United States 

Department of 

Agricutture 

Forest Service South Carolina's Industrial 

Timber Products Output, 

Southeastern Forest 

Experiment Station 1977-1 981 

Resource Bulletin 

SE-71 

John B. Tansey 
So~rheasrern Foresr Expenmenr Srar~nn 

200 heaver Bavd 

Asnev~l~c. honh Carol na 28804 
South Carolina's Industrial Timber 

Products Output, 1977-1 981 

John 6. Tansey. Forester 

Forest Inventory and Analysis 

Ashevilie. North Carolina 

ABSTRACT 

The output of industrial timber products from South Carolina's forests 

amounted to 506.9 mill ion cubic feet in 

1981, 5 percent less than in 1977. An increase in output from softwood roundwood 

of almost 2.8 mi l l ion cubic feet was more 

than offset by a decrease in hardwood 

roundwood output of more than 5.8 mi l lion 

cubic feet. Pulpwood was the leading 

roundwood product in the State throughout 

the period, fol lowed by saw iogs and then 

veneer iogs. The trend toward complete 

uti l ization of plant byproducts continued, with the volume of unused plant 

residues dropping from over 7.5 million 

cubic feet in 1977 to only 1.3 million 

cubic feet in 1981. 

Keywords: Roundwood receipts, roundwood 

output, plant byproducts, ,residues, wood 

movement. 

In 1978 the iJSDA Forest Service completed its fifth evaluation of South Carolina's forest resources. This evaluation 

provided an estimate of the total timber 

removals and net growth for 1977 and a 

measure of the growing-stock inventory as 

of January 1978 (table 1). Since the previous inventory in 1968, growing-stock 

volume had increased over 29 percent, net 

annual growth had increased 47 percent, 

and annual removals had increased 12 percent. ' Growth and removal statistics are 

indicators of future opportunities and 

problems with the forest resource. Knowledge: bf the growth-removal relationship 

I~ni~ht, Herbert A.; McCiure, Joe P. 

Sout3 Carolina's forests. Resour. Bull. 

SE-51. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of 

Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern 

Forest Experiment Station; 1979. 66 P. 

Table 1.--Results of the 1978 Forest Inventory and 

Analysis Survey of South Carolina 

Item 1 Softwood : Hardwood 

Million cubic feet 

1978 Growing-stock inventory 8,927.1 8,253.3 

1977 Growing-stock net growth 617.7 345.6 

1977 Growing-stock removals: 

Industrial products outgut 315.8 75.4 

Fuelwood .6 15.3 

Logging residues 25.3 27.2 

Other removalsa 18.8 21.5 

Total removals 360.5 135.4 

a Includes land clearing and timber stand 

improvement. 

is crucial to forest industries when examining current situations and analyzing 

potential procurement areas. Between detailed timber survevs. *. which are made at 

approximately 10-year intervals in Southeastern States, removal data can be supplemented by annual timber drain data to 

give a better picture of current activity. 

One of the easiest ways to collect such 

State information is to conduct periodic 

canvasses of primary wood-using plants to 

determine the amount and source of their 

receipts. Since 1972, such studies have 

been conducted annually in South Carolina 

by the South Carolina State Commission of 

Forestry and the Cooperative Extension 

Service at Clernson University to determine the volume and source of all industrial timber products produced by region 

and county (fig. 1). Through these studies, along with a yearly pulpwood production study, annual changes in timber 

products output can be monitored. This 

Resource Bulletin reports results of Canvasses in South Carolina for 1977 through 

1981. The data presented here have significance beyond indications of changes 
1 I 

Figure 1. -Forest survey regions in South Carolina. 

in timber drain from the State's forests have ended. In 1981, there were 117 mills 

because of the period covered. During operating in the State, only two less 

this time the economy experienced a major than in 1977, despite soft markets for 

recession, with the homebuilding industry construction lumber (table 2). Between 

being particularly hard hit. As a result, 1977 and 1931, annual softwood saw-log 

long-term trends in the output of some receipts increased by 2.2 million cubic 

timber products were temporarily altered. feet to 122.0 million cubic feet, while 

annual hardwood saw-log receipts declined 

Numbers of Mills from 41.5 to 34.8 million cubic feet 

Throughout the South, numbers of saw- (table 3) . mills have been declining for many years. Between 1967 and 1976, two new pulpMany small mills have closed and heen re- mills were constructed in South Carolina. 

placed by fewer mills with larger capaci- No new mills were added between then and 

ties. Between 1967 and 1976, the number 1981, and daily pulping capacity declined 

of sawmills in South Carolina declined by by slirjhtly less than 3 percent to 7,700 

107.' That long-term trend appears to tons per day. 3 

2~elch, Richard L.; Beliamy, Thomas R. A 

3~utchins, Cecil C., Jr. Southern pulp- 10-year analysis of South Carolina's industrial timber products output. Resour. wood production, 1981. Resour. Bull. 

