P-60. No. 102 

Issued January 1976 

Figure 1. 

Persons Below 

the Poverty level: 

1959 to 1974 

MILLIONS 

40-

30 

CURRENT. 

POPULATION 

REPORTS 

consun1er income 

CHARACTERISTICS 

OF THE POPULATION 

BELOW THE POVERTY 

LEVEL:l974 

PERCENT 

20 

10 

1959 1964 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

aureoau ef the Cen!>us 

20% 

10% 

1969 19~ 
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Rogers C. 8. Morton, Secretary 

James L Pats, Assistant Secretary 

for Economic Affairs 

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS. 

Vincent P. Barabba, Director 

Robert l. Hlg1n, Deputy Dh'ector 

D_,iel 8. Levine, Aucx;iate Director 

tor Demographic-Fields 

POPULATION DIVISION 

MBver Zitter. Chief 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

This report was prepared by Renee H. Miller, assisted by Antoinette F. Weir. Statistical assistance war provided by Cheryl M. Marshall. Pauline koustenis, and Vivian M. Simmons. This 

report war prepared under the direction of Roger A. Herriot, Chief of the Family and Individual Income Statistics Branch and Arno I. Winard, Staff Assistant for. Poverty Statistics. General review was provided by Murray S. Weitzman, Assistant Division Chief (Socioeconomic 

Statistics Programs}. Population Division. · · 

SUGGESTED CITATION 

U.S. Bureau of the Census, Current Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 102 

"Characteristics of the Population Below the Poverty Level: 1974," U.S. 

Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1976. 

For sale by the Superinumdent of Documents, U.S. Gowrnmeot Printing OffiCII, w.hington, D.C., 20402 

end U.S. Oeflattment of commerce, district offices, $3.20. Current POPUlation Re~ ~MuM~~ Seriti P-2<1, 

P-23. P-25. P-26. P-27. P-28 lsumi'Tllll'ies only) P-60, and P-66 .. eold • • ....... ClONOiidle.d 

sub$aipt ion at $56.00 per year, $14.00 alldditionel fortontign rmilint-
CURRENT 

POPULATION 

REPORTS 

consumer income 

P-60, No. 102 

Issued January 1976 

CHARACTERISTICS 

OF THE POPULATION 

BELOW THE POVERTY 

LEVEL:l974 

CONTENTS 

Introduction ......................................... . 

Highlights ........................................... . 

Changes in the poverty population by race and Spanish origin · · · · · · · · · 

The working poor . . . . . . . . · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 

Low~ncome families with female heads ....................... . 

The elder1y poor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : .............. . ... . 

Related materials ; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 

Current population survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 

Decennial census · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 

TEXT TABLES 

Table, 

t f I t I • I ' t 1 I f ~ 

I I I I I • ~ 

t I If I 4o 

• tIt t I I l I I . I p 

o o I to t f I If I f I 

I I I. It 1 t I It It 

A. Persons Below the Poverty Level by Race, Spanish Origin. and Age: 1973 and 1974 

.. 1 o I o I 

I I I I 

B. Persons Below the Poverty Level by Family Status and Sex of Head: 1973 and 1974 

C. Persons Below the Poverty Level by"Race and Spanish Origin: 1966 to 1974 

D. Poverty Status in 1974 and 1973 of Families by Work Experience and Race of Head · 

E. Families Below the Poverty Level by Sex and Race of Head: 1969 to 1974 . ,_. 

F. Persons 65 Years and Over by Poverty Status and Sex: 1970 to 1974 

G. Persons 65 Years and Over by Family Status and Poverty Status in 1974 . 

H. Distribution of Families With Head 65 Years and Over and Unrelated Individuals 65 Years and Over by 

Type of Income and Poverty Status in 1974 and Race 

CHARTS 

Figure 

Page 

1 

1 

4 

5 

6 

8 

9 

9 

1 0 

1 

3 

3 

4 

6 

7 

8 

1. Persons Below the Poverty Level: 1959 to 1974 . Cover 

2. Poverty Rates for Persons of Spanish Origin and Blacks are Higher Than Those for Whites 2 

3. Persons Below the Poverty Level by Race: 1966 to 1974 6 

DETAILED TABLES 

Trends in Low-Income Population 

Table 

1. Persons Below the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race of Head: 1959 to 1974 

2. Persons Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 to 197 4 . • . . .. . . . . . . . . . • . . . . ... , .. , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · 1 

3. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region of Persons, Families. and Unrelated Individuals by 

Low-Income Status, and Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1969, and 1971 to 1974 

4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 1959 and 

1969 to 1974 · 

5. Selected Measures of Income Deficit for Families and Unrelated Individuals Below the Low-!ncome 

Level by Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1963, and 1967 to 1974 

Page 

13 

6 

19 

24 

34 
II 

CONTENTS-Continued 

DETAILED TABLES-Continued 

PersOfls 

Table Page 

6. Age-Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Sex, and Race 3 5 

7. Fann-Nonfann Residence-Persons bv Lowlncome Status in 1974, Family Status, and Sex and Race 

of Head ................................•.. . .......... , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • • 36 

8. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region-Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family 

Status, and Sex and Race of Head 38 

9. Poverty Area Residence-Persons by Lowlncome Status in 1974, Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan 

R e s i d e n c e , F a m i I y S t at u s , a n d S e x a n d R a c e of H e a d , , 45 

10. Ten Federal Regions-Persons by Low-Income status in 1974, Family Status, and Race 50 

11. Educational Attainment-Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low~ncome Status in 1974, Age. Sex. 

and Race . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 

12. Work Experience bv Family Status-Persons 14 Years Old and Over bv low-Income Status in 1974 

and Race. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 

13. Work Experience bv Age-Persons 14 Years Old and. ·oVer· by · Low~ricome ·statUs· ·iri .1.974; · se~ · 'anci 'Race' · 6~ 

14. Occupation and Class of Worker of Longest Job-Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked Last Year 

by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race 70 

15. Industry of Longest Job-Persons 14 Yeas Old and Over Who Worked as Wage or Salary Worke~ Last 

Year by Lowlncome Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race . . 74 

16. Women by Marital Status-Women 15 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, Age, and Race 78 

Families 

17. Region-Families and Unrelated Individuals by Low-!ncome Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 80 

18: Detailed Mobility Status Between March 1970 and March 1975-Family Heads bv Low-Income Status in 

1974, Sex, and Race ........................ , , .••••••••••....•.. , , .... . , . . 8 1 

19. Living Arrangements-Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Age 8 3 

20. Size of Family-Families by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head. ·. . 8 6 

21. Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Old-Familiesbv Low-Income Status in.1974 and Sex and 

Race of Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7 

22. Children by Size of Family-Related Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income Status in 1974 and 

Sex and Race of Head • . , 88 

23. Age of Head-Families and Unrelated Individuals by Lowlncome Status in 1974 and Sex and Race 

of Head ~ . , ....... " .... "' .. ~ ........ , . , . ~ . , ........ , ... . . .................. , . s g 

24. Presence and Age of Own Children-Families by Low-Income Status in 1974, Type of Family, and Age 

of Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • • • 9 0 

25. Employment Status of Head in March 1 975-F amilie~ and Unrelated Individuals bv Low-Income Status 

in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 9 

26. Number of Earners by Relationship to Head-Familiesand Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status 

in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head .... . ...... .. . .•....•...•.. , .... . .... . •. , • , , . 9 2 

27. Work Experience of Head-Families and Unrelated Individuals by Low~ncome Status in 1974 and Sex 

and Race of Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 

28. Family Members by Work Experience of Head-Persons in Families by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex 

and Race of Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 6 

29. Children by Work Experience of Head-Own Children Under 18 and Under 6 Years Old by Low·!ncome 

Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head . . . . •. .•. ... • .. • . . . .. . •. . , ... •. • . • . . , . .. • • 9 7 

30. "Working Mothers"-Women With Own Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

W o r k E x p e r i e n c e , a n d R a c e 99 

31. Age of Own Children by Work Experience of Mother-Own Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income 

S t a t u s i n 1974 and R a c e o f M o t h e r 102 

32. Educational Attainment-Lowlncome Status j'j, 1974 of Family, Heads 25 Years Old and Over by Race 

and Sex and U n reI ate d Individuals 2 5 Yea r s 0 I d and 0 v e r by Sex 105 

33. Total Money Income in 1974- Families Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Presence of Related 

C h i I d r e n U n d e r 1 8 Y e a r s 0 I d a n d S e x a n d R a c e o f H e a d 106 
DETAILED TABLES-Continued 

Families-Continued 

Table Page 

34. Total Money I nco me in 1974 by Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Old-Families Below the 

Low-Income Level in 1974 by Race of Head 107 

35. Total Money Income in 1974 by Size of Family-Families and Related Children Under 18 Years Old 

Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head 108 

36. Total Money Income in 1974 by Region-Families and Unrelated Individuals Below theLow-!ncome 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head ......•••. • •... . ...... .. ... • · · • · · · · · · : · · · · • • 111 

37. Source of Income in 1974-F ami I ies and Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status in.1974 and Sex 

of Head . . . . . . . . - . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . · · · · · · · : · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · • • • · · • · 113 

38. Type of Income in .1974-Nurnber and Mean Income of Families and Unrelated Individuals by 

Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 114 

39. Income of Specified Type as Percent of Total Income in 1974-Families and Unrelated Individuals by 

Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 117 

40. Size of Income Deficit in 1974 for Families-Families Below the low-Income Level in 1974 ·by Number 

o f R e I a t e d C h i I d r e n U n d e r 1 8 Y e a r s 0 I d and Sex a n d Race o f H e a d 121 

41. Size of Income Deficit in 1974 for Unrelated Individuals-Unrelated Individuals Below the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race . • •..•...................••.•..•......... - . . . - - - • 1 2 2 

Supplementary Tables 

42. Persons of Spanish Origin by Low-Income Status in 1974. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence, 

Family Status, and Sex of Head . 123 

43. Persons by Type of Spanish Origin and Low-Income Status in 1974, for the United States and the Five 

Southwestern States .... - - . . . . . . . . ....... - - · . · · · • · · - · · • · · · · · · · · · · ·· · · · · · · · · · · · 1 2 5 

44. Selected Characteristics of Families and Unrelated Individuals of Spanish Origin and of Mexican Origin 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 • • 126 

45. Persons by Alternate Low-Income Levels in 1974, Family Status. and Race 128 

46. Selected Characteristics of Persons Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Race. ·. 129 

47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and. 

Race of Head ....................................... . ........... · · · · · · · · · · · - · · · · · · · · · 1 3 0 

48. Selected Characteristics of Unrelated Individuals Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level in 

1974 by Race ..... ... .............. .... .... . ......................... . ·. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 1 3 6 

APPENDICES 

Appendix A 

and Exp anations 

the Poverty Concept 

Defini ions 

Limitations of 

Comparability of Estimates From March 1975 CPS with Estimates for Previous Years 

Nonresponses a n d A 

Questionnaire and 

Other Limi 

Source and Rei 

Appendix B 

OEO Tabulation 

I I o cations 

a 

a b 

Procedural Changes 

i o n 

I i t y 

s 

0 f 

of the Data 

the Estimates 

Specifications 

Page 

139 

149 

149 

150 

151 

152 

152 

163 
IV CONTENTS-Continued 

APPENDIX TABLES 

Table 

A-1. Changes Between 1959 and 1974 in the Consumer Price Index and,the Average Low-Income 

Threshold for a Nonfarm Family of Four 

A;2. Income Thresholds at the Poverty Level in 1974 by Sex of Head, Size of Family, and Number of 

R e I a t e d C h i I d r e n U n d e r 18 Years 0 I d , b y F a r m - N o n fa r m R e s i d en c e 

A-3. Weighted Average Thresholds at the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Size of Family and Sex of 

Head, by Farm-Nonfarm Residence 

A-4. S t a n d a r d E r r o r s of E s t i m a t e d N u m b e r s f o r 1 9 6 6 . 1 9 7 4 ..... T o t a I o r W h i t e 

A-5. Standard Errors of Estimated Numbers for 1966.1974 - Negro and Other Races 

A-6. Standard Errors of Estimated Numbers of Persons Below the Poverty Level in the 10 Federal 

Regions ..•.••....•........••• , ........••.....•....•...•.•....•....•............• 

A-7. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Persons Below the Poverty Level - 1966.1974 

A-8. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Total Persons: 1 9 6 6 1 9 7 4 

A-9. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Families and Unrelated Individuals: 1966-1974 

A-10. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentaqe~ of Persons Below the Povertv. Level in. Federal Reajpns I to 

VII and IX ...................................................................... . A-11. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Persons Below the Poverty Level in Federal Regions VII I 

and X ................ , ........................................ , , . ~ .... t •• , , •••• , • 

A-12. Parameters for Estimated Numbers and Percentaqes of Persons, F~milies and Unrelated 

Individuals: 1966-1974 •· 

A-13. Parameters for Persons Below the Poverty Level .in 10 Federal Regions 

A-14. Year-to-Year Correlation Coefficients for Poverty Estimates - Numbers and Proportions 

Page 

143 

145 

146 

154 

154 

155 

156 

157 

157 

158 

159 

160 

160 

162 
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE POPULATION BELOW THE POVERTY LEVEL: 1974 

This report presents detailed social and economic statistics for the population of the United States below the 

poverty level in 1974 based on the March 1975 Current 

Population Survey (CPS). Data are preSented by selected chcr"acteristics such as race, family status. erucation, work experience, type a1d source of income, <11d 

residence in poverty areas. Several historical tables detailing a picture of the changing composition of the 

population below -and' above the poverty level since 

1959, the first year for which such data are available, 

are also presented. 

In this text. the terms "poverty," "low-income," 

and "poor" are 'used interchangeably. The' poverty 

threshold for a nonfarm family of four persons was 

$5,038 in 1974, about 11 percent higher than the comparable 1973 .cutoff of $4,540. The poverty thresholds 

are updated every year to reflect changes in the <11nual 

average Consumer Price Index (CPI). See page 143 for a 

detailed expl<11ation of the poverty level. 

Highlights 

• Reflecting the downturn in the economy and the 

substantial inflation, the number of low-income persons 

increased by 1.3 million or 5.6 percent between 1973 

and 1974 (table A). There were 24.3 million persons 

below the poverty level in 1974 comprising 12 percent 

of the U.S. population (table 1). 

White persons below the poverty ·level increased by 

1.1 million or 8 percent between 1973 and 1974 

whereas the change in the m.mber of low-income blacks 

was not statistically significant.' About 9 percent of 

white persons and 31 percent of black persons were be· 

low the poverty level in 1974 (figure2). 

. There were about 2.6 million persons of Spanish 

origin below the low-income level in 1974. The apparent 

increase in the number of poor persons of Spanish origin 

between 1973 a1d 1974 was not statistically signifiC<Vlt 

due to the large sampling variability for this group 

{table A). About 23 percent of the Spanish origin popuation was below the pov,erty level in 1974 (figure 2). 

'The apparent increase in the number of low-income blacks 

Wa5 79,000. However. the 95 percent confidence interval around 

this estimated increase ranged from -281,000 to +439,000. 

Table A. Persons Below tt.e Poverty Level by Race, Spanish Origin, a1d Age: 1973 and 197 4 

In thousands. Persons as of March of the following year. An asterisk(x) preceding number 

difference indicates statist ~llly significant change at the 95 ercent con fi 1de nce I eve I) 

1974 1973 Difference 

Characteristic 

Number Standard error :Nlllll.ber Number >tandard error 

.. RACE AND SPANISH ORIGIN 

Total .................. 24,260 362 22,973 *1 )287 392 

Spanish origin: ...... 2,601 213 2,366 235 218 

White ........................ 16,290 301 15,142 *1)148 338 

Black ........................ 7 '4 6 7 172 7,386 79 180 

Other races ................ .. 503 '52 443 60 53 

ACE 

Total,-. ....... ......... 24,260 362 22,973 XI ,287 392 

Under 14 years .. .............. 8, 128 205 7,545 *583 221 

14 to 64 years .......... ..... .. 1 2 ,824 267 12,074 *7 50 269 

65 years and over ............ 3,306 131 3,354 -46 143 
2 

·FIGURE 2. Poverty Rates for Pei-sons of SpariiSh 

Origin and Blacks are Higher than 

those for Whites 

Percent of each group bet ow 

the poverty level in 1974 

Origin 

• The survey indicated that between 1973 and 1974 

there was a 7 percent increase in the number of poor 

persons under 65 years of age, while the number of such 

persons 65 years and over did not change significantly. 

This was the first time since 1970, when substantial 

increases in Social Security benefits were enacted, that 

the number of aged poor did not decline. Social 

Security benefits increased at about the same rate as 

the Consumer Price Index during 1974. The poverty 

rate for aged persons was about 16 percent in 1974 

compared to 11 percent for those under 65 years 

(table 7). 

• Of the 24.3 million persons below the poverty 

level in 1974, about 19.4 million were family members, 

while the remainder were unrelated individuals (persons 

living alone or with nonrelatives). In 1974,.there were 

5.1 million families and 4.8 million unrelated individuals 

below the low-income level (table B). Both of these figures represented increases from the 1973 levels. 2 

Increases in the number of low-income families were 

observed regardless of the sex of the family head. The 

number of poor families with a male head increased 

from 2.6 million in 1973 to 2.8 million in 1974 and 

those with a female head increased from 2.2 to 2.4 million during the same period. The poverty rate in 1974 

was 33 percent for families headed by women compared to 6 percent for those headed by men.(table 1). 

2 The increase for unrelated individuals was statistically significant at the 93 percent confidence level. 

., 

' 

• Although a ·.consic;ierable increase ( 13 percent) in 

the number of. low-in'come nonaged white persons in 

families with a ··male head was observed over the past 

year, the major)iy of th(poor in 1974 were still either 

black, of Spanish' origin,:elderly or in families headed by 

women. These groups ~ogether comprised 66 percenfof 

the low-income population while they represented 27 

percent of those,above th~ .pov~rty level. 

• In 1973, there were 9.5 million related children 

under 18 years in families with incomes below the poverty level. Between 1973 and 1974 this figure increased 

by 8 percent to 10.2 million. The poverty rate for 

children during this period increased from 14.2 percent 

in 1973 to 15.5 percent in 1974 (table 1). 

• Between 1973 and 1974, the number of low-income 

families in Which the head worked at some time during 

the year increased from 2.5 to 2.7 million. In 1974, the 

poverty rate for. families headed by a worker was 6 

percent compared to 25 percent for those headed by a 

nonworker (table D). 

These are some of the highlights obtained from the 

Consumer_ I nco me Supplement conducted in March 

1975 in connection with the Bureau's monthly Current 

Population Survey (CPS). The information was collected from a sample of persons representing: ( 1) the 

civilian noninstit:utional population; and (2) members 

of the Armed, ;F,orces living off post or with their 

families on ·post in the United States. Unrelated individuals under 14 years of age are also excluded from this 

report. 

The poverty definition used in this report is based on 

an index developed at the Social Security Administration (SSA) in 1964, and revised by a Federal Inter· 

agency Committee in 1969. A directive from the Bureau 

of the Budget (described in the September 1969 Statistical Reporter) ;established the Census Bureau statistics on poverty'·ciS the standard data series to be used 

by all Federal agencies. 

The poverty concept is a statistical yardstick based on 

the Department of Agriculture's 1961 Economy food 

plan and reflects the different consumption requirements of families in relation to their size and composition, sex and age of the family head, and farm-nonfarm 

residence. A food-to-income ratio of one-third for families of three of ~more, based on the Department of 

Agriculture's 1955 Survey of Food Consumption, was 

used to derive the pOverty: thresholds from the economy food plan. 3 · · 

3 See page 143 f~r_,·further details. 
. ~: 

3 

Table B. Persons Below the Poverty Level by Family Slatus and Sex of-Head: 1973 and 1974 

·,· 

(In thousands. Persons as of March of the following year. 

difference indicates statistically significant change at 

- t : 

An as:t.e,risk1(~) preceding number 

the 95 percent ~confide nee level) 

. 

Characteristic 1974 1973 Difference 

Number Standard err:or Number .1Number Standard error 

All persons •••••••••••• 24,260 362 22' 973 *1 ,287 392 

In families ••••••• ~•••••o•••• 19,440 328 18,299 •. *1 ,141 355 

\\ ith male head ••••••••••• 10,877 251 10,121 ~756 271 

·with female head ••••••••• 8,563 224 M1 17M 385 243 

Head ••••••••••••••••••••••• 5,109 72 4,828 ~~ *2,81 81 

Male •••••••••••••••••.••• 2,757 54 2,635 i ~-122 60 

Female ••••••••••••••••••• 2,351 50 2,193 ~158 56 

Related children under 18 .. years ••••.•••••••••••••••• 10,196 244 9,453 '··· *743 262 

Other family members ••••••• 4,135 158 4,018 ' 117 171 

Unrelated individuals •••••••• 4,820 70 4,674 146 80 

Male ••••••••••••••••• • • • • • • 1,607 41 1,495 *112 46 

Female ...................... 3,212 58 3,179 33 66 

Table C. Persons Below the Poverty Level by Race and Spanish Origin: 1966 to 1974 

(In thousands. PerSons as of March of the followin~ year) 0 

White Black Spanish origin 

Year Standard Standard Standard Number Number Number error error error 

1974 ..................... 16,290 301 7,467 - 172 2,601 213 

1973 ..................... 15,142 292 7,388 172 2,366 203 

1972 ..................... 16,203 301 7,710 174 2,414 205 

1971. ..................... 17,780 314 7,396 172 (NA) (NA) 

1970 ..................... 1_7 '484 311 7,548 173 (NA) (NA) 

1969 ..................... 16' 659 305 7,095 170 (NA) (NA) 

1968 ..................... 17,395 311 7,616 173 (NA) (NA) 

1967 ..................... 18,983 323 8,486 17.9 (NA) (NA) 

1966 ..................... 19,290 325 8,867 181 (NA) (NA) 

NA Not available. 

Note: Persons of Spanish origin may be of any race, but the va~t majority are white. 

When analyzing CPS data on the low~income population, it is important to keep in mind that these data ·are 

based on a sample survey (47,000 households) and are 

therefore subject to sampling variability. An explanation 

of sampling variability is found on page 153 and text 

.. tables A, B, and C show examples of standard errors. 

As in all field surveys of income, the data are also subject to errors of response and nonreporting. For example, for many different reasons there is a tendency in 

household surveys for .respondents to underreport their 

income. UnderreportinQ is eSPecially pronounced for 

income sources that are. not derived from earnings, such 

as Social Security, public assistance, interest, dividends, 

net income frorn rentals, etc. More details on the limitations of the income data a.re given on page 141. In addition, the reader is reminded -~hat non money income is 
4 

not considered in calculating the poverty thresholds or 

in the income concept used to determine poverty status. 

Recently, however, receipts from nonmoney transfers 

such as food stamps have become an increasingly important element in the income of low-income persons.4 

For example, data from the April 1975 CPS indicate 

that about 40 percent of all poor families participated 

in the food stamp program. 5 

Changes in the Poverty Population by Race 

and Spanish Origin 

As shown in figure 1, the overall poverty population 

was reduced from 39.5 million in 1959 to 24.3 million in 1974. A sharp decrease was observed during the 

1964-69 period when the number of low-income persons declined by about 12 million. During the next 

4 Statistical Abstract of the United States 1975, Table 664. 5 Coder, John F., "Characteristics of Households Purchasing 

Food Stamps in 1974," American Statistical Association, Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, 1975. 

5-year period (1969-74), the number of poor has fluctuated so that in 1974 the figure was not significantly 

different from the .1969 level. However, as the total 

population has increased since 1969, the proportion 

of persons beloW the poverty level was somewhat 

lower in 1974 than in 1969 (11.6 percent compared 

to 12.1 percent). 

Figure 3 shows a decrease in both the number of 

white and black persons below the poverty level between 1966 and 1969.6 The rate of decline was sharper 

for blacks than for whites. during this period (20 percent compared to 14 percent). There has been no discernible trend for either race .for the 1969-74 period. 

The number of low-income whites fluctuated with the 

result that the 1974 figure of 16.3 million was not significantly different from the 1969 figure of 16.7 million. A definite statement on the trend for low-income 

blacks since 1969 cannot be made because of the relativelY large sampling variability for this group (see 

6 1966 is the first year that data for blacks a~e available. 

Table D. Poverty Status in 1974 and 1973 of Families by Work Experience and Race of Head 

(NumberS in thousands, Families as of March of the following year) 

1974 1973 

Work experience and Below povertY level Below poverty level race 

of head Total Percent Percent Total Percent Percent 

Number distri- of Number distri- of 

but ion total but ion total 

All families 1 .•••••• 55,712 5,109 100,0 9.2 55,053 4,828 100.0 8.8 

Head worked last year •••• 45,146 2,691 52.7 6.0 45,154 2,482 51.4 5,5 

Year round full time ••• 34,195 980 19,2 2,9 34,874 879 18.2 2,5 

Part year or part time. 10,951 1,711 33.5 15.6 10,280 1,603 33.2 15.6 

Head did not work last 

year •.•.•••••••••••••••. 9,639 2,390 46,8 24.8 8,978 2,330 48.3 26.0 

White families 1 •••••• 49,451 3,482 100,0 7.0 48,919 3,219 100.0 6.6 

Head work last year •••••• 40,550 1,935 55.6 4,8 40,627 1,712 53.2 4.2 

Year round full time .•• 31,174 772 22.2 2,5 31,803 609 18.9 1.9 

Part year or part time. 9,376 1,163 33,4 12,4 8,824 1,103 34,3 12,5 

Head did not work last 

year .••••..•••.•• o •••••• 8,088 1' 524 43,8 18.8 7,492 1,495 46.4 20,0 

Black families 1 o ••••• 5,498 1, 530 100,0 27.8 5,440 1, 527 100.0 28,1 

Head work last year •••••• 3,993 712 46.5 17.8 3,979 729 47,7 18.3 

Year round full time, •• 2,558 196 12.8 7.7 2,653 246 16.1 9.3 

Part year or part time. 1,435 516 33,7 36,0 1,326 483 31.6 36.4 

Head did not work last 

year •••• o ••••••• o ••••••• 1,419 815 53.3 57.4 1,367 793 51.9 58 .o 

1Totals include members of the Armed Forces, not shown separately. 
table C). Low-income blacks comprise about 3.6 percent of the entire population and consequently small 

changes over time are difficult to measure from sample 

survey results. 

The survey indicates that there were 2.6 million 

persons of Spanish origin below the. poverty level in 

1974 and 2.4 million in 1972 (the earliest year for 

which comparable data are available). However, because of the small sample size for this group, it is not 

possible to determine with sufficient confidence whether there is a difference between the two figures. 

FIGURE J. Persons Below the Poverty Level by 

Race : 1966 to 1974 

10~--------------------------, 

Bleck Persons 

1966 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 

The Working Poor 

As part of the overall reduction in the number of 

families below the poverty level between 1959 and 

1973, the number of such families in which the family 

head worked at some time during the year declined 

from 5.6 million to 2.5 million and the poverty rate for 

these families was reduced from 14.6 percent to 5.5 

percent (table 4). However, during the 1973·74 period, 

an increase was noted in both the number of such lowincome families and in their rate (table D). 

The increased poverty rate among families with heads 

who worked at some time during 1974 can be accounted for in part by a decline in the proportion of such 

families who were headed by a year-round full-time 

worker. Hoyvever, for families headed by a year-round. 

5 

full-time worker, the poverty rate increased somewhat 

between 1973 and 1974. This increase was noied only 

among white families. In contrast, there was a decrease 

in the rate for comparable black families. Of the low· 

income white families headed by a year-round fulltime worker, about one-fourth had total incomes 

which fell in the "Under $1,000 or Loss" category 

in 1974 compared to one·fifth in 1973. The corre· 

sponding figures .for black families were considerably 

lower and did not show any evidence of change between 1973 and 1974. 

The increased incidence of losses between 1973 and 

1974 among white families is reflected in the poverty 

data. Caution, however, must be used in interpreting 

poverty data that include losses. Since a loss is a negative income amount, it will reduCe the family's total income, but this lower family income could be misleading 

in terms of the available purchasing power. Families are 

classified as being above or below the poverty line based 

on the total money income received by all family 

members during the calendar year. Of the low-income 

families that received self-employment income, about 

four-fifths also received income of another type. A 

loss in self-eniployment income could offset the income 

from other sources and result in the classification of 

the family as "poor," even though the income from 

other sources was greater than the appropriate poverty 

threshold. In addition, for many self·employed persons, 

gains and losses are sometimes offset when the time 

span considered is a longer period than the single calendar year that is used to determine poverty status. It 

is not unusual, for example, for a farmer to report a 

loss one year and then recoup the next year. Although 

a family may suffer considerable hardship because of 

losses, the available data are insufficient to· accurately 

determine the economic well-being of such families. 

Among the other factors relating to the poverty 

status of workers in 1974, the increased unemployment 

rates for both blacks and whites are frequently mentioned. As noted by Robert Stein,7 however, there is 

generally a lack of overlap between the unemployed and 

the poor. Several factors are important in explaining 

this lack of overlap. First, the unemployment data relate to one week out of each month whereas the poverty 

statistics are based on money income received during 

the entire calendar year. The difference in the length 

of the time period that is used to compute the unemployment and the poverty rates is important to note 

because the data indicate that there are high turnover 

rates among the unemployed; i.e., most of those who 

are unemployed at some time during the year are employed for part of the year. In addition, even when unemployed, the majority of jobless workers receive some 

7 "Relationship Between Poverty Measures and Unemployment Measures at the National Level," working paper by Robert 

Stein (BLS), prepared for Poverty Study Task Force. 
6 

income from unemployment compensation. It should 

also be noted that since income from all family members is included in the income concept used to determine poverty status, it is quite possible for a family 

in which the head was unemployed for part of the 

year to have an annual income above the poverty level. 

Furthermore, in 1974, the wages of many of the 

workers that were laid off were relatively high for the 

part of the year in which they worked. 

low-Income Families With Female Heads 

Although an increase was noted in the number of 

low-income families in which the head worked at some 

time during 1974, the poverty rate for these families 

(6 percent) was still far lower than for the groups that 

are usually not associated with the work force, i.e., 

families headed by women and the elderly. About 

three-fifths of all low-income female heads of families did not work at all during 1974, and of the female 

heads that did work, about 45 percent worked less 

than half the year (table 27). 

Changes over time. Each year from 1970 to 1973,8 

it has been reported that families headed by women 

have become an· increasing proportion of all poor families so that by 1973, 45 percent of all poor families 

were headed by a female compared to 37 percent in 

1970 !table E). The increase in this proportion from 

1970 to 1973 resulted from a decrease in the number 

of poor families headed by men along with an increase 

in the corresponding number of families headed by 

women. Between 1973 and 1974, however, low-income 

families headed by a male increased along with their 

female CO!Jnterparts and as a result the proportion of 

all low-income families which were headed by women 

did not change significantly during this period. 

It should be noted, however, that although the number of low-income female headed families has risen between 1970 and 1974, their poverty rate has not 

8 The apparent increase between 1969 and 1970 in the proportion of low-income families with a female head was not 

statistically significant. 

Table E. Families Below the Poverty Level by Sex and Raoe of Head: 1969 to 1974 

(Numbers in thousands. Families as of March of the following year) 

Sex and race of head 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 

Total . .......•........... 5,109 4,828 5;015 5,303 5,260 5,008 

Male head ....... o •••• o. o • ••••• o 2,757 2,635 2,917 3,203 3,309 3,181 

Female head. o •••• o •••••••••••• o 2,351 2?193 2,158 2,100 1,951 1,827 

Percent female head .......... 46.0 45.4 42.5 39.6 37.1 36.5 

Poverty rate ...••. .•... o • •••• 32.5 32.2 32.7 33.9 32,5 32.7 

White . .. 0 ••••••••••••••• o •• 3,482 3,219 3,441 3,751 3,708 3,575 

Male head .. o • o ••• ••• o •••• o ••••• 2,185 2,029 2,306 2,560 2,606 2,506 

Female head .. o • o ••••• o ••• o • o o o • 1,297 1,190 1,135 1,191 1,102 1,069 

Percent female head •..... o ••• 37,2 37,0 33,0 31.8 29.7 29.9 

Poverty rate . ... o •••••••••••• 24.9 24.5 24.3 26.5 25,0 25.7 

Black .. o.o ••• o •••••• •••••••• 1,530 1,527 1,529 1,484 1,481 1,366 

Male head . •. o • o ••• o o •••• o •••••• 506 553 558 605 648 629 

Female head . .. o ••• o •• · •••••••••• 1,024 974 972 879 834 737 

Percent female head ... ·0 •••• o o 66.9 63,8 63.6 59,2 56.3 54.0 

Poverty rate .. ............... 52.8 52.7 53,3 53,5 54.3 53.3 

Note: Comparable data for the years 1959 to 1968 can be found in table 1. 
changed significantly during this period. This reflects, 

in part, the increase in the proportion of female headed 

families in the total population (11.5 percent in 1970 

to 13.0 percent in 1974). · · 

Since 1969, there have 'been some changes in the 

demographic characteristics of loW-income· families 

with a female head. In 1974 these families were more 

likely to be black, younger~ and have fewer children 

under 18 present than their counte,rpaits of 5 years 

ago. In 1969, about 40 percent of all poor families 

headed by women were black. By 1974, this figure 

had risen to 44 percent. The media'n age fOr low-income 

female headed families declined from 39.2 years in 

1969 to 34.3 years in 1974, and the mean number of 

children under 18 years present declined from 2.8 in 

1969 to 2.5 in 1974 (table 4). This decline in the number of children per family is in line with the decrease 

in family size which has been observed for the Nation 

as a whole primarily as a result of the declining birth 

rate of the past decade. 

7 

On the other hand, there were no significant changes 

in the work experience characteristics of female headed 

families· below the poverty level between 1969 and 

1974. The proportion of these families that were headed 

by workers was about two-fifths in both 1969 and 

1974. Service workers represented the predominant 

occupation categoiy in both years (table 4). 

Type of income in 1974. Black families headed by 

women were more likely to receive public assistance 

than corresponding white families, regardless of poverty 

status. The figures for the poor in 1974 were 73 percent 

for blacks compared to 55 percent for whites (table 38). 

White female headed famines, however,were more likely 

to depend on unearned income from sources other than 

government transfer programs (for example, dividends, 

interest, alimony, or private pensions) than their black 

counterparts. In addition, the mean income amount 

received from these sources in 1974 was considerably 

higher for white than for black families (table 38). 

This could, in part, explain why the poverty rate for 

Table F. Persons 65 Years and Over by Poverty Status and Sex: 1970 to 1974 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March of the following year) 

Sex and poverty status 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 

BOTH SEXES 

All persons 65 years and 

over •••••••••••••.•••••. 21' 127 20,602 20,117 19,827 19,254 

Below poverty level ••• , ••.. , ••• 3,308 3,354 3,738 4,273 4,709 

Poverty rate •••..•..••.•. , ....• 15.7 16,3 18.6 21.6 24,5 

MALE 

All persons 65 years and 

over ..........•. , •...•.... s, 722 s, 528 8,340 8,272 8,165 

Below poverty level •.••.••..•.. 1,033 1,056 1,096 1,290 1,552 

Poverty rate, .........•........ 11.8 12.4 13.1 15.6 19.0 

FEMALE 

All persons 65 years and 

over ......•.•............. 12,404 12,074 11,777 11,555 11,090 

Below poverty level ..........•. 2,275 2,298 2,642 2,983 3,158 

Poverty rate ..... ,, ...•..•....• 18.3 19.0 22.4 25.8 28.5 
8 

families with a female head who did not work at all 

during 1974 was lower for whites than for blacks 

(38 percent compared to 72 percent) (table 27). 

The Elderly Poor 

Changes over time. The decline in the number of low, 

income elderly (persons 65 years and over) was pronounced during the 1970 to 1973 period when substantial increases in Social Security benefits were 

enacted (table F). The proportion of the poverty population represented by the aged was therefore reduced 

from 19 percent in 1970 to 15 percent in 1973. The 

poverty rate for this group declined from about one 

in four to one in six during this period. Between 1973 

and 1974, when Social Security benefits increased at 

about the same rate as the Consumer Price Index, 

neither the number of poor persons 65 years and over 

nor their rate showed a statistically significant change. 

Family status of the elderly. The majority (62 percent) of low-income aged persons in 1974 were either 

living alone or with nonrelatives (i.e., they were unrelated individuals). The reverse was true for the total 

elderly population where about 69 percent were family 

members (table G). The elderly who were family members had far lower poverty rates than those who were 

unrelated individuals (9 percent and 32 percent, respectively). Low-income aged family members were 

distributed about equally by sex, whereas, among 

low-income unrelated individuals, women outnumbered men by about 4 to 1. 

Most elderly male family members in poverty were 

family heads while about three-fifths of the elderly 

female family members were wives. Only about 5 

percent of all low-income aged family members were 

considered ·~other relatives" (i.e., they were neither 

family heads nor wives) of a younger family head. 

The comparable figure for the total elderly population 

was 10 percent. 

Table G. Persons 65 Years and Over by Family Status and Poverty Status in 1974 

(Numbers in thousands . Persons as of March 1975) 

All income levels Below poverty level 

Family status Percent Percent Percent 

Number distri'- Number of distribut ion total bution 

All persons 65 years and over. 21,127 100.0 3,308 15.7 100.0 

Family members •••. ..•....•.•..•..••. 14,625 69.2 1,243 8.5 37.6 

Head • .•. o • o •••••••••••• o • o • o •••••• 8,034 38.0 760 9.5 23.0 

Wife .•. 0 • •••••••• o • ••••••••••••••• 4,589 21.7 382 8.3 11.5 

Other relative ••..•...•...•..•...• 2,002 9.5 101 5.0 3.1 

Of head under 65 years •. o. o •••• o 1,498 7.1 65 4.3 2.0 

Unrelated individuals . ... o ••• ••••• o. 6,502 30.8 2,065 31.8 62.4 

Male o •••• o •••• o ••••• o • o • o ••••••••• 1,455 6.9 390 26.8 11.8 

Female .. ...... o •• o • ••••• o o. o • ••••• 5,047 23.9 1,675 33.2 50.6 

Living alone . .•.... o • ••••••••••• 4,718 22.3 1,544 32.7 46.7 

Male family members .• ...•••....• 7,267 100.0 643 8.8 100.0 

Head . .•.•••.•.••.•....... o • ••••••••• 6,925 95.3 616 8.9 95.8 

Other relative ..... o ••••••••••• • _ •••• 342 4.7 27 7.9 4.2 

Of head under 65 years • •.•.•. · •.. o • 228 3.1 13 5.7 2.0 

Female family members •. ..•....•. 7,357 100.0 600 8.2 100.0 

Head • •••.••.•.••••••••...•.. o ••••••• 1,108 15.1 144 13.0 24.0 

Wife of head . .••.•..•.•••••..... o • •• 4,589 62.4 382 8.3 63.7 

Other relative .• 0 •• o •••• o. o ••••••••• 1,660 22.6 74 4.5 12.3 

Of head under 65 years •.• o •••••••• 1,270 17.3 52 4.1 8.7 
'· 

9 

Table H. Distribution of Families With Head 65 Years and Over and Unrelated Individuals 65 Years and Over 

by Type of Income and Poverty Status in 1974 and Race 

{Families and unrel~ted individuals as of March 1975) 

All income levels Below poverty level 

Type of income All All White Black White Black races races 

FAMILIES 

Number •••••••• thousands •• s, 034 7,319. 641 760 567 177 

Percent 1 ••••••••••••••• 100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Earnings ••••••••••••••••••••••• 51.8 51.2 55.5 35.4 31.7 44.1 

Income other than earnings: 

Public Assistance and 

Supplemental Security . . ~ncorne •••••••••••••••••••• o. 9.9 7.9 34.2 30.0 26.1 45.2 

Social Security income ••••••• 90.5 90.7 88.1 85.3 84.5 88.7 

Other transfer income 2 ••••••• 21.9 22.2 17.3 6.4 4.9 7.9 

other uneanted income3 ••••••• 69.5 73.0 28.9 29.6 34.2 13.0 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUAlS 

Number ••••••• thousands ••• 6,.502 5,874 577 2,065 1,697 349 

Percent 1 ••••••••••••••• 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Earnings ••••••••••••••••••••••• 18.2 18.0 20.7 8.6 7.7 12.6 

Income other than earnings: 

Public Assistance and 

Supplemental Security 

income •••••• o o •• ~ •• " •••••••• 14.5 12.0 38.5 28.1 23.9 49.1 

Social Security income ••••• .,. 89.7 90.5 81.4 84.4 85.9 77.6 

Other transfer income2 ••••••• 16.0 16.8 9.4 7.0 8.0 2.6 

Other unearned income3 ••••••• 57.4 61.5 17.2 30.2 34.8 6.6 

1Detail does not add to total because some families have more than one of the types 

of income specified. 2Unemployrnent and workmen's compensation, government employee pensions, veterans' 

payments. 3Private pensions, annuities, regular contributions from persons outside the 

household, etc. 

.Type of income. Unrelated individuals 65 years and 

over were more likely to have received Social Security 

than any other type of income. This was true regardless of poverty status or race (table H). Among lowincome white aged unrelated individuals, the n·ext 

largest category was income from sources other than 

earnings and government transfer payments (i.e., property income, pensions, and contributions from persons 

residing outside the household). For comparable blacks, 

the second largest category was supplementa'l security 

income and other types of public assistance. Only 

about 9 percent of all low-income unrelated individuals 65 years and over received income from earnings in 1974. The figure was about four times higher 

for the aged who were family heads. 

RELATED MATERIALS 

Current Population Survey 

Current Population Survey Reports. A detailed 

explanation of the low-income concept appears in 

Current Population Reports, Series P-23, No. 28, 

"Revision in Poverty Statistics, 1959 to 1968.". 
10 

A detailed description of the original poverty index 

developed by the Social Security Administration 

appears in the following articles by Mollie Orshansky 

published in the Social Security Bulletin: "Counting 

the Poor: Another Look at the Poverty Profile,"' 

January 1965, and in "Who's Who Among the Poor: 

A Demographic View of Poverty," July 1965. 

Data on poverty based on the original poverty definition appear in Current Population Reports, Series 

P-60, No. 54, "The Extent of Poverty in the United 

States: 1959 to 1966." Comprehensive data and analysis 

of poor persons and families based on the revised 

definition of poverty appear in Series P-60, No. 68, 

"Poverty in the· United States, 1959 to 1968;" P-60, 

No. 76; "24 MILLION AMERICANS, Poverty in the 

United States: 1969;" P-60, No. 81, "Characteristics 

of the Low-Income Population: 1970;" P-60, No. 86, 

"Characteristics of the Low-Income Population: 1971 ;" 

P-60, No. 91, "Characteristics of the Low-Income 

Population: 1972," P-60, No. 95, "Supplementary 

Report on the Low-Income Population: 1966 to 1972" 

and P-60, No. 98, "Characteristics of the Low-Income 

Population: 1973." Data based on the Current Population Survey showing the distribution of families and 

persons, by income levels, appear in the other P-60 

reports, the latest of which is P-60, No. 101, "Money 

Income in 1974 of Families and Persons in the United 

States." 

Advance data on the low-income population in 1974 

cross-classified by selected characteristics appear in 

Current Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 99, 

"Money Income and Poverty Status of Families and 

Persons in the United States: 1974." 

Data on the employment status of persons in poverty 

areas appear in Employment and Earnings, Volume 22, 

No.4, October 1975. 

A summary of the changes in the composition Of the 

low-income popUlation since 1959 and the limitations 

of the data used to quantify poverty are presented in 

"Trends and Composition of the Low-Income Popula· 

tion," by Renee Miller and Arno Winard, Proceedings of 

the Social Statistics Section, American Statistical As· 

sociation, 1974. 

An analysis of the characteristics Of food stamp 

households appears in "Characteristics of Households 

Purchasing Food Stamps in 1974" by John Cocer, 

Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, American 

Statistical Association, 1975. 

Office of Economic Opportunity Tabulations. The 

data in Tables 6, 10-15, 35, 39, 42, 45, and 46 of this 

report were extracted from a series of tabulations 

prepared for and previously distributed by the Office of 

Economic Opportunity (OEO). These tabulations 

contain more detailed cross-classifications by age and 

other characteristiCs than are shown in the tables 

presented in this report. The complete contents of the 

OEO tables are outlined in appendix 8. 

Decennial Census 

Poverty data collected in the 1970 Census of Population appear in a number of published reports. Selected 

characteristics of persons,· families, and unrelated 

individuals below the poverty level, for the United 

States, each of the States, counties, standard metropolitan statistical areas, urbanized areas, and urban 

places are presented in 1970 Census of Population, 

Vol. I, Characteristics of the Population, chapter C, 

"General Social and Economic Characteristics." Statistics on poverty status in 1969 of persons and families 

by detailed characteristic~. including cross-classifications 

by race, age, weeks worked, education, type of family, 

etc., are presented in 1970 Census of Population, Vol. I, 

Characteristics of the Population, chapter D, "Detailed 

Characteristics," for some or all of the following areas: 

United States, each of the States, and standard metropolitan statistical areas of 250,000 inhabitants or more. 

Further information is contained in Data Access De--

scription No. 29, Collection, Evaluation, and Processing 

Series CEP-7, "Low-Income Data from the 1970 

census."· 

Cross-classifications of poverty status in 1969 for 

persons and families by detailed social, economic, and 

housing characteristics are presented in 1970 Census of 

Population, Volume II Report PC(2)-9A, "Low-Income 

Population." Tables are generally for the United States, 

although some are repeated for regions and metro· 

politan-nonmetropolitan residence. Data on the social, 

economic, and housing characteristics of the low-income 

population residing in poverty areas in the 50 largest 

cities can be found in 1970 Census of Population, 

Volume II Report PC(2)-98, "Low-Income Areas in 

Large Cities," "Supplementary Report PC(S1 )-56, 

"Selected Characteristics of the Population in LowIncome Areas of Large Cities," and Supplementary Reports PC(S1 )-65 to PC(S1 )-1 03, "Low-Income Neighborhoods in·. Large Cities: 1970." Selected data on the 

poverty status in 1969 and 1959 of persons and families 

for the United States, each of the States, counties, 

standard metropolitan statistical areas (SMSA's), and 

central cities of large SMSA's appear in 1970 Census of 

Population, Supplementary Report, PC (S 1)-1 05, 

"Poverty Status in 1969 and 1959 of Persons and 

Families, for States, SMSA's, Central Cities, and Counties: 1970 and 1960." · 

Statistics on income in 1969 collected in the Current 

Population Survey of March 1970 differ from data for 

that year tram the 1970 census despite the fact that the 

same basic concept was used in both instances. In the 

. first place, the survey data exclude the institutional 
.. ~ ...... "',''. 

population and most members of the Armed Forces 

living on post. These two groups were included in the 

census. Secondly, college students are generally enu· 

merated at their own homes in the Current Population 

Survey and classified as family members, but were 

enumerated at their college residence in the census, 

usually as secondary individuals. Thirdly,· the small 

group of Current Population Survey interviewers was 

more experienced and had more intensive training and 

supervision than the large number of temporary census 

enumerators arid may have more often obtained more 

accurate answers from respondents. Furthermore, ap· 

proximately 60 percent of the households were self· 

enumerated in the 1970 census. Moreover, income data 

in the Current Population Survey are based on responses 

to separate questions on eight types of income, as well 

as responses to additional yes-no circles within 3 of 

these questions, whereas in the census only six questions 

were used. 

., 

11 

In general, the number of persons and families below 

the poverty level reported in the census is higher than 

that reported in the Current Population Survey. The 

number of poor persons in the 1970 census was 27.1 

million. compared to 24.1 million derived from the 

March 1970 Current Population Survey. The compar· 

able figures for low-income families were 5.5 milliOn 

and 5.0 million, respectively. 

For a more detailed discussion of the overall income 

differences between the 1970 census and the Current 

Population Survey, see "Preliminary Evaluation of 

1969 Money Income Data Collected in the 1970 Census 

of Population and Housing" by Mitsuo Ono, American 

Statistical Association Proceedings of the Social Statis· 

tics Section, 1972. 
~· ~· ' ' 

, .. 

~V"'\ " 

·.j 

~ !' '\ 

•' .J 

:.~) ~ 

~·· 

a 
Table 1. Persons Below the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 to 1974 

(Numbers in thousands Persons as of Ilardi of the following year The line "Head" refer~ to the number of families) 

Family status and sex 

and race of head 

All Persons 

Total. 

Percent 65 years 

and over. 

In families .. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other family members 

Unrelated IndiViduals. 

1914 

24,260 

13.6 

19,440 

5,109 

10,196 

4,135 

4,820 

1973 

22,973 

14,6 

16,299 

4,828 

9,453 

4,018 

4,674 

1972 

24,460 

15.3 

19,577 

5,075 

10,082 

4,420 

4,883 

1971 1970 1969 L 

I 

25,559125,4201 N,147 

16.7 18.91 {NA) 

20,405 

5,303 

10,344 

4 '757 

5,154 

20,330 

5,260 

10,235 

4,835 

5,090 

' 19,175 

5,008 

9,501 

4,667 

4,972 

1968 1967 1966 2 

25,389 27,7691 28,510 

I 1!1.3 19.4 I 17.9 

2~:~:~ i 2~:~~~ 2~:~~: 10,739 ll,427/12,146 

4,909 5,677 5,879 

4,694 4,998 4,701 

1965 : 

I 

33,165 36,055, :i6,436 

(NAJ (NAJ 

28,358. 30,91£ )1,498. 

6,721 7,160 1 7,554 

14,388' 15,736 '15,691 

7,249; 8,016. ;8,·.~,", 

White. 16' 290 15,142 1_6,203! 17,7!!0 17,484 16,659 17,395 18,983 19,290 

4,8271 5,143 " 

22,496 24,957 _25,238 

Percent 65 years I . and over,. 

In families 

Head .• 

Rela.ted children. 

Other faaUy ...... ben. 

Unrelated individuals. 

J(egro and other races. 

Percent 65 years 

and over. 

In families. 

1\ead. 

Rela.ted children. 

Other family mellbera. 

Unrelated tndivtduala. 

Negro. 

-Percent 65 years 

and over. 

In t .. Utea. 

Head. 

Related chlldren .... , 

Other r .. uy members. 

Unrelated indivtduala. 

Persons tn Fa.ailies With 

Male Head and Male 

Unrelated Individuals 

Total. 

Percent 65 years 

and over. 

In fa.ailtes. 

Head .•. 

Related dtUdren. 

Other family 11.eotberot .. 

Unrelated tndivtduala. 

White. 

Percent 65 yeara 

and over •. 

In families .•.•. 

Head. 

Related" children .•• 

Other family members. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro and other races. 

Perceot 65 years 

and over. 

In fllllilies .•. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other family meabers. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro. 

Percent 65 years 

and over ..•• 

In flllliliea. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other fllllUy 1111mbeu. 

Unrelated tndtvtduala. 

16.2 

12,517 

3,482 

6,180 

2,855 

3 '773 

7' 970 

' .. 6,923 

1,627 

4,016 

1,280 

1,047 

7,467 

... 6,506 

1,530 

3,819 

1,157 

'" 

17. II 

11,412 

3,219 

5,462 

2, 731 

3, 730 

7,831 

'·' 6,887 

1,609 

3,991 

1,287 

, .. 7,388 

'·' 6, 560 

1,527 

3,822 

1,211 

"' 

19.0 

12' 268 

3,441 

5, 784 

3,043 

3,935 

8,257 

7,309 

1,634 

4,298 

1,377 

'" 

7' 710 

6,841 

1,529 

4,025 

1,287 

'" 

12,484 11,616 12,873 

11.4 

10,877 

2, 757 

4,809 

3,310 

1,607 

9,437 

12.0 

8,238 

2,185 

'·""' 2,553 

1,200 

'·' 2,639 

1,309 "' 

'" '"' 

2,671 

'·' 2,320 

1,151 "" 

"' "' 

12.6 

10,121 

2,635 

4,282 

3,204 

1,495 

8,500 

13.3 

7,409 

2,029 

3,001 

2,379 

1,091 

3,115 

10.~ 

2, 712 

1,280 '" 

,,. 

"' 

2,824 

10.6 

2,496 

1,188 "' 

"' '" 

11.9 

11,463 

2,917 

4,988 

3,558 

1,410 

9,521 

12.9 

8,499 

2,306 

3,511 

2,681 

1,022 

3,353 

2,964 

1,476 "' 

'" "' 

3,040 

2, 701 

1,338 "' 

'" "' See footnotes at end of table. 

20.3 

13 '566 

3 '751 

6,341 

3,474 

4,214 

7' 780 

' ' 6,839 

1,552 

4,003 

1, 283 

,., 

7,396 

... 6,530 

1,484 

3,836 

1,210 

'" 

14,151 

12.9 

12,608 

3,203 

5,494 

3,910 

1,543 

10,635 

14.0 

9,468 

2, 560 

3,889 

3,019 

1,167 

3,516 

'·' 3,140 

... 1,605 

'" "' 

3,267 

.., 

2,943 

1 ,507 '" 

'" "' 

22.9 

13,323 

3, 708 

6,138 

3,477 

4,161 

7,936 

'·' 7,007 

'1,552 

4,097 

1,358 

'" 

7,548 

,., 

6,683 

1,481 

3,922 

1,279 

'" 

{J'!A) 

12,623 

3,575 

5,667 

3,381 

4,036 

7,488 

{MA) 

6,552 

1,433 

3,834 

1,286 

"' 

7,095 

(MA) 

6,245 

1,366 

3,677 

1,202 

'" 

22.7 24.5 22.6 

13,546 

3,616 

6,373 

3,557 

3,849 

1!:~~~ 11~:1~~ 6,729 7,204 

4,066 4,120 

4,132 3,860 

7,994 8,786 9,220 

8.6 8.4 8.2 

7,149 

1,431 

4,366 

1,352 

'" 

7,616 

6,839 

1,366 

4,188 

1,285 

"' 

7,920 

1,611" 

4,698 

1,611 

'" 8,486 

' .. 7,677 

1,555 

4,558 

1,564 

"' 

8,379 

1,678 

4,942 

1, 759 

'" 

8,867 

.., 

8,090 

. 1,620 

4, 774 

1,696 

"' 

(NA) I (NA) 

18,508120,716 

4,824 I 5,258 

8,595 I 9,573 

5,06915,885 

3,988 4,241 

10,689 11,~~~ 

I . (NA) {NAl 

9,850 

1,897 

5, 793 

2,160 

"' 

{MAl 

(MAl 

(NA) 

{!(A) 

\NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

10,196 

1,902 

6,163 

2,131 

'" 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

{NA) 

'"" (NA) 

{NA) 

(AA) 

~ (NA). 

,21,149 

·. 5,466 

.9, 749 

;"5,934 

: 4,089 

·!1,198 

(NA) 

10,349 

2,088 

5,942 

2,319 

'" 

'"" 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(!(A) 

(AA) 

(IIA) 

(MA) 

14,266 13,735 1 15,025 17,178 18,260 22,127 25,084 25,339 

15,6 

12,828 

3,309 

~.546 

3,973 

1, 438 

10,653 

17.1 

9,562 

2,606 

3,891 

3,065 

1,091 

3,613 

11.4 

3,266 

1,655 "' 

"" '" 

3,334 

11.3 

3,030 

1,542 "' 

'" "' 

(MA) 

12,296 

3,181 

~,253 

3,862 

1,439 

10,128 

(!lA) 

9,046 

2, 506 

3,598 

2,941 

1,083 

3,607 

(MA) 

3,251 

1, '" 655 

'" '" 

3,326 

(IIA) 

3,020 

1,539 "' 

'" '" 

14.9 

13,705 

3,292 

6,330 

4,083 

1,320 

10 '995 

17.1 

9,995 

2,595 

4,298 

3,102 

1,000 

4,030 

'·' 3, 710 

2,032 '" 

'" '"' 3,809 

'·' 3,527 

1,947 '" 

'"' '" 

16.1 

15,873 

3,893 

7,181 

4, 799 

1,305 

12,383 

18.1 

11,398 

3,019 

4, 799 

3,580 

"' 4, 795 

4,475 

'" 2,382 

1,219 

'"' 4,594 

' ' 4,315 

2,293 "' 

1,183 

"' 

14,8 

16.948 

4,063 

7,884 

5,001 

1,312 

12,779 

17.7 

11,784 

3,070 

5,092 

3,622 

"' 5,481 

' ' 5,164 

2, "' 792 

1,379 

"' 

5,210 

4,930 

2,667 '" 

1,317 

. 280 

(MA) 

20,834 

_4,805 

9,826 

6,203 

1,293 

15,411 

(NA) 

14,416 

3,628 

6,274 

4,514 

'" 6, 716 

{NAJ 

6,418 

1 '177 

3,552 

1,689 

'" 

{MA} 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

{NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

23,615 

5,338 

11,314 

6,963 

1,469 

17,911 

(AA) 

16,805 

4,133 

7,373 

5,299 

1,106 

7,173 

(NA} 

a3,852 

5,582 

11,137 

. 7,133 

1,487 

18,256 

(NA) 

17,098 

4,275 

7,498 

5,325 

1,158 

7,083 

(NA) } {N:'-l 

6,810 

1,205 

3,941 

1,664 

'" 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

<AAl 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

6, 754 

' 1,307 

3,639 

1,808 

"' 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(AA) 

(NA) 

(AA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

38,625 

~,'iA) 

33;623 

8,077 

16,630 

8,916 

5,002 

1961 

39,628 

(NA) 

34,509 

8,391 

16,577 

9,541 

5,119 

1960 

39,851 

(MA) 

34,925 

8,243 

17,288 

9,394 

4,926 

26,672 27,890 28,309 

• (NA) I (NA) 

'22--,613 23,747 

5,887 6,205 

10,382 10,614 

6,344 . 6,928 

4,059 4,143 

(NA) 

24,262 

6,115 

11,229 

6,918 

4,047 

11,953 11,738 11,542 

{NA) (NA) (MAl 

11,010 

2,190 

6,248 

2,572 

'" 

(NA) 

(HAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(AA) 

(AA) 

'""'' 

27,394 

(AA) 

25,842 

• 6,043 

12,124 

7,675 

. 1,552 

19,657 

{!lA} 

18,524 

4,657 

8,170 

5,697 

1,133 

7 '737 

(NA) 

7,318 

1,388 

3,954 

1,978 

"' 

(AA) 

(NA) 

(!lA) 

(NA) 

(AA) 

(AA) 

(NA) 

10,762 

2,186 

5,963 

2,613 

'" 

'"" 

(NA) 

- (NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(NA) 

'""'' 

28,830 

27,257 "'"" 

6,437 

12,533 

8,287 

1,573 

20,842 

(NA) 

19,685 

4,997 

8,450 

6,238 

1,157 

7,988 

(!(A) 

. 7,572 

1,440 

4,083 

2,049 

"' 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

'"'' (NAl 

(NA) 

10,663 

2,128 

6,059 

2,476 

"' 

(NA) 

O<A) 

""" (NA) 

(MA) 

'"" (NA) 

29' 188 

(NA) 

27,678 

6,288 

13,193 

8,197 

1,510 

21,102 

, ... , 19,966 

4,863 

8,872 

6,231 

1,136 

8,086 

{!(A) 

7 '712 

1,425 

4,321 

1,966 

"' 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(IIA) 

(NA) 

<NA) 

(NA) 

13 

1959 

39,4.90 

14.1 

34' 562 

8,320 

17,208 

9,034 

4,928 

28,484 

16.7 

24,443 

6,185 

11,386 

6,872 

4,041 

11,006 

10,119 

2,135 

5,822 

2,162 

'" 

(MA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MA) 

(MAl 

(NA) 

"'" 

29,100 

11.7 

27,548 

6,404 

13,063 

8,081 

1,552 

21,369 

13.5 

20,211 

4,952 

8,966 

6,293 

1,158 

7. 731 

7,337 

1,452 

4,097 

1, 788 

'" 

(NA) 

(NA) 

, ... , (MAl 

{MA) 

(IIA) 

. (!lA) 
14 

Table 1. Persons Below the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 to 1974-Continued 

(Numbers In thousands Persons as of March. of the following year The I ine "Head" refers to the numbt!r of families) 

Family status and sex T 19N 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1 1968 1967 1966 2 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 

and race of head ~------~----t-----+------~-----j------t-----1-----1,-----~----+------f-----~-----t-----1-----1r----- PeJS<>ns '" tamtlle~ t"emaln flead and t'em3}C 

Unrelated ln<1iVIdunls 

Total. 11,775 11,357 11,587 11,409 11,154 10,412 10,364 10,591 10,250 11,058 10,971 11,097 ll,231 10,798 10,663 10,390 

Percent 65 years 

and over. 

In fa.,llies. 

Head. 

Relatod "h.ildren. 

Other family 01embers. 

Unrelated Individuals. 

White .. 

Percent 65 ·years 

and OVCJ;'. 

In familiesHead. 

Negro snd other races. 

Perc.,nt 65 years 

and over. 

In tamiltea. 

Head. 

Related children .... 

Other fa111ly me.lllbers. 

!ln.-elated Individual,.. 

Ne~o .••. 

Percent 65 years 

and over. 

In ta.G~Utea. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other f&~~~ily member&. 

Unrelated individual~. 

PERCENT BELOW LOWINC(B(E LEVEL 

All Persons 

Total. 

65 years and over. 

In r .... ute~. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other faaily ~~~embers. 

Unrelated individuals. 

White •••. 

65 years and over .. 

In familiesHead. 

Related children. 

Other faa1ly ~~~embers. 

Unrelated tnd1vidual8. 

Negro and other races 

65 years and over .. 

In faa1lies. 

Head ..•..• 

Related children. 

Other family members. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro. 

65 year~ and over •.• 

In families. 

Head •••. 

Related children. 

Other fii.Olily member~. 

Unre.lated individUals. 

16.0 

8,563 

2,351 

5,387 

3,212 "" 

6,852 

22.0 

4,279 

1,297 

2,680 

2,5_73 "' 

4,923 

4,284 

1,054 

2, 707 

'" '" 

4, 796 

4,186 

1,024 

2,668 ,,. 

on 

11.6 

15.7 

10.2 

15.5 ' ' 

•.o 

25.5 

'·' 

13.8 

'-' 

'.0 

11.2 

.., 

" ' 29.5 

34.7 

28.4 

26.0 

38.4 

16.7 

40.0 

31.4 

36.4 

30.3 

27.8 

40.7 

17.6 

41.0 

See footnotes at end of table. 

16.7 

8,178 

2,193 

:">,111 

3,179 '" 

6,642 

23.5 

4,003 

1' 190 

2,461 

2,639 "' 

4, 715 

4,175 

1,002 

2, 710 

"' '" 4,564 

,,. 

2,635 

"' "" 

11.1 

14.2 

25.6 

14.4 

'-' 

'-' 

9."7 

.., 

23.7 

29.6 

35.5 

28.8 

26.2 

38.3 

17.4 

37.8 

31.4 

37.1 

30.8 

28.1 

40.6 

18.7 

37.9 

19.0 

"' 114 2,158 

:.,U94 

3,473 '" 

6,6H2 

27.6 

3,770 

1,135 

2,27j 

2,913 '" 

4,905 

21.4 

1' 797 2,100 

4,850 

3,611 '" 

7,146 

29.5 

4,099 

1,191 

2,452 .,. 3,047 

4,264 

1.3 7.8 

4,345 3,699 

1,023 908 

2,821 2,399 

::.oo 392 

560 565 

4,670 4,129 

4,139 

2,686 "' 

"' '" 

11.9 

18.6 

10.3 

14.9 

'-' 

29.0 

'·0 

16.8 

'-' 

u 

10.1 

27.1 

31.9 

37 . .'I 

31.0 

27.1 

41.3 

19.0 

40.9 

33.3 

39.9 

32.4 

29.0 

42.1 

20.0 

42.9 

3,587 

2,329 "' 

'" ,., 

12.5 

21.6 

10.8 

10.0 

15.1 

31.6 ' ' 

'·' 

19.9 

.., 

'-' 

10.9 

29.6 

30.9 

38.4 

29.1 

27.4 

38.7 

18.2 

44.9 

32.5 

39.3 

31.2 

28.8 

40.7 

19.1 

46.0 

23.0 

1,503 

1,9:>1 

4,689 

3,6.'12 '" 

6,832 

32.1 

3, 761 

1,102 

2,247 

3,070 "' 

4,323 

3, 745 

2,444 "' 

'" "' 4,213 

3,65-6 

2,383 '" 

"' '" 

12.6 

24.6 

10.9 

10.1 

14.9 

32.9 

'·' 

22.6 

.., 

•.o 

10.5 

'-' 

30.8 

32.0 

-15.9 

30.7 

28.1 

39.6 

19.5 

46.1 

33.5 

47.7 

32.2 

29.5 

41.5 

20.5 

48.3 

(NAJ 

6,879 

1,1127 

4,247 

3,532 '" 

6,531 

(NAJ 

3,517 

1,069 

2,068 

'" 2,953 

3,881 

(NA) 

3,302 

2,179 "' 

'" "' 

3,166 

(NA) 

3,225 

2,137 "' 

'" "' 

12.1 

(NA) 

10.4 

34.0 

(NA) 

'-' 

u 

'·' 

32.1 '·' 

31.0 

(AA) 

29.6 

26.9 

37.7 

19.4 

45.5 

32.2 

(NA) 

"'·' 27.9 

39.6 

"'·0 

46.1 

23.1 

6,990 

1 '755 

4,409 

"' 3,374 

6,400 

32.4 

3,551 

1,021 

2,075 

2,849 "' 

3,964 

3,439 

2,334 "' 

"' '" 

3,807 

'.0 

3,312 

2,241 "' 

'" "' 

12.8 

25.0 

11.3 

10.0 

15.3 

34.0 

10.0 

23.1 

... 

•.o 

10.7 

'-' 

32.2 

33.5 

32.4 

28.2 

41.6 

"'·' 45.7 

47.7 

33.7 

29.4 

43.1 

21.7 

46.3 

24.8 

6,898 

'- 1.774 

4,246 

3,693 '" 

6,600 

35.3 

3,453 

1,037 

1,930 

"' 3,147 

3,991 

'-' 

3,445 

2,316 "' 

"' "' 

3,892 

3,362 

2,265 "' 

'" '"' 

14.2 

29.5 

12.5 

11.4 

16.3 

'-' 

38.1 

11.0 

27.7 

'·' '·0 

11.3 

'-' 

36.5 

37.2 

51.0 

36.3 

32.1 

44.9 

25.3 

. .., 

39.3 

53.3 

~.• 

33.9 

47.4 

27.1 

49.3 

23.5 

6,861 

1. 721 

4,262 

3,389 "' 

6,5ll 

32.3 

3,646 

1,036 

2,112 

2,865 "' 

3 '739 

3,215 

2,150 '" 

'" '" 

3,6:'i7 

3,160 

2,107 '" 

"' "' 

14.7 

28. :'j 

13.1 

u.s 

17.4 

'-' 

38.3 

11.3 

26.4 

'-' 

'-' 

12.1 

36.1 

39.8 

53.4 

38.9 

33.9 

48.2 

27.7 

53 .l 

41.8 

:'i5.1 

40.9 

35.5 

50.6 

29.4 

54.4 

(NA) 

7,524 

1,916 

4,562 

1,046 

3,534 

7,085 

(NA) 

4,092 

1,196 

2,321 

2,993 "' 

3,973 

(NA) 

3,432 

2,241 '"' 

m 

"' 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) "'" 

17.3 

(NA) 

15.8 

13.9 

11.8 "'·' 

39.8 

13.3 

(~) 

11.7 

11.1 

14.4 

'-' 

38.1 

47.1 

(NA) 

46.8 

39.7 

57.3 

35.3 

50.7 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

·~· 

(NA) 

7,297 

1,822 

4,422 

1,053 

3,674 

7,046 

3,911 "'" 

1,125 

2,200 

"' 3,135 

3,925 

(NA) 

3,386 

2,222 '" 

"' "' 

(~) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

19.0 

(~) 

17.4 

15.0 

22.7 

13.3 

42.7 

14.9 

(NA) 

13.2 

12.2 

16.1 

10.8 

40.7 

49.6 

(NA) 

7,646 

1,972 

4,554 

1,120 

3,451 

6,982 

(NA) 

4,051 

1,191 

2,251 

2,931 '" 

4,115 

(~) 

3,595 

2,303 "' 

"' '"' 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

'"" (NA) 

19.5 

(NA) 

17.9 

15.9 

22.8 

13.8 

44.2 

15.3 

(~) 

13.6 

12.8 

16.5 

11.0 

42.0 

51.0 

(NA) (HA) 

49.1 5<1 • .'1 

40.0 43.7 

61.5 60.9 

. 35.7 38.9 

5.'1 0 58.3 . I (NA) . 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(~) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MA) 

(NA) 

(M) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(M) 

(NA) 

7. 781 

z,oJ'i 

4,506 

1,241 

3,450 I 7,015 

(NAl 

4,089 

1,230 

2,212 

2,926 '" 

4,216 

(NA) 

3,692 

2,294 '" 

,,. 

"' 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

21.0 

(NA) 

19.4 

17.2 

24.7 

15.1 

45.4 

16.4 

(NA) 

14.7 

13.9 

17.9 

12.0 

42.7 

55.8 

.'15.3 ·~· 48.0 

66.4 

,..., 

62.1 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

·~· (NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

7,252 

1,95'1 

4,044 

1,254 

3,546 

7,048 

(NA) 

4,062 

1,208 

2,164 

2,986 '" 

3, 750 

(NAJ 

3,190 

1,880 "' 

~· '" 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

21.9 

(NA) 

20.3 

18.1 

25.2 

16.5 

"' 

17.4 

(~) 

15.8 

14.8 

18.7 

13.3 

43.2 

.'16.1 

(NA) 

55.6 

49.0 

65.7 

44.8 

62.7 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(IIA) 

(NAJ 

7,247 

1,955 

4,095 

1,197 

3,416 

1,201 I 

(NA) I 

~:;~: I 2,357 

2,911 "' 

3,456 

(HA) 

2,951 

"' 1,738 

'" '" 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

~., 

18.1 

16.2 "·' 

"·' 

17.8 

(MAl 

16.2 

14.9 

».0 

LU 

"·0 

"·' 

(NAJ 

55.7 

49.0 

"·' "·' 59.3 

(IIA) 

(NA) 

(~) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

21.9 

7,014 

1,916 

4,145 

3,376 '" 

1,115 

28.2 

4,232 

1,233 

2,420 

"' 2,883 

3,275 

'·' 2, 782 

l, '" 725 

. 374 

"' 

(AA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

22.4 

(NA) 

18.5 "'·' 

26.9 

1.'1.9 

46.1 

18.1 

(M) 

16 . .'1 

15.2 

"'·' 13.3 

44.1 

:'i6.2 

(NA) 

56 .o 

50.4 

66.1 

42.5 

57.4 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 
·.;· 

15 

Table 1. Persons Below the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 to 1974----{:ontinued 

(Nu.ubers In thousands. Persons as of March of the following year. The line "Kead" refers to the number of families) 

Fruaily status and sex 

and race of head 

Persons In Fanotlies l'iith 

Male Head and Kale 

Unrelated IndiVIduals 

Total. 

65 years and over. 

In flllllilies. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other family melllbers. 

Unrelated individuals. 

White. 

65 years and over. 

In f""'ilies .• 

Helld. 

Related children. 

Other fallily members. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro and other race11. 

65 years 11nd o11er. 

In f...,ilies. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other fsmlly member11. 

Unrelated indivtdualll. 

Negro .•• 

65 years and over. 

In famtlies. 

Head •.•.•. 

Related children. 

Otbar family aembal"S. 

Unrelated tndtvtdusls. 

Persons in r .. utea With 

Fet~~ale Head and Female 

Unrelated Individual& 

Total. 

65 year& and over. 

In f1U11.1lie.11. 

Head .. 

Related chtldren. 

Other t""'ilY ..,IIbera. 

Unrelated individual&. 

White.,, 

65 years and over. 

In fsmiltes. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other faolil:y members. 

Unrelated individualll 

Negro and other races. 

65 years and o11er. 

h• f""'ilie.11. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other f81lily melllben 

Unrelated individuals .• 

Negro 

65 years and over. 

, In fam1lie11. 

llead. 

Related children. 

Other fB.III.Uy members. 

Unrelated indlviduala. 

NA Not available, 

1974 

' ' 10.0 

u 

,., 

,., 

20.4 '·' 

' ' 

17.0 

25.0 

15.9 

13.5 

"'·' 12.5 

30,3 

17.7 

25,7 

16.6 

14.2 

21.7 

13.0 

~., 

34.4 

27.6 

36.8 

32.5 

51.5 

14.9 

29.3 

27.2 

24.8 

27.6 

24.9 

4.2.6 

26,5 

54.5 

49.9 

55,2 

51.9 

65,0 

33.2 

50,2 

55.4 

51.8 

55.9 

52.8 

65.7 

33,3 

51.9 

1973 

' ' 10.5 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

19.8 

.., ' ' 

.., 

'·' .., 

11' 5 

17.6 

28.6 

16,5 

14,5 

20.2 

14,0 

30.6 

18.5 

29.6 

17.7 

15,4 

21.7 

14.9 

29.1 

34,9 

~.· 

37,5 

32.2 

f>2.1 

16.0 

29.7 

27.9 

26.3 

28.0 

24.5 

42.1 

'-' 

27.7 

f>4.2 

47.0 

5f>.5 

f>l.4 

66.4 

31.0 

4f>.8 

t:>5.4 

48.5 

:16,5 

52.7 

67.2 

32.2 

47.3 

1972 

' .. 1L4 

'-' 

... 

... 

21,1 ' ' 

' ' 

'-' 

'·' '·' 

... '·' 

18,6 

19.f> 

28.9 

18.5 

15.4 

23.3 

lf>.3 

32.7 

20,3 

31.7 

19.3 

16.2 

24.1 

16.2 

33,7 

36.9 

33.2 

38.2 

32.7 

.... 

17.0 

34.3 

29.4 

31.2 

27.4 

24,3 

41,1 

10.2 

32.3 

56.7 

50.6 

57.7 

52,9 

69.3 

33,0 

49,6 

57.3 

51.4 

f>8.1 

53,3 

69.5 

33.4 

51.9 

191l 

13.6 

' ' .. ' 

' '-' ' 23.9 

12.1 

.., 

'·' '-' 

21.5 '·' 

29.9 

19.1 

16.3 

23.9 

1:1,5 

36,6 

21.2 

30.0 

17.2 "'·' 

25.:1 

16.4 

36.5 

38,0 

38.4 

38,7 

33.9 

53.1 

17.5 

36,6 

32,1 

36.8 

30,4 

26.5 

44.6 

13.0 

34.7 

55.2 

53.4 

55.6 

53.3 

66.1 

29.8 

52.9 

:15.8 

54,7 

~.• 

53.5 

66,6 

30.2 

54.4 

1970 

16.8 

u 

u 

' ' 24.0 '·' 

' ' 15.0 

' ' .., 

" 

21.8 ' ' 

20.8 

36.9 

17.9 "'' 

24.6 

15.9 

35.6 

21.7 

38.6 

18.6 "'·' 

26.0 

16,5 

3:1,9 

38.2 

41.2 

38.1 

32,:1 

53,0 

17.9 

38.4 

31.4 

38.9 

28.4 

25.0 

43.1 

11.5 

36.1 

57.9 

63.1 

58.1 

53,4 

67,4 

36,7 

57.2 

63.5 

58.7 

54.3 

67.1 

37,5 

59.3 

'·' 

{NA) 

' .. '-' 

'-' 

... 

26.2 

(NA) 

•. '·' 0 .., 

,.. 

24.1 

20.7 

(NAJ 

19.8 

17.3 

23.8 

16.6 

35.4 

21,5 

(NAl 

20.6 

17.9 

25.0 

17.1 

36.5 

38.4 

(NA) 

38.2 

32.7 

54.4 

38,7 " ' 

32.1 

(NA) 

29.1 

25.7 

45.2 

12.4 

36.6 

57.4 

"'" 57.8 

53.1 

67.6 

34.5 

55.1 

:17,8 

(NA) 

58.2 

53.3 

68.2 

34.4 

55.5 

1968 

11.6 

.., 

u 

10.2 

25.4 ' ' 

15.9 

.., 

.., 

'-' 

23.3 '·' 

23.6 

39.5 

22.9 

18,9 

28.3 

18.5 

34,8 

24.7 

41.0 

24.1 

19.9 

29,8 

19.2 

3:1.1 

38.9 

41.1 

38.7 

32.3 

55.2 

17.8 

39.2 

32.3 

39.2 

29.1 

2:1.2 

44.4 

13.1 

37.1 

58.4 

58.8 

58.7 

52,9 

70.4 

32.1 

56,7 

58.6 

58.9 

58.9 

53.2 

70.5 

32.6 

56.6 

1967 

10.1 

21.8 

,., ' ' 11,5 

26.9 

19.8 

,_, 

,.. 

' ' '-' 

24.9 

28.1 

46,4 

27.7 

23.7 

33.0 

23.2 

36,2 

30.0 

48.7 

29.7 

25.3 

35.3 

25.1 

36.0 

40.6 

47,3 

38.8 

33.3 

f>4.3 

18.9 

44,7 

33,9 

46.0 

28.5 

25.9 

42.1 

13.7 

42,8 

60.8 

60,0 

60.9 

55.7 

71.8 

3f>.4 

59.8 

61.6 

61.5 

61,6 

:16.3 

72.4 

36.1 

61.3 

1966 2 

10_8 

21.7 

10.3 

12.6 ' ' .., 

29.3 

19.6 

' ' '.' '·' 

26.6 '·' 

31.6 

48.0 

31.2 

26.2 

37 .f> 

2f>.8 

42,4 

33.4 

49.7 

33.0 

27.6 

39.9 

27.3 

43.2 

41.0 

44.2 

39.8 

33.1 

18.6 "·' 

43.5 

33.9 

42,3 

29.7 

2:1.7 

46.9 

13.4 

41.2 

64.3 

64.2 

64,6 

:18,5 

76,3 

38,.3 

62.7 

65.1 

64.8 

65.3 

59.2 

76.6 

39,9 

63.7 

1965 

13.2 

(NA) 

12,8 

11.1 

15,7 

10.9 

28.9 

10.3 

(NA) 

'-' 

'-' 

11.4 

27.2 

39.4 

(NAl 

39.5 

32.3 

48.0 

32.6 

36.8 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA} 

(NA) 

(NA) 

1964 

15.1 

(!lA) 

14.6 

12,5 

18.2 

12.4 

32.0 

12.0 

(MAl 

11.6 

10.5 

13,4 

10,4 

29.4 

42.5 

(NA) 

42,4 

33,2 

53.6 

32.8 

43.4 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

46.0 45.9 

(MAl {NA) 

46.0 44.4 

38.4 36,4 

64.2 62,3 

24.5 24,3 

46,2 . 49.3 

38.5 38.3 

(NA) (NA) 

3:1,4 

31.0 

52.9 

17.3 

43,9 

70.4 

(NA) 

71.5 

63.6 

82.2 

50.1 

6:1.1 

"'" 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

33.4 

29,0 

49,7 

17,2 

47.1 

71.3 

(NA) 

72.0 

61,9 

83.3 

51.3 

67 .o 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

'Beginning with the March 1970 CPS, data based on 1970 census population controls; oee text for explanation. 

1963 

15.4 

(NA) 

14.9 

13,1 

18 .o 12,9 

34.8 

12.4 

(NA) 

11,9 

11.0 

13.7 

10.6 

32.2 

42,9 

(NAJ 

42.6 

35.5 

51.4 

35,7 

48.1 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

48.4 

(M) 

47.7 

40.4 

66.6 

26,0 

50,0 

39.9 

(NA) 

35.6 

31.4 

54.1 

17.8 

47.8 

75,8 

(NA) 

77.2 

72.0 

86.2 

57,0 

67.3 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(t!A) 

1962 

H 'I (!lA) II 

16.4 

14,31 

19.9 

14.1 . 

36.5 

13.5 

lilA) 

13.0 

12.0 

15,1 

11,5 

3~.5 

48.3 

(!lA) 

48,0 

40,2 

57.9 

39.9 

54.3 

(M) 

(M) 

"" (M) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

50.3 

42,9 

70,2 

28.8 

51.0 

41,8 

1961 

HL1 

(SA) 

17.6 

15.4 

21,0 

15.4 

36.0 

14.5 

fNA) 

14,1 

13.1 

16.0 

12,8 

32.4 

50.3 

(NA) 

50.2 

42.1 

59.8 

42,3 

51,9 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

49.5 

(NA) 

48.1 

42.1 

65,1 

29,8 

52,4 

41.9 

(NA) 

1960 i 1959 

i 

\ 

18.511 18.7 (NA) (.U) 

18.0 18.2 

15.4 1'-.8 

22.3 22.4 

15.3 H.3 

36.1 36.A 

14_ 9 

(NAJ 

14.4 

13.0 

17.0 

12.l:l 

"·' 

(NA) 

w., 

41.9 

61.3 

~' ~., 

(NA) 

lNA) 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

49.5 

(NA) 

~., 

42.4 

"·. 

~., 

w., 

(NA) 

15' 2 

IliA) 

14.7 

13.3 

17.4 

13.0 

33.8 

51.0 

(NA) 

51.0 

44.2 

w., 

41.1 

49.6 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

INA) 

50.2 

(NAJ 

49.4 

42.6 

72.2 

24.0 

52.1 

43.8 

(NU 

37,9 

33.9 

57.6 

19.5 

48,7 

37.6 39.0 

(NA) 

40.2 

34,8 

64.6 

17.9 

w., 

33.f> 34.0 

54.6 59.9 

!~::; - ::~ 

77.7 74.6 

(NA) {NA) 

78.9 74,7 

72.1 72,0 

89.0 83,7 

60,2 I 56,9 

70.2 74.4 

(NA) (NA) 

(NA) (NA) 

(NA) (NA) 

(NA) (NA) 

(NA) (NA) 

{NA) (NA) 

(NA) (NA) 

76,6 

(NA) 

77' 7 

75.1 

84,8 

62,6 

m.• 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

73.9 

(!lA) 

75.6 

72,0 

86.5 

w., 

65.6 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(t!A) 

(NAJ 

fNA) 

(NA) 

2Beginning with the March 1967 CPS, data bssed on revised methodology for processing income data; see text for explanation, 

Note: Comparable data for the total population can be found in table 7 ot this report tor 1974 and in the corresponding tables of Series P-60, No, 76, 

81, 86, 91 and 98 for the years 1969 to 1973, 
16 

Table 2. Persons Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race 

of Head: 1959 to 1974 

(:-lumbers In thou•and~. Persons of ;!arch of the followlng year. The line "nesd" refers to the number of f~milies) 

ra .. lly status and sex 

and race of head 

,\JJ Persons 

Total. 

In fa,.i lies. 

!lead. 

Related ch>ldren. 

Other family members 

Unrelated IndividUals. 

Whl te. 

In !a011lles. 

Head. 

Related c"lldren. 

Other faootly ~~~embers. 

Unrelated lndivtduals. 

Negro and other races. 

In Ia,.! lies,,,,, ... 

Head. 

Related clllldren. 

Other family mel!l.hers. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro. 

In families •• 

Head., •. 

Related children. 

Other f&mily members. 

UnrelatP.d Individuals,,, 

Persons '" Families Witt> 

ltale Head and Male 

Unrelated lndtviduale 

Total. 

In !a01iliea 

!lead .••• , 

Related children .. 

Other family members 

Unrelated IndividUals. 

Whl te. 

In families. 

Head.,,,,. 

Related children. 

Other !B.IIIIly mellll>ers. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro and other 

In fam1lie9 •• 

Head ..•••• 

Related children. 

Other family members 

Unrelated individuals. 

Nep;ro .•••••• 

In families •••• 

Head. 

Rehted children. 

Other family members. 

Unrelated individuals. 

Per~ons in Flllll.iUes With 

Female Head and Female 

Unrelated Individu~ls 

Total. 

In famtlies •• 

Head .•. 

Related children. 

Other family 01embers 

Unrelated individuals. 

White. 

In fi.a•dlles. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other family members. 

Unrelated individuals .•. 

1968 1967 19662 1965 . 1962 1961 1960 ! t9~(> I t973 1 t972 ! 1971 ! 197o t969' , I , 

---L-'---;-----+--+--+--t---j---+--· J___ 

' 

; 34,615 , ' 1J2,S28 i 3•1,653: 36,501: 35,024, 34,665,35,905,39,206 _41,267

1

46,163 

1

27,783 • 26,509; 28.~08 j 29,949 29,222128,sso l3o,056 I 33,204 35,570 40,430 

7,437! 1,04~ 7,347: 7,761 7,!H61 7,3531 7,399 8,272 8,637 9,592 

13 784; 13,074 i 14,058 ~ 1·1,736 I4,296113,92C: 15,080 16,314 17,667120,055 

6;562! 6,Jn 1 6,803:7,152 7,4101 1,211' 7,577 8,618,9,26610,783 

6,!!32 I 6,311~. 6,445 1 6,552. 6,402 1 6,115 I 5,849 6,002 5,6971 5,733 

I 1 : ; • • 24,031 '22,64i: 24,164 '26,217125,373124,524,, 25,509 28,005 29,477 33,090 

111,.,29 17,4nO I Hi,!!6-' 20,791 .20,045 19,493 20,666 32,992 24,733 28,31G 

5,236 ·1,935 5,234. 5,692 5,501 i 5,3931 5;487 6,181 6,~51 7,226 

11,641 8,009 8,7-15 9,566; 9,080 I 8,742

1 

9,529 10,367 ll,459 13,122 

4,652 4,517 4,8!16 5,533 5,461 5,358 5,650 6,444 6,823 7,96!'. 

5,502 5,11'10, 5,300 5,~26; 5,328l 5,0311 4,843 5,013 4,744l 4,774 

' . ' 10,584 10,1A7j10,4!!8 10,285 10,251 \10,141 t

1 t0,394 11,202 11,790113,074 

9,254 9,049

1

' 9,344 9,158 9,177 1 9,0571 9,389 I 10,213 10,837 12,114 

2,201 2,109 2,114 2,069 2,012,1,960 1,913 I 2,091 2,185 I 2,367 

5,143 5,06515,313 5,170 5,216 5,17815,551 5,947 6,20716,932 

1,910 1,875 1,917 1,919 1,949,1,9191 1,925 2,175 2,445 2,815 

1,330 1,138 I 1,145 1,127 1,074 1,084 1 005 989 953 960 

9,!1591 9,54019,763 9,739 9,668j 9,507! 9,862 10,701111,2321 (NA) 

8,640 8,539 8,717 !!,696 8,681 ·~ 8,5271 8,940 9,777 10,3521 (NA) 

2,056 1,986 1,966 1,972 1,908 1,854 1,822 1,995 2,0911 (NA) 

4~850 4,796 4,963 4,926 4,9421 4 898 5,293 5,696 5,929 (NA) 

~:~i~. ~:~~:I ~:~:: ~:~!~ 1,831 1:!~~ I' 1,=~~' 2,~~: 2,~~~ I ::~: 9!171 I 

i 1 I 19,291 18,380 120,031 22,133 21,909 21,691 123,195 26,511 28,865133,195 

16,461 11!!,171 20,188; 20,097 19,910121,534,.24,872 27,240 31,534 

4,297 4,611 5,099. 5,113 5,030: 5,206 6,088 6,496 7,262 

6,930 I 7,921 !1,848, 8,739 8,753l: 9,885

1

11,34.9 12,731 14,859 

17,085 

4,483 

7,240 

5,361 

2,206 

5,235 5,640 6,241' 6,245 6,127 6,443 7,435 8,013 9,413 

1,919' 1,860 1,945: 1,812 1,781 1,661 1,639 1,625 1,661 

14,676 13,843115,285 17,010: 16,645 16,243 i 17,458 19,863,21,340124,516 

13,008 12,396 i 13,89A 15,510 i 15,248 14,894,16,186,18,601 20,086 23,218 

3,575 3 395 3 720 4,121; 4,0871 4,0021 4,181 4,852 5,104 5,711 

5,277 5,013 i 5'1135 6,522 6,294

1 

6,176 6,991 7,9871 8,910 10,349 

4,156 3'9s81 4:342 4,867 4,!167 4,716 5,014 5,762 6,072 7,ts8 

1,668 1:44711,381'1 1,500 1,397l 1,J49 1,272 1,262 1,2H 1,298 

4 615 4,537 4,745 5,122 5,26315,450! 5,738 6,648 7,52'5 8,681 

4°07714,065. 4,273: 4,677 4,849 5,0171 5,349 6,211 7,154 8,317 

'gog 901: 890 I 978 1,026 1,02811,025 1,235 1,392 1,551 

1,963 1,9171' 2,0861 2,326 2,44412,578 2,894 3,362 3,821 4,510 

1,20511,247 1,297. 1,373. 1,379 1,411 1,430 1,674 1,941 2,256 

s3s 472 1 112 : 445 i 414 433 389 377 371 364 

4,070 I 4,088 I 4,3141 4,746; 4,80111 4,981 I 5,369 6,266 7,059 (NAl 

I 3 607 3,697 t 3,906 t 4,362; 4·,445 4,61215,034 5,934 6,7311 {NA) 

I 

'8o61' 816 809 914 940 949 964 1,163 1,310 (NAl 

1,737 1,745 j 1,907 2 118 2,234 'I 2,375 2,733 3,174 3,587 (NAl 

1,063 1,136 1,190 1:209 I 1,271 1,288' 1,337 1,597 1,834 (NA) 

463 391 I 409 384 : 356! 369 i 335 332 328 (NA) 

I I I 15,324114,447:14,622 14,368 13,7161' 12,973 i 12,709 12,69:1 1~,40~ 112,968 

lO,fi'lll 10,049 10,0371 9,761 9,125 11,63.:1 I 8,521 8,333 8,330 8,896 

2,953 2,747 2,7371 2,662: 2,403 2,323 2,193 2,t84 2,141 2,33o 

6,544 6,144. 6,137. 5 11881' 5,558 5,1671 5,195 4,965 4,936 5,196 

1,201 1,157 163 I 1:20 1,164 1,1491 1,133 1,184 1,253 1,370 

::::: :::::II :::::I' :::::'I ::::~ :::::I ::~:: ::::: ::::: ::::: 5,521 5,064 4,966 5,281 1 4,797 4 599 4,480 4,391 4,648 :1,098 

~:~:! !:!;:I !:~~~ ,. ~:~~!I !:~!! ~:;:!I ~:;~: ~:~!~I ~:;:~ !:~~~ 496 529 543 666 593 642 635 682 no 811 

3,834 3,7331 3,912 3,926 3,931 3,682 3,571 3,750 3,491 3,476 

' 

49,lH9 50,778• ~:1,119154,2110! 54,560: 

43.873 

10,301 

21, 73!1 

11,834 

5, 946. 

44,974 

Ill, 798 

21,961: 

12,215 

5,804. 

4<,279148,362: 49,012. 

11,337 i lt, 732! 11,525. 

23,090 23,041' 23,874: 

12,852113,389: 13,613 i 5,840 5,9111, 5,~48 ~ 

5 I, !.'12 

1!', 303 

II, 790 

24,271 

13,242 

5,639 

i j ' 

36,488 37,155· 38,844,40,5121~41,126; 41,819 

31,:;64' 32,~!'B~ 34,085 1 35,66bi 3b,521;. 37,199 

7,920 8,179 8,6721 9,1261 8,986) 9,209 

14,5611 14,907: 15,762116,121116,950: 17.~62 

9,076 9,2121 9,6511 10,419110,585 10,528 

4,924 ~,657 4,759) 4,846 4,605' 1,650 

13,332· 13,624[ 14,274113,769113,434\ 

12,310 12,676 i 13,194 12,696: 12,491 i 2,381: 2,619) 2,665 2,605 1 2,539: 

7,170' 7,055• 7,329) 6,9201 6,9241 

2,759: 3,002 1 3,20011 3,1711 3,~~~1 1,022; 948: 1,080 1,0731 

INA) (NA)! (:;,1,) (NA) I (NA) I 

!1ii: !~~i: !gi !gi II !~~i II 

(NA): (NA) i (NA) (NA) (NA) 

I 

, I I 37,059.37,942 1 40,399 41,6681

1

42,3191 

35,269:36,099138,492139,849 40,6171' 

8,066 8,4461 8,965 9,403 9,233 

16,714, 16,848j 18,163 1!!,462 19,2491" 

10,489' 10,805,11,364 11,984 12,135 

1,790; 1,843 1;907 1,819 1,702 

28,009: 28,799 30,642 31,985 32,5931 

26,652127,334129,227 30,633 31,2901' 

6,4761 6,69!11 7,178 7,616 7,457 

11,894 12,235 13,242 13,548 14,1641 

8,282 8,401 8,807 9,469 9,669 

1,357 1,465 1,U5 1,3:12 1,303

1 9,051 9,144 9, 7:18 9,683 9, 727 

8,618! 8,765 9,265 9,216 9,3281 

1,590! 1,749 .'.·,',",,, 1,787 1,775 4,8211 4,613 4,914 5,0851 

2,207,2,40312,557 2,515 2,468 433 379 493 467 399 

(NAl {NA) (NA) I (NA) (NA) I' 

(NA) I (Iii\)., (!fA) (NA) (NA) 

(NA) (NA) (NA) I (NAJ (NA) I (NA) I {NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) I (NA) (NA) I {NA) {NA) {NA) I (AA) i "" '"' '"'I ''"I 

i I 12,7601112,835 12,719112,612 12,~40 8,604 8,87'11; 8,78"/1 !!,5131! 8,394 

2,2351 2,351 2,372 2 329 2,292 

~:~!! ~:!~; ::::: ~::~=I ~:=~~ 4,15613,961 3,932 4,099 3,846 

:·::: :::: ::::: :::::I ::::: ~::~:1' ~::~~ ~::~: !:~~;1 !:~!! 794 811 845 950 916 

3,567 3,392 3,344 3,494 3,302 

13,094 

12,105 

2,581 

6,809 

2' 11:1 

989 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

43,132 

41,328 

9, 555 

19,712 

12,061 

1,804 

33,577 

32,215 

7' 721 

14,724 

9, 770 

1,362 

9,554 

9,112 

1,834 

4,98$ 

2,290 

.. , 

(NA) 

(AAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

11,811 

7,976 

2,235 

4,559 

1,182 

3,835 

8,271 

4, 983 

l, 488 

2, 737 

3,288 "' See fOQtnotes at end of table. 
-·-"" .. '. 

.. . . 

Table 2. Persons Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race 

of Head: 1959 to 1974-Continued (Numbers in thouaands Persons 

ramily status and sex 

and race of head 1974 

of l.larch of the following year The tine "Head" refer~ to the number of familie~) 

1961 1960 

17 

1973 ! 1959 ·1.972 II 1971 1970 }9691 196!1 1967 1966. 11965 119641" 1963 !I 

---------·----~-+--~--~---1---~-----+---l---~~---~--~-+--~--r---

l ' i I I l'er~on~ in Families 

~ith Female llead and 

l'emale Unrelated 

lndiv Ldua Is--continued 

Segro and other races,. 

In fam1lies. ' !lead. "I 

1\elated children, : I Other family members .• ,. 'I Unre!Bted individuals. 

Negro. 

In families ......••• ,., 

Head .•• 

Related children. 

Other family meotbers .. 

Unrelated Lndividuah .•• 

PE:RCf.lfl" BELOW 125 PERCE!fl" 

Of TilE LOW-INCOME LEVEL 

All Persons 

Total. 

In families. 

!lead. 

Related children., •. 

Other family members •••• 

Unrelated individuals .• ,., 

White. 

In families. 

Head. 

Related children. 

Other family members 

Unrelated individual~. 

Negro &nd other races, 

In families. 

Head. 

Related children ....... 

Other family- me10bers 

Unrel&ted ii.dividuah. 

Negro. 

In families. . . . . . . . I Head. 

Related children 

Other famlly members. I Unrelated individuds. 

Persons in l'amilies With 

Male Head and Male 

Unrelated Individuals 

Total. 

In families. 

Head .•• 

Related children .•••.• 

Other family members. 

Unrelated individuals. 

White •.... , ...... 

In families. 

Head. 

Related children .• 

Other !&mily members •. 

Unrelated individuals, •• , 

Negro and other racea. 

In families •. 

He&d .•••........•.•.•. 

Related children. 

Other family members 

Unrelated individuals. 

Negro 

In f&milies. 

Head ..••.••.•.•.•. 

Rel&ted children •.••. 

Other family members. 

Unrelated individuals •• 

5,969 

5,176 

1,292 

3,180 

"' "' 

5, 789 

5,033 

1,249 

3,113 

"' "' 

16.5 

14.6 

13.3 

20,9 

,_, 

36,2 

13.2 

11.2 

10.6 

15.6 

33.9 

39.2 

35.1 

49.2 ~-·I 25.0 

50.8 

41.4 

40.3 

37.4 

51.7 

26,4 

51.9 

11.0 

10,2 

13.1 '·' 

,_, 

28.0 

10.8 

25.5 

25.7 

24.6 

21.5 

31.2 

19.8 

40.0 

26.9 .. 

25.8 

22.7 

32.7 

20.9 

39.5 

See footnotes at end o! Uble. 

5,650 i 4, 984 ' 

1,208 

3,148 

'" "' 

5,452 

4,842 

1,170 

3,051 

"' '" 

15.8 

14.0 

12.8 

19.6 

34.6 '·' 

12.5 i 10.6 

10.1 

14.2 

,_, 

32.9 

38.5 

37.8 

34..4. 

48.6 

25.4 I 

45.6j 

40.6 

40.0 

36.5 

51.0 

27.1 

45.8 

10,5 

... 

... 

12.2 

s.1 I 25.4 ! 

8.8 ! 8.2 I 

10.0 

23,3 

25.6 

24.8 

21.5 

30,3 

' 21.1 

35.8 

• 26.8 

: 26.1 

22.7 

31.8 

22.4 

34.7 

5, 743 

5,070 

1,223 

3,227 

'" 

i 5, 449 ! 

4,811 

1,157 

3,057 ,, 

"' 

16.8 

14.9 

13.5 

20.8 

10.1 

38.3 

13.4 

11.4 

10.8 

15,3 

... 36,6 

40.5 

39.7 

35.8 

51.0 1 !::: I 

~:I 37.3 

51.6 

~~:~I 

I 

I 

::::I 

iii' 

'-' '-'I ,_, 

11.3 

25.3 

27.5 

26.6 

22.4 

32.9 22.6 

39.8 

28.8 

27.9 

' 23.5 

34.3 

23.9 

40.7 

5,162 

4,481 

1,091 

2,844 

"' "' 

4,993 

4,334 

1,058 

2, 747 

,, 

"' 

17.8 

15,9 

14.6 

21.5 

11.2 

40.2 

14.6 

12.6 

11.9 

16.5 

'-' 

38.2 

40.9 

39.7 

36.6 

49.9 

27.2 

53.7 

42.7 

41.6 

38.2 

52.J 

28.4 

55.4 

12.7 

12.0 

10.8 

14.9 

10.1 

30,1 

10.8 

10.2 

i!l' 

29.4 

28.5 

24.7 

34.6 

24.0 

43.3 

30.8 

30.1 

26,0 

36,8 

25.0 

43.2 

1,98H 

4,328 

2, '" 772 

"' '" 

4,866 

4,235 

2, "' 708 

"' '" 

17.6 

15.7 

14.4 

20.8 

11.3 

41.3 

14.3 

12.2 

11.8 

15,5 

39,5 

41.3 

40.2 

~ .. 50,4 

28,0 

54.0 

42.9 

41.9 

'38.0 

52.3 

29.3 

55.1 

12.7 

12.0 

11.1 

14.6 

10.2 

"'·' 

10.7 

10.1 

11.8 '·' 

27.9 

"'·' 

29.6 

26.1 

36.4 

24.1 

42.4 

31.3 

30.7 

26.9 

37.7 

25.0 

42.1 

4,692 

4,040 

2,601 '" 

"' "' 

4,526 

3,916 

2,523 '" 

... 

"" 

17,4 

15.4 

14.3 

20.2 

11.3 

41.8 

14.0 

12.0 

11.7 

14.9 

40.0 

42.0 

41.0 

36.8 

50.9 

29.0 

52.7 

43.2 

42.2 

37.9 

52.7 

29.5 

53.9 

12.6 

11.9 

10.9 

14.4 

10.2 

32.4 

10,5 

'·' 

11.4 '·' 

.., 

"'·" 

31.3 

30.6 

26.4 

37.1 

25.4 

43,0 

32.1 

31.5 

27.1 

38.6 

25.8 

43.7 

4,658 

4,041 

2,656 '" 

"' "' 

4,493 

3, 906 

.,. 

2,560 

, .. ,., 

18.2 

16.4 

14.6 

21.5 

12.0 

42.4 

14.71 

12.81 12.1 

16.0 

,_, 

40.5 

43.5 

42.6 

37.7 

52.9 

29.7 

54,4 

44.9 

44.1 

39.2 

54..5 

30.9 

55.0 

13,6 

13.0 

11.6 

15.9 

11.0 

31.9 

11.3 

10.8 

10.1 

12.7 

29.7 '·' 

33.5 

33.0 I 27.8 

40,3 

26.9 

42.2 

34.8 

34,4 

29.0 

41.9 

27.9 

41.7 

4,554 

3,942 

2,585 "' 

"' "' 

4, 435 

3,843 

2,523 '" 

... 

,, 

20.0 

• 18.2 

16.6 

23.3 

13.8 

45.8 

16.3 

14.3 

13.8 

17.4 

11.4 

44.3 

47.4 

46.8 

41.7 

56.9 

34,2 

55.1 

49.5 

48.9 

4.3.5 

59,2 

36,2 

56.3 

15.6 

15.1 

13.7 

18.2 

12.8 

33.8 

13,0 

12.5 

11.9 

14.5 

10.9 

31.8 

39,0 

38.8 

33.4 

46.5 

31.8 

42.7 

41.0 

.... 

35.1 

48.9 

33.9 

42.8 

··"'I ··'" 1 ._,,, ··""I ··"'I 3,;!;: 3,;~; 3,;:~: 3,!~~11 3,:~:1 2,386~ 2,423 2,350. 2,442 2,407 

~4 5M 551 5991 ~4 ,.-1 5% ~9 569 588 

4,172, (NA)! (NA) (NA) (lfAl 

3 6211 (NA) i (NA) (NA) {NA) 

2:~:! I ~:1~ I ~:1~ ~::~ ~::~ 498 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 

551 (NA) {NA) (NA) (NA) 

I i 

21.3 

19.6 

17.6 

25.3 

14.9 

46.41 

:: 14.6 :I 19.2 

., _,I 44.4 

50.9 

50.3 

44..1 

60.5 

38.6 

60.1 

53,0 

. 52.4 

45.9 

62.8 

40.4 

61.6 

17.1 

16.6 

14.8 

20.4 

13,9 

36.2 

14.1 

13.6 

12.7 

16.2 

11.7 

33.5 

" • I .,_,I 

36.8 

51.3 

36.3 

... , I 45.3 .,.I 38.3 

53.7 

38.0 

50.7 

I 

,._.I. 

22.6 

~;::I 47.3 

19.6 

17.9 

16.6 

22.0 

14.4 

45.6 

57.6 

57.6 

49,5 

68.5 

45.9 

58.0 

'"'' '"'' (NA) 

(NA) ~:~I 

19.8 

19.4 

16.8 

23.8 

16.5 

. 37.1 

16.3 

15.8 

:: 13.8 :I' 35.4 

51.0 

51.3 

42.5 

61.0 

43.5 

44.9 

'"'' (NA) 

'"'' (NAl 

'"'' (NA) 

26,31 

24.7! 

21.5: 

31.31 

19.61 

49.3 

21.8 i 20.11 

!!:: i 16.71 

47.3 

59.5! 

59.3 i 50.11 

:~:~II 

'"'' (NA) I (NA). 

;:~I 

'"'' 

22.3 

21.9 

18.8 

26.8 

18.7 

38.91 

18.8 

I 18.4 i 16.5; 

21.71 

16.21 

36.1 ,_,'1 

53,7 

43.81" 

65.5 

43.6. 

51.81 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

27.1 

25.5 

22.8 

31.9 

20.4 

51.9 

22.5 

20.8 

19.2 

25.2 

17.1 

49.9 

62.1 

61.9 

54.9 

72.3 

50.4 

65,1 

(NA) 

'"'' '"'' '"'' (NA) 

'"'' 

23.1 

22.6 

19.8 

27.2 

19.5 

43.1 

19.5 

19.0 

17.2 

22.3 

16.7 

40.8 

55.3 

55.3 

47.4 

65.1 

47.4 

55.4 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(liA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

I 

"" "·'I 24.1 

34.3 

21.8 

53.0 

23.9 

~-' 20.4 

27.2 

18.2 

50.1 

66.6 

66.3 

58.4 

77.9 

53,8 

71.1 

'"'' (NA) 

