises and instability 
        caused or aggravated by the invasions and occupations of 
        Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine by the Russian Federation.
            (5) To improve participatory legislative processes and 
        legal education, political transparency and competition, and 
        compliance with international obligations.
            (6) To build the capacity of civil society, media, and 
        other nongovernmental organizations countering the influence 
        and propaganda of the Russian Federation to combat corruption, 
        prioritize access to truthful information, and operate freely 
        in all regions.
            (7) To assist the Secretary of State in executing the 
        functions specified in section 1239(b) of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2018 (Public Law 115-91; 10 
        U.S.C. 113 note) for the purposes of recognizing, 
        understanding, exposing, and countering propaganda and 
        disinformation efforts by foreign governments, in coordination 
        with the relevant regional Assistant Secretary or Assistant 
        Secretaries of the Department of State.
    (c) Revision of Activities for Which Amounts May Be Used.--The 
Secretary of State may modify a goal described in subsection (b) if, 
not later than 15 days before revising such goal, the Secretary 
notifies the appropriate congressional committees of the revision.
    (d) Implementation.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall, acting 
        through the Coordinator of United States Assistance to Europe 
        and Eurasia (authorized pursuant to section 601 of the Support 
        for East European Democracy (SEED) Act of 1989 (22 U.S.C. 5461) 
        and section 102 of the Freedom for Russia and Emerging Eurasian 
        Democracies and Open Markets Support Act of 1992 (22 U.S.C. 
        5812)), and in consultation with the Administrator for the 
        United States Agency for International Development, the 
        Director of the Global Engagement Center of the Department of 
        State, the Secretary of Defense, the Commander of United States 
        European Command, the Chief Executive Officer of the United 
        States Agency for Global Media, and the heads of other relevant 
        Federal agencies, coordinate and carry out activities to 
        achieve the goals described in subsection (b).
            (2) Method.--Activities to achieve the goals described in 
        subsection (b) shall be carried out through--
                    (A) initiatives of the United States Government;
                    (B) Federal grant programs such as the Information 
                Access Fund;
                    (C) nongovernmental or international organizations; 
                or
                    (D) support exchanges with countries facing state-
                sponsored disinformation and pressure campaigns, 
                particularly in Europe and Eurasia, provided that a 
                portion of the funds are made available through a 
                process whereby the Bureau of Educational and Cultural 
                Affairs of the Department of State solicits proposals 
                from posts located in affected countries to counter 
                state-sponsored disinformation and hybrid threats, 
                promote democracy, and support exchanges with countries 
                facing state-sponsored disinformation and pressure 
                campaigns.
            (3) Report on implementation.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than April 1 of each 
                year, the Secretary of State, acting through the 
                Coordinator of United States Assistance to Europe and 
                Eurasia, shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
                committees a report on the programs and activities 
                carried out to achieve the goals described in 
                subsection (b) during the preceding fiscal year.
                    (B) Elements.--Each report required by subparagraph 
                (A) shall include, with respect to each program or 
                activity described in that subparagraph--
                            (i) the amount of funding for the program 
                        or activity;
                            (ii) the goal described in subsection (b) 
                        to which the program or activity relates; and
                            (iii) an assessment of whether or not the 
                        goal was met.
    (e) Coordination With Global Partners.--
            (1) In general.--In order to maximize impact, eliminate 
        duplication, and speed the achievement of the goals described 
        in subsection (b), the Secretary of State shall ensure 
        coordination with--
                    (A) the European Union and its institutions;
                    (B) the governments of countries that are members 
                of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization or the 
                European Union; and
                    (C) international organizations and quasi-
                governmental funding entities that carry out programs 
                and activities that seek to accomplish the goals 
                described in subsection (b).
    (f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to apply to or limit United States foreign assistance not 
provided using amounts available in the Countering Russian Influence 
Fund.
    (g) Expansion of Pilot Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State shall expand the 
        pilot program required under section 254(g) of the Countering 
        America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act (22 U.S.C. 9543(g)) 
        to hire additional personnel within the Bureau for Democracy, 
        Human Rights, and Labor to develop and implement programs 
        focused on combating corruption, improving rule of law, and 
        building capacity of civil society, political parties, and 
        independent media.
