U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

FOREST SERVICE RESEARCH NOTE SE-305 FEBRUARY 1981

A CHECKLIST OF COMMON PLANTS

of

THE APPALACHIAN TRAIL IN THE

JEFFERSON NATIONAL FOREST, VIRGINIA

by Arnold Krochmal’ and Connie Krochmal

This Note lists the plants that a hiker is likely

to notice on the Appalachian Trail in the Jefferson

National Forest, Virginia. The list is one of the

results of an inventory of plant life along the Trail

as it passes through Southern National Forests.

Only plants that were conspicuous because of

their size, large population, or leaf or flower color

are listed. Fungi, grasses, mosses, and lichens are

excluded. Since each trail section was visited only

once, some-plants whose flowers are conspicuous

at times other than that of the inventory may be

excluded.

Whenever possible, the nomenclature in

Gray’s Manual ofBotnny is followed. Names of

plants that do not appear there are from Manualof

the Vascular Flora of the Carolinas and from

Flora of West Virginia.

Numbers appearing after each plant indicate

the sections of the Trail on which the species is

found. The numbers are keyed to the accompanying map (fig. I).

1

2

Damascus to Summit Gap (U.S. 58)

U.S. 58 to Virginia 603 (includes Whitetop

and Mt. Rogers)

Virginia 603 to Dickey Gap

Dickey Gap to Brushy Mountain

Virginia 16 to Interstate 81 Jet. U.S. 11

U.S. 11 at Middle Fork of Holston to Big

Walker Lookout

7 Big Walker Lookout to Crandon

8 Crandon to mouth of Dismal Creek

9 Mouth of Dismal Creek to New River

IO New River to Stony Creek Valley

11

1 2

1 3

I4

15

16

17

18

Stony Creek Valley to Johns Creek Valley

Johns Creek Valley to Sinking Creek Valley

Sinking Creek Valley to Craig Creek Valley

Craig Creek Valley to Virginia 3 I I

Virginia 311 to Jet. U.S. 220 and U.S. 11

U.S. 220 and U.S. 11 to Black Horse Gap

Black Horse Gap to Bear Wallow Gap

Bear Wallow Gap to Middle Creek picnic

area

19 Middle Creek to Parker’s Gap Road

20 Parker’s Gap Road to Petit’s Gap

21 Petit’s Gap to Virginia 501

F’TERIDOPHYTA

Lycopodiaceae

Lycopodium L.

Club-moss

(15319)

Club-Moss Family

sp.

L. complanatum L.

Ground-cedar

(1,4,6,7,9,11,14,21)

L. lucid&m Michx.

Shining club-moss

(I)

L. obscurum L.

Flat-branch ground-pine

(1,3,9)

Ophioglossaceae Adder’s_Tongue Family

Botrychium virginianum (L.) SW.

Rattlesnake-fern

(10,14,19,21)

‘Economic Botanist, Asheville, North Carolina.

Southeastern Forest Experiment Station - Asheville, North Carolina
-----APPALACHIAN TRAIL (Virginia)
Osmundaceae Flowering Fern Family

Osmunda cinnamomea L.

Cinnamon-fern

(1,3,4,5,6,7,9,10, I1,16,17,19,20)

0. claytoniana L.

Interrupted fern

( 1,6.7,10,11,19,20)

0. regalis var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray

Royal fern

(IO)

Polypodiaceae Fern Family

Adiantum pedatum L.

Maidenhair-fern

(3,4,6,11,13,17,19,20,21)

Asp/enium platyneuron (L.) Oakes

Ebony-spleenwort

(10,12,17)

Athyriumfilix-femina (L.) Roth

Lady-fern

(1,3,4,5,7,9,10,11,12)

Dryopteris noveboracensis (L.) Gray

New York fern

(1,3,5,6,7,9,10,11)

Onoclea sensibilis L.