'"'' (NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

24.9 

24.4 

21.2 

29.8 

20.8 

44.8 

21.0 

20.5 

18.5 

24.5 

17.8 

40.7 

60.9 

~~~!II 72.1 

51.5 

63.7 

IM> 

{NA) 

(M) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

4,0861 

3,480 

"'I 2,006 

'"I '" 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

30.0 

28.4 

25.3 

35.0 

23.4 

53.1 

25.3 

23.7 

21.8 

28.4. 

20.0 

50.5 

65.8 

65.6 

58.4 

76.3 

54.4 

68.9 

{NA) 

(NA) 

'"'' (NA) 

'"'' (NA) 

26,1 

25.7 

22.6 

31.0 

22.3 

41.6 

22.3 

21.9 

19,9 

25.7 

19.4 

37.9 

60.9 

61.1 

52.2 

72.0 

51.9 

58.1 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

,_"'I 3,163 

1,8391 '" 

"' 5441 

(NA) I (NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

'"'' (NA) 

30.4 

29.1 

25.4 

36,6 

23.5 

51.0 

25.9 

24.4 

21.9 

30.2 

20,3 

49,0 

65.1 

65,2 

_58.5 

76.1 

53.0 

63.6 

'"'' '"'' '"'' (NA) 

'"'' '"'' 

26.8 

26.4 

22.6 

32.5 

22.6 

40.7 

23,0 

22.6 

19.9 

27.1 

19.8 

38.2 

60.3 

60,7 

52.1 

72.1 

50.4 

51.9' 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

3,539 

2,992 

'" 1,822 

"' "' 

(NAl 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

31.1 

29.7 

26.2 

37.9 

23.3 

52.7 

26.7 

25.2 

22.6 

31.6 

20.4 

50.8 

66.8 

67.0 

61.0 

78.0 

53,4 

64..0 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

27.7 

27.3 

23.6 

33.8 

22.8 

~-· 

23.9 

23.5 

20.7 

28.6 

20.1 

39.8 

63.0 

63,4 

55.8 

74.0 

52.6 

55.7 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 
18 

Table 2. Persons Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level by Family Status and Sex and Race 

of Head: 1959 to 1974-Continued 

<.~umbers in thousands. Persons as of March of the following year. The line "Head" refers to the number of faDiill.es) 

":::' .:::·:: :::/"' ! "" I "" I "" I "" ! "" I'%'' "" I "" ""' I "" "" I "" "" "" "" ! "" -------------'----.--[--~-!--+- ---T-r---~-- --f--r-----c-+---:1 __ , ..... Fernole ,. ............ llo•ad and Femal<' , '"'" li . r.,· ' ' '- I /r ·, r I L'nrelotcd lnd!\'ldual' I I Total ..... ,. I H.R. 44.4146,6 47.9 47.0i 47.sj 47,7~ 487 49.6! :-.4.0, 53.41 56.0 

In lam> lie~. ~ ~6.0: 16.0 I 47.21 48.4 46,4: 48,0: 17,2 1 46 8! 48.3 i 54.31 52.41 5~.4 Head. r• 40.8 40.41 41.4 I 43.0 40 0! 41.5 · 40,J 41.0 i 41,11 46.71' 44.61 48.2 Related ch.ildrom. 62.6 61.9 63.91 64,5 62:9) 66,2) 651 63.5 67.4 73,1 70,81 74,8 

OUter family members, I 21.7. 22,7 23.0 I 25.1 24,11 25,0 j 24,5 25,51 26.6 32.1 31.1] 32.8 

Unrelated tndivlduals. I 42.1: 41.0 4~.21 46.7 48.3: 47.~ I 48.7 52.111 5-2.3 53.2 55.71 57.3 

"h•te. ! 37.1; 36.9 39 0 I 41.3 40.2 I 40.7. 40.5 41.3 i 42.4 ~ 46.6 I 46.1 47.7 

In fa•n~lles. 35.71 35.4 36:1 j 39.1 36.3 I 37.41 36.7 36.2. 37.9 44.1 41.9 43.7 

llead.................... 31.9 I 31.7 32 4/ 35.0 32.21 33.4 32.2 33.2! 33.4 39.2 37.2 39.0 

Related chlldr<"n. 53.4 ~1.2 52:7 55.4 53.4] 56.1 54.5 ~1.9) 56.6! 63.2 60.4 64.2 

Other family members. 12.5 14.7 1 15 31 18.9 16.5 18.1 I 18.3 19.3 j 20.1 I 24.4 23.2 23.8 

unre~:~:::::~:::::1:~c .... ::::: :::~/ ::::1 :::r ::: :::· :::: :::1! ::::j :::: :::: :::: ln11 !::~11es. :~:~ ~ :~:; :~:~ . :::~ j :~:! !~:~ :::~I :::~ ;~:~~~ ;::: ~~:~ :~:~ ~~!::e~a~~~!d~::bers. :::: :;:~ :~:! :~:~ :::~ =~:~ =~:! ~ =~:~ =~:; :::;I ::! !!:: Unrelat<>d Individuals. 62.2 ~6.5 59.6 63.7 65.0 62.1 66.6 67.0 69.5 70.6 73.2 73.6 

In !:::~:~... :::: :::: :::: :::: :::: :::; :::: :::: ::::I ;::; ;:: Head.. 64.4 63.3 63.5 64.4 63.1 65.5 64.7 65.4 68 6 {NA) (NA) 

~~!:!"~-~~~!d~::t...rs. :::~ :~:: :~:! :::~ :~:~ ~:~ =~:~ =~:~ :~:! i ::~: :::: Unrelated individuals. 64.3 57.7 62.3 66.1 66.8 62.6 67.2 68.4 70.~ I (NA) (NA) 

NA Not available. 

'Be~tlnning •ith th .. Mar"h 1970 CPS. data base<;! on 1970 census population "ontrols; ,..,., text for explanation. 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

.(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

57.2 

56.8 

50.0 

76.7 

34.5 

58.2 

48.8 

45.0 

41.2 

65.5 

25.4 

55.6 

83.3 

84.0 

78.7 

93.4 

6~.3 

78.8 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

,_,I 

56.5 

50.2 

73.7 

38.1 

60.5 

50.7 

46.6 

41.9 

64.8 

29.5 

58.0 

81.3 

81.5 

79.1 

89.4 

66.1 

80.5 

(~) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

56.8 I 

56.6 ' I 

49. 7j 

77.3 

~;::! 

50.1! 

47.4 

41.6 

70.8 

26.8 

~5.1 

82.1 

83.2 

81.5 

89.8 

68.8 

76.3 

(M) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

,~, 

(NA) 

(NAJ 

57. l 

~6.2 

49.7 

79.4 

29.8 

59.1 

,._, 

47.4 

42.0 

73.1 

23.5 

57.4 

79.8 

81.3 

78.7 

91.4 

57.3 

72.7 

{NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

2

Beglnning with the !larch 1967 CPS, data based on revised methodology for proce~tsing incotae data; see text to:r explanation. 

Sot<": Cotaparabl., data tor the total population can be !ound In table 7 o! this repo:rt for 1974 and in co:r:responding tables o! Series P-60. No. 76, 81, 86. 91. and 98 for the ye•~s 1969 to 1973. 
19 

Table 3. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region of Persons, Families, and Unrelated Individuals 

by low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1969, and 1971 to 1974 

(NIUnbera irl thousands. Persons, families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975 1974, 1'17:3 1!172 1970 and April 1960) 

Residence and region 

Total. 

Nonfarm. 

Fann. 

Total 

Metropolitan areas. 

Inside central cities. 

OUtside central cities .. 

Nonmetropolttan areas. 

North and West. 

Northeast .•.............• 

North Central. 

West. 

South •• 

TotaL 

Non! ann. 

F&J'1D. 

White 

Metropolitan areas. 

Inside central cities .. , 

Outside central cities .. , .. 

Nonmetropoli tan areas ..• , , , , • , 

North and West., •. 

Northeast ..... 

North Central ....... . 

West •.•••.•• , •••••• ,., 

South ••• 

Total •• 

Nonfarm. 

Farm. 

Negro 

lletropolitan areas .. 

Tns1d"' central citte& 

Outdde central cities .. 

No,llllletropoli tan areas .••. 

North and Weat •• 

Northeast .•.•. 

North Central 

West ••• 

South ................. .. 

Total ••.. 

Nonfarll •. 

Fano. •• 

Total 

Metropolitan areas. 

Inside central cities 

Outside central cities 

Nonmetropolitan areas •. 

North and Weat. 

Northeast. 

North Central. 

West •.. 

South ........... .. 

Total. 

Nonfan~~ •.•••• 

Fan11. 

White 

Metropolitan areao. 

Inside central cities. 

OUtside central citieo. 

Nonmetropolttan 

North ~nd West •••. 

Northeast •.•............• 

North Central.. 

West. 

south •• 

See footnotes at end of table. 

1974 1973 

24,260 22,973 

22,764 21,689 

1,496 1,283 

14,588 13,759 

8,796 8,594 

5,792 5,165 

9,672 9,214 

13.499 12.912 

4,473 4j207 

4,990 4,864 

4,036, 3,841 

10,761 10,061 

16,290 

15,098 

1,191 

9,232 

4,510 

4, 722 

7,057 

10,165 

3,212 

3,652 

3,300 

6,125 

7,467 

7,177 

"" 4,985 

4,0118 

2,482 '" 

2,946 

1,185 

1,297 

.... 

4,521 

5,109 

4, 768 

"' 3,073 

1.827 

1.246 

2,036 

2, 790 

1,020 "' 

2,319 '" 

3,482 

3,193 

'"' 1, 941 

1,017 

1,541 

2,106 

'" "' l,;l76 "' 

15. 142 

14,159 

"' 8,452 

4,305 

4,147 

6,690 

9, 741 

3,003 

3,592 

3,147 

5,401 

7,388 

7,102 

'" 

4, 998 

4,062 

2,390 '" 

2,877 

1,171 

1, 229 

4,511 

4,828 

4,533 

'" 

2,838 

1, 753 

1,086 

1, 990 

2,685 

1,005 

2,143 '" 

3,219 

2,984 

'" 1, 723 

'" 1,498 

2,015 

'" "' 1,204 "' 

Below low-lnco10e level 

1972 

24.460 

23.069 

1,392 

14,508 

9,179 

5,329 

9, 952 

.13,532 

4,266 

5,258 

4,008 

10,928 

16,203 

15' 101 

1,102 

8, 920 

4,599 

4,320 

7,283 

10,230 

. 3,052 

3, 952 

3,226 

5,973 

7. 710 

7,440 

"' 5, 249 

1,359 

2,461 "' 

2, 908 

1,154 

1,278 ., 

4,802 

5,075 

4, 753 

,, 

2,938 

1,828 

1,110 

2,137 

2, 761 

1,079 '" 

2,314 '" 

3,441 

3,171 

'" 1,819 

"'' 1,622 "' 

2,091 ,, 

'" 

1,350 "' 

25.559 

23.492 

2.068 

14,561 

8,912 

5,649 

10,999 

14,377 

4,512 

5, 764 

4,101 

11,182 

17. 7'10 

16,207 

1,573 

9, 798 

5,178 

4,620 

7,982 

11,487 

3,397 

4,633 

3,457 

6,293 

7,396 

6,927 

'" 4,586 

3,612 

2,810 '" 

2,631 

1,092 

1,107 

4. "' 765 

5,303 

4,851 

"' 2,970 

1, 781 

1,189 

2,333 

2,947 

1,191 "' 

2,356 "" 

3, 751 

3,382 

"' 1,962 

"' 1, '" 789 

2,332 

·~ '" ,00 

1,419 

1969 

24 147 

22 149 

1.998 

13,084 

7, 993 

5,091 

11,063 

13,057 

4,108 

5,424 

3,525 

11,090 

16,659 

15,159 

1,501 

8,804 

4. 765 

4,038 

7,855 

10,486 

3,161 

4,358 

2,968 

6,173 

7,095 

6,597 

"' 4,005 

3,076 

3,089 '"' 

2,245 

1,015 '" 

4,850 "' 

5,008 

4,582 

"' 2,611 

1,609 

1,002 

2,397 

2,632 ,, 

1,077 

2,376 "' 

3,.575 

3, 229 

"' 1, 782 

'" 

1, '" 793 

2,123 

'" "' 

1,452 "' 

1959 1 

38. 766 

(NAl 

(NAl 

17,019 

10.437 

6,582 

21,747 

19,650 

(NAl 

(NAl 

(NAl 

19,116 

1974 

185,083 

I77,51R 

7.565 

127.811 

52,359 

75' 453 

57,272 

128,919 

43' 709 

51,608 

33,602 

56. 164 

Above low-income level 

1973 1972 

1!14.64!1 181.544 

176,386 173.598 

11.263 7,945 

128,036 126,621 

52,932 53,132 

75,104 73,489 

56,612 54,923 

129.096 127,R93 

44,622 44,587 

51,573 51,244 

32,901 32,062 

55,552 53,651 

1971 

1711.995 

171,179 

7 ,!115 

126,109 

53, 78!1 

72.321 

52,884 

126.431 

44,072 

50,343 

32,015 

52.564 

1969 

175,370 

167.706 

7,664 

124,606 

55,086 

69,520 

50,764 

124,635 

43' 489 

50,862 

30,284 

50,735 

28,336 166,073 166,043 163,922 161,618 158,690 

(NA) 158,815 158, 16!1 156,326 154,163 151,409 

(NAl 7,259 7,875 7,597 7,455 7,280 

11,825 

6,513 

5,312 

16.511 

16,859 

(NAl 

(NAl 

(NA) 

11,477 

9,927 

(NAl 

(NA) 

5,002 

3,816 

1,186 

4,925 

2,422 

(MAl 

(MAl 

(MA) 

7,505 

7,974 

6,555 

1, 419 

3,342 

2,013 

1,329 

4,632 

3, 945 

1 '184 

1,954 

4,029 "'' 

6,027 

4,849 

1,178 

2,369 

1,265 

1,104 

3,658 

3,415 

1,008 

1, 724 

2,612 '" 

112,582 

41.413 

71,169 

53,493 

118,292 

40,074 

47,924 

30,295 

47,782 

16 '321 

16,049 

"' 12' 893 

9,699 

3,193 

3,428 

8,336 

3,203 

3,485 

1,648 

7,984 

50,603 

48,546 

2,057 

34,668 

14,185 

20,483 

15,935 

34,823 

11,669 

13,999 

9,154 

15,780 

45,969 

43,973 

1,994 

30,909 

11,464 

19,445 

15,060 

32,197 

10,780 

13,086 

8,331 

13,771 

113,186 

42,087 

71,099 

52,857 

118,770 

41' 128 

47,823 

29, !119 

47.273 

16. 124 

15,750 

"' 12,701 

9,63!;1 

3,063 

3,421 

8,209 

3,148 

3,503 

1 ,5.58 

7,914 

50,225 

47,978 

2,247 

34,479 

14 '266 

20,211 

15,746 

34,725 

11,897 

13,861 

8, 967 

15,500 

45,700 

43,539 

2,162 

30,861 

11,612 

19,249 

14.839 

32,227 

11,045 

12,979 

8,202 

13,473 

112,157 

42,479 

69,679 

51,765 

117,766 

41,105 

47,440 

29,221 

46,157 

112,126 

43,551 

68,575 

49,492 

116,441 

40,375 

46, !145 

29,220 

45,177 

15.434 15.388 

15,144 15,112 

289 276 

12,580 12,449 

9,601 9,322 

2,981 3,127 

2,854 2,939 

!1,172 8,253 

3,151 3,462 

3,536 3,357 

1,484 1,435 

7,262 7,135 

49,298 

47,107 

2,190 

34,003 

14,331 

19,672 

15.296 

34,337 

11,862 

13,777 

8,699 

14,001 

45,036 

42,922 

2,114 

30,484 

11,694 

18,790 

14,552 

31,877 

11,006 

12,888 

7, 983 

13. 158 

47,993 

45.852 

2,141 

33,526 

14,333 

19,193 

14,467 

33,594 

11,659 

13,487 

8,448 

14,399 

43,890 

41,831 

2,059 

30' 207 

11,852 

18,356 

13.683 

31 '212 

10,767 

12,637 

7,809 

12,678 

110. 789 

44,608 

66,183 

47,901 

115,140 

40,180 

47,262 

27,697 

43' 550 

14,916 

14,635 

"' 12,314 

9,582 

2, 731 

2,603 

7,884 

3,155 

3,456 

1, 273 

. 7,032 

46,580 

44,565 

2,014 

32,777 

14,740 

18,037 

13,802 

32,771 

11,484 

13' 304 

7,984 

1:> ,809 

42,686 

40,746 

1,940 

29,543 

12' 262 

17,281 

13. 143 

30,551 

10,669 

12.491 

7,391 

12' 135 

1959 1 

137,736 

(NAl 

(NAl 

94 .05f46.743 

47,312 

43.681 

102,911 

(NI\l 

(NA) 

(NAl 

34,825 

12!1. 591 

(NA) 

(NA) 

86.565 

40,665 

45,900 

42,026 

97,280 

(NA) 

(AA) 

(NA) 

31.311 

8,086 

(NAl 

(IIA) 

6,672 

5,528 

1,144 

1,414 

4,638 

(NAl 

(NAl 

(NA) 

3,448 

37,030 

35,130 

'·""' 

25' 242 

12.702 

12,540 

11,788 

27.598 

10,289 

11,135 

6,174 

9,432 

34,804 

32.940 

1,864 

23,395 

11' 182 

12,213 

11,409 

26' 241 

9, 783 

10,600 

5,858 

8,563 
20 

Table 3. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region of Persons, Families, and Unrelated Individuals 

by low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1969, and 1971 to 1974-continued 

(Nu,.bers in thousands. Persons. hmiltes. and unrelated IndividUal~ as o[ )larch 1975, !974, 1973. 1972, 1970 and April 1960) 

Resideoc" and region 

Families--Continued 

Total. 

Nonfann. 

Farm. 

Negro 

Metropolitan areas. 

Inside .:entral cl ties. 

OUtside central cities. 

Nonmetropoll tan o.reas. 

North and West. 

Northeast .. 

North Central. 

Wen •• 

South ••• 

Male Head 

TOtal 

Nonfann. 

Farm. 

Metropolitan areas ..... . 

Inside central cities. 

Outside central cities .... 

No1111etropol1tan areas •. 

North and West. 

Northeout ••• 

North Central .. 

We8t •••• 

South ..••••• 

F.,..le Head 

TOtal •• 

Nonfarm ••••. 

h~. 

ll!"tropolltan areas ... 

tnaide central cttiea. 

Outude central cities. 

Nollllletropolitan areas ••. 

North and West. 

Northeast ••• 

North Central. • 

West •. 

South ••. 

Unrelat<>d Individuah 

Total. 

Nonfa1'111- ••• 

Fa1'111 •. 

Total 

Metropolitan &reas. 

Inside central cities. 

OUtside central cities. 

Not~~~~etropolitan areas. 

North and West. 

Northeast •.•. 

North Can tral. 

West .. 

South •.• 

Total. 

Nonf&,.,.. 

Fa,.,., 

White 

Metropolita.n areas. 

Inside central cities. 

Outside central cities. 

Nonmetropoli tan areas. 

North and West. 

Northeast. 

North Central.. 

West .• 

South ••• 

See footnotes at end of table. 

1974 

1,530 

l ,4111 

" 1,060 

86-1 

"' "" '" "' "' '" '" 

2, 757 

2,441 

1,363 '" 

'" 

1,395 '"' . 1,388 

'" "' 1,369 '" 

2,351 

2,327 

" 1. 710 

1,134 

'" '" 1.401 

'" '" '" '"' 

4,1120 

4, 704 

3,097 '" 

1,879 

1,218 

1, 723 

3,071 

1,061 

1,121 

1, '" 749 

3, 773 

3,683 

"' 2,314 

1, 251 

1,093 

1.429 

2.567 

'" "" 1,206 "' 

1973 

1.527 

1,471 

" 1.057 

'" '" "' '" "' '" '" "' 

2,635 

2,367 

"' 1, 259 

'" 

1,376 '" 

1, 331 

"' '" 

1,304 '" 

2,193 

2,166 

" 1.579 

1,105 

"' '" 1,354 

"' "' "' '" 

4,674 

4,538 

'" 2,981 

1,844 

1,137 

1,692 

3,025 

1,159 "' 

1,648 

3, 730 

3,619 

"' 2' 298 

1,308 

1,432 "" 

2,512 

"' %0 

1,158 "' 

Below Jo,. Income level 

1972 

1.529 

1.481 

.,. 1,059 

'" '" "' 

'" '" 256 

'" "' 

2,917 

2,621 

'" 1,402 

"' 

1. "" 515 

1.460 

"' "' 

1. "' 457 

2,158 

2,128 

" 1,536 

1,086 

'" '" 1, 300 

"' '" ,,. 

"' 

4,883 

4' 749 

'" 3,139 

1 ,977 

1, 161 

1, 745 

3,246 

1,10!'1 

1,267 

1,637 '" 

3, 935 

3, 826 

"'' 2,447 

1,429 

1.0111 

1.488 

2, 792 

1,100 '" 

1,143 '" 

1971 \ 1969 

l, 481 

1,403 

" 973 

"' '" '"' 

, '"' 

"" 

3,203 

2,805 

'" 1,486 

"' 1, '"' 717 

1, 711 

"' "' 

1,492 "' 

2.100 

2,046 

" 1,484 

"' '" "' 1, 236 

'" "' "' "" 

5,154 

5,021 

'" 3,418 

2,218 

1,199 

1, 737 

3,433 

1,125 

1,397 

1' "' 721 

4,214 

4,093 

"" 2,'718 

1,647 

1.071 

1,496 

2, 985 

1, '" 249 

1. "' 228 

1' 366 

1' 287 

,. 

"' '" "' '" '" '" '" " "' 

3,181 

2,800 

"" 1,409 

'" 1, '" 771 

1 ;619 

"' "' 1,561 "' 

1,827 

1, 782 

" 1,201 

"' "' '" 1,012 

,. '" 

R~S '" 

4,972 

4. 746 

'" 3,174 

1,827 

1,347 

1 '797 

3.300 

1,068 

1,422 

1.672 "" 

4,036 

3, 859 

"' 2,529 

1,382 

1,147 

1,507 

2,875 

1,250 "" 

1,161 '" 

1959 1 

1,860 

1,637 , 

'" 729 

"' "" '" '" '" 

1,394 

6 ,415 

(MAl 

(NA) 

2,481 

1,428 

1,053 

3, 934 

3,150 

(NA), 

(NA) 

(NA) 

3,265 

1,559 

(MAl 

(NAl 

"' "' '" "' 

(~) '" 

(~) 

(NA) 

, .. 

5,894 

(NA) 

(NA) 

3,473 

2,318 

1,155 

2, 421 

4,097 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

1, 797 

5,013 

(NA) 

{NA) 

2,924 

1,876 

1,048 

2,089 

3, 735 

(NA) 

(J;A) 

{NA) 

1, 278 

1974 

3, 968 

3. 915 

3,1!10 " 2.407 

m 

"' 2,062 

'" '" 

1. "' 907 

45,713 

43. 735 

1,978 

31.010 

12,183 

18,827 

14,702 

31.422 

10,404 

12,732 

8,285 

14.291 

4,891 

4,811 

" 3,658 

2,001 

1,657 

1, 233 

3,402 

1,264 

1,267 

1,489 '" 

14,052 

13,791 

"" 10,614 

5,890 

4, 724 

3,437 

10,357 

3,428 

3,662 

3,267 

3.695 

12,479 

12. 231 

'" 9,240 

4, 779 

4,462 

3,239 

9,404 

3,071 

3,360 

2,974 

3,075 

1973 

3, 913 

3,833 

"' 3,097 

2,363 

~· "' 1, 982 

, .. 

"" 1, "' 931 

45.614 

43.454 

2.160 

30,994 

12,337 

18,657 

14,620 

31.563 

10,658 

12,752 

8,153 

14,0~1 

4,611 

4, 524 

" 3,485 

1,930 

1.554 

1.126 

3,162 

1.240 

1,109 

1,449 "' 

13' 586 

13,321 ,., 

10,389 

5,846 

4,543 

3,197 

10,023 

3,271 

3,679 

3.072 

3,564 

12,031 

11,779 

"' 8,995 

4, 724 

4, 271 

3,036 

9,022 

2, 914 

3, 327 

2, 781 

3,009 

-~bov" low-Income !"vel 

1972 

3, 736 

J .671 

" 3,058 

2,371 

"' "' 1,992 

"' '" "' 1, 745 

44 '849 

42. 745 

2,105 

30,651 

12,466 

18 .185 

14,198 

31,262 

10,634 

12,664 

7,964 

13.588 

4,449 

4.363 

3,351 " 1,865 

1,486 

1.098 

1971 

3,673 

3,609 

2·,978 " 2,272 

"'' '" 2.011 

'" '" 

1,663 "' 

43,902 

41,824 

2,078 

30,344 

12.551 

17,793 

13.558 

30,672 

10,476 

12,443 

7' 753 

13,229 

4,091 

4,028 

" 3.182 

1, 783 

1,400 

"'' 3,076 2,922 

1,228 1,184 

1,113 1,044 

734 694 

1,372 1,1?0 

11,928 

11,637 

"' 9,043 

5,316 

3, 728 

2,884 

8, 910 

3,094 

3,106 

2, 709 

. 3,018 

10,560 

10,289 

"' 7,861 

4,352 

3,509 

2,699 

8,040 

2' 756 

2,822 

2,462 

2,520 

. 

11,157 

10,929 ,, 

8,804 

5,305 

3,501 

2,352 

8,412 

2,909 

3,044 

2,460 

2, 745 

10,000 

9, 787 

'" 7,174 

4,427 

3,347 

2,226 

7,657 

2,608 

2.803 

2,246 

2,344 

3.523 

3,462 

" 2,915 

2,281 

'" '"' 1,882 

"' "' ,, 

1,641 

42,814 

40,880 

1, 935 

29,923 

13.092 

16.832 

12,891 

30,081 

10. 307 

12,369 

7,404 

12,.734 

3, 766 

3,685 

" 2, 855 

1,649 

1,206 

"' 2,691 

1,176 

'" 1,075 

9,6M 

9,334 

"' 7,523 

4,369 

3,153 

2,133 

7,311 

2,568 

2,603 

2,141 

2,343 

8,534 

8, 249 

'" 6,553 

3,586 

2, 968 

1,980 

6,584 

2,266 

2,378 

t ,940 

1,950 

19591 

2,003 

1,973 

"' 1,666 

1,397 

"' "' 1,148 

"' "' '" '" 

34,414 

(NA) 

(NA) 

23,372 

11,492 

11,880 

11,042 

25,662 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA} 

8, 752 

2,616 

(NA). 

(NA) 

1,870 

1,210 

"" "' 1,936 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

"" 

6,361 

(NA) 

{NA) 

4,802 

3,362 

1,440 

1,.559 

4,971 

,~, 

(NA) 

(NA) 

1,390 

5,682 

(NA) 

(NA) 

4,220 

2,868 

1,352 

1,462 

4,513 

(NA) · 

(NA) 

(~) 

1,169 
21 

Table 3. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region of Persons, Families, and Unrelated Individuals 

Dy Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1969, and 1971 to 1974--<:ontinued 

(lfUI!Ibers tn tbouaands. Persons, r.,.illes, and unrelated individuals aa of March 1975, 197<1, 19?3, 1972, 1970 and April 1960) 

Residence and region 

Unrelated Individuals--Continued 

Segro 

Total. ... 

N'onfan11 •••••••••• 

Fan. ..•. 

Metr<>pol1tan areas ••••••••••• 

Inside central cities ..•.... , 

0\ltaide central citle11 .... , 

N'o....,.,tl'opolttan areas •••• 

North and West, •• , • , • , •••• , 

Northeast .... , .......... . 

North Centr•L 

West ••. 

South ••.•.•••. ,.,.,,.,, •• ,,,. 

PERCENT DISmtBUTION 

Total 

Total •••••••••••••••••• •••••• 

Montano •••••••••••• ,, •••••••••••••• 

Fa .................................. . 

Metropolitan areas •....•....•. ,., .. 

Inside central cities •.....••.... 

OUtside central cities ••••••• , ••• 

Non-tropoli tan areas •••••••••••••• 

North and Weat •••••••••• , ••••••• ,,, 

Northeast.,, ••••••••••••••••••••• 

North Central. ••••••••••••••••••• 

West •• , •• ,., •• ,., ••••••••••• , ••• , 

south •••••••• , •• , •• ,, •• • ••••••• •••• 

White 

Total. ••••• , •• , •••••••••••••• 

Montana •••••••••• ,., •••• ,.,,., •• ,., 

Fam •••••• , ,, ••.••••••••••• ,,, ,, •. , 

lletropolitan areas .... , .......... .. 

Inside central cities •••••••••••• 

OUhide central cities ••••• , • , • , • 

No11111etropoli tan a_reas ••••• , •• , • , , •• 

North and West •• , •• , •••••• , ••.•• ,,. 

Northeast •• , ••••• , •••••• , •••••••• 

North C•mtt"al •••••••••••••• , ••. , , 

West •••• ,, ••••••• ,., •• ,,. 

South •••. , •••••••• ,,.,,,, 

Negro 

Total •••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Nonfal'lll, .• , •••• , •• ,.,, •••.••••••••• 

Fal'lll ••••.•••.••••. ,.,,.,,., ••.••.• , 

Metropolitan areas .............. : .. 

Inside central cities .•••.••••••• 

OUtside central cities ••••••••••• 

Noruoetropolt tan areas •• , . , ••• , •• , • , 

North and West ••• , •••••.•••••.••••• 

Northeast •••• , ••••••••••••••••••• 

North Central •.•. 

West.,, ••••••••••••••. 

South ••••••••••••••••••• 

Total 

Total •••••••. , •••••••••• 

Nonfarm ...• ,., •••• ,,., •• ,,,,, •••••• 

Far"ll ..................... . 

Metropolitan areae.,. 

Inside central cities ••. 

OUtside central cities •. 

Nonmetropolitan areae •.•••••••••••• 

North and West, ••• , •••• , , • , , . , .•• , , 

Northe&.st •.••••.••••••••••• 

North Central •..•••••••• ,.,,,, .•. 

treat ••••.•••.••. , •••. , •• ,.,,.,.,. 

South ............. , ..... , ......... . 

See footnotes at end of table. 

1974 

'" 

'" " "' 'M 

" "'' '" "' "' " "' 

100.0 

93.8 

'"' "'·' 38.3 

23.9 

39.9 

55.6 

18.4 

20.6 

16.8 

44.4 

100.0 

92.7 

, 

56.7 

27,7 

29,0 

43,3 

62.4 

19.7 

22.4 

20.3 

37.8 

. 100.0 

"'·' '·' 

66.8 

54.7 

12.0 

33,2 

39.5 

15.9 

17.4 

60.5 '·' 

100.0 

93.3 

.., 

60.1 

35.8 

24.4 

39.9 

54.6 

18.0 

20.0 

16.7 

45.4 

'" 

~' " 

'" '" "' "' "' '" "' 

m " 

100.0 

.... 

'·' 

59.9 

37.4 

22.5 

40.1 

56.2 

18.3 

21.2 

16.7 

43.8 

100.0 

93.5 

'·' 

55.8 

28.4 

27.4 

44.2 

64.3 

19.8 

23.7 

20.8 

35.7 

100.0 

96.1 

'"' 67.7 

55.0 

12.7 

32.3 

38.9 

15.9 

16.6 

61.1 '·' 

100.0 

93.9 

'·' 

58.8 

36.3 

22.5 

"41.2 

55.8 

18.2 

20.8 

16.6 

44.4 

Below low-inc0111.e level 

,,., 

,,. 

'" " 

"' "' 

, "' .. 

'"' '" "' " "' 

100.0 

"·' '·' 

59.3 

37.5 

21.8 

40.7 

55.3 

17,4 

21.5 

16,4 

44.7 

100.0 

"·' '-' 

55.1 

28.4 

26.7 

44.9 

63,1 

18.8 

24.3 

19.9 

36.9 

100.0 

96.5 

'"' 68.1 

56.5 

u.s 

31.9 

37,7 

1.5.0 

16.6 

62.3 '"' 

100.0 

93.7 

'·' 

57.9 

36.0 

21.9 

42.1 

54.4 

16.5 

21.3 

16.6 

45.6 

"' 

'" " '" '" '" "' "' '" "' " "' 

100.0 

91.9 

'·' 

57.0 

34.9 

22.1 

43.0 

56.3 

17.7 

22.6 

16.0 

43.7 

100.0 

91.2 

'-' 

55.1 

29.1 

26.0 

44.9 

64.6 

19.1 

26.1 

19.4 

3.5.4 

100.0 

"'·' '·' 

62.0 

48.8 

13.2 

38.0 

35.6 

14.8 

15.0 

64.4 '·' 

1oo.o 

91.5 

'·' 

56.0 

33.6 

22.4 

44.0 

55.6 

17.3 

22.5 

15.8 

44.4 

1969 

'" 

'" " 

"' "' >n 

'" "' "' "' " "' 

100.0 

91.7 

'·' ,..,, 

33.1 

21.1 

45.8 

17.0 "·' 

22,5 

14.6 

45,9 

100.0 

91.0 

'·' 

52.8 

28.6 

24.2 

47.2 

62.9 

19.0 

28.2 

17.8 

37.1 

100.0 

"'·' '·' 

56.5 

43.4 

13.1 

43.5 

31.6 

12.9 

14.3 

.., 

68.4 

100.0 

91.5 

'·' 52.1 

32.1 

20.0 

47.9 

52.6 

16.6 

21.5 

14.4 

47.4 

1959 1 

"' 

(MAl 

(MAl 

"' '" " '" 

(MAl "' 

(MAl 

(NAl 

"' 

1oo.o 

(MAl 

(!fA) 

43.9 

26.9 

17.0 

56.1 

50.7 

(NA) 

(!fA) 

(NA) 

49.3 

too.o 

ow 

(NA) 

41.7 

23,0 

18.7 

58.3 

59.5 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

40.5 

too.o 

(MAl 

(NA) 

50.4 

38.4 

11.9 

49.6 

24.4 

(!fA) 

(!fA) 

(MAl 

75.6 

100.0 

17.8 "·' 

41.9 

25.2 

16.7 

58.1 

-19.5 

14.8 

24.5 

10-1 

50.5 

1974 

1,386 

1 ,374 

" 1,212 

'" "' "' "' "' "' '" "' 

100.0 

95.9 

.., 

69.1 

28.3 

-10.8 

30.9 

69.7 

23.8 

27.9 

18.2 

30.3 

100.0 

95.6 

... 

67.8 

24.9 

42.9 

32.2 

24.1 "·' 

28.9 

18.2 

28.8 

100.0 

98.3 

'"' 79.0 

59.4 

19.6 

21.0 

.51.1 

19.6 

21.4 

10.1 

48.9 

100.0 

. 95.9 

.., 

68.5 

28.0 

40.5 

31.5 

68.8 

23.1 

27.7 

18.1 

31.2 

Above low-inc.,.., level 

1 ,355 

1 ,344 

H 

1 ,210 

'" '" "' "' "' '" "' "' 

100.0 

95.5 

.., 

69.3 

28.7 

40.7 

30.7 

69.9 

24.2 

27.9 

17.8 

30.1 

100.0 

95.3 

.., 

68.2 

25.3 

42.8 

31.8 

24.8 "·' 

28.8 

18.0 

28.5 

100.0 

97,7 

'·' 

78.8 

59.8 

19.0 

21.2 

50.9 

19.5 

21.7 

49.1 '·' 

100.0 

95.5 

.., 

68.6 

28.4 

40.2 

31.4 

69.1 

23,7 

27.6 

17,9 

30.9 

"" 

1,158 

1,146 

H 

'·"" "' '" "' '" "' "' "' '" 

100.0 

9.5.6 

... 

69.7 

"'·' -10.5 

30.3 

24.6 "·' 

28.2 

17.7 

29.6 

100.0 

95.4 

... 

68.4 

2.5.9 

42.5 

31.6 

n., 

2.5.1 

28.9 

17.8 

28.2 

100.0 

98.1 

'"' 81.5 

62.2 

19.3 

18.5 

.52.9 

20.4 

22.9 

47.1 '·' 

100.0 

95.6 

••• 

69.0 

29.1 

39.9 

31.0 

69.7 

24.1 

27.9 

17.6 

30.3 

1971 

1,018 

1 ,007 

.., " 

"' "' '" '" ,,. 

"' "' '"' 

100.0 

95.6 

••• 

..... 

30.1 

40.4 

29.5 

2-1.6 '"·' 

28.1 

17.9 

29.4 

100.0 

95.4 

... 

69.4 

26.9 

42.4 

30.6 

n.o 

2.5.0 

29.0 

18.1 

28.0 

100.0 

98.2 

'"' "·' 

20.3 "·' 

19.1 

"·' "·' 21.8 

46.4 '·' 

100.0 

9.5 • .5 

••• 

69.9 

29.9 

40.0 

30.1 

m.o 

2-1.3 

28.1 

17.6 

30.0 

1969 

''" 

"' " '" '" ,,. 

"' "' "' "' " "' 

100.0 

9.5.6 

... 

31,4 "·' 

39.6 

28.9 

24.8 "·' 

29.0 

17.3 

28.9 

100.0 

.... .., 

69.8 

28.1 

41.7 

30.2 

25.3 "·' 

29.8 

17.5 

27.4 

100.0 

98.1 

'·' 

64.2 "·' 

18.3 

17.4 

52.9 

21,2 

"·' 

47.1 '·' 

100.0 

95.7 

'·' 

31.8 "·' 

38.7 

29.6 

..... 

24.7 

28.6 

17.1 

29.6 

19591 

(ICA) 

(II' A) 

... "' 

" " 

"' "'" "'" '''" "' 

1oo.o 

(II'Al '"" 

88.3 

''"' 34.4 

31.7 

74.7 

()I'A) 

"'" 

:1.5.3 "'" 

100,0 

'"" '"" 

67.3 

31.6 

35.7 

,.., 

"'·' '"" "'" (II'A) 

.... 

100.0 

"'" "'" 

68.4 "·' 

14.1 

17.5 

57.4 

(lfA) 

(II'Al 

(II'A) 

42.6 

100.0 

,.., 

'·' 

68.2 

34.3 

33.9 

31.8 

74 • .5 

27.8 

30.1 

16.7 

2.5.5 
22 

Table 3. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region of Persons, Families, and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race ol Head: 1959, 1969, and 1971 to 1974-Continued 

(NUlllbers in thousand&. Per$ons, fa111lies, and unrelated tndivtduals as of lllarch 197S, 1974, 1973, 1972, 1970 and Aprtl 1960) 

Residence and region 

PERCElfT D!STRIBUTIO:i--Conttnued 

~--Continued 

White 

Total. .... 

Non ram~ ••••.•.••••••••.••••••• ••••· 

Farm., •••••••• , ••. ,, ••••••• ,. 

""'tropolttan areas. 

Inside central cities .. 

OUtside central cities .......... . 

Nonmetropoll tan areas ••..•••••• , ••• 

North and West .••..•••• , ••.•.•••••• 

Northeast .............•..•.. ····· 

North Central ... 

West ••• 

South ••. 

Negro 

Total. .........•.. · 

No:nt&.l"'l., ••••••••••••••••••• , •• , ••• 

Fan~ .•. 

liet:ropolttan areas ............•.••. 

Inside centt"al ctttea ...... ,, ...• 

Outside central cities •••••.••••• 

N<m~Mtropoli tan areaa •••••••••••••• 

North and West •••••••••••••••• •••·• 

Northeast ••••••••••••••••••••• ••. 

North Central· •••••••••••••• • • • • • 

West ••••••••• •· ••• •• •·• • •• ··•··•· South •••• ,,., •••• ,.,.,, ••• ,,., ••••• 

Total •••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Nmfar~~ •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

F&l'll, •,, • • • •, •,, • •, • • •, •,, • • • •, •,,, 

..,tropolttan areas •••••••••••••• , •• 

lnatde central cities •••••••••••• 

Outetde central cities ••••• , ••••• 

Nonaetropolt tan areas •.•••••••••.•• 

North and West ......... , ......... .. 

Northeast •••••.••••••••••••• '···· 

North Central •••••••••••••••••••• 

West •••••••••.•••••••••.••••••••• 

South •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Female Head 

Total ••••..••••••••••••• ••••• 

Nonfan ••••••••• , ••••••• • • •••• • • • • • 

Fan ....................... , •.•.... 

Metropolitan a:r..as ••••••••••••••••• 

Inside central ct ties •••••.• , •••• 

Outside eentral etttes ••.•••••••• 

llo,_tropolltan area& ••••••••••••• , 

North and West •••••.••••••••••••••• 

Northeast ••••••••••• , •••••• ;· • ••• 

North Central •••••••• , •••••• •• • •• 

Weat •••••••••••• • • • ••• • • • •• • • • • • • 

South •••••• , .••••• ••• • •• • • • • • • • • • • • 

Unr.lsted Individuals 

Total 

Total •••••• •••• .•• ••••••••••• 

lfonfanQ •••••••• • .•.••• • • • • • .•• • • • • • Fal'lll •••••••••• , • ,, ••••••••••••••••• 

..,tropolttan areas ••••••••••••• ,, •• 

Inatde central .ctttes ••••••• ,,, •• 

OUtside eentral etttea ••••••• , ••• 

N'Oll!letropolt tan area& ••••••••••••.• 

North and West •••.••••••• ,, .•••••• , 

Northsaat •••••••.••••••• ,, •• • • • • • 

North Central ••• • ••••••• , , •• • • • • • 

West ••••• , •••••• •• • ••• • • • • • • • • • • • 

South ••••. , ••.•••• •• • ••• • • • • •. • • • • • 

See footilotes Rt end of table. 

1974 

100.0 

91.7 

'·' 

55.7 

26.5 

29.2 

44.3 

60.5 

19.2 

21.3 

20.0 

39.5 

100.0 

96.8 

'·' 

69.3 

56.5 

12.8 

30.7 

39.7 

15.4 

17,7 

60.3 '"' 

100.0 

88.5 

11.5 

49.4 

25.1 

24.3 

50.6 

50.3 

14.3 

19.3 

16.7 

49.7 

100.0 

99,0 

'"' 

n., 

48.2 

24.5 

27,3 

59.6 

22.3 

20.7 

16.6 

40.4 

100.0 

97.6 

,. 

64.3 

39.0 

25.3 

35.7 

63.7 

22 .o 23,3 

18.4 

36.3 

llelow la.-tnc"'"" level 

"" 

100.0 

92,7 

'"' 53.5 

26.4 

27.1 

46.5 

62.6 

19.1 

23.1 

20.3 

37.4 

100.0 

"'·' '·' 

69.2 

56.3 

12,9 

30.8 

40.2 

16.7 

16.6 

59.8 '·' 

100.0 

89.8 

10.2 

47.8 

24.6 

23.2 

52.2 

"'·' 14.9 

20.6 

15.0 

49,5 

100.0 

98.8 

'"' n.o 

50,4 

21.6 

28.0 

61.7 

22.1 

21.0 

18.7 

38,3 

100.0 

97,1 

'·' 

63.8 

39.5 

24.3 

36.2 

... ' 20,7 

24.8 

19.2 

35.3 

'on 

100.0 

92.2 

'·' 

52.9 

26.2 

26.7 

47.1 

60.8 

17.2 

23.8 

19.7 

39.2 

100.0 

96.9 

'·' 

69.3 

58.3 

10.9 

30.8 

39.1 

15.4 

16.7 

60.9 '·' 

100.0 

90.0 

10.0 

48.1 

25.4 

22,6 

51.9 

,.., 

12.9 

21.2 

15.9 

49.9 

100.0 

98.6 

'-' 

50.3 "·' 

20.9 

28.8 

"'·' 21.4 

21.4 

17.6 

39.8 

100,0 

97.3 

.., 

64.3 

40.5 

23.8 

35.7 

66 • .5 

22.7 

25.9 

17.9 

33.5 

1971 

100.0 

90.2 

.., 

52.3 

26.0 

26.3 

47.7 

62.2 

18.1 

25.2 

18.8 

37.8 

100.0 

"·' '·' 

65.6 

52.3 

13.4 

34.4 

38.4 

15.7 

16.2 

61.6 '·' 

100.0 

87.6 

12.4 

46.4 

24.4 

"·' 

~-· 53,4 

14.6 

23.0 

15.7 

46.6 

100.0 

97.5 

'·' 70.7 

47.5 

23,1 

29.3 

38.9 

21.3 

u.s 

16.0 

41.1 

100.0 

97.4 

'·' 86,3 

43.0 

23.3 

33,7 

66.8 

21.8 

27.1 

17.7 

33.4 

100.0 

~-' '·' 

49.8 

26.7 

23.1 

50.2 

59.4 

17.7 

24.5 

17 .t 

40.6 

100.0 

94.2 

'·' 

.57.2 

45.6 

u.s 

42.8 

33.3 

14.2 

14.2 

... 66.7 

100.0 

88.1 

1l.9 

44.3 

24.9 

19.4 

55.7 

14.4 "'·' 

13.8 "·' 

49.1 

100.0 

97.5 

'·' 

65.7 

44,7 

21.1 

34.3 

55.4 

20.5 

19.5 

15.4 

.... 

100.0 

95.5 

.. , 

63.9 

36.8 

27.1 

36.1 

66.4 

21.5 

28.6 

16.3 

33.6 

19591 

100.0 

,.., 

19.5 

39.3 

21.0 

18.3 

60.7 

56.7 

16.7 

28.6 

11.3 

43.3 

100.0 

88.0 

12.0 

50.5 

39.2 

11.3 

49.5 

25.1 

... 

12.1 

. 4.0 

74,9 

1oo.o 

(NA) 

(NA) 

38.7 

22.3 

16.4 

61.3 

49.1 

(NA) 

(N'Al 

(NA) 

50.9 

1oo.o 

(MAl 

O<A> 

55.2 

37.5 

17.7 

44.8 

51.0 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

49.0 

100.0 

(NA) 

(NA) 

58.9 

39.3 

19.6 

41.1 

69.5 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

30.5 

1974 

100.0 

95.7 

.., 

67.2 

24,9 

42,3 

32.11 

ro.o 

23.5 

28.5 

18.1 

30.0 

100,0 

98.7 

'"' 

60.7 ""·' 

19.5 

19.9 

.52.0 

19.11 

21.8 

10.4 

48.1 

100.0 

95.7 

.., 

67.8 

26.7 

41.2 

32.2 

68.7 

22,8 

27.9 

18.1 

31.3 

100.0 

98.4 

'"' 74.11 

40.9 

33.9 

25.2 

69.6 

25,8 

25.9 

17,8 

30,4 

100.0 

98.1 

75.5 '"' 

41.9 

33.6 

24.5 

"·' 24.4 

26.1 

23.2 

26.3 

100.0 

95.3 

.., 

67.5 

25.4 

42.1 

32.5 

70.5 

24.2 

28.4 

17.9 

29.5 

100.0 

98.0 

'·' 

79.1 

60.4 

18.8 

20.9 

50.7 

19.5 

21.0 

10.2 

49.3 

100.0 

95.3 

'·' 

67.9 

27.0 

40.9 

32.1 

69.2 

23.4 

28.0 

17.9 

30.8 

100.0 

98.1 

'"' 75.6 

41.9 

33.7 

24.4 

68.6 

26.9 

24.1 

17.6 

31.4 

100.0 

98.0 

... 

43.0 "·' 

-33.4 

23.5 

"·' 24.1 

27.1 

22.6 

26.2 

Above loa--incorae level 

"" 

100.0 

95.3 

.., 

67.7 

26.0 

41.7 

32.3 

70.8 

24,4 

211.6 

17.7 

29.2 

100.0 

98.3 

,., 

111.9 

63.5 

18.4 

18.1 

53.3 

20.6 

22.0 

10.7 

46.7 

100.0 

95.3 

'·' 

68.3 

27.8 

40.5 

31.7 

69.7 

23,7 

28.2 

17.8 

30.3 

1oo.o 

98.1 

'"' 75.3 

41.9 

33.4 

24.7 

69.1 

27.6 

25.0 

16.5 

30.8 

100.0 

97.6 

. ..75.8 

44.6" 

31.3 

24.2 

74.7 

25.9 

26.0 

22.7 

2.5.3 

1971 

100.0 

95.3 

.., 

68.8 

27.0 

41.8 

3t.2 

71.1 

24,5 

28.8 

17.8 

28.9 

100.0 

911.2 

'"' 111.1 

61.11 

19.2 

18.9 

54.7 

22.7 

22.2 

'-' 

45.3 

100.0 

95.3 

.. , 

69.1 

211.6 

40.5 

30.9 

69.9 

23,9 

28.3 

17.7 

30.1 

100.0 

98.4 

77.8 '"' 

43,6 

34.2 

22.2 

n.< 

28.9 

25.5 

17.0 

28.6 

100.0 

97.9 

'"' 78.9 

47,6 

31.4 

21.1 

75.4 

26.1 

27.3 

22.0 

24.6 

1969 

f 

100.0 

95.5 

.., 

69.2 

26.7 

40.5 

30.11 

25.0 "·' 

29.3 

17.3 

28,4 

100.0 

911.3 

'"' 

64.7 "·' 

18.0 

17.3 

53.4 

22.2 

22.2 

46,6 '·' 

100.0 

95.5 

.. , 

69.9 

30.6 

39.3 

30.1 

70.3 

24,1 

28.9 

17.3 

29.7 

100.0 

97.8 

'"' 75.8 

43.8 

32.0 

24.2 

71.5 

31.2 

24.11 

1.5.4 

28.5 

100.0 

"·' '·' 

77.9 

. 45.2 

·az.7 

22.1 

75.7 

28.6 

26.9, 

22.2 

24.3. 

1959 1 

100.0 

"·' ... 

67.2 

32.1 

35.1 

32.8 

75.4 

28.1 

30.5 

16.11 

24.6 

100.0 

98.5 

'"' "·' 69.7 

13.4 

16.8 

57.3 

24.3 

25.7 

... 42.7 

100.0 

(NA) 

(NA) 

67.9 

33.4 

34,5 

32.1 

74.6 

(!fA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

25.4 

100.0 

(NA) 

(!fA) 

46.3 "·' 

25.2 

28.5 

74,0 

(NA) 

(!fA) 

(NA) 

26.0 

1oo.o 

(!fA) 

(!fA) 

75.5 

52.9 

22.6 

. 24,5 

78.1 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(MAl 

21.9 
.. ··, . ~, 

23 

Table 3. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region of Persons, Families, and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1969, and 1971 to 1974-Continued 

{lfualbera tn thousands. Peraona, r,..tltes, and unrelated tndtvtduals as ot ICarch 1975, 1974, 1973, 1972, 1970 and April 1960) 

Residence and region 

PERCEifr DISTRIBUTION--Continued 

Unrelated lndtvtduals--Conttnued 

Total. ..............•.•.... 

Nonfar111 •• , •••••••••••••••••• , •• ,., 

Fano •••••••••••••••• ,., •••••••••• 

letropolltan areaa ............ ,, .. . 

Inside central ctttes .. , ........• 

Outatde central cttles .......... . 

Hon..etropolt tan area a .. , , , ..•.•...• 

Korth and West ••••••••• , ••• ,., ..... 

Mortheaat., .. ,, ...•...•.•........ 

North Central., .................• 

, Weat ••••••• ,.,,, •••••••• • • • • • • • • • 

South •••••••••••••.•••••• 

"'"'"" Total ..... , ....... , 

Monta,.,., .......•.... , ..•.•..•. • · · · · 

Fara. ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• :··· 

Metropolitan areas ................ . 

Inside cntral clttea •.. ,,,,.,,,, 

Outalde c.ntral cl tie" .•. ,, , , , , • , 

lloD.etropolttafl areaa •.•.•.•. ,,,, .. 

North and Weat., .•.•.• ,,,,,, ...... . 

Korthea,t ....................... . 

Korth c .... trat .• ,., , ........... , • , 

..... t ............................ . 

South .... ,,,, •.••.•.•... ,,,, ..... .. 

NA Mot avallable. 

1974 

1oo.o 

97.6 

"' 62.1 

33.2 

29.0 

37.9 

68.0 

22.9 

23.9 

21.2 

32.0 

100.0 

97.3 

'"' 70.9 

61.0 

•~• 29.1 

46.1 

18.9 

21.2 

53.9 '·' 

'Based on 1-in-1,000 SQiple of 1960 cens>ul. 

Below low-tnco111e level 

~:::I '·' 

61.6 ' 

35.1 ! 26.5 

38.4 

69.0 

22.5 

25.9 

20.6 

3t.O 

100.0 

97.0 

'·' "·' 55.9 

15.3 

28.7 

42.9 

14,5 

21.0 

57.1 '·' 

100.0 

97.2 

,.. 

62.2 

36.3 

25.9 

37.8 

24.1 "·' 

28,0 

18.9 

29.0 

1oo.o 

97.1 

'·' 

71.8 

57.2 

14.6 

28.0 

43.7 

16.4 

18.2 

56.2 '·' 

"" 

100.0 

97.2 

,.. 

64.5 

39.1 

25.4 

35.5 

22.5 "'·' 

29.6 

18.7 

29.1 

100.0 

98.5 

,_, 

74.7 

62.4 

12.4 

25.3 

44.0 

19.3 

15.9 

... 56.0 

1969 

100.0 

95.6 

'·' 

62.7 

34.2 

28.4 

37.3 

23.0 "·' 

31.0 

17.2 

28.8 

100.0 

"·' '·' 

68.8 

48.4 

20.4 

31.2 

41.0 

15.4 

19.1 

59.0 '·' 

19591 

100.0 

(MA) 

(MAl 

58.3 

37.4 

20,9 

41.7 

74.5 

(MAl 

(NAl 

(KA) 

25.5 

100.0 

'"" (MAl 

51.4 '""' 

u.s 

38.8 

37.9 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(MAl 

"·' 

1974 

100.0 

98.0 

'-' 

74.0 

38.3 

35.8 

26.0 

75.4 

24,6 

28.9 

23.8 

24.6 

100.0 

99.1 

'·' 

87.4 

16.5 "·' 

12.8 

57.4 

21.9 

20.6 

14.8 

42.6 

'"' 

100.0 

97.9 

'"' 74.8 

39.3 

35.5 

25.2 

75.0 

24.2 

27.7 

23.1 

25.0 

100.0 

"·' '·' .... 

16.3 "·' 

10.6 

61.3 

24.1 

24.3 

12.8 

38.8 

Above low-1nc0111e level 

100.0 

97.4 

'·' 74.4 

41.2 

33.2 

25.6 

76.1 

26.1 

26.7 

23,3 

23.9 

100.0 

"·' '·' 

... ' 

14.9 "·' 

13.4 

59.8 

25.5 

22.4 

11.7 

40.3 

1971 

1oo.o I 97.9 

'"' 77.7 

44.3 

33.5 

22,3 

76.6 

26.1 

28.0 

22.5 

23.4 

100.0 

98.8 

.., 

88.2 

75.5 

12,7 

11.8 

61.4 

26.5 

22.2 

12.7 

38.6 

1969 

100.0 

96.7 

'·' 

76.8 

42.0 

34.8 

23.2 

77.2 

26.6 

27.9 

22.7 

22.8 

100.0 

98.1 

,_, 

87.4 

n.o 

15.5 

12.6 

60.4 

29.8 

21.2 

... 

39.6 

1959 1 

100.0 

(NAl 

(HAl 

74.3 

50.5 

23.8 

25.7 

79.4 

(MAl 

(HAl 

(MAl 

20.6 

100.0 

{HAl 

{HAl 

85.9 

12.8 "·' 

14.1 

64.4 

(MAl 

(MAl 

(MA) 

35.6 
24 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974 

Selected 

character! sties 

All ~·WIIilies 

AKe of head 

Total, .............. . 

Under 35 year~. 

Under 25 years,. 

25 to 34 years, 

35 to 44 years, 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 64 year,., 

65 years and over ••• , 

M<>dtan age., 

Stze of family 

Total. 

2 persons, ....... ,,,,.,, 

Hea.d 65 years and over. 

3 persons .. 

4 persons .. 

5 persons. 

6 persona .. 

7 persona or ~~~<>r<•. 

"'-an size of family, 

Presence of chtldren 

Total. 

No related children •••• , 

11'1th related children •••••. 

l and 2 children 

J and 4 children .•. 

5 children or ,.ore. 

Mean nt.taber of chlldren. 

N\lllber of earners 

Total. •••. 

No earners. 

1 earner. 

2 earners ....•.•..•.•. 

3 earners or ..,...,, •••••. 

Employment !ltatus nf head 

Total. ••••....••••• 

In civilian labor force •••• 

E:ooployed ••.••. 

Un.,..ployed ..•. 

Percent unemployed,. 

Not In civilian labor force. 

Work eu><:rlence or head 

Total. 

Worked. 

50 to 52 weeks. 

Full ttroe •........•.•.• 

1 to 49 weeks .•. 

Reason for working part 

year: 

Unemployed •. 

Other •.••.........••• 

Did not work. 

Reason tor not working: 

Ill or disabled •. 

Keeping house .•• 

Going to school. ••. 

Unable to find work. 

Other •• 

Head in A Tilled Forces •••• 

Occupation of longest 

job of head 

/lead worked, total.. 

Prof. ,tech.,& kindred wkrs. 

llanagers & administrators, 

exc, farm. 

Clerical '-: sales workers ••• 

Craft & kindred workers •••• 

Operatives. 

Service workers, ••.• 

!.aborers, exc. farm ••. 

Far111 workers, ••.•••• ,. 

l9N 

5,109 

2,015 

1,282 "' 

1,051 

'"' "' "' 40.1 

5,109 

1 ,705 

"' "' '" '" "' '" 3.81 

5,109 

1,234 

3,875 

2,064 

1,246 

''" 2, 63 

5,109 

.1,937 

2,127 

'" '" 

5,109 

2,497 

2,048 

18,0 "' 

2 ,Gil 

5,109 

2,691 

1 ,180 

1 ,Sil '" 

'" 

2,390 '" 

"' m 

,,. 

"' " 

2,691 

" 

'" '" "' "' '" '" .,, 

See footnotea at end of table. 

(''lumbers in thousands, Families as of March of the following year) 

1973 

4,828 

I, 789 

l ,113 '" 

927 

'" '" '" 41.7 

4,828 

1 ,697 

"' "' "' '" '" "' 

3. 79 

4,828 

1 ,308 

3, 520 

1,817 

1,155 

"' 2.69 

4,828 

1 ,841 

2,023 

. "' 197 

~ ,828 

2,252 

1,989 

11.7 "' 

2,576 

4,828 

2,482 

1,049 

1 ,433 "' 

"' 2,330 '" 

1 ,001 "" 

" " 

" 

2,482 

'" 

'" "' "' ''" "' '" '" 

Below low-!nco11e level 

'"' 

5 ,07:> 

1,880 

1,197 '" 

'" "' '" "' 41.9 

5,075 

1,803 

'" '" "' 

.,, "' 

'" 3. 86 

5,075 

1,454 

3,621 

1,818 

1,181 

'" 

2. 78 

5,075 

1,868 

2' 169 

'" '" 

5,075 

2,506 

2,234 

10.9 "' 

2,568 

5,075 

2. 716 

1,188 

1,006 

1 ,529 

"' 2,328 '" 

" "' "' " 

2,716 

'" 

"' "' "' "' "' "' "' 

1971 

5,303 

1,866 

1,146 "' 

%' 

"' 

1 ,062 '" 

43.1 

5,303 

l ,901 

'" '" '"' '" "' '" 3. 85 

5,303 

1,621 

3,682 

1,845 

1,175 

'" 2.81 

5,303 

1 ,907 

2,212 

'" "' 

5,303 

2,581 

2,247 ,,. 

12.9 

2 '722 

5,303 

2,809 

1,309 

1,084 

1 ,soo 

"' 

2,422 '" 

"' '" " "' "' " 

2,809 

'" 

"' '" "' "' "' "' "' 

1970 

5,260 

1,664 

1 ,078 "' 

'" "' 

1,188 '" 

44.9 

5,260 

1 ,970 

'" '" "' , 

"' no 

3. 87 

5,260 

1 '769 

3,491 

1,662 

1,121 

"' 

2. 93 

5,260 

1 ,855 

2,295 

'" "' 

5,260 

2,542 

2,270 

10.1 "' 

2, 720 

5,260 

2,889 

1,311 

1,073 

l ,578 

1,059 "' 

2,316 

"' "' " " '" " 

2,889 

'" 

"' '" '"' '" '" '" '" 

5,005 

1,486 

"' '" '" "' 

1,276 "' 

47.1 

5,005 

1,936 

1,012 

'M 

"' "' "' "' 3,83 

5,005 

1, 779 

3,226 

1 ,514 

1 ,051 

'" 2. 95 

~ ,005 

l ,790 

2,144 

'" "' 

5,005 

2,367 

2,156 

"' 

2,638 '·' 

5,005 

2,711 

1,295 

1,067 

l ,416 

1,062 '" 

2,235 

"' "' " " '" " 

2, 711 

'" 

'" "' 

<OO "' 

"' '" "' 

1959 

8,320 

2,239 

1,617 "' 

1,697 

1,4311 

1,086 

1,860 

46.6 

8,320 

2,850 

1,383 

1,253 

1 ,167 

1,088 

1,257 "' 

4.15 

8,320 

2,877 

5,443 

2,458 

1,854 

1,131 

3.16 

8,320 

1 ,981 

4 ,OJO 

1,659 

,w 

8,320 

5,095 

4,536 

11.0 "' 

3,225 

8,320 

5,620 

3,042 

2,617 

2,578 

t ,202 

1,376 

2,538 

"' "' " " "' "' 

5,620 

uo 

"' '" 

1,064 "' 

"' 

1,810 "' 

1974 

50,603 

14,918 

3,492 

li ,426 

9,802 

10,533 

8,077 

7,2H 

45.6 

50,603 

19,118 

5,870 

11' 166 

10,158 

5,697 

2,593 

1,872 

3,38 

50,603 

23,147 

27,456 

19,691 

6,602 

1 ,163 

2.03 

50,603 

4 ,244 

17,457 

21,154 

7 '749 

50,603 

40,719 

38,371 

2,348 

'-' 

9,885 

50,603 

42,455 

34,421 

33,215 

8,034 

3,674 

4,360 

7,249 

2,047 

'" "' "' 4,014 

"'' 

42,455 

6,443 

6,420 

5,955 

9,274 

7,340 

3,366 

2,128 

1,528 

1973 

50.225 

14,778 

3,582 

11,196 

9,790 

10,553 

8,046 

7,056 

4:;.5 

50,225 

18,895 

5,697 

10,810 

10,048 

5, 766 

2,653 

2,053 

3,41 

50,225 

22,768 

27,457 

19,338 

6,810 

1,309 

2.08 

50,225 

3 ,940 

17,581 

21 ,151 

7,553 

50,225 

"·"'I 39,791 

1 ,082 

'-' 

9,351 

50,225 

42,672 

35,014 

33,995 

7,658 

2,920 

4. 737 

6,648 

1 '796 

'" " 3, 775 " 

"'' 

42.672 

6,272 

6,503 

5,990 

9,393 

7,428 

3,316 

2,078 

1,691 

Above low-income level 

1972 

49,298 

11,255 

3,510 

10.744 

9,767 

10,551 

8,014 

6,712 

45.6 

49,298 

18,129 

5,435 

10,707 

9,806 

5,809 

2,734 

2,116 

3,44 

49,298 

22 ,112 

27,186 

18,882 

6,879 

1,427 

2,12 

49,298 

3,515 

18,116 

20,451 

7,217 

49,298 

40,503 

39,449 

1,054 

'-' 8, 796 

49,298 

42,271 

34,348 

33,323 

7,922 

3,323 

4,600 

6,204 

1 ,574 

'" '" 

3,545 " 

'" 

42,271 

6,071 

6,269 

6,068 

9,199 

7,644 

3,235 

2,054 

1, 731 

1971 

47,993 

13,462 

3,271 

10,189 

9,661 

10,496 

7,957 

6,416 

45.8 

47.993 

16,961 

5,155 

10,357 

9,734 

5,798 

2,922 

2,222 

3.50 

4')',993 

20,950 

27,043 

18,415 

7,127 

1,500 

2.15 

47,993 

3 ,193 

17,892 

19,689 

7,218 

47 '993 

3\1,754 

38,529 

1 ,225 

'-' 

8,239 

47 '993 

41,359 

33,184 

32,103 

8,175 

J, 721 

4,453 

5,686 

1,423 

'" " 3,280 

"' 

41,359 

5,997 

5,972 

6,073 

8,991 

7,512 

3,136 

2,078 

1,602 

1970 

46,859 

12,no 

3,187 

9,534 

9,938 

10,315 

7,855 

6,030 

45.7 

46,859 

16,397 

4,785 

9,895 

9,176 

5,967 

2,994 

2,430 

J. 55 

46,859 

20,280 

26,579 

17,644 

7,264 

l ,668 

2.20 

46' 859 

2,859 

17,030 

19,684 

7,286 

46,859 

39,190 

37,838 

1 ,352 

'-' 

7,667 

46,859 

40,693 

32,711 

31,674 

7,982 

3,442 

4,540 

5,218 

1,313 

'" " 2,966 " 

"' 

40,693 

5,888 

6,542 

5,679 

8,496 

7,299 

3,225 

2,057 

1,508 

46,581 

12 '720 

3,035 

9,685 

10,123 

10,113 

7,695 

5,932 

45.4 

46,581 

15,899 

4,603 

9,938 

9,272 

5,923 

3,098 

2,452 

3. 56 

46,581 

19,812 

26,769 

17,589 

7,411 

1, 768 

2.21 

46,581 

2,615 

l7 ,201 

19,453 

7,311 

46,581 

39,333 

38,370 

"' 

7,247 '·' 

48' 581 

40,645 

33,495 

32,571 

7,150 

2,468 

4,682 

4,981 

1,188 

"' " 2,852 " 

'" 

40,645 

5,935 

6,399 

5, 783 

8,690 

7,854 

2,588 

1,823 

1,574 

19:>9 

36.731 

9,245 

1,689 

7,556 

9,257 

8' 150 

5, 748 

4,334 

44.9 

36,734 

11,654 

3,033 

8,500 

7,999 

4,868 

2,213 

1 ,500 

3. 57 

36.731 

15,185 

21,549 

14,831 

5, 715. 

l ,003 

2.17 

36 '734 

1 ,368 

17,501 

13,941 

3,922 

36,734 

32,050 

30,951 

1 ,099 

4,684 '·' 

36,734 

32.767 

25,760 

25,078 

7,004 

3,024 

3,980 

3,080 

"' '00 

" 1,495 " 

'" 

32' 767 

3,963 

5,067 

4,675 

7,213 

6,463 

2,162 

1,683 

1,540 
•... : 

Table 4. selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974--Continued 

Selected 

characteristics 

White 

A!e of head 

Total.. 

Under 35 years.,,,, .•. 

. Under 25 years •••• , •••. 

25 to 34 years ••••••. • • •• 

3:; to 44 years .••••.. 

45 to 54 years •. 

5:; to 64 years .•. 

65 years and over: •.• 

lladlan o.ge •••. 

Size of f!lllltly 

Total •. 

2 persons •.•••.•••••. , ••••• 

Head 65 years and over ••. 

3 persons •••.••••••• , .••••• 

4 persons •• ,., •• ,., •••••• ,. 

5 persons •••... ,., •.•.•••.• 

6 persons., •.••. , •• , •••• , •• 

7 persons or more,, , .•• , , , , 

Mean she of fa~~~ily •••••• 

Presence or children 

Total •••• : ••••••••••. 

No reio.ted children .••••••• 

With related children •••••• 

1 and 2 children ....... .. 

3 &nd 4 children ..... ., .. 

5 children ~r 1110re• • • • • • • 

Mean nuaber of children,. 

Number of earnera 

Toto.l. ••• · •• , ••••••••• 

No earners ••••..••••••••••• 

1 earner ••••••••.•••••••.•• 

2 earners •• , ••...• , •••••.•• 

3 earners or 1110re ........ .. 

EmploYl"ent atatus ot head 

TotaL .............. . 

In Civil tan labor force., •• 

Employed •••.••••••• • •- ••• 

Unemployed •••••• , ••.••••• 

Percent unemployed •••• , 

Not in civil tan labor force. 

Work experience of head 

Total ••••.. , ••••••.•• 

Worked .••••••••••• • • • • • • • • • 

50 to 52 weeka ••••••••••• 

Full tille •.. 

I to 4.9 weeks .. , ••• , •• , , . 

Reason tor working part 

year: 

Unemployed ••••••••••• 

other •••••.•••••••••• 

Did not work ••• , ••• , •••• , •• 

Reason tor not working: 

Ill or disabled ........ 

Keeping houae ••.•••. , •• 

Going to school. .••• , • , 

Unable to find work •• ,. 

Other •.•. , •••••.•• ,, ••• 

Head in Armed Forces., •• , •• 

Occupation of longest 

job of head 

Head .,orked, total. •• 

Prof., tech., &kindred wkrs •• 

Mano.gers & sdlltntBtrators, 

exc. (&I'll! ............... .. 

Cl!'rtcal & salea workers ••• 

Craft & kindred workers., •• 

Opera. Uvea ....••••••••• •• •• 

Servtce .,orkers, , , , , • , •• , , , 

Laborers, exc. fal"'ll. ••••••• , 

Farm .,orkera •••.. 

1974 

3 ,48'2 

1 ,341 

'"' '"' "' "' "" '" 40.9 

3 ,48'2 

1 ,315 

<n 

,., 

"' "' "' "' 3-59 

3 ,48'2 

1,015 

2,467 

1,383 ,., 

"' 

2.51 

3,482 

1,288 

1 ,470 

"" "' 

3,482 

1,813 

1,508 

16.8 "'' 1,669 

3,482 

1,935 

'" ,., 

1,040 

"' 

1,S24 '" 

" "' " 

1,935 

" 

"' '" "' "' "' "' "' See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands, F...,Uies "" of March of the tollooring year) 

3,219 

1,152 

"' .,, 

"' '" "' '" 42.8 

3,219 

1 ,265 

'"' '" '" 

'~ 

'"' '" 3. 55 

3,219 

1,042 

2,177 

1,241 

"' "' 2-51 

3,219 

1 ,227 

1,355 

"' "' 

3,219 

1 ,567 

1,411 

10.0 "' 1,652 

3,219 

1,712 

"' "'' "' 

"' 1,495 '"' 

"' "' " " "' " 

1,712 

" 

"' "' '" "' "' "' "' 

Bel,. loor-tnccae level 

3,441 

1,213 

"' "" "' '" "' "' 43.6 

3,441 

1 ,4.00 

, '" .. 

'" "' '" '"' 3.57 

3,441 

1,203 

2,238 

1,242 

'" '" 2.58 

3,441 

1 ,241 

1,501 

'" '"' 

3 ,44.1 

1. 769 

1,606 

'" 

1,672 '·' 

3 ,44.1 

1 ,921 

'" 1,068 '"' 

'"' 1,497 '" 

"' "' " " '" " 

1 ,921 ., 

"' '" '"' "' "' "" "' 

1971 

3, 751 

1,275 

'"' "" "' "' 

·~ '" 44..5 

3 '751 

1,501 

'"' '" "' "' "' '" 3.62 

3,751 

1,379 

2,372 

1,257 

"' "' 

2.67 

3,751 

1,347 

1,619 

"" '" 

3 '751 

1 ,857 

1 ,631 

,,. 

12.2 

'·"' 

3 '751 

'·""' '" 

1,047 

'"' 1 ,683 "' 

"" '" "' " '" " 

'·""' " 

'"' '" "' '" "' "' "' 

3. 708 

1,152 

"" "' "' "' '"' '" 45.9 

3 '708 

1,5114 

""' "' '" m 

'" •oo 

3. 59 

3 '708 

1,489 

2,219 

1,134 

'"' "" 2. 77 

3 '708 

1,351 

1 ,638 

"' "' 

3. 708 

1,822 

1 ,637 

10.2 "' 

1 ,886 

3. 708 

2,028 ,., 

1,065 "'' 

"' 

1,636 "' 

. 578 

"' " " "' " 

2,028 

"' 

"' "' "" "' "' "'' "' 

1969 

3,574 

1,003 

"' '" 

... "' 

1,036 "' 

49.1 

3,574 

1,562 

"" ~ 

"' "' '" '"' 3.53 

3,574 

1,485 

2,089 

1,085 

"' "" 

'· TI 

3 ,574. 

1 ,363 

1,566 

'" "' 

3,574 

1 ,666 

1,~9 

"' 

1,908 '·' 

3,574 

1,869 

"'' "' '" 

'" 

1,652 '" 

, .. 

"' "' "' "' " 

1,869 

" 

"" '"' '" '"' '" "' "' 

1959 

6,185 

1,566 

1,106 "" 1,213 

1,026 

1,54.0 "" 

48.1 

6,185 

2,318 

1 ,229 

"' '" 

.., '" 

"' 3,95 

6,185 

2,373 

3,812 

1 ,836 

1 ,291 

"' 

2.99 

6,185 

1,574. 

3,139 

1,106 

"' 

6,185 

3,735 

3,359 

10.1 '" 

2,450 

6,185 

4 ,O'Tl 

2,261 

1,9~ 

1,810 

'" 1,962 "'" 

"' '"' ' " '" "' 

4,0?1 

•oo 

"' "' '" "' '"' 1,351 "' 

1974 

45,969 

13,398 

3,104 

10,296 

8,752 

9,606 

7,458 

6, 752 

4.5.9 

45,969 

17,705 

5,557 

10,027 

9,267 

5,176 

2,266 

1,528 

3.34 

45,969 

21 ,536 

24,433 

17,627 

5,877 

'" 2.01 

45,969 

3,929 

15,899 

19,112 

7,029 

45,969 

37,048 

35,040 

2,008 

8,920 '·' 

45,969 

38,615 

31,471 

30,4.02 

7 ,14.3 

3,222 

3,922 

6,564. 

1 '781 

... 

"' 3. 779 " 

"" 

38,615 

. 6,030 

6,199 

5,479 

8,698 

6,4.03 

2,664 

1,699 

I ,443 

"'' 

45,701 

13,256 

3 ,234 

10,021 

8,817 

9,674 

7 ,4.30 

6,525 

45-8 

45.701 

17,511 

5,381 

9, 720 

9,193 

5,261 

2,344 

1,671 

3.37 

45,701 

21,183 

24,518 

17,406 

6,047 

1 ,064. 

2,07 

4.5,701 

3,659 

16,081 

19,129 

6,831 

4.5, 701 

37,280 

36,355 

'" 

8,420 '·' 

45 ,'ro1 

38,915 

32 ,094 

31,194 

6,821 

2,564 

4,257 

5,997 

1,526 

"' "" 3,550 " 

"'" 

38,915 

...... 

6,298 

5,469 

8,1141 

6,454 

2,637 

1,712 

1,615 

Above low-inC<>IIB level 

•on 

45,036 

12,881 

3,141 

9 '74.0 

8,839 

9,657 

7,436 

6,224. 

4.5.8 

45,036 

16 ,687 

5,107 

9,785 

9,071 

5,296 

2 ,4.48 

1 '750 

3.41 

45,036 

20,510 

24,526 

17,157 

6,190 

1,179 

2.10 

45,036 

3,273 

16,657 

18,499 

6,607 

45,038 

37,048 

36,120 

'" 

7,988 '"' 

4.5,038 

38,660 

31,533 

30,610 

7,127 

2,965 

4,162 

5,615 

1,353 

'" " 3,337 "' 

'" 

38,660 

5,697 

6,087 

5,589 

8,733 

6. 714 

2,554 

1 ,634 

1 ,652 

"" 

43,890 

12,206 

2 ,958 

9,248 

8,773 

9,569 

7,392 

5,952 

46.0 

43,890 

15,735 

4,851 

9 ,4.53 

8,952 

5,348 

2,572 

1 ,830 

3.45 

43,890 

19,517 

24,373 

16,720 

6,440 

1,213 

2.12 

"'·"" 2,990 

16,519 

17,829 

6,552 

43,890 

36,400 

35,322 

1,078 

7,489 '·" 

43,890 

37,842 

30,532 

29,567 

7,311 

3,338 

3,973 

5,165 

1,214 

"'' " 3,103 " 

"' 

37,842 

5,679 

5. 796 

5,597 

8,501 

6,622 

2,483 

1 ,636 

1,527 

4.2,888 

11 ,565 

2,918 

8,64.7 

9,010 

9,449 

7,252 

5,611 

45.9 

42,868 

15,151 

4.,520 

9,067 

8,4.97 

5,482 

2,679 

2 ,011 

3.51 

42,888 

18,851 

24,037 

16,080 

6,573 

1,383 

2.18 

4.2,888 

2,708 

15,818 

17,749 

8,813 

42,888 

35,883 

34,688 

1,195 

'·' '·""' 

42,888 

37,230 

30,059 

29,127 

7,170 

3,104 

'·""' '."" 

1,134 

'" " 2,828 " 

""' 

37,230 

5,607 

6,363 

5,238 

8,053 

6,362 

1,611 '·"" 

I ,429 

"" 

42,687 

11,489 

2,724 

8,766 

9,247 

9,310 

7,075 

5,568 

4~. 7 

42,687 

14,761 

4,387 

9,076 

8,613 

S,4.58 

2,766 

2,015 

3.52 

42,687 

18,469 

24,218 

16,051 

'."" 1,458 

2.18 

42,687 

2,4.91 

16,060 

17,539 

6,599 

42,687 

36,046 

35,186 

""' 6,842 '·' 

42,687 

37,227 

30,819 

29,987 

'·""' 

2,200 

4,208 

4,58:1 

1,034 

"' " " ''"" '" 

37,227 

5,677 

6,226 

5,373 

8,198 

6,861 

2,015 

1,384 

1 ,495 

25 

1959 

34,635 

8,688 

1 ,587 

7,102 

8,656 

7,652 

5,436 

4,203 

4.5,0 

34,635 

10,950 

2,952 

8,054 

7,619 

4,624. 

2,086 

1,301 

3.56 

34,635 

14,301 

20,334 

14,001 

5,484 

"" 2.16 

34,635 

1,324 

16,696 

12,999 

3,615 

34,635 

30,129 

29,165 

... 

'·' '·""' 

34,635 

30,896 

24,465 

23,835 

6,431 

2,740 

3,690 

2,898 

"" "' " 1,391 " 

... 

30,896 

3,844 

5,008 

4,505 

6,998 

5,896 

1,761 

1,364 

1,!118 
26 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974--Continued 

Selected 

characteristics 

Age of head 

Total. 

Under 35 years. 

Under 25 years, 

25 to 34 years ..... 

35 to 44 years, , . 

45 to 54 years ....... . 

55 to 64 years .. 

65 years and over. 

lledian age. 

Size of family 

Total •.••••.••••••••• 

2 persons •••.••••••••••• 

Head 65 years and over., . 

3 person11 ••••..•••••••••••. 

4 persona ••••• , •••••••••••. 

5 persons ........•.•..... 

6 persona.,.,, ... ,., .. . 

7 persons or 10ore .... , .... . 

llean sh;e of faaolly •••••••• 

Preslltt\e<:t of chUdren 

Total .......••..... 

Ho Nlated children .•..... , 

With related children ..... . 

1 and 2 children .•..•..•. 

3 and 4 cJtUdren .•..•.... 

5 children or .., ..... , , , .• 

1118.,. nUIIber of children .• 

Nuaber of earners 

Total ...•.••.•....•.. 

No earners .•.•... ,,, .•....• 

1 earner .•.•..•.•.••...•..• 

2 earners ....•....• , •...... 

3 earners or 110re •.••... , •. 

Total ......•....• , ... 

In clvlllan tabor force .. 

Ellployed .... , .•..... ,., .• 

Une.ployed .. , .•.•• ,,, •... 

Percent unemployed ...•. 

Not in ctvUI.,. lsbor force. 

Total. ... , ..•........ 

Worlrad .•••.•.•. ,, .•.... ,, ., 

50 to 53 weel<a ••••••••• 

Full tt .............. .. 

1 to 49 weeks •••••••••• ,, 

Rea1t0n for sorktnc part 

year: 

UnOIIJiloyed ....•..• ,,. 

Other ....... , .•..•.•. 

Did not work, .•....•.... , .. 

Reason tor not working: 

Ill or disabled ....... . 

beplq house ...•..•... 

Going to school ... , . , , . 

Unable to Und work.,., 

Other ...•.•....•..... ,. 

!lead tn ~d Forces., .•..• 

OccupoUnn nf long .. st 

Job of head 

Heed worked, total. .. 

P:rot. , tech., & kindred wkra .. 

Managers & sd::al.inhtrstora, 

exc. fara ....•.•.•.•..•... 

Clerical & sales workers. , , 

Craft & kindred workers. , , . 

Operatives, ..•.•..• ,, .•.... 

S.rvice workers •.. , , •. , .•. , 

~borers,· el<C. fsra., .•.... 

F .... workers ..... ,, ..•..... 

1974 

1,530 

'" ,, 

'" 

'~ '" '" "' 

1 ,530 

'n 

'" '" '" '" '" 4.25 

1 ,530 

1 ,332 '" 

,., 

"' "' 2.87 

1,530 

'" "' '" ..

1,530 

~· "" 

21.4 '" 

'" 

1,530 

"' "' "' ,., 

"' "'' '" 

"' "' ., 

" " ' 

"' " 

• n 

" "' "' " " See footnotes at end of table. 

('lumbers in thousands. Faro1lias as of lblrch of the foll.,..tng ' year) 

1973 

1 ,527 

'" '" "' "' '" "' '" 311.9 

1 ,527 

.,, 

'" '" '" 

'w '" 

4.30 "' 

1 ,527 

1 ,280 "' 

"" '" "' 2-99 

1 ,527 

'" '" '" " 

1 ,527 

... 

'" io4 

16.1 

.., 

1,527 

n• 

"' "' "' 

"' "' ,, 

"' "' " " " • 

n• 

" 

" " " "' "' " , 

Bel""' tow-tnconoc level 

'"' 

1 ,529 

'" ,, 

"' "' '" "' '" 39.8 

1 ,529 

"' 

,, " 

,, 

'" '" "' 4.47 

1,529 

1,303 '" 

"' "' "' '·"' 

1 ,529 

·~ "' ,, 

" 

1 ,529 

"' "' 

14.8 '" 

"' 

1.529 

'" "' "' "' 

'" '" ,., 

'" "' ,. 

" '" ' 

'" " 

" " 

'n " 

"' " " 

1971 

1 ,484 

564 

"' 

'~ '" "' w 

"' 40.6 

1 ,484 

'" '" "' "' '" "' '" 

4.40 

1 ,484 

,,. 

1 ,260 

"' "' "' 

'·"' 

1 ,484 

'" "' "' '" 

1,484 

"' "' 

15.2 '"' 

.,, 

1 ,484 

"' "' '" "' 

'" "' "' 

'" "" 

.. " 

" ' 

'" " 

" " " "' "' " "" 

1,481 

496 

,., 

351 

"' "' 

,, '" 

43.2 

1,481 

"' "' '" ,,. 

'" '" "' 4.51 

1,481 

1,212 "' 

'" "' "' 3.24 

1,481 

'" '" '" '" 

1 ,481 

"" '"' 

12.5 " 

"' 

1 ,481 

'" "' '" '"' 

'" "' "' 

"' "' " " " ' 

'" " 

" " " "' "' '" "" 

1969 

1 ,365 

"' 

312 '" 

,, 

"" "' "' 42.9 

1,3651 

,, 

"' 

'~ 

'~ 

'" '" "' 4.58 

1 ,365 

'" 1,095 

'" "' '" 3.36 

1,365 

"' "' "" "' 

1,365 

•n 

"' 

11.6 " 

"' 

1 ,365 

'"' '" '" "' 

"' "' "' 

'"' "' "' " " ' 

" " " "' "' "' "' 

1959 

{NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

()fA) 

(!fA.) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NAl 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

"'" (NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(MAl 

(MAl 

(NAl 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NAI 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(liA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(l'IAl 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

) Above low-income level 

1974 ';i973 

3,968 

1 ,317 

'" '" "" "' "' '" 42.8 

3,968 

1,246 

'" "' m 

"' "' '" 3. 76 

3,968 

1,381 

2,587 

1, 726 

'" '" 

2.1~ 

3,968 

1 ,313 "' 

1 '766 

"' 

3,968 

3 ,125 

2,811 

10.0 '" 

'" 

3,968 

3,281 

2,486 

2,362 

'" 

"' '" '"' 

1·3,913 

,,1 ,306 

"'' "' '" '" "' 

'42.9 "' 

'3',913 

1 ,221 

'"' 

._692 '" . ;,. ::! . { 355 

3. 77 

• 3_;913 

·. 1,362 

2,551 

1 ,648 

"' "' 

2.19 

3,913 

1,282 '" 

1 '748 

~' 

3,913 

3 ,098 

2,957 

... "'

"" 

' ... 3,913 

.. 3,250 

2,512 

2,407 

'" 

'" "' "' 

'"' 

• 1972 

3 '736 

1,201 

'" '" '"' '"' "' "" 43.3 

3 '736 

1,272 

'" "' '" '" "' "' '·" 

3. 736 

1,389 

2,348 

1,504 

'" '" 2.30 

3 '736 

1,247 "'' 1. 771 

"" 

3. 736 

3 ,037 

2,916 

"' '·' ""' 

3. 736 

3,177 

2 ;457 

2,368 

., 721 

·398 '" 

• 509 

"' "' "' 113 ·_ "" "' , 

"'' " 

3,281 

"' 

138 

"' "' "' '" '" " 

• " '" "' 

3 ,250 

"' 

"' "' "' "' '"' ,., ': '; ~:4 

"' '" " 

3 ,177 

'" 

"' "' '" 

-618 '"' 

'" ., 

1971 

3 ,673 

1,131 

"' "' 793 

"' "' "' 

43.9 

3 ,673 

1,105 

"' '" '" '" "' "' 3.91 

3,673 

1 ,273 

2,400 

1,513 

"' "' 2.32 

3,673 

1 ,217 "' 

1 ,669 

"' 

3 ,673' 

2 ,983 

2,851 

... "' 

"' 

3,673 

3,129 

2,351 

2,247 

"' 

'" '" "' 

"' "' "' ' "' " 

3 ,129 

"' ,,. 

'" ., 

'" "' '"' " 

1970 

3,546 

I ,049 

"' '" '" "' "' '" 43.7 

3,546 

1 ,142 

"' '" "' '" "' '" 

'·" 

3,546 

1,288 

2,258 

1,375 

'" '"' 2.45 

3,546 

1,064 "' 

1 '766 

'"' 

3,546 

2,941 

'·"" "' '·' '"' 

3,548 

3,092 

2,358 

2,271 

'" 

'" "' "' 

'" " • ' "' 

3 ,092 

'" 

"" '" '" '" "' '" "' 

1969 

3 .~22 . 

1 ,120 

"' '"' 

~' 

n' 

"' '" 43.0 

3,522 

'·""' "" '"' "' "'' "' '" '·" 

3,522 

1 ,231 

2,291 

1 ,376 

,, 

>M 

2.45 

3 ,522 

1,031 "' 

1, 744 

'" 

3,522 

2,990 

2,898 

" '·' "' 

3 ,52'2 

3,102 

2,414 

2,335 

"' 

"" ., 

"' 

"" " ' • "" " 

3,102 

"' 

"' '" "' "' "' "' " 

1959 

(SAl 

(NAJ 

(S,\l 

(NA) 

(SA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(SA) 

(NAl 

{MAl 

(MAl 

fNAl 

fNAl 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NAl 

tNAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NAl 

(NAl 

CNAl 

(!fA) 

(NAl 

(!fA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

{MAl 

{NAl 

(NA) 

(MA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

{NAl 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

(SA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

... 
Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974-Continued 

Selected 

charac terlstics 

Famili<'~ with Male Bead 

Age of head 

TotaL,. 

Under 35 years, 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 y<Oars., 

55 to 64 years., ... , 

65 years and over. , . 

Median age.,, •. 

S!o:e of !amtlr 

Total.,. 

2 persons .•.•• 

Head 65 yearB and over, 

3 persons ••.• , 

4 peraona ..••.•• 

5 persons. 

6 persons. 

7 persons or 1110re ••• 

Mean size of fa~~~ily. 

Presence ot cllild.-..n 

TotaL., 

No related children .... 

WI tb rei a ted children •••••• 

1 and 2 children ..... . 

3 and 4 children,., .. 

5 children or 110re •• ,, .•• 

llean nUDber of children,. 

Total, .. ,., 

No earners .... ,.,, .•... 

1 earner,,,,,,,,.,.,,.,,,,, 

2 earners ............... , .. 

3 earners or 1110re, •••••• , •• 

Eap~onent status of head 

Total.,., .••. 

In civtUan labor force •••• 

Employed ••• 

Une:t~tployed ••••. 

Percent unemployed ••••• 

Not 111 civilian labor force, 

'll"ork experie11ce of head 

Total ••••.•.. 

Worked. 

50 to 52 weeks ••. 

Full time ••. 

1 to 49 weeks.", •••••. 

Reason for working part 

year: 

UM!flployed .•••.•••••• 

Other ..•••..•.••••••• 

Dtd not -..ork .•• 

Reaso11 for not worki11g: 1 Ill or disabled ••••••• ; 

Going to school, •••.•.• 

Unable to tind ..,rk •••• 

Other •••••. 

Head ill Anaed Forces ••. 

Occupation of longest 

job or ilead 

Head worked, total, •• 

Prof., tech.,& kindred qra •• 

Managers & administrator&, 

exc. farm ••••••••••••••••• 

Clerical & sales workers .•• 

Craft & kindred workers .••• 

Operati vea ••••• 

Service workers ••.•••. 

I.aborera, exc. fano •••••• 

Fana workers •. 

,~. 

2 '757 

'" "' "' "' "' "' "' 46.7 

2, 757 

"' "' "' "' "' ,., 

'" 3. 95 

2, 757 

1,041 

1, 716 

,, 

"' 

'~ 

'-~ 

2, 7:17 

1,174 "' 

'" "' 

2. 757 

1 ,6:16 

1,416 

'" 14.5 

1,101 

2. 757 

1, 745 

... 

"' '" 

... 

'" '" 

"' " 

"' 

1, 74:1 

" 

"' " "' "' '" "' "' See footnotes at end of table. 

(Nwabers in thousands Families as of "'arch of the following year!~ 

1973 

2,635 

'" "' "' 

., '" 

"' '" 49.5 

2,635 

1,023 

... 

"' '" '" "' "' '·" 

2,635 

1,102 

1,533 

'" "' 

'~ 

2. 79 

2,635 

1,164 "" 

"' "' 

2,635 

1,5J2 

1,385 

'" ...1,103 

2,635 

1,629 

"' '" "" 

"' "' "" 

"' " 

'" " 

1,629 

" 

"' <OO 

"' "' '" "' "' 

Below low-income level 

1972 

2,917 

'" '" "' '" "' .... 

"' 48.3 

2,917 

1,131 

"' "' '" "' "' "' 3. 93 

2,917 

1,221 

1,696 

'~ 

"' '" 

2. 94 

2,917 

1,326 '"' 

"' "' 

2,917 

1, 773 

1,632 

"' 

t ,143 '·" 

2,917 

1,894 

'" "' '" 

"' "' '" 

"" " " 

" 

1,894 

" 

<00 

"" 

, "' ... 

"' "' "' 

"" 

3,203 

"' '" "" "' 

.... "' 

'" 49.0 

3,203 

1,246 

"' '" "' '" "' '"" '·" 

3,203 

1 ,351 

1,852 

"" '" '"" 2,97 

3,203 

"' 1,428 

"' '" 

3,203 

1,908 

1,708 

10,5 '"" 1,295 

3,203 

2,013 

1,080 

'" '" 

... 

1,118 '"' 

,, 

, 

'" ''" " 

2,013 

" 

"' "' '" "' "' "' "' 

1970 

3,309 

"' "' '"' "' "' '" '"" 51.8 

3,309 

1,371 

... "' 

'" ''" '" "' 3. 88 

3,309 

1,496 

1,813 

""' 

·~ "' 

3.06 

3,309 

m 1,484 

"' "' 

3,309 

1,872 

1, 709 

'" 

1,437 

3,309 

2,042 

1,075 ,,. 

"' 

"' 

1,211 "" 

'" " " '" " 

2,042 

" 

"' .. 

'" '" "' "' "" 

"'' 

3,179 

"' "' 

... "' 

<00 "' 

1 ,010 

~-' 

3,179 

1,351 

"' "' "' '% 

... '" 

3.87 

3,179 

1,473 

1,706 

"' '" '" 3.08 

3,179 

1,399 "' 

'" '"' 

3,179 

1, 756 

1,630 

"' 

1,424 

3,179 

1,933 

1,063 

'" "'" 

'"' 

1,168 '"' 

"' , 

" "' " 

1,933 

" 

'" " '" "' "' "' 521· 

1959 

6,404 

1,658 

1 ,185 "' 

1 ,221 

1,076 

"' 1,536 

48.0 

6,404 

2,133 

1,150 

"" "' '" 

1,102 '" 

4.30 

6,404 

2,486 

3,918 

1,613 

1,387 

'" 3.33 

6,404 

1 ,127 

3,286 

1,430 

'" 

6,404 

4,433 

3,949 

... 

10.9 

1,971 

6,404 

4. 798 

2,740 

2,409 

2,058 

1,109 

1,444 "' 

•oo 

' 

"' "' 

4 '798 

00 

'" "' '" '" "' 

1,717 "' 

1974 

45.713 

13.793 

3,195 

10,597 

8,820 

9,482 

7,311 

6,309 

45.3 

45,713 

16,642 

5,180 

9,866 

9,576 

5,419 

2,442 

l '769 

3.42 

45,713 

21,020 

24,693 

17 ,5~2 

6,067 

1,073 

2.05 

45,713 

3,650 

15,100 

19,765 

7,197 

4:1,713 

37,628 

35,461 

2,165 

8,088 '·' 

45,713 

39,075 

31,999 

31,051 

7,076 

3,371 

3, 706 

5, 737 

1 '717 

" 3,836 " 

000 

39,075 

5,990 

6,238 

4,615 

9,215 

6,850 

2,581 

2 ,088 

1,496 

1973 

45,614 

13,785 

3,367 

10,418 

8,865 

9,558 

1 ,295 

6,112 

45.2 

1972 

44,1149 

13 ,3211 

3,300 

10,028 

8,923 

9,594 

7 ,270 

5. 735 

45.2 

45.614 A4,849 

16,512 ts;so5 

4,994 4,713 

9,651 ',9,599 

9,465 ' '~.278 

5,493 .5,539 

2,536 2,613 

1,956 2,018 

3.45 3.49 

45,614 < 44,849 

20.767 20 ,0:18 

24,847 24;792 

17,267 17,040 

6,358 '6,409 

1 ,221 ·• 1,343 

2.11 2:14 

45,614 

3,337 

15,405 

19,839 

7,033 

45,614 

37.913 

36,952 

'" 

7 '700 

45,614 

39,492 

32 '763 

31,987 

6, 730 

2,656 

4,073 

5,216 

1,482 

" 3,582 

"' 

39,492 

5,844 

6,344 

4,814 

9,320 

6,944 

2,523 

2 ,043 

1,660 

'.'I 

'~~ 

44,849 

2,945 

15,988 

19,1:13 

6, 764 

44,849 

37,726 

36,778 

.... 

7,125 '·' 

.• 44 ,849 

39,269 

32,209 

31,398 

. 7,060 

3,073 

3,986 

4. 756 

3,318 

"' 

39,269 

5,6~4 

6,106 

4,940 

9,H>O 

7,194 

2,497 

2,030 

_1,690 

. .. ~ 

. ' 

43,902 

12 ,675 

3,069 

9,606 

8,824 

9,536 

7 ,233 

5,fi33 

45.5 

43.902 

14,959 

4,581 

9,227 

9,244 

5,551 

2. 792 

2,127 

3,54 

,43,902 

19,106 

24 '796 

• 16,689 

6,691 

1 ·~13 

2:17 

•:43,902 

2, 733 

\15,989 

18;437 

6:744 

. 43,902 

37,138 

36,004 

1,134 

'-' 6, 765 

43,902 

38,513 

31,157 

30,290 

7,355 

3,497 

3,859 

4,441 

1,208 

" 3,103 " 

"" 

38,513 

. 5,630 

. 5,802 

4,935 

8,957 

'7 ,075 

2,495 

\ 2 ,063 

1,555 

1970 

42,610 

12 ,003 

3,002 

9,002 

9,127 

9,346 

7,133 

5,200 

4~.3 

42,810 

14,322 

4,184 

8,904 

8,684 

5,698 

2,883 

2,318 

3.60 

42.810 

18,389 

24,421 

15,993 

6,852 

1,577 

2.23 

42,810 

2,406 

15,181 

18,406 

6,817 

42,810 

36,622 

35,392 

1,230 

6,188 '·' 

42,810 

37,898 

30,763 

29,917 

7,135 

3,201 

3,933 

3,965 

1,067 

" 2,812 

"' 

37.898 

5,533 

6,372 

4,621 

8,463 

6,827 

2,579 

2,032 

1,471 

1969 

42,816 

12.107 

2,865 

9,243 

9,429 

9,259 

6,952 

5,067 

44.9 

42.816 

13,952 

3,997 

8,986 

8,808 

5, 705 

3,003 

2,361 

3.61 

42' 816 

17,911 

24,905 

16,167 

7,052 

1,686 

2.24 

42.816 

2,231 

15,475 

18,245 

6,863 

42,816 

37,001 

36,118 

'" '-' 

5,813 

42,816 

38,113 

31,735 

30,991 

6,378 

2,322 

4 ,056 

3, 747 

"' " 2,696 " 

"' 

38,113 

5,648 

6,238 

4,828 

8,655 

7,374 

2,024 

1,804 

1,541 

27 

1959 

34,157 

9,031 

I ,673 

7,358 

8, 793 

7,515 

5,188 

3,630 

44,2 

34,157 

10,252 

2,600 

7,803 

7 '718 

4. 773 

2,143 

1,468 

3,63 

34,157 

13 ,627 

20,530 

13,935 

5,599 

. .. 2. 20 

34 ,157 

l ,159 

16,257 

13,091 

3,650 

34,157 

30,468 

29,431 

1,037 

3,688 '·' 

34,157 

31,114 

24,610 

24 ,032 

6,503 

2,903 

3,600 

2,157 

"' " 1,470 " 

... 

31,114 

3, 736 

4,943 

4,107 

7,194 

6,172 

1 '765 

1,676 

1,520 
28 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974---Continued 

(Numbers in et1ousands. falllilies as of Marclt of the following year) 

Selected 

cl>aracteristics 

Families ~·lth female Head 

Age of head 

Total. 

Under 35 yeara. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years 

35 to 44 years .. 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 64 years ... 

65 years and 

~1edhn age. 

St~e of family 

Total ... . 

2 persons.,., .... , .... , .. 

Head 65 years and over, 

persons ••• , 

persons., .... ,. 

persons. 

persons .• , 

7 persons or more.,,,,. 

Uean siZe of U.111Uy •. 

Presenc" of children . 

Total .. ,. 

Mo related ci!.Udren ••.. 

With related children. 

1 and 2 children .. 

3 and 4 chlld>'"en •• 

5 children or fll<>rn, ••••• 

Mean nwober of clltldren,. 

Nu.ber of earner& 

Total ..... 

No earners .... , .. 

1 earner ••. 

2 earners ••.•.. 

3 earners or -..re .••.• 

E.,ploY""'nt status or head 

Total .••.••••••••••. 

In civilian labor force ••. 

E10ployed •••. , , ••• ,, , ••• , , 

Une•ployed .••••• , •••••. 

Percent une•ployed •• 

Not in civilian labor force. 

Work e-xperience of head 

Total, 

Worked •• ,. 

50 to 52 weeks • , 

Full thoe •.•• , 

1 to 49 weeks .•••. 

Reason tor working part 

year: 

unemployed .•.• , •• 

Other ..•••. 

Did not work. 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Keeping house .• 

Going to school. 

Unabl" to find work. 

Other, •. 

Occupation of longest 

job of head 

Head worked, total. 

Prof., tech.,& kindred •krs •• 

Managers & adodnistrators, 

e~c. far10. 

Clerical & sales workers. 

Craft ic kindred workers. 

Operatives. 

Servtc'e ~-orkers. 

Laborers, exc. farm .•.•• 

Farm workers ••.• 

~~~~~~-~ •• ~'="~'~:~_low-income l"vel 

1974 1972 1 1971 

2,351 

1,230 

"' "' '" 284. 

'" '" 

34 .3 

2,351 

"' " "' "' "' '" "" 3.64. 

2,351 

2,158 '" 

1,231 

'" "' 

2.50 

2,351 

1,172 

'" '" " 

2,351 

"' '" 

24.9 '" 1,510 

2,351 

'" "' "' '" 

1973 

2,193 

1,098 

"' "'' "' "' "" "' 35.0 

2,193 

"' "' '"' "' '" "' "' 

3. 73 

2,193 

1,987 "' 

1,061 

'" "' 2.60 

2,193 

1,081 

"' "' 

2,193 

"' "' 

16.1 "' 1,4.73 

2,193 

"' '" "' "' 196 137 

454 486 

1,405 1,340 

263 229 

973 1,001 

53 38 

" 34. I 29 " 

"' " 

" '" ' '" "' ' , 

"' " 

" "' "' ' " 

I 2,1581 

.l,:E I 

"' "' "' '" 

35.2 

2,158 

"' "' "' '" '" '" '" 3. 76 

2,158 

1,925 "' 

1,026 

'" "' 2.65 

2,158 

1,066 

'" '" " 

2,158 

"' '" 

17.9 "' 1,425 

2,158 

'" "' "' "' 

'" 

1,336 "" 

'" '" " " " 

'" " 

" '" 

'" '" ' " 

,.J 

~:: I' "' "' 169' 

'" 36.9 

2,100 

655 ' 

'" I "' 383 ! 236 : 

~:~ I 

3. 71 

2,100 

1,830 '"' 

"' "' "' 

2.65 

2,100 

1,042 

"' '"' n 

2,100 • 

on 

'" '" 19.9 

1, 428 

2,100 

"' "' "' '" 

"' 1,304. "' 

"' '" " " " 

"' " 

" '" ' '" "' 

1970 

1,952 

"' '" '" "' '" 

2091 '" 

37.5 i 

! 

1,9521 

'" '" "' "' "' '" '" ' 3.85 i 

1,9.52 

'n 1,680 

~· "' "' 

, , I 

1,952 ' 

'" "' "' " 

1, 952 

'" '" 

16.1 '"' 1,283 

1,952 

'" "' "' '" 

'" 1,105 '" 

'" "' " " " 

'" " 

'"I " '" "' ., 

" See footnotes at end of table. 

1969 

1,825 

"' "' "' '" '" "' '" 39.2 

1,825 

'" '" '" ,, 

"' '" 

3. "' 77 

1,825 

"' 1,519 

"' "' '" 2.80 

1,825 

"' "' 

13.9 

1,214 

1,825 

,, "' 

"' '" 

"' "' " " " 

"' " 

' '" 

"' '" " " 

1959 

1,916 

'" "' "' "' "' "' '" 

42.9 

1,916 

"' "' '" '" "' '" '" 

3.66 

1,916 

1,525 "' 

'" "' "' 

2. 72 

1, 916 

'" '" "' " 

1, 916 

"' 

11.3 

1,254 

1,916 

"' "' '"' '" 

" 

"' '" 

" " 

"' " 

" '" ' '" "' " " 

1974 

4, 891 

1,126 

"' '" 

1,051 '" 

.:::I 

4,891 

2,476 

1,301 "' 

'" "' "' '" 

3.00 

4.,891 

2,127 

2, 764. 

2,140 I ':: ,, 

1.83 

4,891 

2,357 '" 1,389 

'" 

4,891 

3,093 

. 2,910 

'" 1, '·' 798 

4,891 

3,379 

2,422 

2,164 ,,. 

"' '" 1,511 

"' '" " 

'·"'I '" 

'" '·'::I ·~ "' " " 

1973 

4,611 

'" "' "' '" 995 

"' • ., I 48.9' 

4,6ll 

2,383 

1,159 '" 

'" "' "' " 2.96 

4,611 

2,001 

2,610 

2,070 

"' " 1.82 

4,611 

2,175 '" 1,313 

"' 

4,611 

2,960 

2,839 

'" 1,651 

4,611 

3,180 

2,251 

2,007 

'" 

'" 

1,432 '" 

'" '" " " '" 

3,180 

"' 

1,175 "' 

"' '" " " 

Above low-1nc0111e ievel 

1972 

4, 449 

"' '" "' '" '" '" "' 

49.7 

4,449 

2, 324 

1,108 "'

"' '"' '" " 2.96 

4,449 

2,053 

2,397 

1,842 

"' " 1.89 

4,4491 

2,129 '" 

1,298 

"' 

4,4.49 

2, 778 

2,672 

"'' 1,672 '·' 

4, 4.49 

3,002 

2,139 

1,925 

'" 

'" 

1,447 '" 

"' '" " " "' 

3,002 

'" 

1,128 '" 

" "" "' " " 

1971 

4,091 

"' '" 

"' "'I 

~~!! 783 I 

49.4 

4,091 

2,001 

1,129 "' 

"' '" "' " 3.02 

4,091 

1,84.5 

2,246 

1, 726 

"' " '·"' 

4,091 

l, 904 '" 

1,252 

., 

4,091 

2,619 

2,527 

" 1,473 

4,091 

2,84.6 

2,027 

1,813 

"' 

"' 

1,24.5 '" 

"' '" " " "' 

2,846 

"' 

1,137 "' 

" "' '" " " 

1970 

4,0<191 

i!! I 

"' "' '" "' '" 

50.1! 

4,049 

2,075 

"' '"' "' "' '" "' 3.01 

4.,049 

1,892 

2,157 

1,6.51 

'" " 1.92 

4,049 

., 

1,84.9 

1,278 

"' 

4,04.9 

2,569 

2 ,44.6 

"' 1,479 

4,049 

2, 79!1 

1,94.8 

1, 757 

'" 

"" 

1,254 '" 

"' '" • " "' 

2, 795 

'" 

1,058 '" 

m " 

'" " " 

1969 

! 3,7661 

!~I '" '" 7431 

8651 

51.8! 

I 3,766' 

1,9<17 

'" '" "' "' " " 2. 95 

3, 766 

1, 901 

1,865 

1,425 

'" " 1.91 

3, 766 

3R5 

1, 726 

1,207 

"' 

3, 766 

2,332 

2,252 

" 1,434. '·' 

3, 766 

2,532 

1, 760 

1,580 

m 

"' 

1,235 "'

"' '" , ' ,, 

2,532 

"' 

"' '" " '" "' " " 

1959 

2,577 

'" " "' "' "' '" "' 54.6 

2,577 

1,402 

"' '" "' " " " 2. 79 

2,577 

1,558 

1,019 

"' 

' 1.56 

2,577 

1,244. '"' 

"' "' 

2,577 

1,581 

1,520 

" '·' "' 

2,577 

1,650 

1,14.9 

1,046 

"" 

"' '" "' 

" '" 

" 

1,650 

"' 

'" "' " 
29 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974-Continued 

Selected 

charnc teris tics 

Pf.RCE~I OISTRIBL'TIOS 

All f"amtlles 

A(e of head 

Total .. 

Under Js years. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 6~ years ..•. 

6:; years and over. 

Sue of family 

Total 

2 persons. 

Head 65 years and over ••. 

J persons. 

4 persons. 

:; persons. 

6 person~. 

7 persons or IIO':e. 

Presence of cllildren 

Total. 

No related childrel\ .... 

With related children •••••• 

1 and 2 children •••• , ••• , 

3 and 4 children •••••• , •• 

s'chHdren or., .. ., ..•.... 

Number of earners 

Total. ......... . 

No earners •. 

1 earner. 

2 earners 

3 earners or 1110re •• : 

Ero.ploy .. nt status of head 

Total. 

In civilian labor force. 

Employed. 

Unemployed .•.••••.•••••• 

Not in civilian labor force. 

Work experience of head 

Total. 

Worked. 

50 to ~2 .,eeks ..•.•.•. 

Full u~~a. 

1 to 49 weeks •••.•••.. 

Reason for working part 

year: 

Unemployed 

Other. 

Did not •ork. 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ........ 

Keeping house •.•••.•. 

Going to school •••••••• 

Unable to !tnd work. 

Other ..•.•. 

Head in Armed Forces ••••• 

Occupation of longest 

job of head 

Head worked, total. 

Prof., tech.,& kindred Wkrs •• 

Managers .i administrators, 

exc. ra .......... 

Clerical & sales workers. 

Craft & kindred workers., 

Operatives. 

Service workers. 

Laborers, exc. fa,.. 

Fann workers •• 

1974 

'" , I ~::~ I 2~.1 I 

~~:11' 14.9 

I 

'~:~~ 10.9 

19.0 

16.5 

12.1 : .., 

11.0 

100.0 

24.2 

75.8 

40.4 

24.4 

11.1 

100.0 

37.9 

41.6 

1~.9 

.., 

100.0 

48.9 

40.1 

.., 

51.1 

100.0 

~2. 7 

23.1 

19.2 

29.6 

12.6 

17.0 

46.8 

14.9 

19.0 

u 

:::I 

'-' 

100.0 

'-' 

10.8 '·' 

11.9 

19.4 

22.7 

.., 

16.7 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands Fa0l1l1es as of March of the followin1 year) 

1973 

! 

I 100.0 

37.1 : 

14.0 I 23.11 

19.2 

14.3 

12.3 

17.2 

100.0 

3~.1 

"12 .6 

17.9 

1~.3 

12.8 

11.2 '·' 

100.0 

27.1 

37.6 "·' 

23.9 

11.4 

100.0 

38.1 

41.9 

15.9 

.., 

100.0 

46.6 

41.2 

53.4 '·' 

100.0 

51.4 

21.7 

18.2 

29.7 

19.8 '·' 

48.3 

15.5 

20.7 

LO 

'-' 

'·' '·' 