            (2) Report on ensuring adequate staffing for governance 
        activities.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit to 
        the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives a report on implementation of the pilot program 
        required under section 254(g) of the Countering Russian 
        Influence in Europe and Eurasia Act of 2017 (22 U.S.C. 
        9543(g)).
    (h) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 
        Finance of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 706. COORDINATING AID AND ASSISTANCE ACROSS EUROPE AND EURASIA.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Government of the Russian Federation has applied, 
        and continues to apply traditional uses of force, intelligence 
        operations, cyber attacks, and influence campaigns, including 
        through the use of corruption, disinformation, and cultural and 
        social influence, which represent clear and present threats to 
        the countries of Europe and Eurasia;
            (2) in response, governments in Europe and Eurasia should 
        redouble efforts to build resilience within their institutions, 
        political systems, and civil societies;
            (3) the United States Government supports the democratic 
        and rule of law-based institutions that the Government of the 
        Russian Federation seeks to undermine, including the North 
        Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Organization for Security and 
        Cooperation in Europe, and the European Union;
            (4) the United States Government should continue to work 
        with and strengthen such institutions, including the European 
        Union, as a partner against aggression by the Government of the 
        Russian Federation through the coordination of aid programs, 
        development assistance, and other efforts to counter malign 
        Russian influence;
            (5) the United States Government should continue to work 
        with the individual countries of Europe and Eurasia to bolster 
        efforts to counter malign Russian influence in all its forms; 
        and
            (6) the United States Government should increase assistance 
        and diplomatic efforts in Europe, including in European Union 
        and NATO countries, to address threats to fundamental human 
        rights and backsliding in rule of law protections, operating 
        space for independent media and civil society, and other 
        democratic institutions, whose strength is critical to 
        defending against malign Russian influence over the long term.

SEC. 707. ADDRESSING ABUSE AND MISUSE BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF 
              INTERPOL RED NOTICES AND RED DIFFUSIONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The International Criminal Police Organization 
        (commonly known as ``INTERPOL'') works to prevent and fight 
        crime through enhanced cooperation and innovation on police and 
        security matters, including counterterrorism, cybercrime, 
        counternarcotics, and transnational organized crime.
            (2) United States membership and participation in INTERPOL 
        advances the national security and law enforcement interests of 
        the United States related to combatting counterterrorism, 
        cybercrime, counternarcotics, and combatting transnational 
        organized crime.
            (3) Article 2 of INTERPOL's Constitution states that the 
        organization aims ``[t]o ensure and promote the widest possible 
        mutual assistance between all criminal police authorities [. . 
        .] in the spirit of the `Universal Declaration of Human 
        Rights'''.
            (4) Article 3 of INTERPOL's Constitution states that, 
        ``[i]t is strictly forbidden for the Organization to undertake 
        any intervention or activities of a political, military, 
        religious or racial character.''.
            (5) Independent international nongovernmental organizations 
        have documented how several INTERPOL member countries, 
        including the Government of the Russian Federation and others, 
        have used INTERPOL's processes, including the red notice and 
        red diffusion mechanisms, for activities of a political 
        character.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Government of the Russian Federation and the governments of certain 
other countries have repeatedly abused and misused INTERPOL's red 
notice and red diffusion mechanisms for overtly political purposes and 
activities such as harassing or persecuting political opponents, human 
rights defenders, or journalists.
    (c) Censure of Abusive Activity and Institutional Reforms.--The 
Attorney General, in coordination with the Secretary of State, shall 
use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States at INTERPOL--
            (1) to inform the INTERPOL General Secretariat about cases 
        in which countries are misusing its systems for activities of a 
        political character or other purposes contrary to INTERPOL's 
        Constitution, so that appropriate measures may be taken by 
        INTERPOL;
            (2) to advance institutional reforms at INTERPOL, including 
        in the General Secretariat, the Commission for the Control of 
        Files, and the Notices and Diffusions Task Force within the 
        General Secretariat, to prevent member countries from abusing 
        and misusing INTERPOL's red notice and diffusion mechanisms;
            (3) to increase, to the extent practicable, dedicated 
        funding to the Commission for the Control of Files and the 
        Notices and Diffusions Task Force in order to further expand 
        operations related to the review of requests for red notices 
        and red diffusions; and
            (4) to censure member countries that repeatedly abuse and 
        misuse INTERPOL's red notice and red diffusion mechanisms, 
        including restricting the access of those countries to 
        INTERPOL's data and information systems.
