Approved Code No. 436 Registry No. 912-03 

NATIONAL RECOVERY ADlVHNISTRATION 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE' 

FUR MANUFACTURING 

INDUSTRY 

AS APPROVED ON MAY 19, 1934 

WE DO OUR PART 

UNIV. OFF LIi. 

u~~~~...QF-L ~c: I • • I • .. • - 4 - - • 0 

' ---·--,:;,_-.. ----- _, 

UNITED STATES 

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 

WASHINGTON: 1934 

For sale by the SuperintendP.nt of Documents, WashinJton, D.C. - - - - - - - - Price ;; cents 
This publication is for sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Government 

Printing Office, Washington, D .O., and by dist1ict offices of the Bureau of 

Foreign and Domestic Commerce. 

DISTRICT OFFICES OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE 

Atlanta, Ga. : 504 Post Office Building. 

Birmingham, Ala. : 257 Federal Building. 

Boston, Mass. : 1801 Customhouse. 

Buffalo, N.Y.: Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Charleston, S.O. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Chicago, Ill.: Suite 1706, 201 North Wells Street. 

Cleveland, Ohio: Chamber of Commerce. Dallas, Tex. : Chamber of Commerce Building. Detroit, Mich.: 801 First National Bank Buildiug. 

Houston, Tex.~ hamber of Commerce Building. 

Indianapoli. ·, Ind. : Chamber of Commerce Building. 

Jacksonville, Fla.: llamber of Commerce Building. Kansas ity, :Mo.: 1028 Baltimore AYenue. 

Los Angeles, Calif. : 1163 South Broadway. 

Louisville, Ky. : 408 Federal Building. 

Memphis, Tenn. : 229 Federal Building. 

Minneapolis, l\linn. : 213 F deral Building. 

New Orleans, La. : Room 225- , Oustomhou e. ~ Jew York, N.Y.: 734 ustomhouse. 

Norfolk, Va.: 406 East Plume treet. 

Phila cl lphia, P a . : 422 Commercial Trnst Building. 

Pittsburgh, Pa.: hamber of ommer ce nildiug. 

Portland, Oreg. : 215 New Post Office Building. 

St. Loni. , Mo.: 506 Olive Street. 

San Fran i co, Calif.: 310 Ou~ t mhouse. 

Seattle, Wash.: 809 F deral Offi e Building. 
Approved Code No. 436 

CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION 

FOR THE 

FUR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

As Approved on May 19, 1934 

ORDER 

ConE OF F Am Co)rPr:TITIO~ Fon THE Fun MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

An application having been duly made pursuant to and in full 

compliance with the provisions of Title I of the National Industrial 

Recovery Act, approved June 16, 1933, for approval of a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Fur :Manufacturing Industry, and hearings 

having been duly hel c.1 thereon and the annexed report of said Code 

containing fi11dings with respect thereto, having been made and 

directed to the President. 

N o,v, THEREFORE, on behalf of the President of the United 

States, I, Hugh S. Johnson, Administrator for Industrial Recovery, 

pursuant to authority Yested in me by Executive Orders of the President, including E.s.ec11tive Order No. G543-A, dated December 30 

1983, and otherwise; do hereby incorporate by reference said annex.eel 

report and <lo find thut said Code complies in all respects with the 

pertinent provisions and will promote the policy and purposes of 

~aid Title of said Act; and do hereby order that said Code of Fair 

Competition b and it is hereby approved, subject, however, to the 

following conditions: 

( 1) That any member of the Industry may petition to the Administrator for a stay of the application of the provisions of Sections 2, 3, 4, or 5, or any portion thereof of Article IV of said Code, 

insofar as such provisions may apply to such member of the Industry, 

and the Administrator may, should it appear that justice so requires 

to relieve such I:.1ernber of undue or unusual hardship imposed upon 

such mcml::er by virtue of the said provisions, grant such a stay, 

pending approval of the recommendations of the Special Commission, created in Section 7 of Article IV of the Code, and upon such 

terms and conditions as the Administrator shall prescribe. Upon 

the issuance of an order approving the recommendations of the Spe- cial Commission regarding the wages to be paid by the members o:f 

the Industry in the area or locality in which the petitioning member 

operates, any stay that may have theretofore been granted such 

memb r, shall forthwith terminate. 

60675°-544-118-34 (265) 
266 

(2) That the provisions of Section 13 Section 14, and Section 21 

of Article VIII be and are hereby stayed pending further study and 

investigation of the probable effects of such provisions on the established practices and marketing needs of the Industry, and until the 

approval by me of recommendations of the Code Authority based 

upon such mvestigation, and subject to my further order. 

Approval recommended: 

SoL A. RosENBLATI, 

HUGH s. JOHNSO ' 

Adminutrator for ln<Pustrial Recovery. 

Divinon Administrator. 

vVAsHINGToN, D.c., 

May 19, 1934. 
R.EPORT TO THE PRESIDENT 

Tho PRESIDENT, 

The White House. 

Srn: This is a report of the hearing of the Code of Fair Competition for the Fur :Manufacturing Industry conducted in Washington 

on December 29th, 1933. Post I-Iearin~ Conferences were also Tield 

on January 13, January 15, and :March ·,, 1934. 

HOUR PROVISIONS OF THE CODE 

The Code establishes a maximum work week of thirty-five hours, 

with regulative provisions for a limited amount of overtime for 

employees engaged in the manufacture, production, remodelling and 

repair of fur articles. :Members of shipping crews and persons employed in clerical and office work, except managers and executives 

earning in excess of thirty-five ($35.00) dollars per week, are limited 

to forty honrs. l\1embers of shipping crews are permitted to work 

six hours of oYer-t.Jme per week <luring a maximum of five weeks per 

year, .rrovided that time and one-third is paid for any and all such 

over-time work. 

The standard work week for about 90% of the Industry has been 

forty hours since 1926. The hour provisions of this Code will increase employment by approximately 12.5%. Shortening of the 

hours of work as well as the restriction of over-time will also have 

the effect of increasing the duration of the season of employment. 

It is recog11ized that. by no means all of the unemployment in the 

Industry will be absorb..,d by the thirty-five hour week. A condition 

exists, however, whereby there is a great snrplus of available labor 

in New York, the principal market of the Industry, and a real 

scarcity of labor in the out of tow1\ markets. To so curtail the hours 

ns to absorb the unemployment in the New York market would place 

the out of town markets at a serious disadvantage. It was necessary 

to ~trike an appropriate mesne between the necessities of the New 

York market m1d all of the other markets of the country. It should 

be stressed, however, that the thirty-five hour week established by 

this Code will not sufl1cienUy absorb the unemployment in the Industry and that as soon n.s possible, these hours should be further 

reduced. 

