# Appendix I RACM Documentation

# Appendix Analysis of Potential Stationary Source Measures

### Quick Reference Measure Name Definition RACM Reason CAIR Plus Reductions from EGUs: OTC Model Rule Adopt OTC Multipollutant Model Rule for EGUs. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Dist Generation Rule OTC Model Rule: Distributed Generation Rule Adopt OTC Model Rule to Require Additional Controls on Distributed Generation Sources. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Peaking Unit Rule OTC Model Rule: Peaking Unit Rule Adopt OTC Model Rule to Require Additional Controls on EGU Peaking Units. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 ICI Stds OTC Model Rule: ICI Boiler Standards Adopt OTC Model Rule on Standards for Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 RACT Cement Control Portland Cement Facilities Adopt OTC Model Rule on RACT Update for Portland Cement Facilities. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Glass Facility Mineral Products Industry Controls: Glass and Fiberglass Control Glass and Fiberglass Facility Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 MSW Controls on Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators Adopt OTC Model Rule on RACT Update for MSW Incineration Facilities. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Asphalt Facilities Control Asphalt and Concrete Facilities Require NOx emission limits on asphaltic concrete production facilities. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008

Chem VOC Control VOC Emissions from Chemical Manufacturing Chemical Manufacturing: More stringent standards on the manufacture of polystyrene, formica, polyester resin, wood and

paper, other polymers, pharmaceuticals, paints, varnishes,

soaps, detergents, inks, solvents, fuel additives, acids, fertilizers, and resins. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 EGU RACT Reductions from EGUs Plant RACT/Technology-Based ApproachIdentify and Require Additional Power Plant-Specific Emission Reduction Technologies. No No creditable emission reductions Multi P Legislation State Multipollutant Legislation Adopt State Multipollutant Legislation. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Clear Skies Clear Skies Act Implement Clear Skies Legislation. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Local Cap Trade Local Cap and Trade Program Implement cap and trade program for VOC sources in region. Consider California RECLAIM program. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Episodic Reductions Episodic Mandatory Facility Reductions Require mandatory facility reductions on Air Quality Action Days. Require Curtailment Plan. No No creditable emission reductions Enhanced Enforce Stationary Enhanced Enforcement/Rule Compliance at Existing Stationary Sources Step up enforcement of and compliance with existing rules for emissions control by stationary sources. No No creditable emission reductions Emission Registration Statewide Emission Registration Program Require a mandatory statewide registration program for all NOx and VOC emission sources. No Not economically feasible Credit Retirement Emission Reduction Credit Retirement Program Establish program to retire emission reduction credits for stationary sources. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Low Nox Fuel Oil Low NOx Fuel Oil for Stationary Sources Require oil-burning stationary sources to burn ThermaNOx, a low-NOx No. 2 fuel oil emulsion, during ozone season. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind NOx RACT Upwind NOx Controls: Expand NOx RACT to Upwind Counties Expand NOx RACT Requirements. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind NOx BACT Upwind NOx Controls: Plant-by-Plant BACT Controls Identify and Require Additional Facility-Specific Emission Reduction Technologies. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind VOC RACT Upwind VOC Controls: Expand VOC RACT to Upwind Counties Expand VOC RACT Requirements. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind VOC BACT Upwind VOC Controls: Plant-by-Plant BACT Controls Identify and Require Additional Facility-Specific Emission Reduction Technologies. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Chemical Ind Controls Chemical Industry Controls Reduce upwind NOx emissions limits in the manufacture of chemicals. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Forest Products Forest Product Industry Controls Control Upwind Wood, Paper and Pulp Production Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind Iron and Steel Metallurgical Industry Controls: Iron and Steel Control Upwind Iron and Steel Production Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind Lead Metallurgical Industry Controls: Lead Control Upwind Lead Smelter Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind Aluminum Metallurgical Industry Controls: Aluminum Control Upwind Aluminum Production Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 

## Potential Stationary Source RACM Measures in the Metropolitan Washington RegionUpwind Zinc Metallurgical Industry Controls: Zinc/Copper Control Upwind Zinc/Copper Smelter Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind Lime Mineral Products Industry Controls: Lime Control Upwind Lime Facility Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind Phosphate Mineral Products Industry Controls: Phosphate Control Upwind Phosphate Rock Plant Emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 RACT Refineries Upwind RACT Update: Refineries Update RACTs for Refineries in Upwind Contributing Areas. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Energy Efficiency Energy Efficiency Programs Increase Adoption of Energy Efficient Technology by Government and the Private Sector with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date Efficiency Standards Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency Standards Establish requirements for minimum energy efficiency, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date Green Building Codes Energy Efficiency: Green Building Code Program Establish energy efficiency standards for building codes, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date Renewable Portfolio Renewable Energy: Renewable Portfolio Standards Increase Purchases of Renewable Energy by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date

Solar Photovoltaics Renewable Energy: Solar Photovoltaic Programs Increase Purchases and Installation of Renewable Energy sources by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Consider Incentive Programs. No Will not advance attainment date Wind Energy Renewable Energy: Wind Energy Purchases Increase Purchases of Renewable Energy by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date
Solar Hot Water Renewable Energy: Solar Hot Water Heating Increase Use of Solar Hot Water Heating by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date Heat Pumps Energy Efficiency: Ground Source Heat Pump Initiative Increase Purchases and Installation of Ground Source Heat Pumps in the Public and/or Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date
Performance Contracting Energy Efficiency: Energy Performance Contracting Program Increase Use of Energy Performance Contracts in the Public and/or Private sector to Reduce Energy Consumption, with

Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. No Will not advance attainment date LED Traffic Energy Efficiency Programs: LED Traffic Signal Retrofit Program Increase Use Energy Efficient LED Traffic Signals. No Will not advance attainment date LED Street Energy Efficiency Programs: LED Street Light Retrofit Program Increase Use of Energy Efficient LED Street Lights. No Will not advance attainment date EStar Exit Energy Efficiency: Energy Star Exit Signs Increase market penetration of Energy Efficient Lighting (EXIT Signs). No Will not advance attainment dateQuick Reference: CAIR Plus Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness <$10,000/ton Estimated Reductions 5-10 tpd NOx

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Reductions from EGUs: OTC Model Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Multipollutant Model Rule for EGUs. Reductions from EGUs: OTC Model Rule

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation creating emission limits more stringent than CAIR would be controversial.
· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. This measure cannot deliver benefits by May 2008. · After a rule is adopted, industry will require additional time to install controls.Quick Reference: Dist Generation Rule Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · After a rule is adopted, owners of distributed generation equipment will require additional time to install controls. · Administrative burden may be high due to permitting and registration requirements.

Not RACM. This measure cannot deliver benefits by May 2008. · Possible adverse impacts.

· Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- OTC Model Rule: Distributed Generation Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Model Rule to Require Additional Controls on Distributed Generation Sources. OTC Model Rule: Distributed Generation RuleQuick Reference: Peaking Unit Rule Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · After a rule is adopted, owners will require additional time to install controls. · Controls may not be technologically feasible in all cases due to site specific issues.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. This measure cannot deliver benefits by May 2008. ·There may be potential adverse impacts associated with reliability issues and economic impact on businesses. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. 

# Measure -- OTC Model Rule: Peaking Unit Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Model Rule to Require Additional Controls on EGU Peaking Units. OTC Model Rule: Peaking Unit RuleQuick Reference: ICI Stds Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · After a rule is adopted, owners will require additional time to install controls.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. This measure cannot deliver benefits by May 2008 and may cause adverse financial impacts. · Regulating this source could cause potential adverse impacts. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- OTC Model Rule: ICI Boiler Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Model Rule on Standards for Industrial, Commercial, and Institutional Boilers. OTC Model Rule: ICI Boiler StandardsQuick Reference: MSW Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. This measure cannot deliver benefits by May 2008. · If promulgated, EPA December 2005 proposed rule will lead to reduced emissions from this source category. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Controls on Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Model Rule on RACT Update for MSW Incineration Facilities. Controls on Municipal Solid Waste IncineratorsQuick Reference: RACT Cement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · After a rule is adopted, owners will require additional time to install controls. 

# Measure -- Control Portland Cement Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Model Rule on RACT Update for Portland Cement Facilities. Control Portland Cement Facilities

· Mandatory Measure. All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of First Benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. Potential adverse impacts. · Regulating this source could cause hardship for companies.Quick Reference: Glass Facility Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide emission reductions. There are no major facilities in the region. · Considered as a potential mandatory measure. · Year of First Benefits is unknown. 

# Measure -- Mineral Products Industry Controls: Glass and Fiberglass

RACM Criterion Summary Control Glass and Fiberglass Facility Emissions. Mineral Products Industry Controls: Glass and FiberglassQuick Reference: Asphalt Facilities Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not provide benefits by May 2008. Potential adverse impacts. 

# Measure -- Control Asphalt and Concrete Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Require NOx emission limits on asphaltic concrete production facilities. Control Asphalt and Concrete Facilities

· Mandatory Measure. All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of First Benefits is 2009. · Regulating this source could cause hardship for companies. · After a rule is adopted, owners will require additional time to install controls.Quick Reference: Low Nox Fuel Oil Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Measure. All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2009.

· Each facility will have flexibility in how they meet mandated emissions levels. This could be one strategy selected, but emission reductions would already be captured under the overall sector approach. 

# Measure -- Low NOx Fuel Oil for Stationary Sources

RACM Criterion Summary Require oil-burning stationary sources to burn ThermaNOx, a lowNOx No. 2 fuel oil emulsion, during ozone season. Low NOx Fuel Oil for Stationary Sources



### Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Emissions from EGUs will be regulated under federal and/or state programs.Quick Reference: Upwind NOx RACT Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.
· This measure could target upwind EGU and/or non-EGU point sources.

The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Upwind NOx Controls: Expand NOx RACT to Upwind Counties

RACM Criterion Summary Expand NOx RACT Requirements. Upwind NOx Controls: Expand NOx RACT to Upwind CountiesQuick Reference: Upwind NOx BACT Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Upwind NOx Controls: Plant-by-Plant BACT Controls

RACM Criterion Summary Identify and Require Additional Facility-Specific Emission Reduction Technologies. Upwind NOx Controls: Plant-by-Plant BACT Controls

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.
· This measure could target upwind EGU and/or non-EGU point sources.

The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind VOC RACT Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Upwind VOC Controls: Expand VOC RACT to Upwind Counties

RACM Criterion Summary Expand VOC RACT Requirements. Upwind VOC Controls: Expand VOC RACT to Upwind Counties

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind VOC BACT Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Upwind VOC Controls: Plant-by-Plant BACT Controls

RACM Criterion Summary Identify and Require Additional Facility-Specific Emission Reduction Technologies. Upwind VOC Controls: Plant-by-Plant BACT ControlsQuick Reference: EGU RACT Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, the District, or Virginia, and/or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Reductions from EGUs Plant RACT/Technology-Based Approach

RACM Criterion Summary Identify and Require Additional Power Plant-Specific Emission Reduction Technologies. Reductions from EGUs Plant RACT/Technology-Based Approach

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· There is no certainty that prescribing a specific technology would reduce emissions below emission allowance levels. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Multi P Legislation Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a new law. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. This measure will not deliver benefits by May 2008. · Multipollutant Legislation was adopted in Virginia and Maryland during the 2006 legislative session. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require either state-level legislation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- State Multipollutant Legislation

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt State Multipollutant Legislation. State Multipollutant LegislationQuick Reference: Energy Efficiency Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia and the District. In order to take credit for an energy effiency program, the state must retire NOx Allowances. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency Programs

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Adoption of Energy Efficient Technology by Government and the Private Sector with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Energy Efficiency Programs

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007. However, the full benefits of new standards won't be realized until existing equipment in the marketplace is replaced. · Mandatory energy efficiency programs may not be economically feasible.

Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Reductions not greater than 1 tpd if implemented as a voluntary measure.Quick Reference: Efficiency Standards Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with new requirements. · In order to take credit for an energy effiency program, the state must retire NOx Allowances. · Reductions not greater than 1 tpd if implemented as a voluntary measure.

Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Year of First Benefits is 2008. However, the full benefits of new standards won't be realized until existing equipment in the marketplace is replaced. · Mandatory energy efficiency programs may not be economically feasible. · Mandatory or Voluntary Measure. This measure would require state-level regulation or legislation by Maryland, Virginia and the District to set or modify efficiency standards. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Establish requirements for minimum energy efficiency, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Energy Efficiency: Energy Efficiency StandardsQuick Reference: Green Building Codes Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency: Green Building Code Program

RACM Criterion Summary Establish energy efficiency standards for building codes, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Energy Efficiency: Green Building Code Program

· Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require local jurisdictions to change building codes to improve building efficiency. · In order to take credit for an energy effiency program, states must establish regulations enabling the retirement of NOx Allowances. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. The benefits of this measure will be realized as new commercial and residential buildings are built. The measure would likely not address existing structures.Quick Reference: Renewable Portfolio Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis

# Measure -- Renewable Energy: Renewable Portfolio Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Purchases of Renewable Energy by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Renewable Energy: Renewable Portfolio Standards

Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · In order to take credit for a renewables program, the state must retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has a regulation enabling NOx allowance retirement. ·Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require state governments to establish renewable portfolio standards. Maryland and the District have enacted standards. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. The standards phase in slowly over time.

