Reconsideration of Clean Air Interstate Rule: 

Supplemental Notice of Reconsideration 

FACT SHEET 

ACTION 

• On December 20, 2005, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) agreed to 

reconsider one specific aspect of its Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR). 

• In this notice, EPA is granting reconsideration and seeking comment on the potential 

impact of a recent judicial opinion, New York v. EPA, 413 F.3d 3 (D.C. Cir. 2005). 

This decision vacated the pollution control project (PCP) exclusion in the New 

Source Review (NSR) regulations (the exclusion allowed for certain environmentally 

beneficial PCPs to be excluded from certain NSR requirements). EPA's analysis 

shows that the court decision does not impact the CAIR analyses. EPA is providing 

an opportunity for public comment on the issue and is not proposing any changes to 

CAIR at this time. 

• In this action, EPA is not requesting comment on any other provisions of the final 

rule. 

• If requested, EPA will hold a public hearing on this notice on January 17, 2005 in 

Washington, DC. EPA will accept public comments on the reconsideration until 

February 16, 2006.

• EPA issued the final CAIR on March 10, 2005. Following promulgation of the final 

rule, the EPA Administrator received eleven petitions for reconsideration. 

• Petitions for reconsideration were filed by: 

1. State of North Carolina; 

2. FPL Group; 

3. Florida Association of Electric Utilities; 

4. Entergy Corporation; 

5. Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection; 

6. Integrated Waste Services Association; 

7. Texas Commission on Environmental Quality; 

8. Northern Indiana Public Service Corporation; 

9. City of Amarillo, Texas, El Paso Electric Company, Occidental Permian Ltd, and 

Southwestern Public Service Company d/b/a/ Xcel Energy; 

10. Connecticut Business and Industry Association; and 

11. Minnesota Power, a division of ALLETE, Inc. 

(Note: The complete petitions are available in the docket for CAIR) 
• Through Federal Register notices dated August 24, 2005 and December 2, 2005, EPA 

began the reconsideration processes on the following five specific issues in CAIR and 

requested comment on those issues: 

August 24, 2005. 

The definition of “electric generating unit” or “EGU” as it relates to solid 

waste incinerators (and particularly municipal waste incinerators.) EPA also 

proposed a revised definition and took comment on the proposal. 

December 2, 2005. 

1. allegations that inequities result from application of the sulfur dioxide 

(SO2) allocation methodology that States choosing to participate in the CAIR 

SO2 trading program would use to allocate SO2 allowances to sources; 

2. EPA’s use of fuel adjustment factors (1.0 for coal, 0.6 for oil, and 0.4 for 

gas) in establishing state nitrogen oxides (NOx) budgets; 

3. certain inputs to the fine particle (PM2.5) modeling used to determine 

whether Minnesota should be included in the CAIR region for PM2.5; and 

4. EPA’s determination that Florida should be included in the CAIR region 

• EPA expects to take final action on reconsideration of all issues under reconsideration 

by March 15, 2006. By that date, EPA would finalize the process of reconsideration 

by issuing a final rule or proposing a new approach. EPA also expects, by March 15, 

2006, to issue decisions on all remaining issues raised in the petitions for 

reconsideration. 

BACKGROUND 

• The final rule, “Rule to Reduce Interstate Transport of Fine Particulate Matter and 

Ozone (Clean Air Interstate Rule); Revisions to Acid Rain Program; Revisions to 

NOx SIP Call” was published in the Federal Register on May 12, 2005. 

• CAIR will achieve the largest reduction in air pollution in more than a decade. It 

requires 28 States and the District of Columbia to revise their state implementation 

plans to include control measures to reduce emissions of NOx and/or SO2 that 

significantly contribute to unhealthy levels of PM2.5 or 8-hour ozone in downwind 

states. 

• Each State covered by CAIR may independently determine which emission sources to 

control and which control measures to adopt. CAIR includes model rules for multistate cap and trade programs for power plants that states may choose to adopt to meet 

the required emissions reductions in a flexible and highly cost-effective manner. 

• In CAIR, EPA determined that SO2 and NOx emissions from 23 states and the 

District of Columbia contribute significantly to downwind states inability to attain or 

maintain the PM2.5 national ambient air quality standard (NAAQS). Additionally, 

EPA determined that NOx emissions in 25 states and the District of Columbia 
contribute significantly to downwind states inability to attain or maintain the 8-hour 

ozone NAAQS. 

• The rule specifies emissions reductions requirements for SO2 and NOx. The first 

phase of NOx reductions starts in 2009 (covering 2009-2014) and the first phase of 

SO2 reductions starts in 2010 (covering 2010-2014). The second phase of both SO2 

and NOx reductions starts in 2015 (covering 2015 and thereafter). 

HOW TO COMMENT 

• All comments should be identified by Docket ID No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-0053 and 

submitted by one of the following methods: 

o Federal e-rulemaking portal (www.regulations.gov); 

o E-mail (a-and-r-docket@epa.gov); 

o Facsimile (202) 566-1741; 

o Mail (Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, Environmental 

Protection Agency, Mailcode: 6102T, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW, 

Washington, DC 20460); or 

o Hand delivery (Air and Radiation Docket and Information Center, Environmental 

Protection Agency, Room B102, 1301 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, 

DC). 

FOR MORE INFORMATION 

• Information related to the Clean Air Interstate Rule is available on EPA's website at 

www.epa.gov/cair and in the rulemaking docket, Docket No. EPA-HQ-OAR-2003-

0053.