WAGE l'IlOVISIONS OF THE CODE 

The Code establishes a basic minimum wage of forty cents per 

hour for all employees in the Industry. Minima are also established 

for the more skilled classes of employees. Classified wage schedules 

are eminently of necessity in this Code. The Industry has become 

accustomed to such schedules through a long history of collective 

labor agreements, and the purpose of the Act to establish conditions 

(267) 
268 

of Fair Competition could not be achieved unless such classified wage 

rates were inc.laded in the Code. The usual opposition to classified 

rate,s has been absent in this case. The Industry unanimously agreed 

that such were necessary, the only disagreement arising as to the 

differentials to be established between the various markets. :Many 

conferences were devoted to this latter subject and much data was 

submitt-ed. It became apparent, however, that the appropriate differentials could not be worked out by means of negotiation and could 

only be arrived at after an exhau tive survey of the various markets. 

Consequently it was agreed that the Admini tration create arbitrary 

differentials between the various marl~ets and that the Code set up a 

special commission to be appointed by the Administrator, for the 

purpo e of conducting such a study and of reporting to the Administrator on or before ,July 1st, 1934, with its recommendations a,s to 

appropriate differentials. 

If it should appear that these wage scales impose an undue and 

unu ual hardship upon any individual or upon any market prior to 

the date that the recommendations rnade by the commission have 

been reported and embodied in the Code in the form cf amendments, 

such individual or such market may petition to the Admini trator 

for relief. 

OTHER LABOR PROVISIONS 

The Code provide,s that no person under eighteen years of age shall 

be employed in the actual manufacture of fur articles and ~hat no 

other person under sixteen years of age shall be employed in the 

Industry. Inside "ontracting is categorically prohibited and outside 

contracting is placed under stringent regulations. The contracting 

system of production is much less developed in the Fur Industry 

than in mo.st other branches of the eedle Industry. It has never 

gained much foothold here, partly because of the nature of the Industry, but principally because of the objection of both labor and 

industry. Outside contracting has been prohibited by the ew York 

Labor Agreements for a number of years. Both industry and labor 

proposed to prohibit categorically the contracting systetm of production. It is felt, however, that such a prohibition might be un ise 

and that for a limited time, at least, an effort be made to eliminate the evils of the sy tern, rather than eliminate the s tem i L:f. 

Should it subs quently be found that control of out ide contra tors 

is impo ible further and more drastic teps may be taken. 

FIKDI G 

on 

f all tl pr 
269 

under adequate governmental sanctions and supervision, by eliminating unfair competitive practice, by promoting the fullest possible 

utilization of the present productive capac:ity of industries, by 

avoiding undue restriction of production ( except as may be temporarily required), by increasing the consumption of industrial and 

agricultural products through increasing purchasing power, by reducing and relievin~ unemployment, by improving standards of 

labor, and by otherwise rehabilitating industry. 

(b) Said Industry normally employs not more than 50,000 employees; and is not classified by me as a major industry. 

( c) The Code as approved complies in all respects with the pertinent provisions o:f said Title of said Act, including without limitation Subsection (a) of Section 3, Subsection (a) of Section 7, and 

Subsection (b) of Section 10 thereof; and that the applicant association is an industrial association truly representative of the ::iforesaid Industry; and that the said association imposes no inequitable 

restrictions on admission to membership therein. 

( d) The Code is not designed to and will not permit monopolies 

or monopolistic practices. 

( e) The Code is not designed to and will not eliminate or oppress 

small enterprises and will not operate to discriminate against them. 

(f) Those engaged in other steps of the economic process have 

not been deprived of the right to be heard prior to approval of said 

Code. 

For these reasons the Code has been approved. 

Respectfully, 

MAY 19, 1934. 

HUGH s. JOHNSON, 

Ad1nin-ist-rator. 
CODE OF FAIR COMPETITION FOR THE FUR MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY 

ARTICLE I-PURPOSES 

To effectuate the policies of Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, the following provisions are established as a Code of 

Fair Competition for the Fur Manufacturing Industry, and shall be 

the standard of fair competition for this Industry and shall be 

binding upon every member thereof. 

ARTICLE II-DEFINITIONS 

1. The terms "Fur Manufacturing Industry" or "Industry " as 

used herein mean and include the manufacture, production, repair, 

and remodeling of fur articles, and the sale thereof by manufacturers andjor producers, or by any firm, corporation or other form 

of enterprise totally or partly owned and/or directly or indirectly 

controlled by any manufacturer or producer of said fur articles, 

whether such sales are made directly by said manufacturer or producer or through any sales agency1 and such related branches or 

subdivisions as may from time to time be included under the provisions of this Code. Said terms do not include, however, the manufacture and sale by retailers of custom made fur articles manufactured to the order and specifications of the consumer and sold 

directly to the consumer, nor the repair or remodeling of fur articles 

by retailers directly for the consumer· nor do said terms include 

the sale of fur articles by wholesale fur distributors engaged exclu ively in wholesale business in no way connected directly or indirectly with any manufacturer or producer of fur article . 

2. The term "fur articles" as u ed herein means and includes fur 

coat , fur scarfs fur trimmings and kindred articles made from fur 

and skins. 

3. The term "employee" as u d herein means and in lude. an~ 

per on ngaged in any pha e of the Industry in any capa. it r -

ceivino- compen ation for his services irresJ? c i e of the nature or 

method f pa ment of su h compensation, including rnemb r of a 

co- artner hip or a firm r an offic r, direct r r to kh 1 er f a 

· rporati n cl ina uch 11·ork. 

4. The t rm ' employ r a u el her in m an and include nny ne 

b 7 whom an u h em pl ·e i omp n a d or empl . d. . h rm m m er f th In lu r a u l h r in m • n 

in ·lu le , n , p r on firm -1, r n r hip or q ruti n 

I rm o 1teq ri, 'ln. iY lv or in par nga~ l in h ndu .. -

try, ith r as mpl y r r n hi. , th ir r its 0,-11 half. nn<l 

in 1111ing with ut liniitnti n, an~ . Piling ro- ih,tti n wn r 

controllecl by a1 onr •1 er~ 0 ·rcl in the 11llu, tr . 

('.:7 ) 
2'71 

6. The terms "President", "Act", and "Administrator" as used 

herein shall mean respectively the President of the United States, 

Title I of the National Industrial Recovery Act, and the Administrator for Industrial Recovery. 

