Fiscal Year 2

Enforcement and Compliance Assur

Accomplishments R
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (2201A)


Washington, D.C.


EPA300-R-03-002 http://www.epa.gov/compliance


2Printed on paper that contains at least 30 percent postconsumer fiber. 
 Purer Water ..................................................................................................................................

— Better Protected Land ..................................................................................................................

— Significant Environmental Results Achieved Through EPA’s Core Programs ...................................

Appendices............................................................................................

A. Acronyms .....................................................................................................................................

B. Charts ..........................................................................................................................................

C. Useful Web Sites ..........................................................................................................................

D. Information About EPA Regions and OECA Offices .......................................................................

E. Contact Information ......................................................................................................................
EPA Administrator 

Christie Whitman 

I am very proud of these accomplishments, the way we achieved these results an

the dedicated people who produced them. We focused our resources on areas th

posed the most serious threats to public health and the environment. We used 

integrated strategies and employed a combination of tools tailored to specific 

environmental problems or public health threats. EPA’s strategies improved 

environmental management, maximized compliance and increased environmenta

protection. Much of this work involved partnerships with our State, local, commu

and Tribal counterparts. EPA’s results make it clear that we will assist those who 

need our help and we will prosecute those who fail to comply with the law. 

As we move forward to meet the next generation of environmental challenges, 

ensuring compliance with our environmental laws will remain vital to accomplishi

our mission and achieving the goals of cleaner air, purer water and better protec

land. We will all need to work together to achieve environmental progress now 

and in the future. 
have to bear more than its fair share of environmental burden. Our mission 

to protect human health and the environment applies to everyone. 

In FY 2002, our program achieved significant results, and included precedentsetting civil and criminal enforcement actions that address serious environmental 

problems. The work of the enforcement and compliance assurance program 

produced cleaner air, water and land. 

I would like to highlight a few of our environmental accomplishments and the 

results we achieved over the past year. 

◆ As a result of EPA’s enforcement settlements in FY 2002, nearly $4 billion in 

injunctive relief will be spent to correct violations, restore the environment 

and prevent additional damage for future generations. This is an enormous 

amount of money that is going directly to clean up and enhance protection of 

our air, land and water for future generations. For example, under one settlement 

agreement, the company agreed to spend over $337 million to install state-ofthe-art pollution controls to eliminate the vast majority of sulfur dioxide and 

nitrogen oxide emissions from two of its coal-fired power plants. 

“Smart enforcement u

most appropriate enfo

or compliance tools to 

the most significant pr

to achieve the best ou

EPA Assistant Adm

John Pet
ggts 

$4 billion in injunctive relief 

to correct violations, restore 

the environment and prevent 

additional damage 

40 percent increase over 2001 

in criminal cases initiated 

26 percent increase in companies self-reporting violations 

2.8 billion gallons of contaminated groundwater treated 

3 million people will be served 

by drinking water systems that 

will be brought into compliance 

34 percent increase in 

Compliance Assistance 

Center usage 

◆ In FY 2002, EPA’s 10 Internet-based Compliance Assistance Centers made 

technical assistance available to more than 673,000 users, an increase of 

34 percent from FY 2001. Based on the most recent survey, 85 percent of 

users took actions to reduce environmental harm and risk, waste, wastewat

and air emissions or conserved water, energy and other natural resources as 

result of the assistance and information obtained from these Centers. We now 

have 13 Centers in operation. 

It is also important to note that EPA’s criminal enforcement program worked 

tirelessly and effectively following September 11th with other federal agencies 

on homeland security investigations, participated in national events to ensure pu

safety and assisted in the anthrax investigation at the U.S. Capitol. This work 

was carried out in addition to the many new cases initiated and the successful 

prosecution of environmental crimes. 

In the future we will continue to build a smart enforcement program by using all 

of the enforcement and compliance tools at our disposal, developing new tools, 

forging strategic partnerships, integrating environmental justice and encouraging 

innovation. I am proud of our FY 2002 accomplishments and am grateful for the 

dedication and hard work of our staff, as well as our partners who share the goa

of cleaner air, purer water and better protected land. 
What We Do 

Our Mission: 

Our mission is to improve the environment and protect human health by 

ensuring compliance with environmental requirements, preventing pollution 

and promoting environmental stewardship. Our program is comprised of 

dedicated individuals with diverse backgrounds and skills that work to 

address serious environmental harm and risk to public health caused 

by environmental noncompliance. 

EPA is committed to using sound science, common sense, and our collective 

experiences to enhance the environment and to protect public health. In the 

context of the enforcement and compliance assurance program, these principles mean that we must be “smart” in the work that we do. Smart enforcement 

embodies a common sense approach to problem solving and decision making. 

Simply put, smart enforcement is the use of the most appropriate enforcement 

or compliance tools to address the most significant problems to achieve the 

best outcomes. We employ integrated strategies that use compliance assistance and incentives, monitoring and data analysis, and civil and criminal 

enforcement to achieve environmental results. 

Addressing significant 

environmental, public he

and compliance problem

Using data to make strat

decisions for better utiliz

of resources; 

Using the most appropr

to achieve the best outco

Assessing the effectiven

program activities to ens

ous program improveme

desired program perform

Effectively communicatin

environmental, public he

compliance outcomes of 

to enhance program effe
Compliance Assistance 

Centers Team Leader 

Office of Compliance 

Office of Enforcement and 

Compliance Assurance 

Washington, D.C. 

“I am very proud of the work 

EPA has done to partner with 

industry, academic institutions, 

environmental groups and 

other agencies to develop 

sector-specific Compliance 

Assistance Centers.” 

, ppy py 

mental harm and risk, waste, wastewater and air emissions or conserved water, ene

gy and other natural resources as a result of using the Centers. 

Compliance Incentives, Voluntary 

Programs and Innovative Approaches: 

Other tools that we use include compliance incentives, voluntary programs and 

innovative approaches designed to motivate better environmental compliance and 

performance by individuals, communities, businesses and industry sectors. We promote self-policing and improvement through incentives, such as EPA’s Audit and Sm

Business policies and the inclusion of environmental management systems 

in enforcement settlements. 

The enforcement and compliance assurance program developed and implements 

EPA’s Audit Policy, which provides incentives for companies to develop environment

audit and management systems. When companies voluntarily discover and promptl

disclose environmental violations, EPA will waive or substantially reduce gravity-base

civil penalties. In addition, for those meeting the policy’s conditions, EPA will not rec

ommend the companies for criminal prosecution. In FY 2002, there was a 26 perce

increase in the number of companies that self-disclosed environmental violations. 
Another voluntary and innovative program is the National Environmental Performance 

Track Program (NEPT). NEPT is EPA’s premier incentive and recognition program 

designed to encourage and reward top environmental performers. NEPT companies must 

demonstrate a solid record of environmental compliance, have an established EMS in 

place and identify specific commitments to achieve superior environmental performance. 

