NOAA SATELLITE AND INFORMATION SERVICE

ACCOM
NOAA SATELLITE AND INFORMATION SERVICE 

Our mission is to deliver accurate, timely, and reliable 

satellite observations and integrated products and to provide long-term stewards

global environmental data in support of the NOAA mission.

www.nesdis.noaa.gov

Accomplishments Report Credits | Layout & Artistic Design- Marc Pulliam | Technical Writers- Tara Mairs, Ryan Quick, Paula Goddard 

Special thanks to the NESDIS Communications Team and NESDIS Headquarters Staff for their input and review
Table of Contents

Letter from the Assistant Administrator 1Top 10 Accomplishments 2Weather 8Climate 12Article: Spotlight on the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and Recovery 16Oceans 18Coasts 22 Interview: Helen Wood, NESDIS Senior Advisor 24 Awards 28
Hurricane Karl

This image shows Hurricanes Igor, Julia, and Karl at 1445Z, September 16, 2010. Large and powerful Igor is moving slowly northwestward, Julia is weakening as it moves quickly northwestward over open waters of the eastern Atlantic, and Karl has become a hurricane. A Hurricane Warning has been issued for the Gulf Coast of Mexico.For more satellite imagery like this, please visit: www.nnvl.noaa.gov
Hurricane Igor

Hurricane Julia
Th 

NOAA Satellite and Information Service Deputy Assistant Administrator Charlie Baker, NOAA Administrator Dr. Jane Lubchenco, Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke, and NOAA Satellite and Informatio

Administrator Mary Kicza during Secretary Locke’s visit to Silver Spring.
Letter from the Assistant Administrator: 

Dear Colleagues:Th is has been a challenging year fi lled with extremes—temperature fl uctuations, severe weather, natural disasters, and the oijust to name a few. Our response to these circumstances showcased a workforce steeped in dedication to the mission, the pnatural resources, safety, and the continuity of top-notch service to the Nation.Day after day, decision makers used NOAA’s latest observations and data to aid in a host of disasters we experienced this yearBP Deepwater Horizon oil rig exploded in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, 2010, NOAA Satellite and Information Servi

were on the front lines, using the latest satellite observations to support emergency responders, oil movement forecasts, anTh ey also provided critical information to the response team assembled by the President. NESDIS’s data and services also h

the overall extent and impacts of the spill. Natural disasters such as the catastrophic 7.0 magnitude earthquake in Haiti in January 2010 and the eruption of a volcano u

glacier of Iceland in April 2010 sent ripple eff ects around the globe. NESDIS provided advice and critical data to the U.S. avithe unprecedented closure of North Atlantic and European airspace, and we are currently involved in new international eff ash response. For the Haiti earthquake NESDIS provided data, products, and services such as light detection, satellite imhigh resolution harbor bathymetry to support recovery eff orts.Th is year was also one of weather and climate extremes. In February 2010, the Federal Government closed because of 

Mother Nature that left massive mounds of snow along the east coast and throughout the country. In spite of extreme condoperations and product processing remained fully operational throughout the blizzards as we continued to deliver superior sIn 2010, we were called to respond to unparalleled circumstances. We look back with satisfaction and ahead with vigilance the environmental information we deliver. We endeavor, with our international and domestic partners, to continue to providata, products, and services to the Nation. In a year of extremes, we want to also recognize the extreme dedication, scientifi c astewardship, and distinguished service of NESDIS employees and team members. Th ank you for your time, commitment, eMary E. Kicza

ar in Review

*Offi cially, NESDIS stands for National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service. Informally, NESDIS is also called NOAA Satellite and Inf
Top 10 Accomp

2

First GOES-15 full disk visible image, April 6, 2010; 1733 UTC.
A United Launch Alliance Delta IV rocket lifts off with the NASA/NOAA 

Complex-37 at 6:57 p.m. EST., March 4, 2010.

Launched Newest NOAA Geostationary Satellite: GOES-15On March 4, 2010, NOAA launched the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, GOES-P, from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on a Delta IV Rocket. GOES-P, renamed GOES-15 once it reached fi nal orbit, was placed into orbital storage mode after check-out. GOES-15, the fi nal spacecraft in the latest series of NOAA geostationary satellites, took its fi rst infrared image of Earth on April 26, 2010. GOES-15 will capture high resolution images of weather patterns and atmospheric measurements that help the agency’s forecasters track life-threatening weather—from tornadoes, fl oods, and hurricanes to solar activity that can impact satellite-based electronics and the communications industry. High resolution imagery allows forecasters to pinpoint the location of severe weather with great accuracy. GOES-15 will also provide data for space and solar weather thanks to its Solar X-Ray Imager. GOES-15 will improve forecasts and warnings for solar disturbances, protecting billions of dollars of commercial and government assets in space and on the ground. This vital information will also reduce the eff ects of power surges for satellite electronics and the communications industry. Provided Support during Deepwater Horizon Oil SpillNESDIS aided in the response eff orts for the Deepwater Horizon oil spill by supplying timely and easy access to data, information, and products. The National Oceanographic Data Center’s (NODC’s) Global Temperature-Salinity Profi le Program (GTSPP) group developed and implemented a strategy of providing ocean data for the Gulf Coast on a weekly basis. The group retrieved near-real-time ocean profi le data from the GTSPP Continuously Managed Database for the Gulf of Mexico area; converted these data into user-friendly formats for displaying the data in virtual globe application programs such as Google Earth and NASA’s WorldWind; and populated these subsurface ocean profi le data with other types of NODC data and information holdings. The near-real-time subsurface ocean profi le data includes water temperature and salinity data from nine gliders and water pressure, temperature, and salinity data from eleven autonomous profi ling fl oats. In 

addition, NODC’s National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC) supported the Joint Analysis Group (JAG) for Surface and Sub-Surface Oceanography, Oil, and Dispersant Data—a group with members from NOAA, the 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the White House Offi ce of Science and Technology 

ography, Oil, and Dispersant Dat

ments
Policy. NCDDC acted as the JAG team lead for compiling and processing data 

and observations and created and hosts the JAG Web site. NCDDC, together with the Mississippi/Alabama Sea Grant Program, also created the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Research and Monitoring Activities Database, a single Web site for uploading and accessing information about research and monitoring activities related to the oil spill. The Offi ce of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution’s Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB) issued regular near-real-time satellite-based analyses of surface oil location in the Gulf of Mexico multiple times per day as well as a daily summary. SAB provided data to the National Ocean Service, the U.S. Coast Guard, and many other Federal, State, and local government personnel. 

