P.1 

OAR Box 1830 

Prepped by Ollie Stewart 

Document Number: 

202) IV-C-169 

Docket Number: 

A-87-11 

Printed 11/13/2008 7:21:02 AM Sheet 202 of 232 
rf-*o Sr«, 

USB. 

^ - ^ f 

P.2 

UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY """TWT 1 ^ /) Q 

AWM ADB>—>C3 lliculflk l min e —' *** ' ^""' ' vi / I ANN ARBOR. MICHIGA N 48105 

OFFICE OF 

AIR AND RADIATION 

JUN 2 0 1989 

Dr. J.J. Liu 

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 

400 7th Street, SW 

Washington, DC 20590 

Dear Dr. Liu: 

PJJJIXI 

I AUG-I 1991 jpj i 

=- 4 -«__ j 

EPAAIRDOC&cT 

New copies of the tables you requested from EPA's onboard 

refueling briefing in Ann Arbor are enclosed. Please note that 

Table 2 has been updated due to minor errors found in the 

table. After reviewing the data we recorded, we saw minor 

errors in some of the entries in Table 2 and noted that not all 

tests had been included. Due to the short time frame between 

vehicle testing and the briefing, we did not have access to all 

the individual data sheets. In order to tabulate the data for 

the briefing, we used approximations for some of the entries of 

Table 2. As you will note when examining the updated version, 

all the changes were minor. There are no changes in Table 1 or 

Table 3, but new copies are enclosed as you requested. If you 

have any more questions, feel free to call me at (313) 668-4496. 

Sincerely, 

I ' {Y~*^#-^*-^-~--~^-

John F/^Anderson, Senior Project Manager 

Standards Development and Support Branch 

Enclosure 

7212W 
Table 1 

Evaporative. Tailpipe and Refueling Data Summary - 1988 Taurus Test Vehicle 

Vehicle Test 

Configuration Procedure 

Tailpipe Emissions Evaporative Emissions 

Iotal Refueling 

Evap. Emission*; 

HC CO NOx 60-84°F 

(g/mile) (g/mile) (g/mile) (g) 

Hot Soak #1,72-96°F 02,72°-96°F 

(g) (g) (g) (g/gal) MPG 

Stock 1988 Model Year Cert. 0.19 1.88 0.71 0.12(Diurnal) 0.22 0.34 21.47 

Stock 

Stock 

Two prod, 

cansiters 

in series 

3.0L Can 

1/8" PL*" 

(Simulated 

Refueling) 

3.5L Can. 

1/4" PL** 

(Simulated 

Refueling) 

3.5L Can. 

3/8" PL"" 

(Simulated 

Refueling) 

Supplemental NPRM 0.20 

(No cap removed) 

Supplemental NPRM 0.23 

2.11 

2.64 

0.76 

0.74 

0.18 

0.14 

0.18 

0.40 

(0.25V 

0.16 

0.17 

2.68 2.45 

(Diurnal) 

8.27 8.67 

(Oiurnal) 

With 3.0L Supplemental NPRM 0.20 2.28 0.76 0.48 

With 3.0L Supplemental NPRM 0.20 2.16 0.70 0.39 

0.96 0.43 

(0.69)* 

0.72 0.38 

(0.40)* 

0.49 1-45 

(Diurnal) 

0.36 1.08 

(Oiurnal) 

Supplemental NPRM 0.23 2.30 0.71 0.29 0.87 0.39 

(0.70)* 

Supplemental NPRM 0.20 2.08 0.57 0.25(Diurnal) 0.62 

(0.33)' 

3.5L Can. Supplemental NPRM 0.18 1.65 0.77 0.49(Diurnal) 0.81 

1/4" PL** (0.33)* 

(Simulated 

Refueling) 

Supplemental NPRM 0.18 1.56 0.78 0.62(Diurnal) 0.74 

(0.38)' 

Supplemental NPRM 0.19 1.74 0.72 0.34(Diurnal) 1.29 

(0.98)' 

* Values in parentheses are approximate cap removal contribution to total. ND = Not Detectable. 

