Cr Pr 2-2 (5-04)

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released May 12, 2004, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of

Agriculture. For information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Winter Wheat Production Down 9 Percent from 2003

All Orange Production Unchanged from April

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.55 billion bushels, down 9 percent from 2003. Based on May 1

conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 44.2 bushels per acre, 2.5 bushels less than last year. Grain area totals

35.1 million acres, down 4 percent from last season.

Hard Red production is down 14 percent from a year ago to 910 million bushels. Soft Red is up 5 percent and

totals 399 million bushels. White production totals 242 million bushels, down 9 percent from a year ago.

The U.S. all orange May 1 forecast for the 2003-04 crop is 13.1 million tons, unchanged from the April 1

forecast but 14 percent above last season's final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast, at 245 million boxes

(11.0 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 21 percent above the previous season. Early

and midseason varieties in Florida are forecast at 126 million boxes (5.67 million tons), unchanged from last

month but 13 percent above the previous season. Harvest of the early and midseason varieties is complete. 

Florida's Valencia forecast is 119 million boxes (5.36 million tons), unchanged from the April forecast but

31 percent above last season's final utilization. Citrus trees in Florida groves are in excellent condition with

the bloom period completed in mid-March. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are

carried over from April 1.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield projection is increased from 1.54 to 1.55 gallons

per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.45 gallons per box. The Valencia

portion is raised to 1.67 gallons per box from 1.64 with processors reporting very high weekly Valencia yields

in spite of relatively dry weather in the citrus belt. All projections of yield assume that the processing

relationships this year will be similar to those of the past several years.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 2 NASS, USDA

This report was approved on May 12, 2004.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

J. B. Penn

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Rich Allen
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Almonds .............................................................................. 8

Bananas ............................................................................. 15

Citrus ................................................................................ 7

Cotton ............................................................................... 16

 Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts ......................................................... 19

 Cotton Harvest Loss per Acre ........................................................... 18

Cottonseed ........................................................................... 18

Crop Comments ....................................................................... 30

Crop Summary ........................................................................ 20

Guavas .............................................................................. 15

Hay Stocks ............................................................................ 6

Information Contacts ................................................................... 37

Papayas .............................................................................. 15

Peaches ............................................................................... 8

Potatoes, Spring ........................................................................ 8

Reliability of Production Data in this Report ................................................. 35

Taro ................................................................................ 15

Tobacco by Class and Type .............................................................. 10

Tobacco by States ....................................................................... 9

Tobacco - Farm Marketings .............................................................. 14

Weather Maps ........................................................................ 26

Weather Summary ..................................................................... 28

Wheat, Durum ......................................................................... 5

Wheat, by Class ........................................................................ 5

Wheat, Winter ......................................................................... 4
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 4 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2002-2003 and Forecasted May 1, 2004

State

Harvested Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

MD

MI

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WY

Oth

 Sts 1

US

570

370

2,200

47

230

720

810

430

10,000

330

145

660

125

870

1,720

1,820

120

410

1,000

4,600

940

165

185

1,380

270

3,450

160

1,800

145

869

36,541

630

310

1,800

43

200

680

970

420

9,000

350

145

620

205

950

1,600

1,850

97

480

880

4,300

840

135

180

1,440

270

3,600

155

1,700

135

1,097

35,082

50.0

61.0

35.0

41.0

46.0

80.0

65.0

69.0

48.0

62.0

37.0

68.0

49.0

61.0

37.0

46.0

53.0

36.0

68.0

39.0

51.0

43.0

39.0

43.0

50.0

28.0

46.0

65.0

27.0

47.0

46.7

51.0

75.0

30.0

63.0

40.0

81.0

62.0

63.0

41.0

65.0

61.0

69.0

51.0

55.0

33.0

39.0

55.0

45.0

68.0

36.0

53.0

50.0

40.0

38.0

53.0

33.0

63.0

63.0

25.0

45.1

44.2

38,180

22,800

36,300

3,710

7,980

48,510

30,870

16,430

270,600

17,160

11,220

29,480

7,200

33,440

21,840

50,160

6,844

18,060

50,220

103,600

29,820

9,805

6,290

20,100

14,100

78,300

10,370

104,400

2,375

36,837

1,137,001

28,500

22,570

77,000

1,927

10,580

57,600

52,650

29,670

480,000

20,460

5,365

44,880

6,125

53,070

63,640

83,720

6,360

14,760

68,000

179,400

47,940

7,095

7,215

59,340

13,500

96,600

7,360

117,000

3,915

40,827

1,707,069

32,130

23,250

54,000

2,709

8,000

55,080

60,140

26,460

369,000

22,750

8,845

42,780

10,455

52,250

52,800

72,150

5,335

21,600

59,840

154,800

44,520

6,750

7,200

54,720

14,310

118,800

9,765

107,100

3,375

49,481

1,550,395

 1 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual State level estimates will be

published in the "Small Grains 2004 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 5 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2002-2003 and Forecasted May 1, 2004 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 2

US

115

115

630

1,980

29

2,869

105

105

100.0

100.0

23.0

29.5

25.4

33.7

100.0

100.0

8,928

9,000

12,995

48,750

287

79,960

11,500

11,500

14,490

58,410

737

96,637

10,500

10,500

 1 Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2004. Yield and production

will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2004. 2 Other States include MN and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2004 Summary."

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2002-2003

and Forecasted May 1, 2004 1

Year

Winter Spring 2

Hard Total

Red

Soft

Red White HardRed White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

2002

2003

2004

620,328

1,062,889

910,071

320,968

379,196

398,739

195,705

264,984

241,585

351,439

499,926

37,478

32,894

79,960

96,637

1,605,878

2,336,526

 1 Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data. The previous end-of-season class percentages are used

throughout the forecast season. 2 Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2004.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 6 NASS, USDA

Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States,

December 1 and May 1, 2001-2004

State

Dec 1 May 1

2001 2002 2003 2002 2003 2004

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

2,100

223

2,280

1,930

1,990

59

16

510

1,599

2,568

1,600

1,311

4,300

5,600

4,214

1,096

152

355

103

3,450

4,213

1,833

7,279

4,192

4,440

776

50

90

586

2,253

1,215

5,092

3,366

3,150

1,901

2,100

9

448

8,235

3,941

7,235

1,494

253

2,439

1,513

939

4,380

1,506

110,384

1,750

203

2,755

1,840

1,548

73

9

475

1,295

2,824

1,370

1,037

3,900

4,800

3,975

662

161

274

77

2,024

4,183

1,631

6,897

4,086

3,278

882

55

61

550

2,169

934

4,300

1,666

5,357

2,550

2,138

10

413

5,825

3,318

10,460

1,210

240

2,329

1,600

934

3,600

1,250

102,978

1,764

280

2,700

2,048

1,841

79

12

434

1,494

2,772

1,797

1,561

3,695

5,600

5,035

937

145

377

81

1,872

3,567

1,125

7,188

3,986

5,244

857

63

96

525

2,430

1,625

4,690

2,504

3,994

2,395

2,440

9

601

7,210

3,830

9,910

1,495

332

2,515

1,620

957

3,110

1,910

110,752

650

28

280

228

535

9

5

90

350

444

355

287

1,050

1,040

943

200

25

62

31

773

680

390

1,063

935

1,250

111

9

15

65

600

158

1,065

517

475

183

550

2

110

1,900

770

1,573

215

87

420

170

205

1,375

180

22,458

254

45

588

200

360

14

4

80

230

635

285

96

1,100

1,150

513

173

39

55

21

462

815

249

1,083

953

870

167

9

11

98

520

50

940

215

1,190

340

380

1

65

1,154

504

3,888

175

80

272

285

95

1,100

200

22,013

487

55

600

300

610

13

4

52

342

445

408

253

605

1,400

1,466

115

29

60

17

250

575

244

1,470

790

1,596

121

12

40

115

552

405

828

556

1,200

377

570

2

186

1,515

1,182

2,849

279

86

758

470

191

920

465

25,865
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 7 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

2001-2002, 2002-2003 and Forecasted May 1, 2004 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless 5