Provided Critical Information during th

Eyjafj allajökull Volcanic Eruption

In response to the eruption of the Eyjafj allajökuNESDIS began providing near-real-time informatiocloud to the London Volcanic Ash Advisory Centeveloped for the next generation geostationary sadata from the European Organisation for the ExplSatellites’s Spinning Enhanced Infrared and Visible estimates of volcanic ash cloud height, mass loadindata proved critical to tracking and forecasting thvolcanic ash clouds. This Icelandic volcano’s eruptioed closure of North Atlantic and European airspace, travel in the area. Volcanic ash poses a major threat avoided. Expanded U.S. Climate Reference NetwoAfter year-long evaluations and data quality testsData Center (NCDC) formally commissioned the fi ence Network (USCRN) stations in Alaska. USCRacross the Nation that NOAA uses to monitor climkan stations—one located at Sand Point and the ocrease our understanding of how high-latitude ato a rapidly changing climate and provide real-timpublic use. In addition to air temperature and pralso measure solar radiation, surface skin tempeThe two Alaskan stations are the fi rst of what will be ering the ecologically diverse state. In addition, twinstalled at Red Dog Mine and Kenai; following a triod, these are expected to be commissioned in 20only experimental USCRN stations in Alaska. The will establish a high quality climate record that wipolicymaking communities about the rate and chaAlaska—the part of the Nation most susceptible to collected in the brief history of the network has alrethe reliability of U.S. temperature records from long As of September 2010, NCDC has outfi tted 80 of thmoisture and soil temperature sensors that will p

Ash cloud height chart from the Eyjafj allajökull Volcano, Iceland on May 6, 2010.

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sion makers with information to support climate change assessments. These 

sensors will also aid in the Nation’s ability to better monitor, plan for, and respond to drought events as they develop. Soil data from 40 of those sites are now posted on the USCRN Web site at www.ncdc.noaa.gov/crn. The remaining 34 sites will be outfi tted with soil sensors in 2011. In the United States, drought aff ects more people than any other natural hazard. It is one of the most costly phenomena with direct losses, such as lowered agricultural yields and increased water use, that average $6-8 billion each year.Provided Detailed Data on Global WarmingNOAA’s National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) published information in its 2009 State of the Climate Report that showed the Earth’s climate experienced consistently warmer temperatures likely to result in an increase of extreme events, such as severe drought, torrential rain, and violent storms. The 220-page report, released on July 28, 2010, defi ned 10 measurable planet-wide features used to gauge global temperature changes. The relative movement of each of these key indicators proved consistent with global warming. Air temperature over land, sea-surface temperature, air temperature over oceans, sea level, ocean heat, humidity, and tropospheric temperature in the “active-weather” layer of the atmosphere closest to the 

Earth’s surface rose while arctic sea ice, glaciers, and spring snow cover in the Northern hemisphere declined. These data cleared up much public confusion due to misinformation that surrounded climate change.The 2009 State of the Climate Report was a result of the contributions of more than 300 scientists from 160 research groups in 48 countries. Ice and ocean data was collected from diverse sources across the planet including satellites, weather balloons, weather stations, ships, buoys, and fi eld surveys. NCDC led 

the coordination, writing, editing, and publishing of the 2009 State of the Climate Report, which was a special supplement in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.Released NOAA Climate Services PortalWhen the NOAA Climate Services Portal launched in February 2010, NOAA offi cials aimed to make it the “go-to” Web site for anyone wanting access to 

the agency’s climate data, products, and services. Data Center worked with a NOAA team to develop clearly defi ned central point-of-access for climate ilows users to fi nd climate data and information setto them. With thousands of disparate NOAA Web information, NOAA’s Internet presence lacked cohethe-art science, observations, monitoring, and asnifi cantly reduced the time required for customers 

The global average combined land and ocean surface temperature for thwarmest on record. The National Climatic Data Center calculated that Ju(16.2°C), which is 1.22°F (0.68°C) above the 20th century average of 59.9°F 

tion Sea Surface Temperature data shown here plots areas that were warareas cooler than the average in blue, and areas around the average tem
and services. This climate information benefi ts users such as city planners, the 

insurance industry, energy businesses, and State and local governments. The team that developed the portal used a testing and feedback process to collect input from a variety of stakeholders and customers, tailoring the portal for a wide cross-section of users.Supported Haiti Disaster ReliefNOAA’s National Oceanographic Data Center’s National Coastal Data Development Center (NCDDC) provided critical support for recovery eff orts in Haiti after the catastrophic 7.0 magnitude earthquake in January 2010. At the request of the U.S. Navy, NCDDC provided IT support and distributed data for products and services including light detection and ranging survey charts, high resolution harbor bathymetry, and overhead satellite ima

the U.S. Navy, as well as other agencies, to navigaHaiti’s ports. In addition to the U.S. Navy, NCDDC’s pivotal to the Department of Defense, fi rst respondeHaitian government, and other foreign government 

Completed Construction of Fairbanks AOperations Facility NESDIS achieved a major infrastructure milestone ithe construction of the Fairbanks Alaska Satellite Onew operations center for satellite command and completed on September 30, 2010, will support international environmental monitoring satellites, tasets, products, and services to users worldwide. Fairbanks Command and Data Acquisition Station, early 1960s. Modernizing this facility ensures retracking for NOAA far into the future. On a globeconomic interests will continue to benefi t from tcurate information derived from the site’s work. ThFSOF was a shovel-ready project, using approximaRecovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) funds and $complete the project. NESDIS vigorously advocatevided invaluable technical and management expeect. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers oversaw consbetween July 2009 and September 2010. Satellite oFSOF during the fi rst three quarters of FY 2011. Repositioned GOES-12 as the GOES SouIn May 2010, NESDIS repositioned the Geostatiomental Satellite 12 (GOES-12) at 60° West over tinuing critical coverage for the region. GOES-12 was launched in 1997 and decommissioned on Dit had exhausted its fuel, surpassing its original pContinuing cooperation in the region, NESDIS det13 replaced GOES-12 as the operational GOES Eabe moved to support South America. To ensure a analyzed the implications, developed the transitioEast operations would not be impacted, and dev

Fairbanks Alaska Satellite Operations Facility.

Photo courtesy of Larry Ledlow, Jr.

