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[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4759 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4759

      To establish the United States-India Clean Energy and Power 
  Transmission Partnership to facilitate renewable energy cooperation 
with India, to enhance cooperation with India on climate resilience and 
                  adaptation, and for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

           September 30 (legislative day, September 29), 2020

 Mr. Menendez introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
      To establish the United States-India Clean Energy and Power 
  Transmission Partnership to facilitate renewable energy cooperation 
with India, to enhance cooperation with India on climate resilience and 
                  adaptation, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Prioritizing Clean 
Energy and Climate Cooperation with India Act of 2020''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
   TITLE I--UNITED STATES-INDIA CLEAN ENERGY AND POWER TRANSMISSION 
                              PARTNERSHIP

Sec. 101. Sense of Congress on clean energy cooperation with India.
Sec. 102. Statement of policy.
Sec. 103. Establishment of United States-India Clean Energy and Power 
                            Transmission Partnership.
Sec. 104. Strategy for implementation of the Clean Energy and Power 
                            Transmission Partnership.
Sec. 105. Partnerships for cooperation on research and innovation for 
                            clean energy technologies and expanded 
                            power transmission and distribution.
Sec. 106. Initiatives for promoting clean energy technology financing 
                            in India.
Sec. 107. Initiatives for technical assistance for grid improvement and 
                            energy efficiency in India.
Sec. 108. Initiatives for generation of new renewable energy in India.
                  TITLE II--OTHER COOPERATION MATTERS

