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DATA ANALYSIS AMID THBOEMUCAL SIMIFS FOR ADUSPHERIC

E}Q?InM C, D AND E

A. Dalgarno

Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

60 Garden Street

Cambridge, MA 02138

(NASA-CR- 175121) DATA ANALYSIS AND

THEORETICAL STUDIES FCR AIMCSPHERIC EXPLCRER

C, D AND E Final Report, 9 JUL. 1971 -

31 May 1983 (SWithSODiau Astrophysical

observatory) 7 p HC A02/Mk A01 CSCL 04A G3/46

August 1983

FINAL REPORT for Period 9 June 1971 - 31 May 1983

E

10,vi° ^o

Prepared for

GODD&RD SPACE FLIGM CENTER

Greenbelt, Maryland 20771

N84-15711

Uucias

18003
DATA ANALYSIS AND THDORETICAL STUDIES FOR ATMOSPHERIC

EXPLORER C, D AND E

A. Dalgarno

Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

60 Garden Street

Cambridge, MA 02138

August 1983

FINAL REPORT for rt:riod 9 June 1971 - 31 May 1983

Prepared for

GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER

Greenbelt, Marvland 20771
DATA .ANALYSIS AND THEORETICAL STUDIES

FOR ATNUSPHEFIC EXPLORER C, D AND E

Contract NAS 5-11437

For the period 9 June 1971 through 31 May 1983

FINAL REPORT

Principal Investigator

Dr. A. Dalgarno

The research concentrated on construction of a comprehensive

model of the chemistry of the ionosphere. It proceeded by ca«maring

detailed predictions of the atmospheric parameters observer, by the

instrumentation on board the Atmospheric Explorer Satellites with the

measured values and modifying the chemistry to bring about consistenc=y.

Full account was taken of laboratory measurements- of the processes

identified as important. The research programs were made available

to the AE team members. We also provided regularly updated tables of

recommended values of photoicnization cross sections and electron impac'.

excitation and _viiization cross sections.

The research did indeed lead to a chemistry model in which the

main pathways are quantitatively secure. The accuracy was sufficient

that remaining differences are small. The small differences are

interesting and can be attributed in part to effects of vibrationally

excited species and quenching of metstable species. The existing

data can be used for further study.

Towards the end of the project, stimulated largely by the

observation of a glow on the surface of the Space Shuttle, detailed

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4

attention was given to the contamination glow on the AE C and E

spacecraft. The intensity of the glow and the spectrum were extracted

from the airglow photcmeter data. we have tentatively identified

the source of the glow as vibrationally excited hydroxyl radicals produced

by the bambardment of ambient oxygen atoms on the satellite surfaces.

From the understanding gained of the chemistry of the terrestrial

ionosphere, sane progress was made on specific questions of the ionospheres

of Mars and Venus.

A list of published papers is attached.

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PUBLICATIONS

THE ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER MISSION, A. Dalgarno, W. B. Hanson, N. W. Spencer

and E. R. Schmerluig, Radio Science 8, 263-266, 1973.

THE CYLINDRICAL., ELECTROSTATIC PROBES FOR ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER -C,

-D, AND -E, L. H. Brace. R. F. Theis, and A. Dalgarno, Radio

Science 6, 341-348, 1973.

META STABLE -

e2

P OXYGEN IONS IN 'M DAYTIME THERMOSPHERE, J. C. G. Walker,

D. G. Torr, P. B. Hays, K. Docken, G. Victor and M. Oppenheimer,

J. Geophys. Res. 80, 1026-1029, 1975.

ION aq!IISTRY OF N2+ AM THE SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET FLUX IN THE THERMDSPHERE,

M. Oppenheimer, A. Dalgarno, and H. C. Brinton, J. Geophys. Res.

81, 3762-3766, 1976.

DISCREPANCY BETWEEN ELECTRON HEATING AND COOLING RATES DERIVED FROM

ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER -C MEASUREMI^wrS, L. H. Brace, W. R. Hoegy,

H. G. Mayr, G. A. Victor, W. B. Hanson, C. A. Reber, and H. E.

Hinteregger, J. Geophys. Res. 81, 5421-5429, 1976.

NDLECUTAR OXYGEN ABUNDANCES IN THE THMIOSPIIERES FROM ATMOSPHERE

EXPLORER-C ION COMPOSITION D'EASURE ENTS, M. Oppenheimer, A. Dalgarno

and H. C. Brinton, J. Geophy-, -. Res. 81. 4678-4694, 1976.

CAI=iATIONS OF TILE EQUILIBRIUM PHOIDELE IRON FLUX IN THE. THERMDSPHERE,

G. A. Victor, K. Kirby-Docken, and A. Dalganro, Planet. Space

Sci. 24, 679-681, 1976.

fEMMBINATION OF NO+ IN THE IONOSPHERE, D. G. Tarr, M. R. Torr, J. C. G.