6
plans for informing users, both domestically and internationally, of the satellite changes. NESDIS also developed the GOES-12 South America imaging 

schedules for the instruments. Without a dedicated satellite at 60° West, during extreme weather events in the United States, the GOES East coverage of South America was reduced from every 30 minutes to every three hours. Consequently, South Americans could not track severe weather activity in the Southern Hemisphere. The repositioning of GOES satellites over South America supplies forecasters in South America with more imagery and data to track dangerous storms, including the storms that can trigger potentially deadly mudslides. In addition, the sounders on GOES East are not used over South America, depriving the region of vital datasets. The reassigning of GOES-12 gives South Americans uninterrupted imager data every 15 minutes and sounder data that greatly improve the ability of South Americans to predict and track severe weather events. In addition, this information improves their normal forecasting capabilities. Published the World Ocean Atlas 2009NOAA’s National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) published the World Ocean Atlas 2009, one of the most cited works in climate and oceanographic sciences. Preceding versions of this atlas have been cited approximately 400 times per year. The internationally distributed World Ocean Atlas 2009 includes 

climatological information about temperature, salinity, oxygen, and nutrients for the world’s oceans at selected standard levels. Understanding the role of the ocean as part of Earth’s climate system depends critically on the availability of such climatologies. NODC used oceanographic profi le data from the United States and countries around the world to compile this publication from the “World Ocean Database 2009,” released in November 2009. This database is the largest, most comprehensive collection of scientifi c information about the oceans with records dating as far back as the late 1700s. The 2009 database provides approximately 9.1 million temperature profi les and 3.5 million salinity reports. It also captures 29 categories of scientifi c information from the oceans, including oxygen levels and chemical tracers. It includes information on gases and isotopes that can be used to trace the movement of ocean currents. Climate scientists use the “World Ocean Database” to track 

changing conditions, which adds to the international science community’s 

understanding of global climate change. GOES-12 Full Disk Longwave Infrar
Weather

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Improved Coastal Precipitation Forecasts Using

Geostationary Satellite DataHeavy precipitation associated with severe storms can cause fl ooding and damage to life and property. Accurate predictions of precipitation amounts near coastal areas are often very diffi cult due to our limited understanding of storm development and a lack of applicable computer forecast models. To address this issue, scientists in NOAA’s Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR), Florida State University, and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) assimilated infrared radiances from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 11 (GOES-11) and GOES-12 using the gridpoint statistical interpolation (GSI) analysis system. GSI is an analysis system developed at NCEP that allows for uses of new observational data and produces an optimal initial condition so computer models can generate better forecasts. Th e team’s studies demonstrated that the precipitation amount, especially for severe storm conditions, can be better predicted using GOES-11 and GOES-12 imager radiance data in computer models. GOES data assimilation requires a fast radiative transfer model for ingesting GOES imager data in the computer forecast model and an adequate quality control algorithm for removing bad-quality data. To meet these needs, STAR scientists developed the community radiative transfer model and a better quality control procedure to detect and remove the measurements aff ected by clouds and precipitation. Th is work highlights the importance of geostationary satellite observations for improved cloud and precipitation forecasts. Th e GOES observations in regions of little or no clouds provide especially benefi cial information to the computer forecast models for improved coastal precipitation forecasts. Th e developed data assimilation technique will also prepare our customers, such as the National Weather Service, for using advanced satellite data from the next generation GOES-R series.

This GOES-12 image from January 2010 shows a frontal system off the Uviolent, linear storm system) spanning the width of Florida.
Selected Harris Corporation to Develop GOES-R 

Antenna System In July 2010, NOAA selected Harris Corporation of Melbourne, Florida, to develop the antenna system that will support NOAA’s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Series R (GOESR). Th is new series of spacecraft, set to begin launching in 2015, is expected to double the clarity of today’s satellite imagery and provide at least 20 times more atmospheric observations. Th e GOES-R antenna system will be developed and operated at NOAA’s Wallops Command and Data Acquisition Station in Wallops, Virginia, and at NOAA’s GOES-R Remote Backup facility in Fairmont, West Virginia. Th e antenna system will be designed to ensure continuity of operations during severe weather and other threat scenarios, including storms as severe as a Category 2 hurricane with winds ranging from 96 to 110 mph. Four existing receive-only antennas located at the NOAA Satellite Operations Facility in Suitland, Maryland, will also have their feed systems upgraded. Th e antenna system will include six new, largeaperture antennas capable of receiving and transmitting radio signals in multiple frequencies. 

Ar

A collaborative development and acquisition eff ort between NOAA and NASA, the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite Series R (GOES-R) Program is developing the Nation’s next generation of environmental satellites with faster, higher resolution imagery and new lightning mapping capabilities. GOES-R will improve support for the detection and observation of meteorological phenomena that directly aff ect public safety, protection of property, and, ultimately, economic health and development. The new weather products from GOES-R will signifi cantly improve the ability of forecasters to more accurately predict dangerous weather and, in turn, warn the public faster. GOES-R continues to make steady progress in its instrument development and ground system programs as it approaches the scheduled launch of its fi rst satellite in 2015.

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Harris Corporation will upgrade four existing antennas and integrate 

the entire antenna system into the overall GOES-R Ground System. NOAA will fund, manage, and operate the GOES-R satellites.Tested New Aurora Model to Improve Air Travel SafetyAs the number of airline passengers traveling on cross-polar routes from the United States to Asia increases so too does the overall concern regarding the risks of radiation exposure to travelers and fl ight crew. 

Forecasting the location and severity of the aurora is required by airline fl ight planners responsible for passenger and crew safety. Th is year NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center Space Weather Team successfully collaborated with partners from the NOAA National Weather Service Space Weather Prediction Center and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory to test a new predictive model of the aurora based on upstream solar wind measurements. Th e Ovation Prime Real Time model will be transitioned to operations and used in conjunction with NOAA’s future solar-wind sentinel to forecast space weather impacts on commercial air transportation.
Climate

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Extended Jason Series Satellite Ocean Altimetry 

