— President Ronald Reagan, March 23, 1983 

hat if free people could live secure in the knowledge that their

curity did not rest upon the threat of instant U.S. retaliation to

ter a Soviet attack, that we could intercept and destroy strategicllistic missiles before they reached our own soil or that of our

es? 

know this is a formidable, technical task, one that may not be

complished before the end of this century. Yet, current technology

s attained a level of sophistication where it's reasonable for us togin this effort. It will take years, probably decades of effort on

any fronts. There will be failures and setbacks, just as there will be

ccesses and breakthroughs. And as we proceed, we must remainnstant in preserving the nuclear deterrent and maintaining a solid

pability for flexible response. But isn't it worth every investment

cessary to free the world from the threat of nuclear war?

e know it is.
i

d efforts of many people, Americans 

reshold of having a ballistic missile 

on. It has been a challenging climb

d States has come a long way since

vered his charge to the defense com

ago.

ers have changed since President

trategic Defense Initiative for the

of today’s global environment have

s to carry out his vision by fielding

 possible. 

tic missile technology has accelerat

oliferation of missile technology is

cially as more countries develop

gns, including missiles capable of

 Great danger also lies in the exis

al, and nuclear weapons that can be

es for use against the United States,

s, and our friends.

nse is one of the most challenging mis

Defense. A ballistic missile’s altitude

ttle room for error. To meet this chal

gency is developing a system capable

sile in each of three distinct phases of

and terminal. This requires accurate

on time; advanced interceptor missiles

s); reliable command and control, bat

nications; and advanced sensors.

apability of the Ballistic Missile

d States has a capability to meet the

missile threat. The initial capability

 short- and medium-range ballistic

vanced Capability-3 missiles and

Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Standard Missile-3. The initialcapability also enables engagement of intermediate-range andintercontinental ballistic missiles in the midcourse phase usingGround-Based Interceptors.

The Missile Defense Agency continues its strong

research and development program to provide, over time,improvements and upgrades to the existing capability. In 2006-2007 the Missile Defense Agency will work to expand thebreadth and depth of the initial capability by adding networked,forward-deployed sensors; additional interceptors at sea and onland; and layers of increasingly capable weapons and sensors.

The years ahead will be more demanding than those of

the past as the Missile Defense Agency continues to carry outthe tough engineering tasks of developing, testing, and enhancing ballistic missile defenses for fielding. Therefore, even aswe cross over the threshold of initial capability, the MissileDefense Agency will place an overriding priority on theAgency’s mission — to develop an integrated, layered ballisticmissile defense system to defend the United States, its deployedforces, allies, and friends against all ranges of missiles in allphases of flight.

The first

Ground-BasedInterceptor islowered into its silo at theMissile DefenseComplex inFort Greely,Alaska on July 22, 2004.
ion & Goals

ossession by potential adversaries of

mass destruction and ballistic mis

an urgent security issue for the

 The United States’ objec

ent further proliferation of

s and roll back the capa

entially hostile nations

dy exists. However, these

es are difficult to achieve

have the ability to defeat

le attacks should they occur.

United States, therefore, is

llistic Missile Defense System

ch protection. The Ballistic Missile

em is a collection of elements and compo

 integrated to achieve the best possible performance

range of potential threats. At one point in time, some

ents were restricted to act as independent systems.

ted States withdrew from the Anti-Ballistic Missile

2, the Missile Defense Agency sought to realize the

tegrating these elements.

missile defense mission requires the combined efforts

e Defense Agency, the Office of the Secretary of

U.S. Combatant Commanders, the Military Services,

efs of Staff, other federal agencies, more than 17

e contractors, the Congress and our allies and friends.

The Mission

The mission of the Missile Defense Agency is to develop an

integrated, layered Ballistic Missile Defense System to defend theUnited States, its deployed forces, allies and friends from ballistic

missiles of all ranges and in all phases of flight. As directed by

the President, the Missile Defense Agency is moving forward to provide a limited defensive capability against a

long-range ballistic missile attack aimed at any of our

50 states. The Missile Defense Agency is now working to expand the breadth and depth of this initial

capability by adding and networking forwarddeployed sensors and interceptors at sea and on land.

