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[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4629 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>

116th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4629

      To address issues involving the People's Republic of China.

_______________________________________________________________________

                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           September 17, 2020

  Mr. Menendez (for himself, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Durbin, Mr. Wyden, Mr. 
Brown, Mrs. Murray, Mr. Reed, Mr. Warner, Ms. Klobuchar, Mrs. Shaheen, 
Mr. Van Hollen, and Mr. Heinrich) introduced the following bill; which 
   was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

 
      To address issues involving the People's Republic of China.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``America Labor, 
Economic competitiveness, Alliances, Democracy and Security Act'' or 
the ``America LEADS Act''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Findings.
Sec. 3. Definitions.
Sec. 4. Statement of policy on Indo-Pacific and China strategy.
Sec. 5. Rules of construction.
             TITLE I--INVESTING IN AMERICAN COMPETITIVENESS

                   Subtitle A--Science and Technology

Sec. 101. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 102. Restoration of Federal funding for research and development.
Sec. 103. Excellence in Critical Technologies Program.
Sec. 104. List of acquisition programs, technologies, manufacturing 
                            capabilities, and research areas critical 
                            to national and economic security.
Sec. 105. Department of State Office of International Strategic 
                            Scientific Innovation.
Sec. 106. Report on development and utilization of dual-use 
                            technologies by the Government of China.
Sec. 107. Report on anticompetitive behavior by the Government of 
                            China.
Sec. 108. Statement of policy on cooperation in peaceful exploration of 
                            space and strategy to develop 
                            collaborative, transparent conduct in 
                            space.
             Subtitle B--Global Infrastructure Development

Sec. 111. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 112. Negotiations to establish international quality 
                            infrastructure investment standards.
Sec. 113. Global assessment of infrastructure.
Sec. 114. Infrastructure transaction and assistance network.
Sec. 115. Provision of assistance by Committee on Foreign Investment in 
                            the United States to allies and partners 
                            with respect to reviewing foreign 
                            investment.
Sec. 116. Strategy for advanced and reliable energy infrastructure.
Sec. 117. Ensuring greater transparency of financing provided by the 
                            People's Republic of China.
Sec. 118. Authorization of appropriations.
                          Subtitle C--Digital

Sec. 121. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 122. Sense of Congress on digital technology issues.
Sec. 123. Sense of Congress on countering the Government of China's 
                            efforts to export its system of digital 
                            authoritarianism and other forms of malign 
                            influence.
Sec. 124. 5G Policy Coordinator.
Sec. 125. Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership.
Sec. 126. Multilateral Telecommunications Security Fund.
Sec. 127. Report on threats to the United States semiconductor 
                            industry.
  Subtitle D--Manufacturing, Research, and Development Competitiveness

Sec. 130. Definitions.
      Part I--Manufacturing, Research, and Technology Development

Sec. 131. Manufacturing USA Program.
Sec. 132. Investing in research and development of critical 
                            technologies.
Sec. 133. Funding for quantum computing and consortial quantum research 
                            and development.
Sec. 134. National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development 
                            Initiative.
Sec. 135. Rebuild manufacturing regions as new critical technology 
                            hubs.
Sec. 136. Strengthening domestic supply chains.
Sec. 137. Development of data and policy recommendations for improved 
                            domestic supply chain resiliency.
Sec. 138. Capital investment for domestic production.
Sec. 139. Improved process for preference for domestic manufacturing of 
                            technologies developed at government 
                            expense.
Sec. 140. Comparative analysis of Chinese and United States investments 
                            in research and manufacturing in areas 
                            critical to the national defense strategy.
Sec. 141. Technical data rights for technologies developed at 
                            government expense that have been 
                            transferred overseas for manufacturing and 
                            production.
Sec. 142. Requirement to buy certain articles from United States and 
                            friendly nation sources.
Sec. 143. Promoting domestic production of technologies developed under 
                            defense research and development 
                            activities.
Sec. 144. Comparative analysis of efforts by the People's Republic of 
                            China and the United States to recruit and 
                            retain researchers.
Sec. 145. Department of Defense Cooperative Technical Talent Protection 
                            Program.
Sec. 146. Employment of experts by Department of Defense laboratories 
                            and the Defense Advanced Research Projects 
                            Agency.
Sec. 147. Analysis of defense industrial base and STEM fellowships, 
                            scholarships, internships, traineeships, 
                            and apprenticeships.
Sec. 148. New technology development in support of the National Defense 
                            Strategy.
Sec. 149. Use of the Defense Production Act to invest in aluminum 
                            production capacity in the United States.
Sec. 150. Domestic requirements for aluminum.
Sec. 151. Quality wage protections for Federal investments.
Sec. 152. COVID-19 critical medical supply chain transparency.
            Part II--Semiconductor Manufacturing Incentives

Sec. 153. Semiconductor incentive grants.
Sec. 154. Department of Defense investment in the microelectronics 
                            industry.
Sec. 155. Department of Commerce study on status of microelectronics 
                            technologies in the United States 
                            industrial base.
Sec. 156. Multilateral microelectronics security fund.
Sec. 157. Advanced semiconductor research and design.
Sec. 158. Prohibition on access to assistance by foreign adversaries.
        Subtitle E--Education and Countering Influence Campaigns

Sec. 161. Findings on Chinese information warfare and malign influence 
                            operations.
Sec. 162. Sense of Congress on support for higher education.
Sec. 163. Establish limitations regarding Confucius Institutes.
Sec. 164. Disclosures of foreign gifts to United States institutions of 
                            higher education.
Sec. 165. Encourage the development of a non-governmental code of 
                            conduct for countering malign influence at 
                            colleges and universities.
Sec. 166. Authorization of appropriations for science, technology, 
                            engineering, and mathematics education and 
                            training.
Sec. 167. Authorization of appropriations for the Fulbright-Hays 
                            Program.
Sec. 168. Authorization of appropriations for international and foreign 
                            language education programs.
Sec. 169. Support for science and engineering research infrastructure.
Sec. 170. Building the innovation and manufacturing workforce of the 
                            United States.
Sec. 171. Apprenticeship opportunities.
Sec. 172. Community college and industry partnership grants.
Sec. 173. Sense of Congress that institutions of higher education, 
                            Federal and State governments, and 
                            businesses should address the 
                            underrepresentation of students of color 
                            and women in STEM fields.
Sec. 174. Prohibition on certain Federal employees accepting trademarks 
                            from the Government of China.
Sec. 175. Report on the Government of China's efforts to influence and 
                            intimidate Chinese diaspora communities.
Sec. 176. Creation of a civil society fund to research and document 
                            Chinese government operations.
Sec. 177. Supporting local media.
           TITLE II--INVESTING IN ALLIANCES AND PARTNERSHIPS

              Subtitle A--Strategic and Diplomatic Matters

Sec. 201. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 202. United States commitment and support for allies and partners 
                            in the Indo-Pacific.
Sec. 203. Reviving United States leadership in international 
                            organizations and regional institutions.
Sec. 204. Mandate to use sanctions authorities with respect to the 
                            People's Republic of China.
Sec. 205. Negotiations with G7 countries on the People's Republic of 
                            China.
Sec. 206. Enhancing the United States-Taiwan partnership.
Sec. 207. Global public health risk reduction program.
Sec. 208. Enhancement of diplomatic and economic engagement with 
                            Pacific island countries.
Sec. 209. Reporting on the Belt and Road Initiative after onset of the 
                            COVID-19 pandemic.
Sec. 210. United States international development and investment 
                            agenda.
Sec. 211. Report on Department of State personnel and resources devoted 
                            to the Indo-Pacific.
Sec. 212. United States-China climate cooperation.
Sec. 213. Enhancing United States leadership and competitiveness in 
                            advancing global clean energy development.
Sec. 214. Authorizing appropriations for United States contributions to 
                            the Green Climate Fund.
Sec. 215. Energy diplomacy and security within the Department of State.
Sec. 216. Sense of Congress on the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal 
                            Protocol.
               Subtitle B--International Security Matters

Sec. 221. Definitions.
Sec. 222. Statement of policy.
Sec. 223. Additional funding for the security of the Indo-Pacific 
                            region.
Sec. 224. Prohibition on use of funds to withdraw the United States 
                            Armed Forces from Japan and the Republic of 
                            Korea.
Sec. 225. Additional funding for foreign military financing in the 
                            Indo-Pacific.
Sec. 226. Additional funding for international military education and 
                            training in the Indo-Pacific.
Sec. 227. Prioritizing excess defense article transfers for the Indo-
                            Pacific.
Sec. 228. Prioritizing excess naval vessel transfers for the Indo-
                            Pacific.
Sec. 229. Sense of Congress on arms exports and human rights.
Sec. 230. Enhancing the United States-Taiwan defense relationship.
Sec. 231. Report on United States efforts to engage the People's 
                            Republic of China on nuclear issues and 
                            ballistic missile issues.
Sec. 232. Statement of policy on maritime freedom of operations in 
                            international waterways and airspace of the 
                            Indo-Pacific and on artificial land 
                            features in the South China Sea.
Sec. 233. Statement of policy on becoming a state party to the United 
                            Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Sec. 234. Report on roles, missions, and capabilities of Indo-Pacific 
                            partners.
Sec. 235. Indo-Pacific maritime security initiative.
Sec. 236. Reporting on countries purchasing arms from the People's 
                            Republic of China.
  Subtitle C--Regional Strategies To Counter the People's Republic of 
                                 China

Sec. 240. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
                       Part I--Western Hemisphere

Sec. 241. Sense of Congress regarding United States-Canada relations.
Sec. 242. Sense of Congress regarding the Government of China's 
                            arbitrary imprisonment of Canadian 
                            citizens.
Sec. 243. Strategy to enhance cooperation with Canada.
Sec. 244. Enhancing cooperation between the United States and Canada on 
                            technology issues with respect to the 
                            People's Republic of China.
Sec. 245. Enhancing United States-Canada-NATO cooperation on defense 
                            issues with respect to the People's 
                            Republic of China.
Sec. 246. Strategy to strengthen economic competitiveness, governance, 
                            human rights, and the rule of law in Latin 
                            America and the Caribbean.
Sec. 247. Engagement in regional and international organizations in 
                            Latin America and the Caribbean.
Sec. 248. Response to the Belt and Road Initiative in Latin America and 
                            the Caribbean.
Sec. 249. Technological cooperation with Latin American and Caribbean 
                            governments.
Sec. 249A. Defense cooperation in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Sec. 249B. Engagement with civil society in Latin America and the 
                            Caribbean regarding accountability, human 
                            rights, and the risks of pervasive 
                            surveillance technologies.
                    Part II--Transatlantic Alliance

Sec. 251. Sense of Congress on the transatlantic alliance.
Sec. 252. Strategy requirement.
Sec. 253. Enhancing United States-European Union cooperation on post-
                            COVID-19 economic relations with the 
                            People's Republic of China.
Sec. 254. Response to the People's Republic of China's Belt and Road 
                            Initiative.
Sec. 255. Enhancing United States-European Union cooperation on 
                            technology issues with respect to the 
                            People's Republic of China.
Sec. 256. Enhancing United States-European Union-NATO cooperation on 
                            defense issues with respect to the People's 
                            Republic of China.
Sec. 257. Engaging with civil society and enhancing United States-
                            European Union cooperation on democracy and 
                            human rights with respect to the People's 
                            Republic of China.
                    Part III--South and Central Asia

Sec. 260. Strategy to enhance cooperation with South and Central Asia.
            Part IV--Association of Southeast Asian Nations

Sec. 261. Sense of Congress on cooperation with ASEAN.
Sec. 262. ASEAN strategy requirement.
Sec. 263. Enhancing United States-ASEAN cooperation on economic 
                            relations with the People's Republic of 
                            China.
Sec. 264. Enhancing United States-ASEAN cooperation on democracy and 
                            human rights with respect to the People's 
                            Republic of China.
Sec. 265. Sense of Congress on enhancing United States-ASEAN 
                            cooperation on technology issues with 
                            respect to the People's Republic of China.
                             Part V--Africa

Sec. 271. Assessment of political, economic, and security activity of 
                            the People's Republic of China in Africa.
Sec. 272. Increasing the competitiveness of the United States in 
                            Africa.
Sec. 273. Digital security cooperation with respect to Africa.
Sec. 274. Increasing personnel in United States embassies in sub-
                            Saharan Africa focused on the People's 
                            Republic of China.
Sec. 275. Support for civil society in Africa.
                 Part VI--Middle East and North Africa

Sec. 277. Strategy to counter Chinese influence in, and access to, the 
                            Middle East and North Africa.
Sec. 278. Report on Chinese energy, infrastructure, and economic 
                            development in the Middle East and North 
                            Africa.
Sec. 279. Middle East Partnership Initiative.
                        Part VII--Arctic Region

Sec. 281. Arctic Region defined.
Sec. 282. Sense of Congress on Arctic security.
Sec. 283. Arctic Security Strategy.
                    Subtitle D--Intelligence Matters

Sec. 291. Definitions.
Sec. 292. Independent review of counterintelligence apparatus and 
                            structure of Federal Government.
Sec. 293. Review organizational culture of intelligence community with 
                            respect to diversity, inclusion, and equity 
                            practices.
                   TITLE III--INVESTING IN OUR VALUES

Sec. 301. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 302. Tibet policy and support.
Sec. 303. Authorization of appropriations for promotion of democracy in 
                            Hong Kong.
Sec. 304. Hong Kong special immigrant visa access and civil society 
                            support.
Sec. 305. Uyghur special immigrant visa access and civil society 
                            support for groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur 
                            autonomous region.
Sec. 306. Imposition of sanctions relating to forced labor.
Sec. 307. Investigations of allegations of goods produced with forced 
                            labor.
Sec. 308. Restrictions on export, reexport, and in-country transfers of 
                            certain items that provide a critical 
                            capability to the Government of China to 
                            suppress individual privacy, freedom, and 
                            other basic human rights.
Sec. 309. Report on use and applicability of sanctions to Chinese 
                            officials complicit in human rights 
                            violations.
Sec. 310. Reciprocity for media organizations.
Sec. 311. Report on corrupt activities of senior officials of 
                            Government of China.
Sec. 312. Review to increase awareness of influence operations of the 
                            Government of China in the United States 
                            and strengthening trust of law enforcement 
                            in communities.
Sec. 313. Confronting anti-Asian racism in the United States.
             TITLE IV--INVESTING IN OUR ECONOMIC STATECRAFT

Sec. 401. Appropriate congressional committees defined.
Sec. 402. Authorization of additional appropriations.
                     Subtitle A--Trade Enforcement

Sec. 411. Authority to review inbound and outbound investment.
Sec. 412. Establishment of Special Investigations Unit in Office of the 
                            United States Trade Representative.
Sec. 413. Establishment of Inspector General of the Office of the 
                            United States Trade Representative.
Sec. 414. Audit of process for seeking exclusions from certain duties.
Sec. 415. Identification of and accountability with respect to 
                            government-coerced censorship.
Sec. 416. Reports on agreements to resolve disputes under section 301 
                            of the Trade Act of 1974.
Sec. 417. Technical and legal support for addressing intellectual 
                            property rights infringement cases.
Sec. 418. Improvement of anti-counterfeiting measures.
                     Subtitle B--Financial Services

Sec. 431. Findings on transparency and disclosure; sense of Congress.
Sec. 432. Disclosure of private business transactions with foreign 
                            persons.
Sec. 433. Cyber theft disclosure.
Sec. 434. Cybersecurity expertise disclosure.
Sec. 435. Independence from influence of the Government of China.
Sec. 436. Establishment of interagency task force to address Chinese 
                            market manipulation in the United States.
Sec. 437. Holding foreign companies accountable.
                     Subtitle C--Economic Security

Sec. 441. Imposition of sanctions with respect to theft of trade 
                            secrets of United States persons.
Sec. 442. Countering foreign corrupt practices.
Sec. 443. Debt relief for countries eligible for assistance from the 
                            International Development Association.
Sec. 444. Collection of information from United States entities 
                            concerning requests by the Government of 
                            China.
Sec. 445. Report on manner and extent to which the Government of China 
                            exploits Hong Kong to circumvent United 
                            States laws and protections.
Sec. 446. Monitoring overcapacity of industries in the People's 
                            Republic of China.
Sec. 447. Report on currency issues with respect to the People's 
                            Republic of China.
Sec. 448. Report on exposure of the United States to the financial 
                            system of the People's Republic of China.
Sec. 449. Report on the extent to which United States entities across 
                            industrial sectors source from the People's 
                            Republic of China and use Chinese-operated 
                            global distribution networks.
Sec. 450. Report on anticompetitive behavior by the Government of 
                            China.
Sec. 451. Report on investment reciprocity between the United States 
                            and the People's Republic of China.
Sec. 452. Statement of policy to encourage the development of a 
                            corporate code of conduct for countering 
                            malign influence in the private sector.
Sec. 453. Analysis of foreign laws, policies, and practices that harm 
                            competition.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States and the People's Republic of China 
        established diplomatic relations on January 1, 1979, and both 
        countries can benefit from constructive diplomatic ties and 
        regular dialogue.
            (2) The strategic competition between the United States and 
        the People's Republic of China will shape the future of the 
        21st century, and the United States must accordingly 
        reinvigorate its domestic industries and invest in research and 
        development, entrepreneurs, domestic manufacturing, and the 
        skills, education, and success of a diverse and inclusive 
        workforce, while also ensuring that American soft and hard 
        power remain unparalleled on the world stage.
            (3) United States policy towards the People's Republic of 
        China is part of a broader approach to the Indo-Pacific and the 
        world which aspires to work with our allies and partners to 
        advance shared values and interests by preserving and enhancing 
        a free, open, democratic inclusive, rules-based, stable, and 
        diverse region.
            (4) The United States does not seek to determine a 
        particular state for the People's Republic of China or contain 
        the People's Republic of China's legitimate development or the 
        legitimate aspirations of the Chinese people; nor do we wish to 
        disengage from the People's Republic of China or its people.
            (5) The Government of China has made and continues to make 
        decisions that fundamentally challenge United States national 
        interests, regional peace and stability, and international 
        security, including on vital strategic, economic, and 
        diplomatic matters, human rights, and the rule of law.
            (6) The malign activities of the Government of China 
        related to predatory trade practices, economic espionage, 
        regional aggression, and disrespect for human rights, 
        democratic norms, and international law inhibits diplomatic, 
        economic, and security relations with the United States.
            (7) United States-China trade and economic relations have 
        expanded significantly over the past three decades. Yet the 
        People's Republic of China's commitments on trade issues, 
        including technology transfers, intellectual property rights, 
        and subsidies of domestic industries, have fallen short, 
        requiring a rebalancing of trade and economic ties, the 
        enforcement of existing rules and agreements, and the pursuit 
        of future trade agreements that include rigorous verification 
        and enforcement mechanisms.
            (8) In recent years, United States-China military 
        exchanges, with a goal of achieving greater transparency, 
        mutual understanding, and confidence, have included high-level 
        visits and recurrent exchanges between civilian and military 
        officials. The United States remains committed to military-
        military engagement that would help to prevent miscalculation 
        and miscommunication.
            (9) The authoritarianism of the Government of China has 
        deepened under General Secretary Xi Jinping, including a 
        decision to remove presidential term limits and new and 
        repressive policies in Hong Kong, Xinjiang, and Tibet, a new 
        governance model embracing ``digital authoritarianism,'' and 
        steps to severely repress and crush China's civil society.
            (10) The United States and the People's Republic of China 
        are both permanent members of the United Nations Security 
        Council and have opportunities to cooperate where shared 
        interests align on areas of mutual concern, including 
        mitigating the effects of climate change, building a strong 
        global economy, and ensuring regional peace and security.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Apprenticeship.--The term ``apprenticeship'' means an 
        apprenticeship program that is registered by the Office of 
        Apprenticeship or a State apprenticeship agency under the Act 
        of August 16, 1937 (commonly known as the ``National 
        Apprenticeship Act'') (50 State. 664, chapter 663; 29 U.S.C. 50 
        et seq.), including, as in effect on December 30, 2019, any 
        requirement, standard, or rule promulgated under that Act.
            (2) Critical technology; critical technology areas.--The 
        terms ``critical technology'' and ``critical technology area'' 
        have the meaning given the term ``critical technology'' in 
        section 103(a).

SEC. 4. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON INDO-PACIFIC AND CHINA STRATEGY.

    It shall be the policy of the United States:
            (1) To preserve and enhance a free, open, inclusive, 
        stable, and diversified Indo-Pacific in which countries pursue 
        their objectives peacefully and in accordance with 
        international law and shared norms and principles, including--
                    (A) the peaceful resolution of disputes;
                    (B) an open economic order that promotes strong, 
                sustainable, balanced, and equitable growth through a 
                level, competitive playing field; and
                    (C) a diplomatic and political order that promotes 
                peace and human dignity, based on the rule of law and 
                respect for human rights.
            (2) To strengthen cooperation among our partners in the 
        region, leveraging their significant and growing capabilities 
        to build a network of like-minded states that sustains and 
        strengthens a rules-based regional order and addresses regional 
        and global challenges.
            (3) To recognize and respond to the differences between the 
        United States and the People's Republic of China and the 
        geopolitical, strategic, economic, technological, and normative 
        challenge that the Government of China, under President Xi 
        Jinping's leadership, poses to the United States and to the 
        global community, as well as to the opportunities that exist to 
        engage cooperatively with a China that is peaceful, stable, 
        prosperous, and a responsible player in international affairs, 
        with economic policies consistent with a rules-based level 
        playing field and its international obligations.

SEC. 5. RULES OF CONSTRUCTION.

    (a) Restriction on Funding for Apprenticeship Programs.--Funds made 
available under this Act to support apprenticeship programs may only be 
used to support apprenticeship programs that meet the definition of 
apprenticeship under section 3.
    (b) Applicability of Existing Restrictions on Assistance to Foreign 
Security Forces.--Nothing in this Act shall be construed to diminish, 
supplant, supersede, or otherwise restrict or prevent responsibilities 
of the United States Government under 620M of the Foreign Assistance 
Act (22 U.S.C. 2378d) or section 362 of title 10, United States Code.

             TITLE I--INVESTING IN AMERICAN COMPETITIVENESS

                   Subtitle A--Science and Technology

SEC. 101. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this subtitle, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Select 
        Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Commerce, Science, 
        and Transportation, the Committee on Energy and Natural 
        Resources, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; 
        and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent Select 
        Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Energy and 
        Commerce, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, and 
        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 102. RESTORATION OF FEDERAL FUNDING FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) In General.--There is authorized to be appropriated for Federal 
funding for research and development in science and technology--
            (1) for the period of the 4 calendar years beginning after 
        the date of enactment of this Act, $300,000,000,000, which 
        shall be in addition to any other Federal funding available for 
        such purposes; and
            (2) for each fiscal year following the end of the period 
        described in paragraph (1), the amount necessary to provide for 
        increased total funding (including any other Federal funding 
        available) for such purposes at a level that is 3 percent more 
        than the total funding provided for such purposes for the 
        preceding fiscal year.
    (b) Budget Requirements.--
            (1) Omb identification.--The Director of the Office of 
        Management and Budget shall, for each of the fiscal years 2020 
        through 2026--
                    (A) determine the amount of funds that should be 
                made available to each applicable Federal agency, 
                including all Federal science agencies, in order to 
                ensure that the Federal Government supports research 
                and development in science and technology for the 
                fiscal year in the amount described in subsection (a); 
                and
                    (B) inform the head of each applicable Federal 
                agency of the amount determined under subparagraph (A) 
                for such agency.
            (2) Budgets.--For each of fiscal years 2020 through 2026--
                    (A) the head of each Federal science agency shall 
                prepare and submit a budget estimate and request to the 
                Director of the Office of Management and Budget for 
                such fiscal year that provides for funding for science 
                and technology at the level determined under paragraph 
                (1)(A) for the agency; and
                    (B) the President shall include, in the budget 
                submitted under section 1105 of title 31, United States 
                Code, for the fiscal year, the budget estimate and 
                request prepared by the head of each Federal science 
                agency under subparagraph (A) for such fiscal year.
            (3) Definition of federal science agency.--In this 
        subsection, the term ``Federal science agency'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 103 of the America COMPETES 
        Reauthorization Act of 2010 (42 U.S.C. 6623).

SEC. 103. EXCELLENCE IN CRITICAL TECHNOLOGIES PROGRAM.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Council.--The term ``Council'' means the National 
        Science and Technology Council.
            (2) Critical technologies.--The term ``critical 
        technologies'' means the technologies included on the most 
        recent list under subsection (e), including any additions or 
        deletions made by the Director in accordance with subsection 
        (e)(2).
            (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of 
        the Office of Science and Technology Policy.
            (4) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given the 
        term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001(a)).
            (5) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an eligible institution described 
        in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
            (6) National laboratories.--The term ``National 
        Laboratories'' has the meaning given that term in section 2 of 
        the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 15801).
            (7) Program.--The term ``Program'' means the Excellence in 
        Critical Technologies Program established under subsection (b).
            (8) Socially and economically disadvantaged individual.--
        The term ``socially and economically disadvantaged individual'' 
        means any socially and economically disadvantaged individual 
        described in the flush text following section 8(d)(3)(C) of the 
        Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(3)(C)) and in any relevant 
        subcontracting regulation issued under such section 8(d).
    (b) Excellence in Critical Technologies Program Established.--
            (1) In general.--The Director, acting through the Council, 
        shall coordinate interagency activities to develop and advance 
        critical technologies in the United States.
            (2) Designation.--The initiative established under 
        paragraph (1) shall be known as the ``Excellence in Critical 
        Technologies Program''.
    (c) Activities of Program.--The activities of the Program shall 
include the following:
            (1) Establish and coordinate interagency initiatives to 
        advance critical technologies through research and development, 
        and to encourage and enable the domestic production of such 
        technologies, that will draw on the private sector, 
        institutions of higher education (including minority-serving 
        institutions), National Laboratories, Federal laboratories, and 
        other relevant entities, as appropriate.
            (2) Advise Congress on opportunities for greater investment 
        in United States entities involved in the domestic development, 
        deployment, and manufacturing of critical technologies.
            (3) Collaborate with labor organizations (including labor 
        unions), elementary and secondary schools, institutions of 
        higher education (including minority-serving institutions), and 
        other educational institutions and training providers on best 
        practices for--
                    (A) developing the United States technology 
                workforce;
                    (B) creating and protecting domestic jobs; and
                    (C) increasing participation in the technology 
                workforce by low-income individuals, women, racial and 
                ethnic minorities, and other underrepresented 
                populations.
            (4) Establish norms for the proper development of critical 
        technologies that ensure--
                    (A) the application of the critical technologies 
                remains consistent with individual human rights; and
                    (B) the critical technologies cannot be abused by 
                authoritarian states.
    (d) Agencies.--The program shall be implemented by the following 
agencies:
            (1) The Department of Commerce, including the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (2) The Department of Defense.
            (3) The Department of Energy.
            (4) The National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
            (5) The National Institutes of Health.
            (6) The National Institute of Standards and Technology.
            (7) The National Science Foundation.
            (8) Other relevant agencies designated by the Director.
    (e) List of Critical Technologies; Updating Process.--
            (1) Initial list.--The initial list of critical 
        technologies shall consist of the following:
                    (A) Artificial intelligence and machine learning.
                    (B) High-performance computing, semiconductors, and 
                advanced computer hardware.
                    (C) Quantum computing and information systems.
                    (D) Robotics, automation, and advanced 
                manufacturing.
                    (E) Natural or anthropogenic disaster prevention.
                    (F) Advanced communications technology.
                    (G) Biotechnology, genomics, and synthetic biology.
                    (H) Advanced energy technology.
                    (I) Cybersecurity, data storage, and data 
                management technologies.
                    (J) Metal and material production relevant to other 
                critical technologies.
                    (K) Materials science, engineering, and exploration 
                relevant to other critical technologies.
            (2) Adding or deleting critical technologies.--Beginning on 
        the date that is 4 years after the date of enactment of this 
        Act, and every 4 years thereafter, the Director--
                    (A) shall, in consultation with the working group 
                established under subsection (f), review the list of 
                critical technologies developed under this subsection; 
                and
                    (B) as part of that review, may add or delete 
                critical technologies if the competitive threats to the 
                United States have shifted (whether because the United 
                States or other nations have advanced or fallen behind 
                in a technology), subject to paragraph (3).
            (3) Limit on critical technology categories.--Not more than 
        10 critical technology categories shall be included on the list 
        of critical technologies at any time.
            (4) Updating list of critical technologies and 
        distribution.--Upon the completion of each review under 
        paragraph (2), the Director shall make the list of critical 
        technologies readily available to the public, including by 
        publishing the list in the Federal Register, even if no changes 
        have been made to the prior list.
    (f) Private Sector Working Group.--
            (1) Establishment.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
        of enactment of this Act, the Director shall establish a 
        private sector working group to advise the Federal Government 
        in the development of a strategy to achieve the activities 
        listed in subsection (c).
            (2) Membership.--
                    (A) Composition.--The working group established 
                under paragraph (1) shall be composed of members 
                selected by the Director from among the following:
                            (i) Leading technical experts on critical 
                        technologies.
                            (ii) Business leaders, including from 
                        startups, small businesses, and businesses 
                        owned by socially and economically 
                        disadvantaged individuals, formerly 
                        incarcerated individuals, women, veterans, and 
                        other underrepresented populations.
                            (iii) Representatives of labor 
                        organizations (including labor unions).
                            (iv) Representatives of elementary, 
                        secondary, and higher education, and of 
                        workforce development, including organizations 
                        that specialize in workforce diversity and 
                        inclusion.
                            (v) Experts on human rights.
                            (vi) Experts on cybersecurity.
                            (vii) Experts on safety and health.
                    (B) Leadership.--The Director shall designate one 
                individual named under subparagraph (A) to be the chair 
                of the working group established under paragraph (1).
                    (C) Advice.--Before making appointments under this 
                subsection, the Director shall consult with the 
                National Academy of Sciences and other relevant groups.
            (3) Convene.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the working group established under 
        paragraph (1) shall convene for the first time.
            (4) Meetings.--After its first meeting, the working group 
        established under paragraph (1) shall convene once every 3 
        months or when called upon by the Director.
            (5) Conflict of interest.--The Director shall establish 
        procedures, in accordance with Federal law, to deal with 
        conflicts of interest.
    (g) Reporting Requirement.--Each year, at the time of the 
President's annual budget submission to Congress, the Director shall 
submit a report that describes--
            (1) the activities and funding levels of the Program, by 
        agency, in the prior and current fiscal years, and plans for 
        activities in the upcoming fiscal year;
            (2) the overall strategy to advance critical technologies 
        through the Program and to encourage and enable the domestic 
        production of the critical technologies;
            (3) the achievements of the Program in the prior fiscal 
        year and any elements of the Program that need to be 
        strengthened; and
            (4) how agency activities are being coordinated to maximize 
        the effectiveness of Federal efforts.
    (h) Endless Frontier.--
            (1) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) the Director of the National Science Foundation 
                should establish a Technology Directorate, consistent 
                with the bill entitled ``A bill to establish a new 
                Directorate for Technology in the redesignated National 
                Science and Technology Foundation, to establish a 
                regional technology hub program, to require a strategy 
                and report on economic security, science, research, and 
                innovation, and for other purposes'' (S. 3832, 116th 
                Congress, introduced on May 21, 2020) (referred to in 
                this subsection as the ``Endless Frontier Act''), to 
                advance research and innovation in critical 
                technologies;
                    (B) the Secretary of Commerce should establish 
                regional technology hubs, consistent with the Endless 
                Frontier Act, to promote regional economic development 
                related to critical technologies; and
                    (C) the Director of the National Science Foundation 
                requires an additional $100,000,000,000 over a period 
                of 5 years, and the Secretary of Commerce requires an 
                additional $10,000,000,000 over a period of 5 years, to 
                carry out subparagraphs (A) and (B).
            (2) Implementation.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall carry out this 
                section in a manner consistent with the agency roles in 
                the Endless Frontier Act.
                    (B) Transition after enactment.--Beginning upon the 
                date of enactment of the Endless Frontier Act, the role 
                of the working group under subsection (f) shall be 
                carried out by the Board of Advisors established under 
                the Endless Frontier Act.
    (i) Consultation.--In carrying out this section, the Director shall 
consult with the National Economic Council, the National Security 
Council, and other relevant White House entities.

SEC. 104. LIST OF ACQUISITION PROGRAMS, TECHNOLOGIES, MANUFACTURING 
              CAPABILITIES, AND RESEARCH AREAS CRITICAL TO NATIONAL AND 
              ECONOMIC SECURITY.

    (a) List Required.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy (referred to in this section as the 
        ``Director''), in coordination with the National Security 
        Council, the National Economic Council, and the relevant 
        agencies described in paragraph (2), shall establish and 
        maintain a list of acquisition programs, technologies, 
        manufacturing capabilities, and research areas that are 
        critical for maintaining the national and economic security 
        technological advantage of the United States over foreign 
        countries of special concern.
            (2) Relevant agencies.--The agencies described in this 
        paragraph are--
                    (A) the Department of Commerce, including the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology and the 
                Bureau of Industry and Security;
                    (B) the Department of Defense;
                    (C) the Department of Energy;
                    (D) the National Aeronautics and Space 
                Administration;
                    (E) the National Institutes of Health;
                    (F) the National Science Foundation; and
                    (G) other relevant agencies designated by the 
                Director.
    (b) Use of List.--The Director may use the list established and 
maintained under subsection (a)(1) for the following purposes:
            (1) To guide the recommendations of the Federal Government 
        in any interagency determinations conducted pursuant to Federal 
        law relating to technology protection, including relating to 
        export licensing, deemed exports, technology transfer, and 
        foreign direct investment.
            (2) To inform Federal Government interagency processes on 
        promotion and protection activities involving acquisition 
        programs and technologies that are necessary to achieve and 
        maintain the national and economic security technology 
        advantage of the United States, including those that are 
        supportive of military requirements and strategies.
            (3) To inform the Federal Government's activities to 
        integrate acquisition, intelligence, counterintelligence and 
        security, and law enforcement to inform requirements, 
        acquisition, programmatic, and strategic courses of action for 
        technology protection.
            (4) To identify vulnerabilities in supply chains in 
        critical technologies and foundational manufacturing 
        capabilities that are key to domestic manufacturing 
        competitiveness and resiliency, including forming, casting, 
        machining, joining, surface treatment, and tooling.
            (5) To inform development of research investment strategies 
        and activities and development of innovation centers and the 
        critical technology industrial base through the employment of 
        financial assistance from the Federal Government through 
        appropriate statutory authorities and programs.
            (6) To identify opportunities for alliances and 
        partnerships in key research and development areas to achieve 
        and maintain a national and economic security technology 
        advantage.
            (7) To identify opportunities for the Federal Government's 
        acquisition programs to prompt the development, deployment, and 
        domestic manufacturing of technologies, including creating 
        market demand for new technologies and key manufacturing 
        processes.
            (8) For such other purposes as the Director considers 
        appropriate.
    (c) Updates.--Not less frequently than once each year, the Director 
shall update the list established and maintained under subsection 
(a)(1).
    (d) Publication.--
            (1) Initial publication.--Not later than 180 days after the 
        date of enactment of this Act, the Director shall publish the 
        list established and maintained under subsection (a)(1).
            (2) Updates.--Not later than one year after publishing the 
        list under paragraph (1) and not less frequently than once each 
        year thereafter, the Director shall publish the list more 
        recently updated under subsection (c).
            (3) Justifications.--Each publication under this subsection 
        shall include a justification for the inclusion of items on the 
        list, including specific performance and technical figures of 
        merit.
    (e) Excellence in Critical Technologies Program.--The Director 
shall implement this section in conjunction with the Excellence in 
Critical Technologies Program established by section 103.

SEC. 105. DEPARTMENT OF STATE OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC 
              SCIENTIFIC INNOVATION.

    (a) In General.--There shall be established in the Office of the 
Secretary of State, the Office of International Strategic Scientific 
Innovation (referred to in this section as the ``Office''). The head of 
the Office shall be appointed by the President, with the advice and 
consent of the Senate, shall be referred to as the Ambassador at Large 
for International Strategic Scientific Innovation, and shall report 
directly to the Secretary of State.
    (b) Duties.--The Office shall--
            (1) develop and communicate United States positions 
        regarding scientific innovation policies and the exchange of 
        scientific information;
            (2) coordinate with allies and partner governments to 
        ensure that the United States works cooperatively with nations 
        in the Group of Seven and the Organization for Economic Co-
        operation and Development to leverage our combined technical 
        expertise to lead in scientific innovation in the 21st century;
            (3) encourage partner countries--
                    (A) to increase their national research and 
                development budgets;
                    (B) to target specific critical technology sectors 
                for such increased budgets; and
                    (C) to provide research and development tax 
                incentives for technology firms to form international 
                collaborative partnerships;
            (4) coordinate efforts among relevant Federal agencies to 
        build and enhance partnerships with countries to develop 
        digital infrastructure;
            (5) lead the efforts of the Department of State, including 
        through the Under Secretary for Management, to increase 
        opportunities to bring specialists in innovation and critical 
        technologies into the Department of State, including for 
        fellowships and any other program identified by the Office;
            (6) engage with allies and partners with respect to best 
        practices for investing in entities that promote a free, 
        stable, open, and secure digital domain;
            (7) foster increased engagement between United States 
        private sector entities working on critical technologies with 
        private entities or academic institutions located in like-
        minded nations; and
            (8) coordinate with the United States International 
        Development Finance Corporation, the United States Agency for 
        International Development, the Export-Import Bank of the United 
        States, and other Federal departments and agencies to encourage 
        American startups in artificial intelligence and data science, 
        genomics and synthetic biology, quantum information systems, 
        clean energy, and other frontier technologies to invest in, 
        export to, and form research and development partnerships with 
        reputable firms in critical technology ecosystems.
    (c) Qualifications.--The Ambassador at Large for International 
Strategic Scientific Innovation shall have demonstrated expertise in--
            (1) critical technologies;
            (2) scientific innovation and development policy;
            (3) international relations and diplomacy; and
            (4) the intersection of innovation and workforce and skills 
        development.
    (d) Coordination Reporting Requirement.--Not later than 90 days 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the Ambassador at Large for 
International Strategic Scientific Innovation shall submit a strategy 
to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representative for creating 
mechanisms whereby the United States and like-minded countries can 
coordinate--
            (1) to ensure an open flow of ideas related to innovation 
        and technology; and
            (2) to protect the benefits of promoting innovation.

SEC. 106. REPORT ON DEVELOPMENT AND UTILIZATION OF DUAL-USE 
              TECHNOLOGIES BY THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.

    Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense, 
Secretary of Commerce, Secretary of Energy, and Secretary of the 
Treasury, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional 
committees that--
            (1) assesses the Government of China's development and 
        utilization of dual-use technologies (including robotics, 
        artificial intelligence and autonomous systems, facial 
        recognition systems, quantum computing, cryptography, space 
        systems and satellites, 5G telecommunications, and other 
        digitally enabled technologies and services) and the effects of 
        such technologies on the United States and allied national 
        security interests;
            (2) assesses the Government of China's use of global supply 
        chains and other international mechanisms to access foreign 
        technology sources to aid in the development of its domestic 
        dual-use technologies, including--
                    (A) the use of United States-sourced software and 
                hardware in Chinese manufactured technologies;
                    (B) the use of European-sourced software and 
                hardware in Chinese manufactured technologies; and
                    (C) the use of the Belt and Road Initiative to 
                secure resources, knowledge, and other components 
                needed to develop critical dual-use technologies;
            (3) assesses the Government of China's industrial policy 
        and monetary investments, including their effect on the 
        development of Chinese-made dual use technologies;
            (4) assesses the Government of China's cyberespionage and 
        the extent to which such actions have aided in China's 
        development of dual-use technologies;
            (5) describes the policies the United States Government is 
        adopting to protect the interests of the United States with 
        respect to dual-use technologies; and
            (6) recommends additional actions the United States 
        Government should take to enhance the protection of the 
        interests described in this section.

SEC. 107. REPORT ON ANTICOMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR BY THE GOVERNMENT OF 
              CHINA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than one year after the date of 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
Commerce, in consultation with the United States Trade Representative, 
shall submit to the Committee on Finance and the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Ways and Means and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a report 
on anticompetitive behavior by the Government of China, including the 
Government of China's use of the Anti-Monopoly law and subsequent 
treatment of United States companies in the People's Republic of China 
with respect to politically motivated investigations, forced transfer 
of intellectual property or proprietary information, illegal market 
capture, intimidation, bribery and extortion, due process, and 
transparency.
    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
include the following elements:
            (1) An analysis of anticompetitive behavior perpetrated by 
        the Government of China and its state-owned enterprises in 
        specific industries, including--
                    (A) pharmaceuticals;
                    (B) financial services;
                    (C) telecommunications;
                    (D) infrastructure;
                    (E) advance manufacturing;
                    (F) transportation; and
                    (G) critical technologies.
            (2) An assessment of the extent to which and how 
        significant bribery, corruption, and extortion play into their 
        anticompetitive behavior.
            (3) A description of the effects of the Government of 
        China's anticompetitive behavior on United States-owned 
        businesses in the People's Republic of China.
            (4) A description of the effects of the Government of 
        China's anticompetitive behavior on United States domestic 
        industries and jobs.

SEC. 108. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON COOPERATION IN PEACEFUL EXPLORATION OF 
              SPACE AND STRATEGY TO DEVELOP COLLABORATIVE, TRANSPARENT 
              CONDUCT IN SPACE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States should seek areas of cooperation in 
        the peaceful exploration of space;
            (2) the testing and use of anti-satellite technologies by 
        the Government of China or any other country--
                    (A) threatens the peaceful use of space;
                    (B) creates dangerous space debris that impedes the 
                space efforts of all countries; and
                    (C) contributes to a climate of suspicion and 
                instability with respect to space exploration, rather 
                than a climate of cooperation; and
            (3) it is in the interests of all countries to establish 
        and adhere to norms and treaties enshrining principles of free, 
        peaceful, and collaborative conduct in space.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States to 
seek cooperation in the peaceful exploration of space with any country, 
including the People's Republic of China, so long as such cooperation 
does not--
            (1) impinge on critical domestic technologies;
            (2) pose a risk to the security of the United States;
            (3) further debris-producing anti-satellite weapons 
        testing; and
            (4) threaten human rights protections.
    (c) Strategy and Assessment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of enactment of this Act, the President, acting through the 
National Space Council, shall submit to Congress--
            (1) a strategy for pursuing bilateral and multilateral 
        efforts to develop norms, treaties, and agreements governing 
        responsible, collaborative, and transparent conduct in space, 
        including--
                    (A) remote proximity operations between satellites 
                or crewed vehicles;
                    (B) reinforcing and building upon existing 
                agreements limiting the stationing of weapons in outer 
                space or on a celestial body;
                    (C) greater interoperability between space systems, 
                as appropriate, including in furtherance of the United 
                Nations ``Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the 
                Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched 
                into Outer Space'', entered into force on December 3, 
                1968;
                    (D) the protection of heritage or historical sites 
                and artifacts;
                    (E) the registration and mitigation of space debris 
                and development of responsible procedures for disposal 
                of satellites and other objects;
                    (F) clarifying and enhancing responsibility for 
                oversight and governance of commercial or private space 
                activities;
                    (G) the promotion of transparency between countries 
                with respect to space operations and intentions;
                    (H) the sharing of scientific data and research; 
                and
                    (I) reinforcing and expanding adoption of current 
                international treaties and agreements governing conduct 
                in space;
            (2) a strategy for maintaining and enhancing efforts to 
        return humans to the Moon and successfully carry out a crewed 
        mission to Mars; and
            (3) an assessment of the sufficiency of current law and 
        government structures to oversee space activities and foster 
        continuing growth of space industry, including recommendations 
        to achieve the same and a description of any provision of law 
        that unnecessarily impedes appropriate collaboration with 
        foreign countries on space programs.

             Subtitle B--Global Infrastructure Development

SEC. 111. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

     In this subtitle, the term ``appropriate congressional 
committees'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Select 
        Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
        and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, the Committee on 
        Energy and Natural Resources, and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent Select 
        Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Financial Services, 
        the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 112. NEGOTIATIONS TO ESTABLISH INTERNATIONAL QUALITY 
              INFRASTRUCTURE INVESTMENT STANDARDS.

    (a) In General.--The President, acting through the Secretary of 
State and in coordination with the heads of other relevant Federal 
agencies, shall build upon efforts of the G20 and initiate a multi-
stakeholder initiative that brings together governments, the private 
sector, and civil society to encourage the adoption of trusted 
standards for quality global infrastructure development in an open and 
inclusive framework, including with respect to the following issues:
            (1) Respect for the sovereignty of countries in which 
        infrastructure investments are made.
            (2) Anti-corruption.
            (3) Rule of law.
            (4) Human rights and labor rights.
            (5) Fiscal and debt sustainability.
            (6) Social and governance safeguards.
            (7) Transparency.
            (8) Environmental and energy standards, including support 
        for high-quality carbon-neutral energy infrastructure promoting 
        new and renewable technologies, including wind and solar and 
        commitments to reduce particulate pollution and greenhouse gas 
        emissions.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States should immediately launch a series of fora around the world 
showcasing the commitment of the United States and partners of the 
United States to high-quality development cooperation, including with 
respect to the issues as described in subsection (a).
    (c) Report on Progress of Negotiations.--Not later than one year 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 
to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee 
on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a briefing on the 
progress of any negotiations conducted under subsection (a).

SEC. 113. GLOBAL ASSESSMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) In General.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, the Secretary of Commerce, the Board of Directors of the 
United States International Development Finance Corporation, and, as 
appropriate, the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report that--
            (1) assesses infrastructure around the world;
            (2) describes interests of the United States relating to 
        infrastructure, disaggregated by regional and functional 
        priorities; and
            (3) identifies--
                    (A) pending or future projects that would be 
                considered vital to those interests; and
                    (B) pending or future projects that pose little or 
                no threat to those interests.
    (b) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.
    (c) Use of Information by United States International Development 
Finance Corporation.--The Board of Directors of the United States 
International Development Finance Corporation shall use the assessment 
conducted under subsection (a) to inform decisions relating to the 
appropriate allocation of funds available to the Corporation, 
consistent with the authorities of the Corporation under the Better 
Utilization of Investments Leading to Development Act of 2018 (22 
U.S.C. 9601 et seq.).

SEC. 114. INFRASTRUCTURE TRANSACTION AND ASSISTANCE NETWORK.

    The Secretary of State shall establish a program, to be known as 
the ``Infrastructure Transaction and Assistance Network'', under which 
the Secretary, in coordination with the Global Infrastructure 
Coordinating Committee, shall advance the development of quality 
infrastructure, as described in section 113, around the world by--
            (1) strengthening capacity-building programs to improve 
        project evaluation processes, regulatory and procurement 
        environments, and project preparation capacity of countries 
        that are partners of the United States in such development;
            (2) providing transaction advisory services to support 
        sustainable infrastructure; and
            (3) coordinating the provision of United States assistance 
        for the development of infrastructure and catalyzing investment 
        led by the private sector.

SEC. 115. PROVISION OF ASSISTANCE BY COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN 
              THE UNITED STATES TO ALLIES AND PARTNERS WITH RESPECT TO 
              REVIEWING FOREIGN INVESTMENT.

    Section 721(c)(3) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 
4565(c)(3)) is amended--
            (1) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
        following:
                    ``(A) In general.--The chairperson, in the 
                discretion of the chairperson and in consultation with 
                other members of the Committee, shall, to protect the 
                national security of the United States and countries 
                that are allies or partners of the United States, 
                establish a formal process for--
                            ``(i) the exchange of information under 
                        paragraph (2)(C) with the governments of such 
                        countries; and
                            ``(ii) the provision of assistance to those 
                        countries with respect to--
                                    ``(I) reviewing foreign investment 
                                transactions in such countries;
                                    ``(II) determining the beneficial 
                                ownership of parties to such 
                                transactions; and
                                    ``(III) identifying trends in 
                                investment and technology that could 
                                pose risks to the national security of 
                                the United States and such 
                                countries.''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (B)--
                    (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``; and'' and 
                inserting a semicolon;
                    (B) by redesignating clause (iii) as clause (iv); 
                and
                    (C) by inserting after clause (ii) the following:
                            ``(iii) provide for the provision of 
                        assistance to support such countries to review 
                        foreign investment transactions in such 
                        countries and determine the beneficial 
                        ownership of the parties to such transactions; 
                        and''.

SEC. 116. STRATEGY FOR ADVANCED AND RELIABLE ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) Strategy for Developing Countries.--The President shall direct 
a whole-of-government effort, through the National Security Council, to 
establish a comprehensive, integrated, multiyear strategy, in 
consultation with the United States private sector--
            (1) to strengthen energy security;
            (2) to increase clean energy and trade;
            (3) to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and congestion from 
        transportation sectors; and
            (4) to expand energy access in developing countries that 
        are critical to United States interests around the world.
    (b) Strategy To Increase United States Clean Energy Exports.--Not 
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and 
annually thereafter for the next 5 years, the Secretary of State, in 
consultation with the Secretary of Energy, shall establish a United 
States Government strategy to increase United States exports of clean 
energy technology to assist foreign countries in--
            (1) strengthening their energy security;
            (2) creating open, efficient, rule-based, and transparent 
        energy markets;
            (3) improving free, fair, and reciprocal energy trading 
        relationships; and
            (4) expanding access to affordable, reliable, clean energy 
        and low carbon transportation.
    (c) Advanced and Reliable Energy Partnerships.--It is the sense of 
Congress that--
            (1) the United States should establish bilateral, 
        multilateral, and regional initiatives to increase energy 
        security in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, North 
        Africa, and the Indo-Pacific region;
            (2) the United States should explore opportunities to 
        partner with the private sector and multilateral institutions, 
        such as the World Bank, to promote universal access to reliable 
        clean energy and less carbon intensive transportation in 
        developing countries;
            (3) the United States should establish a partnership 
        between the Department of Energy national laboratories and the 
        governments of appropriate countries to provide technical 
        assistance with respect to electrical grid development and the 
        development and deployment of new and advanced clean energy 
        technologies including low- and zero-emission vehicles; and
            (4) the United States should seek to encourage and support 
        the export of United States-based efforts for the development 
        and deployment of new and advanced clean energy technology, 
        including low- and zero-emissions vehicles, as a central 
        element of the development strategy of the United States.

SEC. 117. ENSURING GREATER TRANSPARENCY OF FINANCING PROVIDED BY THE 
              PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) United States Policy at International Financial Institutions.--
The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the United States 
Executive Director of each international financial institution (as 
defined in section 1701(c)(2) of the International Financial 
Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r(c)(2)) that it is the policy of the 
United States to use the voice and vote of the United States at that 
institution to seek to secure greater transparency with respect to the 
terms and conditions of financing provided by the Government of China 
to any country that is a member of the institution and receives 
financing from the institution, consistent with the rules and 
principles of the Paris Club.
    (b) Report Required.--The Chairman of the National Advisory Council 
on International Monetary and Financial Policies shall include in the 
annual report required by section 1701 of the International Financial 
Institutions Act (22 U.S.C. 262r)--
            (1) a description of progress made toward advancing the 
        policy described in subsection (a); and
            (2) a discussion of financing provided by entities owned or 
        controlled by the Government of China to countries described in 
        subsection (a), including any efforts or recommendations by the 
        Chairman to seek greater transparency with respect to such 
        financing.
    (c) Termination.--The requirements of subsections (a) and (b) shall 
terminate on the earlier of--
            (1) the date that is 7 years after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act; or
            (2) the date that is 30 days after the date on which the 
        Secretary submits to the Committee on Financial Services of the 
        House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign Relations 
        of the Senate a report stating that the Government of China is 
        in substantial compliance with the rules and principles of the 
        Paris Club.

SEC. 118. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) In General.--There are authorized to be appropriated such sums 
as may be necessary--
            (1) to carry out the activities required under this 
        subtitle; and
            (2) to co-finance infrastructure projects that could 
        otherwise be included in the Belt and Road Initiative of the 
        Government of China, if--
                    (A) the United States can leverage existing and 
                future projects that have entered into contracts with 
                the Belt and Road Initiative to further promote 
                transparency and debt sustainability; and
                    (B) the projects promote the public good.
    (b) Leveraging of Private Sector Financing.--The United States 
shall work with countries that are allies and partners of the United 
States to leverage financing from the private sector for projects 
described in subsection (a)(2).

                          Subtitle C--Digital

SEC. 121. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this subtitle, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Select 
        Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
        and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, and the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Permanent Select 
        Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on Financial Services, 
        the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 122. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY ISSUES.

    (a) Statement of Policy on Leadership in International Standards 
Setting.--It is the sense of Congress that the United States must 
reassert its leadership in the international standard-setting bodies 
that set the governance norms and rules for critical and digitally 
enabled technologies in order to ensure that these technologies operate 
within a free, secure, interoperable, and stable digital domain.
    (b) Negotiations for Digital Trade Agreement.--It is the sense of 
Congress that the United States Trade Representative should negotiate 
bilateral and multilateral agreements relating to digital goods with 
the European Union, Japan, Taiwan, and the member countries of the Five 
Eyes intelligence-sharing alliance.
    (c) Freedom of Information in the Digital Age.--It is the sense of 
Congress that the United States should lead a global effort to ensure 
that freedom of information, including the ability to safely consume or 
publish information without fear of undue reprisals, is maintained as 
the digital domain becomes an increasingly integral mechanism for 
communication.
    (d) Efforts To Ensure Technological Development Does Not Threaten 
Democratic Governance or Human Rights.--It is the sense of Congress 
that the United States should convene a global effort to develop and 
adopt a set of common principles and standards for critical 
technologies to ensure that the development of new technologies cannot 
be abused by malign actors, whether they are governments or other 
entities, and does not threaten democratic governance or human rights.
    (e) Formation of Technology Trade Alliance.--It is the sense of 
Congress that the United States should examine opportunities for 
diplomatic negotiations regarding the formation of mutually beneficial 
alliances relating to digitally enabled technologies and services.

SEC. 123. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COUNTERING THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA'S 
              EFFORTS TO EXPORT ITS SYSTEM OF DIGITAL AUTHORITARIANISM 
              AND OTHER FORMS OF MALIGN INFLUENCE.

    It is the sense of Congress that the United States, along with 
allies and partners, should lead an international effort that utilizes 
all of the economic and diplomatic tools at its disposal to combat the 
expanding use of information and communications technology products and 
services to surveil, repress, and manipulate populations (also known as 
``digital authoritarianism'').

SEC. 124. 5G POLICY COORDINATOR.

    (a) Establishment.--There is established within the Executive 
Office of the President the position of 5G Policy Coordinator.
    (b) Purpose.--The 5G Policy Coordinator shall oversee the 
coordination of United States Government efforts to ensure the 
development of a safe, secure, open, stable, and interoperable 5G 
environment globally.
    (c) Qualifications.--An individual appointed as 5G Policy 
Coordinator shall have demonstrated competency in the following fields:
            (1) Telecommunications and other relevant technological 
        fields.
            (2) Cybersecurity.
            (3) International diplomacy.
    (d) Duties.--The duties of the 5G Policy Coordinator shall include 
developing and leading, in coordination with the Secretary of State and 
the Secretary of Commerce, a strategy for engagement with like-minded 
allies and partners on--
            (1) securing a 5G environment that is free, stable, open, 
        secure, and interoperable;
            (2) opportunities for mutually beneficial engagement on 5G 
        issues;
            (3) efforts at countering the spread of the use of 
        information and communications technology products and services 
        to surveil, repress, and manipulate populations (also known as 
        ``digital authoritarianism''); and
            (4) promoting governance norms within international 
        standard-setting bodies that align with values of the United 
        States and like-minded allies and partners for a free and open 
        internet.
    (e) Placement and Reporting.--The 5G Policy Coordinator shall 
report directly to the National Security Advisor to the President of 
the United States.
    (f) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to affect the authority or jurisdiction of the Federal 
Communications Commission or confer upon the President, the 5G Policy 
Coordinator, or any other executive branch agency the power to direct 
the actions of the Commission, whether directly or indirectly.

SEC. 125. DIGITAL CONNECTIVITY AND CYBERSECURITY PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership.--Not later 
than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of State shall, in coordination with the Secretary of the 
Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary of Energy, 
submit to Congress a whole-of-government strategy (to be known as the 
``Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership'') and 
implementation plan to leverage United States expertise to help 
governments of foreign countries--
            (1) develop and secure digital infrastructure in those 
        countries;
            (2) protect technological assets, including data; and
            (3) advance cybersecurity and interoperability to protect 
        against cybercrime and cyberespionage.
    (b) Challenges.--The strategy required by subsection (a) shall 
address--
            (1) developing interoperable frameworks that allow for the 
        free flow of data and information, without unnecessarily 
        restrictive requirements for data localization and cross-border 
        data flow, and that respect individual liberties, privacy, and 
        human rights;
            (2) ensuring that the products and services necessary for 
        the functioning of the digital economy are not subject to the 
        control of an authoritarian government;
            (3) establishing standards to ensure equipment and software 
        companies have transparent corporate ownership and are financed 
        transparently for the purposes of procurement, investment, and 
        contracting;
            (4) improving cybersecurity capabilities to mitigate 
        vulnerabilities in a more complex and dynamic threat 
        environment; and
            (5) developing best practices for financing and deploying 
        telecommunications networks to ensure long-term solvency of 
        market players.
    (c) Consultation.--In developing the strategy required by 
subsection (a), the Secretary of State shall consult with--
            (1) leaders of the United States industry;
            (2) other relevant technology experts;
            (3) representatives from relevant United States Government 
        agencies; and
            (4) representatives from like-minded allies and partners.
    (d) Digital Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership Fund.--
            (1) Program for fund required.--The Secretary of State 
        shall carry out a program, to be known as the ``Digital 
        Connectivity and Cybersecurity Partnership Fund'', under which 
        the Secretary awards grants to entities to carry out digital 
        infrastructure projects in foreign countries designed to 
        achieve the goals described in subsection (a).
            (2) Selection of grantees.--The Secretary shall award 
        grants under the program required by this subsection to the 
        entities that submit proposals to the Secretary for digital 
        infrastructure projects that the Secretary determines--
                    (A) meet the requirements established pursuant to 
                paragraph (3)(D); and
                    (B) will have the greatest impact in meeting such 
                requirements for the least cost.
            (3) Program administration.--In carrying out the program 
        required by this subsection, the Secretary shall develop--
                    (A) the policy goals of projects for which grants 
                will be awarded under the program;
                    (B) procedures for selecting such projects and 
                distributing such grants;
                    (C) a method of maximizing the number of entities 
                competing for such grants; and
                    (D) requirements for proposals for such projects, 
                including--
                            (i) minimum technical and financial 
                        requirements; and
                            (ii) regulatory requirements.
    (e) Semiannual Briefing Requirement.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, 
the Secretary of State shall provide to the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives a briefing on the implementation of the 
strategy required by subsection (a).
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this section.

SEC. 126. MULTILATERAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECURITY FUND.

    (a) Establishment of Fund.--
            (1) In general.--There is established in the Treasury of 
        the United States a trust fund to be known as the 
        ``Multilateral Telecommunications Security Fund''.
            (2) Use of fund.--Amounts deposited in the Multilateral 
        Telecommunications Security Fund shall be available to the 
        Secretary of State to make expenditures under this subsection 
        in such amounts as the Secretary determines appropriate.
            (3) Availability.--
                    (A) In general.--Amounts deposited in the 
                Multilateral Telecommunications Security Fund--
                            (i) shall remain available through the end 
                        of the tenth fiscal year beginning after the 
                        date of the enactment of this Act; and
                            (ii) may only be allocated upon the 
                        Secretary of State reaching an agreement with 
                        foreign government partners to participate in 
                        the common funding mechanism described in 
                        subsection (b).
                    (B) Remainder to treasury.--Any amounts remaining 
                in the Multilateral Telecommunications Security Fund 
                after the end of the tenth fiscal year beginning after 
                the date of enactment of this Act shall be deposited in 
                the general fund of the Treasury.
    (b) Administration of Fund.--The Secretary of State, in 
consultation with the National Telecommunications and Information 
Administration Administrator, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the 
Secretary of the Treasury, and the Director of National Intelligence, 
shall establish a common funding mechanism, in coordination with 
foreign partners, that uses amounts from the Multilateral 
Telecommunications Security Fund to support the development and 
adoption of secure and trusted telecommunications technologies.
    (c) Annual Report to Congress.--Not later than one year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for each 
fiscal year during which amounts in the Multilateral Telecommunications 
Security Fund are available, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the status and 
progress of the funding mechanism established under subsection (b), 
including--
            (1) any funding commitments from foreign partners, 
        including each specific amount committed;
            (2) governing criteria for use of the Multilateral 
        Telecommunications Security Fund;
            (3) an account of--
                    (A) how funds have been deployed, including to whom 
                they have been provided;
                    (B) amounts remaining in the Multilateral 
                Telecommunications Security Fund; and
                    (C) the progress of the Secretary in meeting the 
                objective described in subsection (b); and
            (4) additional authorities needed to enhance the 
        effectiveness of the Multilateral Telecommunications Security 
        Fund in achieving the security goals of the United States.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $500,000,000 for the period of 
fiscal years 2021 through 2026.

SEC. 127. REPORT ON THREATS TO THE UNITED STATES SEMICONDUCTOR 
              INDUSTRY.

    Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
committees a report regarding--
            (1) the strengths and vulnerabilities of the semiconductor 
        industry in the United States; and
            (2) the threat that the proposed ``Made in China 2025'' 
        initiative of the Government of China poses to the global 
        market share of the United States with respect to the industry 
        described in paragraph (1).

  Subtitle D--Manufacturing, Research, and Development Competitiveness

SEC. 130. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
                Transportation, the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, 
                the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
                Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on 
                Energy and Natural Resources, and the Committee on 
                Appropriations of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the 
                Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, the 
                Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on Science, 
                Space, and Technology, the Committee on Foreign 
                Affairs, the Committee on Financial Services, and the 
                Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                Representatives.
            (2) Socially and economically disadvantaged individual.--
        The term ``socially and economically disadvantaged individual'' 
        means any socially and economically disadvantaged individual 
        described in the flush text following section 8(d)(3)(C) of the 
        Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 637(d)(3)(C)) and in any relevant 
        subcontracting regulation issued under such section 8(d).

