Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic 

Data-Collection and Support Activities on 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 1994-97

By David V. Claar and Michael R. Lilly

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Open-File Report 99-80

Prepared in cooperation with the

U.S. ARMY ALASKA

U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS, ALASKA DISTRICT

Fairbanks, Alaska 

1999
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

Charles G. Groat, Director

Use of trade names in this report is for identification 

purposes only and does not constitute endorsement 

by the U.S. Geological Survey.

For additional information:

District Chief

U.S. Geological Survey

4230 University Drive, Suite 201

Anchorage, AK 99508-4664

http://ak.water.usgs.gov

Copies of this report may be purchased from:

U.S. Geological Survey 

Branch of Information Services 

Box 25286 

Denver, CO 80225-0286
CONTENTS

Abstract ............................................................ 1

Introduction ............................................................ 1

Objectives and Scope of Work ............................................ 2

Project Location and Background.......................................... 3

Geohydrology of the Fairbanks area ............................................ 3

Geology ............................................................ 3

Geohydrology ......................................................... 4

Hydrology ............................................................ 5

Project Approach........................................................... 5

Environmental and Geohydrologic Reports .................................. 5

Data Archiving ........................................................ 11

Geohydrologic Assessment............................................... 13

Characteristics of Surf ace-Water Conditions ............................. 13

Characteristics of Ground Water and Ground-Water Levels ................. 13

Field Procedures, Data Collection, and Analyses .................................. 15

Installation of Monitoring Wells........................................... 15

Hydrologic Data Collection and Analyses ................................... 15

Ground-Water Sites Field Inventory.................................... 15

Ground-Water Level Measurements.................................... 16

Collection.................................................... 16

Processing.................................................... 17

Analysis ..................................................... 18

Quality-Assurance Methods...................................... 18

Continuous Ground-Water Level Measurements .......................... 18

Data Loggers.................................................. 18

Pressure Transducers ........................................... 19

Collection.................................................... 19

Processing.................................................... 21

Analysis ..................................................... 21

Quality-Assurance Methods...................................... 21

Surface-Water Discharge and Level Measurements........................ 22

Collection.................................................... 22

Processing.................................................... 22

Analysis ..................................................... 23

Quality-Assurance Methods...................................... 23

Survey Methods and Analysis......................................... 23

Collection.................................................... 23

Processing.................................................... 26

Quality-Assurance Methods...................................... 26

Field Notebooks ................................................... 26

Equipment Calibration .............................................. 27

Data Validation, Reduction, and Reporting .............................. 27

Contents III
Project Organization and Responsibility ......................................... 27

Deliverables ............................................................ 28

Schedule ............................................................ 28

Deviations from Workplan ................................................... 29

References Cited ........................................................... 30

Appendix A: Maps of the Study Area ........................................... 33

Appendix B: Project Staff Descriptions and U.S. Geological Survey Position Descriptions . 43

Appendix C: Fort Wainwright Environmental References ........................... 61

Appendix D: Ground-Water Site Inventory Field Listing............................ 105

Appendix E: USGS Hydrologic Field and Analysis Forms and CR10 Datalogger Programs 109

FIGURES

1. Map showing location of Fairbanks, Alaska, and the Fort Wainwright

study area .......................................................... 2

2. Water-table map for the Fairbanks and Fort Wainwright area showing 

ground-water levels during a period of low stage in the Chena and 

Tanana Rivers near Fairbanks, Alaska.................................... 6

3-6. Graphs showing:

3. Monthly mean discharges for the study period and mean monthly

discharges for the period of record for the Chena and Tanana Rivers...... 8

4. Simulated water-table profiles for June 24 to 29, 1995................. 9

5. Simulated water-table profiles for June 29 to July 4, 1995 .............. 10

6. Example of a hydrograph from a continuously measured ground-water well 20

7. Sketch of an example of a differential-level line survey ...................... 24

8. Diagram of a typical ground-water monitoring well ......................... 25

TABLES

1. Reported values of geohydrologic properties for the aquifer................... 4

2. Selected ground-water data components in GWSI, with example entries ......... 12

3. Surface-water data collection sites in downstream order, Fort Wainwright,

Alaska, study area.................................................... 14

4. Field equipment and supplies required for ground-water level measurements ..... 17

IV Contents
CONVERSION FACTORS, VERTICAL DATUM, AND ABBREVIATIONS

Multiply By To obtain

inch (in.)

foot (ft)

mile (mi)

acre

square foot (ft2)

square mile (mi2)

Length

2.54

0.304

1.609

Area A tvao

0.407

0.0929

2.590

centimeter

meter

kilometer

hectare

square meter

square kilometer

pound per square inch (lb/in2) 6.895

Hydraulic Conductivity 

foot per day (ft/d) 0.3048 

foot per day (ft/d) 0.00035 

Conductance

foot squared per day (ft2/d) 0.0929

kilopascal

meter per day 

centimeter per second

meter squared per day

Physical and Chemical Water-Quality Units:

Temperature: Water and air temperature are given in degrees Celsius (°C) and in degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Degrees 

Celsius can be converted to degrees Fahrenheit by use of the following equation: 

°F=1.8(°C) + 32

Specific electrical conductance (conductivity): Conductivity of water is expressed in microsiemens per centimeter at 

25°C (jLiS/cm). This unit is equivalent to micromhos per centimeter at 25°C.

Milligrams per liter (mg/L) or micrograms per liter (|ig/L): Milligrams per liter is a unit of measurement indicating the 

concentration of chemical constituents in solution as weight (milligrams) of solute per unit volume (liter) of water. 

One thousand micrograms per liter is equivalent to one milligram per liter. For concentrations less than 7,000 mg/L, 

the numerical value is the same as for concentrations in parts per million.

Millivolt (mv): A unit of electromotive force equal to one thousandth of a volt.

Vertical Datum: In this report, "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929), 

a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, 

formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929. For all recent and current hydrologic investigations in the Fort Wainwright 

and Fairbanks areas, the USGS uses the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (1966) data.

Horizontal Datum: The horizontal datum for all locations in this report is the North American Datum of 1927. The 

U.S. Army typically uses local coordinate systems for each installation. These coordinates are converted to state-plane 

coordinates and latitude and longitude.

Contents V
Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols Used in this Report:

AEC U.S. Army Environmental Center

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

atm atmospheres

BTEX benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes

C chemistry data

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

COE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District

CRREL Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory

DMM digital voltage multi-meter

DODEC Department of Defense Environmental Conservation Program

DPW Department of Public Works

e-tape electric tape

GWSI Ground-Water Site Inventory

IDW investigation-derived waste

NWIS National Water Information System

OU Operable Unit

P partial pressure of gas

ppm parts per million

PVC polyvinylchloride

Q discharge

QA quality assurance

Qd daily discharge

Qm miscellaneous discharge

QWDATA Quality of Water Data database

ROD Record of Decision

R resistance

S stage

SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act

SS stainless steel

T temperature

USARAK U.S. Army Alaska

USGS U.S. Geological Survey

UAF University of Alaska Fairbanks

V volume

WWW World Wide Web

VI Contents
Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic 

Data-Collection and Support Activities on 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 1994-97

By David V. Claar and Michael R. Lilly

Abstract

The U.S. Army Alaska is responsible for environmental activities on Fort Wainwright near 

Fairbanks, Alaska. In order to better meet the needs of environmental investigations, the Army 

requires geohydrologic information about the Fort Wainwright area. Since 1994, the U.S. Geological Survey has been working in cooperation with the U.S. Army Alaska and the U.S. Army Corps 

of Engineers to investigate the geohydrology of the Fort Wainwright area. The primary objectives 

of the study are to collect basic ground-water and surface-water data and to support ongoing environmental investigations by other agencies. This report is the workplan describing the technical 

methods used by the USGS to meet these objectives. It includes details on field procedures, data 

collection, and analyses of water samples.

INTRODUCTION

Workplans have become a common requirement for most hydrologic investigations. This is 

especially true for investigations related to environmental water-resource programs. Current quality-assurance (QA) practices for U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) ground-water projects are 

reported by Brunett and others (1997). The incorporation of workplans in general hydrologic 

investigations is outlined by Schroder and Shampine (1992) and Shampine and others (1992). Most 

of the historical hydrologic methods of the USGS are reported in Techniques of Water-Resources 

Investigation reports and in individual interpretive reports.

The USGS has been studying the hydrology of the Fairbanks area since 1907 (Prindle, 1908). 

Cederstrom first described ground-water conditions in 1950 and again in 1963 (Cederstrom, 1952, 

1963). Ground-water conditions in permafrost areas are described by Cederstrom and others 

(1953). Anderson (1970) wrote the only geohydrologic report on the Tanana Basin. Nelson (1978), 

Krumhardt (1982), and Downey and Sinton (1990) reported additional geohydrologic investigations. The overall history of USGS investigations, data-collection methods, and archiving provide 

a foundation for quality hydrologic interpretations and for meeting the needs of current environmental projects.

The U.S. Army Alaska (USARAK) command is responsible for the environmental activities 

on Fort Wainwright, Alaska (fig. 1). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District (COE), is 

the primary logistical agency for USARAK. The USGS has been working in cooperation with 

USARAK and COE since 1994, investigating the geohydrology of the post-wide area. The primary 

data-collection objectives have been the support of smaller scale environmental investigations on 

Fort Wainwright by environmental contractors, various Federal agencies, and the University of 

Alaska. The USGS objectives on Fort Wainwright have also included data collection and studies 

coordinated with other USGS projects.

INTRODUCTION 1
urso-

 OM Irwn U.S. C^logteol Stmwf. TolfbMMn O-2 (ME. HW. SW. S£). AJmk*. 1:25.000. 1M2.

Figure 1. Location of Fairbanks, Alaska, and the Fort Wainwright study area.

Objectives and Scope of Work

The primary objectives of this project are (1) collection of basic ground-water and surfacewater data, (2) evaluation of the geohydrology underlying the Fort Wainwright main post area, and 

(3) support of ongoing environmental investigations by other State and Federal agencies, universities, and private contractors as directed by USARAK and COE.

The primary purpose of this report is to describe the technical methods used, schedules followed, and deliverables produced by the USGS to meet the project objectives. Selected information and data pertinent to current investigations on Fort Wainwright are also included.

2 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
Project Location and Background

Fort Wainwright is located in interior Alaska, approximately 100 mi (160 km) south of the 

Arctic Circle. The main post area is adjacent to and east of the City of Fairbanks (fig. 1) and within 

the Fairbanks D-2 SE quadrangle. Fort Wainwright includes a main post area and adjacent, or 

nearby, training areas. The USGS investigations are focused on the main post area. This area is 

bounded on the north by Birch Hill, on the south by the Tanana River, and on the west by the Steese 

Highway.

Ladd Army Air Field was the original name of the installation when it was first established 

as a cold-weather testing facility in 1938 (Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993). It expanded at the 

outbreak of World War II and was the pickup point for transferring aircraft to Russia during the 

Lend-Lease Program. The name of the installation was changed to Ladd Air Force Base in 1947. 

The installation expanded again after World War II during the cold war. The installation was 

renamed in 1961 to Fort Wainwright and currently serves as a major training facility for the Army.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) placed Fort Wainwright on the Superfund National Priorities List (NPL) on August 30, 1990 (Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993). 

Environmental Superfund programs are covered under the Comprehensive Environmental 

Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). Various environmental sites are covered 

by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). The data-collection and interpretive efforts of this project are prioritized to directly benefit Fort Wainwright's environmental 

programs.

GEOHYDROLOGY OF THE FAIRBANKS AREA

Geology

The western and central Tanana Basin is bounded on the north by the Yukon-Tanana Upland, 

and on the south by the Alaska Range. Fort Wainwright is located at the southern edge of the 

upland. Anderson (1970) described various geohydrologic map units for the Tanana Basin and 

defined the basin fill near the Tanana River as a flood-plain alluvium unit. Pewe and others (1976) 

describe this unit as the Chena Alluvium formation in the Fairbanks and Fort Wainwright areas. 

The Chena Alluvium is composed of alternating sands and gravel deposited by the Tanana River. 

The sedimentary facies of the Chena Alluvium are laterally and vertically discontinuous, as are 

typical of braided rivers (Rust, 1978).

The alluvial plain deposits have been reported to be more than 600 ft thick (183 m) by Glass 

and others (1996). Pewe (1958) reported a depth to bedrock of 675 ft (206 m) south of Fairbanks. 

Andreasen and others (1964) estimated a 2,000-ft (610-m) bedrock depth south of Fairbanks, on 

the basis of aeromagnetic surveys. Little is known about the surface of the underlying contact 

between bedrock and alluvium. Numerous intrusives and hills made up of schist and other YukonTanana terrane units project out of the alluvial deposits (Newberry and others, 1996; Pewe, 1958; 

Robinson and others, 1990). These structural features of the basin indicate that the interface 

between bedrock and alluvium is not a simple boundary. It is possible that some bedrock highs are 

not exposed above the alluvial land surface.

GEOHYDROLOGY OF THE FAIRBANKS AREA 3
The occurrence of permafrost in the Fairbanks area has been described by Pewe and Bell 

(1975), and in selected areas of Fort Wainwright by Lawson and others (1993, 1994). The permafrost at depth in the Chena Alluvium in the Fort Wainwright area has not been described in enough 

detail to define its post-wide occurrence.

Geohydrology

Recent studies by Claar and Lilly (1995, 1997), Kriegler and Lilly (1995), and Jackson and 

Lilly (1996) have coordinated geohydrologic data collection in the Fairbanks area across investigation boundaries. The data help better understand the overall geohydrologic system, including the 

geohydrology of the Fort Wainwright study area. An understanding of the large-scale hydrologic 

system is important when describing the processes affecting site-scale ground-water contamination 

and transport (Lilly and others, 1996). Factors such as the vertical gradients are important for 

understanding the transport of ground-water solutes from a source area. Data from the Fairbanks 

Railroad Industrial Area indicate that the vertical gradients are upward near the Chena River, 

except during rapid stage changes.

Aquifer properties for the Chena Alluvium have been reported by a variety of different 

sources. The results of a recent aquifer analysis (Nakanishi and Lilly, 1998) are shown in table 1. 

This analysis provided results at a scale that can be applied to the Fort Wainwright area.

Table 1. Reported values of geohydrologic parameters for the aquifer

[Data from Nakanishi and Lilly, 1998; ft/d, foot per day; ft2/d, foot squared per day; m/d, meter per day;

m2/d, meter squared per day]

Parameter

Riverbed conductance

Chena Alluvium

Vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kv)

Horizontal hydraulic conductivity (K^)

Anisotropy (Kv/Kf,)

Specific yield (Sy)

Specific storage (Ss)

Diffusivity (Kh/Sy)

Bedrock

Vertical hydraulic conductivity (Kv)

Horizontal hydraulic conductivity (K^)

Specific storage (Ss)

Estimated value corrected for river geometry effects

Inch-pound unit

350 ft2/d

20 ft/d

400 ft/d

1:20

^.25

a l x 10"6

2,400 ft/d

^.005 ft/d

"0. 10 ft/d

a l x lO'7

SI unit

33 m2/d

6 m/d

122 m/d

1:20

^.25

a l x 10'6

732 m/d

a0.002 m/d

a0.03 m/d

a l x 10'7

aassumed value, not estimated by calibration

Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
Hydrology

sy

The Tanana Basin, upstream from Fairbanks, has a drainage area of about 20,000 mi (51,800 

km2) (Glass and others, 1996). The average annual precipitation for the period of record from 1961 

to 1994 is 10.95 in. (27.8 cm) of water equivalent (Plumb and Lilly, 1996). The quantity of water 

equivalent in the snowpack varies because of differences in vegetation, slope aspect, and elevation. 

Plumb and Lilly (1996) reported water equivalents for the Fairbanks and Fort Wainwright areas for 

the spring of 1995. The water equivalence of the snowpack available for recharge at the beginning 

of snowmelt ranges from 4.5 in. (11.4 cm) to 5.9 in. (15.0 cm) of water, or about half of the average 

annual precipitation.

Ground-water flow directions follow the land-surface slope in most of the alluvial plain 

(fig. 2). Exceptions occur where the Chena and Tanana Rivers intersect the ground-water system. 

During periods of rapidly rising river levels in the Chena River, such as during spring thaw and 

periods of high rainfall (fig. 3), ground-water flow directions are reversed and water flows from the 

Chena River into the ground-water system. In contrast to that of the Chena, the stage of the Tanana 

River rises primarily during mid-summer, when glacial melt and high elevation snowmelt is at a 

maximum (Glass and others, 1996). Stage changes in the Chena River are typically more transient 

than those in the Tanana River. A simulation of a 1995 storm hydrograph (fig. 4) illustrates how 

ground-water flux directions are reversed as the Chena River stage changes. Once the surfacewater stage starts to decline, ground-water levels decline near the river bank, but continue to rise 

at greater distances from the bank (fig. 5).

PROJECT APPROACH

The project approach has been the collection and archiving of information on geohydrologic 

sites, and interpretation of the post-wide geohydrology to support environmental investigations. 

Monitoring wells were installed in the study area as part of previous and ongoing investigations by 

environmental programs. Selected wells and stage-measurement stations were chosen to measure 

the ground-water and surface-water levels in the area. Surface-water discharge-measurement stations have also been established to help investigate the interactions between the Chena and Tanana 

Rivers and the ground-water system in the alluvial plain. The information collected is available in 

the USGS offices in Fairbanks and Anchorage, and selected information is also available on the 

USGS World Wide Web (WWW) pages at http://ak.water.usgs.gov/.

Environmental and Geohydrologic Reports

Environmental reports and miscellaneous geohydrologic information are collected and 

archived at the USGS offices in Fairbanks. The reports are provided by COE and are assigned a 

report number when received. The archived reports contain information related to geohydrologic 

investigations, such as initial workplans, and interim and final interpretive reports. The report numbers do not indicate any association of author, type of report, or content, but only the order in which 

the reports are received and processed.

The general location of the area described in the report is plotted on a map (Appendix A, fig. 

Al). A numerical listing helps locate a report from the number (Appendix A, fig. Al). The alphabetical listing helps locate reports by author or organization. Project staff are required to be familiar

PROJECT APPROACH 5
147-571

640461

4 KILOMETERS

Figure 2. Water-table map for the Fairbanks and Fort Wainwright areas, showing ground-water 

levels during a period of low stage in the Chena and Tanana Rivers near Fairbanks, Alaska 

(from Glass and others, 1996).

6 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
64047-30'

R. 1 W. R. 1 E.

EXPLANATION

_438 Water-table contour Shows altitude of water table. Contour is 2 feet. Datum is sea level 

^15|c?5500 Stream-gaging station and number Number with decimal is Stage, in feet above sea level 

OLF"13 Water-level monitoring well and field identifier

Water-level monitoring well equipped with a continuous recorder and field identifier

10.66 Top number is water level, in feet below land surface; negative if water level was above 

432.6 land surface. Bottom number is water level, in feet above sea level

64°46I

J.F-11

PROJECT APPROACH 7
CHENA RIVER

8000

2 7000

o 

o

Hi

co 6000

tr LLI

t 5000

m

0 4000

5 

D 

U 3000

0 2000 

GC

<

O 1000 CO

Q

 48-year mean for the period of record

 monthly mean

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

TANANA RIVER

 23-year mean for the period of record

 monthly mean

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Figure 3. Monthly mean discharges for the study period and mean monthly discharges for the period of 

record for the Chena and Tanana Rivers. Period-of-record statistics are for water years (October through 

September)

Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska 

1994-97
UJ ft

CO 

UJ

tD

UJ

o

DC 

UJ

436

434

432

430

428

CHENA RIVER AT APPLE ROAD

4/1/95 5/1/95 6/1/95 7/1/95 8/1/95 9/1/95 10/1/95 11/1/95

440

438

436

UJ 

CO 

UJ ,434

O

CD

432

. UJ

UJ 428

426

424

Asce iding River-Stage Elevation

Sum atkxi Psramsters

Rivei jed Conductance, 500 ft /d 

Horizontal Hydraulic Conductivity, 600 ft/d 

Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity. 30 ft/d 

Specific Yield. 0.25

J_

FWM5756

Direction of Ground-Water 

Flux Near Chena River

6/26/95

6/27/95 

6/28/95 

6/29/95

I I

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 

DISTANCE FROM THE SOUTH BANK OF THE CHENA RIVER, IN FEET

10,000

Figure 4. Simulated water-table profiles for June 24 to 29,1995.

PROJECT APPROACH 9
u 436

s

CO

aj

I

iii 

u.

434

432

O 430

^

| 428

CHENA RIVER AT APPLE ROAD

4/1/95 5/1/95 6/1/95 7/1/95 8/1/95 9/1/95 10/1/95 11/1/95

OJ

440

438

436

| 434 

fc

Q '

432

430

428

426

424

Descending River-Stage Elevation

Riverbed Conductance. 

Horizontal Hydraulic Conductivity, 

Vertical Hydraulic Conductivity, ~ 

Specific Yield. 0.25

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 

DISTANCE FROM THE SOUTH BANK OF THE CHENA RIVER, IN FEET

10,000

Figure 5. Simulated water-table profiles for June 29 to July 4,1995.

10

1994-97

"S' Geologlcal Survey "ydro'ogic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska,
with the general nature of environmental and geohydrologic reports and the environmental programs on Fort Wainwright. Project staff must also be familiar with Fort Wainwright and have visited the installation to help locate reports properly. The minimum grade level for staff in this 

position is GS-5 (Appendix B). A listing of the reports, ordered numerically and alphabetically, is 

provided in Appendix C. The index in Appendix C lists 225 reports. A listing of the reports and 

various other technical references is also maintained on the project WWV7 site: 

http://ak.water.usgs.gov/. If the operable unit number is known, the report is assigned to that operable unit (OU). If there is no clear environmental program established in the report title, the closest 

OU number is used.

Data Archiving

The USGS maintains a distributed National Water Information System (NWIS) data base to 

hold hydrologic information from data-collection programs and interpretive investigations. Three 

of the main components of the NWIS system are the Ground-Water Site Inventory (GWfl) data 

base, the Automatic Data Acquisition and Processing (AD APS) database, and the Quality of Water 

(QWDATA) data base.

The GWSI data base mainly contains information about wells, seeps, and ponds o^ lakes. 

Information on the local numbering system used by the USGS in Alaska, and a list of selected 

codes for data entry specific to Fort Wainwright, are presented in Appendix D. A component list 

for all of the available fields in GWSI is given by Luckey and Rogers (1989), and also appears in 

Lilly and others (1995) and Claar and Lilly (1997). The distribution of standard monitoring wells, 

driven wells, and pumping wells in GWSI as of June 1997 is shown in Appendix A, fig. A2 and its 

insets A-H. The distribution of soil borings in GWSI as of June 1997 is shown in Appendix A, fig. 

