53128 Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 173 / Monday, September 8, 2014 / Rules and Regulations 

commitment fee on the outstanding 

balance of those loans in monthly 

installments based on the outstanding 

balance of those loans. 

Market risk means the risk to your 

financial condition because the value of 

your holdings may decline if interest 

rates or market prices change. Exposure 

to market risk is measured by assessing 

the effect of changing rates and prices 

on either the earnings or economic 

value of an individual instrument, a 

portfolio, or the entire Corporation. 

Maturing obligations means maturing 

debt and other obligations that may be 

expected, such as buyouts of long-term 

standby purchase commitments or 

repurchases of agricultural mortgage 

securities. 

Mortgage securities means securities 

that are either: 

(1) Pass-through securities or 

participation certificates that represent 

ownership of a fractional undivided 

interest in a specified pool of residential 

(excluding home equity loans), 

multifamily or commercial mortgages, 

or 

(2) A multiclass security (including 

collateralized mortgage obligations and 

real estate mortgage investment 

conduits) that is backed by a pool of 

residential, multifamily or commercial 

real estate mortgages, pass-through 

mortgage securities, or other multiclass 

mortgage securities. 

(3) This definition does not include 

agricultural mortgage-backed securities 

guaranteed by Farmer Mac itself. 

Nationally recognized statistical 

rating organization (NRSRO) means a 

rating organization that the Securities 

and Exchange Commission recognizes 

as an NRSRO. 

Non-program investments means 

investments other than those in: 

(1) ‘‘Qualified loans’’ as defined in 

section 8.0(9) of the Farm Credit Act of 

1971, as amended; or 

(2) Securities collateralized by 

‘‘qualified loans.’’ 

OSMO means FCA’s Office of 

Secondary Market Oversight. 

Program assets means on-balance 

sheet ‘‘qualified loans’’ as defined in 

section 8.0(9) of the Farm Credit Act of 

1971, as amended. 

Program obligations means offbalance sheet ‘‘qualified loans’’ as 

defined in section 8.0(9) of the Farm 

Credit Act of 1971, as amended. 

Regulatory capital means your core 

capital plus an allowance for losses and 

guarantee claims, as determined in 

accordance with generally accepted 

accounting principles. 

Revenue bond means an obligation of 

a municipal government that finances a 

specific project or enterprise, but it is 

not a full faith and credit obligation. 

The obligor pays a portion of the 

revenue generated by the project or 

enterprise to the bondholders. 

Weighted average life (WAL) means 

the average time until the investor 

receives the principal on a security, 

weighted by the size of each principal 

payment and calculated under specified 

prepayment assumptions. 

Dated: September 3, 2014. 

Dale L. Aultman, 

Secretary, Farm Credit Administration Board. 

[FR Doc. 2014–21319 Filed 9–5–14; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 6705–01–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 25 

[Docket No. FAA–2013–0909; Special 

Conditions No. 25–533–SC] 

Special Conditions: Airbus Model 

A350–900 Airplane; Electronic SystemSecurity Protection From Unauthorized 

External Access 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Final special conditions. 

SUMMARY: These special conditions are 

issued for Airbus Model A350–900 

airplanes. These airplanes will have a 

novel or unusual design feature 

associated with electronic systemsecurity protection from unauthorized 

external access. The applicable 

airworthiness regulations do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for this design feature. These special 

conditions contain the additional safety 

standards that the Administrator 

considers necessary to establish a level 

of safety equivalent to that established 

by the existing airworthiness standards. 

DATES: Effective Date: October 8, 2014. 

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 

Varun Khanna, FAA, Airplane and 

Flightcrew Interface Branch, ANM–111, 

Transport Airplane Directorate, Aircraft 

Certification Service, 1601 Lind Avenue 

SW., Renton, Washington 98057–3356; 

telephone (425) 227–1298; facsimile 

(425) 227–1320. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 

Background 

On August 25, 2008, Airbus applied 

for a type certificate for their new Model 

A350–900 airplane. Later, Airbus 

requested, and the FAA approved, an 

extension to the application for FAA 

type certification to November 15, 2009. 