'"j 

.., 

11.2 

12.3 

18.9 

22.2 

.., 

15.6 

Below low-Income level Above low-inco.e level 

~~~~T--~-~~~~.-~~,-,~,-~ 

100.0 

37.0 

13.5 

23.6 

18.8 

13.9 

12.9 

17.3 

100.0 

35.5 

13.4 

17.1 

15.6 

10.8 

12.0 '·' 

100.0 

28.7 

71.3 

35.8 

23.3 

12.2 

100.0 

36.8 

42.7 

16.7 

'·' 

100.0 

49.4 

44.0 

50.6 '·' 

100.0 

53.5 

23.4 

19.8 

30.1 

11.1 

19.1 

45.9 

14.6 

19.0 

"' "' '·' '·' 

100.0 

'·' 

10,3 '·' 

13.8 

19.9 

20.2 

15.0 '·' 

1971 . 

100.0 

35.2 

13.6 

21.6 

18.3 

14.0 

12.5 

20.0! 

,00.0 1· 

35.8 

15.5 

17.9 

14.9 

10.6 

13.1 "' 

100.0 

30.6 

69.4 

34.8 

22.2 

12.5 

100.0 

41.7 "'·' 

17.2 

"' 

100.0 

48.7 

42.4 

'-' 

51.3 

100.0 

53.0 

24.7 

20.4 

28.3 

10.8 

17.5 

45.7 

14.3 

17.7 

LO 

10.4 '·' 

"' 

100.0 

'-' 

10.5 '·' 

13.3 

17.7 

20.1 

.. ' 19.0 

1970 1969 19~9 1974 1973 1972 1911 1970 1969 195-9 

100.0 

31.6 

11.1 

20.5 

18.5 

13.9 

13.4 

22.6 

100.0 

37.4 

18.0 

16.4 

14.0 

10.9 

13.7 

100.0 

33.6 

66.4 

31.6 

21.3 

13.5 

100.0 

35.3 

43.6 

15.5 

'·' 

100.0 

48.3 

43.1 

51.7 '·' 

100.0 

54.9 

24.9 

20.4 

30.0 

20.1 '·' 

44.0 

16.5 

14.3 

"' 

10.8 

100.0 

'-' 

... '·' 

10.0 

17.6 

21.1 

10.4 

19.7 

! 

I 

1::~1 10.6. 

19.1 

17.4 

14.0 

13.3 

25.5 

100.0 

38.7 

20.2 

16.1 

13.5 

10.4 

13.5 "' 

,~:1 64.5 

21.0 '"" 

13.2 

100.0 

35,8 

42.8 

16.4 

'·' 

100.0 

47.3 

43.1 

53.7 

100.0 

54.2 

25.9 

21.3 

28.3 

21.2 '·' 

44.7 

15.2 

15.0 

'-' 

'-' 

12.7 

"' 

100.0 .., 

'-' 

11.4. '·' 

18.3 

19.0 

10.6 

21.0 

100.0 

26.9 

19.4 

20.4 

17.3 

13.1 

22.4 

100.0 

34.3 

16.6 

15.1 

14.0 

13.1. 

15.1 '·' 

100.0 

34,6 

65.4 

29.5 

22.3 

13.6 

100.0 

23.8 

48.4 

19.9 

'·' 

100.0 

61.3 

54.5 

.., 

38.8 

100.0 

67.5 

36.6 

31.5 

31.0 

14.4 

16.5 

"'·' 

10.9 '·' 

'·' "' '·' '-' 

100.0 

'·' 

'·' '-' 

18.9 '·' 

13.0 

12.5 

32.2 

100.0 

29.5 

'-' 

22.6 

19.4 

20.8 

16.0 

14.4 

100.0 

37.8 

11.6 

22.1 

20.1 

11.3 

'-' 

'-' 

100.0 

45.7 

54.3 

13.0 "·' 

'·' 

100.0 

'·. 34.5 

4.1.8 

15.3 

100.0 

"'·' 75.8 

... 

19.5 

100.0 

83.9 

68.0 

65.6 

15.9 

'-' 

14.3 '·' 

'·' '-' 

'·' '·' '·' '-' 

100.0 

15.2 

15.1 

14.0 

21.8 

17.3 

"' '·' '-' 

100.0 

29.4 

22.3 "' 

19.5 

21.0 

16.0 

14.0 

100.0 

37,6 

11.3 

21.5 

20.0 

11.5 

'·' .., 

100.0 

45.3 

54.7 

38.5 

13.6 

'·' 

100.0 

35.0 '·' 

4.2.1 

15.0 

100.0 

81.4 

79.3 

18.6 '·' 

100.0 

85.0 

69.7 

67,7 

15.3 

... '·' 

13.2 

'·' "' '·' '·' '·' '-' 

100.0 

14.7 

15.2 

14.0 

22.0 

17.4 

.. "' , 

'·' 

100.0 

28.9 

21.8 "' 

19.8 

21.4 

16.3 

13.6 

100.0 

"·' 11.0 

21.7 

19.9 

11.8 

'·' '·' 

100.0 

44.9 

55.1 

14.0 "·' 

'·' 

100,0 

"·' 41.5 

14,6 

100.0 

.... 

"'·' .., 

17.8 

100.0 

"·' 69.7 

67.6 

16.1 

.., 

12.6 '·' 

'·' "' '·' '·' '·' '-' 

100,0 

14.,4 

14.8 

14.4 

21.8 

18.1 

... '·' 

.., 

100.0 

28.0 

21.2 '·' 

20.1 

21.9 

16.6 

13.4 

100.0 

35.3 

10.7 

21.6 

20.3 

12.1 

.., 

.., 

100.0 

43.7 

56.3 

14.9 "·' 

'·' 

100.0 .., 

37.3 

41.0 

15.0 

100.0 

"·' "'·' 

17.2 '·' 

100.0 

86.2 

69.1 

.... 

17.0 

'·' 

11.8 '·' 

'·' "' '·' '·' '·' '·' 

100.0 

14.5 

14.4 

14.7 

21.7 

18.2 

'·' '·' '·' 

100.0 

27.1 

... 

20.3 

21.2 

22.0 

16.8 

12.9 

100.0 

35.0 

10.2 

21.1 

19.6 

12,7 

'·' '-' 

100.0 

43.3 

56.7 

37.7 

15.5 

• 3.6 

100.0 .., 

"'·' 

15.5 "·' 

100.0 

83.6 

"'·' 

16.4 '·' 

100.0 

86.8 

69.8 

67.6 

17.0 

'·' 

11.1 '·' 

100.0 

14..5 

16.1 

14.0 

20.9 

17.9 

'·' '·' "' 

100.0 

27.3 

20.8 "' 

21.7 

21.7 

16.5 

12.7 

100.0 

34.1 

. 21.3 '·' 

19.9 

12.7 

.., 

'·' 

100.0 

57.5 "·' 

37.8 

15.9 

'·' 

100.0 

36.9 '·' 

41.8 

15.7 

100.0 

84.4 

82.4 

'-' 

15.6 

100.0 

87.3 

71.9 

89.9 

15.3 

10.1 '·' 

10.7 

100.0 

14.6 

15.7 

14.2 

21.4 

19.3 

... .., 

'·' 

100.0 

25.2 

... 

20.6 

25.2 

22.2 

15.6 

11.8 

100.0 

31.7 

23.1 '·' 

21.8 

13.3 

'·' .., 

100.0 

41.3 

58.7 

.,. 

15.6 

, 

100.0 

47.6 "' 

38.0 

10.7 

100.0 

87.2 

84.3 

3.0 

"'·' 

100,0 

89.2 

"'·' "·' 19.1 

10.8 '·' 

... 

100.0 

12.1 

15.5 

14.3 

22.0 

19.7 

'·' '-' 

.., 
30 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 197 4-Conti nued 

,;.,t.,cted 

characteristics 

ll'ttite 

Age or head 

Total. 

Under 35 '}'ears. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 Y"ars. 

55 to 64 years. 

65 years and over. 

S1ze of fardlr 

Total. 

2 persons. 

Head 65 years and over. 

J persons. 

4 persons. 

5 persons. 

6 persons 

7 persons or more. 

Presence of children 

Total. 

No related children .•• 

With related children. 

1 and 2 children 

3 and 4 children, .... 

5 children or more •• , 

Number of earners 

Total. 

No earners., ..... . 

1 earner 

2 earners. 

3 earners or 110re .•• 

Employ...,nt status or head 

Total. 

In civilian labor force.,. 

E•ployed •. 

Unemployed •.•• 

Not in civilian labor force. 

Work experience of 1\ead 

Total. •• 

Worked. 

:>0 to :>2 weeks ..•. 

Full tilte •••• 

1 to 49 "'"""". Rea~on for working part 

year: 

Unellp1oyed. 

Other. 

Did not work. 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled 

Keeping house .•••.•. 

Going to school 

Unable to find work. 

Other. 

Hesd in A,...,ed Forces ••.. 

<kcupat1on of longest 

lob o! 1\ead 

Hesd worked, total. 

Prof. , tech..,& kindred wkrs. 

Managers & sd11inistrators, 

exc. fan1 ••••. 

Clerical & sales workers. 

Craft & kindred workers ••• 

Oper-.tives •......••••• 

Service workers. 

Laborers, exc. far11. 

Fan~ workers. 

100.0 

38.:> 

13.:> 

25.0 

19.1 

13.7 

12.1 

16.3 

100.0 

37.8 

!::~ :1 

11.2 

6. 7 . •.• I 

100.0 

29.2 

m.< 

39.7 

22.7 

8.4 1 

I 

' I 100.0 I 37.0 

"·' 17.0 I 

'·' 

I 100.0 1 

:>2 .1 i 

43.3 1 

4~:: i ,J 

5:>.6 

2:>. 7 

22.2 

29.9 

13.0 

16.91 

43.8 

13.2 I 17.2 i .., 

10.4 '"'I . 

0. 7 i 

I 100.0 ! 

11.1 : : I' 

13.2 

18.8 

"·' I 19.8 '·' See footnotes .i.t end of table. 

lllumbers in thousands. families as of March of the following year) 

100.0 . 

35.11 i 

13.3 I 

22 .:> ; 

18.1 ; 

t4. 1 I 12.8 I 

18.5 . 

100.0 ! 39.3 ~ 

H.6: 

19.3 ~ 

1'! .9 '. 

12.2 I 

~:: ! 

I 1oo.o 1 

32.4 1 

67.6 \ 

38.61 

21.2 

7.9 • 

100.0 i 38.1 . 

42.1 I 16.3 

3.5 ' 

I 

' 

1~~:~·11 43.8 

. ,: : I 

I ~~:~ i 22.2 I 

18.91 

30.91 

10.4 1 

20.5 I 

;; ; i 

1.6 I 1.4 I 

': : i 

I 10~:~ I 

'-' 

12.9 

14.4 

18. J 

1:>. 7 

17.8 '·' 

Belo~· lo~·-inc0111e level 

100.0 

35.3 

13.2 

22.1 ' 

17. t : 14.2 ~ 

13.7 I 

19.7 

100.0 1 

40.7 1 

16.8 i 16.9 ' 

15.9 : 

9.9 • 

7. 7 • 

11.9 . 

100.0 

35.0 

65.0 

36.1 

19.9 

'·' 

i 

·::: :I: 43.6 

17.3 

'-' 

100.0 

:>1.4 

46.7 

.., 

48.6 

100.0 

55.8 

24.8 

21.5 

31.0 

I 

u. 1 I 

19.4 ; 

43.5 . 

14.3 ! 1~:~ ! 1.8~ 

·: : I 

! 

100.0 I 3., 1 

i 

~~:~ I 16.1 •

1 18.6 

15.0 I 17.6 '·' I 

100.0 

34.0 

13.5 

20.5 

16.11 

13.6 

13.1 

22.4 

100.0 

40.0 

111.8 

17. 'I 14.7 

10.2 1 

.: : I 

100.0 

36.8 

63.2 

33.5 

20.2 

.., 

100.0 

35.9 

43.2 

17.1 

'"' 

1oo.o I "49.5 I 

43.:> I 

'·' 

,. , I 

1oo.o I 

53.4 I 25.5 

21.4 

27.9 

10.9 

17.0 

44.9 

13.6 

15.3 

'-' 

'-' 

13.1 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

12.2 

15.6 

16.9 

14.1 

21.2 

I 100.0 I 31.1 I 

11.9 1 

19.2 

17.7 • 

12.8 i 13.7 i 24.8 i 

100.0 : 

42. 71' 21.3 

16.7 I 

13.4 

10.1 

10.8 

100.0 

41.0 

59.8 

~., 

19.1 

10.2 

' 100.0 II 

36.4 

44.2 ! 14.9 

.., 

100.0 

49.1 

44.1 

'·' "'·' 

100.0 

54.7 

26.0 ' 

21.8 

28.7 

10.2 

!::~ I 15.6 

13.2 

'"' 

13.1 '"' 

'"' 

100.0 

'·' 

11.4 

.., 

12.3 

16.6 

14.7 

'-' 

21.8 

I 

I 100.0 . 

28.1 i 10.5 i 

~!:~ I 13.5 

13.1 

29.0 

wo.o I 43.71 

24.31 

16.8 

,,., .., I 

10.1 '·' I 

100.0 

41.6 

58.4 

30.4 

18.9 

.., 

100.0 

38.1 

43.8 

14.6 

'-' 

100.0 

46.6 

43.1 

53.4 

100.0 

52.3 

2:>.2 

21.3 

27.1 

'-' 

20.5 

46.2 

15.5 

13.4 

'"' 

15.6 '·' 

'-' 

100.0 

'·' 

'·' '-' 

13.6 

16.5 

13.4 

23.4 '·' 

100.0 

25.3 : 

17.9 '·' 

19.6 

16.6 

13.6 

24.9 

100.0 

37.5 

19.9 

14.9 

14.3 

13.4 

12.3 '·' 

100.0 

38.4 

61.6 

29.7 

20.9 

11.1 

100.0 

25.4 

"'·' 17.9 

'·' 

100.0 

., .. I. 54.3 

39.6 '"' 

100.0 

65.8 

36.6 

31.6 

29.3 

13.3 

15.9 

31.7 

10.5 '·' 

'·' LO 

10.5 

'·' 

100.0 

'"' 

'·' 

11.2 '"' 

ts.5 

10.0 

10.3 

33.2 

' i 100.0 

29.1 

6.8 1 

22.4 i 19.o I 

20.9 

16.2 

14.7 

! 

I 

100.0 

38.5 

12.1 ! 21.8 

20.2 

11.3 

'·' '-' 

100.0 

46.8 

:>3.2 

38.3 

12.8 

'·' 

100.0 .., 

34.6 

41.6 

15.3 

100.0 

80.6 

76.2 

<.< 

19.4 

100.0 

84.0 

68.5 

66.1 

15.5 

'-' 

14.3 '·' 

100.0 

15.6 

16.1 

14.2 

22.5 

16.6 

'-' 

<.< 

'"' 

1973 I 

! I 

I 100.0 

29.0 

'-' 

2l. 9 ; 

19.3 : 

21.2 : 

16.3 : 

14.3 i 

I 100.0 ' 

38.3 . 

!~:~ i 20.1 

11.5 

'-' 

'"' 

100.0 

46.4 

53.6 

38.1 

13.2 

'"' 

I 

I ..... I, 

35.2 '·' 

41.9 

14.9 

100.0 

81.6 

79.6 

18.4 '·' 

100.0 

85.2 

70.2 

68.3 

14.9 

.., '·' 

13.1 

'·' '-' ::II 

'"' 

100.0 

15.1 

16.2 

14.1 

22.7 

16.6 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

I 

Above loll'-income level 

1972 I 

I 

' I 

I 100/0 i 

28.61 

'·' 21.6 i 19.6 

21.4 

16.5 

13.8 

100.0 

37 .tj 

:: 20.1 :I 11.8 

'·' 

, , I 

100.0 

45.5 

54.5 

38.1 

13.7 

'-' 

100.0 

37.0 '"' 

41.1 

14.7 

100.0 

82.3 

80.2 

17.7 '"' 

100.0 

85.8 

70.0 

68.0 

15.8 

'"' .., 

12.5 

'·' '-' '·' '·' '·' '"' 

100.0 

14.7 

15.7 

14.5 

22.6 

17.4 

,_, '·' 

'-' 

1971 i 1970 

100.0 

27.8 

'-' 

21.1 

20.0 

21.8 

16.8 

13.6 

wO.o; 

35.9 1 

11.1 

21.5' 

20.4: 

12.2: 

5.9; 

4.2; 

100.0. 

44.5 : 

.. 

38.1 .. r· 

14.7 

'·' 

I 100.0: 

'"'I. 

37.6. 

40.6 

14.9 

! 

100.0 I 82.9' 

80.5. 

17.1 

100.0 

86.2 

69.6 

67.4 

16.7 

'-' 

.., 

11.8 

... 

... '"'

'·' '-' 

2.0. 

100.0 

15.0 

15.31 

14.8. 

22.5 

17.5 

'"' u 

<.0 

100.0: 

27.0! 

6.8. 

20.2! 

21.0 1 

22 .o i 16.9. 

13.1 

100.0 

35.31 

!~:~ i 19.8' 

12.8 

'"' '-' 

100.0 

44.0 

56.0 

37.5 

15.4 

'-' 

100.0 

'"' "·' 41.4 

15.4 

100.0 

83.7 

80.9 

... 

16.3 

100.0 

86.8 

70.1 

67.9 

16.7 

'-' 

11.2 '·' 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' '"' '·' 

100,0 

15.1 

17.1 

14.1 

21.6 

17.1 

'·' u 

'·' 

1969 

100.0 

26.9 

6.4. 

20.5 

21.7: 

21.8 

16.6 

13.0 

100.0' 

34.6' 

10.3 i 21.3 

20.2 

12.8 

'-' 

'-' 

100.0 

43.3 

56.7 

37.6 

15.7 

,_, 

100.0' 

5.81 

37.6 

41.1 

15.5 

100.0 

1

, 84.4 

82.4 

... 

15.6 

100.0 

87.2 

"·' 70.2 

15.0 

'·' 

10.7 '·' 

'·' 

0.' '"' 

'·' '-' 

'·' 

100.0 

15.2 

16.7 

14.4 

22.0 

18.4 

'·' '"' '·' 

1959 

100.0 

25.1 

20.5 ' ·' 

25.0 

22.1 

15.7 

12.1 

100.0 

31.6 

23.3 

22.0 

13.4 

'·' '-' 

100.0 

41.3 

58.7 

40.4 

15.8 

'-' 

100.0 

48.2 

37.5 

10.4 

100.0 

87.0 

84.2 

13.0 '·' 

100.0 

89.2 

70.6 

~.· 18.6 

10.7 

.., 

<.0 

'-' 

100.0 

12.4 

16.2 

14.6 

22.7 

19.1 

'"' <.< 

'-' 
·' ./• 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head:. 

1959 and 1969 to 1974---Continued 

(N~er~ in thotJ&ands f'...,ilies as ol llarch or the following year) 

Selected 

characteria tics 

Negro 

"B"" of head 

Total. 

Under 35 years. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34. yeara. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 64 years. 

65 years and over. 

Size of ta .. uy 

Total •.•.....•..•• 

2 persons. 

lie ad 6:'> years and over. 

3 persona. 

'4 persons. 

5 p.ersona .•.. 

6 person., ... 

7 persona or IDOre. 

Presence of children 

Total •• 

Xo related chtldren ... 

With related children. 

1 and 2 children. 

3 and 4 children., 

5 children or 100re ..•. 

Nu11ber of ear~>era 

Total. 

lfo earners. 

1 earner. 

2 earners ... ,,,, ..... 

3 earners or 110re ••• 

Total. 

In ..civilian labor force .•. 

EIQ>loyed. 

UneiQ>loyed ..••. 

Mot in civilian labor force. 

Work e:~pertence of head 

Total ..•. 

Worked .•. 

50 to 52 weeka. 

Full u .... 1 to 49 weeka .•. 

Reaaon for working part 

year: 

Une.plo)Oed ••.••. 

Other •••• 

Did not work .••.• 

Reaaon for not workln~r: 

Ill or diaabled •.•••. 

Keeping houae. 

:!:~e t~o •;~: 1 ~ork. : :: I . Other ..••.•••. 

Head in .traed Forcea •.•• 

Occupation of longest 

job of bead 

Head worked, total. 

Prof. , tech., & kindred wkra. 

lila11agers & adlliniatratora, 

exc. fan ... 

Clerical &: aalea worker a .•• 

Craft &: ki11dred workera. 

Operativea ..••• 

Service workers •••.•. 

Laborera, exc. fan. 

Fa.-. workera •.•. 

1974. '. 1973 ' . 

100.0 .. 100.0 

42.0 

16.7 

25,4 

23.1 

13,5 

... 

11.6 

100.0 

24.4 

>.O 

16.4 

16.9 

13,5 

11.0 

15.9 

100.0 

12.9 

87.1 

41.8 

27.8 

17.4 

100.0 

40.4 

... , 13.2 

'-' 

100,0 

41.8 

32.8 

0.0 

:!08.2 

100.0 

46.5 

17,8 

12.8 

u.o 

11.6 

17.2 

53.3 

19.2 

23.2 

'-' 

.., 

3.0 

o .• 

100.0 

u 

.., 

10.3 

0.3 

... 0 

39.6 

0.0 

o.o 

39.6 

' 15.1 

': 24,6 

F 21.3 

13.6 

11.2 

14,3 

100.0 

26.6 

. ' 15.3 

15.2 

14.0 

10.5 

18.3 

100,0 

16.2 

83.8 

35.3 

18.9 "'·' 

100.0 

3U 

41.7 

14.8 

>.3 

100,0 

42.2 

35,4 

... 

57.8 

100.0 

47.7 

16.1 "'·' 

27.6 

.., 

18.9 

51.9 

18.2 

27,4 

LO 

.., 

<.0 

0.3 

100.0 

'·' 

'·' '-' 

0.< 

21.0 

37.2 

12.2 

10.6 

See footnotes at end of table. 

11 B~low low-1nc011e level 

100.0 

•. 41.5 

14.9 

"'·' 21.8 

13.1 

11.4 

12.0 

100.0 

25,0 

0.3 

~6.9 

15.0 

12.9 

11.5 

18.6 

100.0 

14.8 

85.2 

36.2 

29,7 

19,4 

100,0 

38.7 

40.3 

15.2 

'·' 

100.0 

ol5.0 

38.3 

'-' 

54.9 

100.0 

49,1 

16.2 "'·' 

28,5 

... 

18.5 

50.6 

15,5 

27.0 

'-' 

3.3 

'-' 

0.3 

100,0 

3.> 

'-' 

o .• 

'-' 

22.9 

34.4 

12.7 

' 8,1 

1971 

100,0 

38.0 

13,6 

24,5 

21,5 

14,6 

11.7 

14.2 

100.0 

24.9 

'-' 

18.3 

15,6 

12.0 

19.8 '·' 

100,0 

15.1 

84,8 

37.6 

27.4 

19.9 

100.0 

.... 

37.5 

17.6 

o.• 

100,0 

46.0 

38,9 

•. o >4.0 

100.0 

51.5 

22.7 

17.9 

u.o 

10.3 

18.5 

~.0 

18.2 

24.3 

o.o 

3.0 

3.0 

'-' 

100,0 

3.< 

'·' '·' 

19.7 '·' 

35,7 

12.7 

13.2 

1970 

100.0 

33.4 

0.0 

23.7 

16.7 "'·' 

12.7 

17.1 

100.0 

25.4 

10,1 

15.2 

15.1 

12,6 

10,8 

"'·' 

100.0 

18.1 

81.7 

33.3 

... o 21.8 

100.0 

32.7 

42,4 

16.7 

0.3 

100.0 

46.5 

40.7 

'-' 

53.5 

100,0 

55.5 

21.8 

16,5 

33.7 

.., 

24,5 

44.1 

19.1 

17.3 

LO 

" '-' 

o.• 

100.0 .., 

3.3 

'-' 

... ... 0 

36.1 

14.0 

14.6 

1969 

100.0 

33,8 

11.0 

22.9 

20.4 

15.4 

u.o 

16.4 

100.0 

25.8 

14.2 '·' 

14.2 

11.8 

12.1 

21.8 

100,0 

19,8 

80.2 

"'·' 26.3 

"·' 

100,0 

29.7 

40.2 

21.2 

0 .• 

100,0 

49,2 

43,5 

'-' 

>0.0 

100.0 

59.2 

27.8 

21.1 

31,7 

o.' 

22,9 

... , 

14,9 

19.2 

o.' 

'-' 

.., 

'-' 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

>.0 

0.3 

22.6 

32,5 

13.9 

15.2 

1959 

(HAl 

(NA) 

(HAl 

""' ""' (NAl 

(NA) 

{I( A) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NAl 

(NA) 

"'" "'" (NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(~) 

<W 

'"'' '"'' '"'' '"'' 

(NA) 

(NA) 

'"'' (>A) 

(>A) 

(>A) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(>A) 

(!fA) 

(NA) 

'""' (NA) 

(NA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

'""' O<A) 

(MA) 

<MA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(MAl 

(MAl 

"'" (MAl 

(lfA) 

1974 

100.0 

33.2 

. ' 24.3 

21.7 

19.9 

13.5 

11.7 

100,0 

31.4 

24.3 

18.2 

11.1 

'-' 

'-' 

100.0 

34.8 

65,2 

43,5 

16.2 

'-' 

100.0 

'-' 

3U 

44,5 

14.9 

100,0 

78.8 

70.8 

21.2 

100.0 

82.7 

62.7 

59.5 

20,0 

10,0 

10,0 

15.2 

100,0 

'-' 

... 12,3 

14,8 

26.7 

... o 12.0 

•. 3 

1973 

100.0 

33.4 

25.5 

21.1 

19,6 

13.7 

12.2 

100.0 

31.2 

... 

23.9 

17.7 

11,3 

. ..

' ' 

100.0 

34.8 

65.2 

42.1 

17.3 

'-' 

100.0 

0.3 

32.8 

44.7 

16.3 

100.0 

79.2 

75,6 

w.o 

100,0 

83.1 

64.2 

61.5 

18.9 

0.3 

10.6 

14.7 

0.< 

... 

0.> 

'·' ...

..3 

100.0 

'-' 

.. , 13.6 

15.1 

19,1 "'·' 

10,5 

'·' 

Above 1""-income level 

1972 

100.0 

32,1 

.., 

23.4 

21.5 

21,5 

13.7 

ll.2 

100,0 

34.0 

21.7 

16.8 

11.7 

'.0 

.., 

100.0 

37.2 

62,8 

40.3 

16.5 

.., 

100,0 

33.< '·' 

47.4 

13,9 

100.0 

81,3 

78.1 

3 •• 

18.7 

100.0 

85.0 

65.8 

63.4 

19,3 

.., 

10,7 

13.6 

... 

3.0 

0.> 

0.3 

... 

>.< 

100,0 .., 

<.3 

13.4 

12.4 

27.7 

19.5 

12.0 

'-' 

1971 

100.0 

30.8 

23.0 ' ' 21.6 

22.5 

13.7 

11.5 

100.0 

30,1 

22.2 

18.7 

10,8 

0.> 

o.o 

100.0 

34.7 

65.4 

41.2 

16.8 

'-' 

100.0 

... 33,1 

45.4 

16 .o 

100.0 

81.2 

77.6 

3.0 

18.8 

100.0 

8~.2 

64,0 

61.2 

21.2 

11.7 '·' 

13.3 

'·' 3.0 

0., 

'·' ...

u 

100.0 

'·' 

•. o 13.7 

13.8 

27,3 

19.~ 

12.9 

•. o 

1970 

100,0 

29,6 

22,4 

23.5 

21.4 

15,1 

10.4 

100,0 

32.2 

21.0 '·' 

16,4 

11.6 

'-' 

10.9 

100.0 

36.3 

63,7 

38,8 

17.2 

'-' 

100,0 

3.0 

30.o 

49,8 

16.6 

100.0 

83,0 

79.2 

3.0 

17 .o 

100.0 

87.2 

66.5 

64.1 

"'·' 

.., 

12.:Z 

10.6 

100.0 

0.3 

3 ·' 12.7 

12.8 

29.0 

20.0 

13.5 

'-' 

1969 

100.0 

31.8 

.., 

23.6 

22,7 

20.5 

15.9 

'-' 

100.0 

30.1 

21.9 

16,7 

11.6 

o .• 11,3 

100.0 

35.0 

65.0 

39.1 

17.9 

.., 

100.0 

3., 

29.3 

49.5 

18.0 

100,0 

84.9 

82.3 

'-' 

15.1 

100.0 

... o 68.5 

... 3 

19.5 

'-' 

12.4 

10,1 

100,0 

... 

3.0 

11.9 

14.7 

"'·' 17.4 

13.5 

'-' 

31 

1959 

(!Ill.) 

<HAl 

(NAJ 

. (NAJ 

()lA) 

(NA) 

(HAl 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(lfA) 

(NAJ 

(lfA) 

(NAl 

{NA) 

(MA) 

(NAl 

"'" (NAJ 

(~) 

(HAl 

(MA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MAl 

(NA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(lfA) 

(lfA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

'""' (MA) 

'""' 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(HA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

(MA) 

(MA) 

(NA) 

(NA) 

{NA) 

(NA) 

(~) 
.32 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

1959 and 1969 to 1974-Continued 

Selected 

characterlst lea 

Pam.il ies with Male !tead 

A.ge of head 

Total .•. 

Under 35 years. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 64 years. 

6:> years and over. 

Size of hmUy 

Total. 

2 persons. 

Head 65 years and over. 

3 persons. 

4 persons. 

5 persons. 

6 persons. 

7 persons or more. 

Pres.,nce of children 

Total. 

Ho related children. 

With related chUdre<>. 

1 and 2 <:htldren ..•. 

3 and 4 chUdnon .••. 

5 children or .., .. ., .. 

Total .... 

No ea.rnera., ••. 

1 earner ................. . 

2 earners ... . 

3 earnel"s or 100re . 

.!1,.plor.,.nt shtua of head 

Total. 

In civilian labor force. 

£illployed. 

Unemployed. 

Hot in civilian labor force. 

Work experience of l!.ead 

Total. 

Worked. 

50 to 52 ....,ek&. 

Full t1ate. 

l to 4.9 week&. 

Reason for working part 

year: 

Unemployed ..••. 

Other. 

Did not work. 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or diall.bled. 

Going to acl!.ool .••• 

Un11.ble to find work. 

Other. 

He11.d to Ar111ed Forcea ..•. 

Occup11.t1on of lonrat 

Job of l!.ead 

He11.d worked, tnt11.l. 

Pro!. , tech. ,&. k •ndred wkra. 

Managera &. admtntatr11.tora, 

exc. far11. 

Clerical & sales wnrkera. 

Crsft &. kindred workers. 

O,...rattvea. 

Service workers. 

t.abor.era, exc. fana. 

Farm workera. 

1974 

_100.0 

28.4. 

10.4 

18.1 

19.0 

15.1 

15.1 

22.3 

100.0 

34.7 

17.0 

15.4 

15.3 

12.3 

13.4 "' 

100.0 

37.8 

62.2 

30.2 

21.6 

10.5 

100.0 

27.7 

42.6 

23.4 

.., 

100,0 

"'·' 51.4 

39.9 "' 

100.0 

63.3 

32.1 

28.5 

31.2 

16.2 

15.0 

35.8 

18.1 

u 

14.:> "' 

'' 

100.0 

"' 

"' 

17.9 "' 

18.7 

13.5 "' 

24.2 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Sumbera in thousands F=iliee as of Narch of the follow1ng year) 

1973 

1~~:~ I 10.6 

15.4 

16.5 

16.3 

16.8 

24.2 

100.0 

38.8 

18.5 

13.6 

14.3 

12.7 

12.8 

100,0 

41.8 

58.2 

28.7 

19.4 

10.1 

100.0 

28.8 

44.2 

21.6 

"' 

100.0 

58.1 

52.6 

41.9 '·' 

100.0 

61.8 

31.1 

27.4 

30.7 

12.8 

17.9 

37.6 

19.8 

"' 

14.6 "' 

'·' 

100.0 

"' 

. ' 17.6 "' 

19.2 

•• 13.4 

22.0 

Below lo"-inc010e level 

1972 

100.0 

27.8 

.. ' 18.1 

17.3 

14.8 

16.6 

23.5 

100.0 

38.8 

19.1 

13.4 

13.7 

10.7 

14.1 

100.0 

41.9 

:18.1 

27.2 

19.8 

11.1 

100.0 

27.5 

45.5 

22.2 

... 

100.0 

60.8 

55.9 

... 

39.2 

100.0 

64.9 

33.6 

29.4 

31.3 

14.9 

16.4 

34.0 

17.1 

"' 

14.1 "' 

100.0 .., 

10.0 ' , 19.3 

20.3 

12.6 

19.7 

1971 

100.0 

28.2 

11.1 

17.1 

16.0 

14.5 

15.5 

25.9 

100.0 

38.9 

20.6 

14.6 

12.7 

10.2 

15.6 '·' 

100.0 

42.2 

57.8 

27.2 

18.5 

12.1 

100,0 

27 .o 

44.6 

22.1 

.., 

100.0 

59.6 

53.3 

.., 

40.4 

100.0 

62.8 

33.7 

29.4 

29.2 

14.0 

15.1 

34.9 

16.6 

"' 

15.7 "' 

"' 

100.0 

"' 

.., ' ' 18.4 

17.8 

13.2 '·' 

24.3 

1970 

100.0 

23.8 

14.7 " 

17.3 

'" 16.3 

"' 

100.0 

41.4 

23.8 

13.5 

11.7 

10.6 

15.:> ' ' 

100.0 

45.2 

54.8 

24.3 

17.8 

12.7 

100.0 

29.4 

44.8 

19.2 

... 

100.0 

"·' 51.6 

.., 

43.4 

100.0 

61.7 

32.5 

27.9 

29.2 

12.4 

16.9 

36.6 

18.7 

'·' 

15.9 "' 

100.0 ' , 

11.7 

13.5 

18.0 

14.0 "' 

25.4 

1969 

100.0 

23.1 

. ' 14.8 

15.4 

14.3 

15.4 

31.8 

1oo.o 

42.5 

25.9 

13.2 

11.8 

.., 

15.7 "' 

100.0 

46.3 

53.7 

23.4 

17.8 

12.5 

100.0 

30.5 

44.0 

19.7 

'·' 

100.0 

55.2 

51.3 

'·' 

100.0 

60.8 

33.4 

29.0 

27.4 

18.3 "' 

37.4 

17.4 

LO 

18.7 '·' 

"' 

100.0 .., 

10.0 

15.8 "' 

18,0 

14.1 "' 

26.9 

1959 

100.0 

25.9 

18.5 "' 

19.1 

16.8 

14.3 

24.0 

100.0 

33.3 

18.0 

13.6 

13.2 

13.6 

17.2 

100.0 

38.8 

61.2 

2:1.2 

21.7 

14.3 

100.0 

17.6 

51.3 

22.3 

. ..

100.0 

69.2 

61.7 

30.8 "' 

100.0 

74.9 

42.8 

37.8 

32.1 

17.3 

14.8 

22.5 

10.8 

"' LO 

10.6 

"' 

100.0 

"' 

... 

11.6 "' 

19.2 

.., 

14.4 

35.8 

1974 

100.0 

30.2 

23.2 

19.3 

20.7 

16.0 

13.8 

100.0 

36.4 

11.3 

21.6 

21.0 

11.9 

"' '·' 

100.0 

46.0 

54.0 

38.4 

13.3 

'·' 

100.0 

33.0 '·' 

43.2 

15.7 

100.0 

82.3 

77.6 

17.7 

100.0 

85.:1 

70.0 

67.9 

15 .:I 

,_. 

.., 

12.6 

'·' '·' 

... '·' 

'·' 

100.0 

15.3 

16.0 

11.8 

23.6 

17.5 

"' "' '·' 

1973 

100.0 

30.2 

22.8 "' 

19.4 

21.0 

16.0 

13.4 

100.0 

36.2 

11.3 

21.2 

"·' 12.0 

.., '·'

100.0 

45.5 

54.5 

:17.9 

13.9 

"' 

100.<! 

u 

33.8 

43.5 

15.4 

100.0 

83.1 

81.0 

16.9 "' 

100.0 

86.6 

71.8 

70.1 

14.8 

'·' 

11.4 '·' 

100.0 

14.8 

16.1 

12.2 

23.6 

17.6 

... 

"' .., 

Above 1ow-1nc0<11e level 

1972 

100.0 

29.7 ' .. 22.4 

19.9 

21. 4. 

16.2 

12.8 

100.0 

35.2 

10.5 

21.4 

~., 

12.3 

.., '·' 

100.0 

44.7 

:1:'>.3 

38.0 

14.3 

'·' 

100.0 

35.6 "' 

42.7 

15.1 

100.0 

84.1 

82.0 

100.0 

87.6 

71.8 

70.0 

15.7 

. '·' ·'10.6 

100.0 

14.4 

15.5 

12,6 

23.3 

18.3 

'·' "' .., 

1971 

100.0 

28.9 

21.9 

20.1 

21.7 

16.5 

12.8 

100.0 

34.1 

10.4 

21.0 

21.1 

12.6 

... 

... 

100.0 

43.5 

56.5 

38.0 

15.2 

"' 

100.0 

36,4. '·' 

42.0 

15.4 

100,0 

84.6 

82.0 

15.4 

100.0 

87.7 

71.0 

• 69.0 

16.8 

... '·'

10.1 

100.0 

14.6 

15.1 

12.8 

23.3 

18.4 

.., 

"' '·' 

1970 

100.0 

28.0 

'.0 

21.0 

21.3 

21.8 

16.7 

12.1 

100.0 

33.5 

20.8 '·' 

20.3 

13.3 

.., 

... 

100.0 

43.0 

57 .o 37.4 

16.0 

"' 

100.0 

35.5 '·' 

43.0 

15.9 

100.0 

85.5 

82.7 

14.5 "' 

100.0 

88.5 

71.9 

69.9 

16.7 

"' '·' '·' '·' "' 

100.0 

14.6 

16.8 

12.2 

22.3 

18.0 

... 

'·' '·' 

1969 

lOU .0 

28.3 

21.6 

22.0 

21.6 

16.2 

11.11 

100.0 

32.6 

21.0 ' ' 20.6 

13.3 

"' '·' 

100.0 

41.8 

~, 

37.8 

16.5 

"' 

100.0 

36.1 

42.6 

16.0 

100.0 

86.4 

84.4 

13.6 

100.0 

89.0 

74.1 

72.4 

~4.9 

"' 

... '·' 

100.0 

14.8 

16.4 

12.7 

22.7 

19.3 

"' .., 

'·' 

1959 

100.0 

26.4 

21.5 

25.7 

22.0 

15.2 

10.6 

100.0 

30.0 

22.8 "' 

22.6 

14.0 

.., 

.., 

tOO.O 

39.9 

60.1 

40.8 

16.4 

, ' 

100.0 

47.6 ' ' 38.3 

10.7 

100.0 

89.2 

86.2 

10.8 '·' 

100.0 

91.1 

72.1 

70.4 

19.0 

.., 

10.:1 

.., 

100.0 

12.0 

15.9 

13.2 

23.1 

19.8 

... ' '.., 
. ·'!. 

Table 4. Selected Characteristics of Families by Low-Income Status and Sex and Race of Head: 

Sel<>ct<>d 

cltaracteris tics 

Faml-lies "1tlt Felltale Head 

Age of head 

Tot&!. 

Under 35 years. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 64 years .•• 

65 years and over ..• 

Size of f&lii11Y 

Total. 

2 persons. 

Head 65 years and over. 

3 persons •. 

4 persons ..•. 

5 persons. 

6 persons. 

1 persons or more. 

Presence of cht)dren 

Total. 

No related children. 

With related children .• 

1 ud 2 children ••.•• 

3 and 4 children •••••. 

5 children or 100re •••.• 

Total. 

No earners .••. 

1 earner .• 

2 earners. 

3 earners or 1110re. 

Total. 

In civilian labor force. 

hployed .•. 

Uneap1oyed •••••. 

Sot ioc1vil1an labor force. 

Work experience of head 

Total. 

Worked. 

50 to 52 weeks. 

Fbll u ..... 

1 to 49 weeks .•••.••• 

Reason fol" working part 

year: 

Une10ployed. 

Other. 

Did not work ..• 

Reason for not workiog: 

Ill or disabled .•. 

Keeping house. 

Going to school •.•.•• 

Unable to find work. 

Other ..•. 

Occupation of lonll"eat 

Job of head 

Head worked, total. 

Prof. , tech. ,& kindred wkrs. 

Mattagers & adA1n1stratot"s, 

exc. fa ....... 

Clerical & sales IOQrkers. 

Craft & kindred worket"a. 

Opel"a ti ves. 

Service workers •.•.• 

Laborers, exc. fat"lll. 

Fal"ll workers. 

- Rounds to 

· 1959 and 1969 to 1974-Continued (Nillllbers in tltouRanda. FU1il1es as of Marett of tlte following year) 

1974 

100.0 

52.3 

19.0 

33.3 

22.5 

12.1 

,., 

.., 

100.0 

31.8 

,., 

'-'·' 

18.0 

11.8 

u 

... 

100.0 .., 

91.8 

52.4. 

21.1 

11.7 

100.0 

4.9.9 

40.5 

u 

,., 

100.0 

35.8 

26.9 

.., 

64.2 

100.0 

40.3 

12.6 

.., 

27.6 

.., 

19.3 

59.7 

11.2 

41.4 

,., 

u 

u 

100.0 

' ' •. o 

"'·' o .• 

"'·' 48.9 

0 .• 

•.o 

1973 

100.0 

50.1 

11.8 

32.2 

22.5 

11 .9 

.., '·' 

100.0 

30.8 

,.. 

23.0 

16.6 

13.1 

u 

.., 

100.0 

o.< 

48.4 "'·' 

29.4 

12.9 

100.0 

49.3 

39.2 

... '·'

100.0 

32.8 

27.~ 

67.2 '·' 

100.0 

"·' 10.5 

28.4 

22.2 ' ' 

61.1 

10.4 

45.6 

.., 

..o 

u 

100.0 

<.O 

... 

21.0 

.., 

18.4 

47.9 

u 

' ' NA Not ava1lable. 

Below 1ow-1ncoiiU! level 

1972 

100.0 

49.6 

18.5 

31.0 

w.o 

12.7 

,., 

.., 

100.0 

31.1 

>.0 

22.1 

18.3 

10.9 

.., 

.., 

100.0 

10.8 

89.2 

47.5 

27.9 

13.7 

100.0 

49.4 

39.1 

•. 1 .., 

100.0 

34.0 

27.9 

•. 1 

68.0 

100.0 

38.1 

0.0 

.., 

28 . .5 

22.1 '·' 

61.9 

11.3 

44.7 

... 

... .., 

100.0 .., 

... 

19.7 

u 

18.9 

49.5 

1.1 

.., 

1971 

100.0 

45.9 

17.4 

"·' 21.7 

13.2 

•.o 

11.1 

100.0 

31.2 

u 

22.9 

18.2 

11.2 

u 

... 

100.0 

12.9 

87.1 

48.3 

21.1 

13.1 

100.0 

49.8 

37.3 

.., 

,.. 

100.0 

32.0 

25.6 

68.0 '·' 

100.0 

37.9 

10.9 

.., 

27.0 

0.0 

21.0 

62.1 

10.9 

44.8 

1.0 

.., '·'

100.0 ,., 

... 

20.6 

o.• 

17.3 

49.7 

0.0 

,., 

1970 

100.0 

44.8 

14.5 

"'·' 20.8 

15.4 

.., 

10.7 

100.0 

30.1 

.., 

21.5 

11.8 

11.4 

10.7 

100.0 

13.9 

88.1 

44.0 

27.1 

14.9 

100.0 

45.2 

41.5 

.., 

0.0 

100.0 

34.3 

28.7 

,., 

65.7 

100.0 

43.4 

12.1 

,., 

31.3 

,.. 

25.7 

.56.6 

12.8 

38.5 

1., 

.., 

... 

100.0 .., 

17.3 

16.9 

51.5 

... 

•• 1 

1969 

100.0 

41.2 

14.6 

.... 

W.o 

13.6 

... 

14.6 

100.0 

32.1 

10.5 

21.2 

16.4 

12.2 

.., 

.., 

100.0 

16.8 

83.2 

42.1 

26.6 

14.4 

100.0 

44.9 

... .. 10.8 

,., 

100.0 

33.5 

"·' .. ,86.5 

100.0 

42.6 

12.7 

•.o 

"'·' 

,.. 

"·' 

~7.4 

11.5 

41.2 

u 

u 

.., 

100.0 

•. o 

u 

16.9 

o., 

18.9 

"'·' 

•. " o 

1959 

100.0 

30.3 

,., 

22.5 

24.8 

18.9 

0.0 

16.9 

100.0 

37.4 

12.2 

19.9 

16.9 

11.2 

.., 

... 

100.0 

.... 

79.8 

44.1 

24.3 

11.1 

100.0 

44.6 

"·' 12.0 

'·' 

100.0 

34.6 

30.6 

,., 

65.4 

100.0 

42.9 

15.8 

10.9 

27.1 

... 

22.3 

57.1 

,.. 

41.5 

0.< 

.., 

.., 

100.0 

'·' 

<.0 

12.3 

o.• 

11.5 

"'·' u 

11.3 

1974 

100.0 

23.0 

17 .o 20.1 

21.5 

15.1 

19.7 

100.0 

14.1 "'·' 

26.6 

11.9 

.., 

u 

... 

100.0 

43 • .5 

56 . .5 

43.8 

10.9 

" 

100.0 

12.1 

48.2 

28.4 

11.3 

100.0 

63.2 

.59.5 

,., 

36.8 

100.0 

69.1 

49.5 

44.3 

19.6 

.., 

13.4 

"'·0 

... 

19.8 

.., '·' 

,.. 

HlO.O 

13.4 

, .. 39.6 

.., 

14.4 

23.2 

u 

u 

1973 

100.0 

21.5 

16.9 

20.1 

21.8 

16.3 

20.5 

100.0 

.51.7 

15.3 

25.1 

12.6 

>.0 

.., 

..1 

100.0 

43.4 

56.6 

44.9 

... 

1.0 

100.0 

13.1 

41.2 

"·' 11.3 

100.0 

64.2 

61.6 

. .. 35.8 

100.0 

69.0 

48.8 

43.5 

20.1 

'·, 14.4 

31.0 

19.5 '·' 

'·' 0., 

... 

100.0 

13.5 

u 

36.9 

,., 

15.2 

24.9 

u 

1.0 

Above low-incotM level 

1972 

100.0 

20.8 

.., 

16.1 

19.0 

21 . .5 

16.7 

22.0 

100.0 

52.2 

16.2 

24.9 

ll.9 

•. 1 .., 

.., 

100.0 

48.1 

53.9 

41.4 

10.6 

1.0 

100.0 

12.8 

4.7.9 

29.2 

10.2 

100.0 

62.4 

60.0 

,.. 

37.8 

. 

100.0 

67 . .5 

48.1 

19.4 "·' 

13.8 '·' 

32 • .5 

'·0 

19.8 

.., 

0.< 

'·1 

100.0 

13.6 

,., 

37.6 

1 .• 

15.0 

24.6 

0.0 

1.< 

1971 

100.0 

19.2 

,.0 

14.3 

"'·' 23.5 

17.7 

19.1 

100.0 

48.9 

14.0 

27.6 

12.0 

'·' ,., 

,., 

100.0 

45.1 

54.9 

42.2 

10.6 

•. 1 

1970 

100.0 

17.7 

13.1 

20.0 

24.0 

11.8 

20.5 

100.0 

51.3 

14.9 

24..5 

12.2 

.., '·' 

'·' 

100.0 

46.7 

53.3 

40.8 

10.2 

.., 

100.0 100.0 

11.2 11.2 

46.5 4.5.7 

30.8 31.6 

11.8 11.6 

100.0 

"·' 61.8 

.., 

36.0 

100.0 

69.8 

49.5 

44..3 

20.0 

,., 

14.5 

"'·' 

,., 

19.9 

0.< 

o., 

.., 

100.0 

12.9 

,.. 

""·' 

15.4 

22.5 

'·' 1.0 

100.0 

63.5 

"'·' ,., 

36.5 

100.0 

69.0 

... 1 

"·' ».o 

,.. 

15.0 

31.0 

•. o 

"'·' 0.1 

0,, 

,., 

100.0 

12.7 

•. 1 

37.8 

u 

16.9 

'-'·1 

o .• 

1.< 

""0 

100.0 

16.3 

'-' 

11.7 

18.4 

22.6 

19.7 

23.0 

100.0 

51.7 

18.1 

25.3 

12.3 

.., '·'

,.. 

100.0 

4.9.5 "'·' 

37.8 

... 

.., 

100.0 

10.2 

45.8 

32.1 

11.9 

ioo.o 

61.9 

59.8 

... 

38.1 

100.0 

87.2 

48.7 

41.9 

"'·' 

u 

16.6 

32.8 

22.5 '·' 

o.• 

o., 

.., 

100.0 

11.4 

37.7 '·' 

... 18.9 

"·' o., 

.., 

33 

1959 

100.0 

' o., ' ,., 

18.0 

24.6 

21.7 

27.3 

100.0 

54.4 

18.8 

27.0 

10.9 

,., 

.., 

u 

100.0 

"'·' 39.5 

34.7 

.., 

.., 

100.0 

... 48.3 

33.0 

10.6 

100.0 

61.3 

.59.0 

... 38.6 

100.0 

64.0 

44.6 

..... 

19.4 

.., 

14.7 

,..0 

,., 

31.1 

o .• 

1.0 

100.0 

13.8 

,., 

34.4 

u 

11.6 

24.0 

0.< 

u 
34 

Table 5. Selected Measures of Income Deficit for Families and Unrelated Individuals Below the 

'Low-Income Level by Sex and Race of Head: 1959, 1963, and 1967 to 1974 · 

Year 

ALL FAll! LIES 

1974. 

1973. 

1972. 

1971. 

1970. 

1969 1 • 

1968. 

1967. 

1963. 

19&9. 

FAMILIES WITII IIIALE HEAD 

1974. 

1973. 

1972. 

1911. 

1970 

1969 1 . 

1968. 

1967. 

1963. 

1959. 

FAiliLIES Wlnl I'EIIALE READ 

1974 .. 

1973, 

1972, 

1911. 

1970, 

1969 1. 

1968 .•.• 

1967. 

1963 .•. 

1959 .•. 

ALL UlfRELATED IMDIVIDIJALB 

1974. 

1973 .........••. 

1972. 

1971 .. 

1970 

1969 1 .• 

1968. 

1967. 

1963. 

1959, 

MALE UNRElATED IMDIVIOOAU • 

1974. 

1973. 

1972, 

1971, 

1970 .............•. 

1969 1 • 

1968. 

1967. 

1963. 

1959. 

FEMALE UNRELATED 

INDIVIDUA113 

1974., 

1973. 

1972. 

1971. 

1970. 

1969 1 • 

1968, 

1967 

1963. 

1959. 

NA Not available. 

(1974 dollara r .. utea and unrelated individuals as of March. of the following year) 

Total 

lnco.e deficit 

Muti)er 

(thouaands) 

5,109 

4.,828 

5,075 

5,303 

::0,260 

::0,008 

5,04.7 

5,667 

7 ,554. 

8,320 

2, 757 

2,635 

2,917 

3,203 

3,309 

3,181 

3,292 

3,893 

5,582 

6,404 

$1,538 

1,377 

1,418 

1,366 

1,412 

1,323 

1,407 

1,372 

1,608 

1,617 

$1,390 

1,250 

1,271 

1,206 

1,2::07 

1,186 

1,240 

1,205 

1,433 

1,515 

2,351 $1,663 

2,193 1,549 

2,1!WI 1,650 

2,100 1,628 

1,951 1,714 

1,827 1,655 

1,755 1,829 

1,774 1,773 

1,972 I· 2,233 

1,916 1,971 

Mean 

$1,845 

1, 750 

1, 769 

1 '761 

1,603 

1, 72{1 

1,812 

1, 781 

1,996 

1,99;1 

$1 '781 

1,650 

1,669 

1,630 

l ,665 

1,577 

1,636 

1,642 

1,819 

1,890 

$1,921 

1,870 

1,905 

1,959 

2,037 

1,969 

2,142 

2,086 

2,502 

2,345 

4,820 

4.,674 

4,883 

5,1::04 

5,090 

4,972 

4,694 

4,998 

4,938 

4,928 

$756 $1,001 

1,607 

1,495 

1,410 

1,543 

1,438 

1,439 

1,320 

1,305 

1,487 

1,552 

3,212 

3,179 

3,473 

3,611 

3,652 

3,532 

3,374 

3,693 

3,4.51 

3,376 

883 1,036 

915 1,065 

877 l ,031 

874 1,022 

912 1,042 

902 1,026 

982 1,096 

1,052 1,165 

1,235 1,325 

$959 

... 1,038 

1,016 

"' 1,009 

1,004 "' 

1,104 

1,235 

"" ,., 

"' '" "' "' '" ,,. 

1,034 

1,235 

$1' 189 

1,147 

1,2{11 

1,194 

1,165 

1,135 

1,066 

1,137 

1,231 

1,303 

'"'' 

1,011 '" 

,., 

,., 

1,004 

1,009 

1,081 

1,135 

1,334 

Aggregate 

laillionsl 

$9,426 

8,449 

8,977 

9,339 

9,486 

8,613 

9,146 

10,094 

15,081 

16,591 

$4,910 

4,348 

4,868 

5,221 

5,::009 

5,016 

::0,384 

6,394 

10,153 

12,102 

$4,516 

4,100 

4,111 

4,114 

3,975 

3,597 

3, 7::09 

3, 701 

4,935 

4,493 

$4,825 

4,839 

5,2{12 

5,313 

5,202 

5,181 

4,818 

5,480 

5, 754 

6,529 

$1,911 

1, 716 

1,693 

1,842 

1,676 

1",633 

1,408 

1,485 

1,830 

2,022 

$2,913 

3,124 

3,511 

3,470 

3,530 

3,547 

3,403 

3,992 

3,917 

4,503 

Number 

(thousands) 

3,482 

3,219 

3,441 

3, 751 

3, 708 

3,::075 

3,616 

4,056 

5,466 

6,185 

2,185 

2,029 

2,306 

2,560 

2,606 

2,506 

2,595 

3,019 

4,275 

4,952 

1,297 

1,190 

1,135 

1,191 

1,102 

1,069 

1,021 

1,037 

1,191 

1,233 

3,773 

3, 730 

3,935 

4,214 

4,161 

4,036 

3,849 

4,132 

4,089 

4,041 

1 ,2{10 

1,091 

1,022 

1,167 

1,091 

1,083 

'·""' 

1,158 "' 

1,158 

2,573 

2,639 

2,913 

3,047 

3,070 

2,953 

2,849 

3,147 

2,931 

2,883 

White 

Inc0111e deficit 

Median 

$1,414 

1,278 

1,327 

1,301 

1,303 

1,213 

1,286 

1,215 

1,4.60 

1,469 

$1,319 

1,183 

1,257 

1,181 

1,215 

1,131 

1,160 

1,102 

1,337 

1,379 

$1,548 

1,446 

1,463 

1,564 

1,546 

1,460 

1,667 

1,587 

2,057 

1,835 

Mean 

$1,772 

1,677 

1,689 

1, 712 

1,698 

1,606 

1,693 

1,650 

1,832 

1,827 

$1,7::01 

1,609 

1,650 

1,609 

1,626 

1,517 

1,554 

1,552 

1,697 

1, 724 

$1,807 

1 '791 

1, 768 

1,940 

1,872 

1,813 

2,051 

1,934 

2,315 

2,242 

$738 $979 

850 1,001 

888 . 1,042 

648 1,009 

841 998 

866 1,018 

873 1,008 

965 1,076 

1,015 1,134 

1,200 1,309 

$937 

1,021 "" 

1,001 ,,. 

''" "" 

1,052 '" 

1,191 

"" '" 

·~ '"' '"' "' ,,. 

1,003 '" 

1,202 

$1,162 

1,091 

1,178 

1,188 

1,140 

1,086 

1,049 

1,113 

1,200 

1,289 

.... 

'" 

... '" 

'" '"' 1,064 '" 

1,109 

1,318 

Aggregate 

(Oitllion&) 

$6,170 

5,398 

5,811 

6,423 

6,295 

5, 740 

6,123 

6,693 

10,014 

11,298 

$3,826 

3,265 

3,805 

4,119 

4,237 

3,802 

4,032 

4,687 

7,253 

8,539 

$2,344 

2,132 

2,006 

2,310 

2,063 

1,939 

2,094 

2,005 

2, 756 

2, 764 

$3,694 

3, 733 

4,100 

4,251 

4,151 

4,107 

3,878 

4,448 

4,637 

5,291 

$1,394 

1,190 

1,204 

1,387 

1,243 

1,176 

1,049 

1,096 

1,389 

1,494 

$2,300 

2,545 

2,893 

2,867 

2,906 

2,923 

2,830 

3,349 

3,249 

3,801 

Jtumber 

(tb.ouaanda) 

1,530 

1,527 

1,529 

1,484 

1,481 

1,366 

1,366 

1,555 

(M) 

(M) 

·~ "' "' 

... "' 

'" '" 

(NA) "'

'"'' 

1,024 ,,. 

"' "' ,,. 

"' "'' 

(NAl "' 

(NA) 

'" "' "" "' '" 

·~ m 

(!fA) '"'

(!fA) 

"' "' '" ,,. 

'"' '"' '" 

(IIA) "' 

(M) 

"' >00 

'" '" "" "' '" 

(IIA) "" 

(KA) 

'Beginning with the Maro:h 1970 CPS, data based on 1970 <:ensus population <:ontrola; see text tor explanation. 

Negro 

lncc.e deficit 

Median 

$1., 747 

1,604 

1,650 

1,511 

1,670 

1,679 

1 '762 

1,833 

(MA) 

(MA) 

$1,638 

1,488 

1,341 

1,303 

1,407 

1,423 

1,551 

1,623 

(M) 

(M) 

$1,813 

1,679 

1,850 

1,699 

1,894 

1,857 

2,027 

2,037 

(MA) 

(MAl 

"" '" 98.2 

1,022 

1,021 

1,100 

1,044 '" 

(MA) 

(MAl 

$985 

1,005 "' 

1,064 

1,150 

1,218 ,., 

1,026 

{MAl 

{!lA) 

$713 

... 

"' '" ,,. 

1,029 

1,005 

1,056 

(NA) 

(AA) 

~·· 

$2,005 

1,939 '·""' 

1,875 

2,056 

2,015 

2,061 

2,113 

(MAl 

(MA) 

$1,853 

1, 798 

1, 744 

1, 712 

1,811 

1,801 

1,869 

1,950 

{NAl 

{MA) 

$2,080 

1,957 

2,050 

1,986 

2,246 

2,198 

2,240 

2,301 

(lfAl 

(lfA) 

$1,068 

1,084 

1,105 

1,120 

1,125 

1,151 

1,076 

1,185 

{lfA) 

{!fA) 

$1,286 

1,137 

1,176 

1,22::0 

1,243 

1,284 

1,074 

1,220 

(MA) 

(MAl 

$945 

1,050 

1,061 

1,059 

1,062 

1,075 

1,078 

1,166 

{!fA) 

{MAl 

Aggregate 

(alllionsl 

$3,068 

2,901 

2,964 

2, 783 

3,045 

2, 753 

2,815 

3,286 

{MA) 

(MA) 

$938 

,,. 

1,036 "' 

1,174. 

1,133 

1,233 

1,636 

(MAl 

(MAl 

$2,130 

1.992 '·"" 

1, 746 

1,873 

1,62{1 

1,581 

1,648 

(MA) 

(MAl 

$1,026 

... ,., 

"" '" "' "' 

(MA) '" 

'"" 

'"' "' '" '" "' '" '"' , .. (MAl 

(MAl 

"" "' '" ,. 

"' '" ,,. 

(NA) "' 

(MA) 

Note: The distribution of size ot in<:a.e def1<:1t in 1974 for taJ01Ues <:an be tound in table 40 and for unrelated 1nd1viduale tn table 41. 
•-,~·: :f .. 

Table 6. Age--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Sex, and Race 

(Numbers in thousands. Persona as of March 1975) 

Age and sex of persons 

BOTH SEXES 

Total ...•..••.••....••.•..••..••••...• 

Under 3 years ..•..•••••••••••.••••.••••.•••• 

3~5-~ .............................. . 

6 to 13 years •.•••••.••••.•.••••.••••••••••• 

14 and 15 years ...••••.••.• _ •••.•.••.•••••••• 

16 to 21 years ••••••••••.•••••.••••••••••••• 

22 to 44 years ••••••••••••••.••.••••.••••••• 

45 to 54 years .•••.•••••••••••.••••.•••••••. 

55 to 59 years .••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

60 to 64 yearB .••••.••••.•••••••••.••••••••• 

65 yearB and over ..•••••.•.••••••••••••••••• 

Median age •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•• 

5 to 17 years, total •••••••••••••••••• 

Related children 5 to 17 years •••••••••••••• 

Total ••••••••••••••• ; •••••••••••••••.• 

Under 3 years ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

3 to 5 years •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

6 to 13 years ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

14 and 15 years •••• • ••••••••••••••••• • •••• •. 

16 to 21 years •••••••••••••••••••••.•••. • •••• 

22 to 44 years •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

45 to 54 years •••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

55 to 59 years .•••••••••.•••••••••••.•••••.• 

60 to 64 yeara •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

65 years and over •••••••••••••••• ••• •••••••• 

Median age ••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Total ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Under 3 years •••••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••• 

3~5-~ ............. ~ ................ . 

6 to 13 years •••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

14 and 15 years ••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••. 

16 to 21 years ••••••••.•••.••.••••••••••.••• 

22 to 44 years .••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

45 to 54 years •••••••••.••••.••••••••••••••• 

55 to S9 years ••••••••••••••••.••••••.•••••• 

60 to 64 years ••••••••.•••••••.•••.••••••••• 

65 years and over •••..•••••••••••••••••••••• 

Median age •••••••••••••••.•••••••••• • ••••••• 

X Not applicable. 

Total 

209,343 

9, 159 

10,293 

29,944 

8,434 

23,944 

63,371 

23,586 

10,362 

9,124 

21,127 

30.3 

49,947 

49,798 

. 101,523 

4,681 

5,256 

15,263 

4,262 

11,821 

30,971 

n, 366 

4,931 

4,250 

8, 722 

29.0 

107,743 

4,477 

5,038 

14,683 

4,093 

12,123 

32,400 

12,220 

5,431 

4,874 

12,404 

. 31.6 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

24,260 

1, 593 

1, 701 

4,834 

1,192 

2' 953 

5, 192 

1,645 

920 

917 

3,308 

21".7 

7,656 

7,524 

to, 313 

"1 

892 

2,463 

556 

1,336 

1,893 

616 

343 

"0 

1,033 

17.9 

13,881 

"' 808 

2,372 

569 

1, 619 

3,300 

1,029 

582 

566 

2,275 

27.7 

total 

11.6 

17.4 

16.5" 

16.1 

14.1 

12.3 

8,2 

7.0 

8.9 

10 ."1 15.7 

(X) 

15.3 

15.1 

10.2 

11.8 

17.0 

16.1 

13.0 

11.3 

6,1 

5,4 

7,0 

8,2 

11.8 

(x) 

12.9 

17 .o 16.0 

16.2 

13.9 

13.4 

10.2 

8,4 

10.7 

11.6 

18.3 

(X) 

Total 

182,355 

7,624 

8,575 

25, 189 

7,142 

20,512 

55,439 

21,045 

9,380 

8,243 

19,206 

31.2 

42, us 41,998 

88,809 

3,906 

4,392 

12,872 

3,624 

10, 193 

27,410 

10,194 

4,477 

3,848 

11893 

29.9 

93,488 

3, 718 

4,182 

12,314 

3,462 

10,319 

28,030 

10,851 

4,903 

4,396 

11,313 

32.5 

Whi te 1 

Below lrnv-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

16,310 

1,020 

1, 061 

2,921 

707 

1,822 

3,640 

1, 102 

704 

692 

2,642 

25.9 

4,585 

4,482 

6,957 

538 

571 

1,506 

326 

801 

1,449 

434 

267 

268 

797 

20.0 

9,303 

482 

492 

1,411 

335 

1,020 

2' 190 

668 

436 

424 

1,845 

31.6 

total 

8,9 

13 .4 

12.4 

11.6 

9.9 

8,9 

6.6 

5,2 

7.5 

8,4 

13.8 

(X) 

10.9 

10.7 

7,8 

13.8 

13.0 

11.7 

9.0 

7,9 

5,3 

4,3 

6.0 

7,0 

10.1 

(x) 

10.0 

13.0 

u.s 

u.s 

9,7 

9,9 

7,8 

6.2 

8,9 

9,6 

16.3 

(x) 

Total 

23,705 

1,364 

1, 533 

4,251 

1, 164 

3,079 

6,687 

2,218 

866 

819 

1, 722. 

23.6 

7,026 

6,998 

11,093 

687 

762 

2,143 

575 

1,448 

2,966 

1, 017 

"8 

379 

728 

21.7 

12,592 

677 

171 

2,109 

569 

1, 630 

3, 722 

1,201 

479 

439 

995 

25.3 

35 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

7,456 

544 

604 

1,811 

461 

1,069 

1,409 

506 

203 

217 

626 

17.7 

2,927 

2,901 

3,081 

276 

298 

901 

216 

496 

370 

165 

70 

80 

209 

14.6 

4, 353 

268 

305 

913 

227 

573 

1,039 

341 

134 

136 

417 

20.9 

total 

31.5 

39.9 

39.4 

42.8 

39.6 

34.7 

21.1 

22.8 

23.5 

26.5 

36.4 

(X) 

41.7 

41.5 

27 .s 

40.2 

39.1 

42.0 

37.6 

34.3 

12.5 

16.2 

18.0 

21.1 

28.7 

(X) 

34.6 

39.6 

39.6 

43.3 

39.9 

35.2 

27.9 

28.4 

28.0 

31.0 

41.9 

(X) 

'The data on persons by race in tables 6, 10-15, 45 and 46 differ fr0111 thOBe tn other tables of this report where persons are classified by race of the family head. 2Excludes family heads and spouses 14 and 15 years old. 
36 

Table 7. Farm-Nonfarm Residence--Persons by Low-Income Status_in 1974, Family Status, and Sex 

Farm-nonfarm residence, fa.m1ly status, 

and sex of head 

UNITED STATES 

All Persons 

Total •..•• ,,,, ..••••.••• ,,,,,,, •..•• ,. 

65 years and over ••••.•• ,.,,,,,,., •• 

In families •••••••••• , ••.•.. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Head,,,,, •••••.••.• ,.,, •• • •.••.•••.•• ,, ,. • 

Related children under 18 years ...... ,, •• , 

Related children under 6 years •.. ,.,,,,, 

Other falliily members., •.• ,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Unrelated individuals ••.••••.• ,,,,,,.,,., ••• 

65 years and over •••••.••.••••• , •••••• 

Male ..................................... . 

Female •••.•.•••••• , •••••••••••• ,, ••••••••• 

65 years and over. , , ••••••••••••• , , • , • 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

Total ••••••••.•••••••••••••••.•••••••• 

65 years and over •. ···· •••••••.••••• 

Head ••••••• , •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years ... ,; .. , .. .,, 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••••• 

Other fa,.ily .. embers •. , ............. , ...... . 

Persons in Families With Female Head 

Total •• , •• ,., •• , .•• ,.,.,· •••••• ,, ••••.• 

65 years and over •••••••• , •••••••••• 

Head, •••••••••••••••••.•.•••••••• · ••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years •••• ,,,,,,,. 

Other family lllellberJ<, ....... , , , , .•• , ...... , , 

NONFARll 

All Persons 

Total .• ,,,,., ••• ,,,,, •••.•• ,,,,, ••••• , 

65 years and over, , , , •••• , , , , , , , , ••• 

In families ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,. 

Head, ••••• •• • • • • •• • · • •• • • • •· • •• • •• • •• • · • •• Related children under 18 years ••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years,,,,,,,, •• 

Other f._ily llembers.," .. , ...... , .. , .. , •• 

Unrelated individuals •. ,,,,, •••• ,,,,,, ••• ,,, 

65 years and over ................... .. 

~le ••.••••••••••.••••••••••••.••.•••••••• 

Female ••••.•• , •• , ••••.•••••••.•••••••••••• 

65 years and over,, ••••••••••••••••• ,. 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

Total ••••• , ••••.•••••••••••••••••••••• 

65 years and over .................. . 

Head •••.•• , •••••••••••••• ••••• • •• • •·• •• • •• •• Related children under 18 year~< ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years ••• ,,,, ••.• ,, 

Other family ...,mbers,,, •.••. ,,,,.,, ••• ,,,,,, 

Persons in Families With Female Head 

Total •. ,, •••••• , •• , •••••• ,,,, •••••• ,., 

65 years and over ................. .. 

Head ••••••••••..•• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years •. ,,,,,, ••••• 

Related children under 6 years.,.,,,,,, .•• 

Other family members ...... , ....... , .. , ..... . 

See footnote at end of table. 

and Race of Head • -,. 

(MUIIIbers in thousands, Person9 as of March .1975) 

Total 

209,343 

21 ,127 

190,471 

55' 712 

65,802 

19,451 

68,957 

18,872 

6,502 

7,890 

10,981 

5,047 

167,227 

12,842 

48,470 

55,345 

16,592 

63,412 

23,245 

l '784 

7,242 

10,458 

2,859 

5,545 

200,282 

20,086 

181.787 

53,314 

62,938 

18,816 

65,~4 

18,495 

6,287 

7,706 

10,789 

4,913 

158,913 

12 ,073 

46,176 

52,578 

15,967 

60,158 

22,875 

1. 7'26 

7,138 

10,361 

2,850 

5,376 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

24,260 

3,308 

19,440 

5,109 

10,196 

3,294 

4,135 

4,820 

2,065 

1,607 

3,212 

1,675 

10,877 

1,035 

2. 757 

4,809 

1,540 

3,310 

8,563 

208 

2,351 

5,387 

1, 754 

825 

22' 764 

3,131 

18,060 

4, 768 

9,587 

3,115 

3, 705 

4 '704 

1 ,997 

1 ,562 

3,142 

1,630 

9,605 

9" 

2,441 

4,249 

1,367 

2,914 

8,455 

>98 

2,327 

5,337 

1, 748 

"' 

total 

11.6 

15,7 

10.2 

9.2 

15,5 

16,9 

o.o 

25.5 

31.8 

20.4 

29.3 

33.2 

'.5 

'-' 

8.' '"' 

9.3 

5.2 

36.8 

11,7 

32.5 

51.5 

61.4 

14.9 

11 ,4 

15,6 

9.9 

8.9 

15,2 

16.6 

5., 

25.4 

31.8 

20.3 

29.1 

33,2 

o.o 

'"' 5.3 

8., 

8.0 

•• 8 

37,0 

11.5 

32.6 

51.5 

61.3 

14.7 

Total 

182 ,363 

19,206 

166,111 

49,451 

55,348 

16,226 

61,312 

16,252 

5,874 

6,544 

9, 708 

4,641 

150,632 

11 ,896 

44,238 

49,054 

14,596 

57,340 

15,480 

1,436 

5,212 

6,294 

1 ,630 

3,973 

173,913 

18,215 

157,999 

47,166 

52' 750 

15,661 

58,083 

15,914 

5,677 

6,378 

9,536 

4,518 

142,827 

11,152 

42,045 

46,538 

14,039 

54,244 

15,172 

1,386 

5,121 

6 ,213 

1 ,622 

3,838 

"White .· .. • 

·~low tow-i,.;come 

level 

Percent 

NUmber of 

total 

16,290 8.9 

2,642 

12,517 

·r 3,482 

6,180 

.. ,<[ . .' 1~ :: 

'2 ,089 

2,855 

3. 773 

1,697 

, 1,200 1 _ '2,573 

1,,405 

> •• ; 

8,238 .., 

2,185 

3,500 

1 ,157 

2,553 

4,279 

'00 

1,297 

2,680 

933 

302 

15,098 

• 2·,493 

11 ,416 

3,193 

5, 716 

1,957 

2,507 

'3 ,683 

1';642 

'1,161 

2,522 

1,371 

7' 198 

"":1·,911 "' 

·3,07'2 

·1·;028 

2 ;~15 

4,218 

1,.,282 "

2,644 

" 929 

292 

'·0 

11.2 

12.9 

.., 

23.2 

28,9 

18,3 

26.5 

30.3 

5.5 

'-' 

•• 9 

'·' '.9 

•• 5 

27,6 

,_, 

24,9 

42.6 

57.2 

'·' 

.., 

13.7 

'-2 

'-8 

10.8 

12.5 

'.3 

23.1 

28.9 

18.2 

26.4 

30.3 

5.0 

o.8 

'-' 

'·' '"' .., 

27.8 

;_ 7.0 

.)!;:~ ~57 .2 

,_, 

Total 

23.788 

1 '722 

21 ,440 

5,498 

9,376 

2,883 

6,567 

2 ,347 

1 ,1 "' 71 

1 ,176 

38' 

13,956 

82> 

3,558 

5,314 

1 ,676 

5,084 

7,485 

325 

1,940 

4,062 

1,207 

1.,483 

23,226 

1,672 

20,917 

5,396 

9,137 

2,822 

6,384 

2,309 

559 

1,154 

1,155 

"0 

13,495 

3,469 "" 

5,090 

1,617 

4,935 

7,422 

3" 

1 ,927 

. 4,046 

1,205 

1,449 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

7,467 

6,506 "' 

1,530 

3,819 

1 ,141 

1 ,157 

. 961 

3<9 

3S' 

"' 262 

2,320 

"5 

500 

1 ,151 

328 

"' 

4,186 

'03 

1 ,024 

2,668 

'" '" 

7,177 

598 

6,241 

1 ,481 

3,682 

1 ,097 

1,078 

935 

3" 

"' 59' 

2S' 

2,102 

'" 

1 ,028 '" 

28, 

oo' 

4,140 

99 

1 ,015 

2,654 

'" "' 

total 

31.4 

36,4 

30.3 

27.8 

40,7 

39.6 

17,6 

41 .0 

60.5 

29.9 

51 .9 

6R.8 

16.6 

21 .3 

14,2 

21.7 

19.6 

13,0 

55,9 

31.7 

52,8 

65,7 

67.3 

33,3 

30.9 

35.7 

29.8 

27.4 

40.3 

38,9 

16.9 

40.5 

60,2 

29.8 

51.2 

67,9 

15,6 

20.4 

13.4 

20.2 

17.7 

12.3 

55.8 

31.1 

52.7 

65.6 

67.3 

32.5 
... 

37 

Table 7. Farm-Nonfarm Residence--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974; Family Status, and Sex 

and Race of Head-Continued _, ' 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons B!> of March 1975) 

AU races White Negro 

Below low-inc0111e . · Below low_:income .. ,~ low-income 

Farm-nonfarm residence, family status, level level level 

.. , ... of """' Total Percent Total Percent Total Percent 

Number of Number of Number of 

total total total 

FARM 

AU Persons 

Total ..• ~ ••.••• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9,061 1,496 16.5 8,450 1,191 '14.1 562 290 51,6 

65 ,years .. , over .•• ,,,,., •••. ,,,,,. 1,041 "' 17.0 99< '46 15 .o 50 29 fB) 

'" families ••.••.• , •• ,,, .•.• , ••• ,, •.• ,,,,,,. 8,684 1,380 15.9 8,112 1,101 13.6 524 264 50.5 Head,., •••••. ,,,,,, •••.• ,,,,,,, •• ,,,,,,, •. 2,398 34' 14.2 2,284 290 12.7 <02 49 47,6 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••• 2,864 609 21.3 2,598 463 17.8 239 "' 57,3 

Related children ·under • years,,, ..... ,, 635 179 28.2 565 132' 23,5 61 ., Other family members .... , ................. . 3,422 430 12.6 3,230 348' 10.8 163 79 43.1 '" Unrelated individual~>,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 376 116 30,8 336 90 26,6 36 26 '" " years ""' over ..................... 215 66 31.5 196 55 28,1 " 12 (B) 

Male,,,,,, .••• ,,,,,, ••.••• ,,,,., .••• • • • • •, 164 46 24,9 166 39 23.6 16 (B) 

Female •••••••• ,., •• , •••••••••••••••• ,.,.,. 192 70 36,3 172 "' 29.5 20 19 (B) 

" years ""' over ••• ,,,,,,, •• , •• ,,,.,, 134 45 33,9 123 34 

:-: : 28 .1, u u (B) 

Persons in Families With Male Head \ 

Total •••••••••• , •••••••••• ,, •••• ,, •••. 8,314 1,272 15,3 7,805 1,040 13.3 461 216 47,3 

65 years and over •• , ••••• , ••••••• , •• 769 99 12,9 744 " . ::u. 7 25 12 (B) 

h~ •••••••..••••••••....••••••••••..••••••• 2,294 316 13,8 2,193 274 ·: 12.5 69 40 44.7 

Related children under 1B years •• , •••••• , ••• 2. 767 560 20.2 2,516 428 117,0 223 123 55.0 

Related children under 6 years •••••• ,, •••• 626 172 27,6 557 "' :23.0 59 " (B) 

Other family otembers., ............ ,,,,,, .. ,. 3,254 396 12.2 3,095 "' ~ 10,9 146 55 37.3 

Persona '" Flllllilies With Fe,.ale Head 

Total, ••••••••• ,,.,: •••••• ,, •• , ••••• ,, 370 f06 29.1 307 61 ,. 20.0 63 " '" 6> year" .. , over •••••..•.•.•••••..• " fO (B) 50 6 (B) 7 5 (B) 

Head,,,,,, •••• ,,, ••• ••••••• ,, ,,. •··•·,,,,, ,, 104 25 23.6 " f6 17.3 13 9 

Related children under 16 years ••••••••••••• 97 50 51,0 '"' " " 43.4 15 14 (B) 

Related children under 6 years ••••••••••• , 10 6 (B) 6 4 I (B) 2 2 (B) 

Other family members ••••• , •••••••••••••.•••• 169 34 19.9 135 10 7.6 34 23 (B) 

B Base less "'"" 75,000. 

,, 

·- -~· 

. ~· ... · 
38 

Table 8. Metropolitan-Non metropolitan Residence and Region--Persons by Low·lncome Status in 1974, 

Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thou&ands. Persons ., of March 1975) 

Ali races• White Negro 

Below low-income Below low-incocqe ""'~ low-1nc0111e 

Residence. region, •nd family level status level level 

Total Percent Total Percent Total percent Number of Number of Number or 

total total total 

ALL PERSONS 

United States 

Total 

Total..,,.,.,,.,., .......•...•• ,, ... · • 209,343 24,260 11.6 182,363 16,290 ·6,9 23,788 7,467 31.4 65 years ""' over •••..••.•.••.••• , •• 21,127 3,308 15.7 19,206 2,642 13.8 1, 722 ,,. 36.4 

In families .•.••.••••••.••.•..••••.• ,, •••••• 190,471 19,440 10,2 166,111 12,517 7.5 21,440 6,506 30.3 

Head ••••••• , •• , ••••••••• ,., ••••• , ••••••••• 55,712 5,109 .., 49,451 3,482 7.0 5,498 1,530 27,8 

Reli.ted children under 18 years ••• ,, •••. • • 65,802 10,196 15,5 55,348 6,180 11.2 9,376 3,819 40,7 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••• 19,451 3,294 16,9 16,226 2,089 12,9 2,883 1,141 39,6 

Other family members,, • • ..•••.•. ,.,,,,,, • • 68,957 4,135 ,,0 61,312 2,855 4.7 6,567 1,157 l7,6 

Unrelated individuals •••..••••••••••.••••••• 18,872 4,820 25,5 16,252 3,773 23,2 2,347 9<;I 41,0 

Male •••••••••.•.••••••••••••.••.•••••• , ••• 7,890 1,607 20.4 6,544 1,200 18.3 1,171 351 29.9 

Female ••••.••.•••• , •••• , •.•••••••• , •• , •• ,. 10,981 3,212 29,3 9,708 2,573 26.5 1,176 "' 51,9 

North ond West 

Total •••••••••••••• •• •••••• • • • • •• ••• • • 142,418 13,499 9.5 128,457 10,165 7.9 11,282 2,946 26,1 

In families •••• ,, •••••••••••• , •••••• ,, •••••• 128,990 10,428 8.I 116,486 7,598 •• 5 10,043 2,503 24.9 

Res d •••••••••.•••••••• •••••• ••••• • • • • · • • •• 37,613 2,790 7.4 34,303 2,106 '"' 2,669 007 22.7 

Related children under 18 years ........... 44,289 5,627 12.7 39,016 3,908 10,0 4,374 1,566 35,8 

Related children under ' year8., ........ 12,932 1,914 14,8 11,288 1,359 12,0 1,367 .. , 37.1 

Other fa111i ly members, , •••••••••••••••••••• 47,088 2,012 4.3 43,166 1,584 3.7 3,000 329 11.0 

Unrelated individuals •••••••••••••••••••••.• 13,428 3,071 22,9 11,971 2,567 21.4 1,239 443 35,7 

Male.; ••••••• ,, ••••.•••• , •••••.•••••••• , •• 5,614 1,071 19.1 4,863 802 17,7 023 I73 27.8 Female •••••••.••••• , •.•••••••••• ,, ••• , ••• , 7' 814 2,000 "·' 7' 108 1, 704 24.0 '" "9 43.8 

South 

Total ••••.••.•••••••••.••••••••••••• • • 66,925 10,761 16.1 53,907 6,125 11.4 12,505 4,52>1 36.2 

In families., ....... ,, ...... ,,,, ............ 61,481 9,012 14.7 49,625 4,919 9,9 11,397 4,003 35,1 Head ••••••• , ••••••••••• , •• , ••••.••••• , •••. 18,099 2,319 12,8 15,147 1,376 9.1 2,829 "2 32,6 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••• 21,513 4,569 21,2 16,332 2,271 13,9 5,002 2,253 45,0 

Related children undei 6 years •••••••••• 6,520 1,380 21.2 4,938 73<> 14.8 1,516 "4 41.8 

Other family members, ............ .' ........ 21,869 2,123 9,7 18,146 1,271 7.0 3,567 828 23,2 

Unrelated individuals •••.••••••••••••••••••• 5,444 1, 749 32.1 4,281 1,206 2s;2 1,108 518 46.8 Male •••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2,276 5" 2U 1,681 337 20,1 5'" 177 32.4 Female ••••• ,.,, •••• , ••• ,, •••• ,, •••• , ••• ,,. 3,168 1, 213 38.3 2,000 "'9 33,4 "0 341 60,9 

Metropolitan Areas 

Total 

Total •••• ,,., •••••••••••••.••••••••• • • 142,399 14,588 10.2 121,814 9,232 '"' 17,878 4,985 27.9 

" yean ond over •••••••••••• , •••••• 13,429 1,743 13,0 12,079 1,356 11,2 1,174 347 29.5 

In families ••.•••••••••••••• , •••••• , •••••• ,, 126,688 11,491 8.9 110,229 6,889 '"' 15,984 4,304 ... 9 

Head •••• , ••••.•••••••••••• _..,, ••••••••••• , 37' 741 3,073 8,I 32,_850 1,941 5.9 4,240 1,060 25,0 

Related children under 18 years ••• , .... , .. 44,075 6,259 14,2 36,257 3,537 9.8 6,928 2,591 37,4 

Related children under 6 years., ........ 13,120 2,.073 15.8 10,691 1,243 11,6 2,151 7" 36.6 

Other fa111i ly uembers •••••••..••••••• , , •••• 46,872 2,159 ... 41,123 1,411 3.4 4,816 "4 13,6 

Unrelated individuals •••••.••••••••••••••••• 13,711 3,097 22.6 11,584 2,344 2<>.2 1,893 '"' 36,0 

Male ...................................... 5,871 1,072 18,3 4,755 782 16,5 9<;0 242 25.2 Female •••••• , ••••••••••• ,, •••••••••••• ,, •• 7,840 2,025 25.8 6,830 1,561 22.9 933 439 47.1 

North and West 

Total ................................. 104,651 9,644 9.2 91,618 6,558 7.2 10,629 2, 751 25.9 In familie&,,,, ..... ,,,,,., •• ,,,,,,,,,, .••• , 94,371 7,459 7,9 82,664 4,811 5.8 9,485 2,361 24.9 Head •••••• , •••• , •••••••••••••••••• , •••• , •• 27,548 2,015 7.3 24,427 1,364 '"' 2,546 584 22.9 Related childten under 18 yeat'& ..... , •••.• 32,148 4,126 12.8 27,231 2,519 9.3 4,111 1,477 35,9 Related childt'en under ' year& ••••.••••• 9,496 1,430 15.1 7,952 897 11,3 1,300 493 37,9 

Other family members ••.••••••••••.••.••••• 34,675 1,319 3.8 31,006 "' 3.0 2,829 300 10,6 

Unrelated individual&,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,., 10,280 2,186 21.3 8,954 1, 748 19,5 1,144 390 34.1 Male ...................................... 4,328 7" 17.6 3,656 "' 16.3 "' I41 25.2 Female ••••••••••••••• , •••••••.••••• , •• ,, •• 5,952 1,423 23.9 5,298 1,153 21,8 51<3 248 42.7 

••• footnote at end of table. 
39 

Table 8. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head--{;ontinued 

(Numbers '" thousands, Persons " of March 1975) 

AU races White Negro 

Below low-incOille ... ~ low-incOille ""'~ low-income Level level level Residence, region, ood family status 

Total Percent Total Percent Total Percent 

Number of Number of Number of total total total 

ALL 1'EitSONS--Continued 

Metropqlltan Areas--Continued 

South 

Total, •. .,.,,., ••..•••••.•••••..••••• , 37' 748 4, 944 13,1 30,195 2,674 ... 7,249 2, 234 30.8 1o families, •.•. ,,, .. ,,, ... ,,, .... ,,, .. ,,,,, 34,317 4,032 11.7 27,565 2,078 '·5 6,499 1, 942 29.9 Head., •• , •••• ,,,,.,,,, •• ,,, •• ,,,, •• ,,,, •• , 10,193 1,058 10.4 8,423 "' 6.9 1,695 "' 28.1 Related chi ldr•n under 18 years .••••• •• ••• 11,927 2,133 17.9 9,025 1,018 11.3 2, 817 1,113 39.5 Related children under 6 years •••••••••• 3,623 643 17.7 2, 739 "' 12.7 '" 294 34.5 Other family lllsmbers •••• ,, ••• ; ••••••••••.• 12,197 "" 6.8 10,117 <83 '·' 1,988 353 17.8 Unrelated indivl-4uals ••••••••••••••••• •• • •• • 3,431 912 26.6 2,630 596 22.7 H9 "' 38,9 ~le •••••••••••.•••••••••••••••.••••.••••• 1,543 310 20.1 1,099 "' 17,0 399 "' 25.2 Female ••••• , ••••••• ,, •.• ,, •.• , •• , •••• ,., •• 1,888 602 31.9 1,531 <09 26.7 35> 181 54,4 

lnUd"' Central Cities 

Total 

Total ................................. 61,155 8,796 14.4 45,923 4,510 '·' 13,787 4,088 29.6 65 years and over ••••.•• • • • • •• • • • • • • 6, 738 1,006 14,9 5, 700 "6 12,4 922 "' 30.2 

'" families.,., •••· •••• ,, , , ••• , , , ••• , , , ••••• 53,385 6,917 13.0 39,893 3,260 8.2 12,217 3,501 28.7 Head ••.•••••• ••.,.,, •• ,,, ••• ,,, •••• ,,, ••• , 16,012 1,827 11.4 12,388 92< ',5 3,271 ... 26.4 Related childr.n unde~: 18 years ..... , ..... 18,051 3,905 21.6 12,278 1, 705 13,9 5,370 2,138 39.8 Related children under 6 years., ••••••.• 5,727 1,317 23,0 3, 925 635 16,2 1,656 659 39.8 Other fSIIIily "'llbers ••••••••• , •••••••••••• 19,322 1,185 6.1 15,228 630 . ·'3,576 500 14.0. Unrelated individusla, •••••••••• •• •••• •• •• • • 7,769 1, 879 24.2 6,030 1,251 20.' 1,570 586 37,3 Male •••••••• •••·, •••••••••••••••••••• , •• , , 3,344 6" 20.< 2,432 ... 18,3 806 .ro 26.1 Female ••••••• ,,.,.,,, •• ,, ••• , •.••• , •••. ,,, 4,425 1,198 27.1 3,598 605 22,4 , .. "' 49.2 

.WOrth and West 

Total ••••• , •.• , ••• , •••• , •• ·• •••• ·• • • • • 43,377 5,833 13.4 33,736 3,282 '·' 8,347 2,369 28,4 1o families, •••••••.• ,,, .• ,, ••••• , .•••• ,, .•• 37,691 4,527 12.0 29,135 2,353 '·' 7,400 2,024 27,4 Head •.• , .... , ....... , .... ,; ... ,.~.,, ... ,, •• 11,303 1,205 10.7 8,989 6" ' .. 2,000 501 25,0 Related childr~~m under 18 years ••••••••••• 12,643 2,607 20.6 9,006 1, 273 14,1 3,266 1,274 39,0 Related chU4ren under 6 years •••••••••• 4,068 '" 22.8 2,906 "' 16.7 1,038 <20 40,5 Other family llltllftbers ...................... 13,744 "' 5.2 11,140 <13 3., 2,134 ,., 11.7 Unrelated i ndi v14ua ls., • , •••.••••••••• • • •••• 5,686 1,306 23.0 4,601 929 20.2 .. , Jol5 36.5 Hale •••••.••••• ,.,, •• ,, •••• , ••••• ,,, •• ,.,. 2,415 500 20.7 1,869 355 19,0 <66 "' "·6 " Female ....... , •• , ................. ,., ..... 3, 271 806 "·' 2,732 "' 21.0 "' "' 45.1 

South 

Total ••••••. , •• ,, •••••••• , ••••••• , •••• 17,778 2,963 16.7 12,187 1,228 10,1 5,440 1,718 31,6 

'" families •••• ,,, •••• , •••• ,,, •• , •• , ••••••• , 15,695 2,390 15.2 10,758 906 '·' 4,817 1,477 30,7 Head •••• , ••••. ,,.,, ••• ,, •• ,, ••• ,., .•••• ,,. 4, 708 622 13.2 3,399 2" ,,6 1, 271 363 28.6 Related childr<~n under 18 years ........... 5,409 1, 298 24.0 3,272 "' 13,2 2,104 ,.. 41.1 Related children under 6 years .......... 1,660 391 23.6 1,020 "' 14.8 618 238 38,6 Other family mtm~bers., •• ,., .... , .......... 5,578 .,0 '·' 4,087 218 5.3 1,443 250 17,3 Unrelated individ••llls, ••• ., ,, ••••• , •••• • • ••• 2,083 "' 27.5 1,429 322 22.5 623 :>11 38.6 

-~······································ 930 "' 19,5 563 91 16,2 3<0 82 24.0 Female ••••••••• , •• ,,, •• ,, ••••• , ••• ,,, •••• , 1,154 392 34.0 ... 231 26.7 283 "' 56,3 

Out a tole Central Cities 

Total 

Total ••••• , •.• , •••••••• , •• ·····-· 81,245 5, 792 . 7.1 75,891 4,722 6.2 4,091 ,,. 21.9 65 years ••nd over ••••••••••••• • •• • • • 6,691 "' u.o 6,378 650 10,2 252 68 26,9 In families., .• ,,., .• ,, .... , .... , ..... ,, .... 75,303 4,574 6.1 70,336 3,629 5. 2 3,767 802 21.3 Head •••• ,, .••••• , ••••••• , •••••• , ••. ,,, •••• 21,729 1,246 5., 20,462 1,017 •. o "' 196 20,2 Related childnn under 18 years •••••••••.• 26,024 2,354 9.< 23,979 1,832 ,,6 1,558 "' 29,0 Related children under 6 years ••••••• , •• 7,393 "' 10.2 6, 766 609 9.0 <95 "' 25,8 Other family mttmbers ••••••••••••••.• • • • •• • 27,549 9,. 3.5 25,896 '" 3.0 1, 240 1M 12.4 Unrelated individo,al!l, ,, • , , .• ,, • , . , ,, , ••• , , , 5,942 1, 218 20,5 5,555 1,093 19.7 324 " 29,4 Hale ...................................... 2,527 391 15,5 2,323 "' 14,5 "' 32 20,8 Female ... , ... , .. ,.,, ... ,,, .• ,,, .. , •• ,, .... 3,415 '" "·' 3, 232 "6 23,4 I89 63 37.3 

s •• footnote "' end of table. 
40 

Table 8. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

Residence, region, and family status 

ALL PERSONS--Continued 

Outside Central Cities--Continued 

Non:h and west 

Total ••••••• ,,,,,,, ••••.• , .•••.• ,,,,,, 

In families ..•.•••••••.... : ...•••••••••••..• 

H<:ad ••• , ••••••••••••••• , , ••••••••••••••• , , 

Related children under 18 years.,.,,,, ••.• 

Related children under 6 years ••.••••••. 

Other family members ••••••.•• ,,,,,,,,,,, •• 

Unrelated individuals,,,,, ••..•.•.. ,,,,,,.,, 

Male ..................................... . 

Female •••••••••• , •• , ••.••.••.•• , ••••••• , •• 

South 

Total ••••••.••.•.•••••• , •• , •.••••.•••• 

In familiea •••.••••••••••.••.••••••••••••••• 

Head •••••.••••••••••••••••••••••.• , •• , •••• 

Related children under 18 years •••••.••••• 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••• 

Other family members ............. , ....... . 

Unrelated individuals .............. ,., •• , ••• 

Male ••••••••••••••• , •••• , •••.•••••• , ••.••• 

Fet113le •••••••••• , ••••••••••••• , •• , • , •••••• 

NonmetropoUtan Areas 

Total 

Total ••••••••• ,., •••••.••••••• ,., ••.•• 

65 years and over .................. ~ 

In families ..................... ; .......... . 

Head ••••.•.•• ,.,., ••.•••••••••• , ••••.••.• , 

Related children under 18 years •••••.•..•• 

Related children under 6 years •. , •. ,,.,, 

Other family meD~bers .... , •••• , ... , • , ••.•• , 

Unrelated individuals ...................... . 

Male ••••• ,., •• , ••••••••• , •• , ••.•••••• , •••• 

Female ••••••••.•••• ,., ••••• · •••••••••••••• 

North and West 

Total ................................ . 

In families ••• , ••••. ,.,,,, .•••.•• , •••,, •.••. 

-d ........................ : ............ . Related children under 18 years ••••••••• ,, 

Related children under 6 years •••• ; ••••• 

Other family member a •••••••••••• , ••••••••• 

Unrelated individuals ••••••••.• -••••••••.•••• 

Male ..................................... . 

Female •••••••••.•••••••••• ·• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 

South 

Total •••• ,.,., ••••••• ,,,,,., •.•.• : .• ,, 

In families ................................ . 

Head ...................... ." .............. . 

Related children under 18 ycara. ,, , , , , , , •• 

Related children under 6 years .• , ••••• ,. 

Other family members ..................... . 

Unrelated individuals .•.••.•••••••.•.•.•••.• 

Hale •.•••.•• ,., •.••.•.•• ,., ••.••.•.• , •• ,,. 

Female •••••.••.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••• • 

See footnote at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Pel:"sons as of March 1975) 

Total 

61,275 

56,681 

16,245 

19,505 

5,429 

20' 931 

4,594 

1,913 

2,681 

19,970 

18,622 

5,484 

6,519 

1,96< 

6,619 

1, 348 

61< 

,. 

66,944 

7,698 

61,783 

17,971 

21,727 

6,331 

22,085 

5,160 

2,019 

3,141 

37,766 

34,618 

10,065 

12,141 

3,435 

12,413 

3,147 

1,286 

1,861 

29,177 

27,164 

7,907 

9,586 

2,896 

9,672 

2,013 

1,280 "' 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Nu111ber of 

3,811 

2, 931 

810 

1, 519 

603 ''" 

., 

,., 

"' 

1, 981 

1,642 

<36 

"' 2>1 

"' 339 

129 

210 

9,672 

1, 565 

7,949 

2,036 

3,937 

1, 221 

1,976 

1, 723 

,,. 

1,187 

3,855 

2,970 

1,501 "' 

.... 

693 

88, 

309 

"' 

5,817 

4,979 

1,261 

2,436 

738 

1,282 

837 

227 

610 

total 

6,, 

'-' 

,,0 

7.8 

9.3 

,,9 

19.1 

13,7 

23,0 

9.9 

8.8 

8.0 

12.8 

12.8 

'·6 

25,2 

20,9 

28.7 

14.4 

,.,3 

12,9 

11.3 

18.1 

19.3 

8.9 

33.4 

:!6.5 

31,8 

10.2 

8.6 

'-1 

12,4 

14,1 

,,6 

28.1 

24.0 

31,0 

19,9 

.18.3 

15,9 

25,4 

25.5 

13,3 

41.6 

30.9 

47,7 

Total 

57,882 

53,529 

15,438 

18,225 

5,046 

19,866 

4,353 

1, 1m 

2,566 

18,009 

16,807 

5,024 

5, 753 

1,719 

6,030 

1,201 

'36 

66, 

60,550 

1' 127 

55,882 

16,601 

19,092 

5,535 

20,189 

4,668 

1, 789 

2,878 

36,839 

33,822 

9,877 

11,785 

3,336 

12,160 

3,017 

1,207 

1, 810 

23,711 

22,060 

6, 724 

7,305 

2,199 

8,029 

1,651 ,., 

1,069 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,276 

2,457 

607 

1, 246 

"' '" 8" 

"0 

,. 

1,445 

1,172 

220 

,,. 

"6 ,6, 

"' 96 

178 

1,057 

1, 285 

5,628 

1,541 

2,643 

8<6 

1,445 

1,429 

... 1,011 

3,606 

2,787 

1,389 "'

'" 6,6 

8" 

,67 

"' 

3,451 

2, 841 

799 

1' 253 

383 

789 

6>0 

"0 

<60 

total 

'· 7 •• 6 

. ·' 6.8 

8,, 

2.6 

18.8 

13,4 

22,6 

8.0 

7.0 

6.< 

10.2 

11.4 

••• 

22,8 

18,0 

26.7 

11.7 

18,0 

10,1 

9.3 

13.8 

15.3 

7.2 

30.6 

23.3 

35,1 

9.8 

.., 

7,, 

11.8 

13.9 

27.1 '·' 

22.2 

30,5 

14.6 

12.9 

11.9 

17.2 

17.4 

9.8 

37,0 

25.8 

43.0 

Total 

2,282 

2,085 

'" ... ,,., 

69, 

197 

96 

10' 

1,808 

1,682 

'" 713 

'" '" "6 

" 67 

5,910 

5<8 

5,456 

1, 258 

2,448 

731 

1 '751 

"' "' "' 

6'3 

"' "' ,63 

67 

"' 9' 

6' 

33 

5,257 

4,898 

1' 134 

2,185 

1,579 '" 3" 

1<9 

210 

Negro 

Below low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

382 

337 

83 

203 

73 

" " 13 

22 

'6' "' 

"' 249 

>03 " 

'0 

" " 

2,482 

, .. 2, 202 

.,. 

1,229 

"' "'3 

280 

109 

"' 

19< 

'" 23 

89 

.. 

29 

22 " 

21 

2,288 

2,061 

'" 1,139 

3<0 

"' 2" 

"0 " 

total 

16,7 

16.2 

15.3 

24.1 

27.7 

7 ·' 22.6 

13,6 

31,1 

28.5 

27.6 

26.6 

34.9 

23.8 

18,9 

40.0 

(B) 

(B) 

42,0 

51.1 

40.4 

37.4 

50.2 

48.4 

28.8 

61.7 

51.4 

70.6 

29.7 

25.3 

18.7 

33.9 

(B) 

17 .o 55.7 

(B) 

(B) 

43,5 

42.1 

39.4 

52.1 

51.2 

30.0 

63,3 

51.4 

71.7 
41 

Table 8. Metropolitari·Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

·· ' Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

Rc.sidence, region, nnd (amitY status 

PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH MALE HEAD 

United States 

Total 

Total .. , .......... ,., ••.• , ••• ·;' .•••.•.• 

~ad.,.,.,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,, ••••••• ;,,,,,, 

Related children under 18 years •••.•..•••.•• 

Related children under 6 years .••••.•••••• 

Other family members •••••••.••••.••••.•••••• 

North and West 

Total.,,,, .. , ............ , ... ,, ...... . 

Head., •• , •• , •• , •.•.••••.•••• ,.,, ••• ,,., •.• ,. 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under- 6 years •••• ,.,.,, •• 

Other family me~~~bers., ••• ,, ••••.•••• ,., ••••• 

South 

Total ••••••.••• , •••••••••••• ,., •••• ,., 

Hesd .•.••••••••••••••••• ,., •••••••••••••• ,., 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years., .••••••••• 

Other family members •••• , ••••••• , ••••••••••• 

Metropolitan Areas 

Total 

Total. ......... ,., .............. , ... ,. 

Head, •••.••. , •.• ,,,, ••• ,,, •• , ••••••• ,., ••••• 

Related-children under 18 years .••••.•.•.••• 

Related children under 6 years ••••••.••••• 

Other family members., .. , .................. . 

North and West 

Total ••••• ,.,., ••• ,,.,., •••••. , ••• ,,,. 

Head •.•. ,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,, •••• , •. , •.•• , .•••• 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years ••••• , •••••• 

Other family members,,,,,,,.,, •• , •••• ,., •••• 

South 

Total •.••..••.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Head •• ,.,, ••••••• , •••••• ,., ••••••• ,., ••••••• 

Related children under 18 years .••••.••••••• 

Related children under 6 years •••••••• ,, •• 

Other family members ......... ,,,,,.,.,,,,,,. 

Inside Central Cities 

Total 

Total .••••••••.••••••.•••••••• ; ••.•.•• 

Head •.• ,,.,,.,, ... ,., .... , ........... :., ... , 

Related children under 18 years ••••.•.••••.• 

Related children under 6 years ••••••..•.. , 

Other family members •.•.•..• ,, .. ,,,,, .... ,,, 

See footnote at end of table . 

... · 

(;umbers in thousands, Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

167' 227 

48,470 

55,345 

16,592 

63,412 

113,987 

32,810 

37' 728 

11,097 

43,449 

53,240 

15,660 

17,616 

5,495 

19,963 

111,610 

32,373 

36,394 

10,994 

42,843 

82,115 

23,659 

26,741 

7,970 

31,715 

29,495 

8, 714 

9,653 

3,024 

11,128 

43,182 

12,876 

13,247 

4,310 

17,059 

All races 

Below low-income 

Level 

Percent 

Nuni.ber of 

10,877 

2, 757 

4,809 

1, 540 

3,310 

5,508 

1,388 

2,484 

"8 

1,635 

5,369 

1,369 

2,325 

1,675 "' 

5,290 

1,363 

2, 296 

1,631 "' 

3,322 

8" 

1,449 

486 

1,016 

1,968 

506 

8" 

,,. 

"' 

2,678 

1 '168 "' 

<16 

., 

total 

6.5 

5.' 

8.' 

9.3 

5.2 

4.8 

4.2 

6.6 

'·2 

3. 8 

10,1 

8,, 

13.2 

13,5 

8.4 

.., 

4.2 

6.3 

'.1 

3.8 

4.0 

3.6 

5.4 

6.1 

3.2 

6,, 

5.8 

8,8 

9.6 

5.5 

6.2 

5.4 

8.8 

9,, 

4.8 

Total 

150,632 

44,238 

49,054 

14,596 

57,340 

105,447 

30,563 

34,594 

10,108 

40,290 

45,185 

13,675 

14,460 

4,488 

17,050 

99,275 

29;117 

31,887 

9, 541 

38,271 

74,266 

21,572 

23,918 

7,067 

28, 'Z76 

25,008 

7' 545 

7,969 

2,474 

9,494 

34,655 

10,587 

10,200 

3,328 

13,868 

White 

Delow·low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

8, 238 

2,185 

3,500 

1,157 

2,553 

4,613 

1,188 

2,031 

6>0 

1,394 

3,624 

"6 

1,469 

486 

1,159 

3,941 

1,044 

1,669 

1,228 '"' 

2,549 

1,080 "' 

"' "3 

1,392 

368 

589 

216 

"' 

1, 747 

"' H1 

298 

535 

total 

5,5 

4. 9 

>.1 

,,9 

4.5 

4.4 

3.9 

5.9 

6.6 

3.5 

8.0 

,,3 

10,2 

10.8 

6,8 

4.0 

3.6 

5. 2 

6.1 

3.2 

3,4 

3.1 

4.5 

5.2 

2.8 

5.6 

4.9 

'.4 

8,, 

4.6 

5,0 

4.5 

'·3 

9.0 

3.9 

Total 

13,956 

3,558 

5,314 

1,676 

5,084 

6,331 

1,684 

2,329 

>34 

2,318 

7,625 

1,874 

2, 985 

942 

2, 765 

10,091 

2,675 

3, 701 

1,189 

3,716 

5,857 

1,581 

2,102 

2,175 "' 

4,234 

1,094 

1,599 

1,541 "' 

7,397 

1,983 

2,695 

844 

2, 719 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,320 

506 

1,151 

328 

663 

653 

148 

"' 88 

16> 

1,667 

"' 814 

240 

496 

1,121 

268 

525 

150 

328 

"' 135 

2>0 

'8 

152 

564 

132 

256 

80> 

192 

382 

95 

232 

total 

16,6 

14.2 

21.7 

19.6 

13.0 

10.3 

8.8 

14.5 

12.0 

'·2 

21.9 

19.1 

27,3 

25,5 

17,9 

11.1 

10,0 

14,2. 

12.6 

8.8 

9.5 

8.6 

12,8 

11,6 

,,0 

13.3 

12.1 

16,0 

14.0 

11.4 

10,9 

9,, 

14.2 

11.3 

8.5 
42 

Table 8. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Residence, region, and family status 

PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH HALE HEAD--Continued 

Inside Central Cities--Continued 

North and West 

Total. ......... ,., •.•......•• , ••...... 

!lead.,, •.••.•.•• ,.,,., •.•••• , ••• , ••.•••• ,.,, 

Related children under 18 years •••••••.•.••• 

Related children under 6 yea.:s.,,,, ,, • , •.• 

Other family members •••••.•.••••••••••••.••• 

South 

Total •• ,,., .•...... ,,.,, •••.••.•••• , •• 

Head ••••••••• , •• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years •••• ,,,,; •.•• 

Related children under 6 years •••.• ,., •••• 

Other family members ........... , .......... .. 

Outside Central Cities 

Total 

Total ••••••• ,,., •••••• ,, •• , •• , ••.••••• 

Head,,, •••.••••.•• ,,, ••••••• , •• , ••••••••••• , 

Related children under 18 years •••••••••• ,,. 

Related children under 6 years •••••••• ,.,. 

Other family members.,,, ....... ,,,,,,. ...... 

North and West 

Total •••••.•••••••.•.••••••••..••.•.•• 

Head,., •• , ••••••.•• , ••••.•.••••• , •• , •••••• ,. 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••••• 

Other family members •• , ••.•• ,,,,,,, ••••• ,,,, 

South 

Total ••••••.••• ,,, •••.•••• ,,,, ••••• ,,, 

Head,., •••••••••••••••••.••• ,,,, •••••• , •••• , 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••••• 

Other family members,, •.• ,.,.,, ••••. :,.,,,,, 

Nonmetropolitan Areas 

Total 

Total ••••••••••.•• ,,, ••••••••• ,., ••••• 

Head,, •••••••••• ,., •••••••••••••••••• ,,,, ••• 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••••• 

Other family members .. · ..................... . 

Notth and West 

Total •••••.•••••••••.•••••••••••.••••• 

Head, •••••..•. ,., •••••••.• , •••• , .••••••• ,, •• 

Related children under 18 years ••• ,,,,,,, .•• 

Related children under 6 years •••.••..• ,,. 

Other family members ............ , .......... . 

South 

Total ........ ,, ...... ,.,, ........ ,., •• 

Head ............................... ." ....... . 

Related children under 18 years •.••••••.•.•• 

Related childten under 6 years •••.••.••••• 

Other family members •.•.•••••••..••••••••••• 

See footnote at end of table. 

Total 

30,590 

9,092 

9,307 

3,061 

12,191 

12,592 

3, 784 

3,939 

1,249 

4, 869 

68,427 

19,497 

23,147 

6,684 

25,784 

51,525 

14,566 

17,433 

4,909 

19,525 

16,903 

4,930 

5, 713 

1,775 

6,259 

55,617 

16,097 

18,951 

5,599 

20,569 

31,872 

9,151 

10,988 

3,128 

11,733 

23,745 

6,946 

7,963 

2,471 

8,835 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Nul!lber of 

1 '753 

'49 

'"" "' 52< 

925 

"' 388 

138 

29< 

2,612 

6" 

t, 128 

361 

'" 

1, 569 

<08 

669 

208 

'"' 

1,043 

262 

"9 

153 

"' 

5,587 

1,395 

2,513 

,., 

1,679 

2,186 

m 

1,035 

619 "' 

3,401 

863 

1,478 

1,060 '" 

total 

5,' 

<.9 

8,< 

9,1 

• ,3 

,,3 

6.< 

9,8 

11.0 

6,0 

3,8 

3.< 

• ,9 

5.< 

3, 2 

3.0 

2.8 

3,, 

<.2 

2.5 

6, 2 

5,3 

8,0 

8,6 

5,1 

10,0 

8,, 

13.3 

13,6 

.., 

6,9 

5,, 

9.< 

10,0 

5,3 

14.3 

12,4 

18,6 

18.3 

12.0 

Tofal 

25,162 

7,628 

7,417 

2,448 

10,117 

9,493 

2,959 

2,783 

880 

3, 751 

64,619 

18,530 

21,687 

6,213 

24,403 

49,104 

13,944 

16,501 

4,618 

18,659 

15,515 

4,586 

5,186 

1,594 

5,743 

51,357 

15,122 

17,167 

5,055 

19,069 

31,181 

8,992 

10,675 

3,041 

11,513 

20,177 

6,130 

6,491 

2,014 

7,555 

White 

Below tow-inc0111e 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,162 

315 

500 

208 

"' 

585 

"' 2<1 

92 

188 

2,194 

929 "' 

"8 

693 

1,387 

361 

580 

165 

'46 

80, 

211 

3<9 

"' 240 

4,296 

1,141 

1,831 

"0 

1,325 

2,065 

512 

951 

300 

801 

2,232 6" 

"'9 

"0 

"' 

total 

• ,6 

• ,1 

.., 

8.< 

3,< 

6,2 

5,3 

8,6 

10,5 

5,0 

3,< 

3,1 

<.3 

<.6 

2,8 

2,, 

2.6 

3,5 

3,6 

,. 

5,2 

<.6 

.., 

,,8 

<.3 

8.< 

10,7 '·' 

11.3 

6,9 

6.6 

'·' 8,9 

9,9 

5,2 

11.1 

10,2 

13,5 

13.4 

9,6 

Total 

4,418 

1,197 

1, 571 

<96 

1,650 

2,979 

, .. 1,124 

1,069 "' 

2,695 

692 

1,006 

3<5 

9" 

1,440 

"' 531 

.,. 

'" 

1, 255 

308 

"' 169 

"' 

...... 883 

1,613 

1,368 "' 

"' 103 

"' 62 

"' 

3,390 

,80 

1,386 

1,224 "' 

Negro 

Below Low-income 

level 

Percent 

Nu111ber of 

"' 10, 

"' 

129 " 

33< 

85 

"' 

10< " 

31< 

1<3 " 

55 

95 

" 

33 " 

26 

" 

230 

., 

110 

29 

" 

1,199 

238 

626 

108 

335 

95 

13 

.. 

10 

15 

1,103 

225 

558 

168 

""' 

total 

10,7 

9,0 

15.1 

10,4 

,. 

11.2 

10.8 

12.9 

12,6 

9,, 

11.7 

10.9 

14,3 

15,9 

9,8 

5.9 

'·' 6,2 

14,8 

'·' 

18,3 

15,4 

23,3 

17.1 

15,2 

31.0 

,,0 

38,8 

36,6 

24.5 

20.1 

12,8 

29.7 

(B) 

10,2 

32.5 

28,9 

40,3 

39,5 

26.2 
43 

Table 8. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan Residence and Region--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

Residence, region, and family status 

PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH FEMALE HEAD 

United States 

Total 

Total •••••••••••.•. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Head,, .•..•..•.•.•. , .•.•..• ,.,,,,.,,,,,.,, •. 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••.•• 

Related children under 6 years,., .. , .. ,,,, 

Other family members •• ,,.,.,,,,,,, •••••••••• 

North and West 

Total •.......................• , ....••• 

Head •• , •••• ,,,,.,.,.,., •••• ,., •••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years •••.••.•.•••• 

Related children under 6 years ••••..•.••.• 

Other family members,., .•.•.•.•.••.•.••.• ,,, 

South 

Total ••••••••••••••.•.••••••.••••••••• 

Head ••••..•.••••••.••••••.•.•.••.••••.•••• ,. 

Related children under 18 years •••••••••••.• 

Related children under 6 years •••••••••••• 

Other family members ••.•.••.•.•.•••••••••••• 

Metropolitan Areas 

Total 

Total. •..•.•.••• ,.,.,.,,.,,., ........ . 

Head ..••••..••••.•••.•••.• ,.,,,,.,,,,,, .•••• 

Related children under 18 years •• ,,,,,,,,,,, 

Related children under 6 years ••.••.•.•••• 

Other family members ••• ,, •.••.•..•.•.••.••• , 

North and West 

Total, •.. ,., .•• ,.,,.,,., ••••.•..•.•••• 

Head, ••••• , ••••• ,.,,,.,., ••.•.•.••.••••.• ,,, 

Related children·under 18 years .••.••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years ••.•..•.•.• , 

Other family member a,.,, .. ,,,, •.••.•..•••.• , 

South 

Total., •• ,.,.,., •• , •.•.••.••.• ,,.,,.,. 

Head •.•.•..••.•.• ,.,., •• ,.,, •.•.••.•.••••..• 

Related children under 18 years •..•••••.•••• 

Related children under 6 years,,, •. ,.,,,,, 

Other family members ••.••.•.• ,.,,, •••••••••• 

Inside Central Cities 

Total 

Total •..•.•.•.•..•.•...••••••• ,., ••••• 

Head •••.•..•..•.•.• : ••.•.••.• ,.,.,,., ••••.•• 

aelated children under 18 years ••••••••••••• 

Related children under 6 years •• , ••••••••• 

Other family members ........ , •• , •• , ••••••••• 

North and West 

Total. ..•.•.•.•.•.••••• , •••..••.•.•.•• 

Head •••.•.••..•.•.•.•.•.••.• , •• , •••••••.•.•• 

Related children under 18 years ••.....•.•..• 

Related children under 6 years •..•..•••••• 

Other family members •.••.•.........•.• ,., ••• 

See footnote at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands, Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

23,245 

7' 242 

10,458 

2, 859 

5,545 

15,003 

4,803 

6,561 

1,835 

3,639 

8,242 

2,439 

3,897 

1,025 

1,906 

17,078 

5,368 

7,682 

2,126 

4,029 

12,256 

3,890 

5,407 

1,527 

2,960 

4,822 

1,478 

2, 275 

600 

1,069 

10,203 

3,135 

4,805 

1,417 

2,263 

7,100 

2,211 

3, 335 

1,007 

1,554 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

8,563 

2,351 

5,387 

1, 754 

825 

4,921 

1,401 

3,142 

1,116 

317 

3,642 

950 

2, 244 

638 

448 

6,201 

1, 710 

3,963 

1,296 

528 

4,137 

1,158 

2,677 

944 

303 

2,064 

552 

1, 286 

352 

,. 

4,239 

1,134 

2,737 

901 

368 

2,775 

756 

1,827 

648 

"' 

total 

36,8 

32.5 

51.5 

61.4 

14.9 

32.8 

29,2 

47,9 

60,8 

10,4 

44,2 

38.9 

57,6 

62.3 

23.5 

36,3 

31,9 

51.6 

60,9 

13.1 

33,8 

29,8 

49.5 

61.8 

10,2 

42,8 

37.4 

56,5 

58.7 

21.1 

41,5 

36,2 

57.0 

63.6 

16,3 

39,1 

34.2 

54,8 

64,4 

12.4 

Total 

15,480 

5, 212 

6,294 

1,630 

3,973 

11,039 

3, 740 

4,423 

1,180 

2,876 

4,441 

1,472 

1, 872 

400 

1,097 

10,955 

3, 733 

4,369 

1,150 

2,852 

8,397 

2,855 

3,313 

885 

2,230 

2, 557 

8,8 

1, 057 

,65 

6, 

5, 238 

1,800 

2,078 .., 

1,359 

3,973 

1,361 

1,588 ., 

1,024 

White 

Below tow-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

4, 279 

1, 297 

2,680 

"3 

30, 

2,985 

918 

1,877 

689 

l90 

1, 295 

380 

80, 

, .. 

ll3 

2,947 .., 

1,867 ., 

l83 

2, 262 

688 

1,439 

526 

l35 

685 

209 

429 

l3l 

48 

1,513 

453 

964 

336 

96 

1,192 

353 

"' ,. 

66 

total 

27,6 

24.9 

42.6 

57.2 

,. 

27 .o 24.5 

42,4 

58.4 

6.6 

29,2 

25,8 

42,9 

54-.2 

10,3 

26,9 

24 .o 42.7 

57.1 

6.4 

26.9 

43.4 "·' 

59,4 

6 .l 

26,8 

23."8 

40,5 

49.4 

'-' 

28.9 

25.2 

46.4 

56.3 

'.o 

30,0 

25.9 

48.7 

60,8 

6.4 

Total 

1,485 

1,940 

4,062 

1, 207 

1,483 

3,112 

985 

2,045 

6" 

68, 

3, 772 

'" 2,017 

"' SOl 

5,893 

1,565 

3, 227 

96, 

1,100 

3,628 

965 

2,009 

627 

6>l 

2,265 

600 

1, 218 

335 

.., 

4, 821 

1,288 

2,675 .., 

85, 

2,983 

804 

1, 695 

54l 

483 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

4,186 

1,024 

2,668 

8l3 

494 

1,850 ., 

1, 229 

4l8 

16, 

2,336 

565 

1,439 

394 

"' 

3,183 

2,065 "' 

636 

"' 

1,804 

449 

1, 208 

4l5 

148 

1, 379 

343 

"' ,1 

"' 

2,695 .,. 

1' 756 

563 ,6, 

1, 551 

393 

1' 037 

369 

121 

total 

. 55,9 

52,8 

65,7 

67.3 

33,3 

49,8 

46.5 

60,1 

66,2 

23.8 

61.9 

59.2 

71.3 

68,6 

41,4 

54.0 

50,6 

64.0 

66,1 

29,6 

49.7 

46,5 

60,1 

66,2 

22,6 

60,9 

57,2 

70,4 

66,1 

39,8 

55.9 

52.1 

65.6 

69,4 

31.2 

52,0 

48.9 

61.2 

68,1 

25,0 
44 

Table 8. Metropalitan·Nonmetropalitan Residence and Region··Persons by Low.lncome Status in 1974. 

Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers io thousands. Persons "' of March 1975) 

"' rac .. s Wht te Negro 

Below low-income Below tow-income Below low-income 

Residence, region, '"' family level status level level 

Total Percent Total Percent Total Percent Number oi Number oi Number oi 

total total total 

PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH FEMALE 

HEAD--Continued 

Inside Central Cities--Continued 

South 

Total •.•.•...•.•..• , ••... .............. 3,103 1 ,465 47.2 1, 265 "' 25.4 1, 838 1,143 62,2 

Head •• , ••• ,, ••••••••••• , ••• , ••• ,, •••• , ••• , •• 92< 378 40,9 '" 100 22.8 ... "8 57.4 

Related children under 18 years .•. , •.•.•..•• 1,469 910 62.0 <89 191 39.1 980 n9 73,4 Related children under 6 years •••......•.. "' "' 61.7 1<0 " 41.8 "' 195 71,9 Other family me:mbers., •.•. ,., •. ,, •. ,,,,.,,,. no "' 24.9 336 30 8., "' "' 39.2 

Outside Central Cities 

Total 

Total •.••.•••.•.•.•.••.•..•.•••••• ,, •• 6,875 1,962 28.5 5,117 1,435 25.1 1,072 ... 45,5 Head,,.,, •• ,,.,.,,.,,,, •. ,,, •. ,.,,,,,.,,,.,, 2,233 576 25.8 1, 932 '" 23.0 "' 121 43,6 Related children under 18 years ............. 2,877 1, 225 42.6 2, 292 903 39.4 552 309 56,0 

Related children under 6 years •.. , .•.••.• , 709 395 55.7 553 '20 58.0 150 7J 48.7 Other fa111ily members •..• , •.•• , •••••••..•••.• 1,765 160 9.1 1,493 87 5.8 "3 58 24.0 

North and West 

Total ••.• , •••• , •.•• , •••••.•• , ••••••.• , 5,156 1,362 26.4 4,425 1,070 ,.. • 2 &15 253 39.2 Head., ••• , ••.• , ...•. , •.••••..•.•••••••••.• ,, 1,679 .., 23,9 1,494 336 22.5 161 56 3<,5 Related children under 18 years •. , •.•. , .••• , 2,072 .. 9 41,0 1, 724 666 38.6 31< 170 54,3 Related children under 6 years., ••.••••• ,, 5>0 296 56,8 <28 2<8 57 ,9 86 <7 5<.2 Other family members., ••.••.•.••• ,,:·•·•···• 1,406 111 7., 1' 206 69 5. 7 170 27 15,9 

South 

Total ......................... , •.•.•.• 1, 719 599 3<.9 1,292 "' 28.2 "' 235 55.1 Head ••..••..•.••.•.•..•.•..• , .•.. , ... , •.•. ,. 55< "' 31,4 "' 109 24.9 116 65 56,4 Related children under 18 years, •.•..•.• , •.. 805 376 46.7 567 237 41.8 238 139 58,2 Related children under 6 years •••.... , •..• 188 99 52,4 125 72 58,0 ... 26 (B) Other family melllbers,, •. , •.• , .•.. , , .•. , , •. , , 360 .., 13,7 287 18 6.3 7J J1 (B) 

Nonmetropolitan Areas 

Total 

Total ••••••• , •.• , ••.•• , •.• ,, ••. , .•••• , 6,166 2,362 38,3 4,525 1,332 29.4 1,592 1,003 63,0 

Head,, ••. , •..• ,, •.• , •.. ,, .• ,, ... ,,.,., •• ,.,. 1,874 6<1 3<.2 1,479 ••• 27.0 37< 231 61,8 Related children under 18 years,.,, •• ,.,.,,, 2, 776 1,424 51.3 1, 925 812 42.2 835 603 72,2 Related children under 6 years ... , ........ 733 "' 62.5 ... 276 57,5 2" 176 72,0 Other family members,,,, ••.• ,.,,., ..•.••.•. ,, 1,516 296 19,5 1,121 120 10.7 382 169 44,1 

North '"' West 

futal ••••.•••••. ,,.,.,, •.••..•••.•••.• 2, 747 ,., 28,5 2,641 723 27.4 .. ... 5U Head ............................ , ........... 913 2« 26.7 885 230 25.9 21 10 (B) Related children under 18 years,,,.,,,.,,,., 1,154 ... 6 40.4 1,110 "' 39.5 J6 21 (B) Related children under 6 years •••.•..• , •.• 308 172 56,0 295 163 55.3 5 3 (8) Other family members •.••••.•..•.••....•..••• 680 " 10.9 &16 55 8.5 28 " (B) 

South 

Total .. , .•. , .•. , .... , •. ,, .• , ••.• , •.• ,, 3,420 1,578 46.2 1,884 609 32,3 1' 508 957 63,5 

Head., ............................... , .•.••• 960 397 41,4 595 170 28.7 35< 222 62,6 Related children under 18 years ........ , •.•. 1 ,623 958 59,1 815 37< 45,9 799 581 72.8 Related children under 6 years ............ "' 286 67.2 185 113 61.0 ,... 173 72.1 Other family members ••••.. , ... , •..•...• , ... , 837 222 26.6 "' 65 13,7 355 15< 43.5 

B .... less than 75,000, 
45 

Table 9. Poverty Area Residence--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Metropolitan-Nonmetropoutan 

Residence, Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975, Poverty areas in ...,tropolitan areas are defined in terJIIs of census tract!< and in nonmetropolitan areas in ter111s of 111inor civil divisions in which 20 percent or more of the population was below the low-tnc0111e level in 1969) 

Poverty area residence 

and fam1ly status 

UNITED STATES 

All Person" 

Inside poverty areas 

Total •• ,,. • • .• ,,,.,,, .••••• •. •,,,,,,,, 

In families ••••• , ••.•••••••• , •.•••••••• ,., •• 

Kead •••• , ••••••••••••••• , • , • , •• , •••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years •••••••.••• 

Related children under 6 years •• ,,,,., •. 

Other family lllelllbers. , ••••• , , , ,, , , •• , .•••• 

Unrelated individuals •••••••.••••••••••••••• 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total •••••• , •• ,., ••••••••• , •••••••• , •• 

In flllllilies. , ......... , .. , , .... , .. , •••• , , .. , 

Head ••••••••••••••••• ,, ••••• , •••••••• ,,,,. 

Related children under 18 years ••• , ••• ,,,, 

Related children under 6 years •••••• ,.,, 

Other fa.a~ily ~~embers ••••• ,.,,,,, •••••••••• 

Unrelated individual a •••••••• ,., ••••••• ,, ••• 

"""~' io :ii]'·~·":ij"~' __., ••••• 

Inside poverty areae 

Total •••••••••••••.••• ,.,·, •• , ••••••••• 

In fiUIIilies ••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••.••• 

Head •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years •• , ••••• , •• 

Related children under 6 years ••.• , ••••• 

Other family JDelllbers ..................... . 

Unrelated individuals •.••••••.••• ,,,.,, •• , •• 

Outside poverty areas 

Total ••• ,,,,,,,,, ••••••••• , ••• ,.,,,,,, 

In falllilies .... ,,;,,.,.,.,,, .. ,., .. ,,.,,.,,. 

Head •.•••.• , •• , ••• , • , ••••••••.• , ••• , •• , ••• 

Related children WKier 18 years •••• ,,,,,,, 

Related children.under 6 years,,,,,, •• 

Other fasllily ...,mbers.,.,. .......... , , , , ,. , 

Unrelated individUals •• ,, ••••••• ••••••. ,, • , • 

Persons in Families with Female Head aDd 

Female Unrelated Individuals 

Inside poverty areas 

Total ••••• , ••.• ,., •••• ,., ••••• ,,., ••• , 

In flllllilies., ..... ,, ............... ,, ..... , • 

Head •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years,,,,,,,.·,,, 

Related children under 6 years ........ .. 

Other f..,.ily members ....... ,,,,,,.,,,,, .. . 

Unrelated individuals .......... , •••• ,; ..... . 

Outside poverty areas 

Total ••••••••••• , •••••••••••••••.•••• , 

In f..,.ilies ...... ., ........ , ....... ., ...... , 

Head ..................................... . 

Related children under 18 years .. , ...... . 

Related children under 6 years,,,,,,,,,, 

Other family lllellbers .......... ,,.,,,.; .. .. 

Unrelated individUals ••••••• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,. 

See footnote at end o:f table, 

Total 

41,201 

36,950 

10,510 

13.758 

4,188 

12,682 

4,251 

168,142 

153,521 

45,203 

52,044 

15,263 

56,275 

14,621 

:n ,156 

29,315 

8,426 

9,805 

3,059 

11,084 

1,841 

143,961 

137,912 

40,044 

45,540 

13,533 

52,328 

6,049 

10,045 

7,635 

2,084 

3,954 

1,129 

1 ,598 

2,410 

24,181 

15,609 

5,158 

6,504 

1,730 

3,947 

8,572 

All races 

Below low-income 

Level .. 

Percent 

Number of 

10,754 

9,032 

2,202 

4 ,!l26 

1,494 

1,904 

1, 721 

13,506 

10,408 

2,907 

5,270 

1,800 

2,231 

3,098 

5,485 

4,880 

1,175 

2,250 

688 

1,455 

805 

7,000 

5,997 

1,583 

2,559 

852 

1,855 

1,003 

5;269 

4,152 

1,028 

2,676 

806 

1,117 "' 

6,507 

4,411 

1, 324 

2. 711 

948 

2,095 "' 

total 

26.1 

24.4 

21.0 

35.8 

35.7 

15,0 

40.5 

8.0 

6.8 

6.4 

10.1 

11.8 

4.0 

21.2 

17,6 

16.6 

13.9 

23.0 

22.5 

13.1 

32.8 

4.9 

4.3 

4.0 

5.6 

8.3 

3.5 

16,6 

52.5 

54.4 

49.3 

67.7 

71.4 

28.1 

46.4 

26.9 

28.3 

25.7 

41.7 

54.8 

9.5 

24.4 

Total 

27,992 

25,146 

7,552 

8,480 

2,606 

9,114 

2,846 

154,371 

140,965 

41,899 

46,868 

13,620 

52,199 

13,4061. 

23,316 

22,146 

6,638 

7,084 

2,222 

8,423 

1,170 

133,860 

128,486 

37,601 

41,969 

12,374 

48,916 

5,374 

4,676 

3,000 

914 

1,396 

384 

690 

1,676 

20,511 

12,479 

4,298 

4,899 

1,246 

3,283 

8,032 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,426 

4,419 

1,156 

2,215 

685 

1,048 

1,007 

10,864 

8,098 

2,326 

3,965 

1,404 

1,807 

2,766 

3,508 

3,181 

824 

1,391 

434 

966 

327 

5,929 

5,057 

1,361 

2,109 

722 

1,587 

873 

1 ,918 

1,238 

332 

824 

251 

82 

680 

4,934 

3,041 

965 

1,856 

682 

220 

1,893 

total 

19,4 

17,6 

15.3 

26.1 

26.3 

11.5 

35.4 

7.0 

5.7 

5.6 

8.5 

10.3 

3.5 

20.6 

15.0 

14.4 

12.4 

19.6 

19.6 

11.5 

28.0 

4.4 

3.9 

3.6 

5.0 

5.8 

3.2 

16.2 

41.0 

41.3 

36.3 

59.0 

65.2 

11.9 

40.6 

24.1 

24.4 

22.5 

37.9 

54.8 

6.7 

23.6 

Total 

12,688 

11,349 

2,846 

5,115 

1,539 

3,388 

1,339 

11 ,099 

10,091 

2,652 

4,261 

1,344 

3,178 

1,009 

7;382 

6,756 

1,691 

2,570 

796 

2,495 

626 

7,745 

7,200 

1,867 

2,744 

880 

2,589 

545 

5,306 

4,593 

1,155 

2,546 

743 

893 

713 

3,354 

2,891 

785 

1,516 

464 

590 

463 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Nu111ber of 

5,168 

4,477 

1,020 

2,651 

786 

806 

691 

2,299 

2,029 

510 

1,168 

355 

"' 270 

1 ,834 

1,573 

328 

802 

231 

443 

281 

836 

747 

178 

350 

97 

219 

89 

3,333 

2,904 

692 

1,850 

555 

363 

429 

1,463 

1,282 

332 

818 

258 

132 

"' 

total 

40.7 

39.4 

35.8 

51.8 

51.1 

23.8 

51.6 

20.7 

20.1 

19.2 

27.4 

26.4 

11,0 

26.8 

24.8 

23.3 

19.4 

31.2 

29.1 

17.8 

41.7 

10.8 

10.4 

9.5 

12.7 

11.0 

8,5 

16.4 

62.8 

63.2 

59.9 

72.7 

74,7 

40.6 

60.3 

43.6 

44,3 

42.3 

54.0 

55,6 

22.3 

39.1 
46 

Table 9. Poverty Area Residence,-Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan 

Residence. Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of )larch 1975. Poverty areas in metropolitan areas are ctertned in terms of census tracts and in nonmetropolitan areas in terms of minor civil divisions in which 20 percent or mol"<;! of the popui~tion w.is below the low-income level in 1969) 

Poverty area ·residence 

and family status 

METROPOLITAN AREAS 

All Persons 

Inside poverty areas 

Total., ......• , •••.•.•• , ••...• , •• , ••.. 

In families., •.•..•• ,, •.••.•• , •.•••••••.•• ,. 

Head ••••• ,., •••••••• , •••••••• , •••••• ,, •••• 

Related children under 18 years •• , •• ,., .•• 

Related children under 6 years .• ,,, ••••. 

Other family members., .•••• ,, ••..•.. ,,,, •. 

Unrelated individuals.,,, •.••.• ,, •••••• , •• ,, 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total ••.•••• ,, ....... ,, ....... , ...... , 

In families ••. ,,,,, .•.•• , •• , ........... , •. ,, 

Head ..................................... . 

Related children under 18 years ••• ,,,, •••• 

Related children under 6 years,,,,, .• , •• 

Other family members ..... ,,, ...... ,,,, ••. , 

unrelated individuals •.•• , ... , ...... ,, ...... 

Persons in Families with Male Head and 

Male Unrelated Individuals 

Inside poverty areas 

Total., •••••.• ,,,, .••• ,, ••••••••• , •.•. 

In :families ........................ ,, ...... . 

!lead .................................... .. 

Related children under 18 years.,,, •••• ,,, 

Related children under 6 years •.• ,,,, ..• 

Other :family IIICIIIbers.,,., .••. ,,,,, .... ,,,, 

Unrelated individuals,,,,, •.• ,.,,,, ••• ,,,,,. 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total •• ,, ••••••• ,.,, .•• ,.,,, ••••••• ,,. 

In families .. ,,,, ••.•• , .......... ,,, ••• , ... , 

Head ••.•••••••• , •.••.••••••••••••••••• •·•• 

Related children under 18 years.,,,, .••.• , 

Related children under 6 years., •.• ,,,,, 

Other fll.mily members.,,, .... ,,,., ... ,,.,,, 

Unrelated individuals •• ,,,,, ••••.• ,,, ••.•• ,. 

Persons in Families -..tth Female Head and 

Female unrelated Individuals 

Inside poverty areas 

Total ••• ,.,,,,., ••• ,.,, .•••• ,,,,,., •.• 

In famtltcs •. ,,,, ••.• ,.,, ....... , ... ,,,, .... 

Head .••.•.• ,, ..••••••••••••• , •••••••••••.. 

Related children under 18 years .••.•• ,,,,. 

Related children under 6 years ••.•• ,,, .• 

Other family members., .•.•• ,, ..•• ,,.,, ••.• 

Unrelated individuals .•..•. ,,,,, .•••••.••.•• 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total.,,, .•.• ,,,,,, •.••.•. ,, •••••.•.• , 

In families •••.••.•••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 

Head .••. , ••••••.•.•.•. , •.••.• , .•••••.. •··• 

Related children under 18 years •••• ; .•••.• 

Related children under 6 years .••..• ,,,, 

Other :family members.,, .................. . 

Unrelated individuals •. ,,,,,,, .•••. ,.,, ... .. 

See footnote at end of table. 

Total 

17,198 

14,806 

4,138 

5,934 

1,910 

4. 734 

2,392 

125,202 

113,1!82 

33,603 

38,142 

11,210 

42,138 

11,319 

11,257 

10;136 

2,869 

3,368 

1,119 

3,900 

1,120 

106,224 

101,473 

29,504 

33,026 

9,875 

38,943 

4, 751 

5,941 

4,669 

1,270 

2,566 

791 

1,271 "' 

18,977 

12,409 

4,098 

5,115 

1 ,335 

3,195 

6,569 

All races 

Below low-incOI!le 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,087 

4,182 

1,029 

2 ,466 

no 

"' 804 

9,502 

7,309 

2,044 

3,792 

1,302 

1,472 

2,193 

1,831 

1,462 

., "' 

21< 

.. , 

3" 

4,531 

3,828 

1,015 

1' 623 

563 

1,190 

W3 

3,256 

2, 721 

68, 

1,793 

557 

2<6 

535 

4. 971 

3,481 

1,029 

2,170 

739 

282 

1,490 

total 

29.6 

28.2 

24.9 

41.6 

40,3 

14,5 

37.8 

'"' 6.4 

'"' 

11,6 '"' 

3.5 

19.4 

16.3 

14,4 

12.1 

20.0 

19.1 

11.3 

32.9 

4.3 

3.8 

3.4 

4.8 5., 3., 

14.8 

54.8 

58.3 

53.7 

69.9 

70.3 

29,5 

42.1 

26,2 

28.0 

25.1 

42.4 

55.4 

8.8 

22.7 

Total 

8,429 

7,095 

. 2,109 

2,506 

883 

2,480 

1,334 

113,385 

103,135 

30,741 

33,751 

9,808 

38,643 

10,250 

6,408 

5,812 

1 '722 

1,851 

663 

2,239 

586 

97,621 

93,463 

27,395 

30,036 

8,878 

36,031 

. 4,159 

2,020 

1,282 

3" 

655 

220 

"' "' 

15,764 

9,672 

3,346 

3, 715 

930 

2,611 

6,092 

Below low-income 

level 

Numb~f ' 

1 ,8·54 

1,440 

365 

8>0 

"' 

'•!~! 

7;378 

5,449 

1,576 

2,727 

868 

1,145 

1,929 

.,. 

806 

'" "' 

234 "' 

"' 

Percent 

t'otal "' 

. 22,0 

20.3 

17.3 

32.3 

31.2 

10,7 

'31.1 

6.5 

,,5,3 

- 5.1 

8., 

8.8 

3.0 

18.8 

15.3 

13.9 

11.6 

20,1 

20,4 

•,10,5 

l-28. 

3,745 3.8 

3,135 3.4 

845 3.1 

. 1,297 '4,3 

,'451 : 5.1 

993 2.8 

610' 14,7 

"' 634 

166' 

437 ·. 

HO 

31 : 

242 

3,633 

2,314 

_732 

1,430 

_.,517 

'15~. 1 ,3~9 

-f .. ~ 

43,4 

49,4 

42.9 

66,8 

63:7 

12,7 

32.8 

23.0 

23.9 

21.9 

38.5 

55.5 

.5-.8 

21.7 

Total 

8,458 

7,456 

1,960 

3,364 

1,008 

2,132 

1.'001 

9,420 

8,528 

2,280 

3,564 

1,143 

2,684 

882 

4,577 

4,092 

.1 ,084 

1,460 

438 

1 ,548 

484 

6,475 

5,999 

1,591 

2,241 

2,167 '" 

.,. 

3,881 

3,364 

8" 

1,904 

5'0 

584 5" 

2,945 

2,529 

688 

1,323 

382 

5" 

"' 

Negro 

Below lOlli-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,149 

2,679 

650 

1 ,637 

486 

382 

"' 

1,836 

1,625 

4>0 

854 

30, 

262 

2U 

"0 

58 

"' 284 

, 

583 

526 

242 "' 

80 

"' 58 

2,370 

2,084 

. 1 ,353 "'

4>6 

"' 286 

1 ,252 

1,099 

"' 

220 "' 

no 

"' 

total 

37.2 

35,9 

33.2 

48,7 

48.2 

18,4 

47.0 

19.5 

19.1 

18.0 

26.8 

26.3 

8.8 

23.6 

17,0 

14,5 

12.5 

19.4 

15.9 

11.4 

38.1 

8.0 

8.8 

8.3 

10.8 

10,7 

'·0 

12.1 

61.1 

61.9 

58.8 

71.1 

73.0 

36.9 

55.4 

42.5 

43.5 

40.2 

53.8 

56.2 

~1.3 

36.8 

" 
.A 

47 

Table 9. Poverty Area Residence·· Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan 

Residence, Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head-Continued . ' ' , .. 

(NU!IIbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975, Poverty areas in metropolitan areas are deflned·in terrns.of census tracts and in non-

~~~etropolitan areas in terms of minor civil divisions in which 20 percent or 1110re of the population.'wa,s beloiv ufe low-income level tti 1969) 

Poverty area residence 

and !ami ly status 

INSIDE CENTRAL CITIES 

All Persons ------

Inside poverty areas 

Total •.•.•••••.•.••••••••• · ••• •·•·•••• In fBmiliea •..•.•.•. ~,,,,,,,,,,,,,, , •.• , •••• 

Kead •••• ,., •• , ••••••••••••••••••••• ,·, ••••• 

Related children under 18 years,,,,,, •.••. 

Related children under 6 years.,,,,,,,,, 

Otl\er family members., •• , .••••.•• , ••• ,,,,, 

Unrelated individuals., .................... . 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total ••••.•••••.•••••••••••••••••• ·••· 

In families ••••••••.••••••••••••••••••.••.•. 

lie ad, •••••••••••••.•.••••••.•••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years.,,,,,,,,,. 

Related children under 6 years., •••.••. ' 

Otl\er family 1111e11bers .................. ,.,. 

Unrelated individuals ••••••••••.••••. , •••••• 

Persons in Families with Male Head and 

Male Unrelated Individuals 

Inside poverty areas 

Total ••••• ,.,,,~.,,,, •.••••.••••.•.•.. 

In fa:milies ....... ,,,,,.,.,,,.,,.,. ........ . 

Head ..................................... . 

Related children under 18 years, •• , ••• ,,., 

Related children under 6 years •••• ,,,,,, 

otl\er family members,,,,,,,,,,,,.,., ••.•.• 

Unrelated individuals.,, •••• , •••••••••••. ,,. 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total •••••••• ,.,,,,,,,,.,.,,.,,,.,,,,. 

h1 f8111i1iea .......... , , .. , .. , .. , .. , •• , • , ... . 

lie ad, , , , , , , , •••• · •• , • , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 

Related chi1d~n under 18 years ••••••••• ,. 

Related children under 6 years •• ,.,., ••• 

other family members •••• ,.,, ••••••••••••• , 

Unrelated individuals.,,,. ••••• ••• ,, , , ,, ,, • , 

Persons in Families with Female Head and 

Female Unrelated Indlviduah 

Inside poverty' areas 

Total •• , ••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••• 

In families ................................ . 

Head .•.••.••.••• , ••• , ••••••••••••.•.•••••• 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••• ,. 

Related children under 6 years •• ,.,,,.,, 

Other fSIIIily members., ................... . 

Unrelated individuals •• , •••••••••••••••••••• 

OUtside poverty area.s 

Total ••••.•.•.•.••••••.•••••••••• ••••• 

In f11.11.ilies •• , •.•.•. ,.,,.,,, .••.••••.•• ,,,,, 

Head ..................................... . 

Related children under 18 years •••••• , •••• 

Related children under 6 years.,.,, •.• ,, , 

Other fllDiily 11e11bera ............ , .. , , .. , .• 

Unrelated individuals •• ,., •• ,., ••••••• , ••••• 

See footnote at end of table. 

Total 

12,866 

10,821 

3,007 

4,517 

1 ,452 

3,297 

2,045 

48,289 

42,564 

13,005 

13,535 

4,275 

16,025 

5,724 

7. 701 

6, 719 

1,894 

2,228 

'41 

2,597 

982 

38,826 

36,463 

10,982 

11,019 

3,569 

14,462 

2,363 

5,165 

4,102 

1,112 

2,289 

7U 

700 

1 ,063 

9,463 

6,101 

2,023 

2,515 

706 

1,563 

3,361 

All races 

Below low-1ncome 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

4,182 

3,405 

839 

2,068 

650 

499 

776 

4,614 

3,512 

987 

1 ,838 

668 

687 

1,103 

1,286 

958 

227 

443 

141 

288 

328 

2,073 

1,720 

466 

725 

275 

529 

353 

2,896 

2,448 

1,625 "' 

508 

210 

448 

2,542 

1,792 

521 

1,112 

393 

158 

750 

total 

32.5 

31.5 

27.9 

45.8 

44.7 

15,1 

38.0 

9.6 

8.3 

7.6 

13.6 

15.6 

4.3 

19.3 

16.7 

14,3 

12.0 

19.9 

19,0 

11.1 

33.4 

5.3 

4.7 

4.2 

6.6 

7.7 

3.7 

14.9 

56.1 

59.7 

55.1 

71.0 

71.5 

30.1 

42.1 

26.9 

29.4 

25.8 

44.2 

55.6 

10.1 

22.3 

White 

Below low-i~come 

. f----'-"-","_' ----1 Total 

5,228 

4,153 

1,246 

1,496 

553 

1,411 

1,075 

40,695 

35,739 

11,141 

10,781 

3,373 

13,816 

4,955 

3,642 

3,146 9,. 

977 

375 

1,230 

496 

33,445 

31,509 

9,648 

9,223 

2,953 

12,638 

1,936 

1,586 

<,007 

307 

520 

178 

181 

579 

7,250 

4,230 

1,494 

1,558 

420 

1,179 

3,019 

Percent 

Number of 

1,285 

952 

247 

556 

195 

333 ''" 

total 

.24. 6 

22.9 

19.9 

.37 .2 

35.2 

'10.5 

,·31.01 ' 

3,?25 7,9 

2,307 6.5 

'677 "6.1 

1,149 ·10.7 

440 is.o 482.'3.5 

918 18.5 

,"• 

'-'' 582 16.0 

437 '13.9 

107 i.,, 11,4 

207 .'.21.2 

83 22.1 

123 10.0 

145 '''29.3 

1,610 

1,310 

365 

533 

216 

412 

300 

703 

515 

141 

349 

112 

26 

188 

4.8 

4.2 

3.8 

5.8 

7.3 

3.3 

15.5 

44.3 

51.2 

45.9 

67.2 

63.0 

14.2 

32.4 

1,615 •. :·.22.3 

997 23.6 

312 21?.9 

615 ,39.5 

224 53.5 

70 5.9 

617 ·;20.4 

' . . . · 

Total 

7,401 

6,486 

1' 711 

2,984 

887 

1 '791 

916 

6,386 

5, 732 

1,560 

2,386 

769 

1, 785 

. 654 

3,861 

3,414 

9<3 

1,221 

355 

'1 ,280 

446 

4,342 

3,983 

1,070 

1,473 

489 

1,439 

359 

3,541 

3,072 

798 

1, 762 

532 

511 

469 

2,044 

1, 749 

490 

"' 280 

346 

295 

Negro 

Below low-tnco01e 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,825 

2,399 

58< 

1 ,496 

447 

"' 426 

1,263 

1,102 

283 

643 

212 

m 

"' 

.. , 

470 

uo 

"' " 138 

HO 

. 376 

336 

" '" 44 

94 

40 

2,184 

1,929 

471 

1,273 

396 

185 

255 

887 

766 

200 

483 

<67 

82 

121 

total 

38.2 

37.0 

33.9 

50.1 

50,4 

18.0 

46.5 

19.8 

19.2 

18.1 

26.9 

27.5 

9.9 

24.6 

16.6 

13.8 

12.0 

18.2 

14.4 

10.8 

38.2 

8.7 

8.4 

7.7 

10.8 

9.1 

6.5 

11.0 

61,7 

62.8 

59.0 

72.3 

74,4 

36.2 

54,4 

43.4 

43.8 

40.9 

52.9 

59.7 

23.8 

41.0 
48 

Table 9. Poverty Area Residence--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974. Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan 

Residence, Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head -Continued 

(Numbers in thousands, ~rsons a~ of ~larch 1975. Poverty areas in metropolitan ar<>as are defined in terms of census tracts and in nonmetropolitan areas in terms of minor civil divisions in which 20 percent or more of the population was below tbe low-inca""' level in 1969) 

Poverty area residence 

and family status 

OUTSIDE CENTRAL CITIES 

All Persons 

Inside poverty areas 

Total.,., ••••....•••.•... , ••••.....•• 

In families ••.•••.•••••• ,,,, •••.• ,,, ••• ,,,,, 

if<, ad., ••.•.••• , ••.•••• , ••••.•.•• , ••••••.•• 

Related children under 18 years ........ , .. 

Related children under 6 years, ••• ,., ••• 

Other family members, ••.••.. ,., •• , •.•• , ••. 

Unrelated individuals; ... , •..••..• ,, •.• ,,., • 

Outside poverty areas 

Total. ............................... . 

In families, .......... , ................ , ••.• 

Head ••.•.•••• , .•.•.• , •••••••• ,, •••••• ,., .• 

Related children under 18 years., ••• , ••.•• 

Related children under 6 years ••.•.•• , •• 

Other family members., ........ , ••.•••• , ••. 

Unrelated individuals •.• ,,, •••• ,,,,, •••• ,,,, 

Persons in Familiea with Male Head and Male 

unrelated Individuals 

Inside poverty areas 

Total ••••• , •••.•••• , ••••••••••• , •••••• 

In families.,.,.,.,, .• ••.,, •.••• ,, •••••• , ••. 

Head ••••• , •.•••• ,., ••••.••••••••••••••.••• 

Related children under 18 years •••• ,., •••• 

Related children under 6 years ••••••• ,,. 

Otller family members •• , ....... ,,,,, .... ,,. 

Uni-etated individuals,.: ........ , .... ,,,,, •. 

Outside poverty areas 

Total •••••• , •••••••••••••••• , ••.•. , ••• 

In families ..... ,,., ...... , .............. , •• 

Head,.,, •.• , .• ,.,, •.••• ,, ••.•••••• , ••••.•• 

Related children under 18 years,., ........ 

Related children under 6 years •• ,, ••.•.• 

Other family members ••••••• ,., •• ,,,,,, •• ,, 

Unrelated individuals ... ,., •• ,.,, •.• ,,., •.• , 

Persons in Families with Female Head and 

Female Unretated IndividualS 

Inside poverty areas 

Total,.,, ............. · .. • • • •• • .. • • • • • 

In famil:J.es •• , ........ , ....... , •.• , , • , .... .. 

Head •.•• , ••••.•. , •••.••••••••..••••.•..••• 

Related children under 18 years,, ••• ,.,,,. 

Related children under 6 years •. ,., •.•• , 

Other family members •.•.• ,, ...... ,, ..... ,, 

Unrelated individuals.,, •.•..••..• ,, ...... .. 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total •• , •• ,, ••• ,., •.. ,.,, •• , •.•• ,.,, •• 

In families .• ,,.,,,, .... ,, ••.• ,,,,,,.,,,,, •. 

Head •• , ••••.• , ••.•.• ,, ••• , .•• ,, ••• , .• ,, •.• 

Related children under 18 years.,,., ••••.• 

Related children Iinder 6 years .•••• , •.•• 

Other family members ........ , ••••• , ...... . 

Unrelated individuals ••••.• , ••••••• ,, •••. , •. 

See footnote at end of table, 

Total 

4,332 

3,985 

1 ,132 

1,417 

458 

1,436 

347 

76,913 

71,318 

20,598 

24,607 

6,935 

26,113 

5, 595 

3,556 

3,417 

1 '140 "' 

1,303 "" 

139 

67,398 

65,010 

18,523 

22,007 

6,306 

24 ,481 

2,388 

"6 

568 

>58 

"' 

133 "' 

208 

9,515 

6,307 

2,075 

2,600 

629 

1,632 

3,207 

All races 

Below low-inCOIZie 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

905 

"' 180 

399 

"' '"' "" 

4,887 

3,797 

1,057 

1, 955 

634 

1' 090 

"' 41 

2,458 

' 2,108 

3<9 

"'" '"" 661 

"0 

360 

273 

69 

168 

.. 

36 

" 

2,429 

1,689 

507 

1,057 

346 

1" 

HO 

total 

20,9 

19.5 

16.7 

28,1 

26,4 

13,1 

36.9 

6.4 

5.3 

3.1 

, 

9.1 

3.0 

19,5 

15,3 

14,8 

12,4 

20.2 

19,3 

11.7 

29.5 

3.6 

3.2 

3,0 

• ,1 

•• 6 

, • 7 

14.7 

46.4 

48.0 

43.8 

60,7 

60.1 

26.8 

41.9 

25.5 

26.8 

24.4 

40.7 

55.1 

7.6 

23.1 

Total 

3,201 

2 '941 

862 

1,009 

330 

1,069 

260 

72,690 

67,395 

19,600 

22,970 

6,435 

24,826 

5,295 

. 

2,766 

2,666 

783 

8H 

288 

1,009 

101 

64,176 

61 ,954 

17,747 

20,813 

5,924 

23,394 

2,223 

434 

273 

80 

133 

42 

61 

1" 

8,514 

5,442 

1,853 

2,157 

311 

1 ,432 

3,072 

White 

Below tow-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

117 " 

82 

4,153 

3 ,141 

899 

1,578 

528 

664 

1,011 

396 

369 

92 

163 

53 

H2 

" 

2,135 

1 ,825 

480 

763 

238 

382 

310 

173 

118 

25 

88 

28 

5 

" 

2,018 

1 ,316 

815 "' 

292 

92 

702 

total 

17.8 

16.6 

13.6 

25.1 

24.5 

10.9 

31.4 

5. 7 

4. 7 

••• 

6.9 

8.2 

2.7 

19.1 

14.3 

13.9 

u.s 

18.9 

18.3 

11.1 

26.6 

'·' 2.9 

2.7 

3.7 

•. o 

13.9 '"' 

39.8 

42.9 

31.3 

65.2 

(B) 

(B) 

34.4 

23.7 

24 .2 

22.6 

37.8 

57.2 

. 22.8 '"'

Total 

1,056 

"1 

249 

380 

1'1 

341 

"' 

3,034 

2,796 

720 

1,177 

374 

899 

238 

716 

678 

171 

238 

83 

269 

38 

2' 133 

2,016 

'" 768 

262 

728 

117 

340 

293 

78 

>42 

38 

73 

47 

901 

780 

199 

410 

112 

171 

121 

Negro 

Below }ow-inco~r~e 

level 

Percent 

N'uD!ber of 

323 

280 

70 

>41 

39 

69 

" 

373 

523 

127 

311 

89 

83 

30 

139 

123 

26 

61 

19 

38 

14 

207 

389 

30 

82 

36 

37 

18 

,.. 

"' .. 

80 

20 

31 

31 

366 

334 

77 

229 

53 

28 

32 

total 

30.7 

28.8 

28.0 

37.2 

31.9 

20.1 

52.7 

18.9 

18.7 

17.6 

26.4 

23.9 

9.5 

21.0 

19.4 

18.4 

15.0 

25.7 

22.5 

14.2 

(B) 

9.7 

9.4 

9.5 

10,7 

13.8 

7.9 

15.4 

54.5 

52.8 

56.5 

56.3 

(8) 

(8) 

(B) 

40.6 

42.8 

38.6 

55.8 

47.4 

16.3 

26.4 
49 

Table 9. Poverty Area Residence--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Metropolitan-Nonmetropolitan 

Residence, Family Status, and Sex and Race of Head -Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975. Poverty areas in metropolitan areas are defined in terms of census tracts and in nonmetropolitan areas in terms of minor civil divisions in which 20 percent or more of the population was below the low-income level in 1969) 

Poverty area residence 

and family status 

NONMETROPOLITAN AREAS 

All Persons 

Inside poverty areas 

Total., ... ,,,,,,,,,, ... ,,.,,,,,,,,,,,. 

In families ••••.• ,,, •. ,,,,, •.•.• ,.,.,.,,,,,; 

Head., .• , ••••.•.•.• ,,., •••. , •••••••• , •• ,,, 

Related children under 18 years,,,,,,,,.,. 

Related children under 6 years,,, ..... ,. 

Other family ~~~embers •• ,,,,,,,,,,, •.•. , ... , 

Unrelated individuals ...... ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, •• 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total ••••••••••••••• , ••••• ,.,., ••••••• 

In families ••• ,, ...... , •• ., .............. , .. 

~ad, •••••••• ,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,, 

Related children under 18 years ••••••••••. 

Related children under 6 years ••• ,, ••••• 

Other family .embers ..................... . 

Unrelated individuals •• , •••••••••• , ••••••••• 

p,..-oo• io .. , .... Inside poverty areas 

Total, ••••••••••••. , ••••••••••.••••••• 

In families •• ,,,,, ••••••.•.•.• , ••••••••••.•• 

Head •••••••••.••• , ••••••.••••• , ••• ,., ••••• 

Related children under 18 years,,,,,.,., •• 

Related children under 6 years •..•.••.•• 

Other family members •• ,.,.,,,., ••• ,.,,,,,, 

Unrelated individuals.,.,.,,,,,,,,., •••• ,,,, 

OUtside poverty areas 

Total •• , •• ,,,.,,,,,.,.,.,, ••• ,,, •••••• 

In familes ••.••. ,, •• , •••••.•.• , ... ,,., .... ,. 

~ad •.•••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 years ••.•••••••• 

Related children under 6 years.,., ••••.. 

other family raeabers ..... , .............. ,. 

Unrelated individuals.,,,,,,,,, •••••••• ,.·.,, 

Persons in Families with Female Head and 

Female Unrelated Individuals 

Inside poverty areas 

Total,.,,.,., ••• ,.,.,,,,, •••••.•••• ,., 

In families,, ......... ,.,. .. ,, ..... ,, ...... , 

Head,., ..................... , ............. · 

Related children under 18 years.,,.,,,,.,. 

Related children under 6 years .• ,.,,,,,, 

Other family members:.,, .. ,,,,., •• , ..... ,, 

Unrelated individuals ••• ,.,,,., •• , •••• , •• ,,, 

Outside poverty areas 

Total .• ,., •••.•.••••••.• , •••••••••.••• 

In families •• , .. , ... , ....... ,,,,,,, .... ,,, •• 

Head ..................................... . 

Related children under 18 years .•••• ,.,,,, 

Related children under 6 years,,,,,., •• , 

Other family members .... , .. ,,,,, ...... ,,,, 

Unrelated individuals •• , .... ,,,, .. , ..... ,,,. 

B Base less than 75,000. 

Total 

24,004 

22,144 

6,371 

7,825 

2,279 

7,949 

1,859 

42,940 

39,639 

ll,600 

13,902 

4,053 

14,137 

3,301 

19,899 

19,179 

5,557 

6,437 

1,941 

7,184 

"' 

37' 737 

36,439 

10,540 

12 ,514 

3,658 

13,385 

1,298 

4,104 

2,966 

1,387 "' 

"' 

.1,138 

5,204 

3,200 

1,060 

1,389 

395 

2,003 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,667 

4,850 

1,173 

2,460 

1 ,216 "' 

., 

<,005 

3,099 

8" 

1,477 

"' "' 905 

3,654 

3,419 

8'7 

1,577 

1,014 "' 

"' 

2,469 

2,169 

"' 9" 

289 

665 

300 

2,013 

1,431 

3<6 

883 

250 

202 

582 

1,536 

93> 

295 

542 

209 

605 " 

total 

23.6 

21.9 

18.4 

31.4 

31.8 

15.3 

44.0 

9.3 

'·8 

10.6 '·' 

12.3 

27.4 '·' 

18.4 

17.8 

14.9 

24.5 

24,4 

14.1 

32.7 

6.5 

6.0 

'·' '·' ,,9 

5.0 

23.1 

49,0 

48.3 

42.5 

63".6 

73.9 

26,5 

51,1 

29.5 

29.1 

27,8 

39.0 

52.8 

12.5 

30.2 

Total 

19,563 

18,051 

5,444 

5,975 

1, 723 

6,633 

1,512 

40,986 

37,831 

11,157 

13,117 

3,812 

13,556 

3,156 

16,908 

16,334 

4, 916 

5,234 

1,558 

6,184 

"' 

36,239 

35,023 

10,206 

11,933 

3,497 

12,885 

1,215 

2,656 

1, 718 

528 

"' 

... "' "8 

4,748 

2,807 

952 

1,184 

315 

6'1 

1,940 

White 

Below Low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,572 

2,979 

"1 

1,405 

<10 

'" 592 

3,486 

2,649 

'50 

1,238 

"' 662 

8" 

2,530 

2,375 

625 

1,019 

299 

"' 155 

2,184 

1,922 

516 

"' "' 

263 "' 

1,042 

60< 

"' 386 

111 

52 

"' 

1 ,302 

233 "' 

"' 165 

68 

"' 

total 

18.3 

16.5 

14.5 

23.5 

23.8 

u.s 

39.2 

8.5 

,,0 

"' 9.< 

11.4 

•• 9 

26.5 

15.0 

14.5 

12.7 

19.5 

19.2 

11.8 

27.0 

6.0 

5.5 

5.1 

6.8 

'-' 

<.6 

21.6 

39.2 

35.2 

31,6 

52,1 

67.2 

11.5 

46.6 

27.4 

25.9 

24.5 

36.0 

52.4 

10.1 

29.6 

Total 

4,230 

3,893 

888 

1, 751 

530 

1,256 

"' 

1,680 

1,563 

"' 6" 

"1 

'" "' 

2,805 

2,664 

60, 

1,110 

"' "6 

142 

1,270 

1,201 ,. 

503 

129 

422 

" 

1,425 

1,229 

279 

6o11 

3>0 "' 

196 

409 

362 

96 

1" 

72 

" " 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,018 

1, 798 

369 

1,014 

300 

"' 220 

"'' 

. '" 100 

"' 

89 " 

60 

1,054 

9" 

193 

518 

26, "' 

" 

253 

221 

108 

16 

68 

" 

"' '" "' '" 139 

1" 

1<3 

211 

183 

55 

106 

" 

28 " 

total 

47.7 

46.2 

41.7 

57.9 

56.6 

33.0 

65.3 

27.6 

25.8 

27,0 

30.7 

26.7 

18.1 

51.3 

37.6 

36.7 

31.7 

46.7 

45.2 

28.2 

54.2 

19.9 

18.4 

16.6 

21.4 

12.6 

16.1 

(B) 

67.6 

66.7 

63.4 

77,4 

80.2 

47.5 

73.2 

51.4 

50.4 

57.2 

54.9 

(8) 

(B) 

(B) 
'· 

50 

Table 10. Ten Federal Regions--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, and Race 

(l(u11bers in thousand~. Persons as of March 197~. For a list of States contain"d In each region, see page 1<10' 

Low-tne<>11e status 

and race 

ALL INCOII!E LEVELS 

All Races 

Total 

65 years and over. 

In fa11111ea, ,, ••••.•••• , ••••••••• 

Head, 16 years and over •••••• , .•• 

F""'ale,,, . , • , , 

Related children under 18 years'. 

Related children under 6 years. 

OUter h10ily -•bers, .... 

Unrelated individuals , •••••••••.• , 

Will te• 

Total. .... , .• , .•. ,. 

65 years and over, 

In ta11111ea, •••• , ••••••• 

Head, 16 years and over.,, . 

r .... ate ........•................ 

Related children under 18 years'. 

Related children under 6 years. 

Other h11ily •embers •••• , 

Unrelated tndtvlduals •••••••••••••• 

Total .•....•....•....•.•.••.• 

65 years and over., .•.••••• 

In fa•lllea, ••.•••.•••••••••••••••• 

Head, 16 yeara and over •••••••••• 

F-ate .•••••••.•..•••••••••• ,,. 

Related children under 18 yeara 1 • 

Related cb1ldren under 6 yeara. 

Other fa•i ly -•bera •••••••••••• , 

Unrelated tndividuala •••••••••••••• 

All racea ••••••••••.••••••••• 

Standard error •••.••••.•.•• 

.-tlite ••••.••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 

Standard error ••• 

Megro •.••••..•••••••••.•••••••••••• 

Standard error •••.•.••••••••• 

BELOW LOW• IlfCOKE LEVEL 

All Races 

Total •••••••••••••• 

65 years and over 

In families ••••••••••••..•••••••••• 

Head, 16 yeara and oV<!r, •••• 

F""'a1e •••••.••••••••••••••••••• 

Related children under 18 yeara'. 

Relat"d children under 6 years. 

Otlter fa,.ily -•ber& ••••••••••••• 

Unrelated indiVIduals ••••••••••••. 

Tohl. .......•.••.•. 

65 years and over •••••••••• 

In fao.tliea .•••••••.•••••••••.••••• 

Head, 16 years and over ••••••••.• 

Feooale .••••••••••••••••••••.•• • 

Related children under 18 years'. 

Related children under 6 years. 

Other hmUy "'"'"hera ••.••.••••.•. 

Unrehted tndtvlduah •.••••.•.••••• 

See footnotes at end ot table. 

United 

States 

209,343 

21,127 

190,471 

55.702 

7. 238 

65,835 

19,452 

68,934 

18,872 

182,355 

19,206 

166,103 

49,444 

5,211 

55,339 

16,199 

61,320 

16,252 

23,70:1 

1, 722 

21,356 

5,493 

1,936 

9,396 

2,897 

6,467 

2,347 

(Doaton) 

12' 242 

1, 309 

11,1411 

3,159 

3, '" 772 

1,070 

4,217 

1,094 

11,823 

1,293 

10,778 

3,057 

3,605 "' 1,018 

4,116 

1,046 

"' 

,. " 

" " "' " " " 

209,343 . 12,242 

1,157 

182,355 11,823 

1,118 

23,705 308 

24,280 

3,308 

19,440 

5,097 

2,347 

10,214 

3, 294 

4,129 

4,820 

16,310 

2,642 

12,537 

3,476 

1,297 

6,192 

2,081 

2,869 

3, 773 

" 

'" "' "' "' "' "' ,., 

"' "' 

"' ,. 

,., 

"' " "' "' "' ,,. 

(M"w " York) 

24,489 

2,634 

22,081 

6,314 

7,485 '" 

2,072 

8,282 

2,408 

20,998 

2,452 

18,989 

5,512 

6,122 '" 

1,663 

7,355 

2,010 

3,126 

2, 780 '" 

,,. 

1,245 "' 

'" 

, "' .. 

24,489 

1,512 

20,998 

"1,301 

3,126 

'" 

2,498 

1,960 ,,. 

1,097 '" 

,,. 

,., 

"' 

I ,640 

"' 1,226 ,., 

"' ,,. 

'" 

,,. '"

(Philad•!l· "' 

phial 

23,093 

2,354 

21,080 

6,198 

6,880 "' 

2,096 

8,002 

2,013 

19,710 

2,128 

18,067 

5,428 

5,677 "" 1, 728 

6,962 

1,644 

3,226 ,, 

2,871 

"' 1,152 "' 

'" '" "' 

23,093 

1,572 

19,710 

1,348 

3,226 

'" 

2,237 

1,695 "' 

"' '" '" "' "' "' 

1,487 

1,082 "' 

'" "' "' "' "' ,,. 

(Athnta) " 

34,341 

3, 742 

31' 675 

9,434 

1,313 

10,82~ 

3,267 

ll '416 

2,667 

27,049 

3,130 

25,002 

7,807 

776 

7,893 

2,348 

9,302 

2,047 

7,039 

"' 6,448 

1,573 

"' 2,835 

2,040 '" 

"' 

34,341 

1,470 

27,049 

1,171 

7,039 

'" 

5,575 

4,686 "' 

1,210 

2,337 '" 

1,139 "' 

"' 

2,831 

2,253 "' 

'" '" 1,010 

"' "' "' 

Federal Region 

(Chicago) 

44,517 

4,139 

40,887 

11.755 

1,406 

14,344 

4,108 

14,788 

3,629 

40,246 

3,891 

37,075 

10,734 

1,070 

12' 701 

3,562 

13,640 

3,171 

4,075 

3,641 '" 

"' 

1,576 

1,093 '" 

.,, 

44,517 

2,219 

40,246 

2,010 

4,075 

"' 

3, 703 

2,897 "' 

"' '" 1,574 

"' '" '" 

2,718 

2,097 "' 

'" "' 1,090 

'" '" "' 

(Dallas- " Ft. Wort!>) 

22,073 

2,098 

20,251 

5,881 

7,452 "' 

2,233 

6, 918 

1,822 

18,701 

1,802 

17,162 

5,073 

6,042 '" 

1, 796 

6,047 

1,539 

3,182 

2, '" 913 

"' 

1,356 '" 

"' "' "' 

22,073 

1,377 

18.701 

1,175 

3,182 

"' 

4,144 

3,513 '" 

"' 

1,830 "' 

'" ,,. 

'" 

2, 729 

2,250 '" 

""' 1,070 ,., 

'" ., 

(Kansas "' 

City) 

10,609 

1,368 

9,583 

2, 904 

3,263 '" 

3,416 ''" 1,025 

9,866 

1,319 

8,904 

2, 735 

2, '" 911 

3,258 "' 

%' 

'" 

'" "' " '" 

"' 

10,609 

9, '" 866 

"' "' "' 

1,163 

'" "' '" "' '" "' "' '" 

'" '"' "' "' 

"' " "' "' 

VIII 

(Denver) 

6,213 

5, 726 '" 

1,606 

2,178 "' 

1;942 "' 

"' 

6,079 

'" 5,602 

1,574 

2,118 "' 

1,910 '" 

"' 

" ' " " H 

" " ' 

6,213 

1,400 

6,079 

1,370 

" " 

"' HO 

" '" " " 

"' " '" "' 

'" " " "' 

(San 

Francisco) 

24,695 

2, 299 

21,761 

6,551 

7,399 '" 

2,336 

7,811 

2,934 

21,135 

2,025 

18,530 

5,690 

6,158 "' 

1, 962 

6,682 

2,606 

1,8ll 

1,578 

... 

"' "' "' "' ,,. 

24,695" 

1, 770 

21.135 

1,520 

1,811 

"' 

2, 736 

2,129 "' 

"' 

1,129 "' 

'% 

"' '" 

2,123 ,00 l ,:194 

'" '" '" "' '" '" 

cs .. attlel ' 

7,075 

6, '" 279 

1,901 

2,236 "' 

2,142 "' 

"' 

6, 751 

5,995 '" 

1,831 

2,111 "' 

2,0:13 "' 

"' 

"' H 

"' " ' " " " " 

7,075 

1,310 

6, 751 

1,251 

"' " 

'" " '" "' " "' " " '" 

"' 

.,. " 

"' " '" " " "' 

' 
51 

Table 10. Ten Federal Regions--Persons by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, and Race-Continued 

(t\umbers tn thousands, Persons as of ll~rch 1975, For a list of States contained In <'O<'h TCI(lOO, see pal(e 110· 

l.o.,-lncom<· S!atu" 

and o·ace 

llf:LOII' LOll-INCOME LEVEL -Continued 

In farolllc-s. 

