GUIDE TO IPM Output FILES 

IPM Base Case v.4.10 

The following information is meant to provide users with a general explanation of the different 

IPM output files that are made web ready and posted to EPA’s website and/or the Transport Rule 

Docket. It refers to the v.4.10 EPA Base Case Model that was designed, developed and tested 

for use in analyzing policy scenarios starting in 2012. It is meant to help users identify and 

interpret the data available in the model input and output files. The IPM v.4.10 documentation 

(available at http://www.epa.gov/airmarkets/progsregs/epa-ipm/index.html) provides more 

comprehensive details regarding the assumptions and methodology used in the model. 

Below is a brief overview of the non-unit level IPM inputs and outputs that are made publically 

available through EPA’s website and/or the Docket. Because the System Summary Report is 

one of the more frequently referenced documents that summarizes many IPM key outputs, it is 

described in further detail in the remainder of this guide. 

Once IPM v.4.10 Files are downloaded and decompressed from EPA’s website or the Docket, 

the unzipped files will contain two folders: “Input and Output Files” & “Parsed Files”. 

Additionally, it will have an Excel spreadsheet that includes “System Summary Report” in the 

title. The “Input and Output Files” folder will have four files within it: A DAT, CAR, RPE, and 

TAC file. 

Input and Output Files 

DAT file: This file will have a "DAT" filename extension, e.g., Base Case.dat. It contains the 

key input set-up data used to define the model run, including the definitions and specifications 

for run years, model regions, model plants, financial parameters, available fuels, and power 

system transmission and operating parameters. 

RPE file: This file will have a "RPE" filename extension, e.g., Base Case 2010.rpe. For each 

model plant, this file shows the projections of fuel consumption, emissions (rates and tonnage), 

capacity, costs (capital, fixed operations and maintenance, and variable operations and 

maintenance), and generation. The model plant results are grouped by model plant type within 

model regions within model run year. Aggregated results are reported (a) for each model region 

differentiated by plant type, (b) for each plant type differentiated by model region, (c) for model 

regions without consideration of plant type, and (d) for plant types without consideration of 

model region. 

CAR file: This file will have a "CAR" filename extension, e.g., Base Case 2006.car. This file 

contains capacity utilization projections for each model plant grouped by model plant type. 

Included are capacity contributed to reserve margins, capacity dispatch, and summer, winter, and 

annual generation, capacity factors, and availabilities. The capacity dispatch column in this file 

indicates the total capacity (in megawatts) that the model plant represents. The average size of a 

unit that the model plant represents is found in the DAT file and is the size used for cost 

assignment (e.g., to determine the applicable economies of scale when retrofitting existing units 

with emission controls). 
TAC file: This file will have a "TAC" filename extension, e.g., Base Case 20106.tac. The file 

contains annual production costs for each model plant grouped by model plant type. For each 

model plant, total and rate-based capital, fixed operations and maintenance (FOM), variable 

operation and maintenance (VOM), and fuel costs are shown. The variable costs reported for 

model plants in this file can provide insights into why the utilization rates reported for some 

plants in the CAR file are higher than those of other model plants in the same region. The DAT, 

RPE, CAR, and TAC files can be reviewed using a text viewer or text editor such as WordPad. 

System Summary Report 

System Summary Report: These outputs are available in either spreadsheet or PDF document 

format, e.g., Base Case 2010.xls and Base Case 2010.pdf. It contains system-wide power sector 

results for the lower continental U.S. for each run year. It reports forecasted generation, 

capacity, capacity additions, capacity factors, production costs, emissions, fuel consumption & 

cost, and allowance prices by model run year. Disaggregation of system-wide data to plant type 

data is provided for generation and capacity fields. The plant types are categorized based on fuel 

used (e.g., coal, oil/gas, nuclear, hydro), combustion technology (e.g., turbine, combined cycle 

gas), control technology (e.g., scrubber, post-combustion NOx control), and retrofit structure 

(e.g., coal plant with existing SNCR retrofit with ACI). In addition to providing the above 

outputs forecasted for each model run year, it also gives information on the various regulatory 

and legal requirements that were inputted into the model as constraints. Below is a more detailed 

explanation of each worksheet in the System Summary Report.
Description of Worksheets and Data within the System Summary Report File 

System Summary Report: When the Excel File is opened, it will contain four worksheets 

1. “Summary” worksheet 2. “All Constraints” worksheet 3. “Fuel Report” worksheet 4. “Tables 1-16” worksheet 

Summary Worksheet: The summary worksheet in the system summary file highlights some of the key data point

output, and is intended to be an ideal starting point for assessing fundamental environmental and operational projsector in any given IPM run. For first time users, it is one of the more user friendly documents from which to vieAppendix 1-1 for description of fields included in the “Summary” worksheet. All Constraints: The “All Constraints” worksheet in the System Summary Report provides information on vario

requirements and how they are captured in the model. Each constraint typically involves a “standard” that is imp

an emission limit, emission rate limit, or generation limit. The constraint can be applied at the unit, plant, system

national level. The constraints also include a time dimension and may vary between model run years. Each consworksheet provides information on the impact of the “standard” on the effected unit(s). These impacts are modethe form of emissions, emission rates, and/or generation that occur under the given “standard” in a particular mod

constraints that represent cap-and-trade programs with banking, the IPM data indicates additions and withdraws 

bank and allowance price by year. There are nearly 1000 constraints in the IPM V.4.10 Base Case, and the total 

beyond a thousand for the modeling of certain policy scenarios. An example of a constraint would be “Constrain

– SO2 Constraint v.4.0” which captures the Emission limits imposed on coal units by the Acid Rain Program. Ta total “standard” that reflects the Title IV SO2 allowances available to units in a given model run year. Below i

illustrates the typical format of a constraint in the “All Constraints” worksheet, along with an explanation of each table 2-1 provides a comprehensive list of legal and policy requirements that are reflected in the model thr

constraints.