Sec. 201. United States-India climate change risk reduction and 
                            resilience cooperation.
Sec. 202. Report on United States participation in Mission Innovation.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) India is the second most populous country in the world 
        with a population of approximately 1,334,000,000 people and the 
        fifth largest economy in the world with a nominal gross 
        domestic product of $2,940,000,000,000.
            (2) India is among the countries most vulnerable to climate 
        change, with hundreds of millions of people susceptible to 
        events exacerbated by climate change, such as the spread of 
        infectious diseases, sea level rise and extreme flooding, 
        droughts, storms, and landslides triggered by extreme weather.
            (3) India releases approximately 2,500,000,000 tons (carbon 
        dioxide equivalent) in greenhouse gases annually, making it the 
        third largest greenhouse gas emitter after China and the United 
        States. India ranks seventh in the world in cumulative 
        historical emissions and is the twelfth largest greenhouse gas 
        emitter per capita.
            (4) India has one of the largest energy markets in the 
        world, and energy capacity in India has increased by 17.5 
        percent in 5 years to 365 gigawatts of installed electricity 
        capacity.
            (5) Per capita energy consumption in India is relatively 
        low among emerging economic powers.
            (6) Reliable access to power is crucial for the storage of 
        vaccines and antiretroviral and other lifesaving medical drugs, 
        as well as for the operation of modern lifesaving medical 
        equipment.
            (7) Access to power can also provide improved information 
        and communication technologies that can greatly improve health 
        and education outcomes, as well as economic and commercial 
        opportunities.
            (8) In 2000, only 43 percent of the population of India had 
        access to power. That percentage has more than doubled in the 
        last 20 years, with approximately 700,000,000 people in India 
        gaining access to electricity between 2000 and 2018.
            (9) Prime Minister Narendra Modi has prioritized improving 
        citizen access to electricity and electrifying every household 
        in India.
            (10) The Power for All initiative of the Government of 
        India aims to provide electricity to all households in India 24 
        hours a day, 7 days a week.
            (11) Providing around-the-clock electricity will require 
        India to double its electricity output by 2030 at an estimated 
        cost of $250,000,000,000, which will create more than 
        $30,000,000,000 in investment opportunities.
            (12) As of August 2020, coal makes up the largest domestic 
        source of energy supply and electricity generation for India. 
        Renewable energy comprises approximately 35 percent of energy 
        generation in India.
            (13) India imports 80 percent of its oil needs, and that 
        amount is projected to increase in the coming decades due to 
        aging oil fields and a lack of new oil discoveries in India. 
        India is increasing its oil refining capacity to maintain 
        supply to meet the rising demand for energy.
            (14) India is projected to surpass the People's Republic of 
        China in oil consumption by 2030.
            (15) On September 22, 2020, the People's Republic of China 
        announced a pledge to achieve net zero carbon emissions by 2060 
        in its updated Nationally Determined Contribution to the Paris 
        Agreement, done at Paris December 12, 2015, but given the need 
        to accelerate the reduction of global emissions along a 2050 
        timeline, that pledge is proportionally insufficient to avoid 
        an increase of 2 degrees Celsius in the global average 
        temperature.
            (16) India, in contrast, is demonstrating that energy 
        security is a priority through concrete steps including 
        creating a unified national power system and incorporating 
        varied forms of renewable energy to diversify its power 
        sources.
            (17) India's unconditional emissions target, as outlined in 
        the Intended Nationally Determined Contribution of India to the 
        Paris Agreement, aims to reduce carbon emissions in India by 33 
        percent to 35 percent below 2005 levels by 2030.
            (18) In its Intended Nationally Determined Contribution, 
        India set a goal of generating 175 gigawatts of renewable 
        energy by 2022, which India aimed to achieve by generating 100 
        gigawatts of solar energy, 60 gigawatts of wind energy, and 15 
        gigawatts of energy from other sources such as biomass and 
        small hydro.
            (19) India has pledged to increase the share of its 
        installed electricity capacity that comes from non-fossil fuel 
        sources to 40 percent by 2030.
            (20) India is among the top 5 clean energy producers 
        globally. Installed electricity capacity from renewables in 
        India grew by 144 percent from 2014 to 2020, and between 2014 
        and 2019 there was approximately $42,000,000,000 in investment 
        in the renewable energy sector in India.
            (21) Numerous global funds, private equity firms, and 
        multilateral finance institutions are continuing to invest 
        billions of dollars in the growing renewable energy sector in 
        India.
            (22) India plays a critical leadership role in Mission 
        Innovation, a global initiative in which the United States 
        participates that has the goal of accelerating the pace of 
        clean energy innovation to achieve performance breakthroughs 
        and cost reductions that will enable the provision of 
        affordable and reliable clean energy solutions.
            (23) India leads the International Solar Alliance, an 86-
        country initiative to mobilize $1,000,000,000,000 in solar 
        energy investment by 2030, to which the United States does not 
        belong.
            (24) Increased ownership of appliances and cooling needs 
        could lead to a doubling or even tripling of energy use in 
        India by 2040. One billion air conditioning units are expected 
        to be in use in India by 2050.
            (25) Under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on 
        Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, done at Montreal 
        September 16, 1987, India has agreed to freeze its 
        manufacturing and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons in 2028.
            (26) In 2009, the United States and India established a 
        formal energy cooperation dialogue, the United States-India 
        Energy Dialogue, which included the Partnership to Advance 
        Clean Energy initiative focusing on research into, deployment 
        of, and access to clean energy.
            (27) The Partnership to Advance Clean Energy Research 
        element of the Partnership to Advance Clean Energy initiative, 
        commonly referred to as ``PACE-R'', consists of research 
        consortia under the Joint Clean Energy Research and Development 
        Center launched in 2010 by the Department of Energy and the 
        Government of India with support from the private sector. PACE-
        R has focused on solar power, advanced biofuels, energy 
        efficiency, and smart grids and energy storage.
            (28) The Partnership to Advance Clean Energy Deployment 
        element of the Partnership to Advance Clean Energy initiative, 
        commonly referred to as ``PACE-D'', funds programs to improve 
        energy efficiency, grid connectivity, clean energy finance, and 
        more.
            (29) The Partnership to Advance Clean Energy Access element 
        of the Partnership to Advance Clean Energy initiative, commonly 
        referred to as ``PEACE'', has focused on finance and technology 
        innovation, skills development, and ecosystem strengthening for 
        clean energy.
            (30) In 2018, the United States Government established the 
        Asia Enhancing Development and Growth through Energy 
        initiative, commonly referred to as ``Asia EDGE'', to support 
        sustainable and secure energy markets throughout the Indo-
        Pacific. Asia EDGE integrates elements of the Partnership to 
        Advance Clean Energy initiative along with new programs such as 
        the South Asia Group for Energy.
            (31) In 2018, the Governments of India and the United 
        States established the U.S.-India Strategic Energy Partnership, 
        which includes pillars of cooperation on renewable energy and 
        sustainable growth.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the 
        Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
        Development.
            (2) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
                Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
                Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (3) Clean energy technologies.--The term ``clean energy 
        technologies'' means any process or product, or system of 
        processes or products, that--
                    (A) is applied at any stage of the energy cycle, 
                including production, transmission, and consumption; 
                and
                    (B) generates, contributes to the generation of, or 
                transmits energy that--
                            (i) produces zero greenhouse emissions; or
                            (ii) significantly mitigates or captures 
                        greenhouse gas emissions from existing power 
                        production.
            (4) Climate security.--The term ``climate security'' means 
        accounting for and guarding against the challenges and harms 
        that are scientifically attributable to the effects of climate 
        change on--
                    (A) United States national security and 
                subnational, national, and regional political 
                stability; and
                    (B) overseas security and conflict situations that 
                are potentially exacerbated by dynamic environmental 
                factors and events, including--
                            (i) the intensification and frequency of 
                        droughts, floods, wildfires, tropical storms, 
                        and other extreme weather events;
                            (ii) changes in historical severe weather, 
                        drought, and wildfire patterns;
                            (iii) the expansion of geographical ranges 
                        of droughts, floods, and wildfires into regions 
                        that had not regularly experienced such 
                        phenomena;
                            (iv) global sea level rise patterns and the 
                        expansion of geographical ranges affected by 
                        drought; and
                            (v) changes in marine environments that 
                        affect critical geostrategic waterways, such as 
                        the Arctic Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, the Indian 
                        Ocean, the South China Sea, the South Pacific 
                        Ocean, the Barents Sea, and the Beaufort Sea.
            (5) Secretary.--Except as otherwise specifically provided, 
        the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of State.

