NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-467 

ESTIMATES OF MARINE MAMMAL AND MARINE TURTLE BYCATCH BY THE U.S. 

ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FLEET IN 1999-2000 

BY 

CYNTHIA YEUNG 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

National Marine Fisheries Service 

Southeast Fisheries Science Center 

75 Virginia Beach Drive 

Miami, FL 33149 

August 2001

NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC-467 

ESTIMATES OF MARINE MAMMAL AND MARINE TURTLE BYCATCH BY THE U.S. 

ATLANTIC PELAGIC LONGLINE FLEET IN 1999-2000 

BY 

CYNTHIA YEUNG 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Donald L. Evans, Secretary 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

Scott B. Gudes, Acting Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere 

National Marine Fisheries Service 

William T. Hogarth, Acting Assistant Administrator for Fisheries 

August 2001 

This Technical Memorandum series is used for documentation and timely communication of 

preliminary results, interim reports, or similar special-purpose information. Although the 

memoranda are not subject to complete formal review, editorial control, or detailed editing, they 

are expected to reflect sound professional work. 

 

NOTICE 
The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, recommend or endorse any 

proprietary product or material mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to 

NMFS or to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales promotion which 

would imply that NMFS approves, recommends, or endorses any proprietary product or 

proprietary material mentioned herein or which has as its purpose any intent to cause directly or 

indirectly the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this NMFS publication. 

This report should be cited as follows: 

Yeung, Cynthia. 2001. Estimates of marine mammal and marine turtle bycatch by the U.S. 

Atlantic pelagic longline fleet in 1999-2000. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-SEFSC467, 43 p. 

This report has an internal document number PRD-00/01-17. 

Copies may be obtained by writing: 

The author at 

NOAA Fisheries National Technical Information Center 

Southeast Fisheries Science Center 5285 Port Royal Road 

75 Virginia Beach Drive Springfield, Virginia 22161 

Miami, FL 33149 (800) 553-6847 or (703) 605-6000 

http://www.ntis.gov/support/ordering.htm

 

Summary 

This report presents the 1999-2000 estimates of the bycatch of marine mammals and turtles by the U.S.

Atlantic pelagic longline fleet that lands tunas and Atlantic swordfish. The information is required by NOAA

Fisheries to meet its responsibility for management of interactions between protected species and commercial

fisheries based on the level of incidental serious injury and mortality. Estimates were based on bycatch rates

from a representative sample of the fleet recorded by scientific observers, and fishing effort reported by the

fleet. Estimates were constructed using the delta-lognormal method. The basic analytical stratum for which

bycatch was estimated for each taxon was year-calendar quarter-grouped fishing area (NAREA). If a stratum

had reported effort but no observed effort, quarters, years, and finally NAREA were pooled stepwise in that

order until the number of observed sets (Nmin) ≥5 before a pooled bycatch rate was estimated for the stratum.

For marine mammals, 94 (95% CI=19, 481) pilot whales were estimated to be dead due to interaction with

pelagic longline in 1999 and 24 (5, 123) in 2000, and the number estimated to be seriously injure

1064) in 19 6, 463) in 2000. No Risso's dolphin was estimated to have died in 1999 but 23 (5,

117) were estimated to be seriously injured; in 2000, 41 (8, 210) were estimated to have died and 23 (5, 117)

seriously injured. No other species had estimated mortality, but 28 (5, 143) pygmy sperm whales as well as 19

(4, 97) unidentified whales were estimated to be seriously injured. For marine turtles, 1016 (412, 2764)

leatherbacks and 994 (512, 2093) loggerheads were estimated to be caught in pelagic longline in 1999; 769

(251, 2512) leatherbacks and 1256 (529, 3391) loggerheads were estimated to be caught in 2000. The onl

d was 291 (80,

99 and 109 (2

y

estimated mortality was for 23 (5, 117) loggerheads in 1999. 

ii
Introduction

Longline is the principal gear used to fish for tunas (Thunnus spp.) and swordfish 

(Xiphias gladius) in the U.S. North Atlantic (including the Gulf of Mexico) (Hoey and Bertolino 

1988). Non-targeted bycatch of this fishery includes protected species of marine mammals and 

turtles, which are hooked or entangled in the longline. The level of fishery-related mortality of 

these protected species has to be monitored and managed in accordance with the Marine 

Mammal Protection Act and the Endangered Species Act. The 1999-2000 estimates of marine 

mammals and turtles that were incidentally caught by the U.S. pelagic longline fishery are 

presented in this report. The 1999 estimates presented here supersede those reported earlier in 

Yeung et al. (2000) to the drafters of a Biological Opinion on the impact of the pelagic longline 

fishery on marine turtles. 

Bycatch estimates of marine mammals and turtles for 1992-1997 (Johnson et al. 1999) 

and 1998 (Yeung 1999a; b) have been published. In these previous reports, the robustness of the 

bycatch estimates from several different pooling schemes for bycatch rates were examined, from

minimal pooling (stratified estimates by year-quarter-grouped fishing area (NAREA)) to the 

highest level of pooling (within year-large fishing region (MAREA)). No bycatch estimates 

were made for strata without observer effort in these previous reports. 

In Yeung et al. (2000), bycatch estimates for 1999 were analyzed using the pooling 

scheme employed in the analysis of longline fisheries for tunas, swordfish, sharks, and billfish 

(Brown, in press). Estimates for 1992-1998 were also re-analyzed using this scheme in the same

report. The level of pooling in this scheme is determined by a criterion of a minimum number of 

observed fishing sets (Nmin=5). Quarters, years, and finally NAREA are pooled stepwise in that 

order until the number of observed sets ≥5 before a pooled bycatch rate is estimated for the 

analytical stratum of year-quarter-NAREA. This pooling scheme was used in the analysis of 

1999-2000 data for the present report. For that stratum with reported effort but no observed 

effort, this pooling scheme allows for a bycatch estimate based on observations from similar 

strata. 

Methods 

 

Data usage in this report followed Yeung et al. (2000) and differed from other previous 

reports (Johnson et al. 1999; Yeung 1999a; b) in the following respects: (1) Previously, only 

effort strictly targeting tunas or swordfish to the exclusion of other species was included; here, 

logbook effort that targeted some other species in addition to tunas or swordfish was also 

included. (2) The fishing area previously was defined by the locations where the longline was 

set out to begin fishing; here, it was defined by the location where the haul-back of the longline 

began after fishing. (3) The parts of sets that were interrupted (e.g., when the main line was 

severed) previously were defined as separate sets; here, they were combined. Data sources and 

methods of bycatch estimation remained unchanged and are only briefly recapitulated here: 

Reported and Observed Data 

1
Effort reported by the fishery was obtained from the Atlantic Large Pelagic Logbook 

database maintained by the SEFSC (Southeast Fisheries Science Center), which contains daily 

fishing effort reported by all U.S. Atlantic longline vessels landing swordfish and tunas (Cramer 

and Adams 2000). Reported effort units are individual set (gear deployment) records reporting 

at least 100 hooks fished, and which are not reported to be bottom longline sets or which 

indicates a target of tunas or swordfish, irrespective of whether other species were targeted as 

well. Reported effort (hooks and sets fished) is classified by year, calendar quarter, and fishing 

area (Figure 1). Effort missing location data are proportionally distributed among fishing areas 

based on the distribution of known set locations for the pertinent year and calendar quarter. 

Effort missing calendar quarter data within a fishing area are proportionally distributed among 

quarters based on the distribution of effort across quarters within the area. 

Observed effort and bycatch of protected species were obtained from the SEFSC 

Observer Program database (Lee and Brown 1998). These data were collected by scientific 

observers through systematic sampling on board U.S. pelagic longline vessels in the Atlantic 

permitted to land and sell swordfish. 

Not withstanding errors due to mis-reporting, fishery-reported effort from the logbook 

(reported effort) is taken as representative of the actual permitted effort expended by the U.S. 

pelagic longline fleet in the Atlantic. Observed bycatch rates are raised to the amount of 

reported effort in the logbook for estimating total bycatch. 

Geographical stratification 

The territory where the U.S. Atlantic pelagic longline fleet operates is divided into eleven 

areas (AREA), or six grouped fishing areas (NAREA), or 3 major fishing regions (MAREA) as 

follows (also see Figure 1): 

AREA NAREA MAREA

CAR=Caribbean

CAR CAR GOM=Gulf of Mexico

SAR NED=Northeast Distant 

NCA SEC=Southeast Coastal 

TUN MAB=Mid-Atlantic Bight 

TUS FEC=Florida East Coast

NED NED SAB=South Atlantic Bight 

GOM GOM GOM NEC=Northeast Coastal

FEC OFS=Offshore South

SAB SAR=Sargasso 

MAB NCA=North Central Atlantic 

NEC TUS=Tuna South 

TUN=Tuna North

US ATL=U.S. Atlantic EEZ

OTHATL=other Atlantic waters

SEC

NEC

OFS OTHATL

US ATL

In general, fishing effort is classified based on reported or observed latitude and 

longitudes. When in some cases location information is not available, fishing areas (for catch and 

effort) are assigned based on examination of neighboring sets (neighboring days of fishing on the 

2
same trip) or observer logs. Where specific locations could not be determined or extrapolated 

from neighboring days, the reported sets are proportionally assigned to fishing areas based on the 

overall distribution of the reported effort with known locations. 

Catch Estimation 

Estimates of bycatch of marine mammals and marine turtles were constructed using the 

delta-lognormal method (Pennington, 1983). Formulae and further discussion on the deltalognormal estimation method can be found in Yeung et al. (2000). The method assumes a 

lognormal distribution of the positive bycatch rate observations. Effectively, the estimates are 

constructed as a product of the proportion of successful occurrences of an event and the average 

rate at which the event occurs for those successful events. The variance is a function of the 

variability of the positive bycatch rates as well the number of successful and unsuccessful sets. 

Bycatch estimates by the basic analytical stratum of year-quarter-NAREA are assumed 

independent and as such estimated bycatch and the associated variances are summed across 

strata to produce region-wide annual estimates. This assumption may cause the actual variance 

of bycatch estimate to be underestimated. 

Treatment of strata with no observer effort 

 

In the previous reports (Johnson et al. 1999; Yeung 1999a; b), when there was no 

observer effort for a particular analytical stratum, the mean bycatch rate and the proportion of 

positive sets were not estimated. No estimate of take was made for the stratum even though the 

logbook showed that there was fishing effort. Strata with no observed effort occurred mainly in 

CAR, NED, and OFS of the "other Atlantic waters" (MAREA=OthAtl). 

 

Pooling of observed effort is necessary to obtain estimates for these empty cells with no 

observed effort. The pooling method used in this analysis was described in Yeung et al. (2000). 

It is based on the assessment method for the catch of large pelagics in the U.S. pelagic longline 

fisheries (Brown, in press). A degree of pooling of observed effort (sets) is assessed stepwise 

using a criterion of minimum number of observed sets (Nmin). A low Nmin of 5 observed sets and 

high of 30 sets were chosen arbitrarily and evaluated using 1992-1999 data in Yeung et al.

