Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the 

Lower Colorado River, Southwestern United States

By Laura M. Norman,

1

 Michael Gishey,

1

 Leila Gass,1 Brian Yanites,2 Edwin Pfeifer,1

Ron Simms,3

 and Ray Ahlbrandt3

Open-File Report 2006-1141 

Version 1.0 

2006 

Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and 

does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. 

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 

 

1

 U.S. Geological Survey, Geography Discipline, Southwest Geographic Science Team, 520 N. Park Ave., 

Tucson, AZ 85719. 2

 U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Discipline, 520 N. Park Ave., Tucson, AZ 85719 and 

Department of Geological Sciences, University of Colorado, Campus Box 399, 

2200 Colorado Ave., Boulder, CO 80309-0399. 

3

 U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado Region, P.O. Box 61470, Boulder City, NV 89005.

1
Abstract 

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated a study of the Lower Colorado 

River to derive temporal-change characteristics from the predam period to the present. In 

this report, we present summary information on accomplishments under a USGS task for 

the Department of the Interior’s Landscapes in the West project. We discuss our 

preliminary results in compiling a digital database of geospatial information on the Lower 

Colorado River and acquisition of data products, and present a geospatial digital dataset 

of 1938 aerial photography of the river valley. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR)’s, 

Resources Management Office in Boulder City, Nev., provided historical aerial 

photographs of the river valley from the Hoover Dam to the United States-Mexican 

border, with some exclusions. USGS authors scanned and mosaicked the photographs, 

registered the photo mosaics, and created metadata describing each mosaic series, all of 

which are presented here. 

2
CONTENTS

ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................... 2

BACKGROUND ............................................................................................................... 5

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 5

STUDY AREA................................................................................................................... 6

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM .............................................................................. 7

OBJECTIVE ................................................................................................................... 10

APPROACH.................................................................................................................... 10

DATA ACQUISITION ....................................................................................................... 10 

DATA PROCESSING......................................................................................................... 12 

DATA ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................ 17 

RESULTS ........................................................................................................................ 18

FUTURE RESEARCH................................................................................................... 23

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................. 23

REFERENCES CITED.................................................................................................. 24

APPENDIX A: METADATA ........................................................................................ 25

LCR1938_01.TXT ........................................................................................................... 25 

LCR1938_02.TXT ........................................................................................................... 30 

LCR1938_03.TXT ........................................................................................................... 35 

LCR1938_04.TXT ........................................................................................................... 40 

LCR1938_05.TXT ........................................................................................................... 45 

LCR1938_06.TXT ........................................................................................................... 50 

LCR1938_07.TXT ........................................................................................................... 55 

LCR1938_08.TXT ........................................................................................................... 60 

LCR1938_09.TXT ........................................................................................................... 65 

LCR1938_10.TXT ........................................................................................................... 70 

LCR1938_11.TXT ........................................................................................................... 76 

LCR1938_12.TXT ........................................................................................................... 81 

LCR1938_13.TXT ........................................................................................................... 86 

LCR1938_14.TXT ........................................................................................................... 91 

LCR1938_15.TXT ........................................................................................................... 96 

APPENDIX B: AERIAL-PHOTOGRAPHIC MOSAICS........................................ 101

3
FIGURES 

Figure 1: Lower Colorado River riparian study area.......................................................... 7 

Figure 2: Scanned image of Cibola, Ariz.-Calif. 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle, 

showing stream channel as field checked from aerial photographs from 1961 (left). 

USGS scientist Sandy Owen-Joyce penciled in position of the current stream channel in 

2002 according to current knowledge (right)...................................................................... 9 

Figure 3: Scanned poster mosaic of Colorado River Index Sheet 10 of 13 (#423-1938-1).

........................................................................................................................................... 13 

Figure 4: Screen capture of 1938 image-registration process, with identifiable ground 

control points along roadways selected in red. ................................................................. 14 

Figure 5: Newly registered 1938 photomosaic overlain with a transparent GIS layer 

describing 1997 size and position (blue areas). ................................................................ 15 

Figure 6: Extents of 1938 photomosaics of the Lower Colorado River. .......................... 17 

Figure 7: Screen capture of digitizing session of 1938 stream channel from registered

historical aerial photographs............................................................................................. 18 

Figure 8: Mosaic of 1938 aerial photographs of Lake Mojave, with prereservoir river 

channels from 1938 overlain on insert map by 1997 reservoir shoreline......................... 19 

Figure 9: Image sequence showing visual spatial-change analysis of aerial photographs 

from 1938 (left) to 1997 (right) of Lake Mojave.............................................................. 20 

Figure 10: Image sequence showing river-channel spatial analysis of Cibola National 

Wildlife Refuge (see fig. 2). ............................................................................................. 23 

4
Background 

In January 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) formed a research team to 

study the Lower Colorado River from the Hoover Dam southward to the river’s delta. On 

June 17-18, 2003, a Lower Colorado River Science Workshop was held at the Blue Water 

Casino Conference Center on Colorado River Indian Reservation, Parker, Ariz. The 

workshop was cosponsored by the USGS and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Topics 

included endangered species, vegetation, sedimentation, hydrology, flood-plain mapping, 

climate, and the delta region. The workshop’s aim was to integrate science priorities with 

the needs of land and water managers along the Lower Colorado River from the Hoover 

Dam downstream to the river’s delta. Scientists and managers from Federal, State, and 

local agencies convened to synthesize current scientific information, needs, issues, and 

priorities in order to guide interdisciplinary research that would support land and water 

management on the Lower Colorado River. Amongst others, the USGS mapping 

expertise was identified as a positive asset for this effort, and a geographic information 

system (GIS) supported, atlas-based approach was chosen as a priority. 

