1

Supplemental Information on E-FAST CEM Outputs (Degreaser 

Use)

FIRST IS A DESCRIPTION OF THE ASSUMPTIONS, THEN THE MODEL OUTPUT FOLLOWS

(NOTE THAT FULL CITATIONS FOR ALL REFERENCES CITED CAN BE FOUND IN THE REFERENCE 

SECTION OF THE RISK ASSESSMENT)

Exposure Scenario for Aerosol Solvent Degreaser

1. Description of the product from manufacturer’s product technical data sheet and 

13-Sep-2011 Material Safety Data Sheet (see supplemental document titled 

“Supplemental Product Information for the TSCA Workplan Chemical Risk Assessment of 

TCE (External Review Draft).pdf” for more details):

• Removes oil and grease stains, ink, and fresh paint easily.

• Very effective for cleaning oily and greasy parts while servicing, repairing, or 

replacing them.

• Can be used on metal parts prior to painting or soldering.

• Will not short motors, generators, compressors, condensers, or other electrical 

equipment.

• Removes unwanted ink spots, dirt, grease, oil, fresh paint, and other troublesome 

stains fast. Also effective on tar, adhesive marks, crayon marks, and lipstick.

• Use this product on metal parts prior to painting or soldering, painted surfaces, 

insulation, rubber, and fabrics. Electric motors and generators may be cleaned 

while in use under properly ventilated conditions. Also for use on sewing machines, 

cutting tools, switches, control panels, and thermostats.

2. Assumptions for E-FAST/CEM model runs:

• Start with the E-FAST/CEM default assumptions for Aerosol Paint, and adjust the 

assumptions for frequency of use, exposure duration (chronic), mass of product per 

event, and duration of event to represent automotive hobbyist use of aerosol 

solvent degreaser. Retain other assumptions for “Product Sprayed on Surface –

Constant Rate and Incremental Models”: assume that one percent of the sprayed 

product is aerosolized and is therefore immediately available for uptake by 

inhalation; assume that the remainder of the product contacts the target surface, 

and subsequently volatilizes at a rate that depends upon the chemical’s molecular

weight and vapor pressure. [The aerosolized portion is treated using a constant 

emission rate model. The remaining (non-aerosolized) mass is treated by 

combining a constant application rate with an exponentially declining rate for each 

instantaneously applied segment.]
2

• User is an automotive hobbyist who uses the aerosol solvent degreaser indoors, at 

home, twice a month (24 events per year) to clean automotive parts. The scenario 

does not include uses in the garage, on the driveway, etc.

• Hobbyist uses one can of aerosol solvent degreaser every year. Hobbyist therefore 

uses 20 ounces of aerosol solvent degreaser per year, 20/24 = 0.83 ounces of 

aerosol solvent degreaser per use, 0.83 ounces x 28.349523 g/ounce = 24 g aerosol 

solvent degreaser/use.

• An actual formulation of aerosol solvent degreaser contains >90 percent TCE. For 

E-FAST/CEM, assume a weight fraction of 0.9.

• The hobbyist is an adult who uses the aerosol solvent degreaser for 57 years as an 

adult (ages 21 to 78) or the hobbyist is a teenager or young adult who uses the 

aerosol solvent degreaser for 5 years (ages 16 to 20).

• Non-user residents of the home can be of any age.

• The E-FAST/CEM runs estimate the active exposure of the user (hobbyist) and the 

passive exposure of non-users living in a home where the aerosol solvent degreaser 

is used. Age groups are: less than age 1; ages 1 to 2; ages 3 to 5; ages 6 to 10; ages 

11 to 15; ages 16 to 20; and ages 21 to 78.

• E-FAST/CEM scenarios for children do not permit them to be present in the room of 

use during product use. Estimated exposures therefore represent their passive 

exposures while they are elsewhere in the home.

• Duration of event is one hour.

• Molecular weight of TCE is 131.39.

• Vapor pressure of TCE is 73.46 torr at 25 °C.