(2000). Both choices of the parameter resulted in similar estimates, but Nmin=5 is preferred 

because it would reduce the need to pool data and thus the smoothing of the effects due to the 

time-area differences. The pooling priority order of quarter, year, and NAREA was established 

according to the increasing order of variance explained attributed to the effect in a GLM: L'j = 

year + quarter + NAREA, where the catch rate (from 1992-1999, including zero catch rates) in 

the j

th observed set L'j = loge(catch/hooks + 0.00001), j = 1, 2,..., N (Yeung et al. 2000). NAREA 

was the most significant effect in the model and therefore the last to enter the pooling scheme. 

Thus, in the absence of observer data for a basic analytical stratum, observations are first 

pooled across quarters within year-NAREA to obtain a minimum of Nmin observed sets. Should 

that not suffice to meet the Nmin criterion, observations are then pooled across all quarters in all 

years (1999 and 2000 in this analysis) within NAREA. Lastly, if Nmin is still not met, 

observations are pooled across quarters in all years and all NAREAs to obtain an estimate of the 

3
bycatch rate and the proportion of positive sets for the stratum. The variance for the bycatch 

V(C) is then estimated over the pooled stratum. It would be highly unusual for the pooling of 

NAREAs to be necessary to achieve the low Nmin of 5. The extent of pooling in this analysis can 

be determined by examination of Table 3B; any cell with a number of observations less than Nmin

would require pooling according to the pooling scheme. 

Serious Injury and Mortality 

Marine mammals were classified by their condition upon return to the sea and bycatch 

estimates were produced separately for each category. The four release conditions are: (1) alive, 

(2) dead, (3) unknown, and (4) seriously injured. Seriously-injured mammals are defined as 

having sustained injury of sufficient severity to significantly increase the near-term probability 

of death of the animal (Angliss and DeMaster 1998). The "serious injury" designation is based 

on checking observer comments on the animal against fifteen criteria (Appendix I; Yeung 

1999a). Failure to take into account serious injury to an animal that might result in death after its 

release would underestimate the impact of the fishery on a species. For marine turtles only 

conditions (1)-(3) were applied. Since 1999, detailed information on the release condition of 

each marine turtle caught in the pelagic longline gear has been recorded separately in the Sea 

Turtle Life History Form (Appendix II) by observers and reviewed by the Sea Turtle Team in 

SEFSC. The category "alive" when applied to marine turtles includes "alive, injured" and "alive, 

uninjured". 

 

Results and Discussion 

Reported and observed effort (hooks and sets) by year-quarter-AREA are respectively 

summarized in Tables 1-2. Total reported effort was 7242.8 thousand hooks in 11235 sets for 

1999 and 7527.5 thousand hooks in 11307 sets in 2000 (Table 1). Total observed effort was 

291.2 thousand hooks in 420 sets for 1999 and 329.7 thousand hooks in 464 sets for 2000 (Table 

2). Table 3 provides summaries of reported and observed effort (sets) by the basic analytical 

stratum of year-quarter-NAREA. 

The few cells with no reported effort were in the OFS, NED and CAR (Table 3A). There 

were more cells with no observed effort but they also occurred in those same areas just 

mentioned (Table 3B). Incidental takes of marine mammals were very low in these areas, but 

marine turtle takes could be very high in NED (Table 4). Pooling across quarters within yearNAREA was sufficient to achieve the Nmin of 5 sets for estimating bycatch in all empty cells with 

no observed effort and in NEC 1999 quarter 2 where effort < Nmin (4). The one exception where 

further pooling of observed effort across years within NAREA was necessary to achieve Nmin

was CAR 2000, in which there was no observed effort in any quarter. 

The percentage observer coverage (observed effort ÷ reported effort x 100%) by hooks 

ranged from 0-38% (Table 5). The percentage coverage by sets was very similar. Whether by 

sets or by hooks, the total annual percent coverage was about 4% for 1999 and 2000. 

 

4
A total of seven marine mammals were observed to be caught in five sets in 1999 (Tables 

4, 6). Five of the seven were caught in NEC, one in SEC, and one in NED. There were five 

pilot whales (Globicephalus sp.), one Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), and one unidentified 

marine mammal. One pilot whale was observed to be dead and four were classified as seriously 

injured (Appendix I). The Risso's dolphin was also classified as seriously injured. 

Fourteen marine mammals were observed caught in 2000 in 13 sets. Again, they were all 

caught in NEC, SEC, or NED. There were eight were pilot whales, three Risso's dolphins, one 

pygmy sperm whale (Kogia breviceps), one common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), and one 

unidentified whale. One pilot whale and one Risso's dolphin were observed to be dead. Four 

pilot whales, one Risso's dolphin, the pygmy sperm whale, and the unidentified whale were 

classified as seriously injured. No marine mammal was released with condition "unknown" in 

1999-2000. 

A total of 112 marine turtles were observed to be caught in 1999 (Tables 4, 6). Of that, 

45 were leatherbacks (Dermochelys coriacea), 64 were loggerheads (Caretta caretta), and 3 

were unidentified hard-shell turtles. The majority (76) was caught in NED. Only one 

loggerhead was observed to be dead. A total of 87 marine turtles were observed to be caught in 

2000. Of that, 32 were leatherbacks, 50 were loggerheads, and 5 were unidentified hard-shells 

turtles. None was observed to be dead. In 2000, the incidental takes were more evenly 

distributed among NED, SEC, GOM, and NEC (Table 6). Summary of the observed condition 

of each turtle as recorded in the Sea Turtle Life History Form is given in Appendix III. 

Bycatch estimates for each taxon of marine mammals and turtles by the basic yearquarter-NAREA-taxon stratum are given in Table 7. In cases where a stratum had no observed 

bycatch due to no observed effort, there could still be a non-zero bycatch estimate from pooling 

effort and bycatch data across strata as described in the Methods section. The basic stratified 

estimates were further summed to give annual estimates by NAREA (Table 8) and MAREA 

(Table 9), and finally for all areas combined (Table 10). 

The results as represented by the summed annual estimates for all areas combined 

indicate that pilot whale was the most common species of marine mammal caught in pelagic 

longline (Table 10). The number of pilot whales estimated to be dead in 1999 due to interaction 

with pelagic longline was 94 (95% CI=19, 481) in 1999 and 24 (5, 123) in 2000, and the number 

estimated to be seriously injured was 291 (80, 1064) in 1999 and 109 (26, 463) in 2000. Risso's

dolphins were the second most common species caught. No Risso's dolphin was estimated to 

have died in 1999 but 23 (5, 117) were estimated to be seriously injured; in 2000, 41 (8, 210) 

were estimated to have died and 23 (5, 117) seriously injured. No other species had estimated 

mortality, but 28 (5, 143) pygmy sperm whales as well as 19 (4, 97) unidentified whales were 

estimated to be seriously injured. All marine mammals bycatch came from US Atlantic (US Atl) 

or other Atlantic waters (OthAtl). The estimated bycatch of marine mammals in GOM is nil 

(Table 9). 

Almost the same number of leatherbacks (1016; 95% CI=412, 2794) and loggerheads 

(994; 512, 2093) were estimated to be caught in pelagic longline in 1999, but twice as many 

loggerheads (1256; 529, 3391) as leatherbacks (769; 251, 2512) were estimated to be caught in 

5
2000 (Table 10). The discrepancies in bycatch of species between years could be a combined 

result of oceanographic conditions and animal behavior (NMFS-SEFSC 2001). The only 

estimated mortality was for 23 (5, 117) loggerheads in 1999. There were also a small fraction of 

turtles of either species that were classified to be of unknown condition when released. The selfreported incidental take of marine turtles in the logbook amounted to only 578 in 1999 and 271 

in 2000, vastly lower than the estimated total takes. Turtles released "alive, uninjured" were 

usually not hooked but lightly entangled in the gear and account for less than 10 % of the "alive" 

category (Table 11). 

 Preliminary examination of the sensitivity of this method to Nmin and the pooling priority 

of the three effects (year, quarter, NAREA) indicate that the estimated total bycatch was not 

greatly disparate in magnitude between the choice of Nmin= 5 or 30 when pooling priority was 

held constant, although the higher Nmin tends to give a higher estimate. The choice of pooling 

priority between the order of quarter-year and of year-quarter, with Nmin held constant, appeared 

to also have a small effect on the magnitude of the estimated total bycatch in most cases (Yeung 

et al. 2000). 

 

While the method of pooling strata, the least significant first, appears promising for 

estimating bycatch when a minimum observer sample size has not been obtained, pooling across 

strata to obtain the necessary number of observations is not an adequate substitute for raising 

actual observation effort within a stratum. Ignoring the variability among strata could lead to 

highly unreliable and/or variable estimates. Pooling may obscure significant differences and 

trends within and across factors. Where there is a paucity of actual observations, this method 

may be an acceptable alternative when applied with a consideration of its limitations. 

 

Literature Cited 

Angliss, R. P., and D. P. DeMaster. 1998. Differentiating serious and non-serious injury of 

marine mammals taken incidental to commercial fishing operations: report of the serious 

injury workshop 1-2 April 1997, Silver Spring, MD. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. 

Memo. NMFS-OPR-13, 48 p. 

Brown, C.A. In press. Revised estimates of bluefin tuna dead discards by the U.S. Atlantic 

pelagic longline fleet, 1992-1999. Int. Comm. Conserv. Atl. Tunas, Col. Vol. Sci. Pap. 

Working Document SCRS/2000/97. 

Cramer, J. and H. Adams. 2000. Large pelagic logbook newsletter – 1998. U.S. Dep. Commer. 

NOAA Tech. Memo NMFS-SEFSC-433, 25 p. 

Hoey, J. and A. Bertolino. 1988. Review of the U. S. fishery for swordfish, 1978 to 1986. 

Internat. Comm. Conserv. Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), Coll. Vol. Sci. Pap. 27:230-239. 

Johnson, D. R., C. Yeung, and C. A. Brown. 1999. Estimates of marine mammal and marine 

turtle bycatch by the U. S. Atlantic pelagic longline fleet in 1992-1997. NOAA Tech. 

Mem. NMFS-SEFSC-418, 70 p. 

6
Lee, D. W. and C. J. Brown. 1998. SEFSC pelagic observer program data summary for 1992-

1996. U.S. Dep. Commer. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-SEFSC-408, 21 p. 

National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Science Center. 2001. Stock assessments 

of loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles and an assessment of the impact of the pelagiv 

longline fishery on the loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles of the Western North 

Atlantic. Part II. Chapter 2. Analysis of marine turtle bycatch by the U.S. Atlantic 

pelagic longline fleet. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Marine Fisheries 

Service, Miami, Fla., SEFSC Contribution PRD-00/01-08, 328 pp. 

 

Pennington, M. 1983. Efficient estimators of abundance for fish and plankton surveys. 

Biometrics 39:281-286. 

Yeung, C. 1999a. Revised mortality estimates of marine mammal bycatch in 1992-1997 based 

on serious injury guidelines. U.S. Dep. Commer. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-SEFSC429, 23 p. 