· Year of First Benefits is 2008. However, the full benefits of requirements won't be realized until the requirements are phased in.Quick Reference: Solar Photovoltaics Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has a regulation enabling NOx allowance retirement. 

# Measure -- Renewable Energy: Solar Photovoltaic Programs

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Purchases and Installation of Renewable Energy sources by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Consider Incentive Programs. Renewable Energy: Solar Photovoltaic Programs

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007. However, the full benefits of requirements won't be realized until a significant number are installed.Quick Reference: Wind Energy Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Renewable Energy: Wind Energy Purchases

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Purchases of Renewable Energy by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Renewable Energy: Wind Energy Purchases

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The cost effectiveness of wind energy purchases is >$10,000/ton. · Year of First Benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Solar Hot Water Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Renewable Energy: Solar Hot Water Heating

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Use of Solar Hot Water Heating by Government and the Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Renewable Energy: Solar Hot Water Heating

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Heat Pumps Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency: Ground Source Heat Pump Initiative

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Purchases and Installation of Ground Source Heat Pumps in the Public and/or Private Sector, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Energy Efficiency: Ground Source Heat Pump Initiative

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: LED Traffic Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency Programs: LED Traffic Signal Retrofit Program

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Use Energy Efficient LED Traffic Signals. Energy Efficiency Programs: LED Traffic Signal Retrofit Program

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: LED Street Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency Programs: LED Street Light Retrofit Program

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Use of Energy Efficient LED Street Lights. Energy Efficiency Programs: LED Street Light Retrofit Program

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. Unclear if the technology will be available before 2008.Quick Reference: EStar Exit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. However, this measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency: Energy Star Exit Signs

RACM Criterion Summary Increase market penetration of Energy Efficient Lighting (EXIT Signs). Energy Efficiency: Energy Star Exit Signs

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Performance Contracting Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Measure will not advance attainment date. · Voluntary Measure. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations to retire NOx Allowances. Currently, only Maryland has necessary regulations in place. 

# Measure -- Energy Efficiency: Energy Performance Contracting Program

RACM Criterion Summary Increase Use of Energy Performance Contracts in the Public and/or Private sector to Reduce Energy Consumption, with Commensurate Retirement of EGU NOx Allowances. Energy Efficiency: Energy Performance Contracting Program

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Enhanced Enforce Stationary Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Stationary sources in the nonattainment area are generally in compliance with all emissions regulations. · It is anticipated that no creditable emissions reductions would result from implementation of this measure. · Year of First Benefits is 2008.

Not RACM. No additional emissions reductions are anticipated to result from adoption of this measure. The measure would not advance the attainment date. 

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement/Rule Compliance at Existing Stationary Sources

RACM Criterion Summary Step up enforcement of and compliance with existing rules for emissions control by stationary sources. Enhanced Enforcement/Rule Compliance at Existing Stationary SourcesQuick Reference: Episodic Reductions Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Episodic Mandatory Facility Reductions

RACM Criterion Summary Require mandatory facility reductions on Air Quality Action Days. Require Curtailment Plan. Episodic Mandatory Facility Reductions

· Mandatory Measure, implemented as an episodic measure. · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of First Benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emissions reductions are anticipated to result from adoption of this measure. ·Potential adverse impacts.Quick Reference: Chemical Ind Controls Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis
More information is needed on the emissions and opportunities for emission reduction from the chemical industry upwind of the region. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Chemical Industry Controls

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce upwind NOx emissions limits in the manufacture of chemicals. Chemical Industry Controls

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Clear Skies Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Measure. EPA and/or the States would need to develop regulations to implement a Congressionally mandated program. 

# Measure -- Clear Skies Act

RACM Criterion Summary Implement Clear Skies Legislation. Clear Skies Act

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. This measure requires Congressional action. Not clear if legislation would be passed prior to May 2008.

Not RACM. Requires federal legislation. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Forest Products Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Forest Product Industry Controls

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Wood, Paper and Pulp Production Emissions. Forest Product Industry Controls

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind Iron and Steel Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis
Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Metallurgical Industry Controls: Iron and Steel

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Iron and Steel Production Emissions. Metallurgical Industry Controls: Iron and Steel

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind Lead Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Metallurgical Industry Controls: Lead

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Lead Smelter Emissions. Metallurgical Industry Controls: Lead

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind Aluminum Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Metallurgical Industry Controls: Aluminum

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Aluminum Production Emissions. Metallurgical Industry Controls: Aluminum

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind Zinc Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Metallurgical Industry Controls: Zinc/Copper

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Zinc/Copper Smelter Emissions. Metallurgical Industry Controls: Zinc/Copper

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind Lime Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Mineral Products Industry Controls: Lime

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Lime Facility Emissions. Mineral Products Industry Controls: Lime

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Upwind Phosphate Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Mineral Products Industry Controls: Phosphate

RACM Criterion Summary Control Upwind Phosphate Rock Plant Emissions. Mineral Products Industry Controls: Phosphate

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Chem VOC Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis ·After a rule is adopted, owners will require additional time to install controls. 

# Measure -- Control VOC Emissions from Chemical Manufacturing

RACM Criterion Summary Chemical Manufacturing: More stringent standards on the manufacture of polystyrene, formica, polyester resin, wood and paper, other polymers, pharmaceuticals, paints, varnishes, soaps, detergents, inks, solvents, fuel additives, acids, fertilizers, and resins. Control VOC Emissions from Chemical Manufacturing

· Mandatory Measure. All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of First Benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. ·Potential adverse impacts.Quick Reference: RACT Refineries Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. Will not provide reductions by 2008. · This measure would require state-level regulation by upwind states. 

# Measure -- Upwind RACT Update: Refineries

RACM Criterion Summary Update RACTs for Refineries in Upwind Contributing Areas. Upwind RACT Update: Refineries

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

· Year of First Benefits is 2009. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.Quick Reference: Emission Registration Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Will not advance attainment date. May not be economically feasible due to administrative costs. · Mandatory Program. States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. 

# Measure -- Statewide Emission Registration Program

RACM Criterion Summary Require a mandatory statewide registration program for all NOx and VOC emission sources. Statewide Emission Registration Program

· Costs to administer a registration program may be prohibitive. · Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time.Quick Reference: Credit Retirement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a new law. · Year of first benefits is unknown at this time. Could be available by May 2008.

Not RACM. Will not advance attainment date. Potential adverse impacts.·Potential adverse impacts. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require either state-level legislation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Emission Reduction Credit Retirement Program

RACM Criterion Summary Establish program to retire emission reduction credits for stationary sources. Emission Reduction Credit Retirement ProgramQuick Reference: Local Cap Trade Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not advance attainment date. May not be economically feasible due to administrative costs. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Mandatory Program. States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. 

# Measure -- Local Cap and Trade Program

RACM Criterion Summary Implement cap and trade program for VOC sources in region. Consider California RECLAIM program. Local Cap and Trade Program

· Costs to administer a small-scale VOC cap and trade program may be prohibitive. · Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time.

# Appendix Analysis of Potential Area Source Measures

# Potential Area Source RACM Measures in the Metropolitan Washington Region Measure Name Definition RACM Reason Expand Coverage of OTC AIMs Rule (Phase II) Expand Number of Products Covered by OTC AIMs Rule. Require Lower VOC Content of Products Already Covered. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand Coverage of OTC Consumer Products Rule (Phase II) Expand Number of Products Covered by OTC Consumer Product Rule. Require Lower VOC Content of Products Already Covered. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 RACT Update: Control Industrial Incineration Implement programs to reduce emissions from industrial incineration. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Home Heating Oil Standards Adopt OTC model rule on standards for home heating oils. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Low-Emission Asphalt Adopt SCAQMD Rules 1108: Cutback Asphalt (less than 0.5% VOC evaporating at 260F) and 1108.1: Emulsified Asphalt (less than 3% VOC evaporating at 260F). No De minimis Control Landfills and Wastewater Facilities Reduce the NOx and VOC emission limits for flares. No De minimis Expand Seasonal Open Burning Restrictions Expand prohibitions on seasonal open burning. No No creditable reductions Control Restaurant Sources Implement programs to reduce emissions from restaurants, including charbroil operations and deep fat fryers. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Bakeries Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1153: Commercial Bakery Ovens. Reduce exemption level and set standards for unregulated bakeries. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Drycleaning Facilities Ban transfer systems in Petroleum Dry Cleaning. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 "Cash for Clunkers" Gasoline Containers Replacement ProgramAccelerate the Replacement of Older Gasoline Cans with CARB Compliant Containers. Offer incentives for consumers to turn in old gas cans and obtain new ones. No No creditable emission reduction Control Agricultural Sources Encourage agricultural best practices, including those that reduce pesticide use. No No creditable emission reduction Control Fermentation Sources (wineries/breweries) Reduce evaporative VOC emissions from the fermentation process at wineries and/or breweries. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Wastewater Treatment Facilities Require capture and control of VOC emissions from facilities treating industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1176: Sumps and Wastewater Separators. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control VOC Emissions from Fuel Facilities Reduce the VOC emission limits for bulk plants/terminal, including storage tanks. Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1178: Further Reductions of VOC Emissions from Storage Tanks at Petroleum Facilities. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control VOC Emissions from Construction and Maintenance Reduce VOC emissions from roofing kettles. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control VOC Content of Adhesives and Sealants Adopt OTC Model Rule. Reduce VOC limits for adhesives and sealants. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Low-Emission Natural Gas Furnaces Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1111: NOx Emissions from Natural Gas Fired, Fan-Type Central Furnaces (no more than 40 nanograms of NOx per joule of useful heat). No De minimis Low-Emission Natural Gas Water Heaters Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1121: Control of NOx from Residential Type Natural Gas Fired Water Heaters. No De minimis Control Residential Wood Burning Implement voluntary program to reduce emissions from woodburning fireplaces and wood stoves. No No creditable emission reduction Green Procurement Policy Establish procurement policies that foster emission reduction (paints, solvents, coatings, asphalt, roofs, building materials, AFVs, EE office equipment, ULSD). No No creditable emission reduction Mitigation Fees: Preempted Sources Charge emission mitigation fee to federally preempted sources. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008

### Control Growth and Development: Land Use Restrictions Implement land use restrictions to control residential, commercial, and industrial development in the nonattainment area. No No creditable reductions Control Growth and Development: Mitigate New Development Mitigate emissions from new development. No No creditable reductions Urban Heat Island Mitigation Develop programs to mitigate urban heat islands, including tree & vegetation expansion, green roofs, and cool pavements. No No creditable emission reduction Enhanced Enforcement of Area Source Regs: Open Burning Enhance enforcement of seasonal open burning restrictions. No No creditable emission reductions Enhanced Enforcement of Area Source Regs: Solvent Cleaning Enhance enforcement of surface cleaning rules. No No creditable emission reductions Enhanced Enforcement: Environmental Partnerships/Pollution Prevention Initiatives Voluntary compliance audits, encourage low emitting technology (swap out solvent machines) No No creditable emission reductions Episodic Area Source Measures Measures could include a variety of programs including Air Quality Action Days, no fuels policy, no mow policy, public outreach and education, best practices, etc. No No creditable emission reduction Expand OTC AIMs Rule Expand OTC AIMs Rule to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand OTC Consumer Products Rule Expand OTC Consumer Product Rule to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand OTC Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing Rule Expand OTC Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing Rule to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand OTC Portable Fuel Containers Rule Expand OTC Portable Fuel Containers Rule to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand OTC Solvent Cleaning Rule Expand OTC Solvent Cleaning Rule to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Upwind Fuels Controls Expand Use of Reformulated Gasoline to Upwind Counties. Consider OTC Regional Fuels Initiative. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand Stage I Vapor Recovery Expand Requirements for Stage I Vapor Recovery to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand Stage II Vapor Recovery Expand requirements for Stage II Vapor Recovery to Upwind Counties. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Upwind Port Emissions Pursue approaches to reduce land-based port emissions. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008Quick Reference: CP Phase II Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · After a rule is adopted, manufacturers will require additional time to produce and distribute new compliant products.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of First Benefits is 2009. However, the full benefits of new standards won't be realized until existing product inventories are sold and new products enter the market. · Potential products: aerosols, inks, lubricants, etc. Feasibility and impacts vary by product. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. Additional regulations on this source may require complex negotiations with industry stakeholders. 

# Measure -- Expand Coverage of OTC Consumer Products Rule (Phase II)

RACM Criterion Summary Expand Number of Products Covered by OTC Consumer Product Rule. Require Lower VOC Content of Products Already Covered. Expand Coverage of OTC Consumer Products Rule (Phase II)Quick Reference: AIMs Phase II Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. Additional regulations on this source may require complex negotiations with industry stakeholders. 