ARTICLE III-HoURs 

1. Except as hereinafter provided, no employee shall be permitted 

to work in excess of thirty-five (35) hours in any one (1) week, nor 

in excess of seven (7) hours in any working day. 

2. Except as hereinafter provided, no overtime whatsoover shall 

be permitted in the manufacture, production, remodeling, or repairing of fur articles. Any member of the Industry may apply to the 

Regional Industrial Relations Committee for the Region in which 

such member operates, or, if no Regional Industrial Relations committee exists in such Region, to the Industrial Relations Committee 

of the Code Authority1 for certification of compliance with all rules 

and regulations governrng the need for the employment of emergency 

or over time workers due to shortage of workers. Upon such certification of compliance, and upon favorable recommendation of such 

Industrial Relations Committee, the Code Authority may, subject ,to the disapproval of the Administrator, permit employment for 

overtime work. In no event, however, shall any employee be permitted to work in excess of ten (10) hours per week overtime, nor 

shall any overtime be permitted during more than eight (8) weeks 

in any calendar year, or in any market or locality in which there. 

doos not exist an actual shortage of available workers. Rates of pay 

for such overtime work as may be permitted, shall be not less than 

one and one-half (11⁄2) times the normal rate of pay. Subject to 

review by the Administrator, the Code Authority may prescribe 

additional rules and regulations concerning overtime employment. 

3. No employee engaged in the manufacture~ production, repairing and/ or remodeling of fur articles shall be permitted to work 

on any Saturday or Sunday, nor shall any employee be permitted 

to perform any such work before eight thirty (8: 30) A.M., nor 

after four thirty (4: 30) P.M., which is hereby termed a working 

day. In the event, however, that permission is granted a member 

of the Industry for overtime employment, in accordance with the 

provisions of Section 2 of this Article, employees may be permitted 

to work after four thirty ( 4: 30) P.M. 

4. The Code Authority with the approval of the AdJninistrator 

may establish such shorter maximum work week than the foregoing 

as mR) be required to further effectuate the purposes of the Act. 

5. No person employed in clerical or office work, unless he is employed in a managerial or executive capacity and earns not less than 

thirty-five dollars ($35.00) per week shall be permitted to work in 

excess of forty (40) hours in any one (1) week, or in excess of eight 

(8) hours in any twenty-four (24) hour period. 

6. Members of shipping crews shall not be permitted to work in 

excess of forty ( 40) hours in any one ( 1) week nor in excess of 

eight (8) hours in any twenty-four (24) hour period, except that 

such employees nrny be permitted to work forty-six (46 ) hours per 

week during a 1naximum of five (5) weeks in any calendar year, 

6067G0 -544-118---34-2 
272 

provided that :for any and all such work in excess of the forty ( 40) 

hour week, such employee shall. be paid at not less than one and, 

one-third (11⁄2) times the hourly rate payable for the basic forty 

( 40) hour week. 

7. No member of the Industry sha11 knowingly permit any employee to work for any time which when added to the time spent at 

work -for another member or members of the Industry exceeds the 

maximum permitted herein. 8. The provisions of this Article shall also apply to all employers 

insofar as they themselves perform the work of craftsmen. 

9. The provisions of this Article shall not apply to outside salesmen. 

10. Each member of the Industry shall administer work in his 

charge so as to provide the maximum continuity of employment 

practicable for his personnel. The Code Authority shall submit to 

the Administrator, as hereinafter provided, a plan for the regula• 

tion and stabilization o:f employment in this Industry. 

ARTICLE 1v 1-w AoEs 

1. Except as hereinafter provided, no employee shall be paid at 

less than the rate o:f forty cents ( 40¢) per hour. 

2. No employee engaged in the crafts enumerated below and 

employed in areas "A" or "B ", as hereinafter defined, shall be paid 

at less than the following minimum rates: 

Minimum rate per weelc of thi:rty-fi;ve (SS) ho'Ulrs 

Cutters: Nailers: First Class ______________ $50. 60 First Class _____________ $39. 60 

Second Class____________ 44. 00 Second Class ____________ 33. 00 

Operators: Finishers: 

First Class______________ 41. 00 First Class_____________ 88. 50 

Second Class ------------ 35. 00 Second Class ____________ 30. 80 

8. No employee engaged in the crafts enumerated below and em• 

ployed in area "C ", as hereinafter defined, shall be paid at less than 

the following minimum rates: 

Mvnitmwm rate per woolo of tlwrty-five (35) hours 

Cutters: Nailers: 

First Class ______________ $45. 50 Fir t Ola _____________ 35. 6tS 

Second Class ------------ 39. 60 Second Ola s ____________ 30. 00 

Operators: Fini her : 

First Class-------------- 37. 60 Fir t la s _____________ 34. 65 

Second Class------------ 31. 70 Second la ____________ '2:7. 70 

4. No employee en?,ag d in the craf enum rated b low and 

employed in area " D '

7 as her inafter defin d hull b pai at 1 s 

than th following mimmum rat : 

Mini,murn rate per u· ek of thi,rt y-fi l' (35 ) hours 

t hi od . 

.70 

26.40 

1 - . 7 

6.20 
273 

5. No employee engaged in the crafts enumerated below and employed in area " E ", as hereinafter defined, shall be paid at less than 

the following minimum rates: 

Minimum rate per weelc of thirty-fi·ve (35 ) lwwrs 

Cutters: Nailers : 

First Class ______________ $40. 50 First Class ______________ $31. 60 

Second Class _____________ 35.20 Second Class _____________ 26. 70 

Operators : Finishers: 

First Class ______________ 33. 45 First Class ______________ 30. 80 

Second Class _____________ 23.20 Second Class _____________ 24.60 

6. For the purposes of this Code the Uniwd States shall be divided 

into five ( 5) areas, as follows: 

(a) Area "A" shall include the States of New York, Connecticut, 

Massachu,setts, Rhode Island, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, 

New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Th1aryland, and the District of 

Columbia. 

(b) Area " B " shall include the State of Illinois and the City 0£ 

St. Louis, Missouri. 

( c) Area " C " shall include the States o.f vVisconsin, Indiana, 

Ohio, and that portion of the State of ~1issouri outside the City of 

St. Louis. 

( d) Area "D" ,shall include the States of Michigan, :Minnesota, 

Iowa and California. 

(e) Area "E" shall include all other places in which this Code 

is operative. 

7. The differentials in the basic rates for the respective areas as 

established in Sections 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Article, as well as the 

definition of the various areas as e,stablished in Section 6 of this 

Article are subject to modification and revision by the Administrator 

on the recommendation of the Special Commission .hereinafter 

constituted. 

