Occurrences of Calcareous Nannofossil, Dinoflagellate 

Cyst, and Pollen Taxa in Paleocene Strate in South 

Carolina 

By Norman O. Frederiksen, Lucy E. Edwards, Laurel M. Bybell, and Jean M. Self-Trail 

Report Series 2006–1353 

U.S. Department of the Interior 

U.S. Geological Survey 
U.S. Department of the Interior 

DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary 

U.S. Geological Survey 

Mark D. Myers, Director 

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2006 

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Suggested citation: 

Frederiksen, Norman O., Edwards, Lucy E., Bybell, Laurel M., Self-Trail, Jean M., 2006, 

Occurrences of Calcareous Nannofossil, Dinoflagellate Cyst, and Pollen Taxa in Paleocene 

Strata in South Carolina: Reston, Virginia, Open-File Report 2006-1353, p. ##; information 

on how to obtain if it’s not from the group above. 

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ii
Contents 

Abstract................................................................................................................................................................................1

Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................1

Previous Work.................................................................................................................................................................1

Acknowledgments..........................................................................................................................................................1

Fossil Assemblages............................................................................................................................................................2

Summary ..............................................................................................................................................................................2

References Cited ................................................................................................................................................................2

Figures 

Figure 1. Index map of South Carolina showing the locations (black circles) and names of boreholes from 

which conventional cores, sidewall cores, or cuttings were recovered that were studied for this report, and 

the location of the Savannah River Site (hatched area). ...........................................................................................5 

Figure 2. Generalized comparison of nomenclature used by several authors for Paleocene geologic units in 

South Carolina. Shaded areas indicate missing stratigraphic sections. Fm., formation. Columns 4-7 are 

slightly modified from Falls and Prowell (2001); in column 5, formations are updip units; in column 7, 

formations are downdip units. ........................................................................................................................................6 

Figure 3. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from DNE/DOE corehole C10-A (ALL-348), 

Allendale County, South Carolina. X = present; ? = questionable occurrence. .....................................................7 

Figure 4. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene cuttings samples from the Hilton Head water test 

borehole (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina..............................................................................................8 

Figure 5. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR St. Stephen corehole 

(BRK-644), Berkeley County, South Carolina................................................................................................................9 

Figure 6. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR St. 

Stephen corehole (BRK-644), Berkeley County, South Carolina.............................................................................12 

Figure 7. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR St. Stephen corehole (BRK644), Berkeley County, South Carolina.........................................................................................................................13 

Figure 8. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the SRS P21TA corehole (BRN-335), 

Barnwell County, South Carolina................................................................................................................................. 14 

Figure 9. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the SRS P21TA corehole (BRN-335), 

Barnwell County, South Carolina................................................................................................................................. 15 

Figure 10. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Cannon Park 

corehole (CHN-800), Charleston County, South Carolina....................................................................................... 16 

Figure 11. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Moores 

Landing corehole (CHN-802), Charleston County, South Carolina........................................................................ 19 

Figure 12. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Santee 

Coastal Reserve corehole (CHN-803), Charleston County, South Carolina. ........................................................21 

Figure 13. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Edisto Island corehole 

(COL-364), Colleton County, South Carolina.............................................................................................................. 23 

Figure 14. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Edisto 

Island corehole (COL-364), Colleton County, South Carolina. ............................................................................... 24 

iii
Figure 15. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Edisto Island corehole 

(COL-364), Colleton County, South Carolina...............................................................................................................25 

Figure 16. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Clubhouse Crossroads No. 1 

corehole (DOR-37), Dorchester County, South Carolina. ....................................................................................... 27 

Figure 17. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Clubhouse 

Crossroads No. 1 corehole (DOR-37), Dorchester County, South Carolina......................................................... 29 

Figure 18. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Clubhouse Crossroads No. 1 

corehole (DOR-37), Dorchester County, South Carolina. ........................................................................................32 

Figure 19. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Pregnall 

corehole (DOR-208), Dorchester County, South Carolina. ......................................................................................33 

Figure 20. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS St. George corehole (DOR211), Dorchester County, South Carolina. ..................................................................................................................34 

Figure 21. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS St. George 

corehole (DOR-211), Dorchester County, South Carolina. ......................................................................................36 

Figure 22. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene sidewall-core samples from the 

DNR/DOE C-15 borehole (JAS-426), Jasper County, South Carolina. ...................................................................38 

Figure 23. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Swansea corehole 

(LEX-844), Lexington County, South Carolina. ...........................................................................................................40 

Figure 24. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Swansea corehole (LEX844), Lexington County, South Carolina. .....................................................................................................................41 

Figure 25. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark School No. 1 

corehole (ORG-393), Orangeburg County, South Carolina. .....................................................................................42 

Figure 26. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark School No. 1 

corehole (ORG-393), Orangeburg County, South Carolina. .....................................................................................43 

Figure 27. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark School No. 2 

corehole (ORG-430), Orangeburg County, South Carolina. .....................................................................................44 

Figure 28. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark School No. 2 

corehole (ORG-430), Orangeburg County, South Carolina. .....................................................................................45 

Tables 

Table 1. South Carolina boreholes for which Paleocene dinoflagellate cyst, calcareous nannofossil, and 

pollen occurrence data are presented in this report and (or) have been presented in previous 

U. S. Geological Survey open-file reports....................................................................................................................2 

iv
Occurrences of Calcareous Nannofossil, 

Dinoflagellate Cyst, and Pollen Taxa in Paleocene 

Strate in South Carolina 

By Norman O. Frederiksen, Lucy E. Edwards, Laurel M. Bybell, and Jean M. Self-Trail 

Abstract 

This report presents 26 diagrams showing the occurrences of fossil dinocyst, calcareous 

nannofossil, and pollen assemblages in Paleocene samples from 15 boreholes in South Carolina. 

Introduction 

Previous Work 

Paleocene stratigraphic units of South Carolina are not known in detail because most 

research on these units was based on discontinuous outcrop sections. Except for the many 

coreholes drilled at the Savannah River Site (SRS, fig. 1), few Paleocene cores were taken in South 

Carolina until the 1980's. Therefore, except at the SRS (Fallaw and Price, 1995, and references 

therein; Hargrove and Engelhardt, 1997), relatively little is known about the nature of the 

Paleocene stratigraphic units in the subsurface of South Carolina, and the Paleocene section is 

divided into only a few formations (fig. 2). Furthermore, until relatively recently, few 

paleontological studies of Paleocene strata in South Carolina based on dinoflagellate cysts 

(dinocysts), calcareous nannofossils, and pollen had been completed. This made it difficult to 

subdivide and correlate the Paleocene section in a detailed way. The object of the present report is 

to provide data on occurrences of Paleocene dinocysts, calcareous nannofossils, and pollen in 

samples from 15 boreholes in the coastal plain of South Carolina (table 1). 

Acknowledgments 

The authors acknowledge the efforts of Donald G. Queen, Eugene F. Cobbs II, Eugene F. 

Cobbs III, Gerald E. Idler, and especially David C. Prowell, all of whom work or did work for the 

U.S. Geological Survey, and Karen Waters and Joe Gellici of the South Carolina Department of 

Natural Resources, during coring and logging of the cores whose paleontology is reported here. 

We also thank Colleen Durand, Nancy Durika, Ellen Seefelt, Thomas Sheehan, and Karlyn 

Westover for diligent processing of the fossil-bearing samples. The U.S. Department of Energy 

supported this investigation. 
Table 1. South Carolina boreholes for which Paleocene dinoflagellate cyst, calcareous nannofossil, and pollen occurrence data are presented in this r

and (or) have been presented in previous U. S. Geological Survey open-file reports. 

USGS 

Drillhole 

Designation 

Drillhole Name County Year 

Degrees 

North 

Latitude 

Degrees 

West 

Longitude 

Measured 

Elevation, 

Feet 

Total 

Depth, 

Feet 

Samples 

Occurrence Data Presented 

In This Report 

Dinoflagellate 

Cysts 

Calcareous 

Nannofossils Pollen 

D

fla

C

ALL-348 DNR/DOE C10A Allendale 1990 33.013 81.2303 281.6 1,734 cores X X 

BFT-2055 Hilton Head Water test Beaufort 1992 32.1129 80.4214 10.0 3,833 cuttings X 

BRK-644 USGS/DNR St. Stephen Berkeley 1998 33.2415 79.5604 75.0 1,826 cores X X X 

BRN-335 SRS P21TA Barnwell 1985 33.0846 81.3628 207.0 1,152 cores X X 

CHN-800 USGS Cannon Park Charleston 1994 32.4655 79.5641 10.0 1,012 cores X 

CHN-802 USGS Moores Landing Charleston 1996 32.5627 79.3927 7.8 369 cores X 

CHN-803 USGS Santee Coastal Reserve Charleston 1996 33.0910 79.2130 9.9 545 cores X 

COL-364 USGS/DNR Edisto Island Colleton 1999 32.3013 80.1746 9.9 977 cores X X X 

DOR-37 USGS Clubhouse Crossroads No. 1 Dorchester 1975 32.5317 80.2133 18.0 2,599 cores X X X 

DOR-208 USGS Pregnall Dorchester 1982 33.0908 80.2814 85.0 346 cores X 

DOR-211 USGS St. George Dorchester 1982 33.0925 80.3118 78.0 2,067 cores X X 

JAS-426 DNR/DOE C15 Jasper 1996 32.3704 80.5945 63.5 2,900 sidewall cores 

LEX-844 USGS/DNR Swansea Lexington 1997 33.4444 81.0628 367.0 548 cores X X 

ORG-393 USGS/DNR Clark School No. 1 Orangeburg 1997 33.3029 80.5154 253.0 1,138 cores X X 

ORG-430 USGS/DNR Clark School No. 2 Orangeburg 1999 33.3029 80.5154 253.0 330 cores X X 

2
Fossil Assemblages 

The fossil dinocyst, calcareous nannofossil, and pollen assemblages are presented in figures 

3 through 28. These data are from 13 coreholes, one borehole from which sidewall cores were 

obtained, and one borehole from which cuttings were recovered (table 1). The table shows that 

some fossil data from some of these holes previously have been presented in U. S. Geological 

Survey open-file reports by Edwards and others (1997, 1999, 2000), Self-Trail and Bybell (1997), 

and Bybell and others (1998), but a subset of these data is updated in the present report along with 

data not previously made public. The diagrams for calcareous nannofossil assemblages do not 

display sample numbers (other than the depths from which the samples were obtained) because no 

such numbers were assigned. The coreholes and boreholes are presented in alphabetical order 

according to the county in which they were drilled. Hence, charts presenting data from each 

borehole are adjacent in the report, thereby permitting easy comparison of age interpretions based 

on different fossil groups from each borehole. 

Summary 

Twenty-six diagrams in this report display the occurrences of fossil dinocyst, calcareous 

nannofossil, and pollen assemblages in Paleocene samples from 13 coreholes, one borehole from 

which sidewall cores were obtained, and one borehole from which cuttings were recovered, all in 

South Carolina. 

References Cited 

Reference, 2000, National water quality inventory—1998 Report, U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency Report EPA–841–F–00–006, Washington D.C. 

Bybell, L. M., Conlon, K. J., Edwards, L. E., Frederiksen, N. O., Gohn, G. S., and Self-Trail, J. M., 

1998, Biostratigraphy and physical stratigraphy of the USGS-Cannon Park core (CHN-800), 

Charleston County, South Carolina: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 98-246, 65 p. 

Drugg, W.S., 1967, Palynology of the upper Moreno Formation (Late Cretaceous-Paleocene) 

Escarpado Canyon, California: Palaeontographica, Abt. B, v. 120, p. 1-71. 

Edwards, L.E., 1980, Dinoflagellate biostratigraphy: A first look, in Reinhardt, Juergen, and 

Gibson, T.G., Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary geology of the Chattahoochee River Valley, 

western Georgia and eastern Alabama, in Frey, R.W., ed., Excursions in southeastern geology, v. 

2: Geological Society of America, Annual Meeting, (93rd), Atlanta 1980, Field Trip Guidebooks, 

p. 424-427, pl. 9, fig. 16. 

Edwards, L.E., 1989, Dinoflagellate cysts from the lower Tertiary formations, Haynesville cores, 

Richmond County, Virginia, in Mixon, R.B., ed., Geology and paleontology of the Haynesville 

cores--Northeastern Virginia Coastal Plain: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1489-C, 

p. C1-C12. 

