Department of the Army *TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Headquarters, United States Army C1

Training and Doctrine Command

Fort Eustis, VA 23604-5701

27 October 2014

The Soldier’s Blue Book

FOR THE COMMANDER:

OFFICIAL: KEVIN W. MANGUM

Lieutenant General, U.S. Army

Deputy Commanding General/

 Chief of Staff

Deputy Chief of Staff, G-6

History. This is an administrative change to US Army 

Training and Doctrine Command pamphlet 600-4.

*This pamphlet supersedes TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4, dated 9 Jun 2010.
2 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Summary. This pamphlet is the guide for all Initial Entry 

Training (IET) Soldiers who enter our Army Profession. It 

provides an introduction to the Army. Throughout the 

Blue Book, Soldiers will read and learn about Army 

Values, Culture, History, Organizations, and Training 

they will receive. It provides assistance with pay issues, 

leave, Thrift Saving Plans, and organizations that will be 

available to assist the families. The Soldier’s Blue Book 

is an inspectable item and will be carried at all times. 

Applicability. This pamphlet applies to all active Army, 

United States Army Reserve, and the Army National

Guard enlisted IET conducted at service schools, Army 

Training Centers, and other training activities under the 

control of Headquarters Training and Doctrine Command 

(TRADOC).

Proponent. The proponent for this pamphlet is 

TRADOC Deputy Commanding General-Initial Military 

Training (DCG-IMT) (ATMT-OP),(ATTN: Jim Rose) 210 

Dillon Circle, Fort Eustis VA 23604-5701.

Supplementation. Users are invited to send comments 

and suggested improvements on Department of the 

Army (DA) Form 2028 (recommended Changes to 

Publications and Blank Forms) directly to the US Army 

Center for Initial Military Training (ATMT-OP), 210 Dillon 

Circle, Fort Eustis, VA 23604-5701. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 3

Distribution. This pamphlet will be distributed to the four 

training locations that conduct Basic Combat Training 

(BCT) and One Station Unit Training (OSUT). This 

pamphlet is available electronically only on the TRADOC 

Homepage at http://www.tradoc.army.mil/tpubs. 

Summary of Change

TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The Soldier’s Blue Book

This administrative change, dated 27 October 2014-

o Changes the second paragraph of the Foreword to 

read: “The Army you are joining is an honored 

Profession that’s the best in the world at what it does. 

It’s comprised of magnificent Soldiers and Civilians who 

are out there every day making a difference in a very 

complex world.”

o In the fourth paragraph of the Foreword, changes the 

word “physical” to “physically”.
4 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

o Changes the second sentence of the fifth paragraph 

of the Foreword to read: “I hope you will find this 

experience personally and professionally rewarding. 

And, if you let it, it will set you on a path of continued 

success.”

o Capitalizes “Civilian”, “Profession”, and “Soldier”, as 

necessary, throughout the pamphlet.

o Removes the word “core” from “Army core values” 

throughout the pamphlet.

o Changes paragraph 1 of page 2 to read: “This 

pamphlet is the guide for all Initial Entry Training (IET) 

Soldiers who enter our Army Profession.”

o In the first sentence on page 17, changes “Soldiers” to 

“Soldiers’”.

o In the second paragraph of subchapter 2-1 on page 

20, adds “of practice” after “communities”.

o In the second paragraph of subchapter 2-5 on page 

24, change “helping” to “help”.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 5

o In the paragraph for “Rule No. 3”, italicize all of the 

word “Honor”.

o In the Army Definitions section on page 200, add the 

following after the definition for Army Emergency Relief: 

“Army Professional- A member of the Army Profession 

who meets the Army’s certification criteria of 

competence, character, and commitment.”
6 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

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TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 i

THE 

The Soldier’s Blue Book The Guide for Initial Entry Training Soldiers
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

12 September 2014

HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

United States Army Training and Doctrine Command

Fort Eustis, VA 23604-5701
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 i

Foreword

Welcome to the Army! You have taken the first step on a journey 

that I’m confident will change your life forever. 

The Army you are joining is an organization that's the best in the 

world at what it does. It's comprised of magnificent Soldiers who 

are out there every day making a difference in a very complex 

world.

The Army values of loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, 

integrity and personal courage are more than mere words that we 

recite. Taken together and integrated through an understanding 

and appreciation of the sacrifices made by the generations of 

citizen-soldiers who previously answered the call to defend 

America's freedoms...those values become part of who we are 

and form the moral and ethical identity that inspire us as Soldiers. 

Over the next several weeks, we will help you prepare for this 

journey. During Basic Combat Training and the follow-on 

occupational skills training, we will help you transition from citizen 

volunteer to an Army Professional by teaching you what it means 

to be a Soldier, and by ensuring that you are physical ready and 

have the skills needed to perform your job. 

I’m confident that you are up to the task. I hope you will find this 

experience personally and professionally rewarding, and if you let 

it, set you on a path of continued success. So, let’s get started!

Ross E. Ridge

Major General, U.S. Army

Commander, Center for Initial Military Training

U. S. Army Training and Doctrine Command
ii TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Soldier Information

Name: ______________________________________

My basic combat training (BCT)/one station unit training 

(OSUT)/advanced individual training (AIT) Company 

Chain of Command: 

* Note: Use pencil

Company Commander: _______________________

First Sergeant: _______________________

Drill Sergeant: _______________________

Drill Sergeant: _______________________

Drill Sergeant: _______________________

AIT Platoon Sergeant: _______________________

Instructor / Squad Leader: _______________________

Instructor / Squad Leader: _______________________

My mailing address: 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 iii

My Battle Buddy is...

Reception Battalion:_____________________________

BCT/OSUT: _____________________________

AIT: _____________________________

My Sexual Harassment/Assault Response & 

Prevention (SHARP) Program Contacts: Fill 

in using a pencil upon arrival at BCT, AIT and/or OSUT, 

and first unit of assignment:

Unit Victim’s Advocate / SHARP Representatives:

Company (initial entry training (IET) Only):

___________________________

Battalion: ___________________________

Brigade: ___________________________

Notes:_______________________________________
iv TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Basic Combat Training (BCT) Calendar

This is a tool for you to record milestones (APFT, basic rifle 

marksmanship, FTX, etc.) and to count down the days until BCT 

Graduation. 

Week 1

Week 2

Week 3

Week 4

Week 5

Week 6

Week 7

Week 8

Week 9

Week 10

BCT Calendar Monday Tuesday Wednesday 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 v

 Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
vi TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Notes:

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________

__________________________________________________
Department of the Army *TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Headquarters, United States Army

Training and Doctrine Command

Fort Eustis, VA 23604-5701

12 September 2014

The Soldier’s Blue Book

FOR THE COMMANDER:

OFFICIAL: KEVIN W. MANGUM

Lieutenant General, U.S. Army

Deputy Commanding General/

 Chief of Staff

Colonel, GS

Deputy Chief of Staff, G-6

History. This is a major revision to United States Army 

Training and Doctrine Command pamphlet 600-4.

*This pamphlet supersedes TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4, dated 9 Jun 

2010, and Change 1, dated 24 Feb 2014.
2 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Summary. This pamphlet is the guide for all Initial Entry 

Training (IET) Soldiers who enter the Army. It provides

an introduction to the Army. Throughout the Blue Book, 

Soldiers will read and learn about Army Values, Culture, 

History, Organizations, and Training they will receive. It 

provides assistance with pay issues, leave, Thrift Saving 

Plans, and organizations that will be available to assist 

the families. The Soldier’s Blue Book is an inspectable 

item and will be carried at all times. 

Applicability. This pamphlet applies to all active Army, 

United States Army Reserve, and the Army National 

Guard enlisted IET conducted at service schools, Army 

Training Centers, and other training activities under the 

control of Headquarters Training and Doctrine Command 

(TRADOC).

Proponent. The proponent for this pamphlet is 

TRADOC Deputy Commanding General-Initial Military 

Training (DCG-IMT) (ATMT-OP), 210 Dillon Circle, Fort 

Eustis VA 23604-5701.

Supplementation. Users are invited to send comments 

and suggested improvements on Department of the 

Army (DA) Form 2028 (recommended Changes to 

Publications and Blank Forms) directly to the US Army 

Center for Initial Military Training (ATMT-OP), 210 Dillon 

Circle, Fort Eustis, VA 23604-5701. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 3

Distribution. This pamphlet will be distributed to the four 

training locations that conduct Basic Combat Training 

(BCT) and One Station Unit Training (OSUT). This 

pamphlet is available electronically only on the TRADOC 

Homepage at http://www.tradoc.army.mil/tpubs. 
4 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

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TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 5

Table of Contents

Page

Forward ...........................................................................i

Soldier Information .......................................................... ii

My Battle Buddy is......................................................... iii

My Sexual Harassment/Assault Response & Prevention 

(SHARP) Program Contacts .......................................... iii

Basic Combat Training (BCT) Calendar ........................ iv

Introduction......................................................................9

Chapter 1 – The Army .................................................12

 1-1. Why we have an Army........................................13

 1-2. What the Army uniform represents .....................16

 1-3. Why We Serve ....................................................17

 1-4. The Army’s Motto – “This We’ll Defend”..............17

 1-5. Oath of Enlistment ..............................................18

Chapter 2 – The Army as a Profession .....................20

 2-1. The Army Profession ..........................................20

 2-2 What it means to be a Soldier..............................21

 2-3. How We Conduct Ourselves...............................22

 2-4. Who We Are Not .................................................23

 2-5. The Army’s Commitment to You.........................24

 2-6. The Journey Begins ............................................25

Chapter 3 – The Reception Battalion ........................26

 3-1. The Path..............................................................26

 3-2. Critical Information Needed Upfront ...................29

 3-3 . The Battle Buddy System ..................................29
6 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

 3-4. Army Values........................................................31

 3-5 Sexual Harassment /Assault Response & 

Prevention (SHARP) .....................................................34

 3-6. Suicide Prevention ..............................................37

 3-7. The Soldier’s Creed and Warrior Ethos ..............39

 3-8. The BCT / One Station Unit Training (OSUT) / 

Advanced Individual Training (AIT) “Golden Rules”......41

Chapter 4 – BCT / OSUT / AIT ....................................42

 4-1. What to Expect....................................................42

 4-2. The Training Company – Your Unit ....................43

 4-3. Safe and Secure Environment............................44

 4-4. Drill sergeants .....................................................45

 4-5. The Soldierization Process .................................48

 4-6. Military Time........................................................49

 4-7. Daily Schedule ....................................................50

 4-8. Basic Combat Training........................................50

 4-9. Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills ...........................52

 4-10. BCT Graduation Requirements ........................54

 4-11. AIT/OSUT .........................................................55

 4-12. What is the Difference between drill sergeants 

and AIT platoon sergeants?..........................................57

Chapter 5 – Personal Appearance and Uniforms ....60

 5-1. Personal Appearance .........................................60

 5-2. Army Combat Uniform (ACU) .............................70

 5-3 . Army Service Uniform (ASU) ..............................73

 5-4. Awards and Decorations.....................................81
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 7

Chapter 6 – Critical Information Required for BCT / 

OSUT / AIT....................................................................83

 6-1. Rank Insignia .......................................................83

 6-2. Customs and Courtesies.....................................89

 6-3. Bugle Calls..........................................................96

 6-4. Drill and Ceremonies ..........................................97

Chapter 7 – Physical Readiness..............................101

 7-1. Improved Physical Fitness Uniform (IPFU).......101

 7-2. Army physical fitness test (APFT).....................103

 7-3. APFT Standards...............................................104

Chapter 8 – Health and Safety .................................107

 8-1. Nutrition............................................................107

 8-2. Sleep.................................................................114

 8-3. Hygiene............................................................116

 8-4. Comprehensive Soldier Fitness........................132

 8-5. Chaplains ..........................................................134

 8-6. Risk Management.............................................135

Chapter 9 – Discipline...............................................136

 9-1. Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ)..........137

 9-2. Equal Opportunity Policy...................................140

 9-3. Policy on Relationships between Soldiers ........143

 9-4. SHARP..............................................................149

Chapter 10 – Reference Material .............................159

 10-1. The National Anthem ......................................159

 10-2. The Army Song ...............................................160
8 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

 10-3. The Code of Conduct......................................161

 10-4. General Orders/Special Orders ......................162

 10-5. Guard Duty......................................................163

 10-6. Army Organizations ........................................166

Chapter 11 – First Duty Station................................167

 11-1. Where Will I Serve? ........................................167

 11-2. How Can I Prepare? .......................................167

 11-3. Promotions......................................................168

Appendix A – Army Resources................................172

 A-1. Leave and Earnings Statement ........................172

 A-2. Managing Personal Finances...........................175

 A-3. Tri-service Medical Care (TRICARE) ...............178

 A-4. Service members' Group Life Insurance (SGLI)

....................................................................................179

 A-5. Dental ...............................................................180

 A-6. Army Emergency Relief....................................181

 A-7. Soldier For Life and Credentialing....................187

 A-8. Information Websites for Family Members.......191

Appendix B – Soldier’s Notes..................................194

Glossary.....................................................................198

Army Definitions .......................................................200
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 9

Introduction

Since 1775, the 

United States Army has exhibited unwavering courage, 

self-discipline, and advanced military training. Soldiers,

like you, have volunteered to serve and fight to protect 

their Families and friends from enemies that sought to 

do us harm, and to defend the ideals of our nation. 

Starting from humble beginnings in our quest for 

freedom, we have become the most powerful Army in 

the world. 

We are an Army made up of individuals, and the 

strength of each one of us contributes to the strength of 

the whole. We gain more 

strength from training, 

and the basis for our 

training stems from a 

past deeply rooted in 

determination and 

adaptability.

From the formation of 

the Continental Army 

in 1775 until Valley 

Forge, American 

forces were brave

and fought with 

purpose, but were disorganized citizens fighting against 

highly trained and better organized British Soldiers. To 

The “Blue Book”
10 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

win the Revolutionary War, General George 

Washington’s men needed enhanced training, discipline, 

and esprit de corps. 

Seeking a solution, General Washington tasked Baron 

von Steuben with transforming the large group of hungry 

and exhausted men at Valley Forge into a disciplined 

fighting force. In the harsh Pennsylvania winter, Baron 

von Steuben instructed a company of future leaders in 

basic military movements and tactical skills; those 

individuals were the predecessors of our drill sergeants! 

He developed that cadre until they could–in turn–train 

the entire Revolutionary Army in the art of basic military 

maneuvers. Through their perseverance and sense of 

duty, these dedicated troops practiced to the highest 

standards. As a result, Washington’s men fought 

skillfully in battle afterwards and it was at that time they 

embodied the principles and discipline that distinguished 

them as a professional army. 

Their perseverance, commitment to the cause, and 

disciplined execution of their military tasks enabled 

America to win its independence from England in 1783.

Training to standard and gaining the inner strength to 

adapt and overcome adversity became the theme for our 

Army’s training model. Baron von Steuben, by then the 

Army Inspector General, wrote the Regulations for the 

Order and Discipline of the Troops of the United 

States—now commonly referred to as the Blue Book—
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 11

as an instructional guide for future generations. This 

book consists, as our modern version does now, of 

detailed training procedures, the standards of military 

conduct, and the fundamentals every Soldier needs to 

know for them to succeed.

Use this version of the “Blue Book” on the journey on 

which you are about to undertake. Just as Soldiers 

before you trained to serve and protect our Nation, this 

book will help you to learn, train and perform the tasks 

required of you to become Soldiers in the United States

Army.
12 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Chapter 1 – The Army

On 14 June 1775, the Second Continental Congress 

established “the American Continental Army.” The 

United States Army is the senior Service of the Armed 

Forces. As one of the oldest American institutions, it 

predates the Declaration of Independence and the 

Constitution. For almost two and a half centuries, Army 

forces have protected this Nation. Our Army flag is 

adorned with over 180 campaign and battle streamers, 

each one signifying great sacrifices on behalf of the

Nation. 

Because of the Army, the United States is independent 

and one undivided nation.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 13

1-1. Why we have an Army

It is the intent of Congress to provide an Army that is 

capable, in conjunction with the other armed forces, of...

Preserving the peace and security, and providing for the 

defense of the United States, the Commonwealths and 

possessions, and any areas occupied by the United 

States;

Supporting the national policies;

Implementing the national objectives; and

Overcoming any nations responsible for aggressive acts 

that imperil the peace and security of the United States.

Title 10, U.S. Code, Section 3062(a)
14 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 15
16 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

1-2. What the Army uniform represents

For Soldiers it means that they are part of something far 

bigger than themselves...it is an opportunity to serve this 

great country and to make a difference in this world. 

For Army families, the 

uniform is a source of both 

pride and anxiety, knowing 

the sacrifices ahead. 

For our veterans, it 

represents one of the most 

important periods of their 

lives...pride in service, accomplishments, and a life-long 

connection to the comrades that they served with and in 

some cases lost during their time in uniform. Our 

Veterans are Soldiers for Life.

For the American citizen, Soldiers are their sons, 

daughters, relatives, neighbors, and during disaster, 

their lifeline. They see in us patriotism and selfless 

service—men and women in whom the Nation takes 

collective pride and who they see as heroes. And as 

heroes, they become disappointed and disillusioned 

when we do not live up to their expectations.

People around the world recognize the American Soldier 

as a symbol of the United States...Soldiers represent 

freedom, democracy, and stability.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 17

To our allies, Soldiers presence signals an American 

commitment during a crisis. 

To our enemies, the American Soldier represents

strength and resolve, and a commitment to defend the 

Values that we hold dear as a Nation and as a people.

1-3. Why We Serve

As Soldiers, we are committed to do our duty to 

contribute to the “common defense;” we share a love of 

our country and of our Army Family; we defend 

American values that frame the nation as expressed in 

the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of 

the United States; and we serve “not to promote war, but 

to preserve peace.”

1-4. The Army’s Motto – “This We’ll Defend”

The Army’s motto remains as 

relevant today as it did at our 

Nations’ founding. The 

pronoun “We” reinforces our 

collective or team effort and 

“Defend” remains our Army’s 

main mission. The Army 

continues this pledge into the 

future, as we have done

Department of the Army since 1775.

Emblem
18 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

1-5. Oath of Enlistment

Members of the American military profession swear or 

affirm to support and defend the Constitution of the 

United States—not a leader, people, government, or 

territory. 

That solemn oath ties service in the Army directly to the 

founding document of the United States. It instills a 

nobility of purpose within each member of the Army 

Profession and provides deep personal meaning to all 

who serve.

The Army Profession derives common standards and a 

code of ethics from common moral obligations 

undertaken in its members’ oaths of office.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 19

These standards unite members of all services to defend 

the Constitution and protect the nation’s interests, at 

home and abroad, against all threats.

By taking the Oath of Enlistment, you have committed 

yourself to living up to the ideals that we as a nation hold 

dear; to protect and preserve the Constitution of the 

United States; and to follow the orders of the President 

of the United States and the designated civilian and 

military leadership appointed over you. This is a heavy 

burden and one we are confident you are up to the 

challenge. 
20 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Chapter 2 – The Army as a Profession

2-1. The Army Profession

The Army profession has two broad categories of 

professionals—uniformed military and non-uniformed 

members. 

These professionals comprise two complementary and 

mutually supporting communities within the Army 

Profession: The Profession of Arms and the Army 

Civilian Corps.

Profession of Arms: Uniformed members of the Army 

Profession—Soldiers. This includes the Regular Army, 

Army National Guard, and Army Reserve.

The Army Ethic: An evolving set of laws, values, and 

beliefs, deeply embedded within the core of the Army 

culture and practiced by all members of the Army 

Profession to motivate and guide the appropriate 

conduct of individual members bound together in 

common moral purpose.

“Professionals are guided by their ethic; the set of principles 

by which they practice, in the right way, on behalf of those 

they serve – demonstrating their Character. This is their 

identity. Likewise, as Army Professionals we perform our 

Duty according to our Ethic. Doing so reinforces Trust 

within the profession and with the American people.” 

General Raymond T. Odierno

38th Chief of Staff, United States Army
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 21

2-2 What it means to be a Soldier

The Army is an honorable Profession founded on a 

bedrock of Trust—trust between Soldiers; trust between 

Soldiers and leaders; trust between Soldiers and Army 

Civilians; trust between Soldiers, their Families, and the 

Army; and trust between the Army and the American 

people.

To sustain this Trust, the Army Profession is committed 

to an ethos of Honorable Service built on core, moral 

beliefs that are expressed in our Army Values; our 

Soldier, and noncommissioned officers (NCO) creeds; 

and the Warrior Ethos. These beliefs guide our 

decisions and actions as we perform our duties and 

continuously develop in Character, Competence, and 

Commitment. 
22 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

2-3. How We Conduct Ourselves

Army Professionals are responsible for developing and 

maintaining moral character and competence, on and off 

duty, while following their commitment to work that is 

more than a job; it is a calling to serve in the defense of 

the Nation. Army Professionals develop through 

education, training, and experience, and adhere to the 

highest ethical standards. As stewards of this honorable 

profession, all Army Professionals must conduct 

themselves and hold each other accountable in a 

manner consistent with the Army Ethic and worthy of 

their professional status. 

Army Professionals treat each other with dignity and 

respect; treating others as they should be treated. They 

build Trust within the Profession and with the Nation 

through Honorable Service. Trust is belief and 

confidence in the, Character, Competence, and 

Commitment of Army Professionals to ethically and 

efficiently accomplish the mission.

All members of the Army Profession are our comrades. 

Acts of sexual harassment, sexual assault, and hazing 

are corrosive to our culture, breaking the bonds of trust 

that are essential to our Profession. These acts destroy 

morale and diminish the overall effectiveness of our 

formations.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 23

2-4. Who We Are Not

Army Professionals do not engage in or tolerate acts 

of misconduct or unethical decisions. Actions such 

as sexual harassment, sexual assault, and hazing are 

dishonorable and contrary to the Army Values and the 

Army’s Professional Ethos and destroy Esprit de Corps. 

One incident is one too many. 

Sexual Harassment is a form of gender discrimination 

that involves unwelcome sexual advances, requests for 

sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a 

sexual nature. 