Hend, 16 ye~r!< and over. 

female,, .. ,,,.,,,, .. ,,,., 

1\eln ted cl" ld reo undc•· Ill y<.>ars 1 , 

Related children under 6 year10, 

Other fa,.lly members. 

Unrelated >ndlviduals,,,,,,,., 

Standard ~:rrors' 

All rnccs, ,, 

Standard <.>rror. ,. ,, 

Whl te,,.... . ......... . 

Standard error, 

Ne~:rn.,.,.,,.,.,. 

Standard error, ..... ,,,,.,,.,,,., 

PERC£NT BELO\\' 1-A)W- INCmtE LEVEL 

All R~ces 

Total.. 

65 years and over,. 

In fulllies.... . ........... . 

Head, 16 years and over. 

female, .. ,,,,.,.,,.,.,.,, ••• ,,, 

ll<'ht<'<l children under 16 .vears 1 • 

Related children under 6 years. 

Other family •embers ••••••••••.•. 

l!nrcloted individuals ••••••.••.•••• 

White' 

Total. 

65 years and over •. 

In families •.••.•. 

Head, 16 ye~rs and over .•. 

FC10ale •••••.•.•••••••.•••••••. 

Related children under 18 years'. 

Related children under 6 years. 

Other family roembers 

Unrelated lnotvldunh. 

Tot~!. 

65 years and over ••.•. 

In families ..•••••• 

Head, 16 years and over .••••• 

!"emalc •••••• 

Related children under lH years'. 

Related children under 6 yeors. 

Other family memhers. 

Unrelated individuals •.••• 

StAndard Errors' i All races .•. . . . . . . . I Standard error. 

White. 

Standnrd error .•. 

~egro. 

Standard en·or. 

I .. :: j 

.i,· ' UnHed 

• ~.tntes 

7 ;"456 

·6?6 

•6,'-194 

1-, 5:'5 

1,020 

3,11:10 

. 1' 1411 

I ,139 

'" 

24; 260 

16,310 '" 

'" 7,456 

. 172 

ll.6 

15.7 

10.2 

.., 

32.4 

15.5 

16.9 

25.5 '·" 

'·, 

13.11 

'·' '.0 

24.9 

n:2 

12.8 

23,2 

31.5 

36.4 

30.4 

. 27.8 

52.7 

40.8 

39.6 

17.6 

41.0 

11.6 

'-' 

0.' '"' 

:11.5 

OJ 

(lloston) 

'" 

'" " " " " >0 

n 

'" '" '" 195 

'" " 

10.5 

'·' 

28.6 '"' 

ll.5 

13.3 

21.8 '·' 

'-' 

10.4 

'·' 

25.0 '·' 

ll,5 

21.4 

311.:! 

39,4 '"' 

34.2 

59.2 "' 

13,3 '"' 

"' 

'·' o., 

'-' 

0.9 

31!.3 

10.1 

- l!epresents 2ero. B IJase less than 75,000, 

(_~ew " York) 

'" 

696 

'" "' ~54 

'" " '" 

2,498 

1,640 "' 

2f>5 

"" '" 

10.2 

11.9 

'·' 

'"'I 31.1 

14.7 

l7 .1 

.., 

22.3 

'-' 

10.7 

'"' (;,3 

26.6 

10.2 

12.4 

20.6 

25.9 

30.1 

25.0 

22.4 

41.3 

36,5 

39.2 

10.0 

32.9 

10.2 

"·' 

) ·' OJ 

25.9 

.1.0 

(Ph1lad<'l- '" 

pb>O) 

"' ;; 

"' 153 

"' "' '" "' "' 

2,237 

1,487 "' 

'" "' "' 

14.1 

'·' 

211.8 '·' 

12.4 

14.0 

.., 

26._9 

, .. I 13.0 

'·' 

21.8 

10.8 '·' 

'-' 

24.6 

22.7 

24.3 

21.0 

20,9 

~3. 7 

29.3 

29.0 

11.3 

37.2 

22.7 

, . LH!anta) 

2, 687 

2,393 '" 

537 

1,301 

;;o 

'" '" 

J,575 

2,831 "' 

2,687 "' 

'" 

16.2 

21.3 

14.8 

12.8 

311. A 

21.6 

20.4 

10.0 

33.3 

!0.5 

16.2 

'·' 

25.11 '"' 

12.8 

IJ.O 

?.II. 2 

38,2 

47,8 

37.1 

31.1 

58.11 

45.9 

10.0 

27.2 

19.6 

16.2 

10.5 "·' 

'-' 

3!1. 2 

'·' 

~·ederal Region 

957 

)) 

"' 206 

156 

476 

'" " 

3, 703 

2,1111 '" 

,, "' 

'" 

12. '·' H 

u 

'-' 

26.7 

11.0 

13.9 

22.2 

11.8 

5. 7 

5. 2 

20.5 

10,8 

~9.6 

23.5 

29.0 

21.5 

21.2 

47.1 

~~:~ I . 

10,6 '·' 

'"' '·' '-' 

0.5 

~3.5 

'-' 

(Dnllns- '' t't, "orth} 

1,364 

130 

I, 212 

m 

173 

"' '" '" '" 

2, 729 

1,364 "' 

-JIB 

18.8 

28.2 

17.3 

15,1 

~2. 7 

24.6 

25.6 

ll .5 

34,6 

14.6 

25.4 

13.1 

ll.H 

28.5 

17.7 

19.4 

ll.1 '·' 

42,9 

46. t 

41.6 

36.5 

66.5 

54,6 

52.9 

24.3 

56.3 

111.8 

14.6 

42.9 

• ~.5 

\"II 

O.:anSRS 

Cl ty) 

212 

I, 163 

~~:I 

231 

'" , 

11.0 

14.8 

'"' 

32.9 '·' 

11.1 

13.1 

26.5 

'-' 

14.4 

'-' 

2~:~ I · 

'·' '-' 

'.0 

24.7 

48.7 

03) 

48.8 

40.2 

71.4 

63.3 

1;1. 9 

24.5 

'"' 

ll.O 

u 

'-' 

1.5 

411.7 

'·' 

V!Tl 

(D<"n•er) 

" ' " ' 

. " " 

.., 

H.O 

) . ' 

26.4 '·' 

10.3 

13.0 

24.0 

.., 

lJ. 9 

'·' '-' 

25,3 

11.8 '·' 

u 

24.3 

29,2 

29.3 '"' 

'"' "' "' '"' '"' "' 

8,;) 

.., '"' 

29.2 '"' 

37,1 

(Snn " !-"nncl~co) 

"' " '" " " '" " . 

" " 

2. 738 

2,123 '" 

'" "' '" 

11.1 

10.9 

'·' '·) 

31.4 

15,3 

17 .o 

... 

20.7 

10.0 

'"' '-' 

'-' 

29.1 

13.6 

15.7 

20.3 

21.4 

13.2 

21.4 

20,0 

44.5 

JO, 2 

28.6 

10.0 

21.8 

11.1 

10,0 '·' 

>.0 " .., . 

{Seattle) 

" 

'" '" "' "' " " 

12.5 '·' 

'·' ,_, 

30.3 

12.4 

13.2 

22.6 

12.8 '·' 

) ·' 

29,1 '·' 

11.2 

12.0 

22.9 

22.1 

22.7 "'

"' '"' '" "' "' "' 

' ' '"' '·' 

22.1 '"' 

21.2 

'Includes a small numb"r of !amily heads and spouses 14 and 15 years old. 2

The data on persons by race In tables6,.10-15, 45 and 46 differ from thoae In other tab!~" of this report ~h<"rc persons are classift"d b\" race of th<" fnmlly he3<l, · 

'!-'or nn explanation of the uae of standard errors, see sectlor> entitled ""sourc~ nnd Rl"linbility of the f:~tlnmtes." 
52 

Table 11. Educational Attainment--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Age, Sex, and Race 

Years of school completed and 

••• 

BOTH SEXES 

All Ages 

Total.., .•••• ,.,, .....•..•.• , •••..••. 

No yeara of school completed ••••• ,., ••••.•• 

Ele~~~entary, total,, ......... ,,,,,,, .•...... 

1 to 5 years ..........• ,.,, ••••...•..•••• 

6 to 8 years •..•.....••••••••....•.•. ,,,, 

High schO<Jl, total,,,.,., ••.•.•• , •••••••••. 

1 to 3 years.,.,.,,,,,, ........ ,.,,,, ... . 

4 years ••••.••••••••• • • • · • • • • · • ••• • • • • • · • College (1 year or DOre) •.•• ,,,,,,,, •.•. ,,, 

Median years of school coa~pleted., ••••.•••. 

Percent not a high school graduate,, •. ,,,,, 

14 to 21 Years 

Total .•••••••••• , •••• ,,.,., ••••• :.,., 

No years of school completed.,,,,., ••••• , •• 

Elementary, total •••••••••••.••••••••••.••• 

1 to 5 years ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••• 

6 to 8 years ........................... .. 

High school, total •• , ••••••••••• , ••••••••• , 

1 to 3 years •••••••••••••••••••••.••••••• 

4 years ............ , ... • • • .. • • · • •• • •.• .. .. 

College (1 year or DOre) .................. . 

Median years of school completed,,,, •••••• , 

Percent not a high school graduate, •••••••• 

22 to 34 Years 

Total •••••••• r······················· No ~ears of school ~0111pleted •••••••.••••••• 

Elea~entary, total •• , ...................... .. 

1-·~-···························· 

H~h t~c!~~:r~~~~i:!:: ::::::::::::::::::::: 

1 to 3 years,,,., •••.• ,.,,,., •••• ,,,,,,,. 

4 years,,,,,,,,, •.• , .••••••••.. ,,,. • • • • • · 

College (1 year or morel ................. .. 

Median years of school c0111pleted,, ••.•••••• 

Percent not a high school graduate,,,,,,,,.' 

35 to 44 Years 

Total, ••••••• ,,., •• , •••• , •• ,,,,,, •••• 

No years of school completed ••• ,,,,,,, •••• , 

Elementary, total •.•••••••••.•••••••••••••• 

1 to 5 years ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••• 

6 to 8 years ••• , •••••••.•..••••••••••.••• 

High school, total, ••• , ••••••• , •••••••••••• 

1 to 3 years ••• ,,,,,,., •••• ,,., ••.••.•••• 

4 yesrs, ••• ,, ••••••••••••••••• , •• ,. • • • • •• 

College (1 year or n~ore) .................. . 

Median years of school completed ••••.••.• ,. 

Percer~t not a high school graduate,, ••.••• , 

See footnotes at end of table, 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

159,948 

1' 277 

32,250 

5, 740 

26,510 

87,097 

32,632 

54,465 

39,323 

12.3 

41,4 

32,378 

7,461 " 

145 

7,316 

20,889 

13,251 

7,638 

3,935 

11,0 

64.3 

40,764 

126 

2,262 

1,889 "' 

21,906 

4,887 

17,019 

16,470 

12.8 

17.8 

22,607 

96 

2,674 

600 

2,074 

13,204 

3,673 

9,531 

6,632 

12,5 

28,5 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number uf 

16,132 

397 

6,187 

1, 721 

4,466 

7' 703 

4,223 

3,480 

1,845 

10.1 

67 .o 

4' 146 

15 

1,386 

75 

1,311 

2,462 

1' 755 

707 

"2 

10,1 

76,1 

3,399 

21 

648 

"' 509 

1, 954 

873 

1,081 

775 

12,1 

45.4 

1, 793 

560 " 

184 

376 

967 

460 

507 

231 

11.0 

58,8 

total 

10,1 

31,1 

19,2 

30.0 

16.8 

••• 12,9 

6.4 

4. 7 

(X) 

(X) 

12.8 

16.1 

18.6 

51,7 

17,9 

11.8 

13.2 

9.3 

7.2 

(X) 

(X) 

8.3 

16,9 

28.8 

37,2 

26.9 

8.9 

17,9 

6.4 

4. 7 

(X) 

(X) 

35,1 

20.9 

30.7 

18.1 

7.3 

12.5 

1.3 

3.5 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

140,967 

946 

26,931 

4,002 

22,929 

77,015 

27,644 

49,371 

36,075 

12,3 

39,4 

27,653 

78 

6,174 

93 

6,081 

17,861 

11,172 

6,689 

3,538 

11.0 

63,0 

35,622 

110 

1,876 

307 

1,569 

18,783 

3,882 

14,901 

14,853 

12.8 

16,5 

19,818 

82 

2,109 

430 

1,679 

11,601 

2,976 

8,625 

6,025 

i2,5 

26.1 

White 1 

Below low-inc0111e 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

11,308 

248 

4,288 

1,044 

3,244 

5,248 

2,648 

2,600 

1, 523 

10.3 

63,5 

2,530 

7 

849 

.. ... 1,458 

1,012 

446 

215 

10.2 

73.8 

2,428 

17 

475 

100 

375 

1,314 

539 

775 

623 

12.2 

42.4 

1, 212 

28 

"' 109 

247 

634 

262 

"' 193 

u.s 

53,3 

total 

8.0 

26.2 

15.9 

26.1 

14.1 

6:8 

9.6 

1.3 

4.2 

(X) 

(X) 

9,1 

9.0 

13.8 

48,4 

13.2 

8.2 

9.1 

6.7 

6.1 

(X) 

(X) 

6.8 

15 .s 25.3 

32.6 

23.9 

7.0 

13,9 

1.2 

4.2 

(X) 

(X)" 

6.1 

33.7 

16.9 

25.4 

14,7 

5 ·' 8.8 

4.3 

3.2 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

16,555 

258 

4,928 

1 ,632 

3,296 

9,005 

4,593 

4,412 

2,363 

11,0 

59.1 

4,243 

15 

1,183 

52 

1,131 

2, 730 

1,868 

862 

317 

10.5 

72,3 

4,312 

10 

337 

55 

282 

2,832 

943 

1,889 

1,134 

12,5 

29,9 

2,376 

8 

521 

162 

363 

1,435 

668 

767 

407 

11,9 

50,6 

Negro 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

4,490 

125 

1,814 

... , 1,169 

2,309 

1,499 

810 

242 

9.6 

76,6 

1,530 

6 

523 

31 

492 

947 

702 

245 

53 

10.0 

80,5 

867 

161 

37 

124 

602 

319 

2'l 

105 

11,6 

55.3 

542 

4 

193 

74 

119 

316 

191 

125 

28 

10.2 

71.6 

total 

27,1 

48.2 

36.8 

39,5 

35,5 

21.6 

32,6 

18,4 

10.2" 

(X) 

(X) 

36,1 

(B) 

44.2 

(B) 

43,5 

34.7 

37.6 

28.4 

16,7 

(X) 

(X) 

20.1 

(8) 

47,8 

(B) 

44.0 

21.3 

33,8 

15,0 

9.3 

(X) 

(X) 

22.8 

(B) 

36.8 

45.4 

32.8 

22.0 

28,6 

16,3 

7.0 

(X) 

(X) 
53 

Table 11. Educational Attainment--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Age, Sex, and Race-Continued 

Years of school completed and 

••• 

BOlli SEXES--Continued 

45 to 54 Years 

Total, ••.•• ,.,,, .• , •.•.••.•.• ,,,.,,, •• 

No years of school completed .• ,,.,,,,, •••••• 

Elementary, total,, ..... ,,.,,,,,, ••.• , ...• ,. 

1 to 5 years, ....... ,,,,,,,., .......... ,,, 

·-·~-······························ High school, total, •••.•••. , .•......•.•••••• 

1 to 3 years ...•••••.•..•......•. ,,,,,,,,, 

4 years, •• ,., ••......•.. , .••• , .•• ,., •.•... 

College (1 year or more),. •••••••••••······· 

Median years of school completed ••••••..•• ,. 

Percent not a high school graduate,,.,,,,,,, 

55 to 64 Yeara 

Total •••• , •• , •••.• , •••••.••••••••••••• 

No years of school completed, ••••••••••••••• 

Elelllentary, total •• , ••.••••••••••••••••••••• 

1 to 5 years, •••••••.••••••• ,, ••••••• , •••• 

6 to 8 years .•• ,,,,,,,, ••••.•••••••.•••••• 

High sc.bool, total., • , . , , • , •• , , , ••••• , , , , , , • 

1 to 3 years ............................ .. 

4 years ••••••••••• , •.•••••••• , ••••• ,., •••• 

College (1 year or more) ••••••••• ." •••.•••••• 

lied ian years of school completed, •••••• ,, .•• 

Percent not a· b~b ""honl g-rArlu,.te, ••••.•.•. 

65 Years and OVer 

Total ................................ . 

No years of school completed ••••••••••• ,., •• 

Elementary, total •••••.•••••••••••••••• , •••• 

1-·~- ............................. . ···~-······························ High school, total •••..•••••• , •• , • , ••••••• , • 

1 to 3 years •• , •••••.• ,., •••• , ••• ,,.,,, ••• 

4 years ••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

College ( 1 year or atare). , , ••••..•••••• , • , •• 

Median years of school completed ••.••••••••• 

Percent not a high school graduate, •• ,., •.•• 

MALE 

~11 Ages 

Total •••••••.••••••••••••••.•.•••••••• 

No yeara of school completed,,,,,,,., ••• ,,,, 

Elementary, total ••••• ,.,, •• ,.,, ••••. ,.,,, •• 

1 to 5 years •••••••••••••••••.•.•..••••••• 

6 to 8 yeara ••••••••.•••••••••••••••.••••• 

High achool, total, .••.••.•..•.•• , ••.•.•••• , 

1 to 3 years •••.••••.•• ,,,,,,,,; •.••••.••• 

4 years •••••••••••••••••••.••.•••••••••••. 

College (1 year or more). ................. .. 

Median years of school completed,,, .•.•. ,,,, 

Percent not a high school graduate.,,,,,,,,. 

See footnotes at end of table, 

(NUIIIbers in thousands, Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

23,586 

116 

4,311 

3,359 '" 

13,571 

4,092 

9,479 

5,547 

12.3 

36.3 

19,486 

188 

5,620 

1, 211 

4,409 

10,201 

3,578 

6,623 

3,475 

12.1 

48.2 

21,127 

617 

9, 921 

2,460 

7,461 

7,325 

3,150 

4,175 

3,263 

5,0 

64.8 

76,349 

640 

15,889 

3,016 

12,873 

38,486 

15,166 

23' 320 

21,334 

12,3 

41.5 

AlL races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,645 

687 " 

2<7 

440 

750 

318 

352 

156 

5,7 

66.7 

1,842 

" '" 318 

571 

730 

34.1 

385 

1<5 

8,8 

71,1 

3,308 

156 

2,017 

718 

1, 259 

840 

436 

404 

255 

8.2 

80,1 

6,153 

188 

2,533 

776\ 

1 '757 

2,621 

1,481 

1,140 

810 

5,7 

68,3 

total 

7 .o 

33,6 

15.9 

26.0 

13,1 

'·' 8,7 

4,1 

2.8 

(X) 

(X) 

'·' 

42.0 

15,8 

26,3 

13.0 

7,2 

'·' '·' 4,2 

(X) 

(X) 

15.7 

31.8 

20,3 

30,8 

16,9 

11.5 

13.8 

5,7 

7.8 

(X) 

(X) 

8,1 

29,4 

15.9 

25,7 

13,6 

6.8 

4,5 '·' 

3.8 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

21,045 

lU 

3,456 

628 

2,828 

12,306 

3,454 

8,852 

5,172 

12,4 

33.4 

17,623 

126 

. 4,669 

767 

3,902 

9,514 

3,199 

6' 315 

3,314 

12.1 

45,4 

19,206 

435 

8,646 

1 '778 

6,868 

6,948 

2,960 

3,988 

3,173 

62,7 '·' 

67,655 

453 

13_,313 

2,088 

11,225 

34,131 

12,948 

21,183 

19,758 

12,3 

39,5 

White• 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Xumber of 

1' 102 

34 

431 

126 

305 

518 

217 

301 

115 

:J.0,2 

61.9 

1,396 

47 

634 

188 

446 

'" 246 

346 

124 

66,4 "'

2,642 

Ill 

1,545 

477 

1,068 

734 

373 

361 

248 

8,5 

76,9 

4,361 

107 

1, 752 

465 

1,283 

1, 821 

526 

"' 680 

10.0 

63,9 

total 

30.6 

12.5 

20.1 

10.8 

4,2 

6,3 

3,4 

2.3 

(X) 

(X) 

7,5 

37.3 

13.6 

24.5 

11.4 

6,2 

7,7 

5,5 

3.7 

(X) 

(X) 

13.8 

26.2 

17,9 

26,8 

15,6 

10,6 

12.6 

5,1 

7,8 

(X) 

(X) 

6,4 

23,6 

13.2 

22.5 

11,4 

5,3 

7.2 

4,2 

3,4 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

2, 218 

37 

756 

304 

452 

1' 101 

588 

513 

285 

10,4 

64,0 

1,685 

., 

502 

424 

478 

'"' 354 

242 

137 

8.3 

77,5 

1, 722 

141 

1,186 

636 

550 

311 

172 

135 

84 

6,5 

87,0 

7,509 

161 

2,409 

871 

1,538 

3,857 

2,003 

1,854 

1,082 

10.8 

60.9 

Negro1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

506 

17 

246 

116 

130 

211 

131 

·10 

25 

78.5 '·' 

420 

27 

244 

121 

115 

130 

50 

40 

20 

7 ,I 

86,0 

626 

70 

<50 

263 

187 

101 

64 

37 

6 

5,6 

93.2 

1,614 

72 

736 

287 

445 

721 

Ill 

214 

81 

5,0 

81,7 

total 

22.8 

30.9 '"' 

38.2 

26,4 

19,5 

22.9 

15,5 

10,2 

. "' (X) 

24.9 

(B) 

27,1 

29.5 

24,5 

21.8 

25.4 

16.5 

14,6 

(X) 

"' 

36.4 

50,1 

37.9 

41.4 

34.0 

32,5 

36,9 

26,4 

7 .o 

(X) 

(X) 

21.5 

44,6 

30.6 

33.0 

29,2 

18.8 

25.5 

11.5 

7 ,I 

(X) 

(X) 
54 

Table 11. Educational Attainment--Persons 14 Years Old a~d Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Age, Sex, and Race-Continued 

Years of school completed and 

••• 

MALE--continued 

14 to 21 Years 

Total. 

No years of school completed. 

Element11ry, total. 

1 to 5 years: ... 

6 to 8 years. 

High school, total. 

1 to 3 years, 

4 yeara, 

College ( 1 year or more) ... · .. 

Median years of school completed. 

~rcent not a high school graduate. 

22 to 34 Years 

Total .. 

No years of school ccapleted. 

Elementary, total .. 

1 to 5 years .. 

6 to 8 years. 

High school, total. 

1 to J years ... 

4 years .....•....•.... 

College {l year or more) ......... . 

Median year1> of school cOlllpleted. 

Percent not a. high school graduate. 

35 to 44 Years 

Total. 

No years of school completed. 

Elem.entary, total. 

1 to 5 years .. 

6 to 8 years .. 

High school, total. 

1 to 3 years. 

4 years. 

College ( 1 year or more). 

Median years of school completed, 

Percent not a high school graduate ... 

45 to 54 Years 

Total. 

No years of school completed, 

Elementary, total. 

1 to 5 years .. . 

6 to 8 years .. . 

High school, total., 

1 to 3 years. 

4 years ... 

College (1 year or more) .. 

Median years of school completed. 

Percent not a higb school graduate. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

16,109 

3,961 " 

105 

3,856 

10,171 

6,664 

3,507 

1 ,923 

10.8 

66.3 

19,979 

66 

1,107 

180 

927 

9,673 

2,122 

1,551 

9,131 

12.9 

16.5 

10,992 

1,435 " 

1,083 "' 

5,661 

1,611 

4,050 

3,847 

12.6 

28,1 

11,366 

85 

2,294 

1 '720 '" 

5,801 

1,899 

3,902 

3,185 

12.4 

37.6 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,918 

"' 51 

.682 

1,060 

191 

263 

"' 

,_, 

80.1 

1,202 

231 ' 

"' "' 231 

"' <00 

12 

39.4 

000 

235 " 

92 

10 ' 501 

25 

290 

16ll "' 

23< 

130 " 

" 

'-' 

68.0 

total 

11.9 

(ll) 

185 

4ll6 

17.7 

10.4 

12.0 

7.5 

6.1 

"' (X) 

6.0 

(B) 

20.9 

31.5 

18.8 

,_, 

11.2 

'·' '-' 

0.3 

(B) 

16.4 

26.1 

13.2 

5.' 

'·' '-' 

2.1 

(X) 

(X) 

5.' 

2B ' 

12 ' 22.3 

'-' 

<.0 

5,2. 

3.5 

,_, 

(X) 

(X) 

Tota t 

13,834 

3,270 "

3,201 " 8,762 

5,642 

3,120 

1, 756 

10.9 

64.8 

17,665 

00 

B31 

"' 

8,331 "' 

1,706 

6,625 

8,342 

12.9 

15.3 

9,745 

41 

1,166 

255 

,11 

5,005 

1,318 

3,687 

3,533 

12.6 

25.9 

10,194 

54 

1 ,858 

30. 

1,470 

5,281 

1,639 

3,642 

3,002 

12.4 

34,8 

White 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,145 

2 

«6 

" "' 600 

"' 111 

" 

'-' 

11.3 

040 

6 

167 

35 

132 

111 "' 

266 

330 

12.5 

36.6 

50' 

10 

" !15 

2>1 

100 

"' " 

u.s 

535 

'" 

" "' 66 

125 

183 

12 

111 

,_, 

63.6 

total 

'" 13.6 

(B) 

13.0 

'-' 

1.1 

5. 5 

'-' 

(X) 

(X) 

5. 3 

(B) 

17.9 

25.3 

16.7 

5.2 

10.0 

'-' 

'.0 

(X) 

(X) 

5.2 

(B) 

13.5 

24.1 

10.4 

5. 0 

'· 0 3.' 

2.o 

(X) 

(X) 

<.3 

(B) 

"' 11.4 

,_, 

3. 5 

'-' 

3.0 

1 _, 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

2,032 

11 

63B 

35 

1 ,259 '" 

"B 

301 

12< 

10.2 

76.1 

1 '923 

155 ' 

32 

123 

1,219 

392 

5<0 "' 

12.5 

28.9 

1,043 

254 ' 

101 " 

501 

2B3 

300 

l82 

11.8 

52.1 

1,017 

2B 

"' lBO 

2<2 

«O 

22ll 

212 

126 

'-' 

66,7 

Negro' 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

~umber of 

5 

2BO 

22 

25ll 

"' 333 

" l8 

85.8 '·' 

20< 

54 

l8 

35 

'" 

50 " 

<0 

11.4 

:::.:::..:::. 

166 

4 

" " 

19 " 

33 " 

' 

' 3 

15 ' 

105 

13 

" 51 

" 

25 " 

21 

' 1.2 

82.5 

total 

35.4 

(ll) 

43.9 

(B) 

" 332 ' 31.1 

23.5 

14.5 

(X) 

(X) 

10,6 

(B) 

34.8 

(B) 

28.5 

'-' ·1s .2 

'- 1 1 5 

(X) 

(X) 

15.9 

(B) 

29.1 

31.2 

28.0 

13.4 

16.4 

10.6 

'-' 

(X) 

(X) 

16.2 

(B) 

23.2 

31 5 

16 ' 105 

lOll 

,_, 

'-' 

(X) 

(X) 
55 

Table 11. Educational Attainment--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 

1974, Age, Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Year!! of school completed and 

••• 

MALE--Continued 

55 to 64 Years 

Total.,,,, .. : ............•••••••....•• 

No years ot school completed,, •••• , .•.• ,.,,, 

Eleaentaey, total,, .. ,., ......•• ,,., ••...•.. 

1 to 5 years •...•.•.•. ,,.,,,,,,,., ••...•• , 

6 to 8 years,,,, .•... , .. , ...•••••••••....• 

High school, total,,,,,,,,,,, ••.••.•••••••.• 

1 to :3 years ••••.•.•••••••••••.••.•••••••• 

4 years •.•••••••••••••••••••.•••••.••••••• 

College (1 year or 1110re) ••••••. : •.•••••••••• · 

Median years of school completed ••••••••••.• 

Percent not a high school graduate •••••••••• 

65 Years and Over 

Total, ••••••••••.••••••••.•••••••••••• 

No years of school co:-.p1eted •••••••••••••••• 

Elea~entary, total ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

1to5yesrs •••••••• ; ••••••••••••••••••••• 

6 to 8 years ••••••••••••••••••••• •-.: ••••••• 

High school., total ................... "": •••••• 

1 to :3 years ............................. . 

4 years •••••••• ~ •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

College (1 year or ~&are) •••••••••••.•••••••• 

Median years of school completed •••••••••.•• 

Percent not a high school graduate •••••••••• 

FDIALE 

All Ages 

Total •••••.•••.•••••••••••.••••••••••• 

No years of school completed •••••••••••••••• 

Elementary, total ••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

1 to 5 years .••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

6 to 8 years ••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••.• 

High school, total ••••.••••••••••••••••••••• 

1 to :3 years •••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 

4 years ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

College (1 year or 1110re) ••••.••••••••••••••• 

Median years of school completed •••••••.•••• 

Percent not a high school graduate •. ~ •.••••• 

14 to 21 Years 

Total ..••..••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

No years of school completed, •••••••••.•.••. 

Ele111entary, total •••••••••.•.•••••••••••.••• 

1 to 5 years •••.••••••••••••••••••••••••.• 

6 to 8 years •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

High school, total ••••.••••••••••••••••••••• 

1 to :3 years ••••••••• •• •••.•••••.••• ••• ••• 

4 years ••.••..••.•...•••••.•••••.•.••••••• 

College (1 year or more). ••••.•.•••••••••••• 

Median years of school completed .••••••••••• 

Percent not a high school graduate •••• ••• ••• 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

9,181 

103 

2,784 

625 

2,159 

4,488 

1,646 

2,842 

1,805 

12.0 

49.4 

8,722 

280 

4,308 

1,179 

:3,129 

2,691 

1,224 

1,467 

1,444 

8.9 

66.6 

83,599 

6!07 

16,361 

2,724 

13,637 

48,613 

17,467 

31,146 

17,988 

12.2 

41.2 

16,269 

37 

3,500 

40 

:3,460 

10,718 

6,587 

4,131 

2,01:3 

11.1 

62.2 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

43 

364 

... 

220 

234 

104 

130 

53 

8.2 

7:3,7 

1,03:3 

92 

676 

306 

370 

189 

•• 101 

76 

7.6 

82.8 

9,979 

209 

3,654 

945 

2,709 

5,082 

2,742 

2,340 

1,035 

10.2 

66.2 

2,228 

8 

652 

24 

628 

1,401 

957 

444 

165 

10.4 

72.6 

total 

41.7 

13,1 

23,0 

10.2 

5.2 

6.3 

4.6 

2.9 

(X) 

(X) 

11.8 

33.0 

15.7 

25.9 

11.8 

7,0 

7.2 

6.9 

5.3 

(X) 

(X) 

11.9 

32.8 

22.3 

34,7 

19.9 

10.5 

15.7 

7.5 

5.8 

(X) 

(X) 

13.7 

(B) 

18.6 

(B) 

18.2 

13.1 

14.5 

10.7 

8.2 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

8,324 

65 

2,330 

3" 

1,931 

4,200 

1,48:3 

2,717 

1,730 

12.1 

46.6 

7,893 

188 

3,757 

838 

2,919 

2,552 

1,160 

1,392 

1,396 

9.0 

64.7 

73,312 

493 

13,617 

1,914 

11,703 

42,884 

14,696 

28,188 

16,317 

12.3 

39.3 

13,819 

33 

2,904 

24 

2,880 

9,100 

5,532 

3,568 

1,783 

11.2 

61.3 

Whtte 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

24 

279 

- 90 

189 

182 

66 

"' 49 

8.4 

68.8 

53 

510 

188 

324 

162 

76 

86 

72 

8.2 

80.1 

6,946 

141 

2,535 

575 

1,960 

3,427 

1,722 

1,705 

843 

10.4 

63.3 

1,384 

6 

402 

16 

366 

850 

575 

275 

125 

10.5 

71.0 

total 

6.4 

(B) 

12.0 

22.6 

9.8 

4.3 

4.5 

4.3 

2,8 

(X) 

(X) 

10.1. 

28.4 

13.6 

22.2 

11.1 

6.3 

6.5 

6.2 

5.2 

(X) 

(X) 

'·' 

28.6 

18.6 

30.0 

16.7 

8.0 

11.7 

6.0 

5.2 

(X) 

(X) 

10.0 

(B) 

13.8 

(B) 

13.4 

9.3 

10.4 

7. 7 

7 .o 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

36 

436 

223 

213 

236 

146 

90 

58 

727 

73 

504 

307 

197 

110 

55 

55 

40 

5.7 

86.8 

9,046 

97 

2,518 

761 

1,757 

5,148 

2,590 

2,558 

1,281 

11.2 

57.6 

2,212 

4 

543 

16 

527 

1,470 

969 

501 

194 

10,7 

68,5 

Negro 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

150 

19 

79 

53 

26 

49 

34 

15 

4 

6.4 

88.0 

210 

31 

152 

109 

43 

24 

13 

11 

3 

4.4 

93.3 

2,876 

53 

1,078 

358 

720 

1,584 

988 

596 

161 

9.9 

73.7 

608 

1 

245 

236 ' 528 

367 

161 

35 

10.3 

75,9 

total 

19.6 

(B) 

18.1 

23.8 

12.2 

20.8 

2:3.3 

16.7 

(B) 

(X) 

(X) 

28.8 

(B) 

:30.2 

35.5 

21.8 

21.8 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(X) 

(X) 

31.8 

M.2 

42.8 

47.0 

41.0 

30.8 

38.1 

23.3 

12.5 

(X) 

(X) 

36.5 

(B) 

45.1 

(B) 

44.8 

35.9 

37.9 

32.1 

18.0 

(X) 

(X) 
56 

fable 11. Educational· Attainment--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by low-Income Status in 

1974, Age, Sex, and Race-Continued 

Years of school completed and 

"'" 

FEMALE--Continued 

22 to 34 Years 

Total. ,, ...... , , , ....... . 

No years of school completed .••.• ,,, ••• ,,,,. 

Elementary, total,,, •• ,,,, •..• ,, •. ,,,, .•. ,,, 

1 to 5 years ...... ,, ..... , ... ,,,, ... ,": ... . 

6 to s years, ..... ,,, ... ,, ..... , ... ,,, ... , 

High school, total .•••.•• , ••.•• ,,, •••• ,, .•.. 

1 to 3 years.,,,,.,,,,, .. ,,,, .. ,,,, .. ,,,,. 

4 years •. ,, •..•••• , ••.•••••.•. ,., ••. , ••••• 

College (1 year or more), •• ,.,,, •.. ,, •. ,;,,, 

Median years or school completed ••. ,,, ••• ,,, 

Percent not a high school graduate ••••• , •••• 

35 to 44 Years 

Total,, •.• ,,,,, •.•• , ••.•• , •••.• , •••••. 

No years or school completed .•. ,, •••• ,,, .•.• 

Elementary, total .......................... . 

·-·-~ .....••...........•....•.•.... 6 to 8 years •.••.•. ,.,,.,,, •••. ,,, •• ,,,.,. 

High school, total ......................... . 

·-~-~ ............................. . 4 years •••••••••• ,,,,, •• ,,.,,,,, ••• ,,, .••• 

College (1 year or 1110re),,, •••• ,,,, •• ,,,, .•• 

Median years or school completed, ••••••• ,.,. 

Percent not a high school graduate, •.• ,, •••• 

45 to 54 Years 

Total, •.•••••.••••• , ••.••••.••••••.••• 

No years or school completed,, ••• ,,,,,., •• ,, 

Elementary, total .......................... . 

1 to 5 years, ••••••.•• , •.•••••.••••••••••• 

·-6-~ ............................ ,, High school, total, , • , •• , • , •.••• , , ••• , , , , .•• 

1 to 3 years,,, •• ,,,, •• ,,,,, •• ,,,, •. ,,,,,. 

4 years .•• ,, ••••• ,,, •• ,,,,, •• ,,,., •• ,, •• ,. 

Col1ege (1 year or aoore) •••••••••••••••••••• 

llledian years or school completed.,, •••. ,,, •• 

Percent not a high school graduate,, •.• ,, ••• 

55 to 64 Years 

Total.,., •.••.• ,, ••• ,., ••• , •.•.••••... 

No years of school completed, .•• ,, .•••• ,, ••. 

Elementary, total,, .•• , , , .•• , , , ••. , , , •.•. , , , 

1 to 5 years,,,, •••• ,, .• ,,, •. ,,,, .••• ,,,,. 

6 to 8 years,, .••• ,,, •• ,,, •.•• ,, .••.• ,,, •• 

High school, total. ••. ,, .... ,, ..... , .•.• ,,,. 

1 to 3 years ••.••••.••.•...•.•. 

4 years,,,, •• ,,,, •.• ,,, •.• ,,,, ••. ,, •• ,.,,, 

College (1 year or more).,." ............... .. 

Median years of school completed .•• ,., •••••• 

Percent not a high school graduate.,,, ••• ,,, 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 197~)_ 

Total 

20,785 

59 

1,154 

"' 962 

12,233 

2,766 

9,467 

7,339 

12,7. 

19,1 

11,615 

1,240 " 

2<6 

992 

7,543 

2,062 

5,481 

2,784 

12,4 

28,8 

12,220 

2,017 " 

1,639 "' 7,770 

2,193 

5,577 

2,362 

12,3 

35,0 

10,305 

2,837 "· 

065 

2,252 

5,714 

1,932 

3,782 

1,670 

12,1 

47 ,l 

All race.o; 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,197 

"6 " 

136 " 1,388 

Ill 

"' "' 

12,0 

48.7 

1,103 

120 " 

'II 

... 

304 

I" 

>29 

11.1 

58.6 

1,030 

26 

... "' 

"' '" ,.. 

. 256 

"' 

10,1 

60,9 

1,148 

36 

... 

m 

3 .. 

496 

'" 206 

92 

9,2 

69,6 

total 

10,6 

(B) 

36.2 

42.7 

34.9 

11,3 

23,0 

"' ••• 

(X) 

(X) 

9.5 

(B) 

26.2 

37.2 

23,5 

6,4 

14,7 

6,0 

4,6 

(X) 

(X) 

(B) 

19.4 

31,6 

16,5 

11,8 '·' 

4,6 

4,0 

(X) 

(X) 

11,1 

42,9 

18,5 

29,7 

15,6 

6,' 

12.3 

6,6 

••• 

(X) 

(X) 

Tot a 1 

17,957 

50 

94' 

'" 10,452 "'

2;176 

8,276 

6,511 

12,7 

17,7 

10,073 

944 " 

"' 

6,597 '" 

1,659 

4,938 

2,492 

12,5 

26.2 

10,851 

1,599 " 

241. 

1,358 

7,024 

1,815 

5,209 

2,170 

12,4 

32,0 

9,299 

2,339 " 

166 

1 ,971 

5,314 

1, 715 

3,599 

1,585 

12.1 

44.3 

Bel~w ·low-1ncome 

level 

Percent 

.'lumber of 

1,488 

'" 300 

... ,., 

.... 368 "' 

~ 5_09 

"' 

20() " 

.. 

164 '" 

"' 2" 

W2 

11.6 

53.2 

666 

22 

'19 

59 

... 

... 

145~ 

.,. 

" 10,5 

60,8 

860" 

·'a.!!~ 

2" " . 409 

'1791 

230-

'?5~ 

9,9, 

64.,7: 

_,;. ;~, 

-:···,, 

..) 

total 

6,1 

(B) 

32,3 

38,4 

31;1 

6,4 

16,9 

6,2 

4,5 

(X) 

(X) 

'·· 

(6) 

21.2 

27.3 

19,8 

0,6 

9.4 

4,6 

... 

(X) 

(X) 

'·' 

(B) 

14,9 

. 24,4 

13,3 

... 

6,0 

3,6 

~-3 

(X) 

(X) 

(B) 

15.1 

26,6 

13,0 

10.4 '·' 

6,4 

'·' 

(X) 

(X) 

' 

~-. ;-

,. 

i' ~-

Total 

2,389 

2 

... 

22 

... 1,612 

... 1 ,061 

594 

12,4 

30,7 

1,333 

2 

"' 69 

201 

044 

165 

459-

2 .. 

12.0 

49.4 

1,201 

9 

372 

"' 249 

160 '" 

30> 

.. 6 

10,8 

61,7 

"' 

.. 466 

20> 

160 "' 

206 

.. 2 

" 

6,6 

75,1 

Negro1 

Below low-income' 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

661 

••• 

" 

492 " 

259 

211 

64 

11,6 

55.2 

376 

U6 

<5 

236 " 

... 91 

" 10,4 

69.9 

4 

'" 09 

66 

"9 

uo 

59 

" 

'-' 

76.5 

9 

"' " 90 

62 

56 

26 

.. 

,,6 

.... 

total 

27,6 

(B) 

58.9 

(B) 

56.3 

30.5 

47.0 

21.9 

10.8 

(X) 

(X) 

28,2 

(B) 

43,4 

(B) 

36,0 

28,2 

37,6 

20,1 

9.6 

(X) 

(X) 

28,4 

(B) 

39.5 

48.1 

35,3 

25,6 

30,6 

19,6 

13.2 

(X) 

(X) 

29,5 

(B) 

34.8 

36,3 

33,7 

22.8 

26,9 

17.1 

20,5 

(X) 

(X) 
57 

Table 11. Educational Attainment--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by 'Low-Income Status in 

1974, Age, Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) , f, 

Years of school completed and 

.,, 

FEMALE--Continued 

65 Yea.-s and Over 

Total, ••• ,., •• ,,,.,.,,., •• , ••••••••••• 

No years of school completed,,, ••• , •• ,.,.,., 

Elementary, total, •• , •• ,.,.,,.,.,.,, •• ,.,.,. 

1 '"' years ...........................•.. 

6 '" 8 years .............................. 

High school, total •••• ,.,.,, •.•••• , •..•..•• , 

1 to 3 years, ... , •• ,,,, ................... 

4 years ••••••••.••.•.•.••.•.•••.•••.•.•.•. 

College (1 year or more) .•..•..•••..• , •.• ,., 

Median years of school completed •••••• , •.•.• 

Percent •ot • high school grsduate •• ,, .• ,.,. 

Total 

12,405 

338 

5,614 

1,281 

4,333 

4,634 

1,926 

2,708 

1 ,820 

9.4 

63.5 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number uf 

total 

2,275 18,3 

104 30.8 

1,341 23,9 

452 35.3 

,89 20.5 

651 14,0 

'" 18,1 303 11.2 

"' 9 •• 

•• 4 ,,, 78.8 "' 

Total 

11,313 

4,888 '" 

940 

3,948 

4,397 

1,801 

2,596 

1, 777 

9.9 

61.3 

Whi te1 .\' , : 

Belu,.- low-income · : 

level 

Percent 

C'>umber . ;of 

total 

1 ,844 16.3 

" 24.5 1,005 21.2 

290 30,9 

745 18,9 

572 13.0 

297 16.5 

"' . 10,6 

176 9.9 

•• 6 (X). 

75.6 ,,, 

-Represents zero, B Base lesl!l than 75,000. X Not applicable, •. 

Total 

995 

67 

683 

329 

354 

201 

117 

84 

43 

6.9 

87,2 

. Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

total 

417 41.9 

40 (B) 

298 43,6 

154 46.9 

144 40,7 

77 38,3 

51 43.2 

26 31.1 

3 (B) 

6.3 

93,1 "' "' 'The data on persons by race in tables 6, 10 to 15, 45 and 46 differ from those in other tables of this report where persons are 

classified by the race of the !sally head, 

., : 

. 

/ 
58 

Table 12. Work Experience by Family Status--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status 

in 1974 and Race 

Work eitpel';'ience and family status 

ALL PERSONS 

14 Years and Over 

Total,, .. , •.•• , ••.••••••••. ,., •.••••.• 

Worked last year ••• , ••• , , , •••• , •• , , ; .• , • , _. , 

FUll ti111e •••••••••• ,.,.,, ••• , ••••••••••••• 

50 to 52 weeks •••• , •• , • , • , , •••• , • , • , ••• , 

40 to 49 weeks •••••• , •••••••••••••••••• , 

27 to 39 weeks •• , , •• , , , •• , , , , •• , , , • , , , • , 

26 weeks or le"as •••• , , ••• , • , • , • : • ••••••• 

Part time, .• ,, •••• , •. ,,, •••• , ••••• , ••••• ,, 

SO to 52 weeks. , •• , •• , •••• , ••••••••••••• 

40 to 49 weeks, , , •• , , • , , ••••• , •. , , , •• , , • 

27 to 39 weeks •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

26 weeks or less •••• , •••••••• ,,,.,,, •• ,. 

Did not work last year,, ... ,, .... ,, .. ,,, ... , 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled,, ........ ,, .. ,,, ...... .. 

Keeping house,,, ••• ,, ••••••••••••• , ••••• 

Going to school, ••• ,, ••••••••••• ,,.,, •• , 

Unable to find work, ................... . 

Retired, ••• ,, ••• , •••••••••• , ••• ,, ••• , ••• 

Other, •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• , ••• 

In Armed Forces,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,, •• ,,, ••• ,, •• 

22 to 64 Years 

Tota.l_ ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Worked last year ••••••••• , •• , , • , •••• , ••• , ••• 

Full time, ............................... . 

50 to 52 weeks ••.••••••••••••••••••••••• 

40 to 49 weeks ••••••• ,, ••••••••••••••••• 

77 to 39 weelul •• , •.• , • , , • , , ••• , , •••• , ••• 

26 weeks or leas ........ , ............. .. 

Part time •••••••••• , ••••.•• , ••••••.•• , •••• 

50 to 52 weeks ••••••••••••••••• , •••••••• 

40 to 49 weeks. , •••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Z7 to 39 weeka., •••••••••••• , ••• , • , •••• , 

26 weeks or less ••••••• , ••• , •••••••••••• 

Did not work last year ............... , .... .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .............. , ....... ,., 

Keeping house •• ,., ••• , •••••••• , ••••••••• 

Got ng to school, , , , •• , , , •• , , , , •• , • , •• , , • 

Unable to find work ............... , ... .. 

Retired, •••• ,,, •••••• , •• , ••••••••• ,, ••• , 

Other ••• , ••••• , •••• , ••.•••••••••• , •••••• 

In Araed Forces, ... , .. ,, ..... , .... , ..... , ... 

FAMILY HEADS 

14 Years a.nd Over 

Total,.,.,,,,.,,,,.,,.,,.,., •• ,,,, •• ,. 

Worked last year,,.,, ••• ,, ••••••••••• ,, ••••• 

Full time .......................... , ..... . 

50 to 52 weeks,, ••• ,,, •• ,,, •• ,,,, ••. ,, •• 

40 to 49 weeks ••• , •••••••••• , ••••••••• , • 

77 to 39 weeks. , , , . , , , , , • , , , , .• , , , •• , , , • 

26 weeks or less •• , , , ••• , , , •• , , , •. , , , , • , 

Part time,,, •••••••• ,., ••• ,, •••••••• ,, ••• , 

50 to 52 weeks, , .••• , , ••• , , ••• , •••• , , •.• 

40 to 49 weeks, • , , , , • , , , , •• , , , ••• , , ••. , , 

27 to 39 weeks •.• , , • , •• , , ••••• , ••• , •• , , • 

26 weeks or leas, •• ,,,,.,,,.,,,,,.,,,,., 

Did not work la.st year .................... .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled, ..... , ... ,,,,, .• ,,, .• , .. 

Keeping house . ., ..... ,,, ....... ,,, .... ,, 

Going to school,,,.,,,,,,,,,, .• ,, ••• ,, •• 

Unable to find work .................... . 

Retired.,,,.,,,,,,,,, •••• ,, •• ,,,,,,,,.,, 

Other,,,, •••••• , ••••••••••• , ••.• ,, •••••• 

In Araed Forces,, .... , .... ,, ..... , ... ,, ... ,, 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

159,948 

103 '796 

80,643 

57.253 

7' 136 

5,590 

10,664 

23,153 

2,895 ~:~~I 9,762 

55,087 

8,021 

25,433 

11,795 

1,190 

7,908 

739 

1,064 

106,443 

80,172 

69,143 

52,512 

6,075 

4,383 

6,173 

11,029 

4,287 

1,333 

1,507 

3,902 

25,407 

4,312 

.18,341 

696 

"' 932 

,., 

863 

55,712 

45' 146 

41,910 

34, 195 

3,440 

2,036 

2,239 

3,236 

1,406 

"' 440 

994 

9,639 

2,809 

1,941 

196 

244 

4, 311 

138 

'27 

All races 

Delow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

16,132 

6,376 

3, 961 

1,579 

3" 

425 

1,604 

2,415 

6'9 

16< 

1, "' 346 

9,723 

2,335 

3,663 

2,038 

<12 

1,096 

180 

33 

8,679 

4,267 

2,995 

1,349 

286 

332 

1,026 

1,270 

372 

102 

167 

630 

4,389 

1,343 

2,349 

160 

272 

160 

106 

23 

5,109 

2,691 

2,042 

980 

214 

230 

618 

6<9 

200 

107 

2" 

2,390 

762 

973 

13< " 

<01 

3< 

'" 

total 

10.1 

6.1 

4.9 

2.8 

4.9 

7.6 

15,0 

10,4 

'-' 

6.9 

9.6 

13,8 

17.7 

29.1 

14,4 

17,3 

34,6 

13,9 

24.3 

3.1 

8.2 

5.3 

<.3 

2.6 

4.7 

7.6 

16,6 

11.5 

. 8.7 

'-' 

11.1 

16.1 

17.3 

31.1 

12.8 

23,0 

37.2 

17.2 

26.8 

2. 7 

9.2 

6.0 

4.9 

2.9 

6.2 

11.3 

27,6 

20,1 

14,2 

14.7 

24.2 

28,6 

24.8 

. 27.1 

50.1 

44.4 

55.0 

9.3 

24.4 

2.9 

Tot a 1 

140,967 

92,356 

71,706 

51,420 

6,222 

4,841 

9,224 

20,650 

7,371 

2,172 

2,570 

8,537 

47,671 

6,271 

23,257 

9,421 

826 

7,309 

586 

940 

94' 107 

71,209 

61,427 

47' 114 

5,261 

3, 759 

5, 295 

9, 781 

3,8·27 

1, 213 

1,301 

3,442 

22,141 

3,234 

16,707 

506 

531 

833 

3'" 

757 

49,45~ 

40,550 

37,865 

31,174 

3,033 

1, 775 

1,883 

2,684 

1,192 

333 

355 

604 

8,088 

2,239 

1, 436 

121 

150 

4,034 

107 

813 

White 1 

Be lo"· ·low-income 

level 

Percent 

C'fumber of 

11,308 

4,562 

2, 932 

1,234 

247 

300 

1,152 

1,629 

442 

118 

186 

681 

6, 717 

1,481 

2,822 

1' 123 

217 

942 

132 

29 

6,137 

3,081 

2,238 

1,054 

202 

228 

753 

843 

240 

67 

.., 109 I 

3·::: I 

1, 740 

106 1 

160 

130 

84 

19 

3,482 

1,935 

1,531 

772 

146 

161 

453 

404 

124 

34 

62 

184 

1,524 

458 

600 

" 63 

337 

" 23 

total 

6.0 

4.9 

<.1 

2.4 

4.0 

6.2 

12.5 

7.9 

6.0 

5,5 

7.3 

10,3 

14,1 

23,6 

12,1 

11,9 

26,2 

12,9 

22.5 

3.0 

..,I 

4.3 

3.611 

2.2 

3,8 1 

6.1 I 14.2 

6.6 

6.3 

5.5 

8.4 

12.3 

13,7 

25,2 

10.4 

20.9 

30.1 

15,6 

25.7 

2.5 

7 _, I 4.8 

4.0 

2.5 

4.8 

9.1· 

24.0 

15,0 

10.4 

10,3 

17,5 

22.9 

18,8 

20,5 

41.8 

33,7 

41.9 

2~:: I 2.6 

Total 

I 

I 

16,5551 

9,845 

7. 710 

4,971 

829 

634 

1, "2:11 

2,134 

647 

179 

266 

1,041 

6,614 

1,676 

1, 798 

2,157 

345 

515 

123 

96 

10,590 

7,683 

6,589 

4,566 

741 

513 

no 

1,094 

407 

112 

178 

395 

2,827 

1,033 

1,318 

156 

186 

88 

48 

79 

5,498 

3,993 

3,477 

2,558 

367 

229 

324 

516 

200 

58 

61 

177 

1,419 

540 

m 

60 

84 

232 

27 

66 

Below 10111-income 

level 

Percent 

)(umber of 

4,490 

1,646 

937 

313 

91 

106 

426 

709 

161 

45 

. 80 

423 

2,841 

8'" 

774 

876 

189 

136 

38 

3 

2,334 

1,064 

673 

266 

70 

85 

250 

391 

123 

34 

"1,267 

515 

553 

48 

109 

27 

14 

3 

1,530 

712 

473 

196 

58 

159 

239 

75 

24 

<0 

100 

293 

355 

40 

69 

51 

7 

3 

total 

'".1 

16,7 

12,1 

6.3 

10.9 

16,7 

33,4 

33,2 

24.9 

25,2 

29.9 

40,7 

43,0 

49,3 

43.1 

40,6 

54.9 

26,5 

31.0 

3.0 

22.0 

13,8 

10.2 

5.8 

9.4 

16,6 

32.5 

35.7 

30,2 

30.4 

28,1 

47.3 

44,8 

49,9 

42.0 

30,8 

58.6 

30.7 

{6) 

3.8 

27,8 

17.8 

13,6 

'-' 

16.1 

25.6 

49,1 

46,4 

37.6 

{6) 

50.0 

56,2 

57,4 

54.3 

74,3 

{6) 

81.9 

22.0 

3.< "' 
r... 

59 

Table 12. Work Experience by Family Status--Persons 14 .Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status 

in 1974 and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Work experience nn<l famlly st11tus 

FAMILY HEAPS--Continued 

22 to 64 Years 

Total •• ,., ••• ,, •.• ,, ••.. ,, ••.•. ,,, •.•• 

Worked last year .• ,,, .... ,, .... , ... ,., .... ,. 

FUll time ..• ,, .•• ,,, •• ,., ................ . 

50 to 52 weeks ••.• , •.•.••••••• , ••.•••••• 

40 to 49 Yl'eeks ......................... . 

27 to 39 Yl'eeks,, •. , , , , .• , , , , • , • , , , .•. , , , 

26 weeks or less ....................... . 

Part time., .................. , ....... , •.•• 

SO to 52 weeks,, , • , . , , , .••• , , , •• , , , , .•.• 

40 to 49 weeks •.••• , , •••••••• , • , .•. , , , •• 

27 to 39 weeks ..... ., .................. . 

26 weeks or less .••• ,, •.•.• ,, •• ,.,,,, ••• 

Did not work last year .................... .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ................... , .... . 

Keeping bouse •••••••••••••••• · •.••••.•••• 

Going to school, , •• , , , • , .• , , ••.•• , , •••• , 

Unable to find work .................... . 

Retired, .•.•••••• ,, ••••••••• ,,,, .••• ,,,, 

Other •.••••.•••••••••• , •••••••••.••••••• 

In Armed Forces •• ,,.,,,,, •• ,,, ••••• , •. , ••• ,. 

WIVES 

14 Years and Over 

Total, .•.••• , •••••••.•.••.••••••..•••• 

Worked last year ................ · ........... . 

F\111 time .•• , ............................ . 

SO to 52 weeks.,,, .•• ,., ••. ,,,., .. ,,.,,. 

40 to 49 weeks •••.•••••.•••••••••••••..• 

27 to 39 weeks, .• , •••.•.••• , .•••••.•.••• 

26 weeks or less ............ · .......... .. 

Part time,, ...... , ..... , .... ,, ..... , ..... . 

SO to 52 weeks, , , , • , • , , , •• , ••••.••• , •••• 

40 to 49 weeks •.••••••••••••••••••••.••• 

27 to 39 weeks •.• , ••• , , , •••• , , , ••• , ••••• 

26 weeks or less, ... ., .. , .............. . 

Did not work last year ..................... . 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled,, .......... , ....... , •••• 

Keeping house •. , • , ••• , ••••• , ••••••••••.• 

Going to school •••.••••••••••••••••••••• 

Unable to find work ........ , ........... . 

Retired .••. ,,,,.,, •.•.•.••••• ,,,, .•• ,,,, 

Other ••••.•.••••••••••.•.•• • • • • • • • ••• • • • 

22 to 64 Years 

Total, ............................... . 

Worked last year •.• , •••.• , •••••• , ••.•. , •••.• 

FUll time ........................... , .... . 

SO to 52 weeks, •.•••.••••••••••••••.•• ,. 

40 to 49 weeks •••••••.•••••••.•••••••••• 

27 to 39 weeks. , •• , • , •••••• , ••••.• , • , ••• 

26 weeks or less, •••••. , •.•••••••.•.•••• 

Part time .••••.•• , ....................... . 

50 to 52 weeks •. , , •.•• , ••••• , , ••••. , , , , . 

40 to 49 weeks. , , , ••. , , , , •• , , • , ••. , ••••• 

27 to 39 weeks •••.••••• , ••••.•• , •.•.• , , • 

26 weeks or less ....................... . 

Did not work last yeai ••• ,, •.•• , •.••••.•.••• 

Main reason for not YI'Orking: 

Ill or disabled ..................... , •.• 

Keeping house .•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Going to school, ••••••••..• , ••• ,,,, .•.• , 

Unable to find work .................... . 

Retired ••. ,,, ........ ,, .... ,, .... ,,,, ••• 

Oth.er ••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••• 

See footnotes at end o:r table. 

Total 

46,257 

41,507 

39,518 

32,670 

3,178 

1,825 

1,843 

1,989 

825 

'" "9 

"' 

3,953 

1,634 

1,324 

106 

505 '" 

1:!0 

"' 

46,971 

24,552 

16,893 

10,577 

1,658 

1,673 

2,985 

7,659 

2,900 

886 

98< 

2,887 

22,419 

1,472 

19,645 ,., 

318 

654 

. 86 

40,051 

22,402 

15,469 

9,973 

1,500 

1,462 

2, 532 

6,934 

2,672 

803 8" 

2,563 

17,648 

1,017 

15,989 

151 

,. 

153 

,. 

All races 

Delow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Numb_er of 

3,975 

2, 297 

1, 777 

869 ,.1 

, .. 

"" "1 

106 

., 

91 "8 

1, 657 

"' 830 

60 

"' " ,., 

,. 

"' 435 

16l 

33 

50 

191 

"' " 16 

199 "

1,863 

195 

1,554 

56 " 

" 6 

2,014 

641 

384 

150 

45 " 

1" "8 

" " 

149 " 

1' 373 

146 

1' 162 

10 

44 

6 

3 

total 

8.6 

5.5 

4.5 

6.3 '·' 

11,0 

,., ·' 26.2 

17.9 "'·' 

29.4 

36,8 

41,9 

34,1 

62,7 

36.1 

54.9 

14.5 

22.5 

'-' 

>.6 

3.1 

'·6 

1.5 

'·· 3.0 

6.4 

.., 

,_. 

L8 

2.6 

6.9 

8.3 

13.2 

'·9 

10,5 

17.9 

3.8 

'-' 

5.0 

'·9 

'-' 

1.5 

1.9 

3.1 

6.4 

3.' '·8 L5 

'-' 

5.8 

'·8 

14.4 

'.3 

6.6 

16,3 

3.9 

(8) 

Total 

40,933 

37,265 

35,683 

29,768 

2,795 

1,587 

1,534 

1,581 

668 

"' >49 

450 

2,973 

1, 258 

9V 

1" "' 

456 

96 

695 

42,994 

22,218 

15,083 

9,435 

1,467 

1,489 

2,692 

7' 134 

2, 706 

839 

2,676 

20,776 

1,216 

18,411 ,., 

,., 

6Xf 

" 

36,580 

20,260 

13,772 

8,865 

1,323 

1,296 

2,287 

6,487 

2,498 

'" 

2,398 "' 

16,319 

831 

14,945 

"' "8 

139 

64 

Whi te1 

Delow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,673 

1,645 

1,326 

"' 1" 

14> 

363 

319 

100 

" 59 

134 

1,012 

331 

"' 33 

58 " 

18 " 

2,107 

586 

350 

"' " 

151 

"8 

61 

10 

" "' 

1,519 

143 

1,296 

34 " 

" 3 

1, 607 

"' 305 

"6 

" 

1>4 " 

1" 

55 

8 

18 

10, 

1, 116 

108 

963 

8 

29 

total 

6.5 

' .. 3., 

'·3 

<.9 

8.9 

23.7 

20.2 

15,0 

12.7 

23.7 

29.8 

34.0 

26.3 

55,8 

29,5. 

42.3 

12.7 

21.9 

'·3 

'·6 '·3 

1.< 

1. 8 

'·4 

'-' 

3.3 

1.1 '"'

,.3 

'·' 

7 .·3 

11.7 

10.4 '·· 

14.0 

3.< 

4.5 

4.4 

,.4 

'·' L< 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·9 '·' L1 

'·' 4.5 

6.8 

13.0 

6.4 

6.< 

13.3 

3.6 

(at 

Total 

4,641 

3,668 

3,286 

2,452 

348 

,.. "" 

"' l48 

133 " 

350 

381 

40 

,. 

38 

,. 

" 

:3,251 

1,948 

1,503 

"' 189 

155 

,., 

445 

169 

" 63 

,. 

1,303 

,.. 

"' 38 

65 

" 8 

2,796 

1,780 

1,400 

899 

"' 138 ,.6 

380 

148 

60 "

134 

1,016 

"8 "' 

" " 13 

3 

Negro1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,225 

6l3 

4>6 

"' 55 

., 

"' 1" 

66 

,. 

83 " 

609 

29B "' 

58 " 

" 4 

3 

451 

150 

,. 

,. 

10 ' 

" 81 

" 6 

5 

48 

300 

" "6 5 

" 3 

3 

"' 131 

64 

,. 

5 

9 

29 

" "' 4 

5 

" 

38 

16, 

15 ' 

total 

26.4 

16.7 

12.7 

'.1 

15.8 

22.7 

48,6 

51.6 

44.6 

(B) 

(B) 

62.4 

67,9 

61.4 

78.2 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

3.9 

13.9 

'-' 4.' 

'-' 

4.3 

6.B 

13.0 

18.1 

12.4 

(B) 

(B) 

"'·' 

23.0 

21,4 

23.4 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

12,6 

'-' 

<.6 

3., '·' 

6.5 

14.1 

17.6 

13.5 

(B) 

(B) 

27,6 

2.L,8 

22.0 

21,4 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 
60 

Table 12. Work Experience by Family Status--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status 

in 1974 and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands, Persons as of March 1975) 

Work cxpcrit•ncc ond family stntus 

OT!IER FAMILY MEMBERS 

14 Years and Over 

Total ..•.•• ,.,,,,,.,,,., .•..•.•••.••.. 

Worked last year .• ,,,,,, •••••.••.•..•.•.... , 

Full time ..• ,., ••••.•.•..••.••.••.•.• ,.,,. 

50 to 52 weeks,,,,,,., ••• , ••.•.•..•.•.• , 

40 to 49 weeks,.,, ..•.••.••.••.•.•. ,.,., 

27 to 39 weeks •••••••••••••• , • , • , , , ••••• 

26 weeks or less,,,,,,,,,,,, ........... . 

Part time •..• , •. ,.,,,.,.,,,, .••.•.••.•.••. 

50 to 52 weeks •.••••.•••• ,,, •.• ,,,,,, ••• 

40 to 49 weeks •.•.•.••. , • , , •• , , , , .• : ••.• 

27 to 39 weeks ••• , • , • , , ••.•••••••.•.••.• 

26 weeks or less.,,, •.. ,,,, •• ,,,,,,, •.•• 

Did not "'ork last year, .. , ............ , .... . 

Main reason for not working; 

Ill or disabled,, •• ,.,, ..... , .......... . 

Keeping house., •.• , .•.••.••.••.•.•.• ,.,, 

Going to school •••.••••• , ••••• , ••••••••. 

Unable to find work, .... ,, ............. , 

Retired, •• , ....... , ..... , .............. . 

Other., ••••••.•••.••••••••• • • • • • • • • • · • • • 

In A Tilled Forces,,, .. ,,, .. , .. ,, .. , .......... , 

22 to 64 Years 

Total .••.•••.•.••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Worked last year, •.• , .• ,,,,, .. , ... , ........ . 

FUll time,.,,,,,,,,,,,,, ••.•••••.•.•••. ,,, 

50 to 52 "'eeks ........................ .. 

40 to 49 weeks ........................ .. 

Z1 to 39 weeks ••.•. , ..•.•••• , , , , , •.•.•.• 

26 weeks or less ................ ,,, .. ,,, 

Part time ..• , •• ,,,.,,,,, ••••.•••••••.••••• 

50 to 52 weeks ••••••••••••••• , • , •••••••• 

40 to 49 weeks •.• ,,,,, •.••. , •.•.••• ,,,,, 

Z1 to 39 weeks ..•.••••.•• , , , , , , , , , , , , , , • 

26 weeks or less •••.••.••.•••• , ••• ,,,.,, 

Did not wOrk last year, ... ,., ..•• ,.,, .... , .. 

Main reason for not working; 

Ill or disabled,,,,,,.,,.,,,,,,.,,, .... , 

Keeping house •.•• , •.•. , •• , ............ .. 

Going to school,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Unable to find work ••.•••••••••••••.•••• 

Retired ••.••.•••..•••.•••••••••••••.•••• 

Other,,,,,., •• ,, .• ,, •.•.. ,.,., .•• ,.,,,,, 

In Armed Forces, , , , , , , , , , , , • , • • , , , • , , , , , , , , • 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

14 Years snd Over 

Total, ••.••...• ,.,,., •••••.. • • • ••••• •. 

Worked last year ........................... . 

FUll time .................... •·••·• ... •· •• 

50 to 52 weeks ....••••.••.•••••.•••.•••• 

40 to 49 weeks,, •.•.• ,,.,., •.•• , •. ,,,,,, 

Z1 to 39 weeks,,,.,, •. ,,,,.,,.,,,,,,,,,, 

26 weeks or less .• , .••.•..••.•• , •.•.•••• 

Psrt time.,,, .. ,,,,,,.,,,,,, • • • • • • •• • • • • • • 

50 to 52 weeks,,.,,,,,,,,, •,,,,,.,,,.,,, 

40 to 49 weeks ......................... . 

27 to 39 weeks ••.•.•.••••••.••.•.•.•.••• 

26 weeks or less, , , , , , , , , ••. , , , •.• , , , ••• 

Did not work last year .................... .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ........................ . 

Keeping house,,,,, .... ,,,,,,, .. ,, .. ,,,,, 

Going to school ..••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Unable to find work., .................. . 

Retired ............................... .. 

Other ••••••.•.•••••••••••• ••••••••••••·• 

In Armed Forces,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

38,393 

22,623 

12,445 

5,853 

1,127 

1,156 

4,309 

10,178 

2,980 

8<3 

1,192 

5,163 

15.736 

1,585 

1,518 

11,112 

"' '0' 

345 

" 

9,187 

7,131 

6,062 

3,906 

6,. 

sn 

1,018 

1,069 

"' "' "' <OS 

2,050 

8" 

S60 

'" 1<9

>22 " 

6 

18,872 

11,475 

9,394 

6,628 

9>0 

1,132 "' 

2,081 

8<0 

, .. 

na '" 

7,293 

2,155 

2,329 

"3 

>S8 

2, 241 

168 

103 

All races 

Below low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,584 

1,242 

"' lJS 

" 

3JS " 

.,. 

"' 18 

.482 " 

2,340 

'0' 

1, "' 725 

110 

33 

" 1 

"' , .. 

158 

•o 

8 

18 

'6 " 

16 

• 6 

60 

309 

"' 92 

" " 10 

16 

1 

4,820 

1,685 

9<0 

303 

103 " 

<61 

'<S ,0, 

" 

381 " 

3,130 

1' 172 

"' ,01 

111 

636 

" • 

total 

9.3 

s .s 

••• '-' 

'"' 3.,

'-' 

6.9 

<.9 

'-' <.S 

9.3 

14.9 

13.0 

14.1 

15,5 

23.2 

.., 

15,1 

·(B) 

6.0 

3.< 

,_. 

2.0 

1.3 

3.S 

S.l 

•• o 

<.2 

3.0 

3.9 

14.8 

15,1 

14.7 

16,4 

11,0 

22.8 

13.3 

13.1 

,,, 

25,5 

14.7 

10.0 

... 

•• 1 

14.2 

40.7 

35,8 

24.1 

29.4 

32.5 

53,0 

42.9 

54,4 

39.6 

83,0 

70,5 

28.4 

52,0 

<.3 

Total 

32,Z10 

19,754 

10,666 

5,052 

95< "8 3,681 

9,088 

2, 772 

"3 

1,071 

4, 462 

12,484 

1,161 

1, 235 

8,917 

311 

60< "6 

" 

7,491 

5,976 

5,085 

3,337 

SOl 

<16 

oJl 

892 

336 

121 

113 

322 

1,509 

S90 

... 

203 

"" ., 

101 

s 

16,252 

9,835 

8,092 

5, 759 

,.. 

S99 

96, 

1, 743 

"'0 

2" 

231 

,., 

6,323 

1,655 

2,175 

181 

120 

2,045 

.. , 

9< 

White 1 

Below low-1ncome 

level 

Percent 

~umber of 

1,946 

"' 302 

" 21 

26 

<11 "' 

lll 

.. 

"3 " 

1,232 

123 " 

90, 

43 

29 

31 

310 

130 

89 

" 6 

11 

28 

<O 

8 

2 

" 

180 

60 

5< 

lB 

" 10 

1< 

3,773 

1,325 

'<9 

2<8 

5< 

3'0 " 

"" "' 61 

n 

298 

2,443 

"3 

803 

lSJ 

" "' " • 

total 

6.0 

3.6 

'"' l.S 

2.' 

'"" <.8 

<.S 

<.O 

1.8 

'-' 

.., 

9.9 

8.< 

10,0 

10.2 

13,8 

<.9 

12.2 

(B) 

<.1 

2., 

l.B 

1.3 

1.2 

2.6 

3.< 

<.S 

2.< 

.. , 

9.9 

11.9 

10.2 

12.2 

8.9 

20.6 

(B) 

13.9 

(B) 

23.2 

13,5 

9.3 

<.3 

,_. 

12.8 

38.3 

33.1 

21.0 

28.1 

30.9 

50,0 

38.6 

47.3 

36,9 

84.7 

63,9 

2L 1 

49.3 

'·' 

Total 

5,459 

2,469 

1,586 

'0S 

161 

161 

S58 

883 

162 

" 82 

586 

2,989 

.., 

2SS 

2,009 

BO 

'6 

1,511 

998 

R53 

"' 113 

16, "' 

l<S 

38 

.. 

30 

65 

SlJ 

259 

106 

80 

9 

20 

2,347 

1,435 

1,145 

"' 132 

89 

1<8 

290 

116 

26 

.. 100 

903 

... 

1<4 

so 

3B 

m 

., 

9 

Negro1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,549 

"' ,31 

so 

11 

lS3 " 

, .. 

" 

19 

201 

1,069 

lOB 

B6 

,.B 

6S 

19 

,.6 

., 

60 

" 2 

8 

22 

38 

B 

2 

6 

22 

128 

6< 

36 

11 " 

3 

961 

30< 

163 

.. " 

20 

83 

1<1 

.. 

11 

" " 

.. , 

"' "' .. 

3S 

,. 

9 

total 

28.4 

19.4 

14.6 

'·2 

6.6 

10.5 

2"1.4 

28.1 

14.8 

(B) 

23,9 

34.3 

35,8 

26,1 

33.B 

39.2 

41,4 

<.B 

"·2 

(B) 

15,0 

9., 

'.o 

'-' 

1.8 

9.< 

13.6 

26,2 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(8) 

25,0 

24.7 

J<.O 

18,8 

(B) 

(B) 

(8) 

(B) 

41.0 

21.2 

14.3 

6.0 

10.5 

22.8 

55,8 

48,7 

35,4 

(B) 

(B) 

69,7 

72.7 

77.8 

81.7 

(B) 

(B) 

43.9 

(B) 

(B) 
c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c-c---c-c-------------

... ,, 

Table 12. Work Experience by Family Status--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status 

in 1974 and Race-Continued 

(Numbers io thousands. Persons ., of March 1975) 

Ail races Whitel Negro1 

61 

Below low-income Below low-income Below low-income 

level level level Work experience '"' family status 

Total Percent Total Percent Total 

Number "' Number "' Number 

total total 

UNRELATED I NDIVIDI!_ALS--Continued 

" '" " Years 

Total,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,., ... 10,947 2,134 19,5 9,104 1,549 11 .o· 1,642 532 

Worked last year, •.• ,., ••• , •..•...•......•.. 9' 132 1,083 11.9 7 '710 "' 10.6 1, 237 ,2 

ruli time •• ,, •• , ••••• , •••• ,., •• ,.,., •••••• 8,094 "' 8.4 6,889 518 '-' l,O:H 133 

50 to 52 weeks •• , ••• , ••• , •••• ,., •••• , •• , 5,962 251 4. 2 5' 145 200 3.9 724 43 

40 '" 49 weeks •••••••••• , •••• , •••••••••• '" 50 6.5 642 , 5.8 123 8 

" <o 39 weeks •••••••••••••••••••••••••• "' ,. 12.1 460 44 9.6 82 20 

26 weeks "" less •••••••••••••••••••••••• ,.. 308 39,5 643 23' 36,9 "' 63 

Part time ••••••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••••• 1,038 405 39,0 821 2971 36,2 >S6 89 

50 '" 52 weeks,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, •••• , ••. 411 l14 27.7 323 ,. 24.5 " 29 

40 <o 49 weeks .•.••••••••.•••••••••••.•• 135 39 28,9 116 311 26,7 " 8 

" '" 39 weeks •••••••••••••••••••••••••• 149 " 31,5 110 32 29,1 33 10 

26 weeks "" less •••••••••••••••••••••••• 342 205 59,9 ,. 156. 57,6 63 43 

D" ""' work last year •••• , ••• ,., ••••••••••• 1,755 1,049 59,8 1,338 , 54,7 401 309 

Main reason '"" ""' wOrking: 

111 or disabled, •••••••••• , ••••••••••••• 808 515 63,7 554 316 57 .o 252 .. , Keeping house,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, •.••• , .•• , 466 263 56,4 392 206 52.6 " 58 

Going to school,,,,,,,,,,.,, ••• ,,, •••• ,, 90 59 65.'6 68 48 (B) 15 10 

Unable to find work,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ••• , •• 109 81 74,3 83 " 68,7 26 25 

Retired •••.••••••• , ••• ,., ••••••••••••••• 200 ,. 35.0 ., " 33,5 Z1 13 

Otber ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 82 60 73,2 68 48 (B) 6 6 

In Armed Forces •• , •••• , ••• , •••• , ••••••.••••• 59 (8) 56 1 (8) 3 

-Represents zero. B Base less than 75,000. 

'The data on persons by race in tables 6, 10-15, 45 and 46 differ from those in other tables of tbis report where persons are 

classified by race of ~he family head. 

Percent 

total "' 

32,4 

17.9 

12,7 

5.9 

6.5 

24.4 

51,6 

47.8 

38.7 

'"' (8) 

(8) 

77.1 

78,2 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 
.-----------------------~------------

62 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex, and Race 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Work experience and age 

H YEARS AND OVER 

Both Sexes 

/ 

Total •.•.•.•..• ,,,.,.,, .•••..........• 

Worked last year •...••....•..•. , .. , ....••••• 

Full time .....•.•.••. ,,,,., ....•..•.•...•. 

50 to 52 weeks, ... , .. , .•.••... ,.,,., •••. 

40 to 49 weeks ••••• ,,.,,,,., •••••••••••• 

27 to 39 weeks_ ..•.•. , , , , , •.••.••...•.••• 

26 weeks or less.,., ..•............... ,. 

Part time ..•..••. : .... ,.,,.,, •. ,., .•.••••• 

50 to 52 weeks ••.•.•..•...••.• , .•••••••• 

40 to 49 weeks., .......•.•..• , ••.••.•. ,, 

27 to 39 weeks ••....•..•. ,,,, ..•.• ~· ..•. 

26 weeks or less •••.••.•.•• ,,,,,,,,,.,,. 

Did not work last year .................... .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ••• ,, ••. , ••• , .•••..••••.. 

Keeping house, , , , , •• , •..•. , •.••. , , •.• , . , 

Going to school .•• , •••• ,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Unable to find work ................... .. 

Retired .. , ............................. . 

Other ••••.••.•••• ,.,,,,.,.,, ••..•.•.•..• 

In AI'Illed Forces ..•.•..••••.•.•.. ,,, •••. ,,,,, 

Malo 

Total •.•.•...• , •....•.•....••. • •••••.• 

Worked last year •...•... , .....•..•.••.•.•..• 

Full time .•.•.•...•..•.•. ,, .•.•..•..•.•..• 

50 to 52 weeks .•. , •. , , , , , ••.•..•. , •.•.•. 

40 to 49 weeks ..•.•..•.• , .•.•...•.•.•••. 

27 to 39 weeks .. , .•....•...••.•... , •. 

26 weeks or less •..•.........••..••.•.•• 

~rtti~ ••..•.•. ·····•·•••••••·•·••·• SO to 52 weeks, •...•.•.• ,.,.,,,,,., .•..• 

40 to 49 weeks ........................ .. 

27 to 39 weeks •.. , .... , , , , ..•..•.•••..•. 

26 weeks or less .............. . 

Did not work last year., .. 

Main reason fOr not working;. 

Ill or disabled ... 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other .... 

In Armed Forces. 

Female 

Total., .•.. ,, .••.•..•.... ,,.,, ... • ..•. 

Worked last year .•.. ,., •••.•.•.•.. ,,.,,, .••• 

Full time ......... , .............. , ...... .. 

50 to 52 weeks, •.•.•.•. , •. ,,, ••.•••....• 

40 to 49 weeks ........ , ................ , 

27 to 39 weeks. , •.. , .......•••.......... 

26 weeks ur 1.,,.,.,..,,, ................ .. ~rl time •.....•....•.•.• •· .......... •·•·• 

50 to 52 weeks .•.•..•.•.• , •. , ..•..•.••.• 

40 to 49 weeks, •......•.. ,.,,., ••••...•. 

27 to 39 weeks,,.,.: ..•....••. ,, .•....•. 

26 weeks or less •..•.•.•... ,. 

Did net work last year .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled,. 

Keeping house. 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

159,948 

103 '796 

80,643· 

57,253 

7 ,136 

5, 590 

10,664 

23,153 

a, 121 

2,370 

2,895 

9, 762 

55,087 

8,021 

25,433 

11,795 

1,190 

7,908 

1,064 "' 

76,349 

60,102 

51,514 

38,970 

4,445 

2,937 

5,162 

8,588 

3,079 

8<3 

1,009 

3,658 

15,182 

3,557 

5,467 

486 

5,275 

397 

1,064 

83,599 

43,694 

29,129 

18,283 

2,690 

2,653 

5,502 

14' 565 

5,048 

1,528 

1,886 

6,103 

39,905 

4,464 

25,433 

6,328 

705 

2,633 

34' 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

16,132 

6,376 

3,961 

1,579 

352 

425 

1,604 

2,415 

629 

164 

1,346 "' 

9, 723 

2,335 

3,663 

2,038 

412 

1,096 

180 

33 

6, 153 

3,300 

2,319 

1,065 

205 

"' 803 

'81 

250 

80 

96 

555 

2,819 

"' 959 

640 "' 

97 

33 

9, 979 

3,076 

1 ,642 

514 

,., 

~' "' 

1,434 

"' 84 

181 

'"' 

6,904 

1,380 

3,663 

1,080 

2<3 

<56 

" 

total 

10,1 

'* 'i:i" 

4.9 

'-' 

15.0 

10.4 

'-' 

6.9 

9.6 

13,8 

17.7 

29,1 

14.4 

17.3 

34.6 

13.9 

24,3 

'-' 

8.1 

5.5 

.., 

'-' 

4 ·' 8.4 

15,5 

11.4 

8.1 

.., 

9.5 

15,2 

18.6 

26.8 

17.5 

34.6 

12.1 

24.5 

3.1 

11.9 

'.0 

5.6 

2.8 

5.5 

14 '·' .6 

9.8 

'·' 5.5 

9.6 

13.0 

17.3 

30.9 

14.4 

17.1 

34 ,5 

17.3 

24.1 

Total 

140.967 

92,356 

71,706 

51,420 

6,222 

4,841 

9,224 

20 ,650 

7,371 

2,172 

2' 570 

a, 537 

47,671 

6,271 

23,257 

9,421 

7,309 "' 

588 

• 940 

67,655 

54,032 

46,430 

35,507 

3,905 

2,559 

4,459 

7,602 

2,816 

"' 888 

3,135 

12,683 

2,811 

4,336 

356 

4,871 

309 

940 

73,312 

38,324 

25 ,276 

15,913 

2,317 

2,282 

4. 764 

13,047 

4,555 

1,409 

1,682 

5,402 

' 34,988 

3,460 

23,257 

5,085 

m 

2,439 

"' 

White I 

Below luw-incOOJe 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

11,308 

4' 562 

2,932 

1,234 ,., 

300 

1,152 

1,629 

442 

118 

lRS 

'" 

6, 717 

1,481 

2,822 

1,123 

217 

,., 

132 

29 

4 ,361 

2,487 

1, 788 

8n 

151 

180 

585 

'" 20, 

353 " 

1 ,846 

810 

519 

100 

. 547 

" 29 

6,946 

2,074 

1,144 

302 

96 

119 

,., 

931 

235 

49 

118 

529 

4,872 

2,822 "' 

604 

"' 395 

62 

total 

•. o 

... 

4.1 

2.4 

4.0 

6.2 

12.5 

'-' 

6.0 

5.5 

'-' 

10.3 

14.1 

23,6 

12.1 

11,9 

26.2 

12.9 

22,5 

3.0 

6.4 

4.6 

3.' 

2.5 

3.9 

'-' 

13.1 

9.2 

'-' 

9.1 

11.2 '"' 

14.6 

21,7 

12,0 

28.0 

11.2 

22,6 

3.0 

'·' 

5.4 

4.5 

2.3 

< .1 

5.2 

11,9 

'-' 

5.2 

3. 5 

'.o 

9.8 

13.9 

25.2 

12.1 

11,9 

24.9 

16.2 

22,5 

Total 

16,555 

9,845 

7. 710 

4,971 

829 

·1,277 

2,134 .., 

"' 266 

1,04l 

6,614 

1,676 

1, 798 

2,157 

345 

515 

123 

" 

7,509 

5,171 

4,349 

2,927 

488 

312 

821 

"2 

215 

" 92 

443 

2,242 

1,007 "' 

121 

,., 

66 

" 

9,046 

4,674 

3,361 

2,043 

340 

"' 656 

1,313 

433 

"' "' 598 

4,373 

.,. 

1,798 

1,151 

224 

168 

58 

Negro 1 

Below l<YIIr-ln.come 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

4,490 

1,646 

937 

313 

91 

106 

428 

'" 161 

80 

423 

2,841 

"' 

,. '" 

1" 

136 

38 

3 

1,614 

480 "' 

"' 41 

56 

210 

233 

26 

11 

18 

"' 

"8 

324 

408 

68 

" 20 

3 

2,876 

933 

., 

140 

49 

50 

"' "' 135 

34 

246 " 

1, 943 

503 

468 '" 

123 

18 " 

total 

27.1 

16.7 

12.1 

6.3 

10,9 

16.7 

33.4 

33.2 

24,9 

25.2 

29.9 

40.7 

43.0 

49.3 

43.1 

40,6 

54.9 

26.5 

31.0 

3.0 

21.5 

13.8 

11,0 

5.9 

8. 5 

.18 .o 33.7 

28.4 

12.1 

,,, 

19.9 

40.1 

40.1 

46.2 

40.6 

22,8 "·' 

,,, 

3.0 

31.8 

20,0 

13.6 

8.9 

14 .s 15.5 

33.1 

36.3 

31.2 

32.0 

35,2 

41.1 

44.4 

51.6 

43.1 

40.7 

54 .9 

33,9 

(8) 
' .. 

63 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex, and Race-Continued 

<Number/! in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Work experience and age 

14 TO 21 YEARS 

Both Sexes 

Total ....•.•• ,,., .........••• · ....... . 

Worked last year., .•••••.•••.• ,· ••.••..•.• ,,, 

Full time •. ,,, •• , •..•.•••..•••••••••.... ,, 

50 to 52 weeks ••••••• , • , •••••••••••• , , • , 

40 to 49 wee_ks •• , .. , •••••• ,,.,, ., ••••••• 

27 to 39 weeks .••.•.. , , , , .•.•..•• , , , , , .• 

26 week!! or less, , , .......... , , ........ . 

Part time ...•..• , •••.••.•..•....••.•.•.•.. 

50 to 52 weeks. , , , , , , ..••..•.• , , , , , ...•. 

40 to 49 weeks •.••.•..•••••• , •.•.•.•. , •• 

27 to 39 weeks ........................ .. 

26 weeks or le!IS .•.•. ,,.,., •...••...• ,., 

Did not work last year ..•....•.............. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ...•.....•... 

Keeping house ................ . 

Going to school ............•........ 

Unable to find work ...•...........•... 

Retired ....•.......•.•.•.•... ·· .... 

Other .......•.•.. 

In Armed Forces ..... 

Total, ••••••••••.••..• , •.. , ••.••.• ,,., 

Worked last year .•.• , ••• , •.•....••.• ,,,., ••. 

Full time •...•..• , ••••••.•••.•.•• ,.,., •.•. 

50 to 52 weeks, , , , , , . , •.••.•.•. , , , , , , , •• 

40 to 49.weeks ..................... ,,,,, 

27 to 39 weeks ••••.••• , • , • , .•••.•.•.. , , • 

26 weeks or less ....... , .............. .. 

Part time.,,,,,, ........ , ................ . 

50 to 52 weeks .••.•.• , ••• , •••.••..•.••.• 

40 to 49 weeks,,, ...... , ... , ... ,, •.•.•.• 

27 to 39 weeks ..................... ,: .. . 

26 weeks or less, ••• , ••..•.•••.•.. ,,, ••. 

Did not work last year .... 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled., ............. . 

Going to school .•.... , ......•... , ..... 

Unable to find work ............ . 

Retired ..... . 

Other ......•...... 

In Armed Forces ..•....... 

Female 

Total, •.•.•...•.•. 

Worked last year, .......................... . 

Full time .•.•.• ,, •• , •• , ..••.•.•.• , •••• ,,,. 

50 to 52 weeks, , • , •.•.•.•.•• , . , , . , , , , •. , 

40 to 49 weeks ........................ .. 

27 to 39 weeks, .•.••• , •.•.••••.••.• 

· 26 w"'"'k" or less .....•..••.•.•.•...•.••. 

Part time, ............ ,,,, .•.•.......•.... 

50 to 52 weeks •••••••• , •.•••••••.••... , , 

40 to 49 weeks, •••.•.....•.••.••.•. , •.•. 

27 to 39 weeks ............... ,, ....... . 

26 weeks or less, ..•.• ,.,.,,,,., •.•....• 

Did not work laat year .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or diaablcd.,, 

Keeping houae .. 

Going to school. •. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired .. 

Other .. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total. 

32,378 

19,320 

9,372 

3,363 

900 

1,030 

4,079 

9, 948 

2,804 

80' 

1 '171 

5 '166 

12,857 

992 '" 

11,086 

390 

16,109 

10,408 

5,320 

1,967 

;46 

536 

2,272 

5,088 

1,585 

423 

581 

2,500 

5,500 

94 

5,099 

165 

140 

201 

16,269 

8,912 

4,051 

1,397 

354 

494 

1,807 

4,861 

1,219 

384 

590 

2,666 

7,357 

992 " 

5,986 

224 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

4,145 

1 '750 

822 

13' 

58 

544 " 

829 

180 

.. 102 

.03 

2,385 

39 

29, 

1,876 

119 

" 10 

1,918 

940 

"' 104 

35 

45 

300 

456 

95 

" " "' 

968 

16 

.. 

30 

10 

2,228 

33' "' 

34 

23 

244 " 

., 

86 

16 

316 " 

1' 416 

24 

29, 

996 

" 

tota 1 

12.8 

'-' 

8.8 

4.1 

6.4 

8,1 

13,3 

9.3 

6.4 

5.5 

8,, 

11.7 

18.6 

23.4 

29,9 

16.9 

30.5 

(8) 

24.7 

5,0 

11.9 

9,0 

9.1 

5,3 

6,4 

8.4 

13.2 

9,0 

6.0 

·6 .4 

8.3 

11.4 

17.6 

17 .o 

17.2 

26. 7, 

21.4 '"' 

5,0 

13.7 

9.1 

8.3 

2.4 

'-' 

'-' 

13.5 

'-' '.1 

4,2 

9.2 

ll,9 

19.2 

(8) 

29.9 

16,6 

33.5 

31.6 '"' 

Total 

27,654 

17,259 

8,309 

3,022 

"" 820 

3,550 

8,951 

2,632 

1,074 '" 

4,487 

10,212 

123 

8,902 '" 

"' 

163 

183 ' 

,13;835 

9,289 

4. 708 

1, 747 

489 

1,990 

4,581 

1,484 

388 

536 

2,172 

4,363 

,. 4,072 

111 

108 

183 

13,819 

7,970 

3,601 

1,275 

328 

439 

1,559 

4,370 

1,148 

368 

537 

2,315 

5 ,849 

49 

4,830 '"' 

126 

White 1 

Below low-incOflle 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,529 

1,218 

579 

102 

39 

86 

3'4 

63' 

146 

' 40 

376 " 

1 ,301 

104 " 

1,015 

39 

36 

10 

1,145 

"' 315 

" 21 

33 

18, 

310 

84 

" 39 

163 

509 

10 

469 

16 

" 10 

1,384 

592 

264 

29 

" 32 

186 

328 

61 

14 

39 

"' 

9 

104 

546 

23 

total 

9.1 

u '.o 

3.4 

4.8 

'-' 

10,5 

'.1 

5,5 

5.3 

7,2 

8.4 

12.7 

15,4 

24,7 

11.4 

16.5 

(8) 

22.1 

5,5 

8.3 

8.7 

8, 7 

4.2 

4,3 

6.9 

9.4 

6.8 

5.' 

6.4 

7.3 

'-' 

11,7 

(8) 

11.5 

14.4 

(8) 

16,0 

5,5 

10,0 

7.4 

7,3 

2,3 

5.2 

7.3 

11.9 

7,5 

5.3 

3.8 

7.3 

9.2 

13.5 

24.7 '"' 11.3 

18,3 

(B) 

(B) 

Total 

4,243 

1, 785 

986 

325 

107 " 

477 

799 

124 

43 

67 

568 

2, 441 

45 

192 

2,001 

148 

52 

" 

2,032 

980 

564 

208 

54 

53 

251 

416 

79 

31 

29 

"' 

1,035 

21 

930 

55 

30 

" 

2,211 

W5 

422 

120 

23 

54 

225 

3'3 

45 

11 

290 " 

1,405 

192 " 

1,0, 94 I 

1 

22 

Negro 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,530 

493 

240 

" 19 

" 168 

'52 

19 

4 

24 

203 

1,037 

21 

95 

828 

16 

720 

288 

169 

31 

13 

12 

113 

119 

3 

2 

9 

104 

432 

6 ,., 

29 

11 

809 

204 

72 

6 

6 

56 

132 

16 

2 

16 

99 

605 

15 

95 

442 

48 

6 

total 

36.1 

27,6 

24,3 

11.4 

24.7 

15.9 

35,2 

31.5 

15.3 

(B) 

(B) 

35,9 

42.5 

(B) 

49,5 

41.4 

52.0 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

35,4 

29.4 

30.0 

15.0 

(B) 

(B) 

45.0 

28,6 

3.8 

(B) 

(B) 

37.7 

41.7 

(B) 

41.6 

(B) 

(B). 

(B) 

(B) 

36,6 

25.3 

17.1 

5.0 

(B) 

(B) 

24.9 

34,5 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

34.1 

43,1 

(B) 

49,5 

41.2 

51.1 

(B) 

(B) 
64 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Work experience and age 

22 TO 34 YEARS 

Both Sel\eS 

Total, •....................•.. , .... 

Worked last year.,,,., ....••.•• ,., .•.......• 

Full time .•. , •.•..•...••. , ..•.•..•.•.. ,,,, 

50 to 52 weeks ••••••..••••••••• , , •••••.• 

40 to 49 weeks, •••••••••• ,. 

27 to 39 weeks.,,, ... , .••... ,., ......••. 

26 weeks or less,,, •.•.•.. , ..••.•.••.••. 

Part time •....•.•.•.• , .•.. , •.•.. ,,,.,., .• , 

50 to 52 weeks •••••.•. , .•• , ••••••• ,. 

40 to 49 weeks.......... . ...••••... 

27 to 39 weeks •..•.•..•. , . , ... , .•...••.•. 

26 weeks or less •.•...•...•.•..• 

Did not work last year ............ . 

Main reason !or not working: 

Ill or disabled.... . ........ . 

Keeping house .. 

Going to school. ... 

Unable to find work ... 

Retired.,,. 

Other .... 

In Anned Forces,,, ..••.••.. ,., •.•••••••••. 

Male 

Total,.,., .• , •• , •. 

Worked last year .•••..•. 

Full time .••..... 

50 to 52 weeks ..•.••..•.. , .•.......••••. 

40 to 49 weeks,, •. , ..• ,,.,,.,,,, ••.•..• , 

27 to 39 weeks .............. , ..... , .... . 

26 weeks or less, ..................... .. 

Part time.,.,,, .• , .• 

50 to 52 weeks. , ••....••••. , .•..••.•.••. 

40 to 49 weeks.,·,,,.,.,.,., .• ,.,,, .. , .• , 

27 to 39 weeks .••.... , ....•••..•.• , ...•• 

26 weeks or less,,, •. 

Did not work last year ... 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled •. 

Going to school, .. 

Unable to find work ... , 

Retired ... . 

Other ... . 

In Armed Forces. 

Female 

Total. •.•...• , •• , •.•••....•.••..•...•. 

Worked last year, .•....•• ,.,,,,, .....•.•..• , 

Full time.,.,,,,,, •• ,., •• ,,.,,,,,, •• ,., ••• 

50 to 52 weeks •.•.••• , •. , . , •••••.•••• , •• 

40 to 49 weeks ......................... . 

27 to 39 weeks. , , , , .. , •. , • , , , , , .. , •••..• 

26 weeks or less,,,,.,.,: •• ,.,,, .•.••.•• 

Part time., ........•. ,,,., ..•.••.• , .. ,,, .• 

50 to 52 weeks, • , • , , , , . , ••• , • , , • , , , .• , , • 

40 to 49 weeks .•••..•...••....••. 

27 to 39 weeks, , , , . , . , • , •• , , , , , •.••.•..• 

26 weeks or less, . , •. , • , •.• , , , , , .. , .••.• 

Did not work last year ..... 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .. 

Keeping house .... 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other. 

See footnotes at end or table, 

Total 

40,764 

32,298 

27,680 

19,072 

2,907' 

2,270 

3,430 

4,619 

1,400 

><6 

1,979 "' 

7,890 

493 

6,227 

60> 

"' 6 

"' 576 

19,979 

18,526 

17,262 

12,842 

1,830 

1,162 

1,429 

1,264 

446 

181 

200 

"' 

"' 5" 

124 

6 

164 

"' 

20.785 

13 '772 

10,418 

6,231 

1,077 

1,109 

2,001 

3,354 

'" "' 4M 

1,542 

7,013 

'45 

6,227 

2H ,0, 

63 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number uf 

3,399 

1 '912 

1,3691 490 

126 

174 1 

"9 

M3 

10' 

46 

303 " 

1,468 

181 

"' "' 1<5 

' " 19 

1,2021 

"8 

"' "' " 95 

"0 

,01 

" " 

111 " 

82 

" " ' " 19 

2,197 

904 

6" 

160 

" " "' '" 66 

" 61 

191 

1 ,233 

" "' " " 

16 

tota 1 

'·' 

~ 4,3 

, 

16.9 

11.8 

"' 8,5 

12.6 

15.3 

18.6 

36.7 

15,3 

23,6 

43,7 

(B) 

19,9 

3 ·' 

6.0 

'-' 

"' "' 3,9 

17.5 "' 

15,9 

8,' 

13,4 

13.4 

25.5 

26.8 

32.8 

21.6 

40.8 

(B) 

17.8 

3.< 

10.6 

,. 

6,0 

"' 5.1 

16,4 "'

10,2 

"' 6,0 

12.3 

12.4 

17.6 

40,6 

15,3 

26.1 

45,5 

(B) 

(B) 

Total 

35,622 

28,388 

24 ,237 

16,911 

2,493 

1, 915 

2,917 

4' 151 

1,273 

511 

566 

1, 771 

6, 728 

. 336 

5,547 

"' "6 

6 

181 

005 

17,665 

16,509 

15,414 

11,608 

1,598 

"' 1,224 

1,095 

<06 

171 

163 

"' 

650 

"' "' " 6 

135 

505 

17,957 

11,879 

8,823 

5,303 

866 

930 

1,694 

3,056 

868 

"" 433

1,416 

6,078 

164 

5,547 

194 

"' 

White 1 

Below low-incume 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,428 

1,426 

1,041 

388 

91 

119 

444 

385 

" 35 

59 

"4 

"' 

" "' 93 

86 

' " 15 

640 

"' "' "" 56 

" "' 156 

31 

" 18 

82 

157 

" ., 

" ' " 15 

1,488 

658 

"' 118 

35 

4B 

"' "' " 11 

41 

"' 

830 

00 

6'9 

45 

44 

" 

total 

6,8 

5,0 

4.5 

"' 5.6 

'-' 

15,2 

9,3 I 

6,0 

6,6 

12.1 '·' 

14.7 

28,0 

12.2 

21,5 

37,9 

(B) 

18.8 

5,0 

5,3 

4.' 

<.0 

'-' 

3,5 

17.6 '·' 

14,3 

14.2 "' 

11,0 

23.2 

24.2 

25,5 

20.0 

42,2 

(B) 

16.7 

3,0 

B,3 

5,5 

4,9 

"' 5,6 

5,1 

13,5 

"' 5., 

3.3 

9,4 

6,3 

13.6 

30,6 

12.2 

23,3 

34,6 

(B) 

(B) 

Total 

4,312 

3,307 

2, 933 

1,830 

361 

,., 

450 

"' 100 

" 80 

1" 

9<8 

'154 

515 

14< 

,. 

" " 

1,923 

1,679 

1,554 

1,041 

"1 

"' "' "' ,. 

10 

61 " 

186 

" n 

"' 

20 

" 

2,389 

1,627 

1,379 ,.. 

160 

155 

,.. "' 

n 

" 55 

101 

80 

515 

" ,. 

Negro 1 

Below low-ulcome 

level 

Percent 

t'/umber of 

'" 

4" 

289 

" " 

1" " 

131 

" 11 

" " 

'" 

'49 " 

45 

59 

7 

5 

::: I 

107 ' 

" 6 

19 

28 

,. 

66 

36 

19 

9 

' 3 

663 

285 

183 

41 

" " 98 

102 

11 " 

19 

50 

"8 

49 

, .. 

" 50 

total 

20,1 

12.7 

9,9 

, 

, 

14.7 

27.9 

35,0 

24.1 

(B) 

27.5 

45.7 

46.8 

54,6 

48,3 

30,9 

59.8 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

10,6 

8.0 

6,6 

, 

3,1 

13,5 

16.1 

22,9 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

35.4 

48,0 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

27,8 

17,5 

13,3 

, 

12,6 

15.9 

35,3 

41.1 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

49.7 

49.6 

61.3 

48,3 

(B) 

63,5 

(B) 

(B) 
··~, ' 

65 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

\l'ork experience and age 

35 1'0 44 YEARS 

Both Sexes 

Total. .........••••.....•........ 

Worked last year ............... , ...........• 

FUll time .......• ,,.,,, ...•.. ,, ..•....... , 

50 to 52 weeks, ................ , ....... . 

40 to 49 weeks ...................... . 

27 to 39 weeks •...... , ....•........•.... 

26 weeks or less,., ..........•..•.... , .. 

Part timf! ........ : .•.. ..•..............•.. 

50 to 52 weeks ....••...•...• ,, ......•.•. 

40 to 49 weeks •.... ,. . ......•........ , 

27 to 39 weeks, .... , .•.....•......... , .. 

26 weeks or less.: ...........•.......... 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Keeping house •.. 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other .. 

In Armed Forces. 

Total ..•..•.......•. ,, .•..•..•..•..... 

Worked last year .... ,,,,, ....•..•........ , .. 

Full til!le ....•.......•....•.•...•......••. 

50 to 52 weeks ............ , •..•.....•... 

40 to 49 weeks ................... . 

27 to 39 weeks .......•.. , .............. . 

26 weeks or less ........... :., ... . 

Part time .. , ....••............•.•..•...... 

50 to 52 weeks ..... : ................... , 

40 to 49 weeks ................•...... 

27 to 39 weeks.,, ••.............•. , ..... 

26 weeks or less •....•.. , .........•..... 

Did not work last year ... 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Going to school .. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other .. 

In Armed Forces. 

Female 

Total ................................ . 

W<U'ked last year ........................... . 

FUll time ......•...•...... , ............•.. 

50 to 52 weeks ...•..... , , ....•.......... 

40 to 49 weeks ............•.•....•.. ,.,. 

27 to 39 weeks, ....................... .. 

26 weeks or l&ss. . . . . . . . . .....•.... 

Part time ....••.........•...•............. 

50 to 52 weeks, ...•.......•..•.... , ..... 

40 to 49 weeks.,, .....•..•... ,, ..•...... 

27 to 39 weeks •..........•....•.....•• ,, 

26 weeks or leas ................. , ..... . 

Did not work laat year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .. 

Keeping house .. 

Going to school ... 

Unable to find work. 

Retired ... 

Other .. 

See footnotes at end of table . ...-

All races 

Total 

22' 607 

17,430 

15,134 

12' 110 

1,182 

6H 

1,021 

2,296 ,., 

"" "' '" 

4,930 

4,066 '" 

50 

HO 

29 

'" 

10,992 

10,345 

10,099 

8,617 

"' "6 

'" '" m 

" " " 

<OO 

"' " " " 29 

"' 

11,615 

7,085 

5,035 

3,493 

"' .,, 

665 

2,050 

6<0 

"' "6 

"' 

4,530 

,.6 4,066 

" 

6 

" 

Below low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Nllmber of 

1 '793 

'" 6, 

"' " 60 

>66 

"6 

" " 

U4 " 

6<0 

'" "' ' 

11 " 

,. 

' 

,., 

" " 5 

10 

" 

>14 

\.._116 

5 

" '" " ~) 

1,103 

"' '" ,. 

" " " "' " '" " " 

'" 

>OS 

"' 5 

" 

6 

total 

'-' 

5.4 

4. 6 

'·· 6.o 

'-' 

19.2 

10.8 

8. 6 

11.0 '·' 

15.5 

17.2 

38.5 

13.1 

(B) 

37 .o 

'" 

u '" 

.., 

5.0 

4.4 

'-' 

'-' 

11.4 

28.9 

30.0 

27.8 

'" '" (B) 

43.4 

41.9 

'" '" '" 

u '" 

'-' 

6.0 

5.0 ,.4 

5. 5 

'· 6 14.0 

6.5 

6.' 

'·' 6.6 

13.2 

14.9 

35.4 

13.1 

24,0 '" 

(B) 

(B) 

Total 

19,818 

15,335 

13,317 

10,754 

"' ,.,

656 

2,018 

656 

"' 2>0 

6" 

4,269 

3,679 "'

" '"' " " '" 

9, 745 

9,264 

9,078 

7' 831 

"' '" "' >66

, 

,. " 

" 

'" 

'" " " 16 

" '" 

10,073 

6,071 

4,239 

2, 923 

"' "' 5>6 

1,83;:! 

"' 

,. "' 

5>6 

4,002 

,,. 

3,679 

" " 

,. ' 

White' 

Below low->ncome 

level 

Percent 

Nomber of 

1,212 

65> 

,., 

"' " 

104 " 

>46 

" " 

558 

ns 

"6 

5 

6 

" ' 

508 

,., 

"' ,., 

" " " " " 

' " 

6 

,., 

'" >46

" " 6 

" " " 5 

" " 

458 

"6 " 

5 

u 

total 

.., 

'· 6 

'· 5 

6.' '·' 

15.6 

'-' 5.' 

'-' 

'-' 

10.9 

13.1 

30.3 

10.5 

27,6 '" 

(B) 

(B) 

L5 

'·' 

4.4 

'-' 

'-' 6.' 

11.1 

28.5 

26.4 

24.7 

'" '" (B) 

37.1 

36.3 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

L5 '" 

>.O 

4.0 

'.4 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

'·' 5. 4 

'-' 

: 6.6 ~ I 11.5 

~~:~ I' 

(B) 

(B) ! 

"' (B) I 

Tota 1 

2,376 

1 '786 

1' 537 

1,115 

"' " 

,. "'

" " 45 

" 

'" 

"' ' 5 

, 

1,043 

680 

6« 

6" 

" 51 

" 56 

" ,. 

u 

H 

" 5 

" 5 

, 

1' 333 

6" 

600 

'" " " 60 

>'4 

" " " " 

"' 

,. '"' 4 

" , 

Negro' 

Below low-income 

lev~l 

Percent 

:-<umber of 

"' 

'" 16> 

" " " 

>00 " 

" a 

" " 

106 

"' 

>66 

" " " " 6 

, 

" )Q 

' ' 

' " 4 

"' 

"' 95 

" '" 6 

" " " 

" " 

total 

22.8 

14.9 

10.9 

6.' 

13.2 

12.9 

37.5 

39.9 

35.8 

(B) 

(B) 

51.2 

48.4 

55,6 

42,3 

'" '" (B) 

'" '" 

15.9 

10.8 

8.6 

5.0 

13.1 

'" '" (B) 

'" '" '" '" 

56.3 

52.5 

'" '" (B) 

'" '" 

28.2 

19.1 

13.6 

'-' 

13.3 

43.3 '"

38.7 

(B) 

(B) 

'" '" 

46.3 

58.2 

42.3 

(B) 

'" '" (6)
66 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by low-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex. and Race-Continued 

(Numbers Ln thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

\1ork uxperience arui age 

4 5 TO 54 YEARS 

Doth Sexes 

Total •.......•..•.•. ,,,, ....•..•...... 

Worked last year.,, ...•..••.... ,,,., ....... . 

Full time ......• , .... , •. , •...•....... 

50 to 52 weeks,., ......•...• , ...... ,., .. 

40 to-49 weeks ......•..•....•........... 

27 to 39 weeks ••••• , , , •••••••••• , ••••••• 

26 weeks or less ............. , ..••.•.... 

Part time .••.....•.... , •. ,, .....•.....•... 

50 to 52 weeks •.•.•..•..... ,., ...•....•. 

40 to 49 weeks ..•.•. , •• ,, ......•..•..... 

27 to 39 weeks •.•.. , ......••...••....•.. 

26 weeks or less ..•...•...•....•..... , .. 

D~d not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Keeping house .... 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired .. 

Other ... 

In Armed Forces. 

Male 

Total ••...•••••..•••.....••..•..•..... 

Worked last year .•.•..•.••..•.•.•...•..•.•.• 

Full time ....... , ......•.......•..•....•. 

50 to 52 woeks, , . , . , ... , . , , , , , • , • , , . , . , . 

40 to 49 weeks ....•..••...•...•..•... , •. 

27 to 39 weeks .....•.. , •.. , •..........•. 

26 weeks or less ................ , .. 

Part time .. ,, •. , ••• ,., •. , ....•... , ..•. ,.,. 

50 to 52 weeks, . , , . , .. , , ...... , . , ...... . 

40 to 49 weeks ........................ . 

27 to 39 weeks.,.,., •...•. , ............ , 

26 weeks or less. 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. . ........... ~. 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other. 

In Armed Forces. 

Female 

TOtal ............•.•...•.. ,,. 

Worked 

fuU 

50 

last year .... ,., .. , •.. , •.. , .. 

time •.. , .. , •. , ..•.. ,., ...... , .... ,.,. 

to 52 weeks ...•....•....•...•.•...... 

40 to 49 weeks .• , , .••..••.. , •. , , .. , ....• 

27 to 39 weeks •..... , .. , ........... ,.,., 

26 weeks or less ..•.•...........•..... 

Part time ........•... , .....•.......... 

50 to 52 weeks ..•. ,, .• , ............ ,., •. 

40 to 49 weeks,, •.... , •.......•..•.. ,.,. 

27 to 39 weeks ........ , ... , ............ . 

26 weeks or less ... , .. , ....•............ 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Tll or d~sabled. 

Keeping house 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

All races 

T<Hal 

23,586 i 17,870. 

15,557 i 

12,784 : 

1' 170 ; 

"' 903 : 

2,313 i 

1, ~~~ I 

:::I 

5,680 i 

1,252 

4,109 

" "' '" " " 

11,366 

10,534 

10,254 

8, 760 

"' "' "' 28o 1 

135 1 

·, " 

796 

12,220 

7' 336 

5,303 

4,025 

'" "' 

2,033 '" 

'" 

251 "' 

866 

1 ,88~ 

609 

4' 109 

" " '" " 

Below low-in<'ome 

ll!\"('1 

:-'umber 

1,645., 

745 ' 

516 I 

"' " " '" ''" 90 \ 

26 ! 

, 1-

, 

"' 

3761 

"' 

6>6 

365 

"' '" " " n 

" " " ' " 

'" 

'" ' " " 

1,029 

"' "' " " " " 

" " 

n " 

m '" 

Perc<ont 

tot "' a 1 

I 1 .o I 

4. 2 ; 

3,3 : 

'·, I <.0 

8. 5 1 

15.4 I 

9. 9 I 

8. 2 \ 

9.0 I 

,; : li 

15.8 

30.1 

10.1 

34.9 "'

26.5 

'" "' 

'-' 

3, 5 

'·' '-' ,_6 

18,5 '·' 

22.4 

18,9 

'" 

28,11 '" 

31.4 

29,9 

"' "' "' (8)

(8) 

'·' ,_, 

'·' 2.4 

'-' 

9. 4 

13.1 

8,, 

'·' 5, 7 ,_' 

12,6 

13.:! 

30,2 

10.1 

(B) 

25.7 

(B) 

(8) 

rnta 1 

21,045 

16,080 

14,023 

11' 575 

1 ,049 

'"' '" 

White I 

llelow low-Income I . l<n·"l I 

'-----~~ Percent ! 

~umber I of 1' ! total 

! 