# Measure -- Expand Coverage of OTC AIMs Rule (Phase II)

RACM Criterion Summary Expand Number of Products Covered by OTC AIMs Rule. Require Lower VOC Content of Products Already Covered. Expand Coverage of OTC AIMs Rule (Phase II)

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · After a rule is adopted, manufacturers will require additional time to produce and distribute new compliant products.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of First Benefits is 2009. However, the full benefits of new standards won't be realized until existing product inventories are sold and new products enter the market. · Potential products: marine coatings, industrial maintenance coatings, wood coatings, etc. Feasibility and impacts vary by product.Quick Reference: Adhesives Sealants Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting adhesives and sealants. 

# Measure -- Control VOC Content of Adhesives and Sealants

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC Model Rule. Reduce VOC limits for adhesives and sealants. Control VOC Content of Adhesives and SealantsQuick Reference: Heating Oil Stds Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. ·Emission reduction potential during the ozone season may need further evaluation. May be candidate as a PM measure.
· Year of First Benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Potential Adverse impacts. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. Regulating regional fuel markets may pose difficult challenges. 

# Measure -- Home Heating Oil Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt OTC model rule on standards for home heating oils. Home Heating Oil StandardsQuick Reference: RACT Incineration Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · This measure needs to be considered in light of potential new measures on larger incineration sources included in the stationary source inventory.
· Year of First Benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · The technological and economic feasibility of controlling smaller incineration sources and the potential for adverse impacts is not known at this time. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- RACT Update: Control Industrial Incineration

RACM Criterion Summary Implement programs to reduce emissions from industrial incineration. RACT Update: Control Industrial IncinerationQuick Reference: Mitigation Fees Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · State and local governments are preempted from regulating certain sources, including locomotives, heavy duty diesel construction equipment, and aircraft. · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. '· It is not clear what authority states would have to implement a fee program. 

# Measure -- Mitigation Fees: Preempted Sources

RACM Criterion Summary Charge emission mitigation fee to federally preempted sources. Mitigation Fees: Preempted Sources

· Year of First Benefits is unknown at this time.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Gas Can Replacement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" Gasoline Containers Replacement Program

RACM Criterion Summary Accelerate the Replacement of Older Gasoline Cans with CARB Compliant Containers. Offer incentives for consumers to turn in old gas cans and obtain new ones. "Cash for Clunkers" Gasoline Containers Replacement Program

· Voluntary Program. · Gas can replacements would speed the transition to newer lower emitting containers. · Emission reductions from new gasoline containers may already be credited under the OTC model rule for portable fuel containers. · Year of first benefits is 2006, 2007, or 2008.Quick Reference: Asphalt Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: De minimis Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Low-Emission Asphalt

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt SCAQMD Rules 1108: Cutback Asphalt (less than 0.5% VOC evaporating at 260F) and 1108.1: Emulsified Asphalt (less than 3% VOC evaporating at 260F). Low-Emission Asphalt

· Asphalt emissions in the region are only [0.025] tpd, which is below thede minimis threshold of 0.1 tpd

Emissions from asphalt paving do not exceed thede minimisthreshold. Therefore this measure is not a RACM. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The region already regulates asphalt application. Emissions from this source are very low.
· Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Flaring Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: De minimis Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Landfills and Wastewater Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce the NOx and VOC emission limits for flares. Control Landfills and Wastewater Facilities

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The technological and econmomic feasibility is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Potential emission reductions arede minimis. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Open Burning Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable reductions Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · There would be no ozone-season reductions associated with this measure. The measure would expand existing ozone-season regulations year-round.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Expand Seasonal Open Burning Restrictions

RACM Criterion Summary Expand prohibitions on seasonal open burning. Expand Seasonal Open Burning RestrictionsQuick Reference: Bakeries Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Not economically feasible. Potential emission reductions arede minimis. Potential adverse impacts. 

# Measure -- Control Bakeries

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1153: Commercial Bakery Ovens. Reduce exemption level and set standards for unregulated bakeries. Control Bakeries

· This measure would affect not only large bakeries categorized as stationary sources, but also many smaller bakeries classified as area sources. As such, this measure has the potential to financially impact small businesses. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting bakeries. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Restaurants Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Not economically feasible. Potential emission reductions arede minimis. Potential adverse impacts. 

# Measure -- Control Restaurant Sources

RACM Criterion Summary Implement programs to reduce emissions from restaurants, including charbroil operations and deep fat fryers. Control Restaurant Sources

· Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting restaurants. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · This measure has the potential to financially impact small businesses.Quick Reference: Drycleaning Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure has the potential to financially impact small businesses.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Potential adverse impacts. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting drycleaning operations. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009. 

# Measure -- Control Drycleaning Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Ban transfer systems in Petroleum Dry Cleaning. Control Drycleaning FacilitiesQuick Reference: Ag Best Practices Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Voluntary Program. This measure would require new innovative programs to reduce emissions from the agricultural sector. 

# Measure -- Control Agricultural Sources

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage agricultural best practices, including those that reduce pesticide use. Control Agricultural Sources

· This measure may be more applicable in rural counties outside the nonattainment area.
· Year of first benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Wineries Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure has the potential to financially impact small businesses.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting wineries. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009. 

# Measure -- Control Fermentation Sources (wineries/breweries)

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce evaporative VOC emissions from the fermentation process at wineries and/or breweries. Control Fermentation Sources (wineries/breweries)Quick Reference: Wastewater Treatment Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Control Wastewater Treatment Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Require capture and control of VOC emissions from facilities treating industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1176: Sumps and Wastewater Separators. Control Wastewater Treatment Facilities

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting wastewater treatment facilities. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Fuel Facilities Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Control VOC Emissions from Fuel Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce the VOC emission limits for bulk plants/terminal, including storage tanks. Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1178: Further Reductions of VOC Emissions from Storage Tanks at Petroleum Facilities. Control VOC Emissions from Fuel Facilities

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations on fuel distribution facilities. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Construction Maintenance Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible No Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state governments to develop regulations affecting roofing kettles. 

# Measure -- Control VOC Emissions from Construction and Maintenance

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce VOC emissions from roofing kettles. Control VOC Emissions from Construction and Maintenance

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Potential adverse impacts. Not economically feasible.Quick Reference: Nat Gas Furnace Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: De minimis Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Low-Emission Natural Gas Furnaces

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1111: NOx Emissions from Natural Gas Fired, Fan-Type Central Furnaces (no more than 40 nanograms of NOx per joule of useful heat). Low-Emission Natural Gas Furnaces

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation creating more stringent emission limits would be controversial.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Potential adverse impacts. Potential emission reductions arede minimis. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Nat Gas Water Heaters Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: De minimis Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation creating more stringent emission limits would be controversial.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by 2008. Potential adverse impacts. Potential emission reductions arede minimis. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Low-Emission Natural Gas Water Heaters

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt SCAQMD Rule 1121: Control of NOx from Residential Type Natural Gas Fired Water Heaters. Low-Emission Natural Gas Water HeatersQuick Reference: Res Wood Burning Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Program. This measure would involve swapping out old stoves with new low-emitting technology. 

# Measure -- Control Residential Wood Burning

RACM Criterion Summary Implement voluntary program to reduce emissions from woodburning fireplaces and wood stoves. Control Residential Wood Burning

· Ozone season emission reductions may be minimal. Candidate as a PM measure. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Restrict Land Use Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable reductions Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Voluntary Program. This measure would require jurisdictions in the region to implement land use controls that reduce emissions. 

# Measure -- Control Growth and Development: Land Use Restrictions

RACM Criterion Summary Implement land use restrictions to control residential, commercial, and industrial development in the nonattainment area. Control Growth and Development: Land Use Restrictions

· Aspects of this measure may be considered Transportation Emission Reduction Measures.
· Year of first benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Development Mitigation Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable reductions Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Voluntary Program. This measure would require jurisdictions in the region to implement a program that requires developers to mitigate emissions from new development. 

# Measure -- Control Growth and Development: Mitigate New Development

RACM Criterion Summary Mitigate emissions from new development. Control Growth and Development: Mitigate New Development

· Aspects of this measure may be considered Transportation Emission Reduction Measures. · Consider implementing a public benefits fee on new construction permits to fund emission reduction projects. · Year of first benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Urban Heat Island Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Urban Heat Island Mitigation

RACM Criterion Summary Develop programs to mitigate urban heat islands, including tree & vegetation expansion, green roofs, and cool pavements. Urban Heat Island Mitigation

· Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.Quick Reference: Episodic Measures Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle.

Episodic measures have been adopted and are being implemented in the Washington region. 

# Measure -- Episodic Area Source Measures

RACM Criterion Summary Measures could include a variety of programs including Air Quality Action Days, no fuels policy, no mow policy, public outreach and education, best practices, etc. Episodic Area Source MeasuresQuick Reference: Procurement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Green Procurement Policy

RACM Criterion Summary Establish procurement policies that foster emission reduction (paints, solvents, coatings, asphalt, roofs, building materials, AFVs, EE office equipment, ULSD). Green Procurement PolicyQuick Reference: Enforce Open Burning Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement of Area Source Regs: Open Burning

RACM Criterion Summary Enhance enforcement of seasonal open burning restrictions. Enhanced Enforcement of Area Source Regs: Open Burning

Because no additional emissions reductions are anticipated to result from adoption of this measure, the measure would not advance attainment and is not RACM.Quick Reference: Enforce Solvent Cleaning Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Because no additional emissions reductions are anticipated to result from adoption of this measure, the measure would not advance attainment and is not RACM.

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement of Area Source Regs: Solvent Cleaning

RACM Criterion Summary Enhance enforcement of surface cleaning rules. Enhanced Enforcement of Area Source Regs: Solvent CleaningQuick Reference: Compliance Audits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement: Environmental Partnerships/Pollution Prevention Initiatives

RACM Criterion Summary Voluntary compliance audits, encourage low emitting technology (swap out solvent machines) Enhanced Enforcement: Environmental Partnerships/Pollution Prevention Initiatives

Because no additional emissions reductions are anticipated to result from adoption of this measure, the measure would not advance attainment and is not RACM.Quick Reference: Upwind AIMs Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. ·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand OTC AIMs Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Expand OTC AIMs Rule to Upwind Counties. Expand OTC AIMs RuleQuick Reference: Upwind Consumer Products Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand OTC Consumer Products Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Expand OTC Consumer Product Rule to Upwind Counties. Expand OTC Consumer Products Rule

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. ·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.Quick Reference: Upwind MERR Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. ·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand OTC Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Expand OTC Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing Rule to Upwind Counties. Expand OTC Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing RuleQuick Reference: Upwind Solvent Cleaning Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand OTC Solvent Cleaning Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Expand OTC Solvent Cleaning Rule to Upwind Counties. Expand OTC Solvent Cleaning Rule

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. ·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.Quick Reference: Upwind PFC Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. ·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand OTC Portable Fuel Containers Rule

RACM Criterion Summary Expand OTC Portable Fuel Containers Rule to Upwind Counties. Expand OTC Portable Fuel Containers RuleQuick Reference: Upwind Stage I Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Virginia law expressly prohibits expansion of Stage I to areas that are in attainment. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand Stage I Vapor Recovery

RACM Criterion Summary Expand Requirements for Stage I Vapor Recovery to Upwind Counties. Expand Stage I Vapor RecoveryQuick Reference: Upwind Stage II Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand Stage II Vapor Recovery

RACM Criterion Summary Expand requirements for Stage II Vapor Recovery to Upwind Counties. Expand Stage II Vapor Recovery

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Virginia law expressly prohibits expansion of Stage II to areas that are in attainment.Quick Reference: Upwind Fuels Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia, or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Upwind Fuels Controls

RACM Criterion Summary Expand Use of Reformulated Gasoline to Upwind Counties. Consider OTC Regional Fuels Initiative. Upwind Fuels Controls

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Regulating regional fuel markets may pose difficult and unique challenges.Quick Reference: Upwind Ports Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions ·Year of first benefits is unknown at this time.

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Control Upwind Port Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Pursue approaches to reduce land-based port emissions. Control Upwind Port Emissions

· Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by upwind states.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory. ·A significant portion of port emissions are federally preempted from state and local control.

