Registry No. 1748-1-11 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

MOTION PICTURE 

LABORATORY INDUSTRY 

AS SUBMITTED ON AUGUST 18, 1933 

AND 

AS APPROVED ON SEPTEMBER 7, 1933 

BY 

PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT 

WE DO OUR PART 

1. Executive Order of President Roosevelt 

2. Report of Administrator 

3. Report of Deputy Administrator 

4. Text of Code 

U NITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTI NG OF F.i E 

W ASHI GTON : 1933 

For sale by the uperintende nt of Docume nts. Was hingwn, D. 
SUBMITTED BY 

MOTION-PICTURE LABORATORIES ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA, INC. 

(II) 

I 
EXECUTIVE ORDER-CODE OF FAIR COJVIPETITION 

MOTION PICTURE LABORATORY INDUSTRY 

An appli ation having been duly made pur uant to and in full 

complian e ith the provi ions of Titl L of the National Industrial R coy r Act approv d June 16, 1933 for niy approval of a 

ode of Fair ompetition for the :Motion Picture Laboratory Indu tr and a hearing having been held thereon and the Administrator havino· rendered his report containing an analy i of the aid 

ode of Fair ompetition toaether with hi recommendations an l 

findings with re pect thereto, and the Admini trator having found 

that the aid Code of Fair Competition complies in all re pects with 

ih pertinent provi ion of Titl I of aid Act and that the requirements of lause (1) and (2) of sub ection (a) of ection 3 of the 

said Act have been p1et: 

Now therefore, I FR.ANKUN D. Roo EYELT, President of the United 

tate pur uant to the authorit ve ted in me by Ti le I of the 

National Indu trial Recovery Act, approved J nne 16 1933 and 

otherwi e do adopt and appro e the report, r ecommendation and 

finding of the Admini trator, and do order that the said Code of 

Fair omp ti ion be, and it is h reby, approved. 

pproval Recommended : 

HuGH . JoH oN, 

Adn1inistrator. 

EPTEMBER 7, 1933. 

FRANKLIN D. R OSEVELT. 

<m> 
REPORT OF THE ADMINISTRATOR 

To THE PRESIDENT. 

SEPTEMBER -, 1933. 

INTRODUCTION 

This is a report of the Hearing on the Code of Fair Competition 

for the :Motion Picture Laboratory Industry in the United States, 

conducted in the Small Auditorium of the United States Chamber 

of Commerce Building in Washington, D.C., on August 31, 1933, in 

accordance with the provisions of the National Industrial Recovery 

Act. 

The following papers are included and annexed : 

1. Code submitted. 

2. Notice of Hearing. 

3. Statement of procedure. 

4. Transcript of Record. 

5. Report of the Deputy. 

GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INDUSTRY 

The Motion Picture Laboratory Industry embraces those estab· 

lishments in which motion picture film is developed, printed, or 

otherwise processed. There are approximately 38 firms in the 

United States rendering full laboratory developing service, and an 

undetermined number of other firms in the country rendering oc~ 

e;asional motion picture laboratory service. Out of the 1932 total 

volmne of approximately one billion feet of film developed in the 

motion picture laboratories, members of the Motion Picture L abora. 

tories Association of America, Inc., developed approximately 90 

percent thereof. 

Approximately 3,500 laboratory workers are employed throughout 

the United States in motion picture laboratories. 

For the fir t time in the history of the industry, classification of 

workers, minimum rates of pay, and maximum number of hours of 

employment have been provided. 

The motion picture laboratory workers have been paid at an 

hourly rate. Under the Code, any regular laboratory workers including apprentices are guaranteed a minimum wage of $15.00 per 

week no matter how few hours they may actually work during any 

week. This provision, of course, represents a radical departure from 

the method in vogue for payment of regular workers heretofore. 

The Code further provides that in the case of employes receivin<Y 

less than $35.00 per week for a forty-four hour week heretofore such 

employes under the Code will receive the same wage as heretofore 

for a forty-hour week. 

(IV) 
v 

TilE DE 

The f Fair Competition as reYi ed and presente. l by this 

Inclu tr r gulated the maximum number of workino- hour and 

m1n1mum wao·e f r all mploy s mployed in su hIndu ry, and its 

fair pra ti 1 r vi ion have b en especially de igned to guard fair 

om petition. 

I find that: 

(a) The ode a revi eel complies in all respect with the pertinent 

proYi ion of Titl I of the Act including without limitation , ub-

~ cti n (a) of ction 7 and ub ection (b) of Section 10 thereof; 

and that 

(b) The :Motion Pictur Laboratories As ociation of America, Inc., 

impone no inequitable r trictions upon admi ion to member hip 

ther in an i truly reprev ntative of the motion-picture laboratory 

indu. try · and that 

(c) The Code i not de igned to eliminate or oppress mall ent rri e an l will not operate to discri1ninate again t them, and will 

t nd to effectuate the policy of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recover Act. ccor tingly, I adopt the report of the D puty A imini trator and 

I hereb. re ommend the approval of the ole of Fair Competition 

for the ~foti n-Pi ture Laboratory Industry. 