1 '1021' 

'" 

~~~ I 

I ,_, I 3,2 1 

2.6 1 

1.8 i 

2,0571 

263 "' 

31 j 

37 : 

100 l 

144. 

"I 

,. 

3,0 I 

6., I 12.6 

7.0 I 

; ; '1, 

"' 558 

II, 932 

3, 771 ''" 

" "' "' " " 

10,194 

9,575 

9, 342 

8,042 

6n 

"' "' "' '" " " "' 

5H6 

"' " " 80 

" " 

10,851 6,505 

4' 681 

3' 533 

"' 261 

"' l ,824 

"' 234 

m 

"' 

4,346 

14i 

5:: I 

' 2221 

29~ I , 

20 " 

'" 

" " ' 

'" 

237 

'" " " " " 

~' 

" " u 

" 

" ' 

'·, 

10.5 

11.9 1 

211.6 

'.' (B) 

22.2 

20,6 

(B) 

"' 

::~ I 14.5 

23 .o 19,0 ! 

'"' I (B) 

,B, I 26.5 

26.4 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

<B) 

(B) 

'-' 

'·' '·' "' '·' 

11.2 "' 

8.0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' 

,_, 

22.6 

'.' (B) 

(B) 

'"' (B) 

Total 

2,218 

1,547 

1 ,Jo7 1 

1 ·~r; I' 

BB 

'40 

'" 

, " 

" 

"' ,B, 

, 

" 

B 

1,017 

'" 

"B "' 

" " " " " ' ' " 

'" 

'" 2 

" 

1,201 

"' 00 

, " 

86 

>SB 

"' 

" 

Negro' 

BelU\l" low-incoll\e 

level 

Percent 

)<umber of 

total 

506 22.8 

213 13.7 

128 9,8 

60 5,8 

13 11.6 

19 (B) 

36 41.4 

84 35,2 

39 36.8 

6 '"' (B) 

31 41.7 

293 43.6 

151 45.5 

108 37.3 

(B) 

23 (B) 

6 (B) 

'" 

" 68 

" 

" " ' 

" 6 

"' "' 60 

" 6 

" " " 

6 

" 

,., 

" "' 

" 

2 

(B) 

(B) 

16.2 

'·' 

.., '·' 

'" (B) 

,,, 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

<B) 

45.0 

39,1 

(B) 

(B> 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

28.4 

18.7 

11.4 

'.< 

'"' 

(B) '" 

38.4 

40.0 

(B) 

(B) 

'" 

43.1 

51.2 

37,3 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

"' 
67 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

· Sex, and Race-ContinuP.d 

Work experience and age 

55 TO 59 YEARS 

Doth Sexes 

Total. .•.........••..•...•..•......... 

Worked 

Full 

50 

last year .•....•. 

time ...... . 

to 52 weeks •.....•. , ..•..•.. , ..•..•. • 

40 to 49 weeks ......•.. , .•.•..•......... 

27 to 39 weeks, .•..•......••..•... 

26 weeks or less ..•.. , .......•. ,. 

Part time .....•.•............ , .... .. 

50 to 52 weeks ...•......... , ...... . 

40 to 49 weeks ................ , •....•. ,. 

27 to 39 weeks ..•.......•..• , .•...•....• 

26 weeks or less ............ . 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .. 

Keeping house. 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other. 

In Armed Forces ... 

Male 

Total. ..... 

Worked 

Full 

last year ................•........... 

time .•....•.••... 

"' to 52 weeks .•..... , ..•...... ,. 

40 to 49 weeks ............... , ....... ,,, 

27 to 39 weeks, .. , ...•....•.. , .. . 

26 weeks or less ............... ,, •. , ... . 

Part time .. 

50 to 52 weeks., .. . 

40 to 49 weeks., ... , .......•..•....... ,. 

27 to 39 weeks •.. , 

26 weeks or less .•. 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Going to school .. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other .. 

In Armed Forces. 

Female 

Total, •. , 

Worked last year .. ,, ... 

Full time.,,.,, .•....• ,, •......•. ,, •.. , •.. 

50 to 52 weeks ................... . 

40 to 49 weeks •.. , ...•..... , .. , ... , 

27 to 39 weeks.,, •................ 

26 weeks or less ..................... .. 

Part time, .......................... . 

50 to 52 weeks .•...•...•. 

40 to 49 weeks,, .. ,, .. , .. , ... ,.,,. 

27 to 39 weeks •. , •........ 

26 weeks or less ...................... .. 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not .,orking: 

Ill or disabled,. 

Keeping house .. 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired, 

Other. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

();umbers in ttlousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

All races 

Below low-incom•~ 

l!•vel 

Total Percent 

10,362 

7 ,11!1 

6,257 

5,046 

<B3 

'" '" '" "' "I 

2<e "' 

3,176 

1,951 '" 

3 

4. 931 

4,247 

4,044 

3,375 

"' 

215 i 

"'I " n 

" " 

5,431 

2, 934 

2,214 

1,670 

"' "' '"' "' "' " " '" 

2,497 

1, "' 951 

3 

" "I " 

Number of 

" 

13 ' 

" 

"' 

·~ I 

I 343 1 

""I "' " 

HO 

"' ,,., 

'" " " " " 80 

" 

" 

J'6 

H3 

'" 

" " ' 

total 

,; :~ I 13.4 

10.5 

'-' 

12.2 ( 

21.7 

17.7 

30,5 

11.1 

'"' 21.8 '"' 

(ll) 

(B) 

'-' 

'.o 

3.' 

2.3 

I 

' I. 

'-' 

'-' 

14 .5 1 

21.8 i 

1~~~ I 

'" (B) 

25.5 

28,2 

(B) 

21.7 '"' 

(B) '"' 

10.7 

'·' '·' 3,1 I 

'-' 

'-' 

19.8 

11.0 

'·' '.o 

10,2 

17,0 

15.6 

33.2 

11.1 

'"' (B) 

"' "' 

White 1 I Below l<>W-InC<>f~!e ! . level 

Total Percent 

9,3!10 

6,494 

5,698 

4,636 

"' 

3;0 '" 

'" '" 

210 " 

2,881 

1,839 '" 

3 

" '" " ' 

4 ,477 

'·"'I 3 '707 

3,112 

,, I m 

186 . 

'" " " " " 

"' 

30 

,, 

6 

, ·''"I 

::m~l "' "' "' 32,. 

" " "' 

2,286 

1,839 "' 

' " " 23 

;.lumber of 

6 

" 

'" 

"' '" ' " " 

'" 

"' >01 

66 

w 

" 30 

n 

'" 

3 

30 

<36 

"' 80 

" n

6 

'" 

16< " 

n 

" 2 

total 

'-' 

'.o 

3.2 

'-' 3.' 

'-' 

12,9 

'·' '-' 

6.3 

17,6 

15.4 

26.4 

10 .o 

(O) 

(6) 

23.3 

(B) 

'"' 

6.0 

3 ·' '-' 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

11,2 

17.4 

12.5 

(o) 

(B) 

(B) I 23.0 

24.7 

(B) 

23.1 '"

(B) 

"' 

'·' 

::~I 

'·' '·' I '-' 

1~ :: I 

'-' "' (B) 

13.5 

13.4 

28,4 

10 .o 

"' '"' (6) 

"' 

)legro' 

Below lov.·-lneome 

level 

Total Percent 

I 866 I 

"' '" "' " " " 

19 : 

13 ' , 

'" 

'" " 

n 

'"' 3>6 

2!11 

'" 26 

" " 26 

-1 

J 

.::~ I 130 1 

:~ I , " 

:li 

'" I 

9lj 

94 i 

- i 

' 

~I 

)lumber of 

zo3 I 

" ;o 

" 3 

30 " 

3 

w 

" 

" 

" 30 

' 

totnl 

23.5 

15.3 

10,2 

'-' 

'"' (0) 

35.5 '"' 

'"' (B) 

(0) 

'"' 42.5 

51.4 

31.9 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) '"' 

'"' 

18,0 

11.7 

6.< 

'-' 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

'"' '"' '"' '"' (B) 

"' 

'" (B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

28.0 

19,2 

13.1 

o.o 

(6) 

(B) 

(B) 

31.9 

(B) 

'"' "' (B) 

40.9 

50.9 

31.9 

(B) 

(B) 

"' '"' 
68 

Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by LoW-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex, and Race-Continued 

Work experience and age 

60 TO 64 YEARS 

Both Sexes 

Total .. , ... , .••.••.•..•.••• , .••.• , ..•. 

Worked last year .•.....••.. , .... , ..•..•..••. 

Full time •..••.. , ........................ . 

SO to 52 weeks ..•.•..•....•...... , •..... 

40 to 49 weeks ......................... . 

27 to 39 weeks, .... , .•..•.••.• , , •... , ••. 

26 weeks or less, ............ .. 

""" 50 time, ...•.... , ....••••. · •. • • · • • • · · • • • 

<O 

" 

to 52 weeks., ..•.•. , ..• ,, ..•. , •.. , •.. 

to 49 weeks .•..••.•. , ..•..•.•..•.•.•. 

to 39 weeks ....•....•.•••• , .•.•. , •••• 

26 weeks or less ••.••.• , •.••..•••.. , , ••. 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled 

Keeping house.",, 

Going to school .. , . , ..... , .. , .... , , . 

Unable to find work .. ,.,,, ... . 

Retired ... , ..• ,, ... 

Other. 

ln Anned Forces., ......... , ••.••.•.•. , ..... . 

Male 

Total .•..•. , .•..•.••. , •.•. , •.•• , ••.••. 

Worked last year ..•• ,., .. , .••• ,,, •.• , •... , .• 

Full time ................................ . 

50 to 52 weeks •••..... , •. ,,, •..• , .•.•. ,. 

40 to 49 weeks ................... ,. .... . 

27 to 39 weeks •• , .•.. , .•..•..•.••.••.••. 

26 weeks or less ....................... . 

Part time .•• , •..•. , ••..•.••.•..•.••.•.. , •. 

50 to 52 weeks .•. ; .•••....•••••... , .•..• 

40 to 49 weeks., .................... ., .. 

27 to 39 weeks •.. , •.•..•.••.••.•.••..•.• 

26 weeks or less •... , ...• , .•.•••...•• , .• 

Did not work last year ..... 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Going to school,. 

Unable to find work .. 

Retired. 

Other. 

In A nned Forces ......•.....•••.••. , ••••. , ... 

Female 

Total .•.••...•..•.••. , •••••••.••••..•. 

Worked last year .. , ..•• , •••• , ..•.•.••.••.•.. 

Full time, ...• , .... , .•. , •.•• , .•.•. , •.•••.• 

50 to 52 weeks ••.•• , •• , • , ••.• , , •. , , • , •.• 

40 to 49 weeks ........................ .. 

27 to 39 "'eeks ••.••... , •••• , , •.•••...... 

26 weeks or less ...................... .. 

Part time, •.. ,, ... , .••. , .•• , .•.. , .•..• , .•• 

50 to 52 weeks, .. ,., •.• , ••• , ••.• , .•..• ,, 

40 to 49 weeks ..... ., ................. .. 

27 to 39 weeks .. , , .••. , •••...• , , ••..••.• 

26 weeks or less .............. .. 

Did not work last year .............. .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill o.r disabled. 

Keeping house. 

Going to school. ......... .. 

Unable to find work .. , ........ , ... , .... , R<>tired,. 

Other. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

All races 

Del<YW low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

9,124 

5,393 

4,515 

3,500 

3" 

<H "' 

30< "'

>06 "'

'" 

3, 731 

1,055 

1,987 

w 

60, " 

" 

4,250 

3,303 

3,026 

2,401 

"' 156 

3<3 

"' 103 

" 

W< " 

'" 

5" 

' 

4,874 

2,090 

1,489 

1,099 

106 

113 

601 "' 

"' " 

1" " 

2. 784 

1 '987 "' 

6 

33 

10 

Number of 

"' 305 

103 "' 

16 

15 

« 

1'6 

" 

11 ' 

" 

"' "' 2 

10 

" 13 

350 

153 

"' " 

11 ' 

" " 6 

' " 

"' 

55 ' 

" 

566 

151 

" " 10 

16 

" 33 

< 

'6 

" 

15< 

'" 

3 ' 

' 

total 

10,1 

5.6 

<.O 

'-' 

5.3 

5.6 

10.5 

14,3 

11.8 

5.6 

10.1 

22,3 

16.4 

26.3 

11.7 

(6) 

(6) 

12,9 

(6) 

(6) 

6.2 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

~:~ I 10.5 

14.8 

9.0 

(B) 

(B) 

26.3 

20.8 

23.5 

(6) I (6) 

14.3 I 

~=~ I 1J 

I 7.2 1 

4,5 i 

10.6 t:l' 

14.1 

13.3 

.., 

11.2 

20.2 

14.9 

29.0 

11.7 

(6) 

(6) 

10,6 

(B) 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

8,243 

4,913 

4,154 

3,238 

29< 

3<6 

"6 

"' 206 

1M 

261 " 

3,330 

651 

1,871 

6 

36 

'" 

3,848 

3,026 

2, 788 

2,229 

1" 

1« 

216 

'36 

35 " 

" " 

"1 

«3 

15 ' 

4,396 

1,887 

1,366 

1,009 

102 " 

156 

"1 

,., 

" 

1H 

2,509 

,., 

1,871 

9 

23 

190 

10 

Number of 

6" 

"' 1<1 

" 13 

11 

30 

66 

" 6 

' " 

<63 

163 

19< 

10 ' 

" " 

'" "' " "· 6 

' 

32 " 

6 

3 

21 

63 

' " 10 

'" 

106 

" " 9 

13 

56 

21 

3 

316 

100 

1M 

2 

3 

16 

' 

total 

6.< 

.., 

3.< 

'-' 

< .3 

<.5 

6.0 

11.6 

'·6 

5.5 

'-' 

17.9 

13.9 

21.6 

10.3 

(6) 

(6) 

11.6 

(6) 

(6) 

'.o 

< .o 

3.2 

'-' 

'-' 

< .6 

'-' 

13.4 

'·' (6) 

(6) 

23.6 

17.9 

18,8 

(6) 

(6) 

13.2 

(6) 

(6) 

,,9 

.., 

3.6 

'·6 6.< 

<.3 

6.5 

10.8 

10,0 

(6) 

(6) 

15,0 

12.6 

24.5 

10.3 

(9) 

(6) 

6.5 

(6) 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

610 

"' "' "' " 20 

111 " 

51 

12 

35 " 

201 

100 

1 ·,. 

" 

3" 

,. "' 

156 

31 

9 

" " 11 

< 

" 

1'< 

60 

5 

36 

"' 165 

109 

11 ' 

12 

<O " 

10 

6 

" 

'" 

"' 100 

1 

10 

23 

Number of 

"' " 36 

16 

< ' 

13 

35 

13 

1 

' " 

1« 

.. 

33 

16 

1 

60 

30 

23 

10 

' ' 

' 

50 

' 

136 

<3 

15 

6 

< 

5 

13 " 

1 

2 

13 

5< 

33 

, 

total 

26.5 

16.6 

11.6 

.., 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

31.5 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

37.9 

46.8 

32,8 

(B) 

(B) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

21.1 

11.8 

10.6 

9.1 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

40.2 

49,4 

(6) 

(6) 

(B) 

(6) 

(6) 

31.0 

23.2 

13,7 

'-' (6) 

(6) 

(B) 

36.8 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

36,8 

45,0 

32.8 

(6) 

"' (6) 

(6) 

( 
Table 13. Work Experience by Age--Persons 14 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Sex, and Race-Continued (Numbers in th<msands. Persons us of Murch 1975) 

All races Wh1 te I ;o<egro 1 

69 

llelow tow-Income 

lev"! 

llelo\\ loW-l!l<"JmC 

level 

Ueln"· low-Income 

level 

Work experience and age 

65 YEARS AND OVER 

Both Sexes 

Total ............... ,.,, .........••.. , 

Worked last year, .. ,.,,.,,, ... , 

Pull time,, •... , ..... , ..... , •.....•. , , , ... 

50 to 52 weeks ••• , •••••••••••••••••••••• 

~0 to 49 weeks. . .•......•.••. , ••... 

27 to 39 weeks •• , ...................... , 

26 weeks or less, ..... , ..•. , •... ,.,,, ..• 

Part time ..•. , ..•. ,, ... , .. ,, ...... ,, .. , .. , 

50 to 52 weeks.. . ..• , ......•....•...• 

40 to 49 weeks •..•..........••.••.. ,:, .• 

27 to 39 weeks ... , .. , .......... , ....... . 

26 weeks or less., .. , .. , .•..•. , •.. , ... .. 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .. 

Keeping house .......... . 

Going to school .... , .. . 

Unable to find work .. . 

Retired. 

Other ..... 

Male 

Total ...............•.•..•.....•..•••. 

Worked last year ... , ....... , ..•.•....• , .. ,,. 

Full time ••......•..•.............. , •. , •.. 

50 to 52 weeks .. , .... ,,,.,, .......•.. , .. 

40 to 49 weeks,, ....... , ........• , ..• , .. 

27 to 39 weeks ..... , .. , , • , , . , •.... , ..•.. 

26 weeks or less., •.. ,,,., •..... , 

Part time, .• ,., .. , .• , .. , .. , .••. , •.•... , •. , 

50 to 52 weeks .•.. , , ..... , ••.•...•...... 

40 to 49 weeks, ........................ . 

27 to 39 weeks, . , , , .....•. , ••• , ... , . , .. . 

26 weeks or less, .... , .•. ,,., •....•..•. , 

Did not work last year .. , 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. , .. , .. , .. , 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other .. 

Female 

Total •....•.•.. 

Worked last year •.. , .... ,., .. , •..••..•... ,,, 

Full time, ••.. , ..• ,, ... , •..• ,., ...•. ,, .. ,, 

50 to 52 weeks ....•...•.•.•••........•.. 

40 to 49 weeks .•............•.......•... 

27 to 39 weeks, •.....•.•• , , ..•• , .......• 

26 weeks or less., ... ,, .. , .•. , ..... , .. ,, 

Part time., •. ,, ....•.....•. , .•....•... , .. . 

50 to 52 weeks, • , , •. , , , , .• , ...•.. , . , , .. . 

40 to 49 weeks., ...•..•••. , •• , ..•. ,, ••.. 

27 to 39 weeks ... , ... ,,, .•.. , ••......•. , 

26 weeks or less ....................... . 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Keeping house. 

Going to school. 

Unable to find work., 

Retired. 

Other. 

Total 

21,127 

4,304 

2,1211 

1,3711 

m "' 

2,176 "' 

1,036 

'" "' "' 16,823 

3,542 

6,100 

" 6 '975 " 

125 

fl, 722 

2 '739 

1,509 

1,009 

"' "' 

1,230 "' 

596 

'" 

406 "' 

5, 983 

1,273 

' ",648 

" 

12,404 

1,564 

"' "' " 

)50 " 

'" '" "' )06 

"' 10,841 

2,268 

6,100 

n 

2,327 " 

" 

Number 

3,308 

"' '" " ' " " 

" " ' "' 

2. 919 

1,017 '" , 

936 

'" 

1,033 

"' no 

102 " 

" 

'" 

"6 

6 ,, 

2,275 

'" " " , 

,,. " 

" " 

2,127 

1 ,017 "' , 

" 

Percent 

tnt a i 

15.7 1 

'·' '·' '·' '·" '·' '·' 9.9 

" ' ' '·' 16.3 

17.5 

26.9 

16.7 

"' 

13.4 "'

16.1 

ll.fl 

'-' 

" " '·' '·' '-' 

6 ·' '-' '.o 

u 

14.7 

13,7 

22,5 

(8) 

'"' 11.2 

(8) 

18.3 

'·' '·' '-' 

(8) 

(8) 

'-' 

12 .o 

u.6 '·' I 

18.5 '·' 

19.6 

29.4 

16.7 

"' 

17.8 '" 

13 .o 

T<>ta I 

19,206 

3,888 

1, 970 

1,284 

'" '" 

1, "' 918 

'" '"' 195 

608 

15,318 

2,914 

5. 763 

" 6,476 

" 

"7 ,893 

2,493 

1,394 

638 

>00 

'" 

1,099 "' 

"' 

)0) "' 

'" 

5,400 

1,047 

' 4,310 

" 

11,313 

1,395 

"' "' " " '" '" "' " " '" 

9,911! 

1 ,867 

5' 763 

n 

2,165 " 

60 

2,642 

"' "' 

' 6 

H6 

" u 

2 ,37!4 

'" '" , 

" 

6H 

' "' 6 

1,845 

'" " " 

80 

" 6 

1, 738 

"' "' , 

" "' 

PercPnt I of : 

total 

13,8 

'-' 

5, 9 

6.0 

_3. '·' 7 . 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' "-' 

13.1 

15.5 

22.2 

15,4 

(6) 

12,5 '" 

12.7 

10.1 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' '·' '-' 

6.2 i 

5 .o i 

'-' 

10.4 

11.9 

17,0 

"' (6) 

10,5 

'" 

16.3 

'.6 

'.6 

'-' 

(8) 

6.0 "' 

'·' '-' 6.' 

).6 

16,8 

17.5 

25.1 

15.4 

(6) 

"' 16.6 il 

'"' 

Total 

1, 722 

m 

"' 80 

u 

30 " 

'" '" " " " 1,346 

"6 

"' 

u 

"' " 

"' 

216 1 

97 ' 

6! I 

2~ I 

" " 

6 

6 

995 

"' 38 

" 

' ' 

" 

u " 

" 

834 1 

38' I "' 

,; II 

" 

.'lumber 

"' " " " 

" ' ' ' " 

' "' 

' 

, 

60 

' " " ' 

"' 

'" "' 

-Represents zero. B !lase less than 75,000. 1The data on persons by race in tables 6, 10-15, 45 and 46 differ frorn those in other tables of this report where persons are 

classified by race of the family head. 

Percent 

total "' 

36,4 

23 ,II 

17.7 

12.6 

(6) 

'"' (6) 

27.1 

" ' '"' (6) 

41.5 

39.9 

48.7 

43,6 

"' (8) 

25,6 

(6) 

2fl.7 

22.3 

16,9 

(6) 

(B) 

"' 

26.7 '"' 

(B) 

"' '" "' 

31.6 

46,7 

"' (8) 

20,8 

(8) 

41.9 

25.7 

"' (B) 

(6) 

"' (6) 

27,6 

(6) 

(B) 

"' (B) 

45.0 

"' 43.6 

(B~ 

35.4 "' 

,,, 
.

70 

Table 14. Occupation and Class of Worker of longest Job--Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked Last 

Year by Low-Income Status in 1974. Family Status, Sex, and Race 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975} 

Occupation and class of worker 

of longest job and 

family status 

ALL PERSONS 

Both Sexes 

Worked last year,,, .•.•..•..•.•••. ,,,, 

Wage and salary workers ••.•.•..•.••. ,.,,,,,, 

Professional and managerial, •. ,,.,,,,,, •.• 

Clerical and sales, ••. ,.,,,,,,,,,., .•..•• , 

Craft and kindred workers., ••• ,,,,,,,., ••. 

Operatives, incl. transport ••••••••••.•..• 

Laborers, exc. farm.,,,,,,,,,,,,, •..••.. ,, 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors,, ••.•. 

Service wkrs., exc. priv. household .. ,,,,, 

Private household workers •••.•... ,,,,,,,,, 

Self-employed, farm •• ,,, ............ ,,,,,,,, 

Self-employed, other,, .. ,,,,,,,,,,, •...•..• , 

Unpaid family. workers, , , , , , . , •.•••.. , , , • , , , , 

llale 

Worked last yei.r ........... ,, .. ,., ... . 

Wage and salary workers, , , , , , , , , , , •••.••• , , , 

Professional and managerial.,,,,, •••.••... 

Clerical and sale:;~,.,., .•.• , •• ,,,, •• , .••.• 

Craft and kindred workers.,,,,, .••.•.. , •. , 

Operative:;~, incl. transport .............. . 

Laborers, exc, farm, .. ,, ........... , .. ,,,, 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors,, ••.•• 

Service wkrs,, exc. priv, household.,,,,,, 

Private hou9ehold workers ••• ,, .•.•• ,.,,,,, 

Self-employed, farm .•••••. ,.,,,,,,,,, •.•.•. , 

Self-employed, other,,, .•.••••.• ,,,,,,,,,,,. 

Unpaid family wOrkers ............ ,.,,, .. ,,,, 

Female 

·worked l!Uit year .......... ,, .... , ... .. 

Wage and salary workers ................. , .. , 

Profesaional- and managerial •• , , , •••.•. , . , • 

Clerical and sales •• ,., .•••••. ,.,,,,,,,,,, 

Craft and kindred workers ••• ,.,, •••••••.•• 

Operatives, incl. transport,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Laborere, axe. farm ....... , .... ,, ........ . 

Fann laborers, mgr's, & supervisors ••••••• 

Service wkre., exc, prtv, household,,,,,,, 

Private household workers,,, •• , ••.••. ,,,,. 

Self-employed, fano ... ,.,, .. ,, ............ .. 

Self-employed, other ... ,., .... , ............ . 

Unpaid flllllily workers .... ,,, .. , .. , .. , ...... , 

FAMILY HEA-DS 

aoth Sexes 

Worked last year,,,,,., .•.•• ,,,,,,,,,, 

Wage and salary workers ........... ,,.,,,,,,, 

Profoostonal and managerial .•.• ,,,,,,,,,,, 

Clerical and sales, .... ,, ... , .. ,, ........ . 

Craft and' kindred workers, ............... . 

Operatives, incl. transport,,,,,,,, •••.••. 

Laborers, exc. far:m ................... , .. , 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors,,,,,,, 

Service wkrs,, exc. priv. household,,,,,,, 

Private hOUIIehold workers .• ,.,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Self-employed, £arm,,,,, •••..•.••.•..••.. ,,, 

Sel£-employed, other .... ., .. , .... ,.,,,,. .. ,, 

Unpaid family workers, .. , ................. ,, 

See £ootnotes at end of table, 

Total 

103,796 

94,496 

20,591 

23,349 

11,539 

15,884 

5,972 

1,924 

13,136 

2,103 

1,971 

5, 778 

1,551 

60,102 

53,753 

13,210 

6,652 

10,972 

10,388 

5,494 

1,437 

5, 509 

1, 762 " 4' 155 

m 

43,694 

40,743 

7,381 

16,697 

066 

5,495 

"' 

7,626 "' 

2,014 

'"8 

1,623 

1,120 

45,146 

40,044 

ll' 272 

5, 843 

8, 726 

7,609 

2,242 

570 

3' 553 

229 

1,480 

3,583 

39 

All races• 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

6' 376 

5' 188 

33' 

"6 

380 

"0 

"' 399 

1,291 

"3 

386 

"' "' 

3,300 

2,457 

'" >79 

360 

509 

5" 

"6 

409 

6 

3" 

<00 

" 

3,076 

2, 731 

>66 

"' 20 

900 

" '" 8" 

"' 25 

"' '" 

2,691 

2,032 

252 '" 

229 

"' 2" 

"8 '" 

"3 

3>0 

33' 

" 

tnta I 

6.' 

5.5 

'.6 3.' 

3.3 

5.' 9., 

20.7 

9.8 

21.1 

19.6 

9. 9 

14.9 

5.5 

9.6 

>.3 

2.' 

3.3 

9.9 

9.9 

19'.9 '.9 

6. 9 

20,5 

9.6 

19.1 

,.0 

6.' 

2.3 9.' 

3.5 

'·3 

'-' 

23.3 

11.6 

21,7 

12,0 

10,6 

13.2 

6.0 5.' 

LO 

9.3 

2.6 

6.5 

9.5 

26.7 

12,6 

58.2 

20.9 

9.3 

(B) 

Total 

92,356 

83,555 

19,190 

21,463 

10,602 

13' 521 

4,897 

1,612 

10,800 

1,471 

1,886 

5,455 

1,461 

54,032 

48,003 

12,499 

6, 138 

10,094 

8,972 

4,496 

1 247 

<487 

70 

1,679 

3,943 

"' 

38,324 

35,551 

6,691 

15,324 

SOB 

4,549 

402 

369 

6,313 

1,400 

206 

l ,512 

1,054 

40,550 

35' 706 

10,678 

5,315 

8,128 

6,532 

1,770 

2, "' 736 

1,404 " 3,401 

38 

Below low tncomo 

level 

!

Percent 

)lumber or 

4, 562 

3, 529 

269 

'" 283 

020 

"9 

2>9 

'" 

399 '" 

"' '" 

2,487 

1 ,738 "9 

"9 

266 

3::15 

365 

2>3 

256 

3 

329 

"' " 

2,074 

1 '791 

>29 

5>0 

265 " 

" " "' '" 25 

"' '" 

1,935 

1,348 

95 

"' "6 

338 

'" "' 258 

" "' 295 

" 

I total 

9. 9 

u 

L9 

3.0 

2.' 

9.6 

17,0 '.' 

8.0 

13.1 

18.5 

9.0 

13, 1 

4.'6 

3.6 

'-' 

2.3 

2.' 

9.0 

17. '·' 1 

5.' 

(B) 

19.3 

8.9 

18,2 

5.9 

5.0 

>.9 3., 

3.0 

5.B 

3.5 

16.8 

9.6 

13,5 

12.1 

9.3 

11,2 

9.8 

3.6 

0. 9 

3.9 

2. 2 

5. 2 

B.6 

23,5 

9.9 

(B) 

19,8 

6.' 

(B) 

Total 

9,845 

9,483 

99> 

1) 584 6" 2,126 

"' 266 

2,107 

020 

235 " 

59 

5) 171 

4,933 

995 

426 

1' '" 305 

'" '" 902 

70 " 

'" " 

4,674 

4,551 

546 

1' 156 

48 

820 

" 1,205 '" 

606 

' " " 

3,993 

3, 810 

"0 

"' 506 

1,009 

"' 90 

"' '" " '" 

).logrol 

Below tow-income 

level 

Percent 

Nur.:ber of 

1,646 

1 ,514 

96 

200 

'" "' 389 

299 

29 

" 26 

629 "' 

33 " 

>36 " 

'" 

>26 

3 

29 

" ' 

933 

885 

'" 5 

"' 20 

258 

296 

"' 65> 

70 " 

" '" " 90 

'" 93 

25 

" 

total 

16.7 

16,0 9., 

11 ,5 

10.8 

12,2 

18.9 

45,5 

18.2 

40. l 

(8) 

32.2 

(B) 

13,8 

12.8 

2.6 '.6 

10.9 

10,4 

18.1 

44 .o 14.0 

(B) 

(6) 

31.2 

(B) 

20.0 

19.4 

6.9 

12.9 

(B) 

15.1 

(8) 

48,0 

21,4 

40,5 

(B) 

33.9 

(8) 

17.8 

17. 1 

3.6 

14,8 

9.3 

14.1 

13,8 

44.4 

23,9 

62,7 

(B) 

30,0 

(B) 
71 

Table 14. Occupation and Class of Worker of Longest Job--Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked Last 

Year by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers 1n thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Occupation and class of worker 

of longest job and 

family status 

FAMILY HEADS--Continued 

Male 

Worked last year ....••.•..•... , .. ,,,,. 

Wage and salary workers ••..•.. ,, ••...•.. , .• , 

Professional and managerial., ... ,,,,, •..• , 

Clerical and sales,,,,,,, ••.... ,,,,,,, .••• 

Craft and kindred workers,,,,,,, ••••• ,,.,, 

Operatives, inCl. tJ:"anaport. , , , . , , , , ••••.. 

1,aborers, exc. farm, •• ,., ...... , .. ,, •• ,, 

Farm laborera, mgr's, & supervisors,,,,,,, 

Service wkrs,, exc. priv. household, •••.•. 

Private household workers •.••.•• ,,,,,,,.,, 

Self-employed, farm .................... ,.,,, 

Self-employed, other ...... , ............ ,,, .. 

Unpaid family workers, ............. ; ....... . 

Female 

Worked last year.,.,,.,,, •• ,, ... ,.,,,, 

Wage and salary workers .................... . 

Professional and managerial, .. ,,,,.,,,,,,, 

Clerical and sales ....... , ...... , ..•...• , 

Craft and kindred workers ••••••.••.. ,,,,,, 

Operatives, incl. transport ••.•.••.•••..•. 

Laborers, exc, farm ••••.•• ,,.,.,,.,,., •••• 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors.,,, .• , 

Service wkrs., exc, priv. household •..••• , 

Private household workers ••.•••••. ,,,, •••• 

Self-employed, farm ......... ,, ............. , 

Self-employed, other,,, ••••.•.••..••.. ,.,,., 

Unpaid family workers, ... ,,, ..... , ..... ,, .. , 

WIVES 

Worked last year ... , ................ .. 

Wage and salary workers •• , , , , , •.••••• , • , ... . 

Professional and managerial,,.,,,,., •• , ••. 

Clerical and sales.,,,,.,,.,, .•..••• ,,,.,, 

Craft and kindred workers ••. ,.,,,,, ••.•••• 

Operatives, incl. transport,,,,,, ••••••••• 

Laborers, ex c. farm ................ ,, .... , 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors.,.,,,, 

Service wkrs,, axe. priv. household ••••• ,, 

Private household workers •••.. , .•••• , •• ,., 

Self-employed, farm, •••• ,,, ••••.••.••• , ••••• 

Self-employed, other ......... ,, ............ . 

Unpaid family workers,,.,, .••.• ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

OTHER FAMILY MEMBERS 

Both Sexes 

Worked last year, .. , ............... , .. 

Wage and salary workers ................... .. 

Professional and managerial •.•• ,,,,,.,,,,, 

Clerical and sales .. ,, ............... , .. .. 

Craft and kindred workers ••. , •••• ,,,, ••••• 

Operattvcs, incl. transport,,,,, ••.••..••. 

Laborers, uxc, farm,, •.••.• ,,,,,, •••••.•.• 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors,,,,,,, 

Service wkrs,, exc, priv. household,,,, .• , 

Private household workers,,.,,,, •• ,, .••.• ,· 

Self-employed, farm ....... ,, .......... , ... .. 

Self-employ<.-'<!, other ............. , ........ .. 

Unpaid fmnily workers ..... , .. , ............. , 

Soe footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

40,820 

35,894 

10,643 

4,342 

8,666 

6' 929 

2, 196 

5" 

2,567 

1,456 " 3,445 

'" 

4,326 

4, 151 

1 ,501 "' 

6.0 " 

" 

oe6 

'" " "' " 

24,552 

22,341 

4,587 

9,396 

3,489 "' 

'" 

3,603 '" 

"' 

1,144 

955 

22,623 

21 ,444 

1,927 

5,431 

1' 529 

3,308 

2, 895 

1,025 

4,334 

"6 

'" "' 530 

J\ll races 

Below low-1ncomc 

lt•vet 

Percent 

Number ef 

1' 745 

1' 129 

" 

,, 

>05 "' 

"' '" 3 

30< 

30, 

"' '" "6 " 

6 "3 8 

3" 

,30 

6 

"' "' " "' 

'" ' " '" " 5 

66 

'" 

1,242 

1 '102 

" '" 56 

'" '" 

3>5 '" 

" " " " 

tcta l 

.., 

'·' o.' 

1.5 

,.6 

'·' '·3 

24. 1 

'·' (B) 

20.9 

'·' (B) 

21,9 

21.8 6., 

12,4 

(D) 

28,4 

(e) 

(e) 

32,2 

61.7 

(e) 

22.9 

(e) 

'-' '·6 

'-' 

,_, 

3., '· 5 

3., 

20.8 

<.3 

15.2 

'·' 5.B 

:1.0 

5.5 

5.' 

,_, 

3.' 3., 

.., 

13,8 '·' 

'-' 5., 

'·' s.o 

18,5 

Total 

37,367 

32,672 

10, 152 

4,069. 

8,081 

6,056 

1' 740 

"' 2,119 

1,381 ' 3,290 

" 

3,183 

3,033 

"6 

1' 247 

"6 " 

30 

, 

6" 

" 

112 " 

22,218 

20,096 

4, 214 

8,846 

3,034 "' 

'" 

3,071 '" 

'" 

1 ,098 '" 

"' 

19,754 

18,661 

I, 731 

4,826 

1,351 

2, 777 

2,463 

B5< 

3, 713 

'" '" '" '" 

'llh1 te 1 

Below low->ncome 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,409 

854 

53 

55 

,3 "'

'" " " , 

"' "6 

"6 

"5 

" '" 3 

'" , 

'" " 

" 6 

5BB 

<30 

" 

' " 

" '" , 

5 

" " 

"' 6>0 

" " " " '" 90 

"' 38 

" " " 

tolal 

3. B 

'-' 

0.6 

'-' 

3.' '·' 

6.6 

22,0 

.., 

(B) 

19.7 

6.< 

(B) 

16.5 

16,3 

'·' '·' (B) 

24.4 

(B) 

(e) - 27,4 

(e) 

(e) 

17.2 

(B) 

,.6 

'·' '·0 '·' '·3 

'-' 

'· 5 13.6 

'·' '·' '·' 5.6 

10.1 

3.6 '.3 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·' 

10.2 '·' 

'-' 

.., 

,.3 

15,2 '·' 

Total 

2, 902 

2,741 

"' 

"6 '" 

e>6 

"' " "' 

" 99 

1,091 

1,069 

" '" 

'" " 

355 " 

'" 

, 

1' 948 

1,898 

,, 

"' 

33 ' 

"' '" 

, 

" 

2,469 

2,400 

"' "' '" "' "' 

555 '" 

" 3 

" " 

llelow tow-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

303 

'" ' " " 65 

55 

, 

" 2 

" " 

'" 3" 

' " 3 

" 6 

" '" " 

" 

'" '" 3 

" , 

20 

, 

" " " 

3 

"' '" " " 

68 " 

" " 

" ' " " 

total 

10.5 

'·3 '·3 .., 

B.9 

5.0 

12.9 

(e) 

10.1 

(e) 

(e) 

25, 1 

(B) 

37.4 

37,1 

'·6 

24.3 

(e) 

39.7 

(e) 

(e) 

39,9 

64,8 

(e) 

(e) 

(e) 

'-' '.3 '·0 ,.e 

(B) 

5.3 

(e) 

(e) 

6.6 

22.2 

(e) 

(B) 

(B) 

19.4 

18.7 

'-' 

13,4 

13,1 

14.6 

22.8 

43,5 

22.9 

26,5 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 
72 

Table 14. Occupation and Class of Worker of Longest Job--Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked last 

Year by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status. Sex, and Race-Continued 

O<:cupatlon and class of worker 

of longest job and 

family stntus 

OTilER FAMILY MEMBERS--Continued 

Male 

Worked last year ••........•..••.••.•.• 

Wage and salary workers,,,,,,.,,,.,, .. ,,.,,, 

Professional and managerial.,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Clerical and sales., .•..• ,,, .••.•• , .••.•• , 

Craft and kindred workers .••. , •.••..••.•.• 

Operatives, incl. transport,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Laborera, exc. farm ••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors ••..••• 

Service wkrs., exc. priv. household •••.•.• 

Private household workers •• , •. ,,,,.,.,,.,, 

Self-employed, farm ....................... .. 

Self-employed, other ....................... , 

Unpaid family workers ................ ,,,, .. , 

Female 

Worked last year ...... , .............. . 

Wage and salary workers,.,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Professional and managerial ••••••••••.•••• 

Clerical and sales •.•• , ................. .. 

Craft and kindred workers.,,,., .• , •••.••.• 

Operatives, incl. transport .•••.••.••. , • , , 

Laborers, exc. farm •.••.•.••.••. • • • • • • • • • • 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors •.•••.• 

Service wkrs., exc. prtv. household.,,,,,, 

Private household workers .••..•..•••.•.••• 

Self-employed, farm ..•..•.•..•..• • • •. • •· • • • • 

Self-employed, other,,,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,, ..•• , 

Unpaid family workers,,.,, •.•• , •. ,,, •.•..•.• 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

BOth Sexes 

Worked last year,, ••• ,,,,.,,,, •. ,,,.,. 

Wage and salary workers ........ ." .......... .. 

Professional and managerial,, .. ,,,,, •. ,,,, 

Clerical and sales, .. ,,, .. , .. , .. ,, ..... ,,, 

Craft and kindred workers ••• , .•••••••••• ,. 

Operat1ves, incl. transport •••.••••••••••• 

Laborers, ex c. farm ••••••••.••.••.••.••••• 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors,,,,,,, 

Sorvice wkrs., m:c, prtv. household ....... 

Private household workers •• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Self-employed, farm •••••••• , •••••• , •••••••.• 

Self-employed, other ....... , .. , ... , ..... , ... 

Unpaid family workers,., •. ,, •• ,, •••• ,,,.,, •• 

Male 

worked last year ..................... . 

Wage and salary workers., , • , •• , .••• , ••••..•• 

Professional and managerial •.. ,,,,.,, .••• , 

Clerical and sales ... , .... , .. , .. ,, .. , ..... 

Craft and kindred workers •••• , ••• , .• , ••.•• 

Op!"ratives, incl. transport,,,,,,,,, .• , •• , 

Laborers, cxc. farm ••.•..•..••.••••••••••• 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors ....... 

Service wkrs., exc, priv. household,,,,,., 

Private household workers •.••.•••.••••• ,., 

Self-employed, farm .. ,,, .. ,,,, .. , .. ,, .. ,,,,, 

Solf-ernployed, other ...................... .. 

Unpaid family workers .... , ................ .. 

See footnotes at end uf table, 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

13,293 

12,362 

1,088 

l ,596 

1,457 

2,472 

2, 719 

2,205 "' 

" '" "' "' 

9,330 

9,082 

a" 3,836 

" a" 

"' 26' 

2, 130 

'" 

'"' "' 

Il,475 

10,666 

2, 805 

2,679 

9" 

1,478 

6N 

"3 1,645 

"6 "a 6M 

" 

5, 989 

5,497 

1,479 

"' 850 

9" 

"' >45 

"' 

"' "3 ,. 

All races 

Below low-income 

l"vcl 

Percent 

Number of 

"' 634 

5 

43 

" '"' '" 96 

>49 

'" 

69 " 

5M 

<6a 

"6 " 

3 

39 

" 

"6 " 

59 

1,685 

1,472 

>43 

302 

'86 "9 

.sa 

" "' '" 

>49 " 

" 

"' 094 

84 

" 84 

"' ''" " "' 3 

" " 

total 

5,6 

5.' 

0.4 

2,' 

3.6 4.' 

6,9 

12.6 

6.a 

(o) 

10,3 

<.6 

17.5 

5,4 

5, 2 

2.3 

3.3 

(a) 4.' 

6.5 

16.7 

,,a 

6.3 

(a) 

6.3 

21.0 

14.7 

13.8 

5,1 

11.3 

9,3 

11.4 

25,4 

42,8 

22,6 

50.0 

29.2 

24.6 

(o) 

13.6 

12.6 

5,, 

9,9 

9.9 

11,3 

26.0 

42,1 

17,5 

(a) 

32.4 

22,3 

(o) 

Total 

11,633 

10,754 

1,ooo 

1,427 

1' 282 

2,133 

2,328 

1' "' 841 

" "' "' "" 

8, 121 

7,908 

3,399 '" 

644 " 

"' 203 

1' 872 

a;s 

'" 

H4 " 

9, 835 

9,092 

2,567 

2,476 

805 

1' 177 

<63 

>36 

1,280 

"a 

545 '" 

" 

5,032 

4,578 

1,348 

6'3 

, "' .. ., 

"' "' 3 

3" "" 

" 

Below luw-1ncnme j 

len' I 

Percent 

>'lumber of 

"' 342 

3 

23 

29 

>00 " 

" " 

" 

" 

"' "a 

'" " 

'02 " 

38 

" 

1,325 

I, 141 

"' "2 

68 

'" "" 56 

303 

88 

" '" " 

'" 542 

" " " 85 

'" 49 

2 

34 

" 

to La\ 

3.' 

3,2 

0,3 

2.2 "' 

2,2 

4.3 

9.4 

4,' 

(B) 

9,, 

2.' 

16.7 

3,5 

3,4 

,,3 

'·' (o) 

3,' 

12.8 '·' 

5.5 

4,4 

(B) 

5,0 

10,4 

13.5 

12,5 

4,5 

10,6 

a.5 

10,7 

26.0 

41.2 

23.7 

46.8 

28.1 

22.7 

(a) 

12,9 

11.8 

5,4 

9.4 

9.' 

10.8 

26.8 

42,6 

17.5 

(a) 

30,8 

20,5 

(a) 

Total 

1 ,447 

1,406 

" "' 

302 "' 

343 

"5 " 

5 

3 

23 

" 

1,021 

394 

" "' 

'" " 45 

230 

9 

" 

1,435 

1,375 

'" "' "' "9 

"' 

"5 

'" 5 

54 

a" 

"' 90 

no " 

"' '" " '" 

5 

29 

2 

Negro I 

Below low income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

263 

"5 

" " 54 

" " 66 

9 

' 

"' '" 

52 " 

" '" " " " 

" 

3M 

"' 

33 " 

" 

36 " 

" " 80 

3 

25 

"' "' 4 

' " " " " " 

3 

,. 

total 

19,5 

18.9 

(a) 

11,0 

13,4 

17.9 

22.1 

(a) 

20.4 

(o) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

19,3 

18,5 

11.9 

14,3 

(a) 

9,' 

(o) 

(B) 

26,5 

28.0 

(B) 

(a) 

(a) 

21,2 

20. 1 

10.8 

19,0 

15,5 

11.2 

23.7 

(a) 

13.8 

54,2 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

15.5 

14,1 

"' (a) 

15,9 

9,, 

23.8 

(a) 

10,9 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 

(a) 
73 

Table 14. Occupation and Class of Worker of Longest Job--Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked Last 

Year by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Wage 

Occupation and class of worker 

of longest JOb snd 

fa111ily status 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS--con tinucd 

F..,ale 

Worked la!3t year ••••••••• ,., ••••.•••• , 

""' salary workers ................. , .. , 

Professional and managerial •••••••••••.•.• 

Clerical and sales, ......... , ........... ,, 

Craft ""' kindred workers,, , , , , ••.•••• , , , , 

Operatives, incl. transport •••..•• ,.,,., •• 

Laborers, =o. fann,,, ,, , ..••• ",., ,, , .•..•• 

Fa= laborers, litgr's, & supervisors,,, , , . , 

Service wkrs., ~0. priv. household., •• ,,, 

Private household workers ••• , ••••. , •• , •••• 

Self-employed, fann •• , ••..••••••••• , ••.••.•• 

Self-employed, other •.. ,.,,,,,.,, •..••• ,,,,, 

Unpaid family workers ................... , .. , 

Total 

5,485 

s, 169 

1,327 

1' 964 

" '" " 

907 " 

"' " "' 12 

All races 

Below low-incom<> 

level 

Percent 

Number uf 

tntal 

'" 15,8 

m 15,1 

" '-' 

"' 11. a 2 2.o 

57 11.6 

B (B) 

" 1•1 2" 26.8 

'" 49.9 

!5 1•1 

" 28,1 

7 (B) 

Tuta l 

4,803 

4,514 

1,220 

l' 833 

" '" " 22 

"' '" 

2" " 

12 

White 1 

Below low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

total 

"' 14,1 598 13.3 

202 " 11,0 '·' 

(B) 

" 10,4 

' 1•1 

(8) 

"' 28.0 

" 46.7 

" (B) 

" 26.1 

7 (8) 

Total 

"' "' 

!!! " 

" 9 

' '" '" 

25 

~egro 1 

lleluw tow-Income 

level 

Percent 

'<umber of 

total 

"' 28.9 

'" 28.1 

" 17.7 

" 23.3 

(B) 

" 15,7 (B) 

(8) 

" 17,0 

79 53.8 

1•1 12 1•1 

1•1 

- Represents zero, B Base less than 75,000, 

1The data on persons by race in tables 6, 10-15, 45 and 46 differ from those tn other tables of this report where persons are 

classified by race of the family head. 
74 

Table 15. Industry of Longest Job··Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked as Wage or salary Workers 

Last Year by Low·lncome Status in 1974. Family Status. Sex. and Race 

Industry or. longest job by family status 

ALL PERSONS 

Both Sexes 

Wage and salary workers .••.•..•..•..•. 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries,,,,,,,, 

Mining and construction, •...• , .•. , ... ,,,,,,, 

Manufacturing ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Durable •.•.••...••..•.•....•..•..•.••..•.. 

Nondurable ..••..••..••.•.•.• , .•.. ,,,,,, •. , 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public: utilities., ••.• ,, .................. . 

Wholesale and retail trade,,,,,,,, •.• , •• ,, •. 

Service industries., .• ,,, •• , ••••.••.••.•..•. 

Professional.,, .• , .. , .. ,., ........ ,.,,., .• 

Allot~rs .•••.....•..•••.•••••••. ,,,,,,,. 

Public administration .................. ," ... . 

Male 

Wage and salary workers,,., •• ,.,,,,,,, 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries .• , •.... 

Mining and construction.,,.,., .• ,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Manufacturing,,,, .. ,, ••. ,.,., ..•• ,,,.,,,,,,, 

Durable .................. , .•. ., .......... . 

Nondurable •..••...•....•.••••.••••••. , .•. , 

Transportation, communication, and ot~r 

public utilities .......................... . 

Wholesale and retail trade,,,, •• ,, ... , .. , .•. 

Service industries ........................ .. 

Professional. ................... .,,,,,,.,, 

All~~rs,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,.,, .. ,. 

Public: administration .••.•.• ,, ..•..•.••.•... 

Female 

Wage and salary workers .•.•..•..••.•. 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries .• ,, ..•. 

Mining and construction .................... . 

Manufacturing, •... ,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,, •••• , .• 

Durable •.• , .. , ... ,, .•.••.• , •..•.••.••.• ~ .• 

Nondurable, , . , • , , . , , , , , • , , , , , , , , , • , • , , . , , . 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities.,., ...................... . 

Wholesale and retail trade ••.•.•••...•..•.•• 

Service industries .. , .•.•.••...• , . .,,.,,,,., 

Professional,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,. 

All others .•.•••.•• , ••. , .•.••.•• ,,,,,,,,,, 

Public administration,,,,.,,,,,,,.,,,, .. ,,,. 

FAMILY HEADS 

Both Sexes 

Wage and salary workers ••.•..•..•.••.. 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries •.••.•.. 

Mining and construction,., .. ,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,. 

Manufacturing ••..•..••.••.•.•.•..•• ,.,,., ••• 

Durable ..•.•....•..••••.•...••..• ,.,,,,,,, 

Nondurable .. , •. , , , , ••. , , • , •.• , .•• , .•••...• 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities ................... ,, .... ,. 

Whole:;nlle and retail trade ................ .. 

Service industries,,,, •• ,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,, •.. 

Professional. .•...•..• , ......... , ... ,,,.,, 

All others,,.,,., .. , .... ,,,, .. , •...•.•...• 

Public administration ...................... . 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

94,496 

2 ,44D 

6,505 

23,049 

13,407 

9,642 

5 '749 

19,601 

31,765 

17,951 

13 ,814 

5,167 

53,753 

1,605 

6,110 

15,751 

10,096 

5,653 

4,437 

10,293 

11,955. 

5,995 

5,960 

3,403 

40,743 

633 

3" 

1,298 

3,309 

3,989 

1,312 

9,506 

19,811 

11,957 

7,854 

1, 784 

40,044 

4,369 "' 12,602 

8,033 

4,569 

3,638 

6,512 

9,334 

5,094 

4,240 

2,814 

Number of 

5,188 

30< '" 

'" "' "'' 

1 ,242 "' 

t ,950 

1,081 '" 

"' 

2,457 

330 

"' "' '" "' 

33< "' 

558 

23< 

30> 

'" 

2 '731 

m 

" "' "' '" 

1,392 

"' '" 

2,032 

2'4 "' 

"' 

,00 '" 

,0 

"' 604 

'" "' " 

total 

18.9 '·' 

3.6 

3.' 

3.3 

'"' 

4.6 

18.3 

3.' 

3.0 

, ·' 3.0 

2., 

3.' 

4,1. 

<.3 

'"' 3 .o 

20.1 

4.0 

3.2 

'.3 3., 

,.0 

'·' <.0 

'·' '·' 4.0 

3.' 

23.6 

.., 

3.6 

3.2 

<.4 

, .3 

6.4 

6.3 

'"' '·' '-' 

Whl te 1 

Below low-income 

l<lvel 

Total Percent 

83,555 

2 ,089 

5,873 

20,449 

12,010 

8,439 

5,135 

18,085 

27,464 

15,529 

11,935 

4,459 

48,003 

1,586 

5,494 

14,112 

9 ,060 

5,052 

3,981 

9,303 

10,553 

5,229 

5,325 

2,975 

35,551 

303 

6,337 "' 

2,950 

3,387 

1,154 

8,782 

16,911 

10,300 

6,611 

1,485 

35.706 

4,007 "' 11,331 

1,260 

4,071 

3,286 

5,934 

8,031 

4,358 

3,673 

2,451 

Number of 

3,529 

"' '" 

no "' 

'" 

>04 

1,180 '" 

"' '" '"' 

1,738 

'" ,60 

"' '" H3 

1,791 

" 

'" W4 

"' 

u 

'" '" "' .,, 

33 

1,348 

"3 "' 

304 

"' U6 

total 

4., 

15.2 

.., 

, ·' 

, ·' '·' 

3.0 

15.5 

.., 

,.3 

, .3 

, ·' 

3.0 

14.5 

3.' 

'·' '"' .., 

LO 

'"' '·' 3.' 

.., 

, ·' 

3 ·' 20.6 

, .0 

3.4 

4.0 

3.0 3., 

Lo 

Negro' 

Below low-Income 

level 

Total Percent 

9,483 

300 

346 

2,278 

1,253 

1,025 

360 

1,388 

3 ,808 

2,116 

1,693 

"" 

4,933 

33< "' 

1,460 

"' 333 

"' 

1,172 '" 

6" 

33< 

334 

4,551 

"' 

'" "' "' 

w 

2,636 "' 

1,477 

1,159 

"' 

3,810 

'" 

1,127 

6" 

"' 

"' 

1,165 "' 

6<' 

"' "' 

Number of 

1,514 

"' 

'" "' "' 

30 

'" m 

"' '" " 

"' 

'" " 

'" 33 

" 

m " 

"' "' 343 

" 

'" " 

H4 " 

" " 

" " "' m 

"' " 

total 

16.0 

46.5 

14.0 

10,2 

11.9 '"' 

9.0 

17.9 

18.1 

13.8 

24.8 ,.3 

12.8 

44.8 

14.2 

'·' 

10.5 '"' 

16,2 '"' 

13.0 

12.1 

14.0 

'·' 

19.4 

49.3 

12,4 '"' 

10.7 

13.5 

10.2 

20.2 

21.3 

14,6 

29.8 

14,4 

17,1 

46.1 

15.2 

12,8 

'·4 

18.2 

, ·' 19.6 

23.6 

17.2 

32.0 

'·' 
75 

Table 15. Industry of longest Job--Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked as Wage or Salary Workers 

last Year by low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race-Continued 

Industry ol longest job by family status 

FAOIILY Hf:ADS--Conlinued 

\lalc 

\\'al{e and ~a\ary ,.·orkcrs •.• , ••••• , ••••• 

Agriculture, forestry, and ltshcrics ..•••.•.. 

Mining and constructtnn ••. , •••••••••••••• , •• 

Manufacturing,., •••••••• ,,,,,, •• ,., •••••• ,., 

Durable ... , .. , .. ,.,,., ..•.... , ... ,.,,, .•.. 

Nondurable •••••• , ••••••••• , .•••••••••• , •• , 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public u.ti.lities ...•.•.•..•..• ,, •..•..••... 

Wholesale and retail trade •...•.....•.• , ...• 

Service 1ndustries .......•••......•. ,, ...•.• 

Profcs~immt,, ......•..•.......•....•.•... 

All others ..... ,, .••..... , .....••.. 

.Public administration ... ,,., ..•..•.....•.. ,. 

female 

Wage and salary workers .• , •...•.••..•. 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries •.. ,, •.. 

Mining and construction •.•• ,, •.••... , .•.•. ,, 

hlanu fac tur1ng, , ..•.... , , .•..•.. , , ,. , .•. , , , .• 

Durable .•. ,,,, ..... ,, ........ , ....... ,, .•. 

Nondurable ....... , •...•.••. ,,, •.... ,, ..••. 

Transportation, communication, and other 

publ1c utilities ................ ,, ...•... ,. 

Wholesale and retail trade ..... ,. .......... . 

Service industries .....•.•........•....•.••. 

Professional ..•.. ,.,,, ..••. ,., •. ,,.,,,, •.. 

All others ...•..•....•.. ,,, .......•.•.•..• 

Public administration ....•..... ,,,, .. ,, •. 

WIVES 

Wage and salary workers.,, •...•. ,,, •.. 

Agriculture, torestry, and fisheries,,., .... 

~lining and construct>on.,,.,.,,,,, •.. ,,,,.,. 

Manufacturing, •.•. ,,,, ....... ,., .... ,.,,,, •. 

Durable ..•.•. ,,,,, •. , .. ,,,,, .••. ,, •. ,,,,,, 

Nondurable.,,.,, ••. ,,,.,.,,, .•• ,,.,,,,,.,, 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities ......................... .. 

Wholesale and rctatl trade ................ .. 

Service Industries .... ,,.,,, ..... ,,,., .... ,. 

Professional .•..••...•.. ,,,,,,,,,,,, •.•..• 

All others,,.,, .. ,,,,, ................... . 

Public administration •. , .. , ... ,.,,,,,,,,.,,. 

OT!lE!\ FAIIILY ~!EMBERS 

Both Sexes 

\\"age and salary u·orkcrs.,, ,,,,, .••..•. 

Agrtculturc, forestry, and ftshcrics.· ..••.... 

Mining and construction ... , ...•. , .• ,.,,, •. ,, 

~lanufac turing, , , . , , .. , , •. , •. , , . , , , .. , •. , • , , • 

Durable.· .• ,,,,,, .. ,,,.,,.,,.,,,., ... ,.,, •. 

Nondurable.,.,, .. ,,,,.,,.,.,, •. ,,,.,,.,,., 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities ...•..•....... ,,, ......... . 

Wholesale and retail trade ................. . 

Service industries, ....•.•.... ,, ... ,,,, ...•. 

Professl<mat., •.. ,,,.,, .. ,.,,.,,, .. ,,,, •. , 

All others ..... ,,, ....................... . 

Public administration,.,, ....•... ,,,, •. , •... 

Sec !ootnotcs at end of table, 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975} 

Total 

35,!194 , 

4,333 

ll,110 

7 ,611 

4,099 

3,480 

5,659 

7,372 

3,858 

3 ,515 

2 ,617 

4,151 

" " "' "' "' 

'" 

1 ,961 '" 

1 ,236 

'" "' 

22,341 

3" 

4,501 

1 ,997 

2 ,50<\ 

4. "' 743 

10,936 

7,144 

3. 792 

'" 

21,444 

1,216 

1,279 

3 '785 

2,090 

1,695 

"' 6,498 

1, 108 

3' 115 

3,993 

'" 

AU races 

llclow low-t~come 

\"vel 

P~rcent 

Number of 

1 '129 

. 151 

3oe 

,, 

'" "' 

" "' '" 

'" 

3" ' 

"' "3 

"' " 

no 

26 

" 

1' 102 

"' " "' " " 

" '" 3" 

"' '" " 

total 

3.' 

20.9 

2.5 

, ·' 

, ·' 

3.3 

3.3 

, .3 

L< 

3 ·' 

'-' 

21.8 

'"' 

18,6 '"' 

16.1 

20.7 

27 '·' .1. 

22.4 

15.5 

34.1 

'-' 

3 .o 15.8 

0.0 

::i .4 

L3 

3.3 

0.9 

, 

, ·' 

1.9 

3 ·' '.3 

12.9 

, .o 

3 .o 

'-' 

3.4 

Total 

32,672 

030 

3,975 

10,643 

6,917 

3 '727 

3,172 

5,220 

6 '705 

3 ,492 

3 ,212 

2,327 

3,033 

" 33 

"' 3H 

3<> 

'" 

1 ,326 '" 

'" "' m 

20,096 

"0 

4,035 "' 

1,832 

2,203 

"' 4,469 

9,626 

6,382 

3,243 

'" 

18,661 

1,056 

1,114 

3,231 

1,816 

1,414 

'" 5,860 

6' 133 

2,585 

3 ,5481 

"' 

Whl te 1 

Bel<"' low-income 

\<,vel 

I Percent 

'\umber I of 

'" "' 

300 "' 

H3 

" 

"' '" 

"' ' 

<30 

" ' " " " 

"' "' '"' " 

'" " " " " 33 

I total 

2.6 

18.8 

'·' LO 

3.0 

'·' 

3 .o 

'·' 1.9 

L3 

, ·' L< 

16.3 

'"' 

14.0 '"' 

13.6 

14,5 

3.' 

23.7 

::::I 23 .<I 

'·' 

, . ' 10.4 

o.o 

3.3 

'-' 

3.0 

3.3 

'·' 

3 ·' 3.0 

'-' 

3.3 

L9 

3 ·' 3 .o 

3.3 

3.' 

'·' 

Total 

2 '741 

306 " 

'" "' 333 

1 ,069 

30 

, 

'" 

'" 

1,898 

33 

3>0 

1,147 

"' "' 

2,400 

'" 143 

5'3 

300 

3<8 

115 

516 

'" '" 3" 

"' 

Negro 1 

Below low-tncome 

level 

Percent 

:-lumber of 

33 " 

" " " 

"' '"' "' 

" 

, " 

" 

"' " " "' " " 

total 

'.3 

39.5 

15.3 

'.' 10.4 

10.9 

3. 5 

37.1 

'"' 

34.7 '"' 

27.3 

39.8 

45.2 '" 

39.2 

29.0 

52.7 

"' 

'-' 

(6) 

'"' 3 ·' L> 

'-' 

6.< '" 

'-' 

3.3 

13,7 

3.' 

18.7 

44.7 

11.9 

10.1 '·' 

6.3 

13.6 

19.0 

21.3 

21.8 

20.6 

23.5 
76 

Table 15. Industry ol Lone:est Job--Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked as Wage or Salary Workers 

Last Year by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race-Continued 

Industry of longe~t job by family status 

OTHER FAMILY ~!EMBERS--continued 

Male 

Wage and salary workers, ............. . 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries.,.,,, .. 

~lining and construction., ... , .....• ,.,, .•.•. 

Manufacturing,, •••••••••••• ,.,,,, •••••• , •••• 

Durable.,,.,, .•...••.• , .• ,,,, ••.•..•.•• ,., 

Nondurable ••••••• ,.,, •••••••••••••• ,,,, ••• 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities .•..••.•..•.••.•...•.••.•.. 

Wholesale and retail trade ..••. , .• ,, •..•.•.. 

Service industries .. ,, ...•.....• , •.. ,,, •..•. 

Professional. .....•..• ,,., •..•..•..• ,,,,,, 

All others ............. ,,,,,,, ..•..•..• ,., 

Public administration •..•..•. ,,,,,, ...•..•.• 

Female 

Wage and salary workers ..•.••.. ,,, •.•. 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries,,,,,,,, 

Mining and construction,,,, ................ , 

Manufacturing •.••.••. ,,, ••.••••. ,.,.,, ••.•.• 

Durable •.•.•• ,,,, ••..•.• , •• • • • .••.•• ••• ·• • 

Nondurable •.••..•.•• ,,, .••. , .•• , •• , •..•.•. 

Transportation, cownunication, and other 

public utilities, •• , •••••.•••.••••••.•..•.• 

Wholesale and retail trade, •.•••.•..•.•• ,,,, 

Service industries, •••.•.••.••••••••.•.••.•. 

Professional ....• ,,, .••.•... ,,,,,, .••.•... 

All others .•..•.••. , •. ,, .•.••.•••• ,,, .•.•. 

Public administration .• ,.,, •.••.••..... ,.·.,, 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Both Sexes 

Wage and salary workers .• ,,,, •• , ••.••. 

Agriculture, forestry, anct fisheries ...•. ,., 

Mining and construction.,,,, ........... ,.,,, 

Manufacturing. •••,,,,, ..••••.•• , , , •• , ••.•..• 

Durable,., ...••.• ,, •• , •• , ••••.• , .•• ,., •• ,. 

Nondurable .••.• ,,., .•.••.•• ,., .• ,, ..••.••. 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities, ......... ,.,, .. ,,., ...... , 

Wholesale and retail trade .•••..•• , •• ,., ••.• 

Service industries .•..• , ••.••••.••..• , •• , ••• 

Professional. ........ ,, ............... , .• , 

All others ..• ,, .......................... . 

Public administration.,, •.••.•..• , .• , •• , ••.• 

Male 

Wage and salary workers., •..•..•. ,.,., 

Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, ••••..• 

Mining and construction ..• , •.•..•.•• : .•• ,.,. 

Manufacturing •.• , , •. , •••••.. , •• , •• , , • , .•.••• 

Durable .. , ........ ,,,,,., ........... ,.,, •. 

Nondurable .. ,,.,, .•.••.••.• ,.,,,., ..•••..• 

Transportation, communication, and other 

public utilities ......................... ,. 

Wholesale and retail trade .•••• , •• , ••.••.••. 

Service industries .• , ... ,., .......... ,, .. , •. 

Professional.,.,, ........ ,,, .. ,, ........ .. 

All others.,., ............. ,, ........... .. 

Public administration.,,., .•.•..•..• , .• ,, ..• 

See footnotes at end of table, 

(Numbers in thOusands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

12 ,362 

'" 1,215 

2,650 

I ,581 

1,068 

3,631 '" 

2,978 

1,253 

1, 725 

"' 

9,082 

320 

1,135 " 

,09 

"' 

2,866 '" 

4,130 

1,862 

2,268 

"' 

10,666 ,. 

2,161 

1,287 

'" "8 2,048 

4,388 

2,599 

1 '790 

832 

5,497 

'" 

1,391 '" 

90, 

'" 

1,003 '" 

1,604 

'" no 

"' 

All races 

D<1luw low-income 

[,'lei 

Percent 

Number of 

83< 

•o• 

83 

" 

32 " 

" '" '" " " " 

1,472 

" 

"' 98 

88 

398 " 

"' "' "9 

32 

total 

;, ' 12.2 

'·' 3,0 

, 

3.0 

3,9 

,,8 

'·' 8.3 

4.5 

9,0 

15.0 '·' 

'"' '·' , .3 

, 

'·' '·' '·' 

0 ·' ,,9 

"' 

13.8 

38.0 

13.7 

, 

, '·' 

; .8 

19.3 

15,4 

11,1 

21.7 

'·' 

12,6 

37.5 

13.9 

,. 

8,8 

, 

17.0 "' 

14,6 

14.1 

15.4 

"' 

Total 

10,754 

808 

1 ,054 

2,297 

1 ,381 

9>8 

3,243 "' 

2,526 

1,027 

1,499 

3<8 

7,908 ,,. 

" "' '" <96 

2,616 '" 3,607 

I ,558 

2,049 ,,. 

9,092 

'" 

1,851 

1' 101 

,,. 

;Q9 

1,822 

3,674 

2,203 

1,470 

;36 

4,578 ,,. 

1' "' 172 

<09 "' 

"' "9 

1,322 

no 

"' "' 

Whl te 1 

Beluw low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

288 

" , 

" 8 

,. 

'" 

68 " 

1' 141 

" 

12, 

129 " 

"' " " " 

total 

, .0 

3.0 

2,8 

3.3 

'·' 6. < 

3 ·' I0.3 

(6) 

, ,8 

,, 

',0 

12.5 

34.8 

14,0 

8.' 

8,, 

'-' 

5 ,; 

18.4 

13.4 

9.' 

18.8 

,,9 

11,8 

36.0 

14,2 

8.3 

',3 

8.2 

8,, 

15.4 

13,7 

11.8 

15.8 

,,6 

Total 

1,406 

" '" '" '" '" 

332 " 

39< 

'" '" 62 

99< 

53 

' 

'" 

1,375 

90 " 

85 

828 "' 

336 

"' " 

"8 

" 90 

'" '" " 

Negro' 

Below low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

12 

" 80 

36 " 

" 

'" " 

" 6 

5 

>04 

"' , 

12 

" " 9 

' .162 " 

>08 

total 

18.9 

(6) 

12,4 

11.8 

11.0 

12.8 

16.4 

20.5 

20.5 

21.1 

19.8 

(6) 

18,5 

(6) 

(8) 

5,6 

(6) 

"' 

(6) 

16.3 

21.9 

22.3 

21.8 

"' 

20.1 

(6) 

13.4 

9,' 

9.9 

, 

8.0 

23.5 

25.8 

16.7 

36.3 

'·' 

14,1 

13,4 "' 

, 

'-' 

(8) 

(6) 

23 .o 14.6 

17,3 

10.5 

(6) 
~·-. .. -·. 

77 

Table 15. Industry of Longest Job··Persons 14 Years Old and Over Who Worked as Wage or Salary Workers 

Last Year by Low-Income Status in 1974, Family Status, Sex, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers '" thousands. Persons 

"' race:<~ 

Below low-Incum" 

Industry of longest job by family status level 

Total Percent 

Number ol 

total 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUAl-':> --cont ifiued 

Female 

'"'"' ""' salary workers,,,,, .•..•••.•• 5,169 m 15.1 

Agriculture, forestry, ""' fisheries •..•.. ,, 

Mining " " '" "" construction,, ............... ,,,. " 8 ,,, Manufacturing,,,,,,, •. , .•••.•.••.••. ,,,,, ••. m " '·' Durable .• ,,,,,,, .......••.•.•.• ,,,,,,, .•.. "' " '·' Nondurable., .••.••...••• ,,,,,,.,,, ••.•••. , "' " '-' 

Transportation, comnmnicat ion, ""' other 

public utilities,,,, .. , •.••.•.••.••••.•..•• "' ' <.O 

Wholesale ""' retail trade .. ,,,, ........... ,, 1,045 "' 21.6 

Service industries,,,,,,,, •.•....•••.•• ,,,, .. 2 '784 "' 15.9 

Professional,, , , . , •• , , , ••••••••• , , , , • , , • , , , 1 '715 184 8.8 

"' others,,., ••• , •• ,,,,,,,,,,, •• ,, •• ,.,, .• 1,070 '" 26.1 

Public administration .. , ... ,.,., ... ,,,,,,.,,. "' " '.8 

"' o( March 1975) 

White 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

Number ol 

total 

4,514 "' 13.3 

" 10 "' " "' 880 " '·' "' " , '" " '.0 

'" ' 3.' 

'" 208 20.9 

2,352 310 13.2 

1,494 130 8.' 

'" 180 21.0 238 10 '"' 

Total 

"' 

" " " 

" 

40' " 

201 

208 

" 

:o>e~~:ro 1 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

;<;umber of 

total 

'" 28.1 

' ,,, w '"' 8 "' '" '"' 

"' " '" 130 31.9 

" 16,4 

" 47,1 

(B) 

-Represents zero, B Base less than 75,000. 

1The data on persons by race in tables 6, 10-15, 45 and 46 differ from those in other tables of this report where persons are 

classified by race of the family head. 
78 

Table 16. Women by Marital Status--Women 15 Years Old and Over by low-Income Status 

in 1974, Age, and Race 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as o! March 1975) 

Mar1tal status and age 

ALL AGES 

Total •...... ,, ....•.•...•..•.• ,, •..... 

Married ...•..•.... , ...•.....•.... , •. ,., ....• 

Husband present,,, .....••. , ....... ,, ...•.. 

Husband absent ••••••••••••••••••••••.•••• , 

Widowed ••••••••.•. 

Divorced,,., ....•.... , .. ,., ....•............ 

Separated,, .........•..... , .. , ............. . 

Never married •••.••••••••••••••.• , •••••••••• 

W<J.t.EN 15 TO 19 YEARS 

Total ••. , •••••••••••••• ,,,, ••••••••• ,. 

Married ••••••••• •••. • •••••• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Husband present, •••••••••••••• ,., ••••••••• 

Husband absent,,., ••••••••••.•• ,,,, ••••••• 

Widowed ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ;. 

Divorced,, ••••••••••••• ,,, ••••••••••••••• ,,, 

Separated,,., .••••••••••••••• ,, ••••••••••••• 

Never married •• , ••••••••••••••••• ,,, •••••••• 

WOMEN 20 TO 29 YEARS 

Total ••••• , •• ,, •••••••••••• ,., •• , ••••• 

Married ••• , •••••••• ,,, •••••.••••••. , •• , ••••• 

H,usband present, •• , •••••••••••• , •••• , ••••• 

Husband absent •••••• ,, •••••••• , •••.••.•• ,. 

Widowed ••••• ,., •••••.••• , •••••••••••••• ,, .•• 

Divorced,, .. ,.,., ••• , •• ,,,,,, ••••••• ,,, ••. , • 

Separated •••• , •••••••••••••••••• ,., •••••••• , 

Never married •••••••• , •.••••.•••••••••••••• , 

. 

WCIII.EN 30 TO 44 YEARS 

Total. ............ ,, •• , •••••••••••• ,., 

Marr1ed .................... • · • • • • • • • • • • .. • • • 

Husband present, ••.•••••• , •• ,,.,,.,., ••••• 

Husband absent ••••••••••••• ,, ••••••••••••• 

Widowed ............................ ,.,,., ... 

Divorced,.,.,, ••••••••••• ,,,, •••••••••••••• , 

Separated •••• ,,,., •••••••• ,., ••• ,, •••••••••• 

Never lllllrried ••••••• ,.,., ••••••••••• ,,,. 

WOMEN 45 TO 54· YEARS 

Total ••••• ,,,,, •••••••••••• ,.,,, •••••• 

Married •••••••• , •••••••••••••• ,,, .......... , 

Husband present ••••••••••••• ,,,,., ••••••• , 

Husband absent, •••••••••••• , •• ,,, ••••••••• 

Widowed ................ ,, .............. , ... . 

Divorced ................. ,, ............. , • • • 

Separated,,,,,., ••••••••••• ,.,, ••••••••••• ,, 

Never married,,.,,, ••••••••••••••••• , ••••••• 

WCIII.EN 55 TO 64 YEARS 

Total •••• ,,,., ••••••••••• ,,,, •••••••• , 

Married ••••••• ,.,,, •••••••••••• ,,.,,, ••••••• 

Husband present,,.,, •••••••• , ••••. ,, •••••• 

Husband absent ••• , •••••• ,, •• , ••••••• , •• , •• 

Widowed ••••••••••• , •••••• ,. • ••••••••••••• • •• 

Divorced ••• ,., ••. ,.,,.,., ••••••••••••••••••• 

Separated, .............. ,,., •••••••••••• , • • • 

Never married., •• , ••••••••••• ,, .. ,,, ....... , 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

81,472 

48,140 

47,538 

60' 

10,104 

3,984 

2,328 

16' 916 

10,205 

l ,030 

972 

" 

31 ' 

61 

9,078 

17,751 

11,164 

10,968 

'" 

666 " 

n3 

4,942 

18,586 

14,1:199 

14,744 

>05 

1,372 

1,090 "' 

12,220 

9,390 

9,311:1 

1,045 " 

'" "' 563 

10,305 

6,935 

6,873 

2,087 " 

5" 

'"' 529 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

9,682 

2,881 

2,651 

no 

2,408 

1,033 "' 2,445 

1,410 

>05 

"' " 

" 1,215 " 

1, 993 

6n 

5U 

" 

20.3 " 

"5 

'" 

1,826 

m "' 

'06 " 

"' '"' '"' 

1,030 

<55 

"' 

1,148 

,9 "" 

" "' " " " 

total 

11.9 

6,0 

5.6 

38.2 

23.8 

23 .o 44,4 

14,5 

13.8 

15.0 

14,6 

(s) 

(8) 

(B) 

I B) 

13.4 

11.2 

5.6 

4,9 

41.8 

(B) 

29,2 

49.8 

15,0 

9,6 

5,5 

5 ·' 42.6 

28.1 

25,4 

46,8 

14.7 

6.< 

<.6 

"' (6) 

22.1 

16.1 

32,8 

14,9 

11,1 

6,> 

"' (B) 

22,7 

16.1 

36.2 

17,4 

Total 

71,502 

43,930 

43,472 

8,811 "' 

3,344 

1,341 

14,075 

8,642 

902 

"' 50 

" 7,658 " 

15,292 

10,080 

9,947 

"' " "' '" 3, 955 

16,105 

13,447 

13,327 

"" 1,098 

"' 8<2 

10,851 

8,631 

8,579 

52 

"' "' '"' '" 

9,299 

6,433 

6,383 

50 

1,804 

<81 

1H 

"' 

White 

Below low-Jncome 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

6, 770 

2,294 

2,133 

1,852 "' 

666 

1,434 "' 

862 

"' m 

a 

. 705 " 

1,323 

'" '" " " '" '" "' 

1,212 

6>1 

500 

" 58 

"' '" " 

666 

,.., 

"' " '" ,, 

" " 

860 ,..8 

,, 

'" " " " 

total 

6.5 

5 ·' 

35.2 '·' 

21.0 

20.0 

38,9 

10,2 

10,0 

13.7 

13.5 

rB) 

(B) 

iB) 

(8) 

'·' 

.., 

< .B 

33.8 '·' 

(8) 

27,1 

46.2 

10,4 

, 

.., "' 

45,8 

21.8 

22.3 

42,3 

8,0 

6 ·' 

<.o 

'·' (B) 

16,2 

12,0 

22.9 

11.5 

'·' 

5 ·' 

5 ·' (B) 

19.1 

13,5 

31,5 

14.3 

Total 

8' 767 

3,450 

3,323 

"' 1,202 

"' 

2,560 '" 

1,419 

"' ao 

, 1 ,2!l8 

2,113 

B6 "' 

" " '" 

886 '" 

2,122 

1' 159 

1,126 , 

U6 

"8 

'" "' 

1,201 

"0 

60> 

" '" "' "' , 

6>8 

"' "' w 

,,. 

Negro 

Uclow low-income 

lt!vel 

P<:'rcent 

Number of 

2, 761 

"' <56 

60 

"" 237 

"' "" 

5'5 

" " 

>50 " 

,., 

'"' 

"' "" 9 

50 

" '" 

'" 

" " 

" " " " 

,,. 

60 

" 6 

total 

31.5 

15.0 

13.7 

47,2 

44.9 

40.0 

51.8 

37.9 

37.0 

23.7 

21.8 

(B) 

(B) 

(8) 

(B) 

38.2 

29.6 

13.6 

10.7 

(B) 

{B) 

47,9 

57.3 

34 ,9 

27.4 

12,9 

12.'1 

(B) 

43,1 

38.7 

51.7 

41.0 

28,4 

15.5 

15 .o 

(B) 

46.7 

36.9 

43.0 

(B) 

29,4 

13.7 

12 .6 

(8) 

45,6 

(B) 

41.7 

(B) 
79 

Table 16. Women by Marital Status--Women 15 Years Old and Over by Low-Income Status 

' in 1974, Age, and Race-Continued 

•,Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Mar1tal status and uge 

Total 

\1/CMEN " YEARS AND om 

Total •. , ..•.... , •....... • • · •..• • · • • · · · 12,405 

Married •••• , ••••••• ,, ••••• ,, ••••••• ,, ••••• ,, 4 '724 

Husband present ••...... , .. ,,, ... , .. , .....• 4,664 

Husband absent,, ....... ,, .•............. •· 

Widowed ••••••.•••••••••••••••• , ••••••••••••• 6,517 '" Divorced, ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Separated ..•... , ...........•..• ,, ..... , .••.. '" "' Never marrled .... ,.,, ..... '" - Represents zero. fl nnse less thnn 75,000. 

All races 

Relow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number af 

toto I 

2,275 18,3 

<>O '.' "' '·' " (H) 

1,574 24.2 

" 23.8 

" 45.7 

"' 21.8 

Total 

11,313 

4,438 

4,385 

5,855 " 

"0 

" '" 

Wh1 te 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

~lumber of 

total 

1,844 16.3 

'" "' "' "' " (B) 

1,297 22.2 

" 20.4 

" 28.2 

"' 19.1 

Total 

'" "' 255 

' "' '" " " 

Bclnw low-income 

lavel 

Percent 

~umber ot 

total 

m 41.9 

6:'1 24.11 

" 23.9 

,9) 

"' 45.2 

" (D) 

" (9) 30 (B) 
80 

Table 17. Region ·-Families and Unrelated Individuals by low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers jn thousands. Fnmil>es and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Region and sex of head 

ALL FAMILIES 

Total .. ,,,, •..• ,,.,, .•.•• ,,, •.•• ,,, ... 

Northeast •.• ,,,.,, •••.• ,,,, •... ,,,, ..... ,, .. 

North Central.,,,,, .•••. ,,, •••.•. , .•• ,,, ... . 

-~ ...................................... . -········································· 

FAMILIES WITH MALE HFAD 

Total,.,,., ..•• ,,,,, •. ,,,,,, •.•. ,'., ... 

Northeast, ••••••••• ,,,, ••••••• , ••• , ••• ,,,, •• 

North Central..,,,,,, •..• ,, •••. ,,,,,,,,, •.. , 

••m ..................................... . West,,, .. ,,,,,,, •• ,, .. ,., .. , .. , ... , .. , .... ,, 

FAMILIES WITH FEMALE HF.AD 

Total.,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,, •• ,,,,,., ••• , ••• 

Northeast.,,,,,,,,,, •• ,,,,, •••• ,,,,,,,,.,.,. 

North Central,,,,,,, .. ,,,,,.,., • .,,, ... , .. ,, 

South,.,,,,, ••• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, •• ,.,,,,,, •• , 

-········································· 

ALL UNRElATED INDIVIDUAIB 

Total, .............. , •• ,,., .. , ••• , •• ,. 

Northeast,,,,,,,,, •• ,,,,,,,,,,,.,,, •••• ,,,,, 

North Central,,,,, ... ,.,.,,,, .. .,,,,,.,,, •• , 

South, ... ,,,., ....... ,,,.,, ... ,, .. ,,, .... ,,, 

West.,,, ••••••••• ,,, •• , ••• , •••••••••••••• •• • 

MALE UNRElATED lNDlVIDUAl.'l 

Total., .• ,,.,.,,,,,., •• ,,,,.,,, •• ,,,,, 

Northeast,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,,, •• ,. 

North Central, ....................... .,,,,,, 

South ...................................... . 

West ....................................... . 

FEMALE UNRElATED INllH'IDUAIS 

Total •• ,.,,,,,.,.,,,, ••• ,,,,.,,,, •••• , 

Northeast,.,, ..... , .... .,,, ... ,,,.,.,,, .. ,,. 

North Central, .. ,.,,, .. ,,,, .. ,, .. ,, .... ,,.,, 

South ••••• .,,,, ..... , .. , .. , ... ,.,, .. , .. ,,,., 

West,,.,,.,.,,,.,, ... , •• ,,, ....... , ........ . 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

ss, 712 

12,588 

15,019 

18,099 

10,006 

48,470 

10,799 

13,265 

15,660 

8' 746 

7,242 

1, 788 

1 '754 

2,439 

1,260 

1fl,872 

4,489 

4 '783 

5,444 

4 '155 

7,890 

1,685 

1' 976 

2,276 

1,953 

to, 981 

2 ,80<1 

2,807 

3,168 

2,203 

Number of 

5,109 

9" 

1,020 

2,319 

'" 

2, 757 

"' 

1,369 "' 

"' 

2,351 

491 "" 

950 

'" 

4,820 

1,061 

1,121 

1,749 

'" 

1,607 

"' "' '" "' 

3,212 

"" 

1,213 '" 

"' 

total 

'· 2 

'-' 6.' 

12,8 

'·' 

'·' 

'·' '·' '·' 

'· 2 

32,5 

29,3 

27.7 

38,9 

31,0 

25,5 

23,6 

23,4 

32,1 

21,4 

20,4 

19,6 

18,6 

23,6 

19,1 

29,3 

26.1 

26,9 

38,3 

23,4 

Whito 

Below low-income 

level 

Tot a 1 Percent 

49,451 

11,447 

13,827 

15,147 

9,029 

44,238 

10,107 

12,491 

13,675 

7,966 

5,212 

1,340 

1,337 

1,472 

1,063 

16,252 

3, 935 

4,263 

4,281 

3, 773 

6,544 

1,422 

t, 700 

1,681 

1, 741 

9, 708 

2,513 

2,562 

2,600 

2,032 

)lumber of 

3,482 

6" 

1,376 '" 

699 

2,185 

22' 

'" 996 

"' 

1,297 

"' "' 290 

209 

3, 773 

'" 902 

1,206 

"' 

1,200 

'" "" "' "' 

2,573 

6" 

626 

'" '" 

total 

'·' 

. ·''·' 9.' '.' 

'. 9 

2.2 

'-' 

'-' 

'. 9 

24.9 

25,0 

20,4 

25.8 

29, 1 

23,2 

22,0 

21,2 

28,2 

21.2 

18,3 

17,4 

16,3 

20,1 

19,4 

26,5 

2 .... 

"·' 33,4 

22,7 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

5,498 

l ,021 

1' 135 

2,829 

"' 

3,558 

'" 

1,874 "' 

"' 

1' 940 

"' "' 9» 

><6 

2,347 

"' 

1,108 '" 

262 

1' 171 

,,.. 

'" ... , 

><9 

1' 176 

262 

'" '" U2 

Number of 

1,530 

'" "' '" wo 

"' 

1,024 

"2 

2H 

'" .. 

96< 

"' "" "' " 

20> 

" 

m " 

22 

6U 

W9 

2H "' 

" 

total 

27.8 

23, l 

23,9 

32.6 

19,5 

14,2 

'· 9 8.2 

19, 1 

'·' 

52,8 

42,5 

51,7 

59,2 

44. 1 

41,0 

37.4 

41,6 

46,8 

21.8 

29,9 

32,3 

31,3 

32,4 

15,3 

51,9 

41,7 

52,3 

60,9 

30,4 
~~-- -------------------------------------. 

81 

Table 18. Detailed Mobility Status Between March 1970 and March 1975--Family Heads 

by Low-Income Status in 1974, Sex, and Race (Numbers in thousands. Familv heads as of March 1975) 

Mobil1ty status of head between 

March 1970 and ldarch 1975 

,\LL FAMILIES 

United States 

Total .. 

Inside S~\SA's •• , •• 

Outside SMSA's •••••.•••. 

Same hou~c (nonmovers) .. 

Inside SMSA's .•••••••••.•••••••• , 

Outside SMSA's •.•••..••••••••.••••••.••••• 

Different hou~e (movers) ......... . 

Within same SMSA. 

Between SMSA's •.••••••.•••••••••.•. 

From outside SMSA's to SMSA's ••••••• · •••••• 

From SMSA's to outside SMSI\'s •••.••. 

OUtside S~!SA's at both date~ ............. . 

Movers from abroad ••••••••••••••••.••••••• 

Mobility status not reported •••••••. 

North and 'li'est 

Total •. 

Inside SMSA's ........................... ,,,. 

OUtside SMSA's ••••••••. ,, •. , ,,, ............ . 

Same house (nonmovers) ...... , ••••••••••••••• 

Inside SMSA's ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

OUtside SMSA's ........................... . 

Different house (movers) ••••.••• , .•••••••••• 

Within same SMSA •••••••••••••••• , ••••••••• 

Between SMSA' s •• , ••••••••••••••••••••••••. 

From outside SMSA's to SMSA's ............ . 

From SMSA's to outside SMSA's ........... .. 

Outside SMSA's at both dates ••.••••••.•••• 

Movers from abroad •••••••••••• 

Mobility status not reported •••••••••••••••• 

South 

Total .••.•••••••••. 

lnaide SMSA's .••••••••••.•••••.••••••••••••• 

Outside SMSA's ••••••••••. ,, ••.•••••••••••••• 

Same house (nonmoversl ••••••• , •••••••••••••• 

Inside SMSA's ............................ . 

Outside SMSA's •••••••••• , .•••••••••••••••• 

Different house (movers) ••••••••••••• ,,, •••• 

w'tthin<same SMSA ................... ,, , •••• 

Iletween SMSA's ••••••.••••••••••••••••••••. 

From outside SMSA' s to SMSA' s .•••••••••••• 

From SMSA's to outside SMSA'~ ........... .. 

Outside SMSA's at both dates •••••••••••••• 

Movers from abroad •• , ••••.••••••••••• , •••• 

Mobility status not reported ••••.•• , • 

FAMILIES-WITH MALE HEAD 

Total. ........................ • 

Inside SMSA's ••••••••••••. ,, ••..•••••••••••. 

OUtside SMSA's ••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••• 

Same house (nonmoversl •••••••••••••••••••••• 

Inside SMSA's •••••••.•••••••.•• ,., •. 

OUtside SMSA's ••••.•••••••••••.••••••••••• 

Different house (moVers) •••••••• • • ••, ••••••• 

Within sam" SMSA •• , •• ,,, •.••••••• , •• , ••••• 

Between SMSA's ..•••••••••••• ,,,, ••••••••. 

From outside SMSA's to SMSA's ........... .. 

From SMSA's to outside SMSA's ........... .. 

Outside SMSA's at both dates •••••••••••••• 

Movers from abroad •••.. ,, ••••••••• ,,., •••. 

Mobility status not reported ••••.•••. 

See footnote at end of table. 

Total 

55.712 

37 '741 

17,971 

28 '155 

18 '714 

9,441 

24 '773 

10 '787 

3 ,612 

1 ,528 

2 ,024 

5,582 

1 ,240 

2 '784 

37,613 

27,547 

10,064 

19,584 

14 ,163 

5,421 

15,881 

7 '727 

2 ,403 

"' 1 ,121 

2 ,942 

"8 

2 ,148 

18,099 

10,193 

7,907 

8,sn 

4 ,550 

4 ,021 

8,892 

3 ,061 

1 ,210 

"' 903 

2,640 

405 8" 

48,470 

32 ,372 

16,097 

24 '762 

16,260 

8,502 

21 ,313 

8 '787 

3 ,270 

1 ,346 

1 ,851 

4 ,902 

1 ,158 

2,395 

All races 

Below l<»N-1!1Come 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5 ,109 

3 ,073 

2 ,036 

2 ,022 

1 .111'1 

904 

2 ,806 

1 ,277 

"4 

'" "' "' "4 

'" 

2 '790 

2 ,014 

"' 1 ,024 

, 

30' 

1 ,582 

"' '" 

n3 " 

303 

90 

'"' 

2 ,319 

1 ,058 

1,261 

998 

"8 

603 

1 ,224 

<48 

" 

no " 

"' 33 

96 

2 '757 

1 ,362 

1,395 

1 ,263 

"3 

890 

1 ,335 

4<0 

no 

63 

"' 50' 

91 

'" 

total 

'·' 8.' 

11.3 

"' 6.0 

9.8 

11.3 

11.8 

,,0 

u 

11.0 

14.2 

10.0 

10.1 

,,4 

"' "' '·' '·' 3.8 

10.0 

10.7 

8.9 

10.1 '·' 

10.3 

10.8 

"' 

12.8 

10.4 

15.9 

11.6 

15.0 

13.8 

14.6 

"' 8.0 

12,2 

18.6 8., 

15.1 

'·' "' 8., 

3.3 "' 

"' 8.3 

5.' 

3.4 

.., 

8. 8 

10.2 

Total 

49,451 

32 ,850 

16,600 

25,289 

16,549 

8, 740 

21 ,674 

8,942 

3 ,320 

1 ,366 

1 ,926 

5,064 

1 ,055 

2 ,488 

34 ,303 

24,427 

9,877 

18,133 

12 '786 

5,347 

14 ,236 

6,580 

2,213 

1 ,094 "' 

2 ,868 

8" 

1 ,934 

15,147 

8,423 

6 '724 

7,156 

3 '763 

3 ,393 

7,438 

2 ,361 

1 ,107 

584 

8" 2 ,197 

358 

554 

44 ,238 

29,117 

15,122 

22.734 

14 '741 

7,993 

19,298 

7 '711 

3 ,049 

1 ,234 

1 '780 

4 ,536 

988 

2 ,206 

White 

!lelow \ow-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,482 

1 ,942 

1 ,5111 

1 ,346 

"' 888 

1 ,932 

"8 

199 

99 

199 

585 

"' '" 

2 ,106 

1 ,364 

"' 

m "' 

"' 1 ,193 

538 

'" 

'" 299 

1 ,376 

"' "9 

203 ""' 

"' "' "' " " 92 

'" 29 

" 

2 ,185 

1 ,044 

1 ,141 

984 

440 5" 1 ,051 

"' 88 

53 

393 "' 

HO 

total 

'.0 

5.9 

9 ~ 3 

5.3 

"' "' 

A~9 

'·' 5.0 

"' 10.3 

11.6 

"' 8., 

"' 5.8 

7.5 

8.3 

"' SA 

8.4 

.., 

5.' 

,,9 

9.8 

10.1 

10.5 

7.6 

9.' 

8.9 

11.9 

8.' 

5.4 

11' 1 

9.9 

8.9 

8.8 

8.3 

11.1 

13.5 8., 

10.3 

4.9 

3.8 

"' 

4.4 

3.0 

8.9 

5.4 

4.3 

"' 4.3 8.' 8.' 

,,4 

8.3 

Total 

5 ,498 

4 ,241 

1 ,258 

2 ,561 

1 ,899 

88' 

2 ,679 

1 ,668 

"' '" 

493 

" '" 

2 ,669 

2 ,545 

"' 1 ,178 

1 ,128 

" 1 ,315 

'" 

50 

45 " 

54 

"' 

2 ,829 

1,696 

1 ,135 

1 ,383 

8>3 "' 

1 ,365 

888 

" 85 

" 

3 ,55B 

2 ,675 

8" 

1 '76-l 

1 ,283 

4" 

1 ,639 

"' '" 95 

58 

'" 

Negro 

Below tow-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1 ,530 

1 ,059 

"' 5" 

409 

"' 8>8 

"' " 35 

20 

'" 

"' 584 

" 

"' "' " 

345 

"' " " 

"' "' "' 412 

'" '" "' "' " " 

>85 " 

39 

508 

298 

"' "9 

us 

"' 

"' 108 

w " 

95 ' 

3 

" 

total 

27.8 

25.0 

37.4 

25.1 

21.6 

35.2 

30.5 

30.9 

19.6 

24.5 

25.6 

41.5 

5.3 

27.6 

22.7 

22.9 

18.7 

19.4 

19.2 

(0) 

26.2 

28.4 

21.5 

(0) 

(S) 

(0) 

18.1 '"' 

32.6 

28.1 

39.4 

29.8 

25.0 

35.9 

34.5 

34.3 

15.5 . 

20.0 

(S) 

44.0 

(8) 

48.8 

14,2 

10.0 

27.0 

14.1 

9.0 

28.1 

14.5 

11.5 

10.0 

10.8 

(8) 

29.5 

(S) 

11.7 
82 

Table 18. Detailed Mobility Status Between March 1970 and March 1975--Family Heads 

by Low-Income Status in 1974, Sex, and Rac~ontinued Plumbers in thousands. Frunily heads as of March 1975) 

Mobility status of head between 

March 1970 and March 1975 

FA.IliLIES WITH >'EMAU >mAD 

Total ............. 

Inside SMSA's. ··········· OUtside SMSA's •••• ,, ••••• , •••••••••••••••••• 

Same house {nonmovers) ••• ,.,, ••.•••• , •• , •••• 

Inside SMSA's •••.••••• ,, •••.•••••••.•••••. 

Outside SMSA's •••••••••••••••••.•••••••••• 

Different house (movers) ••• , •••••••••••••• 

Within same SMSA •.••• ,,., •••••••••••• , •••. 

Between SMSA's •••.••••••••••••.••••••••••• 

From outside SMSA' s '" SMSA's •.•••• , 

From SMSA' s <o outside SMSA's ••••••.•••••• 

Outside SMSA' s "' both dates •••••••••.••• Movers ''= abroad .••.•••••.••••••••.••.•• 

Mobility status ""' reported •••••••••••••••• 

' Base less than 75,000. 

All races 

llelow low-income 

le\'cl 

Total Percent 

Number o! 

total 

7,242 2 ,351 •32 .5 

5,368 1 '710 31.9 

1 ,874 '" 34.2 

3 ,393 "' 22.4 

2 ,453 '" 22.2 

"' '" 22.8 

3 ,460 1 ,471 42.5 

2,000 '" 41.6 

3<2 '" 42.1 

"' n 39.2 

"' " 55.7 

""' "' 43.3 

" 33 40.0 

"' 121 31.0 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

Number of 

total 

5 ,212 1 ,297 24.9 

3 '733 "' 24.1 

1 ,480 <OD 27 .o 

2 ,555 3" 13. R 

1 ,8{)8 '" 13.3 

'" U2 15.0 

2 ,376 "' 37.1 

1 ,230 <20 34.1 

"' '" 42.0 

"' " 34.8 

"' " 54.3 

'" "3 36.5 

" " '"' "' " 22.7 

Negro 

Below low-tncome 

level 

Total Percent 

Number of 

total 

1 ,940 1 ,024 52.8 

1 ,566 "' 50.6 

3" "' 61.-'1 

"' 393 49.2 

"' '" 48.0 

'" " 53.3 

1 ,040 '" 55.6 

"' 409 54.8 

n 30 (fi) 

" 25 '" " H '" '" " 61'1.8 

10 2 ,,, "' " 51.6 
83 

Table 19. Living Arrangements--Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Age 

1,1ving arrangement and age 

<>f unrelated individuals 

BOT!~. SEXES 

14 Years and Over 

Total. ... 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelatives. 

In households. 

In group quarters. 

14 to 21 Years 

Total. 

Living alone .. 

Living with nonrela ti ves. 

In households. 

In group quarters ... 

22 to 34 Years 

Total .. 

Living alone .. 

Living with nonrelati ves. 

In households ..... 

In group quarters. 

35 to 54 Yeara 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelatives ... 

In households .. 

In group quarters ... 

55 to 64 Years 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelattvea. 

In households .. 

1 n group quarter~>. 

.... ,·. 

65 Years and Over 

Total. ......... . 

Living alone ..... . 

Living with nonrelatives 

In households .. 

In group quarters. 

MALE 

14 Years and Over 

Total. 

Living alone. 

J,i vtng with nonrela tl ves. 

In households. 

In group quarters. 

14 to 21 ~ears 

Total. .......... . 

Living alone. 

Living with nom·elatives. 

In households. 

In group quarters. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Unrelated indiVlduals as of March 1975) 

Total 

18,872 

13' 939 

4,933 

4,468 

"' 

1' 423 

1,001 "' 

'" 117. 

4,617 

2,526 

2,091 

1,990 

10> 

3,361 

2' 461 

"'" "' 103 

2, 970 

2,522 

"' '" " 

6,502 

6,007 

'" "' " 

7' 890 

4 '918 

2, 972 

2' 722 

'" 

'30 

'00 

"' '" " 

All races 

Belt>W low-lncom<> 

l<>vcl 

Percent 

Number uf 

4,820 

3' 286 

1,534 

1,337 

'" 

696 

'" "' "' " 

'" 

'" "' "' " 

m 

"' "' "' " 

2,065 

1' 854 

"' '" " 

1,607 

640 

"' "' " 

'" 53 

"' "' " 

total 

25.5 

,, 

31. 1 

29.9 

42.4 

43.6 

27.7 

50.3 

47.4 

71.8 

1S. 1 

11.3 

19.7 

18. 7 

38.6 

19.8 

18.3 

" 24.6 ' 21.1 

26.0 

23.0 

42. 7 

43. 9 

38.0 

31.8 

30.9 

42.7 

43.6 

'" 

20.4 

17. 1 

25.8 

25.2 

32.8 

36. 7 

26.5 

40.6 

39.6 

(9) 

16. 252 

12 '221 

4,031 

3,662 

'" 

1' 274 

900 '" 

'" " 

3, 950 

2,161 

1. 789 

1, 709 

" 

2,646 

l '992 

'" "' 

2,509 

2.174 

'" '" " 

5. 874 

5, 510 

'" '" 

6' 544 

4, 180 

2,364 

2.171 

"' 

'" "' "' "' " 

W!ntc 

[lelow low-ineome 

level 

Percent 

:;umb,r of 

3, 773 

2,619 

1' 153 

1, 005 

"' 

"' 

10' 

"' "' " 

"' '" "' " " 

"' <40 

m 

'"' " 

1,697 

1' 563 

"' '" 

1' 200 

'" "' "' " 

"' 

m " 

"' n 

total 

23. 2 

21.4 

28.6 

27. 4 

40. 1 

41.4 

26.6 

47.8 

45.0 

73.3 

14.1 

10.0 

19.1 

18.6 

31.3 

15.7 

15 .o 

17. 9 

"' 21.5 

22. 9 

20.2 

40.4 

41. 9 

35.5 

28.9 

28.4 

36. ll 

36.4 

(9) 

18.3 

15.8 

22. R 

22. 2 

29.0 

33. 9 

25.4 

37.3 

37.1 

'" 

Total 

2, 347 

1,595 

"' '" " 

"' 

" 

69 " 

" 

'" 

"' '" '" " 

'" "' m 

" " 

"' 457 1 

120' 

'"' " 

1,171 

"' "' "' " 

Nev;ro 

Below tow-1ncome 

le~el 

Percent 

){umber of 

'"' '" "' '" " 

" " " " ' 

'" "' " " ' 

"' 

"' " " , 

"' 

"' " " ' 

'" '" "' "' 9 

" 

' " " 

total 

41.0 

39. 7 

4~.6 

43.8 

,,, 

62.4 

(B ~ 

71.6 

(9) 

'"' 

l!L3 

17.9 

21.5 

21.1 

"' 

35.3 

32 2. 

41. 4 

42.9 

(9) 

43.1 

40.5 

48.7 

49.5 

(9) 

60.5 

61.5 

56.8 

61.7 

(9) 

29.9 

24.2 

37 . .'1 

39.0 

(9) 

(9) 

'"' '" (B) 

"' 
84 

Table 19. Living Arrangements--Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status in 1974 a·nd Age-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Unrelated individuals as of March 197~) 

Living arrangement and age 

of unrelated individuab 

MALE--continued 

22 to 34 Years 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelatives. 

In households .... 

In group quarters. 

35 to 54 Years 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelativos., ... 

In households .. 

ln group quarters .. , ........ , .. ,, ... ,, 

55 to 64 Years 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelatives., .... 

In households. 

In group quarters ... 

65 Years and Over 

Total .... 

Li vtng alone. 

Living with nonrelatives ........... . 

In households. . .......... . 

In group quarters ........... . 

FEMALE 

14 Years and Over 

Total ... 

Living alone. 

Living With nonrelatives ..... 

In households. 

In group quarters .. 

14 to 21 Years 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelatives. 

In households. . .......... . 

In group quarters. 

22 to 34 Years 

Total. .. 

Living alone ... 

Living with nonrelatives .. 

In households ... 

In group quarters .. 

35 to 54 Years 

Total. 

Living alone. 

Living with nonrelatives. 

In households. 

In group quarters .... 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

2. 916 

1,510 

1,406 

1,342 

" 

1' 820 

1,207 

"' "' 

"' 

'59 "' 

"' " 

1. 455 

1, 2R9 

w '" 

" 

10,981 

9,021 

1, 961 

1' 745 

2" 

"3 

"' "' 399 

" 

1' 701 

1,016 

"' "' " 

1,541 

1.254 

2" 

2<3 

" 

All races 

llelow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

'" "' "' " 

"' '" "' "' ' 

239 

w 

92 

" " 

300 

3W 

" " 5 

3, 212 

2, 445 

"' "' "' 

3;3 

299 " 

"' " 

2e2 

ns 

'" "' 

3" 

2" 

" " " 

total 

14.2 

11.0 

17.6 

16.0 

"' 

16.4 

13.6 

21. 9 

23.3 

(B) 

24.5 

20.6 

35.5 

37.8 

"' 

26.8 

24,1 

48.3 

51.1 

"' 

29.3 

27.1 

39.1 

37.3 

53.7 

50. 9 

28. 9 

61.2 

56.8 

(B) 

16.6 

11.6 

24.0 

24.2 

"' 

24.0 

22.8 

29.2 

27. 7 

"' 

Total 

2' 479 

1,303 

1,177 

1,132 

" 

1,424 

"'' 

3" "' 

" 

"' 

"' '" "' " 

1, 233 

1,151 

92 

" " 

9, 708 

8,041 

1,667 

1' 492 

"' 

930 

203 

"' "' " 

1' 470 

"' 612 

"' 34 

1, 222 

1,023 

'" '" " 

White 

llelow low-incume 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3" 

202 '" 

'" " 

"' U1 

" 61 

"' 

W6 

" " " 

"2 

"' 28 

23 

2,573 

1, 959 

614 

309 

'52 " 

200 

" 

!21 

140 " 

"3 

' 

"' 

"' 49 

" " 

total 

13.6 

10.3 

17.2 

is. 3 

(9) 

12.6 

11.5 

14.9 

15.4 

'" 

22.6 

18.4 

36.2 

38.5 

(9) 

23. 7 

22. 9 

34.9 

(9) 

"' 

26.5 

24.4 

36.8 

35.0 

52.6 

49.0 

27.7 

59.1 

54.3 

"' 

15.0 

9. 5 

22.8 

23.1 

"' 

19.4 

18.4 

24.7 

21.7 

"' 

Total 

321 

"' 146 

,42 

"' 228 

143 "" 

' 

20, 

"5 

" 

5 

195 

123 

63 " 

" 

1,176 

259 "' 

220 

" 

58 

19 

" " " 

"' 

142 

51 

50 

' 

"' 

"' an 

9 

Negro 

llelow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

43 

20 

23 

22 

1 

U5 

53 

" " 

" 42 

23 

23 

" 44 

42 

42 

611 

'" 141 

"' 23 

39 

8 

" 22 

9 

56 

19 " 

19 

"' 9B 

33 

30 

3 

total 

13.5 

11.4 

16.1 

15.2 

(9) 

30.3 

23.1 

41.3 

43.2 

"' 

31.4 

31.1 

"' '" "' 

44.3 

36.1 

"' 

(9) "' 

51.9 

51.2 

54.5 

53.8 

"' 

(9) 

'" 

(9) '" 

(9) 

28.9 

26.1 

"' 

(B) "' 

41.7 

41.8 

41.5 

"' (9) 
-----~-----------------------------------, 

85 

Table 19. living Arrangements--Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Age;_Continued 

(Numbers in thousands.' Unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

L>ving arrungcm!!nt and age 

<>f unrelated individual:> 

FEMALE--Continued 

" to 64 Years 

Total. .. 

Living alone .. ,. 

Living with nonrelatives. ·········· ,, households ...... ,, grQup quarters. 

" Years . ., Ov•• 

Total. 

Living alone .. 

Living with nonrelatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

In households ........ 

'" group quarters .... .......... 

Represents zero. ' Base less than 

Total 

1 '999 

1,812 

"' '" " 

5,047 

4, 718 

"' ,0, 

" 75,000. 

All races 

netow low-income 

level 

Number 

"' 

"' 

•o " 

19 

1,675 

'" '" 120 

12 

Percent 

total "' 

26.7 

24.0 

52.9 

52.0 

"' 

33.2 

32.7 

39.9 

39.9 

(B) 

Total 

1 '745 

1, 598 

"' '" " 

4,641 

4. 359 

"' "' " 

Wht te 

Below low-income 

level 

Number 

'"' 

"' " 56 

1I 

1, 405 

1,300 

roo 

" ' 

Percent 

M 

total 

23.0 

20.9 

45.9 

45.5 

'" 

30.3 

29.8 

37.4 

37.5 

'" 

Total 

'" 

'"' " " 1I 

"' "' " " 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

N"umber. 

m 

" " " ' 

'" 

'" " " 

Percent 

total "' 

52.6 

47.6 

,,, 

,,, 

'" 

68.8 

70.8 

(B) 

(B) 

'" 
86 

·Table 20. Size~~ Family--Families by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

Sbe of family and sex of head 

Totnl 

2 persons. 

ALL FAMILIES 

Head 65 years and over. 

3 persons. 

4 persons .. 

5 persons. 

6 persons .. 

7 persons or more. 

Mean size of family. 

FAMILIES WITH MALE HEAD 

Total. 

2 persons ... 

Head 65 yeara and over ... 

3 persons .. 

4 persons. 

5 persons .. 

persons. 

7 persons or more. 

Mean she of family. 

FAMILIES WITH FEMALE HEAD 

Total. 

2 persons. 

Head 65 years and over. 

3 persons .......... . 

4 persons. 

5 persons. 

6 persons, 

7 persons or more. 

Mean size of family. 

X Not applicable. 

(Numbers in thousands Families all of March 1975) 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

55,712 

20,823 

6,429 

12,137 

ll ,002 

6,313 

3,005 

2,432 

3.42 

48,470 

17,599 

5,649 

10,290 

9, 997 

5, 758 

2,687 

2, 139 

3. 45 

7' 242 

3, 224 

1,847 '" 

1,005 

"' 31' 

"3 

3. 21 

Number of 

5,109 

1 '705 

550 

"' "' 6" 

"' 560 

3.81 

2, 757 

9" 

<69 

"' m 

339 

><5 

no 

3. 95 

2,351 

'" 

5<6 " 

"' "' 

(90 '" 

3.64 

total 

9 ' 

.., 8 ' 

6.0 

. 7. 7 

9.8 

13.7 

23.0 

<xJ 

5.' 

5.< 

6.3 

'-' 

.., 

5.9 

'-' 

17.3 

'" 

32.5 

23.2 

1C7 

29.6 

42.1 

49.9 

52,5 

64.8 

(X( 

White 

Below low-inc0111e 

level 

Total Percent 

49,451 

19,020 

6,028 

10,699 

9,829 

5,567 

2,500 

1,836 

3,36 

44,238 

16,431 

5,348 

9,314 

9, 165 

5,228 

2,365 

1, 735 

3.41 

5,212 

2,589 

660 

1,384 

6'< 

339 

(35 

,., 

2. 97 

Number of 

3,482 

1,315 

"' "' 563 

39; 

'" 308 

3.59 

2,185 

"' "' 336 

33< 

263 

251 "' 

3.77 

1,297 

<66 

60 

33< 

"' 128 

53 

" 3.30 

total 

'. 0 6. 9 

'-' 

6.3 

5.' 

'·0 

9.< 

16.8 

(X) 

'· 9 5.0 

3 6 ' ' 

3. 5 

5.0 

'-' 

14.5 

(X) 

24.9 

18.8 

24. l 

36.0 "9 

393 

56.4 

(X) 

Nc~~:ro 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

5,498 

1,619 

1,247 "' 

9" 

6<6 

«9 

557 

3.90 

3,558 

1,018 

276 

661 "' 

<36 

266 

"' 

3. 92 

1, 940 

60> 

31' "' 

"' )63 

)90 

3.86 

Number of 

I, 530 

"' 

28) 

"' 20, 

><3 "' 

4. 25 

500 

'" " " " " 

uo " 

4.58 

1,024 

'" 

20, 

'" '" "' (32 

4. 09 

total 

27.8 

23.0 

22.8 

22.5 

"' " 9 37.4 

43.6 

(X) 

" , " 9 19.9 

9.' 

12.9 

14.2 

20.7 

30.0 

"' 

52.8 

41.9 

31.3 

47 .s 

54.4 

68.9 

61.7 

69.5 

(X( 
87 

Table 21. Number o1 Related Children Under 18 Years Old--Families by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex 

and Race of Head 

(Nlll!lbers 111 thousands. Families as of March 1975) 

Nwnber of related children 

under 18 and sex of head 

ALL FAMILIES 

Total ..•.•• ,,.,, .•..•• ,, ••.•.••• ,, ... 

Without related children under 18 years .•.. 

With related children under 18 years .. ,,, •. 

1 under 18.,,., ..•.. ,, ..•...•• , ,, . , •..... 

2 under 18 •..•...••••..••• ,,,,, ••.•. ,,,,, 

3 under 18 •••••••••• ,, ••••.••• ,,, •••••••• 

4 under 18,,,,,,,,., ..• ,,,,,,, •.•• ,,,,,,. 

5 under 18,; ...•..•.••••••.....••••••..•. 

6 or more under 18. , , , . , .•.. , , , , ..•. · .• , , , 

Mean nwnber of related children under 18 

per family with such children .••••••••.•.•. 

FAMILIES WITH JM.LE HEAD 

Total. ... ,, ........ ,,,.,, .• ,.,, ... , .. 

Without rehted children under 18 years •••. 

With rehted children under 18 year!!,,,,,,, 

1 under 18,,,.,, ••. ,.,,,,, ••• ,.,,,,,,, •.• 

2 under 18 ..• ,, .. , ... , •.. ,., , , , ....... , .. 

3 under 18 .....•.•• , ••••..••.•• , •••••..•. 

4 under 18 .. , ... , .. , ....... , , .... , .. , , ... 

5 under 18, .. ,, ..•..• ,,,, ,, •••. , • , , , , , •.. 

6 or more under 18. , •..••.. , , , , , •.••• , , , , 

Mean nUDiber of rehtelf children under 18 

per family Wlth such chlldren .•.. ,, , ,, ..•• 

FAMILIES WITH FE:JM.LE HEA.D 

Total ..•.•• , ... ,,, ..•••..• , .•.••... ,, 

Without related children un~er 18 years •..• 

With rel&. ted children under 18 years.,.,.,. 

1 under 18,,., ••.•• ,,,,,, .•..•. ,,,,, •..•• 

2 under 18 .. , ... , ....... , . , ...... , . , , , .. . 

3 under 18 •.•• ,,,,,, ...••. ,,,., •.•••.• ,,, 

4 under 18 ........... , , , . , ... , , , , .. , .... . 

5 under 18, ••..•• , .• ,, ••..•. ,,., ••.•••••• 

6 or more under 18 •..•... , , , .•..•. , , , , , , . 

Mean nlllllber of related children under 18 

per family with Buch children,,,,,,., •••.• 

Total 

55,712 

24,381 

31,331 

11,470 

10,285 

5,432 

2,416 

9" 

'" 

2.10 

48,470 

22,061 

26,409 

9,467 

8,917 

4,673 

1, 989 

"0 

"3 

2.10 

7,242 

2, 320 

4,922 

2,003 

1,368 

"' "' '" "3 

2.12 

X Not applicable. Il Base less than 75 1 000. 

All races 

Ilclow low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,109 

1,234 

3,875 

1,088 

9n 

N9 

"' 2'9 

"' 

2.63 

2, 757 

1,041 

1, 716 

"' "' "' 22' 

>29 

"' 

2.80 

2,351 

>93 

2, 158 

'" "' 39> 

"' '" "' 

2,50 

total 

9.2 

5 ·' 12.4 

9.5 

9.5 

13.8 

20,6 

28.4 

38.3 

(X) 

'-' 

.., 

9.5 

'·' 4.9 

'-' 

11,4 

16.5 

27,6 

(X) 

32.5 

9.3 

43,8 

33.4 

41.1 

50.2 

63 .~ 

74,3 

76,7 

(X) 

Total 

49,451. 

22,551 

26,900 

9,960 

. 9,050 

4,692 

1, 977 

"3 

"' 

2.06 

44,238 

20,580 

23,658 

8,500 

a, 111 

4,214 

t, 752 

959 

_423 

2,07 

5,212 

1,970 

3,242 

1,460 

9" 

"9 

"' " 55 

1.94 

White 

lk!low low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,015 

2,467 

"9 

'" "' "' "2 

'" 

2.51 

2,185 

695 

1,290 

333 

3" 

"' "' W5 

69 

2,71 

1,297 

1,177 '" 

"' "' '" "' " " 

2.28 

total 

.., 

9.2 

L5 

'-' 

10.6 

14,9 

21.8 

27.2 

(X) 

<.3 

5.5 

3.9 

3.6 

'·' 9.6 

15,9 

21.0 

(X) 

24.9 

'-' 

36,3 

28,5 

34.8 

44.7 

54,5 

67,9 

(a) 

(X) 

Total 

5,498 

1, 579 

3, 919 

1, 328 

1,038 

"' '" "' "' 

2 .39 

3, 558 

1,269 

2,289 

606 

"' <oo 

>99 

U3 

'" 

2.32 

1, 940 

no 

1,630 

520 

'" "' "' '" "' 

2,49 

Negro 

llelow low-income 

love! 

Percent 

Number of 

1,530 

1, 332 "' 

320 

320 

"' '" "' "' 

2,87 

133. 

"' " " " " " " 

3.09 

959 " 

'" "' '" "' 93 

" 

2.78 

total 

27 .8 

12 ,5 

34,0 

24.1 

30.8 

34,9 

48,0 

50,6 

59.4 

(X) 

14.2 

10.5 

16,3 

9.5 

14.6 

17 .8 

22 ,6 

21.2 

44 .1 

(X) 

52 .a 

21.0 

58,8 

46.7 

55.1 

60,5 

73 .1 

78 .a 79.2 

(X) 
88 

Table 22. Children by Size of Family--Related Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income Status in 1974 

and Sex and Race of Head 

(Nwubers in thousands. Related children as of March 1975) 

Related children by size of 

!ami ly and sex of head 

ALL CHilDREN UNDER 18 YEARS 

Total,,,.,, ... , .••. , •• , ••. ,, .•. ,, ... ,, 

ln 2-person families •.••. ,.,.,,,, ••. ,, .• ,, .. 

In 3-person families, .• ,,,,,.,,,,,.,,., .•••• 

In 4-person families ..•• ,.,,.,.,,,, ••. ,,,.,, 

In 5-person families .. ,,,, •. ,,,,,,,,,,,, •• ,, 

In 6-person families, ••.•. , •. ,,,,,, •• ,,, •• ,. 

In 7-or-morc-person fwnilies.,, ·••••••··•··• 

CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS IN FAMILI.ES 

WITH Ji!A.LE HEAD 

Total •. ,, .••• •••· ................... .. 

In 2-person families •. ,., ••. ,,, •• ,,,,,,,,, •• 

In 3-person families ... ,,,,,,., ............ , 

In 4-person families, ..... , .... , ........ ,,,. 

In 5-person families,..,,. ................. . 

In 6-person families, ... , ... , ... , .......... . 

In 7- or- more-person families,.,,, , , , , , , , •• , , 

CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS IN FAMILIES 

WITH FEMALE HEAD 

Total, ....... , ...... ,,,, ............. , 

In 2-person families, •••.. ,, ••• ,,, •. ,.,.,, •• 

In 3-person families.,, .•• ,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,, 

In 4-person fsmilies ...................... ,, 

In 5-person families.,, •. ,,, .• ,, •• ,,,, ••• , .• 

In 6-person families,., ........ , ... .,, ... ,,. 

In 7-or-more-person families.,, •. ,,,.,.,,, •. 

B Base less than 75 1000, 

Total 

65,802 

1,531 

9,180 

18,032 

15,594 

9,868 

11,597 

6,808 '" 15,817 

13,899 

8,662 

9, 998 

10,458 

1,370 

2,372 

2,215 

1,695 

1,206 

1,599 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

10,196 

1,310 "' 

1,827 

1,861 

1,565 

3,050 

4,809 

" "' "' "6 

t, '" 942 

5,387 

"' 

1,091 '" 

966 

1' "" 108 

total 

15,5 

38,0 

14,3 

10,1 

11,9 

15,9 

26,3 

'·' 

14,4 5., 

.., 

6.5 

19,4 '·' 

51,5 

40,9 

40,3 

49,3 

57 .o 58,4 

69,3 

Total 

55,348 

1,143 

7,807 

15,958 

13,706 

8 1 146 

8,589 

6,080 "' 14,499 

12,673 

7,630 

8,041 

6,294 

1,012 

1, 726 

1,459 

1,032 

5>6 

548 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

-; 6, 180. 

"' 

1,224 '" 

t, 177 

1,628 '" 

" "' "' "' 

1,283 "'' 

2,680 

_5., "' 

"' "' "' "" 

total 

11,2 

33,7 

11,2 

'·' 8.6 

10,9 

19,0 

'-' 

13,0 

<.6 

'·' 5.6 

16,0 '·' 

42,6 

36,4 

"'·6 

44,6 

45,4 

48,3 

63,1 

Total 

9,376 

1,243 "' 

1, 738 

1,670 

1,533 

2,814 

5,314 

28 

1,026 

1,022 

.. , 1 '171 

4,062 

350 

628 

6<8 "' 

600 

1,037 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Pet"cent 

Number of 

3,819 

H6 '" 

568 

"' 63> 

1,364 

5 

'55 '" 

'" "' 

2,66!J 

'" "' '" 

<55 "' 

"' 

total 

40,7 

51,6 

33,5 

32,7 

38,3 

41,6 

48.5 

21.7 

(8) 

10,4 

13,9 

15,2 

21,6 

33,8 

65,7 

5<.3 

56,1 

59,6 

74 ,8 

65,9 

73,6 
89 

Table 23. Age of Head--Families and Unrelated Individuals by low-Income Status in 1974 and 

Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Age and :>ex of head 

ALL FAMILIES 

Tutal ...•. 

Under 35 years,. ...•.. Under 25 years •..•. 

25 to 34 years .......... .. 

35 to 44 years ............... . 

45 to 54 years .•... , •....... , ....•....•..•.• 

55 to 64 years ... , .............. , .•......... 

65 years and over .....................•..... 

Median age .. .....•....•.. years .. 

FAMILIES WITH MALE HEAD 

Total .. 

Under 35 years.,, ............. , .•.. 

Under 25 years •..•....•......•..•. , .... , .• 

25 to 34 years .......................... .. 

35 to 44 years .... , •••. , .•.....•.........•.. 

45 to 54 years .......................... , .. . 

55 to 64 years •. ,, .•. , ..........•. , ........ , 

65 years and over, .•.. , ........... ,, .•. , ..•. 

.... years .. Median age ..•. 

FAMILIES WITH FEMALE HEAD 

Total ... , ..•.•..•......•..•....•. 

Under 35 years .•... 

Under 25 years .•.... , .... , .•.......... , ... 

25 to 34 years ........................... . 

35 to 44 years.... . ........•. 

45 to 54 years ..... 

55 to 64 years •..... , ..... . 

65 years and over ....... .. 

Median age ................ , .... , ..... yeara •. 

ALL UNREL4TED INDIVIDUALS 

Total., .... , .•.. , .•..•......•..•. , •..• 

Under 35 yeara ... ,., •........•..•. , •... , ..• , 

Under 25 years ... ,, ... ,, ....•...... , ..•. ,. 

25 to 34 years. , ...• , ...• , .•. , .•.. , ..•..•. 

35 to 44 years ............................ .. 

45 to 54 years. , ...... , , .... , •.•.•....•. , , •. 

55 to 64 years ... , .•..•....•...... , .... , ... . 

65 year,;; and over ........... ,. ............ .. 

Median age .............. , ......•.... years,. 

MA!.E UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total ........•.......•.. , ..... . 

Under 35 year~>.. . ................ , . 

Under 25 years ...... , .. , .•.......•.•..•..• 

25 to 34 yeara .....•......... , .........•. 

35 to 44 years .. , .•.................•....•.. 

<:15 to 54 years. , ..................... , .. , .. . 

55 to 64 years................. .. ...... .. 

65 years and over. , ..• , .....•.......... , ... , 

Median age .........•..•.•....•....... years. 

FEMALE UNRElATED lNDIVIll.JALS 

Total ........•....•. ·····•··•··· 

Under 35 years ........ , ................ , •.•. 

Under 25 years ..•....•..•. , .•.......... , .• 

25 to 34 years .........•.............. , ... 

35 to 44 years. , ...•... , ......•.........•..• 

45 to 54 years ...•..................•...•.. 

55 to 64 years .•....... , ....•.•....... 

65 years and over .•.......••............. , .. 

Median age ...•..•.................... year!! .. 

X Not applicable. 

All races 

Below low~tncome 

level 

Total 

55.712 

16,933 

4, 225 

12,708 

10,853 

11' 234 

8,658 

8,034 

45.1 

48,470 

14,577 

3,482 

ll,095 

9,345 

9,899 

7 '727 

6,925 

45.3 

7' 242 

... 2,356 

H3 

1,613 

1 ,5ll 

1,335 

1,108 "' 

43.4 

18,872 

6,040 

2,965 

3,075 

l ,389 

1,971 

2,970 

6,502 

55.1 

7,890 

3,645 

1,652 

l '994 

'" "' 

1,455 '" 

38.2 

10,981 

2,394 

1,313 

1,081 

1,097 '" 

1,999 

5,047 

62.8 

Percent 

Number of 

total 

5,109 

2,015 

l' "' 282 

1,051 

"' "' 

40.1 '" 

2, 757 

"' "' "' "' "' "' 

46.7 '" 

2,351 

1, Z30 

"' "' "' '" >'5 

34.3 "' 

4,820 

1,316 

"' "' '" "' 

2,065 "' 

60.5 

1,607 

"' '" '" "' '" "' 

43.6 '"

3,212 

'35 

503 

"' '0 

"0 

533 

1,675 

65• 

'-' 

11.9 

17.3 

10.1 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

'. 5 

"' 

5.' 

5., 

'·' '-' 

5.5 

.., 

5.< 

8 ·' "' 

32.5 

52.2 

60.1 

48.6 

35.0 

21.3 

17.7 

13.0 

"' 

25.5 

21.8 

32.0 

12.0 

16.4 

22.3 

26 .o 31.8 

"' 

20.4 

18.7 

27 .o 11.8 

14,6 

18.3 

24.6 

26.8 

'" 

29.3 

26.5 

38.3 

12.2 

20.2 

25.5 

26.7 

33.2 

"' 

White 

Below luw-1ncome 

level 

Total 

49,451 

14,739 

3,574 

11' 166 

9,429 

10,084 

7,878 

7,319 

45.6 

44,238 

13 '230 

3' 136 

10,094 

8,399 

9,086 

7' 113 

6,410 

45.5 

5, 212 

1,510 

1,072 "' 

1,030 

'" ,65 

. 909 

45.7 

16,252 

5,224 

2,641 

2,583 

1' 130 

1,516 

2, 508 

5,874 

55.0 

6,544 

3,124 

1,456 

1,668 

"' '" 

1,233 "' 

36.9 

9,708 

2,100 

1,185 

'" "' 

1. '" 745 

4,641 

63.8 

Percent 

Number of 

tot a( 

3,482 

1,341 

"0 

"0 

'" "' "0 

40,9 "' 

2,185 

"' "' 

303 '"' 

"' "' 

46.9 "'

1 '297 

'" "' "' "' "' " 

33.8 " 

3, 773 

1,085 

"' 200 

"' '" 5'5 

1,697 

61.7 

1,200 

555 

"' "' " 

"' 

39.8 '" 

2,573 

500 

"' '"' 

,0, "'

7.0 

13.2 '"' 

'-' 

'-' 

4. ~ 

5.3 

'-' 

"' 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

o.o 

'-' 

3.' 

<.6 

'-' 

'" 

24.9 

46.6 

55.1 

43.1 

27.6 

14.4 

12.1 

'·' "' 

.,., 

20.8 

30.1 

t"l.2 

14.1 

17 .o 22.9 

28.9 

(X) 

18.3 

l7 .s 25.2 

11.3 

12.0 

13.3 

22.7 

23.7 

(X) 

26.5 

25.2 

36.1 

11.1 

18.7 

19.7 

23 .o 30.3 

'" 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

Number of 

5,498 

1,960 

50' 

1,352 

1,213 

'" 6" 

41.5 '" 

3,558 

1,138 

"' '" "' 6" 

5n 

43.5 "' 

l, 940 

,, 

286 

5>6 

<00 

"' "' 

38.2 "' 

2,347 

6" 

'" '" '" "' '" 

51.8 "' 

1' 171 

"' "' '" "' '" ,0, 

"5 

46.6 

1,176 

'" no 

"' " ''" "' 

55.7 "' 

total 

1,530 

6" 

'" 388 

353 

,06 

"' m 

38.5 

506 

"6 

55 

us " 

" 

ws " 

46.3 

1,024 

"' ,00 

"' ''" "' " 

34.8 " 

'" "0 

m 

,. 

50 

"' "' 

58.1 "' 

"' 85 

" " " " 65 

51.2 " 

6U 

" " " 

W5 " 

"' '" 61.7 

27 .8 

32.8 

41.8 

28.7 

29,1 

20,7 

21.9 

27.7 

(8) 

14.2 

11.0 

17,6 

5.6 

15.6 

10,4 

15.7 

23.9 

(8) 

52 .II 

62.9 

67.5 

60.4 

51.2 

42.8 

43.2 

36.8 

'" 

41.0 

27.9 

47.0 

15.2 

25.6 

40.5 

42.9 

60,5 

(8) 

29.9 

21.7 

38.6 

11.5 

26,5 

33.1 

31.3 

44.3 

"' 

51.9 

37.6 

58.4 

21.6 

23.5 

47.9 

52.5 

68.8 

(8) 
90 

Table 24. Presence and Age of Own Children--Families by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Type of Family, and Age of Head (lfwnbers In thousands FaDiilies as of March 1975) 

"' families Husband-wife familte.~ Other families wl th. 

male head Famllu•s with female head 

Presence o.nd age of ""'" Below Iow-1ncome Below low-Income children by age of Below low-lncone Below lo.,-income head level level level level Total Total Total Total 

Number l'<!rcent Number Percent Number P<>rc .. n t Nwnbcr o< total Percent o> total "' total "' touJ 

TotaL .•. ~5' 712 5,109 .., 45,971 2,620 '·' 1,499 "' .., 7,242 2,351 32.5 Head under 25 ye,.rs,. 4,225 "' 17.3 3,376 "' ... '"' " 18.9 ,., ... 60,0 No own childr"n under 18 year~. 1,817 >00 ... 1,662 " .., " " 16.0 ,. " '" One or more own children under 18 years. 2,408 "' ?6.2 1 '714 '" ll,l " • "' "' "' 65.0 '" under 6 years. 2,167 "' 23,9 1,603 "' 10.7 " "' ~· , .. 63.0 Some under 6, some 6 ~o l1 years. ''" " ~2.0 " " 25.0 "' H "' " "' • (O 17 years. " " 41.1 " '" '" " " "' Head 25 to 44 years. 23' 562 2,333 .., 19,942 '" .., <% " "' 3,124 I ,312 42.0 No own children under 111 years. J ,!132 "' '·' J,Jll " '·' "' • ... ,, " 12.5 One or more own children under 18 years. 19,729 2,223 ll.J 16,631 '" '·' '" " 13.8 2,845 I ,277 44.9 "' under 6 years. 1, 967 "' .., 4,565 '" .., , '" "' '" 47.3 Some Under 6, some 6 to 17 years.,. 5,834 ,., 16.2 5,026 "' ... " " "' "' 509 65,7 '" • to 17 years •.•. !1,928 '" 10,2 7,040 ,, .., "' " '·' 1, 719 '" 35.0 Head 45 to 64 years., ··········· 19,892 1,283 '·' 16,995 "' '·' ~0 " ' ' 2,267 .. , 19,8 No own children Under 111 years,. 12,190 '" 5.3 10,361 "' '·' "' '" .., 1,391 >% 14.1 One or more own children under Ill years, 7. 702 '" "·' 6,634 '" .., '" " 12,4 "' "' 28.9 Head 65 years and over,,,,, ··········· 8,034 "' '·' 6,658 '" "·' '" , '-' 1 ,lOB , .. 13,0 !fo own children under 18 year~ •.•• 7,805 "' '·' 6,460 

~· '·' , " '-' 1,093 "" 12.6 One or 1110re own cllildren under 18 years. , " 24.0 "' " 23.2 

- Represents ~ero. B Base less tllan 7~,000. " "' " '" 
91 

Table 25. Employment Status of Head in March 1975--Families and Unrelated Individuals by 

Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrela:ed individuals as of March 1975) 

Employment status and sex of head 

ALL FAMILIES 

Total •.••.•••••••••.••••. 

In civilian labor force •••••.••. , ..•••••••••• 

Employed ••.•••••••••••. , .• ,.,, •••• , ••• , •••• 

Unemployed •••.••.• , •• , ••••• , •••••• , •. , .•••• 

Percent unemployed •••• , ••• ,, ••••••••••••• 

Not in labor force ••••. , .••• , .•••••••• , •• ,.,, 

In Armed Forces.,,.,,.,,.,, ••• , ••. ,,,,, 

FAMILIES WITIT MAU: !lEAD 

Total.,, •• , •• , •• , .•..•. ,,,,,,, 

In civilian labor force ••. ,,,., ••• , •• , ••• ,, •• 

Employed ••••• , .••••••••••••. ,., .• ,., ••• , ••• 

Unemployed ••• , •• , ••••••.• , .•••••••• , •••••. , 

Percent unemployed, ....... ,.,, ••• , •• , •. ,. 

Not in labor force ...................... ,. .. . 

In Armed Forces .• , .•. , •• , , •• , ••••.••. 

FAMILIES WITH FEMAlE HEAD 

Total..,.,,.,,., •••••••• . :i· ..... 

In civilian labor force ..................... . 

Employed .••.•••••••••.••••• , •.•.•.• ,.,, •••• 

Unemployed ........................... , .•••• 

Pe1·cent unemployed,,.,,,,,.,,,.,,.,., •• ,. 

Not in labor force.,,,, •• ,,.,.,., •• ,.,., ••••• 

ALL UNRElATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total .•.•••••••••••• 

In civilian labor force.... • •••••••••. , , 

Employed .•••••••••.••. , •••••••••• • •, ••••. 

Unemployed .• , . , , , ••• , •• , , •••• , , .••• , ••••••. 

Percent unemployed., .•••• , ••• ,.,,.,, ... .. 

Not in labor force .......... , .... , ......... .. 

In Armed Forces ••••• ,,,,., •••••••••• •.,., •••• 

MALE UNRElATED INDIVIOOALS 

Total •.•.•••••••. ,.,, ••••••• 

In civilian labor force .... , ............... .. 

Employed,., •••.•••••••. ,.,, •••••••.••.•• , •• 

Unemployed ••••••.•••••••. , •••••.••••• , ••••• 

Percent unemployed.,, •• , •• ,,., •••••••••• , 

Not in labor force,, •.• ,,., ••••. ,, .•. , ••• , ••• 

In Armed Forces., •. ,,,.,, •••.•.. ,., ••• , ••• ,. 

FEMALE UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total ••.••••••.••••••. ,,., ••••••••• , .•. 

In civilian labor force,,, •••••• ,, •. ,,,., •••• 

Employed,, •.••. ,.,,, •••• , •• ,,., ........ ,.,, 

Unemployed •••••••••••• , . , ••••••••••• , , ••••• 

Percent unemployed .• ,,,, •••••••• ,.,,, ••• , 

Not in labor force.,,. 

Total 

55,712 

43' 216 

40,419 

2, 797 

6.o 11,569 

'" 

48,470 

39,282 

36,877 

2,405 

'-' 

8,262 

'" 

7,242 

3,934 

3,542 

3" 

10,0 

3,308 

18,872 

10,590 

9,660 

'" 

8,178 '·' 

W3 

I 

7,890 

5,604 

4,994 

6W 

10.9 

2,183 

W3 

10,981 

4,986 

4,666 

3" 

6.< s, 995 

- Represents zero. n Base less than 75, ooo. 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,109 

2,497 

2,048 

18.0 "' 

2, 584 

" 

2, 757 

1,656 

1,416 

14.5 '" 

1,074 

" 

2,351 

"" "' 

24.9 "' 

1,510 

4,820 

l, 575 

1,273 

3"' 

19.2 

3,234 

' 

1,607 

706 

"' 

23.7 "' 

'" 

6" '" 

15,0 '" 

2,393 

total 

'·' 

'·' 

16.1 '·' 

22.3 '" 

'·' 

.., 

3 ·' 

10.0 

13 "' .o 

'·' 

32.5 

21.4 

17.9 

53.2 

(X) 

45,7 

25.5 

14,9 

13,2 

32.4 

(X) 

39.5 

<.3 

20.4 

13,5 

11.5 

29.3 

38.5 "' 

<.3 

29.3 

. 16.4 

14,9 

38.4 

39.9 "' X Not applicable, 

Total 

49,451 

38,861 

36,548 

2,313 

6.0 

9, 776 

'" 

44,238 

35,963 

33.903 

2,060 

7,462 '·' 

'" 

5,212 

2,898 

2. 645 

"3 

2,,314 

16,252 

9,051 

8,300 

"' 6.3 

7,107 

" 

6,544 

4,687 

4, 214 

10.1 "' 

l, 763 

" 

9, 708 

4,364 

4,087 

"' 

5,344 '·' 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,482 

I, 813 

l. 508 

300 

16.8 

1,646 

" 

2, 185 

l ,334 

l, 146 

14.1 "' 

'" 

l, 297 

303 ''" 

24.4 "' 

"' 

3. 773 

1, 236 

1,007 ,, 

18,5 

2,532 

' 

l ,200 

"' '" 

22 "' .l 

2,573 

"' "' 

15.3 '" 

1,915 

total 

'.o 

.., 

'-' 

13,2 

(X) 

16.8 

'-' 

3.' 

3.< 

'-' 

(X) 

11.1 

'·' 

24,9 

16.6 

13.7 

46.2 

35.3 "'

23.2 

13.7 

12 .l 

30.5 

(X) 

35,6 

'·' 

18.3 

12.3 

10.7 

27,0 

(X) 

35,0 

.., 

26.5 

15 .l 

13.6 

36,5 

(X) 

35 ,8 

Total 

5,498 

3, 764 

3,313 

451 

12.0 

1,648 

" 

3,558 

2. 775 

2,462 

11.3 "' 

"' " 

1' 940 

'" '" "' 13-9 

'" 

2,347 

1,340 

1,182 

ll,8 "' 

'" , 

1,171 

'" 060 

"' 15.6 

"' , 

1, 176 

" 

Negro 

Below l<>w-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

l, 530 

"' "' "' 21.4 

'" ' 

506 

'" '" 

15.7 " 

"' 3 

1,024 

Q6. I 

'" 

22.5 

"' 

"' 

34.1 

"' 

"' "' 

12,6 " 

<60 

total 

27.8 

" 0 15.1 

30.3 

(X) 

53.9 

3.< 

14.2 

10.3 

l4 '·' .3 

(X) 

3>.> 

3 ·' 

52.8 

35.6 

30.5 

66,7 

"' 70.7 

41.0 

21.3 

18.7 

40.7 

67,0 "'

'"' 

29.9 

17.3 

13.5 

37,5 

(X) 

54.9 

'"' 

51,9 

27.1 

25.2 

51.6 

(X) 

74,5 
92 

Table 26. Number of Earners by Relationship to Head--Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of ~[arch 1975) 

Number of earners by rclationslup to head 

ALL I'AMILIES 

Total •.....•.••.•..•..•.. ,,, •..•.•..•. 

No earners .•.. , ... ,.,,,, ..•..•..•.....•..... 

One earner,,., .....•.•.••.• ,., •. , ...•.•....• 

Head an earner ... ,,, •..•.•.. , ..•.....• , •.. 

Worked yea I"- round full tiroo •••• , •••••••• 

Wife an earner ..•.•..•.....•.•...•••..•... 

Worked year-round full time ..•....•....• 

Other relative an earner .•• ,.,, •..•..... ,. 

'!Wo or m_ore earners ....................... .. 

Head nn earner ....•... , •. ,.,,, ..•..•.•..•. 

Worked year-round full time ..•... ,,, •. 

Wife an earner ...••...• ,, ............. . 

Wife only other earner., ............ .. 

Other relatlve{s) only other earner{s) .. 

l{ead not an earner .• , •• , •• , ... , ..•....•••. 

t'AMILIES WITH MALE J!EAD 

Total •.•....••.•.• · • • · •• • • •• •• · •• · • · • · 

No earners ........... ,..,. ................. . 

One earner ............ ,, .••• ,. ......... ,.,,. 

Head an earner .••. ; ........... , •••••..•.•. 

Worked year-round full time •••..•.•....• 

Wife an earner ..... ,, .................... . 

Worked year-round full t1100 •••••• , • , •••• 

Other relative an earner ................. . 

'I'wo or more earners .••.••••.•• , •..••.•.••.•. 

Head an earner ...•. , .. , .•..•..•..••.••••.. 

Worked year-round full time ••••••••••• 

Wife an earner ........................ .. 

Wife only other earner .......... ,.., .. 

Other relative{s) only other earner{s) •. 

Head not an esrner ....................... . 

FAMILIES WI'I'H FEMALE HEAD 

Total. .... , .• ,, •....•..• ,.,'' • ...... • · 

No earners ..•.... , ... ,,, ............... , ... . 

One earner •..• , .. ,,,,,, •.•.•.. ,,,,,,, •.•.••. 

Head an earner ....... , .. ,,, ........... ,,,. 

Worked year-round full time, .••..•••. ,,. 

Other relative an earner ......... , .• ,, .. ,. 

'!Wo or more earners ..... ., • ., ... ,. ......... . 

Head an earner •. , •.••.•.•.. ,.,., .• ,, •..•.• 

\ Worked year-round full time ••.•.. ,.,,. 

Hilad not an earner ••.•..• ,,.,,, .• , .••••.•. 

ALL UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total .•••..•...•.•.••.•..•..•..••.•••. 

Earner .............. ,.,. • • · ·" · .. ·" · · · • • · • · 

Worked year-round full time •. , •• , ••.•..•.. , 

Nonearner ............ ,., ·.,., ............. , . 

MALE UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total. 

Earner .• ,,.,, ........... ·•• .. ·· • ·' • • •· · • · • · · 

Worked year-rou:td full time •..•.••.. , ••.. , 

Nonearner •. ,.,,, .. ,, ............ , ..•. ,,, •. ,. 

FEMALE UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total ...... , ..•..•.•.•...... '· ...•..• · 

Earner •.•.....•.....•..• ,· • · • · · •'' • • · •• · • · • · 

Worked year-rou~d full time •..•..•. , ..... . 

Nonearner ................ · ·' · • • · .. · .. · • · • ·' · 

B Base less than 75,000. 

Total 

55,712 

6,181 

19,584 

16,95[) 

11,946 

1,198 

1 ,435 "' 29,947 

29,212 

22,238 

22,227 

16,700 

6,985 

"' 

48,470 

4,415 

16,274 

14,494 

10,750 

1,198 

576 

27 '781 '" 27,326 

21 ,077 

22,227 

16,700 

5, 099 

"' 

7,242 

1 '766 

3,310 

2 ,456 

1,196 

2' "' 166 

1 ,886 

1' 161 

280 

18,872 

11,609 

6, 623 

7 ,2.62 

7,890 

6,111 

3, 509 

1. 780 

10,981 

5,499 

3' 114 

5,482 

All races 

Dclow low-inC<>me 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,109 

1 ,937 

2' 127 

1' 784 

"' "' 

217 " l ,045 

938 

393 

"' "' "' '" 

2 '757 

1' '" 174 

1,008 

427 "6 

" 

"6 " 

"' "' "' "' '" " 

2,351 

1 ,172 

953 

"' '" 

226 "' 

"' '" " 

4,820 

1,690 

298 

3,130 

1,607 

"' 

790 "' 

3,212 

119 "' 

2,339 

total 

9.2 

31.3 

10.9 

10.5 

10,5 

15.1 

3.5 

'·' '-' 

'·' '-' 

6.0 

14,5 

17.3 

'-2 

LO 

<.0 

10.5 

.., 

6.6 

2.' 

, .6 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

.., 

11.8 

32.5 

66.3 

28.8 

31.6 

12.9 

20.8 

10.4 

6.2 

19.0 '·' 

25.5 

14.6 

.., 

43.0 

20.4 

13.4 

44.4 '·' 

29.3 

15.9 

'-' 

42.7 

Tota 1 

49,451 

5,21'7 

17,369 

15,137 

10,921 

1. 063 

"6 

1 ,170 

26,864 

26,297 

20,244 

20,101 

15,096 

6,196 

'" 

44,238 

4' 054 

14 '966 

13,388 

10,041 

1,063 "6 

~15 

25,218 

24,851 

19,338 

20,101 

15,0q6 

4 '750 

"' 

5,212 

1 ,163 

2,404 

1 '748 

690 

6oo 

1' 646 

1,446 

200 '" 

16,252 

9,961 

s, 754 

6,291 

0,544 

5, loJ6 

2. 987 

1 ,398 

9, 708 

4,815 

2. 767 

4,893 

White 

llelow tow-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,482 

1 ,288 

1 ,470 

1 ,283 

459 

20 " 

" "' "' "' "" "' "' " 

2,185 

"' 

6" '" 

"' " 20 

" "' W2 

286 

'" "' "' " 

1,297 

"' "' "' " " " " " 27 

3, 773 

1,331 