Yeung, C. 1999b. Estimates of marine mammal and marine turtle bycatch by the U.S. Atlantic 

pelagic longline fleet in 1998. U.S. Dep. Commer. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-SEFSC430, 26 p. 

Yeung, C., S. Epperly, and C. A. Brown. 2000. Preliminary revised estimates of marine 

mammal and marine turtle bycatch by the U.S. Atlantic pelagic longline fleet, 1992-1999 

National Marine Fisheries Service Miami Laboratory PRD Contribution Number 99/00-

13. 

7
List of Tables

Table 1. Effort in A) number of hooks (H 1000) and B) number of sets reported in logbook for 

the pelagic longline fishery in the U.S. Atlantic in 1999-2000, stratified by calendar quarter and 

fishing area (AREA) ......................................................................................................................10 

Table 2. Observed effort in A) number of hooks (H 1000) and B) number of sets sampled from

the pelagic longline fishery in the U.S. Atlantic in 1999-2000, stratified by calendar quarter and 

fishing area (AREA) ......................................................................................................................11 

Table 3. A) Reported and B) observed effort (sets) for the pelagic longline fishery in the U.S. 

Atlantic in 1999-2000, summarized by year-quarter-NAREA......................................................12 

Table 4. Observed total number of A) marine mammals and B) marine turtles caught in the 

pelagic longline fishery in the U.S. Atlantic in 1999-2000 by year-quarter-NAREA ..................13 

Table 5. Percentage coverage (observed effort ÷ reported effort x 100%) in each year-quarterNAREA stratum by A) number of hooks and B) number of sets..................................................14 

Table 6. A) Marine mammal and B) marine turtle bycatch observed in U.S. Atlantic pelagic 

longline fishery in 1999-2000........................................................................................................15 

Table 7. Quarterly (QTR) observed (obs.) and estimated (est.) total bycatch of A) marine 

mammals and B) marine turtles in the U.S. Atlantic longline fishery for 1999-2000, stratified by 

species-NAREA-quarter................................................................................................................19 

Table 8. Estimates from Table 7 summed by species-NAREA....................................................22 

Table 9. Estimates from Table 7 summed by species-MAREA ...................................................24 

 

Table 10. Estimates in Table 7 summed by year and species.......................................................26 

Table 11. Summary of the A) release condition and B) hook location of marine turtles observed 

caught in U.S. pelagic longline fishery in 1999-2000 ...................................................................27 

8
List of Figures 

Figure 1. The geographical zones used to classify observed and reported U.S. Atlantic pelagic 

longline fishing effort ....................................................................................................................28 

Appendices 

Appendix I. Observer comments relating to the condition of marine mammals observed caught 

in 1999-2000 by U.S. pelagic longline vessels operating in the North Atlantic ...........................29 

Appendix II. Sea Turtle Life History Form..................................................................................31 

 

Appendix III. Summary of information on 1999-2000 incidental takes of marine turtles in the 

U.S. pelagic longline fishery based on the Sea Turtle Life History Form filled out by observers 

for each observed take ...................................................................................................................33 

 

9
Table 1. Effort in A) number of hooks (H 1000) and B) number of sets reported in logbook for the pelagic longline fishery in the U

stratified by calendar quarter and fishing area (AREA). Effort data lacking area and quarter information are designated as unknown (U

no reported effort for that stratum.A. Number of hooks (H 1000) 

YEAR QTR CAR FEC GOM MAB NCA NEC NED SAB SAR TUN TU

1999 1 124.7 218.8 833.7 49.4 68.3 2.7 214.4 16.8 10.5 421999 2 24.5 247.0 902.8 128.3 2.8 83.4 48.1 280.5 22.9 931999 3 0.2 113.4 768.0 508.1 15.0 391.3 192.7 131.6 4.6 61999 4 2.5 117.4 681.3 455.3 29.1 96.3 95.2 82.7 1.0 28

Total 151.9 696.7 3185.9 1141.1 115.3 571.1 338.7 709.2 16.8 39.0 171

2000 1 145.5 188.1 781.7 37.9 54.6 141.8 2.4 492000 2 51.4 220.8 888.8 146.9 6.1 50.5 80.2 350.2 3.8 12.9 252000 3 154.8 901.0 350.1 468.0 361.6 87.4 02000 4 47.9 109.2 862.4 418.8 9.1 80.8 101.1 101.4 8

Total 244.8 672.9 3433.9 953.7 69.7 599.4 542.9 680.8 3.8 15.3 84

B. Number of sets 

YEAR QTR CAR FEC GOM MAB NCA NEC NED SAB SAR TUN TU

1999 1 210 573 1123 84 100 4 329 22 16 1999 2 50 651 1219 238 4 103 69 482 27 11999 3 1 382 1008 696 16 492 228 308 5 1999 4 6 401 920 595 36 120 108 197 1 

Total 267 2007 4270 1613 156 715 409 1316 22 49 2

2000 1 248 497 1019 76 86 212 3 

2000 2 76 593 1186 230 16 58 88 531 5 16 2000 3 483 1179 573 583 397 209 2000 4 87 362 1099 634 11 92 117 202 

Total 411 1935 4483 1513 113 733 602 1154 5 19 

10
Table 2. Observed effort in A) number of hooks (H 1000) and B) number of sets sampled from the pelagic longline fishery in the U

stratified by calendar quarter and fishing area (AREA). Blank cell indicates no observed effort for that stratum.A. Number of hooks (H 1000) 

YEAR QTR CAR FEC GOM MAB NCA NEC NED SAB SAR TUN TU

1999 1 12.24 4.52 33.72 2.33 1.50 3.18 2.06 1.73 7.1999 2 11.76 30.89 3.05 18.43 22.90 1999 3 3.94 29.58 6.64 12.14 13.81 1.70 1999 4 1.31 40.15 11.17 10.02 4.68 

Total 12.24 21.52 134.33 23.19 1.50 22.16 32.24 32.46 2.06 1.73 7.

2000 1 4.67 20.87 2.11 10.54 7.58 

2000 2 9.79 41.86 5.63 6.91 25.68 2000 3 5.37 45.79 14.39 21.45 32.07 1.34 2000 4 4.31 32.07 13.77 7.07 6.69 9.79 

Total 24.14 140.58 35.89 10.54 35.43 38.76 44.39 

B. Number of sets 

YEAR QTR CAR FEC GOM MAB NCA NEC NED SAB SAR TUN TU

1999 1 17 8 47 6 2 5 3 2 1999 2 32 42 4 23 28 1999 3 12 35 13 12 17 5 1999 4 5 53 16 11 12 

Total 17 57 177 39 2 23 40 50 3 2 

2000 1 13 31 5 15 11 

2000 2 24 51 10 7 30 2000 3 14 45 23 30 38 4 2000 4 12 44 22 10 9 16 

Total 63 171 60 15 47 47 61 

11
Table 3. A) Reported and B) observed effort (sets) for the pelagic longline fishery in the U.S. Atlantic in 1999-

2000, summarized by year-quarter-NAREA. If there is reported effort in a stratum but the observed effort is less 

than the Nmin of 5 sets, the value in the stratum is put in bold type to indicate that pooling is necessary to estimate 

bycatch for that stratum. 

A) Reported effort

yr qtr CAR GOM NEC NED OFS SEC

1999 1 210 1123 84 4 195 902

2 50 1219 341 69 153 1133

3 1 1008 1188 228 29 690

4 6 920 715 108 66 598

Total 267 4270 2328 409 443 3323

2000 1 248 1019 76 0 151 709

2 76 1186 288 88 64 1124

3 0 1179 1156 398 0 692

4 87 1099 726 117 18 564

Total 411 4483 2246 603 233 3089

B) Observed effort 

yr qtr CAR GOM NEC NED OFS SEC

1999 1 17 47 6 0 17 13

2 0 42 4 23 0 60 

3 0 35 25 17 0 17 

4 0 53 27 0 0 17 

Total 17 177 62 40 17 107

2000 1 0 31 5 0 15 24

2 0 51 17 0 0 54 

3 0 45 53 38 0 18

4 0 44 32 9 0 28 

Total 0 171 107 47 15 124

12
Table 4. Observed total number of A) marine mammals and B) marine turtles caught in the pelagic longline fishery

in the U.S. Atlantic in 1999-2000 by year-quarter -NAREA. Blank cells indicate no observed effort. 

A. Marine mammals 

yr qtr CAR SEC GOM NEC OFS NED Total

1999 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

1999 2 1 0 0 0 1

1999 3 0 0 4 1 5

1999 4 0 0 1 1

Total 1 5 1 7

2000 1 1 0 1 0 2

2000 2 1 0 0 1

2000 3 1 0 5 0 6

2000 4 1 0 3 1 5

Total 4 9 1 14

B. Marine turtle 

yr qtr CAR SEC GOM NEC OFS NED Total

1999 1 7 2 1 0 0 10

1999 2 6 0 0 23 29

1999 3 1 0 0 53 54

1999 4 2 5 12 19

Total 7 11 6 12 76 112

2000 1 3 3 0 5 11

2000 2 7 6 2 15

2000 3 2 5 16 17 40

2000 4 4 0 6 11 21

Total 16 14 24 5 28 87

13
Table 5. Percentage coverage (observed effort ÷ reported effort x 100%) in each year-quarter-NAREA stratum by 

A) number of hooks and B) number of sets. Blank cells indicate no reported effort. 

A) Coverage by hooks 

yr qtr CAR GOM NEC NED OFS SEC

1999 1 10 4 5 0 9 2

2 0 3 1 38 0 7

3 0 4 2 7 0 2

4 0 6 4 0 0 3

2000 1 0 3 6 10 4

2 0 5 6 0 0 6

3 5 4 9 3

4 0 4 4 7 0 7

B) Coverage by sets

yr qtr CAR GOM NEC NED OFS SEC

1999 1 8 4 7 0 9 1

2 0 3 1 33 0 5

3 0 3 2 7 0 2

4 0 6 4 0 0 3

2000 1 0 3 7 10 3

2 0 4 6 0 0 5

3 4 5 10 3

4 0 4 4 8 0 5

14
Table 6. A) Marine mammal and B) marine turtle bycatch observed in U.S. Atlantic pelagic longline fishery in

1999-2000 listed by year, calendar quarter (QTR), vessel trip identifier (TRIP), set on which bycatch was observed 

(HAUL#), the number of hooks set (HOOKS), fishing region (AREA, NAREA, MAREA), the TOTAL number 

observed, the number out of the total which were observed to be ALIVE, DEAD, seriously injured (INJUR) upon 

return to the sea (this category only applies to marine mammals), and of unknown condition (UNK) (no marine 

mammal fell into this category in 1999-2000). 

