UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 

MEMORANDUM 

Date: 03/02/2016 

OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND 

POLLUTION PREVENTION 

SUBJECT: Bensulide. Acute and Steady State Probabilistic Aggregate Dietary (Food Only, 

Water Only, and Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk Assessments for 

Registration Review Risk Assessment. 

PC Code: 009801 

Decision No.: 507866 

Petition No.: NA 

Risk Assessment Type: Dietary 

TXRNo.: NA 

MRIDNo.: NA 

DP Barcode: D428878 

Registration No.: 10163-200 

Regulatory Action: Registration Review 

CaseNo.: NA 

CAS No.: 741-58-2 

40 CFR: § 180.241 

FROM: ldeliz Negron-Encarnacion, Ph.D., Chemist ~----- Risk Assessment Branch V ' '7 

Health Effects Division (HED; 7509P) 

THROUGH: 

Nancy 

DanetteDrew

William 

Dodd, 

Cutchin

,

~!mist 

Chemist(RABV;HED) 

, Chemist %~ 

. / ~ /L 

~ 

17 fl}., ~ 

Dietary Exposure Science Advisory Council (DESAC) 

TO: Margaret Hathaway I Kevin Costello 

Pesticide Re-evaluation Division (7508P) 

Executive Summary 

Acute and steady state aggregate dietary (food only, water only, and food and drinking water) 

exposure and risk assessments were conducted using the Dietary Exposure Evaluation Model 

software with the Food Commodity Intake Database (DEEM-FCID) Version 3.16. This software 

uses 2003-2008 food consumption data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA's) 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, What We Eat in America, 

(NHANES/WWEIA). The analyses were conducted in support of the registration review risk 

Page 1 of 47 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 2 of 47 

assessment. This memorandum was reviewed by two peer reviewers of the DESAC (and the 

entire DESAC on 10-08-2015), per DESAC Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) 2012.1. 

Acute and steady state dietary exposure assessments incorporated USDA Pesticide Data Program 

(PDP) monitoring data for bensulide and its oxon (when available), anticipated residues, default 

DEEM processing factors, and percent crop treated (CT). Based on the absence of a comparative 

cholinesterase assay (CCA) with bensulide and its oxon, a toxicity adjustment factor (TAF) of 

50x was applied, assuming that the oxon analog is more toxic than bensulide. This toxicity 

adjustment factor was applied to residues of the oxon analog in food commodities and drinking 

water. The Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) provided daily time series outputs 

for the scenario that provide the highest and lowest estimated drinking water concentrations 

(EDWCs). The highest EDWC was for groundwater in North Carolina Eastern Coastal Plain (NC 

Cotton). The drinking water distributions for ground water assume that 13.8% of bensulide 

applied is converted to its oxon. This assumption is based on the aerobic soil metabolism study, 

the study that provided the maximum conversion to the oxon. The scenario that provided the 

lowest EDWC was surface water in California (CA Avocado). It is assumed that all bensulide in 

surface water is transformed to the oxon during chlorination. 

Acute Dietary Exposure Assessment 

Acute assessments were conducted for food only, and food and drinking water. The acute dietary 

exposure estimates from food alone are below HED’s level of concern (<100 % of the acute 

population adjusted dose (aPAD)) at the 99.9th percentile of exposure. Bensulide food only 

dietary exposure estimate is 46% of the aPAD for children 3-5 years old, the most highly 

exposed population subgroup, and 31% of the aPAD for the general population. Exposures are 

above the level of concern (LOC) for drinking water only. For food and drinking water, the 

dietary exposure is above HED’s LOC using drinking water scenarios that provided the highest 

and lowest EDWC, i.e. dietary exposure estimates were >10,000% and >1,600% of the aPAD at 

the 99.9th percentile of exposure for the general population and most population subgroups using 

the NC Cotton and CA Avocado scenarios, respectively. Although for Adults 50-99 years old the 

FQPA SF is 1x, exposures were above the LOC for food and drinking water as well. 

Steady State Dietary Exposure Assessment 

Organophosphates (OPs) may exhibit a phenomenon known as steady state acetylcholinesterase 

(AChE) inhibition which is the most sensitive endpoint for all lifestages. After repeated dosing 

at the same dose, the amount of AChE inhibition in a given dose remains consistent across 

duration. For this reason, a steady-state point of departure (PoD) was selected for oral exposure 

to bensulide. 

 

Steady state assessments were conducted for food only, and food and drinking water. The steady 

state dietary exposure estimates from food alone are below HED’s LOC (<100 % of the steady 

state population adjusted dose (ssPAD) at the 99.9th percentile of exposure for the general 

population and all population subgroups. Bensulide food only dietary risk is 80% of the ssPAD 

for children 3-5 years old, the most highly exposed population subgroup, and 58% of the ssPAD 

for the general population. Exposures are above the level of concern for drinking water only. 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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For food and drinking water, the dietary exposure is above HED’s LOC using drinking water 

scenarios that provided the highest and lowest EDWC, i.e. dietary exposure estimates were 

>10,000% and >2,900% of the ssPAD at the 99.9th percentile of exposure for the general 

population and most population subgroups using the NC Cotton and CA Avocado scenarios, 

respectively. Although for Adults 50-99 years old the FQPA SF is 1x, exposures were above the 

LOC for food and drinking water as well. 

Overall, the dietary assessments could be refined if a CCA study were available to establish a 

TAF for the oxon. Additional fate data would be needed to further refine the drinking water 

assessment; refer to EFED memo. 

I. Introduction 

Dietary risk assessment incorporates both exposure and toxicity of a given pesticide. For acute 

and steady state assessments, the risk is expressed as a percentage of a maximum acceptable dose 

(i.e., the dose that HED has concluded will result in no unreasonable adverse health effects). 

This dose is referred to as the population-adjusted dose (PAD). The PAD is equivalent to the 

point of departure (POD, NOAEL, LOAEL, e.g.) divided by the required uncertainty or safety 

factors. 

For acute and steady state exposures, HED is concerned when estimated dietary risk exceeds 

100% of the PAD. References that discuss the acute risk assessments in more detail are 

available on the EPA/pesticides web site: “Available Information on Assessing Exposure from 

Pesticides, A User’s Guide,” 21-JUN-2000, web link: 

http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EPA-HQ-OPP-2007-0780-0001; or see SOP 

99.6 (20-AUG-1999). 

The most recent dietary risk assessment for bensulide was conducted by C. Swartz (05/28/1999, 

D256307). 

II. Residue Information 

Residues of Concern 

The nature of the residues in plants is adequately established based on carrot, lettuce and tomato 

metabolism studies. The residues of concern for risk assessment in plants and drinking water and 

tolerance enforcement in plants consists of bensulide and its oxon (C. Eiden, D238417, 

10/06/1997). 

Table 1. Summary of Metabolites and Degradates to be included in the Risk Assessment and 

Tolerance Expression

Matrix Residues included in Risk 

Assessment 

Residues included in 

Tolerance Expression 

Plants Primary Crop Bensulide and its oxon Bensulide and its oxon 

Rotational Crop NS1 NS1

Livestock Ruminant NR1 NR1

Poultry 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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Table 1. Summary of Metabolites and Degradates to be included in the Risk Assessment and 

Tolerance Expression

Matrix Residues included in Risk 

Assessment 

Residues included in 

Tolerance Expression 

Drinking Water Bensulide and its oxon Not Applicable 1 NS = Not specified. It was indicated that the nature of the residue seems to be similar to that on primary crops (C. 

Eiden, D218575, 04/02/1997). Following the 120-day plant-back interval (PBI), residues in rotational crops do not 

need to be considered for risk assessment and tolerance enforcement. 2

 NR = Not required to support the established uses of bensulide. Livestock metabolism studies may be required if 

new uses are sought. 

Tolerances 

Tolerances are established in the 40 CFR § 180.241 for the use of bensulide on bulb onion, leafy 

brassica vegetables (crop group (CG) 5), cucurbit vegetables (CG 9), fruiting vegetable (CG 8), 

leafy vegetable except brassica (CG 4), and carrots. These tolerances are based on measurement 

of bensulide and its oxon and range from 0.10 to 0.15 ppm. The 0.10 ppm tolerances are based 

on combined levels of bensulide and its oxon at the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.05 ppm. 

However, in order to account for potential residue losses during storage prior to analysis, the 

tolerance for bensulide residues on brassica vegetables (CG 5), cucurbit vegetables (CG 9) and 

leafy vegetables (CG 4) is 0.15 ppm (based on twice the limit of quantitation for bensulide per se 

(0.10 ppm) plus the limit of quantification for bensulide oxon (0.05 ppm)). 

Relative Toxicity of the Oxon 

In order to account for the relative toxicity of bensulide oxon with respect to parent bensulide, a 

CCA study is needed. EPA plans to move forward with bensulide human health risk assessment 

without toxicity data for bensulide’s oxon degradate. In lieu of bensulide-specific oxon CCA 

data, EPA will use an oxon toxicity adjustment factor of 50x in its calculations. This value 

considers the data derived toxicity adjustment factor EPA has identified among oxon metabolites 

for other organophosphates, with an additional margin of safety included due to the uncertainty 

in extrapolating oxon potency data across chemicals. 

Anticipated Residues 

In general, USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) monitoring data were incorporated in the 

dietary assessment. When the commodity was not analyzed by the USDA PDP or translations 

were not possible, tolerance-level residues were used. Anticipated residues using tolerances are 

based on the LOQ or 2 times the LOQ (due to storage stability issues with parent bensulide) of 

the data acquisition method. The TAF of 50x was applied to the LOQ of the oxon. 

The PDP was specifically designed for risk assessment; analysts prepare samples in a manner 

similar to typical consumer practices, such as washing, coring, and peeling. Previous dietary 

assessments for bensulide have used Food and Drug Administration (FDA) surveillance data; 

however, these data are considerably older than the available PDP data, and were not used in this 

assessment. If monitoring data were not available for a particular commodity (i.e. cabbage), but 

were available for a similar commodity (head lettuce), the available data were translated to the 

similar crop (HED SOP 99.3) with similar use patterns. When data were translated, the residue 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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distribution file (RDF) was adjusted to account for differences in percent crop treated. All RDFs 

were adjusted to account for the oxon analog TAF of 50x (See Table 2 below). Attachment 

A.1.2 summarizes the residue inputs (anticipated residues, processing factors, PCT, etc.) for the 

acute and steady state assessments. Attachment A.1.3 summarizes all of the RDF files used for 

the acute and steady state assessments. 

In years 2010 to 2013, USDA PDP analyzed several commodities for residues of bensulide and 

its oxon separately. PDP monitoring data is available for residues of bensulide and its oxon in 

carrots, carrots baby food, summer squash, cherry tomatoes, and lettuce. PDP monitoring data is 

only available for parent bensulide for celery, winter squash, hot peppers, onion, canned spinach 

and frozen spinach. When both residues of concern were analyzed, the residues of bensulide and 

oxon were combined using a Statistical Analysis System (SAS) program that matches residues 

from the same samples using the PDP sample IDs. The SAS program adjusted the residues of 

the oxon analog using the TAF of 50x, and then added the adjusted oxon residue with the 

bensulide residue from the same sample. The SAS program directly created the RDFs for use in 

the acute and two-day average analyses. When only parent bensulide was analyzed, the RDFs 

were modified to account for the oxon analog. 

In some cases, residues of either bensulide or its oxon may have not been detected or the samples 

may not have been analyzed for both residues. The set of rules outlined in Table 2 were used to 

combine the residues for each sample. When the oxon analog was not measured, concentration 

adjustment factors of 1x or 9x were used, depending on the likelihood of having similar or higher 

residues to parent bensulide in a given commodity. A 9x factor was used for spinach and celery; 

refer to Attachment 1 for a detailed discussion. 

Table 2. Method for Combining Residues of Bensulide and its Oxon from the Same PDP 

Sample.

Bensulide Oxon Analog Data Treatment1,2

detect detect Bensulide detect + 

(50x) Oxon detect 

detect non-detect Bensulide detect + 

(50x) 1⁄2 LOD for Oxon for that sample 

non-detect detect 1⁄2 LOD for Bensulide for that sample + 

(50x) Oxon detect 

non-detect non-detect Highest 1⁄2 LOD for Bensulide + 

(50x) highest 1⁄2 LOD for Oxon 

detect not-analyzed detect for Bensulide + 

(50x) (9x) 3 Highest 1⁄2 LOD for Bensulide 

non-detect not-analyzed Highest 1⁄2 LOD for Bensulide + 

(50x) (9x)3

 Highest 1⁄2 LOD for Bensulide 1 The acute and steady state assessments use the acute TAF of 50x. 

2

 The highest limit of detection (LOD) for bensulide or its oxon was used to estimate the LOD to be included in the 

RDF file or used in point estimate calculations. When bensulide or its oxon was not detected, the LOD of that 

sample was used and added to the concentration of the analyte that was detected. When the oxon was not analyzed, 

the LOD of bensulide was used because generally the LOD of the oxon is similar than that of bensulide. 3

 When the oxon was not measured, a relative concentration factor of 1x or 9x was applied to convert bensulide 

concentration to its oxon. The 9x factor was only applied to leafy vegetables (i.e. spinach and celery) since in these 

commodities the oxon is likely to have a higher concentration than parent bensulide. 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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Processing Factors 

DEEM default processing factors were used for all processed commodities as available.