2,442 '" 

1 ,200 

600 

549 "' 

2, 573 

690 

1 ,892 

total 

2::: I 

'·' '-' 

'.2 

.., 

'·' 6.' 

2.' 

'-' 

'-' 

2.0 2.2 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

15.1 

'-' 

'-' 

3, 7 

6.' 

'· 6 4. 9 

'-' 

2 ·' 

'-' 

, .o 

2.2 

<.2 

6.2 

24.9 

58.2 

21.7 

25.8 

10.1 

10.6 

6.0 ,.o 

'-' 

13.3 

23.2 

13.4 

38,8 

18,3 

12.6 

'·0 

39.3 

26.5 

14,1 

38.7 

Total 

5,49k 

1. 935 "' 

1 ,579 

'" U2 

" 2,649 "' 

2' 516 

l, 700 

1,821 

1 ,391 

'" "' 

3,558 

1,066 "' 

'" "' U2 

" 2' 171 " 2' 107 

1 ,464 

1 ,821 

1 ,391 

286 

" 

1' 940 

869 '" 6" 

"' '" "' '" "' " 

2,347 

1,444 

"' "' 

1' 171 

,, "' 

'" 

1' 176 

"' '" "' 

Negro 

Below low-tncome 

level 

1 '530 

'" '" "' "' " 

'" 290 

"' 

"' " '" " 

'" 

:~:I "' 

32] " 

,, 

12: 

t73j 

'"I " "'I " "I " I 

1 ,024 

"' '" "' 62 

"' '" " " " 

"' "" 

"' 

"' 

"' 

226 " 

"' "' 

Percent 

total 

27.8 

67.6 

32.1 

30.2 

13.3 

28.1 

46.9 '"' 

10.9 

'·' '-' 

6.0 

.., 

19.4 

34.8 

14.2 

40,9 

18.9 

17.7 

9.5 

28.1 

'" 

6 '" .o 

'.' '.' 6. 0 .., 

14.3 

"' 

52.8 

82.0 

48.4 

46.5 

20.5 

55.5 

24.4 

22.9 

6.0 

'" 

41.0 

21.1 

72.8 '·' 

29.9 

'ts.1 

,.o 

65.9 

St. 9 

29.1 

6.' 

77,0 
~ ., .. , 

93 

Table 27. Work Experience of Head--Families and Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income 

Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head (Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Work experience anC sex of head 

ALL FAMILIES 

Total. 

Head worked last year,. 

Worked at full-time job,. 

50 to 52 weeks •. 

40 to 49 weeks. 

27 to 39 weeks. 

14 to 26 weeks., 

13 weeks or less .. 

Worked at part-time Job 

50 to 52 weeks •. 

40 to 49 woeks •.•••. 

27 to 39 weeks.,., 

14 to 26 weeks .. 

13 weeks or less .. 

Head worked 1 to 49 weeks, total. ... 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed. 

Other,, .... ,,.,, ... ,, .. 

Head did not work last year, 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled., .. ,. 

Keeping house, , • , . 

Going to school.,,,. 

Unable to find work, 

Retired, 

Other,, 

Head in Armed Forces. 

PAM! LIES WITH MALE HEAD 

Total. 

Head worked last year,. 

Worked at full-time job. 

50 to 52' weeks.,. 

40 to 49 weeks ... , 

27 to 39 weeks .. . 

14 to 26 weeks .. 

13 weeks or less, 

Worked at part-time job .•. 

50 to 52 weeks. 

40 to 49 weeks, .. 

27 to 39 weeks ... 

14 to 26 weeks .•. 

13 weeks or less .. ,. 

Head worked 1 to 49 weeks, total .... 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed.,,. 

Other ... 

Head did not work last year., 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled. 

Going to school., .. 

Unable to find work,. 

Retired,. 

Other .. 

Head in Armed Forces,. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

55.712 

45,146 

41.910 

34 ,195 

3,440 

2,036 

1, 454 

3,236 "' 

1 ,406 

"' '" '" 5" 

9, 545 

4,317 

5,228 

9,639 

2, 609 

1 ,941 

'"' 4,311 "' 

8" "' 

48,470 

40,820 

38,518 

31,836 

3' 133 

1, 765 

1 ,206 

S'8 

2,302 

1,047 

"' '" "' "' 

7 '937 

3,817 

4 '120 

6 '723 

2 ,215 

"' 

4 ,128 '" 

'" '" 

All ra<:es 

Below low-income 

luvel 

Percent 

Number of 

5,109 

2 ,691 

2,042 "0 

'" no 

"8 

'" "8 

'"' " '"' '"' "' 

1. 511 

8" '" 

2,390 

"' "' " '" "' " " 

2 '757 

1 '745 

1,447 

"' H8 

'" '" '" '" 99 

" " " " 

"' "' 

8" 

"' 

" "' " " 

total 

8., 

,.0 

.., 

'· 9 '-' 

11.3 

" 9 38. 1 

" 

14,1 " 

24,2 

21.5 

35.1 

15.8 

14.9 

16.6 

24.8 

27.1 

50. 1 

44,4 

55.0 

24.4 '·' 

'· 8 

5.' 

'· 3 3.8 

,_, 

.., 

8.6 

15.3 

27.7 

12. 9 

8. 5 

11.8 

13, 5 

15.5 

21.7 

10.8 

11.1 

10.1 

14.7 

22,5 

26.1 

36.4 

8.' 

21.2 

'-' 

Total 

49,451 

40,550 

37,865 

31,174 

3,033 

1 '175 

1 ,233 

'50 

2 ,684 

1 '192 3" 

355 

<03 

"' 

8,183 

3,674 

4,509 

8,088 

2,239 

1,436 

"' >50 

4,034 

'"' "' 

44 ,238 

37,367 

35,332 

29,387 

2,804 

1' 572 

1,058 

5U 

2,035 

8<3 

'" '" "8 

'" 

7,037 

3,341 

3,696 

6,058 

1 ,891 

" 3,880 "' 

8" " 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,482 

1' 935 

1, 531 

"' '" 

. ,248 '" 

'"' '" '" " 63 

" "' 

1 ,040 

"' 5" 

1 '524 

600 "' 

" 63 

33' 

" " 

2,185 

1,409 

1 '186 

"' '" '" >eo 

'" 333 

36 " 

" <5 

" 

'" 

3S' 

308 

n3 

356 

" 

333 " 

" " 

total 

'.o 

'· 8 0 

5 

... 

8.' 

20.1 

31.5 

15.0 

10.4 

10,3 

17.5 

18. 1 

27.7 

12.7 

12.3 

13.0 

·" 

20. 5 

41.8 

33.1 

41.9 

23.6 '·' 

3. 8 

3. 8 

3.9 

'-' 

<.O 

8.0 

15; 1 

24.3 

11,0 

8.5 

10.6 

8.< 

14.2 

17.3 

8. 5 

10,7 

8.3 

12.4 

18.9 

20.9 

33,0 

8. 3 

21.4 

'· 8 

Total 

5,498 

3, 993 

3,477 

2,558 

3" 

338 

m "' 

"' '"' " " " " 1 ,235 

"' "' 

1 ,419 

"' "' 60 

" 

3,558 

2,902 

2,665 

2,020 

'" '" "8 

" " " 38 

" 

"'' 

"' "' 

"' 

299 

, 

" '" " " 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

tl'umber of 

1 ,530 

"' "' '" 58 

58 

" " "' " " <0 

33 

" 

«O 

363 "' 

8>5 

355 '" 

'" " " 

506 

303 

,35 

"' " " " " " " 

" 

33 " 

" 95 

"' " " " , 

3 

total 

27.8 

17.8 

13.6 

'-' 

16.1 

25.6 

34.4 

71.3 

46,4 

37.6 

50,0 '"' 

41,8 

68,4 

35,6 

30.7 

39.9 

57.4 

54.3 

74,3 

(8) 

81.9 

22,0 

(B) 

3.' 

14,2 

10.5 

8.8 

5.6 

8.< 

21.7 

19,5 

(8) 

28.9 

18,8 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

21.9 

18.9 

25.1 

35.0 

43,9 

(B) 

20,5 '"' 

3.< '"' 
94 

Table 27. Work Experience of Head--Families and Unrelated Individuals by low-Income 

Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued (Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individunls as of March 1975) 

Work experience and sex of head 

!'AMILII::S WITit H:l!ALE l!£AJ) 

Total .. 

Head worked last year .. 

Worked at full-time job,. 

50 to 52 weeks .• 

40 to 49 weeks.,,,.,, •• ,,., 

27 to 39 weeks. 

14 to 26 weeks. 

13 weeks or loss, 

Worked at part-tima job,. 

50 to 52 weeks, . 

40 to 49 weeks •• 

27 to 39 weeks,., 

14 to 26 weeks ................•. 

13 weeks or less. 

Head worked 1 to 49 weeks, total .... 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unempl_oyed., ••.•. 

Other .... 

Head did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .. 

Keeping hnu""' 

Going to school.. 

Unable to find work. 

Retired, .. 

Other .... 

ALL UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total. 

Worked last year ... , 

Worked at full~time job, ... 

50 to 52 "¥'eks •.. 

40 to 49 weeks. . ........ . 

27 to 39 weeks ...•.. 

14 to 26 weeks .... 

13 weeks or less ............. .. 

Worked at part~ time job .... , .. , 

50 to 52 weeks ...... . 

40 to 49 weeks., .. , 

27 to 39 weeks .. , .. 

14 to 26 weeks,. 

13 weeks or less .. 

Did not work last year .. , .. ,, 

Main reason for not woiking: 

Ill or disabled, ... . 

Keeping bouse, .... . 

Going to school..,, 

Unable to find work. 

Retired. 

Other,, 

1n Armed Forces. 

See footnotes at end of table, 

Total 

7 ,242 

4 ,326 

3,392 

2,359 

'"' "' "' "' '" "' m 

"' "' 175 

1 '608 

000 

1 '108 

2 ,916 

1. '" 941 

" 99 

'" 

18,872 

11,475 

9,394 

6,628 

'" 

m "' 

2,081 "' 

8<0 

'" "' "' "' 

7,293 

2,155 

2,329 

"' '" 2,241 

'" '" 

All races 

Bel<N low-income 

level 

Percent 

Nun1ber of 

2,351 

'" "" 195 

" " '" 

30' "" 

'" " '" " '"' 

'" 

"' '" 

1,405 

'" '" " " " u 

4,820 

1 ,685 

9<0 

303 

'" ''" "' "' '" n 

" '" '" 

3' 130 

1 ,172 

'" "' "' "' " ' 

total 

32,5 

21.9 

17.5 

21.6 '·' 

22.6 

53,6 

67. 1 

37.7 

28. 1 

21.7 

43,7 

39,2 

61.7 

40,4 

39.3 

41.0 

48,2 

44,3 

50.1 

82,3 '" 

12.7 

(9) 

25.5 

14.7 

10.0 

'·' 9.' 

14,2 

30. 9 

57.2 

35,8 

24.1 

29.4 

32.5 

48.5 

58,0 

42,9 

54,4 

39,6 

83,0 

70.5 

28.4 

52.0 

'-' 

Total 

5,212 

3,183 

2,533 

1 '787 

"' '" "' 

650 "' 

"' 

1 ,146 

2 ,030 

348 

1 ,436 

" 

155 

" 

16,252 

9,835 

8,092 

5 '759 

"' "' '" 

1 '743 "' 

'00 

"' "' "' "' 

6,323 

1,655 

2,175 

"' 

2,045 

'" " 

Whl to 

Below luw-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1 ,297 

"' "' "' " " " " "' " ' " " 62 

3 '773 

1 ,325 

"' "' 

n " 

m 

'" "' "' " n 

"' "' 

2 ,443 

'" '" '" n 

'" n 

total 

24.9 

16. 5 

13,6 

'-' 

14.0 

17.6 

50.3 

58,3 

27.8 

17.3 

34.8 '·' 

32,9 

53.0 

32.6 

28.5 

34,3 

38.0 

29.3 

" (ll) '

9.' "' 

(ll) 

23.2 

13, 5 

u '"' 

'.' 12.8 

28,6 

54,9 

33.1 

21.0 

28.1 

30.9 

45,9 

54.2 

38.6 

47.3 

36.9 

84.7 

63.9 

27. 1 

49.3 

.., 

Total 

1 '940 

1,091 

'" 

'" '" 

"' 

2,347 

1,435 

1,145 

m 

"' " " " "'' "' " " " " 

003 

'" '" 30 

" 

' 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1 ,024 

"' "' " " " " 58 

"' 

99 

169 

615 

'" 

30< 

'" " 

,. " 

" ., 

" u 

" " " 

'" 

total 

52.8 

37,4 

29.3 

15.4 

41.8 

"' (9) 

"' 61.2 

53 .a 

(ll) 

(6) 

"' (B) 

60.1 

60. 8 

59.7 

72.4 

67.2 

74.3 

(9) 

(9) 

(9) 

(9) 

41.0 

21,2 

14,3 

9.0 

10.5 

22.8 

46.1 

(9) 

48,7 

35,4 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

(6) 

72.7 

77.8 

81.7 

(6) 

(6) 

43,9 

(6) 

(6) 
. ''· "~· 

95 

Table 27. Work Experience of Head--Families and Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income 

Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued (Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Work expc_r1ence and sex of head 

MALE .UNRELATED INDIV1DUALS 

Total. 

Worked last year, 

Worked at full-time job ..... 

50 to 52 weeks., •. 

40 to 49 weeks •.•• 

27 to 39 weeks ••• 

14 to 26 weeks,.,., 

13 weeks or lesa .•.. 

Worked at part-time job, 

50 to 52 weeks •. 

40 to 49 'Weeks •••• 

27 to 39 weeks. , . , 

14 to 26 weeks ••. 

13 weeks or less ... 

Did not work last year. 

Main reason for not working; 

Ill or disabled ... 

Going to school.,,., 

Unable to find work .... 

Retired ......... . 

Other .. 

In Armed Forces .•. 

f'EMALE UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total. 

Worked last year .... , 

Worked at full-time job .. , 

50 to 52 weeks ... . 

40 to 49 weeks., ..... , 

27 to 39 weeks •..•..... ,., ............. . 

14 to 26 weeks •......................... 

13 weeks or less ................. .. 

Worked at part-time job .. . 

50 to 52 weeks ... , 

40 to 49 weeks ... , .. 

27 to 39 weeks .... , 

14 to 26 weeks .... . 

13 weeks or less ..•. 

Did not work last year .. , .. ,. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ..... , 

Keeping house •.•. 

Going to school. ... 

Unable to find work. 

Retired .•...... 

Other •.....•.. 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

7,890 

5, 989 

5,201 

3' 511 

"' "' '" 254 

"9 

'" 109 

1 '797 

651 

"' 

"' 

I" " 

10,91!1 

5,485 

4,193 

3' 117 

"' 299 

"' I" 

1 ,293 

5<2 

183 "' 

218 

"' 

5,496 

1,504 

2,329 

131 

1,363 " 

" 

Number of 

1 ,607 

"' 531 

I" 

39 

" "' 1<0 

"' 

36 " 

26 

" " 

"' 

35' 

" 

2H " 

3,212 

969 

'" 119 

" 

102 

101 

"' "' 36 

102 

119 

2,344 

"' 922 

II< 

392 

total 

20.4 

13.6 

10.2 

'· 2 '-' 

11.4 

27.3 

55.1 

36.4 

21.7 

33.3 

27.5 

51.0 

61.8 

43.7 

54.9 

77.6 

68.1 

27.8 

56.5 

3.9 

29,3 

15,8 

9.B 

3.9 

10.0 

18.4 

36,6 

60.5 

35.5 

25.4 

26,4 

35.2 

46,8 

55.6 

42.7 

54.2 

39,6 

87.6 

72.7 

28.7 

48,0 

- Represents >:ero, B Base leas than 75,000. 

White 

Below tow-income 

level 

Tot a I Percent 

6,544 

5,032 

4 ,383 

2, 9R8 

"' 303 

360 

"' 600 

"' 101 

120 " 

102 

1,417 

'" " " 

" " 

9,708 

4 ,803 

3 '710 

2, 770 

301 

2<0 

"2 

IH 

1 ,093 

"9 

"' "' IS> 

196 

4,905 

1 ,205 

2' 175 

10< 

1 ,273 " 

90 

Number of 

total 

1,200 18.3 

649 12.9 

424 9. 7 

151 5. 0 

27 5. 7 

37 10.6 

92 25.6 

117 54.7 

225 34.6 

49 19.7 

34 33.9 

21 (B) 

57 47.5 

62 60.8 

546 ( 38.5 

209 46. 5 

62 81.0 

30 (B) 

208 27.0 

37 (B) 

4 4. 7 

2 ,573 

'" 3" 

" 

.. " 

93 

301 " 

26 " 

" " .. 1,897 

"' 903

3<0 " 

36 

26. 5 

14. 1 

9. 9 

3.0 

9.2 

16. 1 

32, 9 

55.3 

32,1 

21.7 

22.9 

32.1 

44.9 

50, 5 

38.7 

47.6 

36.9 

87.4 

(B) 

27.2 

44.7 

Negro 

Bel<>W low-Income 

level 

Total Percent 

1 ,171 

' 

31 " 

22 

3<1 

1 '176 

619 

"' 311 

.. 

33 

22 

193 " 

19 " 

" " " 

062 

290 

I" 

23 

90 "

Number of 

"' 

26 " 

10 ' 

" " " 3 

2 

19 

" 

22< 

139 

23 

22 

36 

"' " 

10 ' 

22 " 

100 

9 

13 

22 " 

433 

236 ' 

"' 20 

12 

" ' 

total 

29.9 

15.5 

12.0 

'·' '-' 

(9) 

'"' (9) 

38,6 

(9) 

(9) 

(9) 

(9) 

(9) 

65.6 

73.8 

'"' 

37.3 '"' 

(B) 

'"' 

51, 9 

28. 9 

18.0 

'-' 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

54,6 

44.6 

(B) 

(B) 

'"' (B) 

77. 1 

80.3 

81.7 

(9) 

(B) 

52.1 

(B) 
96 

Table 28. Family Members by Work Experience of Head--Persons in Families by Low-Income Status in 1974 

and Sex and Race of Head 

{Numbers in thousands. Persons in fam~l~e11 as of March 1975) 

Family members by work experience 

and sex of head 

ALL PERSONS IN FAMILIES 

Total. .••..••...•. ,,,,,, •..•....•.••. , 

Head worked last year .•.. , ..•.•. ,.,, ....... . 

50 to 52 weeks.,,, ...•..••.•.•..•.•. ,,,,,, 

Full time,,., •..••.••.••. ,,,,,, .••.•..•• 

1 to 49 weeks, .••.••..•. ,,, ... , .......... . 

Main reoson for working part year: 

Unemployed ••••• , • , , , •••••••••••••••••• 

ot~>.,r .• ·~ •••.•. , •. ,.,,.,,,,, •• ,,,., ••. 

Head did not work last year ................ , 

~1a1n reason for not worklng: 

Ill or disabled ................ , ....... . 

Keeping house, .. , .• , .. ,.,,,,, .. ,,,.,,.,. 

Going to school,,,,.,,,,., •• , ••• , .... ,,. 

Unable to find work .. , .... , ........... .. 

Other .•..•••• , ..••..•..•.•.••.. ,.,.,,,,, 

Head in Armed forces ........ , ............. .. 

PERSO:<IS IN FAMILIES WITH W.LE H&\D 

Total •. ,,,.,, ••••.••.••.• ,,, .. ,,,,, •. , 

Head worked last year ...................... . 

50 to 52 weeks .......................... .. 

Full time, ... ,, .. , .... ,,,, .. ,, .. ,,,.,.,, 

1 to 49 weeks. , , , , , , , • , , •• , • , ••• , •• , . , , , , , 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed .• ,,,,,,,,, •• ,,,,.,, •• ,, •• ,, 

Other.,,,,,,,,, .. , .. ,.,,., .. ,,.,,,,.,. 

Ilea;! did not work last year ......... , ....... 

Main reas<>n for not work1ng: 

Ill or disabled .. , ........... ,,,., .. ,,., 

Going to school, .. ,,., .. ,.,, .. , .. ,, .. ,,, 

Un:1ble to find ·:.ork.,, ................. . 

Other .•..•• ,,,,, ............... ,. .. , .. ,, 

Head in Armed forces .. ., ............... .,.,. 

PERSONS IN FAMILIES WITH FEIM.ll 11&\D 

Total, ....... ,,., .• ,,.,,,,, .. ,, .. , .. ,. 

Head worked last year ...... ., ............. .. 

50 to 52 week5,,,.,, .• , .. ,.,,,,,,,,, •• , •• , 

Full time., ... , .. ,,,,.,,,,,,,,, .. ,, .. ,., 

1 to 49 weeks, , , , , •• , . , , .• , ••.• , , , . , , , , , , • 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed .. , , , , , , , • , , •• , • , , • , , •• , , , .• 

Other,.,,.,,, •• , •. ,,,,,,,,, .••• , •• , •• , 

Head did not work la5t year.,., ... ,,,., ... ,, 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ........................ . 

Keeping hou5e .•...•. , •..•.•..•••..••.. , . 

Golng to school. .......... ,.,,, .. , .•..•• 

Unable to find work .................... . 

Other .•......•.. ,,, .. , ................ .. 

B Bas<> less than 75 1 000. 

Total 

190,471 

159,903 

128, 109 

124,023 

31,794 

15,320 

16,474 

27' 133 

8, 539 

6, 721 

"" 834 

10,478 

3,~36 

167' 227 

146,413 

119,800 

116,869 

26,613 

13,731 

12,882 

17,378 

6, 608 

'" 52' 

9,892 

3,436 

23,245 

13,490 

8,310 

7, 154 

5,181 

1, 589 

3, 592 

9, 754 

1,931 

6, 721 

"' "' 585 

All races 

Below low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

19,440 

11,040 

5,097 

4,297 

5,943 

2, 743 

3,200 

8,290 

2, 752 

3, 714 

"" 464 

1,110 

no 

10,877 

7,655 

3, 960 

3, 562 

3, 695 

2,049 

1,646 

3, 112 

1, 767 

204 '"' 1,020 

no 

8,563 

3,385 

1,137 

n5 

2,248 

1, "' 554 

5, 178 

3, '" 714 

"' '" 89 

total 

10.2 

4.0 '·' 

'-' 

18.7 

17.9 

19.4 

30,6 

32.2 

55.3 

44.6 

55,7 

10,6 

'·' 

8.5 5., 

'·' '.0 

13.9 

14.9 

12.8 

17,9 

27 .o 28.6 

39.0 

10,3 

'·' 

36.8 

25.1 

13.7 

10,3 

43,4 

43.7 

43.3 

53,1 

50.0 

55,3 

72.4 

"'.5 

15.3 

Total 

166,111 

141,820 

115,319 

112,027 

26,501 

t2' 793 

13,709 

21,312, 

6,364 

4,611 

"' 

9,482 

2,979 

150,632 

132,615 

109,532 

toG, 983 

23,084 

11,845 

11,239 

15,037 

5,366 

'" "7 

9,034 

2, 979 

15,480 

9, 205 

s, 787 

5,044 

3,418 

2,469 '" 

6,275 

4, '" 611 

'"' H5 

440 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

12,517 

7, 591 

3,699 

3,246 

3,891 

1, 903 

1, 989 

4, 838 

1, 521 

2, 112 

U7 

'" '" " 

8,238 

s, 944 

. 3, 190 

2,887 

2, 754 

1, 596 

t, 1511 

2,205 

1, 197 

54 

"' '" " 

4,279 

1,647 

509 

t, "' 138 

2, 633 

2, '" 112 

" " 50 

total 

'-' 

5.4 

3 ·' 

14.7 '"'

14.9 

14.5 

22.7 

23.9 

45,8 

34.1 

43 ,7 

'·' 3.0 

5.5 

4.5 

, .9 

, .7 

11.9 

13.5 

10.3 

14.7 

22.3 

22.3 

35.4 

9 .0 

'·0 

27.6 

17.9 

'·' '-' 

33.3 

32.3 

33,6 

42.0 

32.5 

45.8 

61.7 

72.0 

11.1 

Total 

21,440 

15,771 

to, 968 

10,226 

4, 803 

2,253 

2, 550 

5,333 

2, 055 

2,02:> 

"' "' 7,

"' 

13,956 

11,654 

8, 566 

8,221 

3, 088 

1, 626 

1,462 

1, 965 

1,138 

" 89 

'" "' 

7,485 

4, 117 

2;402 

2,006 

1, 715 

1,068 '" 

9" 

2, 025 

197 '"' 

'" 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

6, 506 

3, 215 

1, 329 

1,686 "' 

7" 

1, 143 

3,276 

1,189 

1, 551 

uo 

'" '" " 

2,320 

t, 522 

"' '" '"' 

'" '" 

"' 

5" 

" " "' " 

4, 186 

1, 692 

824 

1,078 '" 

"" '" 

2,493 

1, '" 551 

" 

total 

30,3 

20.4 

12.1 

9 ·' 39.3 

33.0 

44 .B 

61.4 

57.9 

76.6 

63.5 

81.6 

24.2 

... 

16.6 

13.1 

'"' 

26.2 '"' 

22 .4 

30,4 

39.6 

46.2 

(B) 

62.7 

22.9 

4.4 

55.9 

41.1 

25,6 

18.1 

62.9 

60,5 

64.2 

74.0 

69.9 

76.6 

83,1 

90.2 

31.2 
97 

Table 29. Children by Work Experienoe of Head--Own Children Under 18 and Under 6 Years Old by Low-Income status 

in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. own children as of March 1975) 

own children by work cx:perience 

and sex of head 

ALL CHIN CHILDREJII UNDER 18 YFARS 

Total,,.,,,,.,,, ..•• ,,,,,.,,,,,.,,, ... 

Head worked last year,. .• ,,,,,,,,,,,., ••••., 

50 to 52 weeks,.,.,,,,, • .,,.,,,,, .. , •• ,, •. 

Full time,,., •••••••••.•••• : ••••••••••.• 

to 49 weeks •. ,,,.,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed •• ,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,.,,, •• ,,, 

Other,,,.,,, •• ,,,,. ••••.,,,,,,,,, ,, ,, • 

Head did not work last year,, .•• , .•• , •••• , •• 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled •• ,, ............ ,.,,, ••. , 

Keeping house, ......... ,. .. , .. , .... ,, .. . 

Going to school., ...... , .... , ... , ...... , 

Unable to find work ................. ,,. 

Other, ........... "''''"'"" ......... . 

Head in Armed Forces,.,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,, 

CNIN CHILDREN UNDER 18 IN FAMILIES WITH 

MI\LE HEAD 

~otal ..•• , •••• , ••••••••• , •••••••• , •••• 

Head worked last year, .••• ,,, ••••••• , ••••••• 

50 to 52 weeks ........ , .. .,, .... , .. , .... .. 

Full time .............................. . 

to 49 weeks .• ,,,,,, ••• ,,,,,,,,, •••• ••••, 

Main reasoa for working part year: 

Unemployed,,,,,,,,,,,,, •• ,.,,,,,,,, •• , 

Other .•• ,,.,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,, 

Head did not work last year .. , ............. , 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled,, ... , ........ , ......... ·• 

Going to school, ......... , .. ,,, .... , ... , 

Unable to find work ..... , .... ,, .. ,., .. ,. 

Other ••• ,,,., ••• , •• ,,., ••• , •• , •• ,,, •• ,,. 

Head in Anned Forces .... , .... ·.; ...... : ...... 

ONN CHILDREN UNDER 18 IN FAMILIES WITH 

FEJdALE HEAD 

Total ............. , .................. . 

!lead worked last year ..................... .. 

50 to 52 weeks, •• , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , • , , , 

Full time, ............... ,,, .... ,, ... ,., 

to 49 weeks •. , •• ••••• ,,, , ,, •••••• ,, ,, ••• 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed.,,,,,,., •• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Other •. ,, •. , •.•••• ,,,, ••••••••• ,,, •••• 

Head did not work last year ............ , .. .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled,,, .................... .. 

Keeping house,., •• ,,., •• ,,,, •• ,.,, •• , •• , 

Going to school .• ,,,, .. ,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,. 

Unable to find work ............ , ...... .. 

Other,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,, •. ,,,.,,,, •••••• ,, , 

See footnote at end of table, 

All races 

Total 

62,733 

55,828 

44,956 

44 ,o3o 

10,873 

5,871 

5 ,oo1 

5,415 

1,622 

2,903 

196 

359 

335 

1,491 

53,507 

50,268 

41,957 

41,444 

8,311 

5,054 

3,256 

1, 749 

1,167 

186 " 

306 

1,491 

9,227 

5,561 

2,999 

2,585 

2,562 

., 

1 '745 

3,666 

455 

2,903 

W7 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

9,290 

5,534 

2,491 

2,136 

3,043 

1,451 

1,591 

3,702 

2,246 '" 

113 

257 

13, 

54 

4,425 

3,548 

1,870 

1, 717 

1,678 

1,034 

644 

823 

126 

54 

4,865 

1,986 

621 

1,364 '" 

"' '" 

2 ,sao 

375 

2,246 

84 

161 

13 

total 

14,8 

'·' 5.5 

28,0 '·' 

24.7 

31.8 

68,4 

58,4 

77,4 

57,9 

71.5 

41.5 

3.6 

8.3 

7.1 

'.5 '.1 

20,2 

20,5 

19,8 

47,1 

49,1 

32,6 

51,0 

41,1 

3.6 

52.7 

35,7 

20,7 

16,2 

53,3 

51.1 

54,3 

78,5 

82.4 

77,4 

79,0 

93,6 

(B) 

Total 

53,608 

48,939 

40,255 

39,598 

8,684 

4 '773 

3,911 

1,046 

1,831 

113 

188 

216 

1,275 

47,833 

45,307 

38,256 

37,850 

1,051 

4,285 

2, 766 

1,252 

856 

59 

133 

203 

1,275 

5,774 

3,632 

2,000 

1,747 

1,633 

<88 

1,145 

2,142 

"0 

1,831 

54 

54 

12 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

5,830. 

3 J 715 

1 '764 

1,573 

1, 952 

'"' 960 

2,074 

520 

1,308 

53 

115 

78 

" 

3,306 

2, 735 

1,485 

1,371 

1,250 

782 

"' 

530 

378 

16 

65 

71 

" 

2,525 

"1 27, 

203 

702 

"'0 

502 

1,544 

1<1 

1,308 

37 

" 7 

total 

10,9 

7.6 

4.4 

4.0 

22,5 

20,8 

24,5 

61,1 

49,7 

71,5 

46,8 

61.1 

36,2 

3.2 

6.' 

6.0 3., 

3.6 

17,7 

18,5 

16,6 

42,3 

44 ,2 

(8) 

49,0 

34,7 

3.2 

43.7 

27.0 

14,0 

11,6 

43.0 

41,0 

43,8 

72.1 

74.2 

71,5 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Total 

8,095 

6,064 

4,073 

3,820 

1, 991 

"4 

l ,017 

1,875 

1,036 "" 

156 " 

75 

156 

4,741 

4 J 194 

3,120 

3,023 

1,074 

648 

426 

. 391 

3,354 

1,870 

'53 

"" '" 

326 

591 

1,485 

261 

1,036 

53 

118 

16 

Percent 

Number of 

3,271 

1,700 

. 698 

533 

1,003 

401 

602 

1,561 

714 '" 

366 

328 

348 

184 

164 

246 

2 

30 

35 

" 

2,302 

'" 332 

206 

655 

217 

438 

1,315 

234 

"6 

., 

112 

6 

total 

40.4 

28,0 

17,1 

14.0 

50.3 

41.2 

59.1 

83,2 

76,7 

88,4 

(8) 

90,8 

54.3 

5.8 

20,4 

17,0 

11,7 

10,8 

32,4 

28.4 

38,5 

63,0 

64.8 

(8) 

(8) 

(B) 

5.8 

68,6 ' 

52,8 

34.8 

25,8 

71,4 

66,7 

74.0 

88,6 

89,4 

88,4 

(8) 

"'·' (B) 
98 

Table 29. Children by Work Experience of Head-·Own Children Under 18 and Under 6 Years Old by Low·lncome Status 

in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued · 

(Numbers in thousands, OWn children as of March 1975) 

Own children by work experience 

and sex of head 

ALL OWN CHJUJREN UNDER 6 YEARS 

Total,,, .•• ,,,.,, ••••...•... ,,, .•.••. , 

Head worked last year •.. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

50 to 52 weeks. , , , , , , , , , , • , , , , , , • , , , , , , , , . 

full time .. ,.,,,,,,,,,.,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,, 

to 49 weeks,.,,,.,,.,,.,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.,, 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed,,,,,,,,, •••••• , •• ,,,,,,,,,, 

Other, •• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,, 

Head did not work last year.,.,,,,,,,,,, ••• , 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled •• ,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Keeping house,,,,,.,,,.,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,, 

Going to school, ....... , .. , , , , , .. ., ... ,., 

Unable to find work ............... .,, .. . 

Other .• ,,, •••• ,,,,, ••••••••••••• ,,,, •••• 

Head in Anned Forces ... , .. , .... , ...... ,, .. ,, 

OWN CHILDREN UNDER 6 IN FAMILIES 

WITH MALE HEAD 

Total •. ,, •• ,,,,,,,,,., •• ,,,,,.,,,,,,,, 

Head worked last year.,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,., 

50 to 52 weeks .. ., .. , .......... ,,, .. , •.••. 

Full time,,, ................... , ...... .. 

l to 49 weeka,, ••.•.••• , •••••••••••••••••• 

Main reason for working part year: 

Unemployed, •••••• ,, ••• ,,,,,,,,,,,, ••• , 

Other,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, •• , •••• ,,., •• ,. 

Head did not work last year,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,,, 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled,., ..... ,,, .. ,, ...... ,, .. 

Going to school, ...... , ..... ., .. ., .... .. 

Unable to find work,, ...... , ....... ,,.,. 

Other, ••••• ,,, •••• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,, 

Head in Armed Forces, , , • , , , ••• , , , , • , •• , , , , , , 

OWN CHILDREN UNDER 6 IN FAMILIES 

WITH FEMALE HEAD 

Total,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,.,,,,.,,,., 

Head worked last year~.,,,, .. ,,,,,, .. ,,,,,,. 

50 to 52 weeks. ·••, ••••••• •••••• ,,,, ,, ,, , , 

Full time ..... , ....................... ,. 

to 49 weeks, ...... , ...... , .. ,""', .. ,,, 

Main reason for working part year; 

Unemployed,,,.,,,.,,., ••• ,,.,,,,, •• ,,, 

Other, .. ,, ........................... . 

Head did not work last year,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,., 

Main reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled, ............... , .. , .... , 

Keeping house,, •••••• ,,.,,, •• ,., ••• ,.,., 

Going to school, •• ,,.,,,,,.,,,,, ••• , •• ,, 

Unable to find work,.,, ........ "" ..... 

Other,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

B Base less than 75 1000, 

Total 

18,150 

16' 139 

12,526 

12,304 

3,613 

2,098 

1,516 

1,362 

,0, 

906 

10, " 

n 

648 

15,817 

14,870 

12,00<1 

11,855 

2,866 

1,857 

1,009 

"' " 34 

648 " 

2,333 

1,269 

"0 "' 

747 

>11 

, .. 1,063 

" 906 

34 

11 

7 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2, 926 

1, 787 

706 

619 

1,080 

l, 101 

793 "" 

" " " 38 

1,393 

1,193 

,79 

'" '" 

39, 

'" 

16, 

10, 

16 

'18 " 

38 

1,532 

"' "' " "' 

1<3 

"' 

939 

.., 

793 

" " 7 

total 

16,1 

ll,1 

'·' '·0 

29.9 

25.6 

35,8 

80,8 

72,0 

87,6 

55,5 

88,0 

(B) 

'·' 

'·' s.o 

.... 4., 

21.4 

21,3 

21,8 

"·3 

66,0 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

'·' 

65,7 

46,8 

24,4 

18,2 

62,4 

59,3 

63,8 

88,3 

(B) 

87,6 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

Total 

15,550 

14' 184 

11,249 

11,086 

2,935 

1, 736 

1,199 

'" 

130 

'" 36 

47 " 

'" 

14 '110 

13,362 

10,909 

10,786 

2,452 

1,601 

'" 

"' 

113 

" 33 

13 

'" 

1,440 

"' 339 

300 

<83 

"' 348 

"' 

18 

'" 13 

" ' 

White 

Below low-income 

Level 

Percent 

Number of 

t, 950 

1,275 

479 '" 

,.., 

38, 

363 

648 

86 

<90 

16 

41 

" " 

1,077 

939 

"' .. ,.. 

m 

319 

"' 

m 

" 8 

'1 

10 

37 

B73 

336 

" 

"' 

66 

"" 

" "0 

8 

" ' 

total 

12,5 

9.0 

<.7 

4.3 

25,5 

22,2 

30,2 

78,1 

66,3 

87,0 

(8) 

(B) 

(B) 

'·0 

7.6 

7 .o 

4.3 

4.0 

19,3 

19,9 

18,3 

52,7 

63,9 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

'·0 

60,6 

40,9 

18,5 

15,2 

56,6 

49,0 

59,5 

86,8 

(B) 

87 .o 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

Total 

2,276 

1,695 

1,081 

1,026 

"' 

"' "' 

"9 

331 " 

" " 19 

" 

1,403 

1,255 

90, 

879 

"' 

"' "' 

" 

37 

11 

16 ' 

" 

873 

<39 

178 

"' '" 

"" "' 

434 

331 " 

21 

'1 

3 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

479 "' 

170 

131 

309 

"' 107 

"' 

,,.. " 

20 

" 10 

7 

,64 

"' 106 

94 

116 

" " 

" 

" ' 

7 ' 

7 

"' "7 

" 36 

193 

77 

116 

393 

'B 

'" 18

,. 

3 

total 

40.2 

28.3 

15,8 

12.8 

50,3 

44,1 

57,2 

85,7 

(B) 

89,1 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

'·' 

18,8 

17.7 

ll.7 

10,7 

33,0 

30,0 

37,8 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

B.B 

74.5 

58.6 

36,4 

73,7 "·' 

13,5 

73,8 

90.7 

(B) 

89,1 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 
• 

99 

Table 30. "Working Mothers"--Women With Own Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Work Experience, and Race 

(Numbers in thousands. Mothers as of March 1975) 

Work experience of mother by age of 

own children 

ALL WOMEN WITH OWN CHILDREN UNDER 18 YEARS 

Total 

Total .• ,,, .•••••• , •.••••• ••·•·· • • • • • · • Worked last year.,,,, •.... ,, .••.• •,,,., •. ,., 

50 to 52 weeks,,,,, •••. ,,,,, •.•• ,,,,,, •••• 

Full time,, •• , .. , ••• , •.....••••....•••• · 

27 to 49 weeks,., •.• ,.,,, •.••• •.,,, •.••.•• 

1 to 26 weeks,., ••••.• ,., ••••.••••• ·•••• • • 

Did not work last year,,, •.••. ,.,,, .•.. ,,,,. 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house, •••.. ,,,, .•••• • •,,,, ••• ,,, 

Other •. ,,,, •.••• ,,,,,, •.••. • • •.,, ••• ,,,, 

Women With All Children Under 6 Years 

Total •••••••••.••••••••••..••••••••••. 

Worked last year,,., .•. ,,,,,,, •••• ,,,, ••••• , 

50 to 52 weeks •••••••••••••••••••.•••••••• 

Full time,,,, ••••••••••••••••• , ••••••••• 

27 to 49 weeks •• , ••••••••.•••••• ,,,, •••••• 

1 to 26 weeks,,,,,, .••• ,,,,,, •••• ,,,,,, •• , 

Did not work last year •.•••••••••••.••••••.• 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house,., •.•••••••••.•• ,,,,,,,, •. 

other ••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Women With Some Children Under 6 Years, 

Some 6 to 17 Years 

Total •••••••••••••••••••• ••••• • • • • • • · • 

Worked last year •••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

50 to 52 weeks •••.••••••••••••••••••.••••• 

Full time.,,, .•••••. ,,,,,, •.•• ,,,,,,,, •• 

27 to 49 weeks,,,., •• ,.,,, •••.••.• ,,,,,, •. 

1 to 26 weeks ................ -........... .. 

Did not work last year,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house, •• ,., •••••• , •• , ••• , ••••••• 

Other ..• , ••••••••••••••••••••• ,.,, •••••• 

Women With All Children 6 to 17 Years 

Total..,,.,,, .••• ,., •••••••• ,,,,,,,, •• 

Worked laat ,Year ......... , .......... , ...... , 

50 to 52 weeks, ••••• , , , , , • , , •• • •, , , , , , . , •• 

-Full time ...... , ............. •• ........ . 

27 to 49 weeks,,,,,., •• ,,,,,,,,., ••• ,,,,,, 

1 to 26 weeks ••. ,,,,,., •.••. ,,,,,,,., •• ,,, 

Did not work last year .••• ,., ••••••• ,,,,,, •• 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house, ••••••.••••••••• , .•••••••• 

other, ................................. . 

WIVES OF FAMILY AND SUBFAMILY HEADS WITH 

OWN CHIIIJREN 

Total 

Total. •.••. , ............ , ............ . 

Worked last year,,,, •.•• ,,,,,,, ••••••. ,,,,,. 

50 to 52 weeks ........................... . 

Full time,,., ••.••• , •••••••••••••••••••• 

27 to 49 we.,ks,,,,,, •• ,,,,.,,,, ••••• ,,,,,, 

1 to 26 weeks ••••• , ••••••••••••••••••• , ••• 

Did not work last year ••••• ,,,,,, •.••.•• ,,,, 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house,.,.,.,.,,,,,,,.,,., .• ,,,,, 

Other .... , ............ ,.', ..... , .• ,, .... . 

See footnote at end of table. 

Total 

30,543 

17,037 

8,375 

6,412 

6,161 

2,501 

13,506 

12,424 

1,081 

7,817 

4,209 

1,422 

1,166 

1,860 

9" 

3,608 

3,325 

28< 

6,593 

2,948 

1,217 

asS 1,151 

580 

3,645 

3,466 

"' 

16,132 

9,880 

5, 736 

4,358 

3,150 

904 

6,252 

5,634 

018 

25,433 

13,718 

6,565 

4,825 

5,050 

2,103 

11,716 

11,067 

6'9 

All races 

Below Low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3,677 

1,451 

"" 288 

589 

2,227 "' 

1, 794 

434 

1,014 

'" 61 

42 

1"' 

"0 

619 

1,127 

'82 

101 

61 

"' 135 

N5 

662 

8' 

1' 536 

6N 

"' 1"' 

"0 

"' 862 

"' 226 

1,570 

5" 

140 

202 " 

184 

1,039 

"' "6 

total 

12 .o 

8. 5 

5,0 

4.5 

'9. 7 

17,3 

16.5 

14.4 

40.1 

13,0 

9,4 

'-' 

,,6 

9.8 

16,2 

17.2 

14,9 

43,7 

17.1 

13,0 

8,, 

6,9 

12.8 

23,3 

20.4 

19.1 

46,4 

9,5 

6,8 

4.5 

4.2 

8.6 

14.8 

13.8 

11.3 

36.6 

6.2 

,,9 

'-' 

1.9 

4,0 

8.' 

8.9 

.., 

19.4 

Total 

26,321 

14,443 

7,025 

5,243 

5,244 

2,174 

11,877 

11,175 

W2 

6,615 

3,497 

1,161 

1,530 "' 

80, 

3,118 

2,947 

"' 

5,616 

2,432 

982 

688 9" 

m 3,185 

3,077 

108 

14,089 

8,515 

4,883 

3,623 

2, 741 

890 

5,574 

5,151 

"' 

22,959 

12,168 

5, 751 

4,113 

4,486 

1,931 

10,791 

10,281 

510 

Wh1te 

Below low-income 

level 

Percunt 

Number of 

2,385 

905 

256 

1"' 

"' 

1,480 "' 

1,280 

200 

., 

26, 

36 

" "' 110 

415 

"' 58 

N2 

238 

69 

43 

99 

'0 

504 

466 

39 

965 

404 

"1 

113 

162 

91 

561 

458 

103 

1,227 

401 

119 

81 

148 

133 

828 

N4 

82 

total 

9.1 

.., 

,. 

3. 5 

'-' 

12.5 

12.5 

11.5 

28.5 

10.2 

'-' 

'-' 

2.9 

,. 

13.6 

13,3 

12.1 

33.7 

13.2 

9.8 

,,0 

6,3 

10,2 

14,7 

15.8 

15.1 

36.1 

6,8 

'·' 3.1 

3,1 

5,9 

10.2 

10.1 

8.9 

24.3 

5,, 

3.3 

2.1 

2.0 

3.3 

6.9 

'-' 

'-' 

16,1 

Total 

3,684 

2,295 

1,186 

1,026 

8" 

204 

1,388 

1,024 

365 

1,007 

609 

'" 203 

280 

102 

398 

289 

110 

"' 469 

20' 

182 

"4 

98 

402 

"' 69 

1,805 

1,217 

641 "' 

"' 

588 " 

401 

186 

1,997 

1,294 

., 

504 

"' 143 

,03 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,219 

519 

158 

98 

208 

152 

W1 

46' 

234 

311 

124 

25 

60 " 

40 

"' 

"0 

66 

366 

140 

32 

.18 

45 

6' 

226 

180 

45 

543 

254 

102 

65 

104 

49 

288 

.., 

122 

295 

"' 25 

11 

46 

43 

"" 

,. 

45 

total 

33.1 

22.6 

13.4 

9.6 

25,5 

51.7 

50.5 

45.6 

64.1 

30.9 

20.4 

11.0 

'-' 

21.4 

39,2 

47.0 

41.5 

60.0 

42,0 

29,9 

15,5 

9.9 

27.4 

64.3 

56,2 

54,1 

(B) 

30.1 

20,9 

13.6 

10.1 

28.0 

52,1 

49,0 

41,6 

65,6 

14.8 

8,9 

3,, 

1.9 

9,, 

30,1 

25,6 

23,6 

35.7 
100 

Table 30. "Working Mothers"--Women With Own Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Work Experience, and Race-Continued 

Work experience of mother by age o:f 

own children 

WlVES OF FAMILY AND SUBFAMILY HEAI:S 

WITH CMN CHIUJREN--Continued 

Women With All Children Under 6 Years 

Total,,, ........ ,, ......... ,,, ....... , 

Worked last year, ••..•.• ,,, ........ ,,, .••.•• 

50 to 52 weeks ..• , •..•.••.•• ,,,,, .•. ,,,,,, 

FUll ti~>.e,,., •. ,, .• , .... ,, , , , , , , ., , , , , , , 

27 to 49 weeks •..•.• ,,,,,.,.,.,,,,, •.• ,,,, 

1 to 26 weeks .•••.• ,,,, •• , •••• ,,,, ••.••• ,. 

Did not work last year ................ ,, .. .. 

Main reason for not worlcin1:: 

Keeping house ..... , •. ,,,,.,,., •• ,,,.,, •• 

Other, •..• , •. , •••.••.• ,,,, .•.••. ,,,, .••• 

Women With Some Children Under 6 Years, 

Some 6 to 17 Years 

Total,, ••••.• ,,, •• , •• ,, •• ,,, •• ,,,,,,,, 

Worked .last year.,, ......... ,,,, .•.• ,,, .... . 

50- to 52 weeks •• ,,,,, ••• ,,,,,,, ••••• ,,,, .• 

Full time •.•.• ,, ..... , .. , ....... ,,,,., •• 

27 to 49 weeks, ....... , .. , ..... ,,, ...... ,. 

1 to 26 weeks,, •••• ,,,,,,, •• , •• ,,, .••.•• ,, 

Did not work last year ••.••• ,,,,,, ••••. ,.,,, 

Main reason for not. working: 

Keeping house., ....... ,., ........ ,, .•••. 

Other .••.• ,, •••.•.••• ,,, ••.••• ,., •.••••• 

Women With All Children 6 to 17 Years 

Tutal. ........ ,,, •.••.•. ,.,, •.•..• ,,,. 

Worked last year,,, •.••.• ,,,, ••..•. ,,, •..•.. 

50 to 52 weeks •.•.. ,,, •.••. ,.,,, ••.•.. ,.,, 

Full time.,,,.,, ...... ,,,,, ..... ,,,, •.•• 

27 to 49 weeks .•.••.• ,,, .••.••. ,,, •.••.••. 

1 to 26 weeks ... ,,, •...•. ,,,., •.••• ,,, .•.. 

Did not work last year,,,,, ..• ,,,,,, .•..• ,,. 

Main reason !or not working: 

Keeping house •. , •••.••.• ,,, .•••• ,.,.,, .. 

Other •.••.•.•••• ,., ••.•• , ••••.••••.••••• 

FEMAL£ FAMILY AND SUBFAMILY flliADS WITH 

OWN CHilDREN 

Total 

Total. ...... , ........... , ••• , ..... , •• , 

Worked last year .......... ,,, ....... ,. •.••.• 

50 to 52 weeks •..••• ,, •.•.• ,,,,,, •.•.••• ,. 

Full time • .,,. .. , .••. ,,,, ....... , .. ., ••. 

27 to 49 weeks, ...... ,., ......... ,,. ...... 

1 to 26 weeks .•• , , , , , •••. , , , , , , ••• , • , , , , , • 

Did not work last year,, •••.•• ,, •••••• ,,,,,, 

Main reason for not workinr:: 

Keeping house., ••• ,,,,,,., •. ,,,,, ••••• ,, 

Other, ... , ..... ,-.,,, •.••. , .. • • ..... • • • •. 

Women With All Children Under 6 Years 

Total., •.•.•.•• , •• , ........... ,.., ••.. 

Worked last year,., •.•.• ,., •.••.•• , ........ , 

50 to 52 weeks .•••.• ,, ..... , .. , ...... ,,,,, 

Full tizlle .............................. . 

27 to 49 weeks .• , , , , ••••. , , , •.•••• , , ..•..• 

1 to 26 weeks.,,, •••. ,,,, •••• ,,,,,, •.• ,,,. 

Did not work last year .................... ., 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house •••.• , .•. : ..... , ........ ,,, 

Other .... ,, .•.. ,,, .••. ,,,, •••••. ,,,, .••• 

See footnote at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Mothers as of March 1975) 

Total 

6,474 

3,392 

1,105. 

1,517 "' 

no 

3,082 

2,904 

"' 

5,643 

2,442 

,., 

,01 

.,. 

<90 

3,200 

3,089 

m 

13,317 

7,883 

4,461 

3,239 

2,579 

"2 

5,434 

5,074 

"' 

5,110 

3,319 

1,810 

1' 587 

1,111 

3" 

1, 790 

1,357 

432 

1,343 

"' "' 281 

3<3 

m 

"6 

421 

100 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

<Oo 

"' " 12 

" 

2H " 

;33 

102 

" 23 

" 

381 " 

"' "' 

,. " 

" 

3" " 

333 

" 

2,107 

920 

"' 193 

3" 

2<9 

1,188 

881 

306 

60, 

202 

" 30 

"' ., 

346 

"' " 

total 

25,8 "' 

9.< 

6,2 

<.2 

3.3 

0,3 

12,0 

11.9 

11,4 

25,9 

.., 

3,1 

2.0 

1,8 

3,, 

"' "' 

6.6 

14.1 

41.2 

27,7 

15.1 

12,2 

35.7 

62,6 

66.4 

64.9 

70,8 

45,3 

32.1 

14.5 

10,7 

37,0 

56.7 

65,8 

63.4 

75,2 

Total 

s, 760 

2,949 

938 

1,300 "' 

2,811 "' 

2;681 

130 

5,057 

2,122 

"' 009 

849 

<36 

2,935 

2,855 

•o 

12,141 

7,096 

3,976 

2,820 

2,337 

"3 

5,045 

4, 746 

299 

3 ,362 

2,276 

1,274 

1,130 

243 "' 

1,086 

89< 

193 

'" ;48 

223 

198 

230 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

322 

102 

12 

11 

41 

4B 

220 

1>6 

" 

423 

119 

3B 

22 

3B 

304 " 

289 

" 

4Bl 

lBO 

" 4B 

69 

43 

302 

,. 

33 

1,158 

ooo 

102 "' 

229 

139 

604 

036 

118 

300 

161 

" lB 

" 

194 " 

m 

" 

total 

. 5.6 

3. 0 

1.3 

1.0 

3 .2 

"' "' 

,,0 

26.9 

8.4 

0.6 

3.9 "' 

4,0 

9.o 

10.4 

10,1 

18,8 

4.0 

. 2. 5 

"' "' 3.0 

0. 0 

6.0 

0,, 

11.0 

34.4 

22.2 

10.8 

9.0 

30.2 

57:2 

60.2 

60.0 

61.1 

41.5 

29.4 

10.8 

B.1 

32,6 

65.3 

63.2 

64.3 

(8) 

Total 

lB8 

141 

" 

480 

"' 

124 "' 

92 

49 

210 

1B2 

28 

9H 

60B 

40, 

346 

210 

306 " 

203 

" 

1,687 

1,001 

008 

432 

343 

101 

680 

"' 239 

m 

260 

91 

BO 

111 

211 

148 

62 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

69 

26 

3 

1 

10 

13 

43 

31 

11 

91 

28 

3 

2 

10 

63 " 

49 

14 

135 

oO 

19 

26 

" " 

20 " 

924 

404 

133 

., • 162 

109 "0 

331 

1B9 

243 

99 

22 

14 

49 

28 

144 

B9 

" 

total 

12.9 

',4 

2,2 

0.8 

0,9 

(8) 

22.9 

22,0 

(0) 

18,1 

10.1 

2,2 

1,6 

10.9 

(8) 

30,0 

26,9 

50,0 

13 ,9 

9.0 

.., 

2.3 

12.4 

(B) 

24.5 

21.1 

(B) 

54.8 

40,4 

26.2 

20,1 

47.2 

72,2 

75.9 

74.0 

79,1 

51.6 

38.1 

24,2 

17.5 

44.1 

(8) 

68,2 

60,1 

(8) 
101 

Table 30. "Working Mothers"·-Women With Own Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income Status in 1974, 

Work Experience, and Race-Continued 

(Numbers '" thousands. Mothers •• of March 1975) 

AU races White . Negro 

Below low-income Below low-income ""'~ low-income 

Work experience of !'!Other Oy "" of level level lev~l 

""" children 'fatal Percent Total Percent Total Percent 

Number of Number of Number of 

total total total 

!"SMALE FAMILY AND SUBFA~ILY HEADS WITH OWN 

CHI WREN --c:>nt inued 

Women With Some Children Under 6 Years, 

Some ' to 17 Years 

Total. ... ,.,, .......• , ••.•......• , ••... '" 594 62.5 55' "' 57.1 , .. '" 71.4 

Worked last year •.••••••• , •.••••••••• , •••.••• 5Qe 231 45.7 310 "' 38.4 '" 112 58,3 

50 to 52 weeks,,,., •• ,,,,,.,, •••• ,,,,,,., •• "' " 27,4 '" 31 21,4 " " ,,, Full time •••••.•• ,.,., ••••••••••••••.•••• "' " 20.3 '" 22 17.1 " 16 ,,, 

" to 49 weeks.,,,,, •.•.• ,,,, .•.••• ,,,,,,,. 19' " 48,2 124 60 48,4 " 35 ,,, 1 to 26 weeks., ••••••.•••• , ••••••••• , •••••• 90 '6 84,4 41 28 '" 49 48 ,,, 

"" ""' work last year •••.••••• , ••••.••• , •••• 445 364 81,8 ,,. ,.. 80.0 "' 163 84,9 

Main reason fo< oo< working: 

Keeping house •••••••••••••••.• , ••••••.••. 300 309 82,0 "' 178 80.2 151 131 86,8 

Ott>er •.•• ,,, ,, •. , •.•.• ,, ,, ••..•• ,, ,, , ..•• 68 55 ,,, 28 23 ,,, 41 32 (6) 

Women With All Children 6 <o " Years 

Total. ••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••• ,, •• 2,815 905 32.1 1,948 484 24,8 832 40, 48.9 

Worked last year •••.••.• ,,, •••••.•••••••••••• 1,997 m 21.4 1,418 224 15,8 549 194 35.3 

50 <o 52 weeks.,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,., 1,274 168 13,2 ,., 82 9.0 345 83 24.1 

Full time ................................ 1,119 126 11.3 803 65 8.1 295 58 19,7 

" to 49 weeks ............................. "' "' 30.6 404 93 23,0 161 78 48.4 

1 tO 26 weeks .••.•.•••••••••••••••••••••••• 152 83 54.6 ,., 49 45.8 43 33 (6) 

"" ""' work last year ••••• , •••••••.••••••••• '" "' 58,4 529 "' 49,0 282 "' 75.5 

Main reason fo< ""' working: 

Keeping house.,,,,,,,, •••• ,,,,,,,,, •• ,,,, 560 305 54.5 406 188 46,3 148 111 75.0 

Other ..•. ,,.,,, ••. ,,,,, .•••• ,.,.,,,,,., •• 258 lT.3 67.1 124 " 57,3 134 102 76.1 

B Base less than 75,000. 
102 

Table 31. Age of Own Children by Work Experience of Mother--Own Children Under 18 Years Old by Low-Income 

Status on 1974 and Race of Mother 

(Numbers in thousands, Own children as of March 1975) 

Age of own children by work 

experience of mother 

ALL OWN CHILDREN 

Totnl 

Total •...•....•.....•..... ,, .••.•..... 

Mother worked last year ..•.. , .............. . 

50 to 52 weeks ...•................ ,., ....• 

Full time .• ,.,, .••..... -•. , .. , .....•... • • 

27 to 19 weeks ...•.• , .•.. ,, ..• , ....... ,,,, 

1 to 26 weeks •• ,,, •••••••• ,., •••••••••• ,., 

Mother did not work last year .......... , .•.. 

Main reason for not working; 

Keeping house.,,, .••........••........• , 

Other .•......••... ,.,,, ......•.. , ....•.. 

Children Under 6 Years 

Total •..•....••... , .•..••...••. -•••...• 

Mother worked last year ...••..•...••.•.•.... 

50 to 52 week.<; ...•.••••••...•••••••••...•• 

Full time .. ,,, .••••....•..•.. '..••.•.• , .• 

27 to 49 weeks ..•••••....••• : ••...•..••..• 

1 to 26 weeks .••..... , , ...•...•. , . , , . , ... . 

Mother did not work last year ............. .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house •.•. ,., ••..•....•.•.•...•.. 

Other .•....... , .•..•..•. , ..•.••.•••. , •.. 

Children 6 to 14 Years 

Total .. ,, .•..•.. ,, .••...•. ,.,., .....•. 

Mother worked last year ................... .. 

50 to 52 weeks •... ,, ......•..•. , . , ...••. • • 

Full time •..•.•..••.• , ..•...•.. • • · · · ·· · · 

27 to 49 weeks .....••.•......•••••.•..•... 

1 to 26 weeks , .•.......... , ...••..... , ••.. 

Mother did not work last year .............. . 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house .• , .•....... , •.......•.. , .• 

Other .. ,,,, ........ , .• , ...•. ,.,.; ..••..• 

Children 15 to 17 Years 

Total., ....••..••• ,, .••..••... ,, .•••.• 

Mother worked last year •.•••...••.•...••••.• 

50 to 52 weeks •.•. ,.,, •... ,, .••••....• •. • • 

Full time., .••••...•••..•...•.•.•..•.... 

27 to 49 weeks •••.•.•.........•••.•....•.. 

1 to 26 weeks ..•..•.••...•..•..•••.....•.• 

Mother did not work last year •...•.•.••...•. 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house ..•.. , , .•..••. , .••••••...•• 

Other., •...•...•••. ,, ....•. ,,,, ••• , •..•• 

O.VN CHILDREN IN HUSBAND-WIFE FAMILIES 

A~D SUBFAMILIES 

Total 

Total •...•..•••••..•..••• ···•·•·•· • ••· 

Mother worked last year .................... . 

50 to 52 weeks, ..••.....• ,, .•..•..• ,, ••.•. 

Fullti~ •..•.•.•.......••......•.••••.• 

27 to 49 weeks ........................... . 

1 to 26 weeks .. ,, ....•.. , .•..•...... , .••.• 

Mother_ did not work l.a.<;t year ..••..••....•.• 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house •......••...... , .••.....• •. 

Other ..•........•....... ." ..•.•••.••..••• 

See footnote at end table. 

Total 

63.337 

33,690 

15' 991 

11,854 

12,427 

5' 271 

29 ,6<17 

27,497 

2' 150 

18,896 

8,930 

3,074 

2,357 

3,838 

2,018 

9,966 

9' 373 

'" 

33,001 

17,975 

8, 998 

6 '575 

6,156 

2' 521 

15,026 

13,906 

1' 120 

11,440 

6' 785 

3,920 

2, 921 

2' 133 

m 4' 655 

4,218 

436 

53,076 

27,491 

12 '760 

9,053 

10,310 

4,421 

25' 585 

24 '303 

1' 283 

All rac'eR 

llelow low-income 

LL·vel 

Percent 

Number uf 

9,443 

3 '517 

l ,041 

m 

1' 3811 

1' 093 

5 '926 

4 '977 

9>0 

3,093 

1,061 

208 

"' "' 391 

2,032 

1 '752 "0 

5,042 

1 '918 

514 

500 

7,2 

553 

3' 123 

2,604 

"' 

1,309 

"' 218 

"' 171 

"' "' 

622 

148 

<l ,371 

1 ,418 

38' 

"0 '" 

109 

2,953 

2,661 

"' 

total 

14.9 

10.4 

6,5 

'-' 

11.1 

20.7 

20.0 

18.1 

44 .2 

16.4 

11.9 

6.8 

5.9 

12.0 

19.4 

20.4 

18.7 

47.1 

15.3 

10.7 

6.8 

6.1 

11,6 

21.9 

20,8 

18.7 

46.4 

11.4 

7.9 

5.6 

4.6 

8.0 

20.4 

16.6 

14. 7 

33.9 

'"' 5. 2 

3 .o 

2 .s 

5.1 

11.3 

11.5 

10,9 

22.8 

Total 

53,838 

28,088 

13' 186 

9,455 

10,4112 

11,460 

25,750 

24,430 

1,320 

15 '990 

7,339 

2,474 

1 '840 

3,142 

1 '721 

8,652 

8' 294 

350 

28,033 

14' 984 

7' 389 

5' 179 

5,459 

2' 136 

13,049 

12,358 

691 

9' 815 

5,765 

3,323 

2,436 

1' 840 

602 

4,050 

3,777 , 

47,534 

24' 134 

11,043 

7,575 

9,085 

4,006 

23,400 

22,437 

9" 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

lllimbcr of 

5,893 

2 :o47 

619 

519 

,830 

1598 

3_, 846 

3,444 

902 

2,017 

650 

130 

93 "0 

1' '" 367 

1' 241 

126 

3' 126 

1' 108 

"' 

~50 

"' 

2,0,18 '" 

1' 800 

219 

750 

289 

112 

71 

109 

68 

960 

403 

" 

3' 297 

1,031 

"' 198 

37!? 

336 

2,266 

2, lOS 

100 

total 

10.9 

7.3 

4. 7 

1.9 

7.9 

13,4 

14,9 

14.1 

30.5 

12,6 

8.9 

5.3 

5.1 

8.9 

14,0 

15.8 

15.0 

35.4 

11.2 

7.4 

5.1 

4.8 

8.1 

13.5 

15.5 

14.6 

31.7 

7.6 

5.0 

3.9 

2.9 

5.9 

11,3 

11.4 

10.7 

20.6 

6.9 

9.2 

2.9 

2.6 

4.1 

8.1 

9. 7 

9.4 

16.6 

Total 

8,399 

5,001 

2,449 

2,096 

1 '793 

759 

3,398 

2,601 

797 

2,551 

1,415 

532 

968 

619 

269 

1' 137 

905 

232 

4,377 

2,661 

1,382 

1' 196 

917 

363 

1' 715 

1,301 

419 

1,471 

925 

535 

931 

263 

127 

596 

395 

150 

4 '556 

2,832 

1,417 

1' 225 

1,044 

371 

1' 724 

1,433 

291 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

3' 359 

1,418 

408 

247 

529 

481 

1 '941 

1,394 

598 

1' 013 

397 

79 

96 

170 

199 

611 

960 

156 

1,809 

778 

228 

1<2 

298 

253 

1,031 

730 

300 

538 

242 

101 

58 

62 

80 

296 

204 

92 

925 

356 

60 

26 

143 

153 

569 

438 

132 

total 

40,0 

28.4 

Hi. 7 

11.8 

29.5 

63.4 

57.1 

53.6 

68.8 

39.7 

28.1 

14.8 

9.8 

27,7 

55.4 

54,0 

50.8 

67,2 

41.3 

29.2 

16.5 

11.9 

32.5 

69.7 

60.1 

56.1 

72.5 

36.6 

26.2 

18.9 

13.5 

23,6 

63,0 

54.2 

51,6 

61.3 

20.3 

12.6 

4.2 

2.1 

13.7 

41' 2 

33.0 

30.6 

45.4 
':·· 

103 

Table 31. Age of Own Children by Work Experience of Mother--Own Children Under 18 Years old by Low-Income 

Status in 1974 and Race of Mother-Continued · 

(Numbers in thousands, Olin children as of March 1975) 

Age of own ch lldren by work 

experience of mother 

OWN CHI WREN IN HUSBAND-WIFE FAMILIES· 

AND SUBFAMILIES--Continued 

Children Under 6 Years 

Total ••....••....... ,.,.,, ...•...••.•• 

Mother worked last year .................... . 

50 to 52 weeks,,,,,, ••..•....•. ,,,,,,,.,., 

Full time .•.••••••••••••...••..••••••••• 

27 to 49 weeks,, .. ,.,,,,, ...•.•..• ,.,,,,,, 

1 to 26 weeks •..•..••..•.••.••...•.•••.••• 

Mother did not work last year •••..••• ,,,,,,. 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house,,,,,,, ......•..• ,.,,,.,, •• 

Other .••...•••••••••.••..••.•.•••.•...•. 

Children 6 to 14 Years 

Total ....••. ,,,,,,., ..•••..• ,,,,, ..••• 

Mother worked last year,,,,., •...•. ,,,,,,,,, 

50 to 52 weeks,,,,,,, .•..•••..•••••• ,, •••. 

Full time,,,,.,,, .•••... ,,,,.,,, •••..• ,, 

27 to 49 weeks ...••.• , •. , .•.•..••.• ,,,., .. 

1 to 26 weeks, ....•..•••. ,,., .••.•••.•••• , 

Mother did not work last year .•.••.•• , .. ,.,. 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping bouse ••• ,,,,, .•••. ,.,,,,, ..••.•• 

Other,,,,,, ..•••...• ,,,, •..•••... ,,,,,,, 

Children 15 to 17 Years 

Total ••.•..••• ,,,, .•....••••••••••.••. 

Mother worked last year,,, ••..•••.••• ,,,,.,. 

50 to 52 weeks,.,,, .••..••.. ,,,,., .••..•.. 

Full time,,, ..••..•..•••..••.•...••••••• 

27 to 49 weeks,,,, ••.•..•. ,,,,., •...•. ,.,, 

1 to 26 weeks .• ,,,,,,, ..•••.••••••.••..••. 

Mother did not work last year, •• , .•. ,,,,,,,, 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house.,,,., •. ,.,,, ••• , ••..• ,, •• , 

Other .. , ••• ,, •••.. ,,, ••••.••...• , •• , •••. 

OWN CHILDREN IN FAMILIES AND SUBFAMILIES 

W I TH A FEMALE HEAD 

Total 

Total. •••. , ............. ••·· ••.••.•••• 

Mother worked last year .•....•. ,,, ..•....•.. 

50 to 52 weeks,,,,,,,,,,,, .....•..•.•.. ,,, 

F"ull time,, ..••...••..•..••.••••••...... 

27 to 49 weeks .••..• ,., .....•... ,,,, .. , •.• 

1 to 26 weeks .••••••...•..•••..••.•...•..• 

Mother did not work last year .............. . 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house •.•. ,,, .•..•••. • •., ....•... 

Other ...•... ,,,, ..•..••••••. ··•· .•.••.•• 

Children Under 6 Years 

Total •. : ..••.•••..•...•...•••.•..•...• 

Mother worked last year .................... . 

50 to 52 weeks, .•...•••.••. , ..•...• ,,,,,,, 

FUll time ...•••.••••••..•...••. ,., .•...• 

27 to 49 weeks •••..••.•.•••...•.••••••••.• 

1 to 26 weeks .•.• , • , ..••..••. ·, , , , • , .•••..• 

Mother did not work last year .............. . 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping bouse, .. , •.•.•. , , • , .••.•. , . , . , . , 

Other ..••••••••.. ,,,,, ..•...•.•.• ,,.,,,. 

See footnote at end of table, 

Total 

15.933 

7,304 

2,452 

1,818 

3. 144 

1, 707 

8,629 

8. 256 

"' 

27.547 

14,628 

7,149 

4,970 

5,351 

2,128 

12,919 

12. 283 

8" 

9,59:5 

5,559 

3' 158 

2,266 

1,815 

5" 

4,036 

3,763 

273 

10,262 

6' 199 

3. 231 

2,801 

2,117 

850 

4,063 

3,195 

"' 

2,962 

1,626 

6" 

54> 

89< 

3W 

1,336 

1 ,117 

"' 

1\ll races White Negro -

De low -~--~--~~----+--~~---- Low-1ncome 

l~·vcl 

Percent 

Number of 

1,418 

'" n 

49 

'56 

178 

1,014 

902 

llO 

2. 294 

"' 227 

126 

"' 253 

1, 529 

1, 392 

136 

859 

"9 

91 

53 

90 

410 " 

366 

43 

5,072 

2,099 

652 

0<8 

854 

593 

2,973 

2,317 

656 

1, 675 

"' 138 

90 

306 

213 

1,018 

8<9 

168 

total 

8.9 

5.5 

2.9 

'-' 

5,0 

10.4 

11.8 

10.9 

29.4 

8.3 

5.2 

3.2 

2.5 

5.3 

11.9 

11,8 

11.3 

21.4 

; 

6,9 

4 .5 

2.9 

2.3 

5 .o 11,6 

10.2 

9. 7 

15,8 

49.4 

33.9 

20.2 

16,0 

40.3 

69.8 

73,2 

72,5 

75,6 

56,5 

40.4 

22.2 

16.6 

44.1 

68.7 

76.2 

76,0 

76.7 

Tot a I 

14' 227 

6,327 

2,066 

1,478 

2. 709 

1,552 

7. 900 

7,625 

275 

24,673 

12,858 

6,164 

4,110 

4,761 

1, 933 

11,814 

11,328 

"' 

8,634 

4. 949 

2,814 

1, 987 

1,614 

521 

3,685 

3,484 

201 

6,304 

3. 954 

2, 143 

1,879 

1,357 

454 

2,350 

1, 993 

"7 

1, 762 

1,012 

408 

361 

"' 189 

751 

6n 

81 

!Jel<>w l<>W-incnme 

level 

Percent 

:-<umber of 

1,100 

299 

63 

15 

107 

129 

SOl 

1, 730 

559 

192 

ll3 

200 

167 

1,171 

1, 104 

" 

"' 173 

70 

40 

63 

" "' 

2,596 

1 017 

294 

218 

<81 

262 

1,580 

1,339 

240 

917 

352 

67 

173 " 

ll2 

565 

513 

50 

total 

7. 7 

4. 7 

3 .o 

3,0 

3,9 

8.3 

10,1 

9.5 

26,5 

7 .o 

4.3 

3.1 

2. 7 

4. 2 

8.8 

9. 9 

9. 7 

13.8 

5.4 

3.5 

2.5 

2.0 

_3.9 

7. 7 

8,0 

7.8 

10.0 

41,2 

25.7 

13.7 

11.5 

34.0 

57,7 

67.2 

67.2 

67,2 

52.0 

34,8 

16.4 

13,3 

40.0 

66,3 

75.2 

76.5 

61,7 

Total 

1, 376 

812 

323 

293 

357 

132 

564 

2. 355 

1,492 

800 

700 

515 

176 

863 

825 

529 

293 

232 

172 

64 

296 

236 

so 

3,843 

2, 169 

1' 032 

8n 

"' 388 

1, 674 

1,167 

507 

1,175 

603 

208 

175 

257 

138 

572 

435 

138 

Below low-lncome 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

266 

96 

8 

483 

190 

35 

13 

77 

78 

293 

"3 

70 

176 

n 

17 

8 

26 

28 

105 

82 

,.. 

2,434 

1,062 

347 

"1 

386 

329 

1,372 

956 

416 

745 

303 

n 

42 

130 

102 

444 

327 

ll6 

total 

19,3 

ll,8 

2.5 

1,4 

11.2 

35.6 

30,3 

2~.3 

40.4 

20,5 

12.7 

4.4 

1.9 

15.0 

44,3 

34.0 

30.7 

51,1 

21.3 

13.4 

5.8 

3.4 

15.1 

35,5 "' 

34.7 

(8) 

63,3 

49.0 

33,6 

25.4 

51.6 

84.8 

82,0 

82.0. 

82.1 

63.4 

50,2 

34.1 

24.0 

50,6 

73,9 

77,6 

75,2 

84.1 
104 

Table 31. Age of Own Children by Work Experience of Mother--Own Children Under 18 Years old by Low-Income 

Status in 1974 and Race of Mother-Continued 

{Numbers in thousands, Own children as of March 1975) 

Age of own children hy work 

experience of mother 

CM'N CHILDREN IN FAMILIES AND SUBFAMll,IES 

WITH A FEMALE HEAD--Continued 

Chll<lren 6 to 14 years 

Total •...•••..••..••••...••..••..•••.. 

Mother worked last year •• ,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,, 

50 to 52 weeks , , , •• , , ••• , • , ••••••••••••••• 

Full time •••..•••••••.•••••..• : .•••...•• 

27 to 49 weeks ••••••••• ,, •• ,,,,.,.,,.,, •• , 

1 to 26 weeks: •••..•...••••...•.. , •...• , , , 

Mother did not work last year, .. ,,,,., ••••,, 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house •••••••.••.••...••.••••.••• 

Other •.. , ••..••..•• ,, •••••• • • • • · • • • • • • · • 

Children 15 to 17 Years 

Total.,, •• ,,,.,,,.,,.,,,,,,,,,,.,;,,., 

Mother worked last year ••• , •• ,, ••••••••••..• 

50 to 52 weeks •••••••••••••.•••.••.••••..• 

rutlt~ .•.••..••.••••.•.•••••.•••••••• 

27 to 49 weeks,,.,,., .....•••..••.•••..•• , 

1 to 26 weeks •• , •.••••••.••••..••.• , .. , • , , 

Mother did not work last year ............. .. 

Main reason for not working: 

Keeping house, , , • , , , •• , , • , •••••.•••• , , , • 

Other •....•••..•••••.•••••. ··• • • • • • • • • • · 

B Base less than 75,000, 

Total 

5,454 

3,346 

1, 848 

1 ,605 

1, 105 

393 

2,108 

1, 623 

"' 

1,845 

1, 227 

762 

6" 

3>8 

1<7 

619 

"' >63 

All race:; 

fielow low-Income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2, 748 

1,153 

387 

274 

467 

299 

1' 595 

1,211 

383 

6;Q 

288 

127 

83 

81 " 

361 

2;s 

'"' 

total 

50.4 

34,5 

. 20,9 

17,1 

42,3 

76,1 

75,7 

74 .6 

79,0 

35,2 

23.6 

16,7 

12.7 

25.5 

55.1 

58,3 

56,3 

64,4 

Total 

3,360 

2,126 

1, 225 

1,069 

687 

203 

1' 235 

1, 030 

206 

1,181 

817 

448 ''" 

226 

8l 

364 

293 

71 

ll'h1 te 

llelow low-income 

level 

Percent 

St1n1ber of 

1,396 

'" 186 

137 

"' 122 

848 

696 

m 

283 

116 

42 

31 

" 29 

167 

130 

37 

total 

41,5 

25,8 

15.2 

12.8 

34 ,6 

60,1 

68,7 

67.6 

73.3 

24.0 

14.2 

8.2 

6.8 

20.4 

35.8 

45,9 

44.4 

(B) 

Total 

2,022 

1,170 

,81 

496 

<01 

187 

8'2 

'" 279 

6<6 

387 

242 

200 

91 

63 

2<8 

1;8 

91 

llelow low-income 

!eve I 

Percent 

Number of 

1,326 

"8 

183 

129 

221 

738 "' 

232 '" 

362 

171 

84 

, " 

191 " 

'23 

68 

total 

65,6 

50,3 

33,2 

26.0 

55,1 

93,6 

86.6 

88,3 

83.2 

56,0 

43,1 

34,7 

25.0 

38.5 

(B) 

76.7 

77,4 

74.7 
105 

Table 32. Educational Attainment--Low-Income Status in 1974 of Family Heads 25 Years Old and Over 

by Race and Sex and Unrelated Individuals 25 Years Old and Over by Sex 

INumbers in thousands. Families antl unrelated indivi<luats as of liTnrch 19751 

fulal 

ll<:low low-income 

Year~ of school completed 

Total Percent 

FAMILIES 

All Races 

Total .......•....... , .•••..... ,,. 

Elementary school, total.,,,, ..••..•..... ,., 

Less than f! years •• , •• , ••••••••••• , ••• , ••• 

8 years .....•.... :,,,,., .••...•..•••..•••. 

High school, total ..... , •.. ,., ......• , .••••• 

1 to 3 years., ..... ,.,.,,., ........ ,,, ... . 

4 years ..... , .••. , ••......••.. ,., .•.•...•. 

College (1 year or more) ....•.....•....•.•.. 

Median years of school completed ..••..•.••.. 

Percent not a hir:-h school gra<luate.; ...•..•. 

White 

Total ••..••......••.•... , .••..•...••.• 

Elementary school, total ••• ••••· •••.••....•• 

Less than 8 years., •.••.• , .••...•..•..•... 

R yea.-s •..•••• , •.......•...•.• • • · · · • • • • · · • 

Hi!l"h school, total .•.••.•••...••..•.••••.... 

1 to 3 yea.-s ••• ,., .••..•••..• ,,,, •...••• ,. 

<I _years ••...•...•••.••...••..••..•...•••.. 

Coller:e (1 year or moreL ................. .. 

Median years of school complete<i .•..•••..••• 

Percent not a high school g.-aduate •..••••..• 

Total •.•••.•.••..•...•••..••.••..•.••• 

Elementary school, total .•.•.•...•.•.•..•.•. 

Less than R years ..•.......••...•....•...• 

8 years ••.......•.....••••..•.•.•...•••. ·· 

High sch()()l, total ..•.••..•......•. , ...•.•.• 

1 to 3 years ..•..•••.•...••......••... ,, •. 

4 years ..•..•.•••.•...••.•••... , ••....••.• 

College (1 year or more) ••..••••.••••.• , .••• 

Median years of school completed .....•. ,,, .• 

percent not a hl!l"h school graduate ...••.... , 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Totial ..•..•..........•.....•..••..••••• 

Elementary school, total., ...•..... , .•...• ,. 

Le5s than fl years •...... ,,,, ....•...• ,.,., 

8 years .•...•....•........ , ..•...•.. ,, .... 

High school, total .••.•.•.••.. ,., ..•....•.. , 

1 to 3 years •.•......• ,,,,, •..••.•••. ,, ... 

4 years .... , ..•• ,.,., .•...••..• ,., •...•••• 

College (1 year or more) ....••...•..•.... , •• 

Me<lian years oi school completed .....••.. , .. 

Percent not a high school graduate ..••...... 

X Not applicable. 

51,488 

11' 219 

5,977 

5 '242 

25,154 

7,940 

17,214 

15,114 

12.4 

37.2 

45,877 

9,420 

4,633 

4,787 

22,375 

6,698 

15,678 

14,081 

12,4 

35.1 

4,RR9 

1,686 

1' 271 

41' 

2,499 

1 '163 

1 ,336 

204 

11.0 

58,3 

15 '907 

4' 922 

2, 809 

2,114 

6,575 

2,347 

4, 228 

4,409 

12.2 

45.7 

'For unrelated individuals, sox of the individual. 

Number of 

4,376 

1 ,R73 

1 '275 

598 

2,036 

1,011 

1 ,026 

466 

9.9 

65,9 

3' 012 

1 '294 

"' m 

1,330 

"' 245 

'" 

10.1 

62.4 

1,275 

54' 

"' 106 

6" 

"' '52 

" 9. 2 

75.1 

3, 872 

2 ,ooo 

1,308 

692 

l ,354 

648 

206 

"' 

'-' 

68.4 

total 

'-' 

16.7 

21.3 

11.4 

8.' 

12.7 

6.0 

'-' 

"' (X) 

6.6 

13.7 

17.6 

10.0 

5. 9 

8. 2 

4.8 

2.8 

(X) 

(X) 

26.1 

32,4 

_34. 7 

25,6 

26.7 

35.3 

19.2 

8.4 

(X) 

(X) 

24.3 

40.6 

46.6 

32.7 

20.6 

27.6 

16,7 

11.7 

(X) 

(X) 

,\\ulc lucad 1 

Below low-inC()me 

level 

Total Percent 

44' 989 

9,497 

4,945 

4 ,551 

21,559 

6,582 

1'1,977 

13,932 

12.<1 

35.7 

41,103 

8,207 

3, 954 

4,253 

19,803 

5,859 

13,945 

13,091 

12.5 

34.2 

3, 245 

1' 200 

929 

220 

1 ,517 

655 

eo2 

528 

10.9 

57.1 

6' 239 

1 '753 

1' 106 

6<8 

2,395 

2" 

1' 604 

2,089 

12.4 

40.8 

Number of 

2,471 

1 '226 

8<4 

'" "' 

sn "' 

"' 9.' 

(i6.7 

1 '956 

9)2 

580 

332 

773 

"' "' 27~ 

63.0 '·' 

"' 

'" 250 

139 " 

" 48 

" 2.2 

84.0 

1 ,162 

'"' 4)8 

'" "' )56 

205 

2)8 

9.0 

63.6 

tolal 

5.5 

12,9 

17.1 

'· 4 '-' 

'.4 

J .4 

2. 2 

(X) 

(X) 

4.8 

11.1 

14.7 

2., 

3. 9 

5.5 

'-' 

2.' 

(X) 

(X) 

13.9 

2-t,O 

26.9 

14.1 

... 9. 2 

13.9 

5.6 

4.4 

(X) 

(X) 

18.6 

33.3 

37.8 

25.5 

15.1 

19.7 

12.8 

10,4 

(X) 

(X) 

.. 

Female head' 

nctow low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

6,499 

1 '722 

1,032 

3,595 "' 

1 ,358 

2, 237 

1 '182 

12.1 

41.4 

4 '774 

1 '213 

"' 534 

2, 572 

1 '733 "' 

990 

12.2 

43.0 

1 ,644 

"' "' )44 

982 

'" m 

H6 

11.0 

60,5 

9,668 

3,169 

1 '703 

1,466 

4 '180 

1,556 

2,624 

2, 320 

12,0 

48.9 

Number of 

1 '905 

642 

"' 2)6 

1 '103 

5)5 "'

)55 

10.6 

64.8 

1,056 

,82 

"2 

552 '" 

264 

293 

"' 

10.7 

61.2 

'" 

259 

'" 

529 " 

,20 

209 

" 10.4 

70.3 

2, 710 

1 ,417 

890 

522 

492 '" 

SOl 

,00 

70.4 '·' 

total 

29,3 

37,6 

41.8 

31.3 

30.7 

4.3.3 

23.0 

13.1 

(X) 

(X) 

22.1 

31.5 

34.9 

27.2 

21.7 

31.5 

16.9 

11.8 

(X) 

(X) 

50,1 

53.3 

55,8 

47.2 

53.9 

63.0 

44.1 

20.5 

(X) 

(X) 

28.0 

44.7 

52.3 

35.9 

23.8 

31.6 

19.1 

12.9 

(X) 

(X) 
106 

Table 33. Total Money Income in 1974--Families Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Presence of 

Related Children Under 18 Years Old and Sex and Race of Head 

Total money Income and presence of 

related cl\ildren und .. r 18 years 

ALL ~-AMILIES 

Nu.,ber. 

Percent, 

Under $1,000. 

$1,000 to $1,499. 

tt,soo to $1,999 

$2,000 to .f,:!, 499 

$2,500 to $2,999, 

$3,000 to $3,499. 

$3,500 to $3,999, 

$4,000 to $4,999 •. 

$5,000 to $5,999. 

$6,000 to $6,999. 

$7,000 to $7,999. 

$8,000 and over. 

Mean in<:om<> .. ,,, 

..... thousands, . 

llead Worked Year-Round Full Time 

Number .•• ...• thousands, • 

Percent. . .............• 

Under $1,000,,,,,,, ...... ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

$1,000 to $1,499 ••...••.•••.•••••••.•.. 

$1,500 to $1,999 •• 

$2,000 to $2,499, ,, ,, .•. , ••••••••.•• 

$2,500 to $2,999. 

$3,000 to $3,499,. 

$3,500 to $3,999, ......•................ 

$4,000 to $4,999 ..............•..... '.. , 

$5,000 to $5,999, ..................... . 

$6,000 to $6,999. 

$7,000 to $7,999, 

$8,000 and over. 

Mean income. 

FAMILIES Win! )10 REUTIW CHILDREN UlmER 

18 YEARS 

Number ••.•.••.•.•••••• 

Percent. 

Under $1,000 .... 

$1,000 to $1,_499 

.tl, 500 to $1,999 

$2,000 to $2,499. 

$2,500 to $2,999. 

.... thousands 

$3,000 to $3,499 ............................ . 

$3,500 to $J,999 ...................... . 

$4,000 to $4,999 ........... , ................ . 

$5,000 to $5,999, ........................... . 

$6,000 to $6,999 ..... , ............ . 

$7,000 to $7,999. . ................ .. 

.ts,ooo and over.. . .......... . 

Mean income. 

f"AMIL!ES Win! 1 OR MORE RELATED CHILDREN 

UNDER 18 YEARS 

Number •••• ,, ••.•.•.••• •.•.•. thousands •• 

Percent. .. ....................... . 

Under $1,000 .............. . 

$1,000 to $1,499, 

$1,500 to ;$1,999,, 

$2,000 to .$2,499, 

$2,500 to $2,999. 

$3,000 to $3,499, 

$3,500 to $3,999 

$4,000 to $4,999. 

$5,000 to$5,999 ............ . 

$6,000 to $6,999 

$7,000 to ~7,999. 

$8,000 and over. 

Mean inCom<>. 

- Represents B Base less than 75,000. 

Total 

5,109 

100.0 

13.7 

'"' 

12.6 '"' 

15.7 

11.7 

11.3 

.., 

'-' 

.., 

o .• 

$2,749 

"0 

100.0 

19,3 

,_, 

.., 

10.1 '"' 

•. '·' o 11.8 

'·' ,_, 

'·' ..,$2,598 

1,234 

100,0 

17.2 

11.2 

19.1 

33.5 

•. o 

'"' O.> 0., 

$1,888 

3,875 

100.0 

12.6 

... 

'.0 

10.6 

10.0 

12.8 

14.8 '·' 

.., 

>.O 

'-' o.' $3,026 

(Families as of March 1975) 

Male head 

2, 757 

100,0 

14.5 

.., 

.., 

12.1 

17.7 

'·' 

11.6 '·' 

'-' 

.., 

'-' 

o.• $2,777 

100,0 

23.7 

<.O 

.., 

.., 

'"' '·' '-' 

10.8 

10.5 

.., '·' 

'-' 

$2,396 

1,04.1 

100.0 

18.1 

11.4 '"' 

18.7 

33.2 

'"' '"' o.; 

o.; 

1, 716 

100.0 

12.3 

'"' <.0 

.., 

.., 

10.5 

10,0 

18.4 

12.4 

,_, 

... 

'"' $3,348 

Female 

head 

2,351 

100.0 

.12 .8 

'·' 

13.2 '·' 

13.4 

14,0 

10.9 '·' 

... 

'"' 0.< 

'·' $2,716 

'" 

100.0 

10.2 '"' 

'"' 

15.8 '·' 

20.2 

13.6 

15.8 

'·' 

6~.6 

'·' $3,410 

'" 100.0 

12.7 

11.9 

10,2 

21.3 

35.2 

'·' '·' '·' 

$2,124 

2,158 . 

100.0 

12.9 

.., 

12.5 '·' 

11.5 

14.7 

11.9 '·' 

... 

'3,1 

0.> 

'-' 

$2,710 

Total 

3,482 

100.0 

16.2 

'·' 

12.3 '"' 

16.9 

11.6 

10.7 

'·' '-' 

0.> '"' $2,569 

100.0 

23.5 

.., '·' 

'-' 

10.1 

'"' 

10,6 

... .., 

.., 

LO 

$2,221 

1,015 

100.0 

19.4 

11.3 '·' 

19.0 

32.8 

'-' 

L< 

o .• 

$1,799 

2,467 

100.0 

14.9 

.., 

... '·'

10.4 

13.2 

14.8 '·' 

... '·' 

'"' '·' $2,887 

White 

Male head 

2,185 

100,0 

16.6 

... .., 

12.1 

18,2 

... '·'

11.0 

,_, 

<.0 

'"' '·' $2,597 

'" 

100.0 

27.1 

... '·' 

'-' 

.., 

'·' '-' 

10.3 

.., '·' 

.4.8 

'"' $2,073 

'" 

100.0 

19.7 

'-' 

11.6 

18.7 

32.1 

'-' 

'"' '·' 

.t 1, 762 

1,290 

100.0 

14.6 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

.., 

10,4 '·' 

18.3 

12,7 

'·' '·' '-' 

$3,179 

Fe01ale 

head 

1,297 

100.0 

15.6 

10.5 

•. o 12.8 

14.8 

15,7 

10.1 '·' 

'"' '"' '"' 0., 

$2,522 

"' 

100.0 

12.8 '"' 

10.1 '·' 

20.5 

19.3 

12.8 

12.8 

L< 

'·' 

$3,124 

100.0 

16.8 

... .., 

21.1 

37.9 

'"' 

$2,074 

1,177 

100.0 

15.4 

10.6 

11.9 '·' 

12.5 

16.8 

11.0 

'"' .., 

'·' 0., 

$2,568 

Total 

1,530 

100.0 

... '"'

10.2 

13.6 

12.9 

12.1 

11.9 '"' 

'-' 

,_, 

'-' o.' $3,134 

"' 

100.0 

'·' 

... '"'

'-' 

... 

14.4 

16.6 

13,3 

13.9 

o .• 

.., 

$4,057 

'" 

100.0 

•. o 

10.1 

11.9 

21.0 

35.4 

'-' 

'·' 

$2,291 

1,332 

100.0 

'·' ... 

10.0 

12.4 

12.4 '·' 

13.7 '·' 

.., '·' 

'·0 

o .• 

$3,264 

Negro 

Male head 

'" 

100.0 

.., '·' 

,_, 

13.2 

15.0 

12.5 

,_, 

12.8 

'·' '-' 

<.0 

'-' 

$3,494 

100,0 .., 

.., 

.., '·' 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

14.3 

16.1 

17.9 

'-' 

.., 

$4,256 

"' 

100.0 

... '"'

11.1 

19.3 

36.3 

11.1 

'"' 

$2,331 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

11,0 

'-' 

12,9 

17.5 '·' 

10.2 '·' 

'·' '-' 

.$ 3, 918 

1,024 

100.0 

'·' 

11.6 '·' 

13.8 

11.8 

12.0 

11.4 '·' 

'-' 

.., 

'-' 

'·' $2,956 

" 100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

.., 

10.4 

20.2 

13,1 

20,4 

10.2 

.., 

'-' 

$3.786 

"' '" '" '" "' '" '" '" "' "' "' "' "' '" 

'" 

100.0 

.. ' 

11.5 

13,0 

10.3 

12.3 

12.3 '·' 

'"' 

0.' '·' 

'·' $3,010 
·,. 

107 

Table 34. Total Money Income in 1974 by Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Old--Families 

Below the low-Income level in 1974 by Race of Head 

Total money income and 

of llcad 

ALL RACES 

NUiilber. 

Percent. 

Under $1,000 .• 

$1,000 to $1 ,499. 

$1,500 to $1,999. 

$2,000 to $2,499,. 

$2,500 to $2,999,, 

$3,000 to $3,499 .• 

$3,500 to $3,999. 

$4,000 to $4,999 ..•. 

$5,000 to $5,999,,,. 

$6,000 to $6,999. 

$7,000 to $7,999,,,. 

$A ,000 or more., 

Median income,. 

Mean income,,. 

Number,,. 

Percent, 

Under $1,000 .• ,. 

WIIITE 

$1,000 to $1,499,. 

$1,51)0 to $1,999,,, 

$2,000 to $2,499, ••. 

$2,500 to $2,999 ..••••. 

$3,000 to $3,499 •.•. 

$3,500 to $3,999 ••••.. 

$4,000 to $4,999 ••.•••. 

$5,000 to $5,999 ••••••. 

$6,000 to $6,999. 

$7,000 to $7,999. 

$8,000 or ~nore: •. 

Med 1 an i nco01e •. 

Mean inco01e ••. 

Number •••• 

p,.rcent. 

Under $1,000. 

$1,000 to $1,499. 

$1,500 to $1,999 .. 

$2,000 to $2,499. 

$2,500 to $2,999 .. 

$3,000 to $3,499 .. 

$3,500 to $3,999 •••.. 

$4,000 to $4,999 .. . 

$5,000 to $5,999 .. .. 

$6,000 to $6,999. 

$7,000 to $7,999 

$8,000 or moryo ••• 

Med 1 an t nto""' .. 

lllean income •••. 

. thousands,. 

, , thousands. 

.. thousands .. 

families "' 

5,10[1 

100,0 

13.7 

'·' 

12.6 "' 

15.7 

11.7 

11.3 

$2 '775 

$2 '749 

3,482 

100.0 

16.2 

'-' 

'-' 

12.3 

16.9 

l1.6 

10.7 

$2,717 

$2.569 

1,530 

100.0 ,., 

'-' 

10.2 

13.6 

12.9 

12.1 

ll. '·' 9 

'-' 

'·' 

o.' "' 

$2,924 

$3,134 

- Represents zero. B Base less than 75,000. 

(J.'amllies as of March. 1975) 

Fan.illes having specifled number of related children under IB years 

Total 

3,875 

100.0 

12.6 

'·' '.o 

10.6 

10.0 

12.8 

'·' 

$3,132 

$3,026 

2 .~67 

100.0 

14.9 

'·' '·' 

10.4 '·' 

1J.2 

'·' 

$3,120 

$2,887 

1,332 

100.0 

'·' 

10.0 "' 

12.4 

12.4 '·' 

13.7 '·' 

'·' '·' •. o 

0.' 

$3,133 

$3,264 

l ,088 

100.0 

18.5 

10.3 

12.7 

15.6 

13.9 

17.4 

,., 

,.. 

'-' 

$2,274 

$2,019 

"' 

100.0 

19.4 

10,4 

10,4 

14.3 

13,8 

20.0 

'·' '-' 

"' 

$2,342 

$1,949 

'" 

100.0 

16.6 

10.7 

18.3 

18.6 

. 14.4 

12.3 

.., 

,., 

LO 

$2,119 

$2,115 

X Not applicable. 

"' 

100.0 

11.2 

.., '·' 

ll.4 

12.2 

14.8 

14.4 

14.5 

'-' o.' 

$2,891 

$2.533 

'" 

100.0 

17.6 

'·' 

10.2 '·' 

13.1 

14.7 

13,8 

15,2 

.., 

LO 

$2,872 

$2.373 

'" 

100.0 

10,7 

13.8 '·' 

10.7 

15.4 

15.8 

10.6 

.., 

0.' 

$2,880 

$2 '791 

100,0 

ll. 5 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

11.0 "' 

12.5 

24.5 

14.1 

2. 1 ,., 

o.' 

$3,707 

$3,306 

"' 

100.0 

12.4 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

10.1 '·' 

12.9 

28.3 

14.0 

'-' 

'-' o.' 

$3,832 

$3,275 

'" 

100.0 

'·' '-' 

10.3 

11.5 

0.0 

13.7 

12.7 

15.8 

13.2 

.., 

o.' 

'·' $3,406 

$3,367 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

.., '·' 

,_, 

10.2 

22.6 

18.9 

11.2 

'·0 

'-' 

$1,265 

$3,971 

'" 

100.0 

'·' '-' 

'·' '-' '·' '-' 

... 

22.8 

19.9 

12.7 

'·' '-' 

$1,120 

$3,911 

"' 

100,0 

'-' 

.., 

.., 

,., '·' 

14.1 

10,3 

21.8 

15.9 

'·' '-' 

'·' $3,975 

$4,003 

100.0 

'·' '-' 

"' '·' '·' '·' 

23.9 '·' 

14.2 

14.3 

10.5 

'·' $4.702 

$1 '555 

'" 100.0 

'-' 

LO 

"' "' '-' 

.., '·'

17.2 

17,2 

15.3 

14.8 

"' 

$5,110 

$4,693 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

12.6 

'·' 

.., '·'

33,2 

10.1 

12.9 

'·' '·' $1,409 

$4,364 

Mean number 

6 or more ol relatea 

children 

'" 

100.0 

,,0 

'·' ,_, 

'·' '·' , 

.., 

12.1 

13.1 

24. ~ 

12.6 

'·' $5,236 

$4,649 

"0 

100.0 

12.3 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '-' ..o 

10.1 

15.2 

25.7 

13.8 

'-' 

.'1;5 ,458 

$4,656 

"' 

100.0 .., 

'·' •. o 

'·' '·' "' 

13,5 '·' 

12.5 

25.3 

12.1 

'-' 

$5,195 

$4 '733 

2.63 

2.12 "' 

1. 92 

1. 94 

2.11 

2.20 

2.14 

2.37 

3.17 

3. 66 

4. 86 

5.35 

"' 

"' "' 

2. 51 

2.15 "' 

1.81 

1.80 

2.00 

2.06 

1. 88 

2. 28 

3.01 

3,68 

4. 70 

'"' (B). 

"' "' 

2.87 

2.03 "' 

2.00 

2,07 

2.31 

2.40 

2.60 

2,57 

3,62 

3.67 

5.06 

"' "' 

"' "' 
108 

Table 35. Total Money Income in 1974 by Size of Family-·Families and Related Children Under 

18 Years Old Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head 

Total 1110ney inc0111c and 

race and sex of head 

ALL MCES 

All FamilHts 

Number •• , , ••••••••• , , , •••• thousands. , 

Pen::ent,,, ••••••••• , •••••••• ,,, 

No income,, •••••••• , •••••• ,, ••••••••• 

Loss,, .•....• ,,,,, .••. ,, ............ . 

$1 t<:> $999, ......................... . 

$1,000 to $1,499, .•.•. ,,, .•.•..• , ...• 

$1,~00 to $1,999 ••.•.•...•.........•. 

$2,000 to $2,499, ................... . 

$2,500 to $2,999 ••••••••••••••• , ,, ••• 

$3,000 to $3,499,. • ., .............. .. 

$3,500 to $3,999 .................... . 

$4,ooo to $4,999,,,. ................ . 

$S,ooo to $5,999,. ................. .. 

$6,ooo to $6,999 ................... . 

$7,000 to $7,999 .................... . 

$8,000 and over •••••••••• ·····•••• •• 

Median incm...,,.,., ••. , •••••• doll~>rs,, 

Mean income •••••••••.• ,, •••• dollar-a .. 

Inco01a per farntly ...,,.ber,,, .dollars •• 

Farntliea with Male Head 

NWIIber-,,., ••••• , , , , , .. , , •• thousands .. 

Percent ....... ,, •••••••• ,,, •••• 

No !nco ........ ,,,, •••••• ,., ••••••• ,, •• 

Loss ............................... .. 

$1 to $999,., • .,.,.,.., .. ,., .... ., .. . 

$1,000 to $1,499 ................... .. 

$1,500 to $1,999 ................... .. 

$2,000 to $2,499 .................... , 

$2,500 to $2,999,,.,,. """""'" 

$J,ooo to $3,499 .................... . 

~;~: ~: ~;:::::::::::::::::::::::: $5,000 to $5,999,. .................. . 

$6,000 to $6,999,,. ................ .. 

$7,000 to $7,999, ••••••••••••••••••• , 

$8,000 and over,,. ................. . 

Median incO!lle .. , ••• , , , , , • , • , dollars,, 

Mean income,,.,,,,, •••• ,, ,,,dollars •• 

tncoOAe per fa011ly lllllmber •••• dollars., 

Fa~illea with Fem.ale Head 

Number ........ ,,,,, ....... thoWJands,, 

Pur-cent.,,, ....... ,,,, .... ,,,., 

No income.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,,,, •••• 

Loss •••••••••••••••••••••• ,,, ••••••• , 

$1 to $999 ..... .,., ..... , ..... , ... ., • 

$1,000 to $1,499,, .................. . 

$1,500 'to $1,999 ... ., .............. .. 

$2,000 to $2,499,., ................. . 

$2,500 to $2,999,,,,, •• , ,,, •••••••••• 

$3,000 to $3,499 ................... .. 

$3,500 to $3,999 .. .,,. ............. .. 

$4,ooo to $4,999 ................... .. 

$5,ooo to $5,999 ................... . 

$6,ooo to $6,999.,, ••••••••••••••••• 

$7,ooo to $7,999 .................... . 

$8,000 and over ................. .,.,, 

M<1dian lnccme ••••••• , ....... dollars •• 

Mean !nco...,,, ••••••• ,, ...... dollars •• 

I nco- per r .. ,.uy ""'mb<lr,,, ,dollars., 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

5,109 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' 

.., '·' 

12,6 

15.7 

11,7 

11,3 

'·' '·' '"' '·' 2, 775 

2, 749 

, 

2, 757 

100.0 

'"' '·" '·' '·' 

12,1 '·' 

17,6 

'·' 

11,7 '·' 

... '·'

'"' '·' 2,833 

2, 777 

'" 

2,351 

100.0 

... 

"·' 

.., '·' 

13,2 '·' 

13.4 

14.0 

10.9 '·' 

... 

'"' o.< 

'·' 2,686 

2,716 

"' 

(families, persons, and rolnted chddren ns of lll~rch 1975) 

1,705 

100,0 

'·' 

10.8 '·' 

11.4 

12.7 

19,1 

28.4 

10.7 

"·' 

2,216 

1,867 

'" 

'" 100.0 

... '"'

'·' 

11,8 '·' 

20,1 

34,2 

,_, 

'·' 

2,302 

1,829 

"' 

"' 

100.0 

'·' 

12,3 "·' 

14,8 

14,0 

17.8 

21.0 

14,4 

2,091 

1,916 

"' 

100.0 

'"' 

1U,U '·'

10,5 '·" 

14.5 

13.9 

17,8 

16.3 

'·' 

100,0 

'·' '.o 

10,3 

. 4.7 

14.7 '·' 

15,5 

15.9 

20,3 

'·' 

2,579 

1,924 

"' 

... 

100,0 

... 

12,3 '·' 

11,9 

14.4 

12,6 

19,3 

13,2 

2,330 

2,188 

"" 

Size of family 

'" 

100,0 

'-' 

'·' 

.., '·' 

'·' 

. '·' 9,7 

13,2 

15.7 

27.7 

LO 

100,0 

1;5 

10.5 

'·' '·' 

'-' '"' 

10.0 

15,2 

11,6 

30.1 

L< 

3,273 

2,396 

W< 

100,0 

.., 

'·' '·' '-' 

10,8 

11.2 '·' 

19.9 

25,3 

'·' 

3,312 

2,992 

, .. 

'" 

100,0 

1,2 

'"' '·' '"' '·' '·' 

12.7 '·' 

25,6 '·' 

23.0 

'·' 

3,955 

3,488 

m 

"' 100.0 

"·' '·' '·' '·' '·" '·' 

11.3 '·' 

24,9 '·' 

27,3 

""' 

4,110 

3,448 ,,., 

100,0 

'·' 

'·' '"' '·' .., 

14,4 '·' 

10,2 

26,5 

17.7 

'·' 

3,739 

3,538 

'" 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' '-' 

10.0 '·' 

,_, '·' 

26,1 '·' 

20,0 

16,5 

100,0 

.., '·' 

'·' '-' 

.., '·' 

'·' '·' '-' 

24.6 

22.4 

18,0 

4,611 

3,933 

... 

"' 

100.0 

Lo 

12,4 

10,4 

28,3 '·' 

16,5 

14.3 

4,323 

4,137 

"' 

persona 

"" 100,0 

'·' '-' '.o 

'·' '"' '·' '·' '·' 

13,6 '·' 

15.4 

21.6 

15,2 

'·' 5,488 

4,939 

'" 

100.0 

'·' '·' '"' '·' 

... '·'

'·' 

12,5 '·' 

16,5 

21,7 

20.1 '.o 

5,926 

5,256 

"' 

'"' 100,0 

'·' 

'"' '·' 

.., 

' .. 14.1 

'·' 

15,2 '·' 

13,1 

21.5 

'·' '"' 4,466 

4,32l 

'" 

3,81 

(>) 

3.03 

3,66 

J.OJ 

2,89 

2,93 

J.OJ 

2,93 

3.41 

3.98 

5,04 

5,93 

1,15 

LOO 

<•) 

(>) 

,, ) 

,, ) 

3.95 

(>) 

(•) 

3, 71 

3,12 

2.95 

2.92 

2.92 

2. 77 

3.52 

4.03 

5,12 

5.94 

7 ,OJ 

'.oo <•J 

(>) 

(>) 

(>) 

3,64 

(>) 

3.12 

<•J 2.94 

2.87 

2,93 

3,15 

3.18 

3.32 

3.94 

'·" 5.88 

<•l <•J <•l 

(>) 

(>) 

(>) 

Persons 

'" !aonlte,. 

19,440 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' '"' 

10.1 '·' 

12,1 

10.4 

15,0 

(>) 

(>) 

,, ) 

10,877 

100.0 

u 

'·' '·' '"' '·' 

12,4 '·' 

'-' 

LO 

15,1 

11,8 

'·' ,_. 

'"' (>) 

,, ) 

(>) 

8 1 563 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' '-' 

'-' 

11,4 

11,7 

12.8 

.., 

14.8 

'·' '·' Lo 

'·' (>) 

(x) 

(>) 

Related children 

under 18 years 

Total 

10,196 

100.0 

'-' 

'·' 

.., '·' 

'·' 

.., '·' 

10,4 

17.8 

11.3 

.., '·' 

'·' 

,, ) 

(>) 

(>) 

4,809 

100,0 

'·' '"' '·' '"' 

.., '·' 

... 

'"' 

19.1 '·' 

15.7 

12,0 

'·' '"' (>) 

(>) 

(>) 

:1,387 

100,0 

'"' '·' '·' '·' 

10,6 '·' 

10,1 

12.9 

10,4 

16,6 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·' (>) 

(x) 

(>) 

Under 6 6 to 17 

years yeal'9 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '·' 

11,7 '·' 

10,2 

16.3 

.., '·' 

'·' LO 

,, ) 

(>) 

(>) 

100,0 

.., '·' 

... 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' '·' 

10.2 '·' 

22.3 

12.8 

'·' '·' '·' (>) 

(>) 

(x) 

100,0 

'·' "·' '·" '·' 

10,8 '·' 

10,7 

13,8 

10,1 

11,2 

.., '·' 

'·' '·' 

6,902 

100.0 

'-' 

'"' '·' 

.., '·' 

'·' 

... '·'

.., 

18,4 

12,2 

10.5 

.., 

'"' (>) 

(>) 

(>) 

3,269 

100,0 

"·' '·' • .o 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' ' .. 17,6 

17 .o 13.8 

'·' '"' (>) 

(>) 

(>) 

3,633 

100.0 

'"' 

'·' '·' 

10,4 '·' 

... 12,4 

10,5 

19,2 

'"' ' .. 

'"' '·' (X) 

(>) 

(>) 
' ' 

109 

Table 35. Total Money Income in 1974 by Size of Family--Families and Related Children Under 

18 Years Old Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 By Sex and Race of Head---Continued 

Total II>OOey iOCOIIIC and 

race and sex of head 

WHITE 

All FamUJ.es 

Number.,, •••• , ••• , •• •, •••• thousands,, 

Percent, ... ,, .•.. ,, ...•.• ,,, •.. 

No income., •••• ,, ••• ,,,, •••• , •••••••• 

Loss •••••••••• •• ·• •······ ••·····• ·•·• 

$1 to $999 •• , ••••• ,,, ••• , , , , ••••••••• 

$1,000 to $1,499, ................... . 

$1,500 to $1,999, •••••••••••••••••••• 

$2,000 to $2 1499 .......... ,,., ••• .,,, 

.$2,500 to $2,999 ••••••••••••••••••••• 

$3,000 to $3,499, •••••••••••• , ••••••• 

$3,500 to $3,999,, .............. , ••• 

$4,000 to $4,999 .. , •••••• ,,., ••• ,, ••• 

$5,000 to $5 1999 ................... .. 

$6,000 to $6,999 ....... , ..... , .... .. 

$7,000 to $7,999 ••••••••••••••••••••• 

$8,000 and over ••• , •••••••••••••••••• 

Median income ••• , ••••••••••• dollars •• 

Mean inco.,.., •••• ,,, ••••• , ••• dollars., 

Incoms per family member, ••• dollars •• 

Families witlt Msle Head 

Number., ..... ,, ••••• ,, .... tltousands., 

Percent,, •••• ,,., ..... ,, •••••• , 

No income.,, ••• ,,, ....... , ••• ,.,,, ••• 

Loss ................................ . 

$1 to $999 .......................... . 

$1,000 to $1,499 ................... .. 

$1,&00 to $1,999 ................... .. 

$2,000 to $2,499 .................... . 

$2,500 to $2,999 ................... .. 

$3,000 to $3,499 .................... . 

$3,&00 to $3,999 ................... .. 

$4,ooo to $4,999.,., ............... .. 

$5,000 to $&,999,,.,. .............. .. 

$6,000 to $6,999 .................... . 

$7,000 to $7,999, .................. .. 

$8,000 and over ..................... . 

Median lnc"""'•••···••• ,, .... dollars •• 

Mean loco""',,, , , , • , , •• , , , ••• dollars .. 

Income per family ""'mber., •• dollars •• 

FamU!e~ wttb FeiiSle Head 

NUIIIber.,., ... , , , ••• , , , , • , • thousands., 

Percent .. ,., ••••• , ••••• ,,, •••• , 

No income •••• , •••• ,,,, •• ,,,, •• ,,,,,,, 

Loas ............... ,, ............... . 

$1 to $999, •••••• ,,., •• ,., ••••••• , ••• 

$1,ooo to $1,499,, ••••••••••••••••••• 

$1,500 to $1,999 ................... .. 

$2,000 to $2,499,,, ......... ···•··• •• 

$2,500 to $2,999 •••• ,, ···••••····•••• 

$3,000 to $3,499 ................... .. 

$3,500 to $3,999,, ................ .. 

$4,000 to $4,999 ................... .. 

$5,000 to $&,999 .......... ,, ••••••••• 

$6,000 to $6,999,,,, ............... ,. 

$7,000 to $7,999, .. ., .............. .. 

$8,000 and over.,,.,,,.,., ••• , ••• ,.,, 

Median income ..... ,, •••••• ,,dollars,, 

Mean income,., •• ,, , , , •••••• ,dollars .. 

Income per family ...,mber ••• ,dollars,, 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

3,482 

100.0 

.., '·" 

'·' '·' 

12.3 '·' 

16,9 

11,6 

10.7 

'·' '·' '-' 

'·' 2,717 

2,568 

'" 

2,185 

100,0 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

.., 

12.0 '·' 

18,2 

'·' 

u.o '·' 

'·' '·" '·' "·' 2,770 

2,596 

"' 

100,0 

'·' '·' 

10.5 '·' 

12.8 '·" 

14,8 

15,7 

10,1 '·' 

'·' '-' "·' "·' 2,608 

2,522 

'" 

(Fa101lies, persons, and related ch>ldren as of 11\arch 1975) 

1,315 

100.0 

.., '·' 

11.1 

10,6 

11.9 

18.7 

28.4 

11.2 

'·' 

2,226 

1,822 

"'" 

100,0 

10.1 

12.0 '·' 

19.8 

33,2 

,_, 

'·' 

2,266 

1,763 

'" 

"' 

100,0 

'·' 

12,7 "·' 

14.4 

u.s 

16,9 

20,4 

17,6 

2,147 

1,924 

"' 

s '"'" of family 

100.0 

.., 

••• 10,8 

'·' 

13,4 '·" 

15.4 

18,8 

15.7 

'"' 

2,513 

1,982 

'" 

"' 

100,0 

10.7 

.., 

12,8 '·' 

16.2 

18,4 

19,2 

'-' 

2,648 

1,824 

'" 

"' 

100.0 

'·' 

11.0 

12.5 

13,9 '·' 

14,7 

19,2 

12,0 

2,355 

2,143 

"' 

'" 

100.0 

'·' ,_, 

'·' '·' 

,_, '·' 

11.6 '·' 

15.6 

"'·' '·' 

3,346 

2,529 

'" 

,,. 

100,0 

13,7 

'·' '·' '·' '·' 

12 '·' .o 12.7 

29.8 

'·' 

3,223 

2,127 

'" 

100.0 

'·' 

'-' 

'·' 

,_, '·' 

11,1 '·' 

19,5 

31.1 

3,516 

3,074 

"' 

"' 

100.0 

'·' <.0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' 

11.3 '·' 

10,6 

26,8 

23,1 

c.< 

4,010 

3,408 

'" 

"' 

100,0 

'·' '·' '-' 

'·" '·' 

10,8 '·' 

10,8 

27.1 

27.7 

"' 

100,0 

'·' 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

'·' 

12,4 '·' 

10,4 

26.1 

13,6 

'·' 

3,565 

3,342 

"' 

234 I 100.0 

'·' '·' L< 

10,7 '·' 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

26,2 

21.0 

16,6 

4,525 

a,886 

"' 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' 

10,8 "·' 

'·' '·' '-' 

23.6 

22,7 

19,8 

4,686 

3,857 

'" 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

,,, 

,,, 

(o) 

"'' 

100.0 

'·" '·' '"' '·' '·' '-' 

'·' '-' 

10,4 '·' 

16,6 

21.8 

18.5 

'·' s, 784 

5,035 

"' 

'" 

100.0 

.., 

'·' '·' '·' 

... '·" 

'-' 

11.2 '·' 

18,7 

20,7 

21.5 

'-' 

5,947 

5,209 

'" 

(o) 

,,, 

(0) 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

,,, 

(o) 

,,, 

,,, 

size ~·· of 

family 

3,59 

IX I 

2,86 

3,65 

3.02 

2,75 

2,70 

2.84 

2,76 

3,14 

3,94 

4.87 

5.88 

6,94 

,,, 

(o) 

(X) 

(X} 

(X} 

3,77 

(xI 

,,, 

3,68 

3,14 

2.76 

2,71 

2,81 

2.65 

3,30 

3,99 

4,99 

5.89 

8.89 

,,, 

,,, 

(X) 

(X) 

(X} 

(X} 

,,, 

,,, 

2,87 

2,74 

2.66 

2.89 

,_,., 

2,98 

3.86 

4.65 

(o) 

,,, 

,,, 

(o) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

Persons 

fa•ulu•s 

12,517 

100,0 

.., '·' 

,_, 

,_, 

'·' 

13,0 '·' 

10,1 

14.5 

'-' 

'·" '·' '·' (X) 

(X} 

(X} 

8,238 

100,0 

'·" '·' '·' '·' '·' 

12.8 '·" 

'·" 

14.6 '·' 

11.7 

'-' 

'·" '-' 

(X} 

(X} 

(X} 

4,279 

100,0 

'·' "·' '·' '·' '-' 

11.2 

13.3 

14.2 

14,2 '·' 

.., 

'·' '-' 

'·' 

(X} 

{X) 

(X} 

Related children 

llflder 18 years 

Under 6 6 to 17· Total 

6,180 

100,0 

'·' '·' '-' 

... 

'·' '-' 

'·' '·' 

17,8 '·' 

11.6 

'·' .., 

'-' 

(X) 

(X) 

(Xi 

a, soo 

100,0 

"·' '·" '·' '-' '·' 

.., '·' 

'·' 

19,1 '·' 

16.6 

11,1 

'-' 

, ·' 

(li) 

,,, 

(X} 

2,680 

100,0 

'·' "·' '·" '-' 

10.2 '·' 

11.5 

13.9 

10.8 

16,1 

.., '·' 

"·' "-' 

(X} 

(X} 

,,, 

years years 

2,089 

100.0 

'-' 

'·' '-" .., 

'-' 

10,3 '·' 

11.5 

10,5 

17.6 

'·" ..,

'·' "·' ,,, 

(x} 

,, } 

1,157 

100,0 

"·' '·" '·" '·' '·' '·' '·" '-' 

u.s 

23,0 

12,4 

'·' 

. '·' 1.4 

,,, 

,,, 

(X} 

'" 100,0 

'·' '·' 

11,9 '·' 

,_, 

11.2 

13,1 

15.0 

10,8 '·' 

'"' '·' 

(X} 

I• I 

,,, 

4,090 

100.0 

,_, 

<.< 

'·' '-' 

'·' 

,_, ; ·' 

'-' 

17,9 '·' 

13.4 

10.0 

'·' '·' 

(X} 

,,, 

,,, 

2,343 

100,0 

,_, '·' 

'·" '-' 

, ·' '·' '·' '·' 

17.1 '·' 

l!i,7 

13.4 

'-' 

'·' 

,,, 

(X} 

,,, 

1, 747 

100.0 

'·' 

,_, '·'

'-' 

.., 

10,6 '·' 

13,4 

11,6 

19,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' 

(X} 

''I (X} 
110 

Table 35. Total Money Income in 1974 by Size of Family--Families and Related Children Under 

18 Years Old Below the low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head--{;ontinued 

Total money ;ncome and 

race and se~ of head 

NEGRO 

All ram11ies 

Number,, , • , • , •••••• ',., ••• ,thousands,, 

Percent ••• ••• •.• • •••• ••• •· ••• •• 

No l!ICome, •••• ,, •••••••.•••••••• , , ••• 

Loss •• , •••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••• 

~ tO $999,,, ,, , ,, , , ,,,,, ,,.,, ,, , ,,,, 

$1,000 to $1,499,, ••• , ••••••••••••••• 

$1,500 to $1,999 •.•...•...•......••.. 

$2,000 to $2,499 ................... .. 

$2,500 to $2,999, •.•.......•..•.•..•. 

$3,000 to $3,499 ............... ,. ... . 

$3,500 to $3,999 •.. ,, •••••• .. , ,, ,, ,, 

$4,000 to $4,999 •..•. , .••........•.•. 

$5,ooo to $5,999 .................... . 

$6,ooo to $6,999 ................... .. 

$7,ooo to $7,999 ................... . 

$8,000 and over ................ ,. .. . 

Median Income.,., ••••• , , ••• dollars •• 

Mean Income,,,.,,,,,,,,, .. , .dollars., 

Income per family member, •• ,dollars,, 

Families with lisle Head 

NW!Iber,,.,, , , •••• , , , ..... , thousands,, 

Percent, ••••••• ,,,, •••••. , ••••• 

No 1ncome •••••••• ,, •••••• , , ••••••••• , 

Loss,., •• , ••••••• ,, •••••• ,,, •••••••• , 

$1 to $999 ......................... .. 

$1,000 to $1,499 .................... . 

$1,500 to $1,999 .................... . 

$2,000 to $2,499, ................... . 

$2,500 tQ $2,!1!1!1,. ................. .. 

$3,ooo to $3,499 ................... .. 

$3,500 to $3,999 ................... .. 

$4,000 to $4,999 .................... . 

$S,ooo to $5,999 ................... .. 

$6,000 to $6,999.,. ................ .. 

$7,000 to $7,999,,. ........... , .... .. 

$8,000 and over, ...... , .......... , .. 

Med1an income •••••• ,,, .••• ,,dollars,-, 

Mean income, •••••• , , , , , •• , , ,dollars,, 

Income por family -mber,,, .dollars,, 

Families with re.,..le Head 

Number,,,,, , , ••• , , , , , .... , thousands,, 

Percent ••• , ••••••• ,, •••••••• ,,. 

No income,. .................. , ..... .. 

Loss •••••• ,., •••••••• , •· •••• ,,. • • • • • • 

$1 to $999 ......................... ,. 

$1,000 to $1,499., .................. . 

$1,500 to $1,999, .................. .. 

$2,000 to $2,499,. ................. .. 

$2,500 to $2,999,, ...•.•......•.•.... 

$3,000 to $3 1499,.,, .•...•.•..•.••••• 

$3,500 to $3,999 .............. , •.••.• 

$4,000 to $4,999 •..• , .......• , .•.•.• , 

$5,000 to $5,999 .... ,, ...... , ••.•..• , 

$6,ooo to $6,999 .................... . 

$7,ooo to $7,999 ................... .. 

$8,ooo and ov.,r,, •••• , •• ,, ••• , ••• ,, •• 

Median income •• ••••• •••••••• dollara,, 

Mean income, ••••• , , ••••. , • , .dollars,. 

Income per family memoor ••• ,dollars,, 

(Families, persons, and related ci\Udren as of March 1975) 

Size o! !aonly 

r-------r------,------,-------,-------,-------,-------1 .. ~:":f ' O< Total 

wo.o 

2.6 

'·' '·' 

10.2 '·' 

13,6 

12.9 

12.1 

11,9 

'-' 

'·' '"' '·' 2,924 

3,133 

"' 

'" 

100.0 

'-' 

.., '·' 

'"' 

13,3 '·' 

15,1 

12,3 

12.8 '"' 

'·' '"' '·' '·' 3,146 

3,493 

"' 

1,024 

100.0 

'·' 

'-' 

11,6 '·' 

13.8 

11,8 

12.0 

11 '·' ,4 

'·' '·' '·' '·' 2,800 

2,955 

"' 

100,0 

'·' 

10.2 

13,0 

15,8 

20.7 

27.5 

'·' 

2,185 

2,026 

1,010 

100.0 

'·' 

10,1 '·' 

10.1 

21.6 

:19,4 

10,9 

2,503 

2,242 

1,115 

"' 100,0 

.., 

11,9 

14,5 

18,6 

20,2 

21.6 

'·0 

2,022 

1,923 

'" 

"' 

100.0 

'·' 

8.2 

10,8 

16.0 

16.0 

10.4 

16,5 

16.11 

2,302 

2,251 

"' 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

(o) 

(0) 

(0) 

(o) 

(0) 

(0) 

(0) 

l•l 

(0) 

(0) 

'" 100,0 

'·' 

12,3 '·' 

16.'8 

13,9 

19,8 '·' 

14,6 

2,284 

2,248 

"' 

"0 

100,0 

'·' 

'·' '·' 

13,5 '·' 

10,8 

16,2 

17.6 

19,2 

'·' 

3,143 

' 2,955 

"' 

100,0 

<.o 

'.o 

'·' 

10.8 '·' 

27.4 

26,6 '·' 

'·' 

3,310 

3,252 

"' 

·173 

too.o 

'·' 

'·' 

12.6 '·' 

15,5 

10.8 

10.7 

21,7 

15,4 

'·' 

2,936 

2,s1o 

"' 

'" 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' LO 

'-' 

10,6 

15,5 '·' 

24,0 '·' 

21.9 

. 0.8 

3,819 

3,654 

"' 

(o) 

(o) 

l•l 

(o) 

(o) 

(0) 

(0) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(0) 

l•l 

(o) 

(0) 

(B) 

(o) 

'" 

100.0 

'·' 

'·' '·' '·' '"' 

15,3 '·' 

10,3 

26.0 

21,7 

3,867 

3, 701 

,., 

"0 

100,0 

'·' 

'·' '.o 

... '"'

'·' o.> 

25,4 '"' 

17 .o 

17,4 

4,386 

4,172 

"' 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(0) 

(0) 

(o) 

(0) 

(0) 

(o) 

(o) 

(0) 

(0) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

100,0 

... 

13,4 

'·' '"' ,_, 

25,2 

,17 ,2 

111,5 

4,433 

4,211 

m 

more family 

persons 

100,0 

'·' 

'"' '·' '·' '·' 0., 

.., '·' 

16,5 

14,4 

21.6 

11.1 

'"' 5,129 

4,699 

'" 

100.0 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·' 

.., '·' 

14,5 

12.7 

25,5 

18,2 

o., 

6,071 

5,512 

'" 

100,0 

'·' 

'·' '"' '·' 

11.9 '·' 

'·' 

17,9 '·' 

14,9 

19,4 

'·' '·' 4,542 

4,346 

'~ 

4.25 

(<) 

(o) 

(o) 

3,03 

3.08 

3,24 

3.45 

3,35 

3.93 

4.08 

5,45 

6,02 

7,40 

(o) 

(o) 

(>) 

(<) 

(<) 

4,58 

(<) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) 

(o) ,,) 

(o) 

3.03 

(o) 

(0) 

(o) 

l•l 

(0) 

(o) 

lo) 

,, ) 

(<) 

(<) 

4.09 

(<) 

l•l 

(o) 

3.09 

3,10 

3,13 

3,47 

3,55 

3,86 

4.05 

5.34 

5.92 

l•l 

l•l 

l•l 

(<) 

(<) 

(<) 

- Repl'esents zero, 11 Base less than 75,000, X Not applicable. 

Persons 

fami- '" 

lies 

6,506 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' 

u.o '"' 

10.1 

11.2 

o.< 

15,3 

10,5 

'"' '·' '"' (<) 

(<l 

(<) 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' 9.9 

11.1 '·' 

o.o 

15.8 

10.7 

12,4 

'·' '·' (<) 

(<) 

(<) 

4,186 

100,0 

'·' 

o.o 

o., '·' 

11.7 

10.2 

11.2 

14.9 '·' 

10.3 

'·' '-' '·' 

(<) 

(<) 

(<) 

Related childreD. 

under 18 years 

Total 

3,819 

100.0 

'"' 0 ·' 

.., '"' 

'-' 

10,0 

11.2 '·' 

17.2 '·' 

10.6 

11.1 

.., 

... 

(<) 

I<) 

(<) 

1,151 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' 0.0 

10,1 '·' 

18,6 '·' 

11.9 

16.3 

10.0 

.., 

(<) 

(<) 

(<) 

2,668 

100,0 

'·' 

'·' '-' 

0 ·' 10.6 

'-' 

11.7 

16,6 '·' 

10,0 o., 

'-' 

'·' 

(<) 

(<) 

(>) 

Under 6 6 to 17 

years years 

1,141 

100.0 

'"' 

'·' '·' o.• 

'·' '-' 

12.4 

'·0 13,0 

11.2 

'"' '·' '·' (<) 

(<) 

(<) 

"' 

100.0 

'·' 

'·' '-' 

'·' '·' 

11.8 '·' 

18,2 '·' 

11.8 

15 .o 

o.o 

'·' (<) 

(<) 

(<) 

100.0 

'·' 

'·' 

10,3 '·' 

10,5 

12,6 '·' 

11.1 

10.9 

10.9 

'·' '·' '·' 

(<) 

(<) 

(<) 

2,678 

100,0 

'"' '·' '·' '·' 

10,1 '"' 

10,8 '·' 

o.o 

19.0 

10,3 

11,8 

<.o 

'·' (<) 

(<) 

(<) 

100.0 

'·' '·' '-' 

'-' 

'"' o., 

'·' '-' 

16.7 '·' 

11,9 

16,8 

10,6 

'·' 

(<) 

(<) 

(<) 

1,855 

100,0 

'"' 

11,0 

11.4 

19,1 '·' 

'·' '·' '-' 

'·' (<) 

(<) 

·(x) 
Ill 

Table 36. Total Money Income in 1974 by Region--Families and Unrelated Individuals Below the 

Low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head O"amilhs o.nd unrelated individuals as o! March 1975) 

All races White 

~--,---,---4----,~-~---+---- Total money income and region 

UNITED STATES 

Number •. 

Percent. 

Under $1,000. 

$1,000 to $1,499. 

$1,~0 to $1,999. 

.$2,000 to .$2,499. 

$2,500 to .$2,999. 

$3,000 to $3,499. 

$3,500 to $3,999. 

$4,000 to $4,999. 

$5,000 to $5,999. 

$6,000 to $6,999 

$7,000 to $7,999. 

$8,000 and over ••.. 

Median income .••• 

Mean income. 

Faonlies 

Unrelated Individuals 

Number •. 

Percent. 

Under $1,000, ............... . 

.. thousands, . 

. thousands, 

$1,000 to $1,499 ... , .......................... . 

$1,500 to $1,999 ............. , , ............ . 

.$2,000 to $2,499..... .. ............. .. 

.$2,500 and over .... , ........................ . 

Median income. 

Mean inc0111e •••. 

NORTH AND WEST 

Famili.es 

i 

I Number,, . , , , •. thousands • -~' 

Percent. , ......................... , .. 

Under $1,000,,,.............. . ......... . 

.~1,000 to $1,4.99. , ·1 $1,500 to $1,999. , , 

~:~~ !~ fz:!:!: ........................... ::: I $3,000 to $3,499 .• , ••••••. ,. ••• •• •• ••• •• •• . I $3,500 to $3,999., ••• ,, •••••• ,, ••••••••••••••.. 

$4,000 to $4,999.... . , . . . . . •. . . .. 

$5,000 to $5,999 •• • , ••••••••••• ,, • I $6,000 to $6,999 ••••••• , • •• •• •• • • • • •• 

$7,000 to $7,999.... . . . .. . . . . 'I $8,000 and over • •• • ••••••••• • •• • • 

Median income ..................... .. 

Mean income 

Unrelated Individuals 

~umber. , • thouaands. , 

Purcent. • • •• ,, .• •• • · • • • ••. •• •• 

Under $1,000 ....... , ................. . 

$1,000 to $1,499 .•.• ~ ............... .. 

$1,500 to $1,999 .••. ~ .•••••••••••.• 

$2,000 to $2,499 •• , .••••••••••. 

.. I .. 

. I $2,500 and over. 

Median income •.. 

Mean income, I See footnotes at end of tablu. 

Total Male head' 

5,109 

100.0 

13.7 

,., 

.., 

12.6 

15.7 

11.7 

$2.775 

$2,749 

4,820 

100.0 

24.7 

15.4 

29.6 

28.4 

'-' 

$1,668 

$1,443 

2. 790 

100.0 

lJ.S 

I 

'·' 

11.3 '·' 

14.9 

13.2 

.., 

13.2 

"' "' '-' 

'·' .,Z,924 

$2,826 

3,071 

100.0 

26.5 

14.6 

27.3 

29.7 

.. , $1,663 

$1,419 

2, 757 

100.0 

14.5 

'·' 

12.1 '·' 

17.7 

'·' 

11.6 "' 

, ·' 

"' "' '·' $2,833 

.$2, 777 

1,607 

100.0 

29.1 

15.4 

24.9 i 25.1 

'·' $1,611 

$1,355 

1,389 

100.0 

15.9 

.., 

11.5 '·' 

,15. 7 

"' ,_, 

12.8 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' '·' $2,884 

$2.767 

1,072 

100.0 

31.1 

14.7 

23.4 

25.4 

'-' 

$1,591 

$1,322 

fe~~~ale 

head' 

2,351 

100.0 

12.8 

"' 

13.2 '·' 

13.4 

14.0 

10.9 '·' 

... 

o.< "' 

"' $2,686 

$2,716 

3,212 

100.0 

22.5 

15.4 

32.0 

30.1 

$1,690 

$1,487 

1,401 

100.0 

ll.6 

,_, 

, .. 11.1 

14.1 

16.8 

10.9 

13,6 

. 4.4 

'-' 0.> 0., 

$2,970 

$2,884 

1,999 

100.0 

24.1 

14.5 

29.4 

32.0 

$1,694 

$1,471 

Total 

3,482 

100,0 

16;2 

'·' ,_, 

12.3 

16.9 

11.6 

$2,718 

$2,569 

3, 773 

100.0 

24.4 

15.3 

28.5 

30.0 

"' $1,682 

$1,454 

2,106 

100.0 

15.7 

"' 6.1 

12.3 

15.8 

13,2 

11.3 "' 

.., 

"' .. , 

o,, 

$2,806 

$2,645 

2,!;67 

100.0 

26,2 

14.6 

26.4 

"'·' •.o 

$1,675 

$1,432 

Male head 1 

2,185 

100,0 

16.6 

•1.8 

12.1 "' 

18.2 

"' 

11.0 "' 

,_, 

<.O 

2.5 0., 

$2,770 

$2,597 

1,200 

100.0 

28,4 

15.6 

23.8 

26.3 

'·' $1,625 

$1,362 

1,189 

100.0 

16.8 

'·' 

12.1 '·' 

16.8, '·, 

11.4 "' 

$2,829 

$2,662 

"' 

100.0 

30.3 

14.5 

21.5 

27.7 

'·' $1,619 

$1,345 

Female 

head 1 

1,297 

100.0 

15.6 

10.5 

12.8 '·' 

14.8 

15,7 

10.1 

$2,608 

$2,522 

2,573 

100.0 

22.5 

15.2 

30.7 

31.7 

$1,702 

$1,497 

100.0 

14.3 

,,0 

'-' 

12.5 

14.5 

17.9 

11.3 '·' 

"' L> 0., 0., 

$2,771 

$2,623 

1 '704 

100.0 

24.1 

14.6 

28.9 

32.4 

$1,696 

$1,476 

Total 

1,530 

100.0 

"' 

10.2 "' 

13.6 

12.9 

12.1 

1~:~ 1,1. 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' '·, 

$2,924 

$3,134 

'" 

100.0 

25.6 

15.5 

34.5 

22.5 

"' $1' 628 

$1,407 

"' 

100.0 

"' "' '-' 

u.s '" 

13.8 

12,5 

17.4 

"' '·' '·" 0., 

.$3,378 

$3,413 

"' 

100.0 

29,2 

12.9 

32.4 

23.8 

"' $1,622 

$1,354 

Negro 

i 

'"' 100.0 

'·' "' ,_, 

13.2 

15.0 

12.5 

.$3.155 

,tJ,494 

100.0 

32.5 

13.7 

26.8 

21.9 

'-' 

$1,572 

$1,316 

"' 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' '·, 

'-' 

11.4 

10.7 

19.5 

"' '·, '·" "' $3,516 

$3,490 

100.0 

38.7 

10.4 

28.3 

17,9 

.., 

$1,515 

$1' 184 

female 

head' 

1,024 

100.0 '·, '.0 

11.6 

13.8 

11.8 

12.0 

11.4 "' 

"' .., 

0., 

"·' $2,801 

$2,956 

100,0 

21.6 

16.5 

39.0 

22,8 

.$1,652 

$1' 459 

100,0 

6.5 

.., 

"' 

13,5 "' 

14.6 

13,0 

16.7 

"' .., 

o.• "' 

$3,343 

$3,388 

'" 

100.0 

23.0 

14,5 

34.9 

27,5 

$1,678 

$1,463 
112 

Table 36. Total Money Income in 1974 by Region--Families and Unrelated Individuals Below the 

Low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

Total !lloncy income and region 

~·a,.illes 

Number. ••••••••••••••••• th.ousa'uds •• 

Percent •• 

Under $1,000,,. 

$1,000 to $1,499. 

$1,500 to $1,999. 

$2,000 to ,t2,499, 

$2,500 to $2,999,, 

$3,000 to $3,499 •••••.•.••••.•.•.• 

$3,500 to $3,999 .•. 

$4,000 to $4,999 •• ,, ••••••••• , •••• 

$5,000 to $5,999 , . , •••••••••••. 

$6,000 to $6,999. 

$7,000 to $7,999. 

$8,000 an<l over. 

l!"dian income •• 

Mean tncolll<!. 

Unrelated Individuals 

Number ••• 

Percent •• ,,, 

Under $1,000,, ••••• 

$1,000 to $1,499. 

$1,500 to $1;999. 

$2,000 to $2,499 .•••. ,. 

.$2,500 and over ••••••• 

Median ino:oae •. , .••. 

Mean ino:oae •••.••.•. , . 

- Represents zero. 

.......• thousands •• 

(Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Total 

2,319 

100.0 

13.7 

,., 

16.7 ~~:~I 

'·' '"' '·' '·' '·' .. ,

'·' $2,614 

$2,656 

1, 749 

100.0 

21.4 

16.9 

33.7 

~6.3 

'-' 

$1,674 

$1,485 

All races 

Male head' 

1, 369 

100.0 

13.1 

'·' u 

12 .a 19.6 

'·' 

10.5 '·' 

u 

.., 

'-' 

LO 

$2,791 

$2.786 

"' 

100,0 

25.1 

16.9 

27.9 

24.5 

'·' $1,643 

$1,419 

Female 

head 1 

'" 

100.0 

14,6 

12.3 

14.0 

16.3 

12.4 

10.0 

'·' '·' :::I '-' 

$2,2811 

.$2,468 

1,213 

100.0 

19.8 

16.9 

36.3 

27.1 

$1,685 

$1,514 

Total 

1,376 

100.0 

17 .o 

'·' '-' 

12.4 

18.6 

,., '·' 

'·' '·' '·' u 

'·' $2,604 

$2.453 

1,206 

100.0 

20.6 

16.9 

32.8 

28.1 

'-' 

$1,692 

$1,501 

White 

Male head 1 

996 

100.0 

16.4 

'·' u 

12 .o 19.8 

'·' 

10.6 

$2,711 

$2,519 

,, 

100.0 

~::~ I' 

" ' ' ' 

$1,6381 

$1,106 

1For fa,.ilies, sex of tlte famUy head; !or unrelated >ndivtduals, se~ of the >ndividual. 

) 

Female 

head' 

100.() 

18.6 

14,0 

12.2 

13.0 

15.5 

10.5 

.., 

u 

'·' '-' 

'·' 

$2,201 

$2,279 

"' 

100.0 

19.3 

16.4 

34.1 

30.2 

$1,710 

$1,538 

! 

Total 

"'' 

100.0 

'"' '-' 

12.0 

17 .o 13.5 

11.0 

'"' '-' 

'"' ,.. 

LO 

'·' $2,625 

$2. 950 

100.0 

22.6 

17.7 

36.5 

21.4 

LO 

$1,634 

$1,452 

Negro 

Male 1\ead' 

"' 

100.0 .., 

'·' '-' 

15.1 

18.5 

12.9 

10.1 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' '·' $3,022 

$3,496 

100.0 

26.4 

16.9 

25.3 

25.8 

'·' 

$1,633 I $1, 444 

Female 

head' 

"' 

100,0 

12 .o 10.7 

15.3 

18.3 

10.4 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '-' 

$2,327 

$2,605 

'" 

100.0 

20.6 

18.3 

42.2 

18.9 

$1,632 

$1,456 
113 

Table 37. Source of Income in 1974--Families and Unrelated Individuals by Low-Income Status in 1974 

and Sex of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Source of income 

FAMILIES 

Total. 

Earnings only. 

Wages or salary only .... 

Self-employment income only. 

Wages or salary and self-employment income. 

Earnings and income other than earnings. 

Wages or salary and other income. 

Self-employment income and other income .. 

Wages or salary, self-employment income, 

and other income .. , , . , , . , , , , , , . 

Other income only, no earnings. 

No income in 1974 .. ,,,,,,, 

UNRELATED lNDIVlDUAU> 

Total. 

Earnings only ....•........ 

Wages or salary only ............. , 

Self-employment income only .....•...•..... 

Wages or salary and self-employment income. 

Earnings and income other than earnings. 

Wages or salary and other income. 

Self-employment income and other income. 

Wages or salary, self-employment income, 

and other income.......... , , , , ....•. 

Other income only, no earnings ... 

No income in 1974 .... ,.,. 

B Base leas than 75,000. 

Total 

55,112 

15,544 

13,084 

1,802 "' 33,987 

27,691 

1,826 

4,470 

6,029 

152 

18,872 

5,072 

4, 717 

2>0 

145 

6,537 

5,696 

5<5 

296 

6,847. 

416 

Total 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number uf 

5,109 

1,229 

892 

>69 

169 

1,943 

1,479 

253 

211 

1, 784 

152 

4,820 

915 

821 

" 18 

m 

62< 

129 

2, 714 " 

410 

total 

9. 2 

9 

6,8 

25.1 

9.' 

5 ' 5 3 

13.9 

.., 

29.6 

100.0 

25.5 

18,0 

17.4 

36.2 

12 ' 11 9 

110 

23 7. 

39.6 ' ' 100.0 

Total 

48,470 

,14,469 

12,065 

634 

1, 769 

29,587 

23,611 

1, 720 

4,255 

4,370 

" 

7,890 

2,891 

2,631 

158 

103 

3,219 

2, 752 

2n 

196 

1,626 

155 

1For families, sex of family head; for unrelated individual, sex of individual. 

Below tow-1ncome 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2. 757 

"' 614 

>60 

104 

1,056 

643 

,. 

1,607 

,91 

<20 

13 " 

326 

258 

56 

total 

5.' 

6.5 

5.1 

-25 2 

• 9 3 

3 6 

2 ' U8 

4.5 

,16.5 

(B) 

20.4 

no 

16 0 

36 

12 6 

10 1 

9.4 

20.1 

6 .'1 

39.2 

100.0 

Female head1 

Total 

1, 242 

1,075 

1,019 

23 

33 

4,400 

4,080 

106 

215 

1,659 

108 

10.981 

2,181 

2,086 

52 

42 

3,318 

2,944 

"' 

100 

5,221 

261 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,351 

292 

278 

9 

5 

88' 

836 

32 

20 

1,064 

108 

3,212 

424 ,.1 

19 

5 

,49 

366 

" 

10 

2,077 

261 

total 

325 

27.2 

27 3 

(B) 

(B) 

20 2 

20 5 

30.2 

9 

100,0 

293 

19.4 

19.2 

(B) 

13.5 "' 

12.4 

26.6 

10 0 

39 8 

100.0 
114 

Table 38. Type of Income in 1974--Number and Mean Income of Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Type of income and sex of head 

ALL F(U!ILIES 

Total 

Earn! ngs: 

Wa!\"e or salary income .. , ... , . , .• , ... 

Nonfarm self-employment Income. 

Fann self-employment income,. 

Income other than earnint:"s: 

Social Securt ty I ncomc .... 

Public assistance income .. 

Other transfer tncomc 1 . 

Dividends, interest, and rent .. 

Private pensions, alimony, etc.,. 

Mean Income 

Total .• ,,,,,, .•.........•........... 

Earnings: 

'Wage or salary income ..............•.•..•. 

Nonfarm self-employment income .. , 

Pann self-employment income.,.,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income ...... . 

Public assistance income.,, 

Other transfer income'., 

Dividends, interest, and rent,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Private peno:ion11, alimony, etc .•. 

FAMILIES WITII MALE HEAD 

Total ....•.•......... 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income, .. ,,,, ..•....... ,, .. 

Nonfarm self-employment income .......... . 

Farm self-employment income,,,,,,,,,, .• ,, 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security 1 ncome, , , , , , , .. , . , , , , , • , , , 

Public assistance income.,,, .....•. ,,,, .•. 

Other transfer income 1 ,,,,,, ••••• ,.,,,,,,, 

Dividends, interest, and rent .. . 

Private pensions, nlimony, etc ...... . 

Mean Income 

Total. 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income ....•.. , .. ,, ......•.. 

Nonfarm self-employment income ... . 

Farm set f-employment income, ........ . 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income ...•. , .........•..•. 

Public assistance income .................• 

Other transfer income 1 • 

Dt vidcnds, interest, and rent .... 

Private pensions, alimony, etc .. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

55,712 

47' 048 

6, 539 

2, 576 

12,162 

4, 359 

10,296 

27' 243 

6, 581 

13,434 

7' 962 

4,518 

3,043 

1' 1!94 

2' 081 

1' 169 

2, 075 

41!, 470 

41,701 

6,239 

2, 488 

9, 725 

1' 982 

9,205 

25,104 

4' 883 

$15,465 

14,277 

8, 160 

4, 503 

3, 131 

1, 559 

2, 129 

1' 154 

2,050 

Number of 

5, 109 

2, 750 

m "' 

1, 220 

2, 043 

"' S.1 

"' 

2,356 ,, 

-2,068 

2,026 

2,090 

1' 242 

"' 

2, 757 

1, 612 

'" ,63 

570 "' 

,, "' 

'" 

$2,777 

2. 907 

,, 

-2,132 

2, 076 

1, 744 

1, 312 

1,110 "' 

total 

,., 

5.8 

u 

14.6 

10,0 

46,9 

5 .o 

'-' 8., 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

·(X) 

(X) 

(X) "'

(X) 

5.' 

6.6 '·' 

14,6 

8.5 

28.8 

u 

'-' 

'·' 

(X) 

(X) 

"' (X) 

"' (X) 

(X) 

"' "' 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

49,451 

41' 852 

6, 208 

2, 480 

10,896 

2, 804 

9, 387 

26,089 

6, 069 

$15,047 

13,860 

8,047 

4, 614 

3,107 

1, 784 

2, 113 

1,194 

2,108 

44,238 

37.914 

5 '952 

2,396 

8,928 

1,517 

8,479 

24,106 

4, 604 

$15,112 

14,531 

8,234 

4, 595 

3,176 

1, 496 

2,153 

1,179 

2,063 

Number of 

3, 482 

1, R19 

<09 

"' 

1' "' 103 

382 

"' "' 

$2,569 

2, 500 

-2,387 '" 

2,092 

1, 998 

1, 254 

1,0~8 "' 

2,185 

1, 226 

"' "' 

"' ,5 

,., 

<96 

D5 

$2,597 

2, 992 

'61 

-2,470 

2,117 

1' 657 

1, 298 

1, "' 029 

total 

'-' 

'-6 

13.8 

'-' 

J9.3 

'.1 

, ' 6.9 

"' 

(X) 

"' "' 

"' (X) 

(X) 

(X) 

"' 

'.9 

'-' 

.., 

13.7 

26.0 

'· 6 '-' 

,_, 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(Xl 

(X) "' 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Total Percent 

5' 498 

4,517 ,, 

81 

1, 154 

1, 504 

'" "' "' 

$9,515 

9,467 

4, 556 

1, 345 

2, 482 

2,086 

1, 721 

1, 570 "' 

3, 558 

3,186 

"' " 

"' "6 

"' "' "' 

$11,565 

11,192 

5,057 

1' 368 

2, 648 

l, 726 

1, 826 

l' "' 736 

Number ;or 

1, 530 

,,. 

" " 

"' "' "' 

116 " 

$3,134 

2,067 

(8) 

(8) 

1' 863 

2,200 

1,226 

"' '" 

506 

'" " " 

168 

1" 

,. 

" " 

$3,494 

2,664 

(B) 

(8) 

l, 972 

1, 910 

(8) 

(B) 

(8) 

total 

27,8 

19.3 

22.3 

38.3 

29.0 

60,7 

14' 2 

5.6 

26,5 

(X) 

"' '" 

(X) 

(X) 

(X} 

(X) 

(X) 

14.2 

10,9 

16.1 

39.2 

23.6 

37.4 

11.3 

<.5 

11.5 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

'" (X) 
115 

Table 38. Type of Income in 1974--Number and Mean Income of Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands, f"amilies and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Type of income and sex of head 

FAMILIES WITH FEMALE HEAD 

Total .. 

Earnings; 

Wage or salary income ..•..•... ,,.,,,,,, ... 

Nonfarm self-employment income.,.,.,,, .. ,. 

Farm self-employment income .•.. ,., 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income .... , ... , .. ,, ...... . 

Public assistance income ... , .. ,., ........ . 

Other transfer income' ............... .. 

Dividends, interest, and rent,,,,, ......•. 

Private pensions, alimony, etc ..........•. 

Mean lncome 

Total .•.•.......•.••..•.•..•••....•••• 

Earnings; 

Wage or salary income ..•..•.•.•. ,,,,., •.•. 

Nonfarm self-employment income, .• , ...• ,, .. 

Farm self-employment income •• ,,., •.•.• , .. , 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income .•. , ..•.•..• ,., ..•.. 

Public assistance income .. ,,,., ..•.• ,, ••.. 

Other transfer income' ....•.•.• , •. ,, •..... 

Dividends, interest, and rent ........... .. 