   TITLE I--UNITED STATES-INDIA CLEAN ENERGY AND POWER TRANSMISSION 
                              PARTNERSHIP

SEC. 101. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON CLEAN ENERGY COOPERATION WITH INDIA.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) robust cooperation on the development and deployment of 
        clean energy technologies should be a priority in relations 
        between the United States and India and the top priority in the 
        countries' energy diplomacy;
            (2) the collaboration of the United States and India on the 
        development and deployment of clean energy technologies has 
        resulted in innovative new technologies that have helped 
        significantly lower the carbon emissions of the power sector in 
        India;
            (3) demand for energy in India will increase with the 
        expansion of the economy and middle class of India, and it is 
        in the interest of United States national security and global 
        security for the United States to support India in growing the 
        energy sector of India in environmentally and socially 
        responsible ways that mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and 
        improve the climate security of India;
            (4) the United States and India should continue 
        collaborating on research and development of new clean energy 
        technologies, as well as deployment of those technologies, so 
        people across India can access power generated from clean 
        energy technologies;
            (5) the United States, through the Bureau of Energy 
        Resources of the Department of State, the United States 
        International Development Finance Corporation, the Department 
        of Energy, the Export-Import Bank of the United States, the 
        International Trade Administration, and the United States 
        Agency for International Development, should encourage private 
        sector investment in and financing for the development and 
        deployment of clean energy technologies in India;
            (6) the United States should support the Power for All 
        initiative created by the Government of India through technical 
        and other forms of assistance;
            (7) the United States should support the ambitious 
        renewable energy generation goals set by the Government of 
        India through technical and other forms of assistance;
            (8) Mission Innovation, in which India plays a critical 
        leadership role, represents an unmatched opportunity to make 
        clean energy technologies more affordable and accessible by 
        increasing funding for clean energy innovation;
            (9) the United States should increase its participation in 
        and contributions to Mission Innovation;
            (10) the International Solar Alliance led by India will 
        play a key role in mobilizing significant international 
        investment in solar energy;
            (11) the United States should join and contribute to the 
        International Solar Alliance led by India;
            (12) India has implemented several new policies to promote 
        the production and use of electric vehicles in India;
            (13) the United States should promote research, 
        development, and private sector cooperation on the production 
        of electric vehicles and the planning and execution of an 
        expansive charging station network to support extensive use of 
        electric vehicles;
            (14) increased demand for refrigeration and air 
        conditioning in India, and the adoption of the Kigali Amendment 
        to the Montreal Protocol, done at Montreal September 16, 1987, 
        are driving innovation and investments in next-generation 
        refrigeration equipment and refrigerants in India; and
            (15) enhanced United States-India bilateral cooperation and 
        engagement on the development of technologies and chemicals 
        that are compliant with the Kigali Amendment are in the 
        interest of United States industry leaders in the refrigeration 
        and chemical coolant industries.

