MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET FOR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PURPOSES 

ONLY

Naphtha (lignocellulosic), hydrotreated, C5-12-branched, cyclic and linear

Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification

Chemical Name: Hydrotreated Naphtha

Synonyms: Hydrotreated Bio-oil Derived Naphtha

Formula: Mixture

Manufacturer: KiOR, Inc.

13001 Bay Park Road

Pasadena, TX 77507

(281) 694-8700

Emergency: (281) 694-8700

(281) 217-3866

Section 2: Composition/Information on Ingredients

Component Chemical Name CAS Number  ̃Concentration (Wt%)

This material is a variable complex of chemical materials with multiple hydrocarbon 

constituents (branched, cyclic and linear in the C5-C12 range).

Hydrotreated Naphtha 1267611-35-7 100%

N-hexane 110-54-3 <1%

Xylene 1330-20-7 <5%

Toluene 108-88-3 <20%

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 <20%

Pentane 109-66-0 <20%

Heptane [and isomers] 142-82-5 <15%

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 <7%

Benzene 71-43-2 <5%

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 <3%

Sulfur 7704-34-9 <0.1%
Section 3: Hazards Identification

Potential Acute Health Hazards: High vapor concentrations are irritating to the eyes and 

respiratory tract and may be a central nervous system 

(CNS) depressant (headaches, dizziness and anesthetic 

effects). In addition, brief contact with liquid may result in 

a minor irritation. This material may also cause irritation 

of the eyes upon contact with the liquid.

Potential Chronic Health Hazards: Repeated skin exposure can lead to de-oiling of the skin. 

This can cause dermatitis. Skin absorption is also possible. 

Continual skin absorption may result in internal organ 

damage (blood, CNS, kidneys, lungs). 

Section 4: First Aid Measures

Eye Contact: Should eye contact occur, immediately flush eyes with large amounts of water 

(preferably in an eye wash facility). Flush eyes for at least 15 minutes. A 

medical evaluation should be obtained as soon as possible. In severe cases, 

permanent eye damage may result.

Skin Contact: Should skin contact occur, flush the skin with large amounts of water 

(preferably in a safety shower facility) for at least 15 minutes. Any 

contaminated clothing should be removed. A local evaluation of the exposed 

individual should be made by a trained person. If deemed necessary, medical 

attention should be obtained.

Inhalation: If inhalation of the vapors of this material occurs, the exposed individual must 

be removed from the area of the exposure. If the victim is not breathing, give 

artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If the victim is 

having difficulty breathing, get the victim to medical attention immediately.

Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting! Get medical attention immediately! Ingestion of 

large amounts may have systemic effects.

Section 5: Fire Fighting Measures

Flammability: Flammable. Keep away from ignition sources and take precautions to prevent 

a static discharge. This material may present a static accumulating liquid 

hazard. Vapors may travel along the ground for some distance or be moved 

by ventilation and ignited by ignition sources at locations distant from the 

location of the material handling. Flash-backs can occur at any point along 

the vapor trail!

Flash Point: <58°C 

Auto-ignition Temperature: Not available.
Flammable Limits in Air: LFL = 1.0%; UFL = 7% (Estimated Values)

Suitable Extinguishing Media: For small fires, a Class B extinguishing media (such as dry 

chemical, CO2, or AFFF/ATC foam) or water spray may be 

used. For larger fires, water spray, water fog AFFF/ATC or 

a combination of these should be used. Personnel 

engaged in fire fighting should be properly trained and 

equipped with proper PPE.

NFPA Rating: Health = 1

Flammability = 4

Reactivity = 0 

Section 6: Accidental Release Measures

Protective Measures: If the spill is large, consider evacuating personnel in the area. 

Eliminate all ignition sources in the vicinity of the spill. To 

minimize the area of the spill, plug all drains in the area of the 

spill. Stop the source of the release if possible without risks to the 

responders. Contain the release to prevent further contamination 

of soil, surface water and ground water. Wear the proper 

personal protective equipment while engaged in the spill 

response. Cover the contaminated area with an inert absorbing 

material such as vermiculite or a commercially available absorbing 

material. Place the used absorbent material in a suitable 

container for disposal in a manner consistent with applicable 

regulations.