Edwards, L. E., Bybell, L. M., Gohn, G. S., and Frederiksen, N. O., 1997, Paleontology and 

physical stratigraphy of the USGS-Pregnall No. 1 core (DOR-208), Dorchester County, South 

Carolina: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report OF 97-145, 35 p. 

Edwards, L. E., Gohn, G. S., Self-Trail, J. M., Prowell, D. C., Bybell, L. M., Bardot, L. P., Firth, J. 

V., Huber, B. T., Frederiksen, N. O., and MacLeod, K. G., 1999, Physical stratigraphy, 

paleontology, and magnetostratigraphy of the USGS-Santee Coastal Reserve core (CHN-803), 

Charleston County, South Carolina: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-308-A, 36 pp. 

3
Edwards, L. E., Gohn, G. S., Bybell, L. M., Chirico, P. G., Christopher, R. A., Frederiksen, N. O., 

Prowell, D. C., Self-Trail, J. M., and Weems, R. E., 2000, Supplement to the preliminary 

stratigraphic database for subsurface sediments of Dorchester County, South Carolina: U.S. 

Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-49-B. 

Edwards, L.E., Goodman, D.K., and Witmer, R.J., 1984, Lower Tertiary (Pamunkey Group) 

dinoflagellate biostratigraphy, Potomac River area, Virginia and Maryland, in Frederiksen, N.O., 

and Krafft, K. (eds.), 1984, Cretaceous and Tertiary stratigraphy, paleontology, and structure, 

southwestern Maryland and northeastern Virginia: American Association of Stratigraphic 

Palynologists Field Trip Volume and Guidebook, p. 137-152. 

Fallaw, W.C., and Price, V., 1995, Stratigraphy of the Savannah River Site and vicinity: 

Southeastern Geology, v. 35, p. 21–58. 

Falls, W. F., and Prowell, D. C., 2001, Stratigraphy and depositional environments of sediments 

from five cores from Screven and Burke Counties, Georgia: U.S. Geological Survey Professional 

Paper 1603, p. A1-A20. 

Hargrove, D. C., and Engelhardt, D. W., 1997, Palynology of the Maastrichtian/Danian boundary 

at Savannah River Site, South Carolina: Sedimentary Geology, v. 108, p. 121-140. 

Kurita, Hiroshi, and McIntyre, D.J., 1995, Paleocene dinoflagellates from the Turtle Mountain 

Formation, southwestern Manitoba, Candada: Palynology, v. 19, p. 119-136, pls. 1, 2. 

Morgenroth, Peter, 1966, Mikrofossilien uns Konkretionen des nordwesteuropäischen Untereozäns: 

Palaeontographica, ser. B, v. 119, p. 1-53, pls. 1-11. 

Prowell, D.C., Edwards, L.E., and Frederiksen, N.O., 1985 [1986], The Ellenton Formation in 

South Carolina—A revised age designation from Cretaceous to Paleocene, in Stratigraphic notes, 

1984: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1605–A, p. A63–A69. 

Self-Trail, J. M., and Bybell, L. M., 1997, Calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the SCDNR 

test hole C-15, Jasper County, South Carolina: U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 97-

155, 2 sheets. 

Willoughby, R. H., Nystrom, P. G., Jr., Campbell, L. D., and Katuna, M. P., 1999, Cenozoic 

stratigraphic column of the coastal plain of South Carolina: South Carolina Geological Survey 

General Geologic Chart 1, 1 sheet. 

4
Figure 1. Index map of South Carolina showing the locations (black circles) and names of boreholes 

from which conventional cores, sidewall cores, or cuttings were recovered that were studied for 

this report, and the location of the Savannah River Site (hatched area). [file Norm Map-2.ai] 

5
Figure 2. Generalized comparison of nomenclature used by several authors for Paleocene geologic 

units in South Carolina. Shaded areas indicate missing stratigraphic sections. Fm., formation. 

Columns 4-7 are slightly modified from Falls and Prowell (2001); in column 5, formations are updip 

units; in column 7, formations are downdip units. [file SE Paleocene fms-o file.ai] 

6
Depth (feet) 639.5 617 609 583.5 

Sample R4787 A R4787 B R4787 C R4787 D 

Series Paleocene Barren Barren Eocene 

Part of Series Upper Lowest 

Taxa 

Adnatosphaeridium multispinosum Williams & Downie 1966 . X 

Adnatosphaeridium Williams & Downie 1966 n. sp. X . 

Amphorosphaeridium multispinosum (Davey & Williams 1966) Sarjeant 19 X X 

Apectodinium augustum/A. hyperacanthum . X 

Apectodinium homomorphum (Defl. & Cook. 1955) Lentin & Williams 197 . X 

Apectodinium paniculatum (Costa & Downie 1976) Lentin & Williams 197 . X 

Cerodinium medcalfi (Stover1974) Lentin & Williams 1987 . ? 

Cerodinium speciosum (Alberti 1959) Lentin & Williams 1987 X . 

Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 X X 

Cordosphaeridium gracile (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 . X 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 X . 

Dinopterygium cladoides sensu Morgenroth (1966) . X 

Eocladopyxis peniculata Morgenroth 1966 . X 

Fibrocysta bipolaris (Cookson & Eisenack 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 . X 

Hafniasphaera septata (Cookson & Eisenack 1967) Hansen 1977 . X 

Hystrichokolpoma unispinum Williams & Downie 1966 . X 

Hystrichosphaeridium tubiferum (Erhenberg 1838) Deflandre 1937 X . 

Kallosphaeridium brevibarbatum de Coninck 1969 . X 

Nematosphaeropsis Deflandre & Cookson 1955 n. sp. X . 

Operculodinium Wall 1967 sp. X X 

Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 X . 

Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) X . 

Polysphaeridium zoharyi (Rossignol 1962) Bujak et al. 1980 . ? 

Senegalinium microgranulatum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X X 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms . X 

small peridiniacean forms . X 

Figure 3. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from DNE/DOE corehole C10-A (ALL-348), 

Allendale County, South Carolina. X = present; ? = questionable occurrence.

7
Depth 

1569-1594 ft1345-1357 ft

1316-1325 ft (quick) 

Sample 

R4965G

R4965H

R4965I 

Inferred Age 

mid-Paleocene

early Eocene or olderearly Eocene or older 

Taxa 

Homotryblium plectilum Drugg & Loeblich 1967 X X . 

Wetzeliella group X X X 

Thalassiphora pelagica (Eisenack 1954) Eisenack & Gocht 1960 X X X 

Diphyes colligerum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Cookson 1965 . X . 

Pentadinium goniferum Edwards 1982 ? X X 

Areosphaeridium diktyoplokus (Klumpp 1953) Eaton 1971 . X . 

Rhombodinium draco Gocht 1955 . X X 

Fibrocysta radiata (Morgenroth 1966) Stover & Evitt 1978 . . X 

Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) X . . 

Amphorosphaeridium multispinosum (Davey & Williams 1966) Sarjeant 1 X . . 

Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum (Ehrenberg 1838) Sarjeant 1967 X . . 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 X . . 

Deflandrea delineata X . . 

Senegalinium micrograulatum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . . 

Figure 4. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene cuttings samples from the 

Hilton Head water test borehole (BFT-2055), Beaufort County, South Carolina.

8
Depth (Ft) 

274.4-274.8

253.0-253.4

243.1-243.4

236.0-236.5

233.4-233.8

226.5-226.8

207.6-208.0

182.6-182.9

164.2-164.7

111.6-112.0

Sample 

R5606 E

R5606 F

R5606 G

R5606 H

R5606 I

R5606 J

R5606 K

R5606 L

R5606 M

R5606 O

Series Paleocene 

Subseries Lower 

Taxa 

Achilleodinium biformoides (Eisenack 1954) Eaton 1976 . . . . . . . . . . chorate, cf. Achilleodinium . . . . . . . . . . Achomosphaera alcicornu (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 X . . . . . . . . . Adnatosphaeridium multispinosum Williams & Downie 1966 . . . . . . . . . . Amphorosphaeridium multispinosum (Davey & Williams 1966) Sarjeant 1981 . . . . . . . . . . Andalusiella polymorpha (Malloy 1972) Lentin & Williams 1977 . . . . . . . X X . Andalusiella sp. aff. A. polymorpha of Edwards (1980) . X ? . . . . . . . ?Andalusiella rhombohedra of Edwards and others (1984) . X . . . . . X . . Apectodinium homomorphum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Lentin & Williams 1977 . . . . . . . . . . Apectodinium hyperacanthum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Lentin & Williams 1977 . . . . . . . . . . Carpatella cornuta Grigorovich 1969 ? . ? . X . . . X . Catillopsis Drugg 1970 ? sp. . X . . X . . . . . Cerodinium diebelii (Alberti 1959) Lentin & Williams 1987 . . X . . X . . . . Cerodinium striatum (Drugg 1967) Lentin & Williams 1987 X X . . . . . . . . Cerodinium Vozzhennikova 1963 sp. . . . . X . . . . . Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 X X . . . . X X . . Cordosphaeridium gracile (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 . . . . . . . . . . Cordosphaeridium inodes (Klumpp 1953) Eisenack 1963 . . X . . X . X . . Cordosphaeridium Eisenack 1963 sp. . . . . X . X . . X Cribroperidinium Neale & Sarjeant 1962 spp. X X X . X X . . . . Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 X X X X X X X . X X Deflandrea cf. D. diebelii Alberti of Drugg (1967) . X . . . . X . X . Deflandrea n. sp. aff. D. truncata Eisenack 1938 . X X X . . X . X . Deflandrea phosphoritica Eisenack 1938 . . . . . . . . . . Diphyes colligerum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Cookson 1965 X X X . P P . X . X Disphaerogena carposphaeropsis Wetzel 1933 X X . . . . . . . . Eocladopyxis peniculata Morgenroth 1966 . . . . . . . . . . Exochosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 spp. . X X X X X X X X X Fibradinium annetorpense Morgenroth 1968 X X . . ? . . . . . Fibrocysta radiata (Morgenroth 1966) Stover & Evitt 1978 . . . . . . . . . . Fibrocysta Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. . . . . X . . . . . 

9
Depth (Ft) 

274.4-274.8

253.0-253.4

243.1-243.4

236.0-236.5

233.4-233.8

226.5-226.8

207.6-208.0

182.6-182.9

164.2-164.7

111.6-112.0

Sample 

R5606 E

R5606 F

R5606 G

R5606 H

R5606 I

R5606 J

R5606 K

R5606 L

R5606 M

R5606 O

Series Paleocene 

Subseries Lower 

Taxa 

Fromea fragilis (Cookson & Eisenack 1962) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . . . . . . . . X Hafniasphaera fluens Hansen 1977 X X X . X . X . . . Hafniasphaera septata (Cookson & Eisenack 1967) Hansen 1977 . . . . X . . . . . Hafniasphaera Hansen 1977 sp. . . . . . . . X . . Hystrichokolpoma Deflandre 1935 sp. X X X . X X . . . . Ifecysta Jan du Chêne & Adediran 1985 sp. X X X . . . . . X . Isabelidinium/Chatangiella /Manumiella sp. (reworked?) . . . . . . . . . . Kallosphaeridium brevibarbatum de Coninck 1969 . . . . . . . . . . Lejeunecysta Artzner & Dörhöfer 1978 sp. . X

 . 

. . . . . . 

Lingulodinium machaerophorum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Wall 1967 . . . . . . . . . . Melitasphaeridium pseudorecurvatum (Morgenroth 1966) Bujak et al. 1980 . . . . . . . . . . Membranosphaera maastrichtica Samoilovitch 1961 . ? X . . . . . . . Oligosphaeridium complex (White 1842) Davey & Williams 1966 ? . . . . ? . . . . Operculodinium Wall 1967 sp. or spp. X . . X X X . X X X Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 . . . . . . . . ? X Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. X X . . . . X . X X Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. (fat) . . . . X X X X . . Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum (Ehrenberg 1838) Sarjeant 1967 . X X . . . X . . X Phelodinium magnificum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . . . . . . . . . Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) . . . . . . . . . X Phelodinium Stover & Evitt 1978 spp. . X X X X X . X X . Pulchrasphaera minuscula Schiøler et al. 1997 X . . ? . ? . . . . Rottnestia Cookson & Eisenack 1961 sp. . . . . . . X . . . Senoniasphaera Clarke & Verdier 1967 sp. . . . . . . . ? ? . Spinidinium pulchrum (Benson 1976) Lentin & Williams 1977 ? . ? . . . . ? ? . Spinidinium Cookson & Eisenack 1962 spp. X X X X X X X X X X Spiniferites pseudofurcatus (Klumpp 1953) Sarjeant 1970 . . . . . . . ? . . Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X X X X X X X X X X Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen 1977) McMinn 1988 (sensu amplo ) . . . . . . X X X . Turbiosphaera sp. aff T. magnifica Eaton of Edwards (1989) (frag.) . . . . . . . . . . Xenicodinium-Tectatodinium plexus X . . . . ? . . . . 