** Purge Line (PL), interior diameter 

0.21 1.08 

(Oiurnal) 

20.77 

20.92 

21.05 

21.01 

21.20 

0.87 0.22 21.32 

1.30 0.03 21.21 

1.36 0.10 21.32 

1.63 0.07 20.90 
Evaporative. Tailpipe and Refuelin Iingg 'Bala Data - Summary - 1988 Taurus Test Vehicle 

Vehicle Test 

Configuration Procedure 

Tailpipe Emissions Evaporative Emissions 

Total Refueling 

Evap. Emissions 

HC CO NOx 60-84°F 

(g/mile) (g/mile) (g/mile) (g) 

Hot Soak #1,72-96°F #2,72°-960F 

(g) (g) (g) (g/gal) MPG 

Integrated 

System""'" 

(3.5 L Can.) 

Integrated 

System 

(3.5 L Can.) 

Integrated 

System 

(3.5 L Can.) 

Integrated 

System 

(3.5 L Can.) 

Supplemental NPRM 

Supplemental NPRM 

0.19 1.80 0.72 0.27 0.34 

(ND)« 

0.17 1.66 0.65 0.30 0.35 

(ND)« 

0.61 0.04 

0.65 0.02 

20.70 

20.91 

Supplemental NPRM 

Suplemental NPRM 

0.20 2.10 0.71 0.36 0.25 

(0.04)-

0.18 1.72 0.76 0.34 0.38 

(0.02)' 

0.61 0.07***" 21.17 

0.72 0.07 21.25 

"** Canister not disconnected prior to fueling for heat build. 

"** 4gpm refueling rate 
Table 2 

In House Testing of Current Refueling Systems 

Vehicle _Dai£_ 

Flowrate 

(GPM) 

Fuel Temp. 

(°F) 

RVP 

(psi) Comments 

1988 

Onboard 

Vehicle 

(Ford Taurus) 

4/14/89 

4/13/89 

3/17/89 

3/16/89 

15 

15 

15 

15 

98.4°F 

89.2°F 

10.8 

11.2 

-Premature shut off @ 1.75 gal. 

-Normal fill 

4/13/89 

3/22/89 

15 

15 

85°F 

76°F 

11.5 

13.8 

-Normal Fill. 

-Normal fill. 

60°F 13.5 -Normal fill 

62°F 14.3 -Normal f ill , 

3/22/89 12 76° 13.8 -Normal fill. 

3/22/89 10 76°F 13.8 -Normal fill 

1988 

Ford 

Taurus 

(Stock) 

4/14/89 

4/13/89 

4/13/89 

3/22/89 

15 

15 

15 

15 

98.4°F 10.8 -2 drop spitback @ 2nd shutoff. 

89.1°F 11.2 -2 tablespoon spitback at 2nd shut-off. 

85°F 

76°F 

11.5 

13-8 

-1/8 cup spitback at 2nd shut-off. 

-Few drops flew out during fueling. 

-1 teaspoon spitback at first shut-off. 

3/22/89 

3/22/89 

12 • 

10 

76°F 

76°F 

13.8 

13.8 

-Normal fill. 

-Normal fill. 

1987 

Plymouth 

Relient 

4/14/89 

4/13/89 

4/13/89 

15 

15 

15 

92.9°F 10.8 -3 to 4 teaspoon spitback @ 2nd shutoff. 

-1/8 cup spitback at 3rd shut-off. 

89-90°F 11.2 -Teaspoon spitback at 2nd shut-off. 

-1/8 cup spitback at 3rd shut-off. 

85°F 11.5 -3 teaspoon spitback at 2nd shut-off. 

-1/8 cup spitback at 3rd shut-off. 
Table 2 continued 

In House Testin g of Current Refueling Systems 

Vehicle Date 

Flowrate Fuel Temp. RVP 

(GPM) LID (psi) Coim-nents 

1989 

Buick 

Century 

4/13/89 15 89-90°F 11.2 -Premature shut-off s unti l nozzle pulle d 

out about an inch . 

-Sligh t sprayin g of fue l during fill , 

-larg e spitback s at al l 3 shut-offs . 

1987 

Buick 

Century 

3/22/89 

3/22/89 

3/22/89 

15 

12 

10 

75*>F 

75°F 

75°F 

13.8 -Premature shut-off s every tenth of a 

gallo n fo r firs t 6 gallon . Pulled nozzle 

out slightl y t o fill . 

-1/ 8 cup spitback s a t las t three shut-offs . 

13.8 -Premature shut-off s every hal f gallon . 

-No spitback . 

13.8 -Normal Fil l 

1987 

Chevrolet 

Nova 

3/22/89 

3/22/89 

3/22/89 

15 

12 

10 

74--F 

74°F 

73°F 

13.8 -Premature shut-off s a t every hal f gallon . 

-No spitback . 