Re pectfull y su bmi tte l. 

H uaH S. J oHN oN, 

A dndnistrator. 
REPORT OF THE DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR 

To THE NATIONAL REcOVERY ADMINISTRATOR. 

SEPTEMBER 5, 1933. 

REPORT OF DEPuTY ADMINISTRATOR ON THE CoDE oF FAIR CoMPETI~ 

TION FOR THE MO'l.'ION PICTURE LABORATORY INDUSTRY 

GENERAL STATE1\IENT 

On August 18, 1933, there was submitted to the National Recovery 

Administrator a proposed Code for the Motion Picture Laboratory 

Industry. 

Such proposed Code was signed and transmitted by the Motion 

Picture Laboratories Association of America, Inc., the membership 

of which comprises approximately 90 percent of the volume of the 

laboratory industry in feet of film developed and approximately 42 

percent of the firms engaged in motion picture laboratory work. 

That is, out of a total volume of business for 1932 of approximately 

one billion feet of film developed by motion-picture laboratories in 

this country, the membership of such A sociation developed approximately 90 percent thereof. 

'l'HE PUBLIC HEARING 

A Public Hearing was held and completed on August 31, 1933, 

in the Small Auditorium of the United States Chamber of Commerce Building, Washington, D.C. A list of witnesses is contained 

in the transcript of record of such Public Hearing. 

Upon the Public H earing the following sat with your Deputy 

as Advisers : 

vVilliam P. Farnsworth, Legal Division; H. F. Fraser, Consumers' Ad-visory Board; Donall IC \V allace, Research and Plam1ing 

Division; R. H. Cochrane, Inclu trial \.dvisory Board; L. lVI. vVicklein, Labor Advisory Board; E. J. Rosenberg, Special Adviser. 

All elements of the Industry were heard and the statistical position of the Industry was sati. factorily presented. Communications 

received from interested parties who had not requested to be heard 

were read into the record. As a result of conferences held prior 

to the Public Hearing, the Association submitting the Code offered 

and recommended certain changes and amendments. 

CONFERENCE AFTER THE HEARING 

Following the Public Hearing a conference was hell with the 

representatives of all groups present, together with the Advisers. 

As a result of the conference, each and every matter involving employers, labor, and the consumers, was considered and with the 

unanimous approval of all parties was agreed upon. 

(VI) 
VII 

THE CODE A REV! ED 

For the fir t time in the hi tory of this industry minimum wages 

and maximum number of hours of employment are provided for, 

tog ther with a o-uaranteed minimum weekly wage. 

Th re are ar proximately 3,500 laboratory worker emplo eel in 

the United State and by reason of the labor provi ion in the Code 

a revi eel there will be an increa e of wages approximately from 

10'/c to 12'/c abol"e the current rate of waae , an increa e in employment of approximately 15% abo' e the present number of per ons 

mpl . e l a laboratory worker , and an advance of approximately 

$6 0 .00 per week upon the pay rolls of the Industry. 

BRIEF AXALY IS OF THE PROYI ION OF THE RE\'I ED CODE 

(a) With the approval of the Pre ident, there is con tituted an 

Admini tratil"e Recovery Committee compri ing the Board of Dir ctor of the A , ociation, and not more than three repre entatives 

appointed by the Pre ident or the National Recovery Admini trator, 

and two repre entativ s of the employee cho en by a fair method 

of selection to be approved by the Admini trator with re pect to 

que tion affectina labor. Final det rmination of the vropo als con- sid r d by uch ommitt e re t with the Administrator. 

(b) :Minimum waae for all clas e of employees accordina to 

cla ification with a mini1num guarantee of 15.00 per week are 

provi led for. H retofore the e work r hav b en pail on an 

houri. r ba i th ir w ekly pay having b en d t rmined by th numb r f hour th a tually worked. nder the ode uch employees 

ar auarant ed a minimum of 15.00 per week. 

(c) Forty hour i tabli heel a the workino- week xcept in 

ca of em rg nc ' hi h is trictly defined and limit d o that 

V: n with m r n y work over a tw lv -we k I eriod the worker 

w1ll not lab r l ng r than 4 0 h ur. . Th ode provid that he 

work r hall r c iv f r a 40-hour w k he arne pay h r tofore 

for a 44-h ur w k. 

ll th r n ploy 

n fit an 1 a antao- f th pr v1 ·1 r 

mpl . m nt £IT m nt with r . p t t th ir n inimum 

an 1 th ir h ur , too ar limit d to a 40-h ur w ek. 

) hilcl lab r i ntir ly f rl ill n; an appr nti ar limited 

t. n ' ar mpl ym nt a u h. 