10
Depth (Ft) 

274.4-274.8

253.0-253.4

243.1-243.4

236.0-236.5

233.4-233.8

226.5-226.8

207.6-208.0

182.6-182.9

164.2-164.7

111.6-112.0

Sample 

R5606 E

R5606 F

R5606 G

R5606 H

R5606 I

R5606 J

R5606 K

R5606 L

R5606 M

R5606 O

Series Paleocene 

Subseries Lower 

Taxa 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms X X X . X X X X X X miscellaneous cladopyxiaceaen forms . . . X . . . . . . small peridiniacean forms . X X X X X X X X X X=present, .=not present, ?=questionably present P=variety of D. colligerum with precingular archeopyle 

v!=near Isabelidinium? viborgense Heilman-Clausen 1985 

?f=questionably identified, fragment only Figure 5. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR St. Stephen corehole (BRK-644), Berkeley County, South Carolina. 

11
Depth (ft) 

274.4265.6250.6244.8237.8232.3226.3221.4209.2204.7197.8183.8180.4174.4162.6150.2143.2134.9131.2112.7

78.268.3 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1NP 1NP 1NP 1NP 1NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2NP 2

BarrenBarrenBarrenBarren

??

BarrenBarren 

Taxa 

Biscutum spp. NP 1-12? X 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X X X X X X 

Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- ?? 

Coccolithus cribellum X X 

Coccolithus pelagicus ?1 ?2 

Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus NP 1-5 X X X X X X X 1 X X X 

Cruciplacolithus edwardsii NP 2?-5? X 1 

Cruciplacolithus intermedius NP 1- XXX X X XXX 

Cruciplacolithus primus NP 1-5 X XXXXXXXXXXX 

Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2-9 1X 121 

Cruciplacolithus spp. X 

Cyclagelosphaera prima NP 1-10 XX X 

Cyclagelosphaera reinhardtii NP 1-5 X 

Cyclagelosphaera spp. X X 

Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? XXXXXXXXXXXXX X 

Goniolilthus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25? X 

Hornibrookina spp. XX XX X X 

Lanternithus duocavus NP 1-5? X 

Markalius inversus NP 1-21 XX XXXX XX XX 

Micrantholithus crenulatus ? 

Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus X X X 

Neococcolithes spp. XX X X 

Neocrepidolithus spp. X X 

Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 X X X X X X X X X X X X 1 X 

Praeprinsius spp. X X X X X X 

Thoracosphaera spp. XXXXXXXXXXXXX X 

placoliths 1 X 

Cretaceous forms R R R R 

Abundance C- F+ F+ F+ F+ F- F+ F- F+ F- F+ R F+ R F- BBBB R B B 

Preservation M G M+ M M M M+ M M M M M M M M- T 

R C

? 

1 23 

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold) 

Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor; T, Terrible 

FAD's and LAD's consistent with known ranges

Questionable & very questionable occurrences

1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 

Abundance: C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare; B, Barren 

Reworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences

Barren sample 

FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zones

FAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit 

Figure 6. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR St. Stephen corehole 

(BRK-644), Berkeley County, South Carolina. 

?? 

Biostratigraphic Ranges 

Species range with known FAD's & LAD's

Interval where species is absent but should occur

Species range with unknown FAD's & LAD's 

Legend 

12
Depth (ft) 

274.4-274.8253.0-253.4243.1-243.4236.0-236.5233.4-233.8226.5-226.8207.6-208.0182.6-182.9164.2-164.7134.9-135.4111.6-112.0

90.0-90.281.7-82.072.1-72.560.9-61.047.7-47.8

CA. 29 

Sample 

R5606 E

R5606 F

R5606 G

R5606 H

R5606 I

R5606 J

R5606 K

R5606 L

R5606 M

R5606 N

R5606 O

R5606 P

R5606 Q

R5606 R

R5606 S

R5606 T

R5606 U 

Age or NP zone 

equivalent 

Pollen is rare

Paleocene

Pollen is rarePollen is rarePollen is rare

Paleocene

Presumably

Paleocene

Presumably

PaleocenePaleocene

Barren of fossil

pollen

Paleocene,

NP4 or younger

Paleocene, mid-NP5

or younger

NP9NP9

No age

determination

Upper

NP9

Paleocene,

NP7

or younger 

Taxa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Aesculiidites circumstriatus . . . . . . . . . . . . X X . X . 

Bombacacides reticulatus . X . . . X X X X . . X X X X . . 

Carya <29μm . . . . . . . . . . . X X X . . . 

Caryapollenites prodromus group . . . . . . . X . . . . . . . . . 

Favitricolporites baculoferus . . . . . . . . X . . . . . . . . 

Holkopollenites chemardensis . X . . . . X X X . . . . . . . . 

Intratriporopollenites pseudinstructus . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . X . 

Momipites actinus . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . . . 

Momipites coryloides/microfoveolatus . X . . . . . X X . X X X X . prob. ? 

Momipites strictus . . . . . . . . . . . . X X . . X 

Momipites tenuipolus group . . . . . X . . . . X . . . . . . 

Nudopollis terminalis . . . . . . . . . . X . X X X X X 

Pistillipollenites mcgregorii Range base is in NP9 . . . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . 

Platycarya sp. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? . . . 

Plicatopollis triorbicularis type . . . . . . . . . . X X . . . . . 

Pseudoplicapollis limitatus . . . . . . . . . . X . X . . . . 

Psilodiporites iszkaszentgyorgyi Range base is up. NP8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . prob. . . . 

Sparganiaceaepollenites sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 

Thomsonipollis magnificus . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . . X 

Tricolpites asper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . 

Ttricolpites crassus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . 

Triporopollenites microgranulatus . . . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . 

Trudopollis spp., including T. plenus . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . . . 

Ulmipollenites krempii . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . . . 

Ulmipollenites tricostatus . . . . . . . . . . X . . . . . . 

Ulmipollenites undulosus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X . 

prob. = probably belongs to this taxon. 

Figure 7. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR St. Stephen corehole (BRK-644), Berkeley County, South Carolina. 

13
 Depth (Ft) 

444426414400390366363

 Sample 

R3574 ABR3574 ADR3574 AER3574 AGR3574 AHR3574 AKR3574 AL 

Series Paleocene ? 

Subseries 

Lower 

Paleocene 

Taxa 

?Andalusiella rhombohedra of Edwards and others (1984) . X X XXXX 

Achomosphaera alcicornu (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 . . . . X X . 

Amphorosphaeridium multispinosum (Davey & Williams 1966) Sarjeant 1981 . . . . X X . 

Andalusiella polymorpha (Malloy 1972) Lentin & Williams 1977 . X . . . . . 

Apteodinium Eisenack 1958 sp. ? . . . . . . 

Areoligera volata Drugg 1967 . . . ? . . . 

Carpatella cornuta Grigorovich 1969 . X X . . . . 

Cordosphaeridium Eisenack 1963 spp. X X . X X X . 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 . . . X X X . 

Deflandrea cf. D. diebelii Alberti of Drugg (1967) ? . . . . . . 

Deflandrea n. sp. aff. D. truncata Eisenack 1938 X X ? . . . . 

Diphyes colligerum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Cookson 1965 . . . . X X . 

Exochosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 sp. X . . . . . . 

Fibradinium annetorpense Morgenroth 1968 . . . X X X . 

Hafniasphaera Hansen 1977 sp. . . . X.X. 

Hafniasphaera septata (Cookson & Eisenack 1967) Hansen 1977 . . . . X . . 

Hystrichosphaeridium tubiferum (Ehrenberg 1838) Deflandre 1937 . . . . X X . 

Ifecysta Jan du Chêne & Adediran sp. X . . . . . . 

Impagidinium /Pterodinium sp. . X . . . . . 

Kenleyia group . . . . X X . 

Operculodinium Wall 1967 sp. X . . X X X . 

Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 (fat) . . . X.X. 

Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. X . . . . . . 

Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 . . . . X X . 

Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum (Ehrenberg 1838) Sarjeant 1967 . . . X . . . 

Phelodinium magnificum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 (various forms) X X . X X . . 

Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) . . . ? X X . 

Spinidinium densispinatum Stanley 1965 X X . . X . . 

Spinidinium pulchrum (Benson 1976) Lentin & Williams 1977 X X ? . . . . 

Spinidinium Cookson & Eisenack 1962 spp. XXX . . X X 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. . X X X X X . 

Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen 1977) McMinn 1988 s.l. . X . . . . . 

Tenua sp. cf T. formosa of Kurita and McIntyre (1995) . X . . . . . 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms X X . X X . . 

small peridiniacean forms XXX X X X . 

acritarch: Catillopsis sp. X.X . X X . 

(reworked) Chatangiella sp. X . . . . . . 

X=present, .=not present, ?=questionably present 

Figure 8. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the SRS P21TA corehole 

(BRN-335), Barnwell County, South Carolina. 

14
Depth (Ft) 

444440

426.O414.O

380370 

Sample 

R3574A

B

R3574A

C

R3574A

D

R3574A

E

R3574AI

R3574AJ 

Age 

Probably

early

Danian

Probably

early

DanianDanian

Late?

Late

Danian

SelandianSelandian 

Pollen Taxa 

Aesculiidites circumstriatus . . . . X X 

Alnus sp. . . . . . X 

Bombacacidites nanobrochatus . . . . . X 

Bombacacidites paulus . X . . . . 

Bombacacides reticulatus X X X X . X 

Caryapollenites prodromus group . . . X . . 

Choanopollenites conspicuus . . . . X X 

Favitricolporites baculoferus . X X X . . 

Lanagiopollis cribellatus . . . . . X 

Milfordia minima X . . . . . 

Momipites coryloides/microfoveolatus X . X X . X 

Momipites dilatus . . . prob. . X 

Momipites tenuipolus group X X X X . . 

Nudopollis terminalis X X X . . X 

Nyssapollenites paleocenicus X X . . X X 

Osculapollis ? colporatus X X X X . X 

Plicatopollis triradiatus . . X . . . 

Pseudoplicapollis limitatus . . . X . X 

Pseudoplicapollis serenus X . X X . . 

Tricolpites asper . X . . . . 

Tricolpites microreticulatus X? . . . . . 

Trudopollis spp., including T. plenus . . . . . X 

Figure 9. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the SRS P21TA 

corehole (BRN-335), Barnwell County, South Carolina. 