MeasurementsIn July 2010, NESDIS negotiated and signed a four-party agreement with NASA, the European Organizations for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, and the French Space Agency to cooperatively develop, launch, and operate the Jason-3 satellite. Th e Jason-3 ocean altimetry satellite will provide extraordinarily precise sea level height measurements that reveal upper level ocean heat content and patterns and indicate changes in water volume. Ocean altimetry data are essential to understanding our climate because ocean changes infl uence the weather. Predicted to launch in 2013 for a fi ve-year run, Jason-3 will allow scientists to predict hurricane and other severe weather intensity. It will also give an accurate understanding of long-term climate change trends, including the Earth’s heat gain. Ocean altimetry data show the location, width, and temperature diff erences in adjacent waters and detect and predict current eddies—temporary ocean features that can be of critical interest to ocean users such as drilling operators in the Gulf of Mexico. Integrated Last Two Sensors on the NPOESS Preparatory ProjectIn fi scal year 2010, NOAA and NASA successfully integrated the last two sensors on the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System Preparatory Project (NPP) at Ball Aerospace in Boulder, Colorado. Th is milestone is critical, as the two sensors—the Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite and the Cross-track Infrared Sounder—are the backbone of NOAA’s future polar satellite missions. With a projected launch date in the fall of 2011, NPP will ensure continuity of weather forecasting and climate monitoring and establish the sensor design baseline for additional NOAA weather satellite systems, especially the Joint Polar Satellite System ( JPSS). NPP and JPSS will allow more timely and accurate weather warnings and forecasts as well as ensure continuity of crucial climate observations for the future. 

The transition of National Polar-orbiting OpeSatellite System (NPOESS) to the Joint Polar Sacollaborative development and acquisition eff oNASA, will continue in fi scal year (FY) 2011. Jenvironmental data used in numerical weatheforecasts, space weather observations, search capabilities, and direct read-out and data collevices to customers. Data and imagery obtained timeliness and accuracy of public warnings aand weather events, thus reducing the potentiaproperty and advancing the national economyTimely transition of NPOESS to JPSS is critical tlaunch of NPP. In addition, NOAA will defi ne a Plan and complete a number of readiness revieProgram. Included will be an Independent Reventire program by end of third quarter of FY 20

The northern portion of the Gulf of Mexico’s Loop Current, shown in redring of current, creating a separate eddy. 
Led the Transition of Three Climate Data Records into 

Operation During fi scal year 2010, NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) led the transition of three Climate Data Records (CDRs) into operation: polar imager refl ectance, geostationary imager thermal radiance, and polar thermal sounder radiance. CDRs provide authoritative, long-term climate reference sets and allow users to focus on specifi c issues such as drought, fl oods, and hurricanes. Consolidating this information can protect lives, property, and economic interests and can increase security. CDRs are required by industry, government, and research communities to detect, assess, model, and predict climate change. Th ese records are also used by decision-makers to devise eff ective strategies to respond, adapt to, and mitigate the impacts of climate change. 

In addition, CDR production: removes and minimizes time dependent biases in satellite data; delivers long-term (50+ years), seamless homogeneous records characterizing climate change and variation; and reprocesses the entire period of record as new climate algorithms and sensor knowledge are developed.

On September 14, 2010, Secretary Gary Loclection of six new NOAA regional climate will build and strengthen partnerships to beregionally focused climate science and infoservices. Each director will be based at one Weather Service regional headquarters offi cordination between NOAA’s weather and climrectors will collaborate with partners from Felocal, and tribal governments; universities; tnon-governmental organizations. They will services to address issues such as local climplans, and fl ood risk mapping.

“By providing critical plannin

that our businesses and our comNOAA Climate Service will help the challenges of mitigating and mate change,

” said Secretary Loc

cess, we’ll discover new technolobusinesses and create new jobs.

”

-Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke on forClimate Service

14

In fi scal year 2011, NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center will transition seven new satellite-based Climate Data Records (CDRs) into operations, bringing the total operational CDRs to 10. One key CDR will be using meteorological data from NOAA’s polar satellite from 1982 to present to create the Global Sea Surface Temperature record. Since each satellite in the historical polar satellite series is diff erent, NOAA’s CDR program works to scientifi cally even out data across all the satellites to make a consistent and accurate record for long-term climate analysis.
NOAA Administrator Dr. Jane Lubchenco, Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke, NOAA Satellite and Information Service Assistant Administrator Mary Kicza, and NOAA Satellite and Information Serv

Charlie Baker meet during Secretary Locke’s visit to Silver Spring.
Spotlight on the 

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and RecoveryOn April 20, 2010, an explosion on the Deepwater Horizon drilling rig led to a massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Approximately 180 million gallons of oil leaked out before the sea-fl oor well at Deepwater Horizon was capped on July 15, 2010, according to the Flow Rate Technical Group, a team of scientists and engineers formed to estimate the extent of the spill. The disaster not only caused long-lasting damage to the Gulf Coast’s marine and wildlife habitats and its fi shing and tourism industries, but also created a need for quality controlled ocean data. While directing recovery eff orts for the spill, government offi cials and emergency responders needed detailed, up-to-date information to make important decisions. NESDIS aided offi cials by supplying the various data, products, and services they needed. NESDIS’s data and services also helped offi cials determine the overall extent and impacts of the spill.Data DistributionNESDIS was well-prepared to react quickly to the spill. In late 2008, in response to a request from the National Ocean Service (NOS), the Offi ce of Satellite Data Processing and Distribution’s Satellite Analysis Branch (SAB) developed the capability to observe and report the location and extent of oil on ocean surfaces. In January 2010, SAB began issuing oil spill analysis products to the United States Coast Guard (USCG) and NOS on a limited, experimental basis. Minutes after the Deepwater Horizon rig began sinking, SAB began converting its experimental, unstaff ed, pilot project in oil detection to a major disaster response eff ort. Within fi ve hours of the rig sinking, SAB organized staffi ng for a 20-hour-perday oil spill response desk, issued its fi rst Deepwater Horizon oil spill analysis, 

and accepted the role of International Disaster Charter Project Manager. SAB issued regular near-real-time satellite-based analyses of surface oil location multiple times per day and a daily summary to NOS; USCG; and other Federal, 

State, and local government personnel. This informcation, such as where to deploy oil containment bonaissance over fl ights, more effi cient. NOS personas input to their trajectory forecasts, further enabliment sectors to plan more eff ective actions to miti

Satellite InformationAfter several weeks it became evident that the swidening at an alarming rate and the dynamics oCurrent system could carry oil to the coast of Floridfi cials decided broader scientifi c knowledge of thin the Gulf would markedly reduce uncertainties asface oil. It would also aid in predicting future move

June 15, 2010, data from NOAA’s Satellite Analysis Branch show

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mate surface thickness and subsurface pathways. NOAA’s Center for Satellite 