    (d) Report on United States Support for INTERPOL Reforms.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the Attorney General, shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees an unclassified report on 
        United States support for institutional reforms at INTERPOL 
        that are necessary to address abuse and misuse of INTERPOL's 
        red notice and red diffusion mechanisms.
            (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) to the extent feasible, a description of United 
                States support for reforms that increase INTERPOL's 
                transparency with respect to--
                            (i) the number of red notices and red 
                        diffusions requested by each member country;
                            (ii) the number or proportion of requests 
                        for red notice or red diffusions rejected by 
                        INTERPOL, following internal review, for each 
                        member country;
                            (iii) how INTERPOL's General Secretariat 
                        identifies requests for red notice or red 
                        diffusions that are politically motivated or 
                        are otherwise in violation of INTERPOL's rules; 
                        and
                            (iv) how INTERPOL reviews and addresses 
                        cases in which a member country has abused or 
                        misused the red notice and red diffusion 
                        mechanisms for overtly political purposes; and
                    (B) a list of countries that the Secretary 
                determines have repeatedly abused and misused the red 
                notice and red diffusion mechanisms for political 
                purposes.
            (3) Public availability.--The report required by paragraph 
        (1) shall be posted on a publicly available interest website of 
        the Department of State and of the Department of Justice.
    (e) Prohibition Against Action on Abusive Red Notices and Red 
Diffusions.--An official of the United States may not take any action 
against a person based solely on the issuance of an INTERPOL red notice 
or red diffusion issued by a country identified on the list required by 
paragraph (2)(B) unless the Secretary, in consultation with the 
Attorney General, determines and certifies to the appropriate 
congressional committees that the red notice or red diffusion was not 
issued for political purposes.
    (f) Briefing on Resources for INTERPOL Washington.--Not later than 
90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Attorney 
General, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall brief the 
appropriate congressional committees on--
            (1) recommendations with respect to--
                    (A) the appropriate number of employees of the 
                United States at the United States National Central 
                Bureau and detailed to INTERPOL, including the Office 
                of Legislative Affairs, the Notices and Diffusion Task 
                Force, the Commission for the Control of INTERPOL's 
                Files, the Executive Committee of INTERPOL, and other 
                key positions at the headquarters of INTERPOL in Lyon, 
                France, or other offices of INTERPOL; and
                    (B) improving technological innovations, including 
                case management or other systems, of the United States 
                National Central Bureau; and
            (2) an estimate of the funding required to support those 
        recommendations.
    (g) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 708. REPORT ON ACCOUNTABILITY FOR WAR CRIMES AND CRIMES AGAINST 
              HUMANITY BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN SYRIA.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) In March 2016, Amnesty International issued a report 
        stating, ``Syrian and Russian forces have been deliberately 
        attacking health facilities in flagrant violation of 
        international humanitarian law. But what is truly egregious is 
        that wiping out hospitals appears to have become part of their 
        military strategy.''.
            (2) On September 21, 2017, Department of State Spokesperson 
        Heather Nauert said, ``The United States is concerned by 
        reports of airstrikes in Idlib province and northern Hama 
        province on September 19 and 20 that killed at least three 
        medical personnel and damaged a number of medical facilities, 
        emergency equipment, and civil defense centers. These attacks 
        fit an all-too-familiar pattern in which medical facilities and 
        personnel--and the civilians they serve--are victims of strikes 
        by the Syrian regime and its Russian allies.''.