A3. The sites shown in these illustrations represent the number of sites in the GWSI data base for 

this project. The type of data input for each site varies and depends on the priorities and data 

requests set by US ARAK and COE. The number of sites does not represent all geohydrologic sites 

on Fort Wainwright. The ongoing drilling and investigations are continuously adding more sites, 

and the past record is incomplete with respect to all of the various types of sites that exist on Fort 

Wainwright.

The USGS site-naming convention was adopted from the COE well-naming system with 

some modifications. All sites on Fort Wainwright that are standard monitoring wells, driven wells, 

pumping wells, or soil borings begin with FW. The third letter in the site name indicates the type 

of site: M indicates monitoring well, P indicates pumping well, D indicates driven well, and B indicates a soil boring. For many years, the COE has used a naming convention based on the type of 

drilling method, in which AP indicates power-auger drilling and AH indicates hand-augered sites. 

Following the AP or AH term is a sequential number indicating the order that the site was assigned 

a name. For example, FWM6070 (AP6070) is a monitoring well that is the 6070th power-auger 

site given a name on Fort Wainwright (table 2). The sequential numbers are equivalent in both the 

USGS and COE naming conventions. Driven wells did not have a pre-established uniform naming 

convention, so sequential numbers were assigned for those sites that were input into GWSI. Many 

of the water-supply wells on Fort Wainwright also were named in various formats, so the FWP term 

was added to the number used for the water-supply well for the wells that were processed. The minimum number of data elements needed to establish the site in GWSI is indicated in table 2 along 

with some of the more common fields used for data entry by this project.

PROJECT APPROACH 11
Table 2. Selected ground-water data components in GWSI, 

with example entries

[See Appendix D for more information]

Component 

number

Cl a

C2

C3

C4a

C5

C6a

C7a

C8

C9a

C10a

C12a

C14

C15

C23

C190

C191

C190

C191

C190

C191

C802a

C803a

C185

C185

Description

Site ID (station number)

Type of site

Record classification

Reporting agency

Project number

District code

State code

County code

Latitude

Longitude

Local well number

Name of location map

Scale of location map

Primary use of site

Other identifier

Assignor of other identifier

Other identifier

Assignor of other identifier

Other identifier

Assignor of other identifier

Station type

Agency use of site

Remarks-misc.

Remarks-misc.

Example input

645118147400701

W

C

USGS

FTWW1 ASH

02

02

090

645118

1474007

FC00100102DADD2

FAIRBANKS D-2SE

1:25,000

O

MW22

Hughes

AP6070

COE

FWM6070

USGS

NNNNNYN

A

OU3

Section A

Indicates minimum data fields needed to have site in data base

12 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
AD APS primarily contains continuous data for surface-water and ground-water sites. 

QWDATA primarily contains water-quality data collected by the USGS for ground water ?nd surface water. Information from these data bases may be obtained from USGS offices in Anchorage 

and Fairbanks, in addition to the USARAK Department of Public Works Environmental C cfice at 

Fort Wainwright and the COE Environmental Section Office in Anchorage.

Geohydrologic Assessment

The geohydrology of the Fort Wainwright area depends on three basin-wide compor°;nts of 

the hydrologic system:

1. The spatial and temporal distribution of recharge and evapotranspiration

2. The Chena and Tanana Rivers and associated sloughs

3. The ground-water and aquifer characteristics

The meteorological data needed for this study are primarily obtained from the ongoirg datacollection network maintained by the National Weather Service and various other State and Federal 

agencies. Links to climate forecasts and meteorological information can be found on the USGS 

WWW pages.

Characteristics of Surface-Water Conditions

Various USGS investigations have studied the characteristics of the Chena and Tanana Rivers. Locations of data-collection stations for the two rivers are shown in Appendix A, fig. A4. The 

type of surface-water data available for the stations is listed in table 3. Stage levels and discharge 

measurements have been collected for this project. The surface-water data are needed for trn interpretation of interactions between ground water and surface water for many of the envirormental 

projects on Fort Wainwright

Discharge measurements were made to determine the relative amounts of inflow to and outflow from the alluvial aquifer, from the east side of Fort Wainwright to the west side. The flow variation across Fort Wainwright is important in constraining the interpretation of ground-water and 

surface-water interactions for mass-inflow calculations, ground-water modeling calibration, and 

movement of ground water near the rivers.

Stage measurements of the Chena and Tanana Rivers are important for understanding the differences in ground-water levels caused by stage changes in the rivers. Sufficient stage measurements were made to generate regression relations between selected stations on the Chena and 

Tanana Rivers in the Fort Wainwright area, the Chena River at Fairbanks, and the Tanana Fiver at 

Fairbanks gaging stations, respectively. The use of these regression equations allows the estimation 

of a continuous stage record for various locations in the Fort Wainwright area. These data and estimates are of use to many Fort Wainwright environmental investigations.

Characteristics of Ground Water and Ground-Water Levels

Ground-water characteristics across Fort Wainwright are monitored by making ind; vidual 

ground-water and surface-water measurements. Some wells are equipped with pressure transducers for continuous measurements. The distribution of ground-water data-collection sites in the Fort

PROJECT APPROACH 13
Table 3. Surface-water data collection sites in downstream order, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska, study area

[C, chemistry data; S, stage data, Sed, sediment data; Qd, daily discharge data; Qi, instantaneous discharge data]

USGS site name3 Site location USGS station number Type of data

Chena River at Lowood Road Near 

North Pole

Chena River at Lakloey Hill 

Chena River at Bailey Bridge 

Chena River at Apple Road #2

Chena River at Apple Road 

Chena River at Trainer Road 

Chena River at River Road 

Chena River at Lagoon 

Chena River at Fort Wainwright 

Chena River at Fairbanks

Chena River at Wendell Street 

Chena River below MUS 

Chena River at Peger Road 

Chena River at University Avenue 

Chena River at Parks Highway 

Chena River at Pike's Landing

Chena River at Anderson Road below 

Pump House

Chena River at Mouth

Tanana River at Chena Pump Campground

Tanana River at Byers Island 

Tanana River at Tl

Tanana River at Fairbanks

Tanana River at Peger Road 

Tanana River at T3 

Tanana River at T4 

Tanana River at T5 

Tanana River at T6

Chena River at north end of Lowood Road

Chena River at north end of Dennis Road 

Chena River at Kinny Road and golf course

Chena River at Apple Road, northwest of Building 1070

Chena River at Apple Road 

Chena River at Trainer Gate railroad bridge 

Chena River at River Road bridge 

Chena River at boat ramp north of hospital 

Chena River at Fort Wainwright

Chena River at Steese bridge, downstream from 

bridge

Chena River at Wendell Street bridge 

Chena River below MUS 

Chena River at Peger Road bridge 

Chena River at University Avenue bridge 

Chena River at Parks Highway bridge 

Chena River at Pike's Landing

Chena River at Anderson Road below Pump 

House

Chena River at mouth

Tanana River at Chena Pump Road Campground

Tanana River at Byers Island

Tanana River at Tl, near current Tanana River 

at Fairbanks site

Tanana River south of Fairbanks International 

Airport

Tanana River at south end of Peger Road 

Tanana River on south side of Goose Island 

Tanana River T4C 

Tanana River T5C 

Tanana River T6C

15512150

15512200

15512700

15512790

15512800

15512900

15513100

15513200

645000147343000

15514000

15514001

15514003

15514004

15514016

15514018

15514020

15514020

15514060

15514470

644752147564800

644730147523400

15485500

15485495b

15485475

15485455

15485445

15485430

Q

S.Qi

S

S

S

S, Qi

S-C

C

S.Qd

S

S, Qi 

S, Qi, C 

S, Qi 

S Qi 

S.Qi 

S.Qi

S 

S

Sed 

Sed

S, Qd, C,

Sed

S, Qd, Qi 

C, Sed 

Sed 

Sed 

Sed

a"At Fairbanks, Alaska" is dropped from the site names

bStage and discharge data at station 15485495 were reported as station 15485500 before 1991

cFor location, see Appendix A, figure A4

14 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
Wainwright area is shown in Appendix A, fig. A5. Monthly ground-water levels in the continuously recorded wells are also measured manually to verify transducer measurements. Individual 

measurements at these sites may be delayed by winter snow conditions or other access problems. 

Monthly ground-water levels at selected wells were measured in 1994 and 1995. Ground-water 

level measurements were limited during 1996 to the continuous data-collection sites. Miscellaneous measurements are made at selected wells to address USARAK or COE data requests or 

USGS project objectives.

Ground-water levels will be measured in reference to a measurement point at the top of the 

well (see section "Ground-Water Level Measurements"). The well-measuring points will be tied 

into vertical and horizontal surveys established by the COE. Vertical surveys will be repeated in 

the summer of 1997 or as needed, to evaluate well movement caused by frost jacking and other 

problems related to well movement.

FIELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYSES

The procedures for installing monitoring wells, collecting and analyzing ground-water and 

surface-water data, installing continuous water-level recorders, and documenting field work are 

described in the following sections. Quality-assurance objectives and procedures are integrated 

throughout the sections below.

Installation of Monitoring Wells

Monitoring wells will be installed with standard augering techniques as described in American Society of Testing and Material (ASTM) Standards D5092-90 (ASTM, 1997a) and D1452-80 

(ASTM, 1997b). Where these methods do not apply, reports on the drilling activities will include 

methods specific to each site.

Hydrologic Data Collection and Analyses

Hydrologic data have been collected for USGS project objectives, in addition to supporting 

other agency and contractor objectives defined by USARAK and COE. The frequency of hydrologic data collection has fluctuated as specific questions concerning operable units were addressed. 

Monthly measurements were made across Fort Wainwright during the first two years of the project 

to gain an initial understanding of the installation-scale geohydrology. Current hydrologic datacollection efforts have become more focussed on the collection of continuous ground-water level 

measurements at key index sites being used by multiple environmental projects on Fort Wainwright. The procedures for the collection and analysis of hydrologic data are described in the following sections.

Ground-Water Sites Field Inventory

Ground-water sites have been located in the field to determine the geohydrologic characteristics of the area. Information obtained from the field inventory is archived in USGS data bases. 

Field measurements at each site inventoried describe the location of the site and characteristics 

about the site construction. If well and construction logs are available and match the site characRELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYPRS 15
teristics, they are referenced for information. Project personnel who inventory sites must be familiar with general ground-water monitoring-well characteristics, construction methods and the 

environmental programs in the respective field areas. Project staff will record all written information on the site, such as temporary well-driller's identification numbers, in bound field notebooks. 

Sites that have not been located in the field, but may have been destroyed at an earlier date, are 

input into the GWSI data base with a field indication that they have not been field checked. Sites 

found in an unusable condition are reported as destroyed. Well identification numbers (for example, FWM606, AP6060) are affixed to the site if the wells are not labeled. The minimum experience 

level for this activity is a GS-5 (Appendix B).

Ground-Water Level Measurements

Water levels have been measured monthly at Fort Wainwright beginning in 1994. All wells 

are measured within a three-day period during the winter and within a one- or two-day period in 

the summer. The measurement dates were coordinated between USGS and CRREL so that all measurements are made at approximately the same time each month. The collection of post-wide 

monthly measurements was reduced in 1996 and only continuously recorded sites and miscellaneous measurements to address specific USARAK or COE requests have been made since. The 

procedure for making these measurements is discussed in the following sections.

Collection

The general techniques as described in ASTM Standard D4750-87 (ASTM, 1997c) are used 

for measuring ground-water levels. The Fort Wainwright sites are classified as Hazard Level D, 

according to USEPA specifications. Members of the field crew wear rubber gloves while working 

at sites that have unknown water quality and at sites that reportedly are contaminated. A piezometer 

is unlocked and opened and a clean electric tape (e-tape) is turned on and set to a sensitivity of 3 

or 4 on a scale of 10. All wells are marked on the outer rim to indicate the measurement points. The 

e-tape is lowered into the well until a "beep" is heard, indicating that the probe is submerged in 

water, or until the bottom of a dry well is reached. The depth to water is determined by reading the 

value off the e-tape cable at the measuring point. It is important to measure depths accurately and 

consistently; readings are therefore consistently recorded at the initial sound of the beep. Measurements are repeated until consecutive readings are within 0.01 ft (~3 mm). All measurements are 

recorded in a field book and on a field-measurement and sampling form (Appendix E, fig. El), 

along with the sequential stop number, date, time, crew members, and site identification. After 

completing the measurement, the well is closed and locked.

Water levels at some wells may be measured with a weighted steel measuring tape rnd chalk. 

This method is generally used in areas with no record of ground-water contamination or for a site 

whose geochemical parameters will not be affected by small amounts of chalk material. Weighted 

steel tapes are also used to calibrate electric measuring tapes. Chalk is applied to the lover 2 to 3 

ft (-0.7 to 0.9 m) of the steel tape. The steel tape is then lowered into the well until the IOW~T section 

of the weighted tape is under water and part of the chalked section is wet. The tape is IHd to the 

measuring point for the well and a "hold" reading is recorded. The tape is then withdrawn back to 

the surface and the wetted limit indicated on the tape by the chalk, the "cut" mark, is recorded. This 

"cut" measurement is then subtracted from the "hold' measurement to give the depth to water 

below the reference mark. Equipment required for this work is listed in table 4.

16 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
Table 4. Field equipment and supplies required for ground-water level measurements

Tools and other materials Decontamination kit

Tools

Flathead screwdriver

Channel lock pliers

Hammer

Flush-mount well-cover wrench

Crescent wrench

Other materials 

Field books 

Location maps 

e-tape

Steel tape, for calibration of e-tape 

Keys to open wells 

Tubing, 15-20 ft (-4.6-6.1 m), that will fit down a well3

Tap water for rinse 1

Detergent/distilled water mixture for rinse 2

Deionized water for rinse 3

Methanol for rinse 4

Deionized water for rinse 5

Paper towels

Trash bags

Rubber gloves

Waste water container

Waste methanol container

Extra methanol container

aoptional; may be used to free e-tape if caught down a well

After each water level is measured, including individual measurements within piezometer 

nests, the part of the e-tape or steel tape exposed to ground water will be decontaminated as follows:

1. Immerse and swirl in a container of tap water

2. Immerse and swirl in a solution of detergent and distilled water

3. Rinse in distilled water

4. Rinse in a container of methanol

5. Rinse in deionized water and dry with a paper towel

6. Dispose of the paper towel in a plastic garbage bag

7. Change the water and methanol at the end of each monthly measurement,

or more often as necessary

Processing

Project staff transfer the individual water-level measurements from bound field notebooks to 

computer spreadsheets in the office. An example of a spreadsheet is shown in Appendix E (f g. E2). 

The project spreadsheets for individual sites are also being placed on the USGS WWW pages 

(http://ak.water.usgs.gov/) as an ongoing task throughout the project. The spreadsheets will not be

FIELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYSES 17
maintained, however, past the end of the project. The spreadsheets contain information on the 

depth of the well and screened intervals, if available, and elevation information for the measuring 

point used and land surface. The data are compared with the field notebooks once the data are input 

into the spreadsheets. The staff requirements for data entry require experience in making field measurements and general training about the characteristics of ground-water sites. The minimum experience level is a GS-5.

Analysis

Project staff transfer the individual water-level measurements from the spreadsheet to computer graphics programs for visual analysis of the data. The nature of the data changes and anomalous readings are recorded and any unusual changes in the data are brought to the attention of the 

project chief. This would include high or low values outside of the known range for the well in 

question or adjacent wells that have similar hydrologic trends. The staff requirements for data 

analysis require experience in making field measurements, general training about the characteristics of ground-water sites, and computer spreadsheets and graphical plotting programs. The minimum experience level is a GS-5.

Quality-Assurance Methods

Project staff compare water-level data with data from nearby sites and with the past record to 

look for potential data problems. The density of the overall field data-collection network should 

allow for cross comparisons between nearby sites. Any potential problems are brought to the attention of the project chief to determine the quality of the data and what corrective actions can be 

taken. When possible, additional field measurements are made to verify any data that are not within 

the expected ranges and types of hydrologic changes. Data are not eliminated completely unless an 

adequate reason for the error or anomaly can be determined. The staff requirements for data quality-assurance methods require experience in making field measurements, general training about the 

characteristics of ground-water sites, ground-water hydrology, and basic quality-assurance methods. The minimum experience level is a GS-5.

Continuous Ground-Water Level Measurements

Continuous ground-water levels have been measured at Fort Wainwright at various sites 

since 1994. The distribution of continuous sites from 1994 to 1997 is shown in Appendix A, fig. 

A5. The locations of currently monitored sites are indicated on the map. The procedure for making 

these measurements is discussed in the following sections.

Data Loggers

Data that are automatically collected will be stored on CR-10 data loggers (Campbell Scientific, Inc., Logan, Utah). The CR-10 data loggers have an accuracy for resistance measurements of 

0.015 percent of full scale bridge output and a voltage output range of 2.5 volts with a resolution 

of 0.67 millivolts. The input and output voltage accuracy is 0.2 percent of full scale rang^ at -25 to 

50 °C and 0.1 percent of full scale range at 0 to 40 °C. SM192 storage modules are used in combination with the data loggers. The SM192 has its own internal battery to store data in the event of a

18 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
power failure in the main data logger. It also extends the data-storage capabilities of the data-logger 

setup.

The data loggers may have from one to four pressure transducers attached to the system. The 

programs used for the various configurations are listed in Appendix E, as well as a listing of the 

wiring-connection standards to be used with the standard pressure transducers on Fort Wainwright. 

Project staff must be familiar with basic electrical measurements and trained on the use of all datalogger systems. This includes installation, maintenance, testing, and data retrieval. The minimum 

experience level is a GS-5.

Pressure Transducers

The pressure transducers used for the project are manufactured by Microswitch and are generally a 5 lb/in2 (-34.5 kPa) range sensor. The transducers used by the project are differential-gage 

sensors that require a vent tube to the surface and give a measure of the direct height of water over 

the sensor. The transducer housing was designed and built for this project and is used with the other 

coordinated geohydrologic projects in the Fairbanks area. A molding form is used to form the 

housing made from an injection-molding rubber. A piece of "red copper" pipe is used to help give 

more weight to the transducer housing, which aids in keeping the transducer cable straigl t when 

installed in a well. A 6-conductor cable, with a central vent tube is used with the transducers to 

connect the transducer, submerged in the well, with the data logger that is commonly installed 

above ground surface.

The transducers are tested before molding to make sure there are no breaks in the full-bridge 

readings on the pin connectors. The pin connectors of the transducer are then soldered to (H cable 

wiring, or a pin-connector adapter is used. A steady soldering temperature is maintained and a 

clamp is placed across the transducer pins to act as a heat sink when directly soldering to the pins. 

The cable is hooked up to the pins if the pin connector is used and the cable vent tube is inserted 

into the correct end of the pressure-transducer housing. The connection is sealed with a siliconrubber compound to prevent any leakage of the molding rubber, or water, between the vent tube 

and the transducer case.

Collection

Instrumentation of all continuously measured ground-water wells consists of an electronic 

data logger and a pressure transducer. Individual water-level measurements are also made at these 

wells to help calibrate and provide QA measures for the sites. Water-level measurements used to 

adjust the pressure-transducer readings are called calibration measurements. Individual measurements not used for calibration are used as check measurements to QA the continuous data. An 

example of a hydrograph from a continuously monitored well, with calibration and QA measurements, is shown in figure 6. Data are collected at a site using the following procedure:

1. Open well and measure two equivalent ground-water levels as described in 

the above sections

2. Note the condition of the battery, data logger date and time, and check 

instrumentation setup and wiring connections

HELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYSES 19
438

UJ 436

UJ

LU 

CO 

UJ

B 434

CD

<

IDUJ

 - 432

ILU

g 430

§ 428 

O

426

FWM7092 OBSERVATION WELL

DIFFUSIVITY SECTION E4 j 

SOUTH BANK OF CHENA RIVER 

10 FT FROM BANK, 66.2 FT DEPTH

CONTINUOUS RECORDER 

INDIVIDUAL MEASUREMENT 

CALIBRATION MEASUREMENT

3/1/95 6/1/95 9/1/95 12/1/95 3/1/96 6/1/96 9/1/96 12/1/96 3/1/97 6/1/97

Figure 6. Example of a hydrograph from a continuously measured ground-water well.

3. Record the intermediate-storage values from the data logger (Appendix E) 

from a key pad or field computer

4. Transfer ("download") the data from the data logger to a field computer

5. Compare current voltage readings and water-level measurements to determine if instrumentation is working properly at time of site visit

6. Replace battery if voltage is below 12.0 volts

7. Reset data logger to recording mode

8. Save data from field computer to computer disk for backup

9. Secure site before leaving

20 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
Processing

Project staff transfer the individual water-level measurements from bound field notebooks to 

computer spreadsheets in the office. An example of a spreadsheet is shown in Appendix E (fig. E2). 

Continuously recorded data are transferred from field computers to office computers and readings 

are converted from voltages to ground-water elevations. For the duration of the project, selected 

data can be found on the USGS WWW pages (http://ak.water.usgs.gov/), by following the links to 

projects. The spreadsheets contain information on the depth of the well and screened intervals, if 

available, elevation information for the measuring point used, and land-surface elevation. Continuous data are provided in separate spreadsheets, or other data-file formats, because of the fie sizes 

involved.

The individual water-level measurements are compared with those in the field notebooks 

once the data are input into the spreadsheet. The individual water-level measurements are then 

plotted with the continuously collected water-level measurements for comparison. The staff 

requirements for data processing require experience in making field measurements, basic electronics and data-logger operations, and general hydrology, and a review of the characteristics of 

ground-water changes in the Fort Wainwright area. The minimum experience level is a GF-5.

Analysis

Project staff transfer the individual water-level measurements from the spreadsheets to computer graphics programs for visual analysis of the data. The nature of the data changes and anomalous readings are recorded and any unusual changes in the data are brought to the attention of the 

project chief or other project staff at a GS-7 grade or higher. This would include high or low values 

outside of the known range for the well in question or adjacent wells that have similar hydtologic 

trends. Data that indicate diurnal fluctuations, rapid changes in water levels, or unchanging water 

levels would require further processing and review. The staff requirements for data analysis are 

experience in making field measurements, basic electronics and data-logger operations, general 

hydrology, and review of characteristics of ground-water changes in the Fort Wainwright area. The 

minimum experience level is a GS-5.

Quality-Assurance Methods

Project staff compare water-level data with data from nearby sites and with the past record to 

look for potential data problems. The density of the overall field data-collection network should 

allow for cross comparisons between nearby sites. Any potential problems are brought to th~- attention of the project chief, or project staff at a GS-7 or higher grade, to determine the quality of the 

data and what corrective actions can be taken. All corrections are brought to the attention of the 

project chief for final review. When possible, additional field measurements are made to verify any 

data that are not within the expected ranges and types of hydrologic variation observed in other 

sites. Data are not eliminated unless an adequate reason for the error or anomaly can be determined. 

