Information

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | www.noaa.gov

NOAA Satellite and Information Service | www.nesdis.noaa.gov

Data and Information | www.nesdis.noaa.gov/datainfo.html

Satellites | www.nesdis.noaa.gov/satellites.html

Education and Outreach | www.nesdis.noaa.gov/outreach_edu.html

Products | www.nesdis.noaa.gov/sat-products.html

Research | www.nesdis.noaa.gov/star/index.php

EEO and Diversity | www.nesdis.noaa.gov/About/Diversity/diversity.html

Library Services | www.lib.noaa.gov

Search and Rescue Beacon Registration | www.sarsat.noaa.gov

2007 NESDIS Accomplishments Report Acknowledgements

Layout & Artistic Design - Marc Pulliam

Technical Writers/Editors - Mindy Gaines, Tara Mairs

Special thanks to the Communications Team and NESDIS Headquarters Staff for their input and review.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 1

Dear Colleagues and Friends:

2007 was an important year for NOAA’s Satellite and Information Service. First, we provided a record-breaking amount of data to users from our world-class data centers. Second, we saved hundreds of people with help 

from our satellite-based search and rescue systems. Third, 14 of our scientists were directly involved in the Nobel 

Peace Prize winning effort by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that reported to the world 

on climate change issues. In addition, we officially opened a state-of-the-art, award-winning satellite operations 

facility in Maryland to house our around-the-clock environmental satellite operations. It was quite a year!

We are dedicated to providing the best service to our data users and partners and to improving our products. 

Environmental data from satellites and air- and ground-based observation platforms benefit all of us in a variety 

of ways. Our environmental data products help individuals, city managers, political leaders, and commercial 

entities make better decisions about how to conduct business, monitor public health, and protect life and property. We made progress on our two future satellite programs—completing a restructure of the new National 

Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) program and preparing the next generation of geostationary satellites, called GOES-R, program to move into the acquisition phase. These acquisition 

programs are challenging, but it is worth the effort since both systems will provide improved data and capabilities 

to monitor the Earth.

All of our organizational accomplishments this past year were possible because of the dedication, drive, and outstanding service of the employees and team members of our organization. I am proud to be part of this organization and am excited about the possibilities of the year ahead. 

Mary E. Kicza

Assistant Administrator for Satellite and Information Services 

From The 

Assistant 

Administrator

2007 Accomplishments Report | 1
2 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

This GOES-12 1 kilometer visible imagery, taken on August 20, 2007, shows Hurricane Dean located over the Caribbean Sea.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 3
4 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

Current Spacecraft

Metop-A Becomes Operational

On May 15, 2007, Metop-A, a European environmental satellite with three instruments provided by 

NOAA, was formally declared operational, and users 

started benefiting from the satellite’s capabilities. The 

successful launch of Metop-A is a milestone of the 

cooperative effort between NOAA and the European 

Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological 

Satellites (EUMETSAT) to integrate European and 

U.S. instruments on a polar-orbiting satellite system. 

The goal of this partnership is to provide and improve 

operational meteorological and environmental forecasting and global climate monitoring services worldwide.

NOAA’s Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) worked closely with EUMETSAT to 

calibrate the satellite’s instruments. Accurately calibrated measurements ensure accurate products from 

these instruments, including atmospheric temperature, moisture, and ozone products. The Metop series 

of three satellites will provide data until 2020.

Future Spacecraft

Next Generation Geostationary 

Satellite Program Moves Forward

Geostationary satellites remain the weather sentinels 

for NOAA—tracking hurricanes, severe storms, and 

other severe weather. The next-generation geostationary satellite series, called GOES-R, will scan the 

Earth nearly five times faster than the current GOES, 

providing users such as meteorologists and government agencies around the world with about one hundred times the amount of data currently provided. 

In 2007:

● NOAA revised the management and acquisition 

strategy for the GOES-R program, partnering 

more closely with the National Aeronautics and 

Space Administration (NASA) to take advantage 

of each agency’s expertise. 

Supporting the NOAA Mission 

NOAA’s mission is to understand and predict changes in the Earth’s environment and conserve and manage coastal and marine resources to meet our Nation’s economic, social, and 

environmental needs. NOAA Satellite and Information Service supports this mission through 

its current and future satellite programs and data management endeavors.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 5

● The design of the Advanced Baseline Imager, the 

key instrument on GOES-R, was completed in 

February. The Space Environment In-Situ Suite 

System Definition Review was conducted at Assurance Technology Corporation in June.

● NOAA awarded the remaining three GOES-R 

instrument contracts; the Solar Ultraviolet Imager and Geostationary Lightning Mapper were 

awarded to Lockheed Martin in September and 

December, respectively, and the Extreme Ultraviolet and X-Ray Irradiance Sensor was awarded 

to the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space 

Physics in August. These instruments will help 

users to forecast effects from solar disturbances 

and track lightning strikes.

Next Generation Polar-orbiting 

Satellite Program Restructured

In 2007, NOAA completed restructuring the National 

Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite 

System (NPOESS) program. Under the new plan, the 

first NPOESS satellite will begin to collect and disseminate data on Earth’s weather, atmosphere, oceans, 

land, and near-space environment in 2013. Polarorbiting satellites are able to monitor the entire planet 

and provide data for long-range weather and climate 

forecasts. NPOESS will increase the timeliness and 

accuracy of severe weather event forecasts. A $4.2 

billion modification of the Northrop Grumman Space 

Technology contract culminated a rigorous year-long 

effort to replan virtually every aspect of this critical 

satellite program. The new plan includes two development satellites with an option for two production 

satellites.

Also in 2007, the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) 

spacecraft completed interface testing, and instruments are now being integrated into the satellite. In 

addition, the Limb sensor of the Ozone Mapping and 

Profiler Suite was added back to NPP, and NOAA is 

working with the Office of Science and Technology 

Policy and the Office of Management and Budget to 

remanifest climate sensors on NPOESS or other satellites. 

Satellite Operations 

and Data Management 

and Access

NOAA’s Satellite Operations 

Facility Opens

The new home for NOAA’s around-the-clock environmental satellite operations officially opened on June 

11, 2007. This was the climax of years of planning 

to ensure continuity of operations during the move 

from the old facility. Top leaders from NOAA and the 

U.S. General Services Administration and several U.S. 

Congressional representatives, such as Senator Benjamin L. Cardin and Senator Barbara A. Mikulski from 

Maryland, attended the dedication ceremony.

Each day, the NOAA Satellite Operations Facility 

(NSOF) processes more than 16 billion bytes of environmental satellite data from NOAA’s geostationary 

and polar-orbiting spacecraft and the Department of 

Defense’s Meteorological Satellite Program. NOAA’s 

National Weather Service and other agencies use these 

data to track severe weather, to create models for medium and long-range weather forecasts, to observe 

climate change, and to monitor ocean and coastal 

ecosystems. NSOF contains more than $50 million 
6 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

in high technology equipment, including 16 antennas 

that control more than $4.7 billion in environmental 

spacecraft.

Records Set for Data Delivery

NOAA’s data centers, the National Oceanographic 

Data Center (NODC), National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), and National Geophysical Data Center 

(NGDC), had a very successful year with record data 

delivery. The centers totaled 378.60 terabytes in 

2007, which is 37.8 percent higher than the 2006 total 

of 274.69 terabytes. This continued the rapid growth 

of the in situ, radar, satellite, and model data. 

NODC maintains the largest collection of publicly 

available oceanographic data and information in the 

world, including hundreds of millions of records gathered from ocean observation programs conducted over 

the past 150 years. These data document the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the oceans, 

currents, weather, and biota, as observed from ships, 

buoys, and satellites. NODC provides access to these 

data for more than 270,000 users each year, including 

ocean researchers within NOAA, other agencies, and 

academia, environmental program managers, educators, maritime industries, and foreign communities.

NCDC archives billions of meteorological observations, making it the largest climate data center in 

the world. NCDC receives, processes, archives, and 

disseminates surface, marine, upper air, and model 

output data. NCDC serves a large and diverse community, responding to more than one million requests 

per year.

NGDC provides geophysical data products and services that describe the solid Earth, marine, and solarterrestrial environment. NGDC’s data holdings 

contain more than 400 digital and analog databases. 

NGDC’s digital databases hold more than 20 million 

data records.

New Diverse Datasets on CLASS

In 2007, NOAA began a pilot project to use our 

Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System (CLASS), a successful online data management 

system, as long-term secure storage for NOAA’s National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) data archives. The aim of this project is to show that CLASS 

can accommodate not only large-volume satellite data, 

but also more diverse ocean observations and information from in-water instrumentation and numerical 

models. Further development of CLASS will provide 

significant storage capacity and new access tools for 

NOAA’s environmental data archives. As of August 

2007, NODC had sent nearly 3,600 discrete archive 

information packages (groups of data) to CLASS, totaling over 650 gigabytes of data. This volume represents over 8 percent of the formal NODC archive 

holdings.

Improving Satellite Calibration 

With so many sources of weather, climate, and environmental data and information, it is often difficult 

for scientists to compare several datasets because each 

set may be based on different reference standards. 

To address this issue, the World Meteorological Organization sponsored the Global Space-based InterCalibration System (GSICS). This new international 

program is coordinated by NOAA’s Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR). In 2007, 

STAR helped GSICS reach a major milestone, achieving the routine intercalibration of operational instruNOAA’s National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina
2007 Accomplishments Report | 7

ments in low Earth orbit (LEO). Intercalibrating 

satellite instruments results in observations that are 

all tied to common reference standards, thus insuring measurements from one instrument are directly 

comparable to those of other instruments. GSICS activities are focused on the intercalibrating operational 

satellites from the United States, Europe, China, and 

Japan. A GSICS website (www.orbit.nesdis.noaa.

gov/smcd/spb/calibration/icvs/GSICS/index.html) 

has been established that includes near-real-time calibration and intercalibration information.