            (3) In February 2018, Syrian and Russian airstrikes in 
        rebel-held areas killed 230 civilians and hit at least 9 
        medical facilities. In a statement on February 10, 2018, the 
        office of Zeid Ra'ad al-Hussein, the United Nations High 
        Commissioner for Human Rights, said the airstrikes ``may, 
        depending on the circumstances, all constitute war crimes''.
            (4) On March 6, 2018, the United Nations Independent 
        International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic 
        noted, ``[I]n one particularly harmful attack on 13 November, 
        the Russian Air Force carried out airstrikes on a densely 
        populated civilian area in Atareb (Aleppo), killing at least 84 
        people and injuring another 150. Using unguided weapons, the 
        attack struck a market, police station, shops, and a 
        restaurant, and may amount to a war crime.''.
    (b) Report Required.--The Secretary of State shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on alleged war crimes and 
crimes against humanity attributable to the Government of the Russian 
Federation or paramilitary forces or contractors responsive to the 
direction of that Government during the operations of that Government 
in Syria--
            (1) not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act; and
            (2) not later than 180 days after the date on which the 
        Secretary of State determines that the violence in Syria has 
        ceased.
    (c) Elements.--Each report required by subsection (b) shall include 
the following:
            (1) A description of alleged war crimes and crimes against 
        humanity described in subsection (b), including--
                    (A) any such alleged crimes that may violate the 
                principle of medical neutrality and, if possible, an 
                identification of the individual or individuals who 
                engaged in or organized such crimes; and
                    (B) if possible, a description of the conventional 
                and unconventional weapons used for such alleged crimes 
                and the origins of such weapons.
            (2) An assessment of whether such alleged crimes constitute 
        war crimes or crimes against humanity, including genocide.
            (3) A description and assessment by the Office of Global 
        Criminal Justice of the Department of State, the United States 
        Agency for International Development, the Department of 
        Justice, and other appropriate Federal agencies, of programs 
        that the United States Government has undertaken to ensure 
        accountability for such alleged crimes, including programs--
                    (A) to train investigators within and outside of 
                Syria on how to document, investigate, develop findings 
                with respect to, and identify and locate alleged 
                perpetrators of, such alleged crimes, including--
                            (i) the number of United States Government 
                        or contractor personnel currently designated to 
                        work full-time on such training; and
                            (ii) an identification of the authorities 
                        and appropriations being used to support such 
                        training; and
                    (B) to document, collect, preserve, and protect 
                evidence of such alleged crimes, including support for 
                Syrian, foreign, and international nongovernmental 
                organizations, and other entities, including the 
                International, Impartial and Independent Mechanism to 
                Assist in the Investigation and Prosecution of Persons 
                Responsible for the Most Serious Crimes under 
                International Law Committed in the Syrian Arab Republic 
                since March 2011 and the Independent International 
                Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic of 
                the United Nations.
    (d) Protection of Witnesses and Evidence.--In preparing the report 
required by subsection (b), the Secretary shall take due care to ensure 
that the identities of witnesses and physical evidence are not publicly 
disclosed in a manner that might place such witnesses at risk of harm 
or encourage the destruction of such evidence by the Government of the 
Russian Federation or the Government of Syria, violent extremist 
groups, anti-government forces, or any other combatants or participants 
in the conflict in Syria.
    (e) Form.--Each report required by subsection (b) may be submitted 
in unclassified or classified form, but shall include a publicly 
available annex.