Additionally, the companies must certify compliance annually and undertake public 

outreach and report periodically on their environmental performance. The enforcement 

and compliance assurance program works closely with EPA’s Office of Policy, Economics 

and Innovation to recognize the commitments made by these companies. 

Voluntary and innovative initiatives like EPA’s Audit and Small Business Compliance 

Policies, promoting the use of EMSs and recognizing NEPT companies, helps to 

increase environmental performance, accountability and responsibility, and allows EPA 

to focus our enforcement and compliance assurance resources on significant areas 

of environmental, public health and compliance problems. 
flexible, common sense ways to comply with environmental requirements 

<www.ccar-greenlink.org>. 

ChemAlliance: Provides innovative Web site features to direct chemical manufactur

to information resources and plain language compliance assistance material 

<www.chemalliance.org>. 

Local Government Environmental Assistance Network (LGEAN): Serves as a “fir

stop-shop” by providing environmental management, planning and regulatory inform

tion for local government officials, managers and staff <www.lgean.org>. 

National Agriculture Compliance Assistance Center (Ag Center): Serves as the 

“first stop” for information about environmental requirements that affect the agricultu

community <www.epa.gov/agriculture>. (This is a government-run center.) 

National Metal Finishing Resource Center (NMFRC): Provides comprehensive 

environmental compliance, technical assistance and pollution prevention information 

to the metal finishing industry <www.nmfrc.org>. 

Paints and Coatings Resource Center: Provides regulatory compliance and pollut

prevention information to organic coating facilities, industry vendors and suppliers 

and others <www.paintcenter.org>. 
tance information for each mode of transportationair, shipping and barging, rail and 

trucking <www.transource.org>. 

Federal Facility Compliance Assistance Center (FedSite): Provides information on 

environmental regulations, pollution prevention and policies affecting Federal agencies 

<www.epa.gov/fedsite>. 

Environmental Compliance for Automotive Recyclers Center (ECARcenter): 

Provides information on environmental regulations that apply to automotive recycling 

facilities <www.ecarcenter.org>. 

Construction Industry Compliance Assistance Center (CICAcenter): Provides plain 

language explanations of the environmental requirements for the construction industry 

<www.cicacenter.org>. 

Border Compliance Assistance Center: Provides information to help individuals that 

import hazardous waste into the United States from Mexico understand and comply 

with environmental regulations <www.bordercenter.org>. 
◆ Identify and select priorities for the enforcement and compliance program; 

◆ Identify environmental problems and patterns of noncompliance that may need to 

be addressed through a targeted initiative; 

◆ Identify and address environmental justice problems in communities in which 

significant noncompliance is occurring; 

◆ Assess the state of compliance in a particular sector or population of 

regulated entities; 

◆ Measure environmental outcomes resulting from program activities; 

◆ Measure progress addressing priorities, initiatives and annual performance 

goals; and 

◆ Provide the public access to enforcement and compliance data. 

For example, in FY 2002, EPA collected information about the results of compliance 

inspections, as required by the Government Performance and Results Act. Using 

inspection conclusion data sheets (ICDS), we collected information on compliance 

deficiencies observed, actions taken to address deficiencies and compliance 

assistance provided during the inspections. 
A strong commitment to civil and criminal enforcement is vital to a smart enforcement 

and compliance assurance program. EPA and its partners, the State, local and Tribal 

governments, along with the Department of Justice, work together to assure that our 

nation’s environmental laws are followed and achieve the environmental improvements 

needed to protect human health and the environment. Through data analysis, we focus 

our civil enforcement efforts on significant noncompliers. These are the worst polluters, 

based on the history and magnitude of their violations. 

EPA’s criminal investigato

to the attack at the Pent

September 11, 2001. 
One very important aspect of what we do is to integrate environmental justice throughout our enforcement and compliance assurance program. Environmental Justice is the fair treatment and meaningful 

involvement of all people regardless of race, color, 

national origin or income with respect to the development, implementation and enforcement of all environmental laws, regulations and policies. The enforcement 

and compliance assurance program ensures that environmental justice concerns are taken into consideration in the implementation and enforcement of environmental laws, including through the implementation 

of supplemental environmental projects (SEPs) associated with enforcement actions against violators of 

environmental laws in environmental justice communities. We also provide compliance assistance, training, 

grants and outreach to environmental justice communities to improve compliance, promote environmental 

stewardship and achieve results. 

addressing the root cause of noncompliance. Where the violatio

appear to be the result of a wholesale or systematic failure of 

management, we seek injunctive relief that is sufficient to corre

the problems. In such circumstances, we may include an 

Environmental Management System (EMS) as part of a consent 

decree or settlement to promote a systematic approach to und

standing and managing all of the facilities’ environmental impac

through appropriate policies, resources, procedures and proces

es. To date, EMSs in enforcement settlements have impacted o

258 facilities. EMSs may also be included in an enforcement se

tlement as part of a SEP. 

Criminal actions are pursued against those who callously 

disregard our nation’s environmental laws and who put the 

public at serious risk when they do so. Persons convicted of 

environmental crimes may be sentenced to jail, fined, ordered 

to pay restitution and placed on probation. In FY 2002, crimina

violators received 215 years of prison time for their environmen

crimes and the United States assessed over $62 million in 

criminal penalties. 
Superfund cleanup is paid for either by the parties responsible for contamination or by 

the Superfund Trust Fund. Under the Superfund law, EPA is able to make those companies and individuals responsible for contamination at a Superfund site perform and pay 

for the cleanup work at the site. EPA has a longstanding policy to pursue “enforcement 

first” throughout the Superfund cleanup process. This policy promotes the “polluter 

pays” principle and helps to conserve the resources of the Superfund for cleanup of 

those sites where viable responsible parties do not exist. In FY 2002, EPA secured private party commitments for cleanup and cost recovery that exceeded $627 million. 
Making Polluters Accountable: 

◆ Violators will pay nearly $4 billion in injunctive relief that will go directly toward th

cleanup of our environment, pollution abatement equipment and other necessary 

actions to improve the environment. 

◆ EPA secured private party commitments that exceeded $627 million for cleanup 

and cost recovery of contaminated Superfund sites. 

◆ Violators committed to spend almost $58 million for supplemental environmental 

projects to benefit local communities for additional environmental projects 

or improvements. 

◆ EPA imposed $26 million in administrative penalties in FY 2002, an increase of 

$2 million from the FY 2001 amounts. 

◆ In FY 2002, there were 674 criminal cases initiated, a 40 percent increase 

over FY 2001. 