SE-66. Asheville, NC: U.S. Department of Bull. SE-48. Asheville, NC: U.S. Depart- Agriculture, Forest Service, Southeastern ment of Agriculture, Forest Service, 

Southeastern Forest Experiment Station; Forest Experiment Station; 1982. 24 p. 
The number of veneer mills also 

changed little after 1976. 'IWenty-three 

veneer mills were operating in South Carolina in 1977, 25 in 1980, and 22 in 1981. 

softwood veneer receipts peaked in 1978 

at 39.9 million cubic feet and then declined to 33.9 million cubic feet in 1981. 

Hardwood receipts also peaked in 1978 at 

10.7 million cubic feet and reached a low 

of 6.7 million cubic feet in 1981. 

Table 2.--Number of primary wood-using plants, by 

industry, 1977-1981, South Carolina 

Industry 1977 1578 j 1979 i 1930 i 1981 

- - - - Number of plants - - - 

Sawmills 119 121 128 126 117 

Veneer mills 23 25 24 25 22 

Other miscellaneous 5 5 4 4 6 

All plants 154 158 163 162 152 

Changes in Timber Use 

A trend toward total-tree utilization 

continued. An increasing voluine of harvested material that could not be used 

for a primary product due to defect or 

size limitations was converted directly 

into a hyproduct--mainly pulpwood chips. 

The volume of roundwood chips used for 

fiber peaked in 1977 at 51.3 million 

cubic Eeet (table 9), more than double 

the volume of 1976. The volume of roundwood chips declined after 1977 to a low 

of 34.4 million cubic feet in 1980 but 

increased again in 1981 to 44.8 million 

cubic feet. 

Between 1967 and 1977, the volume of 

growing-stock removals utilized for industrial products increased 19 percent. 

During the same period, the output of industrial timber products from roundwood 

increased 28 percent, suggesting improved 

timber utilization and greater use of 

timber not included in the growing-stock 

inventory. In 1967, cull trees, dead 

trees,, tops, limbs, saplings, and material 'cut outside the commercial forests 

provided only 21.0 million cubic feet, or 

6 percent of the industrial product output. In 1977, this same material provided 

58 million cubic feet, or 13 percent of 

the industrial product output (see footnote 1). Use of this type material for 

timber products extends the supplies of 

growing stock. 

Industrial Timber Products Output 

During the study period the largest 

output of industrial timber products from 

South Carolina's forests occurred in 1979, 

when over 566.5 million cubic feet were 

produced (tables 4 and 8). By 1981 this 

volume had dropped to 506.9 million cubic 

feet, 5 percent below the 1977 output. 

Softwood roundwood output reached a 

high of 358.5 million cubic feet in 1981 ; 

however, output from plant byproducts was 

only 50.0 million cubic feet, making the 

total output of 408.5 million cubic feet 

the lowest of the period. 

Hardwood roundwood output was highest 

in 1978, with the production of over 

106.2 million cubic feet of industrial 

timber products. It declined in 1981 to a 

low of 88.1 million cubic feet. Output 

from hardwood plant byproducts was greatest in 1980, when 15.3 million cubic feet 

were utilized as industrial timber groducts, and lowest in 1981, when 10.3 million cubic feet were utilized. 

Pulpwood accounted for an average of 

55 percent of the State's product output 

during the period. Production of pulpwood 

peaked in 1979 at around 304.5 million 

cubic feet, and declined thereafter, 

reaching a low of 284.8 million cubic 

feet in 1981. The percentage of pulpwood 

from plant hyproducts increased from 22 

percent in 1977 to 27 percent, or 83.6 

million cubic feet, in 1979. Softwoods 

contributed around 80 percent to the 

annual pulpwood production throughout the 

period. 

Sawn product output was also greatest 

in 1979--194.6 million cubic feet--and 

decreased to 163.7 million cubic feet in 

1981 . Roundwood output showed a net gain 

of 3.2 million cubic feet between 1977 

and 1981, but this gain was offset by a 

decrease of 5.1 million cubic feet in the 

volume of sawn products produced from residues. In 1978, the volume of sawn industrial products manufactured from residues 

peaked at 10.0 million cubic feet but 

steadily decreased until 1981, when it 

reached zero. During the period, the volume of both softwood and hardwood sawn 

products contributed around 33 percent of 

the total industrial product output, not 

varying by more tban 2 percent in any 

year. 

The output of veneer logs was greatest 

in 1978, when 53.9 million cubic feet 
were produced. Veneer-log output was lowest in 1980, when 42.1 million cubic feet 

were produced. Between 1977 and 1981, the 

output of veneer logs declined by 8 percent for softwoods and 2 percent for 

hardwoods. During the study period, 

veneer-log production contributed an 

average of 9 percent of the total volume 

of industrial product output. 

The output of other industrial products, which include poles, pilings, fenceposts, and raw material for the particleboard industry, was greatest in 1977 at 

23 million cubic feet and gradually declined to a low of 13 million cubic feet 

in 1981. Softwoods made up 99 percent of 

the output in 1977 and 96 percent in 

1981. Residues accounted for more than 

half of the total miscellaneous product 

output throughout tine period. 

