# Patent

## Title
User configurable routing of VoIP calls

## Abstract

In one or more embodiments, an apparatus includes a set of VoIP servers configured to route VoIP calls to and from a plurality of VoIP-enabled devices. Each of the VoIP-enabled devices is respectively associated with one of a plurality of client accounts. A control circuit is communicatively connected to the one or more VoIP servers and directs the VoIP servers to route VoIP calls for a client account according to a respective routing policy for the client account. The routing policy indicates one or more routing algorithms for selecting paths of a network for routing each of the VoIP calls. The routing policy also indicates a selection algorithm configured to, for each VoIP call, one of the set of routing algorithms based on a set of criteria such as geographic location and/or time of the call.

## Background
FIELD
The present disclosure relates to voice-over-IP (VoIP) communications.
BACKGROUND
VoIP technology allows for calls to be made using internet connections. VoIP technology can be used in place of traditional analog/digital phone lines and can also be used to supplement traditional phone lines. Depending upon the type of VoIP servers and the VoIP provider's capabilities, VoIP calls can be made between VoIP users and/or to anyone having a telephone number (e.g., calls to local, long distance, mobile and/or international numbers). VoIP calls can be initiated and received using a general purpose computer (e.g., using software that provides a soft phone interface), specialized hardware (e.g., a VoIP-enabled telephone), or specialized interface equipment (e.g., a VoIP adapter for an analog telephone).
SUMMARY
Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to an apparatus and method for routing of VoIP calls. These and other aspects of the present disclosure are exemplified in a number of implementations and applications, some of which are shown in the figures and characterized in the claims section that follows.
An apparatus for user-customizable routing of VoIP calls is disclosed. The apparatus includes one or more VoIP servers configured to route VoIP calls to and from a plurality of VoIP-enabled devices. Each of the plurality of VoIP-enabled devices is respectively associated with one of a plurality of client accounts. The apparatus also includes a control circuit communicatively connected to the one or more VoIP servers. For each client account, the control circuit directs the VoIP servers to route VoIP calls to and from the VoIP-enabled devices that are associated with the client account according to a respective routing policy for the client account. The routing policy indicates one or more routing algorithms for selecting paths of a network for routing of the VoIP calls. The routing policy also indicates a selection algorithm. The control circuit and the communicatively connected VoIP servers are configured, in response to the respective routing policy and a VoIP call to or from one of the devices for the client account, to select one of the set of routing algorithms indicated in the routing policy based on and by using the selection algorithm and a set of criteria including geographic origin of the call. The control circuit and the communicatively connected VoIP servers select network paths of the network using the selected routing algorithm and cause the VoIP call to be routed over the selected network paths.
A method is also disclosed for routing of VoIP calls to and from a plurality of VoIP-enabled devices. Each VoIP-enabled device is associated with a respective one of a plurality of client accounts. Each client account has a respective routing policy indicating a respective set of routing algorithms. In a response to a VoIP call to or from one of the VoIP-enabled devices, the one of the plurality of client accounts that is associated with the VoIP-enabled device is determined. Using a selection function indicated in the routing policy of the determined client account, one of the set of routing algorithms is selected based on a set of criteria including geographic origin of the call. The VoIP call is routed through a network by selecting paths of the network according to the selected one of the set of routing algorithms.
The above discussion/summary is not intended to describe each embodiment or every implementation of the present disclosure. The figures and detailed description that follow also exemplify various embodiments.



DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Various example embodiments may be more completely understood in consideration of the following detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a communication system configured for account specific routing of VoIP calls;
FIG. 2 shows a process for routing VoIP calls in accordance with one or more embodiments; and
FIG. 3 shows an example process for selecting a routing algorithm to use for routing VoIP calls.



