Approved Code No. 489 Registry No. 1108-1-03 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADMINISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THI; 

SAFETY RAZOR' 

AND SAFETY RAZOR BLADE 

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON JULY 21, 1934 

WE DO OUR PAR't 

U NITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT P RINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON : 1934 

-1 

For sale by the Superinte nde nt of Documen ts, Washington, D.C. - - - - - - - - Price 5 cents 
I 

This publication is for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Government 

Printing Office, Washington, D.C., and by district offices of the Bureau of 

Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 

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• 
Approved Code No. 489 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

SAFETY RAZOR AND SAFETY RAZOR BLADE 

MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

As Approved on July 21, 1934 

ORDER 

APPROVING CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE SAFETY RAZOR AND 

SAFETY RAZOR BLADE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

An application having been duly made pursuant to and in full 

compliance with the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for approval of a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Safety Razor and Safety Razor Blade 

::Manufacturing Industry, and hearin~ having been duly held thereon 

and the annexed report on said Cocte, containing findings with respect thereto, having been made and directed to the President: No,v, THEREFORE, on behalf of the President of the United 

States, I Hugh S. Johnson, Administrator for Industrial Recovery, 

pursuant to authority vested in me by Executive Orders of the President, including Executive Order No. 6543~A, dated December 30, 

1933, and otherwise; do hereby incorporate by reference said annexed 

report and do find that said Code complies in all respects with the 

pertinent provisions and will promote the policy and purposes of said 

Title of said Act; and do hereby order that said Code of Fair Competition be and it is hereby approved; provJded that the continued 

participation of the National A ,sociation of afety Razor and Blade 

Manufacturers, Inc. in the Code Authority after thirty (30) da s 

from the effective date of this Code shall be contingent upon its 

amending its Constitution and By-Laws to the sati faction of the 

Administrator; provided further, that the provisions of Section 5, 

and ection 16 of Article VIII, be and they are hereby stayed until 

such time as the Administrator may, by further order, otherwi,se 

direct. 

H GH S. JOHN O :r 

Adm:inisfrat01· for I ndust1ial, Recovery. 

Approval recon1mended : 

BARTO~ ,v. JU RRAY, 

Di ision Adm,ini frator. 

WAHINGTON, D .. , July ~1, 1934. 

75356 °- 29-121-34 (203) 
REPORT TO THE PRESIDENT 

The PRESIDENT, 

The lV hite House. 

SIR: This is a report on the Code of Fair Competition for the 

Safety Razor and Safety Razor Blade Manufacturing Industry, the 

hearing having been conducted thereon in Washington, D. C., April 

2, 1934, in accordance with the provisions of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act. 

RESUME OF CODE AS TO WAGES AND HOURS 

The Code provides that eight (8) hours shall constitute the normal number of working hours per day and forty ( 40) hours the 

normal number of working hours per week, except that employees 

may work not exceeding forty-eight ( 48) hours for six ( 6) weeks 

in any twenty-six (26) weeks period. These provisions are applicable to all employees except outside salesmen, watchmen who shall 

be employed not more than fifty-six (56) hours per week, employees 

engaged in executive, managerial or supervisory capacity who receive 

thirty-five dollars ($35.00) per week, or more, and employees on 

emergency maintenance or emergency repair work involving breakdown or protection of life and property. 

The rates of pay provided for production labor are forty ( 40) 

cents per hour for males and thirty-five (35) cents per hour for 

females. For a period of not more than sixty (60) days beginners 

may be paid not less than eighty (80) per cent of the minimum 

wage provided that the total number of beginners shall not exceed 

five ( 5) per cent of the total number of factory workers em ployed by 

any such employer in any calendar month. Persons whose earning 

capacity is limited because of age, physical or mental handicap or 

other infirmities may be employed on light work at a wage below the 

minimum, if the employer obtains from the State Authority designated by the United States Department of Labor a certificate authorizing such employment at such wages and for such hours as shall be 

stated in the oertificate. Each employer shall file monthly with the 

Code Authority a list of all such persons employed by him showing 

the wages paid to and the maximum hours of work for such employees. Time and one-half will be paid production labor for hours 

worked in excess of eight (8) hours per day and forty (40) hours 

per week. 