      PART I--MANUFACTURING, RESEARCH, AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 131. MANUFACTURING USA PROGRAM.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Manufacturing USA Program is central to maintaining 
        the global leadership of the United States in critical 
        technologies.
            (2) When the Manufacturing USA Program was launched, it was 
        envisioned that the program would build a national network of 
        45 institutes.
            (3) As of the date of the enactment of this Act, 15 
        Manufacturing USA institutes have been established with support 
        of the Federal Government to advance new technologies and 
        processes to strengthen the manufacturing competitiveness of 
        the United States.
            (4) The success of the Manufacturing USA Program is 
        underscored by the Government of China copying the technology 
        foci of the first 14 Manufacturing USA institutes in the 
        creation of their own manufacturing innovation centers as part 
        of their Made in China 2025 effort to become a world leader in 
        advanced manufacturing and critical technology areas.
            (5) The Government of China is doubling down in its effort 
        to build a network of manufacturing innovation centers, with 
        plans to establish 40 such centers by 2025 to leapfrog the 
        efforts of the United States to maintain global leadership in 
        critical technologies.
            (6) The Manufacturing USA Program has broad bipartisan 
        support, having recently been reauthorized by section 1741 of 
        the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
        (Public Law 116-92) and expanded by such section to allow for 
        the renewal of existing Manufacturing USA institutes to 
        establish longer term Federal commitment based on the 
        performance of each Manufacturing USA institute.
            (7) Fulfilling the original goal of establishing 45 
        Manufacturing USA institutes by 2025 is critical to preventing 
        Chinese dominance in critical technologies and ensuring the 
        security and global leadership in advanced manufacturing of the 
        United States.
    (b) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Alliance manufacturing usa institute.--The term 
        ``alliance Manufacturing USA institute'' means a Manufacturing 
        USA institute described in paragraph (3) of section 34(d) of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            (2) Manufacturing usa institute.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA institute'' means an institute described in section 34(d) 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(d)).
            (3) Manufacturing usa network.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA Network'' means the network established under section 34(c) 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(c)).
            (4) Manufacturing usa program.--The term ``Manufacturing 
        USA Program'' means the program established under section 
        34(b)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 
        Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(b)(1)).
            (5) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an eligible institution described 
        in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
            (6) National program office.--The term ``National Program 
        Office'' means the National Program Office established under 
        section 34(h)(1) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(h)(1)).
            (7) Traditional manufacturing usa institute.--The term 
        ``traditional Manufacturing USA institute'' means a 
        Manufacturing USA institute that is not an alliance 
        Manufacturing USA institute.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations for Expansion of Manufacturing 
USA Program.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated 
        $2,400,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025 
        for the Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology to carry out the Manufacturing USA Program and to 
        expand such program to include at least 45 Manufacturing USA 
        institutes.
            (2) Traditional manufacturing usa institutes.--
                    (A) In general.--Of the amounts appropriated 
                pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in 
                paragraph (1), $1,500,000,000 shall be available for 
                the period described in such paragraph to support the 
                establishment of at least 3 traditional Manufacturing 
                USA institutes each year during that period.
                    (B) Financial assistance.--The Director shall 
                support the establishment of traditional Manufacturing 
                USA institutes under subparagraph (A) through the award 
                of financial assistance under section 34(e) of the 
                National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                U.S.C. 278s(e)).
            (3) Alliance manufacturing usa institutes.--Of the amounts 
        appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in 
        paragraph (1), $375,000,000 shall be available for the period 
        described in such paragraph to establish not fewer than 3 
        alliance Manufacturing USA institutes each year during that 
        covered period as designated by the Director of the National 
        Institute of Standards and Technology for a Federal commitment 
        of at least 5 years.
            (4) Commercialization, workforce training, and supply chain 
        investment.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
        authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $100,000,000 
        shall be available for the period described in such paragraph 
        to support such programming for commercialization, workforce 
        training, and supply chain activities across the Manufacturing 
        USA Network as the Director considers appropriate.
            (5) Ongoing support for existing manufacturing usa 
        institutes.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
        authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $375,000,000 
        shall be available for the period described in such paragraph 
        to support Manufacturing USA institutes that were in effect on 
        the day before the date of the enactment of this Act, and 
        $5,000,000 shall be available to each such Manufacturing USA 
        institute each year for such period for ongoing operation of 
        the institutes, including operational overhead, workforce 
        training, and supply chain activities.
            (6) Management of interagency solicitations and ongoing 
        management.--Of the amounts appropriated pursuant to the 
        authorization of appropriations in paragraph (1), $10,000,000 
        shall be available annually for the period described in such 
        paragraph for the National Program Office to coordinate the 
        activities of the Manufacturing USA Network and manage 
        interagency solicitations.
    (d) Coordination Between Manufacturing USA Program and Hollings 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership.--The Secretary of Commerce shall 
coordinate the activities of the Manufacturing USA Program and the 
activities of Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership with each 
other to the degree that doing so does not diminish the effectiveness 
of the ongoing activities of a Manufacturing USA institute or a Center 
(as the term is defined in section 25(a) of the National Institute of 
Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)), including 
Manufacturing USA institutes contracting with a Center (as so defined) 
to provide services relating to the mission of the Hollings 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership, including outreach, technical 
assistance, workforce development, and technology transfer and adoption 
assistance to small and medium-sized manufacturers.
    (e) Worker Advisory Council in Manufacturing USA Program.--
            (1) Establishment.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall, 
                in coordination with the Secretary of Labor, the 
                Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the 
                Secretary of Education, establish an advisory council 
                for the Manufacturing USA Program on the development 
                and dissemination of techniques, policies, and 
                investments for high-road labor practices, worker 
                adaptation and success with technological change, and 
                increased worker participation across the Manufacturing 
                USA Network.
                    (B) Membership.--The council established under 
                subparagraph (A) shall be composed of not fewer than 15 
                members appointed by the Secretary of Commerce, of 
                whom--
                            (i) five shall be from labor organizations;
                            (ii) five shall be from educational 
                        institutions; and
                            (iii) five shall be from workforce 
                        development and nonprofit organizations, 
                        including those that focus on workforce 
                        diversity and inclusion.
                    (C) Period of appointment; vacancies.--
                            (i) In general.--Each member of the council 
                        established under subparagraph (A) shall be 
                        appointed for a term of 3 years with the 
                        ability to renew the appointment for no more 
                        than 2 terms.
                            (ii) Vacancies.--Any member appointed to 
                        fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration 
                        of the term for which the member's predecessor 
                        was appointed shall be appointed only for the 
                        remainder of that term. A member may serve 
                        after the expiration of that term until a 
                        successor has been appointed.
                    (D) Meetings.--
                            (i) Initial meeting.--Not later than 180 
                        days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
                        the council established under subparagraph (A) 
                        shall hold the first meeting.
                            (ii) Additional meetings.--After the first 
                        meeting of the council, the council shall meet 
                        upon the call of the chairperson or of the 
                        Secretary, and at least once every 180 days 
                        thereafter.
                            (iii) Quorum.--A majority of the members of 
                        the council shall constitute a quorum, but a 
                        lesser number of members may hold hearings.
                    (E) Chairperson and vice chairperson.--The members 
                of the council established under subparagraph (A) shall 
                elect 1 member to serve as the chairperson and 1 member 
                to serve as the vice chairperson of the council.
            (2) Duties of the council.--The council established under 
        paragraph (1)(A) shall provide advice and recommendations to 
        the Secretary of Commerce on matters concerning investment in 
        and support of the manufacturing workforce relating to the 
        following:
                    (A) Worker participation, including through labor 
                organizations, in the planning and deployment of new 
                technologies across an industry and within workplaces.
                    (B) Policies to help workers adapt to technological 
                change, including training and education priorities for 
                the Federal Government and for employer investments in 
                workers.
                    (C) Assessments of impact on workers of development 
                of new technologies and processes by the Manufacturing 
                USA institutes.
                    (D) Management practices that prioritize job 
                quality, worker protection, worker participation and 
                power in decision making, and investment in worker 
                career success.
                    (E) Policies and procedures to prioritize diversity 
                and inclusion in the manufacturing and technology 
                workforce by expanding access to job, career 
                advancement, and management opportunities for 
                underserved and underrepresented populations.
                    (F) Such other matters as the Secretary considers 
                appropriate.
            (3) Report.--
                    (A) Appropriate committees of congress defined.--In 
                this paragraph, the term ``appropriate committees of 
                Congress'' means--
                            (i) the Committee on Health, Education, 
                        Labor, and Pensions, the Committee on Commerce, 
                        Science, and Transportation, the Committee on 
                        Energy and Natural Resources, the Committee on 
                        Armed Services, and the Committee on 
                        Appropriations of the Senate; and
                            (ii) the Committee on Education and Labor, 
                        the Committee on Science, Space, and 
                        Technology, the Committee on Energy and 
                        Commerce, the Committee on Armed Services, and 
                        the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
                        Representatives.
                    (B) Report required.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the date on which the council established under 
                paragraph (1)(A) holds its initial meeting under 
                paragraph (1)(D)(i) and annually thereafter, the 
                council shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
                Congress a report containing a detailed statement of 
                the advice and recommendations of the council pursuant 
                to paragraph (2).
            (4) Compensation.--
                    (A) Prohibition of compensation.--Members of the 
                Council may not receive additional pay, allowances, or 
                benefits by reason of their service on the Council.
                    (B) Travel expenses.--Each member shall receive 
                travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
                subsistence, in accordance with applicable provisions 
                under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United 
                States Code.
            (5) FACA applicability.--
                    (A) In general.--In discharging its duties under 
                this subsection, the council established under 
                paragraph (1)(A) shall function solely in an advisory 
                capacity, in accordance with the Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
                    (B) Exception.--Section 14 of the Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act shall not apply to the Council.
    (f) Participation of Minority-Serving Institutions.--The Secretary 
of Commerce shall coordinate with existing and new Manufacturing USA 
institutes to integrate minority-serving institutions as active members 
of the Manufacturing USA institutes, including through the development 
of preference criteria for proposals to create new Manufacturing USA 
institutes or renew existing Manufacturing USA institutes that include 
meaningful participation from minority-serving institutions.
    (g) Department of Commerce Policies To Promote Domestic Production 
of Technologies Developed Under Manufacturing USA Program.--
            (1) Definition of domestic.--In this subsection, the term 
        ``domestic'', with respect to development or production means 
        development or production by, or with respect to source means 
        the source is, a person incorporated or formed in the United 
        States--
                    (A) that is not under foreign ownership, control, 
                or influence (FOCI) as defined in section 847 of the 
                National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 
                (Public Law 116-92);
                    (B) whose beneficial owners, as defined in section 
                847 of the National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92), are United States 
                persons;
                    (C) whose management are United States citizens;
                    (D) whose principal place of business is in the 
                United States; and
                    (E) who is not--
                            (i) a foreign incorporated entity that is 
                        an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity; or
                            (ii) any joint venture if more than 10 
                        percent of the joint venture (by vote or value) 
                        is held by a foreign incorporated entity that 
                        is an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity.
            (2) Policies.--
                    (A) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall 
                establish policies to promote the domestic production 
                of technologies developed by the Manufacturing USA 
                Network.
                    (B) Elements.--The policies developed under 
                paragraph (2) shall include the following:
                            (i) Measures to partner domestic developers 
                        of goods, services, or technologies by 
                        Manufacturing USA Network activities with 
                        domestic manufacturers and sources of 
                        financing.
                            (ii) Measures to develop and provide 
                        incentives to promote transfer of intellectual 
                        property and goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities to domestic manufacturers.
                            (iii) Measures to assist with supplier 
                        scouting and other supply chain development, 
                        including the use of the Hollings Manufacturing 
                        Extension Partnership to carry out such 
                        measures.
                            (iv) A process to review and approve or 
                        deny any transfer of intellectual property and 
                        goods, services, or technologies developed by 
                        Manufacturing USA Network activities to outside 
                        of the United States, especially to countries 
                        of concern, including the People's Republic of 
                        China.
                            (v) Measures to prioritize Federal 
                        procurement of goods, services, or technologies 
                        developed by the Manufacturing USA Network 
                        activities from domestic sources, as 
                        appropriate.
                            (vi) Requirements that all contracts, 
                        transactions, and agreements entered into as 
                        part of participation in the Manufacturing USA 
                        Network shall include conditions where 
                        developers of technologies by activities 
                        conducted by the Manufacturing USA network who 
                        manufacture such technology outside the United 
                        States agree that they shall be required to 
                        refund to the United States an appropriate 
                        amount of funding, which shall include the 
                        amount the Federal Government has contributed 
                        and the present value of the future value lost 
                        by the United States as a result of such 
                        technology being manufactured outside the 
                        United States, under reasonable conditions and 
                        procedures determined by the Secretary in the 
                        interest of protecting taxpayers.
                    (C) Processes for waivers.--The policies 
                established under this paragraph shall include 
                processes to permit waivers, on a case by case basis, 
                for policies that promote domestic production based on 
                cost, availability, severity of technical and mission 
                requirements, emergency requirements, operational 
                needs, other legal or international treaty obligations, 
                or other factors deemed important to the success of the 
                Manufacturing USA Program.
            (3) Prohibition.--
                    (A) Definitions.--In this paragraph, the terms 
                ``beneficial owner'', ``company'', and ``foreign 
                ownership, control, or influence'' have the meanings 
                given such terms in section 847(a) of the National 
                Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public 
                Law 116-92).
                    (B) In general.--A company of the People's Republic 
                of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA 
                Program or the Manufacturing USA Network. Any company 
                that engages in joint research and development, 
                technology licensing or transfer, or investment 
                involving technologies that result from the activities 
                of the Manufacturing USA Program or the Manufacturing 
                USA Network with companies in the People's Republic of 
                China or otherwise under the foreign ownership, control 
                or influence of the Government of China or whose 
                beneficial owners are citizens of the People's Republic 
                of China may not participate in the Manufacturing USA 
                Program or the Manufacturing USA Network.

SEC. 132. INVESTING IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CRITICAL 
              TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Research and Development.--
            (1) Awards.--The Secretary of Energy shall, in consultation 
        with the Director of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology--
                    (A) make awards to conduct collaborative research 
                and development with industry, labor, academic, and 
                other partners, which may include collaboration with a 
                Federal agency or a Federal laboratory, in order to 
                strengthen the United States position in critical 
                technology areas, including artificial intelligence, 
                nanotechnology, biotechnology, photonics and optics, 
                flexible hybrid technologies, microelectronics, 
                superconductors, advanced battery technologies, 
                robotics, and advanced sensors;
                    (B) make awards to institutions of higher education 
                to support research, testing, demonstrations, and 
                increased United States engagement in standards 
                development activities; and
                    (C) make awards to institutions of higher 
                education, in collaboration with labor organizations 
                and other relevant education and training 
                organizations, to support research and assessments of 
                the impacts of critical technology development and 
                deployment on jobs and skills needs.
            (2) Interagency coordination.--The Secretary may coordinate 
        with the Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Labor, and 
        the heads of such other relevant agencies in the implementation 
        of paragraph (1)(C).
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), there 
                is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 
                Energy $100,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2021 
                through 2025 to carry out this subsection.
                    (B) Limitation.--Of the amounts appropriated 
                pursuant to the authorization of appropriations in 
                subparagraph (A), not more than $50,000,000 of such 
                amounts may be used to support laboratory research 
                programs of the Department of Energy aligned with the 
                critical technology areas referred to in paragraph 
                (1)(A).
    (b) Other Transaction Authorities for Director of the National 
Institute of Standards and Technology for Certain Programs.--Paragraph 
(4) of section 2(b) of the National Institute of Standards and 
Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 272(b)) is amended to read as follows:
            ``(4) to enter into and perform such contracts, including 
        cooperative research and development arrangements and grants 
        and cooperative agreements or other transactions, as may be 
        necessary in carrying out the Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
        Partnership under section 25 and the Manufacturing USA Program 
        under section 34 and on such terms as the Director may deem 
        appropriate, in furtherance of the purposes of such partnership 
        and such program;''.
    (c) Support for National Science Foundation University and Industry 
Research Programs.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        the National Science Foundation $150,000,000 for each of fiscal 
        years 2021 through 2025, of which--
                    (A) $50,000,000 shall be available each year for 
                the Industry-University Cooperative Research Centers 
                program of the Foundation; and
                    (B) $100,000,000 shall be available each year for 
                the Engineering Research Centers program of the 
                Foundation.
            (2) Manufacturing activities.--The Director of the National 
        Science Foundation may prioritize the use of amounts 
        appropriated pursuant to the authorization of appropriations 
        under paragraph (1) for awards to education, research, and 
        commercialization activities that support domestic 
        manufacturing in critical technology areas.
    (d) Innovation and Technology Transfer Programs.--
            (1) Innovation corps.--
                    (A) Authorization.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated for the Innovation Corps established under 
                section 601 of the American Innovation and 
                Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-8), $100,000,000 
                for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, of which at 
                least 25 percent each year shall be used for follow-on 
                grant awards under section 601(c)(3) of such Act.
                    (B) Additional coordination.--Section 601(c)(3) of 
                the American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 
                U.S.C. 1862s-8(c)(3)) is amended by adding at the end 
                the following:
                    ``(C) Coordination.--The Director of the National 
                Science Foundation shall coordinate with Federal 
                agencies that are required to establish SBIR and STTR 
                programs (as those terms are defined in section 9(e) of 
                the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 638(e)) to facilitate 
                further relevant Federal support for I-Corps 
                participants.''.
            (2) Translational research grants.--There are authorized to 
        be appropriated to the National Science Foundation $50,000,000 
        for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025 for the 
        translational research grants under section 602 of the American 
        Innovation and Competitiveness Act (42 U.S.C. 1862s-9).
    (e) Consortium for Advanced Manufacturing.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall establish, oversee, and support a consortium 
        on advanced manufacturing that operates as an independent 
        entity.
            (2) Elements.--The consortium established, overseen, and 
        supported under paragraph (1) shall be led by a nonprofit 
        organization or an institution of higher education.
            (3) Functions.--The functions of the consortium 
        established, overseen, and supported under paragraph (1) are 
        the following:
                    (A) To include all fields of advanced 
                manufacturing, including emerging areas and areas 
                overlapping with other disciplines.
                    (B) To serve as a catalyst and enabler for, and 
                give a voice to, the national advanced manufacturing 
                research community in shaping the future of advanced 
                manufacturing.
                    (C) To consider issues, challenges, and 
                opportunities facing United States advanced 
                manufacturing, and source perspectives on technology 
                priorities, including novel and unanticipated 
                perspectives, that can inform both the broad advanced 
                manufacturing community and Federal programs and 
                policies.
                    (D) To provide a resource for rapid response expert 
                advice to help inform cross-cutting Federal research 
                and development initiatives in advanced manufacturing, 
                responses might be provided within several days for 
                simple informational items or within several months for 
                more complex issues.
                    (E) To serve as an intermediary for the executive 
                and legislative branches of the Federal Government in 
                soliciting the input of the broader manufacturing 
                community.
                    (F) To consider innovation metrics in education and 
                research to inform initiatives that will improve the 
                national innovation ecosystem.
            (4) Requirements.--In carrying out paragraph (3), the 
        consortium established, overseen, and supported under paragraph 
        (1) shall--
                    (A) enable the advanced manufacturing community to 
                communicate to a broad audience the myriad ways in 
                which advances in manufacturing will create a brighter 
                future and encourage the alignment of advanced 
                manufacturing research with pressing national 
                priorities and national challenges;
                    (B) facilitate the generation of visions for 
                advanced manufacturing research and education and 
                communicate them to a wide range of stakeholders in the 
                United States;
                    (C) provide flexible mechanisms that allow single 
                or multiple Federal agencies to sponsor and participate 
                in studies of specific agency interest;
                    (D) respond to Federal agency requests and identify 
                key technology challenges facing the private sector;
                    (E) convene experts from United States industry, 
                academia, and labor to consider issues, challenges, and 
                opportunities in advanced manufacturing;
                    (F) form focus teams to deep dive into particular 
                technology areas;
                    (G) engage experts from the private sector, 
                including industry, academia, and labor, with the 
                support of and participation from Federal agency 
                leadership; and
                    (H) provide input to the Federal Government and 
                engage with advisory committees and groups consistent 
                with law and regulations, as appropriate for a body 
                that is not chartered under the Federal Advisory 
                Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.).
            (5) Independent operations.--The Director shall allow the 
        consortium established, overseen, and supported under paragraph 
        (1) to operate independently and shall not require any advance 
        review by the Foundation of any findings, recommendations, or 
        other work products of the consortium.
            (6) Nonapplicability of faca.--The Federal Advisory 
        Committee Act (5 U.S.C. App.) shall not apply to the consortium 
        established, overseen, and supported under paragraph (1).
            (7) Reports.--The consortium shall issue at least four 
        reports each year.
            (8) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection, $10,000,000 
        for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.

SEC. 133. FUNDING FOR QUANTUM COMPUTING AND CONSORTIAL QUANTUM RESEARCH 
              AND DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) United States leadership in quantum computing is vital 
        for science, society, the economy, and national security.
            (2) It is in the national interest for the Federal 
        Government to foster continued growth of the United States 
        quantum computing innovation ecosystem.
            (3) Federal Government investment in the efforts of 
        institutions of higher education and industry to research, 
        develop, demonstrate, and produce critical technologies and to 
        establish successful domestic companies is essential to 
        national and economic security and to the global leadership of 
        the United States.
    (b) Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology.--
            (1) Establishment.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy, acting 
        through the Director of the Office of Science of the Department 
        of Energy and in consultation with appropriate officials from 
        other government organizations, shall establish a competitive, 
        merit-based program to provide researchers access to quantum 
        computing resources via the cloud so as--
                    (A) to enhance the United States quantum research 
                enterprise;
                    (B) to stimulate the United States quantum 
                computing industry;
                    (C) to educate the future quantum computing 
                workforce;
                    (D) to accelerate advancement of quantum computer 
                capabilities; and
                    (E) to develop requirements, applications, and 
                algorithms to determine and exploit the utility of 
                noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers (NISQ) and 
                state of the art quantum computers.
            (2) Designation.--The program established under paragraph 
        (1) shall be referred to as the ``Quantum User Expansion for 
        Science and Technology'' (in this subsection referred to as the 
        ``Program'').
            (3) Administration of program.--
                    (A) Consultation.--The Secretary shall administer 
                the Program in consultation with private sector 
                stakeholders, the user community, and interagency 
                partners, including the National Science Foundation, 
                the National Institute of Standards and Technology and 
                the Department of Defense.
                    (B) Activities.--The Program shall include and 
                focus on soliciting, considering, selecting, and 
                funding applications primarily from United States-based 
                researchers for access to and use of cloud-based 
                quantum computing resources.
                    (C) Applications.--Applications for funding under 
                subparagraph (B) shall be assessed on the basis of the 
                following:
                            (i) Scientific merit.
                            (ii) Societal, economic, or security 
                        impact.
                            (iii) The need to access quantum computing 
                        resources.
            (4) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a 
        report on the status of the Program.
            (5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out the Program $100,000,000 in 
        fiscal year 2021.
    (c) Quantum Economic Development Consortium.--
            (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology $100,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2021 
        through 2025 for--
                    (A) the Quantum Economic Development Consortium 
                established under section 201 of the National Quantum 
                Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831); and
                    (B) awards based on recommendations of the Quantum 
                Economic Development Consortium that enable and grow a 
                robust United States quantum industry and supply chain 
                to maintain United States leadership in the field of 
                quantum computing.
            (2) Waiver.--Section 201(c) of the National Quantum 
        Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 8831(c)) shall not apply to use of 
        amounts appropriated pursuant to subparagraph (A).
    (d) Department of Defense Investment in Quantum Computing.--
            (1) High-risk, high-payoff approach.--The Secretary of 
        Defense shall--
                    (A) award at least 2 grants to industry-led teams, 
                which may include academic and other research entities, 
                with the goal of building fully error-corrected, fault-
                tolerant quantum computers before the date that is 5 
                years after the date of the enactment of this Act;
                    (B) establish cost-sharing criteria for each such 
                award; and
                    (C) develop milestones and exit criteria for each 
                such award to measure progress, including by requiring 
                applicants to propose tangible milestones to achieving 
                the goal of building fully error-corrected, fault-
                tolerant quantum computers as close to the 5-year goal 
                timeframe as possible.
            (2) Sustaining the quantum computing industry.--To make 
        steady progress in the field of quantum computing, the 
        Secretary of Defense shall provide stable funding on a 
        competitive basis during the 10-year period beginning on the 
        date of the enactment of this Act--
                    (A) for the development of requirements, 
                applications, and algorithms to determine and exploit 
                the utility of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) 
                computers that are available as of the day before the 
                date of the enactment of this Act; and
                    (B) for access to intermediate-scale quantum 
                computers for government, academic, and commercial 
                researchers and developers.
            (3) Annual report.--Not later than 2 years after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act and not less frequently than once 
        each year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the 
        President and Congress a report on the progress of the 
        activities required under this section and alterations of 
        previous plans for the future.
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $1,500,000,000 
        for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2031.

SEC. 134. NATIONAL ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 
              INITIATIVE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) there is a need for a National Artificial Research and 
        Development Intelligence Initiative, including a comprehensive 
        strategy for and coordination across agencies on research and 
        development on artificial intelligence;
            (2) there are currently several interagency committees 
        working on related tasks with respect to artificial 
        intelligence;
            (3) the reporting structure of such committees could be 
        simplified to address efficiently the goals of the Initiative; 
        and
            (4) it is useful to accelerate in the United States, 
        research on artificial intelligence that increases innovation 
        while also promoting privacy and accountability.
    (b) Definitions.--
            (1) Artificial intelligence.--The term ``artificial 
        intelligence'' includes the following:
                    (A) An artificial system that performs tasks under 
                varying and unpredictable circumstances without 
                significant human oversight, or that can learn from 
                experience and improve performance when exposed to data 
                sets.
                    (B) An artificial system developed in computer 
                software, physical hardware, or other context that 
                solves tasks requiring human-like perception, 
                cognition, planning, learning, communication, or 
                physical action.
                    (C) An artificial system designed to think or act 
                like a human, including cognitive architectures and 
                neural networks.
                    (D) A set of techniques, including machine 
                learning, that is designed to approximate a cognitive 
                task.
                    (E) An artificial system designed to act 
                rationally, including an intelligent software agent or 
                embodied robot that achieves goals using perception, 
                planning, reasoning, learning, communicating, decision 
                making, and acting.
            (2) Artificial intelligence industry.--The term 
        ``artificial intelligence industry'' means entities in 
        industries relevant to artificial intelligence.
            (3) Emerging research institution.--The term ``emerging 
        research institution'' means an institution of higher education 
        that--
                    (A) receives less than $20,000,000 in Federal 
                research funding annually; and
                    (B) may grant a doctoral degree.
            (4) Initiative.--The term ``Initiative'' means the National 
        Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Initiative 
        established pursuant to subsection (c).
            (5) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given that 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (6) K-12 education.--The term ``K-12 education'' means 
        elementary school and secondary education, as such terms are 
        defined in section 8101 of the Elementary and Secondary 
        Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7801).
            (7) Machine learning.--The term ``machine learning'' means 
        a subfield of artificial intelligence that is characterized by 
        giving computers the autonomous ability to progressively 
        optimize performance of a specific task based on data without 
        being explicitly programmed.
            (8) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means any of the following:
                    (A) A Hispanic-serving institution (as defined in 
                section 502(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1101a(a))).
                    (B) A Tribal College or University (as defined in 
                section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1059c(b))).
                    (C) An Alaska Native-serving institution (as 
                defined in section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act 
                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b))).
                    (D) A Native Hawaiian-serving institution (as 
                defined in section 317(b) of the Higher Education Act 
                of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059d(b))).
                    (E) A Predominantly Black Institution (as defined 
                in section 318(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
                (20 U.S.C. 1059e(b))).
                    (F) A Native American-serving nontribal institution 
                (as defined in section 319(b) of the Higher Education 
                Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059f(b))).
                    (G) An Asian American and Native American Pacific 
                Islander-serving institution (as defined in section 
                320(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
                1059g(b))).
    (c) National Artificial Intelligence Research and Development 
Initiative.--The President shall establish and implement an initiative 
with respect to artificial intelligence to be known as the ``National 
Artificial Intelligence Research and Development Initiative''. In 
carrying out the Initiative, the President shall, acting through 
appropriate Federal entities, including the Networking and Information 
Technology Research and Development Program--
            (1) establish objectives, priorities, and metrics for 
        strategic plans under subsection (e)(4) to accelerate 
        development of science and technology applications for 
        artificial intelligence in the United States;
            (2) invest in research, development, demonstration, 
        application to analysis and modeling, and other activities with 
        respect to science and technology in artificial intelligence;
            (3) support the development of a workforce pipeline for 
        science and technology with respect to artificial intelligence 
        by making strategic investments to--
                    (A) expand the number of researchers, educators, 
                and students with training in science and technology in 
                artificial intelligence;
                    (B) increase the number of skilled and trained 
                workers from underrepresented communities who can 
                contribute to the development of artificial 
                intelligence and artificial intelligence technology, 
                diversify the artificial intelligence workforce, and 
                expand the artificial intelligence workforce pipeline;
                    (C) promote the development and inclusion of 
                multidisciplinary curricula and research opportunities 
                for science and engineering with respect to artificial 
                intelligence, including advanced technological 
                education, during the primary, secondary, 
                undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral, adult learning, 
                and career retraining stages of education; and
                    (D) equip workers with the knowledge and skill sets 
                required to operate effectively in occupations and 
                workplaces that will be increasingly influenced by 
                artificial intelligence;
            (4) facilitate coordination of efforts and collaboration 
        with respect to research and development of artificial 
        intelligence among government agencies, Federal and national 
        laboratories, nonprofit organizations, institutions of higher 
        education, and industry;
            (5) leverage existing Federal research investments, and 
        partner with industry and institutions of higher education to 
        leverage knowledge and resources, to advance objectives and 
        priorities of the Initiative;
            (6) strengthen research, development, demonstration, and 
        applications in science and technology with respect to 
        artificial intelligence by--
                    (A) addressing gaps in basic research knowledge 
                with respect to artificial intelligence through 
                research;
                    (B) promoting the further development of facilities 
                and centers available for research, testing, and 
                education in science and technology with respect to 
                artificial intelligence;
                    (C) stimulating research on, and promoting more 
                rapid development and commercialization of, artificial 
                intelligence-based technologies;
                    (D) promoting research into the effects of 
                artificial intelligence and applications of artificial 
                intelligence on society, the workforce and workplace, 
                and individuals, including those from underrepresented 
                communities;
                    (E) promoting data and model sharing among the 
                Federal government, academic researchers, the private 
                sector, and other practitioners of artificial 
                intelligence;
                    (F) identifying and minimizing inappropriate bias 
                in data sets, algorithms, and other aspects of 
                artificial intelligence; and
                    (G) supporting efforts to create metrics to assess 
                safety, security, and reliability of applications of 
                science and technology with respect to artificial 
                intelligence; and
            (7) ensure that research, development, demonstration, and 
        applications efforts with respect to artificial intelligence 
        create measurable benefits for all individuals in the United 
        States, including members of disadvantaged and underrepresented 
        groups.
    (d) National Artificial Intelligence Coordination Office.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall, in consultation with the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, and 
        the Secretary of Commerce, the Attorney General, the Federal 
        Trade Commission, and the Director of the Bureau of Consumer 
        Financial Protection, establish or designate, and appoint a 
        director of, an office to be known as the ``National Artificial 
        Intelligence Coordination Office'' (in this subsection referred 
        to as the ``Office'').
            (2) Duties.--The Office shall--
                    (A) serve as the point of contact on Federal 
                artificial intelligence activities for government 
                organizations, academia, industry, professional 
                societies, State artificial intelligence programs, 
                interested citizen groups, and others to exchange 
                technical and programmatic information;
                    (B) conduct public outreach, including 
                dissemination of findings and recommendations of the 
                National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee 
                established under subsection (f), as appropriate; and
                    (C) promote access to and development of early 
                applications of the technologies, innovations, and 
                expertise that benefit the public derived from 
                Initiative activities to agency missions and systems 
                across the Federal Government, and to United States 
                industry, including startup companies.
            (3) Funding.--The funding of the Office shall be derived 
        from amounts available to the Office of Science and Technology 
        Policy, the National Science Foundation, the Department of 
        Energy, the Department of Commerce, and such other departments 
        or agencies of the Federal Government as the President 
        considers appropriate.
            (4) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Director of the Office of Science 
        and Technology Policy shall submit to the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the 
        Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of 
        Representatives a report on funding for the Office. The report 
        shall include--
                    (A) the amount of funding required to adequately 
                fund the Office;
                    (B) the adequacy of existing mechanisms to fund the 
                Office; and
                    (C) the actions taken to ensure stable funding for 
                the Office.
    (e) Interagency Committee on Artificial Intelligence.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Office of Science and 
        Technology Policy shall establish or designate an interagency 
        committee to be known as the ``Interagency Committee on 
        Artificial Intelligence'' (in this subsection referred to as 
        the ``Interagency Committee'').
            (2) Membership.--
                    (A) Composition.--The Interagency Committee shall 
                be composed of representatives from the following, as 
                detailed to the Interagency Committee by the head of 
                the agency concerned:
                            (i) The National Institute of Standards and 
                        Technology.
                            (ii) The National Science Foundation.
                            (iii) The Department of Energy.
                            (iv) The Department of Justice.
                            (v) The Federal Trade Commission.
                            (vi) The Bureau of Consumer Financial 
                        Protection.
                            (vii) The National Aeronautics and Space 
                        Administration.
                            (viii) The Department of Defense.
                            (ix) The Office of the Director of National 
                        Intelligence.
                            (x) The Office of Management and Budget.
                            (xi) The Office of Science and Technology 
                        Policy.
                            (xii) The National Institutes of Health.
                            (xiii) Any other Federal agency the 
                        Director of the Office of Science and 
                        Technology Policy considers appropriate.
                    (B) Co-chairs.--The Interagency Committee shall be 
                co-chaired by the following:
                            (i) The Director of the Office of Science 
                        and Technology Policy.
                            (ii) The Secretary of Energy.
                            (iii) The Director of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology.
                            (iv) The Director of the National Science 
                        Foundation.
            (3) Duties.--The Interagency Committee shall--
                    (A) coordinate and make recommendations for 
                activities and programs of Federal agencies on research 
                and education with respect to artificial intelligence 
                and artificial intelligence technology;
                    (B) establish objectives and priorities for the 
                Initiative, consistent with the objectives and purposes 
                specified in subsection (c), based on identified 
                knowledge and workforce gaps and other national needs;
                    (C) assess and recommend Federal infrastructure 
                needs to support the Initiative; and
                    (D) evaluate opportunities for international 
                cooperation with strategic allies on research and 
                development with respect to artificial intelligence and 
                artificial intelligence technology.
            (4) Strategic plans.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the Interagency 
                Committee shall develop a 5-year strategic plan, and 
                not later than 6 years after the date of the enactment 
                of this Act, the Interagency Committee shall develop an 
                additional 5-year strategic plan, with respect to the 
                activities of the Initiative, including activities and 
                mechanisms to meet Initiative goals and priorities, and 
                to anticipate outcomes at participating agencies.
                    (B) Updates.--The Interagency Committee may from 
                time to time update any strategic plan under 
                subparagraph (A), as the Interagency Committee 
                considers appropriate.
                    (C) Considerations.--In carrying out this 
                paragraph, the Interagency Committee shall take into 
                account reports and recommendations of the National 
                Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee under 
                subsection (f).
    (f) National Artificial Intelligence Advisory Committee.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall, in coordination with the Attorney General, 
        the Federal Trade Commission, and the Director of the Bureau of 
        Consumer Financial Protection, establish or designate an 
        advisory committee to be known as the ``National Artificial 
        Intelligence Advisory Committee'' (in this subsection referred 
        to as the ``Advisory Committee'').
            (2) Membership.--
                    (A) In general.--Members of the Advisory Committees 
                shall be appointed by the Director of the National 
                Science Foundation, in consultation with the Director 
                of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and 
                after public input, from among individuals who are 
                qualified to provide advice and information on 
                research, development, demonstrations, education, 
                infrastructure, technology transfer, commercial 
                applications, and concerns of a national security, 
                social, or economic nature with respect to artificial 
                intelligence and artificial intelligence technology. In 
                making such appointments, the Director of the National 
                Science Foundation shall seek to appoint individuals 
                who, collectively, have expertise on a wide range of 
                defense and non-defense artificial intelligence 
                matters.
                    (B) Limitation.--Not more than half of the members 
                of the Advisory Committee may be representatives of the 
                artificial intelligence industry.
            (3) Duties.--The Advisory Committee shall advise the 
        Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy and the 
        Interagency Committee on Artificial Intelligence under 
        subsection (e) on matters relating to the Initiative. Such 
        advice shall be based on periodic assessments by the Advisory 
        Committee of the following:
                    (A) Trends and developments in artificial 
                intelligence, including current and near-future states 
                of artificial intelligence systems and forecasting.
                    (B) Progress made in implementing the Initiative.
                    (C) The need to revise the Initiative.
                    (D) Balance among the components of the Initiative, 
                including funding levels for component areas of the 
                Initiative.
                    (E) Whether the component areas, priorities, and 
                technical goals of the Initiative are helping the 
                United States maintain leadership in artificial 
                intelligence and artificial intelligence technology 
                that also maintains privacy and accountability.
                    (F) Management, coordination, implementation, and 
                activities of the Initiative.
                    (G) Whether societal, ethical, legal, 
                environmental, and workforce concerns with respect to 
                artificial intelligence and artificial intelligence 
                technology are adequately addressed by the Initiative.
            (4) Reports.--Not later than 4 years after the date of the 
        most recent assessment under paragraph (3), and quadrennially 
        thereafter, the Advisory Committee shall submit to the Director 
        of the National Science Foundation, the Committee on Commerce, 
        Science, and Transportation of the Senate, and the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives 
        a report on the following:
                    (A) The most recent assessment of the Advisory 
                Committee under paragraph (3).
                    (B) Any current recommendations of the Advisory 
                Committee regarding improvements to the Initiative.
            (5) Travel expenses of non-federal members.--Any member of 
        the Advisory Committee who is not an officer or employee of the 
        Federal Government, while attending meetings of the Advisory 
        Committee or while otherwise serving at the request of the head 
        of the Advisory Committee away from their homes or regular 
        places of business, may be allowed travel expenses, including 
        per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 
        of title 5, United States Code, for individuals in the 
        government serving without pay. Nothing in this paragraph shall 
        be construed to prohibit members of the Advisory Committee who 
        are officers or employees of the United States from being 
        allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of 
        subsistence, in accordance with existing law.
            (6) Termination.--The Advisory Committee shall terminate on 
        December 31, 2025.
    (g) Study on Artificial Intelligence Workforce.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the National Artificial Intelligence 
        Coordination Office under subsection (d) shall seek to enter 
        into a contract with a federally funded research and 
        development center or nongovernment research organization for a 
        study on the mechanisms that produce or contribute to the 
        workforce in artificial intelligence (including researchers and 
        specialists in artificial intelligence and users of artificial 
        intelligence) in order to identify and develop actions to 
        ensure an appropriate increase in the size, quality, and 
        diversity of the workforce.
            (2) Collaboration in study.--The contract referred to in 
        paragraph (1) shall require the federally funded research and 
        development center entering into the contract to do the 
        following:
                    (A) Collaborate with the Secretary of Commerce, the 
                Commissioner of Labor Statistics, and the Director of 
                the Census in developing a comprehensive and detailed 
                understanding of the workforce needs of and employment 
                opportunities in the artificial intelligence field, by 
                State and by region.
                    (B) Collaborate in carrying out the study with 
                educational institutions, State and local workforce 
                development boards, nonprofit organizations, labor 
                organizations, apprenticeship programs, industry, and 
                other entities in the artificial intelligence field.
                    (C) Collaborate with minority-serving institutions 
                in order to facilitate the sharing of best practices 
                and approaches for increasing and retaining 
                underrepresented populations in the artificial 
                intelligence field.
                    (D) Facilitate the sharing of best practices and 
                approaches for the development and sustainment of the 
                workforce in artificial intelligence that are 
                identified or developed through the study among--
                            (i) entities in the artificial intelligence 
                        field, State and local workforce development 
                        boards, nonprofit organizations, labor 
                        organizations, and apprenticeship programs that 
                        provide training programs for employment in the 
                        artificial intelligence field; and
                            (ii) educational institutions that seek to 
                        establish such training programs.
            (3) Department of labor annual report on job creation.--
        Each year while the contract referred to in paragraph (1) is in 
        force, the Secretary of Labor shall, using information derived 
        from the study described in that paragraph and other 
        appropriate information, issue to the public a report on job 
        creation in the artificial intelligence field during the 
        preceding year.
    (h) National Institute of Standards and Technology Activities on 
Artificial Intelligence.--
            (1) In general.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall--
                    (A) support the development of measurements and 
                standards necessary to advance commercial and 
                governmental development of artificial intelligence 
                applications, including by--
                            (i) developing measurements and standards;
                            (ii) supporting efforts to develop 
                        measurements and consensus standards by 
                        standards development organizations; and
                            (iii) modernizing the mechanisms used for 
                        benchmarking artificial intelligence 
                        technologies;
                    (B) establish and support collaborative ventures or 
                consortia with public or private sector entities, 
                including institutions of higher education, National 
                Laboratories, and the artificial intelligence industry, 
                for the purpose of advancing fundamental and applied 
                research and development on artificial intelligence; 
                and
                    (C) modernize the mechanisms used for benchmarking 
                artificial intelligence technologies.
            (2) Artificial intelligence outreach.--
                    (A) In general.--The Director shall conduct 
                outreach--
                            (i) to receive input from stakeholders on 
                        the development of a plan to address future 
                        measurements and standards related to 
                        artificial intelligence; and
                            (ii) to provide an opportunity for public 
                        comment on any such measurements or standards.
                    (B) Meetings.--
                            (i) In general.--Not later than 1 year 
                        after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                        and a periodic basis thereafter as the Director 
                        considers appropriate, the Director shall 
                        convene 1 or more meetings of stakeholders, 
                        including technical expert representatives from 
                        government organizations, the artificial 
                        intelligence industry, and institutions of 
                        higher education, to discuss topics described 
                        in clause (ii).
                            (ii) Topics.--Meetings under clause (i) may 
                        cover topics that the Director considers 
                        important to the development of standards and 
                        measurements with respect to artificial 
                        intelligence, including--
                                    (I) cybersecurity;
                                    (II) algorithm accountability;
                                    (III) algorithm explainability;
                                    (IV) algorithm trustworthiness;
                                    (V) a common lexicon for artificial 
                                intelligence; and
                                    (VI) resources and methods for 
                                benchmarking artificial intelligence 
                                technologies.
                            (iii) Purposes.--The purposes of meetings 
                        under this subparagraph shall be--
                                    (I) to assess contemporary research 
                                on the topics identified by the 
                                Director for purposes of clause (ii);
                                    (II) to evaluate research gaps 
                                relating to such topics;
                                    (III) to provide an opportunity for 
                                stakeholders to provide recommendations 
                                on the research to be addressed by the 
                                National Institute of Standards and 
                                Technology and the Initiative; and
                                    (IV) to coordinate engagement with 
                                international standards bodies in order 
                                to ensure United States leadership in 
                                the development of global technical 
                                standards, including with respect to 
                                artificial intelligence and 
                                cybersecurity.
            (3) Report to congress.--Not later than 2 years after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
        the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of 
        the House of Representatives a report summarizing the results 
        of outreach and meetings conducted under this subsection.
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026, 
        $80,000,000 to carry out this subsection.
    (i) Research and Education Program on Artificial Intelligence and 
Artificial Intelligence Engineering.--
            (1) In general.--As part of the Initiative, the Director of 
        the National Science Foundation shall establish and implement a 
        research and education program on artificial intelligence and 
        artificial intelligence engineering.
            (2) Program elements.--In carrying out the program required 
        by paragraph (1), the Director shall--
                    (A) continue to support interdisciplinary research 
                on, and human resources development in, all aspects of 
                science and engineering with respect to artificial 
                intelligence, including--
                            (i) algorithm accountability;
                            (ii) minimization of inappropriate bias in 
                        training data sets or algorithmic feature 
                        selection;
                            (iii) qualitative and quantitative 
                        forecasting of future capabilities and 
                        applications; and
                            (iv) societal and ethical implications of 
                        artificial intelligence;
                    (B) use existing authorities and programs and 
                collaborate with other Federal agencies--
                            (i) to improve teaching and learning in 
                        science and engineering with respect to 
                        artificial intelligence during the primary, 
                        secondary, undergraduate, graduate, 
                        postgraduate, adult learning, and career 
                        retraining stages of education;
                            (ii) to increase participation in 
                        artificial intelligence fields, including by 
                        individuals identified in sections 33 and 34 of 
                        the Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities 
                        Act (42 U.S.C. 1885a, 1885b);
                            (iii) to formulate goals for education 
                        activities in engineering and research with 
                        respect to artificial intelligence to be 
                        supported by the National Science Foundation 
                        related to topics important to the Initiative, 
                        including--
                                    (I) algorithm accountability;
                                    (II) algorithm explainability;
                                    (III) algorithm trustworthiness;
                                    (IV) algorithmic forecasting;
                                    (V) consumer data privacy;
                                    (VI) assessment and minimization of 
                                inappropriate bias in training data and 
                                output; and
                                    (VII) societal and ethical 
                                implications of the use of artificial 
                                intelligence;
                            (iv) to engage with institutions of higher 
                        education, research communities, potential 
                        users of information produced under this 
                        subsection, entities in the private sector, and 
                        non-Federal entities--
                                    (I) to leverage the collective body 
                                of knowledge from existing research and 
                                education activities with respect to 
                                artificial intelligence and artificial 
                                intelligence engineering; and
                                    (II) to support partnerships among 
                                institutions of higher education and 
                                industry that facilitate collaborative 
                                research, personnel exchanges, and 
                                workforce development with respect to 
                                artificial intelligence and artificial 
                                intelligence engineering;
                            (v) to coordinate research efforts with 
                        respect to artificial intelligence and 
                        artificial intelligence engineering funded 
                        through existing programs across the 
                        directorates of the National Science 
                        Foundation;
                            (vi) to ensure adequate access to research 
                        and education infrastructure with respect to 
                        artificial intelligence and artificial 
                        intelligence engineering, including through 
                        development of hardware and facilitation of the 
                        use of computing resources, including cloud-
                        based computing services; and
                            (vii) to increase participation rates in 
                        research and education on artificial 
                        intelligence among underrepresented communities 
                        by engaging with minority-serving institutions.
            (3) Graduate traineeships.--In carrying out the program 
        required by paragraph (1), the Director may provide 
        traineeships to graduate students at institutions of higher 
        education who--
                    (A) are United States nationals or aliens lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence in the United States; 
                and
                    (B) choose to pursue masters or doctoral degrees in 
                artificial intelligence or artificial intelligence 
                engineering.
    (j) Multidisciplinary Centers for Artificial Intelligence Research 
and Education.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation, in consultation with the heads of other appropriate 
        Federal agencies, shall award grants to eligible entities to 
        establish up to 10 research and education centers (each 
        referred to in this subsection as a ``Center'') to conduct 
        research and education activities in support of the Initiative. 
        Each Center established pursuant to such a grant shall be known 
        as a ``Multidisciplinary Center for Artificial Intelligence 
        Research and Education''.
            (2) Eligible entities.--For purposes of this subsection, an 
        eligible entity is any entity as follows:
                    (A) An institution of higher education.
                    (B) A relevant nonprofit organization.
                    (C) A consortium of entities that consists of--
                            (i) two or more entities specified in 
                        subparagraphs (A) through (C); or
                            (ii) at least one entity specified in such 
                        paragraphs and a relevant private sector 
                        organization that is not a nonprofit 
                        organization.
            (3) Minimum number of grants for certain purposes.--
                    (A) K-12 education.--Not less than 1 grant under 
                this subsection shall be for a Center with the primary 
                purpose of conducting research on how best to integrate 
                artificial intelligence into K-12 education.
                    (B) Minority-serving institution.--Not less than 1 
                grant under this subsection shall be for a Center 
                located at a minority-serving institution.
            (4) Application.--An eligible entity seeking a grant under 
        this subsection shall submit an application to the Director at 
        such time, in such manner, and containing such information as 
        the Director may require. The application shall include--
                    (A) a plan for the proposed Center--
                            (i) to work with other research 
                        institutions, emerging research institutions, 
                        and the artificial intelligence industry to 
                        leverage expertise in artificial intelligence, 
                        education and curricula development, and 
                        technology transfer;
                            (ii) to promote active collaboration among 
                        researchers in multiple disciplines and across 
                        multiple institutions involved in artificial 
                        intelligence research including physics, 
                        engineering, mathematical sciences, computer 
                        and information science, biological and 
                        cognitive sciences, material science, 
                        education, and social and behavioral sciences 
                        (such as industrial-organizational psychology);
                            (iii) to integrate into the activities of 
                        such Center consideration of the ethics of 
                        development, technology usage, and data 
                        collection, storage, and sharing (including 
                        training data sets) in connection with 
                        artificial intelligence;
                            (iv) to support long-term and short-term 
                        workforce development in artificial 
                        intelligence, including broadening 
                        participation of underrepresented communities; 
                        and
                            (v) to support an innovation ecosystem to 
                        work with industry to translate research of 
                        such Center into applications and products; and
                    (B) a description of the anticipated long-term 
                impact of such Center beyond the termination of support 
                under this subsection.
            (5) Selection and duration.--
                    (A) In general.--A Center established using a grant 
                under this subsection may receive funding under this 
                subsection for a period of 5 years.
                    (B) Extension.--Such a Center may apply for, and 
                the Director may grant, an extension of a grant under 
                this subsection for an additional 5-year period.
                    (C) Termination.--The Director may terminate for 
                cause funding under this subsection for a Center that 
                underperforms.
            (6) Funding.--The amount provided during each of fiscal 
        years 2022 through 2026 for a Center established pursuant to 
        this subsection through a grant under this subsection shall be 
        $40,000,000.
    (k) Research and Development Program on Artificial Intelligence.--
            (1) Program required.--As a part of the Initiative, the 
        Secretary of Energy shall carry out a research and development 
        program on artificial intelligence.
            (2) Components.--In carrying out the program required by 
        paragraph (1), the Secretary shall--
                    (A) formulate objectives for research on artificial 
                intelligence to be supported by the Department of 
                Energy that are consistent with the Initiative;
                    (B) leverage the collective body of knowledge from 
                existing research on artificial intelligence;
                    (C) coordinate research efforts on artificial 
                intelligence that are funded through existing programs 
                across the Department;
                    (D) engage with other Federal agencies, research 
                communities, and potential users of information 
                produced under this subsection;
                    (E) build, maintain, and, to the extent 
                practicable, make available for use by academic, 
                government, and private sector researchers the 
                computing hardware and software necessary to carry out 
                the program; and
                    (F) establish and maintain on an internet website 
                of the Department available to the public a resource 
                center that--
                            (i) provides current information and 
                        resources on training programs for employment 
                        in artificial intelligence; and
                            (ii) otherwise serves as a resource for 
                        educational institutions, State and local 
                        workforce development boards, nonprofit 
                        organizations, and apprenticeship programs 
                        seeking to develop and implement training 
                        programs for employment in artificial 
                        intelligence.
            (3) Research centers.--
                    (A) Grants.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
                Secretary may award grants to eligible entities to 
                establish and operate up to 10 artificial intelligence 
                research centers (each referred to in this paragraph as 
                a ``Center'') for the purposes described in 
                subparagraph (C).
                    (B) Selection.--
                            (i) Eligible entities.--For purposes of 
                        this paragraph, an eligible entity is any 
                        entity as follows:
                                    (I) An institution of higher 
                                education.
                                    (II) A relevant nonprofit 
                                organization.
                                    (III) A State or local government.
                                    (IV) A National Laboratory or a 
                                federally funded research and 
                                development center.
                                    (V) A consortium of entities that 
                                consists of--
                                            (aa) two or more entities 
                                        specified in subclauses (I) 
                                        through (IV); or
                                            (bb) at least one entity 
                                        specified in such subclauses 
                                        and a relevant private sector 
                                        organization that is not a 
                                        nonprofit organization.
                            (ii) Competitive award.--Except as provided 
                        in clause (iii), grants under this paragraph 
                        shall be awarded through a competitive, merit-
                        reviewed process.
                            (iii) National security laboratory.--At 
                        least 1 grant under this paragraph shall be 
                        awarded to a national security laboratory of 
                        the National Nuclear Security Administration.
                    (C) Purposes.--The purposes of the Centers 
                established under this paragraph are--
                            (i) to serve the needs of the Department 
                        and such academic, educational, and private 
                        sector entities as the Secretary considers 
                        appropriate;
                            (ii) to advance research and education in 
                        artificial intelligence and facilitate 
                        improvement in the competitiveness of the 
                        United States;
                            (iii) to provide access to computing 
                        resources to promote scientific progress and 
                        enable users from institutions of higher 
                        education, other educational institutions, the 
                        National Laboratories, and the artificial 
                        intelligence industry--
                                    (I) to make scientific discoveries 
                                relevant to research in artificial 
                                intelligence;
                                    (II) to conduct research to 
                                accelerate scientific breakthroughs in 
                                science and technology with respect to 
                                artificial intelligence;
                                    (III) to support research conducted 
                                under this paragraph; and
                                    (IV) to increase the distribution 
                                of research infrastructure and broaden 
                                the spectrum of students exposed to 
                                research in artificial intelligence at 
                                institutions of higher education 
                                (including emerging research 
                                institutions); and
                            (iv) to ensure that artificial intelligence 
                        techniques and their applications serve the 
                        social and national interest, especially with 
                        regards to maintaining privacy and 
                        accountability.
                    (D) Coordination.--The Secretary shall ensure the 
                coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, 
                the activities of each Center under this paragraph with 
                the activities of--
                            (i) other research entities of the 
                        Department, including the Nanoscale Science 
                        Research Centers, the Energy Frontier Research 
                        Centers, and the Energy Innovation Hubs; and
                            (ii) the artificial intelligence industry.
                    (E) Duration.--
                            (i) In general.--Any Center selected and 
                        established pursuant to this paragraph is 
                        authorized to carry out activities for a period 
                        of 5 years.
                            (ii) Extension.--Such a Center may apply 
                        for, and the Director may grant, an extension 
                        of a grant under this paragraph for an 
                        additional 5-year period.
                            (iii) Termination.--Consistent with 
                        existing authorities of the Department, the 
                        Secretary may terminate for cause a Center that 
                        underperforms during the performance period.
                    (F) Authorization of appropriations.--There are 
                authorized to be appropriated for each of fiscal years 
                2022 through 2026 for the Department of Energy, such 
                sums as may be necessary such that $40,000,000 is 
                available for each Center established pursuant to this 
                paragraph during such fiscal year.

SEC. 135. REBUILD MANUFACTURING REGIONS AS NEW CRITICAL TECHNOLOGY 
              HUBS.

    (a) Manufacturing Regions Revival Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through 
        the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Economic Development, 
        shall establish a program to be known as the ``Manufacturing 
        Regions Revival Program'' (in this subsection referred to as 
        the ``Program'') to strengthen the capacity of the United 
        States for manufacturing critical technologies and critical 
        supplies through comprehensive investment in the buildout of 
        regional industrial commons.
            (2) Partnership to support manufacturing critical 
        technologies.--The Program shall include a cross-Federal 
        Government partnership with regions to expand manufacturing of 
        critical technologies using long-term planning, capacity 
        building, and investments in infrastructure, including site 
        development, collaborative research, development, 
        demonstration, and commercialization workforce training and 
        technical education, capital access, supply chain development, 
        and export services.
            (3) Designation and support of regional consortiums.--
                    (A) In general.--In carrying out the Program, the 
                Secretary shall designate at least 50 regional 
                consortiums through a competitive process and provide 
                support to such consortiums to enable activities 
                described in paragraph (2) focused on critical 
                technologies as part of implementing inclusive, 
                integrated, and sustainable regional economic 
                development plans.
                    (B) Period.--Each designation under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be for 5 years with a process for 
                consideration of renewal of up to 5 more years.
                    (C) Requirements.--Each consortium designated under 
                subparagraph (A) shall--
                            (i) coordinate with the Hollings 
                        Manufacturing Extension Partnership; and
                            (ii) prioritize economic development 
                        activities that--
                                    (I) support the scaling of domestic 
                                production of federally funded and non-
                                federally funded research and 
                                development of critical technologies, 
                                including support for startups, small 
                                and midsized businesses, and businesses 
                                owned by socially and economically 
                                disadvantaged, formerly incarcerated 
                                individuals, women, veterans, and other 
                                underserved populations;
                                    (II) support improvement in the 
                                security and resiliency of supply 
                                chains related to critical technologies 
                                and supplies critical to the crisis 
                                preparedness of the United States, such 
                                as medical supplies, personal 
                                protective equipment, disaster response 
                                necessities, electrical generation 
                                technology, materials essential to 
                                infrastructure repair and renovation, 
                                and other supplies, through activities 
                                including the reshoring of 
                                manufacturing operations and the 
                                adoption of technologies to improve 
                                domestic manufacturing competitiveness;
                                    (III) enhance opportunities for 
                                entrepreneurship and jobs with family-
                                sustaining wages and benefits, 
                                including a focus on such opportunities 
                                for socially and economically 
                                disadvantaged individuals, formerly 
                                incarcerated individuals, women, 
                                veterans, and distressed communities; 
                                and
                                    (IV) support investment in 
                                dislocated and incumbent workers 
                                leading to jobs with family sustaining 
                                wages and benefits and high-road labor 
                                practices, including coordination with 
                                labor organizations on strategies and 
                                initiatives to help workers adapt to 
                                and benefit from technological change 
                                and to ensure job quality as part of 
                                any outcomes from the activities.
            (4) Eligible consortia.--To be eligible for designation as 
        a regional consortium under paragraph (3)(A), a consortium--
                    (A) shall include--
                            (i) 1 or more institutions of higher 
                        education;
                            (ii) a local or Tribal government or other 
                        political subdivision of a State;
                            (iii) a representative appointed by the 
                        Governor of the State or States that is 
                        representative of the consortium's geographic 
                        coverage;
                            (iv) an economic development organization 
                        or similar entity that is focused primarily on 
                        improving science, technology, innovation, and 
                        manufacturing; and
                            (v) a labor organization; and
                    (B) may include--
                            (i) a nonprofit economic development entity 
                        with relevant expertise, including a district 
                        organization (as defined in section 300.3 of 
                        title 13, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
                        successor regulation);
                            (ii) a venture development organization;
                            (iii) a financial institution and investor 
                        funds;
                            (iv) a primary or secondary educational 
                        institution, including a career or technical 
                        education school;
                            (v) a workforce training organization, 
                        including a State workforce development board 
                        as established under section 101 of the 
                        Workforce Investment and Opportunity Act (29 
                        U.S.C. 3111) and a community-based organization 
                        that focuses on support for underserved and 
                        underrepresented populations;
                            (vi) an industry association;
                            (vii) a firm in a critical technology or 
                        critical supply area;
                            (viii) a national laboratory or a Federal 
                        laboratory;
                            (ix) a Center (as defined in section 25(a) 
                        of the National Institute of Standards and 
                        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(a)); and
                            (x) a Manufacturing USA institute (as 
                        described in section 34(d) of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
                        U.S.C. 278s(d))).
            (5) Coordination with manufacturing usa institutes.--The 
        Secretary shall coordinate the activities of consortia 
        designated under paragraph (3) and the activities of the 
        Manufacturing USA Program and the Manufacturing USA institutes, 
        if applicable.
            (6) Matching requirement.--
                    (A) In general.--A consortium receiving support 
                under paragraph (3) shall provide non-Federal matching 
                funds equal to not less than 25 percent of the amount 
                of the support received under such paragraph.
                    (B) In-kind support.--Matching funds may include 
                in-kind support.
            (7) Geographic distribution.--
                    (A) In general.--In conducting the competitive 
                process under paragraph (3), the Secretary shall ensure 
                geographic distribution in the designation of regional 
                consortiums--
                            (i) aiming to designate regional consortia 
                        in as many regions of the United States as 
                        possible;
                            (ii) focusing on regions that have clear 
                        potential and relevant assets for developing a 
                        critical technology but have not yet become 
                        leading technology centers; and
                            (iii) developing priority scoring criteria 
                        for making awards that give extra points to 
                        consortiums that propose meaningful 
                        collaboration with distressed or 
                        deindustrialized areas within the identified 
                        region, including rural areas within the 
                        identified region.
                    (B) Spanning states.--A regional consortium 
                designated under paragraph (3) may include multiple 
                States.
            (8) Interagency collaboration.--In carrying out the 
        Program, the Secretary--
                    (A) shall collaborate with Federal departments and 
                agencies whose missions contribute to the goals of 
                consortia designated under paragraph (3);
                    (B) may accept funds from other Federal agencies to 
                support grants and activities under this subsection; 
                and
                    (C) may coordinate with other Federal departments 
                or agencies to conduct outreach and provide technical 
                assistance to consortia designated under paragraph (3) 
                to consider application for other relevant financial 
                assistance available across the Federal Government.
            (9) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $550,000,000 
        for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations for Defense Manufacturing 
Communities Program.--
            (1) In general.--In order to strengthen the national 
        security innovation base in critical technologies, there are 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out the Defense 
        Manufacturing Community Support Program under section 846 of 
        the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232; 10 U.S.C. 2501 note) 
        amounts as follows:
                    (A) $26,750,000 for fiscal year 2021.
                    (B) $28,623,000 for fiscal year 2022.
                    (C) $30,627,000 for fiscal year 2023.
                    (D) $32,771,000 for fiscal year 2024.
                    (E) $35,065,000 for fiscal year 2025.
            (2) Supplement, not supplant.--The amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated under paragraphs (1) shall supplement and not 
        supplant amounts already appropriated for the purposes 
        described in such paragraph.

SEC. 136. STRENGTHENING DOMESTIC SUPPLY CHAINS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The COVID-19 public health crisis has exposed key 
        dependencies and reliance on foreign suppliers for critical 
        goods and inputs in the medical supply chain.
            (2) The United States faces gaps in domestic supply chain 
        resilience in critical technologies, such as microelectronics, 
        that are a threat to national and economic security.
            (3) The Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership plays 
        an important role in helping domestic small- and medium-sized 
        manufacturers be more globally competitive and strengthen 
        domestic supply chains.
            (4) Despite this role, the United States underinvests in 
        the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership relative to 
        historic Federal funding levels for the program and compared to 
        investments in similar manufacturing extension centers by 
        competitors of the United States.
            (5) To respond to reliance on foreign suppliers that make 
        the United States vulnerable in emergencies and that threatens 
        national security, a major Federal commitment to the Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership and related manufacturing 
        intermediary services is required.
    (b) Requirements Relating to Hollings Manufacturing Extension 
Partnership.--The Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Director of 
the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Hollings 
Manufacturing Extension Partnership, shall--
            (1) expand services to align the entire Hollings 
        Manufacturing Extension Partnership that provides industry-wide 
        support that assists United States manufacturers with reshoring 
        manufacturing to strengthen the resiliency of domestic supply 
        chains, including in critical technology areas and foundational 
        manufacturing capabilities that are key to domestic 
        manufacturing competitiveness and resiliency, including 
        forming, casting, machining, joining, surface treatment, and 
        tooling;
            (2) in coordination with the Industrial Technology 
        Assistance program of the Department of Energy, assist 
        manufacturers with energy efficiency or carbon reduction 
        improvements;
            (3) assist manufacturers with improvements to cybersecurity 
        and technology adoption, including the use of artificial 
        intelligence, robotics, 3D printing, cloud computing, and other 
        digital technologies to improve competitiveness;
            (4) support programming at the Centers under section 25 of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278k) to provide coordinating services on workforce 
        training, including connecting manufacturers with career and 
        technical education entities, institutions of higher education 
        (including community colleges), labor organizations, and job 
        training providers to develop training to upskill incumbent 
        workers and to provide training and job placement services to 
        new workers;
            (5) expand advanced manufacturing technology services to 
        small- and medium-sized manufacturers pursuant to section 25A 
        of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278k-1), including services for the adoption of smart 
        manufacturing technologies and practices and technologies 
        developed by Manufacturing USA institutes (as described in 
        section 34(d) of the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278s(d))); and
            (6) build capabilities across the Hollings Manufacturing 
        Extension Partnership for reshoring supply chains in critical 
        technologies and supplies and key manufacturing processes, 
        including expanded capacity for researching and deploying 
        information on supply chain risk, hidden costs of reliance on 
        offshore suppliers, redesigning products and processes to 
        encourage reshoring, and other relevant topics.
    (c) Waiver of Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership Cost-
Share Requirements for States.--During fiscal year 2021 and 2022, 
subsections (e)(2) and (f)(3) of section 25 of the National Institute 
of Standards and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k) shall not apply to a 
Center (as defined in subsection (a) of such section) that is operated 
by a State and no Federal cost-share requirements shall apply to any 
funds appropriated pursuant to the authorizations of appropriations in 
paragraphs (2) and (3) of subsection (e).
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated to 
        carry out subsection (b) $600,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 and 
        for each fiscal year thereafter.
            (2) Deployment of advanced manufacturing technologies.--Of 
        the amounts appropriated pursuant to the authorization in 
        paragraph (1), $50,000,000 shall be available in each fiscal 
        year to carry out subsection (b)(4).
            (3) Supply chain research capabilities.--Of the amounts 
        appropriated pursuant to the authorization in paragraph (1), 
        $10,000,000 shall be available each fiscal year to carry out 
        subsection (b)(6).

SEC. 137. DEVELOPMENT OF DATA AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVED 
              DOMESTIC SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCY.