SEC. 102. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States to increase engagement and 
cooperation with the Government of India, the Indian diaspora community 
in the United States, and the private sector and civil society in both 
the United States and India in a concerted effort--
            (1) to support the ambitious goals of India--
                    (A) to expand renewable energy production in India;
                    (B) to improve access of the general population to 
                electricity; and
                    (C) to provide reliable, around-the-clock power 
                service to all communities;
            (2) to help improve the energy security of India and 
        decrease the dependence of India on imported fossil fuels;
            (3) to foster innovation through academic and research 
        partnerships and mutually beneficial arrangements relating to 
        technology transfers and protection of intellectual property;
            (4) to facilitate United States private sector investment 
        in projects to expand power transmission and distribution 
        capacity and territorial coverage in India to increase the 
        number of people, households, and communities with access to 
        power;
            (5) to provide technical assistance and advice as 
        appropriate, and solely at the request and with the consent of 
        the relevant national and local authorities and stakeholders, 
        on--
                    (A) reforms of power production, delivery, and 
                pricing;
                    (B) reducing aggregate technical and commercial 
                energy losses in India's energy transmission and 
                distribution systems;
                    (C) regulatory reforms; and
                    (D) long-term, market-based power generation and 
                distribution;
            (6) to support efforts to lower India's greenhouse gas 
        emissions by promoting United States private investment in--
                    (A) renewable energy production;
                    (B) electric vehicle technology;
                    (C) measures to improve the efficiency of existing 
                electricity generation units; and
                    (D) electricity transmission projects to improve--
                            (i) the affordability of electricity;
                            (ii) grid reliability;
                            (iii) the number of citizens and households 
                        with access to electricity;
                            (iv) rural electrification; and
                            (v) electric vehicle charging 
                        infrastructure;
            (7) to improve the climate security of India and reduce 
        vulnerability to the effects of climate change, with an 
        emphasis on protecting the health and safety of the most 
        vulnerable and underserved communities in India; and
            (8) to strengthen India's resilience capacities that ensure 
        people, households, communities, institutions, and systems can 
        assess, anticipate, prevent, adapt to, cope with, and recover 
        from shocks and stresses associated with the effects of climate 
        change.

SEC. 103. ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES-INDIA CLEAN ENERGY AND POWER 
              TRANSMISSION PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this title is--
            (1) to advance cooperation between the United States and 
        India on, and private sector engagement and investment in, the 
        development and deployment of clean energy technologies;
            (2) to improve power transmission reliability and grid 
        capacity in India; and
            (3) to enhance citizen access to electricity across India.
    (b) United States-India Clean Energy and Power Transmission 
Partnership.--The purposes described in subsection (a) shall be 
advanced through the development and execution of bilateral initiatives 
under an initiative to be known as the ``United States-India Clean 
Energy and Power Transmission Partnership'' (in this title referred to 
as the ``Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership'').
    (c) Functions.--The Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership 
shall serve as--
            (1) the primary forum for cooperation between the United 
        States and India on clean energy technologies and energy 
        transmission; and
            (2) the mechanism through which such cooperation is funded.

