I 

108TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 2616

To increase the capabilities of the United States to provide reconstruction 

assistance to countries or regions impacted by armed conflict, and for 

other purposes. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

JUNE 26, 2003

Mr. FARR (for himself, Mr. WOLF, Mr. HOEFFEL, Mr. LEACH, and Mr. 

WEXLER) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on International Relations 

A BILL

To increase the capabilities of the United States to provide 

reconstruction assistance to countries or regions impacted by armed conflict, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Winning the Peace 

5 Act of 2003’’. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress makes the following findings: 

8 (1) President George W. Bush has stated that 

9 the United States security strategy takes into ac-
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1 count the fact that ‘‘America is now threatened less 

2 by conquering states than we are by failing ones’’. 

3 (2) Failed states can provide safe haven for a 

4 diverse array of transnational threats, including ter5 rorist networks, militia and warlords, global orga6 nized crime, and narcotics traffickers who threaten 

7 the security of the United States and the allies of 

8 the United States. 

9 (3) The inability of the authorities in a failed 

10 state to provide basic services can create or con11 tribute to humanitarian emergencies. 

12 (4) It is in the interest of the United States 

13 and the international community to bring conflict 

14 and humanitarian emergencies stemming from failed 

15 states to a lasting and sustainable close. 

16 (5) Since the end of the cold war, United States 

17 military, diplomatic, and humanitarian personnel 

18 have been engaged in major post-conflict reconstruc19 tion efforts in such places as Iraq, Bosnia, Kosovo, 

20 Somalia, Haiti, Rwanda, and Afghanistan. 

21 (6) Assisting failed states in emerging from vio22 lent conflict is a complex and long-term task, as 

23 demonstrated by the experience that 50 percent of 

24 such states emerging from conditions of violent con25 flict slip back into violence within 5 years. 
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1 (7) In 2003, the bipartisan Commission on 

2 Post-Conflict Reconstruction created by the Center 

3 for Strategic and International Studies and the As4 sociation of the United States Army, released a re5 port explaining that ‘‘United States security and de6 velopment agencies still reflect their Cold War herit7 age. The kinds of complex crises and the challenge 

8 of failed states encountered in recent years do not 

9 line up with these outdated governmental mecha10 nisms. If regional stability is to be maintained, eco11 nomic development advanced, lives saved, and 

12 transnational threats reduced, the United States and 

13 the international community must develop a strategy 

14 and enhance capacity for pursuing post-conflict re15 construction.’’. 

16 (8) Preventing failed states from slipping into 

17 violence and chaos requires an intensive engagement 

18 by individuals with sensitivity to the relevant histor19 ical, social, political, and economic context of, and a 

20 thorough understanding of the language of, the re21 gion. Any person involved in reconstruction efforts if 

22 such a state must have extensive cross-cultural 

23 training and the ability to communicate effectively in 

24 the language of that state. 
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1 SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. 

2 In this Act: 

3 (1) ADMINISTRATOR.—The term ‘‘Adminis4 trator’’ means the Administrator of the United 

5 States Agency for International Development. 

6 (2) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘‘Director’’ means a 

7 Director of Reconstruction for a country or region 

8 designated by the President under section 4. 

9 (3) RECONSTRUCTION SERVICES.—The term 

10 ‘‘reconstruction services’’ means activities related to 

11 rebuilding, reforming, or establishing the infrastruc12 ture processes or institutions of a country that has 

13 been affected by an armed conflict, including serv14 ices related to—

15 (A) security and public safety, including—

16 (i) disarmament, demobilization, and 

17 reintegration of combatants; 

18 (ii) training and equipping of national 

19 armed forces; 

20 (iii) training and equipping civilian 

21 police forces; and 

22 (iv) providing security as interim civil23 ian police forces; 

24 (B) justice, including—

25 (i) developing rule of law and legal, 

26 judicial, and correctional institutions; 
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1 (ii) preventing human rights viola2 tions; 

