S. HRG. 114–142 

S. 1694, TO AMEND PUBLIC LAW 103–434 TO 

AUTHORIZE PHASE III OF THE YAKIMA RIVER 

BASIN WATER ENHANCEMENT PROJECT FOR 

THE PURPOSES OF IMPROVING WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE YAKIMA RIVER BASIN, AND 

FOR OTHER PURPOSES 

HEARING 

BEFORE THE

COMMITTEE ON 

ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES 

UNITED STATES SENATE 

ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS 

FIRST SESSION 

ON

S. 1694 

TO AMEND PUBLIC LAW 103–434 TO AUTHORIZE PHASE III OF THE 

YAKIMA RIVER BASIN WATER ENHANCEMENT PROJECT FOR THE 

PURPOSES OF IMPROVING WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE YAKIMA 

RIVER BASIN, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 

TUESDAY, JULY 7, 2015 

( 

Printed for the use of the 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 


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S. 1694, TO AMEND PUBLIC LAW 103–434 TO AUTHORIZE PHASE III OF THE YAKIMA RIVER BASIN 

THE YAKIMA RIVER BASIN, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES WATER ENHANCEMENT PROJECT FOR THE PURPOSES OF IMPROVING WATER MANAGEMENT IN 


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U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 

For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Publishing Office

Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800

Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001

95–296 2015

S. HRG. 114–142 

S. 1694, TO AMEND PUBLIC LAW 103–434 TO 

AUTHORIZE PHASE III OF THE YAKIMA RIVER 

BASIN WATER ENHANCEMENT PROJECT FOR 

THE PURPOSES OF IMPROVING WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE YAKIMA RIVER BASIN, AND 

FOR OTHER PURPOSES 

HEARING 

BEFORE THE

COMMITTEE ON 

ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES 

UNITED STATES SENATE 

ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS 

FIRST SESSION 

ON

S. 1694 

TO AMEND PUBLIC LAW 103–434 TO AUTHORIZE PHASE III OF THE 

YAKIMA RIVER BASIN WATER ENHANCEMENT PROJECT FOR THE 

PURPOSES OF IMPROVING WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE YAKIMA 

RIVER BASIN, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 

TUESDAY, JULY 7, 2015 

( 

Printed for the use of the 

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources 


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(II) 

COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES 

LISA MURKOWSKI, Alaska, Chairman 

JOHN BARRASSO, Wyoming 

JAMES E. RISCH, Idaho 

MIKE LEE, Utah 

JEFF FLAKE, Arizona 

STEVE DAINES, Montana 

BILL CASSIDY, Louisiana 

CORY GARDNER, Colorado 

ROB PORTMAN, Ohio 

JOHN HOEVEN, North Dakota 

LAMAR ALEXANDER, Tennessee 

SHELLEY MOORE CAPITO, West Virginia 

MARIA CANTWELL, Washington 

RON WYDEN, Oregon 

BERNARD SANDERS, Vermont 

DEBBIE STABENOW, Michigan 

AL FRANKEN, Minnesota 

JOE MANCHIN III, West Virginia 

MARTIN HEINRICH, New Mexico 

MAZIE K. HIRONO, Hawaii 

ANGUS S. KING, JR., Maine 

ELIZABETH WARREN, Massachusetts 

KAREN K. BILLUPS, Staff Director 

PATRICK J. MCCORMICK III, Chief Counsel 

CHRISTOPHER KEARNEY, Budget Analyst and Senior Professional Staff Member 

ANGELA BECKER-DIPPMANN, Democratic Staff Director 

SAM E. FOWLER, Democratic Chief Counsel 

MELANIE STANSBURY, Democratic Professional Staff Member 


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C O N T E N T S 

OPENING STATEMENTS

Page 

Murkowski, Hon. Lisa, Chairman, and a U.S. Senator from Alaska .................. 1 

Cantwell, Hon. Maria, Ranking Member, and a U.S. Senator from Washington .................................................................................................................... 2 

WITNESSES

Iseman, Tom, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water and Science, U.S. Department of the Interior ............................................................................................. 4 

Sandison, Derek, Director, Washington State Department of Agriculture, ........ 12 

Eberhart, Urban, General Manager, Kittitas Reclamation District and Farmer ............................................................................................................................ 19 

Garrity, Michael, Director, Rivers of Puget Sound and the Columbia Basin, 

and American Rivers ........................................................................................... 26 

Rigdon, Phil, Superintendent, Department of Natural Resources, Yakama 

Nation ................................................................................................................... 38 

ALPHABETICAL LISTING AND APPENDIX MATERIAL SUBMITTED

Aigner, Rob and Tina 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 94 

Aiken, Michael 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 95 

Aiken, Michael and Madeline 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 96 

Aiken, Shannon 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 97 

Albulet, Lucretia and Mihai 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 98 

Alpine Lakes Protection Society, et al. 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 99 

Andrew, David 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 105 

Angrisano, Robert 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 106 

Aresu, Anthony (Diana, Avery, Kendall) 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 107 

Bailey, Hailly 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 109 

Blacker, Margot 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 111 

Bocek, Thomas 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 112 

Burke, Mark 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 113 

Burt, Craig 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 114 

Campbell, William 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 115 

Cantwell, Hon. Maria 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 2 

Chapman, Murray 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 116 


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Cranton, Timothy 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 117 

Curtis, Robert and Melissa 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 118 

Cyzner, Eric 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 119 

Delarosa-Fountain, Nikki 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 120 

Duncanson, Kay 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 121 

Eberhart, Urban 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 19 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 21 

Fisette, Erica 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 123 

Foster, Avery 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 124 

Foster, Kelsey 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 125 

Foster, Roger 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 126 

Fountain, Tim and Jean 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 127 

Friends of Bumping Lake 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 128 

Friends of Lake Kachess 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 129 

Frye, Carll and Robyn 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 137 

Garrity, Michael 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 26 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 28 

Hazard, Albert 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 138 

Heart of America Northwest 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 139 

Hurley, Ann 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 140 

Iseman, Tom 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 4 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 7 

Jones, Traci 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 141 

Judd, Nancy 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 142 

June, Christa 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 143 

Jung, Charles and Carol 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 144 

Kachess Community Association 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 145 

Kachess Ridge Maintenance Association 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 159 

Kachess Ridge Maintenance Association, et al. 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 176 

Karaus, Matthew 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 191 

Kearny, Katherine 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 192 

Kearny, Ryan 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 193 

Kitchell, MD, Robert 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 195 

Kitchell, Virginia Rives 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 196 

Koch, Melvin 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 197 


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Lewis, Ann 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 198 

Lund, Ron and Amanda 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 208 

Lynch, Raymie 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 209 

Martin, Joel and LeaAnn 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 210 

Maykut, Naydene 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 211 

McPhee, Miles and Saundra 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 212 

Murkowski, Hon. Lisa 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 1 

Oslund, Steve 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 213 

Owens, Clifford 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 214 

Owens, Joann 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 215 

Owens, Rachel 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 216 

Owens, Stephanie 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 217 

Parry, Jeff 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 218 

Rigdon, Phil 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 38 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 40 

Rosen, Ross 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 219 

Rotondo, Mary and Eric 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 220 

S. 1694, the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project Phase III 

Act of 2015 ............................................................................................................ 57 

Sandison, Derek 

Opening Statement ........................................................................................... 12 

Written Testimony ............................................................................................ 14 

Schwartz, James 

Letter dated June 15 for the Record ............................................................... 221 

Schwartz, James 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 244 

Seguin, Kerry 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 502 

Sheldon, Jeanne 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 503 

Siddoway, Robert and Pauline 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 504 

Sierra Club, Washington State Chapter 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 505 

State of Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 517 

Storch, John 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 520 

Stratton, Kathie 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 521 

Stratton, Vern 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 522 

Swart, Alex 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 523 

Swart, Heidi 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 524 

Thomas, Joel 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 525 

Thomas, Kelli 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 526 


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Thomas, Lynne 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 527 

Trout Unlimited 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 528 

Walker, Scott 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 531 

Watts, Jerry 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 532 

Webster, Callie 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 533 

Western Lands Project 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 534 

Western Watersheds Project 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 535 

WISE Use Movement 

Statement for the Record ................................................................................. 536 


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(1) 

S. 1694, TO AMEND PUBLIC LAW 103–434 TO 

AUTHORIZE PHASE III OF THE YAKIMA 

RIVER BASIN WATER ENHANCEMENT 

PROJECT FOR THE PURPOSES OF IMPROVING WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE YAKIMA 

RIVER BASIN, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 

TUESDAY, JULY 7, 2015 

U.S. SENATE, COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES, Washington, DC. 

The Committee met, pursuant to notice, at 10:09 a.m. in room 

SD–366, Dirksen Senate Office Building, Hon. Lisa Murkowski, 

Chairman of the Committee, presiding. 

OPENING STATEMENT OF HON. LISA MURKOWSKI, U.S. 

SENATOR FROM ALASKA 

The CHAIRMAN. Good morning, the Committee will come to order. 

We are meeting today to discuss Senate Bill 1694, which is the 

Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project Phase III Act of 

2015, sponsored by Senator Cantwell. 

