OFFICE OF CHE MICAL SAFETY A ND POLL UTIO N P REVENTION 

### UNITED STATES ENVI RONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WAS HINGTON D .C., 20460



## . A

PR 7 2 0

11

M EMO RAND U M
S UBJEC T : F ROM:

TH R U :

T O : BEAD C hem i cal Pro fil e f or Re g istration Revi ew : P ro pamocarb-HC l ( 1 1 9302) Leo nard Y ourman, Pl an t P at ho l ogi st 

# f?" B io l og i cal A nalysi s Branc h 

# U Kathe rine S tebbins, Bio lo gi st Sc ience Information and An a lysis Branch Der ek B erwa ld , Ec onomi s t

# /' Eco nomic A n a ly s is Bran ch c Bi o lo g i cal and E co n o mic A "' ry is D ivi sion ( 75 03P ) A rne t Jon e s , C h ief

# l!A**,-f! "Y,"** **""** Bi olo gica l A nalysi s Brane D iann Si m s, C hief

# ;Di**t2.,n..,.s~L-r"""->** S c i ence Information and A na l ys is Bran ch Tim ot h y Kie l y , C hief / \-. Ec ono mic A naly sis B ranch \..) 

# j \AJ\J Bi olog ical an d Econom ic A n a l y s i s Di vision ( 3 P ) C hristina S cheltema, C he mica l Re vi ew M anag e r Pe sticide Ree v alu ation D i vi s i o n ( 75 08P) Pee r R ev iew P an el d ate : Mar ch 9 , 2 0 t 1


### I NTRODUC TI O N Th e purpo se o f thi s do cum en t i s to c onv e y u sa ge information and a bro ad o v erview of th e pe st m anagement ro le o fa p e sti cide that i s b eginnin g to unde rgo re gi strat ion review
. T h e a n tic i pated a udience c onsi sts of the t eam o f E PA s taff c u rrently e v aluating the re gi strat ion s tatu s o f propam oca rb-H Cl, a nd ev e ntua lly , the g ener a l publi c . T hi s do cument build s upon th e data a lread y pr ovided in the " Us a ge and La bel 

### Use Da t a Pa ckages " that a re a lso pro vided t o Registration Re v i ew te a m s b y B EAD
. The d oc ument i s ba sed on i nfo rmat ion a nd data av ailab le to B EAD a s o f Febru ary , 201 1.

### PROPAMOCARB- H CL : C hemical class, mode of action, and main target pests pro pamocarb-H C I i s a fun gicide wi th ac tivit )' aga in st seve ral Oomycete s pec ies ( e.g., Phytoph thora 

### spp. , Pythium 

### s pp ., Bremia lactu cae 

### [lettuce do wny m ildew] , and Pseudopero no spora c ubensis 

### [cucurbit downy m ildew])
. Th ese m ay c ause s eed, s eed ling, root an d s te m rot s, an d f oliar d i s ea s e s in many e dible c rop s and o rnamental p lants . Propamocarb-H CI i s identified a s a carbamate fungicide ( FRAC, 20 1O a; ETN, 1997)
. The mod e o f ac tion is cla s sified by th e Fungicide Re s i s tance Act ion C ommittee (F RAC, 201 0a) as a "G rou p 28 " fungicide , w ith a l ow to med ium ri sk of resistance
. B ecause resi s tance to p ropamocarb-HCI ha s been identified in g ree nhouse i s olates of P ythium 

### spp . ( Pest M anageme nt G uidelines , 201 la ; FRA C. 2010b) re sis tance m anagement s trategies h ave been recommen ded w ith it s u se. 

### US E SITES Prim ary us es of propamocarb -HCI are potat o, tom ato ( field and gree nhouse) , fi eld an d gree nhouse-grown cuc urbits (i ncluding num e rou s sq uashes , melon s , w atermelon , and c ucumber), pep per ( field and g reenhou se), h ea d a nd le afl ettuce ( field), and gree nhouse-grown le af lettuce . In addition, there are u ses f or e gg plant, C hine se o kra , and o ther spec ialty cro p s. Turf an d ornamental u se s are f or go lf co ur se s , sod f arm s, co mmercially gro wn o rnamental s in gree nhou ses and co ntainer-grown o rnamentals in nur serie s. 