 FL

 Colored Seedless

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 4 6

 CA 4 6

 FL 7

 US

Lemons 4

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

270

32,000

128,000

1,530

161,800

250

19,500

102,000

210

121,960

520

51,500

230,000

1,740

283,760

1,550

18,900

27,800

160

5,900

46,700

5,900

58,660

620

2,200

6,600

9,420

2,800

18,300

21,100

2,150

200

41,000

112,000

1,350

154,550

270

20,500

91,000

220

111,990

470

61,500

203,000

1,570

266,540

1,300

16,200

22,500

130

5,600

38,700

5,650

50,080

430

2,500

5,500

8,430

3,000

24,000

27,000

2,350

260

39,000

126,000

1,450

166,710

280

15,000

119,000

230

134,510

540

54,000

245,000

1,680

301,220

1,400

16,000

24,500

100

5,400

40,500

5,400

51,400

600

2,400

6,500

9,500

3,000

23,000

26,000

1,000

10

1,200

5,760

65

7,035

9

731

4,590

9

5,339

19

1,931

10,350

74

12,374

70

803

1,182

5

198

1,985

236

2,424

23

83

314

420

106

695

801

97

8

1,538

5,040

57

6,643

10

769

4,095

9

4,883

18

2,307

9,135

66

11,526

59

689

956

4

188

1,645

226

2,063

16

94

261

371

114

912

1,026

106

10

1,463

5,670

62

7,205

11

563

5,355

10

5,939

21

2,026

11,025

72

13,144

63

680

1,041

3

181

1,721

216

2,121

23

90

309

422

114

874

988

45

 1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos & Temples90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small

quantities of tangerines in TX. 4 Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5 Includes seedy. 6 Includes tangelos and tangors. 7 2001-02 includes Robinson, Fallglo, Sunburst, Dancy, and Honey varieties; 2002-03 through 2003-04 includes Fallglo, Sunburst,

and Honey varieties only.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 8 NASS, USDA

Spring Potatoes: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production

by State and United States, 2003-2004 and Forecasted May 1, 2004

State

Area

Yield Production

Planted Harvested

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AZ

CA

FL

 Hastings

 Other FL

NC

TX

Total

7.6

19.0

30.0

21.5

8.5

19.0

13.0

88.6

6.2

17.5

22.8

16.2

6.6

16.0

11.0

73.5

7.6

19.0

28.6

20.3

8.3

17.0

12.5

84.7

6.2

17.5

22.5

16.0

6.5

15.0

10.5

71.7

275

440

280

280

280

175

240

288

285

380

249

265

210

190

210

266

2,106

7,695

7,381

5,775

1,606

3,230

2,040

22,452

2,090

8,360

8,008

5,684

2,324

2,975

3,000

24,433

1,767

6,650

5,605

4,240

1,365

2,850

2,205

19,077

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California,

2002-2003 and Forecasted May 1, 2004

State

Total Production

2002 2003 2004

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

Freestone

Clingstone 1

Total

796.0

1,124.0

1,920.0

798.0

1,072.0

1,870.0

820.0

1,150.0

1,970.0

 1 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.

Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production,

California, 2002-2003 and Forecasted May 1, 2004

State

Utilized Production

2002 2003 1 2004

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CA 1,090,000 1,040,000 1,100,000

 1 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 9 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value

by State and United States, 2002-2003 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CT

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

US

2,000

4,600

26,500

4,000

111,100

1,200

1,160

1,400

168,300

5,500

3,400

30,500

34,900

30,000

1,300

1,450

427,310

2,180

4,400

27,000

4,200

111,650

1,100

1,250

1,400

159,700

5,300

3,700

30,000

31,140

25,110

1,200

1,820

411,150

1,658

2,600

2,000

1,950

2,007

1,500

1,603

2,230

2,067

1,750

2,004

1,950

2,044

2,147

1,450

2,632

2,039

1,361

2,500

2,200

1,950

2,016

1,450

1,398

2,020

1,878

1,650

2,130

2,100

2,108

1,546

1,300

2,338

1,952

3,315

11,960

53,000

7,800

222,991

1,800

1,859

3,122

347,920

9,625

6,815

59,475

71,331

64,407

1,885

3,817

871,122

2,966

11,000

59,400

8,190

225,042

1,595

1,748

2,828

299,995

8,745

7,880

63,000

65,632

38,818

1,560

4,255

802,654

Price

per Pound

Value of

Production

2002 2003 2002 2003

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CT 2

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA 2

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

CT& MA 3

US 4

5.450

1.879

1.845

1.944

2.015

1.480

5.250

1.900

1.821

1.963

1.379

1.774

2.066

1.876

1.967

1.750

22.500

1.936

3.500

1.851

1.855

1.949

2.027

1.730

3.700

1.940

1.856

1.954

1.367

1.830

2.107

1.868

1.978

1.746

1.961

13,391

22,473

97,785

15,163

449,320

2,664

8,211

5,932

633,534

18,894

9,401

105,509

147,383

120,818

3,708

6,680

25,943

1,686,809

6,860

20,361

110,187

15,962

456,077

2,759

5,276

5,486

556,919

17,088

10,772

115,290

138,290

72,508

3,086

7,431

1,574,232

 1 2002 and 2003 revised. 2 Price and value includes type 51 only. Shade type 61 is not included in State totals to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes type 61 only. CT and MA combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value not available for

2003. 4 Includes estimated 2003 value of production for CT and MA type 61. Used 2002 CT and MA type 61 price to compute the 2003

value of production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 10 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 2002-2003 1

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

43,000

22,000

65,000

98,000

21,000

30,500

51,500

4,600

26,500

31,100

245,600

730

2,450

5,000

7,450

2,400

390

2,790

10,970

4,000

103,000

1,400

6,300

5,500

29,000

7,200

1,300

157,700

1,200

1,300

2,500

160,200

40,000

18,000

58,000

94,000

20,000

30,000

50,000

4,400

27,000

31,400

233,400

550

2,600

5,200

7,800

2,500

400

2,900

11,250

4,200

103,000

1,400

5,700

5,300

25,000

6,500

1,200

152,300

1,100

1,300

2,400

154,700

2,225

2,340

2,264

2,020

2,135

1,950

2,025

2,600

2,000

2,089

2,094

2,015

3,160

3,110

3,126

3,650

3,550

3,636

3,182

1,950

1,915

2,230

1,500

1,750

1,830

1,575

1,450

1,861

1,500

1,850

1,682

1,859

1,770

1,690

1,745

1,955

1,915

2,100

2,026

2,500

2,200

2,242

1,957

1,525

3,080

2,980

3,013

3,530

3,350

3,505

3,067

1,950

1,925

2,020

1,250

1,650

1,900

1,150

1,300

1,850

1,450

2,000

1,748

1,848

95,675

51,480

147,155

197,960

44,835

59,475

104,310

11,960

53,000

64,960

514,385

1,471

7,742

15,550

23,292

8,760

1,385

10,145

34,908

7,800

197,245

3,122

9,450

9,625

53,070

11,340

1,885

293,537

1,800

2,405

4,205

297,742

70,800

30,420

101,220

183,770

38,300

63,000

101,300

11,000

59,400

70,400

456,690

839

8,008

15,496

23,504

8,825

1,340

10,165

34,508

8,190

198,275

2,828

7,125

8,745

47,500

7,475

1,560

281,698

1,595

2,600

4,195

285,893

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 11 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 2002-2003 1 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

2002 2003 2002 2003

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

1.829

1.854

1.838

1.815

1.803

1.774

1.786

1.879

1.845

1.851

1.820

1.884

2.398

2.374

2.382

2.362

2.408

2.368

2.357

1.944

1.980

1.900

1.948

1.963

1.968

1.975

1.967

1.974

1.480

1.250

1.348

1.965

1.857

1.849

1.855

1.856

1.840

1.830

1.834

1.851

1.855

1.854

1.851

1.641

2.480

2.492

2.488

2.450

2.424

2.447

2.455

1.949

1.982

1.940

1.950

1.954

1.975

1.972

1.978

1.977

1.730

1.300

1.463

1.970

174,990

95,444

270,434

359,297

80,838

105,509

186,347

22,473

97,785

120,258

936,336

2,771

18,565

36,916

55,481

20,691

3,335

24,026

82,278

15,163

390,545

5,932

18,409

18,894

104,442

22,397

3,708

579,490

2,664

3,006

5,670

585,160

131,476

56,247

187,723

341,077

70,472

115,290

185,762

20,361

110,187

130,548

845,110

1,377

19,860

38,616

58,476

21,621

3,248

24,869

84,722

15,962

392,981

5,486

13,894

17,088

93,813

14,741

3,086

557,051

2,759

3,380

6,139

563,190

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 12 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 2002-2003 1 (continued)