Today the Missile Defense Agency’s activities are

focused on five objectives: 

(1) Complete development, initial fielding, and verification of the initial capability (the capability that will exist in

2004 - 2005).

(2) Provide the U.S. Combatant Commanders with support

and sustainment for the Ballistic Missile Defense System.

(3) Develop a totally integrated capability during 2006 and

beyond based on a strong core research and developmentprogram.

(4) Execute an increasingly complex test program concurrent

with operations.

(5) Establish a robust international foundation for missile

defense.

2
Beyond

resident George W. Bush directed the

egin fielding limited missile defense

r-term ballistic missile threat to our

, allies, and friends. The Missile

ng to this direction. By late 2004, the

he initial Ballistic Missile Defense

ve capability that we have never had

tercept and destroy a ballistic missile

ur 50 states. 

y is the foundation of the Ballistic

e Missile Defense Agency continues to

t program that will yield, over the long

nse System with multiple sensors and

d by a command control, battle man

ns network. This network will enable

king data from any Ballistic Missile

any other Ballistic Missile Defense

issile Defense Agency also plans to

h of our missile defense by adding for

nsors, and missile interceptors based at

ted, layered Ballistic Missile Defense

dversaries’ efforts and reduce the mili

, discouraging the proliferation of such

ing an effective deterrent. 

Development

fense depends on developing the right

weapon components to perform numer

s (i.e., target detection, discrimination

and acquisition). Integrating these geographically dispersed sensorand weapon components is also key. The effective integration of theBallistic Missile Defense System requires sophisticated Commandand Control, Battle Management, and Communications architecture.This architecture must be able to accept enhanced capabilities asthey are integrated into the system over the years, and the MissileDefense Agency must be ready to provide operational capabilitywhile preserving the system’s ability to function as a test bed. Tomake this possible, systems integration is a key focus in nearly allaspects of Ballistic Missile Defense System development.Our Acquisition Strategy

In January 2002 the Secretary of Defense set forth the following key missile defense priorities for the Department of Defense:

• Defend the United States, deployed forces, allies, and friends.• Employ a layered Ballistic Missile Defense System to intercept missiles of all ranges in all phases of flight.• Develop and test technologies, use prototype and test assets to

provide early Ballistic Missile Defense System capability, andimprove the effectiveness of deployed capability by insertingnew technologies as they become available or when the threatwarrants an accelerated capability.

• Field elements of the overall Ballistic Missile Defense

System as soon as practicable.

To implement these priorities, the Missile Defense Agency

established a single development program for all work needed todesign, develop, and test the elements of an integrated BallisticMissile Defense System. The Missile Defense Agency is using anevolutionary acquisition approach for the Ballistic Missile

3
tem that develops an initial capability and then

capability through block upgrades.

Ballistic Missile Defense System program is struc

year “blocks,” with upgrades and fielding opportuni

g throughout the blocks. The first period, Block

nts calendar years 2004-2005. Block 2006 represents

nd so on. The work done in each block will build

abilities and development of previous blocks. The

lity fielded in 2004 is the beginning, and over time,

pproach will yield a fully integrated and layered

sile Defense System, capable of defeating ballistic

l ranges and in all phases of flight.

oundation of Missile Defense Agency’s program of

ggressive research, development, test and evaluation

 by “capability-based” planning and utilizing spiral

 A “capability-based” approach allows the develop

bilities and objectives based on technology feasibility,

ngineering analyses, and our understanding of the

development is an iterative process for developing the

sile Defense System. This process refines program

technology becomes available through experimenta

management, along with continuous feedback from

ction among military operators, the test community,

ile Defense Agency. This supports an evolutionary

proach to missile defense in which there is no final or

defense architecture, but instead a continued emphasis

 the effectiveness of defensive capabilities over time.

ineering

Missile Defense Agency uses systems engineering to

ge, and integrate all engineering development for the

Ballistic Missile Defense System. It provides the Missile DefenseAgency with the framework, processes, and cohesion necessary tofurther develop the Ballistic Missile Defense System capability.This responsibility is executed through a comprehensive, collaborative system engineering process that defines required systemwide behavior, validates element system designs, and assesses andverifies system capability. 