### COMMON FORMULA TIO NS AN D AP PLIC ATION ME THODS Propamocarb-HCI is formulated as an e mul s i fiable co ncentrate . Propamocarb-HCI m ay be applied via c hemigation, s oi l s urface sp ray , f o liar s pray , b and tr eatment , co ntainerized pl ant treatment, a nd d rench treatment. F or the ag r ic ultural c rops , ae rial ap plications may b e m ade
. It 

### is used i n gree nhouse s on labeled c rop s a s a pr e - s eed i ng treatment i n growing media; p osttran splanting o r see ding i n dr ip irrigation syst e m o r " soi l" dr ench
.



### 2USAGE A gricultural Us age B ased o n p riva te m arket s urvey da ta f rom 2 (1 06 -20 08, th e annual agri cultural u sage (e xcluding e ggplant bec ause data a re not availabl e) av eraged approximately 240 ,000 p ound s for 22 0,000 a cres ( GtK Kynetec, 20 06-2 008)
. D epend in g on the c rop, pr opam o carb- HCl i s typically applied a t a rate o f 

### 0
. 7-104 p ou nds a.i
. per acr e (G tK Kynetec , 2 006-2008). 

### F

rom 2006-2008, the t op crops in term s o f t otal pounds o f acti ve ingr edient ap plied w ere le ttuce ( 52%), c ucumbers (37%), s quash ( 3%), p eppers ( 3%), and pumpkin s (3% ) (Fig ure I ). Th ese cr ops ranked si milarly in term s o f th e t otal ar ea tr eated e xce pt c ucumbers ranked high er ( 46% ) than lettuce (4 0%).


### Figure I
. C ro s w ith H ighest Use (P ercent of 

### Total Pounds A l A lied)
Pe p pers

_

3% Squas h

3%

Cucumbers 37%

So urce: GfK Kynetec , 2 006 -20 08 O ther include s: p otato es , t omatoes, watermelons , an d ca nta loupes . Th e s tates w ith th e m ost agri cultural u sage in term s of pound s A I app lied were C alifornia, Michi gan , G eorgia, Fl orid a, T exas, a nd Indi ana (F igure 2). T hese s tates w ere a lso th e hi ghest i n t erms o f th e total are a tr e ated
.



### 3Fi gure 2
. S tates w ith Hi ghest Us e (Percent ofT ota l Pound s A I A pplied )

Sou rc e: G fK K yn etec, 2006-2008
A nother me asure o f u sage is th e percent oft h e crop that i s treated (P CT ). A ccording to th e S cree ni ng Le vel U sage Anal ysi s ( EPA, 2 0 1(') , c ucumbers had th e hi ghest PCT w ith an ave rage va l ue of3 0% , f o ll owed by lettuce ( 25%), pumpkin s and s quash ( both 1 0%), and pepper s (5 %) . N on-Agricul tura l U s age Acc ording t o p e sticide usa ge s urveys f or tur f and o rnam enta l s, u sage on golf c ourses ha s been declin ing s ince the pe ak o f approximat ely 

### 8: , 000 pound s in 2002 to ju st under 10 ,000 pound s in 2006 ( K l ine a nd Co ., 1999

- 2006). U sage 

### by law n car e o perators and in nur sery /gree nhou se s ites wa s o n ly report ed in 2 006 , ac countin g f or ap pro ximate ly 4 ,000 p ound s each ( K l ine an d C o., 1999 -2006 ).
USE T RENDS T he hi storica l u sage data provided in thi s s ection ha s not been ana l y zed in detail and i s provided for preliminary s coping purpo ses onl y, to C O

:1V ey a broad o verview o f pr opamo carb-H Cl a t the b eginning o f th e re gistration revi ew pr ocess. P rior to 2 005, agri cultural u sag e wa s limit ed to potat oes and tomatoe s. From 1998 -2 008, the u se on po tatoes and tom atoes h as decrea sed w ith no u se report ed o n tomatoe s s ince 2 001. Ove ra ll, u sage h as incre ased s ubstantia lly in recent y ears du e to the 2 004 reg istration oflettu ce , c ucurbit s , a nd fruitin g v egetab l es (Fi gure 3).