While various embodiments discussed herein are amenable to modifications and alternative forms, aspects thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the intention is not to limit the invention to the particular embodiments described. On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the disclosure including aspects defined in the claims. In addition, the term “example” as used throughout this application is only by way of illustration, and not limitation.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Aspects of the present disclosure are believed to be applicable to a variety of different types of apparatuses, systems and methods involving routing of VoIP calls. While not necessarily so limited, various aspects may be appreciated through a discussion of examples using this context.
VoIP calls may be routed from a source device, though available data networks, to a destination device using various combinations of available data paths. In routing of a VoIP call, VoIP servers employ a routing algorithm to select which ones of the available data paths are to be used for routing of the VoIP call. Most commonly, the routing algorithm employed by a VoIP service as provided is configured to select lowest cost data paths for routing of VoIP calls.
However, a lowest cost routing algorithm may not be best suited for all customers of the service provider. As one example, a customer may wish to pay more for a high-bandwidth data path to route VoIP communications for life-critical applications. For instance, VoIP services may be used by medical surgeons to remotely participate/collaborate on surgeries in real-time. As another example, selecting lowest cost data paths may not be best suited for a high-traffic event, such as conferences, media events, sporting events and/or concerts, where a high number of VoIP calls may be made. For instance, the lowest cost networks may be unable to handle a large number of calls at the same time without degrading performance/reliability. In these circumstances, it may be preferable to route VoIP calls over higher cost networks that have more bandwidth available. Moreover, a VoIP customer may have arranged special routing and/or prices for a large event. As one example, a cellular provider (e.g., AT&T) may set up an account to provide VoIP services for its customers in order to alleviate congestion on its cellular infrastructure at a high-traffic event. In this circumstance, the cellular provider may provide preferred/free routing through its data networks for VoIP calls to/from its customers.
Methods, circuits and apparatuses are disclosed for routing of VoIP calls using a separate set of routing algorithms for each customer. In some embodiments, customers are able to customize a routing policy for routing VoIP calls to/from VoIP-enabled devices linked to the customer's account. The routing policy for each customer account may be configured to specify a plurality of user-defined routing algorithms and specify user-defined criteria indicating when each of the routing algorithms should be used for routing of VoIP calls.
Various example embodiments are directed to apparatuses including one or more VoIP servers configured to route VoIP calls to and from a plurality of VoIP-enabled devices. Each of the plurality of VoIP-enabled devices is respectively associated with one of a plurality of client accounts. The apparatus also includes a control circuit communicatively connected to the one or more VoIP servers. For each client account, the control circuit directs the VoIP servers to route VoIP calls to and from the VoIP-enabled devices associated with the client account according to a respective routing policy for the client account. The routing policy indicates one or more routing algorithms for selecting paths of a network for routing of the VoIP calls.
In some implementations, at least one client account has a routing policy that indicates a plurality of routing algorithms for routing of VoIP calls. Different routing algorithms may route calls to optimize various call parameters such as routing cost, call throughput, call quality, etc. The routing policy also indicates a selection algorithm configured to, for each VoIP call for the client account, select one of the plurality of routing algorithms as a function of geographic origin of the call. For example, one of the client accounts may have a routing policy that indicates a first routing algorithm for calls originating from a first geographic area, and a second routing algorithm for calls originating from outside the first geographic area. In some implementations, the selection algorithm is further configured to select the one of the plurality of routing algorithms as a function of time or date of the call.
In some embodiments, at least one client account has a routing policy that indicates a time range and geographic region of an event. Such a routing policy may be used, for example, to allocate resources for events in which a large number of calls are expected. For instance, during the time range of the event the control circuit may increase the number of VoIP servers configured to route VoIP calls for the account. The routing policy may also specify a routing algorithm to be used for routing calls to or from the event configured to, for example reduce congestion or utilize data paths reserved for the event. In some implementations, a routing policy may direct the VoIP servers to route emergency calls from the event to a special 911 call center (e.g., located on premises).
In some embodiments, the control circuit configured to provide an internet accessible graphical user interface (GUI), through which an authorized user may adjust routing algorithms, routing criteria, and other settings of the respective routing policy for the client account. For example, the authorized user may specify different routing algorithms for different groups of VoIP-enabled devices associated with the account. As another example, the authorized user may specify a routing algorithm for calls originating from or destined to a geographic location. For instance, a user may customize routing algorithms for a high-traffic event defined by a specified location, date and/or time.
Turning now to the figures, FIG. 1 shows a communication system configured for account-specific routing of VoIP calls. The system includes VoIP servers 120, 122, and 124 configured to route VoIP calls to/from various VoIP-enabled devices 150, 152, 154, 156 and 158, over a network (e.g., the Internet 130). The system includes a call control server 110 that configures the VoIP servers to route VoIP calls differently for different ones of a plurality of accounts served by the VoIP servers. Each account has a respective set of VoIP devices associated with the account and account specific routing policies 112 for routing calls to/from the respective set of VoIP devices.
The routing policy for an account indicates one or more routing algorithms for selecting paths of a network for routing of the VoIP calls. In some implementations, the routing policy includes a plurality of routing algorithms and a selection algorithm for selecting from the plurality of routing algorithms for routing of each VoIP call. The selection algorithm may select routing algorithms based on various criteria including, for example, VoIP device ID, geolocation of the VoIP device, data or time of the VoIP call, destination number of the VoIP call and/or carrier preference. The control circuit 110 and the VoIP servers 120, 122, and 124 are configured, in response to the respective routing policy and a VoIP call to/from the respective set of VoIP devices, to select one of the set of routing algorithms indicated in the routing policy based on and by using the selection algorithm and a set of criteria including geographic origin of the call. The control circuit 110 and the VoIP servers 120, 122, and 124 select network paths of the network 130 using the selected routing algorithm and cause the VoIP call to be routed over the selected network paths.
In some implementations, a selection algorithm in the account specific routing policies 112 may be configured to select a specific routing algorithm for routing VoIP calls to/from a high traffic conference/event. Block 140 shows an example high traffic conference/event. In this example, conference/event location 140 includes a plurality of wireless access points 144 and 146 connected in a local area network (LAN) 142. The wireless access points 144 and 146 provide internet access, through which VoIP devices within range may place VoIP calls.
The selection algorithm may be configured to select a first user-defined routing algorithm for routing VoIP calls to or from a high-traffic conference/event. The selection algorithm may define a set of criteria to identify calls to/from the high-traffic conference/event. For example, the selection algorithm may be configured to only use the first user-defined routing algorithm for routing VoIP calls to/from VoIP devices within a specified geographic region for the event and which occur within a specified date or time range for the event.
