# Patent

## Title
Social power sharing for mobile devices based on pocket-forming

## Abstract

The present disclosure provides a method for wirelessly sharing power within multiple mobile devices connected to a power sharing community network using a mobile device application. This method may provide an easy and effective way to wirelessly share power from a group of mobile devices to other mobile devices in need of charge, located within the same area, such as a train station, bus station, food courts, airport terminals, etc. The method may include wireless power transmission through suitable techniques such as pocket-forming.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present disclosure is related to U.S. Non-Provisional patent application Ser. No. 13/891,430 filed May 10, 2013, entitled Methodology for Pocket-Forming; Ser. No. 13/925,469 filed Jun. 24, 2013, entitled Methodology for Multiple Pocket-Forming; Ser. No. 13/946,082 filed Jul. 19, 2013, entitled Method for 3 Dimensional Pocket Forming; Ser. No. 13/891,399, filed May 10, 2013, entitled Receivers for Wireless Power Transmission and Ser. No. 13/891,445, filed May 10, 2013, entitled Transmitters for Wireless Power Transmission, the entire content of which are incorporated herein by these references.
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present disclosure relates to wireless power transmission, and more particularly to a method for wireless power transmission within multiple mobile devices connected to a network.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Portable electronic devices such as smart phones, tablets, notebooks and others, have become an everyday need in the way we communicate and interact with others. The frequent use of these devices may require a significant amount of power, which may easily deplete the batteries attached to these devices. Therefore, a user is frequently needed to plug in the device to a power source, and recharge such device. This may be inconvenient and troublesome if the user forgets to plug in or otherwise charge a device, the device may run out of power and be of no use to the user until the user is again able to charge the device.
Wired charging stations may be an answer for the situation described above, however these stations may always be crowded with people charging their devices and hence, in many occasions, a person may not find a spot to charge his or her personal device such as a smartphone, tablet, or the like. In crowded places such as airports, subways, train stations, and shopping centers, this may be a big disadvantage.
For the foregoing reasons, there may be a need for finding a method that would allow any person with a mobile device to be charged freely in crowded places.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure provides a method for wirelessly sharing power within multiple mobile devices connected to a power sharing community network using a mobile device application. This method may provide an easy and effective way to wirelessly share power from a group of mobile devices to other mobile devices in need of charge, located within the same area, such as a train station, bus station, food courts, airport terminals, etc. The method may include wireless power transmission through suitable techniques such as pocket-forming.
In an embodiment, a description of pocket-forming methodology using at least one transmitter and at least one receiver may be provided.
In another embodiment, a flowchart describing a method for social power sharing, may be provided. The method may start when an user downloads and installs in his or her mobile device an Application Software (also referred to as App). In one embodiment, the app may be configured to allow the mobile device to transmit controlled RF waves through its built-in wireless hardware such as WI-FI or BLUETOOTH modules. The App may also allow the mobile device to set a list of constrains constraints so as to determine the minimum amount of power needed to allow transmission, the quantity of power to transmit, and time when it should be transmitted among other constraints. The App may also be able to coordinate multiple mobile devices connected in a power sharing community network to send controlled RF waves at the same time to a targeted mobile device in need of charge. Also, the App may follow the pocket-forming methodology and be able to transform those controlled RF waves, forming pockets of energy, into power. Furthermore, the App may also be able to prioritize power requests among users, depending on a set of parameters.
In an even further embodiment, an example situation where social power sharing is used, may be provided. In this embodiment, a group of people, having multiple mobile devices, may share the power from their mobile devices by using the App described above. In this embodiment, at least 100 people are sending controlled RF waves to a single person holding a mobile device. The mobile device being charged may be a smartphone, tablet, or any of the like.
The method here disclosed may provide wireless power to electronic devices such as tablets, smartphones and the like. As described in embodiments above, such devices may share power within each other by using a mobile device application and the wireless hardware already built-in. This app and the pocket-forming methodology may provide a solution for millions of people that have mobile devices and constantly run out of power.
Yet another embodiment of the present invention is a method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces, comprising the steps of: downloading application software to mobile electronic devices; networking mobile electronic devices with the application software together into a power sharing community network between mobile electronic devices; transforming each mobile electronic devices with the application software into a pocket-forming transmitter on the power sharing community network; and emitting controlled RF power waves from mobile electronic devices on the network to power other networked mobile devices through the pockets of energy.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Embodiments of the present disclosure are described by way of example with reference to the accompanying figures, which are schematic and may not be drawn to scale. Unless indicated as representing prior art, the figures represent aspects of the present disclosure. The main features and advantages of the present disclosure will be better understood with the following descriptions, claims, and drawings, where:
FIG. 1 illustrates wireless power transmission using pocket-forming, according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 illustrates a flowchart describing a method for social power sharing.
FIG. 3 shows an example situation where social power sharing may be applied,