Success for the single, integrated Ballistic Missile Defense

System depends not only on developing the right technologies toperform numerous missile defense functions (i.e., target detection,discrimination and acquisition), but also on achieving a high levelof synergy among multiple, geographically dispersed sensor andweapon components. System Engineering provides an integratedand layered Ballistic Missile Defense System architecture; develops block technical definitions; develops element requirements,schedules, verification strategies; and other products required toexecute the Ballistic Missile Defense System program.

Integration of the Ballistic Missile Defense System elements into a layered Ballistic Missile Defense System architecture

is based on designs from the Systems Engineering Directorate.Systems Engineering products are ultimately used to guide andenhance operational Ballistic Missile Defense System capabilitieswithin the Ballistic Missile Defense System elements.Engagement Sequences

The Missile Defense Agency identifies Ballistic

Missile Defense System capabilities, architectures, and element contributions to counter the threat and organizes them byEngagement Sequence Groups. These Engagement SequenceGroups are developed by Systems Engineering and describe acombination of weapons, sensors and Command and Control,

4
5

4

6

5

Engagement

Sequence

al depiction of an Engagement Sequence for a long-range interceptor missile; intercept occurs in space.

Transmit

Target

Update

t

Ballistic Missile Defense Destroyer

Cobra Dane Radar

Discriminate

Warhead 

from Decoys

Intercept Target

Exoatmospheric

Kill Vehicle

Threat Reentry

Vehicle

Joint

National

Integration

Center

on

3 Launch Interceptor
gement, and Communications capabilities that

ogether to detect, track and intercept an enemy

ng Engagement Sequence Groups as a tool

nctional and engineering analysis, creates man

mbinations for Block configurations, simplifies

f Ballistic Missile Defense System capabilities,

structure to assess Ballistic Missile Defense

rmance, and assists the warfighters in developing

perations.

Block 2004 Program Description

The missile defense program is developing

and fielding a layered defense for the UnitedStates, our deployed forces, allies and friendsagainst threats of all ranges and in all phases offlight. Initially limited, these defenses will evolveto become increasingly capable over time as technologies mature. 

In late 2004 the United States fielded the

initial Ballistic Missile Defense System Test Bedthat can be used for limited defense operations asthe Missile Defense Agency continues to developand test the system. In 2005 the Missile DefenseAgency plans to improve that capability incrementally, adding interceptors and sensors toachieve the following:• 18 total Ground-Based Interceptors, with 2 atVandenberg Air Force Base, California and 16 atFt. Greely, Alaska 

• Upgraded Cobra Dane radar (Alaska)

• Upgraded Fylingdales radar (United Kingdom)• Upgraded Beale radar (California) • Sea-Based X-band radar (Alaska)• Forward-Based X-band radar • 10 Aegis Long-Range Surveillance and Track Destroyers• 2 Aegis Engagement Cruisers• 11 Standard Missile-3 sea-based missiles• 281 Patriot Advanced Capability-3 missiles

6

e defense training programs at the Joint National Integration Center.
7

A graphical depiction of Block 2004 components of the Ballistic Missile DefenseSystem and Test Bed.
Goals and Objectives

ck 2006 the Missile Defense Agency will work to

itial capability by adding interceptors (at sea and on

sors with enhanced discrimination capability:

mproved defense against short- and medium-range

missiles, with additional capability to defeat inter

and intercontinental ballistic missiles.

al-time battle manager, including improved track

g and sensor tasking.