SEC. 104. STRATEGY FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CLEAN ENERGY AND POWER 
              TRANSMISSION PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 120 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Administrator and the Secretary, in 
coordination with the Secretary of Energy, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive, integrated, 
multi-year strategy for implementing the Clean Energy and Power 
Transmission Partnership.
    (b) Flexibility and Responsiveness.--The strategy required by 
subsection (a) shall maintain sufficient flexibility and responsiveness 
to technological innovation in the power sector of India.
    (c) Elements.--The strategy required by subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) a general description, developed in collaboration with 
        the Government of India and local and regional authorities in 
        India, of the goals and ongoing efforts in India--
                    (A) to increase power production;
                    (B) to build and maintain resilient electrical 
                transmission and distribution infrastructure;
                    (C) to expand electrical transmission and 
                distribution infrastructure in order to provide 
                equitable household and community access to 
                electricity;
                    (D) to implement regulatory reform, regional 
                interoperability, and transparent and accountable 
                governance and oversight;
                    (E) to strengthen the reliability and regional 
                interoperability of the electrical grid; and
                    (F) for electricity service providers--
                            (i) to provide affordable and reliable 
                        power;
                            (ii) to reduce technical and nontechnical 
                        losses;
                            (iii) to collect fees for services; and
                            (iv) to expand service to underserved 
                        communities;
            (2) an assessment of how the initiatives included in the 
        Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership will support 
        achievement of the clean energy and expanded energy access 
        goals of India, including--
                    (A) an analysis of the state of distributed 
                renewable energy in India;
                    (B) a description of market barriers to the 
                deployment of clean energy technologies, including 
                distributed renewable energy technologies both on- and 
                off-grid in India;
                    (C) an analysis of the efficacy of efforts by the 
                Department of State, the United States Trade 
                Representative, the United States International 
                Development Finance Corporation, and the United States 
                Agency for International Development to facilitate the 
                financing of the importation, distribution, sale, 
                leasing, and marketing of clean energy technologies in 
                India; and
                    (D) a description of how bolstering distributed 
                renewable energy can enhance the overall effort to 
                increase power access in India;
            (3) a description of existing programs or initiatives 
        that--
                    (A) meet the requirements for initiatives under 
                sections 105 through 108; and
                    (B) can be integrated into the Clean Energy and 
                Power Transmission Partnership;
            (4) a list of programs that exist as of the date of the 
        submittal of the strategy that will be integrated into the 
        Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership;
            (5) recommendations on the establishment of any new 
        programs to meet the requirements for initiatives under 
        sections 105 through 108; and
            (6) a plan describing which parts of the United States 
        Government shall serve as the lead for which components of the 
        Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership.