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT

 MA

 US

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61

All Tobacco

2,100

510

2,610

1,150

70

3,830

2,100

1,350

850

2,200

1,150

300

1,450

3,650

650

310

960

6,710

427,310

2,300

540

2,840

1,250

60

4,150

2,400

1,400

970

2,370

1,400

420

1,820

4,190

780

280

1,060

7,650

411,150

3,000

2,600

2,922

2,560

1,655

2,790

2,100

1,820

1,840

1,828

2,740

2,220

2,632

2,147

1,320

950

1,201

1,997

2,039

2,830

2,400

2,748

2,740

1,400

2,726

2,200

1,400

1,470

1,429

2,480

1,865

2,338

1,824

1,290

1,150

1,253

1,863

1,952

6,300

1,326

7,626

2,944

116

10,686

4,410

2,457

1,564

4,021

3,151

666

3,817

7,838

858

295

1,153

13,401

871,122

6,509

1,296

7,805

3,425

84

11,314

5,280

1,960

1,426

3,386

3,472

783

4,255

7,641

1,006

322

1,328

14,249

802,654

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 13 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 2002-2003 1 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

2002 2003 2002 2003

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT 2

 MA 2

 US 2

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61 3

All Tobacco 4

2.135

2.029

2.117

2.061

1.778

2.098

1.450

5.450

5.250

5.372

1.750

1.750

1.750

3.608

22.500

4.524

1.936

2.223

2.016

2.189

2.086

1.707

2.154

1.400

3.500

3.700

3.584

1.750

1.730

1.746

2.561

2.086

1.961

13,451

2,690

16,141

6,068

206

22,415

6,395

13,391

8,211

21,602

5,514

1,166

6,680

28,282

25,943

60,620

1,686,809

14,470

2,613

17,083

7,145

143

24,371

7,392

6,860

5,276

12,136

6,076

1,355

7,431

19,567

26,959

1,574,232

 1 2002 and 2003 revised. 2 CT and MA type 61 price and value for 2002 combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value not available

for 2003. 3 The 2003 price and value exclude type 61. 4 Includes estimated 2003 value of production for CT and MA type 61. Used 2002 CT and MA type 61 price to compute the 2003

value of production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 14 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class,

Month, and State, 2003 Marketing Year

Class

and

State

2003 2004

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Total

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

Flue-cured

 FL

 GA

 NC

 SC

 VA

Fire-cured

 VA

 KY

 TN

Air-cured

 IN

 KY

 MD

 MO 1

 NC

 OH

 PA 1

 TN

 VA

 WV 1

15

8

3

5

2

50

49

36

44

30

35

41

45

44

42

2

16

7

25 1

34

31

36

38

37

34

95

32

40

48

29

41

48

5

78

42

27

24

16

28

19

18

18

43

7

5

5

3

4

15

96 4

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

 1 Sales by month are not available.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 15 NASS, USDA

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 2003-2004

Month

Area Fresh Production 1

Total in Crop Harvested

2003 2004

2003 2004 2003 2004

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Mar

Apr

2,260

2,250

2,110

2,110

1,515

1,735

1,165

1,160

4,215

3,485

2,750

2,640

 1 Utilized fresh production.

Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield,

and Production, Hawaii, 2002-2003

Crop

Area Harvested Yield Production

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003

Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Bananas 1 2

Guavas 2

Papayas 2 3

Taro 4

1,330

550

1,720

430

1,350

530

1,565

420

15.0

17.6

26.7

16.7

12.6

27.2

20,000

9,700

45,900

6,100

22,500

6,700

42,600

5,000

 1 2002 and 2003 revised. 2 Only utilized production is estimated. 3 2003 revised. 4 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 16 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield

by Type, State, and United States, 2002-2003 1

Type

and

State

Area

Planted

Area

Harvested Yield

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

590.0

215.0

960.0

480.0

120.0

1,450.0

80.0

520.0

1,170.0

380.0

54.0

940.0

200.0

290.0

565.0

5,600.0

100.0

13,714.0

8.3

210.0

7.1

18.5

243.9

590.0

223.3

960.0

690.0

120.0

1,450.0

80.0

520.0

1,170.0

380.0

61.1

940.0

200.0

290.0

565.0

5,618.5

100.0

13,957.9

525.0

215.0

980.0

550.0

94.0

1,300.0

90.0

525.0

1,110.0

400.0

53.0

810.0

180.0

220.0

560.0

5,600.0

89.0

13,301.0

2.5

150.0

6.1

20.0

178.6

525.0

217.5

980.0

700.0

94.0

1,300.0

90.0

525.0

1,110.0

400.0

59.1

810.0

180.0

220.0

560.0

5,620.0

89.0

13,479.6

540.0

213.0

920.0

477.0

105.0

1,360.0

68.0

495.0

1,150.0

368.0

50.0

920.0

180.0

200.0

530.0

4,500.0

98.0

12,174.0

8.2

209.0

7.1

18.3

242.6

540.0

221.2

920.0

686.0

105.0

1,360.0

68.0

495.0

1,150.0

368.0

57.1

920.0

180.0

200.0

530.0

4,518.3

98.0

12,416.6

510.0

213.0

945.0

545.0

92.0

1,290.0

80.0

510.0

1,090.0

390.0

38.0

770.0

170.0

218.0

530.0

4,350.0

85.0

11,826.0

2.4

149.0

6.0

20.0

177.4

510.0

215.4

945.0

694.0

92.0

1,290.0

80.0

510.0

1,090.0

390.0

44.0

770.0

170.0

218.0

530.0

4,370.0

85.0

12,003.4

507

1,381

871

1,469

439

557

539

717

808

796

816

421

557

314

741

538

465

652

1,013

1,386

1,041

1,110

1,342

507

1,368

871

1,444

439

557

539

717

808

796

844

421

557

314

741

540

465

665

772

1,239

916

1,317

610

785

537

967

934

862

884

646

616

718

806

478

674

723

920

1,194

1,056

1,056

1,170

772

1,236

916

1,290

610

785

537

967

934

862

908

646

616

718

806

480

674

730

 1 2003 revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 17 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type,

State, and United States, 2002-2003

Type

and

State

Production in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 1

Lintseed

Ratio 2

Bales Ginned in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 3

2002 2003 4 2002 2003 2002 2003 4

1,000 Bales 1,000 Bales Bales Bales

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

570.0

613.0

1,669.0

1,460.0

96.0

1,578.0

76.3

739.0

1,935.0

610.0

85.0

806.0

209.0

131.0

818.0

5,040.0

95.0

16,530.3

17.3

603.3

15.4

42.3

678.3

570.0

630.3

1,669.0

2,063.3

96.0

1,578.0

76.3

739.0

1,935.0

610.0

100.4

806.0

209.0

131.0

818.0

5,082.3

95.0

17,208.6

820.0

550.0

1,804.0

1,495.0

117.0

2,110.0

89.5

1,027.0

2,120.0

700.0

70.0

1,037.0

218.0

326.0

890.0

4,330.0

119.4

17,822.9

4.6

370.5

13.2

44.0

432.3

820.0

554.6

1,804.0

1,865.5

117.0

2,110.0

89.5

1,027.0

2,120.0

700.0

83.2

1,037.0

218.0

326.0

890.0

4,374.0

119.4

18,255.2

0.385

0.404

0.412

0.396

0.393

0.412

0.382

0.386

0.402

0.410

0.398

0.398

0.417

0.389

585,050

598,450

1,655,200

1,477,350

69,850

1,595,400

70,600

770,100

1,928,300

595,150

40,750

809,050

208,600

130,450

813,600

5,088,000

91,450

16,527,350

17,450

603,050

18,100

39,500

678,100

585,050

615,900

1,655,200

2,080,400

69,850

1,595,400

70,600

770,100

1,928,300

595,150

58,850

809,050

208,600

130,450

813,600

5,127,500

91,450

17,205,450

828,450

525,400

1,784,050

1,516,000

125,900

2,106,050

91,950

1,055,500

2,115,700

693,400

44,800

1,047,950

209,850

322,350

878,800

4,355,700

109,450

17,811,300

4,600

370,500

12,650

44,400

432,150

828,450

530,000

1,784,050

1,886,500

125,900

2,106,050

91,950

1,055,500

2,115,700

693,400

57,450

1,047,950

209,850

322,350

878,800

4,397,450

109,450

18,240,800

 1 Production ginned and to be ginned. 2 Estimates available only for the 7 States shown. Three-year average. 3 Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 18 NASS, USDA

Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition

by State and United States, 2002-2003

State

Production

Farm Disposition Seed for

Planting Sales to 2

Oil Mills Other 1

2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 3 2003

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

FL

GA

KS

LA

MS

MO

NM

NC

OK

SC

TN

TX

VA

US

195.0

232.4

627.0

731.0

29.0

544.0

28.0

271.0

697.0

218.0

35.5

272.0

81.0

44.0

291.0

1,855.0

33.0

6,183.9

327.0

216.8

689.0

680.0

37.0

732.0

34.2

365.0

773.0

274.0

31.6

349.0

79.0

109.0

311.0

1,616.0

41.0

6,664.6

48.0

5.6

491.0

81.0

18.0

309.0

13.0

131.0

548.0

139.0

15.3

44.0

72.0

20.0

244.0

1,109.0

0.0

3,287.9

49.0

4.1

462.0

93.5

21.7

405.0

4.2

191.0

604.0

200.0

3.8

52.0

64.0

58.0

232.0

939.3

0.0

3,383.6

147.0

226.8

136.0

650.0

11.0

235.0

15.0

140.0

149.0

79.0

20.2

228.0

9.0

24.0

47.0

746.0

33.0

2,896.0

278.0

212.7

227.0

586.5

15.3

327.0

30.0

174.0

169.0

74.0

27.8

297.0

15.0

51.0

79.0

676.7

41.0

3,281.0

6.1

2.0

9.3

6.0

1.1

16.0

0.9

4.7

11.0

4.2

0.6

7.3

2.0

1.5

5.9

56.2

0.9

135.7

6.3

1.9

10.0

6.5

1.2

16.0

1.3

5.4

11.0

4.3

0.7

7.1

2.3

1.8

6.2

61.1

0.8

143.9

 1 Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2 Included in "other" farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 3 Revised.

Cotton: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 7 cotton producing States

during 2003. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to

obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton: Harvest Loss per Acre, by State, 1999-2003

State 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds

AR

CA

GA

LA

MS

NC

TX

71

103

128

93

94

117

41

59

91

108

60

95

179

43

80

123

115

74

121

180

46

102

177

153

82

158

185

60

105

130

136

108

95

165

58
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 19 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, and Selected States, 1999-2003

State Month 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Number Number Number Number Number

AR

CA

GA

LA

MS

NC

TX

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

720

700

693

689

689

921

805

779

777

776

596

582

621

636

632

722

743

728

728

728

761

803

767

766

766

623

646

619

621

622

465

446

447

455

456

874

767

755

755

755

760

790

801

800

800

597

631

621

629

629

722

692

674

674

674

657

665

652

650

650

670

724

743

747

747

408

388

397

404

448

747

780

816

756

756

939

902

921

918

918

590

677

651

664

664

625

592

582

588

588

754

696

680

679

679

719

722

696

705

705

441

435

439

445

445

840

763

784

772

772

945

1,041

1,009

1,011

1,011

569

604

591

600

608

663

756

749

742

742

802

783

768

767

767

636

629

560

567

564

536

511

520

497

497

798

755

744

744

744

973

945

893

893

893

559

646

643

665

664

681

778

775

775

775

837

824

811

808

808

628

630

632

632

632

465

431

429

435

433

 1 Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially

opened bolls, and burrs, per 40 feet or row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 20 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2003-2004

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2003 2004 2003 2004

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

5,299.0

78,736.0

4,601.0

730.0

3,022.0

1,368.0

9,420.0

61,700.0

44,945.0

2,915.0

13,840.0

1,082.0

595.0

110.0

1,344.0

1.3

221.0

73,404.0

2,344.0

13,479.6

13,301.0

178.6

1,365.4

21.1

1,406.1

337.5

246.0

1,274.5

14.6

88.6

63.7

1,107.6

95.6

4,683.0

79,004.0

4,312.0

3,260.0

8,600.0

59,462.0

43,372.0

2,757.0

13,333.0

965.0

1,366.0

75,411.0

2,086.0

14,401.6

14,175.0

226.6

1,358.6

1,333.0

14.2

73.5

98.3

4,688.0

71,139.0

6,528.0

63,342.0

23,578.0

39,764.0

2,224.0

620.0

2,997.0

339.0

7,798.0

343.0

52,839.0

36,541.0

2,869.0

13,429.0

1,068.0

583.0

107.0

1,312.0

1.2

212.0

72,321.0

2,197.0

12,003.4

11,826.0

177.4

1,347.9

997.8

411.2

15.6

1,346.9

328.5

237.0

5.9

0.2

28.7

78.2

1,250.0

14.3

84.7

59.0

1,092.0

15.8

92.4

0.4

63,731.0

2,067.0

35,082.0

414.6

14.0

71.7

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2004 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 21 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2003-2004

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu

"

Ton

"

"

"

Bu

"

Cwt

Bu

"

Ton

Bu

"

"

"

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

"

"

"

Bu

Lb

Bale

"

"

Ton

"

Lb

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

Cwt

Lb

58.9

142.2

16.2

2.48

3.24

2.03

65.0

18.5

6,645

27.3

52.7

10.4

44.2

46.7

33.7

39.7

1,416

17.9

723

3,159

949

1,286

33.4

1,213

730

723

1,170

22.7

34.6

1,952

1,115

1,672

1,584

1,030

1,470

37,500

1,903

89

367

282

288

322

377

113

172

44.2

250

266

276,087

10,113,887

105,864

157,123

76,307

80,816

144,649

11,450

199,157

9,254

411,237

3,552

2,336,526

1,707,069

96,637

532,820

1,512,250

6,664.6

10,426

77,372

4,144,150

1,139

272,555

2,417,565

2,665,226

18,255.2

17,822.9

432.3

30,605

34,503

802,654

174

22,515

5,202

2,442

673

8,700

6,000

54,565.1

6,924

458,854

4,027

24,433

19,008

411,386

1,778

15,921

5,000

1,550,395

3,500

19,077

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2004 crop year. 2 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 22 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2002-2004

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

2002 2003 2004

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL) 3

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

"

"

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Lb

Ton

"

Lbs

1,000 Lbs

Ton

"

"

Lb

Ton

Lb

"

Ton

Gal

2,424

1

801

12,374

97

420

70

8,525.4

90.0

20,000.0

7,339.0

103.0

45,900.0

2,574.9

868.5

172.0

15.7

1,090,000

19.5

172,900

303,000

282.0

1,475

2,063

1,026

11,526

106

371

59

9,014.6

97.9

22,500.0

6,477.9

118.0

42,600.0

2,523.1

923.1

176.0

16.9

1,040,000

35.0

262,200

116,000

325.0

1,239

2,121

988

13,144

45

422

63

1,100,000

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. 2 Production years are 2001-02, 2002-03, and 2003-04. 3 Estimates discontinued as of the 2002-03 crop.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 23 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2003-2004

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2003 2004 2003 2004

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4

2,144,450

31,863,670

1,861,980

295,420

1,222,970

553,620

3,812,180

24,969,370

18,188,790

1,179,670

5,600,910

437,870

240,790

44,520

543,900

530

89,440

29,705,860

948,590

5,455,060

5,382,780

72,280

552,560

8,540

569,030

136,580

99,550

515,780

5,910

35,860

25,780

448,230

38,690

1,895,160

31,972,130

1,745,020

1,319,290

3,480,330

24,063,680

17,552,210

1,115,730

5,395,730

390,530

552,810

30,518,080

844,180

5,828,180

5,736,480

91,700

549,810

539,450

5,750

29,740

39,780

1,897,190

28,789,240

2,641,820

25,633,870

9,541,780

16,092,090

900,030

250,910

1,212,860

137,190

3,155,770

138,810

21,383,410

14,787,780

1,161,060

5,434,580

432,210

235,930

43,300

530,950

490

85,790

29,267,590

889,100

4,857,660

4,785,860

71,790

545,480

403,800

166,390

6,310

545,080

132,940

95,910

2,390

60

11,600

31,650

505,860

5,790

34,280

23,880

441,920

6,390

37,390

170

25,791,300

836,490

14,197,330

167,760

5,670

29,020

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full

2004 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 24 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2003-2004