    (a) Study Required.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall seek to enter 
into an agreement with the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, 
and Medicine (referred to in this section as the ``National 
Academies'') under which the National Academies will conduct a study 
on--
            (1) tools and processes for the Federal Government to 
        collect comprehensive data on supply chains across sectors for 
        use in strengthening the resiliency of domestic supply chains, 
        including recommendations for maintaining confidentiality of 
        responses from companies, protections of proprietary 
        information, and ways of collecting such data that would not be 
        burdensome for respondents to ensure wide industry 
        participation;
            (2) ways in which such data should be updated on a regular 
        basis and accessible for research and evaluation purposes for 
        the Federal Government;
            (3) the development of policies and procedures for the 
        Federal Government to use data on supply chains for activities 
        to strengthen the resiliency of domestic supply chains, 
        including the use of data--
                    (A) to identify and respond to shortages in 
                materials or services caused by natural disasters and 
                other emergencies;
                    (B) to provide early warning of vulnerabilities in 
                supply chains;
                    (C) to facilitate the growth of new industries by 
                identifying firms whose capabilities could contribute 
                to the supply chains of these new industries;
                    (D) to research effective ways of selecting and 
                managing suppliers, including methods of evaluating a 
                supplier's total cost of ownership or total value 
                contribution;
                    (E) to coordinate domestic supply chains for the 
                purposes of achieving Buy America and Buy American 
                Federal requirements and domestic manufacturing 
                requirements for federally funded intellectual property 
                included in the chapter 18 of title 35, United States 
                Code (commonly known as the ``Bayh-Dole Act''), and 
                Stevenson-Wydler Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3701 et seq.); 
                and
                    (F) to reshore companies critical to domestic 
                supply chain resiliency in critical materials and 
                technologies;
            (4) recommendations on types of data useful to Federal 
        Government policies and procedures for strengthening the 
        resiliency of domestic supply chains; and
            (5) models for establishing and maintaining networks 
        critical to resilient domestic supply chains to ensure the 
        collection and use of data that may be made up of stakeholders 
        that may include--
                    (A) private firms;
                    (B) institutions of higher education;
                    (C) labor and community organizations;
                    (D) trade associations;
                    (E) lenders and investors; and
                    (F) Federal, State, and local agencies.
    (b) Coordination.--In carrying out the study required by subsection 
(a), the National Academies shall coordinate with the heads of relevant 
Federal agencies, including the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of 
Defense, the Secretary of Energy, the Administrator of the Small 
Business Administration, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of 
Transportation, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services, and such others as the National Academies considers 
necessary to carry out the study.
    (c) Initial Report.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the 
President and the appropriate congressional committees an initial 
report that includes--
            (1) the findings of the National Academies with respect to 
        the study conducted under subsection (a); and
            (2) such recommendations as the National Academies may have 
        for legislative or administrative action to improve the 
        collection and use of data to strengthen the resiliency of 
        domestic supply chains across industry sectors.
    (d) Final Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the 
President and the appropriate congressional committees a comprehensive 
report on the findings of the National Academies with respect to the 
study required by subsection (a).
    (e) Form of Reports.--The reports submitted to the appropriate 
congressional committees under subsections (b) and (c) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 138. CAPITAL INVESTMENT FOR DOMESTIC PRODUCTION.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Company.--The term ``company'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 847 of the National Defense Authorization 
        Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92).
            (2) Domestic.--The term ``domestic'' means a company 
        incorporated or formed in the United States--
                    (A) that is not under foreign ownership, control, 
                or influence (FOCI);
                    (B) whose beneficial owners are United States 
                persons;
                    (C) whose management are United States citizens;
                    (D) whose principal place of business is in the 
                United States; and
                    (E) who is not--
                            (i) a foreign incorporated entity that is 
                        an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity; or
                            (ii) any joint venture if more than 10 
                        percent of the joint venture (by vote or value) 
                        is held by a foreign incorporated entity that 
                        is an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity.
    (b) Authorizations of Appropriations for Department of Defense 
Programs To Support Development and Production of Critical 
Technologies.--To support the commercialization of federally funded 
research and development and the scaling of domestic production of 
critical technologies and supplies, there are authorized to be 
appropriated amounts as follows:
            (1) National security innovation capital program.--For the 
        National Security Innovation Capital program under section 230 
        of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for 
        Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232; 10 U.S.C. 2358 note), 
        including investment to scale domestic production of research 
        and technology development of dual-use critical technologies, 
        the following amounts:
                    (A) For fiscal year 2021, $15,000,000.
                    (B) For fiscal year 2022, $16,050,000.
                    (C) For fiscal year 2023, $17,174,000.
                    (D) For fiscal year 2024, $18,376,000.
                    (E) For fiscal year 2025, $19,662,000.
            (2) Rapid innovation program.--To carry out the Rapid 
        Innovation Program (RIP) under section 1073 of the Ike Skelton 
        National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2011 (Public 
        Law 111-383; 10 U.S.C. 2359a note), the following amounts:
                    (A) For fiscal year 2021, $250,000,000.
                    (B) For fiscal year 2022, $267,500,000.
                    (C) For fiscal year 2023, $286,250,000.
                    (D) For fiscal year 2024, $306,261,000.
                    (E) For fiscal year 2025, $327,699,000.
            (3) Title iii of the defense production act.--To carry out 
        title III of the Defense Production Act (50 U.S.C. 4531 et 
        seq.), the following amounts:
                    (A) For fiscal year 2021, $100,000,000.
                    (B) For fiscal year 2022, $100,000,000.
                    (C) For fiscal year 2023, $200,000,000.
                    (D) For fiscal year 2024, $300,000,000.
                    (E) For fiscal year 2025, $300,000,000.
            (4) Industrial base analysis and sustainment.--To carry out 
        the Industrial Base Analysis and Sustainment program under 
        section 2508 of title 10, United States Code, the following 
        amounts:
                    (A) For fiscal year 2021, $111,335,000.
                    (B) For fiscal year 2022, $119,128,000.
                    (C) For fiscal year 2023, $127,467,000.
                    (D) For fiscal year 2024, $136,390,000.
                    (E) For fiscal year 2025, $145,937,000.
            (5) Manufacturing technology program.--To carry out the 
        Manufacturing Technology Program under subchapter IV of chapter 
        148 of title 10, United States Code, the following amounts:
                    (A) For fiscal year 2021, $140,080,000.
                    (B) For fiscal year 2022, $149,886,000.
                    (C) For fiscal year 2023, $160,378,000.
                    (D) For fiscal year 2024, $171,604,000.
                    (E) For fiscal year 2025, $183,616,000.
    (c) Supplement, Not Supplant.--The amounts authorized to be 
appropriated under paragraphs (1) through (5) of subsection (b) shall 
supplement and not supplant amounts already appropriated for the 
purposes described in such paragraphs.
    (d) Focus on Startup, Small, and Mid-Sized Companies.--The 
Secretary of Defense shall establish policies to focus funding 
authorized under this section to meet the needs of startup, small, and 
mid-sized companies in commercializing Federal research and development 
and scaling domestic manufacturing.

SEC. 139. IMPROVED PROCESS FOR PREFERENCE FOR DOMESTIC MANUFACTURING OF 
              TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE.

    (a) Title 35, United States Code.--Section 204 of title 35, United 
States Code, is amended--
            (1) in the first sentence, by striking ``Notwithstanding 
        any other provision of this chapter,'' and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
chapter, and subject to subsection (b),'';
            (2) by striking the second sentence; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Waivers.--
            ``(1) In general.--In individual cases, and consistent with 
        the policies and procedures developed under paragraph (2), the 
        requirement for an agreement described in subsection (a) may be 
        waived upon a showing by the applicable small business firm, 
        nonprofit organization, or assignee that reasonable but 
        unsuccessful efforts have been made to grant licenses on 
        similar terms to potential licensees that would be likely to 
        manufacture substantially in the United States or that under 
        the circumstances domestic manufacture is not commercially 
        feasible.
            ``(2) Implementation.--The Secretary of Commerce shall 
        develop policies and procedures that, to the greatest extent 
        practicable, promote uniformity with respect to the issuance of 
        a waiver under paragraph (1), which shall include the 
        following:
                    ``(A) Policies and procedures to promote 
                transparency and clarity with respect to the issuance 
                of those waivers, including the means by which a small 
                business firm, nonprofit organization, or assignee 
                described in that paragraph may make the showing 
                required under that paragraph.
                    ``(B) The development of a Government-wide 
                application process through which waivers are issued 
                under that paragraph, which shall require--
                            ``(i) the person seeking the waiver to 
                        submit to the Federal agency under whose 
                        funding agreement the applicable subject 
                        invention was made a request for the waiver;
                            ``(ii) the Federal agency to which a 
                        request is submitted under clause (i) to 
                        forward that request to the Secretary; and
                            ``(iii) the Secretary, during the 120-day 
                        period beginning on the date on which the 
                        Secretary receives the request under clause 
                        (ii), to--
                                    ``(I) consult with the Federal 
                                agency forwarding the request, and any 
                                other Federal agency the Secretary 
                                determines appropriate, regarding 
                                whether the waiver should be issued; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) determine whether to issue 
                                the waiver, taking into consideration 
                                the consultation required under 
                                subclause (I).
                    ``(C) Policies and procedures to--
                            ``(i) collect information from the person 
                        seeking the waiver on the capabilities required 
                        of the applicable licensee to manufacture in 
                        the United States; and
                            ``(ii) before issuing the waiver, utilize 
                        the information collected under clause (i) to, 
                        in coordination with the Hollings Manufacturing 
                        Extension Partnership established under section 
                        25(b) of the National Institute of Standards 
                        and Technology Act (15 U.S.C. 278k(b)) and 
                        other relevant Federal programs, identify 
                        domestic manufacturers that are capable and 
                        willing to manufacture in the United States the 
                        applicable product that embodies the subject 
                        invention (or that is produced through the use 
                        of the subject invention).
    ``(c) Reports.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment 
of this subsection, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Commerce 
shall submit to Congress a report regarding the issuance of waivers 
under subsection (b), which shall include--
            ``(1) the total number of those waivers issued during the 
        period covered by the report, which shall include, for each 
        such waiver, an identification of--
                    ``(A) the nation in which the applicable product 
                that embodies the subject invention (or that is 
                produced through the use of the subject invention) will 
                be substantially manufactured; and
                    ``(B) the Federal agency under whose funding 
                agreement the applicable subject invention was made;
            ``(2) the total number of requests submitted under 
        subsection (b)(2)(B)(i) during the period covered by the 
        report; and
            ``(3) during the period covered by the report, a breakdown 
        of the number of requests that each Federal agency received 
        under subsection (b)(2)(B)(i).''.
    (b) Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980.--
            (1) In general.--Section 12(c)(4) of the Stevenson-Wydler 
        Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a(c)(4)) is 
        amended--
                    (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (A) and (B) as 
                clauses (i) and (ii), respectively;
                    (B) in the matter preceding clause (i), as so 
                redesignated, by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(4)''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(B) The Secretary shall develop policies and procedures that, to 
the greatest extent practicable, promote uniformity across the Federal 
Government with respect to the implementation of subparagraph (A).''.
            (2) Technical and conforming amendment.--Section 
        12(b)(1)(C)(iii) of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation 
        Act of 1980 (15 U.S.C. 3710a(b)(1)(C)(iii)) is amended by 
        striking ``subsection (c)(4)(B)'' and inserting ``subsection 
        (c)(4)(A)(ii)''.

SEC. 140. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CHINESE AND UNITED STATES INVESTMENTS 
              IN RESEARCH AND MANUFACTURING IN AREAS CRITICAL TO THE 
              NATIONAL DEFENSE STRATEGY.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Defense shall conduct a 
comparative assessment of the budgets and investment programs in each 
critical technology area supporting the National Defense Strategy of 
the United States and the People's Republic of China and provide to the 
congressional defense committees, not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, a report on the assessment, in both 
classified and unclassified form as necessary.
    (b) Elements.--The assessment and report required under subsection 
(a) shall include the following elements:
            (1) A comparison of investment levels in research and 
        relevant testing and research infrastructure, manufacturing, 
        prototyping, and procurement by government and any relevant 
        private sector organization.
            (2) A comparative assessment of capabilities of national 
        security systems likely to be in use within the next 10 years.

SEC. 141. TECHNICAL DATA RIGHTS FOR TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED AT 
              GOVERNMENT EXPENSE THAT HAVE BEEN TRANSFERRED OVERSEAS 
              FOR MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION.

    Section 2320(a)(2)(E) of title 10, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by redesignating clause (iv) as clause (v); and
            (2) by inserting after clause (iii) the following new 
        clause:
                    ``(iv) Enabling the Government to ensure that to 
                the greatest extent practicable all technologies and 
                systems under procurement by the Department of Defense 
                that were developed with mixed funding be manufactured 
                within the national technology and industrial base (as 
                that term is defined in section 2500 of this title) or 
                with other allied nations and not be provided to 
                companies (as defined in section 847 of the National 
                Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public 
                Law 116-92)) under foreign ownership, control, or 
                influence (as defined in such section 847), of a malign 
                foreign actor, unless specifically authorized by the 
                Secretary of Defense or another provision of law.''.

SEC. 142. REQUIREMENT TO BUY CERTAIN ARTICLES FROM UNITED STATES AND 
              FRIENDLY NATION SOURCES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Beneficial owner; beneficial ownership.--The terms 
        ``beneficial owner'' and ``beneficial ownership'' shall be 
        determined in a manner that is not less stringent than the 
        manner set forth in section 240.13d-3 of title 17, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of the enactment 
        of this Act).
            (2) Company.--The term ``company'' means any corporation, 
        company, limited liability company, limited partnership, 
        business trust, business association, or other similar entity.
            (3) Covered contractor.--The term ``covered contractor'' 
        means--
                    (A) a company that is not incorporated or formed in 
                the United States;
                    (B) a company whose management are not United 
                States citizens;
                    (C) a company whose principal place of business is 
                not in the United States;
                    (D) any foreign incorporated company that is an 
                inverted domestic corporation or any subsidiary of such 
                company; or
                    (E) any joint venture if more than 10 percent of 
                the joint venture (by vote or value) is held by a 
                foreign incorporated company that is an inverted 
                domestic corporation or any subsidiary of such company.
            (4) Foreign ownership, control, or influence; foci.--The 
        terms ``foreign ownership, control, or influence'' and ``FOCI'' 
        have the meanings given those terms in the National Industrial 
        Security Program Operating Manual (DOD 5220.22-M), or a 
        successor document.
            (5) National technology and industrial base.--The term 
        ``national technology and industrial base'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 2500 of title 10, United States Code.
    (b) Domestic Sourcing Requirement.--The Secretary of Defense shall 
establish procurement policies to ensure that, except as provided under 
subsections (c) through (f), or as otherwise provided under law, funds 
appropriated or otherwise available to the Department of Defense may 
not be used for the procurement of any product, good, or service from a 
covered contractor, including contracts, subcontracts, and other 
transactions for the procurement of commercial products, 
notwithstanding section 1906 of title 41, United States Code.
    (c) Waivers To Use Sources in the National Technology and 
Industrial Base.--The Secretary of Defense shall establish a waiver 
process to ensure that products, goods, or services that cannot be 
procured under the requirements of subsection (b) in satisfactory 
quality and sufficient quantity as and when needed at United States 
fair market prices, may be procured as needed for the specific 
procurement from companies--
            (1) that are not under foreign ownership, control, or 
        influence (FOCI) of a malign foreign actor;
            (2) whose beneficial owners are known to the Secretary; and
            (3) that are in the national technology and industrial 
        base.
    (d) Waivers To Use Sources in Other Allied or Friendly Nations.--
The Secretary of Defense shall establish a waiver process to ensure 
that products, goods, or services that cannot be procured under the 
requirements of subsection (b) or subsection (c) in satisfactory 
quality and sufficient quantity as and when needed at United States 
fair market prices, may be procured from companies in other allied or 
friendly nations, as designated for the specific procurement, so long 
as the Secretary ensures that such company is not under FOCI of a 
malign foreign actor or such company is not beneficially owned by a 
malign foreign actor.
    (e) Waiver To Use Alternative Sources.--The Secretary of Defense 
shall establish a waiver process to ensure that products, goods, or 
services that cannot be procured under the requirements of subsection 
(b), (c), or (d) in satisfactory quality and sufficient quantity as and 
when needed at United States fair market prices, may be procured from a 
company, as designated for the specific procurement.
    (f) Exceptions for Certain Procurements.--The requirement under 
subsection (b) does not apply to procurements--
            (1) outside the United States in support of combat 
        operations;
            (2) of any item in support of contingency operations or 
        other emergencies;
            (3) for which the use of procedures other than competitive 
        procedures has been approved on the basis of section 2304(c)(2) 
        of title 10, United States Code, relating to unusual and 
        compelling urgency of need;
            (4) for amounts not greater than the simplified acquisition 
        threshold referred to in section 2304(g) of such title; or
            (5) whose sourcing is limited by other provisions of law, 
        international agreement, or treaty obligations.
    (g) Requirement for Activities To Establish Domestic Sources.--If 
the Secretary of Defense issues a waiver under subsections (c), (d), or 
(e), the Secretary shall, not later than 90 days after issuing the 
waiver, provide a notification to the congressional defense committees 
of such waiver, along with a justification for the use of the waiver 
and a plan to establish domestic sources for the specific product, 
good, or service that was the subject of the waiver, if determined 
appropriate.
    (h) Reporting on Use of Waiver Authority.--The Secretary of Defense 
shall report to Congress and post on a public website each fiscal 
quarter usage of the waivers authorized under subsections (c), (d), and 
(e).

SEC. 143. PROMOTING DOMESTIC PRODUCTION OF TECHNOLOGIES DEVELOPED UNDER 
              DEFENSE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Beneficial owner; beneficial ownership.--The terms 
        ``beneficial owner'' and ``beneficial ownership'' shall be 
        determined in a manner that is not less stringent than the 
        manner set forth in section 240.13d-3 of title 17, Code of 
        Federal Regulations (as in effect on the date of the enactment 
        of this Act).
            (2) Company.--The term ``company'' means any corporation, 
        company, limited liability company, limited partnership, 
        business trust, business association, or other similar entity.
            (3) Domestic.--The term ``domestic'', with respect to 
        development or production, means development or production by, 
        or with respect to source means the source is, a company 
        incorporated or formed in the United States--
                    (A) that is not under foreign ownership, control, 
                or influence;
                    (B) whose beneficial owners are United States 
                persons;
                    (C) whose management are United States citizens;
                    (D) whose principal place of business is in the 
                United States; and
                    (E) who is not--
                            (i) a foreign incorporated entity that is 
                        an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity; or
                            (ii) any joint venture if more than 10 
                        percent of the joint venture (by vote or value) 
                        is held by a foreign incorporated entity that 
                        is an inverted domestic corporation or any 
                        subsidiary of such entity.
            (4) Foreign ownership, control, or influence; foci.--The 
        terms ``foreign ownership, control, or influence'' and ``FOCI'' 
        have the meanings given those terms in the National Industrial 
        Security Program Operating Manual (DOD 5220.22-M), or a 
        successor document.
    (b) In General.--The Secretary of Defense shall establish policies 
to promote the domestic production and for secure supply chains of 
technologies developed under section 2358 of title 10, United States 
Code.
    (c) Elements.--The policies developed under subsection (b) shall 
include the following:
            (1) Measures to partner domestic developers of technologies 
        under defense research and development activities with domestic 
        manufacturers and sources of financing, as well as to assure 
        secure supply chain management for any non-domestic 
        manufacturers.
            (2) Measures to prioritize procurement of technologies 
        developed under defense research and development activities 
        from domestic sources.
            (3) Requirements that all contracts, transactions, and 
        agreements entered into under section 2358(b) of title 10, 
        United States Code, shall include conditions where developers 
        of technologies under defense research and development activity 
        who manufacture such technology outside the United States may 
        be required to refund to the United States an appropriate 
        amount of funding, which shall include the present value of the 
        future value lost by the United States as a result of such 
        technology being manufactured outside the United States, under 
        reasonable conditions and procedures determined by the 
        Secretary in the interest of protecting taxpayers.
            (4) Requirements that technical data developed under 
        defense research and development activities may be transferred 
        by the Department of Defense for the purpose of domestic 
        manufacturing for procurement activities of the Department of 
        Defense.

SEC. 144. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF EFFORTS BY THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES TO RECRUIT AND RETAIN 
              RESEARCHERS.

    (a) Agreement.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense shall seek to 
        enter into an agreement with the National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to perform the services 
        covered by this section.
            (2) Timing.--The Secretary shall seek to enter into the 
        agreement described in paragraph (1) not later than 60 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (b) Review.--
            (1) In general.--Under an agreement between the Secretary 
        and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and 
        Medicine under this section, the National Academies of 
        Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall carry out a 
        comparative analysis of efforts by the People's Republic of 
        China and the United States to recruit and retain domestic and 
        foreign researchers and develop recommendations for the 
        Department of Defense.
            (2) Elements.--The comparative analysis carried out under 
        paragraph (1) and the recommendations developed under such 
        paragraph shall include the following:
                    (A) A list of the so called ``talent programs'' 
                used by the Government of China and a list of the 
                incentive programs used by the United States Government 
                to recruit and retain relevant researchers.
                    (B) The types of researchers, scientists, other 
                technical experts, and fields targeted by each talent 
                program listed under subparagraph (A).
                    (C) The number of researchers in academia, the 
                Department of Defense Science and Technology 
                Reinvention Laboratories, and national security science 
                and engineering programs of the National Nuclear 
                Security Administration targeted by the talent programs 
                listed under subparagraph (A).
                    (D) The number of personnel currently participating 
                in the talent programs listed under subparagraph (A) 
                and the number of researchers currently participating 
                in the incentive programs listed under such 
                subparagraph.
                    (E) The incentives offered by each of the talent 
                programs listed under subparagraph (A) and a 
                description of the incentives offered through incentive 
                programs under such subparagraph to recruit and retain 
                researchers, scientists, and other technical experts.
                    (F) A characterization of the national security, 
                economic, and scientific benefits the People's Republic 
                of China gains through the talent programs listed under 
                subparagraph (A) and a description of similar gains 
                accrued to the United States through incentive programs 
                listed under such subparagraph.
                    (G) A list of findings and recommendations relating 
                to policies that can be implemented by the United 
                States Government, especially the Department of 
                Defense, to improve the relative effectiveness of 
                United States activities to recruit and retain 
                researchers, scientists, and other technical experts 
                relative to the Government of China.
    (c) Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        the execution of an agreement under subsection (a), the 
        National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine shall 
        submit to the congressional defense committees (as that term is 
        defined in section 101(a)(16) of title 10, United States Code) 
        a report on the findings with respect to the review carried out 
        under this section and the recommendations developed under this 
        section.
            (2) Form.--The report submitted under paragraph (1) shall 
        be submitted in a publicly releasable and unclassified format, 
        but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 145. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE COOPERATIVE TECHNICAL TALENT PROTECTION 
              PROGRAM.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the 
Secretary of State, may carry out a program with respect to foreign 
countries, to be known as the ``Department of Defense Cooperative 
Technical Talent Protection Program'' (referred to in this section as 
the ``Program''), to carry out the following activities:
            (1) Facilitate the attraction and retention of individuals 
        with technical talent in critical national security 
        technologies in the United States and allied countries, while 
        preventing such individuals from inappropriately partnering 
        with or working for--
                    (A) the Government of China and organizations 
                associated with the Government of China; and
                    (B) other governments of countries of concern and 
                associated organizations.
            (2) Prevent the proliferation of advanced national security 
        and commercial technologies, knowledge, and expertise to the 
        People's Republic of China and other countries of concern.
            (3) Prevent the proliferation of materials, equipment, and 
        technology that could be used for the design, development, 
        production, or use of technologies critical to the national or 
        economic security of the People's Republic of China and other 
        countries of concern.
            (4) Subject to subsection (e), carry out military-to-
        military and defense contacts with allied and friendly 
        countries to advance the mission of the Program.
            (5) Establish procedures and measures to ensure that any 
        sensitive information or technology or knowledge acquired by a 
        participant of the Program, as a result of participating in the 
        Program, is not used against the United States Government or 
        shared with malign foreign actors.
    (b) Scope of Authority.--The authority under this section includes 
the authority to provide employment, fellowships and other educational 
opportunities, equipment, goods, services, and funding for, or related 
to, a project or activity carried out under the Program.
    (c) Type of Program.--The Program may involve assistance in 
planning and resolving technological problems or issues, the resolution 
of which is associated with promoting economic growth or supporting 
national security for the United States or allied countries.
    (d) Reimbursement of Other Agencies.--The Secretary of Defense may 
reimburse the head of any other Federal department or agency for the 
costs of the Federal department or agency for participation in the 
Program.
    (e) Military-to-Military and Defense Contacts.--The Secretary of 
Defense shall ensure that the military-to-military and defense contacts 
carried out under subsection (a)(4)--
            (1) are focused and expanded to support specific 
        relationship-building opportunities that may lead to the 
        development of the Program in a new geographic area and the 
        achievement other benefits of the Program;
            (2) are directly administered under the Program; and
            (3) include cooperation and coordination with appropriate 
        Federal departments and agencies, private sector partners, 
        allied countries, and international organizations.
    (f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, 
Defense-Wide account to carry out this section $400,000,000 for the 
period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.

SEC. 146. EMPLOYMENT OF EXPERTS BY DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE LABORATORIES 
              AND THE DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY.

    (a) In General.--An individual may be employed as a full-time or 
term employee at a Science and Technology Reinvention Laboratory if the 
individual--
            (1) is a citizen or national of the United States (as 
        defined in section 101(a) of the Immigration and Nationality 
        Act (8 U.S.C. 1101(a)));
            (2) is an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence 
        (as the terms are defined in such section);
            (3) is an alien who the Secretary of Defense determines to 
        be an expert in a technical field and determines would 
        positively contribute to the mission of a Science and 
        Technology Reinvention Laboratory or the Defense Advanced 
        Research Projects Agency; or
            (4) meets such criteria as the Director of the Defense 
        Advanced Research Projects Agency or Secretary of a Military 
        Department may establish.
    (b) Development of Hiring Policies and Expedited Procedures.--The 
Secretary of Defense shall develop policies and expedited procedures 
for the employment of individuals described in subsection (a) that--
            (1) for the period during which security clearances for 
        such employees are pending, establish job functions that do not 
        require security clearances;
            (2) establish procedures for exchanging personnel with 
        private sector research organizations (including universities, 
        university-affiliated research centers, and federally funded 
        research and development centers) to enable such employees to 
        support defense missions during such period by carrying out 
        research and technical activities that do not require security 
        clearances;
            (3) provide limited access authorization for such 
        employees, as necessary, to perform classified work;
            (4) assist such employees to obtain lawful permanent 
        resident status or United States citizenship, as applicable; 
        and
            (5) ensure that sensitive information or technology or 
        knowledge acquired by such employees as a result of such 
        employment is not used against the United States Government or 
        shared with malign foreign actors.

SEC. 147. ANALYSIS OF DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE AND STEM FELLOWSHIPS, 
              SCHOLARSHIPS, INTERNSHIPS, TRAINEESHIPS, AND 
              APPRENTICESHIPS.

    (a) Analysis of Financial Status of Defense Industrial Base.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense shall conduct an 
        analysis of--
                    (A) the financial status of the defense industrial 
                base and develop predictive modeling capabilities to 
                enable the Secretary to understand what sectors and 
                suppliers in the defense industrial base are under 
                stress and need financial support, including as a 
                result of the COVID-19 pandemic; and
                    (B) the readiness of the domestic workforce to 
                ensure a resilient defense industrial base, including 
                coordination with labor organizations and education and 
                training providers to assess gaps in training and 
                education availability to achieve such readiness.
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be 
        necessary to carry out this subsection.
    (b) STEM Fellowships, Scholarships, Internships, Traineeships, and 
Apprenticeships.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary may establish such 
        fellowships, scholarships for service, internships, 
        traineeships, and apprenticeships in the fields of science, 
        technology, engineering, and mathematics as the Secretary 
        considers appropriate to support United States competition with 
        the People's Republic of China.
            (2) Diversity and inclusion.--For any programs established 
        in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall develop priorities for 
        use of such programs to improve diversity and inclusion within 
        the workforce in support of the defense industrial base, 
        including expanding career pathways for socially and 
        economically disadvantaged individuals, formerly incarcerated 
        individuals, women, veterans, and other underrepresented 
        populations.
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to the Secretary such sums as may be 
        necessary to carry out this subsection.

SEC. 148. NEW TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT IN SUPPORT OF THE NATIONAL DEFENSE 
              STRATEGY.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--For the Central Test and 
Evaluation Investment Program (CTEIP) for test and evaluation 
infrastructure to support new technology development for the National 
Defense Strategy, there are authorized to be appropriated amounts as 
follows:
            (1) For fiscal year 2021, $418,040,000.
            (2) For fiscal year 2022, $447,303,000.
            (3) For fiscal year 2023, $478,614,000.
            (4) For fiscal year 2024, $512,117,000.
            (5) For fiscal year 2025, $547,965,000.
    (b) Supplement, Not Supplant.--The amounts authorized to be 
appropriated under subsection shall supplement and not supplant amounts 
already appropriated for the purposes described in such subsection.

SEC. 149. USE OF THE DEFENSE PRODUCTION ACT TO INVEST IN ALUMINUM 
              PRODUCTION CAPACITY IN THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) The Committee on Armed Services of the Senate 
                and the House of Representatives; and
                    (B) The Committee on Financial Services of the 
                House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, 
                Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate.
            (2) National defense.--The term ``national defense'' shall 
        have the same meaning as such term under section 702 of the 
        Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4552).
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, 
consistent with any determinations made pursuant to section 101 of the 
Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4511), the refining of 
aluminum and the development of processing and manufacturing 
capabilities for aluminum, including a geographically diverse set of 
such capabilities, may have important implications for the defense 
industrial base and the national defense.
    (c) Report.--Not later than September 30, 2021, the Secretary of 
Defense shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees a 
report on--
            (1) how authorities under the Defense Production Act of 
        1950 (U.S.C. 4501 et seq.) could be used to provide incentives 
        to increase activities relating to refining aluminum and the 
        development of processing and manufacturing capabilities for 
        aluminum; and
            (2) whether a new initiative would further the development 
        of such processing and manufacturing capabilities for aluminum.

SEC. 150. DOMESTIC REQUIREMENTS FOR ALUMINUM.

    (a) Designation of Aluminum as Specialty Metal.--Section 2533b(l) 
of title 10, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end of the 
following new paragraph:
            ``(5) Aluminum and aluminum alloys.''.
    (b) Federal Highway Administration.--Section 313(a) of title 23, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``unless steel, iron, and 
manufactured products'' and inserting ``unless steel, iron, aluminum, 
and manufactured products''.
    (c) Federal Transit Administration.--Section 5323(j) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``only if the steel, 
        iron, and manufactured goods'' and inserting ``only if the 
        steel, iron, aluminum, and manufactured goods'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``steel, iron, and 
        goods'' and inserting ``steel, iron, aluminum, and manufactured 
        goods'';
            (3) in paragraph (5), by striking ``or iron'' and inserting 
        ``, iron, or aluminum'';
            (4) in paragraph (6)(A)(i), by inserting ``, aluminum'' 
        after ``iron'';
            (5) in paragraph (10), by inserting ``, aluminum'' after 
        ``iron''; and
            (6) in paragraph (12)--
                    (A) in the paragraph heading by striking ``AND 
                IRON'' and inserting ``, IRON, AND ALUMINUM''; and
                    (B) by striking ``and iron'' and inserting ``, 
                iron, and aluminum''.
    (d) Federal Railroad Administration.--Section 22905(a) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``only if the steel, 
        iron, and manufactured goods'' and inserting ``only if the 
        steel, iron, aluminum, and manufactured products'';
            (2) in paragraph (2)(B), by inserting ``, aluminum'' after 
        ``iron''; and
            (3) in paragraph (9), by inserting ``, aluminum'' after 
        ``iron.''
    (e) Federal Aviation Administration.--Section 50101(a) of title 49, 
United States Code, is amended by striking ``steel and manufactured 
goods'' and inserting ``steel, aluminum, and manufactured goods''.
    (f) Amtrak.--Section 24305(f)(2) of title 49, United States Code, 
is amended by inserting ``, including aluminum,'' after ``supplies'' 
each place it appears.

SEC. 151. QUALITY WAGE PROTECTIONS FOR FEDERAL INVESTMENTS.

    (a) Davis-Bacon Act.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, for fiscal year 2021 and each fiscal year thereafter, all 
        laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or 
        subcontractors on projects assisted in whole or in part under 
        section 103, 114, 125, 126, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 
        147, 148, 149, 150, 169, 170, 171, or 172, or part II of this 
        subtitle, without regard to the form or type of Federal 
        assistance provided under such section or part, shall be paid 
        wages at rates not less than those prevailing on projects of a 
        similar character in the locality as determined by the 
        Secretary of Labor in accordance with subchapter IV of chapter 
        31 of title 40, United States Code (commonly known as the 
        ``Davis-Bacon Act'').
            (2) Authority.--With respect to the labor standards 
        specified in paragraph (1), the Secretary of Labor shall have 
        the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan 
        Numbered 14 of 1950 (64 Stat. 1267; 5 U.S.C. App.) and section 
        3145 of title 40, United States Code.
    (b) Service Employees.--
            (1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        law, for fiscal year 2021 and each fiscal year thereafter, all 
        service employees, including service employees that are routine 
        operations workers or routine maintenance workers, who are not 
        covered under subsection (a) and are employed by contractors or 
        subcontractors on projects assisted in whole or in part under 
        section 103, 114, 125, 126, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 
        147, 148, 149, 150, 169, 170, 171, or 172, or part II of this 
        subtitle, without regard to the form or type of Federal 
        assistance provided under such section or part, shall be paid a 
        wage and fringe benefits that are not less than the minimum 
        wage and fringe benefits established in accordance with chapter 
        67 of title 41, United States Code (commonly known as the 
        ``Service Contract Act'').
            (2) Definition of service employee.--In this subsection, 
        the term ``service employee''--
                    (A) means an individual engaged in the performance 
                of a project assisted in whole or in part under section 
                103, 114, 125, 126, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 
                146, 147, 148, 149, 169, 170, 171, or 172, or part II 
                of this subtitle, without regard to the form or type of 
                Federal assistance provided under such section or part, 
                the principal purpose of which is to furnish services 
                in the United States;
                    (B) includes an individual without regard to any 
                contractual relationship alleged to exist between the 
                individual and a contractor or subcontractor; but
                    (C) does not include an individual employed in a 
                bona fide executive, administrative, or professional 
                capacity, as those terms are defined in part 541 of 
                title 29, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (3) Authority.--With respect to paragraphs (1) and (2), the 
        Secretary of Labor shall have the authority and functions set 
        forth in chapter 67 of title 41, United States Code.
    (c) Minimum Wage and Overtime.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
of law, for fiscal year 2021 and each fiscal year thereafter, all 
employees who are not covered under subsection (a) and are employed, 
including such employees employed by contractors or subcontractors, on 
projects assisted in whole or in part under section 103, 114, 125, 126, 
131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 138, 147, 148, 149, 150, 169, 170, 171, 
or 172, or part II of this subtitle, without regard to the form or type 
of Federal assistance provided under such section or part, shall be 
paid a wage of not less than $15 per hour and receive overtime pay of 
one-and-one-half times their regular rate of pay for all hours worked 
in excess of 40 hours per workweek if they are paid at a rate of less 
than $51,000 on an annual basis.

SEC. 152. COVID-19 CRITICAL MEDICAL SUPPLY CHAIN TRANSPARENCY.

    (a) Oversight of Current Activity and Needs.--
            (1) Response to immediate needs.--Not later than 60 days 
        after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Administrator 
        of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, in coordination 
        with the Director of the Defense Logistics Agency, the 
        Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of 
        Veterans Affairs, and heads of other Federal agencies (as 
        appropriate), shall submit to the appropriate congressional 
        committees a report assessing the immediate needs described in 
        paragraph (2) to combat the COVID-19 pandemic and the plan for 
        meeting those immediate needs.
            (2) Assessment.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) an assessment of the amount of critical 
                supplies necessary to address the needs of the 
                population of the United States infected by the virus 
                SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 and to prevent further 
                spread of COVID-19 throughout the United States;
                    (B) based on best available scientific and 
                epidemiological evidence and meaningful consultations 
                with relevant stakeholders and scientific experts, an 
                assessment of the need for personal protective 
                equipment, durable medical equipment, and other 
                critical supplies required by--
                            (i) health professionals, health workers, 
                        and staff in health care settings;
                            (ii) workers in industries and sectors 
                        described in the ``Advisory Memorandum on 
                        Identification of Essential Critical 
                        Infrastructure Workers during the COVID-19 
                        Response'' issued by the Director of 
                        Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security 
                        Agency of the Department of Homeland Security 
                        on April 17, 2020 (and any expansion of 
                        industries and sectors included in updates to 
                        such advisory memorandum); and
                            (iii) other workers determined to be 
                        essential based on such consultation and review 
                        of evidence;
                    (C) an assessment of the quantities of critical 
                supplies in working order and the quantities of such 
                supplies in need of repair and refurbishment in the 
                Strategic National Stockpile (established under section 
                319F-2 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
                247d-6b(a)(1))) as of the date of the report, and the 
                projected gap between the quantities of critical 
                supplies identified as needed in the assessments under 
                subparagraphs (A) and (B) and the quantities of such 
                supplies in the Strategic National Stockpile;
                    (D) an identification of the industry sectors and 
                manufacturers most ready to fulfill purchase orders for 
                such supplies (including manufacturers that may be 
                incentivized) through the exercise of authority under 
                section 303(e) of the Defense Production Act of 1950 
                (50 U.S.C. 4533(e)) to modify, expand, or improve 
                production processes to manufacture such supplies to 
                respond immediately to a need identified in 
                subparagraph (A) or (B);
                    (E) an identification of Federal Government-owned 
                and non-Federal Government-owned (including privately 
                owned) stockpiles of critical supplies not included in 
                the Strategic National Stockpile, and an assessment of 
                the quantities of such supplies that are in working 
                order and the quantities of such supplies that could be 
                repaired or refurbished;
                    (F) an identification of previously distributed 
                critical supplies that can be redistributed based on 
                current need;
                    (G) a description of any exercise of the 
                authorities under the Defense Production Act of 1950 
                (50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.) that relate to the procurement 
                of critical supplies; and
                    (H) an identification of critical areas of need, by 
                county and by areas identified by the Indian Health 
                Service, in the United States and the metrics and 
                criteria for identification as a critical area.
            (3) Plan.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include a plan for meeting the immediate needs to combat the 
        COVID-19 pandemic, including each need and gap identified 
        through the assessment under paragraph (2). Such plan shall 
        include--
                    (A) a list of each contract the Federal Government 
                has entered into to meet such needs, including the 
                purpose of each contract, the type and amount of 
                equipment, supplies, or services to be provided under 
                the contract, the entity fulfilling such contract, and 
                the dollar amount of each contract;
                    (B) a list of each contract that the Federal 
                Government intends to enter into within 14 days after 
                submission of such report, including the information 
                described in paragraph (2) for each such contract; and
                    (C) whether any of the contracts described in 
                subparagraph (A) or (B) have or will have a priority 
                rating under the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 
                U.S.C. 4501 et seq.), including purchase orders 
                pursuant to Department of Defense Directive 4400.1, 
                part 101, subpart A of title 45, Code of Federal 
                Regulations, or any other applicable authority.
            (4) Additional requirements.--The report required by 
        paragraph (1), and each update required by paragraph (5), shall 
        include--
                    (A) a list of any requests for critical supplies 
                from State or local governments and Indian Tribes, and 
                an accompanying list of the employers and unions and 
                other stakeholders consulted in developing these 
                requests;
                    (B) a detailed description and explanation of data 
                sources and any modeling or formulas used to determine 
                allocation of critical supplies, and any discrepancies 
                between such supplies requested as described in 
                subparagraph (A) and such supplies provided in all 
                allocations;
                    (C) the date, amount and destination of such 
                supplies requested under subparagraph (A) delivered;
                    (D) an explanation of why any portion of any 
                contract, whether to replenish the Strategic National 
                Stockpile or otherwise, will not be filled;
                    (E) a list of products procured pursuant to a 
                contract described in paragraph (3)(A), the percentage 
                of such products that are used to replenish the 
                Strategic National Stockpile, that are targeted to 
                COVID-19 hotspots, and that are used for the commercial 
                market;
                    (F) metrics, formulas, and criteria used to 
                determine COVID-19 hotspots or areas of critical need 
                for a State, county, or an area identified by the 
                Indian Health Service;
                    (G) production and procurement benchmarks, where 
                practicable;
                    (H) a description of the range of prices for 
                critical supplies that are subject to shortages, 
                purchased by, transported by, or otherwise known to, 
                the Federal Government, identifying all such prices 
                that exceed the prevailing market prices of such 
                supplies prior to March 1, 2020, and any actions taken 
                by the Federal Government under section 102 of the 
                Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4512) or 
                other provisions of law to prevent hoarding of such 
                supplies and charging of such increased prices between 
                March 1, 2020, and the date of the submission of the 
                first report required by paragraph (1), and, for all 
                subsequent reports, within each reporting period; and
                    (I) results of the consultation with the relevant 
                stakeholders required by paragraph (2)(B).
            (5) Updates.--The Administrator of the Federal Emergency 
        Management Agency, in coordination with Director of the Defense 
        Logistics Agency, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
        the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, and heads of other Federal 
        agencies (as appropriate), shall update such report every 
        quarter.
            (6) Public availability.--The Administrator of the Federal 
        Emergency Management Agency shall make the report required by 
        this subsection, including each update required by paragraph 
        (5) available to the public, including on a publicly accessible 
        website of the Federal Government.
            (7) Sunset.--The requirements of this subsection shall 
        terminate on the later of--
                    (A) December 31, 2021; or
                    (B) the end of the COVID-19 emergency period.
    (b) Reporting on Exercise of Authorities Under the Defense 
Production Act of 1950.--
            (1) Report required.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days 
                thereafter, the Administrator of the Federal Emergency 
                Management Agency, in consultation with the Secretary 
                of Defense, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
                and the Defense Production Act Committee, shall submit 
                to the appropriate congressional committees a report on 
                the exercise of authorities under the Defense 
                Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.) during 
                the period specified in subparagraph (C).
                    (B) Elements.--Each report required by subparagraph 
                (A) shall include, with respect to each exercise of 
                authority under the Defense Production Act of 1950 
                included in the report--
                            (i) an explanation of the purpose of the 
                        applicable contract, purchase order, or other 
                        exercise of authority (including an allocation 
                        of materials, services, and facilities under 
                        section 101(a)(2) of the Defense Production Act 
                        of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4511(a)(2));
                            (ii) the cost of the exercise of authority; 
                        and
                            (iii) if applicable--
                                    (I) the amount of goods that were 
                                purchased or allocated;
                                    (II) an identification of the 
                                entity awarded a contract or purchase 
                                order or that was the subject of the 
                                exercise of authority; and
                                    (III) an identification of any 
                                entity that had shipments delayed by 
                                the exercise of authority.
                    (C) Period specified.--The period specified in this 
                paragraph is--
                            (i) in the case of the first report 
                        required by subparagraph (A), the period 
                        beginning on the date of the enactment of this 
                        Act and ending on the date on which the report 
                        is required to be submitted; and
                            (ii) in the case of each subsequent report 
                        required by subparagraph (A), the 90-day period 
                        preceding the date on which the report is 
                        required to be submitted.
                    (D) Public availability.--The Administrator of the 
                Federal Emergency Management Agency shall make each 
                report required by subparagraph (A) available to the 
                public, including by posting the report on a publicly 
                accessible internet website of the Federal Government.
            (2) Quarterly reporting on expenditures.--Not less 
        frequently than every 90 days, the President shall submit to 
        Congress, and make available to the public (including through 
        posting on a publicly accessible internet website of the 
        Federal Government), a report detailing all expenditures made 
        pursuant to the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4501 
        et seq.) during the 90 days preceding the date of the report.
            (3) Sunset.--The requirements of this subsection shall 
        terminate on the later of--
                    (A) December 31, 2021; or
                    (B) the end of the COVID-19 emergency period.
    (c) GAO Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 270 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a report on ensuring that 
        the Federal Government has access to the medical supplies and 
        equipment necessary to respond to future pandemics and public 
        health emergencies, including recommendations with respect to 
        how to ensure that the United States supply chain for 
        diagnostic tests (including serological tests) and testing 
        supplies, personal protective equipment, vaccines (including 
        ancillary supplies), therapies, and other medical supplies is 
        better equipped to respond to emergencies, including through 
        the use of funds in the Defense Production Act Fund under 
        section 304 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 
        4534) to address shortages in that supply chain.
            (2) Review of assessment and plan.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 30 days after each 
                of the submission of the reports described in 
                subsections (a) and (b), the Comptroller General of the 
                United States shall submit to the appropriate 
                congressional committees an assessment of such reports, 
                including identifying any gaps in the content of the 
                reports and providing any recommendations to address 
                any identified gaps in such reports.
                    (B) Monthly review.--Not later than a month after 
                the submission of the assessment under subparagraph 
                (A), and monthly thereafter, the Comptroller General 
                shall issue a report to the appropriate congressional 
                committees with respect to any updates to the reports 
                described in subsections (a) and (b) that were issued 
                during the previous 1-month period, containing an 
                assessment of such updates, including identifying any 
                gaps in the content of such updates and providing any 
                recommendations to address any identified gaps in such 
                updates.
    (d) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committees 
        on Appropriations, Armed Services, Energy and Commerce, 
        Financial Services, Homeland Security, Transportation and 
        Infrastructure, and Veterans' Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committees on Appropriations, Armed 
        Services, Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, Health, 
        Education, Labor, and Pensions, Homeland Security and 
        Governmental Affairs, and Veterans' Affairs of the Senate.
            (2) COVID-19 emergency period.--The term ``COVID-19 
        emergency period'' means the period beginning on the date of 
        enactment of this Act and ending after the end of the incident 
        period for the emergency declared on March 13, 2020, by the 
        President under Section 501 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster 
        Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 4121 et seq.) 
        relating to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
            (3) Critical supplies.--The term ``critical supplies'' 
        means drugs, vaccines and other biological products, and 
        medical devices used for the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, 
        prevention, or treatment of COVID-19, including personal 
        protective equipment, therapeutics, ventilators, medicines 
        required in conjunction with the use of ventilators, and 
        diagnostic tests.
            (4) Relevant stakeholder.--The term ``relevant 
        stakeholder'' means--
                    (A) a representative private sector entity;
                    (B) a representative of the nonprofit sector; or
                    (C) a representative of a labor organization 
                representing workers, including a union that represents 
                health workers, manufacturers, public sector employees, 
                or service sector workers.
            (5) State.--The term ``State'' means each of the several 
        States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto 
        Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States.

            PART II--SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING INCENTIVES

SEC. 153. SEMICONDUCTOR INCENTIVE GRANTS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Select Committee on Intelligence, the 
                Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the 
                Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on Armed 
                Services, the Committee on Appropriations, the 
                Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and 
                the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental 
                Affairs of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, 
                the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on 
                Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, the 
                Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the 
                Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Financial 
                Services, and the Committee on Homeland Security of the 
                House of Representatives.
            (2) Covered entity.--The term ``covered entity'' means a 
        private entity, a consortium of private entities, or a 
        consortium of public and private entities with a demonstrated 
        ability to construct, expand, or modernize a facility relating 
        to the fabrication, assembly, testing, advanced packaging, or 
        advanced research and development of semiconductors.
            (3) Covered incentive.--The term ``covered incentive''--
                    (A) means an incentive offered by a governmental 
                entity to a covered entity for the purposes of 
                constructing within the jurisdiction of the 
                governmental entity, or expanding or modernizing an 
                existing facility within that jurisdiction, a facility 
                described in paragraph (2); and
                    (B) includes any tax incentive (such as an 
                incentive or reduction with respect to employment or 
                payroll taxes or a tax abatement with respect to 
                personal or real property), a workforce-related 
                incentive (including a grant agreement relating to 
                workforce training or vocational education), any 
                concession with respect to real property, funding for 
                research and development with respect to 
                semiconductors, and any other incentive determined 
                appropriate by the Secretary, in consultation with the 
                Secretary of State.
            (4) Foreign adversary.--The term ``foreign adversary'' 
        means any foreign government or foreign nongovernment person 
        that is engaged in a long-term pattern, or is involved in a 
        serious instance, of conduct that is significantly adverse to--
                    (A) the national security of the United States or 
                an ally of the United States; or
                    (B) the security and safety of United States 
                persons.
            (5) Governmental entity.--The term ``governmental entity'' 
        means a State or local government.
            (6) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
        of Commerce.
            (7) Semiconductor.--The term ``semiconductor'' has the 
        meaning given the term by the Secretary.
    (b) Grant Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish in the 
        Department of Commerce a program that, in accordance with the 
        requirements of this section, awards grants to covered 
        entities.
            (2) Procedure.--
                    (A) Application.--A covered entity seeking a grant 
                under paragraph (1) shall submit to the Secretary an 
                application therefor that describes the project for 
                which the covered entity is seeking the grant.
                    (B) Eligibility.--In order for a covered entity to 
                qualify for a grant under paragraph (1), the covered 
                entity shall demonstrate to the Secretary, in the 
                application submitted by the covered entity under 
                subparagraph (A), that--
                            (i) the covered entity has a documented 
                        interest in constructing, expanding, or 
                        modernizing a facility described in subsection 
                        (a)(2);
                            (ii) with respect to the project described 
                        in clause (i), the covered entity has--
                                    (I) been offered a covered 
                                incentive;
                                    (II) made commitments to worker and 
                                community investment, including 
                                through--
                                            (aa) training and education 
                                        benefits paid by the covered 
                                        entity; and
                                            (bb) programs to expand 
                                        employment opportunity for 
                                        economically disadvantaged 
                                        individuals; and
                                    (III) secured commitments from 
                                regional educational and training 
                                entities and institutions of higher 
                                education to provide workforce 
                                training, including programming for 
                                training and job placement of 
                                economically disadvantaged individuals; 
                                and
                            (iii) the covered entity demonstrates that 
                        it is responsive to the national security needs 
                        or requirements established by the intelligence 
                        community (as defined in section 3 of the 
                        National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
                        3003)), an element of the intelligence 
                        community, or the Department of Defense.
                    (C) Considerations for review.--With respect to the 
                review by the Secretary of an application submitted by 
                a covered entity under subparagraph (A)--
                            (i) the Secretary may not approve the 
                        application unless the Secretary--
                                    (I) confirms that the covered 
                                entity has satisfied the eligibility 
                                criteria under subparagraph (B); and
                                    (II) determines that the project to 
                                which the application relates is in the 
                                interest of the United States; and
                            (ii) the Secretary may consider whether--
                                    (I) the covered entity has 
                                previously received a grant made under 
                                this subsection; and
                                    (II) the governmental entity 
                                offering the applicable covered 
                                incentive has benefitted from a grant 
                                previously made under this subsection.
            (3) Amount.--The amount of a grant awarded by the Secretary 
        to a covered entity under paragraph (1) shall be in an amount 
        that is not more than $3,000,000,000.
            (4) Use of funds.--A covered entity that receives a grant 
        under paragraph (1) may only use the amount of the grant--
                    (A) to finance the construction, expansion, or 
                modernization of a state-of-the-art semiconductor 
                facility described in subsection (a)(2), as documented 
                in the application submitted by the covered entity 
                under paragraph (2)(A), or for similar uses in state of 
                practice and legacy facilities, as determined necessary 
                by the Secretary for purposes relating to the national 
                security and economic competitiveness of the United 
                States;
                    (B) to support workforce development for the 
                facility described in subparagraph (A); or
                    (C) to support site development for the facility 
                described in subparagraph (A).
            (5) Clawback.--The Secretary shall recover the full amount 
        of a grant provided to a covered entity under this subsection 
        if--
                    (A) as of the date that is 5 years after the date 
                on which the Secretary awards the grant, the project to 
                which the grant relates has not been completed, except 
                that the Secretary may issue a waiver with respect to 
                the requirement under this subparagraph if the 
                Secretary determines that issuing such a waiver is 
                appropriate and in the interests of the United States; 
                or
                    (B) during the applicable term with respect to the 
                grant, the covered entity engages in any joint research 
                or technology licensing effort--
                            (i) with the Government of China, the 
                        Government of the Russian Federation, the 
                        Government of Iran, the Government of North 
                        Korea, or another foreign adversary; and
                            (ii) that relates to a technology or 
                        product that raises national security concerns, 
                        as determined by the Secretary.
    (c) Consultation and Coordination Required.--In carrying out the 
program established under subsection (b)(1), the Secretary shall 
consult and coordinate with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of 
Defense, and the Director of National Intelligence.
    (d) Reviews by Comptroller General of the United States.--The 
Comptroller General of the United States shall--
            (1) not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment 
        of this Act, and biennially thereafter until the date that is 
        10 years after that date of the enactment of this Act, conduct 
        a review of the program established under subsection (b)(1), 
        which shall include, at a minimum--
                    (A) a determination of the number of instances in 
                which grants were provided under that subsection during 
                the period covered by the review in violation of a 
                requirement of this section;
                    (B) an evaluation of how--
                            (i) the program is being carried out, 
                        including how recipients of grants are being 
                        selected under the program; and
                            (ii) other Federal programs are leveraged 
                        for manufacturing, research, and training to 
                        complement the grants awarded under the 
                        program; and
                    (C) a description of the outcomes of projects 
                supported by grants made under the program, including a 
                description of--
                            (i) facilities described in subsection 
                        (a)(2) that were constructed, expanded, or 
                        modernized as a result of grants made under the 
                        program;
                            (ii) research and development carried out 
                        with grants made under the program; and
                            (iii) workforce training programs carried 
                        out with grants made under the program, 
                        including efforts to hire individuals from 
                        disadvantaged populations; and
            (2) submit to the appropriate committees of Congress the 
        results of each review conducted under paragraph (1).
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $15,000,000,000 
for fiscal year 2021, which shall remain available until September 30, 
2031.

SEC. 154. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE INVESTMENT IN THE MICROELECTRONICS 
              INDUSTRY.

    (a) Department of Defense Efforts.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense shall, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security, and the Director of National Intelligence, 
        work with the private sector through a public-private 
        partnership, including by incentivizing the formation of a 
        consortium of semiconductor companies in the United States, to 
        ensure the development and production of advanced, measurably 
        secure microelectronics for use by the Department of Defense, 
        the intelligence community, critical infrastructure sectors, 
        and other national security applications. Such work may include 
        providing incentives for the creation, expansion, or 
        modernization of one or more commercially competitive and 
        sustainable microelectronics manufacturing or advanced research 
        and development facilities.
            (2) Risk mitigation requirements.--A participant in a 
        consortium formed with incentives under paragraph (1) shall--
                    (A) have the potential to perform design, 
                fabrication, assembly, package, or test functions for 
                microelectronics deemed critical to national security 
                as defined by the National Security Adviser and the 
                Secretary of Defense;
                    (B) include management processes to identify and 
                mitigate supply chain security risks; and
                    (C) be able to produce microelectronics consistent 
                with applicable measurably secure supply chain and 
                operational security standards established under 
                section 224(b) of the National Defense Authorization 
                Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92).
            (3) National security considerations.--The Secretary of 
        Defense and the Director of National Intelligence shall select 
        participants for the consortium formed with incentives under 
        paragraph (1). In selecting such participants, the Secretary 
        and the Director may jointly consider whether the United States 
        companies--
                    (A) have participated in previous programs and 
                projects of the Department of Defense, Department of 
                Energy, or the intelligence community, including--
                            (i) the Trusted Integrated Circuit program 
                        of the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects 
                        Activity;
                            (ii) trusted and assured microelectronics 
                        projects, as administered by the Department of 
                        Defense;
                            (iii) the Electronics Resurgence Initiative 
                        (ERI) program of the Defense Advanced Research 
                        Projects Agency; or
                            (iv) relevant semiconductor research 
                        programs of Advanced Research Projects Agency-
                        Energy;
                    (B) have demonstrated an ongoing commitment to 
                performing contracts for the Department of Defense and 
                the intelligence community;
                    (C) are approved by the Defense Counterintelligence 
                and Security Agency or the Office of the Director of 
                National Intelligence as presenting an acceptable 
                security risk, taking into account supply chain 
                assurance vulnerabilities, counterintelligence risks, 
                and any risks presented by companies whose owners are 
                located outside the United States; and
                    (D) are evaluated periodically for foreign 
                ownership, control, or influence by foreign 
                adversaries.
            (4) Nontraditional defense contractors and commercial 
        entities.--Arrangements entered into to carry out paragraph (1) 
        shall be in such form as the Secretary of Defense determines 
        appropriate to encourage industry participation of 
        nontraditional defense contractors or commercial entities and 
        may include a contract, a grant, a cooperative agreement, a 
        commercial agreement, the use of other transaction authority 
        under section 2371 of title 10, United States Code, or another 
        such arrangement.
            (5) Discharge.--The Secretary of Defense shall carry out 
        paragraph (1) jointly through the Office of the Under Secretary 
        of Defense for Research and Engineering and the Office of the 
        Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, or 
        such other component of the Department of Defense as the 
        Secretary considers appropriate.
            (6) Other initiatives.--The Secretary of Defense shall 
        dedicate initiatives within the Department of Defense to 
        advance radio frequency, mixed signal, radiation tolerant, and 
        radiation hardened microelectronics that support national 
        security and dual-use applications.
            (7) Reports.--
                    (A) Report by secretary of defense.--Not later than 
                90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, 
                the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a 
                report on the plans of the Secretary to carry out 
                paragraph (1).
                    (B) Biennial reports by comptroller general of the 
                united states.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
                which the Secretary submits the report required by 
                subparagraph (A) and not less frequently than once 
                every 2 years thereafter for a period of 10 years, the 
                Comptroller General of the United States shall submit 
                to Congress a report on the activities carried out 
                under this subsection.
    (b) Defense Production Act of 1950 Efforts.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to 
        Congress a report on a plan for use by the Department of 
        Defense of authorities available in title III of the Defense 
        Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4531 et seq.) to establish 
        and enhance a domestic production capability for 
        microelectronics technologies and related technologies, subject 
        to the availability of appropriations for that purpose.
            (2) Consultation.--The President shall develop the plan 
        required by paragraph (1) in coordination with the Secretary of 
        Defense, and in consultation with the Secretary of State, the 
        Secretary of Commerce, and appropriate stakeholders in the 
        private sector.
    (c) Department of Defense Requirements for Sourcing From Domestic 
Microelectronics Design and Foundry Services.--
            (1) Requirements required.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, in 
        coordination with the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security, and the Director of National Intelligence, 
        shall establish requirements, standards, and a timeline for 
        enforcement of such requirements, to the extent possible, for 
        domestic sourcing for microelectronics design and foundry 
        services, and for commercial microelectronics products, by 
        programs, contractors, subcontractors, and other recipients of 
        funding from the Department of Defense, Department of Energy, 
        Department of Homeland Security, and the Director of National 
        Intelligence.
            (2) Processes for waivers.--The requirements established 
        under paragraph (1) shall include processes to permit waivers 
        for specific contracts or transactions for domestic sourcing 
        requirements based on cost, availability, severity of technical 
        and mission requirements, emergency requirements and 
        operational needs, other legal or international treaty 
        obligations, or other factors.
            (3) Updates.--Not less frequently than once each year, the 
        Secretary shall--
                    (A) update the requirements and timelines 
                established under paragraph (1) and the processes under 
                paragraph (2); and
                    (B) submit to Congress a report on the updates made 
                under subparagraph (A).

SEC. 155. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STUDY ON STATUS OF MICROELECTRONICS 
              TECHNOLOGIES IN THE UNITED STATES INDUSTRIAL BASE.

    (a) In General.--Commencing not later than 120 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Commerce and the 
Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of 
Defense and the heads of other appropriate Federal departments and 
agencies, shall undertake a review, which shall include a survey, using 
authorities in section 705 of the Defense Production Act (50 U.S.C. 
4555), to assess the capabilities of the United States industrial base 
to support the national defense in light of the global nature of the 
supply chain and significant interdependencies between the United 
States industrial base and the industrial base of foreign countries 
with respect to the manufacture, design, and end use of 
microelectronics.
    (b) Response to Survey.--The Secretary shall ensure compliance with 
the survey from among all relevant potential respondents, including the 
following:
            (1) Corporations, partnerships, associations, or any other 
        organized groups domiciled and with substantial operations in 
        the United States.
            (2) Corporations, partnerships, associations, or any other 
        organized groups domiciled in the United States with operations 
        outside the United States.
            (3) Foreign domiciled corporations, partnerships, 
        associations, or any other organized groups with substantial 
        operations or business presence in, or substantial revenues 
        derived from, the United States.
            (4) Foreign domiciled corporations, partnerships, 
        associations, or any other organized groups in defense treaty 
        or assistance countries where the production of the entity 
        concerned involves critical technologies.
    (c) Information Requested.--The information sought from a 
responding entity pursuant to the survey required by subsection (a) 
shall include, at minimum, information on the following with respect to 
the manufacture, design, or end use of microelectronics by such entity:
            (1) An identification of the geographic scope of 
        operations.
            (2) Information on relevant cost structures.
            (3) An identification of types of microelectronics 
        development, manufacture, assembly, test, and packaging 
        equipment in operation at such entity.
            (4) An identification of all relevant intellectual 
        property, raw materials, and semi-finished goods and components 
        sourced domestically and abroad by such entity.
            (5) Specifications of the microelectronics manufactured or 
        designed by such entity, descriptions of the end-uses of such 
        microelectronics, and a description of any technical support 
        provided to end-users of such microelectronics by such entity.
            (6) Information on domestic and export market sales by such 
        entity.
            (7) Information on the financial performance, including 
        income and expenditures, of such entity.
            (8) A list of all foreign and domestic subsidies, and any 
        other financial incentives, received by such entity in each 
        market in which such entity operates.
            (9) A list of information requests from the Government of 
        China to such entity, and a description of the nature of each 
        request and the type of information provided.
            (10) Information on any joint ventures, technology 
        licensing agreements, and cooperative research or production 
        arrangements of such entity.
            (11) A description of efforts by such entity to evaluate 
        and control supply chain risks it faces.
            (12) A list and description of any sales, licensing 
        agreements, or partnerships between such entity and the 
        People's Liberation Army or People's Armed Police, including 
        any business relationships with entities through which such 
        sales, licensing agreements, or partnerships may occur.
    (d) Report.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Commerce shall, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
        Homeland Security, and the heads of other appropriate Federal 
        departments and agencies, submit to Congress a report on the 
        results of the review required by subsection (a). The report 
        shall include the following:
                    (A) An assessment of the results of the survey.
                    (B) A list of critical technology areas impacted by 
                potential disruptions in production of 
                microelectronics, and a detailed description and 
                assessment of the impact of such potential disruptions 
                on such areas.
                    (C) A description and assessment of gaps and 
                vulnerabilities in the microelectronics supply chain 
                and the national industrial supply base.
            (2) Form.--The report required by paragraph (1) may be 
        submitted in classified form.

SEC. 156. MULTILATERAL MICROELECTRONICS SECURITY FUND.

    (a) Multilateral Microelectronics Security Fund.--
            (1) Establishment of fund.--There is established in the 
        Treasury of the United States a trust fund, to be known as the 
        ``Multilateral Microelectronics Security Fund'' (in this 
        section referred to as the ``Fund''), consisting of amounts 
        deposited into the Fund under paragraph (2) and any amounts 
        that may be credited to the Fund under paragraph (3).
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated $750,000,000 to be deposited in the Fund.
            (3) Investment of amounts.--
                    (A) Investment of amounts.--The Secretary of the 
                Treasury shall invest such portion of the Fund as is 
                not required to meet current withdrawals in interest-
                bearing obligations of the United States or in 
                obligations guaranteed as to both principal and 
                interest by the United States.
                    (B) Interest and proceeds.--The interest on, and 
                the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, any 
                obligations held in the Fund shall be credited to and 
                form a part of the Fund.
            (4) Use of fund.--
                    (A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), 
                amounts in the Fund shall be available, as provided in 
                advance in an appropriations Act, to the Secretary of 
                State--
                            (i) to provide funding through the common 
                        funding mechanism described in subsection 
                        (b)(1) to support the development and adoption 
                        of measurably secure microelectronics and 
                        measurably secure microelectronics supply 
                        chains; and
                            (ii) to otherwise carry out this section.
                    (B) Availability contingent on international 
                agreement.--Amounts in the Fund shall be available to 
                the Secretary of State on and after the date on which 
                the Secretary enters into an agreement with the 
                governments of countries that are partners of the 
                United States to participate in the common funding 
                mechanism under paragraph (1) of subsection (b) and the 
                commitments described in paragraph (2) of that 
                subsection.
            (5) Availability of amounts.--
                    (A) In general.--Amounts in the Fund shall remain 
                available through the end of the tenth fiscal year 
                beginning after the date of the enactment of this Act.
                    (B) Remainder to treasury.--Any amounts remaining 
                in the Fund after the end of the fiscal year described 
                in subparagraph (A) shall be deposited in the general 
                fund of the Treasury.
    (b) Common Funding Mechanism for Development and Adoption of 
Measurably Secure Microelectronics and Measurably Secure 
Microelectronics Supply Chains.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in consultation 
        with the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Defense, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security, the Secretary of the Treasury, 
        and the Director of National Intelligence, shall seek to 
        establish a common funding mechanism, in coordination with the 
        governments of countries that are partners of the United 
        States, that uses amounts from the Fund, and amounts committed 
        by such governments, to support the development and adoption of 
        secure microelectronics and secure microelectronics supply 
        chains, including for use in research and development 
        collaborations among countries participating in the common 
        funding mechanism.
            (2) Mutual commitments.--The Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the United States Trade Representative, the 
        Secretary of the Treasury, and the Secretary of Commerce, shall 
        seek to negotiate a set of mutual commitments with the 
        governments of countries that are partners of the United States 
        upon which to condition any expenditure of funds pursuant to 
        the common funding mechanism described in paragraph (1). Such 
        commitments shall, at a minimum--
                    (A) establish transparency requirements for any 
                subsidies or other financial benefits (including 
                revenue foregone) provided to microelectronics firms 
                located in or outside such countries;
                    (B) establish consistent policies with respect to 
                countries that--
                            (i) are not participating in the common 
                        funding mechanism; and
                            (ii) do not meet transparency requirements 
                        established under subparagraph (A);
                    (C) promote harmonized treatment of 
                microelectronics and verification processes for items 
                being exported to a country considered a national 
                security risk by a country participating in the common 
                funding mechanism;
                    (D) establish consistent policies and common 
                external policies to address nonmarket economies as the 
                behavior of such countries pertains to 
                microelectronics;
                    (E) align policies on supply chain integrity and 
                microelectronics security, including with respect to 
                protection and enforcement of intellectual property 
                rights; and
                    (F) promote harmonized foreign direct investment 
                screening measures with respect to microelectronics to 
                align with national and multilateral security 
                priorities.
    (c) Annual Report to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for each 
fiscal year during which amounts in the Fund are available under 
subsection (a)(5), the Secretary of State shall submit to Congress a 
report on the status of the implementation of this section that 
includes a description of--
            (1) any commitments made by the governments of countries 
        that are partners of the United States to providing funding for 
        the common funding mechanism described in subsection (b)(1) and 
        the specific amount so committed;
            (2) the criteria established for expenditure of funds 
        through the common funding mechanism;
            (3) how, and to whom, amounts have been expended from the 
        Fund;
            (4) amounts remaining in the Fund;
            (5) the progress of the Secretary of State toward entering 
        into an agreement with the governments of countries that are 
        partners of the United States to participate in the common 
        funding mechanism and the commitments described in subsection 
        (b)(2); and
            (6) any additional authorities needed to enhance the 
        effectiveness of the Fund in achieving the security goals of 
        the United States.