As we have discussed in this Committee and as we were just 

having a conversation about, drought conditions prevailing in the 

West, including the State of Washington, are significant. For those 

of us from the Pacific Northwest or the North it is quite unusual 

to be experiencing any level of drought. My hometown of Ketchikan 

in the Tongass Rainforest is short on water. People are buying 

water all the way down to Washington State. Certainly we have 

had many discussions in this Committee about the situation down 

in California, but it is not just limited to the Pacific Northwest or 

to the coastal areas. It is clearly west-wide. 

The legislation that we are going to discuss today presents an opportunity to build on the success of a significant example where 

water users, Federal and state officials and others, are working to 

ensure the delivery of water where it is needed. 

S. 1694 authorizes the first of three phases of the Yakima River 

Basin Integrated Water Resources Plan, and its goal is to ensure 

sufficient legal authority to achieve an integrated approach to 

water management for the Basin. 

I will ask Senator Cantwell to describe her bill more fully, but 

before I turn to her, there are a couple things that I would like us 

to keep in mind as we consider this legislation. 


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First, in this bill and in any legislation we consider we need to 

evaluate and fully understand the financial commitment expected 

of our Federal agencies. The Federal Government can play a role 

in addressing water supply needs, but we also need to know, up 

front, what each bill would have us contribute. 

Secondly, it is critical that we have a good understanding of local 

support and any concerns that may exist as well as to ensure that 

state and private involvement is maximized both financially and in 

terms of decision making. 

As I look at those who have come east today to speak to us, it 

looks like a cross-section of interests are represented. I appreciate 

that. I think that will bode well for the discussion that we will 

have this morning. 

Senator Cantwell, thank you for your work on this piece of legislation, and I look forward to working with you on it. 

STATEMENT OF HON. MARIA CANTWELL, U.S. SENATOR FROM 

WASHINGTON 

Senator CANTWELL. Thank you, Madam Chair, and thank you for 

holding this very important hearing and for being here this morning. 

As you mentioned, both of our states are feeling the impact of 

drought and climate impacts. I know that this legislation is an example of how some of the best and brightest are working hard on 

solutions at a local level, so thank you for having a hearing on S. 

1694. 

Before I start, besides thanking the witnesses that are here from 

Washington, obviously representatives of the state and the tribe, 

the agricultural community and the fishing interests of our state, 

we are also joined by Yakima County Commissioner, Michael Leita, 

and Yakima Nation Council Member, Joe Lewis. I thank you both 

for being here as well. 

S. 1694, the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project Act 

of 2015 is critical for the State of Washington. It ushers in a new 

era of water management for the State, and I believe, it is a management model for the entire West. 

This legislation is a major accomplishment for people who have 

been working on this issue for decades. Drought in Washington and 

across the West has caused billions of dollars in impacts this year 

alone, and it is predicted to cost billions more in the coming years. 

In a report released last July, the White House concluded that 

confronting climate catastrophes requires taking prudent steps now 

to prevent more severe consequences later. I could not agree more. 

As the Yakima Basin faces continued drought and climate impacts, the Federal Government has a responsibility to act now to 

prevent future impacts and costs in meeting its legal responsibilities in the Basin which include managing extensive Bureau of Reclamation projects, treaty and trust responsibilities with the 

Yakama Nation and Federal responsibilities in managing lands 

and endangered species. Failure to act now, I think, as mentioned, 

could have catastrophic economic impacts in moving forward. In 

contrast, an ounce of prevention could go a long way. 

Some of the issues here affect some of the most impacted agriculture lands and productive agriculture lands in our country as 


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well as some of the most important sockeye salmon runs in the 

United States. 

S. 1694 authorizes the initial phase of a long term water resources plan for the Yakima Basin and recognizes the responsibilities and the imperative to act now. The bill would dramatically enhance the sustainability and resilience of the Basin, from snow-fed 

streams in the Cascade Mountains to the farms of the Yakima Valley, which are famous for apples, cherries, hops and vineyards. The 

Yakima Integrated Plan is designed to provide a balanced approach 

to long-term water supply and environmental issues in the Basin. 

It will provide more dependable water supplies to meet agricultural 

and municipal needs and significantly restore the fisheries and ecosystems of the Yakima River and its tributaries. 

The plan was developed through an extraordinary collaboration 

between local stakeholders who are represented by the witnesses 

here today. This work group includes state, local, tribal officials, 

agricultural interests, and environmental groups. And I have to 

say, it is amazing to see how much progress they have made working together. They have really created a bond which I think is exemplary in keeping the task at hand. Working together they have 

developed an integrated approach to managing water that could 

not be accomplished without cooperation. The result is what is before us today, a holistic approach. 

Without this plan the Yakima Basin will face continued water 

shortages and economic impacts, estimated by the state this year 

to reach $1.2 billion in crop loss due to drought. This summer the 

Basin is facing unprecedented drought. In some cases irrigation 

districts are delivering only 25 percent of normal water supplies. 

Low stream flows and warm water throughout the Basin are also 

threatening fish, such as steelhead and sockeye salmon. Protection 

of these species is critical to our community and particularly important to the Yakama Nation. 

Science tells us that drought conditions are likely to persist in 

the Basin in coming years. Low snowpack and heat are predicted 

to intensify with climate change and are likely to become the new 

normal. As such, we must do everything to avoid catostrophic impacts later. The Yakima Integrated Plan puts in place the necessary steps for the future sustainability and resilience of the Yakima Basin. 

The State of Washington is already investing in the Yakima Integrated Plan. Just last week the state appropriated $30 million for 

the plan after approving $137 million in the last budget. In spite 

of severe budget constraints, the state recognizes that investing 

now will avoid more economic loss in the future. 

The Bureau of Reclamation’s statutory mandate to manage the 

Basin’s dams, hydropower facilities, and irrigation infrastructure, 

and legal requirements to manage stream flow for tribal and other 

needs means that the Federal Government is part of the solution. 

Without an integrated approach in the Basin, the Federal Government will face significant challenges including litigation costs in 

meeting responsibilities. So it is good to see Mr. Iseman here today 

and that in his testimony he supports an integrated approach, as 

you say in your testimony, which includes water storage, water 


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conservation, stream flow management, fish passage, and habitat 

improvements to provide the best opportunities for moving forward. 

S. 1694 does just that. It includes provisions for improved infrastructure for water storage and conservation, ecosystem restoration 

and construction of permanent fish passage. Nearly every part of 

this plan will help both farmers and fish in the Yakima Basin. 

Projects will provide water to support the region’s $3.2 billion agricultural economy while also restoring salmon runs that have been 

blocked for more than 100 years. This includes helping to restore 

one of the largest sockeye salmon runs in the lower 48. 

Because of local interests and their willingness to sit down to 

make a plan, I hope this does become a model for integrated water 

management plans and holistic approaches. I think it is a new paradigm in water management that could be replicated in other parts 

of the country. 

Here in the Energy and Natural Resources Committee we hear 

of divisive water conflicts in other parts of the West leading to gridlock which is ultimately destructive to the economy and environment. I think this approach points us down a different path. 

I look forward to hearing the witnesses today, and again, I thank 

all of the local individuals who have worked so hard on this project 

at moving it forward to where we are today in this legislation of 

S. 1694. I also want to thank my colleague, Senator Murray, for 

being an original co-sponsor on this legislation. 

Thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Senator Cantwell. 

Let us go to our queue of witnesses. I would ask that you each 

limit your comments to no more than five minutes, and your full 

statement will be included as part of the record. Once each of you 

have given your statements, we will have a few questions for you. 

We will begin with Mr. Tom Iseman, who is the Deputy Assistant 

Secretary for Water and Science at the Department of the Interior. 

Next is Mr. Derek Sandison, who is the Director for the Department of Agriculture with the State of Washington. Mr. Urban 

Eberhart is a farmer and manager of the Kittitas Reclamation District. Mr. Michael Garrity is the Director of Rivers of Puget Sound 

and the Columbia Basin for American Rivers. Rounding out the 

panel is Mr. Phil Rigdon, who is Superintendent for the Department of Natural Resources with the Yakama Nation. 

Gentlemen, welcome to the Committee this morning. Thank you 

for traveling as far as you have. We will lead off with you, Mr. 

Iseman. Welcome. 

STATEMENT OF TOM ISEMAN, DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR WATER AND SCIENCE, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF 

THE INTERIOR 

Mr. ISEMAN. Thank you, Madam Chair, Senator Cantwell. I am 

Tom Iseman, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Water and Science at 

the Department of the Interior. 

I thank you for the opportunity alongside our partners to provide 

the views of the Department on S. 1694, legislation to implement 

Phase III of the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project 

or YRBEP. I’m joined by Wendy Christensen of Reclamation’s Area 

Office in Yakima, who can assist with any technical questions that 


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come up, and my written statement has been submitted for the 

record. 

YRBEP, Phase III, results from decades of congressionally-sanctioned work in the Yakima River Basin and the collaboration of the 

Bureau of Reclamation, Washington State Department of Ecology, 

the Yakama Nation, irrigation districts, local governments, nongovernmental organizations and several other state and Federal 

agencies. Along with the project’s previous two phases, Phase III 

as authorized in S. 1694, aims to further the goals of protecting, 

mitigating and enhancing fish and wildlife habitat, increasing operational flexibility to manage in stream flows to meet ecological objectives and improving the reliability of the water supply for irrigation, municipal and domestic uses in the Yakima Basin. 