In some embodiments, a routing policy for an account may be configured to route emergency calls differently for high-traffic events. For instance, a large event (e.g. a sporting event, concert or convention) may have a local emergency dispatch 160 for coordinating efforts of security officers, health emergency medical technicians and/or other emergency first responders. In some implementations, a routing policy may direct the VoIP servers to route emergency calls originating from the high-traffic event to the central office which may be able to respond to the emergency more quickly than the normal emergency dispatch.
In some implementations, the routing policy may specify a set of VoIP-enabled devices assigned to emergency and security personal. The control circuit may direct the VoIP servers to prioritize routing of VoIP calls from the set of VoIP-enabled devices assigned to emergency and security personnel over other VoIP calls.
In some embodiments, the control server may allocate resources of the VoIP servers based on the routing policy for each account. For example, in some implementations, a routing policy for an account may indicate a geographic region and time for a high-traffic event and may request a number of VoIP servers be dedicated for routing VoIP calls to/from VoIP devices located at the high-traffic event. In some embodiments, the VoIP servers may be cloud-based servers that may be provisioned as needed to satisfy the resource allocation requests indicated in the routing policy of an account.
FIG. 2 shows a process for routing VoIP calls in accordance with one or more embodiments. In response to a VoIP call 202 to/from a VoIP device, an account associated with the device is determined at block 204. If no routing policy is specified for the determined account, decision block 206 directs the process to route the VoIP call using a default routing policy at block 208. For example, the process may be configured to use a lowest-cost routing algorithm if a custom routing policy is not specified for the account. Otherwise, if a routing policy is specified for the determined account, the process is directed to block 210. At block 210, the process uses a selection algorithm indicated in the routing policy to select a routing algorithm indicated in the routing policy. At block 212, the VoIP call is routed using the selected routing algorithm.
The selection algorithms may employ various criteria to determine which routing algorithm is to be selected. For example, the selection of the routing algorithms may be based on, for example, VoIP device ID, geolocation of the VoIP device, data or time of the VoIP call, destination number of the VoIP call, and/or carrier preference. In some implementations, the selection algorithm may prioritize the routing algorithms indicated in a routing policy and specify criteria indicating when each of the routing algorithms should be used. The selection algorithm may select the highest priority routing algorithm for which criteria is satisfied.
FIG. 3 shows an example process for selecting a routing algorithm to use for routing VoIP calls. At block 302, the routing algorithm having the highest priority is initially selected. Criteria for use of the selected routing algorithm are determined at block 304. If the criteria are satisfied, decision block 306 directs the process to route the VoIP call using the selected routing algorithm at block 308. If the criteria are not satisfied, decision block 306 directs the process to decision block 310. If the selected algorithm is not the last algorithm, decision block 310 directs the process to select the next highest priority routing algorithm at block 314. Criteria for the selected routing algorithm is again determined at block 304 and analyzed at decision blocks 306 and 310. The process continues in this manner until criteria for one of the routing algorithms is satisfied at block 306. If criteria are not satisfied for any of the routing algorithms, decision block 310 directs the process to block 312, where the VoIP call is routed using the default routing algorithm.
Consistent with various embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and/or 3, in some embodiments the criteria for selection of routing preferences may be configured by an authorized user of an account via a graphical user interface (GUI). In some implementations, an individual user may be able to adjust one or more routing preferences for a telecommunication device of the account that is assigned to the user. For example, the GUI may include a settings menu where a user can choose preferences for how (s)he wishes the application to place outbound and inbound calls. The settings menu may include a set of preferences for placing outbound calls. The preference may include, for example, options to,
1. Always prompt the user for how that call should be placed;
2. Always use Wi-Fi/Mobile data connections to route the call as a VoIP/data call; or
3. Always use a cellular voice connection to route the call.
Similarly, the settings menu may include a set of preferences for receiving inbound calls. The preference may include, for example, options to,
1. Always use Wi-Fi/Mobile data connections to receive the call; or
2. Always receive the call as a cellular voice call.
In some embodiments, the GUI may include another settings menu (e.g., in an “Advanced” tab) providing a mechanism for an authorized user to adjust how 911 calls are routed. The settings may be adjusted to route a 911 call as a regular cellular 911 call (e.g., using geo/antenna information for the cellular network), to route the 911 call as a regular VoIP 911 call (using static location information for that business account to route the call back over the landline 911 network), or to route 911 calls using a customized 911 routing specified for a high-traffic event. The 911 call routing preference overrides the outbound or inbound routing preferences set by a user. In some embodiments, an authorized user, such as an account manager, may specify routing criteria/preferences having a higher priority than routing criteria/preferences set by an individual user of the account. Thus, in routing of calls to and/or from devices included in the account, higher priority criteria/preferences set by the account manager would override conflicting criteria/preferences set by an individual user.
Various blocks, modules or other circuits may be implemented to carry out one or more of the operations and activities described herein and/or shown in the figures. In these contexts, a “block” (also sometimes “logic circuitry” or “module”) is a circuit that carries out one or more of these or related operations/activities (e.g., configuring VoIP servers, selection routing algorithms, or routing VoIP calls). For example, in certain of the above-discussed embodiments, one or more modules are discrete logic circuits or programmable logic circuits configured and arranged for implementing these operations/activities, as in the blocks/modules shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3. In certain embodiments, such a programmable circuit is one or more computer circuits programmed to execute a set (or sets) of instructions (and/or configuration data). The instructions (and/or configuration data) can be in the form of firmware or software stored in and accessible from a memory (circuit). As an example, first and second modules include a combination of a CPU hardware-based circuit and a set of instructions in the form of firmware, where the first module includes a first CPU hardware circuit with one set of instructions and the second module includes a second CPU hardware circuit with another set of instructions.
Certain embodiments are directed to a computer program product (e.g., nonvolatile memory device), which includes a machine or computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions which may be executed by a computer (or other electronic device) to perform these operations/activities.
Based upon the above discussion and illustrations, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that various modifications and changes may be made to the various embodiments without strictly following the exemplary embodiments and applications illustrated and described herein. For example, though aspects and features may in some cases be described in individual figures, it will be appreciated that features from one figure can be combined with features of another figure even though the combination is not explicitly shown or explicitly described as a combination. Such modifications do not depart from the true spirit and scope of various aspects of the invention, including aspects set forth in the claims.

## Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:
one or more VoIP servers, each configured and arranged to route VoIP calls to and from a plurality of VoIP-enabled devices via a network including a plurality of network paths, each of the plurality of VoIP-enabled devices associated with a respective client account of a plurality of client accounts;
a control circuit communicatively connected to the one or more VoIP servers and configured and arranged to, for each client account, direct the one or more VoIP servers to route VoIP calls using a respective routing policy indicating a set of routing algorithms and a selection algorithm, wherein for each of the routing algorithms in the set of routing algorithms, the selection algorithm indicates a subset of a set of criteria to be satisfied for routing algorithm to be selected; and
the control circuit and the communicatively-connected one or more VoIP servers being configured and arranged, in response to the respective routing policy for the client account and for each VoIP call with the VoIP-enabled devices associated with the client account, to select one of the set of routing algorithms indicated in the routing policy based on and by using the selection algorithm and the set of criteria including geographic origin of the VoIP call, and select network paths of the network using the selected routing algorithm and, in response, cause the VoIP call to be routed over the selected network paths.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein for at least one client account the respective set of routing algorithms indicated in the routing policy includes:
a first routing algorithm for VoIP calls originating from a first geographic area; and
a second routing algorithm for VoIP calls originating from outside the first geographic area.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein for at least one account the selection algorithm is further configured and arranged to select the one of the plurality of routing algorithms as a function of time or date of the VoIP call.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein for at least one client account the respective set of routing algorithms indicated in the routing policy includes:
a first routing algorithm that routes VoIP calls according to cost of the available routes, and
a second routing algorithm that routes VoIP calls according to a service provider associated with a VoIP-enabled device initiating the VoIP call.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein for at least one account the respective routing policy indicates a time range and geographic region of an event and specifies one of the set of routing algorithms to be used for routing VoIP calls to and from the event.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein for VoIP calls originating within the geographic region, the respective routing policy for the least one account:
directs the one or more VoIP servers to route emergency calls made outside of the time range to a first 911 call center; and
directs the one or more VoIP servers to route emergency calls made within the time range to a second 911 call center.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the control circuit is further configured and arranged to:
during the time range of the event, assign a first number of the one or more VoIP servers for routing of VoIP calls to and from the VoIP-enabled devices associated with the at least one client account; and
outside of the time range of the event, assign a second number of the one or more VoIP servers for routing of VoIP calls to and from the VoIP-enabled devices associated with the at least one client account, the first number being larger than the second number.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the control circuit is further configured and arranged to:
during the time range of the event, configure the one or more VoIP servers to only route VoIP calls to and from VoIP-enabled devices associated with the at least one client account.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control circuit is further configured and arranged to:
provide an internet-based graphical user interface (GUI); and
modify the respective routing policy for the client account in response to input of an authorized user of the account via the GUI.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the subset of criteria to be satisfied further includes criteria selected from the group consisting of: VoIP device ID, geolocation of the VoIP-enabled device, data or time of the VoIP call, destination number of the VoIP call, carrier preference, and a combination thereof.