Some data that may not be good for other purposes may be kept to show a general trend, or seasonal 

fluctuation. These data sets will have notations made in the electronic files to warn data users of 

potential usage problems. The staff requirements for quality assurance are experience in making 

field measurements, basic electronics and data-logger operations, and general hydrology, and a

RELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYSES 21
review of characteristics of ground-water changes in the Fort Wainwright area. The minimum 

experience level is a GS-5 with oversight by a GS-7 or higher hydrologist.

Surface-Water Discharge and Level Measurements

Surface-water discharge measurements were made following standard USGS methods 

described by Rantz and others (1982a,b). Discharge measurements are reported in th°. USGS 

annual data reports (U.S. Geological Survey, 1991-97) for Alaska and on the WWW at 

http://ak.water.usgs.gov/. General information and locations for the surface-water gaging stations 

are also available at this website.

Collection

Surface-water stations used in the Fort Wainwright area are shown in Appendix A, fig. A4. 

The data-collection stations on the Chena River include several different types of stage-measurement stations. The type of station, station number, and type of data collected are shown ir table 3. 

Most of the stations used temporary measurement points from which water levels have be^n measured with a tape, folding rule, or by leveling methods. Standard stage readings are repeated until 

two consecutive measurements are made within the target QA range of 0.02 ft (6 mm). If wave 

action or other conditions prohibit meeting the QA range, an estimate of the error is made and 

reported with the recorded readings.

Some sites are equipped with a wire-weight gage. The horizontal "check bar" is the main reference point for the wire-weight gage. A weight is attached by a metal braided cable to a reel. The 

reel has a counter that can be adjusted to a set reading. The counter is set to a predetermined number 

once the check bar is surveyed. The weight is lowered to the check bar to record a reading from the 

reference point. This is repeated until the measurements are consistent. The weight is then lowered 

to the river surface and a distance is again measured. The difference between the surveyed elevation of the check bar and distance to the river is the stage height. This measurement is repeated until 

the QA goals stated above are met. Care should be taken to watch for boaters going under bridges 

while making these measurements.

Processing

The data are transferred from bound field notebooks to the appropriate electronic computer 

files. AD APS is used for the calculations of discharge from the original field notes. The methods 

for this analysis are described in detail by Rantz and others (1982a,b). Stage measurements have 

been recorded in Excel spreadsheets and later archived in AD APS as miscellaneous measurements. 

The spreadsheets contain information on the location of temporary measuring points and reference 

marks, and benchmark data. The data are compared with those in the field notebooks once the data 

are input into electronic files. The staff requirements for data processing require experience in making field measurements, general surface-water hydrology, computer data-base training, ancf general 

training about the characteristics of surface-water sites on Fort Wainwright. The minimum experience level is a GS-5.

22 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
Analysis

The data are plotted and checked against past measurements. The range of stage change is 

compared with that at other similar surface-water sites. Relations such as the gradients between 

closest upstream and downstream sites are checked. Data that do not fall within the expected ranges 

are brought to the attention of higher grade project staff to determine if a data QA problem exists. 

The analysis of data for surface-water discharge computations is described by Rantz and others 

(1982a,b). The staff requirements for surface-water data analysis are experience in making field 

measurements, general surface-water hydrology, computer data-base training, and general training 

about the characteristics of surface-water sites on Fort Wainwright. The minimum experience level 

is a GS-5.

Quality-Assurance Methods

Project staff compare water-level data with data from nearby sites and with the past record to 

look for potential data problems. Data above or below historical ranges are re-verified. An)' potential problems are brought to the attention of the project chief to determine the quality of the data 

and what corrective actions can be taken. When possible, additional field measurements are made 

to verify any data that are not within the expected ranges and types of hydrologic change?. Data 

are not eliminated unless an adequate reason for the error or anomaly can be determined. Data that 

are suspect but may be valid are flagged for potential data users. The staff requirements for surfacewater data analysis are experience in making field measurements, general surface-water hydrology, 

computer data-base training, surface-water quality-assurance methods, and general training about 

the characteristics of surface-water sites on Fort Wainwright. The minimum experience level is a 

GS-5 for initial quality-assurance tests; final approval is usually done by a GS-7 or higher hydrologist.

Survey Methods and Analysis

The USGS makes field surveys to determine elevations and location of various hychologic 

features and to recheck well measuring-point elevations to meet project goals and timetables. The 

vertical datum used for the project objectives is the geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level 

Datum of 1929. All elevations in this project are referenced to the 1966 Fairbanks area benchmark 

survey by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey (1966).

Collection

Elevations of measuring or reference points at wells and at surface-water level measuring 

sites are needed to determine water-level elevations at different sites. Elevations of measurng and 

reference points shall be determined by leveling at a frequency sufficient to account for changes in 

elevations of the points caused by frost jacking. These elevations shall be determined by secondorder leveling during which all readings are made to the nearest 0.005 ft (-1.5 mm). Two Afferent 

techniques of level surveying are used for meeting project objectives. Differential level-line surveys (fig. 7) are used to determine the elevation of a desired measurement or second reference point 

from a known reference point using multiple instrument setups over a distance usually greater than 

300 ft. A second technique of level survey is the differential level radial survey. This method is

HELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYr*S 23
EXPANDED LEVEL NOTES

STATION

RM-I

TF>

RM-Z

B. S.

5.IZ4

6J86

-

HT. INST.

<?.05I

J3.473

r. s.

J.764

?.l 61

ELEVATION

3.1Z7

7.287

J/.3/J

REMAKES

//xsfr 

at

A

A

0

B

Establish // /

DeJerm. elev. T. f?

Delerm. new H. /.

Deterrr). e/fV. gfll'2.

Gage datum

Rodrdg 

5.124

Rod rdg. 

6.186

Re'1 rdg. 

2.162

RM-2 

Elev. 11.311

Turning point (T.P.) 

Etev. 7.287

CONDENSED LEVEL NOTES

9.051

Elev. 0.000

STATION

RM-I

TP

RM~2

B. S.

5.1 24

6.J66

HT. INST.

9- 051

13.473

F. S.

1.764

Z.I6Z

ELEVATION

3.1 27

7. 287

//.3ll

REMARKS

Figure 7. Example of a differential-level line survey (from Kennedy, 1990).

used when measurement and reference points are in close proximity and the level instrument can 

be set up in a central location with all survey locations visible.

In a differential level-line survey, the allowable closure between two measuring or reference 

points is calculated by multiplying 0.01 ft (~3 mm) by the square root of D/100, where D is the 

horizontal distance, in feet, between the two points. All reference and measurement locat; ons will 

be in level lines as turning points that begin and end on points whose elevations are known to an 

accuracy of 0.03 ft (-9 mm). The distances between all shots are balanced (that is, nearly equal 

distances between the foresight and back-sight distances) and less than 200 ft (-61 m) in length. 

Variations in these methods will be reported with the actual surveying data. Additional information 

on procedures to be followed during leveling is in Kennedy (1990).

In a differential level radial survey, the closure of shall be less than or equal to 0.007 ft (-2.1 

mm) multiplied by the square root of the number of turning points in the line. The initial rnd starting points are the same and at least one turning point is used by re-surveying all of the locations in 

the same order in which they were initially surveyed.

24 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
Three standard points are surveyed on a well: top of outer locking cover, casing water-level 

measuring-point elevation, and ground surface. An example of a typical monitoring well is shown 

in figure 8. The surveying crew will mark with a permanent marker the surveyed location? of the

Protective steel cover

4 inch diametet

5 ft. long

_ Well cover with lockable cap

Cement-gravel-sand mixture 

to secure well cover to ground

2" PVC casing (schedule 40)

NOTE: Wells finished below grade have top of cover finished at grade

Figure 8. Diagram of a typical ground-water monitoring well.

top of locking cover and the water-level measuring point. The surveyed ground-surface location 

should be generally representative of the ground elevation surrounding the site. The wateMevel 

measuring point is commonly the highest point of the casing for the monitoring well. The point 

should be well labeled and its location noted in the survey field notebooks for later quality-assurance verification. The distance, measured to the nearest 0.01 ft (~3 mm), between the top of the 

outer locking cover (most often steel) and the inner well casing (most often PVC) should be measured at the two labeled points. The point on the inner casing should be the water-level measuring 

point. Frost jacking of wells would seldom cause equal effects on both the outer locking cover and 

well casing. Once a difference from previous values is noted in the field, a new survey of the waterlevel measuring point and outer locking cover elevations should be planned. In the Fairbanks area,

HELD PROCEDURES, DATA COLLECTION, AND ANALYf "=S 25
many of the frost-jacking effects are observed after snowmelt and during infiltration and re-freezing in the active layer.

The staff requirements for survey-data collection require experience in making field survey 

measurements, survey instrumentation and instrument maintenance, and review of the COE surveying requirements for the Fort Wainwright area. The minimum experience level is a GS-5.

Processing

Field notes will be checked after each survey while in the field. After the level survey is completed, the field level notes will be entered into computer spreadsheets. The purpose of the spreadsheets is to check on the surveying data using the closures in the QA procedures outlined in the 

above section. The processed forms are then sent to the COE Surveying section for final QA 

review. Any elevation changes to measuring or reference points for monitoring wells will be input 

into GWSI data bases after surveying data are finalized. The staff requirements for survey-data processing are experience in making field survey measurements, survey instrumentation and instrument maintenance, and review of the COE surveying requirement for the Fort Wainwrght area. 

The minimum experience level is a GS-5 with oversight by a GS-7 or higher hydrologisf.

Quality-Assurance Methods

Project staff compare elevation data with those from past records to look for potential surveydata problems. Data above or below typical ranges of well movement are re-verified. The data are 

also rechecked to see if the above mentioned QA goals have been met. Survey errors commonly 

will be obvious when a ground-water or surface-water site has a water-level elevation that does not 

coincide with nearby measurements and known hydrologic conditions.

Any potential problems are brought to the attention of the project chief to determine the quality of the data and what corrective actions can be taken. When possible, additional field measurements are made to verify any data that are not within the QA range. The staff requirements for 

survey-data QA are experience in making field survey measurements, survey instrumentation and 

instrument maintenance, and QA practices, and a review of the COE surveying requirement for the 

Fort Wainwright area. The minimum experience level is a GS-5 with oversight by a GS-7 or higher 

hydrologist.

Field Notebooks

During all field activities, bound field notebooks will be used to keep detailed records. All 

pages of each notebook will be sequentially numbered. Information recorded in field notebooks 

will include:

 Site location; procedure/measurement performed; method used; date and 

time; names of those involved; all measurement results

 Date, time, battery voltage, and serial numbers of memory modules installed 

in or removed from data loggers

26 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
 Current field conditions, such as general weather, air temperature, stream 

stage, and other relevant ambient or antecedent conditions which may 

affect environmental variables or measurement of those variables

 Conditions measured on data logger or chart record

 Contacts with members of the public or military personnel while conducting 

field work; especially those contacts that relate to project activities, such as 

inquiries about what type of investigation is taking place

Equipment Calibration

 Calibrate electronic tapes used to measure water levels bimonthly with a 

steel tape

 Calibrate pressure transducers when they are functioning outside of their QA 

range using steel tape or e-tape measurements for comparison

 Record all calibration results in the bound field notebooks and/or bound 

instrument notebooks

Data Validation, Reduction, and Reporting

The data from the data loggers will be retrieved approximately monthly throughout the year. 

The data-collection retrieval interval may be longer during winter months when access to some 

sites is limited. Data will then be plotted to determine if they are reasonable. Ground-water levels 

will be compared to periodic manual measurements for verification. All reduced and compiled data 

will be checked by a second person. After review, data will be archived in USGS NWIS data bases.

PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY

The project staffing has varied each year according to the project objectives. Selected project 

staff information, including the technical qualifications for various positions, is available in 

Appendix B. The following staff was available for project objectives between October 1996 and 

September 1997:

Michael R. Lilly 1 , USGS, Project Chief: Responsible for project management and project 

coordination with COE and USARAK.

Stanley A. Leake, USGS, Research Hydrologist: Responsible for ground-water modeling and 

geohydrologic analysis.

David V. Claar, USGS, Hydrologist: Responsible for installing hydrologic instrumentation, 

collecting basic hydrologic field data, and archiving the hydrologic data base; analyses and interpretation; ground-water modeling support.

Robert L. Burrows assumed the duties of Project Chief for this project as of December 5, 1997.

PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIB" ITY 27
DELIVERABLES

The primary products from this work will be hydrologic data, reference information, and 

reports and technical papers describing the geohydrology of the Fort Wainwright area. Additional 

deliverables will include the following:

 Copies of all field notebooks will be turned in annually, or as requested by 

USARAK or COE

 Project updates will be submitted as described in the "Schedule" section

 Available data will be provided for specific areas on Fort Wainwright at the 

request of USARAK and COE

 Ground-water level information, technical reference lists, and associated 

data will be maintained on the WWW at http://ak. water, usgs.gov until the 

project is completed or terminated.

Reports, meeting presentations, and submissions to scientific and engineering jourrals will 

receive USARAK approval before publication or presentation. In addition, the USGS will respond 

to informal requests for information as needed. The priorities of data reporting and exchange will 

be coordinated through USARAK and COE.

SCHEDULE

This project began in February 1994, and has incorporated multiple project objectives each 

year. Project priorities during each year were set by USARAK or COE. Interim reports and technical presentations explaining the progress and status of the project will be submitted periodically 

at project meetings with the USARAK and COE. Selected project objectives and activities are outlined below to help give a history and current outline of project activities:

February 1994 to September 1996:

 Collection and archiving of environmental reports, well logs, and geotechnical information for Fort Wainwright for support of USGS technical 

objectives and USARAK contractors

 Maintenance of and data collection from individual ground-water sites

 Maintenance of and data collection from continuously monitored groundwater sites

 Vertical level surveying of ground-water monitoring wells

 Development of a three-dimensional ground-water flow model including the 

main post area of Fort Wainwright, as part of the sub-regional ground-water 

model. This will be published as a USGS report

 Technical presentations, electronic correspondence, and telephone conferences with USARAK, COE, and USARAK contractors

28 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
 Multiple presentations given at meetings at State professional associations 

attended by many of the contractors working on Fort Wainwright

 Drilling of water-level measurement wells to meet the objectives of the 

USGS sub-regional investigation

 Aquifer-analysis studies and associated draft reports reviewed by USARAK 

and COE. These studies were coordinated with US ARAK in OU3 and OU5

October 1996 to September 1997:

 Maintenance of and data collection from continuous ground-water data sites. 

Data sites will be visited monthly, except during winter months when site 

visits may be spaced up to three months apart

 Vertical leveling surveys of ground-water data-collection sites maintained 

by the USGS as needed to meet USGS project objectives or at the request 

of USARAK or COE. Surveying will be done within five working days 

from the request. The surveying requirements have been estimated to be 22 

staff days. Surveying for USGS data-collection sites will be done without 

notification to USARAK, or COE, as required by ongoing field work

 Support of USARAK environmental projects as directed by USARAK and 

COE, with a focus on ground-water modeling. Support requirements have 

been estimated at 24 staff days. Information preparation and exchanges will 

include basic data and help with interpretive efforts. This task will include 

technical meetings, electronic correspondence, and telephone conferences. 

The project hydrologists responding to these requests will have a minimum 

grade level of GS-11 for interpretive topics. Basic data questions and data 

transfer may be made by GS-5 to GS-9 hydrologists under the supervision 

of higher grade project staff

 Archiving and distribution of geohydrologic data collected by the USGS 

during 1996 and past years to USARAK and COE environmental contractors. Paper archives such as report references, graphical well logs, and site 

folders will be archived at the Fairbanks USGS offices. Electronic data and 

reports will be archived on USGS District computer systems located in 

Anchorage, Alaska. All continuous ground-water data through August 

1997, will be archived at the end of the project.

 Project updates will be provided orally at meetings with USARAK or COE, 

or written when requested by USARAK or COE

DEVIATIONS FROM WORKPLAN

Any deviations from this workplan, or from the methods described will be presented in 

interim reports or in final data or interpretive reports as needed. If procedural changes occur in the 

field, they will be recorded in the appropriate field notebook.

DEVIATIONS FROM WORKP AN 29
REFERENCES CITED

American Society for Testing and Materials, 1997a, Standard practice for design and installation of ground water monitoring wells in aquifers: Standard D5092-90, 04.09: West Conshohocken, 12 p.

American Society for Testing and Materials, 1997b, Standard practice for soil investigation and sampling by auger: 

Standard D1452-80 (1990), 04.08: West Conshohocken, 2 p.

American Society for Testing and Materials, 1997c, Standard test method for determining subsurface liquid levels in 

a borehole or monitoring well: Standard D4750-87 (1993), 04.08: West Conshohocken, 6 p.

Anderson, G.S., 1970, Hydrologic reconnaissance of the Tanana Basin, central Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Investigations Atlas HA-319, 4 sheets.

Andreasen, G.E., Wahrhaftig, C., and Zietz, I., 1964, Aeromagnetic reconnaissance of the east-central Tanana lowland: 

U.S. Geological Survey Geophysical Investigations Map GP-447, 3 p., 1 plate.

Brunett, J.O., Barber, N.L., Burns, A.W, Fogelman, R.P., Gillies, D.C., Lidwin, R.A., and Mack, T.J., 1997, A qualityassurance plan for district ground-water activities of the U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Surrey OpenFile Report 97-11, 21 p.

Cederstrom, D.J., 1952, Summary of ground-water development in Alaska, 1950: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 

169, 37 p.

Cederstrom, D.J., 1963, Water resources of the Fairbanks area, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 

1590, 84 p.

Cederstrom, D.J., Johnston, P.M., and Subitsky, S., 1953, Occurrence and development of ground water in permafrost 

regions: U.S. Geological Survey Circular 275, 49 p.

Claar, D.V., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks Internatioral Airport 

Area, Alaska, 1990-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-382, 155 p.

Claar, D.V., and Lilly, M.R., 1997, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks Internatioral Airport 

Area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 

97-597, 154 p.

Downey, J.S., and Sinton, P.O., 1990, Geohydrology and ground-water chemistry at a sub-arctic landfill, Fairbanks, 

Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 90-4022, 25 p.

Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Area wide community relations plan, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, Ecology and Environment Inc., variously paged.

Glass, R.L., Lilly, M.R., and Meyer, D.F., 1996, Ground-water levels in an alluvial plain between the Tanana and 

Chena Rivers near Fairbanks, Alaska, 1986-93: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 

96-4060, 39 p.

Jackson, M.L., and Lilly, M.R., 1996, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the University of Alaska Fairbanks Area, Alaska, 1992-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-416, 219 p.

Kennedy, E.J., 1990, Levels at streamflow gaging stations: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources 

Investigations, Book 3, Chapter A19, 31 p.

Kriegler, A.T., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Water-elevation, stream-discharge, and ground-water quality data in the Alaska 

Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, May 1993 to May 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-FJle Report 

95-364, 247 p.

Krumhardt, A.P., 1982, Hydrologic information for land-use planning, Badger Road area, Fairbanks, Alaska: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigation Report 82-4097, 14 p.

Lawson, D.E., Arcone, S.A., Strasser, J.C., Delaney, A., Williams, C., and Albert, D., 1993, Geological and geophysical analyses of permafrost and ground water conditions, Fort Wainwright, Alaska 1993 progress report: 

Hanover, New Hampshire, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, variously paged.

30 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
Lawson, D.E., Strasser, J.C., and Davi, J.M., 1994, Geological and geophysical investigations of the hydrog°-ology of 

operable unit 3 [Fort Wainwright, Alaska] Interim draft report: Hanover, N.H., U.S. Army Cold Regions 

Research and Engineering Laboratory, variously paged.

Lilly, M.R., McCarthy, K.A., Kriegler, A.T., Vohden, J., and Burno, G.E., 1996, Compilation and preliminary interpretation of hydrologic and water-quality data from the Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, 1993-94: U.S. 

Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4049, 75 p.

Luckey, R.R., and Rogers, G.D., 1989, Ground-water retrieval/tabling program, in Mathey, S.B., ed., National Water 

Information System user's manual, v. 2, ch. 4. Ground-Water Site Inventory system-NWIS 90.1: U.S. Geological 

Survey Open-File Report 89-587, p. 8.1-8.56.

Nakanishi, A.S., and Lilly, M.R., 1998, Estimate of aquifer properties by numerically simulating ground-vater/surface-water interactions, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 

98-4088, 35 p.

Nelson, G.L., 1978, Hydrologic information for land-use planning, Fairbanks vicinity, Alaska: U.S. Geologic"! Survey 

Open-File Report 78-959, 47 p.

Newberry, R.J., Bundtzen, T.K., Clautice, K.H., Compellick, R.A., Douglas, T., Laird, G.M., Liss, S.A., Pinney, D.S., 

Reifenstuhl, R.R., and Solie, D.N., 1996, Preliminary geologic map of the Fairbanks mining district, Alaska: 

Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, Public Data File 96-16, 2 sheets.

Pewe, T.L., 1958, Geology of the Fairbanks (D-2) quadrangle, Alaska: U.S. Geological Survey Map GQ-110.

Pewe, T.L. and Bell, J.W., 1975, Map showing distribution of permafrost in the Fairbanks D-2 SE quadrangle, Alaska: 

U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-669-A.

Pewe, T.L. Bell, J.W, Forbes, R.B., and Weber, F.R., 1976, Geologic map of the Fairbanks D-2 SE quadrangle, Alaska: 

U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Investigations Series Map 1-942. Scale, 1:24000.

Plumb, E.W, and Lilly, M.R., 1996, Snow-depth and water-equivalent data for the Fairbanks area, Alaska, spring 

1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-414, 16 p.

Prindle, L.M., 1908, The Fairbanks and Rampart quadrangles, Yukon-Tanana region, Alaska, with a section on the 

Rampart Placers, by F.L. Hess, and a paper on the water supply of the Fairbanks region, by C.C. Covert: U.S. 

Geological Survey Bulletin 337, 102 p.

Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982a, Measurement and computation of streamflow: Volume 1, Measurement of stage and 

discharge: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175, p. 1-284.

Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982b, Measurement and computation of streamflow: Volume 2. Computation of discharge: 

U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175, p. 285-631.

Robinson, M.S., Smith, T.E., and Metz, P.A., 1990, Bedrock geology of the Fairbanks mining district: Alaska Division 

of Geological and Geophysical Surveys, Professional Report 106, 2 sheets.

Rust, B.R., 1978, Depositional models for braided alluvium, in Miall, A.D., ed., Fluvial sedimentology: Canadian 

Society of Petroleum Geology Memoir 5, p. 605-625.