Sexual Assault is a crime. Sexual assault is defined as 

intentional sexual contact, characterized by use of force, 

threats, intimidation or abuse of authority, or when the 

victim does not or cannot consent. Sexual assault 

includes rape, forcible sodomy and other unwanted 

sexual contact that is aggravated, abusive, or wrongful 

or attempts to commit these acts. This includes touching 

of the breasts, buttocks, genitalia or any other part of the 

body to satisfy sexual desires. During training, there is 

no such thing as consensual relationships. So keep 

your hands to yourself!

Hazing is defined as any conduct whereby one military 

member or employee, regardless of Service or rank, 

unnecessarily causes another military member or 

employee, regardless of Service or rank, to suffer or be 

exposed to an activity that is cruel, abusive, or harmful.
24 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

2-5. The Army’s Commitment to You

Our commitment to you is to help guide you on this 

journey in becoming an Army Professional. 

We are committed to providing you with a safe and 

secure environment where everyone can live, train, and 

learn, and in turn, helping you to become Soldiers of...

 Character: Soldiers who understand the Army culture 

and demonstrate through decisions and actions the 

Army Values and Warrior Ethic.

 Competence: Soldiers who demonstrate the ability to 

perform basic combat skills and who demonstrate 

entry-level proficiency in their designated 

occupational specialty.

 Commitment: Soldiers who understand the calling to 

service and sacrifice, who perform their duties 

successfully with discipline and to standard, and who 

successfully and ethically accomplish the mission 

despite adversity, obstacles, and challenges.

In turn, you join the ranks of generations of citizensoldiers who previously answered the call to defend 

America's freedoms; you join a band of brothers and 

sisters who are prepared to served this Nation in peace 

and in war; and you join an institution and a profession 

dedicated to upholding the values and ideals of our 

Country and its people that we represent.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 25

Our desired outcome as you complete your initial 

certification process is to provide the Army with a Soldier 

(you)...

 Who has a shared professional identity with others 

who honorably and selflessly serve in the Profession 

of Arms

 Who is agile, adaptive and resilient

 Who is physically ready to execute required 

Warfighter and occupational specialty skills

 And who is able to serve as a trusted member of a 

team in their First Unit of Assignment.

2-6. The Journey Begins

When you took the Oath of Enlistment, you became a 

member of the Army Profession, albeit an aspiring 

professional or apprentice.

The task at hand is to develop and certify you in the

Army Profession of character, commitment, and

competence. The responsibility for each individual’s 

development and certification is a mutual one, a trusted 

bond, shared between you and the Army.

The first certification in becoming an Army Professional

is the most critical one. This involves providing you with 

the knowledge and skills to serve as a practicing 

professional in your first unit of assignment.
26 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Chapter 3 – The Reception Battalion

3-1. The Path

Welcome to the Reception Battalion. By being here, this 

means that you have met your initial entry qualification 

requirements. While at the Military Entrance Processing 

Station you underwent a battery of aptitude tests and 

medical examinations to determine if you were qualified 

for military service. Congratulations, you passed! 

Now that you have taken the Armed Services Vocational 

Aptitude Battery, know what your future military 

occupational specialty (MOS) will be, have signed your 

enlistment contract and are sworn into the United States 

Army, it is time for you to begin the transformation to

becoming a Soldier.

You are at one of the following Basic Combat Training/

One Station Unit Training locations:

• Fort Benning, Georgia

• Fort Jackson, South Carolina

• Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri

• Fort Sill, Oklahoma

If your MOS is 11B/11C (Infantryman), 19D (Cavalry 

Scout), 19K (Armor Crewman), 12B (Combat Engineer) 

or 31B (Military Police Officer), you will conduct your 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 27

Basic Combat Training and occupational skills training in 

one course. This is called “One Station Unit Training” or 

“OSUT” and is conducted at Fort Benning for 11B and 

19K Soldiers, and at Fort Leonard Wood for 12B and 

31B Soldiers. 

All other Soldiers will go through “Basic Combat

Training” or “BCT” at one of the four locations listed 

above, and upon completion, will attend a follow-on 

course called “Advanced Individual Training” or “AIT.” 

This course may be at the same installation as your BCT 

training or may be at another location.

While at the Reception Battalion, you will undergo further 

medical, dental and administrative screening. You will 

receive a standard military haircut, be issued your initial 

clothing issue to include physical fitness and Army 

Combat Uniforms (ACUs), footwear and miscellaneous 

clothing items. You will be taught how to properly wear 

the clothing issued and begin to learn the basics of 

military culture. 

Your actions and ability to follow instructions will be 

monitored carefully. A drill sergeant or processing 

sergeant will take you through the stations required for 

you to enter into the Army. 

Follow all instructions and pay attention to detail. One of 

the key elements to being successful in the Army is 

ensuring you understand what is required of you and ask 

questions if you are unsure. 
28 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

A typical stay in the Reception Battalion lasts from 3-5 

days for BCT Soldiers and 5-7 days for OSUT Soldiers.

When you complete reception in-processing, you will be 

assigned to a training company. Drill sergeants will pick 

you up at the Reception Battalion and travel with you to 

your BCT or OSUT company location.

Eagle Cash Stored Value Card: While at the 

Reception Battalion, you will be issued a Stored Value 

Card. The stored value card reduces cash/check 

operations for initial trainee advance. The card can be 

used at the Army and Air Force Exchange Service sites 

(barber shops, clothing sales, and Post Exchange 

facilities). 

Any remaining value at expiration is returned to the 

Soldier; however, spending the full amount prior to 

completion of training is encouraged. Advance amounts 

are $350 for males 

and females. The 

Value Card will 

expire 45 days from 

initial issue to 

Soldiers at the 

Reception Battalion. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 29

3-2. Critical Information Needed Upfront

During your stay at the Reception Battalion, BCT or 

OSUT, you will be expected to read, study, and 

memorize as necessary various information. The 

purpose of the information is to introduce and reinforce 

who we are as Army Professionals and what we 

represent as Soldiers. Your job is to fully understand, 

comprehend and at times demonstrate your proficiency 

by reciting it to the drill sergeant and leaders either 

individually or as a group. 

Information identified by a “star” requires 

comprehension by memorization.

3-3 . The Battle Buddy System

Soldiers rely on one another to stay motivated and reach 

peak performance. Although required in Initial Military 

Training, Soldiers will form natural bonds with their fellow 

Soldiers as part of Army culture. To contribute to this 

team spirit, we live by the buddy system. A buddy team 

is usually defined as two Soldiers in the same unit who 

look after each other at all times. 

By getting to know other Soldiers on a professional and 

personal level, you learn how to improve yourself and 

encourage others. Working together, you and your 

battle buddy learn initiative, responsibility, trust, and 

dependability. 
30 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

While at the Reception Battalion, BCT, OSUT and AIT,

same-gender Soldiers (male-male and female-female) 

are placed in buddy teams. With the requirement to 

excel in Army training, some Soldiers need more positive 

reinforcement than others. For that reason, you may 

also be paired based on your strengths, so you and your 

buddy can complement each other’s weaknesses. 

Battle Buddy responsibilities:

• Never leave your buddy alone

• Never let your buddy go into an office or room by 

themselves; even if a drill sergeant, platoon 

sergeant or instructor says it’s okay

• Keep your buddy safe and free from harm

• Know the whereabouts of your buddy at all times

• Pass information to your buddy

• Encourage and support your buddy to train harder 

and do better

• Help your buddy solve problems

• Inform Cadre of any changes in your buddy’s 

behavior

In the end, the most rewarding part of the buddy system 

is making every Soldier your buddy; for any one of them 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 31

could help you accomplish your mission or save your life 

in combat.

3-4. Army Values

Our ethical and moral foundation as Soldiers are codified 

in the seven Army Values—

Loyal, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, Honor, 

Integrity, and Personal Courage. 

They are at the core of who we are as individuals, as 

Soldiers, as Professionals and as Americans. Whether 

on or off-duty, Soldiers live these values every day. 

The easiest way to remember the Army Values is 

through the acronym “LDRSHIP”.
32 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

LOYALTY: Bear true faith and allegiance to the U.S. 

Constitution, the Army, your unit, and other 

Soldiers. 

Bearing true faith and allegiance is a matter of believing 

in and dedicating yourself to the United States of 

America and the U.S. Army. A loyal Soldier is one who 

supports his or her leader and stands up for fellow 

Soldiers. By wearing the uniform of the U.S. Army you 

are expressing your loyalty to the Nation, family, and 

your fellow Soldiers. 

DUTY: Fulfill your obligations.

Doing your duty means carrying out your assigned tasks 

and being able to accomplish the mission as part of a 

team. Duty also requires you to work hard every day to 

be a better Soldier. Everyone in our Army contributes to 

the mission if they do their duty. 

RESPECT: Treat people as they should be treated.

In the Soldier’s Creed, we pledge to “treat others with 

dignity and respect while expecting others to do the 

same.” Respect allows us to appreciate the best in other 

people. Respect is trusting that all people have done 

their jobs and fulfilled their duty. Self-respect is also a 

vital ingredient and is a result from knowing you have put 

forth your best effort. The Army is one team, and all 

contribute best when they are treated with respect.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 33

SELFLESS SERVICE: Put the welfare of the Nation, 

the Army, and your subordinates before your own.

In serving your country, you are doing your duty loyally 

without thought of recognition, reward, or personal 

comfort. Selfless services is the commitment of each 

team member to go a little further, endure a little longer, 

and look a little closer to see how he or she can add to 

the team effort without thought of personal gain. 

HONOR: Live up to Army Values.

Honor is a matter of carrying out, acting, and living the 

values of respect, duty, loyalty, selfless service, integrity, 

and personal courage in everything you do. It is always 

doing what you know is right even when no one is 

looking.

INTEGRITY: Do what’s right, legally and morally.

Integrity is a quality you develop by adhering to moral 

principles. Once lost, it is the hardest to recover. It 

requires that you do and say nothing that deceives 

others. As your integrity strengthens, so does the trust 

others place in you. Trust is one of the most important 

things in our profession. The more choices you make 

based on integrity, the more this highly prized value will 

characterize your relationships with Family and friends, 

and finally, define you as a person and a Soldier.
34 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

PERSONAL COURAGE: Face and overcome fear, 

danger or adversity (physical or moral).

Personal courage has long been associated with our 

Army. Courage is a matter of enduring physical duress 

and at times risking personal safety. Facing fear or 

adversity may require continuing forward on the right

path, especially if taking those actions is not popular with 

others. You can build your personal courage by daily 

standing up for and acting upon the things that you know 

are right. 

3-5 Sexual Harassment /Assault Response & 

Prevention (SHARP)

A Soldier in the United States Army stands strong - a 

member of a band of brothers and sisters bound 

together by timeless values and sharing a sense of trust 

with and duty and loyalty to their fellow Soldiers that is 

unlike any other in the world.

Their willingness 

to sacrifice for 

each other, to 

never leave a 

fallen comrade, is 

what makes a 

Soldier strong - on 

the battlefield, and 

off. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 35

When sexual harassment or sexual assault occurs, it is 

not only a direct violation of our Army Core Values and 

Warrior Ethos, but also an assault on what it means to 

serve in the Profession of Arms and the Army way of life 

- a life in which it is our duty to protect and take care of 

each other no matter the time, place, or circumstance. 

As a band of brothers and sisters, we have a personal 

and professional duty to intervene and prevent sexual 

harassment and sexual assault.

Sexual assault is a crime. It betrays victims and their 

Families; erodes the bedrock of trust upon which the 

Profession of Arms is grounded; and has a corrosive 

effect on our unit readiness, team cohesion, and 

command environment.

The damage resulting from sexual assault extends far 

beyond the victim, weakening the very health and 

morale of our Soldiers, breaking the bond of trust within 

our team, shattering the confidence Soldiers have in one 

another, and 

undermining unit 

readiness. Sexual 

assault can be 

prevented. As 

Soldiers, our Core 

Values demand 

that we act to stop 

these behaviors.
36 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

There are no passive bystanders. Passive bystanders 

who do not assist, do not report, and do not try to help 

their fellow Soldiers as they see sexual harassment or 

sexual assaults occur are part of the problem. We must 

protect our team members. When we see or sense the 

risk of sexual harassment or sexual assault, we have a 

duty to intervene and protect our fellow Soldiers

At the Reception Battalion and during the initial phase of 

BCT and OSUT, Army leaders will provide you with 

information designed to inform, protect and prevent you 

from becoming a victim of sexual harassment and 

assault, and if you do become a victim, provide you with 

options for reporting the incident and getting help.

WHAT IS I. A.M. STRONG?

Intervene, Act, and Motivate (I. A.M.) STRONG is the 

Army's campaign to combat sexual harassment and 

sexual assault by engaging all Soldiers in preventing 

sexual assault before they occur.

INTERVENE When I recognize a threat to my fellow 

Soldiers, I will have the personal courage to 

INTERVENE and prevent sexual assault. I will condemn 

acts of sexual harassment. I will not abide obscene 

gestures, language, or behavior. I am a Warrior and a 

member of a team. I will INTERVENE.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 37

ACT You are my brother, my sister, my fellow Soldier. It 

is my duty to stand up for you, no matter the time or 

place. I will take ACTION. I will do what’s right. I will 

prevent sexual harassment and sexual assault. I will not 

tolerate sexually offensive behavior. I will ACT.

MOTIVATE We are American Soldiers, MOTIVATED to 

keep our fellow Soldiers safe. It is our mission to 

prevent sexual harassment and sexual assault. We will 

denounce sexual misconduct. As Soldiers, we are all 

MOTIVATED to take action. We are 

strongest...together.

3-6. Suicide Prevention

Everyone has the power and responsibility to protect

Soldiers on and off the battlefield. This includes

recognizing uncharacteristic and suicidal behaviors.

Effective suicide prevention requires 

everyone in the unit to be aware of the 

risk factors for suicide and know how 

to respond. Commanders, NCOs, 

supervisors and battle buddies must 

lead the way.

If a Soldier seems suicidal, the time to 

take action is NOW. Talk to the 

Soldier before it is too late.
38 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

What to Look For: Warning Signs

Distress can lead to the development of unhealthy

behaviors. People closest to the Soldier (fellow Soldiers, 

family, friends) are in the best position to recognize 

changes due to distress and to provide support.

Look For:

• Comments that suggest 

thoughts or plans of 

suicide

• Rehearsal of suicidal acts

• Giving away possessions

• Obsession with death and

dying

• Uncharacteristic 

behaviors 

• Significant change in 

performance

• Appearing overwhelmed 

by recent stressor(s)

• Depressed mood; hopelessness

• Withdrawal from social activities
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 39

3-7. The Soldier’s Creed and Warrior Ethos

The Soldier's Creed addresses the set of principles that 

all Soldiers strive to emulate. It captures the essence of 

what it means to be a Soldier. 

The Warrior Ethos—within the Soldier’s Creed—

describes a Soldier’s selfless commitment to the nation, 

the mission, and fellow Soldiers. 

All Soldiers are warriors—prepared, trained and fully 

equipped for war. Soldiers destroy the enemy in close 

combat, resolve conflict, and then restore the peace. 

They are also part of a 

team, bound to each 

other by integrity and 

trust. 

As Soldiers, you will 

always be under some 

level of physical and 

mental stress, regardless 

of your rank or specialty. 

Living by the Soldier’s 

Creed and Warrior Ethos 

provides the inner 

strength and motivation 

you need to continue 

performing your duty and 

executing your mission.
40 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 41

3-8. The BCT / One Station Unit Training (OSUT) / 

Advanced Individual Training (AIT) “Golden Rules”

#1 DO NOT bully, haze, assault or harass a fellow 

Soldier

 DO help and assist your teammate

#2 DO NOT use vulgar language, rude gestures or 

discriminate against others

 DO treat everyone with dignity and respect

#3 DO NOT kiss, attempt to kiss or touch a fellow 

Soldier

 DO respect your teammate’s personal space

#4 DO NOT steal or take something that does not 

belong to you

 DO build trust with teammates through your 

ethical and disciplined actions

#5 DO NOT go anywhere without your battle buddy

 DO report violations of policies and 

regulations to your platoon and company 

leadership
42 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Chapter 4 – BCT / OSUT / AIT

4-1. What to Expect

BCT and OSUT builds character, instills discipline and 

Army Values, improves physical conditioning, and 

teaches basic combat and occupational skills. All of 

these contribute in the development of your individual 

skills and knowledge, resulting in a Soldier capable of 

serving as a member of a team in your First Unit of 

Assignment.

BCT / OSUT / AIT are training courses that transform 

civilians into Soldiers. Over the course of a number of 

weeks you will develop the character, commitment and 

competence skills and knowledge to succeed as a 

Soldier.

BCT – 10 weeks

11B/C (Infantryman) OSUT – 13 weeks, 3 days

12B (Combat Engineer) OSUT – 14 weeks

19D (Cavalry Scout) OSUT – 16 weeks

19K (Armor Crewman) OSUT – 15 weeks

31B (Military Police Officer) OSUT – 19 weeks, 1 day

AIT – Varies by Military Occupational Specialty
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 43

4-2. The Training Company – Your Unit

Upon arrival to your training company, the drill sergeants 

and cadre will in-process you and assign you to a 

platoon, which is a group of 60 Soldiers and 3 drill 

sergeants. Your Drill Sergeants are a mix of highly 

qualified male and female NCOs with 5-10 years of 

experience in the Army.

The Company Commander (Captain) is in charge of the 

Company. The Commander establishes policy and has 

legal discipline authority over you and all assigned 

company personnel. 

The Commander is assisted by the First Sergeant (1SG) 

who is the master trainer and supervises the drill 

sergeants and other Soldiers and Civilians assigned to 

the Company. 

There are 10 - 12 drill sergeants assigned to the 

company. They are responsible for the training and 

testing you receive. You will also see a Supply Sergeant 

(could be a civilian) who is responsible for the linen, 

pillows, cleaning supplies and the work orders needed to 

maintain the Company. 

The training NCO or Training Officer/Executive Officer

(XO) is responsible for updating and maintaining training 

records and the coordination of each day’s training 

events. 
44 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

4-3. Safe and Secure Environment

The Army provides a safe living and learning 

environment for all Soldiers. When you arrive at your 

company you will notice security measures established 

to protect you and your battle buddy. 

Alarms are placed on doors that separate male and 

female Soldiers. This is to ensure no unauthorized entry 

during lights out or sleeping hours. Do not prop doors 

open or allow unauthorized persons to enter your 

barracks bay or sleeping area. 

Cameras are installed in common areas (hallways, 

stairwells, lobbies, etc.) to assist cadre with identifying 

any misconduct during all hours of the day and night. 

The Army installed SHARP hotline telephones in the 

barracks to assist Soldiers in reporting incidents. These 

hotlines are located in common areas and have multiple 

lines to allow Soldiers to report incidents of abuse 

without the stigma associated with using the hotline. 

Upon arrival to your Basic Combat Training location you 

will receive a briefing on SHARP and introduced to the 

individuals who are assigned as the Sexual Assault 

Response Coordinator (SARC) and the Victim Advocate 

(VA). 

These are the NCOs and or civilians that will provide you 

with contact information to be used if violations are 

observed during your training. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 45

Their names and contact information are posted 

throughout the barracks and company area.

Write their names and contact information in the area 

provided in the front of the Blue Book.

4-4. Drill sergeants

A drill sergeant is a symbol of excellence in initial entry 

training, is an expert in all 

warrior tasks and battle drills, 

lives the Army Values, 

exemplifies the Warrior Ethos, 

and most importantly is the 

epitome of the Army as a 

Profession. 

A drill sergeant wears the distinctive “campaign hat” or 

“bush hat” and is responsible for coaching, counseling, 

mentoring and transforming Soldiers like you from a 

civilian volunteer to a 

combat-ready Soldier.
46 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Like the distinctive headgear

they wear, each drill sergeant 

proudly wears their drill sergeant 

badge on their uniform. 

Like most things in the Army, 

each element of the badge has a 

specific meaning.

It consists of 13 stars representing the original colonies.

The torch, burning brightly in the center, symbolizes 

liberty. The snake is derived from the original "Don't 

Tread on Me" serpent, a symbol of American 

independence during the 18th century. Together with 

the torch and breastplate, it indicates readiness to 

defend. The breastplate is a symbol of strength. The 

green background is a vestment worn under the 

breastplate and called a Jupon, which represents the 

new Army. The snake grasps, with his tail and teeth, a 

scroll inscribed with the Army’s motto "This We'll 

Defend."

The heritage of the drill sergeant and NCO reaches back 

to the Revolutionary War and carries through to today’s 

Army. Drill sergeants provide inspiration, discipline and 

technical competence within unit formations. 

Your drill sergeant is committed to helping you succeed!
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 47

I am a Drill Sergeant

I will assist each individual in their efforts to become a highly 

motivated, well disciplined, physically and mentally fit Soldier, 

capable of defeating any enemy on today’s modern battlefield.

I will instill pride in all I train, pride in Self, in the Army, and in 

Country.

I will insist that each Soldier meets and maintains the Army’s 

standards of military bearing and courtesy, consistent with the 

highest traditions of the U.S. Army. 

I will lead by example, never requiring a Soldier to attempt any 

task I would not do myself.

But First, Last, and Always, I am an American Soldier, sworn to 

defend the Constitution of the United Sates against all 

enemies, both foreign and domestic.

I am a Drill Sergeant.
48 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

4-5. The Soldierization Process

Initial Entry Soldiers undergo a five-phase training 

program that prepares you for the transition from civilian 

volunteer to Professional Soldier. The advancement 

through each phase is a major “stepping stone” in your 

life, because each stage repeatedly tests and pushes 

you to be the best. 

In a highly supervised environment, you will experience 

training that challenges you physically and mentally.

Successful Soldiers model the actions, behaviors, and 

Army Values exhibited by your drill sergeants and AIT 

platoon sergeants. 

Each of the five phases is essential. They are identified 

by colors; each phase signifies a specific turning point in 

becoming a Soldier. 

The Red, White, and Blue phases are part of BCT and 

the first 9 weeks of OSUT. The Black and Gold phases 

are part of AIT and the latter weeks of OSUT. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 49

4-6. Military Time

With Soldiering being a 24-hour a day job, it is only fitting 

that military time is expressed using 24 hours. As a 

global military force, the U.S. Army constantly 

coordinates with bases and personnel located in other 

time zones. To avoid confusion due to time differences, 

the military uses Greenwich Mean Time, commonly 

referred to as military time. 