◆ Criminal sentences in FY 2002 were the second highest on record; violators 

received 215 years of prison time for their environmental crimes. 

◆ Criminal violators paid in excess of $62 million in criminal penalties. 
Enforcement 

Cleaner Air, Purer Water and Better Protected Land 

For the first time, we are able to estimate and report on the gallons of contaminated groundwater that 

will be treated as a result of EPA enforcement actions. The results are impressive: an estimated 

2.8 billion gallons of groundwater will be treated. Our new measures also demonstrate that more than 

3 million people will be served by drinking water systems that will be brought into compliance because 

of our FY 2002 enforcement actions. 
* This ranking does not include contamin

soil or groundwater. The numbers repor

� Data current as of May 2003. represent the pounds of pollutants redu
Preventing and Reducing Pollution Through 

Compliance Monitoring: 

In FY 2002, EPA began collecting information on EPA inspection outcomes at facilities 

subject to the Clean Air Act (CAA), Clean Water Act (CWA), the Lead Disclosure Rule 

under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) and the Good Laboratory Practices 

programs. This effort involved conducting approximately 4,000 inspections. 

The results included: 

◆ 76 percent of the facilities inspected received compliance assistance from 

EPA inspectors. 

Restoring the Environment: 

In FY 2002, as a result of enforcement actions violators will: 

◆ Return to compliance drinking water systems that serve over 3 million people 
in the average number of monthly users compared to FY 2001. 

◆ The number of companies that self-disclosed environmental violations under 

EPA Audit Policy incr

eased by 26 percent from FY 2001. 
gp

health problems and strategically deploys its resources, taking integrated 

approaches to achieve the best environmental outcomes. 

EPA works with stakeholders to select national enforcement and compliance program 

priorities by identifying patterns of noncompliance that create significant environmental 

or public health risk associated with regulated sectors, particular pollutants and 

specific regulatory requirements. The Agency’s 10 Regions support national priorities 

but also work with State, local and Tribal partners to identify and establish Regional 

and State priorities that are important to their specific geographic location. Regions 

provide critical resources to address the national priorities while maintaining the 

flexibility to direct resources to address Regional priorities. State, local and Tribal 

governments also play a crucial role in implementing the national environmental 

enforcement and compliance assurance program and producing the environmental 

results highlighted in this report. 
Act/Permit Evaders 
million people live in areas where monitored air quality is unhealthy. 

New Source Review 

The New Source Review (NSR) requirements in the Clean Air Act (CAA) are intended 

to ensure that the construction of new sources or modification of existing sources do 

not jeopardize the attainment of the national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) 

in nonattainment areas, which are areas that do not meet the national air quality 

standards. The Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) requirements ensure that 

areas with relatively clean air that meet the NAAQS are not significantly degraded by 

the influx of new air pollution sources. Failure to comply with the CAA’s NSR and/or 

PSD requirements results in inadequate control of emissions and contributes thousands of uncontrolled tons of pollution each year. In FY 2002, EPA demonstrated its 

continued commitment to pursue NSR/PSD violations and secured significant reduc­

“Our FY 2002 acc

highlight examples 

environmental res

be achieved throu

Federal, State, Tri

community partne

smart enforcemen

EPA Assistant 

John 

tions of nitrogen oxides (NOX), sulfur oxides (SOX), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 

and particulate matter (PM), particularly in the power plant, wood products and petroleum refinery sectors. 
r

will spend more than $337 million to install stateoftheart pollution controls to 

eliminate the vast majority of SO2 and NOX emissions from its Hudson and Mercer 

coal-fired power plants in Jersey City and Hamilton, New Jersey

esolved Federal and State allegations that PSEG Fossil LLC unlawfully operated the 

. The settlement 

Hudson and Mercer plants and modified those plants without installing the necessa

pollution controls and obtaining proper permits required by the NSR program. 

The combined effect of the pollution controls will reduce the company’s emissions 

of SO2 by 90 percent and its emissions of NOX by more than 80 percent. Overall 

reductions will be at least 36,000 tons of SO2 and 18,000 tons of NOX per year. The

decreases represent 32 percent of all the SO2 and 20 percent of all the NOX emitted 

from stationary sources in New Jersey, and 19 percent of all the SO2 and 5 percent 

all the NOX from all sources in the State, including cars and trucks. In addition to the 

penalty, PSEG agreed to spend $6 million on environmental mitigation projects, incl

ing mercury controls, carbon dioxide (CO2) controls and control of landfill gases. 
an estimated cost of $15 million over the next three years at its Medford and Elgin, 

Oregon, operations and the Florien and Oakdale plants in Louisiana. The company will 

also pay $4.35 million in civil penalties and spend another $2.9 million in supplemental 

controls to reduce emissions at the Yakima and Kettle Falls, Washington, plants and to 

reduce air emissions at the Medford, Oregon, plywood facilities. 

Employee P

Jeffrey Kopf 

Assistant Regional 

Office of Regional 

EPA Region 10


Seattle, Washingto

“I like helping to p

environment and 

ing on the Boise C

The settlement res

installation of stat

pollution control e

reduce air pollutio

the Boise Cascade 
Company to resolve NSR and PSD violations, new source performance standard 

requirements, leak detection and repair requirements governing fugitive emissions a

benzene emissions from wastwater treatement plants. The States of Louisiana, 

Oklahoma, Montana, Colorado and New Mexico joined in the settlements, which ar

“The environment and public 

health will benefit greatly from the 

settlements with the refining 

industry. Significant strides have 

been made towards resolving air 

pollution problems across the 

refining industry as a result of 

certain industry members entering into comprehensive settlement agreements with the 

Federal and State governments.” 

EPA Assistant Administrator 

John Peter Suarez 

part of EPA’s national effort to reduce air emissions from refineries. The settlements 

reduce harmful air emissions from seven petroleum refineries by more than 10,000 

tons per year and will mean improved air quality for the people who live near them. 

Conoco will spend an estimated $95 to $110 million to install the best available tec

nology to control emissions from stacks, wastewater vents, leaking valves and flare

throughout its refineries. Conoco will also pay a $1.5 million civil penalty and spend 

about $5 million on environmental projects in communities around the company’s 

refineries. Navajo Refining Company and Montana Refining Company have agreed t

spend an estimated $16 to $21 million to undertake similar projects, pay a $750,00

civil penalty and spend about $1.5 million on environmentally beneficial projects. 

Navajo Refining and Montana Refining are subsidiaries of Holly Corporation. 

During the past few years certain petroleum refiners have voluntarily entered into glo

discussions with the United States. In addition to Conoco Inc., Navajo Refining and 

Montana Refining, these companies include Koch Petroleum, BP Exploration and O

Motiva Enterprises, Equilon Enterprises LLC, Deer Park Refining Limited Partnership 
Chemical Engineer


Office of Regulatory 

Office of Enforceme

Compliance Assuran

Washington, D.C.