15
Depth (Ft) 

743.2

741.2

736.0

733.0

731.0

726.0

723.3

720.7

713.7

710.0

705.0

699.6

695.1

690.0

684.7

679.7

675.0

670.0

665.0

660.0

655.0

650.0

645.0

635.0

630.0

625.0

620.0

521.0

510.0

497.7

492.0

439.0

412.2

399.0

385.2

378.1

378.0

367.4 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1

NP 1

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

lo wer NP 5 

lo wer NP 5 

lo wer NP 5

c o nt aminat e 

NP 8

NP 8

NP 8

NP 8

c o ntamiant e Taxa 

Biantholithus sparsus NP 1-9 X X Biscutum spp. NP 1-12? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Braarudosphaera discula X X Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 1 C 1 C X X X X X X X X Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- X XXX Chiasmolithus spp. X Coccolithus cribelllum XXX XX X X X Coccolithus pelagicus XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX C. pelagicus/ E. subpertusa X X Cribrocentrum reticulatum NP 16-20 C C C Cruciolithus spp. X Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus N P 1 -5 X X X X X X Cruciplacolithus edwardsii NP 2?-5? XX Cruciplacolithus intermedius NP 1- X X X X X Cruciplacolithus primus N P 1 -5 XXXXXX X X X X Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2 -9 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Cruciplacolithus spp. XXXXXXX XXXXXX XX Cyclagelosphaera alta NP 3-5 X X Cyclagelosphaera alta/prima XX Cyclagelosphaera prima NP 1-10 X X X X X XXXX X X XX XX Cyclagelosphaera reinhardtii N P 1 -5 XXXXX X X X X X X X X X X Cyclagelosphaera spp. X X X Cyclococcolithus formosus NP 12-21 C Cyclococcolithus robustus X Cyclococcolithus spp. X X Dictyococcites bisectus NP 16-NN 1 C C Discoaster barbadiensis NP 11?-20 1C C Discoaster mohleri NP 7-8? X Discoaster spp. 1C 1C X Ellipsolithus bollii N P 4 -5 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX X XXXXX XX Ellipsolithus macellus NP 4 -12 X X Ericsonia obruta NP 16?-25? C Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? X X X XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XX Fasciculithus billii NP 4-5 X Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 X X X Fasciculithus janii NP 4-5 XX Fasciculithus spp. 1 X X Goniolithus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25? X X X X X X X X X X X Helicosphaera compacta NP 16-24 C C Helicosphaera reticulata NP 16-21? C Helicosphaera seminulum NP 12- C C Heliolithus cantabriae NP 5-8 2 Heliolithus kleinpellii NP 6 -8 1C 2 Heliolithus riedelii NP 8 -9 X X X Hornibrookina arca NP 3-10 X X X Hornibrookina spp. X X X Lanternithus duocavus NP 1-5? X X Markalius apertus NP 3-10? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Markalius inversus NP 1-21 XXXXXX X X X XXX 

Biostratigraphic Ranges 

16
Depth (Ft) 

743.2

741.2

736.0

733.0

731.0

726.0

723.3

720.7

713.7

710.0

705.0

699.6

695.1

690.0

684.7

679.7

675.0

670.0

665.0

660.0

655.0

650.0

645.0

635.0

630.0

625.0

620.0

521.0

510.0

497.7

492.0

439.0

412.2

399.0

385.2

378.1

378.0

367.4 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1

NP 1

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

contaminate 

NP 8

NP 8

NP 8

NP 8

contamiante Taxa Biostratigraphic Ranges 

Markalius inversus/apertus X Markalius sp. X Micrantholithus pinguis

 ? 

Micrantholithus spp. X X X X X X X X X Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11? XXXX XX Neochiastozygus imbriei XX XX X X Neochiastozygus junctus X X X Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX X XXXXXX Neococcolithes spp. X XX Neocrepidolithus spp. X X X Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXX XX Pontosphaera multipora C C Pontosphaera punctosa 1C Praeprinsius spp. XXXX Reticulofenestra daviesii NP 13- C C Reticulofenestra floridana NP 13?-NN 6? C Reticulofenestra umblicus NP 16-22 1C C Reticulofenestra spp. C C C C C Rhabdosphaera spp. X Scapholithus apertus NP 5-10 X Sphenolithus primus XX Sphenolithus spp. 1 X Thoracosphaera spp. XXXXXXXX X XXXX X Toweius eminens NP 5?-10 X Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX Toweius tovae NP 5-9 XXX XX Transversopontis pulcheroides NP 12-24? C Transversopontis zigzag NP 14-24 C Zygodiscus herlyni NP 7-11 X X X Zygrhablithus bijugatus NP5?-NN 1 1C X 

Cretaceous forms RRRRRRRRR RRRRRRRRRR R RRR R Abundance C-C+ A A A A C+ C C- C- C- C- C-C+C+C-C+C- C- C- C- C- C- C- C- C-C+C- C- A C- C- F- C C CPreservation M M M G M M G M-M- P P P P M- M M M P M- P P P M- M M M M M+ M M M M- M 

RC 

123 

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold) Figure 10. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Cannon Park corehole (CHN-800), Charleston County, South Carolina. Species range with known FAD's & LAD'sInterval where species is absent but should occurSpecies range with unknown FAD's & LAD'sReworked, contaminated occurrences FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zonesFAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit 1, 2, 3 specimens in sample Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor: T, Terrible FAD's and LAD's consistent with known ranges Abundance: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare 

Legend 

17
Depth (Ft) 

368.3'365.4'360.6'353.2'348.5'343.5'331.4'322.3'315.4'307.6'302.5'295.0'286.0'276.2'270.7'266.5'253.2'237.6'229.3'222.6'214.6'205.9'200.5'195.0' 

Inferred Nannofossil Zone 

NP 4NP 4

Contam

NP 5NP 5NP 5NP 5NP 5NP 5

NP 5 U

??

NP 5 U

NP 8NP 8 

Taxa; Biostratigraphic Ranges

Biscutum spp. NP 1-12? X 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X X 

Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 sm sm X X XXX XX X 

Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- X X X 

Chiasmolithus spp. X 

Coccolithus cribellum X 

Coccolithus pelagicus X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus NP 1-5 1? 

Cruciplacolithus edwardsii NP 2?-5? X ? 

Cruciplacolithus intermedius NP 1- X ? 

Cruciplacolitlhus primus NP 1-5 X X X 

Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2-9 X X ? 

Cruciplacolithus spp. X X X 

Cyclagelosphaera alta NP 3-5 ? 

Cyclagelosphaera reinhardtii NP 1-5 X 

Cyclococcolithus spp. X X 

Dictyococcites bisectus NP 16-NN 1 C 

Dictyococcites scrippsae NP 16-24? C 

Discoaster distinctus/deflandrei NP 12-NN 7 C C 

Discoaster woodringii NP19/20-21,24-25 ?C 

Discoaster spp. 5C 

Ellipsolithus bollii NP 4-5 X X X 

Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? X X X X X X X 

Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 X 

Fasciculithus tympaniformis NP 5-10 X 

Fasciculithus ulii NP 5 X X 

Fasciculithus spp. X X 

Goniolithus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25? X 

Helicosphaera bramlettei NP -25 C 

Helicosphaera intermedia C 

Helicosphaera lophota NP 12- ?C C 

Helicosphaera spp. C 

Heliolithus cantabriae NP 5-8 X X ? 

Heliolithus riedelii NP 8-9 X X 

Hornibrookina arca NP 3-10 X X X 

Markalius apertus NP 3-10? X ? 

Markalius inversus NP 1-21 X 

Micrantholithus vesper ?? 

Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11 X X X 

Neochiastozygus junctus X X 

Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus XX X X X XXX XX X 

Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Pontosphaera multipora C ? 

Reticulofenestra abisecta NP 24?-NN1 C C 1C C 

Reticulofenestra daviesii NP 13- C 

Reticulofenestra floridana NP 13?-NN 6? 1C C C 

Reticulofenestra spp. C 

Sphenolithus anarrhopus X 

Sphenolithus ciperoensis NP 24-25 C 

Sphenolithus primus ? 

Sphenolithus spp. X 

Thoracosphaera spp. X X X X X X X X X 

Toweius eminens eminens NP 5?-10 X X 

18
Depth (Ft) 

368.3'365.4'360.6'353.2'348.5'343.5'331.4'322.3'315.4'307.6'302.5'295.0'286.0'276.2'270.7'266.5'253.2'237.6'229.3'222.6'214.6'205.9'200.5'195.0' 

Inferred Nannofossil Zone 

NP 4NP 4

Contam

NP 5NP 5NP 5NP 5NP 5NP 5

NP 5 U

??

NP 5 U

NP 8NP 8 

Taxa; Biostratigraphic Ranges

Toweius eminens tovae NP 5-9 X X X X 

Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 X X X X X X X sm X X 

Toweius serotinus NP 9-10 X X 

Zygodiscus herlyni NP 7-11 2 X 

Cretaceous forms R R 

Abundance C+C- A C+ C- C- C A F+C- R C-C- F+ 

Preservation M G P M+ P P G P P T G M G 

Legend: 

species range w/ known FAD's & LAD's

interval where species is absent but should occur

species range w/ unknown FAD's & LAD's

reworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences R C

barren sample

FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zones

FAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit

FAD's and LAD's consistent with known ranges

questionable & really questionable occurrences ? ?? 

1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 1

aff. @

pacolith with a narrow rim nr

small specimen sm

small central area sc

number of rays for discoasters & bifurcated rays 6r 6b 

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold)

Abundance: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare; B, Barren

Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor 

Figure 11. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Moores Landing 

corehole (CHN-802), Charleston County, South Carolina.

19
Depth (Ft) 

367. 1

365. 9

364. 4

362. 0

353. 0

331. 8

322. 5

308. 4

302. 6

296. 7

290. 8

289. 8

288. 5

285. 5

281. 0

280. 2

273. 6

273. 4

270. 4

269. 5

268. 4

265. 5

261. 0

255. 8

252. 1

247. 0

239. 3

235. 5

233. 5

228. 7

178. 4

171. 4

165. 4

154. 0

141. 9

136. 0

131. 6

126. 4

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

l owe r NP 5

Taxa 

Biantholithus sparsus NP 1-9 X X Biscutum spp. NP 1-12 ? X X Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent XXXXXXX XXXXXXX XX X X XXXXX Braarudosphaera discula X 1 Braarudosphaera spp. X X Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 1 XXXXXXXXXXXChiasmolithus sp. aff C. bidens NP 4 X 1 Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- 1 1 1 1 X XXXX X Chiasmolithus spp. X Coccolithus cribellum X X Coccolithus pelagicus 1 X 1 2 XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXCruciplacolithus asymmetricus N P 1 -5 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 1 Cruciplacolithus edwardsii NP 2?-5 ? ?1 ? Cruciplacolithus intermedius NP 1- X X X X X X ? Cruciplacolitlhus primus N P 1 -5 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2 -9 1 X X 1 XXXXXXXXX X X Cruciplacolithus spp.

 X 

X X 

Cyclagelosphaer alta NP 3-5 ? Cyclagelosphaera prima NP 1-10 X X X X X Cyclagelosphaera reinhardtii NP 1-5 X Cyclagelosphaera spp. X X X X X Cyclococcolithus robustus Cyclococcolithus spp. X X X Ellipsolithus bollii NP 4-5 X1 X X Ellipsolithus distichus NP 4-12 1 Ellipsolithus macellus NP 4 -12 XXX Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12 ? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X ? X X X X X Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 Fasciculithus spp. XXX Goniolithus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25 ? X X X X X X X X Heliolithus cantabriae NP 5-8 Heliolithus kleinpellii NP 6 -8 Heliolithus spp. ?? Hornibrookina spp. X X XXXXXX X X Lanternithus duocavus NP 1-5 ? X Lanternithus sp. ? Markalius apertus NP 3-10 ? ? Markalius inversus NP 1-21 X X X X X X X X X X XXX Micrantholithus aequalis 1 Micrantholithus fornicatus X Micrantholithus pinguis X X Micrantholithus vesper ? Micrantholithus spp. X X X X Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11 ? X X X X Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus X X X XXXXX XXX XXX XXNeococcolithes spp. X X X X X X X X X X XXXX 

Biostratigraphic Ranges 

20
Depth (Ft) 

367.1

365.9

364.4

362.0

353.0

331.8

322.5

308.4

302.6

296.7

290.8

289.8

288.5

285.5

281.0

280.2

273.6

273.4

270.4

269.5

268.4

265.5

261.0

255.8

252.1

247.0

239.3

235.5

233.5

228.7

178.4

171.4

165.4

154.0

141.9

136.0

131.6

126.4

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

NP 4

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

lower NP 5

Taxa Biostratigraphic Ranges 

Neocrepidolithus spp. X X Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXPraeprinsius spp. X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Sphenolithus primus Thoracosphaera spp. XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX X Toweius eminens eminens NP 5?-10 Toweius eminens tovae NP 5-9 X X X Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Toweius spp. 

placoliths X X 

Cretaceous forms RRRRRRR R R R R R R R R R R R 

Abundance C-C- C-F+ C F+F+F+C+C+F+C-C-C-C-F+ R F+F+F+C+F+C-C-C- F- F- A-C+F+ A C+F+C-C-F+F+

Preservation M G G M M M+ M M G M M M M+ M M M T P M- P P M G M M P M G G M M+M+M+M+M- P P 

R C

? 