Civilian 

Time

Military 

Time

Civilian 

Time

Military 

Time

12:00 

Midnight

0000 12:00 

Noon

1200

12:01 AM 0001 1:00 PM 1300

1:00 AM 0100 2:00 PM 1400

2:00 AM 0200 3:00 PM 1500

3:00 AM 0300 4:00 PM 1600

4:00 AM 0400 5:00 PM 1700

5:00 AM 0500 6:00 PM 1800

6:00 AM 0600 7:00 PM 1900

7:00 AM 0700 8:00 PM 2000

8:00 AM 0800 9:00 PM 2100

9:00 AM 0900 10:00 PM 2200

10:00 AM 1000 11:00 PM 2300

11:00 AM 1100 11:59 PM 2359
50 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

4-7. Daily Schedule

Typical schedule during BCT/OSUT:

0500 – First Call

0530 – Physical Readiness Training

0630 – Breakfast

0830 – Training

1200 – Lunch

1300 – Training

1700 – Dinner

1800 – Drill Sergeant Time

2030 – Personal Time

2130 – Lights-Out

4-8. Basic Combat 

Training

Red Phase. You begin 

the Soldierization 

process by learning

discipline, standards, 

values and teamwork. 

In the Red phase, you 

will learn about Warrior Ethos, first aid, sexual 

harassment/assault response and prevention programs, 

customs and courtesies, and resiliency techniques. You 

will also participate in physical readiness training, road 

marches, confidence building exercises, and learn how 

to march in a military formation.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 51

White Phase. You will learn rifle marksmanship and 

qualify on your assigned weapon. You will also continue 

your physical readiness training along with negotiating 

an obstacle course and train in the 

field on the basic Soldier skills 

necessary to meet the needs of an 

expeditionary Army known as” 

Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills”. 

These skills help develop your 

confidence in becoming a strong 

member of the Army team. 

Blue Phase. This phase builds upon 

what you learned over the past two 

phases and reinforces the basic 

combat skills with a focus on 

teamwork and discipline. You will 

learn to operate additional weapons

used by the Army. You will throw live 

hand grenades, train in urban 

operations and survive multiple days 

in a field environment. 

After passing all your BCT 

tests and challenges, you 

qualify to wear the Army 

Black Beret as a Rite of 

Passage.
52 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

4-9. Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills

The Army has identified various basic Warrior Tasks and 

Battle Drills (WTBDs) that all Soldiers are required to 

train in order to succeed on the battlefield. These 

WTBDs are taught in basic combat training and cover 

critical skills associated with the ability to shoot, move, 

communicate, survive, and adapt. 

While in the Reception Battalion, you received a copy of 

the Soldier’s Manual of Common Tasks, Warrior Skills 

Level 1 (STP-21-1-SMCT). This manual covers all of the 

WTBDs you are required to know. 

Shoot: You will become proficient with your weapon 

and learn how to maintain, employ, and engage targets 

as well as how to properly handle and employ hand 

grenades. 

• Maintain, employ, and engage targets with 

individually assigned weapon system

• Employ hand grenades

Move: You will learn how to move tactically on the 

ground by practicing individual movement techniques. 

You will learn how to navigate from one point to another 

and how to move under fire. 

• Perform individual movement techniques

• Navigate from one point to another

• Move under fire
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 53

Communicate: Communication training focuses on 

using modern technology to convey information 

effectively. You will learn equipment and procedures to 

become a more technically savvy Soldier and an 

effective communicator.

• Perform voice communications

• Use visual signaling techniques

Survive: Experience in handling the pressures of

modern warfare is critical for Soldier survival. Practice in 

survival tasks helps you to react properly to hostile fire, 

enemy threats, and to maintain situational awareness.

• React to chemical, biological, radiological, and 

nuclear attack/hazard

• Perform immediate lifesaving measures

• Perform counter Improvised Explosive Device

• Maintain Situational Awareness

• Perform Combatives

Adapt: Soldiers must be able to adapt to any situation.

• Assess and Respond to Threats (Escalation of 

Force)

• Adapt to changing operational environments

• Grow professionally and personally (Build 

Resilience)
54 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Battle Drills: A battle drill is a collective action 

performed by a platoon, squad or team that requires no 

planning, but is conducted as routine action when events 

dictate a response.

• React to contact

• Establish security at the halt

• Perform actions as a member of a mounted patrol

• Perform Tactical Combat Casualty care

• React to Indirect Fire (Dismounted)

• React to Ambush (near/far) 

4-10. BCT Graduation Requirements

You must successfully accomplish the following 

requirements to graduate from Basic Combat Training...

 Complete the Army physical fitness test (APFT) by 

scoring at least 50 points in each event. 

In order to graduate from OSUT/AIT you must 

score at least 60 points in each event. [Goal is to 

achieve 80 points or higher for your age/gender.]

 Safely handle, provide proper maintenance, zero 

and qualify with your individual weapon.

 Demonstrate proficiency in the wear of the 

chemical protective mask.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 55

 Demonstrate proficiency in the Warrior Tasks and 

Battle Drills.

 Demonstrate proficiency in basic First Aid 

techniques. 

 Complete the obstacle and confidence courses.

 Complete combatives training. 

 Throw live hand grenade.

 Complete all tactical foot marches.

 Complete the tactical field training and/ or

situational training exercises (FTXs/STXs).

4-11. AIT/OSUT

In AIT and the final phases of OSUT, you will be trained 

in your selected MOS (job training) and continue the 

physical conditioning required for you to excel in your 

future unit. 

During the Black and Gold phases, you will receive 

classroom instructions, hands-on training, and field 

training to enable you to become a valued team member 

as you transfer to your first unit of assignment. 

Black Phase. The Black Phase or sometimes referred 

to as “Phase IV” is the first phase of comprehensive 

MOS training that occurs during weeks 10-13 of OSUT 

and the initial start of AIT. 
56 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

This phase will begin to develop your skills in your Army 

specialty through hands-on training, classroom 

instruction, and opportunities to apply those skills during 

various training exercises. 

During Personal Financial Management Training, you 

will receive 8 hours of specialized training in how to 

handle your finances. Upon completion of the finance 

training, you will be issued a certificate. Ensure you take 

this certificate to your first unit of assignment, or you will 

be required to retake the training. 

Gold Phase. The Gold Phase or sometimes referred to 

as “Phase V” is the final and most progressive stage that 

covers weeks 14-20+ of OSUT/AIT and the longer 

periods associated with specific MOSs. 

The phase ends with a tactical FTX/STX where you will 

apply the knowledge and experience you gained from 

basic combat training and most recent MOS training and 

apply it in a simulated environment.

Graduation Requirements. AIT consists of many 

different career fields. The major requirements of AIT 

vary depending on your military occupational specialty, 

but there are general goals Soldiers must complete. 

To graduate from AIT/OSUT, you must work effectively 

as a team member; pass the Army Physical Fitness Test 

with a minimum score of 60 points in each event, and 

pass all AIT/OSUT requirements for your MOS. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 57

During your entry into the Army, during your training, 

and/or final phases of AIT/OSUT, if you visually appear 

to be marginal or exceed body fat content standards, 

IAW Army Regulation (AR) 40-501 Body Fat Standards, 

you will be taped. If you exceed the body fat standards 

you will have six months (180 days) upon entering the 

Army to meet weight/body fat compliance with AR 600-9.

4-12. What is the Difference between drill sergeants 

and AIT platoon sergeants?

In AIT, you will be assigned to a different unit and will 

now have platoon sergeants and squad leaders instead 

of drill sergeants. 

The difference between drill sergeants and AIT platoon 

sergeants is the environment in which they train you. 

Your basic combat training experience will be highly 

supervised by drill sergeants as you are encouraged and 

evaluated on your ability to reach the highest Army 

standards. 

During AIT and the latter portion of OSUT, your training 

environment changes to one that best prepares you for 

your first unit of assignment. You will learn MOS skills 

and additional Soldier skills in an atmosphere geared to 

prepare you for the performance of that occupational 

specialty in a unit. 
58 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The roles of drill sergeants and AIT platoon sergeants 

are comparable even though they train Soldiers during 

different phases of initial entry training. Drill sergeants 

transform new recruits into Soldiers 

AIT platoon sergeants, squad leaders and MOS 

instructors train Soldiers to become proficient at their 

Army job/MOS and prepare them for their transition to 

their first assignment. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 59

AIT PLATOON SERGEANT CREED

I AM AN AIT PLATOON SERGEANT

I embody the Army Values and adhere to the highest 

standards of ethical conduct. I will share my knowledge 

and experience, and enforce the Army Standards in 

every Soldier by demonstrating character, competence, 

and commitment.

I will reinforce Warrior Task and Battle Drills, ensuring all 

Soldiers are prepared to win the wars of this great 

nation.

I am physically fit, an effective communicator and a 

sound administrator. I will never ask my Soldiers to do 

anything I would not do myself.

It is an honor to guide Soldiers through the transition 

process. I am a leader and will always conduct myself as 

a professional.

I AM AN AIT PLATOON SERGEANT
60 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Chapter 5 – Personal Appearance and 

Uniforms

5-1. Personal Appearance

Personal appearance is important—it demonstrates the 

pride and self-discipline you feel as a Soldier in the U.S. 

Army. Being neat and well groomed contributes to the 

esprit de corps in your unit. Your uniform should fit well 

and be clean, serviceable, and pressed as necessary.

Your uniform is only part of your appearance. To look 

like a Soldier, you need to be physically fit, meet 

acceptable weight standards, and have a neat hairstyle 

in accordance with Army regulations. 

Note: While attending BCT/OSUT/AIT some of the 

personal appearance allowances may be restricted while 

undergoing training. Your drill sergeants, platoon 

sergeants and instructors will inform you of these 

restrictions.

Note: Reference AR 670-1 for additional inquiries 

concerning Army uniforms and awards.

http://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/pdf/r670_1.pdf

Note: When traveling from BCT to AIT wear of the Army 

Service Uniform (ASU) is required.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 61

Hairstyles

While at BCT, you will receive a standard haircut which 

will be shorter than many of you have had since “grade 

school.” The purpose of the short cut is for hygiene 

purposes because of the extensive physical and outdoor 

activities you will undertake over the next 10 weeks.

Once you graduate from BCT, you can get a haircut that 

may be more in taste to your desires but it will still need 

to stay within the hairstyle mandated by Army regulation. 

Most Army Air Force Exchange Store (AAFES) barbers 

have a poster which shows authorized haircut styles. 

For male personnel, the hair must not fall over the ears 

or eyebrows, or touch the collar (except for closely cut 

hair at the back of the neck).

• Hair should be tapered, except that "block cut" in 

the back is permitted in moderate degree.

• Neither the bulk nor length of hair may interfere 

with the wearing of military headgear.

• Sideburns must be neatly trimmed, not flared, and 

must not extend downward beyond the lowest part 

of the exterior ear opening.

• The face must be clean-shaven.

• If a mustache is worn after graduation from 

BCT/OSUT/AIT, it must be neatly trimmed.
62 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

• No part of the mustache will cover the upper lip 

line or extend horizontally beyond or below the 

corner points of the mouth where the upper and 

lower lips join.

Male Grooming Standards

For female personnel, the requirements for hair 

regulations are to maintain uniformity within a military 

population for female Soldiers while in uniform, or in 

civilian clothes on duty, unless otherwise specified. 

Female hairstyles may not be eccentric or faddish and 

will present a conservative, professional appearance. 

For the purpose of these regulations, female hairstyles 

are organized into three basic categories: short length, 

medium length, and long length hair.

Short length. Short hair is defined as hair length that 

extends no more than 1 inch from the scalp (excluding 

bangs). Hair may be no shorter than 1/4 inch from the 

scalp (unless due to medical condition or injury), but may 

be evenly tapered to the scalp within 2 inches of the hair 

line edges. Bangs, if worn, may not fall below the 

eyebrows, may not interfere with the wear of all 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 63

headgear, must lie neatly against the head, and not be 

visible underneath the front of the headgear. The width 

of the bangs may extend to the hairline at the temple.

Medium length. Medium hair is defined as hair length 

that does not extend beyond the lower edge of the collar 

(in all uniforms), and extends more than 1 inch from the 

scalp. Medium hair may fall naturally in uniform, and is 

not required to be secured. When worn loose, 

graduated hair styles are acceptable, but the length, as 

measured from the end of the total hair length to the 

base of the collar, may not exceed 1 inch difference in 

length, from the front to the back. Layered hairstyles are 

also authorized, so long as each hair’s length, as 

measured from the scalp to the hair’s end, is generally 

the same length giving a tapered appearance. The 

regulations for the wear of bangs detailed above, apply. 

No portion of the bulk of the hair, as measured from the 

scalp, will exceed 2 inches.

Long length. Long hair is defined as hair length that 

extends beyond the lower edge of the collar. Long hair 

will be neatly and inconspicuously fastened or pinned, 

except that bangs may be worn. The regulations for the 

wear of bangs detailed above, apply. No portion of the 

bulk of the hair, as measured from the scalp, will exceed 

2 inches (except a bun, which may extend a maximum of 

3 inches from the scalp) and be no wider than the width 

of the head.
64 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Recent changes to the Army regulation now allow

female Soldiers to wear their hair in two-strand twists. 

The Army also increased the size of acceptable braids.

Jewelry

A wrist watch, identification bracelet, and up to two rings 

(a wedding set is considered to be one ring) may be 

worn with your uniform as long as they are conservative 

and tasteful. You may wear a religious medal on a chain 

around your neck provided neither medal nor chain can 

be seen.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 65

Once you graduate from BCT/OSUT/AIT, female 

personnel are authorized to wear prescribed earrings 

with the ASU. 

Earrings may be screw-on, clip-on, or post-type earrings, 

in gold, silver, white pearl, or diamond. The earrings will 

not exceed 6 mm or 1⁄4 inch in diameter, and they must 

be unadorned and spherical. When worn, the earrings 

will fit snugly against the ear. Females may wear 

earrings only as a matched pair, with only one earring 

per ear lobe. 

Note: Females are not authorized to wear earrings with 

any class C (utility) uniform (ACU, hospital duty, food 

service, physical fitness, field, or organizational).

Body Piercing

Except for earrings worn by female Soldiers when 

wearing the ASU, no displaying objects, articles, jewelry, 

or ornamentation attached or affixed to or through the 

skin may be worn while in uniform. Neither can such 

adornments be worn while wearing civilian clothes (on or 

off duty) when on any military installation, or other places 

under military control. Females may wear any type of 

earrings off duty, on or off military installations.

Cosmetics

Standards regarding cosmetics are necessary to 

maintain uniformity and to avoid an extreme or 

unprofessional appearance. Males are prohibited from 
66 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

wearing cosmetics, except when medically prescribed. 

Females are authorized to wear cosmetics with all 

uniforms, provided they are applied modestly and 

conservatively, and that they complement both the 

Soldier’s complexion and the uniform. Leaders at all 

levels must exercise good judgment when interpreting 

and enforcing this policy.

Eccentric, exaggerated, or faddish cosmetic styles and 

colors, to include makeup designed to cover tattoos, are 

inappropriate with the uniform and are prohibited. 

Permanent makeup, such as eyebrow or eyeliner, is 

authorized as long as the makeup conforms to the 

standards outlined above. Eyelash extensions are not 

authorized unless medically prescribed. 

Females will not wear shades of lipstick that distinctly 

contrast with the natural color of their lips, that detract 

from the uniform, or that are faddish, eccentric, or 

exaggerated.

Females will comply with the cosmetics policy while in 

any military uniform or while in civilian clothes on duty.

Fingernails 

All personnel will keep fingernails clean and neatly 

trimmed. 

Males will keep nails trimmed so as not to extend 

beyond the fingertip.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 67

Females will not exceed a nail length of 1⁄4 inch, as 

measured from the tip of the finger. Females will also 

trim nails shorter if the commander determines that the 

longer length detracts from the military image, presents 

a safety concern, or interferes with the performance of 

duties.

Tattoos

Note: Violation of tattoos policy by Soldiers may result in 

adverse administrative action and/or charges under the 

provisions of the Uniform Code of Military Justice 

(UCMJ).

Tattoos and brands are permanent markings that are 

difficult to reverse (in terms of financial cost, discomfort, 

and effectiveness of removal techniques). Before 

obtaining either a tattoo or a brand, Soldiers should 

consider talking to unit leaders to ensure that they 

understand the Army tattoo and brand policy. The words 

tattoo and brand are interchangeable in regards to this 

policy.

The following types of tattoos or brands are prejudicial to 

good order and discipline and are, therefore, prohibited 

anywhere on a Soldier’s body:

• Extremist. Extremist tattoos or brands are those 

affiliated with, depicting, or symbolizing extremist 

philosophies, organizations, or activities. Extremist 

philosophies, organizations, and activities are 
68 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

those which advocate racial, gender, or ethnic 

hatred or intolerance; advocate, create, or engage 

in illegal discrimination based on race, color, 

gender, ethnicity, religion, or national origin; or 

advocate violence or other unlawful means of 

depriving individual rights under the U.S. 

Constitution, and Federal or State law (see AR 

600–20).

• Indecent. Indecent tattoos or brands are those that 

are grossly offensive to modesty, decency, 

propriety, or professionalism.

• Sexist. Sexist tattoos or brands are those that 

advocate a philosophy that degrades or demeans 

a person based on gender.

• Racist. Racist tattoos or brands are those that 

advocate a philosophy that degrades or demeans 

a person based on race, ethnicity, or national 

origin.

Tattoos or brands, regardless of subject matter, are 

prohibited on certain areas of the body as follows:

• Soldiers are prohibited from having tattoos or 

brands on the head, face (except for permanent 

makeup, neck (anything above the t-shirt neck line 

to include on/inside the eyelids, mouth, and ears), 

wrists, hands, or fingers. 

• Soldiers may have no more than four visible 

tattoos below the elbow (to the wrist bone) or 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 69

below the knee. The tattoos in these areas must 

be smaller than the size of the wearer’s hand with 

fingers extended and joined with the thumb 

touching the base of the index finger. The total 

count of all tattoos in these areas may not exceed 

a total of four.

• A single tattoo is defined as one or multiple tattoos 

spaced apart that can still be covered by a circle 

with a diameter of five inches. Tattoos spaced 

apart that cannot be covered by a circle with a 

diameter of five inches are considered separate 

tattoos.

• A band tattoo is a tattoo that fully encircles the 

circumference of the body part. Band tattoos may 

be no more than two inches in width. Each band 

tattoo counts as one authorized tattoo. Soldiers 

may have a total of one visible band tattoo on the 

body. The band tattoo may either be below one 

elbow (above the wrist bone) or below one knee.

• A sleeve tattoo is a tattoo that is a very large tattoo 

or a collection of smaller tattoos that covers or 

almost covers a person’s arm or leg. Sleeve 

tattoos are not authorized below the elbow or 

below the knee.

• Soldiers may not cover tattoos or brands with 

bandages or make up in order to comply with the 

tattoo policy.
70 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

5-2. Army Combat Uniform (ACU)

Boots

New boots should fit properly when you receive them.

• They should have a chance to air out between 

uses, so you should wear one pair one day and 

another pair the next. 

• Scrape dirt or mud from boots and wash with just 

a little water and soap. 

• Wipe insides dry with a clean cloth and remove all 

soapsuds from the outside. 

• Stuff paper in the toes and let boots dry in a warm, 

dry place. 

• Do not put boots in the hot sun or next to a strong 

source of heat. 

• Let boots dry. 

• Heels of boots should be replaced after wear of 

7/16 of an inch or more. 

Insignia placement

Each Soldier is responsible for having the correct 

insignia properly placed on their uniform, as follows: 

Shoulder sleeve insignia. 

Soldiers in both BCT and AIT who are in one of the 

following categories may wear organizational shoulder 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 71

sleeve insignia. Wear this insignia centered on the left 

sleeve. Subdued shoulder sleeve insignia will be worn 

on all field and work uniforms.

• Army National Guard (ARNG) and United States

Army Reserve (USAR) trainees are authorized to 

wear the insignia of their parent ARNG or USAR 

organization from the start of training. 

• Unit-of-choice trainees are authorized to wear, 

from the start of training, the insignia of the 

specific unit for which they enlisted. 

“U.S. ARMY" insignia: ACU

• Worn immediately above and parallel to the top 

edge of the left chest pocket.

• This insignia consists of black, 3/4-inch high block 

letters on a 1-inch wide by 4-1/2 inch long (or to 

the edges of the pocket flap) strip. The 

background can be either olive green or the 

universal camouflage pattern.

Name tape: ACU

• Worn immediately above and parallel to the top 

edge of the right chest pocket of all field and work 

uniform coats and shirts.

• It consists of black letters on a 1-inch wide by 4-

1/2 inch long (or to the edges of the pocket flap) 

strip of cloth. 
72 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

• Names of 10 letters or less will be printed in 3/4-

inch high Franklin Gothic Condensed.

• Names of 11 letters or more will be printed in 1/2-

inch high Franklin Gothic Extra Condensed.

• The name and U.S. Army tapes will be the same 

length.

Grade insignia: Army Combat Uniform 

Soldiers wear subdued (cloth) last name and U.S. Army 

identification insignia attached to Velcro. Grade insignia

is attached to Velcro area provided in center of the 

jacket flap. Soldier may sew on the U.S Army tape, 

name tape, rank and all authorized badges, as an 

option.

Belts and Buckles

The Desert Sand Riggers belt will be worn with the ACU.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 73

5-3 . Army Service Uniform (ASU)

Enlisted ASU (Male)
74 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Enlisted ASU (Female)
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 75

Grade Insignia: ASU

• The Army white shirt may be worn with or without 

the ASU coat, which is known as the Class B 

uniform.

• E-4s (Specialists) and below must always wear 

their grade insignia on the collars of the white 

shirt.

• Corporals and above must wear shoulder board 

grade insignia on the white shirt. 

Grade Insignia, Enlisted Shirt
76 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Male - U.S. and branch insignia

During initial entry training, males will wear the "U.S." 

insignia disk on both collars. 

The bottom of the insignia disk will be 1-inch above the 

notch where the collar meets the lapel, centered 

between the seam and the outside edge of the collar. 