# Appendix Analysis of Potential Non-Road Source Measures

### Quick Reference Measure Name Definition RACM Reason

Construction Initiative 1 Clean Air Maintenance Initiative: Road Maintenance ContractsDevelop alternative programs for state and local governments (public entities) to reduce on-road and off-road construction and

maintenance related emissions. Episodic: no work or idling restrictions. Non-episodic: Control retrofits. No No creditable emission reduction

Construction Initiative 2 Clean Air Construction Initiative: Road Construction Projects Develop alternative programs for state and local governments (public entities) to reduce on-road and off-road construction and

maintenance related emissions. Episodic: no work or idling restrictions. Non-episodic: Control retrofits. No No creditable emission reduction

Construction Initiative 3 Clean Air Construction Initiative: Off-Road Construction ProjectsDevelop alternative programs for state and local governments (public entities) to reduce on-road and off-road construction and

maintenance related emissions. Episodic: no work or idling restrictions. Non-episodic: Control retrofits. No No creditable emission reduction
Construction Initiative 4 Clean Air Construction Initiative: Preference for Low-emissions Industrial Equipment In bids for government contracts, award extra points to bidders using low-emission industrial equipment. No No creditable emission reduction Vol Nonroad Retrofits Non-Road Diesel Engine Retrofit Program: Voluntary Develop voluntary program encouraging retrofit of non-road diesel equipment in public and/or private fleets. No No creditable emission reduction Mand Nonroad Retrofits Non-Road Diesel Engine Retrofit Program: Mandatory Develop mandatory program requiring retrofit of non-road diesel equipment in public and/or private fleets. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Smoke Test Control Off-Road Diesel Engines (smoke test) Implement mandatory smoke testing program for heavy-duty (>50 hp) off-road diesel engines. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Locomotive Repower Retrofit/Repower Locomotives Provide financial incentives to retrofit or repower locomotives operating in the nonattainment area for cleaner burning diesel or alternative fuels. No No creditable emission reduction Locomotive Idling Locomotive Idling Reduction Support Installation of Idling Reduction Technologies on Locomotives. No No creditable emission reduction Airport Cap Airport Emission Cap Establish Agreement with Airports Authority to Cap or Reduce Emissions. No No creditable emission reduction Upwind Airports Airport Emissions Cap in Upwind Counties Voluntary Agreement to Cap Airport Emissions Outside the Nonattainment Area. No No creditable emission reduction Locomotive Eng Stds Locomotive Engine Standards Encourage new federal locomotive engine emission standards (EPA 2012) No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Marine Eng Stds Marine Diesel Engine Standards Encourage new federal marine engine emission standards (EPA 2012). No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Cetane High Cetane Fuel Require High Cetane Diesel Fuel for Off-road Vehicles. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Offroad Biodiesel Biodiesel for Off-Road Equipment Increase use of biodiesel in off-road diesel equipment during ozone season. No No creditable emission reduction Episodic Nonroad Episodic Nonroad Measures Implement a variety of episodic measures targeting sources in the non-road sector, including lawn and garden equipment, commercial and industrial equipment, recreational equipment, marine, etc. No No creditable emission reduction Blue Sky Program Control Off-Road Diesel Engines (Blue Sky) Encourage the use of engines that are included in EPA’s voluntary “Blue Sky Series” engine program. No No creditable emission reductions SI Engines Retrofit Control Spark Ignition Engines Retrofit controls and 3-way catalyst for spark ignition engines. No No creditable emission reductions 2-Cycle Replacement "Cash for Clunkers" 2-cycle Engines Implement a 2-cycle Engine Replacement Program. No No creditable emission reductions Lawn Equip Replacement "Cash for Clunkers" Lawn & Garden Equipment Offer cash for consumers to turn in lawnmowers or lawn tractors and purchase electric or push mowers. No No creditable emission reductions Outboard Replacement "Cash for Clunkers" Outboard Motors Offer cash for consumers to turn in old outboard motors and purchase new ones. No No creditable emission reductions Rec Equip Replace "Cash for Clunkers" Recreational Equipment Program Offer small cash reward for owners to turn in old, high-emission recreational equipment. No No creditable emission reductions Lawn Equip Idling Idling Restrictions for Lawn & Garden Equipment Limit idling by commercial lawn & garden equipment. No Not enforceable

Xeriscaping Control Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment (xeriscaping) Adopt measures to reduce lawn area and mower usage. Xeriscaping. No No creditable emission reductions Ag Retrofits Agricultural Equipment Retrofits Require agricultural equipment to be retrofitted with emissions controls. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Ag Restrictions Agricultural Equipment Use Restrictions Ban use of agricultural equipment on Air Quality Action Days. No Not feasible Low Emission Ag Low-emissions Agricultural Equipment Require sale of low-emissions agricultural equipment in region. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Ind Equip Replacement Industrial Equipment Replacement Subsidize replacement of fossil-fuel fired industrial equipment with electric industrial equipment. No No creditable emission reductions Ind Equip Retrofit Industrial Equipment Retrofits Require industrial equipment to be retrofitted with emissions controls. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Low Emission Ind Low-emissions Commercial and Industrial Equipment Require sale of low-emissions commercial and industrial equipment in region. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 

## Potential Non-Road Source RACM Measures in the Metropolitan Washington Region

Nonroad RACM 5/17/2007 L-2Ind Equip Idling Idling Restrictions for Commercial and Industrial Equipment Limit idling by commercial and industrial equipment. No Not economically feasible Construction Fleet Rules Control Construction Emissions Limitations and Fleet Rules for Construction Equipment. No Not economically feasible Generator Retrofits Control Light Commercial Equipment Retrofit portable engines and generators. No Not economically feasible Rec Equip Retrofits Recreational Equipment Retrofits Require recreational equipment to be retrofitted with particulate fitlers and/or oxidation catalysts. No Not economically feasible Marine Idling Recreational Marine Idling Restrictions Restrict idling of marine equipment, either through voluntary or mandatory approaches. No No creditable emission reductions Marine Incentives Control Recreational Marine Emissions Provide incentives for newer boats and engines. No No creditable emission reductions Rec Equip Fee Control Recreational Equipment Emissions Increase registration fee on recreational vehicles (dedicate fee to clean air fund). No Not economically feasible Tug Boats Control Commercial Marine Sources Tug/Push Boat Activity Reductions. No Potential adverse impacts Port Fees Control Upwind Port Emissions Emission Fee Program for Port-Related Mobile Sources No No creditable emission reductions Graduated Fees Graduated registration fees for recreational boats Levee additional registration fee for registration of boats with old, high-emission engines. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Low Nox Fuel Additives Low Nox Fuel Additives Require the use of low-NOx fuel additives in nonroad equipment. No No creditable emission reduction Air Congest Pricing Airport Congestion Pricing Charge higher aircraft landing fees during busy times of day to reduce airport delays and congestion. No Not economically feasible Nonroad Gas Tax Gas Tax Increase Implement a fuel tax on off-road gasoline. No Not economically feasible Nonroad Diesel Tax Diesel Tax Increase Implement a fuel tax on off-road diesel. No Not economically feasible



### Nonroad RACM 5/17/2007 L-3Quick Reference: Construction Initiative 1 Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · Potential adverse impacts. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Clean Air Maintenance Initiative: Road Maintenance Contracts

RACM Criterion Summary Develop alternative programs for state and local governments (public entities) to reduce on-road and off-road construction and maintenance related emissions. Episodic: no work or idling restrictions. Non-episodic: Control retrofits. Clean Air Maintenance Initiative: Road Maintenance ContractsQuick Reference: Construction Initiative 2 Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Clean Air Construction Initiative: Road Construction Projects

RACM Criterion Summary Develop alternative programs for state and local governments (public entities) to reduce on-road and off-road construction and maintenance related emissions. Episodic: no work or idling restrictions. Non-episodic: Control retrofits. Clean Air Construction Initiative: Road Construction Projects

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · Potential adverse impacts.Quick Reference: Construction Initiative 3 Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · Potential adverse impacts. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Clean Air Construction Initiative: Off-Road Construction Projects

RACM Criterion Summary Develop alternative programs for state and local governments (public entities) to reduce on-road and off-road construction and maintenance related emissions. Episodic: no work or idling restrictions. Non-episodic: Control retrofits. Clean Air Construction Initiative: Off-Road Construction ProjectsQuick Reference: Construction Initiative 4 Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Clean Air Construction Initiative: Preference for Low-emissions Industrial Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary In bids for government contracts, award extra points to bidders using low-emission industrial equipment.Clean Air Construction Initiative: Preference for Lowemissions Industrial Equipment

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · Potential adverse impacts.Quick Reference: Vol Nonroad Retrofits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · It may not be technologically feasible to retrofit all types of non-road equipment. · This measure could also be considered as a TERM in the transportation plan, depending on guidance. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Non-Road Diesel Engine Retrofit Program: Voluntary

RACM Criterion Summary Develop voluntary program encouraging retrofit of non-road diesel equipment in public and/or private fleets. Non-Road Diesel Engine Retrofit Program: VoluntaryQuick Reference: Mand Nonroad Retrofits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Non-Road Diesel Engine Retrofit Program: Mandatory

RACM Criterion Summary Develop mandatory program requiring retrofit of non-road diesel equipment in public and/or private fleets. Non-Road Diesel Engine Retrofit Program: Mandatory

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Potential adverse impacts. Any regulation mandating nonroad equipment retrofits would be controversial.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Smoke Test Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Potential adverse impacts. High administrative costs.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Off-Road Diesel Engines (smoke test)

RACM Criterion Summary Implement mandatory smoke testing program for heavy-duty (>50 hp) off-road diesel engines. Control Off-Road Diesel Engines (smoke test)Quick Reference: Locomotive Repower Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Retrofit/Repower Locomotives

RACM Criterion Summary Provide financial incentives to retrofit or repower locomotives operating in the nonattainment area for cleaner burning diesel or alternative fuels. Retrofit/Repower Locomotives

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.Quick Reference: Locomotive Idling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Locomotive Idling Reduction

RACM Criterion Summary Support Installation of Idling Reduction Technologies on Locomotives. Locomotive Idling ReductionQuick Reference: Airport Cap Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Airport Emission Cap

RACM Criterion Summary Establish Agreement with Airports Authority to Cap or Reduce Emissions. Airport Emission Cap

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · Consider electric GSE, GSE retrofits, GSE idling controls, gate electrification.
· This measure could also involve the airports authority entering into agreements with airlines to cap or reduce emissions.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · This measure would require the airports authority to cap emissions from airport sources not subject to federal preemption.Quick Reference: Upwind Airports Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

· This measure could also involve the airports authority entering into agreements with airlines to cap or reduce emissions.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · This measure would require the airports authority to cap emissions from airport sources not subject to federal preemption. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Airport Emissions Cap in Upwind Counties

RACM Criterion Summary Voluntary Agreement to Cap Airport Emissions Outside the Nonattainment Area. Airport Emissions Cap in Upwind CountiesQuick Reference: Locomotive Eng Stds Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require federal action. States are preempted from regulating this source. 

# Measure -- Locomotive Engine Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage new federal locomotive engine emission standards (EPA 2012) Locomotive Engine Standards

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2012.Quick Reference: Marine Eng Stds Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2012. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require federal action. States are preempted from regulating this source. 

# Measure -- Marine Diesel Engine Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage new federal marine engine emission standards (EPA 2012). Marine Diesel Engine StandardsQuick Reference: Cetane Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- High Cetane Fuel

RACM Criterion Summary Require High Cetane Diesel Fuel for Off-road Vehicles. High Cetane FuelQuick Reference: Offroad Biodiesel Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Biodiesel for Off-Road Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Increase use of biodiesel in off-road diesel equipment during ozone season. Biodiesel for Off-Road Equipment

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Episodic Nonroad Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Episodic Nonroad Measures

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a variety of episodic measures targeting sources in the non-road sector, including lawn and garden equipment, commercial and industrial equipment, recreational equipment, marine, etc. Episodic Nonroad Measures

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. May be included in voluntary bundle. This measure is unenforceable from a practical standpoint. · This is an episodic measure that would be effective only on Air Quality Ozone Action Days. · This measure cannot be enforced.Quick Reference: Blue Sky Program Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Control Off-Road Diesel Engines (Blue Sky)

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage the use of engines that are included in EPA’s voluntary “Blue Sky Series” engine program. Control Off-Road Diesel Engines (Blue Sky)

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: SI Engines Retrofit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009. · It may not be technologically feasible to retrofit all types of spark ignition equipment.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Control Spark Ignition Engines

RACM Criterion Summary Retrofit controls and 3-way catalyst for spark ignition engines. Control Spark Ignition EnginesQuick Reference: 2-Cycle Replacement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" 2-cycle Engines

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a 2-cycle Engine Replacement Program. "Cash for Clunkers" 2-cycle Engines

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Lawn Equip Replacement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" Lawn & Garden Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Offer cash for consumers to turn in lawnmowers or lawn tractors and purchase electric or push mowers. "Cash for Clunkers" Lawn & Garden EquipmentQuick Reference: Outboard Replacement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" Outboard Motors

RACM Criterion Summary Offer cash for consumers to turn in old outboard motors and purchase new ones. "Cash for Clunkers" Outboard Motors

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Rec Equip Replace Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" Recreational Equipment Program

RACM Criterion Summary Offer small cash reward for owners to turn in old, high-emission recreational equipment. "Cash for Clunkers" Recreational Equipment ProgramQuick Reference: Lawn Equip Idling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not enforceable Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Idling Restrictions for Lawn & Garden Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Limit idling by commercial lawn & garden equipment. Idling Restrictions for Lawn & Garden Equipment

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The administrative cost of enforcement is prohibitive. Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Xeriscaping Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Control Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment (xeriscaping)

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt measures to reduce lawn area and mower usage. Xeriscaping. Control Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment (xeriscaping)Quick Reference: Ag retrofits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Agricultural Equipment Retrofits

RACM Criterion Summary Require agricultural equipment to be retrofitted with emissions controls. Agricultural Equipment Retrofits

· Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Because there are no regional standards for low-emissions agricultural equipment, rule development would be extensive and time consuming. The compliance period would also have to be extensive to permit manufacturers to develop new products or select retrofits.Quick Reference: Ag Restrictions 1 Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential adverse impacts, especially in the case of multi-day exceedance episodes

Enforcement of this measure would be prohibitively difficult, as there is no registry of affected equipment operators nor is there an effective method for ensuring they comply with the rule. Therefore the measure is not a RACM. · Consider a mandatory or voluntary approach. A voluntary approach would be unenforceable. There are no creditable emission reductions. 