-------------------------------------------------------------------
3

E-FAST/CEM Input and Output Summaries

for Aerosol Solvent Degreaser

CEM Inputs ID Number: 1 degreaser user 21-78

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 21-78

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction -

Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

57

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.74 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.611 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 80

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 5 5 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
4

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 1 degreaser user 21-78

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 21-78

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 57 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 1.37e-01 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 6.66e-01 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 2.85e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 2.59e+02 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kgday)LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure 

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
5

CEM Inputs ID Number: 2 degreaser non-user 21-78

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 21-78

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

57

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.611 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.611 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 80

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
6

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 2 degreaser non-user 21-78

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 21-78

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 57 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 3.92e-02 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 2.13e-01 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 8.16e-01 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+01 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure 

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
7

CEM Inputs ID Number: 3 degreaser user 16-20

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 16-20

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

5

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.72 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.679 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 71.6

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
8

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 3 degreaser user 16-20

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 16-20

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 5 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 1.18e-02 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 5.00e-02 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 2.81e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 2.59e+02 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure 

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
9

CEM Inputs ID Number: 4 degreaser non-user 16-20

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 16-20

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

5

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.679 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.679 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 71.6

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
10

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 4 degreaser non-user 16-20

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 16-20

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 5 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 4.27e-03 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 1.87e-02 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 1.01e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+01 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure 

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
11

CEM Inputs ID Number: 5 degreaser non-user 11-15

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 11-15

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

5

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.633 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.633 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 56.8

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

 0 Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
12

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 5 degreaser non-user 11-15

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 11-15

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 5 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 5.01e-03 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 1.87e-02 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 1.19e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+01 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure 

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
13

CEM Inputs ID Number: 6 degreaser non-user 6-10

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 6-10

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

5

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.5 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.5 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 31.8

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
14

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 6 degreaser non-user 6-10

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 6-10

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 5 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 7.07e-03 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 1.87e-02 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 1.68e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+01 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure 

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
15

CEM Inputs ID Number: 7 degreaser non-user 3-5

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 3-5

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

3

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.421 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.421 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 18.6

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
16

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 7 degreaser non-user 3-5

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 3-5

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 3 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 6.11e-03 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 1.12e-02 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 2.42e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+01 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
17

CEM Inputs ID Number: 8 degreaser non-user 1-2

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 1-2

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

2

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.35 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.35 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 12.6

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
18

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 8 degreaser non-user 1-2

Scenario: User Defined Population: ages 1-2

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 2 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 5.00e-03 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 7.50e-03 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 2.97e+00 1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+01 NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
19

CEM Inputs ID Number: 9 degreaser non-user <1

Product: aerosol solvent degreaser Chemical Name: TCE

Scenario: User Defined Population: age <1

Molecular Weight (g/mole): 131.4 Vapor Pressure (torr): 73.46

Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- Central Tendency (unitless):

0.9 Consumer Product Weight Fraction 

- High-End (unitless):

0.9

Inhalation Inputs

Frequency of Use (chronic) 

(events/yr):

24 Exposure Duration (chronic) 

(years):

1

Frequency of Use (acute) 

(events/day):

1 Exposure Duration (acute) (days): 1

Mass of Product Used per Event -

Central Tendency (g):

24 Mass of Product Used per Event -

High-End (g):

24

Inhalation Rate During Use (m3/hr): 0.23 Duration of Event - Central 

Tendency (hours/event):

1

Inhalation Rate After Use (m3/hr): 0.23 Duration of Event - High-End 

(hours/event):

1

Zone 1 Volume (m3): 20 Whole House Volume (m3): 369

Air Exchange Rate (air 

exchanges/hr):

0.45 Body Weight (kg): 7.8

Portion of Aerosol in Air (unitless): 0.01

Activity Patterns

User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Non-User: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 2 4 4 2 4 7 7 4 2 2 7 4 4 4 1 

Hour: 0 6 12 18

Start Time: 9 Room of Use: 5. Utility Room

Dermal Inputs

There are no Dermal inputs for this scenario.