Applications and Research (STAR) and CoastWatch, collaborating with scientists at NOAA’s Atlantic Oceanography and Meteorology Laboratory, prepared and acquired specialized satellite data such as sea surface temperature, ocean color, and sea surface height and ocean model products such as current fi elds, salinity, and subsurface trajectories. They began routine briefi ngs for SAB personnel on the oceanographic conditions and forecasts for the eastern Gulf of Mexico.STAR and CoastWatch obtained or facilitated the acquisition and distribution of a broad array of data from commercial, U.S. Government, and foreign environmental satellites for the broad NOAA and responder communities and the general public. STAR and CoastWatch offi cials also supported SAB’s satellite-derived analyses with satellite products, scientifi c guidance, and oceanographic analyses. In addition, STAR and CoastWatch provided weekly tailored science briefi ngs of the oceanographic conditions in the Gulf Coast and implemented or acquired specialized satellite and model products for the Gulf of Mexico to aid oil analysis. CoastWatch provided personnel with advanced satellite analytical experience to assist the National Marine Fisheries Service in the location, recovery, and rehabilitation of sea turtles. CoastWatch also made satellite imagery and products available to a broad audience through their Web site.Web SupportThe National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC) created a support Web site for Gulf of Mexico data and information after the oil spill. The site includes links to archived Deepwater Horizon data, climatologies, ocean currents data, coastal ecosystems maps, and ocean profi le data. NODC also created a historical data page that highlights all of NODC’s data and information from the Gulf of Mexico. In June 2010, NOAA Central Library staff created a document titled “Resources 

on Oil Spills, Response, and Restoration: A Selected Bibliography” to help anyone seeking information concerning the Deepwater Horizon disaster or previous oil spills and associated remedial actions. The bibliography lists information sources concerned with the harmful eff ects of oil and chemical spills on marine habitats and their associated living marine resources and the cultural and economic impacts of such spills. It includes Web sites, videos, and printed 

documents that were selected from resources avaNOAA Library and Information Network Catalog; mproduced by NOAA offi ces and programs. The bicessed over 12,000 times in June, can be found on During the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, NESDIS pructs based on its satellite information and databasoffi cials and emergency responders. NESDIS also commercial and recreational fi sheries, businesses, general public who live and work in the Gulf areaerate support Web sites that include coastal ecosydatabase that describes oil spill related research, mactivities.

The Florida Loop Current was a special concern as the Deepwater Horizoexpected that oil would be entrained in the surface currents, possibly thMexico, Caribbean, and Atlantic. 
Oceans

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Released World Magnetic Model for 2010 - 2015

In late 2009, NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) released a new World Magnetic Model for 2010-2015 (WMM2010). Th is updated model is essential not only to organizations that create nautical and land maps, but also to the proper functioning of high-end cell phones and cameras, which have generated a dramatically increased user base. WMM2010 incorporates the latest magnetic information from land, sea, and satellite observations to provide an accurate model of the Earth’s magnetic fi eld for use in both military and civilian navigation systems. Devices such as high-end p

and cameras have NGDC’s World Magnetic Mfi rmware. Th ese products determine the locathe Global Positioning System while inferrindevice using an accelerometer with an electronNGDC’s popular online calculators were WMM2010 on December 31, 2009. Th e acsoftware permits users to compute both magdirection at any time during 2010-2015 at any 

The current W
Helped Rescue 281 People in Fiscal 

NOAA’s fl eet of satellites played a vital role in ple in life-threatening situations throughout tsurrounding waters during fi scal year 2010. Isatellites pinpointed these downed pilots, shstranded hikers by detecting a distress signal fcon, called an Emergency Position-Indicating laying the information to fi rst responders on polar-orbiting and geostationary satellites, alospacecraft, are part of the international SearAided Tracking system (COSPAS-SARSATellite locates a distress signal, the information SPAS-SARSAT Mission Control Center basOperations Facility in Suitland, Maryland. FRescue Coordination Center operated by eithland rescues or to the U.S. Coast Guard for w28th year, COSPAS-SARSAT has been credite

than 27,000 rescues worldwide, including 6,2and its surrounding waters.

On October 22, 2010, Sunderland, now 17, visited NSOF with her younger brother Toby, also a sailing enthusiast, to applaud the rescue system and thank the staff that helped save her life.

Not long after sailor Abby Sunderland reached tattempted solo voyage around the globe, rough overturned her 40-foot boat in the Indian OceaIndian geostationary satellite captured the distrold Sunderland’s emergency beacons and relathe U.S. Mission Control Center at NOAA’s Sate(NSOF) in Suitland, Maryland.NOAA alerted the U.S. Air Force and Coast Guarderland’s family for specifi c details on her wherepolar-orbiting satellite detected Sunderland’s determine her precise location. The next dayplane used this information to locate Sunderlatween Africa and Australia and established radnearby French fi shing vessel was redirected to aboard, and delivered her to shore. 

20
Enhanced Sea Ice Monitoring through New Datasets 

and PartnershipsTh e decline in Arctic sea ice raises both scientifi c and practical issues that may impact all of humanity. In fi scal year 2010, NESDIS increased its eff orts to monitor and forecast Arctic sea ice. An ice-free Arctic Ocean will absorb more solar radiation that may, in turn, cause large changes in global weather patterns. In addition, accurate sea ice analysis and information are essential to safe travel for the more than 3,000 ships that travel the Great Circle Route between North America and Asia each year. Civilian and military vessels alike depend on this information to navigate this ever-changing region. NESDIS also facilitated the signing of the National Ice Center (NIC) Memorandum of Agreement. Th is renewed agreement enables a continued partnership between the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard, and NOAA to provide timely and accurate snow and ice products. NESDIS also renegotiated and expanded the North American Ice Service (NAIS) agreement between the NIC, the Canadian Ice Service, and the International Ice Patrol that will allow NAIS to off er a single pointof-entry for ice information products. In addition, NESDIS teamed with the National Weather Service Alaska Region Ice Program to disseminate a fi ve-day-per-week regional Alaska Sea Ice Analysis to users, replacing the previous three-day-per-week product. Finally, NESDIS organized a critically important aircraft fl ight close to the North Pole and directly under the path of the European Space Agency’s CryoSat-2 satellite on April 20, 2010, just 12 days after the satellite launched. Th is fl ight was an early opportunity to 

validate CryoSat-2’s new radar technique for measuring the thinning of Arctic sea ice, a trend believed to be an early indicator of global warming. 