Sensitive fern

(8,lO)

Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt

Resurrection-fern

(2,3,9,10,13)

P. virginianurn L.

Rock-polypody

(7,14,16,17,20,21)

Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.)

Schott

Christmas fern

(1,2,3,4,5,6,9, IO, 1 I, 12,13,14,15,17,18,

19,20,2 I)

Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn

Bracken fern

(1,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,17,18,20,21)

SPERMATOPHYTA

Gymnospermae

Pinaceae Pine Family

Abiesfiaseri (Pursh) Poir.

Southern fir

(2)

Juniperus virginiana L.

Red cedar

(78)

Picea rubens Sarg.

Red spruce

(2)

Pinus pungens Lamb.

Table-Mountain pine

(1,3,4,6,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,21)

P. rigida Mill.

Pitch-pine

(6,7,11,12,13,17)

P. strobus L.

White pine

(1,2,3,4,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,18,19,21)

P. virginiana Mill.

Scrub-pine

(1,4,7,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,21)

Tsuga canadensis (L.) Cart-.

Hemlock

(1,2,3,4,5,6,9,10,11,14,15,19,20)

Angiospermae

Aceraceae Maple Family

Acer pensylvanicum L.

Striped maple

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,15,19,20,21)

A. rubrum L.

Red maple

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,

17,18,19,21)

A. saccharinum L.

Silver maple

(IO,1 1)

A. saccharum Marsh.

Sugar-maple

(1,2,3,4,5,6,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,19,20)

A. spicatum Lam.

Mountain-maple

(13914)

Anacardiaceae

Rhus L. sp.

Sumac

(6,8,10,12,16,17,19)

Cashew Family

R. copallina L.

Winged-sumac

(138)

R. glabra L.

Smooth sumac

(175)

R. radicans L.

Poison ivy

(1,3,4,7,8,10,14,15,16,21)
Apocynaceae Dogbane Family

Apocynum androsaemlfolium L.

Spreading dogbane

(16,17,19,20,2 I)

Aquifoliaceae

Alex montana T. &G.

Mountain-holly

(20)

I. opaca Ait.

American holly

(1,11)

Holly Family

Araceae Arum Family

Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott

Jack-in-the-pulpit

(1,2,3,5,10,11,19,20)

Araliaceae

Aralia racemosa L.

Spikenard

(6,7,9,11,17,18,2 1)

Ginseng Family

Aristolochiaceae Birthwort Family

Arjstolochia durior Hill

Dutchman’s-pipe

(3,7,16,20,21)

Asarum canadense L.

Wild ginger

(1,2,3,14,16,17,18)

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias exaltata L.

Poke milkweed

(9,10,16,19,21)

A. quadrifolia Jaca.

Milkweed

(20,21)

A. syriaca L.

Common milkweed

(4,6,7,8,9,10,12,16,17)

A. tuberosa L.

Butterfly-weed

(476718)

Milkweed Family

Balsaminaceae Touch-Me-Not Family

bnpatiens capensis Meerb.

Jewelweed

(I ,7,9,-19)

I. pallida Nutt.

Pale jewelweed

(2,7,15,20,2 I)

Berberidaceae Barberry Family

Caulophyllum thulictroides (L.) Michx.

Papoose-root

(3,4,5,6,10, I93

Diphylleicc cymosa Michx.

Umbrella-leaf

(23)

Podophyllum pelttrtum L.

May-apple

(1,2,3,4,5.6.9,10,12,20)

Boraginaceae

Echium vulgare L.

Viper’s bugloss

(1,4,7)

Borage family

Campanulaceae Bluebell Family

Campanula umericanu L.

Tall bellflower

(12)

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family

Diervilla lonicera Mill.

Bush-honeysuckle

(20)

Lonicera juponica Thunb.

Japanese honeysuckle

(4,10,16)

Sambucus canudensis L.

Elderberry

(2,4,6,7,8,9,15,21)

Triosteum perjoliatum L.

Horse-gentian

(21)

Viburnum acerifolium L.