Section 7: Handling and Storage

Precautions: A static electric charge can accumulate when the material is 

flowing through pipes, nozzles or filters. Always bond receiving 

container to the fill pipe before and during loading. Always keep 

the nozzle in contact with container during loading process. Keep 

in a tightly closed container. Ground/bond all equipment 

containing the material or the equipment that this naphtha is 

being used in. This material will likely present a static 

accumulating liquid hazard. Do not ingest the material or breathe 

the vapor or sprays of the material. Avoid contact with the skin or 

eyes. Wear the appropriate personal protective equipment when 

handling this equipment. Treat empty vessels the same as full 

ones. Empty vessels that have contained this naphtha, because of 

the residual material in them, could have a flammable 
atmosphere in them. Heating these “empty” vessels could result 

in an explosion!

Storage: Store in a cool, dry, well ventilated area that is away from ignition 

sources. Do not store in direct sunlight or near other sources of 

heat. Storing near sources of heat may result in a pressure 

increase inside the container. Do not store near incompatible 

materials such as oxidizers. Store containers in a manner that 

prevents them from suffering physical damage. 

Section 8: Exposure Control/Personal Protection

Engineering Controls: Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation or other 

engineering controls to keep airborne contamination levels to a 

safe level. If user operations generate vapors, use ventilation to 

keep exposures at a level to where they are not a health hazard or 

where a flammable atmosphere will not exist. In operations such 

as these, the use of hazardous classified equipment should be 

considered.

Respiratory Protection: Where vapors are present and engineering controls have been 

unsuccessful or not available, use NIOSH approved respiratory 

protection to mitigate potential respiratory exposures. In 

situations where the levels of the airborne contamination are 

unknown, use a supplied air respirator or a self-contained 

breathing apparatus (SCBA). Respirators should be used in 

accordance with OSHA requirements (29 CFR 1910.134).

Eye Protection: For general work, use a minimum of safety glasses with side 

shields. Where a spray, mist or heavy vapor may exist, use 

chemical safety goggles or a full-face respirator. Although face 

shields can be used to supplement the level of protection, they 

should never be used instead of primary eye protection.

Skin Protection: Wear impervious protective clothing, including boots, gloves 

apron or coveralls, as appropriate, to prevent skin contact.

Exposure Limits:

List Components CAS-No. Type: Value

OSHA Benzene -29 CFR 1910.1028 71-43-2 TWA 1 ppm

71-43-2 STEL 5 ppm

71-43-2 OSHA_AL 0.5 ppm

OSHA Z1 Naphtha; Low boiling point 

naphtha 

8030-30-6 PEL 100 ppm 400 mg/m3
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: Clear to straw colored liquid

Substance Type: Complex mixture

Odor: Petroleum odor

Molecular Weight: Not determined

pH: Near neutral

Vapor Pressure: 2.3 psi

Specific Gravity: 0.7 – 0.8

Flash Point: <30°C

Solubility: Negligible

Boiling Range: 100 - 430°F (38 - 220°C)

Section 10: Stability and Reactivity

Stability: This material is stable under normal conditions.

Hazardous

Xylene 1330-20-7 PEL 100 ppm 435 mg/m3

N-hexane 110-54-3 PEL 500 ppm 1,800 mg/m3

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 PEL 300 ppm 1,050 mg/m3

Heptane [and isomers] 142-82-5 PEL 500 ppm 2,000 mg/m3

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 PEL 100 ppm 435 mg/m3

ACGIH Naphtha; Low boiling point 

naphtha 

8030-30-6 TWA 400 ppm

Xylene 1330-20-7 TWA 100 ppm

1330-20-7 STEL 150 ppm

N-hexane 110-54-3 TWA 50 ppm

Toluene 108-88-3 TWA 50 ppm

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 TWA 100 ppm

Pentane 109-66-0 TWA 600 ppm

Heptane [and isomers] 142-82-5 TWA 400 ppm

142-82-5 STEL 500 ppm

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 TWA 100 ppm

100-41-4 STEL 125 ppm

Benzene 71-43-2 TWA 0.5 ppm

71-43-2 STEL 2.5 ppm
Polymerization: Hazardous polymerization will not occur.

Decomposition

Products: Incomplete combustion products are carbon monoxide, carbon 

dioxide and non-combustible hydrocarbons (smoke).

Materials to Avoid: Strong oxidizers.

Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, open flames and other sources of ignition.

Section 11: Toxicity Information

Chronic Toxicity: 

Carcinogenicity

NTP : Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

IARC : Ethylbenzene (CAS-No.: 100-41-4) 

Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

OSHA : Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

CA Prop 65 : WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of 

California to cause cancer.

Ethylbenzene (CAS-No.: 100-41-4) 

Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2) 

WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of 

California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm. 