 Engagement Sequence Groups.

e testing and integration of space-based elements.

d Testing

sile Defense System Test Strategy

elded Ballistic Missile Defense System Test Bed sup

ed development and testing of new and evolving

ile Defense System technologies. The ability to test

lows us to pursue a wide range of flight and ground

n a diverse set of basing modes and collect an increas

ata. The test bed will allow our testing to become

ealistic and representative of operational testing.

rations

 and operations capability is designed to meet the

requirement of defending the 50 states from ballis

ttack while continuing to develop using spiral

upgrades. Once a Ballistic Missile Defense System Test Bedcapability is available for the Combatant Commander’s use, theMissile Defense Agency’s use of these assets for testing, maintenance, and upgrades requires careful, coordinated collaboration.Coordination with the Combatant Commander occurs through theMissile Defense Agency Operations Center, in accordance withthe Asset Management process. System Level Testing Process

With the evolution of the Ballistic Missile Defense

System, testing needs have expanded beyond those of the individual elements. These needs include testing of Ballistic MissileDefense System engagement sequences, which rely on multipleBallistic Missile Defense System elements — this is called system-level testing. System-level test events are comprised of oneor more elements interacting to verify the capability of the systemin one or more of the engagement sequences. These events aredocumented in a system-level Integrated Master Test Plan.

The planning process for each system test begins with outlining system test objectives and requirements, which are developed

cooperatively by the program elements, systems engineers, and theOperational Test Agency (for combined DevelopmentalTesting/Operational Testing). The Ballistic Missile Defense Systemoperational test team is a multi-service Operational Test andEvaluation organization whose mission is to provide an independent operational assessment of the Ballistic Missile Defense System.

Objectives and test requirements for system-level testing are tailored to be consistent with the needs of the participating elements; the availability and capabilities of test tools;

and the configuration constraints imposed by the test venues.From these system objectives and test requirements, test plan8
9

f testing and simu

(i.e., modeling and

ground tests, and

which event would

the objectives and

Missile Defense

n their component

e Integrated Master

ation in the overall

pation

t Commanders and

 a critical leader

nt of needed mis

 Therefore, the

orks collaborative

mmanders and the

gh a warfighter

ighter involvement

rcises, war games,

his process allows

y to work with the

plicable Ballistic

apabilities; produce

System prioritized

erational concepts; formulate logis

and procedures; enable timely field

ability; and make improvements to

abilities.

Training

An effective training program is critical to operational

readiness, combat effectiveness, and the overall performance of

Warfighters participate in Ballistic Missile Defense System testing at the Joint National Integration Center. 
10

the Ballistic Missile Defense System. Using Joint Chiefs of StaffTraining Guidance, the Missile Defense Agency and U.S.Strategic Command developed doctrine to allow for integrated,effective, and timely training. This jointly created training program is crucial to prepare all personnel assigned to the BallisticMissile Defense System elements, supporting headquarters, andcommand authorities, for the challenges facing them as theyoperate the Ballistic Missile Defense System.Summary

Through the dedicated efforts of many people, Americans

now stand on the threshold of having a ballistic missile defensefor our nation. In late 2004, the United States fielded the initialBallistic Missile Defense System Test Bed that can be used forlimited defense operations to intercept and destroy a ballistic missile before it can strike any of our 50 states. This initial capabilityis the foundation of the Ballistic Missile Defense System.

In Block 2006 the Missile Defense Agency will work to

expand the breadth and depth of the initial capability by adding networked, forward-deployed sensors; additional interceptors at seaand on land; and layers of increasingly capable weapons and sensors.

The Missile Defense Agency’s strong core research and

development program will yield, over time, a fully integrated,layered Ballistic Missile Defense System to defeat missiles ofall ranges in all phases of flight, providing protection to theUnited States, our troops abroad, our allies, and our friends. TheBallistic Missile Defense System will complicate our adversaries’ efforts, reduce the military utility of ballistic missiles,and deter our adversaries. 

ptor lifts off from the Marshall Islands during testing.
APPENDIX

allistic Missile Defense System

lement and Component Details

 Laser ....................................................................................................... 12-13

allistic Missile Defense ............................................................................ 14-15

nd and Control, Battle Management, and Communications ................ 16-17

Based Midcourse Defense ...................................................................... 18-19

Energy Interceptors .................................................................................. 20-21

Missile Defense System Sensors .......................................................... 22-23

acking and Surveillance System ........................................................... 24-25

 High Altitude Area Defense ................................................................... 26-27

dvanced Capability-3 & Medium Extended Air Defense System ........ 28-29

r is a boost-phase segment of the

Ballistic Missile Defense System. Its

United States, its allies, or American

e globe by detecting, tracking, and

missiles soon after they are launched. 