# Measure -- Agricultural Equipment Use Restrictions

RACM Criterion Summary Ban use of agricultural equipment on Air Quality Action Days. Agricultural Equipment Use Restrictions

· No registry of farmers or operators of agricultural equipment exists, such that they could be provided with Ozone Action Day notices in a timely manner. Affected operators may not use email and may be unwilling to check call in numbers daily. · Enforcement of this measure would be difficult and costly due to the wide geographical area to be patrolled. A daily visit by an inspector would not ensure that equipment was not being operated before or after the visit. · Because states do not have the personnel to enforce this rule, they would need to rely on local enforcement or hire additional staff.Quick Reference: Low Emission Ag Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Low-emissions Agricultural Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Require sale of low-emissions agricultural equipment in region. Low-emissions Agricultural Equipment

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Because there are no regional standards for low-emissions agricultural equipment, rule development would be extensive and time consuming. The compliance period would also have to be extensive to permit manufacturers to develop new products or select retrofits.Quick Reference: Ind Equip Replacement Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Industrial Equipment Replacement

RACM Criterion Summary Subsidize replacement of fossil-fuel fired industrial equipment with electric industrial equipment. Industrial Equipment Replacement

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.Quick Reference: Ind Equip Retrofit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Rule development would be extensive and time consuming. The compliance period would also have to permit manufacturers to develop new products or select retrofits. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Industrial Equipment Retrofits

RACM Criterion Summary Require industrial equipment to be retrofitted with emissions controls. Industrial Equipment RetrofitsQuick Reference: Low Emission Ind Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Rule development would be extensive and time consuming. The compliance period would also have to permit manufacturers to develop new products or select retrofits. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Low-emissions Commercial and Industrial Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Require sale of low-emissions commercial and industrial equipment in region. Low-emissions Commercial and Industrial EquipmentQuick Reference: Ind Equip Idling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Idling Restrictions for Commercial and Industrial Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Limit idling by commercial and industrial equipment. Idling Restrictions for Commercial and Industrial Equipment

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The administrative cost of enforcement is prohibitive. Potential adverse impacts. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Rec Equip Retrofits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Recreational Equipment Retrofits

RACM Criterion Summary Require recreational equipment to be retrofitted with particulate fitlers and/or oxidation catalysts. Recreational Equipment Retrofits

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Not economically feasible. · Costs to administer program prohibitive. · Rule development would be extensive and time consuming. The compliance period would also have to permit time for installing retrofits.Quick Reference: Generator Retrofits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is not known at this time.

Not RACM. Not economically feasible. · Costs to administer program prohibitive. · Rule development would be extensive and time consuming. The compliance period would also have to permit time for installing retrofits. · Mandatory Program. This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Light Commercial Equipment

RACM Criterion Summary Retrofit portable engines and generators. Control Light Commercial EquipmentQuick Reference: Construction Fleet Rules Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation on private construction equipment fleets would be controversial.

Not RACM. Potential adverse impacts. Not economically feasible. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Construction Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Limitations and Fleet Rules for Construction Equipment. Control Construction Emissions



### Page 37Quick Reference: Marine Idling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis This measure could be adopted as either a voluntary or mandatory measure, either year-round, during the ozone season, or on Air Quality Action Days. 

# Measure -- Recreational Marine Idling Restrictions

RACM Criterion Summary Restrict idling of marine equipment, either through voluntary or mandatory approaches. Recreational Marine Idling Restrictions

·If a mandatory measure, all three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

NOT RACM. Mandatory program cannot achieve reductions by May 2008. Administrative cost of program prohibitive. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Low Nox Fuel Additives Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · If a mandatory measure, all three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

NOT RACM. Mandatory program cannot achieve reductions by May 2008. Administrative cost of program prohibitive. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · This measure could be adopted as either a voluntary or mandatory measure, for a variety of different equipment types. 

# Measure -- Low Nox Fuel Additives

RACM Criterion Summary Require the use of low-NOx fuel additives in nonroad equipment. Low Nox Fuel AdditivesQuick Reference: Marine Incentives Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Control Recreational Marine Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Provide incentives for newer boats and engines. Control Recreational Marine Emissions

· Year of first benefits is 2007, 2008, or 2009.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Rec Equip Fee Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Not economically feasible. No reductions by May 2008.· This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Recreational Equipment Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Increase registration fee on recreational vehicles (dedicate fee to clean air fund). Control Recreational Equipment EmissionsQuick Reference: Tug Boats Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Potential adverse impacts Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Commercial Marine Sources

RACM Criterion Summary Tug/Push Boat Activity Reductions. Control Commercial Marine Sources

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Not economically feasible. Potential adverse impacts. No reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Port Fees Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Upwind Port Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Emission Fee Program for Port-Related Mobile Sources Control Upwind Port Emissions

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · The IAQC is currently evaluating the potential for controls on upwind sources.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Graduated Fees Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. No reductions by May 2008. Not economically feasible.· This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Graduated registration fees for recreational boats

RACM Criterion Summary Levee additional registration fee for registration of boats with old, high-emission engines. Graduated registration fees for recreational boatsQuick Reference: Air Congest Pricing Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure could be adopted as either a voluntary or mandatory measure. 

# Measure -- Airport Congestion Pricing

RACM Criterion Summary Charge higher aircraft landing fees during busy times of day to reduce airport delays and congestion. Airport Congestion Pricing

· If a mandatory measure, all three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Not economically feasible. No reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Nonroad Gas Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Gas Tax Increase

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a fuel tax on off-road gasoline. Gas Tax Increase

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. No reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Nonroad Diesel Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. No reductions by May 2008. · This measure would require state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Diesel Tax Increase

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a fuel tax on off-road diesel. Diesel Tax Increase

# Appendix Analysis of Potential Mobile Source Measures

# Potential Mobile Source RACM Measures in the Metropolitan Washington Region Measure Name Definition RACM Reason
CAL LEV II Standards Adopt CAL LEV II Standards, which will require increased zero emission vehicles with marginal VOC and CO2 reductions in 2010. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand Remote Sensing Program Expand the Adoption of a Remote Sensing Program to Maryland and the District of Columbia. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 OTC Corridor Strategy Implement truck stop electrification projects and Heavy-Duty Engine Engine Control Module (ECM) Recalibration (chip reflash) along the I-95 corridor. No No creditable emission reduction
Low-emission Vehicle Purchases Accelerate adoption of low-emission vehicles. Target a variety of fleet and vehicle types. No Not enforceable
Voluntary Diesel Retrofits Implement voluntary diesel retrofit programs. Target a variety of fleet and vehicle types. No No creditable emission reduction Mandatory Diesel Retrofit Program Require retrofit of onroad diesel vehicles. Target a variety of fleet and vehicle types. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Rebate for Purchase of Hybrid Vehicles Issue rebate for purchase and registration of hybrid vehicles. No No creditable emission reduction Zero I/M waivers and exemptions Eliminate all waivers and exemptions in the I/M program. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Fleet ILEV for light-duty gasoline vehicles Require fleets operating in nonattainment area to be comprised of a percentage of Inherently Low Emission Vehicles (ILEV). No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand I/M Requirements to Upwind Counties Expand Inspection and Maintenance Requirements. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Vehicle Idling No Idling Rule – Restriction. Limits idling to 5 minutes for all non-commercial, consumer operated vehicles within the Washington NAA. Establish exemptions where required. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Enhanced Enforcement of Mobile Source Regulations Increase smoking vehicle enforcement. No No creditable emission reduction Enhanced Enforcement of Vehicle Idling Step-up enforcement of existing regulations to prevent extended vehicle idling. No No creditable emission reduction Enhanced Enforcement: Speed Limits Increase speed limit enforcement so that more vehicles are traveling at or below the posted limit. No No creditable emission reduction Vehicle Share Programs Develop vehicle share programs. No No creditable emission reduction On-road Heavy-Duty Diesel Smoke Testing and I/M Program Implement a smoke testing and/or Inspection/Maintenance Program for on-road heavy-duty diesel engines. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Bus Emissions Provide electrified parking spaces or APUs for tour buses. No No creditable emission reductions Control Delivery Truck Emissions Establish voluntary emission reduction program with delivery fleets. No No creditable emission reduction

### "Cash for Clunkers" On-Road Vehicles Fund voluntary program paying vehicle owners to turn in old vehicles for scrappage. No Not economically feasible Annual Gasoline Vehicle Pollution Fee Levy an annual fee on petroleum-powered vehicles based on mileage driven and emission rates (odometer tax). No Willnotprovide reductions by May 2008 Graduated Car Tax Charge higher car tax under a variety of different scenarios, including multiple cars and petroleum-based vehicles. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Pay-as-you-drive auto insurance ($/gal) Offer auto insurance rates linked to number of gallons of fuel consumed by vehicle. No Willnotprovide reductions by May 2008 Control VOC Content of Automotive Products Windshield Wiper Fluid – lower VOC. Establish evaporativestandards that are lower than those set by the EPA – 35 weightpercent VOC. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Gasoline Engine Retrofit Program Retrofit with 3-way catalysts on gasoline-burning heavy duty trucks that currently have 2-way catalysts or no catalysts. No No creditable emission reduction Motorcycle I/M Program End the motorcycle smog check exemption. No Willnotprovide reductions by May 2008 "Cash for Clunkers" Gas Caps Program Provide free replacement gas caps to light- and medium-duty vehicle owners. No No creditable emission reduction Electric Vehicle Tax Incentives Establish incentives to purchase electric vehicles. No Not enforceable Truck Idling Reduction: Truck Stop Electrification (TSE) Implement projects to electrify truck stops. No No creditable emission reduction Truck Idling Reduction: Auxilliary Power Units (APU) Increase market penetration of APUs to reduce truck idling. No No creditable emission reduction Improve Truck Fleet Fuel Economy Encourage adoption of technologies that increase truck fleet fuel economy. No No creditable emission reduction Increase Intermodal Transport Increase use of intermodal options for transporting goods. No No creditable emission reduction Control Heavy Duty Diesel Engines Heavy-duty engine Engine Control Module (ECM) recalibration (chip reflash). No No creditable emission reduction Diesel I/M Program Perform community-based inspections of trucks and buses. No No creditable emission reduction Establish Restricted Zones in Downtown Areas and Transit CentersRestrict private vehicle use in certain areas during business hours, encouraging pedestrian, bicycle, and transit use. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Biodiesel Fuel Expand use of biodiesel fuel for on-road vehicles. No No creditable emission reduction CARB Diesel Fuel Implement CARB diesel fuel standards. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 High Cetane Fuel Require high-Cetane diesel fuel for on-road vehicles. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Low-NOx Diesel Fuel Require regional use of low-NOx fuel additives for on-road diesel vehicles No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Fuel Additives to Reduce Emissions Use emulsified diesel fuel in diesel-burning heavy duty vehicles. No Not enforceable Gas Tax Increase Implement a fuel tax on on-road gasoline. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008

### Diesel Tax Increase Implement a fuel tax on on-road diesel. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand HOV Network on the Freeway System Construct additional HOV lanes on regional freeways. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Manage Roadway Usage: Traffic Incident Management Regional Travel Information System/Driver Assistance. Enhance real time traffic information to allow drivers to make better decisions about when and where to travel. No No creditable emission reductions
Replace Traffic Signals with Lesser Controls Install roundabouts in place of signals at low volume intersections. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Signals to Flashing Yellow 12am-5am From midnight until 5am, set intersection signals to flashing yellow in predominant direction and flashing red in minor direction for all low volume intersections where safety permits. No No creditable emission reductions
Traffic Signal Optimization Regularly optimize traffic signals to reduce idling and low-speed emissions. No No creditable emission reductions Build Park & Ride Lots at Major Intersections of Commuter Highways Construct new park & ride commuter lots along HOV facilities. No No creditable emission reductions Extend Ramp Metering Install signals to control flow of vehicles at selected freeway ramp entrances to maintain level of service. No No creditable emission reductions Permit Right Turn on Red Reduce vehicle idling time by permitting right turn on red, where safety allows. No No creditable emission reductions Manage Roadway Usage: No Drive Days Odd/Even License Plate no Drive Days. Prohibit drivers from traveling during certain periods, based on vehicle tags or other

easily identifiable criteria. Can be a permanent or episodic control. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Congestion Pricing on Low Occupancy Vehicles Impose a fee on vehicles containing two or fewer persons that use designated roadways, tunnels, and bridges during the peak AM periods. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Green Curb Initiative Restricted Access/ “Green Curb”. Differential fees and access permits applied during periods of high congestion. Target delivery/loading zones and carpool/vanpool pickup areas. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Area Pricing: Entry Fees Collect fees from drivers to enter a pre-defined area. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Transportation Funding Initiatives Require that Congestion Mitigation Air Quality (CMAQ) funds be used only for projects that improve air quality. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Establish Clean Air Fund Sell Clean Air License Plates to fund air quality programs (similar to “Save the Bay” tags). No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Electronic Tolling Expand interoperability of electronic tolling systems. No No creditable emission reductions