Schroder, L.J., and Shampine, W.J., 1992, Guidelines for preparing a quality assurance plan for district offices of the 

U.S. Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-136, 14 p.

Shampine, W.J., Pope, L.M., and Koterba, M.T., 1992, Integrating quality assurance in project work plans of the U.S. 

Geological Survey: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92-162, 12 p.

U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey, 1996, Vertical control datum: U.S. Department of Commerce, Environmental Sciences Services Administration, September, 26 p.

U.S. Geological Survey, 1991-97, Water-resources data for Alaska, water years 1990-96: U.S. Geologic?! Survey 

Water-Data Report AK 90-1 to 96-1 (published annually).

REFERENCES CTED 31
32 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
APPENDIX A 

MAPS OF THE STUDY AREA

APPENDIX A 33
NOTE

Figures A1 through A5 are in the envelope at the back of this report. 

Insets A-H for figure A2 are on the following pages.

Al. Distribution of environmental report locations, Fort Wainwright, June 1997

A2. Locations of monitoring wells, driven wells, and pumping wells in the 

Ground-Water Site Inventory data base for the Fort Wainwright vicinity, 

June 1997 (and insets A-H)

A3. Locations of soil borings in the Ground-Water Site Inventory data base for 

the Fort Wainwright vicinity, June 1997

A4. Locations of USGS surface-water data-collection stations for the Fairbanks 

and Fort Wainwright vicinity

A5. Locations of USGS geohydrologic data-collection stations for the Fort 

Wainwright vicinity

34 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
64-51'

147'40'

FWM6583 

FWB6115

FWM6582

1

FWD279 

FWD280 

FWD281 

FWD282 

FWD283 

FWD284 

FWD

gj FWM6564 

WM6564A

FWM6649 

FWM6592 

FWM6593 

FWM6594 

FWM6595

FWM6596 

FWM6597 

FWM6598 

FWW6599

rWM

FWM6580

FWM6581

FWM6650 

FWM6651

J8| FWM6639 J8| FWB6263

FVJJ6590

FWM6638

FWM6584

RjFWM6585

w FWM6586

FWM6587

64-51'

Inset A: Locations of Ground-Water Monitoring Wells

147'39'
OJ

o>

if See figure A2 in envelope for location of 

inset. E

0)

1

o.

I.

o

o

I

:*

o

B)

a

0)

 o

147'39'

64*50'

FWM5169

FWM5163

FWM5789 

FWM5790

FWM5160

FWD20

7

I

3. 

(Q

FWD31 

FWD32 

FWD33 

FWD34 

FWD35

FWM5147

FWM5271

FWM6579 

FWM6580 

64*50'

147'39'

nset B: Locations of Ground-Water 

Monitoring Wells

150 

5
147*39'

64*50'

FWD50 

FWD51 

FWD5 

FWD5

FWD37 

FWD38 

FWD39

FWD40 x

FWD41 *

FWD42

FWD43

FWD44

FWD45

FWD46 

FWD47 

FWD48 

FWD49

 o

 o 

m z 

g 

x

FWM5998

FWM527

&FWM657

FWM658

64-50'

147*38'

See figure A2 in 

inset.

for location of

Inset C: Locations of Ground-Water Monitoring W
147*37'

64'50'

7315 >FWM7321 

FWM7316T/TFWM7322 

FWM73i>1 FWM7323

FW084-1 --FWD86 

FWM6709

SINGLE GROUND-WATER 

Sr*M527i WELL/SINGLE LOCATION

BFWM6579 MULTIPLE GROUNOFWM6580 WATER WELLS/SINGLE 

LOCATION

See figure A2 in envelope for location of 

inset.

0 200 4

I 

I I

0 50 100 

Inset D: Locations of Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
147*36'

FWM5546 

FWM5547 

FWM5548

5551 

FWM5552 

FWM5553

E

FWM5271

S

W

&FWM6579 

FWM6580 W

1

64*50'

Inset E: Locations of Ground Water 

Monitoring Wells

147*35'

See 

inset
c 

w

o

(0

o_

o

(0

0)

c

I 

I

5 o"

(Q

147'38'

64*49'

o

0)

a

W

 o

 §

a;

o w

o

31

a.

EL

Q FWM5511

FWM5736

FWM5510

FWM5509

FWM5506 

S) FWM5505

FWM5735

FWM5508

FWM5734

FWM5078

64*49

147*38*

See figure A2 in envelope for location of 

inset.

nset F: Locations of Ground-Water Monitoring 
147-34*

64'48'

FWM5823

FWM5825

FWM5826

FWM5623

FWD5625

FW05626

FWD5627

FWM5810

 o 

o

X

EXPLANA TION N

See figure A2 in envelo

inset.

S> FWM5271

SINGLE GROUND-WATER 

WELL/SINGLE LOCATION

MULTIPLE GROUNDFWM6580 WATER WELLS/SINGLE 

LOCATION

200 400 

50 100 

Inset G: Locations of Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
O

 5"

See figure A2 in envelope for location of 

inset.

9

o

03

n

147*36' FWM

64'48'

I

I

FWD97 

FWD98

FWD100 FWD99

FWD101n

MW-2 

MW-3 

MW-4 

MW-5

FWD114

FWD115

FWD116

FWD117

FWD118

FWM5922

FWM5923

123 FWD" 

FWD125

FWM5920 

FWD102

FWD103

FWD104

FWD105

FWD106

FWB21

FWB22J

FWB23

FWM

FWM

64*48'

147*36'

nset H: Locations of Ground Water 

Monitoring Wells
APPENDIX B 

PROJECT STAFF DESCRIPTIONS

AND 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY POSITION DESCRIPTIONS

APPEND IX B 43
Michael R. Lilly, USGS, Project Chief. Employed with USGS since February 1990. Highest 

Degree earned: University of Alaska Fairbanks, M.S. in Hydrogeology.

Selected References:

Claar, D.V., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks 

International Airport Area, Alaska, 1990-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File F eport 95- 

382, 155 p.

Glass, R.L., Lilly, M.R., and Meyer, D.F, 1996, Ground-water levels in an alluvial plain between 

the Tanana and Chena Rivers near Fairbanks, Alaska, 1986-93: U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 96-4060, 39 p.

Jackson, M.L., and Lilly, M.R., 1996, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the University 

of Alaska Fairbanks Area, Alaska, 1992-95: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-416, 

219 p.

Kriegler, A.T., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Water-elevation, stream-discharge, and ground-water quality 

data in the Alaska Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, May 1993 to May 1995: U.S. 

Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-364, 247 p.

Leake, S.A., Lawson, P.W, Lilly, M.R., and Claar, D.V., 1998, Assignment of boundary conditions 

in embedded ground-water flow models: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 4, July-August 199.°, p. 621- 

625.

Leake, S.A., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Simulation of interaction between ground water in an alluvial 

aquifer and surface water in a large braided river: Proceedings of the American Society of Civil 

Engineers 1995 International Groundwater Management Symposium, August 14-18, 1995, 6

PLilly, M.R., 1989, Characterization of benzene transport in ground water under freezing conditions: a review of the controlling processes. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Water Resources Association, Alaska Section, IWR-112.

Lilly, M.R., 1991, Determination of fluid transport pathways and pore ice formation in frozen 

porous media, [abs.]: American Geophysical Union 1991 Fall Meeting, Program and 

Abstracts, p. 163.

Lilly, M.R., 1995, The distribution of fluids and ice in frozen, saturated porous media: Fairbanks, 

University of Alaska Fairbanks, master's thesis, 61 p.

Lilly, M.R., and Fitzpatrick, J.J., 1991, Direct observation of grain-size boundary impurties in ice 

by cryogenic scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis, [abs.]: 

American Geophysical Union 1991 Fall Meeting, Program and Abstracts, p. 163.

Lilly, M.R., McCarthy, K.A., Kriegler, A.T., Vohden, James, and Burno, G.E., 1996, Compilation 

and preliminary interpretation of hydrologic and water-quality data from the Railroad Industrial Area, Fairbanks, Alaska, 1993-94, U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4049,75 p.

44 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
Lilly, M.R., and Moore, L.M., 1984, Exploration methods for surface water resources: Abstract in 

the Annual Meeting of The Association of Engineering Geologists, Texas Section. College 

Station, Texas. April, p. 1.

Lilly, M.R., and Ray, S.R., 1987, The late-winter chemical and physical characteristics of th~- Fairbanks alluvial aquifer: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Water Resources 

Association, Alaska Section. Homer, Alaska. IWR-109, p. 127-140.

Lilly, M.R., and Sargent, J.A., 1990, Cryogenic scanning electron microscopy research applications in Arctic and Polar regions: Proceedings of the Ninth International conference of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. Editors: O.A. Ayrinde, N.K. Sinha, and D.S. Sodhi. 

Book No. IO296F, p. 51-60.

Plumb, E.W., and Lilly, M.R., 1996, Snow-Depth and Water-Equivalent Data for the Fairbanks 

Area, Alaska, Spring 1995: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-414, 16 p.

Zukowski, M.D., Tumeo, M.A., and Lilly, M.R., 1989, Subsurface transport of BTX compounds 

under freezing conditions: a preliminary model. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of The 

American Water Resources Association, Alaska Section, IWR-112. p. 189-198.

Stanley A. Leake, USGS, Hydrologist. Employed with USGS since 1974. Highest Degree 

earned: University of Arizona, M.S. in Hydrology.

Selected References:

Bettandorff, J.M., and Leake, S.A., 1976, Water for industrial and agricultural development in 

Atalla, Holmes, Humphreys, Issaquena, Sharkey, and Yazoo Counties, Mississippi: Mississippi Research and Development Center Bulletin, 68 p.

Fenske, J.P, Leake, S.A., Prudic, D.E., in press, Development and applications of an algorithm for 

the transient simulation of ground-water levels resulting from expansion and contraction of a 

reservoir (Journal article Groundwater; Approved by USGS and journal)

Fenske, Jon P., Leake, S.A., and Prudic, David E., 1996, Documentation of a computer program 

(RES1) to simulate leakage from reservoirs using the Modular Finite-Difference GroundWater Flow Model (MODFLOW): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 96-364, 51 p.

Fenske, J.P, Leake, S.A., Prudic, D.E., 1995, Initial assessment of an algorithm for the transient 

simulation of ground-water levels resulting from the expansion and contraction of a reservoir, 

in Charbeneau, R.J., ed., Groundwater Management: New York, American Society of Civil 

Engineers Proceedings of the International Symposium, San Antonio, Texas, August 14-16, 

1995, p. 101-106.

Konieczki, A.D., and Leake, S.A., in press, Hydrogeology and water chemistry of Montezuma 

Well in Montezuma National Monument and surrounding area, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 97-4156. (Approved, 7/25/97)

APPENP'XB 45
Leake, S.A., 1995, Status of computer programs for simulating land subsidence with the modular 

finite-difference ground-water flow model, in Prince, K.R., Galloway, D.L., and Leake, S.A., 

eds. U.S. Geological Survey Subsidence Interest Group Conference, Edwards Air Force Base, 

Antelope Valley, California, November 18-19,1992, Abstracts and Summary: U.S. Geological 

Survey Open-File Report 94-532, p. 74-76.

Leake, S.A., 1993, New computer program for simulating storage changes and transient leakage in 

confining units using MODFLOW [abs.]: American Geophysical Union supplement to EOS, 

October 26,1993,1993 Fall Meeting, December 6-10,1993, San Francisco, California, p. 306.

Leake, S.A., 1992, Computer simulation of land subsidence from groundwater withdrawal in 

unconfined aquifers: Proceedings of International Workshop on Groundwater and Environment, August 16-18, 1992, Beijing, China, Seismological Press, p. 286-292.

Leake, S.A., 1992, Simulation of land subsidence in models of regional ground-water flow [abs.]: 

Abstracts, v. 3, 29th International Geological Congress, August 24-September 3, 1992, Kyoto, 

Japan, p. 897.

Leake, S.A., 1992, Simulation of delay in release of water from compaction in an aquifer system 

[abs.]: American Geophysical Union Western Pacific Geophysics Meeting, August 17-21, 

1992, Hong Kong, Supplement to EOS Transactions, v. 74, no. 25, June, 1992, p. 31.

Leake, S.A., Lawson, P.W., Lilly, M.R., and Claar, D.V., 1998, Assignment of boundary conditions 

in embedded ground-water flow models: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 4, July-August 19S*5 , p. 621- 

625.

Leake, S.A., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Simulation of interaction between ground water in ?n alluvial 

aquifer and surface water in a large braided river: Proceedings of the American Society of Civil 

Engineers 1995 International Groundwater Management Symposium, August 14-18, 1995, 6 

PLeake, S.A., and Hsieh, P.A., 1997, Simulation of deformation of sediments from c^cline of 

ground-water levels in an aquifer underlain by a bedrock step, in Prince, K.R., and Leake, S. A., 

eds., 1997, U.S. Geological Survey Subsidence Interest Group Conference, Proceedings of the 

Technical Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 14-16, 1995: U.S. Geological Survey OpenFile Report 97-47, p 10-14.

Leake, S.A., and Hsieh, P.A., 1996, Effects of bedrock geometry on simulated aquifer-system 

deformation: 30th International Geological Congress, August 4-14, 1996, Beijing, China, 

Abstracts, v. 3, p. 367.

Leake, S.A., and Hsieh, P.A., 1994, Simulation of deformation of sediments from decline in 

ground-water levels in an aquifer underlain by a bedrock step [abs.]: American Geophysical 

Union 1994 Fall Meeting, Supplement to EOS, November 1, 1994, p. 176.

Leake, S.A., Leahy, P. Patrick, and Navoy, Anthony, S., 1994, Documentation of a computer program to simulate transient leakage from confining units using the modular finite-difference 

ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-59, 70 p.

46 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigt *, Alaska, 

1994-97
O'Day, C.M., and Leake, S.A., 1995, Ground-water availability in the Flagstaff area of the Colorado Plateau, Arizona, in Geddis, A.M., ed., Water Use in Arizona: Cooperation or Conflict: 

Tucson, Arizona, Arizona Hydrological Society's 8th Annual Symposium, September 14-16, 

1995, Tucson, Arizona, p. 2-3.

Prince, K.R., and Leake, S.A., eds., 1997, U.S. Geological Survey Subsidence Interest Group Conference, Proceedings of the Technical Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 14-16, 1995: 

U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-47, 37 p.

Prince, K.R., Galloway, D.L., and Leake, S.A., eds., 1995, U.S. Geological Survey Subsidence 

Interest Group Conference, Edwards Air Force Base, Antelope Valley, California, November 

18-19, 1992, Abstracts and Summary: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 94-532, p. 

74-76.

Leake, S.A., 1991, Simulation of vertical compaction in models of regional ground-water flow, in 

Johnson, Ivan, ed., Land Subsidence: Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on 

Land Subsidence, May 1991, Houston, Texas: International Association of Hydrological Sciences Publication No. 200, p. 565-574.

Leake, S.A., 1991, Application of user-supplied transformations in computer-graphics programs 

[abs.], in Balthrop, B.H., and Terry, I.E., U.S. Geological Survey National Computer Technology Meeting Proceedings, Phoenix, Arizona, November 14-18, 1988: U.S. Geological Survey 

Water Resources Investigations Report 90-4162, p. 73.

Leake, S.A., and Prudic, D.E., 1991, Documentation of a computer program to simulate aquifersystem compaction using the modular finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations, book 6, chap. A2, 68 p. (Supersedes Open-File Report 88-482).

Leake, S.A., 1990, Applications of user-supplied transformations in computer-graphics programs, 

in Wiltshire, D.W, ed., Selected Papers in the Applied Computer Sciences, 1990: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1908, p. A1-A5.

Leake, S.A., 1990, Interbed storage changes and compaction in models of regional ground-water 

flow: Water Resources Research, v. 26, no. 9, p. 1939-1950.

Leake, S.A., 1990, Interbed storage changes and compaction in models of regional ground-water 

flow [abs.]: American Geophysical Union, EOS Transactions, v. 78, no. 19, May 8, 1990, p. 

704.

Leake, S.A., 1989, New approaches to simulating aquifer-system compaction in models of regional 

ground-water flow [abs.l: Abstracts, v. 2, 28th International Geological Congress, July 9-19, 

1989, Washington, D.C., p. 271-272.

Leake, S.A., and Prudic, D.E., 1988, Documentation of a computer program to simulate aquifersystem compaction using the modular finite-difference ground-water flow model: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 88-482, 80 p.

Leake, S.A., and Hanson, R.T., 1987, Distribution and movement of trichloroethylene in ground 

water in the Tucson area, Arizona: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 

Report 86-4313,40 p.

APPENDIX B 47
Leake, S.A., and Prudic, D.E., 1987, Nonlinear subsidence package for three-dimensional finitedifference ground-water flow model [abs]: American Geophysical Union Transactions, v. 68, 

no. 44, p. 1301.

Leake, S.A., 1984, A method for estimating ground-water return flow to the Colorado River in the 

Parker Area, Arizona and California: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations 

Report 84-4229, 31 p.

Leake, S.A., 1984, A method for estimating ground-water return flow to the Colorado River in the 

Parker Area, Arizona and California: Tucson, Arizona, University of Arizona, unpublished 

M.S. Thesis, 47 p.

Leake, S.A., 1983, Simulation of components of flow normal to the Colorado River in tH Yuma 

area, Arizona and California [abs]: Proceedings of the Third Annual American Geophysical 

Union Front Range Branch Hydrology Days, American Geophysical Union and Colorado 

State University, p. 192.

Loeltz, O.J., and Leake, S.A., 1983, A method for estimating ground-water return flow to the Colorado River in the Yuma area, Arizona and California: U.S. Geological Survey WaterResources Investigations Report 83-4220, 86 p.

Loeltz, O.J., and Leake, S.A., 1983, A method for estimating ground-water return flow to the Colorado River in the Yuma area, Arizona and California: Executive Summary: U.S. Geological 

Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 83-4221, 8 p.

White, Natalie, Leake, S.A., and Clay, D.M., 1979, Maps showing ground-water conditions in the 

northern part of the Gila River drainage from Painted-Rock Dam to Texas Hill area, Maricopa, 

Pima, and Yuma Counties, Arizona, 1978: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1537, 

maps.

Loeltz, O.J., and Leake, S.A., 1979, Relation between proposed developments of water resources 

and seepage from the All-American Canal, eastern Imperial Valley, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-744, 83 p.

Leake, S.A., and Clay, D.M., 1979, Maps showing ground-water conditions in the Gila River drainage from Texas Hill to Dome area and in the western Mexican drainage area, Maricopa, Pima, 

and Yuma Counties, Arizona, 1977: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 79-1540, maps.

Leake, S.A., 1978, Analysis of aquifer test in Dewatering Test Section of Tennessee-Tombigbee 

Waterway Divide Section, Tishomingo County, Mississippi: U.S. Geological Survey Administrative Report, 27 p.

Leake, S.A., 1977, The use of digital models for evaluating the effects of dewatering in the Tennessee-Tombigbee divide-cut area, Mississippi, in Mississippi Water Resources Conference 

Proceedings, 1977: Water Resources Research Institute, Mississippi State University, p. 35- 

56.

Leake, S.A., 1977, Simulation of flow to a partially penetrating trench: U.S. Geological Survey 

Journal of Research, v. 5, p. 535-540.

48 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
David V. Claar, USGS, Hydrologist. Employed with USGS since May 1993. Highest Degree 

earned: University of Alaska Fairbanks, M.S. in Geological Engineering.

Selected References:

Claar, D.V., and Lilly, M.R., 1995, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks 

International Airport Area, Alaska, 1990-94: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95- 

382, 155 p.

Claar, D.V., and Lilly, M.R., 1997, Ground-water and surface-water elevations in the Fairbanks 

International Airport Area, Alaska, 1990-96, and selected geohydrologic report references: 

U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-597, 154 p.

Leake, S.A., Lawson, P.W., Lilly, M.R., and Claar, D.V., 1998, Assignment of boundary conditions 

in embedded ground-water flow models: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 4, July-August 1998, p. 621- 

625.
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY POSITION DESCRIPTIONS

Hydrologist, GS-5-1315 (plan-grade-code)

A. Major Duties:

The incumbent, as an entry level trainee Hydrologist, is assigned duties directed towards providing 

practical experience in hydrologic data collection and analysis and training for the development of 

professional competence in the scientific areas of and related to hydrology. Typical assignments 

may include:

 Uses a variety of methods and equipment to: collect hydrologic data including stag? records 

for streams, lakes, and wells; collect and preserve water samples for the analysis of chemical, 

sediment or biological characteristics; make discharge measurements; run levels to gages and 

wells.

 Checks discharge measurements computation; computes mean daily gage heights o*- prepares 

digital recorder tapes for computer processing; develops rating curves depicting the relationship between stage and discharge; and computes and compiles daily discharge values.

 Assists higher grade hydrologists on project work by performing duties such as: 1. measuring 

flood peaks indirectly by using transits or levels; 2. collecting and logging geologic samples 

at well sites; observing well drilling operations, or, performing pump tests; 3. preparing 

graphic representation of hydrologic data by way of maps, charts, hydrographs, and frequency 

curves; 4. determining the chemical or biological components of water for QW studies; and 5. 

preparing changes to standard computer programs or spot checking printouts to detect sources 

of errors.

 Writes reports on non-complex hydrologic studies or writes selected sections of broader, complex investigative reports.

 Operates a government vehicle as an incidental driver. 

B. Factors

1. Knowledge Required by the Position

 Knowledge of theories, principles, practices and techniques of hydrology, hydraulics, geology, 

and/or engineering (as would be obtained through a Bachelor's Degree) to aid in the proper 

interpretation of scientific and technical data.

 Knowledge of Survey principles, methods, and practices in order to collect, adjust- correlate 

and interpret hydrologic data by Survey standards.

 Skill in using hydrologic-data collection and analysis equipment in the field and in the office.

 Skill in writing clear presentations of scientific data.

2. Supervisory Controls

 Supervisor clearly assigns work orally or in writing; exercises direct control over work; determines objectives, priorities and deadlines; and instructs on new, unusual, or difficult procedures.

50 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigl * Alaska, 

1994-97
 Routine assignments may be performed independently. New assignments or work s; tuations 

are discussed with the supervisor.

 Thorough review of work is made in progress and upon completion.

3. Guidelines

 Survey policies, regulations, and standard practices generally dictate procedures to be followed. USGS TWRI Handbooks provide specific guidelines for data collection and analysis 

activities. Previous hydrologic studies and records may also serve as guides.

 Specific instructions from supervisor and USGS policy and procedures limit the interpretation 

of available guides. Supervisors are consulted when unclear or conflicting guidelines exist. 

However, in the field, situations will arise that will require the adaptation of normally standard 

methods of hydrologic data collection.

4. Complexity

 Work assignments provide a variety of experience and training to extend knowledge and to 

develop an understanding of hydrology and the complex interrelations of hydrologic systems.

