APPENDIX B1

Pennsylvania 2007 Area Source Criteria Air Pollutant 

Emission Estimation Methods 

(Dec. 2009)

Bureau of Air Quality

Department of Environmental Protection
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Pennsylvania 2007 Area Source Criteria Air Pollutant Emission 

Methods 

December 2009 

Prepared by Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection 

Bureau of Air Quality 

Rachel Carson State Office Building 

PO Box 8468 

Harrisburg, PA 17105-8468 

Contact: Sherry Bogart, 717-783-5974, sbogart@state.pa.us
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

AREA SOURCE DEFINITION .............................................................................................................................

METHODS FOR ESTIMATING AREA SOURCE ACTIVITY AND EMISSIONS ..........................................ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS (SCC 2460600000) ...........................................................................................AIRCRAFT COATING (SCC 2401075000) .........................................................................................................APPLIANCES (SCC 2401060000) ........................................................................................................................ARCHITECTURAL SURFACE COATINGS (SCC 2401001000) ......................................................................ASPHALT PAVING (2 SCCs) ..............................................................................................................................AUTOMOTIVE AFTERMARKET PRODUCTS (SCC 2460400000) .................................................................

AUTOMOTIVE REFINISHING (SCC 2401005000) ...........................................................................................BAKERIES (SCC 2302050000) ............................................................................................................................COATINGS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SCC 2460500000) .........................................................................COMMERCIAL COOKING – (5 SCCs) ...............................................................................................................CONSTRUCTION DUST (3 SCCs: SCC 2311010000, SCC 2311020000, SCC 2311030000) ..........................DEGREASING (4 SCCs: SCC 2415360000, SCC 2415300000, SCC 2415230000, SCC 2415200000) ............

DRY CLEANERS (SCC 2420000000) ..................................................................................................................ELECTRONIC AND OTHER ELECTRIC COATINGS (SCC 2401065000) ......................................................FACTORY FINISHED WOOD (SCC 2401015000) .............................................................................................FIFRA-REGULATED PRODUCTS (SCC 2460800000) .....................................................................................FUEL COMBUSTION – COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL (7 SCCs: SCC 2103001000, SCC 2103002000, SCC 2103004000, SCC 2103005000, SCC 2103006000, SCC 2103007000, SCC 2103011000) ........................FUEL COMBUSTION – INDUSTRIAL (7 SCCs: 2102001000, ........................................................................SCC 2102002000, SCC 2102004000, SCC 2102005000, .....................................................................................SCC 2102006000, SCC 2102007000, SCC 2102011000) .....................................................................................GASOLINE MARKETING (5 SCCs) ...................................................................................................................GRAPHIC ARTS (SCC 2425000000) ...................................................................................................................HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS (SCC 2460200000) ..................................................................................................INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE COATINGS (SCC 2401100000) ....................................................................
3

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (SCC 2401055000) ......................................................................................

MARINE COATING (SCC 2401080000) .............................................................................................................METAL CANS (SCC 2401040000) ......................................................................................................................METAL FURNITURE (SCC 2401025000) ...........................................................................................................METAL SHEETS, STRIPS, COILS (SCC 2401045000) ......................................................................................MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401090000) ...........................................................................

MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS (NOT OTHERWISE COVERED) (SCC 2460900000) .................................

OPEN BURNING (3 CCs) .....................................................................................................................................OTHER SPECIAL PURPOSE COATINGS (SCC 2401200000) ..........................................................................PAPER, FOIL AND FILM (SCC 2401030000) ....................................................................................................PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS (SCC 2460100000) ..........................................................................................PORTABLE FUEL CONTAINERS – GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION (10 SCCs) ...............................................PUBLIC OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (SCC: 2630020000) ........................................................................RAILROAD SOLVENTS (SCC 2401085000) ......................................................................................................RESIDENTIAL COAL FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104001000, SCC 2104002000) ........

RESIDENTIAL FUEL OIL/KEROSENE COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104004000, SCC 2104011000) .....RESIDENTIAL LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG) (SCC 2104007000) ....................................................RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS (SCC 2104006000) .........................................................................................TRAFFIC LINE PAINTING (SCC 2401008000) .................................................................................................WINERIES (SCC 2302070005) .............................................................................................................................WOOD FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SCC 2401020000) ..............................................................................ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS....................................................................................................................................
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AREA SOURCE DEFINITION 

For emission inventory development purposes, the term “area sources” traditionally refers to stationary air pollutthat are not inventoried at the facility-level. While point sources are inventoried individually, area sources are typthe county level (Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development Volume III: Chapter 1)1. Sources stations and dry cleaning establishments are often treated as both point and area sources. The main reason they artreated as point sources is that the effort required to gather data and estimate emissions for each individual facilitemissions per facility are generally small. For these sources, a cut-off point, typically based on annual emissionsdistinction between point and area. The Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR) specifies reporting crite(CAP) thresholds for point and area sources, which vary depending on the pollutant and the attainment status of a 

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/cerr/index.html). 

Individual emissions sources are grouped with other like sources into source categories. These source categories way that they can be estimated collectively using one methodology. Most area source categories do not have an asource inventory. Commercial/consumer product use is such an example. The boundaries of the individual activithese sources are often hard to determine or are, at best, arbitrary. Even within a point source facility, some activmore easily treated as area source emissions. Some emissions associated with surface coating operations such as 

for example, can be more practically estimated using area source methods even though other surface coating ope

reported as part of the point source inventory. 

METHODS FOR ESTIMATING AREA SOURCE ACTIVITY AND EMISSIONS 

Area source emissions are generally estimated by multiplying an emission factor by some known indicator or col

each area source category at the county level. Several methodologies are available for estimating area source actiemissions. For this 2007 area source inventory, estimates were derived by (1) treating area sources as point sourc

1 Eastern Research Group, Inc., “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area 

Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development (Revised Final),” prepared for the Area Sources CInventory Improvement Program, January 2001. 
6

county-level activity data, (3) apportioning national or statewide activity data to counties, (4) use of per capita em(5) use of per employee emission factors. Each approach has distinct advantages and disadvantages as discussed 

Small sources that would normally be treated as area sources may be handled as point sources for several reasonsactivity data may not be readily determinable for certain source categories. Municipal landfills provide an examp

For some source categories, county activity estimates were available. For example, monthly wine production datavailable by county from the Alcohol & Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Department of Treasury. If county activavailable, Commonwealth totals were apportioned to counties using data for a surrogate of the emissions activity

quantity of highway gasoline consumed in the Commonwealth was apportioned to the county level on the basis o

traveled per county. Residential, commercial, and industrial fuel combustion were other categories that were hanThe major drawbacks of this approach are that additional data and resources are needed to apportion activity leveand accuracy is lost in the process. If Commonwealth level data were not available, then national data were used Sources in certain area source categories were not only numerous and diffuse, but were too difficult to inventory 

procedures. As an example, solvent evaporation from consumer and commercial products such as waxes, aerosol 

window cleaners cannot be routinely determined by DEP. In addition, it would be resource-intensive to develop 

survey that would yield such information. Per capita or per employee emission factors are used to estimate emisscategories. The use of per capita emission factors is based on the assumption that, for a given source category, emreasonably associated with population. This assumption is valid over broad areas for certain categories such as A

Coating and solvent evaporation from Consumer and Commercial Products. For categories that rely on a per capita emission factor, county population estimates for 2007 were obtained from 

the Census. When emissions are calculated from per employee emission factors, county-level employment data f

obtained. Because county employment data for 2007 was not be available from the Bureau of the Census’ County 

(CBP) until July 2009, data for the appropriate North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS) codes 

H. Pechan & Associates from the 2006 CBP1. The Commonwealth-level employment data were obtained at the N

from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.21U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, County Business Patterns 2006, Pennsylvania, available 

http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/view/cbpview.html,. 

2U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Current Employment Statistics, available from http://www.bls.gov/sae/home.htm
7

In some cases, the Census does not report the employment value for a particular NAICS code/county combinatioconfidentiality concerns. In these cases, the Census provides employment data as a range (e.g., between 20 and 9a precise number of employees was not available from CBP, an initial estimate was developed based on the mid-range (e.g., 60 employees was used for the 20 to 99 employment range). For a given NAICS code, the mid-point 

adjusted up or down to yield the Commonwealth-level employment for that NAICS code as reported in the CBP. were computed by first calculating the difference between the Commonwealth-level CBP employment and the to

employment values for counties for which actual employment values were reported in the CBP. The resulting va

employment for the counties for which the CBP reports an employment range value. This value was then divided 

mid-point employment estimates for the counties for which employment was reported as a range. The resulting r

the mid-point estimates to yield the final county employment estimates. The calculation spreadsheets provide eacthis estimation procedure. National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureemployment flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calcu

data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor was performed by E.H. Pechan & Associates. Control Efficiency (CE) Control efficiency is the emission reduction percentage associated with a control device, process change or refor

efficiencies can vary widely by source within an area source category. Area source control efficiency values repr

average control for the category. Rule Penetration (RP) Because lower-emitting sources within a source category may not be covered by a regulation, it is important to rewhich total source category emissions are affected. Rule penetration represents the percentage of total source cat

are affected by a regulation. 
8

Rule Effectiveness (RE) Rule effectiveness is a factor used to adjust the control efficiency to account for failures and uncertainties that afperformance of the control. For example, control equipment performance may be adversely affected by age of thmaintenance, or improper use. With the exception of Federal regulations, a default RE value of 80 percent was ap

information was not available to substantiate the true RE value1. An RE of 100 percent was applied to all Federa

require national compliance. The RE factor is applied to the estimated control efficiency in the calculation of emissions from a source. The foapplication of CE, RP, and RE is displayed below: Uncontrolled Emissions = 50 pounds per day Control Efficiency = 90 percent Rule Penetration = 60 percent Rule Effectiveness = 80 percent Controlled Emissions = Uncontrolled Emissions × (1 – CE/100 × RP/100 × RE/100) Controlled Emissions = 50 × (1 – 0.9 × 0.6 × 0.8) = 50 × (1 – 0.432) = 28.4 pounds per day An RE and/or RP value can substantially increase emission estimates when high control efficiencies are involvedwas not applied in the above example (equivalent to a 100 percent RP assumption), then estimated emissions areControlled Emissions = 50 × (1 – 0.9 × 0.8) = 50 × (1 – 0.72) = 14 pounds per day. 

1 Eastern Research Group, Inc., “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area 

Introduction to Area Source Emission Inventory Development (Revised Final),” prepared for the Area Sources CInventory Improvement Program, January 2001. 
9

Point Source Subtractions Source categories can appear in both the area source and point source inventory. For example, emissions from la

establishments may be included in the point source inventory, while emissions from smaller dry cleaners (below 

cutoff) are included in the area source inventory. When a point source inventory and an area source inventory incthe same process, the area source emission estimates are adjusted to avoid double counting. Although many area 

(e.g., Architectural Surface Coating) do not have companion point source categories, there are many source categ

source inventory for which emissions are reported in the Pennsylvania point source inventory (see Table 1). For t

categories, point source emissions are subtracted from total emission estimates to yield area source emissions.  Ideally, this adjustment would occur in the area source emission calculation by subtracting point source emission 

(throughput) from total emission activity as shown below. 

Area Source Activity  Total Activity  Point Source Activity 

However, the Pennsylvania point source inventory does not report throughput for most sources. Therefore, it wacalculate the point source subtractions using total and point source emission estimates as identified below. 

Area Emissions p  Total Emissions p   Point Source Emissions p 

where:

p = pollutant 

Separate point source inventories were developed for Allegheny and Philadelphia counties and for all other counammonia and lead, the Allegheny inventory reports annual emissions for all pollutants included in the area sourcpollutants are also missing from the Philadelphia County annual inventory. Unlike the Allegheny inventory, the inventory does not report PM emissions on a filterable and condensable basis, but rather on a primary basis. The remaining counties reports annual emissions for the same pollutants as the Philadelphia County inventory, with t

primary PM2.5 (PM25-PRI), which is not reported for the remaining counties. Given the different ways in which 

reported in the 2002 Pennsylvania point source inventory, it was necessary to develop PM emissions on a consist

the point source subtractions. Therefore, for Allegheny County, Pechan summed the condensable and the filterabobtain PM10-PRI and PM25-PRI emission values for use in the point source subtractions. 
10

To facilitate the point source subtractions, the annual emission records for all point SCCs associated with an area 

summed to the county level. The county-level point source annual emissions were then subtracted from the area 

annual emissions using an area source category-to-point source category crosswalk developed for this project. N

with EIIP guidance, when the resulting area source emission estimate was negative, the area source emission valu

The following presents an example of point source NOx emission subtraction calculations for the Commercial/In

Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coal Combustion category (SCC 2103002000). 

   

  

tons

AreaSourceNOxEmissionsfor SCC tons tons

Po SourceNOxEmissions AlleghenyCnty . tons (SCC ) . tons (SCC )

Total NOx Emissions for SCC AlleghenyCnty tons per year

AreaSourceNOxEmissionsfor SCC Total NOxEmissions Po NOxEmissions

895.9997

2103002000 1,054.3025 158.3028

int ( ) 1520751 10300207 6 2277 10300208

2103002000( ) 1,054.3025

2103002000 int



 

 



 

The following individual sections describe the annual and seasonal emission estimation methodology for each ar

Each section contains a brief description of the source category, identifies whether the category’s emission estim

point source emission subtractions, and presents sample emission calculations (point source subtractions are not sample calculations). All referenced sources are displayed in Appendix A. 
11

Table 1. Area Source Inventory Categories with Point Source Emission Subtracti

SCC SCC1DESC SCC3DESC SCC6DESC SCC2102001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Anthracite Coal Tota2102002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coal Tota2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Tota2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coal Tota

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Tota2102004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Distillate Oil Tota2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Tota2102005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Residual Oil Tota2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Tota2102006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Natural Gas Tota2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Tota2302070001 Industrial Processes Food and Kindred Products: SIC 20 Fermentation/Beverages Brew2401015000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Factory Finished Wood: SIC 2426 thru 242 Tota2401020000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Wood Furniture: SIC 25 Tota2401040000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Metal Cans: SIC 341 Tota2401050000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating 

Miscellaneous Finished Metals: SIC 34 - (341 + 3498) Tota

2401055000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Machinery and Equipment: SIC 35 Tota2401080000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Marine: SIC 373 Tota2401085000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Railroad: SIC 374 Tota2401090000 Solvent Utilization Surface Coating Miscellaneous Manufacturing Tota2415200000 Solvent Utilization Degreasing All Industries: Conveyerized Degreasing Tota2415300000 Solvent Utilization Degreasing All Industries: Cold Cleaning Tota2425000000 Solvent Utilization Graphic Arts All Processes Tota2501060053 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stag

2501060101 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stag2501060102 Storage and Transport Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Gasoline Service Stations Stag2601010000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery On-site Incineration Industrial Tota2601020000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery On-site Incineration Commercial/Institutional Tota2620030000 Waste Disposal, Treatment, and Recovery Landfills Municipal Tota
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ADHESIVES AND SEALANTS (SCC 2460600000) 

Adhesives are formulated organic polymer compounds that adhere to, or form a bond between, one or more subs

They are commonly referred to as cements, glues and pastes. Adhesives can be classified as water-based, solventbased, hot melts, or radiation curable. Sealants and caulking compounds are organic polymers used to fill or seal between surfaces. The primary solvents used in formulating adhesives and sealants are aliphatic hydrocarbons ankeytones. County-level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. The emission fac

represents pre-control emission rates. A CE of 8.3 percent3 and an RP of 48.6 percent4 were applied to reflect the 

Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category. 

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, EmInventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed March 2009 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport CommissModel Rules, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
13

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

 Emission Factor = 0.57 lbs VOC/person/year1

 Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

 Control Efficiency = 8.3%3

 RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

333.47

2000

1 666,916.82

100100

100

48.6

100

8.3 1,219,210 1

0.57

   

       
14

AIRCRAFT COATING (SCC 2401075000) 

This source category includes aircraft building and repairing. The emissions were calculated using an employme

based emission factor1 and employee data from NAICS code 3364XX. The number of employees in each county 

2006 was collected by E.H. Pechan and Associates, who calculated the midpoints from any given ranges2. Each 

county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample calculations below. Point source emissions, where pwere subtracted from these emission estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 15 lbs VOC /employee/year 

Employees = 4494 employees (Delaware County)

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed October, 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final act

data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor. 
15

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

Employees

year

Employee

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

33.705

2000

1 67,410

4494

15

  

  
16

APPLIANCES (SCC 2401060000) 

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the coating procthe manufacture of electrical appliances such as refrigerators, freezers, laundry equipment, and electric house wa

Emissions for each county were estimated per the sample calculations below using an employment-based emissiofactor1 and the number of 2006 employees in the NAICS codes 3352XX. . The number of Appliance employees 

collected from U.S. Census Bureau’s County Business Patterns2 by E. H. Pechan and Associates who calculated 

midpoints for any ranges obtained. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission 

estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 249 lbs VOC/employee/year

Employees = 41 (Berks County) 

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009. 2 National, state and county level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employme

letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity 

using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor. 
17

 

5.1045 VOCperyear 20001 10,209

41

249

tons

pounds

ton AnnualVOCEmissions pounds VOC per year

employees

year

employee

lbsVOC

AnnualVOCEmissions

  

  
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ARCHITECTURAL SURFACE COATINGS (SCC 2401001000) 

Architectural surface coatings are used by homeowners and painting contractors to coat the interior and exterior buildings and other structures. The coatings are applied by spray, brush, or roller and dry or cure at ambient condThe VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the paint and cleanup solvents. 

Each county’s emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 

county population data2. The Federal architectural surface coating regulations call for a 20 percent reduction in t

solvent content of architectural surface coatings manufactured after September 1999, which reduction was accou

for in the development of the new per capita emission factor for states with AC rules (2.41 lbs VOC/person/year)

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

        100 100 1 RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed August 2009. 2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 
19

where:

Emission Factor = 2.41 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)CE (Control Efficiency) =0%, integral with new EF, for states with AC rules1

RP (Rule Penetration) = 100% RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

people

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

1469.1481

2000

1 2,938,296.10

100100

100100 1,219,210 1

2.41

   

      
20

ASPHALT PAVING (2 SCCs) 

SCC category’s emissions for 2461021000 (Cutback Asphalt) and 2461022000 (Emulsified Asphalt) were calculby E.H. Pechan and Associates. The following documentation was prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates with footnotes located at the end of this section: Asphalt paving is the process of applying asphalt concrete to seal or repair the surface of roads, parking lots, drivwalkways, or airport runways. Asphalt concrete is a composite material comprised of a binder and a mineral aggThe binder, referred to as asphalt cement, is a byproduct of petroleum refining and contains the semi-solid residu

material left after the more volatile chemical fractions have been distilled off.1

a. Emulsified Asphalt 

Asphalt cements thinned with water and an emulsifying agent are known as cutback asphalts. This thinning reduceviscosity of the asphalt making it easier to work with the mixture. The primary uses of emulsified asphalt include and seal operations, priming roadbeds, and paving operations for pavements up to several inches thick. Emulsified asphalt may contain up to 12 percent organic solvents by volume.1 Emissions from emulsified asphalt from the evaporation of VOCs after the mixture is laid down. Compared to cutback asphalt, emulsified asphalt has VOCs emissions per ton used. 

b. Cutback Asphalt 

Asphalt cements thinned with petroleum distillates are known as cutback asphalts. The primary uses of cutback asinclude tack and seal operations, priming roadbeds, and paving operations for pavements up to several inches thicback asphalt is produced by thinning the binder in a diluent containing 25 to 45 percent petroleum distillates by voprior to mixing with the aggregate. This reduces the viscosity of the asphalt making it easier to work with the mixtEmissions from cutback asphalt result from the evaporation of VOCs and HAPS after the mixture is laid down. Oasphalt types, cutback asphalt has the highest diluent content and, as a result, emits the highest levels of VOCs per 
21

used. The timeframe and quantity of VOC and HAP emissions depend on the type and the quantity of organic solvused as a diluent.  For these source categories, the following SCCs were assigned: 

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC 2461022000 Solvent 

Utilization 

Misc. Non-industrial: Commercial 

Emulsified Asphalt 

Total: Solve

2461021000 Solvent 

Utilization 

Miscellaneous Nonindustrial: Commercial 

Cutback Asphalt Total: 

Solve

The general approach to calculating emissions from emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalt paving is to multiply estimated county-level emulsified asphalt usage by emission factors for VOCs. State-level emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalt usage in 2008 was obtained from the Asphalt Institute’s 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey.2 State-level data were allocated to county-level according to the fraction of paved road vemiles traveled (VMT) in each county. Total annual VMT estimates by State and roadway class were obtained from the Federal Highway Administra(FHWA) annual Highway Statistics report.3 Paved road VMT was calculated by subtracting the State/roadway unpaved road VMT from total State/roadway class VMT. State-level paved road VMT was spatially allocacounties according to the fraction of total VMT in each county for the specific roadway class as shown bfollowing equation: 

VMTx,total = ∑VMTST,y * VMTx,y / VMTST,y

where: VMTx,total = VMT (million miles) in county x on all paved roadways 

VMTST,y = paved road VMT for the entire State for roadway class y VMTx,y = total VMT (million miles) in county x and roadway class y VMTST,y = total VMT (million miles) in entire State for roadway class y 
22

The county-level total VMT by roadway class used in this calculation was previously developed by E.H. Pechan Associates, Inc. to support the on-road national emissions inventory.4c. Emission Factors Emission factors for emulsified asphalt and cutback asphalt usage were obtained from the Technical Report Series produced by the U.S. EPA’s Emission Inventory Improvement Program and are reported in Table 1 below.1d. Emissions Emissions were calculated by multiplying the county-level asphalt usage (barrels) by the emission factors listed in 1 and then dividing by 2000 to convert pounds to tons. 

Emissionsx,y = (Asphalt Usagex * EFy) / 2000 

where: Emissionsx,y = emissions (tons) of pollutant y in county x  Asphalt Usagex = emulsified asphalt (barrels) used in county x  EFy = emission factor for pollutant y To convert tons of asphalt reported in the 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey to barrels, it was assumed that the density asphalt is similar to that of water, 8.34 lbs/gal, and that one barrel equals 42 gallons. 

Barrels of Asphalt = (tons of asphalt * 2000 lbs / 8.34 lbs/gal) / 42 gal/barrel 

Note that one barrel of asphalt weights approximately 350 pounds. 
23

e. Sample Calculation VOC emissions from emulsified asphalt usage in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: From the 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey, the state of Pennsylvania used 69,671 tons of emulsified asphalt in 2008. Tfraction of paved road VMT traveled in Allegheny County is 10,516.10 million miles divided by 104,400.2 milliowhich equals 0.10073.  Asphalt Usage Allegheny = ((69,671 tons * 2000 lbs / 8.34 lbs/gal) / 42 gal/barrel) * 0.10073  Asphalt Usage Allegheny = 40,070.571 barrels  VOC Emissions Allegheny = (40,070.571 barrels * 9.2 lbs/barrel) / 2000 lbs/ton 

VOC Emissions = 184.32 tons 

Table 1. Criteria Emission Factors for Emulsified and Cutback Asphalt Paving

Pollutant Description Pollutant Code

Emission 

Factor 

(LBS/BARRE L)

Emission Factor 

Reference 

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS VOC 9.2 Emulsified 

Asphalt 

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS VOC 88.00 Cutback Asphalt 
24

f. References 1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emissions Inventory Improvement Program, Technical Report Ser

Volume III – Area Sources, Chapter 17, “Asphalt Paving,” prepared by Eastern Research Group, Inc. for EResearch Triangle Park, NC, 2001. Available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html. 

2. Asphalt Institute, 2008 Asphalt Usage Survey for the United States and Canada, http://www.asphaltinstitut3. U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Highway Statistics 2007, Office of H

Policy Information, Washington, DC, 2008. Available at http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policyinformation/statistics/2007/. 

4. E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. “Documentation for the On-road National Emission Inventory (NEI) for Ba

Years 1970 - 2002,” report prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planand Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC. January 2004. 
25

AUTOMOTIVE AFTERMARKET PRODUCTS (SCC 2460400000) 

The EPA has divided automotive consumer products into two different major categories: (1) detailing products, amaintenance and repair products. It is often difficult to distinguish the automotive aftermarket product subcategoand formulations for distinct product types because category descriptions and designations may overlap. In some 

varying formulations may be due to the product form. There are a large number of individual VOCs in these pro

including HAPs. County-level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission 

Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. The emission fac

represents pre-control emission rates. A CE of 8.97 percent3 and an RP of 48.6 percent4 were applied to reflect th

Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category. Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, EmInventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed March 2009 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commiss

Model Rules, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
26

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

 Emission Factor = 1.36 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

 Control Efficiency = 8.97%3

 RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

792.92

2000

1 1,585,840.94

100100

100

48.6

100

8.97 1,219,210 1

1.36

   

       
27

AUTOMOTIVE REFINISHING (SCC 2401005000) 

Automotive refinishing is the painting of worn or damaged automobiles, light trucks, and other vehicles. The coa

new cars, however, is considered in the point source inventory, and therefore not included in this inventory. Cou

level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project solvent working group1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. 

automotive refinishing VOC emission factor is 0.5 lb/person. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

Annual VOC Emissions  Emission Factor  Population 

where:

Emission Factor =0.5 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2 

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revision August 14, 2009. Factor is derived from national num

and so represents an average for the entire country; Freedonia 2007; accessed August 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 
28

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

people

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

304.8025

2000

1 609,605

1,219,210

0.5

  

  
29

BAKERIES (SCC 2302050000) 

Bakery emissions, primarily ethanol, result from yeast fermentation during the baking process of bread and bakeproducts. Ethanol is emitted through a vent with any combustion product gases. Relevant NAICS codes for bak

are 311811 and 311812. County-level VOC emissions were calculated using an employment-based emission factor and the number of NA

code 311811 and 311812 employees in each county. The number of employees in each county for 2007 was obtfrom County Business Patterns1 The Bakeries emission factor is 0.11 tons VOC/employee/year2. Point source 

emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates.

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Employees) 

where: 

Emission Factor = 0.11 tons VOC /employee/year

Employees = 863 (Allegheny County) 

1 U.S. Census Bureau, 2007 County Business Patterns,http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GQRGeoSearchByListServlet?ds_name=CB0700A1&_lang=en&_t805349530 2 Lucy Adams, Radian Corporation, memorandum to SIP inventory preparers and EPA Regions, “VOC Emission

Bakeries,” prepared under contract to the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Prot

Agency (EPA Contract No. 68-D0-0125), April 24, 1992. 
30

(863 )

0.11

employees

year

employee

tons VOC

Annual VOCEmissions

   = 94.93 tons VOC per year
31

COATINGS AND RELATED PRODUCTS (SCC 2460500000) 

Aerosol spray paints and related products such as paint removers make up this consumer and commercial solvent product group. Other forms of coatings (besides aerosols) are not included in this group, but are included under 

architectural or industrial coatings, or auto body refinishing. Aerosols spray paints contain VOCs that function a

solvents and propellants. The most commonly used propellants in aerosol paints are propane, butane and isobutan

Paint removers are classified as either application removers or immersion removers. Solvents such as methanol, e

and isopropanol are also used to enhance the action of the paint remover. Methylene chloride (53 percent) and methanol (41 percent) account for the majority of paint-removing solvents consumed (Frost & Sulllivan, Inc., 19

County-level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission 

Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. The emission fa

represents pre-control emission rates. A CE of 0 percent3 and an RP of 48.6 percent4 were applied to reflect the F

Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category. 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, EmInventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed April 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commiss

Model Rules, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
32

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

 Emission Factor = 0.95 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

 Control Efficiency = 0%3

 RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

579.12

2000

1 1,158,249.50

100100

100

48.6

100

0 1,219,210 1

0.95

   

       
33

COMMERCIAL COOKING – (5 SCCs) 

Source Category Description Commercial Cooking emissions are for 5 source categories (2302002100, 2302002200, 2302003000, 2302003102302003200) based on equipment type. Emissions estimates are for all types of meat cooked in a particular piecequipment. Deep fat frying of french fries was also included. The following documentation was prepared by E.H

Pechan and Associates: For this source category, the following SCCs were assigned: 

Source

Classification Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two SCC Level Three SCC Level Four

2302002100 Industrial

Processes

Food and KindredProducts: SIC 20

Commercial Cooking ‐ Charbroiling

ConveyorizedCharbroiling

2302002200 Industrial

Processes

Food and KindredProducts: SIC 20

Commercial Cooking ‐ Charbroiling

Under‐firedCharbroiling

2302003000 Industrial

Processes

Food and KindredProducts: SIC 20

Commercial Cooking ‐ Frying

Deep Fat Frying

2302003100 Industrial

Processes

Food and KindredProducts: SIC 20

Commercial Cooking ‐ Frying

Flat Griddle Frying

2302003200 Industrial

Processes

Food and KindredProducts: SIC 20

Commercial Cooking ‐ Frying

Clamshell GriddleFrying
34

Activity Data Activity data was collected from the US Census Bureau’s county level population estimates for July 1, 2007.1

Control Factors 

No controls were assumed for this category. Emission Factors Emission factors were developed and reviewed by an ERTAC advisory panel composed of state and EPA person

(Contact: Roy Huntley, huntley.roy@epa.gov). They were created by taking 2002 emissions in the NEI and divi

by the 2002 population to develop per capita emission factors. These emission factors are listed in Table 1. 