### Control Vehicle Speeds: Automated Enforcement Automate speed enforcement and lower the speed limit to 55 mph for heavy duty vehicles. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Control Vehicle Speeds: Lower Limits Speed Limit Restriction: Regional speed limit of 55 mph on all roads which previously had posted speeds of greater than 55 mph. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Manage Roadway Usage: Dedicated Bus Lanes Dedicate roadway lanes for use by buses. No Potential adverse impacts
Convenience Commercial Centers in Residential Areas Change zoning ordinances to allow neigborhood-serving retail establishments in residential areas. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Incentives for Mixed Use at Transit Centers Include incentives for mixed-use development at transit centers to reduce sprawl and VMT. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Infill Development Implement an infill development program throughout the Washington region. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Proximity Commute: Job Swap Encourage employees of the same firm to swap jobs, permitting each to work at a location closer to home. No No creditable emission reductions Shorter Distance from Buildings to Bus Stops For existing buildings, re-route traffic to allow buses to come closer to the building. For new buildings, alter setback requirements to allow closer bus access. No No creditable emission reductions Smart Growth and Infill Development Programs Encourage development/redevelopment of land in designated growth areas, encouraging local governments to place greater emphasis on land development near transit stations. No No creditable emission reductions Telecommuting Centers and Telework Program Telecommuting centers, including marketing activity, consultant support, commuter and employer information and assistance. No No creditable emission reductions Telecourses at Local Colleges and Universities Encourage local colleges and universities to offer telecourses to reduce vehicle trips. No No creditable emission reductions
Restrict Construction of New Parking Restrict construction of new parking at employment centers based on distance from transit and urban core. No No creditable emission reduction
ATM Machines Installed at Metro Stations Install ATMs near metro stations for rider convenience. No No creditable emission reductions Automatic Bus Locator System System would provide bus location information to transitdispatchers. This would decrease wait time and improve ontime arrival/departure. No No creditable emission reductions Clean Commute/Try Transit Week Promotes use of alternative transportation, including transit, by daily commuters for one week per year. No No creditable emission reductions College 33 Pass System Expand Baltimore college bus fare program to DC area. Program allows students to receive reduced fares near 19 participating schools in the region. No Will not advance attainment date Discount Multi-Trip Bus Fares Introduce discount programs reducing cost of multiple bus rides through purchase of pass books (e.g. 10-trip tickets). No Will not advance attainment date Additional Transit Stores Establish additional stationary transit stores in the region. No No creditable emission reductions

### Subsidize Transit Usage Expand MetroChek to all public sector employees No Will not advance attainment date Expand Peak Period Metrorail Service Extend peak-period service on Metrorail so trains run more frequently between 6-11 am and 3-8 pm. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Expand VRE Train Service Expand VRE train service to include additional departures. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Express Buses From Outyling Areas Implement direct bus service from outlying Park & Ride lots and far suburbs to major work centers. No No creditable emission reductions Flat Fare For All Transit Trips Single price all public transit services with free transfers all day, 7 days per week. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Free Bus Service Off-Peak Institute free off-peak bus service from 10-2 on weekdays and all day on weekends. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Free bus-to-rail / rail-to-bus transfers Institute free bus-to-rail transfer similar to free rail-to-bus transfer currently in place. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Free Rail Use 10-3 Free Metrorail trips for all riders from 10AM-3PM on weekdays. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008
Free Transit Passes to Students Free transit passes for high school and college students, subsidized by schools or through student registration fee. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Half Price Fares on Feeder Bus Service All metro bus and local bus services to Metrorail and commuter rail stations reduce fares by half. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Increase Commuter Rail Frequency Increase frequency of MARC service to every 15 minutes on Penn and Camden lines and every 10 min on the Brunswich line. Increase VRE frequency to every 15 minutes. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Metrorail Feeder Bus Service & Fare Buydown Improve Metrorail feeder bus service at underutilized park & ride lots, implement fare buydown program. No No creditable emission reduction New MARC Coaches Purchase additional coaches for MARC to accommodate increased ridership. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 New Surface Parking at Transit Centers Add new parking spaces at transit centers (bus, Metrorail, MARC, VRE) parking lots. No No creditable emission reductions Provide Additional Transit Service to Core Increase funding for transit services to expand core service. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Provide Additional Transit Service Access Increase funding for enhancing access to transit services. No No creditable emission reductions Real-Time Bus Schedule Information Expand trials of real-time bus schedule information to local transit providers. No No creditable emission reductions Reduce Parking Fees at Facilities Outside the Beltway Adjacent to Metro Reduce parking fees at Metro parking facilities or county/city managed facilities outside of the Beltway that are located near Metro stations. No No creditable emission reductions Regional Bus Service Expansion Expansion of Metrobus and other regional bus services. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Support Rail to Dulles and BWI Airports Provide funding to expand metro rail services to Dulles and BWI airports. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008

### Transit Prioritization -- Queue Jumps Provide queue jumps for buses at over-capacity signalized intersections throughout the region. Queue jumps allow buses to use a shoulder or other designated lane to bypass intersection queues and move forward towards the stop line. No No creditable emission reductions Universal Transportation Access SmarTrip card will allow users to pay fares on all rail and bus systems in the region (including parking in Metrorail lots) using one electronic card. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 WMATA Bus Information Displays with Maps Install additional information boxes with maps and schedule information. Would include schedules in languages other than English in neighborhoods where most residents speak another language. No No creditable emission reductions
Rush Hour Shift Shift Metrorail AM and PM rush hours to start 30 min earlier and end 30 min later. No No creditable emission reduction Employer Metro Shuttle Bus Services Provide incentives for businesses to provide employee shuttle service to the nearest rail or transit stop. No No creditable emission reduction Eliminate or Restrict Airport Parking Eliminate airport parking and replace with alternative fuel shuttle buses. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Bicycle Racks in DC Install bicycle racks at various locations throughout the region. No No creditable emission reductions Bike Lockers at Metro Stations, Park & Ride Lots, Other LocationsExpand existing bike lockers at Metrorail stations, install bicycle storage spaces in parking lots. No No creditable emission reduction Bike Racks on Transit Buses Provide external bike racks on WMATA and other local transit buses. No No creditable emission reduction Bike/Pedestrian Paths Fund construction of additional bicycle/pedestrian paths in the region. No No creditable emission reduction Employers Provide Free Bicycles for Midday Use Require employers to provide one bicycle per 50 employees for mid-day business or personal use. No No creditable emission reduction Bike to Work Day Conduct a one-day bike to work event. Provide outreach activities, education on the bike-to-work option, and assistance in trying bike-to-work. No No creditable emission reduction Safe Routes to School Program Implement a safe pedestrian and bicycle routes to school program to reduce VMT. No No creditable emission reduction Improvements to Bicycle and Pedestrian Access Provide incentives to developments that speed improvements to bicycle/pedestrian access. This includes improvements to sidewalks, curb ramps, crosswalks, lighting, etc. No No creditable emission reduction 4 Day Work Week/Flexible Work Schedules Encourage employers to adopt a shorter work week, with employees working 4 10-hour days. No No creditable emission reductions Access to Jobs Program Identifies gaps in transit service between places of residence and places of work for low wage workers. No No creditable emission reduction Mandatory Employee Commute Reduction Mandatory employer trip reduction to reduce employee vehicle trips. No Potential adverse impacts Restrict Parking at Schools Restrict high school students from driving to and parking at high schools when bus service is available. No No creditable emission reduction Student & staff based college & university rideshare programs Create rideshare program focused on students and staff at regional universities. No No creditable emission reduction Vanpool Programs Create programs and incentives designed to increase the number of vanpools in the region. No No creditable emission reduction Commuter Parking Tax Implement daily tax on employers or employees that match certain commuting/parking criteria. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008

### Market Based Parking Charge at Federal Facilities Negotiate agreement with federal government to charge market rate for daily parking for all employees. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Parking Impact Fee: All Parking Levy annual impact fee on every parking space in nonattainment area. No Will not provide reductions by May 2008 Free Parking for Carpools/Vanpools Provide free reserved parking spaces for all carpools or vanpools. No No creditable emission reductions Employer Parking Cash-Out Implement program encouraging or requiring employers to provide the value of subsidized parking to employees who use alternative commute strategies. No No creditable emission reductions Remove Trash Trucks From Area Streets Reduce use of trash trucks through transport of trash by barge. No No creditable emission reductions Clean Air Partners: Air Quality Action Days Take a variety ofactions onAirQualityActionDaysto reduce emissions and improve air quality (free transit, telework, carpool). No No creditable emission reductions Clean Air Partners: Public Outreach and Education Implement Strategic Communication Campaigns to Increase Public Awareness (reduce vehicle use). No No creditable emission reductions Local Government Education Campaign Implement Strategic Communication Campaigns to Increase Local Government Air Quality Improvement Efforts (reduce vehicle use). No No creditable emission reductions Mass Marketing Campaign Marketing effort involving business-to-business advertising campaign in print media and on world wide web. No No creditable emission reduction Commuter Choice - State & Local Government Employees Provide the region's local, state and municipal employees with transit benefits. No No creditable emission reductions Commuter Choice Tax Credit Employers subsidize employees' monthly transit or vanpool costs and receive a tax credit for incurred expenses. No No creditable emission reductions Commuter Operations Center Provides commuter assistance services, including carpool and vanpool ridematching. No No creditable emission reductions Guaranteed Ride Home Provides free rides home in event of unexpected emergency or unscheduled overtime to commuters using public transport. No No creditable emission reductions Integrated Rideshare Provides transit, park & ride, and telecenter information to all commuters on a matchlist. No No creditable emission reductions Interactive Rideshare Kiosks Transportation Information Kiosks in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. No No creditable emission reductionsQuick Reference: CAL LEV Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Reductions from CAL LEV II will not be be available by May 2008. · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation mandating carbon emission reductions would be controversial. · Year of first benefits is 2010. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- CAL LEV II Standards

RACM Criterion Summary Adopt CAL LEV II Standards, which will require increased zero emission vehicles with marginal VOC and CO2 reductions in 2010. CAL LEV II StandardsQuick Reference: Remote Sensing Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland and the District. 

# Measure -- Expand Remote Sensing Program

RACM Criterion Summary Expand the Adoption of a Remote Sensing Program to Maryland and the District of Columbia. Expand Remote Sensing Program

· States require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.
· Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Corridors Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- OTC Corridor Strategy

RACM Criterion Summary Implement truck stop electrification projects and Heavy-Duty Engine Engine Control Module (ECM) Recalibration (chip reflash) along the I-95 corridor. OTC Corridor Strategy

· Consider mandatory chip reflash program. · Year of first benefits is 2009 if mandatory.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Low-emission Vehicle Purchases Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not enforceable Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis May be included in the voluntary bundle. · Voluntary Measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Low-emission Vehicle Purchases

RACM Criterion Summary Accelerate adoption of low-emission vehicles. Target a variety of fleet and vehicle types. Low-emission Vehicle Purchases

· Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. Not enforceable.Quick Reference: Vol Diesel Retrofit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis May be included in the voluntary bundle. · Voluntary Measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Voluntary Diesel Retrofits

RACM Criterion Summary Implement voluntary diesel retrofit programs. Target a variety of fleet and vehicle types. Voluntary Diesel Retrofits

· Achieving NOx or VOC reductions through retrofits is expensive.

Not RACM. Not enforceable. · Year of first benefits is 2007.Quick Reference: Mand Diesel Retrofit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation mandating onroad diesel vehicle retrofits would be controversial.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Mandatory Diesel Retrofit Program

RACM Criterion Summary Require retrofit of onroad diesel vehicles. Target a variety of fleet and vehicle types. Mandatory Diesel Retrofit ProgramQuick Reference: Hybrid Rebates Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Consider expanding program to cover clean diesel. · Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary Measure. May be included as part of the Innovative Measures Bundle. 

# Measure -- Rebate for Purchase of Hybrid Vehicles

RACM Criterion Summary Issue rebate for purchase and registration of hybrid vehicles. Rebate for Purchase of Hybrid VehiclesQuick Reference: No Waivers Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Zero I/M waivers and exemptions

RACM Criterion Summary Eliminate all waivers and exemptions in the I/M program. Zero I/M waivers and exemptions

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Fleet ILEV Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Any regulation mandating fleet requirements would be controversial.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Fleet ILEV for light-duty gasoline vehicles

RACM Criterion Summary Require fleets operating in nonattainment area to be comprised of a percentage of Inherently Low Emission Vehicles (ILEV). Fleet ILEV for light-duty gasoline vehiclesQuick Reference: Upwind IM Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure would require state-level regulation by Virginia or other upwind states. 