11. A method comprising:
for each of a plurality of VoIP-enabled devices, in a response to a VoIP call to or from the VoIP-enabled device:
determining one of a plurality of client accounts that is associated with the VoIP-enabled devices, each of the plurality of client accounts having a respective routing policy indicating a respective set of routing algorithms;
using a selection function indicated in the routing policy of the determined one of plurality of client accounts, selecting one of the set of routing algorithms based on a set of criteria including geographic origin of the VoIP call; and
routing the VoIP call through a network by selecting network paths according to the selected one of the set of routing algorithms.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein for at least one of the client accounts, the respective routing policy indicates:
a first routing algorithm configured to route VoIP calls originating from a first geographic area; and
a second routing algorithm configured to route VoIP calls originating from outside the first geographic area.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein for at least one account, the selection algorithm indicated in the routing policy for the account is configured to select the one of the plurality of routing algorithms as a function of time or date of the VoIP call.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein for at least one account the set of routing algorithms indicated in the routing policy includes
a first routing algorithm that routes VoIP calls according to cost of the available routes; and
a second routing algorithm that routes VoIP calls according to a service provider associated with a VoIP-enabled device initiating the VoIP call.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein for at least one account the respective routing policy indicates a time range and geographic region of an event and specifies one of the corresponding set of routing algorithms to be used for routing VoIP calls to and from the event.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein for VoIP calls originating within the geographic region of the event:
the respective routing policy directs one or more VoIP servers to route emergency calls made outside of the time range to a first 911 call center; and
the respective routing policy directs the one or more VoIP servers to route emergency calls made within the time range to a second 911 call center.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the second 911 call center is located within the geographic region of the event.

18. The method of claim 15, further comprising for each of the plurality of client accounts, configuring a respective subset of a plurality of VoIP servers to route VoIP calls to or from ones of the VoIP-enabled devices that are associated with the client account according to the respective routing policy.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the configuring of the respective subset of a plurality of VoIP servers includes configuring at least one of plurality of VoIP servers to only route VoIP calls to and from the event during the time range indicated by the event.

20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:
providing an internet-based graphical user interface (GUI); and
modifying the routing policy in response to input of an authorized user via the GUI.