Maple-leaved viburnum

(2,10,13,15,16,17,19,20,21)

V. alnifolium Marsh.

Hobblebush

(2)

Caryophyllaceae

Cerastium viscosum L.

Mouse-ear chickweed

(12,20)

Dianthus barbatus L.

Sweet William

(1,7, IO, 16,17)

Pink Family
Saponuriu 0ficinali.s L.

Bouncing-bet

(7.8)

Silene .stPllutu (L.) Ait. f.

Starry campion

(6,7.9.12,14,15,16)

S. uirginicu L.

Fire-pink

(7,9, IO, I I, 16.17)

Commelinaceae Spiderwort Family

Trudescantiu roseu Vent.

Spiderwort

(20)

T. suhaspera Ker.

Spiderwort

(9,16.17,18,19,21)

Compositae Composite Family

Achilles millefolium L.

Yarrow

(I ,2,3,4,6,7,8, I I, l2,15)

Aster pilosus Willd.

Frost aster

(6)

A. surculosus Michx.

Aster

(14)

Cucaliu atriplicifolia L.

Pale Indian-plantain

(6,7,9,2l)

Carduus L. sp.

Plumeless thistle

(8)

Centuureu muculosu Lam.

Star-thistle

(15,16,17)

Chrysavithemum leucanthemum L.

(Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.)

Ox-eye-daisy

(1,2,4,6,7,8,9,l0,l5,16,17)

Chrysogonum virginiunum L.

Golden-knees

(4)

Cichorium intybus L.

Chicory

(4,6,8,15,16)

Cirsium Mill. sp.

Common thistle

(8)

Coreopsis major Walt.

Tickseed

(1,4,5,6,7,9, IO, 12,13,14,16,17,18,19,20,

21)

Erigeron L. sp.

Fleabane

(839317)

E. annuus (L.) Pers.

Daisy-fleabane

(7,15)

E. strigosus Muhl.

Daisy-fleabane

(7)

Eupatorium L. sp.

Thoroughwort

(12,14)

E.Jistulosum Barratt

Joe-pye-weed

(437)

Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet

Ox-eye

(6)

Hieracium pratense Tausch

King devil

(16)

H. venosum L.

Rattlesnake-weed

(1,4,5,6,7,10,11,16,17,18,21)

Krigia Schreb. sp.

Dwarf dandelion

(1)

K. virginica (L.) Willd.

Dwarf dandelion

(2)

Liatris spicata (L.) Willd.

Blazing-star

(14)

Parthenium integrifolium L.

Wild-quinine

(17718)

Rudbeckia L. sp.

Coneflower

(8313)

R. fulgida Ait.

Coneflower

(15)

Solidago L. SP.

Goldenrod

(7315)

5
S. erectaPursh

Goldenrod

(14)

Taraxacum o&in&e Weber

Dandelion

(4,12)

S. telephioides Michx.

Live-forever

(20)

S. ternatum Michx.

Stonecrop

(IO, 12,16,17)

Convolvulaceae Convolvulus Family

Cuscuta L. sp.

Dodder

(3 96)

C. campestris Yuncker

Dodder

(8)

lpomoea pandurata (L.) G.F.W. Mey.

Wild potato-vine

(498315)

Cornaceae Dogwood Family

Cornus alternifolia L. f.

Pagoda-dogwood

(19,20,21)

C. amomum Mill.

Red willow

(11)

C.florida L.

Flowering dogwood

(1,2,3,4,5,6,8,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,

l&19,21)

Corylaceae Hazel Family

Betula lenta L.

Cherry-birch

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,17,19,20,

21)

B. lutea Michx. f.

(B. alleghaniensis Britt.)

Yellow birch

(1,2,3,5,6,11,16,19,20)

Carpinus caroliniana Walt.