On or before the effective date of this Code, the Administrator 

shall appoint a Special Commission which shall undertake a study 

and investigation of the various market,s and areas of the Industry 

and shall, if necessary, conduct hearings in such various markets 

and areas for the purpose of determining the extent to which the 

provisions of this Article, and, in particular, the extent to which the 

differentials herein established, tend to promote conditions of fair 

competition between the variou,s markets and areas of the Industry. 

Said Special Commission on the basis of such study and investigation shall have power to recommend to the Administrator any modification of the provisions of this Article which it may deem necessary 

to promote conditions of fair competition, including recommendations for the modification of the definitions of the respective area,s, 

recommendations ,for the creation of new areas, and recommendations for a modifiration, change, increase or decrease of the differentials between the respective areas. Said Special Commission shall 

report to the Administrator with its recommendations, as hereinabove ,set forth~ on or before July 1, 1934, and any and all of such 

recommendations upon approval of the Administrator shall become 

effective us part or this Code. 

Said Special Commission shall also have such other and further 

duties and be vested with such other and further powers as the Ad-
274 C 

ministrator may from time to time delegate to it, and any such further recommendations, upon the approval of the Administrator, 

shall also become effective as part of this Code. 

8. The Code Authority, with the approval of the Administrator, 

shall determine and designate which type of work in the respective 

crafts shall be designated as "first-class" or "second-class." The 

basis of such designation shall be prin1arily the kill required and 

the type of skins and work of the respective craftsmen. 

9. In the event that any of the provisions of this Article impose 

an undue and unusual hardship on any employer or on any market, 

such employer or such market may petition the Administrator for 

relief. The Administrator upon receipt of such petition shall conduct such hearings thereon as he may deem prop r before granting 

relief. 

10. Female employees I?erforming substantially the ame work as 

male employees shall receive the same rate of pay as male employees. 

11. A person whose earning capacity is limited becau e of aophysical or mental handicap, or other infirmity, m:1y be employed 

on light work at a wage below the minimum establi heel by a Code, 

if the employer obtains from the staw authority, designated by the 

United States Department of Labor, a certificate authorizing such 

person's employment at such wages and for such hour a hall be 

stated in the certificaw. Such authority shall be guided by the instructions of the Unit.Bel States Department of Labor in i suin()' 

certificates to such persons. Each employer shall file monthly with 

the Code Authority a list of all such persons employed by him, 

showing the wages paid to, and the maximum hours of work for 

such employee. 

12. This Article establishes minimum rate of pay which shall 

apply irrespective of whether or not an employee i compen ateel n 

a time rate or other basis, and the Code Authority hall at times 

specified by the Administrator, investigaw and r port on the effect 

of such rates of pay on fair competition in the Indu try and the 

continuance of such rates of pay, as minimum rate of pay only. 

13. No employee shall be compensawd on a piec w rk ba i and 

employees working less than th ba ic thirty-fiv (35) h ur w k 

shall be paid proportionately no le s than the minimum rat pr - vid cl herein for the basic thirty-five (35) hour w k. 

14. No employer hall m ke any reduction in th full im e kl 

earning of any mploy who n rmal full tim weekl hour. ar 

r duceel by twenty per nt (20 3⁄4) or 1 bel w th xi, tin<Y f r 

the four week nding J nly -, 1933. "\Vh n th n rmal full time 

weekly h urs of an empl y ar redu e b m r than aid p r n 

th full tim kl. ao- of u h mpl hall n b r lu b 

more than n half f h per ntao- of hour r du ti n abov ai 

per nt. In no v nt hall hourl rat f pa r b r lu l, irr p cti v of , h th r 111 1 n ·ati n i a uall T ai n an h urly '" ekl T 

or oth r ba i n r hall an , wa1re. b a 1 than th 

h r in I r vid d. 

v i hin thirt ( 0) da 

a lju tm nt ha b n ma l th r t f r 

th h lul of , ao- f hi mpl in u h an 

a will conf rm t t1 pr vi i n h r inabov 
275 

preserve wage differentials reasonably proportionate to those m 

effect prior to the effective date of this Code. 

ARTICLE V-GENERAL LABOR PROVISIONS 

1. No person under sixteen (16) years of age shall be employed in 

the Industry and no person under eighteen (18) years of age shall 

be employed in any manufacturing operations on fur articles. In 

the event of a claim of alleged violation of this section, an employer 

shall be deemed to have complied with the provisions of this section 

if he shall have on file and shall submit a certificate of age issued , 

by the duly authorized department of the State in which the employer operates~ showing the age of the employee to be no less than 

the age required by this section. 

2. Employees shall have the right to organize and bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and shall be 

free from the interference, restraint, or coercion of employers o:f 

labor, or their agents, in the designation of such representative or in 

self-organization or in other concerted activities for the purpose of 

collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection. 

3. No employee and no one seeking employment shall be required 

as a condition of employment to join any company union or to refrain from joining, organizing or assisting a labor organization of 

his own choosing. 

4. Employers shall comply with the maximum hours of labor 

minimum rates of pay...,,_ and other conditions of employment approved 

or prescribed by the ..t'resident. 

5. No employer shall reclassify employees or duties of occupations 

performed or engage in any other subterfuge so as to defeat the 

purposes or provisions of the Act or of this Code. 

6. Every employer shall provide for the safety and health of his 

employees during the hours and at the places of their employment. 

Standards for safety and health shall be submitted by the Code 

Authority to the Administrator within six ( 6) months after the 

effective date of this Code, which standards, upon his approval, shall 

become effective as part of this Code. 

7. No provision in this Code shall supersede any State or Federal 

law which imposes more stringent requirements on employers as to 

age of employees, wages, hours of work, or as to safety, health, or 

sanitary regulations, or insurance, or fire protection, or general 

working conditions, than are imposed by this Code. 

8. All employers shall post and keep posted complete copies of 

Articles III, IV, and V of this Code in conspicuous places accessible 

to employees, and otherwise comply with all posting rules and regulations which the Administrator may issue from time to time. 

9. No member of the Industry shall manufacture or produce or 

cause to be manufactured or produced any fur articles under conditions commonly known as "inside contracting." 