3 (iii) bringing war criminals to justice; 

4 (iv) supporting national reconciliation 

5 processes; and 

6 (v) clarifying property rights; 

7 (C) governance, including—

8 (i) reforming or developing civil ad9 ministration and other government institu10 tions; 

11 (ii) restoring performance of basic 

12 civil functions, such as schools, health clin13 ics, and hospitals; and 

14 (iii) establishing processes of govern15 ance and participation; and 

16 (D) economic and social well-being, includ17 ing—

18 (i) providing humanitarian assistance; 

19 (ii) constructing or repairing infra20 structure; 

21 (iii) developing national economic in22 stitutions and activities, such as a banking 

23 system; and 
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1 (iv) encouraging wise stewardship of 

2 natural resources for the benefit of the 

3 citizens of such country. 

4 SEC. 4. DIRECTOR OF RECONSTRUCTION POSITIONS. 

5 (a) AUTHORIZATION OF POSITIONS.—The President 

6 is authorized to designate a Director of Reconstruction for 

7 each country or region in which—

8 (1) units of the United States Armed Forces 

9 have engaged in armed conflict; or 

10 (2) as a result of armed conflict the country or 

11 region will receive reconstruction services from the 

12 United States Government. 

13 (b) AUTHORITY TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE.—Notwith14 standing any other provision of law, the President is au15 thorized to provide assistance for reconstruction services 

16 for any country or region for which a Director has been 

17 designated under subsection (a). 

18 (c) DUTIES.—A Director shall provide oversight and 

19 coordination of, and have decision making authority for, 

20 all activities of the United States Government, within the 

21 country or region for which designated, that are related 

22 to providing reconstruction services to such country or re23 gion, including implementing complex, multidisciplinary 

24 post-conflict reconstruction programs in such country or 

25 region. 
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1 (d) COORDINATION.—A Director shall coordinate 

2 with the representatives of the country or region where 

3 the Director is overseeing and coordinating the provision 

4 of reconstruction services, and any foreign government, 

5 multilateral organization, or nongovernmental organiza6 tion that is providing services to such country or region—

7 (1) to avoid providing reconstruction services 

8 that duplicate any such services that are being pro9 vided by a person or government other than the 

10 United States Government; 

11 (2) to capitalize on civil administration systems 

12 and capabilities available from such person or gov13 ernment; and 

14 (3) to utilize individuals or entities with exper15 tise in providing reconstruction services that are 

16 available through such other person or government. 

17 (e) SUPPORT SERVICES.—The Secretary of State is 

18 authorized to establish within the Department of State a 

19 permanent office to provide support, including administra20 tive services, to each Director designated under subsection 

21 (a). 

22 SEC. 5. INTERNATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT OF23 FICE. 

24 (a) AUTHORIZATION.—The Administrator is author25 ized to establish within the United States Agency for 
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1 International Development an Office of International 

2 Emergency Management for the purposes described in 

3 subsection (b). 

4 (b) PURPOSES.—

5 (1) IN GENERAL.—The purposes of the Office 

6 authorized by subsection (a) shall be—

7 (A) to develop and maintain a database of 

8 individuals or entities that possess expertise in 

9 providing reconstruction services, including ap10 propriate language, interpretation, and commu11 nication capabilities; and 

12 (B) to provide support for mobilizing such 

13 individuals and entities to provide a country or 

14 region with services applying such expertise 

15 when requested by the Director for such coun16 try or region. 

17 (2) EXPERTS.—The individuals or entities re18 ferred to in paragraph (1) may include employees or 

19 agencies of the Federal Government, any other gov20 ernment, or any other person, including former 

21 Peace Corps volunteers or civilians located in the af22 fected country or region in critical response areas. 
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1 SEC. 6. INTEGRATED SECURITY SUPPORT COMPONENT. 

