United States 

Environmental Protection 

Agency 

Office of Chemical Safety 

and Pollution Prevention 

(7510P) 

EPA 712-C-07-074 

Draft: May 11, 2011 

Product Performance 

Test Guidelines 

 OCSPP 810.2400: 

Disinfectants and 

Sanitizers for Use on 

Fabrics and Textiles—

Efficacy Data 

Recommendations 
2 

NOTICE 

 This guideline is one of a series of test guidelines established by the Office of 

Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention (OCSPP) (formerly the Office of Prevention, 

Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) prior to April 22, 2010), United States 

Environmental Protection Agency for use in testing pesticides and chemical 

substances to develop data for submission to the Agency under the Toxic Substances 

Control Act (TSCA) (15 U.S.C. 2601, et seq.), the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and 

Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) (7 U.S.C. 136, et seq.), and section 408 of the Federal Food, 

Drug, and Cosmetic (FFDCA) (21 U.S.C. 346a), referred to hereinafter as the 

harmonized test guidelines. 

 The harmonized test guidelines serve as a compendium of accepted scientific 

methodologies and protocols that are intended to provide data to inform regulatory 

decisions under TSCA, FIFRA, and/or FFDCA. This document provides guidance for 

conducting appropriate tests, and is also used by EPA, the public, and the companies 

that are subject to data submission requirements under TSCA, FIFRA and/or the 

FFDCA. At places in this guidance, the Agency uses the word “should.” In this 

guidance, use of “should” with regard to an action means that the action is 

recommended rather than mandatory. As a guidance document, these guidelines are 

not binding on either EPA or any outside parties, and the EPA may depart from the 

guidelines where circumstances warrant and without prior notice. The methods 

contained in this guideline are strongly recommended for generating the data that are 

the subject of the guideline, but EPA recognizes that departures may be appropriate in 

specific situations. You may propose alternatives to the methods recommended in 

these guidelines, with your supporting rationale. The Agency will assess such 

proposals on a case-by-case basis. 

 For additional information about OCSPP harmonized test guidelines and to 

access the guidelines electronically, please go to http://www.epa.gov/ocspp and select 

“Test Methods & Guidelines” on the left side navigation menu. You may also access 

the guidelines in http://www.regulations.gov grouped by Series under Docket ID #s: 

EPA-HQ-OPPT-2009-0150 through EPA-HQ-OPPT-2009-0159, and EPA-HQ-OPPT2009-0576. 

DRAFT DOCUMENT DISCLAIMER: This draft document is distributed solely for the 

purpose of external review. It has not been formally disseminated by the EPA and 

should not be construed to represent any Agency determination or policy. The 

information correction process under the Agency’s Information Quality Guidelines does 

not apply until this document is formally disseminated by the EPA in its final form. This 

draft document should only be cited or quoted in the context of providing comments. 
3 

OCSPP 810.2400: Fabrics and Textiles – efficacy data recommendations. 

 

 

 (a) Scope.— 

 (1) Applicability. This guideline describes test methods that EPA believes will 

generally satisfy testing requirements of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and 

Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) (7U.S.C. 136, et seq.) and the Federal Food, Drug, and 

Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) (21 U.S.C. 346a). It addresses testing to demonstrate the 

effectiveness of antimicrobial pesticides bearing claims for use as disinfectants or 

sanitizers on fabrics and textiles. 

(2) Background. The source materials used in developing this OCSPP test 

guideline are OPP guidelines 91-4 Products for use on fabrics and textiles and 91-30 

Acceptable methods (Pesticide Assessment Guidelines, Subdivision G, Product 

Performance, EPA report 540/9-82-026, October 1982). 

 (b) Purpose. This guideline addresses efficacy testing for antimicrobial 

pesticides intended to be used on fabrics and textiles, and which bear label claims as 

disinfectants or sanitizers. 

 (c) General considerations. –(1) This guideline recommends methods for use 

in tests to be conducted to address the data requirements for pesticide registration. 