Sample Calculations 

Emissions are calculated for each county using emission factors and activity as:  Ex,p = Ax × EFx,p1 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 
35

where:  Ex,p = annual emissions for category x and pollutant p; 

 Ax = population data associated with category x; 

 EFx,p = emission factor for category x and pollutant p. 

Example: Using conveyorized charbroiling in Allegheny County, PA as an example: According to the US Census Bureau, population on July 1, 2007 is 1,219,210 The emission factor for VOC is 0.01205 lb/person EVOC= 1,219,210 people × 0.012056 lb VOC/ person

= 14,698.81 lb VOC or 7.3494 ton VOC 

Table 1: Commercial Cooking Emission Factors Developed by ERTAC 

SCC SCC description

Pollutant

Code

Factor

Numeric

Value

Factor Unit

Numerator

Factor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 100027 1.326E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 100027 6.385E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 100414 7.668E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 100414 5.312E‐04 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 100425 3.730E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 100425 2.747E‐03 LB EACH
36

SCC SCC description

Pollutant

Code

Factor

Numeric

Value

Factor Unit

Numerator

Factor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 106445 7.003E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 106445 4.214E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 107062 2.682E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 107062 2.183E‐04 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 108883 3.597E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 108883 2.496E‐03 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 108952 4.421E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 108952 3.063E‐04 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 120127 5.943E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 120127 1.914E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 120127 8.487E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 123386 1.466E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 123386 1.113E‐03 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 129000 8.852E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 129000 3.587E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 129000 3.139E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 130498292 2.709E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 130498292 7.911E‐04 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 130498292 2.589E‐04 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 1330207 7.799E‐07 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 1330207 1.560E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 191242 1.309E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 191242 2.542E‐06 LB EACH
37

SCC SCC description

Pollutant

Code

Factor

Numeric

Value

Factor Unit

Numerator

Factor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 193395 1.278E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 193395 1.723E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 206440 6.484E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 206440 2.638E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 206440 2.371E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 208968 2.476E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 208968 6.372E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 208968 4.886E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 50000 7.796E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 50000 5.876E‐03 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 50328 1.450E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 50328 2.332E‐06 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 50328 1.154E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 56553 1.772E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 56553 5.432E‐06 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 56553 2.918E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 71432 1.006E‐03 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 71432 7.351E‐03 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 75070 5.562E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 75070 4.242E‐03 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 83329 1.613E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 83329 2.776E‐06 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 83329 1.357E‐06 LB EACH
38

SCC SCC description

Pollutant

Code

Factor

Numeric

Value

Factor Unit

Numerator

Factor Unit

Denominator

2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 84742 4.140E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 84742 2.413E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 85018 2.771E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 85018 8.647E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 85018 6.021E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 86737 6.408E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 86737 2.003E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 86737 6.484E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 91203 1.135E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 91203 2.649E‐04 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 91203 1.308E‐04 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 92524 1.271E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 92524 2.613E‐05 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying 92524 2.788E‐06 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 95476 6.167E‐05 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 95476 4.387E‐04 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 95487 3.482E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 95487 2.111E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling 98862 4.991E‐06 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling 98862 3.250E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling CO 4.245E‐02 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling CO 1.350E‐01 LB EACH2302003000 Deep Fat Flying CO 0.000E+00 LB EACH
39

SCC SCC description

Pollutant

Code

Factor

Numeric

Value

Factor Unit

Numerator

Factor Unit

Denominator

2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying CO 1.269E‐02 LB EACH2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying CO 0.000E+00 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling NOX 0.000E+00 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM10‐FIL 1.648E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling PM10‐FIL 1.048E‐03 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM10‐FIL 2.727E‐04 LB EACH2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM10‐FIL 1.981E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM10‐PRI 4.980E‐02 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling PM10‐PRI 3.528E‐01 LB EACH2302003000 Deep Fat Flying PM10‐PRI 0.000E+00 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM10‐PRI 1.031E‐01 LB EACH2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM10‐PRI 6.994E‐03 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM25‐FIL 1.597E‐04 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling PM25‐FIL 1.013E‐03 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM25‐FIL 2.074E‐04 LB EACH2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM25‐FIL 1.685E‐05 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling PM25‐PRI 4.827E‐02 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling PM25‐PRI 3.415E‐01 LB EACH2302003000 Deep Fat Flying PM25‐PRI 0.000E+00 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying PM25‐PRI 7.834E‐02 LB EACH2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying PM25‐PRI 5.910E‐03 LB EACH2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling SO2 0.000E+00 LB EACH2302002100 Conveyorized Charbroiling VOC 1.206E‐02 LB EACH
40

SCC SCC description

Pollutant

Code

Factor

Numeric

Value

Factor Unit

Numerator

Factor Unit

Denominator

2302002200 Under‐fired Charbroiling VOC 4.148E‐02 LB EACH2302003000 Deep Fat Flying VOC 1.261E‐02 LB EACH2302003100 Flat Griddle Frying VOC 5.943E‐03 LB EACH2302003200 Clamshell Griddle Frying VOC 2.316E‐04 LB EACH
41

CONSTRUCTION DUST (3 SCCs: SCC 2311010000, SCC 2311020000, SCC 2311030000) 

RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION 

Emissions from residential construction activity are a function of the acreage disturbed and volume of soil excavfor residential construction. Residential construction activity is developed from data obtained from the U.S. 

Department of Commerce (DOC)’s Bureau of the Census. The following documentation was prepared by E.H. Pand Associates with footnotes located at the end of this section: For this source category, the following SCC was assigned: 

Source 

Classification 

Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two 

SCC Level 

Three 

SCC Level 

Four 

2311010000 Industrial 

Processes 

Construction: SIC 15 - 17 

General Building Construction 

Total 

 Activity data: There are two activity calculations performed for this SCC, acres of surface soil disturbed and volume of soil remfor basements. Surface soil disturbed The US Census Bureau has 2008 data for Housing Starts - New Privately Owned Housing Units Started1 which 

provides regional level housing starts based on the groupings of 1 unit, 2-4 units, 5 or more units. A consultation 

the Census Bureau in 2002 gave a breakdown of approximately 1/3 of the housing starts being for 2 unit structur

2/3 being for 3 and 4 unit structures. The 2-4 unit category was then divided into 2-units, and 3-4 units based on ratio. 
42

To get the number of structures for each grouping, the 1unit category was divided by 1, 2 unit category was divid2, and the 3-4 unit category was divided by 3.5. The 5 or more unit category listed may be made up of more than 

structure. New Privately Owned Housing Units Authorized Unadjusted Units2 gives a conversion factor to determ

the ratio of structures to units in the 5 or more unit category. For example if a county has one 40unit apartment building, the ratio would be 40/1. If there are 5 different 8 unit buildings in the same project, the ratio would be 4

Structures started by category are then calculated at a regional level. The table Annual Housing Units Authorized 

Building Permit3 has 2007 data at the county level to allocate regional housing starts to the county level. This res

county level housing starts by number of units. The following surface areas were assumed disturbed for each un

Table 1: Surface Soil removed per unit type 

1-Unit 1/4 acre/structure2-Unit 1/3 acre/structureApartment 1/2 acre/structure 

 The 3-4 unit category was considered to be an apartment. Multiplication of housing starts to soil removed resultnumber of acres disturbed for each unit category.  Basement soil removal To calculate basement soil removal, 2007 Characteristics of New Houses4 is used to estimate the percentage of 1 

structures that have a basement (on the regional level). The county level estimate of number of 1 unit starts is multiplied by the percent of 1 unit houses in the region that have a basement to get the number of basements in a county. Basement volume is calculated by assuming a 2000 square foot house has a basement dug to a depth of 

(making 16,000 ft3 per basement). An additional 10% is added for peripheral dirt bringing the total to 17,600 ft3 p

basement. 
43

Emission Factors: Initial PM10 emissions from construction of single family, two family, and apartments structures are calculated u

the emission factors given in Table 2. The duration of construction activity for houses is assumed to be 6 monththe duration of construction for apartments is assumed to be 12 months. 

Table 2. Emission Factors for Residential Construction

Type of Structure Emission Factor Duration of Construction Apartments 0.11 tons PM10/acre-month 12 months 2-Unit Structures 0.032 tons PM10/acre-month 6 months 1-Unit Structures w/o Basements 

0.032 tons PM10/acre-month 6 months 

1-unit Structures with Basements 

0.011 tons PM10/acre-month 6 months 

0.059 tons PM10/1000 cubic yards 

Regional variances in construction emissions are corrected using soil moisture level and silt content. These correparameters are applied to initial PM10 emissions from residential construction to develop the final emissions inve

To account for the soil moisture level, the PM10 emissions are weighted using the 30-year average precipitationevaporation (PE) values from Thornthwaite’s PE Index. Average precipitation evaporation values for each State 

estimated based on PE values for specific climatic divisions within a State. These values range from 7 to 41. 
44

To account for the silt content, thePM10 emissions are weighted using average silt content for each county. A da

containing county-level dry silt values was complied. These values were derived by applying a correction factor 

developed by the California Air Resources Board to convert wet silt values to dry silt values.5

The equation for PM10 emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content 

is:

Corrected E Initial

PE

S

PM PM E 10 10  

24

9%

where: Corrected EPM10 = PM10 emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content, 

PE = precipitation-evaporation value for each State, S = % dry silt content in soil for area being inventoried. Once PM10 adjustments have been made, PM25 emissions are set to 10% of PM10 

Example Calculation: PM10 Emissions = ∑( Aunit x Tconstruction x EFunit ) x AdjPM

Where Aunit = HSUnit x SMUnit

HSUnit = Regional Housing Starts x (county building permits/Regional building permits) 

SMUnit = Area or volume of soil moved for the given unit type 

TConstruction = Construction time (in months) for given unit type 

EFUnit = Unadjusted emission factor for PM10 for the given unit type 

AdjPM = PM Adjustment factor 
45

References: 

1. New Privately Owned Housing Units Started for 2008 ( Not seasonally adjusted) 

http://www.census.gov/const/startsua.pdf

2. Table 2au. New Privately Owned Housing Units Authorized Unadjusted Units for Regions, Divisions, an

States http://www.census.gov/const/C40/Table2/tb2u2007.txt

3. Annual Housing Units Authorized by Building Permits CO2007A, purchased from US Department of Ce

4. Type of Foundation in New One-Family Houses Completed, 

http://www.census.gov/const/C25Ann/sftotalfoundation.pdf
46

NON-RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION 

Emissions from non-residential construction activity are a function of the acreage disturbed for non-residential 

construction. The following documentation was prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates with footnotes located 

end of this section: For this source category, the following SCC was assigned: 

Source 

Classification 

Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two 

SCC Level 

Three 

SCC Level 

Four 

2311020000 

Industrial Processes 

Construction: SIC 15 - 17 

Heavy Construction Total 

Activity Data: Annual Value of Construction Put in Place in the U.S1 has the 2008 National Value of Non-residential constructi

The national value of non-residential construction put in place (in millions of dollars) was allocated to counties ucounty-level non-residential construction (NAICS Code 2362) employment data obtained from County Business 

Patterns2 (CBP). Because some counties employment data was withheld due to privacy concerns, the following 

procedure was adopted: 

1. State totals for the known county level employees was subtracted from the number of employees reported 

state level version of CBP. This results in the total number of withheld employees in the state. 

2. A starting guess of the midpoint of the range code was used (so for instance in the 1-19 employees range, 

guess of 10 employees would be used) and a state total of the withheld counties was computed. 
47

3. A ratio of guessed employees (Step 2) to withheld employees (Step 1) was then used to adjust the county 

guesses up or down so the state total of adjusted guesses should match state total of withheld employees (1) 

In 1999 a figure of 2 acres/$106 was developed. The Bureau of Labor Statistics Producer Price Index3 lists costs 

construction industry from 1999-2007. 2007 acres per $106 = 1999 acres per $106 x (1999 PPI / 2007 PPI) 

=2 acres/$106 (132.9 / 204.3) 

= 1.301 acres per $106 

Emission Factors: Initial PM10 emissions from construction of non-residential buildings are calculated using an emission factor of 0

tons/acre-month. The duration of construction activity for non-residential construction is assumed to be 11 montRegional variances in construction emissions are corrected using soil moisture level and silt content. These correparameters are applied to initial PM10 emissions from non-residential construction to develop the final emissions 

inventory. To account for the soil moisture level, the PM10 emissions are weighted using the 30-year average precipitationevaporation (PE) values from Thornthwaite’s PE Index. Average precipitation evaporation values for each State 

estimated based on PE values for specific climatic divisions within a State. These values range from 7 to 41. To account for the silt content, the PM10 emissions are weighted using average silt content for each county. A da

base containing county-level dry silt values was complied. These values were derived by applying a correction f

developed by the California Air Resources Board to convert wet silt values to dry silt values.7

The equation for PM10 emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content is: 

Corrected E Initial

PE

S

PM PM E 10 10  

24

9%
48

where: Corrected EPM10 = PM10 emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content, 

PE = precipitation-evaporation value for each State, S = % dry silt content in soil for area being inventoried. Once PM10 adjustments have been made, PM25 emissions are set to 10% of PM10 

Example Calculation: EmissionsPM10 = NSpending x (Empcounty / EmpNational) x Apd x EFAdj x M 

Where NSpending = National spending 

Empcounty = county level employment data 

EmpNational = National level employment data 

Apd = Acres per million dollars EFAdj = Adjusted PM10 emission factor 

M = duration of construction activity References: 

1. Annual Value of Construction Put in Place: http://www.census.gov/const/www/ototpage.html

2. County Business Patterns: http://www.census.gov/econ/cbp/index.html3. Bureau of Labor Statistics: http://www.bls.gov/data/ Table BMNR 
49

ROAD CONSTRUCTION 

Emissions from road construction activity are a function of the acreage disturbed for road construction. Road construction activity is developed from data obtained from the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). The following documentation was prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates with footnotes located at the end of t

section: For this category, the following SCC was assigned: 

Source 

Classification 

Code SCC Level One SCC Level Two 

SCC Level 

Three 

SCC Level 

Four 

2311030000 

Industrial Processes 

Construction: SIC 15 - 17 Road Construction Total 

Activity Data: The Federal Highway Administration has Highway Statistics, Section IV - Highway Finance, Table SF-12A, Stat

Highway Agency Capital Outlay1 for 2006 which outlines spending by state in several different categories. For th

SCC, the following columns are used: New Construction, Relocation, Added Capacity, Major Widening, and MiWidening. These columns are also differentiated according to the following six classifications: 

1. Interstate, urban 2. Interstate, rural 3. Other arterial, urban 4. Other arterial, rural 5. Collectors, urban 6. Collectors, rural 
50

The State expenditure data are then converted to new miles of road constructed using $/mile conversions obtaine

the North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) in 2000. A conversion of $4 million/mile is applied interstate expenditures. For expenditures on other arterial and collectors, a conversion factor of $1.9 million/milapplied, which corresponds to all other projects. The new miles of road constructed are used to estimate the acreage disturbed due to road construction. The total disturbed in each state is calculated by converting the new miles of road constructed to acres using an acres 

disturbed/mile conversion factor for each road type as given in the table below: 

Table 1: Spending per Mile and Acres Disturbed per Mile by Highway Type 

Road Type 

Thousand Dollars per mile 

Acres Disturbed per mile 

Urban Areas, Interstate 4000 15.2Rural Areas, Interstate 4000 15.2Urban Areas, Other Arterials 1900 15.2Rural Areas, Other Arterials 1900 12.7Urban Areas, Collectors 1900 9.8Rural Areas, Collectors 1900 7.9
51

Residential building starts2 are used to allocate the state-level acres disturbed by road construction to the county. 

ratio of the number of building starts in each county to the total number of building starts in each state is applied 

state-level acres disturbed to estimate the total number of acres disturbed by road construction in each county. Emission Factors: Initial PM10 emissions from construction of roads are calculated using an emission factor of 0.42 tons/acre-month

Since most road construction consists of grading and leveling of land, the higher emission factor more accurately 

reflects the high level of cut and fill activity that occurs at road construction sites. The duration of construction a

for road construction is assumed to be 12 months. Regional variances in construction emissions are corrected using soil moisture level and silt content. These correparameters are applied to initial PM10 emissions from road construction to develop the final emissions inventory. 

To account for the soil moisture level, the PM10 emissions are weighted using the 30-year average precipitationevaporation (PE) values from Thornthwaite’s PE Index. Average precipitation evaporation values for each State 

estimated based on PE values for specific climatic divisions within a State. These values range from 7 to 41. To account for the silt content, thePM10 emissions are weighted using average silt content for each county. A da

containing county-level dry silt values was complied. These values were derived by applying a correction factor 

developed by the California Air Resources Board to convert wet silt values to dry silt values. The equation for PM10 emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content is: 

Corrected E Initial

PE

S

PM PM E 10 10  

24

9%

where: Corrected EPM10 = PM10 emissions corrected for soil moisture and silt content, 

PE = precipitation-evaporation value for each State, S = % dry silt content in soil for area being inventoried. 

Once PM10 adjustments have been made, PM25 emissions are set to 10% of PM10 
52

Emission Calculation: EmissionsPM10 = ∑(HDrt x MCrt x ACrt) x (HSCounty / HSState) x EFAdj x M 

Where HDrt = Highway Spending for a specific road type 

MCrt = Mileage conversion for a specific road type 

ACrt = Acreage conversion for a specific road type HSCounty = Housing Starts in a given county 

HSState = Housing Starts in a given State 

EFAdj = Adjusted PM10 Emission Factor 

M = duration of construction activity References: 

1. 2006 Highway Spending : http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/policy/ohim/hs06/xls/sf12a.xls

2. Annual Housing Units Authorized by Building Permits CO2007A, purchased from US Department of Ce
53

DEGREASING (4 SCCs: SCC 2415360000, SCC 2415300000, SCC 2415230000, SCC 24152000

(Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) SCC 2415360000, Manufacturing (Cold Cleaning) SCC 2415300000, Electronics (Vapor/In-Line) SCC 2415230000, Other (Vapor/In-Line) SCC 2415200000) Surface cleaning, also known as “degreasing”, includes the solvent cleaning or conditioning of metal surfaces an

fabricated plastics, electronic and electrical components and other nonporous substrates. These cleaning processedesigned to remove foreign material, such as oils, grease, waxes and moisture, usually in the preparation for furth

treatment, such as painting, electroplating, galvanizing, anodizing or applying conversion coatings. Three basic t

surface cleaning operations are currently used: cold cleaning, vapor cleaning, and in-line or conveyorized cleanin

can be either a cold or vapor cleaning process. VOC emission results from the evaporation of solvents used in theprocesses. Cold cleaning is a batch process in which solvents are applied at room temperature or slightly heated. Parts are im

in a solvent, usually mineral spirits. Parts too large for immersion may be sprayed or wiped with a solvent. The pcold cleaning application is cleaning of tools or metal parts at service and automotive repair stations and manufafacilities. Cold cleaning may incorporate covers or freeboards to limit the evaporative loss of solvents. In-line cleaners use automated load systems (typically conveyors) to maintain a continuous feed to the cleaning u

These units use both cold and vapor-cleaning methods as described above, with the majority being halogenated s

cleaning systems. These units are used for large-scale operations and are usually enclosed except to the conveyor exit. A common application of in-line cleaners is cleaning printed circuit boards for the electronic and electrical component industries. The Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) developed the following population-based methods for es

degreasing emissions. 
54

Activity data was collected from the US Census Bureau’s county level population estimates for July 1, 2007.1 Po

source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions Emission Factor Population

where: 

Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emission Factor = 2.5 lbs VOC/person/year1

Manufacturing (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emission Factor = 1.1 lbs VOC/person/year1

Electronics and Electrical (Vapor/In-Line) VOC Emission Factor = 0.21 lbs VOC/person/year1

Other (Vapor/In-Line) VOC Emission Factor = 0.49 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

Auto Repair Cold Cleaning CE (Control Efficiency) = 66%3

Manufacturing Cold Cleaning CE (Control Efficiency) = 66%3

Electronics Vapor/In-Line CE (Control Efficiency) = 63%3

Other Vapor/In-Line CE (Control Efficiency) = 63%3

All Categories RP (Rule Penetration) = 100% All Categories RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80% 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Chapter 6,Solvent Cleaning,” Table 6.5-2 (EPA 1991), prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission InveImprovement Program, Septembert 1997. 

2 2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estim

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 3 25 Pa. Code Section 129.63, “Degreasing Operations,” available from 

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.63.html 
55

Allegheny County Auto Repair (Cold Cleaning) VOC Emissions Calculation: 

 

tons VOC per year pounds ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

people

year

person

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

719.3339

2000

1 1,438,667.80

100

80

100100

100

66 1,219,210 1

2.5

  

       
56

DRY CLEANERS (SCC 2420000000) 

Three types of dry cleaning operations are used: coin-operated facilities using perchloroethylene (perc); 

commercial/industrial facilities using perc; and commercial/industrial facilities using VOC solvents. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculations below using an employment-based emission factor1 and the number of 2006 employees in NAICS codes 81231X, 81232X, and 81233X.. The number of Dry 

Cleaning employees was obtained from County Business Patterns2 by E. H. Pechan and Associates who also perf

midpoint calculations on any ranges obtained. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the sample calculatio

below. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 467 lbs VOC/ employee/ year1

Employees = 2002 (2006 Allegheny County)2

1 ERTAC Recommended, Freedonia 2007, accessed October 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final act

data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor. 
57

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

employees

year

person

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

467.467

2000

1 934,934

2002

467

  

  
58

ELECTRONIC AND OTHER ELECTRIC COATINGS (SCC 2401065000) 

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the insulation coapplied to wire and cable and electronic parts. The emissions for each county were calculated using an employmbased emission factor1 and the number of employees in NAICS codes 331319, 331422, 331491, 335929, 335921 

335311. The number of Electrical Appliance employees was obtained from County Business Patterns2 and the 

midpoints were calculated by E. H. Pechan and Associates where obtained. Each county’s emissions were estimper the sample calculations below. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 24.7 lbs VOC/employee/year1

Employees = 60 (Allegheny County)2

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project solvent working group, August 8, 2009, (version 4) .xls, accesse

September 2009. 

2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final act

data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor. 
59

 

0.741 VOCperyear 20001 1,482

60

24.7

tons

pounds

ton AnnualVOCEmissions pounds VOC per year

employees

year

employee

lbsVOC

AnnualVOCEmissions

  

  
60

FACTORY FINISHED WOOD (SCC 2401015000) 

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the gluing and c

process. The emissions for each county were calculated using an employment-based emission factor 1 and emplo

numbers in NAICS codes 321XX2. The number of employees in each county was collected from County Busine

patterns and the adjusted employee numbers were prepared by Pechan & Associates using employment midpoint 

adjustment factors for any ranges obtained. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these em

estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 43 lbs VOC/employee/year1

Employees =270 (Allegheny County)2

 

5.805. VOCperyear 20001 11,610

270

43

tons

pounds

ton AnnualVOCEmissions pounds VOC per year

employees

year

employee

lbsVOC

AnnualVOCEmissions

  

  

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project solvent working group, August 8, 2009, (version 4).xls, accesse

September 2009. 

2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

flag letters reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final act

data using the employment midpoint and adjustment factor. 
61

FIFRA-REGULATED PRODUCTS (SCC 2460800000) 

Pesticides defined by FIFRA include substances or mixtures that are used to prevent, destroy, repel, or mitigate pas well as substances used as plant regulators, defoliators, and desiccants. Consumer pesticides are used in the h

and garden, as well as in commercial and governmental applications. Disinfectants and antimicrobial products a

included. Household uses include pet care products, disinfectants and insecticides. All consumer and commerci

pesticides contain VOCs. Aerosol and liquid sprays contain VOCs as solvents, usually ethanol and isobutane. Pesticides products can be grouped according to their target pest, but should also be grouped according to their fo(solid, liquid or aerosol) when considering control measures. County-level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission 

Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. The emission fac

represents pre-control emission rates. A CE of 20 percent3 and an RP of 48.6 percent4 were applied to reflect the 

Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category. 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, EmInventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed March 2009 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commiss

Model Rules, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
62

Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

 Emission Factor = 1.78 lbs per person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

 Control Efficiency = 20%3

 RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Chapter 5, Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, EmInventory Improvement Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed March 2009 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

[10] data Set: 2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-

01.html, accessed March 2009. 3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commiss

Model Rules, prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
63

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

979.6255

2000

1 1,959,250.963

100100

100

48.6

100

20 1,219,210 1

1.78

   

       
64

FUEL COMBUSTION – COMMERCIAL/INSTITUTIONAL (7 SCCs: SCC 2103001000, SCC 210300200SCC 2103004000, SCC 2103005000, SCC 2103006000, SCC 2103007000, SCC 2103011000) Source Description and Classification This sub-sector covers emissions from fuel combustion at stationary non-point sources within the commercial/institutional sector. These documentation and fuel combustion emissions were calculated by E. H. Pand Associates. References are listed at the end of the Fuel Combustion – Commercial/Institutional section. The 

following are the fuel types that will be included in the inventory for the commercial/institutional non-point sour

sector: anthracite coal, bituminous/sub-bituminous coal, distillate oil, residual oil, natural gas, LPG, wood, and 

kerosene. Motor gasoline is not included as a non-point source because it is expected that all non-point gasoline 

combustion in this sector is included in the non-road inventory. The approach to be used in calculating emissions for commercial/institutional fuel combustion is to first develop 

level fuel consumption estimates, then to allocate these to the county-level, and then to multiply the resulting coulevel consumption estimates by appropriate emission factors. 

Source Classification. The non-point SCCs associated with commercial/institutional fuel combustion are displa

Table 1. 

Table 1. Non-point Source Commercial/Institutional Fuel Combustion SCCs 

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Leve

2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types 2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Sub-bituminous 

Coal 

Total: All Boiler Types 

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Total: Boilers and IC En2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types 2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Total: Boilers and IC En
65

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Leve

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas 

(LPG) 

Total: All Combustor Ty

2103008000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Wood Total: All Boiler Types 2103011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Total: All Combustor Ty

Activity Data Table 2 summarizes this sector’s non-point source activity data, units, and data source. Total state-level commersector energy consumption data are available from the Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s State Energy System (SEDS), and were used for most source categories (EIA, 2007a). However, as documented below, a num

adjustments were made to the SEDS data, and a separate EIA data source was used for distillate oil. Year 2006 S

data were used to estimate 2007 emissions because these were the latest year consumption data available at the tithis work was performed in 2009. 