    (f) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 
        Finance of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 709. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN SYRIA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees and leadership 
a report that includes--
            (1) an assessment of the willingness and capacity of the 
        Government of the Russian Federation to ensure the removal of 
        Iranian forces, Iran-aligned and Iran-directed militias and 
        paramilitaries, and other armed groups responsive to the 
        direction of Iran, from the territory of Syria;
            (2) a list of policies, actions, or activities that the 
        Government of the Russian Federation would take if that 
        Government were willing to ensure the removal of the forces, 
        militias, paramilitaries, and other armed groups described in 
        paragraph (1) from the territory of Syria;
            (3) a list of policies, actions, or activities that the 
        Government of the Russian Federation would take to ensure the 
        removal of the forces, militias, paramilitaries, and other 
        armed groups described in paragraph (1) from the territory of 
        Syria if that Government were capable of doing so;
            (4) an assessment of whether any of the policies, actions, 
        or activities described in paragraph (2) or (3) are being taken 
        by the Government of the Russian Federation;
            (5) an assessment of the specific commitments made by 
        officials of the Government of the Russian Federation to 
        officials of the Government of Israel with respect to the Golan 
        Heights and the presence of the forces, militias, 
        paramilitaries, and other armed groups described in paragraph 
        (1) in the territory of Syria;
            (6) an assessment of weapons, technologies, and knowledge 
        directly or indirectly transferred by the Government of the 
        Russian Federation to the regime of Bashar al-Assad, Lebanese 
        Hezbollah, Iran, or Iran-aligned forces in Syria that threaten 
        the security and qualitative military edge of Israel; and
            (7) an assessment of whether the presence of Russian forces 
        and Russian contractors in Syria limits the options of the 
        Government of Israel in taking steps to ensure its security 
        from threats emanating from the territory of Syria.
    (b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted 
in an unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees and Leadership Defined.--
In this section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees and 
leadership'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the majority and 
        minority leaders of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the 
        Speaker, the majority leader, and the minority leader of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 710. REPORT ON THE ASSASSINATION OF BORIS NEMTSOV.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees and leadership a report detailing the 
circumstances of the assassination on February 27, 2015, of Russian 
opposition leader Boris Nemtsov, including--
            (1) a list of the individuals the Secretary determines to 
        have been involved in the assassination as perpetrators or as 
        having organized or directed the assassination;
            (2) a description of what measures, if any, have been taken 
        by the Government of the Russian Federation to investigate the 
        assassination and bring the individuals described in paragraph 
        (1) to justice; and
            (3) an assessment of the effectiveness of those measures.
    (b) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be submitted 
in an unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees and Leadership Defined.--
In this section, the term ``appropriate congressional committees and 
leadership'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, 
        and the majority and minority leaders of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the 
        Speaker, the majority leader, and the minority leader of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 711. REPORT ON THE PERSONAL NET WORTH AND ASSETS OF VLADIMIR 
              PUTIN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence shall 
submit to the appropriate congressional committees a detailed report on 
the personal net worth and assets of the President of the Russian 
Federation, Vladimir Putin, including--
            (1) the estimated net worth and known sources of income of 
        Vladimir Putin and his family members, including assets, 
        investments, bank accounts, other business interests, and 
        relevant beneficial ownership information; and
            (2) an identification of the most significant senior 
        foreign political figures and oligarchs in the Russian 
        Federation, as determined by their closeness to Vladimir Putin.
    (b) Form of Report.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
be submitted in an unclassified form but may include a classified 
annex.
    (c) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 
        Finance of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 712. REPORT ON THE THREAT POSED BY RUSSIAN NATIONAL YEVGENIY 
              PRIGOZHIN AND HIS AFFILIATED STRUCTURES TO UNITED STATES 
              NATIONAL SECURITY.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence, in 
coordination with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense, 
shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report 
assessing the threat posed to the national security of the United 
States by Russian national Yevgeniy Prigozhin and his affiliated 
structures, including--
            (1) an assessment of the activities by the Wagner Group and 
        other mercenary organizations affiliated with Russian national 
        Yevgeniy Prigozhin in the Central African Republic, Venezuela, 
        Syria, Libya, Sudan, Madagascar, and other countries, and the 
        threat those activities may pose to the national interests and 
        national security of the United States;
            (2) an assessment of the nature of the relationship between 
        the Wagner Group and other organizations affiliated with 
        Yevgeniy Prigozhin and the military and the Government of the 
        Russian Federation; and
            (3) an assessment of the role of the Wagner Group and other 
        organizations affiliated with Russian national Yevgeniy 
        Prigozhin in the murder of Russian journalists Orkhan Dzhemal, 
        Alexander Rastorguyev, and Kirill Radchenko in the Central 
        African Republic on July 31, 2018.
    (b) Appropriate Congressional Committees Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee 
on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 713. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON VIOLATIONS OF LGBTI HUMAN RIGHTS.