Good Laboratory Practice Standards (GLP) as defined in 40 CFR Part 160 apply to 

studies to support disinfection and sanitization of fabrics and textiles. According to 40 

CFR §160.17: “EPA may refuse to consider reliable for purposes of supporting an 

application for a research or marketing permit any data from a study which was not 

conducted in accordance with this part.” 40 CFR §160.12(b) requires with any 

submitted research data“[a] statement describing in detail all differences between the 

practices used in the study and those required by this part.” Note: The Association of 

Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) recommended tests are designed to be conducted 

as written. For deviations (e.g., cultures grown with shaking instead of static, dilution 

of culture prior to drying on carriers) proposed to be used in the conduct of these tests, 

obtain written approval from the Agency and document such deviations in the study 

reports submitted to the Agency. The Agency may consult with the AOAC prior to 

accepting modifications to their standardized methods. Refer to OCSPP Test 

Guideline 810.2000 for general testing recommendations prior to initiating tests. 

(d) Laundry additives (Non-residual). This section addresses efficacy testing 

for antimicrobial products which bear label recommendations for use in the treatment 

of laundry (as a pre-soak treatment) or in household and commercial laundry 
4 

operations to provide various levels of antimicrobial activity including disinfection, 

sanitization or residual sanitization. 

(1) Disinfecting pre-soak treatments. Effectiveness of products for “onestep” cleaning and disinfecting of hard surfaces (in the presence of moderate amounts 

of organic soil) may be extrapolated to disinfection of soiled fabrics by total immersion 

in the use solution prior to routine laundry operations. 

(i) Limited disinfectants.—(A) Test procedure. The Agency recommends the 

use of the AOAC International Use-Dilution Methods1 (Ref. 1) modified to include 5% 

organic soil. Sixty carriers for each of three samples, representing three different 

batches, one of which should be at least 60 days old, should be tested against 

Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) American Type Culture Collection (ATCC 10708) 

(formerly designated as Salmonella choleraesuis) for effectiveness against Gramnegative bacteria, or Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (ATCC 6538) for 

effectiveness against Gram-positive bacteria. 

(B) Evaluation of success for limited disinfectant pre-soak treatments. 

The product should kill all test microorganisms on 59 out of each set of 60 carriers in 

≤10 minutes. In addition, per the 2009 AOAC revisions for the Use-Dilution Method, 

”The mean log density for S. aureus must be at least 6.0 (corresponding to a 

geometric mean density of 1.0 x 106

); a mean log density <6.0 invalidates the test.” 

 (ii) General or Broad Spectrum Disinfectants.—(A) Test procedure. The 

Agency recommends the use of the AOAC International Use-Dilution Methods (Ref.1), 

modified to include 5% organic soil. Sixty carriers for each of three samples, 

representing three different batches, one of which should be at least 60 days old, 

should be tested against both S. enterica (ATCC 10708) and S. aureus (ATCC 6538). 

(B) Evaluation of success for general or broad spectrum disinfectant presoak treatments. The product should kill all test microorganisms on 59 out of each 

set of 60 carriers in ≤10 minutes. In addition, per the 2009 AOAC revisions for the 

Use-Dilution Method, “the mean log density for S. aureus must be at least 6.0 

(corresponding to a geometric mean density of 1.0 x 106

); a mean log density <6.0 

invalidates the test.” 

. 

 (iii) Hospital or healthcare disinfectants.--(A) Test procedure. The Agency 

recommends the use of the AOAC International Use-Dilution Methods (Ref.1) modified 

to include 5% organic soil. Sixty carriers for each of three samples, representing 

three different batches, one of which should be at least 60 days old, should be tested 

against each of the following: S. aureus (ATCC 6538), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

(P. aeruginosa) (ATCC 15442). 

 

1 Per Pesticide Registration Notice 2001-4, the phenol resistance assay is no longer expected to be 

conducted and submitted for all carrier based tests. 
5 

(B) Evaluation of success for hospital or healthcare disinfectant pre-soak 

treatments. The product should kill all test microorganisms on 59 out of each set of 

60 carriers in ≤10 minutes. In addition, per the 2009 AOAC revisions for the UseDilution Method, the mean log density for S. aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

must be at least 6.0 (corresponding to a geometric mean density of 1.0 x 106

); a mean 

log density <6.0 invalidates the test. 