Residue Use 

The volume of unused plant residues 

continued to decline in South Carolina 

due to increased use as fuelwood and for 

miscellaneous industrial products (table 

12). In 1977, the total volume of residues (including bark) produced in the 

manufacture of primary timber products 

equaled 152.6 million cubic feet. Of this 

volume, 83.6 mill-ion cubic feet were utilized in the further manufacture of industrial timber products; this volume 

represented 16 percent of the total industrial timher products output for the 

year. An additional 56.7 million cubic 

feet were utilized for fuel, 4.7 million 

cubic feet were used as other products 

such as mulching, and 7.5 million cubic 

feet, or about 5 percent of the total 

residues produced, were unused. Fifty-two 

percent of these unutilized residues consisted of shavings and sawdust, 43 percent consisted of hark, and only 5 percent consisted of coarse inaterials such 

as slabs, edgings, and veneer cores. Over 

97 percent came from the manufacture of 

lumber, and 3 percent from veneer and 

other miscellaneous industrial products 

(table 13). In 1981 t5e total volume of 

resirlues produced was 133.9 million cubic 

feet, including bark. Of this volume, 

60.4 million cubic feet, or 12 percent of 

the total industrial timher products output, were utilized in the further manufacture of industrial timher products. An 

additonal 66.2 million cubic feet were 

utilized as fuel and 6.0 million cubic 

feet were used as other products. Only 

1.3 million cubic feet, less than 1 percent of the total residues roduced, were 

not utilized. Fifty-three percent of 

these unutilized residues consisted of 

shavings and sawdust, 31 percent consisted of bark, and 16 percent consisted of 

coarse materials. About two-thirds of the 

unused residues came from the manufacture 

of lumber, and the remaining one-third 

from the manufacture of veneer. 

Regional Trends 

Southern Coastal Plain. Between 1977 

and 1981, roundwood output in the 12 

counties of South Carolina's Southern 

Coastal Plain increased from 119 million 

cubic feet to 134 miJ.lion cubic feet, or 

by 13 percent (table 5). Increases were 

seen in the output of all products except 

miscellaneous industrial products. Output 

of saw logs and veneer logs peaked in 

1979, while pulpwood production peaked in 

1981. In both 1977 and 1981, pulpwood 

contrihuted 47 percent to the region's 

industrial product ontput, while saw logs 

contrihuted 43 percent. Veneer-log output 

fluctuated little, contributing 8 percent 

to tlle region's total in 1977 and 9 percent in 1981. Other miscellaneous industrial products contrihuted 2 percent in 

1977 and 1 percent in 1981. Almost 78 

percent of the 1981 roundwood output was 

softwood. 

The Southern Coastal Plain produced 27 

percent of the State's round pulpwood, 35 

percent of tlle saw logs, 26 percent of 

the veneer logs, and 38 ,percent of the 

roundwood used for other industrial products in 1981 . Northern Coastal Plain. Between 1977 

and 1981, roundwood output in the 16 

counties of South Carolina's Northern 

Coastal Plain decreased by 9 percent from 

165 million cubic feet to 150 million 

cubic feet (table 6). A slight increase 

in saw-log output was rnore than offset by 

losses in outputs of veneer logs, pulpwood, and other miscellaneous industrial 

products. Saw-log output was greatest in 

1979, while veneer and pulpwood outputs 

were greatest in 1978. The output of miscellaneous industrial products was greatest in 1977. The region contributed 37 

percent to the State's roundwood output 

in 1977 and 34 percent in 1981. Approximately 78 percent of the 1981 roundwood 
output was softwood, with pulpwood comprising 47 percent of the total, saw logs 

39 percent, veneer logs 12 percent, and 

other industrial products 2 percent. 

Although five of South Carolina's 

seven pulpmills (fig. 2) are located in 

the Northern Coastal Plain, only 30 percent of the State's round pulpwood was 

cut here. The region also provided 41 

percent of South Carolina's veneer logs, 

36 percent of its saw logs, and almost 58 

percent of the roundwood used for other 

industrial products in 1981. The Northern 

Coastal Plain contained 12 of the State's 

22 veneer mills, 32 percent of its sawmills, and two-thirds of its miscellaneous product mills. 

Piedmont. Between 1977 and 1981, 

roundwood output in the 18 counties of 

South Carolina's Piedmont region decreased by less than 2 percent from 166 

million cubic feet (the largest volume 

produced during the period) to 163 

mlllion cubic feet (table 7). Although 

softwood outpnt increased by over 3 percent, hardwood output decreased by over 

23 percent. Softwoods made up between 81 

percent (in 1977) and 85 percent (in 

1981 ) of the total output throughout the 

period. Both saw-log and pulpwood output 

decreased slightly, while veneer-log and 

other miscellaneous product output increased, reaching a high for the period 

in 1981. Saw-log output was greatest in 

1978 and pulpwood output greatest in 

1977. In 1977, the region contributed 37 

percent to the State's total roundwood 

output. In 1981 this figure had decreased 

slightly to 36 percent. 