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Definitions
“Pocket-forming” may refer to generating two or more RF waves which converge in 3-d space, forming controlled constructive and destructive interference patterns.
“Pockets of energy” may refer to areas or regions of space where energy or power may accumulate in the form of constructive interference patterns of RF waves.
“Null-space” may refer to areas or regions of space where pockets of energy do not form because of destructive interference patterns of RF waves.
“Transmitter” may refer to a device, including a chip which may generate two or more RF signals, at least one RE signal being phase shifted and gain adjusted with respect to other RF signals, substantially all of which pass through one or more RF antenna such that focused RF signals are directed to a target.
“Receiver” may refer to a device including at least one antenna element, at least one rectifying circuit and at least one power converter, which may utilize pockets of energy for powering, or charging an electronic device.
“Adaptive pocket-forming” may refer to dynamically adjusting pocket-forming to regulate power on one or more targeted receivers.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the following detailed description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof. In the drawings, which may not be to scale or to proportion, similar symbols typically identify similar components, unless context dictates otherwise. The illustrative embodiments described in the detailed description, drawings and claims, are not meant to be limiting. Other embodiments may be used and/or and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure.
FIG. 1 illustrates wireless power transmission 100 using pocket-forming. A transmitter 102 may transmit controlled RF waves 104 which may converge in 3-d space. These radio frequency (RF) waves 104 may be controlled through phase and/or relative amplitude adjustments to form constructive and destructive interference patterns (pocket-forming). Pockets of energy 108 may be formed at constructive interference patterns and can be 3-dimensional in shape whereas null-spaces may be generated at destructive interference patterns. A receiver 106 may then utilize pockets of energy 108 produced by pocket-forming for charging or powering an electronic device, for example a laptop computer 110 and thus effectively providing wireless power transmission. In other situations there can be multiple transmitters 102 and/or multiple receivers 106 for powering various electronic equipment for example smartphones, tablets, music players, toys and others at the same time. In other embodiments, adaptive pocket-forming may be used to regulate power on electronic devices.
In an embodiment, transmitter 102 may include a housing where at least two or more antenna elements, at least one RF integrated circuit (RFIC), at least one digital signal processor (DSP) or micro-controller, and one communications component may be included, Transmitter 102 may also include a local oscillator chip for converting alternating current (AC) power to analog RF signals. Such RF signals may firstly be phase and gain adjusted through an RFIC proprietary chip, and then converted to RF waves via antenna elements. On the other hand, receiver 106 may include a housing where at least one antenna element, at least one rectifier and at least one power converter may be included. Receiver 106 may communicate with transmitter 102 through short RF waves or pilot signals sent through antenna elements. In some embodiments, receiver 106 may include an optional communications device for communicating on standard wireless communication protocols such as BLUETOOTH, WI-FI or ZIGBEE with transmitter 102. In some embodiments, receiver 106 may be implemented externally to electronic devices in the form of cases, e.g. camera cases, phone cases and the like which may connect through suitable and well known in the art techniques such as universal serial bus (USB). In other embodiments, receiver 106 may be embedded within electronic devices.
FIG. 2 illustrates a flowchart describing a method for social power sharing 200, based on the concept explained in FIG. 1. Social power sharing 200 may work with any mobile device that has WI-FI, BLUETOOTH or both) as a built-in hardware, and may also include the receiver 106 described in FIG. 1.
The method for social power sharing 200 may start by downloading and installing an App 202 in the mobile device that is desired to either share or receive power. App 202 may be developed to be compatible with any operating system for mobile devices available in the market. After installing App 202, the user of the mobile device may need to setup a group of sharing policies 204 in which a set of constraints may be defined. Within the set of constraints, the user may first need to grant permission to app 202 by digitally signing an agreement where the user allows full control of the built-in hardware of the mobile device needed for social power sharing 200. After granting full control of the hardware needed, the user may also need to establish the working parameters for sharing its mobile device's power. The working parameters may include, but are not limited to, the minimum charge needed to start sharing, for example the user may define a minimum charge of 80% of its battery to start sharing power. Another parameter may be the amount of charge that the user desires to share, for example the user may only wish to share 5% of its battery with others. Furthermore, the user may also define the timing for sharing, for example the user may define that the mobile device may only share power if the mobile device is idle.
