USGS environmental characterization of flood 

sediments left in the New Orleans area after 

Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, 2005—Progress 

Report 

By Geoffrey S. Plumlee, Gregory P. Meeker, John K. Lovelace, Robert J. Rosenbauer, 

Paul J. Lamothe, Edward T. Furlong, and Charles R. Demas 

Open-File Report 2006–1023 

U.S. Department of the Interior 

U.S. Geological Survey 
U.S. Department of the Interior 

Gale A. Norton, Secretary 

U.S. Geological Survey 

P. Patrick Leahy, Acting Director 

U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 2006 

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Suggested citation:


Plumlee, G.S., Meeker, G.P., Lovelace, J.K., Rosenbauer, R., Lamothe, P.J.,


Furlong, E.T., and Demas, C.R., 2006, USGS environmental characterization of


flood sediments left in the New Orleans area after Hurricanes Katrina and Rita,


2005—Progress Report: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2006-1023, 74 p.


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2 
Overview 

The flooding in the greater New Orleans area that resulted from Hurricanes Katrina 

and Rita in September, 2005, left behind accumulations of sediments up to many 

centimeters thick on streets, lawns, parking lots, and other flat surfaces. These flood 

sediment deposits have been the focus of extensive study by the US Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA) and Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) 

due to concerns that the sediments may contain elevated levels of heavy metals, organic 

contaminants, and microbes. Results of the EPA/LDEQ) sampling are presented at 

http://www.epa.gov/katrina/testresults/sediments/index.html#2. 

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is characterizing a limited number of flood 

sediment samples that were collected on September 15-16 and October 6-7, 2005, from 

the greater New Orleans area by personnel from the USGS Louisiana Water Science 

Center in Baton Rouge. Small samples (< 3 pints each) of wet to dry flood sediment were 

collected from 11 localities around downtown New Orleans on September 15, 2005, and 

two large samples (40 pints each) of wet flood sediment were collected from the 

Chalmette area on September 16. Twelve additional samples (8-10 pints each) were 

collected from New Orleans, Slidell, Rigolets, and Violet (near St. Bernard High School) 

on October 6 and 7. Sample locations are shown in figure 1 and described in table 1. 

A wide variety of physical, inorganic, organic, and microbial characterization 

methods are being applied to the samples (table 2), with appropriate splits of the samples 

sent to USGS analytical facilities in Denver, Colorado, Reston, Virginia, St. Petersburg, 

Florida, Columbia, Missouri, and Menlo Park, California. Additional characterization 

studies are being performed on splits of the same samples by collaborators at the 

Colorado School of Mines (Golden, Colorado), EPA National Enforcement 

Investigations Center (Denver), University of California –Davis, and SUNY Stony 

Brook, New York. Figures are presented after the main text of the document. Sampling 

methods are described in Appendix A following the figures. Tables listing locations, 

types of analyses, and analytical results available to date are included at the end of this 

document. 

The USGS characterization studies of these flood sediments are designed to produce 

data and interpretations regarding how the sediments and any contained contaminants 

may respond to environmental processes. This information will be of use to cleanup 

managers and DoI/USGS scientists assessing environmental impacts of the hurricanes 

and subsequent cleanup activities. The USGS flood sediment studies focus on: 

• The extent to which and the forms in which a wide variety of potential organic and 

heavy metal contaminants occur in the sediments, 

• Mechanisms by which any contaminants present may be released into the 

environment (either in place or from disposal areas), 

• Whether or not the contaminants may be available for uptake by aquatic and 

terrestrial organisms, and 

• How microbial communities may be influenced by chemical and physical properties 

of the sediments. 

The USGS flood sediment study is also addressing several other objectives: 

• The flood sediment study is being coordinated with another USGS study examining 

3
suspended and bottom sediments in Lake Pontchartrain produced by flood waters 

pumped from New Orleans (study coordinated by Pete VanMetre, 

pvanmetre@usgs.gov). The flood sediment characterization results will assist in the 

discrimination of sediments deposited in Lake Pontchartrain by the floodwater 

pumping from sediments present prior to pumping. 

• USGS flood sediment study results are being used to help calibrate measurements 

made by an AVIRIS (Airborne Visible and Infra-Red Imaging Spectrometer) remote 

sensing flight that was flown by NASA over New Orleans early in September, 2005. 

• The study results will also be used to test and assist in development of techniques to 

remotely identify and map organic contaminants in sediments using reflectance 

spectroscopy and AVIRIS remote sensing. 

This study is not intended to provide a detailed hazardous materials-focused 

assessment of contaminants present in the sediments from throughout the New Orleans 

area; such an assessment is the appropriate role of EPA and State environmental agencies 

and not the USGS. A summary of key findings is presented in the following section. 

Key Findings 

The Chalmette area samples are composed largely of marine mud, whereas the 

downtown New Orleans samples analyzed to date have greater proportions of plant 

matter, sand, small gravel, and anthropogenic debris 

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction studies (tables 3a-3c) 

indicate the Chalmette samples are composed primarily of marine muds, with very finegrained (<20 micron) particles of quartz, clays, feldspars, silica tests (skeletons) of 

marine plankton, and pyrite (iron disulfide) (figs. 2 and 3). The pyrite is often framboidal, 

with raspberry-shaped clusters of <1 micron pyrite crystals (Figure 3). The Chalmette 

samples that were collected wet had a consistency similar to cake frosting. However, the 

mud dries to a very hard material that takes considerable effort to break apart. 

Downtown New Orleans samples analyzed to date contain some mud with clays, 

silica tests, and calcium carbonate (fig. 4). However, they also contain more sand- to fine 

gravel-sized particles than the Chalmette samples. In addition, the downtown New 

Orleans samples have more abundant particles of urban construction and commercial 

materials such as soda lime glass, glass fibers, concrete, nails, and glass jewelry beads. 

The downtown samples, when dried, tend to occur in large 50-100 micron clumps of 

smaller particles less than 10-20 microns (fig. 4). 

There are generally low concentrations of heavy metals in the Chalmette sediments, 

but there are elevated concentrations of some metals in a number of the downtown 

New Orleans flood sediment samples. 

Results of the USGS inorganic chemical analyses (table 4) performed to date indicate 

that the Chalmette 1 and 2 sediments have concentrations of heavy metals (lead, arsenic, 

chromium, cadmium, mercury, zinc, arsenic) that are somewhat elevated compared to 

concentrations in average US soils, but are low compared to concentrations of concern in 

commonly cited soil quality criteria (such as Netherlands soil quality criteria, 1997). 

In contrast, the downtown New Orleans samples typically have substantially higher 

4
levels of metals such as lead, zinc, mercury, copper, arsenic, and cadmium than the 

Chalmette samples. For many of these elements, concentrations at some sites can exceed 

the Netherlands and LDEQ soil quality criteria. Lead concentrations, for example, range 

from 95 to 2160 parts per million (ppm) in the downtown samples, with most having 

levels above 500 ppm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of samples from 

downtown New Orleans have identified relatively common microscopic (generally less 

than 10-20 micron) zinc-sulfate-carbonate, lead-phosphate-chlorine-rich, and metallic 

lead or lead-oxide particles (fig. 5). 

Metal enrichments in the downtown New Orleans flood sediments may result in large 

part from incorporation of pre-Katrina urban soils 

A map of lead variations measured in this study in the Katrina sediments is compared 

in figure 6 to a map of lead concentrations in New Orleans urban soils determined in the 

1990’s by Mielke (1999) and Mielke and others (2004). The similarities in spatial 

patterns of lead enrichments between the Katrina sediment samples and the urban New 

Orleans soil samples suggest that the Katrina flood sediments in the downtown New 

Orleans area may be composed, at least in part, of reworked local soil material having 

previously elevated metal concentrations. A comparison of the chemical, mineralogical, 

and lead isotopic composition of the flood sediments with archived soil samples collected 

for the Mielke studies would help assess the validity of this hypothesis. 

The USGS analytical results typically are higher in many metals than EPA results for 

nearby samples, which is most likely due primarily to differences in the methods by 

which the samples were digested prior to chemical analysis 

For most flood sediment samples, the USGS bulk chemical analyses yield higher 

concentrations of many elements and metals than EPA results for samples collected 

nearby; this is particularly true for major silicate-forming elements such as aluminum and 

silicon, but is also commonly the case with metals such as lead. While these differences 

may in part be due to local spatial variability in the composition of the flood sediments, 

they likely are due in large part to differences between the USGS and EPA methods used 

to digest the samples prior to chemical analysis. The USGS method uses a mix of four 

acids, including HF to break apart silicate minerals. Although the digestion method is not 

specified on the EPA web site, it most likely is EPA Method 3020, which only uses an 

aqua regia (two acid) leach that typically does not fully dissolve some aluminosilicate or 

resistate minerals. Therefore, the elements tied up in these minerals would not contribute 

to the resulting chemical analyses. 

Chemical leach tests using simulated gastric fluids as the leaching fluid indicate that 

some of the heavy metals contained within the downtown New Orleans flood sediment 

samples can be quite bioacccessible 

Simulated gastric-fluid leach tests (table 5, fig. 7) of the downtown New Orleans 

samples generally leached relatively high proportions of lead, zinc, cobalt, cadmium, 

manganese, and arsenic from the solids, indicating that these metals could potentially be 

bioaccessible if the flood sediments were ingested. These results can be used to help 

identify metals that might appropriately be evaluated as part of biomonitoring studies of 

emergency responders, cleanup workers, and residents (especially small children) who 

5
have reoccupied areas near downtown New Orleans where flood sediments remain or 

where pre-existing metal rich soils are exposed. 

Simulated rain water and landfill water leach tests did not extract high levels of metals 

from the wet Chalmette sediments 

These leach tests (table 6) have so far been performed on wet sediment samples as 

received from the field. These tests are designed to evaluate release of metals from the 

sediments into simulated rain water (USGS test modified from EPA method 1312), 

simulated landfill leachate (EPA method 1311, performed by the EPA National 

Enforcement Investigations Center; and USGS method modified from EPA 1311), and 

simulated brackish water (USGS modification of EPA 1312 with simulated dilute sea 

water as the leaching fluid). These tests on the two Chalmette samples indicate that very 

low levels of metals would be leached from the samples when wet. Tests are under way 

to evaluate if metal release is greater from samples that have been dried completely, and 

from samples of the downtown New Orleans flood sediments. 

Preliminary organic analysis of the Chalmette samples indicates signatures that are 

largely typical of sediment from the Mississippi River delta 

Organic analyses to date (tables 7-9) indicate that the organic constituents of the 

Chalmette samples are dominated by biogenic (produced by living, non-human organisms) 

rather than anthropogenic (human-produced) or petrogenic (petroleum-derived) 

components. Some specific biogenic constituents are: suites of n-alkanes sourced from 

algae and land-based plant waxes, immature hopenes, the polycyclic aromatic 

hydrocarbon (PAH) perylene, and plant derived sterols. 

There are some markers for anthropogenic input, at much lower levels than the above, 

such as combustion PAHs, pervasive in the environment from the burning of fossil fuel. 

Also, some indications of sewage-related contamination are present (coprostanol, 

epicoprostanol), as are indications of slight contamination by oil-related compounds (low 

levels of oil-related hopanes and steranes). Some heavy (4-, 5-, 6-ring) PAHs having a 

elevated carcinogenic potential are present in the Chalmette samples but are relatively low 

and within the recommended sediment quality criteria proposed by the Washington 

Department of Ecology, except for benzo[a]pyrene, which although low, exceeds the 

standard. The PAH levels of the Chalmette samples are well below levels found by 

Mielke and others (2004) in pre-Katrina urban New Orleans soil samples. 

Analyses for pesticides and pharmaceuticals are pending from other USGS 

laboratories for the Slidell, Violet, Chalmette, and downtown New Orleans samples. 

High iron sulfide contents indicate the Chalmette flood sediments may generate acid 

drainage when left in contact with rainfall and atmospheric oxygen 

USGS studies to date indicate that the Chalmette-area flood sediments contain quite 

elevated levels of pyrite (iron disulfide) and, prior to drying, elevated levels of acidvolatile sulfides (iron monosulfides) (Table 10). Sample Chalmette 1 contains as much as 

4 % by weight pyrite, and Chalmette 2 contains up to 1 % by weight pyrite (table 3a). 

These abundances are common features of natural mud from marine marshes, and result 

from bacteria-driven reduction of seawater sulfate in the marsh mud, coupled with the 

6
reaction of the resulting aqueous sulfide with iron and other metals in the muds. This is 

consistent with the flood sediments having been transported into the Chalmette area from 

marshes to the east-northeast. Chalmette 1 contains little if any carbonate minerals, and 

Chalmette 2 only contains very small amounts of carbonate minerals. Both Chalmette 

samples also have abundant salt (sodium chloride) due to the evaporation of brackish 

water. 

The abundance of pyrite and acid-volatile sulfide in the Chalmette samples indicates 

that, as the flood sediments continue to weather by reacting with rainwater and 

atmospheric oxygen, there is a strong potential for acidic pore waters and runoff waters to 

form. Such waters would likely have elevated concentrations of acid and sulfate (in the 

form of moderately concentrated sulfuric acid), along with iron, aluminum, and other 

metals leached from the sediment by the acid. These are common chemical processes that 

occur as pyrite-rich rocks weather to produce “acid-rock drainage” or ARD. The lack of 

carbonate minerals in the Chalmette 1 sediments also means that the sediments have very 

little capacity to self-neutralize the acid generated by sulfide oxidation. 

Net acid production tests (table 11), similar to those originally developed to test 

whether sulfide-bearing mine waste piles would develop ARD, indicate that sample 

Chalmette 1 is very acid generating, and sample Chalmette 2 is slightly acid generating 

In contrast, the limited number of samples analyzed to date from the downtown New 

Orleans area do not appear to contain pyrite or acid-volatile sulfides, but do contain some 

calcium carbonate minerals. 

These results indicate that the progressive chemical weathering of pyrite-rich 

Chalmette-area flood sediments, if either left in place or removed to an on-land storage 

facility exposed to rainfall and the atmosphere, may start to generate acidic solutions. The 

acid drainage could be somewhat corrosive to concrete and metals with which the 

sediments are in contact, and may be detrimental to vegetation and aquatic life affected 

by the drainage. In contrast to the Chalmette sediments, the downtown New Orleans 

sediments analyzed to date do not appear to pose a similar potential for generation of acid 

drainage. Further mineralogical characterization and acid-base accounting tests are underway 

on a broader number of samples from the greater New Orleans area to define the distribution 

of elevated iron sulfide levels in the sediment. 

The potential for the Chalmette area samples to be acid-generating is most likely only 

a concern if the sediments are removed to an on-land disposal facility where they will be 

exposed to rainfall and the atmosphere. Sediments containing high levels of iron sulfides 

and low levels of carbonate minerals might best be considered as candidates for disposal 

into water-covered disposal areas or disposal facilities isolated from the atmosphere and 

rainfall. 

Other results are pending 

Results of additional chemical leach tests, microbial characterization studies, and organic 

contaminant analyses are currently pending. 

USGS Contacts 

Progress report: Geoff Plumlee, gplumlee@usgs.gov 

SEM studies: Greg Meeker, gmeeker@usgs.gov 

7 
XRD studies: George Breit, gbreit@usgs.gov; Steve Sutley, ssutley@usgs.gov 

Inorganic chemical analyses: Paul Lamothe, plamothe@usgs.gov 

Chemical leach tests: Phil Hageman, phageman@usgs.gov; Geoff Plumlee, 

gplumlee@usgs.gov 

Organic chemical analyses: Ed Furlong, efurlong@usgs.gov, Bob Rosenbauer, 

brosenbauer@usgs.gov, Carl Orazio, corazio@usgs.gov 

Additional contacts will be listed as other analytical results are completed. 

Other contributors 

Monique Adams, Murray Beasley, Mark Burkhardt, Zoe Ann Brown, Roger Clark, Jim 

Crock, Bob Eganhouse, Bill Foreman, Dale Griffin, Tammy Hannah, Todd Hoefen, 

JoAnn Holloway, Chris Ingersoll, Eric Livo, Elena Nielsen, Jim Ranville, Rick 

Sanzolone, Gregg Swayze, Joe Taggart, Dave Walters, Steve Werner, Tom Wildeman 

References Cited 

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Chemistry, v. 84, p. 379-388. 