Global Earth Observation 

System of Systems (GEOSS)

Global Observing Systems Information Center Joins GEOSS Effort

In January 2007, NOAA’s National Climatic Data 

Center transitioned the Global Observing Systems 

Information Center (GOSIC) into a fully operational 

global data facility. This center provides information 

and associated tools to facilitate better access to climate data and information. GOSIC is now working 

with several observing system operators and global 

data centers to provide more effective and efficient access to environmental datasets. This benefits decision 

makers, scientists, and the public by saving time, providing a consistent user interface, and offering metadata, which explains the origin of the actual data.

NOAA Continues Work on Global 

Earth Observation Efforts

In 2007, NOAA continued to support the Global 

Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) by enhancing GEOSS activities in the Western Hemisphere. 

On April 10, 2007, NOAA and the Government of 

Brazil publicly recognized the successful repositioning 

of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-10 (GOES-10) spacecraft as a significant step in 

the realization of GEOSS in the Americas, a Western 

Hemisphere initiative designed to advance the worldwide GEOSS. GOES-10 data is key to continuous 

weather monitoring in forecast centers and airports 

throughout Latin America. The applications are especially important to public health, agriculture, and the 

mapping of renewable energy sources.

GEONETCast Improves Access to 

Data Worldwide

In 2007, NOAA continued its quest to further the development of a Global Earth Observation System of 

Systems through GEONETCast Americas, a regional 

GEONETCast system. GEONETCast is a low cost, 

global, environmental information delivery system 

that will improve worldwide access to satellite and 

in situ data, products, and services through the use of 

communications satellites. With a 24/7 data stream, 

GEONETCast will provide information critical to 

efforts such as disaster mitigation and agriculture 

management. NOAA is coordinating this effort with 

the U.S. Group on Earth Observations, European 

Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological 

Satellites (EUMETSAT), the China Meterological Administration, and the World Meteorological Organization. GEONETCast began operating in November 

2007. Once it is fully operational, this system will 

provide continuous environmental data distribution 

over much of North, Central, and South America and 

the Caribbean.

Monitoring Global Gas Flaring

In cooperation with the World Bank, NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) used low light 

imaging data from the U.S. Air Force environmental 

satellites, called DMSP, to map the global distribution 

of natural gas flaring. The flared natural gas is a byproduct of petroleum production that is released when 

oil is brought to the Earth’s surface. With specialized 

infrastructure, it is possible to bring this by-product 

gas to market or to use it on site. However, many 

remote petroleum production and processing facilities 

lack this capability and flare the gas. This wastes the 

energy that could be derived from this commercial byproduct and adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. 

If all flared gas worldwide were captured, the reduction in carbon dioxide would exceed that called for in 

the Kyoto Protocol. NGDC estimated a 2006 volume 

of 168 billion cubic meters (BCM), 27 percent of the 

The report written for the World Bank, with supporting data, is available at www.ngdc.noaa.gov/

dmsp/interest/gas_flares.html.
8 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

U.S. natural gas consumption in that year and more 

than the combined natural gas consumption of Japan, 

China, and India. The market value of 168 BCM of 

natural gas in the United States in 2006 would have 

been $40 billion. While Nigeria has been widely reported to have the largest volume of gas flaring, the 

satellite data indicate Russia’s flaring volume is more 

than double that of Nigeria. The study, funded by the 

World Bank Global Gas Flaring Reduction initiative, 

expanded the number of countries with reported gas 

flaring volumes from twenty to sixty.

NOAA Satellite and Information 

Service Contributes to the 

International Polar Year 2007-2008

The International Polar Year (IPY) 2007-2008 is a 

worldwide, coordinated research effort focused on 

the polar regions. This is the fourth polar year, following those in 1882, 1932, and 1957. IPY participants 

from over 60 countries are involved in research on 

human health, remote sensing, ecology, biodiversity, 

astronomy, agriculture, economics, climate modeling, 

and history. NOAA Satellite and Information Service is contributing to IPY by providing experimental and operational snow, ice, atmosphere, and space 

products; compiling an IPY bibliography; performing 

research on new satellite products and data assimilation; and leading an effort to evaluate and enhance the 

global cryosphere (snow and ice) observing system to 

support development of the Global Earth Observation System of Systems. Snow and ice data are used 

to improve weather forecasts, manage transportation 

systems, assess water supplies, and predict and mitigate disasters such as avalanches and floods.

The NOAA Central Library launched the “Polar Resources in the NOAA Library Network” website, with 

full-text online access to over 200 historical documents and over 2,000 digital images at www.lib.noaa.

gov/collections/ipy.html. This library has compiled a 

collection of polar information in one location to improve access to polar data useful for researching questions on climate.

8 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service
2007 Accomplishments Report | 9

Managing Our Ecosystem. 

“During 2007, NOAA Satellite and Information Service made significant strides in managing 

the Nation’s ecosystems. Several of these improvements and new programs focused on supporting the Gulf Coast region, monitoring our coral reefs, and enhancing ocean science.”

Visit http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/experimental_products.html or http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/crtr/data_resources.html to 

see the new resources.

Enhancing NOAA’s Coral Reef 

Watch Products 

Many coral reef scientists, resource managers, and 

others around the world use NOAA’s Coral Reef 

Watch (CRW) products to predict and minimize coral 

bleaching. NOAA’s Center for Satellite Applications 

and Research houses all of CRW and provides operational products. In 2007, NOAA enhanced many of 

its CRW products to improve bleaching predictions. 

Coral bleaching is a response to environmental stress 

whereby the colored algae that live in the coral are 

expelled, leaving the coral looking bleached. Bleaching deteriorates the health of coral colonies. NOAA’s 

CRW used the new global 50 km sea surface temperature climatologies to produce near-real-time coral 

bleaching monitoring products. In addition, NOAA 

used its CRW product suite to create regional nearreal-time satellite coral bleaching monitoring products that provide detailed environmental information for areas along Florida’s coastline. Also in 2007, 

NOAA’s CRW released its enhanced Experimental 

Doldrums product, which uses QuikSCAT satellite 

scatterometry-derived winds. The new product identifies regions of sustained low wind speed to help coral 

reef managers and scientists better assess conditions 

that may lead to coral bleaching. Lastly, a new website was developed as a data portal to remote sensing 

datasets, such as ocean surface winds and sea surface 

currents. The focus of this data portal is global, nearreal-time data that is useful to coral reef managers and 

researchers around the world.

Improving Ocean Color Products

NOAA uses ocean color data to provide important information, such as the NOAA Harmful Algal Bloom 

Managing Our Ecosystem 

During 2007, NOAA Satellite and Information Service made significant strides in managing 

the Nation’s ecosystems. Several of these improvements and new programs focused on supporting the Gulf Coast region, monitoring our coral reefs, and enhancing ocean science.
10 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

Bulletins, useful for coastal management and decision 

making. To enhance this capability, NOAA’s Center 

for Satellite Applications and Research scientists developed a new algorithm using the shortwave infrared 

(SWIR) bands from NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor to improve 

ocean color data processing in coastal regions. Data 

from MODIS provides open ocean chlorophyll concentrations and variability using a standard atmospheric correction algorithm for data processing. However, 

in coastal regions, this standard algorithm frequently 

produces significant errors, often the result of turbid 

waters. The new SWIR algorithm addresses this problem and will improve the accuracy of all products derived from ocean color data.

NOAA Offices Support Gulf of 

Mexico Projects

In 2007, NOAA contributed to two Gulf of Mexico 

projects that were built on existing infrastructure to 

improve and enhance access to and dissemination of 

ecosystem data. First, NOAA worked with other 

Federal agencies and state and academic partners in 

the Gulf on the Subcommittee on Integrated Management of Ocean Resources, or SIMOR, Northern 

Gulf of Mexico Data Services Pilot. NOAA’s National 

Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC) developed internet-based data access and delivery for this 

project. NCDDC collected and collated the datasets 

provided by the participating agencies into a unique 

data discovery and access portal. These ecosystem 

datasets are indicators of the health of the Gulf of 

Mexico, and the portal serves as an excellent education venue for the public.

Also in 2007, NOAA helped to update the Environmental Protection Agency-NOAA Harmful Algal Blooms Observing System (HABSOS) website. 

NCDDC developed the HABSOS website in its entirety, including the secure Data Entry Tool and Spanish language version. Developed by U.S. and Mexican 

Federal and state agencies, this website is a data and 

information dissemination tool for the Gulf of Mexico 

that is now available in both English and Spanish. This 

website is a secure data entry tool for collecting cell 

count observations of the algal species Karenia brevis. A 

Karenia brevis bloom, commonly known as a “red tide,” 

can release breve toxins into the water and air that 

can seriously affect the health of people and marine 

life and disrupt local and regional economies. The 

challenge for coastal managers and researchers is to 

monitor, assess, and forecast these events and to minimize the environmental impacts. Data, such as in situ 

observations, surface forecasts, and powerful satellite 

imagery, are entered into the system where they are 

integrated and available for display via the HABSOS 

Internet Mapping Service.

NOAA/NESDIS 50 km Nighttime Sea Surface Temperature (degrees C).
2007 Accomplishments Report | 11

Predicting Climate Variability and Change 

Understanding climate variability and change is critical to many aspects of our daily lives. NOAA 

Satellite and Information Service strives toward this goal through improving access to data for 

scientists, policy makers, and the public and supporting critical climate science.