{f) llina b I w i n t rmitt 1 in th In lu. trv n the 

unfair tra pr viou ly pra tic 1n th Industry are 

forbi l n. 
VIII 

The revised Code is approved and adopted by the authorized representatives of the Association and by the authorized representative 

of the employees, as appears from their consent in writing appended 

hereto. 

There are also appended hereto the reports on the revised Code 

of the Industrial Advisory Board, Labor Advisory Board, Consumers' Advisory Board, Research ancl Planning Division, and Legal 

Division. 

Your Deputy finds that: 

(a) The Code as revised complies in_ all respects with the pertiment provisions of Title I of the Act including, without limitations, 

subsection (a) of Section 7 and subsection (b) of Section 10 thereof; 

a.nd that 

(b) The :Motion Picture Laboratories Association of America, 

Inc., imposes no inequitable restrictions upon admission to membership therein and is truly representative of the motion-picture 

laboratory industry; and that 

(c) The Code is not designed to eliminate or oppress small enterpri es and will not operate to discriminate against them, and will 

ttmd to effectuate the policy of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act. 

Accordingly, I hereby recommend the approval of the Code of 

Fair Competition for the Motion Picture Laboratory Industry. 

Respectfully submitted. " 

Attachments. 

SoL A. RosENBLATT, 

Deputy Adn1inistrator. 
APPROVAL OF THE ADOPTION OF THE REVISED CODE OF 

FAIR OMPETITION FOR THE MOTION PICTURE LABORATORY 

INDUSTRY 

The un l r i ·ned do h reby appr ve and adopt the de for the 

:M tion Pi tur Laborat ry Indu try a finally revi ed. 

re 

l\1oTI N PrcTURE LABORATORIES o F A I ERI A INc. 

B it com miLt e duly authorized to approv and adopt uch Code : 

ALVAN FRIEDl\I.AN 

President. 

STEPHEN I-I. ELLER, 

'ecr t(J;ry. 

Tor EY.AN 

T1 i e Pr sident. H ERBERT J. y ATE 

Ohah'1nan of the Boa'rd. 

The under igned, repr entino· labor, lo hereby apprm e and adopt 

for the Motion Picture Laboratory Indn tr as finally 

AL. J. OPPA 

~d lwl'iz d R ep1•e entative foT l nte'rnational Alliance Theatrical tage Employees and A! otion P-icture Jlf ciChine 

Op rator of tlze United tat and Canada. 

SAL. J. COPPA, 

Autlwr i::~ecl R epre. entative fo?' Local 669, Film Technician;; 

of the !If otion Pictu.1·e lndu try. 

EPTEl\IBER 1 1 33. 

(IX) 
REPORT OF LEGAL DIVISION 

SEPTEMBER 5, 1933. 

To: Deputy Administrator Sol A. Rosenblatt. 

From: William P. Farnsworth, Legal Division. 

Subject: The Code of Fair Competition for the Motion Picture 

Laboratory Industry 

I have examined the report of the Deputy Administrator and the 

revised Code to be submitted to the Administrator, and find them 

correct as to form. · 

I have also examined the Constitution and Bylaws of the proponents of the Code, and find that they contain no inequitable restrictions on 1nembership, that they do not promote or tend to promote 

monopolies or monopolistic practices, and that they do not oppress or 

discriminate against small enterprises. 

This Code marks a further advance in sociological development by 

specifying a minimum weekly wage, although the employees are 

compensated on the basis of an hourly rate. This minimum wage 

will be received by them whether or not they work the full time 

required to earn such wage at the hourly rates specified. 

Respectfully submitted. 

"\VILLIA '[ P. FARNSWORTH, 

Legal Division, N.R.A. 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION, 

Washington, D.O., Septe1nber 1, 1933. 

Mr. SoL A. RosENBLATT, 

Deputy Administrator, 

National R ecove1·y Administration, Washington, D.O. 

DEAR MR. RosENBLATT : In connection with the final draft of the 

Code for the Motion Picture Laboratory Industry, we transmit herewith signed copy of a report from l\1r. Robert H. Cochrane, Industrial Advisor for that industry, which report has the endorsement of 

the Industrial Advisory Board. 

Very truly yours, 

E. R. STETTINius, Jr., 

Washington R epresentative Industrial Advisory Board. 

Enclosure. 

(x) 
To: Indu trial Ad vi ory Board. 

Fr m: R b rt I-I. ochrane. 

XI 

A G T 31 1D 3. 

ubj ct : R p rt of tch-i er to the Indu trial Ad i ory Board on the ~lotion Pi ture Laboratory Code. 