Description of Constraint Level Data Fields 

Row Title Description Constraint Name: #1 - Title IV - SO2 Constraint v4.0 Provides information on legal or policy constraint being modeled. 
Constraint Type: Rate Cap [MTons] 

Provides information on constraint type that is being modeled (e.g., generation

= thousand tons (emission limit); "GWh" = gigawatt hours (generation limit); million btus (rate limit). 

Run Year, Seasons Included: 2012 WINTER SUMMER Run Year, Seasons Included: 2015 WINTER SUMMER Run Year, Seasons Included: 2020 WINTER SUMMER Run Year, Seasons Included: 2025 WINTER SUMMER Run Year, Seasons Included: 2032 WINTER SUMMER 

Shows model run year for the output and indicates if the constraint was appliegeneration, or both. Winter months include October through April. Summer September. 

Time Base: Seasonal/Annual 

Shows calendar years mapped to each model run year. Indicates year range to applied. 

Standard - [MTon] 

This row provides the value of the constraint being inputted into the model. It key interest in the “All Constraints” worksheet. 

-Emissions at Affected Plants [MTons] -Less Allowances Purchased [MTons] SO2 -Plus Allowances Sold [MTons] SO2 -Plus Allowances Banked [MTons] -Less Allowances Withdrawn (1:1) [MTons] -Less Allowances Withdrawn (n:1) [MTons] Total [MTons] 

Model output of collective emission at plants affected by "standard" as well as activity supporting the emission level. 

TBtu Consumed Tbtu=trillion btu. Model output of fuel consumption for affected units. Rate - [lb/MMBtu] Model output of emission rate for effected units. "lbs/Mmbtu" = pounds per aTWh Generated Electricity generated by units subject to the "standard" limit. TWh = TerawatTWh Generated Qualifying Rate - [lb/MWh] Rate for affected units. Lb/MWh = pound per Megawatt hour. Constraint Shadow Price [US$/Ton] 

If the "standard" is an emission limit (i.e., cap) in a trading program, the constthe $ per ton value of allowances in that trading program. Commonly called t

Fuel Report: The “Fuel Report” worksheet provides consumption and cost data for major power sector fuel sour

run year. These fuels include coal, nuclear, natural gas, biomass, pet.coke (petroleum coke), natural gas, biomasFor each fuel type the total consumption is given in TBtus (trillion Btus). Cost is provided in both MMUS$ (mil
and US$/MMBtu (U.S. dollar per million Btus). Appendix 3-1 provides an example of the “fuel report” from the 

Case. Tables 1-16: The “Tables 1-16” worksheet in the System Summary Report provides information on controls, gen

and cost. The information in these tables is often the disaggregated value of the totals reported in the “Summaryinterested in better understanding the details behind the totals given in the “Summary” worksheet may wish to coFor example, the “Summary” worksheet provides the total amount of generation from coal in a given model run 

“Tables 1-16” worksheet goes one step further and provides data on the portion of that generation total coming fr

no pollution control and the portion coming from plants with specific pollution control configurations. In particuthrough14 provide generation and capacity data at the model plant level. Tables 1–9 provide generation supply a

U.S. region wide level. The table below describes the data output reported in each table, and Appendix 4-1 provon the acronyms, and nomenclature used in the data fields. 

Description Tables in “Tables 1-16” Worksheet 

Table # Title Description 

1 Reserve Margin Capacity Winter (MW) Shows total electric generating capacity available to the U.S. region during winter period. Available supply of electricity in megawatts (MW). 2 Peak Load Winter (MW) Shows total electricity demand during winter period by the U.S. region. Capacity reported in megawatts (MW). 3 Reserve Margin Winter (%) Shows excess winter capacity supply as percentage of demand using total values reported from Tables 1 & 2. (supply - demand)/demand. 1 Reserve Margin Capacity summer (MW) Shows total electric generating capacity available to U.S. region during summer period. Available supply of electricity in megawatts (MW). 2 Peak Load summer (MW) Shows total electricity demand during summer period by the U.S. region. Capacity reported in megawatts (MW). 3 Reserve Margin summer (%) Shows excess summer capacity as percentage of demand using total values reported from Tables 1 & 2. 4 Generation (GWh) Gigawatt hours (GWh) of annual electricity that is produced domestically, imported, exported, and lost during pumping and storage. 5 Total Supply for Demand (GWh) Gigawatt hours (GWh) of annual electricity generation supplied to the U.S. region. Summation of values in Table 4. 6 Projected Demand (GWh) Gigawatt hours (GWh) of annual projected demand and projected net demand. 7 Dumped Energy Typically not referenced. 8 Total Supply for Demand (GWh) Gigawatt hours (GWh) of annual electricity supply before taking transmission and distribution losses (T&D losses) into account. 9 Total Sales (GWh) Gigawatt hours (GWh) of annual electricity supply determined by subtracting projected transmission & demand losses from total supply. 
10 Capacity by plant type 

Cumulative capacity (MW) of model plant types for each model run year. The model run plants are categorized by the unit’s fuel, configuration, and online status (e.g., new, existing, retiring). Each control configuration combination is modeled as a separate plant type. The total capacity, retrofit capacity, new unit capacity, and retiring unit capacity values given in the summary table are disaggregated into model plant types in this table. Key difference between table 10 & 11 is that 10 is cumulative and 11 is incremental. Therefore, table 10 will show model plant capacity by a given year, and table 11 will show model plant capacity added during that run year. 

11 Capacity Additions and Changes 

Incremental capacity (MW) of model plant types for each model run year. The model run plants are categorized by the unit’s fuel, configuration, and online status (e.g., new, existing, retiring). 