# Measure -- Expand I/M Requirements to Upwind Counties

RACM Criterion Summary Expand Inspection and Maintenance Requirements. Expand I/M Requirements to Upwind Counties

· This would require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · If pursued, upwind sources would need to be added to the emissions inventory.

No. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: No Idling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure would require either state-level regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Vehicle Idling

RACM Criterion Summary No Idling Rule – Restriction. Limits idling to 5 minutes for all noncommercial, consumer operated vehicles within the Washington NAA. Establish exemptions where required. Control Vehicle Idling

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Regulations restricting automobile idling would be difficult to enforce.

· Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Emission reductions may not be creditable.Quick Reference: Enforce Smoking Vehicles Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement of Mobile Source Regulations

RACM Criterion Summary Increase smoking vehicle enforcement. Enhanced Enforcement of Mobile Source RegulationsQuick Reference: Enforce Idling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement of Vehicle Idling

RACM Criterion Summary Step-up enforcement of existing regulations to prevent extended vehicle idling. Enhanced Enforcement of Vehicle Idling

· Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Enforce Speed Limits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- Enhanced Enforcement: Speed Limits

RACM Criterion Summary Increase speed limit enforcement so that more vehicles are traveling at or below the posted limit. Enhanced Enforcement: Speed Limits

· Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Vehicle Sharing Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- Vehicle Share Programs

RACM Criterion Summary Develop vehicle share programs. Vehicle Share ProgramsQuick Reference: Onroad Smoke Test Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- On-road Heavy-Duty Diesel Smoke Testing and I/M Program

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a smoke testing and/or Inspection/Maintenance Program for on-road heavy-duty diesel engines. On-road Heavy-Duty Diesel Smoke Testing and I/M Program

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Heavy duty diesel smoke testing may not reduce NOx or VOC emissions.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Tour Bus Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- Control Bus Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Provide electrified parking spaces or APUs for tour buses. Control Bus Emissions

· Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Delivery Trucks Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Large fleet operators in the region participate in EPA's Smartway Program. Companies also have anti-idling policies. · Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- Control Delivery Truck Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Establish voluntary emission reduction program with delivery fleets. Control Delivery Truck EmissionsQuick Reference: Vehicle Replace Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not economically feasible Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Voluntary Measure. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" On-Road Vehicles

RACM Criterion Summary Fund voluntary program paying vehicle owners to turn in old vehicles for scrappage. "Cash for Clunkers" On-Road Vehicles

· Year of first benefits is 2006.

Not RACM. Not economically feasible.Quick Reference: Odometer Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Annual Gasoline Vehicle Pollution Fee

RACM Criterion Summary Levy an annual fee on petroleum-powered vehicles based on mileage driven and emission rates (odometer tax). Annual Gasoline Vehicle Pollution FeeQuick Reference: Car Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Graduated Car Tax

RACM Criterion Summary Charge higher car tax under a variety of different scenarios, including multiple cars and petroleum-based vehicles. Graduated Car Tax

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: VMT Insurance Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Pay-as-you-drive auto insurance ($/gal)

RACM Criterion Summary Offer auto insurance rates linked to number of gallons of fuel consumed by vehicle. Pay-as-you-drive auto insurance ($/gal)Quick Reference: Product VOC Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control VOC Content of Automotive Products

RACM Criterion Summary Windshield Wiper Fluid – lower VOC. Establish evaporativestandards that are lower than those set by the EPA – 35 weightpercent VOC. Control VOC Content of Automotive Products

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Gas Retrofits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Gasoline Engine Retrofit Program

RACM Criterion Summary Retrofit with 3-way catalysts on gasoline-burning heavy duty trucks that currently have 2-way catalysts or no catalysts. Gasoline Engine Retrofit Program

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Motorcycle IM Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Motorcycle I/M Program

RACM Criterion Summary End the motorcycle smog check exemption. Motorcycle I/M ProgramQuick Reference: Gas Caps Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- "Cash for Clunkers" Gas Caps Program

RACM Criterion Summary Provide free replacement gas caps to light- and medium-duty vehicle owners. "Cash for Clunkers" Gas Caps Program

· A gas cap program may be implemented under EPA's Mobile Source Air Toxics (MSAT) Rule. · Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Mobile Miti Fees Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Mobile Source Mitigation Fees

RACM Criterion Summary Establish mobile sector mitigation fees Mobile Source Mitigation Fees

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Electric Vehicle Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not enforceable Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Electric Vehicle Tax Incentives

RACM Criterion Summary Establish incentives to purchase electric vehicles. Electric Vehicle Tax Incentives

Not RACM. Not enforceable.Quick Reference: TSE Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Truck Idling Reduction: Truck Stop Electrification (TSE)

RACM Criterion Summary Implement projects to electrify truck stops. Truck Idling Reduction: Truck Stop Electrification (TSE)Quick Reference: Truck APU Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Truck Idling Reduction: Auxilliary Power Units (APU)

RACM Criterion Summary Increase market penetration of APUs to reduce truck idling. Truck Idling Reduction: Auxilliary Power Units (APU)

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Truck Efficiency Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Improve Truck Fleet Fuel Economy

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage adoption of technologies that increase truck fleet fuel economy. Improve Truck Fleet Fuel EconomyQuick Reference: Intermodal Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Increase Intermodal Transport

RACM Criterion Summary Increase use of intermodal options for transporting goods. Increase Intermodal TransportQuick Reference: Chip Reflash Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Program would only correct issues with compliance with existing programs.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory or Voluntary Program. Mandatory measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Heavy Duty Diesel Engines

RACM Criterion Summary Heavy-duty engine Engine Control Module (ECM) recalibration (chip reflash). Control Heavy Duty Diesel EnginesQuick Reference: Community Inspect Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Diesel I/M Program

RACM Criterion Summary Perform community-based inspections of trucks and buses. Diesel I/M Program

· Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Restricted Zones Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Mandatory Program. Would require complex negotiation between various stakeholders and authorities having jurisdiction. 

# Measure -- Establish Restricted Zones in Downtown Areas and Transit Centers

RACM Criterion Summary Restrict private vehicle use in certain areas during business hours, encouraging pedestrian, bicycle, and transit use. Establish Restricted Zones in Downtown Areas and Transit CentersQuick Reference: Onroad biodiesel Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Biodiesel Fuel

RACM Criterion Summary Expand use of biodiesel fuel for on-road vehicles. Biodiesel Fuel

· Potential NOx disbenefit. · Year of first benefits is 2007.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: CARB Diesel Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Limited benefit once ULSD is available.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- CARB Diesel Fuel

RACM Criterion Summary Implement CARB diesel fuel standards. CARB Diesel FuelQuick Reference: Onroad cetane Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- High Cetane Fuel

RACM Criterion Summary Require high-Cetane diesel fuel for on-road vehicles. High Cetane Fuel

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Low Nox Onroad Fuel Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Mandating fuel additives may be challenging to implement.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Low-NOx Diesel Fuel

RACM Criterion Summary Require regional use of low-NOx fuel additives for on-road diesel vehicles Low-NOx Diesel FuelQuick Reference: Emulsified Diesel Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Not enforceable Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Fuel Additives to Reduce Emissions

RACM Criterion Summary Use emulsified diesel fuel in diesel-burning heavy duty vehicles. Fuel Additives to Reduce Emissions

Not RACM. Not enforceable.Quick Reference: Onroad Gas Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Gas Tax Increase

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a fuel tax on on-road gasoline. Gas Tax IncreaseQuick Reference: Onroad Diesel Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Diesel Tax Increase

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a fuel tax on on-road diesel. Diesel Tax Increase

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Expand HOV Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable - Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Adding significant new HOV lane capacity to the region's transportation network may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Expand HOV Network on the Freeway System

RACM Criterion Summary Construct additional HOV lanes on regional freeways. Expand HOV Network on the Freeway System

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Traffic Management Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Adding significant new travel information systems to the region may not be possible by May 2008.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · This program is already in place as a TERM. No creditable emission reduction. 

# Measure -- Manage Roadway Usage: Traffic Incident Management

RACM Criterion Summary Regional Travel Information System/Driver Assistance. Enhance real time traffic information to allow drivers to make better decisions about when and where to travel. Manage Roadway Usage: Traffic Incident ManagementQuick Reference: Rotary Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Not all intersections are candidates for lesser controls. May not be able to remove controls for safety and liability.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Adding significant new rotary capacity to the region's transportation network may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Replace Traffic Signals with Lesser Controls

RACM Criterion Summary Install roundabouts in place of signals at low volume intersections. Replace Traffic Signals with Lesser ControlsQuick Reference: Flashing Signals Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Signals to Flashing Yellow 12am-5am

RACM Criterion Summary From midnight until 5am, set intersection signals to flashing yellow in predominant direction and flashing red in minor direction for all low volume intersections where safety permits. Signals to Flashing Yellow 12am-5am

· Setting signals to flashing yellow is already in place at many intersections in the region.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Signal Optimization Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Program currently underway in the region.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Traffic Signal Optimization

RACM Criterion Summary Regularly optimize traffic signals to reduce idling and low-speed emissions. Traffic Signal OptimizationQuick Reference: Park and Ride Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Additional park and ride lots are currently being constructed. 

# Measure -- Build Park & Ride Lots at Major Intersections of Commuter Highways

RACM Criterion Summary Construct new park & ride commuter lots along HOV facilities. Build Park & Ride Lots at Major Intersections of Commuter Highways

· Emission reductions from this measure may bede minimis.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Ramp Meter Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · May cause traffic congestion on local streets. Limited air quality benefit.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Adding significant ramp metering capabilities to the region's transportation network may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Extend Ramp Metering

RACM Criterion Summary Install signals to control flow of vehicles at selected freeway ramp entrances to maintain level of service. Extend Ramp MeteringQuick Reference: Right on Red Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already underway in the region. 

# Measure -- Permit Right Turn on Red

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce vehicle idling time by permitting right turn on red, where safety allows. Permit Right Turn on Red

· Potential emission reductions may bede minimis.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: No Drive Days Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Manage Roadway Usage: No Drive Days

RACM Criterion Summary Odd/Even License Plate no Drive Days. Prohibit drivers from traveling during certain periods, based on vehicle tags or other easily identifiable criteria. Can be a permanent or episodic control. Manage Roadway Usage: No Drive Days

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Congest Pricing Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Potential adverse impacts if converting existing lanes to toll.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is unknown. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. Federal approval may also be required. 

# Measure -- Congestion Pricing on Low Occupancy Vehicles

RACM Criterion Summary Impose a fee on vehicles containing two or fewer persons that use designated roadways, tunnels, and bridges during the peak AM periods. Congestion Pricing on Low Occupancy VehiclesQuick Reference: Value Pricing Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Green Curb Initiative

RACM Criterion Summary Restricted Access/ “Green Curb”. Differential fees and access permits applied during periods of high congestion. Target delivery/loading zones and carpool/vanpool pickup areas. Green Curb Initiative

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009.Quick Reference: Entry Fees Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts - Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level legislation or regulation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. Congressional approval is needed for projects in the District. 

# Measure -- Area Pricing: Entry Fees

RACM Criterion Summary Collect fees from drivers to enter a pre-defined area. Area Pricing: Entry FeesQuick Reference: CMAQ Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with a regulation. · Program may already be required under recent federal guidance.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits depends on project. · Mandatory Program: This measure would require state-level regulation or policy by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Transportation Funding Initiatives

RACM Criterion Summary Require that Congestion Mitigation Air Quality (CMAQ) funds be used only for projects that improve air quality. Transportation Funding InitiativesQuick Reference: Clean Air Fund Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible Yes No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. Organizations can petition DMV for new plates. 

# Measure -- Establish Clean Air Fund

RACM Criterion Summary Sell Clean Air License Plates to fund air quality programs (similar to “Save the Bay” tags). Establish Clean Air Fund

· May require state legislation. · Year of first benefits is not known.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Electronic Tolling Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measures is already in-place. 

# Measure -- Electronic Tolling

RACM Criterion Summary Expand interoperability of electronic tolling systems. Electronic Tolling

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Auto Enforce Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is not known.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Measure will require legislation. 

# Measure -- Control Vehicle Speeds: Automated Enforcement

RACM Criterion Summary Automate speed enforcement and lower the speed limit to 55 mph for heavy duty vehicles. Control Vehicle Speeds: Automated EnforcementQuick Reference: Lower Limits Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · This measure would require state-level legislation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Control Vehicle Speeds: Lower Limits

RACM Criterion Summary Speed Limit Restriction: Regional speed limit of 55 mph on all roads which previously had posted speeds of greater than 55 mph. Control Vehicle Speeds: Lower Limits

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with new legislation. · Meaures may involve increased costs for enforcement.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is not known.Quick Reference: Dedicated Bus Lanes Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Potential adverse impacts Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potenital adverse impacts if existing lanes are converted.