Introduction

The history of 20th-century changes in the landscape, riverflow, climate, and 

development of the Lower Colorado River offers clues to better understand the 

environmental processes and conditions needed to maintain populations of native species 

and ecosystems. Agriculture and development, together with dams and channelization of 

the river, have brought large, mostly undocumented changes to the ecosystems extending 

from Lake Mead to the Colorado River delta. Wildlife habitats in the study area (fig. 1) 

change in response to invasive species, urban growth, and public works, including water 

regulation, flood control, flow regulation, and water diversion. These change vectors 

intermingle with wildlife refuges, parks, agriculture, tribal lands, water-recreation 

centers, mining districts, and wilderness areas. This patchwork of different ownership and 

management priorities, in combination with severe constraints on the magnitude and 

timing of flow releases, leaves limited possibilities for management actions that could 

create positive ecosystem changes. A thorough understanding of how the water, 

sediment, and ecosystems have responded to past changes would allow better forecasting 

of how the ecosystems and wildlife habitats may respond to alternative future changes. 

5
Historical aerial photography beginning in the 1930s and 1940s identifies 

historical and sometimes predam conditions in both landscape and vegetation. These 

images offer a base source of information and an analysis tool for research on such topics 

as changes in riparian vegetation and wildlife habitat, surface hydrology, predam

conditions, land-use change, and sediment sources and sinks. Image processing and GIS 

analysis of these photographs are needed to make the datasets usable. The compilation of 

a GIS database of maps and photographs is helping provide a ready research tool for the 

broader Lower Colorado River project. This report presents aerial photography from 

1938, pieced together into mosaics and georeferenced by comparison with orthophotos 

derived from 1990s aerial photography. Superimposed as digital polygons on these 

images are historical river-channel positions. This initial set of map information can be 

built upon to include the full range of historical hardcopy and digital maps, aerial 

photography, and satellite imagery available for the study area (fig.1; Norman and others, 

2004). 

Study Area 

We defined a buffer around the Lower Colorado River from Lake Mead to the 

Colorado River delta of 25 km (~15.5 mi) on either side to capture all potential riparianzone areas. This buffer was used for researching available datasets and to delimit the 

study area (fig. 1). 

6
Figure 1: Lower Colorado River riparian study area. 

Statement of the Problem 

Little is known about the natural variation in the river valley’s riparian and 

aquatic ecosystems. The flows of the Colorado River below the Hoover Dam are 

regulated on the basis of flood-control requirements, downstream diversion, and the 

7
demand for hydroelectric power (Nathanson, 1980). The river’s delta and flood plain 

have been altered by impoundments, flow regulation, and the conversion of native 

wetlands to irrigated agriculture (Luecke and others, 1999). Channel straightening and 

dredging (Mueller and Marsh, 2002) have significantly altered the channel. Changes in 

the channel position are especially important to hydrologists and other researchers in the 

study area. USGS scientists typically use topographic maps from the 1960s and 1970s to 

locate wells, but the position of the river channel has shifted so much since the creation 

of these maps that the known channel must be “penciled in” to maintain accurate records 

(fig. 2). 

8
Figure 2: Scanned image of Cibola, Ariz.-Calif. 7.5-minute topographic quadrangle, 

showing stream channel as field checked from aerial photographs from 1961 (left). 

USGS scientist Sandy Owen-Joyce penciled in position of the current stream 

channel in 2002 according to current knowledge (right). 

A history of changes in the landscape, riverflow, climate, and development can 

aid in understanding the environmental processes and conditions needed to maintain 

populations of native species and ecosystems. 

9
Successive maps of the predam flood plain and river-meander system can provide 

a basis for understanding variation in the river’s position and riparian habitat, and allow 

for reliable predictions of hydrologic and sedimentologic conditions under different 

management or natural-change scenarios (Ohmart and others, 1975; Kunkel, 1970). 

Aerial photography of the river valley and dam sites can provide direct documentation of 

changes in landscape, river-channel position, and flora. GIS techniques are well suited for 

documenting and analyzing landscape changes along large sections of the river valley 

(Tiegs and Pohl, 2005). A thorough knowledge of the modern and prehistoric river is a 

prerequisite to interdisciplinary research, as well as sound management plans. 

Objective 

This report presents initial results of a project to compare the landscape at 

different times in order to improve knowledge of the history and rates of landscape and 

ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River, and of links between those changes 

and geologic and hydrologic processes. Our goal is to provide reliable information 

contributing to knowledge of the geohydrologic framework of the landscape and 

ecosystem in order to assist in management approaches to restoring and conserving 

wildlife habitats. An improved understanding of that framework can help form a basis for 

evaluating landscape and ecosystem sensitivity, and predicting the effect of future 

changes and alternate scenarios. 