After setting up the sharing policies 204, app 202 may connect to a power sharing community 206. The connection may be established through any suitable network by either using WI-FI or BLUETOOTH. In one embodiment, App 202 may need to be connected to the internet to download additional information from other users. In other embodiments, an internet connection may not be required. Once the mobile device is connected to the power sharing community 206, app 202 may start scanning for peers 208 within the area. Peers 208 may be all users that may have already connected their mobile devices to power sharing community 206, and that may also be waiting to share or receive power. When scanning for peers 208 is finished, app 202 may proceed to check the device's battery status 210 to determine if the mobile device is ready for sharing 212 or not. App 202 may then compare the actual battery status 210 with the constraints previously defined. For example, if the actual battery status 210 is 80% and the constraint was defined to allow power sharing only if the battery status is equal or greater than 80%, then app 202 will subsequently enable the mobile device to start sharing power, however another set of policies 214, previously defined, may be applied. If the battery status 210 is below 80%, then app 202 may be configured to send a power request message 216 to power sharing community 206. The mobile device may then receive power 218, recharge and then go back to check battery status 210.
Following the process, once all the sharing policies 214 are applied, app 202 may join other peers ready for sharing power 220. Social power sharing 200 may employ a great number of mobile devices connected and synced together so as to send pockets of energy 108 to a single mobile device. Since the transmission may be for low power, app 202 may utilize at least a hundred mobile devices coordinated and aligned so as to focus all RF waves on a single device to create a pocket of energy with enough power to charge it. If the number of peers connected to power sharing community 206 is enough for sharing 222, then the mobile device may start to transmit power 224 to a targeted mobile device. If the number of peers is not enough, then app 202 may set the mobile device in a standby mode in order to wait for more peers 226 until the number of peers is enough to start transmitting power. In some embodiments, app 202 can decide to provide power even though the number of peers may not be sufficient for a fast charge, and may therefore issue a warning to the user requesting power.
App 202 may constantly check within all peers how much power is being transmitted. When target's charging is completed 228, app 202 may end power transmission 230 and return to check device's battery status 210. If the target is not yet completed, app 202 may continue transmitting power to the targeted mobile device. As long as app 202 is running in the background, the process may run indefinitely or until the mobile device goes out of range.
FIG. 3 shows an example situation where social power sharing 200 may be applied. In this embodiment, a crowded train station 300 is disclosed. Train station 300 may be a place where many people, having multiple mobile devices, may be found. People may spend a great deal of time waiting for the train that will take them to their destination, and in many occasions people may need to use their mobile devices to do multiple tasks such as check emails, make phone calls, browse the internet, or anything their mobile device may be able to do. The latter may be a reason for applying social power sharing 200.
In FIG. 3, a group of people is shown, each person may have a mobile device 302 which may already include a built-in WI-FI or BLUETOOTH module which could be used as a transmitter, similar to transmitter 102 described in FIG. 1. Also, each mobile device 302 may also include a receiver 106, either attached or embedded to it. Furthermore, each mobile device 302 may also have installed and configured app 202 in its operating system, as the one described in FIG. 2.
In this embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a user 304 receiving power from all the people that have accepted a request for sharing their power. Also FIG. 3 shows controlled RF waves 306 being transmitted from each mobile device 302 and aimed to user 304. In this embodiment, all the people having mobile device 302 may have already accepted to share at least 5% of their battery charge in order to help user 304 to charge its mobile device 302 faster. App 202, as described in FIG. 2, may be responsible for controlling and coordinating social power sharing 200 within all users, including pocket-forming.
EXAMPLES
In example #1 a user may be found at a crowded bus station where he or she may have a smartphone which battery is almost empty. At the bus station, the user may then follow the method social power sharing 200, described in FIG. 2, to request power from other users or peers within the area. The user may then connect his or her smartphone to power sharing community 206, using app 202, and send a power request. If the number of users connected to power sharing community 206 in app 202 is at least 100, then the user may start receiving power for a certain amount of time to charge his or her phone up to a point that allows the smartphone to have power for a few more hours.
In example #2 a user may be found at a crowded airport where he or she may have a tablet which battery is full of charge. At the airport, other users, having multiple mobile devices, may also be found. The user may then decide to share his or her tablet's battery charge with others by following the method social power sharing 200, described in FIG. 2. The user may then connect his or her tablet to power sharing community 206, using app 202, and join other users or peers ready for sharing power. If the number of users connected to power sharing community 206 is at least 100, then the user may start transmitting power for a certain amount of time to charge the user's mobile device that may have request for power and allow the mobile device to have power few more hours.
In example #3 users may configure app 202 in their mobile devices to charge money for their power. In other words, a user may join a network where you can purchase or sell a certain amount of power to others. This latter modality may work for users that usually carry extra batteries and want to find a way to make some extra money.
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments may be contemplated. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.