NOAA Satellite and Information 

Service Scientists Contribute to Nobel 

Peace Prize Winning Effort

On October 12, 2007, the Nobel Peace Prize was 

awarded to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate 

Change (IPCC) and former Vice President Al Gore, 

“for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater 

knowledge about man-made climate change, and to 

lay the foundations for the measures that are needed to 

counteract such change.” Several NOAA Satellite and 

Information Service scientists and staff members contributed to this accomplishment, serving as lead and 

contributing authors for IPCC reports: Dr. Thomas 

Karl (National Climatic Data Center [NCDC]) was the 

IPCC Review Editor; Dr. David Easterling (NCDC), 

Dr. Thomas Peterson (NCDC), and Mr. Sydney Levitus (National Oceanographic Data Center [NODC]) 

were IPCC Report Lead Authors; and Dr. John Antonov (University Corporation for Atmospheric Research 

[UCAR] Visiting Scientist at NODC), Mr. Tim Boyer 

(NODC), Dr. Hernan Garcia (NODC), Mr. Byron 

Gleason (NCDC), Dr. Pavel Groisman (UCAR Visiting 

Scientist at NCDC), Mr. Jay Lawrimore (NCDC), Dr. 

Eric Leuliette (Center for Satellite Applications and 

Research [STAR]), Dr. David Levinson (NCDC), Dr. 

Russell Vose (NCDC), and Mr. David Wuertz (NCDC) 

were Contributing Authors. This Nobel Peace Prize 

highlights how important ocean and climate research 

are to the global community and recognizes the key 

contribution made by NOAA Satellite and Information Service.

Investigating the Influence of Ocean 

Salinity and Fresh Water Distribution 

on Climate 

In 2007, NOAA’s National Oceanographic Data Center scientists studied the relationship between salinity and freshwater distribution in the North Atlantic 

over the past half century using both in situ data and 

an ocean circulation model. This relationship is an essential aspect of the global climate system, and variations can impact global climate change. Their find-
12 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

ings, published in three papers in 2007, showed that 

net precipitation, precipitation minus evaporation plus 

melted ice, has a strong influence on the salinity distribution in the North Atlantic Ocean. This, in turn, 

has a strong influence on the strength of the overturning circulation in that ocean. As surface waters 

become less saline, over-turning circulation weakens 

(and vice versa). This over-turning circulation is a 

component of the global ocean salinity conveyor belt, the 

system of currents that link the different ocean basins; 

and increased salinity in the North Atlantic can lead 

to downstream changes in over-turning circulation 

in the North Pacific. Such circulation changes affect 

the amount of heat the ocean moves from one part 

of the globe to another, and variations in this amount 

can cause changes in seasonal weather patterns around 

the world. The results of this research are useful for 

verifying the accuracy of climate change prediction 

models and will improve our understanding of the 

global climate system and how to predict and respond 

to climate change.

Working to Provide Drought 

Information

Drought events have far reaching impacts on many 

aspects of our daily lives, from water management 

to health to energy consumption and conservation. 

To mitigate these impacts, on November 1, 2007, 

NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center, working with 

other parts of NOAA and other Federal agencies and 

countries, unveiled a new, interactive website that allows the public and civic managers to monitor U.S. 

drought conditions, get forecasts, assess the impacts 

of drought on their communities, and learn about possible mitigation measures. Called the U.S. Drought 

Portal, the www.drought.gov site was developed as 

part of the National Integrated Drought Information 

System (NIDIS). NIDIS is a dynamic and accessible 

drought-risk information system that was created in 

response to extended drought conditions, especially 

in the Western United States, over the past decade. 

The U.S. Drought Portal will be useful to other countries around the world as nations work to coordinate drought preparedness, response, mitigation, and 

recovery activities.

Reporting the State of the Climate

Periodic reporting on the state of our climate is essential to understanding the Earth’s climate system 

and its influence on human health, safety, and welfare. 

To meet this need, NOAA’s National Climatic Data 

Center led the development of the annual State of the 

Climate report, published in the June 2007 issue of 

the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. While 

observed changes in the Earth’s climate have been well 

documented, there remains much we do not know 

about how future climate changes will affect societies 

and economies of developed and developing nations 

and how changes in one part of the climate system will 

influence other aspects of climate. Climate reports 

assist policy makers and resource managers in making 

informed decisions to respond to natural variations 

and changes in the frequency, intensity, and location 

of extreme events brought about by climate change. 

The annual report is a summary of global climate conditions for the year. It will be translated by the World 

For more information on the State of the Climate 

report, visit www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/

research/state-of-climate.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 13

Meteorological Organization (WMO) into French 

and Spanish for wider distribution to WMO member 

countries. 

Argo Float Data Now Available on 

Google EarthTM

The Argo Ocean Profiling Network is a global array 

of 3,000 free-drifting profiling floats. These floats 

collect and transmit pressure, temperature, salinity, 

and geographic location data. As part of an ongoing 

partnership, NOAA’s National Oceanographic Data 

Center has made these important Argo data available 

through Google EarthTM, an online tool that allows 

users to navigate the globe to view float locations, select a specific float, and download data from that float 

within hours after collection. This type of information 

is useful for short- and long-term climate predictions 

and for studies of the interaction between the oceans 

and climate. Increasing access to Argo data will permit continuous monitoring of the state of the ocean by 

scientists and the public.

Climate Data Modernization Program 

Rescues Data

Climate science has advanced considerably during the 

last two decades, yet much climate data is not readily 

available to government and private sector users. To 

make data more widely available, NOAA’s National 

Climatic Data Center (NCDC) manages the Climate 

Data Modernization Program (CDMP). Through this 

program, NCDC rescues data by transitioning paper 

and microform archives into electronic form. Since 

it started in 1999, CDMP has placed over 52 million 

weather and environmental images online. In 2007, 

CDMP performed 58 NOAA data rescue projects that 

resulted in the creation of over seven terabytes of digitized climate data records available online. Access to 

these historic data allows decision makers to create 

sound plans for the future.

Records Set for Data Access, NOAA 

Virtual Data System

During 2007, NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center 

focused on implementing system upgrades to handle 

the rapidly increasing amount of in situ, radar, satellite, and model data to be handled. New software and 

online services include: numerous geographic information system (GIS) enhancements; a new National 

Solar Radiation Database; and surface data “climograms,” which are color graph displays that show the 

frequency distributions of various parameters. The 

new products and services provide many benefits to 

decision makers and the public, such as enhanced and 

more efficient data discovery via GIS services, reducing the time required to determine data availability; 

easy online access to solar radiation data such as solar 

energy studies and heating and cooling loads for buildings; and comprehensive images that include over 

100,000 weather observations for a location.

For more information on CDMP, visit www.ncdc.

noaa.gov/oa/climate/cdmp/cdmp.html.
14 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

Providing Weather and Water Information 

In 2007, NOAA Satellite and Information Service continued to serve society’s weather and 

water information needs by providing data for forecasting, monitoring, and preparing for weather 

events including hurricanes and tsunamis.

Expanding the Digital Elevation 

Model Network

Digital elevation models (DEMs) are a critical foundation for tsunami forecasting and modeling efforts at the 

NOAA Center for Tsunami Research. To expand the 

DEM networks and support this NOAA-wide effort, 

NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) 

developed 11 high-resolution DEMs in 2007. DEMs 

are gridded representations of Earth’s surface and are 

designed to improve forecasting for early tsunami 

warning systems and for predicting inundation due to 

tsunami, storm surge, and rainfall flooding in coastal 

areas. DEMs provide essential information for local 

and state emergency planning and response. The new 

DEMs are for King Cove, Alaska; Kawaihae, Hawaii; 

La Push, Washington; Garibaldi, Oregon; Montauk, 

New York; Daytona Beach, Florida; Atlantic City, New 

Jersey; and Fajardo, Ponce, Arecibo, and Guayama, 

Puerto Rico. Also in 2007, NGDC created a webbased interactive geospatial portal for locating DEMs. 

The “DEM Discovery Portal” makes it easier for researchers to locate, preview, and download DEMs. 

The portal displays a world map showing the area of 

coverage for each DEM and associated images.

Advances in Monitoring Smoke 

Plumes and Air Quality

In 2007, NOAA’s Center for Satellite Applications and 

Research launched a newly developed smoke product 

using data from NOAA’s Geostationary Operational 

Environmental Satellite (GOES) Imager. This enhanced capability combines aerosol measurements and 

hot spot detection, allowing for more detailed images. 

Smoke from wildfires leads to significant air pollution 

and deteriorates air quality. This smoke injects large 

amounts of aerosols into the atmosphere, which are 

To access the DEM Discovery Portal visit

www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/dem/demportal.html.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 15

The sequence of daily composite Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) imagery from operational GOES-12 Imager shows a wildfi re event in 

Georgia. The event began in late April and lasted into mid May 2007, resulting in widespread haze from smoke (areas in map with bright 

red color).

detrimental to human health and the economy. For 

example, smoke plumes can cause upper respiratory 

problems that can result in increased emergency 

hospital visits and higher healthcare costs. Satellite 

instruments, such as NOAA’s GOES Imager, detect 

and track the movement of these smoke plumes. 

NOAA’s National Weather Service uses this new 

GOES smoke product in its smoke forecast verification system. Air quality forecasters use GOES aerosol imagery and other air quality forecasting tools to 

warn the public of elevated smoke concentrations so 

preventive measures can be taken. 