 Incumbent determines methodology for routine assignments that are well-defined and which 

require the use of the a few sequential procedures to accomplish work.

5. Scope and Effect

 The purpose of the work is to provide unbiased hydrologic data for inclusion in the annual 

report and/or a hydrologic study.

 The work contributes to hydrologic information that serves as a basis for the responsil le management of water resources by local, state, and other Federal agencies.

6. Personal Contacts

 Personal contacts are typically limited to co-workers in the District except, while in the field, 

the incumbent may be required to deal with the general public.

7. Purpose of Contacts

 Purpose of contacts within the organization is to obtain or exchange information or assignments; and, in the field, to obtain from landowners access to hydrologic data collection sites.

8. Physical Demands

 The position requires moderate periods of standing and sitting while in the office. While in the 

field, considerable walking, lifting, bending, climbing and stream wading is necessary to collect data.

9. Work Environment

 Office conditions are normal; field conditions may include extreme heat or cold, rain or snow, 

and hazardous conditions such as ice or flooding.

APPENDIX B 51
Hydrologist, GS-7-1315 (plan-grade-code)

A. Major Duties

As an advanced level trainee Hydrologist, the incumbent is assigned duties and provided training 

which contribute to the continuing professional development in the area of Hydrology and other 

related sciences. Typical assignments may include:

 Assists higher level hydrologists in conducting hydrologic studies by collecting hydrologic data 

in the field, recording, analyzing, and interpreting hydrologic data, researching records, and 

compiling statistical data, and preparing and editing portions of the hydrologic repor*.

 Collects hydrologic data using a variety of methods and equipment, such as: 1. measures the 

discharge of streams having a variety of depth and flow conditions; 2. collects and analyzes 

geologic samples to delineate and correlate aquifer systems and describe water-bearing characteristics; 3. measures water levels in observation wells, collects pumpage records and other 

geohydrologic data; and 4. collects water samples for the analysis of sediment concentration 

or chemical quality.

 Writes portions of interpretive reports of hydrologic studies and prepares hydrologic information 

in the form of maps, charts, or graphs for inclusion in reports.

 Computes, analyzes and interprets records of streamflow, water levels, pumpage, sediment 

quantities, or biological and chemical quality to assist in the scientific evaluation of hydrologic 

phenomena.

 Operates a government vehicle as an incidental driver. 

B. Factors

1. Knowledge Required by the Position

 Knowledge of the theories, principles, practices, and techniques of hydrology, hydraulics, geology, and engineering as would typically be obtained through a Bachelor's degree to aid in the 

interpretation of scientific and technical data.

 Knowledge of Survey principles, methods, and practices in order to collect, adjust, correlate, 

and interpret hydrologic data by Survey standards.

 Skill in the use of hydrologic-data collection and analysis equipment in the field and in the 

office.

 Basic knowledge of computer applications for the compilation, analysis, representat; on, and 

evaluation of hydrologic information.

2. Supervisory Controls

 Supervisor assigns work in detail and fully reviews work in progress. This review is typically 

maintained through spot checks to monitor progress and conformance to instructions.

 Recurring work assignments covered by explicit procedures and guidelines are performed 

independently.

 Completed work is reviewed for compliance with instructions and to assure the quality of the 

work.

52 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
3. Guidelines

 Survey policies, regulations, and standard practices or instructions (such as TWRI Handbooks, 

Survey Manuals) provide guidelines to be followed.

 Supervisor may indicate source of instruction or available guidelines but incumbent will generally determine the appropriate guides to use.

 Deviations from guides or incomplete instructions are referred to the supervisor. However, in 

the field, standard guides or practices may be modified or adapted to meet unusual wo^k situations.

4. Complexity

 Work assignments contribute to further development of professional hydrologic knowledges 

and experiences.

 Work assignments may require incorporation of a variety of standard procedures and methods 

to complete a series of sequential and specific phases of a broad hydrologic study.

5. Scope and Effect

 The scope of projects at this level typically provides unbiased, basic hydrologic information 

that meets the scientific standards of the Geological Survey. The effect of this work contributes 

to the basic understanding of hydrologic systems that serves, in part, as a basis for responsible 

and beneficial management of water resources by local, state, or other Federal authorities.

6. Personal Contacts

 Personal contacts are normally with other hydrologists or technicians in the organization, but 

occasionally, as directed by the supervisor or Project Chief, with cooperators or general public.

7. Purpose of Contacts

 Purpose of contacts within the organization is to gain or exchange information.

 Contacts external to the organization are limited to obtaining or exchanging information of a 

factual nature.

 Occasional contacts with the general public are to accomplish data collection, to communicate 

with observers, or to talk with property owners.

8. Physical Demands

 The position requires moderate periods of standing and sitting while in the office. While in the 

field, considerable walking, lifting, bending, climbing, and stream wading is necessary to collect data.

9. Work Environment

 Office conditions are normal; field conditions may include extreme heat or cold, rain or snow, 

and hazardous conditions such as ice or flooding.

APPENP'XB 53
Hydrologist, GS-9-1315 (plan-grade-code)

A. Major Duties

The incumbent of this position is a hydrologist with responsibility for participating on hydrologic 

studies of considerable scope and complexity, or serving as a Project Chief for studies which are 

more conventional or limited in nature. Project activity typically involves surface-water, groundwater, and /or geochemical studies, [insertion of terms needs approval]

 Plans, conducts, and reports on assigned parts of hydrologic interpretive studies which typically adhere to established techniques and conventional methods of investigation.

 Collects and analyzes hydrologic data relating to one or more of the three disciplinary fields 

(ground-water, surface-water, quality-water), determining apparent reasons for dat^ anomalies, and correlating the wide variety of factors that affect the information presented.

 Maintains an awareness and understanding of the latest state-of-the-art techniques, instrumentation, and technology applicable to the conduct of hydrologic studies and data collection/analysis activities. Conceives new approaches or modifies existing methods of collecting, 

analyzing, and interpreting hydrologic information.

 Prepares reports of findings for assigned parts of interpretative studies summarizing the results 

of hydrologic investigations.

 Participates with higher level project hydrologists in the development of project proposals or 

descriptions which summarize critical information relating to the objective, approach, funding, and expected results of proposed investigations.

 Contacts either government, State, or local agencies to obtain data and information necessary 

for the conduct of hydrologic studies, or private citizens to obtain landholder permission for 

access to study sites.

 Directs the work of technicians and lower grade scientists serving as members of project teams 

in the collection and analysis of hydrologic information collected.

 Operates a motor vehicle as an incidental driver.

B. Factors

1. Knowledge Required by the Position

 A professional knowledge of scientific hydrologic principles and concepts and a practical 

knowledge of conventional hydrologic data collection methods, techniques, and field/lab 

equipment, sufficient to undertake routine hydrologic investigative projects involving water 

resource occurrence, use, and development.

 Knowledge sufficient to interpret the effect and impact of any change in the level or use of 

water resources for geographic areas under study.

 A limited knowledge of hydrology-related disciplines such as civil engineering, geology, biology, chemistry, and soil science sufficient to recognize how they relate to water maragement 

issues and to recognize when specialized advice is needed.

54 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrighf, Alaska, 

1994-97
 Knowledge of USGS and WRD publications requirements and skill in the preparation of 

reports which clearly present scientific findings, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations.

2. Supervisory Controls

 The supervisor outlines program objectives and the material, money, and personnel available 

for conducting project studies, the hydrologist, supervisor, and other staff scientists or project 

team members consult on coordination of work plans, objectives, and accomplishments, as 

required.

 The hydrologist independently plans the steps and techniques necessary to complete the assignments in accordance with established hydrologic practices and techniques. Where unusual or 

unconventional study conditions are encountered, or where problems require modification of 

established methods or procedures, the hydrologist generally discusses the action he/she plans 

to take beforehand with the supervisor or project chief, as appropriate.

 Completed work is reviewed for technical adequacy and soundness, as well as accomplishment 

of overall objectives for assigned project responsibilities.

3. Guidelines

 Guidelines are usually applicable and include policy, procedural, and technical manuals and 

handbooks, standard professional practices, published research results and related scientific 

reports, annual work plans, and oral instruction from the supervisor or project chirf. The 

guides do not always address specific sets of problems or circumstances encountered, therefore, requiring periodic departure from standardized procedures or conventional study 

approach for completion of assignments.

 The hydrologist, in view of the considerations listed above, must select from alternative methods or procedures which appear appropriate to the existing situation, and make or recommend 

compromises required by technical considerations.

4. Complexity

 Primary assignments relate to the collection, analysis, and interpretation of hydrologic information collected in field studies and to the preparation of reports which summarize study findings.

 Complicating features encountered in conducting water resources studies typically include: 

seasonally varied hydrologic conditions and use of water resources, difficulty in accurately 

assessing hydrologic anomalies, a need to vary study approaches to provide for existing environmental or field conditions, and a lack of adequate and reliable hydrologic data on which to 

base interpretive findings and conclusions.

 Problems associated with project assignments carried out by the hydrologist are typically 

addressed in precedent studies and are generally amenable to the application of standard techniques and practices.

5. Scope and Effect

APPENDIX B 55
 The purpose of the work is to investigate and analyze any of a variety of hydrologic problems 

and to provide or recommend alternatives for water resources planning, management, and 

decision-making.

 Results of the work can affect potentially the quantity or quality of water available for use in 

local areas and the socio-economic well-being of dependent communities and industries. 

Study procedures, techniques, or results may also serve as a basis for similar hydrologic 

assignments or studies carried out by other hydrologists.

6. Personal Contacts

 Contacts are primarily with technicians and other hydrologists in the immediate office and with 

specialists at higher levels within the organization. Some contacts are with state agency scientists and local officials as well as with landowners, the general public, and contract personnel.

7. Purpose of Contacts

 Contacts are for the purpose of planning and coordinating work efforts with co-workers; to provide and obtain advice regarding study problems; to ensure correctness of study methodology 

employed; for compliance with cooperative agreements; and to reconcile conflicting technical 

viewpoints and ideas.

8. Physical Demands

 The work requires frequent physical exertion while conducting field portions of project work 

and with inspection of ongoing operations, including walking over rough, rocky, o" uneven 

terrain; lifting and carrying equipment and supplies; and wading in streams in all types of 

weather.

9. Work Environment

 The work involves some degree of risk when conducting on-the-ground assessment of operations as well as exposure to moderate discomfort from such extremes as heat, cold, and inclement weather.

Hydrologist, GS-11-1315 (plan-grade-code)

A. Major Duties

The incumbent of this position is a hydrologist with responsibility for participating on hydrologic 

studies of considerable scope and complexity, or serving as a Project Chief for studies which are 

more conventional or limited in nature. Project activities typically involves surface-water, groundwater, and /or geochemical studies, [insertion of terms needs approval]

 Serves as a Project Chief or senior project member for complete hydrologic investigations by 

planning, conducting, and reporting on interpretative studies that typically require modification of established techniques or procedures and extensive collection, interpretation, analysis, 

and evaluation of hydrologic data.

 Develops approaches, standards, methods, guides, and procedures for conducting the interpretative study and provides advice, interpretation, and training to other professionals in the 

application or modification of established standards, methods, and procedures to ensure adequate treatment and thorough consideration of anomalous study conditions or situations.

56 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
 Coordinates immediate and long-term study objectives and plans, and the scheduling and 

establishment of priorities to ensure that they do not conflict with the overall water resources 

management program.

 Discusses agreements, study methods, approach, techniques, and desired results with management and representatives of cooperative agencies to implement hydrologic studies. Reconciles 

differences in approach or scope of study objectives in order to develop a comprehensive and 

scientifically sound report which can be used for comprehensive water resource mane ^ement 

decision making.

 Maintain a high level of competence in his/her discipline specialty, a working competence in 

other technical disciplines, and an awareness of new technological developments in hydrology; develops methods for applying techniques and modifying such, as required, in the study 

of local hydrologic or related water resource problems and demonstrates or utilizes new or 

modified techniques in the comprehensive study of water resources for specific geographic 

areas of investigation.

 Prepares reports of findings for complete hydrologic interpretive studies summarizing the 

results of hydrologic investigations and technically reviews parts of reports prepared by 

project team members.

 Develops project proposals or descriptions which summarize critical information relating to 

the objectives, approach, funding, and expected results of proposed investigations, and 

defends recommendations for initiation of new projects to higher level management.

 Maintains liaison with employees of Federal and State Governments, local officials, and private organizations who are affected by, or otherwise have a shared interest in, water resource 

management practices and problems in the regional area; provides technical advice and information on water resource problems of mutual concern.

 Operates a motor vehicle as an incidental driver.

C. Factors

1. Knowledge Required by the Position

Knowledge of water management practices and procedures as well as broad and varied hydrologic study techniques sufficient to analyze and interpret hydrologic data and information, to analyze the existence and feasibility of water resource management alternatives, and to prepare data 

and interpretive findings in support of study conclusions for publication.

Familiarity with related fields such as hydraulics, engineering, geology, geochemistry, biology, 

and soil sciences sufficient to incorporate considerations from these disciplines in the review and 

study of water management problems, plans, and activities.

Knowledge of administrative procedures sufficient to develop work plans and budgetary 

requirements for the personnel, equipment, and study of water management problems, plans, and 

activities.

Knowledge of USGS and WRD publications requirements and skill in the preparation of 

reports which clearly present scientific findings, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations.

APPEN1IXB 57
2. Supervisory Controls

 The supervisor sets the overall objectives and program emphasis and works with the employee 

in developing project priorities. The hydrologist is responsible for independently planning 

own work, coordinating this work with other hydrologists or resources specialists, resolving 

technical problems, deciding on the necessity for and kind of technical compromise required 

for particular financial, manpower, or instrumentation constraints, and finalizing all assignments. The hydrologist keeps the supervisor informed of possible adverse reactions, publicity, 

or cooperator interest that might arise from study findings or conclusions. The individual's 

analysis, recommendations, and conclusions are relied upon as being technically correct. 

Completed work is reviewed for adherence to overall program policies and attainment of study 

objectives and deadlines.

3. Guidelines

 The guidelines are primarily Water Resource Division policies, operating program guidelines, 

and scientific reference literature. Precedent studies often provide procedural guides or methodology, but studies typically require development of a "tailor-made" approach, due to differences in study objectives, the geology or hydrology of a given study area, the depth of 

investigation, or the techniques available for data collection or model simulation of tr*e hydrologic system. The hydrologist independently adapts or extends the guidelines of chooses from 

among alternative study procedures in attempting to achieve optimum information on which 

to base hydrologic interpretations. The individual uses judgement and ingenuity in developing 

and implementing project plans as well as directing and overseeing project investigations.

4. Complexity

 Assignments involve the development of techniques, methods, and procedures for the study of 

local or regional hydrologic conditions.

 The work is complicated by interrelating factors which must be considered simultaneously, 

such as: (1) multidisciplinary aspects of a study; (2) the varied nature of surface water velocities, ground water flow direction, storage capacity, flow b6undaries, recharge characteristics, 

and water chemistry; (3) complex aspects of model calibration when used as a predictive study 

tool; (4) varied surface and subsurface geology; (5) varied land use conditions such as spatial 

and temporal variation in urbanization and nonuniform water supply development practices.

 The work requires the hydrologist to isolate specific variables to be considered in the study in 

order to describe conditions impinging on the storage, movement, and use of ground and surface water within varied surficial and subsurface geologic environments, to evaluate natural 

and man-induced water quality conditions in hydrologic systems; and to draw scientifically 

correct conclusions from the evaluation of collected data. The hydrologist must be versatile 

and innovative in approach and be able to adopt or extend established techniques or methods 

to overcome existing study problems.

5. Scope and Effect

 The purpose of the work is to investigate and analyze any of a variety of hydrologic problems 

and to provide or recommend alternatives for water resources planning management, and decision-making.

58 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigh* Alaska, 

1994-97
 Results of the work can potentially affect the quantity or quality of water available for use in 

local areas and the socio-economic well-being of dependent communities and industries. 

Study procedures, techniques, or results may also serve as a basis for similar hydrologic 

assignments or studies carried out by other hydrologists.

6. Personal Contacts

 Establishes and maintains contact with a technical staff of cooperators; scientists and ccmmunity planners in other Federal, state, or local agencies; as well as hydrologists and supped personnel in the immediate organization. Contacts are also made with consultant hydrologists and 

engineers as well as landowners, the general public, and contract personnel.

7. Purpose of Contacts

 Contacts are for the purpose of coordinating operational aspects of cooperative projects and 

study methods; to exchange information and resolve operational problems; to determine the 

applicability of state-of-the-art technology and existing study techniques to current project 

assignments; to develop new ideas and interpret methods and procedures; to reconcile conflicting viewpoints; to obtain information from cooperating agencies or other sources as reauired; 

and to provide advice and expertise in hydrologic principles for the solution of problems.

 Contacts are also to gain acceptance for use of different study techniques and methodologies; 

persuade reluctant landowners to provide access to study areas; and to provide information to 

individuals and organizations interested in the study findings, conclusions, and recommendations.

8. Physical Demands

 The work requires frequent physical exertion while conducting field portions of projec* work 

and with inspection of ongoing operations, including walking over rough, rocky, or uneven 

terrain; lifting and carrying equipment and supplies; and wading in streams in all types of 

weather.

9. Work Environment

 The work involves some degree of risk when conducting on-the-ground assessment from operations as well as exposure to moderate discomfort from such extremes as heat, cold, and inclement weather.

APPEND'XB 59
60 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigh* Alaska, 

1994-97
APPENDIX C

FORT WAINWRIGHT ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCES

Alphabetical Order, p. 62

Numerical Order, p. 83

APPEND IX C 61
A total of 225 environmental reports are listed in this annotated bibliography. Folio wing the 

alphabetical listing is a numerical listing of reports, included for ease of cross-referencing reports 

for locations shown on figure A1. Environmental contractor reports are filed by report number and 

available at the Fairbanks office of the U.S. Geological Survey.

Environmental Reports-Alphabetical Order

209 AGRA Earth & Environmental, Inc., 1995, Building 3015 release investigation, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps c f Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0011, delivery 

order no. 0008].

134 AGRA Earth & Environmental, Inc., 1995, Fort Wainwright drilling, sampling, 2nd well 

installation: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0011, delivery order no. 0001].

116 AGRA Earth a& Environmental, Inc., 1995, Fort Wainwright drilling, sampling, and 

well installation Draft, February, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.F. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D0011, delivery order no. 0001].

30 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Final quarterly groundwater monitoring report, 

June 1993, sampling event picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [cont-act no. 

DACA85-91-D-0002, delivery order no. 0013].

34 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Trip report-December [1992], sample collection, 

picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.£. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memoranda and 

field log, contract no. DACA85-91-D-0002, delivery order no. 0013].

31 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Trip report-March [1993], sample collection, 

picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.F. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memorandum and 

field log, delivery order no. 0013, contract no. DACA85-91-D-0002].

33 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Trip report-September [1993], sample co'lection, 

picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.r. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memorandMm and 

field log, contract no. DACA85-91-D-0002, delivery order no. 0013].

171 Arcone, S.A., Lawson, D.E., Delaney, A.J., Strasser, J.D., 1995, Geophysical investigations of subsurface hydrogeologic conditions of the OU2 DRMO site, southeastern cantonment area, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Preliminary interim draft report, August, 1995: 

Hanover, New Hampshire, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, variously paged.

62 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
66 Ballestero, T.P., and French, S.C., 1993 (sic; should be 1994), Final report on microwell 

investigations at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Summer, 1993 Draft, January, 1993 (sic): 

Hanover, New Hampshire, University of New Hampshire Environmental Research 

Group, prepared for U.S. Army CRREL, v. n of n (first volume is report no. 65, though 

title and authors are not the same), 90 p. (plus 2 appendixes).

68 CH2M HILL, 1993, Draft preliminary assessment, Wainwright-September, 1993: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0007].

71 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 2, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

19 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 2, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska Draft, May, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

52 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

53 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), preparec1 for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. D^ CA85- 

92-D-0007].

80 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

55 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D0007].

56 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DP CA85- 

92-D-0007].

20 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, May, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same 

report as no. 45].

APPENDIX C 63
21 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same report as no. 81].

46 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska-Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures--v. 2 

is no. 51), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0004].

51 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska-Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes--v. 1 is no. 46), 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously pag^d [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

70 CH2M HILL, 1993, Technical memorandum, preliminary release investigation report, 

delivery order 3: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, 16 p. (plus 14 figures).

78 CH2M HILL, 1994, Appendix-microwell evaluation [Fort Wainwright, Alaska]: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [this is an appendix to reports no. 65 & no. 66].

176 CH2M HILL, 1994, Building 1060, treatability study interim report, delivery order 10, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery 

order no. 0010].

85 CH2M HILL, 1994, Building 1060, treatability study plan, delivery order 10, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 

0010].

204 CH2M HILL, 1994, Corrective action plan, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0002].

108 CH2M HILL, 1994, Corrective action plan, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-

-Draft, June, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 

0003].

107 CH2M HILL, 1994, Corrective action plan, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-

-Draft, July, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 

0004].

64 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
43 CH2M HILL, 1994, Fort Wainwright underground storage tank sites investigation, 

delivery order 9~Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same report as no. 62].

44 CH2M HILL, 1994, Fort Wainwright underground storage tank sites investigation, 

delivery order 9~Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes A through 

I), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-92-D-000, same report as no. 63].

128 CH2M HILL, 1994, Groundwater sampling for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, December, 1994: Anchorage, 

Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

129 CH2M HILL, 1994, Groundwater sampling for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, December, 1994: Anchorage, 

Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

167 CH2M HILL, 1994, PX service station, treatability study plan, delivery order 11, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery 

order no. 0011].

203 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation, delivery order 2, building 2111, vessel 

integrity evaluation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DAGA 85-92- 

D-0007, delivery order no. 0002, modification no. 3].

202 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 2, building 2111, vessel integrity evaluation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. D.ACA85- 

92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0002, modification no. 3].

99 CH2M HELL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D0007, delivery order no. 0002].

100 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery 

order no. 0002].

89 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D0007, same as report no. 105].

APPENC'X C 65
90 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same as 

report no. 106].

91 CH2M HELL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D00071.

92 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-00071.

165 CH2M HILL, 1995, Groundwater samplings for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1, (text, tables, and 

figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0016].

166 CH2M HILL, 1995, Groundwater samplings for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0016].

200 CH2M HELL, 1995, Groundwater sampling, storage tank sites, site safety and health 

plan, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order 0004].

173 CH2M HILL, 1995, Technical memorandum no. 1, from Win Westervelt to Mark Wallace (USACE), re: Draft work plan for building 3564 release investigation (phase 2), 

October 15, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

188 CH2M HILL, 1996, April 1996 sampling results for groundwater sampling for storage 

tank sites (buildings 1172, 1514, 3425, 3481, and 5110): Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged 

[technical memorandum no. 1, December 23, 1996].