10. The Code Authority subject to the approval of the Administrator shall, within thirty (30) days of the effective date of this Code, 

and, if necessary, from time to time thereafter, issue rules and regulations concerning the manufacture and production of fur articles 

and/or any part thereof that may be necessary or required to finish 
276 

or complete any fur articles under conditions commonly lmown as 

"outside contracting", and after such approval by the Administrator 

no member of the Industry shall manufacture and/or produce or 

cause to be manufactured and/or produced any fur articles and/or · any part thereof that may be necessary or required to finish or complete any fur articles under such conditions as "outside contracting", 

except by full compliance with such rules and regulations, nor shall 

any member of the Indu try manufacture or produce or cause to be 

manufactured or produced any fur articles and/or any part thereof 

that may be necessary or required to finish or complete any fur 

articles under such conditions of " outside contracting " unless the 

" outside contractor " shall comply in all respects with all such rules 

and reo-ulutions. vVithout limitation, such rules and regulations shall include rules 

and regulations concerning (a) registration of contractors and those 

employing contractors; (b) uniform written contracts which shall be 

used in all relationships between contractors and those employing 

contractors; ( c) the filing of all such written contracts with the Code 

Authority; ( d) reports by contractors and those employing contractors; and ( e) responsibilities of contractors and those employing 

contractors for full compliance with the provisions of this Code and 

all amendments when made thereto. 

It is expressly recognized that" outside contractors" are member 

of the Indu try and that they shall comply in all respects with all 

the provisjons of this Code and all amendments when made thereto. 

For the purposes of this Code, the term" outside contractor" shall 

mean and include any person employing manufacturing labor and 

operating in a regular place of business who manufacture or produces in whole or in part for the account of another any fur articles 

and/ or any part thereof that may be necessary to finish or complete 

any fur articles. 

No member of the Industry shall employ any "outside contractor " unle uch contractor be an employer of manufacturing 

labcr and operating in a r egular plac-e of busine . 

The provisions of this S ction shall remain in full for an l ff ct 

for six ( (3) months from the eifocti ve date of this Code. Th pecial C mmis ion established in Se tion 7 of Article IV of this od 

shall, in addition to its other dutie , al o tudy h contractino problem of th Industry, and, hould it find that the inter t of the 

Indu try ill oo t be erv d by modification, amendment or continuation f the provision of this ection it shall make t th 

Admini trator u h recomm ndation her on as it ma d m n c -

sary and u h r omm ndation upon the ap1 rontl of h ministra or aft r noti t all I ar j int r t <l and u h h arincr a 

the lmini trat r m y cl em n hall b c m ff tiv a 

a part of thi d . 

11. o manufa turin hall ntra f r 

p rf rman in the h m f an rn I 1 

12. ~ny mpl r r who at. an. , tim . hall manufa 

arti l r arti l hall b boll nd b ~ 11 th pr 

a t all 11111 : ncrn,cr d in wh I · 

tur . In a. . mpl y , hall 

:fa ur an I artl in m nufa. ur 
277 

this Code shall apply to such portion of such employoo's time as 

is applied to the manufacture of articles subject to this Code. 

ARTIOLE VI-ADMINISTRATION 

1. A Code Authority is hereby constituted to cooperate with the 

Administrator in the administration of this Code. The Industry 

members of said Code Authority shall be selected as hereinafter set 

forth: 

(a) Two (2) members to represent the Associated Fur Coat and 

Trimming Manufacturers, Inc. designated by the Board of Directors 

of said association. 

(b) Two (2) members to represent the New York Fur Trimming 

Manufacturers Association, designated by the Board of Directors 

of said Association. 

(c) Two (2) members to represent the United Fur Manufacturers 

Association, tnc. designated by the Board of Directors of said 

Association. 

( d) One (1) member to represent the Chicago Fur Trimming 

Manufacturers Association designated by the Board of Directors 

of said Association. 

( e) One ( 1) member shall be elected by the members of the Ind us try unaffiliated with any of the Associations hereinabove enumerated, and located in Area "A" as defined in Section 6 (a) of Article 

IV of this Code. Said election shall be conducted under the supervision of the Administrator or hig, authorized representative. 

(f) One (1) member shall be elected by members of the industry 

unaffiliated with any of the Associations hereinabove enumerated, 

and located in any other part of the United States outside of Area 

"A" as defined in Section 6 (a) of Article IV of this Code. Said 

election shall be conducted under the supervision of the Administrator or his authorized representative. 

(g) Three (3) Administration members without vote shall be 

appointed by the Administrator, two of which may be appointed 

upon the nomination of the Labor Advisory Board of the National 

Recovery Administration. 

2. Each trade or industrial association directly or indirectly participating in the selection or activities of the Code Authority shall 

(1) impose no inequitable restrictions on membership, and (2) submit to the Administrator true copies of its articles of association, 

by-laws, regulations, and any amendments when made thereto, together with such other information as to membership, organization, 

and activities as the Administrator may deem necessary to effectuate 

the purposes of the Act. 

3. In order that the Code Authority shall at all times be truly 

representative of the Industry and in other respects comply with the 

provisions of the Act, the Administrator may prescribe such hearings as he may deem proper, and may require an appropriate modification in the method ·of selection of the Code Authority. 

4. Nothing contained in this Code shall constitute the 1nembers of 

the Code Authority partners for any purpose. Nor shall any member 

of the Code Authority be liable in any manner to any one for any 

act of any other member, officer, agent or employee of the Code 
278 

Authority. Nor shall any member of the Code Authority exercising 

reasonable diligence in the conduct o:f his duties hereunder be liable 

to any one for any action or omission to act under this Code, except 

:for his own willful malfeasance or nonfeasance. 

5. If the Administrator shall at any time determine that any 

action of the Code Authority or any agency thereo:f may be unfair 

or unjust or contrary to the public interest, the Administrator may 

require that such action be suspended to afford an opportunity for 

investigation o:f the merits of such action and further consideration 

by the Code Authority or agenc:y pending final action which shall 

not be effective unless the Admirnstrator approves or unless he shall 

fail to disapprove after thirty days' notice to him o:f intention to 

proceed with such action in its original or modified form. 

6. Subject to such rules and regulations as may be issued by the 

Administrator, the Code Authority shall have the following ,Powers 

and duties, in addition to those authorized by other provis10ns of 

the Code. 

(a) To insure the execution of the provisions of this Code and 

to provide for the comp-liance of the Industry with the provisions 

.of the Act. 

(b) To adopt by-laws, and rules and regulations for its procedure 

a.nd for the administration and en£ orcement of this Code, and to 

subnut the same to the Administrator for his approval, together with 

true copies of any amendments or additions when made thereto, 

minutes of meetings when held, and such other information as to its 

activities as the ·Administrator may deem necessary to effect the 

purposes of the Act. 