Annular Hurricane Index Becomes 

Operational

Annular hurricanes, a special subset of hurricanes, 

present a significant challenge to forecasters because 

they have highly circularly-symmetric structures, 

large eyes, and few to no outer rain bands. Annular 

hurricanes tend to be significantly stronger, maintain 

their peak intensities longer, and weaken more slowly than average hurricanes. These characteristics result in forecasts that underestimate storm intensity, 

which can be particularly dangerous if the hurricane 

threatens land. To try to improve annular hurricane forecasts, scientists from NOAA Satellite and 

Information Service and the Cooperative Institute 

for Research in the Atmosphere at Colorado State 

University developed the Annular Hurricane Index 

(AHI). This index provides real-time objective idenA color-enhanced infrared satellite image of Hurricane Flossie on August 13, 

2007. Blue, green, and red colors indicate the coldest cloud tops associated 

with the strong thunderstorms near the storm center. At the time of this image, 

Hurricane Flossie was an annular hurricane, with a large symmetric eye and 

very few outer rain bands.
16 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

This GOES-12 1 kilometer visible 

imagery, taken on September 13, 2007, 

shows Tropical Storm Humberto located 

west-northwest of Lafayette, Louisiana.

tification of annular hurricanes. AHI uses geostationary infrared satellite imagery and environmental fields 

from global forecast model analyses to determine the 

degree of annular structure in a hurricane. This index 

was implemented operationally at NOAA’s National 

Hurricane Center in Miami for the 2007 hurricane 

season. It performed well and correctly identified 

eastern Pacific Hurricane Flossie as an annular hurricane as it approached the island of Hawaii on August 

13, 2007. With the success of AHI, forecasters now 

have a valuable new tool for improving intensity forecasts for these rare, but strong, storms.

Predicting Tropical Rainfall Potential 

Satellite based analysis of heavy rainfall potential from 

tropical systems is integral to determining the magnitude and extent of flooding from these systems. The 

Tropical Rainfall Potential (TRaP) product, which 

was completely automated in 2007 by NOAA’s Office of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution, is an 

objective analysis of the amount of rainfall associated 

with tropical systems. This product has provided significantly more information to customers around the 

globe and has increased the availability of rainfall potential guidance using a greater number of microwave 

instruments. In addition, the TRaP customer portal 

was redesigned to simplify and increase the efficiency 

of information searches and display capabilities for 

users.

Cooperating with the French Space 

Agency on Argos

Since 1978, NOAA and the French Space Agency 

(CNES) have administered the Argos program, which 

provides global data collection services of environmental data. The Argos system has been used to collect data from ocean profiling floats and fixed ocean 

buoy arrays and to track wildlife migrations. There 

are over 17,000 active Argos platforms. In 2007, in 

response to customers’ needs and a nearly 15 percent 

growth rate in Argos data platforms, NOAA and CNES 

increased bandwidth and communications to significantly improve Argos system capabilities. This greatly 

increased the system’s effectiveness and efficiency for 

all users. NOAA and CNES also developed a plan to 

manage user costs over the next seven years and to 

jointly contribute resources to the new mission, provided by the India Space Research Organization. By 

2015, users will realize the benefits of these cost savings, projected at $1.5 million, and NOAA anticipates 

this new mission will become a key component of the 

multilateral Global Earth Observation System of Systems.

16 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service
2007 Accomplishments Report | 17

Supporting Commerce and Transportation

Several NOAA Satellite and Information Service programs help to ensure that individual and commercial transportation is safe, efficient, and environmentally sound.

The COSPAS-SARSAT System 

NOAA’s polar-orbiting and geostationary satellites, 

along with Russia’s COSPAS spacecraft, are part of the 

high-tech, international Search and Rescue SatelliteAided Tracking System, called COSPAS-SARSAT. In 

2007, 353 people were rescued in the United States 

because of this system. For example, four people in 

Lake Michigan were saved when a powerful storm 

knocked out communications on their boat, which 

was running low on fuel, and four people and a dog 

were pulled to safety from their sinking boat near 

Kanatak, Alaska. After 25 years of operation, the 

COSPAS-SARSAT system has contributed to saving over 22,000 lives worldwide because it quickly 

detects and locates distress signals from emergency 

beacons on ships, aircraft, and handheld devices. The 

NOAA SARSAT Team operates from the new, state-ofthe art NOAA Satellite Operations Facility, processing 

signals and alerting the appropriate search and rescue 

authorities.

Improving the Accuracy of Magnetic 

Navigation

Magnetic variations in the rock of the Earth’s crust 

can cause significant issues for navigation. To address 

these problems, in 2007 NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center, supported by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, developed a high-resolution 

model of the Earth’s crustal magnetic field that has 

significantly improved the accuracy of navigation. This 

model, which was built using satellite, marine, aeromagnetic, and ground magnetic surveys worldwide, 

reduces directional errors caused by the crustal magnetic field. The Earth’s main magnetic field is used by 

navigation systems in cars, small boats, and aircraft. 

In addition, NOAA uses magnetic field information 

for nautical and aeronautical charting and to orient 

satellites after launch. This new model significantly 

improves compass and Global Positioning System navigation. More accurate navigation benefits both the 

civilian and military sectors.
18 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

Providing Historic Magnetic 

Declination Information

As the Earth’s magnetic field changes, the magnetic 

coordinates of a particular spot on the Earth’s surface, called the magnetic declination, change as well. 

In 2007, NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center 

introduced the new online U.S. Historic Declination 

Calculator. This tool provides fast and easy access to 

magnetic declination going back to 1750. This calculator allows users to search by zip code and dates of 

interest. It is popular among land surveyors, pilots of 

small aircraft and boats, and researchers. If, for example, a surveyor is trying to find a specific property 

boundary using a map from the 1900s, he or she can 

use historic magnetic declination information from 

this calculator to correct for changes in magnetic declination over time at the location.

Partnering with Southeast Asia to 

Monitor Wildfires

In the United States, scientists use the Hazard Mapping 

System (HMS) to detect, identify, and analyze large 

wildfires and smaller-scale burning events. In 2007, 

NOAA Satellite and Information Service scientists 

worked closely with scientists from the King Mongkut 

Institute in Bangkok, Thailand, to develop and adapt 

HMS and provide HMS training so they could analyze 

fires and smoke over Thailand and surrounding territories. HMS information is useful for creating smoke 

trajectory models that monitor regions of decreased 

air quality, ensuring safe and efficient air and maritime travel and commerce. NOAA Satellite and Information Service and the Institute are establishing a 

Southeast Asian Satellite-based Fire Mitigation Center, 

which will detect and mitigate wildfires and smoke 

episodes over Southeast Asia. These initiatives are a 

continuation of NOAA Satellite and Information Service’s support for international partnerships and the 

Global Earth Observation System of Systems. 

Improving GPS Accuracy

Active electrons in the atmosphere cause issues for the 

Global Positioning System (GPS) by delaying signals 

traveling toward Earth. To address this problem and to 

increase GPS accuracy, NOAA’s National Geophysical 

Data Center launched the U.S. Total Electron Content 

(US-TEC) product in June 2007. This product, which 

took several years to develop, provides measurements 

of the ionosphere’s TEC. US-TEC provides measurements of the delay magnitude for different GPS satellites at different times of day. US-TEC products and 

information allow GPS users to obtain more accurate 

positions with their standard GPS receivers. The USTEC product contains GPS data from the Continually 

Operating Reference Stations, the International GPS 

Services, and GPS/Met networks to estimate vertical 

and slant TEC every 15 minutes.

Office of Space Commercializtion 

Continues to Foster Economic 

Growth

NOAA’s Office of Space Commercialization (OSC) 

conducts space commerce policy activities within NOAA. Its mission is to promote the economic 

growth and technological advancement of the U.S. 

commercial space industry. To further define its mission, goals, and objectives, OSC released its Strategic 

Plan in April 2007. Under this plan, OSC will assist 

commercial space companies in their efforts to do 

business with the U.S. government, seek to remove 

institutional impediments to space commerce, and increase awareness of opportunities to promote private 

sector investment in U.S. space commerce. In recognition of OSC’s importance, the White House submitted proposed legislation titled “Space Commerce Act 

of 2007” in October 2007 to clarify and update the 

roles and responsibilities of the Office. 

The U.S. Historic Declination Calculator is available 

at www.ngdc.noaa.gov/seg/geomag. 

Real-time US-TEC output is available at www.sec.

noaa.gov/ustec, and historical data can be found 

at www.ngdc.noaa.gov/stp/IONO/USTEC.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 19

Working to Promote the U.S. Global 

Positioning System

One of NOAA’s Office of Space Commercialization’s 

(OSC’s) major responsibilities is to promote growth 

in the U.S. commercial space industry. As host of the 

National Coordination Office for Space-Based Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT), OSC continued to manage GPS.gov and PNT.gov. GPS.gov 

illustrates the broad variety of Global Positioning System (GPS) applications. During 2007, OSC worked 

with the State Department to expand the audience for 

this site by translating it into four languages (Spanish, 

French, Chinese, and Arabic). PNT.gov disseminates 

public information about GPS/PNT policy matters. 

In 2007, OSC more than doubled the amount of content posted to PNT.gov, attracting some 120,000 visits 

between January and September 2007. Finally, OSC 

opened the “GPS Adventures” exhibit in June 2007 at 

the Minnetrista Cultural Center in Muncie, Indiana, to 

a crowd of GPS enthusiasts that broke the museum’s 

record for opening day attendance.

Contours of Total Electron Content and location of observing stations.

2007 Accomplishments Report | 19
20 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

NESDIS Community

While working to further the NOAA mission by supporting and enhancing existing programs and 

developing new technologies, NOAA Satellite and Information Service also looks for opportunities 

to strengthen our community.