We are developing a time series of geospatial data that incorporate repeat aerial 

photography, Landsat imagery, and other mapped information that can be analyzed to 

document changes in both landscape and vegetation on regional and local scales. The 

data collected set the stage for an analysis of historical changes in the river’s landscape 

and ecosystems and geomorphic modeling of the river valley and related linkages 

between wildlife habitat, ground water, surface water, and sediment. 

Approach 

Data Acquisition 

Aerial photography of the Lower Colorado River from 1938 was located in the 

BOR Office in Boulder City, Nev. This dataset was acquired through a Memorandum of 

Understanding (MOU) established between the BOR and the USGS to facilitate data

10
sharing in fiscal years 2004-6 (FY04-06). Tasks identified in the MOU to be carried out 

within a 3-year period included the following: 

• The USGS will develop a Microsoft Access database containing bibliographic 

information and aerial-photographic identification; the BOR will provide its 

aerial-photographic database files for inclusion in the Access database. 

• The USGS will determine yearly increments for the study, e.g. 10-year increments 

beginning in the predam period to the present. 

• The BOR will provide use of its aerial-photographic library to the USGS and 

assist in the acquisition and compilation of its hardcopy photographs as 

determined by the USGS to be pertinent to the study. 

• The USGS will use their scanning equipment at the BOR site, and the BOR can 

supplement the scanning process with an onsite scanner for oversize photographs 

to digitize them. 

• The BOR will assist in providing methodologies and spatial databases to the 

USGS to georectify the digitized photographs to Universal Transverse Mercator 

(UTM) coordinates and projection. 

• The USGS and BOR will share the geospatial data derived from the study. 

• The USGS and BOR will continue to share geospatial data and coordination for a 

period of at least 3 years, at which time the MOU is renewable. 

In FY04, USGS staff downloaded more than 100 digital orthophoto quarter 

quadrangles (DOQQs) from the Arizona Regional Image Archive (URL 

http://aria.arizona.edu) including 29 images from 1992 (from Needles northward to the 

Hoover Dam), 27 images from 1994 (from Parker northward to near Needles), and 55 

images from 1996 (from the United States-Mexican border northward to Parker). 

The BOR provided a 1997 Vegetation Mapping and GIS Development report 

(CH2MHILL, 1999) that contains a GIS layer describing vegetation and the river channel 

at that time, derived from a 1997 aerial-photographic set from the Hoover Dam to the 

Davis Dam that was also provided by BOR. The river-channel position was determined 

from this dataset and used for comparison with the historical data in this report. 

11
Data Processing 

In FY04, USGS staff scanned 468 prints of black-and-white aerial photographs 

taken by BOR in 1938. The historical photographs, which are archived in the BOR office 

in Boulder City, Nev., include 364 images from 1938 (from the Hoover Dam to just 

inside the United States-Mexican border, excluding Topock Gorge to the Parker Dam) 

and 104 images from 1939 (from just inside the border to the Gulf of California). The 

prints were scanned at a resolution of 500 dots per inch. BOR staff had also produced 

posters of river segments that pieced the aerial photographs together into mosaics, 

according to their relative positions. These poster mosaics, which were also scanned 

were used to help guide the data processing (fig. 3). 

12
Figure 3: Scanned poster mosaic of Colorado River Index Sheet 10 of 13 (#423-1938-

1). 

In FY05, USGS staff scanned an additional 295 images of the Lower Colorado 

River from 1938 to add to the collection, based on identified gaps in previous data 

collection. 

Individual scanned aerial photographs were then digitally pieced together into 

mosaics with Adobe Photoshop software, resulting in 16 mosaic images that followed the 

index maps previously prepared by the BOR (fig. 3). The mosaics were rectified to mid1990s DOQQs (image to image) using the program ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 

ground-control points per mosaic (fig. 4). The number of ground-control points 

13
depended on the number of features identifiable in both the 1938 aerial photographs and 

the 1990s DOQQs. 

Figure 4: Screen capture of 1938 image-registration process, with identifiable 

ground control points along roadways selected in red. 

Newly registered imagery were immediately useful to view the changes in river 

morphology since 1938, when overlain with a transparent GIS layer describing more 

recent river size and position (fig. 5).

14
Figure 5: Newly registered 1938 photomosaic overlain with a transparent GIS layer 

describing 1997 size and position (blue areas). 

The registered mosaics were converted to GeoTIFFs (fig. 6), and metadata has 

been compiled to support them. 

Although the final product contains many potential errors, it is meant to be used 

for comparison of river-channel position and surface area in a broad sense. The 

registered aerial photographs were taken from an airplane for which the analysts of this 

dataset had no documentation. Therefore, the tilt of the airplane and camera were 

unknown in processing the images. Each photograph may have contained its own 

distortion based on these angles, and when the images were pieced together into a 

photomosaic, this distortion may have accumulated owing to individual variance. 