Table 2. Non-point Source Commercial/Institutional Fuel Combustion Activity Data 

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4 Activity 

2103001000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Anthracite Coal Total: All Boiler Types Thousand short to

of coal consumed 

2103002000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/ 

Sub-bituminous Coal 

Total: All Boiler Types Thousand short to

of coal consumed 

2103004000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Total: All Boiler Types Thousand barrels 

distillate oil consu

2103005000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Total: All Boiler Types Thousand barrels 

residual oil consum
66

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 SCC Level 4 Activity 

2103006000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Total: All Boiler Types Million cubic feet o

natural gas consu

2103007000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas 

(LPG) 

Total: All Combustor Types 

Thousand barrels LPG consumed 

2103008000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Wood Total: All Boiler Types Billion Btu of wood 

consumed 

2103011000 Stationary Source Fuel Combustion Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Total: All Combustor 

Types 

Thousand barrels kerosene consum

(a) With adjustments that are described in the text of this section.Fuel-Specific Activity Data Adjustments Coal - for commercial/institutional coal combustion, the SEDS data do not provide coal consumption estimates b

of coal (i.e., anthracite versus bituminous/sub-bituminous) and in some cases, CAP emission factors differ betwe

two. Because anthracite is mined in the eastern half of the Commonwealth, while bituminous is mined in the wes

half, the emission calculations assume that eastern counties burn anthracite coal while western counties burn 

bituminous coal. Commercial Coal Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Coal Consumption where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 0.3 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0.05 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year NOx Emission Factor = 9 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 11 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year 

CO Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 5.0 lbs/ton bituminous coal/yearPb Emission Factor = 0.00042 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year and bituminous coal/year 
67

SO2 Emission Factor =34.71 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 91.96 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year (E

default values for PA) 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 14.718 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 12 lbs/ton bituminous coal/y

PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 6.4224 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 1.4 lbs/ton bituminous coal/y

PM-CON Emission Factor = 0.08 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0.04 lbs/ton bituminous coal/yeaAnthracite Coal Sulfur Content = 0.89% Bituminous Coal Sulfur Content = 2.42% Anthracite Coal Ash Content = 13.38% ash Pennsylvania Commercial Coal Consumption = 574,000 tonsNumber of Commercial County Employees (Allegheny County) = 637,800Number of Pennsylvania’s Commercial Employees = 4,546,525

where: 

NOX Emissions:

tons NOX per year lbs ton Annual NOX Emissions poundsNOX per year

employeesin state

employeesin county

ns

year

lbs NOX

Annual NOX Emissions

442.8733

2000

1 885,746.6307

4,546,525

637,800 574,000 to ton bituminous coal

11

    
68

Distillate Oil and LPG – the SEDS commercial/institutional sector distillate oil and LPG consumption data incl

consumption estimates for equipment that EPA includes in the non-road sector inventory. To avoid double-coun

LPG consumption, EPA ran the National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) for 2006 and calculated the national volume of non-road LPG consumption from commercial sector source categories. This estimate was then dividethe SEDS total industrial sector LPG consumption estimate to yield the proportion of total commercial/institution

sector LPG consumption attributable to the non-road sector in that year (approximately 18 percent). To estimate 

volume of commercial/institutional sector LPG consumption that should not be included in the non-point source 

ventory EPA subtracted 18 percent from each state’s commercial sector LPG consumption estimate reported in S

To avoid double-counting of distillate oil consumption between the non-point and non-road sector emission 

inventories, EPA relied on a source other than SEDS to estimate consumption. The approach uses more detailed distillate oil consumption estimates reported in EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, and assumptions from the 

regulatory impact analysis (RIA) for EPA’s non-road diesel emissions rulemaking (EIA, 2008b; EPA, 2003). Tadisplays the assumptions that were applied to the state-level distillate oil consumption estimates reported in Fuel 

and Kerosene Sales to estimate total stationary source commercial/institutional sector consumption. 

Table 4. Assumptions Used to Estimate Commercial/Institutional Sector Stationary Source Dis

Fuel Consumption 

Sector Distillate Fuel Type 

% of Total 

Consumption 

from Stationary 

Sources 

Commercial No. 1 Distillate Fuel Oil 80 

No. 2 Distillate Fuel Oil 100 No. 2 Distillate/Ultra-Low, Low, and High Sulfur Diesel 

0a

No. 4 Distillate Fuel Oil 100 

a A very small portion of total commercial/institutional diesel is consumed by point sources (SCC 203001xx)
69

Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Oil Consumption where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 0.34 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year NOx Emission Factor = 20 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year 

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.00126 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year Sulfur Content = 0.3% SO2 Emission Factor = 42.6 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 1.08 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/thous. gal. distillate oil/year 

Pennsylvania Commercial Distillate Oil Consumption = 4,264,000 barrels = 179,088 thousand 

gallons 

where: 

Number of Allegheny County Commercial Employees =637,800

Number of Pennsylvania Commercial Employees = 4,546,525 

NO2 Emissions:

tons NO per year lbs ton Annual NO Emissions poundsNO per year

employeesin state

employeesin county thousgallons

year

istoil

lbs NO

Annual NO Emissions

251.2300 2

2000

1 2 502,459.9069 2

4,546,525

637,800 179,088, ton d

20 2

2

    
70

Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Oil Consumption

where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 1.13 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year NOx Emission Factor = 55 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year 

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.00165 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year SO2 Emission Factor = 353.25 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year 

Sulfur Content = 2.25% PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 14.9413 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 5.5488 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.5 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year Pennsylvania Commercial Residual Consumption = 287,000 barrels = 12,054,000 gallons 

 where: 

Number of Commercial/Institutional County Employees (Allegheny County) = 637,800 

Number of Pennsylvania Commercial/Institutional Employees = 4,546,525 

VOC Emissions:

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOCEmissions poundsVOC per year

employeesin state

employeesin county thousgallons

year

gal s oil

lbs VOC

Annual VOCLEmissions

0.9554

2000

1 1910.7971

4,546,525

637,800 12,054 1000 Re .

1.13

  

  
71

Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Oil Consumption

where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 5.5 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year NOx Emission Factor = 100 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year 

CO Emission Factor = 84 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year Pb Emission Factor = .0005 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year SO2 Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 0.13 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.11 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 0.32 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year Pennsylvania Commercial/Institutional NG Consumption = 130,328 MMCF 

where: 

Number of Allegheny County Commercial Employees = 637,800

Number of Pennsylvania Commercial Employees = 4,546,525 
72

CO Emissions:

tons CO per year lbs ton Annual CO Emissions poundsCO per year

employeesin state

employeesin count MMCFNG

year

MMCFNG

lbs CO

Annual CO Emissions

767.8775

2000

1 1,535,755.036

4,546,525

637,800 130,328

84

    

Commercial/Institutional LPG Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor LPG Consumption

 where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 21.91 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year NOx Emission Factor = 398.38 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year 

CO Emission Factor = 501.96 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.001827 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year SO2 Emission Factor = 2.39 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 0.797 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.438 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.28 lbs/1000 barrel LPG/year Pennsylvania Commercial/Institutional LPG Consumption = 689,000 barrels 
73

where: 

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =637,800

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 4,546,525 

VOC Emissions:

tonsVOC per year lbs ton Annual VOCEmissions poundsVOC per year

employeesin state

employeesin county BBL

year

BBL

lbs VOC

Annual VOCEmissions

1.0588

2000

1 2,117.7102

4,546,525

637,800 689,000 1000

21.91

    

Commercial/Institutional Kerosene Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor KeroseneConsumption wher

VOC Emission Factor = 0.3278571 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year NOx Emission Factor = 19.28572 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year 

CO Emission Factor = 4.821429 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.001215 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year SO2 Emission Factor = 41.07857 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 1.041429 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.8003572 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.25 lbs/1000 gal Kerosene/year Pennsylvania Commercial Kerosene Consumption = 420,000 barrels = 17,640,000 gallons 
74

where: 

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =637,800 Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 4,546,525 

SO2 Emissions:

tons SO per year lbs ton Annual SO Emissions poundsSO per year

employeesin state

employeesin county GAL

year

GAL

lbs SO

Annual SO Emissions

2 2 2

2

2

50.8263

2000

1 101,652.6791

4,546,525

637,800 17,640,000 1000

41.07857

    

Point Source Energy Adjustment Because the point source inventory also includes commercial/institutional fuel combustion source categories, it inecessary to subtract point source inventory fuel use from the SEDS fuel consumption estimates. Table 5 displaycrosswalk between commercial/institutional fuel combustion non-point SCCs and associated point SCCs that EPplans to use in the subtraction procedure. The subtractions will be performed after summing the point source throughput estimates to the state-level. 
75

Table 5. Point Source Subtraction SCCs Relevant to Nonpoint Source 

Commercial/Institutional Fuel Combustion 

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not sp

2103001000 & 2103002000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Anthracite Coal; Total: All Boiler Types and Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coa

103002xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coal 10500202 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Coal) 50190002 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal - Government Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Coal) 50290002 Waste Disposal 

Solid Waste Disposal - Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Coal) 

2103004000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Distillate Oil; Total: Boilers and IC Engines 

103005xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Distillate Oil 10500205 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Distillate Oil) 50190005 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal - Government Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Distillate Oil) 50290005 Waste Disposal 

Solid Waste Disposal - Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Distillate Oil) 

2103005000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Residual Oil; Total: All Boiler Types 

103004xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Residual Oil 

2103006000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Natural Gas; Total: Boilers and IC Engines 

103006xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas 10500206 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Natural Gas) 203002xx Internal Combustion Engines Commercial/Institutional Natural Gas 50190006 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal - Government Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Natural Gas) 50290006 Waste Disposal 

Solid Waste Disposal - Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Natural Gas) 

2103007000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Liquid Petroleum Gas; Total: All Combustor Types 

103010xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 10500210 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (LPG) 203010xx Internal Combustion Engines Commercial/Institutional Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 50190010 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal - Government Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (LPG) 50290010 Waste Disposal 

Solid Waste Disposal - Commercial/Institutional Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (LPG) 

2103008000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Wood; Total: All Boiler Types 

103009xx External Combustion Boilers Commercial/Institutional Wood/Bark Waste 10500209 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Wood) 

2103011000 -- Commercial/Institutional; Kerosene; Total: All Combustor Types 

203009xx Internal Combustion Engines Commercial/Institutional Kerosene/Naphtha (Jet Fuel) 50100603 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal - Government Fire Fighting (Kerosene) 
County Allocation of State Activity Data 

Year 2007 county-level activity estimates will be developed by allocating the state-level activity resulting from t

SEDS data described above. The EPA compiled 2006 estimates of commercial sector (NAICS codes 42 through 

from the Bureau of Census’ County Business Patterns 2006 for use in this procedure (Census, 2009a). A separat

how withheld County Business Patterns employment data were estimated (Divita, 2008). The EPA also develop

estimates of institutional sector (NAICS code 92) employment from 2007 local government employment data in Governments and adjustments reflecting each state’s 2006/2007 local government 

employment ratio (Census, 2009b).1 State-level commercial/institutional fuel combustion by fuel type was alloc

using the ratio of the number of commercial/institutional sector employees in each county to the total number of commercial/institutional sector employees in the state. 

Emission Factors The EPA has compiled criteria and hazardous air pollutant emission factors for non-point source commercial/inscombustion categories (Huntley, 2009). These emission factors, which are too numerous to list here, are includewithin the ICI fuel combustion workbook. In most cases, these are the same emission factors that were used in p

non-point source NEI (Pechan, 2006). Commercial/institutional wood combustion emission factors were obtainecombustion study being performed for the Central Regional Air Planning Association (CENRAP) (Pechan, 2009

Potential Improvements States may wish to incorporate the following improvements in developing non-point source commercial/institutio

emission estimates: Update SO2 emission factors to reflect coal sulfur content estimates for coal used in the indu

1 County-level federal and state government employment data are not available from the Bureau of the Census. 
77

a recent review of industrial and commercial coal sulfur content values for the Central Regional Air Planning As

that the 2002 NEI values are based on unrepresentative data (Pechan, 2009b).1

Additional References for Fuel Combustion - Commercial/Institutional1. Census, 2009a: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, County Business Patterns 2006, availa

http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/download/06_data/index.html, accessed March 2009. 

Census, 2009b: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, “Local Government Employment and Pa

2007 Census of Governments, available from: http://www.census.gov/govs/www/apesloc06.html, accessed Marc

2. Divita, 2008: Divita, Frank, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., memorandum to Roy Huntley, U.S. EnvironmenAgency, “County Business Patterns Calculations,” December 4, 2008. 3. EIA, 2008a: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, State Energy Data System – Co

Units, 1960-2006, available from: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/_seds.html, released November 28, 2008

4. EIA, 2008b: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, dhttp://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_nus_a.htm, release date December 23, 2008. 5. EPA, 2003: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “Draft Regulatory Impact Analysis: Control of EmissionDiesel Engines,” EPA420-R-03-008, Office of Transportation and Air Quality, April 2003. 6. Huntley, 2009: Huntley, Roy, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, “SCCs & emission factors to be used in 

Bollman May 1 2009.mdb [electronic file],” May 1, 2009. 

1 Actual data characterizing sulfur content of coal consumed in the commercial sector is limited, but appears to bindustrial coal consumption values. Therefore, industrial sector sulfur content can reasonably be assumed to be r

commercial sector sulfur content. 
78

7. Pechan, 2009a: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Area Combustion Source Emissions Inventory ImprovemenTechnical Memorandum,” E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., prepared for Central Regional Air Planning Associati

8. Pechan, 2009b: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Evaluation of ICI Combustion Coal Sulfur Content, Technicprepared for Central Regional Air Planning Association, March 28, 2009. 9. Pechan, 2006: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. “Documentation for the Final 2002 Nonpoint Sector (Feb 06 VEmission Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants,” prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agen
79

FUEL COMBUSTION – INDUSTRIAL (7 SCCs: 2102001000, SCC 2102002000, SCC 2102004000, SCC 2102005000, SCC 2102006000, SCC 2102007000, SCC 2102011000) Source Category Description This sub-sector covers emissions from fuel combustion at stationary non-point sources within the industrial secto

are not reported in the point source inventory because their emissions are too small). These documentation and f

emissions were calculated by E. H. Pechan and Associates. References are listed at the end of the Fuel Combust

section. Industrial fuel combustion emissions will be computed for the following fuel types: coal, distillate oil, rgas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), kerosene, and wood. There are additional types of energy that are consumed in the industrial sector: asphalt and road oil; feedstocks, 

401°F); feedstocks, other oils (greater than 401°F); lubricants; motor gasoline; miscellaneous petroleum products

special naphthas; and waxes. With the exception of motor gasoline, all of these additional fossil fuels are not act

(oxidized) but are used as chemical feedstocks, construction materials, lubricants, solvents, or reducing agents. T

industrial sector combustion emissions from these fuel types. As described in more detail later, most of the fuel 

included in the industrial combustion sector, also have a non-fuel use component. Therefore, it is necessary to ex

in calculating non-point source industrial fuel combustion activity/emissions. Motor gasoline is not inventoried because it is expected that gasoline combustion in this sector is included in the non-road inventory. The approach to be used in calculating emissions for industrial fuel combustion is to first develop state-level fuel 

estimates, then to allocate these to the county-level, and then to multiply the resulting county-level consumption 

appropriate emission factors. 
80

Source Classification. Table 1 displays the non-point SCCs associated with industrial fuel combustion. 

Table 1. Non-point Source Industrial Fuel Combustion SCCs 

SCC SCC Level 1 

SCC Level 

2 SCC Level 3 SCC 

2102001000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Anthracite Coal Total: All B

2102002000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Bituminous/Sub-bituminous 

Coal 

Total: All B

2102004000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Distillate Oil Total: Boil

Engines 

2102005000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Residual Oil Total: All B

2102006000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Natural Gas Total: Boil

Engines 

2102007000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas 

(LPG) 

Total: All B

2102008000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Wood Total: All B

2102011000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial Kerosene Total: All B
81

Activity Data Table 2 summarizes this sector’s non-point source activity data, units, and data source. Total state-level inconsumption data are available from the Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s State Energy Data Syste

used for most source categories (EIA, 2008a). However, as documented below, a number of adjustments wedata, and a separate EIA data source was used for distillate oil. Year 2006 SEDS data were used to estimate 20

these were the latest year consumption data available at the time this work was performed in 2009 

Table 2. Non-point Source Industrial Fuel Combustion Activity Data 

SCC SCC Level 1 

SCC 

Level 2

SCC Level 

3 SCC Level 4 Activity 

A

2102001000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Anthracite Coal 

Total: All Boiler Types 

Thousand short tons of coal consumed 

E

2102002000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Bituminous/Subbituminous Coal 

Total: All Boiler Types 

Thousand short tons of coal consumed 

E

2102004000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Distillate Oil Total: 

Boilers and IC Engines 

Thousand barrels of distillate oil consumed 

EaS
82

SCC SCC Level 1 

SCC 

Level 2

SCC Level 

3 SCC Level 4 Activity 

A

2102005000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Residual Oil Total: All 

Boiler Types 

Thousand barrels of residual oil consumed 

E

2102006000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Natural Gas Total: 

Boilers and IC Engines 

Million cubic feet of natural gas consumed 

E

2102007000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) 

Total: All Boiler Types 

Thousand barrels of LPG consumed 

E

2102008000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Wood Total: All 

Boiler Types 

Billion Btu of wood consumed 

E

2102011000 

Stationary Source Fuel Combustion 

Industrial 

Kerosene Total: All 

Boiler Types 

Thousand barrels of kerosene consumed 

E

a With adjustments that are described in the text of this section. 

Fuel-Specific Activity Data Adjustments Coal - for industrial coal combustion, it was necessary to compile data representing a sub-set of total sector coal 

representing non-coke plant consumption were compiled from EIA because coal consumed by coke plants is accsource inventory. The SEDS data do not provide coal consumption estimates by type of coal (i.e., anthracite verbituminous) and in some cases, CAP emission factors differ between the two. Because anthracite is mined in the 

Commonwealth, while bituminous is mined in the western half, the emission calculations assume that eastern cou

coal while western counties burn bituminous coal. 
83

Industrial Coal Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Coal Consumption where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 0.3 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0.05 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year NOx Emission Factor = 9 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 11 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year 

CO Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 5.0 lbs/ton bituminous coal/yearPb Emission Factor = 0.00042 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year and bituminous coal/year 

SO2 Emission Factor =34.71 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 91.96 lbs/ton bituminous coal/year (E

PA) 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 14.718 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 12 lbs/ton bituminous coal/y

PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 6.4224 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 1.4 lbs/ton bituminous coal/y

PM-CON Emission Factor = 0.08 lbs/ton anthracite coal/year; 0.04 lbs/ton bituminous coal/yeaAnthracite Coal Sulfur Content = 0.89% Bituminous Coal Sulfur Content = 2.42% Anthracite Coal Ash Content = 13.38% ash Pennsylvania Industrial Coal Consumption = 2,597,000 tons Number of Industrial County Employees (Allegheny County) = 41,656 Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 

where: 

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 
84

CO Emissions:

tons CO per year lbs ton Annual CO Emissions poundsCO per year

employeesin state

employeesin county ns

year

lbs CO

Annual CO Emissions

337.8204

2000

1 675,640.7995

800,578

41,656 2,597,000 to ton bituminous coal

5

    

Distillate Oil and LPG – the SEDS industrial sector distillate oil and LPG consumption data include consumptio

equipment that EPA includes in the non-road sector inventory. In particular, SEDS considers the following non-activities to be part of the industrial sector: farming, logging, mining, and construction. To avoid double-countin

consumption, EPA ran the National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) for 2006 and calculated the national volum

consumption from agriculture, logging, mining, and construction source categories. This estimate was then divided into the SEDS total industrial sector LPG consumption estimate to yield the prop

industrial sector LPG consumption attributable to the non-road sector in that year (approximately 9 percent). 

To estimate the volume of industrial sector LPG consumption that should not be included in the non-point source 

combustion category, EPA subtracted 9 percent from each state’s industrial sector LPG consumption estimate repTo avoid double-counting of distillate oil consumption between the non-point and non-road sector emission inve

a source other than SEDS to estimate consumption. The approach uses more detailed distillate oil consumption e

EIA’s Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, and assumptions used in the regulatory impact analysis (RIA) for EPA’s non

emissions rulemaking (EIA, 2008b; EPA, 2003). Table 4 displays the assumptions that were applied to the state-level distillate oil consumption estimates reported 

Kerosene Sales to estimate total stationary source industrial sector consumption. 
85

Table 4. Assumptions Used to Estimate Industrial Sector Stationary Source Distillate Fuel 

Sector Distillate Fuel Type 

% of Total 

Consumption 

from Stationary 

Sources 

Industrial No. 1 Distillate Fuel Oil 60 

No. 2 Distillate Fuel Oil 100 No. 2 Distillate/Low and High Sulfur Diesel 

15a

No. 4 Distillate Fuel Oil 100 

Farm Diesel 0 

Other Distillate Fuel Oil 100 

Off-Highway (Construction and Other) 

Distillate Fuel Oil 5 

a This value differs from the 0% assumption adopted in EPA’s non-road diesel emissions rulemaking because it is known that s

used by stationary sources (a 15 percent value was selected for use as an approximate mid-point of a potential range of 8 to 24source use computed from a review of data from the EIA’s Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey and Fuel Oil and Kerose

Industrial Distillate Oil Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Oil Consumption
86

 where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 0.20 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year NOx Emission Factor = 20 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year 

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.00126 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year SO2 Emission Factor = 42.6 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year 

Sulfur Content = 0.3% PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 1 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.25 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/thous gal. distillate oil/year Pennsylvania Industrial Distillate Oil Consumption = 2,521,000 barrels = 105,882 thouand ga

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 

SO2 Emissions:

tons SO per year lbs ton Annual SO Emissions poundsSO per year

employeesin state

employeesin county thousgallons

year

gal istoil

lbs SO

Annual SO Emissions

117.3479 2

2000

1 2 234,695.9787 2

800,578

41,656 105,882 1000 d

42.6 2

2

  

  
87

Industrial Residual Oil Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor Oil Consumption where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 0.28 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year NOx Emission Factor = 47 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year 

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.00165 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year SO2 Emission Factor = 353.25 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year 

Sulfur Content = 2.25% PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 20.7213 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 13.4963 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.5 lbs/thous gal. residual oil/year Pennsylvania Industrial Residual Oil Consumption = 1,702,000 barrels = 71,484 thousand gall

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 

PM10-FIL Emissions:

tons PM FIL per year lbs ton Annual PM FILEmissions poundsPM FIL per year

employeesin state

employeesin county thousgallons

year

gal s oil

lbs PM FIL

Annual PM FILEmissions

     

 



 

38.5363 10

2000

1 10 77,072.5553 10

800,578

41,656 71,484 1000 Re .

20.7213 10

10
88

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor NG Consumption

 where: 

VOC Emission Factor = 5.5 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year NOx Emission Factor = 100 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year 

CO Emission Factor = 84 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year Pb Emission Factor = .0005 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year SO2 Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 0.13 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.11 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 0.32 lbs/MMCF natural gas/year Pennsylvania Industrial NG Consumption = 193,856 MMCF 

where: 

Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 

NOx Emissions:
89

tons NOx per year lbs ton Annual NOxEmissions poundsNOx per year

employeesin state

employeesin county MMCF

year

MMCF

lbs NOx

Annual NOxEmissions

504.3397

2000

1 1,008,679.421

800,578

41,656 193,856

100

    

Industrial LPG Gas Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor LPG Consumption

 where: 
90

VOC Emission Factor = 21.91 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year NOx Emission Factor = 398.38 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year 

CO Emission Factor = 501.96 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.001827 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year SO2 Emission Factor = 2.39 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 0.797 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.438 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.28 lbs/ thous bbl LPG/year Pennsylvania Industrial LPG Consumption = 3,923,000 bbl Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 

CO Emissions:

tons CO per year lbs ton Annual COEmissions poundsCO per year

employeesin state

employeesin county BBL

year

BBL

lbs CO

Annual COEmissions

51.2308

2000

1 102,461.6469

800,578

41,656 3,923,000 1000

501.96

    

Industrial Kerosene Combustion:

      Number of State Employees Number of County Employees Annual Emissions Pollutant Emission Factor KeroseneConsumption

 where: 
91

VOC Emission Factor = 0.1928471 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year NOx Emission Factor = 20.0 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year 

CO Emission Factor = 5.0 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year Pb Emission Factor = 0.001215 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year SO2 Emission Factor = 42.6 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year 

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 1.0 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.25 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/ thous gal Kerosene/year Number of Allegheny County Industrial Employees =41,656

Number of Pennsylvania Industrial Employees = 800,578 

SO2 Emissions:

tonsSO peryear lbs ton AnnualSO Emissions poundsSO peryear

employeesin state

employeesin county

year

Gal

lbs SO

AnnualSO Emissions

2 2 2

2

2

1.8158

2000

1 3,630.7589

800,578

41,656 1,638,000 1000

42.6

   

Non-Fuel Use Energy Adjustment 

Some industrial sector energy is consumed for non-fuel purposes. For example, natural gas is used as a feedstoc

manufacturing plants and to make nitrogenous fertilizer, and LPG is used to create intermediate products that are To estimate the volume of fuel that is associated with industrial combustion, it is necessary to subtract the volumfor non-energy uses from the volume of total fuel consumption. The EPA’s State Greenhouse Gas Inventory Too

national defaults representing the percentage of total industrial fuel consumption from non-energy uses. These dadditional limitation beyond their lack of geographic detail - they represent the EIA’s definition of the industrial 

includes fuel consumption from industrial, farm, mining, and construction sectors that is accounted for in the non
92

Furthermore, a review of the SIT default data indicates that all residual oil is consumed as a fuel source. Howev

Manufacturing Energy Consumption Survey (MECS) indicates significant non-fuel use of residual oil in the man

(EIA, 2007a). In discussions about this issue, EIA noted that the non-fuel use data in the SIT appeared to be inco

MECS data were representative of 2002 non-fuel use (Lorenz, 2009). Given this concern, a review was conducte

assumptions incorporated into the EIA’s GHG emissions inventory for 2005 (EIA, 2007b). For each type of induconsumed in 2006, Table 5 summarizes EIA’s non-fuel use assumptions. 

Table 5. Non-Fuel Use Information from EIA’s 2005 GHG Inventory 

Fuel Non-Fuel Use 

Assumption 

Asphalt and Road Oil 100% Coal (non-coke) Yes (<100%) Distillate Oil Yes (<100%) Feedstocks, Naphtha <401°F 100% Feedstocks, Other oils >401°F 100% Kerosene None LPG Yes (<100%) Lubricants 100% Misc. Petroleum Products 100% Motor Gasoline None Natural Gas Yes (<100%) Pentanes Plus 100% Residual Oil Yes (<100%) Special Naphthas 100% Waxes 100% 

In calculating the emission activity for industrial fuel combustion, EPA excluded all SEDS fuel types for which Epercent of consumption is non-fuel use. 
93

 For fuel types for which non-fuel use occurs, but is less than 100 percent, Pechan reviewed two information sou

non-fuel use percentage to apply in the NEI. The first source was that listed by EIA in its 2005 national GHG inwas the EIA’s 2002 MECS. The MECS data has the advantage of providing region-specific estimates as well as 

fuel consumption that is already accounted for in the non-road inventory. For distillate and residual fuel and natu

inventory source was MECS. For LPG, it was not possible to use the EIA GHG inventory source for non-fuel co

proprietary source published by the American Petroleum Institute. For non-coke coal, EIA extrapolated data from  The MECS non-fuel consumption data treat coal that is used to produce coke as a feedstock, and therefore, MECrepresent non-coke coal consumption. The 2002 MECS data treat “synthetic coal” that is ultimately combusted a

non-fuel (feedstock) use. Because of the limitations of the MECS data, EPA obtained from EIA a rough estimate 

non-coking coal that is used for non-fuel purposes (while also treating “synthetic coal” as a fuel use). 

Based on the EIA’s estimate that 5-10 percent of non-coke coal is used for non-fuel purposes, EPA assumed that 

coke plant industrial sector coal consumption is for non-fuel purposes (Lorenz, 2009). Table 6 presents the non-

that were applied to estimate industrial fuel combustion activity. 