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filamentous fungi in plant litter, in Hurst, C.J., Crawford, R.L., Knudson, G., 

McInerney, M., Stetzenbach, L.D., eds., Manual of Environmental Microbiology, 2nd 

ed.: ASM Press, Washington, DC. P. 390-408. 

Jeng, W.L., Huh, C.A., 2004, Lipids in suspended matter and sediments from the East 

China Sea Shelf: Organic Geochemistry, v. 35, p.647-660. 

Jeng, W.L., Huh, C.A., 2001, Comparative study of sterols in shelf and slope sediments 

off northeastern Taiwan: Applied Geochemistry, v. 16, 95-108. 

LDEQ, 2003, Risk Evaluation/Corrective Action Program (RECAP) Table 1, Screening 

option – Screening standards for soil and groundwater: 

http://www.deq.louisiana.gov/portal/Portals/0/technology/recap/2003/RECAP%2020 

03%20Text%20Table%201.pdf 

Lapakko, K.A., and Lawrence, R.W., 1993, Modification of the net-acid production 

(NAP) test, in Proceedings, British Columbia Mine Reclamation Symposium, Port 

Hardy, B.C., May 4-7, 1993, p. 145-159. 

Lindsay, W.L., 1979, Chemical equilibria in soils: John Wiley and Sons, New York, 449 p. 

Matsumoto, K., Yamada, K., and Ishiwatari. R., 2001, Sources of 24-methylcholest-5-en3b-ol in Japan Sea sediments over the past 30,000 years inferred from its carbon 

isotopic composition: Org. Geochem., v. 32, p. 259-269. 

8 
Mielke, H.W., 1999, Lead in the inner cities: American Scientist, v. 87, p. 62-73. 

Mielke, H.W., Wang, G., Gonzales, C.R., Powell, E.T., Le, B., and Quach, V.N., 2004, 

PAHs and metals in the soils of inner-city and suburban New Orleans, Louisiana, 

USA: Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology, v. 18, p. 243-247. 

Neff, J.M., 1979, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the aquatic environment: sources, 

fates, and biological effects: Appl. Sci., London, UK, 262 p. 

Netherlands, 1997, Circular on target values and intervention values for soil remediation, 

Annexes A-D. Netherlands Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and the 

Environment. http://international.vrom.nl/Docs/internationaal/annexS_I2000.pdf 

Rugen, P.J., Stern, C.D., and Lamm, S.H., 1989, Comparative carcinogenicity of the 

PAHs as a basis for acceptable exposure levels (AELs) in drinking water: Regul 

Toxicol Pharmacol., v. 9, p. 273-283. 

Shacklette, H.T., and Boerngen, J.G., 1984, Element concentrations in soils and other 

surficial materials of the conterminous United States: U.S. Geological Survey 

Professional Paper 1270, 105 pp. 

USPHS, 1990, Toxicological profile for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: U.S. 

Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic 

Substances and Disease Registry, 231 p. 

Washington State Dept. of Ecology, 2005, Sediment Quality Chemical Criteria: Toxics 

Cleanup Program, Sediment Management Unit, P.O. Box 47703, Olympia, WA 

98504 

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Figure 1. Locations of samples (blue circles) being analyzed to date in the USGS study, 

superimposed on a DigitalGlobe satellite image of the area from August 31, 2005. 

10
Figure 2. Backscattered electron micrograph of Chalmette composite sample 1. Image shows examples 

of mineral material (light gray) and unidentified organic material (darker gray). Typical mineral phases 

are labeled in the image. Q = quartz, FS = feldspar, CL = clay, PY = pyrite, ST = siliceous tests 

(skeletons) from microorganisms such as diatoms. Scale bar is 100 microns long. 

Figure 3. Backscattered electron micrograph showing an example of a pyrite framboid from sample 

Chalmette 1 with individual crystals < 1 mm in diameter (scale bar is 5 microns long). 

11 
Figure 4. Typical aggregate grain of downtown New Orleans sub-sample NO7-B showing examples of 

primary components. CL = clay; Q = quartz; FS = feldspar; CC = calcium carbonate; ST = silica test; 

ZS = Zn-S-rich; IO = iron oxide. Scale bar is 50 microns long. 

12
Figure 5. Backscattered electron image of lead-phosphorus-chlorine-rich particles (white) surrounded 

by clays and organic matter, from sample NO-7C. Scale bar is 2 microns long. 

13
Figure 6. Map of lead concentrations measured by the USGS to date in New Orleans flood sediment 

samples (upper), compared to a gridded and digitally smoothed map of lead concentrations 

determined by Mielke and others (1999) for urban New Orleans soil samples collected in the 

1990’s. 

14 
15 

Figure 7. Plots of bulk metal concentrations (blue bars) compared to concentrations leached by simulated gastric fluids (red bars) in Katrina 

flood sediments. Note that scales of the concentration (y) axes vary between the plots for the different elements. 
16 

Figure 7, cont’d. Plots of bulk metal concentrations (blue bars) compared to concentrations leached by simulated gastric fluids (red bars) in 

Katrina flood sediments. Note that scales of the concentration (y) axes vary between the plots for the different elements. 
Appendix A – Sediment sampling protocols. 

Contacts: John Lovelace, jlovelace@usgs.gov; Charlie Demas, cdemas@usgs.gov; 

Kathleen S. Smith (composite field sampling protocols), ksmith@usgs.gov 

The flood sediments at eleven sites around downtown New Orleans (samples NO1­

11, fig. 1, table 1) were sampled on September 15, 2005, by John Lovelace and Mike 

Ross (USGS Louisiana Water Science Center). At each locality, subsamples were 

collected from 3 separate locations up to 30 meters apart, with the location of the central 

point for each locality determined using a GPS unit. Each subsample was collected using 

a Teflon® scoop and placed into a new pint-sized polyethylene food-grade container. At 

most localities sampled, there was a mix of dry and wet subsamples. The samples from 

each locality were stored on ice in a cooler and then later transferred to a refrigerator for 

storage at 4°C until shipment on ice to USGS labs in Denver. 

Flood sediment samples were collected from two localities in the Chalmette area 

(Chalmette 1 and 2, fig. 1) on September 16, 2005. Forty subsamples were collected at 

each locality using Teflon® scoops, and each subsample was placed into a new pint-size 

polyethylene food-grade container. The subsamples were typically collected at 1-meter 

intervals along each of 4 transects extending radially from a street intersection. A GPS 

was used to determine the latitude and longitude of the center point and the end points of 

each transect. This sampling approach was originally developed for the sampling of 

highly variable mine-waste piles, so as to provide a statistically meaningful 

representation of a much larger area with great internal variability. The flood sediments 

at Chalmette 1 were still predominantly wet with only the top surface being dry. The 

flood sediments at Chalmette 2 were also moist to wet, but with a somewhat greater 

proportion of dry material than at Chalmette 1. The samples from each locality were 

stored on ice in a cooler and then later transferred to a refrigerator for storage at 4°C until 

shipment on ice to USGS labs in Denver. 

Flood sediment samples were collected from the Slidell, Rigolets, northern and 

northeastern New Orleans, Ninth Ward, Chalmette, and St. Bernard High School areas on 

October 6 and 7, 2005. Forty subsamples were collected at each locality, at spatially 

regular intervals along each of 4 transects. In contrast to the previous two sampling 

efforts, these samples were composited as they were collected. One composite was 

collected from each locality using a Teflon scoop into a 4-liter polyethylene wide mouth 

jar. Another composite was collected at each locality using a clean stainless steel spoon 

into a 1-liter brown glass jar. The samples from each locality were stored on ice in a 

cooler and then later transferred to a refrigerator for storage at 4°C until shipment on ice 

to USGS labs in Denver. 

17
Table 1. Locations of samples analyzed in the USGS Katrina flood sediment characterization study. Contact for sampling: John 

Lovelace (jlovelace@usgs.gov). 

sample Date collected Lat Long Site description 

Chalmette 1 9/16/05 29.94563889 89.95975 Intersection of St. Jean Baptiste and Tourneforte St., Chalmette 

Chalmette 1 10/6/05 29.94563889 89.95975 Intersection of St. Jean Baptiste and Tourneforte St., Chalmette 

Chalmette 2 9/16/05 29.96266667 90.00047222 1600 Block of Ayock St., Arabi, LA 

Chalmette 3 10/6/05 29.96138889 89.95472222 Paris Road 

Chalmette 4 10/6/05 29.92833333 89.925 NP Trist Middle School 

Chalmette 5 10/7/05 29.93805556 89.94361111 Ventura Drive and Judge Perez 

NO1 9/15/05 29.9532778 90.082278 New Orleans, Poydras Ave. at Superdome 

NO2 9/15/05 29.95247222 90.07263889 New Orleans, Barrone & Gravier Sts. 

NO3 9/15/05 29.9555 90.0775 New Orleans, Tulane & Lasalle @ Tulane Med Center 

NO4 9/15/05 29.95577778 90.07338889 New Orleans, Canal & Basin Sts. 

NO5 9/15/05 29.96388889 90.07069444 New Orleans, N. Villere & St. Anne Sts. 

NO6 9/15/05 29.96886111 90.06758333 New Orleans, Esplanade & N. Robertson 

NO7 9/15/05 29.97130556 90.06030556 New Orleans, Pauger & N. Villere 

NO8 9/15/05 29.96772222 90.06569444 New Orleans, Esplanade & Marais 

NO9 9/15/05 29.96838889 90.06266667 New Orleans, Annette, St. Claude, & St. Bernard 

NO10 9/15/05 29.94794444 90.07586111 New Orleans, Rampart & Girod 

NO11 9/15/05 29.95252778 90.07886111 New Orleans, Freret & Perdido 

Lakeside 1 10/7/05 30.01944444 90.11972222 Kenison & North Hammond Highway 

Lakeside 2 10/7/05 30.01805556 90.10194444 Robert E Lee Blvd and Marshall Foch 

N.O. East 1 10/7/05 30.03277778 90.025 8006 W. Laverne 

Violet 1 10/7/05 29.87388889 89.87444444 St. Bernard High School 

Ninth Ward 1 10/7/05 29.96 90.01083333 Tupelo and St Claude Ave. 

Slidell1 10/6/05 30.25305556 89.79138889 3805 Highway 11 

Slidell2 10/6/05 30.22944444 89.85166667 Carr Drive 

Rigolets1 10/6/05 30.11277778 89.76111111 Highway 90 

18
Table 2. Types of analyses used to characterize Katrina flood sediments. GD - USGS Geologic 

Discipline, BRD - USGS Biological Reesources Discipline; WRD - USGS Water Resources 

Discipline 

Analysis type Lab Contact 

Inorganic chemistry, 42 element, 4-acid 

digestion, ICP-MS 

Denver GD Paul Lamothe, 

plamothe@usgs.gov 

XRF major, trace element chemistry Denver GD Joe Taggart, 

jtaggart@usgs.gov 

Total Hg, Methyl Hg Denver GD Jim Crock, jcrock@usgs.gov 

Grain size analysis Menlo GD Mike Torresan, 

mtorresan@usgs.gov 

X-ray diffraction mineralogy Denver GD Steve Sutley, 

ssutley@usgs.gov 

Scanning electron microscope 

mineralogy, quantitative electron probe 

microanalysis 

Denver GD Greg Meeker, 

gmeeker@usgs.gov 

Gamma spectrometry screening for 

radionuclides (U, Ra, Pb210, etc.) 

Denver GD Jim Budahn, 

jbudahn@usgs.gov 

Field-flow fractionation -Element 

distributions over fine-sil/colloid size 

continuum for wet and dry sediments 

Denver GD Lopaka Lee, rclee@usgs.gov 

Reflectance spectroscopy Denver GD Roger Clark, 

rclark@usgs.gov. Gregg 

Swayze, gswayze@usgs.gov. 

4-step sequential extraction ** Denver GD Rick Sanzolone, 

rsanzolo@usgs.gov 

Forms of sulfur Denver GD Michelle Tuttle, 

mtuttle@usgs.gov 

Carbonate and organic carbon Denver GD Zoe Ann Brown, 

zbrown@usgs.gov 

EPA SPLP (1312) metals leach** Denver GD Phil Hageman, 

phageman@usgs.gov 

USGS Field leach test for metals** Denver GD Phil Hageman, 

phageman@usgs.gov 

Synthetic 6 ppt sea water leach** Denver GD Phil Hageman, 

phageman@usgs.gov 

Field TCLP/EPA TCLP verification** Colo. School of Mines; EPA NEIC Jim Ranville, 

jranvill@mines.edu, Tom 

Wildeman, 

twildema@mines.edu 

ELISA screening for carcinogenic PAH's, 

DDT/DDE, and PCB 

Denver GD LaDonna Choate, 

lchoate@usgs.gov 

Simulated gastric fluid leach** Denver GD Geoff Plumlee, 

gplumlee@usgs.gov 

Simulated lung fluid leach** Denver GD Geoff Plumlee, 

gplumlee@usgs.gov 

Forms of cyanide using alkaline leach Denver GD Craig Johnson, 

cjohnso@usgs.gov 

PCR DNA molecular microbial screening 

for specific pathogens, common 

microbes 

St. Petersburg GD Dale Griffin, 

dgriffin@usgs.gov 

19
Table 2. Types of analyses used to characterize Katrina flood sediments. GD - USGS Geologic 

Discipline, BRD - USGS Biological Reesources Discipline; WRD - USGS Water Resources 

Discipline 

Analysis type Lab Contact 

PLFA microbial analysis for microbial 

communities 

GD Denver, UC Davis JoAnn Holloway, 

jholloway@usgs.gov 

L28-d whole-sediment toxicity tests, 

amphipood Hyalella azteca 

Columbia BRD Chris Ingersoll, 

cingersoll@usgs.gov 

PAH's, polychlorinated biphenyls 

(congener-specific, 80+congeners), 

volatile aromatic hydrocarbons, natural 

biomarkers (hydrocarbons, fatty 

alcohols, hydroxy acids, sterls), 

molecular markers of municipal waste 

(fecal sterols, long-chain alkylbenzenes, 

vitamin E acetate), CHN analysis, 

qualitative analysis of complex organic 

chemical mixtures (GCxGC/ToFMS) 

WRD Reston Bob Eganhouse, 

eganhous@usgs.gov 

Crude oil, petroleum products, PAH's, 

sterols (eg coprostanol), current use and 

legacy ag /urban contaminants 

(organophosphates, carbamates, 

triazines, chloracetanilides, DDT) 

GD Menlo Park Bob Rosenbauer, 

brosenbauer@usgs.gov 

Dioxins/furans, PBDE's, PCB's and 

chlorinated pesticides, semivolatile 

organic "unknowns" 

BRD Columbia Cari Orazio, 

corazio@usgs.gov 

WRD Schedule 2501-OC (insecticides), 

WRD Schedule 2502 - Semivolatiles, 

WRD LC8045 PCB Congeners, 

wastewater compounds (schedule 

1433), PAH and Alkyl PAH, musks and 

fragrances, human health 

pharmaceuticals, antibiotics. As 

appropriate, some organic analyses will 

be run on leachates. 

WRD National Water Quality 

Laboratory (NWQL) 

Ed Furlong, 

efurlong@usgs.gov 

Organics on TCLP leach WRD NWQL Ed Furlong, 

efurlong@usgs.gov 

Reactive oxygen species generation, cell 

line toxicity testing 

State University of New York Stony 

Brook 

Martin Schoonen, 

schoonen@stonybrook.edu 

**Leachates will be analyzed for pH, specific conductance, anions, major cations, and trace elements by 

ICP-MS; Hg (as appropriate) by flow injection-cold vapor-atomic fluorescence spectrometry, As and Se (as 

appropriate) by hydride generation. If needed, some leachates will be analyzed for organic species of 

interest by appropriate methods. 

20
Table 3a. Analytical results for quantitative X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) . Analyst - George Breit 

(gbreit@usgs.gov). nd -Not detected. Analyses performed on Siemens D500 Kristalloflex, using Ni 

filtered, Cu Ka radiation scanning from 4 to 64 degrees 2q, 0.02 degrees per step and 3 second count 

time pre step. 