This legislation will facilitate construction of fish passage at Chelan Dam and at least one other Yakima Basin reservoir. Restoration of fish passage in the Yakima Basin is extremely important 

and culturally significant to the Yakama Nation and highly valued 

by Federal and state fish agencies. 

S. 1694 also allows for the irrigation districts to construct a facility to access a significant amount of water stored in the inactive 

pool of the Kachess Reservoir providing junior irrigation districts 

the additional water needed to increase their supply in drought 

years from possibly as low as 20 to 30 percent to up to 70 percent 

of their supplies. Further, this bill allows additional funds for 

water conservation on the Yakama Reservation, the largest 

irrigator in the Basin. 

And in addition to a host of further benefits to water users in the 

Basin, S. 1694 enables the Secretary of the Interior to accept cost 

share for many of the authorized projects allowing their completion 

at a significant savings to the Federal budget. This kind of fiscal 

collaboration is particularly noteworthy as the Government strives 

under tight budgetary constraints to address the challenges posed 

by drought in a changing climate. 

S. 1694 has been introduced after many years of collaboration 

among a diverse group of stakeholders, who have traditionally held 

opposing views, but are now cooperatively working together to 

achieve real, tangible results to address these challenges. 

The Department appreciates the efforts of Senator Cantwell and 

the Committee staff to address concerns identified in earlier legislative drafts. As stated in my written statement we would like to 

continue to refine some specific provisions in the bill to clarify the 

Department’s authorities and address potential problems with interpretation. We appreciate you and your staff’s willingness to engage with us on those issues. 

In closing, we recognize that this bill takes into account the affects of multiple projects and activities working in unison over the 

long term to improve the health and vitality of the Yakima River 

Basin, to the benefit of communities, agriculture and the environment. 

I want to thank the working group, the partners who are here 

today and commend them for their work, their collaboration over 

time to bring this plan to fruition and the efforts, their continuing 

efforts, to move these projects forward. 


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And I also want to thank you, Senator Cantwell, for your leadership on this bill. 

With that, Madam Chairman, the Administration is pleased to 

support the integrated plan and the goals of S. 1694, and I’m 

happy to answer your questions at the appropriate time. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Iseman follows:] 


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STATEMENT OF DEREK SANDISON, DIRECTOR, WASHINGTON 

STATE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

Mr. SANDISON. Thank you. 

Chairman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell, thank you for 

the opportunity to testify in support of Senate Bill 1694. While I 

am currently the Director of the Washington State Department of 

Agriculture, until recently I served as the Director of the Washington State Department of Ecology’s Office of Columbia River 

where I led the state’s involvement in the collaborative effort that 

is addressed in S. 1694. 

The Washingtonians recognize that there’s a dry side of our 

state, Eastern Washington, and a wet side of our state, Western 

Washington. But this year both Eastern and Western Washington, 

like many other parts of the West, are suffering from drought. 

These conditions are creating great challenges for our farmers, our 

fisheries and for our communities. However, throughout Washington a number of efforts are underway to respond to those challenges. For example, the unique collaboration that has emerged in 

the Yakima Basin focused on developing a vision for a future where 

there is water for farming, water for fish, water for our communities, even in drought years. S. 1694 is a vital step in making that 

possible. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Mr. Sandison. Welcome. 

Mr. SANDISON. By way of background the Yakima Basin is an approximately 6,000 square mile drainage basin in South Central 

Washington. It’s a source of population for about 360,000 people, 

and it’s home to the Yakama Nation. The Yakima Basin contributes over $3 billion annually to the agricultural economy of the 

State of Washington and to the nation and exports many of its 

farm products to the ports of Seattle and Tacoma. It is also important to recognize that historically the Yakima Basin was the second 

largest producer of salmon and steelhead runs in the entire Columbia River system. 

Since 1905 the Bureau of Reclamation has managed surface 

water flows in the Yakima Basin. Reclamation operates five reservoirs with a total capacity of about a million acre feet which is 

about a third of the annual runoff, on average, in the Yakima 

Basin. The Yakima Basin is heavily dependent on the Cascade 

Range snow pack to supply water to the semi-arid lower basin during the summer months. In other words, the snowpack is our sixth 

reservoir. 

Management of water in the Yakima Basin has historically been 

contentious. The surface water resource of the Yakima Basin are 

over-appropriated and have been undergoing court adjudications 

since 1977. The state closed the Yakima Basin to additional ground 

water rights in the 1990s. Frequent droughts over the last several 

decades have demonstrated the vulnerability of the Yakima Basin’s 

water supplies. During droughts in 2001 and 2005 and now in 

2015, the irrigation districts served by the Bureau of Reclamation 

received or are receiving only about 40 percent of their supply. 

Aquatic resources of the Yakima Basin have also continued to 

suffer. Salmon and steelhead runs that historically numbered 

around 800,000 fish declined to about 8,000 fish by the 1980s. Several stocks were extirpated and the Basin’s steelhead and bull 


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trout are currently listed as threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. 

In 2009 the State of Washington and the Bureau of Reclamation 

began collaboration with the Yakama Nation and Basin stakeholders to formulate a comprehensive strategy to address the Basin’s critical resource needs. That collaboration builds on the 1979 

Federal Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project Act, or 

YRBWEP, and the 1994 Phase II amendments to that act. The 

strategy took shape in mid-2011 when consensus was reached on 

the Integrated Plan. 

The Integrated Plan is being proposed as Phase III of the 

YRBWEP. The Integrated Plan proposes major ecological restoration of the Yakima Basin through measures such as construction 

of fish passage at all in-basin reservoirs and implementation of 

mainstem and tributary habitat enhancements. 

The Integrated Plan also calls for substantial improvements in 

water supply for both in-stream and out-of-stream uses. Efficiency 

of existing use will be improved through expanding water markets 

and investing in additional agricultural conservation. 

The objectives of the Integrated Plan cannot be met without significant improvements in water storage. Additional capacity in the 

form of modified and new storage facilities will be needed to provide drought relief for existing irrigators in the Yakima Basin, secure water supplies for municipal needs and adequate water for 

fish migration. 

The importance of expanding water storage capacity is underscored by climate modeling that predicts substantial reductions in 

snow pack depth and duration, in other words, exactly what we’re 

seeing in 2015. 

In 2013 Washington Governor Jay Inslee signed legislation that 

authorized the Department of Ecology to implement the Integrated 

Plan in conjunction with Reclamation and in collaboration with the 

Yakama Nation and Basin stakeholders. To date, the Governor and 

the legislature have made over $160 million in capital investments 

to meet the multiple goals of the Integrated Plan, so we believe S. 

1694 represents a similar commitment by our Federal partners to 

this special and powerful collaborative effort. 

We’re deeply appreciative of your consideration of this legislation 

and very much appreciative of Senator Cantwell’s leadership in 

this area. 

Thank you very much. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Sandison follows:] 


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The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Mr. Sandison. 

Mr. Eberhart, welcome. 

STATEMENT OF URBAN EBERHART, GENERAL MANAGER, 

KITTITAS RECLAMATION DISTRICT, AND FARMER 

Mr. EBERHART. Thank you. 

Chairwoman Murkowski and Senator Cantwell, my name is 

Urban Eberhart, and I’m the manager of the Kittitas Reclamation 

District in the irrigation district serving 60,000 acres of prime 

farmland in the Yakima River Basin. I’m also a farmer. I was 

raised on our family farm near Ellensburg, and I’m still growing 

apples, pears and hay in Badger Pocket in the Kittitas Valley. 

I’ve been working on water issues in the Yakima Basin, have 

been following the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement 

Project, ever since I went to my first Yakima Enhancement meeting with my father in 1979. I worked on the 1994 Yakima Basin 

Phase II legislation prior to its passage by Congress. It was intended to be an interim step to additional storage. 

In the Basin when we were asked to implement conservation 

measures authorized in the act we were told if we still could not 

meet the water supply needs of the Basin through conservation 

after they were implemented then we could come back and ask for 

additional storage. 

We’ve now created the Basin-wide Integrated Plan that is an example for other river basins throughout the country to look to. It 

is a template for others to follow on how diverse interests can come 

together to prepare a pathway for surviving drought and climate 

change and to impacts into the future. 

I support the enactment of S. 1694 authorizing Phase III of the 

Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement Project. The Yakima 

River Basin is one of the most productive agricultural areas in the 

nation. Principle crops grown in the Basin include fruit, vegetables, 

forage, hops and mint with many highly productive dairies, fruit 

packaging plants and other related businesses and industries tied 

to our Basin’s bountiful harvests. These industries in the Basin 

alone produce more than $1.8 billion in crops and $1.4 billion in 

food processing sales. 

The KRD is a fully proratable irrigation district which means our 

district is one of several (like the Roza, Wapato and Kennewick districts). We are receiving 44 percent of our supply this year. The 

farmers in the Garrity will be out of water the first week of August 

instead of the middle of October. Our water will be cut off two and 

a half months earlier than normal. 

The Roza irrigation district was forced to shut down its entire 

water delivery system for three weeks during the prime growing 

season this year. 