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3.17

8.92

36.35

5.56

7.25

4.56

2.33

1.03

7.45

1.71

3.31

23.21

2.97

3.14

2.27

2.67

1.59

1.12

0.81

3.54

1.06

1.44

2.25

1.36

0.82

0.81

1.31

50.90

77.52

2.19

1.25

1.87

1.77

1.15

1.65

42.03

2.13

0.10

41.14

31.56

32.33

36.11

42.23

0.13

19.31

2.97

28.02

29.82

6,011,080

256,904,560

96,038,210

142,539,590

69,224,550

73,315,040

2,099,570

259,680

9,033,610

235,060

10,445,900

3,222,320

63,589,820

46,458,800

2,630,030

14,500,980

685,950

6,046,020

264,830

35,100

1,879,750

520

123,630

65,795,340

1,208,930

3,974,600

3,880,480

94,120

27,764,390

31,300,600

364,080

7,890

1,021,260

235,960

110,770

30,530

3,950

2,720

24,750

3,140

20,813,270

182,660

1,108,260

862,190

18,660,160

810

722,160

2,270

42,194,840

158,760

865,320

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2004 crop year. 2 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 25 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2002-2004

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Production

2002 2003 2004

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL) 3

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

2,199,020

910

726,650

11,225,500

88,000

381,020

63,500

3,867,060

81,680

9,070

6,657,830

93,440

20,820

1,167,960

787,840

156,040

14,200

494,420

17,690

78,430

137,440

255,830

7,370

1,871,520

930,770

10,456,210

96,160

336,570

53,520

4,088,950

88,800

10,210

5,876,650

107,050

19,320

1,144,460

837,380

159,660

15,330

471,740

31,750

118,930

52,620

294,840

6,190

1,924,140

896,300

11,924,040

40,820

382,830

57,150

498,950

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. 2 Production years are 2001-02, 2002-03, and 2003-04. 3 Estimates discontinued as of the 2002-03 crop.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 26 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 27 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 28 NASS, USDA

April Weather Summary

Warm, mostly dry weather persisted across much of California and the Northwest, accelerating the loss of

high-elevation snow, lengthening the growing season, and increasing the threat of an active wildfire season. 

Farther south and east, however, early-April storminess boosted topsoil moisture reserves and provided some

drought relief in the Four Corners States and adjacent areas. The wet weather extended across the southern

Plains and the Rio Grande Valley, causing some fieldwork delays but benefiting winter grains and newly

planted summer crops. Rain and snow on the central High Plains aided drought-stressed winter wheat,

although lingering concerns included subsoil moisture shortages and the effects of an April 13 freeze. 

Extremely dry conditions persisted on the northern High Plains, increasing stress on pastures, winter grains,

and emerging spring wheat. Below-normal precipitation was also observed across much of the Midwest,

promoting a record corn planting pace. Despite the April dryness, long-term Midwestern soil moisture

shortages were confined to the northwestern Corn Belt, including Minnesota and South Dakota. Farther

south, a narrow band of wet weather extended from the Ozark Plateau into southern New England. From

April 20-24, torrential rainfall caused lowland flooding in and near the Ozarks. Across the remainder of the

South, wet weather in the central and western Gulf Coast regions contrasted with another month of generally

below-normal precipitation in the Southeastern States. Although late-month showers eased stress on

Southeastern pastures, winter wheat, and emerging summer crops, many areas were in need of additional

rainfall.

Despite large day-to-day fluctuations, monthly temperatures strayed only a few degrees from normal. The

warmest conditions, relative to normal, were observed in the Midwest and across portions of northern

California and the Northwest, where monthly temperatures averaged up to 5 degrees F above normal at a few

locations. In contrast, readings averaged as much as 2 degrees F below normal in the southern Rockies and

Rio Grande Valley, and ranged from 2 to 4 degrees F below normal in much of Florida and southern portions

of Georgia and Alabama.

April Crop Summary

Above-normal temperatures and dry conditions prevailed across the Corn Belt early in the month. These

conditions encouraged rapid planting of summer crops. Moderate precipitation toward month’s end had little

effect, as corn planting continued to progress ahead of normal throughout the month. Conditions were dry in

the northern Great Plains, while light to moderate precipitation fell in the central and southern parts of the

region. A midmonth freeze in parts of the Great Plains had no lasting impact on winter wheat condition. In

the Southeast and Mississippi Delta, temperatures averaged near normal for the month, but less-than-normal

precipitation caused moisture stress for crops and pastures. Planting fell behind in some areas as growers

waited for rain. Warm, dry weather in the Pacific Northwest and the northern Rocky Mountains encouraged

small grain planting but increased irrigation demands. In the central and southern Rockies, precipitation was

well above normal for the month. On the east coast, temperatures were above normal in the middle and

northern Atlantic Coast States, with moderate to heavy precipitation.

By April 18, the Nation’s corn crop was 20 percent planted, 10 percentage points ahead of last year, 11 points

ahead of normal, and the highest on record for this date. Planting continued to progress rapidly and advanced

to 63 percent complete by May 2, sixteen points ahead of last year and 23 points ahead of normal. On the

same date, 18 percent of the crop had emerged, 8 points ahead of last year and 7 points ahead of the 5-year

average. In the Corn Belt, adequate soil moisture from March rains combined with warm, dry conditions in

early April to create nearly ideal planting conditions. Even as rain began to fall in the last half of April,

planting continued with only a few delays. By month’s end, growers had planted 82 percent of the crop in

Illinois, 70 percent in Indiana, and 74 percent in Iowa, over 30 points ahead of normal for all three States. 

Planting progress was also ahead of normal across the Great Plains.

At midmonth, 11 percent of the winter wheat crop was headed, compared with 8 percent last year and

9 percent for the 5-year average. By month’s end, heading had advanced to 39 percent complete, 6 points

ahead of last year and 8 points ahead of normal. In California, heading advanced well ahead of the normal

pace early in the month, but slowed to slightly below normal by month’s end. Though heading had not begun

in the northern half of the Great Plains, progress was ahead of normal in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. 

Warm, dry conditions during April promoted heading at a near normal pace in the Corn Belt. Nationwide,

crop condition did not change significantly during the month.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 29 NASS, USDA

Cotton planting was 8 percent complete on April 4, three points ahead of last year and the 5-year average. By

May 2, planting had advanced to 31 percent complete, 2 points ahead of last year and 3 points ahead of

normal. With the benefit of warm, dry weather, California growers progressed rapidly through planting and

were 42 points ahead of their normal pace by midmonth. Planting was nearing completion by the end of the

month and was still 15 points ahead of normal. Producers in Texas were 4 to 5 points ahead of their normal

planting pace through the month. After midmonth, planting accelerated in Louisiana and Mississippi and

finished the month at 11 and 15 points ahead of normal, respectively. Growers in Alabama and Georgia fell

behind their normal planting pace during the month as they waited for rain to improve soil moisture.

Twelve percent of the soybean crop had been planted by month’s end, compared with 9 percent for last year

and the 5-year average. Planting had progressed the most in the Delta, where Mississippi producers had

planted 78 percent of their crop, 32 points ahead of normal, and Louisiana producers, at 43 percent planted,

were 14 points ahead of normal. Planting had begun in all States by the end of the month, with only Illinois,

Kansas, and Tennessee lagging behind their normal pace.

The Nation’s sorghum crop was 23 percent planted at month’s end, 2 points ahead of last year and 1 point

ahead of normal. Early in the month, progress was limited to the Delta and southern Great Plains. However,

by the end of the month, planting had begun in all States, except New Mexico and South Dakota. Texas

growers had planted 53 percent of their crop, 7 points ahead of normal, while Kansas producers, with only

2 percent of their crop planted, lagged 3 points behind normal.