Ironwood

(1)

Corylus cornuta Marsh

Beaked hazelnut

(17)

Crassulaceae Orpine Family

Sedum glaucophyllum R.T. Clausen

Cliff-stonewort

(1214)

Cruciferae

Dentariu L. sp.

Toothwort

(21)

Mustard Family

Diapensiaceae Diapensia Family

Galax aphylla L.

Galax

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16.17,

18,20,21)

Dioscoreaceae Yam Family

Dioscorea villosa L.

Wild yam

(1,3,6,7,9,12,14,16,17,18,19,20,21)

Elaeagnaceae Oleaster Family

Elaeagnus umbellata Thunb.

Oleaster

(11)

Ericaceae Heath Family

Epigaea repens L.

Trailing arbutus

(1,4,6,7,9,10,11,13,14,17,18,21)

Gaultheria procumbens L.

Wintergreen

(1,3.4,5,6,9,11,14,21)

Gaylussacia baccata (Wang.) K. Koch

Black huckleberry

(17)

Kalmia latifolia L.

Mountain-laurel

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,

18,20,21)

Leucothoe racemosa (L.) Gray

Fetter-bush

(677)

Lyonra ligustrina (L.) DC.

Maleberry

(13,14,15)

Menziesia pilosa (Michx.) JUSS.

Minnie-bush

(12,14,16,17,18,19,20,21)

6
Oxydendrum arhoreum (L.) DC.

Sourwood

(1,3,4,5,7,9,10,11,13,14,15,16,17,18,19)

Pieris~oribunda (Pursh) B. & H.

Fetter-bush

(17,18,21)

Rhododendron calendulaceum

(Michx.) Tot-r.

Flame-azalea

(1,5,10,11,17,18,21)

R. catawbiense Michx.

Mountain-rosebay

(2,3,5,6,7,9.14,16,17,18,20,21)

R. maximum L.

Rosebay

(I ,2,3,4,5,6,9,1(I)

R. nudiflorum (L.) Ton-.

(R. periclymenoides (Michx.) Shinn.)

Pinxter-flower

(20)

Vaccinium L. sp.

Blueberry

(1,3,4,5,6,9,12,14,18)

V. constablaei Gray

Blueberry

(2)

V. corymbosum L.

Highbush-blueberry

(334)

V. erythrocarpum Michx.

Bearberry

(739)

V. stamineum L.

Deerberry

(13,14,16,17,18,19,21)

V. vacillans Tom.

Low blueberry

(3,4,7,11,14,15,17,18,19,20,21)

Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family

Euphorbia corollata L.

Flowering spurge

(73839716)

E. cyparissias L.

Cypress spurge

(8)

Fagaceae Beech Family

Castanea dentata (Marsh.) Borkh.

American chestnut

(1,3,4,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,

19,20,2 I)

C. pumilu (L.) Mill.

Chinquapin

(2,7,11,12.15)

Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.

Beech

(1,2,3,6,9,13,15)

Quercus alba L.

White oak

(1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,18,19~

20)

Q. coccinea Muenchh.

Scarlet oak

(1,10,11,16)

Q. ilicifolia Wang.

Bear-oak

(13,14,16,17,18,21)

Q. marilandica Muenchh.

Black jack oak

(13,15,17)

Q. muehlenbergii Engelm.

Yellow oak

(10)

Q. prinus L.

Chestnut oak

(1,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,l3,14,l5,16,17~18~

19,2 I)

Q. rubru L.

Red oak

(2,5,9,10,12,13,14,15,17,18,19,21)

Q. velutina Lam.

Black oak

(1,3,4,6,7,9,10,11,12,14,17,19,20,21)

Geraniaceae Geranium Family

Geranium maculatum L.

Spotted cranesbill

(5,6,7,9,10,15,16,17,18,19,20,21)

Guttiferae St. John%-Wort Family

Hypericum punctatum Lam.

St. John’s_wort

(2)

H. spathulatum (Spach) Steud.

Shrubby St. John’s_wort

(8)

Hamamelidaceae Witch-Hazel Family

Hamamelis virginiana L.