Residues in Fish 

The USDA Pesticide Data Program (PDP) monitored pesticide residues in catfish in 2008, 2009, 

and 2010. In general, pesticide residues would not be expected to be found in fish unless the 

pesticide bio accumulates or has an aquatic use. To determine whether or not residues are 

present in fish, HED now routinely checks PDP monitoring data regardless of the pesticide’s 

uses and physicochemical properties. However, PDP did not analyze catfish samples for 

bensulide. The PDP did monitor pesticide residues in salmon in 2013. Over this 1-year period, 

PDP analyzed 235 samples of salmon for residues of bensulide and its oxon. None of the 

samples contained detectable residues. As a result, residues in fish were not included in the 

assessment. 

III. Percent Crop Treated Information 

The following maximum percent crop treated estimates (Updated Screening Level Usage 

Analysis Report for Bensulide, PC Code 009801; 07/10/2015) were used in the acute and steady 

state dietary risk assessment for the following crops that are currently registered for bensulide: 

broccoli: 25%; brussel sprouts: 5%; cabbage: 20%; cantaloupes: 40%; cauliflower: 20%; celery: 

5%; cucumbers: 5%; honeydews: 30%; lettuce: 40%; onions: 20%; peppers: 10%; pumpkins: 

10%; spinach: 10%; squash: 15%; and watermelons: 10%. Percent of crop treated estimates 

were not provided for carrot, tomato, eggplant, okra and several non-representative crops under 

the cucurbit, leafy and brassica vegetables. 100% of crop treated were assumed for these crops. 

IV. Drinking Water Data 

The drinking water residues used in the dietary risk assessment were provided by the 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) in the following memorandum: “Bensulide: 

Drinking Water Exposure Assessment for Registration Review” (D428601, He Zhong, 

09/14/2015) and incorporated directly into this dietary assessment. Water residues were 

incorporated in the DEEM-FCID into the food categories “water, direct, all sources” and “water, 

indirect, all sources.” 

Drinking water from surface water sources may be subjected to water treatment through 

chlorination. Kamel et al. (2009) demonstrated that the parent bensulide residues may be totally 

converted into bensulide oxon during chlorination processes. Therefore, a total toxic residue 

(TTR) approach based on the oxon equivalent was used for drinking water from surface water 

sources. The recommended estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) of the TTRs 

from surface water sources were generated with the Surface Water Concentration Calculator 

(SWCC) model from the use scenario of the maximum exposure, California lettuce, with three 

ground spray applications at 6 lb ai/A each and a minimum 4-month interval (Table 3). 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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Drinking water from groundwater sources is seldom subjected to chlorination; thus, conversion 

of bensulide to its oxon was only based on aerobic soil metabolism processes (13.8%). 

Therefore, recommended oxon EDWCs from groundwater sources were modeled with PRZMGW based on the oxon soil conversion rate at 2.12 lbs ai /A following the use scenario on loamy 

sand soil in NC eastern coastal plain with two bensulide maximum granular applications at 16 

lbs ai/A each at a 4-month interval (Table 3). Note that the EDWCs for groundwater were also 

obtained by modeling bensulide at the maximum application rate; however, the EDWCs 

recommended by EFED are based on the oxon since these were higher than those for parent 

bensulide. 

Table 3. Recommended Surface Water and Groundwater EDWCs (μg/L) for Bensulide Oxon 

Surface Water Model: Tier II SWCC (v 1.106) 

1 in 10 yr 

Peak 

1 in 10 yr 

Annual Average 

30 yr Annual 

Average 

Ground Spray - CA Lettuce scenario (W23273.dvf) 

 (6 lbs ai/acre for 3 applications (2/1, 6/1, 10/1) 

979 494 305 

Groundwater Model: Tier 1 PRZM-GW1

Peak 

Values

Post Breakthrough 

Average

Breakthrough 

Time (Days)

NC Eastern Coastal Plain - (w13722Extended.dvf) 

2.12 lbs ai/acre for 2 applications (3/1 and 7/1) 

1,250 1,200 7,106 

1

 The peak for parent bensulide is 48.8 μg/L. Since this concentration is significantly lower than the peak 

concentration modeled for the oxon (even more after considering the 50x). The concentration of parent bensulide 

was not added to that for the oxon. 

Based on modeling, the highest residues were obtained for groundwater. In addition, the 

scenario that provided the lowest EDWC (California Avocado; 3 applications at 6 lbs ai/A) was 

modeled to provide the lowest estimate of the exposure and risk for food and drinking water; see 

Table 4. 

Table 4. Surface Water EDWCs for Bensulide TTRs

Scenario Application 

Method 

Single 

Application 

Rate 

(lbs ai/acre)

No. and 

Date(mm/dd) 

of 

Applications

Concentration (μg/L) 

1 in 10 

yr 

Peak 

1 in 10 yr 

Annual 

Average 

30 year 

annual 

average 

CA Avocado 

(W23188.dvf) 

Ground Spray 6 3 and (2/1, 

6/1, 10/1) 

179 100 73 

For the acute and steady state assessments, the entire 30-year distribution of estimated daily 

concentrations in groundwater was incorporated into DEEM-FCID and used in the probabilistic 

analyses. For steady state the daily time series were recalculated using the 21-day rolling 

averages. In the 21-day rolling average distributions, the first data point is the average of days 1-

21, the second data point is the average of days 2-22, the third data point is the average of days 

3-23, etc. 

Both the acute and steady state dietary assessments, the water residues distribution were 

incorporated in the DEEM-FCID into the food categories “water, direct, all sources” and “water, 

indirect, all sources.” The model and its description are available at the EPA internet site: 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/. 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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V. DEEM-FCID Program and Consumption Information 

Bensulide’s acute and steady state (acute 2-day average) dietary exposure assessments were 

conducted using the DEEM-FCID, Version 3.16, which incorporates 2003-2008 consumption 

data from USDA’s NHANES/WWEIA. The data are based on the reported consumption of 

more than 20,000 individuals over two non-consecutive survey days. Foods “as consumed” 

(e.g., apple pie) are linked to EPA-defined food commodities (e.g., apples, peeled fruit - cooked; 

fresh or N/S; baked; or wheat flour - cooked; fresh or N/S, baked) using publicly available recipe 

translation files developed jointly by USDA/ARS and EPA. For acute exposure assessment, 

consumption data are retained as individual consumption events. Based on analysis of the 2003-

2008 WWEIA consumption data, which took into account dietary patterns and survey 

respondents, HED concluded that it is most appropriate to report risk for the following 

population subgroups: the general U.S. population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, 

children 3-5, children 6-12, youth 13-19, adults 20-49, females 13-49, and adults 50-99 years 

old. 

For an acute exposure assessment, individual one-day food consumption data are used on an 

individual-by-individual basis. The reported consumption amounts of each food item can be 

multiplied by a residue point estimate and summed to obtain a total daily pesticide exposure for a 

deterministic exposure assessment, or “matched” in multiple random pairings with residue values 

and then summed in a probabilistic assessment. The resulting distribution of exposures is 

expressed as a percentage of the aPAD on both a user (i.e., only those who reported eating 

relevant commodities/food forms) and a per-capita (i.e., those who reported eating the relevant 

commodities as well as those who did not) basis. In accordance with HED policy, per capita 

exposure and risk are reported for analyses performed at all levels of refinement. However, for 

deterministic assessments, any significant differences in user vs. per capita exposure and risk are 

specifically identified and noted in the risk assessment. 

For a two-day average exposure assessment, two-day average food consumptions are calculated 

on an individual-by-individual basis. The reported consumption amounts of each food item for 

each day are added together and then divided by two days. For example, if an individual reports 

eating 100 grams of apple on the first day and 0 grams of apple on the second day, the two-day 

average consumption amount would be 50 grams/day of apple [(100 grams + 0 grams)/2 days = 

50 grams/day]. The resulting two-day average consumption amount can then be multiplied by a 

residue point estimate and summed to obtain a total daily pesticide exposure for a deterministic 

exposure assessment, or “matched” in multiple random pairings with residue values and then 

summed in a probabilistic assessment. The resulting distribution of exposures is expressed as a 

percentage of the ssPAD on both a user (i.e., only those who reported eating relevant 

commodities/food forms) and a per-capita (i.e., those who reported eating the relevant 

commodities as well as those who did not) basis. In accordance with HED policy, per capita 

exposure and risk are reported for analyses performed at all levels of refinement. However, for 

deterministic assessments, any significant differences in user vs. per capita exposure and risk are 

specifically identified and noted in the risk assessment. 

The steady state (two-day average) assessments were conducted in the DEEM acute module 

using the steady state endpoint and 21-day forward-rolling water averages to provide an estimate 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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of 21-day (“steady state”) average daily exposures. These steady state assessments were 

completed for drinking water alone, food alone, and food and drinking water. For drinking water 

alone, the two-day average assessments, using a 21-day forward-rolling average water file, 

provide an accurate overall estimate of the 21-day (“steady state”) average daily exposures at the 

per capita 95th or 99.9th percentile for drinking water, to the extent that predicted drinking water 

concentrations for any 21-day duration is known for any given year. For food alone, the steady 

state assessments reflect an average daily exposure for a two-day exposure duration rather than a 

21-day exposure duration. Since the DEEM steady state (two-day average assessment) does not 

capture day to day variation in food residues, it will generally result in higher food-only exposure 

estimates than a model that calculates 21-day rolling averages for food. 

VI. Toxicological Information 

Bensulide is a member of the organophosphate (OP) class of pesticides. Like other OPs, the 

initiating event in the adverse outcome pathway (AOP)/ mode of action (MOA) for bensulide 

involves inhibition of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) via phosphorylation of the serine 

residue at the active site of the enzyme. This inhibition leads to accumulation of acetylcholine 

and ultimately to neurotoxicity in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. For bensulide, 

AChE inhibition is the most sensitive endpoint in the toxicology database in multiple species, 

durations, lifestages, and routes. OPs also exhibit a phenomenon known as steady-state AChE 

inhibition. After repeated dosing at the same dose level, the degree of inhibition comes into 

equilibrium with the production of new, uninhibited enzyme. 

EPA plans to move forward with bensulide human health risk assessment without toxicity data 

for bensulide’s oxon degradate. In lieu of bensulide-specific oxon CCA data, EPA will use an 

oxon toxicity adjustment factor of 50x in its calculations. This value considers the data derived 

toxicity adjustment factor EPA has identified among oxon metabolites for other 

organophosphates, with an additional margin of safety included due to the uncertainty in 

extrapolating oxon potency data across chemicals. 

There is uncertainty in the human dose-response relationship for neurodevelopmental effects and 

this warrants retention of the FQPA Safety Factor for the population subgroups that include 

infants, children, youths, and women of childbearing age for all exposure scenarios. Therefore, 

the dietary exposure results for the general U.S. Population and all population subgroups will 

include a 10x FQPA SF. Refer to the risk assessment for a discussion of the additional 10x SF 

due to the uncertainty in the epidemiology data. 

Bensulide is not likely to be carcinogenic in humans via relevant routes of exposure. 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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Table 5. Summary of Toxicological Doses and Endpoints and Points of Departure for Bensulide in Dietary 

and Non-Occupational Human Health Risk Assessments a 

Exposure 

Scenario

Point of 

Departure 

(mg/kg/day) 

Uncertainty/FQPA 

Factors 

RFD, PAD, & LOC 

 for Risk Assessment

Study and Toxicological 

Effects 

Acute Dietary 

 

(All 

Populations 

Except Adults 

50-99 Years) 

BMDL10 = 11 

mg/kg 

UFA = 10x 

UFH = 10x 

FQPA SF = 10x 

Acute RfD = aPAD = 

 0.011 mg/kg/day 

Acute CCA Study (MRID 

49433502) in the rat 

BMD10 = 16 mg/kg 

Inhibition of RBC ChE in 

female pups (PND 11) 

Acute Dietary 

 

(Adults 50-99 

Years) 

BMDL10 = 11 

mg/kg 

UFA = 10x 

UFH = 10x 

FQPA SF = 1x 

Acute RfD = aPAD = 

 0.11 mg/kg/day 

Acute CCA Study (MRID 

49433502) in the rat 

BMD10 = 16 mg/kg 

Inhibition of RBC ChE in 

female pups (PND 11) 

Steady-State 

Dietary 

(All 

Populations 

Except Adults 

50-99 Years) 

BMDL10 = 6 

mg/kg/day 

UFA = 10x 

UFH = 10x 

FQPA SF = 10x 

ssRfD = ssPAD = 

0.006 mg/kg/day 

Repeated-Dose CCA Study 

(MRID 49466201) in the rat 

BMD10 = 8 mg/kg/day 

Inhibition of RBC ChE in male 

pups (PND 11 initially) 

Steady-State 

Dietary 

(Adults 50-99 

Years) 

BMDL10 = 6 

mg/kg/day 

UFA = 10x 

UFH = 10x 

FQPA SF = 1x 

ssRfD = ssPAD = 

0.06 mg/kg/day 

Repeated-Dose CCA Study 

(MRID 49466201) in the rat 

BMD10 = 8 mg/kg/day 

Inhibition of RBC ChE in male 

pups (PND 11 initially) 

Cancer (oral, 

dermal, 

inhalation) 

Classification: Group E chemical – the chemical is not likely to be carcinogenic in humans 

 

a Point of Departure (PoD) = A data point or an estimated point that is derived from observed dose-response data and 

used to mark the beginning of extrapolation to determine risk associated with lower environmentally relevant human 

exposures. BMDL = lower limit of the bench mark dose. NOAEL = no observed adverse effect level. LOAEL = 

lowest observed adverse effect level. UF = uncertainty factor. UFA = extrapolation from animal to human 

(interspecies). UFH = potential variation in sensitivity among members of the human population (intraspecies). SF = 

Safety Factor. PAD = population adjusted dose (a = acute, c = chronic). RfD = reference dose. MOE = margin of 

exposure. LOC = level of concern. FQPA = Food Quality Protection Act 

b This uncertainty factor incorporates uncertainty in the human dose-response relationship for neurodevelopmental 

effects (see Section 4.4) and because there is an unfulfilled inhalation study requirement for bensulide 

Toxicity adjustment factor to convert bensulide oxon to bensulide equivalents is 50 (oral). 