178 CH2M HILL, 1996, Building 1060, treatability study annual report, year one (July 1994 

to July 1995), delivery order 10, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0010].

174 CH2M HILL, 1996, Groundwater modeling at building 3564, delivery ord^r 5, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corpr of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery 

order no. 0005].

66 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigh*, Alaska, 

1994-97
177 CH2M HILL, 1997, Building 1060, treatability study annual report, year two (October 

1995 to December 1996), delivery order 5, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order no. 0005].

175 CH2M HILL, 1997, PX service station treatability study annual report, year two (October 1995 to December 1996), delivery order 5, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order no. 0005].

182 CH2M HILL, 1997, Release investigation report, building 2092, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order no. 0010].

144 Dames & Moore, 1993, Site safety and health plan, limited site investigation, Farmer's 

Loop dump site, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, [contract no. DACA85-93-D0008].

145 Dames & Moore, 1993, Work plan, limited site investigation, Farmer's Loop dump site, 

Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

94 Dames & Moore, 1994, Final report [for limited site investigation], Farmer's Loop 

dump site, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

146 Dames & Moore, 1995, Draft report, comprehensive site investigation, Alaska field station, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

206 Dames & Moore, 1995, Final report, comprehensive site investigation, Alaska field station, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

3 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1991, Fort Wainwright landfill report, Fairbanks, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-88-D-0014, delivery order no. 0011].

16 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1992, Draft management plan for remedial in^estigation/feasibility study at operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

2 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1992, Work plan documents, Birch Hill underground 

storage tank site, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, February, 1992: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0013].

APPENDIX C 67
59 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Area wide community relations plan, Fc*t Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery 

order no. 0016].

142 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1993, Birch Hill underground storage tank site, remedial investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [tanks 345, 346, 2 47, 348, 

349, 350, 353, 354; contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 13].

4 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Draft final management plan for remedial investigation/feasibility study at operable unit 4, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, 

March, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Ergineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 

0020].

28 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1993, Final management plan for remedial investigation/feasibility study at operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0017].

29 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Final management plan for remedial investigation/feasibility study at operable unit 4, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0020].

18 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Soil and groundwater assessment, additional 

underground storage tank sites, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0035].

79 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Soil and groundwater assessment, additional 

underground storage tank sites, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, April, 1993: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0035]

77 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1994, Summary report of the Fort Wainwright technical 

information transfer meeting: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memorandum, cortract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 0001].

132 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1994, Technical specifications, remedial action, Birch 

Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACAF5-91-D0009].

68 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright. Alaska, 

1994-97
133 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1994, Work plan documents, Birch Hill underground 

storage tank site, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, August, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19].

109 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1994, Work plan documents, Birch Hill underground 

storage tank site no. 355, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

93-D-0009, delivery order no. 0019].

212 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Memorandum from Greg Horner, Projec4: Manager, to Mark Wallace, Engineering Project Management for COE, Re: contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19, release investigation, abandoned Birch Hill 

UST Farm, Fort Wainwright, Alaska (amended work plan): Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

224 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Memorandum from Greg Horner, Projec* Manager, to Mark Wallace, Engineering Project Management for COE, Re: contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19, release investigation and corrective action 

plan; Nike Site C battery control building, former underground storage tank site; Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

136 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Record of Decision for interim remedial action, 

chemical agent dump site, operable unit 1, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, 24 p. + 1 appendix.

216 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Release investigation report, Birch Hill underground storage tank site no. 355, Abandoned underground storage tank farm, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Facility ID number 0-001314~Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, / laska, 

prepared for the U.S. Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19].

138 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Remedial investigation report, operable unit 4, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I: report, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0009, delivery order no. 7].

139 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Risk assessment report, operable unit 4, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery 

order no. 0007].

185 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1996, Release investigation report / corrective action 

plan, abandoned Birch Hill underground storage tank farm sites, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska, Facility ID no. 0-001314: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps 

of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19].

APPEND X C 69
217 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1996, Release investigation report / corrective action 

plan, Nike Site C battery control building, Yukon Command Training Center, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0009, delivery order no. 19].

111 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1994, Fort Wainwright 1993 groundwater summary report, Fairbanks, Alaska Final: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 of 2 (text, tables, illustrations, and appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0010].

112 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1994, Fort Wainwright 1993 groundwater summary report, Fairbanks, Alaska Final: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 of 2 (boring logs), prepared fcr the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93- 

D-0013, delivery order no. 0010].

140 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Draft Fort Wainwright 1994 groundwater summrry report, 

Fairbanks, Alaska-Draft, April, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0013, 

delivery order no. 0010].

150 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Final Fort Wainwright 1994 groundwater summrry report, 

Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0013, delivery order no. 

0010].

151 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Final groundwater monitoring, January 1995 sampling 

event, Fort Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

141 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Final groundwater monitoring, May 1995 sampPng event, 

Fort Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska- prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

131 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Petroleum, oil, and lubricant status report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 

0005, modification 2].

199 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1996, Groundwater monitoring, July 1995 sampling event, Fort 

Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

70 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
186 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1996, Groundwater monitoring, October 1995 sampling event, 

Fort Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

169 ENSR Consulting and Engineering, 1995, Chemical data acquisition study, operable 

unit 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Arm}' Corps 

of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0010, delivery order no. 0003, ENSR Project no. 9000-043].

122 ENSR Consulting and Engineering, 1995, Supplemental data, railroad off-loading facility, building 5110, Fort Wainwright Draft, April, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-94-D-0010, delivery order no. 0003, ENSR project no. 9000-043].

152 ENSR Consulting and Engineering, 1996, Draft report, release investigations for buildings 1002, 1168, and 2250 Draft, January, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [document no. 9000- 

062-500].

189 ENSR Corporation, 1996, Bioventing respiration test at buildings 1002, 1168, and 

2250 Final, December, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [document no. 9000-062].

181 ENSR Corporation, 1997, Work plan, rhizosphere-enhanced phytoremediation treatability study Final, May, 1997: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [document no. 9000-132].

225 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment for Yukon 

Maneuver Area, Nike Sites B & C, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, September, 1994: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously 

paged [contract no.DACA85-93-C-0036 P00004].

213 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment, remedial action, 

Birch Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

93-C-0036 P00002].

214 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment, remedial action, 

Birch Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of n, book one, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-C-0036 P00002].

215 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment, remedial action, 

Birch Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of n, book two, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-C-0036 P00002].

APPENC'X C 71
10 Hording Lawson Associates, 1992, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1992: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of 

HE, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-91-0008, delivery order no. 0002].

11 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1992: Anchorage, Alaska, v. El of 

HI (appendixes A through F), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-0008, delivery order no. 0002].

74 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Work plan, defense reutilization, marketing office, 

operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, phase 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

198 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Work plan, operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91- 

0008, delivery order no. 0002].

42 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [7 sections & 5 appendixes, contract no. DACA85-91-0008, delivery order no. 0002].

72 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [DACA85-91-0008, 

delivery order no. 0002].

12 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 2, defense reutilization marketing office, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of n, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

13 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 2, defense reutilization marketing office, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, v. El of El (appendixes A through J), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D0008, delivery order no. 0004].

5 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 2, defense reutilization marketing office, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-- 

Draft, February, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery 

order no. 0004].

72 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigt *. Alaska, 

1994-97
6 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Maintenance facility audit, operable unit 1, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, March, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91- 

D-0008, delivery order no. 0009, HLA Project 21838].

27 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Operable unit 2, remedial investigation/feasibility 

study management plan, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft final, November, 1993: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0011].

1 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Site safety and health plan, chemical agent dump, 

operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0013].

76 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Site safety and health plan, phase n site investigation, building 1565, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91- 

D-0008, delivery order no. 0013].

7 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, Fort Wainwright federal facility agreement, operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0010, same as 

report no. 75].

38 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, Fort Wainwright, federal facility agreement, operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, 

March, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery o~der no. 

0010].

73 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0014].

9 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, June, 1993: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0014, same as report no. 

17].

69 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Final management plan, operable unit 2, remedial 

investigation/feasibility study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0011].

APPENDIX C 73
60 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II (text, tables, and illustrations), 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same 

as reports no. 88, 97, and 102).

61 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of II (appendixes A through H), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same as 

reports no. 98 and 103).

36 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II (text, 

tables, and figures), variously paged (same as report no. 47).

37 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of IT (appendixes A through G), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged (same as report no. 48).

47 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II (text, 

tables, and illustrations), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same as report no. 36).

48 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of n (appendixes A through G), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged (same as report no. 37).

86 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

support work, building 1168, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same as report no. 

95).

35 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

support work, Building 1168, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0014, same as report no. 

50].

40 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Phase II site investigation, Building 1565, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same as report no. 54).

64 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, Blair Lakes and 

drum sites, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

74 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
87 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same as report no. 96).

49 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

130 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, 801 

drum burial site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

41 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, 801 

drum burial site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same 

as report no. 58).

220 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Technical memorandum, from Timothy Gould to 

Mark Wallace (COE), re: Monitoring results, 1546 and 3483 sites remediation, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

115 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft final management plan, operable unit 5, remedial investigation/feasibility study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, April, 1995: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

123 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft final postwide risk assessment, approach document, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, April, 1995: Denver, Colorado, prepare! for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

114 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft management plan, operable unit 5, remedial 

investigation/feasibility study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

172 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft release investigation report, buildir^ 3564, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

124 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, North airfield groundwater investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

161 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, North airfield groundwater investigation, (PFE), Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 28292].

APPENDIX C 75
125 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable unit 2, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of III (text, 

tables, and illustrations), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alarka District, variously paged.

126 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable unit 2, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of m (appendixes A through I), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

127 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable unit 2, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, v. HI of HI (aopendix 

J), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

170 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable Unit 2, final remedial investigation 

report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, June, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

28829].

118 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Postwide risk assessment, approach document, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1995: Denver, Colorado, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

149 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Release investigation report, south airfield buildings 

2111 and 2112, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

205 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Release investigation report, south airfield buildings 

2111 and 2112, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, February, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 28292].

164 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Technical memorandum, preliminary postwide risk 

assessment, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 32664].

192 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Ecological risk assessment, operable unit 2, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps cf Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 28829 6.8.6].

194 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Fort Wainwright postwide risk assessment, precision, accuracy, representativeness, completeness, and comparability analysis, data quality assessment: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 32664 16].

195 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 2, final remedial investigatior report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of HI (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 28829].

76 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
196 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft final remedial investigation 

report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, August, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of III, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 32523].

197 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft final remedial investigation 

report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, August, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of El, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 32523].

158 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, May, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of III, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

32523].

159 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, May, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of El, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

32523].

160 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, May, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. ffl of Ell, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA P'oject 

32523].

193 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Technical memorandum, April 1996 quarterly monitoring results, building 1168 treatability study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [HLA Project 28997].

162 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Technical memorandum, March 1996 monthly monitoring results, building 1168 treatability study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [HLA Project 28997].

180 Harding Lawson Associates, 1997,1996 Annual report, building 1168 treatability study, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

179 Harding Lawson Associates, 1997, Laboratory bioremediation study, delivery order 

0017, contract DACA85-94-D-0008, operable unit 5, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged.

155 Hart Crowser, 1995, Draft pilot study plan, underground storage tank release inve^tigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 2].

APPENDir C 77
154 Hart Crowser, 1995, Draft work plan, underground storage tank release investigation, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, November, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 2].

190 Hart Crowser, 1996, Draft work plan, record of decision design study, operable unit 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, 

U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 12].

191 Hart Crowser, 1996, Final work plan, design verification study, operable unit 3, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corp* of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery 

order no. 4].

187 Hart Crowser, 1996, June 1996 groundwater monitoring event, picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order 

no. 4].

157 Hart Crowser, 1996, Pilot study plan, underground storage tank release investigation, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, 

U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 2].

156 Hart Crowser, 1996, Work plan, underground storage tank release investigation, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, U.S. 

Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, 

delivery order no. 2].

184 Hart Crowser, 1997, 1996 Monitoring report, design verification study, operable unit 3, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, 

U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 4].

219 Hart Crowser, 1997, 60 percent design, design drawings, cost estimate, construction 

specifications, design verification study, operable unit 3, Fort Wainwrigl t, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alasl'a District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 4].

218 Hart Crowser, 1997, Design analysis, 60 percent design, design verification study, operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 4].

183 Hart Crowser, 1997, Draft UST release investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, 

January 10, 1997: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, U.S. 

Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-S5-D-0010, 

delivery order no. 2].

78 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrirht, Alaska, 

1994-97
207 Hart Crowser, 1997, Quarterly monitoring report, MP 15.75 FEP, design verification 

study, operable unit 3, Ft. Wainwright: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACAP5-95-D0010, delivery order no. 4].

223 Hart Crowser, 1997, UST release investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 2].

39 Lawson, D.E., Arcone, S.A., Strasser, J.C., Delaney, A., Williams, C., and Albert, D., 

1993, Geological and geophysical analyses of permafrost and ground water conditions, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska 1993 progress report: Hanover, New Hampshire, U.S. Army 

CRREL, prepared for the 6th infantry division, Ft. Richardson, Alaska, and U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same report as no. 110).

93 Lawson, D.E., Strasser, J.C., and Davi, J.M., 1994, Geological and geophysical investigations of the hydrogeology of operable unit 3 [Fort Wainwright, Alaska] Interim draft 

report: Hanover, N.H., U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 

variously paged.

67 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1993, Health and safety final report for drummed 

waste removal, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Walnut Creek, California, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska, variously 

paged [appendixes missing].

14 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1993, Operations final report for drummed waste 

removal, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Walnut Creek, California, v. I of n, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska, variously paged [contract no. DACW45-89-D-0516].

15 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1993, Sampling and analytical final report for 

drummed waste removal, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Walnut Creek, California, v. n of n, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, 

Nebraska, variously paged [contract no. DACW45-89-D-0516].

137 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1995, Draft project work plans, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged [cor'ract no. 

DACA85-94-D-017, delivery order no. 3].

210 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1995, Draft remedial action report, chemical agent 

dump site, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Directorate of 

Public Works, U.S. Army, Alaska, and the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, Fairbanks Resident Office, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged (Book 1 of 2) [USACE 

contract DACA85-94-D-0017, delivery order no. 0003].

APPENDIX C 79
211 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1995, Draft remedial action report, chemical agent 

dump site, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Directorate of 

Public Works, U.S. Army, Alaska, and the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, Fairbanks Resident Office, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged (Book 2 of 2) [USAGE 

contract DACA85-94-D-0017, delivery order no. 0003].

8 Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 1992, Work plan and sampling plan, potential offsite groundwater contaminant migration, west boundary, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fairbanks, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged.

65 Solie, D.J., and Currier, P.M., 1993, Summary report on the 1993 microwell field program at Fort Wainwright and the Farmers Loop Research Area near Fairbanks, Alaska- 

-Draft, November, 1993: Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S. Army CRREL internal repor*, v. I of 

n (second volume is report no. 66, though title and authors are not the same), variously 

paged.

26 Thomas, D.F., 1992, Memorandum for CENPA-EN-MB-C (Corps of Engineers), chemical data report, underground storage tank investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged [includes references, location and site maps, sample analyses results, and exploration logs, etc.].

32 Thomas, Delwyn F, 1993, Memorandum for CENPA-EN-EE-AI (Corps of Engineers) 

regarding data, March 1993 picket wells sampling, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, variously 

paged.

221 U.S. Army (Aberdeen Proving Grounds), 1995, After action review, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: APG, Maryland, variously paged (trip report).

222 U.S. Army (Aberdeen Proving Grounds), 1995, TEU work plan, attachment D, chemical 

agent dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: APG, Maryland, variously paged.

163 U.S. Army, Alaska, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1996, Installation action plan for Fort Richardson, Fort Wainwright, Fort Greely, Haines, Gerstle 

River Test Site: Anchorage/Fairbanks, Alaska, pages not numbered.

82 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, ?, Operable unit 4, transect Lir°-s: Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged.

84 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1991, Groundwater monitoring network, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, variously paged (same report as no. 25).

24 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1992, Groundwater monitoring network, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, variously paged.

80 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
57 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Background data analysis for 

arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium and lead on Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, variously paged.

135 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Background values for arsenic 

and barium at Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, 22 p. + 2 appendixes.

22 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Groundwater monitoring report 

for Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation restoration Program, v. 1 of 2 (report, data tables, figures), variously paged.

23 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Groundwater monitoring report 

for Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, v. 2 of 2 (Appendix A: soil exploration logs, Appendix B: quality assurance reports), variously paged.

143 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1995, Chemical data report, gro'indwater monitoring, 9 supply wells, January, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, COE Geotechnical 

Branch, Materials and Instrumentation Section, variously paged.

201 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1995, Groundwater monitoring, supply 

wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, spring, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, COE Geotechnical 

Branch, Materials and Instrumentation Section, variously paged.

208 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1995, Groundwater monitoring, supply 

wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, summer, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, COE Geotechnical 

Branch, Materials and Instrumentation Section, variously paged.

168 U.S. Army CRREL, 1993, Geological and geophysical analyses of permafrost and 

groundwater conditions, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

121 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Addition of analytic functions for determining unsaturated 

hydraulic conductivity and pollution source terms to 3DFEMFAT: Hanover, New Hampshire, variously paged [CRREL internal report 1146].

113 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Interim report of field experiments using small diameter wells 

for subsurface investigations at Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, December, 1994: 

Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [prepared in cooperation with Pine & Swallow Associates, Inc. 

and the University of New Hampshire].

101 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Project documents for modeling of ground water flow and 

contaminant transport at Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

APPENDIX C 81
120 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Pulsed NMR determination of unfrozen water contents in soil 

samples collected at Ft. Wainwright: Hanover, New Hampshire, variously paged 

[CRREL internal report 1149].

153 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Continuous determination of ground water flow direction and 

gradient at selected sites of CERCLA concern, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Hanc ver, New 

Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Department of the Army, Alaska, Department of Public Works, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 20 p. + 2 appendixes 

[second year, second interim report, CRREL contract report 22].

119 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Interim report ground water flow and contaminant transport 

analyses for OU3 tank farm area model no. 1, steady state results, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, February, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, and the U.S. Department of the Arm}' Alaska, 

Department of Public Works, variously paged [CRREL contract report XX].

117 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Microwell investigations, 1994 (Ft. Wainwright, Alaska)- 

Preliminary draft, March 2, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [prepared in cooperation 

with the University of New Hampshire-consists of two sections: 1) Potential for small 

diameter well (SDW) installation to cause vertical contaminant transport; 2) Representativeness of small diameter well (SDW) water quality].

147 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Preliminary report on numerical modeling of transient 

groundwater movement in the north airfield vicinity at Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, 

June, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged.

148 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Preliminary report on numerical modeling of transient 

groundwater movement in the north airfield vicinity at Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, 

November, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps- of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

82 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrighf, Alaska, 

1994-97
Environmental Reports-Numerical Order

1 Raiding Lawson Associates, 1993, Site safety and health plan, chemical agert dump, 

operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0013].

2 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1992, Work plan documents, Birch Hill underground 

storage tank site, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, February, 1992: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0013].

3 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1991, Fort Wainwright landfill report, Fairbanks, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-88-D-0014, delivery order no. 0011].

4 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Draft final management plan for remedial investigation/feasibility study at operable unit 4, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaskr-Draft, 

March, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 

0020].

5 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 2, defense reutilization marketing office, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-- 

Draft, February, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery 

order no. 0004].

6 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Maintenance facility audit, operable unit 1, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91- 

D-0008, delivery order no. 0009, HLA Project 21838].

7 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, Fort Wainwright federal facility agreement, operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0010, same 

report as no. 75],

8 Shannon & Wilson, Inc., 1992, Work plan and sampling plan, potential offsite groundwater contaminant migration, west boundary, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fairbanks, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged.

APPENDIX C 83
9 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, June, 1993: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0014, same repo*t as no. 

17].

10 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1992: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of 

IE, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-91-0008, delivery order no. 0002].

11 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1992: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of 

in (appendixes A through F), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-0008, delivery order no. 0002],

12 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 2, defense reutilization, marketing office, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of H, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

13 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 2, defense reutilization, marketing office, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of n (appendixes A through J), prepared for the U.F. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D0008, delivery order no. 0004].

14 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1993, Operations final report for drummed waste 

removal, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Walnut Creek, California, v. I of n, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska, variously paged [contract no. DACW45-89-D-0516].

15 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1993, Sampling and analytical final report for 

drummed waste removal, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Walnut Creek, California, v. n of n, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, 

Nebraska, variously paged [contract no. DACW45-89-D-0516].

16 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1992, Draft management plan for remedial investigation/feasibility study at operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

17 See no. 9; same report.

18 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Soil and groundwater assessment, additional 

underground storage tank sites, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0035].

84 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
19 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007],

20 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, May, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same report as no. 45].

21 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same report as no. 81].

22 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Groundwater monitoring report 

for Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation restoration Program, v. 1 of 2 (report, data tables, figures), variously paged.

23 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Groundwater monitoring report 

for Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Pestoration Program, v. 2 of 2 (Appendix A: soil exploration logs, Appendix B: quality assurance reports), variously paged.

24 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1992, Groundwater monitoring network, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, variously paged.

25 See no. 84; same report.

26 Thomas, D.F., 1992, Memorandum for CENPA-EN-MB-C (Corps of Engineers), chemical data report, underground storage tank investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged [includes references, location and site map*, sample analyses results, and exploration logs, etc.].

27 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Operable unit 2, remedial investigation/feasibility 

study management plan, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft final, November, 1993: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0011].

28 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1993, Final management plan for remedial investigation/feasibility study at operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0017].

29 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Final management plan for remedial iir'estigation/feasibility study at operable unit 4, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0020].

APPENDIX C 85
30 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Final quarterly groundwater monitoring report, 

June 1993, sampling event picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-91-D-0002, delivery order no. 0013].

31 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Trip report-March [1993], sample collection, 

picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memorandum and 

field log, delivery order no. 0013, contract no. DACA85-91-D-0002].

32 Thomas, Delwyn E, 1993, Memorandum for CENPA-EN-EE-AI (Corps of Engineers) 

regarding data, March 1993 picket wells sampling, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, variously 

paged.

33 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Trip report September [1993], sample collection, 

picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memorandum and 

field log, contract no. DACA85-91-D-0002, delivery order no. 0013].

34 America North/EMCON Inc., 1993, Trip report December [1992], sample collection, 

picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memoranda and 

field log, contract no. DACA85-91-D-0002, delivery order no. 0013].

35 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

support work, Building 1168, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0014, same report as no. 

50].