Witch-hazel

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,

17,18,20,2 I)
Hippocastanaceae Buckeye Family

Aesculus octandra Marsh.

Yellow buckeye

(1,2,6,7,8,9,10)

Hydrophyllaceae Waterleaf Family

Hydrophyllum virginianum L.

John’s_cabbage

(6,9, IO, I 1,19,20,21)

Iridaceae Iris Family

Iris L. Sp.

Iris

(1214)

I. cristata Ait.

Crested dwarf iris

(1)

I. verna var. smalliana Fem.

Upland violet iris

(17,18,21)

Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michx.

Blue-eyed grass

(5-10)

Juglandaceae Walnut Family

Carya Nutt. sp.

Hickory

(5,7,9,10,14,17,18,19,20,21)

C. glabra (Mill.) Sweet

Pignut hickory

(5,7,9,10,14,16)

C. ovata (Mill.) K. Koch

Shagbark-hickory

(1,2,3,4,5,6,8,12,13,14,15,19)

C. tomentosa Nutt.

White-heart hickory

(6315)

Juglans nigra L.

Black walnut

(7,8,14,16,2 I)

Labiatae

Monarda clinopodia L.

Horsemint

(6,7,9,16,17,18,19)

M. didyma L.

Bee-balm

(2)

M.jstulosa L.

Wild bergamot

(12,15,16)

Mint Family

Prunella vulgaris L.

Selfheal

(1,2,6,7,8,9,16)

Pycnanthemum Michx. sp.

Mountain-mint

(8)

Scutellaria L. sp.

Skullcap

(5,9,16,18)

S. laterijlora L.

Skullcap

(17)

S. saxatilis Riddell

Skullcap

(1215)

S. serrata Andr.

Skullcap

( 10)

Lauraceae Laurel Family

Lindera benzoin (L.) Blume

Spicebush

(19)

Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees

White sassafras

(1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9,10, I I, 13,14,16,17.18,

19,2 1)

Leguminosae Pulse Family

Baptisia tinctoria (L.) R. Br.

Wild indigo

(1,5,6,7,9, IO, 14,17,18)

Cercis canadensis L.

Redbud

(IO, 14,15)

Lathyrus latifolius L.

Everlasting pea

(458)

Melilotus alba Desr.

White sweet clover

(16717)

M. oficinalis (L.) Lam.

Yellow sweet clover

(17)

Robinia L. sp.

Locust

(1,3,9,10)

R. pseudo-acacia L.

Black locust

(2,4,5,6,7,8,1 I, 12,15,16,17,19,20,21)
Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers.

Rabbit’s_pea

(12,13,14,16,17,18)

Trifolium pratense L.

Red clover

(2,4.8,16)

Liliaceae

Aletris farinosa L.

Colicroot

(5,6,9,10,12)

Lily Family

Amianthium muscaetoxicum (Walt.)

Gray

Fly-poison

(6,7,10,19,21)

Clintonia umbellulata (Michx.) Morong

Speckled wood-lily

(2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,14,19,20)

Convallaria montana Raf.

Lily-of-the-valley

(1,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,13,14,16,17,18,

19,20,2 1)

Disporum lanuginosum (Michx.) Nicholson

Yellow mandarin

(2,5,7,11,12)

Lilium michauxii Poir.

Carolina lily

(3,6,7,9,12,19,20)

L. superbum L.

Turk’scap-lily

(2,6,10,12)

Maianthemum canadense Desf.

False lily-of-the-valley

(1,3,5,6,9,10,11,19)

Medeola virginiana L.

Indian cucumber-root

(1,4,5,9,10,11,16,20)

Polygonatum bt$orum (Walt.) Eli.

Solomon’s-seal

(1,6,9,10,12,14,16,19,20,21)

Smilacina racemosa (L.) Desf.

False Solomon’s-seal

(2,3,6,9,10,12,14,16,17,19,20,21)

Smilax L. sp.