Y ur A lYi er dul appointed by the Indu trial Ad vi ory Board 

t attend up n the Publi Hearing on the Motion Picture Laborat ry 

Inclu tr od report a follo"s: 

Your Ad vi er met the D put_ Admini trator, ol A. Ro enblatt, on 

the mornin · of Augu t 31st, 1933· accompanied him to the H earing 

on the above ode at the Sn1all Auditorium of the United States 

Cha.mber of on1merce Builcling held commencing at a.pproxima.tely 

10 A.~I. on thi elate. Your Advi er at through uch Hearino- until 

it compl tion approximately two hours after its conm1encement. Your Ad vi er reports that all elements of the Industry were 

heard \"ery fully and impartially. 

Your Ad vi er believes that the tatistical po ition of the In lustry 

\\a sati factorily presented by the Industry. Followino- the Public Hearing, your Adviser sat with the Advi er of other Boards at a conference called by the Deputy Admini - trator, commencing at 2 P .~1. on August 31st, and remained through 

such conference until each and every matter was fully and finally 

eli po eel of by mutual agreement and with the approval of tho 

Deput Admini trator. 

The labor provi ion , your Adviser believes, are entirely ati - factory. The percentage of increa e of wages is believed to approximate from 10% to 12 o aboYe the pre ent current rate of wage , and the in rea e in employment i e timatecl at appro:rimatel. 15% 

above the pre ent number of men emplo} eel as workers in the 

Industry. 

The Code as revi eel for this Indu try it is estimated represents 

an approximate advance of $6 000 per week upon the pay rolls of the 

In lu try. 

The normal op ratino- concliti n of the Industry appear to be 

adequately provi led for and the mero·ency requirements of the Indu try e peciall with r pect to p cial ru h work in dev lopinO" 

print appear to be ati factoril. taken care of. 

The tandar l. and terms of the Code r o-ar ling materials, tra l 

t rm and trade practi es ar in your Ad vi er opini n. fair an l 

equitabl to all concerned. 

From th foreo-oino- it is apparent that the op ration of th 

on lab r indu tr and the consumer will pro e ben ficial. 

Th r are no recommen lation on ontrover ial point -all and 

any f . uch point having b n ami ·ably a lju. t l at th c n£ r n 

following th I-I aring, at whi ·h ur A lvi er and the D puty 

mini trat r a abov . tat d attend 1. 

Y ur Ad vi r i particular! tru k with the fin f ling that is 

left in all ranch of the Indu tr a a r ult of today Hearing 

both publi · and rivate an l w ull f lr mi . in hi duty if he did 

not parti ularly c mmen l the articularly fine work done by 1r. 

R enblatt. 

R pectfully submitt d. 

RoBERT H. CocHRANE. 
REPORT OF LABOR ADVISORY BOARD 

SHEET METAL WoRKERs' INTERNATIONAL AssoCIATION, 

Washington, D.O., S eptember 1, 1933. 

Dr. LEo W OLl\I.AN, 

Ohair1nan, Labor Advis~ry Board, National Recovery Administration, Washington, D.O. 

DEAR Sm : Having been appointed Labor Advisor on Code for the ~{otion Picture Laboratory Industry, I appeared for the hearing 

which was conducted under the able guidance of Deputy Administrator Mr. Sol A. Rosenblatt, beginning at 10: 00 A.M. Thursday, 

August 31st. · · 

All witnesses were given ample opportunity to present facts and 

figures pertinent to the inquiry, and the purpose, intent, and probable 

effect of the Labor provisions submitted by each side were fully 

developed. In the later executive sessions we were able to reach an 

accord based on the needs and requirements of the Industry, and at 

the same time comply with the terms of the Industrial Recovery 

Act. So far as the Labor Provisions are concerned, I am sure they 

are intende l to effectuate the Policy of the Title of the Act and that 

in actual practice they will stand this test. 

It may appear to you that the "hours of labor" section pennitting 

more than the forty hours will operate to defeat the purpose of the 

Act and prevent employment of additional men. However, we 

found a peculiar condition which in the opinion of all elements in the 

Industry required such an emergency provision, and it will not 

result in exce sive hours for a limited number to the detrim.ent ol 

the unemployed. 

The fact that a complete agree1nent was reached within the day 

indicates a spirit of tolerance and fair play on the part of all concerned, and ·w-hile the others can speak for themselves, my guess is 

that they would join me in saying that the bulk of the credit belongs 

t o Mr. Rosenblatt. 

Very truly yours1 

L. :rtf. WrcKLEIN. 

SEPTEMBER 1, 1933. 

~1emorandum to: Sol A. Rosenblatt. 

From: William N. Loucks Consumers' Advisory Board. Subject: Report on Code of Fair Competition in the Motion Picture 

Laboratory Industry. 

The Con umers' Advisory Board approves of this code in its 

final form. 

(XII) 

WILLIAM N. Loucxs, 

Consumers' Advisory Board. 
XIII 

Memorandum to: l\1r. Rosenblatt. 

From : D. IC. Wall a e. 

SEPTEMBER 1, 1933. 

uubject: fotion Picture Laboratory Industry. 

