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[House Report 110-215]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]

110th Congress                                                   Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
 1st Session                                                    110-215

======================================================================

 
                   INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE COOPERATION
                       RE-ENGAGEMENT ACT OF 2007

                                _______
                                

 June 28, 2007.--Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the 
              State of the Union and ordered to be printed

                                _______
                                

   Mr. Lantos, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, submitted the 
                               following

                              R E P O R T

                             together with

                            DISSENTING VIEWS

                        [To accompany H.R. 2420]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Foreign Affairs, to whom was referred the 
bill (H.R. 2420) to declare United States policy on 
international climate cooperation, to authorize assistance to 
promote clean and efficient energy technologies in foreign 
countries, and to establish the International Clean Energy 
Foundation, having considered the same, reports favorably 
thereon with an amendment and recommends that the bill as 
amended do pass.

                           TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                                   Page
The Amendment....................................................     2
Summary..........................................................    13
Background and Purpose for the Legislation.......................    14
Hearings.........................................................    15
Committee Consideration..........................................    15
Votes of the Committee...........................................    15
Committee Oversight Findings.....................................    16
New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures........................    16
Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate........................    16
Performance Goals and Objectives.................................    19
Constitutional Authority Statement...............................    19
New Advisory Committees..........................................    19
Congressional Accountability Act.................................    20
Earmark Identification...........................................    20
Section-by-Section Analysis and Discussion.......................    20
Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported............    32
Dissenting Views.................................................    34

                             The Amendment

    The amendment is as follows:
    Strike all after the enacting clause and insert the 
following:

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.

    (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``International 
Climate Cooperation Re-engagement Act of 2007''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as 
follows:

Sec. 1. Short title and table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.

         TITLE I--UNITED STATES POLICY ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

Sec. 101. Congressional findings.
Sec. 102. Congressional statement of policy.
Sec. 103. Office on Global Climate Change.

TITLE II--ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE CLEAN AND EFFICIENT ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 
                          IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Sec. 201. Congressional findings.
Sec. 202. United States assistance for developing countries.
Sec. 203. United States exports and outreach programs for India and 
China.
Sec. 204. United States trade missions to encourage private sector 
trade and investment.
Sec. 205. Actions by Overseas Private Investment Corporation.
Sec. 206. Actions by United States Trade and Development Agency.
Sec. 207. Global Climate Change Exchange program.
Sec. 208. Interagency Working Group to support a Clean Energy 
Technology Exports Initiative.

            TITLE III--INTERNATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY FOUNDATION

Sec. 301. Definitions.
Sec. 302. Establishment and management of Foundation.
Sec. 303. Duties of foundation.
Sec. 304. Annual report.
Sec. 305. Powers of the foundation; related provisions.
Sec. 306. General personnel authorities.
Sec. 307. Authorization of appropriations.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate congressional committees.--The term 
        ``appropriate congressional committees'' means the Committee on 
        Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives and the 
        Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate.
            (2) Clean and efficient energy technology.--The term 
        ``clean and efficient energy technology'' means an energy 
        supply or end-use technology--
                    (A) such as--
                            (i) solar technology;
                            (ii) wind technology;
                            (iii) geothermal technology;
                            (iv) hydroelectric technology; and
                            (v) carbon capture technology; and
                    (B) that, over its life cycle and compared to a 
                similar technology already in commercial use--
                            (i) is reliable, affordable, economically 
                        viable, socially acceptable, and compatible 
                        with the needs and norms of the country 
                        involved;
                            (ii) results in--
                                    (I) reduced emissions of greenhouse 
                                gases; or
                                    (II) increased geological 
                                sequestration; and
                            (iii) may--
                                    (I) substantially lower emissions 
                                of air pollutants; or
                                    (II) generate substantially smaller 
                                or less hazardous quantities of solid 
                                or liquid waste.
            (3) Geological sequestration.--The term ``geological 
        sequestration'' means the capture and long-term storage in a 
        geological formation of a greenhouse gas from an energy 
        producing facility, which prevents the release of greenhouse 
        gases into the atmosphere.
            (4) Greenhouse gas.--The term ``greenhouse gas'' means--
                    (A) carbon dioxide;
                    (B) methane;
                    (C) nitrous oxide;
                    (D) hydrofluorocarbons;
                    (E) perfluorocarbons; or
                    (F) sulfur hexafluoride.

         TITLE I--UNITED STATES POLICY ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

SEC. 101. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) There is a global scientific consensus, as established 
        by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and 
        confirmed by the National Academy of Sciences, that the 
        continued build-up of anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the 
        atmosphere has been, and is now warming the earth and threatens 
        the stability of the global climate. By the estimate of the 
        IPCC, unmitigated global greenhouse gas emissions could drive 
        up global temperatures by as much as 7 to 11 degrees Fahrenheit 
        by 2100.
            (2) Climate change is already having significant impacts in 
        certain regions of the world and on many ecosystems, with poor 
        populations being most vulnerable.
            (3) Climate change is a global problem that can only be 
        managed by a coordinated global response that reduces global 
        emissions of greenhouse gases to a level that stabilizes their 
        concentration in the Earth's atmosphere.
            (4) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate 
        Change (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 
        ``Convention'') establishes a viable foundation to construct a 
        global regime to combat global warming and manage its impacts.
            (5) The United States, along with 189 other countries, is a 
        party to the Convention, agreed to in New York on May 9, 1992, 
        and entered into force in 1994. The Convention's stated 
        objective is ``to achieve stabilization of greenhouse gas 
        concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent 
        dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system''.
            (6) The Kyoto Protocol to the Convention was adopted by the 
        third Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-3) in December 
        1997, in Kyoto, Japan, and stipulated legally binding 
        reductions in greenhouse gas emissions at an average of 5.2 
        percent below 1990 levels for industrialized countries, but it 
        did not specify policies for its implementation. The Kyoto 
        Protocol also did not stipulate binding reductions in 
        greenhouse gas emissions for rapidly industrializing countries 
        such as China, India, and Brazil.
            (7) Before negotiations were completed on the mechanisms 
        for implementing Kyoto Protocol commitments on greenhouse gas 
        emissions, George W. Bush took office as President of the 
        United States, and in March 2001, announced opposition to 
        continued negotiations over implementation of the Protocol, 
        stating that the Protocol was ``fatally flawed'' from the 
        Administration's point of view.
            (8) President Bush unveiled an ``alternative'' strategy to 
        the Kyoto Protocol for halting global warming on February 14, 
        2002. The President's plan did not contain any international 
        component to amend or supplant the Kyoto Protocol or any kind 
        of blueprint for committing major developing economies such as 
        China, India, and Brazil to reduce future greenhouse gas 
        emissions. The President's plan set a voluntary ``greenhouse 
        gas intensity'' target for the United States that specified an 
        18 percent reduction in ``emissions intensity'' by 2012. This 
        reduction would allow actual emissions to increase by at least 
        12 percent over the same period.
            (9) On February 16, 2005, after Russia's ratification, the 
        Kyoto Protocol entered into force. With entry into force, the 
        emissions targets of the Protocol became legally binding 
        commitments for those industrialized countries that ratified 
        the Protocol. Because the United States and Australia did not 
        ratify the Protocol, and because developing countries are not 
        subject to its limits, the Protocol currently restricts the 
        emissions of countries accounting for only 32 percent of global 
        greenhouse gas emissions.
            (10) The Kyoto Protocol required that parties to the 
        Protocol begin negotiating in 2005 toward a second round of 
        commitments to begin after the expiration of the first 
        emissions budget period in 2012. The eleventh Convention 
        Conference of the Parties (COP-11) in November and December 
        2005 in Montreal, Canada launched the negotiations on the 
        second round of commitments by parties to the Protocol and 
        initiated a dialogue (a ``parallel process'') under the 
        Convention that engaged both the United States and developing 
        countries in discussions on future efforts.
            (11) At the twelfth Convention Conference of the Parties 
        (COP-12) in November 2006 in Nairobi, Kenya, parties continued 
        discussions on a second round of commitments under the Kyoto 
        Protocol as a successor to the first commitment period (2008 
        through 2012) and, in the parallel process, discussed enhanced 
        cooperation under the Convention that would engage countries 
        that did not have commitments under the Protocol.
            (12) At a summit in Brussels, Belgium in March 2007, the 
        head of governments of the European Union committed its Member 
        States to cut greenhouse gas emissions 20 percent below 1990 
        levels by 2020 and committed to move this target up to 30 
        percent if the United States and other major emitters joined 
        the commitment.
            (13) On April 17, 2007, the United Nations Security Council 
        held its first ever ``open meeting'' on the impact of climate 
        change on international security. British Foreign Secretary 
        Margaret Beckett, in her capacity as President of the Security 
        Council, declared in her opening statement that the Council has 
        a ``security imperative'' to tackle climate change because it 
        can exacerbate problems that cause conflicts and because it 
        threatens the entire planet. United Nations Secretary-General 
        Ban Ki-moon told the Council that ``issues of energy and 
        climate change have implications for peace and security''.
            (14) Working Group III of the IPCC met from April 30 
        through May 4, 2007, in Bangkok, Thailand to assess 
        technologies and policies needed to avert dangerous climate 
        change and to provide background for negotiations on a post-
        2012 climate change regime. The draft report by the IPCC 
        Working Group III concludes that by quickly adopting 
        technological options that are available or are being 
        developed, the global concentration of greenhouse gases in the 
        atmosphere can be stabilized at 450-550 parts per million 
        (ppm). The IPCC scientists believe that a 450 to 550 ppm 
        ceiling might limit the global rise in temperatures to no more 
        than 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit and avert impacts of escalating 
        scale, scope, and costs, potentially including the 
        destabilization of large polar ice sheets that could contribute 
        to long-term, catastrophic sea level rise at higher 
        temperatures.
            (15) At the Group of Eight (G-8) Summit scheduled to be 
        held in Heiligendamm, Germany in June 2007, climate change and 
        energy have been placed at the top of the policy agenda, and 
        during the Summit, the G-8 is scheduled to have a dialogue with 
        China, India, South Africa, Mexico, and Brazil on the issue.
            (16) The United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has 
        indicated that one of his top goals is to forge a more 
        comprehensive agreement under the Convention to ensure there is 
        no gap when the first commitment period under the Kyoto 
        Protocol ends in 2012. In order to reach this goal, critical 
        negotiations involving all of the major greenhouse gas 
        emitters, along with the vulnerable countries, must be 
        initiated immediately and be completed by 2009. On May 1, 2007, 
        the Secretary-General named three Special Envoys on Climate 
        Change to assist in ``consultations with Governments''. The 
        Secretary-General will host a ``high-level meeting'' on climate 
        change at the United Nations General Assembly in September 2007 
        to give ``political direction'' to the thirteenth Convention 
        Conference of the Parties (COP-13) to take place in December 
        2007 in Bali, Indonesia.