15
Additional error may have been introduced in georeferencing the mosaics. Each 

mosaic was carefully compared to the area’s DOQQ during data processing, and as many 

ground-control points as possible were selected for use in the referencing algorithm. 

However, because of the 60-year timelapse between photographs, the landscape was not 

useful for selecting areas along the river or vegetation unless obvious trees were present. 

Generally, roads and especially road crossings, where available, were used to warp the 

mosaic into referenced data. Once the ground-control points were selected, an algorithm

based on the input was used to stretch the entire image through those points. This 

process may have stretched wilderness areas that were or are currently lacking roads into 

entirely wrong locations (unknown to the analyst) and may have altered the locations of 

the few ground-control points that were entered on the basis of the polynomial 

convolution. 

Other errors, including an unknown error in the processed DOQQs or in the 

image-processing software, as well as analyst mistakes, could also have occurred. The 

flatter terrain of the flood plain will minimize the terrain error. Occasional shrinkage of 

paper in one direction more than another could also contribute to error. An error matrix 

could not be generated for these data because field conditions in 1938 could not be 

checked. 

Despite these potential problems, the process used to create these photomosaics is 

supported in image processing for the generalized datasets. Higher-resolution, more 

accurate data could be obtained by orthorectifying each of the 763 aerial photographs into 

orthophotos by securing X, Y, and Z data points, which would require more resources 

than those available for this study. 

16
Figure 6: Extents of 1938 photomosaics of the Lower Colorado River. 

Data Analysis 

In FY05, a geospatial analysis was completed of the variation in river-channel 

position and riparian vegetation of selected parts of the Lower Colorado River for the

period of record. From the registered historical aerial photographs, the entire stream

channel for 1938 was digitized at a regular scale of 1:15,000, based on the analyst’s 

17
perception (fig. 7). However, the geospatial characteristics of the original data do not 

support the scale at which analyes were conducted. 

Figure 7: Screen capture of digitizing session of 1938 stream channel from 

registered historical aerial photographs. 

Results 

The resulting geospatial database includes the registered photomosaics from the 

1938 aerial photographs and 1992-96 DOQQs, digital raster graphics, and the stream

channel from this time series. These data can be analyzed to document changes in both 

landscape and vegetation on regional and local scales. Using different combinations of 

these data, visual analyses of change can be achieved, for example, at Lake Mojave (figs. 

5, 8, 9) or Cibola National Wildlife Refuge (fig. 10). 

18
Figure 8: Mosaic of 1938 aerial photographs of Lake Mojave, with prereservoir 

river channels from 1938 overlain on insert map by 1997 reservoir shoreline. 

19
Figure 9: Image sequence showing visual spatial-change analysis of aerial 

photographs from 1938 (left) to 1997 (right) of Lake Mojave. 

20
The maps of Cibola National Wildlife Refuge (fig. 10) are particularly useful to scientists 

studying in that area (as shown by fig. 2) who may not specialize in GIS yet rely on 

accurate maps for their research. 

21
22
Figure 10: Image sequence showing river-channel spatial analysis of Cibola 

National Wildlife Refuge (see fig. 2). 

Future Research 

This study has demonstrated the need for a unified GIS database that would aid 

other research on the Lower Colorado River. The USGS and BOR are arranging an 

interagency agreement in FY06. At present, our time series extends from just after 

construction of the Hoover Dam in 1938 to digital raster graphics from 1969 and DOQQs 

from the 1990s. We plan to continue building a sound, robust dataset and to upload the 

result to an online Web mapping service. This dataset will then be available to the 

general public for visual analysis using ArcIMS software, in which the user needs only 

Internet access to be able to navigate the GIS data, turning layers on/off and zooming into 

areas of interest. 

The BOR has about 400 aerial photographs of parts of the river channel from

1930. These photographs will be added to our collection and eventually mosaicked, 

registered, and made available to the public through our Web server. They include the 

Hoover damsite, Needles, Palo Verde-Cibola, and Yuma, and because they predate the 

effects of any of the dams, they will be an important dataset to acquire. In addition, some

maps from 1902 have been identified in the USGS, Menlo Park, Calif. Office, that we 

plan to include in our collection as well. We hope to provide scientists interested in 

geospatial temporal imagery and maps of the Lower Colorado River with a GIS database, 

that they can use in their own research. 

Acknowledgments 

We thank William Waddilove of the BOR for his help in scanning aerial 

photographs, and Sue Beard, Keith Howard, and Karen Sue Bolm of the USGS for their 

helpful suggestions and careful reviews of the manuscript. 

23
References Cited 

CH2MHILL, 1999. 1997 Vegetation Mapping and GIS Development. Report prepared 

for the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Boulder City, Nevada. 

Kunkel, Fred, 1970. The Deposits of the Colorado River on the Fort Mojave Indian 

Reservation in California, 1850-1969: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report, 29 p. 

Luecke, D.F., Pitt, J., Congdon, C., Glenn, E., Valdés-Casillas, C., and Briggs, M., 1999, 

A Delta Once More: Restoring Riparian and Wetland Habitat in the Colorado River 

Delta. Washington, D.C.: Environmental Defense Fund, EDF Publications, 51 pp. 