From the facts di closed at the public hearing bearing on the 

l\1otion Picture Laboratory Industry and from facts di closed 

through inve tigation by the Re earch and Plannino- Divi ionstatistical information being limited, obscure and extremely unsatisfactory-it has been definitely ascertained that the code as 

proposed should increase the number of wage earners in this particular type of laboratory work approximately 10% or by 350 individua.ls. It i also quite probable that total pay rolls will be 

increased proportionately. 

Insofar as the code is designed to in1prove conditions in the Motion Picture Laboratory Indu try and to encourage production our 

division is satisfied with it as it stands modified, amended, or changed 

by the Deputy Administrator. 

Fron1: Emanuel J. Ro enberg. 

To : Sol A. Rosenblatt. 

DoN .ALD IC W .ALLACE. 

AuG sT 31, 1033. 

Subject: Report of Special Adviser to the Deputy Administrator on 

the Motion Picture Laboratory Industry Code. 

As Special Adviser the undersigned attended the Public H earing 

on the Motion Picture Laboratory Industry Code, held on August 

31 t 1933, at the Small Auditorium of the United States Chamber o:f 

Commerce Building, completed approximately two hours after its 

commencement and thereafter attended private hearing of all the 

Advisers representatives of the Association, and labor group, held 

during the afternoon of this day. 

The under igned makes report that in his opinion the intere ts 

of all group concerned in the Industry, including the muller laborator firm , have been amply protected and taken care of and 

that the intere ts of labor have been wholly safeguarded. 

The under igned further reports that all matters have been atisfactorily an amicably adjusted between all group , and as a re ult 

of the Code1 in the opinion of the under igned, more men will be 

employed h1gher wages paid, and all per ons in the Indu try net;esarily benefited. 

The un ler igned wishes to particularly commend the fine n e of 

fairne s toward both employ r and mployee exhibited by your 

honorable self. 

R pectfully ubmitted. 

El\-L\NUEL J. Ro E.c~ BEna, 

pemal Advi.ser. 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE MOTION-PICTURE 

LABORATORY INDUSTRY 

ARTICLE I-PURPOSES 

1. Gene1·al Pu1·pose.-This Code of Fair Competition is adopted 

pursuant to the National Industrial Hecovery Act and for the purpo e of carrying out the aims set forth in Title I &ction 1, of the 

Act in ofar as they are applicable to the lVIotion-Picture Laboratory 

Industry. · 2. P~11rpos s Excluded.-This Code is not designed to promote 

monopolies and shall not be availed of for that purpose. It is not 

designed to eliminate or oppress small enterprises and it shall not 

be operated to discriminate against them. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

1. The term " laboratory " as used herein shall include all estab- lishments in which manufactured motion-picture film is de eloped, printed or otherwise processed. 

2. The term "person" as used herein shall include individuals, 

partnerships, associations, tru ts, joint-stock companies, and corporations, without limitation. 

3. The term 'employer" as u ed herein shall include any per on, 

without limitation, employing individuals in the business of the 

operation of a motion-picture laboratory. 

4. The term " employee " as nsed herein hall include any individual engaged in office or other work of an employer as d fined 

herein, or in developing, printing, or otherwise I roce ing motionpicture film. 

5. The tern1 President " as u ed herein hall 1nean the Pre id nt 

of the United tate of America. 

6. The initials 'N.I.R.A." as u ed herein hall mean the National 

In iu ... trial Recovery Act. 

7. The term "A ociation" as use h r in hall mean the :Motion 

Picture Laboratories As ociation of Am rica, Inc. Th term 

" Board " hall mean the Board of Director f the A sociation. 

ARTICLE III-ADMINI TRATI0-

1. .Ad?ninistTative R ecove1·y Oom1nitt .-A committee to be 

h."'lown a the Admini trativ Recov ry ommitt and her inn.ft r 

ref rred to as the Recovery ommitt omgri in f)' he B n.r l and 

not mor than thre r pr ntative of the v rnment to b appointed by the Pre id nt or the ational R 0\er. r A clminj, tr tor, 

shall apply this Code. As an l wh n any que tions inYolvino- labor 

(1) 
2 

directly or indirectly are to be considered by the Recovery Committee, two representatives of the employee , chosen by a fair method 

of selection to be approved by the National Recovery Administrator, 

shall it with and become for such purposes members of the Recovery 

Committee. 

2. The Recovery Committee shall cooperate with the Aclm_inistrator in making investigations as to the f unctioning or observances of any provisions of the Code, in its own instance or .on the 

report of any person and shall report to the Administrator on any 

such matters. It may go directly to original sources for information strictly pertinent to the observances of the Code, all of which 

shall be subject to the appro' al of the Administrator. 

3. The members of the Recovery Committee hall constitute a 

second committee, to be lmown as the A rbitration Boar l. In case 

any controversy arises between two or more employer laboratories on 

any issues, upon consent of the employ~r laboratories all facts shall 

be made available to the Arbitration Board, which shall act as Arbitrator, and upon being fully advised in the matter, in accordance 

with rules approved by the Administrator, shall render its decision. 