SEC. 102. CONGRESSIONAL STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    Congress declares the following to be the policy of the United 
States:
            (1) To promote United States and global security through 
        leadership in cooperation with other nations of the global 
        effort to reduce and stabilize global greenhouse gas emissions 
        and stabilize atmospheric concentration of such gases. As such, 
        the United States will seek to obtain mitigation commitments 
        from all major greenhouse gas emitting countries under the 
        institutional framework provided by the United Nations 
        Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter in this 
        section referred to as the ``Convention'');
            (2) To facilitate progress in global negotiations toward a 
        comprehensive agreement under the Convention, and in service of 
        this goal, the United States will, during the course of 2007, 
        engage in high level dialogue on climate change within the 
        Group of Eight (G-8), with the European Union, with Japan and 
        other industrialized countries, and with China, India, Brazil, 
        and other major developing countries. The United States will 
        also participate in the initiative of the United Nations 
        Secretary-General to build consensus among governments on 
        enhanced international cooperation on these matters.
            (3) To participate more actively and constructively in the 
        intergovernmental climate change process, including at the 
        thirteenth Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-13) to 
        take place in December 2007 in Bali, Indonesia. As such, at the 
        COP-13 meeting, the United States will be represented by a 
        high-level delegation composed of climate experts and career 
        foreign service officers with extensive diplomatic experience, 
        including experience in multi-lateral negotiations, headed by 
        the Secretary of State, the Secretary's Deputy, or the 
        Undersecretary for Global Affairs of the Department of State.
            (4) To engage in serious discussion of possible future 
        commitments under the Convention. These discussions will seek 
        to develop a plan of action and time-table with the goal of 
        adopting a new international agreement under the Convention 
        that stipulates commitments from all major greenhouse gas 
        emitters, including the United States and other countries 
        listed in Annex 1 to the Convention, China, India, and Brazil, 
        at the fifteenth Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-15) 
        to take place in 2009. This process will seek as its objective 
        that a new instrument will come into force by the time the 
        first commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012.
            (5) To protect United States national and economic 
        interests and United States competitiveness in all sectors by 
        negotiating a new agreement under the Convention that is cost 
        effective, comprehensive, flexible, and equitable. Such an 
        agreement shall, at a minimum--
                    (A) require binding mitigation commitments from all 
                major emitting countries based on their level of 
                development;
                    (B) provide for different forms of commitments, 
                including economy-wide emissions targets, policy-based 
                commitments, sectoral agreements, and no-regrets 
                targets;
                    (C) increase cooperation on clean and efficient 
                energy technologies and practices;
                    (D) target all greenhouse gases, including sources, 
                sinks, and reservoirs of greenhouse gases, and should 
                expand the current scope of the Kyoto Protocol and 
                Convention to sectors not covered, such as the 
                international aviation and maritime sectors;
                    (E) include mechanisms to harness market-based 
                solutions, building upon the joint implementation, 
                clean development mechanism, and international 
                emissions trading developed under the Protocol;
                    (F) include incentives for sustainable forestry 
                management that reflect the value of avoided 
                deforestation;
                    (G) address the need for adaptation, especially for 
                the most vulnerable and poorest countries on the 
                planet;
                    (H) consider the impact on United States industry 
                and contain effective mechanisms to protect United 
                States competitiveness; and
                    (I) include the perspectives and address the 
                concerns of impacted indigenous and tribal populations.
            (6) To seek international consensus on long-term objectives 
        including a target range for stabilizing greenhouse gas 
        concentrations. The target range should reflect the consensus 
        recommendations of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 
        (IPCC) scientists, who believe that concentrations of 
        greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere must be stabilized 
        to provide a reasonable chance of limiting the rise in global 
        temperatures to a level that might avert the most damaging 
        impacts of climate change.

SEC. 103. OFFICE ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE.

    (a) Establishment of Office.--There is established within the 
Department of State an Office on Global Climate Change (hereinafter in 
this section referred to as the ``Office'').
    (b) Head of Office.--
            (1) In general.--The head of the Office shall be the 
        Ambassador-at-Large for Global Climate Change (hereinafter in 
        this section referred to as the ``Ambassador-at-Large'').
            (2) Appointment.--The Ambassador-at-Large shall be 
        appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent 
        of the Senate.
    (c) Duties.--
            (1) In general.--The primary responsibility of the 
        Ambassador-at-Large shall be to advance the goals of the United 
        States with respect to reducing the emissions of global 
        greenhouse gases and addressing the challenges posed by global 
        climate change.
            (2) Advisory role.--The Ambassador-at-Large--
                    (A) shall be a principal adviser to the President 
                and the Secretary of State on matters relating to 
                global climate change; and
                    (B) shall make recommendations to the President and 
                the Secretary of State on policies of the United States 
                Government with respect to international cooperation on 
                reducing the emission of global greenhouse gases and 
                addressing the challenges posed by global climate 
                change.
            (3) Diplomatic representation.--Subject to the direction of 
        the President and the Secretary of State, the Ambassador-at-
        Large is authorized to represent the United States in matters 
        relating to global climate change in--
                    (A) contacts with foreign governments, 
                intergovernmental organizations, and specialized 
                agencies of the United Nations, the Organization on 
                Security and Cooperation in Europe, and other 
                international organizations of which the United States 
                is a member; and
                    (B) multilateral conferences and meetings relating 
                to global climate change.
    (d) Funding.--The Secretary of State shall provide the Ambassador-
at-Large with such funds as may be necessary for the hiring of staff 
for the Office, the conduct of investigations by the Office, and for 
necessary travel to carry out the provisions of this section.
    (e) Report.--Not later than September 1 of each year, the Secretary 
of State, with the assistance of the Ambassador-at-Large, shall prepare 
and submit to the appropriate congressional committees a report on the 
strategy, policies, and actions of the United States for reducing the 
emissions of global greenhouse gases and addressing the challenges 
posed of global climate change.

TITLE II--ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE CLEAN AND EFFICIENT ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 
                          IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

SEC. 201. CONGRESSIONAL FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) Several provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 
        were designed to expand Federal programs that support renewable 
        energy and energy efficient equipment exports and to broaden 
        the portfolio of programs to include training and technology 
        transfer activities that help promote development in less 
        industrialized nations, expand global markets, and reduce 
        greenhouse gas emissions. However, few of the export-related 
        provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 1992 were implemented 
        due to a lack of Federal funding.
            (2) In 2000, Congress called for several United States 
        Government agencies to create an Interagency Working Group to 
        support a Clean Energy Technology Exports Initiative to use the 
        combined resources of various agencies to promote the export of 
        clean energy technologies abroad. The Initiative also suffered 
        from low levels of Federal funding and has not produced 
        significant results.
            (3) Large and emerging economies, such as India and China, 
        play significant roles in the global energy security system as 
        large consumers of energy and should be included as member 
        countries in the International Energy Agency to strengthen the 
        common interest of importers in encouraging transparent energy 
        markets and in planning for supply disruptions.
            (4) The challenge of energy security severely affects 
        developing countries where over 1.6 billion people lack access 
        to affordable energy services. In these nations, a lack of 
        transparency and accountability creates a climate of mistrust 
        for investors; bilateral and multilateral lending institutions 
        do not provide sufficient incentives to companies investing in 
        clean and efficient energy technologies; women and children 
        suffer disproportionately due to the lack of energy services; 
        inaccessibility of energy services impedes other development 
        programs in education, health, agriculture, and the 
        environment; and dependence on imported fuels leaves countries 
        vulnerable to supply disruptions and economic shocks.
            (5) In addition to promoting the export of clean energy 
        technologies, large energy-consuming economies must also have 
        appropriate incentive systems, policy and regulatory 
        frameworks, and investment climates in place to accept and 
        promote the adoption of such technologies.
            (6) More than $16 trillion needs to be invested in energy-
        supply infrastructure worldwide by 2030 to meet energy demand, 
        and almost half of total energy investment will take place in 
        developing countries, where production and demand are expected 
        to increase the most.
            (7) Public and private sector capital will be needed to 
        fulfill future demand. The opportunity exists for public and 
        private actors to coordinate efforts and leverage resources to 
        direct this investment into technologies, practices, and 
        services that promote energy efficiency, clean-energy 
        production, and a reduction in global greenhouse gas emissions.
            (8) In attempting to address the global climate change 
        challenge, the United States Government recently launched the 
        Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate, 
        which is meant to accelerate the development and deployment of 
        clean energy technologies. However, this Partnership operates 
        in a non-binding framework that does not require any emissions 
        reductions from the partner countries.

SEC. 202. UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.

    (a) Assistance Authorized.--The Administrator of the United States 
Agency for International Development shall support policies and 
programs in developing countries that promote clean and efficient 
energy technologies--
            (1) to produce the necessary market conditions for the 
        private sector delivery of energy and environmental management 
        services;
            (2) to create an environment that is conducive to accepting 
        clean and efficient energy technologies that support the 
        overall purpose of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, 
        including--
                    (A) improving policy, legal, and regulatory 
                frameworks;
                    (B) increasing institutional abilities to provide 
                energy and environmental management services; and
                    (C) increasing public awareness and participation 
                in the decision-making of delivering energy and 
                environmental management services; and
            (3) to promote the use of American-made clean and efficient 
        energy technologies, products, and energy and environmental 
        management services.
    (b) Report.--The Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development shall submit to the appropriate committees an 
annual report on the implementation of this section for each of the 
fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development $200,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

SEC. 203. UNITED STATES EXPORTS AND OUTREACH PROGRAMS FOR INDIA, CHINA, 
                    AND OTHER COUNTRIES.

    (a) Assistance Authorized.--The Secretary of Commerce shall direct 
the United States and Foreign Commercial Service to expand or create a 
corps of the Foreign Commercial Service officers to promote United 
States exports in clean and efficient energy technologies and build the 
capacity of government officials in India, China, and any other country 
the Secretary of Commerce determines appropriate, to become more 
familiar with the available technologies--
            (1) by assigning or training Foreign Commercial Service 
        attaches, who have expertise in clean and efficient energy 
        technologies from the United States, to embark on business 
        development and outreach efforts to India and China; and
            (2) by deploying the attaches described in paragraph (1) to 
        educate provincial, state, and local government officials in 
        India and China on the variety of United States-based 
        technologies in clean and efficient energy technologies for the 
        purposes of promoting United States exports and reducing global 
        greenhouse gas emissions.
    (b) Report.--The Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the 
appropriate committees an annual report on the implementation of this 
section for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Commerce 
such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 
2012.

SEC. 204. UNITED STATES TRADE MISSIONS TO ENCOURAGE PRIVATE SECTOR 
                    TRADE AND INVESTMENT.

    (a) Assistance Authorized.--The Secretary of Commerce shall direct 
the International Trade Administration to expand or create trade 
missions to and from the United States to encourage private sector 
trade and investment in clean and efficient energy technologies--
            (1) by organizing and facilitating trade missions to 
        foreign countries and by matching United States private sector 
        companies with opportunities in foreign markets so that clean 
        and efficient energy technologies can help to combat increases 
        in global greenhouse gas emissions; and
            (2) by creating reverse trade missions in which the 
        Department of Commerce facilitates the meeting of foreign 
        private and public sector organizations with private sector 
        companies in the United States for the purpose of showcasing 
        clean and efficient energy technologies in use or in 
        development that could be exported to other countries.
    (b) Report.--The Secretary of Commerce shall submit to the 
appropriate committees an annual report on the implementation of this 
section for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Commerce 
such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 
2012.

SEC. 205. ACTIONS BY OVERSEAS PRIVATE INVESTMENT CORPORATION.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) Many of the emerging markets within which the Overseas 
        Private Investment Corporation supports projects have immense 
        energy needs and will require significant investment in the 
        energy sector in the coming decades.
            (2) The use, or lack of use, of clean and efficient energy 
        technologies can have a dramatic effect on the rate of global 
        greenhouse gas emissions from emerging markets in the coming 
        decades.
    (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
Overseas Private Investment Corporation should promote greater 
investment in clean and efficient energy technologies by--
            (1) proactively reaching out to United States companies 
        that are interested in investing in clean and efficient energy 
        technologies in countries that are significant contributors to 
        global greenhouse gas emissions;
            (2) giving preferential treatment to the evaluation and 
        awarding of projects that involve the investment or utilization 
        of clean and efficient energy technologies; and
            (3) providing greater flexibility in supporting projects 
        that involve the investment or utilization of clean and 
        efficient energy technologies, including financing, insurance, 
        and other assistance.
    (c) Report.--The Overseas Private Investment Corporation shall 
include in its annual report required under section 240A of the Foreign 
Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2200a)--
            (1) a description of the activities carried out to 
        implement this section; or
            (2) if the Corporation did not carry out any activities to 
        implement this section, an explanation of the reasons therefor.

SEC. 206. ACTIONS BY UNITED STATES TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT AGENCY.

    (a) Assistance Authorized.--The Director of the Trade and 
Development Agency shall establish or support policies that--
            (1) proactively seek opportunities to fund projects that 
        involve the utilization of clean and efficient energy 
        technologies, including in trade capacity building and capital 
        investment projects;
            (2) give preferential treatment to the evaluation and 
        awarding of projects that involve the utilization of clean and 
        efficient energy technologies, particularly to countries that 
        have the potential for significant reduction in greenhouse gas 
        emissions; and
            (3) recruit and retain individuals with appropriate 
        expertise in clean, renewable, and efficient energy 
        technologies to identify and evaluate opportunities for 
        projects that involve clean and efficient energy technologies 
        and services.
    (b) Report.--The President shall include in the annual report on 
the activities of the Trade and Development Agency required under 
section 661(d) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 
2421(d)) a description of the activities carried out to implement this 
section.