Mueller, G.A., and Marsh, P.C., 2002. Lost, a Desert River and Its Native Fishes: A 

Historical Perspective of the Lower Colorado River. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Geological 

Survey, Information and Technology Report USGS/BRD/ITR 2002-0010, 69 p. 

Nathanson, M.N., 1980. Updating the Hoover Dam Documents: 1978. U.S. Department 

of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. Denver: U.S. Government Printing Office. 

Norman, L.M., Webb, R.H., Gass, Leila, Yanites, Brian, Howard, Keith, Pfeifer, Ed, and 

Beard, L.S., 2004. Geospatial Analysis of Changes in River-Channel Position and 

Riparian Vegetation of the Lower Colorado River [abs.]: Geological Society of America, 

Abstracts with Programs, v. 36, no. 5, p. 515. 

Ohmart, R.D., Deason, W.O., and Freeland, S.J., 1975. Dynamics of Marshland 

Formation and Succession Along the Lower Colorado River and Their Importance and 

Management Problems as Related to Wildlife in the Arid Southwest: North American 

Wildlife Natural Resources Conference Transactions, no. 40, p. 240-245. 

Sykes, G., 1937, The Colorado Delta: Washington, D.C., Carnegie Institution Publication 

460, 193 p. 

Tiegs, S.D. and Pohl, Molly, 2005. Planform Channel Dynamics of the Lower Colorado 

River;, 1976-2000: Geomorphology, v. 69, p. 14-27. 

24
Appendix A: Metadata 

lcr1938_01.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_01.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.777660 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.583930 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 36.044646 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.717808 

 Keywords: 

25
 Theme: 

 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Nevada 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

26
 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 1-3,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-4,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-6,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 

1-7,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-8,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-9,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-15,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 1-16,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-11,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-21,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

20,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-19,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-18,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

23,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-24,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-25,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

26,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-27,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-30,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

31,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-32,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-33,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

34,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-35,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-36,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

37,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-38,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-39,4/24/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Range_of_Dates/Times: 

 Beginning_Date: 1938 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Publication_Information: 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-1996 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaiced using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that followed 

index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The mosaics were 

then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image) using ERDAS Imagine, 

with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of ground-control points 

depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both the 1938/1939 images 

and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 46 ground-control points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 39312 

 Column_Count: 18239 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

27
 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.912828 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.912828 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

28
conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

29
lcr1938_02.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_02.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.746120 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.625219 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.754820 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.515214 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

30
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Nevada 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

31
 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 1-40,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-41,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-42,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 1-43,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-44,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-45,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

46,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-47,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-48,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

49,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-50,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-51,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

52,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-53,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-54,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

55,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-56,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-57,4/24/1938; 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Range_of_Dates/Times: 

 Beginning_Date: 1938 

 Ending_Date: 1939 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 17 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 29410 

 Column_Count: 11534 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

32
 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.896044 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.896044 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

33
 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

34
lcr1938_03.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_03.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.723039 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.560242 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.551730 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.310616 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

35
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Nevada 

 Place_Keyword: Mohave Crossing 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by Brian 

Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

36
 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 1-61,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-58,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-62,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 1-59,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-64,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-60,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

65,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-66,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-67,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

68,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-69,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-70,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

71,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-72,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-73,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

74,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-75,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-76,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

77,4/24/1938; 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photo prints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaiced using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that followed 

index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The mosaics were 

then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image) using ERDAS Imagine, 

with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of ground-control points 

depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both the 1938/1939 images 

and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 21 ground-control points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 28893 

 Column_Count: 15481 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

37
 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.914593 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.914593 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

38
 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

39
lcr1938_04.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_04.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.746099 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.508078 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.352412 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.067794 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

40
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Nevada 

 Place_Keyword: Bullhead City 

 Place_Keyword: Riviera 

 Place_Keyword: Davis Dam

 Place_Keyword: Katherine 

 Place_Keyword: Laughlin 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

41
 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 1-78,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-79,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-80,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 1-81,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-82,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-83,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

84,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-85,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-86,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

87,4/21/1938; Colo. R. 1-88,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-89,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

90,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-91,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-92,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

93,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-94,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-95,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

96,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-97,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-98,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

99,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-100,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-101,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 1-

102,4/24/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image) using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 34 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

42
 Row_Count: 32325 

 Column_Count: 21771 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.961827 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.961827 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

43
 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

44
lcr1938_05.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_05.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.707522 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.464850 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 35.149618 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.784093 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

45
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Nevada 

 Place_Keyword: Mojave City 

 Place_Keyword: Needles 

 Place_Keyword: Mohave Valley

 Place_Keyword: Willow Valley 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

46
 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 2-57,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-1,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-11,4/24/1938; Colo. 