The "U.S." or branch insignia will be canted parallel to 

the inside edge of the lapel on the ASU coat.

After completing AIT or OSUT, male Soldiers will wear 

military occupational specialty branch insignia on their 

left collar. 

On the male ASU jacket, the nametag will be worn on 

the right pocket flap, centered between the top of the 

pocket and the top of the button, centered on the flap 

and parallel to the ground.

The regimental crest will be worn 1/8-inch above the top 

of the right pocket and centered.

The Ribbons will be worn 1/8-inch above the top of the 

left pocket, centered on the pocket, and parallel to the 

floor.

The Qualification badges will be worn 1/8-inch down 

from the top of the pocket and centered on the flap with 

1-inch between badges if two are worn, and evenly 

spaced if three are worn. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 77

U.S and Branch Insignia, Enlisted Male

Female - U.S. and branch insignia

During initial-entry training, females will wear the "U.S." 

insignia on both collars.

The bottom of the insignia disk will be worn 5/8-inch 

above the notch where the collar meets the lapel, 

centered between the seam and the outside edge of the 

collar. The "U.S." or branch insignia will be positioned 

parallel to the inside edge of the lapel on the ASU coat.

After completing AIT or OSUT, female Soldiers will wear 

military occupational specialty branch insignia on their 

left collar.

On the female ASU coat, the bottom edge of the 

nameplate will be 1 to 2 inches above the top of the top 

button, centered on the right side of the uniform and 

parallel to the ground.
78 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The regimental crest will be worn 1⁄2-inch above the 

name plate or 1⁄4 inch above any unit awards or foreign 

badges that are worn.

The bottom edge of the ribbons will be parallel to the 

bottom edge of the name plate, and centered on the 

jacket.

The Qualification badges will be 1-inch below and 

centered on the ribbons, with 1-inch between badges. 

U.S and Branch Insignia, Enlisted Female

Belts and Buckles

The belt issued to Soldier’s to wear with the ASU is 

black webbed with a nickel under-plate for males and 

black cotton web for females.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 79

Patrol Cap

The patrol cap is standard headgear worn with the 

combat uniform in the garrison environment. The

patrol cap has a visor, circular top crown, side crown 

with an outside crown band, and a hook-and-loop pad on 

the back of the patrol cap

Soldiers will wear the patrol cap straight on the head so 

that the cap band creates a straight line around the

head, parallel to the ground. The patrol cap will fit snugly 

and comfortably around the largest part of the head 

without bulging or distortion from the intended shape of 

the headgear and without excessive gaps. No rolling of, 

blocking, or alterations to the cap are authorized. Rank 

insignia will be wore center front of the cap between the 

top seam and the bottom seam
80 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Beret

The beret is worn so that the headband (edge binding) is 

straight across the forehead, 1 inch above the eyebrows.

The flash is positioned over the left eye, and the excess 

material is draped over to the right ear, so it is extended 

to at least the top of the ear, and no lower than the 

middle of the ear.

Wear of Beret (Male and Female)

Personnel will cut off the ends of the adjusting ribbon 

and secure the ribbon knot inside the edge binding at the 

back of the beret.

When worn properly, the beret is formed to the shape of 

the head; therefore, Soldiers may not wear hairstyles 

that cause distortion of the beret. 

Note: IET Soldiers will not wear unit insignia on the beret 

until they arrive at their first unit of assignment.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 81

5-4. Awards and Decorations

Personal Decorations and Awards

Personal decorations and awards are bestowed upon an 

individual for his or her act of heroism, specific act of 

gallantry, or for meritorious service during military or 

non-military feats. 

Collective (Unit) Citations

Collective citations are made to an operating unit for 

outstanding performance inside or outside of the U.S. It 

is worn by only those persons who were members of 

that unit during the action or period specified by the 

award. 

Medals

Commemorative, campaign, and service medals are 

issued to Soldiers who take part in particular campaigns 

or periods of service for which a medal is authorized.

Ribbons representing the medals issued are normally 

worn on the ASUs. Some units, such as the 3rd Infantry 

(Old Guard) where the full-size medals on their uniforms.

Ribbons

The Army Service Ribbon is 

awarded to Soldiers who 

successfully complete BCT or 

OSUT. More information can be found in AR 600-8-22.
82 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Marksmanship Badges

Marksmanship badges are awarded to individuals who 

qualify, because they have demonstrated some special 

proficiency or skill. Marksmanship badges are worn to 

indicate the individual’s prowess with specific weapons, 

pistols, and/or rifles and during specified competitions, 

matches, or practice exercises. You will earn one of the 

marksmanship badges during BCT.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 83

Chapter 6 – Critical Information Required 

for BCT / OSUT / AIT

6-1. Rank Insignia

Military customs and courtesies dictate that you render 

the appropriate greeting and salute to officers when you 

encounter them in the performance of your duties. 

The chart can assist you in understanding the Army rank 

structure. The individual’s title reflects the rank of the 

person. You should never address a person by their pay 

grade.

Title Pay 

Grade Rank Remarks

Private (PVT) E-1 No 

Chevron

Private (PV2) E-2

Private First 

Class (PFC) E-3

Specialist 

(SPC) E-4
84 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

NCOs are "the backbone" of the Army. They are 

responsible for executing a military organization's 

mission and serve as the principal instructor for training 

military personnel so they are prepared to execute those 

missions. 

Senior NCOs are considered the primary link between 

enlisted personnel and the commissioned officers. If 

they are the senior NCO in a staff section they may be 

referred to as an NCO-in-charge (NCOIC). Their advice 

and guidance is particularly important for junior officers, 

who begin their careers in a position of authority but 

generally lack practical experience.

Corporal 

(CPL) E-4

A SPC 

recognized with 

NCO authorities

Sergeant 

(SGT) E-5 Team leader

Staff 

Sergeant 

(SSG)

E-6 Squad leader or 

section chief
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 85

Sergeant 

First Class 

(SFC)

E-7 Senior NCO in a 

platoon

Master 

Sergeant 

(MSG)

E-8

NCOIC at 

battalion and 

brigade

First 

Sergeant 

(1SG)

E-8

Senior NCO in a 

company; 

advisor to the 

commander

Sergeant 

Major (SGM) E-9

Principal 

advisor on a 

battalion and 

higher HQs staff

Command 

Sergeant 

Major (CSM)

E-9

Senior enlisted 

advisor at 

battalion and 

higher HQs

Sergeant 

Major of the 

Army (SMA)

E-9

Senior NCO in 

the Army; 

advisor to the 

Chief of Staff of 

the Army
86 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Warrant Officers are highly specialized technicians and 

trainers in their career fields. By gaining progressive 

levels of expertise and leadership, these leaders provide 

valuable guidance to commanders and subordinate 

Soldiers in their units. 

Warrant 

Officer 1 

(WO1)

W-1 Company and 

battalion staffs

Chief Warrant 

Officer 2 

(CW2)

W-2 Company and 

battalion staffs

Chief Warrant 

Officer 3 

(CW3)

W-3 Company and 

higher staffs

Chief Warrant 

Officer 4 

(CW4)

W-4 Battalion and 

higher staffs

Chief Warrant 

Officer 5 

(CW5)

W-5 Brigade and 

higher staffs
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 87

Commissioned Officers are responsible for planning and 

leading demanding missions while ensuring the welfare, 

morale and professional development of the Soldiers 

entrusted to them.

At the Captain, Lieutenant Colonel and Colonel level 

they may serve as commanders for companies, 

battalions and brigades. In that capacity, they have 

disciplinary authorities over you under the Uniformed 

Code of Military Justice.

2nd

Lieutenant 

(2LT)

O-1 Platoon Leader

1st Lieutenant 

(1LT) O-2

Company 

Executive 

Officer

Captain (CPT) O-3

Company 

Commander; 

Battalion Staff 

Officer

Major (MAJ) O-4

Battalion 

Executive 

Officer; Brigade 

Staff Officer
88 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Lieutenant 

Colonel (LTC) O-5

Battalion 

Commander; 

Division Staff 

Officer

Colonel 

(COL) O-6

Brigade 

Commander; 

Division Staff 

Officer

General Officers are commissioned officers who serve 

as commanders at division-size units and larger, as 

commanders of installations, and as principal advisors to 

senior national and state civilian leaders and higherranking general officers. 

Brigadier 

General (BG) O-7

Major 

General (MG) O-8

Lieutenant 

General 

(LTG)

O-9

General 

(GEN) O-10
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 89

6-2. Customs and Courtesies

Saluting

The origin of the hand salute is uncertain. Some 

historians believe it began in late Roman times when 

assassinations were common. A citizen who wanted to 

see a public official had to approach with his right hand 

raised to show that he did not hold a weapon. Knights in 

armor raised visors with the right hand when meeting a 

comrade. This practice gradually became a way of 

showing respect and in early American history 

sometimes involved removing the hat. By 1820, the 

motion was modified to touching the hat, and since then 

has become the hand salute used today. 

While in the Army, you salute to show respect toward an 

officer, flag, or our country. The proper way to salute 

with or without a weapon is described in Field Manual 

(FM) 3-21.5, paragraph 4-4. Follow these rules:

When you meet someone outside, salute as soon as you 

recognize that he or she is an officer, or if you are 

walking toward the officer, wait until you are about six 

steps away.

Salute all officers (recognized by grade) in official 

vehicles identified by special plates or flags.

Salute only on command when in a formation.
90 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

If in a group and an officer approaches, the first Soldier 

to recognize the officer calls the group to attention and 

all personnel salute.

If you approach an officer while you are double-timing 

alone, assume quick time march and render the hand 

salute. When the salute is returned, execute order arms 

and resume double-timing.

The salute is always initiated by the subordinate and 

terminated only after acknowledgment by the individual 

saluted.

Accompany the salute with an appropriate greeting, such 

as, "Good morning/afternoon, sir/ma'am."

Salutes are not required to be rendered by or to 

personnel who are driving or riding in privately owned 

vehicles.

It is not customary for enlisted personnel to exchange 

salutes, except in some ceremonial situations.

Never render a salute with a noticeable object in your 

mouth or right hand. 

If you are on detail and an officer approaches, salute if 

you are in charge of the detail. Otherwise, continue to 

work. When spoken to, come to the position of attention 

while addressing an officer.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 91

Hand Salute

The Hand Salute is a one-count movement. The 

command is Present, ARMS. The Hand Salute may be 

executed while marching. When marching, only the 

Soldier in charge of the formation salutes and 

acknowledges salutes. 

When wearing headgear with a visor (with or without 

glasses), on the command of execution ARMS, raise the 

right hand sharply, fingers and thumb extended and 

joined, palm facing down, and place the tip of the right 

forefinger on the rim of the visor slightly to the right of 

the right eye. The outer edge of the hand is barely 

canted downward so that 

neither the back of the 

hand nor the palm is 

clearly visible from the 

front. The hand and wrist 

are straight, the elbow 

inclined slightly forward, 

and the upper arm 

horizontal.

When wearing headgear 

without a visor (or uncovered) and not wearing glasses, 

execute the Hand Salute in the same manner as 

previously described, except touch the tip of the right 

forefinger to the forehead near and slightly to the right of 

the right eyebrow.
92 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

When wearing headgear without a visor (or uncovered) 

and wearing glasses, execute the Hand Salute in the 

same manner as previously described, except touch the 

tip of the right forefinger to that point on the glasses 

where the temple piece of the frame meets the right 

edge of the right brow. 

Order Arms

Order Arms from the Hand Salute is a one-count 

movement. The command is Order, ARMS. On the 

command of execution ARMS, return the hand sharply 

to the side, resuming the Position of Attention. 

When reporting or rendering courtesy to an individual, 

turn the head and eyes toward the person addressed 

and simultaneously salute. In this situation, the actions 

are executed without command. The Salute is initiated 

by the subordinate at the appropriate time (six paces) 

and terminated upon acknowledgment. 

Rendering customs and courtesies to NCOs and 

Warrant Officers

When addressing an NCO you will need to be in one of 

the positions of Rest at the halt; Parade rest; Stand at 

Ease; At Ease or Rest.

When walking with someone of higher rank, stand or 

walk to left side.

Always greet individuals with the greeting of the day.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 93

Be respectful at all times.

Warrant Officers will be treated in the same respect as 

Officers. 

Rendering Honor to the Flag

The flag of the U.S. is the symbol of our nation. The 

union, white stars on a field of blue, is the honor point of 

the flag. The union of the flag and the flag itself, when in 

company with other flags, are always given the honor 

position, which is on the right. 

The flag of the U.S. is displayed outdoors at all Army 

installations.

The flag is displayed daily from reveille to retreat. If 

illuminated, it may be displayed at night during special 

events or on special occasions deemed appropriate by 

the commander. 

When the flag is being raised in the morning or lowered 

in the evening, stand at attention on the first note of 

Reveille or "To the Colors.” "Colors" refer to the flag of 

the U.S. and can include the unit flag. Give the required 

salute. If you are actively involved a duty that would be 

hampered by saluting, you do not need to salute. You 

normally face the flag when saluting, unless duty 

requires you to face in some other direction. At the 

conclusion of the ceremony, resume your regular duties.
94 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The flag, when flown at half-staff, is hoisted to the 

peak/top of the flagpole and then lowered to the halfstaff position. At the end of the day, the flag is hoisted to 

the peak before lowered. "Half-staff" means lowering 

the flag to one-half the distance between the top and 

bottom of the staff. 

Whenever Reveille is played, and you are not in 

formation and not in a vehicle, come to attention at the 

first note, face the flag, and give the required salute. If 

no flag is near, face the music and salute. If you are in 

formation, salute only on the order "Present arms.” If 

you are in civilian clothing, stand at attention and place 

your right hand over your heart. 

Courtesies

The following rules will help you conduct yourself 

appropriately in the presence of officers and those senior 

in grade:

When talking to an officer or Warrant Officer, stand at 

attention unless given the order "At ease.” When you 

are dismissed, or when the officer departs, come to 

attention and salute.

When an officer enters a room, the first Soldier to 

recognize the officer calls personnel in the room to 

attention but does not salute. When a Soldier reports 

indoors render a salute to the officer.

When accompanying a senior, walk on his left. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 95

When an officer enters a dining facility, unless he directs 

otherwise or a more senior officer is already present, the 

diners will be given the order "At ease" by the first 

person who sees the officer. You will remain seated at 

ease and will continue eating unless the officer directs 

otherwise. If you are directly addressed, you should rise 

to attention when seated in a chair. If you are seated on 

a bench, stop eating and sit at attention until the 

conversation ends.

Note: The officer or NCO may give the directive "Carry 

on.” This means the Soldier or Soldiers should continue 

with whatever they were doing previously. This same 

directive is used in many other situations outside of 

formation, such as in the barracks and break areas.

When outdoors and approached by an NCO, you should 

stand (when seated) and greet the NCO by saying, 

"Good morning, sergeant," "Good afternoon, sergeant," 

or "Good evening, sergeant (last name, if known)."

While going through BCT, you will address all drill 

sergeants as “Drill Sergeant”.

When you report to an officer and you are outdoors, 

approach the officer to whom you are reporting and stop 

about two steps from him, assume the position of 

attention. Give the proper salute and say, for example, 

"Sir/Ma'am, Private Smith reports.” If you are indoors, 

use the same procedures as above, except remove your 

headgear before reporting.
96 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

6-3. Bugle Calls

Bugle calls are the musical signals that announce 

scheduled and certain non-scheduled events on an 

Army installation. Scheduled calls are prescribed by the 

installation commander. According to Army customs, 

bugle calls traditionally signal troops for everything from 

meal times and recall formations, to rendering honors to 

the nation. Bugle calls normally sound in accordance 

with the major calls of the day—Reveille, Retreat, and 

Taps.

Reveille

The call signals the troops to awaken for morning roll 

call. Most often heard at physical training, it is used to 

accompany the raising of the National Colors. If 

outdoors at the first sound of Reveille, you should come 

to the position of attention and salute, facing the flag or 

the sound of the music. If not in uniform, come to 

attention and place your right hand over your heart.

Retreat

The call signals the end of the duty day and lowering of 

the National Colors. If alone, you should come to 

attention in the direction of the music or flag. Then, 

salute when you hear the first note of music after the 

cannon sounds. If not in uniform, come to attention and 

place your right hand over your heart.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 97

Taps

The call signals that unauthorized lights are to be 

extinguished. It is the last call of the day. The call is 

also sounded at the completion of a military funeral 

ceremony. You should come to attention and salute until 

the music completes. If not in uniform, come to attention 

and place your right hand over your heart.

6-4. Drill and Ceremonies

Many drill procedures used by the U.S. Army today were 

developed during the Revolutionary War. The purpose 

of the drill then was to instill discipline in American 

Soldiers. As these Soldiers mastered the art of the drill, 

they began to work as a team and develop a sense of 

pride in themselves and in their unit. 

In today's Army, the same objectives–teamwork, 

confidence, pride, alertness, attention to detail, esprit de 

corps, and discipline are accomplished by drill. 

A drill consists of a series of movements by which a unit 

or individuals are moved in an orderly, uniform manner 

from one formation or place to another. Units vary in 

size, but in BCT, you will ordinarily be part of a squad, 

platoon, company or battalion. 

You will need to know the following drill terms: 

Element is an individual, squad, section, platoon, 

company, or larger unit formed as part of the next higher 
98 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

unit. 

Formation is an arrangement of the unit's elements in a 

prescribed manner such as a line formation in which the 

elements are side-by-side, or a column formation in 

which the elements are one behind the other. In a 

platoon column, the members of each squad are one 

behind the other with the squads abreast. 

Front is a space from one side to the other side of a 

formation, and includes the right and left elements. 

Depth is a space from the front to the rear of a 

formation, including the front and rear elements. 

Distance is the space between elements that are one 

behind the other. The distance between individuals is an 

arm's length, plus 6 inches, or approximately 36 inches 

measured from the chest of one Soldier to the back of 

the Soldier immediately to his front. 

Interval is the space between side-by-side elements. 

Rank is a line that is only one element in depth. 

File is a column that has a front of one element. 

Guide is the person responsible for maintaining the 

prescribed direction and rate of march. 

Post is the correct place for an officer or NCO to stand 

in a prescribed formation.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 99

Head is a column's leading element. 

Base is the element around which a movement is 

planned or regulated. 

Cadence is a uniform rhythm or number of steps or 

counts per minute. 
100 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Quick Time is a cadence of 120 counts (steps per 

minute). 

Double Time is a cadence of 180 counts (steps per 

minute). 

Drill commands are oral orders given by your 

commander or leader, usually in two parts. The 

preparatory command states the movement to be carried 

out and gets you ready to execute the order. The 

command of execution tells when the movement is to be 

carried out. In the command “Forward, march,” the 

preparatory command is “Forward,” the command of 

execution is “March.” 

In some commands, the preparatory command and the 

command of execution are combined. For example, “Fall 

in,” “at ease,” and “Rest.” These commands are given 

without inflection and at a uniformly high pitch and 

loudness comparable to that of a normal command of 

execution.

If you are in a group of three or more, marching is 

required when moving from one location to another.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 101

Chapter 7 – Physical Readiness

As a Soldier, you are required to maintain a high level of 

personal readiness and resilience. Optimal personal 

readiness in building and maintaining the Soldier Athlete 

requires you to get sufficient sleep, maintain physical 

fitness and strength, and fuel your body with the right 

diet. These three key attributes (sleep, activity, and 

nutrition) are often described as the Performance Triad. 

The Performance Triad along with regular hygiene and 

resilience skills ensure you are optimally prepared to 

perform at the elite level regardless of your MOS/Duty. 

You can get more information on the Performance Triad 

at http://armymedicine.mil/Pages/performancetriad.aspx. A smartphone application for both iphone 

and android platforms is available. 

7-1. Improved Physical Fitness Uniform (IPFU)

The components of the IPFU are:

1. Jacket, running, gray and black.

2. Pants, running, black.

3. Trunks, running, black, moisture-wicking.

4. T-shirt, gray, short sleeve, moisture-wicking.

5. T-shirt, gray, long sleeve, moisture-wicking.

6. Cap, knit, black or Cap, Synthetic, Microfleece, 

Green
102 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The only insignia authorized for wear on the IPFU is the 

Physical Fitness Badge. When the physical fitness 

badge is worn, it is sewn on the upper left front side of 

the IPFU T-shirt. On the IPFU running jacket, the 

insignia is sewn centered 1⁄2 inch above the word 

“Army.”

Soldiers are authorized to wear commercially purchased 

gray or black spandex shorts under the IPFU trunks. The 

length of the shorts must end above the knee or higher. 

The commercial shorts must be plain, with no logos, 

patterns, or obtrusive markings. Soldiers are not 

required to buy the spandex shorts. This is an optional 

purchase.

Only pregnant Soldiers are authorized to wear the IPFU 

shirt outside of the trunks.

Commanders may authorize the wear of commercial 

running shoes, calf-length or ankle-length plain white 

socks with no logos, gloves, reflective belts or vests, 

long underwear, and other items appropriate to the 

weather conditions and type of activity. If Soldiers wear 

long underwear or other similar items, they must conceal 

them from view when wearing the running jacket and 

pants of the IPFU.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 103

7-2. Army physical fitness test (APFT)

References:

• FM 7-22, Army Physical Readiness Training

• DA Form 705, Army Physical Fitness Test 

Scorecard

The intent of the APFT is to provide an assessment of 

your physical readiness. 

Physical Fitness testing is designed to ensure that every 

Soldier is maintaining a high level of physical 

performance, regardless of MOS or duty assignment. 
104 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

7-3. APFT Standards...

Push-Ups

PU Age 17-21 Age 22-26 Age 27-31

Points M F M F M F

100 71 42 75 46 77 50

80 57 31 58 32 58 34

60 42 19 40 17 39 17

50 35 13 31 11 30 10

Sit-Ups

SU Age 17-21 Age 22-26 Age 27-31

Points M F M F M F

100 76 76 80 80 82 82

80 66 66 65 65 64 64

60 53 53 50 50 45 45

50 47 47 43 43 36 36
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 105

2-Mile Run

2-Mile Age 17-21 Age 22-26 Age 27-31

Points M F M F M F

100 13:00 15:36 13:00 15:36 13:18 15:48

80 14:24 17:12 14:48 17:36 15:06 18:12

60 15:54 18:54 16:36 19:36 17:00 20:30

50 16:36 19:42 17:30 20:36 17:54 21:42

APFT Scorecard – Your Progress...