. 

 (2) Sanitizing pre-soak treatments. Effectiveness of products for “one-step” 

cleaning and sanitizing of hard surfaces (in the presence of moderate amounts of 

organic soil) may be extrapolated to sanitization of soiled fabrics by total immersion in 

the use solution prior to routine laundry operations. 

(i) Test Procedure. The Agency recommends the following test procedure. 

(A) The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Test Method for 

Efficacy of Sanitizers Recommended for Inanimate Non-Food Contact Surfaces 

(E1153-03) modified to include 5% organic soil, (Ref.2). Three product samples, 

representing three different batches, one of which should be at least 60 days old, 

should be tested against each test bacterium. Unglazed ceramic tile should be used 

for the test carrier. Five (5) test carriers and 3 control carriers should be used for each 

test. The test microorganisms should be: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and 

Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (ATCC 4352). Enterobacter aerogenes

(ATCC 13048) may be substituted for K. pneumoniae. The ASTM method states “an 

average of at least 7.5 x 105 organisms must have survived the inoculated control 

squares for the test to be valid.” 

 

(ii) Evaluation of success for sanitizing pre-soak treatments. The results 

should demonstrate a reduction of ≥99.9 percent (a 3-log10 reduction) in the number 

of each test microorganism over the parallel control count in ≤5 minutes. 

 (3) Disinfecting laundry.—(i) Test procedures. The Agency recommends a 

simulated-use study using the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) 

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Laundry Sanitizers and Disinfectants (E 2274-

03) (Ref. 3) or Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Laundry Sanitizers and 

Disinfectants for Use in High Efficiency Washing Operations (E 2406-04) (Ref. 4). 

Alternatively, an actual in-use study utilizing washing machines may be used. The 

following elements should be used in either the simulated-use or actual in-use study. 

(A) The test microorganisms should be Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4352) 

and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) for broad-spectrum disinfection. If the 

product is intended for use in healthcare facilities, it should also be tested against 

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442). 

(B) Tests should be conducted with three samples representing three different 
6 

batches, one of which is at least 60 days old. Each sample should be tested with nine 

fabric swatches against each of the test bacteria. 

(C) The basic bacteriological procedures should be performed as described in 

ASTM Methods E-2274 and E-2406. 

(D) The method should be designed to include testing of both the fabric and 

laundry water (5 mL from the automatic washer, or 0.5 mL from the simulated washing 

device) in individual wide-mouth jars containing subculture media and neutralizers. 

The laundry water-to-media volume ratio should not exceed 1:40. 

(E) The effectiveness of an antimicrobial laundry product may be altered by 

differences in laundry machine types (top loading vs. high efficiency machines). 

Therefore, the type of machine should be taken into consideration when conducting 

efficacy tests. The water to fabric ratio in common top loading machines is 

approximately 10:1 (wash volume to fabric weight), while with high efficiency laundry 

machines, it can be as low as approximately 2.5:1. It should be noted that machine 

manufacturers are constantly upgrading machines and therefore, the fabric to water 

ratios noted above are to be considered as examples. 

(F) Growth or no-growth should be recorded after a 48-hour incubation period. 

(ii) Evaluation of disinfection success. There should be no growth in the 

subculture from the fabric and no growth in the subculture from the laundry water for 

all test microorganisms. This lack of growth should be demonstrated against each test 

microorganism within the contact time claimed on the label. 

 (4) Sanitizing laundry additives.—(i) Test procedures. The Agency 

recommends a simulated-use study using the American Society for Testing and 

Materials (ASTM) Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Laundry Sanitizers and 

Disinfectants (E 2274-03) (Ref. 3) or Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Laundry 

Sanitizers and Disinfectants for Use in High Efficiency Washing Operations (E 2406-

04) (Ref. 4). Alternatively, an actual in-use study utilizing washing machines may be 

used. The following elements should be used in either the simulated-use or actual inuse study. 

 (A) Tests should be conducted with three samples representing three different 

batches, one of which is at least 60 days old. Each sample should be tested using 

three cloth swatches for each target microorganism (Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 

4352) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538)). 