Table 6. Industrial Sector Non-Fuel Use Estimates 

Fuel 

% Non-Fuel Use by Region 

Northeast South Midwest West Source 

Distillate Oil 5a 9b 9b 5a 2002 MLPG 41a 98 88 41a 2002 MNatural Gas 1 15 6 41 2002 MNon-Coke Coal 

7c 7c 7c 7c Lorenz

2009 

Residual Oil 0 25b 25b 8 2002 M

a Due to withheld data, value represents combination of Northeast and West region data. b Due to withheld data, value represents combination of Midwest and South region data. c Region-specific values not available. 
94

Source Energy Adjustment Because the point source inventory also includes industrial fuel combustion categories, it is necessary to subtract 

inventory fuel use from the SEDS fuel consumption estimates. Table 7 displays a crosswalk between industrial fuel combustion non-point SCCs and associated point SCCs that the subtraction procedure.1 The subtractions will be performed after summing the point source throughput estim

County Allocation of State Activity Data Year 2005 county-level activity estimates will be developed by allocating the state-level activity resulting from t

EIA data described above. The EPA compiled 2006 estimates of manufacturing sector employment from the BuCounty Business Patterns 2006 for use in this procedure (Census, 2009). State-level industrial fuel combustion b

allocated to each county using the ratio of the number of manufacturing sector (NAICS codes 31-33) employees 

total number of manufacturing sector employees in the state. A separate document describes how withheld County Business Patterns employment data were estimated (Divita

Table 7. Point Source Subtraction SCCs Relevant to Non-point Source Industrial Fuel Combustion 

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not specifi

2102002000 – Industrial; Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coal; Total: All Boiler Types 

102002xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Bituminous/Sub-bituminous Coal 10500102 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Industrial (Coal) 390002xx Industrial Processes In-Process Fuel Use Bituminous Coal 50390002 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal – Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Coal) 

2102004000 – Industrial; Distillate Oil; Total: All Boilers and IC Engines 

102005xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Distillate Oil 10201403 External Combustion Boilers Industrial CO Boiler (Distillate Oil) 1 As noted in a footnote to Table 7, it is important to exclude any natural gas pipeline fuel use from the point sou

procedure because SEDS includes such use in the Transportation sector rather than the Industrial sector. 
95

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not specifi

10500105 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Industrial (Distillate Oil) 202001xx Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Distillate Oil (Diesel) 20200401 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Large Bore Engine (Diesel) 20200405 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Crankcase Blow-by (Diesel) 20200406 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Evaporative Losses (Fuel Storage and Delivery System) (D20200407 Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Exhaust (Diesel) 27000320 Internal Combustion Engines Off-Highway Diesel Engines Industrial Equipment 30190001 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30190011 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30190021 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30290001 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30390001 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30390011 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30390021 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30400406 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Lead (Distillate Oil) 30490001 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30490011 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30490021 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30490031 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30500208 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (Distillate Oil) 30505022 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (Distillate Oil) 30590001 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30590011 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30590021 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30600901 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (Distillate Oil) 30609901 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (Distillate Oil) 30790001 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30790011 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30790021 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30890001 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30890011 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30890021 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30990001 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 30990011 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 31000401 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Distillate Oil) 
96

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not specifi

31000411 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Distillate Oil) 31390001 Industrial Processes Electrical Equipment Process Heaters (Distillate Oil) 390005xx Industrial Processes In-Process Fuel Use Distillate Oil 39900501 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Process Heater/Furnace (Distillate Oil) 39990001 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Distillate Oil) 39990011 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Distillate Oil) 39990021 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Distillate Oil) 40201002 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (Distillate Oil) 40290011 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 49090011 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 49090021 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Distillate Oil) 50390005 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal – Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Distillate Oil) 

2102005000 – Industrial; Residual Oil; Total: All Boiler Types 

102004xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Residual Oil 10201404 External Combustion Boilers Industrial CO Boiler (Residual Oil) 202005xx Internal Combustion Boilers Industrial Residual/Crude Oil 30190002 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30190012 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30190022 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30290002 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30390002 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30390012 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30390022 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30490002 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30490012 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30490022 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30490032 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30500207 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (Residual Oil) 30505021 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (Residual Oil) 30590002 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30590012 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30600111 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Process Heaters (Residual Oil) 30600902 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (Residual Oil) 30609902 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (Residual Oil) 30790002 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30790012 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30790022 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30890002 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 
97

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not specifi

Products 

30890012 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30890022 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30990002 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 30990012 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 31000402 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Residual Oil) 31000412 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Residual Oil) 31390002 Industrial Processes Electrical Equipment Process Heaters (Residual Oil) 390004xx Industrial Processes In-Process Fuel Use Residual Oil 39990002 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Residual Oil) 39990012 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Residual Oil) 39990022 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Residual Oil) 40201003 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (Residual Oil) 40290012 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 49090012 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 49090022 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Residual Oil) 

2102006000 – Industrial; Natural Gas; Total: Boilers and IC Engines 

102006xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Natural Gas 10201401 External Combustion Boilers Industrial CO Boiler (Natural Gas) 10500106 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Commercial/Institutional (Natural Gas) 202002xxa Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Natural Gas 30190003 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30190013 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30190023 Industrial Processes Chemical Manufacturing Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30290003 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30291001 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30390003 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30390013 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30390023 Industrial Processes Primary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30400407 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Lead (Natural Gas) 30490003 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30490013 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30490023 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30490033 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30500206 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (Natural Gas) 30505020 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (Natural Gas) 
98

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not specifi

30590003 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30590013 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30590023 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30600105 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Process Heaters (Natural Gas) 30600903 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (Natural Gas) 30602401 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Reciprocating Engine Compressors (Natural Gas) 30609903 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (Natural Gas) 30622003 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Underground Storage and Other Remediation: Soil: Natura30622403 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Underground Storage and Other Remediation: Air Stripping30790003 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30790013 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30790023 Industrial Processes Pulp and Paper and Wood Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30890003 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30890013 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30890023 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30990003 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30990013 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 30990023 Industrial Processes Fabricated Metal Products Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 31000404 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Natural Gas) 31000414 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Natural Gas) 31390003 Industrial Processes Electrical Equipment Process Heaters (Natural Gas) 390006xx Industrial Processes In-process Fuel Use Natural Gas 39900601 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Process Heater/Furnace (Natural Gas) 39990003 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Natural Gas) 39990013 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Natural Gas) 39990023 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries (Natural Gas) 40201001 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (Natural Gas) 40290013 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 40290023 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 49090013 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 49090023 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Organic Solvent Evaporation Fuel Fired Equipment (Natural Gas) 50390006 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal – Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (Natural Gas) 

2102007000 – Industrial; LPG; Total: All Boiler Types 

102010xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas 10500110 External Combustion Boilers Space Heaters Industrial (LPG) 
99

SCC SCC Level 1 SCC Level 2 SCC Level 3 (Fuel-if not specifi

202010xx Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Liquefied Petroleum Gas 27300320 Internal Combustion Engines Off-highway LPG-fueled Engines Industrial Equipment 30290005 Industrial Processes Food and Agriculture Fuel Fired Equipment (LPG) 30490035 Industrial Processes Secondary Metal Production Fuel Fired Equipment (Propane) 30500209 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Concrete (LPG) 30505023 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Asphalt Processing (Blowing) (LPG) 30590005 Industrial Processes Mineral Products Fuel Fired Equipment (LPG) 30600107 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Process Heaters (LPG) 30600905 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Flares (LPG) 30609905 Industrial Processes Petroleum Industry Incinerators (LPG) 30890004 Industrial Processes Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products Fuel Fired Equipment (LPG) 31000406 Industrial Processes Oil and Gas Production Process Heaters (Propane/Butane) 390010xx Industrial Processes In-process Fuel Use Liquefied Petroleum Gas 39901001 Industrial Processes Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries Process Heater/Furnace (LPG) 40201004 Petroleum and Solvent Evaporation Surface Coating Operations Coating Oven Heater (LPG) 50390010 Waste Disposal Solid Waste Disposal - Industrial Auxiliary Fuel/No Emissions (LPG) 

2102008000 – Industrial; Wood; Total: All Boiler Types 

102009xx External Combustion Boilers Industrial Wood/Bark Waste 390009xx Industrial Processes In-process Fuel Use Wood 

2102011000 – Industrial; Kerosene; Total: All Boiler Types 

202009xx Internal Combustion Engines Industrial Kerosene/Naphtha (Jet Fuel) a Note that EIA’s SEDS includes natural gas used as pipeline fuel (e.g., for use in compressor engines) in the Transportation sector rather than the Indus

pipeline use should not be included in the point source subtraction procedure. 

d. Emission Factors The EPA has compiled criteria and hazardous air pollutant emission factors for non-point source industrial fuel c

(Huntley, 2009). These emission factors, which are too numerous to list here, are included in a spreadsheet withcombustion workbook. In most cases, these are the same emission factors that were used in preparing the 2002 n

(Pechan, 2006). Industrial LPG and wood combustion emission factors were obtained from an ICI fuel combusti

performed for the Central Regional Air Planning Association (CENRAP) (Pechan, 2009a). 
100

Potential Improvements The following are potential improvements that states may wish to incorporate in developing non-point source ind

combustion emission estimates: 

 Investigate the availability of more geographic and year-specific estimates of non-fuel use consumption o

(e.g., MECS is planning to release 2006 year data in the coming months); 

 Consider implementing a county allocation procedure that Pechan developed for the Central Regional Air 

Association (CENRAP) that reflects the energy-intensity of each industrial sector--current methods only r

employees in each industry sector (Pechan, 2009a); and 

 Update SO2 emission factors to reflect coal sulfur content estimates for coal used in the industrial sector i

review of industrial coal sulfur content values for CENRAP concluded that the 2002 NEI values are base

data (Pechan, 2009b). 

Additional References for Fuel Combustion - Industrial Census, 2009: Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, County Business Patterns 2006, Washingt

from: http://www.census.gov/epcd/cbp/download/06_data/index.html accessed March 2009. 
101

Divita, 2008: Divita, Frank, E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., memorandum to Roy Huntley, U.S. Environmental 

“County Business Patterns Calculations,” December 4, 2008. EIA, 2008a: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, State Energy Data System – Cons

Units, 1960-2006, available from http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/_seds.html, released November 28, 2008. 

EIA, 2008b: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, Fuel Oil and Kerosene Sales, data 

http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_nus_a.htm, release date December 23, 2008. 

EIA, 2007a: Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy, 2002 Manufacturing Energy Cons

Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, accessed from http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/mecs/mecs2002/data02/shelltables.html, issued January 2007. 

EIA, 2007b: Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy, Documentation for Emissions of Gthe United States 2005, DOE/EIA-0638 (2005), October 2007. 
102

GASOLINE MARKETING (5 SCCs) 

(Stage I SCC 2501060053, Stage II Uncontrolled SCC 2501060101, Stage II Controlled SCC 2501060102, UndeTank Breathing and Emptying SCC 2501060201, Truck Transit SCC 2505030120) Gasoline marketing involves the operations typically associated with transporting gasoline from refineries to fina

gasoline-powered vehicles. Evaporative emissions of VOCs occur at all points in the distribution process. The op

inventoried as area sources are gasoline dispensing outlets and gasoline tank trucks in transit. Bulk terminals and 

inventoried as point sources. VOC emissions result from the following sources: 1) Stage I (tank truck unloading 

storage tanks), 2) Stage II (vehicle fueling), 3) Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying, and 4) Truck 

Each category’s emission factors were obtained from AP-42 Fire factors1. Throughputs were calculated from mo

from the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue Bureau of Motor Fuel Taxes2. County and state populations3 wer

the gasoline throughput to each county. Control efficiency (CE)4,5 rule penetration (RP)4,5 and rule effectiveness 

1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Compilation of Air Pollu

Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources, AP-42, Fifth Edition, Chapter 5: Petroleum Industry, Tab1995, Accessed October 2009. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch05/index.html

2 Pennsylvania Department of Revenue, “Monthly Revenue Report”, accessed October 2009. 

http://www.revenue.state.pa.us/revenue/cwp/view.asp?a=13&q=201148

3 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

4 25 Pa. Code Section 129.60, “Bulk Gasoline Plants,” available from 

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.60.html

5 25 Pa. Code Section 129.61, “Small Gasoline Storage Tank Control (Stage I Control),” available from 

http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter129/s129.61.html
103

applied to Stage I for each county to reflect the application of vapor balance systems. A RE factor was applied to regulated county. CE, RP, and RE factors were applied to Underground Storage Tank Breathing to reflect the app

relief valves. There were no point sources for this source category. Each county’s emissions were estimated per tcalculations. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Stage I: 

      State Pop County Pop Annual VOC Emissions Emission Factor State Annual Gasoline Sales

where: 

Emission Factor = 7.3 lbs VOC/1000 gallonsState Annual Gasoline Sales = 2,360,855,769 gallons/year County Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)State Population = 12,432,792 Control Efficiency (CE) = 96% Rule Penetration (RP) = 96% Rule Effectiveness (RE) = 80% 

tons VOC per year pounds ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

year

gallons

gallons

lbs VOC Annual VOC Emissions

222.0063

2000

1 444,012.605

100

80

100

96

100

96 1

12,432,792

2,360,855,769 1,219,210

1000

7.3

  

         
104

Stage II: Vehicle refueling VOC emissions were estimated using AP-42 factors, monthly gasoline sales estimates and cou

These are the same gasoline sales figures that are used to estimate Stage I emissions. Stage II control program information was included for the counties with controls based on program information r

efficiency from Pennsylvania. The Pennsylvania counties with Stage II controls are Allegheny, Armstrong, Beav

Chester, Delaware, Fayette, Montgomery, Philadelphia, Washington, and Westmoreland. Population data were used to allocate monthly Pennsylvania gasoline sales to each county. Stage II Controlled: 

      State Pop County Pop Allegheny VOC Emissions VOC Emission Factor State Gasoline Sales

where: 

Emission Factor = 1.1 lb/1000 gallonsState Gasoline Consumption =2,360,855,769 gallons 2007 Allegheny County Pop = 1,219,210 

 2007 State Population = 12,432,792 

tons VOC per year pounds ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

pop

pop

year

gallons

gallons

lbs VOC Annual VOC Emissions

25.4667

2000

1 50,933.3199

100

80

100100

100100 1

12,432,792

2,360,855,769 1,219,210

1000

1.1

  

         
105

Underground Storage Tank Breathing and Emptying: 

      State pop County pop Annual VOC Emissions Emission Factor State Annual Gasoline Sales

where: 

Emission Factor = 1.0 lbs VOC/1000 gallons 2007 State Gasoline Sales = 2,360,855,769 gallons/year County Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) State Population = 12,432,792 Control Efficiency (CE) = 90% Rule Penetration (RP) = 96% Rule Effectiveness (RE) = 80% 

tons VOC per year pounds ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

year

gallons

gallons

lbs VOC Annual VOC Emissions

35.7459

2000

1 71,491.8599

100

80

100

96

100

90 1

12,432,792

2,360,855,769 1,219,210

1000

1.0

  

         
106

Truck Transit: 

      State Pop County Pop Annual VOC Emissions Emission Factor State Annual Gasoline Sales

where: 

Emission Factor = 0.06 lbs VOC/1000 gallons State Annual Gasoline Sales = 2,360,855,769 gallons/year County Pop = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County) State Pop = 12,432,792 

(The emission factor is based on the assumption that gasoline delivery is via single trips and accounts for both futravel.) 

tons VOC per year pounds ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

pop

pop

day

gallons

gallons

lbs VOC Annual VOC Emissions

6.9454

2000

1 13,890.9054

12,432,792

2,360,855,769 1,219,210

1000

0.06

  

    
107

GRAPHIC ARTS (SCC 2425000000) 

The graphic arts industry can be divided by technology into six different printing segments: rotogravure, flexogra

lithographic, letterpress, screen, and plateless (xerographic,electrostatic, magnetic, thermal, ink-jet, etc.). Graphic 

operations that are involved in the printing of publications, such as newspapers, magazines, books, and advertisinpackaging on various substrates such as paper, plastic, foil bags, wrappers, cardboard cartons, and metal cans. Pa

uncoated. Films include polyethylene and a number of other polymers. Other products include wall and floor cov

cards, and paper towels. Textiles are specifically excluded from the graphic arts operations source category. 

Emissions of VOCs result from evaporation of solvents used in inks and cleaning. The emissions for each county using a per capita emission factor1 and U.S. Census Bureau population data2. Point source emissions, where pres

from these emission estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Population) 

where:

Emission Factor = 4.4 lbs VOC/person/year3

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed October 2009. 2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access
108

HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS (SCC 2460200000) 

Household products consist primarily of cleaning products for hard surfaces, clothing, carpet, dishes waxes and pproducts include air fresheners and charcoal lighter fluids. These products have air emissions such as special napcarbonyls and other organics that contain VOCs. The amount of VOCs emitted primarily depends on the VOC coand the amount of product used. County-level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. The emission factor repres

emission rates. A CE of 10.94 percent3 and an RP of 48.6 percent4 were applied to reflect the Federal Rule for co

There are no point sources associated with this category. Each county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inve

Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, access

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commiss

prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
109

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

 Emission Factor = 0.79 lbs VOC/person/year1

 Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)1

 Control Efficiency = 10.94%  RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

455.98

2000

1 911,965.38

100100

100

48.6

100

10.94 1,219,210 1

0.79

   

       
110

INDUSTRIAL MAINTENANCE COATINGS (SCC 2401100000) 

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of solvents from surface coating of ob

that may exist in extreme conditions. There were no point sources. The emissions for each county were calculatemission factor1 and U.S. Census Bureau population data2. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the follo

calculations. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

Annual VOC Emissions    Emission Factor Population

where:

Emission Factor = 0.15 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 people (Allegheny County)2

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

people person Annual VOC Emissions

91.4408

2000

1 182,881.5000

1,219,210

year

0.15 lbs VOC

   

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009. 2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access
111

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT (SCC 2401055000) 

The VOC emissions from this source category result from the evaporation of the solvent used in the coating proc

facilities of such as engines, turbines, farm and garden equipment, computers, and office machinery. The emissio

were calculated using an employment-based emission factor1 and employee data2 from NAICS Codes 3331XX, 3

33341XX obtained from County Business Pattern, with midpoints calculated by E.H. Pechan and Associates. Pwhere present, were subtracted from the Machinery and Equipment category emission estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 109 lbs VOC /employee/year1

Employees = 1,119 employees (Allegheny County)2

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 18, 2009, accessed September 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
112

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

employees

year

employee

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

60.9855

2000

1 121,971

1,119

109

  

  
113

MARINE COATING (SCC 2401080000) 

This source category includes ship and boat building and repairing. The emissions were calculated using an empl

emission factor1 and employee data from NAICS codes 3366XX and 488390. The number of employees in each 

collected by E.H. Pechan and Associates, who calculated the midpoints from any given ranges2. Each county’s e

estimated per the following sample calculations below. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted frestimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 198 lbs VOC /employee/year 

Employees = 5 employees (Allegheny County)

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed October, 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
114

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

Employees

year

Employee

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

0.489

2000

1 990

5

198

  

  
115

METAL CANS (SCC 2401040000) 

This source category includes the manufacturing of metal cans, barrels, drums, kegs, and pails. The emissions frowhere present, were subtracted from the emissions of the corresponding county. The emissions for each county w

calculation below using an employment-based emission factor1 and employee data from NAICS Code 332431, o

Business Patterns2. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 2,326 lbs VOC/employee/year1

Employees =10 employees (Allegheny County)2

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
116

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

Employees

year

Employee

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

11.63

2000

1 23,260

10

2,326

  

  
117

METAL FURNITURE (SCC 2401025000) 

This source category includes manufacturing metal household and office furniture, such as beds, cabinets, desks, 

chairs. The emissions for each county were calculated per the sample calculations below using an employment-b

and employee data for NAICS codes 337124, 337214, and half of NAICS codes 337127, 339111 and 337215. Themployees in each county for 2007 was obtained from County Business Patterns2 for year 2006 by E. H. Pechan 

performed calculations for midpoints and adjustment factors for any ranges that were obtained. Point source emi

present, were subtracted from these emission estimates. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 772 lbs VOC /employee/year 

Employees = 102 employees (Allegheny County)

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
118

METAL SHEETS, STRIPS, COILS (SCC 2401045000) 

This source category includes the manufacturing of metal sheets, strips and coils, of which functional coatings mprotective purposes. This can be accomplished by brushing, rolling, spraying, dipping, flow coating, electro-coa

combinations or variations of these methods. Emissions result from the evaporation of the paint solvent and any 

used to thin the coating and from the use of solvents in cleaning the surface prior to coating and in cleaning coating equipment after use. Emissions for each county were calculated per the calculation below using an employment-based emission factor

from NAICS Codes 339911, 339914, 332812 and 339912. The number of employees in each county for 2006 wCounty Business Patterns2 by E. H. Pechan and Associates, who also performed the calculations of midpoints an

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Industrial Surface Coating,” Table 8.5-1, Principal Industrial Surface Coating SIC, September 1997, accessed Se

2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
119

from any associated ranges obtained. The emissions from point sources, where present, were subtracted from the corresponding county. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 2,877 lbs VOC/employee/year1

Employees =514 employees (Allegheny County)2

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

Employees

year

Employee

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

739.389

2000

1 1,478,778

514

2,877

  

  
120

MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURING (SCC 2401090000) 

This source category includes small industrial surface coating establishments primarily engaged in manufacturinclassified in any other group such as jewelry, silverware, musical instruments, dolls, toys, games, pens, pencils, bcaskets. Operations involve applying a thin layer of coating, such as paint, lacquer, enamel and varnish, to an obj

purposes. The surface coating products are either water-based or solvent based liquid carriers that mostly evapor

curing process. The emissions for each county were calculated per the sample calculations below using a per capita emission fac

Bureau population data2. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emission estimates. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Population) 

where:

Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs VOC/person/year 

Population =1,219,210 (Allegheny County)

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Industrial Surface Coating,” Table 8.5-2, National Default Per Capita VOC Emission Factors, September 1997, a

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access
121

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton AnnualVOCEmissions pounds VOC per year

people

year

person

lbs VOC

AnnualVOCEmissions

365.763

2000

1 731,526

1,219,210

0.6

  

  
122

MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS (NOT OTHERWISE COVERED) (SCC 2460900000) 

Miscellaneous consumer products not covered in the other product groups include arts and crafts supplies, non-p

and pet products, and pressurized food products. County-level emissions were calculated using a per capita emission factor which was obtained from the Emission 

Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 2007 population data2. A CE of 0 percent3 and an 

were applied to reflect the Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this caEach county’s emissions are estimated per the sample calculations listed below. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inve

Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, access

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4 E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commiss

prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
123

 Emission Factor = 0.07 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

 Control Efficiency = 0%3

 RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

42.67

2000

1 85,344.7

100100

100

48.6

100

0 1,219,210 1

0.07

   

       
124

OPEN BURNING (3 CCs) 

(Residential Household Waste SCC 2610030000; Residential Yard Waste – Leaves, SCC 2610000100; Resident

Brush SCC 2610000400) Open burning can be done in open drums or baskets, in fields and yards, and in large open dumps or pits. Materiadisposed of in this manner include household waste, landscape refuse, agricultural field refuse, wood refuse, and 

inventory purposes, Open Burning is divided into four categories: Residential Household Waste; Residential Le

Land Clearing. County-level emissions were calculated for Residential Household Waste using an emission factor which was ob

Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP)1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census 20002 and 20073 population d

sources associated with this category. Throughput data was obtained from the percent Rural 2000 county population numbers applied to the 2007 counaverage household size4 was considered to be 2.5 residents and the average amount of waste produced per house

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Open Burning,” Table 16.4-1, Emission Factors for Open Burning of Municipal Refuse (EPA, 1997 & EPA,1995http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed December 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000 Census Data, 

http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DownloadCenterServlet

3 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

4 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Open Burning,” Example 16.4-1, http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, accessed D
125

to be 5.37 lbs/day or 1960.05 lbs/year or 0.9800 tpy. The loading factor4 was 6.7% to reflect the percent of rural 

actually burn their household trash. For counties with areas labeled as Air Basins it was assumed that no open burning of household waste was being 

therefore no emissions were calculated. SAMPLE CALCULATIONS: Residential Household Waste Burning: 

VOC Emission Factor = 8.560 lbs/ ton waste/year NOx Emission Factor = 6 lbs/ ton waste/year 

CO Emission Factor = 85 lb/ ton waste/year SO2 Emission Factor = 1.0 lbs/ ton waste/year PM10 Emission Factor = 38.0 lbs/ton waste/year PM2.5 Emission Factor = 34.8 lbs/ ton waste/year CO Emission Factor = 85.0 lbs/ ton waste/year Loading Factor = 0.067 tons waste/2.5 person household Rural Households = 24,109 (Adams County – this is non-air basin county) CE (Control Efficiency) = 0% RP (Rule Penetration) = 100% RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80% (reflects PA’s Solid Waste rules) 
126

VOC Emissions for Adams County: 

   

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

tons households lf

year

ton waste

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

6.775

2000

1 13 ,550 .45

100

80

100100

100

0 0.98 24 ,109 0.067 1

8.560

  

       

Yard Wastes Yard waste burning is the open burning of materials such as grass clippings, leaves, and trimmings from trees an

burning takes place where the waste is generated (i.e., residences, parks, institutions such as universities or hospi

or other areas where grounds maintenance generates this type of waste) or waste disposal sites where wastes hav

Many municipalities, who provide leaf removal and composting, prohibit or restrict the burning of yard wastes. County-level emissions were calculated for the Open Burning categories of Residential Yard Waste - Leaves and 

Waste - Brush using emission factors obtained from AP-42 factors1, 1995. 