#1 #2 #3

Points Event Score Event Score Event Score

PU

SU

Run

Total
106 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The APFT provides a measure of upper and lower body 

muscular endurance. It is a performance test that 

indicates a Soldier’s ability to perform physically and 

handle his or her own body weight. APFT standards are 

adjusted for age and physiological differences between 

male and female. 

The APFT consists of three events:

1. Push-ups

2. Sit-ups

3. 2-mile run

The events are performed in that order and on the same 

day. Soldiers are allowed a minimum of 10 minutes and 

a maximum of 20 minutes rest between events. All three 

events must be completed within two hours. 

Soldiers in BCT must attain 50 points in each event and 

an overall score of 150 points to meet APFT minimum 

standards. You should push yourself to achieve your 

maximum performance in each event. 

Soldiers in AIT and OSUT must attain a score of at least 

60 points on each event and an overall score of at least 

180 points to graduate. 

The maximum score a Soldier can attain on the APFT is 

300 points. This should be your goal. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 107

Chapter 8 – Health and Safety

8-1. Nutrition

Fuel the Body for Optimal Performance

As a Soldier, you are expected to achieve and maintain 

a high level of fitness – physical and mental. This fitness 

is not only achieved by your training, but also by how 

you fuel your body. Fueling with the wrong foods will 

lead to mental and physical fatigue and could play a 

large part in injuries and illnesses. The right kinds of 

food can be found in Army dining facilities and in the 

civilian world—optimal fueling requires a little 

knowledge, a little restraint, and a dedication to the Army 

Ethos that you have chosen. 

Remember: You can’t “out-exercise” a poor diet.

Fueling with the right amount of carbohydrates, protein, 

and healthy fats promotes energy, endurance, stamina, 

and muscle growth. Benefits of proper fueling include:

• Maintaining a healthy weight

• Decreasing post-exercise muscle soreness

• Stronger and healthier muscles

What should you load onto your tray?

Your plate should be proportioned like the plate 

below...Every meal, everyday.
108 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

 Five Food groups- Mealtime Visual.

General guidelines are to have:

1⁄2 of your plate full of a variety of fruits and vegetables

1⁄4 of your plate composed of complex carbohydrates 

(starches)

1⁄4 of your plate in the form of protein. 

Portion sizes will vary based on your energy needs and 

performance goals.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 109

Think in terms of the following:

Energy: Fuel your body with complex carbohydrates 

and healthy fats.

Carbohydrates are the primary fuel source for your 

muscles (especially after high-intensity activities) and the 

only fuel source for your brain (helps you focus/pay 

attention). Whole-grain sources have more fiber and 

vitamins essential for energy metabolism. 

Sources: whole-grain breads, cereal and pastas, rice, 

oatmeal, legumes (beans), and fruit. 

Healthy Fats — Unsaturated fats, especially omega fatty 

acids, can be healthy when eaten in small amounts. 

Sources: olives, salmon, walnuts, almonds, flax, and 

avocados.

Avoid simple sugars (sucrose, high-fructose corn syrup) 

that may cause a rise in energy, followed by a crash.

Muscles: 

Lean proteins provide the amino acids your muscles 

need to grow, repair, and recover. 

Sources: poultry (chicken and turkey), fish, lean beef, 

and pork; low-fat milk and yogurt; legumes (beans), 

eggs, and tofu. Nuts and seeds are also a good protein 

(and healthy fat) source.
110 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Bones:

Strengthen your bones and teeth with foods rich in 

calcium and vitamin D.

Sources: skim milk; low-fat chocolate milk; yogurt; dark 

green leafy vegetables; dried beans (examples include 

black beans or pinto beans) or calcium-fortified juices.

Performance, Repair, and Growth: 

Fuel your body with a variety of fruits and vegetables. 

They are loaded with carbohydrates, natural 

antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals that enhance 

recovery and support your immune system. 

Eat at least 8 servings of fruits and vegetables a day, 

with at least 5 of them being brightly colored (red, yellow, 

green, and orange) to ensure a wide spectrum of 

nutrients. 

One serving is about one cup raw or 1⁄2 cup cooked.

Basic guidelines include:

• Fuel with a variety of foods. 

• Practice moderation in fueling with fried foods, 

pastries, or high calorie “comfort” foods. 

• Do NOT skip meals

• The brain and muscles run on carbohydrates—

don’t starve them! 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 111

• Ensure that you are consuming water throughout 

the day.

• To lose weight, decrease calories while increasing 

exercise and activity. Keep the proportion of 

nutrients the same and don’t starve the body. Fuel 

to lose! 

• To gain weight, slightly increase calorie 

consumption while starting a resistance training 

program. You want to gain muscle, not fat! 

Be Smart About Energy Drinks

Energy drinks are not the same as sports drinks and 

should never be used for hydration — cool, plain water 

should always be a first choice for hydration. Energy 

drinks generally contain large quantities of caffeine and 

may contain other ingredients, most of which do 

absolutely nothing to enhance performance or health. 

Also, the large quantities of caffeine can actually 

aggravate dehydration, and may also lead to increased 

anxiety, upset stomach, shakiness, headaches, and 

sleep issues. 
112 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

These potential side effects can actually reduce your 

ability to perform, NOT enhance it. Instead of reaching 

for energy drinks, it’s best to feed your body energy 

throughout the day: 

• Snack on carbohydrates and energy-rich foods 

such as dried fruits, nuts, trail mix, a commercial 

sports bar or low-fat chocolate milk. 

• Drink cool, plain water frequently, even if you 

aren’t thirsty. 

Dietary Supplements

Many Soldiers use dietary supplements to enhance their 

performance or for weight loss. However, dietary 

supplements are not tested or approved by the FDA 

prior to market, are often unnecessary, and can be 

dangerous and expensive. The most commonly tainted 

dietary supplements are those intended for bodybuilding 

and weight loss. 

Performance, Repair, and Growth

Fuel your body with a variety of fruits and vegetables to 

obtain the minerals and vitamins necessary for optimal 

performance. 

Choose a variety of colors (red, yellow, orange, green) to 

ensure a wide spectrum of nutrients. Choose high-fiber 

foods to help the body extend energy levels.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 113

Cooling

In dining facilities, choose nutrient dense fluids like skim 

milk, fruit juices, or vegetable juices. Vegetables and 

fruits also contain high levels of water. Ensure that you 

are consuming water throughout the day. 

Basic guidelines include:

• Fuel with a variety of foods.

• Practice moderation in fueling with fried foods, 

pastries, or high calorie “comfort” foods.

• Do NOT skip meals.

• The brain and muscles run on carbohydrates—

don’t starve them!

• To lose weight, decrease calories while increasing 

exercise and activity. Keep the proportion of 

nutrients the same and don’t starve the body. Fuel 

to lose!

• To gain weight, slightly increase calorie 

consumption while starting a resistance training 

program. You want to gain muscle, not fat! 

Your dining facility may use the “Go for Green” system to 

label menu items. Use the “Go for Green” system to 

help you identify those food and beverage choices best 

suited to help you achieve your performance goals.
114 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

8-2. Sleep

Make Sleep A Priority - Sleep is a biological need for 

brain functioning and is critical for sustaining the mental 

abilities required for success in basic combat training 

and advanced individual training. Soldiers require a 

minimum of 7-8 hours of sleep every 24-hours. 

In basic combat training, you will have the opportunity for 

at least 7 hours of continuous sleep per night (unless 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 115

you are scheduled for duty such as access control 

guard/fireguard or charge of quarters runner). 

During field training, the length of the training day and 

time for sleep will vary based on training requirements; 

however, your commander will ensure that the schedule 

allows sufficient time for sleep during field training. 

The MOST IMPORTANT THING YOU MUST 

REMEMBER: When you have the opportunity to sleep, 

do it. Insufficient sleep presents a risk to mission 

success. Sleep deprived Soldiers are likely to make 

mission critical and sometimes fatal errors. 

The demanding nature of military operations often 

creates situations in which obtaining enough sleep on a 

regular basis is difficult or impossible. Such chronic, 

insufficient sleep (anything less than 7—8 hours per 24) 

produces a sleep debt – a chronic state of increased 

sleep need that is characterized by impaired 

performance and readiness. 

The only way to eliminate the debt is to obtain sleep (just 

closing your eyes and resting is not the same as 

sleeping/napping). As a Soldier you must make sleep a 

priority!

When you have the opportunity to rest or sleep, do it.
116 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

8-3. Hygiene

In addition to Army training, personal hygiene plays a 

crucial role in your overall physical readiness as a 

strong, productive Soldier. There are numerous health 

concerns that can arise if you do not conduct proper 

personal hygiene at home and in field environments.

Hazard of Communicable Diseases

Communicable diseases are caused by specific 

infectious organisms like viruses or bacteria transmitted 

from one person to another. The person who is infected 

may feel sick and look sick, or might carry the illness 

without feeling or looking sick. These diseases can 

rapidly degrade the medical readiness of military units 

and their ability to carry out their mission. They can also 

cause significant suffering and overwhelm the military 

health care system. 

You received vaccinations to protect you against the 

increased risk of these infections when you entered the 

Army, and you will receive additional vaccinations prior 

to traveling to foreign areas. There are many 

communicable illnesses that do not have vaccines such 

as, the common cold and hepatitis C and D.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 117

Resistance to Illness

Vaccines do part of the job; the rest is up to you. You are 

immune to most illnesses most of the time because of 

your own immune system. It continues with things you 

do to protect yourself, like keeping yourself and your 

environment clean; wearing a clean uniform appropriate 

for the season; and avoiding contact with persons who 

are ill. Also, you should always cough into your arm and 

clean your hands frequently to avoid spreading/receiving 

germs.

Immediate Hazards to Your Health

Do not take chances with your health. If in doubt, get 

medical help. Injuries that pose a threat to your health or 

life are:

• Any eye injury

• Any human or animal bite that breaks the skin 

• Allergic reaction to an insect bite, chemicals, or 

medications

• Bleeding that cannot be stopped

• Burns, including severe sunburn

• Feeling very hot and/or confused after being out in 

the heat

• Exposure to cold temperatures and you think you 

may have a cold injury
118 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Other symptoms of illnesses that can threaten your 

health or life include:

• Tightness, pressure, or pain in your chest that 

spreads to your neck, jaw, arm, or back 

• Shortness of breath, or wheezing while resting

• Difficulty breathing, or the feeling of choking

• Coughing up blood

• Difficulty speaking, swallowing, or opening your 

mouth

• Stiff neck with fever

• Sudden loss of vision

• Very bad pain anywhere on your body

• Weakness and dizziness

• Blood in your urine or brown urine

• Vomiting up blood or what looks like coffee 

grounds

• Blood in your stool or black, tar-like stools

• You feel like you might hurt yourself or others

• Hip or knee injuries

• Painful teeth or swelling in your mouth or jaw

If you experience any injuries or symptoms of 

illness, report them to your drill sergeant 

immediately to get medical care.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 119

Bathe / Shower Daily

Regular bathing with soap and water is important for 

both cleanliness and personal appearance. 

Bathing prevents hygiene-related diseases such as 

scabies, ringworm, athlete’s foot, skin infections, and 

pink eye. 

You should especially wash your hands, face and ears, 

armpits, groin, and feet. In addition to washing your skin 

regularly you should wash your hair at least twice a 

week, shave daily and, avoid sharing combs or razors 

with others.

Wash Hands Regularly

Normally your immune system protects you against 

invasion by bacteria, viruses, and parasites; however, if 

your hands become contaminated with these organisms 

and you put them up to your nose or mouth, disease 

germs can invade your body and cause an infection. 

Many aspects of basic training can make you more 

vulnerable to respiratory illnesses, including close 

contact with other Soldiers.

The physical and psychological stresses of military 

training can make you more vulnerable to illness. In 

addition, your immune system may not be ready to 

withstand the new organisms you are exposed to when 

first brought together as a group. 
120 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Almost 90 percent of Soldiers get symptoms of 

respiratory illness at some point during basic combat 

training. In most cases, these illnesses are mild and 

trainees are able to continue training, but sometimes 

they progress to worse infections like pneumonia or 

meningitis.

Washing your hands with soap and water is the most 

effective way to prevent the spread of bacteria and 

viruses which are major cause of food borne diseases 

and other illnesses. Although the use of hand sanitizers 

is effective for killing most of these harmful organisms on 

the hands, they are ineffective on hands that are heavily 

soiled with dirt, grease, and other debris. Therefore the 

use of hand sanitizers should not be used in place of 

hand washing, rather as a supplement to or a temporary 

alternative when hand washing is not available.

Wash or sanitize your hands every time:

• After using the latrine

• Before eating or handling food

• After sneezing or blowing your nose

It is important to practice good hygiene habits when you 

are in basic training, because it will become more 

difficult to wash your hands and bathe regularly when 

you are in the field or deployed. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 121

Dental Health and Readiness

Brush and Floss Your Teeth.

Keeping your mouth healthy maintains your dental 

readiness, and ensures that you won’t suffer from pain, 

infection, or inability to eat high-performance foods. 

Poor oral health takes more Soldiers out of the fight than 

the enemy does. 

Wisdom teeth and gum disease cause problems, but 

most dental emergencies are caused by tooth decay or 

its complications. 

Tooth decay is usually caused by bacteria (germs) that 

feed on starchy or sugary snacks and beverages, and by

acids that wear away the surfaces of teeth. Soda, juice, 

sweet tea, sports drinks and energy drinks all contain 

sugar and acids that can damage teeth. 

Saliva is critical for protecting your teeth from decay by 

neutralizing acids, hardening teeth, and fighting germs. 

Stressful training or operations can decrease saliva flow, 

leaving you vulnerable to decay. 

Prevent dental problems in two ways: watch what you 

put in your mouth, and clean your mouth every day.

Watch what you put in your mouth. 

Follow the guidelines in the Nutrition section above, and 

you will contribute toward a healthy mouth. 
122 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Your teeth and gums need the same water intake, 

calcium, vitamins and minerals, and protein that the rest 

of your body does, as well as protection from sugars, 

acid content, and simple starches. 

In addition to a healthy diet:

• If you drink sugary drinks, make sure they are cold 

and minimize contact with your teeth. You can 

use a straw that reaches to the back of your 

tongue, or just chug the drink down all at once.

• Rinse your mouth with plain water after drinking 

sugary drinks

• If you drink juice, choose juice that has calcium 

added, to minimize acid damage.

• Use xylitol-sweetened gum or mints for 5-10 

minutes after meals and snacks to fight cavities.

• Avoid tobacco. Tobacco can cause gum disease 

and oral cancer.

• Use lip balm with sunscreen during sun exposure 

to prevent lip cancer.

Clean your mouth every day:

• Brush 2 - 3 times a day, every day, with fluoride 

toothpaste to remove food particles and harmful 

bacteria from your teeth. Fluoride helps repair 

early stage tooth decay.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 123

• Brush before going to sleep to provide greater 

protection for your teeth.

• Use a soft or ultrasoft toothbrush that is small 

enough to fit around your back teeth.

• Brush your teeth for about 2-3 minutes using a 

gentle, circular motion. Pay extra attention to the 

gum-line, back teeth, and areas around fillings, 

crowns or bridges.

• Brush your tongue and the roof of your mouth to 

remove germs that cause tooth decay and bad 

breath.

• If you have an appliance such as an orthodontic 

retainer or partial denture, remove it before 

brushing your teeth. Brush all surfaces of the 

appliance also.

• Do not rinse your mouth after brushing. Just spit 

several times to remove excess toothpaste. 

• Don’t eat or drink anything for at least 30 minutes 

after you brush so the fluoride will stay on your 

teeth longer and protect them better

• If you can’t brush:

• Swish with water after eating or drinking.

• Wipe your teeth with a clean cloth wrapped around 

your finger. 

• Rub toothpaste on the surfaces of your teeth with 

your finger.
124 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

• Floss once a day. Flossing removes bacteria and 

food in between teeth, where a toothbrush can’t 

reach

• Use 18 inches of floss. Wrap the end of the floss 

around your middle finger and use your index 

finger to guide the floss. 

• Insert the floss between your teeth. Pull gently 

side to side to get it through the tight spots, but be 

careful not to saw your 

gums! Use a different area 

of the floss for each 

space.

• Gently move the floss up 

and down against the 

tooth in back, then the 

tooth in front. 

• Wrap the floss around the teeth as you’re moving 

it up and down. 

• Your gums may bleed at 

first when you start 

flossing every day. If 

bleeding continues to 

happen after a week or 

two of flossing, see your 

dentist. 

Remember - YOU control whether you get cavities or 

not! 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 125

Whenever a dentist tells you there is a problem at your 

annual exam, get it treated as soon as possible.

Note: Females should be extra vigilant about brushing 

with fluoride toothpaste 2 or 3 times a day, to prevent 

cavities and bleeding gums. 

This is because females tend to make less saliva than 

males, which can leave them more vulnerable to decay. 

Fluctuations in female hormones can also negatively 

affect oral health. Hormones and oral contraceptives 

can increase bacteria levels in the mouth and cause 

changes in the blood vessels in the gums, leading to 

gingivitis. 

Females who have gingivitis can experience an increase 

in symptoms during monthly hormonal fluctuations, 

resulting in tenderness, swelling, and bleeding when 

brushing. 

Females who use oral contraceptives are also twice as 

likely to develop a dry socket after dental extraction. 

Smoking increases this risk. 

Hormone fluctuations and stressful environments have 

been associated with development of painful mouth 

ulcers or canker sores. 

Nutritional deficiencies (vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, folate, 

C and iron, magnesium or zinc) may also increase your 
126 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

risk of developing mouth ulcers, so eating fruits and 

vegetables can help. 

Over-the-counter remedies are effective for the 

discomfort caused by small ulcers. Larger or more 

painful ulcers may interfere with a normal diet. 

A dentist can prescribe medicine to reduce pain and 

accelerate healing of larger ulcers.

Care for Your Feet and Nails

Athlete’s foot is caused by a fungus that lives in damp, 

warm, and dark areas like shower rooms, rubber boots, 

and old running shoes. 

Athlete’s foot usually looks like little blisters between the 

toes. These can pop, causing itching and little sharp 

pains. Also, the skin might crack or look scaly. 

You can get athlete’s foot from walking barefooted on 

unclean facilities and not washing your feet. 

The symptoms include itching, flaking, and cracking 

between toes or on bottom of feet. 

To prevent Athlete’s foot, do the following:

• Wear shower shoes while taking showers and 

when walking on the floor.

• Use a towel to dry thoroughly between your toes. 

• Wear clean dry socks; never wear another 

Soldier’s socks.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 127

• Clean the showers and latrine floors daily.

• Sprinkle foot powder in your socks to help absorb 

the moisture.

• Remove the inserts from your boots at night to 

prevent fungus from growing. 

If you get athlete’s foot, you need an anti-fungal solution 

or cream to treat it.

Wear one pair of boots one day and change to your 

other pair the next day. 

In addition to preventing Athlete’s foot, you must also 

make sure you prevent ingrown toenails. Ingrown

toenails are caused by a combination of tight shoes and 

trimming the toenails down to the edge of the nail. 

Symptoms include tenderness, swelling, sharp pain, 

redness, and discharge. 

You can prevent ingrown toenails by trimming nails 

straight across every two weeks. 

Seek medical attention for treatment, for surgery may be 

necessary to remove the nail from the skin. Cut toenails 

short and square
128 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

 Trim Your Toenails

Prevent Blisters 

Blisters are caused by friction from tight fitting shoes, 

breaking in new boots, and road marches. 

Symptoms are redness and tenderness of the skin. 

All blisters cannot be prevented, but they can be 

minimized. 

Wearing proper fitting boots and tight fitting, clean, dry 

socks free of excessive wear can prevent most blisters. 

Second skin (mole skin) on “hot spots,” knee-high 

nylons, and good personal hygiene will help reduce 

chances of getting a blister as well.

Also, wear work gloves if working with equipment that 

you will be doing repetitive movements, such as raking 

or shoveling. 

Take the following measures to treat a blister: 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 129

• Wash with a mild soap and water and keep your 

skin clean and dry. Apply a topical anti-biotic 

ointment to prevent infection. 

• Cover with bandage or second skin to prevent 

from opening. 

• DO NOT purposely open a blister. 

• If blister opens, treat as you would any open cut.

• Always leave the top skin of a drained blister.

• Pulling off the top layer of skin can damage the 

new skin underneath and cause infection. 

Protect Your Hearing

Survival on the battlefield could depend on your ability to 

hear. Hearing loss caused by noise is painless, 

progressive, permanent, but also preventable. 

To protect your hearing, insert your earplugs correctly 

whenever instructed to wear them. 

Do not lose your earplugs. If you do lose your earplugs, 

notify your drill sergeant immediately. 

Wear your earplugs to protect your hearing, for you will 

be glad you did.

Protect against the Effects of Heat and Cold

Protect Against the Effects of Heat, Cold, and Insects.
130 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

While you are in BCT and AIT you may be exposed to 

extremes of heat and cold and biting insects. To protect 

you from the effects of heat, cold, and insects your cadre 

will ensure that you have the following things:

• Safeguards against over-stress from heat, or overexposure to cold, especially in your first couple 

weeks. 

• Water and other beverages, and nutritious meals. 

You will probably be drinking more water and 

beverages than you are used to drinking.

• Protective clothing and sunscreen, and insect 

repellent. Your uniform is factory-treated with a 

conventional insect repellent for clothing. 

• Instructions on what items of your uniform to wear, 

and how much water you should drink, on a given 

day.

• Reminders about symptoms and signs of hot and 

cold weather illnesses, to watch for in both 

yourself and your buddy.

• Questions about whether you have been ill, or are 

taking medication, that may increase your risk of 

heat and cold weather illness.

Note: In case of a severe hot weather illness, your 

cadre may remove the outer clothing and apply ice 

water-soaked sheets to the affected Soldier. 

Here are a few things to remember all the time:
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 131

• Eat all your meals and drink all the water and 

beverages provided to you. Food and fluids are 

needed to “fuel” your body’s regulating systems for 

both heat and cold.