Each control configuration combination is modeled as a separate plant type. The total capacity, retrofit capacity, new unit capacity, and retiring unit capacity values given in the summary table 

are disaggregated into model plant types in this table. 

12 Generation by Plant Type (GWh) 

Cumulative generation (GWh) of model plant types for each model run year. The model run plants are categorized by the unit’s fuel, configuration, and online status (e.g., new, existing, retiring). Each control configuration combination is modeled as a separate plant type. The total generation by each plant type given in the summary table is disaggregated into model plant type generation in this table. 

12a Generation by Fuel Type (GWh) Total gigawatt hours (GWh) of generation in each model run year by fuel type. Aggregation of the model plants pertaining to each fuel in table 12. 

13 Generation by Plant Type (Tbtu) 

Cumulative generation measured in Trillion btus (Tbtu) of model plant types for each model run year. The data corresponds to generation values given in Table 12, but is expressed in TBtus to provide the heat content of the power generated. Conversion factor of approximately 3,412 Btu/KWh is used. 

14 Capacity factor by Plant Type (%) 

Capacity factor for each model plant type. Capacity factor is the actual generation expressed as a percentage of maximum generation possible if the plant was operated every hour of the year. Therefore, it is the generation / (capacity*8760). Generally, the model does not allow for 100% capacity factors because of maintenance, planned outage, and forced outage times. Intermittent generation sources (i.e., wind) also have their capacity factor limited by the availability of their fuel source. 
15 Total Annual Production Cost 

Provides total production cost in million U.S. dollar units (MMUS$) for each model run year. The production costs are disaggregated into variable operating and maintenance (variable O&M), fixed O&M, fuel, capital, and CO2 transportation and storage cost. 

16 Emissions 

Provides total annual U.S. emissions for each model run year for several hazardous, criteria, and green house gas pollutants. Emission totals are expressed in 1000 tons (Mtons); 1,000,000 tons (Mmtons), or regular tons. All tons are short tons (2000 lbs/ton) unless otherwise noted. 
APPENDIX 

Appendix 1-1: Description of Data Fields in “Summary” Worksheet 

Row # Row Title Description of Field 

1 2 

EPA IPM Run Results 

3 All costs and prices are in 2007-year dollars Provides year to which all cost and prices within the summary report are index4 NATIONWIDE EMISSIONS 5 SO2 (million tons) 6 NOx (million tons) 7 CO2 (million metric tons) 8 Hg (tons) 

Provides nationwide total emissions from EGUs for given run years in short tootherwise noted. 

9 

10 

TOTAL COSTS 

11 

Total Costs (billion $) 

Provides the total cost of electricity generation to meet demand in given year uregulatory, and policy constraints. Values are given in billion dollar units and 

12 13 PRICES Gives the prices for various fuel and emission commodities relevant to the pow14 

National Wholesale Electricity Price (mills/kWh) 

For wholesale electricity prices in “mills/Kwh”. 1 mill = 1/10 of a cent. Therefto $.01/Kwh. 

15 Natural Gas Prices (2007 $/MMBtu) "Mmbtu" = million btus. 16 

Henry Hub 

Price at Henry Hub. Henry Hub is a gas pipeline in Louisiana that serves as a gpoint for U.S. natural gas trading data due to its central location giving shippersoutheast, midwest, and northeast regions. 

17 Delivered Delivered price of gas. Reflects seasonal and transportation cost adders. 18 Minemouth Coal Prices (2007 $/MMBtu) 19 Appalachia 20 Imports 21 Interior 22 Waste Coal 23 West 

Provides endogenously determined minemouth coal prices. "Mmbtu" = million 

of coal regions. National price is weighted average of regional coal prices. 
24 National 

25 26 Emission Allowance Prices ($/ton) 27 SO2 Region 1 (TR) 28 SO2 Region 2 (TR) 29 SO2 (Title IV) 30 NOx Annual (TR) 31 NOx Ozone Season (TR) 32 CO2 ($/metric ton) 

Provides emission allowance price for pollutants under that program. Unless odollar per short ton (2000 lbs). SO2 region 1 (TR) indicates the group of Statea 2014 and beyond budget based on SO2 reductions projected to be cost-effectStates include Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. SO2 and beyond budgets that remain equal to the 2012 budgets. These States includDelaware, Florida, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, Ne

33 34 EMISSION CONSTRAINTS (Mtons) 35 SO2 Region 1 (TR) 36 SO2 Region 2 (TR) 37 SO2 (Title IV) 38 NOx Annual (TR) 39 NOx Ozone Season (TR) 40 CO2 (metric ton) 

Provides total emissions limits for electric generating units (EGUs) affected by 1000 tons. Tons listed are short tons, unless otherwise specified. "TR" = Tranemission limits related to the collective budget and variability limits laid out in include Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri, New YPennsylvania, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia and Wisconsin. SO2 Region beyond budgets that remain equal to the 2012 budgets. These States include AlFlorida, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey & 

41 42 TOTAL CAPACITY (Cumulative GW) 43 Hydro 44 Non-Hydro Renewables 45 

 Biomass 

46 

 Other 

47 

 Wind 

48 Coal 49 

 PC 

50 

 Advanced Coal with CCS 

51 

 IGCC 

52 New Future Technology 

Provides the cumulative gigawatts of generating capacity by plant type forecasyear. It reflects ((existing units + new units) – retiring units) for that generatioobtained from the previous model run year. Total is the aggregate electricity g

Abbreviations: PC = pulverized coal; IGCC = integrated gasification combined gasification combined cycle with carbon capture and storage; CC = combined c
53 Nuclear 