The Arbitration Board's decision shall be binding upon the laboratories involved, and each shall abide by same. 

4. In order that the President may be informed of the extent of 

ob ervance of the provisions of this Code and of the extent to which 

the declared policy of the National Industrial Recovery Act as stated 

herein is being effectuated in the motion-picture laboratories industry, 

persons subject to the jurisdiction of this Code shall upon request 

make periodically to the Recovery Con1mittee such report on wages, 

hour of labor, conditions of employment, number of employees, and 

other lata pertinent to the purposes of this Code as may be required, and shall pay as a code fee, if the fees and dues of the Association 

be insufficient, upon his acceptance of the benefits of this Code, his 

proportionate share of the amounts necessary to pay the cost -of 

assembling, analysis, and publication of such reports and data. The 

first report hereunder shall be made to the National Recovery Administrator within sixty days after the approval of this Code by the 

President. 

5. I nvestigations.-If any employer laboratory declines to permit 

the personnel of the Recovery Committee, acting under this Article, 

to examine its books, records, or other c:ources of information, the 

Committee may suggest the names of not less than three firms of 

certified public accountants of reputable standing in the motionpicture field, and if the employer laboratory shall indicate a choice 

among the three firms, the Recovery Committee shall employ the firm 

designated by the employer laboratory in making the investigation 

of that laboratory. 

ARTICLE IV-El\IPLOYl\IENT 

1. Age of E1nployees.-N o employer shall employ. any employee 

under the age of 16 years. Provided, however, that where a State 

law provides a higher minimum age, no person below the age specified by such State law shall be employed within that State. 
3 

2. H oun of Labor.-1. No emplo. er hall work an emplo ee 1n 

ex s of eight hours in any one day or in exc of 40 hours in 

any on week xcept in an emergency and then not in exce s f 

60 h ur and und r no cir um tance in ex s of 4 0 hours in a 

twel v -week period. 

2. ill m rgency is defin d to be a condition re ultinrr from an 

abn nnal or irregular deliv ry to the laboratory of new reel or 

studio neaative accon1panied by an order for newsreel prints or 

dailie or ru h prints; also, the neces ity for r epair and maintenance. 

When two or n1ore shifts are regularly employed, emergency work 

hall be equally distributed between the hifts. 

3. The hours of labor above provided for in subdivision 1 of 

thi ection and the additional remuneration for overtime as hereinafter provided for certain employees, shall not apply to executi \Te foremen, or assi tant foremen who are not mechanical or 

operating emplo ees. 

3. Rates of Pay.- (A) In laboratories employing 20 or less in 

number of mechanical laboratory workers, employers shall pay: 

(a) 1\Iechanical workers, except apprentices, a minimum wage of 

50 cents per hour with a guarantee of payment to each such regular 

worker of not less than $15.00 per week. 

(b) Apprentices a minimum wage of 40 cents per hour with a 

guarantee of payment to each such regular apprentice of not le s 

than $15.00 per week. 

(c) All other regular employees not le s than $15.00 per week in 

any city of over 500,000 population or in the immediate trade area 

of such city; nor le s than $14.50 per week in any city of between 

25 000 and 500,00b population, or in the immediate trade area of 

such city; nor le than $14.00 per week in any city of bet-ween 2 500 

and 2~0,000 population, or in the immediate trade area of such city ; 

and in town of le s than 2,500 population, not less than $12.00 

per eek. 

( l) Time and on half waae to any employee for the time during 

whi h he may work in e:s:c ~ of eight hours in any one lay, :s:cept 

to em plo e eno·aged in the I roce ing of newsreel , who hall 

r e ei-v traio·h time for such overtim . ( ) All employee beina paid at a rate of le s than $3~ .00 per 

week as of July 1, 19' , no I er rate of wage ba ed on 40 hour of 

w rk I er w k than was pai 1 such re pective employ es for 44 

h urs of work per week as of July 1 1933 · and any readju tment of 

wag · ne itat by omplinnce ith thi ode hall be on an 

uitable ba i . ( ) In laboratori emplo rino- more than 20 in number of mechan• 

i al laboratory worker mployers hall pa : 

(a) e hanical worker la ifiecl a follow at a rate on the 

basi of the f llowing minimum we kly wage cales f r 40 hours 

of rk per w ek : 
4 

. Per week Developmg Departments : Machine Opera tors ______________________________________________ $30. 00 

Chemical Mixers _____ :_ ________________ __ ________________________ 35. 00 

Negative Cutting D epartment: Negative Cutters ______ _____ _____________________________________ 33.00 

Negative Joiners ______ __ ___ _____ ________________________________ 25.00 

Timing Department : 