Employees engaged in office or clerical work shall be paid not less 

than fiftBen dollars ($15.00) per week provided however, that office 

boys and girls may be paid not less than eighty (80) per cent 0£ the 

said minimum wage, but the number of such office boys and girls 

employed at any time shall not exceed five (5) per cent of the total 

(204) 
205 

number of offi e and cl ri al mploy , and provid d furth r, that 

any employ r may mploy at 1 at on offic boy or (J'irl. 

Equitabl adj u tm nt hall b mad o:£ all wao- rates above aicl 

minimum. 

hild labor i prohibit cl an l no p r on un<l r ight n ( 1 ) year 

of age hall be mpl yed in a hazardou ur ation. 

GENERAL TATEMENT 

The Safety Razor and Safety Raz r Blade Manufacturing Indu - try i one of the f w which have enjoy d an increa e in unit sales 

during th pa t four year but becau e of drastic pri er vi ions this 

condition i not r fleeted in d llar volume. 

The Industry i unique in that the safety razor or safety razor 

blade holder is a by-product of the safety razor blade. The holder 

is a non-profit item of the Industry and it is a general practice 

within the Industry to give the e holders away as premiums or sell 

them below cost in order to stimulate the u e of safety razors and 

safety razor blades. 

The growth of this Industry has been exceedingly great. From 

an insignificant beginning in 1904 the Industry has grown so that 

in 1931 fifty-three ( 53) cents of e:very dollar spent :£or cutlery went 

for the purchase of sa:fety razors and safety razor blades, and of that 

fifty-three (53) cents, forty-six (46) cents or eighty-six (86) per 

cent went for the purchase o:£ saftey razor blades alone. 

The investment in the Indu try is approximately $62,500,0'00, and 

the number o:£ wage earners in normal times is about five thousand 

(5,000), with an estimated annual pay roll of $5,150,000. 

In 1929 the number o:£ blades produced was approximately 690,-

226,115, and in 1933 approximately 889,074,075, an increase in unit 

production o:£ twenty-three (23) per cent. In 1929 the dollar sales 

volume was approximately $36,139,322 while in 1933 approximately 

$19,856,020, or a decrease of forty six ( 46) per cent. 

I believe that the Code is :£air to the Industry, to labor and to the 

public and is in accordance with the intent and purpo e of the 

National Industrial Recovery Act. 

FINDINGS 

The Deputy Administrator in his final report to me on said Code 

having :found as herein set :forth and on the basis of all proceedings 

in this matter: 

I find that: 

(a) Said Code is well designed to promote the policies and pur- • 

po e o:£ Title I of the rational Indu trial Recovery Act, includin(Y 

removal of ob truction to the :free flow o:£ inter tate and foreign 

commerc "hich tend to dimini h the amount thereof and will provide for the general welfare by promoting the oro-anization o:£ indu try for the purpo e of cooperativ acti n amono· the trade group , by inducino- and maintaining united action of labor and manag - ment under adequate governmental sanction and upervision by 

eliminating unfair competitive pra tice , by promotin(Y the fulle t 

possible utilization of the pre ent pro luctive capacity of indu trie , 
206 

by avoiding undue restriction of production ( except as may bo 

temporarily required), by increasing the consumption of industrial 

and agricultural products through increasing purchasing power, by 

reducing and relieving unemployment, by improving standards of 

labor, and by otherwise rehabilitating industry. 

(b) Said Industry normally employs not more than 50,000 employees; and is not classified by me as a major industry. 

( c) The Code as approved complies in all respects with the pertinent provisions of said Title of said Act, including without limitation Subsection (a) of Section 3, Subsection (a) of Section 7, and 

Subsection (b) of Section 10 thereof; and that the applicant group 

is an industrial association truly representative of the aforesaid 

Industry; _and that said association imposes no inequitable restrictions on admission to membership therein. 

( d) The Code is not designed to and will not permit monopolies 

or monopolistic J?ractices. 

( e) The Code 1s not designed to and will not eliminate or oppress 

small enterprises and will not operate to discriminate against them. 

(f) Those engaged in other steps of the economic process have not 

been deprived of the right to be heard prior to approval of said 

- code. 

For these reasons, therefore, I have approved this Code. 

Respectfully, 

HuGH S. JOHNSON, 

A d11Vilnistrat or. 

