# Patent

## Title
Battery-capacity supervisory control device and method thereof

## Abstract

A battery-capacity supervisory control device includes a DC current/DC voltage detecting loop, a microprocessor and a display unit. The DC current/DC voltage detecting loop is connected between a battery and a power inverter for detecting a first voltage value before the battery electrically discharges, and a second voltage value as well as an output current value of the battery after electrically discharging for a time unit of the battery, to calculate the available capacity of the battery and to calculate the available time of the battery under loading according to the available capacity of the battery through the microprocessor. The display simultaneously displays the available time of the battery under loading and the available capacity of the battery. Therefore, a user effectively supervises and assures the battery is in the usable state.

## Background
BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to a battery-capacity supervisory control, and more particularly to a supervisory control device that can display the remaining amount and usable time (period) or times of a battery.
2. Description of Related Arts
Undoubtedly, electrical appliances bring convenience for people and have been widely used. Most electrical appliances are powered by electricity that the electrical appliances are electrically connected to a AC power source. Accordingly, most electrical appliances are considered as home appliances, wherein such electrical appliances cannot be used, for example, when the user is driving such that there is no power source for the electrical appliances to be plugged. Accordingly, a DC-to-AC inverter must be used in order to solve the above problem for powering the electrical appliance when the user is driving.
But, at the present time, the above mentioned inverter, an uninterrupted power system or any of other regenerated energy sources such as solar energy, is unable (when being connected to a load such as an electric appliance) to effectively display the remaining amount and usable time of a battery during the latter keeps on operation for the load. It not only is inconvenient for use, but also may create various problems induced by forgetting or negligence of people. Particularly when using in a car, electrical power normally is supplied by a battery provided in the car. When the inverter is operated for converting the electrical power from the battery to the electrical appliance for a period of time, the power of the battery is subject to be overly used and the car will have a trouble of being unable to start. When the car is kept on running with the idle speed to supply electrical power from time to time, oil wasting is then caused.
And more, by the fact that batteries and the inverter are both convenient for carrying, it is quite popular to use the inverter to convert between direct and alternating electric currents, as to those intermittently electric discharging loads (such as a flashing light). The cycling times of use supported by the remaining amount of the batteries is a question concerned by a user, however, there is no device that can provide such a function.
In view of this and for getting rid of the above defects to make a battery-capacity supervisory control device able to display available capacity of a battery, and able to calculate and display usable time (period) or times of the battery in a loading state, thereby a user can effectively supervise and assure that the battery is in the usable state. The inventor thereby provides the present invention based on his experience of years and nonstop study and development.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
The primary object of the present invention is to provide a battery-capacity supervisory control device which is able to display available capacity of a battery to render a user to effectively distribute the limited electric power of the battery and to supervise the capacity of the battery by detecting the output direct current and voltage and by operation of a microprocessor.
The secondary object of the present invention is to provide a battery-capacity supervisory control device which uses a microprocessor to calculate the remaining capacity of the battery and to calculate the loss of power of the load, thereby to obtain the usable time of the battery for the purpose of convenient supervision on the capacity of the battery.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery-capacity supervisory control device which uses a microprocessor to calculate the remaining capacity of the battery and to calculate the loss of power of the load for single time using, thereby to obtain the available times of the battery under loading for the purpose of convenient supervision on the capacity of the battery.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery-capacity supervisory control device which can be used or turned off at a preset time, in order to effectively control consumption of electric power of the battery, and to assure the battery to be in an available state for use.
For the purpose of achieving the above stated objects of the present invention, the battery-capacity supervisory control device provided in the present invention comprises a DC current/DC voltage detecting loop, a microprocessor and a display unit. The DC current/DC voltage detecting loop is electrically connected between a battery and a power inverter for detecting output current and voltage of the battery. The power inverter is electrically connected with a load, wherein the microprocessor is operatively connected with the DC current/DC voltage detecting loop for obtaining a first voltage value before the battery electrically discharges, and a second voltage value as well as an output current value of the battery after electrically discharging for a predetermined time unit of the battery. The first and second voltage values are obtained to calculate the available capacity of the battery, and to calculate the available time of the battery under loading according to the available capacity of the battery. The display unit is operatively connected with the microprocessor in order to display the available capacity of the battery and the available time of the battery under loading.