Chalmette 1 Chalmette 2 NO-7A NO-7B 

Comment sample freeze-dried 

from wet 

sample freezedried from wet sample freeze-dried 

from wet 

sample dry when 

collected 

wt. % wt. % wt. % wt. % 

Quartz 16 24 80 16

Pyrite 4 1 ND ND

Halite 2 1 <0.5 <0.5

Hematite ND 0.4 2 2

Gypsum ND ND 0.6 ND

Ferroan(?) dolomite ND ND ND 5

Potassium feldspar ND ND <0.2? 2

Plagioclase feldspar detected detected detected ND

Illite + chlorite detected detected detected ND?

Non-crystalline 

material (silica 

remnants and organic 

matter 

detected detected detected detected

21
Table 3b. Analytical results for qualitative XRD. Major > 25%; Minor 5-25%; Trace 1-5%; ? - Possibly present; ND= not detected. Analyst - Stephen J Sutley, ssutley@usgs.gov. 

Chalmette 

1 

Chalmette 

2 NO-1 NO-2 NO-3 NO-4 NO-5 NO-6 NO-7A NO-7BC NO-8 BC NO-9 NO-10 NO-11 AB NO11c 

Quartz Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major Major 

Calcite ND ND Minor Minor Trace Trace Minor Trace Trace Minor Trace Minor Trace Minor Minor 

Albite Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace 

Ankerite ND ND ND ND ND ND Trace ND ND ND ? ? ND ND ND 

Dolomite ND ND ND ND ND ND ? ND ND ND Trace Trace ND ND ND 

Orthoclase Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace ND Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace 

Muscovite Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace Trace 

Kaolinite Trace Trace ? ? ND ? ? ? ND ? ? ND ? ? ? 

Halite Trace Trace ? ND ND ND Trace ND Trace Trace ND ND ND ? Minor 

Pyrite Trace Trace ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 

Montmorillonite Minor Minor ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 

Hematite ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ? ? ND ND ? ND ND 

Gypsum ND ND ND ND ND ND ? ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 

22
Table 3c. Analytical results for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) / Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of Katrina flood 

sediments. Analysts - Greg Meeker (gmeeker@usgs.gov), Isabelle Brownfield. 

Comment Size distribution Mineralogy Other microscopic materials, including plant 

matter and commercial or man-made 

materials 

Chalmette 1 sample freezedried from wet 

All particles less 

than ~20 microns; 

most are less than 5-

10 microns 

Quartz; clays (including illites, smectites, 

possible chlorites); ailica with varying amounts 

of aluminum (may be biogenic or with clay); 

ailica diatom tests; feldspars, including 

potassium- and sodium-rich; relatively abundant 

pyrite (mostly framboidal); 

Pollen grains (rare); glass fibers (rare) 

Chalmette 2 sample freezedried from wet 

All particles less 

than ~20 microns; 

most are less than 5-

10 microns 

Quartz; clays (including illites, smectites, 

possible chlorites); silica with varying amounts 

of aluminum (may be biogenic or with clay); 

silica diatom tests; feldspars, including 

potassium- and sodium-rich; minor pyrite (few 

framboids, more micron-sized single crystals 

which could be disaggregated from framboids) 

NO-3 Quartz; feldspars, including potassium- and 

sodium-rich; calcite; clays (including illites, 

smectites, possible chlorites); titanium oxides. 

Carbon (plant material?) 

NO-5 Sample air 

dried 

Most particles <5 

microns unless an 

aggregate grain 

Quartz; clays (kaolinites, illites, smectites); 

apatite (calcium phosphate); silica with varying 

amounts of aluminum (may be biogenic or with 

kaolinite clay); silica diatom tests; feldspars, 

including potassium- and sodium-rich; calcium 

carbonates; silica, aluminum, magnesium, iron 

compounds. Heavy metal compounds include: 

metallic lead; Zn-S-C particles (zinc sulfatecarbonate?); barite; iron oxides; and 

phosphates. Many of the heavy metals occur in 

particles less than <0.5 microns in size. 

some slag wool, silica diatoms, 

23
Table 3c. Analytical results for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) / Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of Katrina flood 

sediments. Analysts - Greg Meeker (gmeeker@usgs.gov), Isabelle Brownfield. 

Comment Size distribution Mineralogy Other microscopic materials, including plant 

matter and commercial or man-made 

materials 

NO-7A sample freezedried from wet 

Most particles <5 

microns unless an 

agregrate grain 

Quartz; clays (kaolinites, illites, smectites); 

apatite (calcium phosphate); silica with varying 

amounts of aluminum (may be biogenic or with 

kaolinite clay); silica diatom tests; feldspars, 

including potassium- and sodium-rich; calcium 

and magnesium carbonates; silica, alumium, 

magnesium, iron compound. Heavy metal 

compounds include: Zn-S-C particles (zinc 

sulfate-carbonate?); barite; iron oxides; lead 

generally with calcium and phosphorus; copper 

sulfates; apatite; titanium oxide; and zircon. 

Carbon fragments (plant material?) 

NO-7B sample dry 

when 

collected 

Many large 

aggregates (50-70 

microns) of smaller 

(generally <10 

microns) particles 

Quartz; clays (kaolinites, illites, smectites); 

Silica with varying amounts of aluminum (may 

be biogenic or with clay); silica diatom tests; 

feldspars, including potassium- and sodiumrich; Calcium carbonate; Zn-S-C particles (zinc 

sulfate-carbonate?). 

Soda-lime glass, glass fibers, concrete 

NO-7C Quartz; clays; titanium oxides; lead-phosphatechloride particles; lead or lead oxide particles. 

NO-11 comp Quartz; clays (kaolinites, illites, smectites); 

apatite (calcium phosphate); silica with varying 

amounts of aluminum (may be biogenic or with 

kaolinite clay); feldspars, including potassiumand sodium-rich; calcium and magnesium 

carbonates. Heavy metal compounds include: 

barite; iron oxides (some of which are relatively 

large, ~ 40 μm); iron and titanium oxides; 

metallic lead; one particle of tin. 

Carbon fragments (plant material?) 

24
Table 4. Inorganic analytical results for USGS samples, compared to nearby EPA samples, mean US soils, Netherlands (1997) soil quality criteria, 

and non-industrial LDEQ (2003) Soil Screening Standards. WDXRF-wavelength dispersive x-ray fluorescence; ICP-MS - inductively 

coupled plasma-mass spectrometry; CVAA - cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. NA - Not analyzed; NR - Not reported 

Field No. Sample Description 

USGS method 

SiO2 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

Al2O3 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

Fe2O3 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

Chalmette 1 Katrina flood sediment, St. Jean Baptiste and Buffon Sts., Chalmette, LA 43.2 11.1 4.1 

Chalmette 1d Sample duplicate 43.4 11.1 4.1 

EPA 8939* EPA Katrina flood sediment, W Josephine St. NR NR NR 

Chalmette 2 Katrina flood sediment, Ayock St., Arabi, LA 54.1 13.3 4.82 

Chalmette 2d Sample duplicate 54.0 13.2 4.79 

EPA 10174** EPA Katrina flood sediment, 1921 Angela St. NR NR NR 

NO1 New Orleans, Poydras Ave. at Superdome 42.6 5.39 2.87 

EPA 8490 EPA 8490 Superdome NR NR NR 

NO2 New Orleans, Barrone & Gravier Sts. 79.7 3.74 1.77 

NO3 New Orleans, Tulane & LaSalle @ Tulane Med Center 59.9 4.69 2.47 

NO4 New Orleans, Canal & Basin Sts. 63.6 5.80 2.38 

NO5 New Orleans, N. Villere & St. Anne Sts. 43.3 3.96 2.39 

EPA 8493 EPA Treme & St. Philip, 9-11-05 NR NR NR 

NO6 New Orleans, Espalanade & N. Robertson 79.6 4.29 1.50 

EPA 8910 EPA Gov. Nichols & Clairborne, 9-12-05 NR NR NR 

NO7A New Orleans, Pauger & N. Villere 57.4 6.61 5.11 

NO7BC New Orleans, Pauger & N. Villere 75.3 2.25 1.47 

EPA 8912 Touro & Clairborne, 9-12-05 NR NR NR 

NO8BC New Orleans, Esplanade & Marais 70.0 5.10 2.35 

NO9 New Orleans, Annette, St. Claude, & St. Bernard 71.8 3.38 1.55 

EPA 8911 EPA 8911, St. Anthony & St. Claude NR NR NR 

NO10 New Orleans, Rampart & Girod 75.8 5.91 1.48 

NO11AB New Orleans, Freret & Perdido 35.4 6.22 4.00 

NO11C New Orleans, Freret & Perdido 40.8 4.70 3.49 

US Mean soil Shacklette & Boerngen (1984); BOLD values from Lindsay (1979) NR NR NR 

Netherlands Tentative soil quality criteria, limiting value for soil quality NR NR NR 

LDEQ Louisiana Dept. Env. Qual. Soil Screening Standard NR NR NR 

25
Table 4. 

Field No. MgO 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

CaO 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

Na2O 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

K2O 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

TiO2 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

P2O5 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

MnO 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

Chalmette 1 1.97 0.91 2.69 1.80 0.48 0.23 0.06 

Chalmette 1d 1.99 0.92 2.66 1.80 0.48 0.22 0.06 

EPA 8939* NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

Chalmette 2 2.01 1.29 1.87 2.27 0.58 0.20 0.10 

Chalmette 2d 2.02 1.28 1.90 2.26 0.58 0.21 0.10 

EPA 10174** NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

NO1 1.23 4.45 1.59 0.92 0.34 0.39 0.03 

EPA 8490 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

NO2 0.53 5.31 0.73 0.89 0.21 0.12 0.02 

NO3 0.86 3.77 1.08 0.98 0.31 0.35 0.03 

NO4 0.98 4.46 1.08 1.29 0.43 0.27 0.03 

NO5 1.36 5.11 1.85 0.69 0.31 0.60 0.04 

EPA 8493 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

NO6 0.52 2.29 0.93 1.08 0.24 0.20 0.02 

EPA 8910 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

NO7A 0.97 3.28 0.97 1.06 0.44 0.72 0.06 

NO7BC 0.63 6.72 0.67 0.54 0.15 0.16 0.02 

EPA 8912 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

NO8BC 1.73 4.10 0.96 1.47 0.30 0.40 0.04 

NO9 0.84 8.07 0.67 0.79 0.20 0.19 0.02 

EPA 8911 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

NO10 0.85 4.26 1.16 1.48 0.27 0.15 0.03 

NO11AB 1.34 3.90 1.67 1.02 0.42 0.73 0.04 

NO11C 1.62 4.49 2.90 0.68 0.32 0.64 0.04 

US Mean soil NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

Netherlands NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

LDEQ NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

26
Table 4. 

Field No. Loss on ignition 

wt. % 

WDXRF 

CO2 

% 

Carbonate C 

% 

S 

% 

Ag 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Al 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

As 

ppm 

Hydride 

Chalmette 1 32.9 0.22 0.06 1.81 <2 58500 8.2 

Chalmette 1d 32.9 0.22 0.06 1.80 <2 59800 8.2 

EPA 8939* NR NR NR NR 0.663 9860 9.7 

Chalmette 2 18.5 0.68 0.19 0.76 <2 72600 9.9 

Chalmette 2d 18.5 0.71 0.19 0.77 <2 72900 10 

EPA 10174** NR NR NR NR 0.4 8930 18 

NO1 38.2 NA NA NA <3 32100 NA 

EPA 8490 NR NR NR NR 0.036 3820 NR 

NO2 6.19 NA NA NA <3 21500 NA 

NO3 24.3 NA NA NA <3 27500 NA 

NO4 18.1 NA NA NA <3 34300 NA 

NO5 38.1 NA NA NA <3 22500 NA 

EPA 8493 NR NR NR NR 0.6 3250 NR 

NO6 8.81 NA NA NA <3 23000 NA 

EPA 8910 NR NR NR NR NR 5090 NR 

NO7A 22.3 NA NA NA <3 37000 NA 

NO7BC 11.1 NA NA NA <3 12800 NA 

EPA 8912 NR NR NR NR 0.12 4650 NR 

NO8BC 12.2 NA NA NA <3 29000 NA 

NO9 11.5 NA NA NA <3 20200 NA 

EPA 8911 NR NR NR NR NR 1850 NR 

NO10 7.89 NR NR NR <3 33800 NA 

NO11AB 43.5 NR NR NR 4.4 34100 NA 

NO11C 38.4 NR NR NR 3.3 27400 NA 

US Mean soil NR NR NR 0.12 NR 47000 5.2 

Netherlands NR NR NR NR NR NR 30 

LDEQ NR NR NR NR 39 NR 12 

27
Table 4. 

Field No. As 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Ba 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Be 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Bi 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Ca 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Cd 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Ce 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Chalmette 1 9.2 367 1.7 0.3 6190 0.6 50 

Chalmette 1d 8.8 363 1.6 0.2 6170 0.6 45 

EPA 8939* 9.7 668.7 0.8 NR 6700 0.3 NR 

Chalmette 2 11 676 2 0.3 8630 1.0 64 

Chalmette 2d 11 689 1.9 0.3 9080 1 65 

EPA 10174** 18.3 156 0.8 NR 5730 1.8 NR 

NO1 24 593 1.0 0.8 36900 30 45 

EPA 8490 2.69 68.1 0.22 NR 9000 0.3 NR 

NO2 4.5 415 0.8 0.2 42500 1.9 32 

NO3 22 496 1.0 1.3 29800 18 40 

NO4 19 942 1.1 0.7 35500 9.4 45 

NO5 38 630 1.1 0.9 40900 22 35 

EPA 8493 14 344 0.3 NR 33600 5.5 NR 

NO6 7.3 457 0.7 0.3 17300 2.0 34 

EPA 8910 19.2 222 0.41 NR 17800 6.4 NR 

NO7A 37 1150 1.8 1.9 25300 3.7 49 

NO7BC 5.8 398 0.5 0.2 51200 2.1 25 

EPA 8912 28.9 216 0.41 NR 19300 6.8 NR 

NO8BC 114 653 0.8 0.4 31800 2.0 35 

NO9 6.1 544 0.7 0.2 65900 1.1 30 

EPA 8911 4.38 42.8 0.15 NR 20900 0.3 NR 

NO10 5.2 564 1.0 0.1 33400 0.6 37 

NO11AB 43 625 1.2 1.1 29400 46 45 

NO11C 36 552 0.9 0.8 36600 43 41 

US Mean soil 5.2 440 0.63 0.56 9200 0.06 75 

Netherlands 30 400 NR NR NR 5 NR 

LDEQ 12 550 16 NR NR 3.9 NR 

28
Table 4. 

Field No. Co 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Cr 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Cs 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Cu 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Fe 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Ga 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Hg 

ppm 

CVAA 

Chalmette 1 10 63 5 31 28400 14 0.1 

Chalmette 1d 10 60 5 29 28600 14 0.1 

EPA 8939* 6.98 17.2 NR 42.2 15900 NR 0.08 

Chalmette 2 11 75 6 41 33800 16 0.1 

Chalmette 2d 12 77 6 41 34800 17 0.1 

EPA 10174** 6.37 25 NR 41.9 15600 NR 0.12 

NO1 27 81 2.7 230 23000 6.8 0.6 

EPA 8490 3.71 12.9 NR 55.5 6520 NR 0.17 

NO2 40 27 0.9 69 13500 3.6 0.08 

NO3 70 57 2.2 150 19300 5.5 1.7 

NO4 22 69 2 108 18800 6.5 0.9 

NO5 30 67 1.7 267 18600 4.8 1.4 

EPA 8493 3.34 28.7 NR 101 9830 NR 0.56 

NO6 74 24 1.1 45 10800 4.6 0.3 

EPA 8910 4.15 28.7 NR 126 12800 NR 1.07 

NO7A 47 57 2.6 141 39400 7.8 2.8 

NO7BC 79 22 0.6 87 10900 2.5 4.1 

EPA 8912 5.5 29.5 NR 143 13100 NR 0.53 

NO8BC 75 43 1.2 52 17700 5.5 2.2 

NO9 42 38 1.1 54 12100 3.8 0.1 

EPA 8911 3.26 8.15 NR 23.8 5350 NR 0.062 

NO10 65 29 1.4 22 11100 6.2 0.1 

NO11AB 24 118 3.3 418 29800 7.1 2.0 

NO11C 42 93 2.6 333 27600 5.8 1.5 

US Mean soil 9.1 54 6 25 26000 17 0.058 

Netherlands 50 250 NR 100 NR NR 2 

LDEQ 470 Total Cr NR NR 310 NR NR 2.3 

29
Table 4. 

Field No. K 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

La 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Li 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Mg 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Mn 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Mo 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Na 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Chalmette 1 14800 28 35 12200 499 3.6 20700 