• Make sure your uniform is clean, worn as 

instructed, and all buttons and fasteners are 

serviceable. Apply sunscreen and insect repellent 

to your face, neck, and hands as instructed.

• Let your cadre know if you aren’t feeling well, 

taking medications, and/or have unusual insect 

bite marks that look infected. Also let your cadre 

know if you think your buddy is not feeling well. 

• Watch the amount and color of your urine as an 

indicator of whether you are drinking enough water 

and fluids. This is just as important in cold 

weather as it is in hot weather.

• When you are in AIT, if you purchase energy 

drinks, sports drinks, or supplements, ensure that 

you continue eating all meals and drink all the 

water and beverages provided to you. 
132 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

8-4. Comprehensive Soldier Fitness

Soldiers must cope with adversity, perform well in 

stressful situations, and learn to thrive in stressful

environments. 

The Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness program 

is designed to build resilience and enhance the 

performance of the Army Family – Soldiers, their 

Families, and Army Civilians – through hands-on training 

and online self-development tools. 

Resilient individuals enhance Army performance and 

readiness. Resilience is the ability to grow and thrive in 

the face of challenges and bounce back from adversity. 

The goal of Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness

is to increase your resilience and enhance your 

performance by developing and strengthening five 

dimensions of strength. 

1. Social strength refers to developing and 

maintaining trusted, valued relationships and 

friendships that are personally fulfilling and foster 

good communication including a comfortable 

exchange of ideas, views, and experiences.

2. Emotional strength means approaching life’s 

challenges in a positive, optimistic way by 

demonstrating self-control, stamina, and good 

character with your choices and actions.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 133

3. Family strength is about being a part of a family 

unit that is safe, supportive and loving, and 

provides the resources needed for all members to 

live in a healthy and secure environment. 

4. Spiritual strength refers to one’s purpose, core 

values, beliefs, identity, and life vision. These 

elements, which define the essence of a person, 

enable one to build inner strength, make meaning 

of experiences, behave ethically, persevere 

through challenges, and be resilient when faced 

with adversity. An individual’s spirituality draws 

upon personal, philosophical, psychological, 

and/or religious teachings, and forms the basis of 

their character. 

5. Physical strength is about performing and 

excelling in physical activities that require aerobic 

fitness, endurance, strength, healthy body 

composition, and flexibility derived through 

exercise, nutrition, and training. The physical 

dimension also encompasses the Office of the 

Surgeon General (OTSG) Performance Triad 

Initiative of sleep, activity, and nutrition to improve 

personal and unit performance, resilience, and 

readiness. 
134 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

8-5. Chaplains

The chaplain is responsible for providing spiritual 

support to every Soldier in the unit. Although chaplains 

are part of a particular denomination, their mission is to 

ensure the spiritual needs of every Soldier are met. Each 

battalion in the Army has its own Chaplain (normally a 

CPT). The chaplains and their assistants form the Unit’s 

Ministry Team. 

Chaplains hold weekly services (while in garrison and in 

the field), are available for individual counseling, and are 

one of the few members of the military who retain the 

privilege of confidentiality. The chaplain also plays a key 

role in helping promote programs, such as suicide 

prevention.

In the BCT/OSUT/AIT environment, they are of particular 

value in helping Soldiers succeed under difficult and 

stressful conditions. They assist the commander in 

teaching, displaying, and instilling the Army Values, and 

in maintaining high morale within the unit.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 135

8-6. Risk Management

Every Soldier, regardless of rank, is faced with making 

decisions. You will be challenged to make smart 

decisions about risk, decisions that will affect not only 

yourself, but also your team, family, and friends. 

The Army uses a system called Risk Management to 

help make those decisions. FM 5-19, Risk Management

is the Army’s doctrinal manual for risk management. 

The system doesn’t just apply in combat but to 

everything you do on or off duty. The whole goal is to 

preserve the Army's ability to fight and win by keeping 

you safe. The Army’s Risk Management is a logical 

approach to risk-associated decision making that will 

help you make smart risk decisions and reduce the 

possibility of becoming a loss.

As you progress throughout your career, you will learn 

more about the Risk Management process. For now, 

you need to focus on a few items to ensure your safety 

while you are in Initial Entry Training: 

• Hot Weather Injury Awareness

• Cold Weather Injury Awareness

• Weapon Muzzle Awareness

• Environmental Hazards (insects, animals, 

poisonous plants, etc.)

• Follow all directions/orders at all times
136 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Chapter 9 – Discipline

The Army is subject to military law and the laws of our 

government, and we strive to live as law-abiding Soldiers 

in whatever we do and wherever we go. 

Military discipline is founded upon self-discipline, respect 

for authority, and the embracing of the professional Army 

ethic with its supporting core values. 

Military discipline is developed through individual and 

group training to create a mental attitude that will result 

in proper conduct and prompt obedience to lawful 

military authority.

The Rules

There are three basic rules you should follow: 

• Follow Army regulations and the UCMJ. 

• Take responsibility for your actions.

• Set the example, do what is right even when no 

one is watching and always keep your hands to 

yourself. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 137

While military discipline is the result of effective training, 

it affects every aspect of military life. It is a characteristic 

found in individuals and units that demonstrate:

• Unit cohesion, bonding, and a spirit of teamwork. 

• Smartness of appearance and action. 

• Cleanliness and maintenance of dress, equipment, 

and quarters. 

• Respect to seniors and mutual respect between 

senior and subordinate personnel. 

• Prompt and willing execution of both the letter, and 

the spirit of the legal orders of their lawful 

commanders. 

• Fairness, justice, and equity for all Soldiers, 

regardless of age, race, ethnicity, religion, color, 

gender, or national origin. 

9-1. Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ)

The UCMJ applies to active duty Soldiers 24 hours a day 

and 7 days a week. Anywhere you are in the world, the 

UCMJ applies. 

All persons in the military service are required to strictly 

obey and promptly execute the legal orders of their 

lawful seniors. The UCMJ is the statute that prescribes 

criminal law for Soldiers. 
138 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

UCMJ authorizes non-judicial punishment 

(administrative actions) by commanders and judicial 

punishment by courts-martial (military courts). 

It also provides for the punishment of strictly military 

offenses. Military offenses are those not common in 

civilian law. Examples include failure to repair, absence 

without leave, disrespect to NCOs and commissioned 

officers, and disobedience of orders. 

The principle that an accused is innocent until proven 

guilty applies to both non-judicial punishment and courtsmartial. You have the right to be informed of any 

charges against you, as well as the names of accusers 

and known witnesses. 

UCMJ: Non-Judicial Punishment

Under the provisions of the UCMJ, Article 15, 

commanding officers may impose non-judicial 

punishment upon Soldiers who commit minor offenses 

within their units. 

The purpose of non-judicial punishment is to train, 

correct, and reform. It also promotes positive behavior 

changes in Soldiers without the stigma of a courtsmartial conviction. 

While Article 15s are often considered “minor,” common 

punishments include: revocation of pay, revocation of 

time (through extra duty) and revocation of rank. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 139

UCMJ: Courts-Martial

There are three types of courts-martial: summary, 

special, and general. 

Trials by courts-martial are the military equivalents of 

trials by judges and juries. The differences among the 

three are based on their composition, level of authority, 

and severity of punishments authorized. 

A summary courts-martial is composed of a 

commissioned officer on active duty with the grade of 

captain or above. The purpose of the summary courtsmartial is to make thorough and impartial inquiries into 

minor offenses and to make sure that justice is done, 

with the interests of both the government and the 

accused being safeguarded. 

A special courts-martial consists of a military judge and 

not less than three panel members when required. It is 

held for relatively serious offenses. 

A general courts-martial consists of a military judge and 

not less than five panel members when required. It is 

held for serious offenses. 

A general courts-martial may impose any authorized 

punishment including the death penalty in certain cases. 
140 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

9-2. Equal Opportunity Policy

The Equal Opportunity (EO) program ensures an Armywide, concentrated effort to maximize human potential 

and to ensure fair treatment for all persons based solely 

on merit, fitness, and capability in support of readiness. 

The EO philosophy is based on fairness, justice, and 

equity. 

The Army’s EO program emphasizes fair and equal 

treatment for military personnel, and civilian employees 

without regard to race, color, religion, gender, or national 

origin. This policy applies on and off post, extends to 

Soldiers, civilian employees, and family members, and 

includes working, living, and recreational environments.

Complaint Process

The EO complaints processing system addresses 

grievances that allege unlawful discrimination or unfair 

treatment on the basis of race, national origin, color, 

gender, religious affiliation, or sexual harassment. 

Attempts should always be made to solve the problem at 

the lowest possible level within an organization.

If a complaint is submitted, it will be investigated. Those 

personnel found in violation of the EO Policy are subject 

to punishment under the UCMJ. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 141

Within reason, Soldiers and other individuals are 

encouraged to attempt resolution of any complaints by 

confronting an alleged offender, or by informing other 

appropriate officials about the offensive behavior or 

unfair treatment. 

Also, individuals are responsible to advise their chain of 

command on the specifics of any discrimination or 

sexual harassment so appropriate action can be taken. 

Personnel must submit only legitimate complaints, and 

should exercise caution against frivolous or reckless 

allegations. 

Types of EO Complaints

The Army has two types of EO complaints within its EO 

complaint process: informal, and formal. 

An informal complaint is any complaint that a Soldier, 

Family member or DA civilian does not wish to file in 

writing. Informal complaints may be resolved by the 

complainant directly with the assistance of another unit 

member, the commander, or another person in the 

complainant's chain of command. 

Typically, those issues that may be taken care of 

informally can be resolved through discussion, problem 

identification, and clarification of the issues. An informal 

complaint is not subject to time suspense, nor is it 

reportable. 
142 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

A formal complaint is one that a Soldier, Family member, 

or DA civilian files in writing and swears to the accuracy 

of the information. DA Form 7279-R, Equal Opportunity 

Complaint Form can be obtained at the unit or higher 

headquarters level. 

Formal complaints require specific actions, are subject to 

timelines, and require documentation of actions taken.

Alternative Measures

Although handling EO complaints through the chain of 

command is strongly encouraged, this is not the only 

channel. Should a Soldier feel uncomfortable in filing a 

complaint with the chain of command, or should the 

complaint be against a member of the chain of 

command, there are a number of alternative agencies 

through which a complaint can be made. 

The following agencies are frequently used:

• Equal Opportunity Adviser (EOA) 

• Chaplain 

• Provost Marshal 

• Staff Judge Advocate 

• Housing Referral Office 

• Inspector General 

• EO Hotline 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 143

Right to Appeal

If a complainant perceives an investigation failed to 

reveal all relevant facts, or if actions taken on their 

behalf are perceived as insufficient, he or she has the 

right to appeal to the next higher commander. 

The complainant may not appeal the action taken 

against the perpetrator, if any is taken. 

9-3. Policy on Relationships between Soldiers

The Army has historically relied upon customs and 

traditions to define the bounds of acceptable personal 

relationships among its members. Soldier relationships 

have always been judged with reference to customs and 

traditions of the service. 

It is difficult to predict which relationships (strong 

friendships, parent-child, sibling, career, and business) 

can create or appear to create an adverse impact on 

discipline, authority, morale or mission. Therefore, the 

Army prohibits all unprofessional relationships that 

compromise the chain of command, because partiality or 

unfairness, involve the improper use of grade for 

personal gain or are perceived to be exploitive or 

coercive in nature. 

Relationships that may create or appear to create an 

adverse impact on discipline, authority, morale, or 

mission accomplishment are also prohibited. 
144 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Professional Relationships: Professional relationships 

are interactions consistent with the Army values. 

Professional relationships are those that contribute to 

the effective operation of the Army. 

Unprofessional Relationship: Unprofessional 

relationships occur when they detract from the authority 

of superiors or result in or create the appearance of: 

favoritism, misuse of office or position, or the 

abandonment of organizational goals for personal 

interests. 

Unprofessional relationships negatively affect our ability 

to carry out our mission. History shows unprofessional 

relationships erode morale, respect for authority, unit 

cohesion, and mission accomplishment. 

Due to the damage to that might occur, maintaining an 

unprofessional relationship is specifically prohibited and 

could result in disciplinary action. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 145

Fraternization 

The Army’s fraternization policy prohibits personal 

relationships between officer and enlisted personnel 

regardless of their service. This policy applies to 

different-gender relationships and same-gender 

relationships. 

Violations of the fraternization and improper 

relationships policy may be punished under Article 92 

and/or 134, UCMJ, as a violation of a lawful general 

regulation. 

Categories of personal relationships may include: 

• Dating.

• Shared living accommodations. 

• Engaging in intimate or sexual relations. 

• Business enterprises. 

• Commercial solicitations. 

• Gambling or borrowing.

• Writing personal letters

• Text messages

• Emails (Unrelated to the training mission)

• Personal telephone conversations (Unrelated to 

the training mission)

• Friending through Social media sites 
146 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Improper Relationships

There are two major categories of illegal associations: 

relationships between permanent party members and 

BCT/OSUT/AIT Soldiers (Cadre-Trainee) and 

relationships between BCT/OSUT/AIT Soldiers (TraineeTrainee). 

Any relationship between permanent party 

personnel and Trainee Soldiers not required by the 

training mission is prohibited.

There are no consensual relationships between 

Cadre-Trainee or between Trainee-Trainee during 

BCT/OSUT/AIT.

Trainers will sign a form with explicit and strict command 

guidance that acknowledges their understanding and 

responsibilities regarding the policies prohibiting 

inappropriate behaviors and relations outlined in DOD 

instructions. 

This form will be retained in the trainer’s record while 

they are assigned to the training duty and will be 

revalidated annually. 

This includes, but is not limited to, the following: 

• Drinking, dancing, or gambling. 

• Writing and/or receiving personal letters or emails. 

• Riding in permanent party privately owned 

vehicles.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 147

• Having sexual conversations, contact (kissing, 

hugging, caressing, fondling, handholding, etc.), or 

intercourse. 

• Sending and/or receiving text messages or phone 

calls.

• Personal telephone conversations (Unrelated to 

the training mission)

• Friending through Social media sites 

IET Soldiers are prohibited from having any relationship 

with permanent party personnel without regard to the 

installation assignment of the permanent party member 

or the trainee. 

For example, personnel assigned or attached to the U.S. 

Army Recruiting Command may not have any 

relationship with potential prospects, applicants, and 

members of the Delayed Entry Program or Delayed 

Training Program, not required by the recruiting mission. 

After receiving the training on the policies stated in the 

DOD instructions all Soldiers will sign a form with explicit 

and strict command guidance acknowledging their 

understanding and responsibilities as outlined in the 

instructions. 

This form will be retained in the Soldier’s file until they 

detach from the training command or school to which 

they are assigned or attached. 
148 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Unlawful associations between Trainee Soldiers involve 

any actual or attempted consensual contact or 

socializing between or among Soldiers who are 

BCT/OSUT/AIT. Soldiers will therefore avoid the 

following associations and acts: 

• Consensual contact or socializing (between or 

among Soldiers who are in BCT, OSUT or AIT) 

which involves handholding, embracing, 

caressing, kissing, touching, massaging or 

fondling of a sexual nature, engaging in sexual 

intercourse, or sodomy. 

• Use of sexually explicit, suggestive, or obscene 

language or gestures directed towards, or with 

respect to another Soldier in BCT, OSUT or AIT. 

• Gender-based or race-based harassment or 

disparaging language or actions (by a Soldier or a 

group of Soldiers in BCT, OSUT or AIT) directed 

towards another Soldier or group of Soldiers in 

BCT, OSUT or AIT. 

• Entry into the living quarters, latrines, or other 

areas designated for the exclusive use of Soldiers 

of the opposite sex, unless required by training 

mission/ official duties or for health or safety 

emergencies. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 149

However, language or socializing of a non-sexual, nonharassing nature between BCT, OSUT and AIT Soldiers 

is not illegal if the interaction is based on the esprit and 

enthusiasm generated by the basic training mission and 

the professional development associated with BCT, 

OSUT and AIT.

Finally, there is no prohibition against Trainee Soldiers of 

the same or opposite sex talking to one another or 

developing friendships. 

9-4. SHARP

The Army’s SHARP program exists so that the Army can 

prevent incidents of sexual harassment and sexual 

assault before they occur. 

When sexual harassment or sexual assault occurs, it is 

not only a direct violation of our Army Core Values and 

Warrior Ethos, but also an assault on what it means to 

serve in the Profession of Arms and the Army way of life 

- a life in which it is our duty to protect and take care of 

each other no matter the time, place, or circumstance. 

As a band of brothers and sisters, we have a personal 

and professional duty to intervene and prevent sexual 

harassment and sexual assault.

I.A.M. STRONG: Intervene, Act, and Motivate (I. A.M.) 

STRONG is the Army's campaign to combat sexual 

harassment and sexual assault by engaging all Soldiers 
150 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

in preventing sexual harassment or assault before they 

occur. 

As Soldiers and proud members of our team, we are 

duty bound to Intervene, Act, and Motivate others to stop 

sexual harassment and sexual assault and help foster 

an environment free of these behaviors.

Sexual Harassment: Sexual harassment is a form of 

sex discrimination that involves unwelcome sexual 

advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal, 

or physical conduct of a sexual nature. The following 

conditions are signs of sexual harassment. 

• Submission to such conduct is made either 

explicitly or implicitly a term or condition of a 

person’s job, pay, or career, or

• Submission to, or rejection of, such conduct by a 

person is used as a basis for career or 

employment decisions affecting that person, or

• Such conduct has the purpose or effect of 

unreasonably interfering with an individual’s work 

performance or creates an intimidating, hostile, or 

offensive working environment. 

Note: “Workplace” is an expansive term for Soldiers and 

may include conduct on or off duty, 24 hours a day, on 

or off post. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 151

Examples of Sexual Harassment:

Verbal:

• Making sexual jokes, gestures, remarks, or 

innuendos.

• Making comments about an individual’s 

appearance, body, clothing, or sexual behavior.

• Spreading sexual rumors about an individual.

• Persistent, unwanted requests for social (dates) or 

sexual activity.

• Participating in sexually charged conversations.

• Nonverbal:

• Making and/or posting inappropriate sexual 

remarks to, or photos of, an Individual via social 

media sites, text message, or email.

• Displaying pornographic material or sexual photos 

in the workplace.

• Making a sexually offensive expression.

• Conduct of a sexual nature intended to embarrass, 

intimidate, demean, or degrade.

Physical Contact:

• Unwanted touching.

• Intimidation (blocking or cornering someone in a 

sexual way).
152 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The Right Response:

To determine if conduct falls under the category of 

sexual harassment, consider the following questions: 

• Is the behavior sexual in nature? 

• Is the behavior unwelcome? 

• Does the behavior create a hostile or offensive 

work environment? 

• Have sexual favors been demanded, requested, or 

suggested (especially as a condition of 

employment or career and job success)? 

Your Options:

Suggested individual actions to deal with sexual 

harassment include: 

Direct approach. 

• Indirect approach. 

• Third Party. 

• Report harassment to the Chain of Command. 

• File a formal Complaint. 

If you are uncomfortable because of certain sexual 

remarks or behaviors, you should be assertive. In 

responding to behavior that is or may become sexual 

harassment, you should tell the person how you feel. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 153

Describe what you do not like. Stay focused on the 

behavior and its impact. Clearly state what you want in 

the future. Tell any potential offender, “I do not want to 

hear that again” or, “Do not touch me again.” 

If harassment continues after you have warned the 

harasser of their words and actions, go to your 

immediate superior unless that is the person doing the 

harassing. 

In that case, go to his superior. 

If appropriate action is not taken, you may want to go up 

the chain of command to an Equal Opportunity 

Advisor/Equal Opportunity Representative or SHARP 

representatives such as the SARC or Victim Advocate 

(VA). 

You can always tell a chaplain and ask for help.

Sexual Assault is an act intended to abuse, humiliate, 

harass, or degrade any person or to arouse or gratify the 

sexual desire of any person characterized by the use of 

force, threats, intimidation, or abuse of authority or when 

the victim does not or cannot consent. 

The term includes a broad category of sexual offenses

consisting of the following specific UCMJ offenses: rape, 

sexual assault, aggravated sexual contact, abusive 

sexual contact, forcible sodomy (forced oral or anal sex), 

or attempts to commit these offenses. 
154 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Sexual assault is a crime! 

Examples of Sexual Assault may include:

• Rape and nonconsensual sodomy.

• Performing sexual acts or sexual contact with an 

individual who cannot give consent because he or 

she is sleeping/passed out or too impaired to 

consent due to alcohol or drugs and the condition 

is known or reasonably should have been known 

by the alleged offender.

• Using physical threats or force in order to engage 

in sexual contact with an individual.

• Performing sexual acts or sexual contact with an 

individual who has expressed lack of consent 

through words (e.g. said “no” or “stop”) or through 

conduct.

• Sexual contact without permission, which can 

include fondling and hazing incidents.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 155

Zero Tolerance Policy

The Army’s policy states that sexual assault is a criminal 

offense incompatible with the Army’s high standards of 

professionalism, discipline, and Army Values. 

Commanders and supervisors of perpetrators will take 

appropriate disciplinary action and/or administrative 

action. 

Male and female Soldiers can commit rape. 

The types of rape include physical and indirect force, 

date/acquaintance rape, and marital rape. 

Your responsibility as a Soldier is to treat your fellow 

Soldiers the same as you would treat your buddy, or how 

you would prefer to be treated. This means if you see a 

Soldier in danger or trouble, you must take action.

What to do if you have been sexually assaulted 

If you have been sexually assaulted or think you have 

been, go to a safe location away from the perpetrator. 

If you want to talk with someone or want assistance, you 

have individuals who are ready to help. Make sure you 

understand the difference between a restricted and 

unrestricted report so that those you reach out to will 

understand your needs and can best assist you.
156 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Restricted Report: Sexual assault victims who want to 

confidentially disclose a sexual assault without triggering 

an official investigation can contact a SARC/SHARP 

Specialist/VA, or a healthcare provider. 

By filing a restricted report with these personnel, a victim 

can disclose the sexual assault without triggering an 

official investigation AND receive medical treatment, 

advocacy services, legal assistance, and counseling. 