In 1981, pulpwood accounted for 62 

percent of the region's industrial product output, while saw logs contributed 29 

percent, and veneer logs 9 percent. Other 

industrial products contributed less than 

1 percent. These percentages were very 

similar to those of 1977. 

Figure 2.-Location of primary wood-using industries in South Carolina, 1981 
More than 43 percent of the State's 

round pulpwood output was produced in the 

Piedmont, where two of the State's seven 

pulpmills are located. About one-third of 

the State's veneer logs were produced 

here and 29 percent of its saw loqs. 

Roundwood Movement in 1981 

South Carolina continued to be a net 

exporter of industrial roundwood in 1981. 

South Carolina's forests exceeded roundwood receipts at primary wood-using 

plants by over 40 million cubic feet, or 

10 percent (table 10). Exports accounted 

for almost 20 percent of 1981's product 

output. Of the 2.9 million cubic feet of 

softwood roundwood exported, 59 percent 

went to Georgia, 41 percent went to North 

Carolina, and less than 1 percent went to 

Florida. Pulpwood accounted for 67 percent of softwood roundwood exports, saw 

loqs another 21 percent, and veneer logs 

11 percent. Of the 25.7 million cubic 

feet of hardwood roundwood exported, 65 

percent went to Georgia and 35 percent to 

North Carolina. Piilpwood accounted for 90 

percent of hardwood exports, with saw 

logs and veneer making up the balance. 

Imports from other States accounted for 

just under 12 percent of the receipts at 

South Carolina's mills. 

The Northern Coastal Plain, as in 

years past, was t\e only region in the 

State where mill receipts exceeded roundwood output. Pulpwood delivered to the 5 

pulpmills in this region accounted for 76 

percent of the regions receipts. Exports 

in the region accounted for only 11 percent of the output, well below the State 

average, while imports accounted for over 

17 percent of the receipts, 5 percent 

more than the State average. Pulpwood accounted for 89 percent of all imports. 

The output of industrial roundwood in 

the Southern Coastal Plain of South Carolina amounted to 134.1 million cubic feet, 

26 percent more than receipts at primary 

processing plants. Exports equaled almost 

30.0 million cubic feet. Imports contributed only 1.9 million cubic feet, or 2~ 

percent to the region's mill receipts. 

In the Piedmont, only 74 percent of 

the roundwood output was retained. 

Exports amounted to 42.5 million cubic 

feet, the largest volume exported from 

any of the regions. 

Definitions of Terms 

Growing-s tock trees. Live sawtimher-size 

trees of commercial species contdining at 

least a 12-foot log, or two nonconticjuous 

saw logs each 8 feet or longer meeting 

minimum grade requirements (hardwoods 

must cxualify as either a log grade 3 or 

4; softwoods must qualify as a log grade 

3) with at least one-third of the gross 

board-foot volume (International 1/4-inch 

rule) between a l-foot stump and the 

minimun saw-log top being sound, or a 

live tree below sawtimber size that will 

prospectively qualify under the above 

standards. 

Growinq-s tock volume. Volume (cubic feet) 

of solid wood in growing-stock trees 5.0 

inches d.b.h. and larger, from a l-foot 

stump to a minimum 4.0-inch top diameter, 

outside bark, on the central stem. Volume 

of solid wood in primary forks from the 

point of occurrence to a minimum 4.0-inch 

top diameter outside hark is included. 

Hardwoods. Angiosperms; dicotyledonous 

trees (incliiding all palm species which 

are monocotyledonous), usually hroadleaf 

and deciduous. 

Soft hardwoods. Soft-textured hardwoods 

such as boxelder, red and silver maples, 

hackberry, loblolly-bay, sweetgum, 

yellow-poplar, magnolia, sweethay, 

water tupelo, blackgum, sycamore, cottonwood, black cherry, willow, hasswood, and elm. 

Hard hardwoods. Hard-textured hardwoods 

such as sugar maple, birch, hickory, 

dogwood, persimmon (forest grown), 

black locust, beech, ash, honeylocust, 

holly, black walnut, mulberry, and all 

commercial oaks. 

Industrial timber products. All timher 

products manufactured from either roundwood or plant byproducts, except firewood. 

Net annual growth. The net change in merchantable volume for a specific year 

(gross growth minus mortality for that 

specified year.) 

Plant residues. Wood material generated 

in the production of timher products at 

primary manufacturing plants. 
Coarse residues. Suitable for chipping 

such as slabs, edgings, trim, veneer 

cores, and ends. 

Fine residues. Not suitable for chipping such as sawdust, shavings, and 

veneer chippings. 

Plant byproducts. Residues (coarse or 

fine) utilized in the further manufacture of industrial products or for consumer use, or utilized as fuel. 