1

FAD's and LAD's consistent with known rangesQuestionable occurrences 1, 2, 3 specimens in sample Species range with unknown FAD's & LAD'sReworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zonesFAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit 

Figure 12. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Santee Coastal Reserve corehole (CHN-803), Charleston C

Abundance: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; R, RarePreservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor; T, Terrible 

Legend 

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold) Species range with known FAD's & LAD'sInterval where species is absent but should occur 

21
 Depth (Ft) 

972.1-972.4901.0-901.3823.0-823.3729.0-729.4719.1-719.4 

Sample 

R6122 AL

R6122 AK

R6122 AJ

R6122 AI

R6122 AH 

Series Paleocene 

Subseries upper 

Taxa 

?Andalusiella rhombohedra of Edwards and others (1984) X X . . . 

Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 X . . . X 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 ? X X X X 

Deflandrea delineata Cookson & Eisenack 1965 ? X X X . 

Exochosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 sp. X . . . . 

Fibradinium annetorpense Morgenroth 1968 X . . . . 

Fibrocysta Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. X . . . . 

Fromea fragilis (Cookson & Eisenack 1962) Stover & Evitt 1978 . . . . X 

Hystrichokolpoma unispinum Williams & Downie 1966 . . . . X 

Impagidinium Stover & Evitt 1978 spp. X . . . . 

Kallosphaeridium brevibarbatum de Coninck 1969 . . . . X 

Kallosphaeridium De Coninck 1969 spp. X . . . . 

Nematosphaeropsis Deflandre & Cookson 1955 sp. . ? . . X 

Operculodinium Wall 1967 spp. X . . . X 

Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 X X . X . 

Phelodinium Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. X . . . . 

Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) X X . X . 

Spinidinium Cookson & Eisenack 1962 spp. X . . . . 

Spiniferites mirabilis (Rossignol 1964) Sarjeant 1970 . . . . . 

Spiniferites pseudofurcatus (Klumpp 1953) Sarjeant 1970 X . . . . 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X X . X X 

Turbiosphaera filosa (Wilson 1967) Archangelsky 1969 . . . X . 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms X X . . X 

miscellaneous cladopyxidiacean forms . . . X . 

small peridiniacean forms X . . X X 

X=present, .=not present, ?=questionably present 

Figure 13. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the 

USGS/DNR Edisto Island corehole (COL-364), Colleton County, South Carolina. 

22
Depth (Ft) 

972.4962.3952.3923.5906.9894.0874.0866.0856.6847.6838.2815.0805.5794.3791.5769.6757.6742.1729.0723.8716.0706.0 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5

NP 5NP 5

upper NP 5upper NP 5

NP 8NP 8NP 8NP 8NP 8 

Taxa 

Biscutum spp. NP 1-12? X 

Blackites spp. C 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Campylosphaera dela NP 9-17 C 

Cepekiella lumina NP 11-24? 1C 

Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- XX X X X X X 

Coccolithus pelagicus X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus NP 1-5 XX XX 

Cruciplacolithus primus NP 1-5 XX X 

Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2-9 X X X X X 

Cruciplacolithus spp. X X X X X X X X 

Cyclagelosphaera spp. X X X X 

Cyclococcolithus spp. X X X X X X X X X X 

Discoaster mohleri NP 7-8? X X 

Discoaster spp. 1C 

Ellipsolithus bollii NP 4-5 X X X X X X X X X 

Ellipsolithus distichus NP 4-12 XX X X 

Ellipsolithus macellus NP 4-12 X X X X X 

Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 X X X 

Fasciculithus ulii NP 5 X X X X X X X 

Fasciculithus spp. X X 

Goniolithus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25? XX 

Heliolithus cantabriae NP 5-8 X X X 

Heliolithus riedelii NP 8-9 XX X 

Hornibrookina arca NP 3-10 XX 

Isthmolithus recurvus NP 19/20-21 1C 

Lophodolithus spp. ? 

Markalius apertus NP 3-10? X X X X X X 

Markalius inversus NP 1-21 XX XX X 

Micrantholithus inaequalis ? 

Micrantholithus pinguis ? 

Micrantholithus spp. X X X X 

Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11 X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Neochiastozygus junctus X 

Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Neocrepidolithus spp. X X 

Pemma spp. ? 

Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Pontosphaera spp. X 

Praeprinsius spp. X 

Reticulofenestra umblicus NP 16-22 1C 

Reticulofenestra spp. C 

Scapholithus apertus NP 5-10 X X 

Sphenolithus anarrhopus X 

Sphenolithus primus/moriformis X X X X X 

Sphenolithus spp. X ? 

Thoracosphaera spp. X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Toweius eminens eminens NP 5?-10 X X 

Toweius eminens tovae NP 5-9 XX X X X X 

Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Toweius serotinus NP 9-10 1C ? 

Transversopontis pulcher NP 9-17? C 2C 

Zygodiscus herlyni NP 7-11 X X X X 

placoliths X 

Biostratigraphic Ranges 

23
Depth (Ft) 

972.4962.3952.3923.5906.9894.0874.0866.0856.6847.6838.2815.0805.5794.3791.5769.6757.6742.1729.0723.8716.0706.0 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5

NP 5NP 5

upper NP 5upper NP 5

NP 8NP 8NP 8NP 8NP 8 

Taxa Biostratigraphic Ranges 

Cretaceous forms R R R 

Abundance F+ F+ C- A C- C C- C- C-C-C+C-F+ R F- F-C+ A F- A C+ 

Preservation M M+ M M+ M M M M M M M M P P P M G P M- P 

R C

? 

1 2 3

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold)

Abundance: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare

Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor 

Legend 

Figure 14. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Edisto Island 

corehole (COL-364), Colleton County, South Carolina. 

Species range with known FAD's & LAD's

Interval where species is absent but should occur

Species range with unknown FAD's & LAD's

Reworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences 

FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zones

FAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit

FAD's and LAD's consistent with known ranges

Questionable occurrences 

1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 

24
Depth in ft 972.1-972.4 901.0-901.3 823.0-823.3 729.0-729.4 719.1-719.4 

Sample R6122AL R6122AK R6122AJ R6122AI R6122AH 

Age or NP zone 

equivalent 

Very sparse 

pollen 

Apparently 

NP5 

Paleocene, 

older than 

mid-NP5? 

Paleocene, 

NP5 or 

younger 

Paleocene, 

NP8 or 

younger 

Taxa 

Aesculiidites circumstriatus . . . X . 

Carya <29μm range base = mid-NP5 . . . X X 

Choanopollenites sp. cf. C. consanguineus . X X . . 

Choanopollenites conspicuus Range top = NP5 . X . . . 

Favitricolporites baculoferus . . X X X 

Momipites actinus . . . . X 

Momipites dilatus Range top = NP8 . X . . . 

Momipites strictus . . . . X 

Nudopollis terminalis . . X . X 

Nudopollis thiergartii . . . X . 

Platycarya sp. A NP8 to lower Eocene . . . . X 

Plicatopollis triorbicularis type . . . X X 

Plicatopollis triradiatus . . . X X 

Pseudoplicapollis limitatus . . X X . 

Sparganiaceaepollenites sp. . . . X . 

Spinaepollis spinosus Range base = approx. NP 4-5 bound. . X . X . 

Thomsonipollis magnificus . . X X X 

Trudopollis spp., including T. plenus . X X . X 

Figure 15. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Edisto Island corehole (COL-364), 

Colleton County, South Carolina. 

25
Depth (Ft)* 

797

780

768

758

741

739

729

700

652

643

633

629

600

Sample 

R4209 AB

R4209 AC

R4209 AD

R4209 AE

DC-19

R4209 AF

R4209 AG

DC-18

R4209 AJ

DC-17

R4209 AK

R4209 AL

DC16

Taxa 

Achomosphaera alcicornu (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 . . . . . . . . . . . . Amphorosphaeridium ? multispinosum (Davey & Williams 1966) Sarjeant 1981 . . . . . . . . . . . . Andalusiella sp. aff. A. polymorpha of Edwards (1980) . . . . . . . . . . . . X Andalusiella Riegel 1974 spp. . . . X . . . . . . . . ?Andalusiella rhombohedra of Edwards and others (1984) . X X . . . . X X . . . Apectodinium homomorphum (Defl. & Cook. 1955) Lentin & Williams 1977 . . . . . . . . . . . . Areoligera volata Drugg 1967 X . X X . X X . X . . cf ?Canningia Cookson & Eisenack 1960 sp. . . X X . X X . . . . X cf. Catillopsis Drugg 1970 . X X . . . X . . . . . Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 . . X X . . . . X . . X Cordosphaeridium gracile (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 . . . . . . . . . . . X Cordosphaeridium inodes (Klumpp 1953) Eisenack 1963 X X X . . X X . . . . . Cordosphaeridium Eisenack 1963 spp. . . . . . . . . X . . X Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 X ? . . . X X . X . . X Deflandrea delineata Cookson & Eisenack 1965 . . . . . . . . . . . . Deflandrea cf. D. diebelii Alberti of Drugg (1967) X X X X . X . . X X . . Deflandrea n. sp. aff. D. truncata Eisenack 1938 X X X cf . X X . X . . . Diphyes colligerum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Cookson 1965 X X X . . X X . . . . X Disphaerogena carposphaeropsis Wetzel 1933 . X . . . . . . . . . . Exochosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 spp. X X X X X X X . X X . cf X Fibradinium annetorpense Morgenroth 1968 . X . . . . . . . . . X Fibrocysta lappacea (Drugg 1970) Stover & Evitt 1978 . . . ? . . X . . . . . Gonyaulacacysta group X . . . . . . . . . . . Hafniasphaera septata (Cookson & Eisenack 1967) Hansen 1977 . ? X X . . . . . . . X Hafniasphaera Hansen 1977 sp. X X X . . . . . . . . . Hystrichokolpoma Deflandre 1935 spp. . X X . . . X . . . . . Hystrichosphaeridium tubiferum (Ehrenberg 1838) Deflandre 1937 . X X . . X X . . . . . Impagidinium Stover & Evitt 1978 spp. (and transitional forms) . X X . . X X . X . . X Ifecysta Jan du Chêne & Adediran 1985 sp. X X . . . . . . . . . . 

26
Depth (Ft)* 

797

780

768

758

741

739

729

700

652

643

633

629

600

Sample 

R4209 AB

R4209 AC

R4209 AD

R4209 AE

DC-19

R4209 AF

R4209 AG

DC-18

R4209 AJ

DC-17

R4209 AK

R4209 AL

DC16

Taxa 

Kallosphaeridium de Coninck1969 ? sp. . . . . . . . . . . . X Operculodinium centrocarpum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Wall 1967 . X X X . . X . X . . . Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 . . . . . . . . . . . . Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. (fat) X X X X X X X X X X . X Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum (Ehrenberg 1838) Sarjeant 1967 . X X X . . . . . . . . Phelodinium magnificum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 . X X . . . . X X X . . Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) . . . . . . . . . . . X Phelodinium Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. X . . . X X X . . . . . Senoniasphaera inornata (Drugg 1970) Stover & Evitt 1978 . X . . . . . . X . . . Spinidinium pulchrum (Benson 1976) Lentin & Williams 1977 X X X X X X X X X . . cf Spinidinium Cookson & Eisenack 1962 spp. X X X X X X X X X X . . Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X X X X . X X X X . . X Tanyosphaeridium xanthiopyxides (Wetzel 1933) Stover & Evitt 1978 X X . . . . . . . . . X Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen 1977) McMinn 1988 ( sensu amplo ) . . X X . X X . X X . . Tenua sp. cf. T. formosa of Kurita and McIntyre (1995) . . X cf . cf . . X . X . Trithyrodinium Drugg 1967 sp. ? . . . . . . . . . . . Tubiosphaera filosa (Wilson 1967) Archangelsky 1969 . . . . . . . . . . . X Turbiosphaera sp. aff. T. magnifica Eaton of Edwards (1989) . . . . . . ! . . . . . Veryhachium -group acritarch . X . . . . . . . . . . miscellaneous areoligeracean forms X X X X . . X . . . . X miscellaneous cladopyxiaceaen forms X X . . . . . . . . . . small peridiniacean forms . X X X X X X X X X X X X 

*Depths recorded at the time of sampling. To convert to log depths, add 5 ft. 

cf = similar to this taxon. Figure 16. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Clubhouse Crossroads No. 1 corehole (DOR-37), Dorchester County, South Carolina. 

