# Patent

## Title
Virtual encounters

## Abstract

A virtual encounter system includes a mannequin coupled to a camera for receiving a video image. The camera sends the video image to a communications network. The virtual encounter system also includes a processor for morphing the video image and a set of goggles to display a morphed video image.

## Background
TECHNICAL FIELD
This disclosure relates to virtual reality devices, and in particular, using these devices for communication and contact.
BACKGROUND
Two people can be separated by thousands of miles or across a town. With the development of the telephone, two people can hear each other's voice, and, to each of them, the experience is as if the other person was right next to them. Other developments have increased the perception of physical closeness. For example, teleconferencing and Internet cameras allow two people to see each other as well as hear each other over long distances.
SUMMARY
In one aspect, the invention is a virtual encounter system that includes a mannequin coupled to a camera for receiving a video image. The camera sends the video image to a communications network. The virtual encounter system also includes a processor for morphing the video image and a set of goggles to display a morphed video image.
In another aspect, the invention is a method of having a virtual encounter. The method includes receiving a video image at a camera coupled to a mannequin. The camera sends the video image to a communications network. The method also includes morphing the video image and rendering a morphed video image using a set of goggles.
One or more of the aspects above have one or more of the following advantages. The virtual encounter system adds a higher level of perception that two people are in the same place. Aspects of the system allow two people to touch and to feel each other as well as manipulate objects in each other's environment. Thus, a business person can shake a client's hand from across an ocean. Parents on business trips can read to their children at home and put them to bed. People using the system while in two different locations can interact with each other in a virtual environment of their own selection, e.g., a beach or a mountaintop. People can change their physical appearance in the virtual environment so that they seem taller or thinner to the other person or become any entity of their own choosing.



DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a view of a virtual encounter system.
FIG. 2A is a view of a left side of a head of a mannequin.
FIG. 2B is a view of a right side of the head of the mannequin.
FIG. 3 is a view of a set of virtual glasses.
FIG. 4 is a view of a wireless earphone.
FIG. 5 is a functional diagram of the virtual encounter system.
FIG. 6 is a signal flow diagram of the virtual encounter system.
FIG. 7A is a view of a user with motion sensors.
FIG. 7B is a view of a robot with motion actuators.
FIG. 8A is a view of a left hand of the robot.
FIG. 8B is a view a left glove worn by the user.
FIG. 9A is a view of a robot with tactile actuators.
FIG. 9B is a view of the user with tactile sensors.
FIG. 10A is a view of a scene with the user in a room.
FIG. 10B is a view of the scene with the user on a beach.
FIG. 11A is a view of an image of the user.
FIG. 11B is a view of a morphed image of the user.