Throughput data was obtained by applying the percent Rural 2000 county population2 to the 2007 county popula

amount of leaf waste produced per person1 was considered to be 0.64 lbs/day or 0.00728 tpy calculated for the m

1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Compilation of Air Pollu

Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources, AP-42, Fifth Edition, January 1995. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 2000 Census Data, 

http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DownloadCenterServlet

3 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access
127

October and November. The loading factor2 of 28% was applied to reflect the percent of rural population who ac

leaf waste. For counties with areas labeled as Air Basins it was assumed that no open burning of household waste 

accomplished and therefore no emissions were calculated. Leaf Open Burning: 

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 28 lbs/ton waste/year NOx Emission Factor = 6.2 lbs/ton waste/year 

CO Emission Factor = 112 lbs/ton waste/year SO2 Emission Factor = 0.76 lbs/ton waste/year PM2.5 Emission Factor = 22 lbs/ton waste/year PM10 Emission Factor = 22 lbs/ton waste/year Average amount Leaf Waste/person = 0.64 lbs/day or  58.24 lbs/person for (Sept. Oct. Nov.) Yard Waste Average Composition = 50% grass/ 25% brush/25% leaves Average Leaf Waste per person = 14.56 lbs or 0.00728 tpy Loading Factor = 0.28 tons waste/person Population = 94,437 people (Adams County – this is a non-air basin county) 

CE (Control Efficiency) = 0% RP (Rule Penetration) = 100% RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 80% 

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Open Burning,” 4.1.3 Yard Wastes, example (16.4-5) available at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/vo

accessed December 2009. 2 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed December 2009. 
128

Leaf Open Burning; Example PM10 Calculation for Adams County: 

  

tons PM per year lbs ton Annual PM Emissions pounds PM per year

rural

year person

ton waste

lbs PM

Annual PM Emissions

1.3514 10

2000

1 10 2702.9306 10

100

80

100100

100

0 60,273 0.28 1 0.00728

22 10

10

  

        

Additional References for Open Burning: E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., “Open Burning in Residential Areas, Emissions Inventory Development Report,Atlantic/Northeast Visibility Union, January 31, 2004. Pennsylvania Code, Section 25, Chapter 129.14 , available at http://www.pacode.com/secure/data/025/chapter12
129

OTHER SPECIAL PURPOSE COATINGS (SCC 2401200000) 

This category includes special purpose coatings used for applications such as maintenance operations at industria

auto refinishing, traffic paints, marine finishes, and aerosol sprays. Note that this category covers those specific c

already included in other source categories (e.g., Industrial Maintenance Coatings). Emissions for this category w

per capita emission factor1 and U.S. Bureau of the Census population data2. Each county’s emissions were calcul

sample calculations. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.007 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)2

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed August 2009. 2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

Annual VOCEmissions    Emission Factor Population
130

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

people

year

person

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

4.2672

2000

1 8,534.47

1,219,210

0.007

  

  
131

PAPER, FOIL AND FILM (SCC 2401030000) 

This source category includes the manufacturing of paper, foil and film. The emissions from point sources, whersubtracted from the emissions of the corresponding county. Emissions for each county were calculated per the caan employment-based emission factor1 and employee data from NAICS Codes 322221, 322222, 322223, 322225 

number of employees in each county for 2006 was obtained from County Business Patterns2 by E. H. Pechan and 

performed the calculations of midpoints and adjustment factors from any associated ranges. SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 735 lbs VOC/employee/year 

Employees =862 employees (York County) 

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed September 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
132

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

Employees

year

Employee

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

316.785

2000

1 633,570

862

735

  

  
133

PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS (SCC 2460100000) 

Personal care products include hair care products, deodorants and antiperspirants, perfumes, colognes, and nail c

and isopropanol are the primary solvents used in the formulation of these products. Each county’s emissions werper capita emission factor1 which was obtained from the Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) and U

Census 2007 population data2. A control efficiency of 12.11%3 and a rule penetration of 48.6%4 are applied in th

reflect the Federal Rule for consumer products. There are no point sources associated with this category. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

         100 100 100 1 CE RP RE Annual VOC Emissions EmissionFactor Population

where: 

 Emission Factor = 2.32 lbs VOC/person/year1

Population = 1,219,210 (Allegheny County)1

1 Eastern Research Group, “Emission Inventory Improvement Program, Document Series, Volume III, Area Sou

Consumer and Commercial Solvent Use,” Table 5.4-1, prepared for the Area Sources Committee, Emission Inve

Program, August 1996, available from http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/index.html, access

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

3 ERTAC Recommendation, Midwest RPO Inventory Comparability Project, revised June 2, 2009, accessed Jun4E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc., Control Measure Development Support Analysis of Ozone Transport Commissi

prepared for the Ozone Transport Commission, March 2001. 
134

 Control Efficiency = 12.11%3

 RP (Rule Penetration) = 48.6%4

 RE (Rule Effectiveness) = 100% 

tons VOC per ye

lbs

ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds per year

year

person

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

1331.05

2000

1

2,662,093.01

100100

100

48.6

100

12.11 1,219,210 1

2.32

   

       
135

PORTABLE FUEL CONTAINERS – GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION (10 SCCs) 

The following SCC (2501011011, 2501011012, 2501011013, 2501011014, 2501011015, 2501012011, 25010122501012014, 2501012015) category’s emissions were calculated by E.H. Pechan and Associates. The following 

prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates: 

1. GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION – PORTABLE FUEL CONTAINERS Portable fuel containers (PFCs, or gas cans) are consumer products used to refuel a wide variety of gasoline-pow

The general approach to calculating emissions for this SCC is to take the inventories already prepared by the EPA 

and apply a linear fit between to get 2008 emissions. For this source category, the following SCCs were assigned: 

SCC Descriptor 1 Descriptor 3 Descriptor 6 2501011011 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans 

2501011012 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans 

2501011013 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans 

2501011014 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans 

2501011015 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage Residential Portable Gas Cans 

2501012011 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage 

Commercial Portable Gas Cans 
136

2501012012 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage 

Commercial Portable Gas Cans 

2501012013 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage 

Commercial Portable Gas Cans 

2501012014 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage 

Commercial Portable Gas Cans 

2501012015 Storage and Transport 

Petroleum and Petroleum Product Storage 

Commercial Portable Gas Cans 

Activity data for the 2002 and 2010 inventories were developed using EPA’s Non-road Model which uses a varie

equipment size, equipment population, equipment age, RVP, and air temperature to estimate activity. There are at least 15 states which have enacted or are considering rules for PFCs. Due to the complexities in calc

these rules have already been accounted for in the emissions, but will not be listed in the control table. Section 2.2 of the EPA PFC report details emission factors used for each of the activities associated with PFCs. 

Emissions are calculated in the formula:  EmisCounty, Pollutant = m x yeardiff + Emis2002 

where:  m = (Emis2010 – Emis2002) / (2010 – 2002) 
137

Example: Using SCC 2501011011 in Allegheny County PA as an example: Emis2010 = 60.7 tons VOC 

Emis2002 = 181.7 tons VOC 

m = (60.7 – 181.7) / (2010 – 2002) = -15.125 EmisAlegheny, VOC = -15.125 x (2008-2002) + 181.7 

= 90.95 tons VOC 

Reference: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Estimating Emissions Associated with Portable Fuel Containers (PFCs). Michigan. February 2007. 
138

PUBLIC OWNED TREATMENT WORKS (SCC: 2630020000) 

Public Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) are wastewater treatment plants typically owned by municipalities in 2007 POTW flow rate data for Pennsylvania facilities was extrapolated by E.H. Pechan and Associates from EPA projections1 and allocated to county-level by population2. VOC Emission Factor based on a TriTAC study 3 per 

Associates. SAMPLE VOC CALCULATIONS: 2007 County Wastewater Flow = (Nat. Wastewater Flow)(County Population/Nat. Population)  where:  2007 National Wastewater Flow = 13,423,660 million gallons1

 2007 County Population (Allegheny) = 1,219,2104

 2007 National Population = 301,290,3325

1 Projected national POTW flow rates from EPA 2 National flow rate allocated to county-level by population, by E.H. Pechan and Associates. 3 VOC Emission Factor based on a TriTAC study. Prakasam Tata, Jay Witherspoon, Cecil Lue-Hing (eds.), VOC Wastewater Treatment Plants: Characterization, Control, and Compliance, Lewis Publishers, 2003, p. 261. 4 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, “Population Estimates Program,” T1. Population Estima

2007 Population Estimates, available from http://www.census.gov/popest/counties/CO-EST2007-01.html, access

5 2007 US population found at U.S. Census Bureau, http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-ge_box_head_nbr=GCT-T1-R&-ds_name=PEP_2008_EST&-_lang=en&-format=US-40S&-_sse=on
139

  

E gal

AlleghenyCo WastewaterFlow E gal

54,320.5632 6

2007( .) 1,219,210 / 301,290,332 13,423,660 6



SAMPLE VOC CALCULATIONS: 

Annual VOC Emissions    EmissionFactor County WastewaterFlow

where:

Emission Factor = 0.85 lbs VOC/millions of gallons flow3

Wastewater Flow = 54,320.5632 million gallons (Allegheny County)2

 

tons VOC

lbs

ton Annual VOC Emissions lbs

E gallons lbs AlleghenyCo

year

E gals

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

23.0862

2000

1 46,172.4787

54,320.5632 6 46,172.4787 ( .) 6

0.85

  



  
140

RAILROAD SOLVENTS (SCC 2401085000) 

This source category includes Railcar building and repairing. The emissions were calculated using an employme

factor1 and employee data from NAICS code 3365XX. The number of employees in each county for 2006 was co

Pechan and Associates, who calculated the midpoints from any given ranges2. Each county’s emissions were est

following sample calculations below. Point source emissions, where present, were subtracted from these emissioSAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS: 

Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Number of Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 222 lbs VOC /employee/year 

Employees = 1722.89 employees (Allegheny County)

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed October 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
141

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

Employees

year

Employee

lbsVOC

Annual VOC Emissions

191.24079

2000

1 382,481.58

1,722.89

222

  

  
142

RESIDENTIAL COAL FOSSIL FUEL COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104001000, SCC 2104002000)Residential Coal Combustion is coal that is burned to heat residential housing. These documentation and fuel combustion emissions were calculated by E. H. Pechan and Associates. Referenc

of the Residential Coal Fossil Fuel Combustion section. The general approach to calculating emissions for these state coal consumption values from the EIA and allocate it to the county level using methods described below. C

consumption is multiplied by the emission factors to calculate emissions. For this source category, the following SCCs were assigned: 

SCC Descriptor 1 Descriptor 3 Descriptor 6 Descripto2104001000 Stationary 

Source Fuel Combustion 

Residential Anthracite Coal All Boiler 

Types 

2104002000 Stationary 

Source Fuel Combustion 

Residential Bituminous/ 

Subbituminous Coal 

All Boiler Types 

Activity Data The mass of coal consumed by residential combustion in the U.S. was used to estimate emissions. Coal consumpsector is presented in State Energy Data 2006 Consumption tables published by the Energy Information Adminis

2006 consumption data were used as a surrogate for 2007 emissions because year 2006 data were the latest data 

inventory was prepared. Fuel-Specific Activity Data Adjustments 

Coal - for residential coal combustion, the EIA data do not distinguish between anthracite and bituminous coal c

(i.e., anthracite versus bituminous/sub-bituminous) Because anthracite is mined in the eastern half of the Comm
143

bituminous is mined in the western half, the emission calculations assume that eastern counties burn anthracite co

counties burn bituminous coal. State-level coal consumption was allocated to each county using the US Census Bureau’s 2000 Census Detailed 

Information.3 These data include the number of housing units using a specific type of fuel for residential heating

consumption was allocated to each county using the ratio of the number of houses burning coal in each Anthracit

burning county to the total number of Anthracite or Bituminous coal-burning housing units in the State. 

No controls were assumed for this category Emission Factors In some cases (see Table 2), SO2 and PM emission factors required information on the sulfur and/or ash content 

State-specific sulfur and ash contents of anthracite and bituminous coal were obtained from data compiled in pre

residential coal combustion emissions estimates.4 This study mostly relied on data obtained from USGS COALQ

States not included in the database but that reported coal usage were assigned values based on their proximity to 

an average value for Pennsylvania (see report for details of the analysis). Table 3 presents the bituminous coal sulfur content values used for each state. For anthracite coal, an ash conten

a sulfur content of 0.89% were applied to Pennsylvania. The remaining criteria pollutant and HAP emissions were calculated by multiplying the total coal consumed in e

by an emission factor. All emission factors except ammonia are from AP-42.5 Table 4 presents a summary of th

for residential anthracite coal combustion (SCC 2104001000). Table 5 presents a summary of the emission facto

bituminous coal combustion (SCC 2104002000). 

Sample Calculations Annual emissions are calculated for each county using emission factors and activity as:  Ex,p = FCx × EFx,p
144

where:  Ex,p = annual emissions for fuel type x and pollutant p (lbs/year), 

 FCx = annual fuel consumption for fuel type x, 

 EFx,p = emission factor for fuel type x and pollutant p. 

County level fuel consumption is calculated using: 

FCx = AState x RatioCounty houses

where: 

AState = total tons of coal reported by the EIA, 

RatioCounty houses = county allocation ratio based on number of houses burning coal per Anthracite coal-bur

Bituminous coal-burning counties. 

Example: Using Allegheny County, PA as an example: Allegheny County, PA, labeled a Bituminous coal-burning county, had 183 houses out of the state total of 19,92

burning houses that use coal as the primary heating fuel. This equates to a share of 0.9186 % of the 9,687.54 tons residential heating in the state. The emission factor for PM2.5-FIL Bituminous (See Table 2) is 3.8 lb/ton of coal burnt 

FCAllegheny, anth = 9,687.54 × 0.9186% = 88.9897 tons Bituminous coal 

EmisAllegheny, anth, PM2.5-FIL = 88.9897 tons Bituminous coal × 3.8 lbs PM2.5-FIL per ton coal 

 = 338.1610 lbs PM2.5-FIL 
145

Table 2. SO2 and PM Emission Factors for Industrial Anthracite and Bituminous Coal Comb

Pollutant Emission Factor (lb/ton) AP-42 Table 

Anthracite Emission Factors (SCC 2104001000) PM-CON 0.08* % Ash 1.2-3 PM10-FIL 10 1.2-4 PM25-FIL 0.6 * % Ash 1.2-4 Sulfur Dioxide 39 * % Sulfur 1.2-1 Bituminous Emission Factors (SCC 2104002000) PM-CON .04 1.1-5 PM10-FIL 6.2 1.1-9 PM25-FIL 3.8 1.1-9 Sulfur Dioxide 31 * % Sulfur 1.1-3 NOTE: PM10, PM2.5, and condensable PM emission factors 

for bituminous coal do not require ash content, nor does the condensable PM emission factor for anthracite coal. 
146

Table 3. State-Specific Sulfur Content for Bituminous Coal (SCC 2104002000

State 

Percent 

Sulfur 

Content 

State 

Percent 

Sulfur 

Content 

Alabama 2.08 Montana 0.60 Alaska 0.31 Nebraska 2.43Arizona 0.47 Nevada 2.30Arkansas 1.20 New 2.42California 0.47 New Jersey 2.42Colorado 0.61 New Mexico 0.75Connecticut 2.42 New York 2.42Delaware 1.67 North Carolina 1.62District of Columbia 

1.67 North Dakota 0.97 

Florida 1.28 Ohio 3.45Georgia 1.28 Oklahoma 3.08Hawaii 1.00 Oregon 0.50Idaho 0.31 Pennsylvania 2.42Illinois 3.48 Rhode Island 2.42Indiana 2.49 South 1.28Iowa 4.64 South Dakota 0.97Kansas 5.83 Tennessee 1.62Kentucky 1.93 Texas 1.14Louisiana 0.86 Utah 0.80Maine 2.42 Vermont 2.42Maryland 1.67 Virginia 1.19Massachusetts 2.42 Washington 0.50 Michigan 1.20 West Virginia 1.25Minnesota 0.97 Wisconsin 1.00Mississippi 1.24 Wyoming 0.87Missouri 3.39 
147

Table 4. National Criteria Emission Factors for Residential Coal Combustion (SCC 2104001000 

7439921 LEAD 0.00042 LB TONCO CARBON MONOXIDE 275 LB TONNOX NITROGEN OXIDES/Anthracite 3 LB TONVOC VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 10 LB TONNOX NITROGEN OXIDES/Bituminous 9.1 LB TON References 1. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (EIA). State Energy Data 2006 Consum

DC 2008. Internet Address: http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/states/sep_use/total/csv/use_all_phy.csv acce

2. EIA, 2008. U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, “Domestic Distribution of U

Destination State, Consumer, Origin and Method of Transportation”, 2006. Available from: 

http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/coal/page/coaldistrib/coal_distributions.html, accessed December 2008. 

3. U.S. Census Bureau. "Table H40. House Heating Fuel Type", Census 2000: Summary File 3. Internet add

http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/DatasetMainPageServlet?_program=DEC&_submenuId=&_lang=en&2009. 
148

4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Factor and Inventory Group. Final Summary of the D

Results of a Methodology for Calculating Area Source Emissions from Residential Fuel Combustion. Pr

Environmental Services, Inc. Research Triangle Park, NC. September 2002. Internet address: http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume03/draft1999_ residfuel_inven_apr2003.zip accessed 

5. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, 5th Edition, AP-

Stationary Point and Area Sources. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 1996. 

6. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Factor and Inventory Group. Estimating Ammonia Em

Anthropogenic Sources, Draft Report. Prepared by E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc. Research Triangle 

2003. 
149

RESIDENTIAL FUEL OIL/KEROSENE COMBUSTION (2 SCCs: SCC 2104004000, SCC 2104011000) Distillate oil and kerosene combustion sources emit VOC, NOx, CO, SO2, Pb, and PM. Fuel oil and kerosene em

calculated for each county using fuel use estimates derived by allocating Commonwealth consumption estimates Information Administration to individual counties. The county allocations were performed using data obtained fr

Community Survey and the U.S. Census Bureau. 

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS: Residential Distillate Fuel Oil/Kerosene: 

Residential fuel oil and kerosene usage was determined by allocating the residential fuel oil and kerosene use to residential fuel consumption was allocated by the ratio of dwelling units (DU) using distillate fuel oil/kerosene in 

number of dwelling units burning distillate fuel oil/kerosene in the Commonwealth. The following is the general calculation of usage for residential sources of fuel oil and kerosene combustion. 

     State Distillate/Kerosene - Burning DU County Distillate/Kerosene - Burning DU Annual Fuel Usage PAResidential Distillate FuelorKerosene Usage

where:

PA Residential Fuel Oil = 706,956 thousand gallons1

2007 County Fuel Oi/Kerosene Burning DUs = 6916 Dwelling Units (Allegheny County)2

2007 State Fuel Oil/Kerosene-Burning DUs = 1,118,774 Dwelling Units1

1 Energy Information Administration, Pennsylvania Sales of Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene by End Use, 

http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_SPA_a.htm, accessed May 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units

American Community Survey 3-year Estimates, accessed May 2009. 
150

VOC Emissions: 

where:

Distillate Fuel Oil: VOC Emission Factor = 0.7 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

NOx Emission Factor = 18 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

CO Emission Factor = 5 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

SO2 Emission Factor = 142 lbs/1000 gallons/year  0.3% sulfur content = 0.426 lbs/1000 gallo

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 1.08 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.83 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

Lead Emission Factor = 0.001268 lbs/1000 gallons/year3

Distillate Fuel Sulfur Content = 0.3%4

1 VOC, NOx, CO and SO2 emission factors are from WEBFIRE (3//19/09). 2 PM emission factors are from US EPA Document - A National Methodology and Emission Inventory for Resid

Combustion by Bernd H. Haneke presented at 2003 EPA EI conference. These emission factors are primarily fro

3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Emission Factors and Inventory Group. “Documentation for the 1999 

Area Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants.” Prepared by Eastern Research Group, 

September 2002. 

4 AP-42 
151

VOC Emissions for Distillate Oil: 

1.5295 .

2000

1 3059.1660

1,118,774

6916 706,956 1000 0.7

tonsVOCper yearforAlleghenyCo pounds ton AnnualVOCEmissions poundsVOCper year

DistillateFuelBurningDwellingUnits

DistillateFuelBurningDwellingUnits thousandsof gallons gallons lbsVOC AnnualVOCEmissions

  

  

Where: 

Kerosene: VOC Emission Factor = 0.672 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

NOx Emission Factor = 17.3 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

CO Emission Factor = 4.8 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

SO2 Emission Factor = 142 lbs/1000 gallons/year  0.3% sulfur content = 0.426 lbs/1000 gallo

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 1.03 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.8 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

1 Emission factors for kerosene were obtained by multiplying the emission factors for distillate oil by a factor of 

them for this use. This factor is based on the ratio of the heat content of kerosene (135,000 Btu/gallon) to the hea

oil (140,000 Btu/gallon). Criteria pollutant emission factors are from AP-42. Distillate sulfur content (0.30%) was well. 
152

PM-CON Emission Factor = 1.25 lbs/1000 gallons/year1

Lead Emission Factor = 0.001268 lbs/1000 gallons/year1Distillate Fuel Sulfur Content = 0.3%1

2007PA Residential Kerosene Usage = 39,702,000 gallons1

County Dwelling Units Heating with Distillate Oil or Kerosene = 6916 (Allegheny County)2

2007 State Fuel Oil/Kerosene-Burning DUs = 1,118,774 Dwelling Units1

CO Emissions for Kerosene: 

0.5890 .

2000

1 1178.0568

1,118,774

6916 39,702 1000 4.8

tonsCOper yearforAlleghenyCo pounds ton AnnualCOEmissions poundsCOper year

DwellingUnits

DwellingUnits thousandsof gallons gallons lbsVOC AnnualCOEmissions

   

Since the 2005-2007 American Community Survey did not include the six small populated counties in Pennsylva

Cameron, Forest, Fulton, Montour, Potter and Sullivan counties) in their estimations of Occupied House Heating 

omissions were accounted for by taking the ratio of 2005-7 Averaged Total County Fuel Oil/Kerosene Heated Hincluding the 6 Small Counties) to the 2007 Total State Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties' Housing Un

percent find the 6 Small County Fuel Oil/Kerosene Heated Housing Units (HU). The following is the general equcalculation of the 6 Small County Fuel Oil/Kerosene Heated Housing Units. 

1 Energy Information Administration, Pennsylvania Sales of Distillate Fuel Oil and Kerosene by End Use, 

http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/pet_cons_821use_dcu_SPA_a.htm, accessed May 2009. 
153

where:

PA Total Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties) = 5,430,2341

Pa Total Fuel-Oil/Kerosene-Burning DUs (not including the 6 Small Counties) = 1,109,0462

County (Cameron) Total Housing Units= 4,5921

4,592 937.8489( ) 5,430,234 1,109,046 / / CameronCounty HUs FuelOil KeroseneDUs CountyFuelOil KeroseneHeatingDwellingUnits   

1 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Housing Unit Estimates, Data Set 2007 Population Estim

information on errors stemming from model error, sampling error, and non-sampling error, see: http://www.census.gov/popest/topics/methodology, accessed May 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housi

American Community Survey 3-year Estimates, accessed May 2009. 
154

RESIDENTIAL LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS (LPG) (SCC 2104007000) 

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is used in residential heating. Area source LPG was estimated using fuel consumemission factors. Consumption data were apportioned according to the number of dwelling units heating with LPavailable from U.S. Census Bureau data. LPG consumption was obtained from the Energy Information Administ

Data 2001.1 Each county’s emissions were estimated using the sample calculations below. 

SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:Residential LPG for Allegheny Co.: 

  

  

 

LPG Burning State Dwelling Units

LPG Burning County Dwelling Units

Annual Emissions Emission Factor Residential LPG Consumption

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 0.52 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

NOx Emission Factor = 13.40 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

CO Emission Factor = 3.80 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

SO2 Emission Factor = 0.06 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

1 Energy Information Administration (eia), State Energy Data System (SEDS) 2007, released March 2009, accesat 'http://www.eia.doe.gov/states/_seds_whats_new.html.2 Based on AP-42 natural gas emission factors, converted to LPG using heat contents. ERTAC Area Inventory C

revised August 14, 2009, accessed August, 2009. 
155

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 0.02 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.01 lbs/1000 gallons/year2PM-CON Emission Factor = 0.03 lbs/1000 gallons/year2

Residential LPG Consumption = 222,936,000 gallons1

County Dwelling Units Heating with LPG = 5318 units (Allegheny County)1

PA Dwelling Units Heating with LPG = 178,821 units ( plus prorated values for 6 smaller coun

calculation)1

VOC Emissions: 

tonsVOCper year pounds ton AnnualVOCEmissions poundsVOCper year

LPGBurningDwellingUnits

Allegheny LPGBurningDwellingUnits thousandsof gallons gallons year lbsVOC AnnualVOCEmissions

1.72378

2000

1 3,447.5721

178,821

5318( ) 222,936 1000 / 0.52

  

  

CO Emissions: 

 

tons CO per year lbs ton Annual CO Emissions pounds CO per year

county dwelling units

Alleghenycounty dwelling units thousandgallons

year

gallons

lbs VOC

Annual CO Emissions

12.5969

2000

1 25,193.7963

178,821

5318 222,936 1000

3.80

  

    

1 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units

American Community Survey 3-year Estimates, accessed May 2009. 
156

Since the 2005-2007 American Community Survey did not include the six small populated counties in Pennsylva

Cameron, Forest, Fulton, Montour, Potter and Sullivan counties) in their estimations of Occupied House Heating 

omissions were accounted for by taking the ratio of 2005-7 Averaged Total County LPG Heated Housing Units (Small Counties) to the 2007 Total State Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties' Housing Units) and by that 

Small County LPG Heated Housing Units (HU). The following is the general equation for the calculation of the 

Heated Housing Units. 

where:

PA Total Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties) = 5,430,2341

Pa Total LPG-Burning DUs (not including the 6 Small Counties) = 178,8212

County (Cameron) Total Housing Units= 4,5921

4,592 150( ) 5,430,234 178,821 CameronCounty HUs LPGDUs CountyLPGHeatingDwelingUnits   

1 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Housing Unit Estimates, Data Set 2007 Population Estim

information on errors stemming from model error, sampling error, and non-sampling error, see: http://www.census.gov/popest/topics/methodology, accessed May 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units

American Community Survey 3-year Estimates, accessed May 2009. 
157

RESIDENTIAL NATURAL GAS (SCC 2104006000) 

Area source natural gas was estimated using fuel consumption data1 and AP-42 emission factors2 and adjusted PM 

Consumption data were apportioned according to the number of dwelling units heating with natural gas, which wU.S. Census Bureau data for residential sources). Each county’s emissions were estimated using the sample calcuSAMPLE CALCULATIONS:Natural Gas: 

Residential Natural Gas: 

  

 

 

Natural - Gas - Burning State Dwelling Units

Natural - Gas - Burning CountyDwellingUnits

Annual Emissions EmissionFactor StatewideResidentialNaturalGasConsumption

1 Energy Information Administration, Pennsylvania Natural Gas Residential Consumption (MMCF),

see:http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/n3010us2m.htm, accessed May 2009. 

2 VOC (TOC*.95), NOx, CO and SO2 efs are from WEBFIRE (3//19/09). 3 PM emission factors were adjusted lower than the 2002 NEI to account for lower estimates for condensable em

Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed August, 2009. 
158

where:

VOC Emission Factor = 5.5 lbs/MMCF (million cubic feet)/year2

NOx Emission Factor = 94 lbs/MMCF/year2

CO Emission Factor = 40 lbs/MMCF/year2

SO2 Emission Factor = 0.6 lbs/MMCF/year2

PM10-FIL Emission Factor = 0.2 lbs/MMCF/year3

PM25-FIL Emission Factor = 0.11 lbs/MMCF/year3

PM-CON Emission Factor =0.32 lbs/MMCF/year3

Pb Emission Factor = 0.0005 lbs/MMCF/year2

where:

2007 PA Residential Natural Gas Consumption = 231,258 MMCF1

County Dwelling Units Heating with Natural Gas = 455,921(Allegheny County)2

State Dwelling Units Heating with Natural Gas = 2,516,263 Units2

VOC Emissions: 

1 Energy Information Administration, Pennsylvania Natural Gas Residential Consumption (MMCF),

see:http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/dnav/pet/hist/n3010us2m.htm, accessed May 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units

American Community Survey 3-year Estimates, accessed May 2009. 
159

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOCEmissions pounds VOC per year

State NGdwellingunits

County NGdwelling units MMCF

year

MMcf

lbsVOC

Annual VOCEmissions

115.2293

2000

1 230,458.6533

2,516,263

455,921 231,258

5.5

  

    

Since the 2005-2007 American Community Survey did not include the six small populated counties in PennsylvaCameron, Forest, Fulton, Montour, Potter and Sullivan counties) in their estimations of Occupied Natural Gas HUnits, these omissions were accounted for by taking the ratio of 2005-7 Averaged Total County Natural Gas Hea

(not including the 6 Small Counties) to the 2007 Total State Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties' Housing percent find the 6 Small County Natural Gas Heated Housing Units (HU). The following is the general equation the 6 Small County Natural Gas Heated Dwelling Units. 
160

where:

PA Total Housing Units (minus the 6 Small Counties) = 5,430,2341

Pa Total NG-Burning Dwelling Units (not including the 6 Small Counties) = 2,494,3842

County (Cameron) Total Housing Units= 4,5921

4,592 2,109( ) 5,430,234 2,494,384 CameronCounty DwellingUnits NGDwellingUnits CountyNGHeatedDwellingUnits  

1 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Housing Unit Estimates, Data Set 2007 Population Estim

information on errors stemming from model error, sampling error, and non-sampling error, see: http://www.census.gov/popest/topics/methodology, accessed May 2009. 

2 U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, B25040, “House Heating Fuel, Occupied Housing Units

American Community Survey 3-year Estimates, accessed May 2009. 
161

TRAFFIC LINE PAINTING (SCC 2401008000) 

Traffic paints are used to mark pavement in applications such as dividing lines for traffic lanes, parking space ma

and arrows. The markings are usually applied by Commonwealth or local highway maintenance crews. VOC em

evaporation of organic solvents during and shortly after application of the marking paint.

Each county’s emissions were calculated by using county-level lane miles totals1 and a lbs VOC/lane mil

There are no point sources associated with this category. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION: 

Annual VOC Emissions    Emission Factor Lane Miles

where:

Emission Factor = 10.5 lbs VOC/lane mile Lane Miles =12,525.22 (Allegheny County) 

1 Penn DOT Bureau of Planning and Research, 

http://www.dot.state.pa.us/Internet/Bureaus/pdPlanRes.nsf/PlanningAndResearchHomePage?OpenFrameset

2 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed October, 2009. 
162

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

lanemiles

year

lanemile

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

65.7574

2000

1 131,514.81

12,525.22

10.5

  

  
163

WINERIES (SCC 2302070005) 

Winery emissions result from the entrainment of ethanol by carbon dioxide during wine fermentation. Factors afemissions are handling techniques, temperature, process equipment design, and fermenting parameters. Other sou

from the wine making process are blending, transferring, racking and storing of the wine. 