SEC. 157. ADVANCED SEMICONDUCTOR RESEARCH AND DESIGN.

    (a) Appropriate Committees of Congress.--In this section, the term 
``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Select Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Foreign 
        Relations, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Energy and Natural Resources, the Committee on Appropriations, 
        the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the 
        Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, and the 
        Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs of the 
        Senate; and
            (2) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, the 
        Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on Foreign 
        Affairs, the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
        Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Financial 
        Services, the Committee on Education and Labor, and the 
        Committee on Homeland Security of the House of Representatives.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
leadership of the United States in semiconductor technology and 
innovation is critical to the economic growth and national security of 
the United States.
    (c) Subcommittee on Semiconductor Leadership.--
            (1) Establishment required.--The President shall establish 
        in the National Science and Technology Council a subcommittee 
        on matters relating to leadership of the United States in 
        semiconductor technology and innovation.
            (2) Duties.--The duties of the subcommittee established 
        under paragraph (1) are as follows:
                    (A) National strategy on semiconductor research.--
                            (i) Development.--In coordination with the 
                        Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, 
                        the Secretary of State, the Secretary of 
                        Commerce, the Secretary of Homeland Security, 
                        the Secretary of Labor, the Director of the 
                        National Science Foundation, and the Director 
                        of the National Institute of Standards and 
                        Technology and in consultation with the 
                        semiconductor industry and academia, develop a 
                        national strategy on semiconductor research, 
                        development, design, manufacturing, and supply 
                        chain security, including guidance for the 
                        funding of research, and strengthening of the 
                        domestic microelectronics workforce.
                            (ii) Reporting and updates.--Not less 
                        frequently than once every 5 years, to update 
                        the strategy developed under clause (i) and to 
                        submit the revised strategy to the appropriate 
                        committees of Congress.
                            (iii) Implementation.--In coordination with 
                        the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of 
                        Energy, the Secretary of State, the Secretary 
                        of Commerce, the Secretary of Homeland 
                        Security, the Director of the National Science 
                        Foundation, and the Director of the National 
                        Institute of Standards and Technology, on an 
                        annual basis coordinate and recommend each 
                        agency's semiconductor related research and 
                        development programs and budgets to ensure 
                        consistency with the National Semiconductor 
                        Strategy.
                    (B) Fostering coordination of research and 
                development.--To foster the coordination of 
                semiconductor research and development.
            (3) Sunset.--The subcommittee established under paragraph 
        (1) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the date 
        of enactment of this Act.
    (d) Industrial Advisory Committee.--The President shall establish a 
standing subcommittee of the President's Council of Advisors on Science 
and Technology to advise the United States Government on matters 
relating to microelectronics policy.
    (e) National Semiconductor Technology Center.--
            (1) Establishment.--The Secretary of Commerce shall 
        establish a national semiconductor technology center to conduct 
        research and prototyping of advanced semiconductor technology 
        to strengthen the economic competitiveness and security of the 
        domestic supply chain, which will be operated as a public 
        private-sector consortium with participation from the private 
        sector, the Department of Defense, the Department of Energy, 
        the Department of Homeland Security, the National Science 
        Foundation, and the National Institute of Standards and 
        Technology.
            (2) Functions.--The functions of the center established 
        under paragraph (1) shall be as follows:
                    (A) To conduct advanced semiconductor 
                manufacturing, design, and packaging research and 
                prototyping that strengthens the entire domestic 
                ecosystem and is aligned with the National Strategy on 
                Semiconductor Research.
                    (B) To establish, as part of the center established 
                under paragraph (1) and in collaboration with Director 
                of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 
                a National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program 
                that operates in coordination with the center, to 
                strengthen semiconductor advanced design, test, 
                assembly, and packaging capability in the domestic 
                ecosystem, and which shall coordinate with the 
                Manufacturing USA institute established under paragraph 
                (4).
                    (C) To establish an investment fund, in partnership 
                with the private sector, that will support startups and 
                collaborations between startups, academia, and 
                established companies with the goal of commercializing 
                innovations that contribute to the domestic 
                semiconductor industry.
                    (D) To establish a Semiconductor Manufacturing 
                Program through the Director of the National Institute 
                of Standards and Technology to enable advances and 
                breakthroughs in measurement science, standards, 
                material characterization, instrumentation, testing, 
                and manufacturing capabilities that will accelerate the 
                underlying research and development for metrology of 
                next generation semiconductors and ensure the 
                competitiveness and leadership of the United States 
                within this sector.
                    (E) To work with the Secretary of Labor, the 
                Director of the National Science Foundation, the 
                Secretary of Energy, the private sector, educational 
                institutions, and workforce training entities to 
                develop workforce training programs and apprenticeships 
                in advanced microelectronic research, design, 
                fabrication, and packaging capabilities.
            (3) Components.--The fund established under paragraph 
        (2)(C) shall cover the following:
                    (A) Advanced metrology and characterization for 
                manufacturing of microchips using 3-nanometer 
                transistor processes or more advanced processes.
                    (B) Metrology for security and supply chain 
                verification.
            (4) Creation of a manufacturing usa institute.--The fund 
        established under paragraph (2)(C) may also cover the creation 
        of a Manufacturing USA institute described in section 34(d) of 
        the National Institute of Standards and Technology Act (15 
        U.S.C. 278s(d)) that is focused on semiconductor manufacturing. 
        Such institute may emphasize the following:
                    (A) Research to support the virtualization and 
                automation of maintenance of semiconductor machinery.
                    (B) Development of new advanced test, assembly and 
                packaging capabilities.
                    (C) Developing and deploying educational and skills 
                training curricula needed to support the industry 
                sector and ensure the United States can build and 
                maintain a trusted and predictable talent pipeline.
    (f) Authorizations of Appropriations.--
            (1) National semiconductor technology center.--There is 
        authorized to be appropriated to carry out subsection (e) 
        $9,050,000,000 for fiscal year 2021, with such amount to remain 
        available for such purpose through fiscal year 2030--
                    (A) of which, $3,000,000,000 shall be available to 
                carry out subsection (e)(2)(A);
                    (B) of which, $5,000,000,000 shall be available to 
                carry out subsection (e)(2)(B);
                    (C) of which, $500,000,000 shall be available to 
                carry out subsection (e)(2)(C);
                    (D) of which, $500,000,000 shall be available to 
                carry out subsection (e)(2)(D)--
                            (i) of which, $20,000,000 shall be 
                        available for each of fiscal years 2021 through 
                        2025 to carry out subsection (e)(3)(A);
                            (ii) of which, $20,000,000 shall be 
                        available for each of fiscal years 2021 through 
                        2025 to carry out subsection (e)(3)(B); and
                            (iii) of which, $50,000,000 shall be 
                        available for each of fiscal years 2021 through 
                        2025 to carry out subsection (e)(4); and
                    (E) of which, $50,000,000 shall be available to 
                carry out subsection (e)(2)(E).
            (2) Semiconductor research at national science 
        foundation.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry 
        out programs at the National Science Foundation on 
        semiconductor research in alignment with the National Strategy 
        on Semiconductor Research $1,500,000,000 for fiscal year 2021, 
        with such amount to remain available for such purpose through 
        fiscal year 2025.
            (3) Semiconductor research at department of energy.--There 
        is authorized to be appropriated to carry out programs at the 
        Department of Energy, including the National Laboratories, on 
        semiconductor research, in alignment with the National Strategy 
        on Semiconductor Research $2,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2021, 
        with such amount to remain available for such purpose through 
        fiscal year 2025.
            (4) Microelectronics research at the national institute of 
        standards and technology.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out microelectronics research at the 
        National Institute of Standards and Technology $250,000,000 for 
        fiscal year 2021, with such amount to remain available for such 
        purpose through fiscal year 2025.
            (5) Microelectronics semiconductor research at the defense 
        advanced research projects agency.--There is authorized to be 
        appropriated to carry out microelectronics research, such as 
        the Electronics Resurgence Initiative and the Microelectronics 
        Research Commons, at the Defense Advanced Research Projects 
        Agency, $2,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 to develop advanced 
        disruptive microelectronics technology, including research and 
        development to enable production at a volume required to 
        sustain a robust domestic microelectronics industry and 
        mitigate parts obsolescence, with such amount to remain 
        available for such purpose through fiscal year 2025.
            (6) Supplement not supplant.--The amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated under paragraphs (1) through (4) shall supplement 
        and not supplant amounts already appropriated to carry out the 
        purposes described in such paragraphs.
    (g) Domestic Production Requirements.--The head of any executive 
agency receiving funding under this section shall develop policies to 
require domestic production, to the extent possible, for any 
intellectual property resulting from microelectronics research and 
development conducted as a result of these funds and domestic control 
requirements to protect any such intellectual property from foreign 
adversaries.

SEC. 158. PROHIBITION ON ACCESS TO ASSISTANCE BY FOREIGN ADVERSARIES.

    None of the funds appropriated pursuant to an authorization in this 
part may be provided to an entity--
            (1) under the foreign ownership, control, or influence of 
        the Government of China or the Chinese Communist Party, or 
        other foreign adversary (as defined in section 153(a)(4)); or
            (2) determined to have beneficial ownership from foreign 
        individuals subject to the jurisdiction, direction, or 
        influence of foreign adversaries (as so defined).

        Subtitle E--Education and Countering Influence Campaigns

SEC. 161. FINDINGS ON CHINESE INFORMATION WARFARE AND MALIGN INFLUENCE 
              OPERATIONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) In the report to Congress required under section 
        1261(b) of the John S. McCain National Defense Authorization 
        Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232), the President 
        laid out a broad range of malign activities conducted by the 
        Government of China and its agents and entities, including--
                    (A) propaganda and disinformation, in which 
                ``Beijing communicates its narrative through state-run 
                television, print, radio, and online organizations 
                whose presence is proliferating in the United States 
                and around the world'';
                    (B) malign political influence operations, in which 
                ``front organizations and agents which target 
                businesses, universities, think tanks, scholars, 
                journalists, and local state and Federal officials in 
                the United States and around the world, attempting to 
                influence discourse''; and
                    (C) malign financial influence operations, 
                characterized as ``misappropriation of technology and 
                intellectual property, failure to appropriately 
                disclose relationships with foreign government 
                sponsored entities, breaches of contract and 
                confidentiality, and manipulation of processes for fair 
                and merit-based allocation of Federal research and 
                development funding''.
            (2) Chinese information warfare and malign influence 
        operations are ongoing. In January 2019, the Director of 
        National Intelligence, Dan Coats, stated, ``China will continue 
        to use legal, political, and economic levers--such as the lure 
        of Chinese markets--to shape the information environment. It is 
        also capable of using cyber attacks against systems in the 
        United States to censor or suppress viewpoints it deems 
        politically sensitive.''.
            (3) In February 2020, the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
        Investigation, Christopher Wray, testified to the Committee on 
        the Judiciary of the House of Representatives that the People's 
        Republic of China has ``very active maligned foreign influence 
        efforts in this country,'' with the goal of ``trying to shift 
        our policy and our public opinion to be more pro-China on a 
        variety of issues''.
            (4) The People's Republic of China's information warfare 
        and malign influence operations continue to adopt new tactics 
        and evolve in sophistication. In May 2020, the Special Envoy 
        and Coordinator of the Global Engagement Center (GEC), Lea 
        Gabrielle, stated that there was a convergence of Russian and 
        Chinese narratives surrounding COVID-19 and that the GEC had 
        ``uncovered a new network of inauthentic Twitter accounts'' 
        that it assessed was ``created with the intent to amplify 
        Chinese propaganda and disinformation.'' In June 2020, Google 
        reported that Chinese hackers attempted to access email 
        accounts of the campaign staff of a presidential candidate.
            (5) Chinese information warfare and malign influence 
        operations are a threat to the national security, democracy and 
        the economic systems of the United States, its allies and 
        partners. In October 2018, Vice President Mike Pence warned 
        that ``Beijing is employing a whole-of-government approach, 
        using political, economic, and military tools, as well as 
        propaganda, to advance its influence and benefit its interests 
        in the United States.''.
            (6) In February 2018, the Director of the Federal Bureau of 
        Investigation, Christopher Wray, testified to the Select 
        Committee on Intelligence of the Senate that the People's 
        Republic of China is taking advantage of and exploiting the 
        open research and development environments of U.S. institutions 
        of higher education to utilize ``professors, scientists and 
        students'' as ``nontraditional collectors'' of information.
    (b) Presidential Duties.--The President shall--
            (1) carry out all appropriate measures to protect our 
        democratic institutions and processes from malign influence 
        from the People's Republic of China and other foreign 
        adversaries; and
            (2) consistent with the policy specified in paragraph (1), 
        direct the heads of the appropriate Federal departments and 
        agencies to implement Acts of Congress to counter and deter 
        Chinese and other foreign information warfare and malign 
        influence operations without delay, including--
                    (A) section 1043 of the John S. McCain National 
                Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 (Public 
                Law 115-232), which authorizes a coordinator position 
                within the National Security Council for countering 
                malign foreign influence operations and campaigns;
                    (B) section 228 of the National Defense 
                Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-
                92), which authorizes additional research of foreign 
                malign influence operations on social media platforms;
                    (C) section 847 of such Act, which requires the 
                Secretary of Defense to modify contracting regulations 
                regarding vetting for foreign ownership, control and 
                influence in order to mitigate risks from malign 
                foreign influence;
                    (D) section 1239 of such Act, which requires an 
                update of the comprehensive strategy to counter the 
                threat of malign influence to include the People's 
                Republic of China;
                    (E) section 5323 of such Act, which authorizes the 
                Director of National Intelligence to facilitate the 
                establishment of Social Media Data and Threat Analysis 
                Center to detect and study information warfare and 
                malign influence operations across social media 
                platforms; and
                    (F) section 119C of the National Security Act of 
                1947 (50 U.S.C. 3059), which authorizes the 
                establishment of a Foreign Malign Influence Response 
                Center inside the Office of the Director of National 
                Intelligence.

SEC. 162. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON SUPPORT FOR HIGHER EDUCATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that in order to effectively compete 
with the People's Republic of China on the development and effective 
use of science and technology, the United States must invest and 
support United States institutions of higher education operating 
programs in, and students at such institutions of higher education 
studying, the fields of science, technology, engineering, and 
mathematics, as well as Chinese linguistic and cultural proficiency.

SEC. 163. ESTABLISH LIMITATIONS REGARDING CONFUCIUS INSTITUTES.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``Confucius Institute'' 
means a cultural institute directly or indirectly funded, in whole or 
in part, by the Government of China.
    (b) Restrictions of Confucius Institutes.--An institution of higher 
education or other postsecondary educational institution (referred to 
in this section as an ``institution'') shall not be eligible to receive 
Federal funds from the Department of Education (except funds under 
title IV of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1070 et seq.) 
or other Department of Education funds that are provided directly to 
students) unless the institution ensures that any contract or agreement 
between the institution and a Confucius Institute includes clear 
provisions that--
            (1) protect academic freedom at the institution;
            (2) prohibit the application of any foreign law on any 
        campus of the institution; and
            (3) grant full managerial authority of the Confucius 
        Institute to the institution, including full control over what 
        is being taught, the activities carried out, the research 
        grants that are made, and who is employed at the Confucius 
        Institute.

SEC. 164. DISCLOSURES OF FOREIGN GIFTS TO UNITED STATES INSTITUTIONS OF 
              HIGHER EDUCATION.

    (a) Amendments.--Section 117 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 
(20 U.S.C. 1011f) is amended to read as follows:

``SEC. 117. DISCLOSURE OF FOREIGN GIFTS.

    ``(a) Disclosure Report.--An institution shall file a disclosure 
report with the Secretary not later than the March 31 occurring 
immediately after--
            ``(1) the calendar year in which a foreign source gains 
        ownership of, or control over, the institution;
            ``(2) the calendar year in which the institution receives a 
        gift from, or enters into a contract with, a foreign source, 
        the value of which is $200,000 or more, considered alone or in 
        combination with all other gifts from, or contracts with, that 
        foreign source within the calendar year; or
            ``(3) the institution receives a gift from, or enters into 
        a contract with, a foreign source, the value of which totals 
        $450,000 or more, considered alone or in combination with all 
        other gifts from, or contracts with, that foreign source over 
        the previous 3 years.
    ``(b) Contents of Report.--Each report to the Secretary required 
under subsection (a) shall contain the following:
            ``(1)(A) For gifts received from or contracts entered into 
        with a foreign source other than a foreign government, the 
        aggregate dollar amount of such gifts and contracts 
        attributable to a particular country and the legal or formal 
        name of the foreign source. The country to which a gift is 
        attributable is the country of citizenship, or if unknown, the 
        principal residence for a foreign source who is a natural 
        person, and the country of incorporation, or if unknown, the 
        principal place of business, for a foreign source which is a 
        legal entity.
                    ``(B) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), in the case 
                of an anonymous gift received from a foreign source who 
                is a natural person, the institution shall be required 
                to report only the country of citizenship and not the 
                formal name and principal residence of the foreign 
                source.
            ``(2) For gifts received from or contracts entered into 
        with a foreign government, the aggregate amount of such gifts 
        and contracts received from each foreign government.
            ``(3) In the case of an institution which is owned or 
        controlled by a foreign source, the identity of the foreign 
        source, the date on which the foreign source assumed ownership 
        or control, and any changes in program or structure resulting 
        from the change in ownership or control.
            ``(4) An assurance that the institution will maintain true 
        copies of gift and contract agreements subject to the 
        disclosure requirements under this section for at least the 
        duration of the agreement.
            ``(5) An assurance that the institution will produce true 
        copies of gift and contract agreements subject to the 
        disclosure requirements under this section upon request of the 
        Secretary during a compliance audit or other institutional 
        investigation.
    ``(c) Additional Disclosures for Restricted and Conditional 
Gifts.--Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (b), whenever any 
institution receives a restricted or conditional gift or contract from 
a foreign source, the institution shall disclose the following:
            ``(1) For such gifts received from or contracts entered 
        into with a foreign source other than a foreign government, the 
        amount, the date, and a description of such conditions or 
        restrictions. The report shall also disclose the country of 
        citizenship, or if unknown, the principal residence for a 
        foreign source which is a natural person, and the country of 
        incorporation, or if unknown, the principal place of business 
        for a foreign source which is a legal entity.
            ``(2) For gifts received from or contracts entered into 
        with a foreign government, the amount, the date, a description 
        of such conditions or restrictions, and the name of the foreign 
        government.
    ``(d) Relation to Other Reporting Requirements.--
            ``(1) State requirements.--If an institution described 
        under subsection (a) is within a State which has enacted 
        requirements for public disclosure of gifts from or contracts 
        with a foreign source that includes all information required 
        under this section, a copy of the disclosure report filed with 
        the State may be filed with the Secretary in lieu of a report 
        required under subsection (a). The State in which the 
        institution is located shall provide to the Secretary such 
        assurances as the Secretary may require to establish that the 
        institution has met the requirements for public disclosure 
        under State law if the State report is filed.
            ``(2) Use of other federal reports.--If an institution 
        receives a gift from, or enters into a contract with, a foreign 
        source, where any other department, agency, or bureau of the 
        executive branch requires a report containing all the 
        information required under this section, a copy of the report 
        may be filed with the Secretary in lieu of a report required 
        under subsection (a).
    ``(e) Public Disclosure.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 30 days after receiving a 
        disclosure report under this section, the Secretary shall make 
        such report electronically available to the public for 
        downloading on a searchable database under which institutions 
        can be individually identified and compared.
            ``(2) Modifications.--The Secretary shall incorporate a 
        process permitting institutions to revise and update previously 
        filed disclosure reports under this section to ensure accuracy, 
        compliance, and ability to cure.
    ``(f) Fines.--The Secretary may impose a civil fine on an 
institution that knowingly fails to file a disclosure report in 
accordance with this section.
    ``(g) Treatment of Certain Payments and Gifts.--The following shall 
not be considered a gift from a foreign source under this section:
            ``(1) Any payment of tuition and fees to an institution by, 
        or scholarship from, a foreign source who is a natural person 
        made on behalf of a student for institutional charges related 
        to such student's cost of attendance that is not made under 
        contract with such foreign source.
            ``(2) Any unrestricted gift made by a foreign source who is 
        a natural person and an alumnus of the institution.
    ``(h) Consultation.--The Secretary shall consult with the Director 
of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Director of the 
National Institutes of Health, the Director of the National Science 
Foundation, the Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Defense, the 
Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the 
Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 
the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and 
the heads of other relevant Federal agencies or entities, regarding the 
reporting of gifts from and contracts with foreign sources in order to 
align, to the extent practicable, the methods of reporting prescribed 
by this section.
    ``(i) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `contract' means any agreement for the 
        acquisition by purchase, lease, or barter of property or 
        services by the foreign source, for the direct benefit or use 
        of either of the parties;
            ``(2) the term `foreign source' means--
                    ``(A) a foreign government, including an agency of 
                a foreign government;
                    ``(B) a legal entity, governmental or otherwise, 
                created solely under the laws of a foreign state or 
                states;
                    ``(C) an individual who is not a citizen or a 
                national of the United States or a trust territory or 
                protectorate thereof; and
                    ``(D) an agent, including a subsidiary or affiliate 
                of a foreign legal entity, acting on behalf of a 
                foreign source;
            ``(3) the term `gift' means any gift of money, property, or 
        human resources;
            ``(4) the term `institution' means any institution, public 
        or private, or, if a multicampus institution, any single campus 
        of such institution, in any State, that--
                    ``(A) is legally authorized within such State to 
                provide a program of education beyond secondary school;
                    ``(B) provides a program for which the institution 
                awards a bachelor's degree (or provides not less than a 
                2-year program which is acceptable for full credit 
                toward such a degree) or more advanced degrees; and
                    ``(C) is accredited by a recognized accrediting 
                agency or association and to which institution Federal 
                financial assistance is extended (directly or 
                indirectly through another entity or person), or which 
                institution receives support from the extension of 
                Federal financial assistance to any of the 
                institution's subunits; and
            ``(5) the term `restricted or conditional gift or contract' 
        means any endowment, gift, grant, contract, award, present, or 
        property of any kind which includes provisions regarding--
                    ``(A) the employment, assignment, or termination of 
                faculty;
                    ``(B) the establishment of departments, centers, 
                institutes, instructional programs, research or lecture 
                programs, or new faculty positions;
                    ``(C) the selection or admission of students; or
                    ``(D) the award of grants, loans, scholarships, 
                fellowships, or other forms of financial aid restricted 
                to students of a specified country, religion, sex, 
                ethnic origin, or political opinion.''.
    (b) Regulations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue regulations, 
        developed through the negotiated rulemaking process under 
        section 492 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1098a), to carry out section 117 of such Act, as amended by 
        this section.
            (2) Issues.--Regulations issued pursuant to paragraph (1), 
        shall, at a minimum, address the following issues:
                    (A) Instructions on reporting structured gifts and 
                contracts.
                    (B) The inclusion in institutional reports of gifts 
                received from, and contracts entered into with, foreign 
                sources by entities and organizations, such as research 
                foundations, that operate substantially for the benefit 
                or under the auspices of the institution.
    (c) Effective Date.--
            (1) In general.--The amendments made by this section shall 
        take effect on the earlier of--
                    (A) the day on which the regulations issued under 
                subsection (b) are issued; or
                    (B) the day that is 1 year and 90 days after the 
                date of enactment of this Act.
            (2) Transition.--The provisions of section 117 of the 
        Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1011f), as in effect on 
        the day before the date of enactment of this Act, shall 
        continue to apply until the amendments made by this section 
        take effect under paragraph (1).

SEC. 165. ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NON-GOVERNMENTAL CODE OF 
              CONDUCT FOR COUNTERING MALIGN INFLUENCE AT COLLEGES AND 
              UNIVERSITIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) institutions of higher education of the United States 
        should develop best practices and cooperate with efforts to 
        report on and record the influence of the Government of China 
        at academic institutions, including appropriate actions against 
        government entities of the People's Republic of China 
        responsible for harassment;
            (2) institutions of higher education should--
                    (A) assess the operation of Confucius Institutes as 
                defined in section 163(a) to ensure their agreements 
                with the Office of Chinese Language Council 
                International (commonly known as ``Hanban'') allow 
                transparency and compliance with norms of academic 
                freedom; and
                    (B) consider joint actions against the Government 
                of China in response to unwarranted visa denials and 
                prolonged delays for research in the People's Republic 
                of China targeting their scholars, or other obstacles 
                to academic research;
            (3) all organizations on the campuses of institutions of 
        higher education of the United States that receive substantial 
        funding or support from Chinese diplomatic missions or other 
        entities linked to the Chinese Communist Party or the 
        Government of China, should--
                    (A) report such information or register, as 
                appropriate, as foreign agents;
                    (B) disclose annually all sources and amounts of 
                funding received, directly or indirectly, from the 
                Communist Party of China, the Government of China, or 
                enterprises owned by the People's Republic of China, as 
                required by law; and
                    (C) help mentor and support students and scholars 
                from the People's Republic of China to ensure that the 
                students and scholars can enjoy full academic freedom; 
                and
            (4) institutions of higher education of the United States 
        undertaking exchange programs or operating satellite campuses 
        in the People's Republic of China should do so with open and 
        transparent agreements and policies to ensure the protection of 
        academic freedom, including control over hiring and firing, 
        freedom of scholarly research, and protection for the 
        curriculum.
    (b) GAO Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States 
shall issue a report that assesses whether the Department of State and 
the Department of Homeland Security have the adequate resources, and 
are adequately able, to vet students and scholars in a timely and 
expeditious fashion to prevent those individuals with specific ties to 
the People's Liberation Army from entering the United States.

SEC. 166. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, 
              ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS EDUCATION AND TRAINING.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--To strengthen the 
competitiveness of the domestic workforce in critical technology 
industries by expanding assistance for education and training in 
science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, including for 
underserved and underrepresented populations to achieve a more diverse 
and inclusive workforce in these industries, there are authorized to be 
appropriated to the Director of the National Science Foundation the 
following:
            (1) For the Scholarships in Science, Technology, 
        Engineering, and Mathematics program under section 414(d) of 
        the American Competitiveness and Workforce Improvement Act of 
        1998 (42 U.S.C. 1869c), notwithstanding section 414(d)(4) and 
        in addition to funds provided by section 414(d)(4)--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $157,290,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $168,300,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $180,081,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $192,687,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $206,175,000.
            (2) For the National Science Foundation graduate research 
        fellowship program--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $304,469,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $325,782,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $348,587,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $372,988,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $399,097,000.
            (3) For the National Science Foundation research 
        traineeship program--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $57,876,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $61,927,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $66,262,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $70,900,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $75,863,000.
            (4) For the National Science Foundation research experience 
        for undergraduates--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $88,864,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $95,084,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $101,740,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $108,862,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $116,482,000.
            (5) For the National Science Foundation Inclusion across 
        the Nation of Communities of Learners of Underrepresented 
        Discoverers in Engineering and Science--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $21,614,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $23,127,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $24,746,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $26,478,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $28,331,000.
            (6) For the National Science Foundation ADVANCE: 
        organizational change for gender equity in STEM academic 
        professions--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $19,260,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $20,608,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $22,051,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $23,595,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $25,247,000.
            (7) For the National Science Foundation cyber scholarships 
        for service--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $59,203,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $63,347,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $67,781,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $72,526,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $77,603,000.
            (8) For the National Science Foundation Historically Black 
        Colleges and Universities undergraduate program--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $37,450,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $40,072,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $42,877,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $45,878,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $49,089,000.
            (9) For the National Science Foundation Tribal Colleges and 
        Universities program--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $16,050,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $17,174,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $18,376,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $19,662,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $21,038,000.
            (10) For the National Science Foundation Hispanic serving 
        institutions program--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $48,150,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $51,521,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $55,127,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $58,986,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $63,115,000.
    (b) Supplement, Not Supplant.--Amounts appropriated under 
subsection (a) shall supplement, and not supplant, amounts otherwise 
appropriated to award grants to carry out mid-scale projects (as 
defined in section 109(b)(4) of the American Innovation and 
Competitiveness Act (Public Law 114-329; 130 Stat. 2988).

SEC. 167. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE FULBRIGHT-HAYS 
              PROGRAM.

    There are authorized to be appropriated, for the 6-year period 
beginning on September 30, 2020, $105,500,000, which shall be expended 
to promote education, training, research, and foreign language skills 
through the Fulbright-Hays Program, in accordance with section 102(b) 
of the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2452(b)).

SEC. 168. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL AND FOREIGN 
              LANGUAGE EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

    In order to promote international and foreign language education 
and global understanding at institutions of higher education in the 
United States, there are authorized to be appropriated, for the 6-year 
period beginning on September 30, 2020, $632,000,000 to carry out the 
international and foreign language education programs under title VI of 
the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1121 et seq.).

SEC. 169. SUPPORT FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Institution of higher education.--The term 
        ``institution of higher education'' has the meaning given such 
        term in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1001).
            (2) Mid-scale projects.--The term ``mid-scale projects'' 
        has the meaning given such term in section 109(b)(4) of the 
        American Innovation and Competitiveness Act (Public Law 114-
        329; 130 Stat. 2988).
            (3) Minority-serving institution.--The term ``minority-
        serving institution'' means an eligible institution described 
        in section 371(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 1067q(a)).
    (b) National Institute of Standards and Technology Grants for 
Facilities at Institutions of Higher Education.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology shall award grants on a competitive 
        basis to institutions of higher education to construct, 
        renovate, or expand research and development facilities and 
        infrastructure to support research and development in critical 
        technology areas.
            (2) Geographic distribution.--In carrying out paragraph 
        (1), the Director shall ensure equitable geographic 
        distribution of funds.
            (3) Awards to minority-serving institutions.--The Director 
        shall ensure that of the amounts awarded under paragraph (1), 
        not less than 10 percent of such amounts are awarded to 
        minority-serving institutions.
            (4) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out paragraph (1) $300,000,000 for 
        the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
    (c) National Science Foundation Grants for Mid-Scale Projects.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the National Science 
        Foundation shall award grants on a competitive basis to 
        eligible entities to carry out mid-scale projects.
            (2) Eligible entities.--For purposes of this subsection, an 
        eligible entity is an institution of higher education, a 
        nonprofit organization, or a consortium of institutions of 
        higher education or nonprofit organizations, that the Director 
        of the National Science Foundation considers eligible to 
        receive a grant under paragraph (1).
            (3) Authorization of appropriations.--
                    (A) In general.--There is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out paragraph (1) $300,000,000 
                for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
                    (B) Supplement, not supplant.--Amounts appropriated 
                under subparagraph (A) shall supplement, and not 
                supplant, amounts otherwise appropriated to award 
                grants to carry out mid-scale projects.
    (d) Authorization of Appropriations for Defense University Research 
Instrumentation Program.--
            (1) In general.--For the Secretary of Defense to award 
        grants under the Defense University Research Instrumentation 
        Program in accordance with section 2358 of title 10, United 
        States Code, and section 6304 of title 31, United States Code, 
        there is authorized to be appropriated--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $45,017,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $48,169,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $51,541,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $55,149,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $59,009,000.
            (2) Availability for awards under defense established 
        program to stimulate competitive research.--Of the amounts 
        appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) for the Defense 
        University Research Instrumentation Program in a fiscal year, 
        not less than 15 percent shall be available in that fiscal year 
        to support awards through the Defense Established Program to 
        Stimulate Competitive Research (DEPSCoR).
            (3) Awards to minority-serving institutions.--Of the 
        amounts appropriated pursuant to paragraph (1) for the Defense 
        University Research Instrumentation Program in a fiscal year, 
        not less than 10 percent of such amounts shall be used for 
        awards to minority-serving institutions.
    (e) Supplement, Not Supplant.--The amounts authorized to be 
appropriated by subsections (b) through (d) for the purposes set forth 
in such subsections shall supplement, not supplant, amounts otherwise 
authorized to be appropriated for such purposes.

SEC. 170. BUILDING THE INNOVATION AND MANUFACTURING WORKFORCE OF THE 
              UNITED STATES.

    (a) Department of Defense Manufacturing Engineering Education 
Program.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Defense may, on a 
        competitive basis, award grants to at least 20 eligible 
        entities through the Manufacturing Engineering Education 
        Program established under section 2196(a)(1) of title 10, 
        United States Code, for the enhancement of existing programs 
        under subparagraph (A) of such section or establishment of new 
        programs under subparagraph (B) of such section to support 
        industry-relevant, manufacturing-focused engineering training, 
        with a focus on critical technology areas.
            (2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated to carry out paragraph (1)--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2021, $16,050,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2022, $17,174,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2023, $18,376,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2024, $19,662,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2025, $21,038,000.
            (3) Supplement, not supplant.--Amounts appropriated under 
        paragraph (2) shall supplement and not supplant any amounts 
        otherwise appropriated to carry out the Manufacturing 
        Engineering Education Program.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations for National Science Foundation 
Advanced Technological Education Program.--
            (1) In general.--To award grants under section 3(a) of the 
        Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862i(a)) for training programs and education programs in 
        manufacturing related to the critical technology areas, there 
        is authorized to be appropriated--
                    (A) for fiscal year 2020, $80,250,000;
                    (B) for fiscal year 2021, $85,868,000;
                    (C) for fiscal year 2022, $91,879,000;
                    (D) for fiscal year 2023, $98,311,000; and
                    (E) for fiscal year 2024, $105,193,000.
            (2) Supplement, not supplant.--Amounts appropriated under 
        paragraph (1) shall supplement and not supplant any amounts 
        otherwise appropriated to award grants under section 3(a) of 
        the Scientific and Advanced-Technology Act of 1992 (42 U.S.C. 
        1862i(a)).

SEC. 171. APPRENTICESHIP OPPORTUNITIES.

    (a) Definition of Eligible Entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' 
means a consortium of entities that shall include 1 or more 
representatives from each of the following:
            (1) A local educational agency (as defined in section 8101 
        of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 
        U.S.C. 7801)), an area career and technical education school 
        (as defined in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and 
        Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302)), an 
        educational service agency (as defined in section 8101 of the 
        Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        7801)), or a postsecondary educational institution.
            (2) An industry or business, consisting of an employer, a 
        group of employers, a trade association, a professional 
        association, an apprenticeship program, or an entity that 
        sponsors an apprenticeship program.
            (3) A State workforce development board established under 
        section 101 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 
        U.S.C. 3111) or a local workforce development board established 
        under section 107 of such Act (29 U.S.C. 3122), subject to 
        section 107(c)(4)(B)(i) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3122(c)(4)(B)(i)).
            (4) To the maximum extent practicable, as determined by the 
        consortium, one or more of the following:
                    (A) A labor organization associated with the 
                industry sector or occupation related to the 
                apprenticeship program involved.
                    (B) A qualified intermediary.
                    (C) A community-based organization with experience 
                serving populations that have been historically 
                underrepresented in apprenticeship programs.
    (b) In General.--From amounts appropriated under subsection (e), 
the Secretary of Labor shall award grants, contracts, or cooperative 
agreements to eligible entities on a competitive basis to create or 
expand apprenticeship programs to prepare the workforce for in-demand 
jobs, including in sectors that enhance the competitiveness of the 
United States.
    (c) Use of Funds.--In making awards under subsection (b), the 
Secretary of Labor shall ensure that--
            (1) not less than 50 percent of the funds appropriated 
        under subsection (e) shall be awarded to States in accordance 
        with the award information described in the Department of Labor 
        Employment and Training Administration Training and Employment 
        Guidance Letter No. 17-18 issued on May 3, 2019; and
            (2) the funds remaining under subsection (e) after the 
        application of paragraph (1) shall be used for creating or 
        expanding opportunities in apprenticeship programs, including 
        opportunities in pre-apprenticeship programs and youth 
        apprenticeship programs, and related activities, including--
                    (A) using recruitment and retention strategies for 
                program participants with a priority for recruiting and 
                retaining, for apprenticeship programs, a high number 
                or high percentage of individuals with barriers to 
                employment (as defined in section 3 of the Workforce 
                Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102)) and 
                individuals from populations traditionally 
                underrepresented in apprenticeship programs;
                    (B) engaging employers in the expansion, 
                development, and execution of apprenticeship programs;
                    (C) expanding apprenticeship opportunities in high-
                skill, high-wage, or in-demand industry sectors and 
                occupations, including construction;
                    (D) supporting national industry and equity 
                intermediaries and local intermediaries;
                    (E) improving alignment with secondary, 
                postsecondary, and adult education programs and 
                workforce development programs;
                    (F) encouraging employer participation; and
                    (G) developing new apprenticeship programs in 
                industry sectors or occupations not traditionally 
                represented in apprenticeship programs.
    (d) Rule of Construction.--If funds awarded under this Act, 
including all funds awarded for the purposes of grants, contracts, or 
cooperative agreements, or the development, implementation, or 
administration of apprenticeship programs, are used to fund 
apprenticeship programs, those funds shall only be provided to 
apprenticeship programs (or opportunities in apprenticeship programs) 
that meet the definition of an apprenticeship under this section.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $750,000,000 for the period of 
fiscal years 2021 through 2026.

SEC. 172. COMMUNITY COLLEGE AND INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIP GRANTS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Perkins cte definitions.--The terms ``career and 
        technical education'', ``dual or concurrent enrollment 
        program'', and ``work-based learning'' have the meanings given 
        the terms in section 3 of the Carl D. Perkins Career and 
        Technical Education Act of 2006 (20 U.S.C. 2302).
            (2) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity''--
                    (A) means an eligible institution or a consortium 
                of such eligible institutions; and
                    (B) may include a multistate consortium of such 
                eligible institutions.
            (3) Eligible institution.--The term ``eligible 
        institution'' means a public institution of higher education 
        (as defined in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 
        1965 (20 U.S.C. 1001(a)) at which the highest degree that is 
        predominantly awarded to students is an associate degree, 
        including a 2-year Tribal College or University (as defined in 
        section 316 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 
        1059c)).
            (4) In-demand industry sector or occupation.--The term 
        ``in-demand industry sector or occupation'' has the meaning 
        given the term in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and 
        Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102).
    (b) Grant Authority.--
            (1) In general.--From amounts appropriated under subsection 
        (h) and not reserved under subsection (f), the Secretary of 
        Labor, in collaboration with the Secretary of Education (acting 
        through the Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education) 
        shall award, on a competitive basis, grants, contracts, or 
        cooperative agreements, in accordance with section 169(b)(5) of 
        the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
        3224(b)(5)), to eligible entities to assist such eligible 
        entities in--
                    (A) establishing and scaling career training 
                programs, including career and technical education 
                programs, and industry and sector partnerships to 
                inform such programs; and
                    (B) providing necessary student supports for 
                participation in such programs.
            (2) Award amounts.--The total amount of funds awarded under 
        this section to an eligible entity shall not exceed--
                    (A) in the case of an eligible entity that is an 
                eligible institution, $2,500,000; and
                    (B) in the case of an eligible entity that is a 
                consortium, $15,000,000.
            (3) Award period.--A grant, contract, or cooperative 
        agreement awarded under this section shall be for a period of 
        not more than 4 years, except that the Secretary of Labor may 
        extend such a grant, contract, or agreement for an additional 
        2-year period.
            (4) Equitable distribution.--In awarding grants under this 
        section, the Secretary of Labor shall ensure, to the extent 
        practicable, the equitable distribution of grants, based on--
                    (A) geography (such as urban and rural 
                distribution); and
                    (B) States and local areas significantly impacted 
                by the COVID-19 national emergency.
    (c) Priority.--In awarding funds under this section, the Secretary 
of Labor shall give priority to eligible entities that will use such 
funds to serve individuals impacted by the COVID-19 national emergency, 
as demonstrated by providing an assurance in the application submitted 
under subsection (d) that the eligible entity will use such funds to--
            (1) serve such individuals who are--
                    (A) individuals with barriers to employment;
                    (B) veterans or spouses of members of the Armed 
                Forces;
                    (C) Native Americans, Alaska Natives, or Native 
                Hawaiians; or
                    (D) incumbent workers who are low-skilled and who 
                need to increase their employability skills;
            (2) serve such individuals from each major racial and 
        ethnic group or gender with lower-than-average educational 
        attainment in the State or employment in the in-demand industry 
        sector or occupation that such award will support; or
            (3) serve areas with high unemployment rates or high levels 
        of poverty, including rural areas.
    (d) Application.--An eligible entity seeking an award of funds 
under this section shall submit to the Secretary of Labor an 
application containing a grant proposal at such time and in such 
manner, and containing such information, as required by the Secretary, 
including a detailed description of the following:
            (1) Each entity (and the roles and responsibilities of each 
        entity) with which the eligible entity will partner to carry 
        out activities under this section, which shall include, at a 
        minimum--
                    (A) an industry or sector partnership (as defined 
                in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and 
                Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102)) representing a high-
                skill, high-wage, or in-demand industry sector or 
                occupation;
                    (B) a State higher education agency (as defined in 
                section 103 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
                U.S.C. 1003)) or a State workforce agency; and
                    (C) to the extent practicable, one or more of each 
                of the following:
                            (i) State or local workforce development 
                        systems.
                            (ii) Economic development or other relevant 
                        State or local agencies.
                            (iii) Community-based organizations.
                            (iv) Institutions of higher education that 
                        primarily award 4-year degrees with which the 
                        eligible entity has developed or will develop 
                        articulation agreements for programs created or 
                        expanded using funds under this section.
                            (v) Providers of adult education.
                            (vi) One or more labor organizations or 
                        joint labor-management partnerships.
            (2) The programs that will be supported with such award, 
        including a description of--
                    (A) each program that will be developed or 
                expanded, and how the program will be responsive to the 
                high-skill, high-wage, or in-demand industry sectors or 
                occupations in the geographic region served by the 
                eligible entity under this section, including--
                            (i) how the eligible entity will 
                        collaborate with employers to ensure each such 
                        program will provide the skills and 
                        competencies necessary to meet future 
                        employment demand; and
                            (ii) the quantitative data and evidence 
                        that demonstrates the extent to which each such 
                        program will meet the needs of employers in the 
                        geographic area served by the eligible entity 
                        under this section;
                    (B) the recognized postsecondary credentials to be 
                awarded under each program described in subparagraph 
                (A);
                    (C) how each such program will facilitate 
                cooperation between representatives of workers and 
                employers in the local areas to ensure a fair and 
                engaging workplace that balances the priorities and 
                well-being of workers with the needs of businesses;
                    (D) the extent to which each such program aligns 
                with a statewide or regional workforce development 
                strategy, including such strategies established under 
                section 102(b)(1) of the Workforce Innovation and 
                Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3112(b)(1)); and
                    (E) how the eligible entity will ensure the quality 
                of each such program, the career pathways within each 
                such program, and the jobs in the industry sectors or 
                occupations to which the program is aligned.
            (3) The extent to which the eligible entity can leverage 
        additional resources, and demonstration of the future 
        sustainability of each such program.
            (4) How each such program and the activities carried out 
        with funds under this section will include evidence-based 
        practices, including a description of such practices.
            (5) The student populations that will be served by the 
        eligible entity, including--
                    (A) an analysis of any barriers to employment or 
                barriers to postsecondary education that such 
                populations face, and an analysis of how the services 
                to be provided by the eligible entity under this 
                section will address such barriers; and
                    (B) how the eligible entity will support such 
                populations to establish a work history, demonstrate 
                success in the workplace, and develop the skills and 
                competencies that lead to entry into and retention in 
                unsubsidized employment.
            (6) Assurances the eligible entity will participate in and 
        comply with third-party evaluations described in subsection 
        (f)(3).
    (e) Use of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--An eligible entity receiving a grant, 
        contract, or cooperative agreement under this section shall use 
        funds made available under such grant, contract, or cooperative 
        agreement to establish and scale career training programs, 
        including career and technical education programs, and career 
        pathways and supports for students participating in such 
        programs.
            (2) Student support and emergency services.--Not less than 
        15 percent of funds made available to an eligible entity under 
        this section shall be used to carry out student support 
        services, which may include the following:
                    (A) Supportive services, including childcare, 
                transportation, mental health services, substance use 
                disorder prevention and treatment, assistance in 
                obtaining health insurance coverage, housing, and 
                assistance in accessing the supplemental nutrition 
                assistance program established under the Food and 
                Nutrition Act of 2008 (7 U.S.C. 2011 et seq.), the 
                special supplemental nutrition program for women, 
                infants, and children established by section 17 of the 
                Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (42 U.S.C. 1786), and other 
                benefits, as appropriate.
                    (B) Connecting students to State or Federal means-
                tested benefits programs, including the means-tested 
                Federal benefits programs described in subparagraphs 
                (A) through (F) of section 479(d)(2) of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1087ss(d)(2)).
                    (C) The provision of direct financial assistance to 
                help students facing financial hardships that may 
                impact enrollment in or completion of a program 
                assisted with such funds.
                    (D) Navigation, coaching, mentorship, and case 
                management services, including providing information 
                and outreach to populations described in subsection (c) 
                to take part in a program supported with such funds.
                    (E) Providing access to necessary supplies, 
                materials, or technological devices, and required 
                equipment, and other supports necessary to participate 
                in such programs.
            (3) Additional required program activities.--The funds 
        awarded to an eligible entity under this section that remain 
        after carrying out paragraph (2) shall be used to--
                    (A) create, develop, or expand articulation 
                agreements (as defined in section 486A(a) of the Higher 
                Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1093a(a)), credit 
                transfer agreements, policies to award credit for prior 
                learning, corequisite remediation, dual or concurrent 
                enrollment programs, career pathways, and competency-
                based education;
                    (B) establish or expand industry or sector 
                partnerships to develop or expand academic programs and 
                curricula;
                    (C) establish or expand work-based learning 
                opportunities, including apprenticeship programs or 
                paid internships;
                    (D) establish or implement plans for programs 
                supported with funds under this section to be included 
                on the list of programs and eligible training providers 
                described under section 122(d) of the Workforce 
                Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3152(d));
                    (E) award academic credit or provide for academic 
                alignment toward credit pathways for programs assisted 
                with such funds, including through industry-recognized 
                credentials, competency-based education, or work-based 
                learning;
                    (F) make available open, searchable, and comparable 
                information on the recognized postsecondary credentials 
                awarded under such programs, including the related 
                skills or competencies, related employment, and 
                earnings outcomes; or
                    (G) acquiring equipment necessary to support 
                activities permitted under this section.
    (f) Secretarial Reservations.--Not more than 5 percent of the funds 
appropriated for a fiscal year may be used by the Secretary of Labor 
for--
            (1) the administration of the program under this section, 
        including providing technical assistance to eligible entities;
            (2) targeted outreach to eligible institutions serving a 
        high number or high percentage of low-income populations, and 
        rural-serving eligible institutions, to provide guidance and 
        assistance in the grant application process under this section; 
        and
            (3) a rigorous, third-party evaluation that uses 
        experimental or quasi-experimental design or other research 
        methodologies that allow for the strongest possible causal 
        inferences to determine whether each eligible entity carrying 
        out a program supported under this section has met the goals of 
        such program as described in the application submitted by 
        eligible entity, including through a national assessment of all 
        such programs at the conclusion of each 4-year grant period.
    (g) Reports and Dissemination.--
            (1) Reports.--Each eligible entity receiving funds under 
        this section shall prepare and submit a report to the Secretary 
        of Labor annually that includes--
                    (A) a description of the programs supported with 
                such funds, including activities carried out directly 
                by the eligible entity and activities carried out by 
                each partner of the eligible entity described in 
                subsection (d)(1);
                    (B) data on the population served with the funds 
                and labor market outcomes of populations served by the 
                funds;
                    (C) a description of the resources leveraged by the 
                eligible entity to support activities under this 
                section; and
                    (D) the performance of each program supported with 
                such funds with respect to the primary indicators of 
                performance under section 116(b)(2)(A)(i) of the 
                Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 
                3141(b)(2)(A)(i)).
            (2) Dissemination.--Each eligible entity receiving funds 
        under this section shall--
                    (A) participate in activities regarding the 
                dissemination of related research, best practices, and 
                technical assistance; and
                    (B) to the extent practicable, and as determined by 
                the Secretary of Labor, make available to the public 
                any materials created under the grant.
    (h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to carry out this section $2,000,000,000 for fiscal year 
2020, to remain available through fiscal year 2024.

SEC. 173. SENSE OF CONGRESS THAT INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION, 
              FEDERAL AND STATE GOVERNMENTS, AND BUSINESSES SHOULD 
              ADDRESS THE UNDERREPRESENTATION OF STUDENTS OF COLOR AND 
              WOMEN IN STEM FIELDS.

    It is the sense of Congress that institutions of higher education, 
Federal and State governments, and businesses should address 
underrepresentation of students of color and women and promote 
inclusivity in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and 
mathematics (referred to in this section as ``STEM fields''), including 
by--
            (1) encouraging exposure of individuals from 
        underrepresented groups to STEM fields at an early age;
            (2) recruiting a diverse and talented pool of applicants 
        for STEM fields;
            (3) cultivating talent from underrepresented groups through 
        mentoring programs, sponsorship initiatives, recruitment 
        events, and other similar opportunities;
            (4) providing professional development opportunities, 
        training, income assistance, and support services for 
        individuals from underrepresented groups to enter senior-level 
        positions;
            (5) offering research opportunities and grants to a diverse 
        group of individuals;
            (6) collecting, analyzing, and making public demographic 
        data, disaggregated by rank and grade or grade-equivalent 
        (where applicable), in order to assess the demographic 
        breakdowns of--
                    (A) applications for positions in STEM fields;
                    (B) individuals hired to join the workforce in a 
                STEM field or admitted to an institution of higher 
                education for studies in a STEM field;
                    (C) promotion rates in STEM fields; and
                    (D) individuals in senior-level positions in STEM 
                fields;
            (7) providing regular mandatory anti-harassment and anti-
        discrimination training; and
            (8) establishing clear reporting mechanisms for harassment 
        and discrimination that protect the reporter from reprisal.

SEC. 174. PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN FEDERAL EMPLOYEES ACCEPTING TRADEMARKS 
              FROM THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``covered period'' means the period beginning 
        on the date on which an individual is appointed to a covered 
        position and ending on the date that is 5 years after the date 
        on which the individual separates from that covered position; 
        and
            (2) the term ``covered position'' means--
                    (A) a position that requires appointment by the 
                President, by and with the advice and consent of the 
                Senate;
                    (B) a position of a confidential or policy-
                determining character under Schedule C of subpart C of 
                part 213 of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
                any successor regulations; or
                    (C) a position in the Executive Office of the 
                President, including the White House Office.
    (b) Prohibition.--During a covered period with respect to an 
individual, the individual may not accept from the People's Republic of 
China any trademark that is granted, issued, approved, awarded, or 
registered by that Government.

SEC. 175. REPORT ON THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA'S EFFORTS TO INFLUENCE AND 
              INTIMIDATE CHINESE DIASPORA COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Study.--The Secretary of State, working through a federally 
funded research and development center, shall conduct a study of 
efforts of the Government of China to influence and intimidate members 
of Chinese diaspora communities globally.
    (b) Elements.--The study required under subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) an assessment of the current strategy of, and resources 
        used by, the Government of China to influence Chinese diaspora 
        communities, including a review of--
                    (A) digital, print, and other media;
                    (B) public diplomacy efforts;
                    (C) the use of disinformation; and
                    (D) any other resources or tactics used by the 
                Government of China to influence or intimidate Chinese 
                diaspora communities globally;
            (2) a description of the impacts that the influence and 
        intimidation efforts referred to in paragraph (1) have had on 
        Chinese diaspora communities;
            (3) the identification of Chinese government officials 
        involved in directing and executing the activities referred to 
        in paragraph (1);
            (4) a list of the nations in which Chinese diaspora 
        communities have been targeted;
            (5) a description of the tactics and resources used by the 
        Government of China in each nation referred to in paragraph 
        (4); and
            (6) a review of the efforts made by nations to counteract 
        the influence of the Government of China on Chinese diaspora 
        communities, including an assessment of the efficacy of such 
        efforts.
    (c) Strategy and Recommendations.--The federally funded research 
and development center selected to conduct the study under subsection 
(a) shall develop a strategy and recommendations to counter the 
influence of the Government of China on Chinese diaspora communities, 
which shall include--
            (1) any authorities or resources required to carry out the 
        strategy; and
            (2) the identification of opportunities to cooperate with 
        other nations to counteract such influence operations.
    (d) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit a report containing the 
results of the study conducted under subsection (a) and strategy and 
recommendations described in subsection (c) to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
            (3) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (5) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (6) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (7) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
        House of Representatives; and
            (8) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 176. CREATION OF A CIVIL SOCIETY FUND TO RESEARCH AND DOCUMENT 
              CHINESE GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, acting through the 
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor and 
in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, shall establish a fund that will support 
civil society nongovernmental organizations and think tanks to 
document, research, publish, and run local campaigns around Chinese 
Communist Party and Chinese government operations outside of mainland 
China that pertain to--
            (1) international human rights;
            (2) democracy;
            (3) good governance;
            (4) labor;
            (5) the environment; and
            (6) anti-corruption.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated, for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, such sums as 
may be necessary for this fund.

SEC. 177. SUPPORTING LOCAL MEDIA.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, acting through the 
Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor and 
in coordination with the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, shall support and train journalists on 
investigative techniques necessary to ensure public accountability 
around the Chinese government's Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese 
surveillance and digital export of technology, and other Chinese 
influence operations abroad.
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated, for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, such sums as 
may be necessary for this support.

           TITLE II--INVESTING IN ALLIANCES AND PARTNERSHIPS

              Subtitle A--Strategic and Diplomatic Matters

SEC. 201. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this subtitle, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 202. UNITED STATES COMMITMENT AND SUPPORT FOR ALLIES AND PARTNERS 
              IN THE INDO-PACIFIC.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States benefits greatly from its ties to 
        allies and partners, without which the United States would be 
        less secure and less prosperous;
            (2) any fissures in the United States alliance 
        relationships and partnerships only benefit United States 
        adversaries;
            (3) the Governments of the United States, Japan, the 
        Republic of Korea, the Philippines, Australia, and Thailand are 
        important allies in tackling global challenges and have pledged 
        significant support for efforts of shared interest;
            (4) strengthening and deepening partnerships with the 
        nations of Southeast Asia, including Singapore, Indonesia, 
        Vietnam, and Malaysia, as well as with the region's emerging 
        ASEAN-centered architecture, is essential to further our shared 
        interests;
            (5) the United States should make concrete efforts to 
        cultivate and deepen ties with allies and partners through new 
        and ongoing dialogue and exchanges with counterparts; and
            (6) the United States will work with allies to prioritize 
        promoting human rights and labor rights throughout the region.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States--
            (1) to deepen multilateral diplomatic, economic, and 
        security cooperation between and among the United States, 
        Japan, the Republic of Korea, the Philippines, Thailand, and 
        Australia, including through diplomatic engagement, regional 
        development, energy security, scientific and health 
        partnerships, educational and cultural exchanges, missile 
        defense, intelligence-sharing, space, cyber, and other 
        diplomatic and defense-related initiatives;
            (2) to uphold our multilateral and bilateral treaty 
        obligations, including--
                    (A) defending Japan, including all areas under the 
                administration of Japan, under article V of the Treaty 
                of Mutual Cooperation and Security Between the United 
                States of America and Japan;
                    (B) defending the Republic of Korea under article 
                III of the Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United 
                States and the Republic of Korea;
                    (C) defending the Philippines under article IV of 
                the Mutual Defense Treaty Between the United States and 
                the Republic of the Philippines;
                    (D) defending Thailand under the 1954 Manila Pact 
                and the Thanat-Rusk communique of 1962; and
                    (E) defending Australia under article IV of the 
                Australia, New Zealand, United States Security Treaty;
            (3) to strengthen and deepen our bilateral and regional 
        partnerships, including with ASEAN and New Zealand;
            (4) to cooperate with Japan, the Republic of Korea, the 
        Philippines, Thailand, and Australia to promote human rights 
        bilaterally and through regional and multilateral fora and 
        pacts; and
            (5) to strengthen and advance diplomatic, economic, and 
        security cooperation with regional partners, such as Vietnam, 
        Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, and India.

SEC. 203. REVIVING UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL 
              ORGANIZATIONS AND REGIONAL INSTITUTIONS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Trump Administration has abdicated historic United 
        States leadership at the United Nations and in other 
        international and regional organizations, creating a vacuum 
        that the Government of China is filling.
            (2) The United States, through enforcement of a statutory 
        cap on contributions to United Nations peacekeeping operations, 
        has accrued $1,000,000,000 in arrears since fiscal year 2017, 
        leading to funding disruptions to United Nations peacekeeping 
        missions.
            (3) The Administration withdrew the United States from the 
        United Nations Human Rights Council in 2018 and is currently 
        withholding assessed funds for the Office of the United Nations 
        High Commissioner for Human Rights, which has authorized and 
        led investigations uncovering grave human rights abuses in 
        Syria, Venezuela, Iran, and the Democratic People's Republic of 
        Korea, among other places.
            (4) The United States formally submitted a notice of 
        withdrawal from the Paris Climate Agreement in 2019, a landmark 
        international agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and 
        address the impacts of climate change.
            (5) In the midst of a deadly global pandemic, President 
        Trump announced on May 29, 2020, that the United States would 
        ``terminate'' its relationship with the World Health 
        Organization, and on July 6, 2020, the Administration submitted 
        its formal notice of withdrawal from the World Health 
        Organization. The World Health Organization is playing a key 
        role in the global pandemic response, including by developing 
        technical guidance, providing personal protective equipment and 
        testing kits to low-resource countries, and supporting efforts 
        to identify effective treatments and a vaccine.
            (6) The Administration has taken these decisions at the 
        same time the Government of China is increasing its activities 
        at the United Nations and in international and regional 
        organizations in order to pursue its national interests and 
        exploit the United States leadership vacuum.
            (7) Chinese nationals currently head four of the United 
        Nations specialized agencies, the International Civil Aviation 
        Organization (ICAO), the Food and Agriculture Organization 
        (FAO), the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), and the 
        United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO). A 
        United States national holds the top leadership position in 
        UNICEF and the World Bank.
            (8) The Government of China has sought to use its growing 
        influence to promote a view of international human rights 
        contrary to universal values and elevates the power of the 
        Chinese Communist Party and the state over the rights of the 
        individual, gives primacy to economic and social matters over 
        civil and political rights, and seeks to mute criticism of 
        individual countries' human rights records, particularly its 
        own.
            (9) The Government of China, at every opportunity, will 
        fill the leadership void left by the United States if the 
        United States continues to decrease its engagement with and in 
        regional institutions, international organizations, and with 
        the United Nations, by withdrawing from key United Nations 
        bodies, unilaterally cutting funding to core United Nations 
        programs and agencies, or abrogating its obligations under 
        multilateral treaties or agreements.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States to take the following actions:
            (1) Fully engage with United Nations bodies and agencies to 
        counter efforts by Chinese diplomats to push concepts, 
        proposals, and programs that undermine United States national 
        and allied interests and values.
            (2) Pay United States peacekeeping assessments at the 
        assessed rate negotiated by United States diplomats at the 
        United Nations and pay back outstanding arrears.
            (3) Reengage with the United Nations Human Rights Council, 
        including by running for a seat on the Council in future 
        elections held by the United Nations General Assembly.
            (4) Refrain from withholding budget funds from the Office 
        of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.
            (5) Rescind the United States notice of withdrawal from the 
        Paris Climate Agreement or if this Act is enacted after 
        November 4, 2020, rejoin as a party to the Paris Climate 
        Agreement.
            (6) Rescind the United States notice of withdrawal from the 
        World Health Organization, release assessed and voluntary 
        funding withheld from the WHO, and engage with the WHO on 
        efforts to combat COVID-19 and other public health threats.
            (7) Seek to support United States candidates for positions 
        in United Nations bodies and to ensure that such efforts are 
        resourced and staffed, as well as to encourage and support 
        like-minded governments to put forth their own nominees for 
        positions in United Nations bodies.
            (8) Engage with regional organizations, including NATO, the 
        Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the 
        Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), 
        the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and the 
        Organization of American States (OAS) to counter efforts by 
        Chinese diplomatic concepts, proposals, and programs that 
        undermine United States national and allied interests and 
        values.

SEC. 204. MANDATE TO USE SANCTIONS AUTHORITIES WITH RESPECT TO THE 
              PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Congress has provided the President with a broad range 
        of tough authorities to impose sanctions to address malign 
        behavior by the Government of China and individuals and 
        entities in the People's Republic of China, including 
        individuals and entities engaging in--
                    (A) intellectual property theft;
                    (B) cyber-related economic espionage;
                    (C) repression of ethnic minorities;
                    (D) the use of forced labor and other human rights 
                abuses;
                    (E) abuses of the international trading system;
                    (F) illicit assistance to and trade with the 
                Government of North Korea; and
                    (G) drug trafficking, including trafficking in 
                fentanyl and other opioids.
            (2) Congress has in many cases mandated imposition of 
        sanctions and other measures with respect to individuals and 
        entities identified as responsible for such behavior.
    (b) Mandate To Use Authorities.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall use the full range of 
        authorities available to the President, including the 
        authorities described in paragraph (2) to impose sanctions and 
        other measures to combat malign behavior by the Government of 
        China, entities owned or controlled by that Government, and 
        other Chinese individuals and entities responsible for such 
        behavior.
            (2) Authorities described.--The authorities described in 
        this paragraph include the following:
                    (A) The Global Magnitsky Human Rights 
                Accountability Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public 
                Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 2656 note).
                    (B) Section 1637 of the Carl Levin and Howard P. 
                ``Buck'' McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for 
                Fiscal Year 2015 (50 U.S.C. 1708) (relating to 
                addressing economic and industrial espionage in 
                cyberspace).
                    (C) The Fentanyl Sanctions Act (21 U.S.C. 2301 et 
                seq.).
                    (D) The Hong Kong Autonomy Act (Public Law 116-149; 
                22 U.S.C. 5701 note) (relating to the imposition of 
                sanctions with respect to the erosion of certain 
                obligations of the People's Republic of China with 
                respect to Hong Kong).
                    (E) Section 7 of the Hong Kong Human Rights and 
                Democracy Act of 2019 (Public Law 116-76; 22 U.S.C. 
                5701 note) (relating to the imposition of sanctions 
                relating to undermining fundamental freedoms and 
                autonomy in Hong Kong).
                    (F) Section 6 of the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act 
                of 2020 (Public Law 116-145; 22 U.S.C. 6901 note) 
                (relating to the imposition of sanctions with respect 
                to violations of human rights of minority groups in the 
                Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region).
                    (G) The Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 
                U.S.C. 4801 et seq.) (relating to the imposition of new 
                export controls).
                    (H) Export control measures required to be 
                maintained with respect to entities in the 
                telecommunications sector of the People's Republic of 
                China, including under section 1260I of the National 
                Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public 
                Law 116-92) (relating to limiting the removal of Huawei 
                Technologies Co. Ltd. from the entity list of the 
                Bureau of Industry and Security).
                    (I) Section 889(a)(1)(B) of the John S. McCain 
                National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 
                (Public Law 115-232; 41 U.S.C. 3901 note prec.) 
                (relating to a prohibition on Federal Government 
                contracts with entities that use telecommunications 
                equipment or services produced by certain Chinese 
                entities).