A critically important and creative component of S. 1694 includes 

providing innovative authorities for our non-Federal, proratable 

districts to be able to design, construct and maintain water storage 

access facilities contemplated by the first phase of the Integrated 

Plan. The bill would authorize the Secretary of the Interior to enter 

into long term agreements with the proratable irrigation entities in 

the Yakima Basin including KRD to plan, design, construct and 

maintain projects like the Kachess Drought Relief Pumping Plant 


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on Federally-owned lands. I believe this effort could be the first of 

its kind and is innovative enough that other areas of the West 

could benefit from similar arrangements. 

Under S. 1694 the proratable districts in the Basin would enter 

into long term agreements with the Secretary and Reclamation to 

provide non-Federal ownership, management and financing in the 

construction of these facilities bringing emergency drought relief 

water supplies to the Basin quicker and with no burden on the 

Federal budget. 

We have some additional suggested improvements to the language of S. 1694 as introduced to further clarify the provisions in 

Section 1214, and we look forward to working with the Committee 

on improving this section. 

Another important provision in S. 1694 deals with restoring 

water flows in the tributaries in the Basin. We have found a way 

for farmers and fish to help each other. The pilot concept implemented in the Manastash Creek project converted 3.2 miles of the 

KRD canal to a pressurized pipeline conserving over 1,200 acre feet 

of water annually that is used to keep water flows in the creek during critical fish migration periods. 

The Manastash project resulted in multiple in-stream and out-ofstream benefits that conserved water, increased in-stream flow in 

the lower Manastash. Benefits in addition to flows for fishing include reduced seepage, improved local irrigation system reliability 

and increased on-farm efficiencies and water conservation through 

the use of pressurized sprinkler systems. Farmers are still farming 

and the creek is now flowing opening up habitat for salmon and 

steelhead species in the process. 

In closing, I believe we have a good start with S. 1694. And as 

the irrigation districts in need of additional dry water supplies, we 

are stepping up to the plate in financing and constructing new 

water supply infrastructure in innovative ways. The State of Washington has provided over $130 million over the past two years to 

assist in implementing the Integrated Plan. Our proratable irrigation districts are contemplating non-Federal investments to build 

new water supply infrastructure. 

We look forward to the enactment of S. 1694 to assist in implementing the Plan, improving habitat for fish and wildlife, and creating new emergency storage water supplies for the future of the 

Yakima River Basin. 

Thank you for the opportunity. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Eberhart follows:] 


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The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Mr. Eberhart. 

Mr. Garrity, welcome. 

STATEMENT OF MICHAEL GARRITY, DIRECTOR, RIVERS OF 

PUGET SOUND AND THE COLUMBIA BASIN, AMERICAN RIVERS 

Mr. GARRITY. Thank you. 

Thank you, Chairwoman Murkowski, Ranking Member Cantwell 

and members of the Committee. Thank you for the opportunity to 

testify and share American Rivers’ support for the bill before the 

Committee, S. 1694, the Yakima River Basin Water Enhancement 

Project Phase III Act of 2015. 

American Rivers protects wild rivers, restores damaged rivers 

and conserves clean water for people and nature. And since 1973 

we have protected and restored more than 150,000 miles of rivers 

through advocacy efforts and on-the-ground projects. 

My name is Michael Garrity. I’m Director of Rivers of Puget 

Sound and the Columbia Basin for American Rivers, so I’m based 

out of Tacoma, Washington. I’ve worked on long standing issues of 

water supply reliability and fishery restoration in the Columbia 

and Yakima Basins for about 15 years. 

Just as for many Western river basins, controversy is no stranger 

to the Yakima, and American Rivers has been part of some of those 

controversies. Today is different. We join others in testifying in 

support of S. 1694. We’re not asking you to choose sides. We’re asking you to help us work together for an innovative, integrated plan 

to support the Yakima Basin’s fish, farms, families and forests. 

The Yakima Plan, at its heart, is a set of pragmatic actions that 

address the Yakima Basin’s major water supply and ecosystem 

challenges through seven integrated elements. The plan is envisioned to be completed over the next 30 years in a way that helps 

the Basin’s major stakeholders. It authorizes the Initial Development Phase of the plan, the projects that make the most sense to 

do and are ready to do over the next ten years. 

We support the entire 30-year Yakima Plan. However, we note 

that some projects will be subject to environmental and economic 

review that may make them infeasible or uncover issues that could 

cause us to reconsider support. 

The Yakima Plan stitches together many elements, some previously authorized in Federal legislation and some undertaken by 

non-Federal actors. S. 1694 addresses the parts of the Initial Phase 

which require Federal authorization and it clarifies authority 

where that authority may be ambiguous. 

Some of the most important elements of the Initial Phase are 

construction of the Plan’s first major water surface storage projects 

such as the Kachess Dry Relief Pumping Plant and the Keechelus 

to Kachess Conveyance Facility, construction of fish passage 

projects both upstream and downstream at Reclamation reservoirs, 

increasing storage at Cle Elum reservoir by three feet, continued 

water conservation and efficiency projects, continued and expanded 

habitat projects to benefit salmon, steelhead and bull trout and 

ground water recharge programs. 

Now I’ll discuss American Rivers’ perspective on the bill in more 

detail. We look for opportunities to advocate for new ways of doing 

business to promote healthy rivers in a variety of settings including 


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water supply and water management. The Yakima Plan in S. 1694 

fosters innovative and integrated water management and watershed restoration. Specifically the plan and the bill embrace integrated approaches including making better use of existing infrastructure before building new reservoirs, embracing water conservation, conjunctive use of ground and surface water, water markets and viewing problems and solutions from a watershed perspective. It also embeds fishery restoration into water management and 

makes fishery restoration a co-equal purpose with water supply reliability. 

It’s also innovative. New approaches are needed in solving Western water problems. The art of fighting water issues to a science 

standstill must end given the present threats to ecosystems and 

water supplies. 

American Rivers and other conservation groups have long fought 

new Federal water projects, in part due to Federal subsidies that 

have provided artificial incentives for their construction. To their 

credit the Yakima Irrigation Districts have proposed and the bill 

authorizes private financing for water supply projects. We strongly 

support this approach, and we believe it addresses the criticisms 

that have been raised about some of the Plan in general from a 

Washington State University Economic Study because the 

irrigators are taking on the risk themselves rather than the taxpayers. The plan also innovatively links land conservation with 

management of Reclamation reservoirs, and it addresses not only 

drought but the impacts of climate change over the long term. As 

this year demonstrates with its low snow pack, actions taken for 

drought response will also help us as the climate warms. 

There are a number of details and bill elements that we hope 

will be refined through the legislative process. We hope to work 

with bill sponsors and this Committee to address lingering substantive issues and move S. 1694 forward. 

In conclusion we believe that the bill is a major step toward a 

workable 21st century framework for water management in the 

West and that it offers major environmental benefits for the Yakima River Basin. For these reasons we urge you to support S. 1694, 

strongly support it, and are looking forward to working with you 

to pass this legislation. 

Thanks. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Garrity follows:] 


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The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Mr. Garrity. 

Mr. Rigdon, welcome. 

STATEMENT OF PHIL RIGDON, SUPERINTENDENT, 

DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES, YAKAMA NATION 

Mr. RIGDON. Well, thank you, Chairwoman Murkowski, Ranking 

Member Cantwell. 

I’m Phil Rigdon. I oversee the Department of Natural Resources 

for the Yakama Nation, and I’m also a member of the tribe. 

Thank you for this opportunity to testify for the Yakima Basin 

Water Resource Management Plan and on Senate bill 1694. We 

greatly appreciate Senator Cantwell’s leadership on this important 

issue and legislation. 

The Yakama people have lived in the Pacific Northwest since 

Time immemorial. When we entered into the Treaty of 1855 we 

ceded 12 million acres of land to the United States. Most of that 

land, that would now describe Central Washington, in that treaty 

the United States guaranteed our people right to have and harvest 

salmon and other natural resources both on the reservation and in 

off-reservation use on custom fishing grounds. 

Perhaps no one has ever more accurately described the importance of salmon to my people than the U.S. Supreme Court Justice 

and former Attorney General, Joseph McKenna, who—for an eightone majority, the landmark decision of the U.S. versus Winans in 

1905, stated that salmon were not much less necessary to the existence of Winans than the atmosphere they breathe. That decision 

established the reserved right doctrines of Indian Treaty law. 

At the time of the treaty there were often 12 to 15 million salmon returning to the Columbia River Basin. In some years that figure approached 30 million returning salmon. The Yakima Basin 

was second only to the Snake in the fish it contributed to the Columbia every year. Salmon are not only an integral part of the Indian people, but they have been and are a major part of the economy of the Columbia Basin and provide a livelihood and means of 

recreation for tens of thousands of non-Indians as well. 

As a result of the hydro dam, over fishing, destruction of habitat, 

including dewatering streams for the benefit of the irrigation by 

the early to mid-part of the 20th century, salmon runs that were 

in drastic decline with the returning numbers reduced from millions down to thousands while the Boldt decision and Belloni decisions of the 1960s and 70s confirmed our authority of self-regulating Treaty tribe with rights to half the fish in the Columbia 

River Basin and as co-managers of the resources half of nothing is 

nothing. Rather than waiting for our rights and resources to be restored, we have taken the active role in successfully rebuilding diminished runs and guaranteeing the existence of our Treaty fish. 