During operation, the available capacity of the battery=[(the second voltage value−the voltage value of the battery in an empty state)/(the first voltage value−the second voltage value)]×the output current value of the battery×the time of electrically discharging. Accordingly, the voltage value of the battery in an empty state is a known value.
In addition, during operation, the available time of the battery under loading=the available capacity of the battery/the output current value of the battery.
The power of loading=the current value of the load×the voltage value of the load.
The number of times of electric discharging of the load=the available capacity of the battery/the single-time electric discharging amount of the load.
In addition, the present invention further comprises a timer which is operatively connected with the microprocessor to control the using time of the load, and to activate a warning device to generate a warning signal.
These and other objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a battery-capacity supervisory control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the electric circuit of the battery-capacity supervisory control device according to the above first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a DC current/DC voltage detecting loop of the battery-capacity supervisory control device according to the above first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the direction of current flow of the DC current/DC voltage detecting loop of the battery-capacity supervisory control device according to the above first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of a battery-capacity supervisory control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of the electric circuit of the battery-capacity supervisory control device according to the above second embodiment of the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1 of the drawings, a battery-capacity supervisory control device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, wherein the battery-capacity supervisory control device 1 comprises a DC current/DC voltage detecting loop 11, a microprocessor 12 and a display unit 13, a warning device 14 and a timer 15.
The DC current/DC voltage detecting loop 11 is electrically connected between a battery 3 and a power inverter 4 for detecting output current and voltage of the battery 3. During operation, the power inverter 4 is a DC/AC power inverter used for converting direct current signals input by the battery 3 into alternating current signals, wherein the power inverter 4 is electrically connected with a load 5 via an output terminal 41 of an alternating current electric power supply. The DC current/DC voltage detecting loop 11 comprises a DC input signal processing loop 16 for filtering off interfering signals and amplifying the direct current signals after eliminating interference signals to increase the accuracy of sampling the direct current flow.
The microprocessor 12 is operatively connected with the DC current/DC voltage detecting loop 11, the display unit 13, the warning device 14, the timer 15 and an oscillating circuit 17 respectively. The display unit 13 comprises a capacity display 131 for showing the available capacity of the battery 3, a time-usage display 132 for showing the usable time under loading, a cycling display 133 for showing the number of times of electrical discharging of the load and a time-setting display 134.
During operation, the battery 3, the power inverter 4 and the load 5 are electrically connected. At the initial operation of the load 5, through detecting of the DC current/DC voltage detecting loop 11, the present invention obtains a first voltage value before the battery electrically discharges, and a second voltage value as well as an output current value of the battery 3 after electrically discharging for a predetermined time unit of the battery 3. In order that the microprocessor 12 calculates the available capacity of the battery 3 with the following formula of operation:
The available capacity of the battery=[(the second voltage value−the voltage value of the battery in an empty state)/(the first voltage value−the second voltage value)]×the output current value of the battery×the time of electrically discharging;
wherein the voltage value of the battery in an empty state is a known value.
The available time of the battery under loading=the available capacity of the battery/the output current value of the battery.
For example: The voltage value of the battery in an empty state is 10 volts. The loading current is 10 amperes. It is measured that the voltage of the battery is 12.6 volts. After continuously electrically discharging for 3 minutes, it is measured that the voltage of the battery is 12.4 volts.
The available capacity of the battery=[(12.4−10)/(12.6−12.4)]×10×3=360 amperes/min.
The available time of the battery under loading=360/10=36 min.
During operation, the available capacity of the battery can also be converted into a scale diagram, in order to display on the capacity display 131 for showing the available capacity of the battery 3 for the convenience of a user in use.
During operation, the microprocessor 12 can also calculate the available time of the battery 3 under loading through the following formula:
The available time of the battery 3 under loading=the available capacity of the battery/the accumulated loss of power of the load in a unit time.
The accumulated loss of power of the load in a unit time=the amount of electricity consumed in the unit time by the battery/the efficiency of converting=[(the first voltage value−the second voltage value)×the output current value of the battery/the efficiency of converting;
wherein by the fact that the available capacity of the battery 3 is known, and the efficiency of converting is an experiment value of circa 85%, after putting them into the formula, the available time of the battery under loading can be obtained by calculation too.
While the load 4 such as a flash light is used, after flashes one time or many times within a set time period, the microprocessor 12 can calculate the times able to be used of the available voltage of the battery 3 according to the situation that voltage reduces, the operation formula is as below:
The number of times of electrical discharging of the load=the available capacity of the battery/the single-time electrical discharging amount of the load.
For example: the voltage is reduced to 0.1 volt after 5 times flashing, then:

the number of times of electrical discharging of the load=(12.6−10)/(0.1×5)=140 (times).

Therefore, the available capacity of the battery 3, the available time of the battery under loading and the number of times of electrical discharging of the load can be obtained by calculation and displayed on the display unit 13, while the time being desired to use the load 5 is displayed on the time-setting display 134 by controlling of a manual timer to set the operational time of the battery, when the set time is up, the warning device 14 generates a warning signal to remind the user. Preferably, the warning device 14 is a buzzer to generate a sound signal as the warning signal.
Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the DC current/DC voltage detecting loop 11 comprises a resistance R12 connected with the battery 3 in a parallel connection, and a resistance R13 as well as the DC input signal processing loop 16, wherein a node N is provided between the resistance R12 and the resistance R13 for outputting sampling voltage signals to the microprocessor 12. The DC input signal processing loop 16 comprises an inverse amplifier U3A and a non inverse amplifier U3B. The inverse amplifier U3A has a wave filtering function, wherein a resistor C9 leads the impure signals or interference signals into the inverse input terminal of the inverse amplifier U3A for inverse amplifying, and is combined with direct current signals led in through a resistance R11, a capacitor C10 and a resistance R5, in order to offset the impure signals or interference signals having contrary phase but same amplitude, thereby useful direct current signals can be obtained. Through amplifying of the non inverse amplifier U3B to some scale, the direct current signals can be connected to the microprocessor 12 through the input terminal of the inverse amplifier U3B, a resistance R25 and a node M, in order to filter off the interference signals and to amplify the direct current signals after filtering off the interference signals.
FIGS. 5 and 6 show a second embodiment of the battery-capacity supervisory control device 1 of the present invention. Based on the first embodiment, the battery-capacity supervisory control device 1 of the second embodiment further comprises an AC current/AC voltage detecting loop 18 and a loading display 135 for showing the power of loading. One end of the AC current/AC voltage detecting loop 18 is electrically connected to the microprocessor 12, and its other end is electrically connected between the power inverter 4 and the load 5, in order to detect the alternating voltage of the load 5 through an external alternating voltage data converter (not shown). Then, the data are separately transmitted to the microprocessor 12 by means of a photo-coupler US. The microprocessor 12 is calculated to obtain the power of loading with the following formula, the power of loading is displayed on the loading display 135 of the display unit 13.
The power of loading=the current value of the load×the voltage value of the load
When the microprocessor 12 is used to calculate the accumulated loss of power of the load in a unit time, and the available capacity of the battery 3 is taken to be divided by the accumulated loss of power of the load in a unit time to also obtain the available time of the battery 3 under loading.
The present invention thereby has the following advantages:
1. The present invention can provide an intellectual interface for a user, in order the user can easily know the working state among the battery, the power inverter and the load, such that the present invention can simultaneously, safely and effectively protect and control normal way of use of the battery, the power inverter and the load.
2. The present invention can display the available capacity of the battery through operation of the microprocessor, in order to render the user to effectively distribute and supervise the limited electrical power.
3. The present invention can detect and calculate the loss of power of loading, the available time of the battery under loading and the number of times available for the convenience of supervision.
4. The present invention sets the time of using or turning on/off according to need to effectively control consumption of electric power of the battery, and to assure the battery to be in an available state for use.
5. The present invention can detect the loss of power of the load, in order that the user can more clearly know the state of consumption of electric power of the load for saving energy source.
In conclusion, according to the description disclosed above, the present invention surely can get the expected objects thereof to provide a battery-capacity supervisory control device that not only can display the available capacity of a battery, but also can calculate and display usable time (period) or times of the battery in a loading state, thereby the user can effectively supervise and assure that the battery is in the usable state. Hence this invention has extreme good industrial value.
One skilled in the art will understand that the embodiment of the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above is exemplary only and not intended to be limiting.
It will thus be seen that the objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The embodiments have been shown and described for the purposes of illustrating the functional and structural principles of the present invention and is subject to change without departure from such principles. Therefore, this invention includes all modifications encompassed within the spirit and scope of the following claims.

## Claims

1. A battery-capacity supervisory control device for supervising a connection between a battery and a load through a power inverter, comprising:
a detecting loop which is arranged for electrically connecting between said battery and a power inverter for detecting output current and voltage of said battery;
a microprocessor which is electrically connected with said detecting loop for obtaining a first voltage value before said battery electrically discharges, and a second voltage value as well as an output current value of said battery after electrically discharging for a predetermined time unit of said battery, in order to calculate available capacity of said battery, and to calculate available time of said battery under loading according to said available capacity of said battery; and
a display unit which is operatively connected with said microprocessor in order to display said available capacity of said battery and said available time of said battery under loading;
wherein said microprocessor not only determines an amount of electricity consumed in a unit time by said battery in responsive to said first and second voltage values and said output current value of said battery, but also calculates to obtain accumulated loss of power of said load in a unit time in responsive to said accumulated loss of power of said load in a unit time and efficiency of converting, wherein said available capacity of said battery is taken to be divided by said accumulated loss of power of said load in a unit time to obtain available time of said battery under loading.

2. A battery-capacity supervisory control device for supervising a connection between a battery and a load through a power inverter, comprising:
a detecting loop which is arranged for electrically connecting between said battery and a power inverter for detecting output current and voltage of said battery;
a microprocessor which is electrically connected with said detecting loop for obtaining a first voltage value before said battery electrically discharges, and a second voltage value as well as an output current value of said battery after electrically discharging for a predetermined time unit of said battery, in order to calculate available capacity of said battery, and to calculate available time of said battery under loading according to said available capacity of said battery;
a display unit which is operatively connected with said microprocessor in order to display said available capacity of said battery and said available time of said battery under loading; and
a DC input signal processing loop which comprises an inverse amplifier and a non inverse amplifier, wherein an inverse input terminal of said inverse amplifier is arranged for electrically connecting to said battery, for inverse amplifying impure signals in direct current to be output from an output terminal of said inverse amplifier, wherein said output terminal and said inverse input terminal of said inverse amplifier is connected with a non-inverse input terminal of said non-inverse amplifier to offset said impure signals, and direct current signals are output through an output terminal of said non-inverse amplifier to said microprocessor.