Chalmette 1d 14700 25 34 12400 493 3.4 20900 

EPA 8939* 3530 NR NR 7920 516 NR 20400 

Chalmette 2 18200 34 40 12700 770 2.0 14700 

Chalmette 2d 19200 35 40 13100 792 1.9 15000 

EPA 10174** 2840 NR NR 6310 244 NR 9480 

NO1 10200 20 19 8720 275 4.38 14200 

EPA 8490 453 NR NR 1530 216 NR 1240 

NO2 8100 15 10 3480 143 1.8 6160 

NO3 9460 19 17 5830 259 2.5 8640 

NO4 12000 22 16 6800 301 2.3 8460 

NO5 7900 16 15 8970 411 2.3 16000 

EPA 8493 NR NR NR 4120 385 NR 3130 

NO6 9380 16 8.7 3260 166 1.5 7060 

EPA 8910 1570 NR NR 4670 239 NR 5820 

NO7A 9690 23 32 5800 513 3.0 7670 

NO7BC 4850 11 8.4 4010 153 1.7 5340 

EPA 8912 1750 NR NR 6200 200 NR 12200 

NO8BC 13600 17 12 11600 339 2.4 8010 

NO9 7580 14 11 5650 188 1.5 5870 

EPA 8911 456 NR NR 2710 83.7 NR 2020 

NO10 13400 18 13 5560 219 1.5 9380 

NO11AB 9890 22 20 8850 347 4.0 11500 

NO11C 9430 18 15 10700 338 3.6 28200 

US Mean soil 15000 37 24 9000 550 0.97 12000 

Netherlands NR NR NR NR NR 40 NR 

LDEQ NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

30
Table 4. 

Field No. Nb 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Ni 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

P 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Pb 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Rb 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Sb 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Se 

ppm 

Hydride 

Chalmette 1 12 32 959 44 80 0.7 1.4 

Chalmette 1d 9.8 32 947 43 81 0.7 1.4 

EPA 8939* NR 27.2 NR 34.8 NR NR NR 

Chalmette 2 15 31 820 51 96 1.0 0.8 

Chalmette 2d 16 32 867 52 98 1.0 0.8 

EPA 10174** NR 18 NR 36.8 NR NR NR 

NO1 6.4 35 2100 939 45 6.7 NA 

EPA 8490 NR 7.3 NR 28.2 NR 0.54 NR 

NO2 < 2 14 356 102 28 1.9 NA 

NO3 6.9 23 1660 402 37 8.3 NA 

NO4 7.1 24 1230 1350 46 5.2 NA 

NO5 6.2 26 3050 1460 31 4.8 NA 

EPA 8493 NR 14.2 NR 655 NR NR NR 

NO6 < 2 14 732 497 33 2.5 NA 

EPA 8910 NR 21 NR 597 NR NR NR 

NO7A 10.2 31 3490 2180 43 12 NA 

NO7BC < 2 16 621 207 17 1.3 NA 

EPA 8912 NR 28.8 NR 627 NR NR NR 

NO8BC 5.3 21 1840 760 46 4.3 NA 

NO9 < 2 19 851 290 26 4.5 NA 

EPA 8911 NR 10.2 NR 71.7 NR NR NR 

NO10 3.6 16 561 96 45 2.4 NA 

NO11AB 7.1 38 3580 754 46 11 NA 

NO11C 5.9 37 3380 557 39 9.6 NA 

US Mean soil 11 19 430 19 67 0.66 0.26 

Netherlands NR 100 NR 150 NR NR NR 

LDEQ NR 160 NR 400 NR 3.1 39 

31
Table 4. 

Field No. Sc 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Sr 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Th 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Ti 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Tl 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

U 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

V 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Chalmette 1 10 118 9.1 2400 0.6 3.9 107 

Chalmette 1d 10 117 8.5 2060 0.6 3.7 104 

EPA 8939* NR NR NR NR NR NR 21.3 

Chalmette 2 12 130 11 3220 0.7 3.5 124 

Chalmette 2d 12 132 11 3360 0.7 3.5 128 

EPA 10174** NR NR NR NR NR NR 20.7 

NO1 4.8 201 5.4 2040 0.4 2.3 60 

EPA 8490 NR NR NR NR NR NR 12.2 

NO2 2.1 170 3.7 1130 0.1 1.2 23 

NO3 3.6 164 3.9 1740 0.3 1.6 40 

NO4 4.2 200 5.5 2500 0.4 1.8 49 

NO5 3.4 203 4.2 1900 0.5 1.5 43 

EPA 8493 NR NR NR NR NR NR 9.67 

NO6 2.5 134 3.3 1280 0.2 1.2 28 

EPA 8910 NR NR NR NR 0.19 NR 13.7 

NO7A 6.6 225 6.9 2600 0.4 2.4 64 

NO7BC 1.6 179 1.8 810 0.1 0.9 19 

EPA 8912 NR NR NR NR 0.37 NR 15.9 

NO8BC 3.4 172 3.5 1590 0.3 1.5 34 

NO9 2.2 217 2.8 1170 0.2 1.2 25 

EPA 8911 NR NR NR NR NR NR 5.3 

NO10 3.1 212 4.0 1440 0.3 1.3 36 

NO11AB 5.3 182 6.2 2290 0.4 2.1 62 

NO11C 4.2 177 5.1 1830 0.3 1.7 48 

US Mean soil 8.9 240 9.4 2900 NR 2.7 80 

Netherlands NR NR NR NR NR NR NR 

LDEQ NR NR NR NR 0.55 NR 55 

32
Table 4. 

Field No. Y 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Zn 

ppm 

ICP-MS 

Chalmette 1 19 174 

Chalmette 1d 18 174 

EPA 8939* NR 153 

Chalmette 2 24 435 

Chalmette 2d 25 454 

EPA 10174** NR 650 

NO1 15 5500 

EPA 8490 NR 274 

NO2 8.4 755 

NO3 13 3830 

NO4 15 2880 

NO5 10 7880 

EPA 8493 NR 1830 

NO6 10 694 

EPA 8910 NR 2160 

NO7A 20 1740 

NO7BC 6.4 863 

EPA 8912 NR 2820 

NO8BC 12 849 

NO9 8.9 432 

EPA 8911 NR 291 

NO10 13 209 

NO11AB 17 9680 

NO11C 14 9700 

US Mean soil 25 60 

Netherlands NR 500 

LDEQ NR 2300 

33
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Analytical results for simulated gastric fluid leach tests performed on flood sediment samples. Table 5a reports 

concentrations in the leachate, table 5b reports values recalculated to mg leached per kg solid. Analyst: Suzette Morman. 

Contact: Geoff Plumlee, gplumlee@usgs.gov. The Chalmette samples originally contained approximately 60-75% water, 

so measured concentrations on the Chalmette leachates would increase proportionally if recalculated to dry weight. The 

NO samples were dried prior to leaching. This test is modified slightly from a simulated gastric fluid leach test used by 

EPA to assess lead bioaccessibility from soils (Chris Weis, oral communications, 2004). One part solid is added to 100 

parts simulated gastric fluid (pH 1.5, composed of HCl and glycine), mixture rotated for 2 hours at 37°C, Concentrations 

below the detection limit are shown by (<). Separate batches, each using a new blank leachate solution, are separated by 

horizontal borders in the database. All analyses by ICP-MS except Hg by cold vapor atomic fluorescence. 