Unused plant residues. Residues (coarse 

or fine) which are not used for any 

product, including fuel. 

Primary wood-using plants (industries ). 

Those plants or industries that utilize 

roundwood products in the manufacture of 

their principal products. (plants that 

utilize only plant hyproducts as a substitute for roundwood are included.) 

Roundwood (roundwood logs). Logs, bolts, 

or other round sections cut from trees 

for industrial or consumer uses. 

Roundwood chipped. Any timber cut primarily for pulpwood, delivered to nonpulpmills, chipped, and then sold to 

pulpmills as residues, including chipped 

tops, jump sections, whole trees, and 

pulpwood sticks. 

Roundwood products. Any primary product 

such as lumber, poles, pilings, pulp, or 

fuelwood which is produced from roundwood. 

Softwoods. Gymnosperms; in the order 

Coniferales, usually evergreen (includes 

the genus Taxodium which is deciduous), 

having needles or scalelike leaves. 

Pines. Yellow pine species which include loblolly, longleaf, slash, pond, 

shortleaf, pitch, Virginia, sand, 

spruce, and Table Mountain pines. 

Other softwoods. Cypress, eastern redcedar, white cedar, eastern white pine, 

eastern hemlock, spruce, and fir. 

Timber removals. The merchantable volume 

of trees removed from the inventory by 

harvesting, cultural operations such as 

stand improvement, land clearing, or 

changes in land use. 
Table 3.--Roundwood receipts by product and species group, 1977-1981, 

South Carolina 

Product and I 1977 I 1978 1979 I 1980 I 1981 species group . 

---- - - - Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Saw logs : 

,Softwood 119,766 126,492 138,714 130,027 122,011 

Hardwood 41,486 51,709 56,347 44,1442 34,749 

Total 161,252 - 178,201 195,061 174 469 , 154,760 -- - 

Veneer logs: 

Softwood 34,082 39,877 38,783 29,043 33,934 

Hardwood 7,018 10,688 10,287 8,192 6,742 

Total 41 .lo0 50,565 49,070 37,235 40,576 ---- 

a Pulpwood: 

Softwood 171,182 148,799 145,542 153,412 175,688 

Hardwood 35,530 37,112 40,965 13,110 29,635 

Total -- 206,712 185L911 -- 186,507 -136,522 205,323 --------- 

Other industrial: 

Softwood 7,531 3,133 2,542 4,572 3,749 

Iiardwood -- -- -- -- -- 

Total 

All industrial: 

Softwood 332,861 318,301 325,581 317,054 335,382 

Hardwood --- 

84,034 9?, 509 107,599 --- 

85,744 71,126 - - 

Total 416,895 417,810 433,180 402,798 406,508 

a Includes roundwood that was delivered to non-pulpmills, chipped, 

and then sold to pu1pmill.s. 
Table u.--Volume of roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

product and species group, 1977-1981, South Carolina 

Product and : 

. 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 1981 species group . - 

- - - - - - - Thousand cubi? feet - - - - - - - - -- Saw logs: 

Softwood 126,865 133,770 1&7,213 137,496 129,091 

Hardwood 33,714 41,716 40,323 37,202 3% 542 - 

Total 

Veneer logs: 

Softwood 41,587 43,847 40,741 33,828 38,541 

Hardwood 6,944 10,041 8,266 - 10,416 - 6,790 -- 

Total 

a Pulpwood: 

Softwood 177,786 153,314 166,765 171,679 185,830 

Hardwood 53,221 54,422 54,188 48,077 46,629 

Total 231,007 217736 220954 219,756 233,459 --1____L 

Other industrial: 

Softwood 9,340 3,905 3,318 4,841 11,008 

Hardwood 24 24 -- -- -- 

Total 

All industrial: 

Softwood 355,678 341,837 358,338 347,844 3558,470 

Hardwood 93,993 106,203 104,927 S13,545 88,061 

Total 449,581 - 448,040 &!i2,965 441,389 446,531 - -- a Includes roundwood that was delivered to non-pulpmills, chipped, 

and then sold to pulpmills: 

Softwood - Hardwood 

1977 45,679 5,622 

1978 33,135 5,110 

1979 25,334 10,495 

1980 27,940 6,393 

1981 39,997 4,815 
Table 5.--Volume of roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

product and species group, 1977-1981, Southern Coastal Plain, South 

Carolina 

Product and 1 1977 1 1978 1 1979 1 1980 1 1981 species group . 

