G t USAGastemUSADesigningaWaterQualityDesigningQualityesigning a Wate QualityProgramDesigninaWaterualitgQ yProgram3⁄4Goal3⁄4Design3⁄4Challenges3⁄4Limitations3⁄4Future2Lake Otsego, Cooperstown, NYWaterQualityProgramOverviewQualityProgramOverviewFracfluidWaterQualityBaselineWaterTestingWaterQualityMonitoringBaselineWaterTestingEstablishchemicalcompositionofpotentialEstablishtheeffectivenessofBestManagementPracticesEstablishambientwaterqualitypcontaminantsEstablishTracerMonitorambientwaterforpotentialimpactsEstablishintroducedwaterqualityParameter(s)3Goal3⁄4BestManagementPractices3⁄4EnvironmentalStewardshipRossWellSite,Maryland,NYMatsusedtodiminishenvironmentalimpactMiii lifddontoringforpotentampactstosuraceangrounwater4St dD iuyesgnEstablish Area ofEstablish list of analytesInterestto be sampled –WaterQuality Parameters•Dissolved•Calciummethane,propaneandethane•VolatileOrganicCompounds•Glycols•Magnesium•Sodium•Potassium•Iron•Manganese•Glycols•pH•Conductivity•Chloride•Alkalinity•Manganese•Arsenic•Barium•Chromium•Lead•Sulfate•TotalDissolvedSolids•TotalSuspendedSolids•Lithium•Strontium5SolidsD ttocument...documentWriteoutplan3⁄4EstablishDQO,QA/QC3⁄4ResampleresidentialwellsafterhydraulicfractureoftheUticaShaleforwaterqualityparameters3⁄4RESULTS:Comparemonitoringresultstobaselinedatabasedatabasetoseeifgoalsaremet6Ch llaengesSite-specific variability3⁄4addtivesii eDevelopanunderstandingonthespecificadditiveformulationsusedforthespecifictargetfti(M llUti )ormaonsarceus,ca3⁄4baselinewaterqualityCharacterizeregionalwaterqualityregionalqualitySelectchemicaltracer/fingerprint7VariabilityBaselineWaterQualityQualityVariabilityBaselineQualityWellsCharacterizeregion‐widegroundwaterqualityWellsSandandgravelWateraquifertableSaturatedzoneLowyieldfracturedLowpermeabilitytillLow‐yieldfracturedbedrockaquifer8Different water source in aquifer = variable waterqualityS lCh ilieectemcaFingerprint3⁄4Chemicaltracers3⁄4Introducedtracers(UticaShaleStimulation)Flowback=Combinationadditives+dtproducewaer3⁄4Nt lauraTracers(Brine,mercury,lead,arsenic,organicacids,hydrocarbons,polyaromatichydrocarbonsvolatile,andsemi‐volatileorganiccompounds)9I ddi lntroucedChemcaTracersAd tvanages3⁄4Powerfulfingerprint3⁄4Easilyexplained3⁄4AlreadypresentinflowbackDisadvantagesa a age3⁄4SitespecificLookfortrendsinavailableresults3⁄4TediouslookingfordataonflowbackcomponentsFi dtit10FindtimeproventracersTypesofPotentialTracersinShalePotentialTracersflowback•Inorganic•OrganicoHigher ConcentrationsoPotassium & ChloridesgoModest concentrationsoMost less than 1 ppmRESIDENTIALFLOWBACKANALYTESWATERWELLS(before)WATERWELLS(after)ADDITIVESINFLUIDNonX‐VOCNondetect NondetectEthyleneglycol35mg/LSVOCNondetect NondetectAcetone13μg/LX‐VOCsNondetect NondetectChloromethane8.0μg/LPotassium0.27‐0.97mg/L 0.23‐0.98mg/L 61.6mg/L11Chlorides0‐69mg/l 1.1‐84mg/l 5070mg/lSelectingTracersK+Cl‐Efd t tiifi ldaseoeeconneXEaseofdetectioninlb tX XlaboratoryNon‐reactivewithwaterX XLowSorptionX XAvailabilityinFracFluidX XBackgroundinterferenceRoadsaltChlorideFateandTransportextensivelystudied:Conservativetracer(no12retardationreactions,onlyadvectionanddispersion),mostmobile,presentinhighconcentrations.Wh tt?aNex3⁄4Introducedwateranalysis3⁄4Pointofinjectionmixtureanalysis3⁄4Chemicaltransformations,fateandtransportoforganiccompoundsinfracfluid13