VII. Results/Discussion 

As stated above, for acute and steady state assessment, HED is concerned when dietary risk 

exceeds 100% of the PAD. The DEEM-FCID analyses estimate the dietary exposure and risk of 

the U.S. population and various population subgroups. The results reported in Tables 5-8 are for 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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the general U.S. Population, all infants (<1 year old), children 1-2, children 3-5, children 6-12, 

youth 13-19, females 13-49, adults 20-49, and adults 50-99 years. 

Results of Acute Dietary (Food Only, and Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk 

Analysis 

The results of the acute dietary exposure and risk analysis for food only at the 95th, 99th, and 

99.9th percentiles of exposure are reported in Table 6 and those at the 99.9th percentile of 

exposure for food only and food and drinking water are reported in Table 7. 

Table 6. Results of Acute Dietary (Food Only) Exposure and Risk Analysis.

Population Subgroup aPAD 

(mg/kg/day)

95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% 

aPAD

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% 

aPAD

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% 

aPAD

General U.S. Population 

0.011 for All 

Except 

Adults 50-99 

years old 

which used 

0.11 

0.000696 6.3 0.001359 12 0.003459 31 

All Infants (<1 year old) 0.000877 8.0 0.002354 21 0.003299 30 

Children 1-2 years old 0.001592 14 0.002775 25 0.004436 40

Children 3-5 years old* 0.001544 14 0.003278 30 0.005016 46 

Children 6-12 years old 0.000991 9.0 0.001544 14 0.003835 35 

Youth 13-19 years old 0.000570 5.2 0.001001 9.1 0.002713 25 

Adults 20-49 years old 0.000585 5.3 0.001041 9.5 0.002241 20 

Adults 50-99 years old 0.000545 < 1 0.001090 1.0 0.002124 1.9 

Females 13-49 years old 0.000588 5.4 0.001031 9.4 0.002685 24 

* The subpopulation (with exception of Adults 50-99 years old) with the highest risk estimate is bolded. 

 

Table 7. Summary of Acute Dietary (Food Only, and Food and Drinking Water) Exposure 

and Risk for Bensulide at the 99.9th Percentile of Exposure. 

Population Subgroup 

Food Only Food and 

Water (NC Cotton) 

Food and 

Water (CA Avocado) 

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day) 

% aPAD 

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day) 

% aPAD 

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day) 

% aPAD 

General U.S. Population 0.003459 31 7.200738 >10000 0.259261 2400 

All Infants (<1 year old)* 0.003299 30 15.584203 >10000 0.617566 5600 

Children 1-2 years old 0.004436 40 10.366006 >10000 0.381599 3500 

Children 3-5 years old* 0.005016 46 6.774460 >10000 0.274069 2500 

Children 6-12 years old 0.003835 35 6.321278 >10000 0.214996 2300 

Youth 13-19 years old 0.002713 25 4.816789 >10000 0.180075 2000 

Adults 20-49 years old 0.002241 20 5.199845 >10000 0.205208 1600 

Adults 50-99 years old 0.002124 1.9 4.856943 4400 0.187992 170 

Females 13-49 years old 0.002685 24 5.059084 >10000 0.202361 1800 

* The subpopulation (with exception of Adults 50-99 years old) with the highest risk estimate is bolded. 

The acute dietary exposure estimates from food alone are below HED’s LOC at the 99.9th

percentile of exposure for the general population and all population subgroups. The highest 

exposed population subgroup was children 3-5 years old with an exposure of 0.005016 

mg/kg/day occupying 46% of the aPAD. Exposures are above the LOC for drinking water only, 

refer to Attachment 2. For food and drinking water, using the drinking water scenario that 

provided the highest EDWC (NC Cotton), the dietary exposure estimates were >10,000 of the 

aPAD at the 95th, 99th and 99.9th percentile of exposure for most population subgroups with All 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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Infants (< 1 year old) having the highest exposure (Table 7 and Attachment 2). In addition, 

using the drinking water scenario (California Avocado) that provided the lowest EDWC, the 

dietary exposure estimates were >1600% of the aPAD at the 99.9th percentile of exposure for the 

general population and most population subgroups. Although for Adults 50-99 years old the 

FQPA SF is 1x, exposures were above the LOC for food and drinking water (NC Cotton and CA 

Avocado) as well. In summary, acute aggregate (food and drinking water) dietary exposure 

estimates are above HED’s level of concern. 

Results of Steady State Dietary (Food Only, and Food and Drinking Water) Exposure and Risk 

Analysis 

The results of the steady state dietary exposure and risk analysis for food only at the 95th, 99th, 

and 99.9th percentiles of exposure are reported in Table 8 and those at the 99.9th percentile of 

exposure for food only and food and drinking water are reported in Table 9. 

Table 8. Results of Steady State Dietary (Food Only) Exposure and Risk Analysis.

Population Subgroup ssPAD 

(mg/kg/day)

95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% 

ssPAD

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% 

ssPAD

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day)

% 

ssPAD

General U.S. Population 

0.006 for All 

Except 

Adults 50-99 

years old 

which used 

0.06 

0.000696 12 0.001360 23 0.003454 58 

All Infants (<1 year old) 0.000875 15 0.002355 39 0.003322 55 

Children 1-2 years old 0.001593 27 0.002774 46 0.004436 74 

Children 3-5 years old* 0.001541 26 0.003277 55 0.004779 80 

Children 6-12 years old 0.000990 17 0.001544 26 0.003836 64 

Youth 13-19 years old 0.000571 9.5 0.001001 17 0.002710 45 

Adults 20-49 years old 0.000586 9.8 0.001041 17 0.002240 37 

Adults 50-99 years old 0.000545 <1 0.001093 1.8 0.002121 3.6 

Females 13-49 years old 0.000589 10 0.001031 17 0.002687 45 

* The subpopulation (with exception of Adults 50-99 years old) with the highest risk estimate is bolded. 

 

Table 9. Summary of Steady State Dietary (Food Only, and Food and Drinking Water) 

Exposure and Risk for Bensulide at the 99.9th Percentile of Exposure. 

Population Subgroup 

Food Only Food and 

Water (NC Cotton) 

Food and 

Water (CA Avocado) 

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day) 

% ssPAD 

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day) 

% ssPAD 

Dietary 

Exposure 

(mg/kg/day) 

% ssPAD 

General U.S. Population 0.003454 58 7.197920 >10000 0.256468 4300 

All Infants (<1 year old) 0.003322 55 15.581721 >10000 0.603403 >10000 

Children 1-2 years old 0.004436 74 10.393019 >10000 0.378531 6300 

Children 3-5 years old* 0.004779 80 6.795017 >10000 0.267948 4500 

Children 6-12 years old 0.003836 64 6.315285 >10000 0.212895 3500 

Youth 13-19 years old 0.002710 45 4.781498 >10000 0.176266 2900 

Adults 20-49 years old 0.002240 37 5.194808 >10000 0.200449 3300 

Adults 50-99 years old 0.002121 3.6 4.851935 8100 0.182459 300 

Females 13-49 years old 0.002687 45 5.053817 >10000 0.196688 3300 

* The subpopulation (with exception of Adults 50-99 years old) with the highest risk estimate is bolded. 
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The steady state dietary exposure estimates from food alone are below HED’s LOC at the 99.9th

percentile of exposure for the general population and all population subgroups. The highest 

exposed population subgroup was children 3-5 years old with an exposure of 0.004779 

mg/kg/day occupying 80% of the ssPAD. Exposures are above the LOC for drinking water only; 

refer to Attachment 2. For food and drinking water, using the scenario that provided the highest 

EDWC, dietary exposure estimates were >10,000 of the ssPAD at the 95th, 99th and 99.9th

percentile of exposure for population subgroups with All Infants (< 1 year old) having the 

highest exposure (Table 9 and Attachment 2). In addition, using the drinking water scenario 

(California Avocado) that provided the lowest EDWC, the dietary exposure estimates were 

>2900% of the ssPAD at the 99.9th percentile of exposure for the general population and all 

population subgroups. Although for Adults 50-99 years old the FQPA SF is 1x, exposures were 

above the LOC for food and drinking water (NC Cotton and CA Avocado) as well. In summary, 

steady state aggregate (food and drinking water) dietary exposure estimates are above HED’s 

level of concern. 

VIII. Characterization of Inputs/Outputs 

HED has conducted a refined acute and steady state dietary exposure and risk assessments for 

bensulide and its oxon. The assumptions with respect to food made in this acute and steady state 

dietary assessment include the latest PDP monitoring data for bensulide and the oxon, anticipated 

residues, default DEEM processing factors, and percent crop treated when available. The FQPA 

10x Safety Factor was retained for all exposure scenarios; and in lieu of the absence of 

bensulide’s oxon CCA data, an oxon TAF of 50x was used. Drinking water was a main driver in 

the acute and steady state food and drinking water assessments for the general U.S. population 

and all population subgroups. These factors resulted in the acute and steady state aggregate (food 

and drinking water) dietary exposure estimates to be above HED’s level of concern. 

Overall, the dietary assessments could be refined if a CCA study were available to establish a 

TAF for the oxon. Additional fate data would be needed to further refine the drinking water 

assessment. In general, the main uncertainties with the bensulide oxon exposure estimate are 

lack of aerobic soil metabolism (testing more than one soil) and aerobic aquatic studies for 

bensulide and bensulide oxon, and lack of a bensulide oxon hydrolysis study; refer to EFED 

memo for details. Although food is not the main contributor to the dietary risk, the critical 

exposure contribution analysis (Attachment 3) shows that tomato is the highest contributor to the 

food risk estimate; therefore, the dietary assessment for food only could be refined if %CT 

information or cooking factors were available for tomato. 

IX. Conclusions 

These partially refined analyses demonstrate that the registered uses for bensulide result in risk 

of concern for the general U.S. population and all population subgroups. Risks are below the 

level of concern for food only. HED is confident that the assessment does not underestimate risk 

to the general U.S. population or any population subgroup. 

X. List of Attachments 
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Attachment 1. Data and Residue Estimates Used in the Dietary Exposure Analyses 

Attachment 2. Input and Result Files 

Attachment 3. Critical Exposure Contribution Analysis for Food Only 

Attachment 4. Screening Level Estimates for Bensulide 

Attachment 5. EDWC at the LOC Considering Exposure through Drinking Water Only
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Attachment 1. Data and Residue Estimates Used in the Dietary Exposure Analyses. 

Residue Data 

Table A.1.1 summarizes residue data for commodities that do not have PDP data available for 

both parent bensulide and its oxon. The purpose is to provide information to address the dietary 

exposure and risk assessment. In addition, PDP data for lettuce (in which bensulide and its oxon 

were measured) were included. 