You can speak to a Chaplain and also maintain a 

restricted report. While a Chaplain cannot take a 

restricted report, Chaplains may not disclose privileged 

communication revealed in the practice of their ministry 

without the individual's informed consent. The Chaplain 

will report incidents of sexual assault to the SARC only 

with the victim’s consent.

Unrestricted Report: This option is for victims of sexual 

assault who desire medical treatment, counseling, legal 

assistance, SARC/SHARP Specialist and VA assistance, 

and an official investigation of the crime.

When selecting unrestricted reporting, you may report 

the incident to the SARC/SHARP Specialist or VA, 

request healthcare providers to notify law enforcement, 

contact law enforcement yourself, or use current 

reporting channels, e.g., chain of command. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 157

You can also call the DoD SAFE helpline at 877-995-

5247 or your local installation helpline for further 

assistance. 

Sex Rules 

The Army has the following rules as both an awareness 

and reminder tool to keep you and your fellow Soldiers 

out of harm's way. 

Rule No. 1: Sexual assault is a crime. Those in the 

Army found guilty of sexual assault could face a 

dishonorable discharge and up to 30 years in prison. 

Integrity. Do what’s right, legally and morally. 

Rule No. 2: No always means no. Unless the individual 

says yes, the answer is always no. Loyalty. Remain true 

to your fellow Soldiers. 

Rule No. 3: Without consent, it’s sexual assault.

Never assume you have consent. Ask. Honor. Live up 

to the Army values with every choice you make.

Rule No. 4: Unwanted physical contact is wrong.

Unwanted or inappropriate touching, patting, tickling, 

pinching, bumping, hugging, grabbing, rubbing, etc can 

be considered sexual assault. It’s simple really. Keep 

your hands off! Respect. Treat others with dignity and 

respect.
158 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Rule No. 5: Sexually offensive remarks are sexual 

harassment. Verbal sexual harassment includes telling 

sexual jokes; whistling in a sexually suggestive manner; 

and describing certain attributes of one’s physical 

appearance in a sexual manner. Duty. Act in the best 

interest of your unit.

Rule No. 6: Silence doesn’t mean consent. Respect.

Clarify; ask before acting.

Rule No. 7: Assess, discern and mitigate risk. 

Recognizing the warning signs of a potential sexual 

assault can help assure that it never happens. Selfless 

Service. Ensure your Battle Buddy’s safety.

Rule No. 8: Set the Standard of Conduct. Now that 

you’re a Soldier, you are held to a higher standard of 

conduct. Duty. Be and hold others accountable.

Rule No. 9: Stop sexual hazing, bullying and assault. 

All acts of sexual harassment or assault break the bond 

of trust between battle buddies and weakens the unit. 

Integrity. You are a Soldier, lead by example and stand 

up for what is right.

Rule No. 10: Be a leader; not a passive bystander. If 

you’re ever in a situation where you witness someone 

sexually harassed or assaulted, it is your obligation to 

have the Personal Courage to intervene. Personal 

Courage. Intervene, Act and Motivate.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 159

Chapter 10 – Reference Material

10-1. The National Anthem

Written by Francis Scott Key in 1814, the Star Spangled 

Banner was played at military occasions ordered by 

President Woodrow Wilson in 1916, and in 1931 was 

designated as our national anthem by an Act of 

Congress.

The Star Spangled Banner is the timeless rendition of 

our sacred American Flag and country’s patriotic spirit.

The Star Spangled Banner

Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light,

What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last 

gleaming?

Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous 

fight'

O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly 

streaming.

And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air,

Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.

Oh, say, does that Star-Spangled Banner yet wave

O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave? 
160 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

10-2. The Army Song

The Army Song tells the heroic story of our past, present, 

and future. It was originally written by First Lieutenant 

Edmund L. Gruber, a Field Artillery officer, in 1908 and it 

was adopted in 1952 as the official song of our Army. As a 

time-honored tradition, the song is played at the conclusion 

of every U.S. Army ceremony in which all Soldiers are 

expected to stand and proudly sing the lyrics. 

Army Song

March along, sing our song, with the Army of the free.

Count the brave, count the true, who have fought to 

victory.

We’re the Army and proud of our name!

We’re the Army and proudly proclaim. 

First to fight for the right, And to build the Nation’s might,

And The Army Goes Rolling Along.

Proud of all we have done, Fighting till the battle’s won,

And the Army Goes Rolling Along.

Then it’s Hi! Hi! Hey! The Army’s on its way.

Count off the cadence loud and strong.

For where e’er we go, you will always know,

That The Army Goes Rolling Along.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 161

10-3. The Code of Conduct

I. I am an American, fighting in the forces which guard 

my country and our way of life. I am prepared to give 

my life in their defense. 

II. I will never surrender of my own free will. If in 

command, I will never surrender the members of my 

command while they still have the means to resist. 

III. If I am captured, I will continue to resist by all means 

available. I will make every effort to escape and aid 

others to escape. I will accept neither parole nor 

special favors from the enemy. 

IV. If I become a prisoner of war, I will keep faith with my 

fellow prisoners. I will give no information or take 

part in any action, which might be harmful to my 

comrades. If I am senior, I will take command. If not, 

I will obey the lawful orders of those appointed over 

me and will back them up in every way. 

V. When questioned, should I become a prisoner of 

war, I am required to give name, rank, service 

number, and date of birth. I will evade answering 

further questions to the utmost of my ability. I will 

make no oral or written statements disloyal to my 

country and its allies or harmful to their cause. 

VI. I will never forget that I am an American, fighting for 

freedom, responsible for my actions, and dedicated 

to the principles which made my country free. I will 

trust in my God and in the United States of America.
162 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

The Code of Conduct is our guide for how all Soldiers, 

Sailors, Airmen and Marines must conduct themselves if 

captured by the enemy. The Code of Conduct, in six 

brief Articles, addresses the intense situations and 

decisions that, to some degree, all military service 

members could encounter. It contains the critical 

information for U.S. prisoners of war to survive 

honorably while faithfully resisting the enemy’s efforts of 

exploitation.

10-4. General Orders/Special Orders

General Orders:

1. I will guard everything within the limits of my post 

and quit my post only when properly relieved.

2. I will obey my special orders and perform all my 

duties in a military manner.

3. I will report violations on my special orders, 

emergencies, and anything not covered in my 

instructions to the commander of relief.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 163

BCT / OSUT / AIT Special Orders: Additional 

requirements or instructions imbedded within the general 

orders.

1. I will not do anything that would injure, degrade or 

harm my teammates...for I am an American 

Soldier sworn to defend the Values that we hold 

dear as a nation. 

2. I will not go anywhere without my battle buddy, 

and will take action to protect him/her from harm, 

whether that harm is to them self or at the hands 

of others...for I am the first line of defense in the 

protection of my teammates.

3. I trust my fellow Soldiers with my life, but if I 

observe any threats against my battle buddy or my 

teammates, it is my personal responsibility to 

report that infraction to my leadership...for it is my 

duty as a Soldier to serve and protect others.

10-5. Guard Duty

One of the most important duties you will perform in the 

Army is guard duty. In a combat zone or unit area, 

cautious guards can mean the difference between life 

and death. However, guards are important everywhere 

due to the terrorist threats that can occur anywhere. 

Knowing your General Orders and Initial Military Training

Special Orders, as mentioned earlier in this book, will 

have a major impact during Guard Duty.
164 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Reacting to an Inspecting Officer

When you are on guard duty and approached by an 

inspecting officer, these steps are followed:

• Stop walking and assume the position of attention.

• When the inspecting officer approaches, render a 

proper hand salute. 

• When the salute is returned, execute order arms.

• Remain at attention. 

• The inspecting officer will command, “At ease.”

• The inspecting officer may ask questions 

pertaining to your general orders, special orders, 

and what has transpired at your post.

• When finished with the inspection, the inspecting 

officer will say, “Carry on.” 

• Assume the position of attention and render a 

proper hand salute, holding it until it is returned. 

• Resume walking your post.

Challenging Unknown Persons

The following steps are carried out when challenging 

unknown persons (night) and summoning the 

commander of the relief:

• Upon seeing or hearing an unknown person, come 

to port arms. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 165

• Issue the command "Halt.” (Person halts.) 

• Call out “Who is/goes there?” Unknown person 

identifies him/herself. 

• State “Advance to be recognized.” 

• Command “Halt,” when the person can be seen 

but not closer than 2 to 3 meters away. 

• Say “State your business.” Unknown person 

states reason for presence in guarded area.

• Require the unknown person to place their 

identification on the ground and move back six 

steps. 

• Check the identification while keeping the person 

under observation.

• If the identification (ID) and authorization do not 

match, move to the phone and call the 

commander of the relief while keeping the person 

under observation.

• Release the person to the commander of the relief 

and explain that their identification and 

authorization do not match.
166 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

10-6. Army Organizations

Active Army and Reserve Component

The U.S. Army consists of the Active Army, the ARNG 

and the USAR. 

Army Unit Organizations

The squad/section is the smallest unit, consisting of 

eight to ten Soldiers. You will be assigned to a squad or 

a section when you report to your first unit.

The platoon includes the platoon leader, platoon 

sergeant, and two or more squads. (Normally 4 squads)

The company includes the company commander, first 

sergeant, and two or more platoons. (Normally 3 to 4 

squads)

The battalion includes the battalion commander, his or 

her staff and headquarters, the command sergeant 

major, and approximately 3-5 companies.

The brigade consists of two to five battalions. It includes 

the brigade commander, command sergeant major, and 

a headquarters.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 167

Chapter 11 – First Duty Station

11-1. Where Will I Serve?

Our Army has Soldiers and units in every State, 

Commonwealth and Possession across the United 

States. If you are in the active component, you may find 

yourself stationed in Alaska, Hawaii, Japan, Germany, 

Korea, Italy, and Turkey. Our presence is needed 

around the world to defend citizens, preserve liberties, 

and fight for freedom.

If your unit has been designated to deploy to 

Afghanistan, the Middle East, Asia, Africa or South 

America to perform regional missions, the unit will 

prepare you for that deployment. 

11-2. How Can I Prepare?

The training you are receiving now is preparing you for 

the challenges you will meet in your first unit, as you join 

a new team and establish a new group of “battle 

buddies.”

Your first assignment will be even more challenging and 

even more rewarding as your BCT / OSUT / AIT 

experience, but only if you prepare yourself mentally for 

the journey. Have faith and trust in your unit leaders that 

they will provide you with the knowledge, training, and 

physical preparation for that next gate in your 

professional development. 
168 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

11-3. Promotions

Progressing through the enlisted Army ranks is a major 

accomplishment. In the performance of your military 

duties, opportunities for education and self-development

are available. This provides you with enhanced skills

and allows your leaders to assess your leadership 

potential. Opportunities for advancement are available 

for you if you are committed to pursuing these 

opportunities.

There are two ways to get promoted to Specialist:

One is automatic as long as you have no punitive 

actions with the following time in grade (TIG) [the 

amount of time you have served continuously on the 

rank/grade] and service (TIS) [the amount of time you 

have served in the Army]:

Promotion

Time in Service 

(TIS)

Time in 

Grade (TIG)

PVT - PV2 6 months N/A

PV2 - PFC 12 months 4 months

PFC - SPC 24 months 6 months
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 169

The other is to receive a waiver from the Commander. 

The numbers available are few and depend on the 

Army’s need for that specific rank. A waiver can be 

used to wave either TIS or TIG, but not both. The 

Commander will pick the best Soldiers per rank to 

receive the waivers allocated each month. With a

waiver, minimum promotion requirements are:

Promotion

Time in Service 

(TIS)

Time in 

Grade (TIG)

PVT - PV2 4 months N/A

PV2 - PFC 6 months 2 months

PFC - SPC 18 months 3 months

To get promoted to Sergeant, Specialists must meet the 

minimum TIS and TIG to be eligible and then must 

appear before a unit promotion board (battalion or 

higher) and be selected for promotion. 

Once the board selects you for promotion, then your 

promotion points are calculated. The Army assesses 

every month how many Sergeants they need in your 

MOS. If the points drop below your number, you will be 

selected for promotion. The number varies from month 

to month. 

Promotions points are earned through merits (awards 

and certificates), schooling (both Military and civilian 
170 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

education), and Soldier proficiency scores (APFT and 

Weapons Qualification). Minimum TIS and TIG 

requirements are:

Promotion 

SPC - SGT

Time in Service 

(TIS)

Time in 

Grade (TIG)

Primary 

Zone 35 months 7 months

Secondary 

Zone 17 months 5 months

To excel as an Army Professional, every Soldier should 

set goals. Determine what you want from this 

opportunity to serve and continue the journey that you 

have embarked. 

Depending on the MOS and length of your contract, it is 

possible to make Specialist or Sergeant during your first 

enlistment. Whether you leave the Army at the 

conclusion of your enlistment or continue serving, your 

accomplishments will define who you are and inspire you 

to excel in and out of the military. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 171

Examples of goal-setting during your first enlistment:

• Become proficient on every weapon system within 

your Platoon

• Become licensed to drive every vehicle within your

company

• Strive to obtain high individual scores on weapons 

and physical training

• Volunteer to attend resident military schools and 

courses when they become available in your MOS

• Work on your civilian education with a goal to 

receive an Associate’s or Bachelorette’s Degree 

before the end of your enlistment

• Represent your unit and compete for Soldier of the 

Month selection

You can learn more about promotions through your NCO 

support channel. You can track your career path 

through the Army Career Tracker at: 

https://actnow.army.mil/
172 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Appendix A – Army Resources

A-1. Leave and Earnings Statement
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 173

The leave and earning statement (LES) is your detailed 

pay statement, which is issued at the end of each month. 

It shows your entitlements, deductions, and allotments, 

and it provides a summary of all pay transactions. It also 

shows your end-of-month pay and where your pay is 

being deposited. It is your duty to review the LES and 

ensure the information is correct. If you find an error, 

report it to your chain of command immediately. 

1. ID/Administration. The first section is the 

ID/Administration section. It shows your name, social 

security number (SSN), pay grade, pay date, years of 

service, ETS date, your branch of service, the code 

number of your servicing finance office, and the period 

covered by the LES. 

2. Entitlements. The second section is the entitlements 

section and lists all of your pay and allowances. Some 

common entries in this section include:

• Base Pay: Soldiers base pay is taxable and is 

calculated according to pay grade and years of 

service.

• Allowances: Soldiers are entitled to non-taxable 

allowances in addition to monthly base pay. 

• Basic Allowance for Subsistence (BAS). BAS is 

tax-free money the Army pays Soldiers who are 

not relying on Dining Facilities (DFACs) for all their 

meals (i.e., married Soldiers). 
174 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

• Basic Allowance for Housing (BAH) is tax-free 

money the Army pays Soldiers for housing. 

• Clothing Allowance (CA). Active duty enlisted 

Soldiers are paid a tax free Clothing Allowance to 

defray the cost of maintaining uniforms and 

replacing worn-out uniforms. 

3. Deductions. There may be several deductions taken 

out of Soldier’s pay, such as taxes and fines. 

4. Allotments. There are various types of allotments and 

limits as to the number of allotments Soldiers may have 

at one time. 

5. Summary. Provides the dollar totals of various 

sections and of your LES. 

6. Leave. Shows a running balance and a history of 

your leave account.

7. Federal Tax Section. Federal taxes are figured on 

your pay.

8. FICA Section. Federal Insurance Contributions Act 

(FICA) taxes are figured on your taxable pay. FICA data 

is shown in the first five blocks. 

9. State Tax. (Similar to Federal tax block)

10. Pay Data. DFAS uses the "PAY DATA" section for 

information about entitlements that relate to your pay 

account. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 175

11. Thrift Savings Plan (TSP). This section shows 

information pertaining to your Thrift Savings Plan. The 

TSP is a program available to you, which invests a 

portion of your pay into a variety of available funds

12. Remarks. This section shows your entitlements and 

deductions so far this calendar year. Other than that, the 

"REMARKS" section explains entries in the other 

sections, as well as other useful information. 

A-2. Managing Personal Finances

It is your duty as a Soldier to fulfill all of your financial 

obligations and provide for your family members. There 

are several key components to achieving this task. Take 

action to ensure you are receiving your paycheck and 

have financial systems in place to meet your needs. 

Inquire with other individuals about the services they 

receive and make educated financial decisions.

MyPay: Soldiers can review and print their leave and 

earnings statement, thrift savings plan investments, 

savings deposit program Statement, allotments, savings 

bonds purchases, and direct deposit amounts at 

https://mypay.dfas.mil/mypay.aspx.Ensure you visit the 

official military web site only.

Sure-Pay Program: The Army requires all Soldiers to 

enroll in the sure-pay program. This means that you 

must have your paycheck deposited directly to a 

checking or savings account. If you close or change this 
176 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

account, you must ensure that you go to your local PAC 

and fill out the proper forms to update your Sure-Pay 

data.

The Army will pay you once per month on the first of 

each month, or twice per month on the 1st and the 15th -

your choice based on your budget requirements.

You must carefully review your monthly leave and 

earning statement to ensure that your pay is being 

deposited properly and you are receiving all of the 

benefits (Base Pay, BAH, etc.) that you are entitled. 

Bank Deposit Account: There are some key items to 

consider when choosing the financial institution at which 

you will keep your direct deposit account. 

First, inquire if there is a monthly service charge for 

maintaining a checking account. Numerous institutions 

offer free checking, as long as you have set up SurePay. 

Then, inquire if there a charge for using ATMs. Cash 

withdrawal charges can be expensive, and often banks 

do not charge ATM fees at local branches. Ask yourself, 

“Does the bank have branches available throughout the 

U.S.?” 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 177

Third, as the Army requires frequent moves, it is 

important to consider a bank that provides service at 

numerous military installations where you could be 

stationed. 

Lastly, while a local bank may be your best option, you 

may have to change accounts when you make a 

permanent change of station move.

Check Writing: Managing your checkbook will be a 

critical factor in properly administering your personal 

finances. You must pay close attention to each 

transaction to ensure you always know your checking 

account balance; this ensures you have sufficient funds 

in the account and do not write a fraudulent check.

There are several consequences for writing a bad check. 

First of all, your bank and the institution to which the 

check was written may each assess a service charge 

often as much as $30 each or more if they use a 

percentage system based on the amount of your check.

In addition to service charges, your reputation and credit 

rating will be damaged, making it difficult (and more 

costly) to purchase a car, home, or other items requiring 

a loan. 

Also, you could lose check-writing privileges on post, 

and if you bounce a check on post, your commander and 

1SG will receive notification, and you may be 

reprimanded or punished.
178 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

A-3. Tri-service Medical Care (TRICARE)

The Army is dedicated to taking care of its most 

important assets—Soldiers and military Family 

members. 

TRICARE is the Department of Defense's worldwide 

health care program available to eligible beneficiaries 

from the uniformed services. 

TRICARE is free to Soldiers but may involve some outof-pocket expenses for Family members. The cost varies 

depending on the Soldier's rank and the specific 

TRICARE program option in which the Family member is 

enrolled.

Through the TRICARE program, Family members can 

also go to civilian health care providers if they desire. 

But before going to a civilian practitioner, Family 

members should talk to the Beneficiary Counseling and 

Assistance Coordinator (BCAC) at the nearest military 

health care facility to see if there are any out-of-pocket 

expenses. The BCAC will confirm your registration in the 

Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting System

(DEERS), and can provide a list of doctors in your local 

area who will accept "TRICARE patients. 

When permissible, visit TRICARE online for more 

information on your military health benefits and regional 

health plans—www.tricare.mil.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 179

A-4. Service members' Group Life Insurance (SGLI)

As a United States Soldier, you may encounter hostile 

situations while stationed abroad and in combat. The 

well-being of your Family is of the greatest concern to 

the Army. 

One of the many benefits afforded Soldiers is the 

opportunity to purchase very low-cost life insurance. 

SGLI provides up to a maximum of $400,000. SGLI 

automatically covers you for this maximum amount 

unless you select in writing a lesser amount, in 

increments of $50,000. You may also decline SGLI 

altogether, but this decision is so important that you

must also do that in writing. The payment is deducted 

automatically from your pay each month. Soldiers with 

Families almost always select coverage in the maximum 

amount. 

Spouses and children are eligible for Family SGLI. 

Coverage for a spouse is automatically $100,000 unless 

a lesser amount, in steps of $10,000, is chosen. Each 

child is covered for $10,000 for free.

When permissible, visit the Service member’s Life 

Insurance website maintained by the Department of 

Veterans Affairs for additional information and 

assistance with enrollment—

www.insurance.va.gov/sgliSite/default.htm.
180 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

A-5. Dental

The level of dental care will vary from post to post, but it 

is available for all Soldiers. However, Family member 

care is generally not available at military dental facilities. 

Family members may get dental insurance through the 

TRICARE Dental Program. The TRICARE Dental 

Program (TDP) is dental insurance in which you pay a 

monthly fee in exchange for Family coverage. It is a 

voluntary, cost effective, comprehensive program offered 

worldwide by the Department of Defense to Family 

members of all active duty branches of the military, and 

to Selected Reserve and Individual Ready Reserve 

members and their Family members. 

Just as is the case for TRICARE health care, Family 

members must be registered in DEERS to be eligible for 

the TRICARE Dental Program. 

In order to participate, the Soldier must have 12 months 

left on his or her service commitment at the time of 

enrollment, and submit an enrollment form with the first 

month's premium or enroll online using a charge card. 

The monthly premiums will usually be deducted from the 

Soldier's pay, although there are other payment options. 

Depending on the dental procedures performed, 

treatment may be completely covered by the insurance, 

or there may be co-payments required. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 181

In addition, there is a maximum annual amount that 

TRICARE will pay for any one beneficiary. Once that 

yearly amount is reached for the individual, all costs 

above the maximum must be paid for by the Family. 

When permissible, complete information and instructions 

on how to enroll and find a local dental provider are 

available on-line at: www.tricare.mil/Dental/TDP.aspx.

A-6. Army Emergency Relief

Army Emergency Relief (AER): Is a private nonprofit 

organization incorporated in 1942 by the Secretary of 

War and the Army Chief of Staff. AER’s mission is to 

provide emergency financial assistance to Soldiers and 

their Families.

What Can AER Do?