Field No. Ag 

ug/L 

Al 

ug/L 

As 

ug/L 

Ba 

ug/L 

Be 

ug/L 

Bi 

ug/L 

Ca 

mg/L 

Cd 

ug/L 

blank <3 30 1 9.2 <0.05 0.9 0.3 0.1 

Blank dup <3 31 <1 11 <0.05 0.9 0.7 0.08 

Chalmette 1 <3 5850 19 305 3.0 0.6 38 3.6 

Chalmette 1 dup <3 6620 22 348 3.3 0.5 44 4.2 

Chalmette 2 <3 5140 35 540 3.1 0.6 53 7.7 

Chalmette 2 dup <3 4730 33 511 2.7 0.6 49 6.6 

NO 7C <3 2240 9.0 475 0.3 0.5 287 7.0 

NO 7C dup <3 3550 15 553 0.8 0.5 426 11 

Blank <3 7.9 2 49 <0.05 0.2 0.5 <0.02 

NO1 <3 16500 138 1240 2.4 <0.2 305 180 

NO2 <3 7500 17 615 0.7 <0.2 353 10 

NO2 dup <3 7910 16 581 0.8 <0.2 357 11 

NO3 <3 16600 121 1380 2.2 <0.2 266 122 

NO4 <3 15200 114 1560 2.4 <0.2 285 64 

NO5 <3 16900 177 1420 2.1 <0.2 390 93 

NO6 <3 13900 68 1500 1.5 0.2 154 20 

NO7 A <3 22900 241 3180 4.0 2.8 221 36 

NO7 BC <3 10100 40 1690 1.0 <0.2 476 16 

NO8 BC <3 11800 336 1500 1.1 0.8 204 9.0 

NO9 <3 14800 32 1680 1.3 0.4 545 8.4 

NO10 <3 11600 26 1250 1.3 0.2 245 4.9 

NO11 <3 36200 245 1880 3.5 <0.2 364 328 

NO11 C <3 30100 192 1400 2.8 <0.2 362 290 

34
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. Ce 

ug/L 

Co 

ug/L 

Cr 

ug/L 

Cs 

ug/L 

Cu 

ug/L 

Dy 

ug/L 

Er 

ug/L 

Eu 

ug/L 

blank 0.07 0.08 68 0.04 4.2 <0.005 0.01 <0.005 

Blank dup 0.1 0.1 68 0.03 4.1 <0.005 0.03 <0.005 

Chalmette 1 50 13 74 0.4 31 2.8 1.3 0.7 

Chalmette 1 dup 52 14 73 0.4 31 3.1 1.4 0.8 

Chalmette 2 110 19 74 0.3 133 9.3 4.6 2.4 

Chalmette 2 dup 102 17 76 0.3 121 8.4 4.1 2.2 

NO 7C 15 4.1 77 0.1 101 1.4 0.7 0.3 

NO 7C dup 34 6.2 84 0.1 216 2.5 1.2 0.6 

Blank 0.07 0.07 71 <0.02 1.1 0.02 0.04 0.008 

NO1 51 170 180 1.3 21 3.9 2.3 0.9 

NO2 35 322 114 0.5 536 3.2 1.7 0.8 

NO2 dup 35 306 120 0.5 688 3.2 1.7 0.8 

NO3 47 600 194 2.1 36 3.9 2.2 0.9 

NO4 66 145 160 0.8 307 5.8 3.1 1.5 

NO5 38 253 223 0.8 4.2 2.9 1.8 0.7 

NO6 58 762 119 0.8 341 5.3 2.8 1.3 

NO7 A 75 366 138 1.1 891 7.6 4.0 1.9 

NO7 BC 40 704 115 0.6 159 3.3 1.8 0.9 

NO8 BC 37 614 120 0.7 253 3.7 2.1 0.9 

NO9 44 348 207 1.5 390 4.4 2.4 1.1 

NO10 65 560 127 0.7 133 6.8 3.5 1.6 

NO11 67 178 421 2.1 143 4.9 2.8 1.3 

NO11 C 54 304 378 1.9 324 4.2 2.5 1.0 

35
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. Fe 

ug/L 

Ga 

ug/L 

Gd 

ug/L 

Ge 

ug/L 

Ho 

ug/L 

K 

mg/L 

La 

ug/L 

Li 

ug/L 

blank <50 <0.05 <0.005 <0.05 <0.005 0.07 0.02 <0.9 

Blank dup <50 <0.05 0.02 <0.05 <0.005 0.05 0.05 <0.9 

Chalmette 1 11200 1.4 3.8 <0.05 0.5 10 29 <0.9 

Chalmette 1 dup 12600 1.4 4.2 <0.05 0.6 12 32 <0.9 

Chalmette 2 28500 2 12 <0.05 1.8 10.0 50 <0.9 

Chalmette 2 dup 26500 1.9 11 <0.05 1.7 9.0 47 <0.9 

NO 7C 5820 0.6 1.8 <0.05 0.3 2.0 9.1 <0.9 

NO 7C dup 9080 0.9 2.9 <0.05 0.5 3.0 18 <0.9 

Blank <50 0.1 0.005 <0.05 <0.005 <0.03 0.06 0.6 

NO1 56400 2.6 4.7 <0.05 0.8 13 28 16 

NO2 13000 1.6 4.4 <0.05 0.6 1.8 21 5.6 

NO2 dup 13000 1.7 4.2 <0.05 0.6 1.8 21 5.8 

NO3 42200 2.9 4.6 0.4 0.8 9.3 27 12 

NO4 27400 2.6 7.2 0.6 1.1 5.2 37 9.5 

NO5 74400 3.2 3.2 0.2 0.6 15.3 23 14 

NO6 18000 3.2 6.6 0.5 1.0 7.7 30 10 

NO7 A 29200 4.4 9.2 1.4 1.4 11 40 21 

NO7 BC 15300 2.0 4.0 0.08 0.6 5.5 22 8.2 

NO8 BC 8160 2.3 4.4 0.4 0.7 7.0 21 5.9 

NO9 16700 3.5 5.5 0.4 0.9 4.8 25 14 

NO10 14000 3.1 8.6 0.4 1.3 5.9 33 8.4 

NO11 114000 4.2 5.9 0.5 1.0 19 38 22 

NO11 C 102000 4.4 5.0 0.9 0.9 25 29 25 

36
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. Lu 

ug/L 

Mg 

mg/L 

Mn 

ug/L 

Mo 

ug/L 

Na 

mg/L 

Nb 

ug/L 

Nd 

ug/L 

Ni 

ug/L 

blank <0.1 0.02 1.3 5.1 <0.5 2.6 0.2 1.7 

Blank dup <0.1 0.04 2.0 2.6 <0.5 2.1 0.2 1.8 

Chalmette 1 0.1 46 2010 <2 139 2.2 22 48 

Chalmette 1 dup 0.1 52 2340 <2 157 1.8 24 53 

Chalmette 2 0.4 33 4270 <2 92 1.6 58 49 

Chalmette 2 dup 0.4 30 3790 <2 84 1.4 53 44 

NO 7C <0.1 14 452 <2 14 1.3 8.3 32 

NO 7C dup 0.1 24 686 <2 22 1.1 14 36 

Blank <0.1 0.3 1.1 <2 0.1 <0.2 0.1 1.4 

NO1 0.2 39 1400 <2 75 0.24 20 120 

NO2 0.2 15 469 <2 3.5 <0.2 18 35 

NO2 dup 0.2 16 493 <2 3.6 <0.2 18 34 

NO3 0.2 30 1410 <2 39 <0.2 21 91 

NO4 0.4 26 1570 <2 15 <0.2 31 72 

NO5 0.2 63 3420 <2 142 <0.2 16 118 

NO6 0.3 19 1020 <2 23 <0.2 29 50 

NO7 A 0.4 24 3490 <2 45 <0.2 38 72 

NO7 BC 0.2 29 886 <2 22 <0.2 18 50 

NO8 BC 0.2 60 884 <2 17 <0.2 19 41 

NO9 0.3 35 995 <2 11 <0.2 24 71 

NO10 0.4 29 1190 <2 9.8 <0.2 36 57 

NO11 0.3 72 2850 <2 124 0.4 28 167 

NO11 C 0.3 87 2590 <2 273 0.3 25 133 

37
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. P 

mg/L 

Pb 

ug/L 

Pr 

ug/L 

Rb 

ug/L 

Sb 

ug/L 

Sc 

ug/L 

Se 

ug/L 

SiO2 

mg/L 

blank 0.05 4.8 0.01 0.06 6.6 0.8 1.8 13 

Blank dup 0.04 6.7 <0.01 0.04 4.4 1 1.4 13 

Chalmette 1 1.9 179 5.8 13 4.3 1.5 3.5 19 

Chalmette 1 dup 2.2 204 6.1 14 3.4 1.7 5.6 19 

Chalmette 2 2.6 242 13 11 3.2 2 4.1 21 

Chalmette 2 dup 2.4 220 13 10.0 2.8 2 3.4 21 

NO 7C 2.4 1120 2.0 2.7 3.1 1.7 2.4 17 

NO 7C dup 3.4 1820 3.8 4.1 3.7 1.9 2.1 19 

Blank 0.02 1.2 <0.01 0.03 1.3 0.9 1.2 17 

NO1 8.6 4370 5.1 26 2.9 3.5 6.1 38 

NO2 2 637 4.3 6.6 5.1 2.9 2 33 

NO2 dup 2.1 615 4.3 6.7 4.3 2.9 2.4 34 

NO3 11 2390 5.2 24 1.0 3.1 4.5 38 

NO4 7.4 8150 7.6 15 5.4 4.4 3.6 54 

NO5 27 2090 4.1 22 1.4 3.5 10 44 

NO6 6.1 4770 6.8 23 4.3 2.5 3.6 32 

NO7 A 27 19000 8.9 29 8.6 3.5 4.3 41 

NO7 BC 4.6 1720 4.6 14 2.4 2.9 2.8 35 

NO8 BC 13 5840 4.5 19 4.9 2.3 4.2 28 

NO9 6.5 2320 5.6 19 3.8 4.7 3.2 54 

NO10 4.3 763 8.2 19 4.6 3 3 32 

NO11 23 3330 7.3 33 6.1 7.8 6 71 

NO11 C 19 2910 6.1 33 5.8 6.9 6.5 63 

38
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. Sm 

ug/L 

SO4 

mg/L 

Sr 

ug/L 

Ta 

ug/L 

Tb 

ug/L 

Th 

ug/L 

Ti 

ug/L 

Tl 

ug/L 

blank <0.01 10 1.0 1.1 <0.005 <0.2 9.1 0.1 

Blank dup <0.01 10 1.8 0.9 <0.005 <0.2 11 <0.1 

Chalmette 1 3.5 22 457 1.0 0.5 <0.2 24 0.1 

Chalmette 1 dup 3.7 22 518 0.7 0.5 <0.2 23 0.2 

Chalmette 2 11.6 22 381 0.7 1.6 0.4 45 0.1 

Chalmette 2 dup 9.7 20 345 0.6 1.5 0.4 48 0.1 

NO 7C 1.6 15 625 0.6 0.3 <0.2 48 <0.1 

NO 7C dup 2.4 14 942 0.5 0.4 <0.2 58 0.1 

Blank <0.01 <2 2.0 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 33 <0.1 

NO1 3.4 63 1080 0.07 0.7 0.34 68 0.8 

NO2 3.7 7 596 0.05 0.6 <0.2 188 0.1 

NO2 dup 3.7 8 597 0.03 0.6 <0.2 188 0.1 

NO3 3.6 141 787 0.09 0.6 <0.2 65 0.63 

NO4 6.0 29 742 <0.02 1.0 <0.2 94 0.3 

NO5 2.5 545 1400 0.05 0.5 0.74 44 1.9 

NO6 5.8 24 490 <0.02 1.0 <0.2 74 0.3 

NO7 A 7.7 30 908 0.1 1.3 <0.2 70 0.7 

NO7 BC 3.4 27 1190 <0.02 0.6 <0.2 100 0.3 

NO8 BC 3.8 14 501 <0.02 0.6 <0.2 91 0.2 

NO9 4.9 24 1180 <0.02 0.8 <0.2 251 0.2 

NO10 7.5 11 649 0.1 1.2 <0.2 88 0.2 

NO11 4.8 35 1190 0.2 0.8 0.3 71 0.8 

NO11 C 4.1 81 1130 0.1 0.7 0.2 79 0.6 

39
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. Tm 

ug/L 

U 

ug/L 

V 

ug/L 

W 

ug/L 

Y 

ug/L 

Yb 

ug/L 

Zn 

ug/L 

Zr 

ug/L 

blank <0.005 <0.1 17 2.1 <0.01 <0.005 24 <0.2 

Blank dup <0.005 <0.1 16 1.9 0.02 0.005 32 <0.2 

Chalmette 1 0.2 1.3 79 1.9 19 0.8 727 1.2 

Chalmette 1 dup 0.2 1.3 88 1.5 20 0.9 804 1.2 

Chalmette 2 0.6 4.8 87 1.3 51 3.0 2560 1.7 

Chalmette 2 dup 0.5 4.6 82 1.3 47 2.9 2300 1.6 

NO 7C 0.1 1.0 28 1.2 8.0 0.6 2980 0.6 

NO 7C dup 0.2 1.4 35 1.0 14 0.8 4690 0.8 

Blank <0.005 <0.1 16 <0.5 <0.01 <0.005 18 <0.2 

NO1 0.3 3.5 105 2.7 28 1.7 39800 8.3 

NO2 0.2 2.6 40 29 18 1.3 5220 2.8 

NO2 dup 0.2 2.5 43 28 18 1.3 5200 2.9 

NO3 0.3 2.8 86 12 26 1.7 34100 6 

NO4 0.4 3.3 73 4.6 37 2.4 25000 5.6 

NO5 0.2 2.1 105 5.0 20 1.3 73400 11 

NO6 0.4 2.8 63 32.7 30 2.1 7290 3.5 

NO7 A 0.5 3.5 135 9.3 41 3.0 14100 4.2 

NO7 BC 0.2 2.6 54 37 18 1.4 7210 3.7 

NO8 BC 0.3 3.3 50 48 22 1.6 4010 2.3 

NO9 0.3 4.5 73 54 26 1.9 3240 4.2 

NO10 0.4 3.3 56 26 35 2.6 1550 2.4 

NO11 0.4 2.8 156 3.7 33 2.1 84500 6.8 

NO11 C 0.3 2.2 132 5.0 28 1.8 84700 5.3 

40
Table 5a. Blank 

and leachate 

concentrations. 

Field No. Hg 

ng/L 

blank NA 

Blank dup NA 

Chalmette 1 NA 

Chalmette 1 dup NA 

Chalmette 2 NA 

Chalmette 2 dup NA 

NO 7C NA 

NO 7C dup NA 

Blank NA 

NO1 NA 

NO2 NA 

NO2 dup NA 

NO3 <15 

NO4 NA 

NO5 <15 

NO6 NA 

NO7 A 23 

NO7 BC <15 

NO8 BC 18 

NO9 NA 

NO10 NA 

NO11 <15 

NO11 C NA 

41
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Ag 

solid 

Al 

solid 

As 

solid 

Ba 

solid 

Be 

solid 

Bi 

solid 

Ca 

solid 

Cd 

solid 

Field No. 

blank <0.3 2.97 0.1 0.9 <0.005 0.09 28 0.01 

Blank dup <0.3 3.08 <0.1 1.1 <0.005 0.09 72 0.008 

Chalmette 1 <0.3 585 1.9 31 0.3 0.06 3810 0.4 

Chalmette 1 dup <0.3 662 2.2 35 0.3 0.05 4390 0.4 

Chalmette 2 <0.3 514 3.5 54 0.3 0.06 5330 0.8 

Chalmette 2 dup <0.3 473 3.3 51 0.3 0.06 4920 0.7 

NO 7C <0.3 224 0.9 48 0.03 0.05 28700 0.7 

NO 7C dup <0.3 355 1.5 55 0.08 0.05 42600 1.1 

Blank <0.3 0.79 0.2 4.9 <0.005 0.02 50 <0.002 

NO1 <0.3 1650 14 124 0.2 <0.02 30500 18 

NO2 <0.3 750 1.7 62 0.07 <0.02 35300 1.0 

NO2 dup <0.3 791 1.6 58 0.08 <0.02 35700 1.1 

NO3 <0.3 1660 12 138 0.2 <0.02 26600 12 

NO4 <0.3 1520 11 156 0.2 <0.02 28500 6.4 

NO5 <0.3 1690 18 142 0.2 <0.02 39000 9.3 

NO6 <0.3 1390 6.8 150 0.2 0.02 15400 2.0 

NO7 A <0.3 2290 24 318 0.4 0.3 22100 3.6 

NO7 BC <0.3 1010 4.0 169 0.1 <0.02 47600 1.6 

NO8 BC <0.3 1180 34 150 0.1 0.08 20400 0.90 

NO9 <0.3 1480 3.2 168 0.1 0.04 54500 0.84 

NO10 <0.3 1160 2.6 125 0.1 0.02 24500 0.49 

NO11 <0.3 3620 25 188 0.4 <0.02 36400 33 

NO11 C <0.3 3010 19 140 0.3 <0.02 36200 29 

42
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Ce 

solid 

Co 

solid 

Cr 

solid 

Cs 

solid 

Cu 

solid 

Dy 

solid 

Er 

solid 

Eu 

solid 

Field No. 

blank 0.007 0.008 6.8 0.004 0.4 <0.0005 0.001 <0.0005 

Blank dup 0.01 0.01 6.8 0.003 0.4 <0.0005 0.003 <0.0005 

Chalmette 1 5.0 1.3 7.4 0.04 3.1 0.3 0.1 0.07 

Chalmette 1 dup 5.2 1.4 7.3 0.04 3.1 0.3 0.1 0.08 

Chalmette 2 11 1.9 7.4 0.03 13 0.9 0.5 0.2 

Chalmette 2 dup 10 1.7 7.6 0.03 12 0.8 0.41 0.2 

NO 7C 1.5 0.4 7.7 0.01 10 0.1 0.07 0.03 

NO 7C dup 3.4 0.6 8.4 0.01 22 0.2 0.1 0.06 

Blank 0.007 0.007 7.1 <0.002 0.1 0.002 0.004 0.0008 

NO1 5.1 17 18 0.1 2.1 0.4 0.2 0.09 

NO2 3.5 32 11 0.05 54 0.3 0.2 0.08 

NO2 dup 3.5 31 12 0.05 69 0.3 0.2 0.08 

NO3 4.7 60 19 0.2 3.6 0.4 0.2 0.09 

NO4 6.6 15 16 0.08 31 0.6 0.3 0.1 

NO5 3.8 25 22 0.08 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.07 

NO6 5.8 76 12 0.08 34 0.5 0.3 0.1 

NO7 A 7.5 37 14 0.1 89 0.8 0.4 0.2 

NO7 BC 4 70 12 0.06 16 0.3 0.2 0.09 

NO8 BC 3.7 61 12 0.07 25 0.4 0.2 0.09 

NO9 4.4 35 21 0.1 39 0.4 0.2 0.1 

NO10 6.5 56 13 0.07 13 0.7 0.3 0.2 

NO11 6.7 18 42 0.2 14 0.5 0.3 0.1 

NO11 C 5.4 30 38 0.2 32 0.4 0.2 0.1 

43
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Fe 

solid 

Ga 

solid 

Gd 

solid 

Ge 

solid 

Ho 

solid 

K 

solid 

La 

solid 

Li 

solid 

Field No. 

blank <5 <0.005 <0.0005 <0.005 <0.0005 7 0.002 <0.09 

Blank dup <5 <0.005 0.002 <0.005 <0.0005 5 0.005 <0.09 

Chalmette 1 1120 0.1 0.4 <0.005 0.05 1040 2.9 <0.09 

Chalmette 1 dup 1260 0.1 0.4 <0.005 0.06 1200 3.2 <0.09 

Chalmette 2 2850 0.2 1.2 <0.005 0.2 995 5.0 <0.09 

Chalmette 2 dup 2650 0.2 1.1 <0.005 0.2 896 4.7 <0.09 

NO 7C 582 0.06 0.2 <0.005 0.03 203 0.9 <0.09 

NO 7C dup 908 0.09 0.3 <0.005 0.05 296 1.8 <0.09 

Blank <5 0.01 0.0005 <0.005 <0.0005 <3 0.006 0.06 

NO1 5640 0.3 0.5 <0.005 0.08 1260 2.8 1.6 

NO2 1300 0.2 0.4 <0.005 0.06 177 2.1 0.6 

NO2 dup 1300 0.2 0.4 <0.005 0.06 184 2.1 0.6 

NO3 4220 0.3 0.5 0.04 0.08 926 2.7 1.2 

NO4 2740 0.3 0.7 0.06 0.1 523 3.7 1.0 

NO5 7440 0.3 0.3 0.02 0.06 1530 2.3 1.4 

NO6 1800 0.3 0.7 0.05 0.1 773 3.0 1.0 

NO7 A 2920 0.4 0.9 0.1 0.1 1080 4.0 2.1 

NO7 BC 1530 0.2 0.4 0.008 0.06 552 2.2 0.8 

NO8 BC 816 0.2 0.4 0.04 0.07 695 2.1 0.6 

NO9 1670 0.4 0.5 0.04 0.09 480 2.5 1.4 

NO10 1400 0.3 0.9 0.04 0.1 592 3.3 0.8 

NO11 11400 0.4 0.6 0.05 0.1 1850 3.8 2.2 

NO11 C 10200 0.4 0.5 0.09 0.09 2540 2.9 2.5 

44
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Lu 

solid 

Mg 

solid 

Mn 

solid 

Mo 

solid 

Na 

solid 

Nb 

solid 

Nd 

solid 

Ni 

solid 

Field No. 

blank <0.01 2 0.1 0.5 <50 0.3 0.02 0.2 

Blank dup <0.01 4 0.2 0.3 <50 0.2 0.02 0.2 

Chalmette 1 0.01 4580 201 <0.2 13900 0.2 2.2 4.8 

Chalmette 1 dup 0.01 5200 234 <0.2 15700 0.2 2.4 5.3 

Chalmette 2 0.04 3250 427 <0.2 9170 0.2 5.8 4.9 

Chalmette 2 dup 0.04 2990 379 <0.2 8400 0.1 5.3 4.4 

NO 7C <0.01 1420 45 <0.2 1380 0.1 0.8 3.2 

NO 7C dup 0.01 2440 69 <0.2 2150 0.1 1.4 3.6 

Blank <0.01 26 0.1 <0.2 14 <0.02 0.01 0.1 

NO1 0.02 3850 140 <0.2 7520 0.02 2.0 12 

NO2 0.02 1470 47 <0.2 354 <0.02 1.8 3.5 

NO2 dup 0.02 1600 49 <0.2 359 <0.02 1.8 3.4 

NO3 0.02 3040 141 <0.2 3880 <0.02 2.1 9.1 

NO4 0.04 2630 157 <0.2 1530 <0.02 3.1 7.2 

NO5 0.02 6320 342 <0.2 14200 <0.02 1.6 12 

NO6 0.03 1890 102 <0.2 2260 <0.02 2.9 5.0 

NO7 A 0.04 2420 349 <0.2 4490 <0.02 3.8 7.2 

NO7 BC 0.02 2880 89 <0.2 2170 <0.02 1.8 5.0 

NO8 BC 0.02 5990 88 <0.2 1680 <0.02 1.9 4.1 

NO9 0.03 3470 100 <0.2 1130 <0.02 2.4 7.1 

NO10 0.04 2860 119 <0.2 981 <0.02 3.6 5.7 

NO11 0.03 7220 285 <0.2 12400 0.04 2.8 17 

NO11 C 0.03 8700 259 <0.2 27300 0.03 2.5 13 

45
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

P 

solid 

Pb 

solid 

Pr 

solid 

Rb 

solid 

Sb 

solid 

Sc 

solid 

Se 

solid 

SiO2 

solid 

Field No. 

blank 5 0.5 0.001 0.006 0.7 0.08 0.2 1280 

Blank dup 4 0.7 <0.001 0.004 0.4 0.1 0.1 1260 

Chalmette 1 190 18 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 1910 

Chalmette 1 dup 220 20 0.6 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.6 1940 