Emissions were determined using 2007 county-level wine production data provided by the U.S. Department of th

and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau.1 Because monthly production data were available, these data were used to d

allocation factors for this category. The emission factors for both red and white wines were obtained from AP-42

Since the emission factors for the two types of wines are different, but wine type production data are not availabl

the Commonwealth was assumed to be 60 percent white wine and 40 percent red wine. Point source emissions, wsubtracted from these emission estimates. Each county’s emissions were estimated per the following sample calcSAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATIONS:Annual VOC Emissions = (0.6  White Wine Emission Factor + 0.4  Red Wine Emission Factor)  (2007 Tota

1 Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Department of the Treasury, 2007 – Wine Statistical Information.

http://www.ttb.gov/statistics/07winestats.shtml and http://www.ttb.gov/foia/frl.shtml, accessed March 2009. 

2 From Table 9.12.2-1 of emission factor documentation for AP-42 Section 9.12.2 Wines and Brandy, October 19

http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/ch09/final/c9s12-2.pdf, accessed March 2009. 
164

where: 

White Wine Emission Factor = 1.8 lbs VOC/1000 gallons white wine/year2

Red Wine Emission Factor = 4.6 lbs VOC/1000 gallons red wine/year2

2007 Total Wine Production = 23.78 thousand gallons (Allegheny County)1

2007 Summer Wine Production = 3.000 thousand gallons (Allegheny County)1

White Wine Production Factor = 60% of wine produced Red Wine Production Factor = 40% of wine produced 

where: 

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions lbs VOC per year

thousand gallons gallons lbs gallons lbs Annual VOC Emissions

0.03472

2000

1 69.4376

23.78

1000

4.6 0.4

1000

1.8 0.6

  

     
165

WOOD FURNITURE AND FIXTURES (SCC 2401020000) 

This source category includes establishments engaged in the manufacture of wood home or office furniture. VOC from the evaporation of solvents used in the finish coats and cleanup procedures. Point source emissions, where p

subtracted from these emission estimates. Each county’s emissions were calculated according to the sample calcuper employee emission factor1 and the number of employees in NAICS codes 337110, 337121, 337122, 337219, 

one half of NAICS codes 337127, 337215 and 339111. The number of employees in each county for 2006 was o

Business Patterns2. 

SAMPLE VOC EMISSION CALCULATION: Annual VOC Emissions = (Emission Factor)(Employees) 

where:

Emission Factor = 244 lbs VOC/employee/year 

Employees =387 employees (Allegheny County) 

1 ERTAC Area Inventory Comparability Project, revised August 14, 2009, accessed September, 2009. 2 National, State and County level employment data downloaded from US Census Bureau, mapping of employm

reported by County Business Patterns to the range and midpoints of the range, and calculated final activity data u

midpoint and adjustment factor. 
166

 

tons VOC per year lbs ton Annual VOC Emissions pounds VOC per year

employees

year

employee

lbs VOC

Annual VOC Emissions

47.214

2000

1 94,428

387

244

  

  
167

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 

The format and some of the wording of this document were originally created by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc.Parkway, Suite 2002, Durham, NC 27707. Updated values were inserted in place of those originally entered to re

between years 2002 and 2007. Some changes were made to correct or update comments in the document. 

THE END
STATE FIPS CNTY_NAMNONATTAINSCC SCC_DESCRTF_SCC TF ORIGINAL G

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210200200Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210200400Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210200500Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210200600Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210200700Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210201100Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210300200Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210300400Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210300500Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210300600Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210300700Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210301100Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400200Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400400Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400600Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400700Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400810Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400821Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400822Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400823Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400831Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400832Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400833Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400840Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400851Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400861Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210400900Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,210401100Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,229400000Paved RoadYES 0.225279 AEO2010 N

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,229600000Unpaved R YES 0.225279 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,230200210Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,230200220Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,230200300Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,230200310Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,230200320Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,230205000Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,231101000ConstructioYES 0.225279 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,231102000ConstructioYES 0.225279 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,231103000ConstructioYES 0.225279 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,232500000Mining &Q NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240100100Surface CoaNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240100500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240100800Surface CoaNO 1 Default ‐ No
PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240101500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240102000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240102500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240103000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240104000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240104500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240106000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240106500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240108000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240108500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240109000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240110000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,240120000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,241520000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,241523000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,241530000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,241536000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,242000000Dry CleaninNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,242500000Graphic ArtNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246010000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246020000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246040000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246050000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246060000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246080000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246090000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246102100Misc Non‐inNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,246102200Misc Non‐inNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250106005Gasoline SeNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250106020Gasoline SeNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,250503012Petrol & PeNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,261000010Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,261000040Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,261000050Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,261003000Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,263002000WastewateNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280100000Agric ‐ CropYES 0.225279 State Emplo
PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280170009Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500110Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500120Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500130Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500200Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500310Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500710Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500730Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500810Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500820Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500830Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500910Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500920Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280500930Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501010Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501020Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501030Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501800Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501910Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501920Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280501930Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502110Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502120Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502130Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502210Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502220Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502230Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502310Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502320Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502330Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280502500Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L
PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503500Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503910Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503920Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280503930Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280504000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280504500Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280504710Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280504730Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42021 Cambria Johnstown,280505310Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210200200Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210200400Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210200500Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210200600Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210200700Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210201100Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210300200Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210300400Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210300500Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210300600Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210300700Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210301100Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400200Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400400Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400600Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400700Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400810Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400821Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400822Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400823Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400831Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400832Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400833Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400840Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400851Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400861Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210400900Stationary NO 1 EPA2020; F

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,210401100Stationary NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,229400000Paved RoadYES 0.288382 AEO2010 N

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,229600000Unpaved R YES 0.288382 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,230200210Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,230200220Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,230200300Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,230200310Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,230200320Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,230205000Food & Kin NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,231101000ConstructioYES 0.288382 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,231102000ConstructioYES 0.288382 State Emplo
PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,231103000ConstructioYES 0.288382 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,232500000Mining &Q NO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240100100Surface CoaNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240100500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240100800Surface CoaNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240101500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240102000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240102500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240103000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240104000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240104500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240106000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240106500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240108000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240108500Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240109000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240110000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,240120000Surface CoaNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,241520000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,241523000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,241530000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,241536000DegreasingNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,242000000Dry CleaninNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,242500000Graphic ArtNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246010000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246020000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246040000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246050000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246060000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246080000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246090000Misc Non‐inNO 1 State‐Supp

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246102100Misc Non‐inNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,246102200Misc Non‐inNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101101Residential NO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250101201CommerciaNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250106005Gasoline SeNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250106020Gasoline SeNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,250503012Petrol & PeNO 1 AEO2010; M

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,261000010Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No
PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,261000040Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,261000050Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,261003000Open BurniNO 1 Default ‐ No

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,263002000WastewateNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280100000Agric ‐ CropYES 0.288382 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170000Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170001Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280170009Agric ‐ CropNO 1 State Emplo

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500110Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500120Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500130Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500200Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500310Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500710Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500730Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500810Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500820Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500830Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500910Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500920Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280500930Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501010Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501020Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501030Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501800Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501910Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501920Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280501930Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502110Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502120Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502130Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502210Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502220Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502230Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502310Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502320Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L
PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502330Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280502500Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503500Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503910Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503920Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280503930Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; L

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280504000Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280504500Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280504710Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280504730Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li

PA 42063 Indiana Johnstown,280505310Agric ‐ LivesNO 1 EPA2020; li
Original GFs based on Column I Reference Final GFs based on Column J Reference

FINAL GROWGF_07_13 GF_07_17 GF_07_20 GF_07_25 GF_07_13 GF_07_17 GF_07_20 GF_07_25

Use Origina 0.84897 0.86815 0.86943 0.84996 0.84897 0.86815 0.86943 0.84996

Use Origina 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043

Use Origina 0.66759 0.59932 0.58513 0.56793 0.66759 0.59932 0.58513 0.56793

AEO2011; M 1.11646 1.14481 1.12062 1.07699 1.2886 1.3654 1.4202 1.4725

Use Origina 0.90299 0.9019 0.90321 0.88313 0.90299 0.9019 0.90321 0.88313

Use Origina 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043

Use Origina 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358

Use Origina 0.82625 0.76663 0.73685 0.70742 0.82625 0.76663 0.73685 0.70742

Use Origina 1.08048 1.08735 1.09164 1.09118 1.08048 1.08735 1.09164 1.09118

Use Origina 1.04704 1.07601 1.10042 1.14605 1.04704 1.07601 1.10042 1.14605

Use Origina 0.98314 0.99085 0.99869 1.00876 0.98314 0.99085 0.99869 1.00876

Use Origina 1.35148 1.43016 1.45574 1.50984 1.35148 1.43016 1.45574 1.50984

Use Origina 0.63929 0.62245 0.61173 0.5898 0.63929 0.62245 0.61173 0.5898

Use Origina 0.8674 0.79161 0.74978 0.68898 0.8674 0.79161 0.74978 0.68898

Use Origina 0.97682 0.99878 1.02195 1.04433 0.97682 0.99878 1.02195 1.04433

Use Origina 0.73171 0.70053 0.69522 0.69148 0.73171 0.70053 0.69522 0.69148

Use Origina 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18

Use Origina 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64

Use Origina 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18

Use Origina 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18

Use Origina 0.90566 0.93467 0.97462 1.00876 0.90566 0.93467 0.97462 1.00876

County Spe 1.03457 1.09557 1.16211 n/a 1.005313 1.008856 1.010785 1.007031

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493

Use Origina 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493

Use Origina 1.02034 1.03403 1.04439 1.06194 1.02034 1.03403 1.04439 1.06194

Use Origina 1.018987 1.031755 1.041412 1.05775 1.018987 1.031755 1.041412 1.05775

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575

Use Origina 11111111
Use Origina 1.0089 1.01485 1.01934 1.02687 1.0089 1.01485 1.01934 1.02687

Use Origina 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468

Use Origina 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468

Use Origina 0.95405 0.92407 0.90207 0.86679 0.95405 0.92407 0.90207 0.86679

Use Origina 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561

Use Origina 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561

Use Origina 0.9642 0.94073 0.92343 0.89543 0.9642 0.94073 0.92343 0.89543

Use Origina 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467

Use Origina 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555

Use Origina 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555

Use Origina 1.04168 1.07 1.09162 1.12884 1.04168 1.07 1.09162 1.12884

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.90835 0.84988 0.80802 0.74362 0.90835 0.84988 0.80802 0.74362

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682 0.95902 0.93494 0.91689 0.88682

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22201 1.18515 1.16707 1.15754 1.22201 1.18515 1.16707 1.15754

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.02567 1.04298 1.05611 1.07845 1.02567 1.04298 1.05611 1.07845

Use Origina 1.008097 1.013515 1.017594 1.02444 1.008097 1.013515 1.017594 1.02444
Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331

Use Origina 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331

Use Origina 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235

Use Origina 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235

Use Origina 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235
Use Origina 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405

Use Origina 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 0.84897 0.86815 0.86943 0.84996 0.84897 0.86815 0.86943 0.84996

Use Origina 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043

Use Origina 0.66759 0.59932 0.58513 0.56793 0.66759 0.59932 0.58513 0.56793

AEO2011; M 1.11646 1.14481 1.12062 1.07699 1.2886 1.3654 1.4202 1.4725

Use Origina 0.90299 0.9019 0.90321 0.88313 0.90299 0.9019 0.90321 0.88313

Use Origina 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043 0.90689 0.90647 0.91167 0.88043

Use Origina 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358 1.0358

Use Origina 0.82625 0.76663 0.73685 0.70742 0.82625 0.76663 0.73685 0.70742

Use Origina 1.08048 1.08735 1.09164 1.09118 1.08048 1.08735 1.09164 1.09118

Use Origina 1.04704 1.07601 1.10042 1.14605 1.04704 1.07601 1.10042 1.14605

Use Origina 0.98314 0.99085 0.99869 1.00876 0.98314 0.99085 0.99869 1.00876

Use Origina 1.35148 1.43016 1.45574 1.50984 1.35148 1.43016 1.45574 1.50984

Use Origina 0.63929 0.62245 0.61173 0.5898 0.63929 0.62245 0.61173 0.5898

Use Origina 0.8674 0.79161 0.74978 0.68898 0.8674 0.79161 0.74978 0.68898

Use Origina 0.97682 0.99878 1.02195 1.04433 0.97682 0.99878 1.02195 1.04433

Use Origina 0.73171 0.70053 0.69522 0.69148 0.73171 0.70053 0.69522 0.69148

Use Origina 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18

Use Origina 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36 1.12 1.2 1.26 1.36

Use Origina 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64 0.88 0.8 0.74 0.64

Use Origina 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18

Use Origina 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18 1.06 1.1 1.13 1.18

Use Origina 0.90566 0.93467 0.97462 1.00876 0.90566 0.93467 0.97462 1.00876

County Spe 1.03457 1.09557 1.16211 n/a 1.076503 1.127506 1.152893 1.18792

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285 0.96329 0.93924 0.92151 0.89285

Use Origina 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493

Use Origina 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493 1.03413 1.05723 1.07482 1.10493
Use Origina 1.02034 1.03403 1.04439 1.06194 1.02034 1.03403 1.04439 1.06194

Use Origina 1.018987 1.031755 1.041412 1.05775 1.018987 1.031755 1.041412 1.05775

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.0089 1.01485 1.01934 1.02687 1.0089 1.01485 1.01934 1.02687

Use Origina 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468

Use Origina 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468 0.96394 0.9403 0.92287 0.89468

Use Origina 0.95405 0.92407 0.90207 0.86679 0.95405 0.92407 0.90207 0.86679

Use Origina 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561

Use Origina 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561 1.04066 1.06827 1.08935 1.12561

Use Origina 0.9642 0.94073 0.92343 0.89543 0.9642 0.94073 0.92343 0.89543

Use Origina 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467

Use Origina 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555

Use Origina 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555 0.95717 0.92918 0.90862 0.87555

Use Origina 1.04168 1.07 1.09162 1.12884 1.04168 1.07 1.09162 1.12884

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467 0.91259 0.85671 0.81662 0.75467

Use Origina 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822 0.97564 0.95958 0.94767 0.92822

Use Origina 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575 1.0248 1.04152 1.0542 1.07575

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.90835 0.84988 0.80802 0.74362 0.90835 0.84988 0.80802 0.74362

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131 0.93996 0.90105 0.87187 0.83131

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023 1.22532 1.18808 1.16957 1.16023

Use Origina 1.22201 1.18515 1.16707 1.15754 1.22201 1.18515 1.16707 1.15754

Use Origina 11111111
Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.02567 1.04298 1.05611 1.07845 1.02567 1.04298 1.05611 1.07845

Use Origina 1.008097 1.013515 1.017594 1.02444 1.008097 1.013515 1.017594 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444 1.0081 1.01352 1.01759 1.02444

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299 1.0107 1.01698 1.02104 1.0299

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649 1.12009 1.19092 1.23711 1.33649

Use Origina 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331

Use Origina 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331

Use Origina 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331 1.1689 1.26854 1.33354 1.47331

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 11111111
Use Origina 11111111

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235

Use Origina 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235

Use Origina 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235 1.13286 1.21125 1.2624 1.37235

Use Origina 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405

Use Origina 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405 1.04783 1.07605 1.09447 1.13405

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Use Origina 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806 1.04573 1.07267 1.09022 1.12806

Total of Cambria and Indiana

Total of Cambria

Total of Indiana

Adj. Indiana (21.1% of county popn)

Johnstown NA Total
CONTROL RNH3_2007 NH3_17_G NH3_17_CFNH3_17_G NH3_25_G NH3_25_CFNH3_25_G NOX_2007

0.084236 0.07313 1 0.07313 0.071597 1 0.071597 30.8866

2010 RICE M 0.2998 0.27176 1 0.27176 0.263953 1 0.263953 7.495001

MANEVU L 0.202404 0.121305 1 0.121305 0.114951 1 0.114951 11.89122

2010 RICE M2.195578 2.997842 1 2.997842 3.232988 1 3.232988 68.1597

0.000694 0.000626 1 0.000626 0.000613 1 0.000613 5.531404

MANEVU L 0.004464 0.004046 1 0.004046 0.00393 1 0.00393 0.115948

0.089554 0.09276 1 0.09276 0.09276 1 0.09276 0

2010 RICE M0.074509 0.057121 1 0.057121 0.052709 1 0.052709 18.62718

MANEVU L 0.05015 0.054531 1 0.054531 0.054723 1 0.054723 3.447819

2010 RICE M0.332112 0.357356 1 0.357356 0.380617 1 0.380617 67.42793

0.000179 0.000178 1 0.000178 0.000181 1 0.000181 1.427471

MANEVU L 0.007339 0.010496 1 0.010496 0.011081 1 0.011081 1.769233

0.025961 0.016159 1 0.016159 0.015312 1 0.015312 7.87484

MANEVU L 5.082829 4.023619 1 4.023619 3.501968 1 3.501968 114.3637

0.615002 0.614251 1 0.614251 0.642265 1 0.642265 117.9799

0.038804 0.027183 1 0.027183 0.026832 1 0.026832 10.39934

2.772757 3.050033 1 3.050033 3.271854 1 3.271854 4.005094

2.087922 1.670338 1 1.670338 1.33627 1 1.33627 3.438931

0.216191 0.259429 1 0.259429 0.29402 1 0.29402 0.547684

0.089591 0.107509 1 0.107509 0.121844 1 0.121844 0.199091

6.014138 4.81131 1 4.81131 3.849048 1 3.849048 9.905639

0.622732 0.747279 1 0.747279 0.846916 1 0.846916 1.577589

0.259688 0.311625 1 0.311625 0.353175 1 0.353175 0.577084

0.312933 0.375519 1 0.375519 0.425588 1 0.425588 3.963812

0.75007 0.600056 1 0.600056 0.480045 1 0.480045 0.767292

PA Outdoo 1.152546 1.267801 1 1.267801 1.360004 1 1.360004 1.179009

010010 1.733926

MANEVU L 0.274743 0.256794 1 0.256794 0.277149 1 0.277149 6.1728

010010

010010

010010

0100100

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010
010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

010010

010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

010010

010010

010010

0100100

0100100

010010 37.77824

0100100

0.545878 0.56934 1 0.56934 0.588702 1 0.588702

010010
0010010

0010010

0.844198 0.855612 1 0.855612 0.86483 1 0.86483

37.00296 37.50324 1 37.50324 37.90731 1 37.90731

0010010

1.463236 1.483019 1 1.483019 1.498997 1 1.498997

0010010

11.38432 11.53824 1 11.53824 11.66255 1 11.66255

0010010

0010010

0.038272 0.03879 1 0.03879 0.039208 1 0.039208

0.373115 0.37816 1 0.37816 0.382234 1 0.382234

0.271687 0.27536 1 0.27536 0.278327 1 0.278327

14.41218 14.60703 1 14.60703 14.76441 1 14.76441

10.44696 10.62435 1 10.62435 10.75932 1 10.75932

0.004179 0.00425 1 0.00425 0.004304 1 0.004304

8.357568 8.49948 1 8.49948 8.607459 1 8.607459

28.82832 29.31782 1 29.31782 29.69029 1 29.69029

5.924352 6.024947 1 6.024947 6.10149 1 6.10149

1.093625 1.30242 1 1.30242 1.461619 1 1.461619

0.019704 0.023466 1 0.023466 0.026334 1 0.026334

0010010

0010010

0010010

0.130918 0.166074 1 0.166074 0.192882 1 0.192882

0.023803 0.030195 1 0.030195 0.035069 1 0.035069

0.106982 0.135711 1 0.135711 0.157618 1 0.157618

0.05197 0.05197 1 0.05197 0.05197 1 0.05197

0.009349 0.009349 1 0.009349 0.009349 1 0.009349

0.046813 0.046813 1 0.046813 0.046813 1 0.046813

29.35728 29.35728 1 29.35728 29.35728 1 29.35728

0.317376 0.317376 1 0.317376 0.317376 1 0.317376

0.893942 0.893942 1 0.893942 0.893942 1 0.893942

0.089923 0.089923 1 0.089923 0.089923 1 0.089923

10.80401 10.80401 1 10.80401 10.80401 1 10.80401

10.80401 10.80401 1 10.80401 10.80401 1 10.80401

24.59664 24.59664 1 24.59664 24.59664 1 24.59664

0.928325 0.928325 1 0.928325 0.928325 1 0.928325

0.043375 0.043375 1 0.043375 0.043375 1 0.043375

0.536894 0.536894 1 0.536894 0.536894 1 0.536894

8.99232 8.99232 1 8.99232 8.99232 1 8.99232

0.154721 0.154721 1 0.154721 0.154721 1 0.154721

11.99417 11.99417 1 11.99417 11.99417 1 11.99417

0010010

0.034382 0.041646 1 0.041646 0.047185 1 0.047185

0.202327 0.245069 1 0.245069 0.277664 1 0.277664

0.096403 0.116768 1 0.116768 0.132299 1 0.132299
10.16926 10.94263 1 10.94263 11.53244 1 11.53244

0.751123 0.805707 1 0.805707 0.847312 1 0.847312

1.507536 1.617089 1 1.617089 1.700591 1 1.700591

0.127347 0.136601 1 0.136601 0.143655 1 0.143655

9.177456 9.875402 1 9.875402 10.40769 1 10.40769

2.38032 2.561343 1 2.561343 2.699402 1 2.699402

2.023272 2.170303 1 2.170303 2.282372 1 2.282372

0.941549 1.009971 1 1.009971 1.062124 1 1.062124

0.011822 0.012681 1 0.012681 0.013336 1 0.013336

0.056901 0.049398 1 0.049398 0.048363 1 0.048363 20.86358

2010 RICE M0.202512 0.183571 1 0.183571 0.178298 1 0.178298 0.952796

MANEVU L 0.136722 0.08194 1 0.08194 0.077648 1 0.077648 8.032394

2010 RICE M 1.48309 2.025011 1 2.025011 2.18385 1 2.18385 35.18296

0.000469 0.000423 1 0.000423 0.000414 1 0.000414 3.736407

MANEVU L 0.003015 0.002733 1 0.002733 0.002655 1 0.002655 0.078322

0.043382 0.044935 1 0.044935 0.044935 1 0.044935 0

2010 RICE M0.036094 0.027671 1 0.027671 0.025534 1 0.025534 8.16388

MANEVU L 0.024294 0.026416 1 0.026416 0.026509 1 0.026509 1.670212

2010 RICE M0.160883 0.173112 1 0.173112 0.18438 1 0.18438 31.97276

8.68E‐05 8.6E‐05 1 8.6E‐05 8.76E‐05 1 8.76E‐05 0.691503

MANEVU L 0.003555 0.005085 1 0.005085 0.005368 1 0.005368 0.857062

0.004836 0.00301 1 0.00301 0.002852 1 0.002852 1.466991

MANEVU L 2.142932 1.696367 1 1.696367 1.476438 1 1.476438 48.216

0.390509 0.390033 1 0.390033 0.40782 1 0.40782 74.91397

0.062709 0.04393 1 0.04393 0.043362 1 0.043362 16.806

1.504726 1.655199 1 1.655199 1.775577 1 1.775577 2.173493

1.130362 0.904289 1 0.904289 0.723431 1 0.723431 1.861772

0.116576 0.139891 1 0.139891 0.158543 1 0.158543 0.295326

0.049068 0.058882 1 0.058882 0.066733 1 0.066733 0.10904

3.259117 2.607293 1 2.607293 2.085835 1 2.085835 5.367957

0.33731 0.404772 1 0.404772 0.458742 1 0.458742 0.854519

0.140726 0.168871 1 0.168871 0.191387 1 0.191387 0.312724

0.18002 0.216024 1 0.216024 0.244828 1 0.244828 2.280258

0.59813 0.478504 1 0.478504 0.382803 1 0.382803 0.611863

PA Outdoo 0.626886 0.689575 1 0.689575 0.739726 1 0.739726 0.64128

010010 0.996953

MANEVU L 0.115832 0.108265 1 0.108265 0.116847 1 0.116847 2.6025

010010

010010

010010

0100100

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010
010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

OTC 2006 Rule for Con 010010

010010

010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

OTC/Federal PFC Rules 010010

010010

010010

010010

010010 0.344115
010010 0.744097

010010 19.81644

010010 28.81852

0.330136 0.344325 1 0.344325 0.356035 1 0.356035

010010

0010010

0010010

3.79077 3.842021 1 3.842021 3.883416 1 3.883416

60.74004 61.56124 1 61.56124 62.22452 1 62.22452

0010010

2.091816 2.120098 1 2.120098 2.14294 1 2.14294

0010010

15.34833 15.55583 1 15.55583 15.72344 1 15.72344

0010010

0010010

0.07921 0.08028 1 0.08028 0.081145 1 0.081145

0.122836 0.124496 1 0.124496 0.125838 1 0.125838

0.103346 0.104743 1 0.104743 0.105871 1 0.105871

0.110949 0.112449 1 0.112449 0.113661 1 0.113661

5.368944 5.460109 1 5.460109 5.529475 1 5.529475

0.002156 0.002192 1 0.002192 0.00222 1 0.00222

4.2978 4.370777 1 4.370777 4.426304 1 4.426304

28.69608 29.18334 1 29.18334 29.55409 1 29.55409

7.709592 7.840501 1 7.840501 7.940109 1 7.940109

1.9836 2.362309 1 2.362309 2.651062 1 2.651062

0.035705 0.042522 1 0.042522 0.047719 1 0.047719

0010010

0010010

0010010

0.133562 0.169429 1 0.169429 0.196779 1 0.196779

0.0242 0.030699 1 0.030699 0.035654 1 0.035654

0.108834 0.13806 1 0.13806 0.160346 1 0.160346

0.090981 0.090981 1 0.090981 0.090981 1 0.090981

0.016398 0.016398 1 0.016398 0.016398 1 0.016398

0.081857 0.081857 1 0.081857 0.081857 1 0.081857

157.3656 157.3656 1 157.3656 157.3656 1 157.3656

1.163712 1.163712 1 1.163712 1.163712 1 1.163712

3.279552 3.279552 1 3.279552 3.279552 1 3.279552

0.329278 0.329278 1 0.329278 0.329278 1 0.329278

40.86216 40.86216 1 40.86216 40.86216 1 40.86216

40.86216 40.86216 1 40.86216 40.86216 1 40.86216

93.36144 93.36144 1 93.36144 93.36144 1 93.36144

3.557256 3.557256 1 3.557256 3.557256 1 3.557256

0.1653 0.1653 1 0.1653 0.1653 1 0.1653

2.04972 2.04972 1 2.04972 2.04972 1 2.04972

34.25016 34.25016 1 34.25016 34.25016 1 34.25016

0.58979 0.58979 1 0.58979 0.58979 1 0.58979
45.75504 45.75504 1 45.75504 45.75504 1 45.75504