Eye Tin1ers----------------------------------------- ------------ 80.00 

Assistant Timers__________ __________________ ____________ ________ 45. 00 

Test Machine Timers___ _________________________________________ 50. 00 

Printing Department: Printers--all classes_____________________________________________ 25. 00 

Nega tive Cleaners __________ _____________________________________ 25.00 

Ila\v Stock Clerk ___ ___________ __________________________________ 25.00 

Negative Vault Tende r___________________________________________ 30. 00 

Assembly D epartment: 

Positive J oiners ______________________________ __ __ _______________ 21.25 

Examiners __ __ ____ ______________________________________________ 21.75 

'Vaxers ___ _________ __ ____________ _____ __________________________ 20.00 

Inspection Department: Inspectors ___________________________________ 25. 00 

Title Room: Title Oameram2n__ ______________________________________ 30. 00 

Shipping Department: Shipping Clerk________ __ _____ _________________ 25. 00 

Maintenance (Mechani<.:al) : Mech a n ics and Electricians______________ 30. 00 

Apprentices : All Departments _______ ___________________ _:_ __ _______ ___ 20. 00 

Helpers: All Departments______ _______________________ ______________ 20. 00 

with a guarantee of pa.yment to each regular worker or apprentice 

of not less than $15.00 per week. 

(b) All other employees not less than $15.00 per week in any 

city of over 500,000 population or in the immediate trade area of 

such city; nor less than $14.50 per week in any city of between 

250,000 and 500,000 population, or in the immediate trade area of 

such city; nor less than $14.00 per week in any city of between 

2,500 and 250,000 population, or in the immediate trade area of such 

city; and in towns of less than 2,500 population, not less than $12.00 

per week. 

Provided, however, that if any of the foregoing employees work 

more than eight hours in any one day, then such employees shall 

be paid time and one half for the time during which such employees 

work in excess of eight hours, except employees engaged in the 

processing of newsreels, who shall receive straight time for such 

overtime. 

(b) Each foreman in departments employing ten employees or 

less shall be paid 10 percent over the average salaries paid in those 

respective departments; and each foreman in departments employing more than ten employees shall be paid 20 percent over the 

average salaries paid in those respective departments. 

(c) All employees being paid at a rate of less than $35.00 per week 

as of July 1, 1933, shall be paid no lesser rate of wage based on 40 

hours of work per week than was paid such respective employees for 

44 hours of work per week as of July 1, 1933; and any readjustment 

of wages necessitated by compliance with this Code shall be on an 

equitable basis. 

4. Apprentices.-!. No employer shall employ any employee as 

an apprentice for more than 12 months, and no employer shall at 

any time employ apprentices of a number greater than 10 percent 

of the total number of employees. 
5 

5. Condition of E1npl01Jf7W7lt.-(a) Employee hall have the 

ri ht to organize and bargain collectiv ly through r pr entati s 

of their own hoo ing, and hall be free from the inter£ r n e, retraint or coercion of emplo r of labor, or th ir a nt , in the 

de ignation of uch repr entative or in self-o;rganization or in 

other concerted activitie for the purr o e of collective bargaining 

or other mutual aid or protection. 

(b) No employee and no one eeking employment hall be required a a condition of mployment to join any company union r 

to refrain from joining, organizing, or a sisting a labor organization 

of hi own chao ing. 

(c) Employer hall comply with the maximum hours of labor, 

minimum rate of pay an l other conditions of employment approved 

or prescribed by the Pre ident. 

ARTI LE V-INDU TRY REGULATIONS 

1. elling B elow Cost Not Pe1'1nitted.-(a) No laboratory hall 

ell its product or ervices below the co t of uch products or services. For thi purpose cost i defined as the co t of dire t labor 

plu the co t of material I lu an a lequate amount of overhea l, 

including an amount for the u e of any plant faciliti empl ycd, 

as determined by co t accounting metho l re ognized in the inclu try 

and approved y the Recovery 10mmittee. In computing co of 

materials the co t of raw tock hall not be lower than the tan lard 

n1arket price at which raw tack i · currently being offered to laboratorie . A and when any '"'tandarcl co t accountina method i r commended by th Re overy ommittee it hall be ubject to the advance 

approval of the National RecoYery A !mini tr·ator. 

b) The provi ion· f the foreo·oing para 0Taph hall not apply 

\Tith respect to products or erYi ·e sold in the performance of a 

bona fide contra tin writing execut d and deliv re l pri r to \.uo·u t 

7 1933. 2. A'rbitration of Exi.·ting ontract ·.-1. \Yh re th ·o. t to th 

laborat r of x cuting ntracts nter l into in th motion-pictur 

in lu tr ar in r a · l by th application of t.h proYi ion. of the 

...... R. . or the ode it i · c 1uit. bl and promoiiYe f th purpo · of 

the .I.R.A. that a1 prorriat adju.-tm nt.- f. n h ntra ·t · tor ft ct 

uch incr • ·eel c t · lJ an·i ,. d at by arbitral pro din~ · or otherwi e an l th m mb ~ f th oarcl . hall n. itute themselY : a 1 mmitt e to a i. in if uatino- .-u h aclj u:tm nt . 

o. Fal'e R coNl'.-1. T la oratory . hall willful! ' maintain an 

in orr ct impr 1 r r ful m th 1 o~f d t rmining o~t. 