R. 2-56,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-58,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-2,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

12,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-55,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-59,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-3,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 2-13,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-54,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-60,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

4,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-14,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-53,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-61,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 2-5,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-15,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-52,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

62,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-6,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-16,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-50,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 2-63,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-7,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-17,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

48,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-64,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-8,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-47,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 2-65,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-9,4/24/1938; ,,Colo. R. 2-45,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

66,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-10,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-44,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

67,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-43,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-68,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

69,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-70,4/24/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image) using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

47
 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 40059 

 Column_Count: 21205 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

48
 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

49
lcr1938_06.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_06.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.592388 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.367147 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.841443 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.588398 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

50
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Topock 

 Place_Keyword: Catfish Paradise

 Place_Keyword: Fivemile Landing 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

51
 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 2-71,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-72,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-73,4/24/1938; 

Colo. R. 2-74,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-75,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-76,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

77,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-79,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-80,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

81,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-82,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-83,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

84,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-85,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-86,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

87,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-88,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-89,4/24/1938; Colo. R. 2-

90,4/24/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 27 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 31279 

 Column_Count: 22623 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

52
 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.881985 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.881985 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

53
conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

54
lcr1938_07.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_07.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.364513 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.090167 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.340659 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.120807 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

55
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Cienega Springs 

 Place_Keyword: Parker 

 Place_Keyword: Cross Roads 

 Place_Keyword: Earp 

 Place_Keyword: Parker Dam

 Place_Keyword: Big River 

 Place_Keyword: Bluewater 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

56
 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 3-1,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-3,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-4,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 

3-5,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-6,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-9,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-10,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 3-11,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-12,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-14,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

19,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-20,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-21,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

22,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-24,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-25,4/26/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photo prints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 33 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 26000 

 Column_Count: 27002 

57
 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.912881 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.912881 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

58
 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

59
lcr1938_08.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_08.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.531191 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.246816 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 34.187907 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.978193 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

60
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Calzona 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

61
 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 3-37,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-26,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-80,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 3-38,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-27,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-78,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

39,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-28,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-77,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

40,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-29,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-76,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

41,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-75,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-42,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

74,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-43,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-73,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

44,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-72,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-45,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

71,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-70,4/26/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image) using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 17 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 24872 

 Column_Count: 28241 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

62
 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.909496 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.909496 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

63
Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

64
lcr1938_09.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_09.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.590651 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.430752 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.900350 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.669334 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

65
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

66
 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 4-33,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-10,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 3-89,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 4-32,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-9,5/3/1938;Colo. R. 3-90,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

31,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-8,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 3-91,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-30,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 10-7,5/3/1938;Colo. R. 3-92,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-29,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

6,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 3-93,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-28,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

5,5/3/1938;Colo. R. 3-94,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-27,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-4,5/3/1938; 

Colo. R. 3-95,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-26,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-3,5/3/1938;Colo. R. 3-

96,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-25,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-2,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-24,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 10-1,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-23,4/26/1938;Colo. R. 3-99,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

22,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-100,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-21,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

101,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-20,4/26/1938;Colo. R. 3-102,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

19,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-18,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-18,5/3/1938; 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 14 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 28229 

 Column_Count: 15854 

67
 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.896051 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.896051 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

68
 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

69
lcr1938_10.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_10.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.758281 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.453403 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.751011 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.481039 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

70
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Ehrenberg 

 Place_Keyword: Blythe 

 Place_Keyword: Miller Farms 

 Place_Keyword: Nicholls Warm Springs 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

71
 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 5-39,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-36,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 4-83,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 4-82,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-41,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-19,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-

17,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-103,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-40,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

35,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 4-84,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-81,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

42,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-20,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-16,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

104,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-41,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-34,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 4-

85,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-80,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-43,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

21,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-15,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-105,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

42,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-33,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 4-86,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

79,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-44,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-22,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-

14,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-106,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-43,4/27/1938; ,,Colo. R. 4-

87,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-78,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-45,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

23,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-13,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-107,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

88,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-77,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-46,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

24,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-12,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-108,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

89,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-76,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-47,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

25,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-11,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-109,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

90,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-75,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-48,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

26,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-10,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-111,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

91,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-74,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-49,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

27,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-9,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-112,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-92,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 4-73,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-50,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-28,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-

8,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-113,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-72,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

51,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-29,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-7,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

114,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-71,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-52,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

30,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-6,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-115,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-70,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 4-53,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-31,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-5,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 3-

116,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-69,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-54,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-

32,5/3/1938; Colo. R. 4-4,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-55,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-33,5/3/1938; 

Colo. R. 4-3,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-2,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-1,4/26/1938; 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photo prints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

72
mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 57 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 29319 

 Column_Count: 27627 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

73
 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

74
 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

75
lcr1938_11.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_11.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.778983 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.522336 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.563139 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.334410 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

76
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Ripley 

 Place_Keyword: Palo Verde 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

77
 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 5-88,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-44,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-32,4/26/1938; 

Colo. R. 4-94,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-56,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-33,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

87,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-45,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-31,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

95,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-57,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 10-34,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

85,4/27/1938; Colo. R .5-46,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-30,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

96,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-58,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-83,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

47,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-29,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-97,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

59,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-81,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-48,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

28,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-98,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-60,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

79,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-49,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-27,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-

99,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-77,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-50,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

26,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-100,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-75,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

51,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-25,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-101,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

52,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-24,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-102,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

53,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-23,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-103,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

54,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-22,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-104,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

55,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-21,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-105,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

57,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-20,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-106,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