JULY 21, 1934. 
CODE OF FAIR co:MPETITION FOR THE SAFETY RAZOR 

A D AFETY RAZOR BLADE MA UFACTURING 

INDU TRY 

ARTI LE I-PURPO E 

To effe tuat th polici s of Title I of the National Industrial 

R covery A t, the following provi ion are e tabli h d as a ode of 

Fair Comp tition for the Safety Razor and Saf ty Razor Ela.de 

Manufacturing Indu try and hall be the tandards of fair comp tition for such in lu try and shall be binding upon every member 

ther of. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

SECTION 1. The term "safety razor and safety razor blade manufacturing indu try", hereinafter referred to as the "indu try", 

means the manufacture of safety razor blade holders and/ or safety 

razor blades f o·r sale. 

SECTION 2. The term "employee", as used herein, in ludes any 

and all persons engaged in the industry, however compen ated. except a member of the industry. · 

SECTION 3. The term "employer", as used herein, includes anvone 

by whom such employee is compensated or employed. V 

SECTION 4. The term " member of the industry ", as u ed herein, 

includes but without limitation any individual, partnership, as ociation, corporation or other form of enterprise engaged in the indu try 

either as an employer or on his or its own behalf. 

SECTION 5. The terms "President", "Act", and "Administrator", 

as used herein, shall mean respectively the President of the United 

States, Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the 

Administrator for Industrial Recovery. 

SECTION 6. The term "Code Committee", as used herein, shall 

mean the committee duly elected by the association to formulate 

and present a Code of Fair Competition on behalf of the Industry. 

SECTION 7. The term "Code Authority", a u ed herein, hall 

mean the Administrative body of this code a set forth in Article VI. 

SECTION 8. The term "Association ", as u ed herein, i defined to 

mean the ational Association of Safety Razor and Blade Manufacturers, Inc., or its successor. 

ARTICLE III-Ho ns 

SE TION 1. No employee shall be permitted to work in ex e of 

forty ( 40) hours in any one we k or eight (8) hour in any twentyfour (24) hour period, nor more than six (6) day in any seven (7) 

day period, ex ept as herein otherwi e expre ly provided. 

SECTION 2. The maximum hour fixed in Section 1 hall not apply 

to employees engag d in an executive manao-erial or upervisory 

capacity who receive thirty-five ( 35.00) dollar per we k or mor , 

and outside sale men. 

(207) 

.,. 
208 

SECTION 3. The maximum hours fixed in Section 1 shall not apply 

to employees on emergency maintenance or emergency repair work 

involving breakdowns or protection of life or property, but in any 

such special case at least one and one-half (11⁄2) times their regular 

rate shall be paid for hours worked in excess of eight (8) hours in 

any twenty-four (24) hour period or forty ( 40) hours in any onfl 

week. . · SECTION 4. The maximum hours fixed in Section 1 shall not apply 

to employees for six (6) weeks in any twenty-six (26) weeks period 

during which time overtime shall not exceed eight (8) hours in any 

one week; provided that at least one and one-half (11⁄2) times the 

regular rate shall be paid for hours worked in excess of eight (8) 

hours in any twenty-four (24) hour period or forty ( 40) hours in 

any seven day period. , SECTION 5. No employer shall permit any employee to work for 

any time which when totaled with that already performed for another employer, or employers, exceeds the maximum permitted herein. 

SECTION 6. "\'Vatchmen shall be permitted to work not in excess of 

fifty-six ( 56) hours per week, provided, that they shall be given one 

day of rest in every fourteen (14) day period. 

SECTION 7. Employers who personally perform manual work or 

who are engaged in mechanical operations in connection with the 

manufacture of products of the Industry shall not exceed the prescribed maximum hours. 

ARTICLE IV-W .AGES 

SECTION 1. No male employee shall be paid less than at the rate of 

forty (40) cents per hour, and no female employee shall be paid less 

than at the rate of thirty-five (35) cents per hour, except as herein 

otherwise expressly provided. 

SECTION 2. For a period of not more than sixty days after the 

commencement of employment in the Industry, beginners without 

experience shall be paid not less than 80% of the minimum wages, 

provided that the total number of such beginners shall not exceed 

5% of the total number of factory workers employed by any such 

employer in any calendar month. 

SECTION 3. No employee engaged in office or clerical work shall 

be paid less than at the rate of fifteen {$15.00) dollars per week; 

provided, however, that office boys and girls may be paid not less 

than eighty (80%) percent of such minimum wage, but the number 

of such office boys and girls employed at any time shall not exceed 

five ( 5% ) percent of the total number of office and clerical employees; and provided, further, that any employer may employ at 

least one (1) office boy or girl. 