Toluene (CAS-No.: 108-88-3) 

Benzene (CAS-No.: 71-43-2)

Skin irritation : Repeated or prolonged contact with the preparation may cause 

removal of natural fat from the skin resulting in desiccation of the skin. 

The product may be absorbed through the skin.

Eye Irritation : The liquid splashed in the eyes may cause irritation and reversible 

damage. Strong lachrymation can make it difficult to escape

Further information : This product contains benzene. Human health studies indicate that 

prolonged and/or repeated overexposure to benzene may cause 

damage to the blood-forming system (particularly bone marrow), and 

serious blood disorders such as aplastic anemia and leukemia. 

Benzene is listed as a human carcinogen by the NTP, IARC, OSHA 

and ACGIH. Acute toxicity of benzene results primarily from 

depression of the central nervous system (CNS). Inhalation of 

concentrations over 50 ppm can produce headache, lassitude, 

weariness, dizziness, drowsiness, or excitation. Exposure to very high 

levels can result in unconsciousness and death. Symptoms of 

overexposure may be headache, dizziness, tiredness, nausea and 

vomiting. Ingestion may cause gastrointestinal disturbances, including 

irritation, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, and central nervous (brain) 

effects similar to alcohol intoxication. In severe cases, tremors, 

convulsions, loss of consciousness, coma, respiratory arrest and 

death may occur.
Component

N-hexene 110-54-3 Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat 

Dose: 25,000 mg/kg

Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit 

Dose: 2,001 mg/kg 

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat 

Dose: 171.6 mg/l Exposure time: 4 h 

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin. 

Result: Skin irritation 

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes. 

Result: Mild eye irritation 

Teratogenicity: N11.00418960

Xylene 1330-20-

7

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat Dose: 2,840 mg/kg 

Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit 

Dose: ca. 4,500 mg/kg 

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat 

Dose: 6,350 mg/l Exposure time: 4 h 

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin. 

Result: Mild skin irritation Repeated or prolonged exposure may 

cause skin irritation and dermatitis, due to degreasing properties of 

the product. 

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes. 

Result: Mild eye irritation 

Toluene 108-88-3 Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 636 mg/kg

Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit

Dose: 12,124 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 49 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.

Result: Mild skin irritation

Prolonged skin contact may defat the skin and produce dermatitis.

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Mild eye irritation

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit

Dose: 2,001 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 14 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.

Result: Skin irritation

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Mild eye irritation

Pentane 109-66-0 Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 2,001 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 364 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin 
irritation and dermatitis, due to degreasing properties of the product.

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Mild eye irritation

Heptane [and isomers] 142-82-5 Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 15,001 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 103 g/m3

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.

Result: Skin irritation

Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin irritation and 

dermatitis, due to degreasing properties of the product.

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Mild eye irritation

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 3,500 mg/kg

Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit

Dose: 15,500 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 18 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.

Result: Mild skin irritation

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Risk of serious damage to eyes.

Benzene 71-43-2 Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 930 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 44 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.

Result: Mild skin irritation

Repeated or prolonged exposure may cause skin irritation and 

dermatitis, due to degreasing properties of the product.

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Risk of serious damage to eyes.

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 18 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Skin irritation: Classification: Irritating to skin.

Result: Skin irritation

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.

Result: Eye irritation

Sulfur 7704-34-

9

Acute oral toxicity: LD50 rat

Dose: 5,001 mg/kg

Acute dermal toxicity: LD50 rabbit

Dose: 2,001 mg/kg

Acute inhalation toxicity: LC50 rat

Dose: 9.24 mg/l

Exposure time: 4 h

Eye irritation: Classification: Irritating to eyes.
Section 12: Ecological Information

Result: Mild eye irritation

Additional ecological 

information 

: Keep out of sewers, drainage areas, and waterways. Report spills and 

releases, as applicable, under Federal and State regulations. 

Component: 

N-hexane 110-54-3 Toxicity to fish: 

LC50 

Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 

Dose: 2.5 mg/l 

Exposure time: 96 h 

Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates: EC50 Species: 

Daphnia magna (Water flea) Dose: 2.1 mg/l Exposure time: 48 h

Toluene 108-88-3 Toxicity to fish: 

LC50 

Species: Carassius auratus (goldfish) 

Dose: 13 mg/l 

Exposure time: 96 h 

Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates: 

EC50 

Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) 

Dose: 11.5 mg/l 

Exposure time: 48 h

Toxicity to algae: 

IC50 

Species: Selenastrum capricornutum (green algae) 

Dose: 12 mg/l 

Exposure time: 72 h

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates: 