A) Marine mammal

YEAR QTR TRIP HAUL# SPECIES TOTAL ALIVE DEAD INJUR HOOKS AREA NAREA MAREA

1999 2 T45 7 pilot whale 1 0 0 1 1150 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 3 W05 1 pilot whale 3 0 1 2 425 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 3 W05 5 pilot whale 1 0 0 1 425 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 3 F69 10 marine mammal 1 1 0 0 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 4 A31114 1 Risso's dolphin 1 0 0 1 1056 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 T01054 9 common dolphin 1 1 0 0 500 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 1 W01010 1 pilot whale 1 0 0 1 380 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 2 K02001 7 pilot whale 1 1 0 0 360 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 3 W01012 3 pilot whale 2 0 0 2 450 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 T01054 4 pilot whale 1 0 0 1 864 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 4 S01032 5 pilot whale 1 0 1 0 328 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 4 T01055 4 pilot whale 1 1 0 0 600 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 4 Y01001 1 pilot whale 1 1 0 0 396 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 1 S01022 6 pygmy sperm whale 1 0 0 1 496 FEC SEC US ATL 

2000 3 S01028 1 Risso's dolphin 1 0 1 0 336 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 4 T01055 2 Risso's dolphin 1 1 0 0 550 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 4 J02005 8 Risso's dolphin 1 0 0 1 591 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 W01013 4 whale 1 0 0 1 835 NEC NEC US ATL

B) Marine turtle 

15

YEAR QTR TRIP HAUL# SPECIES TOTAL ALIVE DEAD UNK HOOKS AREA NAREA MAREA

1999 1 S10 3 leatherback 1 1 0 0 400 FEC SEC US ATL

1999 1 N34 4 leatherback 1 1 0 0 756 CAR CAR OTHATL

1999 1 S10 5 leatherback 1 1 0 0 444 FEC SEC US ATL

1999 1 N34 7 leatherback 1 1 0 0 704 CAR CAR OTHATL

1999 2 S14 4 leatherback 1 1 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 F67 5 leatherback 1 1 0 0 459 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 2 T45 6 leatherback 1 1 0 0 1100 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 2 W03 8 leatherback 1 1 0 0 360 FEC SEC US ATL

1999 2 S14 12 leatherback 1 1 0 0 990 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 16 leatherback 2 2 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 22 leatherback 1 1 0 0 1100 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 4 leatherback 1 1 0 0 918 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 5 leatherback 1 1 0 0 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 Q09 5 leatherback 1 1 0 0 350 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 3 F69 6 leatherback 3 3 0 0 864 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 7 leatherback 2 0 0 2 918 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 8 leatherback 3 2 0 1 756 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 11 leatherback 3 1 0 2 648 NED NED OTHATL
YEAR QTR TRIP HAUL# SPECIES TOTAL ALIVE DEAD UNK HOOKS AREA NAREA MAREA

1999 3 F69 12 leatherback 7 6 0 1 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 13 leatherback 3 3 0 0 702 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 14 leatherback 3 2 0 1 756 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 17 leatherback 1 1 0 0 918 NED NED OTHATL

1999 4 S20 1 leatherback 1 1 0 0 460 GOM GOM GOM

1999 4 W07 1 leatherback 2 2 0 0 1020 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 4 W07 2 leatherback 1 1 0 0 1060 NEC NEC US ATL

1999 4 W07 6 leatherback 1 1 0 0 165 NEC NEC US ATL

1999 1 N34 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 768 CAR CAR OTHATL

1999 1 N34 3 loggerhead 2 2 0 0 748 CAR CAR OTHATL

1999 1 N34 7 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 704 CAR CAR OTHATL

1999 1 N34 12 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 768 CAR CAR OTHATL

1999 2 S14 1 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 990 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 T44 4 loggerhead 2 0 0 1029 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 2 F67 5 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 459 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 2 S14 10 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 670 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 16 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 17 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 18 loggerhead 5 5 0 0 990 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 19 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 20 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 22 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1100 NED NED OTHATL

1999 2 S14 23 loggerhead 4 4 0 0 825 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 1 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 687 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 2 loggerhead 4 4 0 0 864 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 4 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 918 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 5 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 864 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 7 loggerhead 1 0 0 1 918 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 9 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 10 loggerhead 2 2 0 0 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 11 loggerhead 2 2 0 0 648 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 12 loggerhead 4 3 0 1 972 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 13 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 702 NED NED OTHATL

1999 3 F69 17 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 918 NED NED OTHATL

1999 4 W07 1 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 1020 GOM GOM GOM

1999 4 W08 1 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 492 NEC NEC US ATL

1999 4 W07 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1060 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 4 W08 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 366 NEC NEC US ATL

1999 4 S17 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 294 NEC NEC US ATL

1999 4 S18 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 504 SAB SEC US ATL

1999 4 W07 4 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1090 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 4 S20 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 480 FEC SEC US ATL

1999 4 W07 9 loggerhead 1 0 1 0 1020 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 4 W07 10 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 850 NEC NEC US ATL

1999 1 P43 4 turtle 1 0 0 1 750 GOM GOM GOM

1999 4 R02 1 turtle 1 1 0 0 840 MAB NEC US ATL

1999 4 P50 5 turtle 1 1 0 0 904 GOM GOM GOM

2

16
YEAR QTR TRIP HAUL# SPECIES TOTAL ALIVE DEAD UNK HOOKS AREA NAREA MAREA

2000 1 Q02005 7 leatherback 1 1 0 0 793 GOM GOM GOM

2000 1 M01018 13 leatherback 1 1 0 0 792 NCA OFS OTHATL

2000 1 S01023 2 leatherback 1 1 0 0 277 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 1 S01023 3 leatherback 1 1 0 0 395 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 2 P01055 3 leatherback 1 1 0 0 950 GOM GOM GOM

2000 2 P01056 2 leatherback 1 1 0 0 850 GOM GOM GOM

2000 2 P01056 8 leatherback 1 1 0 0 870 GOM GOM GOM

2000 2 P01056 10 leatherback 1 1 0 0 850 GOM GOM GOM

2000 2 B56038 3 leatherback 1 1 0 0 1000 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 P01057 4 leatherback 1 1 0 0 850 GOM GOM GOM

2000 3 P01057 6 leatherback 2 2 0 0 850 GOM GOM GOM

2000 3 Q02009 5 leatherback 1 1 0 0 804 GOM GOM GOM

2000 3 Q02010 2 leatherback 1 1 0 0 918 GOM GOM GOM

2000 3 T01054 3 leatherback 1 1 0 0 864 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 J02003 2 leatherback 2 2 0 0 768 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 J02003 15 leatherback 1 1 0 0 768 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 J02003 18 leatherback 1 1 0 0 804 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 11 leatherback 2 2 0 0 960 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 18 leatherback 1 1 0 0 960 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 S01028 4 leatherback 1 1 0 0 336 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 4 S01032 6 leatherback 1 1 0 0 328 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 4 T01055 5 leatherback 1 1 0 0 500 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 4 J02005 10 leatherback 1 1 0 0 729 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 4 J02005 13 leatherback 1 1 0 0 540 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 4 J02005 1 leatherback 1 1 0 0 552 NED NED OTHATL

2000 4 J02005 7 leatherback 3 3 0 0 648 NED NED OTHATL

2000 4 S01031 4 leatherback 1 1 0 0 256 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 1 S01022 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 496 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 1 Q02005 8 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 797 GOM GOM GOM

2000 1 T01049 10 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 448 GOM GOM GOM

2000 1 M01018 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 768 NCA OFS OTHATL

2000 1 M01018 8 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 768 NCA OFS OTHATL

2000 1 M01018 12 loggerhead 2 2 0 0 864 NCA OFS OTHATL

2000 2 R01005 5 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 318 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 2 S01025 4 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 636 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 2 S01025 7 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 596 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 2 A25006 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 660 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 2 J02001 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 580 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 3 J02004 4 loggerhead 2 2 0 0 580 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 J02004 5 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 550 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 J02004 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 220 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 W01013 10 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 800 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 W01013 12 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 780 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 3 J02004 3 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 605 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 O02008 1 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 820 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 T01054 1 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 750 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 T01054 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 786 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 T01054 4 loggerhead 1 0 0 1 864 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 T01054 7 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 648 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 W01013 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 835 NEC NEC US ATL

17
YEAR QTR TRIP HAUL# SPECIES TOTAL ALIVE DEAD UNK HOOKS AREA NAREA MAREA

2000 3 W01013 4 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 835 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 W01014 4 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1044 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 3 J02003 1 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 576 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 J02003 18 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 804 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 1 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1032 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 3 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1056 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 4 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1056 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 6 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 625 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 9 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 1050 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 M01020 10 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 816 NED NED OTHATL

2000 3 S01028 2 loggerhead 1 0 0 1 336 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 4 S01031 1 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 384 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 4 T01055 5 loggerhead 2 2 0 0 500 MAB NEC US ATL

2000 4 K02003 4 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 768 NEC NEC US ATL

2000 4 J02005 1 loggerhead 4 4 0 0 552 NED NED OTHATL

2000 4 J02005 4 loggerhead 3 3 0 0 432 NED NED OTHATL

2000 4 S01031 2 loggerhead 1 1 0 0 352 SAB SEC US ATL

2000 2 K02001 3 turtle 1 1 0 0 360 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 2 R01005 3 turtle 1 1 0 0 300 FEC SEC US ATL

2000 2 P01056 4 turtle 1 1 0 0 870 GOM GOM GOM

2000 2 P01056 7 turtle 1 1 0 0 850 GOM GOM GOM

2000 2 J02001 5 turtle 1 1 0 0 580 SAB SEC US ATL

18
Table 7. Quarterly (QTR) observed (obs.) and estimated (est.) total bycatch of A) marine mammals and B) marine turtles in the U.S. A

1999-2000, stratified by species-NAREA-quarter. The four categories are the TOTAL (T) number of animals, the number of animals DEAD (D), seriously-INJURED (S) (this category only applies to marine mammals), of UNKnown condition (U) (no marine mamm1999-2000), and ALIVE (A) upon return to the sea. The estimated coefficients of variation (CV_*) for the bycatch estimates, alognormal confidence bounds (U_*, L_*) are also given. The proportion of positive bycatch (PPT) is the proportion of sets observed iat least one marine mammal or turtle was captured; PP* is the subset of PPT in which the animal was observed to be dead (D), seriousland alive (A). Decimals are rounded to the nearest hundredth. In certain species-NAREA-quarter strata where there is reported effort therefore no observed bycatch (.), a non-zero bycatch estimate may in some cases be obtained by pooling the bycatch rate across strataA) Marine mammal

QTR NAREA N PPT obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T PPD obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D PPS obs. est. CV_S U_S L_S PPA obs. est

TOTAL DEAD INJURED ALIVE 

1999 

Risso's dolphin 2

0 .. 

0 0 

0 0 

NEC 62 0.02 . 3 1 15 1 0 .. 0 0.02 . 3 1 15 1 0 .. 