The sea ice in the Arctic has reached an abnormally low extent. Data from Air Force Defense Meteorological Satellite Program satellites shows the cThe red line shows the average extent of sea ice for June 21st. Current Arc

than the record low year of 2007.
Coasts

22
Developed High-Resolution Digital Elevation Models 

for At-risk Coastal CommunitiesNOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) developed highresolution digital elevation models (DEMs) for 16 at-risk U.S. coastal communities. Th ese models have many applications in planning, modeling, and forecasting eff orts. NGDC develops DEMs that integrate ocean bathymetry and land topography and range from global scale to highresolution local models of coastal communities. Th ese DEMs are used in NOAA’s Tsunami Warning System to enhance tsunami modeling, forecasting, and warnings. Th ey can also be used for modeling of other coastal processes (such as hurricane storm surge, sea-level rise, contaminant dispersal, etc.), ecosystems management and habitat research, coastal and marine spatial planning, and hazard mitigation and community preparedness. Th e response to the Deepwater Horizon disaster has generated a wealth of data that can inform research on Gulf of Mexico physical and biogeochemical systems for years to come. Data used to track the extent and fate of deep subsurface hydrocarbons have been assembled and archived at the National Oceanographic Data Center (NODC). Th is expanding dataset currently includes more than 1,500 conductivity-temperature-depth casts, corresponding physical sample data, and analyses of suspended particle size, distribution, and concentration. During fi scal year 2011, NODC will continue to add near-real-time datasets from the region, including from profi ling fl oats, gliders, and satellites. Th e assembled dataset 

is available online at: www.nodc.noaa.gov/General/DeepwaterHorizon/support.html

Established an Ecological Sea Nettle Forecasting SystemNOAA’s Center for Satellite Applications and Research led a project to transition experimental ecological sea nettle forecasts for the Chesapeake Bay into operations with the aid of NOAA’s Weather and Ocean Services. High concentrations of sea nettles, a species of stinging jellyfi sh, seasonally inhabit the Chesapeake Bay from late spring to early autumn. Th eir sting is painful, and knowing where and when to expect these jellyfi sh helps people avoid and prepare for this bioti

six years, experimental forecasts indicating the sea nettles in Chesapeake Bay have been genechesapeakebay.noaa.gov/forecasting-sea-nettles)

ect” is establishing a standard for transitioning operations that directly benefi t the public. Dail

are now generated by using real-time and forecprobability of encountering sea nettles. Th e prediction system used to forecast sea nettmodifi ed to predict other important ecological vas the likelihood of waterborne pathogens and solved oxygen. NOAA collaborated on this prothe University of Maryland Center for EnvironUniversity. In the future, satellite-derived estimperature and chlorophyll concentration will be forecasts.

Daily forecast of the likelihood of encountering a sea net
Interview: Helen Wood,

NESDIS Senior Advisor Where did you grow up? Where did you go to school? And how did you get your start at NOAA?I was born in Atlanta, Georgia. My father was in the Air Force, so we moved around a bit. I started school in Alabama, but I transferred to the University of Maryland to pursue mathematics. Then my mother set me up with a friend who was a programmer and mathematician at the National Bureau of Standards. Her boss, a woman who was a retired Navy offi cer, asked me if I would like a job. So I started working in 1967 at the National Bureau of Standards as a GS-4 student and had a series of positions there until I graduated.I was married by then. I had a daughter. When I came back from maternity leave, I started my full-time career job in late 1969 and stayed there for twenty years. In 1988, I was recruited to NOAA by a former boss from the National Bureau of Standards, Tom Pyke. When you arrived here, what was your fi rst position?I was Director of the Offi ce of Satellite Data Processing Distribution, OSDPD. I couldn’t remember the acronym, so they told me to call it the “San Diego Police Department,” that really helped. [The job] was in Suitland, Maryland, 

and I was promised that within two years, my offi ce would be moved to 

Silver Spring. I was [in Suitland] for 15 years, until I took a position on staffhere and got to Silver Spring. What is your position now?I’m a Senior Advisor for Special Projects, which means that I’m a Senior Advisor to the “stars.” I can advise anyone, but no one has to take my advice. I’ve managed a number of special projects over the fi ve years or so that I have been here at NESDIS headquarters, including working for the [previous NOAA] Administrator, Vice Admiral Conrad Lautenbacher. He asked me to be the fi rst Secretariat Director for an intergovernmental body that ended 

up being headquartered in Geneva, Switzerlandspecial project. I’ve also worked on helping to redusing satellite data and better integration of data fing, and stream gauges for fl ooding, and those soMost recently, my focus has been integrated Eartto help better plan, coordinate, and provide longronmental data. Also, I’ve been co-chairing an intWhite House Offi ce of Science and Technology Po

24
What is the most challenging part of your position?

When you’re one person with an offi ce consisting of one or two other people and a limited budget, the challenge is actually also an opportunity. You know, you can’t buy your way into solutions; you have to build partnerships. My way of working has always been to focus on partnerships and fi nding common needs and a common way forward. [I fi nd] ways to link good work with good opportunities and provide a little encouragement to facilitate a way forward. It’s a challenge because there’s no cookbook—there’s no set of fi ve steps that you follow. My work is probably the most satisfying because of that.I’ve always viewed myself as a champion for the good eff orts of others. In a broad sense, I feel like my accomplishment has been to always listen and engage those who really understand the mission and the job they’re doing; I learn from them so I can help champion their eff orts and provide more visibility and fi ght for resources.What do you consider your most signifi cant achievement in your time here at NOAA?There are two things that I’m particularly proud of. First, around 1990 [at OSDPD], we were talking a lot with users of our satellite data around NOAA and those who wanted to use the data but didn’t. Back then, our data were primarily used for weather forecasting. But the National Marine Fisheries, the Ocean Service folks, and the research folks were all interested in how they could collect more data in diff erent ways around the world. NOAA satellites could help with a lot of these things, but not everything. So we began to explore and set up partnerships with the European, Japanese, and other foreign governments; with our sister agencies like NASA, U.S. Geological Survey, and Department of Defense; and with the private sector, which was beginning to build more capabilities for Earth observations. I had the opportunity to take a lead in forging a number of these partnerships and communicating back to NOAA management and our constituents the opportunities from having strong international partnerships and stronger interagency partnerships. It was kind of risky. It was really a bit of an uphill push. But now partnerships for satellite data are just the way we do business. And I can’t take credit for all of that, but I can say it was a lot of fun and a wonderful opportunity to be there early on to begin to build some relationships that have yielded a lot of benefi ts for all the parties involved.