2 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS REGARDING THE CRE3 ATION OF AN INTEGRATED SECURITY SUPPORT COMPO4 NENT OF NATO.—It is the sense of Congress that—

5 (1) the Secretary of State and the Secretary of 

6 Defense should present to the North Atlantic Coun7 cil a proposal to establish within the North Atlantic 

8 Treaty Organization an Integrated Security Support 

9 Component to train and equip selected units within 

10 the North Atlantic Treaty Organization to execute 

11 security tasks in countries or regions that require re12 construction services; and 

13 (2) if such a Component is established, the 

14 President should commit United States personnel to 

15 participate in such Component, after appropriate 

16 consultation with Congress. 

17 (b) AUTHORITY TO PARTICIPATE IN AN INTEGRATED

18 SUPPORT COMPONENT.—

19 (1) IN GENERAL.—If the North Atlantic Coun20 cil establishes an Integrated Security Support Com21 ponent, as described in subsection (a), the President 

22 is authorized to commit United States personnel to 

23 participate in such Component, after appropriate 

24 consultation with Congress. 

25 (2) CAPABILITIES.—The units composed of 

26 United States personnel participating in such Com-
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1 ponent pursuant to the authority in paragraph (1) 

2 should be capable of—

3 (A) providing for security of a civilian pop4 ulation, including serving as a police force; and 

5 (B) providing for the performance of pub6 lic functions and the execution of security tasks 

7 such as control of belligerent groups and 

8 crowds, apprehending targeted persons or 

9 groups, performing anti-corruption tasks, and 

10 supporting police investigations. 

11 SEC. 7. TRAINING CENTER FOR POST-CONFLICT RECON12 STRUCTION OPERATIONS. 

13 (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—The Secretary of State shall 

14 establish within the Department of State an interagency 

15 Training Center for Post-Conflict Reconstruction Oper16 ations for the purposes described in subsection (b). 

17 (b) PURPOSES.—The purposes of the Training Cen18 ter authorized by subsection (a) shall be to—

19 (1) train interagency personnel in assessment, 

20 strategy development, planning, and coordination re21 lated to providing reconstruction services; 

22 (2) develop and certify experts in fields related 

23 to reconstruction services who could be called to par24 ticipate in operations in countries or regions that re25 quire such services; 
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1 (3) provide training to individuals who will pro2 vide reconstruction services in a country or region, 

3 including language, interpretation, communication, 

4 and cross-cultural training; 

5 (4) develop rapidly deployable training packages 

6 for use in countries or regions in need of reconstruc7 tion services; and 

8 (5) conduct reviews of operations that provide 

9 reconstruction services for the purpose of—

10 (A) improving subsequent operations to 

11 provide such services; and 

12 (B) developing appropriate training and 

13 education programs for individuals who will 

14 provide such services. 

15 SEC. 8. CIVILIAN POLICE RESERVE. 

16 It is the sense of Congress that the President should 

17 establish a task force of Federal, State, and local law en18 forcement representatives to implement a reserve force of 

19 law enforcement officers willing to serve overseas to pro20 vide reconstruction services described in clauses (iii) and 

21 (iv) of section 3(3)(A). 

22 SEC. 9. RETURN OF TALENT PROGRAMS. 

23 It is the sense of Congress that the President should 

24 direct the Secretary of Homeland Security to review immi25 gration rules for aliens admitted for permanent residence 
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1 to the United States who wish to return temporarily to 

2 their countries of origin to participate in ‘‘return of tal3 ent’’ programs, to the extent those countries are receiving 

4 reconstruction services from the United States. 

5 SEC. 10. SECURITY DEVELOPMENT FUND. 

6 There is established a United States Security Devel7 opment Fund to carry out the purposes of this Act. There 

8 is authorized to be appropriated to the President from 

9 time to time such amounts as may be necessary for the 

10 fund to carry out the purposes of this Act, except that 

11 no amount of funds may be appropriated which, when 

12 added to amounts previously appropriated but not yet obli13 gated, would cause such amounts to exceed $300,000,000. 

14 Amounts appropriated under this section shall remain 

15 available until expended.

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