Chalmette 2 260 24 1.3 1.1 0.3 0.2 0.4 2130 

Chalmette 2 dup 240 22 1.3 1.0 0.3 0.2 0.3 2090 

NO 7C 240 112 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 1660 

NO 7C dup 340 182 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 1930 

Blank 2 0.1 <0.001 0.003 0.1 0.09 0.1 1650 

NO1 860 437 0.5 2.6 0.3 0.4 0.6 3780 

NO2 200 64 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 3260 

NO2 dup 210 62 0.4 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.2 3360 

NO3 1140 239 0.5 2.4 0.1 0.3 0.5 3840 

NO4 740 815 0.8 1.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 5440 

NO5 2660 209 0.4 2.2 0.1 0.4 1 4380 

NO6 610 477 0.7 2.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 3150 

NO7 A 2740 1900 0.9 2.9 0.9 0.4 0.4 4090 

NO7 BC 460 172 0.5 1.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 3500 

NO8 BC 1280 584 0.4 1.9 0.5 0.2 0.4 2760 

NO9 650 232 0.6 1.9 0.4 0.5 0.3 5410 

NO10 430 76.3 0.8 1.9 0.5 0.3 0.3 3220 

NO11 2290 333 0.7 3.3 0.6 0.8 0.6 7110 

NO11 C 1860 291 0.6 3.3 0.6 0.7 0.7 6320 

46
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Sm 

solid 

SO4 

solid 

Sr 

solid 

Ta 

solid 

Tb 

solid 

Th 

solid 

Ti 

solid 

Tl 

solid 

Field No. 

blank <0.001 1000 0.1 0.11 <0.0005 <0.02 0.9 0.01 

Blank dup <0.001 1000 0.2 0.1 <0.0005 <0.02 1.1 <0.01 

Chalmette 1 0.4 2200 46 0.1 0.05 <0.02 2.4 0.01 

Chalmette 1 dup 0.4 2200 52 0.1 0.05 <0.02 2.3 0.02 

Chalmette 2 1.2 2200 38 0.1 0.2 0.04 4.5 0.01 

Chalmette 2 dup 1.0 2000 35 0.1 0.1 0.04 4.8 0.01 

NO 7C 0.2 1500 63 0.1 0.03 <0.02 4.8 <0.01 

NO 7C dup 0.2 1400 94 0.0 0.04 <0.02 5.8 0.01 

Blank <0.001 <200 0.2 <0.002 <0.0005 <0.02 3.3 <0.01 

NO1 0.3 6300 108 0.007 0.07 0.03 6.8 0.08 

NO2 0.4 700 60 0.005 0.06 <0.02 19 0.01 

NO2 dup 0.4 800 60 0.003 0.06 <0.02 19 0.01 

NO3 0.4 14100 79 0.009 0.06 <0.02 6.5 0.06 

NO4 0.6 2900 74 <0.002 0.1 <0.02 9.4 0.03 

NO5 0.3 54500 140 0.005 0.05 0.07 4.4 0.2 

NO6 0.6 2400 49 <0.002 0.1 <0.02 7.4 0.03 

NO7 A 0.8 3000 91 0.01 0.1 <0.02 7.0 0.07 

NO7 BC 0.3 2700 119 <0.002 0.06 <0.02 10 0.03 

NO8 BC 0.4 1400 50 <0.002 0.06 <0.02 9.1 0.02 

NO9 0.5 2400 118 <0.002 0.08 <0.02 25 0.02 

NO10 0.7 1100 65 0.01 0.1 <0.02 8.8 0.02 

NO11 0.5 3500 119 0.02 0.08 0.03 7.1 0.08 

NO11 C 0.4 8100 113 0.01 0.07 0.02 7.9 0.06 

47
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/kg solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Tm 

solid 

U 

solid 

V 

solid 

W 

solid 

Y 

solid 

Yb 

solid 

Zn 

solid 

Zr 

solid 

Field No. 

blank <0.0005 <0.01 1.7 0.2 <0.001 <0.0005 2.4 <0.02 

Blank dup <0.0005 <0.01 1.6 0.2 0.002 0.0005 3.2 <0.02 

Chalmette 1 0.02 0.1 7.9 0.2 1.9 0.08 73 0.1 

Chalmette 1 dup 0.02 0.1 8.8 0.2 2.0 0.09 80 0.1 

Chalmette 2 0.06 0.5 8.7 0.1 5.1 0.3 256 0.2 

Chalmette 2 dup 0.05 0.5 8.2 0.1 4.7 0.29 230 0.2 

NO 7C 0.01 0.1 2.8 0.1 0.8 0.06 298 0.06 

NO 7C dup 0.02 0.1 3.5 0.1 1.4 0.08 469 0.08 

Blank <0.0005 <0.01 1.6 <0.05 <0.001 <0.0005 1.8 <0.02 

NO1 0.03 0.4 11 0.3 2.8 0.2 3980 0.8 

NO2 0.02 0.3 4.0 2.9 1.8 0.1 522 0.3 

NO2 dup 0.02 0.2 4.3 2.8 1.8 0.1 520 0.3 

NO3 0.03 0.3 8.6 1.2 2.6 0.2 3410 0.6 

NO4 0.04 0.3 7.3 0.5 3.7 0.2 2500 0.6 

NO5 0.02 0.2 11 0.5 2.0 0.1 7340 1.1 

NO6 0.04 0.3 6.3 3.3 3.0 0.2 729 0.4 

NO7 A 0.05 0.3 14 0.9 4.1 0.3 1410 0.4 

NO7 BC 0.02 0.3 5.4 3.7 1.8 0.1 721 0.4 

NO8 BC 0.03 0.3 5.0 4.8 2.2 0.2 401 0.2 

NO9 0.03 0.4 7.3 5.4 2.6 0.2 324 0.4 

NO10 0.04 0.3 5.6 2.6 3.5 0.3 155 0.2 

NO11 0.04 0.3 16 0.4 3.3 0.2 8450 0.7 

NO11 C 0.03 0.2 13 0.5 2.8 0.2 8470 0.5 

48
Table 5b. 

Recalculated to mg 

leached/k

g solid 

NA = not analyzed 

Hg 

ng/L 

Field No. 

blank NA 

Blank dup NA 

Chalmette 1 NA 

Chalmette 1 dup NA 

Chalmette 2 NA 

Chalmette 2 dup NA 

NO 7C NA 

NO 7C dup NA 

Blank NA 

NO1 NA 

NO2 NA 

NO2 dup NA 

NO3 <15 

NO4 NA 

NO5 <15 

NO6 NA 

NO7 A 23 

NO7 BC <15 

NO8 BC 18 

NO9 NA 

NO10 NA 

NO11 <15 

NO11 C NA 

49
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

Analytical results for chemical leach tests performed on wet Chalmette samples. Table 6a reports concentrations in the 

leachate, table 6b reports values recalculated to mg leached per kg solid. The samples originally contained approximately 60-

70% water, so that measured concentrations would increase proportionally if recalculated to dry weight. All leach tests were run 

at 1 part solid to 20 parts leach solution. "Modified TCLP" is a USGS modification on EPA Method 1311, using simulated landfill 

leachate compositions, rotated end over end for 18 hours. Simulated brackish water is a dilute sea-water leach using 6 ppt sea 

salt in deionized water as the leachate, rotated end over end for 18 hours. "Modified SPLP" is a USGS modification of EPA 

Method 1312, synthetic rainfall leach test, rotated end over end for 18 hours. "USGS FLT" is a field leach test using deionized 

water as the leachate, rotated end over end for 5 minutes. "TCLP 1311" method was run by EPA National Enforcement 

Investigations Center (NEIC) laboratory, using EPA protocols. Concentrations below detection limit shown by (<). 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

Alkalinity IC-Aq IC-Aq IC-Aq IC-Aq 

pH Spec. conduct. CaCO3 Cl F NO3 SO4 

S/cm ppm ppm ppm ppm ppm 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 4.9 4070 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 5.0 4910 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 5.1 4930 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 5.2 5280 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 5.1 5220 NA NA NA NA NA 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 8.8 8510 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 7.0 8770 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 7.0 8770 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 7.7 9050 NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 7.6 8900 NA NA NA NA NA 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 4.2 29.8 1.387 1.2 <0.08 1.3 9.1 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 7.3 1040 19.18 281 <0.08 3.1 63 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 7.2 1000 19.9 288 <0.08 3 63 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 8.5 1060 40.34 329 <0.08 1.7 62 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 8.5 1020 39.98 281 <0.08 1.6 56 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT 5.8 0.65 3.988 <0.08 <0.08 <0.08 <1.6 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 7.4 643 8.516 89 <0.08 0.8 9.1 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 7.4 509 11.42 47 <0.08 0.2 5.5 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 7.4 779 8.156 25.4 <0.08 0.2 4.5 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 8.8 1000 26.76 103 <0.08 0.4 6.7 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

50
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

SO4 

mg/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ag 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Al 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

As 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ba 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Be 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Bi 

ug/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 7 <3 7.3 3.7 238 0.1 0.2 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 27 <3 82 16 358 0.2 <0.2 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 30 <3 66 14 281 0.07 <0.2 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 28 <3 55 33 387 0.4 <0.2 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 27 <3 59 29 378 0.5 <0.2 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 374 <3 3.4 7.9 106 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 407 <3 21 11 192 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 424 <3 59 9.5 188 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 428 <3 20 11 159 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 431 <3 11 10 155 <0.05 <0.2 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 22 <3 8.2 <1 2.7 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 70 <3 186 <1 151 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 63 <3 192 2 16 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 67 <3 208 2 53 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 65 <3 267 1 27 <0.05 <0.2 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT 15 <3 2.9 <1 18 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 17 <3 38 <1 160 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 26 <3 67 <1 189 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 22 <3 50 <1 185 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 30 <3 211 2 19 <0.05 <0.2 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 14 <3 16 <1 97 <0.05 <0.2 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 25 <3 152 18 258 0.06 <0.2 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 27 <3 114 20 267 0.2 <0.2 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 34 <3 196 35 404 0.9 <0.2 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 33 <3 91 35 438 0.8 <0.2 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 230 <3 128 3.8 42 4.9 <0.2 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 22 <3 7.6 <1 3 <0.05 <0.2 

51
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ca 

mg/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cd 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ce 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Co 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cr 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cs 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cu 

ug/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 0.38 0.12 0.01 0.06 <1 0.02 1.9 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 29 0.11 0.34 3.7 3.3 0.02 3.3 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 29 0.12 0.29 4.6 3.2 <0.02 1.8 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 104 0.05 1.5 13 7.6 0.02 2 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 81 <0.02 1.3 12 3.8 0.03 1.9 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 52 0.65 <0.01 0.12 4.7 0.12 4.7 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 63 <0.02 0.06 0.1 3.6 0.02 3.4 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 65 0.04 0.06 0.13 1.3 <0.02 4.8 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 77 0.06 0.02 0.28 2 <0.02 2.9 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 79 <0.02 0.02 0.32 2.2 <0.02 3.2 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 0.38 0.03 <0.01 0.04 1.4 <0.02 <0.5 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 8.2 0.14 0.94 0.32 12 <0.02 9.5 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 6.9 <0.02 0.47 0.12 1.9 <0.02 1.4 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 11.9 0.02 1.4 0.23 3.2 <0.02 1.4 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 11.3 0.02 1.3 0.33 2.3 <0.02 0.77 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.2 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 <1 <0.02 <0.5 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 2.1 <0.02 0.06 0.04 <1 <0.02 <0.5 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 3.0 <0.02 0.15 0.43 <1 <0.02 1.3 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 3.1 <0.02 0.16 0.05 <1 <0.02 0.64 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 6.5 0.16 0.89 0.18 <1 <0.02 2.2 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <0.2 0.03 <0.01 0.07 1.3 <0.02 6.3 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 30 0.18 0.24 3.4 3.2 <0.02 2.5 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 31 0.22 0.25 3.5 4.2 <0.02 4.3 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 83 6.8 2.2 16.4 4.8 0.02 8.8 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 84 7.0 2.0 17.3 4.6 <0.02 9.9 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 59 2.0 0.01 3.4 7 <0.02 85 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 12 <0.02 <0.01 <0.02 2.3 <0.02 1 

52
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Dy 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Er 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Eu 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Fe 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ga 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Gd 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ge 

ug/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 0.26 <0.005 <0.005 <50 <0.05 <0.005 <0.05 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP <0.005 0.007 0.03 <50 <0.05 0.06 <0.05 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.03 0.02 0.01 <50 0.06 0.04 0.06 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.16 0.10 0.10 27200 0.1 0.3 0.08 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.18 0.10 0.09 29500 0.1 0.2 <0.05 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <50 <0.05 0.009 <0.05 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 0.01 <0.005 <50 <0.05 0.006 <0.05 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 0.007 <0.005 <50 0.07 0.03 <0.05 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <50 <0.05 0.03 <0.05 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 0.01 <0.005 <50 <0.05 0.01 <0.05 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.005 <0.005 0.008 <50 <0.05 0.02 <0.05 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.04 0.01 0.03 <50 <0.05 0.08 <0.05 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.03 0.006 0.01 <50 0.07 0.04 <0.05 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.1 0.19 0.02 <50 0.09 0.2 <0.05 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.055 0.05 0.03 <50 0.1 0.1 <0.05 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.005 <0.005 0.006 <50 <0.05 0.02 <0.05 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.005 0.01 <0.005 <50 <0.05 0.01 <0.05 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.005 <0.005 0.02 <50 <0.05 0.03 <0.05 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.005 <0.005 0.009 <50 <0.05 0.05 0.05 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.063 0.02 0.02 <50 0.09 0.10 <0.05 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <50 <0.05 <0.005 <0.05 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 0.01 0.01 0.009 <50 <0.05 0.04 <0.05 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 0.006 0.01 0.02 <50 <0.05 0.07 0.07 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 0.28 0.13 0.08 <50 0.2 0.5 0.2 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 0.2 0.19 0.08 <50 0.1 0.6 0.2 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <50 0.05 0.005 <0.05 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 <0.005 <0.005 <0.005 <50 <0.05 <0.005 <0.05 

53
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

CVAFS 

Hg 

ng/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ho 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

K 

mg/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

La 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Li 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Lu 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Mg 

mg/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <15 <0.005 2.3 0.01 5 <0.1 0.06 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP <15 0.01 15.5 0.17 24 <0.1 39 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP <15 0.005 15 0.16 19 <0.1 38 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP <15 0.05 25 0.76 15 <0.1 54 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP <15 0.03 24 0.64 17 <0.1 52 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <15 <0.005 55 0.01 1490 <0.1 152 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <15 <0.005 60 0.04 1340 <0.1 168 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <15 <0.005 62 0.03 1300 <0.1 183 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 70 <0.005 65 0.02 1260 <0.1 175 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <15 <0.005 66 0.01 1300 <0.1 179 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <15 <0.005 0.2 0.02 9.9 <0.1 0.2 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP <15 0.01 10 0.44 <0.9 <0.1 16 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP <15 0.008 9 0.23 <0.9 <0.1 15 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP <15 0.02 15 0.7 <0.9 <0.1 15 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP <15 0.03 14 0.66 <0.9 <0.1 14 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <15 <0.005 0.07 <0.01 <0.9 <0.1 0.02 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <15 <0.005 2.4 0.04 <0.9 <0.1 4.2 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <15 <0.005 4.2 0.09 <0.9 <0.1 6.4 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <15 <0.005 2.7 0.1 <0.9 <0.1 3.9 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT <15 0.01 11 0.54 1 <0.1 9.6 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <15 <0.005 0.4 0.01 8.9 <0.1 0.03 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 <15 0.007 14 0.13 7 <0.1 39 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate <15 0.006 14 0.14 12 <0.1 41 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 <15 0.05 24 1.1 5.4 <0.1 53 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate <15 0.07 24 1.0 12 <0.1 54 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 <0.005 3.6 0.02 29 <0.1 34 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 <0.005 3.3 <0.01 2.3 <0.1 3.0 

54
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Mn 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Mo 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Na 

mg/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Nb 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Nd 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ni 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