SECTION 4. A person whose earning capacity is limited because of 

age, physical or mental handicap, or other infirmity, may be employed on light work at a wage below the minimum established by 

this Code if the employer obtains from the State authority designated by the United States Department of Labor a certificate authorizing such person's employment at such wages and for such hours 

as shall be stated in the certificate. Such authority shall be guided 

Ly instructions of the United States Department of Labor in issuing 

certificates to such persons. Each employer shall file monthly with 
209 

the Code Authority a Ii t f all su h I r · n employed by him . ·how- ing th wage pa1.d to, and the maximum h urf'; f w rk for su h 

employe . ~E TI .i: I'!. . Eqnitabl adj n tm nt of 

r c ivino- m r than the minimum rat f pay h 11 be ma le by all 

employ r \Yh have n t h r tofore made u ·h adjn trn nt. and all 

employ r hall within thirty day af r appr val of thi. clc, r - port in full to the Code Authority c ncerninCY ·uch adj 1.-tments 

, h th r ma le prior to or ub equ nt to u h approyali provided, 

how v r that in no e, nt shall hourly rates of pay be re 1 d, irre-

.. p tive of wh th r mpen ation is a tually I aid on an hourly, 

we kly, or other basi , nor hall any wage be at less than the minimum rates herein provided. 

ECTION 6. Thi arti le e tabli h s a minimum rate of pay whi h 

shall apply, irr pective of whether an employee is actually comp n at d on a tim rate, piece-work, or other basis. 

E TION 7. Female employees performing substantially the same 

work as male employees shall receive the same rate of pay as male 

employees, and where they displace men they shall receive the ame 

rate of earnings as the men they displace. The Code Authority hall 

within ninety (90) days after the effective date of this Code file 

with the Administrator a description of all occupations in the Indus- try in which both men and women are employed. 

SECTION 8. This article establi hes r ates of pay which hall be 

exempt from any charge, fine and/or deduction by the employer, 

except such charges or deduction required by State Law. 

ECTION 9. The employer shall make payment of all wages due 

in lawful currency or by negotiable check therefor, payable on demand. These wages shall be exempt from any paymen for pensions, insurance or ick benefits other than those voluntarily paid 

by the wage earners, or required by State La ,Ys. \Vage hall be 

paid at lea t by the end of every two week period, and salaries shall 

be paid at lea t at the end of every month. No employer hall 

withhold wages. The employer or his agent shall accept no rebates 

directly or indirectly on such wages, nor give anythino- of value or 

extend favors to any person for the purpose of influencing rates 

of wage or the working conditions of his employees. 

ARTICLE V-GENERAL L Bon PRovr ro ... s 

SE TION 1. (a) Employees shall have the right to organize and 

bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, 

and hall be free from the interference, r traint, or coercion of mployers of labor, or their agent , in the designation of such representative or in self organization or in other concerted activitie for 

the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or 

protection. 

(b) o employee and no one eeking employment shall be required 

as a condition of employment to join any compan} union or to refrain from joining, organizing, or assisting a labor organization 

of hi own choo ing. 

(c) Emplo er hall comply with the maximum hours of labor, 

minimum rate of pay and other condition of mployment, approved 

or prescribed by the Pre ident. 

. 
210 

. SECTION 2. No persons under sixteen (16) years 0£ age shall be 

employed in the Industry. No persons under eighteen (18) years 

of age shall be employed at operations or occupations which are 

hazardous in nature or dangerous to health. The Code Authority 

shall submit to the Administrator for approval before September 1, 

1934, a list of such operations or occupations. In any State an employer shall be deemed to have complied with this provision as to 

age if he shall have on file a valid certificate or permit duly signed 

by the Autho:tity in such State empowered to issue employment or 

age certificates or permits, showing that the employee is of the 

required age. 

SECTIO"N 3. No provision in this Code shall supersede any State or 

Federal Law which imposes on employers more stringent requirements as to the age of employees, wages, hours of work, or as to the 

safety, health, sanitary or general working conditions or insurance 

or fire protection, than are imposed by this Code. 

SECTION 4. Employers shall not re-classify employees, or duties, of 

occupations perfqrmed, or engage in any other subterfuge so as to 

defeat the purposes of the Act or of this Code. 

SECTION 5. Within ten (10) days after the effective date of this 

Code, each employer shall post, and keep posted, in conspicuous 

places accessible to employees full copies of this Code and any amendments or modifications which may later be approved in accordance 

with Executive Orders and/ or regulations thereof. Every member 

of the Industry shall comply with all rules and regulations relative 

to the posting of provisions of Codes of Fair Competition which 

may from time to time be prescribed by the Administrator. 