Risso's dolphin 4 NEC 27 0.04 1 20 1 102 4 0 0 0 0.04 1 20 1 102 4 0 0 marine mammal 3 NED 17 0.06 1 12 1 61 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 1 1marine mammal 4 NED 40 0.03 . 2 1 10 0 0 .. 0 0 . 0 0.03 .. pilot whale 2 NEC 62 0.03 . 33 0.78 128 9 0.02 .. 8 1 41 2 0.03 . 25 0.73 90 7pilot whale 3 NEC 25 0.08 4 344 0.78 1330 89 0.04 1 86 1 440 17 0.08 3 258 0.73 933 71

pilot whale 2 SEC 60 0.02 1 8 1 41 2 0 0 0 0.02 1 8 1 41 2 0 0 

2000 

common dolphin 3 NEC 53 0.02 1 32 1 164 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.02 1 3Risso's dolphin 4 NEC 32 0.03 1 29 1 148 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 1 2Risso's dolphin 2 NED 47 0.02 . 3 1 15 1 0 . 0 0.02 . 3 1 15 1 0 . Risso's dolphin 4 NED 9 0.11 1 20 1 102 4 0 0 0 0.11 1 20 1 102 4 0 0 Risso's dolphin 3 SEC 18 0.06 1 41 1 210 8 0.06 1 41 1 210 8 0 0 0 0 0 pilot whale 1 NEC 5 0.2 1 20 1 102 4 0 0 0 0.2 1 20 1 102 4 0 0 pilot whale 3 NEC 53 0.04 3 89 0.82 361 22 0 0 0 0.04 3 89 0.82 361 22

pilot whale 4 NEC 32 0.06 2 68 0.71 238 19 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 2 6pilot whale 2 SEC 54 0.02 1 30 1 153 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.02 1 3pilot whale 4 SEC 28 0.04 1 24 1 123 5 0.04 1 24 1 123 5 0 0 0 0 0 pygmy sperm whale 1 SEC 24 0.04 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 0 0.04 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 whale 3 NEC 53 0.02 1 19 1 97 4 0 0 0 0.02 1 19 1 97 4 0 0 

19
B) Marine turtle 

QTR NAREA N PPT obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T PPD obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D PPU obs. est. CV_U U_U L_U PPA obs. est

TOTAL DEAD UNK ALIVE 

1999 

leatherback 1

C 

CAR 17 0.12 2 20 0.69 67 6 0 0 0 0.02 1 24 1 123 5 0 0 

leatherback 2 CAR 17 0.12 . 4 0.69 13 1 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.02 . leatherback 4 GOM 53 0.02 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.02 1 1leatherback 2 NEC 62 0.05 . 31 0.69 105 9 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.04 1 2leatherback 4 NEC 27 0.11 4 182 0.69 617 54 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 2 2leatherback 1 40 0.35 . 3 0.4 6 1 0 . 0 0.13 . 1 0.43 2 0 0.33 . leatherback 2 NED 23 0.17 5 12 0.5 30 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.15 2 16leatherback 3 NED 17 0.59 27 387 0.31 696 215 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.12 . leatherback 4 NED 40 0.35 . 93 0.4 200 43 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.05 . 3leatherback 1 SEC 13 0.15 2 161 0.68 538 48 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.17 5 1leatherback 2 SEC 60 0.05 3 53 0.63 164 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.05 3 5leatherback 3 SEC 17 0.06 1 42 1 215 8 0 0 0 0.29 7 102 0.43 228 46 0.53 20 27loggerhead 1 CAR 17 0.24 5 50 0.48 121 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 1 4loggerhead 2 CAR 17 0.24 . 10 0.48 24 4 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.02 1 2loggerhead 4 CAR 17 0.24 . 1 0.48 2 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.11 4 18loggerhead 4 GOM 53 0.02 3 38 1 194 7 0 0 0 0.13 . 21 0.43 47 9 0.33 . 7loggerhead 2 NEC 62 0.11 . 42 0.39 87 20 0.02 . 3 1 15 1 0 0 0 0.24 5 5loggerhead 4 NEC 27 0.26 7 250 0.39 519 120 0.04 1 20 1 102 4 0.05 . 0 0.68 0 0 0.5 . loggerhead 1 NED 40 0.53 . 3 0.29 5 2 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.24 . 1loggerhead 2 NED 23 0.39 18 42 0.34 81 22 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.1 . 3loggerhead 3 NED 17 0.71 26 352 0.24 559 222 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.39 18 4loggerhead 4 NED 40 0.53 . 121 0.29 211 69 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.03 3 3loggerhead 2 SEC 60 0.03 3 37 0.7 128 11 0 0 0 0.12 2 24 0.68 81 7 0.65 24 32loggerhead 4 SEC 17 0.12 2 48 0.68 162 14 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.24 . turtle 1 GOM 47 0.02 1 24 1 123 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.02 3 3turtle 4 GOM 53 0.02 1 14 1 72 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.22 6 23turtle 2 NEC 62 0.02 . 4 1 20 1 0 . 0 0.05 . 5 0.68 17 1 0.5 . 11turtle 4 NEC 27 0.04 1 25 1 128 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.12 2 4

2000 

leatherback 1 CAR 17 0.12 . 24 0.69 81 7 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.04 2 4leatherback 2 CAR 17 0.12 . 9 0.69 30 3 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.06 3 8leatherback 4 CAR 17 0.12 . 8 0.69 27 2 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.12 . 2leatherback 1 GOM 31 0.03 1 32 1 164 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 1 3leatherback 2 GOM 51 0.08 4 82 0.49 202 33 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 1

2

leatherback 3 GOM 45 0.09 5 121 0.51 309 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.08

0.12

8

leatherback 2 NEC 

NE

17 0.06 1 12

18

1

1

61 2 0 0 0 0 . 0 . 

leatherback 3 53 0.02 1 92 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.08 4 8leatherback 4 NEC 32 0.09 3

.

85 0.57 239 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 1 1

leatherback 2 NED 47 0.15 26 0.59 76 9 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.15 . 2leatherback 3 NED 38 0.13 7 81 0.45 188 35 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.07 . leatherback 4 NED 9 0.22 4 75 0.74 273 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.09 5 12

NED

20
QTR NAREA N PPT obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T PPD obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D PPU obs. est. CV_U U_U L_U PPA obs. est

TOTAL DEAD UNK ALIVE 

2000 

leatherback 1

. 

loggerhead 1 loggerhead 4 OFS 0 loggerhead 2 loggerhead 3 

OFS 15 0.07 1 9 1 46 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.02 1 1

leatherback 2 OFS 15 0.07 . 4 1 20 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.13 7 8leatherback 4 OFS 15 0.07 . 2 1 10 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.06 1 4leatherback 1 SEC 24 0.08 2 86 0.7 298 25 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.12 . leatherback 3 SEC 18 0.06 1 41 1 210 8

16

0 0 0 0 0 0 0.09 3

4

8

leatherback 4 SEC 28 0.07 2 54 0.7 186 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.22

0.07

7

loggerhead 1 CAR 17 0.24 . 58 0.48 141 24 0 . 0 0 . 0 . loggerhead 2 CAR 17 0.24 . 21

20

0.48 51 9 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.07 2 5

loggerhead 4 CAR 17 0.24 .

2

0.48 49 8 0 . 0 0 . 0 0.24 . 5

loggerhead 1 GOM 31 0.06 89 0.72 318 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 2 8loggerhead 2 NEC 17 0.06 1 18 1 92 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 4 3loggerhead 3 NEC

NEC

53 0.26 15 373 0.26 614 226 0 0 0 0

0

0 0

0

0.04

0.24

1

.

2

2

loggerhead 4 32 0.06 3 86 0.79 335 22 0 0 0 loggerhead 2 NED 47 0.21 . 46 0.52 120 18 0 . 0 0 0 0 0.06 1 1loggerhead 3 NED 38 0.21 10 122 0.37 248 60 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.21 . 4loggerhead 4 NED 9 0.22 7 166 0.66 541 51 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.2 . 1

OFS 15 0.2 4 35 0.56 97 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 4 8

loggerhead 2 OFS 15 0.2

15 

.

0.2 .

16

6

0.56 44

17

6 0 . 0 0.02 1 18 1 92 4 0.25 14 35

0.56 2 0 . 0 0 0 0.21 10 12

loggerhead 1 SEC 24 0.04 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 0 0.06 1 41 1 210 8 0 0 

SEC 54 0.07 4 88 0.51 224 35 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.24 . 2

SEC 18 0.06 1 41 1 210 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.06 3 8

loggerhead 4 SEC 28 0.07 2 43 0.69 147 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.22 7 16turtle 2 GOM 51 0.04 2 42 0.7 145 12 0 0 0 0 . 0 0.2 . turtle 2 SEC 54 0.06 3 86 0.59 250 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 2 4

21
Table 8. Estimates from Table 7 summed by species-NAREA. 

A) Marine mammal

NAREA N obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D obs. est. CV_S U_S L_S obs. est. CV_A U_A L

TOTAL DEAD INJURED ALIVE 

1999 

DOLPHIN RISSOS NEC 89 1 23 1 117 5 0 0 1 23 1 117 5 0 0MARINE MAMMAL NED

9 0 0

2000 

57 1 14 0.99 71 2 0 0

4

0 0 1 14 0.99 71 

PILOT WHALE NEC 87 4 377 0.78 1458 98 1 1 481 19 3 283 0.73 1023 78

PILOT WHALE SEC 60 1 8 1 41 2 0 0 1 8 1 41 2 0 0COMMON DOLPHIN NEC 53 1 32 1 164 6 0 0 0 0 1 32 1 164 DOLPHIN RISSOS NEC 32 1 29 1

1

148 6 0 0 0 0 1 29 1 148 

DOLPHIN RISSOS NED 56 1 23 117 5 0 0

41

1 23 1 117 5 0 0

DOLPHIN RISSOS SEC 18 1 41 1 210 8 1 1 210 8 0 0 0 0PILOT WHALE NEC 90 6 

2 

177 0.8 701 45 0 0 4 109 0.85 463 26 2 68 0.71 238 

PILOT WHALE SEC 82 54 1 276 11

4

1 24 1 123 5 0 0 1 30 1 153 

WHALE NEC 53 1 19 1 97 0 0 1 19 1 97 4 0 0PYGMY SPERM SEC 24 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 1 28 1 143 5 0 0

22
B) Marine turtle 

NAREA N obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D obs. est. CV_U U_U L_U obs. est. CV_A U_A L

TOTAL DEAD UNK ALIVE 

1999 

TURTLE 5

85

GOM 100 2 38 1 195 8 0 0 1 24 1 123 1 14 1 72

148

TURTLE NEC 89 1 29 1 148 6 0 0 0 0 1 29 1 LEATHERBACK CAR

GOM 

34 2 24 0.68 80 7 0 0 0 0 2 24 0.68 80 

LEATHERBACK 53 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 0 0 1 28 1 143 LEATHERBACK NEC 89 4 213 0.69 722 63 0 0 0 0 4 213 0.69 722 LEATHERBACK NED 120 32 495 0.33 932 264 0 0 7 124 0.43 277 55 25 359 0.35 694 LEATHERBACK SEC 90 6 256 917 73 0 0 0 0 6 256 0.73 917 LOGGERHEAD CAR 51 5 61 0.47 147 25 0 0 0 0 5 61 0.47 147 LOGGERHEAD GOM 53 3 38 1 194 7 0 0 0 0 3 38 1 194 LOGGERHEAD NEC 89 7 292 0.39 606 140 1 23 1 117 5 0 0 6 270 0.42 600 LOGGERHEAD NED 120 44 518 0.26 856 315 0 0 2 29 0.69 98 8 42 490 0.27 827 LOGGERHEAD SEC 77 5 85 0.69 290 25 0 0 0 0 5 0.69 290 