54 Natural Gas 55 

 CC 

56 

 CT 

57 Oil/Gas Steam 58 Other 59 Grand Total 60 61 NEW CAPACITY (Cumulative GW) 62 Non-Hydro Renewables 63 

 Biomass 

64 

 Other 

65 

 Wind 

66 Coal 67 

 PC 

68 

 Advanced Coal with CCS 

69 

 IGCC 

70 New Future Technology 71 Nuclear 72 Natural Gas 73 

 CC 

74 

 CT 

75 Other 76 Grand Total 

Provides the cumulative gigawatts of new capacity by plant type expected to co(i.e., total capacity - existing capacity). New capacity is determined endogenouare not currently listed in the National Electric Energy Data Source (NEEDs). coal; IGCC = integrated gasification combined cycle; IGCC-CCS = integrated with carbon capture and storage; CC = combined cycle; CT = combustion turb

77 78 RETIREMENTS (GW) 79 Advanced Coal Retirement 80 CC Retirements 81 Coal Retirements 

Provides the cumulative gigawatts of retirements by plant type that occur after Reflects cumulative retirements that have occurred between 2012 and model rupulverized coal; IGCC = integrated gasification combined cycle; IGCC-CCS = combined cycle with carbon capture and storage; CC = combined cycle; CT = oil/gas steam. In some cases, retirements may also reflect retirements that are r(e.g., consent decree). 
82 CT Retirements 

83 Nuclear Retirements 84 O/G Retirements 85 Grand Total 86 87 GENERATION MIX (thousand GWh) 88 Hydro 89 Non-Hydro Renewables 90 

 Wind 

91 

 Biomass Co-firing 

92 Coal 93 

 PC 

94 

 Advanced Coal with CCS 

95 

 Biomass 

96 

 Other 

97 

 IGCC 

98 New Future Technology 99 Nuclear 

100 Natural Gas 101 

 CC 

102 

 CT 

103 Oil/Gas Steam 104 Other 105 Grand Total 

Provides the annual generation forecasted for a given model run year by a parti

data is given in units of 1000 gigawatt hours. The total value reflects total elecgrid. Abbreviations: PC = pulverized coal; IGCC = integrated gasification comintegrated gasification combined cycle with carbon capture and storage; CC = combustion turbine; O/G = oil/gas steam. 

106 107 TOTAL CONTROLS (Cumulative GW) Provides total gigawatts of a particular type of control technology at coal-fired 108 

FGD 

Provides total gigawatt of units with Flue Gas Desulfurization technology (FGDused for removing SO2 from coal fired power plants. Also referred to as a "scrsummation of existing scrubbers, retrofit scrubbers, and all new pulverized coahave scrubber technology installed. 
109 Existing FGD 

110 Existing Wet FGD 111 Existing Dry FGD 

Provides total gigawatt of capacity with existing FGD prior to first model run yFGDs that are exogenous to the model and in place prior to retrofits and new uWet FGD refers to limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) or Magnewsium EnhancDry FGD refers to Lime Spray Dryer (LSD) technology. 

112 Non-Disapatchable FGD 113 Retrofit Wet FGD 114 Retrofit Dry FGD 

Provides gigawatts of non-dispatchable FGD retrofits for a given model run yerefers to a FGD retrofit that is installed at a unit and must be run for complianctrading programs like the Acid Rain Program or have other continuous mandatsettlement). 

115 Disapatchable FGD 116 Retrofit Wet FGD 117 

 Retrofit Dry FGD 

Provides gigawatts of dispatchable FGD retrofits for a given model run year. Dthat is already installed at a unit, but was potentially bypassed or not fully operincentive prior to model run year. "Dispatchable" retrofits are assumed to have because they are already installed. The values given here depict existing FGDs 

plants that would otherwise remain "turned off". 

118 New FGD 119 New Wet FGD 120 New Dry FGD 

Refers to cumulative GW of new FGDs online by a given model run year. Corcumulative new pulverized coal capacity expected for a given model run year. pulverized coal has FGD controls. 

121 

SCR 

Provides total gigawatts of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) online by a givretrofits + new units). SCRs are primarily used as a post-combustion technologemissions at power plants. 

122 

 Existing SCR 

Provides total gigawatts of SCR that were online prior to 2012 and included in SCRs are exogenous to the model. 

123 

 Non-Disapatchable SCR 

Refers to cumulative gigawatts of capacity retrofitted with non-dispatchable SCNon-dispatchable refers to controls that must be continuously run due to a man(e.g., NSR settlements or other pre-existing requirements). 

124 

 Disapatchable SCR 

Refers to cumulative gigawatts of capacity retrofitted with dispatchable SCR bDispatchable SCR retrofits refers to those SCRs that are installed at power pla

to model run year due to lack of economic incentive. They are assumed to havmodel. The values given here depict existing SCRs being "turned on" at power 

remain "turned off". 

125 

 New SCR 

Refers to the cumulative gigawatts of new SCRs (non-retrofits) that have come year. Corresponds to capacity of new coal units that is forecasted, as all new c

126 

SNCR 

Provides total cumulative gigawatts of Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNa given model run year. Summation of existing, retrofit, and new SNCR. SNCtechnology for reducing NOx from power plant emissions. 

127 

 Existing SNCR 

Provides total gigawatts of SNCR that was online prior to 2012 and included in modeling input. These SNCRs are exogenous to the model. 

128 

 Retrofit SNCR 

Refers to cumulative gigawatts of capacity that is retrofitted with SNCR by a gcapacity of units that are retrofitted with SNCR post 2011. These are model prto the model. 
129 New SNCR Provides cumulative GW of capacity of new units that are coming online with 

130 

ACI 

Provides cumulative GW of generating capacity that has Activated Carbon Injeexisting, retrofits, and new ACI. ACI is technology for reducing Mercury (Hg

131 

 Existing ACI 

Provides total gigawatts of ACI that is online prior to 2012 and included in the capacity is exogenous to the model. 