DESCRIPTION
Referring to FIG. 1, a virtual encounter system 10 includes in a first location A, a mannequin 12a, a communication gateway 16a, a set of goggles 20a worn by a user 22a, and two wireless earphones (earphone 24a and earphone 26a) also worn by user 22a. System 10 can further include in a location B, a mannequin 12b, a communication gateway 16b, a set of goggles 20b worn by a user 22b, and two wireless earphones (earphone 24b and earphone 26b) also worn by user 22b. Gateway 16a and gateway 16b are connected by a network 24 (e.g., the Internet).
As will be explained below, when user 22a interacts with mannequin 12a in location A by seeing and hearing the mannequin, user 22a perceives seeing user 22b and hearing user 22b in location B. Likewise, user 22b listens and sees mannequin 12b but perceives listening and seeing user 22a in location A. Details of the gateways 16a and 16b are discussed below. Suffice it to say that the gateways 16a and 16b execute processes to process and transport raw data produced for instance when users 22a and 22b interact with respective mannequins 12a and 12b. 
Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, each mannequin 12a-12b includes a camera (e.g., camera 30a and camera 30b) positioned in a left eye socket (e.g., left eye socket 34a and left eye socket 34b), and a camera (e.g., camera 36a and camera 36b) positioned in a right eye socket (e.g., right eye socket 38a and right eye socket 38b).
Each mannequin 12a-12b also includes a microphone (e.g., microphone 42a and microphone 42b) positioned within a left ear (e.g., left ear 46a and left ear 46b), and a microphone (e.g., microphone 48a and microphone 48b) positioned within a right ear (e.g., right ear 52a and right ear 52b).
Each mannequin 12a-12b further includes a transmitter (e.g., transmitter 72a and transmitter 72b) containing a battery (not shown). Transmitters 72a-72b send the audio and video signals from the cameras and the microphones to communication gateway 16a-16b. 
Referring to FIG. 3, each set of goggles 20a and 20b includes one left display (left display 56a and left display 56b) and one right display (right display 60a and right display 60b). Each set of goggles 20a and 20b includes a receiver (e.g., receiver 70a and receiver 70b) containing a battery source (not shown). Receivers 70a-70b receive the audio and video signals transmitted from processors 16a-16b. 
Referring to FIG. 4, each earphone 24a, 24b, 26a and 26b includes a receiver 74 for receiving audio signals from a corresponding microphone 42a, 42b, 48a and 48b an amplifier 75 for amplifying the audio signal and a transducer 76 for broadcasting audio signals.
Referring to FIG. 5, each communication gateway 16a-16b includes an adapter 78a-78b, a processor 80a-80b, memory 84a-84b, an interface 88a-88b and a storage medium 92a-92b (e.g., a hard disk). Each adapter 78a-78b establishes a bi-directional signal connection with network 24.
Each interface 88a-88b receives, via transmitter 72a-78b in mannequin 12a-12b, video signals from cameras 30a-30b, 36a-36b and audio signals from microphones 42a-42b, 48a-48b. Each interface 88a-88b sends video signals to displays 56a, 56b in goggles 20a-20b via receiver 70a-70b. Each interface 88a sends audio signals to earphones 24a-24b, 26a-26b in goggles 20a-20b via receiver 74a-74b. 
Each storage medium 92a-92b stores an operating system 96a-96b, data 98a-98b for establishing communications links with other communication gateways, and computer instructions 94a-94b which are executed by processor 80a-80b in respective memories 84a-84b to coordinate, send and receive audio, visual and other sensory signals to and from network 24.
Signals within system 10 are sent using a standard streaming connection using time-stamped packets or a stream of bits over a continuous connection. Other examples, include using a direct connection such as an integrated services digital network (ISDN).
Referring to FIG. 6, in operation, camera 30b and camera 36b record video images from Location B. The video images are transmitted wirelessly to communication gateway 16b as video signals. Communication gateway 16b sends the video signals through network 28 to communication gateway 16a. Communication gateway 16b transmits the video signals wirelessly to set of goggles 20a. The video images recorded by camera 30b are rendered on to display 56a, and the video images recorded on camera 36b are rendered on to display 60a. 
Likewise, communication gateway 16a and communication gateway 16b work in the opposite direction through network 24, so that the video images, from location A, recorded by camera 30a are rendered on to display 56b. The video images, recorded by camera 36a are rendered on display 60b. 
The sounds received by microphone 42a in location A, are transmitted to earphone 24b and sounds received in location A by microphone 52a are transmitted to earphone 26b. The sounds received by microphone 42b in location B, are transmitted to earphone 24a and sounds received in location B by microphone 52b are transmitted to earphone 26a. 
Using system 10, two people can have a conversation where each of the persons perceives that the other is in the same location as them.
Referring to FIGS. 7A and 7B, the user 22a is shown wearing motion sensors 101, over portions of their bodies, and in particular over those portions of the body that exhibit movement. In addition, the mannequins are replaced by robots. For example, a robot 12b includes a series of motion actuators 103. Each motion actuator 103 placement corresponds to a motion sensor 101 on the user 22a so that each motion sensor activates a motion actuator in the robot that makes the corresponding movement.