Help with emergency financial needs 

for:

• Food, rent or utilities

• Emergency transportation and 

vehicle repair

• Funeral expenses

• Medical/dental expenses

• Provide college scholarships to children, spouses, 

and surviving spouses of Soldiers.

• Additional Benefits:
182 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

o Lifetime membership in the Army Air Force 

Mutual Aid Association for surviving Families 

of Soldiers who die on active duty.

o Grants for wounded Soldiers medically 

evacuated from a theater of combat

o Personal Financial Management Training for 

Soldiers in AIT

Who is Eligible?

• Active duty Soldiers, single or married, and their 

Family members.

• Army National Guard and Army Reserve Soldiers 

on continuous active duty for more than 30 days 

and their Family members (Title 10, USC).

• Soldiers retired from active duty for longevity or 

physical disability, and their Family members.

• Army National Guard and Army Reserve Soldiers 

who retired at age 60, and their Family members.

• Surviving spouses and orphans of Soldiers who 

died while on active duty or after they retired.

How Do I Get Assistance?

• Through your unit chain of command and the 

installation AER section.

• If there is no AER section near you, you can get 

assistance through:
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 183

o American Red Cross (local chapter, or 24 hour 

emergency services)

o Air Force Base (Air Force Aid Society)

o Navy/Marine Corps Base (Navy-Marine Corps 

Relief Society)

o Coast Guard Base (Coast Guard Mutual 

Assistance) 

What Should I Bring With Me?

• Military ID Card

• Leave and Earnings Statement

• Leave/PCS Orders

• Substantiating documents such as car repair 

estimate, rental agreement, and utility bill.

Can My Spouse Get AER Help If I’m Away?

Yes. Your spouse should bring:

• Power of Attorney

• Military ID Card

• Substantiating documents

What Kind of Assistance Can I Expect?

• An interest free loan.

• A grant if repayment of loan will cause undue 

hardship.

• Part loan and part grant.
184 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

What is the Command Referral Program?

• Company Commander or First Sergeant can 

approve AER loans up to $1,000.

• Provides Company/Battery Chain of Command 

ability to assist Soldier with financial issues.

How Do I Apply for a Scholarship?

• MG James Ursano Scholarship Program and 

Stateside Spouse Education Assistance Program 

applications are available online 1 December and 

are due the following April.

• Overseas Spouse Education Assistance 

Program’s academic year consists of 5 terms. 

Applications for the upcoming terms are available 

online.

Is There a Dollar Limit on AER Help?

No. AER will meet your emergency need.

Do I Have to Contribute to AER to Get Help?

No. If you are eligible for AER assistance and have a 

valid emergency need, AER will help.

Where Does AER Get Its Funds?

• Voluntary contributions from active and retired 

Soldiers and civilians.

• Repayment of AER interest-free loans.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 185

• Investment income.

• Unsolicited contributions.

Why Does AER Have a Fundraising Campaign? 

• Provide an opportunity for Soldiers to help their 

fellow Soldiers. 

• Create greater awareness and understanding of 

AER programs and benefits. 

• Retain tax exempt status by raising at least 1/3 of 

our funds through donations. 

What Portion of My Contribution Helps Soldiers? 

89 cents of every dollar you contribute goes to help 

Soldiers; AER administrative and fundraising expenses 

cost only 11 cents. 

What is AER’s Record of Assistance? 

• Since it was established in 1942, AER has helped 

more than 3.2 million Soldiers and Family 

members with more than $1 billion. 

• In 2009, AER assisted 71,000 Soldiers and their 

Families with more than $79 million. 

How Can I Help AER? 

• Remind fellow Soldiers about AER when they 

have financial emergencies. 

• Support AER with a contribution and encourage 

others to contribute.
186 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

• The Army-wide annual AER fund campaign is 

conducted 1 March –15 May. 

• You can contribute to your local AER fund 

campaign or send your contribution to AER 

National Headquarters. 

• All contributions are tax deductible. 

• Unsolicited donations are accepted any time by 

mail or on-line.

For more information contact your local AER officer or 

visit our website at www.aerhq.org.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 187

A-7. Soldier For Life and Credentialing

If you serve faithfully and honorably, you are a Soldier 

for Life, whether you are in the active or reserve 

components, or serve for one enlistment or a long 

career. 

Your Army wants to be a partner in your lifelong 

success. Everyone leaves active duty at some point, 

and most will need (or want) a civilian job. We want to 

help you have a successful transition to civilian life and 

civilian employment. 

It’s never too early to start thinking about your long-term 

goals and taking steps, even small ones, to achieve 

them. 

While in the Army, you will learn valuable skills. Strive to 

be the best in your specialty. One of the reasons 

veterans sometimes have trouble finding jobs is that they 

have trouble explaining their military experience in terms 

that are meaningful to civilian employers. 

One of the best ways to do that is by earning a 

credential. A credential is government license (usually 

state governments) or a certification from a nongovernment credentialing agency. 

Commercial truck driver’s licenses and medical licenses 

are examples of government-issued credentials. 
188 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Non-government credentialing agencies that offer 

certifications include the National Institute for Automotive 

Service Excellence, the American Culinary Federation, 

and the American Welding Society. 

You can learn more about credentials related to your 

MOS on the website “Army Credentialing Opportunities 

On-line at https://www.cool.army.mil/ (or do a search 

under “Army COOL”). You will learn more about 

credentialing in your military training and from the 

leaders in your unit of assignment. 

Soldiers in some fields are required to earn credentials, 

such as an FAA license for Air Traffic Controllers, but for 

most Soldiers, credentialing programs are voluntary. 

You may work on a credential on your own, or you might 

have the opportunity to participate in an Army sponsored 

credentialing program. 

Most of these programs are offered to students in Army 

schools. When you go to an Army School, you might be 

asked if you want to volunteer to take a credentialing 

exam. The Army might give you study material, 

including web-based training. They might pay your fees 

and make arrangements for you to take the exam. We 

encourage you to take advantage of these programs, 

take them seriously, and study. 

You might earn a valuable credential that will someday 

make your job application stand out. 
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 189

The Army believes that studying for a credential in your 

field makes you a better-rounded Soldier, and it is one 

sign that you are a true professional in your military 

specialty. 

It is difficult to provide general information about 

credentials, because there is so much variety among 

military specialties and among credentials and 

credentialing agencies. 

Some military specialties (for example, Motor Transport 

Operators, Wheeled Vehicle Mechanics, Food Service 

Specialists, and many others) closely match civilian jobs. 

Other valuable military specialties, such as Infantrymen 

and Armor Crew Members, do not match civilian jobs. 

If you are in a specialty that does not closely match a 

civilian job and does not have a lot of credentialing 

opportunities, there are several things you can do. 

Some of these are good ideas for all Soldiers:

• In the words of the Chief of Staff of the Army, the 

best credential is often a college degree. When 

you finish your Initial Military Training, talk the 

Career Counselor in your unit and to an Education 

Counselor, they can advise you about continuing 

your education. 

• Remember that you are still learning life skills that 

will be valuable to an employer. Army Veterans 

tend to be reliable, hard-working, goal-oriented, 

“team players” and drug-free. As a future Non-
190 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Commissioned Officer (sergeant), you will learn 

leadership, effective communication, how to train 

others, and how to supervise a job site. 

• Even if your “main job” doesn’t match a civilian 

job, take advantage of any opportunities that come 

your way to learn new skills, for example, 

computer skills and operating and maintaining 

different types of equipment.

• Keep checking! The Army is developing new 

credentialing opportunities. 

Tips and Precautions: One of the reasons that some 

credentials are so valuable is that they are hard to get. If 

you sign up for a credentialing exam, study! 

• If you did your best, don’t be discouraged if you 

don’t pass on the first try. Remember everything 

you learned by studying to take the exam, and 

consider trying again.

• If you choose a credential to work on, be sure that 

the credential is the right one for you. Before you 

spend your money or use up some of your military 

benefits, make sure that the credential is offered 

by a reputable agency and is known and valued by 

employers. 

• Many credentials have re-certification 

requirements or continuing education 

requirements. Know what they are.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 191

• Army COOL, Army Career Tracker, and 

credentialing agency websites contain a wealth of 

information. Talk to your instructors and leaders, 

your unit Career Counselor and education 

counselors. Ask questions! 

A-8. Information Websites for Family Members 

The Army recognizes the important role that spouses 

and Family members play in supporting Soldiers and in 

keeping our Army communities strong. 

Each Army installation has its own website that is full of 

useful information for your Family and can be found by 

searching for the name of the installation on the internet. 

Be sure to look for the official site indicated by the 

ending “army.mil” in the web address. We have provided 

you with a few useful websites to vital information 

sources throughout this Blue Book and additional 

sources are located below. 

It is extremely important to you and the Army that we link 

your Family members with resources to help integrate 

them into the Army lifestyle. 

Use these websites and the others embedded in this 

book as you progress through your career from BCT to 

your first unit of assignment. 
192 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

They will provide a wide variety of information to your 

Family and help them progress with you throughout your 

Army career. 

• Start here with the “Army Family and New Spouse 

Orientation” video. 

http://vimeo.com/9936630

• My Army One-Source answers hundreds of 

Family-related questions.

http://www.myarmyonesource.com

• Army Knowledge On-Line (AKO) will allow you to 

sponsor your spouse with an AKO account similar 

to yours.

https://www.us.army.mil

• Deputy Commanding General for Initial Military 

Training Knowledge Center requires an AKO 

account to log-in and provides information about 

your training and resources available to you and 

your Family. 

https://www.us.army.mil/suite/page/630102

• Civilian Personnel On-line is where your spouse 

can look for and apply for a job with the Army at 

any Army installation and the Army gives spouses 

an employment preference.

https://www.usajobs.gov/
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 193

• Family members new to Army life can find 

answers to their questions regarding Army 

benefits. http://myarmybenefits.us.army.mil

• Contact the Red Cross to notify a Soldier of a 

Family emergency and/or search for your local 

Red Cross representative.www.redcross.org

• The official TRICARE web site is where you and 

your Family members can find information on 

military healthcare coverage.

www.tricare.mil

• Visit the Dental Program online for local dentists in 

your area and information regarding dental care.

www.tricare.mil/dental/TDP.aspx

• Your LES and other pay information can be 

obtained from the official MyPay Homepage. 

https://mypay.dfas.mil/

• Army COOL (Credentialing Opportunities OnLine). https://www.cool.army.mil/

• Army Career Tracker: https://actnow.army.mil/
194 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Appendix B – Soldier’s Notes
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 195
196 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 197
198 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Glossary
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 199

ACE Ask, Care, Escort

ACU Army Combat Uniform

AER Army Emergency Relief

AIT advanced individual training

APFT Army physical fitness test

AR Army Regulation

ARNG Army National Guard

ASU Army Service Uniform

BCAC Beneficiary Counseling and Assistance 

Coordinator

BCT basic combat training

DEERS Defense Enrollment Eligibility Reporting 

System

EO Equal Opportunity

FM Field Manual

FTX Field Training Exercise

ID identification

IET Initial Entry Training

IPFU Improved Physical Fitness Uniform

LDRSHIP Loyalty, Duty, Respect, Selfless Service, 

Honor, Integrity, and Personal Courage

LES leave and earning statement

MOS military occupational specialty

NCO noncommissioned officer

OSUT One Station Unit Training

SARC Sexual Assault Response Coordinator

SGLI Service member’s Group Life Insurance

SHARP Sexual Harassment/Assault Response and 

Prevention 
200 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

STX Situational Training Exercise

TRICARE tri-service medical care

UCMJ Uniform Code of Military Justice

USAR United States Army Reserve

VA victim advocate

WTBDs Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills

Army Definitions

A

Advanced Individual Training - a training course 

where Soldiers learn skills in a specific military 

occupational specialty.

AIT platoon sergeant- a highly educated AIT NonCommissioned Officer who supervises, manages 

Soldiers and trains skills in a specific military 

occupational specialty.

Army Values- values that characterize the Army’s 

professionalism and culture, and describe the ethical 

standards expected of all Soldiers.

Army Emergency Relief- A private nonprofit 

organization incorporated in 1942 by the Secretary of 

War and the Army Chief of Staff.

B
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 201

Base- the element around which a movement is 

planned or regulated.

Basic Combat Training- a training course that 

transforms civilians into Soldiers.

Buddy Team- two Soldiers in the same unit who look 

after each other at all times.

Bugle Call- the musical signal that announces 

scheduled and certain non-scheduled events on an 

Army installation.

C

Cadence- a uniform rhythm or number of steps or 

counts per minute.

Chaplain- a spiritual support officer to every Soldier.

Code of Conduct- guidance on how a Soldier must 

conduct him or herself if captured by the enemy.

Commissioned Officer- an officer who is 

commissioned into the U.S. Army; leaders with the 

authority to command Soldiers.

Conditioning Drill- a strength and mobility activity 

that helps Soldiers improve their functional strength, 

postural alignment, and body mechanics as the 

exercises relate to the quality performance of Warrior 

Tasks and Battle Drills.

D
202 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Distance- the space between elements that are one 

behind the other; the distance between individuals is 

an arm's length, plus 6 inches, or approximately 36 

inches measured from the chest of one Soldier to the 

back of the Soldier immediately to his front.

Double Time- a cadence of 180 counts (steps per 

minute).

Drill Command- an oral order given by a commander 

or leader, usually in two parts; the preparatory command 

states the movement to be carried out and gets you 

ready to execute the order; the command of execution 

tells when the movement is to be carried out.

Drill Sergeant- a highly educated, qualified 

noncommissioned officer and the primary instructor in 

IET who transform civilians into Soldiers.

Duty- to fulfill your obligations.

E

Element- an individual, squad, section, platoon, 

company, or larger unit formed as part of the next higher 

unit.

Equal Opportunity- equal treatment for military 

personnel, and civilian employees without regard to 

race, color, religion, gender, or national origin.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 203

F

File- a column that has a front of one element.

Formal Complaint- an EO complaint in which a 

Soldier, Family member, or DA civilian files in writing and 

swears to the accuracy of the information.

Formation- an arrangement of the unit's elements in a 

prescribed manner such as a line formation in which the 

elements are side-by-side, and column formation in 

which the elements are one behind the other.

Fraternization- personal relationships between officer 

and enlisted personnel regardless of their service; samegender relationships; relationships between permanent 

party members and IET Soldiers; relationships between 

IET Soldiers; violations punishable under UCMJ.

Front- a space from one side to the other side of a 

formation, and includes the right and left elements.

G

General Courts-Martial- a courts-martial that consists 

of a military judge and not less than five panel members 

when required; held for serious offenses.

Guide- the person responsible for maintaining the 

prescribed direction and rate of march.

H

Head- a column's leading element.

Honor- to live up to the Army Values.
204 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

I

Informal Complaint- any EO complaint that a Soldier, 

Family member or DA civilian does not wish to file in 

writing.

Integrity- to do what is right, legally and morally.

Interval- the space between side-by-side elements.

L

Leave and Earnings Statement- a detailed pay 

statement issued at the end of each month to military 

service members, retirees, and DA civilians; statement 

contains nine sections related to military earnings and 

leave.

Loyalty- to bear true faith and allegiance to the U.S. 

Constitution, the Army, your unit, and other Soldiers.

M

Marksmanship Badge- a badge awarded to 

individuals who qualify, because they have 

demonstrated some special proficiency or skill; a badge 

worn to indicate the individual’s prowess with specific 

weapons, pistols, and/or rifles and during specified 

competitions, matches, or practice exercises.

Medal- Commemorative, campaign, and service 

medals are issued to Soldiers who take part in particular 

campaigns or periods of service for which a medal is 

authorized.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 205

Medal of Honor- the highest awarded decoration 

conferred by the military. The medal is awarded for 

conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his or 

her life above and beyond the call of duty while engaged 

in an action against an enemy of the U.S..

Military Time- a time table based on the 24-hour clock 

system.

N

Noncommissioned Officer (NCO) - a senior enlisted 

technical expert, combat leader, mentor, and primary 

advisor to the commander.

O

Oath of Enlistment- the oath Soldiers make to 

officially enlist into the U. S. Army; the oath to support 

and defend the United States of America and the U.S. 

Constitution.

One-Station-Unit-Training (OSUT) - basic combat 

training and advanced individual training combined into 

one course.

P

Personal Courage- to face and overcome fear, 

danger or adversity (physical or moral).

Post- the correct place for an officer or NCO to stand 

in a prescribed formation.

Punitive Separation- when a courts-martial may not 

adjudge an administrative separation from the service.
206 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Purple Heart- a medal awarded to persons serving in 

any capacity as a member of the Armed Forces who are 

killed or wounded (requiring treatment by a medical 

officer) in any action against enemies of the U.S..

Q

Quick Time- a cadence of 120 counts (steps per 

minute).

R

Rank- a line that is only one element in depth.

Respect- to treat people as they should be treated.

Restricted Reporting- A reporting option that allows 

military sexual assault victims to confidentially disclose 

the assault to a SARC, VA, or Health Care Provider and 

receive medical treatment, including emergency care, 

counseling, and assignment of a SARC and VA, without 

triggering an official investigation. The victim’s report 

provided to healthcare SARCs, or VAs will NOT be 

reported to law enforcement or to the command to 

initiate the official investigative process unless the victim 

consents. Only a SARC, SAPR VA, or healthcare 

personnel may receive a Restricted Report. A Victim can 

also speak to a Chaplain without triggering an official 

investigation however; Chaplains cannot initiate a 

restricted report.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 207

 Risk Management- a decision-making process used 

to identify and eliminate or reduce risks associated with 

all hazards that have the potential to injure or kill 

personnel, damage or destroy equipment, or otherwise 

impact mission effectiveness.

S

Sexual Assault Response Coordinator (SARC) -

The SARC is the single point of contact within an 

organization or installation that oversees sexual assault 

awareness, prevention, and response training; 

coordinates medical treatment, including emergency 

care, for victims of sexual assault; and tracks the 

services provided to a victim of sexual assault from the 

initial report through final disposition and resolution. 

The SARC is responsible for ensuring that victims of 

sexual assault receive appropriate and responsive care. 

Upon notification of a sexual assault and after receiving 

consent from the victim, the SARC will assign a VA to 

assist the victim. SARCs supervise VAs, but are 

authorized to perform VA duties if required. 

Selfless Service- to put the welfare of the Nation, the 

Army, and your subordinates before your own.

Service member’s Group Life Insurance (SGLI) -

military life insurance.
208 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

Sexual Assault- a crime defined as intentional sexual 

contact, characterized by use of force, physical threat, or 

abuse of authority or when victim does not or cannot 

consent. “Consent” will not be deemed or construed to 

mean the failure by the victim to offer physical 

resistance. Consent is not given when a person uses 

force, threat of force, or coercion or when the victim is 

asleep, incapacitated, or unconscious.

Sexual Contact- Touching or causing another person 

to touch, either directly or through clothing either 

genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh or buttocks 

with an intent to abuse, humiliate or degrade any person; 

or touching or causing another person to touch any body 

part of that person, either directly or through clothing if 

done with an intent to arouse/gratify sexual desire.

Sexual Harassment- a form of gender discrimination 

that involves unwelcome sexual advances, requests for 

sexual favors, and other verbal, or physical conduct of 

a sexual nature.

Soldier- a highly dedicated, uniformed member of the 

U.S. Army who stands ready to defend the United States 

from its enemies.

Soldierization- an extensive five-phase training 

program in Initial Entry Training.

Special Courts-Martial- a courts-martial that consists 

of a military judge and not less than three panel 

members when required. It is held for relatively serious 

offenses.
TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4 209

Summary Courts-Martial- a courts-martial composed 

of a commissioned officer on active duty with the grade 

of captain or above. The purpose of the summary 

courts-martial is to make thorough and impartial inquiries 

into minor offenses and to make sure that justice is 

done, with the interests of both the government and the 

accused being safeguarded.

T

 Thrift Savings Plan- a Federal Governmentsponsored retirement savings and investment plan.

TRICARE- the Department of Defense's worldwide 

health care program available to eligible beneficiates 

from the uniformed services.

U

Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) - the 

statute that prescribes criminal law for Soldiers.

Unrestricted Reporting- A process that an individual 

uses to disclose, without requesting confidentiality or 

Restricted Reporting, that he or she is the victim of a 

sexual assault. Under these circumstances, the victim’s 

report provided to healthcare personnel, the SARC, a 

SAPR VA, command authorities, or other persons is 

reported to law enforcement and may be used to initiate 

the official investigative process.
210 TRADOC Pamphlet 600-4

V

Victim Advocate (VA) - Provides non-clinical crisis 

intervention, referral, and ongoing non-clinical support to 

victims. Support includes providing information on 

available options and resources to victims. The VA, on 

behalf of the sexual assault victim, provides liaison 

assistance with other organizations and agencies on 

victim care matters and reports directly to the SARC 

when performing victim advocacy duties. VA services 

are available 24 hours per day, 7 days per week. 

W

Warrant Officer- a technical expert, combat leader, 

trainer, and advisor skilled in a specific technical 

specialty.

Warrior Tasks and Battle Drills (WTBDs) - the 

critical skills Soldiers are taught in Initial Entry Training; 

skills Soldiers train on and use throughout their Army 

career.

 
 The United States of America exists because there is a 

United States Army, which is arguably the best land force the 

world has ever seen. The U.S. Army is an institution founded 

on values and a bedrock of trust between it and the American 

people it serves. The U.S. Army Soldier is professional, 

disciplined and reflects the best of our country.

 The title of Soldier is never given, it is earned, and what is 

earned is yours forever. Like the men and women that came 

before you, from the earliest days of the Revolutionary War to 

the Mountains of Afghanistan and the deserts of Iraq, the 

responsibility of defending our nation will be yours. When you 

graduate Basic Training you will have earned the right to be

called Soldier and your name will forever be associated with 

the greatest Army on Earth. 

 There are no ex-Soldiers, only Soldiers. Whether you 

decide to complete one enlistment or make the Army your 

career, upon completion of honorable service you will have 

earned the title of Veteran or Retired Soldier but will always be 

a Soldier for Life. U.S. Army Soldiers, Veterans and Retirees 

are the strength in our communities and the leaders of our 

country; you will be that leader.

Once a Soldier, Always a Soldier...a Soldier for Life!

www.soldierforlife.army.mil