132 

 Retrofit ACI 

Provides cumulative gigawatts of generating capacity that is retrofitted with ACmodel run year. These are model projections, and therefore endogenous to the 

133 

 New ACI 

Provides cumulative gigawatts of new units that are coming online with ACI teendogenous to the model. 

134 

CCS 

Provides cumulative gigawatts of generating capacity that has Carbon Capture installed by a given model run year. Is a summation of existing, retrofit, and n

135 

 Hardwired CCS 

Provides total gigawatts of existing CCS that is online prior to 2012 and includNEEDs inventory. This is exogenous to the model. 

136 

 Retrofit CCS 

Provides total cumulative gigawatts of capacity that is retrofitted with CCS pos

run year. Is endogenous to the model. 

137 

 New CCS 

Provides cumulative gigawatts of new units that are coming online with CCS tegiven model run year. 

138 139 

NON-DISPATCHABLE RETROFITS (Cumulative GW) 

Provides total cumulative gigawatts of capacity that is retrofitted with a given tgiven model run year. These are non-dispatchable retrofits which means their 

model and they are installed at the power plant post 2011. 

140 

FGD Cumulative gigawatts of non-dispatchable Flue Gas Desulfurization. 

141 

SCR Cumulative gigawatts of non-dispatchable Selective Catalytic Reduction retrof

142 

SNCR Cumulative gigawatts of non-dispatchable Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction r

143 

ACI Cumulative gigawatts of non-dispatchable Activated Carbon Injection retrofits

144 

CCS Cumulative gigawatts of non-dispatchable Carbon Capture & Storage retrofits. 

145 146 

DISPATCHABLE RETROFITS (Cumulative GW) 

Provides total cumulative gigawatts of capacity that is retrofitted with a given tgiven model run year. These are dispatchable retrofits, which implies they wer

2011, but previously lacked economic incentive to operate. Their capital costs 

147 

DFGD Cumulative gigawatts of Dispatchable Flue Gas Desulfurization retrofits. 

148 

DSCR Cumulative gigawatts of Dispatchable Selective Catalytic Reduction retrofits. 

149 150 TOTAL CONTROLS IN NEEDS Reflects cumulative gigatwatts of capacity that has control installed by a given 
151 FGD 

152 SCR 153 SNCR 

reflective of controls at all fossil-fired units. 

154 155 FUEL SUPPLY AND CONSUMPTION Provides Coal and Gas supply and consumption for given model run years. 156 Coal Use by Region (million tons) Provides total coal use in million tons by power and non-power sector for given 157 Power Sector Provides total coal use in million tons by power sector for given model run yea158 Appalachia Provides total coal supply for power sector that comes from Appalachia coal re159 Imports Provided total coal supply for power sector that comes from Imports. 160 Interior Provides total coal supply for power sector that comes from Interior Region. 161 Waste Coal Provides total coal supply for power sector that comes from Waste Coal. 162 West Provides total coal supply for power sector that comes from the West Region. 163 Non-Power Sector Provides total coal use in million tons for the non-power sector. 164 Appalachia Provides total coal use for non-power sector that comes for Appalachia region. 165 Interior Provides total coal use for non-power sector that comes from Interior Region. 166 West Provides total coal use for non-power sector that comes from West Region. 167 Power Sector Coal Use by Rank (TBtu) Provides total coal supply to power sector in trillion Btus (Tbtu). 168 Bituminous Provides total bituminous coal supply to power sector in trillion Btus (Tbtu). 169 Subbituminous Provides total subbituminou coal supply to power sector in trillion Btus (Tbtu)170 Lignite Provides total lignite coal supply to power sector in trillion Btus (Tbtu). 171 172 Natural Gas Use (Tcf) Total natural gas use by power and non-power sectors in trillion cubic feet (Tcf
Appendix 2-1: Summary of legal and regulatory requirements considered in the IPM v.4.10 Base Case 

NSR Settlements State Settlements Citizen Suits State Rules Regional/National Programs Alabama Power AES SWEPCO Alabama Title IV Acid Rain Program Minnkota Power Niagra Mohawk Power Allegheny Energy Arizona Regional Green House Gas IniSIGECO Public Service Co of New Mexico Wisconsin Public Service Corp. California Pacific Northwest PSEG Fossil Public Service Co of Colorado University of Wisconsin Colorado Nox SIP Call TECO TVA Tucson Electric Power Delaware Western Regional Air PartnersWEPCO Rochester Gas & Electric Georgia VEPCO Mirant-New York Illinois Santee Cooper Louisiana Ohio Edison Maine Mirant Maryland Illinois Power Massachusetts Kentucky Utilities Company Michigan Salt River Project Minnesota American Electric Power (AEP) Missouri Eastern Kentucky Power Cooperative Montana Nevada Power 

New Hampshire 

Dayton Power and Light New Jersey Puerto Rico Power New York Westar Energy North Carolina Duke Energy Oregon  Pennsylvania  Tennessee  Texas  Utah  Washington  West Virginia  Wisconsin 
APPENDIX 3 