SEC. 205. NEGOTIATIONS WITH G7 COUNTRIES ON THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 60 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President, acting through the Secretary of 
State, shall initiate a China-focused agenda at the G7, with respect to 
the following issues:
            (1) Trade and investment issues and enforcement.
            (2) Establishing and promulgating international 
        infrastructure standards.
            (3) The erosion of democracy in Hong Kong.
            (4) Human rights concerns in Xinjiang, Tibet, and other 
        areas in the People's Republic of China.
            (5) The security of 5G telecommunications.
            (6) Anti-competitive behavior.
            (7) Coercive and indentured international finance and 
        conditional provision of foreign assistance.
            (8) International influence campaigns.
            (9) Environmental standards.
            (10) Coordination with like-minded regional partners, 
        including the Republic of Korea and Australia.
    (b) Briefing on Progress of Negotiations.--Not later than one year 
after the date of enactment of this Act, the President shall provide to 
the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on 
Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a briefing on the 
progress of any negotiations described in subsection (a).

SEC. 206. ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES-TAIWAN PARTNERSHIP.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) April 10, 2019, marks the 40th anniversary of the 
        Taiwan Relations Act of 1979 (Public Law 96-8).
            (2) Since 1949, the close relationship between the United 
        States and Taiwan has been of enormous benefit to both parties 
        and to the Indo-Pacific region as a whole.
            (3) The military balance of power across the Taiwan Strait 
        continues to shift in favor of the People's Republic of China, 
        which is currently engaged in a comprehensive military 
        modernization campaign to enhance the power-projection 
        capabilities of the People's Liberation Army and its ability to 
        conduct joint operations.
            (4) Taiwan and its diplomatic partners continue to face 
        sustained pressure and coercion from the Government of China to 
        isolate Taiwan from the international community, including the 
        World Health Organization.
            (5) In the Taiwan Travel Act (Public Law 115-135), which 
        became law on March 16, 2018, Congress observed that the 
        ``self-imposed restrictions that the United States maintains'' 
        on relations with Taiwan have negative consequences for the 
        United States-Taiwan relationship.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) Taiwan is a vital part of the United States Indo-
        Pacific strategy;
            (2) the security of Taiwan and its democracy are key 
        elements for the continued peace and stability of the greater 
        Indo-Pacific region, and a vital national security interest of 
        the United States;
            (3) the United States Government--
                    (A) supports Taiwan's efforts to seek appropriate 
                international space and meaningful participation in 
                appropriate international organizations; and
                    (B) should seek to reinforce its commitments to 
                Taiwan under the Taiwan Relations Act (Public Law 96-8) 
                in a manner consistent with the ``Six Assurances'' and 
                in accordance with the United States ``One China'' 
                policy as both governments work to improve bilateral 
                relations;
            (4) Taiwan's implementation of its asymmetric defense 
        strategy is supported by the United States Government;
            (5) Taiwan must increase its defense spending in order to 
        fully resource its defense strategy; and
            (6) the United States should conduct regular transfers of 
        defense articles to Taiwan in order to enhance Taiwan's self-
        defense capabilities, particularly its efforts to develop and 
        integrate asymmetric capabilities, including undersea warfare 
        and air defense capabilities, into its military forces.
    (c) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to advocate for Taiwan's meaningful participation in 
        the United Nations, the World Health Assembly, the 
        International Civil Aviation Organization, the International 
        Criminal Police Organization, and other international bodies as 
        appropriate;
            (2) to seek meaningful cooperation between the United 
        States, Taiwan, and other like-minded partners; and
            (3) that the United States should actively work with other 
        member countries of international bodies and organizations to 
        advocate for Taiwan's participation.

SEC. 207. GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH RISK REDUCTION PROGRAM.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) recurring outbreaks of emerging and reemerging zoonotic 
        diseases, including Ebola virus disease, severe acute 
        respiratory syndrome, and avian influenza, pose an increasing 
        threat to lives and livelihood, demonstrating the need to 
        engage in a One Health approach, which recognizes the 
        interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their 
        shared environment; and
            (2) transparency, coordination, and collaboration with 
        stakeholders and partners is key to containment of emerging 
        zoonotic diseases.
    (b) Risk Reduction Strategy.--The Administrator of the United 
States Agency for International Development and the Director of the 
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shall design and implement a 
program, in collaboration, to the extent possible, with the People's 
Republic of China, to reduce the risk of the transmission of dangerous 
pathogens from animals to people, including strains of coronavirus, 
Ebola, and influenza, and to foster transparency in reporting the 
emergence of such zoonotic diseases. The program should focus on--
            (1) the investments that reduce most effectively the risk 
        of the transmission of viruses that pose the greatest threat to 
        Americans and United States national security; and
            (2) building networks and strengthening capacity in labs, 
        institutions of higher education, and other institutions to 
        identify and publicly report on emerging zoonotic diseases.

SEC. 208. ENHANCEMENT OF DIPLOMATIC AND ECONOMIC ENGAGEMENT WITH 
              PACIFIC ISLAND COUNTRIES.

    (a) Authority.--The Secretary of State and Secretary of Commerce 
are authorized to hire Locally Employed Staff in Pacific island 
countries for the purpose of promoting increased diplomatic engagement 
and increased economic and commercial engagement between the United 
States and Pacific island countries.
    (b) Availability of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--Of the amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated to the Department of State and the Department of 
        Commerce for fiscal year 2021, not more than $10,000,000, 
        respectively, shall be available to carry out the purposes of 
        this section.
            (2) Termination.--The availability of funds in paragraph 
        (1) shall expire on December 31, 2025.
    (c) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of State 
and the Secretary of Commerce shall provide to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report on the activities of the Department of 
State and Department of Commerce Locally Employed Staff in Pacific 
island countries, which shall include an assessment of the additional 
diplomatic, economic, and commercial engagement and activities in the 
Pacific island countries provided by Locally Employed Staff and an 
assessment of the impact of the activities with respect to the 
diplomatic, economic, and security interests of the United States.
    (d) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Commerce, Science, and Transportation, and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 209. REPORTING ON THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE AFTER ONSET OF THE 
              COVID-19 PANDEMIC.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with the 
Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives a report on 
the Government of China's Belt and Road Initiative.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall assess 
the following:
            (1) The implications of COVID-19 on the Government of 
        China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with respect to any 
        agreements made with BRI contracted countries on debt 
        restructuring, debt sustainability, or debt forgiveness.
            (2) The failure of the BRI of the People's Republic of 
        China to meet international standards with respect to the 
        following:
                    (A) The sovereignty of the countries in which 
                infrastructure investments are made.
                    (B) Anti-corruption.
                    (C) Rule of law.
                    (D) Human rights.
                    (E) Fiscal and debt sustainability.
                    (F) Environmental and energy standards.
                    (G) Labor.
                    (H) Transparency.
                    (I) Greenhouse gas emissions reduction and climate 
                change.
            (3) The links between the BRI and the following:
                    (A) The exportation by the Government of China of 
                mass surveillance techniques and technologies.
                    (B) The attempts of the Government of China to 
                suppress information about and misrepresent reporting 
                of its human rights abuses of Uyghurs in Xinjiang 
                Uyghur Autonomous Region.
            (4) Whether any projects being carried out under the BRI 
        present the potential for United States engagement, with the 
        support of the Asian Development Bank, to leverage existing 
        contracts into sustainable infrastructure investments.
            (5) Whether any such projects meet the international 
        standards described in paragraph (2).
            (6) In the case of projects described in paragraph (4) that 
        fail to meet the international standards described in paragraph 
        (2), whether such failures could be mitigated through support 
        by the United States.
    (c) United States Government Website.--Not later than 90 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, shall create a 
regularly updated website disclosing and assessing the implications of 
the BRI of the People's Republic of China as described in subsection 
(b).
    (d) Classified Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination with 
the Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Permanent Select 
Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives a classified 
report on the BRI, which shall assess the following:
            (1) Whether the BRI is achieving the objectives of the 
        Government of China.
            (2) How the BRI is managed and controlled.
            (3) How the BRI is evolving over time.

SEC. 210. UNITED STATES INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT 
              AGENDA.

    The Department of State, in coordination with relevant agencies and 
departments, shall launch a series of fora around the world showcasing 
the commitment of the United States and partners of the United States 
to high-quality development cooperation, including with respect to--
            (1) good governance;
            (2) the rule of law;
            (3) transparency;
            (4) financing; and
            (5) the advancement of free markets and competition.

SEC. 211. REPORT ON DEPARTMENT OF STATE PERSONNEL AND RESOURCES DEVOTED 
              TO THE INDO-PACIFIC.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of State shall--
            (1) conduct a rightsizing review of personnel and resources 
        of the Department of State dedicated to the Indo-Pacific; and
            (2) submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
        Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the Committee on 
        Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
        House of Representatives a report on--
                    (A) the findings of the review; and
                    (B) related analysis and recommendations.

SEC. 212. UNITED STATES-CHINA CLIMATE COOPERATION.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) successful mitigation of global greenhouse gas 
        emissions sufficiently to avoid the worst forecasted effects of 
        climate change requires global cooperation and coordination of 
        efforts;
            (2) as both the world's largest emitters and largest 
        economies, all other nations look towards the United States and 
        the People's Republic of China for leadership by example to 
        effectively mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, develop and 
        deploy energy generation technologies, and integrate 
        sustainable adaptation solutions to the effects of climate 
        change that are inevitable;
            (3) the United States and the People's Republic of China 
        should, to the extent practicable, coordinate on making and 
        delivering ambitious pledges to reduce domestic greenhouse gas 
        ambitions, with aspirations towards achieving net zero 
        greenhouse gas emissions by 2050;
            (4) the United States, and its allies, should work together 
        to hold the Government of China accountable to--
                    (A) meet emissions reductions commitments under the 
                Paris Climate Agreement;
                    (B) work faithfully to uphold the principles, 
                goals, and rules of the Paris Climate Agreement; and
                    (C) avoid and prohibit efforts to undermine or 
                devolve the Paris Climate Agreement's rule or 
                underlying framework, particularly within areas of 
                accountability transparency, and shared responsibility 
                among all parties; and
            (5) pursuing opportunities for the United States and the 
        People's Republic of China to cooperate on clean energy 
        research, development, finance, and deployment, with clear 
        mutually agreed upon rules and policies to protect intellectual 
        property and ensure equitable non-punitive provision of 
        support, would provide catalytic progress towards delivering a 
        global clean energy transformation that benefits all.

SEC. 213. ENHANCING UNITED STATES LEADERSHIP AND COMPETITIVENESS IN 
              ADVANCING GLOBAL CLEAN ENERGY DEVELOPMENT.

    (a) United States Contributions.--The Secretary of the Treasury may 
contribute annually on behalf of the United States $225,000,000 to the 
Clean Technology Fund managed by the World Bank (in this section 
referred to as the ``Fund'').
    (b) Limits on Country Access.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall 
use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to ensure 
that--
            (1) the Fund does not provide more than approximately 15 
        percent of the resources of the Fund to any one country; and
            (2) each country that receives amounts from the Fund submit 
        to the governing body of the Fund an investment plan that--
                    (A) will achieve significant reductions in 
                national-level greenhouse gas emissions; and
                    (B) in the case of a country that is not classified 
                by the World Bank as having a low-income economy, 
                provides for not less than 15 percent of the total cost 
                of the plan to be contributed from the public funds of 
                the country.
    (c) Project and Program Requirements.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall use 
        the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to ensure 
        that support from the Fund is used exclusively to support the 
        deployment of clean energy technologies in developing countries 
        (including, where appropriate, through the provision of 
        technical support or support for policy or institutional 
        reforms) in a manner that achieves substantial additional 
        reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.
            (2) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Additional.--The term ``additional'' refers to 
                the extent to which a project or program supported 
                under this subsection results in lower greenhouse gas 
                emissions than would have occurred in the absence of 
                the project or program, taking into account, to the 
                extent practicable, effects beyond the physical 
                boundaries of the project or program that result from 
                project or program activities.
                    (B) Clean energy technology.--The term ``clean 
                energy technology'' means a technology that, as 
                compared with technologies being deployed at that time 
                for widespread commercial use in the country involved 
                does the following:
                            (i) Achieves substantial reductions in 
                        greenhouse gas emissions.
                            (ii) Does not result in significant 
                        incremental adverse effects on public health or 
                        the environment.
                            (iii) Does one or more of the following:
                                    (I) Generates electricity or useful 
                                thermal energy from a non-fossil 
                                renewable resource.
                                    (II) Substantially increases the 
                                energy efficiency of buildings or 
                                industrial processes, or of electricity 
                                transmission, distribution, or end-use 
                                consumption.
                                    (III) Substantially increases the 
                                energy efficiency of the transportation 
                                system or increases utilization of 
                                transportation fuels that have 
                                lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions that 
                                are substantially lower than those 
                                attributable to fossil fuel-based 
                                alternatives.
    (d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 240 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
the Treasury shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives 
a report describing--
            (1) the purpose of and progress on each project supported 
        by the Fund; and
            (2) how each such project furthers the investment plan 
        described in subsection (b)(2) of each country in which the 
        project is implemented.

SEC. 214. AUTHORIZING APPROPRIATIONS FOR UNITED STATES CONTRIBUTIONS TO 
              THE GREEN CLIMATE FUND.

    (a) United States Contributions.--On behalf of the United States, 
the Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of State may contribute 
annually up to a total of $1,000,000,000 to the Green Climate Fund 
established by the United Nations (in this section referred to as the 
``GCF'').
    (b) Limits on Country Access.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall 
use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States to ensure 
that--
            (1) the GCF does not provide more than approximately 15 
        percent of the resources of the Fund to any one country;
            (2) each country that receives amounts from the GCF submit 
        to the governing body of the Fund an investment plan that--
                    (A) energy production projects will achieve 
                significant reductions in national-level greenhouse gas 
                emissions; and
                    (B) adaptation projects provide long-term 
                enhancements to national and food security; protect 
                lives, livelihoods; or ensure lasting access to 
                freshwater resources and public health outcomes; and
            (3) in the case of a country that is not classified by the 
        World Bank as having a low-income economy, provides for not 
        less than 15 percent of the total cost of the plan to be 
        contributed from the public funds of the country.
    (c) Project and Program Requirements.--The Secretary of the 
Treasury shall use the voice, vote, and influence of the United States 
to ensure that support from the GCF is used exclusively to support the 
deployment by developing countries of clean energy technologies and 
development of projects that improve a countries' resilience capacities 
and ability to adapt to the effects of climate change (including, where 
appropriate, through the provision of technical support or support for 
policy or institutional reforms).
    (d) Report to Congress.--Not later than 240 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
the Treasury shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
Committee on Finance of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs 
and the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives 
a report describing--
            (1) the purpose of and progress on each project supported 
        by the Fund; and
            (2) how each such project furthers the investment plan 
        described in subsection (b)(2) of each country in which the 
        project is implemented.

SEC. 215. ENERGY DIPLOMACY AND SECURITY WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

    (a) In General.--Section 1(c) of the State Department Basic 
Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a(c)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following new 
        paragraph:
            ``(4) Assistant secretary of state for energy resources.--
                    ``(A) Authorization for assistant secretary.--
                Subject to the numerical limitation specified in 
                paragraph (1), there is authorized to be established in 
                the Department of State an Assistant Secretary of State 
                for Energy Resources.
                    ``(B) Responsibilities.--The Assistant Secretary 
                authorized to be established by this paragraph shall be 
                responsible for the execution of diplomatic activities 
                related to, and support for the advancement of foreign 
                policy dedicated to, energy matters within the 
                Department of State for--
                            ``(i) formulating and implementing 
                        international policies, in coordination with 
                        the Secretaries of Energy and Transportation, 
                        as appropriate, aimed at protecting and 
                        advancing United States energy security 
                        interests and promoting the responsible 
                        development of global energy resources by 
                        effectively managing United States bilateral 
                        and multilateral relations;
                            ``(ii) ensuring that the Department of 
                        State's analyses and decision-making processes 
                        related to matters involving global energy 
                        development account for the effects the 
                        developments have on--
                                    ``(I) United States national 
                                security;
                                    ``(II) quality of life and public 
                                health of people, households, and 
                                communities, particularly vulnerable 
                                and underserved populations who lack 
                                access to reliable and low emission 
                                transportation systems or are affected 
                                by, or proximate to, energy 
                                development, transmission, and 
                                distribution projects;
                                    ``(III) United States economic 
                                interests;
                                    ``(IV) emissions of greenhouse 
                                gases that contribute to global climate 
                                change; and
                                    ``(V) local and regional land use, 
                                air and water quality, and risks to 
                                public health of communities described 
                                under subclause (II);
                            ``(iii) incorporating energy security and 
                        climate security into the policies, programs, 
                        and activities of the Department of State;
                            ``(iv) facilitating the efforts of 
                        countries to implement just transitions from 
                        carbon intensive power production and carbon 
                        intensive industries to low and zero carbon 
                        emitting power sources and to lower 
                        decarbonized industrial processes;
                            ``(v) coordinating energy activities within 
                        the Department of State and with relevant 
                        Federal agencies;
                            ``(vi) working internationally--
                                    ``(I) to support socially and 
                                environmentally responsible development 
                                of energy resources that reduce carbon 
                                emissions, and the distribution of such 
                                resources for the benefit of the United 
                                States and United States allies and 
                                trading partners for their energy 
                                security, climate security, and 
                                economic development needs;
                                    ``(II) to promote the availability 
                                of clean energy technologies, including 
                                low and zero emission vehicles and 
                                carbon capture and storage, and a well-
                                functioning global market for energy 
                                resources, technologies, and expertise 
                                for the benefit of the United States 
                                and United States allies and trading 
                                partners;
                                    ``(III) to facilitate the planning, 
                                design, engineering, development of 
                                livable communities that utilize 
                                multimodal transportation to reduce 
                                transportation sector greenhouse gas 
                                emissions, reduce congestion and 
                                improve commerce and quality of life 
                                for affected residents;
                                    ``(IV) to resolve international 
                                disputes regarding the exploration, 
                                development, production, or 
                                distribution of energy resources;
                                    ``(V) to support the economic, 
                                security, and commercial interests of 
                                United States persons operating in the 
                                energy markets of foreign countries; 
                                and
                                    ``(VI) to support and coordinate 
                                international efforts--
                                            ``(aa) to alleviate energy 
                                        poverty;
                                            ``(bb) to protect 
                                        vulnerable, exploited, and 
                                        underserved populations that 
                                        are affected or displaced by 
                                        energy development projects;
                                            ``(cc) to account for and 
                                        reduce greenhouse gas emission 
                                        from energy development 
                                        projects; and
                                            ``(dd) to increase access 
                                        to energy for vulnerable and 
                                        underserved communities;
                            ``(vii) leading the United States 
                        commitment to the Extractive Industries 
                        Transparency Initiative;
                            ``(viii) representing the United States at 
                        the United Nations' Partnership for Clean Fuels 
                        and Vehicles;
                            ``(ix) coordinating within the Department 
                        of State and with relevant Federal departments 
                        and agencies on developing and implementing 
                        international energy-related sanctions; and
                            ``(x) coordinating energy security and 
                        climate security and other relevant functions 
                        within the Department of State undertaken as of 
                        the date of the enactment of this paragraph 
                        by--
                                    ``(I) the Bureau of Economic and 
                                Business Affairs of the Department of 
                                State;
                                    ``(II) the Bureau of Oceans and 
                                International Environmental and 
                                Scientific Affairs of the Department of 
                                State; and
                                    ``(III) other offices within the 
                                Department of State.''.
    (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 931 of the Energy Independence 
and Security Act of 2007 (42 U.S.C. 17371) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsections (a) and (b); and
            (2) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections 
        (a) and (b), respectively.

SEC. 216. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE KIGALI AMENDMENT TO THE MONTREAL 
              PROTOCOL.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) hydrofluorocarbons are highly potent greenhouse gases;
            (2) the United States must work cooperatively with the 
        international community to significantly reduce 
        hydrofluorocarbons in commerce;
            (3) the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, adopted 
        in October 2016 at the 28th Meeting of the Parties to the 
        Montreal Protocol in Kigali, Rwanda, provides the legal 
        framework for global cooperation on reducing hydrofluorocarbons 
        in global commerce;
            (4) the United States is a leader in chemical and 
        technological innovation that is at the forefront of developing 
        safer chemical alternatives to hydrofluorocarbons and the 
        technologies to use those new replacement chemicals;
            (5) industrial sectors in other countries, such as the 
        People's Republic of China, are working quickly to catch up to 
        the United States in developing and marketing chemical and 
        technological alternatives that support the phasedown of 
        hydrofluorocarbons in global commerce in accordance with the 
        Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol; and
            (6) United States chemical and refrigeration industries are 
        disadvantaged in the global marketplace because the United 
        States has not ratified the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal 
        Protocol.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It should be the policy of the United 
States--
            (1) to ratify the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal 
        Protocol; and
            (2) to enact legislation providing sufficient authorities 
        for the United States to comply with the Kigali Amendment to 
        the Montreal Protocol.
    (c) Definition of Montreal Protocol.--In this section, the term 
``Montreal Protocol'' means the Montreal Protocol on Substances that 
Deplete the Ozone Layer, done at Montreal September 16, 1987.

               Subtitle B--International Security Matters

SEC. 221. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
                Committee on Armed Services, the Select Committee on 
                Intelligence, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee 
                on Armed Services, the Permanent Select Committee on 
                Intelligence, and the Committee on Appropriations of 
                the House of Representatives.
            (2) Company.--The term ``company'' means any corporation, 
        company, limited liability company, limited partnership, 
        business trust, business association, or other similar entity.
            (3) Foreign ownership, control, or influence; foci.--The 
        terms ``foreign ownership, control, or influence'' and ``FOCI'' 
        have the meanings given those terms in the National Industrial 
        Security Program Operating Manual (DOD 5220.22-M), or a 
        successor document.
            (4) Incremental expenses.--The term ``incremental 
        expenses''--
                    (A) means the reasonable and proper cost of the 
                goods and services that are consumed by a country as a 
                direct result of the participation of that country in 
                training under the authority of this title, including 
                rations, fuel, training ammunition, and transportation; 
                and
                    (B) does not include pay, allowances, or other 
                normal costs of the personnel of a country.
            (5) Other security forces.--The term ``other security 
        forces''--
                    (A) includes national security forces that conduct 
                maritime security; and
                    (B) does not include self-described militias or 
                paramilitary organizations.

SEC. 222. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It shall be the policy of the United States to--
            (1) exercise freedom of operations in the international 
        waters and airspace in the Indo-Pacific maritime domains, which 
        are critical to the prosperity, stability, and security of the 
        Indo-Pacific region;
            (2) maintain forward-deployed forces in the Indo-Pacific 
        region, including a rotational bomber presence, integrated 
        missile defense capabilities, long-range precision fires, 
        undersea warfare capabilities, and diversified and resilient 
        basing and rotational presence (including support for pre-
        positioning strategies);
            (3) strengthen and deepen the alliances and partnerships of 
        the United States to build capacity and capabilities, increase 
        multilateral partnerships, modernize communications 
        architecture, address anti-access and area denial challenges, 
        and increase joint exercises and security cooperation efforts;
            (4) reaffirm the commitment and support of the United 
        States for allies and partners in the Indo-Pacific region, 
        including longstanding United States policy regarding--
                    (A) Article V of the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation 
                and Security between the United States and Japan, 
                signed at Washington January 19, 1960;
                    (B) Article III of the Mutual Defense Treaty 
                between the United States and the Republic of Korea, 
                signed at Washington October 1, 1953;
                    (C) Article IV of the Mutual Defense Treaty between 
                the United States and the Republic of the Philippines, 
                signed at Washington August 30, 1951, including that, 
                as the South China Sea is part of the Pacific, any 
                armed attack on Philippine forces, aircraft or public 
                vessels in the South China Sea will trigger mutual 
                defense obligations under Article IV of our mutual 
                defense treaty;
                    (D) Article IV of the Australia, New Zealand, 
                United States Security Treaty, done at San Francisco 
                September 1, 1951; and
                    (E) the Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty, 
                done at Manila September 8, 1954, together with the 
                Thanat-Rusk Communique of 1962; and
            (5) ensure the continuity of operations by the United 
        States Armed Forces in the Indo-Pacific region, including, as 
        appropriate, in cooperation with partners and allies, in order 
        to reaffirm the principle of freedom of operations in 
        international waters and airspace in accordance with 
        established principles and practices of international law.

SEC. 223. ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR THE SECURITY OF THE INDO-PACIFIC 
              REGION.

    There is authorized to be appropriated, for each of fiscal years 
2021 through 2025, $125,000,000 for the Department of Defense for 
activities in the Indo-Pacific region and to strengthen alliances and 
partnerships, infrastructure, platforms, and posture to ensure a 
credible Indo-Pacific-region-wide defense strategy in accordance with 
the principles set forth in sections 4, 202, and 222.

SEC. 224. PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS TO WITHDRAW THE UNITED STATES 
              ARMED FORCES FROM JAPAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA.

    (a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), 
notwithstanding any other provision of law, no Federal funds are 
authorized to be appropriated to take any action to--
            (1) withdraw or otherwise reduce the overall presence, 
        including the rotational presence, of United States Armed 
        Forces personnel and civilian employees of the Department of 
        Defense in Japan and the Republic of Korea;
            (2) close or change the status of any base or other 
        facility of the United States Armed Forces located in Japan or 
        the Republic of Korea; or
            (3) withdraw or otherwise reduce the overall presence of 
        United States Armed Forces assets in Japan or the Republic of 
        Korea.
    (b) Exceptions.--The prohibition under subsection (a) shall not 
apply if--
            (1) the host government transmits to the United States 
        Government a written request for such a withdrawal or other 
        reduction; or
            (2)(A) the President declares the intent to take an action 
        described in subsection (a);
            (B) not later than 90 days before initiating an action 
        described in subsection (a), the President submits to the 
        appropriate congressional committees notice of such intent that 
        includes--
                    (i) a justification for the action;
                    (ii) the number of members of the United States 
                Armed Forces or civilian employees of the Department of 
                Defense to be withdrawn or reduced, as applicable;
                    (iii) a description of the United States Armed 
                Forces assets to be withdrawn or reduced, as 
                applicable;
                    (iv) a description of any base or facility of the 
                United States Armed Forces in Japan or the Republic of 
                Korea to be subject to closure or change of status, as 
                applicable;
                    (v) an explanation of the national security benefit 
                of the action to the United States and regional allies 
                and partners; and
                    (vi) a plan to offset the reduction in United 
                States conventional deterrence against the People's 
                Republic of China and the Democratic People's Republic 
                of Korea caused by the action; and
            (C) the Secretary of Defense certifies that rotational 
        forces, which are globally available, are needed for a 
        contingency in another area of responsibility.
    (c) Public Testimony.--Not later than 14 days after the submittal 
of the notice required by subparagraph (B), the Secretary of State and 
the Secretary of Defense shall testify before the appropriate 
committees of Congress in public session on such withdrawal or 
reduction.

SEC. 225. ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR FOREIGN MILITARY FINANCING IN THE 
              INDO-PACIFIC.

    (a) Foreign Military Sales Funding.--In addition to any amount 
appropriated pursuant to section 23 of the Arms Export Control Act (22 
U.S.C. 2763) (relating to foreign military financing assistance), there 
is authorized to be appropriated $70,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
2021 through fiscal year 2025 for activities in the Indo-Pacific region 
in accordance with this section.
    (b) Maritime Law Enforcement Initiative.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $7,500,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through fiscal 
year 2025 for the Department of State for International Narcotics 
Control and Law Enforcement (INCLE) for the support of the Southeast 
Asia Maritime Law Enforcement Initiative.
    (c) Foreign Military Financing Compact Pilot Program.--
            (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized 
        to be appropriated $200,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 
        and 2022 for the creation of a pilot program for foreign 
        military financing compacts.
            (2) Assistance.--The Secretary of State is authorized to 
        create a pilot program, for a duration of two years, with an 
        assessment for any additional or permanent programming, to 
        provide assistance under this section for each country that 
        enters into an FMF Challenge Compact with the United States 
        pursuant to paragraph (7) to support policies and programs that 
        advance the progress of the country in achieving lasting 
        security and civilian-military governance through respect for 
        human rights, good governance (including transparency and free 
        and fair elections), and cooperation with United States and 
        international counter-terrorism, anti-trafficking, and counter-
        crime efforts and programs.
            (3) Form of assistance.--Assistance under this subsection 
        may be provided in the form of grants, cooperative agreements, 
        contracts, or no-interest loans to the government of an 
        eligible country described in paragraph (5).
            (4) Application.--The Secretary of State, in consultation 
        with the Secretary of Defense, shall develop and recommend 
        procedures for considering solicited and unsolicited proposals 
        for compacts under this pilot program.
            (5) Eligible countries.--A country shall be a candidate 
        country for purposes of eligibility for assistance for fiscal 
        year 2021 and 2022 if--
                    (A)(i) the country is eligible for assistance from 
                the International Development Association, and the per 
                capita income of the country is equal to or less than 
                the historical ceiling of the International Development 
                Association for that year, as defined by the 
                International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; 
                or
                    (ii) is classified as a lower middle income country 
                in the then most recent edition of the World 
                Development Report for Reconstruction and Development 
                published by the International Bank for Reconstruction 
                and Development and has an income greater than the 
                historical ceiling for International Development 
                Association eligibility for the fiscal year involved; 
                and
                    (B) the Secretary of State determines that the 
                country has demonstrated a commitment to just and 
                democratic governance, including a demonstrated 
                commitment to--
                            (i) promote political pluralism, equality, 
                        and the rule of law;
                            (ii) respect for human and civil rights, 
                        including the rights of people with 
                        disabilities and the rights of persons 
                        regardless of sexual orientation or religious 
                        practice or absence of same, including by 
                        pursuing effective measures against the 
                        trafficking of persons;
                            (iii) protect private property rights;
                            (iv) encourage transparency and 
                        accountability of government;
                            (v) combat corruption; and
                            (vi) institute effective civilian control, 
                        professionalization, and accountability of the 
                        armed forces, and that such forces respect 
                        human rights.
            (6) Identification of eligible countries.--Not later than 
        90 days prior to the date on which the Secretary of State 
        determines eligible countries for an FMF Challenge Compact, the 
        Secretary--
                    (A) shall prepare and submit to the appropriate 
                congressional committees a report that contains a list 
                of all eligible countries identified that have met the 
                requirements under paragraph (5) for the fiscal year; 
                and
                    (B) shall consult with the appropriate 
                congressional committees on the extent to which such 
                countries meet the criteria described in paragraph (5).
            (7) FMF challenge compact.--
                    (A) Compact.--The Secretary of State may provide 
                assistance for an eligible country only if the country 
                enters into an agreement with the United States, to be 
                known as an ``FMF Challenge Compact'' (in this 
                paragraph referred to as a ``Compact'') that 
                establishes a multi-year plan for achieving shared 
                security objectives in furtherance of the purposes of 
                this title.
                    (B) Elements.--The elements of the Compact shall be 
                those listed in paragraph (5) for determining 
                eligibility, and be designed to significantly advance 
                the performance of those commitments during the period 
                of the Compact.
                    (C) In general.--The Compact should take into 
                account the national strategy of the eligible country 
                and shall include--
                            (i) the specific objectives that the 
                        country and the United States expect to achieve 
                        during the term of the Compact;
                            (ii) the responsibilities of the country 
                        and the United States in the achievement of 
                        such objectives;
                            (iii) regular benchmarks to measure, where 
                        appropriate, progress toward achieving such 
                        objectives; and
                            (iv) the strategy of the eligible country 
                        to sustain progress made toward achieving such 
                        objectives after expiration of the Compact.
            (8) Congressional consultation prior to compact 
        negotiations.--Not later than 15 days before commencing 
        negotiations of a Compact with an eligible country, the 
        Secretary of State shall consult with the appropriate 
        congressional committees with respect to the proposed Compact 
        negotiation and shall identify the objectives and mechanisms to 
        be used for the negotiation of the Compact.
            (9) Assessment of pilot program and recommendations.--Not 
        later than 90 days after the conclusion of the pilot program, 
        the Secretary of State shall provide a report to the 
        appropriate congressional committees with respect to the pilot 
        program, assess the success and utility of the pilot program 
        established under this subsection in meeting objectives, and 
        make a recommendation for continuing on a pilot or permanent 
        basis with a further foreign military financing compact 
        program.

SEC. 226. ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR INTERNATIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION AND 
              TRAINING IN THE INDO-PACIFIC.

    There is authorized to be appropriated for each of fiscal years 
2021 through fiscal year 2025 for the Department of State, out of 
amounts appropriated or otherwise made available for assistance under 
chapter 5 of part II of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2347 et seq.) (relating to international military education and 
training (IMET) assistance), $45,000,000 for activities in the Indo-
Pacific region in accordance with this Act.

SEC. 227. PRIORITIZING EXCESS DEFENSE ARTICLE TRANSFERS FOR THE INDO-
              PACIFIC.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States Government should prioritize the review of excess defense 
article transfers to Indo-Pacific partners.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--The Secretary of the Navy shall develop a 
five year plan to prioritize excess defense article transfers to the 
Indo-Pacific.
    (c) Transfer Authority.--Section 516(c)(2) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j(c)(2)) is amended by striking 
``and to the Philippines'' and inserting ``to the Philippines, and to 
other major non-NATO allies of the United States located in the Indo-
Pacific region (including Japan, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, 
Australia and New Zealand) and other maritime Association of Southeast 
Asian Nations (ASEAN) member states''.
    (d) Required Coordination.--The United States Government shall 
coordinate and align excess defense article transfers with capacity 
building efforts of regional allies and partners.

SEC. 228. PRIORITIZING EXCESS NAVAL VESSEL TRANSFERS FOR THE INDO-
              PACIFIC.

    (a) Authority.--The President is authorized to transfer to a 
government of a country listed pursuant to the amendment made under 
section 227(c) one OLIVER HAZARD PERRY class guided missile frigate on 
a grant basis under section 516 of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 
(22 U.S.C. 2321j).
    (b) Grants Not Counted in Annual Total of Transferred Excess 
Defense Articles.--The value of a vessel transferred to another country 
on a grant basis pursuant to authority provided by this section shall 
not be counted against the aggregate value of excess defense articles 
transferred in any fiscal year under section 516 of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j).
    (c) Costs of Transfers.--Any expense incurred by the United States 
in connection with a transfer authorized by this section shall be 
charged to the recipient notwithstanding section 516(e) of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321j(e)).
    (d) Repair and Refurbishment in United States Shipyards.--To the 
maximum extent practicable, the President shall require, as a condition 
of the transfer of a vessel under this subsection, that the recipient 
to which the vessel is transferred have such repair or refurbishment of 
the vessel as is needed, before the vessel joins the naval forces of 
that recipient, performed at a shipyard located in the United States.
    (e) Expiration of Authority.--The authority to transfer a vessel 
under this section shall expire at the end of the 3-year period 
beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 229. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ARMS EXPORTS AND HUMAN RIGHTS.

    It is the Sense of Congress that--
            (1) one of the primary purposes for controlling the export 
        of defense articles and defense services to foreign countries 
        is to prevent such exports from being used in violation of 
        international humanitarian law or international human rights 
        law, including requiring accountability for any such 
        violations, and to ensure that the sale, export, or transfer of 
        such articles and services serves to encourage foreign 
        countries to fully comply with international humanitarian law 
        and international human rights law;
            (2) provision of security assistance, including the 
        provision of defense articles and defense services, pursuant to 
        the authorities and in conformity with the principles of this 
        Act, should only be done in accordance with and to support and 
        promote this purpose; and
            (3) such security assistance, including the provision of 
        defense articles and defense services controlled for export, 
        should not be provided to a unit of the security forces of any 
        country if such unit--
                    (A) has violated international humanitarian law and 
                has not been credibly investigated and subjected to a 
                credible and transparent judicial process addressing 
                such allegation; or
                    (B) has committed a gross violation of human 
                rights, and has not been credibly investigated and 
                subjected to a credible and transparent judicial 
                process addressing such allegation, including--
                            (i) torture or rape;
                            (ii) ethnic cleansing of civilians;
                            (iii) recruitment or use of child soldiers;
                            (iv) falsely imprisoning, or engaging in 
                        the targeted killing of, political opponents;
                            (v) the operation of, or effective control 
                        or direction over, secret detention facilities; 
                        or
                            (vi) extrajudicial killings, whether by 
                        military, security, or police forces.

SEC. 230. ENHANCING THE UNITED STATES-TAIWAN DEFENSE RELATIONSHIP.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that it should 
be the policy of the Department of Defense, consistent with the Taiwan 
Relations Act (Public Law 96-8; 22 U.S.C. 3301 et seq.), to support the 
asymmetric defense strategy of Taiwan, including the development of the 
undersea warfare and air defense capabilities of Taiwan.
    (b) Required Department of Defense Actions.--The Secretary of 
Defense shall make efforts to include the military forces of Taiwan in 
bilateral and multilateral military exercises, as appropriate, to 
bolster the defense capabilities of Taiwan.

SEC. 231. REPORT ON UNITED STATES EFFORTS TO ENGAGE THE PEOPLE'S 
              REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON NUCLEAR ISSUES AND BALLISTIC MISSILE 
              ISSUES.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States that--
            (1) an arms control dialogue with the Government of China, 
        coordinated with United States allies and shaped by a coherent 
        Indo-Pacific strategy, is in the national security interests of 
        the United States; and
            (2) the United States Government should formulate a 
        strategy to engage the Government of China on relevant 
        bilateral issues that lays the groundwork for bringing the 
        People's Republic of China into an arms control framework, 
        including--
                    (A) fostering bilateral dialogue on arms control 
                leading to the convening of bilateral strategic 
                stability talks;
                    (B) negotiating norms for outer space;
                    (C) developing pre-launch notification regimes 
                aimed at reducing nuclear miscalculation; and
                    (D) expanding lines of communication between both 
                governments for the purposes of reducing the risks of 
                conventional war and increasing transparency.
    (b) Report on the Future of United States-China Arms Control.--Not 
later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 
Secretary of State, in coordination with the Secretary of Defense and 
the Secretary of Energy, shall submit to the appropriate committees of 
Congress a report, and if necessary a separate classified annex, that 
examines the approaches and strategic effects of engaging the 
Government of China on arms control, including--
            (1) areas of potential dialogue between the Governments of 
        the United States and the People's Republic of China, including 
        on nuclear, ballistic, and cruise missiles, conventional 
        forces, space, and cyberspace issues, as well as other new 
        strategic domains, which could reduce the likelihood of war, 
        limit escalation if a conflict were to occur, and constrain a 
        destabilizing arms race in the Indo-Pacific;
            (2) how the United States Government can foster increased 
        interest on the part of the Government of China in arms 
        control;
            (3) identifying strategic military capabilities of the 
        People's Republic of China that the United States Government is 
        most concerned about and how limiting these capabilities may 
        benefit United States and allied security interests;
            (4) opportunities for multilateral arms control in the 
        Indo-Pacific region;
            (5) mechanisms to avoid, manage, or control nuclear, 
        conventional, and unconventional military escalation between 
        the United States and the People's Republic of China; and
            (6) opportunities and methods to create strategic 
        transparency between the United States and the People's 
        Republic of China.
    (c) Report on Arms Control Talks With the Russian Federation and 
the People's Republic of China.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation 
with the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Energy, shall submit 
to the appropriate committees of Congress a report that describes--
            (1) a concrete plan for arms control talks that includes 
        both the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation;
            (2) if a trilateral arms control dialogue does not arise, 
        what alternative plans the Department of State envisages for 
        ensuring United States security from Russian and Chinese 
        nuclear weapons;
            (3) efforts at engaging the People's Republic of China to 
        join arms control talks, whether on a bilateral or multilateral 
        basis; and
            (4) the interest level of the Government of China in 
        joining arms control talks, whether on a bilateral or 
        multilateral basis.
    (d) Extension of New START.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in coordination 
with the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the 
Director of National Intelligence, shall submit to the appropriate 
committees of Congress a report, and a separate classified annex, that 
includes the following elements:
            (1) The strategy behind the decision to extend or not 
        extend New START.
            (2) If New START were allowed to expire, an assessment of 
        whether such an expiration is in the national security 
        interests of the United States, including the specific reasons 
        for such conclusion.
            (3) An examination of the effects of the expiration of New 
        START on--
                    (A) strategic stability with the Russian 
                Federation;
                    (B) the United States nuclear budget;
                    (C) spending on United States conventional forces 
                as a result of increased nuclear spending; and
                    (D) international nuclear nonproliferation efforts.
            (4) An assessment of how the Government of the Russian 
        Federation will modify its nuclear forces in an unconstrained 
        environment and how the United States Government will respond 
        if the Government of the Russian Federation expands its 
        arsenal.
            (5) An assessment of how the United States Government will 
        need to alter intelligence capabilities and spending to regain, 
        if possible, the knowledge of the Russian Federation's arsenal 
        that is currently provided by the inspection and verification 
        mechanisms inherent to New START.

SEC. 232. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON MARITIME FREEDOM OF OPERATIONS IN 
              INTERNATIONAL WATERWAYS AND AIRSPACE OF THE INDO-PACIFIC 
              AND ON ARTIFICIAL LAND FEATURES IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--Congress--
            (1) condemns coercive and threatening actions or the use of 
        force to impede freedom of operations in international airspace 
        by military or civilian aircraft, to alter the status quo, or 
        to destabilize the Indo-Pacific region;
            (2) urges the Government of China to refrain from 
        implementing the declared East China Sea Air Defense 
        Identification Zone (ADIZ), or an ADIZ in the South China Sea, 
        which is contrary to freedom of overflight in international 
        airspace, and to refrain from taking similar provocative 
        actions elsewhere in the Indo-Pacific region;
            (3) reaffirms that the 2016 Arbitral Tribunal's decision is 
        final and legally binding on both parties and that the People's 
        Republic of China's claims to offshore resources across most of 
        the South China Sea are unlawful;
            (4) condemns the People's Republic of China for failing to 
        abide by the 2016 Arbitral Tribunal's ruling, despite Chinese 
        obligations as a state party to the United Nations Convention 
        on the Law of the Sea;
            (5) rejects the People's Republic of China's unlawful 
        maritime claim within the Philippines' Exclusive Economic Zone 
        (EEZ) or on its continental shelf;
            (6) rejects the People's Republic of China's claim to 
        waters beyond a 12 nautical mile territorial sea derived from 
        islands it claims in the Spratly Islands; and
            (7) rejects the People's Republic of China's unlawful 
        territorial or maritime claim to the James shoal.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States to--
            (1) reaffirm its commitment and support for allies and 
        partners in the Indo-Pacific region, including longstanding 
        United States policy regarding Article V of the United States-
        Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty and reaffirm its position 
        that Article V of the United States-Japan Mutual Defense Treaty 
        applies to the Japanese-administered Senkaku Islands;
            (2) oppose claims that impinge on the rights, freedoms, and 
        lawful use of the sea, or the airspace above it, that belong to 
        all nations, and oppose the militarization of new and reclaimed 
        land features in the South China Sea;
            (3) urge all parties to refrain from engaging in 
        destabilizing activities, including illegal occupation or 
        efforts to unlawfully assert administration over disputed 
        claims;
            (4) ensure that disputes are managed without intimidation, 
        coercion, or force;
            (5) call on all claimants to clarify or adjust claims in 
        accordance with international law;
            (6) uphold the principle that territorial and maritime 
        claims, including territorial waters or territorial seas, must 
        be derived from land features and otherwise comport with 
        international law;
            (7) oppose the imposition of new fishing regulations 
        covering disputed areas in the South China Sea, regulations 
        which have raised tensions in the region;
            (8) support efforts by ASEAN and the People's Republic of 
        China to develop an effective Code of Conduct, including the 
        ``early harvest'' of agreed-upon elements in the Code of 
        Conduct that can be implemented immediately;
            (9) reaffirm that an existing body of international rules 
        and guidelines, including the International Regulations for 
        Preventing Collisions at Sea, done at London October 12, 1972 
        (COLREGs), is sufficient to ensure the safety of navigation 
        between the United States Armed Forces and the forces of other 
        countries, including the People's Republic of China;
            (10) support the development of regional institutions and 
        bodies, including the ASEAN Regional Forum, the ASEAN Defense 
        Minister's Meeting Plus, the East Asia Summit, and the expanded 
        ASEAN Maritime Forum, to build practical cooperation in the 
        region and reinforce the role of international law;
            (11) encourage the deepening of partnerships with other 
        countries in the region for maritime domain awareness and 
        capacity building, as well as efforts by the United States 
        Government to explore the development of appropriate 
        multilateral mechanisms for a ``common operating picture'' in 
        the South China Sea that would serve to help countries avoid 
        destabilizing behavior and deter risky and dangerous 
        activities;
            (12) oppose actions by any country to prevent any other 
        country from exercising its sovereign rights to the resources 
        of the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and continental shelf by 
        making claims to those areas in the South China Sea that have 
        no support in international law; and
            (13) assure the continuity of operations by the United 
        States in the Indo-Pacific region, including, when appropriate, 
        in cooperation with partners and allies, to reaffirm the 
        principle of freedom of operations in international waters and 
        airspace in accordance with established principles and 
        practices of international law.

SEC. 233. STATEMENT OF POLICY ON BECOMING A STATE PARTY TO THE UNITED 
              NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) becoming a state party to the United Nations Convention 
        on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), done at Montego Bay on December 
        10, 1992, would help protect and advance United States national 
        and economic security including by--
                    (A) ensuring worldwide access to get our troops to 
                the fight, to sustain them during the fight, and to get 
                back home without the permission of other countries;
                    (B) influencing the resolution of disputes between 
                the People's Republic of China and our allies in the 
                South China Sea and elsewhere;
                    (C) ensuring that the United States is able to 
                assert an internationally accepted claim to its share 
                of the Arctic;
                    (D) providing United States companies with the 
                legal certainty they need to secure rare earth minerals 
                from the deep seabed; and
                    (E) allowing United States companies the full 
                protection of the treaty's framework for laying and 
                protecting submarine cables;
            (2) becoming a state party to the Convention would give the 
        United States the voice and vote in decisions relating to 
        deliberative matters under the Convention and thereby improve 
        the ability of the United States to--
                    (A) intervene as a full party to disputes relating 
                to navigational rights, maritime security, energy 
                development, transcontinental commerce, marine 
                conservation, and environmental destruction; and
                    (B) defend United States interpretations of the 
                Convention's provisions and United States interests, 
                including those relating to whether coastal States have 
                a right under UNCLOS to regulate foreign military 
                activities in their EEZs;
            (3) the People's Republic of China's construction of 
        artificial islands, in support of China's expanding military 
        presence in the Pacific theatre, in the territorial waters of 
        its neighbors along the South China Sea are hostile acts that 
        escalate tensions between the People's Republic of China and 
        its neighbors, infringe on the sovereignty of China's 
        neighbors' EEZs, and have resulted in an arbitration under the 
        UNCLOS in which the arbitral tribunal ruled against the 
        People's Republic of China;
            (4) the United States status as a nonparty to UNCLOS 
        resulted in the United States exclusion from the Permanent 
        Court of Arbitration's July 12, 2016, case in the matter of the 
        South China Sea arbitration, wherein the Permanent Court of 
        Arbitration stated that ``the Tribunal forwarded to the Parties 
        for their comment a Note Verbale from the Embassy of the United 
        States of America, requesting to send a representative to 
        observe the hearing'' and ``the Tribunal communicated to the 
        Parties and the U.S. Embassy that it had decided that `only 
        interested States parties to the United Nations Convention on 
        the Law of the Sea will be admitted as observers' and thus 
        could not accede to the U.S. request'';
            (5) relying on customary international norms and on other 
        countries to assert claims on behalf of the United States is 
        insufficient to defend and uphold United States national and 
        economic security and United States sovereign rights and 
        interests;
            (6) the Senate should urgently provide advice and consent 
        to ratification of the United Nations Convention on the Law of 
        the Sea; and
            (7) the United States should urgently become a state party 
        to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.

SEC. 234. REPORT ON ROLES, MISSIONS, AND CAPABILITIES OF INDO-PACIFIC 
              PARTNERS.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of Defense, in consultation with the Secretary of 
State, shall report to the appropriate congressional committees with an 
assessment of engagement with each major United States treaty or 
security partner in the Indo-Pacific region in mutual dialogue on any 
on-going roles, missions, and capabilities (RMC) discussions, and an 
enumeration of jointly agreed recommendations for acquisition, 
platform, infrastructure, training, posture, and other measures 
necessary to assure that capabilities and capacity exist to execute all 
identified RMC, including to address anti-access and area denial 
challenges in the region.

SEC. 235. INDO-PACIFIC MARITIME SECURITY INITIATIVE.

    (a) Program Authorized.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in coordination 
        with the Secretary of Defense, is authorized to provide 
        assistance, for the purpose of increasing maritime security and 
        domain awareness for countries in the Indo-Pacific region--
                    (A) to provide assistance to national military or 
                other security forces of such countries that have 
                maritime security missions among their functional 
                responsibilities;
                    (B) to provide training to ministry, agency, and 
                headquarters level organizations for such forces; and
                    (C) to provide assistance to and training to other 
                relevant foreign affairs, maritime, or security-related 
                ministries, agencies, departments or offices that 
                manage and oversee maritime activities and policy that 
                the Secretary of State may so designate.
            (2) Designation of assistance.--Assistance provided by the 
        Secretary of State under this section shall be known as the 
        ``Indo-Pacific Maritime Security Initiative'' (in this section 
        referred to as the ``Initiative'').
    (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated to the Department of State $25,000,000 in fiscal year 2021 
and $50,000,000 in each of fiscal year 2022, fiscal year 2023, fiscal 
year 2024, and fiscal year 2025 to be used for purposes of training and 
assistance under this Initiative.
    (c) Eligible Countries.--In selecting countries in the Indo-Pacific 
region to which assistance is to be provided under the Initiative, the 
Secretary of State shall prioritize the provision of assistance to 
countries that will contribute to the achievement of the following 
objectives:
            (1) Retaining unhindered access to and use of international 
        waterways in the Indo-Pacific region that are critical to 
        ensuring the security and free flow of commerce and achieving 
        United States national security objectives.
            (2) Improving maritime domain awareness in the Indo-Pacific 
        region.
            (3) Countering piracy in the Indo-Pacific region.
            (4) Disrupting illicit maritime trafficking activities and 
        other forms of maritime trafficking activity in the Indo-
        Pacific that directly benefit organizations that have been 
        determined to be a security threat to the United States.
            (5) Enhancing the maritime capabilities of a country or 
        regional organization to respond to emerging threats to 
        maritime security in the Indo-Pacific region.
    (d) Priorities for Assistance.--
            (1) In general.--In carrying out the purpose of the 
        Initiative--
                    (A) priority shall be placed on assistance to 
                enhance the maritime security capabilities of the 
                military or security forces of countries in the Indo-
                Pacific region that have maritime missions and the 
                government agencies responsible for such forces; and
                    (B) assistance may be provided to a country in the 
                Indo-Pacific region to enhance the capabilities of that 
                country, or of a regional organization that includes 
                that country, to conduct--
                            (i) maritime intelligence, surveillance, 
                        and reconnaissance;
                            (ii) littoral and port security;
                            (iii) Coast Guard operations;
                            (iv) command and control; and
                            (v) management and oversight of maritime 
                        activities.
            (2) Types of assistance and training.--
                    (A) Authorized elements of assistance.--Assistance 
                provided under subsection (a)(1)(A) may include the 
                provision of equipment, training, and small-scale 
                military construction.
                    (B) Required elements of assistance and training.--
                Assistance and training provided under subsection (a) 
                shall include elements that promote--
                            (i) the observance of and respect for human 
                        rights; and
                            (ii) respect for legitimate civilian 
                        authority within the country to which the 
                        assistance is provided.
    (e) Joint Task Force.--The Department of Defense shall establish a 
joint, interagency task force to assess, respond to, and coordinate 
with allies and partners in response to the use of grey zone tactics by 
state and non-state actors in the Indo-Pacific maritime domain, 
including--
            (1) conducting domain awareness operations, intelligence 
        fusion, and multi-sensor correlation to detect, monitor, and 
        hand off suspected grey zone activities;
            (2) promoting security, cooperation, and capacity building; 
        and
            (3) coordinating country team and partner nation 
        initiatives in order to counter the use of grey zone tactics by 
        adversaries.
    (f) Annual Report.--The Secretary of State and the Secretary of 
Defense shall jointly submit to the appropriate committees of Congress 
each year a report on the status of the provision of equipment, 
training, supplies, or other services provided pursuant to the 
Initiative during the preceding 12 months.
    (g) Authority for Payment.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, if the 
        Secretary of State determines that the payment of incremental 
        expenses in connection with training described in subsection 
        (a)(1)(B) will facilitate the participation in such training of 
        organization personnel of foreign countries under subsection 
        (a)(1)(C), the Secretary may use amounts available under 
        subsection (b) for assistance and training under subsection (a) 
        for the payment of such incremental expenses.
            (2) Covered countries.--The foreign countries specified in 
        this paragraph are the following:
                    (A) Brunei.
                    (B) Singapore.
                    (C) Taiwan.
    (h) Notice to Congress on Assistance and Training.--Not later than 
15 days before exercising the authority under subsection (a) or (g) 
with respect to a recipient foreign country, the Secretary of State 
shall submit a notification in writing to the appropriate committees of 
Congress.

SEC. 236. REPORTING ON COUNTRIES PURCHASING ARMS FROM THE PEOPLE'S 
              REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) In General.--
            (1) Annual report.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary of State shall submit to the appropriate committees 
        of Congress a report identifying countries which have in the 
        prior two years acquired defense articles and any defense goods 
        or services provided by grant, loan, or by other means of 
        provision from the People's Republic of China.
            (2) Interim briefing.--Not later than 60 days after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Defense Intelligence 
        Agency shall provide an interim briefing on the report required 
        under paragraph (1) to the appropriate congressional 
        committees.
    (b) Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) a determination of countries that have purchased 
        Chinese-origin defense articles and any defense goods or 
        services provided by grant, loan, or by other means of 
        provision, and whether such purchases have increased over the 
        previous year;
            (2) a determination of which countries have provided 
        Chinese-origin defense articles and any defense goods or 
        services provided by grant, loan, or by other means of 
        provision to non-state actors;
            (3) a determination of whether the use of Chinese defense 
        articles and any defense goods or services provided by other 
        means by purchasing countries or non-state entities have been 
        used in conflict, and if this has resulted in civilian 
        casualties and, if so, an assessment of whether such casualties 
        are the result of deliberate targeting;
            (4) the types, quantities, purchase price or grant or 
        leased value, and general capabilities of such defense 
        articles, and when such articles have been or will be delivered 
        to such country, as well as any concessions by the Government 
        of China in terms of permitting in-country manufacturing, 
        concessional financing, or other incentives, concessions, or 
        cooperative measures associated with such sales; and
            (5) a technical assessment of such defense articles, 
        including the strengths, weaknesses, and reliability of the 
        defense articles compared to comparable United States defense 
        articles.
    (c) Form.--The report required under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified annex as 
necessary.
    (d) Defense Articles Defined.--In this section, the term ``defense 
articles'' means the following items:
            (1) Rockets, space launch vehicles, missiles, bombs 
        (including equipment to enable precision guidance), and 
        torpedoes.
            (2) Armored combat ground vehicles, including ground 
        vehicles and trailers that are armed or are specially designed 
        to be used as a firing or launch platform to deliver munitions 
        or otherwise destroy or incapacitate targets, excluding any 
        unarmed ground vehicles.
            (3) Aircraft, whether manned, unmanned, remotely piloted, 
        or optionally piloted, as follows:
                    (A) Bombers.
                    (B) Fighters, fighter/bombers, and fixed-wing 
                attack aircraft.
                    (C) Turbofan or turbojet powered trainers used to 
                train pilots for fighter, attack, or bomber aircraft.
                    (D) Attack helicopters.
                    (E) Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
                    (F) Aircraft specially designed to incorporate a 
                defense article for the purpose of performing an 
                intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance 
                function.
                    (G) Aircraft specially designed to incorporate a 
                defense article for the purpose of performing an 
                electronic warfare function, airborne warning and 
                control aircraft, or aircraft specially designed to 
                incorporate a defense article for the purpose of 
                performing a command, control, and communication 
                function.
            (4) Naval vessels, such as warships and other combatant 
        vessels (battleships, aircraft carriers, destroyers, frigates, 
        cruisers, corvettes, littoral combat ships, mine sweepers, mine 
        hunters, mine countermeasure ships, dock landing ships, 
        amphibious assault ships), Coast Guard vessels, or vessels 
        specially designed or easily converted to provide functions 
        equivalent to such vessels.
            (5) Submarines, submersibles and semi-submersibles.

  Subtitle C--Regional Strategies To Counter the People's Republic of 
                                 China

SEC. 240. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this subtitle, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Finance, and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Ways 
        and Means, and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.

                       PART I--WESTERN HEMISPHERE

SEC. 241. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING UNITED STATES-CANADA RELATIONS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States and Canada are close allies, 
        historically sharing values grounded in democracy, human 
        rights, transparency, and the rules-based international order 
        established after World War II;
            (2) without a common approach by the United States and 
        Canada on climate and environmental issues, the Arctic, energy 
        and connectivity issues, trade and commercial relations, 
        bilateral legal matters, and support for democracy and human 
        rights, the People's Republic of China will seek to expand its 
        influence over economic, political, and security issues in 
        Canada;
            (3) the relationship between the United States and Canada 
        has come under significant strain due to--
                    (A) tariff restrictions placed on Canada by the 
                Trump Administration; and
                    (B) personal attacks by President Trump and White 
                House advisors against senior leaders in the Canadian 
                Government;
            (4) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States and 
        Canada should maintain joint initiatives to address border 
        management, commercial and trade relations, a shared approach 
        with respect to the People's Republic of China, and 
        transnational challenges, including pandemics and climate 
        change;
            (5) the United States and Canada should enhance cooperation 
        to counter Chinese disinformation, influence operations, and 
        propaganda efforts;
            (6) the People's Republic of China's infrastructure 
        investments, particularly in 5G telecommunications technology 
        and port infrastructure, pose national security risks for the 
        United States and Canada; and
            (7) the United States should share, as appropriate, 
        intelligence gathered regarding--
                    (A) Huawei's 5G capabilities; and
                    (B) the Chinese Government's intentions with 
                respect to 5G expansion.

SEC. 242. SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA'S 
              ARBITRARY IMPRISONMENT OF CANADIAN CITIZENS.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Government of China's detention of Canadian 
        nationals Michael Spavor and Michael Kovrig appears to be a 
        politically motivated act of retaliation for the Government of 
        Canada's detention of Meng Wanzhou, which is deeply troubling;
            (2) the Government of China should--
                    (A) immediately release Michael Spavor and Michael 
                Kovrig; and
                    (B) guarantee due process for Canadian national 
                Robert Schellenberg; and
            (3) the United States must continue to support efforts by 
        the Government of Canada in calling for the immediate release 
        of Canadian citizens in the People's Republic of China.

SEC. 243. STRATEGY TO ENHANCE COOPERATION WITH CANADA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit a strategy to the 
Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Armed Services of 
the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on 
Armed Services of the House of Representatives that describes how the 
United States will enhance cooperation with the Government of Canada in 
managing relations with the Government of China.
    (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall--
            (1) identify key policy points of convergence and 
        divergence between the United States and Canada in managing 
        relations with the People's Republic of China in the areas of 
        technology, trade, and economic practices;
            (2) include the development of working groups with Canadian 
        counterparts to enhance the cooperation between the United 
        States and Canada with respect to--
                    (A) managing economic relations with the People's 
                Republic of China;
                    (B) democracy and human rights in the People's 
                Republic of China;
                    (C) technology issues involving the People's 
                Republic of China; and
                    (D) defense issues involving the People's Republic 
                of China;
            (3) detail diplomatic efforts and future plans to work with 
        Canada to counter Chinese projection of an authoritarian 
        governing model around the world;
            (4) detail diplomatic, defense, and intelligence 
        cooperation to date and future plans to support Canadian 
        efforts to identify cost-effective alternatives to Huawei's 5G 
        technology;
            (5) detail diplomatic and defense collaboration--
                    (A) to advance joint United States-Canadian 
                priorities for responsible stewardship in the Arctic 
                Region; and
                    (B) to counter Chinese efforts to project 
                political, economic, and military influence into the 
                Arctic Region; and
            (6) detail diplomatic efforts to work with Canada to track 
        and counter Chinese attempts to exert influence across the 
        multilateral system, including at the World Health 
        Organization.
    (c) Form.--The strategy required under this section shall be 
submitted in an unclassified form that can be made available to the 
public, but may include a classified annex, if necessary.
    (d) Consultation.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than every 180 days 
thereafter, the Secretary of State shall consult with the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
the House of Representatives regarding the development and 
implementation of the strategy required under this section.

SEC. 244. ENHANCING COOPERATION BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA ON 
              TECHNOLOGY ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC 
              OF CHINA.

    (a) Working Group.--The President shall work with the Government of 
Canada to establish a formal United States-Canada-European Union 
Working Group to develop a comprehensive strategy to respond to the 
technology challenges posed by Chinese efforts and influence in the 
communications, infrastructure, surveillance equipment and cyber 
sectors.
    (b) Goals.--The United States participants in the working group 
established pursuant to subsection (a) shall seek--
            (1) to complete a joint analysis on the perils of 
        overreliance on Chinese telecommunications equipment; and
            (2) to share intelligence and screen Chinese investments in 
        strategic technology and critical infrastructure.

SEC. 245. ENHANCING UNITED STATES-CANADA-NATO COOPERATION ON DEFENSE 
              ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    In carrying out the initiative described in section 256, the 
President shall work with the Government of Canada to establish the 
NATO Working Group described in such section to respond to the security 
challenges posed by the People's Republic of China.

SEC. 246. STRATEGY TO STRENGTHEN ECONOMIC COMPETITIVENESS, GOVERNANCE, 
              HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE RULE OF LAW IN LATIN AMERICA AND 
              THE CARIBBEAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Commerce, the Attorney 
General, the United States Trade Representative, and the Chief 
Executive Officer of the United States International Development 
Finance Corporation, shall submit a multi-year strategy for increasing 
United States economic competitiveness and promoting good governance, 
human rights, and the rule of law in Latin American and Caribbean 
countries, particularly in the areas of investment, equitable and 
sustainable development, commercial relations, anti-corruption 
activities, and infrastructure projects, to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Finance of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (5) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (6) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (7) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (8) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (b) Additional Elements.--The strategy required under subsection 
(a) shall include a plan of action for--
            (1) assisting Latin American and Caribbean countries with 
        the sustainable development of equitable economies;
            (2) promoting judicial reform and the rule of law as a 
        means to ensure fair competition, combat corruption, end 
        impunity, and strengthen legal structures critical to robust 
        democratic governance;
            (3) identifying and mitigating obstacles to economic growth 
        in Latin America and the Caribbean;
            (4) maintaining free and transparent access to the internet 
        and digital infrastructure in the Western Hemisphere; and
            (5) facilitating a more open, transparent, and competitive 
        environment for United States businesses in Latin America and 
        the Caribbean.
    (c) Reporting Requirement.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of 
State, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the 
Secretary of Commerce, the Attorney General, the United States Trade 
Representative, and the leadership of the United States International 
Development Finance Corporation, shall brief the congressional 
committees listed in subsection (a) regarding the implementation of 
this part, including examples of successes and challenges.

SEC. 247. ENGAGEMENT IN REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN 
              LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN.

    (a) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (5) the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
        House of Representatives; and
            (6) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (b) Reporting Requirement.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, working 
        through the Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence and 
        Research, and in coordination with the Director of National 
        Intelligence and the Director of the Central Intelligence 
        Agency, shall submit a report to the appropriate committees of 
        Congress that assesses the nature, intent, and impact to United 
        States strategic interests of Chinese diplomatic activity aimed 
        at influencing the decisions, procedures, and programs of 
        multilateral organizations in Latin America and the Caribbean, 
        including the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, 
        Organization of American States, and the Inter-American 
        Development Bank.
            (2) Form.--The report required under paragraph (1) shall be 
        submitted in unclassified form and shall include classified 
        annexes.
    (c) Diplomacy in Multilateral Fora.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the United States Permanent Representative to the 
Organization of American States, the United States Executive Director 
to the Inter-American Development Bank, and the United States Executive 
Directors at multilateral development banks with programs in Latin 
America and the Caribbean, shall submit a strategy to Congress that--
            (1) addresses the challenges to United States national 
        security identified in the report required under subsection 
        (b); and
            (2) advances the objectives established in the strategy 
        required under section 246(a).