2000 

TURTLE GOM 51 2 42 0.7 145 12 0 0 0 0 2 42 0.7 145 TURTLE SEC 54 3 86 0.59 250 30 0 0 0 0 3 86 0.59 250 LEATHERBACK CAR 51 41 0.68 138 12 0 0 41 0.68 138 LEATHERBACK GOM 127 10 235 0.58 675 86 0 0 0 0 10 235 0.58 675 LEATHERBACK NEC 102 5 115 0.69 392 36 0 0 0 0 5 115 0.69 392 LEATHERBACK NED 94 11 182 0.6 537 65 0 0 0 0 11 182 0.6 537 LEATHERBACK OFS 45 1 15 0.99 76 3 0 0 0 0 1 15 0.99 76 LEATHERBACK SEC 70 5 181 0.77 694 49 0 0 0 0 5 181 0.77 694 LOGGERHEAD CAR 51 99 0.48 241 41 0 0 99 0.48 241 LOGGERHEAD GOM 31 2 89 0.72 318 25 0 0 0 0 2 89 0.72 318 LOGGERHEAD NEC 102 19 477 0.41 1041 252 0 0 1 18 1 92 4 18 460 0.43

0.55

1028

909

LOGGERHEAD NED 94 17 334 0.55 909 129 0 0 0 0 17 334 LOGGERHEAD OFS 45 4 57 0.56 158 21 0 0 0 0 4 57 0.56 158 LOGGERHEAD SEC 124 8 200 0.73 724 61 0 0 1 41 1 210 8 7 159 0.66 514 

0.73

23
Table 9. Estimates from Table 7 summed by species-MAREA. 

A) Marine mammal

MAREA N obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D obs. est. CV_S U_S L_S obs. est. CV

TOTAL DEAD INJURED ALIVE 

1999 

Risso's dolphin TL 89 1 23 1 17 5 0 0 1 3 1 7 5 0 0

al L 57 1 14 99 71 2 0 0 0 0 1 4 

0 0

T 3 1 2 1 4 6 0 0 0 0 1 2 

in L 56 1 23 1 17 5 0 0 1 3 1 17 5 0 0

TL 53 1 19 1 97 4 0 0 1 1 97 4 0 0

le TL 24 1 28 1 43 5 0 0 1 8 1 43 5 0 0

US A 1 2 11

marine mamm OTHAT 0. 1 0pilot whale US ATL 147 5 385 0.79 1499 100 1 94 1 481 19 4 291 0.74 1064 80

2000 

common dolphin US A L 5 3 16 3 Risso's dolph OTHAT 1 2 1Risso's dolphin US ATL 50 2 70 1 358 14 1 41 1 210 8 0 0 1 29 pilot whale 

le

US ATL 172 8 231 0.85 977 56 1 24 1 123 5 4 109 0.85

9

463 26 3 98 

wha US A 1pygmy sperm wha US A 1 2 1

24
B) Marine turtle 

MAREA N obs. est. CV_T U_T L_T obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D obs. est. CV_S U_S L_S obs. est. CV

TOTAL DEAD INJURED ALIVE 

1999 

turtle

leatherback 

12

0

GOM 100

89

2 38 1 195 8 0 0 1 24 1 123 5 1 14 

turtle US ATL 1 29 1 148 6 0 0 0 0 1 29 leatherback GOM 53 1 28 1 143 5 0 0 0 0 1 28 leatherback OTHATL 154 34 519 0.35 1012 271 0 0 7 124 0.43 277 55 27 383 0leatherback US ATL 179 10 469 0.71 1639 136 0 0 0 0 10 469 0loggerhead GOM 53 3 38 1 194 7 0 0 0 0 3 38 loggerhead OTHATL 171 49 579 0.29 1003 340 0 0 2 29 0.69 98 8 47 551 loggerhead US ATL 166 12 377 0.46 896 165 1 23 1 117 5 0 0 11 355 

2000 

turtle GOM 51 2 42 0.7 145 12 0 0 0 0 2 42 turtle US ATL 54 3 86 0.59 250 30 0 0 0 0 3 86 0

GOM 127 10 235 0.58 675 86 0 0 0 0 10 235 0

leatherback OTHATL 190 12 238 0.64 751 80 0 0 0 0 238 0leatherback US ATL 172 10 296 0.74 1086 85 0 0 0 10 296 0loggerhead GOM 31 2 89 0.72 318 25 0 0 0 0 2 89 0loggerhead OTHATL 190 21 490 0.53 1308

1765

191 0 0 0 0 21 490 0

loggerhead US ATL 226 27 677 0.52 313 0 0 2 59 1 302 12 25 619 0

25
Table 10. Estimates in Table 7 summed by year and species. 

A) Marine mammal

obs. est. CV

_

T U

_

T L_T obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D obs. est. CV_S U_S L_S obs. est. CV_

TOTAL DEAD INJURED ALIVE 

1999 

Risso's dolphin 1 0marine mammal 1 14 0.99 0

5 0 0

4

1 28 1 

1 23 117 5 0 0 1 23 1 117 5 0

71 2 0 0 0 1 14 0

pilot whale 385 0.79 1499 100 1 94 1 481 19 4 291 0.74 1064 80

2000 

common dolphin 1 32 1 164 6 0

1

0

1

0 0 1 32 

Risso's dolphin 3 93 1 475 19 1 210 8 1 23 1 117 5 1 29 pilot whale 8 231 0.85 977 56 1 24 1 123 5 4 109 0.85 463 26 3 98 0

whale 1 19 1 97

143

4

5

0 0

0

1 19 1 97 4 0

0

0

pygmy sperm whale 0 1 28 1 143 5 0

B) Marine turtle 

obs. est. CV

_

T U

_

T L_T obs. est. CV_D U_D L_D obs. est. CV_U U_U L_U obs. est. CV_

TOTAL 

1999 

DEAD UNK ALIVE 

turtle 3

0.63 395 42 0

2

67 1 343 14 0 0 1 24 1 123 5 2 43 

leatherback 45 1016 0.55 2794 412 0 0 7 124 0.43 277 55 38 880 0loggerhead 64 994 0.39 2093 512 1 23 1 117 5 2 29 0.69 98 8 61 944 0

2000 

turtle 5 128 0 0 0 5 128 0leatherback 32 769 0.66 2512 251 0 0 0 0 32 769 0loggerhead 50 1256 0.54 3391 529 0 0 59 1 302 12 48 1198 0

26
Table 11. Summary of the A) release condition and B) hook location of marine turtles observed caught in U.S. pelagic longline fishery 

A) RELEASE CONDITIONyear species alive, injured

alive, 

uninjured fresh dead

other, 

unknown Total

1999 Leatherback 30 8 0 7 45

Loggerhead 60 1 1 2 64

unknown 2 0 0 1 3

1999 Total 92 9 1 10 1122000 Leatherback 30 2 0 0 32

Loggerhead 46 2 0 2 50unknown 5 0 0 0 5

2000 Total 81 4 0 87Grand Total 173 13 1 12 199

2

B) HOOK LOCATIONyear species beak/mouth

 carapace/

plastron flipper head/beak

head/neck

(external)

ingested 

(throat/

esophagus) not hooked

unknown 

beak/

mouth

unknown 

other 

1999 Leatherback 1 0 16 0 1 0 8 9 10 

Loggerhead 8 0 3 0 2 10 1 37 3 unknown 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 

1999 Total 11 0 19 0 3 10 9 46 14 2000 Leatherback 4 5 13 0 3 0 1 0 6 

Loggerhead 23 0 3 3 0 15 0

0

0 6 

unknown 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 

2000 Total 28 5 16 3 3 16 1 1 14 Grand Total 39 5 35 3 6 26 10 47 28 

27
Figure 1. The geographical zones used to classify observed and reported U.S. Atlantic pelagic longline fishing effort. For the purpose 

strata were combined. The Southeast Coastal (SEC) stratum was defined as areas 3 and 4; the Northeast Coastal (NEC) stratum was de

and the Offshore South (OFS) was defined as areas 8, 9, 10, and 11. Larger regions were also defined as those generally within the US 

SEC, NEC), other Atlantic waters (OTHATL: OFS, areas 1 and 7); and the Gulf of Mexico (GOM: area 2). 

-95 -90 -85 -80 -75 -70 -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 -

5

10152025303540455055

1

CAR

2

GOM

 3FEC

 4SAB

 5MAB

 6NEC

7

NED

9

NCA

8

SAR

 10TUN

 11TUS

65 60 |

71 |

78 |

82 |

22--

1 Caribbean2 Gulf of Mexico3 Florida East Coast4 South Atlantic Bight5 Mid Atlantic Bight6 Northeast Coastal7 Northeast Distant8 Sargasso9 North Central Atlantic10 Tuna North11 Tuna South

28
Appendix I. Observer comments relating to the condition of marine mammals observed caught in 1999-2000 by U.S. pelagic longline 

North Atlantic. Unique trip identifier (TRIP #), date landed, common name of species taken, latitude (Lat), longitude (Lon), and estim

given. Injury codes 1-15 refer to criteria used to classified animals as "seriously injured": 1=Loss of/damage to appendage/jaw 2=Inability to use appendage(s) 3=Asymmetry in body shape 4=Rupture/puncture of eyeball 5=Inability to swim or dive 6=Ingestion of gear 7=Mouth is bound by the gear 8=Cetacean is hooked internally (e.g., in the mouth) 9=Animal is anchored 10=Line/net entangling the animal is likely to further entangle the animal 

11=Visible blood flow. 12=Swelling or hemorrhage. 13=Laceration. 

14=Listlessness/inability to defend itself. 15=Equilibrium imbalance. 

Criteria #1-10 comprise the type of injury that is highly likely to directly prevent or impair movement or feeding, and thus should alwinjury. Criteria #11-15 do not necessarily indicate that movement or feeding has been directly prevented or impaired and will not au

serious. A '?' beside the code number indicates that such injury was probably sustained. Animals with injuries matching at leaconsidered to be seriously injured (S.I. = 'Y') and may be assumed to have died, unless observers’ comments suggest otherwisconsidered serious (S.I. = 'N') and the animal is assumed to have survived. D=dead upon retrieval.

Trip # Date Common Name Lat Lon Est. Injury S.I. Observer Comments 

Landed (deg min) Length Codes

(cm)

MARINE MAMMALS 

8/11/99 

37 38 

275 

tail wrapped in mainline; swam downward immediately;

too quick for picture. 

