NOT FOR PUBLICATION

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT

MANUEL DE JESUS GONZALEZUTZ; MARIA PAULINA GONZALEZSUNUC,

Petitioners,

v.

MERRICK B. GARLAND, Attorney 

General,

Respondent.

No. 23-240

Agency Nos.

A201-448-718

A201-448-717

MEMORANDUM*

On Petition for Review of an Order of the

Board of Immigration Appeals

Submitted March 28, 2024**

Pasadena, California

Before: RAWLINSON, LEE, and BRESS, Circuit Judges.

Manuel De Jesus Gonzalez-Utz (Gonzalez-Utz) and Maria Paulina 

Gonzalez-Sunuc (Gonzalez-Sunuc), natives and citizens of Guatemala, petition for 

* This disposition is not appropriate for publication and is not precedent 

except as provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.

** The panel unanimously concludes this case is suitable for decision 

without oral argument. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2).

FILED

APR 2 2024

MOLLY C. DWYER, CLERK

U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
2

review of a decision of the Board of Immigration Appeals (BIA) dismissing their 

appeal of the finding by an Immigration Judge (IJ) that they were “removable as 

charged.” We have jurisdiction under 8 U.S.C. § 1252, and we deny the petition.

“When the BIA reviews the IJ’s decision de novo, our review is limited to 

the BIA’s decision except to the extent that the IJ’s opinion is expressly adopted.” 

Park v. Garland, 72 F.4th 965, 974 (9th Cir. 2023) (citation and internal quotation 

marks omitted). “But when the BIA appears to have conducted de novo review, 

yet the decision lacks any significant analysis, it suggests that the BIA gave 

significant weight to the IJ’s findings and we look to the IJ’s decision as a guide to 

what lay behind the BIA’s conclusion.” Id. (citation, alteration, and internal 

quotation marks omitted). We review de novo “questions of law” and “claims of 

due process violations in removal proceedings.” Grigoryan v. Barr, 959 F.3d 

1233, 1239 (9th Cir. 2020) (citations, alteration, and internal quotation marks 

omitted). 

1. Petitioners argue that the Forms I-213 and accompanying Forms I-831

were inadmissible because they were not authenticated. We have held that 

“documents may be authenticated in immigration proceedings through any 

recognized procedure, such as those required by INS regulations or by the Federal 

Rules of Civil Procedure.” Vatyan v. Mukasey, 508 F.3d 1179, 1182 (9th Cir. 

2007) (citation and alteration omitted). As the agency explained, Petitioners’ 
3

fingerprints were on the forms and the documents were part of Petitioners’ “A 

File.”

1

 See id. at 1184 (explaining that “the requirement of authentication or 

identification . . . is satisfied by evidence sufficient to support a finding that the 

matter in question is what its proponent claims”) (citation and alteration omitted). 

Petitioners also contend that the admission of the forms violated their

due process rights. To prevail on a due process challenge, Petitioners must 

establish (1) “that the challenged proceeding was so fundamentally unfair that they 

were prevented from reasonably presenting their case” and (2) “[s]ubstantial 

prejudice [which] is established when the outcome of the proceeding may have

been affected by the alleged violation.” Grigoryan, 959 F.3d at 1240 (citations, 

original alterations, and internal quotation marks omitted). Petitioners have not 

established that admission of the forms was fundamentally unfair, or that the 

absence of the forms would have changed the outcome of their proceedings. See 

Sanchez v. Holder, 704 F.3d 1107, 1109 (9th Cir. 2012) (per curiam) (“Admission 

of a Form I-213 is fair absent evidence of coercion or that the statements are not 

those of the petitioner.”) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted).

2. Petitioners assert that the translation provided to Gonzalez-Utz during 

their merits hearing was inadequate and violated Gonzalez-Utz’s due process 

1 The “A File” is a file that includes documentation of one’s immigration 

history. United States v. Medina-Suarez, 30 F.4th 816, 819 (9th Cir. 2022). 
4

rights. Although Petitioners insist that “Mr. Manuel Gonzalez-Utz could not 

understand the nature of the proceedings against him,” the record reflects that

Gonzalez-Utz understood the translator and the nature of the proceedings. 

Additionally, the IJ made several attempts to obtain an interpreter, and assured 

Gonzalez-Utz that the court would “spend as much time as possible” for “as long 

as it takes . . . to make sure that” Gonzalez-Utz understood everything. Petitioners

have not demonstrated that a different translator would have changed the outcome 

of their proceedings. Cf. Perez-Lastor v. I.N.S., 208 F.3d 773, 780-81 (9th Cir. 

2000). Thus, Petitioners failed to establish that the proceedings were 

“fundamentally unfair.” Grigoryan, 959 F.3d at 1240.

3. Petitioners also contend that the IJ violated their due process rights by 

questioning Gonzalez-Utz’s alienage. But the IJ asked about Gonzalez-Utz’s 

alienage solely to “determine the appropriate dialect” for translation purposes. 

Petitioners have not demonstrated that the IJ’s questions “prejudiced [their] 

interest.” Gutierrez v. Holder, 662 F.3d 1083, 1091 (9th Cir. 2011).

4. The IJ did not abuse its discretion in denying a competency hearing 

for Gonzalez-Utz. The record does not reflect that “there [were] indicia of 

incompetence” that required a hearing. Calderon-Rodriguez v. Sessions, 878 F.3d 

1179, 1182 (9th Cir. 2018). 
5

Petition Denied.

2

2 Petitioners also contend that the IJ violated the Settlement Agreement under 

Flores v. Lynch, 828 F.3d 898, 903 (9th Cir. 2016), and that the IJ erroneously 

denied their motion to sever the proceedings. However, Petitioners “failed to 

exhaust the[se] alleged claim-processing violation[s] as required under 8 U.S.C. §

1252(d)(1), [and] we deny this portion of the petition.” Umana-Escobar v. 

Garland, 69 F.4th 544, 550 (9th Cir. 2023), as amended (citations omitted). 

Petitioners’ motion to stay removal, Dkt. 2, is denied. The temporary stay of 

removal shall remain in place until the mandate issues.