0010010

0.167945 0.203423 1 0.203423 0.230479 1 0.230479

0.219518 0.265892 1 0.265892 0.301256 1 0.301256

0.074054 0.089698 1 0.089698 0.101629 1 0.101629

40.3332 43.40054 1 43.40054 45.73987 1 45.73987

3.028296 3.248362 1 3.248362 3.4161 1 3.4161

6.559104 7.035754 1 7.035754 7.399063 1 7.399063

0.505157 0.541867 1 0.541867 0.569847 1 0.569847

6.797136 7.314058 1 7.314058 7.708292 1 7.708292

7.061616 7.598652 1 7.598652 8.008226 1 8.008226

8.265 8.865618 1 8.865618 9.323416 1 9.323416

4.707744 5.049856 1 5.049856 5.310618 1 5.310618

0.049854 0.053477 1 0.053477 0.056239 1 0.056239

917.4107 927.7922 927.7922 935.7716 935.7716 860.6792

271.9731 274.7139 274.7139 276.8725 276.8725 539.2435

645.4377 653.0783 653.0783 658.899 658.899 321.4357

0.211262 136.3567 137.9709 137.9709 139.2006 139.2006 67.90727

408.3298 412.6847 412.6847 416.0731 416.0731 607.1507
Without TFWith TF With TF

NOX_17_G NOX_17_CFNOX_17_G NOX_25_G NOX_25_CFNOX_25_G P10_2007 P10_2007_P10_17_GO

26.8142 1 26.8142 26.25237 1 26.25237 33.80679 33.80679 29.34936

6.793994 1 6.793994 6.598824 1 6.598824 0.861925 0.861925 0.781309

7.126644 1 7.126644 6.753378 1 6.753378 5.622091 5.622091 3.369432

93.06525 0.9203 85.64795 100.3652 0.9203 92.36606 0.295153 0.295153 0.403002

4.988773 1 4.988773 4.884949 1 4.884949 0.0287 0.0287 0.025884

0.105103 1 0.105103 0.102084 1 0.102084 0.013334 0.013334 0.012087

010010 0.119405 0.119405 0.12368

14.28015 1 14.28015 13.17724 1 13.17724 2.216634 2.216634 1.699338

3.748986 1 3.748986 3.762191 1 3.762191 1.030666 1.030666 1.120695

72.55312 0.9203 66.77064 77.27578 0.9203 71.1169 0.275001 0.275001 0.295903

1.41441 1 1.41441 1.439976 1 1.439976 0.007442 0.007442 0.007374

2.530286 1 2.530286 2.671259 1 2.671259 0.210211 0.210211 0.300635

4.901694 1 4.901694 4.644581 1 4.644581 5.399891 5.399891 3.361162

90.53145 1 90.53145 78.7943 1 78.7943 15.1214 15.1214 11.97025

117.836 1 117.836 123.2099 1 123.2099 7.806755 7.806755 7.79723

7.285051 1 7.285051 7.190937 1 7.190937 0.038804 0.038804 0.027183

4.405603 1 4.405603 4.726011 1 4.726011 36.35393 36.35393 39.98932

2.751144 1 2.751144 2.200916 1 2.200916 37.5826 37.5826 30.06608

0.657221 1 0.657221 0.744851 1 0.744851 4.708163 4.708163 5.649795

0.23891 1 0.23891 0.270764 1 0.270764 2.030732 2.030732 2.436878

7.924511 1 7.924511 6.339609 1 6.339609 108.2545 108.2545 86.60359

1.893106 1 1.893106 2.145521 1 2.145521 13.56173 13.56173 16.27407

0.6925 1 0.6925 0.784834 1 0.784834 5.886253 5.886253 7.063503

4.756574 1 4.756574 5.390784 1 5.390784 3.191912 3.191912 3.830294

0.613833 1 0.613833 0.491067 1 0.491067 11.50107 11.50107 9.200854

1.29691 1 1.29691 1.391231 1 1.391231 17.67237 17.67237 19.43961

1.907318 1 1.907318 2.046032 1 2.046032 6.408575 6.408575 7.049433

5.769531 1 5.769531 6.226874 1 6.226874 0.8135 0.8135 0.760354

010010 608.4015 137.0599 138.2737

010010 1027.405 231.4524 231.4524

010010 3.610079 3.610079 3.39073

010010 25.57425 25.57425 24.02036

010010000

010010 7.475267 7.475267 7.02107

010010 0.507058 0.507058 0.476249

010010 00

010010 3.81677 0.859837 0.909045

010010 372.1166 83.82995 88.62754

010010 177.9913 40.09765 41.46217

010010 238.87 238.87 246.4554

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00
010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010000

010010000

37.77824 1 37.77824 37.77824 1 37.77824 128.446 128.446 128.446

010010000

010010 00

010010 592.0985 133.3872 135.19
010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00
010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

18.11272 1 18.11272 17.73321 1 17.73321 22.83614 22.83614 19.82519

0.863681 1 0.863681 0.83887 1 0.83887 0.582222 0.582222 0.527766

4.813974 1 4.813974 4.561837 1 4.561837 3.797664 3.797664 2.276016

48.03882 0.9203 44.21012 51.80691 0.9203 47.6779 0.148309 0.148309 0.202501

3.369865 1 3.369865 3.299733 1 3.299733 0.019386 0.019386 0.017485

0.070996 1 0.070996 0.068957 1 0.068957 0.009007 0.009007 0.008165

010010 0.057843 0.057843 0.059914

6.258676 1 6.258676 5.775292 1 5.775292 1.056694 1.056694 0.810093

1.816104 1 1.816104 1.822501 1 1.822501 0.499281 0.499281 0.542893

34.40301 0.9203 31.66109 36.64238 0.9203 33.72198 0.13055 0.13055 0.140473

0.685176 1 0.685176 0.697561 1 0.697561 0.003605 0.003605 0.003572

1.225735 1 1.225735 1.294026 1 1.294026 0.101832 0.101832 0.145635

0.913128 1 0.913128 0.865231 1 0.865231 1.005936 1.005936 0.626145

38.16827 1 38.16827 33.21986 1 33.21986 6.3753 6.3753 5.046751

74.82258 1 74.82258 78.23491 1 78.23491 4.957073 4.957073 4.951026

11.77311 1 11.77311 11.62102 1 11.62102 0.062709 0.062709 0.04393

2.390843 1 2.390843 2.564722 1 2.564722 19.72863 19.72863 21.70149

1.489418 1 1.489418 1.191534 1 1.191534 20.34651 20.34651 16.27721

0.354391 1 0.354391 0.401643 1 0.401643 2.538765 2.538765 3.046518

0.130848 1 0.130848 0.148295 1 0.148295 1.112211 1.112211 1.334653

4.294365 1 4.294365 3.435492 1 3.435492 58.6641 58.6641 46.93128

1.025422 1 1.025422 1.162145 1 1.162145 7.345862 7.345862 8.815034

0.375269 1 0.375269 0.425305 1 0.425305 3.189788 3.189788 3.827746

2.73631 1 2.73631 3.101151 1 3.101151 1.836208 1.836208 2.203449

0.489491 1 0.489491 0.391593 1 0.391593 9.171326 9.171326 7.337061

0.705408 1 0.705408 0.75671 1 0.75671 9.612255 9.612255 10.57348

1.096649 1 1.096649 1.176405 1 1.176405 3.684732 3.684732 4.053205

2.432479 1 2.432479 2.625298 1 2.625298 0.3429 0.3429 0.320498

010010 545.5077 157.3146 177.3731

010010 926.4901 267.1831 267.1831

010010 2.183301 2.183301 2.050644

010010 15.46678 15.46678 14.52702

010010000

010010 4.520888 4.520888 4.246199

010010 0.306658 0.306658 0.288026

010010 00

010010 11.23144 3.238945 3.42431

010010 115.1392 33.20408 35.10435
010010 243.4594 70.2093 72.59853

010010 238.87 238.87 246.4554

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

0.344115 1 0.344115 0.344115 1 0.344115 1.221051 1.221051 1.221051
0.744097 1 0.744097 0.744097 1 0.744097 2.936207 2.936207 2.936207

19.81644 1 19.81644 19.81644 1 19.81644 67.3759 67.3759 67.3759

28.81852 1 28.81852 28.81852 1 28.81852 182.5173 182.5173 182.5173

010010 00

010010 1190.462 343.3078 347.9477

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00
010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

010010 00

837.2404 817.47 843.2455 822.0381 7234.036 2921.062 2921.631

524.6605 511.4607 527.6597 513.5017 3507.131 1351.989 1334.733

312.5799 306.0093 315.5858 308.5363 3726.905 1569.073 1586.898

66.03637 64.64825 66.6714 65.18212 787.3547 331.486 335.2518

590.6969 576.1089 594.3311 578.6838 4294.486 1683.475 1669.985
With TF With TF With TF Without TFWith TF With TF

P10_17_CF P10_17_GCP10_25_GOP10_25_CF P10_25_GCP25_2007 P25_2007_P25_17_GOP25_17_CF

1 29.34936 28.73442 1 28.73442 4.043337 4.043337 3.510223 1

0.9243 0.722164 0.758865 0.9243 0.701419 0.580863 0.580863 0.526534 0.9243

1 3.369432 3.192954 1 3.192954 3.794133 3.794133 2.2739 1

1 0.403002 0.434613 1 0.434613 0.295031 0.295031 0.402835 1

1 0.025884 0.025346 1 0.025346 0.023715 0.023715 0.021389 1

1 0.012087 0.01174 1 0.01174 0.008986 0.008986 0.008145 1

1 0.12368 0.12368 1 0.12368 0.119405 0.119405 0.12368 1

0.9243 1.570698 1.568091 0.9243 1.449387 1.983794 1.983794 1.520836 0.9243

1 1.120695 1.124642 1 1.124642 0.441872 0.441872 0.48047 1

1 0.295903 0.315164 1 0.315164 0.291445 0.291445 0.313598 1

1 0.007374 0.007507 1 0.007507 0.006156 0.006156 0.0061 1

1 0.300635 0.317385 1 0.317385 0.188096 0.188096 0.269007 1

1 3.361162 3.184855 1 3.184855 3.32301 3.32301 2.068407 1

1 11.97025 10.41834 1 10.41834 13.533 13.533 10.71286 1

1 7.79723 8.152828 1 8.152828 7.693795 7.693795 7.684409 1

1 0.027183 0.026832 1 0.026832 0.031043 0.031043 0.021746 1

1 39.98932 42.89764 1 42.89764 36.35393 36.35393 39.98932 1

1 30.06608 24.05286 1 24.05286 37.5826 37.5826 30.06608 1

1 5.649795 6.403101 1 6.403101 4.708163 4.708163 5.649795 1

1 2.436878 2.761795 1 2.761795 2.030732 2.030732 2.436878 1

1 86.60359 69.28287 1 69.28287 108.2545 108.2545 86.60359 1

1 16.27407 18.44395 1 18.44395 13.56173 13.56173 16.27407 1

1 7.063503 8.005304 1 8.005304 5.886253 5.886253 7.063503 1

1 3.830294 4.341 1 4.341 3.191912 3.191912 3.830294 1

1 9.200854 7.360683 1 7.360683 11.50107 11.50107 9.200854 1

1 19.43961 20.8534 0.1 2.08534 17.67237 17.67237 19.43961 1

1 7.049433 7.562119 1 7.562119 6.616177 6.616177 7.277795 1

1 0.760354 0.820626 1 0.820626 0.7314 0.7314 0.683618 1

1 138.2737 138.0236 1 138.0236 149.3349 33.64197 33.9399 1

1 231.4524 231.4524 1 231.4524 102.0795 22.99634 22.99634 1

1 3.39073 3.223259 1 3.223259 3.499689 3.499689 3.287048 1

1 24.02036 22.83397 1 22.83397 24.75923 24.75923 23.25486 1

100100001

1 7.02107 6.674293 1 6.674293 5.679657 5.679657 5.334561 1

1 0.476249 0.452727 1 0.452727 0.428488 0.428488 0.402454 1

10010 001

1 0.909045 0.95006 1 0.95006 0.381677 0.085984 0.090905 1

1 88.62754 92.62622 1 92.62622 37.21166 8.382995 8.862754 1

1 41.46217 42.5813 1 42.5813 17.79913 4.009765 4.146217 1

1 246.4554 252.6647 1 252.6647 47.77 47.77 49.28694 1

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001
10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

100100001

100100001

1 128.446 128.446 1 128.446 128.446 128.446 128.446 1

100100001

10010 001

1 135.19 136.6472 1 136.6472 118.4197 26.67744 27.03799 1
10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001
10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

1 19.82519 19.4098 1 19.4098 2.731232 2.731232 2.371119 1

0.9243 0.487814 0.512605 0.9243 0.473801 0.392367 0.392367 0.355669 0.9243

1 2.276016 2.156808 1 2.156808 2.562898 2.562898 1.535996 1

1 0.202501 0.218385 1 0.218385 0.19929 0.19929 0.272111 1

1 0.017485 0.017121 1 0.017121 0.016019 0.016019 0.014448 1

1 0.008165 0.00793 1 0.00793 0.00607 0.00607 0.005502 1

1 0.059914 0.059914 1 0.059914 0.057843 0.057843 0.059914 1

0.9243 0.748769 0.747527 0.9243 0.690939 0.961001 0.961001 0.736732 0.9243

1 0.542893 0.544805 1 0.544805 0.214054 0.214054 0.232752 1

1 0.140473 0.149617 1 0.149617 0.141183 0.141183 0.151915 1

1 0.003572 0.003637 1 0.003637 0.002982 0.002982 0.002955 1

1 0.145635 0.153749 1 0.153749 0.091118 0.091118 0.130314 1

1 0.626145 0.593301 1 0.593301 0.619038 0.619038 0.38532 1

1 5.046751 4.392454 1 4.392454 5.7056 5.7056 4.51661 1

1 4.951026 5.17682 1 5.17682 4.885347 4.885347 4.879387 1

1 0.04393 0.043362 1 0.043362 0.050167 0.050167 0.035144 1

1 21.70149 23.27978 1 23.27978 19.72863 19.72863 21.70149 1

1 16.27721 13.02177 1 13.02177 20.34651 20.34651 16.27721 1

1 3.046518 3.45272 1 3.45272 2.538765 2.538765 3.046518 1

1 1.334653 1.512607 1 1.512607 1.112211 1.112211 1.334653 1

1 46.93128 37.54502 1 37.54502 58.6641 58.6641 46.93128 1

1 8.815034 9.990372 1 9.990372 7.345862 7.345862 8.815034 1

1 3.827746 4.338112 1 4.338112 3.189788 3.189788 3.827746 1

1 2.203449 2.497243 1 2.497243 1.836208 1.836208 2.203449 1

1 7.337061 5.869649 1 5.869649 9.171326 9.171326 7.337061 1

1 10.57348 11.34246 0.1 1.134246 9.612255 9.612255 10.57348 1

1 4.053205 4.347984 1 4.347984 3.804096 3.804096 4.184506 1

1 0.320498 0.345904 1 0.345904 0.3083 0.3083 0.288159 1

1 177.3731 186.8773 1 186.8773 133.8974 38.6136 43.53706 1

1 267.1831 267.1831 1 267.1831 92.053 26.54643 26.54643 1

1 2.050644 1.949361 1 1.949361 2.11654 2.11654 1.987939 1

1 14.52702 13.80952 1 13.80952 14.97388 14.97388 14.06406 1

100100001

1 4.246199 4.036475 1 4.036475 3.43494 3.43494 3.226233 1

1 0.288026 0.2738 1 0.2738 0.259141 0.259141 0.243396 1

10010 001

1 3.42431 3.578808 1 3.578808 1.123144 0.323895 0.342431 1

1 35.10435 36.68819 1 36.68819 11.51392 3.320408 3.510435 1
1 72.59853 74.55807 1 74.55807 24.34594 7.02093 7.259853 1

1 246.4554 252.6647 1 252.6647 47.77 47.77 49.28694 1

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

1 1.221051 1.221051 1 1.221051 1.221051 1.221051 1.221051 1
1 2.936207 2.936207 1 2.936207 2.263544 2.263544 2.263544 1

1 67.3759 67.3759 1 67.3759 67.3759 67.3759 67.3759 1

1 182.5173 182.5173 1 182.5173 167.1474 167.1474 167.1474 1

10010 001

1 347.9477 351.6983 1 351.6983 238.0924 68.66157 69.58955 1

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001
10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

10010 001

2921.342 2926.858 2897.61 1884.141 1198.17 1165.354

1334.545 1327.758 1308.814 920.2582 590.8261 565.5455

1586.797 1599.099 1588.796 963.8824 607.3435 599.8087

335.2304 337.8296 335.6528 203.6321 128.3088 126.717

1669.775 1665.588 1644.467 1123.89 719.1349 692.2626
Currently Currently When Fully

Adopted Adopted Adopted

With TF With TF With TF Low S Oil Low S Oil Low S Oil

P25_17_GCP25_25_GOP25_25_CF P25_25_GCSO2_2007 SO2_17_GOSO2_17_CFSO2_17_GCSO2_17_CF

3.510223 3.436674 1 3.436674 258.212 224.1667 1 224.1667 1

0.486676 0.511409 0.9243 0.472695 15.96435 14.47121 1 14.47121 0.005

2.2739 2.154802 1 2.154802 89.37387 53.56355 1 53.56355 0.25

0.402835 0.434433 1 0.434433 0.408971 0.558409 1 0.558409 1

0.021389 0.020944 1 0.020944 0.033185 0.029929 1 0.029929 1

0.008145 0.007911 1 0.007911 0.246969 0.22387 1 0.22387 0.005

0.12368 0.12368 1 0.12368 00101

1.405709 1.403376 0.9243 1.29714 39.67589 30.41672 1 30.41672 0.005

0.48047 0.482162 1 0.482162 22.1444 24.07871 1 24.07871 0.25

0.313598 0.334011 1 0.334011 0.406668 0.437578 1 0.437578 1

0.0061 0.00621 1 0.00621 0.008564 0.008485 1 0.008485 1

0.269007 0.283994 1 0.283994 3.768465 5.389507 1 5.389507 0.005

2.068407 1.959911 1 1.959911 64.91984 40.40935 1 40.40935 1

10.71286 9.323966 1 9.323966 270.66 214.2572 1 214.2572 0.005

7.684409 8.034861 1 8.034861 0.753063 0.752144 1 0.752144 1

0.021746 0.021465 1 0.021465 0.046564 0.03262 1 0.03262 1

39.98932 42.89764 1 42.89764 0.616168 0.677785 1 0.677785 1

30.06608 24.05286 1 24.05286 0.491276 0.393021 1 0.393021 1

5.649795 6.403101 1 6.403101 0.096085 0.115302 1 0.115302 1

2.436878 2.761795 1 2.761795 0.039818 0.047782 1 0.047782 1

86.60359 69.28287 1 69.28287 1.415091 1.132073 1 1.132073 1

16.27407 18.44395 1 18.44395 0.27677 0.332124 1 0.332124 1

7.063503 8.005304 1 8.005304 0.115417 0.1385 1 0.1385 1

3.830294 4.341 1 4.341 0.333795 0.400554 1 0.400554 1

9.200854 7.360683 1 7.360683 0.845912 0.676729 1 0.676729 1

19.43961 20.8534 0.1 2.08534 1.299816 1.429797 1 1.429797 1

7.277795 7.807089 1 7.807089 0101

0.683618 0.737807 1 0.737807 0.152 0.14207 1 0.14207 0.005

33.9399 33.87853 1 33.87853 0101

22.99634 22.99634 1 22.99634 0101

3.287048 3.124698 1 3.124698 0101

23.25486 22.10628 1 22.10628 00101

0010 0101

5.334561 5.071082 1 5.071082 0101

0.402454 0.382576 1 0.382576 0101

0010 0101

0.090905 0.095006 1 0.095006 0101

8.862754 9.262622 1 9.262622 0101

4.146217 4.25813 1 4.25813 0101

49.28694 50.52872 1 50.52872 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101
0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

001000101

001000101

128.446 128.446 1 128.446 0101

001000101

0010 0101

27.03799 27.32944 1 27.32944 0101
0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101
0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

2.371119 2.321438 1 2.321438 174.4195 151.4223 1 151.4223 1

0.328745 0.345451 0.9243 0.319301 4.803755 4.35446 1 4.35446 0.005

1.535996 1.455546 1 1.455546 60.37113 36.18163 1 36.18163 0.179

0.272111 0.293455 1 0.293455 0.211079 0.288208 1 0.288208 1

0.014448 0.014147 1 0.014147 0.022416 0.020217 1 0.020217 1

0.005502 0.005344 1 0.005344 0.166825 0.151222 1 0.151222 0.005

0.059914 0.059914 1 0.059914 00101

0.680961 0.679831 0.9243 0.628368 19.20291 14.72153 1 14.72153 0.005

0.232752 0.233572 1 0.233572 10.72731 11.66434 1 11.66434 0.179

0.151915 0.161803 1 0.161803 0.1798 0.193467 1 0.193467 1

0.002955 0.003008 1 0.003008 0.004149 0.004111 1 0.004111 1

0.130314 0.137574 1 0.137574 1.825541 2.610815 1 2.610815 0.005

0.38532 0.365108 1 0.365108 12.09381 7.527789 1 7.527789 1

4.51661 3.931044 1 3.931044 114.11 90.33062 1 90.33062 0.005

4.879387 5.101915 1 5.101915 0.478174 0.477591 1 0.477591 1

0.035144 0.03469 1 0.03469 0.075251 0.052715 1 0.052715 1

21.70149 23.27978 1 23.27978 0.334384 0.367822 1 0.367822 1

16.27721 13.02177 1 13.02177 0.265967 0.212774 1 0.212774 1

3.046518 3.45272 1 3.45272 0.051812 0.062174 1 0.062174 1

1.334653 1.512607 1 1.512607 0.021808 0.02617 1 0.02617 1

46.93128 37.54502 1 37.54502 0.766851 0.613481 1 0.613481 1

8.815034 9.990372 1 9.990372 0.149916 0.179899 1 0.179899 1

3.827746 4.338112 1 4.338112 0.062545 0.075054 1 0.075054 1

2.203449 2.497243 1 2.497243 0.192022 0.230426 1 0.230426 1

7.337061 5.869649 1 5.869649 0.674558 0.539646 1 0.539646 1

10.57348 11.34246 0.1 1.134246 0.706988 0.777687 1 0.777687 1

4.184506 4.488834 1 4.488834 0101

0.288159 0.311001 1 0.311001 0.0641 0.059912 1 0.059912 0.005

43.53706 45.86989 1 45.86989 0101

26.54643 26.54643 1 26.54643 0101

1.987939 1.889753 1 1.889753 0101

14.06406 13.36943 1 13.36943 00101

0010 0101

3.226233 3.066886 1 3.066886 0101

0.243396 0.231374 1 0.231374 0101

0010 0101

0.342431 0.357881 1 0.357881 0101

3.510435 3.668819 1 3.668819 0101
7.259853 7.455807 1 7.455807 0101

49.28694 50.52872 1 50.52872 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

1.221051 1.221051 1 1.221051 0.042182 0.042182 1 0.042182 1
2.263544 2.263544 1 2.263544 0.24704 0.24704 1 0.24704 1

67.3759 67.3759 1 67.3759 0101

167.1474 167.1474 1 167.1474 4.803086 4.803086 1 4.803086 1

0010 0101

69.58955 70.33965 1 70.33965 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101
0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

0010 0101

1165.117 1143.093 1113.894 1179.38 942.5201 942.5201

565.3906 548.9667 530.0537 772.3049 614.2817 614.2817

599.726 594.1259 583.8401 407.0749 328.2384 328.2384

126.6995 125.5165 123.3434 85.99962 69.34442 69.34442

692.0901 674.4832 653.3972 858.3045 683.6261 683.6261
When Fully Currently Currently When FullyWhen Fully

Adopted Adopted Adopted Adopted Adopted

Low S Oil Low S Oil Low S Oil Low S Oil Low S Oil

SO2_17_GCSO2_25_GOSO2_25_CFSO2_25_GCSO2_25_CFSO2_25_GCVOC_2007 VOC_17_GOVOC_17_CF

224.1667 219.4698 1 219.4698 1 219.4698 0.140394 0.121883 1

0.072356 14.05549 1 14.05549 0.005 0.070277 0.07495 0.06794 0.6915

13.39089 50.7581 1 50.7581 0.25 12.68953 0.070841 0.042457 1

0.558409 0.60221 1 0.60221 1 0.60221 3.748749 5.118542 0.8329

0.029929 0.029306 1 0.029306 1 0.029306 0.304215 0.274371 1

0.001119 0.217439 1 0.217439 0.005 0.001087 0.001118 0.001013 1

001010001

0.152084 28.06752 1 28.06752 0.005 0.140338 0.316662 0.242763 0.6915

6.019678 24.16353 0.25 6.040881 0.25 6.040881 0.070837 0.077025 1

0.437578 0.466061 1 0.466061 1 0.466061 3.707786 3.989615 0.8329

0.008485 0.008639 1 0.008639 1 0.008639 0.078508 0.077789 1

0.026948 5.689779 1 5.689779 0.005 0.028449 0.030077 0.043015 1

40.40935 38.28972 1 38.28972 1 38.28972 8.653671 5.386477 1

1.071286 186.4793 0.005 0.932397 0.005 0.932397 4.4475 3.520685 1

0.752144 0.786446 1 0.786446 1 0.786446 6.903079 6.894657 1

0.03262 0.032198 1 0.032198 1 0.032198 0.403557 0.282703 1

0.677785 0.727079 1 0.727079 1 0.727079 29.11395 32.02535 1

0.393021 0.314417 1 0.314417 1 0.314417 65.09404 52.07523 1

0.115302 0.130676 1 0.130676 1 0.130676 2.882549 3.459058 1

0.047782 0.054153 1 0.054153 1 0.054153 1.493185 1.791822 1

1.132073 0.905658 1 0.905658 1 0.905658 187.4996 149.9997 1

0.332124 0.376407 1 0.376407 1 0.376407 8.303098 9.963718 1

0.1385 0.156967 1 0.156967 1 0.156967 4.328127 5.193752 1

0.400554 0.453961 1 0.453961 1 0.453961 0.042767 0.051321 1

0.676729 0.541384 1 0.541384 1 0.541384 4.917123 3.933699 1

1.429797 1.533783 1 1.533783 1 1.533783 7.55558 8.311137 1

001010 8.926874 9.819562 1

0.00071 0.153332 1 0.153332 0.005 0.000767 0.2398 0.224134 1

001010 01

001010 01

001010 0.874031 0.820924 1

001010 3.007219 2.8245 1

001010 0.914059 0.858521 1

001010 0.430873 0.404693 1

001010 0.016788 0.015768 1

0 0 1 0 1 0 2.2 2.066328 1

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 174.719 163.3518 1

001010 36.24875 37.7538 1

001010 18.81843 18.81843 1
001010 7.5035 7.614927 1

001010 12.19312 11.46519 1

001010 15.26586 14.35448 1

001010001

001010001

001010 88.02618 94.03572 1

001010001

001010001

001010001

001010 85.581 79.52015 1

001010 43.4985 46.5434 1

001010 10.87463 10.43507 1

001010 0.507483 0.48697 1

001010 17.61979 16.9076 1

001010 7.55134 6.469308 1

001010 37.6407 36.11926 1

001010 85.54705 89.09896 1

001010 17.08711 15.97542 1

001010 318.989 271.1024 1

001010 158.2952 147.9965 0.98

001010 54.22791 50.69984 0.98

001010 94.29836 88.16331 0.98

001010 68.87263 64.39177 0.98

001010 39.65666 37.0766 0.98

001010 116.5023 108.9227 0.98

001010 5.074825 4.744657 0.98

001010 75.51144 75.51144 1

001010 20.48909 20.48909 1

001010 8.537434 10.14315 0.25

001010 16.66904 19.80416 0.25

001010 4.562786 5.420955 0.25

001010 1.557383 1.850296 0.25

001010 0.141749 0.168409 0.25

001010 0.272688 0.323975 0.25

001010 0.532413 0.632549 0.25

001010 6.224344 7.395018 0.25

001010 3.001417 3.565923 0.25

001010 0.272737 0.324034 0.25

001010 26.40218 31.3679 1

001010 4.251098 5.050644 1

001010 0.825991 0.978923 1

001010001

001010001

001010 87.64552 87.64552 1

001010001

001010 31.97746 33.35185 1

001010 01
001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01
001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