13.8 -Premature shut-off s at every hal f gallon . 

-No spitback . 

13.8 -Normal fill . 

1988 

Chevrolet 

1500 Pick up 

3/22/89 

3/22/89 

15 

12 

74°F 

75° 

13.8 

13.8 

-Premature shut-offs every half gallon. 

-No spitback. 

-Normal fill. 

7047W 
Table 3 

VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Dispensing Dispensed 

Rate Fuel RVP 

(gpm) Temp. (°F) (psi) Nozzle 

Initia l Initial / Volume 

Ambient Fuel in Final Tank Dispensed 

Temp, CF ) Tank (gal) TefflR, CF ) (gal) Observations 

4/12/89 Amoco 10.2 46.6 

(Zeeb & 194) (Onboard) 

11.9 

10.1 46.6 11.9 

(Stock Taurus 

- 1988) 

10.2 46.6 11.9 

(Stock Buick 

(Century -

1989) 

Husky 

1 + X 

Husky 

1 + X 

Husky 

1 + X 

40.5 

40.5 

40.5 

Under 1/8 

tank 

__/__ 13.54 No fueling problems. 

Under 1/8 

tank 

12.33 No fueling problems. 

Under 1/8 

tank 

-/— 14.07 1/8 cup spill @ 2nd nozzle 

shut-off. 3rd shut-off 

not performed. 

10.2 46.6 

(Stock Reliant 

K - 1987) 

11.9 Husky 

1 + X 

40.5 Under 1/8 

tank 

-/— 9.87 10 drop spit @ 2nd nozzle 

shut-off. 

4/13/89 Amoco 10.3 

(Zeeb & 194) (Onboard) 

45.8 11.4 Husky 

1 + X 

46.9 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

—/- 11.66 No fueling problems. 

10.2 45.8 

(Stock Taurus 

- 1988) 

11.4 Husky 

1 + X 

46.9 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

— / - 10.43 No fueling problems. 

10.3 45.8 

(Stock Buick 

Century -

1989) 

10.2 45.8 

(Stock Plymouth 

Reliant K -

1987) 

11.4 

11.4 

Husky 

1 + X 

Husky 

1 + X 

46.9 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

13.25 2 drop spit @ 1st nozzle 

shut-off. 1/8 cup spill @ 

2nd nozzle shut-off. 3rd 

nozzle shut-off, clean. 

46.9 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

10.22 3 to 4 teaspoon spill @ 

2nd nozzle shut-off. 15 

drop spit @ 3rd nozzle 

shut-off. 

-1-
VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Dispensing Dispensed 

Rate Fuel RVP 

' (gpm) Temp. (°F) (psi) No**le 

Initial Initial/ Volume 

Ambient Fuel in Final Tank Dispensed 

Temp- CF ) Tank (gal) Temp, CF) (gal) Observations 

4/11/89 Amoco 11.9 

(Jackson (Onboard) 

& Stadium) 

45.5 11.5 OPW 36.2 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

51/41.5 12.44 No fueling problems. 

11.9 45.5 

(Stock Pontiac 

6000 - 1989) 

11.5 OPW 36.2 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

— / - 11.72 Two immediate premature 

nozzle shut-offs. 1/2 cup 

spill @ 3rd nozzle 

shut-off. 

4/11/89 Amoco 10.4 

(Zeeb & 194) (Onboard) 

47.8 11.8 Hushy 

1 • X 

45.1 1/8 to 1/4 53.5/43.5 11.62 Prmature nozzle shut-off 

tank g 7.8 gal. 

10.4 47.8 

(Stock Ford 

Crown Victoria 

-1987) 

11.8 Husky 

1 + X 

45.1 1/4 to 3/8 

tank 

-/— 11.68 One immediate shut-off 

with nozzle fully 

inserted. No fueling 

problems with nozzle 

withdrawn 1/4 inch 

through three nozzle 

shut-offs. 

-2-

L 
VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Dispensing 

Rate 

(gpm) 

Di spensed 

Fuel 

Temp. (°F) 

RVP 

(psi) Nozzle 

Initial Initial/ Volume 

Ambient Fuel in Final Tank Dispensed 

Temp, CF ) Tank (gal) Temp- l0f) (gal) Observations 

4/10/89 Sunoco 10.8 

(Carpenter & (Onboard) 

Michigan Ave) 

46.5 12.8 OPW 

11A 

40.5 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

44.5/44.5 12.0 No fueling problems. 