In the Yakima Basin, the state fisheries agencies that basically 

had given up at one point. The Yakama Nation took a different approach. We spoke for those species that cannot speak for themselves. The Yakama Nation took the lead in securing a sweeping 

series of amendments from the Northwest Power Act and to make 

fish and wildlife an equal priority. We developed a scientificallybased program needed to restore runs from modern fish screens 

and ladders. We have worked successfully with farmers and local 


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conservation districts to remove passage barriers and restore habitat. We began supplementing runs with a scientifically-based 

hatchery program. Our goal was to restore historically present 

stocks of salmon and other species of interest to the Yakima Basin. 

This includes reintroduction of three species that were extirpated 

from the Yakima, the Coho, Summer Chinook and Sockeye Salmon. 

This has led to a number of returning fish increasing from several 

thousand total adults in the early 1980s to over 25,000 for each of 

the past six years and a modern record number of 50,000 adults 

returned in 2014. Our effort has led to restoration of salmon fishing seasons for Indians and non-Indians alike. 

After opposing each other in court for decades the tribes and the 

irrigators, environmental groups, the state and local, county governments rose up through cooperation and sitting down together 

and compromising we could save the salmon while simultaneously 

having a vibrant agricultural based economy. This successful history of cooperation has led us here today. 

In 2015, in the midst of the most serious drought in decades, 

we’re able to supplement stream flows by working with the Kittitas 

Reclamation District to use their canal to deliver water to fish 

streams. The spirit of cooperation exemplified by the Yakima Basin 

Integrated Plan gives us hope going forward to see full restoration 

of salmon runs and other natural resources vital to the Yakama 

people’s needs while providing the sustainability to the agricultural 

sector. 

Our work has shown some success, but the remaining challenges 

are great and require us to increase the scope of our efforts. Most 

of the best cold water habitat in the Yakima Basin remains blocked 

by impassable storage dams and many impassable irrigation diversions. The habitat is mostly publicly-owned and has relatively pristine habitat and stream flow conditions. As we face growing impact 

of climate change, restoration of salmon access to these higher elevation areas will be critical. 

I am pleased to say the state is now a full partner with the 

Yakama Nation developing and implementing a plan to restore 

salmon. The coalition you see before you today represents a remarkable collaboration among long-time adversaries who have 

come together to develop a package of solutions to the big problems 

facing the Yakima Basin. 

With the help of Congress we will succeed in this worthy endeavor. 

Thank you. 

[The prepared statement of Mr. Rigdon follows:] 


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The CHAIRMAN. Thank you, Mr. Rigdon. 

I appreciate the comments and the testimony from each of you 

this morning. 

It is not very often that we have a whole panel that is in unison 

about a bill that we have in front of us which begs the question 

who opposes this? It is not possible that we could be sitting here 

having a discussion about fish and water and not have some opposition out there. So I would like a little bit of perspective here. 

You have hit on it, Mr. Rigdon. There has been a history here, 

decades, where you have been working against one another and 

now we have come to this place where there is clearly a very collaborative effort going on. That is appreciated. We always like it 

when you come to us with solutions. But in terms of any pockets 

of resistance, there have been a couple of you that have mentioned 

that there needs to be some fine tuning to the bill. We need to 

work with some language here and some interpretation, some department authorities. But are there pockets of resistance that are 

out there? 

I think, Mr. Garrity, you mentioned in your testimony that expansion of the Bumping Reservoir could be controversial because it 

would impact homes that are occupied by local critics. What opposition will we encounter with this or is this truly one of those measures where, because of the years of work and the collaborative nature, we have eliminated most of the criticism here? 

Mr. GARRITY. I think that the bill is designed to focus on the first 

ten years of the plan, the Initial Development Phase, and it authorizes those projects only. And those projects are relatively 

uncontroversial on the water storage side, mostly the water storage 

projects that are controversial within the plan. There’s some opposition among some homeowners around Lake Kachess that exist. So 

it’s not—not everyone likes the Initial Development Phase necessarily, but like I mentioned in my testimony, it includes the 

projects that are most ripe for implementation and the least controversial of the suite of projects. 

Another thing I mentioned in my testimony this morning is that 

there’s been some criticism of the plan for—and the water storage 

projects in particular as potentially expensive for Federal and/or 

state taxpayers. And the way that Kachess and the Keechelus to 

Kachess Conveyance Project would be financed it basically renders 

that argument mute because the irrigators or other water users 

would pay for those projects and finance them themselves. 

The CHAIRMAN. Let me ask then on the cost side of that because 

I mentioned in my opening remarks that that is something that we 

are looking to is what will the expense be? 

I think it was you, Mr. Sandison, who mentioned the state had 

contributed about $160 million so far under the Integrated Plan. I 

think I heard somebody else say, maybe it was you, Mr. Eberhart, 

$130 million. So the state’s participation is in that range. 

What do you estimate the state contribution towards the project 

proposed under the legislation will be and again, when we are talking about cost, recognizing that we have a series of phases here? 

What are we looking at realistically? 

Mr. SANDISON. Chairman Murkowski, so I’ll respond. 


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The Initial Phase which is considered the first ten years of the 

Integrated Plan, this is a 30-year project. We’ve divided the project 

up into three 10-year phases. 

In the first phase the estimated cost for the entire project is about $900 million. 

The State of Washington in 2013, the state legislature in 2013, 

passed governor request legislation that committed the state to up 

to 50 percent of the total cost of the Integrated Plan over the 30- 

year period. The—if we go back to the first phase and that $900 million, the 

biggest, single chunk of that would be the Kachess, Lake Kachess 

projects, the water storage project and the Associated Conveyance 

System. And that’s the project that the irrigators have indicated 

they’re willing to step up and arrange financing for it and pay for 

it. So not quite half, but close to half, of the total cost of the first 

phase is represented by that commitment. 

The largest single project, other than the water supply project, 

is the fish passage project at Lake Cle Elum. The cost estimate, 

Bureau of Reclamation’s estimates are at about $125 million. And 

again it’s all anticipation that the state would manage half of that 

or the cost of that project. 

So the exact number that was used in looking and evaluating the 

current legislation but it was in that neighborhood of, I think, 

about $140 million on the Federal side, again, matched with state 

money and with irrigator finance projects. 

The CHAIRMAN. Mr. Iseman, is that your understanding in terms 

of how it would break down as well on the Federal side? 

Mr. ISEMAN. Yeah, those are roughly comparable to our numbers, about looking at $900 million to $1 billion in infrastructure investment in total. Infrastructure as well as habitat and restoration, acquisitions, conservation, we’re looking at about $350 to $375 million, potentially, for the Federal side of that. 

One of the things, as we talked about in the testimony, that we 

find impressive or remarkable about this partnership, is the efforts 

to look at innovative ways of financing this including having the 

state step up as they have and also looking at other ways to bring 

private sector and other partners on board to finance parts of these 

projects. 

And so, you know, there’s a significant investment looking forward. But we believe that through these partnering and innovative 

financing mechanisms that we can get some of this, some of these, 

activities accomplished. 

The CHAIRMAN. Thank you. 

Senator Cantwell. 

Senator CANTWELL. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

Well, Mr. Iseman, we have already had a line item for the Yakima Basin for several years now, correct? 

Mr. ISEMAN. Correct. 

Senator CANTWELL. As the agency, how would you describe it 

best met the Federal obligations to try to mitigate the impacts and 

to manage the oversight of irrigation and conflict that is there? 

Mr. ISEMAN. Could you rephrase the question, Senator? 

Senator CANTWELL. How would you characterize the line item 

and the—— 


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Mr. ISEMAN. Right. 

Senator CANTWELL. Responsibility we have to our partners? 

Mr. ISEMAN. Right. Right. So we do have a line item for the 

YRBEP activities, the Yakima Basin activities. A lot of it is for 

what we’ve done historically through the first phases of this partnership. We’re also starting to invest more in the newer elements 

that are a part of this first phase of the Integrated Plan. The total amount is about $12.8 million right now, and we have 

made some increases over the last several budget requests. The 

way we’re looking at it is that we need to continue to make the investments to keep these projects moving forward, and that’s the 

way we’re thinking about our budget request. 

Senator CANTWELL. Would you say that your agency, the Department of the Interior, might worry most about those Federal responsibilities as it relates to the Bureau of Reclamation and on irrigation and hydro and things of that nature, in responsibilities, trust 

responsibilities, to the tribe that someone else in the Federal Government might be more concerned about the state or Mr. 

Eberhart’s issues about economic damage and crop loss? You may 

not be the agency for that information. 

Mr. ISEMAN. Right. 

Senator CANTWELL. Is that right? 

Mr. ISEMAN. But I think that’s right that—and one of the things 

that we have tried to do is bring the entire Federal family together 

because we know multiple Federal agencies have an interest in elements of this Plan including the U.S. Department of Agriculture 

and other potential partners that can be contributing to activities 

under the Integrated Plan. 

And so, you’re right. We focus on the elements that are most 

closely related to our water supply obligations and treaty responsibilities, and we’re trying to bring in these other partners, including other Federal agencies that can make contributions towards 

the Plan. 

Senator CANTWELL. So doing nothing is not free, I guess is the 

best way. Is that correct? 