SECTION 6. Every employer shall make provision for the safety and 

health of his employees at the place and during the hours of their 

employment. Standards for safety and health shall be submitted by 

the Code Authority to the Administrator within three (3) months 

after the effective date of the Code. 

SECTION 7. No employee shall be dismissed by reason of making a 

complaint or giving evidence with respect to an alleged violation of 

this Code. 

ARTICLE VI-ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION 1 

SECTION 1. During the period not to exceed sixty (60) days :following the effective date of this Code, the Code Committee of the Industry shall constitute a temporary Code Authority until the Code 

Authority is elected. There shall be constituted within the sixtyday period a Code Authority consisting of nine members to be elected 

by the members of the Industry, at a meeting called by the temporary Code Authority, upon ten days' notice sent by registered 

mail to all members of the Industry whose names shall have been 

obtained after a reasonable investigation, who may vote either in 

person or by proxy. The members of the Code Authority shall be 

elected in the following manner : 

(a) Seven members who shall be members of the Association by 

a majority vote of all members of the Industry who are members of 

the Association present in person or by proxy, each member to have 

one vote. 

1 See paragraph 2 of order approving this Code. 
211 

(b) Two memb rs who are not m mber of the Asso iation by 

majority v te of all m rnb r f th Indu try who ar n n-memb r. 

of the As o iation, pre nt in per on or by 1 roxy, ca h memb r to 

have on vote. 

(c) In addition th r to, the Admini trator may appoint n t more 

than three m mb r without ote to rve n the ode uthority 

and torr th r with the Admini -trat r hall r i ve n ti e of ancl may 

it at all meeting of the Cocl uthority. 

ECTION 2. If the memb rs f the Indu try who are non-m mb rs 

of the A sociation fail to le t two member, on the o l uthority, 

us provided, thr e uch non-m mber shall be select d by the A · ·ociation and ubmitted to the A :I.mini trator, who may appoint from 

them the two member to serve on the Code Authority. 

ECTION 3. The members of the Code Authority fir t elected hall 

serve until the following annual meeting of the A ·sociatiori and 

thereafter members of the Code Authority shall be elected at a meeting of the members of the Industry to be held at the time and place 

of the annual meeting of the Association to serve until the following 

annual meeting or until the election of their ucce or . 

SECTION 4. A vacancy in the member hip of the Code Authority 

may be filled by a majority vote of the remaining members of the 

Code Authority. If a vacancy occurs in the ase of an a ociation 

member, the new member to be elected shall likewise be an association member, and if a vacancy occurs in the case of a non-member 

of the association, such vacancy shall be filled with a non-member. 

SECTION 5. Each trade association directly or indirectly participating in the selection or activities of the Code Authority hall (1) 

impose no inequitable restrictions on membership, and (2) submit 

to the Administrator true copies of its Articles of Association, Bylaws, Regulations and any amendments when made thereto, together 

with such other information as to membership, organization, and 

activities as the Administrator may deem necessary to effectuate the 

purposes of the Act. 

ECTION 6. In order that the Code Authority hall at all times, 

be truly representative of the Industry and in other respects comply 

with the provi ions of the Act, the Admini trator may pre cribe 

such Hearings as he may deem proper; and thereafter if he hall 

find that the Code Authority is not truly representati e or does not 

in other respects comply with the provisions of the Act, may require 

removal of any or all of the members thereof and may make an 

appropriate modification or modifications in the method of election 

of the Code Authority. 

SECTION 7. (a) It being found necessary in order to support the 

administration of this Code and to maintain the standards of fair 

competition establi hed hereunder and to effectuate the policy of 

the Act the Code Authority is authorized : 

( 1) To incur such reasonable obligations as are nece ary and 

proper for the foregoing purp es and to meet uch obligations 

out f fund which may be rai ed as hereinafter provided and which 

shall b held in tru t for the purpo es of the ode. (2) To ubmit to the Admin1 trator for hi. approval ubject to 

uch notice and opportunity to be heard a he may d em nece ary 

(1) an itemized budo-et of its estimated expen e for the foregoing 

purposes, and (2) an equitable ba i upon which the fund necessary 
212 

to support such budget shall be contributed by members of the 

industry. 

(3) After such budget and basis of contribution have been approved by the Administrator, to determine and obtain equitable 

contribution as above set forth by all members of the industry, and 

to that end, if necessary, to institute legal proceedings therefor in 

its own name. 