SEC. 207. GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE EXCHANGE PROGRAM.

    (a) Program Authorized.--The Secretary of State is authorized to 
establish a program to strengthen research, educational exchange, and 
international cooperation with the aim of reducing global greenhouse 
gas emissions and addressing the challenges posed by global climate 
change. The program authorized by this subsection shall be carried out 
pursuant to the authorities of the Mutual Educational and Cultural 
Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2451 et seq.) and may be referred to as 
the ``Global Climate Change Exchange Program''.
    (b) Elements.--The program authorized by subsection (a) shall 
contain the following elements:
            (1) The financing of studies, research, instruction, and 
        other educational activities dedicated to reducing carbon 
        emissions and addressing the challenge of global climate 
        change--
                    (A) by or to United States citizens and nationals 
                in foreign universities, governments, organizations, 
                companies, or other institutions; and
                    (B) by or to citizens and nationals of foreign 
                countries in United States universities, governments, 
                organizations, companies, or other institutions.
            (2) The financing of visits and exchanges between the 
        United States and other countries of students, trainees, 
        teachers, instructors, professors, researchers, and other 
        persons who study, teach, and conduct research in subjects such 
        as the physical sciences, environmental science, public policy, 
        economics, urban planning, and other subjects and focus on 
        reducing greenhouse gas emissions and addressing the challenges 
        posed by global climate change.
    (c) Access.--The Secretary of State shall ensure that the program 
authorized by subsection (a) is available to--
            (1) historically Black colleges and universities that are 
        part B institutions (as such term is defined in section 322(2) 
        of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1061(2))), 
        Hispanic-serving institutions (as such term is defined in 
        section 502(5) of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1101a(5))), Tribal 
        Colleges or Universities (as such term is defined in section 
        316 of such Act (20 U.S.C. 1059c)), and other minority 
        institutions (as such term is defined in section 365(3) of such 
        Act (20 U.S.C. 1067k(3))), and to the students, faculty, and 
        researchers at such colleges, universities, and institutions; 
        and
            (2) small business concerns owned and controlled by 
        socially and economically disadvantaged individuals, and small 
        business concerns owned and controlled by women (as such terms 
        are defined in section 8(d)(3) of the Small Business Act (15 
        U.S.C. 637(d)(3))).
    (d) Report.--The Secretary of State shall transmit to the 
appropriate committees an annual report on the implementation of this 
section for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of State 
$3,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

SEC. 208. INTERAGENCY WORKING GROUP TO SUPPORT A CLEAN ENERGY 
                    TECHNOLOGY EXPORTS INITIATIVE.

    (a) Assistance Authorized.--The President shall provide assistance 
to the Interagency Working Group to support a Clean Energy Technology 
Exports Initiative--
            (1) to improve the ability of the United States to respond 
        to international competition by leveraging the resources of 
        Federal departments and agencies effectively and efficiently 
        and by raising policy issues that may hamper the export of 
        United States clean energy technologies abroad;
            (2) to fulfill, as appropriate, the mission and objectives 
        as noted in the report entitled, Five-Year Strategic Plan of 
        the Clean Energy Technology Exports Initiative, submitted to 
        Congress in October 2002; and
            (3) to raise the importance and level of oversight of the 
        Interagency Working Group to the heads of the Federal 
        departments and agencies that are participating in the 
        Interagency Working Group.
    (b) Report.--The Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, the Secretary of Commerce, and the Secretary 
of Energy shall jointly submit to the appropriate committees an annual 
report on the implementation of this section for each of the fiscal 
years 2008 through 2012.
    (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this section, 
there are authorized to appropriated to the President $5,000,000 for 
each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

            TITLE III--INTERNATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY FOUNDATION

SEC. 301. DEFINITIONS.

    In this title:
            (1) Board.--The term ``Board'' means the Board of Directors 
        of the Foundation established pursuant to section 302(c).
            (2) Chief executive officer.--The term ``Chief Executive 
        Officer'' means the chief executive officer of the Foundation 
        appointed pursuant to section 302(b).
            (3) Foundation.--The term ``Foundation'' means the 
        International Clean Energy Foundation established by section 
        302(a).

SEC. 302. ESTABLISHMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF FOUNDATION.

    (a) Establishment.--
            (1) In general.--There is established in the executive 
        branch a foundation to be known as the ``International Clean 
        Energy Foundation'' that shall be responsible for carrying out 
        the provisions of this title. The Foundation shall be a 
        government corporation, as defined in section 103 of title 5, 
        United States Code.
            (2) Board of directors.--The Foundation shall be governed 
        by a Board of Directors chaired by the Secretary of State (or 
        the Secretary's designee) in accordance with subsection (d).
            (3) Intent of congress.--It is the intent of Congress, in 
        establishing the structure of the Foundation set forth in this 
        subsection, to create an entity that serves the long-term 
        foreign policy and energy security goals of reducing global 
        greenhouse gas emissions.
    (b) Chief Executive Officer.--
            (1) In general.--There shall be in the Foundation a Chief 
        Executive Officer who shall be responsible for the management 
        of the Foundation.
            (2) Appointment.--The Chief Executive Officer shall be 
        appointed by the Board, with the advice and consent of the 
        Senate, and shall be a recognized leader in clean and efficient 
        energy technologies and climate change and shall have 
        experience in energy security, business, or foreign policy, 
        chosen on the basis of a rigorous search.
            (3) Relationship to board.--The Chief Executive Officer 
        shall report to, and be under the direct authority of, the 
        Board.
            (4) Compensation and rank.--
                    (A) In general.--The Chief Executive Officer shall 
                be compensated at the rate provided for level III of 
                the Executive Schedule under section 5314 of title 5, 
                United States Code.
                    (B) Amendment.--Section 5314 of title 5, United 
                States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
                following:
            ``Chief Executive Officer, International Clean Energy 
        Foundation.''.
                    (C) Authorities and duties.--The Chief Executive 
                Officer shall be responsible for the management of the 
                Foundation and shall exercise the powers and discharge 
                the duties of the Foundation.
                    (D) Authority to appoint officers.--In consultation 
                and with approval of the Board, the Chief Executive 
                Officer shall appoint all officers of the Foundation.
    (c) Board of Directors.--
            (1) Establishment.--There shall be in the Foundation a 
        Board of Directors.
            (2) Duties.--The Board shall perform the functions 
        specified to be carried out by the Board in this title and may 
        prescribe, amend, and repeal bylaws, rules, regulations, and 
        procedures governing the manner in which the business of the 
        Foundation may be conducted and in which the powers granted to 
        it by law may be exercised.
            (3) Membership.--The Board shall consist of--
                    (A) the Secretary of State (or the Secretary's 
                designee), the Secretary of Energy (or the Secretary's 
                designee), and the Administrator of the United States 
                Agency for International Development (or the 
                Administrator's designee); and
                    (B) four other individuals with relevant experience 
                in matters relating to energy security (such as 
                individuals who represent institutions of energy 
                policy, business organizations, foreign policy 
                organizations, or other relevant organizations) who 
                shall be appointed by the President, by and with the 
                advice and consent of the Senate, of which--
                            (i) one individual shall be appointed from 
                        among a list of individuals submitted by the 
                        majority leader of the House of 
                        Representatives;
                            (ii) one individual shall be appointed from 
                        among a list of individuals submitted by the 
                        minority leader of the House of 
                        Representatives;
                            (iii) one individual shall be appointed 
                        from among a list of individuals submitted by 
                        the majority leader of the Senate; and
                            (iv) one individual shall be appointed from 
                        among a list of individuals submitted by the 
                        minority leader of the Senate.
            (4) Chief executive officer.--The Chief Executive Officer 
        of the Foundation shall serve as a nonvoting, ex officio member 
        of the Board.
            (5) Terms.--
                    (A) Officers of the federal government.--Each 
                member of the Board described in paragraph (3)(A) shall 
                serve for a term that is concurrent with the term of 
                service of the individual's position as an officer 
                within the other Federal department or agency.
                    (B) Other members.--Each member of the Board 
                described in paragraph (3)(B) shall be appointed for a 
                term of 3 years and may be reappointed for a term of an 
                additional 3 years.
                    (C) Vacancies.--A vacancy in the Board shall be 
                filled in the manner in which the original appointment 
                was made.
                    (D) Acting members.--A vacancy in the Board may be 
                filled with an appointment of an acting member by the 
                Chairperson of the Board for up to 1 year while a 
                nominee is named and awaits confirmation in accordance 
                with paragraph (3)(B).
            (6) Chairperson.--There shall be a Chairperson of the 
        Board. The Secretary of State (or the Secretary's designee) 
        shall serve as the Chairperson.
            (7) Quorum.--A majority of the members of the Board 
        described in paragraph (3) shall constitute a quorum, which, 
        except with respect to a meeting of the Board during the 135-
        day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act, 
        shall include at least 1 member of the Board described in 
        paragraph (3)(B).
            (8) Meetings.--The Board shall meet at the call of the 
        Chairperson, who shall call a meeting no less than once a year.
            (9) Compensation.--
                    (A) Officers of the federal government.--
                            (i) In general.--A member of the Board 
                        described in paragraph (3)(A) may not receive 
                        additional pay, allowances, or benefits by 
                        reason of the member's service on the Board.
                            (ii) Travel expenses.--Each such member of 
                        the Board shall receive travel expenses, 
                        including per diem in lieu of subsistence, in 
                        accordance with applicable provisions under 
                        subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, United 
                        States Code.
                    (B) Other members.--
                            (i) In general.--Except as provided in 
                        clause (ii), a member of the Board described in 
                        paragraph (3)(B)--
                                    (I) shall be paid compensation out 
                                of funds made available for the 
                                purposes of this title at the daily 
                                equivalent of the highest rate payable 
                                under section 5332 of title 5, United 
                                States Code, for each day (including 
                                travel time) during which the member is 
                                engaged in the actual performance of 
                                duties as a member of the Board; and
                                    (II) while away from the member's 
                                home or regular place of business on 
                                necessary travel in the actual 
                                performance of duties as a member of 
                                the Board, shall be paid per diem, 
                                travel, and transportation expenses in 
                                the same manner as is provided under 
                                subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, 
                                United States Code.
                            (ii) Limitation.--A member of the Board may 
                        not be paid compensation under clause (i)(II) 
                        for more than 90 days in any calendar year.

SEC. 303. DUTIES OF FOUNDATION.

    The Foundation shall--
            (1) use the funds authorized by this title to make grants 
        to promote projects outside of the United States that serve as 
        models of how to significantly reduce the emissions of global 
        greenhouse gases through clean and efficient energy 
        technologies, processes, and services;
            (2) seek contributions from foreign governments, especially 
        those rich in energy resources such as member countries of the 
        Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, and private 
        organizations to supplement funds made available under this 
        title;
            (3) harness global expertise through collaborative 
        partnerships with foreign governments and domestic and foreign 
        private actors, including non-governmental organizations and 
        private sector companies, by leveraging public and private 
        capital, technology, expertise, and services towards innovative 
        models that can be instituted to reduce global greenhouse gas 
        emissions;
            (4) create a repository of information on best practices 
        and lessons learned on the utilization and implementation of 
        clean and efficient energy technologies and processes to be 
        used for future initiatives to tackle the climate change 
        crisis;
            (5) be committed to minimizing administrative costs and to 
        maximizing the availability of funds for grants under this 
        title; and
            (6) promote the use of American-made clean and efficient 
        energy technologies, processes, and services.

SEC. 304. ANNUAL REPORT.