- - - - - - - - Thousand cubic feeL - - - - - - - - 

Sawlogs: 

Softwood 43,659 44,273 48,620 47,777 49,184 

Hardwood 7,969 11,583 11,665 9,527 8,829 - 

Total 

Veneer logs: 

Softwood 6,728 9,322 9,781 4,840 9,107 

Hardwood 2,531 3,227 3,438 2,921 2,712 

Total 9,259 12,549- 13,219 7,761 11 L___ 919 

a Pulpwood: 

Softwood 39,921 33 i502 40,239 40,877 44,298 

Hardwood 15,461 11,917 17,553 15,197 -- 

18,456 

Total 55,382 45,419 57,792 56,074 62,754 

Other industrial: 

Softwood 2,509 1,687 2,001 1,956 1,531 

Hardwood 6 6 -- -- -- 

Total - 2,515 1,693 2,001 1,956 - -- 1,531 -- 

All industrial: 

Softwood 92,817 88,784 100,641 95,450 104,120 

Hardwood 25,957 26,733 32,656 27,645 -- -- 29,997 

Total 118,784 115,517 133,297 123,095 134,117 - 

a Includes roundwood that was delivered to non-pulpmills, chipped, 

and then sold to pulpmills. 
Table 6.--Volume of roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

product and species group, 1977-1981, Northern Coastal Plain, South 

Carolina 

Product and ' 

: 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 1981 species group . 

----- --- Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Sawlogs: 

Softwood 42,737 45,466 59,192 51,683 41,186 

Hardwood 15,163 17,190 17,612 18,948 17,352 

Total 57,900 62,656 --- 76,804 70,631 58,539- .- 

Veneer logs: 

Softwood 21,787 22,027 18,547 1'7,040 15,246 

Hardwood 3,902 6,157 6,508 4,802 3,449 

Total 25,689 28,184 25,055 -- 21,842 18,695 --- 

a Pulpwood: 

Softwood 57,766 60,574 49,849 49,073 57,652 

Hardwood 16.787 21.097 19.148 17.467 12,583 

Total 

Other industrial: 

Softwood . 6,831 2,219 1,317 2,861 2,310 

Hardwood 6 6 -- -- -- 

Total 

All industrial: 

Softwood 129,121 130,286 128,905 120,657 116,39G 

Hardwood 35,858 44,450 43,268 41,217 33,385 -- pp -- 

Total 164,979 174,736 172,173 161,874 149,779 

a Includes roundwood that was delivered to non-pulpmills, chipped, 

and then sold to pulpmills. 
Table 7.--Volume of roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

product and species group, 1977-1981, Piedmont, South Carolina 

Productand I 1977 I 1978 I 1979 1 1980 I 1981 species group . 

---- - - -- Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Sawlogs : 

Softwood 40,469 41,031 39,401 38,036 38,721 

Hardwood 10,582 12,943 11,046 8,727 - 8,460 

Total 51,051 53,974 50 , 447 46,763 47,181 -- - 

Veneer logs: 

Softwood 13,172 12,498 12,413 11,948 14,188 

Hardwood 51 1 657 470 543 629 

Total 13,683 13,155 - 12,883 12,491 14,817- 

a Pulpwood: 

Softwood 80,099 69,238 76,678 81,729 84,880 

Hardwood 20,973 21,408 17,487 15,413 15,590 

Total 101,072 90,646---- 94,165 , -- 97 

- 

142 100,470 

- - 

Other industrial: 

Softwood -- -- -- 24 167 

Hardwood 12 12 -- -- -- - -- 

Total 12 12 -- 24 - 167 

All industrial: 

Softwood 133,740 122,767 128,492 131,737 137,956 

Hardwood 32,078 35,020 29,003 24,683 24,679 

Total 165,818 157,787 157,495 156,420 162,635 

a Includes roundwood that was delivered to non-pulpmills, chipped, 

and then sold to pulpmills. 
Table 8.--'~olurne of industrial timber products from plant byproducts, by 

product and species group, 1977-1981, South Carolina 

Product and 

: 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 1981 species group . - -. --- 

- - - - - - - Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Sawn: 

Softwood 5,110 9,992 7,077 -- -- 

Yardwood -- 1 il -- 38 -- - 

Total 5>110 10 006 7j077_-- -- - 38 ---- 

Pulpwood : 

Softwood 

Hardwood 

Total 

Other industrial: a 

Softwood 

Hardwood 

Total 

All industrial: 

Softwood 73,249 76,419 89,055 68,841 50,055 

Hardwood , 10,369 13,592 - 14,438 ---- - 15,312 - 10,338 

Total 83,518 90,011 103,494 84,153 - - - -- - - - --- 60,393 -- a Charcoal and particleboard products. 
Table 9.--Roundwood chipped for fiber, by 

source and species grouo, 1977-1981, South 

Carolina 

Year 

and Softwood Bardwood : All species a: 

source . 