“My work at EPA i

lenging and reward

involves identifyin

the Clean Air Act, 

settlements and re

the appropriate air 

trol technologies t

These efforts resu

measurable reduct

lution, particularly 

did on the Petroleu

Sector Initiative.” 
Farms agreed to undertake a supplemental environmental project worth over $2 mil

“In sum, environmental justice 

is the goal to be achieved for all 

communities and persons 

across this nation.” 

EPA Administrator 

Christie Whitman 

as part of a consent agreement to resolve CAA violations at 80 of its gasoline statio

in Connecticut, Massachusetts and Rhode Island, many of which resulted in excess 

hazardous emissions. EPA worked with the State of Massachusetts, which performe

inspections in support of EPA’s action. Under the SEP, Cumberland will upgrade its 

vapor recovery systems with more effective systems. The company agreed to consi

prioritizing the upgrade in environmental justice communities, which are disproportio

ately impacted with adverse environmental conditions, and paid a cash penalty 

of $90,000. 

Asbestos 

Another area of focus in FY 2002 was the illegal removal of asbestos. Asbestos is a 

carcinogen. The inhalation of airborne asbestos fibers released through improper 

removal can cause cancer, a lung disease known as “asbestosis” (scarring of the 

lungs) and mesothelioma, a cancer of the chest and abdominal cavity. Only workers 

who have been properly trained and who have proper safety clothing and equipmen

can lawfully remove asbestos. Unfortunately, many defendants in asbestos cases ha

hired untrained workers to do asbestos demolition work. In FY 2002, EPA brought a 

number of cases against individuals and companies who violated the CAA requirements for the safe handling of asbestos. 
Illegal Removal of Asbestos Curtailed to Prevent Asbestos 

Contamination 

As a result of EPA’s criminal enforcement efforts, in April 2002, six employees of AAR 

Contractors, Inc. pled guilty in Federal court in Syracuse, New York, to felonies arising 

from the removal of asbestos. Specific individual charges included violation of the 

CAA, TSCA, and the Racketeer Influenced Corrupt Organization Act (RICO). The criminal prosecution by the Department of Justice and the U.S. Attorney, Northern District 

of New York, Syracuse, covered a 10-year conspiracy to illegally remove asbestos at 

numerous buildings in upstate New York and included charges of intentionally contaminating buildings with asbestos in order to defraud owners and obtaining false asbestos 

lab tests. 
legal information to accomplish a successful outcome. 

By successful, I mean our 

activities result in a change in 

the way people think about 

designing, operating and 

maintaining industrial facilities, 

such that the minimization of 

emissions into the atmosphere 

is always considered.” 

Patric McCoy 

Environmental Scientist 

Air and Radiation Division, 

Air Enforcement and 

Compliance Assurance Branch 

EPA Region 5, Chicago, Illinois 

the reduction or elimination of leaks of ozonedepleting substances used in the refri

eration equipment throughout the baking industry. Through the Bakery Partnership 

Program, 43 baking companies owning a combined total of 250 baking facilities 

signed up to participate in a unique voluntary initiative. These bakeries use large qu

tities of chlorofluorocarbons and other chemicals that contribute to depletion of the 

ozone layer in their baking processes. EPA staff addressed specific questions posed 

by the regulatory community and provided plain language information on the regulat

requirements and opportunities to disclose and correct violations under the Program

EPA offered incentives to those commercial bakeries willing to self-report potential v

lations and agree to reduce or eliminate leaks of ozone-depleting substances used 

their refrigeration equipment. EPA staff also addressed specific questions that the re

ulatory community had regarding the Bakery Partnership and the regulatory structur

To evaluate the industry’s compliance with the CAA’s stratospheric protection regula

tions, audits of more than 1,000 giant baking machines, mixers, and blenders conta

ing refrigerants will be performed in 2003. Eight hundred of these industrial process 

baking machines have already been converted to non-ozone-depleting substances. 
Logistics Agency, the State Department and the Commerce Department to prosecute 

cases dealing with the illegal import of CFC refrigerants into the United States. 

As a result of our combined efforts, in March 2002 four individuals pled guilty in 

the second largest case ever in terms of the amount of unlawfully imported CFCs. 

These individuals unlawfully imported 1,760 tons of illegal CFCs and pled guilty 

to making false statements to EPA and the U.S. Customs Service and conspiracy 

to defraud the IRS. The scheme involved over $24 million in tax fraud, wire fraud 

and a money laundering operation. 
We focused on run-off resulting from wet weather precipitation, such as overflows f

combined sewers, sanitary sewers, stormwater discharges and concentrated anima

feeding operations (CAFOs). In addition, we addressed noncompliance issues involv

the SDWA Microbial Rules, which require the prevention, monitoring, treatment and 

removal of microbiological contaminants in drinking water. Discharges into waters o

the United States in excess of CWA limits, the Oil Pollution Act (OPA) and wetlands 

restoration were also important compliance and enforcement areas in FY 2002. 

Following are the highlights of our FY 2002 accomplishments in these critical program
the City of Mobile, Alabama (the Board) for numerous CWA violations. Under the 

settlement, the Board agreed to commit to several SEPs that included installing new 

private residential sewer lines in low income areas; funding the acquisition of environmentally valuable habitat in Mobile County through the Alabama Forever Wild 

Program; funding the acquisition of environmentally valuable habitat in the Dog River 

watershed in Mobile County; and partially funding the creation and maintenance of 

a publicly available database of water quality monitoring in Mobile County. 
sewer lines and/or the wastewater treatment plant or insufficient operation and ma

tenance programs for their collection systems. Sewer overflows can pose a signific

threat to public health and the environment, and remain a leading cause of water 

quality impairment. 