Supporting the NOAA Graduate 

Sciences Program

The NOAA Graduate Sciences Program (GSP) is designed to offer full-time students with Bachelor’s or 

Master’s degrees in mathematics, science, economics, 

and engineering entry-level employment and educational training and research experience in atmospheric, environmental, and oceanic 

sciences and remote sensing 

technology. This program is 

also targeted toward women 

and minorities. Students are 

mentored by NOAA scientists 

while conducting research. 

NOAA’s Educational Partnership Program is pleased to announce two GSP participants, 

Dr. Marco Vargas and Ahira 

M. Sánchez-Lugo, joined the 

NOAA Satellite and Information Service full time in 2007. 

Marco Vargas completed his Doctorate Degree in 

Electrical Engineering, specializing in remote sensing, in January 2007. A full-time employee at NOAA 

Satellite and Information Service’s Center for Satellite and Applications Research, Dr. Vargas’s dissertation, titled “Improved Retrieval of Water Leaving 

Members of the NOAA Graduate Sciences Program: Dr. Marco Vargas, show left, and Ahira M. Sánchez-Lugo, right.
2007 Accomplishments Report | 21

Reflectance and Chlorophyll in Coastal Productive 

Waters,” is an effort to improve coastal remote sensing. His results are in press in Applied Optics. Dr. 

Vargas’s fascination with remote sensing was spurred 

by the images of the Earth taken by astronauts during space missions. In his post at NOAA Satellite and 

Information Service, he is studying the phenology of 

phytoplankton using satellite ocean color observations. He is also working on validating a new algorithm to calculate snow water equivalent, the amount 

of liquid water contained in a volume of solid snow, 

from satellite microwave measurements.

Ahira M. Sánchez-Lugo completed her Masters Degree 

in Meteorology in March 2007. Ms. Sánchez-Lugo is a 

full-time employee at NOAA’s National Climatic Data 

Center (NCDC). Her thesis, titled “An Index to Measure the Influences of Climate on Residential Natural 

Gas Demand,” investigated the relationship between 

daily temperature fluctuations and residential natural 

gas usage. Her research focused on the winter months 

when residential demand is dominated by heating. At 

NCDC, Ms. Sánchez-Lugo is working on State of the 

Climate reporting and developing climate Indices. 

She also assists in the development and maintenance 

of NCDC Climate Monitoring Branch databases and 

products and interacts with media representatives and 

the public. 

NOAA Satellite and Information 

Service Recognized for Gulf of Mexico 

Educational Sheet 

In 2007, NOAA’s National Coastal Data Development Center won second place in the Youth/Education category for designing and publishing the NOAA 

Extreme Weather Information Sheet (NEWIS) in a 

contest sponsored by the Gulf of Mexico Program 

Partnership. The Gulf of Mexico Program Partnership 

developed the Gulf Guardian Awards to recognize and 

honor businesses, people, and agencies taking positive 

steps to keep the Gulf healthy, beautiful, and productive. NEWIS provides critical emergency information tailored for the coastal parishes and counties in 

Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, Texas, and Florida. 

NEWIS is menu-style, double-sided, color, laminated, 

and water-proofed. The sheet contains emergency 

and general contact information for NOAA Weather, 

Coastal, and Marine services, as well as related information for other Federal, state, and local agencies and 

nongovernment organizations, including information 

on first responders. NEWIS was delivered to a variety of locations within each county/parish. In 2007, 

NOAA Satellite and Information Service produced 

130,000 NEWIS for distribution in the five states.

2007 Accomplishments Report | 21
22 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

2007 Administrator’s Awards

NESDIS Nominations

Larry W. Carr, NCDC

For improving logistical, property, supply, and procurement support for 

the National Climatic Data Center and NOAA, including managing personal property accounts valued in excess of $4 million, located in six 

separate states.

Paul S. Chang, STAR

For leading the development of the fi rst global ocean wind vector retrievals from the fi rst passive polarimetric satellite microwave sensor, 

enabling operational observations.

Paul E. Pegnato, CFO/CAO, MOAO

For technical expertise and leadership as NOAA Project Manager for the 

construction and outfi tting of the NOAA Satellite Operations Facility.

Anna Fiolek, NODC

For compiling “International Polar Year 2007-2008: Resources on Polar 

Research in the NOAA Central Library Network: A Selected Bibliography,” a comprehensive resource containing over 1,400 citations.

David H. Levinson, NCDC

Michael F. Squires, NCDC

For conducting a research study that established new meteorological 

criteria used in setting engineering standards for the rebuilding of hurricane and fl ood protection infrastructure for southern Louisiana.

Denise R. Sylvester, NGDC

LCDR Gregg Glover, NMAO

Carla J. Moore, NGDC

Ted Habermann, NGDC

For designing and deploying a standards-based data tracking system 

that provides the National Geophysical Data Center with a centralized 

management tool for recording processing lineage.

Nominations submitted by other offi ces

Matthew J. Menne, NCDC

Claude N. Williams, Jr., NCDC

This is a National Weather Service group nomination. For conceiving the original idea, developing the scientifi c process, designing and 

testing the product, and implementing the Local 3-Month Temperature 

Outlook: NOAAs ‘fi rst’ local climate forecast product designed to meet 

a wide range of customer needs.

Timothy W. Owen, NCDC

This is a National Weather Service group nomination. For creating new 

climate information products and services in response to increasing 

customer requests so that local and national decision makers can make 

economically, socially, and environmentally sound choices.

2007 NOAA Gold Medals 

NESDIS Nominations

Paul S. Chang, STAR

Eugene D. Legg, OSDPD

Hugh D. Cobb III, NWS

Roger T. Edson, NWS

James L. Franklin, NWS

Richard D. Knabb, NWS

Kevin Schrab, NWS

Joseph M. Sienkiewicz, NWS

For leading NOAA’s operational use of NASA’s QuikSCAT satellite to 

produce more accurate forecasts and warnings of marine and coastal 

weather.

Christopher W. Brown STAR

Kent H. Hughes, STAR

Eugene D. Legg, OSDPD

Linda Stathoplos, OSDPD

Mary E. Culver, NOS

Richard Paul Stumpf, NOS

For creating NOAA’s fi rst operational satellite ocean biology product 

system to improve NOAA’s ocean and coastal forecasts and warnings.

Gold Nominations submitted by other offi ces

Thomas R. Karl, NCDC

Thomas C. Peterson, NCDC

Russell S. Vose, NCDC

Richard William Reynolds, NCDC

This is an Offi ce of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research group nomination. For improving the understanding of observed climate change and 

causes by showing that global average atmospheric warming is similar 

to surface warming.

2007 NOAA Silver Medals

NESDIS Nominations

Christopher D. Elvidge, NGDC

For developing a technique to estimate current and historic rates of 

natural gas fl aring through an effective use of satellite imagery data.

Cheng-Zhi Zou, STAR

For developing a calibration technique breakthrough enabling detection of reliable long-term atmospheric temperature trends from satellite 

data.

W. Paul Menzel, retired - formerly with STAR

Eileen M. Maturi, STAR

Donald G. Gray, OSD

Xiangqian Wu, STAR

Richard William Reynolds, NCDC

Kent H. Hughes, STAR

John Frederick Sapper, OSDPD

Jeffrey J. Polovina, NMFS

Gary Lee Hufford, NWS

For using geostationary satellite data to create hourly sea surface temperatures that have expanded understanding of ecosystems, weather, 

and climate.

2007 NOAA Bronze Medals

NESDIS Nominations 

Ken Knapp, NCDC 

For analyzing terabytes of data from 18 different satellites from more 

than 20 years of observations in order to create climate data records 

on hurricane trends and improve the understanding of climate variability 

and change. 

22 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service
2007 Accomplishments Report | 23

Mark DeMaria, STAR

Antonio Irving, OSDPD

Nancy Merckle, OSDPD

John A. Knaff, STAR

For the development and operational implementation of the Tropical 

Cyclone Formation product that quantitatively predicts storm formation 

probability.

Janice A. Beattie, NODC

Dorothy Anderson, OCIO 

Anna Fiolek, NODC

John McDonough, OAR

Betsy Schenck-Gardner, NODC

Donald W. Collins, NODC 

Steven Rutz, NODC

Sharon M. Mesick, NODC

George F. Sharman, NGDC

Eric Roby, NODC

Julie A. Bosch, NODC

For developing a unique, end-to-end data management system to 

organize, archive, and disseminate ocean exploration information for 

researchers and the public.

Thomas Schott, OSD

David A. Benner, OSDPD 

Antonio Irving, OSDPD

Selina M. Nauman, OSDPD

Brian Hughes, OSDPD

Eileen Maturi, STAR

Hank Drahos, STAR

For developing and implementing processes to shorten the transition 

of satellite products from research to operations to meet critical user 

needs.

Timothy W. Owen, NCDC 

Nathaniel Guttman, NCDC

Karsten Shein, NCDC

Robert E. Livezey, NWS

Robert J. Leffl er, NWS

Michael J. Brewer, NWS

Myron Berger, NWS

Douglas Kluck, NWS

Timothy Kearns, NWS

Andrea Bair, NWS

For greatly improving climate data services and data management 

through enhanced collaboration between NOAA and its climate service 

partners.

Offi ce of Satellite Operations (OSO)

Offi ce of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution (OSDPD)

Offi ce of Systems Development (OSD)

For coordinating the logistics and movement of more than 500 people, 

as well as highly sensitive operational equipment, to a new facility—the 

NOAA Satellite Operations Facility—without interrupting the 24/7 operations of 16 on-orbit satellites. 

Bronze Nominations submitted by other offi ces

Stephen DelGreco, NCDC

Timothy W. Owen, NCDC

This is a National Weather Service group nomination. For developing 

a paperless system for the collection of COOP data that allows for realtime data integration, quality control, and dissemination.