( c) To obtain :from the members of the industry such information 

and reports as are required :for the administration of this Code. In 

addition to information required to be submitted to the Code uthority, members of the Industry shall furnish such statistical inforniation as the Administrator may deem necessary for t}?-e purposes 

recited in Section 3 (a) of the Act to such Federal and tate ag ncie 

as he may designate; provided that nothing in this Code hall relie e 

any member of the industry of any existing obligations to furnish 

reports to any government ag ncy. No individual r port hall be 

disclo ed to any other member of the indu try or any oth r party xcept to such governmental agencies as may be directed b the 

A :lmini trator. 

( d) To u uch trade as ocia ion and other a~ n ies as it 

proper for the carryino- out of any of it a tiviti pr id 

her in, provided that nothing herein shall r li v th od ~ uthori 

of it duties or re pon ibilities under this and that u h rad 

as o iati ns and a o- ncie shall at all tim bj t t an n ply 

with the pro vi ion her f. 

(e) To maker omm ndati n to th Admini ra. or f r h 

linati n f th a lmini tration of thi o e wi h u h th r 

if any~ a may b r lat to r «ilect m0 ml r ~ f t.hi n lu ry 

an ub li, · i n th r f. 

(f) (1) It ino- foun I n 

i tration f thi :l an 1 t 

tabli heel thi l , n 1 t fI iuat 

th l uth i auth riz 1, ubj 

dmini tral r : 
279 

(a) To incur such reasonable obligations as are necessary and 

proper for the :foregoing purposes and to meet such obligations out 

of funds which may be raised as hereinafter provided and which 

shall be held in trust for the purposes of the Code; 

(b) To submit to the Administrator for his approval, subject to 

such notice and opportunity to be heard as he may deem necessary, 

(1) an itemized budget of its estimated expenses for the foregoing 

purposes, and (2) an equitable basis upon which the funds necessary 

to support such budget shall be contributed by members of the 

Industry; · 

( c) After such budget and basis of contribution have been approved by the Administrator, to determine and secure equitable contribution as above set forth by all such me1nbers of the Industry, 

and to that end, if necessary, to institute legal proceeding,s therefor 

in its own name. 

(2) Each member of the Industry shall be liable for his or its 

equitable contribution to the expenses of the maintenance of the 

Code Authority as hereinabove provided. Only members of the Industry complying with the Code and contributing to the expenses of 

its administration as provided in Section 1 hereof ,shall be entitled 

to participate in the selection of the members of the Code Authority 

or to receive the benefit 0£ its voluntary activities or to make use of 

any emblem or insignia of the N a.tional Recovery Administration. 

(g) To cooperate with the Administrator in regulating the use 

of any emblem or insignia of the National Recovery Administration 

solely by those members o.f the Industry who have a,ssented to, and 

are co~plying with, this Code. 

(h) To establish or designate, subject to the approval of the Administrator, such agencies on planning and fair practice as may be 

necessary, which agencies shall cooperate with the Code Authority 

in developing fair trade practices and indu,strial planning, including 

the regularization and stabilization of employment for the industry. 

( i) To issue such :further rules and regulations necessary to establish further fair trade practices, as may be recommended by the 

agency defined above, and as may be approved by the Administrator. 

(j) To initiate consider, and make recommendations for the modificat10n or amendment of thi,s Code, which modifications or amendments shall become effective as part hereof upon approval by the 

Administrator after such notice as he may specify. 

(k) To formulate, subject to the approval of the Administrator 

an accounting system and methods of cost finding and/or estimating 

capable of use by all members of the industry. After such sy tern and 

methods have been :formulated, and approved by the Administrator, 

full details concerning them shall be made available to all members 

of the Industry. Thereafter all members shall determine and/ or 

estimate costs in accordance with the principles of such methods. 

(I) To undertake, in conjunction with the Code Authorities of 

related industries, an investigation of style piracy and to recommend 

to the Administrator, within a reasonable period of time, appropriate means for the regulation and control of st:-y1e piracy, which 

recommendations, upon the approval of the Admirustrator and after 

.;;uch notice and hearing as he may prescribe, shall become effective 

provisions of this Code. 
280 

(m) To recommend to the Administrator provisions for Unemployment Insurance Fund and regulations to govern the administration of said Fund. 

(n) To create: subject to the approval of the Administrator, 

Regional Fur Manufacturing Code Authorities to assist in the 

administering of this Code. 

( o) To provide appropriate facilities for arbitration, and, subject 

to the approval of the Administrator, to prescribe rules of procedure 

and rules to effect compliance with awards and determinations. 

(p) To appoint a Trade Practice Committee which shall meet 

with the Trade Practice Committees appointed under such other 

codes as may be related to the industry for the purpose of formulating fair trade practices to govern the relationships between employees under this Code and employers under such other codes to 

the end that such -fair trade practices may be proposed to the 

.Administrator as amendments to this Code and such other codes. 

7. There shall be established un Industrial Relations Committee 

for the industry, which shall consist of an equal number of representatives of employers and employees and an impartial chairman. 

The Administrator shall appoint such impartial chairman upon the 

failure of the connnittee to select one by agreement. If no truly 

representative labor organization exists, the emJ?loyee members of 

such board may be nominated by the Labor Advisory Board of the 

N.R.A. and appointed by the Administrator. The employer representatives shall be chosen by the Code Authority. Such committee 

shall deal with complaints and disputes relating to labor in accordance with rules and regulations issued by the .Administrator. The 

Industrial Relations Committee may establish such divisional, regional, and local industrjal adjustment agencies as it may deem desirable, each of which shall be constituted in like manner as the 

Industrial Relations Committee. 

AR'ITCLE VII-N .R.A. 

1. All fur articles produced, manufacturedl repaired, or remodeled, 

subject to the provisions of this Code shal bear an r.R . .A.. lab l, 

or an authorized substitute therefor, to symbolize to purcha ers 

of said fur articles the conditions under which they have been 

manufactured, produced, repaired or remod led. The label to be 

borne by fur articles which have been repaired or r mockled hall 

be de igned in such a manner as to serve both as a receipt to the 

customer and as an order ti ket for the mernb r of the Indu tr . 

2. Under the powers ve ted in the clmini trator by E - cu i e 

Order of October 14, 1933, and under grant of the ne e ary authority by him, the Code Authority sl all hav th exclu iv ricrht 

in this indu try to issue and furni h aid labvb to the m mb r 

ther of. 