Second, starting in 2003, Greg Withee, who was ouand Admiral Lautenbacher, who was our Adminset up an intergovernmental group in Earth obseto get governments to work together to share enof our instruments and to plan together so that wsurements and so that gaps could be fi lled. That wchallenge as it was a challenge to build greater collaborate. When we had our fi rst intergovernmental meetiinvited about thirty nations to come and meet wiwork together, the reaction of many was, “Does ththey’re trying to sell us?” And we didn’t. And onc

Helen Wood shown here with 
got here, their reaction was, “Oh, you actually don

to lay on the table. You really do want to work togteresting. Let’s see if we can do it.” So everybody rI got to build the working level processes—the prowe’re going to do over the next 10 years and set 

in Switzerland and set up agreements so that we and I’m very proud of that. It was exhausting, chmany friends and there’s so much goodwill that feel really good about it.

What is going to be NESDIS’s biggest chato ten years?NESDIS has faced through the years the challengand larger volumes of data, of overseeing and brments in to guide the development of more capmental satellites to meet our needs and those of oThose budgets grow because the technology is, imore. It’s space science. It’s Earth science. And that we need to improve our weather forecasts, to ing of climate, to improve our ability to monitor help identify and monitor the condition of marinecosystems, we need to continue to bring in impproved science. So doing that on a manageable bWe have to take a very broad look, a very open looour measurement needs.What advice would you give to young womYoung women in the science fi eld—young wome

their academic credentials and their training in pthese fi elds, or just in our society, it’s important thtive to the kinds of cultural interactions that madiscomfort. There are still people who are a little bwoman who is very knowledgeable and educatesources. And I always boost my chair up a little hkid—I’m not young any more, but I’m short. That easy-going nature help regardless of who you are. the work, and don’t take things too seriously. 

26
What enticed you to stay with NOAA NESDIS for as long as you have?

Twenty-two years in NOAA—the twenty-two years have just fl own by. I never imagined I would work this long nor that I would stay in one agency this long. But NOAA is an amazing agency. Everything we do is relevant to life, to life on this planet, to making it a better place. And almost every day, I learn something new. It’s all about our environment and making it safer and healthier for us. You know in your heart that you’re part of an organization making a diff erence in so many ways. So in the end, leaving NOAA after 22 years is diffi cult because this is a truly remarkable place and the people are so dedicated, so impatient for improvement, for breakthroughs, for improved forecasting, for better measurements, for helping. Their passion is truly contagious. It’s been a privilege and a joy to work here.Outside of work, what is your favorite pastime?Being with my twin grandchildren, who are in the area and are 6 years old, is a joy. I like to help them see life diff erently—how things work, how things can work diff erently, taking gadgets apart, putting things together. My greatest joy as a [mother is] watching my daughter and her family develop. Also, I love to travel. My desire is now to continue to see the world, to experience the cultures, to see the beauty, and to celebrate being a part of the world.What’s next for Helen Wood?After I retire from NOAA, my interest in the work of environmental monitoring, my passion for that, will be with me for the rest of my life. So I certainly hope to be able to communicate that through lectures. I hope to be able to communicate to kids the opportunities and the joy there for pursuing a career in science and technology. There are many, many ways to be part of this—but just to capture the kids’ imaginations, to continue in this area. Those are among the things I would like to do.Follow-up footnote: Helen retired from NOAA in early July, 2010, after 42 years of U.S. government Service. In mid-August, she returned to NOAA as a part-time, temporary, government employee, for up to one year.

Helen Wood at her desk in the GEO Secretariat offi ces in Geneva, Switzerland (2006). 
Awards 

GOLD MEDALSLeadership Mary E. Kicza, W. Stan Wilson, D. Brent Smith, Linda V. Moodie, Kerry A. Sawyer, Mitchell D. Goldberg, Changyong Cao, Kenneth R. McDonaldFor leading change in the international space community and securing strong commitments from 28 space agencies to address gaps in Earth observation.Scientifi c/Engineering Achievement Shobha KondraguntaFor her contributions to NOAA’s air quality program by developing a suite of new products from NOAA satellites.Customer ServiceThomas C. Peterson, Sara Veasey, David M. Anderson, Chris Miller (OAR), Eileen Shea, Susan Solomon (OAR), Jay Lawrimore, Roger Pulwarty (OAR)For producing a major scientifi c report detailing the impacts of global climate change in the United States. SILVER MEDALSScientifi c/Engineering AchievementMatthew Menne, Claude WilliamsFor major innovations in climate data preservation and providing the authoritative source of data for understanding the Nation’s changing climate.David Levinson, Kenneth Knapp, Howard J. DiamondFor major innovations in climate stewardship, providing the authoritative source of historical hurricane track data to the global climate community.ADMINISTRATOR’S AWARDSPeter SteurerFor leading the development of a NOAA procedure that determines what scientifi c records to archive, a procedure that received best practice recognition by the National Archives Records Administration.Mitchell D. GoldbergFor organizing and leading as international program to ensure the accuracy and comparability of measurements from earth observing satellites.

28

NOAA Satellite and Information Service | U.S. Department of Commerce | National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administr

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ABNEY, STANLEY ABREU, MICHAEL ADAMS, 

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SON, ANGELA FERRARO JR, RALPH FINCHER, KATHERINE FINSON, ROBERT FIOLEK, ANNA FISCHMAN, DAVID FITZMAURICE JR, MICHAEL FLANAGAN, DANIEL FLEEMAN, ROBERT FLERLAGE, KAREN FLYNN, LAWR

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WILLIAM MURRAY, DERRICK MURRAY, REGINA MUSSMANN, JAMES NAGAN, ROBERT NAUMAN, SELINA NAVE, CHERYL NEELY, LINDA NELSON, BRIAN NELSON, RYAN NERO, TERESA NEWLIN, MICHELE NEWLON, CARL 

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ANDER PRENDERGAST, KELLY PRIVETTE, JEFFREY PRYOR, KENNETH QI, HONGMING QUILLEN, STEVEN RADEMACHER, RONALD RANK, ROBERT RAY, JAMES RAY, RONALD REALE, ANTHONY REDMON, ROBERT REE

LETECIA REICH, JESSE RELPH, JOHN RENKEVENS, THOMAS REVELL, ALAN REYNOLDS, THOMAS RICH, SHARON RICHARDSON, RASHELLE RIDDLE, DEBORAH RIEFLER, GEORGE RIGGIN, BARRY RIPLEY, MARGARET 