The Model A350–900 airplane has a 

conventional layout with twin wingmounted Rolls-Royce Trent XWB 

engines. It features a twin-aisle, 9- 

abreast, economy-class layout, and 

accommodates side-by-side placement 

of LD–3 containers in the cargo 

compartment. The basic Model A350– 

900 airplane configuration 

accommodates 315 passengers in a 

standard two-class arrangement. The 

design cruise speed is Mach 0.85 with 

a maximum take-off weight of 602,000 

lbs. 

Contemporary transport-category 

airplanes have both safety-related and 

non-safety-related electronic system 

networks for many operational 

functions. However, electronic systemnetwork-security considerations and 

functions have played a relatively minor 

role in the certification of such systems 

because of the isolation, protection 

mechanisms, and limited connectivity 

between the different networks. 

Type Certification Basis 

Under Title 14, Code of Federal 

Regulations (14 CFR) 21.17, Airbus must 

show that the Model A350–900 airplane 

meets the applicable provisions of 14 

CFR part 25, as amended by 

Amendments 25–1 through 25–129. 

If the Administrator finds that the 

applicable airworthiness regulations 

(i.e., 14 CFR part 25) do not contain 

adequate or appropriate safety standards 

for the Model A350–900 series because 

of a novel or unusual design feature, 

special conditions are prescribed under 

§ 21.16. 

Special conditions are initially 

applicable to the model for which they 

are issued. Should the type certificate 

for that model be amended later to 

include any other model that 

incorporates the same novel or unusual 

design feature, the special conditions 

would also apply to the other model 

under § 21.101. 

In addition to the applicable 

airworthiness regulations and special 

conditions, the Model A350–900 

airplane must comply with the fuel-vent 

and exhaust-emission requirements of 

14 CFR part 34, and the noisecertification requirements of 14 CFR 

part 36. The FAA must issue a finding 

of regulatory adequacy under § 611 of 

Public Law 92–574, the ‘‘Noise Control 

Act of 1972.’’ 

The FAA issues special conditions, as 

defined in 14 CFR 11.19, under § 11.38, 

and they become part of the typecertification basis under § 21.17(a)(2). 

Novel or Unusual Design Features 

The Airbus Model A350–900 airplane 

will incorporate the following novel or 

unusual design feature: 


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Federal Register / Vol. 79, No. 173 / Monday, September 8, 2014 / Rules and Regulations 53129 

The digital systems architecture for 

the Airbus Model A350–900 airplane is 

composed of several connected 

networks. This network architecture is 

used for a diverse set of functions, 

providing data connectivity between 

systems, including: 

1. Airplane control, communication, 

display, monitoring and navigation 

systems, 

2. Operator business and 

administrative support systems, 

3. Passenger entertainment systems, 

and 

4. Access by systems external to the 

airplane. 

Discussion 

The Airbus Model A350–900 airplane 

network architecture and configuration 

may allow increased connectivity to, 

and access from, external network 

sources, and operator operations and 

maintenance networks to the airplane 

control domain and operatorinformation-services domain. The 

airplane-control domain and operatorinformation-services domain perform 

functions required for the safe operation 

and maintenance of the airplane. 

Previously, these domains had very 

limited connectivity with external 

network sources. The network 

architecture and configuration may 

allow the exploitation of networksecurity vulnerabilities resulting in 

intentional or unintentional destruction, 

disruption, degradation, or exploitation 

of data, systems, and networks critical 

to the safety and maintenance of the 

airplane. 

The existing regulations and guidance 

material did not anticipate these types 

of airplane system architectures. 

Furthermore, 14 CFR regulations and 

current system-safety assessment policy 

and techniques do not address potential 

security vulnerabilities, which could be 

exploited by unauthorized access to 

airplane networks, data buses, and 

servers. Therefore, these special 

conditions are to ensure that 

unauthorized wired or wireless 

electronic connections do not 

compromise the security (i.e., 

confidentiality, integrity, and 

availability) of airplane systems. 