n

will represent the world’s first use of

ystem in an airborne combat environ

parate technologies by adding to their

them to meet the weapon system’s

dule Chemical Oxygen Iodine Laser

oducing a megawatt-class beam effec

 hundred kilometers. The concept of

e twinkle out of the stars, i.e., com

ic disturbances that make stars seem

d to compensate for the differences of

mmon in “air pockets” so the laser

e atmosphere without ending up off

has lost its power. 

mission begins when one or more of its

he heat from the plume of a launched

 the compass bearing indicated by the

missile to provide preliminary tracking

rd computer system processes and

he firing of a second laser that finds

 most vulnerable spot — the skin sur

s will be the aim point. A third laser

tmospheric disturbance. Finally, the

ser fires along a computer-determined

t energy on the missile's metal skin to

cause it to crack and vent and spew the contents of the pressurizedfuel tank. Either the highly combustible fuel catches fire andexplodes, or the missile, propelled by the pressure of the ventedfuel, breaks off its proposed path and takes an erratic course awayfrom its intended target. 

Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals

• Completed initial flight testing and aerial refueling.• Delivered and installed laser components in the System

Integration Lab.

• Delivered and installed beam and fire control components

on aircraft.

• Complete Passive Low Power flight tests and active tests

using surrogate laser against instrumented target boards.

• Integrate the Airborne Laser system into the Ballistic

Missile Defense System.

13

Airborne Laser 

Majority of work for Airborne Laser performed in these states.

Airborne Laser

ile Defense’s role in missile defense

Missile Defense System evolves. For

e Defense System, Aegis Ballistic

t of a forward deployed sensor. Aegis

Destroyers are forward deployed to

rovide early warning of an interconti

nch and transmit track data to the

Defense command center via the

ystem. This Long Range Surveillance

 in the defense of the United States,

of Alaska, by providing tracking data

e Defense System sensors and initiate

Defense engagement.

gis Ballistic Missile Defense’s role

de an engagement capability. Aegis

Cruisers will be armed with the

e of intercepting short- and medium

s more capability is developed and

ile Defense’s role in the overall mis

so increase.

n

04, the first Aegis Destroyer, outfitted

lance and Track capability, got under

rst ever ballistic missile defense patrol.

lity to detect and track intercontinental

mit track data across the Pacific Ocean.

ment of the Ballistic Missile Defense

 Aegis Destroyers have been upgraded

ance and Track capability. A total of 15

e this strategic tracking capability.

Presently, an operational U.S. warship is engaged in the

conduct of a series of intercept flight tests designed to validate theoperational utility of the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense engagement capability against a progressively more complex set of targetsand scenarios. An initial emergency engagement capability will beavailable in spring 2005, with an operational capability in threeAegis Cruisers in 2006. All Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense LongRange Surveillance and Track cruisers are planned to be upgradedwith the engagement capability, with the first three in 2006.

Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals

• Deployed Long Range Surveillance and Track capability in

Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Destroyers.

• To date, four successful intercepts against short- and mediumrange ballistic missile targets.• Delivered Standard Missile-3 initial deployment rounds.• Successfully track U.S. intercontinental ballistic test missiles

by Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense Destroyers while at sea.

• Begin Standard Missile-3 upgrades.

Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense

Majority of work for Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense

performed in these states.

gis Ballistic Missile Defense

15

Command and Control, Battle Management, and Communications 

 Control, Battle Management, and 

enables integrated, layered Ballistic 

ng the warfighter with the capabili- 

ile concurrently: tracking all poten- 

; directing weapons to engage on a 

airing any sensor with any weapon 

missile threats at any range, in any 

with coalition partners. 

n 

 Control, Battle Management, and 

accomplishes block objectives by 

nt of its four product lines — 

lanner, Battle Management, and 

e capabilities can be integrated and 

the warfighter. 

minor incremental capability deliv- 

d for each two-year Ballistic Missile 

ch spiral development represents an 

and functionality over the previous 

nclude the software, hardware, net- 

ational support needed to operate an 

 Defense System. 