City of Youngstown, Ohio, to Improve Sewer Systems and Stop 

Sewage Overflows 

The City of Youngstown, Ohio, agreed to perform a number of projects to eliminate 

direct discharges of raw sewage from its collection system and develop and impleme

a long-term control plan to address wet weather rain overflows from its combined 

sewer system and improve its operation and maintenance programs and data manag

ment systems. The City estimates it will spend $12 million in short-term improvemen

over the next 6 years and $100 million over the next 2 decades to develop and imple

ment a long-term sewage discharge control plan. This agreement is expected to elim

nate more than 800 million gallons of wet weather sewage discharges annually. 
y

City of Baltimore to Overhaul Sewer System to Stop Overflows Into 

City Streets and Local Waterways 

In September 2002, EPA, the Department of Justice and the State of Maryland entered 

into a consent decree with the City of Baltimore that will eliminate unpermitted discharges of raw sewage from the City’s sanitary waste collection system. Many of the 

water bodies affected by these discharges fail to meet the Maryland water quality standards for fecal coliform. The terms of the settlement will prevent the discharge of more 

than 30 million gallons per year of raw sewage and provide for injunctive relief valued 

at approximately $940 million. The City is required to make infrastructure improvements to resolve its violations; eliminate Baltimore’s four combined sewer and sanitary 

sewer structures; undertake a significant capacity-related construction program; and 

develop and implement remedial action plans for each of the City’s sewer sheds. As 

part of the settlement, Baltimore will perform the design work necessary to install 

Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) technology at the Patapsco Wastewater Treatment 

Plant as a supplemental environmental project. The implementation of BNR at Patapsco 

is critical to achieve the nutrient reduction goals needed to help remove the 

Chesapeake Bay from the national list of impaired waters. It would take decades to 

obtain the equivalent amount of nutrient reduction from the control of other sources that 

will result from the installation of BNR at the Patapsco Plant. 
tance activities and develop tools to address outstanding compliance needs. For 

example, EPA helped develop a compendium of 64 EPA, State and industry compli

ance assistance tools to provide information on environmental areas of concern and 

new compliance assistance center for the auto salvage sector. 

In July 2002, EPA’s Region 9 issued compliance orders to 20 Los Angeles-area 

companies in the auto salvage sector for failing to comply with Federal and State 

stormwater control requirements. The companies violated their National Pollutant 

Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits, which serve to prevent contaminate

stormwater runoff from entering local and regional storm drain systems. EPA ordere

the companies to correct violations immediately to prevent polluted runoff from ente

ing storm drains. Stormwater is a critical source of replenishment for recharging bas

and coastal waters, such as Santa Monica Bay. These actions came after nearly 1,0

inspections of industrial facilities in Los Angeles and Ventura Counties conducted by 

the Los Angeles Water Quality Control Board and EPA over a year. These complianc

assistance and enforcement actions will improve compliance with environmental law

throughout the auto salvage sector. 
implement required controls for inspection according to environmental risk. EPA and 

the District of Columbia conducted more than 200 inspections and initiated enforcement actions against the entities with the poorest compliance records. EPA is currently re-inspecting the sites where enforcement actions were previously taken to 

measure the results achieved because of EPA and the District of Columbia’s actions. 
CAFO operations. 

Compliance incentives are also important tools that 

allow EPA to leverage resources to achieve the best 

environmental outcomes. 

The Joint EPA-State of Iowa Open Feedlot Project 

The Iowa Department of Natural Resources (IDNR), with cooperation and 

support from EPA Region 7, the Iowa Cattlemen’s Association, the United 

States Department of Agriculture, the Farm Bureau and local environmental groups, launched a 9-month compliance audit/incentive program for 

cattle feedlots that encouraged producers without permits to register with 

IDNR for a limited period of time. Prior to initiation of the registration 

program, only 30 open feedlots had the required NPDES permit; at the 

end of the registration period, 965 feedlots registered under program 

requirements. The dramatic increase in the number of large feedlots that 

will now be operating in compliance with the CWA and additional State 

laws will result in tremendous benefits for water quality in Iowa. 

Second Largest Hog Producer 

to Spend $50 Million to Install 

Innovative Wastewater Treatment 

Technology 

EPA, the Department of Justice and the 

Citizens Legal Environmental Action Networ

(CLEAN) entered into a civil settlement with 

Premium Standards Farms, Inc. (PSF), the 

nation’s second largest pork producer, and 

Continental Grain Company, Inc. to resolve 

violations of the CWA, Emergency Planning 

and Community Right-to-Know Act, 

Comprehensive Environmental Response, 

Compensation, and Liability Act, and the CA

that occurred at a number of the companie

factory farms in northwest Missouri. PSF’s a

Continental’s operations in Missouri consist 

more than 1,000 barns, 163 animal waste 
States that serve 275 million people. The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) provides for 

national primary drinking water regulations that address the prevention, monitoring, 

treatment and removal of microbiological contaminants. Contaminated drinking water 

is a direct threat to human health. The effects can be severe, especially on children, 

the elderly and persons with compromised immune systems. Adverse health effects of 

microbiological contamination include gastrointestinal distress, fever, pneumonia, dehydration or death. 

Safe Drinking Water Monitoring and Enforcement Initiative 

in Michigan Results in Safer Drinking Water for Public 

The Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) and EPA Region 5 

continued with their multi-year safe drinking water project to improve compliance at 

1,026 non-community water systems. MDEQ and EPA worked with 43 Local Health 

Departments (LHD) as the implementing agencies. The LHDs used a combination of 

enforcement actions, monitoring reminder notices and informal violation notices to 

improve overall compliance rates. Since the inception of this program, monitoring 

violations for total coliform bacteria and nitrate at the non-community water systems 

decreased at least 60 percent. 
Water Act Permit Limits 

The world’s largest meat packer reduced discharges of ammonia into the Missouri 

River and air emissions as a result of EPA enforcement. EPA, in partnership with the 

State of Nebraska and the Department of Justice, entered into a settlement with IB

inc., the world’s largest producer of fresh beef, pork and related products in FY 200

for violations of the CWA, the CAA and other environmental statutes at its 200-acre 

complex of facilities located near Dakota City, Nebraska, and other facilities in 

Nebraska, Iowa, Kansas and Texas. Citizens in the communities surrounding the 

Dakota facility previously complained about the environmental problems at IBP, inclu

ing the resulting odors. The Dakota City facility emitted up to 1,900 pounds of hydro

gen sulfide each day into the air and discharged approximately four million gallons o

contaminated wastewater daily into the Missouri River. This wastewater contained le

els of ammonia in quantities toxic to aquatic life. Under the terms of the decree, IBP 

will spend $10 million on injunctive relief to resolve its violations at its Dakota City fa

ty and pay a $4.1 million penalty. IBP also committed to a SEP valued at $3.4 millio

to reduce the sulfur content of its incoming water, thereby reducing the potential for 

generating hydrogen sulfide at the wastewater treatment plant. 
William Sound. The OPA is the most recent comprehensive effort to deal with the 

harmful environmental impacts of oil spills. Oil spills pose a potentially serious threat to 

human health and the environment. 

Compliance Rates Increase Because of Compliance Assistance 

and Expedited Penalty Resolution Process 

EPA’s Region 6 office in Dallas, Texas, is integrating compliance assistance into its 

ongoing Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure (SPCC) inspection and compliance assistance program. Region 6 conducted compliance assistance workshops in 

each geographic area prior to initiating SPCC inspections of facilities within the area. 