Table A.1.1. Summary of Residue Levels for Bensulide and its Oxon 

Matrix (Reference) Use Pattern / 

PDP Sample ID 

Bensulide Bensulide 

Oxon 

Factor 

(Oxon/Parent) 

Tomato Metabolism 

(D179576, 

04/21/1993) 

8.6 lbs ai/A pre-plant 

112-153 day PHI 

ND 

(86% TRR 

iden/char) 

ND 

(86% TRR 

iden/char) 

NA 

Lettuce Metabolism 

(D1855889, 

03/29/1993) 

8.6 lbs ai/A soil preplant 

67 day PHI 

ND 

(86% TRR 

extracted) 

2% TRR 

(86% TRR 

extracted) 

NA 

Carrot Metabolism 

(D177460, 

06/02/1992) 

8.6 lbs ai/A soil preplant 

126 day PHI 

30% TRR 

(94% TRR 

extracted) 

2.8% TRR 

(94% TRR 

extracted) 

0.09x 

Squash Field Data 

(D218256, 

01/24/1996) 

9 lbs ai/A pre-plant ND1 ND1 NA 

Cucumber Field Data 

(D218256, 

01/24/1996) 

9 lbs ai/A pre-plant ND1 ND1 NA 

Bulb Onion 

(D206633, 

11/29/1994) 

9 lbs a.i./A pre-plant or 

pre-emergence 

Harvest at Maturity 

ND1 ND1 NA 

Bell Peppers 

(D238521, 

10/07/1997) 

5-9 lbs ai/A pre-plant or 

pre-emergence 

109-129 day PHIs 

ND1 ND1 NA 

Lettuce PDP Results 

(years 2010-2011) 

2010-6721 0.005 0.01 2.0 

2010-6845 0.004 0.005 1.3 

2010-7044 0.014 0.12 8.6 

2010-7052 0.005 0.008 1.6 

2010-7265 0.014 0.023 1.6 

2011-6295 0.012 0.003 0.3 1

 The LOQ is reported to be 0.05 ppm. 

Carrot 

The carrot metabolism study shows that the oxon was detected at lower amounts than parent 

bensulide. PDP monitoring data (2012 to 2013) was generated for about 712 samples of carrots 

and 792 samples of carrot baby food. Bensulide (limit of detection (LOD) ≤ 0.02 ppm) or its 

oxon (LOD ≤ 0.002 ppm) were not detected above the LOD in samples of carrot. Similarly, no 

detects were reported for samples of baby food (LOD of 0.004 ppm for bensulide and 0.002 ppm 

for oxon). Therefore, a residue estimate of 0.12 ppm (0.002 ppm * 50 + 0.02 ppm) is 

recommended for carrot and 0.104 ppm (0.002 ppm * 50 + 0.004 ppm) is obtained for carrot 
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baby food. Following ChemSAC decision (09/19/1998) on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the 

recommended anticipated residues are 0.060 ppm for carrot and 0.052 for carrot baby food. 

Onion 

Crop field trial data for bulb onion do not show presence of bensulide or its oxon above the LOD 

of 0.05 ppm. In 744 samples of onion measured between 2010 and 2011, there were no detects 

of bensulide above the LOD (≤ 0.005 ppm). This data suggests that neither parent bensulide nor 

its oxon are likely to be present above the LOD of 0.005 ppm in bulb onion. Therefore, a residue 

estimate of 0.255 ppm (0.005 ppm * 50 + 0.005 ppm) is obtained for bulb onion. Following 

ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the recommended anticipated residue is 0.1275 

ppm. 

Garlic and Shallot 

The tolerance for bulb onion applies to garlic and shallot. Both commodities have uses in the 

label of Prefar 4E. Therefore, the PDP monitoring data for bulb onion will be used for garlic and 

shallot assuming 100% of crop treated. 

Leafy Vegetables, Except Brassica, Crop Group 4 

Lettuce: The metabolism study with lettuce showed detection of the oxon but not of the parent 

bensulide which suggest that the oxon may predominate. PDP data for lettuce (years 2010 and 

2011) shows that bensulide (LOD ≤ 0.004 ppm) was detected in 6 of 1487 samples whereas 

bensulide oxon (LOD ≤ 0.002 ppm) was detected in 49 of those 1487 samples. The samples in 

which both were detected were included in the table above in order to estimate the ratio of the 

concentration of the oxon with respect to parent bensulide. These factors range from 0.3 to 8.6. 

This data suggest a factor of 9x for oxon residues with respect to bensulide. Lettuce PDP data is 

divided between head lettuce and leaf lettuce. The number of detects for leaf lettuce is higher 

than that for head lettuce; however, the maximum LOD for both commodities is similar. A 

residue estimate of 0.104 ppm (0.002 ppm * 50 + 0.004 ppm) is obtained for lettuce. Following 

ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the recommended residue is 0.052 ppm. 

Celery: PDP results for bensulide are available but not for its oxon. In 346 samples measured in 

2013, there were no detects of bensulide above the LOD (≤ 0.003 ppm). Celery is a member of 

the leafy vegetables (crop group 4) along with lettuce and spinach. The metabolism and PDP 

data for lettuce suggest a factor of 9x for oxon residues with respect to bensulide. This factor 

can be applied to the bensulide oxon. As a conservative measure this factor will be applied to all 

the samples of celery. In addition, a 50x relative potency factor recommended for conversion of 

bensulide to its oxon is applied. This results in a residue estimate of 1.353 ppm (0.003 ppm * 9 * 

50 + 0.003 ppm) for celery. Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the 

recommended anticipated residue is 0.6765 ppm. 

Spinach (Frozen and Canned): PDP results for bensulide are available but not for its oxon. In 

379 samples of canned spinach measured between 2010 and 2011, there were no detects of 

bensulide above the LOD (≤ 0.003 ppm). In 389 samples of frozen spinach measured between 
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2010 and 2011, there were 2 detects of bensulide above the LOD (≤ 0.003 ppm). Spinach is a 

member of the leafy vegetables (crop group 4) along with lettuce. The metabolism and PDP data 

for lettuce suggest a factor of 9x for oxon residues with respect to bensulide. This factor can be 

applied to the bensulide oxon. As a conservative measure this factor will be applied to all the 

samples of spinach. This results in a residue estimate of 1.353 ppm (0.003 ppm * 9 * 50 + 0.003 

ppm) for spinach. Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the recommended 

residue is 0.6765 ppm. 

Spinach Fresh: No PDP monitoring data for fresh spinach is available. Leaf lettuce PDP data 

were translated to fresh spinach. 

Other Commodities in Crop Group 4 except Radicchio: The SOP for translation of pesticide 

monitoring data (HED SOP 99.3; 03/26/1999) suggests use of spinach to cover other 

commodities under this crop group. However, since the data for leaf lettuce is more robust and 

showed the highest number of detects (i.e., 48 detects in 782 samples for leaf lettuce, 1 detect in 

669 samples for head lettuce, 0 detects in 379 samples of canned spinach, and 2 detects in 389 

samples of frozen spinach), this data will be translated to other commodities under crop group 4. 

This determination was made after consultation with Bernie Schneider on 09/22/2015. 

Brassica Leafy Vegetables, Crop Group 5 

No PDP data are available for commodities under crop group 5. The following 

recommendations are based on the SOP for translation of monitoring data (SOP 99.3; 

03/26/1999) and additional discussions on crop translations. 

Cabbage, brussel sprouts, radicchio and broccoli: PDP data from head lettuce was used for 

cabbage, Brussel sprouts and radicchio since all have a head morphology. The data for head 

lettuce was translated to broccoli as well. Head lettuce and cabbage have a head morphology; 

cabbage is a member of crop subgroup 5A along with broccoli. This was considered an adequate 

approach in the absence of data for broccoli (after consultation with Bernie Schneider on 

09/25/2015). This translation was made as a refinement of the dietary assessment. 

Mustard greens and commodities under crop subgroup 5B: PDP data from spinach could be 

used; however, it is only available for canned and frozen commodities and the oxon was not 

measured. Leaf lettuce will be used based on its robust data set, high frequency of detects, and 

leaf morphology. Indeed, leaf lettuce and spinach are members of crop subgroup 4A; therefore, 

the use of leaf lettuce data instead of spinach can be considered appropriate. After consultation 

with Bernie Schneider (09/22/2015), this was determined to be an acceptable translation. 

Cauliflower, and other commodities under crop subgroup 5A: PDP data is not available for 

these or similar commodities. Based on this, crop field trial data will be used. The 

concentrations are 0.10 ppm for bensulide (twice the LOQ due to storage stability issues, see 

residue chemistry chapter), and 0.05 ppm for bensulide oxon (LOQ level). The residue value 

estimated is 2.6 ppm (0.05 ppm * 50 + 0.10 ppm). Following ChemSAC decision on the use of 

the 1⁄2 LOD, the recommended anticipated residue is 1.3 ppm. 
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Fruiting Vegetables, Crop Group 8 

Tomato: PDP data for cherry tomato was generated in 2011 and 2012; of 1482 samples 

measured, parent bensulide was detected in only two samples (LOD ≤ 0.003 ppm) while the 

bensulide oxon was not detected (LOD ≤ 0.004 ppm). Therefore, for tomato, an RDF file can be 

constructed using a residue estimate of 0.203 ppm (0.004 ppm * 50 + 0.003 ppm), including 

samples with detects. Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the 

recommended residue is 0.1015 ppm. 

Peppers: Crop field trial data for bell peppers do not show presence of bensulide or its oxon 

above the LOD of 0.05 ppm. The metabolism study with tomato, another representative 

commodity of the fruiting vegetable crop group 8-10, does not show presence of bensulide or its 

oxon above the LOD of 0.001 ppm. Moreover, PDP data for cherry tomato show that parent 

bensulide was detected in only two samples while the bensulide oxon was not detected. All this 

data suggest that low levels of bensulide or its oxon may be present in peppers. PDP data was 

obtained for hot peppers (non-bell pepper) between 2010 and 2011; 367 samples do not show 

residues of bensulide above the LOD of 0.002 ppm. The oxon analog was not measured. 

Because the metabolism of bensulide in peppers is likely to be similar to tomato and the crop 

field trial data and PDP data in both matrices suggest low levels of bensulide and its oxon, it is 

recommended that the oxon analog is assumed to have similar levels to bensulide. Therefore, a 

residue estimate of 0.102 ppm (0.002 ppm * 50 + 0.002 ppm) is recommended for peppers. 

Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the recommended residue is 0.051 ppm. 

Other commodities under crop group 8: Based on the SOP for translation of monitoring data, 

the data for tomato or peppers can be translated to other members of crop group 8. As a 

conservative measure, the data from tomato will be translated to all commodities of crop group 8 

other than peppers. 

Cucurbit Vegetables, Crop Group 9 

Summer Squash: Crop field trial data for squash do not show presence of bensulide or its oxon. 

Moreover, crop field trial for cucumber, another representative commodity for cucurbit 

vegetables (crop group 9), do not shows presence of bensulide or its oxon. PDP data for summer 

squash measured between 2012 and 2013 showed no detects of bensulide (895 samples) or its 

oxon (438 samples) above the LOD (≤ 0.005 ppm). Therefore, a residue of 0.255 ppm (0.005 

ppm * 50 + 0.005 ppm) is estimated for squash. Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 

1⁄2 LOD, the recommended anticipated residue is 0.1275 ppm. 

Winter Squash: Crop field trial data for squash do not shows presence of bensulide or its oxon. 

Moreover, crop field trial data for cucumber, another representative commodity for cucurbit 

vegetables crop group 9, do not show presence of bensulide or its oxon. PDP monitoring data 

for winter squash is available for bensulide but not for its oxon. In 1115 samples of winter 

squash measured between 2011 and 2013, there were no detects of bensulide above the LOD (≤

0.002 ppm). The absence of detects in the field trial data for squash and cucumber and the PDP 

data for summer squash suggests that neither parent bensulide nor its oxon are likely to be 

present above the LOD of 0.005 ppm in squash. Therefore, a residue of 0.102 ppm (0.002 ppm * 
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50 + 0.002 ppm) is estimated for winter squash. Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 

1⁄2 LOD, the recommended anticipated residue is 0.051 ppm. 

Muskmelon, watermelon, pumpkin, chayote and other commodities under crop subgroup 9A: 

Based on the SOP for translation of monitoring data, data from winter squash can be translated to 

muskmelon, watermelon and commodities under crop subgroup 9A. Because the data set for 

summer squash is more robust (the oxon is measured) and has more conservative LODs than that 

of winter squash, this data set will be translated to these commodities. In addition, this data will 

be translated to Chayote fruit (after consultation with Bernie Schneider on 09/25/2015). Indeed, 

the current crop group for cucurbits have summer squash as the representative commodity of 

crop group 9 and subgroup 9B (which includes chayote).

Cucumber and other commodities under crop subgroup 9B: Based on the absence of PDP data, 

crop field trial data will be used for these commodities. The concentrations are 0.10 ppm for 

bensulide (twice the LOQ due to storage stability issues, see residue chemistry chapter), and 0.05 

ppm for bensulide oxon (LOQ level). The recommended residue value is 2.6 ppm (0.05 ppm * 

50 + 0.10 ppm). Following ChemSAC decision on the use of the 1⁄2 LOD, the recommended 

anticipated residue is 1.3 ppm. 

Note on Translation of PDP Monitoring Data 

Application rates (5-6 quartz/A) and timing of application (preplant/preemergence) of Prefar 4E 

(bensulide’s end-use product) are similar for all crops under cucurbit, brassica, fruiting and leafy 

vegetables crop groups. Therefore, translation of PDP data following SOP 99.3 and other 

considerations is considered acceptable with respect to the use pattern of the pesticide. 
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Table A.1.2. Data and Residue Estimates Used in the Bensulide Dietary Exposure Analyses. 