VERA, CARMELO RIVERA, DEBORA ROARK, STEPHEN ROBEL, JEFFREY ROBERTS, CURTIS ROBERTS, THOMAS ROBINSON, ALAN ROBINSON, ANGEL ROBINSON, DIANE ROBLIN, ROBERT ROBY, DONALD ROCHESTER, 

CAROL ROGERSON, SCOTT ROKKE, LAURIE ROSARIO, JOSE ROSIER, ERICKA ROSS, DOUGLAS ROSS, THOMAS ROYSTON, JOE RUBIO, LINDA RUMINSKI, MARK RUTLEDGE, GLENN RUTZ, STEVEN RYAN, THOMAS 

SALEMI, ANTHONY SALYERS, LINDA SANCHEZ, PATRICIA SANCHEZ-LUGO, AHIRA SANDERS, MARGARET SANDIDGE, JUANITA SANNS, JOHN SAPPER, JOHN SAUNDERS, LEESHA SAWYER, KERRY SAZAMA, CHARLOT

STEPHEN SCHAFFER, STEVEN SCHAFFERT, KAREN SCHEIN JR, GUY SCHELLER, BONNIE SCHENCK GARDNER, ELIZABETH SCHLEICHER JR, WALTER SCHMIDT, KENNETH SCHMIT, TIMOTHY SCHOTT, THOMAS SCH

SCHWARTZ, ALAN SCOTT, TAMMY SEIDERMAN, MARK SEIDOV, DAN SEMUNEGUS, HILAWE SERAFINO, GEORGE SESSING, JANICE SETTLES, MICHAEL SEYBOLD, MATTHEW SEYMOUR, PAUL SHARKEY, HUGH S

HESH SHARMAN III, GEORGE SHEA, EILEEN SHEFFLER, DUSTIN SHEIN, KARSTEN SHERIDAN, JAMES SHI, LEI SHIRLEY, JOSEPH SHRESTHA, MAHENDRA SILVA, HERNAN SIMKO, JOHN SIMPSON, NAAMAN 

GEORGE SINNOK, RALPH SLACK, DONNIE SLAY, MARY SLEEPER, MARK SLUSSER, CONSTANCE SMILEK, RONALD SMITH, ADAM SMITH, ALISA SMITH, DAVID SMITH, DAVID SMITH, DAVID SMITH, ELIZABET

JONATHAN SMITH, LAKEL SMITH, RICHARD SMITH JR, THOMAS SMITH, THOMAS SMITH, WALTER SMITH DEARRING, RHAPSODY SMOLYAR, IGOR SMYLY, MARSHALL SNEAD JR, ROBERT SOLOMON, NICOLE 

JESSE SPENCER JR, ALBERT SPENCER, TERESSA SPIERS, NANCY SPORER, MICHAEL SQUIRES, MICHAEL ST GERMAIN, KAREN STANCZYK, STANLEY STANSBURY, ANGELA STARKE, SUSAN STATHOPLOS, 

STATLER, LINDA STECKEL, ADAM STENGEL, ERIC STEPHENS, SCOTT STRAND, JESSE STREETT, DAVIDA STROKER, KELLY SULLIVAN, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN, MATTHEW SUMMERS, ROBERT SUN, LEANGCHW

SURRETT, NIKONDA SUTHERLUN, JACOB SWALLOW, DANIELLE SWANSON, GRACE SYLVESTER, DENISE SYMONDS, JASON TABOR, EDWARD TAI, CHANG KOU TANNER, MICHAEL TARVER, KENDR

TAYLOR, GRETCHEN TAYLOR, LISA TAYLOR, PAMELA TERRY, GENE TERRY, ROE THEBERGE JR, ALBERT THEURER, AMBER THOMAS, ADRIENNE THOMAS, JOHN THORNTON, JOSEPH TIELKING, 

TERRANCE TIGNOR, CLARENCE TILLMAN, ARLA TODIRITA, MONICA TOMLINSON, MICHAEL TRUITT, NORWOOD TSUI, YO KUNG TUCKER, JAUVONNE TURK, MICHAEL TURNER, KELLY 

TURNER, KEVIN TWITTY, ANTHONY UNDERHILL, ERIC URBANSKI, DAVID URZEN, MICHAEL VALENTI, JAMES VALENZUELA, MANUEL VARGAS, MARCO VEASEY, SARA VICENTE, GILBERTO VINCENT, KATY VIZBULIS, FREDERICK VOSE, RUSSELL VOSS, BRIAN VOYLES, JOYCE VYAS, SUDHIR WADE, ANGELO WADE, CRAIG WADE, GARY WAHL, EUGENE 

WALKER, LEESALEE WALKER, YATANA WALLACE, CAROL WALLACE, STEVEN WALLING, BRIAN WALL, JANET WALSH, TIMOTHY WALTERS, STEPHEN WANG, MENGHUA WARD, 

DARLENE WARD, RODNEY WARDRETT, ANDREW WARNICK, BARBARA WARNKEN, ROBIN WARREN, CHRISTOPHER WARREN, DANETTE WARREN, MICHAEL WARRINGTON, EUNICE WEIR, PATRICIA WELDON, ROGER WENG, FUZHONG WHALEY, PHILIP WHEELER, CHRISTOPHER WHITE IV, JOSEPH WHITE, SANDRA WHITEHURST, HILERY WHITELEY, HARRY WILCZYNSKI, PETER WILKINS, BRENDA WILKINSON, CHARIS WILKINSON, DANIEL WILLIAMS, ALEXANDER WILLIAMS 

JR, CLAUDE WILLIAMS, KEVIN WILLIAMS, LINDA WILLIAMS, LINDSEY WILLIAMS, STEPHANIE WILLIAMS, TYRONE WILMESHERR, MARK WILSON, 

WILLIAM WISE, NATHANAEL WOLDU, VERNELL WOLF, WALTER WOMACK, WINIFRED WOOD, HELEN WOODS, LENORA WOOLDRIDGE, 

CHARLES WORMAN, RUSSELL WRIGHT, VICKIE WRUBLEWSKI, THOMAS WU, XIANGQIAN WU, ZHONG WUERTZ, DAVID 

WYATT, KANDIS XIA SERAFINO, WEI YAN, BANGHUA YAPUR, MARTIN YOUNG, SHAROLYN YU, YUNYUE ZEGALIA, 

STEVEN ZEHR, DAVID ZEILER, TRACY ZEKRI, MEHDI ZHAN, XIWU ZHANG, HUAI MIN ZHAO, LIMIN 

ZHAO, XUEPENG ZHOU, LIHANG ZOU, CHENG ZHI