Rice planting began the month at 15 percent complete and progressed steadily to 70 percent complete on May

2, two points ahead of last year and 6 points ahead of normal. Fifty-one percent of the crop had emerged by

the end of the month, compared with 42 percent last year and 37 percent for the 5-year average. Planting

progressed rapidly in Louisiana and Texas in the first half of the month, but slowed afterward, falling behind

normal in the final week as heavy rainfall limited fieldwork. Planting throughout the rest of the Delta rapidly

advanced during April, with Missouri and Mississippi ending the month well ahead of normal, and Arkansas,

at 77 percent complete, was 6 points ahead of normal. Planting was just getting underway in California

around the middle of the month.

Spring wheat growers had planted 68 percent of the crop by May 2, eleven points ahead of last year and

25 points ahead of normal. Emergence, at 32 percent, was 10 points ahead of last year and 17 points ahead of

the average. Planting progress, encouraged by warm, dry weather, was ahead of normal for all States. South

Dakota growers progressed rapidly through planting and were 40 points ahead of normal at midmonth. In

North Dakota, progress was steady through most of the month but accelerated in the final week, ending the

month at 26 points ahead of normal. The crop emerged ahead of the normal pace in all States.

As of May 2, sixty-three percent of the Nation’s barley crop was planted, compared with 50 percent last year

and 41 percent for the 5-year average. In Washington, warm, dry weather allowed growers to plant

91 percent of their acreage by midmonth, 43 points ahead of the normal pace. Planting progress in all States,

except Idaho, was 1 to 3 weeks ahead of normal by month’s end. Twenty-eight percent of the crop had

emerged by the end of April, 8 points ahead of last year and 12 points ahead of normal. In Montana and

Washington, emergence was ahead of the normal pace by 31 and 36 points, respectively.

Oat seedings reached 77 percent on May 2, ten points ahead of last year and 19 points ahead of normal. On

the same date, emergence had advanced to 39 percent complete, compared with 32 percent last year and

29 percent for the average. Planting progressed well ahead of normal in Minnesota and the Dakotas, as warm

dry weather encouraged fieldwork. Planting approached completion in Iowa and Nebraska but lagged well

behind normal in Ohio.

By midmonth, growers in the four major sugarbeet-producing States had planted 52 percent of their expected

acreage, 24 points ahead of last year and 33 points ahead of normal. By month’s end, 93 percent of the

acreage had been planted, compared with 75 percent last year and 64 percent for the 5-year average. Growers

in Idaho had reached the halfway mark on April 4, with Michigan producers achieving this mark a week later. 

Planting was complete in both States by May 2. Seedings in Minnesota and North Dakota rapidly advanced

after midmonth and ended the month at 90 and 87 percent complete, respectively.

Peanut planting was 8 percent complete on May 2, the same as last year but 3 points behind normal. Planting

lagged behind normal in most States, with little or no activity until after midmonth. In Georgia and
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 30 NASS, USDA

Oklahoma, growers began slowly but progressed slightly ahead of their normal planting pace by the end of the

month.

Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.55 billion bushels, down 9 percent from 2003. Based on May 1

conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 44.2 bushels per acre, 2.5 bushels less than last year. Grain area totals

35.1 million acres, down 4 percent from last season. The portion of the winter wheat crop rated good to

excellent on May 2, at 48 percent, was 7 percentage points lower than a year ago.

Above normal April rainfall in Texas improved the crop condition significantly. Heading progress in

Oklahoma is running approximately one week ahead of average. Scattered April showers in Kansas were

beneficial, however soil moisture supplies continue to be a major concern, especially in the northwest and

west central districts. Statewide, crop progress has been ahead of average. In Colorado, April brought much

needed moisture, but after three consecutive years of drought, the crop still has very little subsoil moisture to

draw from. Additional moisture will be needed in Nebraska to ensure proper plant development. In

Montana, early spring conditions were favorable, but conditions declined during April due to limited

precipitation throughout the State.

In Arkansas, unusually dry conditions during March were followed by heavy rains in April. Growers in

Missouri, Illinois, and Indiana expect yields below last year’s record high levels. Current crop conditions in

Ohio are nearly identical to a year ago. Yield prospects in Georgia have been dampened by well below

normal precipitation during March and April. The mid-Atlantic Coast States are rebounding from very low

yields last year.

Throughout Idaho, spring weather conditions have been warmer and drier than normal. Dry conditions in

northern Idaho have not yet negatively affected yields. In Oregon, annual precipitation throughout most of

the winter wheat growing area is now above normal. Soil moisture levels are a major concern in Washington,

where high winds and above normal temperatures have contributed to the dry conditions.

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 21.0 million

bushels. This is down 9 percent from their 2003 total of 23.0 million. This decline is due entirely to lower

expected harvested acreage, as yields are equal to the 2003 levels. Very few disease or insect problems have

been reported.

Hay Stocks on Farms: All hay stored on farms May 1, 2004 totaled 25.9 million tons, up 17 percent from

the previous year. This increase was mainly the result of a higher hay production in 2003. Disappearance of

hay from December 1, 2003 - May 1, 2004, totaled 84.9 million tons, 5 percent greater than the disappearance

of 81.0 million tons for the same period a year earlier. Disappearance was up from the previous year despite

the mild winter in the Corn Belt and Rocky Mountains.

Thirty-three of the 48 reporting States had higher hay stocks than a year ago. Most of the States reporting an

increase in stocks were located in the eastern and central Corn Belt, Southeast, central Great Plains, central

Rocky Mountains, and along the middle Atlantic and Pacific Coasts. Compared to May 2003, stocks more

than doubled in the Ohio Valley due to an increase in production and mild winter weather.

Stocks declined in Idaho, Montana, Nevada, and North Dakota as a result of additional hay feeding caused by

unfavorable weather conditions and a decline in 2003 production compared to 2002. Texas’s stocks were

down by 27 percent from last year’s record high.

Almonds: The 2004 California almond crop is forecast at a record high 1.10 billion pounds, shelled basis, up

6 percent from the revised 2003 crop. The almond bloom started in mid-February accompanied by heavy rain

and wind. However, the bloom was very intense and both the variety and pollinators bloomed together which

may have contributed to the good set. The bloom was strong and stayed on the trees for much longer than

normal. Very warm weather the first three weeks of March advanced crop development and the crop is

currently at least two weeks ahead of normal. Kernel size appears to be normal. Overall, the crop appears to

be fairly uniform throughout the State and the growers have indicated they expect to have a good crop.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya utilization is estimated at 2.64 million pounds for April 2004, down 4 percent

from last month and 24 percent below a year ago. Area in crop totaled 2,110 acres, unchanged from last
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 31 NASS, USDA

month but 6 percent less than a year ago. Harvested area totaled 1,160 acres, virtually unchanged from last

month but 33 percent lower than April 2003. Weather conditions over the major producing areas were mostly

favorable during April. Soil moisture has been adequate in non-irrigated orchards. Disease incidence

remained high as a result of previous wet conditions.

Hawaii's revised total papaya utilization during 2003 is estimated at 42.6 million pounds, 7 percent below the

final 2002 utilized production. Bearing acres decreased 9 percent from the previous season while yields

increased 2 percent. Weather conditions were drier than normal during the growing season, adversely

affecting flowering in non-irrigated orchards. These orchards account for more than 90 percent of bearing

acreage. Routine field inspections and roguing of infected trees have kept Papaya Ringspot Virus (PRV)

losses to a minimum.

California Peaches: The California 2004 peach crop is forecast at 1.97 billion pounds, up 5 percent

from 2003 and 3 percent above two years ago. 

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 820 million pounds, up 3 percent from both last year and the 2002

crop. Bloom was delayed by cool, wet weather in February but a warm dry March made up for the slow start. 

Bloom in the early varieties was very good. However, some middle to late season varieties experienced

problems with incomplete pollination. In addition, high temperatures during last year’s late summer caused

stress on trees. Harvest of Freestone peaches began during the first week of April in the Coachella Valley and

around the middle of April in the Central Valley.

