ARKANSAS COURT OF APPEALS

DIVISION I

No. CV-13-414

ROBERT EMMONS and KIMBERLY

EMMONS

APPELLANTS

V.

ARKANSAS DEPARTMENT OF

HUMAN SERVICES

APPELLEE

Opinion Delivered October 2, 2013

APPEAL FROM THE CRAIGHEAD

COUNTY CIRCUIT COURT,

WESTERN DISTRICT [NO. JV-2011-

98]

HONORABLE CINDY THYER,

JUDGE

AFFIRMED

JOHN MAUZY PITTMAN, Judge

This is an appeal from an order terminating appellants’ parental rights to their five

children. The children were taken into protective custody after a home inspection following

one of Mrs. Emmons’s several arrests revealed that the children had been subjected to

environmental and educational neglect. Efforts to reunite the family continued for almost

two years, but after both parents continued to test positive for illegal drug use, the goal was

changed to termination. Appellants argue on appeal that the trial court clearly erred in

terminating their parental rights. We affirm.

An order terminating parental rights must be based on the court’s finding by clear and

convincing evidence that termination is in the best interest of the juvenile, taking into

consideration (1) the likelihood that the juvenile will be adopted if the termination petition

is granted and (2) the potential harm, specifically addressing the effect on the health and safety

Cite as 2013 Ark. App. 541
of the child, caused by returning the child to the custody of the parent. Ark. Code Ann. §

9-27-341(b)(3)(A)(i) and (ii) (Supp. 2011). The trial court must also find by clear and

convincing evidence that one or more statutory grounds for termination exists. Ark.Code

Ann. § 9–27–341(b)(3)(B). The statutory grounds include:

That a juvenile has been adjudicated by the court to be dependent-neglected and has

continued to be out of the custody of the parent for twelve (12) months and, despite

a meaningful effort by the department to rehabilitate the parent and correct the

conditions that caused removal, those conditions have not been remedied by the

parent.

. . . . 

That other factors or issues arose subsequent to the filing of the original petition for

dependency-neglect that demonstrate that placement of the juvenile in the custody

of the parent is contrary to the juvenile's health, safety, or welfare and that, despite the

offer of appropriate family services, the parent has manifested the incapacity or

indifference to remedy the subsequent issues or factors or rehabilitate the parent’s

circumstances that prevent the placement of the juvenile in the custody of the parent.

Ark. Code Ann. § 9-27-341(b)(3)(B)(i)(a) and (vii)(a). On appeal, the issue is whether the

trial court’s finding that the fact was proved by clear and convincing evidence is clearly

erroneous. McDaniel v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 2013 Ark. App. 263. A

finding is clearly erroneous when the appellate court is, on the entire evidence, left with a

definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made. Id. In deciding whether a finding

of the trial court is clearly erroneous, we give great deference to the superior opportunity of

the trial court to observe the parties and to judge the credibility of witnesses. Id.

On April 7, 2011, a petition for emergency custody was filed by appellee. It alleged

that a protective-services case was opened on the family in December 2010, based on 

environmental and educational neglect. The petition further alleged that appellant Kimberly

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Emmons did not attend scheduled family services, did not remedy the children’s truancy

problem, twice tested positive for methamphetamine, and was incarcerated several times on

charges ranging from hot checks to driving on a suspended license. The petition also noted

that appellant Robert Emmons was paralyzed from the neck down.

After the children were removed, the children were adjudicated dependent-neglected,

and a plan to reunite the family by remedying the family’s dysfunctions was established. In

a review order of October 18, 2011, from which no appeal was taken, the trial court found

that the Department of Human Services had made reasonable efforts to provide services to

achieve the goal of permanency but that neither of the appellants had fully complied with

the case plan. The order noted that appellant Kimberly Emmons had manifested

noncompliance by failing to establish and maintain stable housing, stable employment, and

an environment suitable to children; by her arrest on outstanding warrants; by failing to

complete parenting classes; and by refusing one drug screen and testing positive for

methamphetamine on another. The order found that appellant Robert Emmons failed to

comply with the case plan by twice testing positive for THC, by not maintaining contact

with the Department, and by not visiting the children. 

In a review order of April 3, 2012, which was not appealed from, the trial court again

found that the Department had made reasonable efforts to provide family services, including

transportation, and that both appellants had failed to comply with the case plan. Appellant

Kimberly Emmons was found to have failed to maintain stable housing and employment, and

appellant Robert Emmons was again found to have failed a drug test, failed to maintain

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contact with the Department, and failed to visit the children. A permanency-planning

hearing subsequently was held and, in an order entered August 1, 2012, the trial court found

that Kimberly Emmons still had not obtained stable housing and employment, and that

appellant Robert Emmons had again tested positive for THC. No appeal was taken from

that order. In a fifteen-month review order entered October 11, 2012, the trial court

changed the case goal to termination of parental rights, finding that appellant Kimberly

Emmons had failed to comply with the case plan by not maintaining stable employment and

by not resolving all of her criminal issues. Appellant Robert Emmons was found to have not

complied with the case plan by failing to resolve all of his criminal issues so as to remain free. 

No appeal was taken from that order. After a hearing, an order terminating appellants’

parental rights was issued on March 4, 2013, finding that, despite the provision of abundant

reunification services, including reasonable accommodations for the disability of appellant

Robert Emmons, both appellants had failed to remedy the conditions causing removal. The

trial court, noting that Kimberly Emmons could not care for the children because she was

again incarcerated with other felony charges pending and that Robert Emmons had not

remained drug free, found that it would be contrary to the children’s health and safety to

return them to the home and that it was in the best interests of the juveniles to terminate

parental rights. 

Appellant Kimberly Emmons argues that she was making progress despite her relapses,

but it is well settled that evidence that a parent begins to make improvement as termination

becomes more imminent will not outweigh other evidence demonstrating a failure to comply

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and to remedy the situation that caused the children to be removed in the first place. 

Camarillo-Cox v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 360 Ark. 340, 201 S.W.3d 391

(2005). Appellant Robert Emmons argues that, because he is a quadriplegic, he should,

under the Americans with Disabilities Act, have been given transportation to a drug

assessment that he failed to attend. However, the previous orders of the trial court finding

that reasonable services had been provided were not appealed, and we are thus precluded

from reviewing the trial court’s previous findings that reasonable efforts had been made to

rehabilitate the family. See Jones-Lee v. Arkansas Department of Human Services, 2009 Ark. App.

160, 316 S.W.3d 261. In any event, there was evidence that he had available transportation,

that he never requested the transportation now mentioned, and that he continued to use

illegal drugs throughout the case. On our de novo review of the record, we conclude that the

trial court did not clearly err in terminating appellants’ parental rights.

Affirmed.

WALMSLEY and VAUGHT, JJ., agree.

Janet Lawrence, for appellants.

Tabitha B. McNulty, County Legal Operations, and Chrestman Group, PLLC, by: Keith

L. Chrestman, for appellees.

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