(b) Each member of the industry shall be liable for his or its 

equitable contribution to the expenses of the rnj.intenance of the 

Code Authority, determined as hereinabove provided, and subject 

to rules and regulations pertaining thereto issued by the Administrator. Failure on the part of the member of the Industry to 

make such contribution shall be a violation of this Code. Only 

memb~rs of the industry complying with the Code, and contributing 

to the expenses of its administration as hereinabove provided, unless 

duly exempted from 1naking such contribution, shall be entitled to 

participate in the selection of members of the Code Authority or 

to receive the benefits of any of its voluntary activities or to make 

use of any emblem or insignia of the National Recovery Administration. 

( c) The Code Authority shall neither incur nor pay any obligation in excess or the amount thereof as estimated in its approved 

budget, except upon approval of the Administrator first obtained; 

and no subsequent budget shall contain any deficiency item for 

expenditures in excess of prior budget estimate except those which 

the Administrator shall have so approved. 

SECTION 8. Nothing contained in this Code shall constitute the 

members of the Code Authority partners for any purpose. No member of the Code Authority shall be liable in any manner to anyone 

for any act of any other member, officer, agent, or employee of the 

Code Authority, nor shall any member of the Code Authority be 

liable to anyone for any act or omission to act in connection with 

the performance of the duties of such member except for his own 

wilful malfea ance or non-feasance. 

SECTION 9. The Code Authority shall have the following further 

powers and duties: 

(a) Subject to such rules and regulations as may be prescribed 

by the Administrator to administer and insure the execution of the 

provisions of this Code and provide £or the compliance of the Industry with the provisions of the Act. 

(b) To adopt such Bylaws, rules and regulations as are necessary 

for its procedure and for the administration of this Code. 

( c) To obtain from members of the Industry such information 

and reports as are required for the administration of the Code. In 

addition to information required to be submitted to the Code Authority members of the Industry subject to this Code shall furnish 

such statistical information as the Administrator may deem necessary 

for the purposes recited in Section 3a of said Act to such Federal 

and State agencies as he may designate; provided that nothing in this 

Code shall relieve any person from any existing obligations to furnish reports to any government agency. No individual reports shall 

be disclosed to any other member of the Industry or any other party 

except to such government agencies as may be directed by the 

Administrator. 
213 

( d) To make r comm nclation to th Administrator f r th oonlinati n f th a lmini. tration of thi · ode with su h oth r od s, 

if any a may b r lat d to or aff t th m rnb r. f th Industry. 

(e) To ap1 oint a tra] I ractic committe whi h ·hall m t with 

th trad l ra ti ommitte · appoint d un l r TL ·h oth r co 1 . as 

may b r lat d t th In ]nstry for th pnq o. e of formulating fair 

trade pra ti e to aov rn th r ~ation hip b twc n proclu ti n and 

di tribution m ploy er uncl r thi od and und r . u h other to the 

end that u h fair trad pra tice may be J ropo · cl to the dministrator a anwndment to thi Code an l uch oth r c d . E TION 10. If the Admini trator hall d t rmine that any action 

of a ode uthority or any agency ther of may be unfair or unjust 

or contrary to the public inter t, the Admini trat r may require that 

such action be su pencle l to afford an opportunity for inve ti 0 ation 

of the merits of uch action and further consideration by such Code 

Authority or agency pending final action which hall not be effective 

unless the Administrator approves or unless he shall fail to di approve after thirty days' notice to him of intention to proceed with 

such action in its original or modified form. 

ARTICLE VII-AccouNTING AND CosTrNo 

SECTION 1. With respect to that portion of a memb r's product 

which is within the Industry, the Code Authority shall cause to be 

formulated an accounting system and metho ls of cost finding and/ or 

estimating capable of use by all members of the In lustry. After 

such system and methods are formulated and approved by the Admini trator, full details concerning them shall be made available 

to all members of the Industry, and thereafter all members hall 

determine and/ or estimate their costs in accordance with the principles of such methods. 