- - Thousand cubic feeJ - - 

1977 

Saw log 43,852 5,050 48,912 

Veneer 1,827 562 2,389 - 

Total 45,679 5,622 51,331 

1978 

Saw log 33,135 5,059 38,194 

Veneer -- 5 1 51 

Total 

1979 

Saw log 

Veneer 

Total 

1980 

Saw log 

Veneer 

Total 

1981 

Saw log 

Veneer 

Total 

a Roundwood chipped from products other 

than saw logs and veneer amounted to less than 

one-half of 1 percent of the total roundwood 

chipped in all years. 
Table 10.--Industrial roundwood movement, by 

species group, South Carolina, 1981 

Movement : Softwood : Hardwood All species 

- - Thousand cubic feet - - 

Output 358,470 88,061 446,531 

Retained 295,617 52,343 357,960 

Exports 62,853 25,718 88,571 

Imports 39,765 8,783 48,548 

Receipts 335,382 71,126 - 406,508 

Table 11.--Industrial roundwood movement, by species group and 

region, South Carolina, 1981 

Southern Species group . : Northern : piedmont : Coastal Plain : Coastal Plain 

---- Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - Softwood: 

Output 104,120 116,394 137,956 

Retained 83,039 103,683 108,895 

Exports 21,081 12,711 29,06 1 

Imports 753 21,306 17,736 

Receipts 83,792 124,989 126,601 

Hardwood : 

Output 

Retained 

Exports 

Imports 

Receipts 

All species: 

Output 134,117 149,779 162,635 

Retained 104,121 133,697 120,142 

Exports 29,996 16,082 42,493 

Imports 1,912 28,024 18,612 

Receipts --- 106,033 161,721 - 

138,754 
Table 12.--Volume of unused plant residues at primary wood-using 

industries, by species group and type of residue, 1977-1981, South 

Carolina 

. .~ 

Species group and' : 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 1981 

type of residue . - -- -- -- 

- - - - - - - Thousang cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Softwood : 

Bark 1,691 1,166 1,183 240 218 

Coarse 306 296 413 431 156 

Shavings 9 1 120 25 19 76 

Other fine 1,576 946 1,203 192 - 153 - 

Total 3,664- 2,528 2,824 -- -- 882 603- 

Hardwood : 

Bark 1,538 955 947 413 173 

Coarse 103 157 20 8 19 47 

Shavings 34 40 63 21 16 

Other fine 2,201 1,626 1,740 68 1 412 

Total 

All species: 

Bark 3,229 2,121 2,130 653 39 1 

Coarse '409 453 621 050 201 

Shavings 125 160 $8 40 92 

Other fine 3,777 2,572 2,943 565 -- 873 __ 

Total 7.540 5.306 5,782 2,016 1,351 
a Table 13.--Volume of unused plant residues at primary wood-using 

industries, by species group and source, 1977-1981, South Carolina 

Species group . 

: 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 1981 and source . - -- 

- - - - - - - Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Softwood: 

Sawn products 1,967 1,361 882 410 385 

Veneer -- -- 759 232 -- 

Other 7 1 -- -- -- - 

Total - lia!---- 1,362 1,641 --- 642 385 

Hardwood: 

Sawn products 2,220 1,736 1,246 480 185 

Veneer 118 87 765 24 1 289 

Other -- -- -- -- -- 

Total 2,338 1,823 -- 2,001 72 1 -- 475 - 

All species: 

Sawn products 4,187 3,097 2,128 890 57 1 

Veneer 118 87 1,524 473 289 

Other 7 -- -- 1 -- 

Total - 4,312 3,185 3,552 1,363 -- 860 

a Excluding bark. 
Table 14.--Softwood-roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

region and county, 1977-1981, South Carolina 

Region and 1 1977 1 1978 1979 I 1980 1 1981 

county 

- - - - - - - - -- Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Southern Coastal 

Plain: 

Aiken 

Allendale 

Samberg 

Barnwell 

Beaufort 

Calhoun 

Colleton 

Dorchester 

Hampton 

Jasper 

Lexington 

Orangeburg 

Total 

Northern Coastal 

Plain: 

Berkeley 

Charleston 

Chesterfield 

Clarendon 

Darlington 

Dillon 

Florence 

Georgetown 

Horry 

Kershaw 

Lee 

Marion 

Marlboro 

Richland 

Sumter 

Williamsburg 

Total 

Continued 
Table 14.--Softwood-roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

region and county, 1977-1981, South Carolina--Continued 

Region and . county : 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 1981 

-------- Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Piedmont: 

Abbeville 

Anderson 

Cherokee 

Chester 

Edgefield 

Fairfield 

Greenville 

Greenwood 

Lancaster 

Laurens 

McCormick 

Newberry 

Oconee 

Pickens 

Saluda 

Spartanburg 

Union 

York 

Total 

State total 355,678 341,837 358,038 347,844 358,470 
Table 15.--Yardwood-roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

region and county, 1977-1981, South Carolina 

-- -- 

Region and I 1977 I 1978 I 1979 1 . 1980 1 1981 county -- - - - - - - A Thousand cubic feet - - - - - - - - 

Southern Coastal 

Plain: 