27
Depth (Ft) 

796. 0

795. 0

794. 7

794. 5

794. 0

793. 5

793. 0

792. 5

792. 0

788. 0

782. 0

781. 0

776. 5

771. 0

767. 0

761. 0

759. 0

741. 0

735. 0

730. 0

726. 0

721. 0

720. 0

715. 0

711. 0

707. 0

699. 0

685. 0

681. 0

653. 0

651. 0

647. 0

643. 0

635. 0

631. 0

627. 0

621. 0

617. 0

611. 0

607. 0

601. 0

597. 0

591. 0

587. 0

581. 0

575. 0

571. 0

567. 0

561. 0

557. 0

551. 0

539. 0

535. 0

531. 0

527. 0

521. 0

511. 0

507. 0

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 1 

NP 2 

NP 2 

NP 2 

NP 2 

NP 2 

NP 2 

NP 2 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3 

NP 3

B a rren

B a rren

B a rren

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5 

NP 5

B a rren

NP 5

u ppe r NP 5 

u ppe r NP 5? 

u ppe r NP 5? 

u ppe r NP 5? 

u ppe r NP 5? 

Taxa 

Biantholithus sparsus NP 1-9 X X Biscutum spp. NP 1-12? X X X X X Blackites spp.

 ? 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X X X X XXXX X X X XXX XXX X XXXXX XXX X Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 1 1 1 XXXXXX XX XX XX Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- X X X X X X X Chiasmolithus spp. ?? Coccolithus cribellum X X X X X Coccolithus eopelagicus C Coccolithus pelagicus XXXXXX XXXX XXXXX X XXXXXXX XXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX XX XX Cribrocentrum reticulatum NP 16-20 C Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus N P 1 -5 X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Cruciplacolithus edwardsii NP 2?-5? X Cruciplacolithus intermedius NP 1- X X 2 Cruciplacolithus primus NP 1-5 X X X X X X X X X Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2 -9 X X X Cruciplacolithus spp. X X XXXXXX X XXX XXXXX XX XX XXX XXXXX XXX Cyclagelosphaera reinhardtii NP 1-5 X X X Cyclagelosphaera spp. X X X X X X X X X X Cyclococcolithus robustus X Cyclococcolithus sp. X X Dictyococcites bisectus NP 16-NN1 C C Discoaster multiradiatus NP 9 -11 Discoaster spp. Ellipsolithus macellus NP 4 -12 X X X X Ellipsolithus sp. 1 Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX X Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 X Fasciculithus janii NP 4-5 X X Fasciculithus pileatus NP 5? X Fasciculithus tympaniformis NP 5 -10 X Fasciculithus ulii NP 5 X Fasciculithus spp. C X X X X X X Goniolithus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25? X X Helicosphaera compacta NP 16-24 C Helicosphaera spp. C Heliolithus cantabriae NP 5-8 X Heliolithus spp. NP 5-9 1 Hornibrookina spp. X X X Lanternithus duocavus NP 1-5? X X Lanternithus spp. X X Markalius apertus NP 3-10? X X Markalius inversus NP 1-21 X X X X XXXX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Micrantholithus aequalis X Micrantholithus pinguis X X X X Micrantholithus spp. X X Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11 X X X X X X Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus XX XXX XXXX X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Neococcolithes spp. XX Neocrepidolithus sp. X Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 X X X X X XXXX XX XXXX XX X X X X X X X XXXXXXXXXXXX XX Praeprinsius s p . X X X X X X X X Reticulofenestra daviesii NP 13- C Reticulofenestra floridana NP 13?-NN 6? C CC Reticulofenestra hillae C Reticulofenestra placomorpha C Reticulofenestra umblicus NP 16-22 C C Reticulofenestra spp. C Sphenolithus primus X X Thoracosphaera spp. XXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXX XXXXXXXXXXXX XX X X Toweius eminens tovae NP 5-9 X 

Biostratigraphic Ranges 

28
Depth (Ft) 

796.0

795.0

794.7

794.5

794.0

793.5

793.0

792.5

792.0

788.0

782.0

781.0

776.5

771.0

767.0

761.0

759.0

741.0

735.0

730.0

726.0

721.0

720.0

715.0

711.0

707.0

699.0

685.0

681.0

653.0

651.0

647.0

643.0

635.0

631.0

627.0

621.0

617.0

611.0

607.0

601.0

597.0

591.0

587.0

581.0

575.0

571.0

567.0

561.0

557.0

551.0

539.0

535.0

531.0

527.0

521.0

511.0

507.0

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 1

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 2

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

NP 3

Barren

Barren

Barren

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

NP 5

Barren

NP 5

upper NP 5

upper NP 5?

upper NP 5?

upper NP 5?

upper NP 5?

Taxa Biostratigraphic Ranges 

Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX Zygrhablithus bijugatus NP 5?-NN 1 C 

placoliths X 

Cretaceous forms R R RRRRRR RR R R RR R R 

Abundance A C- C+C- C+ C-F+C- C- C- F+F+ C-F+C- F+F+ B B B F+F+C-F+F+C- C- C- C- F+ B F+F+R+ 

Preservation M+ M M G G P M+ M M M M+ M M M+ M M+ M M M M+ M M G M M M M M M P 

RC 

? ?? 123 

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold) Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor FAD's and LAD's consistent with known rangesQuestionable & very questionable occurrences1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 

Abundance: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare; 

B, Barren 

Figure 17. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Clubhouse Crossroads No. 1 corehole (DOR-37), Dorchester County, South Carolina. 

Legend 

Species range with known FAD's & LAD'sInterval where species is absent but should occurSpecies range with unknown FAD's & LAD'sReworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences

Barren sampleFAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zonesFAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit 

29
Core depth (Ft)* 797 792 780 768 758.3 741 700 643 629 626 613 600 587 573 564 5

Sample R4209AB DC-792 R4209AC R4209AD R4209AE DC-19 DC-18 DC-17 R4209AL R4209J R4209I DC-16 R4209H R4209G R4209F R42

Age or NP zone equivalent 

Type 

Rhems 

age** 

Type 

Rhems 

age** 

Type 

Rhems 

age** 

Type 

Rhems 

age** 

Possible 

type 

Rhems 

age** 

Prob. 

NP 3-5 

Apparently 

early NP4 

(latest 

Danian) 

Late 

Danian Paleocene 

Paleocene, 

not younger 

than NP8 

Paleocene, 

not younger 

than NP8 

Late NP4 

to NP5 

Paleocene, 

not younger 

than NP8 

Late NP4 

to NP5 

Late NP4 

to NP5 

LN

to 

Taxa; known biostratigraphic ranges 

Aesculiidites circumstriatus NP 4-10 . . . . . . . . . . . X X X Q 

Bombacacidites nacimientoensis . . . X . . . . . . . . . . X 

Bombacacides reticulatus . X . X X X X X X X X X X X X 

Carya <29μm Mid-NP5-NP16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Caryapollenites prodromus group . . . X X . . . . . . . . X . 

Choanopollenites alabamicus Cret.-NP8 . X . prob. X . X . . . X . X . . 

Choanopollenites sp. cf. C. consanguineus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Choanopollenites conspicuus Low. Paleocene-NP8 . X . X . . . . . X . . X . . 

Choanopollenites patricius NP5-NP8 or ?9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Faguspollenites sp. . . . . . . . . . . . X . . . 

Favitricolporites baculoferus Low. Paleocene - NP 10 or 15 . X . . X X . . . X X . . X X 

Holkopollenites chemardensis . X . X . X X X X . . . X . X 

Interpollis paleocenicus X X . . X . . . X . . . . . . 

Intratriporopollenites pseudinstructus . . . . X X X X . X . . X X . 

Jarzenipollis trinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Labrapollis globosus . . . . . . . . . . . X . . . 

Lanagiopollis cribellatus . . . . X . . . . . . . X . . 

Lanagiopollis lihokus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 

Matanomadhiasulcites maximus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Milfordia incerta . . . . . . . X . . . . . . . 

Milfordia minima Base = NP4 . . . . . . X . . . . . . . . 

Momipites actinus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Momipites coryloides X X X X X X X . X X X X X X . 

Momipites dilatus . X . . . X X X . . . . X . . 

Momipites flexus . . . . . X X . . X . . . . . 

Momipites microfoveolatus . X . . . X X X . . . X . . . 

Momipites strictus . X . X . . X X . . . X X . . 

Momipites tenuipolus group X X . X X X X X X X X X X X X Nudopollis endangulatus NP6?-9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Nudopollis terminalis . . . X X . X . X . . X X X X 

Nudopollis thiergartii Cret.-NP9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Nyssapollenites paleocenicus type Rhems X X X X poss. . . . . . . . . . . 

Osculapollis ? colporatus NP 3-5 . . . . . X X X . . . X . X X 

Platycarya platycaryoides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Platycaryapollenites swasticoidus NP 10-?15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Platycarya sp. A Base = NP8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Platycarya sp. cf. P. sp. A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Plicatopollis triorbicularis type . . . . . X X . . . . . . . . 

Plicatopollis triradiatus . X . . X . X . . . X . X X . 

Porocolpopollenites ollivierae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X 

Pseudoplicapollis limitatus NP-3? - NP9 . . . . . . X . X X X X . . X 

Pseudoplicapollis serenus Cret. and Danian X X . X . X X X . . . . . . . 

Retitrescolpites anguloluminosus . X . . . . . . . . . X . . . 

Sparganiaceaepollenites sp. . . X . . . X . . . . . . . . 

Spinaepollis spinosus Top = NP9 . . . . . . . . . . . . X . . 

Subtriporopollenites anulatus NP3-12 or 15 . . . . . . X . . . . . . . . Subtriporopollenites nanus NP5-12 or 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Thomsonipollis magnificus Cret.? - NP10 . . . . . . . . . . . . X X . 

Tricolpites asper . . . X . X X X . . . X X . X 

Ttricolpites crassus NP 7 or 8 - 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Triporopollenites microgranulatus . . . . . X . . . . . X . . . 

Trudopollis spp., includingT. plenu s . . . . . . X . X X X X X X X 

Ulmipollenites krempii . . . X . . . . . . . . . . . 

Ulmipollenites tricostatus . X . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

*Depths recorded at the time of sampling. To convert to log depths, add 5 ft. **The Rhems Formation appears to be mainly or entirely of Danian (early Paleocene) age. 

Figure 18. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Clubhouse Crossroads No. 1 corehole (DOR-37), Dorchester County, South Carolina. 

30
Core depth (Ft)* 518.5 506 500 488 478 466.9-468.6 466.8 451 450 448 434 

Sample R4209B R4209A DC-12 R5113E DC478 R5113C DC466'9" DC451 DC-11 DC448 DC-10 

Age or NP zone equivalent Mid-NP5 to NP8 Mid-NP5 to NP8 or 9 NP 8-9 Mid-NP5 to NP9 NP 8-9 Late Paleocene NP 7 or 8 to NP9 NP 7 or 8 to NP9 Mid-NP5 to NP9 NP 7 or 8 to NP9 Prob. NP 10 

Taxa; known biostratigraphic ranges 

Aesculiidites circumstriatus NP 4-10 . X X . . . X . . . X 

Bombacacidites nacimientoensis . . X X C . . . . X . 

Bombacacides reticulatus X X X X X . X . . . . 

Carya <29μm Mid-NP5-NP16 X X X X X . X X X X X 

Caryapollenites prodromus group X X X X . . X . . X . 

Choanopollenites alabamicus Cret.-NP8 . . . . . . . . . . . 

Choanopollenites sp. cf. C. consanguineus . X . . . . . . . . . 

Choanopollenites conspicuus Low. Paleocene-NP8 X . . . . . . . . . . 

Choanopollenites patricius NP5-NP8 or ?9 . X . . . . . . . . . 

Faguspollenites sp. . . . . . . . . . . . 

Favitricolporites baculoferus Low. Paleocene - NP 10 or 15 X X X X . . X . . . X 

Holkopollenites chemardensis X X X . . . . . . . . 

Interpollis paleocenicus . . . . . . . . . . . 

Intratriporopollenites pseudinstructus . X X X . . X . X X . 

Jarzenipollis trinus . X X . . . . . . . X 

Labrapollis globosus . X X . . . . . . . . 

Lanagiopollis cribellatus . . . . . . . . . . . 

Lanagiopollis lihokus . . X . . . . . . . . 