ered in the spiral upgrades provides 

efense System with engagement 

ollaborative planning among all 

The Command and Control, Battle 

ications network also provides com- 

nse situational awareness at all lev- 

work sensors and weapons to enable system-wide detection, tracking, and engagement of ballistic missiles across all three phases of flight; and, builds on and maintains global grid data and communication networks. Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals • Installed initial display hardware to view the Ballistic Missile Defense battlespace in operation centers. • Developed test and simulation environment. • Initial force level planning to design the global battle plan. • Battle Manager incorporating Forward-Deployed X-band- Transportable sensor management to forward tracks to Ground-Based Midcouse Defense for engagement. • Integrate Defense Satellite program. • Ensure robust network with redundant communication paths. Majority of work for Command and Control, Battle Management, and Communications performed in these states.

ommand and Control, Battle

17

agement, and Communications

19

Ground-Based Midcourse Defense

 Ground-Based Midcourse Defense

develop and deploy a credible capa

ermediate- and long-range ballistic

ourse phase of flight.

n

course Defense uses a variety of

t Program), and radars (Upgraded

Based X-band Radar, Forward-Based

is AN/SPY-1 Radar) to obtain infor

 tracking, targeting, and discrimina

ile Defense System Command and

ent, and Communications and the

e Defense Fire Control and

nt. This information will provide the

with the ability to find the incoming

nd destroy it.

Interceptor, comprised of a booster

heric kill vehicle, is launched into

r releases the kill vehicle, the exoat

board sensors with assistance from

uire the target. The exoatmospheric

rajectory and collides with the target.

d Communications component may

Based Midcourse Defense's central

ponent connects the Ground-Based

 overall Ballistic Missile Defense

 hardware, software, and communi

or planning, tasking, and controlling

urse Defense. Fire Control and

Communications enables personnel to understand the situation,make informed decisions, and help the Ground-BasedMidcourse Defense mount a defense against a limited ballisticmissile attack.

Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals

• Initiated acquisition of additional Ground-Based

Interceptors.

• Continue silo/Ground-Based Interceptor/launch systems

ground testing, system level simulation, and verification,validation, and accreditation activities. 

• Continue interceptor, ground/system tests, and integrated

flight tests. 

• Continue modeling and simulation development.

Majority of work for Ground-Based Midcourse Defense 

performed in these states.

nd-Based Midcourse Defense

nterceptor program will develop next

intercept capabilities to destroy medi

 and intercontinental ballistic missiles.

apabilities will use hit-to-kill technolo

booster to engage ballistic missiles in

phases of flight. A long-term program

Ballistic Missile Defense System by

e Test Bed designed to overcome the

nd, sea and airborne defenses.

n

 Agency awarded the Kinetic Energy

nd Test Phase contract to Northrop

3. The Missile Defense Agency and

eloping common, multi-use capabili

n booster, kill vehicle, and mobile

e Management, and Communications.

erformance approach is applicable to

rovides mobility across the battle

duce risk through a series of verifica

engineering, and integration. The

 program builds upon existing and

fense System sensors and Command

ment, and Communications capabili

ram elements.

n effort is the Near-Field Infrared

ce the risk to next-generation Ballistic

rceptors on land, at sea, and in space

ic missile at close range in real world

ed will anchor design tools for future

are and algorithm development. This

e risk through early integration of a

space asset into the Ballistic Missile Defense System Test Bed.

The objective of the Space Test Bed is to enhance the

Ballistic Missile Defense System by adding a cost-effective,space-based intercept layer to overcome basing and geographicallimitations of land, sea and airborne defenses. The program plansto transition the multi-use interceptor, sensor and Command andControl, Battle Management, and Communications capabilitiesto space where a limited constellation can provide thin boost andascent defense against ballistic missiles.

Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals

• Conducted booster wind tunnel tests, rocket motor firings, and

communications demonstrations.

• Delivered first high-fidelity simulation.• Update concept design.• Continue mission assurance and maturity assessments.• Continue Navy integration and concept of operations for seamobile interceptors on both surface ships and submarines.• Demonstrate performance with operational prototypes.