Private pensions, alill<;>ny, etc ..•... 

ALL UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total .................•.....•.•..•.... 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income .. , ...•..... , .....•.. 

Nonfann self-employment income .. ,.,., ..... 

Fann self-employment income, .. ,., .. ,., .• ,, 

Income other than earnings; 

Social Security income, .........•....••.•• 

Public as11istance income •. : ..• ,,., .•.••. ,. 

Other tran:;fer income'., •..•.•. ,, ..•.....• 

Dividends, interest, and rent .... , .••..•. , 

Private pension:;, alimony, etc •....•. , .•.. 

Mean Income 

Total. ••....•......••. , ..•.•.•.•..•..• 

Earnings; 

Wage or salary income ........ ,, .....•..• ,, 

Nonfarm self-employment income •... ,, ....•. 

Fann :;elf-employment income., ........• , ... 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income •. , ... ,.,,., .•.. ,, .• 

Public a:;sistance income., .........•...• ,. 

Other transfer income 1 ...... , .......•..•.. 

01 vidends, interest, and rent .. :, .. 

Private pensions, alimony, etc •.. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

7. 242 

5' 347 

300 

" 

2, 437 

2, 378 

1, 091 

2,139 

1, 698 

$8,059 

6,863 

3,639 

4, 944 

2, 693 

2,173 

1, 673 

1' 347 

2,148 

18, 872 

10,654 

904 

30, 

6,962 

1, 656 

2,566 

8,014 

2, 069 

$6,059 

6, 648 

4, 742 

2, 290 

2,061 

1,195 

1, 799 

1, 259 

1, 891 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

2, 351 

1,138 

" " 

3" 

1' 473 

1" 

142 

3" 

$2,716 

1, 575 

(B) 

(B) 

1 '921 

2,224 

I,023 

332 

1,035 

4,620 

1, 465 

178 

" 

2,146 

1, 039 

309 

1, 054 

"0 

$1,443 

1,144 

2B6 

(B) 

1, 486 

1,030 

9'0 

281 

"' 

total 

32.5 

. 

21,3 

19.0 

14.8 

16.1 

61.9 

11. 4 

6.6 

22.3 

,,, 

"' '" ,,, 

,,, 

'" "' '" '" 

25.5 

13.7 

19.7 

_22 .3 

30,7 

62.7 

13.9 

13.2 

17' 4 

"' 

,,, 

'" '" 

,,, '" 

,,, 

,,, '" 

Total 

5, 212 

3,938 

'" " 

1 '968 

1, 287 

908 

1,983 

1, 465 

$8,893 

7,403 

3,686 

5,160 

2, 796 

2.123 

1, 737 

1, 372 

2,250 

16,252 

9, 262 

8" 

302 

6,277 

1, 183 

2,325. 

7,697 

1, 894 

$6,286 

7,032 

4, 844 

2, 324 

2,097 

1,177 

1,632 

1, 292 

1, 887 

White 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1, 297 

"' " " 

220 

708 

75 

125 

"1 

$2,522 

l, 483 

(B) 

(B) 

2,019 

2, 188 

1,073. 

301 

1, 072 

3, 773 

1,152 

102 

" 

1, 761 

69' 

300 

1,007 

303 

$1,454 

1' 148 

146 

(B) 

1, 493 

903 

9'3 

280 

007 

total 

24.9 

15.1 

13.7 

15.5 

11.2 

55,0 

'-' 

6.3 

19.2 

,,, 

,,, '" 

"' 

'" 

,,, '" 

'" '" 

23.2 

12.4 

18.4 

21.5 

28,1 

59.0 

13,1 

13. 1 

16.0 

'" 

'" 

,,, "' 

'" "' '" "' ,,, 

Total 

1, 940 

1, 331 

" 2 

443 

1, 068 

173 

"' 219 

$5,756 

5, 337 

(B) 

"' 

2, 215 

2, 233 

1, 343 

1, 405 '" 

2, 347 

1, 393 

70 

3 

008 

457 

239 

201 

141 

$4,532 

5, 753 

"' (8) 

1, 721 

1, 222 

1, 538 

460 

1,505 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,024 

024 

21 

167 

750 

43 

14 

91 

$2,956 

1, 673 

(B) 

(B) 

1, 753 

2, 263 

(B) 

971 "'

961 

278 

25 

3 

367_ 

338 

44 

43 

" 

$1,407 

1,126 

(B) 

(B) 

1,470 

1,096 

(B) 

(B) 

"' 

total 

52.8 

39.4 

(B) 

(B) 

37.7 

70.2 

24.9 

112 

41.6 

,,, 

,,, 

,,, '" 

"' '" ,,, 

"' '" 

41.0 

20.0 

(B) 

(B) 

55.8 

74.0 

18.4 

17. 1 

31.2 

'" 

'" "' "' 

'" '" 

,,, '" 

"' 
116 

Table 38. Type of Income in 1974--Number and Mean Income of Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex ana Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Type of income and sex of head 

MALE UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total ....•..........• , •....•....• , •. 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income., ..•... ,,., .. ,,, .•• , 

Nonfarn~ self-employment income.,, .....•..• 

Farm self-employment income .....•..... 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income •......•.•..•.•....• 

Public assistance income,.,,,, •.. ,,,,,.,., 

Other transfer inconu:~ . . .. , • , . , , • , . , . 

01 vidends, interest, and rent,, ... 

Private pensions, alimony, .etc ....•.•....• 

Mean Income 

Total •......•....•.... , •.•.•. , ..•.••.• 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income,.,, .•. ,,, •. ,,, •.• ,,, 

Nonfarm self-employment income.,,,.,,,,.,, 

Farm self-employment income .. ,, ....• ,, ..• , 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income,,,, .•.•....•.. , .•.. 

Public assistance income., ..• ,., .•.•.••.. , 

Other transfer income 1 ..•..•............ 

Dividends, interest, and rent .. ,., .•...••. 

Private pensions, alimony, etc, •..•. 

FEMALE UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total ..........•..•.•..•.•.. , ....•.•.• 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income ........... , ....... .. 

Nonfarm self-employment income., .... ,, ••.. 

Farm self-employment income,,,,, •. ,,, •.. ,, 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security incc.ne ••. , ..•..• ,, ..•. ,,,. 

Public aasistance income.,, •.. , ......• , ... 

Other transfer income 1 .,,,.,,,,.,,,, •. ,,,, 

01 vidends, interest, and rent,,,,,,,,.,,., 

Private pensions, alimony, etc .. , .....•... 

Mean Income 

Total ...••...•.•..•.•...•.•. , •.•....• , 

Earnings: 

Wage or salary income ... , ......... , .... , .. 

Nonfann self-employment income •.• , .•.•..•. 

Farm self-employment income,,, .•......• , .• 

Income other than earnings: 

Social Security income ................... , 

Public assistance income ..•. , •.•.... , .• , •• 

Other transfer income'., ......• , •.•..•.•.. 

Dividends, interest, and rent ••..•.•..•.• , 

Private pensions, alimony, etc .••.•.. ,.,,, 

Total 

7. 890 

5' 681 

58< 

150 

1, 686 

1, "' 246 

2, 802 

733 

7,886 

5,803 

2, 372 

2, 165 

1' 228 

1' 773 

1,099 

2, 421 

10,981 

5' 173 

320 

155 

5,296 

1,188 

1, 342 

5, 212 

1, 336 

$4,964 

5,708 

2,805 

2, 211 

2,028 

1,182 

1, 823 

1, 345 

1, 600 

All races 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number uf 

1' 607 

7" 

100 

38 

467 

1., "' 

25B 

,. 

$1,355 

1, 250 

434 

'" 

1' 506 

1, 072 

1' 117 

,04 

'" 

3, 212 

"' " ,0 

1, 679 

765 

'16 

705 

'" 

$1,487 

1,049 

(B) "

1, 483 

1,015 "B 

,06 

"' 

total 

20.4 

12,4 

17.1 

25.3 

27.7 

58,5 

11.5 

, 

12.8 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

29,3 

15,1 

24.4 

19.4 

31.7 

64.4 

16.1 

15,3 

19,9 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

Total 

6,544 

4, 748 

54' 

"' 

1, 407 

'" 1' 074 

2,651 

"' 

$7,980 

B, 141 

5, 913 

2, 443 

2,211 

1,245 

1, 818 

1' 134 

2, 430 

9, 708 

4, 514 

"' 155 

4,870 

1, 251 '" 5,046 

1' 262 

$5, 144 

5,865 

2,811 

2, 211 

2,064 

1,151 

1, 844 

1,375 

1, 615 

Whit .. 

Below low->nCOIIle 

levul 

Percent 

Number of 

1, 200 

m 

" " 

'" 

115 "' 

'4B 

,. 

$1,362 

1' 250 

'" (B) 

1' 473 

1, 057 

1,084 

'"' (B)

2,573 

600 

65 

'0 

1, 415 

507 

lBO 

758 

"' 

$1,497 

1,054 

(B) 

(B) 

1, 498 

OGB "4 

no 

BOB 

total 

18.3 

11.6 

16.1 

23,8 

24.6 

58.6 

10,7 

B. 4 

11,7 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

26.5 

13.3 

22.8 

19.4 

2B.1 

59.2 

15,2 

15.0 

18.1 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

.- Represents :~:ero, B Base less than 75,000, X Not applicable. 1

Includes unemployment and workmen's compensation, goverllJ!Ient employee pensions, and v~t.,rans' payments. 

Total 

1,171 

'00 

" , 

"' "' 15B 

118 

70 

$5,656 

6, 757 

(B) 

(B) 

1, 940 

1,168 

1, 503 

461 

(B) 

1,176 

"' " 

406 

no 

80 

"' 71 

.13,413 

4,3911 

(B) 

(B) 

1,585 

1,245 

1, 608 

45B 

(B) 

Negro 

Below low-income 

level 

Percent 

Number of 

total 

"1 29.9 

111 

" , 

108 

84 

22 

7 

B 

1, 249 

(B) 

(B) 

1, 650 

1,1ll 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

611 

"B 

'" 

36 " 

" 

1, 044 

(B) 

(B) 

1, 395 

1,091 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 

13.9 

(B) 

(B) 

42.9 

61.3 

13.8 

5 .B 

(B) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

51.9 

28.2 

(B) 

(B) 

63.8 

79,4 

27.5 

27.1 

(B) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

~~(X) * (X) 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 
.... 

117 

Table 39. Income of'Specified Type as Percent of Total Income in 1974--Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands, Families and unrelated individuals as o! March 1975, For this table, famllies and unrelated individuals reporting 

a loss in self-employment or rental income are assigned $1.00 in that type of income) 

Income of specified type us 

percent of total income 

FAMILIES 

All Income Levels 

Income !rom earnings 

Total. .... 

to 24 percent .......••............••......• 

25 to 49 percent .•.•.. , ..•... • • ..... 

50 to 74 percent .••...••....• ·· ..•. ······••·• 

75 to 99 percent. .•.•..•............. 

100 percent •..•........• ···•· • · · • · • · · · · · · · · • · 

Social Security income 

Total .•.••.....•• ····•··············· • · 

1 to 24 percent .•••••...•...•.••.•.••. · • · .•.. 

25 to 49 pel'cent •.•.•.••..•.••.•.•..• · • • · ...• 

50 to 74 percent •.••.•.......•.••.•....• ···•. 

75 to 99 percent ........................... .. 

100 percent •••.•.••.•.•.. ••·•· .. ·•··•·• • • • • · · 

Public aasi .. tllnce inc(XIle 

Total .•.... , ••..•..•.••.•......•..•••.• 

1 to 24 percent •.••.•.•..••.•••..•.••.•..••.. 

25 to 49 percent •••.•.••..•....•....•• · •.· .••. 

50 to. 74 percent ••..••....••....••..•..• ··· .. 

75 to 99 percent ••.•.•.••.••.••...•.•. ·•· .... 

100 percent ...•.••••.•...• ·•·• ... ·•··•·· • · · • • 

Other transfer income 2 

Total •..•..•.•.•.•. ··•·· .. •····• • • • · · · · 

to 24 percent ••..•.......... , •.. : ..••..•... 

25 to 49 percent •..•..•..••.•...••.•..•. ·•• .. 

50 to 74 percent ..••••..•.••.•..•. , .••..•• ·· .. 

75 to 99 percent ..•••••...•• ·• .....• •··•·· • •• 

100 percent.,, •..•.•• , •.•..•• · ..•.••• ···•·· • • 

Other unearned income' 

Total .•..... ,, ... ,,,, ........... , •..... 

1 to 24 percent •.•. , •••..••• ·· ..•• ···•·····•• 

25 to 49 percent .•..•.•. , •..•.•....•.•. ·•·· •• 

50 to 74 percent ..• ,., .•..••• · .•.• ··•·•·· • •. · 

75 to 99 percent ..•. , • , •..•. · • .•..•• • · · • · · • · · 

100 percent ••.•. , •.•.•• ·•··•·• ••• ····· • · •• · · · 

Below Low-Income Level 

Inr.nme :frttll earnings 

Total •.• , ••.•.• ,, •.••.•• , •.•.••• •• .•••• 

to 24 percent .• ,, ••..•. , •.••.•.••.•..•. ,, •. 

25 to 49 percent .. ,,, .•.• ,, •.•... , •.••.•.• · •. 

50 to 74 percent .•.•... , ••.•..• , •.•..•• ···· •• 

75 to 99 percent ....................... ·· .. .. 

100 percent •....•.•. , ................ ······:. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

TotBl 

49,529 

2,252 

2,182 

4,149 

25,404 

15, 543 

12,162 

4,528 

3,037 

2,341 

1,491 

765 

4,359 

1,804 

"' "' 365 

8" 

10,296 

7' 753 

1, 640 

580 

259 

58 

29,934 

25,654 

2, 551 

1, 079 

429 

221 

3,172 

"' 364 

J47 

1,227 "' 

All races 

Male 

head 1 

44,054 

1, 579 

. 1, 567 

3, 025 

23,416 

14,468 

9, 725 

3,476 

2,413 

1,940 

1,261 

635 

1, 982 

1' 208 

367 

"' 74 

362 

9, 205 

7,001 

1,391 

523 

240 

50 

26,742 

23,403 

2,031 

884 

315 

"' 

1, 992 

318 

148 

171 

361 

935 

Female 

head' 

613 

615 

1,124 

1, 988 

1, 075 

2,437 

1, 052 

624 

401 

230 

130, 

2,378 

596 

4<1 

308 

. 290 

136 

1, 091 

752 

249 

63 

19 

8 

3,192 

2,251 

519 

196 

114 

112 

1,180 

335 

"' 176 

160 

292 

Total 

44,232 

1, 881 

1,858 

3,658 

23, 677 

13,158 

10,896 

4,093" 

2, 722 

2, 089 

1,360 

632 

2,804 

1,307 

521 

287 

202 

481 

9,387 

7,104 

1,476 

526 

238 

" 

28,384 

24,303 

2,421 

1,042 

411 

201 

2,194 

464 

226 

224 

386 

893 

White 

Male 

head 1 

40, 183 

1,424 

1, 412 

2, 771 

22,074 

12,502 

8, 928 

3,212 

2,215 

1, 778 

1,179 

545 

1, 517 

950 

218 

115 

56 

118 

8,478 

6,469 

1,269 

480 

222 

38 

25,557 

22,335 

1, 953 

"' 310 

95 

1, 574 

294 

110 

139 

297 

733 

Female 

head 1 

4, 049 

458 

446 

887 

1, 603 

655 

1, 968 

881 

507 

312 

181 

" 

1,287 

357 

249 

112 

H6 

362 

908 

636 

207 

46 

16 

4 

2,827 

1,968 

468 

111 

107 

106 

620 

110 

116 

85 

160 " 

I 

Total 

1.,581. 

J44 

284 

438 

1,362 

2, 156 

1, 154 

386 

283 

236 

123 

126 

1, 504 

480 

276 

1" 

150 

411 

'" 

563 

HO 

59 

18 

13 

1,122 

867 

"' 31 

8 

11 

812 

238 

"' 111 

120 

312 

Negro 

Male 

head 1 

3, 237 

145 

122 

212 

1,003 

1, 75'1 

711 

224 

111 

155 

74 

" 

246 

85 

52 

15 

38 

448 

100 

42 

15 

8 

800 

718 

58 

15 

2 

6 

315 

80 

26 

32 

51 

1" 

Female 

head' 

1, 347 

188 

162 

226 

358 

401 

443 

162 

112 

" 48 

38 

1, 068 

234 

182 

135 

312 "' 

114 

36 

11 

3 

4 

322 

247 

46 

11 

1 

531 

158 

" ,, 

69 

126 
118 

Table 39. Income of Specified Type as Percent of Total Income in 1974--Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975, For th1s table, families and unrelated individuals report1ng 

a loss in self-employment or rental 1ncome are assigned $1.00 in that type of 1ncome) 

Income of specified type as a 

percent of total income 

FAMILIES--Continued 

Below Low-Income Level -Continued 

Social Security income 

Total ........•..•....••..•.•... 

to 2<! percent ............................. . 

25 to <!9 percent: .•.•.•....•....•.... 

50 to 7<1 percent ........................... .. 

75 to 99 percent .........•....•..•.......•.•. 

100 percent ............•.....•....•.....• 

Public assistance income 

Total. ..............•....•.•........... 

1 to 24 percent ..........•....•..•..........• 

25 to <!9 percent .............•..•..•. 

50 to 74 percent ..•.........•....•.....•...•• 

75 to 99 percent ........•......••..•.......•. 

100 percent .•...•........•....••..•... 

Other transfer income• 

Total. •.. 

1 to 24 percent •.•.......•....... , ..••..•.•.• 

/ 25 to <!9 percent ........................... .. 

/ 50 to 74 percent .....•.......•....•..••...... 

( 75 to 99 percent ..•.•....•..•.......•.•...... 

100 percent ••....•.•.........•..•.••..•.•.... 

Other unearned income 3 

Total ....•......•... 

1 to 24 percent ...•.....•..•.••....•. 

25 to 49 percent •.•..•.•.•.....•..•.•..•..•.• 

50 to 7<! percent.... .. ......... .. 

75 to 99 percent •.••..............•.........• 

100 percent ....•..••..•.••.•.......•.....•.•. 

UNRELATEO INDIVIDUALS 

All Income Levels 

Income from earnings 

Total ..•• 

to 24 percent. ........................ . 

25 to 49 percent .................•.......•... 

50 to 74 percent .............•...... 

75 to 99 percent. . ..••...•.....•..... 

100 percent .............. ; .. 

Social Security income 

Total •..•.•..•. 

1 to 24 percent ... , .. 

25 to 49 percent .•.......•.. 

50 to 7<! percent ........•... 

75 to 99 percent. . ........ , .•.... 

100 percent ....... , .•......•.....•.•..•..•... 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

1,220 

"I 

~:;I "' "' 

2, 043 

328 

'04 "' 

'" '" 

I 513 ) 

I 

,08 

>SO 

" " 30 

1' 134 

6<0 

"' 

'"' "' 

11' 609 

"' "' "' 4,186 

5' 072 

6, 9R2 

'OO 

1' 505 

1,804 

1' 576 

1,398 

I 

All races 

head ""'" 1 

"8 

" :::I. '" "' 

"8 

"' '"'I " 

"I 

"' 

400 

" " 

40 " 

6' 111 

"' "' 

2,248 "' 

2,891 

1,686 

,0, 

H9 

"0 

"' 3" 

I 

Female 

head 1 

"' 

~!II " " 

I 

, ·::: I' ,0, 

"' "'I "' 

i 

I 1241 

~~ I 1: ! 

sl 

i 

I 489 I 

' 

2<!0) 

" 52 

" " 

5,499 

500 

430 

45> 

1, 938 

2' 181 

5,296 

1,086 "' 

1,363 

1,313 

'1 ,037 

Total 

862 

" 

185 '" 

"' "' 

1, 103 

'" "' "0 

"' "' 

'" "' 50 

" ,0 

8<0 

"' HO 

9,961 

643 

"' 

3,863 "' 

<1,030 

6,277 

580 

1' 391 

1 '579 

1,463 

1' 164 

White 

Male 

head' 

6421 

251 

95 

'" "' "' 

"'I "' " " " " 

3M 

"' " 

38 " 

" 

575 

"0 

" 40 

36 " 

5,146 

208 

'63 "' 

2,050 

2,262 

1,407 

358 "' 

30> 

229 

"' 

Female 

head 1 

" " so 

63 

" 

'OS 

32 

" ' ' ' 

m 

" " 

66 " 

4,815 

"' 386 

4H 

l' 812 

1, 76R 

4,870 

483 

1,033 

1 ,21!1 

1 ,233 

903 

Total ! 

I 

335 

' 

98 

" w 

"I 

' 

l ,444 

80 

83 

" "' 832 

658 

WB " ,0, 

WB 

"' 

i 

Negro 

Male 

head 1 

,., I 

"I 38 

" " " . 

"3 

32 " 

33 

32 " 

" 

20 " 

" 4 

5 

" 8 

3 

2 

828 

"I " 50 

544 '" 

6 

56 

66 

" " 

Female 

head 1 

'" 

38 

46 

20 " 

32 

uo " 

uo 

H8 

338 

" 

20 

" 8 

2 

W6 

" 32 

' 

5 

" " " 

388 " 

406 

u 

52 

"' 

'" 
119 

Table 39. Income of Specified Type as Percent of Total Income in 1974--Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975. For this table, families and unrelated individuals reporting 

a loss in self-employment or rental inCOIIIE' are a5signed $1.00 111 that type ot income) 

Income of specified type as 

percent of total income 

UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS--Continued 

All Income Levels--Continued 

Public assistance income 

Total., 

1 to 24 percent ... , .. . 

25 to 49 percent ..... . 

50 to 74 percent, •.•.... ,, ....•.. , ......•.. ,. 

75 to 99 percent., ......... , ..... ,, ........ . 

100 percent .....•.. , .•...•.. 

Other transfer income• 

Total ..•..•.. , ........• , •...... 

1 to 24 percent.,,, ........ ,,, .............. . 

25 to 49 percent .•••..••.••. ,., •..••. , •...•.. 

50 to 74 percent.,,, •...•.•.. · ••.•.•.. ,, ••.•.. 

75 to 99 percent .•...•••...••.•••••..•..•.•.. 

100 percent •....••.•.••...•••.•.•.•.•••.••.•• 

Other unearned income' 

Total ..••.........•.•..•.•••..... 

1 to 24 percent •..•...............•.... 

25 to 49 percent. ..••.......•.•..•...••...... 

50 to 74 percent •...•........ , .•......•...•.. 

75 to 99 percent ......•......•.. 

100 percent •..••....•••.•..•...••.......•.... 

Below Low- Income Level 

Income !rom earnings 

Total •....•.•••....•...•••......••..... 

to 24 percent .••.•..•.•.•....•....•.....•.• 

25 to 49 percent ...•••.•..•..•.•••..•.••..••. 

50 to 74 percent •.•.•.•••..•....•. , ..•.•..••• 

75 to 99 percent ..•........••••.....•.•..•... 

100 percent •••..•••....•.•.......•.•.. 

Social Security income 

Total. ••......•...•... 

1 to 24 percent............ . ........ . 

25 to 49 percent ..•......•.•........ , .••..... 

50 to 74 percent ..•.............•.....•.•.•.. 

75 to 99 percent ......•.•..•..•.........•.... 

100 percent .•...•.....••.•....••••...••...... 

Public assistance income 

Total ..•..•................•....•....•. 

to 24 percent .•.....................•..•... 

25 to 49 percent ..... 

50 to 74 percent ...•. 

75 to 99 percent ..•........... 

100 percent., .•.. 

See footnotes at end of t:tb1e. 

Total 

1' 656 

"' «4 

"' 

48' " 

2' 588 

1,249 

'" "' "' >34 

8,828 

5, 741 

1' 463 

"' ,,. 

406 

1,600 

"' "' 106 

255 

915 

2,146 

102 " 

480 

611 

801 

1,039 

222 

264 

" 

.02 " 

All races 

Ma>e 

head 1 

125 

101 

67 

1<9 " 

1,245 

649 

259 

185 

77 

" 

3' 145 

2,302 

.09 

233 

wo 

101 

60 

71 

51 

124 

491 

"' 

12 

32 

W3 

90 

230 

204 

42 

" " 16 

126 

Female 

head 1 

1 '188 

296 

'" 151 

59 

33, 

1, 342 

600 

369 

190 

104 

59 

5,683 

3,439 

1,054 

591 

'" 305 

604 

"' 90 

59 

>31 

<24 

1,679 

19 

130 

"' 522 

632 

160 

209 

" " "' 

Total 

1' 183 

"' "' 166 

60 

"' 

2,325 

1,135 

566 

336 

160 

109 

8,367 

5, 441 

1,393 

"' 366 

356 

1,331 

196 

126 

89 

690 "' 

1, 761 

30 

359 "' 

545 

664 

696 

64 

42 

242 

White 

Malo 

head' 

71 " 

52 

2< 

66 

1,074 

596 

226 

154 

65 

63 

2' 911 

2,155 

365 

"' " " 

650 

66 

56 

41 

111 

"' 

346 

12 

26 

71 

159 " 

190 

35 

36 

" 14 

" 

Female 

head 1 

6" 

239 

2" 

"' 36 

209 

1,251 

599 

360 

162 

95 

46 

5,456 

3, 286 

1,028 

"' 266 

"' 

660 

1,415 

us " 

266 

466 

526 

500 

"' 141 

" 26 

166 

Total 

"' 

66 

116 

45 

26 

182 

236 

W4 

59 

30 

21 

26 

'" 

"' " " 

39 ' 

51 

25 

16 

24 

169 

2 

19 

110 

338 

52 

85 

24 

21 

159 

Negro 

Malo 

head' 

" 30 

12 

4 

61 

156 

62 

" 22 

11 

12 

116 

" 14 

11 

' 8 

10 

90 

109 

5 

" 9 

" 

84 

4 

" 

Female 

head 1 

'20 

" 66 

33 

23 

121 

60 

22 

" 6 

9 

14 

191 

119 

26 

" ' " 

40 

18 

6 

14 

99 

259 

2 

15 

" 

100 " 

254 

44 

" 20 

18 

104 
120 

Table 39. Income of Specified Type as Percent of Total Income in 1974--Families and Unrelated Individuals 

by Low-Income Status in 1974 and Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers '" thousands. Families and unrelated individuals " ,, March 1975. ''" this table, famd ies '"' unrelated individuals reporting ' loss '" se If -em pi oyment " rental Income arc assigned $1.00 '" that type " income) 

An races White Negro Income " specified type " 

! 

percent " total income Total Male Female Total Male~ Female Total "'"" Female head 1 head' head 1 head 1 head 1 head 1 

UNRElATED INDIV !DUALS--Con tinuerl 

Below Low-Income Level--Continued 

Other transfer income 2 

Total ....•. 359 H3 216 305 H5 >90 4< " " ' to 24 peJ:'Cent .... ··········· " 22 49 65 " " 25 to 49 percent ...... , .• ,.,, .•• ,,. 5 4 W3 " " 90 " so to 74 percent" 69 w 3 ••• , .••• , •••••. , ••••••••••••• " 39 38 65 29 36 4 3 " " 99 percent •.. ··············· 35 20 " 32 " " wo percent ... . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 ················· " 39 35 53 29 25 " n n 

Other unearned income3 

Total .......•.•.... , ..•.. , ... , 1, 316 "' 988 1,215 "' "' 83 " " ' to 24 percent, ..•. ················ "' "' 545 "' "' 509 42 ' " 25 to 49 percent •.....•........• ,, •... "' 59 "' "' 50 46 125 6 3 3 to 74 percent, ...•....••.•...•..•. "' " 82 96 " " 5 " ,. 99 percent.,, •.. , ....• , .•..• , •..•..•. ,. 65 " 45 62 " wo 42 percent •...• , .•. ,, ...• , ..•. .............. 239 " "' 208 43 '" 29 6 23 

- Represents :l:ero. , 1

, For fwnilies, sex of family head; for unrelated ind 1 victuals, sex or individual. Unemployment '"' workmen's compensation, government employee pensions, '"' 3Dividends, veterans' payments. interest, rent, private pensions, annuities, alimony, etc. 

' 
121 

Table 40. Size of Income Deficit in 1974 for Families--Families Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 

by Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Old and Sex and Race of Head 

Size ot 1nco10e deficit and number 

of related children under 18 

years 

ALL FAMILIES 

Number,, •••• , •••••• , •••• , • , •••.••••• thousands •• 

Percent .....••....•.•...•.•.••.•.•.••.•.. 

.$1 to $124, •••••••••••• ,., ••••••••••••••••• ,,,, 

$125 to $249 •••••• , •••• ,,, •• ,, ••••••••••••••••• 

$250 to $499 •••••••••••• , , • , •••• , •••••••••••••• 

$500 to $749 ••••••••••••••••••••• ,, ,, •••••••••• 

$750 to $999 •••••• , ••••••••••••••••• , ••• , , , , ••• 

$1,000 to $1,249, ••• ,.,, •••••••••• , •••••••••• ,, 

$1,250 to $1,499,.,,., .•. ,,,, .. , ..•....•.•...•. 

$1,500 to $1,749 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

$1,750 to $1,999, •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

$2,000 to $2,499 ....... ,,., ................. , •• 

$2,500 to $2,999 .............................. . 

$3,000 to $3 ,999 ................ , .. , ......... .. 

$4,000 and over.,,,,,,, •••• ••••••••• , •••• ,, •••• 

ltedian income delict t •.. , ..........•...•..• ,.,, 

Mean income deficit,,, ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Deficit per family member .................... .. 

FAMILIES WITH NO RELATED CHILDREN 

UNDER 18 YEARS 

Number,., , • , ••••••••••••••••••••• , , • thou.!! and~ •• 

.Percent •••••••••••••• ,.,.,,., ••••••••••.• 

$1 to $124., ....... \~ ................ ,. ...... .. 

$125 to $249,,,,,,, ................... ,,,, ••••• 

$250 to $499.,.,,,,, •••••••••••••••••••• ,.,., •• 

~00 to $749,,,,, ................. ,, •• ,, ••••••• 

$750 to $999.,,,,., •••••••••••••••••• ,',,,, ••••• 

$1,000 to $1,249, ............................ .. 

$1,250 to $1,499,..,,. ........................ . 

$1,500 to $1,749 •••••• ,,,, ••••••••••••••••••••• 

t~:~~ ~~ !~:!:!:::::::::: :·:::::::::: :::::::::: $2,500 to $2,999 •••• ···•••• ,, ., •••••••••••••••• 

$3,000 to $3,999 .............. :,,,.,., ••••••••• 

$4,000 and over .. ,; .......................... .. 

Median income deUcit •••••••••••••••••••••• ,,,. 

Mean income deficit •••• , ................. ,,,,,, 

Deflci t )>t!r family fllember •••••••••••••••••• , , , , 

FAMILIES WITH 1 OR MORE RELATED CHILDREN 

UNDI'll 18 YEARS 

Number ••••• , , , , , , , , , , , , • , , • , • , •••••• thoueands, , 

Percent,,,,,,.,., ••••••••••••••••••••• ,,, 

$1 to $124, •• ,,,,,,, ••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,, 

$125 to $249, ••••• , •••••• , •••••••••••••••••••• , 

$250 to $499,,,., •••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,.,, 

$500 to $749,,.,,,,, •••• , •• , ••••••••••••••••• ,, 

$750 to $999,,,.,.,., ...................... ,.,, 

$1,000 to $1,249 .............. ,,,,,,,,, •••••••• 

$1,250 to $1,499 •••••••••••••••••••••• ,,,,,,,., 

$1,500 to $1,749,,,,,., ....................... . 

$1,750 to $1,999,,,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,.,, ••••••••••• 

$2,000 to $2,499,,,,,,,,.''. ••••••••••••••••••••• 

$2,500 to $2,999 •••••••••••••••••••••••••• ,,,,. 

$3,000 to $3,999 ..................... ,,,,, ,., •• 

$4,000 and over ••••••••••• ·•••··••••• ,,,, ...... 

Median income det1c1t, •••••••••••••••••••• ,, ,,, 

l4ean 1nCOU>e deficit,,, ••• , .. , •••••••• ,,.,,,,,,, 

Detici t per family m8111ber ............. , , •• , , , .. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

(Fa.m.ilies as o! March 1915) 

Total· 

5,109 

100.0 

'·' .., 

10.6 

'·' '·' '-' 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

'·' 

11.2 '·' 

'·' $1,538 

$1,845 

''" 

1,234 

100.0 

10,8 

19.5 '·' 

12.2 

'·' '"' 

Male head 

2,757 

100.0 

12.0 

'·' '"' '·' '·' '·' '·' '-' 

'-' 

10,4 

'·' $1,390 

$1.781 

$451 

1,041 

100,0 

11.4 

.. ' 18.1 

12.3 

'·' '-' 4.3 1 -

'·' '·' '·' '·' 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' 

$770 

t1 ,127 

$517 

3,875 

100.0 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

... 

'·' • •• ... 

'-' 

'-' 

10.2 

12.7 '·' 

11.6 

$1,755 

$2,074 

$480 

'"' '-' 

'·' 

$79_3 

$1,156 

"" 

1,716 

100,0 

'"' '·' '·' '·' ••• '·' .., 

'.o 

'-' 

'·' 

12.2 '·' 

14.9 

$1,767 

$2,160 

$429 

F.,..ale 

head 

2,351 

100.0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' ... 

'·' '·' '"' 

10.8 '·' 

12.1 '·' 

.., 

$1,663 

$1.921 

"" 

'" 100.0· 

'-' 

'-' 

27,2 

11.3 

10.3 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·' '-' 

'·' '-' 

"" $974 

'"' 

2,158 

100.0 

... '·'

'·' '·' ... 

'-' 

... 

'·' 

11.1 '·' 

12,9 '·' 

'·' $1 '742 

$2,006 

"" 

Total 

3,482 

100.0 

11.6 

.., 

... 

'"' '·' .. ' 

'·' '·' '-' 

11.1 

'·' $1,414 

$1.772 

$493 

1,015 

100.0 

11,0 

.., 

18.9 

11,8 

.., 

.., '·' 

'"' '·' '-' 

' '"' .. '-' 

$796 

$1,166 ,,~ 

2,467 

100.0 

'·' .., 

... 

... 

... 

. ..'.o 

'.o '"' 

'-' '·' 

12.6 

11.5 

1

1,666 

2,021 

·"" 

White 

Hale head 

2,185 

100,0 

... 

12.6 '·' 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·' .., 

... 

... 

10.3 '·' 

'·' $1,319 

$1,751 

'"'" 

.,, 

100,0 

11,4 

17,7 '·' 

11.7 

'·' '·' .., 

'·' 

.., '·'

'·' '-' 

... 

$826 

$1,187 

$558 

1,290 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '.o 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

••• 12,0 

15,3 

1

1,713 

2,142 

..,. 

Female 

head 

1,297 

1oo.o 

.., '·' 

1o.o 

'·' '·' '-' 

... 

'-' 

10.4 '·' 

12.4 

$1,548 

$1 • 807 

!t648 

'" 

100.0 

'·' '-' 

27.5 

12.5 

.., 

'-' 

'·' '·' '·' 

~ '·' .8· 

'-' 

$637 

$1,013 

$452 

. 

1,177 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '-' 

'·' '.' '-' 

10.6 

13,3 '·' 

'·' $1,625 

$1,888 

'"" 

Total 

1,530 

100,0 

.., '·' 

'·' 

.., '·' 

.., 

5.3 

"·' '-' 

11.2 

11.4 '·' 

10.1 

$1,747 

$2,005 

$472 

"' 100.0 

10,7 

25.0 '·' 

13.8 

13.3 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

'-' 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

$648 

"'" '""' 

1,332 

100,0 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '-' 

12.1 

10,6 

12,8 

11,6 

$1,904 

$2,172 

$<" 

!'legro 

Male head 

'" 100,0 

.., '·' 

'·' '·' .., 

'-' 

'·' '·' 

10,7 '·' 

10.7 '·' 

'·' $1,638 

.f.l-,853 

1404 

100,0 

13 .o 

22.1 

15,3 

12.2 

.., 

'·' '·' '·' '·' '·' '·' 

I"' •oo 

$402 

100.0 

.., '·' 

'-' 

.., 

'-' 

'·' 

10.9 '·' 

12,2 '·' 

.., 

13.6 

12.5 

$1,904 

$2,190 

''"' 

Female 

head 

1 ,024 

100.0 

'-' 

'-' 

'-' 

.., 

'·' '-' 

'-' 

'·' 

11.5 '·' 

10.7 

11.7 

10.5 

$1,813 

:t2 ,080 

.$509 

"' 

,, '" 

"' "' "' ,., 

,., 

,., 

,., 

,, 

,., 

'" 

'" "' "' 

'" 100,0 

'·' '·' '·' .., 

'-' 

'-' 

.., 

... 

'-' 

12.0 

11,5 

12.5 

11.3 

$1,904 

$2,164 

$515 
122 

Table 40. Size of Income Deficit in 1974 for Families--Families Below the Low-Income Level in 1974 

by Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Old and Sex and Race of Head--{;ontinued 

Size of lncom., deficit and number 

or related children under lfl 

years 

FAMILIES WITH 1 REU\.TED CHILD 

UNDER 18 YEARS 

Number... • • • • •••••••• , • · ••• , .•••••• , thousands., 

Median inCoJOe de!icit •••••• ,, ,, , •••• , ,, ••• ,, ,, • 

Mean Income de tiel t. .... , ....... , ............. . 

Deficit per ta .. tly mettber ..•.•.. , ,, .•.••.•...•• 

FAMILIES WITH 2 RELATED CHILDREN 

IDID£11 18 YEARS 

Number,.,,, ••• ,,.,.,,, ••••• ,,,,., ••• thousands., 

Median income deticit ••••••••••••••••••••••• , •• 

Mean !nco""' deficit •.•... , •.•....•... , ........ . 

Deficit per family member,,,, ..... ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

FAMILIES WITI/ 3 R£1..ATED CHILDREN 

UNDER 18 YEARS 

Muaber ••••• ,, •••••••••••••••••• ,.,,. thou~and~., 

Median ineoae detictt, •••••••• ,, ••••••••••• ,. ,. 

Mean in<:oae deUcit ••••••••••••••••••••••• ,,, •• 

Deficit per family member,,, •••••••• ,,, •••••••• 

FAMILIES WITH 4 RELATED CHILDREN 

IJMDER 18 YEARS 

Number,, , ••••• , , , , , •••••••• , • , •••••• thou~ands,. 

Median income deficit, •••••••••••••• , •••••••••• 

llea.n tn<:011e detictt,. ....... , ............ , .... . 

Deficit per familY member ••• , •••••••••••••. 

FAMILIES WITI/ 5 RELATED CHILDRHN 

UNDER 18 YEARS 

NUfllber,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , thousands,, 

Median income de!icit,. ....................... . 

Mean tncoae de!icit ........................... . 

Deficit per family "'""'ber, ................... .. 

FAMILIES WITH 8 OR MORE REU\TEO CHILDREN 

UNDER 18 YEARS 

Mullber •••••• , , : •••••••••• , • , •••••••• thousand~ •• 

Madian income delicit •••• , ,, ." •••••••••••••••••• 

llean in<:OIUI deficit, ••••••••••••••• ,, •••••••••• 

Deficit per faro.Uy merober,,. ...... , ........... , 

- Repreaents o:e:ro. B Bas"e less than 75,000, 

Total 

1,0811 

it' 105 

-h,567 

.t.609 

"' ~1,675 

-$1,857 

.'~526 

$1,830 

1;2,188 

1;471 

$2,116 

.t2,388 

tA29 

"' $2,530 

$2,802 

.$424 

"' .i2,659 

.$3,187 

:);378 

(Fwnilies as of llarch. l'l75) 

All races 

Male head 

'" 1;1,446 

:h,746 

-~546 

$1,744 

.tl,991 

.t490 

'" 

$1' 859 

.$2,260 

-t435 

'" .~1' 976 

$2,320 

1;380 

'" $1,890 

$2,604 

-t367 

'" $2,237 

$2,857 

$327 

Female 

head 

'" .~1 ,370 

$I ,454 

.t666 

562 

$1,626 

$1 ,758 

.$559 

'"' $1 '775 

$2,119 

1;513 

$2,210 

$2,444 

$481 

'" 

$2,914 

$2 '972 

$4110 

'" $3,409 

$3,610 

$448 

Tolal 

'" :tl ,324 

$1 ,564 

. .$609 

'" $1,659 

tl ,909 

1537 

.f,1 ,698 

$2,104 

-i454 

"' 

1

2,074 

. 2,419 

.$428 

'" $2,218 

$2,683 

$395 

'" $2,622 

$3,158 

$375 

White 

Male head 

-~1 ,376 

-'h,762 

'.t557 

"" 

-it' 704 

$2,021 

<1;495 

"' $1 '777 

$2,169 

$422 

$1,926 

$2,357 

. $385 

• 105 

$1,706 

$2,576 

$361 

" $2,555 

$2,969 

$345 

Femal<: 

head 

"' ~1 266 

..tt:405 

~671 

$1,623 

$1,804 

.f.590 

'" "$1,582 

$2,017 

.$508 

"' $2,238 

$2,507 

1:503 

'" '" '" 

" 

'" '" '" 

Total 

.;1 ,555-

.$1,603 

.t633 

"" .tl '714 

p,787 

$512 

'" $2,064 

.t2 ,321 

$498 

"' $2' 165 

$2,349 

'3434 

!

2,910 

. 2,967 

$466 

'" 

$2,469 

$3,121 

$374 

Negro 

lla!e head 

_,1,625 

$t, 781 

t-546 

" 

u ,818 

$1,953 

1475 

'" "' "' 

"' '"' '" 

" 

'"' '" "' 

" 

'" '" '"' 

Female 

· head 

243 

.;1 ,527 

!I ,547 

-!-671 

,, 

:tl,65l 

.h,721 

-'ts28 

"' $1 ,961 

12,252 

$523 

'" 

" $3,491 

$3,631 

.$450 

Table 41. Size of Income Deficit in 1974 for Unrelated Individuals--Unrelated Individuals Below the 

Low-Income Level in 1974 by Sex and Race 

-···-------~ 

Sh:e of income deficit 

. ' Number ••.•• ;_.·;...:.>"-: ... 

~;;nt ..... 

········;···thousands •• 

$1 to $124 ................... . 

$125 tn $249 ... 

$250 to $499 •.•.• , • • • • • ..• , ••.• , •••• 

$500 to $749 ........ 

$750 to $999 •.•.•••• 

$1,000 tO $1,249,,,,,. , , ,. .... , .... • ... 

$1,250 tO $1,499 .... 

$1,500 to $1,749,,. 

$1,750 to $1,999 ••. 

$2,000 a.nd over ... 

lied la.n incooae detici t,, , , , , , 

Aft>JUl income deficit ................. .. 

(Unrelated i.ndtviduals a.s of March 1975) 

TOtal 

4' 820 

100,0 

'·' 

17,8 '·" 

l4 ,II 

11.1 

'·' '"' '·' 

16,5 '·' 

$756 

.tt.OOl 

All races 

lisle head 

1,607 

100,0 

'·' 

11.4 '·" 

15.1 

11.7 

'"' 

5, '"' 7

'-' 

22.8 

$959 

$1,189 

3,212 

100,0 

.., 

21.0 '·' 

14.7 

10.7 

'·' 

.., '·' 

13.3 '·' 

$674 

$907 

TOtal 

3, 773 

100,0 

'-' 

... 

17,6 

14,4 

10.7 

'·" '·' '"' 

15.8 '·' 

$738 

$979 

White 

Male bead 

1, 200 

100,0 

'-' 

'-' 

10,9 

15.7 

11.2 

'·' '·' '-' 

u 

22,0 

$937 

$1,162 

Fetl!sle 

hesd 

2,573 

100.0 

10.5 

20.7 

13.11 

10.4 

'"' '"' '"' 

12.9 '·' 

$662 

$894 

TOtal 

'" 

100.0 

'·' 

18.8 '"' 

16,2 

13,6 

'"' '"' '"' 

18.6 '·' 

$815 

$1,0611 

Negro 

l!ale helld 

100,0 

'-' 

14.2 '"' 

11.9 

15,7 

... 

'-' '"' 

.., 

27,6 

$985 

$1,286 

Femllle 

head 

100,0 

u 

21.4 '"' 

18,7 

12.4 

'-' '"' 

'-' 

13.6 '"' 

$713 

"" 
123 

Table 42. Persons of Spanish Origin by Low-Income Status in 1974, MetropolitanNonmetropolitan Residence, Family Status, and Sex. of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Family status and sex of head 

ALL INCOME LEVELS 

All Persons 

Total .. 

65 years and over .. 

In families ...•..............•..•........••.. 

Head. 

Related children under 18 years 1 .,., .. ,, ... 

Related_children under 6 years .•...... :. 

Other family members •..•..•..... , ......... . 

Unrelated individuals ............• : ...•...... 

Male .•.••.•••••••••• , •.•••••••••• ,, ••••••• , 

Female .... , ...... ,,., .... , ....•.... , .•.•. , 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

Total., •........... ,., ................ . 

Head •••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••.• 

Related children under 18 years' .......•...•. 

Related children under 6 years •..•.•. , ...•. 

Other family members ...•......•........••. , .. 

Persons in FamiliCs With ~emale Head 

Total ...•............ , ...... ,, ....... . 

Head ..•....•........•••.• , ....•...•.•..•...•. 

Related children under 18 years 1 ...... , ..... 

Related children under 6 years.,,., ..••.. 

Other family members ....•..•....••.•.•....•.. 

BELOW LOW-INCOME LEVEL 

All Persons 

Total ... ,., .•.....••.... ,,.,, .. ·., ...•.• 

65 years and over ..•.....•....•.•..•. 

In families •.. , •• , •.•.• ,,.,, ...•..• , ... , •.... 

Head •.••.•. , •...•...• ': •.•..•..... ,, •..•..•. 

Related children under 18 years' •.......... 

· Related children under 6 years ••...... , .• 

Other family members .....••.•.• , .• , ..•.•..• 

Unrelated individuals .......•.•....•...••••.• 

Male .....•.••.... , .....••.•.••• , •.•....•• ,, 

Female •• , .••. , ....•..•.••.•..•.•• , •. , ••..•. 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

Total .•.•........•...•.••.•• , •.•.••••.. 

Head .......••..•.•....••.•. , ...•.• , •..•. , ... , 

Related children under 18 years'.,,,.,,, •.• ,, 

Related children under. 6 years, •• ,.,., ..... 

Other family members., •.•....•.•. , •••....•..• 

Persons in Families With Female Head 

Total ..•.•. , .. , •...•.••.•.••.•...•••••• 

Head ....•..•.•••....••.•.•.•......•••.•••••.• 

Related children under 18 years' .•....•..•. ,. 

Related children under 6 years, •. ,.,.,,,,., 

Other fa.mily members ............ , .•.•.••...•• 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

11,202 

407 

10,589 

2,477 

4,943 

1,692 

3,169 

6131 

368 

2<5 

8,858 

2,012 

3,974 

1,396 

2,872 

1 '732 

466 

565 

"' 207 

-2,601 

116 

2,394 

027 

1,433 

500 

434 

207 

107 

100 

1,473 

256 

813 

257 

364 

521 

231 

615 

204 

71 

Total 

9,151 

324 

8,632 

2,058 

3,965 

1,337 

2,609 

519 

307 

212 

7,112 

1,645 

3,121 

1,091 

2,346 

1,519 

412 

843 

248 

264 

1,975 

82 

1,825 

407 

1,107 

374 

311 

t;O 

70 

" 

1,023 

206 

565 

205 

248 

802 

203 

538 

167 

61 

Metropolitan areas 

Inside 

central 

cities 

5,398 

198 

5,023 

1,254 

2,253 

781 

1,516 

375 

216 

159 

3,901 

5<9 

1,639 

1,313 '" 

1,122 

307 

'" 18l 

201 

1,336 

56 

1,230 

284 

737 

246 

2<>5 

107 

56 " 

I 626 1 

130 

338 

115 

"' 

603 

t;4 

305 

127 

50 

Outside 

central 

cities 

3,753 

120 

3,609 . 

804 1 

1 '711 

557 

1,094 

"' 8l 

53 

3,211 

657 

1,482 

501 

1,032 

398 

107 

225 

56 

62 

"'I 26 

595 

125 

365 

127 

101 

43 

20 

23 

307 

75 

231 

67 

8l 

"' 50 

138 

41 

11 

Nonmetropolitan 

areas 

·' 

2,052 

63 

1,958 

420 

576 

355 

560 

94 

61 

33 

1 '745 

366 

653 

306 

526 

212 

125 " 

45 

36 

626 

·35 

565 

117 

327 

128 

125 

57 

36 

2Q 

450 

244 "" 

8l 

116 

115 

26 

62 

36 

11 
124 

Table 42. Persons of Spanish Origin by Low-Income Status in 1974, MetropolitanNonmetropolitan Residence, Family Status, and Sex of Head-Continuea 

(Numbers in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Family status and sex of head 

PERCENT BELOW l.OW-INCOME LEVEL 

All Persons 

Total ......... , ................. , ..... , 

65 yeara and over .•.........••.•..... 

In families .•..•......•....•.•.•. ,., ••..•... , 

Head ••.•••••.• ,, ••••••• ,, •••••••• ,, •••••• ,. 

Related children under 18 years' ..••..•.... 

Related children under 6 years., •.•...... 

Other family members .•..•.•.•.....•....•... 

Unrelated individuals ....•......•.•...•..•.•. 

Male .•..•...•••.....•• ~ ..•.•.•.••..••.•.••. 

Female ••.... ,, .....•....•.••.•..•.•..••••.. 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

Total ....•.•..•. , ••....••••.••.••. , ..•. 

Head ••••• : ...•..•.•.••.•.•..•.•.••.•..•.••.•• 

Related children under 18 years' •.•.••..•..•. 

Related children under 6 years .•••••••..•.. 

Other :family ~:~embers ••.•.••..•••.•.•••••.•..• 

Persons in Families With Female Head 

Total., •.•.••. ·· ••• ········ • • • • • · • • • · • · 

Head .......•.•.••.••......•....•.•. ,, ••...•.. 

Related ch.ildren under 18 years 1 •.•.......... 

Related children under 6 years .. •••·· .•.... 

Other :family znembers: ••...•..•.•.••.• , •••..•. 

B Base less than 75,000, 

Total 

23.2 

28.5 

22.6 

. 21.3 

29.0 

29.6 

13.7 

33.7 

29.0 

40.7 

16.6 

14.7 

20.5 

21.3 

12.7 

53.2 

49.6 

63.9 

68.9 

23.9 

Total 

1 Includes a small number of family heads and spouses 14 and 15 years old. 

21.6 

25.3 

21.1 

19.8 

27.9 

28.0 

11.9 

28.91 

22.8 

37.3 

14.4 

12,5 

18.2 

18.8 

10.6 

52.8 

49.3 

63.8 

67.3 

23.1 

Metropoli ta" areas 

Inside 

central 

cities 

24.7 

28.3 

24.5 

22.6 

32.7 

31.5 

13.8 

28.5 

23.6 

35.2 

16.0 

13.7 

20.6 

20.2 

12.0 

53.7 

50.2 

65.0 

66.5 

24.9 

Outside 

central 

cities 

17.0 

20.81 

16.5 

15 .s 21.6 

22.8 

'-' 

29.9 

22.0 

(B) 

12.4 

10.8 

15.6 

17.4 

'-" 

50.0 

46.7 

60.3 

(B) 

(B) 

Nonmetropolitan 

areas 

30.5 

42.2 

29.1 

27.9 

33.4 

36.1 

22.3 

60,6 

(B) 

(B) 

25.8 

24.6 

28.6 

29.7 

22.1 

56.1 

(B) 

65.6 

(B) 

(B) 
125 

Table 43. Persons by Type of Spanish Origin and Low-Income Status in 1974, for the United States and 

the Five Southwestern States 

(Numbers in thousa~ds. Persons as of March 1975) 

Family status 

UNITED STATES 

All Income Levels 

Total •..•.•.•••••••.• , •••••• , ••• , •• ,.,. 

'" families ••.•••••.•••••• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,. 

With male head ••••• , • , • , • ·• , ••••• , •••••••••• 

With female head.,,, ••• ,,.,., ••• , •••••••• •• 

Unrelated individuals ••••.•••••••• , •••••• ,.,. 

Male,,,., •• ,.,.,.,.,.,.,., •••••• ,,,.,,,,,,, 

Female,, ................. , .. ,.,,,, .. , ...... 

Below Lo.v-lncome Level 

Total,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

'" families,,,,,,,,,,.,, •• ,.,.,, •• , •• , •• , •••. With male head .•••••.•.•••••••••• ,., ••••••• 

With female head .••••••••••••••••••••• ,.,,. 

Unrelated individuals •••••.•••••••••• , •• ,.,., 

Male., ••••.••••••••• ,,,, ••••••• , •••••• , ••• , 

Female ••••.••••••••••••• ,, ••••••••• , ••••• ,. 

Percent BEllo..- I.ou.o-Income Level 

Total •• ,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,,,. 

'" families,, •••• , ••••••• , ••• ,, •• ,,.,, .••. , •• 

With =1e head, •• ,,, ••••• , ••••••••••••••• •• 

With female head,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,~ •• 

Unrelated individuals;,,, .. ,.,,,, .. , .... ,,. .. 

Male •••• , ••••• ,, ••••••••• ,,,,,, •••••••• , ••• 

Female ••.••••••••••.•.•••.•••••••• , •••••••• 

8 Base less than 75 ,ooo. 1Ari:!:ona, California, Colorado, , .. Mexico, 

Total 

persons of 

Spanish 

origin 

11,202 

10,589 

8,858 

1, 732 

613 

"8 

245 

2,601 

2,394 

1,473 

921 

207 

107 

100 

23,2 

22.6 

16.6 

53.2 

33,7 

29,0 

40.7 

·"' Texas, 

Me}<ican 

6,690 

6,359 

5,493 . "7 

331 

217 

114 

1,626 

1,508 

1,055 

453 

118 

65 

" 

24.3 

23.7 

19,2 

52.2 

35.8 

30,0 

46,8 

United States 

Puerto 

Rican 

1,671 

1,583 

1,043 

539 

89 

" 44 

545 

520 

186 

334 

25 

11 

14 

32.6 

32.9 

17.8 

62.0 

28,3 

(8) 

(B) 

Cuban 

H3 

699 

625 

75 

43 

20 

23 

106 

88 

52 

36 

19 

5 

14 

14,3 

12.6 

8.3 

48.2 

(8) 

(8) 

(8) 

Central 

South 

American 

671 

607 

517 

89 

64 

" 27 

95 

78 

44 

35 

17 

10 

7 

14.2 

12.9 

8.4 

38.9 

(8) 

(B) 

(8) 

Other 

Spanish 

origin 

1,428 

1,342 

1,180 

162 

86 

49 

38 

228 

200 

137 

64 

28 

16 

12 

16.0 

14,9 

11,6 

39.2 

32.3 

(B) 

an 

Five Southwestern 

States• 

Total 

persons of 

Spanish 

origin 

6,624 

6,294 

5,431 

"3 

330 

193 

137 

1,583 

1,466 

1,017 

449 

117 

60 

57 

23.9 

23.3 

18.7 

52,1 

35.6 

31.1 

42.0 

Mexican 

5,660 

5,401 

4,636· 

765 

259 

157 

103 

1,416 

1,316 

906 

410 

100 

52 

48 

25.0 

24.4 

19.6 

53,5 

38,6 

33,1 

47,1 
126 

Table 44. Selected Characteristics of Families and Unrelated Individuals of Spanish Origin 

and of Mexican Origin by Low-Income Status in 1974 

(Numbers in thousands. Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Selected cb.aracteristics 

FAMILIES 

Age of Head 

Total ...•... , ...•.... , ... , ...•...•... ,. 

Under 25 years., •.•..•.•....•..•....•..• , ..•. 

25 to 34 years .. , ........ , ............... , .. . 

35 to 44 years •. , .•........•...•......•...... 

45 to 54 years ........ , ..................... . 

55 to 64 years .............................. . 

65 years and over ....•... , ... , .•• , •....•. , •.• 

Median age .......•....•....•.•...•... , •.. 

Type or Family 

Total •. , .••.... , .........•....••.•. , ..• 

Male head ....•.•...•....•..•..•..•....•...••. 

Female head •..•..••.•...•....•.•. , •....•.•..• 

Size of Family 

Total •..•.•... , •.• , .. ,, ••. , .• ,, •• ,, .•• , 

2 persons .• , .• , ..• ,, ... , •....•. , •.. · .•• • •.• • • 

Head 65 years and over .•.•..•..•• , •.••.• , •. 

3 persons •..••. ,, .•. , ... , .•.•..••.•• , ••• ,, •.• 

4 persons ..•.••.•••...•.••.••••.••..•.•••.••• 

5 persons •.•. , ••• , ..••.•..•... , •..•.•. , ••••.. 

6 ~rsons, ..•• ,,., ••..•.•.•..•••• , , ..••.• , •.• 

7 persoi\s or mo'\-e •....•. , ..•..•• ,, •. ,, •• ,, ... 

Mean size of family' .•....•.. , .• ,, .• , •.. ,,.,,, 

Presence of Related Children 

Under 18 Years 

Total •.....••.••.. , •.••.••..••••.• , •••• 

Without related children ................... .. 

With related children ....•...••.....•..•.•.•. 

1 child •• , •..•.... , ... , .•. , ...•.••••. ·• •• ·• 

2 children .....•....•.•• ;, .•. , .•. , •.. , ...• , 

3 children ............. , ..•.••..•.•. , ••..•• 

4 children •.. , •... , .•...••.•...•.• · ••. · •. •· 

5 children or more ..•..•.• , .•• , .•.• , .• , •... 

Mean number of related children under 18 

per family with such. ch.tldren .•••... , ...•... 

Educational Attainment of Head 

Total, 25 years and over •• , ••••.••.••• , 

Elementary: Less than 8 years .••..•.•....•.• 

8 years •. , ..• , •.•• , ••. , •.• , .• , •. 

High school: 1 to 3 years •. , ..••.•• , .• , •.•. ,. 

4 years, •..•.••....•.•• , ••. , .••• 

College (1 year or more).., ................. . 

Median years of school C<Xllpleted .•••.•..•.•.• 

Percent not a high school graduate ••• ,, •.• , .. 

Number of Earners 

Total. •• , ...• , ....... ,,.; •..•.•. , •.• ,,. 

No earners •.••..•. , •....•....• , ••.•..••••.•.• 

earner •..••.•.. , .....•.. , •..• , ....• , ...• , •. 

2 earners •. ,, •.• ,, .• ,, .••.•.• ,, •. ,, .. , .• ,, ... 

3 earners or more ..•.... , ..•. , ..• , .•. , •..•.•. 

Employment Status of Head 

Total ••.••.•• , •..•.•....•. , •.••.• ,, ..• , 

In civilian labor force., ... ,, .• , .•. , •. , •.• ,, 

Employed .•.•. , .•..•..• , •. ,, .•. , •. , .• ,, •• , •• 

Unemployed ••••....••....•.•.••..•••. • ..•••• 

Percent unemployed,, •. , •.• , .•.. ,.,, .. ,, .• 

N'ot in civilian labor force ..•.. , •..•..•.•.• , 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

2,477 

2'4 

674 

6" 

490 

247 

174 

39.8 

2,477 

2,013 

465 

2,477 

074 

>08 

508 "' 

220 "' 

202 

4.04 

2 ,477 

642 

1,834 

604 

499 

337 

199 

195 

2.43 

2 ,213 

796 

228 

"6 

406 

"' 9.7 

62.8 

2,477 

304 

937 

897 

339 

2,477 

1,927 

1, 729 

198 

10.3 

551 

Spanish origin 

Below low-income level 

Number 

"' 70 

153 

138 

47 " 

43 

37.9 

526 

,296 

230 

526 

114 

27 

95 " 

79 

52 

4.44 " 

526 

65 

461 

>09 

91 

99 

65 

., 

3.00 

406 

240 

" , 

51 

23 

7.4 

83.8 

526 

207 

224 

69 

26 

526 

266 

"' 69 

25.9 

260 

Percent 

21.2 

26.5 

22.7 

21.9 

15.4 

18.9 

24.8 

(Xl 

21.2 

14,7 

49.5 

21.2 

19.9 

25.0 

15,8 

18.7 

22.3 

23.6 

37,4 

(X) 

21.2 

10,1 

25.1 

18.0 

18.2 

29.4 

32.7 

49.7 

(Xl 

20.6 

30.8 

25.4 

21.6 

11.2 

6.3 

(X) 

(X) 

21.2 

68.2 

23.9 

7.7 

7.8 

21.2 

13.8 

11.4 

34.7 

(X) 

47.2 

Total 

1,429 

190 

388 

338 

2" 

129 

102 

39.0 

1,429 

1 ,210 

219 

1,429 

297 

57 

304 

269 

2U 

149 

199 

4.28 

1,429 

340 

1 ,084 

334 

272 

183 

147 

148 

2.61 

1,239 

542 

us 

191 

234 

154 

8.7 

. 68.7 

1,429 

lOB 

552 

541 

227 

1,429 

1,148 

1,034 

U4 

9.9 

281 

Mexican origin 

Below low-income level 

Number 

309 

51 

80 

47 " 

28 

27 

38.1 

309 

204 

lOS 

309 

59 

15 

47 

44 

47 

35 

77 

4.83 

309 

35 

274 

46 " 

50 

37 

77 

3.24 

208 

164 

31 

30 

25 

7 

6.3 

87.2 

309 

74 

154 

57 

24 

309 

190 

144 

46 

24,2 

us 

Percent 

21.6 

27.0 

20.6 

22.6 

16.5 

21.7 

26.5 

(Xl 

21.6 

16.9 

48.0 

21.6 

19.9 

(B) 

15.5 

16.4 

22.3 

23.5 

38.7 

(X) 

21.6 

10.1 

25.3 

18.9 

16.9 

27.3 

25.2 

52.0 

(Xl 

20.8 

30.3 

26.3 

15.7 

10.7 

4.5 

(X) 

(X) 

21.6 

68.8 

27.9 

10.5 

10.6 

21.6 

16.6 

13.9 

40.6 

(Xl 

42.0 
127 

Table 44. Selected Characteristics of Families and Unrelated Individuals of Spanish Origin 

and of Mexican Origin by Low-Income Status in 1974 -Continued 

(Numbers in thousands, Families and unrelated individuals as of March 1975) 

Selected characteristics 

FAMILIES--Continued 

Work Experience of Head 

Total .. ,.,.,, ... ,,,, ................ , .. 

Worked last year .................... , ....... . 

50 to 52 weeks .•......................... ,. 

FUll time. . ................•........ 

1 to 49 weeks ...............•.... , ........ . 

Reason for working part time: 

Unemployed •.................•. , .....•.. 

Other ................. , ....•. , •...... ,. 

Did not work last year ...................... . 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled ....•....•....•.. , •..••... 

Keeping house .•...•....•.............. , .. 

Other ...................•.• · •..... ······• 

In Armed Forces .•.........• , ...•.. ,, ......•.. 

UNRELII.TED INDIVIDUALS 

Total •.... ,., ...••.......... ,, .•...••.. 

Under 25 years •..... ,, .. : •.... , .••..•.. , •.... 

25 to 64 years .•.....•.... , . , ...... , , .•••..•. 

65 years and over.,, •...... , ••.•...•. ,, ...•. , 

Total. ... , ...•...• • • · · · · • · • • · · · · · · · · · • • 

Male ....................................... .. 

Female ................................. , .... . 

Earner Status 

Total. ... , ....•..• , ...•..... , ......•... 

Earner .•.. 

Nonearner ..... , ........ , •...........•.. , .. , .• 

Employment Status 

Total .•.•... ,, .•.....• , ...•..... , •...• , 

In civilian labor force .................... .. 

Employed ..... , ..... , •..••.•. •, .••.... •. •• · · 

Unemployed ..... ,, •..•.. ,,, ....... ,, ....... , 

Percent unemployed., •..•.•.. , ..•..... , .. . 

Not in civilian labor force.,., ....•.. , ...•.. 

B Base less than 75,000. X Not applicable. 

Spanish origin 

Below low-income level 

Total 

Number Percent 

2 ,477 "' 21.2 

1 ,980 "' 13.6 

1 ,443 "' '·' 1 ,401 >00 '"' "' "' 29.5 

"' " 25.1 

"' " 34.6 

465 "' 54,3 

144 " 53.7 

1, "' 67.5 

"' ., 34.9 

32 '" 

"' '" 33.7 

"' 50 35.9 

"' 110 28.5 

" 46 53.2 

"' '" 33.7 

"' 1" 29.0 

"' 100 4<1.' 

"' '" 33.7 

., " 22.3 

"' 106 62.4 

"' '" 33.7 

m 10> 23.7 

"' " 22.8 

" " (B) 

12.1 14.7 (X) 

162 104 57.1 

Mexican origin 

Below low-income level 

Total 

Nu01ber Percent 

1 ,429 

1,199 ''' '" '" " '" " "' m 

m 

1eo " " '" 10> 

" 40 

64 ., 

" " " ' 

031 "' 196 "' " 51 " 29 

"' 116 

"' 65 

114 " 

031 "' '" " " " 

031 118 

"' " '" 29 " 11.9 12.9 ' 

" 55 

21.6 

17.0 

10.1 

34.0 '·' 

30.4 

37.7 

"·' 

52.8 

on 

"' (B) 

35.8 

34.1 

31.6 

(8) 

35.8 

30.0 

46.8 

35.8 

26.7 

63.6 

35.8 

26.3 

26.1 

'"' (X) 

59.1 
128 

Table 45. Persons by Alternate Low-Income Levels in 1974, Family Status, and Race 

Wu01bcrs In thousands. Persons of )!arch Hl75) 

---------------.--------------- r----,,---All roc•c•_•--,-----c------,---'c"'c'o"-'C~C 

~ ....... ....... • ...... ~-;;;~;;;- --I Below 100 and 125 and Below 100 and 125 and Below 

low 125 P"r- 150 per- low- 125 per 150 per-~ •-· cent of cent oC Total cent of umt of Total incorn income lOC001e !eve low-, low- level low- low- level incan., Income lncome 1ncomc 

Family status 

Total 

Between ) Bet..-een 

100 and I 125. and 

125 per-: 150 pe•·-

cl~~::l i ".~n~~:f level level j level lev"! j level 1 level I --------------+--1---+----+--+-----t------l------r-------r----

! II. ALL PFllSO';S r--,---- 7,:~: 2,~=~! 

T<>td!. 

65 years and <>l'<'t" I 209,3·13 

21,127 

ln families. . .... I u ... ad, 16 years and Ov<>r. I 190,471 

55,702 

8,034 

46,950 

65,1135 i 19,4521 

21,9114 

24,260 I la,Jss 10,597 182,Jss 16,310 7,751! 11,sas 2J,7os 

3,3011 1 2,165 1,944 19,266 2,642 1,850' 1,742 1,722 

19,4401 8,3431 9,145 166,103 12,537 6,021 7,34311 21,356 

l ,828 

"' 

~-~~L~t~~;~::e:v::~~r Ill )'ears'.: .. :~ I Ot~~;a;~~i~~·~::::r~~der r, years .... ·I )lc~n s1>.e ol familr. I 

... ;;!!:::.::·:::':::: •. <. • .. • • • • • • • • •I 

""::::." OMHU" "'~ ~~ .. ~.. I Head, 16 y<>ars and over. 

65 y<>ars and over. 

~·u., of head. 

l!<>lBted children under 18 y<>ars 2 • 

l!elat<'d children under 6 years. 

Other family members. 

llean size of family. 

P~"RSONS IN F.UIII .. !ES ~·1m FE.IIALE HEAO 

Total 

3.42' 

18,872 

6,502 

7,890 

10,9111 

167,227 

18,464 

6,925 

46,950 

55,372 

16,592 

16,441 

3. 45 

5,0971 2,3271 2,512 49,444 3,4761 1,754 2,062 5,493 

'"/ 589 631 7,319 5671 480 551 641 

2,612 1,644 1,951 12,975 2,100

1 

1,335 I,6H 3,247 

1~:~~:1 ~:~=~ ~:;;: ~~:~!: ;:~=~1 2,:~:! 3,~~; )~:~=~ 1,517 782 8881 18,345 769 463! 588 3,220 

3.61 3.59 3.64 3.36 3611 3.431 3.56 3.89 

4,820 2,012 1,451 16,252 3,;73 1,7301 1,285 2,347 

2,065 1,111 640 5,874 1,697 1,042 779 577 

1,607 599 473 6,544 1,2001 469 385 1,111 

3,212 1,414 9711 9,708 2,5731 l,261i 900 1,176 

I I 10,877 

2, 751 

2,612 '" 4,824 

1,540 

3.95 ·~ 

6,208 

1, 726 

1,641 '" 

2,433 ,., 

3.60 

7,511 

2,019 

1,951 "' 3,009 

1,031 

3. "' 72 

150,645 

41,234 

6,410 

12,975 

49,061 

14,591 

14,375 

3.41 

8,262 

2,179 

.. , 2,100 

3,519 

1,164 

... 

3. 79 

' 4,7821 

1,391' 

m I ,335 

1 '788 

"' 

3.44 "' 

6,299 

1, 726 

.., 

1,674 

2,525 

"" 

3.65 

13,833 

3,556 

... 3,247 

5,298 

1,669 

1 '732 

3.119 

6,494 

1,525 

"' 

'.::~,1 1,148 

'"' 

\!~I 

;;:I 

"'i 

, ;;/ 

450 I 1,149 

,. 

4.56 "' 

2 ·!~;I 

"I 21s 1 1,029. 

308 1 

298 1 

4;~1· 

113 '" i 

!45) 

I 

1 ·~::I 

2~: I 57111 

173 i 

119' 

4.231 

I 

23,245 8,563 2,135 1,634 15,458 4,275 1,239 1,044 7,523 1,194 8541 i 65 yeot.rs ot.nd over. 1,108 144 76 73 909 74 43 54 187 69 32 

1,673 .,, 

241 

"' '" ,,. 

~.00 

,. 

" " 

1,096 

'" " ,., 

... 

'" 

4.14 "' 

5."7 

'" " 

Head, 16 years and over. 7,238 2,347 6()2 493 5,211 1,297 363 335 1,936 1,020 2261 

Related children under 18 yeara•. 10,462 5,391 1,157 785 6,279 2,673 682 494 4,099 2,681 151 

Related ch1Idren Under 6 years. 2,859 1,754 301 192 1,608 917 164 113 1,228 821 134 

Other family m<>mbers. 5 ,545 825 376 356 3, 968 305 194 215 1, 488 493 ~I.',~ i 13~ llean ~tze of ramuy'cc.ccc.c:cc:_:_c.c::c:_:_L _ _,,c·'o'cL _ _,,.:'.'"'CL_·c'C·~':'L _ _,,C.'C':.L __ ,:·~'~'L__.c':·-'':"L_C:'C·c":.L _ _.::'.:'·'.::'L_':·c'.::"L_'c·.::'o'L_.::•:_:_'j_l _ __:'c·cc" 1

of ~he The !am:lly data on head. persons by race in tables 6, lO to 1~, 45 and 46 differ from those tn other tablea of this report, where persons ,....., clash!ied by the race 

'"' 

'Includes ot. small numbor of family heads a~~d spouses 14 and 15 years old 

' 
.. 

129 

Table 46. Selected Characteristics of Persons Below 125 Percent of the 

Low-Income Level in 1974 by Race 

Selected characteristics 

14 years and over. 

Male .....................•. 

Female. 

RELATED CHILDREN UNDER 1!1 YEARS BY AGE 

Total 2 ., . 

Under 3 years. 

· 3 and 4 years 

5 to 17 years. 

5 to 13 years. 

14 to 17 years. 

Total. 

RESIDENCE 

Metropolitan areas. 

Inside central cities. 

Outside central cities .......... . 

Nonmetropolt tan areas ..... . 

Nonfarm .• 

Farm. 

. TEN FEDERAL REGIONS 

Total .. 

Standard error. 

(Boston). 

Standard error. 

II (New York). 

Standard error. 

III (Philadelphia). 

Standard error. 

tV (Atlanta). 

Standard error. 

V (Chicago) ... 

Standard error 

VI (Dallaa-Ft. Worth). 

Standard error. 

VII (Kansas City) .. 

Standard error. 

VIIJ (Denver). 

Standard error ... 

IX (San Francisco). 

Standard error. 

X (Seattle). 

Standard error. 

- Represents zero. 

(N"umbars in thousands. Persons as of March 1975) 

Total 

159,948 

76,349 

83,599 

66,178 

9,180 

6,880 

50,118 

33,564 

16,554 

209,343 

142,399 

61,155 

81,245 

66,944 

200,282 

9,061 

209,343 

12,242 

1' 157 

24,489 

1,512 

23,093 

1,572 

34,341 

1,470 

44,517 

2,219 

22,073 

1,377 

10,609 

451 

6,213 

1,400 

24,695 

1, 770 

7,075 

1,310 

All races 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

23,692 

9,252 

14,440 

14,153 

2,193 

1,512 

10,448 

7,447 

3,001 

34,615 

20,922 

12,410 

8,512 

13,694 

32,740 

1,875 

34,615 

<20 

1,554 

3,625 "' 

3,198 "' 

501 

7. 731 

5,326 "' 

oOo 

5,576 

1,656 "' 

<14 

859 

4<4 

4,063 

6<2 

1,028 

"' 

tota 1 

14.8 

12.1 

1'3 

21.4 

23 ' 22 0 

,0 8 

22.2 

18. 1 

16 5 

"' ,0 3 

10 5 

20 5 

16 3 

20.7 

16 5 0 , 

12. 7 

1.1 

1<8 

0 8 

13 8 

1. 

1.0 

12.0 

0 ' 

"' 1.5 

15 6 

13.8 ' 

3.5 

16. 5' 

1.1 

14.5 

'·' 

Total 

140.967 

67;655 

73,312 

55,576 

7,636 

s, 717 

42.223 

28,180 

14,043 

182,355 

121,792 

45,923 

75,870 

60,563 

173,903 

8,452 

182,355 

11,823 

1,118 

20,998 

1,301 

19,710 

1,348 

27,049 

1,171 

40,246 

2,010 

18.701 

1,175 

9,866 

<26 

6,079 

1,370 

21,135 

1,520 

6, 751 

1,251 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

17,098 

6. 705 

10,393 

8,902 

1,461 

6,4b8 '" 

4,675 

1, 793 

24,061 

13,698 

6,746 

6, 953 

10,363 

22,531 

1,530 

24,061 

358 

1,397 

2,480 '" 

359 

2,174 

363 

4,079 

<46 

4,030 

3. "' 786 

1,262 '" 

"8 

"' 

3,113 "' 

50' 

923 

388 

total 

12. 1 

'-' 

14.2 

16 0 

18. 

17.0 

15 3 

16 6 

12 .I! 

13.2 

11.2 

14.7 

.., 

n 1 

13 0 

" 

13 2 

0 , 

11.8 

u 

11.8 

0. 8 

11.0 

u 

15.1 

1.0 

100 

0.6 ,0 

1 

U8 

1.8 

13.5 

3. 5 

H 

1 

13.7 

2. 7 

Total 

16,555 

7,509 

9,046 

9,496 

1,371 

1,037 

7,088 

4,821 

2,267 

23 '705 

17,815 

13,757 

4,058 

5,889 

23,146 

558 

23 '705 

308 

3,126 

3,226 ''" 

6<6 

7,039 

4,075 "' 

603 

3' 182 

'" 688 

, 

88 

68 

1,811 

388 

1<8 

88 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

6' 106 

2,294 

3,812 

4,961; 

688 

3. 766 

2,621 

1 ,145 

9,841 

6,681 

5,349 

1,332 

3,160 

9,509 

332 

9,841 

185 

133 

1,091 

<10 

888 

m 3,580 

808 

1,247 

388 

1 '712 

6<2 

385 

'" " 

"' "' " 68 

total 

36 9 

30 6 

42. 1 

52 

50 3 

48.8 

53.1 

54.4 

50.5 

<1 

" 38 

"8 

53 

<1 

59 

4l.5 

0. 8 

43.2 

10.3 

34.9 

3.3 

30.9 

'-' 

50.9 

, ' 30.6. 

3 .o 53 8 

' 5 55.2 

9 ' 41 6 

40.5 

33.8 

5.0 

31 5 

23.7 

'The data on person!! by race in tables 6, 10 to 15, 45, and 46 differ from those in other tables of this report, where persons are 

classified by the race of the family head. 2Includes a small number of family heads and spouses 14 and 15 year!! old. 
130 

Table 47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head 

(Numbers in thousands. Families as of March 1975) 

Selected characteristics 

ALL FAMILIES 

Age of Head 

Total •.•....•..••....•••..••.•••.••. :. 

Under 25 years •... ,,,.,,.,,,,.,., ..• , .. ,.,., 

25 to 34 years ...••.••....•.•...••.•.••.••.. 

35 to 44 years ..•.•..•..•.•..•.•....•.••.... 

45 to 54 years .........•..•.•.•....•.•. ,,,,,. 

55 to 64 years ...••...•..•.•.• , .. ,,, •• ,,,, •. 

65 years and over .. , , , , , , .. , . , ....•....•..•. 

Median age •..•...•.••.. ,,.,,,,,, .. , .• , .•..•. 

Size o! Family 

Total.: •.•.•..• , .•. ,.,,,.,, •. ,, .• ,, ..• 

persons ..•.....••.••... ,,., .• ,, •••• ,.,, ••. 

Head 65 years and over ...••.•.••....•.•... 

3 persons .••......•..•. •. • · • • · · · • · • · · • • · • • · · 

persons ...•.•..• • •. •. · • · • • · • • · • • · · · · · · • · • · 

5 persons .•. , .•....•..•..•.. '···· .•••.•••• ·• 

6 persons ••• , ••.••••.• ,·, .•.••...••....•.•.. 

7 persons or more ••..•• · ••••.•.•.••.••.•...• 

Mean size of family •••• •, •• ,, •.•• ,,, •• , •...• 

Presence of Related Children Under 

~ 

Total •...•..•.••. • •.•.•.•..•••..•..•.• 

Without related children .•..•.•..•....•..•.• 

With related children •.•..•.•.•..•.•..•..•.• 

1 child •• , .•.•.....•. · •.•.•.•..•.••..•••.• 

2 children •... ,, •..•. • ..•.•.•.••.•.••....• 

3 children ... ,.,.,,.,· ................... . 

4 children .• ,,,,.,,.,· ..•...•..•.•..•..•.. 

5 children or more.,,.,,,,.,., ...•..•.••.. 

Mean number of children., .•..... ,,,,,,.,,, 

Number of Earners 

Total .. ,.,, •. ,,,, •.•.. ' •..•.•••.•.•... 

No earners.,,., •.••.• , .•.•.•..•.•.••.•..•.•. 

1 earner.,.,,,, •.• , ••. , •.•...•..•.••.•.•..•• 

2 earners ......•••.••.•.•. • • •. •. • • • •. • • • • • • • 

3 earners or more .••..•.••...•.•.• , , •. , •• , • , 

Employment Status of Head 

Total ..•..•.• , ••.• ,,., •• ,,,., •• ,., .••• 

In civilian labor force •....•.•..•.•..•..•.• 

Employed .• , •.•..•.••. • •.•••.•.••.•.••.•.• • 

Unt!l!lployed .•....•.•..•....•.•.•• ,.,.,,.,,. 

Percent unemployed ••.•.•..•.•. , •.• ,,.,,, 

Not in civil tan labor force ..• ,,.,,,,., •• , •. 

Work Experience of Head 

Total. ..•..•.....• ···· • • · · · · • • • • • • · · • · 

Worked last year ...•.....•.•......•.• , .• ,, •. 

50 to 52 weeks •..•...•.•.....•. , •.•..• , ... 

Full time ... ,, .•. ,.· •....•.•..•.•.•• , .•. 

to 49 weeks .••.••.••.•...•.... : .•.••.... 

Reason for working part year: 

Unemployed ...•.••.•......•..•.•....•.• 

Other .. , ..••.•. , •....•...••.•.•....•.• 

Did not work last year ••..•.•..•.•....••.... 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled.,,, •. , •.• ,,,, •.• , .• , ••.• 

Keeping house .....•.• , ..•..•.•.• ,,.,,.,. 

Other .....•.••.•.••.•.....••.•.•.. ,., •. , 

In Armed Forces ............................ . 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

55' 712 

4 ,225 

12 '708 

10 ,853 

11 ,234 

8,658 

8,034 

45.1 

55.712 

20,823 

6,429 

12 ,137 

11 ,002 

6,313 

3,005 

2 ,432 

3.42 

55' 712 

24,381 

31 ,331 

11 ,470 

10,285 

5,432 

2 ,416 

1 '728 

2.10 

55.712 

6,181 

19,584 

21 ,968 

7,979 

55' 712 

43,216 

40,419 

2,797 

6.5 

12 ,496 

55 ,712 

45 ,146 

35 ,601 

34,195 

9,545 

4 ,317 

5,228 

9,639 

2 ,809 

1 ,941 

4 ,889 

927 

All races 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

7,437 

1,023 

1. 748 

1 ,484 

991 

1,350 "' 

41.4 

7,437 

2 ,621 

1,057 

1 ,374 

1 ,238 

872 

582 

746 

3.74 

7,437 

2 ,126 

5,307 

1,477 

1,400 

1,029 

674 

726 

2.60 

7,437 

2,600 

3,,146 

1 ,296 

391 

7,437 

3,791 

3 ,153 

6'8 

16.8 

3,643 

7,437 

4,074 

1,901 

1 ,616 

2 ,173 

949 

1 ,224 

3,270 

1 ,102 

1,143 

1 ,026 

" 

total 

13.3 

24.2 

13.8 

13.7 

8.8 

9.7 

16.8 

"' 

13.3 

12.6 

16.4 

11.3 

11.3 

13.8 

19.4 

30.7 

(X) 

13.3 

8.7 

16.9 

12.9 

13,6 

18.9 

27.9 

42.0 

(X) 

13.3 

42.1 

16,1 

5.9 

4.9 

13.3 

8.8 

7.8 

22.8 

29.2 "' 

13.3 

9.0 

5,, 

4.7 

22.8 

22.0 

23.4 

33.9 

39.2 

58.9 

21.0 

9.5 

Total 

49,451 

3 ,574 

11,166 

9,429 

10,084 

7,878 

7,319 

45.6 

49,451 

19,020 

6,028 

10,699 

9,829 

5 ,567 

2,500 

1,836 

3.36 

49,451 

22,551 

26,900 

9,960 

9,050 

4,692 

1,977 

1 ,221 

2.06 

49,451 

5 ,217 

17,369 

19.702 

7,162 

49,451 

38,861 

36,548 

2 ,313 

6.0 

10,589 

49,451 

40,550 

32 ,366 

31,174 

8 ,1R3 

3,674 

4,509 

8,088 

2 ,239 

1 ,436 

4 ,412 

"' 

Whi t<J 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

5 ,236 

694 

1 ,223 

970 

6" 

627 

1 ,047 

42.3 

5,236 

2,059 

89< 

967 

861 

590 

,. 

420 

3.54 

5 ,236 

1 '747 

3,489 

1 ,038 

961 

680 "0 

2. '" 48 

5,236 

1 ,806 

2,239 

946 

"' 

5 ,236 

2 '786 

2 ,340 

446 

. 16.0 

2 ,449 

5 ,236 

2 ,975 

1 ,424 

1,237 

1 ,551 

678 

"' 

2 ,192 

708 

"' 769 

69 

total 

10.6 

19.1 

11.0 

10.3 

6.8 

8.0 

14.3 

"' 

10.6 

10.8 

14,8 

9.0 

8. 8 

10.6 

13.6 

22.9 

(X) 

10.6 

7. 7 

13.0 

10.4 

10.6 

14.5 

21.2 

31.8 

"' 

10.6 

34.6 

12.9 

4.8 

,,4 

10.6 

7.2 

6.4 

19.3 

(X) 

23,1 

10.6 

7 ·' 4.4 

4 .o 18.9 

18.4. 

19.4 

27,1 

31.6 

49.8 

17.4 

,,4 

Total 

5,498 

1 ,352 '" 

1 ,213 

997 

687 

641 

41.5 

5,498 

1 ,619 

m 1 ,247 

979 

648 

449 

557 

,,90 

5,498 I 1 ,579 

3 ,919 

1 ,328 

1 ,038 

670 

400 

482 

2.39 

5,498 

914 

1 ,935 

1,968 

601 

5,498 

3,764 

3 ,313 

451 

12.0 

1. 734 

5,498 

3,993 

2,758 

2,558 

1 ,235 

575 

660 

1 ,419 

540 

477 

"' " 

Negro 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,056 

"' 495 

480 

"' 194 

276 

39.3 

2 ,056 

5" 

158 

"' "2 

"' 2" 

4.20 "' 

2,056 

"7 

1 '708 

415 

400 

"' 243 

2. '" 84 

2,056 

755 

"0 

"' "' 

. 2 ,0=16 

"' 755 

178 

19.1 

1 ,121 

2 ,056 

1 ,034 

"' "' 581 

249 

,2 

1,007 

"6 

406 

225 

14 

total 

37.4 

53.5 

36.6 

39.6 

28.5 

28.2 

43.1 

(X) 

37.4 

33.2 

42.5 

30.2 

34.9 

39.5 

51.2 

56.2 

(X) 

37.4 

22.0 

43.6 

31.3 

38.5 

48.2 

60.8 

67.6 

(XI 

37.4 

82.6 

43.9 

15.9 

20.1 

37.4 

24.8 

. 22.8 

39.6 

(X) 

64.6 

37.4 

25.9 

16,4 

13.9 

47.0 

43.2 

50.3 

71.0 

69.8 

85.1 

55.8 

15.8 
131 

Table 47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

Selected characteristics 

ALL FA.\IILJES--Continued 

Educational >\ttainment of Head 

Total, 22 years and over,, ..... ,., 

No school years completed .•.• ,, •..•...•..•. , 

Elementary: 1 to 5 years •. , •.•... , ... , .. , .. 

6 to 8 years, ...... , ..... ,, ... . 

High school: to 3 years ..... ,,, ...• , .•.•.. 

4 years., ..... , ....... , ....••.. 

College (1 year or more) .................. .. 

Percent not a high school graduate., ..••.• ,, 

Occupation and Class of Worker 

of Longest Job 

Worked last year, total ... , ...•..•...•..•.•. 

Wage and salary workers ..•..... ,, •.•. ,,, •. 

Professional and managerial, ..•.•. , ..••• 

Clerical and Sales ••.. ,, •.•.. ,,, .•.• ,, •. 

Craft and kindred workers •.. ,, .•.. ,,, ••• 

Operatives, incl. transport., .•... ,, •... 

Laborers, cxc. fann .. ·•····•••·····••··· 

Fann laborers, mgr's, & supervisors •.•.• 

Service wkrs., exc. priv. household ••... 

Private household workers .•••....•••..•. 

Self-employed, fann .. ,, ..•. ,, •••••. , •..• ,. 

Self-employed, other •••.•.••.•..•••.•.••. , 

Unpaid family workers •.•. ,, ••.. ,,, .•.. ,, .. 

Income of Specified Type as 

Percent of Total Income 

Income from earnings •...• ,., ..•.. , ..•. 

to 49 percent. •..•.••... , ...•..• , •....• , .. 

50 to 99 percent., ..•..• , •.•..• , ..•...• , ...• 

100 percent ...•... , ...•. , , ..•..•.•..... , .... 

Social Security income,, .•... , .....•. , 

1 to 49 percent, .•..•......•. ,, •..•.. , •. , .. . 

50 to 99 percent., .... ,,, ... ,,,, .•.•. ,, .... . 

100 percent ... , •..... , ...... ,, •... ,., ..•.•. , 

Public assistance income •.. ,,, ... ,,, •. 

to 49 percent..,,, .•... ,, •.•... , •..• ,,,,,. 

50 to 99 percent., •.•..• , ....• ,., .•.•.• , ••.. 

100 percent •.•.. ,, ..•...• , •.•.• ,, •.•.• ,., .•. 

Other transfer income1 .,, ••••• ,,, ••••• 

1 to 49 percent,, •....• , ..•. ,,, ..•• ,,,., .•.• 

50 to 99 percent, .•• ,.,, .. ,,,, .••.• ,,, ••.•. , 

100 percent .•.....•.•.....•....•• , •.•.•.• , •. 

Other unearned income 2 •• ,, •••••• , ••••• 

1 to 49 percent., •..•.. , ...... ,,, .•... ,, •... 

50 to 99 percent •..•.. ,, •.•.• ,, ..•.•.. , ..•.. 

100 percent •.•.... , •.•..• , ....• , .••.. ,,, .•.. 

FAMILIES WITH A MALE HEAD 

Age of Head 

Total, .......•. • • ... · • .• · · • · · · • · · · · • • • Under 25 years, •..•. , ..... , ...... ,, •.•.• , •.• 

25 to 34 years ...• , ............ , ..•... ,, .•.. 

35 to 44 years ..• , .•... , ..•.•.•..•.•......•. 

45 to 54 years .••. , •......•...•. , ..•.• ,, .... 

55 to 64 years ..•......•.....••.......•..... 

65 years and over .....•.....• , .•.•.. , ...•.. , 

Median age .•. , .....•.•....•...•.••.•....• , •. 

See footnotes ,at end of table. 

(Numbers in thousands. Families as of March 1975) 

Total 

54,292 

3'5 

2 ,496 

8,470 

8,381 

18,499 

16,059 

36.3 

45 ,146 

40,044 

11 ,272 

5 ,843 

8,726 

7,609 

2,242 

3,553 "' 

220 

1 ,480 

3 ,583 

39 

49,529 

4 ,434 

29 ,553 

15,543 

12,162 

7,565 

3',832 

765 

4,359 

2,618 

843 

898 

10,296 

9,393 

845 

56 

29,934 

28,205 

1,508 

221 

48,470 

3,482 

11,095 

9,343 

9,899 

7' 727 

6,925 

45.3 

All races 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

6,955 

le2 

929 

1 '720 

1 ,591 

1. 778 

775 

63.3 

4,074 

3 ,198 

216 

40< 

"' 775 

367 

211 

660 

1H 

369 

"' 17 

4 ,835 

1 ,420 

1 ,527 

1,887 

2 ,054 

' 514 

1,069 

m 

2,589 

1 ,001 

716 

871 

900 

695 

167 

37 

1,829 

1,463 

2<2 

123 

4,483 

50< 

8H 

788 

609 

636 

1,129 

47.2 

total 

12.8 

42.1 

37.2 

20.3 

19.0 

9.6 

... 

(X) 

9.0 

8.0 

1.9 

6.9 

<.8 

10.2 

16.4 

37.0 

18.6 

62.9 

26.3 

13.2 

(8) 

9.8 

32.0 

5.2 

12.1 

16.9 

6.8 

27.9 

61.6 

59.4 

38.2 

84.9 

97.0 

8.7 

7.< 

19.8 

(8) 

6.1 

5.2 

16.0 

55.7 

9.2 

14.5 

7.3 

8.< 

6.2 

8.2 

16.3 

(X) 

Total 

48,252 

272 

1,800 

7,446 

7,012 

16,771 

14,950 

34.3 

40,550 

35 '706 

10,678 

5,315 

8,128 

6,532 

1 '770 

2,736 "' 

1,404 " 

3,401 

36 

44 ,232 

3,739 

27,335 

13 ,158 

10,896 

6,815 

3,449 

632 

2,804 

1,834 

<81 "' 

9,387 

8,580 

764 

42 

28,384 

26 '724 

1 ,459 

201 

44,238 

3 ,136 

10,094 

8,399 

9,086 

7,113 

6,410 

45.5 

White 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

4 ,903 

100 

568 

1 ,287 

969 

1 ,315 

646 

60.0 

2 ,975 

2 ,185 

184 

285 

339 

548 

256 

156 

377 

<o 

350 

"' " 

3,428 

9<8 

1,113 

1,367 

1 ,516 

307 

850 

360 

1 ,446 

599 

368 

460 

693 

540 

125 

26 

1 ,553 

1 ,221, 

222 

110 

3 ,575 

413 

661 

583 

"' 508 

930 

47.7 

total 

10.2 

36,8 

32.7 

17.3 

13.8 

7.8 

<.3 

(X) 

7.3 

6.1 

1.7 

5.4 

4.2 

8.4 

14.5 

33.1 

13.8 

(8) 

24.9 

12.4 

(B) 

7.8 

25.4 

4.1· 

10.4 

13.9 

4.5 

24.6 

57.0 

51.6 

32.7 

79.3 

95.6 

7.< 

6.3 

16.4 

(8) 

5. 5 

<.6 

15.2 

54.7 

8.1 

13.2 

6.6 

6.9 

5.3 

7.1 

14.5 

(X) 

Total 

5,282 

94 

666 

957 

1 ,277 

1 ,517 

770 

56.7 

3,993 

3,810 

370 

m 

508 

1,009 

<41 

90 

771 

149 

62 

120 

4,584 

628 

1 ,800 

2,156 

1 ,154 

669 

359 

126 

1,504 

756 

337 

411 

'794 

--- 703 

77 

13 

1,122 

1,072 

39 

11 

3 ,558 

313 

.825 

754 

681 

531 

43.5 "' 

Negro 

Below 125 percent · 

of the lowincome leve 1 

Percent 

Number Or 

1,912 

52 

326 

412 

599 

424 

98 

72.6 

1,034 

959 

22 

113 

210 " 

110 

277 

102 

31 

45 

1 ,301 

<43 

373 

485 

502 

188 

210 

105 

1 ,103 

388 

312 

"" 

100 

131 

41 

8 

231 

205 

" 9 

806 

83 

130 

182 

.., 

118 

176 

45.7 

total 

36.2 

55.3 

48.9 

43.1 

46.9 

27.9 

12.7 

(X) 

25.9 

25.2 

5.9 

24.0 

14.6 

20.8 

24.9 

55.6 

35.9 

68.5 

(8) 

37.5 

(8) 

28.4 

70.5 

20.7 

22.5 

43.5 

28.1 

58.5 

83.3 

73.3 

51.3 

92.6 

98.3 

22.7 

18.6 

53.2 

(8) 

20.6 

19.1 

(8) 

(8) 

22.6 

26.6 

15.7 

24.1 

17.2 

22.1 

38.8 

(Xl 
132 

Table 47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(NUmbers in thousands. Families as of March 1975) 

Selected characteristics 

FAMILIES WITH A MALE HEAD--Continued 

Size of Family 

TOtal..,,,, •..•.•..• , •.••.•....••.•... 

2 persons ..•. ,,,., .•..•. ,, •..•.••.• ,,, ..•... 

Head 65 years and over, , •..•.••. , , , ...•.•. 

J persons .• ,,, .••.•. ,,, .•...•..• , ..••.. ,.,,. 

4 persons ......•• ,,·,., .•..•...••.•..••••••.• 

5 persons,, ....... ,, ......... ,., ...... ,, ... . 

6 persons ..• , .•..•... , •.•..•.•.•• , •..••.•• ,. 

7 persons or more .•.. ,, .•....• ,., .•.••. ,,, .. 

Mean size of family ......................... . 

Presence of Related Children Under 

~ 

Total ...••..•... ,.,, •.•.••.• ,, ..•....• 

Without related children •..•..••.••..••.••.. 

With related children •.•••••.•.••••..•.••• ,. 

1 child ••. , •.••.••••.•..•..• • · · ·- ·- · · • • · ·-

2 children •..•.••••.••••.••..•.• ,,, .••.•.• 

3 children ..•.••• , ............... ,, ••.• , .. 

4 children •••.••.•• ,., ......... , •..•. ,., •. 

5 children or more., •••.•.• ,,., ••.•• , ••••. 

Mean nUIII.ber of children •.• ,, •..• ,,,,, •• , .• 

Number of Earners 

Total ...•••••.•.••.•• ,,, •..•..• ,, ....• 

No earners .•..... , •••.•..•• , ..•..•.•• , •....• 

1 earner •..• , .•..••...••••....•.•..•.•••. ,., 

2 earners .••....••.••••.••.•.•..•••..•..•••. 

3 earners or more .••.••...•..••••.•.•..••••. 

Employment Status of Head 

Total •.•••......••••.•..•••.••.••.•••. 

In civilian labor force .................... . 

Employed •..••.•..•... , •.•....•. , •• , •.•.. ,. 

Unemployed ••.••.•.••••..•.••••• , •.•.•••••• 

Percent unemployed ••.••.•••• , •.•..•••• ,. 

Not in civilian labor force •..• , ••••.•• ,.,,, 

Work Expertence of Head 

Total •.••••••...••••.•.•.••••• ,., •• , •• 

Worked last year., .•.•..••• ,, •.•.•••• , •••.•• 

50 to 52 weeks, .•••• , •.••.••..•••••••.•••• 

Full ttnte .............................. . 

to 49 weeks .••.••••••..•.•• ,., •.•.•• ,,., 

· Reason for working part year: 

Unemployed .•••• , ••.••• ,,,,, •.•.• ,,, ••. 

Other •..•.•• , ••••.•.. ,,,, •..•.• ,,, ..•. 

Did not work last year .................... .. 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .••••.•• ,., ............. . 

Other ••.•.•...••• ,, •••. , •• ,,, •.•.• ,,,,,. 

In Armed Forces ....................... , .... . 

Educational Attainment of Head 

Total, 22 years and over., ••• ,, ••••••• 

No school years coa.pleted .•.••.•.•. ,., ••..•• 

Elementary: 1 to 5 years, •.••.• ,.,., .•••• ,. 

6 to 8 years ••••.•••• , •.•••• ,., 

High school : to 3 years. , •.•.•• , • , •.••• , •• 

4 years ••• , •.••.• ,., •.• , •••.•.• 

Collei-e (1 year or morel .•..•• , •.•.•.• ,, •••• 

Percent not a high school graduate •.•• , ••••. 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

48,470 

17,599 

5,649 

10,290 

9,997 

5, 758 

2,687 

2 ,139 

3.45 

48,470 

22 ,061 

26,409 

9,467 

R ,917 

4,673 

1,989 

1,363 

2,10 

48,470 

4 ,415 

16,274 

20,411 

7,370 

48,470 

39,282 

36,877 

2,405 

6.1 

9,189 

48,470 

40,820 

32,883 

31 ,836 

7,937 

3,817 

4,120 

6,723 

2,215 

4,509 

9" 

47,344 

300 

2,075 

7,198 

6,890 

16,067 

14,815 

34.8 

All races 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

4 ,483 

1 ,672 

. 912 

676 

. 706 

519 

379 

3.81 "' 

4,483 

1 ,812 

2,668 

667 

539 '" 

343 

416 

2.n 

4,483 

1 ,265 

1,886 

1 ,040 

289 

4,483 

2 ,644 

2,254 

390 

14.8 

1,836 

4,483 

2,773 

1,440 

1 ,292 

1,332 

681 

6;1 

1,619 

"' 8" 

89 

4,238 

132 

680 

1 ,133 

no 

983 

5<0 

64.1 

total 

9.2 

9. 5 

16,1 

6.6 

'-' 

9.0 

14.1 

24.6 

(X) 

9.2 

8.2 

10.1 

'-' '·9 

11.5 

17.2 

30.5 

(X) 

9.2 

21L7 

11.6 

5.1 

3.9 

9.2 6., 

6.1 

16 •. 2 

(X) 

20.0 

9.2 

6.8 

••• 

•. 1 

16.8 

17.9 

15.8 

24.1 

35.1 

18.7 

9.5 

9.0 

44.0 

32.8 

15.7 

11.2 

6.1 

3.6 

(X) 

Total 

44 ,238 

16,431 

5,348 

9 ,314 

9,165 

5,228 

2 ,365 

1 '735 

3.41 

44 ,238 

20,580 

23,658 

8,500 

8,111 

4,214 

1 '752 

1,082 

2-07 

44 ,238 

4,054 

14,966 

18,508 

6. 711 

44,238 

35,963 

. 33,903 

2,060 

5.' 8,275 

44,238 

37,367 

30,330 

29,387 

7,037 

3 ,341 

3,696 

6,058 

1,891 

4,168 

813 

43,211 

212 

1,534 

6,527 

6,105 

14,910 

13 ,924 

33.3 

White 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

3 ,575 

1 ,449 

802 

537 

558 

"' "' 352 

3.64 

3,575 

1,558 

2,017 

532 

5" 

<09 

2" 

2.62 "' 

3,575 

1,032 

1 ,532 

"2 

188 

3 ,575 

2,118 

1 ,814 

30< 

14.4 

1 ,457 

3 ,575 

2,232 

1 ,185 

l ,066 

1 ,047 

534 

1 ,274 "' 

"' 695 

69 

3,372 

80 

'" 9<0 

582 

839 

61.1 "' 

total 

8.1 

8. 8 

15.0 

5 .8 

6.1 

11-5 '·' 

20.3 

(X) 

8.1 

'· 6 8.5 

6.3 

6., 

9-' 

14.7 

25.3 

(X) 

8.1 

25.4 

10.2 

... 

2. 8 

8.1 

5.9 

5.3 

14.8 

(X) 

17.6 

8.1 

6.0 

3.9 

3.6 

14.9 

16.0 

13.9 

21.0 

30.6 

16.7 

8 .• 

'·8 

37.7 

29.8 

14.4 

9.5 

5.6 

3 •• 

(X) 

Total 

3 ,558 

1 ,018 

"' 811 

661 

<36 

266 

367 

3.92 

3,558 

1,269 

2,289 

62< "'

<00 

199 

258 

2.32 

3,558 

321 

1,066 

1 ,638 

533 

3,558 

2,775 

2 ,462 

313 

11.3 

,83 

3 ,558 

2,902 

2,112 

2,020 

790 

"' "' 5" 

299 

2n 

86 

3,463 

519 " 

621 

9" "' 

"1 

55.4 

Negro 

Below 125 percent 

of the low-· income level 

Percent 

NUmber of 

806 

21< 

108 

116 

128 

91 

.. 

16< 

4.47 

806 

234 

sn 

125 

1" 

110 

132 " 

3 ·"' 

806 

205 

320 

'" 92 

806 

396 '" 

15.7 " 

335 

806 

,., 

239 

211 

25< 

1" 

128 

299 

"' 11< 

" 

"6 

215 " 

"' "' 120 

79.0 " 

total 

22.6 

21.0 

39.1 

14.3 

19.1 

20.9 

35.3 

44.7 

(X) 

22.6 

18.4 

24.9 

15.5 

20.4 

27-5 

38.2 

51.2 

(X) 

22.6 

63.6 

30.0 

11.5 

17.2 

22.6 

16.9 

16.1 

23.6 

(X) 

26.7 

22.6 

17.0 

11.3 

10.4 

32.1 

30.9 

33.5 

52.4 

61.7 

42.1 

15.8 

22.1 

(8) 

41.4 

28.3 

24.6 

12.3 

,.0 

(X) 
,, ' ~·· 

133 

Table 47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers in thousands. Families as of March 1975) 

Selected characteristics 

FAMILIES WITH A MIU.E HEAD--Continued 

Occupation and Class of Worker 

of Longest Job 

Worked last year, totaL ........... , •....... 

Wage and salary workers ....•............. , 

Professional and managerial. ........... . 

Clerical and. sales .•...• , ... ,, •.. , .. , .. . 

Craft and kindred workers,,,, ... , .. , ... . 

Operatives, incl. transport ..• ,,,,,,, .. . 

laborers , exc. farm ..... , .••...•...•... , 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors •.•.. 

Service wkrs., exc. priv. household ..... 

Private" household workera .•..•.......•.. 

Self-employed, farm •...••.•.•..•...•.•...• 

Self-employed, other .••...•••..•.•.•....•. 

Unpaid family workers ..•.•.• , ..•.•...•.•.• 

Income of Specified Type as 

Percent of Total Income 

Income from earnings ....•....•..•. , .•. 

to 49 percent .•••.•...•... ,, •. , •• ,, ••• , ••. 

50 to 99 percent ........................... . 

100 percent. •.••.••••.•.•.•.•.••..•...•.•.•. 

Social Security income ............... . 

1 to 49 percent ...•.•.•. ,.,,,,,,,., •.•.•.••. 

50 to 99 percent ... ,, ••.•...•.•....•........ 

100 percent ... ,, •••...•.....•.•....• , •..• ,., 

Public assistance income ..•..•.... , •.. 

1MI9~-d •••••.•....•..•.• ,.,,,. 

50 to 99 percent, , , ...•. , . , . , .• , , •... , .. , , , . 

100 percent ••••.....•.•.•.•. ,,., .....•....•. 

Other transfer income' ..•.••.......... 

1 to 49 percent ..•..•.... ,.,, .•..•.•........ 

50 to 99 percent .....•..••....•..•........•. 

100 percent ...•...•. ,.,, •...•.•..•.•..•...•. 

Other unearned tncome 2 .• , ..••..•..•... 

1 to 49 percent ..•..• ,,,., ....•..•.•..•.•.•. 

50 to 99 percent, •••..•....•..• ,, ••••• ,,, .•• 

100 percent.,., ••••.•.........•. , •••• ,, ••• ,. 

FAMILIES WITH A FEMALE HEAD 

Age of Head 

Total. .• , •.•••.....•.•.•..••.•. , .•.•• , 

Under 25 years, •• , .•.•...•...•..•..•.•.•.... 

25 to 34 years, . , ......•.•.•.•..•....•... , , . 

3_5 to 44 years •...• ." .....•.•..•.•..•.•.•...• 

45 to 54 years .••..•.•...•.•.. , .• , .•• ,,., •• , 

55 to 64 years ..••.•..• , ••• , ••••••••••••••• , 

65 years and over ..••.•.•......•• , .••.••.... 

Median age ••.• , •••.•.•.•.•.•.•..•.•..•.•...• 

Size of Family 

Total. •.• , ...•.•.•.•.....••.••...•.•.. 

2 persons,, .•..•...•.•.• , •... , .•• · • · • • · · • • • · 

Head 65 years and over •. , . , •.• , .•.•..•.•.. 

3 persona •.•. , .••.•.. ,.,,, •. ,, .• , .•.•.• ,., .. 

4 persons •• , ..••..•.•.•.•••.• , •••••••••••••• 

5 persons,.,, .....•.•.•.•. ,.,,,,, • • • • •. • • • • • 

6 persons •.•..••.. ,, •• , .•••••.•..•..•.•..••. 

7 persons or more •. , •.• ,.,.,,., •.••.•.•.•... 

Mean size of family., .•.• ,,.,., ..••...•..... 

See footnotes at end of table. 

Total 

40,820 

35,894 

10 ,643 

4 ,342 

R,666 

6 ,929 

2,196 

532 

2,567 

18 

1 ,456 

3 ,445 

26 

44 ,054 

3,146 

26,441 

14,468 

9,725 

5 ,889 

3 ,201 

635 

1 ,982 

1,575 

24< 

162 

9,205 

8,392 

'" 50 

26.742 

25 ,434 

1,199 

109 

7,242 

>43 

1,613 

1 ,511 

1,335 

932 

1 ,108 

43.4 

7,242 

3 ,224 

'80 1 ,847 

1,005 

555 

318 

293 

3.21 

All races 

Below 125 percent 

of the low- income level 

Percent 

Number of 

2,776 

1 ;955 

155 

113 

10> 

511 

352 

"" "' I 

382 

128 

11 

total 

6.8 

5 .I 

1.5 

'-' 

.., 

'-' 

16.0 

34.4 

'-' 

26.2 '"' 12.4 

. (B) 

3,~!~ . 2~:! 

1,004 3.8 

1,495 10.3 

1 ,480 

31> 

"' "' 810 

501 

191 

118 

612 

522 

139 

30 

1 ,149 

963 

138 

" 

2,953 

519 

931 

69> 

381 

202 

220 

35.3 

2 ,953 

919 

115 

69> 

532 

351 

202 

219 

3.62 

15.2 

5.1 

24.6 

58.9 

42.4 

31.8 

78.3 

91.4 

7.5 

6.2 

18.2 

(B) 

.4.3 

3.8 

11.5 

43.1 

40.8 

69.9 

57.9 

46.1 

28.6 

21.7 

19.9 

(X) 

40.8 

29.4 

18.6 

37.7 

52.9 

63.8 

63.5 

74,7 

(X) 

Total 

37,367 

32 ,672 

10,152 

4 ,069 

8,081 

6,056 

1 '740 

151 

2 ,119 

6 

1 ,381 

3,290 

21 

40,183 

2,836 

24,845 

12,502 

8,921! 

5,427 

2 ,957 

5<5 

1 ,517 

1 ,228 

ln 

118 

8,478 

7. 738 

702 

38 

25,557 

24 ,288 

1 ,175 

95 

5 ,212 

138 

1,072 

1,030 

999 

'" 909 

45.7 

5 ,212 

2,589 

680 

1 ,384 

661 

338 

135 

101 

2.97 

White 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

2 ,232 

1 ,483 

131 

92 

329 

388 

219 

111 

116 

2 

313 

396 

10 

2 ,541 

561 

822 

1 ,156 

1 ,188 

"' 668 

30< 

590 

353 

130 

107 

556 

121 

110 

23 

1,020 

851 

129 

39 

1 ,661 

2n 

562 

38> 

206 

118 

35.0 "' 

1,661 

610 

92 

130 

302 

185 

66 

68 

3.32 

total 

6.0 

1.5 

1.3 

2.3 

1.1 

::6.4 

14.3 

31.3 

'·' (B) 

24.8 

12.0 

(B) 

6.3 

19.8 

3.3 

9.2 

13.3 

1.0 

22.6 

55.8 

38.9 

28.7 

76.0 

90.7 

6.6 

5.5 

15,7 

(B) 

1.0 

3.5 

11.0 

41.1 

31.9 

61.9 

52.4 

37.6 

20.7 

15.4 

12.8 

"' 

31.9 

23.6 

13.5 

31.1 

45.5 

54.7 

48.9 

67.3 

(X) 

Total 

2 ,902 

2 '741 

281 

"' 196 

816 

125 

" "' 

62 ' 

99 

3 ,237 

2" 

1 ,215 

1 '754 

m 

395 

229 

" 

136 

331 

39 " 

621 

551 

" 9 

800 

"' " 6 

1,940 

296 

526 

160 

315 

155 

38.2 "' 

1,940 

601 

96 

136 

318 

212 

183 

190 

3.86 

Negro · 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

Ill 

131 

10 

16 

n 

113 

102 

39 

" 2 

31 

29 

602 

"' 151 

311 

266 

81 

" 231 

111 

55 

36 

11< 

80 

29 

5 

" 85 

5 

I 

1 ,249 

212 

365 

298 

"' 

100 " 

35.6 

1,249 

323 

50 

261 

215 

165 

136 

119 

4.03 

total 

17.0 

15.8 

3.6 

14.3 '"' 

13.8 

24 .o 

(8) 

19.0 

(B) 

(B) 

29.3 

(B) 

18.6 

51.3 

12.4 

17.9 

37.4 

21.3 

50.2 

77.0 

53.0 

42.6 

(B) 

(B) 

18.4 

14.4 

(B) 

(B) 

11,8 

10.9 

(B) 

(B) 

64.4 

81.9 

69.4 

64.9 

53.1 

48.8 

53.7 

(X) 

64.4 

53.7 

52.1 

59.9 

67.6 

77.8 

74.3 

78.4 

(X) 
134 

Table 47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head---Cpntinued 

(Numbers in thousands, Families as of March 1975) 

Selected characteristics 

FAMILIES WITH A FEMAU: HEAD--Continued 

Presence of Related Children Under 

Total. ............................... 

~ 

. 

Without related children ..........•.•....•.. 

With relatoi!d children ........••.... , ... ,, ... 

1 child ..•..•......•........ ·•··•····•·•·· 

2 children •.. · .•..........••..••...••.•.•.. 

children .•.....•..... ,, .... , ..•....•.... 

4 children ....•....... ,., .•........ ,, ... ,, 

5 children or more ...... ·~· ............•.• 

Mean nwnber of children ..•..•.......•..•.• 

Number of Earners 

Total .•..............••....•.•..•..... 

No earners ..•................•.....•.••..... 

1 earner •.................•.....•..•.•....•. 

earners ..•. , .......•.•...... ·.··•·· • • ·. ·. · 

3 earners or more .•......•.••..•..• , ..... , .. 

Employment Status of Head 

Total •...........•.....••..•.•.....•.. 

In civilian labor force •.............•..•... 

Employed ••..•...•••..•.•..•...•... , ..•••.. 

Unemployed ....•...•....•.••.....•..•....•. 

P\<!rcent unemployed ........•..•..... ,, •.. 

Not in civilian labor force ..... , •. 

Work Experience Of Head 

Total.··········· • ...•.. · · · · · · • · · · · · · · Worked last year ....•........ , .. , •..•. , ... ,. 

50 to 52 weeks ....•.•.... ,., .....••.••••.. 

Full time ....... , ......•........•.•..... 

to 49 weeks .....•......... , ............ . 

Reason for working part year: 

Unemployed.; ..... , .....•....•..•..•... 

Other .•....... ,,., .....•......... , .... 

Did not work last year ....... ,, ............ . 

Reason for not working: 

Ill or disabled .•.......•....•..•..•..•. 

Keeping house .•... , .......•..•.... ' •....• 

Other .•................•..•.•..........• 

Educational Attainment of Head 

Total, 22 years and oVer.,. 

No school years completed .•....•..•.•..•.... 

Elementary: 1 to 5 years .................. . 

6 to 8 years .................. . 

High school: 1 to 3 years ..•.....•.......•.• 

4 years,, ..........••....•..•.• 

College (1 year or more) ..•........•..•.••.• 

Percent not a high school graduate ...... , , .. 

Occupation and Class of Worker 

of Longest Job 

Worko>d last year, total •• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.,.,, 

Wage and salary workers,, .. , .........•.... 

Professional and managerial. ...•..••.•.• 

Clerical and sales .....................• 

Craft and kindred workers ........•..•... 

Operatives, incl. transport ...•......... 

Laborers, exc. farm •...•....•....•...•.. 

Farm laborers, mgr's, & supervisors ..... 

Service wkrs., exc. priv. household,. 

Private household workers .....•. 

Self-employed, farm ........... , ... ,, •....... 

Self-employed, other ...... , ...............•. 

Unpaid familY workers ............•.......... 

See footnotes. at end of table. 

Total 

7,242 

2 ,320 

4 ,922 

2,003 

1 ,368 

n8 

"' 365 

2.12 

7,242 

1. 766 

3 ,310 

1 ,557 

608 

7,242 

3,934 

3,542 

302 

10.0 

3 ,308 

7,242 

4,326 

2 '718 

2,359 

1 ,608 

500 

1 ,lOR 

2 ,916 

504 

1 ,941 

380 

6,948 

85 

422 

1 ,273 

1 ,491 

2 ,433 

1 ,245 

47.1 

",326 

4 ,151 

6, 

1,501 

60 

680 

46 

38 

086 

,. 

24 

"' H 

All races 

Below 125 percent of the low- income level 

Percent 

Numb'"r of 

2 ,953 

3H 

2,639 

610 

"' 430 

33> 

,. 

2.48 

2 ,953 

1,335 

1 ,260 

256 

102 

2 ,953 

1 ,147 

"8 '" 

21.6 

1 ,806 

2,953 

1 ,302 

461 3" 

841 

268 

'" 1 ,652 

3" 

1 ,143 

184 

2,716 

,. 

.,. "' 

234 '" 

62.1 

1 ,302 

1 ,243 

64 

291 

,.. 

433 " 

140 

8 

45 

total 

40.8 

13.5 

53.6 

40.4 

51.0 

64.6 

77.5 

84.9 

(X) 

40.8 

75.6 

38.1 

16.4 

16.8 

40.8 

29.2 

25.4 

63.2 

(X) 

54.6 

40.8 

30.1 

17.0 

13.7 

52.3 

53.6 

51.7 

56.6 

54.6 

58.9 

48.4 

39.1 

35.3 

59.2 

46.1 

55.0 

32.6 

18.8 

(X) 

30.1 

29.9 

10.2 

19.4 

38.2 '"

(B) 

43.9 '" 

66.7 

32.6 '"' 

'" 

Total 

5 ,212 

1,~70 

3 ,242 

1,460 

838 

"' 2" 

>38 

1.94 

5,212 

1 ,163 

2 ,404 

1 ,194 

451 

5 ,212 

2,898 

2,645 

.., "' 

2 ,314 

5 ,212 

3 ,183 

2,036 

1,787 

1 ,146 

333 

813 

2,030 

348 

1 ,436 

"6 

5,040 

59 

266 

82' 

3m 1 ,861 

1 ,027 

42.7 

3 ,183 

3,033 

526 

1 ,247 

" "' 30 

22 

618 

" 

112 " 

14 

White 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

1 ,661 

188 

1 ,472 

506 

418 

"' 163 

114 

2.29 

1 ,661 

"' '08 

124 

55 

1 ,661 

668 

"' 142 

21.2 

992 

1 ,661 

N3 

,.. 

"' 503 

144 

"' 

916 

1 ,531 

18 

130 

3U 

385 

m 

1N 

57.5 

"3 ,.3 

50 

182 

8 

162 

15 

230 

38 

' " ' 

total 

31.9 

8.6 

45.4 

34.7 

44.5 

56.6 

T.!.8 

82.0 

(X) 

31.9 

66.6 

29.4 

10.4 

12.2 

31.9 

23.1 

19.9 

56.2 

(X) 

42.9 

31.9 

23.3 

_11.8 

8.6 

43.9 

43.2 

44.2 

45.2 

37.1 

49.8 

30.1 

30.4 

(8) 

48.9 

37.7 

42.4 

25.5 

16,9 

(X) 

23.3 

23.2 

8.5 

15.4 

34.0 '" 

(B) 

37.2 '" 

(8) 

(8) 

24.1 

'" 

Total 

1 ,940 

310 

1 ,630 

520 

414 

"1 

201 

224 

2,49 

1 ,940 

583 

868 

330 

148 

1 ,940 

880 

R52 

136 

13.9 

950 

1 ,940 

1 ,091 

645 

538 

445 

163 

262 

. 849 

1 ,819 

24 

148 

336 

,. 

542 

198 

59.4 

1 ,091 

1 ,069 

88 

245 

12 

1M 

355 " 

142 

22 

Negro 

Below 125 percent" 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

1 ,249 

112 

1 ,137 

290 

"' 212 

1" 

195 

2. 74 

1 ,249 

550 

530 

124 

45 

1 ,249 

463 

359 

10< 

22.5 

'86 

1 ,249 

541 

214 

145 

"' 

121 

206 

'08 

192 

406 

110 

total 

64.4 

36.1 

69.8 

55.8 

65.9 

78.2 

".1 

87.1 

(X) 

64.4 

92.9 

61.0 

37.6 

30.4 

64.4 

46.8 

42.2 

75.6 

(X) 

82.7 

64.4 

49.6 

33.1 

27.0 

73.5 

74.6 

T.!.8 

83.4 

80.0 

85.1 

83.3 

1,146 63.0 

12 (B) 

111 75.0 

237 ...., 70.1 

424 74.4 

302 55.7 

57 28.8 

68.4 (X) 

"' "' 12 

94 

" 

12 ' 

198 

101 

49.6 

49.0 

13.5 

38.4 

(B) 

so.o 

(B) 

(B) 

55. B 

n.1 

(B) 

(B) 

(B) 
t :-- , ... 

,.! ·'·· .. :. 

Table 47. Selected Characteristics of Families Below 125 Percent of the Low-Income 

Level in 1974 by Sex and Race of Head-Continued 

(Numbers '" thousands. Families .. of March 1975) 

"' races Whlte Negro 

Below 125 percent Below 125 percent Below 125 

of <be low- of <he low- of <ho 

135 

percent 

lowSelected charscteri st tcs income level income level income level 

Total Percent Total 

Number of Number 

total 

FAMILIES WITH A nlMALE HEAD--Continued 

Income of SI!ecified Tr~ .. Percent of Total Income 

Income from earnings .... , .. ,., ..•..... 5,475 1 ,619 29.6 4,049 

to 49 percent ..........•..•....... , .. ,.,,. 1,288 703 54.6 904 3" '" 50 fo " percent. ............ ,,,., .......... 3,112 5n 16.8 2,490 .,, 100 percent. ............ , .. , •............... 1 ,075 3" 36.5 655 210 

SD<:'ial Security income ..•.......•.••.• 2,437 ,. 23.6 1,968 329 

1 fo " percent ............. , .........••.••. 1 ,676 107 11.8 1,388 91 

50 fo 99 percent. •...... , .......• , .• , .. , .•.• 631 200 44.4 493 182 

100 percent ...... ........................... 130 97 74.6 " 55 

Public assistance income.,,., •. , ••.• ,. 2,378 1 '749 73.5 1 ,287 "6 1 fo " percefit., ...•..•..•.•.....••.. , , , • , • 1,043 501 48.0 606 246 

50 fo 99 percent ..... ,. ..................... "' 526 88.0 318 259 

100 percent .•.....•.• , ...•....•....•..•. ···• "' 724 98.4 362 354 

Other transfer income 1 •..... ,,., •.•... 1 ,091 208 19.1 908 137 

to 49 percent,,,,., •. ,., •..• , .. ,,,,, •• ,,., 1 ,001 174 17.4 843 117 

50 fo 99 percent •. , ..•....•.. ,,.,,,, •..•...• 82 29 35.4 62 17 

100 percent •....•......•.. , .•..•.•..•.•• ···· 8 6 (8) 4 4 

Other unearned income~ .......•. , •• , •.. 3 ,192 681 21.3 2 ,827 534 

1 fo 49 percent ....... , ..•..•.•..•.••.•• • • · · 2,770 500 18.1 2,436 371 

50 fo 99 percent ... ,., •. ,.,,, .•..•. ,.,,,,,., 310 104 33.5 284 93 

100 percent.,.,, ............................ 112 76 67.9 106 71 

- Represents zero. B Base less than 75,000. X Not applicable. 

'Unemployment and workmen's compensation, government employee pension!!, and veterans' payments. 

~Dividends, interest, rent, private pensions, annul ties, alimony, etc. 

Percent Total Percent 

of Number of 

total total 

21.9 1 ,347 699 51.9 

42.8 361 305 84.5 

11.6 585 "' 37.9 

32.1 401 172 42.9 

16.7 443 236 53.3 

6.6 274 103 37.6 

36.9 130 95 73.1 

63.2 39 38 '" 66.5 1 ,ose "2 81.6 

40.6 426 247 58.0 

81.4 270 257 95.2 

97.8 372 368 98.9 

15.1 173 65 37.6 

13.9 150 52 34.7 

(8) 20 11 (8) 

(8) 4 3 (8) 

18.9 322 137 42.5 

15.2 293 121 41.3 

32.7 24 11 (8) 

67.0 5 5 (8) 
136 

Table 48. Selected Characteristics of Unrelated Individuals Below 125 Percent of the 

Low-Income Level in 1974 by Race 

Selected characteristics 

Total .. 

Under 25 years. 

25 to 34 years. 

35 to 44 years. 

45 to 54 years. 

55 to 64 years. 

65 years and over. 

Total. 

Male .. 

Female .•... 

AGE 

EARNER STATUS 

Total .. 

Earner .... 

Nonearner ..•.. , , , ..•...... 

EMPLOYMENT STATUS 

Total .. 

In c1v1lh.n labor force .... 

Employed •••••. 

Unemployed. 

Percent unemployed. 

Not in c1v111an latx>r force. 

WORK EXPERIENCE 

Total. 

Worked last year ... 

50 to 52 weeks ••• 

Full time ....•... 

1 to 49 weeks ..•... 

Did not work last year. 

Reason. for not working: 

Ill or dhabled. 

Keeping house ...... . 

Other ... 

In Anned Forces ..... . 

EDUCATIONAL ATIAINMENT 

Total, 22 years and over. 

No school years completed. 

Elementary: 1 to 5 years. 

6 to 8 years. 

High school: 1 to 3 years. 

4 years. 

College (1 year or more). 

Per·cent not a high school graduate. 

(Nll!llbers in thousands. Unrelated individuals as of MarCh 1975) 

Total 

18.872 

2,965 

3,075 

1' 389 

'1' 971 

2' 970 

6,502 

18,872 

7,890 

10,981 

18,872 

11,609 

7' 262 

18,872 

10,590 

9,660 

'" 8.8 

~ ,281 

18,872 

11,475 

7. 468 

6,628 

4,006 

7' 293 

2' 155 

2,329 

2' 810 

103 

17' 449 

1' "' 258 

3,426 

2' 414 

4,679 

5,393 

" 3 

All races 

Below 125 percent 

of the low- income level 

Percent 

Number of 

6 '832 

1. 251 

"' "' 558 

1,023 

3' 236 

6' ll32 

2,206 

",626 

6 ,832 

2,424 

4,408 

6' 832 

2 '182 

1' 808 

,. 

17.1 

4,6:11 

6 ,832 

2,415 

'" 

1,609 "' 

4,411 

1 ,578 

1,391 

1,4<11 

6' 043 

'" 

1' "' 768 

1' "' 139 

1' 093 

63 .o 

total 

36.2 

42.2 

15.6 

20.6 

28.3 

" 49 ' 8 

36.2 

28.0 

42.1 

36 

" 9 <O 

"· '0 ' 18.7 

40.2 

(X) 

56.2 

36 2 

21 0 

10 8 

'. 2 40 2 

<O 

" 2 59.7 

01 3 

1.9 

34.6 

71.7 

67.2 

" 41 ' 3 

" 3 20.3 

(X) 

Total 

16,252 

2,641 

2 ,51'!3 

1 '130 

1,516 

2' 508 

5. 874 

16' 252 

6. 544 

9, 708 

16,252 

9, 961 

6,291 

16' 252 

9,051 

8,300 

'-' "' 

7,201 

16,252 

9, 1'!35 

6,459 

5' 759 

3,377 

6,323 

1,655 

2,175 

2,493 

" 

14' 978 

189 

. 2,979 "' 

1' 975 

4' 152 

4,883 

39.7 

White 

Percent 

Number of 

I 

5,502 

1,070 

"' '08 

340 

n5 

2. 739 

5' 502 

1,668 

3,834 

5. 502 

1' 922 

3,581 

5,502 

1' 729 

1,4<10 

289 

16. 7 

3' 774 

5. 503 

1' 913 

031 

1, "' 281 

3' 584 

1' 126 

1, 251 

1, 207 

5 

4,818 

"' 

1,476 "' 

,91 

%1 

9<8 

60.4 

total 

33.9 

10 5 

14 3 

18.4 

22.5 

30.9 

'' ' 

33.9 

25.5 

39.5 

33.9 

19 3 

56.9 

33.9 

19.1 

17.3 

38.4 

(8) 

52.4 

33.9 

19.5 

9.' 

,_, 

37.9 

56.7 

880 

57.5 

48.4 

5. 3 

32.2 

64.6 

65.3 

49.5 

40.1 

23.1 

19.4 

(X) 

- Represents i!:ero. B Base less than 75,000. X Not applicable. 

I 

Total 

2, 347 

"' 388 

23< 

"' "' "' 

2' 347 

1' 171 

1' 176 

2,347 

1,444 

903 

2,347 

1' 340 

1' 182 

11.8 "' 

1,007 

2' 347 

1. 435 

893 

543 "' 

903 

2' 219 

R2 

"' "' "' 452 

390 

62.0 

Below 125 percent 

of the lowincome level 

Percent 

Number of 

1,:>19 

lH 

83 

213 

"' 483 

1,?19 

<83 

"' 

1, 219 

<35 

'" 

1, 219 

389 

31< 

19.3 " 

830 

1' 219 

"' 151 

284 

'" 

"' 135 

"I 

1,127 

n 

302 

282 

203 

157 

lll 

76. 1 

total 

51.9 

57.2 

21.6 

28.6 

<18.6 

54.0 

80.3 

51.9 

39.5 

64.3 

51 9 

30. 

86. 8 

51. 9 

29.0 

26.6 

47.3 

(X) 

62.4 

5i.9 

30.3 

16.9 

9.9 

52.3 

86.8 

90.9 

93.8 

76.2 

;a> 

50 8 

" 70.7 ' 85 0 

<70 

34. 7 

28.5 

(8) 
'J· i' ···1 ;';.:," · ·' 

' 

APPENDICES 

APPENDIX A 

DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS 

Population coverage. This report excludes inmates of 

institutions and unrelated individuals under 14 years old. 

It includes only those approximately 1.0 million mem· 

bers of the Armed Forces living off post or with their 

families on post. 

Farm-:-nonfarm residence. The farm population refers 

to rural residents living on farms. The method of 

determining farm-nonfarm residence in the present 

survey is the same as that used in the 1960 and 1970 

censuses and in the Current Population Surveys since 

1960, but differs from that used in earlier surveys and 

censuses. According to the current definitions, the farm 

population consists of all persons living in rural territory 

on places of less than 10 acres yielding agricultural 

products which sold for $250 or more in the previous 

year, or on places of 10 acres or more yielding 

agricultural products which sold for $50 or more iri the 

previous year. Rural persons in institutions, motels, and 

tourist camps, and those living on rented places where 

.no land is used for farming are not classified as farm 

population. 

The nonfarm population, as the term is used here, 

comprises persons living in urban areas and rural persons 

not on farmS. 

Metropolitan-nonmetropolitan residenre. The population residing in standard metropolitan statistical areaS 

(SMSA's) constitutes the metropolitan population. Except in New England, an SMSA is a county or group of 

contiguous counties which contains at least one city of 

50,000 inhabitants or more, or "twin cities" with a 

combined population of at least 50,000. In addition to 

the county or counties containing such a city or cities, 

contiguous counties are included in an SMSA if, 

according to certain criteria, they are essentially metropolitan in character and are socially and economically 

integrated with the central city. In New England, 

SMSA's consist of towns and cities, rather than counties. 

The 1974 and the revised 1969 and 1971 to 1973 

figures shown in this report for SMSA's are based on the 

SMSA's as defined on the basis of the 1970 census; 

those shown for earlier years refer to SMSA's defined on 

the basis of the 1960 census. As a result of these 

changes, the proportion of low-income families in 1969 

living in metropolitan areas increased from about 49 

percent to 52 percent. The comparable figures for 

families above the low-income level V~.ere 66 percent and 

70 percent, respectively. 

Central cities. The population inside SMSA's is 

further classified as "inside central cities" and "outside 

central cities." With a few exceptions, central cities are 

determif!ed according to the following criteria: 

1. The largest city in an SMSA is always a central 

city. 2. One or two additional cities may be secondary 

central cities on the basis and in the order of the 

following criteria: a. The additional city or cities have at least 

250,000 inhabitants. 

b. The additio.nal city or cities have a population 

of one-third or more of that of the largest city 

and a minimum population of 25,000. 

Geowaphic regions. The four major regions of the 

United States for which data are presented in this report 

represent groups of States, as follows: 

Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, 

New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, 

Rhode Island, Vermont. 

North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, 

Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, 

Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin. 

South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of 

Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North carolina, Oklahoma, South 

Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia. 

West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Ha· 

waii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, 

Lhah, Washington, Wyoming. 

North and West: Northeast, North Central, and 

West regions combined. 

Poverty Areas. For this report poverty areas in 

metropolitan areas are defined in terms of census tracts 

and in nonmetropolitan areas in terms of minor civil 

divisions (townships, districts, etc.) in which 20 percent 

or more of the population was below the low-income 

level in 1969. This method of defining poverty areas 

differs from the definition's used in past Current 

Population Reports. 

139 
140 

The 1970 census definition was developed in order to 

provide a statistical index based on income only and to 

utilize the small area data on poverty status which VI/ere 

available in 1970 for the first time in a decennial census. 

Research was conducted by the Bureau's staff to find a 

definition that would delineate poverty areas for a given 

year which would be similar in size and location to 

those delineated by the 1960 poverty area definition; 

which consisted of an unvveighted combination of five 

poverty-related socioeconomic characteristics. For this 

purpose, .the Bureau utilized a _special tabulation of 

1960 census data for census tracts in a sample of large 

metropolitan areas. Poverty areas defined by the 1960 

low-income area definition \!\.ere compared to those 

defined by aggregating all census tracts with poverty 

rates above selected cutoff values. Based on this 

research, it was determined that areas consisting of 

census tracts with poverty rates of 20 percent or more 

most closely approximated those defined by the 1960 

method. For further details, see 1970 Census of 

Population Report PC(2)-9B, "Low-Income Areas in 

large Cities, ' and Supplementary Reports PC(S1 )·65 to 

PC(S1 )-1 03, "Low-Income Neighborhoods in Large 

Cities: 1970." 

Federal regions. The ten standard Federal administrative regions for which data are presented in this 

report represent groups of States, as follows: 

Region I, Boston: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont. 

Region II, New York: New Jersey, New York. 

Region Ill, Philadelphia: Delaware, District of 

Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia . 

. Region IV, Atlanta: Alabama •. Florida, Georgia, 

Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, 

Tennessee. 

Region V, Chicago: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, 

Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin. 

Region VI, Dallas· Fort Worth: Arkansas, Louisiana, 

New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas. 

Region VII, Kansas City: Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, 

Nebraska. 

Region VIII, Denver: Colorado, Montana, North 

Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming. 

Region IX, San Francisco: Arizona, California, 

Hawaii, Nevada. 

Region X, Seattle: Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington. 

Mobility status. The population of the United States 

has been classified according to mobility status on the 

basis of a comparison between the place of residence of 

each person at the survey date and the place of 

residence 5 years earlier. 

1. Nonmovers. This group consists of persons who 

were living in the same house at the end of the period as 

at the beginning of the period. 

2. Movers. This group consists of all persons who 

were living in a different house in the United States at 

the end of the period than at the beginning of the 

period. 

3. Persons abroad. This group consists of persons, 

either citizens or aliens, whose place of residence was 

outside the United States at the beginning of the period, 

that is, in an Outlying area under the jurisdiction of the 

United States or in a foreig1 country. 

Income. For each person 14 years old and over in the 

sample, questions were asked on the amount of money 

income received in the preceding calendar year from 

each of the following sources: (1) Money wages or 

salary; (2) net income from nonfarm self-employment; 

(3) net income from farm self-employment; (4) Social 

Security or railroad retirement; (5) supplemental security income; (6) public assistance or welfare payments; 

(7) interest (on savings or bonds); (8) dividends, income 

from estates or trusts, or net rental income; (9) veterans' 

payments or unemployment and workmen's compensation; (10) private pensions or g:Jvernment employee 

pensions; (11) alimony or child support, regular contributions from persons not living in the household, and 

other periodic income. 

When an indefinite amount was reported by the 

respondent, a specific value was assigned dur_ing processing wherever possible. If the indefinite amount was 

reported in terms of a range, the midpoint of the range 

was assigned, e.g., $10,000 to $15,000 was coded as 

$12,500. Open-ended amounts were converted to specific amounts. 

It should be noted that although the income statistics 

refer to receipts during the preceding year the characteristics of the person, such as a~, labor force status, etc., 

and the composition of families refer to the time of the 

survey. The income of the family does not include 

amounts received by persons who were members of the 

family during all or part of the income year if these 

persons no longer resided with the family at the time of 

enumeration. On the other hand, family income includes amounts reported by related persons who did not 

reside with the family during the income year but who 

were members of the family at the time of enumeration. 
Data on income collected in the CPS are limited to 

money income received before payments for personal 

income taxes, Social Security, union dues, Medicare 

deductions, etc. Money· income is the sum of the 

amounts received from earnings; Social Security and 

public assistance payments; dividends, interest, and rent; 

unemployment and workmen's compensation; government and private employee pensions; and other periodic 

income. (Certain money receipts such as capital gains 

are not included.) Therefore, money income does not 

reflect the fact that many families receive part of their 

income in the form of nonmoney transfers such as food 

stamps, health benefits, and subsidized housing; that 

many farm families receive nonmoney income in the 

form of rent-free housing and goods produced and 

consumed on the farm; or that non money incomes are 

also received by some nonfarm residents which often 

take the form of the use of business transportation and 

facilities, full or partial payments by business for 

retirement programs, medical and educational expenses, 

etc. 1 These elements should be considered when comparing income levels. Moreover, readers should be aware 

that for many different reasons there is a tendency in 

household surveys for respondents to underreport their 

income. Overall, income earned from wages or salary is 

much better reported than other sources of income and 

is nearly equal to independent estimates of aggregate 

income. By contrast, recent CPS income data on Social 

Security and public assistance payments to beneficiaries 

have averaged approximately 89 percent and 75 percent 

of independent estimates, respectively. 

Money wages or salary is total money earnings 

received for work performed as an employee during the 

income year. It includes wages, salary, Armed Forces 

pay, commissions, tips, piece-rate payments, and cash 

bonuses earned, before deductions vvere made for taxes, 

bonds, pensions, union dues, etc. 

Net income from nonfarm self-employment is net 

money income (gross receipts minus expenses) from 

one's own business, professional enterprise, or partnership. Gross receipts include the value of all goods 

1 Estimates of Federally funded non-money transfer income 

programs benefiting persons below the low-income level are 

published in the Statistical Abstract. 1975, table 664. "Federal 

Outlays Benefiting Low-Income Persons: 1964 to 1974." It 

should be noted that federal outlays for in-kind benefits, which 

in table 664 include "Medicaid" and "Medicare'_' in addition to 

"Income security in kind", cannot be equated to increases in 

consumer income because they do not necessarily release equivalent amounts of funds for either consumption or savings. 

.... ,._, 

141 

sold and services rendered. Expenses include costs of 

goods purchased, rent, heat, light; po"""r. depreciation 