Appendix 3-1: Example of “Fuel Report” worksheet in System Summary Report File 

Fuel Consumption by Fueland FuelType [TBtu] Fuel 2012 2015 2020 2025 2032 Coal 22523.2 24259.8 26175.3 27009.4 29400.3 Nuclear 8322.9 8138.5 8203.2 8258.5 8515.4 Natural Gas 5666.2 4792.6 4316.2 4915.4 5065.2 Biomass 501.5 765.1 1193.5 1364.3 1416.9 Pet. Coke 193.6 190.3 190.9 188.8 188.8 Waste Coal 163.9 157.5 158.4 158.7 158.8 Oil 253 162.5 150.4 83.1 50.2 Fuel Costs by Fuel and Fuel Type[MMUS$] Fuel 2012 2015 2020 2025 2032 Coal 35871.9 37904.9 40446.9 41834.7 47769.9 Nuclear 5791.9 5663.6 6086.8 6325.2 6400.2 Natural Gas 37254.2 29201.6 26979.3 28874.4 31609.6 Biomass 1014.7 1614.7 2714.5 3236.2 3414.3 Pet. Coke 258.6 254.2 255 252.1 252.2 Waste Coal 220.3 206.2 206.3 207.2 216.3 Oil 1404.1 811.6 784.4 465.4 284.9 Fuel Costs by Fuel and Fuel Type[US$/MMBtu] Fuel 2012 2015 2020 2025 2032 Coal 1.59 1.56 1.55 1.55 1.62 Nuclear 0.7 0.7 0.74 0.77 0.75 Natural Gas 6.57 6.09 6.25 5.87 6.24 Biomass 2.02 2.11 2.27 2.37 2.41 Pet. Coke 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 Waste Coal 1.34 1.31 1.3 1.31 1.36 Oil 5.55 4.99 5.22 5.6 5.68 
APPENDIX 4 

Appendix 4-1: Explanation of Model Plant Nomenclature The field headers given in each row of Tables 10-14 represent model plants. The model plant types are different

(e.g., coal, oil/gas, nuclear, hydro), combustion technology (e.g., turbine, combined cycle gas), control technologpost-combustion NOx control), online status (e.g., new, existing, or retiring) and retrofit structure (e.g., coal planretrofit with ACI). It is helpful in understanding the nomenclature of model plants to recognize the significance 

and “&” usage in the title. “Ret.” suggests that the model plant is receiving a retrofit in or by the given run year. 

label that immediately follows the “ret.” designation, then every control listed is a retrofit on a unit without any p

emission controls. The indicated controls come online post 2011 and are endogenous to the model. 

If there is an “exist” that follows “ret.” then each control listed after the “exist” and before the first ampersand (&

control (online prior to 2012 and exogenous to the model) and everything after the “&” is a retrofit that is added 

the model run year given. To illustrate the difference, let’s look at plant types with the same controls shown but 

absent and when the word “Exist” is present, there will be variants in the placement of the first ampersand (&): 

Plant Type ID # Description Ret.ACI & SCR & WetFGD & CCS 64 Retrofit ACI, SCR, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal StRet.ExistACI & SCR & WetFGD & CCS 77 Retrofit SCR, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam wRet.ExistSCR_ACI & WetFGD & CCS 108 Retrofit CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCRet.ExistSCR_WFGD_ACI & CCS 112 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR, ACI and WRet.ExistWetFGD & ACI & SCR & CCS 130 Retrofit ACI, SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with WRet.ExistWetFGD_ACI & SCR & CCS 138 Retrofit SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with ACI anRet.ExistWetFGD_SCR & ACI & CCS 139 Retrofit ACI and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR an

Appendix 4-2: Comprehensive list of Model Plant Types 

Key to EPA Base Case v.4.10 Plant Types 
Plant Type 

ID 

# Description 

New Biomass 1 New Biomass New Advanced Coal with CCS 2 New IGCC with Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) New Combined Cycle 3 New Combined Cycle New Combined Cycle - Uncontrolled 4 New Combined Cycle - Uncontrolled New Combustion Turbine 5 New Combustion Turbine New Fuel Cell 6 New Fuel Cell New Future Technology 7 New Future Technology New Geothermal 8 New Geothermal New Hydro 9 New Hydro New IGCC 10 New IGCC New Landfill Gas 11 New Landfill Gas New Nuclear 12 New Nuclear New Offshore Wind 13 New Offshore Wind New Onshore Wind 14 New Onshore Wind New Solar PV 15 New Solar Photovoltaic New Solar Thermal 16 New Solar Thermal New SPC - Uncontrolled 17 New Supercritical Coal Uncontrolled New SPC-DryFGD_SCR_ACI 18 New Supercritical Coal with SCR, ACI and Dry FGD New SPC-WetFGD_SCR 19 New Supercritical Coal with SCR and Wet FGD Exist Biomass 20 Existing Biomass Exist Coal Steam_ACI 21 Existing Coal Steam with ACI Exist Coal Steam_DryFGD 22 Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Exist Coal Steam_DryFGD_ACI 23 Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Dry FGD Exist Coal Steam_DryFGD_SCR 24 Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Dry FGD Exist Coal Steam_DryFGD_SCR_ACI 25 Existing Coal Steam with SCR, ACI and Dry FGD Exist Coal Steam_DryFGD_SNCR 26 Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Dry FGD Exist Coal Steam_DryFGD_SNCR_ACI 27 Existing Coal Steam with ACI, SNCR and Dry FGD Exist Coal Steam_SCR 28 Existing Coal Steam with SCR Exist Coal Steam_SCR_ACI 29 Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI Exist Coal Steam_SNCR 30 Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Exist Coal Steam_SNCR_ACI 31 Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and ACI Exist Coal Steam_Uncontrolled 32 Existing Coal Steam Uncontrolled Exist Coal Steam_WetFGD 33 Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Exist Coal Steam_WetFGD_ACI 34 Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Wet FGD Exist Coal Steam_WetFGD_SCR 35 Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Wet FGD 
Exist Coal Steam_WetFGD_SCR_ACI 36 Existing Coal Steam with SCR, ACI and Wet FGD 