4Fi g ure 3
. Pro pamocar b-HC l U sage (Po und s , \I A pplied 1 998-20 08) 3 50.000 r--------------------------,

1 998 1 999 2000 200 1 2 002 10 0 3 2004 2005 200 6 2007 2008 S ource: GfK K yn e t e c , 1998- 2 008 O

t h

er includ e s : sq uas h, pe ppe r, pu mpki n s . wa termelons, a nd ca ntaloupes. • Othe r
• T oma toes D Potatoe s
• C uc umb ers
• Le ttuce



### 5

### BIO LOGICA L ASPE CTS R ELEVANT T O P ROPAMOCARB-HCL T abl e 1 i nd i cates th e d i seases that ar e t ar geted by p rop am oc arb-HCl fo r th e p rimary c rops w h e r e 

### it i s u s ed
. In add ition , Tab l e I l i s t s o th e r fu n gic id es th at m ay b e a v a i lab l e fo r u s e i n man agin g th e s e d i s ea s e s. B EAD d id n ot e val ua te an y o f the s e f un g icides fo r comparat iv e e ffic acy a n d th e l i s t of f ungic id es is n ot co mprehen s ive
. d d 

### b H e l T bl I P

a 

### e 

### . ro amocar 

# - t ar a ete rscase s an s o me a te ma n ve un g r ct es o n s e e c te c rops. C r op D i s ease P at hog en O t he r C hemical Fu naicid es A vai lable' Cyazof am id, fluopicoli d e , mefe noxam + Pseudop e ro nospora c h lorot halo nil, f amoxadone + cymoxanil, C ucu rbits 3 Down y m ildew di methomorph , boscalid + pyraclostrobin, c ubensis fenamidone , manc ozeb , chlorotha lonil, m e mb en oxa rn + c hlorot halcni l
. Pyt hium root rots C ucurbits a nd seedl in g Pythium s p p Me t a laxyl , m efenox am dis eases Pythium ro ot rots Pe pp e rs a nd seedli ng P yt

hium s pp . Metalaxyl, rn ef

enoxam d ise ases Me f enoxa m , fosetyl-Al, phosp h orus aci d L

ett uce pro du cts, m a n d ipr o pa mid , fl uc p icolid e , ( head a nd D owny m ildew Brem ia lact ucae ac i benzcla r-S vrn ethyl ( Ac t igard), famoxidone + lea l) cy moxani l ( Tano s) , fenam idone , dirnet h omo rph , a n d copp er hydroxide
. Lett u ce Pyth ium roo t rots ( head a nd and s e e d ling P yth ium spp M e t alaxy l , mefenoxam leaf) d is eases Az ox ystro bin, c hlo rot halon il, c op p e r hy droxi de , cyazo fam id , cymcx anil, dime tho morp h
. P o tato L ate blig h t Phytoptuho r-x infes tan s f amoxado ne + cym oxan i l, fe namidon e , fl u oxas trob in, ma ncozeb , m an dip ropamid + d if enoc o naz ole , m e f en o x am , m etirarn , pyra clostro b in, py rim e thanil , trifl oxystrobin, P

otato Ear ly blig ht A lternaria solan i tr ipheny ltin hy d rox ide (Su p er T in), zoxamide + ma ncozeb Ma nc ozeb + c o ppe r hyd ro xide , c yazofarnid
. T omato L at e b ligh t Phytophtho r a infestans cy mo xanil, dim ethomo rp h, fluop icolide, f1 uoxas trob in, fen am ido ne, m and ipropam id + T o ma to Ea r ly blig ht Alternar ia solani difc n oconazole , py raclostrobin. fl uoxastr obin, t riflox vs trob in T omato , P yt hium r oo t rots fi el d and s eedli ng P ythium sp p Fosetyl