    (a) Report Required.--Not later than March 31, 2008, and each March 
31 thereafter, the Foundation shall submit to the appropriate 
congressional committees a report on the implementation of this title 
during the prior fiscal year.
    (b) Contents.--The report required by subsection (a) shall 
include--
            (1) the total financial resources available to the 
        Foundation during the year, including appropriated funds, the 
        value and source of any gifts or donations accepted pursuant to 
        section 305(a)(6), and any other resources;
            (2) a description of the Board's policy priorities for the 
        year and the basis upon which competitive grant proposals were 
        solicited and awarded to nongovernmental institutions and other 
        organizations;
            (3) a list of grants made to nongovernmental institutions 
        and other organizations that includes the identity of the 
        institutional recipient, the dollar amount, and the results of 
        the program; and
            (4) the total administrative and operating expenses of the 
        Foundation for the year, as well as specific information on--
                    (A) the number of Foundation employees and the cost 
                of compensation for Board members, Foundation 
                employees, and personal service contractors;
                    (B) costs associated with securing the use of real 
                property for carrying out the functions of the 
                Foundation;
                    (C) total travel expenses incurred by Board members 
                and Foundation employees in connection with Foundation 
                activities; and
                    (D) total representational expenses.

SEC. 305. POWERS OF THE FOUNDATION; RELATED PROVISIONS.

    (a) Powers.--The Foundation--
            (1) shall have perpetual succession unless dissolved by a 
        law enacted after the date of the enactment of this Act;
            (2) may adopt, alter, and use a seal, which shall be 
        judicially noticed;
            (3) may make and perform such contracts, grants, and other 
        agreements with any person or government however designated and 
        wherever situated, as may be necessary for carrying out the 
        functions of the Foundation;
            (4) may determine and prescribe the manner in which its 
        obligations shall be incurred and its expenses allowed and 
        paid, including expenses for representation;
            (5) may lease, purchase, or otherwise acquire, improve, and 
        use such real property wherever situated, as may be necessary 
        for carrying out the functions of the Foundation;
            (6) may accept money, funds, services, or property (real, 
        personal, or mixed), tangible or intangible, made available by 
        gift, bequest grant, or otherwise for the purpose of carrying 
        out the provisions of this Act from domestic or foreign private 
        individuals, charities, nongovernmental organizations, 
        corporations, or governments;
            (7) may use the United States mails in the same manner and 
        on the same conditions as the executive departments;
            (8) may contract with individuals for personal services, 
        who shall not be considered Federal employees for any provision 
        of law administered by the Office of Personnel Management;
            (9) may hire or obtain passenger motor vehicles; and
            (10) shall have such other powers as may be necessary and 
        incident to carrying out this title.
    (b) Principal Office.--The Foundation shall maintain its principal 
office in the metropolitan area of Washington, District of Columbia.
    (c) Applicability of Government Corporation Control Act.--
            (1) In general.--The Foundation shall be subject to chapter 
        91 of subtitle VI of title 31, United States Code, except that 
        the Foundation shall not be authorized to issue obligations or 
        offer obligations to the public.
            (2) Conforming amendment.--Section 9101(3) of title 31, 
        United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the 
        following:
                    ``(R) the International Clean Energy Foundation.''.
    (d) Inspector General.--
            (1) In general.--The Inspector General of the Department of 
        State shall serve as Inspector General of the Foundation, and, 
        in acting in such capacity, may conduct reviews, 
        investigations, and inspections of all aspects of the 
        operations and activities of the Foundation.
            (2) Authority of the board.--In carrying out the 
        responsibilities under this subsection, the Inspector General 
        shall report to and be under the general supervision of the 
        Board.
            (3) Reimbursement and authorization of services.--
                    (A) Reimbursement.--The Foundation shall reimburse 
                the Department of State for all expenses incurred by 
                the Inspector General in connection with the Inspector 
                General's responsibilities under this subsection.
                    (B) Authorization for services.--Of the amount 
                authorized to be appropriated under section 307(a) for 
                a fiscal year, up to $500,000 is authorized to be made 
                available to the Inspector General of the Department of 
                State to conduct reviews, investigations, and 
                inspections of operations and activities of the 
                Foundation.

SEC. 306. GENERAL PERSONNEL AUTHORITIES.

    (a) Detail of Personnel.--Upon request of the Chief Executive 
Officer, the head of an agency may detail any employee of such agency 
to the Foundation on a reimbursable basis. Any employee so detailed 
remains, for the purpose of preserving such employee's allowances, 
privileges, rights, seniority, and other benefits, an employee of the 
agency from which detailed.
    (b) Reemployment Rights.--
            (1) In general.--An employee of an agency who is serving 
        under a career or career conditional appointment (or the 
        equivalent), and who, with the consent of the head of such 
        agency, transfers to the Foundation, is entitled to be 
        reemployed in such employee's former position or a position of 
        like seniority, status, and pay in such agency, if such 
        employee--
                    (A) is separated from the Foundation for any 
                reason, other than misconduct, neglect of duty, or 
                malfeasance; and
                    (B) applies for reemployment not later than 90 days 
                after the date of separation from the Foundation.
            (2) Specific rights.--An employee who satisfies paragraph 
        (1) is entitled to be reemployed (in accordance with such 
        paragraph) within 30 days after applying for reemployment and, 
        on reemployment, is entitled to at least the rate of basic pay 
        to which such employee would have been entitled had such 
        employee never transferred.
    (c) Hiring Authority.--Of persons employed by the Foundation, no 
more than 30 persons may be appointed, compensated, or removed without 
regard to the civil service laws and regulations.
    (d) Basic Pay.--The Chief Executive Officer may fix the rate of 
basic pay of employees of the Foundation without regard to the 
provisions of chapter 51 of title 5, United States Code (relating to 
the classification of positions), subchapter III of chapter 53 of such 
title (relating to General Schedule pay rates), except that no employee 
of the Foundation may receive a rate of basic pay that exceeds the rate 
for level IV of the Executive Schedule under section 5315 of such 
title.
    (e) Definitions.--In this section--
            (1) the term ``agency'' means an executive agency, as 
        defined by section 105 of title 5, United States Code; and
            (2) the term ``detail'' means the assignment or loan of an 
        employee, without a change of position, from the agency by 
        which such employee is employed to the Foundation.

SEC. 307. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

    (a) Authorization of Appropriations.--To carry out this title, 
there are authorized to be appropriated $20,000,000 for each of the 
fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    (b) Allocation of Funds.--
            (1) In general.--The Foundation may allocate or transfer to 
        any agency of the United States Government any of the funds 
        available for carrying out this title. Such funds shall be 
        available for obligation and expenditure for the purposes for 
        which the funds were authorized, in accordance with authority 
        granted in this title or under authority governing the 
        activities of the United States Government agency to which such 
        funds are allocated or transferred.
            (2) Notification.--The Foundation shall notify the 
        appropriate congressional committees not less than 15 days 
        prior to an allocation or transfer of funds pursuant to 
        paragraph (1).

                                Summary

    H.R. 2420, the International Climate Cooperation Re-
engagement Act of 2007 (the ``Act''): declares policy on 
international climate cooperation; establishes an Office on 
Global Climate Change headed by an Ambassador-at-Large for 
Global Climate Change appointed by the President, by and with 
the advice and consent of the Senate; authorizes assistance on 
clean and efficient energy technologies in foreign countries; 
establishes a Global Climate Change Exchange Program; and 
establishes an executive branch agency, the International Clean 
Energy Foundation that is authorized to raise funds and to make 
grants to promote projects outside the United States that serve 
as models of how to significantly reduce the emissions of 
global greenhouse gases.

               Background and Purpose for the Legislation

    The Act responds to the overwhelming global scientific 
consensus, as established by the Intergovernmental Panel on 
Climate Change (IPCC), and confirmed by the National Academy of 
Sciences, that the continued build-up of anthropogenic 
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has been, and is now warming 
the earth and threatens the stability of the global climate. 
Its purpose is to address and contain the threat that 
unmitigated global greenhouse gas emissions pose to U.S. and 
global security given the conclusion of IPCC scientists that 
``business as usual'' could drive up global temperatures by as 
much as 11 degrees Fahrenheit by 2010.
    The Act establishes that climate change is a global problem 
that can only be managed by a coordinated global response that 
reduces global emissions to a level that stabilizes their 
concentrations in the earth's atmosphere. As such, the Act 
seeks to address the inadequacy of the current global regime to 
control climate change, the ``Kyoto Protocol,'' which excludes 
two key industrialized countries, the United States and 
Australia, and three significant developing countries, China, 
India, and Brazil. Currently, the Protocol only restricts the 
emissions of countries accounting for 32 percent of current 
global greenhouse gas emissions. It also addresses the 
inadequacy of U.S. diplomatic engagement in the global effort 
to construct a comprehensive and scientifically viable 
agreement to replace the Kyoto Protocol by establishing, as 
United States policy, the goal of obtaining mitigation 
commitments from all major greenhouse gas emitting countries 
under the institutional framework provided by the United 
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.
    To reach this goal, the Act requires the United States to 
engage in a high-level diplomatic dialogue on climate change 
during 2007 and to develop a plan of action that will lead to 
the adoption of a new comprehensive international agreement 
that will come into force by the time that the Kyoto Protocol's 
first commitment period ends in 2012. The act requires that any 
new comprehensive international agreement is scientifically 
viable and that it protects U.S. economic interests and 
competitiveness in all sectors. Responding to the IPCC 
consensus that concentrations of greenhouse gases in the 
Earth's atmosphere must be stabilized to provide a reasonable 
chance of averting the most damaging impacts of climate change, 
the Act also requires the United States to seek international 
consensus on a target range for stabilizing greenhouse gases 
that reflects IPCC recommendations.
    The Act provides for the authorization for energy export 
policy and assistance programs. Included are findings that 
recognize earlier pieces of legislation that support clean and 
renewable energy exports and how these provisions were largely 
not implemented due to a lack of Federal funding. The findings 
also recognize the importance of emerging markets, particularly 
India and China, in the global climate change challenge, and 
how the challenge of energy security severely affects 
developing countries. The findings promote the need for export 
of clean energy technologies as well as appropriate policy 
frameworks to accept such technologies. It is also noted that 
both public and private sector capital will be needed to 
fulfill future demand.
    The authorizations in this Act affect a number of different 
United States agencies and departments in an effort to promote 
greater utilization of clean and efficient energy technologies 
abroad, especially in emerging markets. One purpose of these 
authorizations is to create market demand and policy frameworks 
in developing countries so that there is greater acceptance of 
clean and efficient energy technologies. Another purpose is to 
leverage the ingenuity and innovation of United States 
companies by promoting greater exports of technologies that can 
lead to reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
    This Act also establishes an ``International Clean Energy 
Foundation'' that focuses on reducing global greenhouse gas 
emissions. Using funds to promote projects outside of the 
United States, the foundation will showcase models of how to 
significantly reduce the emissions of global greenhouse gases 
through clean and efficient energy technologies by leveraging 
resources through partnerships with foreign governments, and 
domestic and foreign private actors.

                                Hearings

    The Committee held two hearings directly related to the 
subject matter of the bill. The first, ``Foreign Policy and 
National Security Implication of Oil Dependence,'' took place 
on March 22, 2007. The second, ``U.S. Re-Engagement in the 
Global Effort to Fight Climate Change,'' took place on May 15, 
2007.

                        Committee Consideration

    On May 12, 2007, the Full Committee held a markup on H.R. 
2420, the International Climate Cooperation Re-Engagement Act 
of 2007, and it was favorably reported to the House, as 
amended, by a recorded vote of 29-16.
    In addition, the following action was taken on the bill 
during the markup:

         LThe Green en bloc amendment was agreed to by 
        voice vote.
         LThe Jackson Lee en bloc amendment was agreed 
        to by voice vote.
         LThe Manzullo substitute was defeated by a 
        recorded vote of 18-27.

                         Votes of the Committee

    There were two recorded votes during the markup on H.R. 
2420. One vote was to favorably report the bill to the House, 
as amended (passed 29-16):

Voting Yes: Lantos, Berman, Ackerman, Faleomavaega, Payne, 
        Sherman, Wexler, Engel, Delahunt, Meeks, Watson, Smith 
        (WA), Carnahan, Tanner, Green, Woolsey, Jackson Lee, 
        Crowley, Wu, Miller, Sanchez, Scott, Costa, Sires, 
        Giffords, Klein, Smith (NJ); Fortenberry, and Fortuno.