Matanomadhiasulcites maximus . . . . . X . . . . . 

Milfordia incerta . . . . . . . . . . X Milfordia minima Base = NP4 X . X . X . X . X X X 

Momipites actinus . X X . . . . . . . . 

Momipites coryloides X X X . X . . . . X X 

Momipites dilatus X X X . . . . . . . . 

Momipites flexus X X . . . . X . . X . 

Momipites microfoveolatus . . X . X . X . X X X 

Momipites strictus X X X X X . X X X X . 

Momipites tenuipolus group X X X . . . X . . X . 

Nudopollis endangulatus NP6?-9 X X . . . . . X . X . 

Nudopollis terminalis X X X X X . X X X X X Nudopollis thiergartii Cret.-NP9 X . X . . . . . . X . 

Nyssapollenites paleocenicus type Rhems . . . . . . . . . . . 

Osculapollis ? colporatus NP 3-5 . . . . . . . . . . . 

Platycarya platycaryoides . . . . . . . . . . X 

Platycaryapollenites swasticoidus NP 10-?15 . . . . . . . . . . X 

Platycarya sp. A Base = NP8 . . X . X . Q P . . X Platycarya sp. cf. P. sp. A . . . . . . . . . X . 

Plicatopollis triorbicularis type . X X . . . X . . . X 

Plicatopollis triradiatus X X X . . . X . X X X 

Porocolpopollenites ollivierae . . . X X . X . . X . 

Pseudoplicapollis limitatus NP-3? - NP9 Q X . . . . . X . . X 

Pseudoplicapollis serenus Cret. and Danian . . . . . . . . . . . 

Retitrescolpites anguloluminosus . . . . . . . . . . . 

Sparganiaceaepollenites sp. . X X X X . X . . X . 

Spinaepollis spinosus Top = NP9 X X . X . . . . . . . 

Subtriporopollenites anulatus NP3-12 or 15 . X . . . . . . . . . 

Subtriporopollenites nanus NP5-12 or 15 . X . . . . . . . . X 

Thomsonipollis magnificus Cret.? - NP10 X X X X . . X . . . . 

Tricolpites asper X X X X X . X X X . X 

Ttricolpites crassus NP 7 or 8 - 9 . . X . X . X X . X . 

Triporopollenites microgranulatus . . . . . . . . . . X 

Trudopollis spp., includingT. plenu s X X X X X . X X . X . 

Ulmipollenites krempii . X . . . . X . X . . 

Ulmipollenites tricostatus . . X . . . . . . . . 

*Depths recorded at the time of sampling. To convert to log depths **The Rhems Formation appears to be mainly or entirely of Danian 

Figure 18. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS C l 

31
Depth (Ft) 

337.0

326.3

317.1

274.8

258.8 

Inferred Nannofossil Zone 

NP 9

NP 9

NP 9

Contaminated

Contaminated 

Taxa; Biostratigraphic Ranges Legend:

Biscutum spp. NP 1-12? X Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X species range w/ known FAD's & LAD'sCampylosphaera dela NP 9-17 1 interval where species is absent but should occur Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 X X X species range w/ unknown FAD's & LAD'sCoccolithus eopelagicus C reworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences R Coccolithus pelagicus X X X barren sampleCribrocentrum reticulatum NP 16-20 C C FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zonesCruciplacolithus spp. X FAD's and LAD's used to define age of unitCyclagelosphaera prima NP 1-10 X X FAD's and LAD's consistent with known rangesCyclococcolithus formosus NP 12-21 C C questionable & really questionable occurrences ? Dictyococcites scrippsae NP 16-24? C 1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 1Discoaster barbadiensis NP 11?-20 C aff. @Discoaster lenticularis NP 9-10 X pacolith with a narrow rim nrDiscoaster sp. aff D. mohleri X small specimen smDiscoaster multiradiatus NP 9-11 X X small central area scDiscoaster saipanensis NP 14-19/20 C number of rays for discoasters & bifurcated rays 6r Discoaster salisburgensis NP 8-12? X Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold)Ericsonia obruta NP 16?-25? C Abundance: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare; B, BaEricsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? X X X Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor Fasciculithus alanii NP 9 ?X Fasciculithus aubertae NP 8-10 ?? Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 XXX Fasciculithus tympaniformis NP 5-10 X Heliolithus spp. 2 Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11 ? X X Neochiastozygus imbriei X Neococcolithes spp. X X Neocrepidolithus spp. X Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 X Pontosphaera spp. X Prinsius spp. X Reticulofenestra daviesii NP 13- C Reticulofenestra floridana NP 13?-NN 6? C Reticulofenestra umblicus NP 16-22 C Reticulofenestra spp. C C Rhabdosphaera spp. C Scapholithus apertus NP 5-10 X Sphenolithus moriformis C 

32
Depth (Ft) 

337.0

326.3

317.1

274.8

258.8 

Inferred Nannofossil Zone 

NP 9 

NP 9 

NP 9

C o ntaminate d

C o ntaminate d 

Taxa; Biostratigraphic Ranges Legend: 

Sphenolithus primus X Thoracosphaera spp. X Toweius callosus NP 9-12 XX Toweius eminens eminens NP 5?-10 XX Toweius eminens tovae NP 5-9 XX Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 XXXX Toweius serotinus NP 9-10 X Transversopontis pulcher NP 9-17? X Transversopontis pulcheroides NP 12-24? C Zygodiscus herlyni NP 7-11 XX Zygrhablithus bijugatus NP 5?-NN 1 

Abundance C- F+ F+ F+ R Preservation M M - M MFigure 19. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS Pregnall corehole (DOR-208), 

Dorchester County, South Carolina. 

33
Depth (Ft) 510 376 300 

Sample R3001 AC R3001 AD R3001 AE 

Taxa; Stratigraphic Ranges 

Adnatosphaeridium robustum (Morgenroth 1966) de Coninck 1975 . . X 

Amphorosphaeridium ? multispinosum (Davey & Williams 1966) Sarjeant 1981 . . X 

Apectodinium homomorphum (Defl. & Cook. 1955) Lentin & Williams 1977 . . X 

Cerodinium diebelii (Alberti 1959) Lentin & Williams 1987 X . . 

Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 X . . 

Cordosphaeridium gracile (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 X . X 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 X . . 

Deflandrea phosphoritica Eisenack 1938 . . X 

Fibradinium annetorpense Morgenroth 1968 X . . 

Hafniasphaera septata (Cookson & Eisenack 1967) Hansen 1977 X . . 

Heteraulacacysta Drugg & Loeblich 1967 sp. . . X 

Hystrichosphaeridium tubiferum (Ehrenberg 1838) Deflandre 1937 . . X 

Impagidinium Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. . . X 

Isabelidinium bakeri (Defl. & Cook. 1955) Lentin & Williams 1977 X . . 

Kallosphaeridium brevibarbatum de Coninck 1969 . . X 

Lejeunecysta Artzner & Dörhöfer 1978 sp. X . . 

Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 X . . 

Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. X . . 

Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum (Ehrenberg 1838) Sarjeant 1967 X . . 

Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) X . X 

Senegalinium microgranulatum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . . 

Senegalinium obscurum (Drugg 1967) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . . 

Senegalinium ? dilwynense (Cookson & Eisenack 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 . . X 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X . X 

Thalassiphora pelagica (Eisenack 1954) Eisenack & Gocht 1960 ? . . 

Turbiosphaera sp. aff. T. magnifica Eaton of Edwards (1989) . . ? 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms X . . 

small peridiniacean forms X . . 

dinoflagellate fragments, indeterminate . X . 

Pediastrum (freshwater alga) . X X 

Figure 20. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS St. George corehole 

(DOR-211), Dorchester County, South Carolina. X = present; ? = questionable. 

34
Depth (Ft) 

506.5445.0425.8407.0404.0320.7 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

upper NP 5upper NP 5upper NP 5

NP 8NP 8NP 9 

Taxa; Biostratigraphic Ranges

Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X 

Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 XXXX 

Coccolithus cribellum XX 

Coccolithus pelagicus XXXXX 

Cribrocentrum reticulatum NP 16-20 C 

Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus NP 1-5 X 

Cruciplacolithus tenuis NP 2-9 X X X 

Cruciplacolithus spp. XX X 

Cyclagelsphaera prima NP 1-10 1 

Cyclagelosphaera reinhardtii NP 1-5 X X 

Cyclagelosphaera spp. X 

Discoaster falcatus NP 9-10 X 

Discoaster lenticularis NP 9-10 1 

Discoaster multiradiatus NP 9-11 X 

Discoaster salisburgensis NP 8-12? X 

Ellipsolilthus bollii NP 4-5 X X 

Ericsonia subpertura NP 1-12? XXX XX 

Fasciculithus aubertae NP 8-10 X 

Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 X 

Heliolitlhus cantabriae NP 5-8 21 

Heliolithus riedellii NP 8-9 21 

Markalius inversus NP 1-21 X 

Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11? X 

Neococcolithes sp. aff. protenus X X 

Neococcolithes spp. X X 

Neocrepidolithus spp. X 

Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 XXXXX 

Reticulofenestra spp. 1C C 

Thoracosphaera spp. X XXX 

Toweius callosus NP 9-12 X 

Toweius eminens NP 5?-10 X 

Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 XXXXXX 

Toweius serotinus NP 9-10 X 

Toweius tovae NP 5-9 X 

Zygodiscus herlynii NP 7-11 X 

Cretaceous forms R 

Abundance C- C- C- C C- CPreservation M M M M M G 

R C

123

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold) 

Figure 21. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene 

samples from the USGS St. George corehole (DOR-211), 

Dorchester County, South Carolina. 

Legend 

FAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit

FAD's and LAD's consistent with known ranges

1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 

Abundance: C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare; B, Barren

Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor 

Interval where species is absent but should occur

Species range with known FAD's & LAD's 

Species range with unknown FAD's & LAD's

reworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences 

FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zones 

35
Depth (Ft) 

103010101000

970950930885865850820800760730700 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1?

??

lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5

upper NP 5upper NP 5

NP 6 

contaminatedcontaminated 

Taxa 

Blackites spp. X 

Braarudosphaera bigelowii Cret-Recent X X X X 

Cepekiella lumina NP 11-24? C 

Chiasmolithus bidens NP 5-16 XXX XXX X 

Chiasmolithus sp. aff. C. bidens NP 4 1? 

Chiasmolithus consuetus s.l. NP 3- XX X 

Chiasmolithus grandis NP 14-17 C 

Chiasmolithus spp. small unsplit X 

Coccolithus pelagicus X X X X X X X X X X 

Cribrocentrum reticulatum NP 16-20 C C C 

Cruciplacolithus asymmetricus NP 1-5 X XXXXX 

Cruciplacolithus intermedius NP 1- X 

Cruciplacolitlhus primus NP 1-5 X X 

Cyclagelosphaera prima NP 1-10 X X 

Cyclococcolithus formosus NP 12-21 CC 

Daktylethra punctulata NP 15-17 C 

Dictyococcites bisectus NP 16-NN 1 C 

Dictyococcites scrippsae NP 16-24? CC 

Discoaster barbadiensis NP 11?-20 C 

Discoaster mohleri NP 7-8? C? 

Ellipsolithus bollii NP 4-5 XX 

Ellipsolithus distichus NP 4-12 X 

Ellipsolithus macellus NP 4-12 X 

Ericsonia subpertusa NP 1-12? X XXXXXXXX X 

Fasciculithus janii/billii NP 4-5 X 

Fasciculithus involutus NP 5-10 X X 

Fasciculithus tympaniformis NP 5-10 X X 

Fasciculithus spp. X X 

Goniolithus fluckigeri Cret-NP 25? X 

Helicosphaera compacta NP 16-24 C 

Heliolithus cantabriae NP 5-8 XXX 

Heliolithus kleinpellii NP 6-8 X 

Hornibrookina arca NP 3-10 1 

Markalius inversus NP 1-21 X X 

Neochiastozygus concinnus NP 2?-11 X 

Neococcolithes sp. aff. N. protenus X X X X X 

Neococcolithes spp. X X 

Placozygus sigmoides NP 1-10 X X X X X X 

Praeprinsius spp. X 

Reticulofenestra floridana NP13?-NN 6? CC 

Reticulofenestra umblicus NP 16-22 C 

Reticulofenestra spp. C 

Reticulofenestra spp. small C 

Thoracosphaera spp. X XXXX XX 

Toweius eminens eminens NP 5?-10 X X 

Toweius eminens tovae NP 5-9 X X X 

Toweius pertusus NP 4-12 X X X X X X X X X 1 X 

Transversopontis pulcher NP 9-17? C 

Transversopontis pulcheroides NP 12-24? CC 

Zygodiscus herlyni NP 7-11 X 

Zygrhablithus bijugatus NP 5?-NN 1 XX 

placoliths X 

Biostratigraphic Ranges 

36
Depth (Ft) 

103010101000

970950930885865850820800760730700 

Calcareous Nannofossil Zone 

NP 1?