Kinetic Energy Interceptors 

Majority of work for Kinetic Energy Interceptors 

performed in these states.

inetic Energy Interceptors

21
ward-Based X-Band Radar - Transportable

Cobra Dane Early Warning Radar

ly Warning Radar at Beale Air Force Base

Stationary X-Band Radar
Defense System currently uses a vari

e Ballistic Missile Defense System

 to provide a transportable, Forward

ity to detect ballistic missiles early in

se tracking information for use by the

stem. This approach provides overlap

the potential for Ballistic Missile

 extend their effective range beyond

sophisticated engagement strategies.

on

X-band Radar-Transportable is a high

phased array radar based upon the

a Defense Radar hardware and soft

ality reduced development time and

rocurement and development of a for

y. Multiple Forward-Based X-band

e developed and deployed to meet the

ing the United States from interconti

medium-range threats. The Forward

ortable will include modified software

ting ballistic missiles, discrimination,

ce with the Ballistic Missile Defense

ol system. The radar will perform sur

 cued by other sensors. It will acquire,

 identify, and estimate the trajectory

 and missile components, and pass this

ic Missile Defense System tracking,

rol radars downstream.

ard-Based X-band Radar-Transportable

portable, roll-on/roll-off ship transportable, and rail transportable. The Forward-Based X-band Radar-Transportable consists of a solid-state, phased array anten- na supported by an electronics unit and a cooling unit. Additional equipment for the radar includes generators, a radar support trail- er, and supply containers. The Forward-Based X-band Radar-Transportable will pass target data to the command and control system for use by midcourse and terminal sensors and weapons for tracking and subsequent intercept. Earlier detection with forward-based radars, coupled with layered sensors, will give the Ballistic Missile Defense System a continuous tracking and discrimination capability with more shot opportunities to engage the target, resulting in an increased probability of successful engagement. Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals • Defined Ballistic Missile Defense System Sensor architecture and road map. • Delivered first Forward-Based X-band Radar-Transportable for integration and testing. • Initiate development of sensor enhancements to support spiral upgrades. Majority of work for Ballistic Missile Defense System Sensors performed in these states.

Ballistic Missile Defense System Sensors

23

Ballistic Missile Defense 

System Sensors

25

Agency is pursuing the Space Tracking

gram as a space-based sensor compo

issile Defense System to detect, track

s. The Space Tracking and Surveillance

nd infrared sensors to detect and track

 through midcourse flight and eventual

ace Tracking and Surveillance System

ellation of land-, sea-, air-, and space

se System sensors.

on

and Surveillance System will develop

and a series of interoperable Research

for the detection and tracking of bal

mination of lethal warheads from non

s. This system will become a compo

stic Missile Defense System Test Bed.

cy launches two Space Tracking and

es into low earth orbit in early 2007

egment to operate the satellites. This

 for re-use with subsequent satellites.

le tracking data to Ballistic Missile

rs with the accuracy and timeliness

successfully intercept missile targets.

06 will guide future development and

sions. 

 Space Tracking and Surveillance

nstration satellites consisting of refur

n and testing of the hardware is pro

thin budget. These satellites will be

e Delta II launch vehicle in 2007. The

ground station will become operational ahead of the launch date,allowing adequate time to train operators. Ground softwaredevelopment is proceeding ahead of schedule and under cost. Theground segment will communicate with the Ballistic MissileDefense System’s Command and Control, Battle Management,and Communication system. These satellites will test on-orbitsensor performance against ground targets, airborne targets, andshort- and long-range ballistic missiles. Following system performance check-out, the Space Tracking and Surveillance Systemwill continue to participate in Missile Defense Agency flight tests.From the data obtained from these satellites, the Missile DefenseAgency will be able to make more informed decisions regardingthe design of subsequent satellites for an operational architecture.

Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals

• Integrated initial satellites with spacecraft.• Test Research and Development satellites for fielding

capability.

• Procure vehicle for Block 2006 launches.

Space Tracking and Surveillance System 

Majority of work for Space Tracking and 

Surveillance System performed in these states.