P 

mg/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.2 6.3 1400 <0.2 0.02 1.4 <0.01 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 1370 3 1470 <0.2 0.12 4.6 0.3 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 1300 <2 1420 <0.2 0.2 4.8 0.3 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 7500 <2 1440 <0.2 0.99 33 0.1 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 6950 <2 1420 <0.2 0.83 32 0.2 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 9.1 <2 1710 <0.2 0.02 3.5 0.05 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 3.9 6.2 1800 <0.2 0.02 1.2 0.04 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 4 11 1970 7.4 0.06 0.8 0.1 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 1780 8.7 1900 <0.2 0.03 2.1 0.08 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 1840 7.4 1940 <0.2 <0.01 2.5 0.05 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 5.3 <2 3.4 <0.2 <0.01 4 <0.01 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 15 9 182 <0.2 0.46 9.7 <0.01 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 13 5.4 168 <0.2 0.22 4.6 <0.01 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 207 7.2 196 <0.2 0.76 5.3 0.07 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 179 7.2 185 <0.2 0.58 5 0.06 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.2 <2 1.2 <0.2 <0.01 <0.4 <0.01 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 1.2 <2 49 <0.2 0.03 <0.4 <0.01 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 0.2 <2 80 <0.2 0.04 <0.4 <0.01 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 11 <2 43 <0.2 0.09 <0.4 <0.01 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 41 <2 160 <0.2 0.55 5.7 <0.01 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <0.2 <2 1450 <0.2 0.02 1.0 <0.01 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 1430 <2 1520 <0.2 0.17 6.3 0.4 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 1510 <2 1550 <0.2 0.22 6.8 0.4 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 7110 <2 1480 <0.2 1.4 38 0.02 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 7260 <2 1480 <0.2 1.5 39 <0.01 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 7.2 32 122 <0.2 0.02 9.5 0.4 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 0.3 4.8 45 <0.2 <0.01 <0.4 1.2 

55
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Pb 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Pr 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Rb 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sb 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sc 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Se 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

SiO2 

mg/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 0.2 <0.01 0.4 <0.3 <0.6 5.1 <0.2 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 2.9 0.04 7.8 <0.3 <0.6 6.8 5.1 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 2.7 0.03 7.5 <0.3 <0.6 14 4.4 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 9 0.2 13 <0.3 <0.6 6.9 8.8 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 7.6 0.14 12 <0.3 <0.6 5.9 8.5 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 0.1 <0.01 8.2 <0.3 <0.6 52 <0.2 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.1 0.01 14 <0.3 <0.6 53 1.8 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.4 0.01 14 <0.3 <0.6 54 1.5 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.2 0.01 15 <0.3 <0.6 53 3.2 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.2 <0.01 16 <0.3 <0.6 54 3.1 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 0.2 <0.01 <0.01 <0.3 <0.6 4.4 <0.2 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 3.2 0.1 3.9 <0.3 <0.6 7.4 1.7 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.4 0.06 4.0 <0.3 <0.6 6.5 2 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.7 0.2 5.2 <0.3 <0.6 9.7 3.9 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.6 0.2 5.2 <0.3 <0.6 6.4 3.6 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.05 <0.01 <0.01 <0.3 <0.6 3.6 <0.2 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 0.1 0.02 0.8 <0.3 <0.6 4.6 <0.2 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 0.1 0.03 1.6 <0.3 <0.6 6.4 <0.2 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 0.1 0.02 0.9 <0.3 <0.6 3.7 <0.2 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 1.8 0.1 3.7 <0.3 <0.6 7.1 <0.2 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 0.2 <0.01 0.02 <0.3 <0.6 2.7 <0.2 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 3.4 0.05 8.1 <0.3 <0.6 8.3 4.3 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 3.6 0.05 8.5 <0.3 <0.6 5.4 4.9 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 27 0.3 14 <0.3 <0.6 6.7 9.9 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 27 0.3 14 <0.3 <0.6 8.2 9.4 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 8.4 <0.01 2.0 9.1 0.8 5 8 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 <0.05 <0.01 1.0 <0.3 <0.6 <1 4.1 

56
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sm 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sr 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ta 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Tb 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Th 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ti 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Tl 

ug/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.01 30.5 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 <0.5 <0.1 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 0.05 338 <0.02 0.01 <0.2 3 <0.1 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP <0.01 333 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 1.2 <0.1 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.2 620 <0.02 0.04 <0.2 0.5 <0.1 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.2 524 <0.02 0.03 <0.2 1.8 <0.1 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.01 1600 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 5.6 <0.1 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.01 1420 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 5.6 <0.1 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.09 1450 4.3 <0.005 <0.2 25 0.2 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.01 1430 0.7 <0.005 <0.2 14 <0.1 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.01 1450 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 9.6 <0.1 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.01 3 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 3.5 <0.1 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.03 94 <0.02 0.02 <0.2 18 <0.1 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.02 86 <0.02 0.006 <0.2 7.8 <0.1 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.1 102 <0.02 0.01 <0.2 25 <0.1 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.1 99 <0.02 0.02 <0.2 25 <0.1 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.01 <0.5 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 2.2 <0.1 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.01 25 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 3 <0.1 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 0.02 37 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 2.7 <0.1 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.01 28 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 2.8 <0.1 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.06 62 <0.02 0.005 <0.2 8.5 <0.1 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <0.01 1.6 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 <0.5 <0.1 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 <0.01 324 <0.02 0.005 <0.2 3.4 <0.1 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate <0.01 343 <0.02 0.01 <0.2 5 0.4 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 0.6 532 <0.02 0.05 <0.2 5.5 0.2 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 0.3 544 <0.02 0.05 <0.2 <0.5 0.3 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 <0.01 787 0.2 <0.005 <0.2 2.4 2.2 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 <0.01 78 <0.02 <0.005 <0.2 1.4 <0.1 

57
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Tm 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

U 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

V 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

W 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Y 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Yb 

ug/L 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Zn 

ug/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.005 <0.1 <0.5 <0.5 0.04 0.03 283 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP <0.005 <0.1 3.5 <0.5 0.2 0.02 574 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP <0.005 <0.1 3.3 <0.5 0.2 0.03 443 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.01 0.5 5.7 <0.5 1.2 0.08 1140 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.02 0.4 4.9 <0.5 1.1 0.1 1000 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.005 <0.1 0.8 <0.5 0.03 0.01 72 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 <0.1 0.8 <0.5 0.05 0.03 212 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 0.7 3.3 <0.5 0.2 <0.005 208 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 0.7 1.3 <0.5 0.05 <0.005 135 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.005 0.7 1.2 <0.5 0.09 0.005 128 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.005 <0.1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.01 0.01 4 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.005 <0.1 1.9 <0.5 0.3 0.04 101 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP <0.005 <0.1 1.3 <0.5 0.1 0.02 15 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.008 0.3 2.4 <0.5 0.4 0.02 26 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP <0.005 0.4 1.8 <0.5 0.3 0.06 3.6 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.005 <0.1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.01 <0.005 4.2 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.005 <0.1 0.6 <0.5 0.02 <0.005 70 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.005 <0.1 1.5 <0.5 0.06 0.01 94 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.005 <0.1 0.5 <0.5 0.05 0.02 50 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT <0.005 0.5 2.8 <0.5 0.2 0.01 37 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <0.005 <0.1 <0.5 <0.5 <0.01 0.01 125 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 <0.005 <0.1 6.9 <0.5 0.2 0.05 352 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate <0.005 <0.1 6.9 <0.5 0.2 0.03 336 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 0.02 1.2 2.7 <0.5 1.8 0.1 3620 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 0.02 1.1 2.6 <0.5 1.8 0.1 3720 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 <0.005 6.5 39 <0.5 0.04 <0.005 22 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 <0.005 0.3 8 1.8 <0.01 <0.005 <0.5 

58
Table 6. 

6a. Blank, leachate concentrations 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Zr 

ug/L 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.2 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 0.2 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.8 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP <0.2 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.6 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.2 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.2 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.2 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.2 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.2 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.2 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.4 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.3 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 1.0 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 1.1 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.2 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.2 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.2 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 0.4 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.4 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP 1311 <0.2 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP 1311 <0.2 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate 0.2 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP 1311 0.2 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP 1311 duplicate <0.2 

Ref. Standard Standard T-103 0.2 

Ref. Standard2 Standard M-112 <0.2 

59
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description pH Spec. conduct. 

S/cm 

Alkalinity 

CaCO3 

mg/kg 

IC-Aq 

Cl 

mg/kg 

IC-Aq 

F 

mg/kg 

IC-Aq 

NO3 

mg/kg 

IC-Aq 

SO4 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP NA NA 69.35 60 <4 65 455 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP NA NA 959 14050 <4 155 3130 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP NA NA 995 14400 <4 150 3140 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP NA NA 2017 16450 <4 85 3100 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP NA NA 1999 14050 <4 80 2800 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT NA NA 199 <4 <4 <4 <80 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT NA NA 426 4450 <4 40 455 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT NA NA 571 2350 <4 10 275 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT NA NA 407.8 1270 <4 10 225 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT NA NA 1338 5150 <4 20 335 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 

60
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

SO4 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ag 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Al 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

As 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ba 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Be 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Bi 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 350 <0.06 0.1 0.07 4.8 0.002 0.004 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 1350 <0.06 1.6 0.3 7.2 0.004 <0.004 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 1500 <0.06 1.3 0.3 5.6 0.001 <0.004 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 1400 <0.06 1.1 0.7 7.7 0.008 <0.004 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 1350 <0.06 1.2 0.6 7.6 0.01 <0.004 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 18700 <0.06 0.07 0.2 2.1 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 20350 <0.06 0.4 0.2 3.8 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 21200 <0.06 1.2 0.2 3.8 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 21400 <0.06 0.4 0.2 3.2 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 21550 <0.06 0.2 0.2 3.1 <0.001 <0.004 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 1100 <0.06 0.2 <0.02 0.05 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 3500 <0.06 3.7 <0.02 3.0 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 3150 <0.06 3.8 0.04 0.3 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 3350 <0.06 4.2 0.04 1.1 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 3250 <0.06 5.3 0.02 0.5 <0.001 <0.004 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT 750 <0.06 0.06 <0.02 0.4 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 850 <0.06 0.8 <0.02 3.2 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 1300 <0.06 1.3 <0.02 3.8 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 1100 <0.06 1.0 <0.02 3.7 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 1500 <0.06 4.2 0.04 0.4 <0.001 <0.004 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC 700 <0.06 0.3 <0.02 1.9 <0.001 <0.004 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 1250 <0.06 3.0 0.4 5.2 0.001 <0.004 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 1350 <0.06 2.3 0.4 5.3 0.004 <0.004 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 1700 <0.06 3.9 0.7 8.1 0.02 <0.004 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 1650 <0.06 1.8 0.7 8.8 0.02 <0.004 

61
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ca 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cd 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ce 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Co 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cr 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cs 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Cu 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 19 0.002 0.0002 0.001 <0.02 0.0004 0.04 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 1460 0.002 0.007 0.07 0.07 0.0004 0.07 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 1460 0.002 0.006 0.09 0.06 <0.0004 0.04 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 5200 0.001 0.03 0.3 0.2 0.0004 0.04 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 4070 <0.0004 0.03 0.2 0.08 0.0006 0.04 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 2590 0.01 <0.0002 0.002 0.09 0.0024 0.09 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 3145 <0.0004 0.001 0.002 0.07 0.0004 0.07 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 3255 0.0008 0.001 0.003 0.03 <0.0004 0.10 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 3830 0.001 0.0004 0.006 0.04 <0.0004 0.06 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 3945 <0.0004 0.0004 0.006 0.04 <0.0004 0.06 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 19 0.0006 <0.0002 0.0008 0.03 <0.0004 <0.01 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 412 0.003 0.02 0.006 0.2 <0.0004 0.2 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 346 <0.0004 0.009 0.002 0.04 <0.0004 0.03 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 595 0.0004 0.03 0.005 0.06 <0.0004 0.03 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 565 0.0004 0.03 0.007 0.05 <0.0004 0.02 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <10 <0.0004 <0.0002 <0.0004 <0.02 <0.0004 <0.01 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 104 <0.0004 0.001 0.0008 <0.02 <0.0004 <0.01 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 151 <0.0004 0.003 0.0086 <0.02 <0.0004 0.03 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 157 <0.0004 0.003 0.001 <0.02 <0.0004 0.01 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 327 0.003 0.02 0.004 <0.02 <0.0004 0.04 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <10 0.0006 <0.0002 0.001 0.03 <0.0004 0.1 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 1485 0.004 0.005 0.07 0.06 <0.0004 0.05 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 1540 0.004 0.005 0.07 0.08 <0.0004 0.09 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 4130 0.1 0.04 0.3 0.10 0.0004 0.2 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 4215 0.1 0.04 0.3 0.09 <0.0004 0.2 

62
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Dy 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Er 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Eu 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Fe 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ga 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Gd 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ge 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 0.005 <0.0001 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 <0.0001 <0.001 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0001 0.0001 0.0006 <1 <0.001 0.001 <0.001 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.0006 0.0004 0.0002 <1 0.001 0.0008 0.001 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.003 0.002 0.002 544 0.002 0.006 0.002 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.004 0.002 0.002 590 0.002 0.005 <0.001 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 0.0002 <0.001 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 0.0002 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 0.0001 <0.001 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 0.0001 <0.0001 <1 0.0014 0.0006 <0.001 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 0.0006 <0.001 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 0.0002 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 0.0002 <0.001 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0002 <1 <0.001 0.0004 <0.001 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.0008 0.0002 0.0006 <1 <0.001 0.002 <0.001 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.0006 0.0001 0.0002 <1 0.001 0.0008 <0.001 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.002 0.004 0.0004 <1 0.002 0.003 <0.001 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.001 0.001 0.0006 <1 0.002 0.002 <0.001 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0001 <1 <0.001 0.0004 <0.001 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 0.0002 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 0.0002 <0.001 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0004 <1 <0.001 0.0006 <0.001 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.0001 0.0002 <1 <0.001 0.001 0.001 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.001 0.0004 0.0004 <1 0.002 0.002 <0.001 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0001 <0.0001 <0.0001 <1 <0.001 <0.0001 <0.001 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.0002 0.0002 0.0002 <1 <0.001 0.0008 <0.001 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.0001 0.0002 0.0004 <1 <0.001 0.0014 0.001 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.006 0.003 0.002 <1 0.004 0.01 0.004 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.004 0.004 0.002 <1 0.002 0.01 0.004 

63
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

CVAFS 

Hg 

mg/Kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ho 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

K 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

La 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Li 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Lu 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Mg 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.0003 <0.0001 117 0.0002 0.1 <0.002 0.001 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0003 0.0002 775 0.003 0.5 <0.002 0.8 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0003 0.0001 750 0.003 0.4 <0.002 0.8 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0003 0.001 1230 0.02 0.3 <0.002 1.1 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0003 0.0006 1210 0.01 0.3 <0.002 1.0 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.0003 <0.0001 2760 0.0002 30 <0.002 3.0 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0003 <0.0001 2990 0.0008 27 <0.002 3.4 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0003 <0.0001 3075 0.0006 26 <0.002 3.7 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.001 <0.0001 3255 0.0004 25 <0.002 3.5 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0003 <0.0001 3295 0.0002 26 <0.002 3.6 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.0003 <0.0001 10 0.0004 0.2 <0.002 0.004 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP <0.0003 0.0002 499 0.009 <0.018 <0.002 0.3 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP <0.0003 0.0002 467 0.005 <0.018 <0.002 0.3 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP <0.0003 0.0004 735 0.01 <0.018 <0.002 0.3 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP <0.0003 0.0006 710 0.01 <0.018 <0.002 0.3 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.0003 <0.0001 3.5 <0.0002 <0.018 <0.002 0.0004 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.0003 <0.0001 119 0.0008 <0.018 <0.002 0.08 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.0003 <0.0001 209 0.002 <0.018 <0.002 0.1 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.0003 <0.0001 133 0.002 <0.018 <0.002 0.08 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT <0.0003 0.0002 570 0.01 0.02 <0.002 0.2 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0003 <0.0001 18 0.0002 0.2 <0.002 0.0006 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0003 0.0001 685 0.003 0.1 <0.002 0.8 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate <0.0003 0.0001 715 0.003 0.2 <0.002 0.8 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0003 0.001 1190 0.02 0.1 <0.002 1.1 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate <0.0003 0.001 1190 0.02 0.2 <0.002 1.1 

64
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Mn 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Mo 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Na 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Nb 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Nd 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ni 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