Catbrier

(1,2,4,5,9,10,11,14,15,16)

S. glauca Walt.

Sawbrier

(t&7,12,14)

S. herbacea L.

Greenbrier

(20)

Stenanthium gramineum (Ker) Morong

Featherbells

(7)

Trillium L. sp.

Trillium

(1,2,3,5,7,9,10,12)

T. grandiflorum (Michx.) Salisb.

Large-flowered trillium

(19,20,2 1)

U&aria perfoliata L.

Bellwort

(3,6,10,15,17,19)

Veratrum viride Ait.

False hellebore

(19320)

Xerophyllum asphodeloides (L.) Nutt.

Turkeybeard

(18)

Magnoliaceae Magnolia Family

Liriodendron tulipifera L.

Tulip-poplar

(1,3,4,7,9,10,15,16,19,21)

Magnolia acuminata L.

Cucumber-tree

(3,4,10,11) 13)

M. fraseri Walt.

Ear-leaved umbrella-tree

(1,2,3,4,5,19)

Moraceae

Mot-us rubra L.

Red mulberry

(17)

Mulberry Family

Myricaceae Wax-Myrtle Family

Comptonia peregrina (L.) COUlt.

Sweet-fern

(17318)

Nyssaceae Sour Gum Family

Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.

Black gum

(1,3,4,5,6,9,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,21)

Oleaceae

Fraxinus L. sp.

Ash

( I-4)

Olive Family

9
F. americana L.

White ash

(2,9,10,12,15,20,2 I)

F. caroliniana Mill.

Water-ash

(II)

Onagraceae Evening-Primrose Family

Oenothera biennis L.

Evening-primrose

(778)

0. fruticosa L.

Evening-primrose

(2)

0. tetragona Roth

Sundrops

(16,17,18,19)

Orchidaceae Orchis Family

Cypripedium acaule Ait.

Lady’s_slipper

(5,6,7,9,10,14,15,16,18,19,20,21)

C. calceolus L.

Yellow lady’s_slipper

(b8)

Goodyera pubescens (Willd.) R. Br.

Downy rattlesnake-plantain

(1,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,13,14,15,16,19)

Habenaria ciliaris (L.) R. Br.

Yellow fringed orchis

(9)

H. orbiculata (Pursh) Torr.

Round-leaved orchis

(3,5)

H. psycodes (L.) Spreng.

Small purple fringed orchis

(3,11)

Isotria uerticillata (Willd.) Raf.

Whorled pogonia

(1421)

Orohanchaceae Broom-Rape Family

Conopholis americana (L.) Wallr.

Squawroot

(1.3,4,5,7,9, IO, 11,12,16,18,19,20)

Oxalidaceae

Oxalis L. sp.

Wood-sorrel

(1.2,6, to, 15.19)

Wood-Sorrel Family

0. montana Raf.

Common wood-sorrel

(2)

Papaveraceae Poppy Family

Sanguinaria canadensis L.

Bloodroot

(3,6,7,9,l0,12,19,20,21)

Phytolaccaceae Pokeweed Family

Phytolacca americana L.

Pokeweed

(1,2,3,6,9,10,15)

Platanaceae Plane-Tree Family

Platanus occidentalis L.

Sycamore

(7,8,10,11,13)

Polemoniaceae Polemonium Family

Phlox maculata L.

Wild sweet William

(8 39)

P. ouata L.

Mountain-phlox

(4,9, IO, 12,17)

Polygonaceae Buckwheat family

Polygonum erectum L.

Knotweed

(7)

Rumex L. sp.

Dock

(6)

R. obtusifolius L.

Bitter dock

(7)

Primulaceae Primrose Family

Dodecatheon meadia L.

Shooting-star

(10)

Lysimachia quadrifolia L.