T45 6/7/99 pilot whale 32 21 77 34 152 8,10 Y hooked in mouth; alive; left with ~54 ft of leader. F69 marine mammal 45 56 41 47 762 8 Y unidentified whale; hooked on gangion; mainline parted off and g

away. 

W05 8/28/99 pilot whale 74 01 350 10 Y accompanied by 2 other animals, ~18 ft mainline still wrapped aroW05 8/28/99 pilot whale 37 38 74 01 dead D 2 animals nearby, wrapped in mainline; both sides of mainline cu

W05 8/28/99 pilot whale 37 38 74 01 175 

Risso's dolphin 

8,10 Y caught with hook in mouth; mono cut with 8 ft of line attached; sw

W05 8/28/98 pilot whale 37 27 74 15 275 10 YA31114 10/16/99 39 43 71 32 214 8,10 Y hook appeared to be in mouth but could not be sure as animal ne

ft. from animal. 

S01022 2/14/00 Pygmy sperm

whale 

28 10 74 21 350 8? Y id by coloration, shape of head, shape and position of dorsal fin; 

with ~ 60 ft. leader. 

29
Trip # Date Common Name Lat Lon Est. Injury S.I. Observer Comments 

Landed (deg min) Length Codes

(cm)

W01010 2/24/00 pilot whale 35 59 74 47 275 10 Y entangled in mainline, 12-18 ft. of mainline wrapped around caud

confirmed from description, black dorsal forward on body and thic

K02001 6/4/00 pilot whale 27 36 79 49 240 10 N entangled in mainline, a loop in the mouth and a tangle around th

unharmed; all gear removed. 

W01012 7/24/00 pilot whale 37 26 74 18 300 8 Y hooked in mouth; leader cut; ~ 24 ft. leader. W01012 7/24/00 pilot whale 37 26 

N 

appeared to be baby finback; only saw back for instant; small dor

broke leader; 60 ft. leader and hook attached. 

74 18 --- 8 Y hooked in mouth; broke leader; ~ 12 ft. leader. 

T01054 8/23/00 pilot whale 40 00 68 59 183 8 Y hooked in mouth with 24 ft. leader attached; released in excellent T01054 8/23/00 common dolphin 40 29 67 00 152 1 tail hooked with 2 ft. of leader attached; released in excellent con

W01013 8/25/00 unidentified whale 39 52 70 37 500 8 Y

S01028 9/7/00 Risso’s dolphin 31 42 78 35 157 dead D wrapped in mainline, no hook involved; all gear removed. 

Y01001 10/18/00 pilot whale 35 48 74 34 240 1 N leader hooked or wrapped around dorsal fin; very lively when rele

when cut. 

T01055 10/7/00 Risso’s dolphin 37 44 74 08 243 1 N hooked near keel, cut loose with 24 ft. of 400 lb. mono leader; swT01055 10/7/00 pilot whale 37 32 74 17 213 1 N leader hooked around tail, cut loose with 15 ft. of 700 lb. mono m

condition good but tired. 

J02005 11/14/00 Risso’s dolphin 42 17 51 42 360 8 Y hooked in the mouth on single leader; not tangled; ~12 ft. long, da

body;robust; round head, no beak; cut leader ~ 6 ft. from hook; sw

S01032 12/16/00 pilot whale 28 25 78 40 450 dead D mouth hooked, sect. 3 hook 350, 1230 hrs, 28o20’N 78o49’W; all m

30
Appendix II. Sea turtle life history form

 

TRIP YEAR MONTH DAY

SET/HAUL/TOW GEAR: Longline Gill Net Trawl 

LATITUDE deg . min N / S LONGITUDE deg . min E / W

SPECIMEN NUMBER BY TRIP 

Did turtle slide out/escape from gear? Y / N Was turtle brought on board? Y / N 

Was light stick on hook (Y/N) Color? 

If No, number of gangions to next light stick Color?

(light stick colors: White, Pink, Black, Green, Blue, Red, Yellow, Purple, Other, Unknown) 

Number of gangions to next float

IDENTIFICATION (see back) Photos Taken? Y / N

SPECIES: Leatherback Loggerhead Kemp’s ridley Green Hawksbill Unknown 

 

CONDITION OF TURTLE 

Previously dead Fresh dead Comatose (resuscitated)

Alive, injured (describe) Alive, uninjured Other/Unknown (describe) 

If hooked, record location: Ingested (Throat/Esophagus) Beak/Mouth Head/Neck (external) 

 Flipper Carapace/Plastron Other Soft Tissue 

(external)

Unknown 

Was hook removed from this animal? Y / N 

Was animal entangled in gear? Y / N 

How much gear (linear feet) was left on turtle when released? ft. (estimated) 

Estimated Carapace length (notch-to-tip straight line)____________________cm

DIMENSIONS (cm) Curved (measuring tape) Straight Line (calipers) Straight Line (calipers)

Standard Measurements Standard Measurements 

Carapace Length . notch-to-tip . notch-to-tip . notch-to-notch 

Carapace Width . . 

TAGS (identify address on each tag in the comments section) 

Flipper Tag Metal (1) Position (Flipper) Already Present (1) or Were Tags 

Number or Plastic (2) LF, RF, LR, RR Applied by Observer(2) Removed?

 Y / N 

 Y / N 

 Y / N 

 Y / N 

PIT Tag 

 Scanned? Y / N 

Living Tag (describe)_______________________ Other Tags (describe) _______________________ 

31
FINAL DISPOSITION

Discarded Marked Carcass Discarded Unmarked Carcass Salvaged Carcass 

Released Alive Taken to Holding Facility Unknown (explain) 

Release Location: Latitude deg . min N/S Longitude deg . min E/W

Biological Samples Taken? Y / N (itemize below) 

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS (list all biological samples collected): 

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________

TURTLE KEY:

A. Shell black and leathery with longitudinal ridges.......... LEATHERBACK 

A. Shell not black and is hard..................................... B 

B. Costal (lateral) scutes 4......................................... C 

B. Costal (lateral) scutes 5......................................... D 

C. Two large scutes (1 pair) between eyes, shell smooth, mouth normal, shell

 color light brown with yellow star-burst patterns, top of flippers and 

head light brown.......................................... GREEN 

C. Four scutes (2 pairs) between eyes, scutes overlaping, upper jaw has 

 overhanging beak, shell color dark brown with light brown blotches. 

Top of flippers and head black........................... HAWKSBILL 

D. Lower shell has 3 inframarginals, upper shell, head, and flippers are 

 reddish brown.............................................. LOGGERHEAD 

D. Lower shell has 4 inframarginals with pores, upper shell, head, and 

 flippers are greenish gray.............................. KEMP’S RIDLEY

___________________________________________________________

IDENTIFICATION CRITERIA

 Number of: 

Left Costal Scutes Overlapping Scutes? Y / N / U 

Right Costal Scutes Inframarginal Pores? Y / N / U 

Vertebral Scutes 1 Pair Prefrontal Scales? Y / N / U 

Inframarginal Scutes Lacks Bony Shell? Y / N 

Dorsal Coloration Black Orange/Red-Brown Brown 

 Gray-Green other______________________________ 

32
Appendix III. Summary of information on 1999-2000 incidental takes of marine turtles in the U.S. pelagic longline fishery based on t

Form filled out by observers for each observed take. 

No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left C

(cm

W07 10 21 1999 39 53 69 51 Leatherback alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 2 15W07 10 21 1999 39 53 69 51 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 2 60 W07 10 23 1999 38 37 72 48 Loggerhead alive, injured head/neck (external) 0 0 2 65 W07 10 23 1999 38 37 72 48 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 1 0 0 15W07 10 26 1999 39 54 70 34 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 80 W07 10 28 1999 39 25 69 31 Leatherback alive, injured not hooked 1 0 12W07 10 31 1999 39 49 69 53 Loggerhead fresh dead beak/mouth 0 0 57 W07 11 1 1999 39 43 70 9 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 0 60 W08 11 26 1999 37 43 74 4 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 4 60 W08 11 27 1999 37 41 74 4 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 55 R02 12 4 1999 35 43 74 44 unknown alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 5 15S20 11 25 1999 25 19 89 34 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 2 18S20 11 30 1999 24 14 83 52 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 2 14P50 11 13 1999 26 36 92 28 unknown alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 12T44 4 23 1999 32 39 72 49 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 12T44 4 23 1999 32 39 72 49 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 70 F67 6 15 1999 32 13 78 23 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 6 15F67 6 15 1999 32 13 78 23 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 48 T45 6 1 1999 32 29 78 5 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 1 48 18S14 5 30 1999 39 52 54 52 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 1 0 0 56 S14 5 30 1999 39 52 54 52 Loggerhead alive, injured flipper 1 0 0 65 S14 5 30 1999 39 52 54 52 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 0 60 S14 6 3 1999 41 36 51 25 Leatherback alive, uninjured unknown other 0 1 12 17S14 6 10 1999 42 22 51 27 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 2 14S14 6 13 1999 41 10 51 24 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 15 20S14 6 16 1999 41 51 50 20 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 17S14 6 16 1999 41 51 50 20 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 10

(ft) 

33
34

No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left 

(ft) 

C

(cm

S14 6 16 1999 41 51 50 20 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 18S14 6 17 1999 42 1 50 25 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 90 S14 6 18 1999 41 59 50 24 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 3 80 S14 6 18 1999 41 59 50 24 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 2 65 S14 6 18 1999 41 59 50 24 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 80 S14 6 18 1999 41 59 50 24 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 4 10S14 6 18 1999 41 59 50 24 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 0 80 S14 6 19 1999 42 3 50 22 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 10 70 S14 6 20 1999 42 14 50 44 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 12S14 6 22 1999 42 24 50 48 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 20S14 6 22 1999 42 24 50 48 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 90 S14 6 23 1999 42 24 50 38 Loggerhead alive, injured flipper 0 0 90 S14 6 23 1999 42 24 50 38 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 90 S14 6 23 1999 42 24 50 38 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 11S14 6 23 1999 42 24 50 38 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 12S10 1 27 1999 28 0 79 25 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 1 6 20S10 1 30 1999 28 0 79 25 Leatherback alive, injured head/neck (external) 0 0 12 20P43 3 1 1999 26 14 91 34 unknown other, unknown unknown other 0 1 20 N34 2 27 1999 20 29 73 50 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 1 70 N34 2 28 1999 20 25 75 50 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 3 80 N34 2 28 1999 20 25 75 50 Loggerhead alive, uninjured not hooked 1 0 85 N34 3 1 1999 20 27 73 50 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 2 10N34 3 4 1999 20 25 73 52 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 2 10N34 3 4 1999 20 27 73 50 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 2 11N34 3 9 1999 20 25 73 52 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 3 65 W03 4 22 1999 28 37 79 29 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 9 16Q09 8 11 1999 31 45 79 5 Leatherback alive, uninjured unknown other 0 0 60 F69 7 16 1999 45 45 43 1 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 71 F69 7 16 1999 45 45 43 0 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 56 F69 7 16 1999 45 45 43 4 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 1 0 0 51 F69 7 17 1999 46 4 43 35 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 64 F69 7 17 1999 46 4 43 35 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 71 F69 7 17 1999 46 4 43 35 Loggerhead alive, injured flipper 0 0 0 48 
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left 