For example, when the user 22a moves their right hand, a sensor in the right hand sends a signal through the network to a motion actuator on the robot. The robot 12b in turn moves its right hand.
In another example, a user 22a can walk towards a robot 12a in location A. All the sensors on the user 22a send a corresponding signal to the actuators on the robot 12b in location B. The robot 12b in location B performs the same walking movement. The user 22b in location B is not looking in location B but rather through the eyes of the robot 12a in location A so that user 22b does see the user 22a in location A walking towards them, but not because the robot 12b in location B is walking. However, the fact that the robot 12b in location B is walking enables two things to happen. First, since the user 22a in location A is seeing through the eyes of the robot 12b in location B and since the robot 12b in location B is walking enables the user 22a in location A to see what he would see if he were indeed walking in location B. Second, it enables the robot 12b in location B to meet up with the user 22b in location B.
Referring to FIGS. 8A and 8B, in still other embodiments, tactile sensors 104 are placed on the exterior of a robot hand 102 located in Location A. Corresponding tactile actuators 106 are sewn into an interior of a glove 104 worn by a user in location B. Using system 10, a user in location B can feel objects in Location A. For example, a user can see a vase within a room, walk over to the vase, and pick-up the vase. The tactile sensors-actuators are sensitive enough so that the user can feel the texture of the vase.
Referring to FIGS. 9A and 9B, in other embodiments, sensors are placed over various parts of a robot. Corresponding actuators can be sewn in the interior of a body suit that is worn by a user. The sensors and their corresponding actuators are calibrated so that more sensitive regions of a human are calibrated with a higher degree of sensitivity.
Referring to FIGS. 10A and 10B in other embodiments, user 22a can receive an image of a user 22b but the actual background behind user 22b is altered. For example, user 22b is in a room 202 but user 22a perceives user 22b on a beach 206 or on a mountaintop (not shown). Using conventional video image editing techniques, the communication gateway 16a processes the signals received from Location B and removes or blanks-out the video image except for the portion that has the user 22b. For the blanked out areas on the image, the communication gateway 16a overlays a replacement background, e.g., virtual environment to have the user 22b appear to user 22a in a different environment. Generally, the system can be configured so that either user 22a or user 22b can control how the user 22b is perceived by the user 22a. Communication gateway 16a using conventional techniques can supplement the audio signals received with stored virtual sounds. For example, waves are added to a beach scene, or eagles screaming are added to a mountaintop scene.
In addition, gateway 16a can also supplement tactile sensations with stored virtual tactile sensations. For example, a user can feel the sand on her feet in the beach scene or a cold breeze on her cheeks in a mountain top scene.
In this embodiment, each storage medium 92a-92b stores data 98a-98b for generating a virtual environment including virtual visual images, virtual audio signals, and virtual tactile signals. Computer instructions 94a-94b, which are executed by processor 80a-80b out of memory 84a-84b, combine the visual, audio, and tactile signals received with the stored virtual visual, virtual audio and virtual tactile signals in data 98a-98b. 
Referring to FIGS. 11A and 11B, in other embodiments, a user 22a can receive a morphed image 304 of user 22b. For example, an image 302 of user 22b is transmitted through network 24 to communications gateway 16a. User 22b has brown hair, brown eyes and a large nose. Communications gateway 16a again using conventional imaging morphing techniques alters the image of user 22b so that user 22b has blond hair, blue eyes and a small noise and sends that image to goggles 20a to be rendered.
Communication gateway 16a also changes the sound user 22b makes as perceived by user 22a. For example, user 22b has a high-pitched squeaky voice. Communication gateway 22b using conventional techniques can alter the audio signal representing the voice of user 22b to be a low deep voice.
In addition, communication gateway 16a can alter the tactile sensation. For example, user 22b has cold, dry and scaling skin. Communications gateway 16a can alter the perception of user 22a by sending tactile signals that make the skin of user 22b seem smooth and soft.
In this embodiment, each storage medium 92a-92b stores data 98a-98b for generating a morph personality. Computer instructions 94a-94b, which are executed by processor 80a-80b out of memory 84a-84b, combine the visual, audio, and tactile signals received with the stored virtual visual, virtual audio and virtual tactile signals of a personality in data 98a-98b. 
Thus using system 10 anyone can assume any other identity if it is stored in data 98a-98b. 
In other embodiments, earphones are connected to the goggles. The goggles and the earphones are hooked by a cable to a port (not shown) on the communication gateway.
Other embodiments not described herein are also within the scope of the following claims.