Mr. ISEMAN. Doing nothing is not free? 

Senator CANTWELL. Right. 

Mr. ISEMAN. That’s right. 

Senator CANTWELL. We will incur costs. 

Mr. ISEMAN. Oh, absolutely. I mean, that’s one of the things that 

I think is most important about this Plan is that we’re looking into 

the future, and we face tremendous risks due to drought, and we 

need to make investments now. This Plan is identifying the activities and how we’re going to fund them in partnership to build resilience to drought, and there’s a lot of risk if we do nothing, absolutely. 

Senator CANTWELL. Thank you. 

Mr. Eberhart, you, I think, mentioned the $3.2 billion of economic activity associated with the Basin, related to agriculture. Is 

that Yakima County and—— 

Mr. EBERHART. It would be the Yakima Basin and it would be 

all the agricultural commodities that are produced directly at the 

farm gate and then all of the add-ons that are done to process 

them. 


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Senator CANTWELL. How many counties would you say? 

Mr. EBERHART. Oh, that is Yakima, Kittitas and Benton, three 

counties, yes. 

Senator CANTWELL. So three counties produce $3.2 billion worth 

of economic activity from agriculture on an annual basis? 

Mr. EBERHART. And a lot of exports. 

Senator CANTWELL. Yes, I know, it is pretty impressive. I definitely do not want to see the drought impacts, the lack of water, 

negatively impact that. 

Mr. Garrity spoke to the fish issue, but I guess one of the things 

that it is safe to say is that for part of this project you guys did 

not hang out together. Is that right? [Laughter.] 

Yet I feel like, while you didn’t use duct tape, it is a little bit 

like Apollo 13, like you get this critical moment and you are like, 

we have to do something, right? We have to come up with a better 

plan. But what made that happen? What brought you all to come 

together on things that you may have been fighting each other on 

in the previous decades? 

Mr. GARRITY. Thanks, Senator Cantwell. I think it was a confluence of events that came through a process. That, I think, sort 

of, came out of the original YRBEP legislation and then followed 

by a study of a large reservoir called Black Rock that concluded in 

2008. And that project turned out to be infeasible because of expense and because of some issues in terms of its effect on contaminated ground water underneath the Hanford Nuclear reservation 

and as well as operating costs. And multiple stakeholders including, I think, all four of us on this, from the state, on this panel 

came together and had similar comments on where we should go 

forward with that. 

And Mr. Sandison, when he was Director of the Office of the Columbia River, came up with a supplemental component to the storage study that was underway at that time that included, that basically laid out the initial, sort of, a general skeleton of the plan that 

the bill would help carry out. 

I think that is just really a pragmatic recognition on the part of 

the Yakama Nation and the irrigation districts and American Rivers, Trout Unlimited, the Wilderness Society, National Wildlife 

Federation, that we needed a practical solution that addressed the 

urgent needs of the fisheries and river health in the Basin. 

Senator CANTWELL. It seems to me that part of the issue here is 

that while it might have been great to have a solution, something 

that was, let us just say, simpler, I guess is one way to describe 

Black Rock and the concept about, here is an easy solution. Let’s 

just add more storage. 

Where we have ended up today is something that is much more 

integrated and much more elaborate in trying to solve the problem 

which, I think, is something to be recognized on a national basis, 

not just because it is holistic, although I definitely believe in that. 

That is what you represent, each of your interests. But the fact 

that the Plan says there are some things you can do today, and we 

should do those. There are some things that we can use that are 

market driven forces we should try to implement. Then the whole 

plethora of everything from conservation to utilization to increasing 

storage capacity. 


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So I don’t know if you have a comment on that about that issue 

of the complexity of an Integrated Plan providing so much of the 

solution. 

Mr. RIGDON. Thank you. 

I think the whole context, what we’re talking about, is the complexity of the Yakima Basin in its own right. We have the whole 

gamut. We have a tribe that’s fighting for its Treaty rights and 

stream flow. You have the irrigators and the junior water right 

holders and the conservation and the needs aren’t met. And we’ve 

gone through—the last 40 years realizing that the tribe and the 

irrigators aren’t going to meet those things. 

We’ve come together as a community to say for us to succeed 

we’ve got to work together instead of—and take on these complicated challenges. And I think that’s the real important part. 

Black Rock was an idea of pumping water from the Columbia 

that has its own series of issues that the tribe argues and fights 

on actually, but the idea let’s look in house, let’s find the solutions 

and let’s work to get to these things. There was a real important 

part of that is that the tribe and Roza sat down and we actually 

sent a letter together which is—we’ve been adversaries for, you 

know, probably since Time immemorial in its own right. And we 

signed that letter saying we’ve got to change and these principles 

of what really needs to happen. And having Ecology and the Bureau of Reclamation willing to take on that challenge and be a part 

of that conversation was really an integral part of what happened. 

Senator CANTWELL. Thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. You have mentioned that this Integrated Plan 

and the approach, the collaborative approach, can be viewed as a 

model in other areas. The word template has been used, but we 

also recognize that it is pretty tough to take a one size fits all approach to pretty much anything around this country because our 

regions are different, our needs are different and it complicates it 

a little bit. 

How unique or what aspects of what you have put together with 

this Integrated Plan are unique to the Yakima Basin and thus 

would not be as easily replicated in other regions? For instance, 

look at the situation down there in California. They are clearly 

struggling for answers. How should they deal with fish and agriculture needs? We are trying to draft legislation that will be helpful to them. 

Can you identify either any areas that are particularly innovative that help you with the approach that you have taken or that 

are so unique to the Yakima Basin that that is one of the things 

that has allowed this to gel? Mr. Iseman, you look like you want 

to jump in here. 

Mr. ISEMAN. Well I had a few thoughts on that. There are some 

unique aspects to what we’re seeing in the Yakima, and one of 

them that I’d appreciate comments from the rest of the partners is 

about how their relationship has developed over time. But clearly 

they’ve been working together for a long time, and I think that’s 

been essential to getting them to the point where we are with the 

Integrated Plan and what we’re talking about today. 

But a few of the other things that are important. One is looking 

at a watershed scale and thinking about multipurpose objectives. 


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And as Senator Cantwell said, it’s easy to think about a single solution but oftentimes that won’t meet multiple objectives at a watershed scale. And so thinking at this scale, I think, is very important. 

Looking at the long term to how they build drought resilience. 

You know, even this plan maps out 30 years, let alone these investments will be paying dividends for decades beyond that. And so 

thinking that long term drought resilience, oftentimes, we see 

places that are caught by surprise and maybe more reactive. So 

that’s an important element. 

And also the funding strategy is always a challenge in terms of 

how you fund things. And having the state step up as a partner, 

a lot of the local irrigators being willing to invest and other partners. Finding ways to bring the resources together to accomplish 

the objectives of the plan, those are some of the key lessons that 

I take from this. 

And Bureau of Reclamation does try to foster this kind of collaboration through Basin studies is one of the activities where we try 

to bring stakeholders together to think about long term challenges 

and ways to address them. But I would say that this partnership 

is really mature and unique in terms of their accomplishments. 

The CHAIRMAN. Does anyone else want to weigh in? Mr. 

Sandison? 

Mr. SANDISON. Yes, I agree with Mr. Iseman’s assessment that 

we looked at a watershed scale. I think one of our biggest hurdles 

to overcome in the first place was getting fundamental agreement 

on what the problem was. In the past we’d looked at water supply, 

what has been mentioned of a water supply project that was considered early on, but this, sort of, just add water approach to solving the problems of the Basin wasn’t going to work. That we needed to understand that you had a whole suite of issues, problems 

that needed to be solved in the Basin and recognizing how those 

are interconnected was important in terms of general recognition 

of what the scope of what needed to be done to correct the problems 

of the Basin. 

The other thing, and this speaks to the people that have been involved in the effort in Yakima was a willingness to, kind of, to set 

aside narrow, self interests and look to the broader good of the 

Basin and kind of, the recognition that—because you’re not going 

to get that. Any individual interest in the Integrated Plan is not 

going to get everything they want, but they’re going to get a lot of 

what they want. And at the same time others will get a lot of what 

they need or want. 

And it was, sort of, this quest for a win/win sort of relationship 

in the Basin and achieving harmony rather than going to court and 

spending decades fighting in court. I think that was an important 

element of the success in putting this together. 

The CHAIRMAN. Good. Others? Mr. Garrity? 

Mr. GARRITY. Well I’d add that I think the combination of state 

and Federal investment and readiness to help this process forward 

was really helpful. That the state has started the Office of Columbia River in 2006 which allowed some seed funding and room for 

creativity and collaboration on the state side. As Mr. Iseman mentioned, the Secure Water Act and the Basin study program was 


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critical in basically matching some state investment early on that 

helped move the process forward. 

The CHAIRMAN. I do not have any further questions for the panel, 

but I know that Senator Cantwell wants to continue. 

So thank you. 

Senator CANTWELL. Thank you, Madam Chair. 

Just to that point, we obviously all, on a West-wide basis see 

those regions, California, Oregon, others, struggling with this. Do 

you think that our previous efforts on management within the region taught us a lot because obviously we have had many people 

here on other water settlements that have been through extensive 

legal battles? So is it the fact that we are able to take things off 

the table because we knew they did not work that brought people 

to the table or do you think there is something so unique about 

Washington? Which I am happy to believe. [Laughter.] 