P 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.004 0.1 70000 <0.004 0.0004 0.03 <0.5 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 27 0.06 73500 <0.004 0.002 0.09 15 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 26 <0.04 71000 <0.004 0.004 0.10 15 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 150 <0.04 72000 <0.004 0.02 0.7 5 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 139 <0.04 71000 <0.004 0.02 0.6 10 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 0.2 <0.04 85500 <0.004 0.0004 0.07 2.5 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.08 0.1 90000 <0.004 0.0004 0.02 2.0 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.08 0.2 98500 0.1 0.001 0.02 5.0 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 36 0.2 95000 <0.004 0.0006 0.04 4.0 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 37 0.1 97000 <0.004 <0.0002 0.05 2.5 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 0.1 <0.04 168 <0.004 <0.0002 0.08 <0.5 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.3 0.2 9100 <0.004 0.009 0.2 <0.5 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.3 0.1 8400 <0.004 0.004 0.09 <0.5 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 4.1 0.1 9800 <0.004 0.02 0.1 3.5 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 3.6 0.1 9250 <0.004 0.01 0.1 3.0 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.004 <0.04 59 <0.004 <0.0002 <0.008 <0.5 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 0.02 <0.04 2435 <0.004 0.0006 <0.008 <0.5 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 0.004 <0.04 4005 <0.004 0.0008 <0.008 <0.5 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 0.2 <0.04 2130 <0.004 0.002 <0.008 <0.5 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.8 <0.04 8000 <0.004 0.01 0.1 <0.5 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.004 <0.04 72500 <0.004 0.0004 0.02 <0.5 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 29 <0.04 76000 <0.004 0.003 0.1 20 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 30 <0.04 77500 <0.004 0.004 0.1 20 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 142 <0.04 74000 <0.004 0.03 0.8 1.0 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 145 <0.04 74000 <0.004 0.03 0.8 <0.5 

65
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Pb 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Pr 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Rb 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sb 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sc 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Se 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

SiO2 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP 0.004 <0.0002 0.008 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 <10 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 0.06 0.0008 0.2 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 255 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.05 0.0006 0.2 <0.006 <0.012 0.3 220 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.2 0.004 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 440 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.2 0.003 0.2 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 425 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water 0.002 <0.0002 0.2 <0.006 <0.012 1.0 <10 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.002 0.0002 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 1.1 90 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.008 0.0002 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 1.1 75 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.004 0.0002 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 1.1 160 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.004 <0.0002 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 1.1 155 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP 0.004 <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.006 <0.012 0.09 <10 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.06 0.003 0.08 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 85 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.008 0.001 0.08 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 100 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.01 0.004 0.1 <0.006 <0.012 0.2 195 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.01 0.003 0.1 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 180 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.001 <0.0002 <0.0002 <0.006 <0.012 0.07 <10 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT 0.002 0.0004 0.02 <0.006 <0.012 0.09 <10 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 0.002 0.0006 0.03 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 <10 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 0.002 0.0004 0.02 <0.006 <0.012 0.07 <10 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.04 0.002 0.07 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 <10 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.004 <0.0002 0.0004 <0.006 <0.012 0.05 <10 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.07 0.001 0.2 <0.006 <0.012 0.2 215 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.07 0.001 0.2 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 245 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.5 0.006 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 0.1 495 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.5 0.006 0.3 <0.006 <0.012 0.2 470 

66
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sm 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Sr 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ta 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Tb 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Th 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Ti 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Tl 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.0002 0.6 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 <0.01 <0.002 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 0.001 6.8 <0.0004 0.0002 <0.004 0.06 <0.002 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0002 6.7 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.02 <0.002 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.004 12 <0.0004 0.0008 <0.004 0.01 <0.002 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.004 10 <0.0004 0.0006 <0.004 0.04 <0.002 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.0002 32 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.1 <0.002 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0002 28 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.1 <0.002 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water 0.002 29 0.09 <0.0001 <0.004 0.5 0.004 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0002 29 0.01 <0.0001 <0.004 0.3 <0.002 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0002 29 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.2 <0.002 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.0002 0.06 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.07 <0.002 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.0006 1.9 <0.0004 0.0004 <0.004 0.4 <0.002 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.0004 1.7 <0.0004 0.0001 <0.004 0.2 <0.002 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.003 2.0 <0.0004 0.0002 <0.004 0.5 <0.002 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.003 2.0 <0.0004 0.0004 <0.004 0.5 <0.002 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.0002 <0.01 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.04 <0.002 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.0002 0.5 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.06 <0.002 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT 0.0004 0.7 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.05 <0.002 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.0002 0.6 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 0.06 <0.002 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.001 1.2 <0.0004 0.0001 <0.004 0.2 <0.002 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0002 0.03 <0.0004 <0.0001 <0.004 <0.01 <0.002 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0002 6.5 <0.0004 0.0001 <0.004 0.07 <0.002 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate <0.0002 6.9 <0.0004 0.0002 <0.004 0.1 0.008 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.01 10.6 <0.0004 0.001 <0.004 0.1 0.004 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.006 10.9 <0.0004 0.001 <0.004 <0.01 0.006 

67
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Tm 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

U 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

V 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

W 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Y 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Yb 

mg/kg 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Zn 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.0001 <0.002 <0.01 <0.01 0.0008 0.0006 5.7 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0001 <0.002 0.07 <0.01 0.004 0.0004 11 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP <0.0001 <0.002 0.07 <0.01 0.003 0.0006 8.9 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP 0.0002 0.010 0.1 <0.01 0.02 0.002 23 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.0004 0.008 0.10 <0.01 0.02 0.0022 20 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.0001 <0.002 0.02 <0.01 0.0006 0.0002 1.4 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 <0.002 0.02 <0.01 0.001 0.0006 4.2 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 0.01 0.07 <0.01 0.004 <0.0001 4.2 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 0.01 0.03 <0.01 0.001 <0.0001 2.7 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.0001 0.01 0.02 <0.01 0.002 0.0001 2.6 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.0001 <0.002 <0.01 <0.01 <0.0002 0.0002 0.08 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.0001 <0.002 0.04 <0.01 0.005 0.0008 2.0 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP <0.0001 <0.002 0.03 <0.01 0.002 0.0004 0.3 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.0002 0.006 0.05 <0.01 0.007 0.0004 0.5 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP <0.0001 0.007 0.04 <0.01 0.006 0.001 0.07 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.002 <0.01 <0.01 <0.0002 <0.0001 0.08 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.002 0.01 <0.01 0.0004 <0.0001 1.4 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.002 0.03 <0.01 0.001 0.0002 1.9 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 <0.002 0.01 <0.01 0.001 0.0004 1.0 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT <0.0001 0.009 0.06 <0.01 0.005 0.0002 0.7 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0001 <0.002 <0.01 <0.01 <0.0002 0.0002 2.5 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.0001 <0.002 0.1 <0.01 0.004 0.001 7.0 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate <0.0001 <0.002 0.1 <0.01 0.004 0.0006 6.7 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.0004 0.02 0.05 <0.01 0.04 0.003 72 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.0004 0.02 0.05 <0.01 0.04 0.002 74 

68
6b. Data recalculated as 

mg leached per kg of solid 

(wet weight) 

NA = not analyzed 

Field ID Analysis Description 

ICPMS_LEACH 

Zr 

mg/kg 

Blank USGS TCLP Modified TCLP <0.004 

Chalmette 1-USGS Modified TCLP 0.004 

Chalmette1D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.02 

Chalmette 2-USGS Modified TCLP <0.004 

Chalmette2D-USGS Modified TCLP 0.01 

BlkUSGS SimBrac Simulated brackish water <0.004 

Chalm 1-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.004 

Chalm 1D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.004 

Chalm 2-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.004 

Chalm 2D-USGS Simulated brackish water <0.004 

Blank USGS SPLP Modified SPLP <0.004 

Chalme 1-USGS Modified SPLP 0.008 

Chalme 1D-USGS Modified SPLP 0.006 

Chalmette 2USGS Modified SPLP 0.02 

Chalm 2DUSGS Modified SPLP 0.02 

Blank USGS FLT USGS FLT <0.004 

Chalm 1USGS USGS FLT <0.004 

Chalm1D-USGS USGS FLT <0.004 

Chalm2-USGS USGS FLT 0.008 

Chalm2D-USGS USGS FLT 0.008 

Blank NEIC-TCLP TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.004 

Chalmette1-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC <0.004 

Chalmette1D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate 0.004 

Chalmette2-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC 0.004 

Chalmette2D-NEIC TCLP EPA-NEIC-duplicate <0.004 

69
Target Sterols Concentration in sample (ug/g)* 

Chalmette 1 Chalmette 2 

Table 7. Sterol analytical results for samples Chalmette 1 and Chalmette 2, analyzed by the USGS GD Coastal and Marine Geology 

laboratory, Menlo Park, CA. Contact: Bob Rosenbauer, brosenbauer@usgs.gov. 

Compound 

Coprostanol 

Epicoprostanol 

22-

Dehydrocholesterol 

Cholesterol 

Desmosterol 

Brassicasterol 

Ergosterol 

Stigmasterol 

beta-Sitosterol 

Stigmastastanol 

Synonym 

5-beta-cholestan-3-beta-ol 

5-beta-cholestan-3-alpha-ol 

cholesta-5,22E-dien-3b-ol 

cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol 

5,24-cholestadien-3-beta-ol 

24-methylcholesta-5,22E-dien-3-

beta-ol 

24-methylcholesta-5,7,22trien-3-

beta-ol 

24-ethylcholesta-5,22Edien-3-

beta-ol 

24-ethylcholest-5-en-3-beta-ol 

24-ethylcholestan-3-beta-ol 

Possible Source 

sewage, fecal 

sewage, fecal 

zoo- or 

phytoplankton 

animals (e.g., 

mollusca, crustacea, 

zooplankton) 

cholesterol precursor 

diatoms/dinoflagellat 

es 

fungi/decaying plant 

matter 

typically attributed to 

higher plants 

typically attributed to 

higher plants 

typically attributed to 

higher plants 

Reference 

Chou and Liu (2004) 

Chou and Liu (2004) 

Jeng and Huh (2001, 

2004) and references 

therein 

Jeng and Huh (2001, 

2004) and references 

therein 

Jeng and Huh (2001, 

2004) and references 

therein 

Jeng and Huh (2001, 

2004) and references 

therein 

Gessner and Newell 

(2002) 

Matsumoto et al. 

(2001), and references 

therein 

Matsumoto et al. 

(2001), and references 

therein 

Matsumoto et al. 

(2001), and references 

therein 

wet 

0.04 

0.04 

0.20 

1.5 

0.80 

0.30 

0.14 

1.2 

2.3 

2.1 

dry** 

0.17 

0.15 

0.80 

6.1 

3.2 

1.2 

0.57 

4.8 

9.1 

8.4 

wet 

0.05 

0.03 

0.33 

2.0 

0.69 

0.50 

0.26 

1.5 

5.7 

1.7 

dry** 

0.13 

0.08 

0.83 

4.9 

1.7 

1.2 

0.64 

3.8 

14.3 

4.3 

*detection limit: 1 ug/ml injected or 0.01 ug/g sediment (wet) 

**Based on water content: 75% (Chalmette 1) & 59.8% (Chalmette 2) 

70
Target PAH's Concentration in sample (ug/g)* 

Chalmette 1 Chalmette 2 

Table 8. PAH analytical results from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology laboratory, Menlo Park, CA. Contact: Bob Rosenbauer, brosenbauer@usgs.gov 

Compound wet dry** Qvalue wet dry** Qvalue Carcinogenicity Criteria*** 

Naphthalene 0.005 0.021 15.0 0.006 0.015 15 NC 0.01 

Acenaphthylene ND ND NA 0.003 0.009 100 NC 0.15 

Acenaphthene ND ND NA 0.009 0.021 78 NC 

Fluorene 0.005 0.021 43 0.012 0.030 88 NC 0.2 

Phenanthrene 0.022 0.090 100 0.056 0.14 100 NC 0.04 

Anthracene 0.026 0.10 100 0.017 0.043 100 NC 0.6 

Fluoranthene 0.039 0.16 100 0.16 0.40 100 NC 2 

Pyrene 0.028 0.11 100 0.14 0.35 100 NC 

Benzo[a]anthracene 0.016 0.066 95 0.062 0.15 89 C 0.2 

Chrysene 0.016 0.066 95 0.064 0.16 89 WC 0.2 

Benzo[b]fluoranthene 0.034 0.14 71 0.092 0.23 98 C 

Benzo[k]fluoranthene 0.013 0.052 55 0.054 0.13 96 C 

Benzo[a]pyrene 0.11 0.44 96 0.075 0.19 98 SC 0.06 

Indendo[1,2,3-cd]pyrene 0.016 0.062 76 0.058 0.14 93 C 

Dibenzo[a,h]anthracene ND ND NA 0.016 0.041 19 C 

Benzo[ghi]perylene 0.011 0.045 76 0.041 0.10 98 NC 

2-methylnaphthalene 0.003 0.014 85 0.003 0.009 89 NC 

1-methylnaphthalene 0.004 0.017 92 0.003 0.009 98 NC 

1,5-dimethylnaphthlene 0.001 0.003 38 0.001 0.002 50 NC 

2-methylphenanthrene 0.012 0.048 98 0.060 0.15 97 NC 

3,6-dimethylphenanthrene 0.009 0.034 100 0.052 0.13 100 NC 

7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene 0.002 0.007 90 0.001 0.002 1 SC 

benzo(e)pyrene 0.018 0.072 92 0.060 0.15 97 NC 

perylene 0.088 0.35 99 0.18 0.45 97 NC 

NA: Not Applicable

Qvalue: Qualifier ratio satisfaction

*detection limit: .01 ug/ml injected or 0.001 ug/g sediment (wet)

**Based on water content: 75% (Chalmette 1) & 59.8% (Chalmette 2)

Carcinogenicity: NC = non-carcinogenic; WC = weakly carcinogenic; C = carcinogenic; SC = strongly carcinogenic. (from Neff, 1979; Rugen and others, 1989; USPHS, 1990)

***recommended sediment quality criteria (ug/g dry sediment) based on 1% organic matter (proposed by Washington Dept. of Ecology, 2005)

71
Table 9. Aliphatic analytical results from the USGS Coastal 

and Marine Geology laboratory, Menlo Park, CA. Contact: Bob 

Rosenbauer, brosenbauer@usgs.gov 

Target n-alkanes Concentration in sample (ng/g)* 

Chalmette 1 Chalmette 2 

compound wet dry** wet dry** 

C11 62 247 ND ND 

C12 61 245 ND ND 

C13 69 277 ND ND 

C14 14 56 12 29 

C15 40 162 43 107 

C16 68 272 59 146 

C17 374 1496 224 558 

pristane 124 497 75 186 

C18 142 567 81 202 

phytane 118 472 91 226 

C19 171 683 87 217 

C20 146 584 79 196 

C21 180 718 96 238 

C22 147 588 67 166 

C23 182 729 102 254 

C24 157 629 75 186 

C25 288 1152 171 424 

C26 241 964 65 161 

C27 709 2837 457 1137 

C28 267 1067 141 351 

C29 896 3586 1101 2738 

C30 338 1352 334 832 

C31 818 3273 1380 3432 

C32 120 478 128 319 

C33 363 1451 501 1247 

ND: Not Detected

*detection limit: 100 ng/ml injected or 10 ng/g sediment (wet)

**Based on water content: 75% (Chalmette 1) & 59.8% (Chalmette 2)

72
Table 10. Forms of sulfur. Analyst- Cyrus Berry, cberry@usgs.gov 

Chalmette 1, 

freeze-dried from 

wet 

Chalmette 1 wet 

(recalc. to dry 

weight) 

Chalmette 2, freezedried from wet 

Chalmette 2 wet 

(recalc. to dry 

weight) 

wt % wt % 

Acid-volatile 

sulfides 0.01 0.13 0.01 0.16 

Acid/H2O soluble 

sulfates 0.12 0.10 0.07 0.02 

Disulfides 0.96 0.97 0.40 0.36 

Total extractable 

sulfur 1.09 1.19 0.48 0.54 

73
Chalmette 1 Chalmette 2 

Table 11. Net acid production. Contact: Phil Hageman, phageman@usgs.gov. This test was 

developed to estimate the amount of calcium carbonate that would need to be added to a ton 

of sulfide-containing mine wastes to neutralize all of the acid generated by oxidation of pyrite 

and other sulfides (Lapakko and Lawrence, 1993) 

Air-dried in hood from wet 

sample 

Kg CaCO3/ton Kg CaCO3/ton 

31 0.1 

Note: For comparison, results for Chalmette 1 are in the upper quartile of NAP for all mine 

wastes analyzed by this USGS laboratory. 

74