SECTION 2. If the Administrator, after investigation shall at any 

time find both (lJ that an emergency has arisen within the industry 

adversely affecting small enterprises or wages or labor condition , or 

tending toward monopoly or other acute conditions which tend to 

defeat the purposes of the Act; and (2) that the determination of 

the stated minimum price for a specified product within the industry 

for a limited period is necessary to mitigate the conditions constituting such emergency and to effectuate the purposes of the Act, the 

Code Authority n1ay cause an impartial agency to investigate costs 

and to recommend to the Administrator a determination of the stated 

minimum price of the product affected by the emergency and thereu1201;1 the A_dministrator may proceed to determine uch stated 

m1n1mum pnce. 

vVhen the Admini trator shall have determined uch stated minimum price for a pecified product for a tated period which price 

shall be l'ea onably calculated to mitigate the condition ·of such 

emergency and to effectuate the purpo es of the National I ndu trial 

Recovery Act, he hall publi h su h price. Thereafter durina- such 

stated period, no member of the indu try hall ell uch pecified 

products at a net realized pri e below aid tat d minimum price 

a_nd any . uch sale hall be d e:r:ned de tructive price cutting. From 

tune to time, the Code Authority may recomm nd r view or r c nsideration or the Admini trator may cause any determination hereunder to be reviewed or recon idered and appropriate action taken. 
214 

ARTICLE VIII-UNFAIR TRADE PRACTICES 

The following described acts shall constitute unfair trade practices and any member of the Industry who shall directly, indirectly 

or through any officer, employee, agent, or representative use or employ any such unfair trade practices, shall be guilty of a violation of 

this Code: 

SECTION 1. (a) No member of the Industry shall offer to sell or 

exchange or sell or exchange any product of the Industry, except 

safety razor blade holders, in whole or in part below the cost of 

such product to such individual member. For this purpose, the cost 

of such product is to be arrived at upon the principles of a standard 

uniform accounting and costing system as provided for under Article 

VII of this Code. 

(b) Provided that selling below cost to meet competition from a 

member of the Industry who is not selling below his own costs, on 

products of equivalent design, character, quality, or specifications 

shall not be deemed a violation of this Article. 

(c) Provided further, that the selling below cost of distress merchandise or inventories which must be converted into cash to meet 

emergency need shall not be deemed a violation of this Article. All 

such sales or other dispositions of such products shall be reported by 

the member to the Code Authority within forty-eight (48) hours 

after such sale. 

( d) Provided further, that the foregoing provisions of this Article 

VII! shall not be deemed to apply to or affect the sale of any product 

for direct shipment in export trade by any member of the Industry. 

SECTION 2. No member of the Industry shall knowingly withhold 

from or insert in any statement or invoice, any statement that makes 

it inaccurate in any material particular. 

SECTION 3. No member of the Industry shall secretly offer or 

make any payment or allowance of a rebate, refund, commission 

credit, unearned discount or excess allowance whether in the form of. 

money or otherwise; nor shall any member of the Industry secretly 

offer or extend to any customer any special service or privilege not 

extended to all customers of the same class under like conditions and 

circumstances for the purpose of influencing a sale. 

SECTION 4. No member of the Industry shall defame a competitor 

by falsely imputing to him dishonorable conduct, inability to perform contracts, questionable credit standing, or by other false representations or by the false disparagement of the grade or quality of 

his goods. 

SECTION 5. No member of the Industry shall imitate, or simulate the 

trade name, or the trade mark, or the package, or the wrapper, or 

the label, used or employed by another member of the Industry in 

connection with the sale, marketing, or distribution of the products 

of the Industry. 2 • 

SECTION 6. No member of the Industry shall give, permit to be 

given or directly offer to give anything of value for the purpose 

of influencing or rewarding the action of any employee, agent, or 

representative of anothe!r in relation to the business of the employer 

of such employee, the principal of such agent, or the represented 

party, without the knowledge of such employer, principal, or party. 

2 See paragraph 2 of order approving this Code. 
215 

This provisi n hall n t b 1 to prohibit frc and g n ral 

di tribution f arti le mm nly u d for a l vcrtising xc pt . · far 

a uch arti l ar a tually u ·e<l for mmer ial brib ry a · hereinabove d fined. 

ECTIO 7. N m mb 'r of th Industry hall brand r n: ark or 

pa k any g od in any manner whi h is intend <l to, or which h as 

a tcnden y to, or whi h do · d i or mi l ad pur ha. rs with 

re p t to th brand, grade,, quality, quantity origin, ize, ub.-tan e, 

chara ter nature, fim h, mat rial, content or I reparJ.tion of such 

good. 