10.8 46.5 

(Stock Pontiac 

6000 - 1989) 

12.8 OPW 

1 IA 

40.5 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

12.7 Two immediate premature 

shut-offs with nozzle 

fully inserted. 

Premature shut-off @ 4.1 

gal with nozzle withdrawn 

1/4 inch. 1/8 cup spill 

@ 3rd nozzle shut-off. 

10.8 46.5 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989. 

Fuel tank drain 

in place.) 

12.8 OPW 

1 IA 

40.5 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

10.9 One immediate nozzle 

shut-off. Nozzle 

withdrawn 1/4 inch. 10 

drop spill P 1st nozzle 

shut-off. 1/4 cup spill 

@ 2nd nozzle shut-off. 

3rd shut-off not 

performed. 
VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Dispensing Dispensed 

Rate Fuel RVP 

(gpm) Temp. (°F) (psi) Nozzle 

Ambient 

Temp- CF ) 

Initial 

Fuel in 

Tank (gal) 

Initial/ 

Final Tank 

Temp, CF ) 

Volume 

Dispensed 

Uill Observations 

4/7/89 Amoco 10.1 

(Zeeb & 194) (Stock Buick 

Century - 1989. 

Fuel tank drain 

in place) 

Husky 

1 * X 

41 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

11.6 5 to 6 teaspoon spill @ 

1st nozzle shut-off. 2nd 

and 3rd shut-offs not 

performed. 

9.8 

(Onboard) 

48.9 

9.6 48.9 

(Stock Chrysler 

mini-van - 1988) 

Husky 

1 + X 

Husky 

1 + X 

48.2 66.5/52.5 10.25 No fueling problems. 

48.2 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

-/— 11.95 5 to 10 drop spit back @ 

1st nozzle shut-off. 2nd 

and 3rd shut-offs not 

performed. 

9.6 48.9 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989. 

Fuel tank 

drain removed) 

Husky 

1 + X 

48.2 1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

._/_. 10.7 Two immediate premature 

nozzle shut-offs with 

nozzle fully insterted. 

No fueling problems with 

nozzle retracted 1/4 

inch, through three 

nozzle shut-offs. 

4/10/89 Standard 

(Washtenaw 

& Owendale) 

11.6 

(Onboard) 

41.3 

11.6 41.3 

(Stock Chrysler 

mini-van - 1988) 

11.6 41.3 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989. 

Fuel tank drain 

in place. 

12.0 Emco 

Wheaton 

A2001 

30.8 

12.0 

12.0 

Emco 

Wheaton 

A2001 

30.8 

Emco 

Wheaton 

A2001 

30.8 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

53/-

__/__ 

11.2 Premature nozzle shut-offs 

@ 2.4 and 3.6 gallons. 

20 drop spill @ 1st 

nozzle shut-off. 

13.26 Premature nozzle shut-off 

@ 4.4 gal. 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

14.26 1/4 cup spill @ 1st nozzle 

shut-off. 2nd and 3rd 

shut-offs not performed. 

-4-
VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Dispensing 

Rate 

(gpm) 

Oi spensed 

Fuel 

Temp. (°F) 

RVP 

(psi) Nozale 

Ambient 

Temp. CFI 

Initial 

Fuel in 

Tank (gal) 

Initial/ 

Final Tank 

Temp. (°F) 

Vol ume 

Di spensed 

(gal) Observations 

4/6/89 .Amoco 10.7 

(Zeeb & 194) (Onboard) 

49.4 

10.3 49.4 

(Stock Chrysler 

mini-van - 1988) 

10.6 49.4 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989) 

11.8/11.8 Husky 

1 + X 

11.8/11.8 Husky 

1 + X 

11.8/11.8 Husky 

1 + X 

45 

45 

45 

4.0 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

-/— 

-/— 

10.35 Premature nozzle shut-off 

@ 1.26 gal. 

10.95 No fueling problems. 

12.58 1/4 cup spill @ second 

nozzle shut-off. 

4/6/89 Mobil 10.4 

(Zeeb & 194) (Onboard) 

48.2 

10.4 48.2 

(Stock Chrysler 

mini-van - 1988) 

10.4 48.2 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989) 

13.1 

13.1 

No Name 52.6 

No Name 

13.1 No Name 

52.6 

52.6 

4.0 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

1/8 to 1/4 

tank 

63/53.5 

— / -

._ /_-

10.0 No fueling problems. 

10.65 Five immediate premature 

nozzle shut-offs with 

nozzle fully inserted. 