3. E ach label hall b ar a rco-istraii n nmnb r 

t a ·h 111 mb r of the in lustry by th 

r main atta b to all ·u l fur rti 1 s 

4. ny and all m m r f th in lu r r ma 

uthorit f r a p rn it t purcha and u su h 

p n it ·hall be granted t th m ut nl , if, an 

amply with thi od . r he uthority shall 

a .. irrn l 

n hall 
281 

issuance of labels to any member of the industry on the ground of 

noncompliance by such member with this Code or with valid rules 

and regulations of the Code Authority, unless said Code Authority 

is, at the time of such refusal, prepared to certify to the Administrator that noncompliance by such member with this Code, and/or 

with such valid rules and regulations has been established to the 

satisfaction of the Code Authority after a hearing or notice, and 

due opportunity has been given to the alleged violator to be heard. 

In the event the Code Authority so refuses the issuance of such labels, 

a complete file showing the alleged noncompliance by such member 

of the industry shall be certified not later than the day following 

said refusal, to the Admini trator, which refusal of the Code Authority shall be subject to the approval of or modification of the 

Administrator. The Administrator shall, if necessary, certify said 

alleged violation for action, to the National Compliance Director 

or such other Governmental or Administrative Agency as the 

Administrator may direct. 

5. Subject to the approval of the Administrator, the Code Authority shall es+a,blish rules and regulations and appropriate machinery 

for th 0 issuance and sale of labels and the inspection, examination 

and supervision of the practices of members of the industry using 

such labels for the purposes of ascertaining the rjght of such niembers 

of the industry to the continued use of said labels; or protecting 

purchasers in relying on said labels; and of insuring to each individual member of the industry that the symbolism of sajd label 

will be maintained by virtue of compliance with the provisions of 

this Code by all other members of the industry using said label. 

6. The charge for such labels by the Code Authority shall at all 

times be subject to supervision and orders of the Administrator. 

7. The application of the provisions 0£ this Article shall at all 

times be subject to rules an l regulations issued by the Administrator 

in respect thereto. 

8. No member of the industry shall purchase, sell or exchange 

any article mannfact ired under another Code of Fair Competition 

which requires such article to bear N.R.A. label unless such label has 

been attached to such Article. 

ARTICLE VIII 2-TRADE PRACTICE RULES 

1. For all purposes of this Code the acts described in this article 

shall constitute unfair practices. Any member of the industry who 

shall, directly or indirectly, through any officer, employee, agent, or 

representative, knowingly engage in, use, employ~ or permit to be 

employed, any of such unfair practices shall be guilty of a violation 

of the Code. 

2. No member of the industry shall publish advertising (whether 

l rintec1 , radio, display or of anv other nature), which is misleading 

or inaccurate in any material particular, nor shall any me1nber in 

any ,\°s.y mi repr.,sent any goods (including , but without limitation, 

their use, trademark, grade, q11a]ity, quantity origin, sj ze, substance, 

ha.racter, nature, finish, material content or preparation) or credit 

terms, Y&.lues, policies, services or the nature or form of the business 

2 See paragraph 2 (2) of order approving this Code. 
282 

conducted. The nature or form or character of the business conducted shall be conspicuously posted on his premises by each member 

of the industry. 

3. No member of the industry shall use selling methods or credit 

terms which tend to deceive or mjslead the customer or prospective 

customer. 

4. No member of the industry shall knowingly withhold from or 

insert in any quotation or invoice any statement that makes it inaccurate in any material particular. The Trade name, whe.re it is 

not descriptive and not qualified by the true name of the skin shall 

be deemed inaccurate in a material particular. Yfhen the Trade 

name is not descriptive, the true name shall b printed on the ticket 

attached to the garment at the time of its sale. 

5. No member of the industry shall brand or mark or pack any 

goods in any manner which is intended to or does deceive or mislead 

purchasers with respect to the brand, grade, quality, quantity, origin, 

size, substance, character, nature, fimsh, material content or p~·cparation of such goods. 

6. No member of the industry shall publish advertising which refers inaccurately in any material particular to any competitors or 

their merchandise, prices, values, credit terms, policies or servic s. 

7. No member of the industry shall defame a competitor by falsely 

imputjng to him dishonorable conduct, inability to perform contracts, 

questionable credit standin&, or by other false representation, or by 

falsely disparaging the grade or quality of his goods. 

8. No member of the industry shall publish or circulate unjustified 

or unwarranted threats of leg-al proceedings which tend to harrass 

or have the effect of harrass1ng competitors or intimidating their 

customers. 

9. N" o n1.ember of the Industry shall give, or permit to be given, or 

r ceive any secret payment or allowance of rebate, refund, commission, credit or unearned discount, either in the form of money or 

otherwise, nor shall he secretly extend to any purchaser any sp cial 

sen ices or pri vilcges not extended to all purchasers of the same lass 

on like terms and conditions, nor shall he give or receive anv unwarranted or excessive allowance for any damages or all ge ly 

damaged goods bought or sold by him. 

10. No member of the Industry hall pay directly or indirectly any 

part of the advertising expense of any purchaser, pro pecti e purchaser, or their agents. 

11. No member of the Industry shall give, permit to be gi,·en or 

directly offer to give anythino- of , aluo for the purpo of inftu ncin~ 

or rcwar ling th action of any mpl . e ag n , r repr ntatiY it 

another in relation to the business f the emplo er f such mpl , 

the principal of such a~ent, or the r pre en d part. i h ut the 

knowledge of such employer, prin ipn.l or pnrty. 'Ihi ro 1 1 n 

hall not be construed to prohibit free and g ncral di trilrnti n f 

articles commonly used for adverti ing ex pt far a u h arti 1 

are a tually u ed for commercial brib ry a h r inabo, d •fin l. 

12. o memb r of the industr hull ilfull indu r att mp t 

indu the br ach of xisting ntracts b tw m it r 

th ir cu tom rs r sourc s of suppl b an fal I tiv n , n ; 

nor shall any m mber of the indu try int rfere r b l ·u t ho 
283 

performance of such contractual duties or services by any such means, 

with the purpose and effect of hampering, injuring, or embarrassing 

competitors rn their business. 

13. The maximum terms of .-ale for fur coats and fur scarfs at 

whole ale shall be as :follows: 2%, ten days, end of month (E.O.M.), 

plus Manufa,cturer's Federal Excise Tax on the sale price of each 

article sold. No credit terms shall be granted for a period longer 

than four ( 4) months from date of shipment. All credits for a 

period in exces of ten days end of month shall be covered by the purchaser giving hi trade acceptrrnce for the purchase price bearing 

legal rate of int rest from date of shipment. The Manufacturer's 

Federal Excise Tax on the sale price of each article shall be payable 

no later than the twenty-fifth day of the month following the date of 

·hipment. 