Whorled loosestrife

(1,2,3,4,7,9,10,11,15,17,19,20,21)

Pyrolaceae Wintergreen Family

Chimaphila macuiata (L.) Pursh

Spotted wintergreen

(1,3,4,5,6,10,13,14,15,16,17,18.19)

10
Monotropu hypopithys L.

Pinesap

(9,19)

M. uniflora L.

Indian-pipe

(1,3.4,12,18)

Pyrola rotundifolia var. americana

(Sweet) Fem.

Shinleaf

(3,5,6,17)

Ranunculaceae Crowfoot Family

Actaea pachypoda Eli.

White baneberry

(123)

Aquilegia canadensis L.

Columbine

(16,17,19,20,21)

Cimicfuga racemosa (L.) Nutt.

Black cohosh

(1,3,4,5,6,7,9,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,21)

Clematis viorna L.

Leather-flower

(4,19)

C. virginiana L.

Virgin’s_bower

(8)

Hepatica acutiloba DC.

Liverleaf

(2,ll)

Ranunculus L. sp.

Crowfoot

(2)

Thalictrum L. sp.

Meadow-me

(12,19,21)

T. clavatum DC.

Lady-rue

(2)

T. dioicum L.

Early meadow-rue

(3,476)

Trautvetteria caroliniensis(Wa1t.J Vail

Tassel-rue

(19)

Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family

Ceanothus americanus L.

New Jersey tea

(4,5,6,7,10,16,17,18,19,21)

Rosaceae Rose Family

Agrimonia pubescens Wallr.

Cocklebur

(6)

Amelanchier Medic. sp.

Serviceberry

(5,16,17)

A. arborea (Michx. f.) Fem.

Serviceberry

(1,3,4,12,13,14)

Aruncus dioicus (Walt.) Fem.

Goat’s-beard

(10,12,19,20,21)

Crataegus L. sp.

Hawthorn

(2,6,8,9,10,12)

C.jabellata (Spach) Kirchn.

Hawthorn

(1)

Fragaria virginiana Duchesne

Strawberry

(2,4,6,7,9,10,11>

Geum canadense Jacq.

Avens

(2915)

Gillenia trifoliata (L.) Moench

Indian-physic

(6,7,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,19,20,21)

Potentilla canadensis L.

Five-finger

(6712720)

P. recta L.

Cinquefoil

(10)

P. simplex Michx.

Old-field-cinquefoil

(2)

P. tridentata Ait.

Three-toothed cinquefoil

(2) ,

Prunus L. sp.

Cherry

(17921)

P. pensylvanica L.f.

Pin-cherry

(20)

P. persica (L.) Batsch

Peach

(17)

11
P. serotina Ehrh.

Black-cherry

(4,6,7,8,12,14)

Pyrus americana (Marsh.) DC.

American mountain-ash

(2)

P. malus L.

Apple

(11,12,15)

Rosa Carolina L.

Rose

(6,7,10,12,~4,16,17,18,21)

Rubus L. sp.

Bramble

(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,14,15,17,20,21)

R. odoratus L.

Purple-flowering raspberry

(1,6,7,9,11,19,20)

Spiraea corymbosa Raf.

Dwarf spiraea

(16,17,19)

Rubiaceae Madder Family

Galium latifolium Michx.

d.

Bedstraw

(19)

Houstonia caerulea I

Quaker-ladies

(218)

H. purpurea L.

Bluets

(3,15,16,17,20,21)

Mitchella repens L.

Partridge-berry

(1,4,11,13,14,18,21)

Salicaceae

Populus alba L.

White poplar

(8)

Salix L. sp.

Willow

(11)

S. cinerea L.

Gray willow

(7)

Willow Family

Santalaceae Sandalwood Family

Buckleya distichophylla Torr.

Buckleya

(13)

Pyrularia pubera Michx.

Buffalo-nut

Saxifragaceae Saxifrage Family

Astilbe biternata (Vent.) Britt.

False goatsbeard

(9, IO)

Boykinia aconiti’olia Nutt.