charges, wages and salaries paid, business taxes (not 

personal income taxes). etc. The value of salable 

merchandise consumed by the proprietors of retail 

stores is not included as part of net income. 

Net income from farm self·employment is net 

money income (gross receipts minus operating expenses) 

from the operation of a farm by a person on his own 

account, as an owner, renter, or sharecropper. Gross 

receipts include the value of all products sold, government c~op loans, money received from the rental of 

farm equipment to others, and incidental receipts from 

the sale of wood, sand, gravel, etc. Operating expenses.· 

include cost of feed, fertilizer, seed, and other farming 

supplies, cash wages paid to farmhands, depreciation 

charges, cash rent, interest on farm mortgages, farm 

building repairs, farm taxes (not State and Federal 

income taxes), etc. The value of fuel, food, or other 

farm products used for family living is not included as 

part of net income. In general, inventory changes vvere 

not considered in determining net income; however, 

replies based on income tax returns or other official 

records do reflect inventory changes. 

Social Security includes Social Security pensions 

and survivor's benefits, and permanent disability insurance payments made by the Social Security Administration prior to deductions for medical insurance and 

railroad retirement insurance checks from the U.S. 

Government. "Medicare" reimbursements are not included. 

Dividends, interest (on savings or bonds). income 

from estates or trusts, net rental income or net royalties 

include dividends from stockholdings or membership in 

associations, interest on savings or bonds, periodic 

receipts from estates or trust funds, net income from 

rental of a house, store, or other property to others, 

receipts from boarders or lodgers, and net royalties. 

Public assistance or welfare payments include 

public assistance payments such as aid to fami.lies with 

dependent children, general assistance, and supple· 

mental security income. Separate payments received for 

hospital or other medical care (vendor payments) are 

excluded from this item. 

Uneinployment compensation, government employee pensions, or veterans' payments include: (1) 

Unemployment compensation received from government unemployment insurance agencies or private 

companies during periods of unemployment and any 

strike benefits received from union funds; (2) government employee pensions received from retirement pensions paid by Federal, State, county, or other governmental- agencies to former employees (including 

members of the Armed Forces) or their survivors; (3) 
142 

money paid periodically by the Veterans' Admin istration to disabled members of the Armed Forces or to 

survivors of deceased veterans, subsistence allowances 

paid to veterans for education and on-the-job training, 

as well as so-called "refunds" paid to ex .servicemen as 

Gl insurance premiums; also includes (4) workmen's 

compensation received periodically from public or 

private insurance companies for injuries incurred at 

work. The cost of this insurance must have been paid by 

the employer and not by the person. 

Private pensions, annuities, alimony, regular. contributions from persons not living in the househOI.d, and 

other periodic income include the following types of 

income: (1) Private pensions or ret.irement benefitS paid 

to a retired person or his survivors by a. former employer 

or by a union, either directly or through an insurance 

company; (2) periodic receipts from annuities or insur~ 

ance; (3) alimony and child support; (4) contributions 

received periodically from persons not living in the 

household; and (5) other periodic income such as 

military family allotments, net gambling .winnings, and 

other kinds of periodic income other than earnings. 

Receipts not counted as income. Receipts from the 

following sources_ were not included as income: (1) 

Money received from the sale of property, such as 

stocks, bonds, a house, or a car (unless the person was 

engaged in ·the business of selling such property, in 

which case the net proceeds would be counted as 

income from self-employment); (2) withdrawals of bank 

deposits; (3) money borrowed; (4) tax refunds; (5) gifts; 

and (6) lump sum inheritances Or insurance payments. 

All sources of income may be combined into two 

major types: 

Total money earnings-the al~braic sum of money 

wages or salary and net income from farm and nonfarm 

self-employment; and· 

Income other than earnings-the algebraic sum of 

all sauces of money income except wages and salaries 

and income from self-employment. 

Total money income. The algebraic sum of money 

wages and salaries, net income from self-employment, 

and income other than earnings represents total money 

income. The total income of a family is the algebraic 

sum of the amounts received by all income recipients in 

the family. 

The income tables for families and unrelated indivi~ 

duals include in the lowest income group (under 

$1 ,000) those that were classified as having no income 

in the income year and those reporting a loss in net 

income from farm and nonfarm self~employment or in 

rental income. Many of these VIICre living on income "in 

kind," savings, or gifts; or were newly constituted 

families, unrelated individuals who had recently left 

families, or. families in which the sole breadwinner had 

recently died or had left the household. HmM•ver, many 

of the families and unrelated individuals who· reported 

no income probably had some money income which was 

not recorded in the survey. 

MBdian income. The median income is the amount 

which divides the distribution into two equal groups, 

one having incomes above the median, and the other 

havinQ incomes below the median. 

Mean income. The ·"meari income is the amount 

obtained by dividing the total income of a group by the 

number of families or unrelated individuals (as appropriate) in that group. •. · 

Income per family member. The income per family 

member is the average amount of income available to 

every man, woman, and·· child in a family. Income per 

family member is derived by dividing the total family 

income of a group by the number of family members in 

the same group. 

Comparability of Current Population Survey income 

data with other data from Bureau of Economic Analysis 

(BEA) personal income series. The income data pre· 

sented in this report are not directly comparable with 

estimates Of aggregate personal income prepilred by the 

Bureau of Economic Analysis (formerly the Office of 

BuSiness Economics) of the· Department of Commerce. 

The lack of correspondence stems from the following 

differences in definition and coverage: 

Income definition. The personal .income series in· 

eludes, among other item~. the following types of 

nonmoney income which are not included in the census 

definition: Wages received in kind, the value of food and 

fuel produced and consumed on farms, the net rental 

value of owner-occupied homes, the property income 

received by mutual life insurance companies, and the 

value of the services of banks and other financial 

intermediaries rendered to persons without the assess~ 

ment of Specific charges. These items of income in kind 

account· for about 4 percent of total personal income. 

The Census· Bureau defii"liti6n of income, on the other 

hand, includes such items as regular contributions for 

support received from persons who do not reside in the 

same living quarter, income received from roomers and 

boarders residing in households, and employee contributions for social insurance which are not included in 

the pei-sonal income. series. These items, however, 

represent a much smaller income total than the non~ 

money items included in personal income. 

Source of d3ta. The personal income series· is 

estimated largely on the basis of data derived from 

business and governmental sources. These sources 

include the indUstrial and population censuses, employ~ 

ers' wage reports under the Social Security programs, 
and records of disbursements to individuals by governmental agencies. The income data presented in the 

census reports, on the other hand, are based directly on 

field surveys of households. As discussed in the section 

"Source and reliability of the estimates," income data 

obtained in household interviews are subject to various 

types of reporting errors which tend to produce an 

understatement of income. It is estimated that the 

income surveys conducted by the Bureau of the Census 

during the past few years have obtained about 89 

percent of the comparable aggregate total money 

income, 97 percent of the ·comparable aggregate money 

wage or salary income, 89 percent of the comparable 

aggregate money Social Security income, and 75 percent 

of the comparable aggregate money public assistance 

income included in the personal income series prepared 

by the BEA. Comparable estimates are not available for 

the low-income population. 

Poverty (low-income) definition. Poverty statistics 

presented in this repOrt are based on a definition 

developed by the Social Security Administration in 

1964 and revised by a Federal Interagency Committee 

in 1969. 

Statistics presented in Census Bureau reports prior to 

publication of Current Population Reports, Series P-60, 

No. 68, "Poverty in the United States, 1959 to 1968," 

were based on the poverty index developed by the 

Social Security Administration (SSA) in• 1964. This 

index provided a range of income cutoffs adjusted by 

such factors as family size, sex of the family head, 

number of children under 18 years old, and farmnonfarm residence. At the core of this definition of 

poverty was a nutritionally adequate food plan ("economy" plan) designed by the Department of Agriculture 

for "emergency or temporary use when funds are low." 

It was determined from the Department of Agriculture's 

1955 survey of food consumption that families of three 

or more persons spend approximately one-third of their 

income on food; the poverty level for these families was, 

therefore, set at three timeS the cost of the economy 

food plan. For smaller families and persons living alone, 

the cost of the economy food plan was multiplied by 

factors that were slightly higher in order to compensate 

for the relatively larger fixed expenses of these smaller 

households. Annual revisions of these SSA poverty 

cutoffs were based on price changes of the items in the 

economy food budget. 

As a result of deliberations of a Federal Interagency 

Committee in 1969, the following two modifications to 

the original SSA definition of poverty were recommended: (1) that the SSA thresholds for nonfarm 

families be retained for the base year 1963, but that 

annual adjustments in the levels be based on changes in 

the Consumer Price Index (CPI) rather than on changes 

in the cost of food included in the economy food plan; 

and (2) that the farm thresholds be raised from 70 to 85 

percent o·f the corresponding nonfarm levels. The 

143 

combined impact of these two modifications resulted in 

an increase of 360,000 poor !ami lies and 1.6 million 

poor persons in 1967. The reasons for making these 

changes are outlined below. 

Change in cost of living adjustment. Annual revisions 

of the SSA poverty thresholds were based only on the 

average per capita cost of the foods in the economy food 

budget. This method of updating these cutoffs did not 

fully reflect increases in the overall cost of living during 

the 1960's. The pace at which the general cost of living 

advanced in the 1960's was not uniformly matched by 

increases in the price of goods in the economy foOd 

plan. Thus, general price changes since 1959 were not 

paralleled by comparable changes in the poverty. thresholds. The differences between changes in the cost of 

the economy food budget and the overall cost of living 

led to the adoption of the CPI as the basis for annual 

revisions in the income cutoffs. 

Table A-1 shows the changes in the CPI between 1959 

and 1974 and the corresponding average thresholds for a 

nonfarm family of four. 

Table A-1. Changes Between 1959 and 1974 in the 

Consumer Price Index and the Average 

Low-Income Threshold for a Nonfarm Family of 

Four 

Year 

1974 ..•••.• 

1973 •..•.•• 

1972 ••••••• 

1971 ••••..• 

1970 .•••••. 

1969 .•.•••• 

1968 •••••.. 

1967 ••••••. 

1966 ••••••• 

1965 .•••••. 

1964 ....... 

1963 ....... 

1962 ....... 

1961 ••.•••. 

1960 ....... 

1959, •.•.•• 

Average threshold 

Consumer Price for a nonfarm 

Index family of four 

( 1963=100) 

161.1 

145.1 

136.6 

132.3 

126.8 

119.7 

113.6 

109.1 

106.0 

103.1 

101.3 

100.0 

98.8 

97,7 

96.7 

95.2 

persons 

$5,038 

4~540 

4,275 

4,137 

3,968 

3,743 

3,553 

3,410 

3,317 

3,223 

3,169 

3,128 

3,089 

3,054 

3,022 

2 ~ 973 

Change in the farm-nonfarm relationship. Under the 

old definition, the poverty thresholds for farm families 

were adjusted for the average value of food consumed 

by these families which they had grown themselves. 
144 

Based on a 1961 study of household consumption 

which indicated that the value of food produced by 

farm famflies for home use amounted to about 30 

percent of their total food budget, the poverty cutoffs 

for farm families were established at 70 percent of the 

nonfarm levels. 

Up to the present time, no entirely satisfactory means 

of determining the income required for equivalent levels 

of living for farm and nonfarm families has been 

provided by studies on this subject. Further research is 

needed to analyze the differences in the costs between 

farm and nonfarm families. Although it is not yet 

possible to quantify exactly all the factors contributing 

to cost of living differences betvveen farm and nonfarm 

families, research already completed suggests that the 

differences are not as great as provided for by the 70 

percent differential. After weighing the available evidence, the Review Committee ag-eed that narrowing the 

farm-nonfarm differential to 85 percent more nearly 

reflects the overall cost of living differences between 

farm and nonfarm families than the previously used 

differential. 

Alternate level. Because the poverty definition currently in use by the Federal Government does not meet 

all the needs of the analysts of the data, a variation was· 

introduced at the same time that modifications were 

made to the SSA poverty index and set at 125 percent 

of the official government standard. This alternate 

cutoff is obtained by multiplying the income cutoffs at 

the low-income level by ·1.25. Thus, the income cutoff 

for a nonfarm family of four at 125 percent of the 

low-income level is $6,298. Tables 2, and 46-48 present 

selected data for persons, families, and unrelated individuals below 125 percent of the low-income level.· Also, 

all the data presented in detailed tables 7, 20, 21, 23, 

25-29, 40, 41 and 44 of this report have been tabulated 

for this additional level and are available upon request 

for the years 1959 through 1974. Requests for these 

unpublished data, giving a specific. description of the 

figures desired, may be made in writing to the Chief, 

Population Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, 

D.C. 20233. 

Weighted average thresholds at the low-income level. 

The low-income cutoffs used by the Bureau of the 

Census to determine the low-iilcome status of families 

and unrelated individuals consist of a set of 124 

thresholds arranged in a four-dimensional matrix con-

#sisting of family size (from one person, i.e., unrelated 

individuals, to seven or more person families) crossclassified by presence and number of family members 

under 18 years old (from no children present to six or 

more children present); sex of head, and farm-nonfarm 

residence (Table A-2). Unrelated individuals and twoperson families are further differentiated by age of head 

(under 65 years and 65 years and over). The total family 

income of each family in the sample is tested against the 

. appropriate dollar threshold to determine the lowincome status of that family. If the family's total 

income is less than its corresponding cutoff, the family 

is classified as below the low-income level. The average 

thresholds shown· in table A·3 were weighted by the 

presence and nUmber of children. For example, for a 

given size of family, sex of head, and residence category, 

the weighted average threshold for that group. is 

obtained by multiplying the threshold for each presence 

and number·of children category _within the given family 

size by the number of families in that category. These 

products are then aggregated across the entire range of 

presence and number of children categories, and the 

total aggregate is divided by the total number of families 

in the group to yield the weighted average threshold at 

the tow-income level for that size family. 

Because family composition varies by farm-nonfarm 

residence, the weighted average thresholds at the low· 

income level for farm families, as shown in table A-3, 

will not be exactly 85 percent of the nonfarm levels. 

Moreover, since family composition does not remain 

constant from· year to year, the Vll'eighted average 

thresholds for 1974 will not reflect, identically, the 

change in the CPI between 1974 and earlier years. 

Since the basic thresholds used to determine the 

low-income status of families and unrelated individuals 

are applied to all families and unrelated individuals, the 

weighted low-income thresholds are derived using all 

families and unrelated individuals rather than just those 

families and unrelated individuals classified as below the 

low-income level. To obtain the weighted low-income 

thresholds for families and unrelated individuals below 

125 percent of the low-income level, the weighted 

thresholds shown in table A-3 may be multiplied 

directly by 1.25. 

Income deficit. Income deficit is the difference 

between the total income of families and unrelated 

individuals below the low-income level, and their respective income thresholds. In computing the income 

deficit, families reporting a net income loss are assigned 

zero dollars and for such cases the deficit is equal to the 

low-income threshold. This measure provides an estimate of the amount which would be required to raise 

the incomes of all low-income families and unrelated 

individuals to their respective low-income thresholds. 

The income deficit is thus a measure of the degree of 

impoverishment of a family or unrelated individual. 

However, caution must be exercised in comparing the 

average deficit of families of different racial groups. 

Since the low-income thresholds used in this report are 

based on family size and composition, apparent differences in the average income deficits of racial groups 

may, to some extent, be a function of the differences in 

these characteristics. It must also be remembered that 

the thresholds in this report vary according to the sex of 

the family head. Thus, differences in the average deficit 

between families with a male or female head may be in 

part attributable to both differences in thresholds and 

to differences in family size and composition . 
1 

2 

3 

4 

Table A-2. Income Thresholds at the Poverty Level in 1974 by Sex of Head, Size of Family, 

and Number of Related Children Under 18 Years Old, by Farm-Nonfarm Residence 

Number of related children under 18 years 

Size of family unit 

None 1 2 3 4 

NONFARM 

Male Head 

person (unrelated indiv,): 

Under 65 years •. ,.,, .•. , ..••. ~2,658 

65 years and over •••...••. , .. 2,387 

persons: 

Head under 65 years .•..•••..• 3,324 .'fl3' 724 

Head 65 years and over ....••. 2,985 3,724 

persons •..••.•••...••..•••.•. 3,870 3,996 $4,223 

persons, •..••• , .••...•.. , ..•. 5,103 5,178 5,000 $5,252 

$6,006 

old 

5 6 

I 

I 

I 

5 persons .•••. ~ ••• , ..•••..•• , .. 6,158 6,232 6,032 5,881 

7,063 7,087 6,937 6,786 6,585 I $6,686 

I 6 persons .•.••...•..•••.••.•••• 

7 or more persons, ...•.. , •.•... 8,896 8,972 8,796 8,645 81445 8,142 

I 

Female Head 

I 

1 person (unrelated indiv.): 

Under 65 years ••.••....•...•. $2,458 

65 years and over .••••. , .•••. 2,357 

2 persons: 

Head under 65 years •••. , .•••. 3,072 $3,353 

Head 65 years and over ••• ,, •• 2,948 3,353 

3 persons •••... , .••..•••.•••••. 3,745 3,568 $31946 

4 persons.,, •• , •..•••....•.• , .• 4,900 5,075 5,053 $5,000 ' 

5 persons ••. , ..••....•• , .•••••. 5,881 6,058 6,032 5,982 $5,781 I 

6 persons .•. , •• , ••••.. ,, .• , .. ,. 6,862 6,987 6,937 6,886 6,660 $6,457 

7 or more persons ...• ,.,.,.; ••. 8,619 8,746 8,720 8,645 8,419 8,244 

t· 

FARM ! 

Male Head 

1 person (unrelated indiv,): 

Under 65 years ... , ..••..•.... $2,258 

65 years and over .•..••....•• 2,030 

2 persons: 

Head under 65 years .........• 

I 

2,825 $3,165 

Head 65 years and over ..••••• 2,537 3,165 

3 persons .•. , ••..•••.. , ••• ,., •. 3,291 3,397 $31590 

4 persons •••.. , •••...••• , •••••. 4,338 4,402 4,249 I $4,465 

5 persons,,, ••••.•••• ,., ••. , .•• 5,235 5,298 5,127 4,998 $5,106 

6 persons ••••..•••.•.••...••••. 6,003 6,024 5,897 5,768 5,597 $5,683. 

7 or more persons ••••. , .••••... 7,562 7,627 7,477 7,348 7,179 6,921 

Female Head 

1 person (unrelated indiv.): 

Under 65 years •.••••.•...•••. $2,089 

65 years and over •••..••• , •• , 2,002 

2 persons: 

Head under 65 years ••.. , •••.• 2,611 $2,851 

Head 65 years and over., ..••• 2,506 2,851 

3 persons •..•..•.•...•• ,., •••.. 3,183 3,033 $3,355 

4 persons ••.. , ••• , •••.•.....•.• 4,165 4,313 4,294 $4 '249 

5 persons ••••. , .••.. , ••.••••••. 4,998 5,149 5,127 5,085 $4,914 

6 persons .••••..•.••••.• ,, •..•• 5,832 5,939 5,897 5,853 5,662 $5,489 

7 or more persons .. , ..••... , •• , 7,325 7,435 7,412 7,348 7,156 7,007 

145 

or more 

.$8,068 

$7,841 

.$6,858 

$6,665 
146 

Table A-3. Weighted Average Thresholds at the low·l nco me level in 1974 by Size of 

Family and Sex of Head, by Farm-Nonfarm Residence 

Nonfarm Farm 

Size of family unit Total 

Total Male Female Total Male Female 

head 1 head 1 head 1 head 1 

1 person (unrelated individual) .••.• $2,487 $2,495 $2,610 $2 '413 $2,092 1;2' 158 $2,029 

14 to 64 years .••..••••••••.••••• 2,557 2,562 2,658 2,458 2,197 2,258 2,089 

65 years and over .•..•....• ~ ••.•. 2,352 2,364 2,387 2,357 2,013 2,030 2,002 

2 persons .•••.•••••••.••••••••••••• 3,191 3,211 3,220 3,167 2,707 2,711 2,632 

Head 14 to 64 years •••••••••••••• 3,294 3,312 3,329 3,230 2,819 2,824 2,706 

Head 65 years and over, ..•••.••.. 2,958 2,982 2,984 2,966 2, 535 2, 535 2,533 

3 persons ••....•.•... •.• .•.•.•.•.••. 3,910 3,936 3,957 3,822 3,331 3,345 3,133 

4 persons .••.••••..•••••••••••••••• 5,008 5,038 5,040 5,014 4,302 4,303 4,26~ 

5 persons •••••....•.••••.•••••••• , . 5,912 5,950 5,957 5,882 5,057 5,057 5,072 

6 persons .•.....•..•..•.•.••.•.•... 6,651 6,699 6,706 6,642 5,700 5,700 5,702 

7 persons or more ••• , •••••••••..••• 8,165 8,253 8,278 ·8,079 7,018 7,017 7,066 

1For one person (i.e. unrelated individual), sex of the individual. 

Median income deficit. The median income deficit 

is the amount which divides the distribution into two 

equal groups, one having an income deficit above the 

median and the other having an income deficit below 

the median. 

Mean income deficit. The mean income deficit is 

the amount obtained by dividing the total income 

deficit of a group below the low-income level by the 

number of families or unrelated individuals (as appropriate) in that group. 

Deficit per family member. The deficit per family 

member is the average amount of money necessary to 

raise every man, woman, and child in a family out of 

poverty. The deficit per family member is derived by 

dividing the total family income deficit of a group by 

the number of family members in the same group. 

Family. The term "family," as used in this report, 

refers to a group of tvvo or more persons related by 

blood, marriage, or adoption and residing together; all 

such persons are considered as members of the same 

family. Thus, if the son of the head of the household 

and the son's wife are in the household, they are treated 

as part of the head's family. On the other hand, a lodger 

and his wife not related to the head of the household or 

an unrelated servant and his wife are considered as 

additional families, and not a part of the household 

head:s family. 

Head of family. One person in each family was 

designated as the head. Women are. not classified as 

heads if their husbands are resident members of the 

family at the time of the survey. In other cases, the head 

is usually the person regarded as the head by members 

of the family. Married couples related to the head of a 

family are included in the head's family and are not 

classified as separate families. 

Subfamily. A subfamily is a married couple with or 

without children, or one parent with one or more own 

single children under 18 years old, living in a household 

anp related to, but not including, the head of the 

household or his wife. The most common example of a 

subfamily is a young married couple sharing the home 

of the husband's or wife's parents. Members of a 

subfamily are also members of a primary family. The 

number of subfamilies, therefore, is not included in the 

number of fa mi I ies. 

Marital status. The marital status classification refers 

to the· status at the time of enumeration. "Separated" is 

regarded as a subdivision of the category "married" and 

. includes persons with legal separations. those living 

apart with intentions of obtaining a divorce, and other 

persons permanently or temporarily separated because 

of marital discord. 

Size of family. The term "size of family" refers to the 

number of persons who are living together and are 

related to each other by blood, marriage, or adoption. 

Unrelated individual. The term "unrelated indivi· 

duals," as used in this report, refers to persons 14 years 

old and over (other than inmates of institutions) who 

are not living with any relatives. An unrelated individual 

may constitute a one-person household by himself, or 

he may be part of a household including one or more 

other families or unrelated individuals, or he may reside 

in group quarters such as a rooming house. Thus, a 

widow living by herself or with one or more other 

persons not related to her and a lodger not related to 

the head of the household or to anyone. else .in the 

household are examples of unrelated individuals. 

Own children and related children. "Own" children in 

a family are sons and daughters, including stepchildren 

and adopted children, of the family head. "Related" 
,· 

children in a family include own children and all other 

children in the household who are related to the family 

head by blood marriage, or adoption. 

Number of earners. This number includes all persons 

in the family with $1 or more in wa~s and salaries, or 

$1 or more or a loss in net income from farm or 

nonfarm self-employment. 

Age. The age classification is based an· the age of the 

person at his last birthday. 

Race. The population is divided into three groups on 

the basis of race: white, Negro, and "other races." The 

last category includes Indians, Japanese, Chinese, and 

any other race except Wlite and Negro. 

Spanish origin. To reduce the sampling variability and 

thereby increase the reliability of the data for persons of 

Spanish origin, the number of "Spanish households" in 

the March 1975 CPS was doubled compared to earlier 

years. This was accomplished by interviewing in March 

1975, in addition to the "regular" sample, the house· 

holds from the November 1974 sample containing at 

least one person of Spanish origin. Because of changes in 

sample design, question wording, and allocation procedures to assign origin to persons under 14 years of 

a~. the overall count of persons of Spanish origin in the 

March 1973 to 1975 CPS is not strictly comparable with 

data for earlier years. Comparability of Spanish origin 

data from the March 1973 CPS with those for earlier 

years is discussed in Current Population Reports, Series 

P-20, No. 264, "Persons of Spanish Origin in the United 

States: March 1973." 

Years of school completed. Data on years of school 

completed in this report vvere derived from the combination of answers to queStions concerning the highest 

grade of school attended by the person and whether or 

not that grade was finished. The questions on educational attainrrent apply only to progress in "regular" 

schools. Such schools include graded public, private, and 

parochial elementary and hidl schools (both junior and 1senior high), colleges, universities, and professional 

schools, whether day schools or night scho~ls. Thus, 

regular schooling is that which may advance a person 

toward an elementary school Certificate or a high school 

diploma, or a college, university, or professional school 

degree. Schooling in other than regular schools was 

counted only if the credits obtained vvere regarded as 

transfer·able to a school in the regular school system. 

The median years of school completed is defined as 

the value which divides the distribution into two equal 

groups, one having completed more schooling and one 

having completed less schooling than the median. These 

medians are expressed in terms of a continuous series of 

numbers representing years of school completed. For 

... ~· ., - ~ 

' ' 

147 

example, a median of 9.0 represents the completion of 

the first year of high school and a median of 13.0 means 

completion of th~ first year of college. 

Labor force and employment status. The definitions 

of labor force and employment status in this rePort 

relate to family heads and unrelated individuals 14 years 

old and over. 

Employed. Employed persons comprise (1) all 

civilians who, during the specified week, did any work 

at all as paid employees or in their own business or 

profession, or on their own farm, or who worked 15 

hours or more as unpaid workers on a farm or in a 

business operated by a member of the family, and (2) all 

those who were· not working but who had jobs or 

businesses from which they vvere temporarily absent 

because of illness, bad vveather, vacation, or labormanagement dispute, or because they v.Jere taking time 

off for personal reasons, whether or not they were paid 

by their employers for time off, and whether or not 

they were seeking other jobs. Excluded from the 

employed group are persons whose only activity consisted of work around the house (such as own home 

housework, painting or repairing own home, etc.) or 

volunteer work for religious, charitable, and similar 

organizations. 

Unemptoyed. Unemployed persons are those civilians who, during the survey ~ek, had no emploYment but were available for work and (1) had engaged in 

any specific jobseeki ng activity with in the past 4 v.Jeeks, 

such as registering at a public or private employment 

office, meeting with prospective employers, checking 

with friends o~ relatives, placing or ansv.Jering advertisements, writing letters of application, or being on a union 

or professional register; (2) were waiting to be called 

back to a job from which they had been laid off; or (3) 

were waiting to report to a new wage or salary job 

within 30 days. 

Labor force. Persons are classified as in the labor 

force if they were employed as civilians, unemployed, or 

in the Armed Forces during the survey vveek. The 

"civilian labor force" is comprised of all civilians 

· clasSified as employed or unemployed. 

Not in the labor force. All civilians 14 years old 

and over who are not classified as employed or 

unemployed are defined as "not in the labor force." 

This group who are neither employed nor seeking work 

includes persons engaged only in own home housework, 

attending school, or unable to work because of long· 

term physical or mental illness; persons who are retired 

or too old to work; seasonal workers for whom the 

survey week fell in an off season; and the voluntarily 

idle. Persons doing only unpaid family work (less than 

15 hours) are also classified as not in the labor force. 
148 

Occupation, industry, and class of worker. Persons 

are classified according to the civilian job held lon~st 

during the year. Persons who held two jobs or more 

were reported in the job at which they worked the 

greatest number of weeks. 

The occupation and industry groupings included in 

this report were based on the classification system used 

in the 1970 census, as were the data included in Current 

Population Reports, Series P-60, Nos_ 81, 86, 91 and 98_ 

A detailed comparison of the 1970 classification systems to those used during the 1960's may be found in 

the Bureau of the Census Technical Paper 26, 1970 

Occupation and Industry Classification SystemSi'n 

Terms of Their 1960 Occupation and Industry Ele-

~-

In addition to the chang;! in occupational titles 

between the March 1972 and the March 1971 surveys 

which did not affect the comparability of the data, a 

supplemental question, "What were your most important activities or duties?" was added which provided 

additional information for classifying persons by occupation. In general, the major impact of this supplemental question was to reclassify some persons from the 

"mana~rs" classification into other types of occupations (primarily into the major occupation group of 

"craft and kindred workers"). 

Class of worker refers to the subdivision of workers 

into three groups: Wage and salary workers, selfemployed workers, and unpaid family workers. The first 

group refers to persons working for wages, salaries, 

commissions, tips, pay "in kind", or at piece rate for 

private employer or for any government unit. The 

second group refers to persons working in their own 

business, profession, or trade, for profit or fees. The 

third group refers to persons working without pay in a 

business operated by a member of the household to 

whom they are related by blood or marriage_ 

Work experience. A person with work experience is 

one who, during the preceding calendar year, did any 

civilian INOrk for pay or profit or worked without pay 

on a family-operated farm or business at any time 

during the year, on a part-time or full-time basis. 

Weeks worked in the income year. Persons are 

classified according to the number of different \NE!eks 

during the preceding calendar year in which they did 

any civilian IIVOrk for pay or profit (including paid 

vacations and sick leave) or worked without P!IY on a 

family-operated farm or business. 

Part-time or full-time jobs. A person- is classified as 

having worked at part-time jobs during the preceding 

calendar year if he worked at civilian jobs wh~ch 

provided less than 35 hours of work per week in a 

majority Of the weeks in which he worked during the 

year. He is classified as having worked at full-time jobs if 

he worked 35 hours or more 'per week during a majority 

of the \NE!eks in which he worked. 

Year-round full-time worker. A year-round full-time 

worker is one who worked primarily at full-time civilian 

jobs (35 hours or more per week) for 50 vveeks or more . 

during the preceding calendar year. 

Nonworker. A nonworker is one who did not do any 

civilian work in the calendar year preceding the survey. 

Main re3son for working part year. For persons who 

worked 1 to 49 weeks during the year, the main reason 

for working part year is based on the response to the 

question "What were you doing ~of the remaining 

weeks?'' 

Main reason for not working. For persons who 

reported that they did not work at a civilian job for pay 

or profit Or on a family-operated farm or business 

during the year, the main reason for not working is 

derived from the response to the question "What were 

you doing most of last year?" 

Rounding. Percentages are rounded to the nearest 

tenth of a percent; therefore, the percentages in a 

distribution do not always add to exactly 100.0 percent. 

The totals, however, are alwaYs shown as 100.0. 

Moreover, individual figures are rounded to the nearest 

thousand without being adjusted to group totals, which 

are independently rounded; percentages are based on 

the unrounded numbers. 

Base figures. An estimate of the size of the base 

(number of persons and families, etc.) of each percent is_ 

shown in most of the tables of this report. The 1971 to 

1974, and revised 1970 and 1969 base figures shown in 

this report were prepared by. inflating weighted sample 

results to agree with independent estimates of the 

population based on statistics updated from the 1970 

census_ The base figures for the years 1961 to 1969 

were inflated to estimates derived from the 1960 Census. 

The data for the years prior to 1961 were based on the 

1950 census. 

The major effects resulting from the introduction of 

population controls and estimation procedures based on 

the 1970 census were to raise the number of families 

from 5L2 million to 5L6 million in the March 1970 

CPS and to lower the number of related children under 

18 from 69-8 to 68.7 million. However, the number of 

poor families and the number of related children below 

the low-income level· remained about the same-5 

million and about 9.5 million, respectively. 
.

- ;•r•~>' '--~'··- ·~~;- ' .. •'. I 

LIMITATIONS OF THE POVERTY 

CONCEPT 

In analyzing data on the low-income population, the 

following 'limitations should be noted. The low-income 

concept has been developed in order to identify, in 

dollar terms, a minimum level of income adequacy for 

families of different types in keeping with American 

Consumption patterns. Based on an analysis of the 

percent of income devoted to food expenditures,. an 

estimate was developed of the minimum cost at which 

an· American family, making average choices, can be 

provided with a diet meeting recommended nutritional 

goals. Consequently, it is an overall statistical yardstick 

which reflects the different consumption requirements 

of families of different size, taking into account family 

composition and farm-nonfarm residence. Insofar as 

individual circumstances or consumption patterns differ, 

the dollar value of the low-income threshold for a given 

family size may not represent the money income 

required by an individual family to maintain a level of 

economic Vlfell being equivalent to other families with 

similar incomes. For a discussion of the limitations of 

money income as a measure of economic status, see 

"Trends and Composition of the Low-Income Population," by Rene'e Miller and Arno Winard, Proceedings 

of the Social Statistics Section, American Statistical 

Association, 1974 .. 

The original intent of the poverty definition was not 

for administrative use in any specific program; it was to 

be a statistical yardstick. The problem arises when this 

cOncept, in the absence of any other measure, is used to 

determine eligibility in programs to aid the poor. In 

April 1973, the Interagency Committee on Income 

Distribution and Poverty was requested by the Statistical Policy Division of the Office of Management and 

Budget to conduct a thorough review of the statistics on 

income and poverty. Three subcommittees, one focusing 

on updating the poverty threshold, another on meas. 

uring cash income, and the third on measuring noncash 

income, met throughout the summer of 1973 and came 

up with a number of recommendations. One of the 

. conclusions reached by the Subcommittee on Updating 

the Poverty Threshold was that the development of 

separate measures for eligibility in programs should 

receive high priority. For a summary of the research 

recommendations of the Interagency Committee see 

"Review of Poverty and Income Distribution Statistics" 

by Bette S. Mahoney, Statistical Reporter, Statistical 

Policy Division, Office of Management and Budget, 

January 1974. 

A further review of the poverty definition is now 

underway. The Education Amendments of 1974 require 

the Assistant Secretary of Education, Department of 

Health, Education and Welfare, to supervise a "thorough 

study of the manner in which ·the relative measure of 

149 

poverty for use in the financial assistance program auth~ 

orized by Title I of the Elementary and Secondary 

Education Act of 1965 may be more accurately and 

currently developed." At the end of 1974 an interagency Poverty Study Task Force was established under 

the leadership of HEW which has undertaken an intensive review of the present definition of poverty .and 

of the implications of various alternatives. A final report 

is to be submitted to the Congress by the end of calendar year 1975. Inquiries concerning the work of the 

Poverty Study Task Force should be addressed to Ms. 

Bette Mahoney, Office of the Assistant Secretary for 

Planning and Evaluation, HEW. 

COMPARABILITY OF ESTIMATES FROM 

MARCH 1975 CPS WITH ESTIMATES FOR 

PREVIOUS YEARS 

The data for 1971 to 1974 are in some instances not 

entirely comparable to figures for earlier years because 

of revisions in the Current Population Survey. Starting 

in January 1972, 1970 census-based population controls, metropolitan residence definitions, and other 

materials were introduced into the sample and esti~ 

mation procedures. The major item affecting compara~ 

bility at the overall national level is the introduction of 

population controls based on the 1970 census. Figures 

for previous years are tied in with 1960 census-based 

population controls. In a number of instances, data 

from the March 1970 arid 1971 CPS's were revised to 

take account of 1970 census-based population controls, 

thus providing some measure of the impact of the 

changes (see Table 3, Current Population Reports, Series 

P-60, No. 91). Basically, these changes should have no 

substantial impact on summary ·measures, such as 

medians and means, and on proportional measures, 

such as percent distributions and low-income or poverty 

rates. However, the changes may have more impact on 

the population levels in different subgroupings such as 

the total number of persons or families either overall, 

within some particular income interval, or below the 

low-income level. A detailed description of these 

changes appears in the Bureau of Labor Statistics report, 

"Employment and Earnings," Vol. 18, No. 8, February 

1972. 

The figures shown in this report for metropolitan 

areas (SMSA's) are based on the SMSA's as defined on 

the basis of the 1970 census; those published in earlier 

years referred to SMSA's as defined on the basis of the 

1960 census. There are significant differences in the 

population classified as metropolitan from each of these 

definitions. For the 1970 definition of SMSA's, see 

1970 Census of Population, United States Summary, 

PC(1)-A1, "Number of Inhabitants." 
150 

Another change in the Current Population Survey, 

which affects occupational data only is the inclusion of 

a supplemental question, "What were your most important activities or duties?" INhich provided additional 

information for classifying persons by occupation. In 

general, the impact of this supplemental question was to 

reclassify some persons from the "managers" classification into other types of occupations {primarily into 

the major occupation group of "craft and kindred 

workers"). 

NON RESPONSES AND ALLOCATIONS 

In the March 1975 CPS, no information was recorded 

for approximately 5 percent of the 47,000 households 

because no interview could be obtained during the week 

in which the enumeration was conducted. In order to 

account for these households, the weights assigned to 

other sample households of similar characteristics residing in the same sample areas were increased accordingly. In addition, complete income information was 

not reported for about 22 percent of all families and 16 

percent of all unrelated individuals. Overall, about 16 

percent of all persons· 14 years old and over in 

households that were intervievved did not report complete income information. 

Although nonresponse rates for families by lowincome status are not available, it is known that families 

in the lower income intervals tend to have lo\t\ler 

nonresponse rates than those in the middle and upper 

income intervals. This is due in part to the fact that 

lower income families have less complicated financial 

arrangements than those in other income groups. For a 

more detailed discussion of this topic see paper by 

Mitsuo Ono and Herman P. Miller, "Income Nonresponses in the Current Population Survey" published 

in Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, American 

Statistical Association, 1969. 

For more detailed information on the characteristics 

of nonrespondents, see "Characteristics of Income 

Nonrespondents in the Current Population Survey," by 

Emmett Spiers, John Coder, and Mitsuo Ono, American 

Statistical Association Proceedings of the Social Statistics Section, 1971. 

In order that ·the maximum amount of information 

can be utilized, missing income items are imputed or 

allocated by values which are obtained from active 

respondents with similar economic and demog-aphic 

characteristics. Beginning with the March 1962 survey, 

when a respondCnt did not ansvver one or more of the 

income items, all of-his income data were imputed. 

Beginning with the March 1966 survey, however, in 

the event a respondent did not ansv.Jer one or more of 

the income questions, the missing income data for this 

person were imputed for only those income items which 

were not answered. Each of the earnings items was 

handled individually, whereas income items other than 

earnings were handled as a group. Characteristics used in 

this imputation are age, family status, race, residence, 

weeks worked, and major occupation gro'u-p. The income amount assigned to a nonrespondent is that 

observed for another person with similar demographic 

and economic characteristics who did respond and who 

has been selected systematically in the order in which 

individual records are processed. 

In the tab_ulation of income from surveys prior to 

1962, the distributions by income levels had been based 

only on those, cases which reported complete income 

information. The assumption implicit in this method 

was that persons who do not provide income ·information have the same income ·distribution as those who 

do provide such information. Using income data for 

1958, a comparison was made of the income distributions obtained before and after the assignment of 

income to nonrespondents on the basis of known 

demographic and economic characteristics. This Comparison indicated that the procedure for making individual assignments of income· to nonrespondents resulted in slightly higher estimates of the proportion of 

families and individuals in the upper income classes than 

those obtained from the distributions based solely on 

those reporting on income. "(See Current Population 

Reports, Series P-60, No.33, tables F an·d G.) 

Beginning with the 1967 CPS, the Bureau of the 

Census introduced improved income edit and allocation 

procedures. The main feature of the new procedures is a 

more refined ~thod for imputing missing income data 

which expands the use of information already known 

about that person. Among the .major improvements 

made affecting the in~ me data are the following: ( 1) an 

expanded set. of social and economic characteristics 

within which the imputations are made; in addition to 

age, race, occupation, and weeks worked; the new 

procedures include sex and type of family member as 

major variables within which the missing income items 

are imputed; {2) the elimination of inconsiste-nt reporting which resulted in having workers with no 

earnings and earners with no weeks worked; and (3) the 

new imputation procedure assigns missing earnings 

entries first and then utilizes the earnings information tb 

assign missing sources Of income other than earnings. 
HOwever, because of coding errors in the processing 

of the 1968 CPS data, in that year alone it was not 

possible to apply all the aforementioned improvements 

to the editing and allocation procedures. Since these 

errors produced an under-estimate of income, they had 

the effect of over-stating the number of poor. 

In addition, it was discovered that the computer 

procedures for editing certain incorrect income codes 

caused an upward bias in the income data for some 

respondents and therefore would tend to produce an 

underestimate of the number. of poor. It is estimated 

that the net impact of these errors had the effect of 

overestimating the number of poor·fami\ies by about 

120 thousand. Due to these errors affecting the income 

data for 1967, data for that year are not strictly 

comparable with those shown for 1966, and 1968 to 

1974. 

Comparison of 1966 poverty data according to 

original and revised editing and allocation procedures. In 

order to evaluate the impact of the new procedures, the 

poverty data from the March 1967 CPS were rerun, thus 

providing a bridge for the 1966 income year showing 

the resUlts of both the earlier and the new procedures. 

Both series of data are shown in table 1 of Current 

Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 98. The general 

impact of the new allocation procedure was to shift the 

income distribution slightly upward, thus decreasing by 

416,000 the number of poor families. A more detailed 

desc~iption of the new -computer editing and allocation 

procedures may be found in Current Population Re-

·ports, Series P-60, No. 59, "Income in 1967 of Families 

in the United States," pages 17 to 19. 

QUESTIONNAIRE AND PROCEDURAL CHANGES 

Modificatio·ns in collecting income data in the MarchApril 1969 CPS. Several modifications vvere introduced 

in the collection of income data in the March and April 

CPS supplements. These include (1) extension of the 

interview period of the six rotation groups for which 

income questions were asked in March and the use of 

followup forms in these six groups to accommodate 

household respondents who needed,more time to obtain 

the required income information (it is- estimated that 

some members of approximately 4,4'JO households, or 

9 percent of the total relevant households, made use of 

these fol\owup forms); (2) modification of the design 

and content of the questionnaire to allow for more 

detailed questioning of certain income items; thus, 

boxes for gross receipts, business expenses, and net 

income have been added to the self-employment income 

questions to help the interviewer and respondent determine net income, and "yes-no" circles vvere added to 

the questions on income other than earnings in order to 

ascertain whether the respondent received or did not 

receive income; (3) field office editing procedures 1/v'ere 

extended to a 100 percent income edit of the CPS 

 : : :ri< 

151 

schedules; (4) training instructions were strengthened by 

including more detailed explanations and more examples; and (5) the interview group training session was 

shifted from February to March. 

Modifications in collecting income data in the March 

1970 Current Population Survey. The Bureau introduced modifications in·the collection of income data for 

the March 1970 CPS supplement. These were: ( 1) An 

advance letter informing households about the collection of income data was mailed to all households 

except those in the first and fifth months. The latter 

households received special letters which explained the 

need for collecting both CPS and census data; (2) 

information on work experience and income was collected simultaneously for the full sample (in previous 

years, work experience information was collected separately from income data); (3) the interview period was 

extended one week for three-fourths of the sample 

(using followup calls and separate questionnaires). In 

addition, modified procedures which were incorporated 

. in the March 1969 CPS supplement were also imple· 

mented in the March 1970 CPS. Overall, data indicate 

that the use of these procedures has resulted in some 

improvement in the collection of income data. The 

family income nonresp·onse rate has not only dropped 

by 5 percentage points (from 19 to 14 percent) but also 

it appears that the proportion of aggregate income 

amounts collected in the March 1970 CPS relative to 

benchmark totals has increased slightly in the March 

1970 CPS supplement as compared with the proportion 

collected in the March 1969 CPS supplement. · 

- Modification in collecting income data in the March 

1971 Current Population Survey. The Bureau continued 

to use the improved procedures which were incorporated in the March 1970 CPS. Procedural changes that 

were instituted in the March 1971 CPS, among others, 

were: 

1. The interview period was extended one week for 

all households in the sample (using follow-up calls and 

separate questionnaires). In the previous year's survey, 

the interview period was extended for only threefourths of the sample. 

2. Income from net royalties was included in the 

question covering estates, trusts, or dividends, interest 

on savings accounts or bonds, and net rental income. In 

previous surveys, income from net royalties was included in the question covering private pensions, annui1 ties, alimony, regular contributions from persons not 

living in this household, and anything else. 

3. An additional regional office follow-up was made 

by telephone to obtain income amounts for all followup cases containing one or more persons who were not 

interviewed during the original follow-up period, except 

for refusal. 
152 

Modifications in collecting income data in the March 

1975 Current Population Survey. Several modifications 

in the design and content of the questionnaire were 

introduced in the March 1975 CPS to allow for more 

detailed questioning of certain income items. These 

changes were: 

1. In the March 1974 CPS, incorre from aid to 

families with dependent children, old age assistance, and 

aid to the blind or totally disabled were asked in one 

combined question on vvelfare payments. Beginning in 

January 1974, the programs for old age assistance and 

aid to the blind or totally disabled were replaced by the 

Supplemental Security program. Therefore, in March 

1975 a separate question was asked for the receipt of 

supplemental security income. Income from aid to 

families with dependent children or any other assistance 

was asked under the general category of public assistance or welfare payments. 

2.· In the March 1974 CPS, income from interest, net 

rental income or income from estates, trusts, or dividends was asked in one question. In the 1975 CPS these 

income types were asked as two questions with income 

received from interest on savings accounts or bonds 

included in one question and income from estates, 

trusts, or dividends in the other. 

3. In the March 1974 CPS, income received from 

private pensions was asked along with alimony and 

certain other income items while income from government employee pensions was asked along with veterans' 

payments, unemployment compensation and workmen's 

compensation. In the March 1975 CPS, income received 

from both private and government employee pensions 

(including military retirement) vvere extracted from 

their previous categories and asked as one combined 

question. 

In order to expedite processing of the March 1975 

CPS data, it was decided to tabulate the income data 

according to the same income groupings used from the 

March 1974 CPS data. The new information on supplemental security income was tabulated along with public 

assistance since it replaced old age assistance and aid to 

the blind or totally disabled. It is planned to incorporate 

the detailed income categories into the published 

income tabulations for the March 1976 CPS. 

OTHER LIMITATIONS OF THE DAHl 

Although every effort is made to reduce the errors of 

underreporting, nonreporting or misreporting of income 

data in the Current Population Survey, they still occur 

because of various reasons. Some of these are ( 1) 

overlooking income received, especially small .amounts 

of income types not regularly received, e.g., contributions from non household members, (2) reluctance to 

reveal certain types of income, e.g., public assistance (3) 

rounding estimates, (4) misunderstanding the question, 

(5) lack of information, especially covering family 

members not present at the time of interview, (6) 

interviewers' errors, (7) processing errors, etc. For more 

details on this topic of income underreporting in 

censuses and surveys, see (1) Income Distribution in the 

United States (a 1960 Census Monograph),by Herman 1 

P. Miller, Bureau of the Census, 1966, (2) The Structure 

of Income, by Irving B. Kravis, University of Pennsylvania, 1962; and (3) "Size Distribution of Family 

Personal irlcome: Methodology and Estimates for 

1964," by Edward C. Budd, Daniel B. Radner, and John 

C. Hinrichs, Bureau of Economic Analysis, BEA-SP 

73-21, June 1973. 

SOURCE AND RELIABILITY OF THE ESTIMATES 

Source of data. The estimates of annual income for a 

particular year are based on data obtained in March of 

the following year in the Current Population Survey 

(CPS) of the Bureau of the Census. For example, 

income data for the year 1974 were obtained in the 

CPS in March 1975. 

The 1975 samp:e is spread over 461 areas comprising 

923 counties anq independent cities with coverage in 

each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia. As 

of July 1971, approximately 47,000 occupied house· 

holds are eligible for interview each month. Of this 

number, 2,000 occupied units, on the average, are visited 

but interviews are not obtained because the occupants 

are not found at home after repeated calls or are 

unavailable for some other reason. In addition to the 

47,000, there are also about 8,000sample units in an 

average month which are visited but are found to be 

vacant or otherwise not to be interviewed. 

From January 1967 through July 1972 the sample 

was spread ov'er 449 areas. From January 1967 through 

June 1971 approximately 50,000 occupied housing 

units were eligible for interview each month. 

For data collected in years prior to 1967, the sample 

was spread over fewer areas with fewer interviewed 

households. Prior to the March 1966 survey, income 

data were collected from only 75 percent of the 

households included in the CPS. See Current Population 

Reports, series P-23, No. 22, "Concepts and Methods 

Used in Manpower Statistics from the Current Population Survey", June 1967, pp. 7-10, for more information about the sample design. 

The estimating procedure used for the March 1970 

through March 1975 data involved the inflation of the 

weighted sample results to independent estimates of the 

civilian noninstitutional population of the United States 
by age, race, and sex. These independent estimates vvere 

based on statistics from the 1970 population; statistics 

of births, deaths, immigration and emigration; and 

statistics on the strength of the Armed Forces. To these 

totals were added the population in the Armed Forces 

living off post or with their families on post. A further 

adjustment was made so that the husband and wife of a 

household got the same vveight while at the same time 

leaving unchanged the estimates for certain basic labor 

force categories. 

Report No. 81 in this series showed somewhat 

different figures for 1970 since the data in th?t report 

were inflated to independent estimates of the population based on 1960 census data. For data collected in 

the Current Population Surveys in the years 1960 

through 1969, the independent estimates used were 

based on statistics from the 1960 Census of Population. 

To show comparable poverty data for 1969 and 1959 

by detailed type of residence, it was necessary to use 

data from the 1960 census for 1959 estimates rather 

than from the 1960 CPS. In table 3, 1959 data based on 

1960 census data are identified as such; other tables for 

1959 are based on 1960 CPS data. The type of residence 

classification used in the 1960 CPS was based on data 

from the 1950 census. Therefore, to achieve comparability with March 1970 CPS data, special tabulations of 

poverty data from the 53,000 households in the 

1-in-1,000 sample of 1960 census.data were prepared. 

The 1974, 1973, 1972, 1971, and revised 1969 data' by 

residence are based on the 1970 census residence 

definition; therefore, they are not strictly compara.ble to 

data for earlier years which are based on 1960 census 

metropolitan area definitions. 

Reliability of the estimates. Since the estimates in 

this report are based on a sample, they may differ 

somewhat from the figures that would have been 

obtained if a complete census had been taken using the 

same schedules, instructions and enumerators. As in any 

survey work, the results are subject to errors of response 

and of reporting, as Vllell as being subject to sampling 

variability. 

Errors in reporting. In most cases, the schedule 

entries for income are based on memory rather than on 

records, and, in the majority of cases, on the memory or 

knowledge of one person, usually the wife of the family 

head. The memory factor in data derived· from field 

surveys of income produces underestimates because the 

tendency is to forget minor or irregular sources of 

income. These errors of reporting are due to misrepre· 

2 For more details, see the section on "Comparability of Estimates from March 1975 CPS With Estimates for Previous Years." 

. ' 

153 

sentation or to misunderstanding of the scope of the 

income concept. see the section on "Other Limitations 

of the Data" for further details. 

Standard errors. The reliability of an estimate is 

described in terms of standard errors which are primarily measures of sampling variability, that is, of the 

variations that occur by chance because a sample rather 

than the whole of the population is surveyed. As 

calculated for this report, the standard error also 

partially measures the effect of certain response and 

enumeration errors but does not measure, as such, any 

systematic biases in the data. The chances are about 68 

out of 100 that an estimate from the sample would 

differ from a complete census figure by less than the 

standard error. The chances are about 90 out of 100 

that the difference would be less than 1.6 times the 

standard error, and the chances are about 95 out of 100 

that the difference would be less than twice the 

standard error. 

All statements of comparison appearing in the text 

are significant at a 1.6 standard error level or better. 

Most are significant at a level of more th8n 2.0 standard 

errors. Thus, for most differences cited in the text, the 

estimated difference is greater than twice the standard 

error of the difference. Statements of comparison 

qualified in some way (e.g., by use of the phrase "some 

evidence") have a level of significance between 1.6 and 

2.0 standard errors. 

The figures presented in tables A-4 through A-11 

are approximations to the standard errors of various 

estimates shown in this report. In order to derive 

standard errors that would be applicable to a wide 

variety of items and could be prepared at a moderate_ 

cost, a number of approximations were required. In 

addition where two or more items have nearly the same 

standard errors, one table is used to represent them. As 

a result, the tables of standard errors provide an 

indication of the order of magnitude of the standard 

errors rather than the prec-ise standard error for any 

specific item. Standard errors for values within the 

ranges of the tables may be approximated by interpolation. 

Description of which standard error table to use. 

Tables A-4 and A-5 contain the standard errors of 

estimates of the number of total persons and persons 

below the poverty level, the number of total persons 

and persons below the poverty level who are 65 years 

and over, and the number of families and unrelated 

individuals regardless of poverty status for the years 

1966 through 1974. The last column of tables A-4 and 

A-5 pertaining to families should also be used for items 

which can typically appear only once in a given family, 

e.g., "number of male heads of families." 
154 

Table A-4. Standard Errors of Estimated Numbers lor 1966-1974 

Size of estimate 

100 •••• ; ••••••••••••••••• 

250, •••.••••• 0 0 ••••••••• 0 

500 .••••• 0 ••••••••••• 0 ••• 

1,000 ••.•••.•.••..••••.•. 

2,500 •.•..•• 0 0 ••••••••••• 

5,000 •....•••••.••..••.•. 

10,000 •••••.•..•..•.•.•.. 

25 ,ooo .............. 0 •••• 

50,000 .••.•.••••••.••.... 

100,000 •..•.••••••..•.••• 

Total or White 

(68 chances out of 100. In thousands) 

Standard error for persons 1 

All income levels Below poverty level 

Total 65 years 

and over Total 65 years 

and over 

12 12 25 

20 19 39 

28 27 55 

39 ,38 78 

62 58 123 

87 76 173 

121 89 242 

184 (X) 367 

241 (X) 481 

282 (X) 560 

25 

39 

55 

76 

116 

152 

178 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

Standard error 

for families 

and unrelated 

individuals2 

10 

16 

23 

32 

51 

72 

99 

147 

182 

162 

Note: To estimate standard errors for CPS data for 1959-1964 multiply these standard errors by 1.4 

and for 1965 data multiply by 1.2; for the 1960 l-in-1,000 sample data multiply by 0.6. 

X Not applicable. 1To estimate standard errors_ for CPS Spanish origin persons multiply these standard errors by 1.70. 2To estimate standard errors for CPS Spanish origin families and unrelated individuals multiply these 

standard errors by 1,16. 

Table A-5. Standard Errors of Estimated Numbers lor 1966-1974 

Size of estimate 

100 •.••••••••••••••...••• 

250 ..•••••.•••••••••...•. 

500, ••••••..•.•••••••.••. 

1 ,ooo ................... . 2 ,sao ................... . 5 ,000 •••••••••••.••••.••. 

10,000 ••••..•..••.••••.•. 

Negro and Other Races 

(68 chances out of 100. In thousands) 

Standard error for persons 

All income levels Below poverty 

65 years ,Total and over Total 

12 11 23 

19 17 37 

26 22 52 

37 25 73 

56 (X) 112 

75 (X) 150 

93 (X) 186 

level 

65 years 

and over 

23 

35 

45 

50 

(X) 

(X) 

(X) 

Stand ard error 

for families 

and u nrelated 

indi victuals 

10 

15 

21 

29 

44 

55 

(X) 

Note: To estimate standard errors for CPS data for 1959-1964 multiply these standard errors by 1.4 

and for 1965 data multiply by 1,2; for the 1960 1-in-1,000 sample data multiply by 0.6. 

X Not applicable. 
155 

Table A-6. Standard Errors of Estimated Number of Persons Below the Poverty Level 

in the 10 Federal Regions 

(68 chances out of 100, Numbers in thousands) 

····---

Size of Standard errors by Federal Region number 

estimate I II III IV v VI VII VI I-I IX X 

5 •••••••••••• 8.5 8.9 11.0 10.3 9.5 12,0 12.0 18.0 10.4 15.0 

10 •.•••••.••. 12,0 13.0 15.0 15,0 13,0 17.0 17.0 26.0 15.0 21,0 

20 •••.••••••• 17,0 18.0 21.0 21,0 19,0 24,0 25,0 37.0 21,0 30,0 

30 ••••....••• 21.0 22.0 26.0 25,0 23,0 29.0 30.0 46.0 26,0 37,0 

40, •••••• 0 ••• 25.0 25.0 30.0 29,0 27 .a. 34.0 35.0 54.0 30.0 43.0 

50 ••••••••••• 28,0 29.0 34,0 33.0 30.0 3~.0 40,0 61.0 33,0 49.0 

75 ••••••••••• 35,0 35.0 42.0 40.0 38.0 46.0 50,0 77,0 41.0 62.0 

100 .••••• 0 ••• 42,0 41.0 49.0 47,0 44.0 54.0 58.0 92.0 48,0 74.0 

250 •.••.••••• 76,0 69,0 82,0 76.0 72.0 88.0 100.0 170.0 81,0 140,0 

500 .•..•.•.•. 130,0 110.0 120.0 110.0 110.0 130.0 160o0 280.0 120,0 230.0 

1,000. 0 0 .• 0 •. 220.0 170.0 200,0 170.0 170o0 200,0 270.0 510.0 200.0 420.0 

2, 500 •...•••. 500.0 360o0 410,0 310.0 320.0 400,0 590.0 1,200.0 420.0 960,0 

5,000 •..••••. 970.0 670.0 740.0 520.0 570.0 700.0 1,100o0 2,30000 770.0 1,900,0 

10,000 ..•.•.. 1,900,0 1,30000 1,400.0 940.0 1,100.0 1,30000 2,200.0 4,500.0 1,500.0 3,700,0 

25,000.0. 0 •.• 4,700.0 3,100.0 3,400.0 2,200,0 2,500.0 3,100.0 5,300.0 (X) 3,600o0' (X) 

50,000 ....... (X) (X) (X) 4,200.0 5,000.0 (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) 

Note: To estimate standard errors for persons in the 10 Federal Regions at all income levels divide 

these standard errors by 2,0, 

X Not applicable. 

Table A-6 contains the standard errors of the 

estimated number of persons below the poverty level in 

the 10 Federal Regions in the United States. 

Tables A-7 through A-11 contain standard errors of 

estimated percentages of persons below the poverty 

level and total persons for the United States and the 10 

Federal Regions and of families and unrelated individuals regardless of poverty ·status for the United 

States. 

The reliability of an estimated percentage, computed 

by using sample data for both numerator and denominator, depends on both the size of the percentage and 

the size of the total upon which this percentage is based. 

Estimated percentages are relatively more reliable than 

the corresponding estimates of the numerators of the 

percentages, particularly if the percentages are 50 

percent or more. When the numerator and denominator 

of the percentage are in different categories, use the 

table indicated by the numerator. The guidelines used to 

decide whether tables A-4, A-5 or A-6 are appropriate 

for a particular item should also be used for deciding 

which of tables A· 7 through A·11 is correct. 

Methods for finding standard errors of estimated 

numbers and.percentages. Tables A-4, A-5, and A-6 

show standard errors for estimated numbers. Linear 

interpolation in these tables may be used to obtain 

standard errors for intermediate values not shown, or the 

following formula, (F.1), from which the standard 

errors were derived, may be used directly to compute 

.the standard error; direct computation will give more 

accurate results than linear interpolation: 

ax= Jax2 + bx (F.11 

In this formula, x is the size of the estimate and a and b 

are parameters used to calculate standard errors for the 

particular type of characteristic that x represents. The 

parameters for persons, families, and unrelated individuals in the United States can be obtained from table 

A-12 and the parameters for persons below the poverty 

level in the 10 Federal Regions are in table A·13. The 

standard errors displayed in selected tables of the 

estimates were calculated using formula (F .1 ). 

Tables A-.7 through A-11 contain standard errors of 

estimated percentages. Linear interpolation in these 

tables may be used to obtain standard errors for 

intermediate values of x and p, or. the following 
156 .. 

formula, (F.2), from which the standard errors were 

derived, may be used directly to compute the standard 

errors; direct computation will give more accurate 

results than interpolation. 

ax p = J .Q.. p .(100-p) ' X 

(F.2) 

Here x is the size of the subclass of the population 

which is the base of the percentage, p is the percentage 

(0 :0: p ~ 100). and b is the parameter in table A-12 or 

A-13 associated with the particular type of characteristic in the numerator of the percentage. 

Note when using small estimates. Percentage distributions are shown in this report only when the base of 

the percentage is greater than 75,000. Because of the 

large standard errors involved, there is little chance that 

percentages would reveal useful information when com-· 

puted on a smaller base. Estimated totals are shown, 

however, even though the relative standard errors of 

these totals are larger than those for the corresponding 

percentages. These smaller estimates are provided primarily to permit such combinationS of the categories as 

serve each user's needs. 

Illustration of the use of tables of standard errors. 

Table B of this report shows that in 1974 there were 

1 ,6Q7 ,000 male unrelated individuals below the poverty 

level. Table A-4 shows the standard error of an 

estima~e of thiS size to be approximately 40,0003

. The 

3 Formula (F .1) gives a standard error of 41,000 as shown in 

table B. 

chances are 68 out of 100 that the estimate would have 

been a figure differing from a complete census figure by 

less than 40,000. The chances are 95 out of 100 that the 

estimate would have differed from a complete census 

figure by less than 80,000 (twice the standard error). 

Table 8 of this report show.; that of these 1,607,000 

total male unrelated individuals below the poverty level, 

1,200,000 or 74.7 percent were white male unrelated 

individuals below the poverty level. Table A-9 shows 

the standard error of 74.7 percent on a base of 

1,607,000 to be approximately 1.2 percent4 . Consequently, chances are 68 out of 100 that the estimated 

74.7 percent would be within 1.2 percentage points of a 

complete census figure, and chances are 95 out of 100 

that the estimate would be within 2.4 percentage points 

of a complete census figure, i.e., this 95 percent 

. confidence interval would be from 72.3 to 77.1 percent. 

Standard Error of a Difference. The formula for 

approximate standard errors of the difference between 

two estimates is given by (F.3): 

(F.3) 

where a 1 and a2 are the standard errors presented in 

Tables A-4 through A-11. The correlation coefficient 

p ·can be determined from table A-14, for year-to-year 

4 Formula (F .2) gives a standard error of 1.1 percent. 

Table A-7. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Persons Below the Poverty Level: 1966-1974 

Base of 

estimated 

percentage 

(thousands) 

. 

100 ..•• 0 ••••• 0 ••••••••• 

250 •. 0 ••••••••••••••• '.-•• 

500 •.••••.•••.•..•.• : •• 

1,000 ••..•••••.•.••.•.• 

2 ,!iOO •••••••••••••••••• 

5,000 •..•••.•.•••••••.• 

10,000 ••••• · •.••.••.•.•. 

25,000 •••.•.•.••.•.. ~ .. 

50,000 .•..•.•..••.•••.• 

100,000 ....••.••.•.•••. 

2 or 98 

3,5 

2,2 

1,6 

1,1 

o. 7 

0,5 

0.3 

0.2 

0,2 

0.11 

(68 chances out of 100) 

Estimated percentage 

5 or 95 

5.4 

3.4 

2.4 

1,7 

1.1 

0,8 

0.5 

0.3 

0.2 

0.2 

10 or 90 

7.4 

4.7 

3.3 

2.3 

1,5 

1,1 

0.7 

0.5 

0.3 

0.2 

25 or 75 

10.7 

6.8 

4,8 

3.4 

2.1 

1. 5 

1,1 

0.7 

0.5 

0.3 

50 

12,4 

7.8 

5,5 

3.9 

2,5 

1.8 

1.2 

0.8 

0,6 

0,4 

Note: To estimate standard errors for CPS data for 1959-1964, multiply these standard errors by 1,4 

and for 1965 data multiply by 1.2; for the 1960 1-in-1000 sample data multiply by 0.6, for CPS Spanish 

Origin- multiply by 1.70. 
Table A-8. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Total Persons: 1966-1974 

Base of 

estimated 

percentage 

(thousands) 

100 •••••.•••••••••••••• 

250, ••.• 0 •••••••• 0 ••••• 

500 •••••••••••••••••••• 

1,000, •••.•••••••••••.. 

2,500.~ •••.•.••••.•.••. 

s,ooo ................. . 10,000, ••••• 0 0 ••••••••• 

25 ,ooo ................ . so,ooo ..•..••....••.... 

100,000, .•••••.•••••••. 

2 or 98 

1.7 

1.1 

0.8 

0.5 

0.3 

0.2 

0.2 

0.11 

0.08 

0.05 

(68 chances out of 100) 

Estimated percentage 

5 or 95 10 or 90 

2.7 3.7 

1.7 2.3 

1.2 1.7 

0~9 1.2 

0.5 0.7 

0.4 0.5 

0.3 0.4 

0.17 0.2 

0.12 0.17 

0.09 0,12 

25 or 75 

5.4 

3.4 

2.4 

1.7 

1.1 

0.8 

0.5 

0.3 

0.2 

0.17 

50 

!57 

6.2 

3.9 

2.8 

2.0 

1.2 

0.9 

0.6 

0.4 

0.3 

0.2 

Note: To estimate standard errors for CPS data for 1959-1964, multiply these standard errors by 1.4 

and for 1965 data multiply by 1.2; for the 1960 1-in-1000 sample data multiply by 0,6; for CPS Spanish 

origin, multiply by 1,70. 

Table A-9. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages for Families and Unrelated Individuals: 1966-1974 

Base of 

estimated 

percentage 

(thousands) 

100 .•..••••...• 0 ••••••• 

250 .••• : ••.••.. 0 ••••••• 

500 •••••••••••••••••••• 

1,000, 0 •••••••••••••••• 

2,500, •.••.•••••.••• 0 •• 

s,ooo. 0 •••••••••••••••• 

10,000, ••••.•••..••.• 0. 

25,000 •.•..•••••.••..•. 

50,000.0 ••••.•• 0 0 •••••• 

2 or 98 

1.4 

0.9 

0.6 

0.5 

0.3 

0.2 

0,14 

0.09 

0.06 

(68 chances out of 100) -------- --------

Estimated percentage 

5 or 95 10 or 90 25 or 75 50 

2.2 3.1 4.5 

1.4 2.0 2.8 

1.0 1.4 2.0 

0.7 1.0 1.4 

0.4 0.6 0.9 

0.3 0.4 0.6 

0.2 0.3 0.4 

0.14 0.2 0.3 

0.10 0.14 . 0.2 

5.2 

3.3 

2.3 

1.6 

1.0 

0.7 

0.5 

0.3 

0.2 

Note: To estimate standard errors for CPS data for 1959-1964, multiply these standard errors by 1,4 

and for 1965 data multiply by 1.2; for the 1960 1-in-1000 sample data, multiply by 0,6; for CPS Spanish 

Origin, multiply by 1.16. 
158 

comparisons for poverty estimates and proportions; for 

other comparisons assume that P equals zero. Making 

this assumption will result in accurate estimates of 

, standard errors for the difference between two estimates 

of the same characteristic in t\fo/0 different areas, or for 

the difference between separate and Uncorrelated characteristics in the same area. If, however, there is a high 

positive correlation between the two characteristics, the 

formula will overstate the true standard error. 

One method of determining inter'rnediate values 

not shown in the standard error tables is to use linear 

interpolation. An alternative method of computing 

standard errors of differences between estimated numbers requires ·using the following formulas for a1 and a2 

in formula (F.3): 

and 

u=)ax2+ 

. 1 1 1 b1

x 1 

(F.4) 

0 =Jax 2+ 2 2 2 b2x2 

Here x1 and x2 are the size of the estimates and a1, b1, 

a2 and b2 are the parameters for the characteristics and 

population in question. The standard errors of the 

differences displayed in selected text tables were cal· 

culated using the parameters and correlation coefficients 

in tables A·12 and A-14. 

I 

An alternative method of computing standard errors 

of differences between estimated percents requires 

using the following formulas for a 1 and a 2 in formula 

(F.3): 

al Jb, • pl (100- pl) 

"1 (F.5) and 

02 Jb2 p2 (100-p2) 

x2 

Here x1 and x2 are the bases of the percents, b1 and b2 

are the parameters for the characteristics and population 

in question, and P1 and P2 are the percents being 

compared (O.:s;p 1• P2 < 100). 

Illustration of the computation of the standard 

error of a difference in estimates. Table B of this report 

shows that in 1974 there were 1,607,000 male unrelated 

individuals below the poverty level and 3,212,000 

female unrelated individuals below the poverty level. 

The apparent difference is 1 ,605,000. The standard 

error of 1,607,000 total male unrelated individuals 

below the poverty level for 1974 is about 40,000 as 

shown above. Table A-4 shows the standard error of an 

Table A-10. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentage !l! Persons Below the Poverty Level in Federal 

Regions I to VII, and IX 

(68 chances out of 100) 

Base of 

estimated 

Estimated percentage 

percentage 

(thousands) 1 or 99 2 or 98 5 or 95 10 or 90 25 or 75 50 

100, ..•................•. 5,4 7.6 11.9 16.3 23.6 27.2 

250, ...........•......... 3.4 4.8 7.5 10.3 14,9 17.2 

500, ••••.•••••••.•.•....• 2.4 3.4 5.3 7.3 10.5 12.2 

1 ,000, ••......•..•.•••..• 1. 7· 2.4 3.8 5.2 7.5 8.6 

2,500 .•.••.•.•.••.••.•.•• 1.1 1.5 2.4 3.3 4.7 5.4 

5 ,000 ..•.........••..•... 0,76 1.10 1,70 2.30 3.30 3.80 

10,000, ...........•.•.... 0.54 0.76 1.20 1,60 2.40 2.70 

25,000 .................•. 0.34 0,48 0,75 1,00 1.50 1,70 

50' 000 •••.••••••••.•...•• 0.24 0,34 0.53 0,73 1.10 1.20 

Note: For Regions I and II, multiply standard errors by 0.70; for Regions III, IV, and IX, multiply 

standard errors by0.85; for Region V, multiply standard errors byO.BO; for Region VI, m4ltiply standard 

errors by0.9B; and for Region VII, multiply standard errors by 1.00. 
estimate of 3,212,000 to be approximately 57,000. The 

standard error of the estimated difference of 1,605,000 

is about 

70,000 '"J(40,0001 2 + (57,0001 2 

This means the chances are 68 out of 100 that the 

estimated difference based on the samples would differ 

from the difference derived using complete census 

figures by less than 70,000. The 68 percent confidence 

interval around the 1,605,000 difference is from 

1,535,000 to 1 ,675.000, i.e., 1,605,000 ± 70,000. A 

conclusion that the average estimate of the difference 

derived from all possible samples lies within a range 

computed in this way would be correct for roughly 68 

percent of all possible samples. The 95 percent confidence interval is 1,465,000 to 1 ,745,000. We can 

conclude with 95 percent confidence that the number 

of rriale unrelated individuals below the poverty level in 

1974 is actually smaller than the number of female 

unrelated individuals below the low-income, level in 

1974, i.e., the difference is not zero. 

s Formulas (F .3) and (F .4) give a standard error of about 71 .• 000 

with p = 0.0. 

159 

Illustration of the computation of the standard 

error of a difference in percentages. Table 1 of this 

report shows that the 1973 poverty rate for children 

under 18 was 14.2 percent while, in 1974, this figure 

was 15.5 percent. Formulas (F.31 and (F.51, with p" .4 

from table A-14, gives a standard error of the differences of 1.3 percent to be about .4 percent: 

.4 " 0(.3491 2 + (.3351 2 • 2(.41 (.3491 (.3351 

The 95 percent confidence interval around the 1.3 

percent difference is from 0.5 percent to 2.1 percent 

and we can conclude with 95 percent confidence that 

the poverty rate for children in 1974 was actually higher 

than the poverty rate for children in 1973. 

Ratios. A ratio of two numbers can be expressed as a 

mean for the purposes of computing ail approximate 

standard error. In the case where either the numerator 

or denominator of the ratio is income, the formula for 

the standard error of the arithmetic mean ( F .6) should 

be used. In the case where the ratio has persons in the 

numerator and families in the denominator, formula 

(F.7) with the appropriate p will give a preferable result 

to that of formula (F.61. ' 

Table A-11. Standard Errors of Estimated Percentages of Persons Below the Poverty Level in Federal 

Regions VIII and X 

(68 chances out of 10~) 

Base of Estim3ted percentage 

estimated 

percentage 

(thousands) 1 or 99 2 or 98 5 or 95 10 or 90 25 or 75 50 

100 •.••.•.•...•.....•.•.• 8.0 11.2 17.5 24.1 34.8 40.2 

250, .... - ..••••.......••. 5.1 7.1 11.1 15.2 22,0 25.4 

500 .•..•.•.•..•••.•.••... 3.6 5.0 7.8 10.8 15.6 18.0 

1,000 .•.••.•....•••..•.•. 2.5 3.6 5.5 7.6 11,0 12,7 

2, 500 .••.•.....•.•••••.•. 1.6 2.2 3.5 4.8 7.0 8.0 

5 ,000 ...•••.•....•••..•.• 1.1 1.6 2.5 3.4 4.9 5.7 

10,000 ....•.••..........• 0.80 1.10 1.80 2.40 3.50 4,00 

25,000 ....•..••••...•.•.. o. 51 0.71 1.10 1.50 2,20 2.50 

50,000 •.•.......•........ 0.36 0.50 0.78 1.10 1.60 1.80 

Note: For Region VIII, multiply standard errors by 1.00; for Region X, multiply stan~ard errors by 

0.80. 
160 

Table A-12. Parameters for Estimated Numbers and Percentages of Persons, Families and 

Unrelated Individuals: 1966 tci 1974 

Below poverty level Tot at 

Characteristic 

' a b a b 

PERSONS 

Total ...••. , ...•.............•... -.000030. 6133 .994~ -.00~007,4 1533,49R6 

Under 14 years, .•.....•.... · ..• •·.···.·. -.000121 6133.9944 -.0000300 1533 .4986 

14 to 64 years ...•.........•.......•.•. -.000045 6133.9944 -.0000110 l533,49H6 

65 years and over .•.•.•.•...•...•.....• -.000298 6133.9944 -.0000740 1533.4986 

White •••••••••• , .•••••••••••••••••• -.000034 6133.9944 -.0000085 1533 ~ 4986· 

Under 1 4 years .• ,.- ..•..•..•... , ........ -.000144 6133.9944 -.0000360 1533.4986 

14 to 64 years ....•...•...•.•. , ..•...•. -.000051 6133.9944 -,0000129 1533.4986 

65 years and over •.••..•...•.•....••.•. -.000327 6133.9944 -.0000818 1533.4986 

Negr~ and other races ..•.•.• , ..•.•. -.000209 5539.3864 -.0000520 1384.8466 

Under 14 years •.• , ... , •..•••...•. ,, .•• , -.000685 5539.3864 -.0001710 1384.8466 

14 to 64 years •• , ••.• , ..• , .•.. , .•••••• , -.000335 5539.3864 ...::.oooo840 1384.1:1466 

65 years and over ••• , ..• ,, •.•..•. , ..... -.002999 5539.3864 -.0007500 1384.8466 

Spanish origin, , , . , •• , ••.• , •.• , , , • , - 0001024 17,727.1220 -.0000256 4431,7805 

FAMILIES AND UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS 

Total or white •. ,, •. , ••.•.. , •..••. , .•.• -.0000080 1063.1809 -.0000080 1063.1809 

Negro and other races .• ;.,, ••..• , •...•. -.0000640 922.0689 -.0000640 922.0689 Spanish origin, ...••••.••.••.••.• , •••.. -.0000195 1422.2069 -.0000195 1422.2069 

Note: For years prior to 1966, a standard error estimate computed with these parameters must be 

adjusted, For 1959 to 1964, multiply the standard error by 1,4 and for 1965 data, multiply by 1.2. 

Table A-13. Parameters for Persons Below the Poverty Level in the 10 Federal Regions 

~ I I 1 1 I I IV v 

Parameter (Boston) (New York) (Philadelphia) (Atlanta) (Chicago) 

a •......• .034561 .014617 ,017573 .006710 .009527 

b .•..•.•. 14,168.9666 15,586.1130 22,296.1091 21,322.6729 18,109.1707 

~ VI VI I VIII IX X 

Parameter (Dallas-Ft. Worth) (Kansas City) (Denver) (San Francisco) (Seat tlc) 

a •..•.•. , .014312 .044507 ,192584 .019675 .131217 

b ..••.... 27,624.8572 29,607.5149 64,494.4888 21,407.5747 41,684.0103 

Note: To estimate standard errors for all persons in the 10 Federal Regions divide the parameters by 

4 and use the appropriate formulas given in the text. 
Computation of the standard error of an arithmetic 

mean. To get a rough estimate of the standard error of a 

mean, the follo~ing formula cin be used: 

a 

x /J[r b i=1 P-x-2 I I - .E._ ~ n n 

IF.61 

In this formula, n is the weighted total number of cases 

in all c classes, Pi are the percentages of total cases in 

the i classes, xi are the midpoints of the i class~s (or 

discrete values of the i classes). 6 

c 

L P.x. 

The mean value, x.·, is defined by i= 1 I I 

The parameter b is the parameter from Table A-12 or 

A-13 corresponding to the characteristic of interest. 

Standard' error of a ratio. Certain mean values, for 

persons in families, listed iii the tables of this report 

were not calculated using the formula for X given above. 

Rather, they were calculated as the ratio of two 

numbers. For example, the mean number of children 

per family w\th children is calculated as 

x total number of children in families 

y total number of fainilies with children 

Standard errors for these means may be 

approximated as shOwn below from the standard error 

tables or by using formula ( F .1) and the parameters 

from Table A-12. TherP are two cases to consider. In 

either case, the denominator y represents a count of 

families of a certain class, and the numerator x 

represents a count of· persons with the characteristic 

under consideration who are members of these families. 

Case 1: There is at least one person having the 

characteristic in every family of the class; 

as for example, the mean number of 

children per family with .children. For 

ratios of this kind, the standard error is 

approximated by the following formula: 

IF.71 

6 If the open-ended interval for income tables is "under $1,000" 

use-$761; "$2,500 or more" use $2,750; "$8,000 or more" use 

$8,500. 

161 

The standard error of the estimated number of families, ay, and the standard error 

of the estimated number of persons with 

the characteristic, ax, may be obtained 

from Tables A-4 or A-5. Alternatively, 

formula IF.1) and Table A-12 may be 

used. In formula (F. 7). p represents the 

correl_ation coefficient between the numerator and the denominator of the estimate. 

· In .the abqve example, and for other ratios 

of this kind, use 0.7 as an estimate of p. 

This procedure can also be used to compute the standard error on the estimate of 

mean family size vvhere 

~=total number of persons in families 

y total number of families 

and p is again estimated to be approximately 

0.7. 

Case 2: The number of persons having the characteristic in a given family may be 0, 1, 2, 

3, or· more; for example, the mean number 

of children per family. For ratios of this 

kind the standard error is approximated 

by formula (F.7) but p is assumed to be 

zero. If p is actually positive, then this 

procedure will provide an overestimate of 

the standard error of the ratio. 

Sampling variability of a median .. The sampling 

variability of an estimated median depends upon the 

form as well as on the size of the distribution from 

.which the median is determined. An approximate 

method for measuring the reliability of a median is to 

determine an interval about the estimated median, such 

that there is a stated degree of cOnfidence that the 

median based on· a complete census lies within the 

interval. The following procedure may be used to 

estimate confidence limits of a median based on sample 

data: 

1. Determine, using the standard error tables or 

formula ( F .2). the standard error of a 50 

percent characteristic, using the appropriate 

base. 

2. Add to and subtract from 50 percent the 

standard error determined in step ( 1 ) . 

3. Using the distribution of the characteristic, read 

off the confidehce interval corresponding to the 

two points established in step (2). 

A two standard error confidence interval may be 

determined by finding the values corresponding to 50 

percent plus and minus twice the standard error 

determined in step (1). 
] 

162 

Illustration of the computation of a confidence 

interval for a median. Using estimates from Table 4, it 

can be shown that the median age for heads of poor, 

female-headed families was 34.3 years in 1974. The size, 

or base, of the distribution from which this median was ·determined is 2,351,000. 

1. Table A-7 shows that the standard error of an 

estimate of 50 percent cin a base of 

2,351,000 is about 2.6 percent. 

2. To obtain· a two standard error confidence 

interval on the estimated median, initially 

add to and subtract from 50 percent twice 

the standard error found in step (1 ). This 

yields percentage limits of 44.8 and 55.2. 

3. From Table 4 it can be seen that 19.0 

percent of all female headed families below 

the poverty level were headed by a vvoman 

under 25 years of age. There were 33.4 

percent having a female head between 25 and 

34 years of age. By linear interpolation the 

lower limit of the confidence interval is 

about: 

25 + (34.25+1 1 [44.8 · 19.ol"' 32.

7 33.4 J 

Similarly, the upper limit may be found by 

linear interpolation to be about: 

35 + (44-35+1 1 [55.2 · 52.31"' 36_3 22.5 J 

Thus, an approximate 95 percent confidence 

interval is from 32.7 to 36.3. 

Table A-14. Year-to-Year Correlation Coefficients for Poverty Estimates 

(Numbers and proportions) 

1973-1974 1 1971-1972 1970-1971 Characteristic 

Persons Families Persons Families Persons Families 

---···- .. -·· --t -. -·-- - ---· -·· ------ '"'"' ' ''ll White., ...••.•..•..•.. ~ 0.35 

0,35 0.15 0.14 0,31 0,28 

Negro, •• 0,30 0,14 0.13 0,28 0,25 , •• , •••. , .•• ,,... 0,45 

Other races,,.,,,.,...... 0, 45 0.40 0.17 0.16 0,35 0,32 

Spanish origin.,......... 0,45 0,40 0,17 0,16 0,35 0,32 0, 40" 0.17 .0.16 . 0,35 ------ --·- --·· 0,32 1

These correlation coefficients are also applicable to 1972-1973, 1969-1970 and earlier years. 
• 

. ' 

APPENDIX B 

OEO TABULATION SPECIFICATIONS 

The data in tables 6, 10 to 15, 35, 39, 42, 45 and 46 of this report were extracted from a series 

of tabulations prepared for and previously distributed by the Office of Economic Opportunity 

(OEO),. These tabulations contain more detailed cross-classifications by age and other 

characteristics than are shown in the tables presented in this report. Financial support for the 

preparation of the OEO tabulations was provided by the Office of the Assistant Secretary for 

Planning and Evaluation, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. Requests for further 

information about these tabulations as well as ·limited requests for copies should be made in 

writing to Chief, Population Division, Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233. Outlines of 

the contents of the complete OEO tabulations are shown on the following pages . 
164 

OEO Table 1. AGE OF PERSON AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIP BY AGE AND SEX OF HEAD 

Age of person and 

relationship 

to head 

. 

All Persons 

Total. •••.•••••• , ••••. , 

Under 16 years, ...... ,, •..•• , 

Under 3 years .• ,,,,,,,,,,,, 

3 to 5 years,, ..•• , •. ,,,, .. 

6 to 13 years •..••••..• , ••. 

14 and 15 years, •••.•••••.. 

16 to 21 years.,,,,,,,, •..••• 

Head,.,,.,,.,,,, ••••• ,,.,,, 

Wife ••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Other 111ale, •••••• , , , ••••••• 

16 and 17 years.,, •••..•• 

18 and 19 years •. , ••••.•• 

20 and 21 years,., •••• , •. 

Other female, •••• , ••••••••• 

16 and 17 years •••••••••• 

18 and 19 years •••••••••• 

20 and 21 years •••••••• ,. 

22 to 44 years ••••• , ••• , ••••. 

Read ••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Wife ••••••••••••••••••••••• 

Other male ••• , •••• ,,, •• ,, •• 

Other felll8le ••• ,, •• , ••••••• 

·~· •• 22 to 44 years for: 45 to 54 yeara ••••••• , ••••• 55 to 59 years, •• ,, ••••• , •• 60 <o 64 years ....... , ••••• 65 years , .. over ..... ; •••• 

Total 

Total 14 

to 

21 

In families 

Age of head (years) 

22 35 45 55 

to to to to 34 44 54 59 

Same as "All Persons" for: 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

and Male Unrelated Individuals 

Persons in Families With Female Head 

and Female Unrelated Individuals 

All of the above for: 

Below Low-Income Level 

Percent Below Low-Income Level 

Between 100 and 125 Percent of the 

Low-Income Level 

Between 125 and 150 Percent of the 

Low-Income Level 

All of the above for: 

White 

Negro 

Spanish Origin 

Tabulation ' areas: 

Nonfarm 

Metropali tan Areas 

Inside Central Cities 

Outside Central Cities 

Nonmetropolitan Areas 

10 Federal Regions 

60 

to 

64 

OEO Table 2. EDUCATIONAL AITAINMENT OF PERSONS BY AGE AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIP 

Years of school completed 

and family relationship 

Both SeJ<es 

Total ••••• , •••••••••• , •••••••••• 

No years of school completed •••••••••••• 

Elementary: 1 to 5 years •. ••••••·•••••• 

6 to 7 years .............. . 

8 years •••••••••••• , ••••••• 

High school: 1· to 3 years., ••••••••••••• 

4 years •• , •••••••• , •••••••• 

College (1 year or more) •••••••• , ••••••• 

Median years of s'chool completed •••••••• 

Percent not a high school graduate •••••• 

Total 14 

, .. 15 1, 16 .. 1 

" 

18 

to 

21 I 

Age {years) 

, to I 34 

35 

to 

44 I 

45 

to 

54 

Same as "Total" block for: 

Family heads 

Wives 

Other family members 

Unrelated individuals 

Same as "Both Sexes'' for: 

Male 

Female 

All of the above for: 

Below Low-Income Level 

I 55 

to 

59 

Percent Below Low-Income Level 

65 

, .. over 

I 60 

to 

64 

Unrelated 

individuals 

I 65 

,.. 

over 

Between 100 and 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level 

All of the above for: 

White 

Negro 
165 

OEO Table 3. WORK EXPERIENCE OF PERSONS BY AGE AND FAMILY RELATIONSHIP 

Work experience and 

family relationship 

Both Sexes 

Total,,,,,,,.,,,,, .•..... , ...•.. / 

Worked full time,, •• , •••...... ,,,,,,, •• 

50 to 52 weeks •• , ••••••••••••• ,,,,,., 

40 to 49 weeks,,,,,,,,,, .....••• ,,,,, 

27 to 39 weeks,,,,,,, •.........• ,.,., 

26 weeks or less,,,,.,, ....... ,,,,,,, 

Worked part time.,.,.,.,,.,,,,,, .•••• ,. 

50 to 52 weeks ••••••••••• ,, ... , •••.••• 

40 to 49 weeks ..... ,,., ....... , ..... . 

27 to 39 weeks ....•..•••• ,,,,,, •.•••. 

26 weeks or less .................... . 

Did not work last year ••• ,,,,,,,, .• ,, .. 

Main·reason for not workinff: 

Ill or disabled,,, ........... ,., •.• 

Keeping house.,, ••••••••••••..•. ,,, 

Going to school .•••••••• , ••••.••••. 

Unable to find work •••••••••••••.• , 

Retired ••••••• ,, •••• ,,.,, ••••.•. , •• 

Other, •••••••••••••••••••••••• ,,, .. 

In Armed Forces •..••...••. ,,,,,, •••••.• 

OEO Table 4. 

Occupation of longest job 

Both Sexes 

Worked last year, total. •••••••• , ••••••••••• 

Wage and salary workers, incl. gov' t •••••• 

Professional and managerial., ••••••••••• 

Clerical an~_sales •••••••••••••••••••••. 

Crafts and lnndred workers •• , •••• ,, •• , .. 

Operatives, including transport •• ,,,,,,, 

Laborers, except farm., •..••••••• , ••••• , 

Farmers and. fann managers .• , .•••••• ,· •• ,, 

Farm laborers and supervisors ••••.••• ,., 

Private household workers,,,.,., ••• ,,,,, 

Service workers, exc. private household, 

Self-employed, farm,., ••••••••••••• , ••.•.• 

Self-employed, other ..••••.•••• ,,, •. ,, •••• 

Unpaid family workers •••• ,,,,', ••••. ,,,,,,, 

Total 14 16 

a'nd lo 

15 21 

Age (years) 

I I 

" 35 45 

lo lo lo 

34 44 ,. 

Same as "Total" block for: 

Family heads 

Wives 

Other family members 

Unrelated individuals 

Same as "Both Sexes" for: 

Male 

Female 

All of the above for: 

I I , I 55 60 65 

lo lo ,., 59 64 over 

Same P<Jverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 

OCCUPATION OF LONGEST JOB OF PERSONS BY AGE 

Total 14 

and 

. 15 

Age (years) 

16 22 35 

to I to I lo 

21 34 44 

Same as "Total" block for: 

Family heads 

Wives 

Other family members 

Unrelated individuals 

Same as "Both Sexes" for: 

Male 

Female 

All of the above for: 

I 

45 

lo 

54 I 

55 

I 

60 

to to 

59 64 

Same P<Jverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 

I 

65 

ond 

over 
166 

OEO Table 5. INQUSTRY OF LONGEST JOB OF PERSONS BY FAMILY RELATIONSHIP 

Industry of longest job 

and family relationship Total 

Age (years) 

14. 16 22 35 45 55 

and to to to to to 

65 ,,d 15 21 34 44 54 64 over __________________ _L ____ L_~_L __ _L __ -L--~--~----LBoth Sexes 

Worked last year, total.··. • · .,. • • · · · · • · 

Wage unO salary workers, incl. gov't,,, ••.... 

Agricul tun:. ..••. ,,,, •••••. ,,,, ••••••• ,, •... 

Mining and construction,, ••••••••• ,., .••••• 

Manufacturing .••. ,,, .••••• ,,,,,, ..•• ,,,, .•. 

Durable, ... , .... ,., ••••.• ,, ••• , ••••• ,, ••. 

Nondurable,.,,,,,,, ••• ,,,,, ••••• ,,,,, ••• , 

Transportation, communications, and 

other public utilities ••••• , •••.•••••••..• 

Wholesale and retail trade,.; ••••••• , •••••• 

Service industries ... ,,,, ••••••• ,,,,,., •• ,. 

Professional,, ••••••••••• , ••.• , •••••••. ,, 

Personal., .••.. , , , , •..•..• , , . , , , , , , , •.. , • 

All other .....• , , , •• , •.. , ••.•• , , , , •.....• 

Public administration,,, •...••.•. ,, •• , •• ,,. 

Self-employed, fann •..••.•. ,.,.,,,.,.,,,.,.,. 

Self-employed, other,,,, ••..••.•. , •. , .•••.• ,. 

Unpaid family workers ...••••. , . , •••••• , •••••• 

Same as "Total" block for: 

Family heads 

Wives 

Other family members 

Unrelated individuals 

Same as ''Both Sexes for: 

Male 

Female 

All of the above for: 

Same Poverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 

OEO Table 6. AGE OF PERSONS UNDER 22 YEARS OLD BY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF HEAD 

A~e of person by educational 

attainment of head 

All Educational Levels of Head 

Under 22 years old .••.. ,.,, •••• , ••..•• , 

Under 1 year.,, .....•. ,,,,,,, •..••. ,, 

1 year, •.•••• , ..•.•••••••• ,,, ••••• ,,. 

years ••••• ,,,,,,,,,., ••• ,,,,,,,,, •• 

3 years •••.••••••••• ,, •• , •••••••••••• 

4 years ••.•.• , ••••••••••••••••••••••• 

5 years •.•• ,,,,,, •• ,,, .•.•••••••••.•. 

6 years,,,,,, •. ,, •.•.• ,,,.,,, •...•• ,, 

7 years .•• , .•• ,, ••••••••• ,,, •..••.••• 

8 years •••••••••••••• , •• , •... , ••••••• 

9 years ••.•.•.•••• ,,., .. , •••••• , ••••• 

10 years ..•. ,,,,,, ... , ..••• ,,,,,,,.,. 

11 yCars .••... , , , , , , , • , ••••.. , , , , , ••• 

12 years ••••.•••.• , ••••••.•..•. , ••• ,. 

13 y~ars., .•••••••••••••• , •••••••• , •. 

14 years •••.. ,,,,,,, •....••• ,,,, ••••. 

15 years .................. ! ......... . 16 years ....... ,., ••• ;., •• ; .. ,,, .••.• 

17 years ••••••.•••••• ,., ...•••••••••. 

18 years.,,,.,., ••......•• ,,,,, ••••• , 

19 years .•... ,,,,,,,.';' ••••• ,,,, ..... 

20 years,,,,,,, .•.••• :.· .••••••••••••• 

21 yeaTs ••••••••••• ,.; ••.•••••••••••• 

Under 3 ye11rs .... ,,,,,, ••.•••••••.. , , • , . 

3 to 7 years •. , ••.• ,,, ••••• , .• , ..• ,, ••• · 

8 to 13 years, •••••••••••. , .•••••••• , •. 

14 and 15 years •••••••••.. , •••••• , ••••. 

16 a~d 21 years, .•• , .. , •..••••• ,,,,,, •• 

' 

(Excludes family heads and spouses) 

Both sexes 

Io 

husba!ldwife 

families 

lo 

families 

with other 

male head 

Io 

families 

with female head 

Male Female 

Same '" Same '" "Both "Both 

sexes " sexes 

Same as "All Educational Levels of Head" for: 

Head With 8 Years of School or Less 

Head With 9 to 11 Years of School 

Head With 12 Years of School 

Head Wtih 13 Years of School or More 

All of the above for: 

Same Poverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 
167 

OEO Table 7. MAJOR ACTIVITY IN SURVEY WEEK OF PERSONS 14 TO 21 YEARS OLD BY EDUCATIONAl ATTAINMENT 

Educational att:~inrnent and age 

Both Sexes 

Total ..................•....•..•.••• 

:-lo school years completed ...•• ,.,,,,,,,,,:. 

Elenlentary; 1 to 5 years,,., ...... ,., ..... . 

6 to 7 years.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 

8 years ............... , • , .•.... 

High school: 1 to 5 years .... , ......•..•••. 

<1 years.,.,.,,., ............. . 

College 1 1 year or more~ •. ;,.,, ........... . 

Median years of school completed .•......... 

Percent not a high school graduate .•.••. , •. 

{Excludes family heads and spouses) 

.. 

Going Io school Other ---~ -· ----~--- ----

l Employed No I ··- •• In 

Unem- Armed 

! ploy- in "Going Forces I Full labor to Total time ed , force school" 

·-· -

Total 

Total 

Same as "Total" block for: 

Persons 14 and 15 years old 

Persons 16 ood " years old 

Persons 18 •od 19 years old 

Persons 20 •od 21 years old 

Same ., "Both Sexes " for: 

Male 

Female 

All of the above for: 

Same Poverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 

OEO Table 8. PERSONS IN FAMiliES BY SElECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAD 

Family members by selected 

characteristics of head 

All Persons in Families 

Educational attainment of head 

Same categories as OEO Table 2 

Work experience of head 

Same categories as OEO Table 3 

Occupation of longest job of head 

Same categories as OEO Table 4 

Total 14 22 

to to 

21 34 

Age of head (years) 

35 45 55 60 

to to to to 

44 54 59 64 

Same as "All Persons in Families" for: 

Persons in Families With Male Head 

Persons in Families With Female Head 

All of the above for: 

65 

Md 

over 

Same Poverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 

OEO Table9. INCOME OF SPECIFIED TYPE AS A PERCENT .OF TOTAl INCOME FOR FAMiliES AND UNRElATED INDIVIDUAlS 

Type and amount of income 

All Families 

No tncome,, •....•....•.•. ,.,,,.,,,,,,,, 

With income, total ...••••.•••.••••••••. 

Persons in families .• , •.. ,,,,,,,,,,,, 

Mean family income,,.,,,,,, ••. ,,dol,. 

Median family income ..• ,,,, ,,,,,dol.. 

/ 

With earned income .....••••••••••.. ,,,, 

Persons in families, ••••••••• ,.,,,,,, 

Mean family income .. ,,, .• ,,,,,. ,dol., 

Median family income •• ,. ••••• ,,,,dol., 

With transfer income .••••••••• , ••• ,,,,, 

Persons in families •••• ,,,,,,,,,,,,,. 

Mean family income •• ,,,,,,,,, •.• dol.. 

Median family income,,, ••••••••• dol.. 

With Social Security income •• ,,,,,,,, 

Persons in families •••••••••. ,,.,., 

~lean family income,,, •••• , •••. dol.. 

_\led ian family income •..••.•••• dol •• 

With public l'H>sistance income,, ..•••• 

Persons in families ............... . 

Mean family income, •••...••... dol.. 

~1edian family income,, ........ dol,, 

Tot-al 

Percent of total income 

1 to 24 I 25 to 49 . I 50 to 74 I 75 to 99 I All Families--continued 

With transfer income:..-continued 

With other transfer payments ••••••••• 

Persons in families .•• , •••••••••••• 

Mean family income •••••••••••• dol,. 

Median family income .•.•••• ,. ,dol,. 

With other unearned income •••••••••••• , 

Persons in families •••••••••••••••••• 

Mean family income ••••••••••••• ,dol,. 

Median family income, ••••••••••• dol.. 

Repeat same as "All Families" for: 

Families With Male Head 

Families With Female Head 

All Unrelated Individuals 

Male Unrelated Individuals 

Female Unrelated Individuals 

All of the above for: 

100 

Same Poverty Level and Race repeats as OEO Table 2 
168 

OEO Table 10. TOTAL MONEY INCOME BY SIZE OF FAMILY 

Total money income 

All Income Levels 

Tot a 1.,,, .••• thousands ••. 

Percent ••• ,,., •••• ,,,,, 

Under $2,000 •• ,,,, •••• ,, ..•••• , 

$2,000 to $2,499, ••••• ,, •.•.••• 

$2,500 to $2,999,, •••••• ,, .... . 

$3,000 to $3,499,. ............ , 

$3,500 to $3,999 .•.• , •••••••••• 

$4,000 to :!M,999 .. ,. .......... . 

$5,000 to $5,999.,, ,, , , , .••.••• 

$6,000 to $6,999 •••••••••• , •. , . 

$7,000 to $7,999 ............. .. 

$8,000 to $8,999 .. , ......... .. 

$9,000 to $9,999 ......... , .... . 

$10,000 to $11_,999,,,,, ..•... , • 

$12,000 to $14,999 ........... .. 

$15,000 to $24,999 •••••••••••.• 

$25,000 and over .............. . 

Median income •••••••••• ,, •... ,, 

Mean income ••••••• , ••••••...•• , 

Income per family member ••••••• 

' Same as "Total" block for: 

Families with male head 

Families with female head 

Same as "All Income Levels'' for: 

Total 

I , 3 

Between lOO"and 125 Percent of the Low-Income Level 

Between 125 and 150 Percent of the Low-Income Level 

I 

Size of family (persons) Related children 

Persons under Ul ye 11 rs 1 

I , I 8 19 4 '" 5 6 or more families' 

Toc"l I Uode< "I" co !; ye;~rs years 

Below Lot.~-lncome Level 

Tota 1 •...... thousands. 

Percent .....•• , •... 

No income ••••••• , ••......••. 

Loss •••••••••.•..•••......•. 

.$1 to $999 ••.•...• , .••••... , •. 

$1,000 to $1,4!:19 •....••.•...•• 

$1,500 to $1,999 ...... , ....... 

$2,000 to $2,499, ••••... , ••.•. 

$2,500 to $2,999 ••.••••. , •..•• 

$3,000 to $3,499 •.. ,, ••••.... , 

$3,500 to $3,999 ............. . 

$4,000 to $4,999 ............ .. 

$5,000 to $5,999 ••••• , ..••••• , 

$6,000 to $6,999, ...•••.. , ... . 

.$7,ooo to $7,9!:19 ............ .. 

$8,000 and over, , , , , , , , ••• , , , • 

Median income ••... , .•• ,,,., ••• 

Mean income ••.• ,, •..•••• , .•••• 

Income per family member •••..• 

Same as "Total" block for: 

Families with male head 

Families with female head 

All of the above for: 

White 

Negro 

Repeat entire table for numbers underlying 

the percent distribution 

1 Distributed by th" income of the family, 
r 

• 

• 

' 17 

r 

• 

~I) 

l 

LIST OF TABLES IN P-60, NO. 102 AND CORRESPONDING TABLES IN SERIES P-60, NO. 98 

Table number .Table number Table number Table number 

in this report in P-60, No. 98 in this report in P-60, No. 98 

1 1 25 27 

2 2 26 28 

3 3 27 31 

4 4 28 32 

5 5 29 33 

6 6 30 34 

7 7 31 35 

8 8 32· 36 and 37 

9 9 33 38 

10 . 10 34 38 

11 11 35 39 

12 12 36 40 

13 13 37 41 

14 15 38 42 

~15 16 39 43 

16 17 40 44 

17 19 41 45 

18 20 42 46 

19 21 43 47 

20 22 44 48 

21 23 45 49 

22 24 46 New 

23 25 47 50 

24 26 48 H