Walker, L. H. Brace, H. C. Brinton, W. B. Hanson, J. H. Hoffman,

A. 0. Nier, and M. Oppenheimer, Geophys. Res. Lett. 3, 209-212, 1976.

M.

-3-

f^ ^
DAYTIME CHEMISTRY OF NO' FROM ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER MEASUREMENTS,

M. Oppenheimer, A. Dalgarno, F. P. Trebino, L. H. Brace,

H. C. Brinton, and J. H. Hoffman, J. Geophys. Res. 82, 191-194, 1977.

PHOTOE:1ISSION IN THE SECOND POSITIVE SYSTEM OF MOLECULAR NITROGEN IN

THE T:ARTH'S DAYGLOW, J. P. Kopp, D. W. Rusch, R. G. Roble,

G. A. Victor and P. B. Hays, J. Geophys. Res. 82, 555-560, 1977.

INDIRECT DETERMINATIONS OF MOLB TZAR OXYGEN DENSITIES IN THE DAYTIME

T ORMOSPHERE FROM ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER -C COMPOSITION MEASURMENTS,

K. Kirby-Docken and M. Oppenehimer, J. Geophys. Res. 82,

3503-3508, 1977.

MORNING AND EVENING BEHAVIOR OF THE F REGION GREEN LINE EMISSION: EVIDENCE

CONCERNING THE SOURCES OF 0( 1S), J. P. Kopp, J. E. Frederick,

D. W. Rusch, and G. A. Victor, J. Geophys. Res. 82, 4715-4719, 1977.

ION PHO=-IFMISTRY OF THE THERMOSPHERE FRAM ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER C

MEASUREMENTS, M. Oppenheimer, E. R. Constantinides, K. KirbyDocken, G. A. Victor, and A. Dalgarno, J. Geophys. Res. 82,

5485-5492, 1977.

THE EUV FLUX INFERS FROM AE-C He+ ABUNDANCES, M. Oppenheimer, S. Babeu,

J. H. Hoffman, and E. Breign, Geophys. Res. Lett. 5, 773-776,

1978.

DOUBLE PHOTOIONIZATION AND DOUBLY CHARGED IONS IN THE THERMOOSPHERE,

G. A. Victor and E. R. Constantinides, Geophys. Res. Lett. 6,

519-522, 1979.

THE PHO*IOCHE14ISTRY OF N+ IONS, E. R. Constantinides, J. H. Black and

A. Dalgarno, Geophys. Res. Lett. 6. 569-572, 1979.
•

PHOMIONIZATION AND PHOTCABSORPTION CROSS SECTIONS OF He, 0, N2 AND 02

FOR AERONOMIC CALCULATIONS, K. Kirby, E. R. Constantinides, S. Emu,

M. Oppenheimer, and G. A. Victor, Atonic Data and Nucl. Data

Tables 23, 63-81, 1979.

THE E;EFFX.T OF SOLAR-CYCLE ULTRAVIOLET FLUX VARIATIONS ON COP,0MY GAS,

M. Oppenheimer and C. J. Downey, Ap. J. Lett. 241, L123-L127,

1980.

SHORT TERM iUV rLUX VARIATIONS FROM AE-E He + ABUr12NCES, A. Sternberg

and H. C. Brinton, J. Geophys. Res. 87, 246-248, 1982.

0

THE 2145 A DAYGLOW AND THE HIGH ALTITUDE NITRIC OXIDE DENSITY, G. A. Victor

and A. Dalgarno, Geophys. Res. Lett. 9, 866-868, 1982.

ATIObUC CARBON IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF VENUS, J. L. Fox, J. Geophys. Res. 87,

9211-9216, 1982.

OPTICAL ODNI'AMINATTON UZ THE ATMOSPHERE EXPLORER -E SATELLITE, J. H.

Yee and V. J. Abreu, SPIE Proceedinas 338, 120, 1982.

CCkIPARISON OF ABSOLUTE PHOTOELBCTRON FLUXES P gASURED ON AE-C AND AE-E

WITH THEORETICAL FLUXES AND PREDICTED AND MEASURED N 2 2PG

0

3371 A VOLUME EMISSION RATES, S. P. Herandez, J. P. Doering,

V. J. Abreu, and G. A. Victor, Planet. Space Sci. 21, 221-233, 1983.

4 THE SURFACE GLOW OF THE ATMOSPHERIC EXPLORER C AND E SATELLITES, S. R.

Langhoff, R. L. Ja.- fe, J. H. Yee and A. Dalgarno, Geophys. Res.

Lett. in press 1983.

NITROGEN ESCAPE FROM MARS, J. L. Fox and A. Dalgarno, J. Geophys. Res.

in press 1983.

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