In FY 2002, Region 6 conducted workshops attended by over 1,900 owners and operators of SPCC-regulated facilities. The Region subsequently conducted inspections of 

the facilities and followed up with administrative penalty enforcement actions using a 

simplified and expedited penalty process. Since the inception of the program, compliance rates increased from 36 percent during the 1999/2000 fiscal years to 53 percent 

in 2001/2002 fiscal years. This represents a 17 percent improvement in compliance 

rates due to this innovative program. 
As a result of EPA criminal enforcement efforts, Carnival Corp. of Miami, Florida, wh

operates 40 cruise ships including those of the Carnival Cruise Lines, pled guilty in 

April 2002 to falsification of oil record books on several of its ships. The company w

pay $18 million in penalties, $9 million of which will be used for a variety of environmental community service projects. Carnival was also ordered to implement and 

enforce a new corporation-wide environmental compliance program. 

EPA initiated a criminal enforcement action against Norwegian Cruise Lines, which p

guilty on July 31, 2002, for concealing the illegal discharge of oil-contaminated bilge 

waste into the Atlantic Ocean. The company will pay a $1 million penalty and an ad

tional $500,000 for environmental community service projects in South Florida. 
Environmental Investigations Unit of the Palm Beach County Sheriff’s Office and prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney’s office in Miami. 
and Corr

ective Action 

Permit Evaders 

RCRA is intended to protect human health and the environment from the hazards 

posed by handling and disposing of wastes. In FY 2002, EPA and the U.S. Departm

of Justice resolved an action against Mobil Oil Corporation, now ExxonMobil, involv

the illegal disposal of benzene-contaminated wastewater in surface impoundments 

without a permit. This is one of the largest hazardous waste settlements in history. 

ExxonMobil agreed to pay a civil penalty of $8.2 million and to spend $3 million on 

SEP to purchase and restore environmentally sensitive land along the Arthur Kill 

Waterway area located near the New York City Harbor, where the violations occurre

Underground Storage Tanks 

RCRA also regulates underground tanks that store petroleum or hazardous substances. Underground storage tanks (USTs) range in capacity from a few hundred to 

50,000 or more gallons and are used to store gasoline, heating oil and other fuels, 

waste oil and hazardous substances at gas stations, marinas, government facilities 

and large industrial sites. Leaks from tanks often contaminate the groundwater and 

can cause unhealthy gasoline vapors to settle into the basements of private homes 
Before tank removal. 

To resolve alleged violations under RCRA, Pennzoil-Quaker State Company (PQ

paid an assessed penalty and agreed to undertake a SEP in Shreveport, Louisia

The SEP provided for the removal and disposal of a storage tank and associate

materials on property that will be developed into a 300,000 square foot conven

center complex in a community with significant environmental justice concerns

SEP assisted in the cleanup of a contaminated redevelopment site and the conv

tion center is expected to create and sustain over 1,100 jobs in this economica

disadvantaged community. 

After tank removal. 
Employee Profile 

Yolaanda Walker 

Environmental Engineer


Office of Site Remediation


Enforcement


Office of Enforcement and


Compliance Assurance


Washington, D.C.


“I enjoy tackling complex technical and policy issues that 

require resolution and working 

with people with diverse educational backgrounds who also 

share the passion and drive to 

provide the best support to our 

Regional offices to address 

RCRA and CERCLA priorities.” 

to Address UST Noncompliance 

In FY 2002, EPA’s Region 9 continued its multi-year effort to address widespread n

compliance with RCRA UST requirements on Tutuila, the largest island in American 

Samoa. This integrated compliance assistance and enforcement effort began when 

EPA inspectors found widespread noncompliance with UST requirements in January 

2001. EPA inspected all 19 of the known UST facilities in Tutuila and entered into co

sent decrees that provided an enforcement structure to return the facilities to comp

ance. In FY 2002, Region 9 entered into the 15th settlement with a gasoline storage 

tank owner on the island. As a result of EPA’s actions, the compliance rate with tank 

upgrade and leak detection requirements on Tutuila improved from almost zero to 

nearly full compliance. Operating in close coordination with the American Samoa 

Environmental Protection Agency, EPA helped assure that new equipment was prop

installed and functioning correctly. 

RCRA Corrective Action 

RCRA Corrective Action Results in Cleaner Water for Nearly 

20 Million People 

Kerr McGee Chemical Corporation is the primary source of perchlorate contaminatio

in Las Vegas, Lake Mead and the lower Colorado River. The Kerr McGee groundwa
Enforcement First for Remedial Action at Superfund Sites 

EPA’s Superfund Program was established to locate, investigate and clean up the 

worst sites nationwide. Under CERCLA, EPA is able to make companies and individuals responsible for a contaminated site perform and pay for investigation and cleanup 

activities. EPA has a long-standing policy to pursue “enforcement first” throughout the 

Superfund cleanup process. This policy promotes the “polluter pays” principle and 

helps to conserve Superfund resources for the cleanup of those sites where viable 

responsible parties do not exist. EPA may also use the Superfund Trust Fund to pay 

for investigation and cleanups, and then attempt to get the money back from responsible parties through legal actions. 

Implementing the New Brownfields Law 

On January 11, 2002, President Bush signed the legislation that both he and 

Administrator Whitman identified as “the most significant piece of environmental legislation” passed by Congress in the preceding year: the Small Business Liability Relief and 

Brownfields Revitalization Act. Passage of the legislation is important because it protects 

small waste contributors, certain municipal solid waste generators and innocent purchasers of contaminated properties. EPA quickly moved to develop implementation guidance and on May 31, 2002, issued the first guidance addressing, “Bona Fide Prospective 
immediate actions to address lead contamination in the town of Herculaneum, 

Missouri. The town is a community of about 2,400 people located in the footprint of 

lead smelter that has operated since the 1890s. The smelter, operated by the Doe R

Company, is the largest primary lead smelter in the nation. Sampling data from 200

showed that 50 percent of the children living within a half mile of the smelter have e

vated blood lead levels and that people were being exposed to high levels of lead. I

2002, Doe Run completed remediation of contaminated soils at homes with children 

under 6 years of age, completed soil cleanups at residential yards with lead levels 

above a prescribed level and undertook interior dust cleanups at homes where it pe

formed soil remediation. The company also developed and implemented a transpor

tion and materials handling control plan to address problems with lead releases alon

the truck haul routes through town and suspected fugitive dust emissions from the 

facility. The combination of actions completed by Doe Run as a result of this CERCL

enforcement action greatly reduced exposure to lead in this community. The 2002 

blood level sampling data for children living closest to the smelter shows a 62 perce

reduction in the prevalence of elevated blood levels compared to 2001 data. 
EPA’s cost recovery activities are important because they preserve the Superfund 

Trust Fund by recovering EPA’s past costs, which makes resources available for 

other Superfund site cleanups. With respect to private parties in FY 2002, EPA 

secured cleanup and cost recovery commitments valued in excess of $627 million 

(over $501 million for future cleanup and $126 million for recovery of past costs). 