We are very collaborative; I mean, the Klamath Basin comes to 

mind. Why isn’t the Klamath Basin pursuing a similar approach? 

Mr. SANDISON. Because we are unique in Washington. 

Senator CANTWELL. Okay. [Laughter.] 

Mr. SANDISON. Yeah. Again, I think this was, in many respects, 

just a matter of maturity that, as you indicated, that many previous attempts had failed in terms of trying to come up with support for individual projects. And it was the recognition that, again, 

it’s a broader set of problems that we’re trying to resolve than just 

simply adding water to the stream or to the river. 

That broader sense, but also the notion that the time was right, 

that decades had gone by, study after study and no substantive action. And that it really, we were at a point where the—in fact this 

was discussed in the first meeting when the workgroup was pulling 

together. There was a large mural or a poster with a stack or a picture of all the studies that have been done in the Yakima Basin 

prior to the workgroup being formed. 

It was a mountain of documents, yet no, again, very low substantive action. And I think that the folks in the room, the stakeholders, the Yakama Nation, the state, Bureau of Reclamation, others, just realized that we have to do something to change the status quo to make these improvements. And there was just this overall commitment to say, yeah, I’m willing to set aside my individual, 

specific interests right now and again, work for the greater good. 

So I guess it was a, no pun intended, it was a watershed moment, I think, back in 2009 when the group formed and came to 

this, sort of, realization that it was time to put something on the 

ground. 

Senator CANTWELL. Well, I think having a seat at the table for 

everyone certainly conveyed that. I remember a meeting that we 

had with Secretary Salazar and Doc Hastings. 

Mr. SANDISON. Exactly. 

Senator CANTWELL. With the Bureau of Reclamation and I don’t 

know how many, 30 people. 

Mr. SANDISON. Yup. 

Senator CANTWELL. On a Sunday morning. 

Mr. SANDISON. Yes. 

Senator CANTWELL. Because that is when the Secretary’s schedule would allow. The fact that everybody was there meant that it 


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was going to be a serious approach, that it was not going to be 

torpedoed later by somebody who was not at the table. 

Mr. SANDISON. Right. 

Senator CANTWELL. So I think the fact that it became a real 

process led people to then decide what are the most fundamentally 

important things to get done, as you have outlined in this phase 

of the project. 

Mr. Eberhart, I cannot remember, but somebody’s testimony, municipal water issues were really at risk here, right? I mean, when 

you look at how this is going to be. If we did not come up with a 

plan, pretty soon some of the challenges were going to be right 

within the municipal system, right? 

Mr. EBERHART. Yes. And in the Integrated Plan, in this process, 

we have covered the supply that the municipalities will need to 

grow as we move forward. So we did improve that too. 

I think one of the other things that wasn’t touched on in the 

whole discussion of how we got together or why we are where we 

are and one key point is pure survival. None of the interests will 

be able to, would have been able to survive if we would have continued on the same road that we were on. 

So it was time, as it’s been mentioned by the other panel members, it was time to move forward and come up with a way that 

we could solve the problems and that we could do it. We knew we 

could do it cooperatively, together. We also knew that we couldn’t 

do it individually. So it was just a realization that the things would 

be so bad if we didn’t do this. 

Senator CANTWELL. To that point, Mr. Iseman, we appreciate the 

Administration’s support. You have outlined in your testimony how 

do we work together with other agencies that will be involved in 

this? You will be the point person for that? 

Mr. ISEMAN. Yeah. We’ll actually have something called the DC 

Leadership team that includes all the Federal agencies that have 

an interest in the Yakima Integrated Plan. 

We’re going to meet with this group and some of those agencies 

later today to talk more about these issues and how to move forward. 

We know that legislation provides a good road map for where we 

need to go, but there’s going to be a lot of work between now and 

then in terms of how we execute it. So we will continue to work 

with the other agencies and the Administration as well as the local 

stakeholders to advance these projects. 

Senator CANTWELL. Well, again I want to thank the region for 

being here today and the witnesses. I cannot say how impressed I 

am and excited by the Plan that you have put forth that is now 

incorporated in this legislation and how much I appreciate being 

able to represent those interests in the context of it’s great to have 

such innovation and bring it back here to Washington. I hope that 

it does help us understand some of the challenges we do face with 

drought. 

Mr. Iseman, I doubt this will be the last time you will be before 

this Committee talking about what we are going to do about that 

in the future. What I like about this Plan is that you can get agreement on the lowest hanging fruit. Implementing those solutions 


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right away can help us mitigate some of the huge economic impacts 

that we are going to see from drought. 

So, I think looking at this as, if nothing else, an example for how 

low hanging fruit can be something that we prioritize in our most 

stricken drought areas, I think, will be very, very helpful for us. 

Again, thank you, Madam Chair for holding this important hearing. And again, congratulations to everybody for their hard work on 

this. I know you didn’t used to hang out, but thanks for hanging 

out—— 

[Laughter.] 

Senator CANTWELL. Together today, and thanks for your—I know 

you guys have built friendships, so thank you. 

The CHAIRMAN. I want to join my colleague from Washington in 

thanking you, not only for this issue, but I do think that it gives 

others around the country in the West, a glimmer of hope that perhaps after decades of their own water wars they might be able to 

come to legislative solutions that will prevail for all stakeholders. 

So, thank you for not only being before the Committee today, but 

for your years of engagement on very important issues. We appreciate you being here. 

With that, the Committee stands adjourned. 

[Whereupon, at 11:13 a.m. the hearing was adjourned.] 