Averaging Time (chronic) (days): 2.85e+

04

Averaging time (acute) (days) : 1

Activity Patterns: 1 Bedroom; 2 Kitchen; 3 Bathroom; 4 Living Room; 5 Utility Room; 6 Car; 7 Out (outside the 

house)
20

CEM Inhalation Exposure Estimates

ID Number: 9 degreaser non-user <1

Scenario: User Defined Population: age <1

Exposure Duration (years) chronic: 1 Exposure Duration (days) acute: 1

Exposure Units Result AT (days)

Chronic Cancer

 LADDpot (mg/kg-day) 2.65e-03 2.85e+04

 LADCpot (mg/m3) 3.75e-03 2.85e+04

Acute

 ADRpot (mg/kg-day) 3.15e+0

0

1

 Cppot (mg/m3) 3.84e+0

1

NA

LADD - Lifetime Average Daily Dose (mg/kg-day) LADC - Lifetime Average Daily Concentration 

(mg/m3

)

ADR - Acute Dose Rate (mg/kg-day) Cp - Peak Concentration (mg/m3)

Note: 78 years = 2.85e+04 days; pot - potential dose

Note: The potential peak concentration (Cppot) is defined as the highest instantaneous air concentration that is 

calculated by the model during any 10-second time step, and should not be interpreted as a daily maximum 

concentration.

Note: The general Agency guidance for assessing short-term, infrequent events (for most chemicals, an exposure

of less than 24 hours that occurs no more frequently than monthly) is to treat such events as independent, acute 

exposures rather than as chronic exposure (US EPA, 1998a). 
21

Exposure Parameter Values Used in E-FAST/CEM for TCE Modeling.

Exposure 

Parameter Population Exposure Type

Default 

Value Source Comment

Body 

Weight

(BW)

Adult

(≥21 years)

All 80.0 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-3 (page 8-12): Average of mean 

body weights for all adults (≥21 years), 

male and female combined. Based on US 

EPA analysis of NHANES 1999-2006 data. 

Youth

(16-20 

years)

All 71.6 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-1 (page 8-2): Mean body weight 

for age class 16-<21 years. See Table 8-3 

(page 8-12) for sample sizes. Based on US 

EPA analysis of NHANES 1999-2006 data.

Youth

(11-15 

years)

All 56.8 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-1 (page 8-2): Mean body weight 

for age class 11-<16 years. See Table 8-3 

(page 8-12) for sample sizes. Based on US 

EPA analysis of NHANES 1999-2006 data.

Child

(6-10 

years)

All 31.8 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-1 (page 8-2): Mean body weight 

for age class 6-<11 years. See Table 8-3 

(page 8-12) for sample sizes. Based on US 

EPA analysis of NHANES 1999-2006 data.

Small child

(3-5 years)

All 18.6 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-1 (page 8-2): Mean body weight 

for age class 3-<6 years. See Table 8-3 

(page 8-12) for sample sizes. Based on US 

EPA analysis of NHANES 1999-2006 data.

Infant

(1-2 years)

All 12.6 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-1 (page 8-2): Average of mean 

body weights for age classes 1-<2 and 2-

<3 years. See Table 8-3 (page 8-12) for 

sample sizes. Based on US EPA analysis of 

NHANES 1999-2006 data.

Infant

(<1 year)

All 7.8 kg US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 8-1 (page 8-2): Weighted average of 

mean body weights for age classes 0-<1, 1-

<3, 3-<6, and 6-<12 months. See Table 8-3 

(page 8-12) for sample sizes. Based on US 

EPA analysis of NHANES 1999-2006 data.
22

Exposure Parameter Values Used in E-FAST/CEM for TCE Modeling.