No fueling problems when 

nozzle retracted by 1/4 

inch. 

11.2 1/2 cup spill at 1st 

nozzle shut-off. 2nd and 

3rd shut-offs not 

performed. 

-5-
VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Di spensing 

Rate 

(9P"l) 

Di spensed 

Fuel 

Temp. CF) 

RVP 

(psi) Ne**le 

Initial Initial/ Volume 

Ambient Fuel in Final Tank Dispensed 

Temp, CF) Tank (gal) Temp- CF) (gal) Observations 

3/30/89 Sunoco 11.6 

(Carpenter & (Onboard) 

Michigan Ave.) 

47 13. 1 OPW 

1 IA 

48.2 3.0 59.5/50. 5 11.76 No fuelin g problems 

through 3 nozzle 

shut-offs . 

11.6 47 

(Stock laurus 

- 1988) 

47 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989) 

13.1 

13.1 

OPW 

1 IA 

OPW 

1 IA 

48.2 

48.2 

4.0 

3.0 

12.82 3 drop spill @ 2nd nozzle 

shut-off. 2 teaspoon 

spill @ 3rd nozzle 

shut-off. 

11.92 Would not fuel at highest 

and middle nozzle flow 

rate settings. 2nd and 

3rd nozzle shut-offs at 

highest nozzle settings 

not performed. 

3/31/89 Standard 

(Washtenaw 

& Owendale) 

11.9 

(Onboard) 

43.3 

11.9 43.3 

(Stock Taurus 

- 1988) 

11.9 43.3 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989) 

12.0 Emco 

Wheaton 

A2001 

35.5 

12.0 

12.0 

Emco 

Wheaton 

A2001 

Emco 

Wheaton 

A2001 

35.5 

35.5 

3.0 

4.0 

43/49 

3.0 

10.68 Premature nozzle shut-off 

@ 6.9 gallons. 

12.53 No fueling problems. 

12.43 1/2 pint spil l @ firs t 

nozzle shut-off. 2nd & 

3rd shut-offs not 

performed. 

- 6 -
VEHICLE: 

TEST PROCEDURE: 

1988 Taurus (Onboard) and Stock Vehicles as Identified 

Refueling at Commercial Fuel Stations 

Pate Station 

Dispensing Dispensed 

Rate Fuel RVP 

(gpm) Temp, CF ) (psi) Nozzle 

Ambient 

Temp. CF ) 

Initial 

Fuel in 

Tank (gal) 

Initial / 

Final Tank 

Temp, CF) 

Volume 

Dispensed 

(gal) Observations 

3/28/89 Amoco 11.2 

(Plymouth Rd.)(Onboard) 

52.5 12.0/— Emco 

Wheaton 

63.4 3.0 64/54.4 10.75 No fueling problems. 

(11.9 stock 52.5 

vehicle -

1988 laurus) 

12.0/— Emco 

Wheaton 

63.4 3.0 64/54.4 10.75 Two drop spit from stock 

vehicle @ 2nd nozzle 

shut-off. 

3/28/89 Shell 11.0 50.4 

(Plymouth Rd.)(Onboard) 

13.1/13.0 OPW 69.6 3.0 68/53.5 12.0 No fueling problems. 

11.0 50.4 

(Stock Taurus) 

13.1/13.0 OPW 69.6 3.0 68/53.5 12.0 No fueling problems. 

3/28/89 Shel1 

(Stadium & 

Maple) 

7.2 

(Onboard) 

(9.1 stock 

vehicle -

1988 laurus) 

50.2 

50.2 

12.6/— 66.1 3.0 74/56 13.0 

12.6/- 66.1 3.0 74/56 13.0 

No fueling problems. 

No fueling problems. 

3/30/89 Amoco 11.4 54 

(Plymouth Rd.)(Onboard) 

Emco 

Wheaton 

39.7 3.0 53/48 11.76 3 drop spil l @ 3rd nozzle 

shut-off. 

11.2 54 

(Stock Taurus 

- 1988) 

11.3 54 

(Stock Buick 

Century - 1989) 

Emco 

Wheaton 

39.7 

Emco 39.7 

Wheaton 

4.0 

3.0 

10.33 No fueling problems 

through 3 nozzle 

shut-offs. 

14.00 4 to 5 teaspoon spill @ 

1st nozzle shut-off. 1/4 

pint spill @ 2nd nozzle. 

No 3rd shut-off performed.