SEC. 105. PARTNERSHIPS FOR COOPERATION ON RESEARCH AND INNOVATION FOR 
              CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND EXPANDED POWER TRANSMISSION 
              AND DISTRIBUTION.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is--
            (1) to promote and accelerate the pace of innovation and 
        deployment of clean energy technologies; and
            (2) to expand community and household access to power in 
        India.
    (b) Research and Development Partnerships.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the 
        Secretary of Energy and the Administrator and only with the 
        cooperation of the Government of India, shall promote 
        partnerships between entities in the United States and India on 
        research, development, demonstration, and commercial 
        application of clean energy technologies as part of the Clean 
        Energy and Power Transmission Partnership.
            (2) Exchanges; sharing.--The partnerships described in 
        paragraph (1) shall include--
                    (A) exchanges between United States clean energy 
                university centers of excellence designated under 
                paragraph (4) and institutions of higher education in 
                India described in paragraph (5);
                    (B) exchanges between research laboratories of the 
                Government of the United States and the Government of 
                India; and
                    (C) lawful sharing of intellectual property between 
                the United States and India, including between private 
                sector entities in the two countries, with respect to--
                            (i) renewable energy technology;
                            (ii) air conditioning technology; and
                            (iii) refrigeration systems technology.
            (3) Functions.--United States clean energy university 
        centers of excellence designated under paragraph (4) and 
        research laboratories of the Government of the United States, 
        in collaboration with their respective partner institutions of 
        higher education in India under paragraph (5) and research 
        laboratories of the Government of India, shall be responsible 
        for--
                    (A) assessing different potential technological, 
                development, policy, and technical solutions to address 
                existing and emerging energy production and 
                transmission capacity constraints in India;
                    (B) facilitating engagements between energy 
                authorities in India and private sector clean energy 
                technology suppliers and project developers that could 
                provide solutions to energy capacity challenges;
                    (C) ensuring that local stakeholders and host 
                communities in India where projects are being developed 
                are adequately engaged and given due consideration in 
                the development of energy projects supported by the 
                partnership;
                    (D) arranging for the appropriate and lawful 
                sharing of prototyping, technology transfer activities, 
                and production facilities for clean energy 
                technologies, including assistance to clean energy 
                technology start-up ventures;
                    (E) promoting job training opportunities in the 
                deployment and operation of clean energy technologies 
                and energy transmission; and
                    (F) performing such other duties and providing such 
                reports as the Secretary may require.
            (4) United states clean energy university centers of 
        excellence.--
                    (A) Designation.--The Secretary, in coordination 
                with the Secretary of Energy, shall designate up to 10 
                institutions of higher education in the United States, 
                to be known as ``United States clean energy university 
                centers of excellence'', to participate in partnerships 
                under this section.
                    (B) Eligibility.--To be eligible for designation as 
                a United States clean energy university center of 
                excellence under subparagraph (A), an institution of 
                higher education shall be an organization that is 
                described in section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue 
                Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under section 
                501(a) of that Code.
                    (C) Application.--An institution of higher 
                education seeking designation as a United States clean 
                energy university center of excellence under this 
                section shall submit an application to the Secretary 
                containing, at a minimum, the following:
                            (i) A description of all entities within 
                        the institution that would comprise the United 
                        States clean energy university center of 
                        excellence (in this subparagraph referred to as 
                        ``component entities'').
                            (ii) Any appropriate information on the 
                        qualifications of individuals in key management 
                        positions in the institution and the component 
                        entities.
                            (iii) A full description of the governance 
                        structure and management processes of the 
                        institution and the component entities, 
                        including a conflict of interest policy.
                            (iv) A description of the policies and 
                        procedures of the institution and the component 
                        entities for managing new intellectual property 
                        created by a partnership under this section.
                            (v) A description of how the institution 
                        would carry out the functions described in 
                        paragraph (3).
                            (vi) Recommendations on--
                                    (I) the scope of work for the 
                                initial year of activities of the 
                                institution under the Clean Energy and 
                                Power Transmission Partnership; and
                                    (II) focuses for future 
                                programming.
                    (D) Selection process.--The Secretary, in 
                coordination with the Secretary of Energy, shall select 
                institutions of higher education for designation as 
                United States clean energy university centers of 
                excellence under this section through an open and 
                competitive process.
                    (E) Selection criteria.--The Secretary, in 
                coordination with the Secretary of Energy, shall 
                establish criteria for selecting institutions of higher 
                education for designation as United States clean energy 
                university centers of excellence under this section 
                based on--
                            (i) an evaluation of--
                                    (I) the strength of the governance 
                                structure of the institution and the 
                                component entities;
                                    (II) the expertise and experience 
                                of key research management and academic 
                                personnel of the institution;
                                    (III) the demonstrated knowledge of 
                                the institution with respect to--
                                            (aa) energy markets in 
                                        India;
                                            (bb) regulatory frameworks 
                                        and energy policies in India;
                                            (cc) power service 
                                        providers in India;
                                            (dd) applied energy 
                                        technologies in India; and
                                            (ee) energy challenges, 
                                        including capacity constraints, 
                                        in India; and
                                    (IV) the capability of the 
                                institution to conduct regional energy 
                                market analyses and assessments of the 
                                practicality of applying various clean 
                                energy technologies to address various 
                                energy challenges in India;
                            (ii) commitments of co-funding from non-
                        Federal sources;
                            (iii) the capability of the institution to 
                        attract matching funds from both non-Federal 
                        and nongovernmental sources for follow-on 
                        investments in widespread application of 
                        successful projects; and
                            (iv) the capability and experience of the 
                        institution in managing technology transfer 
                        programs.
                    (F) Selection priority.--The Secretary, in 
                coordination with the Secretary of Energy, shall select 
                institutions of higher education for designation as 
                United States clean energy university centers of 
                excellence under this section in a manner that 
                represents the geographic diversity of the United 
                States.
            (5) Partner institutions in india.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary, in collaboration 
                with the appropriate ministries of the Government of 
                India, shall support the establishment of partnerships 
                between United States clean energy university centers 
                of excellence designated under this section and 
                institutions of higher education in India.
                    (B) Eligibility and selection.--The Secretary shall 
                encourage the Government of India to select 
                institutions described in subparagraph (A) for 
                participation in partnerships under this section based 
                on criteria similar to the criteria for eligibility and 
                selection of United States clean energy university 
                centers of excellence described in paragraph (4).
                    (C) Pairing.--The Secretary, in collaboration with 
                the relevant ministries of the Government of India, 
                shall pair selected United States clean energy 
                university centers of excellence designated under this 
                section and institutions of higher education in India 
                according to the strength and similarities of the 
                respective applications.
            (6) Private sector involvement.--United States clean energy 
        university centers of excellence participating in partnerships 
        under this section are encouraged to, in collaboration with 
        their respective partner institutions of higher education in 
        India under paragraph (5)--
                    (A) collaborate with private sector energy and 
                technology companies; and
                    (B) identify private sector entities that will 
                contribute resources to the initiatives and projects 
                developed through partnerships under this section.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025 for the 
        Joint Clean Energy Research and Development Center established 
        by the Department of Energy and the Government of India.
            (2) Use of funds.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated 
        under paragraph (1) may be used only for renewable energy 
        projects.
    (d) Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership.--All 
initiatives established or continued under the authorities of this 
section shall be part of the Clean Energy and Power Transmission 
Partnership.