RAC 

Crop 

Subgroup Food Forms Blending Classifi- cation1 Data Source No. of Samples No. of Detectable Residues LOD (ppm) 1⁄2 LOD (ppm)2 Max %CT 

Bens Oxon4 

Carrot 1AB All NB/PB Carrot PDP 2013 712 0 0.02 0.002 0.060 100 Carrot-babyfood 1AB All NB/PB Carrot babyfood PDP 2012 792 0 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Carrot, juice 1AB All NB/PB Carrot PDP 2013 712 0 0.02 0.002 0.060 100 Onion, bulb 3A All NB/PB Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 20 Onion, bulbbabyfood 3A All NB/PB Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 20 Onion, bulb, dried 3A All B Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 20 Onion, bulb, dried-babyfood 3A All B Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 20 Garlic, bulb 3A All NB/PB Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 100 Garlic, bulb, dried 3A All B Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 100 Garlic, bulbbabyfood 3A All NB/PB Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 100 Shallot, bulb 3A All NB Onion PDP 2011 and 2012 744 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 100 

Leafy Vegetable, except brassica, crop group 4 

Amaranth, leafy 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Arugula 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Chrysanthemum, garland 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Cress, garden 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Cress, upland 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Dandelion, leaves 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 
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Endive 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 

Lettuce, head 4A All NB/PB Head Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 669 1 0.004 0.002 0.052 40 Lettuce, leaf 4A All NB/PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 40 Parsley, leaves 4A All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Radicchio 4A All NB Head Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 669 1 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Spinach 4A Fresh PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 10  Canned PB Spinach Canned PDP 2010 and 2011 379 0 0.003 0.003 0.68 10  Frozen PB Spinach Frozen PDP 2010 and 2011 389 2 0.003 0.003 0.68 10 Spinach-babyfood 4A Canned PB Spinach Canned PDP 2010 and 2011 379 0 0.003 0.003 0.68 10 Cardoon 4B All NB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Celery 4B All NB/PB Celery PDP 2013 346 0 0.003 0.003 0.68 5 Celery-babyfood 4B All NB/PB Celery PDP 2013 346 0 0.003 0.003 0.68 5 Celery, juice 4B All PB Celery PDP 2013 346 0 0.003 0.003 0.68 5 Celtuce 4B All NB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Fennel, Florence 4B All NB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Rhubarb 4B All NB/PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Swiss chard 4B All NB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 

Brassica Leafy Vegetables, Crop Group 5

Broccoli 5A All NB/PB Head Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 669 1 0.004 0.002 0.052 25 Broccolibabyfood 5A All NB/PB Head Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 669 1 0.004 0.002 0.052 25 Broccoli, Chinese 5A All NB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 100 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 22 of 47 

Brussels sprouts 5A All NB/PB Head Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 669 1 0.004 0.002 0.052 5 

Cabbage 5A All NB/PB Head Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 669 1 0.004 0.002 0.052 20 Cabbage, Chinese, napa 

5A All NB/PB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 100 

Cabbage, Chinese, mustard 5A All NB/PB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 100 Cauliflower 5A All NB/PB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 20 Kohlrabi 5A All NB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 100 Broccoli raab 5B All NB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy 5B All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Collards 5B All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Kale 5B All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Mustard greens 5B All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Rape greens 5B All PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 Turnip, greens 5B All NB/PB Leaf Lettuce PDP 2010 and 2011 782 48 0.004 0.002 0.052 100 

Fruiting Vegetables, Crop Group 8 

Tomatillo 8A All NB/PB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato 8A All NB/PB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato-babyfood 8A All NB/PB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato, paste 8A All B Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato, pastebabyfood 8A All B Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato, puree 8A All B Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 23 of 47 

Tomato, pureebabyfood 8A All B Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 

Tomato, dried 8A All B Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato, driedbabyfood 8A All B Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato, juice 8A All NB/PB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Tomato, Tree 8A All NB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Eggplant 8BC All NB/PB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Okra 8BC All NB/PB Cherry Tomato PDP 2011 and 2012 1482 2 0.003 0.004 0.10 100 Pepper, bell 8B All NB/PB Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 Pepper, bellbabyfood 8B All NB/PB Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 Pepper, bell, dried 8B All B Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood 8B All B Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 Pepper, nonbell 8BC All NB/PB Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 Pepper, nonbellbabyfood 8BC All NB/PB Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 Pepper, nonbell, dried 8BC All B Hot Peppers PDP 2010 and 2011 367 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 10 

 Cucurbit Vegetables, Crop Group 9 

Cantaloupe 9A All NB/PB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 40 Honeydew melon 9A All NB/PB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 30 Watermelon 9A All NB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 10 Watermelon, juice 9A All PB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 10 Balsam pear 9B All NB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 100 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 24 of 47 

Chayote, fruit 9B All NB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 100 

Chinese waxgourd 9B All NB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 100 Cucumber 9B All NB/PB Tolerance 0.10 0.05 1.3 5 Pumpkin 9B All NB/PB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 10 Pumpkin, seed 9B All B Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 10 Squash, summer 9B All NB/PB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 15 Squash, summerbabyfood 9B All NB/PB Summer Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 895/4383 0 0.005 0.005 0.13 15 Squash, winter 9B All NB/PB Winter Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 1115 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 15 Squash, winterbabyfood 9B All NB/PB Winter Squash PDP 2012 and 2013 1115 0 0.002 0.002 0.051 15 

1 Classification: blended (B), partially blended (PB), not blended (NB). 2 The 1⁄2 LOD is calculated as (LOD of bensulide + 50 x LOD of Oxon) / 2 for all commodities except spinach where it was calculated as (LOD of bensulide 3 Parent bensulide was analyzed in 895 samples; the oxon was analyzed in 438 of those samples. 4 LOD values in italics for the oxon were assumed to be at a similar level of parent bensulide. 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 25 of 47 

Table A.1.3. Summary of PDP Data for Bensulide and its Oxon 

2013 2012 2011 2010 

Commodity # of 

Samples 

# of 

Detects 

Max 

LOD 

# of 

Samples 

# of 

Detects 

Max 

LOD 

# of 

Samples 

# of 

Detects 

Max 

LOD 

# of 

Samples 

# of 

Detects 

Max 

LOD 

BENSULIDE 

Carrots 712 0 0.02 

CarrotsBaby Food 

 792 0 0.004 

Celery 346 0 0.003 

Summer 

Squash 

709 0 0.005 186 0 0.005 

Winter 

Squash 

187 0 0.002 742 0 0.002 186 0 0.002 

Cherry 

Tomatoes 

 744 0 0.003 738 2 0.003 

Hot 

Peppers 

 274 0 0.002 93 0 0.002 

Onions 558 0 0.005 186 0 0.005 

Lettuce 744 1 0.004 743 5 0.004 

SpinachCanned 

 198 0 0.003 181 0 0.003 

SpinachFrozen 

 198 0 0.003 191 2 0.003 

BENSULIDE OXON 

Carrots 712 0 0.002 

CarrotsBaby Food 

 792 0 0.002 

Celery 

Summer 

Squash 

346 0 0.005 92 0 0.005 

Winter 

Squash 

 

Cherry 

Tomatoes 

 744 0 0.004 738 0 0.004 

Hot 

Peppers 

 

Onions 

Lettuce 744 9 0.002 743 40 0.002 

SpinachCanned 

 

SpinachFrozen 

 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 26 of 47 

Table A.1.4. RDF Files and Point Estimate Calculations 

RDF 1: Carrot_1.rdf 

PDP Data: CRFR (2013), Total 

Samples=712, Total Detects=0, 

Total LODs=712, Total Zeros=0 

MaxPCT=1.000, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=0.060 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=712 

LODRES=0.060 

RDF 2: Carrot_BF_2.rdf 

PDP Data: ICPU (2012), Total 

Samples=792, Total Detects=0, 

Total LODs=792, Total Zeros=0 

MaxPCT=1.000, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=792 

LODRES=0.0520 

RDF 3: Onion_Bulb_3.rdf 

PDP Data: ONFR (2011,2012), 

Total Samples=744, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=149, Total 

Zeros=595, MaxPCT=0.200, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.13 

TOTALZ=595 

TOTALLOD=149 

LODRES=0.13 

Point Estimate: Onion, bulb, dried 

Total Samples=744, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=149, Total 

Zeros=595, MaxPCT=0.200, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.13 

PE=[149 samples * 0.13 ppm + 595 

samples * 0 ppm] /744 = 0.026 ppm 

RDF 4: Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_ 

100CT_4.rdf 

PDP Data: LTLF (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=782, Total 

Detects=48, Total LODs=734, 

Total Zeros=0, MaxPCT=1.000, 

Avg Residue (Detects)=0.432042, 

Avg Residue = 0.075327, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=734 

LODRES=0.0520 

RDF 5: Lettuce_Fresh_Head_5.rdf 

PDP Data: LTHD (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=669, Total 

Detects=1, Total LODs=267, Total 

Zeros=401, MaxPCT=0.400, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=1.352000, Avg 

Residue (TOTALS)=0.0228, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=401 

TOTALLOD=267 

LODRES=0.0520 

1.352 

6.014 

1.602 

1.402 

1.164 

0.802 

0.752 

0.505 

0.502 

0.452 

0.405 

0.402 

0.352 

0.302 

0.302 

0.302 

0.254 

0.252 

0.252 

0.252 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.162 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

RDF 6: Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_6.rdf 

PDP Data: LTLF (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=782, Total 

Detects=48, Total LODs=265, 

Total Zeros=469, MaxPCT=0.400, 

Avg Residue (Detects)=0.432042, 

Avg Residue (TOTALS)=0.0441, 

Avg HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=469 

TOTALLOD=265 

LODRES=0.0520 

RDF 7: Lettuce_Fresh_Head_ 

100CT_7.rdf 

PDP Data: LTHD (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=669, Total 

Detects=1, Total LODs=668, Total 

Zeros=0, MaxPCT=1.000, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=1.352000, Avg 

Residue=0.053943, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=668 

LODRES=0.0520 

1.352 

RDF 8: Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_ 

10CT_8.rdf 

PDP Data: LTLF (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=782, Total 

Detects=48, Total LODs=30, Total 

Zeros=704, MaxPCT=0.100, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=0.432042, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=704 

TOTALLOD=30 

LODRES=0.0520 

6.014 

1.602 

1.402 

1.164 

0.802 

0.752 

0.505 

0.502 

0.452 

0.302 

0.302 

0.302 

0.254 

0.252 

0.252 

0.252 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.162 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

6.014 

1.602 

1.402 

1.164 

0.802 

0.752 

0.505 

0.502 

0.452 

0.302 

0.302 

0.302 

0.254 

0.252 

0.252 

0.252 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.162 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

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0.405 

0.402 

0.352 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

0.405 

0.402 

0.352 

0.202 

0.202 

0.202 

0.152 

0.152 

0.152 

0.102 

0.102 

0.102 

RDF 9: Spinach_Canned_9.rdf 

PDP Data: SCCA (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=379, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=38, Total 

Zeros=341, MaxPCT=0.100, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.68 

TOTALZ=341 

TOTALLOD=38 

LODRES=0.68 

RDF 10: Spinach_Frozen_10.rdf 

PDP Data: SFFZ (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=389, Total 

Detects=2, Total LODs=37, Total 

Zeros=350, MaxPCT=0.100, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=1.75, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.68 

TOTALZ=350 

TOTALLOD=37 

LODRES=0.68 

2.0 

1.5 

RDF 11: Celery_11.rdf 

PDP Data: CEFR (2013), Total 

Samples=346, Total Detects=0, 

Total LODs=17, Total Zeros=329 

MaxPCT=0.050, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=0.68 

TOTALZ=329 

TOTALLOD=17 

LODRES=0.68 

RDF 12: Lettuce_Fresh_Head_ 

25CT_12.rdf 

PDP Data: LTHD (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=669, Total 

Detects=1, Total LODs=166, Total 

Zeros=502, MaxPCT=0.250, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=1.352000, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=502 

TOTALLOD=166 

LODRES=0.0520 

1.352 

RDF 13: Lettuce_Fresh_Head_ 

5CT_13.rdf 

PDP Data: LTHD (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=669, Total 

Detects=1, Total LODs=32, Total 

Zeros=636, MaxPCT=0.050, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=1.352000, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=636 

TOTALLOD=32 

LODRES=0.0520 

1.352 

RDF 14: Lettuce_Fresh_Head_ 

20CT_14.rdf 

PDP Data: LTHD (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=669, Total 

Detects=1, Total LODs=133, Total 

Zeros=535, MaxPCT=0.200, Avg 

Residue (Detects)=1.352000, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.0520 

TOTALZ=535 

TOTALLOD=133 

LODRES=0.0520 

1.352 

RDF 15: Cauliflower_Tolerance_ 

20CT_15.rdf 

Tolerannce Level Residue 

MaxPCT=0.200, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=1.3 

TOTALZ=4 

TOTALLOD=1 

LODRES=1.3 

RDF 16: Tomato_Cherry_16.rdf 

PDP Data: CTFR (2011,2012), 

Total Samples=1482, Total 

Detects=2, Total LODs=1480, 

Total Zeros=0, MaxPCT=1.000, 

Avg Residue (Detects)=0.105000, 

Avg HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1015 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=1480 