Exist Coal Steam_WetFGD_SNCR 37 Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Wet FGD Exist Combined Cycle 38 Existing Combined Cycle Exist Combustion Turbine 39 Existing Combustion Turbine Exist FBC_DryFGD 40 Existing Fluidized Bed Combustion with Dry FGD Exist FBC_DryFGD_SNCR 41 Existing Fluidized Bed Combustion with SNCR and Dry FGD Exist FBC_SNCR 42 Existing Fluidized Bed Combustion with SNCR Exist FBC_Uncontrolled 43 Existing Fluidized Bed Combustion Uncontrolled Exist Fossil_Other 44 Existing Fossil Other Exist Fuel Cell 45 Existing Fuel Cell Exist Geothermal 46 Existing Geothermal Exist Hydro 47 Existing Hydro Exist IGCC 48 Existing IGCC Exist Landfill Gas 49 Existing Landfill Gas Exist Non Fossil_Other 50 Existing Non Fossil Other Exist Nuclear 51 Existing Nuclear Exist Oil/Gas Steam 52 Existing Oil/Gas Steam Exist Oil/Gas Steam_SCR 53 Existing Oil/Gas Steam with SCR Exist Oil/Gas Steam_SNCR 54 Existing Oil/Gas Steam with SNCR Exist Pump Storage 55 Existing Pump Storage Exist Solar PV 56 Existing Solar Photovoltaic Exist Solar Thermal 57 Existing Solar Thermal Exist Wind 58 Existing Wind International Imports 59 International Imports Ret.ACI 60 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & DryFGD 61 Retrofit ACI and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & SCR 62 Retrofit ACI and SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & SCR & DryFGD & CCS 63 Retrofit ACI, SCR, CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & SCR & WetFGD & CCS 64 Retrofit ACI, SCR, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & SNCR 65 Retrofit ACI and SNCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & WetFGD 66 Retrofit ACI and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.CCS 67 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DryFGD 68 Retrofit Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DryFGD & ACI & CCS 69 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DryFGD & CCS 70 Retrofit CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ExistACI & DryFGD 71 Retrofit Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI 
Ret.ExistACI & DryFGD & CCS 72 Retrofit CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI 

Ret.ExistACI & SCR 73 Retrofit SCR on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SCR & DryFGD 74 Retrofit SCR and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SCR & DryFGD & CCS 75 Retrofit SCR, CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SCR & WetFGD 76 Retrofit SCR and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SCR & WetFGD & CCS 77 Retrofit SCR, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SNCR 78 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SNCR & DryFGD 79 Retrofit SNCR and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SNCR & WetFGD 80 Retrofit SNCR and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & WetFGD 81 Retrofit Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & WetFGD & CCS 82 Retrofit CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistDryFGD & ACI 83 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & ACI & CCS 84 Retrofit ACI and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & ACI & SCR 85 Retrofit ACI and SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & ACI & SCR & CCS 86 Retrofit ACI, SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & ACI & SNCR 87 Retrofit ACI and SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & CCS 88 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & SCR 89 Retrofit SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & SCR & CCS 90 Retrofit SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & SNCR 91 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_ACI & CCS 92 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_ACI & SCR 93 Retrofit SCR on Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_ACI & SCR & CCS 94 Retrofit SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_SCR & ACI & CCS 95 Retrofit ACI and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_SCR & CCS 96 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Dry FGD Ret.ExistSCR & ACI 97 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & ACI & DryFGD 98 Retrofit ACI and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & ACI & WetFGD 99 Retrofit ACI and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & DryFGD 100 Retrofit Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & DryFGD & ACI & CCS 101 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & DryFGD & CCS 102 Retrofit CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & WetFGD 103 Retrofit Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & WetFGD & ACI & CCS 104 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & WetFGD & CCS 105 Retrofit CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR_ACI & DryFGD 106 Retrofit Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI Ret.ExistSCR_ACI & WetFGD 107 Retrofit Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI 
Ret.ExistSCR_ACI & WetFGD & CCS 108 Retrofit CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI 

Ret.ExistSCR_DFGD & ACI 109 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Dry FGD Ret.ExistSCR_DFGD_ACI & CCS 110 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR, ACI and Dry FGD Ret.ExistSCR_WFGD & ACI 111 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Wet FGD Ret.ExistSCR_WFGD_ACI & CCS 112 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR, ACI and Wet FGD Ret.ExistSNCR & ACI 113 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & ACI & DryFGD 114 Retrofit ACI and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & ACI & WetFGD 115 Retrofit ACI and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & DryFGD 116 Retrofit Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & DryFGD & ACI & CCS 117 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & DryFGD & CCS 118 Retrofit CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & WetFGD 119 Retrofit Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & WetFGD & ACI & CCS 120 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & WetFGD & CCS 121 Retrofit CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR_ACI & DryFGD 122 Retrofit Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and ACI Ret.ExistSNCR_ACI & DryFGD & CCS 123 Retrofit CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and ACI Ret.ExistSNCR_ACI & WetFGD 124 Retrofit Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and ACI Ret.ExistSNCR_DFGD & ACI 125 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Dry FGD Ret.ExistSNCR_WFGD & ACI 126 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI 127 Retrofit ACI on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI & CCS 128 Retrofit ACI and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI & SCR 129 Retrofit ACI and SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI & SCR & CCS 130 Retrofit ACI, SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI & SNCR 131 Retrofit ACI and SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & CCS 132 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & SCR 133 Retrofit SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & SCR & CCS 134 Retrofit SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & SNCR 135 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_ACI & CCS 136 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_ACI & SCR 137 Retrofit SCR on Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_ACI & SCR & CCS 138 Retrofit SCR and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with ACI and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_SCR & ACI & CCS 139 Retrofit ACI and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_SCR & CCS 140 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_SNCR & ACI & CCS 141 Retrofit ACI and CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_SNCR & CCS 142 Retrofit CCS on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Wet FGD Ret.FB-ACI & SNCR 143 Retrofit SNCR and ACI on Existing Coal Steam with Fluidized Bed 
Ret.FB-ExistDryFGD & SNCR 144 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Fluidized Bed and Dry FGD 