SEC. 248. RESPONSE TO THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE IN LATIN AMERICA AND 
              THE CARIBBEAN.

    (a) Eligibility of Caribbean Countries for Financing Through the 
United States International Development Finance Corporation.--Section 
1412(c) of the BUILD Act of 2018 (22 U.S.C. 9612(c)) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
            ``(3) Inclusion of caribbean countries.--Notwithstanding 
        paragraphs (1) and (2), Caribbean countries (excluding Cuba) 
        shall be included among the countries receiving prioritized 
        support under title II during the 10-year period beginning on 
        the date of the enactment of the America LEADS Act.''.
    (b) Prioritizing Engagement in the Western Hemisphere.--Section 
1412 of the BUILD Act of 2018, as amended by subsection (a), is further 
amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(d) Foreign Policy Guidance.--The Secretary of State, in 
accordance with the priorities identified in subsection (c), shall 
provide foreign policy guidance to the Corporation to prioritize 
development financing to Latin American and Caribbean countries 
(excluding Cuba) by dedicating not less than 35 percent of development 
financing and equity investments to countries in Latin America and the 
Caribbean during the 10-year period beginning on the date of the 
enactment of the America LEADS Act.''.

SEC. 249. TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION WITH LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN 
              GOVERNMENTS.

    (a) Technical Assistance on Cybercrime.--The Secretary of State, 
working through the Office of the Coordinator for Cyber Issues of the 
Department of State, and in consultation with the Attorney General, the 
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the Chief of the 
International Bureau of the Federal Communications Commission, shall 
offer to provide technical assistance to Latin American and Caribbean 
countries to strengthen their capacity to promote digital security, 
including--
            (1) defending the integrity of digital infrastructure and 
        digital assets, including data storage systems, such as cloud 
        computing, proprietary data, personal information, and 
        proprietary technologies;
            (2) detecting, identifying, and investigating cybercrimes, 
        including the collection of digital forensic evidence;
            (3) developing appropriate enforcement mechanisms for 
        cybercrimes;
            (4) detecting and identifying perpetrators; and
            (5) prosecuting cybercrimes and holding perpetrators 
        accountable for such crimes.
    (b) Prioritization.--In providing the technical assistance 
described in subsection (b), the Secretary of State shall prioritize 
working with national and regional law enforcement entities that 
respect the due process and privacy rights of their citizens, 
including--
            (1) police forces;
            (2) prosecutors;
            (3) attorneys general;
            (4) courts; and
            (5) other law enforcement entities, as appropriate.
    (c) Cyber Defense Assistance.--The Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the Commander of the United States Cyber Command and 
the Director of National Intelligence, shall offer technical 
assistance--
            (1) to strengthen the capacity of Latin American and 
        Caribbean governments to protect the integrity of their 
        telecommunications and data networks and their critical 
        infrastructure; and
            (2) to provide technical assistance to Latin American and 
        Caribbean government officials, including with respect to--
                    (A) building and monitoring secure 
                telecommunications and data networks;
                    (B) identifying threats and detecting and deterring 
                attacks;
                    (C) investigating cybercrimes, including the 
                collection of digital forensic evidence;
                    (D) protecting the integrity of digital 
                infrastructure and digital assets, including data 
                storage systems (including cloud computing), 
                proprietary data, personal information, and proprietary 
                technologies;
                    (E) planning maintenance, improvements, and 
                modernization in a coordinated and regular fashion to 
                ensure continuity and safety; and
                    (F) protecting the digital systems that manage 
                roads, bridges, ports, and transportation hubs.
    (d) Briefing Requirement.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the 
Secretary of State shall provide a briefing regarding the technical 
assistance described in subsections (a) and (c) to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (5) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (6) the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (7) the Committee on Armed Services of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (8) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 249A. DEFENSE COOPERATION IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State should dedicate at least 14 
percent of the amounts appropriated to bilateral and multilateral 
military education programs, such as the International Military 
Education and Training Program, for Latin America and the Caribbean for 
each of fiscal years 2021 through 2026.
    (b) Modernization.--The Secretary of State shall take steps to 
modernize and strengthen the programs receiving funding under 
subsection (a) to ensure that such programs are vigorous, substantive, 
and the preeminent choice for international military education and 
training for Latin American and Caribbean partners.
    (c) Required Elements.--The programs referred to in subsection (a) 
shall--
            (1) provide training and capacity-building opportunities to 
        Latin American and Caribbean security services;
            (2) provide practical skills and frameworks for--
                    (A) improving the functioning and organization of 
                security services in Latin America and the Caribbean;
                    (B) creating a better understanding of the United 
                States and its values; and
                    (C) using technology for maximum efficiency and 
                organization; and
            (3) promote and ensure that security services in Latin 
        America and the Caribbean respect civilian authority and 
        operate in compliance with international norms, standards, and 
        rules of engagement, including a respect for human rights.
    (d) Limitation.--Security assistance under this section is subject 
to the limitations set forth in section 620M of the Foreign Assistance 
Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2378d).

SEC. 249B. ENGAGEMENT WITH CIVIL SOCIETY IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE 
              CARIBBEAN REGARDING ACCOUNTABILITY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE 
              RISKS OF PERVASIVE SURVEILLANCE TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the Government of China is exporting its model for 
        internal security and state control of society through advanced 
        technology and artificial intelligence; and
            (2) the adoption of surveillance systems can lead to 
        breaches of citizens' private information, increased 
        censorship, violations of civil rights, and harassment of 
        political opponents.
    (b) Diplomatic Engagement.--The Secretary of State shall conduct 
diplomatic engagement with governments and civil society organizations 
in Latin America and the Caribbean to--
            (1) help identify and mitigate the risks to civil liberties 
        posed by pervasive surveillance and monitoring technologies; 
        and
            (2) offer recommendations on ways to mitigate such risks.
    (c) Internet Freedom Programs.--The Chief Executive Officer of the 
United States Agency for Global Media, working through the Open 
Technology Fund, and the Secretary of State, working through the Bureau 
of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor's Internet Freedom and Business 
and Human Rights Section, shall expand and prioritize efforts to 
provide anti-censorship technology and services to journalists and 
citizens in Latin America, in order to enhance their ability to safely 
access or share digital news and information without fear of 
repercussions or surveillance.
    (d) Support for Civil Society.--The Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human 
Rights, and Labor and the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, shall work through nongovernmental 
organizations to--
            (1) support and promote programs that support internet 
        freedom and the free flow of information online in Latin 
        America and the Caribbean;
            (2) protect open, interoperable, secure, and reliable 
        access to internet in Latin America and the Caribbean;
            (3) provide integrated support to civil society for 
        technology, digital safety, policy and advocacy, and applied 
        research programs in Latin America and the Caribbean;
            (4) train journalists and civil society leaders in Latin 
        America and the Caribbean on investigative techniques necessary 
        to ensure public accountability and prevent government 
        overreach in the digital sphere;
            (5) assist independent media outlets and journalists in 
        Latin America and the Caribbean to build their own capacity and 
        develop high-impact, in-depth news reports covering governance 
        and human rights topics;
            (6) provide training for journalists and civil society 
        leaders on investigative techniques necessary to improve 
        transparency and accountability in government and the private 
        sector;
            (7) provide training on investigative reporting relating to 
        media reporting of incidents of corruption and unfair trade, 
        business and commercial practices, including the role of the 
        Government of China in such practices; and
            (8) assist nongovernmental organizations to strengthen 
        their capacity to monitor the activities described in paragraph 
        (7).
    (e) Briefing Requirement.--Not more than 180 days after the date of 
the enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the Secretary 
of State, the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, and the Chief Executive Officer of the 
United States Agency for Global Media shall provide a briefing 
regarding the efforts described in subsections (c), (d), and (e) to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (4) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.

                    PART II--TRANSATLANTIC ALLIANCE

SEC. 251. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON THE TRANSATLANTIC ALLIANCE.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States, the European Union, and countries of 
        Europe are close partners, historically sharing values grounded 
        in democracy, human rights, transparency, and the rules-based 
        international order established after World War II;
            (2) without a common United States and European Union 
        approach on connectivity, trade, transnational problems such as 
        climate change and pandemics, and support for democracy and 
        human rights, the People's Republic of China will continue to 
        increase its economic, political and security leverage in 
        Europe;
            (3) the People's Republic of China's deployment of 
        assistance to European countries following the COVID-19 
        outbreak showcased a coercive approach to aid, but it also 
        highlighted Europe's deep economic ties to China;
            (4) the transatlantic relationship has come under 
        significant strain due to tariff restrictions placed by the 
        Trump Administration and personal attacks by the President 
        against the European Union, the North Atlantic Treaty 
        Organization, and individual leaders across the continent;
            (5) as European Union member states seek to recover from 
        the economic toll of the COVID-19 outbreak, the United States 
        must stand in partnership with Europe to support our collective 
        economic recovery and reinforce our collective national 
        security and defend these shared values;
            (6) the United States and European Union should coordinate 
        on joint strategies to diversify reliance on supply chains away 
        from the People's Republic of China, especially in the medical 
        and pharmaceutical sectors;
            (7) the United States and European Union should enhance 
        cooperation to counter Chinese disinformation, influence 
        operations, and propaganda efforts;
            (8) the People's Republic of China's infrastructure 
        investments, particularly in 5G telecommunications technology 
        and port infrastructure, could threaten democracy across Europe 
        and the national security of key countries;
            (9) as appropriate, the United States should share 
        intelligence on Huawei's 5G capabilities and the intentions of 
        the Government of China with respect to 5G expansion in Europe;
            (10) the European Union's Investment Screening Regulation, 
        due to come into force in October 2020, is a welcome 
        development, and member states should closely scrutinize 
        Chinese investments in their countries through their own 
        national investment screening measures;
            (11) the President should actively engage the European 
        Union on the implementation of the Export Control Reform Act 
        regulations and work to align the law's regulations with 
        European Union priorities;
            (12) the President should strongly advocate for the listing 
        of more items and technologies to restrict dual use exports to 
        the People's Republic of China under the Wassenaar Arrangement; 
        and
            (13) the United States should explore the value of 
        establishing a body akin to the Coordinating Committee for 
        Multilateral Export Controls (CoCom) that would specifically 
        coordinate the export of United States and European Union 
        sensitive technologies to the People's Republic of China.

SEC. 252. STRATEGY REQUIREMENT.

    (a) Strategy To Enhance Cooperation With Europe.--Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall 
submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations and the Committee on Armed 
Services of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives a strategy 
for how the United States will enhance cooperation with Europe on 
managing relations with the People's Republic of China.
    (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall do 
the following:
            (1) Designate a senior Senate-confirmed Department of State 
        official to lead United States-European Union efforts to manage 
        relations with the People's Republic of China.
            (2) Identify key policy points of convergence and 
        divergence between the United States and European Union in 
        managing relations with the People's Republic of China in the 
        areas of technology, trade, and economic practices.
            (3) Develop working groups with European Union counterparts 
        on enhancing United States-European Union cooperation on--
                    (A) economic relations with the People's Republic 
                of China;
                    (B) democracy and human rights with respect to the 
                People's Republic of China;
                    (C) technology issues with respect to the People's 
                Republic of China; and
                    (D) defense issues with respect to the People's 
                Republic of China.
            (4) Describe the coordination mechanisms among key regional 
        and functional bureaus within the Department of State and 
        Department of Defense tasked with engaging with the European 
        Union on the People's Republic of China.
            (5) Detail diplomatic efforts to date and future plans to 
        work with European partners to counter Chinese projection of an 
        authoritarian governing model around the world.
            (6) Detail the diplomatic efforts to date and future plans 
        to support European efforts to identify cost-effective 
        alternatives to Huawei's 5G technology.
            (7) Detail how United States public diplomacy tools, 
        including the Department of State's Global Engagement Center, 
        will coordinate efforts with counterpart entities within the 
        European Union to counter Chinese propaganda.
            (8) Describe the current staffing and budget resources the 
        Department of State dedicates to United States-European Union 
        engagement on the People's Republic of China and provide an 
        assessment of out-year resource needs to execute the strategy.
            (9) Detail diplomatic efforts to work with European 
        partners to track and counter Chinese attempts to exert 
        influence across multilateral fora, including at the World 
        Health Organization.
    (c) Form.--The strategy required under section (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form that can be made available to the 
public, but may include a classified annex if necessary.
    (d) Consultation.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the Secretary of 
State shall consult with the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
Senate and the Committee of Foreign Affairs of the House of 
Representatives regarding the development and implementation of the 
strategy.

SEC. 253. ENHANCING UNITED STATES-EUROPEAN UNION COOPERATION ON POST-
              COVID-19 ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States and European Union should leverage 
        their respective economic innovation capabilities to support 
        the global economic recovery from the COVID-19 recession and 
        draw a contrast with the People's Republic of China's 
        centralized economy;
            (2) the United States and European Union should accelerate 
        efforts to de-escalate their trade disputes, including 
        negotiating a United States-European Union trade agreement that 
        benefits workers and the broader economy in both the United 
        States and European Union; and
            (3) the United States, European Union, and Japan should 
        continue trilateral efforts to address economic challenges 
        posed by the People's Republic of China.
    (b) Working Group.--The President shall work with counterparts in 
Europe to establish a United States-European Union COVID-19 economic 
working group focused on the People's Republic of China. The United 
States participants in the proposed working group shall seek to--
            (1) evaluate United States and European Union overreliance 
        on Chinese goods, including in the medical and pharmaceutical 
        sectors, and develop joint strategies to diversify supply 
        chains;
            (2) counter Chinese efforts to use COVID-19-related 
        assistance as a coercive tool to pressure developing countries 
        by offering United States and European Union expertise in the 
        form of official advisors within finance ministries and COVID-
        19 task forces; and
            (3) leverage the United States and European Union private 
        sector in the COVID-19 economic recovery.

SEC. 254. RESPONSE TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA'S BELT AND ROAD 
              INITIATIVE.

    (a) In General.--The President shall work with European 
counterparts to establish a formal United States-European Commission 
Working Group to develop a comprehensive strategy to respond to the 
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) established by the Government of China. 
The United States participants in the proposed working group shall seek 
to integrate existing efforts into the strategy, including--
            (1) the European Union Strategy on Connecting Europe and 
        Asia;
            (2) the Three Seas Initiative;
            (3) the Blue Dot Network among the United States, Japan, 
        and Australia;
            (4) a European Union-Japan initiative that has leveraged 
        $65,000,000,000 for infrastructure projects and emphasizes 
        transparency standards; and
            (5) efforts to address the Government of China's use of the 
        United Nations to advance BRI, including the proliferation of 
        memoranda of understanding between the People's Republic of 
        China and United Nations funds and programs on BRI 
        implementation.
    (b) Co-Financing of Projects.--
            (1) Authorization of appropriations.--There are authorized 
        to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to co-finance 
        infrastructure projects that could otherwise be included within 
        China's Belt and Road Initiative, provided that--
                    (A) the United States can leverage existing and 
                future projects that have entered into contracts with 
                the Belt and Road Initiative to further promote 
                transparency and debt sustainability; and
                    (B) the projects promote the public good.
            (2) Leveraging of private sector financing.--The United 
        States shall work with the European Union to also leverage 
        financing from the private sector for such projects.
            (3) Standards.--The United States and the European Union 
        should coordinate and develop--
                    (A) a set of transparency, environmental, and 
                social standards for all infrastructure projects that 
                are executed by foreign firms on United States or 
                European soil; and
                    (B) a strategy to enhance transatlantic cooperation 
                with the OECD and the Paris Club on ensuring the 
                highest possible standards for Belt and Road Initiative 
                contracts and terms with developing countries.

SEC. 255. ENHANCING UNITED STATES-EUROPEAN UNION COOPERATION ON 
              TECHNOLOGY ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC 
              OF CHINA.

    The President shall work with European counterparts to establish a 
formal United States-European Union Working Group to develop a 
comprehensive strategy to respond to the technology challenges posed by 
Chinese efforts in the communications, infrastructure, surveillance 
equipment, and cyber sectors. The United States participants in the 
proposed working group shall seek to--
            (1) complete a joint analysis on the perils of overreliance 
        on Chinese telecommunications equipment;
            (2) share intelligence and screen Chinese investments in 
        strategic technology and critical infrastructure;
            (3) coordinate on blocking imports of surveillance 
        technologies from the People's Republic of China and on working 
        with European Union aspirant countries to develop similar 
        import restriction regimes, making it a requirement for 
        European Union membership and enhanced relations with the 
        United States; and
            (4) urge the European Union to commit to the September 2019 
        principles signed by 27 countries regarding ``Advancing 
        Responsible State Behavior in Cyberspace,'' a set of 
        commitments introduced by the United States and signed by 19 
        European countries that support the ``rules-based international 
        order, affirms the applicability of international law to state-
        on-state behavior, adherence to voluntary norms of responsible 
        state behavior in peacetime, and the development and 
        implementation of practical confidence building measures to 
        help reduce the risk of conflict stemming from cyber 
        incidents''.

SEC. 256. ENHANCING UNITED STATES-EUROPEAN UNION-NATO COOPERATION ON 
              DEFENSE ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA.

    The President shall work with European counterparts to establish a 
formal United States-European Commission-NATO Working Group to develop 
a comprehensive strategy to respond to security challenges posed by the 
People's Republic of China. The United States participants in the 
proposed working group shall seek to--
            (1) engage in a dialogue on perceptions of Chinese military 
        strategy and capabilities, including its interest in the Arctic 
        Region; and
            (2) explore the impact of Chinese investments in 5G and 
        critical technologies, including artificial intelligence, on 
        transatlantic security over the next decades.

SEC. 257. ENGAGING WITH CIVIL SOCIETY AND ENHANCING UNITED STATES-
              EUROPEAN UNION COOPERATION ON DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS 
              WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States and European Union share concerns 
        with respect to repression by the Government of China across 
        the country, and have taken measures to address specific abuses 
        in Tibet, Hong Kong, and Xinjiang; and
            (2) the United States and European Union should be united 
        in their shared values against attempts by the Government of 
        China at the United Nations and other multilateral 
        organizations to promote efforts that only serve to erode the 
        Universal Declaration of Human Rights, like the ``community of 
        a shared future for mankind'' and ``democratization of 
        international relations''.
    (b) Working Group.--The President shall work with European 
counterparts to establish a United States-European Union democracy and 
human rights working group on the People's Republic of China. The 
United States participants in the working group shall seek--
            (1) to coordinate with respect to sanctions, including 
        asset freezes and visa bans, targeting officials of the 
        Government of China engaged in gross violations of human 
        rights;
            (2) to urge the European Union to finalize its human rights 
        sanctions regime, which is under discussion as of the date of 
        the enactment of this Act and would be the European Union 
        equivalent of the Global Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability 
        Act (subtitle F of title XII of Public Law 114-328; 22 U.S.C. 
        2656 note);
            (3) to issue joint statements on human rights abuses and 
        government repression by the Government of China; and
            (4) to develop plans to counter efforts by the Government 
        of China to export its authoritarian governance model to 
        countries around the world.
    (c) Civil Society Engagement.--Congress encourages the National 
Endowment of Democracy to work with organizations in countries in 
Europe, and around the world, to address efforts by the Government of 
China to undermine democratic institutions and values in Europe and 
around the world, including through international organizations.

                    PART III--SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA

SEC. 260. STRATEGY TO ENHANCE COOPERATION WITH SOUTH AND CENTRAL ASIA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the Committee on 
Foreign Relations and the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and 
the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Armed Services of 
the House of Representatives a strategy for how the United States will 
enhance cooperation with the countries of South and Central Asia on 
managing relations with the People's Republic of China.
    (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall 
include the following elements:
            (1) A detailed description of the security and economic 
        challenges that the People's Republic of China poses to the 
        countries of South and Central Asia, including border disputes 
        with South and Central Asian countries that border China, 
        Chinese investments in ports, transportation infrastructure, 
        and energy projects across the region.
            (2) A detailed description of efforts to provide 
        alternatives to Chinese infrastructure investment and other 
        investment in South and Central Asia.
            (3) A detailed description of efforts to develop working 
        groups through the Central Asia C5+1 construct that would work 
        with countries in Central Asia on strategies to build 
        resilience against Chinese efforts to interfere in their 
        political systems and economies.
            (4) A detailed description of bilateral and regional 
        efforts to work with countries in South Asia on strategies to 
        build resilience against Chinese efforts to interfere in their 
        political systems and economies.
            (5) A detailed description of United States diplomatic 
        efforts to work with the Government of Afghanistan on 
        addressing the challenges posed by Chinese investment in the 
        Afghan mineral sector.
            (6) In close consultation with the Government of India, 
        identification of areas where the United States Government can 
        provide diplomatic and other support as appropriate for India's 
        efforts to address economic and security challenges posed by 
        the People's Republic of China in the region.
            (7) A description of the coordination mechanisms among key 
        regional and functional bureaus within the Department of State 
        and Department of Defense tasked with engaging with the 
        countries of South and Central Asia on the People's Republic of 
        China.
    (c) Form.--The strategy required under section (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form that can be made available to the 
public, but may include a classified annex as necessary.
    (d) Consultation.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and not less than every 180 days thereafter, the 
Secretary of State shall consult with the Committee on Foreign 
Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the 
Committee of Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives regarding the development and implementation 
of the strategy required under subsection (a).

            PART IV--ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS

SEC. 261. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON COOPERATION WITH ASEAN.

    It is the sense of Congress that the United States--
            (1) stands with the nations of Association of Southeast 
        Asian Nations (ASEAN) as they respond to COVID-19 and supports 
        greater cooperation in building capacity to prepare for and 
        respond to pandemics and other public health challenges;
            (2) supports high-level United States participation in the 
        annual ASEAN Summit held each November;
            (3) reaffirms the importance of United States-ASEAN 
        economic engagement, including the elimination of barriers to 
        cross-border commerce, and supports the ASEAN Economic 
        Community's (AEC) goals, including strong, inclusive, and 
        sustainable long-term economic growth and cooperation with the 
        United States that focuses on innovation and capacity-building 
        efforts in technology, education, disaster management, food 
        security, human rights, and trade facilitation, particularly 
        for ASEAN's poorest countries;
            (4) urges ASEAN to continue its efforts to foster greater 
        integration and unity within the ASEAN community, as well as to 
        foster greater integration and unity with non-ASEAN economic, 
        political, and security partners, including Japan, the Republic 
        of Korea, Australia, the European Union, Taiwan, and India;
            (5) recognizes the value of strategic economic initiatives 
        like United States-ASEAN Connect, which demonstrates a 
        commitment to ASEAN and the AEC and builds upon economic 
        relationships in the region;
            (6) supports ASEAN nations in addressing maritime and 
        territorial disputes in a constructive manner and in pursuing 
        claims through peaceful, diplomatic, and, as necessary, 
        legitimate regional and international arbitration mechanisms, 
        consistent with international law, including through the 
        adoption of a code of conduct in the South China Sea that 
        represents the interests of all parties and promotes peace and 
        stability in the region;
            (7) urges all parties involved in the maritime and 
        territorial disputes in the Indo-Pacific region, including the 
        Government of China--
                    (A) to cease any current activities, and avoid 
                undertaking any actions in the future, that undermine 
                stability, or complicate or escalate disputes through 
                the use of coercion, intimidation, or military force;
                    (B) to demilitarize islands, reefs, shoals, and 
                other features, and refrain from new efforts to 
                militarize, including the construction of new garrisons 
                and facilities and the relocation of additional 
                military personnel, material, or equipment;
                    (C) to oppose actions by any country that prevent 
                other countries from exercising their sovereign rights 
                to the resources in their exclusive economic zones and 
                continental shelves by enforcing claims to those areas 
                in the South China Sea that lack support in 
                international law; and
                    (D) to oppose unilateral declarations of 
                administrative and military districts in contested 
                areas in the South China Sea;
            (8) urges parties to refrain from unilateral actions that 
        cause permanent physical damage to the marine environment, and 
        supports the efforts of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
        Administration and ASEAN to implement guidelines to address the 
        illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing in the region;
            (9) urges ASEAN member states to develop a common approach 
        to reaffirm the decision of the Permanent Court of 
        Arbitration's 2016 ruling in favor of the Republic of the 
        Philippines in the case against the People's Republic of 
        China's excessive maritime claims;
            (10) reaffirms the commitment of the United States to 
        continue joint efforts with ASEAN to halt human smuggling and 
        trafficking in persons, and urges ASEAN to create and 
        strengthen regional mechanisms to provide assistance and 
        support to refugees and migrants;
            (11) supports the Lower Mekong Initiative, which has led to 
        significant progress in promoting sustainable long-term 
        economic development in mainland Southeast Asia and fostering 
        integrated sub-regional cooperation and capacity-building;
            (12) encourages the President of the United States to 
        communicate to ASEAN leaders the importance of promoting the 
        rule of law and open and transparent government, strengthening 
        civil society, and protecting human rights, including releasing 
        political prisoners, ceasing politically motivated prosecutions 
        and arbitrary killings, and safeguarding freedom of the press, 
        freedom of assembly, freedom of religion, and freedom of speech 
        and expression;
            (13) supports efforts by organizations in ASEAN that 
        address corruption in the public and private sectors, enhance 
        anti-bribery compliance, enforce bribery criminalization in the 
        private sector, and build beneficial ownership transparency 
        through the ASEAN-USAID PROSPECT project partnered with the 
        South East Asia Parties Against Corruption (SEA-PAC);
            (14) supports the Young Southeast Asian Leaders Initiative 
        as an example of a people-to-people partnership that provides 
        skills, networks, and leadership training to a new generation 
        that will create and fill jobs, foster cross-border cooperation 
        and partnerships, and rise to solve the regional and global 
        challenges of the future;
            (15) supports expanding the Young Southeast Asian Leaders 
        Initiative to include people-to-people partnerships from the 
        broader Indo-Pacific region with an emphasis on civil society 
        leaders and re-naming it the ``Obama Young Indo-Pacific Leaders 
        Initiative'';
            (16) applauds the ASEAN governments that have fully upheld 
        and implemented all United Nations Security Council resolutions 
        and international agreements with respect to the Democratic 
        People's Republic of Korea's nuclear and ballistic missile 
        programs, and encourages all other ASEAN governments to do the 
        same; and
            (17) should work with ASEAN, through the ASEAN Defence 
        Ministers' Meeting, to initiate a dialogue regarding 
        perceptions of Chinese military strategy and capabilities, 
        including its interest in the Arctic Region.

SEC. 262. ASEAN STRATEGY REQUIREMENT.

    (a) Strategy To Enhance Coordination With ASEAN.--Not later than 90 
days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall 
submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives a strategy 
for how the United States will enhance coordination with ASEAN to 
increase capacity building and autonomy.
    (b) Elements.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall--
            (1) designate a senior Senate-confirmed Department of State 
        official to lead United States-ASEAN efforts to enhance 
        technical assistance and capacity building;
            (2) identify key issues and barriers to increased capacity 
        building between the United States and ASEAN;
            (3) identify policy points of convergence and divergence 
        between the United States and ASEAN in the areas of global 
        governance, technology, and trade and economic practices;
            (4) describe the coordination mechanisms among key regional 
        and functional bureaus within the Department of State, the 
        Department of Defense, the Department of the Treasury, and the 
        Office of the United States Trade Representative tasked with 
        engaging with ASEAN;
            (5) detail the diplomatic efforts to counter Chinese 
        projection of an authoritarian governing model in Southeast 
        Asia;
            (6) detail the diplomatic efforts to date supporting ASEAN 
        efforts to identify cost-effective alternatives to Huawei's 5G 
        technology;
            (7) detail plans on how United States public diplomacy 
        tools, including the Department of State's Global Engagement 
        Center, will coordinate efforts with counterpart entities 
        within ASEAN to counter authoritarian propaganda; and
            (8) describe the current staffing and budget resources the 
        Department of State dedicates to United States-ASEAN engagement 
        and provide an assessment of out-year resource needs to execute 
        the strategy.
    (c) Form.--The strategy required under subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form that can be made available to the 
public, but may include a classified annex as necessary.
    (d) Consultation.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and not less than every 180 days thereafter, the 
Secretary of State shall consult with the Committee on Foreign 
Relations and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate and the 
Committee of Foreign Affairs and the Committee on Appropriations of the 
House of Representatives regarding the development and implementation 
of the strategy.
    (e) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, the Director of National Intelligence, and other relevant 
heads of Federal agencies, shall submit a report to the appropriate 
congressional committees on the political, economic, development, 
health, and national security implications of changing water-flows 
along the Mekong River and the Tibetan Plateau watershed, including--
            (1) a description of the effects of upriver damming of the 
        Mekong River and the increased security and military presence 
        of the People's Republic of China on the Lower Mekong, on the 
        political and economic stability of the Lower Mekong region and 
        on the countries of the Lower Mekong region; and
            (2) an assessment of--
                    (A) any impact of such efforts on United States 
                political, diplomatic, economic, cultural, human 
                rights, and security interests; and
                    (B) steps being taken by the United States to 
                address these issues.

SEC. 263. ENHANCING UNITED STATES-ASEAN COOPERATION ON ECONOMIC 
              RELATIONS WITH THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States and ASEAN--
            (1) should leverage their respective economic innovation 
        capabilities to support the global economic recovery from the 
        COVID-19 recession and draw a contrast with the People's 
        Republic of China's centralized economy;
            (2) shall accelerate efforts to de-escalate trade disputes 
        and strengthen economic and trade ties; and
            (3) shall cooperate on a strategy to respond to China's 
        Belt and Road Initiative and to leverage existing and future 
        projects that have entered into contracts with the Belt and 
        Road Initiative to further promote transparency, debt 
        sustainability, and the public good.
    (b) Working Group.--The Secretary of State shall establish a United 
States-ASEAN economic working group focused on the People's Republic of 
China. The working group shall--
            (1) evaluate United States and ASEAN overreliance on 
        Chinese goods, including in the medical and pharmaceutical 
        sectors, and develop joint strategies to diversify supply 
        chains; and
            (2) seek to leverage the United States and ASEAN private 
        sector in the COVID-19 economic recovery.
    (c) Response to China's Belt and Road Initiative.--
            (1) Working group.--The President shall establish a formal 
        Department of State-ASEAN working group to develop a 
        comprehensive strategy to respond to China's Belt and Road 
        Initiative.
            (2) Standards.--The United States and ASEAN shall develop a 
        set of transparency, environmental, and social standards for 
        all infrastructure projects that are executed by foreign firms 
        on United States or ASEAN soil.
            (3) Funding.--
                    (A) Leveraging of private sector funds.--The United 
                States shall work with ASEAN to leverage financing from 
                the private sector.
                    (B) Use of funds.--The President, in cooperation 
                with ASEAN, shall identify at least 5 infrastructure 
                projects to co-finance in order to promote 
                transparency, debt sustainability, and the public good.

SEC. 264. ENHANCING UNITED STATES-ASEAN COOPERATION ON DEMOCRACY AND 
              HUMAN RIGHTS WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States and ASEAN should be united against attempts by the Government of 
China at the United Nations and other multilateral organizations to 
promote efforts that erode the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 
such as the ``community of a shared future for mankind'' and ``the 
democratization of international relations''.
    (b) Working Group.--The Secretary of State shall establish a United 
States-ASEAN democracy and human rights working group on the People's 
Republic of China. The working group shall, among other tasks, 
coordinate on asset freezes, travel bans, and other sanctions targeting 
officials of the Government of China engaged in gross violations of 
human rights.
    (c) Civil Society Engagement.--The National Endowment for Democracy 
shall establish a working group focused on addressing efforts by the 
Government of China to promote alternative forms of government in 
Southeast Asia.

SEC. 265. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ENHANCING UNITED STATES-ASEAN 
              COOPERATION ON TECHNOLOGY ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE 
              PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the United States and ASEAN should complete a joint 
        analysis on risks of overreliance on Chinese communication 
        equipment;
            (2) the United States and ASEAN should share intelligence 
        and screen Chinese investments in strategic technology and 
        critical infrastructure;
            (3) the United States and ASEAN should coordinate on 
        Chinese exports of surveillance technologies and work together 
        on appropriate import restriction regimes;
            (4) the United States should urge ASEAN to adopt its March 
        2019 proposed sanctions regime targeting cyber attacks;
            (5) the United States should urge ASEAN to commit to the 
        September 2019 principles signed by 27 countries regarding 
        ``Advancing Responsible State Behavior in Cyberspace,'' a set 
        of commitments that support the ``rules-based international 
        order, affirms the applicability of international law to state-
        on-state behavior, adherence to voluntary norms of responsible 
        state behavior in peacetime, and the development and 
        implementation of practical confidence building measures to 
        help reduce the risk of conflict stemming from cyber 
        incidents''; and
            (6) the United States and ASEAN should explore how Chinese 
        investments in critical technology, including artificial 
        intelligence, will impact Indo-Pacific security over the coming 
        decades.

                             PART V--AFRICA

SEC. 271. ASSESSMENT OF POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SECURITY ACTIVITY OF 
              THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN AFRICA.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``appropriate committees 
of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
        Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
        Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
    (b) Intelligence Assessment.--Not later than 180 days after the 
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall, in 
coordination with the Director of National Intelligence, submit to the 
appropriate committees of Congress a report that assesses the nature 
and impact of Chinese political, economic, and security sector activity 
in Africa, and its impact on United States strategic interests, 
including--
            (1) the amount and impact of direct investment, loans, 
        development financing, oil-for-loans deals, and other 
        preferential trading arrangements;
            (2) the involvement of Chinese state-owned enterprises in 
        Africa; and
            (3) the amount of African debt held by the People's 
        Republic of China.

SEC. 272. INCREASING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF THE UNITED STATES IN 
              AFRICA.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``appropriate committees 
of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Appropriations, and the Committee on Finance of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Appropriations, and the Committee on Ways and Means of the 
        House of Representatives.
    (b) Strategy Requirement.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall, in 
consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of 
Commerce, the Attorney General, the United States Trade Representative, 
the Administrator of the United States Agency for International 
Development, and the leadership of the United States International 
Development Finance Corporation, submit to the appropriate committees 
of Congress a report setting forth a multi-year strategy for increasing 
United States economic competitiveness and promoting improvements in 
the investment climate in Africa including through support for the rule 
of law and for improved transparency, anti-corruption and governance.
    (c) Elements.--The strategy submitted pursuant to subsection (a) 
shall include--
            (1) a description and assessment of barriers to United 
        States investment in Africa for United States businesses, 
        including a clear identification of the different barriers 
        facing small-sized and medium-sized businesses, and an 
        assessment of whether existing programs effectively address 
        such barriers;
            (2) a description and assessment of barriers to African 
        diaspora investment in Africa, and recommendations to overcome 
        such barriers; and
            (3) an identification of the economic sectors in the United 
        States that have a comparative advantage in Africa markets.
    (d) Assessment of United States Government Human Resources 
Capacity.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall--
            (1) conduct a review of the number of Foreign Commercial 
        Service Officers and Department of State Economic Officers at 
        United States embassies in sub-Saharan Africa; and
            (2) develop an assessment of whether human resource 
        capacity in such embassies is adequate to meet the goals of the 
        various trade and economic programs and initiatives in Africa, 
        including the African Growth and Opportunity Act and Prosper 
        Africa.

SEC. 273. DIGITAL SECURITY COOPERATION WITH RESPECT TO AFRICA.

    (a) Definition.--In this section, the term ``appropriate committees 
of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the 
        Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on 
        Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
    (b) Interagency Working Group To Counter Chinese Cyber Aggression 
in Africa.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall establish an 
        interagency Working Group, which shall include representatives 
        of the Department of State, the Department of Defense, the 
        Office of the Director of National Intelligence, and such other 
        agencies of the United States Government as the President 
        considers appropriate, on means to counter Chinese cyber 
        aggression with respect to Africa.
            (2) Duties.--The Working Group established pursuant to this 
        subsection shall develop a set of recommendations for--
                    (A) bolstering the capacity of governments in 
                Africa to ensure the integrity of their data networks 
                and critical infrastructure where applicable;
                    (B) providing alternatives to Huawei;
                    (C) an action plan for United States embassies in 
                Africa to offer to provide assistance to host-country 
                governments with protecting their vital digital 
                networks and infrastructure from Chinese espionage; and
                    (D) helping civil society in Africa counter digital 
                authoritarianism.
            (3) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
        enactment of this Act, the Working Group shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a report setting forth the 
        recommendations developed pursuant to this subsection. The 
        report shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may include 
        a classified annex.

SEC. 274. INCREASING PERSONNEL IN UNITED STATES EMBASSIES IN SUB-
              SAHARAN AFRICA FOCUSED ON THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    The Assistant Secretary of State for African Affairs may station on 
a permanent basis a China Desk Officer at such United States embassies 
in sub-Saharan Africa as the Assistant Secretary considers appropriate.

SEC. 275. SUPPORT FOR CIVIL SOCIETY IN AFRICA.

    (a) Young African Leaders Initiative.--
            (1) Finding.--Congress finds that youth in Africa can have 
        a positive impact on efforts to foster economic growth, improve 
        public sector transparency and governance, and counter 
        extremism, and should be an area of focus for United States 
        outreach on the continent.
            (2) Policy.--It is the policy of the United States, in 
        cooperation and collaboration with private sector companies, 
        civic organizations, nongovernmental organizations, and 
        national and regional public sector entities, to commit 
        resources to enhancing the entrepreneurship and leadership 
        skills of African youth with the objective of enhancing their 
        ability to serve as leaders in the public and private sectors 
        in order to help them spur growth and prosperity, strengthen 
        democratic governance, and enhance peace and security in their 
        respective countries of origin and across Africa.
            (3) Young african leaders initiative.--
                    (A) In general.--There is hereby established the 
                Young African Leaders Initiative, to be carried out by 
                the Secretary of State.
                    (B) Fellowships.--There are authorized to be 
                appropriated such sums as necessary to support the 
                participation in the Initiative established under this 
                paragraph, in the United States, of not fewer than 700 
                fellows from Africa each year for such education and 
                training in leadership and professional development 
                through the Department of State as the Secretary of 
                State considers appropriate. The Secretary shall 
                establish and publish criteria for eligibility for 
                participation as such a fellow, and for selection of 
                fellows among eligible applicants for a fellowship.
                    (C) Reciprocal exchanges.--Under the Initiative, 
                United States citizens may engage in such reciprocal 
                exchanges in connection with and collaboration on 
                projects with fellows under subparagraph (A) as the 
                Secretary considers appropriate.
    (b) Regional Centers and Networks.--The Administrator of the United 
States Agency for International Development shall establish each of the 
following:
            (1) Not fewer than four regional centers in Africa to 
        provide in-person and online training throughout the year in 
        business and entrepreneurship, civic leadership, and public 
        management.
            (2) An online network that provides information and online 
        courses on, and connections with leaders in, the private and 
        public sectors in Africa.
    (c) Africa Broadcasting Networks.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of the enactment of this Act, the CEO of the United States 
Agency for Global Media shall submit to the Committee on Foreign 
Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
House of Representatives a report on the resources and timeline needed 
to establish within the Agency an organization whose mission shall be 
to promote democratic values and institutions in Africa by providing 
objective, accurate, and relevant news and information to the people of 
Africa, especially in countries where a free press is banned by the 
government or not fully established, about the region, the world, and 
the United States through uncensored news, responsible discussion, and 
open debate.

                 PART VI--MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

SEC. 277. STRATEGY TO COUNTER CHINESE INFLUENCE IN, AND ACCESS TO, THE 
              MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the economic influence of the People's Republic of 
        China through its oil and gas imports from the Middle East 
        provides influence and leverage that runs counter to United 
        States interests in the region; and
            (2) the export of certain communications infrastructure 
        from the People's Republic of China furthers the efforts of the 
        Government of China to promote its digital authoritarianism 
        through surveillance tools and policies.
    (b) Strategy Required.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in 
        consultation with the Administrator of the United States Agency 
        for International Development, and the heads of other 
        appropriate Federal agencies, shall jointly develop and submit 
        a strategy to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 
        and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives for countering and limiting Chinese influence 
        in, and access to, the Middle East and North Africa.
            (2) Elements.--The strategy required under paragraph (1) 
        shall include--
                    (A) efforts to improve regional cooperation with 
                United States allies and partners to promote maritime 
                security in the Arabian Gulf, the Red Sea, and the 
                Eastern Mediterranean;
                    (B) increased support for government-to-government 
                engagement on critical infrastructure development 
                projects including ports and water infrastructure;
                    (C) efforts to encourage United States private 
                sector and public-private partnerships in healthcare 
                technology;
                    (D) specific steps to counter increased Chinese 
                investment in telecommunications infrastructure and 
                diplomatic efforts to stress the political, economic, 
                and social benefits of a free and open internet;
                    (E) efforts to promote United States private sector 
                engagement in and public-private partnerships on 
                renewable energy development; and
                    (F) the expansion of public-private partnership 
                efforts on water, desalination, and irrigation 
                projects.

SEC. 278. REPORT ON CHINESE ENERGY, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND ECONOMIC 
              DEVELOPMENT IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of State, 
in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of 
Defense, and the Secretary of Energy, shall submit a report regarding 
Chinese energy, infrastructure, and economic development efforts across 
the Middle East and North Africa to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;
            (2) the Committee on Finance of the Senate;
            (3) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
        Senate;
            (4) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;
            (5) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (6) the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
        Representatives;
            (7) the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
        Representatives; and
            (8) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (b) Additional Elements.--The report required under subsection (a) 
shall include information regarding--
            (1) Chinese imports of crude oil, refined petroleum 
        products, and natural gas;
            (2) Chinese investment into critical infrastructure 
        projects, including--
                    (A) infrastructure projects that would increase 
                Chinese maritime access to the Arabian Gulf, the Red 
                Sea, or the Eastern Mediterranean or would increase 
                rail or road links between the People's Republic of 
                China and the Middle East and North Africa, including--
                            (i) an investment of more than $5,000,000 
                        in critical infrastructure, especially port 
                        facilities and utilities; and
                            (ii) joint ventures outside the Middle East 
                        and North Africa between Chinese companies and 
                        companies based in the Middle East or North 
                        Africa;
                    (B) infrastructure projects that would benefit 
                Iran's ability to export crude oil, gas, or refined 
                petrochemicals;
                    (C) infrastructure projects that would 
                significantly affect United States military basing, 
                diplomatic facilities, or military and diplomatic 
                visits to existing facilities or ports, including an 
                assessment of the security risks posed by such projects 
                to United States military and diplomatic personnel and 
                facilities; and
                    (D) Chinese investment in alternative and renewable 
                energy projects;
            (3) joint nuclear technology and energy projects;
            (4) Chinese investment in telecommunications projects, 
        including--
                    (A) the use of Chinese equipment valued at more 
                than $2,000,000 in communications infrastructure; and
                    (B) equipment that furthers the ability of 
                governments to exercise surveillance and control over 
                their citizens;
            (5) Chinese investment in water and irrigation projects;
            (6) Chinese efforts to evade Iran sanctions; and
            (7) an assessment of which Belt and Road Initiative 
        projects could negatively impact United States economic or 
        security interests in the region.

SEC. 279. MIDDLE EAST PARTNERSHIP INITIATIVE.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The United States and the international community have 
        long-term interests in the stability, security, and prosperity 
        of the people of the Middle East and North Africa.
            (2) Transparent governance structures and active civil 
        society engagement help counter predatory foreign investment 
        efforts.
    (b) Statement of Policy.--It is the policy of the United States 
that the United States and the international community should, through 
a Middle East Partnership Initiative, support modernization and reform 
efforts that--
            (1) advance education;
            (2) promote economic opportunity;
            (3) foster private sector development;
            (4) strengthen civil society;
            (5) promote transparent and democratic governance and the 
        rule of law; and
            (6) increase access for women to fully participate 
        politically and economically in society.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $40,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 for the purpose of 
fostering partnerships among citizens, civil society, the private 
sector, and government institutions in the Middle East and North Africa 
to generate shared solutions that promote stability, transparency, good 
governance, and economic development, including a scholarship program.

                        PART VII--ARCTIC REGION

SEC. 281. ARCTIC REGION DEFINED.

    In this part, the term ``Arctic Region'' means the geographic 
region north of the 66.56083 parallel latitude north of the equator.

SEC. 282. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ARCTIC SECURITY.

    It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) the rapidly changing Arctic environment--
                    (A) creates new national and regional security 
                challenges due to increased activity in the Arctic 
                Region;
                    (B) heightens the risks of potential conflicts 
                spilling over into the Arctic Region from interventions 
                and theaters of tension in other regions of the world;
                    (C) threatens maritime safety due to inadequate 
                capacity to patrol increasing vessel traffic across 
                broader expanses of open Arctic water resulting from 
                diminishing annual levels of sea ice;
                    (D) impacts public safety due to increased human 
                activity in the Arctic Region where search and rescue 
                capacity remains very limited; and
                    (E) threatens the health of the Arctic Region's 
                fragile and historically pristine environment and the 
                unique and highly sensitive species found in the Arctic 
                Region's marine and terrestrial ecosystems;
            (2) increased maritime traffic and other economic activity 
        from adversarial nations, such as the People's Republic of 
        China and the Russian Federation, threaten United States 
        interests and the free movement of vessels in the Arctic 
        Region;
            (3) increased military presence in the Arctic Region from 
        countries such as the Russian Federation and the People's 
        Republic of China pose serious security threats to the United 
        States;
            (4) diminished sea ice, resulting from the effects of 
        climate change, is--
                    (A) opening up new maritime routes;
                    (B) increasing maritime traffic;
                    (C) extending the times of year in which ships can 
                transit the Arctic Region; and
                    (D) creating greater risks to the Arctic 
                environment, maritime safety, and naval defense 
                patrols;
            (5) the United States should reduce the consequences 
        outlined in preceding paragraphs by--
                    (A) carefully evaluating the wide variety and 
                extremely dynamic set of security and safety risks 
                unfolding in the Arctic Region;
                    (B) developing policies and making preparations for 
                mitigating and responding to threats and risks in the 
                Arctic Region;
                    (C) adequately funding the National Earth System 
                Prediction Capability Project to substantively improve 
                weather, ocean, and ice predictions on time scales 
                necessary for ensuring regional security and trans-
                Arctic shipping;
                    (D) investing in resources, including a 
                significantly expanded icebreaker fleet, to ensure that 
                the United States has adequate capacity to prevent and 
                respond to security threats in the Arctic Region; and
                    (E) pursuing diplomatic engagements with all 
                nations in the Arctic Region to reach an agreement 
                for--
                            (i) maintaining peace and stability in the 
                        Arctic Region; and
                            (ii) fostering cooperation on stewardship 
                        and safety initiatives in the Arctic Region.

SEC. 283. ARCTIC SECURITY STRATEGY.

    (a) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to develop a strategy 
for protecting and advancing national security, economic, 
transportation, and environmental protection interests in the Arctic 
Region.
    (b) Amendment.--Section 1 of the State Department Basic Authorities 
Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2651a) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
            (2) by inserting after subsection (f) the following:
    ``(g) Special Representative for the Arctic.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Arctic nations.--The term `Arctic Nations' 
                means the 8 nations (Russia, Canada, the United States, 
                Norway, Denmark (including Greenland), Finland, Sweden, 
                and Iceland) with territory or exclusive economic zones 
                that extend north of the 66.56083 parallel latitude 
                north of the equator.
                    ``(B) Arctic region.--The term `Arctic Region' 
                means the geographic region north of the 66.56083 
                parallel latitude north of the equator.
            ``(2) Appointment.--Not later than 120 days after the date 
        of the enactment of the America LEADS Act, the President, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of State, shall appoint, by and 
        with the advice and consent of the Senate, a Special 
        Representative for the Arctic (referred to in this subsection 
        as the `Arctic Envoy'), who--
                    ``(A) shall serve within the Office of the 
                Secretary of State; and
                    ``(B) shall have the rank and status of Ambassador 
                at Large.
            ``(3) Duties.--The Arctic Envoy shall--
                    ``(A) develop and facilitate the implementation of 
                an Arctic Region Security Policy in accordance with 
                paragraph (4);
                    ``(B) coordinate the integration of scientific data 
                on the effects (both current and projected), of climate 
                change on the Arctic Region and ensure that such data 
                is applied to the development of security strategies 
                for the Arctic Region;
                    ``(C) make available the methods and approaches on 
                the integration of climate science to other regional 
                security planning programs in the Department of State 
                to better ensure that broader decision-making processes 
                may more adequately account for the effects of climate 
                change;
                    ``(D) serve as a key point of contact for other 
                Federal agencies, including the Department of Defense, 
                the Department of Homeland Security, and the 
                Intelligence Community, on Arctic Region security 
                issues;
                    ``(E) use the voice, vote, and influence of the 
                United States to encourage other countries and 
                international multilateral organizations to support the 
                principles of the Arctic Region Security Policy 
                implemented pursuant to paragraph (4); and
                    ``(F) perform such other duties and exercise such 
                powers as the Secretary of State shall prescribe.
            ``(4) Arctic region security policy.--The Arctic Region 
        Security Policy shall include requirements for the Bureau of 
        Conflict and Stabilization Operations, the Bureau of Political-
        Military Affairs, embassies, regional bureaus, and other 
        offices with a role in conflict avoidance, prevention and 
        security assistance, or humanitarian disaster response, 
        prevention, and assistance to assess, develop, budget for, and 
        (upon approval) implement plans, policies, and actions--
                    ``(A) to enhance the resilience capacities of 
                Arctic Nations to the effects of climate change and 
                increased civilian and military activity from Arctic 
                Nations and other nations that may result from 
                increased accessibility of the Arctic Region due to 
                decreased sea ice, warmer ambient air temperatures and 
                other effects of climate change, as a means of reducing 
                the risk of conflict and instability;
                    ``(B) to assess specific added risks to the Arctic 
                Region and Arctic Nations that--
                            ``(i) are vulnerable to the effects of 
                        climate change; and
                            ``(ii) are strategically significant to the 
                        United States;
                    ``(C) to account for the impacts on human health, 
                safety, stresses, reliability, food production, fresh 
                water and other critical natural resources, and 
                economic activity;
                    ``(D) to coordinate the integration of climate 
                change risk and vulnerability assessments into the 
                decision-making process on foreign assistance awards to 
                Arctic Nations;
                    ``(E) to advance principles of good governance by 
                encouraging and cooperating with Arctic Nations on 
                collaborative approaches--
                            ``(i) to sustainably manage natural 
                        resources in the Arctic Region;
                            ``(ii) to share the burden of ensuring 
                        maritime safety in the Arctic Region;
                            ``(iii) to prevent the escalation of 
                        security tensions by mitigating against the 
                        militarization of the Arctic Region;
                            ``(iv) to develop mutually agreed upon 
                        multilateral policies among Arctic Nations on 
                        the management of maritime transit routes 
                        through the Arctic Region and work 
                        cooperatively on the transit policies for 
                        access to and transit in the Arctic Region by 
                        non-Arctic Nations; and
                            ``(v) to facilitate the development of 
                        Arctic Region Security Action Plans to ensure 
                        stability and public safety in disaster 
                        situations in a humane and responsible fashion; 
                        and
                    ``(F) to evaluate the vulnerability, security, 
                susceptibility, and resiliency of United States 
                interests and nondefense assets in the Arctic Region.
            ``(5) Report.--The Arctic Envoy shall regularly report to 
        the Secretary of State regarding the activities described in 
        paragraphs (3) and (4) to integrate Arctic Region security 
        concerns into agendas and program budget requests.''.

                    Subtitle D--Intelligence Matters

SEC. 291. DEFINITIONS.

    In this subtitle:
            (1) Congressional intelligence committees.--The term 
        ``congressional intelligence committees'' has the meaning given 
        such term in section 3 of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 
        U.S.C. 3003).
            (2) Intelligence community.--The term ``intelligence 
        community'' has the meaning given such term in such section.

SEC. 292. INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF COUNTERINTELLIGENCE APPARATUS AND 
              STRUCTURE OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT.

    (a) Establishment.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Director of National Intelligence, in 
coordination with the Director of the National Counterintelligence and 
Security Center, the Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and 
Security, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, and the 
Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, shall jointly 
establish an independent panel to review the current 
counterintelligence apparatus and structure in the intelligence 
community to enhance the counterintelligence posture, capabilities, and 
responsibilities of the Federal Government in response to contemporary 
threats.
    (b) Composition.--The panel established under subsection (a) shall 
be composed of 8 members as follows:
            (1) At least 1 shall be a former employee of the National 
        Counterintelligence and Security Center who retired from 
        Federal employment.
            (2) At least 1 shall be a former employee of the Central 
        Intelligence Agency who retired from Federal employment.
            (3) At least 1 shall be a former employee of the Federal 
        Bureau of Investigation who retired from Federal employment.
            (4) At least 1 shall be a former employee of the Department 
        of Defense counterintelligence apparatus who retired from 
        Federal employment.
            (5) At least 1 shall be a former employee of the Federal 
        Government who has spent the predominant amount of his or her 
        career outside of the intelligence community.
            (6) At least 1 of whom shall be an expert on policy 
        relating to the People's Republic of China.
            (7) At least 1 of whom shall be an expert on policy 
        relating to Russia.
            (8) At least 1 of whom shall be an academic who is well 
        known in the academic and national security fields.
            (9) All of whom shall be recognized in the field of 
        counterintelligence.
    (c) Duties.--
            (1) Review.--
                    (A) In general.--The panel established under 
                subsection (a) shall conduct a review as described in 
                such subsection.
                    (B) Elements.--The review conducted under 
                subparagraph (A) shall include the following:
                            (i) Review of the structure and functions 
                        of the counterintelligence apparatus, 
                        capabilities of the intelligence community and 
                        counterintelligence components of the Federal 
                        Government, and funding, resourcing, and 
                        regulations as they pertain to the following 
                        aspects of counterintelligence:
                                    (I) Investigations, 
                                counterintelligence, and espionage, 
                                including potential legislative action 
                                to improve chapter 37 of title 18, 
                                United States Code, to address 
                                contemporary issues.
                                    (II) Operations.
                                    (III) Analysis.
                                    (IV) Cyber operations.
                                    (V) Policy.
                                    (VI) Strategy.
                                    (VII) Foreign influence and counter 
                                foreign influence.
                            (ii) Analysis of the counterintelligence 
                        structure of the intelligence community and 
                        security elements of Federal departments and 
                        agencies that are not elements of the 
                        intelligence community.
                            (iii) Evaluation of the role of the 
                        National Counterintelligence and Security 
                        Center in leading the counterintelligence 
                        apparatus and Federal counterintelligence 
                        capabilities and its relationship with the 
                        operational counterintelligence community, 
                        including the Federal Bureau of Investigation 
                        and the Department of Homeland Security.
                            (iv) Review of potential advantages and 
                        risks associated with alternative constructs, 
                        governance models, restructuring, and 
                        reorganization for counterintelligence, 
                        including consideration of what an ideal 
                        national-level strategic counterintelligence 
                        program should look like.
                            (v) Review of the resources required and 
                        feasibility of the constructs, governance 
                        models, restructuring, and reorganization 
                        reviewed under clause (iv) that could improve 
                        United States counterintelligence to work more 
                        strategically, including such legislative or 
                        administrative action as may be necessary to do 
                        so, such as legislative action regarding 
                        appropriations and ability to provide funding 
                        to programs that organizationally sit outside 
                        of the intelligence programs funded as part of 
                        the National Intelligence Program and may 
                        result in unfunded mandates.
            (2) Report.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 360 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, the panel shall 
                submit to the congressional intelligence committees a 
                report on the findings of the panel with respect to the 
                review conducted under paragraph (1).
                    (B) Form.--The report submitted under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
                include a classified annex.

SEC. 293. REVIEW ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE OF INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY WITH 
              RESPECT TO DIVERSITY, INCLUSION, AND EQUITY PRACTICES.

    (a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall 
carry out an independent audit of elements of the intelligence 
community with respect to diversity, inclusion, and equity practices in 
employment and community interactions.
    (b) Elements.--The audit carried out under subsection (a) shall, at 
a minimum, cover the following:
            (1) The hiring, retention, and promotion of women and 
        minorities, particularly Asian Americans, including analysis of 
        both data and business practices and the processes used.
            (2) Measures to address issues tagged in annual work 
        climate surveys.
            (3) Top management support of diversity officers and 
        initiatives, as well as of women and minority employee affinity 
        groups.
            (4) The engagement of community advisory groups to enhance 
        communications and to rebuild trust and cooperation with 
        minority and immigrant communities.

                   TITLE III--INVESTING IN OUR VALUES

SEC. 301. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, 
        the Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, the 
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee 
        on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 302. TIBET POLICY AND SUPPORT.

    (a) Modifications to and Reauthorization of the Tibetan Policy Act 
of 2002.--
            (1) Tibet negotiations.--Section 613 of the Tibetan Policy 
        Act of 2002 (subtitle B of title VI of division A of Public Law 
        107-228; 22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (a)--
                            (i) in paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by inserting ``without 
                                preconditions'' after ``a dialogue'';
                                    (II) by inserting ``or Central 
                                Tibetan Administration 
                                representatives'' after ``his 
                                representatives''; and
                                    (III) by adding at the end before 
                                the period the following: ``and should 
                                coordinate with other governments in 
                                multilateral efforts toward this 
                                goal'';
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraph (2) as 
                        paragraph (3); and
                            (iii) by inserting after paragraph (1) the 
                        following new paragraph:
            ``(2) Policy communication.--The President shall direct the 
        Secretary of State to ensure that, in accordance with this Act, 
        United States policy on Tibet, as coordinated by the United 
        States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues, is communicated 
        to all Federal departments and agencies in contact with the 
        Government of China.''; and
                    (B) in subsection (b)--
                            (i) in the matter preceding paragraph (1)--
                                    (I) by striking ``until December 
                                31, 2021''; and
                                    (II) by inserting ``and direct the 
                                Department of State to make public on 
                                its website'' after ``appropriate 
                                congressional committees'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (1), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (iii) in paragraph (2), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting a semicolon; 
                        and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following new 
                        paragraphs:
            ``(3) the steps taken by the United States Government to 
        promote and protect the human rights and the distinct 
        religious, cultural, linguistic, and national identity of the 
        Tibetan people, including the right of the Tibetan people to 
        choose their own religious leaders in accordance with their 
        established religious practice and system; and
            ``(4) an analysis of United States business activities in 
        Tibet, whether those activities employ Tibetans and how many, 
        whether those activities are consistent with the protection of 
        the environment and Tibetan cultural traditions, and whether 
        those activities contribute to or support, through goods or 
        services, the surveillance of the people of Tibet.''.
            (2) Economic development in tibet.--Section 616 of such Act 
        (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``human 
                        rights,'' after ``respect Tibetan'';
                            (ii) in paragraph (8), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (iii) in paragraph (9), by striking the 
                        period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and
                            (iv) by adding at the end the following new 
                        paragraph:
            ``(10) neither provide incentive for, nor facilitate the 
        involuntary or coerced relocation of, Tibetan nomads from their 
        traditional pasturelands into concentrated settlements.''; and
                    (B) by adding at the end the following new 
                subsections:
    ``(e) Private Sector Investment.--The Secretary of State, in 
coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, should--
            ``(1) encourage United States businesses and individuals 
        that are engaged in commerce or investing in enterprises in 
        Tibet to abide by the principles specified in subsection (d) 
        and the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human 
        Rights; and
            ``(2) request that such businesses and individuals provide 
        to the Department of State periodic reports on their adherence 
        to such principles.
    ``(f) United States Assistance.--The President shall provide grants 
to nongovernmental organizations to support sustainable economic 
development, cultural and historical preservation, health care, 
education, and environmental sustainability projects for Tibetan 
communities in Tibet, in accordance with the principles specified in 
subsection (d) and subject to the review and approval of the United 
States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues under section 621(d) or, 
if the Coordinator has not been appointed, the Assistant Secretary of 
State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor.''.
            (3) Diplomatic representation relating to tibet.--Section 
        618 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended to read as 
        follows:

``SEC. 618. DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION RELATING TO TIBET.

    ``(a) United States Consulate in Lhasa, Tibet.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary should seek to establish a 
        United States consulate in Lhasa, Tibet, to provide consular 
        services to United States citizens traveling in Tibet and to 
        monitor political, economic, and cultural developments in 
        Tibet.
            ``(2) Consular districts.--The Secretary should organize 
        the United States Embassy's consular districts within the 
        People's Republic of China so that all areas designated as 
        autonomous for Tibetans are contained within the same consular 
        district.
    ``(b) Tibet Section in United States Embassy in Beijing, China.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a Tibet 
        section within the United States Embassy in Beijing, China, to 
        follow political, economic, and social developments in Tibet 
        until such time as a United States consulate in Lhasa, Tibet, 
        is established under subsection (a).
            ``(2) Duties.--The Tibet section established under 
        paragraph (1) shall have the primary responsibility of 
        reporting on human rights issues and access to Tibet by United 
        States Government officials, journalists, nongovernmental 
        organizations, and the Tibetan diaspora, and shall work in 
        close cooperation with the United States Special Coordinator 
        for Tibetan Issues.
    ``(c) Policy.--The Secretary shall not authorize the establishment 
in the United States of any additional consulate of the People's 
Republic of China until such time as a United States consulate in 
Lhasa, Tibet, is established under subsection (a).''.
            (4) Religious persecution in tibet.--Section 620(b) of such 
        Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended by adding at the end 
        before the period the following: ``, including with respect to 
        the reincarnation system of Tibetan Buddhism''.
            (5) United states special coordinator for tibetan issues.--
        Section 621 of such Act (22 U.S.C. 6901 note) is amended--
                    (A) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:
    ``(c) Objectives.--The objectives of the Special Coordinator are 
to--
            ``(1) promote substantive dialogue without preconditions 
        between the Government of China and the Dalai Lama or his 
        representatives or Central Tibetan Administration 
        representatives leading to a negotiated agreement on Tibet;
            ``(2) encourage the Government of China to address the 
        aspirations of the Tibetan people regarding their cultural, 
        religious, linguistic, and national identity;
            ``(3) promote the human rights and religious freedoms of 
        the Tibetan people, including women's human rights;
            ``(4) promote activities to preserve the distinct 
        environment and water resources of the Tibetan plateau;
            ``(5) promote economic development as enumerated in section 
        616(e); and
            ``(6) promote access to Tibet in accordance with the 
        Reciprocal Access to Tibet Act of 2018 (Public Law 115-330).'';
                    (B) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' 
                        at the end;
                            (ii) by redesignating paragraph (6) as 
                        paragraph (8); and
                            (iii) by inserting after paragraph (5) the 
                        following new paragraphs:
            ``(6) review and approve all projects carried out pursuant 
        to section 616(f) of this Act and section 7(b) of the Tibetan 
        Policy and Support Act of 2019;
            ``(7) seek to establish international diplomatic coalitions 
        to--
                    ``(A) oppose any effort by the Government of China 
                to identify or install Tibetan Buddhist religious 
                leaders in a manner inconsistent with the established 
                religious practice and system of Tibetan Buddhism; and
                    ``(B) ensure that the identification and 
                installation of Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders, 
                including a future 15th Dalai Lama, is determined 
                solely within the Tibetan Buddhist faith community, in 
                accordance with the universally recognized right to 
                religious freedom; and''; and
                    (C) by adding at the end the following new 
                subsection:
    ``(e) Personnel.--The Secretary shall assign not less than three 
individuals to the Office of the Special Coordinator to assist in the 
management of the responsibilities of this section.''.
            (6) Geographic definition of tibet.--Such Act (22 U.S.C. 
        6901 note), as so amended, is further amended by adding at the 
        end the following new section:

``SEC. 622. GEOGRAPHIC DEFINITION OF TIBET.