- AI , m ef enoxam, ph osp h o rou s a cid dis eases Orn a men tals R o ot r o t s a nd P yth ium spp : Cyazo famid, d im e th o m o rph, e tri diazo le, fos e tyl- (g ree nhouse ) d amp ing- off Phyt ophth on spp . AI, mef en o x am , p h osphorous a cid, Fludio x o nil, p yraclostr ob in, tr i flo xvstrob in , Tur f R oot rots a nd Pythium spp : Azoxy stro bin , c hlo roneb , etr idia zole , fose tyl -Al, d ampi ng- off Phytoph thor a s p p . m ef e n ox am , pyra clos trob in + b oscalid Pe s t Ma n ag e ment G UI d e li n e s , 2 01 l a; Pe s t Ma nag em e nt G uide lin es , 2 0 11b, So utheas tern U .S
. 20 11 Vegetab le Cro p H an d b o ok. 20 1 1 ; Vegetab le Prod u c t i on H and b ook for F lorida , 2 01 1 -2012. 2 0 1 1. 2 Not a ll the listed f ung icides are reg istered f o r use i n a ll states . 3 Includes cuc um ber, sq uashes , p um pkin s , w atermelo - i, and me lons
.



### 6IIISTORY OF BEAD ASSESSMENTS F OR P ROPAMOCA RB- HCL Th ere i s no evi dence that B EAD ha s ev aluated thi s a ctive ingredient s ince th e reg istration eli gibility deci sion ( RED) in 19 95. Th ere 

### w as n o d iscussion of ben efits in th e RED d ocum ent.
REFE R ENCES E PA Pr opri etary Dat a. G tK Kynetec. 19 98

- 2008 . EP A 2 0 10. S creening L evel Us age A na lysis
. ETN ( Extension To xicology Ne twork). 199 1', Propam ocarb . Pe sticide I nf ormation P rofile. C orne II Uni ve rsity. ( http :// pllie r .eee.c om e ll .e dulprofile s ! exto xne tim e tirampropoxur /proparnocarb-ext.htrnl ) FRA C (Fu ng icide Resistance A ction Co mm: ttee). 2010 a. FRA C Co de L ist@: Fung icides s orted b y mode o f act ion ( includin g FRAC Co de n umber in g). 

### http: / /www.frac .info / frac!publ icati onianhan g/FRAC C ode Li st 2 010
. pd f) FRA C (Fun gicide R esi stance A ction Co m mt tee). 2 0 1Ob. L ist o f plant patho genic o rganisms re sistant to di sease c ontrol ag ents. Revised J anuary 2 010. hup :llw'Nw.fra c .inf o !fr a c/publicati onianhan g/Li st o f resi stant plant p athogen s Jan %2020 IO.pd 

## D Kl ine and Co. ( 2000- 2007). Prof essiona l T urf and O rname n tal Ma rkets f or Pesti cide s and Fe rti l izers. Pest M anagement G uidelines. 2 01 1a. Pht ophthor a dampin g - off , root and c rown rot. Fungicides a nd Bact ericides f or G reenhouse Use. C hapter 6 . Co rne ll U n i versity. http ://ipmguidelin es.org/G reenhou se /conten l / CH06 /de fault-3 1.asp ; hup :II i pmguidel i nes. er g ! greenh ouse ! Pe st Mana gement G uidelines. 2011b
. Di sease M anagement. 2011 Co rnell Pes t Manag ement G uidelines f or Co mmercial T urf grass. C hapter 5. 8. hup :II i pm gu ide l 

### i nes.org/T urf gr asslcon ten ti C H0 5 ! d efa ult-8
. asp So utheastern U.S. 2 011 Veg etab le C rop Handbook . 2 011. http ://\\ ' \v\\ ' .citru sandveg etabl e.comlMedialS,EVG-20 1 1 / 2 0 1 1 S EVG- reduced .pdf Veg etable Production Handbo ok f or Flo r id a , 2 01 1- 20 1 2. 2 011. http ://citru s andvcg ctable.c om/medial vegpro dgd 20 II /Fla vegprodgd 20 II .pdf

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