Voting No: Ros-Lehtinen, Burton, Rohrabacher, Manzullo, Royce, 
        Chabot, Tancredo, Flake, Pence, Wilson, Boozman, 
        Barrett, McCaul, Poe, Inglis, and Bilirakis.

    In addition, there was a vote on the Manzullo amendment in 
the nature of a substitute (defeated 18-27):

Voting Yes: Ros-Lehtinen, Burton, Rohrabacher, Manzullo, Royce, 
        Chabot, Tancredo, Flake, Pence, Wilson, Boozman, 
        Barrett, Fortenberry, McCaul, Poe, Inglis, Fortuno, and 
        Bilirakis.

Voting No: Lantos, Berman, Ackerman, Faleomavaega, Payne, 
        Sherman, Wexler, Engel, Delahunt, Meeks, Watson, Smith 
        (WA), Carnahan, Tanner, Green, Woolsey, Jackson Lee, 
        Crowley, Wu, Miller, Sanchez, Scott, Costa, Sires, 
        Giffords, Klein, and Smith (NJ).

                      Committee Oversight Findings

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(1) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee reports that the 
findings and recommendations of the Committee, based on 
oversight activities under clause 2(b)(1) of rule X of the 
Rules of the House of Representatives, are incorporated in the 
descriptive portions of this report.

               New Budget Authority and Tax Expenditures

    In compliance with Clause 3(c) (2) of House Rule XIII, the 
Committee adopts as its own the estimate of new budget 
authority, entitlement authority, or tax expenditures or 
revenues contained in the cost estimate prepared by the 
Director of the Congressional Budget Office, pursuant to 
section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974.

               Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate

    In compliance with clause 3(c)(3) of rule XIII of the Rules 
of the House of Representatives, the Committee sets forth, with 
respect to the bill, H.R. 2420, the following estimate and 
comparison prepared by the Director of the Congressional Budget 
Office under section 402 of the Congressional Budget Act of 
1974:

                                     U.S. Congress,
                               Congressional Budget Office,
                                      Washington, DC, June 8, 2007.
Hon. Tom Lantos, Chairman,
Committee on Foreign Affairs,
House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for H.R. 2420, the 
International Climate Cooperation Re-engagement Act of 2007.
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Sunita 
D'Monte, who can be reached at 226-2840.
            Sincerely,
                                           Peter R. Orszag.
Enclosure

cc:
        Honorable Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
        Ranking Member
H.R. 2420--International Climate Cooperation Re-engagement Act of 2007

                                SUMMARY

    H.R. 2420 would authorize the appropriation of funds to 
develop and promote energy technologies that do not release 
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. CBO estimates that 
implementing H.R. 2420 would cost $37 million in 2008 and $772 
million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming appropriation of 
the specified and estimated amounts. While the bill would allow 
the International Clean Energy Foundation to receive and spend 
gifts and donations, CBO estimates that H.R. 2420 would have no 
significant effect on direct spending and receipts.
    H.R. 2420 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector 
mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) 
and would not affect the budgets of state, local, or tribal 
governments.

                ESTIMATED COST TO THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

    The estimated budgetary impact of H.R. 2420 is shown in the 
following table. The costs of this legislation fall within 
budget functions 150 (international affairs) and 370 (commerce 
and housing credit).

                                     By Fiscal Year, in Millions of Dollars
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                       2008     2009     2010     2011     2012
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CHANGES IN SPENDING SUBJECT TO APPROPRIATION 1,2
Foreign Assistance                                                       200      200      200      200      200
  Authorization Level
  Estimated Outlays                                                       20      100      152      177      187

International Clean Energy Foundation                                     20       20       20       20       20
  Authorization Level
  Estimated Outlays                                                       10       17       20       20       20

Interagency Working Group                                                  5        5        5        5        5
  Authorization Level
  Estimated Outlays                                                        4        5        5        5        5

State Department Programs                                                  3        3        3        3        3
  Estimated Authorization Level
  Estimated Outlays                                                        2        3        3        3        3

Commerce Department Programs                                               2        2        3        3        3
  Estimated Authorization Level
  Estimated Outlays                                                        1        2        2        2        2

Total Changes                                                            230      230      231      231      231
  Estimated Authorization Level
  Estimated Outlays                                                       37      127      182      207      217
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ The five-year costs in the text differ slightly from the sum of the annual costs shown here because of
  rounding.
\2\ Enacting H.R. 2420 also could affect revenues and direct spending, but CBO estimates that any such effects
  would be less than $500,000 a year.

                           BASIS OF ESTIMATE

    For this estimate, CBO assumes that this legislation will 
be enacted near the start of fiscal year 2008, that the 
specified and estimated authorization amounts will be 
appropriated near the start of each fiscal year, and that 
outlays will follow historical spending patterns for existing 
and similar programs.
Spending Subject to Appropriation
    H.R. 2420 would authorize the appropriation of an estimated 
$230 million in 2008 and about $1.2 billion over the 2008-2012 
period to develop and promote methods to generate energy using 
solar technology, wind technology, geothermal technology, 
hydroelectric technology, and carbon-capture technology. CBO 
estimates that implementing H.R. 2420 would cost $37 million in 
2008 and $772 million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming 
appropriation of the specified and estimated amounts.
    Foreign Assistance. Section 202 would authorize the 
appropriation of $200 million a year over the 2008-2012 period 
for the United States Agency for International Development 
(USAID) to provide aid to developing countries for the 
development of energy technologies that result in lower 
emissions of greenhouse gases than currently used technologies. 
Based on spending patterns for similar programs, CBO estimates 
that implementing this section would cost $20 million in 2008 
and $636 million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming 
appropriation of the specified amounts.
    International Clean Energy Foundation. Title III would 
establish a government corporation known as the International 
Clean Energy Foundation and authorize the appropriation of $20 
million a year over the 2008-2012 period. The foundation's 
primary goal would be to reduce global emissions of greenhouse 
gases through grant-making, promoting international 
collaboration, fostering alternative energy sources, and 
building a repository of best practices for future initiatives. 
The foundation would make annual reports to the Congress. CBO 
estimates that the foundation would spend $10 million in 2008 
and $87 million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming 
appropriation of the specified amounts.
    Interagency Working Group. Section 208 would authorize the 
appropriation of $5 million a year for the 2008-2012 period for 
an interagency working group that would work to increase 
exports of alternative energy technologies. The working group 
would be composed of the Administrator for USAID, and the 
Secretaries of Commerce and Energy. CBO estimates that 
implementing this section would cost $4 million in 2008 and $24 
million over the 2008-2012 period, assuming appropriation of 
the specified amounts.
    State Department Programs. Section 207 would authorize the 
Secretary of State to establish a new exchange program to 
promote research and cooperation in the area of climate change, 
and would authorize the appropriation of $3 million a year over 
the 2008-2012 period for the program. Section 103 would 
authorize the establishment of an office to address challenges 
posed by global climate change and promote reducing greenhouse 
gases. Since the department already has an Office of Global 
Climate Change, CBO estimates that the new responsibilities 
instituted under the bill would increase spending by less than 
$500,000 a year, assuming appropriation of the estimated 
amounts. Assuming appropriation of the specified and estimated 
amounts, CBO estimates these provisions would cost $2 million 
in 2008 and $16 million over the 2008-2012 period.
    Commerce Department Programs. Other provisions of the bill 
would direct the International Trade Administration to develop 
or expand activities to promote the export of alternative 
energy technologies. Specifically, the bill would expand the 
United States and Foreign Commercial Service to undertake 
business development and outreach efforts in India and China 
and increase trade missions to and from the United States to 
present technologies under development or in use that could be 
exported to other countries. Based on information from the 
agency, CBO estimates that implementing these provisions of the 
bill would cost $1 million in 2008 and $9 million over the 
2008-2012 period, assuming appropriation of the necessary 
amounts.
Direct Spending and Revenues
    Section 302 would allow the International Clean Energy 
Foundation to accept and spend gifts and donations. Any gifts 
and donations to the foundation would increase governmental 
receipts. The spending of those receipts would increase direct 
spending, but CBO estimates this provision would have no 
significant effect on direct spending and receipts.

              INTERGOVERNMENTAL AND PRIVATE-SECTOR IMPACT

    H.R. 2420 contains no intergovernmental or private-sector 
mandates as defined in UMRA and would not affect the budgets of 
state, local, or tribal governments.

                    Performance Goals and Objectives

    The Act is intended to direct the United States to re-
engage in the global effort to construct a comprehensive and 
scientifically viable agreement to reduce global greenhouse gas 
emissions to a level by which their concentrations in the 
Earth's atmosphere might be stabilized. The goal of this 
mandate is to stave off the most severe impacts that the global 
rise in temperature will have on the Earth's ecosystems and 
human civilization.
    Pursuant to clause (3)(c) of House rule XIII, upon 
enactment of this legislation, assistance programs should be 
adjusted to ensure greater focus on creating the market demand 
conditions to accept clean and efficient energy technologies 
and to promote exports of such technologies with the overall 
goal of lowering global greenhouse gas emissions.

                   Constitutional Authority Statement

    Pursuant to clause 3(d) (1) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, the Committee finds the authority 
for this legislation in article I, section 8 of the 
Constitution.

                        New Advisory Committees

    H.R. 2420 does not establish or authorize any new advisory 
committees; however, it does establish an ``International Clean 
Energy Foundation'' within the executive branch of the 
government.

                    Congressional Accountability Act

    H.R. 2420 does not apply to the Legislative Branch.

                         Earmark Identification

    H.R. 2420 does not contain any congressional earmarks, 
limited tax benefits, or limited tariff benefits as defined in 
clause 9(d), 9(e), or 9(f) of rule XXI.

               Section-by-Section Analysis and Discussion

Section 1. Short Title.
    This section provides that the short title of the Act is 
the International Climate Cooperation Re-engagement Act of 
2007.
Section 2. Definitions.
    This section provides for definitions for use in the act.

         TITLE I--UNITED STATES POLICY ON GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