## Claims

1. A method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces, comprising:
executing a power sharing application that is stored in a memory of a mobile electronic device associated with a first user;
networking the mobile electronic device using the power sharing application with a power sharing network that includes a plurality of additional mobile electronic devices, wherein each respective additional mobile electronic device of the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices is associated with a respective user distinct from the first user;
determining, by the mobile electronic device, that a charge level of the mobile electronic device satisfies a threshold charge level defined in the power sharing application;
upon determining that the charge level of the mobile electronic device satisfies the threshold charge level, determining, by the mobile electronic device, whether the power sharing network includes a sufficient number of additional mobile electronic devices to start wirelessly transmitting RF power waves to a target electronic device that is connected to the power sharing network; and
upon determining that the power sharing network includes the sufficient number of additional mobile electronic devices to start wirelessly transmitting RF power waves to the target electronic device, transmitting, via a transmitter of the mobile electronic device, RF power waves that constructively interfere proximate to the target electronic device with additional RF power waves transmitted by at least a set of the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices.

2. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 1, wherein the transmitter of the mobile electronic device includes two or more antennas that are used to transmit the RF power waves.

3. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 1, wherein the power sharing application that is executing on the mobile electronic device allows the first user to set predetermined parameters for sharing or receiving power with or from other mobile devices that are in the power sharing network.

4. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 3, wherein the predetermined parameters include the threshold charge level and an amount of power that will be shared by the mobile electronic device with another mobile device in the power sharing network.

5. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 1, further comprising, broadcasting communication signals via antenna elements in the transmitter to the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices, wherein the communication signals are used to establish a path or channel for transmission of RF power waves to the target electronic device.

6. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 5, wherein the communication signals are transmitted using wireless communication protocols including Bluetooth, ZigBee, or FM radio.

7. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 1, wherein the transmitter of the mobile electronic device includes at least two antennas, a radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit, and a battery connected to a microcontroller that controls the RF integrated circuit, and
the method further comprises, adjusting, via the RF integrated circuit and the microcontroller, the at least two antennas to direct RF power waves to constructively interfere with the additional RF power waves proximate to the target electronic device.