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.15 billion pounds, up 7 percent from last year and 2 percent

above 2002. California orchards experienced an adequate number of chilling hours, which benefitted the

Clingstone crop. Overall, the bloom is reported to be good on all varieties. The crop is reported to be in

excellent condition with good size and uniform growth. Some mildew was observed, with growers taking

precautionary measures as necessary. The peach trees are much further along than last year due to record

setting warm temperatures this spring.

Bananas: Hawaii banana production for 2003 is estimated at 22.5 million pounds, up 13 percent from last

year. Harvested acreage, at 1,350 acres, is up 20 acres from 2002. Weather for 2003 was generally favorable

with no major wind damage to orchards. Growers report young plantings are making good progress. 

Guavas: Guava utilized production in Hawaii for 2003 is estimated at 6.70 million pounds, down 31 percent

from 2002 and the third consecutive year of decline. Harvested area totaled 530 acres compared to 550 acres

a year ago. Yield (based on utilized production) averaged 12,600 pounds per acre, down 5,000 pounds from

the previous year. A worker strike during peak season combined with some growers abandoning their fields

due to low prices contributed to this significant decline. Weather was generally good for orchards. 

Taro: Hawaii taro production for crop year 2003 is estimated at 5.00 million pounds, down 18 percent from

the previous year. Area harvested, at 420 acres, is down 10 acres from 2002. Most of this decline can be

attributed to Apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) which feed on taro plants and provide an infection point for

diseases. Taro production was also hampered by occasional floods due to heavy rains, leaf blight, and taro

pocket rot disease.

Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2003-04 U.S. grapefruit crop is 2.12 million tons, up 1 percent from the

April 1 forecast and 3 percent above the previous season. Florida’s grapefruit forecast, at 40.5 million boxes

(1.72 million tons), is up 1 percent from the previous month and 5 percent above last season’s final

utilization. If realized, this will be the third smallest crop in the past 20 seasons. The white grapefruit

forecast is unchanged at 16.0 million boxes (680,000 tons) but 1 percent below last season. The colored

grapefruit forecast, at 24.5 million boxes (1.04 million tons), is up 2 percent from last month and 9 percent

above last season’s final utilization. The row count survey, conducted April 28-29, indicates 93 percent of all

grapefruit rows have been harvested statewide, 2 percentage points less than last season for the same time

period. Cool temperatures this spring have prolonged the usability of grapefruit. Arizona, California, and

Texas forecasts are carried forward from April.

Tangerines: The 2003-04 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 422,000 tons, up 2 percent from the April 1

forecast and 14 percent above last season’s final utilization of 371,000 tons. Florida’s tangerine crop, at
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 32 NASS, USDA

6.50 million boxes (309,000 tons), is up 3 percent from last month and 18 percent above last season’s

utilization. The increase is in the Honey variety category where the row count survey indicates about

84 percent of the Honey tangerine rows are harvested. Harvest of the early tangerine varieties (Fallglo and

Sunburst) is complete. Arizona and California tangerine forecasts are carried forward from April.

Tangelos: Florida’s 2003-04 tangelo forecast is final at 1.00 million boxes (45,000 tons), unchanged from

April but 57 percent less than last season’s utilized production. This is the smallest crop since the

1964-65 season. 

Temples: Florida’s Temple forecast is 1.40 million boxes (63,000 tons) for the 2003-04 season, unchanged

from April but 8 percent above last season’s final utilization. The row count survey indicates some rows are

unharvested but usability of the remaining fruit is uncertain.

Florida Citrus: Florida’s weather in April in the citrus areas was mostly dry with cool nighttime

temperatures and moderate to warm days. Several cold fronts passed through the State bringing overnight 

temperatures in the 40's in some northern locations. Daytime highs reached the upper 80's on many days. 

The cold fronts brought very little rainfall with virtually none reported the first and third weeks of the month. 

The last week brought up to five inches of rainfall in some interior areas and varying amounts of precipitation

in the coastal areas. Citrus trees in all areas are in excellent condition following the favorable weather of the

past several months. The bloom period was completed in mid-March. 

Early-midseason harvest is complete. Valencia oranges are at peak weekly harvest levels with good demand

reported for fresh shipments. Weekly harvest reached over eight million boxes. Grapefruit harvest for fresh

shipments began to decrease during the last of the month with harvest for processing also beginning to

decline. Honey tangerine and Temple harvests are almost complete.

California Citrus: Citrus bloom was in full swing by the middle of April, and neared complete petal fall

stage by month’s end. Fertilizer applications, irrigation, treatments to control insect pests, hedging, and

topping were underway in a number of citrus groves. Navel orange harvest was approximately 90 percent

complete by month’s end. Navel packouts decreased due to granulation, puff, rough rind texture, and

oversized fruits. Picking continued in a few Valencia orange and mandarin orchards. Lemon harvesting was

steady throughout the month. Star Ruby variety grapefruit were packed in the desert and in some areas of

Riverside County.

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Cultivation, irrigation, pest control treatments, and fruit thinning

continued in orchards and vineyards across the State. Grapevines were in the shoot elongation stage by the

end of April. Table grape vineyards were thinned and suckered to improve fruit quality. Early table grape

varieties began to show the first signs of bloom by month’s end. Disease, weed, and insect control work

continued in raisin, wine, and table grape vineyards. Irrigation was widespread as rapid growth increased

water requirements. Warm temperatures during April promoted maturity and size in early cherry varieties. 

As a result, the harvest commenced with Brooks, Garnet, and Tulare as the primary early cherry varieties

being picked and packed. The early variety Freestone peach harvest began during the first week of April in

the Coachella Valley and around the middle of April in the Central Valley. Picking of Castlebrite apricots

was also underway by month’s end. Pomegranate orchards were blooming in several districts. Bloom on

kiwifruit vines was nearly complete by the end of April but growers continued to thin canes. Picking of

blueberries began in the east side districts of Fresno County. Strawberry harvesting continued with brisk sales

at roadside stands. Immature plums were picked as a specialty export crop. High temperatures during bloom

resulted in poor pollination in dried plum orchards. Quince, apples, and pears were sprayed to control codling

moth. Olives and avocados had developed bloom buds by the end of April. Cultivation and irrigation

continued in almond, walnut, pistachio, and pecan orchards. Steady nut development continued in almond

and walnut orchards. Blight spraying and fungicide applications continued in walnut orchards.

Spring Potatoes: Spring production in 2004 is forecast at 19.1 million cwt, down 3 percent from the April

forecast and 22 percent below last year. Area for harvest is estimated at 71,700 acres, down 1 percent from

the April estimate and 15 percent below last year. The average yield is forecast at 266 cwt per acre, down

5 cwt from last month and 22 cwt below a year ago. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 33 NASS, USDA

Florida production is forecast at 5.61 million cwt, unchanged from the April 1 forecast but 30 percent below

the 2003 production. Harvest began in Florida’s Hasting area and other central Peninsula localities the last

two weeks of April. North Carolina’s potato crop, forecasted at 2.85 million cwt, is also unchanged from the

April 1 forecast but 4 percent below last year.

Texas spring production is forecast at 2.21 million cwt, 9 percent below last month’s forecast and down

26 percent from a year ago. Heavy rains and some hail received in late April damaged the crop in the Winter

Garden area. Water damage was also evident in the Rio Grande Valley. Production in California is forecast

at 6.65 million cwt, down 3 percent from the April forecast and 20 percent below 2003. Many growers

anticipate an earlier than usual harvest. Arizona growers now report 6,200 acres for harvest, down 11 percent

from last month, contributing to a production forecast of 1.77 million cwt, down 10 percent from the April

forecast.

Tobacco: U.S. tobacco production for 2003 is revised down 3 percent. Harvested acreage is down 1 percent,

while the average yield decreased 45 pounds per acre. Total production, at 803 million pounds in 2003, is

down 8 percent from 2002 and at the lowest level since 1897. Growers harvested 411,150 acres in 2003,

down 4 percent from the previous year and the lowest harvested acreage since 1874. 

Flue-cured production, at 457 million pounds, is revised down 3 percent from the preliminary estimate in the

January Crop Production 2003 Summary. This is 11 percent less than 2002 when 514 million pounds were

produced. Growers harvested 233,400 acres, down 5 percent from the previous year. Flue-cured yields

averaged 1,957 pounds per acre, down 137 pounds from 2002. North Carolina, the leading producer of fluecured tobacco, produced 293 million pounds, nearly two-thirds of all flue-cured tobacco grown in the United

States.