??

lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5lower NP 5

upper NP 5upper NP 5

NP 6 

contaminatedcontaminated 

Taxa Biostratigraphic Ranges 

Cretaceous forms R R R R 

Abundance F- R F+F+F+ F- F+F+F+F+ C-F+ A F+ 

Preservation M P M+ M M+ M M+ M M+ M G P G P 

R C

? 

123

Martini (1971) zonal markers (bold) 

Figure 22. Distribution of calcareous nannofossil taxa in Paleocene sidewall-core samples from the 

DNR/DOE C-15 borehole (JAS-426), Jasper County, South Carolina. 

Species range with known FAD's & LAD's

Interval where species is absent but should occur

Species range with unknown FAD's & LAD's

Reworked, contaminated, aberrant occurrences 

FAD's and LAD's for Martini (1971) zones

FAD's and LAD's used to define age of unit

FAD's and LAD's consistent with known ranges 

1, 2, 3 specimens in sample 

Abundance: C, Common; F, Frequent; R, Rare; B, Barren

Preservation: G, Good; M, Moderate; P, Poor 

Questionable occurrences 

Legend 

37
 Depth (Ft) 73 66 46 

Sample R5508 C B A 

Series Paleocene 

Taxa 

Andalusiella polymorpha (Malloy 1972) Lentin & Williams 1977 X . . 

Andalusiella sp. aff. A. polymorpha of Edwards (1980) . . X 

Carpatella cornuta Grigorovich 1969 (fragment) X . . 

Cordosphaeridium inodes (Klumpp 1953) Eisenack 1963 . X . 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 X . . 

Deflandrea n. sp. aff. D. truncata Eisenack 1938 ? . . 

Fibrocysta Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. . X . 

Hafniasphaera septata (Cookson & Eisenack 1967) Hansen 1977 . X . 

Oligosphaeridium complex (White 1842) Davey & Williams 1966 . X . 

Operculodinium Wall 1967 sp. . X . 

Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. (almost golzowense ) . . X 

Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 sp. (fat) X . . 

Palaeoperidinium pyrophorum (Ehrenberg 1838) Sarjeant 1967 . X . 

Phelodinium sp. of Edwards (1989) . X X 

Phelodinium Stover & Evitt 1978 spp. . X . 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. . X X 

Tanyosphaeridium xanthiopyxides (Wetzel 1933) Stover & Evitt 1978 . X . 

Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen 1977) McMinn 1988 (sensu amplo) X . . 

Tenua sp. cf T. formosa of Kurita and McIntyre (1995) X . . 

Trigonipyxidia ginella (Cookson & Eisenack 1961) Downie & Sarjeant 1965 . . X 

Trithyroidinium sp. X . . 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms . X . 

small peridiniacean forms X X X 

X=present; .=not present; ?=questionable 

Figure 23. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the 

USGS/DNR Swansea corehole (LEX-844), Lexington County, South Carolina. 

38
Depth in ft 73 66 46 

Sample R5508C R5508B R5508A 

Age or NP zone 

equivalent 

Danian; 

younger 

than type 

Rhems?

 NP5 and 

younger 

No useful 

species 

Taxa; age range 

Alnus sp. . . X 

Bombacacidites paulus . . X 

Bombacacides reticulatus X X X 

Diporate, tiny X . . 

Favitricolporites baculoferus X X . 

Lanagiopollis cribellatus X . . 

Momipites coryloides/microfoveolatus X X X 

Momipites tenuipolus group X X . 

Nudopollis terminalis X . X 

Nyssapollenites paleocenicus . . X 

Plicatopollis triradiatus X X . 

Pseudoplicapollis limitatus . . X 

Pseudoplicapollis serenus X . . 

Subtriporopollenites nanus NP5 and younger . X . 

Thomsonipollis magnificus . X . 

Tricolpites asper X X . 

Trudopollis spp., including T. plenus . X X 

Figure 24. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR 

Swansea corehole (LEX-844), Lexington County, South Carolina. 

39
 Depth (Ft) 

298

289.0-289.3 

278.0-278.3 

274272 

Sample R5317 BE V W BD BC 

Series Paleocene 

Subseries Lower 

Taxon 

?Andalusiella rhombohedra of Edwards and others (1984) X X . X . 

Achomosphaera alcicornu (Eisenack 1954) Davey & Williams 1966 . . . . P 

Andalusiella polymorpha (Malloy 1972) Lentin & Williams 1977 . . . X . 

Andalusiella sp. aff. A. polymorpha of Edwards (1980) ? . . . . 

Areoligera volata Drugg 1967 X . . X P 

Carpatella cornuta Grigorovich 1969 . . X X P 

Catillopsis abdita Drugg 1970 . . . . P 

Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 X X X . . 

Cordosphaeridium Eisenack 1963 spp. . . . X P 

Cribroperidinium Neale & Sarjeant 1962 sp. X . . . . 

Cyclapophysis monmouthensis Benson 1976 X . . . . 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 . . X X P 

Deflandrea cf. D. diebelii Alberti of Drugg (1967) ? . X ? ? 

Deflandrea n. sp. aff. D. truncata Eisenack 1938 X X . X P 

Diphyes colligerum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Cookson 1965 . . . X P 

Exochosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 sp. . . X X . 

Fibrocysta Stover & Evitt 1978 spp. X . . . . 

Hafniasphaera Hansen 1977 spp. X . X . . 

Hystrichosphaeridium Deflandre 1937 spp. X . . X . 

Ifecysta Jan du Chêne & Adediran 1985 sp. X . . . . 

Impagidinium Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. . . . . P 

Operculodinium Wall 1967 spp. X X . X P 

Palaeocystodinium Alberti 1961 (fat) . . . X P 

Palaeocystodinium golzowense Alberti 1961 . X . . P 

Pentadinium group . . C . . 

Phelodinium magnificum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 X . X X P 

Polyspheridium zoharyi (Rossignol 1962) Bujak et al. 1980 . . . . P 

Senoniasphaera inornata (Drugg 1970) Stover & Evitt 1978 . . X X P 

Spinidinium pulchrum (Benson 1976) Lentin & Williams 1977 X X X ? ? 

Spinidinium Cookson & Eisenack 1962 spp. X X X X P 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X X X X P 

Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen 1977) McMinn 1988 X . X . cfP 

Tenua sp. cf. T. formosa of Kurita and McIntyre (1995) . . X X P 

Turbiosphaera Archangelsky 1969 sp. X X . . . 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms X X . X P 

small peridiniacean forms X X X X P 

X=present; .=not present; ?=questionable; P=present in the sample, but not 

necessarily in place stratigraphically. 

Figure 25. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark 

School No. 1 corehole (ORG-393), Orangeburg County, South Carolina.

40
Depth (Ft) 298 289.0-289.3 278.0-278.3 274.O 

Sample R5317BE R5317V R5317W R5317BD 

Age, correlation, 

or NP zone 

equivalent 

Danian 

Type Rhems 

Formation 

or slightly 

younger* 

NP 3-5 Rare pollen 

Pollen Taxa And Known Ranges 

Bombacacidites nacimientoensis X . X . 

Bombacacides reticulatus X X X X 

Caryapollenites prodromus group . ? X . 

Choanopollenites alabamicus NP8 & older . X X . 

Diporate, tiny X X . . 

Favitricolporites baculoferus . . X . 

Holkopollenites chemardensis . . X . 

Interpollis paleocenicus . . X . 

Intratriporopollenites pseudinstructus ? . . . 

Milfordia minima . X . . 

Momipites coryloides/microfoveolatus X . X X 

Momipites dilatus . X . . 

Momipites dilatus/flexus . X . . 

Momipites tenuipolus group X X X X 

Nudopollis terminalis . . X . 

Nudopollis thiergartii . X . . 

Nyssapollenites paleocenicus - type Rhems . X . . 

Osculapollis ? colporatus NP 3-5 . X X . 

Pseudoplicapollis serenus Up Cret.-top of Danian X X . . 

Retitrescolpites anguloluminosus ? . . . 

Sparganiaceaepollenites sp. . . X . 

Subtriporopollenites anulatus . . X . 

Tricolpites asper . . X . 

Tricolpites microreticulatus . X . . 

* The Rhems Formation is mainly or entirely Danian in age. 

Figure 26. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark School No. 1 

corehole (ORG-393), Orangeburg County, South Carolina. 

41
 Depth (feet) 

298.0-298.1277.7-277.7 

Sample R5979 E J 

Series Paleocene 

Subseries Lower 

Taxa 

Andalusiella polymorpha (Malloy 1972) Lentin & Williams 1977 X . 

Andalusiella Riegel 1974 spp. . X 

Areoligera volata Drugg 1967 ? X 

Carpatella cornuta Grigorovich 1969 . X 

Catillopsis Drugg 1970 sp. . cf 

Cordosphaeridium fibrospinosum Davey & Williams 1966 X X 

Cribroperidinium Neale & Sarjeant 1962 spp. X . 

Damassadinium californicum (Drugg 1967) Fensome et al. 1993 . X 

Deflandrea cf. D. diebelii Alberti of Drugg (1967) ? X 

Deflandrea n. sp. aff. D. truncata Eisenack 1938 X X 

Diphyes colligerum (Deflandre & Cookson 1955) Cookson 1965 X X 

Exochosphaeridium Davey et al. 1966 sp. . X 

Fibrocysta Stover & Evitt 1978 spp. X . 

Hafniasphaera Hansen 1977 spp. X . 

Hystrichokolpoma unispinum Williams & Downie 1966 . X 

Hystrichosphaeridium tubiferum (Ehrenberg 1838) Deflandre 1937 . X 

Phelodinium magnificum (Stanley 1965) Stover & Evitt 1978 . X 

Phelodinium Stover & Evitt 1978 sp. X . 

Senoniasphaera inornata (Drugg 1970) Stover & Evitt 1978 . X 

Spinidinium pulchrum (Benson 1976) Lentin & Williams 1977 . X 

Spinidinium Cookson & Eisenack 1962 spp. X X 

Spiniferites Mantell 1850 spp. X X 

Tectatodinium rugulatum (Hansen 1977) McMinn 1988 sensu amplo X X 

Tenua sp. cf. T. formosa of Kurita and McIntyre (1995) . X 

miscellaneous areoligeracean forms . X 

small peridiniacean forms X X 

X=present; .=not present; ?=questionable; cf=comparable 

Figure 27. Distribution of dinocyst taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR 

Clark School No. 2 corehole (ORG-430), Orangeburg County, South Carolina. 

42
Depth in ft 298.0-298.1 295.3-295.5 295.5-295.6 291.4-291.5 284.9-285.0 281.3-281.4 277.7-277.8 

Sample R5979E R5979F R5979CE R5979CD R5979CC R5979CB R5979CA 

Age or correlation 

Type 

Rhems 

Formation 

Type 

Rhems 

Formation 

Type 

Rhems 

Formation 

Rare pollen 

grains 

Upper type 

Rhems Fm. 

or slightly 

younger 

Sparse, 

useless 

pollen 

grains 

Sparse, 

useless 

pollen 

grains 

Sample 

Taxa 

Bombacacides reticulatus X X . . X . . 

Diporate, tiny . . . . X . . 

Momipites coryloides/microfoveolatus . X . . . . . 

Momipites dilatus . . . . X . . 

Momipites flexus . . . . X . . 

Momipites tenuipolus group . . X . X . . 

Nyssapollenites paleocenicus X . X . X . . 

Sparganiaceaepollenites sp. X X X . . . . 

Tricolpites microreticulatus X X . . . . . 

Figure 28. Distribution of pollen taxa in Paleocene samples from the USGS/DNR Clark School No. 2 corehole (ORG-430), 

Orangeburg County, South Carolina. 

43