Space Tracking and Surveillance System

27

Terminal High Altitude Area Defense

Altitude Area Defense element will

 Defense System with rapidly deploy

 defense components that deepen,

 Ballistic Missile Defense System to

 to defeat ballistic missiles of all types

ses of flight. Terminal High Altitude

ed element that has the capability to

le, both inside and just outside of the

ill” technology (directly hitting the

it), providing regional or limited area

High Altitude Area Defense provides

ballistic missiles carrying weapons of

it likely that their lethal payloads will

ground.

on

tude Area Defense consists of four

k-mounted launchers; interceptors;

ontrol, battle management, and com

can rapidly fire and reload the inter

e and transportation of the intercep

ltitude Area Defense radar supports

nce, tracking the target and guiding

ght. Terminal High Altitude Area

Control, Battle Management, and

nt provides the element’s battle plan

communication backbone, linking

ea Defense to the Ballistic Missile

 air and missile defense networks

s.

ude Area Defense can be air-lifted to

almost anywhere in the world within hours. This rapid deployment capability enables the Ballistic Missile Defense System toquickly respond to hostile developments around the world, providing effective missile defense coverage on short notice.

Like all of the Ballistic Missile Defense System elements, Terminal High Altitude Area Defense is engaged in a

spiral development program, ensuring it will keep pace with therapidly evolving ballistic missile threat. 

Block 2004 Accomplishments and Goals

• Successfully tested integrety and element integration.• Verify an initial capability.• Prepare to execute and support components.• Team with the U.S. Army to operate and sustain components incremental capability.• Continue component development to improve integration.• Explore international interest and involvement.

Majority of work for Terminal High Altitude Area Defense 

performed in these states.

nal High Altitude Area Defense

ability-3 is the most mature element of

System. Now operational with the U.S.

ased system built on the proven Patriot

structure, making it easier to enhance

grades of previously fielded assets. As

rt-range ballistic missiles, Patriot was

 as part of Operation Iraqi Freedom,

d all threatening ballistic missiles with

 Under Secretary of Defense approved

anced Capability-3 and realignment of

Defense System programs from the

e Army in March 2003. 

dersecretary of Defense approved the

nagement, development, and fielding

ded Air Defense System and Patriot

vides for earlier fielding of enhanced

abilities across the currently fielded

g threat and allows for the knowledge

pment and fielding of the Patriot sys

edium Extended Air Defense System

ment Enhancement missile, which has

ive missile for the system.

on

y is now responsible for Patriot

curement and the Patriot Advanced

ded Air Defense System combined

ram, the Army and Missile Defense

ether to ensure the successful integra

apabilities into the Ballistic Missile

um Extended Air Defense System is a

cooperative effort between the United States, Germany, and Italyto develop a netted and distributed air and missile defense systemthat is mobile and transportable. This system will be capable ofcountering ballistic missiles and air-breathing threats (i.e., aircraft,unmanned aerial vehicles, and cruise missiles). It will also bridgethe gap between man-portable air defense systems, such as Stingermissiles, and long-range Ballistic Missile Defense System terminalelements. Mounted on wheeled vehicles, this system will includelaunchers carrying several interceptors along with advanced radarsthat will provide 360-degree coverage on the battlefield.

The system components will be linked to the Ballistic Missile

Defense System’s Command and Control, Battle Management, and

Communications element, including access to a broad range of sensors from across the Armed Services. It will also be integrated withother U.S. and allied systems. The Medium Extended Air DefenseSystem will provide short-range defense for vital civilian and military assets, defend deployed troops, and provide continuous air andmissile defense coverage for rapidly maneuvering forces.

Majority of work for Patriot Advanced Capability-3 and Medium

Extended Air Defense System performed in these states.

29

PATRIOT Advanced Capability-3 & Medium Extended Air Defense System

ot Advanced Capability-3 & 

m Extended Air Defense System
new strategic challenges of the 21st century require

o think differently, but they also require us to act.

deployment of missile defenses is an essential

ent of our broader efforts to transform our defense

deterrence policies and capabilities to meet the new

ts we face.

— President George W. Bush, December 17, 2002