EPA’s regulations covering aboveground 

oil storage tanks (ASTs), such as the 

one pictured here, are based on the 

concept of preventing spills through 

proper design, operation, and 

maintenance procedures. 
gppp 
including germkilling substances or antimicrobials. EPA and State pesticide regulatory 

agencies face an increasing number of tips, complaints and questions about the sale 

of pesticides and pesticidal services over the Internet. The rise of e-commerce creates 

greater opportunities for unknowing or unscrupulous vendors to sell consumers unregistered and restricted use pesticides. Such sales could present a significant risk to 

human health and the environment. In response to this environmental, consumer protection and compliance concern, EPA issued the Integrated Compliance and 

Enforcement Strategy for Pesticide e-Commerce in FY 2002. The strategy provides 

guidance on how to conduct inspections and enforce violations in the virtual world of 

the Internet, and educated the regulated community about its legal obligations and 

how to meet them. EPA worked closely with States in developing the strategy to 

address States’ unique concerns. 

In September 2002, EPA ordered Aerotech Laboratories, Inc., of Phoenix, Arizona, and 

American Security and Control, Inc., of Falls Church, Virginia, to stop advertising and 

selling their unregistered pesticide products, which they claimed protected against 

anthrax. EPA ordered Aerotech to stop selling the unregistered pesticide, Modec 

Decon Formulation (MDF), that the company included in its Bioterrorism Response Kit. 

In addition, the stop sale order required the company to stop selling two other unregistered products the company advertised on the Internet: the Anthrax and Biological 

continued on page 51 
western Kansas. 

population. The focus area for this project includes eight communities located in 

pesticide safety information and increasing pesticide safety knowledge to the target 

cides, collecting data of pesticide usage, providing bilingual and culturally sensitive 

educating migrant/seasonal farm workers whose work may expose them to pestiObjectives of the project include: establishing a network capable of identifying and 

safety and pesticide exposure risks. HAC received a grant in the amount of $30,000 

for the Informing People on Pesticides (IPOP) Project over a period of 1 year. 
Although preventable, lead poisoning remains a major childhood environmental disease. 

Nearly 1 million children in the United States have blood-lead levels high enough to 

result in irreversible neurological and other health damage. Roughly 24 million children 

under the age of 6 are potentially at risk for lead poisoning, generally through exposure 

to lead-based paint and lead-contaminated dust and soil. The Real Estate Notification 

and Disclosure Rule (Lead Disclosure Rule) under TSCA requires that landlords and 

owners of regulated property provide information about lead poisoning to prospective 

renters and purchasers and disclose known information regarding lead-based paint to 

potential lessees or purchasers prior to finalizing lease or purchase agreements. EPA 

directly administers this program. 

Integrated Compliance Assistance Enforcement Initiative Increases 

Compliance With Lead Disclosure Rule 

In FY 2002, EPA’s enforcement and compliance program, along with EPA’s Office of 

Children’s Health Programs and the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, led a 

compliance assistance initiative to increase compliance with the Lead Disclosure Rule 

and reduce the health risks posed by lead-based paint. The initiative resulted in over 

2,000 inspections and/or the review of approximately 9,000 leases. EPA provided 

compliance assistance information and pamphlets on compliance with the lead prohazards in violation of the Lead Disclosure Rule. The settlement requires AIMCO to t

and clean up lead-based paint hazards in more than 130,000 apartments nationwid

and pay a $129,580 penalty. The penalty and the number of units being tested and 

cleaned are the largest ever in a lead disclosure settlement. 

Asbestos 

Compliance Assistance and Inspections Result in Greater 

Protection of School Children from Asbestos Exposure 

TSCA’s Asbestos Hazard Emergency Removal Act (AHERA) requires local education 

agencies to inspect their schools for asbestos-containing building materials and prepare management plans that recommend the best way to reduce the asbestos haza

In FY 2002 EPA Region 8 conducted 68 school district inspections, which uncovere

an AHERA noncompliance rate exceeding 75 percent. To address this problem, EPA 

created an AHERA training package and distributed the package to many of the sch

districts. The goal of the package is to provide compliance assistance to school districts to improve the overall compliance rate and provide a safer environment for the 

school children. 
develop the property for commercial and industrial reuse. Approximately 690 gallons of 

liquid PCBs and 14 million pounds of PCB-contaminated concrete, wood and soil are 

expected to be removed from the site. 

Compliance Assistance Provided to Veterans Health Administration 

EPA and the Veterans Health Administration undertook a significant compliance assurance initiative in FY 2002 and signed a precedential agreement committing their organizations to work together to improve compliance at Veterans Administration (VA) Medical 

Centers across the nation. Under the Veterans Health Administration Partnership for 

Compliance, EPA will conduct environmental management reviews at VA Medical 

Centers to evaluate their environmental systems and recommend improvements. The 

Veterans Health Administration will update its internal compliance auditing procedures 

to ensure that its facilities operate in compliance with environmental laws and regulations. The Veterans Health Administration is currently pilot testing new self-auditing procedures and how to integrate them into its existing safety evaluation program. 

Employee Pr

Sally M. Dalzell 

Attorney/Advisor


Federal Facilities En

Office, Office of Enf

Compliance Assuran

Washington, D.C.


“Many Federal faci

significant environ

lenges. I assist the 

in carrying out the

work of ensuring p

cleanups and comp

environmental laws 

agencies. I believe 

difference for the g

people and our cou

impact we make of

the next generation
EPA’s international enforcement and compliance assurance work includes the imple

mentation of international commitments for enforcement and compliance cooperatio

with other countries, especially those along the U.S. border, and helps build interna

tional capacity for improving domestic environmental governance. We also contribut

to an Agency-wide initiative to create an integrated compliance and enforcement st

egy for imports and exports of toxic and hazardous chemicals, pesticides and wast

United States, Canada and Mexico Work Together to Enforce 

Environmental Laws 

EPA participated in the North American Working Group on Environmental Enforcem

and Compliance Cooperation of the tri-national Commission for Environmental 

Cooperation. A FY 2002 highlight is the Transboundary Enforcement Workshop that 

brought together representatives from Canada, Mexico and the United States to wo

on enforcement of environmental laws in one country that may require the assistanc

of another country, either in the form of mutual legal cooperation or the voluntary 

exchange of information or assistance. 
Gaetano La Vigna 

Environmental Engin

Division of Enforcem

Compliance Assistan

Air Compliance Bran

EPA Region 2, New Y

“Reducing pollutio

a positive effect on 

health while preser

the environment.” 