(B) The basic bacteriological procedures should be performed as described in 

ASTM Methods E-2274 and E-2406. 

(C) The method should be designed to include testing of both the fabric and 

laundry water (5 mL from the automatic washer, or 0.5 mL from the simulated washing 
7 

device) in individual wide-mouth jars containing subculture media and neutralizers. 

The laundry water-to-media volume ratio should not exceed 1:40.

 (D) ) The effectiveness of an antimicrobial laundry product may be altered by 

differences in laundry machine types (top loading vs. high efficiency machines). 

Therefore, the type of machine should be taken into consideration when conducting 

efficacy tests. The water to fabric ratio in common top loading machines is 

approximately 10:1 (wash volume to fabric weight), while with high efficiency laundry 

machines, it can be as low as approximately 2.5:1. It should be noted that machine 

manufacturers are constantly upgrading machines and therefore, the fabric to water 

ratios noted above are to be considered as examples.

 (E) Quantitative bacteriological assays should be conducted and plate counts 

reported for the cloth swatches and laundry water 

 

(ii) Evaluation of sanitization success. The results should demonstrate a 

reduction of ≥99.9 percent (a 3-log10 reduction ) in bacteria over the control count for 

both laundry water and fabric. This reduction should be demonstrated against each 

test microorganism within the contact time claimed on the label. 

 (e) Laundry additives (Residual). This section addresses efficacy testing for 

antimicrobial products which bear claims to provide residual self-sanitizing activity (i.e., 

reduction in the number of microorganisms which may contaminate the items) on 

treated fabrics when used in automatic washing machines (usually in the final rinse). 

(1) Self-sanitizing additives.-(i) Test Procedure. The Agency recommends 

use of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Test 

Method 100-2004 Quantitative Procedure: Assessment of Antibacterial Finishes on 

Textile Materials (Ref. 5), or the Standard Test Method for Determining the 

Antimicrobial Activity of Immobilized Antimicrobial Agents Under Dynamic Contact 

Conditions (ASTM E2149-01) (Ref. 6). 

(A) Testing should be conducted on three samples, representing three different 

batches of the product, one of which should be at least 60 days old. The test 

microorganisms should be Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Klebsiella 

pneumoniae (ATCC 4352). 

(B) Quantitative bacteriological assays should be performed at the following 

time intervals: 0, 30 min., 1-hr, 2-hr, 3-hr, 6-hr, and 24-hr. Consideration can be given 

to fewer or different time intervals, depending on the label claims, on a case-by-case 

basis. 

(ii) Evaluation of Self-sanitizing success. The results should demonstrate a 

reduction of ≥99.9 percent (a 3-log10 reduction ) in bacteria over the control count for 

both laundry water and fabric. This reduction should be demonstrated against each 

test microorganism within the contact time claimed on the label. 
8 

 (6) Impregnated self-sanitizing fabrics and textiles. 

 [Reserved.] A protocol should be submitted for Agency approval prior to 

conducting any tests. 

 (f) Carpet sanitizers. This section addresses efficacy testing for antimicrobial 

products which bear label recommendations for use in sanitizing carpets.

 (1) Test procedure. There is no standard test method for evaluating the 

effectiveness of sanitizers for use on carpets. Applicants should contact the Agency 

and schedule a pre-registration meeting to discuss protocol development. During the 

meeting, the applicant should provide an agenda of items for discussion, a draft label 

with the claims to be supported by the proposed protocol, and any research and 

development product performance data the applicant may have generated in support 

of the application. The following items should be taken into consideration when 

developing protocols and generating data for carpet sanitizers. 

(i) The test microorganisms for carpets that are used in residential, commercial, 

or industrial settings (including, but not limited to; homes, schools, office buildings, 

restaurants, factories) should be Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)(ATCC 6538) and 

Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes)(ATCC 13048). Applicants who intend to 

market their product to healthcare facilities (e.g., hospitals, hospices, dental and 

medical clinics, nursing homes, etc) should also test against Pseudomonas 

aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), in addition to S. aureus and E. aerogenes. 