58,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-19,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 4-107,4/26/1938; Colo. R. 5-

18,4/26/1938; 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photo prints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 27 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 27750 

 Column_Count: 26028 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

78
Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.895607 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.895607 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

79
 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

80
lcr1938_12.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_12.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.778586 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.627711 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.369630 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.155426 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

81
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Cibola 

 Place_Keyword: Paymaster Landing 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

82
 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 5-69,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-59,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-17,4/27/1938; 

Colo. R. 5-70,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-60,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-16,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

71,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-61,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-15,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

72,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-62,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-14,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

73,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-63,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-13,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

64,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-12,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-65,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

11,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-66,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-10,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

67,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-9,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-68,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-8,4/27/1938; 

Colo. R. 5-7,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-6,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-5,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

4,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-3,4/27/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 26 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 26495 

 Column_Count: 15294 

83
 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.885786 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.885786 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

84
 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

85
lcr1938_13.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_13.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.752230 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.515312 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.191054 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.987382 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

86
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Nommel Place 

 Place_Keyword: Nortons Landing

 Place_Keyword: Picacho 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

87
 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 5-2,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-92,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-94,4/27/1938; Colo. 

R. 5-95,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-97,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-101,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-

103,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-105,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 5-107,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

4,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-6,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-8,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-10,4/27/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 36 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 23252 

 Column_Count: 22746 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

88
 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.950926 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.950926 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

89
 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

90
lcr1938_14.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_14.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.579941 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.403668 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 33.077917 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.847467 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

91
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Castle Dome Landing 

 Place_Keyword: Fishers Landing

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image rectification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

92
 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 6-12,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-32,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-14,4/27/1938; 

Colo. R. 6-33,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-18,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-34,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

19,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-35,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-20,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

36,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-21,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-37,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

22,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-39,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-23,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

24,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-26,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-28,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

30,4/27/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photoprints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image), using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 24 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 27307 

 Column_Count: 17222 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

93
 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 0.922600 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 0.922600 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

94
Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

95
lcr1938_15.txt 

Identification_Information: 

 Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: Unpublished Material 

 Title: lcr1938_15.txt 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: remote-sensing image 

 Larger_Work_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: By Laura M. Norman, Michael Gishey, Leila Gass, Brian Yanites, 

Edwin Pfeifer, Ron Simms, and Ray Ahlbrandt 

 Publication_Date: 2006 

 Title: Processed 1938 Aerial Photography for Selected Areas of the Lower 

Colorado River, Southwestern United States 

 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: document 

 Series_Information: 

 Series_Name: Open-File Report 

 Publication_Information: 

 Publication_Place: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Description: 

 Abstract: The objective of this project is to improve understanding of the history and 

rates of landscape and ecologic change along the Lower Colorado River and of their 

effects on geologic and hydrologic processes. The datasets allow an analysis of historical 

changes in the river's landscape and ecosystems, as well as modeling of the 

geomorphology of the river valley and related linkages between habitat, ground water, 

surface water, and sediment. 

 Purpose: This image is one of 15 created for a geospatial analysis of change in riverchannel position for the Lower Colorado River. 

 Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Status: 

 Progress: Complete 

 Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned 

 Spatial_Domain: 

 Bounding_Coordinates: 

 West_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.668245 

 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -114.373908 

 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.948028 

 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 32.685231 

 Keywords: 

 Theme: 

96
 Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: 

http://www.fgdc.gov/clearinghouse/reference/nasa_long.html

 Theme_Keyword: Rivers 

 Theme_Keyword: Geomorphology 

 Theme_Keyword: Riparian Communities 

 Place: 

 Place_Keyword: California 

 Place_Keyword: Arizona 

 Place_Keyword: Kool Corner 

 Place_Keyword: Laguna 

 Place_Keyword: Bard 

 Place_Keyword: Ross Corner 

 Access_Constraints: None. 

 Use_Constraints: None. 

 Point_of_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Person_Primary: 

 Contact_Person: Laura Norman 

 Contact_Organization: Southwest Geographic Science Center, U.S. Geological 

Survey 

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Country: USA 

 Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: lnorman@usgs.gov 

 Data_Set_Credit: Aerial photos from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Lower Colorado 

Regional Office, Boulder City, Nev. Scanning, mosaicking, and image-recitification by 

Brian Yanites and Mike Gishey, U.S. Geological Survey. 

 Security_Information: 

 Security_Classification: Unclassified 

 Native_Data_Set_Environment: Microsoft Windows XP Version 5.1 (Build 2600) 

Service Pack 2; ESRI ArcCatalog 9.0.0.535 

Data_Quality_Information: 

 Attribute_Accuracy: 

 Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: 

 Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Mosaic images vary in positional accuracy. 

Offsets from digital orthophotos used in the rectification process are due to lack of 

elevation data and other ground-control data. 

 Lineage: 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

97
 Originator: U.S. Bureau of Reclamation 

 Title: Colorado River Frontwork & Levee System

 Edition: flown by Fairchild Aerials, Los Angeles 

 Other_Citation_Details: 

 Scale of photos is 1:20,000. 