4. nfair Tnale Pra tic .-1. rl h foll wing ar l dar d t be 

unfair trn l pra ti in the in lu tr ': 

(a) ny willful att 'mpt to in In a 

contra t r t pr Y nt th 1 rf rman 

ervi und r any bona ficl ntra t. 

( ) To ff or c n · al 1 ri li ·crimination 

xi ·ting b n 't fi l 

ntractual lut · or 

allowan of r t r bat r fund r dit. r un arn 

wheth r in th f rm of m n y r gift.: th a 

at mar than th true mark t Yalu , he xt 1 

lege not u ually ex nded in the indu try. 
6 

(c) Commercial brib2ry, giving gratuities, favors, or services in 

any form dir ctly or indirectly to customers or customers' employees 

or obtaining ale by giving commissions or rewards in any form to 

employees of customer or otherwise inducing the placino- of orders 

through lavi h entertainment or indirect gifts or other forms of 

commercial bribery. 

(d) Any departure from original agreements with respect to terms 

of discounts for cash or ti1.11e of payment which re ults in discrimination between purchasers of the same clu s of products or services 

and under the ame condition. 

(e) Sub titution of material differing in any respect from the 

material ordered, without obtaining the approval of the cu tomer, or 

the u. e of raw material including raw tock in any manufacturing 

processes inferior in quality to the raw material specified in an order, 

or if not specifiad, inferior to the quality customarily used for. imilar 

orders. 

(f) Attacking a competitor as to his financial standing or personal 

jntegrity or his ability to serve the trade. 

(g) Predating contracts or willfully misrepresenting 1-he date of 

a contract. 

(h) Misrepresentation .as to work or se.r ice or quality of work or 

service or materials, or misleading advertising. 

(i) The giving of any bribe, gift, favor, or service to any employee 

of a customer or competitor in order to obtain information about a 

competitor's condition of business. 

(j) The accepting of any rebate, direct or indirect, from an 

employee. 

(k) Influencing any employee to eli pose of his wages in any 

manner whatsoever. 

(I) To tore producers' old film without making a reasonable 

charge therefor. 

(m) To furnish the use of cutting rooms without malrino- a reasonable charge therefor. 

(n) To render commercial projection service without making a 

reasonable charge therefor. 

( o) To take an unauthorized duplicating print from a customer's 

negative or to make any other unauthorized copies, either negative 

or positive of a customer's negative or print. 

ARTICLE VI-MooTFIC.ATION 

1. By the. President.-This Code recognizes the right of the President from time to time to cancel or modify any order, approval, 

license, rule or regulation issued under Title I of the N.I.R.A., and 

specifically to the right of the President to cancel or modify his 

approval of this Code or any conditions impo eel by him upon his 

approval thereof. 

2. By the Association.-The provisions of this Code, other than 

the mandatory provisions under the N.I.R.A., may be modified or 

amended by the concurring vote of at least two thirds of the me1nbers 

of the Association at a meeting called for such purpose, provided that 
7 

notice of submi sion of the propo eel modification, or amendment, 

ha been given in the notice of me tin · and provided further that 

any mo lification or amendment a lopte l by the A ociation shall 

not b come binding or effective unle and until approved by the 

Pre i lent. 

ARTICLE VII-GENERAL 

1. P1·od1.tc 1·'s Lab01•atm·ies E o..•ceptecl.-Any laboratory owned, 

operated, or controlled by a motion-picture producing firm, whether 

an individual a partnership, a corporation, or otherwise, without 

limitation is excepted from the operation of this Code so lonO' a. it 

does not compete with any laboratory subject to this Code in labora- tory products or ervices, other than on pictures produced by it. 

2. 1Jfe1nbenhip.-(a) All members of the As ociation affected 

thereby hall as a condition of member hip, subscribe to thi Code. (b) A ociation n1embership shall remain open at all times to any 

motion picture laboratory under no restrictions, except as to initia~ 

tion fee and payment of dues. 3. Application of the Oode.-If any em.ployer in the :Motion Picture Laboratory Indu try is. also an employer of labor in any other 

industry, the provi ions of this Code shall apply to and affect only 

that part of the bu iness of such employer which is included in the 

laboratory industry. 

4. EIJ'ective Date.-This Code becomes effective on the tenth day 

following it approval by the President. 

5. T er1nination.-This Code, unless otherwise terminated, shall ex- pire on the same date as the N.I.R.A. 

6. Code Violation.-Violation of any provision of this Code shall 

be deemed unfair competition. 

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