(ii) Three product samples representing three separate batches, one of which 

is at least 60 day old, should be tested against the microorganisms listed above, on 2 

different types of representative carpet (e.g., nylon, olefin, polyester). If the product is 

intended to be used on wool carpet, and additional representative sample of wool 

carpet should be tested. 

(iii) All carpet samples should be identified by the pile fiber, pile yarn weight of 

finished carpet, pile density, and tuft height. The carpet should be cut into 8 x 12 inch 

pieces. 

(iv) Controls should be incorporated into the test protocol to demonstrate that 

bacteriostatic agents in the carpet pile or backing do not interfere with the test results. 

(2) Evaluation of sanitizing success. The results should demonstrate a 

reduction of ≥99.9 percent (a 3 log10 reduction) in the number of each test 

microorganism over the scrubbed control count within the contact time claimed on the 

label. 

 (g) Mattress, pillows and upholstered furniture treatments. This section 

addresses efficacy testing for antimicrobial products which bear a label 
9 

recommendation for use as a sterilant, disinfectant or sanitizer on mattresses and 

upholstered furniture. 

 (1) Test procedure. The use of gases and vapors is currently the only 

effective and practical means of treating mattresses, upholstered furniture, pillows, and 

similar objects to sterilize, disinfect, or sanitize against pathogenic microorganisms. 

Simulated-use studies, in which artificially contaminated articles (e.g., mattresses, 

upholstered furniture, pillows) are employed, should be performed to demonstrate the 

level of effectiveness intended (sterilization, disinfection, or sanitization). Potential 

applicants should contact the Agency and schedule a pre-registration meeting to 

discuss protocol development. During the meeting, the applicant should provide an 

agenda of items for discussion, a draft label with the claims to be supported by the 

proposed protocol, and any research and development product performance data the 

applicant may have generated in support of the application. The following items 

should be taken into consideration when developing protocols for generating data for 

mattresses, pillows and upholstered furniture. 

 (i) Each test article should be inoculated throughout the entire article. 

 (ii) Samples should be taken or withdrawn randomly from the entire article and 

cultured for microbial growth. 

 (iii) A control using a similar untreated article should be employed. 

 (iv) For claims of sterilization, the test microorganisms should be Bacillus 

subtilis (B. subtilis) (ATCC 19659) and Clostridium sporogenes (C. sporogenes) 

(ATCC 3584). For claims of broad-spectrum disinfection, the test microorganisms 

should be Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (ATCC 6538) and Salmonella enterica

(S. enterica) (ATCC 10708). If the product is used in hospitals, Pseudomonas 

aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) (ATCC 15442) should be tested along with S. aureus. 

Label claims for sanitization should be tested against S. aureus and Klebsiella 

pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) (ATCC 4352). Enterobacter aerogenes (E. aerogenes) 

(ATCC 13048) can be substituted for K. pneumoniae. 

 (v) Testing should be conducted on three samples representing three different 

batches of the product, one of which is at least 60 days old. 

(h) Surface Sanitization of Fabrics and Textiles. This section addresses 

efficacy testing for antimicrobial products that bear claims of sanitization to the surface 

of fabrics and textiles. 

(1) Test Procedure. The Agency recommends the use of The 

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Test Method for Efficacy of 

Sanitizers Recommended for Inanimate Non-Food Contact Surfaces (ASTM E1153-

03) (Ref. 2). Three product samples, representing three different batches, one of 

which should be at least 60 days old, should be tested against Staphylococcus aureus

(ATCC 6538) and either Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 4352) or Enterobacter 
10 

aerogenes (ATCC 13048). The ASTM method states “an average of at least 7.5 x 105 

organisms must have survived the inoculated control squares for the test to be valid.” 

 Two different fabric types should be tested. The fabrics should represent natural 

fabrics, such as cotton, and synthetic fabrics, such as polyester or rayon. 

(2) Evaluation of sanitizing success. The results should demonstrate a 

reduction of ≥99.9 percent (a 3-log10reduction) in the number of each test 

microorganisms over the scrubbed control count within 5 minutes. 