LODRES=0.1015 

0.105 

0.105 

Point Estimate: Tomato Processed 

Commodities (Paste, Puree, Dried) 

Total Samples=1482, Total 

Detects=2, Total LODs=1480, 

Total Zeros=0, MaxPCT=1.000, 

Avg Residue (Detects)=0.105000, 

Avg HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1015 

PE=[1480 samples * 0.10 ppm + 2 

samples * 0.105 ppm] /1482 = 0.10 

ppm 

RDF 17: Pepper_Nonbell.rdf 

PDP Data: HPFR (2010,2011), 

Total Samples=367, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=37, Total 

Zeros=330, MaxPCT=0.100, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.51 

TOTALZ=330 

TOTALLOD=37 

LODRES=0.051 

Point Estimate: Pepper, dried 

Total Samples=367, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=37, Total 

Zeros=330, MaxPCT=0.100, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.51 

PE=[37 samples * 0.051 ppm + 330 

samples * 0 ppm] /367 = 0.0051 

ppm 

RDF 18: Squash_Summer_40CT_ 

18.rdf 

PDP Data: SSFR (2012,2013), 

Total Samples=895, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=358, Total 

Zeros=537, MaxPCT=0.400, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1275 

TOTALZ=537 

TOTALLOD=358 

LODRES=0.1275 

RDF 19: Squash_Summer_30CT_ 

19.rdf 

PDP Data: SSFR (2012,2013), 

Total Samples=895, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=269, Total 

Zeros=626, MaxPCT=0.300, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1275 

RDF 20: Squash_Summer_10CT_ 

20.rdf 

PDP Data: SSFR (2012,2013), 

Total Samples=895, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=90, Total 

Zeros=805, MaxPCT=0.100, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1275 

RDF 21: Cucumber_Tolerance_ 

5CT_21.rdf 

Tolerannce Level Residue 

MaxPCT=0.050, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=1.3 

TOTALZ=95 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 28 of 47 

TOTALZ=626 

TOTALLOD=269 

LODRES=0.1275 

TOTALZ=805 

TOTALLOD=90 

LODRES=0.1275 

TOTALLOD=5 

LODRES=1.3 

RDF 22: Squash_Summer.rdf 

PDP Data: SSFR (2012,2013), 

Total Samples=895, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=134, Total 

Zeros=761, MaxPCT=0.150, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1275 

TOTALZ=761 

TOTALLOD=134 

LODRES=0.1275 

RDF 23: Squash_Winter_Fresh.rdf 

PDP Data: WSFR 

(2011,2012,2013), Total 

Samples=1115, Total Detects=0, 

Total LODs=167, Total Zeros=948 

MaxPCT=0.150, Avg HLOD 

(NonDetects)=0.051 

TOTALZ=948 

TOTALLOD=167 

LODRES=0.051 

RDF 24: Squash_Summer.rdf 

PDP Data: SSFR (2012,2013), 

Total Samples=895, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=895, Total 

Zeros=0, MaxPCT=1.000, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.1275 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=895 

LODRES=0.1275 

RDF 25: Onion_Bulb_25.rdf 

PDP Data: ONFR (2011,2012), 

Total Samples=744, Total 

Detects=0, Total LODs=744, Total 

Zeros=0, MaxPCT=1.000, Avg 

HLOD (NonDetects)=0.13 

TOTALZ=0 

TOTALLOD=744 

LODRES=0.13 

 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 29 of 47 

Attachment 2. Input and Result Files 

A.2.1. Acute Dietary Assessment 

Acute Input File 

Filename: C:\Users\IEncarna\Dietary 

Assessments\Bensulide\BensulideDietary_FoodWater_Acute_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Chemical: Bensulide Acute Food Water 

RfD(Chronic): 0 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Chronic): 0 mg/kg bw/day 

RfD(Acute): .011 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Acute): 0 mg/kg bw/day 

Date created/last modified: 11-23-2015/17:17:21 Program ver. 3.16, 03-08-d 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

RDL indices and parameters for Monte Carlo Analysis: 

Index Dist Parameter #1 Param #2 Param #3 Comment 

 # Code 

----- ---- ------------ -------- -------- ------- 

 1 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Carrot_1.rdf 

 2 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Carrot_BabyFood_2.rdf 

 3 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Onion_Bulb_3.rdf 

 4 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_100CT_4.rdf 

 5 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_5.rdf 

 6 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf _6.rdf 

 7 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_100CT_7.rdf 

 8 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_10CT_8.rdf 

 9 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Spinach_Canned_9.rdf 

 10 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Spinach_Frozen_10.rdf 

 11 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Celery_11.rdf 

 12 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_25CT_12.rdf 

 13 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_5CT_13.rdf 

 14 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_20CT_14.rdf 

 15 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Cauliflower_Tolerance_20CT_15.rdf 

 16 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Tomato_Cherry_16.rdf 

 17 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Pepper_Nonbell_17.rdf 

 18 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_40CT_18.rdf 

 19 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_30CT_19.rdf 

 20 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_10CT_20.rdf 

 21 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Cucumber_Tolerance_5CT_21.rdf 

 22 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_22.rdf 

 23 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Winter_Fresh_23.rdf 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 30 of 47 

 24 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_100CT_24.rdf 

 25 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Onion_Bulb_25.rdf 

 26 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Bensulide_Acute_NC Eastern Costal Plain.rdf 

 EPA Crop Commodity Name Def Res Adj.Factors RDLComment 

 Code Grp (ppm) #1 #2 Pntr 

---------- ---- ------------------------------- ---------- ------ ------ --- ------- 

0101078000 1AB Carrot 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1 Carrot 

 Full comment: Carrot, 100%CT 

0101078001 1AB Carrot-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 2 Carrot 

 Full comment: Carrot BabyFood, 100%CT 

0101079000 1AB Carrot, juice 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1 Carrot 

 Full comment: Carrot, 100%CT 

0301165000 3A Garlic, bulb 

 110-Uncooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 130-Uncooked; Dried; Cook Meth N/S 

 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100%CT 

 140-Uncooked; Canned; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 150-Uncooked; Cured etc; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 210-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 211-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 212-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 213-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Fried 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 214-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Fried/baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 215-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled/baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 220-Cooked; Frozen; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 221-Cooked; Frozen; Baked 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 222-Cooked; Frozen; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 230-Cooked; Dried; Cook Meth N/S 

 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100%CT 

 232-Cooked; Dried; Boiled 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100%CT 

 233-Cooked; Dried; Fried 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100%CT 

 240-Cooked; Canned; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 242-Cooked; Canned; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 250-Cooked; Cured etc; Cook Meth N/S 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 31 of 47 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

 252-Cooked; Cured etc; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

0301165001 3A Garlic, bulb-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

0301237000 3A Onion, bulb 1.000000 1.000 1.000 3 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 20%CT 

0301237001 3A Onion, bulb-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 3 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 20%CT 

0301238000 3A Onion, bulb, dried 0.026000 9.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion 

0301238001 3A Onion, bulb, dried-babyfood 0.026000 9.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion 

0301338000 3A Shallot, bulb 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100%CT 

0401005000 4A Amaranth, leafy 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401018000 4A Arugula 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401104000 4A Chrysanthemum, garland 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401133000 4A Cress, garden 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401134000 4A Cress, upland 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401138000 4A Dandelion, leaves 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401150000 4A Endive 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401204000 4A Lettuce, head 1.000000 1.000 1.000 5 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 40%CT 

0401205000 4A Lettuce, leaf 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 40%CT 

0401248000 4A Parsley, leaves 1.000000 1.000 1.000 6 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401313000 4A Radicchio 1.000000 1.000 1.000 7 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401355000 4A Spinach 

 110-Uncooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 210-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 211-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 212-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 213-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Fried 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 215-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled/baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 220-Cooked; Frozen; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 10 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Frozen, 10%CT 

 221-Cooked; Frozen; Baked 1.000000 1.000 1.000 10 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Frozen, 10%CT 

 222-Cooked; Frozen; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 10 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Frozen, 10%CT 

 232-Cooked; Dried; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 240-Cooked; Canned; Cook Meth N/S 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 32 of 47 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 9 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Canned, 10%CT 

 242-Cooked; Canned; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 9 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Canned, 10%CT 

0401355001 4A Spinach-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 9 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Canned, 10%CT 

0402076000 4B Cardoon 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402085000 4B Celery 1.000000 1.000 1.000 11 Celery 

 Full comment: Celery, 5%CT 

0402085001 4B Celery-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 11 Celery 

 Full comment: Celery, 5%CT 

0402086000 4B Celery, juice 1.000000 1.000 1.000 11 Celery 

 Full comment: Celery, 5%CT 

0402087000 4B Celtuce 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402152000 4B Fennel, Florence 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402322000 4B Rhubarb 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402367000 4B Swiss chard 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0501061000 5A Broccoli 1.000000 1.000 1.000 12 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 25%CT 

0501061001 5A Broccoli-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 12 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 25%CT 

0501062000 5A Broccoli, Chinese 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0501064000 5A Brussels sprouts 1.000000 1.000 1.000 13 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 5%CT 

0501069000 5A Cabbage 1.000000 1.000 1.000 14 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 20%CT 

0501071000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, napa 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0501072000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, mustard 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0501083000 5A Cauliflower 1.000000 1.000 1.000 15 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 20%CT 

0501196000 5A Kohlrabi 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0502063000 5B Broccoli raab 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502070000 5B Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502117000 5B Collards 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502194000 5B Kale 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502229000 5B Mustard greens 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502318000 5B Rape greens 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502389000 5B Turnip, greens 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0801374000 8A Tomatillo 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801375000 8A Tomato 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801375001 8A Tomato-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801376000 8A Tomato, paste 0.100000 5.400 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801376001 8A Tomato, paste-babyfood 0.100000 5.400 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801377000 8A Tomato, puree 0.100000 3.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801377001 8A Tomato, puree-babyfood 0.100000 3.300 1.000 Point 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 33 of 47 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801378000 8A Tomato, dried 0.100000 14.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801378001 8A Tomato, dried-babyfood 0.100000 14.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801379000 8A Tomato, juice 0.100000 1.500 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801380000 8A Tomato, Tree 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0802148000 8BC Eggplant 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0802234000 8BC Okra 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0802270000 8B Pepper, bell 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802270001 8B Pepper, bell-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802271000 8B Pepper, bell, dried 0.005100 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Pepper 

0802271001 8B Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood 0.005100 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Pepper 

0802272000 8BC Pepper, nonbell 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802272001 8BC Pepper, nonbell-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802273000 8BC Pepper, nonbell, dried 0.005100 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Pepper 

0901075000 9A Cantaloupe 1.000000 1.000 1.000 18 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 40%CT 

0901187000 9A Honeydew melon 1.000000 1.000 1.000 19 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 30%CT 

0901399000 9A Watermelon 1.000000 1.000 1.000 20 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 10%CT 

0901400000 9A Watermelon, juice 1.000000 1.000 1.000 20 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 10%CT 

0902021000 9B Balsam pear 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0902088000 9B Chayote, fruit 1.000000 1.000 1.000 24 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 100%CT 

0902102000 9B Chinese waxgourd 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0902135000 9B Cucumber 1.000000 1.000 1.000 21 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 5%CT 

0902308000 9B Pumpkin 1.000000 1.000 1.000 20 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 10%CT 

0902309000 9B Pumpkin, seed 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, Blend 

0902356000 9B Squash, summer 1.000000 1.000 1.000 22 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 15%CT 

0902356001 9B Squash, summer-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 23 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 15%CT 

0902357000 9B Squash, winter 1.000000 1.000 1.000 23 Winter 

 Full comment: Winter Squash, 15%CT 

0902357001 9B Squash, winter-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 23 Winter 

 Full comment: Winter Squash, 15%CT 

8601000000 86A Water, direct, all sources 1.000000 1.000 1.000 26 GW - N 

 Full comment: GW - NC Plain; 3 x 6 lbs ai/A 

8602000000 86B Water, indirect, all sources 1.000000 1.000 1.000 26 GW - N 

 Full comment: GW - NC Plain; 3 x 6 lbs ai/A 

Acute Result File (Food Only) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 34 of 47 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE ACUTE FOOD ONLY NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: BensulideDietary_FoodOnly_Acute_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. 

Analysis Date: 11-24-2015/22:05:01 Residue file dated: 11-23-2015/17:14:30 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 0.000696 6.33 0.001359 12.35 0.003459 31.45 

All Infants: 

 0.000877 7.97 0.002354 21.40 0.003299 29.99 

Children 1-2: 

 0.001592 14.47 0.002775 25.22 0.004436 40.33 

Children 3-5: 

 0.001544 14.04 0.003278 29.80 0.005016 45.60 

Children 6-12: 

 0.000991 9.01 0.001544 14.04 0.003835 34.86 

Youth 13-19: 

 0.000570 5.19 0.001001 9.10 0.002713 24.66 

Adults 20-49: 

 0.000585 5.32 0.001041 9.46 0.002241 20.37 

Adults 50-99: 

 0.000545 0.50 0.001090 0.99 0.002124 1.93 

Female 13-49: 

 0.000588 5.35 0.001031 9.37 0.002685 24.41

Acute Result File (Water Only) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE: WATER ONLY NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: Bensulide_Acute_WaterOnly.r08 Adjustment factor #2 used. 