36 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II (text, 

tables, and figures), variously paged.

37 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of n (appendixes A through G), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged.

38 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, Fort Wainwright, federal facility agreement, operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, 

March, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery crder no. 

0010].

86 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
39 Lawson, D.E., Arcone, S.A., Strasser, J.C., Delaney, A., Williams, C., and Albert, D., 

1993, Geological and geophysical analyses of permafrost and ground water conditions, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska 1993 progress report: Hanover, New Hampshire, U.S. Army 

CRREL, prepared for the 6th infantry division, Ft. Richardson, Alaska, and U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same report as no. 110).

40 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Phase II site investigation, Building 1565, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same report as no. 54).

41 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, 801 

drum burial site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same 

report as no. 58).

42 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [7 sections & 5 appendixes, contract no. DACA85-91-0008, delivery order no. 0002].

43 CH2M HILL, 1994, Fort Wainwright underground storage tank sites investigation, 

delivery order 9~Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same report as no. 62].

44 CH2M HILL, 1994, Fort Wainwright underground storage tank sites invest: gation, 

delivery order 9 Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes A through 

I), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same report as no. 63].

45 See no. 20; same report.

46 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures-v. 2 

is no. 51), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0004].

47 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II (text, 

tables, and illustrations), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

48 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of n (appendixes A through G), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged.

APPENDIX C 87
49 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

50 See no. 35; same report.

51 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes v. 1 is no. 46), 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

52 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska-Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

53 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

92-D-0007].

54 See no. 40; same report.

55 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA£5-92-D0007].

56 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska Draft, December, 1993: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

92-D-0007].

57 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Background data analysis for 

arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium and lead on Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fen Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, variously paged.

58 See no. 41; same report.

59 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Area wide community relations plan, Fen Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery 

order no. 0016].

60 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of n (text, tables, and illustrations), 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously page.d (same 

report as no. 88, no. 97 & no. 102).

88 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright. Alaska, 

1994-97
61 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 1, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of II (appendixes A through H), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same 

report as no. 98 & no. 103).

62 See no. 43; same report.

63 See no. 44; same report.

64 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, Blair Lakes and 

drum sites, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

65 Solie, D.J., and Currier, P.M., 1993, Summary report on the 1993 micro well fi-Jd program at Fort Wainwright and the Farmers Loop Research Area near Fairbanks, Alaska- 

-Draft, November, 1993: Fairbanks, Alaska, U.S. Army CRREL internal repor, v. I of 

II (second volume is report no. 66, though title and authors are not the same), variously 

paged.

66 Ballestero, T.P., and French, S.C., 1993 (sic; should be 1994), Final report on microwell 

investigations at Fort Wainwright, Alaska, Summer, 1993 Draft, January, 1993 (sic): 

Hanover, New Hampshire, University of New Hampshire Environmental Research 

Group, prepared for U.S. Army CRREL, v. II of II (first volume is report no. 65, though 

title and authors are not the same), 90 p. (plus 2 appendixes).

67 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1993, Health and safety final report for drummed 

waste removal, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Walnut Creek, California, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Omaha District, Omaha, Nebraska, variously 

paged [appendixes missing].

68 CH2M HILL, 1993, Draft preliminary assessment, Wainwright-September, 1993: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0007].

69 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Final management plan, operable unit 2, remedial 

investigation/feasibility study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0011].

70 CH2M HILL, 1993, Technical memorandum, preliminary release investigation report, 

delivery order 3: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, 16 p. (plus 14 figures).

71 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 2, Fort Wairrwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

APPENDIX C 89
72 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Final report, operable unit 2, preliminary source 

evaluation 2, phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [DACA85-91-0008, 

delivery order no. 0002].

73 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Work plan, operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0014].

74 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Work plan, defense reutilization, marketing office, 

operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, phase 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

75 See no. 7; same report.

76 Harding Lawson Associates, 1993, Site safety and health plan, phase n site irvestigation, building 1565, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91- 

D-0008, delivery order no. 0013].

77 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1994, Summary report of the Fort Wainwright technical 

information transfer meeting: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [with attached memorandum, contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 0001].

78 CH2M HILL, 1994, Appendix-microwell evaluation [Fort Wainwright, Alaska]: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [this is an appendix to reports no. 65 & no. 66].

79 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1993, Soil and groundwater assessment, additional 

underground storage tank sites, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, April, 1993: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 0035]

80 CH2M HILL, 1993, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

81 See no. 21; same report.

82 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, ?, Operable unit 4, transect Lira-s: Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged.

83 Retired number.

90 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
84 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1991, Groundwater monitorng network, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, variously paged (same report as no. 25).

85 CH2M HILL, 1994, Building 1060, treatability study plan, delivery order 10, Fo-t Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery o^der no. 

0010].

86 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, 

support work, Building 1168, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same report as 

no. 95).

87 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged (same report as no. 96).

88 See no. 60; same report.

89 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D0007, same report as no. 105].

90 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 3, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, same 

report as no. 106].

91 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D0007].

92 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

93 Lawson, D.E., Strasser, J.C., and Davi, J.M., 1994, Geological and geophysical investigations of the hydrogeology of operable unit 3 [Fort Wainwright, Alaska] Interim draft 

report: Hanover, N.H., U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, 

variously paged.

94 Dames & Moore, 1994, Final report [for limited site investigation], Farmer's Loop 

dump site, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

95 See no. 86; same report.

APPENDIX C 91
96 See no. 87; same report.

97 See no. 60; same report.

98 See no. 61; same report.

99 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D0007, delivery order no. 0002].

100 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation report, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery 

order no. 0002].

101 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Project documents for modeling of ground water flow and 

contaminant transport at Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

102 See no. 60; same report.

103 See no. 61; same report.

104 Retired number.

105 See no. 89; same report.

106 See no. 90; same report.

107 CH2M HELL, 1994, Corrective action plan, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-

-Draft, July, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery c^der no. 

0004].

108 CH2M HELL, 1994, Corrective action plan, delivery order 3, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-

-Draft, June, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery c rder no. 

0003].

109 Ecology and Environment Inc., 1994, Work plan documents, Birch Hill underground 

storage tank site no. 355, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

93-D-0009, delivery order no. 0019].

110 See no. 39; same report.

92 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
111 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1994, Fort Wainwright 1993 groundwater summary report, Fairbanks, Alaska-Final: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1 of 2 (text, tables, illustrations, and appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged 

[contract no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0010].

112 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1994, Fort Wainwright 1993 groundwater summary report, Fairbanks, Alaska-Final: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 of 2 (boring logs), prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93- 

D-0013, delivery order no. 0010].

113 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Interim report of field experiments using small diameter wells 

for subsurface investigations at Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, December, 1994: 

Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [prepared in cooperation with Pine & Swallow Associates, Inc. 

and the University of New Hampshire].

114 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft management plan, operable unit 5, remedial 

investigation/feasibility study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004],

115 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft final management plan, operable unit f, remedial investigation/feasibility study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, April, 1995: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0008, delivery order no. 0004].

116 AGRA Earth & Environmental, Inc., 1995, Fort Wainwright drilling, sampling, and well 

installation Draft, February, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D0011, delivery order no. 0001].

117 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Microwell investigations, 1994 (Ft. Wainwright, Ataska)- 

Preliminary draft, March 2, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [prepared in cooperation 

with the University of New Hampshire consists of two sections: 1) Potential for small 

diameter well (SDW) installation to cause vertical contaminant transport; 2) Representativeness of small diameter well (SDW) water quality].

118 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Postwide risk assessment, approach document, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1995: Denver, Colorado, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

119 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Interim report-ground water flow and contaminant transport 

analyses for OU3 tank farm area model no. 1, steady state results, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska-Draft, February, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, and the U.S. Department of the Army Alaska, 

Department of Public Works, variously paged [CRREL contract report XX].

APPENDIX C 93
120 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Pulsed NMR determination of unfrozen water contents in soil 

samples collected at Ft. Wainwright: Hanover, New Hampshire, variously paged 

[CRREL internal report 1149].

121 U.S. Army CRREL, 1994, Addition of analytic functions for determining un^aturated 

hydraulic conductivity and pollution source terms to 3DFEMFAT: Hanover, New Hampshire, variously paged [CRREL internal report 1146].

122 ENSR Consulting and Engineering, 1995, Supplemental data, railroad offloading facility, building 5110, Fort Wainwright-Draft, April, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-94-D-0010, delivery order no. 0003, ENSR project no. 9000-043].

123 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft final postwide risk assessment, approach document, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, April, 1995: Denver, Colorado, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

124 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, North airfield groundwater investigation, Pen Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

125 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable unit 2, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of III (text, 

tables, and illustrations), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

126 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable unit 2, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, v. n of ffl (appendixes A through I), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

127 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable unit 2, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, v. HI of HI (rDpendix 

J), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

128 CH2M HILL, 1994, Groundwater sampling for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, December, 1994: Anchorage, 

Alaska, v. 1 (text, tables, and figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

129 CH2M HILL, 1994, Groundwater sampling for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, December, 1994: Anchorage, 

Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alf ka District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007].

130 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Preliminary source evaluation 2, support work, 801 

drum burial site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

94 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright. Alaska, 

1994-97
131 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Petroleum, oil, and lubricant status report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery o^der no. 

0005, modification 2].

132 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1994, Technical specifications, remedial action, Birch 

Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.r. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-91-D0009].

133 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1994, Work plan documents, Birch Hill underground 

storage tank site, Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, August, 1994: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [cont-act no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19].

134 AGRA Earth & Environmental, Inc., 1995, Fort Wainwright drilling, sampling, and well 

installation: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [HTRW contract no. DACA85-94-D-0011, delivery order no. 

0001].

135 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1993, Background values for arsenic 

and barium at Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Fort Wainwright, Alaska, U.S. Army Installation Restoration Program, 22 p. + 2 appendixes.

136 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Record of Decision for interim remedial action, 

chemical agent dump site, operable unit 1, Fort Wainwright, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, 24 p. + 1 appendix.

137 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1995, Draft project work plans, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-94-D-017, delivery order no. 3].

138 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Remedial investigation report, operable unit 4, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I: report, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0009, delivery order no. 7].

139 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Risk assessment report, operable unit 4, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery 

order no. 0007].

140 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Draft Fort Wainwright 1994 groundwater summary report, 

Fairbanks, Alaska Draft, April, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0013, 

delivery order no. 0010].

APPENDIX C 95
141 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Final groundwater monitoring, May 1995 samplir^ event, 

Fort Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

142 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1993, Birch Hill underground storage tank site, remedial investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [tanks 345, 346, 3*7, 348, 

349, 350, 353, 354; contract no. DACA85-91-D-0003, delivery order no. 13].

143 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1995, Chemical data report, groundwater monitoring, 9 supply wells, January, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, COE Geotechnical 

Branch, Materials and Instrumentation Section, variously paged.

144 Dames & Moore, 1993, Site safety and health plan, limited site investigation, Farmer's 

Loop dump site, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.£. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0008].

145 Dames & Moore, 1993, Work plan, limited site investigation, Farmer's Loop dump site, 

Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

146 Dames & Moore, 1995, Draft report, comprehensive site investigation, Alaska f ^ld station, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

147 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Preliminary report on numerical modeling of transient 

groundwater movement in the north airfield vicinity at Fort Wainwright, Alaske Draft, 

June, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged.

148 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Preliminary report on numerical modeling of transient 

groundwater movement in the north airfield vicinity at Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, 

November, 1995: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

149 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Release investigation report, south airfield buildings 

2111 and 2112, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

150 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Final Fort Wainwright 1994 groundwater summary report, 

Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0013, delivery o^der no. 

0010].

96 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
151 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1995, Final groundwater monitoring, January 1995 sampling 

event, Fort Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

152 ENSR Consulting and Engineering, 1996, Draft report, release investigations for buildings 1002, 1168, and 2250-Draft, January, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [document no. 9000- 

062-500].

153 U.S. Army CRREL, 1995, Continuous determination of ground water flow direction and 

gradient at selected sites of CERCLA concern, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Hanover, New 

Hampshire, prepared for the U.S. Department of the Army, Alaska, Department of Public Works, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 20 p. + 2 appendixes 

[second year, second interim report, CRREL contract report 22].

154 Hart Crowser, 1995, Draft work plan, underground storage tank release investigation, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 2].

155 Hart Crowser, 1995, Draft pilot study plan, underground storage tank release investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, November, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variouslv paged 

[contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 2].

156 Hart Crowser, 1996, Work plan, underground storage tank release investigation, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Amy, U.S. 

Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, 

delivery order no. 2].

157 Hart Crowser, 1996, Pilot study plan, underground storage tank release investigation, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, 

U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 2].

158 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft remedial investigatior report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, May, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of in, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

32523].

159 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft remedial investigatior report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, May, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of HI, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

32523].

APPENDIX C 97
160 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, May, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. HI of HI, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

32523].

161 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, North airfield groundwater investigation, (P^E), Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 28292].

162 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Technical memorandum, March 1996 monthly monitoring results, building 1168 treatability study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [HLA Project 28997].

163 U.S. Army, Alaska, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 199(\ Installation action plan for Fort Richardson, Fort Wainwright, Fort Greely, Haines, Gerstle 

River Test Site: Anchorage/Fairbanks, Alaska, pages not numbered.

164 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Technical memorandum, preliminary postwide risk 

assessment, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 32664],

165 CH2M HILL, 1995, Groundwater samplings for storage tank sites, report of findings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 1, (text, tat^es, and 

figures), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0016].

166 CH2M HILL, 1995, Groundwater samplings for storage tank sites, report of f ndings, 

delivery order 16, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. 2 (appendixes), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0016].

167 CH2M HILL, 1994, PX service station, treatability study plan, delivery order 11, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery 

order no. 0011].

168 U.S. Army CRREL, 1993, Geological and geophysical analyses of permafrost and 

groundwater conditions, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Hanover, New Hampshire, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

169 ENSR Consulting and Engineering, 1995, Chemical data acquisition study, operable 

unit 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps 

of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0010, delivery order no. 0003, ENSR Project no. 9000-043].

98 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
170 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Operable Unit 2, final remedial investigation 

report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, June, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for 

the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 

28829].

171 Arcone, S.A., Lawson, D.E., Delaney, A.J., Strasser, J.D., 1995, Geophysical investigations of subsurface hydrogeologic conditions of the OU2 DRMO site, southeastern cantonment area, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Preliminary interim draft report, August, 1995: 

Hanover, New Hampshire, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, variously paged.

172 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Draft release investigation report, building 3564, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, January, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

173 CH2M HILL, 1995, Technical memorandum no. 1, from Win Westervelt to Mark Wallace (USAGE), re: Draft work plan for building 3564 release investigation (phase 2), 

October 15, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

174 CH2M HILL, 1996, Groundwater modeling at building 3564, delivery order 5, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery 

order no. 0005].

175 CH2M HILL, 1997, PX service station treatability study annual report, year two (October 1995 to December 1996), delivery order 5, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order no. 0005].

176 CH2M HILL, 1994, Building 1060, treatability study interim report, delivery order 10, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery 

order no. 0010].

177 CH2M HILL, 1997, Building 1060, treatability study annual report, year two (October 

1995 to December 1996), delivery order 5, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order no. 0005].

178 CH2M HILL, 1996, Building 1060, treatability study annual report, year one (July 1994 

to July 1995), delivery order 10, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0010].

179 Harding Lawson Associates, 1997, Laboratory bioremediation study, delivery order 

0017, contract DACA85-94-D-0008, operable unit 5, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged.

APPENDIX C 99
180 Harding Lawson Associates, 1997,1996 Annual report, building 1168 treatability study, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged.

181 ENSR Corporation, 1997, Work plan, rhizosphere-enhanced phytoremediation treatability study Final, May, 1997: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [document no. 9000-132].

182 CH2M HILL, 1997, Release investigation report, building 2092, Fort Wairwright, 

Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska 

District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order no. 0010].

183 Hart Crowser, 1997, Draft UST release investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, 

January 10, 1997: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Amy, U.S. 

Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, 

delivery order no. 2].

184 Hart Crowser, 1997, 1996 Monitoring report, design verification study, operabb unit 3, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of tin Army, 

U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 4].

185 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1996, Release investigation report / corrective action 

plan, abandoned Birch Hill underground storage tank farm sites, Fort Wainwright, 

Alaska, Facility ID no. 0-001314: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Arrry Corps 

of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0000 , delivery order no. 19].

186 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1996, Final groundwater monitoring, October 1995 sampling 

event, Fort Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alarka, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract 

no. DACA85-93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

187 Hart Crowser, 1996, June 1996 groundwater monitoring event, picket wells, Fo't Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order 

no. 4].

188 CH2M HILL, 1996, April 1996 sampling results for groundwater sampling for storage 

tank sites (buildings 1172, 1514, 3425, 3481, and 5110): Anchorage, Alaska, prepared 

for the Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged 

[technical memorandum no. 1, December 23, 1996].

189 ENSR Corporation, 1996, Bioventing respiration test at buildings 1002, 1168, and 

2250 Final, December, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of 

Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [document no. 9000-062].

100 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigh* Alaska, 

1994-97
190 Hart Crowser, 1996, Draft work plan, record of decision design study, operable unit 2, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Department of the Army, 

U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 12].

191 Hart Crowser, 1996, Final work plan, design verification study, operable unit 3, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery 

order no. 4].

192 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Ecological risk assessment, operable unit 2, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps cf Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 28829 6.8.6].

193 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Technical memorandum, April 1996 quarter1 y monitoring results, building 1168 treatability study, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [HLA Project 28997].

194 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Fort Wainwright postwide risk assessment, precision, accuracy, representativeness, completeness, and comparability analysis, data quality assessment: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 

Alaska District, variously paged [HLA Project 32664 16].

195 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 2, final remedial investigation report, 

Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of HI (text, tables, and figure?), prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 28829].

196 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft final remedial investigation 

report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, August, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of HI, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 32523].

197 Harding Lawson Associates, 1996, Operable unit 5, draft final remedial investigation 

report, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, August, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of HI, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 32523].

198 Harding Lawson Associates, 1992, Work plan, operable unit 2, preliminary source evaluation 2, phase 1, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DAC/ 85-91- 

0008, delivery order no. 0002],

199 EMCON Alaska, Inc., 1996, Groundwater monitoring, July 1995 sampling event, Fort 

Wainwright picket wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DA CA85- 

93-D-0013, delivery order no. 0011].

APPEND^ C 101
200 CH2M HILL, 1995, Groundwater sampling, storage tank sites, site safety ard health 

plan, delivery order 4, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

Department of the Army, U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0015, delivery order 0004].

201 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1995, Groundwater monitoring, supply 

wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, spring, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, COE Geotechnical 

Branch, Materials and Instrumentation Section, variously paged.

202 CH2M HILL, 1994, Site release investigation plan, delivery order 2, building 2111, vessel integrity evaluation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the 

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0002, modification no. 3].

203 CH2M HELL, 1994, Site release investigation, delivery order 2, building 2111, vessel 

integrity evaluation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. 

Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92- 

D-0007, delivery order no. 0002, modification no. 3].

204 CH2M HILL, 1994, Corrective action plan, delivery order 2, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-92-D-0007, delivery order no. 0002].

205 Harding Lawson Associates, 1995, Release investigation report, south airfield buildings 

2111 and 2112, Fort Wainwright, Alaska Draft, February, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [HLA 

Project 28292].

206 Dames & Moore, 1995, Final report, comprehensive site investigation, Alaska field station, Fairbanks, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D-0008].

207 Hart Crowser, 1997, Quarterly monitoring report, MP 15.75 FEP, design verification 

study, operable unit 3, Ft. Wainwright: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 4].

208 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 1995, Groundwater monitoring, supply 

wells, Fort Wainwright, Alaska, summer, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, COE Geotechnical 

Branch, Materials and Instrumentation Section, variously paged.

209 AGRA Earth & Environmental, Inc., 1995, Building 3015 release investigation, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-94-D-0011, delivery 

order no. 0008].

102 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigh* Alaska, 

1994-97
210 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1995, Draft remedial action report, chemical agent 

dump site, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Directorate of 

Public Works, U.S. Army, Alaska, and the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, Fairbanks Resident Office, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged (Book 1 of 2) [USAGE 

contract DACA85-94-D-0017, delivery order no. 0003].

211 OHM Remediation Services Corp., 1995, Draft remedial action report, chemical agent 

dump site, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the Directorate of 

Public Works, U.S. Army, Alaska, and the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, Fairbanks Resident Office, Ft. Wainwright, Alaska, variously paged (Book 2 of 2) [USAGE 

contract DACA85-94-D-0017, delivery order no. 0003].

212 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Memorandum from Greg Horner, Project Manager, to Mark Wallace, Engineering Project Management for COE, Re: contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19, release investigation, abandoned Birch Hill 

UST Farm, Fort Wainwright, Alaska (amended work plan): Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

213 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment, remedial action, 

Birch Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. I of II, prepared 

for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. DACA85- 

93-C-0036 P00002].

214 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment, remedial action, 

Birch Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of II, book one, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-C-0036 P00002].

215 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment, remedial action, 

Birch Hill Terminal, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, v. II of II, book two, 

prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-C-0036 P00002].

216 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Release investigation report, Birch Hill underground storage tank site no. 355, Abandoned underground storage tank farm, Fen Wainwright, Alaska, Facility ID number 0-001314 Draft, March, 1995: Anchorage, Alaska, 

prepared for the U.S. Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19].

217 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1996, Release investigation report / corrective action 

plan, Nike Site C battery control building, Yukon Command Training Center, Fen Wainwright, Alaska Draft, March, 1996: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-93-D0009, delivery order no. 19].

APPENDIX C 103
218 Hart Crowser, 1997, Design analysis, 60 percent design, design verification study, operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D0010, delivery order no. 4].

219 Hart Crowser, 1997, 60 percent design, design drawings, cost estimate, construction 

specifications, design verification study, operable unit 3, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, 

variously paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 4].

220 Harding Lawson Associates, 1994, Technical memorandum, from Timothy Gould to 

Mark Wallace (COE), re: Monitoring results, 1546 and 3483 sites remediation, Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

221 U.S. Army (Aberdeen Proving Grounds), 1995, After action review, chemical agent 

dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: APG, Maryland, variously paged (trip report).

222 U.S. Army (Aberdeen Proving Grounds), 1995, TEU work plan, attachment D, chemical 

agent dump site, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: APG, Maryland, variously paged.

223 Hart Crowser, 1997, UST release investigation, Fort Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, 

Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Alaska District, variously 

paged [contract no. DACA85-95-D-0010, delivery order no. 2].

224 Ecology and Environment, Inc., 1995, Memorandum from Greg Horner, Project Manager, to Mark Wallace, Engineering Project Management for COE, Re: contract no. 