Section. 101. Congressional Findings.
    This section contains findings that acknowledge the global 
scientific consensus, as established by the Intergovernmental 
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and confirmed by the National 
Academy of Sciences, that the continued build-up of 
anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has warmed the 
earth and the stability of the global climate is now 
threatened. These findings highlight the recent estimate of the 
IPCC that unmitigated greenhouse gas emissions could drive up 
global temperatures by as much as 11 degrees Fahrenheit by 
2100. They also establish that climate change is already having 
significant impacts in certain regions of the world and on many 
ecosystems, with poor populations being the most vulnerable.
    The findings establish that climate change is a global 
problem that can only be managed by a coordinated global 
response that reduces global emissions of greenhouse gases to a 
level that stabilizes their concentration in the Earth's 
atmosphere. They also determine that the United Nations 
Framework Convention on Climate Change provides a viable 
foundation to construct a global regime to combat global 
warming and manage its impacts; that the United States along 
with 189 other countries, is a party to the Convention; and 
that the Convention's stated objective is ``to achieve 
stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the 
atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous 
anthropogenic interference with the climate system.''
    The findings lay out the history of the Kyoto Protocol to 
the United Nations Framework Convention that was adopted by the 
third Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-3) in December 
1997, in Kyoto, Japan, which stipulated legally binding 
reductions in greenhouse gas emissions at an average of 5.2 
percent below 1990 levels for industrialized countries, but did 
not stipulate binding reductions in greenhouse gas emissions 
for rapidly industrializing countries such as China, India, and 
Brazil. The findings recall that before negotiations were 
completed on mechanisms for implementing Kyoto Protocol 
commitments on greenhouse gas emissions, George W. Bush took 
office as President of the United States, and in March 2001, 
announced opposition to continued negotiations over 
implementation of the Protocol, stating that the Protocol was 
``fatally flawed.''
    The findings also recall the fact that President Bush 
unveiled an ``alternative'' strategy to the Kyoto Protocol for 
halting global warming on February 14, 2002, and that the 
President's plan did not contain any international component to 
amend or supplant the Kyoto Protocol or any kind of blueprint 
for committing major developing economies such as China, India, 
and Brazil to reduce future greenhouse gas emissions. The 
findings explain that the President's plan set a voluntary 
``greenhouse gas intensity'' target for the United States that 
specified an 18 percent reduction in ``emissions intensity'' by 
2012, a reduction that would allow actual emissions to increase 
by at least 12 percent over the same period. Further, the 
findings recall that on February 16, 2005, after Russia's 
ratification, the Kyoto Protocol entered into force and its 
emissions targets became binding commitments for those 
industrialized countries that had ratified it. The findings 
also point out that because the United States and Australia did 
not ratify the Protocol, and because developing countries are 
not subject to its limits, the Protocol currently restricts 
only 32 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.
    The findings establish that the Kyoto protocol required 
that parties to it begin negotiating in 2005 toward a second 
round of commitments to begin after the expiration of the first 
emissions budget period in 2012, and that the eleventh 
Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-11) in November and 
December 2005 launched negotiations on a second round of 
commitments. The findings also highlight the fact that the COP-
11 meeting initiated a dialogue or ``parallel process'' under 
the UN Framework Convention to engage the United States and 
developing countries on ``future efforts.'' Further, the 
findings recall that at the COP-12 meeting in November 2006 in 
Nairobi, Kenya, parties continued discussions on a second round 
of commitments under the Kyoto Protocol as a successor to the 
first commitment period (2008 through 2012) and, in the 
parallel process, discussed enhanced cooperation under the 
Convention that would engage countries that did not have 
commitments under the Protocol.
    The findings also establish that in March 2007, in Brussels 
Belgium, the head of governments of the European Union 
committed its Member States to cut greenhouse gas emissions 20 
percent below 1990 levels by 2020 and committed to move this 
target up to 30 percent if the United States and other major 
emitters joined the commitment. Further, the findings highlight 
the fact that on April 17, 2007, the United Nations Security 
Council held its first ever ``open meeting'' on the impact of 
climate change on international security wherein British 
Foreign Secretary Margaret Beckett, in her capacity as 
President of the Security Council, declared in her opening 
statement that the Council has a ``security imperative'' to 
tackle climate change because it can exacerbate problems that 
cause conflicts and because it threatens the entire planet. The 
findings point out that at that same Security Council meeting, 
United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon told the Council 
that ``issues of energy and climate have implications for peace 
and security.''
    The findings also establish that Working Group III of the 
IPCC met from April 30 through May 4, 2007, in Bangkok, 
Thailand to assess technologies and policies needed to avert 
dangerous climate change and to provide background for 
negotiations on a post-2012 climate change regime. The findings 
reveal that the report of the IPCC Working Group III concludes 
that by quickly adopting technological options that are 
available or are being developed, the global concentration of 
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere can be stabilized at 450 to 
550 parts per million (ppm), and the IPCC scientists believe 
that such a ceiling might limit the global rise in temperatures 
to no more than 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit and avert impacts of 
escalating scale, scope, and costs, potentially including the 
destabilization of large polar ice sheets that could contribute 
to long-term, catastrophic sea level rise at higher 
temperatures.
    The findings point out that at the Group of Eight (G-8) 
Summit scheduled to be held in Heiligendamm, Germany in June 
2007, climate change and energy have been placed at the top of 
the policy agenda and that during the Summit, the G-8 is 
scheduled to have a dialogue with China, India, South Africa, 
Mexico, and Brazil on the issue.
    Finally, the findings establish that the United Nations 
Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon has indicated that one of his top 
goals is to forge a more comprehensive agreement under the 
Convention to ensure there is no gap when the first commitment 
period under the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012, and that in order 
to reach this goal, critical negotiations involving all of the 
major greenhouse gas emitters, along with the vulnerable 
countries, must be initiated immediately and be completed by 
2009. The findings also recall that on May 1, 2007, the 
Secretary-General named three Special Envoys on Climate Change 
to assist in ``consultations with Governments,'' and that the 
Secretary-General will host a ``high-level meeting'' on climate 
change at the United Nations General Assembly in September 2007 
to give ``political direction'' to the thirteenth Convention 
Conference of the Parties (COP-13) to take place in December 
2007 in Bali, Indonesia.
Section. 102. Congressional Statement of Policy.
    This Section contains a Congressional declaration 
establishing the policy of the United States to be:
    To promote U.S. and global security through leadership of 
the global effort to reduce and stabilize global greenhouse gas 
emissions and stabilize atmospheric concentration of such 
gases. The paragraph stipulates that as such, the U.S. will 
seek to obtain mitigation commitments from all major greenhouse 
gas emitting countries under the institutional framework 
provided by the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate 
Change (UNFCCC);
    To facilitate progress in global negotiations toward a 
comprehensive agreement under the UNFCCC and in service of this 
goal, the United States, will, during the course of 2007, 
engage in high level dialogue on climate within the Group of 8 
(G-8), with the European Union, with Japan and other 
industrialized countries, and with China, India, Brazil, and 
other major developing countries. The United States will also 
participate in the initiative of the Secretary General to build 
consensus among governments on enhanced international 
cooperation;
    To participate more actively and constructively in the 
intergovernmental climate change process, including at the 
thirteenth Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-13) to 
take place in December 2007 in Bali, Indonesia. As such, at the 
COP-13 meeting, the United States will be represented by a 
high-level delegation composed of climate experts and career 
foreign service officers with extensive diplomatic experience, 
including in multi-lateral negotiations, headed by the 
Secretary of State, her Deputy or the Undersecretary for Global 
Affairs;
    To engage in serious discussion of possible future 
commitments under the Convention. These discussions will seek 
to develop a plan of action and time-table with the goal of 
adopting a new international agreement under the Convention 
that stipulates commitments from all major greenhouse gas 
emitters, including the United States and other countries 
listed in Annex 1 to the Convention, China, India, and Brazil, 
at the fifteenth Convention Conference of the Parties (COP-15) 
meeting to take place in 2009. This process will seek to ensure 
that a new instrument will come into force by the time the 
first commitment period under the Kyoto Protocol ends in 2012;
    To protect U.S. national and economic interests and United 
States competitiveness in all sectors by negotiating a new 
instrument under the Convention that is cost effective, 
comprehensive, flexible, and equitable. Such an agreement shall 
at a minimum:

        a.
                require binding mitigation commitments from all 
                major emitting countries based on their level 
                of development;

        b.
                provide for different forms of commitments 
                including economy-wide emissions targets, 
                policy based commitments, sectoral agreements 
                and no-regrets targets;

        c.
                increase cooperation on low-carbon technologies 
                and practices;

        d.
                target all greenhouse gases including sources, 
                sinks, and reservoirs of greenhouse gases. This 
                should expand the current scope of the Kyoto 
                Protocol and Convention to sectors not covered 
                such as, international aviation and maritime 
                sectors;

        e.
                include mechanisms to harness market based 
                solutions, building upon the joint 
                implementation, clean development mechanism and 
                international emissions trading developed under 
                the Kyoto Protocol;

        f.
                include incentives for sustainable forestry 
                management that reflect the value of avoided 
                deforestation;

        g.
                address the need for adaptation, especially for 
                the most vulnerable and poorest countries on 
                the planet;

        h.
                consider the impact on United States industry 
                and contain effective mechanisms to protect 
                United States competitiveness; and

        i.
                include the perspectives and address the 
                concerns of impacted indigenous and tribal 
                populations; and

    To seek international consensus on long-term objectives 
including a target range for stabilizing greenhouse gas 
concentrations. The target range should reflect the consensus 
recommendations of IPCC scientists, who believe that 
concentrations of greenhouse gases in the earth's atmosphere 
must be stabilized to provide a reasonable chance of limiting 
the rise in global temperatures to a level that might avert the 
most damaging impacts of climate change.
Section 103. Office on Global Climate Change.
    Subsection (a) provides for the establishment within the 
Department of State an Office on Global Climate Change.
    Subsection (b) stipulates that the Head of the Office shall 
be the Ambassador-at-Large for Global Climate Change; that the 
Ambassador-at-Large shall be appointed by the President, by and 
with the advice and consent of the Senate.
    Subsection (c) stipulates the duties of the Ambassador-at-
Large to advance the goals of the United States with respect to 
reducing the emissions of global greenhouse gases and 
addressing the challenges posed by global climate change. This 
subsection also stipulates that the Ambassador shall be a 
principal advisor to the President and the Secretary of State 
on matters relating to climate change and shall make 
recommendations to the President and the Secretary of State on 
policies of the United States Government with respect to 
international cooperation on reducing the emission of global 
greenhouse gases and addressing the challenges posed by global 
climate change. Finally, the subsection stipulates that subject 
to the direction of the President and the Secretary of State, 
the Ambassador-at-Large is authorized to represent the United 
States in matters relating to global climate change in contacts 
with foreign governments, intergovernmental organizations, and 
specialized agencies of the United Nations, the Organization on 
Security, and other international organizations of which the 
United States is a member; and multilateral conferences and 
meetings relating to global climate change.
    Subsection (d) directs the Secretary of State to provide 
the Ambassador-at-Large with such funds as may be necessary for 
the hiring of staff for the Office, the conduct of 
investigations by the Office, and for necessary travel to carry 
out the provisions of the section.
    Subsection (e) requires that not later than September 1 of 
each year, the Secretary of State, with the assistance of the 
Ambassador-at-Large, shall prepare and submit to the 
appropriate congressional committees a report on the strategy, 
policies and actions of the United States for reducing the 
emissions of global greenhouse gases and addressing the 
challenges posed by global climate change.

TITLE II--ASSISTANCE TO PROMOTE CLEAN AND EFFICIENT ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES 
                          IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