151.4223 148.2496 1 148.2496 1 148.2496 0.094834 0.082331 1

0.021772 4.22937 1 4.22937 0.005 0.021147 0 0 0.6915

6.476511 34.28658 1 34.28658 0.179 6.137297 0.047853 0.028679 1

0.288208 0.310814 1 0.310814 1 0.310814 1.939361 2.648003 0.8329

0.020217 0.019796 1 0.019796 1 0.019796 0.205494 0.185335 1

0.000756 0.146878 1 0.146878 0.005 0.000734 0.000755 0.000685 1

001010001

0.073608 13.58452 1 13.58452 0.005 0.067923 0 0 0.6915

2.087918 11.70543 0.179 2.095272 0.179 2.095272 0.034315 0.037313 1

0.193467 0.20606 1 0.20606 1 0.20606 1.639635 1.764263 0.8329

0.004111 0.004185 1 0.004185 1 0.004185 0.038031 0.037683 1

0.013054 2.756274 1 2.756274 0.005 0.013781 0.01457 0.020838 1

7.527789 7.132926 1 7.132926 1 7.132926 1.612077 1.003438 1

0.451653 78.61951 0.005 0.393098 0.005 0.393098 1.8751 1.484348 1

0.477591 0.499372 1 0.499372 1 0.499372 4.383264 4.377917 1

0.052715 0.052034 1 0.052034 1 0.052034 0.652173 0.456867 1

0.367822 0.394573 1 0.394573 1 0.394573 15.79962 17.37959 1

0.212774 0.170219 1 0.170219 1 0.170219 35.24068 28.19255 1

0.062174 0.070464 1 0.070464 1 0.070464 1.554346 1.865215 1

0.02617 0.029659 1 0.029659 1 0.029659 0.817802 0.981362 1

0.613481 0.490785 1 0.490785 1 0.490785 101.6078 81.2862 1

0.179899 0.203885 1 0.203885 1 0.203885 4.497466 5.39696 1

0.075054 0.085061 1 0.085061 1 0.085061 2.345433 2.814519 1

0.230426 0.26115 1 0.26115 1 0.26115 0.024603 0.029523 1

0.539646 0.431717 1 0.431717 1 0.431717 3.921074 3.136859 1

0.777687 0.834246 1 0.834246 1 0.834246 4.109587 4.520546 1

001010 5.132676 5.645943 1

0.0003 0.064662 1 0.064662 0.005 0.000323 0.1011 0.094495 1

001010 01

001010 01

001010 0.528596 0.496478 1

001010 1.818704 1.7082 1

001010 0.552804 0.519216 1

001010 0.260583 0.24475 1

001010 0.010153 0.009536 1

001010001

001010 01

001010 01
001010 01

001010 01

001010 105.6665 95.21075 1

001010 21.9225 22.83272 1

001010 22.5094 22.5094 1

001010 2.107 2.138289 1

001010 12.60529 11.85275 1

001010 12.88331 12.11418 1

001010001

001010001

001010 12.70322 13.57047 1

001010001

001010 0.042979 0.03682 1

001010001

001010 6.556844 6.092488 1

001010 26.307 28.14849 1

001010 6.57675 6.310918 1

001010 0.306915 0.294509 1

001010 10.65609 10.22537 1

001010 4.566895 3.912505 1

001010 22.76432 21.84419 1

001010 51.7371 53.88522 1

001010 6.7715 6.10146 1

001010 192.918 163.9571 1

001010 95.73369 86.26084 0.98

001010 32.79593 29.55077 0.98

001010 57.02971 51.38662 0.98

001010 41.65275 37.53121 0.98

001010 23.98354 21.61037 0.98

001010 70.45821 63.48637 0.98

001010 3.06915 2.765458 0.98

001010 46.52138 46.52138 1

001010 12.623 12.623 1

001010 3.633694 4.31712 0.25

001010 7.094662 8.429026 0.25

001010 1.942009 2.307262 0.25

001010 0.662852 0.787521 0.25

001010 0.060331 0.071678 0.25

001010 0.116061 0.13789 0.25

001010 0.226605 0.269225 0.25

001010 2.649199 3.147461 0.25

001010 1.27746 1.517725 0.25

001010 0.116082 0.137915 0.25

001010 15.9675 18.97066 1

001010 2.570977 3.054526 1

001010 0.499542 0.592032 1

0.042182 0.042182 1 0.042182 1 0.042182 1.554065 1.554065 1
0.24704 0.24704 1 0.24704 1 0.24704 2.827569 2.827569 1

001010 45.97415 45.97415 1

4.803086 4.803086 1 4.803086 1 4.803086 6.12148 6.12148 1

001010 19.33931 20.17052 1

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01
001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

001010 01

469.7634 884.3955 592.8894 458.0511 3367.229 3155.663

292.474 574.4634 370.7939 284.7826 2160.266 2036.052

177.2894 309.9321 222.0955 173.2684 1206.963 1119.611

37.45458 65.47699 46.92043 36.6051 254.9859 236.5317

329.9286 639.9404 417.7143 321.3877 2415.252 2272.584
VOC_17_GCVOC_25_GOVOC_25_CFVOC_25_GC

0.121883 0.119329 1 0.119329

0.04698 0.065988 0.6915 0.045631

0.042457 0.040233 1 0.040233

4.263234 5.520033 0.8329 4.597635

0.274371 0.268661 1 0.268661

0.001013 0.000984 1 0.000984

0010

0.16787 0.224013 0.6915 0.154905

0.077025 0.077296 1 0.077296

3.32295 4.249308 0.8329 3.539249

0.077789 0.079195 1 0.079195

0.043015 0.045411 1 0.045411

5.386477 5.103935 1 5.103935

3.520685 3.064239 1 3.064239

6.894657 7.209092 1 7.209092

0.282703 0.279051 1 0.279051

32.02535 34.35446 1 34.35446

52.07523 41.66019 1 41.66019

3.459058 3.920266 1 3.920266

1.791822 2.030732 1 2.030732

149.9997 119.9997 1 119.9997

9.963718 11.29221 1 11.29221

5.193752 5.886253 1 5.886253

0.051321 0.058164 1 0.058164

3.933699 3.146959 1 3.146959

8.311137 8.915584 1 8.915584

9.819562 10.53371 1 10.53371

0.224134 0.241901 1 0.241901

0010

0010

0.820924 0.780378 1 0.780378

2.8245 2.684995 1 2.684995

0.858521 0.816118 1 0.816118

0.404693 0.384705 1 0.384705

0.015768 0.014989 1 0.014989

2.066328 1.96427 1 1.96427

0010

0010

0010

0010

163.3518 154.9443 1 154.9443

37.7538 38.99459 1 38.99459

18.81843 18.81843 1 18.81843
7.614927 7.705119 1 7.705119

11.46519 10.90894 1 10.90894

14.35448 13.65806 1 13.65806

0010

0010

94.03572 99.08315 1 99.08315

0010

0010

0010

79.52015 74.93044 1 74.93044

46.5434 49.10285 1 49.10285

10.43507 10.09404 1 10.09404

0.48697 0.471055 1 0.471055

16.9076 16.35504 1 16.35504

6.469308 5.698769 1 5.698769

36.11926 34.93885 1 34.93885

89.09896 92.02724 1 92.02724

15.97542 15.15319 1 15.15319

271.1024 237.2066 1 237.2066

145.0366 140.3793 0.98 137.5718

49.68585 48.0904 0.98 47.12859

86.40004 83.62567 0.98 81.95316

63.10394 61.07762 0.98 59.85607

36.33507 35.16832 0.98 34.46496

106.7442 103.3166 0.98 101.2503

4.649764 4.500456 0.98 4.410447

75.51144 75.51144 1 75.51144

20.48909 20.48909 1 20.48909

2.535789 9.905387 0.22 2.179185

4.951039 19.33992 0.22 4.254783

1.355239 5.293881 0.22 1.164654

0.462574 1.806922 0.22 0.397523

0.042102 0.164462 0.22 0.036182

0.080994 0.31638 0.22 0.069604

0.158137 0.617721 0.22 0.135899

1.848755 7.22167 0.22 1.588767

0.891481 3.482334 0.22 0.766113

0.081008 0.316438 0.22 0.069616

31.3679 30.6326 1 30.6326

5.050644 4.932251 1 4.932251

0.978923 0.956117 1 0.956117

0010

0010

87.64552 87.64552 1 87.64552

0010

33.35185 34.48609 1 34.48609

0010
0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010
0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0.082331 0.080605 1 0.080605

0 0 0.6915 0

0.028679 0.027177 1 0.027177

2.205522 2.855709 0.8329 2.37852

0.185335 0.181478 1 0.181478

0.000685 0.000665 1 0.000665

0010

0 0 0.6915 0

0.037313 0.037444 1 0.037444

1.469455 1.879103 0.8329 1.565105

0.037683 0.038364 1 0.038364

0.020838 0.021998 1 0.021998

1.003438 0.950803 1 0.950803

1.484348 1.291906 1 1.291906

4.377917 4.577574 1 4.577574

0.456867 0.450965 1 0.450965

17.37959 18.64356 1 18.64356

28.19255 22.55404 1 22.55404

1.865215 2.11391 1 2.11391

0.981362 1.112211 1 1.112211

81.2862 65.02896 1 65.02896

5.39696 6.116554 1 6.116554

2.814519 3.189788 1 3.189788

0.029523 0.03346 1 0.03346

3.136859 2.509487 1 2.509487

4.520546 4.849313 1 4.849313

5.645943 6.056557 1 6.056557

0.094495 0.101986 1 0.101986

0010

0010

0.496478 0.471957 1 0.471957

1.7082 1.62383 1 1.62383

0.519216 0.493571 1 0.493571

0.24475 0.232662 1 0.232662

0.009536 0.009065 1 0.009065

0010

0010

0010
0010

0010

95.21075 87.84158 1 87.84158

22.83272 23.58313 1 23.58313

22.5094 22.5094 1 22.5094

2.138289 2.163615 1 2.163615

11.85275 11.2777 1 11.2777

12.11418 11.52644 1 11.52644

0010

0010

13.57047 14.29888 1 14.29888

0010

0.03682 0.032435 1 0.032435

0010

6.092488 5.740845 1 5.740845

28.14849 29.69639 1 29.69639

6.310918 6.104671 1 6.104671

0.294509 0.284885 1 0.284885

10.22537 9.891195 1 9.891195

3.912505 3.446499 1 3.446499

21.84419 21.1303 1 21.1303

53.88522 55.65619 1 55.65619

6.10146 5.629216 1 5.629216

163.9571 143.4577 1 143.4577

84.53562 79.58437 0.98 77.99268

28.95975 27.26358 0.98 26.71831

50.35889 47.40937 0.98 46.46118

36.78059 34.62635 0.98 33.93382

21.17816 19.93775 0.98 19.539

62.21665 58.57262 0.98 57.40117

2.710148 2.551415 0.98 2.500387

46.52138 46.52138 1 46.52138

12.623 12.623 1 12.623

1.07928 4.215921 0.22 0.927503

2.107257 8.23144 0.22 1.810917

0.576815 2.253177 0.22 0.495699

0.19688 0.769061 0.22 0.169193

0.01792 0.069998 0.22 0.0154

0.034472 0.134657 0.22 0.029625

0.067306 0.262914 0.22 0.057841

0.786865 3.07368 0.22 0.67621

0.379431 1.482148 0.22 0.326072

0.034479 0.134682 0.22 0.02963

18.97066 18.52597 1 18.52597

3.054526 2.982924 1 2.982924

0.592032 0.57824 1 0.57824

1.554065 1.554065 1 1.554065
2.827569 2.827569 1 2.827569

45.97415 45.97415 1 45.97415

6.12148 6.12148 1 6.12148

20.17052 20.85648 1 20.85648

0010

0010

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0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010
0010

0010

0010

0010

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0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

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3084.353 2985.344 2914.016

1987.173 1934.4 1885.352

1097.18 1050.944 1028.664

231.7928 222.025 217.3181

2218.966 2156.425 2102.67
APPENDIX B2

Area Source Annual Emissions

2007, 2017, 2025

(Provided in Electronic Form Only)

Bureau of Air Quality

Department of Environmental Protection
[This page intentionally left blank.]
APPENDIX B3

Stationary Area Sources

Marcellus Shale Emissions Methodology

Bureau of Air Quality

Department of Environmental Protection
[This page intentionally left blank.]
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activities at the drill pad and compressor engines that pump natural gas through the gathering 

pipelines to a main pipeline. 

Gas processing plants, if present in the area, are included in the stationary source inventory. A 

natural gas processing plant is a facility designed to “clean” raw natural gas by separating 

impurities and various non-methane hydrocarbons and fluids to produce what is known as 

‘pipeline quality’ dry natural gas. A gas processing plant is also used to recover natural gas 

liquids (condensate, natural gasoline and liquefied petroleum gas) and sometimes other 

substances such as sulfur. There are no gas processing plants in the Johnstown Area. 

Drilling Activity 

Table 2 indicates the number of unconventional wells drilled in Cambria and Indiana counties in 

2008-2013.2 Drilling activity has been forecasted to remain fairly constant into the foreseeable 

future across Pennsylvania. 

Table 2: Number of Marcellus Shale Wells Drilled in Cambria and Indiana Counties 

YEAR CAMBRIA INDIANA TOTAL 

2008 0 5 5 

2009 1 6 7 

2010 0 7 7 

2011 1 14 15 

2012 1 2 3 

2013 0 5 5 

Current Compressor Engine Activity 

DEP projected compressor engine emissions from the 2013 Marcellus Shale Inventory that was 

submitted to the Department by natural gas producing companies operating in the state. 

Compressor station engine activity is expected to increase as more wells are drilled and the 

pressure of existing wells diminishes. As pressures at the wellhead decrease, compressor station 

engine activity will increase in order to pump natural gas through the network of pipelines. In 

2013, there were 36 compressor stations in the Johnstown Area. 

In early 2013, the DEP issued a new general permit, General Permit BAQ-GPA/GP-5, Natural 

Gas Compression and/or Processing Facilities (GP-5), which among other requirements, lowers 

the emissions rate for natural gas compressor engines used in pumping natural gas. GP-5 will 

serve to limit emissions because more compressors will be brought online under the more 

stringent GP-5 emission limits. 

Recent stack testing, which owners of compressor engines are required to complete annually and 

the results of which owners are required to submit to DEP, indicate that compressor engines in 

the Johnstown Area are operating below either the new GP-5 emissions limit of 0.5 grams of 

 

2 http://www.depreportingservices.state.pa.us/ReportServer/Pages/ReportViewer.aspx?/Oil_Gas/Wells_Drilled_ 

By_County 
- 3 - 

NOX per horsepower-hour or the Best Available Technology limit under the previous version of 

GP-5 or company-imposed emissions limits. 

Gas Production in the Johnstown Area 

Examination of well production data from 2010 to present in the area indicates natural gas 

production is increasing at a slow rate. Emissions from compressor engines will increase as 

more natural gas is produced. The DEP has received semi-annual gas production reports from 

gas producers for the last three years. It is difficult to project with a large degree of certainty gas 

production ten years from now based on the previous three years’ worth of data given all of the 

factors affecting production. Nevertheless, DEP based future gas production projections on 

growth of gas production from 2010 through mid-2014 in Indiana and Cambria counties. The 

projections are thought to be conservative (i.e., greater than what is likely to occur). It is 

important to note that emission from other source types, especially highway vehicles, have 

declined significantly in the Johnstown Area. Therefore, if conservative emission estimates for 

Marcellus Shale operations are added to the 2017 interim and 2025 maintenance year emissions 

inventories, the emissions in these years will not exceed emissions that occurred in the 

attainment year. DEP will periodically check future gas production numbers against the 

projected gas production in the maintenance plan revision to ensure that the projected emissions 

were not underestimated. 

Tables 3 and 4 display actual and projected well production rates for Cambria and Indiana 

Counties. Figure 2 shows this information graphically. As stated previously, DEP expects that 

well drilling activity will remain constant for the immediate future; gas production is anticipated 

to increase at a constant rate over the next several years, as production has increased over the last 

three years. Semi-annual natural gas production ranged from decreasing 1 million thousand 

cubic feet (Mcf) to increasing 1.5 million Mcf between semi-annual periods. In the most recent 

semi-annual reporting period for which data is available (January-June 2014), production 

decreased by almost 600,000 Mcf over the previous reporting period. Over all of the reporting 

periods, the gas production increased on average by 207,000 Mcf per semi-annual reporting 

period. A semi-annual growth in gas production of 414,000 Mcf was used to project gas 

production to 2017 and 2025. 

Table 3: Well Production in Cambria and Indiana Counties 

Time Range Actual Well 

Production (Mcf) 

January 2010 - June 2010 188,143 

July 2010 - December 2010 984,652 

January 2011 - June 2011 776,705 

July 2011 - December 2011 1,902,280 

January 2012 - June 2012 1,985,842 

July 2012 - December 2012 2,130,840 

January 2013 - June 2013 3,652,123 

July 2013 - December 2013 2,619,983 

January 2014 - June 2014 2,017,475 
- 4 - 

Table 4: Projected Well Production in Cambria and Indiana Counties 

Time Range Projected Well 

Production (Mcf) 

July 2014 - December 2014 2,224,475 

January 2015 - June 2015 2,431,475 

July 2015 - December 2015 2,638,475 

January 2016 - June 2016 2,845,475 

July 2016 - December 2016 3,052,475 

January 2017 - June 2017 3,259,475 

July 2017 - December 2017 3,466,475 

January 2018 - June 2018 3,673,475 

July 2018 - December 2018 3,880,475 

January 2019 - June 2019 4,087,475 

July 2019 - December 2019 4,294,475 

January 2020 - June 2020 4,501,475 

July 2020 - December 2020 4,708,475 

January 2021 - June 2021 4,915,475 

July 2021 - December 2021 5,122,475 

January 2022 - June 2022 5,329,475 

July 2022 - December 2022 5,536,475 

January 2023 - June 2023 5,743,475 

July 2023 - December 2023 5,950,475 

January 2024 - June 2024 6,157,475 

July 2024 - December 2024 6,364,475 

January 2025 - June 2025 6,571,475 

July 2025 - December 2025 6,778,475 
- 5 - 

Figure 2: Natural Gas Production in Cambria and Indiana Counties 

Only five political jurisdictions in Indiana County are included in the PM2.5 nonattainment area. 

Because of the uncertainty of exactly where wells may be located in the future, the Department 

has chosen to project emissions for all of Indiana County, but include emissions in the 

Maintenance Plan based on the percentage of area (not including water) in the nonattainment 

area compared to the total county area. This methodology is similar to the one that the 

Department has used to estimate other area sources for partial counties, although for commercial 

and residential sources, the estimates were based on proportionate population. Approximately 

12 percent of the land area in Indiana County is in the nonattainment area, so 12 percent of 

Indiana County emissions are included in the Maintenance Plan.3 This calculation has been 

performed only after projections were made for all of Indiana County; therefore, only Tables 5 

and 6, as well as Tables 11-14 show emission projections for the Johnstown Nonattainment Area 

(all of Cambria County and part of Indiana County). 

 

3

 2000 U.S. Census TIGER – ARC GIS. Includes land area only (not water). 

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

Mcf

Actual Well Production Projected Well Production
- 6 - 

Future Compressor Engine Activity 

The amount of compressor engine horsepower needed to pump natural gas through a pipeline is 

assumed to be closely proportional to the growth rate in natural gas production. The build-out of 

compressor horsepower may slightly lag in responding to natural gas production because when a 

well is completed a compressor engine may not be needed at first to transport the gas to the main 

pipeline because ample pressure is available at the wellhead. The effect that the lag in the buildout of compressor engines has over estimating emissions diminishes as more natural gas wells 

are producing. Eventually, the effect that the lag has on emission estimates vanishes for each 

well. 

DEP used the 2013 Marcellus Shale Inventory submitted to DEP by natural gas producers for 

compression engines. For other sources of emissions from natural gas production the DEP used 

the 2012 Marcellus Shale Inventory because 2013 emissions were not available.. Therefore, 

growth in emissions were estimated using two sets of growth factors. Growth factors used to 

grow inventory emissions were developed from either a base year of 2012 or 2013. In order to 

estimate the growth rate in natural gas production in Indiana and Cambria counties, the amount 

of projected annual natural gas production in 2017 and 2025 was divided by the actual annual 

natural gas produced in 2012 or 2013 to obtain the growth that will occur in production between 

the end 2012 or 2013 and the end of 2017 and 2025. 

Growth Rate in Productionሺ2012-2017 Indiana-Cambriaሻ = 

Projected 2017 annual gas production

Actual 2012 annual gas production 

4,116,682Mcf

6,725,950 Mcf 

 = 1.63 multiple or 63 percent 

Growth Rate in Productionሺ2012-2025 Indiana-Cambriaሻ = 

Projected 2025 annual gas production

Actual 2012 annual gas production

4,116,682 Mcf

13,349,950 Mcf 

 = 3.24 multiple or 224 percent 

Growth Rate in Productionሺ2013-2017 Indiana-Cambriaሻ = 

Projected 2017 annual gas production

Actual 2013 annual gas production

6,272,106 Mcf

6,725,950 Mcf 

 = 1.07 multiple or 7 percent 
- 7 - 

Growth Rate in Productionሺ2013-2025 Indiana-Cambriaሻ = 

Projected 2025 annual gas production

Actual 2013 annual gas production

6,272,106 Mcf

13,349,950 Mcf 

 = 2.12 multiple or 112 percent 

Tables 5 and 6 summarize compressor engine emissions for the Johnstown Nonattainment Area. 

Table 5: 2017 Projected Compressor Engine Emissions for the Johnstown Area 

County NOX Emissions VOC Emissions PM2.5 Emissions SOX Emissions 

Cambria 15.02 20.55 0.59 0.01 

Indiana 31.67 21.26 0.97 0.04 

Total Emissions 46.69 41.81 1.56 0.06 

Table 6: 2025 Projected Compressor Engine Emissions for the Johnstown Area 

County NOX Emissions VOC Emissions PM2.5 Emissions SOX Emissions 

Cambria 29.75 40.72 1.16 0.02 

Indiana 62.75 42.12 1.92 0.09 

Total Emissions 92.50 82.84 2.08 0.11 

Other Equipment Emissions 

Other equipment at the wells include dehydrators, reboilers, and line heaters. Emissions from 

sources such as component leaks, storage tanks, and truck load-outs were also included. 

Well Drilling 

The number of wells drilled in the Johnstown Area has varied from year to year. Drilling rates in 

this area are very low compared to other areas in the Marcellus Shale play. The Department used 

the number of wells drilled in 2012 to project emissions. Because drilling rates is estimated to be 

constant, the emissions associated with drilling are also constant. That is, emissions shown as 

reported will also be those projected to 2017 and 2025. 

Beginning January 1, 2015, federal regulations (40 CFR, Part 60, Subpart OOOO §60.5375) 

require that each well completion operation with hydraulic fracturing begun prior to January 1, 

2015, or each new well completion operation with hydraulic fracturing begun on or after 

January 1, 2015, must use Reduced Emission Completion or “Green Completion” requirements. 

Green completion essentially requires natural gas companies to capture the gas at the well head 

immediately after well completion instead of releasing it into the atmosphere or flaring it off. 

This will significantly reduce well completion emissions. EPA estimates that VOC emissions 

from hydraulically fractured wells would decrease by 95% as a result of this regulation. 
- 8 - 

Tables 7-10 indicate projected emissions for NOX, VOC, PM and SO2 for Cambria County and 

all of Indiana County. 

Table 7: Projected 2017 and 2025 NOX Emissions Due to Marcellus Shale Drilling Activity 

in Cambria and Indiana Counties (tons per year) 

County SCC SCC Description Data Source 2017 2025 

Cambria 2310000220 

Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill 

Rigs 

2012 Inventory 0.11 0.11 

Cambria 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 15.02 29.76 

Cambria 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.09 0.09 

Cambria 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021500

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Indiana 2310000220 

Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill 

Rigs 

2012 Inventory 29.29 29.29 

Indiana 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 263.93 522.93 

Indiana 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 2.02 2.02 

Indiana 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Indiana 2310021500 Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 2012 Inventory 12.50 12.50 

Indiana 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 
- 9 - 

Table 8: Projected 2017 and 2025 VOC Emissions Due to Marcellus Shale Drilling Activity 

in Cambria and Indiana Counties (tons per year) 

County SCC SCC Description Data Source 2017 2025 

Cambria 2310000220 

Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill 

Rigs 

2012 Inventory 0.01 0.01 

Cambria 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 20.55 40.72 

Cambria 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021310 

On-Shore Gas 

Production/Gas Well 

Pneumatic Pumps 

2012 Inventory 1.74 3.46 

Cambria 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021500

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.17 0.38 

Indiana 2310000220 

Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill 

Rigs 

2012 Inventory 1.18 1.18 

Indiana 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 177.16 351.01 

Indiana 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.11 0.11 

Indiana 2310021310 

On-Shore Gas 

Production/Gas Well 

Pneumatic Pumps 

2012 Inventory 4.97 7.35 

Indiana 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 1.73 3.43 

Indiana 2310021500 Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 2012 Inventory 0.66 0.66 

Indiana 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 13.65 26.86 
- 10 - 

Table 9: Projected 2017 and 2025 PM2.5/PM10 Emissions Due to Marcellus Shale Drilling 

Activity in Cambria and Indiana Counties (tons per year) 

County SCC SCC Description Data Source 2017 2025 

Cambria 2310000220 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill Rigs 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 0.59 1.16 

Cambria 

2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021500

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Indiana 2310000220 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill Rigs 2012 Inventory 0.94 0.94 

Indiana 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 8.10 16.04 

Indiana 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.15 0.15 

Indiana 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Indiana 2310021500 Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 2012 Inventory 0.41 0.41 

Indiana 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 
- 11 - 

Table 10: Projected 2017 and 2025 SOX Emissions Due to Marcellus Shale Drilling Activity 

in Cambria and Indiana Counties (tons per year) 

County SCC SCC Description Data Source 2017 2025 

Cambria 2310000220 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill Rigs 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 0.01 0.02 

Cambria 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021500

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 

2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Cambria 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Indiana 2310000220 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

All Processes / Drill Rigs 2012 Inventory 0.40 0.40 

Indiana 2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

2013 Inventory 0.37 0.72 

Indiana 2310021100 

On-Shore Gas 

Production / Gas Well 

Heaters 

2012 Inventory 0.01 0.01 

Indiana 2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Gas Well Dehydrators 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Indiana 2310021500 Production / Gas Well 

Completion - Flaring 2012 Inventory 0.01 0.01 

Indiana 2310021509 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / 

Fugitives: All Processes 2012 Inventory 0.00 0.00 

Summary 

For the portion of Indiana County included in the Johnstown Area, the maintenance plan 

includes emissions projected for 2017 and 2025 based on the proportion of land area in the 

nonattainment jurisdictions compared to the entire county. This proportion was estimated by 

taking 12 percent of all emissions after emissions were projected for the entire county. 

Tables 11-14 show the emissions in the Johnstown Nonattainment Area. These emissions have 

been added to the area source inventory in the Maintenance Plan. 
- 12 - 

Table 11: NOX Emissions Related to Unconventional Natural Gas Activity in the 

Johnstown Area (tons per year) 

SCC SCC Description 2007 2017 2025 

NOX NOX NOX

2310000220 Oil & Gas Exploration/All 

Processes/Drill Rigs 0.00 3.62 3.62 

2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

0.00 46.69 92.51 

2310021100 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Heaters 0.00 0.33 0.33 

2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / Gas 

Well Dehydrators 0.00 0.00 0.00 

2310021500 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Completion 0.00 1.50 1.50 

2310021509 On-Shore Gas 

Production/Fugitives 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Totals 0.00 52.14 97.96 

Table 12: VOC Emissions Related to Unconventional Natural Gas Activity in the 

Johnstown Area (tons per year) 

SCC SCC Description 2007 2017 2025 

VOC VOC VOC 

2310000220 Oil & Gas Exploration/All 

Processes/Drill Rigs 0.00 0.15 0.15 

2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

0.00 41.81 82.84 

2310021100 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Heaters 0.00 0.01 0.01 

2310021310 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Pneumatic Pumps 0.00 2.49 4.34 

2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / Gas 

Well Dehydrators 0.00 0.21 0.41 

2310021500 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Completion 0.00 0.08 0.08 

2310021509 On-Shore Gas 

Production/Fugitives 0.00 1.80 3.60 

Totals 0.00 46.55 91.43 
- 13 - 

Table 13: PM2.5/PM10 Emissions Related to Unconventional Natural Gas Activity 

in the Johnstown Area (tons per year) 

SCC SCC Description 2007 2017 2025 

PM2.5/PM10 PM2.5/PM10 PM2.5/PM10

2310000220 Oil & Gas Exploration/All 

Processes/Drill Rigs 0.00 0.11 0.11 

2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

0.00 1.56 3.08 

2310021100 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Heaters 0.00 0.02 0.02 

2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / Gas 

Well Dehydrators 0.00 0.00 0.00 

2310021500 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Completion 0.00 0.05 0.05 

2310021509 On-Shore Gas 

Production/Fugitives 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Totals 0.00 1.74 3.26 

Table 14: SOX Emissions Related to Unconventional Natural Gas Activity 

in the Johnstown Area (tons per year) 

SCC SCC Description 2007 2017 2025 

SOX SOX SOX

2310000220 Oil & Gas Exploration/All 

Processes/Drill Rigs 0.00 0.05 0.05 

2310020600 

Oil & Gas Exploration 

Production/Natural Gas 

Compressor Engines and 

Turbines 

0.00 0.05 0.11 

2310021100 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Heaters 0.00 0.00 0.00 

2310021400 Oil & Gas Expl & Prod / Gas 

Well Dehydrators 0.00 0.00 0.00 

2310021500 On-Shore Gas Production/Gas 

Well Completion 0.00 0.00 0.00 

2310021509 On-Shore Gas 

Production/Fugitives 0.00 0.00 0.00 

Totals 0.00 0.10 0.16