    ``In this Act and in implementing policies relating to the Tibetan 
people under other provisions of law, the term `Tibet', unless 
otherwise specified, means--
            ``(1) the Tibet Autonomous Region; and
            ``(2) the Tibetan areas of Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, and 
        Yunnan provinces.''.
    (b) Statement of Policy Regarding the Succession or Reincarnation 
of the Dalai Lama.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
                    (A) Tibetan Buddhism is practiced in many 
                countries, including the People's Republic of China, 
                Bhutan, Nepal, Mongolia, India, the Russian Federation, 
                and the United States.
                    (B) No single political entity encompasses the 
                territory in which Tibetan Buddhism is practiced.
                    (C) The Dalai Lama is widely revered by Tibetan 
                Buddhists and those who practice Tibetan Buddhism 
                around the world, including those in the United States, 
                as their spiritual leader.
                    (D) Under the Tibetan Buddhist belief system, there 
                have been 14 persons recognized as the Dalai Lama, each 
                a manifestation of the Bodhisattva of Compassion, 
                selected according to the spiritual traditions and 
                practices of Tibetan Buddhism.
                    (E) The 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso, issued a 
                statement on September 24, 2011, explaining the 
                traditions and spiritual precepts of the selection of 
                Dalai Lamas, setting forth his views on the 
                considerations and process for selecting his successor, 
                and providing a response to the claims of the 
                Government of China that only that Government has the 
                ultimate authority in the selection process of the 
                Dalai Lama.
                    (F) The 14th Dalai Lama said in his statement that 
                if a decision to continue the institution of the Dalai 
                Lama is made, that the responsibility shall primarily 
                rest with the Dalai Lama's Gaden Phodrang Trust, who 
                will be informed by the written instructions of the 
                14th Dalai Lama.
                    (G) Since 2011, the 14th Dalai Lama has reiterated 
                publicly on numerous occasions that decisions on the 
                succession or reincarnation of the next Dalai Lama 
                belong to the Tibetan Buddhist faith community alone.
                    (H) The Government of China has interfered in the 
                process of recognizing a successor or reincarnation of 
                Tibetan Buddhist leaders, including in 1995 by 
                arbitrarily detaining Gedhun Choekyi Nyima, a 6-year-
                old boy who was identified as the 11th Panchen Lama, 
                and purporting to install its own candidate as the 
                Panchen Lama.
                    (I) During his confirmation hearings to be 
                Secretary of State, Michael Pompeo testified to the 
                Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate, ``If 
                confirmed, I will press the Chinese government to 
                respect the legitimacy of Tibetan Buddhists' religious 
                practices. This includes the decisions of Tibetan 
                Buddhists in selecting, educating, and venerating the 
                lamas who lead the faith, such as the Dalai Lama.''.
                    (J) The Department of State's Report on 
                International Religious Freedom for 2017 reported on 
                policies and efforts of the Government of China to 
                exert control over the selection of Tibetan Buddhist 
                religious leaders, including reincarnate lamas, and 
                stated that ``U.S. officials underscored that decisions 
                on the reincarnation of the Dalai Lama should be made 
                solely by faith leaders''.
                    (K) In July 2015, Under Secretary of State for 
                Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, Sarah 
                Sewall, serving concurrently as United States Special 
                Coordinator for Tibetan Issues, testified to Congress 
                that ``the basic and universally recognized right of 
                religious freedom demands that any decision on the next 
                Dalai Lama be reserved to the current Dalai Lama, 
                Tibetan Buddhist leaders, and the Tibetan people''.
                    (L) On June 8, 2015, the United States House of 
                Representatives unanimously approved House Resolution 
                337 (114th Congress) which calls on the United States 
                Government to ``underscore that government interference 
                in the Tibetan reincarnation process is a violation of 
                the internationally recognized right to religious 
                freedom, and that matters related to reincarnations in 
                Tibetan Buddhism are of keen interest to Tibetan 
                Buddhist populations worldwide''.
                    (M) On April 25, 2018, the United States Senate 
                unanimously approved Senate Resolution 429 (115th 
                Congress), which ``expresses its sense that the 
                identification and installation of Tibetan Buddhist 
                religious leaders, including a future 15th Dalai Lama, 
                is a matter that should be determined solely within the 
                Tibetan Buddhist faith community, in accordance with 
                the inalienable right to religious freedom''.
            (2) Statement of policy.--It is the policy of the United 
        States that--
                    (A) decisions regarding the identification and 
                installation of Tibetan Buddhist religious leaders, 
                including a future 15th Dalai Lama, are exclusively 
                spiritual matters that should be made by the 
                appropriate religious authorities within the Tibetan 
                Buddhist tradition and in the context of the will of 
                religious practitioners and the instructions of the 
                14th Dalai Lama; and
                    (B) interference by the Government of China or any 
                other government in the process of recognizing a 
                successor or reincarnation of the Dalai Lama would 
                represent a clear violation of the fundamental 
                religious freedoms of Tibetan Buddhists and the Tibetan 
                people.
            (3) Amendments to foreign relations authorization act, 
        fiscal years 1990 and 1991.--Section 901(a) of the Foreign 
        Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (Public 
        Law 101-246; 104 Stat. 80) is amended--
                    (A) by redesignating paragraphs (7), (8), and (9) 
                as paragraphs (8), (9), and (10), respectively; and
                    (B) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following 
                new paragraph:
            ``(7) protecting the internationally recognized right to 
        the freedom of religion and belief, including ensuring that the 
        identification and installation of Tibetan Buddhist religious 
        leaders, including a future 15th Dalai Lama, is a matter 
        determined solely within the Tibetan Buddhist faith community, 
        based on instructions of the 14th Dalai Lama, without 
        interference by the Government of China;''.
            (4) Holding chinese officials responsible for religious 
        freedom abuses targeting tibetan buddhists.--It is the policy 
        of the United States--
                    (A) to consider any effort by the Government of 
                China to identify or install its own candidate as the 
                future 15th Dalai Lama of Tibetan Buddhism to be--
                            (i) a serious human rights abuse as such 
                        term is used in Executive Order No. 13818 
                        (relating to blocking the property of persons 
                        involved in serious human rights abuse or 
                        corruption); and
                            (ii) a particularly severe violation of 
                        religious freedom for purposes of applying 
                        section 212(a)(2)(G) of the Immigration and 
                        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(G); and
                    (B) to consider any official of the Government of 
                China determined to be complicit in identifying or 
                installing a government-approved candidate as the 
                future 15th Dalai Lama, contrary to the instructions 
                provided by the 14th Dalai Lama, and one not recognized 
                by the faith community of Tibetan Buddhists globally, 
                to be subject to sanctions described in Executive Order 
                No. 13818 and to inadmissibility into the United States 
                under section 212(a)(2)(G) of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)).
            (5) Department of state programming to promote religious 
        freedom for tibetan buddhists.--Consistent with section 401 of 
        the Frank R. Wolf International Religious Freedom Act (Public 
        Law 114-281; 130 Stat. 1436), using funds available to the 
        Department of State for international religious freedom 
        programs, the Ambassador at Large for International Religious 
        Freedom should provide funding to vigorously protect and 
        promote international religious freedom in the People's 
        Republic of China and for programs to protect Tibetan Buddhism 
        in China and elsewhere.
    (c) Reporting on Tibet Under the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998.--Section 102(b)(1) of the International Religious Freedom 
Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6412(b)(1)) is amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``, including 
        policies'' and inserting ``, including interference in the 
        right of religious communities to choose their leaders, 
        policies''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
                    ``(H) China.--Because matters relating to religious 
                freedom in China are complex in scope and intensity and 
                often vary by ethnicity and geographic or 
                administrative region, each chapter on China in the 
                Annual Report shall include separate sections on--
                            ``(i) Tibet;
                            ``(ii) the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous 
                        Region;
                            ``(iii) Hong Kong and Macau;
                            ``(iv) unrecognized or independent Catholic 
                        and Protestant `house churches'; and
                            ``(v) Falun Gong and faith-based or new 
                        religious movements.''.
    (d) Policy Regarding the Environment and Water Resources on the 
Tibetan Plateau.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                    (A) Glaciers in Tibet feed 10 of the major rivers 
                of South and East Asia, which supply fresh water to an 
                estimated 1,800,000,000 people.
                    (B) Chinese scientists have reported that since 
                1960 the Tibetan Plateau's annual average temperature 
                has increased at twice the global average, causing 
                melting of the glaciers, which will result in variable 
                water flows in the future.
                    (C) Tibet's rivers support wetlands that play a key 
                role in water storage, water quality, and the 
                regulation of water flow, and support biodiversity, 
                foster vegetation growth, and act as carbon sinks.
                    (D) The grasslands of Tibet play a significant role 
                in carbon production and sequestration.
                    (E) Changes in permafrost levels can affect the 
                water supply, cause desertification, and destabilize 
                infrastructure on the Tibetan Plateau and beyond.
                    (F) The warming of the Tibetan Plateau may cause 
                changes in the monsoon cycle in South and Southeast 
                Asia, which could lead to droughts or floods that 
                overwhelm infrastructure and damage crops.
                    (G) The resettlement of nomads from Tibetan 
                grasslands undermines the application of traditional 
                stewardship practices developed through centuries of 
                pastoral practices, which can be key to mitigating the 
                negative effects of warming on the Tibetan Plateau.
                    (H) The construction of large hydroelectric power 
                dams in Tibet, planned to be used in part to transmit 
                power to Chinese provinces outside of Tibet, as well as 
                other infrastructure projects, including the Sichuan-
                Tibet railroad may also lead to the resettlement of 
                thousands of Tibetans and transform the environment.
                    (I) Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam are 
                members of the Mekong River Commission, which promotes 
                sustainable management and development of water and 
                related resources among member nations.
                    (J) The People's Republic of China is not a full 
                party to the Mekong River Commission.
                    (K) The People's Republic of China has 
                approximately 20 percent of the world's population but 
                only around 7 percent of the world's water supply, with 
                India and the rest of South and Southeast Asia also 
                relying on the rivers flowing from the Himalayas of the 
                Tibetan Plateau.
                    (L) The People's Republic of China has already 
                completed water transfer programs diverting billions of 
                cubic meters of water yearly and there are plans to 
                divert more waters from the Tibetan plateau in the 
                People's Republic of China.
            (2) Water resources in tibet and the tibetan watershed.--
        The Secretary of State, in coordination with relevant agencies 
        of the United States Government, shall--
                    (A) pursue efforts to monitor the environment on 
                the Tibetan Plateau, including glacial retreat, 
                temperature rise, and carbon levels, in order to 
                promote a greater understanding of the effects on 
                permafrost, river flows, grasslands and 
                desertification, and the monsoon cycle;
                    (B) engage with the Government of China, the 
                Central Tibetan Administration, and nongovernmental 
                organizations to encourage the participation of Tibetan 
                nomads and other Tibetan stakeholders in the 
                development and implementation of grassland management 
                policies, in order to utilize their indigenous 
                experience in mitigation and stewardship of the land, 
                and to assess policies on the forced resettlement of 
                nomads; and
                    (C) encourage a regional framework on water 
                security or use existing frameworks, such as the Lower 
                Mekong Initiative, to facilitate cooperative agreements 
                among all riparian nations that would promote 
                transparency, sharing of information, pollution 
                regulation, and arrangements on impounding and 
                diversion of waters that originate on the Tibetan 
                Plateau.
            (3) Tibetan water resources and national security.--Section 
        1202(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act of 2000 
        (Public Law 106-65; 10 U.S.C. 113 note) is amended by adding at 
        the end the following:
            ``(29) Tibet's strategic importance and the strategic 
        importance of water resources from the Tibetan Plateau in 
        regional and territorial disputes.''.
    (e) Democracy in the Tibetan Exile Community.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                    (A) The 14th Dalai Lama has overseen a process of 
                democratization within the Tibetan policy, beginning in 
                Tibet in the 1950s and continuing in exile from the 
                1960s to the present.
                    (B) The first representative body in Tibetan 
                history, formed on September 2, 1960, was the precursor 
                of the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile, the legislative 
                branch within the Central Tibetan Administration.
                    (C) The first direct election for the chief 
                executive of the Central Tibetan Administration was 
                held on July 29, 2001, with the election of Professor 
                Samdhong Rinpoche.
                    (D) On March 10, 2011, the 14th Dalai Lama 
                announced that he would relinquish his political 
                responsibilities and on August 8, 2011, he transferred 
                full political power to the elected leadership of the 
                Central Tibetan Administration.
                    (E) On March 20, 2011, members of the Tibetan exile 
                community across some 30 countries held elections, 
                monitored by international observers and assessed to be 
                free and fair, to select the next parliament and chief 
                executive.
                    (F) As a result of the codification of the transfer 
                of political power from the Dalai Lama, the Kalon 
                Tripa, or Chief of the Cabinet, assumed full executive 
                authority and the Tibetan Parliament-in-Exile assumed 
                full legislative authority within the Central Tibetan 
                Administration.
                    (G) As a result of the 2011 elections, the 15th 
                Tibetan Parliament was seated and Lobsang Sangay was 
                chosen as Kalon Tripa, a title changed to Sikyong in 
                2012.
                    (H) Approximately 6,000,000 Tibetans in Tibet do 
                not enjoy a democratic form of government or the 
                ability to elect their political representatives.
                    (I) Section 355 of the Foreign Relations 
                Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1992 and 1993 (Public 
                Law 102-138; 105 Stat 713), expressed the sense of 
                Congress that Tibet's true representatives are the 
                Dalai Lama and the Tibetan government-in-exile as 
                recognized by the Tibetan people and that Tibet has 
                maintained throughout its history a distinctive and 
                sovereign national, cultural, and religious identity 
                separate from that of China and, except during periods 
                of illegal Chinese occupation, has maintained a 
                separate and sovereign political and territorial 
                identity.
                    (J) The Middle Way Approach, the official policy of 
                the Central Tibetan Administration, seeks genuine 
                autonomy for the 6,000,000 Tibetans in Tibet.
            (2) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
                    (A) Tibetan exile communities around the world 
                should be commended for the successful adoption of a 
                system of self-governance with democratic institutions 
                and free elections to choose their leaders;
                    (B) the Dalai Lama should be commended for his 
                decision to transfer political authority to elected 
                leaders in accordance with democratic principles;
                    (C) the Central Tibetan Administration legitimately 
                represents and reflects the aspirations of Tibetan 
                people around the world, and the Sikyong is the 
                President of the Central Tibetan Administration;
                    (D) consistent with section 621(d)(3) of the 
                Tibetan Policy Act of 2002 (22 U.S.C. 6901 note), the 
                United States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues 
                should continue to maintain close contact with the 
                religious, cultural, and elected leaders of the Tibetan 
                people; and
                    (E) the adoption of democracy within the Tibetan 
                exile community can serve as an example to other 
                exiled, subnational, or nonsovereign communities around 
                the world.
    (f) Sustainability in Tibetan Communities Seeking To Preserve Their 
Culture, Religion, and Language.--
            (1) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
                    (A) Following the flight into exile of the Dalai 
                Lama and tens of thousands of fellow Tibetans, the 
                Government of India graciously granted land on which 
                the Tibetan refugees could settle.
                    (B) Under the leadership of the Dalai Lama, Tibetan 
                refugees established settlements in Indian, Nepalese, 
                and Bhutanese monastic, cultural, and educational 
                institutions for the purpose of preserving their 
                religion, culture, and language until the time that 
                they could return to Tibet.
                    (C) Many of the Tibetan settlements are more than 
                50 years old, with aging infrastructure, challenging 
                the capacity to absorb new refugees and provide modern 
                services and gainful employment.
                    (D) The threats to Tibetan culture, religion, and 
                language in the People's Republic of China justify 
                support for efforts by Tibetans outside China to 
                preserve their heritage.
                    (E) Many long-staying Tibetans in Nepal have not 
                received documentation that would provide legal 
                resident status and allow them fuller access to 
                educational opportunities and sustainable participation 
                in the economy and society of Nepal.
                    (F) It is United States policy to promote the human 
                rights of the Tibetan people and the preservation of 
                the distinct Tibetan cultural, religious, and 
                linguistic heritage.
                    (G) The Dalai Lama has said that the Central 
                Tibetan Administration will cease to exist once a 
                negotiated settlement has been achieved that allows 
                Tibetans to freely enjoy their culture, religion, and 
                language in Tibet.
            (2) Development assistance.--Of the amount authorized to be 
        appropriated for development assistance for fiscal year 2020, 
        such sums as may be necessary are authorized to be available to 
        support the preservation of Tibetan cultural, religious, and 
        linguistic heritage, as well as the education, skills 
        development, and entrepreneurship of Tibetans residing in 
        settlements in South Asia, subject to review and approval of 
        the United States Special Coordinator for Tibetan Issues.
            (3) Tibetans in nepal.--The Secretary of State shall urge 
        the Government of Nepal to provide legal documentation to long-
        staying Tibetan residents in Nepal who fled a credible threat 
        of persecution in Tibet, in order to allow them to more fully 
        participate in the economy and society of Nepal.
            (4) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that 
        the Office of Tibet in Washington, DC, is the representative 
        office in the United States of the Dalai Lama and the Central 
        Tibetan Administration.
            (5) Sunset.--This section shall terminate on the date that 
        is one year after the date on which the Secretary of State 
        certifies to Congress that a negotiated settlement between the 
        Government of China and the Dalai Lama or his representatives 
        or Central Tibetan Administration representatives on Tibet has 
        been concluded.
    (g) Authorization of Appropriations.--
            (1) Office of the united states special coordinator for 
        tibetan issues.--Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated 
        to the Department of State for administration of foreign 
        affairs, not less than $1,000,000 is authorized to be 
        appropriated for fiscal year 2021 and each subsequent fiscal 
        year for the Office of the United States Special Coordinator 
        for Tibetan Issues.
            (2) Tibetan scholarship program and ``ngwang choepel 
        exchange programs''.--Of the amounts authorized to be 
        appropriated for educational and cultural exchange programs for 
        fiscal year 2021 and each subsequent fiscal year--
                    (A) not less than $750,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out the Tibetan scholarship 
                program established under section 103(b)(1) of the 
                Human Rights, Refugee, and Other Foreign Relations 
                Provisions Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-319; 110 Stat. 
                3865); and
                    (B) not less than $650,000 is authorized to be 
                appropriated to carry out the ``Ngwang Choepel Exchange 
                Programs'' (formerly known as ``programs of educational 
                and cultural exchange between the United States and the 
                people of Tibet'') under section 103(a) of the Human 
                Rights, Refugee, and Other Foreign Relations Provisions 
                Act of 1996.
            (3) Humanitarian assistance to tibetan refugees in south 
        asia.--Of the amounts authorized to be appropriated for 
        migration and refugee assistance for fiscal year 2021 and each 
        subsequent fiscal year, such sums as may be necessary are 
        authorized to be appropriated for humanitarian assistance, 
        including food, medicine, clothing, and medical and vocational 
        training, to Tibetan refugees in South Asia who have fled 
        facing a credible threat of persecution in the People's 
        Republic of China.
            (4) Development assistance.--Of the funds appropriated 
        under the heading ``Economic Support Fund'' for fiscal year 
        2021 and each subsequent fiscal year, not less than $6,000,000 
        is authorized for programs to promote and preserve Tibetan 
        culture and language both in the refugee and diaspora Tibetan 
        communities, development, and the resilience of Tibetan 
        communities and the Central Tibetan Administration in India and 
        Nepal, and to assist in the education and development of the 
        next generation of Tibetan leaders from such communities.
            (5) Tibetan governance.--Of the funds appropriated under 
        the heading ``Economic Support Fund'' for fiscal year 2021 and 
        each subsequent fiscal year, not less than $3,000,000 is 
        authorized for programs to strengthen the capacity of Central 
        Tibetan Administration institutions and strengthen democracy, 
        governance, information and international outreach, and 
        research.

SEC. 303. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR PROMOTION OF DEMOCRACY IN 
              HONG KONG.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be 
appropriated $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2021 for the Bureau of 
Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor of the Department of State to 
promote democracy in Hong Kong.
    (b) Administration.--The Secretary of State shall designate an 
office with the Department of State to administer and coordinate the 
provision of such funds described in subsection (a) within the 
Department of State and across the United States Government.

SEC. 304. HONG KONG SPECIAL IMMIGRANT VISA ACCESS AND CIVIL SOCIETY 
              SUPPORT.

    (a) Designation of Certain Residents of Hong Kong as Priority 2 
Refugees.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in consultation 
        with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall designate, as 
        Priority 2 refugees of special humanitarian concern--
                    (A) individuals who are residents of the Hong Kong 
                Special Administrative Region who suffered persecution 
                or have a well-founded fear of persecution on account 
                of their peaceful expression of political opinions or 
                peaceful participation in political activities or 
                associations;
                    (B) individuals who have been charged, detained, or 
                convicted on account of their peaceful actions (as 
                described in section 206(b)(2) of the United States-
                Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992 (22 U.S.C. 5726(b)(2)); 
                and
                    (C) the spouses, children, and parents (as such 
                terms are defined in subsections (a) and (b) of section 
                101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1101)) of individuals described in subparagraph (A) or 
                (B).
            (2) Processing of hong kong refugees.--The processing of 
        individuals described in paragraph (1) for classification as 
        refugees may occur in Hong Kong or in a third country.
            (3) Eligibility for admission as refugees.--An alien may 
        not be denied the opportunity to apply for admission as a 
        refugee under this section because such alien--
                    (A) qualifies as an immediate relative of a citizen 
                of the United States; or
                    (B) is eligible for admission to the United States 
                under any other immigrant classification.
            (4) Facilitation of admissions.--An applicant for admission 
        to the United States from the Hong Kong Special Administrative 
        Region may not be denied solely on the basis of a politically 
        motivated arrest, detention, or other adverse government action 
        taken against such applicant as a result of the participation 
        by such applicant in protest activities.
            (5) Exclusion from numerical limitations.--Aliens provided 
        refugee status under this subsection shall not be counted 
        against any numerical limitation under section 201, 202, 203, 
        or 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151, 
        1152, 1153, and 1157).
            (6) Reporting requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days 
                thereafter, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of 
                Homeland Security shall submit a report on the matters 
                described in subparagraph (B) to--
                            (i) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
                        Senate;
                            (ii) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
                        the Senate;
                            (iii) the Select Committee on Intelligence 
                        of the Senate;
                            (iv) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            (v) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
                        House of Representatives; and
                            (vi) the Permanent Select Committee on 
                        Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
                    (B) Matters to be included.--Each report required 
                under subparagraph (A) shall include--
                            (i) of the applications pending at the end 
                        of the reporting period, the number of 
                        applications in which--
                                    (I) eligibility for the Priority 2 
                                refugee program has been confirmed;
                                    (II) a prescreening interview with 
                                a resettlement support center has been 
                                completed;
                                    (III) an interview with U.S. 
                                Citizenship and Immigration Services 
                                has been completed;
                                    (IV) the required security checks 
                                have been completed; or
                                    (V) final adjudication has been 
                                made;
                            (ii) the average wait-times for all pending 
                        applications until--
                                    (I) eligibility for the Priority 2 
                                refugee program is confirmed;
                                    (II) a prescreening interview with 
                                a resettlement support center is 
                                completed;
                                    (III) an interview with U.S. 
                                Citizenship and Immigration Services is 
                                completed;
                                    (IV) the required security checks 
                                are completed; and
                                    (V) final adjudication is made;
                            (iii) the number of denials of applications 
                        for refugee status, disaggregated by the reason 
                        for each such denial; and
                            (iv) the circuit rides--
                                    (I) completed in the prior quarter, 
                                listed by date, location, and number of 
                                interviews completed; and
                                    (II) planned for the upcoming 2 
                                quarters, listed by anticipated date, 
                                location, and number of interviews to 
                                be completed.
                    (C) Form.--Each report required under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
                include a classified annex.
                    (D) Public reports.--Not later than 7 days after 
                the submission of each report under this paragraph, the 
                Secretary of State shall make the report available to 
                the public on the website of the Department of State.
            (7) Satisfaction of other requirements.--Aliens granted 
        status under this subsection as Priority 2 refugees of special 
        humanitarian concern under the refugee resettlement priority 
        system shall be considered to satisfy the requirements under 
        section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1157) for admission to the United States.
    (b) Waiver of Immigrant Status Presumption.--
            (1) In general.--The presumption under the first sentence 
        of section 214(b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
        U.S.C. 1184(b)) that every alien is an immigrant until the 
        alien establishes that the alien is entitled to nonimmigrant 
        status shall not apply to an alien described in paragraph (2).
            (2) Alien described.--An alien described in this paragraph 
        is an alien who--
                    (A) was a resident of the Hong Kong Special 
                Administrative Region as of June 18, 2020;
                    (B) is seeking entry to the United States to apply 
                for asylum under section 208 of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1158); and
                    (C)(i) had a leadership role in civil society 
                organizations supportive of the protests in 2019 and 
                2020 relating to the Hong Kong extradition bill and the 
                encroachment on the autonomy of Hong Kong by the 
                People's Republic of China;
                    (ii) had an organizing role for such protests;
                    (iii) acted as a first aid responder for such 
                protests;
                    (iv) suffered harm while covering such protests as 
                a journalist;
                    (v) provided paid or pro bono legal services to 1 
                or more individuals arrested for participating in such 
                protests; or
                    (vi) during the 1-year period beginning on June 9, 
                2019, was formally charged, detained, or convicted for 
                his or her participation in such protests.
    (c) Refugee and Asylum Determinations Under the Immigration and 
Nationality Act.--
            (1) Persecution on account of political opinion.--
                    (A) In general.--For purposes of refugee 
                determinations under this section in accordance with 
                section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
                U.S.C. 1157), an individual whose citizenship, 
                nationality, or residency is revoked for having 
                submitted to any United States Government agency a 
                nonfrivolous application for refugee status, asylum, or 
                any other immigration benefit under the immigration 
                laws (as defined in section 101(a) of such Act (8 
                U.S.C. 1101(a)) shall be considered to have suffered 
                persecution on account of political opinion.
                    (B) Nationals of the people's republic of china.--
                For purposes of refugee determinations under this 
                section in accordance with section 207 of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157), a 
                national of the People's Republic of China whose 
                residency in the Hong Kong Special Administrative 
                region, or any other area within the jurisdiction of 
                the People's Republic of China, as determined by the 
                Secretary of State, is revoked for having submitted to 
                any United States Government agency a nonfrivolous 
                application for refugee status, asylum, or any other 
                immigration benefit under the immigration laws shall be 
                considered to have suffered persecution on account of 
                political opinion.
            (2) Changed circumstances.--For purposes of asylum 
        determinations under this section in accordance with section 
        208 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1158), the 
        revocation of the citizenship, nationality, or residency of an 
        individual for having submitted to any United States Government 
        agency a nonfrivolous application for refugee status, asylum, 
        or any other immigration benefit under the immigration laws 
        shall be considered to be a changed circumstance under 
        subsection (a)(2)(D) of such section.
    (d) Statement of Policy on Encouraging Allies and Partners To Make 
Similar Accommodations.--It is the policy of the United States to 
encourage allies and partners of the United States to make 
accommodations similar to the accommodations made under this section 
for residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region who are 
fleeing oppression by the Government of China.
    (e) Termination.--This section shall cease to have effect on the 
date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 305. UYGHUR SPECIAL IMMIGRANT VISA ACCESS AND CIVIL SOCIETY 
              SUPPORT FOR GROUPS IN THE XINJIANG UYGHUR AUTONOMOUS 
              REGION.

    (a) Designation of Certain Residents of Xinjiang as Priority 2 
Refugees.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of State, in consultation 
        with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall designate, as 
        Priority 2 refugees of special humanitarian concern--
                    (A) Uyghurs, ethnic Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of 
                other Muslim minority groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur 
                Autonomous Region who have been arbitrarily detained in 
                internment camps, suffered persecution, or have a well-
                founded fear of persecution on account of their 
                ethnicity or religious beliefs;
                    (B) the spouses, children, and parents (as such 
                terms are defined in subsections (a) and (b) of section 
                101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
                1101)) of individuals described in subparagraph (A).
            (2) Processing of xinjiang refugees.--The processing of 
        individuals described in paragraph (1) for classification as 
        refugees may occur in Hong Kong or in another country.
            (3) Eligibility for admission as refugees.--An alien may 
        not be denied the opportunity to apply for admission as a 
        refugee under this section because such alien--
                    (A) qualifies as an immediate relative of a citizen 
                of the United States; or
                    (B) is eligible for admission to the United States 
                under any other immigrant classification.
            (4) Facilitation of admissions.--An applicant for admission 
        to the United States from the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region 
        may not be denied primarily on the basis of an arbitrary 
        arrest, detention, or other adverse government action taken 
        against such applicant as a result of his or her ethnicity or 
        religious beliefs.
            (5) Exclusion from numerical limitations.--Aliens provided 
        refugee status under this section shall not be counted against 
        any numerical limitation under section 201, 202, 203, or 207 of 
        the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1151, 1152, 1153, 
        and 1157).
            (6) Reporting requirements.--
                    (A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the 
                date of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days 
                thereafter, the Secretary of State and the Secretary of 
                Homeland Security shall submit a report on the matters 
                described in subparagraph (B) to--
                            (i) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
                        Senate;
                            (ii) the Committee on Foreign Relations of 
                        the Senate;
                            (iii) the Select Committee on Intelligence 
                        of the Senate;
                            (iv) the Committee on the Judiciary of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            (v) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
                        House of Representatives; and
                            (vi) the Permanent Select Committee on 
                        Intelligence of the House of Representatives.
                    (B) Matters to be included.--Each report required 
                under subparagraph (A) shall include--
                            (i) of the applications pending at the end 
                        of the reporting period, the number of 
                        applications in which--
                                    (I) eligibility for the Priority 2 
                                refugee program has been confirmed;
                                    (II) a prescreening interview with 
                                a resettlement support center has been 
                                completed;
                                    (III) an interview with U.S. 
                                Citizenship and Immigration Services 
                                has been completed;
                                    (IV) the required security checks 
                                have been completed; or
                                    (V) final adjudication has been 
                                made;
                            (ii) the average wait-times for all pending 
                        applications until--
                                    (I) eligibility for the Priority 2 
                                refugee program is confirmed;
                                    (II) a prescreening interview with 
                                a resettlement support center is 
                                completed;
                                    (III) an interview with U.S. 
                                Citizenship and Immigration Services is 
                                completed;
                                    (IV) the required security checks 
                                are completed; and
                                    (V) final adjudication is made;
                            (iii) the number of denials of applications 
                        for refugee status, disaggregated by the reason 
                        for each such denial; and
                            (iv) the circuit rides--
                                    (I) completed in the prior quarter, 
                                listed by date, location, and number of 
                                interviews completed; and
                                    (II) planned for the upcoming 2 
                                quarters, listed by anticipated date, 
                                location, and number of interviews to 
                                be completed.
                    (C) Form.--Each report required under subparagraph 
                (A) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 
                include a classified annex.
                    (D) Public reports.--Not later than 7 days after 
                the submission of each report under this paragraph, the 
                Secretary of State shall make the report available to 
                the public on the internet website of the Department of 
                State.
            (7) Satisfaction of other requirements.--Aliens granted 
        status under this subsection as Priority 2 refugees of special 
        humanitarian concern under the refugee resettlement priority 
        system shall be considered to satisfy the requirements under 
        section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 
        1157) for admission to the United States.
    (b) Waiver of Immigrant Status Presumption.--
            (1) In general.--The presumption under the first sentence 
        of section 214(b) (8 U.S.C. 1184(b)) that every alien is an 
        immigrant until the alien establishes that the alien is 
        entitled to nonimmigrant status shall not apply to an alien 
        described in paragraph (2).
            (2) Alien described.--An alien described in this paragraph 
        is an alien who--
                    (A) was a resident of the Xinjiang Uyghur 
                Autonomous Region as of August 11, 2020;
                    (B) is seeking entry to the United States to apply 
                for asylum under section 208 of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1158); and
                    (C)(i) was arbitrarily detained or imprisoned in an 
                internment camp in Xinjiang;
                    (ii) suffered harm while covering the situation in 
                Xinjiang as a journalist; or
                    (iii) provided paid or pro bono legal services to 1 
                or more individuals arrested or detained in Xinjiang.
    (c) Refugee and Asylum Determinations Under the Immigration and 
Nationality Act.--
            (1) Persecution on account of political opinion.--
                    (A) In general.--For purposes of refugee 
                determinations under this section in accordance with 
                section 207 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 
                U.S.C. 1157), an individual whose citizenship, 
                nationality, or residency is revoked for having 
                submitted to any United States Government agency a 
                nonfrivolous application for refugee status, asylum, or 
                any other immigration benefit under the immigration 
                laws (as defined in section 101(a) of such Act (8 
                U.S.C. 1101(a)) shall be considered to have suffered 
                persecution on account of political opinion.
                    (B) Nationals of the people's republic of china.--
                For purposes of refugee determinations under this 
                section in accordance with section 207 of the 
                Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1157), a 
                national of the People's Republic of China whose 
                residency in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous region, or 
                any other area within the jurisdiction of the People's 
                Republic of China, as determined by the Secretary of 
                State, is revoked for having submitted to any United 
                States Government agency a nonfrivolous application for 
                refugee status, asylum, or any other immigration 
                benefit under the immigration laws shall be considered 
                to have suffered persecution on account of political 
                opinion.
            (2) Changed circumstances.--For purposes of asylum 
        determinations under this section in accordance with section 
        208 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1158), the 
        revocation of the citizenship, nationality, or residency of an 
        individual for having submitted to any United States Government 
        agency a nonfrivolous application for refugee status, asylum, 
        or any other immigration benefit under the immigration laws 
        shall be considered to be a changed circumstance under 
        subsection (a)(2)(D) of such section.
    (d) Statement of Policy on Encouraging Allies and Partners To Make 
Similar Accommodations.--It is the policy of the United States to 
encourage allies and partners of the United States to make 
accommodations similar to the accommodations made under this section 
for residents of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region who are fleeing 
oppression by the Government of China.
    (e) Termination.--This section shall cease to have effect on the 
date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 306. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS RELATING TO FORCED LABOR.

    (a) Findings.--Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Government of China continues to use forced labor 
        in prisons and has established a system of extrajudicial mass 
        internment camps arbitrarily detaining as many as 1,800,000 
        Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim minority 
        groups in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, who have been 
        subjected to forced labor and severe human rights abuses.
            (2) More than 80,000 Uyghurs were transferred out of 
        Xinjiang to work in factories across the People's Republic of 
        China between 2017 and 2019, and some of them were sent 
        directly from detention camps, according to public reports.
            (3) Based on International Labour Organization indicators 
        of forced labor, Uyghur workers are subject to intimidation and 
        threats, are placed in positions of dependency and 
        vulnerability, face severe movement restrictions, are isolated, 
        face abusive working conditions, and work excessive hours.
    (b) Report Required.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than 
        annually thereafter, the President shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a report that identifies--
                    (A) each foreign person, including any official of 
                the Government of China, that the President 
                determines--
                            (i) knowingly, on or after such date of 
                        enactment, engages in, is responsible for, or 
                        facilitates forced labor in the People's 
                        Republic of China, including by Uyghurs, 
                        Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and members of other Muslim 
                        minority groups from the Xinjiang Uyghur 
                        Autonomous Region and other regions of the 
                        People's Republic of China; or
                            (ii) knowingly, on or after such date of 
                        enactment, engages in, contributes to, assists, 
                        or provides financial, material, or 
                        technological support for, the importation into 
                        the United States of goods produced with forced 
                        labor in the People's Republic of China;
                    (B) each Chinese entity that, on or after such date 
                of enactment--
                            (i) directly or indirectly uses forced 
                        labor in the People's Republic of China, 
                        including in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous 
                        Region; or
                            (ii) acts as an agent of an entity 
                        described in clause (i) to import goods into 
                        the United States;
                    (C) goods made wholly or in part by forced labor in 
                the People's Republic of China, including in the 
                Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region; and
                    (D) each person that, on or after such date of 
                enactment, sells such goods in the United States.
            (2) Form.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall be 
        submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified 
        annex.
    (c) Imposition of Sanctions.--The President shall impose the 
following sanctions with respect to each foreign person identified 
under subsection (b)(1):
            (1) Asset blocking.--The President shall exercise all of 
        the powers granted to the President under the International 
        Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) to the 
        extent necessary to block and prohibit all transactions in 
        property and interests in property of the foreign person if 
        such property and interests in property are in the United 
        States, come within the United States, or are or come within 
        the possession or control of a United States person.
            (2) Ineligibility for visas, admission, or parole.--
                    (A) Visas, admission, or parole.--An alien 
                described in subsection (b)(1) is--
                            (i) inadmissible to the United States;
                            (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 
                        documentation to enter the United States; and
                            (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 
                        or paroled into the United States or to receive 
                        any other benefit under the Immigration and 
                        Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et seq.).
                    (B) Current visas revoked.--
                            (i) In general.--An alien described in 
                        subsection (b)(1) is subject to revocation of 
                        any visa or other entry documentation 
                        regardless of when the visa or other entry 
                        documentation is or was issued.
                            (ii) Immediate effect.--A revocation under 
                        clause (i) shall--
                                    (I) take effect immediately; and
                                    (II) automatically cancel any other 
                                valid visa or entry documentation that 
                                is in the alien's possession.
    (d) Designation of Additional Entities for Imposition of 
Sanctions.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a report that includes the 
        following:
                    (A) A determination with respect to whether 
                reasonable grounds exist to issue a withhold release 
                order pursuant to section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 
                (19 U.S.C. 1307) for each of the following:
                            (i) Yili Zhou Wan Garment Manufacturing 
                        Company.
                            (ii) Zhihui Haipai Internet of Things 
                        Technology Company.
                            (iii) Urumqi Shengshi Hua'er Culture 
                        Technology Limited Company.
                            (iv) Litai Textiles, Huafu Fashion Company.
                            (v) Esquel Group headquartered in Hong 
                        Kong.
                            (vi) Cofco Tunhe Company.
                    (B) If the President determines under subparagraph 
                (A) that reasonable grounds do not exist to issue a 
                withhold release order with respect to an entity 
                specified in that subparagraph, an explanation of the 
                reasons for that determination.
            (2) Form of report.--The report required by paragraph (1) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
        classified annex.
    (e) Implementation; Penalties.--
            (1) Implementation.--The President may exercise all 
        authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 
        1704) to the extent necessary to carry out this section.
            (2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
        violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
        subsection (c)(1) or any regulation, license, or order issued 
        to carry out that subsection shall be subject to the penalties 
        set forth in subsections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to 
        the same extent as a person that commits an unlawful act 
        described in subsection (a) of that section.
    (f) Waiver.--The President may waive the application of sanctions 
under this section with respect to a person if the President determines 
and certifies to the appropriate congressional committees that such a 
waiver is in the national interest of the United States.
    (g) Exception Relating to Importation of Goods.--
            (1) In general.--The authorities and requirements to impose 
        sanctions under this section shall not include the authority or 
        a requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of goods.
            (2) Good defined.--In this subsection, the term ``good'' 
        means any article, natural or manmade substance, material, 
        supply or manufactured product, including inspection and test 
        equipment, and excluding technical data.
    (h) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Chinese entity.--The term ``Chinese entity'' means an 
        entity organized under the laws of or otherwise subject to the 
        jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China.
            (2) Entity.--The term ``entity'' means a partnership, 
        association, trust, joint venture, corporation, group, 
        subgroup, or other organization.
            (3) Forced labor.--The term ``forced labor'' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 307 of the Tariff Act of 
        1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307).
            (4) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means any 
        person that is not a United States person.
            (5) Knowingly.--The term ``knowingly'', with respect to 
        conduct, a circumstance, or a result, means that a person has 
        actual knowledge, or should have known, of the conduct, the 
        circumstance, or the result.
            (6) Person.--The term ``person'' means an individual or 
        entity.
            (7) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity.

SEC. 307. INVESTIGATIONS OF ALLEGATIONS OF GOODS PRODUCED WITH FORCED 
              LABOR.

    Section 307 of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1307) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``All'' and inserting the following:
    ``(a) In General.--All'';
            (2) by striking ```Forced labor', as herein used,'' and 
        inserting the following:
    ``(c) Forced Labor Defined.--In this section, the term `forced 
labor'''; and
            (3) by inserting after subsection (a), as designated by 
        paragraph (1), the following:
    ``(b) Forced Labor Division.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is established in the Office of 
        Trade of U.S. Customs and Border Protection a Forced Labor 
        Division, which shall--
                    ``(A) receive and investigate allegations of goods, 
                wares, articles, or merchandise mined, produced, or 
                manufactured using forced labor; and
                    ``(B) coordinate with other agencies to enforce the 
                prohibition under subsection (a).
            ``(2) Prioritization of investigations.--In prioritizing 
        investigations under paragraph (1)(A), the Forced Labor 
        Division shall--
                    ``(A) consult closely with the Bureau of 
                International Labor Affairs of the Department of Labor 
                and the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in 
                Persons of the Department of State; and
                    ``(B) take into account--
                            ``(i) the complicity of--
                                    ``(I) the government of the foreign 
                                county in which the instance of forced 
                                labor is alleged to have occurred; and
                                    ``(II) the government of any other 
                                country that has facilitated the use of 
                                forced labor in the country described 
                                in subclause (I);
                            ``(ii) the ranking of the governments 
                        described in clause (i) in the most recent 
                        report on trafficking in persons required by 
                        section 110(b)(1) of the Trafficking Victims 
                        Protection Act of 2000 (22 U.S.C. 7107(b)(1));
                            ``(iii) whether the good involved in the 
                        alleged instance of forced labor is included in 
                        the most recent list of goods produced by child 
                        labor or forced labor required by section 
                        105(b)(1)(2)(C) of the Trafficking Victims 
                        Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005 (22 
                        U.S.C. 7112(b)(2)(C)); and
                            ``(iv) the effect taking action with 
                        respect to the alleged instance of forced labor 
                        would have in eradicating forced labor from the 
                        supply chain of the United States.''.

SEC. 308. RESTRICTIONS ON EXPORT, REEXPORT, AND IN-COUNTRY TRANSFERS OF 
              CERTAIN ITEMS THAT PROVIDE A CRITICAL CAPABILITY TO THE 
              GOVERNMENT OF CHINA TO SUPPRESS INDIVIDUAL PRIVACY, 
              FREEDOM, AND OTHER BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Commerce control list.--The term ``Commerce Control 
        List'' means the list set forth in Supplement No. 1 to part 774 
        of the Export Administration Regulations under subchapter C of 
        chapter VII of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (2) Export; in-country transfer; item; reexport.--The terms 
        ``export'', ``in-country transfer'', ``item'', and ``reexport'' 
        have the meaning given such terms in section 1742 of the Export 
        Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801).
    (b) List of Covered Items.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and as appropriate thereafter, the 
        President shall--
                    (A) identify any items that provide a critical 
                capability to the Government of China, or any person 
                acting on behalf of such government, to suppress 
                individual privacy, freedom of movement, and other 
                basic human rights, specifically through--
                            (i) surveillance, interception, and 
                        restriction of communications;
                            (ii) monitoring of individual location or 
                        movement or restricting individual movement;
                            (iii) monitoring or restricting access to 
                        and use of the internet;
                            (iv) monitoring or restricting use of 
                        social media;
                            (v) identification of individuals through 
                        facial recognition, voice recognition, or 
                        biometric indicators;
                            (vi) detention of individuals who are 
                        exercising basic human rights; and
                            (vii) forced labor in manufacturing; and
                    (B) pursuant to the Export Control Reform Act of 
                2018 (50 U.S.C. 4801 et seq.), include items identified 
                pursuant to subparagraph (A) on the Commerce Control 
                List in a category separate from other items, as 
                appropriate, on the Commerce Control List.
            (2) Support and cooperation.--Upon request, the head of a 
        Federal agency shall provide full support and cooperation to 
        the President in carrying out this subsection.
            (3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the 
        President shall consult with the relevant technical advisory 
        committees of the Department of Commerce to ensure that the 
        composition of items identified under paragraph (1)(A) and 
        included on the Commerce Control List does not unnecessarily 
        restrict commerce between the United States and the People's 
        Republic of China, consistent with the purposes of this 
        subsection.
    (c) Special License; Other Authorizations.--
            (1) In general.--Beginning not later than 180 days after 
        the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall, 
        pursuant to the Export Control Reform Act of 2018 (50 U.S.C. 
        4801 et seq.), require a license or other authorization for the 
        export, reexport, or in-country transfer to or within the 
        People's Republic of China of an item identified pursuant to 
        subsection (b)(1)(A) and included on the Commerce Control List.
            (2) Presumption of denial.--An application for a license or 
        other authorization described in paragraph (1) shall be subject 
        to a presumption of denial.
            (3) Public notice and comment.--The President shall provide 
        for notice and an opportunity for public comment, in accordance 
        with section 553 of title 5, United States Code, with respect 
        to action necessary to carry out this subsection.
    (d) International Coordination and Multilateral Controls.--It shall 
be the policy of the United States to seek to harmonize United States 
export control regulations with international export control regimes 
with respect to the items identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1)(A), 
including through the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for 
Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, done at The 
Hague December 1995, and other bilateral and multilateral mechanisms 
involving countries that export such items.
    (e) Termination of Suspension of Certain Other Programs and 
Activities.--Section 902(b)(1) of the Foreign Relations Authorization 
Act, Fiscal Years 1990 and 1991 (Public Law 101-246; 22 U.S.C. 2151 
note) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting 
        ``and Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region'' after ``Tibet'';
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``and'' at the end;
            (3) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``or'' after the 
        semicolon and inserting ``and''; and
            (4) by adding the following:
                    ``(F) the ending of mass internment of ethnic 
                Uyghurs and other Turkic Muslims in the Xinjiang Uyghur 
                Autonomous Region, including the intrusive system of 
                high-tech surveillance and policing in the region; 
                or''.

SEC. 309. REPORT ON USE AND APPLICABILITY OF SANCTIONS TO CHINESE 
              OFFICIALS COMPLICIT IN HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS.

    (a) In General.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, in consultation with the 
Secretary of the Treasury, shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on the use and applicability of 
sanctions, including financial sanctions and the denial of visas to 
enter the United States, with respect to officials of the Government of 
China complicit in human rights violations, including severe religious 
freedom restrictions and human trafficking.
    (b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) a list of all relevant authorities under statutes or 
        Executive orders for imposing sanctions described in subsection 
        (a);
            (2) an assessment of where, if at all, such authorities may 
        conflict, overlap, or otherwise require clarification;
            (3) a list of all instances in which designations for the 
        imposition of sanctions described in subsection (a) were made 
        during the one-year period preceding submission of the report; 
        and
            (4) an assessment of the effectiveness of those 
        designations in changing desired behavior and recommendations 
        for increasing the effectiveness of such designations.
    (c) Form of Report.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
submitted in unclassified form but may include a classified annex.

SEC. 310. RECIPROCITY FOR MEDIA ORGANIZATIONS.

    (a) Statement of Policy.--It shall be the policy of the United 
States to insist that the People's Republic of China afford 
representatives of United States media seeking entry into the People's 
Republic of China the same treatment afforded representatives of 
Chinese media seeking entry into the United States.
    (b) Annual Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the appropriate 
        committees of Congress a report on foreign information media 
        visa applications submitted by nationals of the People's 
        Republic of China.
            (2) Elements.--Each report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include the following for the preceding calendar year:
                    (A) The number of such visa applications received.
                    (B) The number of such applications granted, 
                disaggregated by visa category.
                    (C) The name and information regarding the 
                ownership of the news organization sponsoring each such 
                application.
            (3) Appropriate committees of congress defined.--In this 
        section, the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' 
        means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations and the 
                Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate; and
                    (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 
                Committee on the Judiciary of the House of 
                Representatives.

SEC. 311. REPORT ON CORRUPT ACTIVITIES OF SENIOR OFFICIALS OF 
              GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.

    (a) Appropriate Committees of Congress Defined.--In this section, 
the term ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, 
        and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the 
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (b) Annual Report Required.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter through 
        2025, the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, in 
        consultation with the Secretary of State, shall submit to the 
        appropriate committees of Congress a report on the corruption 
        and corrupt activities of senior officials of the Government of 
        China.
            (2) Elements.--
                    (A) In general.--Each report under paragraph (1) 
                shall include the following:
                            (i) A description of the wealth of, and 
                        corruption and corrupt activities among, senior 
                        officials of the Government of China.
                            (ii) A description of any recent actions of 
                        the officials described in clause (i) that 
                        could be considered a violation, or potential 
                        violation, of United States law.
                            (iii) A description and assessment of 
                        targeted financial measures, including 
                        potential targets for designation of the 
                        officials described in clause (i) for the 
                        corruption and corrupt activities described in 
                        that clause and for the actions described in 
                        clause (ii).
                    (B) Scope of reports.--The first report under 
                paragraph (1) shall include comprehensive information 
                on the matters described in subparagraph (A). Any 
                succeeding report under paragraph (1) may consist of an 
                update or supplement to the preceding report under that 
                subsection.
            (3) Coordination.--In preparing each report, update, or 
        supplement under this subsection, the Director of the Central 
        Intelligence Agency and the Secretary of State shall coordinate 
        as follows:
                    (A) In preparing the description required by clause 
                (i) of paragraph (2)(A), the Director of the Central 
                Intelligence Agency and the Secretary of State shall 
                coordinate with the head of the Office of Intelligence 
                and Analysis of the Department of Treasury and the 
                Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
                    (B) In preparing the descriptions required by 
                clauses (ii) and (iii) of such paragraph, the Director 
                of the Central Intelligence Agency and the Secretary of 
                State shall coordinate with the head of the Office of 
                Intelligence and Analysis of the Department of the 
                Treasury.
            (4) Form.--Each report under paragraph (1) shall include an 
        unclassified executive summary, and may include a classified 
        annex.
    (c) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States should undertake every effort and pursue every opportunity to 
expose the corruption and illicit practices of senior officials of the 
Government of China, including President Xi Jinping.

SEC. 312. REVIEW TO INCREASE AWARENESS OF INFLUENCE OPERATIONS OF THE 
              GOVERNMENT OF CHINA IN THE UNITED STATES AND 
              STRENGTHENING TRUST OF LAW ENFORCEMENT IN COMMUNITIES.

    (a) Updates to Annual Reports on Influence Operations and Campaigns 
in the United States by the Government of China.--Section 1107(b) of 
the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3237(b)) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph (9); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following:
            ``(8) An identification of influence activities and 
        operations, including the use of social media, employed by the 
        Chinese Communist Party against the United States science and 
        technology sectors, specifically employees of the United States 
        Government, researchers, scientists, and students in the 
        science and technology sector in the United States, including 
        specific examples and data that demonstrates the scope of such 
        activities and operations.''.
    (b) Plan for Federal Bureau of Investigation To Increase Public 
Awareness and Detection of Influence Activities by the Government of 
the People's Republic of China.--
            (1) Plan required.--Not later than 90 days after the date 
        of the enactment of this Act, the Director of the Federal 
        Bureau of Investigation shall submit to the congressional 
        intelligence committees a plan--
                    (A) to increase public awareness of influence 
                activities by the Government of the People's Republic 
                of China; and
                    (B) to publicize mechanisms that members of the 
                public can use--
                            (i) to detect such activities; and
                            (ii) to report such activities to the 
                        Bureau.
            (2) Consultation.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the 
        Director shall consult with the following:
                    (A) The Director of the Office of Science and 
                Technology Policy.
                    (B) Such other stakeholders outside the 
                intelligence community, including professional 
                associations, institutions of higher education, and 
                businesses, as the Director determines relevant.
    (c) Recommendations of the Federal Bureau of Investigation To 
Strengthen Relationships and Build Trust With Communities of 
Interest.--
            (1) In general.--The Director of the Federal Bureau of 
        Investigation shall, in consultation with the Assistant 
        Attorney General for the Civil Rights Division and the Chief 
        Privacy and Civil Liberties Officer of the Department of 
        Justice, develop recommendations to strengthen relationships 
        with communities targeted by influence activities of the 
        Government of the People's Republic of China, to protect due 
        process, civil rights, and civil liberties, and to build trust 
        with such communities through local and regional grassroots 
        outreach, drawing from lessons learned in the aftermath of 
        September 11, 2001, relating to Muslim, Arab, Sikh, and South 
        Asian communities.
            (2) Submittal to congress.--Not later than 1 year after the 
        date of the enactment of this Act, the Director shall submit to 
        Congress the recommendations developed under paragraph (1).
    (d) Technical Corrections.--The National Security Act of 1947 (50 
U.S.C. 3001 et seq.) is amended--
            (1) in section 1107 (50 U.S.C. 3237)--
                    (A) in the section heading, by striking ``communist 
                party of china'' and inserting ``chinese communist 
                party''; and
                    (B) by striking ``Communist Party of China'' both 
                places it appears and inserting ``Chinese Communist 
                Party''; and
            (2) in the table of contents before section 2 (50 U.S.C. 
        3002), by striking the item relating to section 1107 and 
        inserting the following new item:

``Sec. 1107. Annual reports on influence operations and campaigns in 
                            the United States by the Chinese Communist 
                            Party.''.

SEC. 313. CONFRONTING ANTI-ASIAN RACISM IN THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
            (1) in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the United States 
        has seen an alarming rise in the number of incidents of hate 
        crimes, harassment, and discrimination targeted at the Asian 
        American community;
            (2) the United States should actively oppose racism and 
        intolerance in all its forms, including within the Government 
        of the United States, by refraining from using unofficial terms 
        for COVID-19 that exacerbate prejudice and discrimination, such 
        as ``Chinese virus'' and ``Wuhan virus''; and
            (3) the United States is strongest when it lives up to its 
        guiding principles, including the embrace of equality and 
        diversity.
    (b) Requirements for Federal Law Enforcement Agencies.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    (A) Federal law enforcement agency.--The term 
                ``Federal law enforcement agency'' means any agency of 
                the United States authorized to engage in or supervise 
                the prevention, detection, investigation, or 
                prosecution of any violation of Federal criminal law.
                    (B) Racial profiling.--
                            (i) In general.--The term ``racial 
                        profiling'' means the practice of a law 
                        enforcement agent or agency relying, to any 
                        degree, on actual or perceived race, ethnicity, 
                        national origin, religion, gender, gender 
                        identity, or sexual orientation in selecting 
                        which individual to subject to routine or 
                        spontaneous investigatory activities or in 
                        deciding upon the scope and substance of law 
                        enforcement activity following the initial 
                        investigatory procedure, except when there is 
                        trustworthy information, relevant to the 
                        locality and timeframe, that links a person 
                        with a particular characteristic described in 
                        this paragraph to an identified criminal 
                        incident or scheme.
                            (ii) Exception.--For purposes of clause 
                        (i), a Tribal law enforcement officer 
                        exercising law enforcement authority within 
                        Indian country, as that term is defined in 
                        section 1151 of title 18, United States Code, 
                        is not considered to be racial profiling with 
                        respect to making key jurisdictional 
                        determinations that are necessarily tied to 
                        reliance on actual or perceived race, 
                        ethnicity, or tribal affiliation.
            (2) Requirement to establish policies to eliminate and 
        prohibit racial profiling.--The head of each Federal law 
        enforcement agency shall--
                    (A) maintain adequate policies and procedures 
                designed to eliminate racial profiling; and
                    (B) cease any practices in effect on the date of 
                enactment of this Act that authorize racial profiling.
            (3) Requirements.--The policies and procedures described in 
        paragraph (2)(A) shall include--
                    (A) a prohibition on racial profiling;
                    (B) training on racial profiling issues as part of 
                Federal law enforcement training;
                    (C) the collection of data in accordance with the 
                regulations issued by the Attorney General;
                    (D) procedures for receiving, investigating, and 
                responding meaningfully to complaints alleging racial 
                profiling by law enforcement agents; and
                    (E) any other policies and procedures the Attorney 
                General determines to be necessary to eliminate racial 
                profiling by Federal law enforcement agencies.

             TITLE IV--INVESTING IN OUR ECONOMIC STATECRAFT

SEC. 401. APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DEFINED.

    In this title, the term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
means--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the Committee on Finance, 
        the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions, and 
        the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, the Committee on Ways and Means, the 
        Committee on Energy and Commerce, and the Committee on 
        Appropriations of the House of Representatives.

SEC. 402. AUTHORIZATION OF ADDITIONAL APPROPRIATIONS.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the Committee on Foreign 
Investment in the United States Fund established under section 721(p) 
of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565(p)), the United 
States Trade Representative, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary 
of the Treasury, the Federal Trade Commission, and the Commissioner of 
U.S. Customs and Border Protection such sums as may be necessary for 
each such entity to carry out the responsibilities of the entity under 
this title.

                     Subtitle A--Trade Enforcement

SEC. 411. AUTHORITY TO REVIEW INBOUND AND OUTBOUND INVESTMENT.

    (a) In General.--The Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2102 et seq.) is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``TITLE X--AUTHORITY TO REVIEW INBOUND AND OUTBOUND INVESTMENT

``SEC. 1001. DEFINITIONS.

    ``In this title:
            ``(1) Committee.--The term `Committee' means the Committee 
        on Production Integrity in the United States established under 
        section 1002.
            ``(2) Control.--The term `control' means the power, whether 
        direct or indirect and whether or not exercised, to make 
        decisions or cause or direct decisions to be made with respect 
        to important matters affecting an entity, through--
                    ``(A) the ownership of a majority or a dominant 
                minority of the total outstanding voting interest in 
                the entity;
                    ``(B) representation on the board of directors of 
                the entity;
                    ``(C) proxy voting on the board of directors of the 
                entity;
                    ``(D) a special share in the entity;
                    ``(E) a contractual arrangement with the entity;
                    ``(F) a formal or informal arrangement to act in 
                concert with the entity; or
                    ``(G) any other means.
            ``(3) Covered business.--The term `covered business' 
        means--
                    ``(A) a publicly traded United States business 
                conducting business activities in nonmarket economy 
                countries or with state-owned enterprises through 
                direct investments, joint ventures, partnerships, or 
                substantial purchase or service contracts valued at 
                more than $100,000,000 per year in the aggregate; and
                    ``(B) any other United States business that 
                produces or imports into the United States more than 5 
                percent of the total quantity of covered products sold 
                in the United States in a year.
            ``(4) Covered product.--The term `covered product' means a 
        supply identified by the Committee under section 1003(1)(A).
            ``(5) Crisis preparedness.--The term `crisis preparedness' 
        means preparedness for national crises, including public health 
        emergencies or natural disasters.
            ``(6) Nonmarket economy country.--The term `nonmarket 
        economy country' has the meaning given that term in section 
        771(18) of the Tariff Act of 1930 (19 U.S.C. 1677(18)).
            ``(7) Publicly traded.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `publicly traded', with 
                respect to an entity, means that the entity is an 
                issuer of securities that are listed on an exchange 
                registered under section 6 of the Securities Exchange 
                Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78f).
                    ``(B) Issuer; securities.--For purposes of 
                subparagraph (A), the terms `issuer' and `security' 
                have the meanings given those terms in section 3(a) of 
                the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c).
            ``(8) State-owned enterprise.--The term `state-owned 
        enterprise' means--
                    ``(A) an entity that is owned by, controlled by, or 
                under the influence of, a national, provincial, or 
                local government in a foreign country or an agency of 
                such a government; or
                    ``(B) an individual acting under the direction or 
                the influence of a government or agency described in 
                subparagraph (A).
            ``(9) United states business.--The term `United States 
        business' means a person engaged in interstate commerce in the 
        United States.

``SEC. 1002. COMMITTEE ON PRODUCTION INTEGRITY IN THE UNITED STATES.

    ``(a) Establishment.--There is established a committee, to be known 
as the `Committee on Production Integrity in the United States'.
    ``(b) Membership.--The Committee shall be composed of the 
following:
            ``(1) The United States Trade Representative, who shall 
        serve as the chairperson of the Committee.
            ``(2) The Secretary of Commerce.
            ``(3) The Secretary of Defense.
            ``(4) The Secretary of the Treasury.
            ``(5) The Secretary of Homeland Security.
            ``(6) The Secretary of State.
            ``(7) The Attorney General.
            ``(8) The Secretary of Energy.
            ``(9) The Secretary of Labor.
            ``(10) The Secretary of Health and Human Services.
            ``(11) The Secretary of Agriculture.
            ``(12) The Administrator of the Federal Emergency 
        Management Agency.
            ``(13) The Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
        Agency.
            ``(14) The heads of such other agencies as the United 
        States Trade Representative considers appropriate.
    ``(c) Duties.--The Committee shall--
            ``(1) conduct a review and issue a regular report on 
        domestic manufacturing and supply chain resilience in 
        accordance with section 1003;
            ``(2) review annual reports submitted by covered businesses 
        under section 1004;
            ``(3) review outbound investments related to nonmarket 
        economy countries or involving state-owned enterprises under 
        section 1005; and
            ``(4) review inbound investments for economic effect and 
        certain supply chain concerns under section 1006.

``SEC. 1003. REPORT ON DOMESTIC MANUFACTURING AND SUPPLY CHAIN 
              RESILIENCE FOR CRITICAL SUPPLIES.

    ``Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this 
title, and not less frequently than every 3 years thereafter, the 
Committee shall submit to Congress a report--
            ``(1) identifying--
                    ``(A) supplies critical to the crisis preparedness 
                of the United States, such as medical supplies, 
                personal protective equipment, disaster response 
                necessities, electrical generation technology, 
                materials essential to infrastructure repair and 
                renovation, and other supplies identified by the 
                Committee; and
                    ``(B) industries that produce such supplies;
            ``(2) describing--
                    ``(A) the current domestic manufacturing base and 
                supply chains for those supplies, including raw 
                materials and other goods essential to the production 
                of those supplies; and
                    ``(B) the ability of the United States to maintain 
                readiness and to surge production of those supplies in 
                response to an emergency;
            ``(3) identifying defense, intelligence, homeland, 
        economic, natural, geopolitical, or other contingencies that 
        may disrupt, strain, compromise, or eliminate the supply chain 
        for those supplies;
            ``(4) assessing the resiliency and capacity of the domestic 
        manufacturing base and supply chains to support the need for 
        those supplies, including any single points of failure in those 
        supply chains;
            ``(5) assessing flexible manufacturing capacity available 
        in the United States in cases of emergency; and
            ``(6) making specific recommendations to improve the 
        security and resiliency of domestic manufacturing capacity and 
        supply chains, including the development of sector-based plans 
        for reshoring manufacturing and for supply chain optimization 
        designed to help manufacturers build domestic supply chains in 
        critical supplies by--
                    ``(A) developing long-term strategies;
                    ``(B) increasing visibility throughout multiple 
                supplier tiers;
                    ``(C) identifying and mitigating risks;
                    ``(D) identifying enterprise resource planning 
                systems that are compatible across supply chain tiers 
                and are affordable for small- and medium-sized 
                enterprises;
                    ``(E) understanding the total cost of ownership, 
                total value contribution, and other best practices that 
                encourage strategic partnerships throughout the supply 
                chain;
                    ``(F) understanding Federal procurement 
                opportunities to fulfill requirements for buying 
                domestically sourced goods and services and fill gaps 
                in domestic purchasing;
                    ``(G) understanding how advanced digital 
                technology, including artificial intelligence, 
                robotics, 3D printing, and cloud computing, can improve 
                the security and resiliency of domestic manufacturing 
                capacity and supply chains; and
                    ``(H) identifying such other services as the 
                Committee considers necessary.

``SEC. 1004. RESPONSIBLE INVESTMENT REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

    ``(a) Requirement for Reports.--
            ``(1) In general.--A covered business shall, not less 
        frequently than annually, submit to the Committee a report 
        that--
                    ``(A) identifies--
                            ``(i) patented technology and processes and 
                        any other proprietary information of the 
                        business that was sold or disclosed, during the 
                        year preceding submission of the report, to 
                        another entity in the course of business 
                        activities in a nonmarket economy country or 
                        with a state-owned enterprise;
                            ``(ii) any instances of the forced transfer 
                        of technology or related processes or 
                        information or intellectual property theft or 
                        suspected intellectual property theft, during 
                        the year preceding submission of the report, in 
                        the course of business activities in a 
                        nonmarket economy country or related to a 
                        state-owned enterprise; and
                            ``(iii) corporate policies of and measures 
                        taken by the business to avoid inadvertent 
                        disclosure or theft of intellectual property or 
                        the forced transfer of technology or related 
                        processes or information;
                    ``(B) identifies--
                            ``(i) censorship required, directly or 
                        indirectly, by the government of a nonmarket 
                        economy country in which the business conducts 
                        business activities or by a government that 
                        owns, controls, or influences a state-owned 
                        enterprise with which the business conducts 
                        such activities, for the business to conduct 
                        business activities in that country or with 
                        that enterprise; and
                            ``(ii) corporate policies on providing 
                        information about censorship activity or the 
                        activity of its customers or users to a 
                        government described in clause (i); and
                    ``(C) includes a summary of human rights, worker 
                rights, forced labor supply chain, anticorruption, and 
                environmental policies of the business related to the 
                business operations and supply chains of the business 
                in nonmarket economy countries or with state-owned 
                enterprises.
            ``(2) Treatment of business confidential information.--A 
        covered business shall submit each report required by paragraph 
        (1) to the Committee--
                    ``(A) in a form that includes business confidential 
                information; and
                    ``(B) in a form that omits business confidential 
                information and is appropriate for disclosure to the 
                public.
    ``(b) Review by Committee.--The Committee shall review the reports 
submitted by covered businesses under subsection (a).

``SEC. 1005. REVIEW OF OUTBOUND INVESTMENT.