Section 201. Congressional Findings.
    This section contains Congressional findings.
    Subsection (1) describes that the Energy Policy Act of 1992 
contained several provisions that were designed to expand 
Federal programs that support renewable energy and energy 
efficient equipment exports to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 
but that only a few of the export-related provisions were 
carried out due to a lack of Federal funding by Congress in the 
years following enactment.
    Subsection (2) describes Congressional effort to promote 
the creation of an Interagency Working Group that would support 
a Clean Energy Technology Exports Initiative. The Group would 
use the combined resources of various government agencies to 
promote export of clean energy technologies abroad. This 
Initiative also received low levels of funding and hence has 
not produced significant results.
    Subsection (3) emphasizes the importance of inclusion of 
the emerging economies, such as China and India, as members in 
the International Energy Agency. This would strengthen the 
common interest of importers in encouraging transparent energy 
markets and in planning for supply disruptions. This would 
create a more inclusive environment for policy decisions, 
considering these two countries are thought to become the 
leading emitters of greenhouse gases in the coming decades.
    Subsection (4) describes the challenges of energy security 
in developing countries, where over 1.6 billion people lack 
access to affordable energy services. In these nations, there 
are a number of challenges to providing clean and efficient 
energy. A lack of transparency and accountability results in a 
poor environment for investors, which stems private sector 
investment in clean energy. In addition, bilateral and 
multilateral lending institutions could provide greater 
incentives to companies investing in clean and efficient energy 
technologies by offering preferential financial services and 
instruments to companies who deal with these technologies. The 
social effects of energy insecurity take a tremendous toll on 
the poor and on women and children, who suffer 
disproportionately more. In addition, it has been shown that 
the inaccessibility of energy services can have an adverse 
impact on other development programs in education, health, 
agriculture, and the environment. Finally, a dependence on 
imported fuels leaves countries vulnerable to supply 
disruptions and economic shocks.
    Subsection (5) emphasizes that large energy-consuming 
countries should provide sufficient incentives, investment 
climates, and appropriate policies to accept the implementation 
of the clean and efficient energy technologies.
    Subsection (6) sums up the necessary investment in energy-
supply infrastructure worldwide to meet the demand.
    Subsection (7) emphasizes the point that both public and 
private sector capital will be required to fulfill future 
energy infrastructure demand and that there is an opportunity 
for both sectors to leverage each others resources to promote 
technologies, services, and processes that reduce greenhouse 
gas emissions.
    Subsection (8) explains that the recent launch of the Asia 
Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate by the 
United States Government was meant to accelerate the 
development and deployment of clean energy technologies. The 
major flaw in this Partnership, however, is that it does not 
require binding agreements on emissions reductions from any of 
the partner nations.
Section 202. United States Assistance for Developing Countries.
    Subsection (a) establishes that the Administrator of the 
United States Agency for International Development shall 
support policies and programs in developing countries that 
promote clean and efficient energy technologies. This 
subsection further elaborates that the purpose of this 
authorization is to produce the necessary market conditions for 
the private sector delivery of energy and environmental 
management services and to create an environment that is 
conducive to accepting clean and efficient energy technologies.
    Subsection (b) requires an annual report to be submitted 
that describes what the United States Agency for International 
Development has done to implement subsection (a).
    Subsection (c) authorizes $200,000,000 to carry out this 
section and to be specifically allocated to the United States 
Agency for International Development for each of the fiscal 
years 2008 through 2012.
Section 203. United States Exports and Outreach Program for India and 
        China, and Other Countries.
    Subsection (a) states that the Secretary of Commerce shall 
direct the United States and Foreign Commercial Service to 
expand or create a group of the Foreign Commercial Service 
officers to promote United States exports in clean and 
efficient energy technologies and build the capacity of 
government officials, particularly in India and China, to 
become more familiar with the available technologies. The 
Committee understands that there is a lack of knowledge at the 
state, provincial, or local levels in India and China regarding 
clean and efficient energy technologies. This section seeks to 
address that challenge by appointing Foreign Commercial Service 
attaches, who have expertise in clean and efficient energy 
technologies from the United States, and directing them to 
concentrate on outreach efforts to India and China.
    Subsection (b) requires that the Secretary of Commerce 
submit an annual report to on the implementation of this 
section for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    Subsection (c) specifies that to carry out this section, 
such sums as may be necessary are authorized to the Secretary 
of Commerce for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
Section 204. United States Trade Missions to Encourage Private Sector 
        Trade and Investment.
    Subsection (a) authorizes the Secretary of Commerce to 
direct the International Trade Administration to expand or 
create trade missions to and from the United States that would 
encourage private sector trade and investment in clean and 
efficient energy technologies.
    Subsection (b) requires an annual report be submitted 
regarding the implementation of this section for each of the 
fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    Subsection (c) specifies that to carry out this section, 
such sums as may be necessary are authorized to the Secretary 
of Commerce for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
Section 205. Actions by Overseas Private Investment Corporation.
    This section of the bill contains findings about the 
Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), as well as a 
Sense of Congress on how to promote greater involvement in 
clean energy technologies.
    Subsection (a) makes two findings. First, it states that 
many of the emerging markets within which the OPIC supports 
projects have immense energy needs and will require significant 
investment in the energy sector in the coming decades. Second, 
it states that the use, or lack of use, of clean and efficient 
energy technologies can have a dramatic effect on the rate of 
global greenhouse gas emissions from emerging markets in the 
coming decades. The Committee therefore drew the conclusion 
that there is an opportunity for OPIC to expand its facilities 
to promote greater investment in these technologies.
    Subsection (b) expresses a Sense of Congress that OPIC 
should promote greater investment in clean and efficient energy 
technologies by proactively reaching out to United States 
companies interested in investing in countries that contribute 
significantly to global greenhouse gas emissions--giving 
favored treatment to the evaluation and awarding of projects 
that involve the investment or use of clean and efficient 
energy technologies; and providing greater flexibility in 
supporting projects that involve the investment or use of clean 
and efficient energy technologies.
    Subsection (c) requires that the annual report submitted by 
OPIC include a description of the activities carried out to 
implement this section. If OPIC did not carry out activities to 
implement this section, the report must give an explanation.
Section 206. Actions by United States Trade and Development Agency.
    This section of the bill contains an authorization of 
activities to be undertaken by the United States Trade and 
Development Agency.
    Subsection (a) directs the Director of the Agency to 
establish policies that proactively seek opportunities to fund 
projects that involve the utilization of clean and efficient 
energy technologies, give preferential treatment to the 
evaluation and awarding of projects that involve the 
utilization of clean and efficient energy technologies, and 
recruit and retain individuals with appropriate expertise in 
clean, renewable, and efficient energy technologies. The intent 
of the Committee is to integrate within the Agency a greater 
level of expertise of, and importance for, clean and efficient 
energy technologies.
    Subsection (b) requires that the annual report submitted by 
the President include a description of the activities carried 
out to implement this section.
Section 207. Global Climate Change Exchange Program.
    The subsection (a) authorizes the Secretary of State to 
establish a program, called the ``Global Climate Change 
Exchange Program,'' to strengthen research, educational 
exchange, and international cooperation that would aim to 
reduce global greenhouse gas emissions and address the 
challenges posed by global climate change.
    Subsection (b) describes the two key elements of the 
Program. First, the Program shall include the financing of 
studies, research, instruction, and other educational 
activities dedicated to reducing carbon emissions and 
addressing the challenge of global climate change. These 
activities can be carried out by United States citizens or 
foreign nationals in universities, governments, organizations, 
companies, or other institutions. The Committee's intent is to 
allow flexibility in terms of the participants of the Program 
so that those individuals who are best qualified to engage in 
the aforementioned activities for the purposes described in 
subsection (a) are selected. Second, the Program shall include 
the financing of visits and exchanges between the United States 
and other countries of individuals who focus on reducing 
greenhouse gas emissions and addressing the challenges posed by 
global climate change as a part of their profession or 
research. These individuals may include students, trainees, 
teachers, instructors, professors, researchers, and other 
persons who study, teach, and conduct research in subjects such 
as the physical sciences, environmental science, public policy, 
economics, urban planning, and other subjects.
    Subsection (c) requires that an annual report be submitted 
by the Secretary of State on the implementation of this section 
for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    Subsection (d) authorizes $3,000,000 to carry out this 
section and to be specifically allocated to the Secretary of 
State for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
Section 208. Interagency Working Group to Support a Clean Energy 
        Technology Exports Initiative.
    This section authorizes the President to provide assistance 
to the Interagency Working Group to support the Clean Energy 
Technology Exports Initiative. The intent of the Committee is 
to bolster the work currently being carried out by the Working 
Group for this Initiative.
    Subsection (a) describes the three main purposes of the 
authorization. First, the assistance shall be provided to the 
Working Group to improve the ability of the United States to 
respond to international competition by leveraging the 
resources of many Federal departments and agencies effectively 
and efficiently and by raising policy issues that may hamper 
the export of United States clean energy technologies abroad. 
Second, the assistance would allow the Working Group to 
fulfill, as appropriate, the mission and objectives as 
described in the report entitled, ``Five-Year Strategic Plan of 
the Clean Energy Technology Exports Initiative,'' which was 
submitted to Congress in October 2002. Third, the authorization 
calls for the President to raise the importance and level of 
oversight of the Working Group to the heads of the Federal 
departments and agencies who are currently participating in the 
Initiative. The Committee believes that this Initiative has 
suffered from a lack of funding and significance in the 
interagency process. Therefore, this authorization seeks 
rectify both deficiencies in order to create a more effective 
Interagency Working Group to address the objectives as 
described by subsection (a).
    Subsection (b) requires that an annual report be submitted 
jointly by the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development, the Secretary of Commerce, and the 
Secretary of Energy on the implementation of this section for 
each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.
    Subsection (c) authorizes $5,000,000 to carry out this 
section for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 2012.

            TITLE III--INTERNATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY FOUNDATION

    This title establishes an ``International Clean Energy 
Foundation'' that focuses on reducing global greenhouse gas 
emissions by using funds to promote projects outside of the 
United States that serve as models of how to significantly 
reduce the emissions of global greenhouse gases through clean 
and efficient energy technologies, processes and services and 
by leveraging resources through partnerships with foreign 
governments, and domestic and foreign private actors.
Section 301. Definitions.
    This section describes definitions of the terms to be used 
in Title III of this Act.
Section 302. Establishment and Management of Foundation.
    This section provides for the establishment and management 
functions of the Foundation.
    Subsection (a) establishes the ``International Clean Energy 
Foundation'' within the executive branch of the government as a 
government corporation. The Foundation shall be governed by a 
Board of Directors, which will be chaired by the Secretary of 
State. The intent of the Committee is that this Foundation will 
serve the long-term foreign policy and energy security goals of 
reducing global greenhouse gas emissions.
    Subsection (b) establishes the position of Chief Executive 
Officer (CEO) to be responsible for the management of the 
Foundation. The CEO shall be appointed by the Board and must be 
a recognized and credible leader in clean and efficient energy 
technologies and climate change issues. It is the intent of the 
Committee that the person appointed by the Board and confirmed 
with the advice and consent of the United States Senate has 
significant experience in the fields of energy security, 
business, or foreign policy. The CEO shall report to, and be 
under the direct authority of, the Board and have the relevant 
compensation and rank. This subsection further specifies that 
the CEO shall be responsible for the management of the 
Foundation, exercising the powers and discharging the duties of 
the Foundation and shall appoint all officers of the 
Foundation, having consulted and received approval from the 
Board.
    Subsection (c) establishes the Board of Directors and 
specifies the duties, membership, and other terms of the Board. 
The Board shall perform the functions specified in this title 
and may prescribe, amend, and repeal bylaws, rules, 
regulations, and procedures that specify how the Foundation 
operates and exercises its power. The members of the board are 
to include the Secretary of State (or the Secretary's 
designee), the Secretary of Energy (or the Secretary's 
designee), the Administrator of the United States Agency for 
International Development (or the Administrator's designee), 
and four other individuals with relevant experience in energy 
security who shall be appointed by the President, by and with 
the advice and consent of the Senate, and among a list of 
individuals submitted by the majority and minority leaders of 
the House and Senate. The CEO shall serve as a nonvoting, ex-
officio member of the Board. This subsection further specifies 
the other structures of the Board, including the terms and the 
procedures to fill vacancies. In addition, the Board shall be 
chaired by the Secretary of State (or the Secretary's designee) 
and a quorum is constituted by a majority of the members of the 
Board. Finally, this subsection describes how often the Board 
shall meet and the compensation for the members of the Board.
Section 303. Duties of Foundation.
    This section describes the five major duties of the 
Foundation.
    First, the Foundation shall use the funds authorized by 
this title to make grants to promote projects outside of the 
United States that serve as models of how to significantly 
reduce the emissions of global greenhouse gases through clean 
and efficient energy technologies, processes, and services.
    Second, the Foundation shall seek contributions from 
foreign governments, especially those rich in energy resources 
(such as member countries of the Organization of the Petroleum 
Exporting Countries), and private organizations, to supplement 
funds made available under this title.
    Third, the Foundation shall harness global expertise 
through collaborative partnerships with foreign governments and 
domestic and foreign private actors, including non-governmental 
organizations and private sector companies, by leveraging 
public and private capital, technology, expertise, and services 
towards innovative models that can be instituted to reduce 
global greenhouse gas emissions.
    Fourth, the Foundation shall create a repository of 
information on best practices and lessons learned on the 
utilization and implementation of clean and efficient energy 
technologies and processes to be used for future initiatives to 
tackle the climate change crisis.
    Fifth, the Foundation shall be committed to minimizing 
administrative costs and to maximizing the availability of 
funds for grants under this title.
    The Committee believes that through the use of relatively 
small amounts of seed capital, the Foundation will be able to 
leverage the resources and technology of public and private 
partners around the world to develop models of how clean and 
efficient energy technologies can be used to reduce greenhouse 
gas emissions. The Committee believes that the Foundation can 
provide a variety of functions to facilitate the creation of 
these partnerships and to act as a clearinghouse or matchmaker 
for innovative ideas and models utilizing clean and efficient 
energy technologies. The Committee believes there is a largely 
untapped global demand for both clean and efficient energy 
technologies and the markets within which such technologies can 
be used. It is, therefore, the intent of the Committee to 
establish the Foundation to bring together public and private 
actors who have an interest in reducing global greenhouse gas 
emissions to find ways in which this global demand can be met.
Section 304. Annual Report.
    The subsection (a) requires that the Foundation submit an 
annual report on the policies and activities undertaken during 
the prior fiscal year to implement this title.
    The subsection (b) specifies that the Report include the 
total financial resources available to the Foundation during 
the year, including appropriated funds and the value and source 
of any gifts or donations accepted; a description of the 
Board's policy priorities for the year and the basis upon which 
competitive grant proposals were solicited and awarded to 
nongovernmental institutions and other organizations; a list of 
grants made to nongovernmental institutions and other 
organizations that includes the identity of the institutional 
recipient, the dollar amount, and the results of the program; 
and the total administrative and operating expenses of the 
Foundation for the year.
Section 305. Powers of the Foundation; Related Provisions.
    This section of the Act describes the Powers of the 
Foundation and other related provisions.
    The subsection (a) establishes the Powers of the 
Foundation. The Powers include the Foundation having perpetual 
succession; making and performing contract, grants and other 
agreements, determining and prescribing the manner in which its 
obligations are incurred and expenses paid; accepting funds, 
services, and property made available by gift, grant, or 
otherwise from domestic or foreign private individuals, 
charities, nongovernmental organizations, corporations, or 
governments; contracting with individuals for personal 
services; and other powers as may be necessary to carry out 
this title. It is the intent of the Committee that the 
Foundation is given such Powers as may be necessary to accept 
funds, technology, services, or other resources from public and 
private sources in order to carry out the duties of the 
Foundation.
    The subsection (b) specifies that the the Foundation shall 
maintain its principal office in the metropolitan area of 
Washington, District of Columbia.
    The subsection (c) describes the applicability of 
Government Corporation Control Act.
    The subsection (d) establishes that the Inspector General 
of the Department of State shall serve as Inspector General of 
the Foundation, and may conduct reviews, investigations, and 
inspections of all aspects of the operations and activities of 
the Foundation. The Inspector General shall report to and be 
under the general supervision of the Board. The Foundation 
shall reimburse the Department of State for all expenses 
incurred by the Inspector General in connection with the 
Inspector General's responsibilities under this subsection. The 
subsection further specifies that of the amount authorized to 
be appropriated for a fiscal year for the Foundation, up to 
$500,000 can be used by the Inspector General of the Department 
of State to conduct reviews, investigations, and inspections of 
operations and activities of the Foundation.
Section 306. General Personnel Authorities.
    This section of the Act specifies the personnel assignment, 
rights, hiring and pay practices for the Foundation.
    The subsection (a) establishes the authority and process of 
temporarily requesting an employee reassignment from another 
United States Government agency or department. Upon request of 
the CEO, the head of an agency may assign any employee of such 
agency to the Foundation on a reimbursable basis. For the 
purpose of preserving such employee's allowances, privileges, 
rights, seniority, and other benefits, any employee reassigned 
to the Foundation remains an employee of the agency from which 
he or she originates.
    The subsection (b) describes the reemployment rights.
    The subsection (c) describes the hiring authority of the 
Foundation. It specifies that of persons employed by the 
Foundation, no more than 30 persons may be appointed, 
compensated, or removed without regard to the civil service 
laws and regulations.
    The subsection (d) describes the basic pay principles and 
specifies how the CEO may fix the rate of basic pay of 
employees of the Foundation.
    The subsection (e) describes the definitions used in this 
section of the bill.
Section 307. Authorization of Appropriations.
    Subsection (a) authorizes $20,000,000 to be appropriated to 
carry out this title for each of the fiscal years 2008 through 
2012.
    The subsection (b) stipulates that the Foundation may 
allocate or transfer to any agency of the United States 
Government any of the funds available for carrying out this 
title. Such funds shall be available for obligation and 
expenditure for the purposes for which the funds were 
authorized, in accordance with authority granted in this title 
or under authority governing the activities of the United 
States Government agency to which such funds are allocated or 
transferred. This subsection requires the Foundation to notify 
the appropriate congressional committees at least 15 days prior 
to an allocation or transfer of funds in the case described 
above.