Paul S. Chang, STAR

This is an Offi ce of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research group nomination. For employing a unique technology to diagnose Hurricane 

Katrina’s winds, a technology needed for surge, wave, intensity, and 

ecosystem modeling efforts.

Antoinette D. Parham, NESDIS AA Offi ce

This is an Offi ce of the Chief Administrative Offi cer group nomination. 

For leading a business process reengineering effort, involving over 

1,300 stakeholders, to strengthen NOAA’s budget, workforce management, and grants functional areas. 

2007 NESDIS Distinguished Career 

Award Recipients 

Janet Wall, NCDC

For providing access for the public to the nation’s climatological data 

through a long-term commitment to exemplary customer service. 

Janice A. Beattie, NODC 

For leadership, enthusiasm, and vision in developing the NOAA Central 

Library and providing information services which support NOAA’s national and international missions. 

Dan Tarpley, retired - formerly with STAR

For pioneering research in Earth surface satellite measurements resulting in new applications and increased users for NOAA’s satellite observations. 

Other Awards

NOAA Team Member of the Month for April 2007

Dr. Tim Mavor, STAR

For successfully developing and implementing the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) sea surface temperature 

daily frontal product.

NOAA Employee of the Month for July 2007

Menghua Wang, STAR

For developing an innovative approach to NASA’s Moderate Resolution 

Imaging Spectroradiometer sensor resulting in signifi cantly improved 

atmospheric correction and more accurate ocean color data products. 

NOAA Team Member of the Month for November 2007

Dr. Lidia Cucurull, NESDIS/NWS

Led the effort at the Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation in conducting testing and exploitation of Constellation Observing System for 

Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) data in the Global 

Forecast System following its launch in April 2006. 

2007 Accomplishments Report | 23
24 | NOAA Satellite and Information Service

Thank you for the achievement!
2007 Accomplishments Report | 25

ANTONIO A. ABADIA STANLEY JOHN ABNEY DIANA L. ABNEY MICHAEL H. ABREU MICHAEL H. ABREU MARY ADAMS ANDREW L. ADKINS ALFREDA M. ALEXANDER ANDREW J. ALLEGRA 

DONALD L. ALLEN KHALID M. ALVI KEITH AMBURGEY DAWN W. ANDERS GLORIA E. ANDERSON DONNA M. ANDERSON DAVID M. ANDERSON MICHAEL J. ANDERSON WILLIAM E. ANGEL 

STEVEN R. ANSARI JIMI ROBERT ANZELC CHARLENE JO APPERSON ANTHONY ARGUEZ JEFFREY D. ARNFIELD STEVEN M. ATKINS ROBERT M. AUNE CAROL A. AUSTIN GLORIA AVERSANO 

SHYAM N. BAJPAI EDWARD M. BAKER CLIFFORD B. BAKER CHARLES S. BAKER CHARLES S. BAKER THOMAS BALDWIN RICHARD T. BALDWIN ANNE O’DONNELL BALL JAMES G. BALLOU WALID 

JUBRAIL BANNOURA OLGA KONSTNTINVNA BARANOVA BRUCE R. BARKSTROM CHRISTOPHER DWIGHT BARNET ALVA J. BARNETTE CELSO S. BARRIENTOS ANDREW D. BARTON JOHN J. BATES 

PATRICIA ANN BAUER BRUCE BAUER ERIC JUDSON BAYLER RUSSELL H. BEARD JANICE A. BEATTIE MICHAEL R. BEAVIN CALVIN TREVOR BECK THOMAS WILLIAM BECKER KATHY P. BELFIELD 

TONI DENISE BELLAMY PHYLLIS BELLAMY PATRICK S. BELOTE DAVID ARTHUR BENNER KEVIN N. BERBERICH EUGENE J. BERRY PAULA E. BERRY MARGARET E. BIGGERSTAFF FREEMAN B. BLACKWELL, JR. ILISSA BLECH BRIAN G. BLOEDEL HAL J. BLOOM MATTHEW W. BODOSKY JULIE A. BOSCH LISA DIANE BOTLUK SID AHMED BOUKABARA DAVID P. BOWMAN KANDIS Y. BOYD 

THOMAS LEROY BOYD TIMOTHY PAUL BOYER CAROLYN C. BRADFORD JAMES E. BRADY TIMOTHY L. BRANCH TESS B. BRANDON DOUGLAS D. BRAUER DEBRA S. BRAUN CAROL JANE BREGER 

DARBIE L. BRIDGETT MARK S. BRIELE DANNY E. BRINEGAR RANDAL B. BRINKER BARBARA D. BROOKS TODD HOWELL BROOKS DONNISE P. BROOKS RICHARD C. BROOKS LINDA A. BROWN 

WILLIAM O. BROWN JANET M. BROWN CHRISTOPHER W. BROWN ALONZO MCCARROL BROWN CYNTHIA BROWN DOROTHY BROWN DANIEL R. BROWN, JR. ALBERTA BRUNSON JOSEPH 

P. BRUST, JR. JULIE J. BRYANT CHARLES S. BRYANT DONNA S. BUCKLEY CHARLES RODNEY BUCKNER WILLIAM CARY BURKHART THEODORE THOMAS BURLEW, JR. ROBIN SURRETT 

BURRESS MARY R. BURRIS THOMAS R. BUTTON HYRE BYSAL CHERYL A. CALDWELL PATRICK C. CALDWELL LOUIS P. CAMBARDELLA JOHN G. CAMPAGNOLI JOHN S. CANTER CHANGYONG 

CAO SHARON D. CAPPS HILL THOMAS R. CAREY JAN ANITA CARPENTER CHRISTINE MARY CARPINO LILA P. CARR LARRY W. CARR DONALD M. CARROLL WILLIAM ANDREW CARTER PRESTON 

S. CARTER SHIRLEY S. CARTER LILLIAN R. CARTER STEVEN L. CARTER EMILY M. CARTER CHRISTOPHER CARTWRIGHT KENNETH SCOTT CASEY JOSEPH K. CATALAN MICHAEL W. CHALFANT KIMBERLY K. CHAMBERLAIN STANLEY YEE CHING CHAN GORDON MARION CHANCEY PAUL SZE PO CHANG LAURA M. CHAPMAN DOUGLAS C. CHARNOCK, JR. SAM MING SAN CHEN HOMER LEE 

CHERRIX TROY A. CHERRY ROSA MARIE CHIEDI JAE Y. CHOE LUKMAN HIDAYAT CHOLID DEBRA E. CLARK NATHAN BLAINE CLARK DAVID M. CLARK CRAIG A. CLARK JOHNNY R. CLARK, JR. 

PABLO CLEMENTE COLON ERIC C. CLEMONS BERRY K. COLEMAN CARLA L. COLEMAN RICHARD A. COLEY SHARON D. COLLEY RONALD E. COLLINS DONALD W. COLLINS KAY E. COLLINS 

GUSTAVE JULES COMEYNE III LAURENCE N. CONNOR BARBARA COOK DENNIS B. COPE THERESSA D. COREN JUSTIN G. COUTURE ARLENE A. CRAIG MICHAEL L. CRANE VAN D. CRAWFORD 

ANGELA L. CRENSHAW MICHAEL JAMES CRISON DENNIS E. CROCKETT SCOTT L. CROSS JUSTIN A. CROUCH RUBY E. CUBANO MARY L. CUMBERPATCH BRENDA LEE CUMBIE JOHN T. CUSTIS 

JANE ANN D’AGUANNO CAROLYN D’ANTONIO HARRY W. DAHLBERG, JR. KEVIN ANDREW DAILEY DAWN E. DANIELS JAIME MICHAEL DANIELS CHARLES M. DAVIS LYCRETIA DEVONA DAVIS 

JOHN W. DAVIS, JR. GARY K. DAVIS VAUGHN W. DAVIS, JR. TAHARA D. DAWKINS STEPHEN A. DELGRECO CLAUDE D. DELLINGER MARK DEMARIA WILLIAM F. DENIG SUSAN DEVINE HOWARD J. DIAMOND BENJAMIN LOWELL DIEDRICH PAUL M. DIGIACOMO HANJUN DING JOSEPH F. DORFLER JEROME W. DORSEY WARREN FRANCIS DORSEY EVE A. DOUGLAS HENRY F. 

DRAHOS, JR. LISELLE MARIE DRAKE PAULA K. DUNBAR PATRICK D. DUNSTON MICHAEL R. DURAN IMKE DURRE PARMESH H. DWIVEDI RUSSELL DYSON CARLON MARK EAKIN TINA MARIE 

EAST DAVID R. EASTERLING DENNIS E. EBERTS DAVID MICHAEL EDDY MARGARET L. EGGLESTON LEON M. ELLISON STANLEY W. ELSWICK CHRISTOPHER DAVID ELVIDGE MARCUS O. ERTLE 

EDWARD H. ERWIN TERRI J. ESHAM ELIZABETH F. EWELL WAYNE M. FAAS JOHN R. FAUERBACH LISA A. FAUNCE CHARLES J. FENNO CHRISTINE DELORIS FENWICK ANGELA D. FERGUSON 

RALPH R. FERRARO, JR. KATHERINE A. FINCHER ROBERT S. FINSON ANNA FIOLEK JEAN M. FITCH MICHAEL W. FITZMAURICE, JR. DANIEL G. FLANAGAN ROBERT P. FLEEMAN STEPHEN E. FLEMING KAREN E. FLERLAGE LAWRENCE FLYNN TERRI LYNNE FORD BERNADETTE G. FOREMAN ELLIOT L. FOREST DAVID GAY FORSYTH CHRISTOPHER G. FOX DAVID NEIL FRANC DEBORAH L. 