Ret.FB-ExistDryFGD_ACI & SNCR 145 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Fluidized Bed, ACI and Dry FGD Ret.FB-SNCR 146 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam with Fluidized Bed Ret.Oil/Gas Steam SCR 147 Retrofit SCR on Existing Oil/Gas Steam Ret.SCR 148 Retrofit SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & DryFGD 149 Retrofit SCR and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & DryFGD & ACI 150 Retrofit SCR, ACI and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & DryFGD & CCS 151 Retrofit SCR, CCS and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & WetFGD 152 Retrofit SCR and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & WetFGD & ACI 153 Retrofit SCR, ACI and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & WetFGD & CCS 154 Retrofit SCR, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SNCR 155 Retrofit SNCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SNCR & DryFGD 156 Retrofit SNCR and Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SNCR & WetFGD 157 Retrofit SNCR and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.WetFGD 158 Retrofit Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.WetFGD & ACI & CCS 159 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.WetFGD & CCS 160 Retrofit CCS and Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.MPT1 161 Retrofit Multi-Pollutant Technology (MPT1) on Existing Coal Steam The pRet.ExistSCR & MPT1 162 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSNCR & MPT1 163 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistWetFGD & MPT1 164 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD_SNCR & MPT1 165 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Wet FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_SCR & MPT1 166 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD_SNCR & MPT1 167 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and Dry FGD Ret.ExistDryFGD & MPT1 168 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with Dry FGD Ret.ExistSNCR_ACI & MPT1 169 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and ACI Ret.ExistACI & MPT1 170 Retrofit MPT1 on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Nuke Early Retirement 171 Nuke Early Retirement O/G Early Retirement 172 O/G Early Retirement CT Early Retirement 173 CT Early Retirement Coal Early Retirement 174 Coal Early Retirement CC Early Retirement 175 CC Early Retirement IGCC Early Retirement 176 IGCC Early Retirement Ret.ACI & DDryFGD 177 Retrofit ACI and Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & DSCR 178 Retrofit ACI and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & DSCR & DryFGD & CCS 179 Retrofit ACI, CCS, Dry FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam 
Ret.ACI & DSCR & DWetFGD & CCS 180 Retrofit ACI, CCS, Dispatchable SCR and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam 

Ret.ACI & DSCR & WetFGD & CCS 181 Retrofit ACI, CCS, Wet FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & DWetFGD 182 Retrofit ACI and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ACI & SCR & DWetFGD & CCS 183 Retrofit ACI, SCR, CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DDryFGD 184 Retrofit Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR 185 Retrofit Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & DryFGD 186 Retrofit Dry FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & DryFGD & ACI 187 Retrofit ACI, Dry FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & DryFGD & CCS 188 Retrofit CCS, Dry FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & DWetFGD 189 Retrofit Dispatchable SCR and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & DWetFGD & ACI 190 Retrofit ACI, Dispatchable SCR and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & DWetFGD & CCS 191 Retrofit CCS, Dispatchable SCR, Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & WetFGD 192 Retrofit Wet FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & WetFGD & ACI 193 Retrofit ACI, Wet FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DSCR & WetFGD & CCS 194 Retrofit CCS, Wet FGD and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DWetFGD 195 Retrofit Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DWetFGD & ACI & CCS 196 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.DWetFGD & CCS 197 Retrofit CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ExistACI & DDryFGD 198 Retrofit Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & DWetFGD 199 Retrofit Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SCR & DDryFGD 200 Retrofit SCR and Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistACI & SCR & DWetFGD 201 Retrofit SCR and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with ACI Ret.ExistSCR & ACI & DWetFGD 202 Retrofit ACI and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & DWetFGD 203 Retrofit Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR_ACI & DDryFGD 204 Retrofit Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI Ret.ExistSCR_ACI & DWetFGD 205 Retrofit Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI Ret.ExistSCR_ACI & DWetFGD & CCS 206 Retrofit CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR and ACI Ret.ExistSNCR & ACI & DWetFGD 207 Retrofit ACI and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & DWetFGD 208 Retrofit Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR_ACI & DWetFGD 209 Retrofit Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR and ACI Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI & DSCR 210 Retrofit ACI and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & DSCR 211 Retrofit Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.SCR & DDryFGD 212 Retrofit SCR and Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & DDryFGD & ACI 213 Retrofit SCR, ACI and Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & DWetFGD 214 Retrofit SCR and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SCR & DWetFGD & ACI 215 Retrofit SCR, ACI and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam 
Ret.SCR & DWetFGD & CCS 216 Retrofit SCR, CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam 

Ret.SNCR & DDryFGD 217 Retrofit SNCR and Dispatchable Dry FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.SNCR & DWetFGD 218 Retrofit SNCR and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam Ret.ExistSCR & DWetFGD & ACI & CCS 219 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSCR & DWetFGD & CCS 220 Retrofit CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SCR Ret.ExistSNCR & DWetFGD & ACI & CCS 221 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistSNCR & DWetFGD & CCS 222 Retrofit CCS and Dispatchable Wet FGD on Existing Coal Steam with SNCR Ret.ExistWetFGD & ACI & DSCR & CCS 223 Retrofit ACI, CCS and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD Ret.ExistWetFGD & DSCR & CCS 224 Retrofit CCS and Dispatchable SCR on Existing Coal Steam with Wet FGD 

Appendix 4-2: Abbreviations Appearing in Model Plant Naming 

Abbreviation Definition IGCC Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle PV Photovoltaic ACI Activated Carbon Injection FGD Flue gas desulfurization SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction SNCR Selective Non Catalytic Reduction DSCR, DSNCR, DFGD, 

The "D" before any of the listed control technologies indicates "dispatchable". Dispatchable indicates that no capital cost are associated with the retrofit due to it already being installed at the plant 

CC Combined Cycle CT Combustion Turbine CCS Carbon Capture & Storage Ret Retrofit Exist Existing