## Claims

1. A virtual reality encounter system comprising,
a mannequin;
a camera coupled to the mannequin, the camera capturing an image of a first, physical location in which the mannequin is disposed, and producing a first video image signal from the first captured image, the first video image including a portion that depicts a user in the field of view of the camera;
a microphone coupled to the mannequin;
a processor configured to:
receive audio signals from the microphone coupled to the mannequin;
supplement the received audio signals with stored virtual sounds;
receive the first video image signal;
morph the first video image signal to alter the appearance in the portion of the image that depicts the user; and
overlay a virtual environment over one or more portions of the first video image signal to form a virtual scene;

an adapter to send to a second, different physical location the morphed, first video image signal with the overlaid virtual scene to a communications network and the supplemented received audio signals and to receive a second, video image signal from the communications network, the second video image signal of the second, different physical location; and
a set of goggles to render the second video image of the second, different physical location on a pair of displays that are integrated with the set of goggles.

2. The system of claim 1 wherein the mannequin is a humanoid robot having tactile sensors positioned along the exterior of the robot, the sensors sending first tactile signals to the communications network the system, further comprising:
a body suit having tactile actuators, the tactile actuators receiving second tactile signals from the communications network;
motion sensors positioned throughout the body suit, the motion sensors sending first motion signals corresponding to movements of each sensor relative to a reference point, the first motion signals transmitted to the communications network; and wherein the humanoid robot is a first humanoid robot and the system further comprises:
a second humanoid robot at the second location, the second humanoid robot receiving, from the communications network, the first motion signals from the motion sensors, the first motion signals from the motion sensors causing a movement of the second humanoid robot that is correlated to a movement of the body suit.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the second humanoid robot includes motion actuators corresponding to the motion sensors, the motion actuators causing the second humanoid robot to move.

4. The system of claim 2, wherein the second humanoid robot has life-like features, the second humanoid robot comprises:
a body; and
a microphone coupled to the body, the microphone for sending audio signals, corresponding to sounds in the second physical location, to the communications network.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the set of goggles further includes a transducer to render the audio signals, received from the communication network, corresponding to the sounds in the second physical location.

6. The system of claim 5, wherein the body includes an eye socket and the camera is positioned in the eye socket.

7. The system of claim 5, wherein the body includes an ear canal and the microphone is positioned within the ear canal.

8. The system of claim 4, wherein the robot comprises a transmitter to wirelessly send the audio signals, the tactile signals, the motion signals and the video image to the communications network.

9. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
a first microphone coupled to the first humanoid robot for capturing sounds in the first location;
a second humanoid robot in the second location, the second humanoid robot supporting:
a second microphone for receiving sounds in the second location; and
a second camera; and

a second set of goggles in the second location to receive the morphed first video image signals and a second earphone to receive the audio signals from the first microphone.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the communications network comprises:
an interface having one or more channels for:
receiving the audio signals from the first microphone;
receiving the second video image signal from the second camera;
sending the second video signals to the first set of goggles; and
sending the audio signals from the second microphone to the transducer.

11. The system of claim 1, further comprises:
a first communication gateway in the first location;
a second processor in the second location to process video from the second location; and
a second communication gateway in the second location, the second processor connected to the first processor via the communications network.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of goggles, comprises a wireless receiver to wirelessly receive the morphed video image.

13. The system of claim 1, wherein the goggles receive a morphed second video image from the processor.

14. A method of having a virtual encounter, comprising:
receiving by a processor device a first video image from a camera coupled to a mannequin, the mannequin disposed in a first physical location;
receiving by the processor device audio signals from a microphone coupled to the mannequin;
supplementing by the processor device the received audio signals with stored virtual sounds;
morphing the first video image;
overlaying a virtual environment over one or more portions of the first video image to form a virtual scene;
sending the morphed video image with the overlaid virtual scene and the supplemented received audio signals over a communications network to a gateway coupled to the communication network at a second, different physical location;
receiving a second video image from a camera coupled to a second mannequin disposed in a second physical location; and
rendering the second video image using a set of goggles in the first location, the goggles including displays for rendering the image, wherein the displays are integrated with the set of the goggles.

15. The method of claim 14 wherein the mannequin is a humanoid robot and the method further comprises:
sending first tactile signals from the humanoid robot to the communications network, from tactile sensors positioned along the exterior of the robot;
receiving second tactile signals from the communications network at a body suit in the first location, the body suit having tactile actuators responsive to the second tactile signals;
sending first motion signals from motion sensors positioned over the surface of a human, the first motion signals corresponding to movements of sensors relative to a reference point, the first motion signals being transmitted to a communications network.

16. The method of claim 15, further comprising:
receiving, at the humanoid robot, second motion signals sent by motion sensors disposed in a second, different physical location; and
causing a movement of the humanoid robot that is correlated to a movement of the human based on the second motion signals received from the motion sensors, wherein receiving comprises
receiving motion signals from the motion sensors at corresponding motion actuators coupled to the humanoid robot to cause the humanoid robot to move.

17. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
transducing second audio signals received from the communications network using a transducer embedded in the set of goggles, the second audio signals from the second, different physical location.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:
sending the second audio signals to the communications network from a second microphone coupled to a second humanoid robot having life-like features;
sending the second video image to the communications network from a second camera coupled to the second humanoid robot;
rendering the second image received from the communications network onto a monitor coupled to a second set of goggles; and
transducing the supplemented received audio signals received from the communications network using a second transducer embedded in the second set of goggles.

19. The method of claim 17, wherein the humanoid robot includes an eye socket and the camera is positioned in the eye socket.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the humanoid robot includes an ear canal and further comprising positioning the microphone within the ear canal.

21. The method of claim 17, wherein the set of goggles, comprises a receiver to receive the morphed video image.

22. The method of claim 17, wherein the humanoid robot further comprises a transmitter to wirelessly send the audio signals and the video image to the communications network.