ECTION 8. o mcmb r of the Industry shall publish adverti ing 

( whether printed, radio, display or of any other nature) whi h 

is mi leading or inaccurate in any material particular, nor hall any 

member in any way mi repre ent any goods (including, but without 

limitation, its use, trade mark, grade, quality, quantity, origin, size, 

sub tance, character, nature, fini h, n1aterial, content or preparation) 

or credit term , values, policies, services, or the nature or form of the 

busine s condu ted. 

SECTION 9. No member of the Industry shall obtain or endeavor 

to obtain from an employee of a competitor information relating to 

patented or ecret processes and/ or methods. 

SECTION 10. (a) No member of the Industry shall market blades 

unle s the blades or blade backs bear either (1) the name of the 

member, or (2) the name of the brand, or (3) an adequate mark 

identifying the source of origin. 

(b) Every member of the Industry shall imprint upon packages, 

tucks, envelopes and blade wrappings either the name of the member 

of the Indu try or its subsidiary distributing company or the name 

of the distributor and the name of the brand if the blades are marketed under a brand name,. The provisions of this sub-section shall 

not apply to wax or other like paper intended to protect and not to 

adverti e the blade. 

( c) Every member of the Industry shall pack razor blades for 

sale in envelopes or other wrappings and enclosed in individual 

tucks and packed by the member on the member's premi es, except 

when such blades are sold in combination with razor blade holders. 

SECTION 11. No member of the Industry shall make any allowances 

to a customer for alleged defective merchandise, or replace the same 

unless uch defective merchandise be first returned to the member, 

nor shall a member of the Industry make allowances for hortage in 

excess of the actual shortage. 

SECTION 12. No member of the Industry shall market or di tribute 

goods on con ignment or guarantee to any distributor the sale of any 

of the product of the Industry. 

ECTIO 13. o member of the Industry hall guarantee any accounts receivable of any of hi di tributor . 

SECTION 14. o member of the Indu try shall off er or grant to a 

customer term in exces of sixty day from the date of shipment, 

or allow a ca h di ount in xce of 2 , o 10 days E.O. 1. 

E TIO 1-. o member of the Indu try hall purcha e, barter, ell 

or otherwi, e trade in afety razor blade holder and/ or blades manufactured or produc d by a competing member, except that nothing 

in thi paragraph hall prevent a member from contracting to procure the manufacture by another member or the purcha e from 
216 

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another member, the whole or any part of his requirements for sa.fety 

razor blade holders and/or blades for the purpose of disposing of 

them in the ordinary course of business under his own name or 

under a brand name. SECTION 16. The members of the Industry recognize that the ,stand- ards of the Industry and the distribution of the products of the Industry may be best served and promoted by the sale and other distribution of the products of the Industry only by and through recog- nized and customary wholesale and retail dealers and traders in 

the products of the Indu.stry and ·other allied and associated products 

having an establi ·hed place of business. 2 

SECTION 17. No member of the Industry shall sell blades " seconds " 

or resharpened used blades unless they are clearly marked as ,such on 

the packages, merchandise cards, and advertising material in connection with which they are to be sold. 

ARTICLE IX- 1\foxoPOLIES 

No provision of this Code shall be so applied as to permit monopolies or monopolistic practice.s, or to eliminate, oppress, or discriminate against small enterprises. 

ARTICLE X - PmcE IN CREASES 

"'\Vhereas the policy of the Act to increase real purchasing power 

will be made more difficult of consummation if prices of goods and 

services increase as rapidly a.s wages, it is recognized that price 

increases except such as may be required to meet individual costs 

should be delayed, and when made, such increases should, so far as 

pos.sible, be limited to actual additional increases in the seller's costs. 

Am:rcLE XI-MoDIFICATIONs 

SECTION 1. This Code and all provisions thereof are expressly 

made subject to the right of the President, in accordance with pro- visions of subsection (b) of Section 10 of the Act, .from time to 

time to cancel or modify any order, approval, license, rule or regulation issued under Title I of said Act. 

SECTION 2. This Code, except as to provi,sions required by the Act, 

may be modified on the basis of experience or changes in circumstances, such modifications to be based upon application by the Code 

Authority to the Administrator and such Notice and Hearinq; as he 

shall specify and to become effective and be a part of this Code on 

approval by the President. 

ARTICLE XII-EFFECTIVE DATE 

This Code .shall become effective at 12 :01 A.J.\{. o'clock on the tenth 

day after it is a.pproved by the President. 

Approved Code No. 489. 

Registry No. 1108-1--03. 

2 See paragraph 2 of order approving this Code. 

0