(ft) 

C

(cm

F69 7 19 1999 46 6 43 14 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 1 0 0 46 F69 7 19 1999 46 6 43 14 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 3 66 F69 7 19 1999 46 6 43 14 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 3 71 F69 7 19 1999 46 6 43 14 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 12 18F69 7 19 1999 46 6 43 14 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 71 F69 7 20 1999 46 6 43 1 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 69 F69 7 20 1999 46 6 43 1 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 69 F69 7 20 1999 46 6 43 1 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 2 71 F69 7 20 1999 46 6 43 1 Leatherback alive, uninjured not hooked 1 0 16F69 7 21 1999 45 59 42 46 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 9 18F69 7 21 1999 45 59 42 46 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 10 15F69 7 21 1999 45 59 42 46 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 69 F69 7 21 1999 45 59 42 46 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 1 12 16F69 7 22 1999 42 2 42 36 Loggerhead other, unknown unknown other 66 F69 7 22 1999 46 2 42 36 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 16F69 7 22 1999 46 2 42 36 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 16F69 7 22 1999 46 2 42 36 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 12 18F69 7 22 1999 46 2 42 36 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 18

36 Leatherback alive, uninjured not hooked 1 0 16

F69 7 26 1999 46 18 42 39 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 66 F69 7 27 1999 46 9 42 21 Loggerhead alive, injured head/neck (external) 0 0 8 18F69 7 28 1999 46 9 41 53 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown other 0 0 18 18F69 7 28 1999 46 9 41 53 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 3 66 F69 7 28 1999 46 9 41 53 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 16F69 7 28 1999 46 9 41 53 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 12F69 7 28 1999 46 9 41 53 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 64 F69 7 28 1999 46 9 41 53 Leatherback alive, uninjured not hooked 1 24 16F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 69 F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 4 61 F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Loggerhead other, unknown unknown other 64 F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 3 56 F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Leatherback alive, uninjured not hooked 1 0 15F69 7 22 1999 46 2 42 

35
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left 

(ft) 

C

(cm

F69 7 29 1999 46 0 Leatherback alive, injured unknown other 0 0 12 16F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 12 18F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Leatherback alive, uninjured not hooked 1 0 16F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 12 16F69 7 29 1999 0 41 33 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 16F69 7 29 1999 46 0 41 33 Leatherback not hooked 1 0 15F69 7 30 1999 46 11 41 51 Leatherback alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 10 F69 7 30 1999 46 11 41 51 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 6 66 F69 7 1999 46 11 41 51 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 5 18F69 7 30 1999 46 11 41 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 6 18F69 7 31 1999 46 5 41 33 Leatherback other, unknown unknown other 16F69 7 31 1999 46 5 41 33 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 15 16

41 33

46 

alive, injured 

18

30 

51

F69 7 31 1999 46 5 41 33 Leatherback alive, uninjured 1 0 18F69 3 1999 46 15 41 54 Leatherback flipper 0 0 6 15

8 3 1999 46 15 41 54 alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 5 71 

S17 10 2 1999 28 1 79 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 6 10S18 10 22 1999 31 36 50 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 6 W07 10 21 1999 39 

not hooked 

8 alive, injured 

F69 Loggerhead 

38 

78 11

53 69 51 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 2 75 

W07 10 21 1999 39 53 69 51 alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 75 W07 10 21 1999 53 69 51 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 2 13M01018 1 16 2000 18 6 54 52 alive, injured head/beak 0 0 0.5 95 M01018 1 18 2000 52 53 45 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 1 90 

1 19 2000 27 50 91 21 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown other 0 0 

M01018 1 22 2000 17 55 53 8 alive, injured flipper 0 0 0.5 90 M01018 1 22 M01018 

0

Loggerhead 1

39 

Loggerhead 

17 

T01049 210

Loggerhead 

2000 17 56 53 8 Loggerhead alive, injured head/beak 0 0 0.2 90 

1 23 2000 18 20 53 20 Leatherback alive, injured unknown other 0 0 20 18

2 2000 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown other 0 ? 60 

3 8 2000 31 54.2 78 50.1 Leatherback alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 10 15

S01022 12 28 15.5 74 10.7 2S01023 

36
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left C

(cm

S01023 3 9 2000 31 51.2 78 42.1 Leatherback alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 30 17Q02005 3 21 2000 27 35.3 90 9.9 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 5 12Q02005 3 22 2000 27 38.2 90 3.6 Loggerhead alive, injured head/beak 0 0 3 90 R01005 4 15 2000 28 28 79 3 unknown alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 0 R01005 4 17 2000 28 16 78 55 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 6 12S01025 4 18 2000 28 39.1 79 3.8 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 6 10S01025 4 21 2000 28 43.1 78 45.7 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 2 14A25006 4 22 2000 6

31 

0

79 

6 1

2000 

unknown other 

2000 26 58 89 46 Leatherback alive, injured carapace/plastron 0 0 3 12

P01056 6 14 2000 27 23 89 50 Leatherback alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 2 12J02003 7 12 2000 43 35 45 30 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 0 53 

(ft) 

36 8 74 39 Loggerhead alive, injured unknown other 1 0 0 

P01055 5 16 2000 26 50 89 34 Leatherback alive, injured carapace/plastron 0 0 1 0 J02001 5 28 2000 40 78 40 unknown alive, injured unknown other 0 1 6 90 J02001 5 29 2000 31 45 79 40 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 1 70 K02001 5 31 2000 28 5 30 unknown alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 90  P01056 5 2000 27 11 91 22 Leatherback alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 14P01056 6 7 2000 27 7 89 30 unknown alive, injured unknown beak/mouth 0 0 12 0 P01056 6 11 26 29 90 11 unknown alive, injured unknown other 0 0 20 0 B56038 6 11 2000 37 56 68 46 Leatherback alive, injured 0 1 45 12P01056 6 12

37
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left C

(cm

J02003 7 12 2000 43 31 45 37 Loggerhead alive, injured flipper 1 0 0 5J02003 7 12 2000 43 31 45 38 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 59 J02003 7 15 2000 43 11 51 20 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 4 12J02003 7 15 2000 43 13 51 24 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 0 15J02003 7 30 2000 48 40 43 4 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 2 12Q02009 7 31 2000 26 39 92 29.1 Leatherback alive, injured head/neck (external) 0 0 4 12J02003 8 2 2000 49 25 42 27 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 55 J02003 8 2 2000 49 25 42 24 Leatherback alive, injured unknown other 0 0 5 15P01057 8 4 2000 26 19 90 58 Leatherback alive, injured carapace/plastron 0 0 2 13O02008 8 7 2000 40 51.9 66 9.2 Loggerhead alive, uninjured beak/mouth 1 0 0 72 P01057 8 7 2000 26 51 92 13.2 Leatherback alive, injured carapace/plastron 0 0 20 13P01057 8 7 2000 26 51 92 13 Leatherback alive, injured carapace/plastron 0 0 2 13

(ft) 

38
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left C

(cm

T01054 8 9 2000 39 54 68 48 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 1 6W01013 8 9 2000 39 55 69 20 Loggerhead alive, uninjured unknown other 0 0 0 45 T01054 8 10 2000 40 4 68 40 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 0 80 T01054 8 11 2000 40 1 68 37 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 0 15W01013 8 11 2000 39 52 70 28 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 60 60T01054 8 12 2000 40 0 68 59 Loggerhead other, unknown unknown other 2 2 0 76 T01054 8 16 2000 40 36 66 50 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 2 90W01013 8 20 2000 39 40 72 3 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 1 50 W01013 8 22 2000 39 47 71 36 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 2 45 0 M01020 8 25 2000 46 17.1 44 54.3 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 1 0 0 0 M01020 8 27 2000 44 54.8 47 3.3 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 0 M01020 8 28 2000 44 42.5 47 23 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 0 M01020 8 30 2000 44 44.2 48 23 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 0 M01020 9 3 2000 43 20.6 51 30.5 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 0 

(ft) 

39
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left C

(cm

S01028 9 4 2000 31 28 79 1 Loggerhead other, unknown unknown other 2 2 40 90 M01020 9 4 2000 43 13.7 51 28.9 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 0 Q02010 9 4 2000 26 59.5 93 46.9 Leatherback alive, injured unknown other 0 0 30 0 M01020 9 5 2000 43 23.7 51 39.3 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 1 0 12M01020 9 5 2000 43 14.1 51 14.5 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 1 0 11S01028 9 6 2000 31 22 78 55 Leatherback alive, uninjured not hooked 0 1 0 17M01020 9 12 2000 43 13.9 51 27.5 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 0 13J02004 9 20 2000 39 56 70 41 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 60 J02004 9 21 2000 39 47 71 20 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 60 

(ft) 

40
No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left C

(cm

J02004 9 21 2000 39 46 71 34 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 45 W01014 9 22 2000 39 53 68 27 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 50 J02004 9 22 2000 39 49 71 44 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 60 J02004 9 23 2000 39 50 71 48 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 1 75 T01055 10 6 2000 37 20 74 20 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 3 15T01055 10 6 2000 37 22 74 20 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 6 12T01055 10 6 2000 37 25 74 20 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 5 10J02005 10 19 2000 45 29 45 21 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 6J02005 10 19 2000 45 26 45 20 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 65 J02005 10 19 2000 45 23 45 18 Leatherback alive, injured head/neck (external) 0 0 3 12J02005 10 19 2000 45 24 45 18 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 59 J02005 10 19 2000 45 23 45 18 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 55 J02005 10 24 2000 46 1 44 3 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 56 J02005 10 24 2000 46 0 44 3 Loggerhead alive, injured ingested (throat/esophagus) 0 0 0 6

(ft) 

41
42

No/Yes/Unknown 

0/1/2 

trip m d y lat deg lat min lon deg lon min species condition hook location 

hook 

removed entangled

line left 

(ft) 

C

(cm

J02005 10 24 2000 45 59 44 7 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 1 0 0 4J02005 10 31 2000 41 36 51 9 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 1 12J02005 10 31 2000 41 38 51 14 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 3 15J02005 10 31 2000 41 39 51 17 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 1 12S01031 11 6 2000 26 46.2 79 53.8 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 3 80 S01031 11 8 2000 31 54 79 40.1 Loggerhead alive, injured flipper 0 0 6 80 S01031 11 10 2000 15.3 31 39.1 79 Leatherback alive, uninjured unknown other 1 0 0 15J02005 11 10 2000 40 47 66 36 Leatherback alive, injured head/neck (external) 0 1 1 12J02005 11 13 2000 40 49 66 35 Leatherback alive, injured unknown other 0 0 1 15K02003 12 11 2000 40 32 66 59 Loggerhead alive, injured beak/mouth 0 0 0 45 S01032 12 13 2000 28 24.3 78 15.1 Leatherback alive, injured flipper 0 0 6 16