DACA85-93-D-0009, delivery order no. 19, release investigation and corrective action 

plan; Nike Site C battery control building, former underground storage tank site; Fort 

Wainwright, Alaska: Anchorage, Alaska, variously paged.

225 Environmental Management, Inc., 1995, Field report / site assessment for Yukon 

Maneuver Area, Nike Sites B & C, Fort Wainwright, Alaska-Draft, September 1994: 

Anchorage, Alaska, prepared for the U.S. Army Engineer District, Alaska, variously 

paged [contract no.DACA85-93-C-0036 P00004].

104 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright. Alaska, 

1994-97
APPENDIX D 

GROUND-WATER SITE INVENTORY FIELD LISTING

APPENDfX D 105
Derivation of Local Number

The local number, which is assigned to well and spring sites, is derived in part from the rectangular subdivision of public lands (fig. Dl) and is used in Alaska as the site name. The first two 

letters indicate the principal meridian and the quadrant formed by the intersection of the base line 

and the principal meridian. The first three digits indicate the township in which the well or spring 

is located, the next three digits the range, and the last two digits the section. The letters fc Mowing 

the section number indicate the quarter section, the quarter-quarter section, and so forth to the 

fourth order subdivision. Each of these subdivisions is lettered counter-clockwise, from trn northeast corner. Each site within the smallest order of subdivision is then given a sequential number. 

Finally, each well within a section is assigned a sequential map number indicated by the last three 

digits. Thus, FD00200310CDAD1 001 denotes the Fairbanks meridian (F), the southeast CMadrant 

(D), township 2 south, range 3 east, section 10; and the site is in the SE1/4 of NE1/4 of thn SE1/4 

of the SW1/4 (CDAD) of the section. It was the first site in the 2.5 acre "D" subdivision ^signed 

a sequential number (1). The next space is left blank. The next three digits, 001, indicate the 

sequence in which a site was located on a map. Thus, 001 indicates the first site plotted in the onesquare-mile section.

R1W R1E R5E

* * * / // * /*/ / ////*£ 

//// ; //< #&! //// / //sss///-

FD002003foCDAD1001

Figure D1. Derivation of local number from the official rectangular subdivision of public lands.

106 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright Alaska, 

1994-97
GWSI Data Input Outline for Fort Wainwright

The information below is to be used as a guide when entering primary site information into 

GWSI. All new sites entered into the data base must include this minimum amount of information. 

Please make sure spelling and the sequence of Other Identifiers and Remarks are in the correct 

order. Bold denotes actual format of information to be entered into the data base.

Cl 

C5

Site ID: 

Project number:

C12 Local number:

C16 Altitude:

C17 Altitude method:

CIS Altitude accuracy:

C803 Agency use:

C27 Hole depth:

C28 Well depth:

C190 Other identifier:

C191 Assignor of C190

C18 8 Name of person:

C187 Date of visit:

C185 Remarks data:

combination of the lat/long plus sequence no. (e.g. 645032147365401)

input FTWW1 followed by a space and then the initials of the person inputting the 

initial file (e.g. FTWW1EWP). For sites already in GWSI, just input FTWW1 

inC5.

local number (station name) needs to include all quarter section info (e.g. 

FD00100107DABC2). Do not bother entering the map number at this time, this 

will be done in blocks when all sites for an area have been input.

land surface altitude from well logs or report information.

usually by levels (L)

.01 feet if surveyed by levels, otherwise evaluate each site on its own data.

A (active data collection site)

I (inactive or discontinued data collection site)

O (inventory data site only)

depth of hole to .01. 

depth of well to .01.

this includes the names of wells or borings which have or will be called (e.g. 

FWM5650, AP-5650, MW10), always use capital letters, do not use any leading 

zeros. These names are placed in GWSI in the following order:

USGS identifier 

COE identifier 

Contractor ID 

Field Marking

this includes the assignors of other id's. Use the following inputs:

USGS FIELD ID 

COE SITE ID

contractor's name> 

FIELD MARKING

name of person who visited site (e.g. PLUMB E) 

enter date of visit (e.g. 06121994)

input nearest Bldg. # or Bldg. # referenced in reports, all OU#'s in vicinity of site, 

under-ground storage tank #'s (UST#) associated with site, for sites with no UST# 

input the nearest feature associated with purpose of well (e.g. Birch Hill Tank 

Farm, Land Fill, Canol Road Pipeline, etc.), input section site is located in, general 

description of site location, input who and what type of water levels are collected

APPENDIX D 107
C252 Misc. value-2 

C253 Misc. value-3

Feature Associated With Site:

BIRCH HILL TANK FARM 

CANOL ROAD PIPELINE 

LANDFILL 

801 DUMP SITE

Type of Water Level Collected:

CRREL1MM

CRREL1PM

CRREL1CM

CRREL2MM

CRREL2PM

CRREL2CM

UAFMM

UAFPM

UAFCM

USGSMM

USGSPM

USGSCM

at site (e.g. USGSPM, USGSMM, USGSCM, CRRELMM, UAFPM). Place 

remarks into GWSI in the following order:

BLDG####

ou#, ou#

WTCT1 JIHJJ tilt II IIIIII

Ud X ffffff yffffff yffffff

SECTION C

<site description> 

USGSMM, USGSPM

enter 7 digit northing for site (e.g. 3961970). 

enter 6 digit easting for site (e.g. 251570).

GWSI INPUT REMARKS:

< Brian Taras Mass Measurement

< Brian Taras Partial Measurement

< Brian Taras Continuous Measurement

< Dan Lawson Mass Measurement

< Dan Lawson Partial Measurement

< Dan Lawson Continuous Measurement

< UAF Mass Measurement

< UAF Partial Measurement

< UAF Continuous Measurement

< USGS Mass Measurement

< USGS Partial Measurement

< USGS Continuous Measurement

108 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
APPENDIX E

USGS HYDROLOGIC FIELD AND ANALYSIS FORMS 

AND CR10 DATALOGGER PROGRAMS

APPENC'XE 109
FORT WAINWRIGHT, ALASKA

ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITIES TRACKING SYSTEM 

GROUND-WATER AND SURFACE-WATER LEVELS

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this form is to allow tracking of ground-water and surface-water level 

measurement activities on Fort Wainwright Facilities. All measurements should be to the 

nearest 0.01 foot This form is to be completed and turned in to the Fort Wainwright 

Environmental office within two days of water-level measurements. Contact Joseph Malen. 353- 

6160, for additional information.

MAIN TECHNICAL CONTRACTOR INFORMATION:

Business name: __________________ Phone: 

Project manager contact: _______________

Contract number __________________

Project Title: ____________________________ Project # ________

WATER-LEVEL INFORMATION:

Field Crew Site ID Date Time Method Est. Error MPtoWL MP Elev. WLBev. 

___ ____________ (feet) (feet) (feet) (feet)

Note: Write down final measurements from duplicates recorded in field notes 

MP = measuring point WL = water level 

Method = s (steel tape), e (electric tape), o (other, write in)

DO NOT RLL OUT THIS SECTION:

Data form checked:

Agency: ______ Name: ______ Date:

Tracking Form # FWWL1A

Figure E1. Example of a field-measurement and sampling form.

110 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
FWM-6194 GROUND-WATER OBSERVATION WELL

All measurements in feet

Depth to bottom of well from MP:

Depth from TOCP to top of SI:

Depth from TOCP to bottom of SI:

Land Surface Datum (c16):

Datum corrections, reference survey notes in site folders

Site ID: 

Local Number

645029147364002 

PO00100107DABA7

Feet

52.3 

41.8 

52.3

Elevation

399.3 

409.8 

399.3 

448.8 MM, rr^ss measurement 

MP, measuring point 

N/A, not available

Date

09-04-93

Date

06-15-94

07-15-94

08-15-94

09-15-94

10-18-94

11-17-94

12-22-94

01-17-95 -

02-15-95

03-15-95

04-14-95

05-15-95

06-14-95

07-17-95

08-15-95

10-17-95

11-20-95

02-15-96

Time

1639

1122

1455

1115

1140

1107

1306

1218

1318

1051

1437

1130

1130

1629

1308

1253

1447

1135

MP Elevation (fleet above sea level)

451.58

Method

Steel Tape

Steel Tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

E-tape

MP to WS

21.11

19.23

20.53

20.78

20.79

20.87

21.05

21.22

21.34

21.44

21.34

19.43

20.74

19.63

20.18

19.93

19.90

20.92

Error

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

LS to WS

18.33

16.45

17.75

18.00

18.01

18.09

1827

18.44

18.56

18.66 

- 18.56

16.65

17.96

16.85

17.40

17.15

17.12

18.14

SI, screened interval 

TOC, top of casing 

WS, water surface

WS elevation

430.47

432.35

431 05

430.80

430.79

430.71

430.53

430.36

430.24

430.14

430.24

432.15

430.84

431

431

95

40

431.65

431 68

430.66

Remarks

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

MM

Figure E2. Example of a water-level spreadsheet.

APPEKOIXE 111
Campell Scientific CR10 Datalogger Programs

The purpose of this program is to make five consecutive measurements of a 4-wire full-bridge pressure transducer 

and then store the average, battery voltage, and panel temperature into final storage. The storage device is the 

SM192 as well as the CR10.

*1 enter programming mode

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: P87 Beginning of Loop

01: 0 delay 

02: 5 loop count

02: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 02inputchannel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 01- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 1

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

03: P95 End Loop

04: P 10 Battery Voltage

01: 06temp, storage location

05: P 11 Temperature Reference Junction

01: Olreps 

02: 01 input channel 

03: 03 excitation channel 

04: 0007 temp, storage location 

05: l.Omultiplier 

06: Ooffset

06: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 01 starting input location #

03: 01 final average input location

07: P86 DO command

01: lOstarts data recording, set flag 0

08: P77 Record Real Time

01: 110 Day, hour, min

09: P70 Sample records data Store averaged transducer voltage

01: 01 # reps from location 1 

02: 01 temporary location

10: P 70 Sample records data Store battery voltage and panel

01: 02# reps temperature from locations 6& 7 

02: 06temporary location

11: P 96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 Storage module adress

112 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort WainwrigHt, Alaska, 

1994-97
Wiring of data logger and pressure transducer for voltage and temperature recording, 

(program on page 1)

Transducer wiring Temperature Block wiring

Black- 2H Red- 1H

White- 2L Black- E3

Red- El Clear- AG

Blue- AG

TO DISPLAY DATE:

*7

#

Enter storage location number

Note # will tell you the final location number.

Enter #300, #600, etc, to obtain approximately 25 hr intervals (for 30 min 

sample interval).

Special note:

*0 resumes logging!!
The purpose of this program is to make five consecutive measurements of a 4-wire full-bridge pressure transducer 

and then store the average and the battery voltage into final storage. The primary storage device is a SM192 storage 

module set to Fill & Stop mode.

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: P 87 Beginning of Loop

01: 0 delay 

02: 5 loop count

02: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: Olreps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 01 input channel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 01- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 1

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

03: P95 End Loop

04: P10 Battery Voltage

01: 06temp, storage location

05: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 01 starting input location #

03: 01 final average input location

06: P86 DO command

01: lOstarts data recording, set flag 0

07: P77 Record Real Time

01: 110 Day, hour, min

08: P70 Sample records data

01: 01 # reps

02: 01 temp, location

09: P70 Sample records data

01: 01#reps

02: 06temp. location 

10: P96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 storage module address

114 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
The purpose of this program is to make single measurements of a 4-wire full-bridge pressure transducer and then 

store the measurement and the battery voltage in final storage. The primary storage device is a SM192 storage 

module set to Fill & Stop mode.

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 01 input channel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 01 temp, storage location 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

02: P 10 Battery Voltage

01: 02temp. storage location

03: P86 DO command

01: lOstarts data recording, set flag 0

04: P77 Record Real Time

01: 110 Day, hour, min

05: P70 Sample records data

01: 02#reps

02: 01- starting temp, location, hit "C" after 1

06: P96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 storage module address

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer

Black- 1H Red- El 

White- 1L Blue/Green- AG

Values In Final Storage Locations

01 ?

02 Julian day

03 hour-minute

04 transducer reading

05 battery voltage

APPENDfXE 115
The purpose of this program is to make thermocouple reference and water temperatures in degrees Celchr five 

consecutive measurements of a 4-wire full-bridge pressure transducer, and battery voltage, and then store the 

temperature values, pressure transducer average and the battery voltage into final storage. The primary storage 

device is a SM192 storage module set to Fill & Stop mode.

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: Pll Temperature Reference Junction

01: 01 reps 

02: 01 input channel 

03: 03 excitation channel 

04: 0001 temp, storage location 

05: l.Omultiplier 

06: 0 offset

02: P14 Temperature - TC Difference

01: 01 reps

02: 2260 Hz rejection +/- 7.5 mv 

03: 04 input channel 

04: 01 thermocouple type 

05: 0001 reference memory location 

06: 0002 temp, storage location 

07: l.Omultiplier 

08: 0 offset

03: P87 Beginning of Loop

01: 0 delay 

02: 5 loop count

04: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 02 input channel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 03-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 3

to index input locations 

07: l.Omultiplier 

08: Ooffset

05: P95 End Loop

06: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 03 starting input location*

03: 03 final average input location

07: P10 Battery Voltage

01: 04temp. storage location

08: P86 DO command

01: lOstarts data recording, set flag 0

09: P77 Record Real Time

116 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwric ht, Alaska, 

1994-97
01: 110 Day, hour-min

10: P70 Sample records data

01: 04#reps

02: 01- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 1

11: P96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 storage module address

10TCRT Thermocouple Reference Wiring

Red- 1H

Black- E3

Clear- AG

Type 1 Thermocouple Wiring

Copper- 4H 

Silver- 4L

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer

Black- 2H

White- 2L

Red- El

Blue/Green- AG

Values In Final Storage Locations

01 ?

02 Julian day

03 hour-minute

04 reference temperature

05 water temperature

06 transducer reading

07 battery voltage

APPENDIX E 117
The purpose of this program is to make five consecutive measurements for each of two 4-wire full-bridge pressure 

transducers and then store the average and the battery voltage into final storage locations. The primary storage 

device is a SM192 storage module set to Fill & Stop mode.

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: P87 Beginning of Loop

01: 0 delay 

02: 5 loop count

02: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 23 25 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 01 input channel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 01-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 1

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

03: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 02 input channel 

04: 02excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 06-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 6

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

04: P95 End Loop

05: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 01 starting input location #

03: 01 final average input location

06: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 06starting input location #

03: 02final average input location

07: P 10 Battery Voltage

01: 03 temp, storage location

08: P86 DO command

01: lOstarts data recording, set flag 0

09: P77 Record Real Time

01: 110 Day, hour, min

10: P70 Sample records data

01: 03#reps

118 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
02: 01 temp, location

11: P96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 storage module address

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 1

Black- 1H

White- 1L

Red- El

Blue/Green- AG

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 2

Black- 2H

White- 2L

Red- E2

Blue/Green- AG

APPENF'XE 119
The purpose of this program is to make five consecutive measurements for each of three 4-wire full-bridge pressure 

transducers and then store the average and the battery voltage into final storage locations. The primary storage 

device is a SM192 storage module set to Fill & Stop mode.

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: P 87 Beginning of Loop

01: 0 delay 

02: 5 loop count

02: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 01 input channel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 01-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 1

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

03: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 02 input channel 

04: 02excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 06-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 6

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

04: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: Olreps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 03 input channel 

04: 03 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 11-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 11

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

05: P95 End Loop

06: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 01 starting input location #

03: 01 final average input location

07: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 06 starting input location #

03: 02 final average input location

08: P51 Average

120 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwric ht, Alaska, 

1994-97
01: 05#reps

02: 11 starting input location #

03: 03 final average input location

09: P10 Battery Voltage

01: 04temp, storage location

10: P86 DO command

01: lOstarts data recording, set flag 0

11: P77 Record Real Time

01: 110 Day, hour, min

12: P70 Sample records data

01: 04#reps

02: 01 temp, location

13: P96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 storage module address

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 1

Black- 1H Red- El 

White- 1L Blue/Green- AG

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 2

Black- 2H Red- E2 

White- 2L Blue/Green- AG

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 3 

Black- 3H Red- E3 

White- 3L Blue/Green- AG

APPENDIX E 121
The purpose of this program is to make five consecutive measurements for each of four 4-wire full-bridge pressure 

transducers and then store the average and the battery voltage into final storage locations. The primary storage 

device is a SM192 storage module set to Fill & Stop mode.

0.0000 xxxx sampling interval in seconds

01: P87 Beginning of Loop

01: 0 delay 

02: 5 loop count

02: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 01 input channel 

04: 01 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 01-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 1

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

03: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 02 input channel 

04: 02excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 06- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 6

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

04: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 2325 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 03 input channel 

04: 03 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 11-- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 11

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

05: P06 Full Bridge Reading

01: 01 reps

02: 23 25 mV, 60 Hz rejection 

03: 04 input channel 

04: 03 excitation channel 

05: 2500mV excitation 

06: 16- temp, storage location, hit "C" after 11

to index input locations 

07: 01 multiplier 

08: OOoffset

06: P95 End Loop

122 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwright, Alaska, 

1994-97
07: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 01 starting input location #

03: 01 final average input location

08: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 06starting input location #

03: 02 final average input location

09: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 11 starting input location #

03: 03 final average input location

10: P51 Average

01: 05#reps

02: 16starting input location #

03: 04 final average input location

11: P10 Battery Voltage

01: 05 temp, storage location

06: P86 DO command

01: 10 starts data recording, set flag 0

07: P77 Record Real Time

01: 110 Day, hour, min

08: P70 Sample records data

01: 05#reps

02: 01 temp, location

10: P96 Serial output to SM192

01: 71 storage module address

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 1

Black- 1H

White- 1L

Red- El

Blue/Green- AG

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 2

Black- 2H

White- 2L

Red- E2

Blue/Green- AG

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 3

Black- 3H

White- 3L

Red- E3

APPENC'XE 123
Blue/Green- AG

Wiring of Data Logger to Pressure Transducer 4

Black- 4H

White- 4L

Red- E3

Blue/Green- AG

SM192 Storage Module Commands

*9 Executes the storage module control subroutine and prompts for the address of the storage module 

to control. The default "1" is initially present and the "A" may be hit to enter the *9 programming 

mode.

91:01 A subroutine for the *9 mode to control storage module memory. An input of "248" will reset the 

storage module memory. This operation will take a few minutes to complete before returning to 

the *9 command prompt "91:00"

91:04 A subroutine to set the type a data storage mode on the SM192. An input of" 1" will place the 

SM192 in Fill & Stop mode. An input of "0" will place the SM192 in Ring mode.

Typical sequence to set memory to fill-and-stop: *91A4A1 A*0 (*0 returns the CR10 to Log mode) 

Typical sequence to reset the memory: *91A1A248A*0

CR10 Commands

*A Executes the CR10 memory configuration subroutine. This subroutine can be executed before 

programming to give maximum memory efficiency. It can also be used after the prograir is 

present for resetting the memory. There are five parameters which can be set. For this program, 

the subroutine might be set up as follows.

01: 0050 input storage

02: 0000 intermediate storage

03: 00000 final memory storage area 2

04: 30036 final memory storage area 1

05: 1986 program memory remaining

Alter memory configuration before programming if reconfiguring of memory is desired. 

Otherwise, note number in final memory storage area 1, as it is the input number necessary for 

resetting final memory.

Typical sequence to reset final memory: *AAAA30036A*0 (30036 is number for area 1) 

Typical sequence to erase program memory: *AAAAA1986A*0

124 Workplan for U.S. Geological Survey Hydrologic Data-Collection and Support Activities on Fort Wainwrigh* Alaska, 

1994-97
147-41' 

64-51^

64'48'

1,49,[87,96],221,222 ! 109,185,216 /

21,81],46 

7,107,200,210,211

1 6,28,93

0119,^20,141,151 

186,157,191,199

156.1 K7.192,195

,26,[43,62] 

i.631,79,200

f .7,38,47,48

/ 48,[60,88,97,102] [40,54],65 

i / 66,76,78

36,37,47,48

[60,88,97,102]

[61,98,103] 19,[20,45]

_ 60,SB

/P1,98,J03],80

-- 

 It 41,48

p^^OiSs.g^

[61,98,103] j- 7,36,37,38,4J,48

[60,88,97,102],[61,9

55,56,70,80,20(0

[21.8U,70-

78

9.1,92,107,108

/ 38,47,48,[60,88,97,102] j 

C61,98,103],75 /

V\ 5,12,l3y29\55,56 

T l**s 69,74.'8q/r25^1 2( 

& 190,192' - ' I

6 \/26,[43,62]

18,26,[43,62],[44\63] 

65,66,79,78,115

Figure A1 . Distribution of environmental report locations, Fort Wainwright, June 1997.
147'41' 

64'51

VM6060

3

FVM6648

FWM6666 

FVM

6665 

FVM6663

VM6011 

WM5954 

FWM6012

FWM5514

VM6672 

WM6671 

M6670 

669

FVM66X5

FWM667

FW FWM5711

QFVM5515

FWM

P!7M

FWM

99 

FVM66 

FWM669 

4924

3FVM5295 

FWM5303

FWW668 

E^ ^6685 WM47

WM*7

WM67

FWP3559A 

FWP3559B

SfTWM5062 

FVM4828

64*48

Figure A2. Locations of monitoring wells, driven wells, and pumping wells in the Ground-Water Site Inventory data base for the Fort 

Wainwright vicinity, June 1997. See pages 35-42 for insets A through H.
147'41'

64'51'

64'48

Inset A

FWB6130

FWB6133 /FWB6470

0 ' FWB6447

Inset B

-FWB6131

-w - "

0 FWB6435 °FWB6358 _^_FWB64 4 8

FWB6464

Figure A3. Locations of soil borings in the Ground-Water Site Inventory data base for the FortWainwright vicinity, June 1997.
147*57'

64'54'

64'46

Chena River befb* MUS 

15514003

Chena River at Pike's Landing 

15514020

<f

CBena River at Vendell Street N

'514001 Chena Ri\&r 

Chena River at Fairbanks^/ 15512900 

15514000

FAIRBANKS

Chena River at Anderson Road below Pump House 

15514060??

FORT WAINW

Figure A4. Locations of USGS surface-water data-collection stations for the Fairbanks and FoK Wainwright vicinity.
147*41'

64'51

64*48'

FVD227 FV1845 13 "

FWM6055

FVM5271 

VM6058

UAF-ML6

r; *

FWM6066\

f ^xFWM607Q

FWM6062 

FWM6061

FWM6713 

FWM6712 

FWM671

FWM5537 /FWM6186 / I I7 VM5706 

FWM6187 / FWM5681 

FWM5709

Figure A5. Locations of USGS geohydrologic data-collection stations for the Fort Wainwright vicinity.