These special conditions contain the 

additional safety standards that the 

Administrator considers necessary to 

establish a level of safety equivalent to 

that established by the existing 

airworthiness standards. 

Discussion of Comments 

Notice of proposed special conditions 

No. 25–13–17–SC for the Airbus Model 

A350–900 airplane was published in the 

Federal Register on December 17, 2013 

(78 FR 76251) 

Comment From Airbus 

Airbus had one comment about the 

following wording of the first paragraph 

of the Proposed Special Conditions: 

The applicant must ensure airplane 

electronic system security protection 

from access to or by unauthorized 

sources external to the airplane, 

including those possibly caused by 

maintenance activity. 

Airbus considers that the wording ‘‘to 

or by’’ is incorrect. The protection must 

prevent access from unauthorized 

sources external to the airplane only. 

The requirement of protection to 

unauthorized sources external to the 

airplane, is not relevant. 

Therefore, Airbus suggests that the 

wording be modified as follows: 

The applicant must ensure airplane 

electronic system security protection 

from access by unauthorized sources 

external to the airplane, including those 

possibly caused by maintenance 

activity. 

FAA Response 

The FAA agrees with Airbus and has 

changed the special conditions 

accordingly. 

Applicability 

As discussed above, these special 

conditions apply to Airbus Model 

A350–900 series airplanes. Should 

Airbus apply later for a change to the 

type certificate to include another 

model incorporating the same novel or 

unusual design feature, the special 

conditions would apply to that model as 

well. 

Conclusion 

This action affects only certain novel 

or unusual design features on the Airbus 

Model A350–900 series airplanes. It is 

not a rule of general applicability. 

List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 25 

Aircraft, Aviation safety, Reporting 

and recordkeeping requirements. 

The authority citation for these 

special conditions is as follows: 

Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701, 

44702, 44704. 

The Special Conditions 

■ Accordingly, pursuant to the authority 

delegated to me by the Administrator, 

the following special conditions are 

issued as part of the type-certification 

basis for Airbus Model A350–900 series 

airplanes. 

1. The applicant must ensure airplane 

electronic system-security protection 

from access by unauthorized sources 

external to the airplane, including those 

possibly caused by maintenance 

activity. 

2. The applicant must ensure that 

electronic system-security threats are 

identified and assessed, and that 

effective electronic system-security 

protection strategies are implemented to 

protect the airplane from all adverse 

impacts on safety, functionality, and 

continued airworthiness. 

3. The applicant must establish 

appropriate procedures to allow the 

operator to ensure that continued 

airworthiness of the airplane is 

maintained, including all post-typecertification modifications that may 

have an impact on the approved 

electronic system-security safeguards. 

Issued in Renton, Washington, on August 

15, 2014. 

Jeffrey E. Duven, 

Manager, Transport Airplane Directorate, 

Aircraft Certification Service. 

[FR Doc. 2014–21243 Filed 9–5–14; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4910–13–P 

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION 

Federal Aviation Administration 

14 CFR Part 25 

[Docket No. FAA–2013–1002; Special 

Conditions No. 25–530–SC] 

Special Conditions: Airbus Model 

A350–900 Airplane; Lightning 

Protection of Fuel-Tank Structure To 

Prevent Fuel-Tank Vapor Ignition 

AGENCY: Federal Aviation 

Administration (FAA), DOT. 

ACTION: Final special conditions. 

SUMMARY: These special conditions are 

issued for Airbus Model A350–900 

airplanes. 

These airplanes will have a novel or 

unusual design feature that will 

incorporate a nitrogen generation 

system (NGS) for all fuel tanks, to 

actively reduce flammability exposure 

within the fuel tanks significantly below 

that required by the fuel-tank 

flammability regulations. Among other 

benefits, the NGS significantly reduces 

the potential for fuel-vapor ignition 

caused by lightning strikes. The 

applicable airworthiness regulations do 

not contain adequate or appropriate 

safety standards for this design feature. 

These special conditions contain the 

additional safety standards that the 

Administrator considers necessary to 

establish a level of safety equivalent to 

that established by the existing 

airworthiness standards. 

DATES: Effective Date: October 8, 2014. 


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