(i) Data collection and reporting—(1) General. To assist in the proper 

review and evaluation of product performance, complete descriptions of the test 

employed and the results obtained should be submitted to the Agency. All test reports 

should include, at the least, the following information:

(i) Study title; 

(ii) Product Identity; 

(iii) Guideline number/Data Requirement; 

(iv) Identification of the testing laboratory or organization; 

(v) Location where the test was performed; 

(vi) Name(s) of the person(s) responsible for the test; 

(vii) Statement of Confidentiality Claims; 

(viii) Statement of 40 CFR Part 160 Good Laboratory Practice compliance and 

Quality Assurance Statement; 

(ix) Purpose of the study; 

(x) Date and time of the start and end of the test; 

(xi) Test employed and any modifications (e.g., organic soil, hard water, etc), 

when using standard tests (e.g., AOAC, ASTM, etc) all deviations to the test methods 

should be reported; 

(xii) Test microorganisms employed, including identification of the specific 

strain (ATCC or other); 

(xiii) Description of the test substance, including the percent of active 

ingredient; 

(xiv) Concentration or dilution of the product tested and how prepared; 
11 

(xv) Number of samples, batches and replicates tested; 

(xvi) Manufacture date of each product batch; 

(xvii) Identification of all material or procedural options employed, where such 

choice is provided for or recommended in the test method selected (e.g., growth 

media, drying time for inoculated carriers, neutralization confirmation and/or subculture 

media, secondary subculturing); 

(xviii) Test exposure conditions (e.g., contact time, temperature, and relative 

humidity); 

(xix) Complete reports of results obtained for each replication; 

(xx) Any control data essential to establish the validity of the test. 

(xxi) Carrier counts; 

(xxii) Statistical treatment of the data; 

(xxiii) Conclusions; 

(xxiv) References; 

(xxv) Appendices, including study protocol and all raw data reports associated 

with the conduct of the study; 

The applicant is encouraged to use the EPA’s standard efficacy report format, 

which may be found at http://www.epa.gov/oppad001/efficacystudystandards.htm.

 (2) Data for modifications of recommended methods. Where 

recommended methods are modified for testing conducted to support specific claims 

and/or use patterns for a product, the protocol, identifying and describing each 

modification, should be provided with the study report. The applicant is encouraged to 

submit the proposed modification to the Agency for review and evaluation prior to 

initiation of the test. 

(3) Data for other methods. When recommended methods, or modifications 

thereto, are not employed to develop efficacy data (such as actual in-use or many 

kinds of simulated-use testing), complete testing protocols should be submitted with 

the test reports. All materials and procedures employed in testing should be described 

in a manner consistent with original research reports published in technical or scientific 

journals. Where references to published reports or papers are made, copies or 

reprints of such references should be provided with the test reports. The applicant 

should submit the proposed testing protocols for in-use or simulated-use studies (with 
12 

a proposed label to show the claims to be supported by the protocol) to the Agency for 

review and evaluation prior to initiation of the test. 

 (h) References: The references in this paragraph may be consulted for additional background information. 

(1) Official Methods of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical 

Chemists, Use-Dilution Methods, Chapter 6, Disinfectants; Current edition. 

Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), 2200 Wilson Boulevard Arlington, 

VA 22201.

(2) Annual Book of Standards, Test Method for Efficacy of Sanitizers 

Recommended for Inanimate Non-Food Contact Surfaces, Designation E1153-03. 

American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West 

Conshohocken, PA 19428.

(3) Annual Book of Standards, Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Laundry 

Sanitizers and Disinfectants (E 2274-03). American Society for Testing and Materials, 

100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. 

(4) Annual Book of Standards, Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Laundry 

Sanitizers and Disinfectants for Use in High Efficiency Washing Operations (E 2406-

04). American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West 

Conshohocken, PA 19428. 

(5) American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Test 

Method 100-2004 Quantitative Procedure: Assessment of Antibacterial Finishes on 

Textile Materials 

(6) Book of Standards, Standard Test Method for Determining the Antimicrobial 

Activity of Immobilized Antimicrobial Agents Under Dynamic Contact Conditions 

American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West 

Conshohocken, PA 19428.