Analysis Date: 10-08-2015/16:24:53 Residue file dated: 10-08-2015/16:11:37 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 2.275922 >10000 4.046847 >10000 7.678216 >10000 

All Infants: 

 7.520635 >10000 11.499234 >10000 18.020687 >10000 

Children 1-2: 

 3.520924 >10000 6.124869 >10000 11.541166 >10000 

Children 3-5: 

 2.912255 >10000 4.816625 >10000 8.169168 >10000 

Children 6-12: 

 2.059751 >10000 3.860208 >10000 6.741665 >10000 

Youth 13-19: 

 1.814217 >10000 3.420254 >10000 6.203782 >10000 

Adults 20-49: 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 35 of 47 

 2.308230 >10000 3.812519 >10000 5.926093 >10000 

Adults 50-99: 

 2.124412 1931.28 3.368625 3062.39 5.466176 4969.25 

Female 13-49: 

 2.351742 >10000 3.884979 >10000 5.809774 >10000 

Acute Result File (Food and Drinking Water NC Cotton) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE ACUTE FOOD WATER NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: BensulideDietary_FoodWater_Acute_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. 

Analysis Date: 11-24-2015/21:54:15 Residue file dated: 11-23-2015/17:17:21 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 2.201028 >10000 3.639543 >10000 7.200738 >10000 

All Infants: 

 7.243097 >10000 10.929485 >10000 15.584203 >10000 

Children 1-2: 

 3.394754 >10000 5.353360 >10000 10.366006 >10000 

Children 3-5: 

 2.651409 >10000 4.279348 >10000 6.774460 >10000 

Children 6-12: 

 1.931826 >10000 3.301167 >10000 6.321278 >10000 

Youth 13-19: 

 1.769030 >10000 2.879901 >10000 4.816789 >10000 

Adults 20-49: 

 2.220606 >10000 3.384570 >10000 5.199845 >10000 

Adults 50-99: 

 2.047669 1861.52 3.184493 2894.99 4.856943 4415.40 

Female 13-49: 

 2.293809 >10000 3.465148 >10000 5.059084 >10000 

Acute Result File (Food and Drinking Water CA Avocado) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE ACUTE FOOD WATER NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: BensulideDietary_FoodWater_Acute_Refined PDP CT_Lowest EDWC.r08 

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. 

Analysis Date: 11-24-2015/19:22:36 Residue file dated: 11-23-2015/17:18:16 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 1000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 36 of 47 

Total US Population: 

 0.078179 710.72 0.133920 1217.46 0.259261 2356.91 

All Infants: 

 0.246114 2237.40 0.392544 3568.58 0.617566 5614.24 

Children 1-2: 

 0.118029 1072.99 0.200324 1821.13 0.381599 3469.08 

Children 3-5: 

 0.094340 857.64 0.155515 1413.77 0.274069 2491.53 

Children 6-12: 

 0.070203 638.21 0.119789 1088.99 0.214996 1954.51 

Youth 13-19: 

 0.061743 561.30 0.104553 950.48 0.180075 1637.05 

Adults 20-49: 

 0.077111 701.01 0.123741 1124.92 0.205208 1865.53 

Adults 50-99: 

 0.072139 65.58 0.114941 104.49 0.187992 170.90 

Female 13-49: 

 0.078766 716.05 0.125405 1140.05 0.202361 1839.65

A.2.2. Steady State (Acute 2-day Average) Dietary Assessment 

Steady State Input File 

Filename: C:\Users\IEncarna\Dietary 

Assessments\Bensulide\BensulideDietary_FoodWater_SteadyState_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Chemical: Bensulide Steady State (2-day Average) Food Water 

RfD(Chronic): 0 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Chronic): 0 mg/kg bw/day 

RfD(Acute): .006 mg/kg bw/day NOEL(Acute): 0 mg/kg bw/day 

Date created/last modified: 11-23-2015/17:19:05 Program ver. 3.16, 03-08-d 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

RDL indices and parameters for Monte Carlo Analysis: 

Index Dist Parameter #1 Param #2 Param #3 Comment 

 # Code 

----- ---- ------------ -------- -------- ------- 

 1 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Carrot_1.rdf 

 2 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Carrot_BabyFood_2.rdf 

 3 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Onion_Bulb_3.rdf 

 4 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_100CT_4.rdf 

 5 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_5.rdf 

 6 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf _6.rdf 

 7 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_100CT_7.rdf 

 8 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Leaf_10CT_8.rdf 

 9 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Spinach_Canned_9.rdf 

 10 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Spinach_Frozen_10.rdf 

 11 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Celery_11.rdf 

 12 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_25CT_12.rdf 

 13 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_5CT_13.rdf 

 14 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Lettuce_Fresh_Head_20CT_14.rdf 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 37 of 47 

 15 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Cauliflower_Tolerance_20CT_15.rdf 

 16 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Tomato_Cherry_16.rdf 

 17 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Pepper_Nonbell_17.rdf 

 18 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_40CT_18.rdf 

 19 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_30CT_19.rdf 

 20 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_10CT_20.rdf 

 21 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Cucumber_Tolerance_5CT_21.rdf 

 22 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_22.rdf 

 23 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Winter_Fresh_23.rdf 

 24 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Squash_Summer_100CT_24.rdf 

 25 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Onion_Bulb_25.rdf 

 26 6 C:\Users\IEncarna\Documents\IENCARNA\Dietary Assessments\Bensulide\rdf 

Files\Bensulide_SteadyState_NC Eastern Costal Plain.rdf 

 EPA Crop Commodity Name Def Res Adj.Factors RDLComment 

 Code Grp (ppm) #1 #2 Pntr 

---------- ---- ------------------------------- ---------- ------ ------ --- ------- 

0101078000 1AB Carrot 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1 Carrot 

 Full comment: Carrot, 100%CT 

0101078001 1AB Carrot-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 2 Carrot 

 Full comment: Carrot BabyFood, 100%CT 

0101079000 1AB Carrot, juice 1.000000 1.000 1.000 1 Carrot 

 Full comment: Carrot, 100%CT 

0301165000 3A Garlic, bulb 

 110-Uncooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 130-Uncooked; Dried; Cook Meth N/S 

 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100%CT 

 140-Uncooked; Canned; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 150-Uncooked; Cured etc; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 210-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 211-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 212-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 213-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Fried 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 214-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Fried/baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 215-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled/baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 220-Cooked; Frozen; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 38 of 47 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 221-Cooked; Frozen; Baked 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 222-Cooked; Frozen; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 230-Cooked; Dried; Cook Meth N/S 

 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100% CT 

 232-Cooked; Dried; Boiled 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100% CT 

 233-Cooked; Dried; Fried 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion, 100% CT 

 240-Cooked; Canned; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 242-Cooked; Canned; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 250-Cooked; Cured etc; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

 252-Cooked; Cured etc; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

0301165001 3A Garlic, bulb-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

0301237000 3A Onion, bulb 1.000000 1.000 1.000 3 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 20%CT 

0301237001 3A Onion, bulb-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 3 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 20%CT 

0301238000 3A Onion, bulb, dried 0.026000 9.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion 

0301238001 3A Onion, bulb, dried-babyfood 0.026000 9.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend Onion 

0301338000 3A Shallot, bulb 1.000000 1.000 1.000 25 Onion, 

 Full comment: Onion, 100% CT 

0401005000 4A Amaranth, leafy 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401018000 4A Arugula 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401104000 4A Chrysanthemum, garland 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401133000 4A Cress, garden 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401134000 4A Cress, upland 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401138000 4A Dandelion, leaves 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401150000 4A Endive 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401204000 4A Lettuce, head 1.000000 1.000 1.000 5 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 40%CT 

0401205000 4A Lettuce, leaf 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 40%CT 

0401248000 4A Parsley, leaves 1.000000 1.000 1.000 6 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401313000 4A Radicchio 1.000000 1.000 1.000 7 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 100%CT 

0401355000 4A Spinach 

 110-Uncooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 210-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 211-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 212-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 39 of 47 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 213-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Fried 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 215-Cooked; Fresh or N/S; Boiled/baked 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 220-Cooked; Frozen; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 10 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Frozen, 10%CT 

 221-Cooked; Frozen; Baked 1.000000 1.000 1.000 10 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Frozen, 10%CT 

 222-Cooked; Frozen; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 10 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Frozen, 10%CT 

 232-Cooked; Dried; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 8 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 10%CT 

 240-Cooked; Canned; Cook Meth N/S 

 1.000000 1.000 1.000 9 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Canned, 10%CT 

 242-Cooked; Canned; Boiled 1.000000 1.000 1.000 9 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Canned, 10%CT 

0401355001 4A Spinach-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 9 Spinac 

 Full comment: Spinach Canned, 10%CT 

0402076000 4B Cardoon 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402085000 4B Celery 1.000000 1.000 1.000 11 Celery 

 Full comment: Celery, 5%CT 

0402085001 4B Celery-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 11 Celery 

 Full comment: Celery, 5%CT 

0402086000 4B Celery, juice 1.000000 1.000 1.000 11 Celery 

 Full comment: Celery, 5%CT 

0402087000 4B Celtuce 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402152000 4B Fennel, Florence 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402322000 4B Rhubarb 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0402367000 4B Swiss chard 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0501061000 5A Broccoli 1.000000 1.000 1.000 12 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 25%CT 

0501061001 5A Broccoli-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 12 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 25%CT 

0501062000 5A Broccoli, Chinese 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0501064000 5A Brussels sprouts 1.000000 1.000 1.000 13 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 5%CT 

0501069000 5A Cabbage 1.000000 1.000 1.000 14 Head L 

 Full comment: Head Lettuce, 20%CT 

0501071000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, napa 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0501072000 5A Cabbage, Chinese, mustard 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0501083000 5A Cauliflower 1.000000 1.000 1.000 15 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 20%CT 

0501196000 5A Kohlrabi 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0502063000 5B Broccoli raab 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502070000 5B Cabbage, Chinese, bok choy 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502117000 5B Collards 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502194000 5B Kale 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502229000 5B Mustard greens 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 40 of 47 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502318000 5B Rape greens 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0502389000 5B Turnip, greens 1.000000 1.000 1.000 4 Leaf L 

 Full comment: Leaf Lettuce, 100%CT 

0801374000 8A Tomatillo 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801375000 8A Tomato 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801375001 8A Tomato-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801376000 8A Tomato, paste 0.100000 5.400 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801376001 8A Tomato, paste-babyfood 0.100000 5.400 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801377000 8A Tomato, puree 0.100000 3.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801377001 8A Tomato, puree-babyfood 0.100000 3.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801378000 8A Tomato, dried 0.100000 14.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801378001 8A Tomato, dried-babyfood 0.100000 14.300 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Tomato 

0801379000 8A Tomato, juice 0.100000 1.500 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0801380000 8A Tomato, Tree 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0802148000 8BC Eggplant 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0802234000 8BC Okra 1.000000 1.000 1.000 16 Cherry 

 Full comment: Cherry Tomato, 100%CT 

0802270000 8B Pepper, bell 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802270001 8B Pepper, bell-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802271000 8B Pepper, bell, dried 0.005100 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Pepper 

0802271001 8B Pepper, bell, dried-babyfood 0.005100 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Pepper 

0802272000 8BC Pepper, nonbell 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802272001 8BC Pepper, nonbell-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 17 Hot Pe 

 Full comment: Hot Pepper, 10%CT 

0802273000 8BC Pepper, nonbell, dried 0.005100 1.000 1.000 Point 

 Full comment: Point Est, Blend, Pepper 

0901075000 9A Cantaloupe 1.000000 1.000 1.000 18 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 40%CT 

0901187000 9A Honeydew melon 1.000000 1.000 1.000 19 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 30%CT 

0901399000 9A Watermelon 1.000000 1.000 1.000 20 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 10%CT 

0901400000 9A Watermelon, juice 1.000000 1.000 1.000 20 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 10%CT 

0902021000 9B Balsam pear 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0902088000 9B Chayote, fruit 1.000000 1.000 1.000 24 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 100%CT 

0902102000 9B Chinese waxgourd 1.300000 1.000 1.000 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 100%CT 

0902135000 9B Cucumber 1.000000 1.000 1.000 21 Tolera 

 Full comment: Tolerance, 5%CT 

0902308000 9B Pumpkin 1.000000 1.000 1.000 20 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 10%CT 

0902309000 9B Pumpkin, seed 0.130000 1.000 1.000 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, Blend 

0902356000 9B Squash, summer 1.000000 1.000 1.000 22 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 15%CT 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 41 of 47 

0902356001 9B Squash, summer-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 23 Summer 

 Full comment: Summer Squash, 15%CT 

0902357000 9B Squash, winter 1.000000 1.000 1.000 23 Winter 

 Full comment: Winter Squash, 15%CT 

0902357001 9B Squash, winter-babyfood 1.000000 1.000 1.000 23 Winter 

 Full comment: Winter Squash, 15%CT 

8601000000 86A Water, direct, all sources 1.000000 1.000 1.000 26 GW - 2 

 Full comment: GW - 21-day rolling av; NC Plain; 3 x 6 lbsai/A 

8602000000 86B Water, indirect, all sources 1.000000 1.000 1.000 26 GW - 2 

 Full comment: GW - 21-day rolling av; NC Plain; 3 x 6 lbsai/A 

Steady State Result File (Food Only) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE STEADY STATE (2-DAY AVERAGE) FOOD ONLY 

 NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: BensulideDietary_FoodOnly_SteadyState_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. 