FRANKLIN PHALA L. FRANKS HELEN V. FREDERICK RICHARD W. FREEMAN GREGG W. FROSTROM RICHARD ALAN FULTON DAVID R. FURLONG MICHAEL B. GALEONE GREGORY M. GALLINA 

KEVIN P. GALLO HERNAN EDUARDO GARCIA NANCY CORY GARDNER RICHARD LEWIS GAREY ROBERT DAVID GELFELD HELEN J. GIBSON VICENTE ALVES GILBERTO WALTER J. GLANCE, JR. 

MARY A. GLASER BYRON E. GLEASON, JR. KARIN LYNN GLEASON HILDA S. GOHRBAND MITCHELL D. GOLDBERG DAVID NELSON GOLDSMITH ZACHARY G. GOLDSTEIN STEVEN J. GOODMAN 

GEOFFREY P. GOODRUM LYNN A. GOSS JAMES J. GOUDOUROS TYNA A. GRAHAM VINCENT GRANO AXEL GRAUMANN DONALD G. GRAY JOSEPH P. GREEN TRINA M. GRIFFIN VANESSA 

L. GRIFFIN STEVEN M. GRIFFITH DORIA B. GRIMES PETER L. GRIMM BYRON GRISHAM III WENDY S. GROSS INGRID C. GUCH JAMES J. GURKA JOSE M. GUTIERREZ RAY E. HABERMANN IDA 

MARIE HAKKARINEN BETHANY A. HALE ALAN D. HALL NORMAN F. HALL THOMASE. HALL MARK O. HALL EDWARD C. HAMBLIN MELANIE A. HAMILTON GREGORY R. HAMMER ANDRE 

LAMAR HAMMOND CYNTHIA HAMPTON JING NMN HAN DONG JICK HAN JAY W. HANNA JERRY D. HARDY EMILY D. HARROD DAVID S. HASENAUER JAMES S. HAUGHEY BRENNAN J. HAY 

KESHA D. HAYES KENNETH HAYWOOD ANDREW K. HEIDINGER LISA K. HEILMEIER RICHARD R. HEIM, JR. MICHAEL R. HELFERT SEAN R. HELFRICH GRACE M. HENSLEY DAVID K. HERMRECK 

RHONDA L. HERNDON ROGER W. HEYMANN SHERIDAN L. HILL BRIAN K. HILL DONALD W. HILLGER CONRAD S. HINSON OLIVER DAVID HIRSCHFELD LOUIE E. HOFF CURTIS W. HOLLAND 

MARY BEAN HOLLINGER KAREN ENGLAND HORAN SEYED A. HOSSEINI TAMARA G. HOUSTON JASON L. HOWARD MENG HUAN PAUL E. HUDSPETH PATRICIA A. HUFF BRIAN K. HUGHES 

KENT H. HUGHES PAMELA Y. HUGHES JOHN P. HUGHES BRENDA YOUNG HUMPHRIES ROBINSON STACEY J. HURCOMBE LISA S. HURT TOBY M. HUTCHINGS GLENN M. HYATT ALEXANDER 

IGNATOV JOY A. IKELMAN CHERYL L. INGRAM ANTONIO R. IRVING DAVID CRAWFORD IRWIN NINA L. JACKSON CONRAD G. JACKSON STACI M. JACKSON JONES RUSSELL L. JACOBS RICHARD FLOYD JAMES LAWRENCE S. JAMES STEPHEN J. JANOSKI SARAH A. JENKINS MICHAEL D. JENSEN JOHN A. JENSEN MATTHEW ANTON JOCHUM ROMONTE E. JOHNSON DAPHNE R. 

JOHNSON GREGORY P. JOHNSON DENNIS L. JOHNSON PHILLIP STEPHEN JOHNSON CHERYL MAE JOHNSON QUEEN E. JONES MARIA N. JONES CHARLES KADIN THOMAS R. KARL CYNTHIA 

B. KARL NEAL KERMIT KASKE MARIAN ELLEN KATZ MARILENE S. KAZIOR KATHLEEN A. KELLY JAMES S. KETCHUM, JR. JEFFREY R. KEY JAMIE MATTHEW KIBLER MARY E. KICZA ERIC A. KIHN 

JASON Y. KIM DONGSOO KIM BEVERLY C. KING CHRISTOPHER S. KINKADE JOHN O. KINSFATHER STEVEN P. KIRKNER THOMAS JOSEPH KLEESPIES JOSEPH C. KLEIN MARY K. KLISCHER JOHN 

ALBERT KNAFF KENNETH R. KNAPP KRISTIN MARIE KNISKERN JOHN M. KOBAR NINA M. KOENICK CHAD E. KOENIG BRENDA KOENIG FELIX KOGAN SHOBHA KONDRAGUNTA CHANDRA R. 

KONDRAGUNTA DANIEL E. KOWAL DANIEL E. KOWAL DANIEL E. KOWAL DANIEL E. KOWAL JOSEPH E. KRAFT JEFFREY A. KROB ANGELA M. KUHN JOHN M. KUHN ROBERT J. KULIGOWSKI SHELDON J. KUSSELSON JOHN P. LA ROCQUE DENNIS M. LACKEY SUSAN M. LADENHEIM JOHANNA S. LANG MARIA M. LARSEN BLAKE L. LASHER ISTVAN LASZLO REGINALD B. LAWRENCE 

JAY H. LAWRIMORE ALEX W. LAWSON, JR. LARRY LEON LEDLOW, JR. SHARON LEDUC RENEE A. LEDUC CLARKE DONNA F. LEFLER RICHARD V. LEGECKIS EUGENE D. LEGG ERIC WESLEY 

LEULIETTE DAVID H. LEVINSON KEITH A. LEVINSON SYDNEY LEVITUS JAMES EDWARD LEWIS XIAOFAN LI KIRK J. LIANG CHRISTINA J. LIEF JOHN LEE LILLIBRIDGE III DANIEL T. LINDSEY 

GEORGE B. LINVILL BRIAN WILLIAM LITTLE ROSS A. LOBLEIN JACK N. LOTT IV SUSAN E. LOVE BROTAK JOHN LOVING KEVIN EUGENE LUDLUM CHARLES R. MACFARLAND BARBARA Z. MACNEILL 

ANN E. MADDEN ERIC J. MADSEN JOANNE MAGOULAS PATRICIA MAHONEY DENNIS J. MAILHOT LESLIE MAIZEL DANIEL J. MANNS DEBRA M. MARCHANT KAREN M. MARKS JAMES M. 

MARTIN, JR. BROOKS D. MASON DEANA M. MASTIN KARON R. MATHEWS EILEEN M. MATURI BILLIE F. MAYBIN PATTY J. MAYO WILFRED E. MAZUR DAVID C. MCADOO GARY PATRICK MCBRIEN 

KIMBERLY IVY MCCARTY MILTON S. MCCOWN LEWIS DAVID MCCULLOCH KENNETH R. MCDONALD DOUGLAS G. MCELREATH ALVIN L. MCGAHEE JOLENE R.H. MCGILL DAVID F. MCGINNIS 

MARJORIE P. MCGUIRK VERNON E. MCINTOSH, JR. KEITH W. MCKENZIE ALITA M. MCKINLEY SUSAN J. MCLEAN ALBERT J. MCMATH, JR. DEAGLAN P. MCNAMARA DONNA P. MCNAMARA CYNTHIA F. MCNUTT ROBERTA ANN MCQUILKIN EILEEN M. MCVEY AJAY N. MEHTA MATTHEW J. MENNE JAMES L. MENTZER FRANK E. MENZER NANCY L. MERCKLE SHARON M. MESICK LAURA 

K. METCALF BARBARA R. METZ DAN R. METZGER ANGELA L. MICHAEL MICHAEL MIGNOGNO SUZETTE M. MILANO SCHOSER SUZETTE M. MILANO SCHOSER LAURENCE L. MILLER EDWARD 

MASON MILLER ERIC JOHN MILLER KAREN L. MILLER BARRY L. MILLS GARY C. MITCHELL FRANCIS J. MITCHELL TSAN MO DEBRA A. MOLENAR LINDA V. MOODIE DANIEL L. MOORE JOHN 

C. MOORE JEANNETTE A. MOORE KELVIN L. MOORE CARLA JEAN MOORE JOHN T. MORAN EDWARD MORRIS JAMES WILBERT MORRIS JOHN P. MORRISROE SCOTT VERNON MOWERY KENNETH P. MUGFORD MARK F. MULHOLLAND DANIEL PETERSON MULLER PATRICIA J. MULLIGAN JOSEPH EDWARD MULLIGAN RONALD W. MUMMA GREGORY S. MUNDY WILLIAM B. MURPHY 

MARILYN MURPHY REGINA ANN MURRAY DERRICK MURRAY WILLIAM STANLEY MUSCOVICH, JR. JAMES BRADLEY MUSSMANN ROBERT A. NAGAN SELINA MARIE NAUMAN CHERYL L. NAVE 

BRUCE H. NEEDHAM RYAN M. NELSON BRIAN R. NELSON TERESA JOHNSON NERO CARL W. NEWLON VIHA THI NGUYEN CATHERINE L. NICHOLS MURRAY L. NICODEMUS WILLIAM F. NOCK 

TEELA D. NORRIS CLINTON J. NORTHROP BRADLEE B. NUNN KIMBERLY K. NYE MARY E. O’CHERY CHRISTOPHER M. O’CONNORS MICHAEL A. O’DELL ERIC J. OGATA JON E. OLSON MICHAEL 

ERNEST ONDRUSEK TIMOTHY WILLIAM OWEN KAREN S. OWEN BONITA S. PAGEL RHONDA J.PALUBA JOHN A. PAQUETTE GREGG ANDREW PARENT ANTOINETTE DENISE PARHAM CECIL A. 