Aiken 1,316 2,482 3,150 2,304 2,058 

Allendale 1,241 2,434 3,533 3,100 2,014 

Bamberg 1,462 1,739 2,280 1,439 1,749 

Barnwell 1,030 809 1,165 600 59 1 

Beaufort 476 780 1,543 1,180 968 

Calhoun 1,051 93 1 924 1,050 1,136 

Colleton 4,909 4,415 5,515 5,331 6,098 

Dorches ter 2,812 2,676 3,494 4,183 4,165 

Hampton 2,418 3,097 3,489 2,435 2,054 

Jasper 1,309 1,990 2,459 1,971 2,387 

Lexington 82 1 1,003 1,525 1,238 622 

Orangeburg 7,122 4,377 3,579 2,814 6,155 - 

Total 

Northern Coastal 

Plain: 

Berkeley 

Charleston 

Chesterfield 

Clarendon 

Darlington 

Dillon 

Florence 

Georgetown 

Horry 

Kershaw 

Lee 

Marion 

Marlboro 

Richland 

Sumter 

Williamsburg 

Total 

Continued 
Table 15.--Hardwood-roundwood output of industrial timber products, by 

region and county, 1977-1981, South Carolina--Continued 

Region and ' 

county 

: 1977 : 1978 : 1979 : 1980 : 198' 

-- -~ -- - 

Piedmont: 

Abbeville 

Anderson 

Cherokee 

Chester 

Edge field 

Pairf ield 

Greenville 

Greenwood 

Lancaster 

Laurens 

McCorrnick 

Newberry 

Oconee 

Pickens 

Saluda 

Spartanburg 

Union 

Y ork 

- - Thousand cubic feet - - - - - 

Total 

- 

State total 93,903 105,203 104,927 93,545 88,061 -- -- - - - -- 
I Tansey, John B. Tansey, John 0. 

South Carolina's industrial timber products output, 1977-1981. Reswr. South Carolina's lndustrlal timber products output, 1977-1981. Resour. 

I Bul I. SE-71. Ashevi I le, NC: U.S. ~i~artment of Agriculture, Forest BuI I. SE-71. Ashevl I le, NC: U.S. Department of' Agrlculture. Forest 

Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Statlon. 1984. 21 p. ( Service, Southeastern Forest Experiment Station. 1984. 21 p. I 

1 

KEYWORDS: Rwndwood recelpts, rwndwood output, plant byproducts, resi- I KEYWORDS: Rwndwood receipts, roundwood output, plant byproducts, resldue, wood movement. due, wood movement. I 

I Around 446.5 mi I lion cubic feet of lndustrlal roundwood products were Around 446.5 million cubic feet of Industrial rwndwood products were 

harvested from South Carolina's forests during 1981. Total industrial harvested from South Carolina's forests during 1981. Total industrlal 

product output amounted to 506.9 mi lllon cublc feet, 5 percent less than product output amounted to 506.9 mllllon cublc feet, 5 percent less than 

In 1977. Between 1977 and 1981, pulpwood accounted for an average of 55 In 1977. Between 1977 and 1981. pulpwood accounted for an average of 55 

I 

percent of the State's industrial product output, saw logs another 33 

percent, and veneer logs another 9 percent. Industrial byproduct output 

declined from 83.6 million cubic feet to 60.4 million cubic feet. 

During the same time, the volume of plant resldues used as fuel and for 

nonindustrial timber products rose from 61.4 miillon cubic feet to 72.2 

ml lllon cubic feet. Swth Carolina's industrial rwndwood output of 

446.5 mil llon cubic feet in 1981 exceeded receipts by 40 mi llion cublc 

feet, making the State a net exporter of Industrial rwndwood. In 1981, 

percent of the State's Industrial product output, saw logs another 33 

percent, and veneer logs another 9 percent. lndustrlal byproduct wtput 

declined from 83.6 mllllon cubic feet to 60.4 million cublc feet. 

During the same time, the volume of plant residues used as fuel and for 

nonlndustrlal timber products rose from 61.4 mllllon cublc feet to 72.2 

mi Illon cubic feet. South Carolina's industrial roundwood output of 

446.5 mi I lion cublc feet in 1981 exceeded receipts by 40 mil llon cublc 

feet, making the State a net exporter of industrial rwndwood. In 1981, 

exports exceeded Imports 82 percent. A total of 152 prlmry wood- exports exceeded imports by 82 percent. A total of 152 prlmary woodusing plants operated in Swth Carolina in 1981, only 2 less than In using plants operated in South Carolina In 1981, only 2 less than in 

1977. 1 1977. I 
The Forest Service. US. Depanment of Agriculture. is dedicated to the principle of multiple 

use management of the Nation'.; 

fore\[ resources for sustained 

yields of wood. water. forage. 

wildlife, and recreation. Through 

forehtry research, cooperation 

with the States and private forest 

owners. and management of the 

National Forests and National 

Grasslands, it btrives-as directed by Congress-to provide 

increasingly greater 5ervice to a 

growing Nation. 

USDA policy does not permlt discrimination because of 

race. color, national origin, sex or religion. Any person 

who believes he or she has been discriminated against in 

any USDA-related activity should write immediately to 

the Secretary of Agriculture. washingtoh, D.C. 20250.