Burley production, which accounted for 99 percent of all light air-cured tobacco, is revised down 6 percent

from the January preliminary estimate to 282 million pounds. This is 4 percent less than 2002 when

294 million pounds were produced. Producers of burley tobacco harvested 152,300 acres in 2003, down

3 percent from the previous year. Yields averaged 1,850 pounds per acre, 11 pounds less than 2002. 

Kentucky, the leading producer of burley tobacco, produced 198 million pounds, 70 percent of all burley

grown in the United States. 

Total fire-cured production is revised up 1 percent from the January preliminary estimate. Production totaled

34.5 million pounds, down 1 percent from the previous season. Growers harvested a total of 11,250 acres,

3 percent greater than 2002. Fire-cured yields averaged 3,067 pounds per acre, down 115 pounds from the

previous year. 

Dark air-cured production is revised up 3 percent from the January preliminary estimate. Production totaled

11.3 million pounds in 2003, up 6 percent from the previous year. Growers harvested 4,150 acres in 2003, up

8 percent from 2002. Yields averaged 2,726 pounds per acre, down 64 pounds from 2002. Kentucky, the

leading producer of dark air-cured tobacco, produced 9.93 million pounds in 2003, which is 88 percent of all

dark air-cured grown in the United States.

Production of cigar tobacco, which includes filler, binder, and wrapper, is revised down less than 1 percent

from the January preliminary estimate to a total of 14.2 million pounds for 2003. This is 6 percent above the

2002 production. Growers harvested 7,650 acres in 2003, up 14 percent from the previous year. Average

yields were 1,863 pounds per acre, down 134 pounds from 2002.

Cotton: All cotton production is estimated at 18.3 million bales, up 6 percent from the 2002 production. 

Upland cotton production is estimated at 17.8 million bales, 8 percent more than the previous production. 

The U.S. yield for upland cotton is a record high 723 pounds per acre, 71 pounds more than 2002. Harvested

area, at 11.8 million acres, is 3 percent below last year. Upland planted area is estimated at 13.3 million

acres, 3 percent less than last season. Data from the 7 Objective Yield States showed above average boll

counts, higher weights than any of the previous six seasons, and above average harvest loss. 

The Southeastern region growers began the season with delayed plantings, replantings, or abandoning plans

for cotton entirely as a cool, wet spring prevented fieldwork. Consequently, crop development was up to

3 weeks behind normal. In September, Hurricane Isabel brought intensive wind and rain to North Carolina
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 34 NASS, USDA

and Virginia cotton fields. Georgia and Alabama growers managed to harvest their fields when weather

permitted. Early November temperatures were above normal allowing growers to make significant harvest

progress. Objective yield data showed above average boll counts in Georgia and the highest average boll

weight of the previous 5 years. North Carolina boll counts and weights were near average.

Producers in the northern Delta States were also faced with wet conditions that delayed or prevented getting

their cotton crop planted. Southern Delta growers had near ideal planting conditions. Cool, June nighttime

temperatures slowed crop development and delayed it up to three weeks. However, end of summer heat and

humidity matured the crop rapidly. Timely and beneficial rains fell during the early fall, boosting production

prospects. Harvest conditions throughout the region were excellent. Above average temperatures aided the

boll opening process. Boll counts and average boll weights in Mississippi were the highest in the 15-year data

series. Louisiana’s boll counts were the highest since 1992, with the weight per boll above average. Boll

counts in Arkansas were slightly below the 15-year average and the lowest since 1999. However, Arkansas

boll weights were the highest since 1994. 

Texas growers began the planting season at an above average pace in south and central areas. Rains during

May benefitted dryland cotton in the Panhandle as the moisture allowed producers to proceed with planting. 

During June, high winds and hail damaged significant acreage in the High Plains. Growers in the Panhandle

also experienced an extremely dry summer. Soil moisture levels were critically short. Growers in south and

central areas of Texas experienced a good growing season for the most part. A late season storm hit the

southern High Plains in September and adversely affected significant cotton acreage. Growers were

concerned that the late cotton crop would be unable to finish boll setting as a series of cold fronts came

through the region. Record high temperatures during October, however, helped finish the crop in the High

Plains area and growers were able to harvest under ideal conditions. Objective yield measurements showed

the Texas boll counts as the lowest since 1995. Average boll weights, however, were the highest in the

15-year data series. 

Arizona and California upland cotton growers began planting during March, but were delayed or forced to

replant due to the cool, wet spring weather. Some growers switched from American-Pima varieties to upland

varieties due to more favorable upland prices. Development of the California cotton crop was up to a month

behind normal, but the extremely warm summer weather allowed the crop to catch up. California growers

began the harvest later than any of the previous 15 years due to the late-developing crop. October weather

provided ideal harvesting conditions throughout California. Growers were wrapping up the harvest by the

end of November except in Arizona where it was delayed by frequent scattered showers. Data from objective

yield measurements showed California boll counts were the third highest in the 15-year data series, surpassed

only by the previous two years. Boll weights were below the 15-year average, but the highest since 1998.

American-Pima production is estimated at 432,300 bales, down 36 percent from 2002. The U.S. Pima yield

is estimated at 1,170 pounds per harvested acre, 172 pounds less than last year’s record high yield. Producers

planted 178,600 acres of Pima cotton in 2003, down 27 percent from 2002. The decrease in planted acreage

led to a similar decrease in harvested acreage. Growers either delayed planting or replanted their damaged

fields due to the cool, wet spring. Some switched to planting upland varieties. The late-developing crop led

to decreased yields.

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2003 totaled 6.66 million tons, up 8 percent from 2002. Sales to oil

mills accounted for 51 percent of the disposition. The remaining 49 percent will be used for seed, feed,

exports, and various other uses.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 35 NASS, USDA

Reliability of May 1 Crop Production Forecast

Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 22

and May 6 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The Objective Yield Survey was conducted

in three States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to make

meaningful counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek

permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each

sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and

number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are

used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting

loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads

are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is

sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 14,000 producers representing all major

production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the

probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed

throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses.

Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in

Florida, which produces about 75 percent of the U.S. production. In July and August, the number of bearing

trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In subsequent months, fruit size measurement and

fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and

Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis, in October, January, April, and July. 

California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for

Valencia oranges. 

Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were

reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed

considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State

Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). 

The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.

Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for

errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida State Statistical Office submits

its analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida

survey data and their analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecast. Reports from growers and packers in

Arizona, California, and Texas were also used for setting estimates. The May 1 orange production forecasts

for these three States are carried forward from April. 

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made

each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the

end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports,

millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other

administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in September’s Citrus

Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing

season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are

made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean

Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the

May 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The

average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the

average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning

expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors

affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 36 NASS, USDA

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 7.0 percent. This means

that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by

more than 7.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not

exceed 12.1 percent. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate

during the past 20 years have averaged 90 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 285 million bushels. 

The May 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that

the May 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 2.6 percent. This means that

chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate

by more than 2.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not

exceed 4.5 percent. Differences between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimate during the past

20 years have averaged 164,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 714,000 tons. The May 1 forecast for

oranges has been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times. The difference does not imply that the

May 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2004 37 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service

to contact for additional information.

Joe Prusacki, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Greg Thessen, Head (202) 720-2127

Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Darin Jantzi - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed (202) 720-9526

Troy Joshua - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Hay, Oats , Sorghum (202) 690-3234

Jason Lamprecht - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Mark R. Miller - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688

Brian Young - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops (202) 720-7621

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127

Cathy Scherrer - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Jorge Garcia-Pratts - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Debbie Flippin - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, 

 Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears,

 Wrinkled Seed Peas (202) 720-3250

Mike Miller - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup,

 Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Terry O’Connor - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries,

 Plums, Prunes (202) 720-4288

Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940

Jim Smith - Floriculture, Nursery, Nuts (202 )720-2127

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

 Strawberries (202) 720-2157
The next Crop Production report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on June 11, 2004.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of

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To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten

Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). 

USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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