PARIS FREUD POE PARK JAMES THOMAS PARKER ARTHUR ROSS PARSONS SAMUEL M. PATTERSON II CHRISTOPHER R. PAVER MICHAEL J. PAVOLONIS CYNTHIA LYNN PAWLISH ERNEST R. PAYNE 

HERALD ALPHOPSIA PEARSALL VICKI S. PECK MONTY BURDETTE PEFFLEY PAUL ERNEST PEGNATO JESSICA L. PEJSA RONALD PENN JOHN J. PEREIRA JOSEPH M. PEREZ MARLIN O. PERKINS 

JOYCE A. PETERS THOMAS C. PETERSON GARY S. PETTI ROSEMARY PETTIS JOHN R. PHILLIPS SHERI A. PHILLIPS WILLIAM G. PICHEL ROBERT BRADLEY PIERCE LINDA PIKULA KAROL D. PITTMAN 

BRUCE E. PLOTT MICHAEL PORCH ALFRED MERRILL POWELL ALEXANDER S. POZNIAK VIRGINIA M. PRESSLEY JEFFREY L. PRIVETTE KENNETH L. PRYOR PETER J. PYTLOWANY HONGMING QI 

STEVEN R. QUILLEN RONALD R. RADEMACHER BRUCE HARRY RAMSAY TRACEY B. RANDALL ROBERT H. RANK JAMES RAY RONALD D. RAY HENRY J. RAY III ANTHONY L. REALE ROBERT J. 

REDMON GEORGE A. REEDY LETECIA PATRICE REEVES TINA M. REID THOMAS M. RENKEVENS ALAN H. REVELL THOMAS E. REYNOLDS RICHARD WILLIAM REYNOLDS SHARON J. RICH RASHELLE 

H. RICHARDSON DEBORAH B. RIDDLE GEORGE E. RIEFLER BARRY S. RIGGIN DEBORA E. RIVERA CARMELO RIVERA PATRICIA L. RIVOLTA JEFFREY M. ROBEL THOMAS W. ROBERTS DARRELL R. 

ROBERTSON DIANE V. ROBINSON ALAN D. ROBINSON BONITA L. ROBINSON ROBERT LOWELL ROBLIN DONALD E. ROBY JENNIFER E. ROCHESTER CAROL S. ROGERS JOSE MANUEL ROSARIO 

MIGUEL A. ROSARIO FELIX THOMAS F. ROSS DOUGLAS P. ROSS LINDA DEEM RUBIO MARK G. RUMINSKI GLENN KEVIN RUTLEDGE STEVEN RUTZ THOMAS W. RYAN JOSEPH E. SALAZAR 

LINDA DARLENE SALYERS AHIRA M. SANCHEZ PATRICIA A. SANCHEZ JOHN W. SANNS WILLIAM F. SANSON JOHN FREDERICK SAPPER KERRY A. SAWYER CHARLOTTE L. SAZAMA STEVEN A. 

SCHAFFER KAREN D. SCHAFFERT ELIZABETH J. SCHENCK GARDNER WALTER CHARLES SCHLEICHER, JR. KENNETH E. SCHMIDT TIMOTHY J. SCHMIT DAVID C. SCHOOLCRAFT THOMAS B. SCHOTT 

RICHARD G. SCHREITZ ALAN L. SCHWARTZ TAMMY ARLENE SCOTT MARK R. SEIDERMAN LANCE E. SEMAN HILAWE SEMUNEGUS GEORGE N. SERAFINO JANICE SESSING MICHAEL S. SETTLES 

PAUL A. SEYMOUR JOYCE A. SHAFFER HUGH A. SHARKEY AWDHESH KUMAR SHARMA GEORGE F. SHARMAN III EILEEN L. SHEA DUSTIN A. SHEFFLER KARSTEN A. SHEIN JAMES R. SHERIDAN 

LEI SHI LESTER C. SHIPLEY, JR. JOSEPH G. SHIRLEY MAHENDRA B. SHRESTHA AUGUST L. SHUMBERA, JR. HERNAN JAMES SILVA JOHN JOSEPH SIMKO GEORGE M. SINCLAIR, JR. MARGARET L. 

SKEOCH DONNIE ROBERT SLACK MARY E. SLAY MARK O. SLEEPER RICHARD L. SLONAKER CONSTANCE DIANE SLUSSER DEAN L. SMEHIL ALISA BUNDICK SMITH JONATHAN M. SMITH ADAM 

BARRY SMITH WALTER SMITH THOMAS M. SMITH ANGELA DENISE SMITH LAKEL A. SMITH DAVID N. SMITH DAVID P. SMITH ELIZABETH O. SMITH DAVID B. SMITH RHAPSODY RENEE SMITH 

DEARRING THOMAS E. SMITH, JR. IGOR VLADIMIR SMOLYAR MARSHALL STUBBS SMYLY SHARON R. SNEAD ROBERT L. SNEAD, JR. THOMAS V. SNELL NICOLE A. SOLOMON WILLIAM J. SPEIDEL 

JESSE WILLIAM SPEIDEL TERESSA SPENCER ALBERT B. SPENCER, JR. MICHAEL F. SQUIRES KAREN MICHELE ST GERMAIN SUSAN M. STARKE LINDA STATHOPLOS LINDA S. STATLER DAVID N. STEIN 

ERIC F. STENGEL GEORGE STEPHENS SCOTT E. STEPHENS PETER M. STEURER ADELE A. STEVENS JOSEPH W. STINUS DANIEL WALTER STOCKTON JESSE R. STRAND CLIFTON R. STRAUTMAN 

DAVIDA ZARA STREETT KELLY J. STROKER ROBERT F. SUMMERS LEANGCHWAN CHARLES SUN GRACE L. SWANSON DENISE R. SYLVESTER EDWARD VINCENT TABOR CHANG KOU TAI MICHAEL 

D. TANNER KENDRA L. TARVER ALICIA C. TAYLOR LISA A. TAYLOR PAMELA M. TAYLOR ROE E. TERRY GENE R. TERRY MARGARET K. TESSIER ALBERT EMIL THEBERGE, JR. JOHN L. THOMAS 

ADRIENNE M. THOMAS CHARLES W. THOMASON, JR. PATRICIA COLLEEN THOMPSON JEFFREY MARVIN THOMPSON, JR. JOSEPH T. THORNTON TERRANCE ALLAN TIELKING CLARENCE W. TIGNOR 

ARLA BETTINA TILLMAN NICOLAIE TODIRITA MONICA ELENA TODIRITA MICHAEL TOMLINSON ROGER W. TORSTENSON NORWOOD E. TRUITT YO KUNG JOHN TSUI JAUVONNE M. TUCKER 

MICHAEL A. TURK RACHEL K. TURLEY KEVIN L. TURNER KYLE D. TURNER ROBERT N. TYE ERIC D. UNDERHILL DAVID P. URBANSKI MICHAEL L. URZEN JAMES VALENTI MARCO A. VARGAS 

SARA W. VEASEY KATY MARIE VINCENT FREDERICK A. VIZBULIS RUSSELL S. VOSE BRIAN M. VOSS JOYCE N. VOYLES SUDHIR G. VYAS GARY S. WADE ANGELO G. WADE LEESALEE C. WALKER 

JANET S. WALL STEVEN D. WALLACE CAROL WALLACE TIMOTHY JUSTIN WALSH REGIS JOSEPH WALTER, JR. MENGHUA WANG RODNEY VANCE WARD DARLENE N. WARD ANDREW L. 

WARDRETT BARBARA A. WARNICK ROBIN R. WARNKEN DONNA CHRISTIAN WARREN MICHAEL W. WARREN EUNICE FAY WARRINGTON BENJAMIN W. WATKINS CARMELLA DAVIS WATKINS 

PATRICIA ANN WEIR ROGER B. WELDON FUZHONG WENG KAY E. WESTON PHILIP L. WHALEY CHRISTOPHER A. WHEELER SANDRA C. WHITE JOSEPH L. WHITE IV HILERY T. WHITEHURST, JR. 

HARRY DOUGLAS WHITELEY PETER ADAM WILCZYNSKI BRENDA MONA WILKINS DANIEL C. WILKINSON TYRONE LIONELL WILLIAMS LINDSEY B. WILLIAMS STEPHANIE JANINE WILLIAMS LINDA J. 

WILLIAMS DONNA L. WILLIAMS HOWARD F. WILLIAMS KEVIN L. WILLIAMS ALEXANDER FREDDIE WILLIAMS CLAUDE N. WILLIAMS, JR. WAYNE L. WILMOT WILLIAM STANLEY WILSON VERNELL 

M. WOLDU WALTER WILLIAM WOLF WINIFRED F. WOMACK HELEN M. WOOD LENORA MADONNA WOODS CHARLES THOMAS WOOLDRIDGE RUSSELL L. WORMAN ANGELA K. WRIGHT 

VICKIE S. WRIGHT THOMAS M. WRUBLEWSKI XIANGQIAN WU ZHONG N. WU DAVID B. WUERTZ ANGELA P. WYATT MARTIN YAPUR JAMES G. YOE HAN YONG SHAROLYN R. YOUNG 

YUNYUE YU MARGARIDA M. YUAN STEVEN EDWARD ZEGALIA RAYMOND M. ZEHR DAVID F. ZEHR CYNTHIA B. ZEIGLER XIWU ZHAN HUAI MIN ZHANG LIMIN ZHAO CHENG ZHI ZOU