SEC. 106. INITIATIVES FOR PROMOTING CLEAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY FINANCING 
              IN INDIA.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary, in consultation with the Chief 
Executive Officer of the United States International Development 
Finance Corporation and the Administrator and only with the cooperation 
of the Government of India, shall encourage private investment by 
United States entities in the clean energy technology market in India 
through new initiatives or initiatives in existence as of the date of 
the enactment of this Act, as appropriate.
    (b) Streamlined Financing Procedures.--Not later than 180 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the United States 
International Development Finance Corporation shall, as appropriate, 
simplify and streamline the application, approval, and post-approval 
processes for insurance, financing, investment, or reinsurance for 
clean energy technology projects or subprojects in India for which the 
total support of the Corporation is less than $20,000,000--
            (1) by expediting the review and consideration of, and 
        determinations with respect to, applications for insurance, 
        financing, investment, or reinsurance, consistent with 
        investment best practices, including appropriate risk 
        management, for such projects and subprojects; and
            (2) by reducing the burdens of project management for, and 
        eliminating duplicative or unnecessary oversight of, such 
        projects and subprojects after approval of insurance, 
        financing, investment, or reinsurance for projects or 
        subprojects.
    (c) Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership.--All 
initiatives established or continued under the authorities of this 
section shall be part of the Clean Energy and Power Transmission 
Partnership.

SEC. 107. INITIATIVES FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR GRID IMPROVEMENT AND 
              ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN INDIA.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator, only with the cooperation of 
the Government of India or regional authorities within India, shall 
support initiatives, including new initiatives and initiatives in 
existence as of the date of the enactment of this Act, as appropriate, 
to provide technical assistance and expertise on electricity grid and 
energy efficiency improvements in India for the following purposes:
            (1) Expanding the electricity grid to reach all regions and 
        populations.
            (2) Developing microgrids in areas in which connection to 
        the larger electricity grid is challenging.
            (3) Increasing the integration of renewable energy into the 
        electricity grid.
            (4) Enhancing the interconnectivity of electricity grids 
        across states of India.
            (5) Boosting the storage capacity of the electricity grid.
            (6) Developing standards for clean energy technologies, 
        smart buildings, and data centers.
            (7) Increasing deployment of smart meters and other energy 
        efficiency technology.
            (8) Increasing the energy efficiency of buildings and 
        appliances.
            (9) Improving pollution controls and the efficiency of 
        fossil fuel electric generating units.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
    (c) Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership.--All 
initiatives established or continued under the authorities of this 
section shall be part of the Clean Energy and Power Transmission 
Partnership.

SEC. 108. INITIATIVES FOR GENERATION OF NEW RENEWABLE ENERGY IN INDIA.