Hazardous Waste 

EPA’s review of notifications of intent to import hazardous waste resulted in the objection to the importation of 31 waste streams on various regulatory grounds, such as the 

lack of a permit at the receiving facility or the non-inclusion of the subject waste in the 

permit of the receiving facility. The objections denied potential entry of 165,495 tons of 

solid hazardous wastes and almost 18 million gallons of liquid hazardous wastes into 

the United States. 

EPA also undertook an EPA-U.S. Customs Initiative to create an integrated compliance 

and enforcement strategy for imports and exports of toxic and hazardous chemicals, 

pesticides and wastes. In 2002, the initiative assessed opportunities for providing 

real-time access to import data necessary for compliance and enforcement decisionmaking, including a seamless information-sharing system between EPA and the 

U.S. Customs Service. The group also assessed creating focused policies, strategies 

and regulatory approaches related to imports and exports. 
Conclusion 

The highlights described in this annual report represent the environmental results th

can be achieved through smart enforcement. As we move into the future, the enforc

ment and compliance assurance program will continue to build a smart enforcemen

program by using all of the enforcement and compliance tools at our disposal, deve

oping new tools, forging strategic partnerships, integrating environmental justice and 

encouraging innovation. 
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon 

CSO Combined Sewer Overflows 

CWA Clean Water Act 

DOD Department of Defense 

DOE Department of Energy 

DOJ Department of Justice 

EA Enforcement Action 

EAO Emergency Administrative Order 

ECHO Enforcement and Compliance History Online 

EJ Environmental Justice 

EMS Environmental Management System 

EMR Environmental Management Review 

EO Executive Order 

GPO Government Printing Office 

GPRA Government Performance and Resu

HUD Department of Housing and Urban 

Development 

IDEA Integrated Data for Enforcement Ana

LDAR Leak Detection and Repair 

MACT Maximum Achievable Control Techno

MCL Maximum Concentration Limits 

MRBMA	 Mercury-Containing and Rechargeab

Battery Management Act 

MTBE Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether 

NASA 	 National Aeronautics and Space 

Administration 

NEPA National Environmental Policy Act 
NPMS National Performance Measures Strategy 

NSR/PSD	 New Source Review/Prevention of 

Significant Deterioration 

OAQPS Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 

OECA	 Office of Enforcement and Compliance 

Assurance 

OI Order for Information 

OLC Office of Legal Counsel 

ORE Office of Regulatory Enforcement 

OTIS On-line Tracking Information System 

PCB Polychlorinated Biphenyl 

PM Particulate Matter 

POTW Publicly Owned Treatment Works 

SIP State Implementation Plan 

SNC Significant Noncompliance 

SO2 Sulfur Dioxide 

SPCC	 Spill Prevention Control and 

Countermeasure 

SSO Sanitary Sewer Overflows 

TRI Toxic Release Inventory 

TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act 

TSS Total Suspended Solids 

USCG U.S. Coast Guard 

USFS U.S. Forest Service 

UST Underground Storage Tank 

VOC Volatile Organic Compound 
* Administrative penalties assessed include $93,100 from RCRA UST field citations. 

� Data current as of May 2003. 
� Data current as of May 2003. * This ranking does not include contaminate

soil or groundwater. The numbers reported 

represent the pounds of pollutants reduce
EPA Criminal Penalties Value of Injunctive Relief 

� Data current as of May 2003. 
* FY 2002 includes 190 counter-terrorism investigation initiatives. 
Entities Rea
� Data current as of May 2003. 
The significant number of FY 2000 administrative settlements was due to first-time enforcement of a new SDWA requirement to submit Consumer 

Confidence Reports (drinking water quality reports for consumers). 

� Data current as of May 2003. 
� Data current as of May 2003. 
* In FY 2002 OECA adopted a new policy for counting CAA inspections. 

Under the previous method, ‘02 inspections would exceed 18,000. 

� Data current as of May 2003. 
Small Business Policy: <www.epa.gov/compliance/incentives/smallbusiness/index.html> 

Small Communities Policy: <www.epa.gov/compliance/incentives/smallcommunity/index.html> 

Sector Notebooks: <www.epa.gov/oeca/sector> 

EPA Regional Offices: <www.epa.gov/epahome/whereyoulive.htm#regiontext> 

Laws and Regulations: <www.epa.gov/epahome/lawregs.htm> 

State Environmental Agencies: <www.epa.gov/epapages/statelocal/envrolst.htm> 

Environmental Compliance for Automotive Recyclers Center (ECARcenter): <www.ecarcenter.org> 

Construction Industry Compliance Assistance Center (CICAcenter): <www.cicacenter.org> 

Border Compliance Assistance Center: <www.bordercenter.org> 

Enforcement and Compliance History Online (ECHO): <www.epa.gov/echo> 

APPENDIX 

C


improve their compliance with environmental laws. OC also works with EPA Regions 

and Headquarters to establish national enforcement and compliance priorities, mon

compliance, develop and track performance and measure and evaluate results. 

The Office of Criminal Enforcement, Forensics and Training (OCEFT) directs EP

criminal program, provides technical and forensic services for civil and criminal inves

tigative support and provides training for Federal, State, and local environmental pro

fessionals. OCEFT also provides investigative and technical support to the Federal 

government's homeland security program. 

The Office of Federal Activities (OFA) reviews all Federal Environmental Impact 

Statements (EISs) prepared under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA); ma

tains a national EIS filing system; assures that EPA’s own actions comply with NEPA 

and other environmental requirements; and provides technical assistance, complian

assistance, enforcement and capacity building. 

The Office of Environmental Justice (OEJ) provides a central point for EPA to 

address environmental and human health concerns in all communities, including min

ity communities and/or low-income communities—a segment of the population that 

has been disproportionately exposed to environmental harms and risks. 
Superfund), Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Oil Pollution Act, and 

Underground Storage Tanks. 

The Office of Planning, Policy Analysis and Communications (OPPAC) 

recommends national policy on issues pertaining to environmental enforcement and 

compliance and addresses emerging and crosscutting issues, such as innovation in 

OECA’s programs. 

The Federal Facilities Enforcement Office (FFEO) is responsible for ensuring 

that Federal facilities take all necessary actions to prevent, control and abate 

environmental pollution. 
Office of Environmental Justice: 202 564-2515 


Office of Planning, Policy Analysis & Communications: 202 564-2530 


Federal Facilities Enforcement Office: 202 564-2510 


Office of Federal Activities: 202 564-5400 


Administration and Resources Management Support Staff: 202 564-2455


Mailing Address: 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 


1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW 


Washington, D.C. 20460-0001


APPENDIX 

E