    It is the policy of the United States that--
            (1) the United States strongly condemns human rights 
        violations against the LGBTI community in Chechnya, including 
        extrajudicial killings, abductions, torture, and other 
        violations of internationally recognized human rights; and
            (2) the United States calls on the Russian Federation to 
        fully investigate human rights violations against the LGBTI 
        community, hold perpetrators accountable, protect victims, and 
        stop persecuting activists who assist victims.

SEC. 714. ADDRESSING OBSTRUCTION BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION OF 
              MULTILATERAL ACTION THROUGH THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY 
              COUNCIL.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Russian Federation routinely uses its veto power 
        and influence at the United Nations Security Council to 
        obstruct multilateral action on global challenges, undermining 
        the security of the United States and countries around the 
        world.
            (2) The Russian Federation has vetoed more than a dozen 
        United Nations Security Council resolutions dealing with Syria 
        since the beginning of the conflict in Syria in 2011, including 
        resolutions dealing with the use of chemical weapons, the 
        humanitarian situation in Syria, and violations of human 
        rights.
            (3) In recent years, the Russian Federation has blocked 
        United Nations Security Council action related to numerous 
        security challenges, including those in Ukraine, Yemen, and 
        Venezuela.
            (4) The Russian Federation continues to impede efforts by 
        the United Nations Security Council to enforce sanctions with 
        respect to North Korea, including sanctions relating to North 
        Korean laborers and exports of petroleum products.
    (b) Report Required.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit 
        to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives an 
        unclassified report on Russian obstruction of multilateral 
        action in the United Nations Security Council.
            (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        describe--
                    (A) actions by the Russian Federation to block 
                multilateral action through the United Nations Security 
                Council counter to the policies of the United States;
                    (B) the benefits and disadvantages to United States 
                national security priorities of expanded United Nations 
                Security Council membership of both permanent and 
                rotating members;
                    (C) the position of the United States on United 
                Nations Security Council reform proposals presented by 
                other United Nations members and nongovernmental 
                actors; and
                    (D) diplomatic means to respond to obstruction by 
                the Russian Federation of multilateral action through 
                the United Nations Security Council.

SEC. 715. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON RESPONSIBILITY OF TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES 
              FOR STATE-SPONSORED DISINFORMATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that technology companies, particularly 
social media companies, share responsibility for ensuring that their 
platforms are free of disinformation sponsored by the Government of the 
Russian Federation and other foreign governments.

SEC. 716. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON POLITICAL PRISONERS IN THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Government of the United States condemns the 
        deliberate targeting and detention of political prisoners 
        within the Russian Federation, including--
                    (A) peaceful protesters;
                    (B) civil society activists;
                    (C) human rights advocates;
                    (D) journalists;
                    (E) Crimean Tatars;
                    (F) members of a political organization considered 
                ``undesirable'' in the Russian Federation; and
                    (G) adherents of a religious group prohibited by 
                the Russian Federation; and
            (2) the President should seek to impose targeted sanctions 
        on government officials of the Russian Federation responsible 
        for human rights abuses under existing authorities, including 
        the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act of 2012 
        (title IV of Public Law 112-208; 22 U.S.C. 5811 note) and the 
        Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act (subtitle F of 
        title XII of Public Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note).