Exposure 

Parameter Population Exposure 

Type

Default 

Value Source Comment

Inhalation 

Rate

(InhR)

Adult

(≥21 years)

Chronic 14.7 m3

/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures, 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Average of 

mean long-term exposure values 

for inhalation (males and females 

combined) for age classes 21-<31, 

31-<41, 41-<51, 51-<61, 61-<71,

and 71-<81years.

Adult

(≥21 years)

Acute 0.74 

m3

/hour

US EPA 

(2011d)

For consumer exposures, Table 6-2 

(page 6-4): Average of mean shortterm exposure values for inhalation 

during light activity (males and 

females combined) for the age 

classes 21-<31, 31-<41, 41-<51, 51-

<61, 61-<71, and 71-<81 years. For 

consumer scenarios: 0.74 m3

/hour 

during product use (based on shortterm exposure at light activity level;

Table 6-2, page 6-4) and

0.611 m3

/hour after product use.

Youth

(16-

20 years)

Acute 16.3 m3

/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures, 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Mean longterm exposure value for inhalation 

(males and females combined) for 

age class 16-<21 years. Children are 

typically considered to be nonusers, however, for consumer 

exposures: 0.72 m3

/hour during 

product use (based on short-term 

exposure at light activity level;

Table 6-2, page 6-4) and 0.679 

m3

/hour after product use.

Youth

(11-

15 years)

Acute 15.2 m3

/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures: 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Mean longterm exposure value for inhalation 

(males and females combined) for 

age class 11-<16 years. Children are 

considered to be non-users: 

0.633 m3

/hour before and after 

product use.
23

Exposure Parameter Values Used in E-FAST/CEM for TCE Modeling.

Exposure 

Parameter Population Exposure 

Type

Default 

Value Source Comment

Child

(6-10 

years)

Acute 12.0 m3

/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures: 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Mean longterm exposure value for inhalation 

(males and females combined) for 

age class 6-<11 years. Children are 

considered to be non-users: 

0.500 m3

/hour before and after 

product use.

Small child

(3-5 years)

Acute 10.1 m3/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures: 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Mean longterm exposure value for inhalation 

(males and females combined) for 

age class 3-<6 years. Children are 

considered to be non-users: 

0.421 m3

/hour before and after 

product use.

Infant

(1-2 years)

Acute 8.5 m3/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures: 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Average of 

mean long-term exposure values 

for inhalation (males and females 

combined) for age classes 1-<2 and 

2-<3 years. Children are considered 

to be non-users: 0.35 m3/hour 

before and after product use.

Infant

(<1 year)

Acute 5.4 m3/day US EPA 

(2011d)

For general population exposures: 

Table 6-1 (page 6-3): Mean longterm exposure values for inhalation 

(males and females combined) for 

the age class birth to <1 year. 

Children are considered to be nonusers: 0.23 m3

/hour before and 

after product use.

Exposure 

Duration (ED)

Adult

(≥21 years)

Chronic 57 years US EPA 

(2011d)

Adult lifetime exposure duration, 

based on life expectancy of 78 years 

(Table 18-1). Exposure from 21 to 

78 years of age. Previously, 

18 years was used as the initiation 

of this duration. For consumer 

exposures.

Adult

(≥21 years)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.
24

Exposure Parameter Values Used in E-FAST/CEM for TCE Modeling.

Exposure 

Parameter Population Exposure 

Type

Default 

Value Source Comment

Youth

(16-

20 years)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.

Youth

(11-

15 years)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.

Child

(6-

10 years)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.

Small child

(3-5 years)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.

Infant

(1-2 years)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.

Infant

(<1 year)

Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.

Carcinogenic 

Averaging 

Time (AT)

Adult

(≥21 years)

Chronic 78 years US EPA 

(2011d)

Table 18-1 (page 18-1): Average of 

male and female life expectancy. 

This recommended value is 

reflective of the average life 

expectancy of the general 

population. Data were collected in 

2007 and published in 2010 (Xu et 

al., 2010)

Acute 

Averaging 

Time (AT)

All Acute 1 day _ Assumed 1-day exposure for acute 

scenarios.