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SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 231 here 95296A.163
188 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 232 here 95296A.164
189 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 233 here 95296A.165
190 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 234 here 95296A.166
191 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 235 here 95296A.167
192 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 236 here 95296A.168
193 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 237 here 95296A.169
194 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 238 here 95296A.170
195 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 239 here 95296A.171
196 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 240 here 95296A.172
197 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 241 here 95296A.173
198 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 242 here 95296A.174
199 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 243 here 95296A.175
200 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 244 here 95296A.176
201 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 245 here 95296A.177
202 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 246 here 95296A.178
203 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 247 here 95296A.179
204 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 248 here 95296A.180
205 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 249 here 95296A.181
206 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 250 here 95296A.182
207 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 251 here 95296A.183
208 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 252 here 95296A.184
209 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 253 here 95296A.185
210 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 254 here 95296A.186
211 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 255 here 95296A.187
212 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 256 here 95296A.188
213 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 257 here 95296A.189
214 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 258 here 95296A.190
215 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 259 here 95296A.191
216 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 260 here 95296A.192
217 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 261 here 95296A.193
218 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 262 here 95296A.194
219 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 263 here 95296A.195
220 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 265 here 95296A.197
221 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 266 here 95296A.198
222 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 267 here 95296A.199
223 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 268 here 95296A.200
224 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 269 here 95296A.201
225 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 270 here 95296A.202
226 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 271 here 95296A.203
227 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 272 here 95296A.204
228 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 273 here 95296A.205
229 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 274 here 95296A.206
230 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 275 here 95296A.207
231 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 276 here 95296A.208
232 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 277 here 95296A.209
233 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 278 here 95296A.210
234 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 279 here 95296A.211
235 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 280 here 95296A.212
236 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 281 here 95296A.213
237 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 282 here 95296A.214
238 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 283 here 95296A.215
239 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 284 here 95296A.216
240 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 285 here 95296A.217
241 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 286 here 95296A.218
242 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 287 here 95296A.219
243 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 288 here 95296A.220
244 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 289 here 95296A.221
245 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 291 here 95296A.223
246 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 292 here 95296A.224
247 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 293 here 95296A.225
248 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 294 here 95296A.226
249 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 295 here 95296A.227
250 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 296 here 95296A.228
251 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 297 here 95296A.229
252 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 298 here 95296A.230
253 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 299 here 95296A.231
254 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 300 here 95296A.232
255 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 301 here 95296A.233
256 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 302 here 95296A.234
257 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 303 here 95296A.235
258 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 304 here 95296A.236
259 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 305 here 95296A.237
260 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 306 here 95296A.238
261 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 307 here 95296A.239
262 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 308 here 95296A.240
263 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 309 here 95296A.241
264 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 310 here 95296A.242
265 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 311 here 95296A.243
266 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 312 here 95296A.244
267 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 313 here 95296A.245
268 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 314 here 95296A.246
269 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 315 here 95296A.247
270 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 316 here 95296A.248
271 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 317 here 95296A.249
272 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 318 here 95296A.250
273 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 319 here 95296A.251
274 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 320 here 95296A.252
275 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 321 here 95296A.253
276 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 322 here 95296A.254
277 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 323 here 95296A.255
278 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 324 here 95296A.256
279 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 325 here 95296A.257
280 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 326 here 95296A.258
281 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 327 here 95296A.259
282 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 328 here 95296A.260
283 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 329 here 95296A.261
284 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 330 here 95296A.262
285 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 331 here 95296A.263
286 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 332 here 95296A.264
287 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 333 here 95296A.265
288 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 334 here 95296A.266
289 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 335 here 95296A.267
290 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 336 here 95296A.268
291 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 337 here 95296A.269
292 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 338 here 95296A.270
293 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 339 here 95296A.271
294 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 340 here 95296A.272
295 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 341 here 95296A.273
296 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 342 here 95296A.274
297 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 343 here 95296A.275
298 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 344 here 95296A.276
299 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 345 here 95296A.277
300 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 346 here 95296A.278
301 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 347 here 95296A.279
302 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 348 here 95296A.280
303 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 349 here 95296A.281
304 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 350 here 95296A.282
305 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 351 here 95296A.283
306 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 352 here 95296A.284
307 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 353 here 95296A.285
308 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 354 here 95296A.286
309 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 355 here 95296A.287
310 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 356 here 95296A.288
311 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 357 here 95296A.289
312 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 358 here 95296A.290
313 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 359 here 95296A.291
314 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 360 here 95296A.292
315 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 361 here 95296A.293
316 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 362 here 95296A.294
317 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 363 here 95296A.295
318 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 364 here 95296A.296
319 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 365 here 95296A.297
320 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 366 here 95296A.298
321 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 367 here 95296A.299
322 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 368 here 95296A.300
323 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 369 here 95296A.301
324 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 370 here 95296A.302
325 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 371 here 95296A.303
326 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 372 here 95296A.304
327 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 373 here 95296A.305
328 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 374 here 95296A.306
329 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 375 here 95296A.307
330 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 376 here 95296A.308
331 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 377 here 95296A.309
332 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 378 here 95296A.310
333 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 379 here 95296A.311
334 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 380 here 95296A.312
335 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 381 here 95296A.313
336 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 382 here 95296A.314
337 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 383 here 95296A.315
338 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 384 here 95296A.316
339 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 385 here 95296A.317
340 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 386 here 95296A.318
341 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 387 here 95296A.319
342 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 388 here 95296A.320
343 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 389 here 95296A.321
344 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 390 here 95296A.322
345 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 391 here 95296A.323
346 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 392 here 95296A.324
347 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 393 here 95296A.325
348 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 394 here 95296A.326
349 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 395 here 95296A.327
350 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 396 here 95296A.328
351 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 397 here 95296A.329
352 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 398 here 95296A.330
353 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 399 here 95296A.331
354 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 400 here 95296A.332
355 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 401 here 95296A.333
356 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 402 here 95296A.334
357 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 403 here 95296A.335
358 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 404 here 95296A.336
359 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 405 here 95296A.337
360 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 406 here 95296A.338
361 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 407 here 95296A.339
362 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 408 here 95296A.340
363 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 409 here 95296A.341
364 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 410 here 95296A.342
365 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 411 here 95296A.343
366 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 412 here 95296A.344
367 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 413 here 95296A.345
368 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 414 here 95296A.346
369 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 415 here 95296A.347
370 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 416 here 95296A.348
371 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 417 here 95296A.349
372 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 418 here 95296A.350
373 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 419 here 95296A.351
374 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 420 here 95296A.352
375 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 421 here 95296A.353
376 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 422 here 95296A.354
377 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 423 here 95296A.355
378 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 424 here 95296A.356
379 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 425 here 95296A.357
380 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 426 here 95296A.358
381 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 427 here 95296A.359
382 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 428 here 95296A.360
383 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 429 here 95296A.361
384 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 430 here 95296A.362
385 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 431 here 95296A.363
386 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 432 here 95296A.364
387 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 433 here 95296A.365
388 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 434 here 95296A.366
389 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 435 here 95296A.367
390 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 436 here 95296A.368
391 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 437 here 95296A.369
392 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 438 here 95296A.370
393 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 439 here 95296A.371
394 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 440 here 95296A.372
395 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 441 here 95296A.373
396 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 442 here 95296A.374
397 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 443 here 95296A.375
398 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 444 here 95296A.376
399 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 445 here 95296A.377
400 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 446 here 95296A.378
401 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 447 here 95296A.379
402 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 448 here 95296A.380
403 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 449 here 95296A.381
404 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 450 here 95296A.382
405 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 451 here 95296A.383
406 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 452 here 95296A.384
407 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 453 here 95296A.385
408 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 454 here 95296A.386
409 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 455 here 95296A.387
410 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 456 here 95296A.388
411 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 457 here 95296A.389
412 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 458 here 95296A.390
413 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 459 here 95296A.391
414 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 460 here 95296A.392
415 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 461 here 95296A.393
416 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 462 here 95296A.394
417 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 463 here 95296A.395
418 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 464 here 95296A.396
419 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 465 here 95296A.397
420 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 466 here 95296A.398
421 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 467 here 95296A.399
422 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 468 here 95296A.400
423 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 469 here 95296A.401
424 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 470 here 95296A.402
425 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 471 here 95296A.403
426 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 472 here 95296A.404
427 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 473 here 95296A.405
428 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 474 here 95296A.406
429 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 475 here 95296A.407
430 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 476 here 95296A.408
431 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 477 here 95296A.409
432 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 478 here 95296A.410
433 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 479 here 95296A.411
434 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 480 here 95296A.412
435 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 481 here 95296A.413
436 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 482 here 95296A.414
437 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 483 here 95296A.415
438 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 484 here 95296A.416
439 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 485 here 95296A.417
440 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 486 here 95296A.418
441 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 487 here 95296A.419
442 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 488 here 95296A.420
443 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 489 here 95296A.421
444 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 490 here 95296A.422
445 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 491 here 95296A.423
446 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 492 here 95296A.424
447 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 493 here 95296A.425
448 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 494 here 95296A.426
449 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 495 here 95296A.427
450 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 496 here 95296A.428
451 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 497 here 95296A.429
452 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 498 here 95296A.430
453 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 499 here 95296A.431
454 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 500 here 95296A.432
455 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 501 here 95296A.433
456 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 502 here 95296A.434
457 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 503 here 95296A.435
458 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 504 here 95296A.436
459 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 505 here 95296A.437
460 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 506 here 95296A.438
461 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 507 here 95296A.439
462 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 508 here 95296A.440
463 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 509 here 95296A.441
464 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 510 here 95296A.442
465 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 511 here 95296A.443
466 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 512 here 95296A.444
467 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 513 here 95296A.445
468 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 514 here 95296A.446
469 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 515 here 95296A.447
470 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 516 here 95296A.448
471 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 517 here 95296A.449
472 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 518 here 95296A.450
473 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 519 here 95296A.451
474 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 520 here 95296A.452
475 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 521 here 95296A.453
476 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 522 here 95296A.454
477 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 523 here 95296A.455
478 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 524 here 95296A.456
479 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 525 here 95296A.457
480 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 526 here 95296A.458
481 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 527 here 95296A.459
482 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 528 here 95296A.460
483 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 529 here 95296A.461
484 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 530 here 95296A.462
485 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 531 here 95296A.463
486 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 532 here 95296A.464
487 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 533 here 95296A.465
488 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 534 here 95296A.466
489 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 535 here 95296A.467
490 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 536 here 95296A.468
491 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 537 here 95296A.469
492 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 538 here 95296A.470
493 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 539 here 95296A.471
494 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 540 here 95296A.472
495 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 541 here 95296A.473
496 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 542 here 95296A.474
497 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 543 here 95296A.475
498 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 544 here 95296A.476
499 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 545 here 95296A.477
500 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 546 here 95296A.478
501 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 547 here 95296A.479
502 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 548 here 95296A.480
503 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 549 here 95296A.481
504 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 550 here 95296A.482
505 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 551 here 95296A.483
506 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 552 here 95296A.484
507 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 553 here 95296A.485
508 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 554 here 95296A.486
509 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 555 here 95296A.487
510 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 556 here 95296A.488
511 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 557 here 95296A.489
512 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 558 here 95296A.490
513 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 559 here 95296A.491
514 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 560 here 95296A.492
515 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 561 here 95296A.493
516 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 562 here 95296A.494
517 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 563 here 95296A.495
518 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 564 here 95296A.496
519 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 565 here 95296A.497
520 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 566 here 95296A.498
521 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 567 here 95296A.499
522 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 568 here 95296A.500
523 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 569 here 95296A.501
524 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 570 here 95296A.502
525 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 571 here 95296A.503
526 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 572 here 95296A.504
527 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 573 here 95296A.505
528 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 574 here 95296A.506
529 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 575 here 95296A.507
530 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 576 here 95296A.508
531 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 577 here 95296A.509
532 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 578 here 95296A.510
533 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 579 here 95296A.511
534 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 03 here 95296A.536
535 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 580 here 95296A.512
536 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 581 here 95296A.513
537 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 582 here 95296A.514
538 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 583 here 95296A.515
539 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 584 here 95296A.516
540 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 585 here 95296A.517
541 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 586 here 95296A.518
542 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 587 here 95296A.519
543 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 588 here 95296A.520
544 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 589 here 95296A.521
545 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 590 here 95296A.522
546 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 591 here 95296A.523
547 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 592 here 95296A.524
548 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 593 here 95296A.525
549 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 594 here 95296A.526
550 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 595 here 95296A.527
551 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 596 here 95296A.528
552 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 597 here 95296A.529
553 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 598 here 95296A.530
554 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 599 here 95296A.531
555 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 600 here 95296A.532
556 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 601 here 95296A.533
557 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 602 here 95296A.534
558 


SSpencer on DSK4SPTVN1PROD with HEARINGInsert offset folio 603 here 95296A.535