Brook-saxifrage

(334)

Heuchera L. sp.

Alumroot

(536)

H. americana L.

Rock-geranium

(10,14,17,20,2 I)

H. villosa Michx.

Alumroot

(677)

Hydrangea arborescens L.

Wild hydrangea

(1,6,7,9,10,12,14,19,20,21)

Ribes L. sp.

Gooseberry

(20,2 1)

R. glandulosum Grauer

Skunk-currant

(3,7,10,19)

R. rotundifolium Michx.

Smooth gooseberry

(11)

Saxifraga michauxii Britt.

Michaux’s saxifrage

(2,20)

Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family

Gerardiajava L.

Yellow false foxglove

(14,17)

G. laevigata Raf.

False foxglove

(2,14)

Linaria vulgaris Hill

Butter-and-eggs

(10)

Melampyrum lineare Desr.

Cow-wheat

(569)

Pedicularis canadensis L.

Lousewort

(1,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,15,16,17,18,19,

20,2 I)

12
Penstemon canescens Britt.

Beard-tongue

(19,21)

Scrophularia marilandica L.

0. fongistylis (Tort-.) DC.

Anise-root

(2,15)

Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt.

Figwort Meadow-parsnip

(17,18,19) (12,19,20,21)

Verbascum thapsus L Zizia W.D.J. Koch sp.

Mullein Golden alexanders

(15,16,17) (1921)

Tiliaceae

Tilia americana L.

Basswood

(1,5,10,19,20)

Linden Family Urticaceae Nettle Family

Laportea canadensis (L.) Wedd.

Wood-nettle

(1,2,5,6,7,10,15,19,20,21)

Ulmaceae

Celtis occidentalis L.

Hackberry

(10,15)

Utmus alata Michx.

Winged-elm

(6)

U. rubra Muhl.

Slippery elm

(15)

Elm Family Verbenaceae

Verbena hastata L.

Blue vervain

(8)

Umbelliferae Parsley Family

Violaceae

Viola L. sp.

Violet

(3,5,6,10,12)

V. canadensis L.

Canada-violet

(2,20,21)

Angelica L. sp.

Angelica

(920)

Daucus carota L.

Queen Anne’s-lace

(6,7,8,13,15)

Vitaceae Vine Family

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.

Virginia creeper

(1,3,4,7,8,10,12,14,17,20,21)

Vitis L. sp.

Grape

(1,2,3,4,6,7,8,10,13,14,15,18,21)

V. labrusca L.

Fox-grape

(1,9,11,17)

V. rotundifolia Michx.

Muscadine

(12)

Vet-vain Family

Violet Family

Heracleum maximum Bartr.

Cow-parsnip

(19)

Ligusticum canadense (L.) Britt.

Nondo

(2 1)

Osmorhiza claytoni (Michx.)

Clarke

Anise-root

(19,20,2 I)

C. B.

13
REFERENCES

Femald, Merritt Lyndon.

1970. Gray’s manual of botany. 1632 p.

D. Van Nostrand Co., New York.

Radford, Albert E., Harry E. Ahles, and C.

Ritchie Bell.

1968. Manual of the vascular flora of the

Carolinas. 1183 p. Univ. N. C. Press,

Chapel Hill, N. C.

Strausbaugh, P. D., and Earl L. Core.

1978. Flora of West Virginia. 1080 p.

Seneca Books, Inc., Grantsville,

W. Va.

.

14

The Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, is dedicated to the principle of multiple

use management of the Nation’s

forest resources for sustained

yields of wood, water, forage,

wildlife, and recreation. Through

forestry research, cooperation

with the States and private forest

owners, and management of the

National Forests and National

Grasslands, it strives-as directed by Congress-to provide

increasingly greater service to a

growing Nation.

USDA policy does not permit discrimination because of

race, color, national origin. sex or religion. Any person

who believes he or she has been discriminated against in

any USDA-related activity should write immediately to

the Secretary of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20250.