EC50 

Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) 

Dose: 3.78 mg/l 

Exposure time: 48 h 

Pentane 109-66-0 Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates: 

EC50 

Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea) 

Dose: 9.74 mg/l 

Exposure time: 48 h 

Heptane [and isomers] 142-82-5 Toxicity to fish: 

LC50 

Species: Carassius auratus (goldfish) 

Dose: 4 mg/l 

Exposure time: 24 h 

1,2,4-

Trimethylbenzene 

95-63-6 Toxicity to fish: 

LC50 

Species: Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) 

Dose: 7.72 mg/l 

Exposure time: 96 h
Section 13: Disposal Considerations

Waste Disposal: Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and 

local environmental control regulations.

Section 14: Transportation Information

Dot Proper Shipping Name: Petroleum distillates, n.o.s (naphtha)

Identification Class: Class 3 Flammable Liquid

Packing Group II: II

UN Number: UN1268

Section 15: Other Regulatory Information

Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates: 

EC50 

Species: Daphnia 

Dose: 3.6 mg/l 

Exposure time: 48 h

Sulfur 7704-34-

9 

Acute and prolonged toxicity for aquatic invertebrates: 

EC0

Species: Daphnia magna (Water flea)

Dose: > 10,000 mg/l 

Exposure time: 24 h

OSHA Hazards : Flammable liquid Moderate skin irritant Severe eye irritant Carcinogen 

Teratogen 

TSCA Status : On TSCA Inventory 

DSL Status : All components of this product are on the Canadian DSL list. 

SARA 311/312 Hazards : Fire Hazard Acute Health Hazard Chronic Health Hazard 

SARA III US. EPA Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act (EPCRA) SARA Title III 

Section 313 Toxic Chemicals (40 CFR 372.65) -Supplier Notification Required 

Components: CAS No.

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 

Benzene 71-43-2 
Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 

Toluene 108-88-3 

N-hexane 110-54-3 

Xylene 1330-20-7 

PENN RTK US. Pennsylvania Worker and Community Right-to-Know Law 

(34 Pa. Code Chap. 301-323) 

Components: 

Heptane [and isomers]

CAS No.

142-82-5 

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 

Benzene 71-43-2 

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 

Sulfur 7704-34-9 

Pentane 109-66-0

Naphtha; Low boiling point naphtha 8030-30-6 

Xylene 1330-20-7 

N-hexane 110-54-3 

Toluene 108-88-3 

Cyclohexane 110-82-7 

MASS RTK US. Massachusetts Commonwealth's Right-to-Know Law 

(Appendix A to 105 Code of Massachusetts Regulations Section 

670.000)

Components: 

Heptane [and isomers]

CAS No.

142-82-5 

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 

Benzene 71-43-2 
1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6 

Sulfur 7704-34-9 

Naphtha; Low boiling point naphtha 8030-30-6 

Xylene 1330-20-7 

N-hexane 110-54-3 

Toluene 108-88-3

Cyclohexane 110-82-7

NJ RTK US. New Jersey Worker and Community Right-to-Know Act 

(New Jersey Statute Annotated Section 34:5A-5)

Components: CAS No.

Heptane [and isomers] 142-82-5

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4

Benzene 71-43-2

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene 95-63-6

Sulfur 7704-34-9

Naphtha; Low boiling point naphtha 8030-30-6

Xylene 1330-20-7

N-hexane 110-54-3

Toluene 108-88-3

Cyclohexane 110-82-7

CERCLA SECTION 103 and SARA SECTION 304 (RELEASE 

TO THE ENVIROMENT)

The CERCLA definition of hazardous substances contains a 

“petroleum exclusion” clause which exempts crude oil. Fractions 

of crude oil, and products (both finished and intermediate) from 

the crude oil refining process and any indigenous components of 

such from the CERCLA Section 103 reporting requirements. 

However, other federal reporting requirements, including SARA 

Section 304, as well as the Clean Water Act may still apply. 

California Prop. 65 : WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of 

California to cause cancer.
Section 16: Other Information

Date Created: 04 April 2011

Revision Date: N/A

Ethylbenzene 100-41-4 

Benzene 71-43-2 

WARNING! This product contains a chemical known to the State of 

California to cause birth defects or other reproductive harm.

Toluene 108-88-3 

Benzene 71-43-2 

The above information is believed to be correct, but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be 

used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of knowledge 

and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent 

any guarantee of the properties of the product. KiOR, Inc. shall not be held liable for any damage 

resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See reverse side of invoice or 

packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.