14. The maximum terms of sale for fur trimmings at wholesale 

shall be as foliows: net 10 days E.O.M. plus Manufacturer's F ederal 

Excise Tax on the sale price of each article sold. The Manufacturer's Federal Excise Tax on the price of each article shall be payable no later than the twenty-fifth (25th) day of the month following 

the date of shipment. 

15. No member of the industry or his agent shall ship or deli Yer 

any fur articles on what is known as "consignment" or " memorandum" arrangement, except that a member of the industry may ship 

fur article for ,selection or approval, upon condition that such fur 

articles be returned, or shipped .for return, within not more than 

three (3) days from its receipt by· the consignee. 

16. Except upon approval first obtained from the Code Authority, 

and in accordance with such rules and regulations as the Code Authority shall issue and the Administrator shall approve, and after 

such approval no member of the industry or hi.s a.gent shall directly 

or indirectly: 

(a) Accept for credit the return of the whole or any part of merchandise, where the same has been selected and purcha sed by the 

customer or his agent from stock and shipped pursuant to written 

order. 

( b) Leave with any buying offices samples of fur articles. 

( c) Accept and execute any orders placed by residen b'1yer,..., unless such resident buyers are registered with the Code Authority, 

and comply with the above rules and r egulations. 

( d) Give exhibitjons or promote any "sales" or "style shmv " 

with his own fur articles, on the premise.s of a retailer or customer. 

(e) Give, furni h, lend, or ship any fur articles to any customer 

for the purpose of using the same as " show piec 0 s " for window or 

other di play, with the privilege to the customer oi returning same. 

( f) Accept the return of any fur coats and fur .scarfs shipped to 

customers nor allow credit therefor, nor exchange the same where 

such articles have been shipped in accordance with specifications and 

in full compliance with a written order, and where such articles have 

been in the possession of the purchaser for more than five ( 5) days, 

unle.ss such articles are returned because of latent defects not discoverable by reasonable inspection. 

(g) Accept the return of any fur trimmings shipped to customers 

nor allow credit therefor, nor exchange the same where such articles 

have been shipped in accordance with specifications and in full 
284 

compliance with a. written order, and where such articles have been 

in the possession of the purchaser for more than two (2) days, 

unless such articles are returned because of latent defects not discoverable by reasonable inspection. 

(h) Deliver or permit to be delivered any fur articles to anyone 

unless a written receipt therefor is received from the customer or 

his agent. 

17. No member of the Industry shall sell or service any fur articles 

at a price less than his own individual cost as compute l by the 

uniform cost system provided in Article VI, Section 6 (k) of this 

Code, f:X_c ept that a member of the Industry may meet the price 

compebt1011 of another member of the Industry whose costs as computed by said uniform cost system may be lower, and except that 

this provision shall not apply to seasonal clearance sales and sales 

of actually shopworn, defective or damaged goods. Such shopworn, def ective or damaged goods shall be plainly marked as such. 

18. No member of the Industry shall maintain for sale any stock 

of fur articles, with any resident commission sal 0 sman or employ 

any resident commission salesman, unle s such salesman be registered 

by the member of the Industry with the Code Authority and said 

salesman shall have agreed to comply with the regulations pertaining to resident commission salesmen issued and established by the 

Code Authority and approved by the Administrator. Such regulations shall include among other things: (a) A standard or uniform 

contract 0£ employment which shall specify in detail the terms and 

conditicns under which such resident commjssion salesmen may be 

employed; (b) The number of members of the Industry who may 

e1:nploy the same resident commission salesman at the same time; 

( c) That such resident salesmen shall sell or obtain orders only on 

non-conflicting and non-competing sample lines of fur articles, and 

shall not ship or deliver any fur articles on what i known as 

"memorandum" or "consigrunent" arrangements, and that such 

salesmen shall comply with all other provisions of this Code, relating to the sale of fur articles by members of the Industry. 

The provisions of this section shall remain in full force and effect 

for one (1) year from the effective date of the Code. 

The Special Commission established in Section 7 of rticle I 

of this Code shall, in acldit:.on to its other dutie , al o tud the 

marketing problems of the industry and should it find that the 

interests of the industry will best be served by modifi ation am ndment or continuation of the provisions of this section, it hall mak 

to the Administrator such recommendations th reon as it ma d m 

neces ary, and such recommendations, upon the appro al of th 

Administrator shall becom effe tive as a part of this od . 

19. o member of the indu_try shall emplo x-.cut rder for. 

or d al with any type of sal men commonly kno n as fre lnn ' 

sal smen or rovinb orruni. sion sale m n ' unle ~ u h " 1 :.-m n b 

r eo-i t r d with the ode Authorit and hav noTeed in "·ritino- t 

compl with uch rules and r o-ulation as the \.uthor1 "·ith 

the ar proval of the dmini ·trator, may abli h n th 

t rm and onditions und r whi h u h la f al m b 

mploy d, dealt "ith and comr n at d by th m mb r he 

inclu try. 
285 

20. Except as otherwise provided in this Article, no member of 

the industry shall sell fur articles through any salesmen except such 

salesmen as are in the exclusive employ of such member of the 

industry, unless such salesmen be registered with the Code Authority 

in accordance with regulations established by the Code Author1ty 

and approved by the Admini~trator. 

21. No member of the industry shall give any reward or pay any 

commission to resident buyers for placing any orders to be executed 

by the seller. 

ARTICLE IX-MonIFioATION 

1. This Code and all the provisions thereof are expressly made 

subject to the right of the President, in accordance with the provisions of sub ection (b) of Section 10 of the Act, from time to 

time to cancel or modify any order approval, license, rule or regulation issued under Title I of said Act, and specifically, but without 

limitation, to the right of the President to cancel or modify his 

approval of this Code or any conditions imposed by him upon his 

approval thereof. 

2. This Code, except as to provisions required by the Act, may 

be modified on the basis of experience or changes in circumstances; 

such modifications to be based upon application to the Administrator and such notice and hearing, as he shall specify, and to become 

effective on approval of the President. 

AnTIGLE X-MONOPOLIES, ETO. 

No provision of this Code shall be so applied as to permit monopolies or monopolistic practices, or to eliminate, oppress, or discriminate 

againc:t small enterprises. 

ARTICLE XI-PruCE INCREASES 

vVhereas the policy of the Act to increase real purchasing power 

will be made impossible of consummation if prices of goods and 

services increase a rapidly as wages, it is recognized that price increases should be delayed. But when made such increases should, 

EO far as possible, be limited to actual increases in the seller's costs. 

ARTICLE XII-EFFECTIVE DATE 

This Code shall become effective on and after the second Monday 

after the approval by the President. 

Approved Code No. 436. 

Registry No. 912-03. 

0 

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UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 

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