Analysis Date: 11-24-2015/19:10:44 Residue file dated: 11-23-2015/17:16:03 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 2000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 0.000696 11.61 0.001360 22.67 0.003454 57.57 

All Infants: 

 0.000875 14.58 0.002355 39.24 0.003322 55.37 

Children 1-2: 

 0.001593 26.55 0.002774 46.23 0.004436 73.93 

Children 3-5: 

 0.001541 25.69 0.003277 54.61 0.004779 79.65 

Children 6-12: 

 0.000990 16.50 0.001544 25.73 0.003836 63.93 

Youth 13-19: 

 0.000571 9.51 0.001001 16.69 0.002710 45.17 

Adults 20-49: 

 0.000586 9.76 0.001041 17.35 0.002240 37.33 

Adults 50-99: 

 0.000545 0.91 0.001093 1.82 0.002128 3.55 

Female 13-49: 

 0.000589 9.81 0.001031 17.18 0.002687 44.79 

Steady State Result File (Water Only) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE: WATER ONLY NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: Bensulide_SteadyState_WaterOnly.r08 Adjustment factor #2 used. 

Analysis Date: 10-08-2015/16:34:30 Residue file dated: 10-08-2015/16:12:33 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 2000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 42 of 47 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 2.198112 >10000 3.638341 >10000 7.201506 >10000 

All Infants: 

 7.242605 >10000 10.919091 >10000 15.562427 >10000 

Children 1-2: 

 3.393080 >10000 5.337693 >10000 10.362899 >10000 

Children 3-5: 

 2.647587 >10000 4.276408 >10000 6.791597 >10000 

Children 6-12: 

 1.937966 >10000 3.296448 >10000 6.319859 >10000 

Youth 13-19: 

 1.770270 >10000 2.877123 >10000 4.794140 >10000 

Adults 20-49: 

 2.217461 >10000 3.378742 >10000 5.198223 >10000 

Adults 50-99: 

 2.043202 3405.34 3.180071 5300.12 4.856147 8093.58 

Female 13-49: 

 2.292162 >10000 3.461474 >10000 5.057977 >10000 

Steady State Result File (Food and Drinking Water NC Cotton) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE STEADY STATE (2-DAY AVERAGE) FOOD WATER 

 NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: BensulideDietary_FoodWater_SteadyState_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. 

Analysis Date: 11-24-2015/18:53:00 Residue file dated: 11-23-2015/17:19:05 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 2000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 2.198048 >10000 3.636428 >10000 7.197920 >10000 

All Infants: 

 7.244892 >10000 10.954358 >10000 15.581721 >10000 

Children 1-2: 

 3.389774 >10000 5.327526 >10000 10.393019 >10000 

Children 3-5: 

 2.649702 >10000 4.285735 >10000 6.795017 >10000 

Children 6-12: 

 1.934804 >10000 3.289967 >10000 6.315285 >10000 

Youth 13-19: 

 1.769910 >10000 2.880795 >10000 4.781498 >10000 

Adults 20-49: 

 2.217875 >10000 3.375879 >10000 5.194808 >10000 

Adults 50-99: 

 2.041901 3403.17 3.178268 5297.11 4.851935 8086.56 

Female 13-49: 

 2.288939 >10000 3.459970 >10000 5.053817 >10000
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 43 of 47 

Steady State Result File (Food and Drinking Water CA Avocado) 

US EPA Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d 

DEEM-FCID ACUTE Analysis for BENSULIDE STEADY STATE (2-DAY AVERAGE) FOOD WATER 

 NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file: BensulideDietary_FoodWater_SteadyState_Refined PDP CT_Lowest EDWC.r08 

Adjustment factor #2 NOT used. 

Analysis Date: 11-24-2015/18:38:00 Residue file dated: 11-23-2015/17:19:50 

Acute Pop Adjusted Dose (aPAD) varies with population; see individual reports 

Two-Day Average Results Reported 

RAC/FF intake summed over 24 hours 

MC iterations = 2000; MC list in residue file; MC seed = 10; RNG = MS VB 

Run Comment: "" 

=============================================================================== 

Summary calculations--per capita: 

 95th Percentile 99th Percentile 99.9th Percentile 

 Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD Exposure % aPAD 

 ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- -------- 

Total US Population: 

 0.077789 1296.48 0.132508 2208.47 0.256468 4274.47 

All Infants: 

 0.245876 4097.93 0.387208 6453.46 0.603403 >10000 

Children 1-2: 

 0.117663 1961.04 0.199239 3320.65 0.378531 6308.86 

Children 3-5: 

 0.094079 1567.98 0.153828 2563.80 0.267948 4465.79 

Children 6-12: 

 0.069838 1163.97 0.118744 1979.07 0.212895 3548.26 

Youth 13-19: 

 0.061559 1025.98 0.103514 1725.23 0.176266 2937.77 

Adults 20-49: 

 0.076713 1278.55 0.122406 2040.11 0.200449 3340.83 

Adults 50-99: 

 0.071774 119.62 0.113156 188.59 0.182459 304.10 

Female 13-49: 

 0.078247 1304.12 0.123796 2063.27 0.196688 3278.14 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 44 of 47 

Attachment 3. Critical Exposure Contribution Analysis for Food Only 

Acute CEC Result File (Children 3-5 years) 

US EPA 

DEEM-FCID Acute Critical Exposure Contribution Analysis (Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d) 

NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file = C:\Users\IEncarna\Dietary 

Assessments\Bensulide\BensulideDietary_FoodOnly_Acute_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Date and time of analysis: 11-24-2015 21:58:36 

Daily totals for food and foodform consumption used. 

Adjustment factor #2 not used. 

Minimum exposure contribution = 5% 

MC Iterations = 1000 Seed = 10 RNG = MS VB 

Exposures divided by body weight 

Children 3-5 

Low percentile for CEC records: 99.9 Exposure (mg/day) = 0.005016 

High percentile for CEC records: 100 Exposure (mg/day) = 0.027683 

Number of actual records in this interval: 1007 

Critical foods (without foodforms) for this population (as derived from these records): 

 N=number of appearances in all records (including duplicates) 

 %=percent of total exposure for all records (including duplicates) 

Food N Percent Food Name 

---------- ----- ------- ------------- 

0902135000 809 60.05% Cucumber 

0901399000 115 9.27% Watermelon 

0801377000 485 5.84% Tomato, puree 

0501061000 24 2.76% Broccoli 

0801379000 195 2.59% Tomato, juice 

0502117000 18 2.49% Collards 

0401355000 26 2.16% Spinach 

0502229000 15 2.13% Mustard greens 

0801376000 133 1.54% Tomato, paste 

0502389000 6 1.30% Turnip, greens 

0501069000 8 0.84% Cabbage 

0401204000 12 0.81% Lettuce, head 

0801375000 114 0.71% Tomato 

0401205000 9 0.49% Lettuce, leaf 

0901075000 20 0.24% Cantaloupe 

0501083000 3 0.09% Cauliflower 

0401150000 3 0.07% Endive 

0402085000 3 0.02% Celery 

0101078000 3 0.01% Carrot 

0901187000 2 0.01% Honeydew melon 

Steady State (Acute 2-day Average) Result File (Children 3-5 years) 

US EPA 

DEEM-FCID Acute Critical Exposure Contribution Analysis (Ver. 3.18, 03-08-d) 

NHANES 2003-2008 2-Day 

Residue file = C:\Users\IEncarna\Dietary 

Assessments\Bensulide\BensulideDietary_FoodOnly_SteadyState_Refined PDP CT.r08 

Date and time of analysis: 11-24-2015 18:58:41 

Daily totals for food and foodform consumption used. 

Adjustment factor #2 not used. 

Minimum exposure contribution = 5% 

MC Iterations = 2000 Seed = 10 RNG = MS VB 

CEC records generated for first 1624 iterations. 

Exposures divided by body weight 

Children 3-5 

Low percentile for CEC records: 99.9 Exposure (mg/day) = 0.004779 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 45 of 47 

High percentile for CEC records: 100 Exposure (mg/day) = 0.022028 

Number of actual records in this interval: 1773 

Critical foods (without foodforms) for this population (as derived from these records): 

 N=number of appearances in all records (including duplicates) 

 %=percent of total exposure for all records (including duplicates) 

Food N Percent Food Name 

---------- ----- ------- ------------- 

0902135000 1414 59.88% Cucumber 

0901399000 206 9.43% Watermelon 

0801377000 809 5.56% Tomato, puree 

0401355000 61 3.25% Spinach 

0501061000 49 3.06% Broccoli 

0801379000 336 2.55% Tomato, juice 

0801376000 316 2.18% Tomato, paste 

0502229000 17 1.67% Mustard greens 

0502117000 20 1.15% Collards 

0801375000 246 1.06% Tomato 

0401205000 30 0.96% Lettuce, leaf 

0502389000 8 0.74% Turnip, greens 

0501069000 16 0.73% Cabbage 

0401204000 13 0.42% Lettuce, head 

0901075000 33 0.23% Cantaloupe 

0502194000 4 0.21% Kale 

0401150000 15 0.17% Endive 

0402085000 22 0.07% Celery 

0501064000 1 0.03% Brussels sprouts 

0501083000 1 0.02% Cauliflower 

0101078000 4 0.01% Carrot 

0902356000 1 0.01% Squash, summer 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 46 of 47 

Attachment 4. Screening Level Estimates for Bensulide. 

Biological and Economic Analysis Division; J. Alsadek; Updated Screening Level Usage Analysis 

(SLUA) Report for Bensulide, PC Code (009801); 07/10/2015. 
Bensulide Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment DP Number: D428878 

Page 47 of 47 

Attachment 5. EDWC at the LOC Considering Exposure through Drinking Water Only 

A screening tool was used to provide a quick estimate of the contribution of pesticide residues in 

drinking water to the dietary risk of the pesticide. Rough estimates of the estimated drinking 

water concentration (EDWC) at the level of concern (LOC) are provided without considering 

contribution from food and residential exposures. Therefore, even if estimated drinking water 

risks are relatively low, aggregate risk may be of concern. The water consumption values were 

obtained using the dietary exposure and risk model, DEEM-FCID Version 4.02, which uses food 

consumption data from the USDA National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, What We 

Eat in America, conducted from 2005 to 2010; refer to Table A.6.2. In general, the population 

subgroup with higher exposure to residues in drinking water is infants (<1 yr old). The equation 

used to estimate the dietary risk and the results of the screening are presented below. 

The lowest EDWC at the level of concern is 20 ppb. Considering bensulide’s oxon toxicity 

adjustment factor of 50x, the target EDWC at the LOC considering exposure through drinking 

water only is about 0.4 ppb. Is important to note that a distribution of water residues may be 

used for dietary assessment purposes; therefore, the distribution from modeling a scenario that 

results in a peak concentration of 0.4 ppb may result in lower dietary risk than that obtained 

using a point estimate. 

Table A.6.1. Results of the screening of the Dietary Risk Contribution from 

Drinking Water 

Assessment Population aPAD and ssPAD 

(mg/kg/day) 

EDWC at LOC (ppb) 

95th 99.9th

Acute 

General 0.011 206.7669 61.11111 

All Infants 0.011 60.10929 32.35294 

Females 0.011 209.1255 95.65217 

Steady State 

General 0.006 122.1996 34.28571 

All Infants 0.006 32.78689 20.20202 

Females 0.006 123.9669 63.55932 

Equation to estimate the dietary risk: 

Table A.6.2. Water consumption (L / kg-bw*day) for Acute and Steady State 

Population Subgroup Acute Steady State1

95th 99.9th 95th 99.9th

General Population 0.0532 0.180 0.0491 0.175 

All Infants (< 1yr old) 0.183 0.340 0.183 0.297 

Females (13-49 yrs) 0.0526 0.115 0.0484 0.0944 

1

 The water consumption for steady state was obtained using the two-day average consumption from individuals 

participating in the WWEIA survey. 

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൬1000 μg

ሻݕ݉݃/݇݃/݀ܽ ,ܦܣܿܲ ݎ݋ ܦܣܲݏݏ ,ܦܣܽܲሺ mg൰

100ݔ