 Colo. R. 8-11,5/2/1938; Colo. R. 8-10,5/2/1938; Colo. R. 6-45,4/27/1938; Colo. 

R. 6-79,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-80,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 8-13,5/2/1938; Colo. R. 8-

8,5/2/1938; Colo. R. 6-47,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-78,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-81,4/27/1938; 

Colo. R. 8-6,5/2/1938; Colo. R. 6-49,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-77,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

83,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 8-4,5/2/1938; Colo. R. 6-51,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-76,4/27/1938; 

Colo. R. 6-52,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-75,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-53,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

74,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-54,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-73,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

55,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-72,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-56,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

71,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-57,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-70,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

58,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-69,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-60,4/27/1938; Colo. R. 6-

68,4/27/1938 

 Type_of_Source_Media: Aerial photographs 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 19380424 

 Source_Currentness_Reference: ground condition 

 Source_Information: 

 Source_Citation: 

 Citation_Information: 

 Originator: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Publication_Date: 1992-96 

 Title: Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quadrangle 

 Source_Time_Period_of_Content: 

 Time_Period_Information: 

 Multiple_Dates/Times: 

 Single_Date/Time: 

 Calendar_Date: 1992-96 

 Process_Step: 

 Process_Description: Individual aerial photo prints were scanned at 500 dpi. Images 

were then mosaicked using Adobe Photoshop, resulting in 16 mosaic images that 

followed index maps previously prepared by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 

mosaics were then rectified to mid-1990s digital orthophotos (image to image) using 

ERDAS Imagine, with 14 to 57 ground-control points used per mosaic (number of 

ground-control points depended on the number of identifiable features appearing in both 

the 1938/1939 images and the 1990s digital orthophotos). This mosaic had 27 groundcontrol points. 

 Process_Date: 12/2004 

Spatial_Data_Organization_Information: 

 Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster 

 Raster_Object_Information: 

98
 Raster_Object_Type: Pixel 

 Row_Count: 28529 

 Column_Count: 26909 

 Vertical_Count: 1 

Spatial_Reference_Information: 

 Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:

 Planar: 

 Grid_Coordinate_System:

 Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator 

 Universal_Transverse_Mercator: 

 UTM_Zone_Number: 11 

 Transverse_Mercator: 

 Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 

 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -117.000000 

 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 

 False_Easting: 500000.000000 

 False_Northing: 0.000000 

 Planar_Coordinate_Information: 

 Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column 

 Coordinate_Representation: 

 Abscissa_Resolution: 1.000000 

 Ordinate_Resolution: 1.000000 

 Planar_Distance_Units: meters 

 Geodetic_Model: 

 Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1983 

 Ellipsoid_Name: Geodetic Reference System 80 

 Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000 

 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257222 

Entity_and_Attribute_Information: 

 Detailed_Description:

 Entity_Type: 

 Entity_Type_Label: Band_1 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: ObjectID 

 Attribute_Definition: Internal feature number. 

 Attribute_Definition_Source: ESRI 

 Attribute_Domain_Values: 

 Unrepresentable_Domain: Sequential unique whole numbers that are automatically 

generated. 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Value 

 Attribute: 

 Attribute_Label: Count 

Distribution_Information: 

 Resource_Description: Downloadable Data 

 Distribution_Liability: 

99
 Although these data have been compiled by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. 

Department of the Interior (USDOI), these data and information are provided with the 

understanding that they are not guaranteed to be 100% accurate or complete. 

 Users are cautioned to consider carefully the provisional nature of these data and 

information before using them for decisions that concern personal or public safety or the 

conduct of business that involves substantial monetary or operational consequences. 

Conclusions drawn from, or actions undertaken on the basis of, such data and information 

are the sole responsibility of the user. 

 Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, 

contractors, or subcontractors, make any warranty, express or implied, nor assume any 

legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any data, 

software, information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, nor represent that its use 

would not infringe on privately owned rights. 

 Trade, firm, or product names and other references to non-USGS products and services 

are provided for information only and do not constitute endorsement or warranty, express 

or implied, by the USGS, USDOI, or U.S. Government, as to their suitability, content, 

usefulness, functioning, completeness, or accuracy. 

 Standard_Order_Process: 

 Digital_Form: 

 Digital_Transfer_Information: 

 Transfer_Size: 0.000 

Metadata_Reference_Information: 

 Metadata_Date: 20060322 

 Metadata_Contact: 

 Contact_Information: 

 Contact_Organization_Primary: 

 Contact_Organization: U.S. Geological Survey 

 Contact_Person: Southwest Geographic Science Team

 Contact_Address: 

 Address_Type: mailing and physical address 

 Address: 520 N. Park Ave., Suite 106 

 City: Tucson 

 State_or_Province: AZ 

 Postal_Code: 85719 

 Contact_Voice_Telephone: 520-670-5510 

 Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata 

 Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 

 Metadata_Time_Convention: local time 

 Metadata_Extensions: 

 Online_Linkage: http://www.esri.com/metadata/esriprof80.html

 Profile_Name: ESRI Metadata Profile 

100
Appendix B: Aerial-Photographic Mosaics 

101
lcr1938_01

102
103
104
105
lcr1938_05

106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116