8. The method for wirelessly sharing power between mobile electronic devices in public or other spaces of claim 1, wherein the target electronic device receives power from the mobile electronic device and the set of the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices until charging of the target electronic device is completed.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising, upon determining that the charge level of the mobile electronic device does not satisfy the threshold charge level, requesting power from other mobile electronic devices in the power sharing network.

10. The method of claim 1, further comprising, upon determining that the power sharing network does not include the sufficient number of additional mobile electronic devices, placing the mobile electronic device in a standby transmission mode until the sufficient number is satisfied.

11. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
while transmitting RF power waves, determining, by the mobile electronic device, that an amount of power shared by the mobile electronic device with the target electronic device satisfies a charge sharing threshold defined in the power sharing application; and
upon determining that the charge sharing threshold of the mobile electronic device is satisfied, ceasing transmission of RF power waves to the target electronic device.

12. A mobile electronic device, comprising:
a transmitter;
one or more processors; and
memory storing executable instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the mobile electronic device to:
execute a power sharing application that is stored in the memory of the mobile electronic device, wherein the mobile electronic device is associated with a first user;
network the mobile electronic device using the power sharing application with the power sharing network that includes a plurality of additional mobile electronic devices, wherein each respective additional mobile electronic device of the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices is associated with a respective user distinct from the first user;
determine that a charge level of the mobile electronic device satisfies a threshold charge level defined in the power sharing application;
upon determining that the charge level of the mobile electronic device satisfies the threshold charge level, determine whether the power sharing network includes a sufficient number of additional mobile electronic devices to start wirelessly transmitting RF power waves to a target electronic device that is connected to the power sharing network; and
upon determining that the power sharing network includes the sufficient number of additional mobile electronic devices to start wirelessly transmitting RF power waves to the target electronic device, transmit, via the transmitter, RF power waves that constructively interfere proximate to the target electronic device with additional RF power waves transmitted by at least a set of the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices.

13. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the executable instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the mobile electronic device to:
upon determining that the charge level of the mobile electronic device does not satisfy the threshold charge level, request power from other mobile electronic devices in the power sharing network.

14. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the executable instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the mobile electronic device to:
upon determining that the power sharing network does not include the sufficient number of additional mobile electronic devices, place the mobile electronic device in a standby transmission mode until the sufficient number is satisfied.

15. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the executable instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the mobile electronic device to:
while transmitting RF power waves, determine that an amount of power shared by the mobile electronic device with the target electronic device satisfies a charge sharing threshold defined in the power sharing application; and
upon determining that the charge sharing threshold of the mobile electronic device is satisfied, cease transmission of RF power waves to the target electronic device.

16. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the transmitter of the mobile electronic device includes two or more antennas that are used to transmit the RF power waves.

17. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the power sharing application that is executing on the mobile electronic device allows the first user to set predetermined parameters for sharing or receiving power with or from other mobile devices that are in the power sharing network.

18. The mobile electronic device of claim 17, wherein the predetermined parameters include the threshold charge level and an amount of power that will be shared by the mobile electronic device with another mobile device in the power sharing network.

19. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the executable instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the mobile electronic device to:
broadcast communication signals via antenna elements in the transmitter to the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices, wherein the communication signals are used to establish a path or channel for transmission of RF power waves to the target electronic device.

20. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the transmitter of the mobile electronic device includes at least two antennas, a radio frequency (RF) integrated circuit, and a battery connected to a microcontroller that controls the RF integrated circuit; and
the executable instructions, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the mobile electronic device to: adjust, via the RF integrated circuit and the microcontroller, the at least two antennas to direct RF power waves to constructively interfere with the additional RF power waves proximate to the target electronic device.

21. The mobile electronic device of claim 12, wherein the target electronic device receives power from the mobile electronic device and the set of the plurality of additional mobile electronic devices until charging of the target electronic device is completed.