    ``(a) Mandatory Notification.--A covered business that engages in a 
transaction described in subsection (b) shall submit a written 
notification of the transaction to the Committee.
    ``(b) Transactions Described.--A transaction described in this 
subsection is a transaction proposed or pending on or after the date of 
the enactment of this title that--
            ``(1)(A) is a merger with, acquisition or takeover of, 
        joint venture with, or investment in, an entity in a nonmarket 
        economy country; or
            ``(B) results in the establishment of a new entity in such 
        a country; and
            ``(2)(A) in the case of a transaction involving a state-
        owned enterprise, is valued at $50,000,000 or more; or
            ``(B) in the case of any other transaction, is valued at 
        $1,000,000,000 or more.
    ``(c) Review.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 60 days after receiving 
        written notification under subsection (a) of a transaction 
        described in subsection (b), the Committee shall--
                    ``(A) review the transaction to determine if the 
                transaction is likely to result in the relocation or 
                concentration of production of covered products or 
                inputs for covered products in a manner that poses a 
                risk with respect to the national security and crisis 
                preparedness of the United States or the supply of 
                covered products for the United States, considering 
                factors specified in subsection (d); and
                    ``(B) if the Committee determines under 
                subparagraph (A) that the transaction poses a risk 
                described in that subparagraph, recommend to the 
                President that appropriate action be taken to address 
                or mitigate that risk, such as--
                            ``(i) procurement by the Federal Government 
                        of covered products produced in the United 
                        States;
                            ``(ii) use of authorities under the Defense 
                        Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.) 
                        to increase the production of covered products 
                        in the United States;
                            ``(iii) the use or establishment of Federal 
                        programs to provide subsidies or investments 
                        for the production of covered products in the 
                        United States;
                            ``(iv) the conduct of an investigation 
                        under section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 
                        1962 (19 U.S.C. 1862) with respect to covered 
                        products; or
                            ``(v) such other actions as the Committee 
                        considers appropriate.
            ``(2) Unilateral initiation of review.--The Committee may 
        initiate a review under paragraph (1) of a transaction 
        described in subsection (b) for which written notification is 
        not submitted under subsection (a).
            ``(3) Initiation of review by request from congress.--The 
        Committee shall initiate a review under paragraph (1) of a 
        transaction described in subsection (b) (determined without 
        regard to the value of the transaction under subparagraph (A) 
        or (B) of subsection (b)(2)) if the chairperson and the ranking 
        member of the Committee on Finance of the Senate or the 
        Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives 
        request the Committee to review the transaction.
    ``(d) Factors To Be Considered.--In reviewing and making a 
determination with respect to a transaction under subsection (c)(1), 
the Committee shall consider any factors relating to the economy, 
national security, or crisis preparedness of the United States that the 
Committee considers relevant, including--
            ``(1) the long-term strategic economic, national security, 
        and crisis preparedness interests of the United States;
            ``(2) the history of distortive trade practices in each 
        country in which a foreign party to the transaction is 
        domiciled;
            ``(3) control and beneficial ownership (as determined in 
        accordance with section 847 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92)) of 
        each foreign person that is a party to the transaction;
            ``(4) impact on the domestic industry and resulting 
        resiliency, taking into consideration any pattern of foreign 
        investment in the domestic industry; and
            ``(5) any other factors the Committee considers 
        appropriate.
    ``(e) Report to Congress.--The Committee shall, not less frequently 
than annually, submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the 
Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives a report--
            ``(1) describing, for the year preceding submission of the 
        report--
                    ``(A) the notifications received under subsection 
                (a) and reviews conducted pursuant to such 
                notifications;
                    ``(B) reviews initiated under paragraph (2) or (3) 
                of subsection (c);
                    ``(C) actions recommended by the Committee under 
                subsection (c)(1)(B) as a result of such reviews; and
                    ``(D) reviews during which the Committee determined 
                no action was required; and
            ``(2) assessing the overall impact of such reviews on the 
        economy, national security, and crisis preparedness of the 
        United States.

``SEC. 1006. REVIEW OF INBOUND INVESTMENT.

    ``(a) Mandatory Notification by Parties.--Each party to a 
transaction described in subsection (b) shall submit a written 
notification of the transaction to the Committee.
    ``(b) Transactions Described.--A transaction described in this 
subsection is any transaction, by or with any person, proposed or 
pending after the date of the enactment of this title that--
            ``(1)(A) is a merger with, acquisition or takeover of, or 
        investment in, an entity; or
            ``(B) results in the establishment of a new entity; and
            ``(2) could result in foreign control of any covered 
        business; and
            ``(3)(A) in the case of a transaction involving a state-
        owned enterprise, is valued at $50,000,000 or more; or
            ``(B) in the case of any other transaction, is valued at 
        $1,000,000,000 or more.
    ``(c) Review.--
            ``(1) In general.--Upon receiving written notification 
        under subsection (a) of a transaction described in subsection 
        (b), the Committee shall--
                    ``(A) review the transaction to determine--
                            ``(i) the economic effect of the 
                        transaction on the United States, based on the 
                        factors described in subsection (e); and
                            ``(ii) whether the transaction creates a 
                        risk with respect to the crisis preparedness of 
                        the United States or the supply of covered 
                        products for the United States; and
                    ``(B) based on the results of the review, take 
                appropriate action under subsection (d) with respect to 
                the transaction.
            ``(2) Unilateral initiation of review.--The Committee may 
        initiate a review under paragraph (1) of a transaction 
        described in subsection (b) for which written notification is 
        not submitted under subsection (a).
            ``(3) Initiation of review by request from congress.--The 
        Committee shall initiate a review under paragraph (1) of a 
        transaction described in subsection (b) (determined without 
        regard to the value of the transaction under subparagraph (A) 
        or (B) of subsection (b)(3)) if the chairperson and the ranking 
        member of the Committee on Finance of the Senate or the 
        Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives 
        request the Committee to review the transaction.
    ``(d) Action.--
            ``(1) Action after initial review.--Not later than 15 days 
        after receiving a written notification of a transaction under 
        subsection (a) or initiating a review of a transaction under 
        paragraph (2) or (3) of subsection (b), as the case may be, the 
        Committee shall--
                    ``(A) approve the transaction; or
                    ``(B) inform the parties to the transaction that 
                the Committee requires additional time to conduct a 
                more thorough review of the transaction.
            ``(2) Action after extended review.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Subject to subparagraph (B), if 
                the Committee informs the parties to a transaction 
                under paragraph (1)(B) that the Committee requires 
                additional time to conduct a more thorough review, the 
                Committee shall, not later than 45 days after receiving 
                the written notification of the transaction under 
                subsection (a) or initiating a review of the 
                transaction under paragraph (2) or (3) of subsection 
                (c), as the case may be--
                            ``(i) complete that review; and
                            ``(ii) approve the transaction, prohibit 
                        the transaction, or require the parties to the 
                        transaction to modify the transaction and 
                        resubmit the modified transaction to the 
                        Committee for review under this section.
                    ``(B) Extension of deadline.--The Committee may 
                extend the deadline under subparagraph (A) with respect 
                to the review of a transaction by not more than 15 
                days.
            ``(3) Cases of inaccurate or inadequate information.--The 
        Committee may prohibit a transaction under this subsection if 
        the Committee determines that any party to the transaction 
        provides to the Committee inaccurate or inadequate information 
        in response to inquiries of the Committee as part of a review 
        of the transaction under subsection (c).
            ``(4) Public availability of decision.--Each decision under 
        this subsection to approve, prohibit, or allow for modification 
        of a transaction, and a justification for each such decision, 
        shall be made available to the public.
    ``(e) Factors To Be Considered.--In taking action with respect to a 
transaction under subsection (d), the Committee shall consider any 
economic and crisis preparedness factors the Committee considers 
relevant, including--
            ``(1) the long-term strategic economic and crisis 
        preparedness interests of the United States;
            ``(2) the history of distortive trade practices in each 
        country in which a foreign party to the transaction is 
        domiciled;
            ``(3) control and beneficial ownership (as determined in 
        accordance with section 847 of the National Defense 
        Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020 (Public Law 116-92)) of 
        each foreign person that is a party to the transaction;
            ``(4) impact on the domestic industry, taking into 
        consideration any pattern of foreign investment in the domestic 
        industry; and
            ``(5) any other factors the Committee considers 
        appropriate.
    ``(f) Public Comments.--The Committee shall--
            ``(1) make available to the public each written 
        notification submitted under subsection (a) with respect to a 
        transaction described in subsection (b) and notify the public 
        if the Committee initiates a review under paragraph (2) or (3) 
        of subsection (c) with respect to a transaction; and
            ``(2) in the case of a transaction that the Committee 
        determines under subsection (d)(1)(B) requires additional time 
        for review, provide a period for public comment on the 
        transaction of not more than 10 days.
    ``(g) Coordination With Committee on Foreign Investment in the 
United States.--
            ``(1) In general.--In the case of a transaction undergoing 
        review under this section and section 721 of the Defense 
        Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565), the Committee shall 
        coordinate with the Secretary of the Treasury with respect to 
        those reviews.
            ``(2) Review of national security concerns.--Review of any 
        threat posed by a transaction to the national security of the 
        United States shall be conducted by the Committee on Foreign 
        Investment in the United States under section 721 of the 
        Defense Production Act of 1950 and not under this section.
    ``(h) Report to Congress.--The Committee shall, not less frequently 
than annually, submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the 
Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives a report--
            ``(1) describing, for the year preceding submission of the 
        report--
                    ``(A) the notifications received under subsection 
                (a) with respect to transactions described in 
                subsection (b) and reviews conducted pursuant to such 
                notifications;
                    ``(B) reviews initiated under paragraph (2) or (3) 
                of subsection (c) with respect to such transactions; 
                and
                    ``(C) whether the Committee approved, prohibited, 
                or allowed for modification of each such transaction; 
                and
            ``(2) assessing the overall impact of such reviews on the 
        economy and crisis preparedness of the United States.''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Trade Act of 
1974 is amended by adding at the end the following:

     ``TITLE X--AUTHORITY TO REVIEW INBOUND AND OUTBOUND INVESTMENT

``Sec. 1001. Definitions.
``Sec. 1002. Committee on Production Integrity in the United States.
``Sec. 1003. Report on domestic manufacturing and supply chain 
                            resilience for critical supplies.
``Sec. 1004. Responsible investment reporting requirement.
``Sec. 1005. Review of outbound investment.
``Sec. 1006. Review of inbound investment.''.

SEC. 412. ESTABLISHMENT OF SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS UNIT IN OFFICE OF THE 
              UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the United 
States Trade Representative must proactively and independently 
investigate practices of countries that are trading partners of the 
United States in order to identify and address violations of trade 
agreements and other practices that have systemic, diffuse impacts on 
the economy and workers of the United States.
    (b) Establishment of Special Investigations Unit.--Section 141 of 
the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2171) is amended by adding at the end 
the following:
    ``(i) Special Investigations Unit.--
            ``(1) In general.--There is established in the Office of 
        the United States Trade Representative a Special Investigations 
        Unit, which shall report to the general counsel of the Office.
            ``(2) Investigations.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Special Investigations Unit 
                shall be responsible for investigating--
                            ``(i) potential violations of trade 
                        agreements to which the United States is a 
                        party; and
                            ``(ii) other acts, policies, or practices 
                        of a foreign government that are unjustifiable, 
                        unreasonable, or discriminatory and burden or 
                        restrict United States commerce as described in 
                        section 301.
                    ``(B) Prioritization.--The Special Investigations 
                Unit shall prioritize investigations under subparagraph 
                (A) involving--
                            ``(i) countries that are major trading 
                        partners of the United States; or
                            ``(ii) violations described in clause (i) 
                        of subparagraph (A) or acts, policies, or 
                        practices described in clause (ii) of that 
                        subparagraph that have a systemic or diffuse 
                        impact on the economy of the United States 
                        across industries.
            ``(3) Authorities.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Special Investigations Unit 
                shall have the power--
                            ``(i) subject to subparagraph (B), to 
                        require by subpoena the production of all 
                        information, documents, reports, answers, 
                        records, accounts, papers, and other data in 
                        any medium (including electronically stored 
                        information), as well as any tangible thing and 
                        documentary evidence necessary in the 
                        performance of the functions assigned by this 
                        subsection, which subpoena, in the case of 
                        contumacy or refusal to obey, shall be 
                        enforceable by order of any appropriate United 
                        States district court; and
                            ``(ii) to request such information or 
                        assistance as may be necessary for carrying out 
                        the duties and responsibilities provided by 
                        this subsection from any Federal, State, or 
                        local governmental agency or unit thereof.
                    ``(B) Information from federal agencies.--The 
                Special Investigations Unit shall use procedures other 
                than subpoenas to obtain documents and information from 
                Federal agencies.''.

SEC. 413. ESTABLISHMENT OF INSPECTOR GENERAL OF THE OFFICE OF THE 
              UNITED STATES TRADE REPRESENTATIVE.

    (a) Definitions.--Section 12 of the Inspector General Act of 1978 
(5 U.S.C. App.) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or the Director of the 
        National Reconnaissance Office'' and inserting ``the Director 
        of the National Reconnaissance Office; or the United States 
        Trade Representative''; and
            (2) in paragraph (2), by striking ``or the National 
        Reconnaissance Office'' and inserting ``the National 
        Reconnaissance Office, or the Office of the United States Trade 
        Representative,''.
    (b) Appointment of Inspector General.--Not later than 120 days 
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall 
appoint an individual to serve as the Inspector General of the Office 
for the United States Trade Representative in accordance with section 
3(a) of the Inspector General Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.).

SEC. 414. AUDIT OF PROCESS FOR SEEKING EXCLUSIONS FROM CERTAIN DUTIES.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this Act, the Inspector General of the Office of the 
United States Trade Representative shall commence conducting an audit 
of the process established by the United States Trade Representative 
for excluding articles from duties imposed under section 301 of the 
Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411) with respect to articles imported 
from the People's Republic of China.
    (b) Elements.--In conducting the audit required by subsection (a), 
the Inspector General shall assess whether--
            (1) all information used to make determinations with 
        respect to requests for or objections to exclusions described 
        in that subsection was included in the official record; and
            (2) officials of the Office of the United States Trade 
        Representative--
                    (A) uniformly applied the criteria used to review 
                such requests or objections to all persons that 
                submitted such requests or objections, as the case may 
                be;
                    (B) changed the criteria used to review such 
                requests or objections while such requests or 
                objections, as the case may be, were pending;
                    (C) met with any interested parties to discuss such 
                requests or objections while such requests or 
                objections, as the case may be, were pending;
                    (D) at any time permitted the resubmission of a 
                previously submitted request or objection after the 
                submission deadline; and
                    (E) uniformly allowed persons that submitted such 
                requests or objections to submit additional information 
                at any time while such requests or objections, as the 
                case may be, were under review.

SEC. 415. IDENTIFICATION OF AND ACCOUNTABILITY WITH RESPECT TO 
              GOVERNMENT-COERCED CENSORSHIP.

    (a) In General.--Chapter 8 of title I of the Trade Act of 1974 is 
amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 183. IDENTIFICATION OF COUNTRIES THAT DISRUPT DIGITAL TRADE.

    ``(a) In General.--By not later than the date that is 30 days after 
the date on which the annual report is submitted to congressional 
committees under section 181(b), the United States Trade Representative 
(in this section referred to as the `Trade Representative') shall 
identify, in accordance with subsection (b), foreign countries that are 
trading partners of the United States that engage in acts, policies, or 
practices that disrupt digital trade activities, including--
            ``(1) coerced censorship in their own markets or 
        extraterritorially; and
            ``(2) other eCommerce and digital practices with the goal, 
        or substantial effect, of promoting censorship or extrajudicial 
        data access that disadvantage United States persons.
    ``(b) Requirements for Identifications.--In identifying countries 
under subsection (a), the Trade Representative shall identify only 
foreign countries that--
            ``(1) disrupt digital trade in a discriminatory or trade 
        distorting manner with the goal, or substantial effect, of 
        promoting censorship or extrajudicial data access;
            ``(2) deny fair and equitable market access to United 
        States digital service providers with the goal, or substantial 
        effect, of promoting censorship or extrajudicial data access; 
        or
            ``(3) engage in coerced censorship or extra-judicial data 
        access so as to harm the integrity of services or products 
        provided by United States persons in the market of that 
        country, the United States market, or other markets.
    ``(c) Designation of Priority Foreign Countries.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Trade Representative shall designate 
        as priority foreign countries the foreign countries identified 
        under subsection (a) that--
                    ``(A) engage in the most onerous or egregious acts, 
                policies, or practices, that have the greatest impact 
                on the United States; and
                    ``(B) are not negotiating or otherwise making 
                progress to end those acts, policies, or practices.
            ``(2) Revocations and additional identifications.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Trade Representative may at 
                any time, if information available to the Trade 
                Representative indicates that such action is 
                appropriate--
                            ``(i) revoke the identification of any 
                        foreign country as a priority foreign country 
                        under paragraph (1); or
                            ``(ii) identify any foreign country as a 
                        priority foreign country under that paragraph.
                    ``(B) Report on reasons for revocation.--The Trade 
                Representative shall include in the semiannual report 
                submitted to Congress under section 309(3) a detailed 
                explanation of the reasons for the revocation under 
                subparagraph (A) of the identification of any foreign 
                country as a priority foreign country under paragraph 
                (1).
    ``(d) Referral to Attorney General or Investigation.--If the Trade 
Representative identifies an instance in which a foreign country 
designated as a priority foreign country under subsection (c) has 
pressured online service providers to inhibit free speech in the United 
States, the Trade Representative shall--
            ``(1) refer the instance to the Attorney General; or
            ``(2) initiate an investigation under section 302 and, if 
        appropriate, consider a remedy of barring such providers and 
        similar entities of that foreign country from operating in the 
        United States until the issue is resolved.
    ``(e) Publication.--The Trade Representative shall publish in the 
Federal Register a list of foreign countries identified under 
subsection (a) and foreign countries designated as priority foreign 
countries under subsection (c) and shall make such revisions to the 
list as may be required by reason of action under subsection (c)(2).
    ``(f) Annual Report.--Not later than 30 days after the date on 
which the Trade Representative submits the National Trade Estimate 
under section 181(b), the Trade Representative shall submit to the 
Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives and the 
Committee on Finance of the Senate a report on actions taken under this 
section during the 12 months preceding such report, and the reasons for 
such actions, including--
            ``(1) a list of any foreign countries identified under 
        subsection (a); and
            ``(2) a description of progress made in decreasing 
        disruptions to digital trade.''.
    (b) Investigations Under Title III of the Trade Act of 1974.--
Section 302(b)(2) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2412(b)(2)) is 
amended--
            (1) in subparagraph (A), in the matter preceding clause 
        (i), by inserting ``or designated as a priority foreign country 
        under section 183(c)'' after ``section 182(a)(2)''; and
            (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking ``by reason of 
        subparagraph (A)'' and inserting ``with respect to a country 
        identified under section 182(a)(2)''.
    (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Trade Act of 
1974 is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 182 the 
following:

``Sec. 183. Identification of countries that disrupt digital trade.''.

SEC. 416. REPORTS ON AGREEMENTS TO RESOLVE DISPUTES UNDER SECTION 301 
              OF THE TRADE ACT OF 1974.

    Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2411) is amended by 
adding at the end the following:
    ``(e) Reports on Agreements To Resolve Disputes Under This 
Section.--
            ``(1) Reports on agreements with the people's republic of 
        china.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment 
        of this subsection, and every 90 days thereafter, the United 
        States International Trade Commission shall submit to the 
        Committee on Finance of the Senate, the Committee on Ways and 
        Means of the House of Representatives, and the President a 
        report on the compliance of the People's Republic of China with 
        each provision of--
                    ``(A) the Economic and Trade Agreement Between the 
                Government of the United States of America and the 
                Government of China, dated January 15, 2020 (commonly 
                referred to as the `Phase I Trade Deal'); and
                    ``(B) any other agreement entered into with the 
                People's Republic of China to resolve a dispute 
                relating to a matter under investigation under this 
                title.
            ``(2) Reports on other agreements.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Not later than 180 days after 
                the United States enters into any agreement with a 
                foreign country to settle or resolve a trade dispute 
                relating to a matter under investigation under this 
                title, the United States International Trade Commission 
                shall submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate, 
                the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
                Representatives, and the President a report assessing--
                            ``(i) whether the parties to the agreement 
                        are complying with the agreement; and
                            ``(ii) whether the agreement is effective 
                        at resolving the dispute.
                    ``(B) Additional reports.--If the Commission 
                determines under subparagraph (A)(ii) that an agreement 
                is not effective at resolving a dispute described in 
                subparagraph (A), the Commission shall review the 
                matter and submit to the Committee on Finance of the 
                Senate, the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
                Representatives, and the President a report on the 
                matter every 180 days after that determination until 
                the matter is resolved.''.

SEC. 417. TECHNICAL AND LEGAL SUPPORT FOR ADDRESSING INTELLECTUAL 
              PROPERTY RIGHTS INFRINGEMENT CASES.

    (a) In General.--The head of any Federal agency may provide 
support, as requested and appropriate, to United States persons seeking 
technical, legal, or other support in addressing intellectual property 
rights infringement cases regarding the People's Republic of China.
    (b) United States Person Defined.--In this section, the term 
``United States person'' means--
            (1) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully admitted 
        for permanent residence to the United States; or
            (2) an entity organized under the laws of the United States 
        or of any jurisdiction within the United States, including a 
        foreign branch of such an entity.

SEC. 418. IMPROVEMENT OF ANTI-COUNTERFEITING MEASURES.

    (a) Report on Seizures of Counterfeit Goods.--Not later than one 
year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually 
thereafter, the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection 
shall submit to the Committee on Finance of the Senate and the 
Committee on Ways and Means of the House of Representatives a report on 
seizures by U.S. Customs and Border Protection of counterfeit goods 
during the year preceding submission of the report, including the 
number of such seizures disaggregated by category of good, source 
country, and mode of transport.
    (b) Increased Inspections of Goods From Certain Countries.--The 
Commissioner shall increase inspections of imports of goods from each 
source country identified in the report required by subsection (a) as 
one of the top source countries of counterfeit goods, as determined by 
the Commissioner.
    (c) Publication of Criteria for Notorious Markets List.--Not later 
than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, and not less 
frequently than every 5 years thereafter, the United States Trade 
Representative shall publish in the Federal Register criteria for 
determining that a market is a notorious market for purposes of 
inclusion of that market in the Notorious Markets List developed by the 
Trade Representative pursuant to section 182 of the Trade Act of 1974 
(19 U.S.C. 2242).

                     Subtitle B--Financial Services

SEC. 431. FINDINGS ON TRANSPARENCY AND DISCLOSURE; SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) More than 2,000,000 corporations and limited liability 
        companies are formed under the laws of the States each year and 
        some of those entities are formed by persons outside of the 
        United States, including by persons in the People's Republic of 
        China.
            (2) Most or all States do not require information about the 
        beneficial owners of the corporations, limited liability 
        companies, or other similar entities formed under the laws of 
        the State.
            (3) Malign actors seek to conceal their ownership of 
        corporations, limited liability companies, or other similar 
        entities in the United States to facilitate illicit activity, 
        including money laundering, the financing of terrorism, 
        proliferation financing, serious tax fraud, human and drug 
        trafficking, counterfeiting, piracy, securities fraud, 
        financial fraud, economic espionage, theft of intellectual 
        property, and acts of foreign corruption, which harm the 
        national security interests of the United States and allies of 
        the United States.
            (4) National security, intelligence, and law enforcement 
        investigations have consistently been impeded by an inability 
        to reliably and promptly obtain information identifying the 
        persons that ultimately own corporations, limited liability 
        companies, or other similar entities suspected of engaging in 
        illicit activity, as documented in reports and testimony by 
        officials from the Department of Justice, the Department of 
        Homeland Security, the Department of the Treasury, the 
        Government Accountability Office, and other agencies.
            (5) In the National Strategy for Combating Terrorist and 
        Other Illicit Financing, issued in 2020, the Department of the 
        Treasury found the following: ``Misuse of legal entities to 
        hide a criminal beneficial owner or illegal source of funds 
        continues to be a common, if not the dominant, feature of 
        illicit finance schemes, especially those involving money 
        laundering, predicate offences, tax evasion, and proliferation 
        financing.''.
            (6) Federal legislation providing for the collection of 
        beneficial ownership information by the Financial Crimes 
        Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury (referred 
        to in this section as ``FinCEN'') with respect to corporations, 
        limited liability companies, or other similar entities formed 
        under the laws of the States is needed to--
                    (A) set a clear, Federal standard for incorporation 
                practices;
                    (B) protect vital United States national security 
                interests;
                    (C) protect interstate and foreign commerce;
                    (D) better enable critical national security, 
                intelligence, and law enforcement efforts to identify 
                and counter money laundering, the financing of 
                terrorism, and other illicit activity; and
                    (E) bring the United States into compliance with 
                international standards with respect to anti-money 
                laundering and countering the financing of terrorism.
            (7) Providing beneficial ownership information to FinCEN is 
        especially important in cases in which--
                    (A) foreign firms, including those in the People's 
                Republic of China or subject to the jurisdiction of the 
                People's Republic of China, seek to acquire United 
                States firms and the valuable intellectual property of 
                those firms; and
                    (B) the acquisitions described in subparagraph (A) 
                pose a threat to the economic or national security of 
                the United States.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, before 
the end of the 116th Congress, Congress should enact comprehensive 
beneficial ownership legislation that includes strong transparency and 
disclosure requirements ensuring that complete beneficial ownership 
information is provided by all domestic and foreign corporations, 
limited liability companies, and similar entities formed in the United 
States.

SEC. 432. DISCLOSURE OF PRIVATE BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS WITH FOREIGN 
              PERSONS.

    Section 721 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565) 
is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(r) Disclosure of Private Business Transactions With Foreign 
Persons.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not less frequently than every 90 days, 
        each covered officer shall disclose to the public any covered 
        private business transaction during the preceding 90 days 
        between--
                    ``(A)(i) the covered officer;
                    ``(ii) the spouse of the covered officer;
                    ``(iii) a child of the covered officer; or
                    ``(iv) a covered private business with respect to 
                the covered officer; and
                    ``(B) a foreign person.
            ``(2) Matters to be included.--For any covered private 
        business transaction disclosed under paragraph (1), the covered 
        officer shall include in the disclosure the following:
                    ``(A) The name of the foreign person with which the 
                transaction was conducted.
                    ``(B) The amount of any funds received from or owed 
                to the foreign person.
                    ``(C) The date of the transaction.
                    ``(D) A detailed summary of the purpose of the 
                transaction.
                    ``(E) The name of any United States entity through 
                which the transaction was processed or funds relating 
                to the transaction were transferred.
            ``(3) Publication.--Any disclosure made under paragraph (1) 
        shall be made available on the publicly available internet 
        website of the Department of the Treasury.
            ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection:
                    ``(A) Covered officer.--The term `covered officer' 
                means the President, the Vice President, and each 
                member of the Committee.
                    ``(B) Covered private business.--The term `covered 
                private business'--
                            ``(i) means--
                                    ``(I) a sole proprietorship or 
                                business entity in which a covered 
                                officer, the spouse of the covered 
                                officer, or a child of the covered 
                                officer holds an ownership interest; 
                                and
                                    ``(II) an entity in which--
                                            ``(aa) a covered officer 
                                        holds a position required to be 
                                        reported under section 
                                        102(a)(6) of the Ethics in 
                                        Government Act of 1978 (5 
                                        U.S.C. App.); or
                                            ``(bb) the spouse or a 
                                        child of the covered officer 
                                        holds a position that would be 
                                        required to be reported under 
                                        section 102(a)(6) of the Ethics 
                                        in Government Act of 1978 (5 
                                        U.S.C. App.) if it were a 
                                        position held by the covered 
                                        officer;
                            ``(ii) includes any private entity for 
                        which--
                                    ``(I) the covered officer is 
                                required to report an ownership 
                                interest of the covered officer under 
                                section 102(a)(3) of the Ethics in 
                                Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.); 
                                or
                                    ``(II) the spouse or a child of the 
                                covered officer would be required to 
                                report an ownership interest under 
                                section 102(a)(3) of the Ethics in 
                                Government Act of 1978 (5 U.S.C. App.) 
                                if it were an ownership interest held 
                                by the covered officer; and
                            ``(iii) does not include--
                                    ``(I) a publicly traded entity; or
                                    ``(II) an entity described in 
                                clause (i)(I) or (ii) if the ownership 
                                interest is held in a qualified blind 
                                trust, as defined in section 101(f)(3) 
                                of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 
                                (5 U.S.C. App.).
                    ``(C) Covered private business transaction.--The 
                term `covered private business transaction' means--
                            ``(i) the exchange of anything with a value 
                        of more than $200; and
                            ``(ii) incurring a liability that would be 
                        required to be reported under section 102(a)(4) 
                        of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978 (5 
                        U.S.C. App.) if it were a liability of the 
                        covered officer.''.

SEC. 433. CYBER THEFT DISCLOSURE.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``Commission'' means the Securities and 
        Exchange Commission;
            (2) the terms ``computer network intrusion'' and 
        ``intellectual property'' have the meanings given those terms 
        by the Commission in carrying out subsection (b);
            (3) the term ``Form 8-K'' means the form described in 
        section 249.308 of title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
        any successor regulation;
            (4) the terms ``issuer'' and ``securities'' have the 
        meanings given those terms in section 3(a) of the Securities 
        Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c(a)); and
            (5) the term ``reporting company'' means an issuer--
                    (A) the securities of which are registered under 
                section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 
                U.S.C. 78l); or
                    (B) that is required to file reports under section 
                15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 
                78o(d)).
    (b) Rules.--Not later than 360 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Commission shall issue final rules to require a reporting 
company to issue a timely public disclosure, using Form 8-K, not later 
than 30 days after the date on which the reporting company first 
suspects that the intellectual property of the reporting company has 
been stolen through a computer network intrusion.

SEC. 434. CYBERSECURITY EXPERTISE DISCLOSURE.

    The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.) is 
amended by inserting after section 14B (15 U.S.C. 78n-2) the following:

``SEC. 14C. CYBERSECURITY TRANSPARENCY.

    ``(a) Definitions.--In this section--
            ``(1) the term `cybersecurity' means any action, step, or 
        measure to detect, prevent, deter, mitigate, or address any 
        cybersecurity threat or any potential cybersecurity threat;
            ``(2) the term `cybersecurity threat'--
                    ``(A) means an action, not protected by the First 
                Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, on 
                or through an information system that may result in an 
                unauthorized effort to adversely impact the security, 
                availability, confidentiality, or integrity of an 
                information system or information that is stored on, 
                processed by, or transiting an information system; and
                    ``(B) does not include any action that solely 
                involves a violation of a consumer term of service or a 
                consumer licensing agreement;
            ``(3) the term `information system'--
                    ``(A) has the meaning given the term in section 
                3502 of title 44, United States Code; and
                    ``(B) includes industrial control systems, such as 
                supervisory control and data acquisition systems, 
                distributed control systems, and programmable logic 
                controllers;
            ``(4) the term `NIST' means the National Institute of 
        Standards and Technology; and
            ``(5) the term `reporting company' means any company that 
        is an issuer--
                    ``(A) the securities of which are registered under 
                section 12; or
                    ``(B) that is required to file reports under 
                section 15(d).
    ``(b) Requirement To Issue Rules.--Not later than 360 days after 
the date of enactment of this section, the Commission shall issue final 
rules to require each reporting company, in the annual report of the 
reporting company submitted under section 13 or section 15(d) or in the 
annual proxy statement of the reporting company submitted under section 
14(a)--
            ``(1) to disclose whether any member of the governing body, 
        such as the board of directors or general partner, of the 
        reporting company has expertise or experience in cybersecurity 
        and in such detail as necessary to fully describe the nature of 
        the expertise or experience; and
            ``(2) if no member of the governing body of the reporting 
        company has expertise or experience in cybersecurity, to 
        describe what other aspects of the reporting company's 
        cybersecurity were taken into account by any person, such as an 
        official serving on a nominating committee, that is responsible 
        for identifying and evaluating nominees for membership to the 
        governing body.
    ``(c) Cybersecurity Expertise or Experience.--For purposes of 
subsection (b), the Commission, in consultation with NIST, shall define 
what constitutes expertise or experience in cybersecurity using 
commonly defined roles, specialties, knowledge, skills, and abilities, 
such as those provided in NIST Special Publication 800-181, entitled 
`National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education (NICE) Cybersecurity 
Workforce Framework', or any successor thereto.''.

SEC. 435. INDEPENDENCE FROM INFLUENCE OF THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.

    (a) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``Commission'' means the Securities and 
        Exchange Commission; and
            (2) the term ``registrant'' means an entity that is subject 
        to section 229.101 of title 17, Code of Federal Regulations, or 
        any successor regulation.
    (b) Rules.--Not later than 360 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the Commission shall amend section 229.101 of title 17, Code 
of Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation, to require a 
registrant to disclose the following under that section:
            (1) Whether the Government of China has provided any 
        financial support, including a direct subsidy, a grant, a loan 
        (including a below-market loan), a loan guarantee, a tax 
        concession, benefits with respect to government procurement 
        policy, or any other form of governmental support, to the 
        registrant.
            (2) If the Government of China has provided financial 
        support described in paragraph (1), the conditions under which 
        that Government provided that support, including whether that 
        Government has required the registrant to--
                    (A) satisfy certain requirements with respect to 
                export performance;
                    (B) purchase items--
                            (i) from certain producers; or
                            (ii) that were produced using certain 
                        intellectual property; or
                    (C) employ members of the Chinese Communist Party 
                or other employees of that Government.
            (3) Whether there is any committee of the Chinese Communist 
        Party established within the registrant, which shall include 
        the disclosure of--
                    (A) whether the registrant established that 
                committee;
                    (B) the standing of that committee within the 
                registrant;
                    (C) which employees of the registrant comprise that 
                committee; and
                    (D) the roles played by the employees described in 
                subparagraph (C).
            (4) Information regarding each individual who, as of the 
        date on which the disclosure is made, is an officer or director 
        of the registrant (or a United States subsidiary or joint 
        venture of the registrant in the People's Republic of China) 
        and holds, or previously held, a position with the Chinese 
        Communist Party or the Government of China, including the title 
        of that position and the geographic location in which the 
        individual holds, or held, the position.
    (c) Commission Discretion.--In addition to the amendments required 
under subsection (b), the Commission may make any other amendments to 
the rules of the Commission that the Commission determines necessary to 
carry out the purposes of this section.

SEC. 436. ESTABLISHMENT OF INTERAGENCY TASK FORCE TO ADDRESS CHINESE 
              MARKET MANIPULATION IN THE UNITED STATES.

    (a) In General.--The Department of Justice, the Federal Trade 
Commission, and, as appropriate, other Federal agencies shall establish 
a joint interagency task force to investigate allegations of systemic 
market manipulation and other potential violations of antitrust and 
competition laws in the United States by companies established in the 
People's Republic of China, including investigations to illegally 
capture market share, fix prices, and control the supply of goods in 
critical industries of the United States, including--
            (1) the pharmaceutical and medical devices industry;
            (2) the green energy industry; and
            (3) the steel and aluminum industries.
    (b) Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of 
this Act, the President shall provide to the Committee on Foreign 
Relations, the Committee on Finance, and the Committee on Commerce, 
Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign 
Affairs, the Committee on Ways and Means, and the Committee on Energy 
and Commerce of the House of Representatives--
            (1) a briefing on the progress of the interagency task 
        force and its findings as described in subsection (a); and
            (2) recommendations to the committees on potential 
        amendments to antitrust and competition laws in the United 
        States that would strengthen the ability of United States 
        antitrust enforcement agencies to bring actions against 
        anticompetitive business practices by Chinese companies.

SEC. 437. HOLDING FOREIGN COMPANIES ACCOUNTABLE.

    (a) Disclosure Requirement.--Section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act 
of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214) is amended by adding at the end the following:
    ``(i) Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions That Prevent 
Inspections.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `covered issuer' means an issuer 
                that is required to file reports under section 13 or 
                15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 
                78m, 78o(d)); and
                    ``(B) the term `non-inspection year' means, with 
                respect to a covered issuer, a year--
                            ``(i) during which the Commission 
                        identifies the covered issuer under paragraph 
                        (2)(A) with respect to every report described 
                        in subparagraph (A) filed by the covered issuer 
                        during that year; and
                            ``(ii) that begins after the date of 
                        enactment of this subsection.
            ``(2) Disclosure to commission.--The Commission shall--
                    ``(A) identify each covered issuer that, with 
                respect to the preparation of the audit report on the 
                financial statement of the covered issuer that is 
                included in a report described in paragraph (1)(A) 
                filed by the covered issuer, retains a registered 
                public accounting firm that has a branch or office 
                that--
                            ``(i) is located in a foreign jurisdiction; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) the Board is unable to inspect or 
                        investigate completely because of a position 
                        taken by an authority in the foreign 
                        jurisdiction described in clause (i), as 
                        determined by the Board; and
                    ``(B) require each covered issuer identified under 
                subparagraph (A) to, in accordance with the rules 
                issued by the Commission under paragraph (4), submit to 
                the Commission documentation that establishes that the 
                covered issuer is not owned or controlled by a 
                governmental entity in the foreign jurisdiction 
                described in subparagraph (A)(i).
            ``(3) Trading prohibition after 3 years of non-
        inspections.--
                    ``(A) In general.--If the Commission determines 
                that a covered issuer has 3 consecutive non-inspection 
                years, the Commission shall prohibit the securities of 
                the covered issuer from being traded--
                            ``(i) on a national securities exchange; or
                            ``(ii) through any other method that is 
                        within the jurisdiction of the Commission to 
                        regulate, including through the method of 
                        trading that is commonly referred to as the 
                        `over-the-counter' trading of securities.
                    ``(B) Removal of initial prohibition.--If, after 
                the Commission imposes a prohibition on a covered 
                issuer under subparagraph (A), the covered issuer 
                certifies to the Commission that the covered issuer has 
                retained a registered public accounting firm that the 
                Board has inspected under this section to the 
                satisfaction of the Commission, the Commission shall 
                end that prohibition.
                    ``(C) Recurrence of non-inspection years.--If, 
                after the Commission ends a prohibition under 
                subparagraph (B) or (D) with respect to a covered 
                issuer, the Commission determines that the covered 
                issuer has a non-inspection year, the Commission shall 
                prohibit the securities of the covered issuer from 
                being traded--
                            ``(i) on a national securities exchange; or
                            ``(ii) through any other method that is 
                        within the jurisdiction of the Commission to 
                        regulate, including through the method of 
                        trading that is commonly referred to as the 
                        `over-the-counter' trading of securities.
                    ``(D) Removal of subsequent prohibition.--If, after 
                the end of the 5-year period beginning on the date on 
                which the Commission imposes a prohibition on a covered 
                issuer under subparagraph (C), the covered issuer 
                certifies to the Commission that the covered issuer 
                will retain a registered public accounting firm that 
                the Board is able to inspect under this section, the 
                Commission shall end that prohibition.
            ``(4) Rules.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
        enactment of this subsection, the Commission shall issue rules 
        that establish the manner and form in which a covered issuer 
        shall make a submission required under paragraph (2)(B).''.
    (b) Additional Disclosure.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    (A) the term ``audit report'' has the meaning given 
                the term in section 2(a) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 
                2002 (15 U.S.C. 7201(a));
                    (B) the term ``Commission'' means the Securities 
                and Exchange Commission;
                    (C) the term ``covered form''--
                            (i) means--
                                    (I) the form described in section 
                                249.310 of title 17, Code of Federal 
                                Regulations, or any successor 
                                regulation; and
                                    (II) the form described in section 
                                249.220f of title 17, Code of Federal 
                                Regulations, or any successor 
                                regulation; and
                            (ii) includes a form that--
                                    (I) is the equivalent of, or 
                                substantially similar to, the form 
                                described in subclause (I) or (II) of 
                                clause (i); and
                                    (II) a foreign issuer files with 
                                the Commission under the Securities 
                                Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78a et 
                                seq.) or rules issued under that Act;
                    (D) the terms ``covered issuer'' and ``non-
                inspection year'' have the meanings given the terms in 
                subsection (i)(1) of section 104 of the Sarbanes-Oxley 
                Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214), as added by subsection 
                (a) of this section; and
                    (E) the term ``foreign issuer'' has the meaning 
                given the term in section 240.3b-4 of title 17, Code of 
                Federal Regulations, or any successor regulation.
            (2) Requirement.--Each covered issuer that is a foreign 
        issuer and for which, during a non-inspection year with respect 
        to the covered issuer, a registered public accounting firm 
        described in subsection (i)(2)(A) of section 104 of the 
        Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (15 U.S.C. 7214), as added by 
        subsection (a) of this section, has prepared an audit report 
        shall disclose in each covered form filed by that issuer that 
        covers such a non-inspection year--
                    (A) that, during the period covered by the covered 
                form, such a registered public accounting firm has 
                prepared an audit report for the issuer;
                    (B) the percentage of the shares of the issuer 
                owned by governmental entities in the foreign 
                jurisdiction in which the issuer is incorporated or 
                otherwise organized;
                    (C) whether governmental entities in the applicable 
                foreign jurisdiction with respect to that registered 
                public accounting firm have a controlling financial 
                interest with respect to the issuer;
                    (D) the name of each official of the Chinese 
                Communist Party who is a member of the board of 
                directors of--
                            (i) the issuer; or
                            (ii) the operating entity with respect to 
                        the issuer; and
                    (E) whether the articles of incorporation of the 
                issuer (or equivalent organizing document) contains any 
                charter of the Chinese Communist Party, including the 
                text of any such charter.

                     Subtitle C--Economic Security

SEC. 441. IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO THEFT OF TRADE 
              SECRETS OF UNITED STATES PERSONS.

    (a) Report Required.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and not less frequently than every 
        180 days thereafter, the President shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a report--
                    (A) identifying, for the 180-day period preceding 
                submission of the report--
                            (i) any foreign person that has knowingly 
                        engaged in, or benefitted from, significant 
                        theft of trade secrets of United States 
                        persons, if the theft of such trade secrets is 
                        reasonably likely to result in, or has 
                        materially contributed to, a significant threat 
                        to the national security, foreign policy, or 
                        economic health or financial stability of the 
                        United States;
                            (ii) any foreign person that has provided 
                        significant financial, material, or 
                        technological support for, or goods or services 
                        in support of or to benefit significantly from, 
                        such theft;
                            (iii) any entity owned or controlled by, or 
                        that has acted or purported to act for or on 
                        behalf of, directly or indirectly, any foreign 
                        person identified under clause (i) or (ii); and
                            (iv) any foreign person that is a chief 
                        executive officer or member of the board of 
                        directors of any foreign entity identified 
                        under clause (i) or (ii); and
                    (B) describing the nature, objective, and outcome 
                of the theft of trade secrets each foreign person 
                described in subparagraph (A)(i) engaged in or 
                benefitted from; and
                    (C) assessing whether any chief executive officer 
                or member of the board of directors described in clause 
                (iv) of subparagraph (A) engaged in, or benefitted 
                from, activity described in clause (i) or (ii) of that 
                subparagraph.
            (2) Form of report.--Each report required by paragraph (1) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
        classified annex.
    (b) Authority To Impose Sanctions.--
            (1) Sanctions applicable to entities.--In the case of a 
        foreign entity identified under subparagraph (A) of subsection 
        (a)(1) in the most recent report submitted under that 
        subsection, the President shall impose one of the following:
                    (A) Blocking of property.--The President may, 
                pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers 
                Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), block and prohibit all 
                transactions in all property and interests in property 
                of the entity if such property and interests in 
                property are in the United States, come within the 
                United States, or are or come within the possession or 
                control of a United States person.
                    (B) Inclusion on entity list.--The President may 
                include the entity on the entity list maintained by the 
                Bureau of Industry and Security of the Department of 
                Commerce and set forth in Supplement No. 4 to part 744 
                of the Export Administration Regulations, for 
                activities contrary to the national security or foreign 
                policy interests of the United States.
            (2) Sanctions applicable to individuals.--In the case of an 
        individual identified under subparagraph (A) of subsection 
        (a)(1) in the most recent report submitted under that 
        subsection, the following shall apply:
                    (A) Blocking of property.--The President shall, 
                pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers 
                Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.), block and prohibit all 
                transactions in all property and interests in property 
                of the individual if such property and interests in 
                property are in the United States, come within the 
                United States, or are or come within the possession or 
                control of a United States person.
                    (B) Visa ban; exclusion.--The Secretary of State 
                shall deny a visa to the individual and revoke, in 
                accordance with section 221(i) of the Immigration and 
                Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1201(i)), any visa or other 
                documentation of the individual, and the Secretary of 
                Homeland Security shall exclude the individual from the 
                United States.
    (c) Exceptions.--
            (1) Intelligence activities.--This section shall not apply 
        with respect to activities subject to the reporting 
        requirements under title V of the National Security Act of 1947 
        (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.) or any authorized intelligence 
        activities of the United States.
            (2) Law enforcement activities.--Sanctions under this 
        section shall not apply with respect to any authorized law 
        enforcement activities of the United States.
            (3) Exception relating to importation of goods.--
                    (A) In general.--The authority to impose sanctions 
                under this section shall not include the authority or a 
                requirement to impose sanctions on the importation of 
                goods.
                    (B) Good defined.--In this paragraph, the term 
                ``good'' means any article, natural or manmade 
                substance, material, supply, or manufactured product, 
                including inspection and test equipment, and excluding 
                technical data.
            (4) Exception to comply with international agreements.--
        Subsection (b)(2)(B) shall not apply with respect to the 
        admission of an individual to the United States if such 
        admission is necessary to comply with the obligations of the 
        United States under the Agreement regarding the Headquarters of 
        the United Nations, signed at Lake Success June 26, 1947, and 
        entered into force November 21, 1947, between the United 
        Nations and the United States, under the Convention on Consular 
        Relations, done at Vienna April 24, 1963, and entered into 
        force March 19, 1967, or under other international agreements.
    (d) National Security Waiver.--The President may waive the 
imposition of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a person 
if the President--
            (1) determines that such a waiver is in the national 
        security interests of the United States; and
            (2) not more than 15 days after issuing such a waiver, 
        submits to the appropriate congressional committees a 
        notification of the waiver and the reasons for the waiver.
    (e) Termination of Sanctions.--Sanctions imposed under subsection 
(b) with respect to a foreign person identified in a report submitted 
under subsection (a) shall terminate if the President certifies to the 
appropriate congressional committees, before the termination takes 
effect, that the person is no longer engaged in the activity identified 
in the report.
    (f) Implementation; Penalties.--
            (1) Implementation.--The President may exercise all 
        authorities provided under sections 203 and 205 of the 
        International Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 
        1704) to carry out this section.
            (2) Penalties.--A person that violates, attempts to 
        violate, conspires to violate, or causes a violation of 
        paragraph (1)(A) or (2)(A) of subsection (b) or any regulation, 
        license, or order issued to carry out that paragraph shall be 
        subject to the penalties set forth in subsections (b) and (c) 
        of section 206 of the International Emergency Economic Powers 
        Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that 
        commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) of that 
        section.
    (g) Definitions.--In this section:
            (1) Export administration regulations.--The term ``Export 
        Administration Regulations'' means subchapter C of chapter VII 
        of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations.
            (2) Foreign entity.--The term ``foreign entity'' means an 
        entity that is not a United States person.
            (3) Foreign person.--The term ``foreign person'' means a 
        person that is not a United States person.
            (4) Trade secret.--The term ``trade secret'' has the 
        meaning given that term in section 1839 of title 18, United 
        States Code.
            (5) Person.--The term ``person'' means an individual or 
        entity.
            (6) United states person.--The term ``United States 
        person'' means--
                    (A) an individual who is a United States citizen or 
                an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence to 
                the United States;
                    (B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an entity; 
                or
                    (C) any person in the United States.

SEC. 442. COUNTERING FOREIGN CORRUPT PRACTICES.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State, working through the 
Assistant Secretary of State for Economic and Business Affairs and the 
Assistant Secretary of State for International Narcotics and Law 
Enforcement Affairs, shall offer to provide technical assistance to the 
governments of countries that are partners of the United States to 
assist members of national legislatures and officials of executive 
branches in those countries in establishing legislative and regulatory 
frameworks that are similar to those set forth in--
            (1) section 30A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 
        U.S.C. 78dd-1); and
            (2) section 104 of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 
        1977 (15 U.S.C. 78dd-2).
    (b) Purposes.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary of 
State shall actively encourage governments described in that 
subsection--
            (1) to adopt standards that deter fraudulent business 
        practices and increase government and private sector 
        accountability; and
            (2) to strengthen the investigative and prosecutorial 
        capacity of government institutions to combat fraudulent 
        business practices involving public officials.
    (c) Strategy Requirement.--Not later than 90 days after the date of 
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall submit a strategy 
for carrying out the activities described in subsections (a) and (b) 
to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives.
    (d) Consultation.--In formulating the strategy described in 
subsection (c), the Secretary of State shall consult with the Secretary 
of the Treasury and the Attorney General.
    (e) Semiannual Briefing Requirement.--Not later than 180 days after 
the date of enactment of this Act, and every 180 days thereafter, the 
Secretary of State shall provide a briefing regarding the activities 
described in subsections (a) and (b) and the strategy submitted under 
subsection (c) to--
            (1) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of 
        Representatives.

SEC. 443. DEBT RELIEF FOR COUNTRIES ELIGIBLE FOR ASSISTANCE FROM THE 
              INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION.

    (a) Policy Statement.--It is the policy of the United States to 
coordinate with the international community to provide debt relief for 
debt that is held by countries eligible for assistance from the 
International Development Association that request forbearance to 
respond to the COVID-19 pandemic.
    (b) Debt Relief.--The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Secretary of State, shall--
            (1) engage with international financial institutions and 
        other bilateral official creditors to advance policy 
        discussions on restructuring, rescheduling, or canceling the 
        sovereign debt of countries eligible for assistance from the 
        International Development Association; and
            (2) instruct the United States Executive Director of the 
        International Monetary Fund and the United States Executive 
        Director of the World Bank to use the voice and vote of the 
        United States to advance agreement on the efforts described in 
        paragraph (1).
    (c) Reporting Requirement.--Not later than 45 days after the date 
of the enactment of this Act, and every 90 days thereafter until the 
end of the COVID-19 pandemic, as determined by the World Health 
Organization, the Secretary of the Treasury, in coordination with the 
Secretary of State, shall submit to the committees specified in 
subsection (d) a report that describes--
            (1) actions that have been taken to advance debt relief for 
        countries eligible for assistance from the International 
        Development Association that request forbearance to respond to 
        the COVID-19 pandemic in coordination with international 
        financial institutions, the Group of 7 (G7), the Group of 20 
        (G20), Paris Club members, and the Institute of International 
        Finance;
            (2) mechanisms that have been utilized and mechanisms that 
        are under consideration to provide the debt relief described in 
        paragraph (1);
            (3) any United States policy concerns regarding debt relief 
        to specific countries;
            (4) the balance and status of repayments on all loans from 
        the People's Republic of China to countries eligible for 
        assistance from the International Development Association, 
        including--
                    (A) loans provided as part of the Belt and Road 
                Initiative of the People's Republic of China;
                    (B) loans made by the Export-Import Bank of China;
                    (C) loans made by the China Development Bank; and
                    (D) loans made by the Asian Infrastructure 
                Investment Bank;
            (5) the transparency measures established or proposed to 
        ensure that funds saved through the debt relief described in 
        paragraph (1) will be used for activities--
                    (A) that respond to the health, economic, and 
                social consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic; and
                    (B) that are consistent with the interests and 
                values of the United States; and
            (6) policy options available to the United States 
        Government to support and advance debt relief from the official 
        creditors of Sudan.
    (d) Committees Specified.--The committees specified in this 
subsection are--
            (1) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on 
        Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, and the Committee on 
        Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
            (2) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on 
        Financial Services, and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
        House of Representatives.

SEC. 444. COLLECTION OF INFORMATION FROM UNITED STATES ENTITIES 
              CONCERNING REQUESTS BY THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of Commerce shall collect from each 
United States entity that does business in the People's Republic of 
China information concerning requests from the Government of China 
relating to censorship, surveillance, data transfers, and the 
establishment of cells of that government within that entity.
    (b) Classified Report.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary shall submit to Congress a classified report on the 
        information collected under subsection (a) during the period 
        covered by the report.
            (2) Elements.--The information included in each report 
        submitted under paragraph (1)--
                    (A) shall not identify any particular United States 
                entity; and
                    (B) shall be disaggregated by industry sector.

SEC. 445. REPORT ON MANNER AND EXTENT TO WHICH THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA 
              EXPLOITS HONG KONG TO CIRCUMVENT UNITED STATES LAWS AND 
              PROTECTIONS.

    Title III of the United States-Hong Kong Policy Act of 1992 (22 
U.S.C. 5731 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:

``SEC. 303. REPORT ON MANNER AND EXTENT TO WHICH THE GOVERNMENT OF 
              CHINA EXPLOITS HONG KONG TO CIRCUMVENT UNITED STATES LAWS 
              AND PROTECTIONS.

    ``(a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the 
enactment of this section, the Secretary of State shall submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the manner and extent 
to which the Government of China uses the status of Hong Kong to 
circumvent the laws and protections of the United States.
    ``(b) Elements.--The report required by subsection (a) shall 
include the following:
            ``(1) In consultation with the Secretary of Commerce, the 
        Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Director of National 
        Intelligence--
                    ``(A) an assessment of how the Government of China 
                uses Hong Kong to circumvent United States export 
                controls; and
                    ``(B) a list of all significant incidents in which 
                the Government of China used Hong Kong to circumvent 
                such controls during the reporting period.
            ``(2) In consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury 
        and the Secretary of Commerce--
                    ``(A) an assessment of how the Government of China 
                uses Hong Kong to circumvent duties on merchandise 
                exported to the United States from the People's 
                Republic of China; and
                    ``(B) a list of all significant incidents in which 
                the Government of China used Hong Kong to circumvent 
                such duties during the reporting period.
            ``(3) In consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury, 
        the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Director of 
        National Intelligence--
                    ``(A) an assessment of how the Government of China 
                uses Hong Kong to circumvent sanctions imposed by the 
                United States or pursuant to multilateral regimes; and
                    ``(B) a list of all significant incidents in which 
                the Government of China used Hong Kong to circumvent 
                such sanctions during the reporting period.
            ``(4) In consultation with the Secretary of Homeland 
        Security and the Director of National Intelligence--
                    ``(A) an assessment of how the Government of China 
                uses formal or informal means to extradite or 
                coercively move foreign nationals, including United 
                States persons, from Hong Kong to the People's Republic 
                of China; and
                    ``(B) a list of foreign nationals, including United 
                States persons, who have been formally or informally 
                extradited or coercively moved from Hong Kong to the 
                People's Republic of China.
            ``(5) In consultation with the Secretary of Defense, the 
        Director of National Intelligence, and the Director of Homeland 
        Security--
                    ``(A) an assessment of how the intelligence, 
                security, and law enforcement agencies of the 
                Government of China, including the Ministry of State 
                Security, the Ministry of Public Security, and the 
                People's Armed Police, use the Hong Kong Security 
                Bureau and other security agencies in Hong Kong to 
                conduct espionage on foreign nationals, including 
                United States persons, conduct influence operations, or 
                violate civil liberties guaranteed under the laws of 
                Hong Kong; and
                    ``(B) a list of all significant incidents of such 
                espionage, influence operations, or violations of civil 
                liberties during the reporting period.
    ``(c) Form of Report; Availability.--
            ``(1) Form.--The report required by subsection (a) shall be 
        submitted in unclassified form, but may include a classified 
        index.
            ``(2) Availability.--The unclassified portion of the report 
        required by subsection (a) shall be posted on a publicly 
        available internet website of the Department of State.
    ``(d) Definitions.--In this section:
            ``(1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        `appropriate congressional committees' means--
                    ``(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations, the 
                Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, the 
                Committee on Finance, and the Select Committee on 
                Intelligence of the Senate; and
                    ``(B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs, the 
                Committee on Financial Services, the Permanent Select 
                Committee on Intelligence, and the Committee on Ways 
                and Means of the House of Representatives.
            ``(2) Foreign national.--The term `foreign national' means 
        a person that is neither--
                    ``(A) an individual who is a citizen or national of 
                the People's Republic of China; or
                    ``(B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                People's Republic of China or of a jurisdiction within 
                the People's Republic of China.
            ``(3) Reporting period.--The term `reporting period' means 
        the 5-year period preceding submission of the report required 
        by subsection (a).
            ``(4) United states person.--The term `United States 
        person' means--
                    ``(A) a United States citizen or an alien lawfully 
                admitted for permanent residence to the United States; 
                or
                    ``(B) an entity organized under the laws of the 
                United States or of any jurisdiction within the United 
                States, including a foreign branch of such an 
                entity.''.

SEC. 446. MONITORING OVERCAPACITY OF INDUSTRIES IN THE PEOPLE'S 
              REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    (a) Report on Overcapacity.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
        the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the United States 
        Trade Representative, shall submit to the Committee on Finance 
        of the Senate and the Committee on Ways and Means of the House 
        of Representatives a report on overcapacity of industries in 
        the People's Republic of China.
            (2) Elements.--The report required by paragraph (1) shall 
        include--
                    (A) a determination on whether overcapacity exists 
                in any major industry in the People's Republic of 
                China; and
                    (B) a description of the effects of that 
                overcapacity on industry in the United States.
    (b) Multilateral Negotiations.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after a positive 
        determination of overcapacity under subsection (a)(2)(A), the 
        United States Trade Representative shall enter into 
        negotiations at an appropriate multilateral institution to 
        which the United States is a party, as determined by the Trade 
        Representative, to reduce that overcapacity.
            (2) Determination of substantial reduction.--Not later than 
        one year after the start of negotiations under paragraph (1), 
        and annually thereafter for the following 2 years, the Trade 
        Representative shall submit to the Committee on Finance of the 
        Senate and the Committee on Ways and Means of the House of 
        Representatives a report containing a determination of whether 
        those negotiations are likely to lead to a substantive 
        reduction in the overcapacity described in that paragraph.
    (c) Investigation Into Increased Imports.--If the Trade 
Representative determines that negotiations under subsection (b) are 
not likely to be successful with respect to overcapacity described in 
that subsection, the United States International Trade Commission shall 
initiate an investigation under section 202(b) of the Trade Act of 1974 
(19 U.S.C. 2252(b)) to protect industry in the United States from 
increases in imports that may result from that overcapacity.

SEC. 447. REPORT ON CURRENCY ISSUES WITH RESPECT TO THE PEOPLE'S 
              REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, 
and every 180 days thereafter, the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
submit to Congress a report analyzing the economic effects of the 
People's Republic of China's movement towards a free floating currency, 
including the effects on United States exports and economic growth and 
job creation in the United States.

SEC. 448. REPORT ON EXPOSURE OF THE UNITED STATES TO THE FINANCIAL 
              SYSTEM OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
annually thereafter, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to 
Congress a report on the exposure of the United States to the financial 
sector of the People's Republic of China that includes--
            (1) an assessment of the effects of reforms to the 
        financial sector of the People's Republic of China on the 
        United States and global financial systems;
            (2) a description of the policies the United States 
        Government is adopting to protect the interests of the United 
        States while the financial sector of the People's Republic of 
        China undergoes such reforms; and
            (3) recommendations for additional actions the United 
        States Government should take to protect such interests.

SEC. 449. REPORT ON THE EXTENT TO WHICH UNITED STATES ENTITIES ACROSS 
              INDUSTRIAL SECTORS SOURCE FROM THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF 
              CHINA AND USE CHINESE-OPERATED GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION 
              NETWORKS.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report regarding the degree to which private 
entities in the United States across industrial sectors source from the 
People's Republic of China and use Chinese-operated global distribution 
networks.

SEC. 450. REPORT ON ANTICOMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR BY THE GOVERNMENT OF 
              CHINA.

    Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and 
annually thereafter, the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation 
with the Attorney General, the Federal Trade Commission, and such other 
Federal officials as the Secretary considers appropriate, shall submit 
to Congress a report on the economic effects of alleged anticompetitive 
behavior by antitrust enforcers in the People's Republic of China.

SEC. 451. REPORT ON INVESTMENT RECIPROCITY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES 
              AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this 
Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to Congress a report on 
legislative or administrative action that would be necessary to permit 
the President to condition the provision of access by Chinese investors 
to the United States market on a reciprocal, sector-by-sector basis to 
provide an equivalent level of market access as there is for United 
States investors to the market of the People's Republic of China.

SEC. 452. STATEMENT OF POLICY TO ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF A 
              CORPORATE CODE OF CONDUCT FOR COUNTERING MALIGN INFLUENCE 
              IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR.

    It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to support business practices that are open, 
        transparent, respect workers' rights, and are environmentally 
        conscious;
            (2) to reaffirm the commitment of the United States to 
        economic freedom, which is the bedrock of the United States 
        economy and enables anyone in the United States to freely 
        conduct business and pursue the American dream;
            (3) to support freedom of expression for all people;
            (4) to promote the security of United States supply chains 
        and United States businesses against malign foreign influence;
            (5) to welcome and commit to supporting business people 
        from the People's Republic of China who are in the United 
        States to pursue the American dream, free from restrictions and 
        surveillance, including freedom of inquiry and freedom of 
        expression, that may be proscribed or restricted in the 
        People's Republic of China;
            (6) to condemn and oppose xenophobia and racial 
        discrimination in any form, including against Chinese 
        businesspeople, entrepreneurs, and visitors in the United 
        States;
            (7) to recognize the threats posed to economic freedom and 
        freedom of expression by the Government of China, which are 
        seeking to influence and interfere with United States 
        businesses and distort United States markets for the gain of 
        the People's Republic of China, either directly or indirectly;
            (8) to condemn the practice by the Government of China of 
        direct and indirect surveillance and censorship and acts of 
        retaliation by officials of that Government or their agents 
        against businesspeople or entrepreneurs, as well as harassment 
        of their family members in the People's Republic of China, for 
        the international business dealings of Chinese students and 
        scholars;
            (9) to encourage United States businesses that conduct 
        substantial business with or in the People's Republic of China 
        to collectively develop and commit to using best practices to 
        ensure that their business in or with the People's Republic of 
        China is consistent with the policies of the United States; and
            (10) to specifically encourage United States businesses to 
        develop and agree to a code of conduct for business with or in 
        the People's Republic of China, pursuant to which a United 
        States business would commit--
                    (A) to protect the free speech rights of its 
                employees to, in their personal capacities, express 
                views on global issues without fear that pressure from 
                the Government of China would result in them being 
                retaliated against by the business;
                    (B) to ensure that products and services made by 
                the business and sold in the People's Republic of China 
                do not enable the Government of China to undermine 
                fundamental rights and freedoms, for example by 
                facilitating repression and censorship;
                    (C) to maintain robust due diligence programs to 
                ensure that the business is not engaging in business 
                with--
                            (i) the military of the People's Republic 
                        of China;
                            (ii) Chinese entities subject to United 
                        States export controls; or
                            (iii) other Chinese actors that engage in 
                        conduct prohibited by the law of the United 
                        States;
                    (D) to disclose publicly any funding or support 
                received from Chinese diplomatic missions or other 
                entities linked to the Government of China;
                    (E) to help mentor and support businesspeople and 
                entrepreneurs from the People's Republic of China to 
                ensure that they can enjoy full economic freedom;
                    (F) to ensure that employees of the business in the 
                People's Republic of China are not subject to undue 
                influence by the Government of China at their 
                workplace; and
                    (G) to ensure that agreements and practices of the 
                business in the People's Republic of China ensure the 
                protection of intellectual property.

SEC. 453. ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN LAWS, POLICIES, AND PRACTICES THAT HARM 
              COMPETITION.

    Section 181(a) of the Trade Act of 1974 (19 U.S.C. 2241(a)) is 
amended--
            (1) by redesignating paragraph (4) as paragraph (5); and
            (2) by inserting after paragraph (3) the following:
            ``(4) Inclusion of laws, policies, and practices that harm 
        competition.--
                    ``(A) In general.--For calendar year 2021 and each 
                succeeding calendar year, the Trade Representative 
                shall include in the analyses and estimates under 
                paragraph (1) an identification and analysis of any 
                laws, policies, or practices of a foreign country that 
                are market-distorting so as to potentially harm 
                competition in the United States and violate antitrust 
                laws of the United States.
                    ``(B) Reporting requirement.--In each report 
                required by subsection (b), the Trade Representative 
                shall include a description and estimate of the impact 
                of each law, policy, or practice identified under 
                subparagraph (A) on United States commerce.
                    ``(C) Information sharing.--The Trade 
                Representative shall provide a list of the laws, 
                policies, and practices identified under subparagraph 
                (A), and any supporting information, to the Attorney 
                General and the Federal Trade Commission to develop 
                policy and research tools to promote competition and 
                inform the enforcement of antitrust laws.''.
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