SEC. 717. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON POLICY WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSIAN 
              FEDERATION IN AFRICA.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) Russian President Vladimir Putin seeks to increase the 
        influence of the Russian Federation in Africa to--
                    (A) project power and strategic influence in the 
                international arena by taking advantage of African 
                countries, including some that are economically and 
                politically vulnerable, in an opportunistic and 
                exploitative manner;
                    (B) increase access by the Russian Federation to 
                natural resources and raw materials without respect for 
                international anti-corruption and transparency best 
                practices; and
                    (C) expand the market for goods and services from 
                the Russian Federation, especially arms, oil, gas, and 
                nuclear energy;
            (2) President Putin recently convened delegates from 45 
        African countries, including 43 heads of state in Sochi, 
        Russian Federation, at the first Russia-Africa Forum on October 
        23 and 24, 2019;
            (3) during the Russia-Africa Forum, 13 African leaders held 
        bilateral meetings with President Putin;
            (4) President Putin announced that the Russian Federation 
        had signed ``more than 30 military tactical cooperation 
        agreements'' including for a ``large array of weaponry and 
        hardware'' by the conclusion of the Russia-Africa Forum;
            (5) the Russia-Africa Forum resulted in a reported 
        $12,500,000,000 in business deals, largely in arms, and 
        President Putin announced a $40,000,000,000 goal for trade with 
        Africa;
            (6) from 2006 to 2018, total trade by the Russian 
        Federation with sub-Saharan Africa reportedly increased by 336 
        percent;
            (7) the Russian Federation is the largest arms exporter to 
        the African continent, accounting for 49 percent of the total 
        estimated value of arms exports to North Africa (mostly to 
        Algeria), and 28 percent to sub-Saharan Africa in the period 
        from 2014 through 2018;
            (8) as it did in the 2016 United States election, the 
        Russian Federation has interfered in a number of recent African 
        elections to further its national economic and political 
        interests;
            (9) activities by the Russian Federation in Africa 
        include--
                    (A) meddling in democratic electoral processes;
                    (B) offering low or no cost financing to 
                impoverished countries in exchange for lucrative 
                natural resource contracts for firms controlled by 
                Russian state-backed oligarchs;
                    (C) supplying arms and munitions to governments 
                with autocratic leanings as well as occasionally to 
                rebel leaders; and
                    (D) installing military and, in some instances, 
                political advisors in key decision-making circles;
            (10) Yevgeniy Prigozhin, a close associate of President 
        Putin, the Wagner Group, and other entities affiliated with 
        Yevgeniy Prigozhin are frequently at the center of election 
        interference efforts by the Russian Federation and are often 
        beneficiaries of associated natural resource contracts;
            (11) in Madagascar, after meeting with the incumbent 
        President of the country, President Putin reportedly authorized 
        an electoral disinformation campaign on social media and 
        bolstered multiple spoiler presidential candidates in exchange 
        for lucrative mining concessions for a company controlled by 
        Yevgeniy Prigozhin;
            (12) in Guinea, the Russian Federation is supporting the 
        attempt by President Alpha Conde to overturn the Constitution 
        of Guinea and serve a third 5-year term, likely to preserve 
        access to Guinean bauxite for the top aluminum company in the 
        Russian Federation, Rusal;
            (13) in the Central African Republic, President Faustin-
        Archange Touadera appointed a former Russian intelligence 
        official as his security advisor and Moscow deployed soldiers 
        and private military contractors to train Central African 
        soldiers, reportedly in exchange for diamond and gold mining 
        access for entities affiliated with Yevgeniy Prigozhin;
            (14) in Libya, President Putin has reportedly disregarded 
        the United Nations arms embargo with respect to that country 
        and sent arms and mercenaries to bolster rebel General Khalifa 
        Haftar, calculating that control by General Haftar of the oil 
        rich regions of Libya would be in the economic best interests 
        of the Russian Federation;
            (15) in Sudan, interventions by the Russian Federation 
        range from arming the regime of former President Omar al 
        Bashir, to blocking United Nations Security Council sanctions 
        designations linked to the Darfur conflict, to facilitating 
        violent efforts to suppress opposition protests in early 2019 
        as the Russian Federation sought to preserve its mining and 
        energy contracts and gain strategic access to the Red Sea; and
            (16) in Zimbabwe, the Russian Federation courted President 
        Emmerson Mnangagwa when he went to Moscow seeking loans to 
        alleviate an economic crisis, with opportunities for the 
        Russian Federation to invest in oil and gas, diamond, and 
        platinum concessions from Zimbabwe as the likely draw.
                                                       Calendar No. 389

116th CONGRESS

  1st Session

                                 S. 482

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

    To strengthen the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, to combat 
   international cybercrime, and to impose additional sanctions with 
       respect to the Russian Federation, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                           December 18, 2019

                       Reported with an amendment
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