         Changes in Existing Law Made by the Bill, as Reported

    In compliance with clause 3(e) of rule XIII of the Rules of 
the House of Representatives, changes in existing law made by 
the bill, as reported, are shown as follows (new matter is 
printed in italics and existing law in which no change is 
proposed is shown in roman):

                      TITLE 5, UNITED STATES CODE

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
PART III--EMPLOYEES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

SUBPART D--PAY AND ALLOWANCES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

CHAPTER 53--PAY RATES AND SYSTEMS

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

SUBCHAPTER II--EXECUTIVE SCHEDULE PAY RATES

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

Sec. 5314. Positions at level III

    Level III of the Executive Schedule applies to the 
following positions, for which the annual rate of basic pay 
shall be the rate determined with respect to such level under 
chapter 11 of title 2, as adjusted by section 5318 of this 
title:
            Solicitor General of the United States.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

            Chief Executive Officer, International Clean Energy 
        Foundation.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                              ----------                              

                      TITLE 31, UNITED STATES CODE

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *
Subtitle VI--Miscellaneous

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

CHAPTER 91--GOVERNMENT CORPORATIONS

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

Sec. 9101. Definitions

    In this chapter--
            (1) * * *

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

            (3) ``wholly owned Government corporation'' means--
                    (A) * * *

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                    (R) the International Clean Energy 
                Foundation.

           *       *       *       *       *       *       *

                            DISSENTING VIEWS

    H.R. 2420 seeks to reduce global climate change by, among 
other things, adding approximately $1.14 billion in new 
spending over Fiscal Years 2008-2012 and increasing the size of 
government by creating a new office, a new foundation, a new 
educational exchange program and a new interagency working 
group.
    We strongly support the goal of reducing greenhouse gases 
through sound policies that do not disadvantage America's 
overall competitiveness. However, it has not been shown that 
this bill's authorizations of new spending and creation of 
duplicative bureaucracies will either reduce greenhouse gases 
or promote clean energy exports. Moreover, this legislation 
does not address other forms of pollution, such as the lack of 
supply and access to clean water in many parts of the world, 
which may also be of immediate importance to our national 
interests.
    Unfortunately, the Minority was not provided with adequate 
opportunity to offer constructive input during the drafting of 
this legislation. The manner in which the bill was moved 
through the Committee, with only one hearing and without any 
official input from the Administration, avoided the 
consideration and due diligence required for legislation that 
would purport to effectively address a challenge such as global 
warming.
    It is worth noting as well that the House of 
Representatives had only just recently debated the Intelligence 
Authorization Act, which contained a provision mandating that 
the intelligence community use its resources to develop a 
National Intelligence Estimate on the issue of global warming. 
While concerns about using intelligence funds for that purpose 
were expressed during debate on that measure, the relevant 
provision was adopted by the House. In that context, the 
Minority had anticipated that the Majority would seek to first 
receive that assessment of the nature and extent of the 
problem, as well as the range of factors contributing to it and 
recommendations on how best to address these issues. 
Nevertheless, H.R. 2420 was marked up on May 23rd without 
further review beyond the one committee hearing held on May 
15th, 2007.
Amendment in the Nature of a Substitute
    Representative Donald Manzullo sponsored an amendment in 
the nature of a substitute to H.R. 2420 in an honest effort to 
improve the underlying legislation. Mr. Manzullo's proposed 
amendment would have broadened the focus of the bill to 
encompass all forms of global pollution, providing necessary 
emphasis to the dangers posed by global water pollution and 
food contamination. It would also have added Brazil to India 
and China as priority countries to be enlisted in fighting 
global pollution. The amendment retained key provisions from 
H.R. 2420, including trade promotion provisions, but it tasked 
the existing Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee (TPCC), 
rather than the proposed Interagency Working Group, with the 
duty to promote exports. The TPCC is clearly a better 
alternative to the underlying bill's proposed Interagency 
Working Group, because it includes all the important 
stakeholders responsible for trade promotion, including the 
Export-Import Bank of the United States, the U.S. Trade 
Representative (USTR), and the Environmental Protection Agency 
(EPA).
    The Manzullo amendment in the nature of a substitute does 
not create any additional bureaucracy, instead consolidating 
existing offices within the State Department's Bureau of Oceans 
and International Environment and Scientific Affairs (OES) into 
one office (Environmental Directorate) while elevating the head 
of this consolidated office to the rank of Ambassador-at-Large. 
The amendment would also have eliminated the bill's proposed 
International Clean Energy Foundation, since the Foundation 
would only duplicate much of the work already being carried out 
by the federal government and various international 
organizations.
Specific Concerns
    Title I of the bill contains a provision that creates a new 
office within the U.S. Department of State to coordinate 
America's diplomatic initiatives to fight climate change. The 
creation of the Office on Global Climate Change in section 103 
of Title 1 duplicates the current work of OES, in particular 
the existing Office of Global Climate Change that already has 
20 employees. In fact, OES contains five offices that have 
jurisdiction over climate change and global environmental 
issues. Creating a new Office on Global Change as directed in 
section 103 is duplicative.
    Provisions in Title II of the bill contain new 
authorizations for spending as well as policy directives that 
have not been proven to adequately reduce climate change. 
According to this legislation, the U.S. Agency for 
International Development (USAID) will be authorized $1 billion 
over five years to assist developing countries to ``create 
market conditions'' for clean energy technology. The authors of 
H.R. 2420 have noted separately, however, that actual spending 
by USAID for those and similar efforts has already totaled 
between $100 million and $180 million annually in recent years.
    The overall focus of Title II of the bill is too limiting. 
For example, by only including India and China as countries of 
particular concern regarding climate change, H.R. 2420 neglects 
to include significant contributors to greenhouse emissions 
such as Brazil. While the amendment successfully offered by 
Representative Gene Green of Texas rectified this problem 
somewhat, by granting discretion to the Secretary of Commerce 
to add countries as he sees fit, we must be certain that 
countries such as Brazil are included as a matter of sound 
policy. This legislation omits key executive branch agencies 
such as the Export-Import Bank, USTR, and EPA from the 
Interagency Working Group carrying out the task of promoting 
clean energy exports at a cost of $25 million over five years. 
The bill's proposed Global Climate Change educational exchange 
program again duplicates ongoing programs already being carried 
out by the executive branch, but at a cost of $15 million over 
five years.
    Title III of H.R. 2420 proposes a new federally-supported 
organization titled as the International Clean Energy 
Foundation, which would duplicate the grant-making work of the 
State Department, USAID, and the United Nations. While creating 
the Foundation is an interesting idea worthy of examination, 
the duties assigned to this new entity are not new or unique. 
H.R. 2420 authorizes the Foundation at $100 million over five 
years, and essentially guarantees that the Foundation will 
exist in perpetuity regardless of whether the authorizing 
legislation creating it is renewed.
    Finally, the bill continues to miss the mark with regard to 
a Congressional statement of policy in Section 102(5)(A) 
requiring binding commitments on greenhouse gas emissions from 
all major emitting countries based on their level of 
development (emphasis added). This allows the largest polluters 
such as China, India, and Brazil to continue to escape binding 
commitments by claiming the status of developing countries 
despite the best intentions of the authors of H.R. 2420. It is 
worth recalling that the United States Senate voted 95-0 in 
1997 against joining any convention that required the U.S. to 
cap emissions while giving a pass to large developing nations.
Conclusion
    H.R. 2420 purports to address the critical issue of global 
climate change, but, as it is currently drafted, does not come 
forth with policies that will effectively do so. The amendment 
in the nature of a substitute offered by Representative 
Manzullo reflected the Minority's interest in crafting truly 
effective and sound policy to address all forms of pollution.

                                   Ileana Ros-Lehtinen.
                                   Donald A. Manzullo.
                                   Dan Burton.
                                   Elton Gallegly.
                                   Edward R. Royce.
                                   Steve Chabot.
                                   Thomas G. Tancredo.
                                   Joe Wilson.
                                   John Boozman.
                                   J. Gresham Barrett.
                                   Connie Mack.
                                   Ted Poe.
                                   Michael T. McCaul.
                                   Bob Inglis.
                                   Luis G. Fortuno.
                                   Gus M. Bilirakis.

                                 
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