    (a) In General.--The Administrator, only with the approval of the 
Government of India, shall support initiatives, including new 
initiatives and initiatives in existence as of the date of the 
enactment of this Act, as appropriate, to develop new renewable energy 
generation capacity in India.
    (b) Selection of Initiatives.--In selecting initiatives to support 
under subsection (a), the Administrator shall take into account the 
priorities of the Government of India, including the renewable energy 
generation goals established by the Intended Nationally Determined 
Contribution of India to the Paris Agreement, done at Paris December 
12, 2015.
    (c) Sources of Renewable Energy.--The initiatives supported under 
subsection (a) may include initiatives for the generation of 
electricity from the following sources:
            (1) Solar power, to include rooftop solar generation and 
        utility-scale solar generation.
            (2) Wind power, to include offshore wind power generation.
            (3) Geothermal power.
            (4) Biofuels.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There are authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.
    (e) Clean Energy and Power Transmission Partnership.--All 
initiatives established or continued under the authorities of this 
section shall be part of the Clean Energy and Power Transmission 
Partnership.

                  TITLE II--OTHER COOPERATION MATTERS

SEC. 201. UNITED STATES-INDIA CLIMATE CHANGE RISK REDUCTION AND 
              RESILIENCE COOPERATION.

    (a) In General.--The Government of the United States shall work 
cooperatively with the Government of India on integrating 
scientifically supported climate change risk reduction and building 
resilience capacities in India.
    (b) Priority.--Advancing the risk reduction and resilience 
capacities described in subsection (a) shall be a priority for United 
States diplomatic, security, and development programs within the United 
States mission to India.
    (c) Coordination.--The Secretary, in collaboration with the 
Administrator, shall coordinate the efforts of agencies with direct 
international development programs and investments--
            (1) to bolster resilience capacities to the effects of 
        climate change in India by supporting efforts in India to help 
        assure that climate risk assessments and security planning in 
        India adequately evaluate and account for risks and 
        vulnerabilities associated with effects of climate change using 
        best-available climate change data, forecasts, tools, and 
        information;
            (2) to use shared knowledge, data, forecasts, tools, 
        information, frameworks, and lessons learned in incorporating 
        climate change resilience programming, planning, projects, 
        investments, and related funding decisions; and
            (3) to work with civil society and local leaders, as 
        appropriate--
                    (A) to identify risks associated with the effects 
                of climate change in India; and
                    (B) to encourage and support efforts in India to 
                enhance resilience to the effects of climate change.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Agencies with direct international development programs 
        and investments.--The term ``agencies with direct international 
        development programs and investments'' means--
                    (A) the Department of State;
                    (B) the Department of Agriculture;
                    (C) the Department of the Interior;
                    (D) the United States Agency for International 
                Development;
                    (E) the Millennium Challenge Corporation;
                    (F) the United States International Development 
                Finance Corporation;
                    (G) the Trade and Development Agency; and
                    (H) other relevant agencies and entities.
            (2) Resilience.--The term ``resilience'' means the ability 
        of an individual, household, community, country, or region to 
        withstand, to adapt, and to quickly recover from shocks and 
        stresses associated with the effects of climate change.

SEC. 202. REPORT ON UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN MISSION INNOVATION.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report detailing the scope and nature of 
United States participation in Mission Innovation, including--
            (1) who has represented the United States at the third and 
        fourth Mission Innovation ministerial meetings, including the 
        agency, office, and title of the each relevant individual;
            (2) what the agenda of the United States has been at past 
        Mission Innovation ministerial meetings;
            (3) the partnerships and project collaborations the United 
        States has established or announced through Mission Innovation;
            (4) how the United States has leveraged Mission Innovation 
        to develop or foster investment in new technologies or 
        technology transfer arrangements between United States private 
        sector partners and foreign entities;
            (5) how the United States has attracted private sector 
        entities to contribute and participate in Mission Innovation;
            (6) the total amount of funding provided by the United 
        States Government to Mission Innovation each year since the 
        establishment of Mission Innovation; and
            (7) a strategic engagement plan and set of objectives for 
        delivering new energy technology innovation outcomes through 
        Mission Innovation.
    (b) Definition of Mission Innovation.--In this section, the term 
``Mission Innovation'' means the global initiative led by India that 
has the goal of accelerating the pace of clean energy innovation to 
achieve performance breakthroughs and cost reductions that will enable 
the provision of affordable and reliable clean energy solutions.
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