UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 

Dr. Keith Kawaoka 

Deputy Director 

Environmental Health Administration 

Hawaii Department ofHealth 

919 Ala Moana Boulevard 

Honolulu, Hawaii 96814-4920 

Dear Dr. Kawaoka: 

MAR 2 0 2015 

OFFICE OF 

AIR AND RADIATION 

I am writing to update you on the status of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's progress in 

implementing the primary National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for sulfur dioxide (S02) 

set in 20 1 0 at 7 5 parts per bi II ion (ppb) as a 1-hour average. In July 2013, the EPA identified areas in 1 6 

states as nonattainment and expressed the intent to address designations for the remainder of the country 

in separate future actions. 

On March 2, 2015, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California accepted as an 

enforceable order an agreement between the EPA and Sierra Club and Natural Resources Defense 

Council to resolve litigation concerning the deadline for completing the designations. The court's order 

directs the EPA to complete designations in three additional rounds: the first round by July 2, 2016, the 

second round by December 31 , 2017, and the final round by December 31, 2020. The EPA will 

complete these designations by designating areas as either nonattainment, unclassifiable/attainment, or 

unclassifiable. 

In the first round of designations, the EPA will designate two groups of areas: 1) areas that have newly 

monitored violations of the 20 I 0 S02 standard, and 2) areas that contain any stationary source that 

according to the EPA's Air Markets Database either emitted more than 16,000 tons of S02 in 2012 or 

emitted more than 2,600 tons of S02 and had an emission rate of at least 0.45 lbs S02/mmbtu in 2012 

and that has not been announced (as of March 2, 20 15) for retirement. In the enclosure to this letter, the 

EPA provides the schedule we intend to follow to meet the July 2, 2016, deadline. 

While there are currently no sources in Hawaii meeting the emissions criteria established in the court's 

order, the EPA has identified the following areas in your state as those that may have newly recorded 

violations of the S02 standard based on preliminary air quality monitoring data collected between 2012 

and 2014: 

Internal Address (URL) • http://www.epa.gov 

Recycled/Recyclable • Printed with Vegetable Oil Based Inks on 100°o Postconsumer, Process Chlorine Free Recycled Paper 
State County Air Quality Systems Monitor Location · 2012-2014 

Monitor Identification Preliminary S02 

Number Design Value 

(ppb) 

HI Hawaii 15-001-0005 Hawaii Volcanoes 1196 

National Park 

HI Hawaii 15-001-0007 Hawaii Volcanoes 1403 

National Park 

HI Hawaii 15-001-1006 . 1 099 Waianuenue 175 

A venue; Hilo, HI 

HI Hawaii 15-001-2016 96-3150 Pikake St; 712 

Pahala, HI 

HI Hawaii 15-001-2020 Orchid Parkway, 553 

Hawaiian Ocean 

View Estates; 

Ocean View, HI 

HI Hawaii 15-001-2023 18-1235 Volcano Rd; 240 

Mountain View, HI 

The EPA will use the most recent available information when making designation and boundary 

decisions for the indicated areas. In your most recent recommendation letter, you have requested that the 

EPA exclude data from these monitors from being considered for designations purposes under the 

EPA's Exceptional Events Rule due to S02 emissions from an active volcano(s).. If you would like to 

submit updated recommendations and supporting information for the EPA to consider for the affected 

areas in your state, we request that you do so by September 18, 2015. 

The EPA has updated its March 24, 2011, designation guidance for the 2010 S02 standard to support 

analysis of designations and boundaries for these next rounds of designations. The updated guidance can 

be found on the EPA's website at http://epa.gov/airqualitv!sulfurdioxide/guidance.html. The EPA has 

also provided two technical assistance documents that provide advice on the use of modeling and 

monitoring data when determining if an area is meeting or not meeting the 201 0 S02 standard. These 

documents can be found on the EPA's website at http://epa.gov/airqualitv!sul(urdioxide/implement.html. 

The court's order directs the EPA to complete the second round of area designations by December 31 , 

2017. These designations would address areas where states have not installed and begun operating a new 

S02 monitoring network meeting the EPA's specifications referenced in our proposed rule titled, "Data 

Requirements Rule for the 1-hour S02 primary NAAQS". This rule, which was proposed in the Federal 

Register on May 13, 2014, would direct state and tribal air agencies to provide data to characterize 

current air quality in areas with large sources of S02 if such areas do not have sufficient air quality 

monitoring in place to identify maximum S02 concentrations. The data collected as a result of this 

proposed rule would be used in the designations process. Lastly, the court's order directs the EPA to 

designate all remaining areas by December 31, 2020. The EPA will provide states with additional 

information on the designations process associated with these later deadlines at a later date. 
We look forward to continued dialogue with you and your staff as we work together to implement the 

2010 S02 standard and achieve its intended public hea lth protection. For additional information 

regarding designations for the 2010 S02 standard, please visit our website at 

www.epa.gov/so2designations. Should you have any questions, please do not hesitate to call me or Scott 

Mathias of my staff at 91-9-541-5310 and mathias.scott@epa.gov. 

Sincerely, 

Janet G. McCabe 

Acting Assistant Administrator 

Enclosure 

cc: .Jared Blumenfeld 

EPA Region 9 Administrator 
ENCLOSURE 

TIMELINE FOR 2010 PRIMARY S02 NAAQS DESIGNATION PROCESS FOR AREAS 

ASSOCIATED WITH JULY 2, 2016, COURT-ORDERED DEADLINE* 

Milestone Date** 

Court Order March 2, 2015 

States may submit updated recommendations No later than September 18, 2015 

and supporting information for area 

designations to the EPA 

The EPA notifies states concerning any o/a January 22, 2016, but absolutely no later 

intended modifications to their than 120 days prior to final designations, i. e. , 

recommendations ( 120-day letters) March 2, 20 16 

The EPA publishes publi c notice of state o/a February 3, 2016 

recommendations and the EPA's intended 

modifications and initiates 30-day public 

comment period 

End of 30-day public comment period o/a March 4, 2016 

States provide additional information to o/a April 8, 2016 

demonstrate why an EPA modification is 

inappropriate 

The EPA promulgates final S02 area No later than July 2, 20 16 

designations (no later than 16 months from 

Court Order) .. * The court's order dtrects the EPA to promulgate addttlonal rounds of destgnat10ns by 

December 31 , 2017, and by December 31 , 2020. 

* * o/a = on or about