Not RACM. Potential adverse impacts. · Year of first benefits is not known. 

# Measure -- Manage Roadway Usage: Dedicated Bus Lanes

RACM Criterion Summary Dedicate roadway lanes for use by buses. Manage Roadway Usage: Dedicated Bus LanesQuick Reference: Commercial Convenience Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Adding significant new commercial convenience centers to the region's land use plans may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Convenience Commercial Centers in Residential Areas

RACM Criterion Summary Change zoning ordinances to allow neigborhood-serving retail establishments in residential areas. Convenience Commercial Centers in Residential AreasQuick Reference: Mixed Use Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already in place at a number of locations in the region. Adding significant new incentives to the region's land use plans may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Incentives for Mixed Use at Transit Centers

RACM Criterion Summary Include incentives for mixed-use development at transit centers to reduce sprawl and VMT. Incentives for Mixed Use at Transit Centers

· Reductions could be greater than 0.1 tpd if benefits from different projects are combined.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Infill Development Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Measure is already in place at a number of locations in the region. Adding significant new infill developments to the region's land use plans may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Infill Development

RACM Criterion Summary Implement an infill development program throughout the Washington region. Infill DevelopmentQuick Reference: Proximity Commute Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Proximity Commute: Job Swap

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage employees of the same firm to swap jobs, permitting each to work at a location closer to home. Proximity Commute: Job SwapQuick Reference: Bus Stop Access Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Shorter Distance from Buildings to Bus Stops

RACM Criterion Summary For existing buildings, re-route traffic to allow buses to come closer to the building. For new buildings, alter setback requirements to allow closer bus access. Shorter Distance from Buildings to Bus Stops

· Measure would require changes in land use and zoning.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Smart Growth Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already in place at a number of locations in the region. Adding significant new smart growth developments to the region's land use plans may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- Smart Growth and Infill Development Programs

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage development/redevelopment of land in designated growth areas, encouraging local governments to place greater emphasis on land development near transit stations. Smart Growth and Infill Development ProgramsQuick Reference: Telecommute Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measures is already in place in the region. 

# Measure -- Telecommuting Centers and Telework Program

RACM Criterion Summary Telecommuting centers, including marketing activity, consultant support, commuter and employer information and assistance. Telecommuting Centers and Telework Program

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Telecourse Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. Measures already being done in some instances. 

# Measure -- Telecourses at Local Colleges and Universities

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage local colleges and universities to offer telecourses to reduce vehicle trips. Telecourses at Local Colleges and UniversitiesQuick Reference: Restrict New Parking Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable Yes Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure already in place in some jurisditions. · Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. Potential adverse impacts. · Year of first benefits is not known. Timing will vary by jurisdiction. · Mandatory Program. Process will vary by jurisdiction. 

# Measure -- Restrict Construction of New Parking

RACM Criterion Summary Restrict construction of new parking at employment centers based on distance from transit and urban core. Restrict Construction of New ParkingQuick Reference: Metro ATM Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Measure is already in place. 

# Measure -- ATM Machines Installed at Metro Stations

RACM Criterion Summary Install ATMs near metro stations for rider convenience. ATM Machines Installed at Metro StationsQuick Reference: Bus Locator Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Automatic Bus Locator System

RACM Criterion Summary System would provide bus location information to transit dispatchers. This would decrease wait time and improve on-time arrival/departure. Automatic Bus Locator SystemQuick Reference: Clean Commute Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Clean Commute/Try Transit Week

RACM Criterion Summary Promotes use of alternative transportation, including transit, by daily commuters for one week per year. Clean Commute/Try Transit WeekQuick Reference: Transit Stores Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already in place. 

# Measure -- Additional Transit Stores

RACM Criterion Summary Establish additional stationary transit stores in the region. Additional Transit Stores

· Potential for expansion as a voluntary measure.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Expand Peak Transit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Expand Peak Period Metrorail Service

RACM Criterion Summary Extend peak-period service on Metrorail so trains run more frequently between 6-11 am and 3-8 pm. Expand Peak Period Metrorail Service

· Significant new capital expenditures would be required. · Year of first benefit is not known.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Expand VRE Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Expand VRE Train Service

RACM Criterion Summary Expand VRE train service to include additional departures. Expand VRE Train ServiceQuick Reference: Express Bus Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already in place. Additional bus service can be added as demand arises. 

# Measure -- Express Buses From Outyling Areas

RACM Criterion Summary Implement direct bus service from outlying Park & Ride lots and far suburbs to major work centers. Express Buses From Outyling Areas

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction.Quick Reference: Subsidize Transit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure.

Not RACM. WIll not advance attainment date. · Measure already in-place. Not economically viable in all locations, especially outer suburbs which lack sufficient transit infrastructure. 

# Measure -- Subsidize Transit Usage

RACM Criterion Summary Expand MetroChek to all public sector employees Subsidize Transit UsageQuick Reference: Discounted Fares Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already in place. 

# Measure -- Discount Multi-Trip Bus Fares

RACM Criterion Summary Introduce discount programs reducing cost of multiple bus rides through purchase of pass books (e.g. 10-trip tickets). Discount Multi-Trip Bus Fares

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: College Pass Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not advance attainment date Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- College 33 Pass System

RACM Criterion Summary Expand Baltimore college bus fare program to DC area. Program allows students to receive reduced fares near 19 participating schools in the region. College 33 Pass System

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Flat Fares Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Flat Fare For All Transit Trips

RACM Criterion Summary Single price all public transit services with free transfers all day, 7 days per week. Flat Fare For All Transit Trips

·Year of first benefits is not known. · May not be possible to implement by May 2008 due to complexity and cost obstacles.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Need large scale effort to generate emission reductions that exceed thede minimis threshold.Quick Reference: Free Offpeak Bus Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Free Bus Service Off-Peak

RACM Criterion Summary Institute free off-peak bus service from 10-2 on weekdays and all day on weekends. Free Bus Service Off-PeakQuick Reference: Free Offpeak Rail Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Free Rail Use 10-3

RACM Criterion Summary Free Metrorail trips for all riders from 10AM-3PM on weekdays. Free Rail Use 10-3Quick Reference: Free Transit Transfer Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Free bus-to-rail / rail-to-bus transfers

RACM Criterion Summary Institute free bus-to-rail transfer similar to free rail-to-bus transfer currently in place. Free bus-to-rail / rail-to-bus transfers

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Free Student Pass Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Free Transit Passes to Students

RACM Criterion Summary Free transit passes for high school and college students, subsidized by schools or through student registration fee. Free Transit Passes to Students

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Half Price Feeder Bus Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Half Price Fares on Feeder Bus Service

RACM Criterion Summary All metro bus and local bus services to Metrorail and commuter rail stations reduce fares by half. Half Price Fares on Feeder Bus Service

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Rail Frequency Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Must address issues of track usage by freight and commuter lines. 

# Measure -- Increase Commuter Rail Frequency

RACM Criterion Summary Increase frequency of MARC service to every 15 minutes on Penn and Camden lines and every 10 min on the Brunswich line. Increase VRE frequency to every 15 minutes. Increase Commuter Rail FrequencyQuick Reference: Fare Buydown Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Existing programs in the region have not served to increase transit ridership. 

# Measure -- Metrorail Feeder Bus Service & Fare Buydown

RACM Criterion Summary Improve Metrorail feeder bus service at underutilized park & ride lots, implement fare buydown program. Metrorail Feeder Bus Service & Fare BuydownQuick Reference: MARC Coaches Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefit is not known. 

# Measure -- New MARC Coaches

RACM Criterion Summary Purchase additional coaches for MARC to accommodate increased ridership. New MARC Coaches

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Transit Parking Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already being done where feasible. Acquisition of new land for parking is major hurdle. Adding significant new transit parking capacity to the region's transit system may not be possible by May 2008. 

# Measure -- New Surface Parking at Transit Centers

RACM Criterion Summary Add new parking spaces at transit centers (bus, Metrorail, MARC, VRE) parking lots. New Surface Parking at Transit CentersQuick Reference: Expand Core Service Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis 

# Measure -- Provide Additional Transit Service to Core

RACM Criterion Summary Increase funding for transit services to expand core service. Provide Additional Transit Service to Core

· Significant new capital expenditures would be required. · Year of first benefit is not known.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Transit Access Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Measure already being implemented where feasible. 

# Measure -- Provide Additional Transit Service Access

RACM Criterion Summary Increase funding for enhancing access to transit services. Provide Additional Transit Service AccessQuick Reference: Real time Schedule Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above the de minimis threshold. 

# Measure -- Real-Time Bus Schedule Information

RACM Criterion Summary Expand trials of real-time bus schedule information to local transit providers. Real-Time Bus Schedule Information

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Reduced Parking Fees Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · There may not be underutilized transit parking facilities in the region. 

# Measure -- Reduce Parking Fees at Facilities Outside the Beltway Adjacent to Metro

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce parking fees at Metro parking facilities or county/city managed facilities outside of the Beltway that are located near Metro stations. Reduce Parking Fees at Facilities Outside the Beltway Adjacent to Metro

· Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above the de minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Bus Expansion Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure already being implemented in the region. Rapid expansion of the measure is challenging due to cost constraints. 

# Measure -- Regional Bus Service Expansion

RACM Criterion Summary Expansion of Metrobus and other regional bus services. Regional Bus Service Expansion

· Year of first benefit is not known.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Rail to Dulles Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefit is not known. 

# Measure -- Support Rail to Dulles and BWI Airports

RACM Criterion Summary Provide funding to expand metro rail services to Dulles and BWI airports. Support Rail to Dulles and BWI Airports

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Queue Jumps Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold. 

# Measure -- Transit Prioritization -- Queue Jumps

RACM Criterion Summary Provide queue jumps for buses at over-capacity signalized intersections throughout the region. Queue jumps allow buses to use a shoulder or other designated lane to bypass intersection queues and move forward towards the stop line. Transit Prioritization -- Queue Jumps

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Universal Access Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Need large scale effort to generate emission reductions that exceed thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · May not be possible to implement full program by May 2008 due to complexity and cost obstacles. · Potential voluntary measure. Measure already being implemented in certain instances. 

# Measure -- Universal Transportation Access

RACM Criterion Summary SmarTrip card will allow users to pay fares on all rail and bus systems in the region (including parking in Metrorail lots) using one electronic card. Universal Transportation AccessQuick Reference: WMATA Maps Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Measure is already being implemented in the DC region. 

# Measure -- WMATA Bus Information Displays with Maps

RACM Criterion Summary Install additional information boxes with maps and schedule information. Would include schedules in languages other than English in neighborhoods where most residents speak another language. WMATA Bus Information Displays with MapsQuick Reference: Rush Hour Shift Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Rush Hour Shift

RACM Criterion Summary Shift Metrorail AM and PM rush hours to start 30 min earlier and end 30 min later. Rush Hour ShiftQuick Reference: Employer Shuttles Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Employer Metro Shuttle Bus Services

RACM Criterion Summary Provide incentives for businesses to provide employee shuttle service to the nearest rail or transit stop. Employer Metro Shuttle Bus Services

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Restrict Airport Parking Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Year of first benefits is not known. 

# Measure -- Eliminate or Restrict Airport Parking

RACM Criterion Summary Eliminate airport parking and replace with alternative fuel shuttle buses. Eliminate or Restrict Airport Parking

· Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. Potential adverse impacts.Quick Reference: Bus Bike Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Bike Racks on Transit Buses

RACM Criterion Summary Provide external bike racks on WMATA and other local transit buses. Bike Racks on Transit Buses

· Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Bike Lockers Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Bike Lockers at Metro Stations, Park & Ride Lots, Other Locations

RACM Criterion Summary Expand existing bike lockers at Metrorail stations, install bicycle storage spaces in parking lots. Bike Lockers at Metro Stations, Park & Ride Lots, Other LocationsQuick Reference: Bike Racks Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Bicycle Racks in DC

RACM Criterion Summary Install bicycle racks at various locations throughout the region. Bicycle Racks in DC

· Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Bike Ped Paths Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Bike/Pedestrian Paths

RACM Criterion Summary Fund construction of additional bicycle/pedestrian paths in the region. Bike/Pedestrian PathsQuick Reference: Free Bike Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Employers Provide Free Bicycles for Midday Use

RACM Criterion Summary Require employers to provide one bicycle per 50 employees for mid-day business or personal use. Employers Provide Free Bicycles for Midday Use

· Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Bike to Work Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Emission reductions from measure are not expected to be above thede minimis threshold.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Measure is already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- Bike to Work Day

RACM Criterion Summary Conduct a one-day bike to work event. Provide outreach activities,education on the bike-to-work option, and assistance in trying biketo-work. Bike to Work DayQuick Reference: Safe Routes Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Safe Routes to School Program

RACM Criterion Summary Implement a safe pedestrian and bicycle routes to school program to reduce VMT. Safe Routes to School Program

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Improve Access Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Improvements to Bicycle and Pedestrian Access

RACM Criterion Summary Provide incentives to developments that speed improvements to bicycle/pedestrian access. This includes improvements to sidewalks, curb ramps, crosswalks, lighting, etc. Improvements to Bicycle and Pedestrian Access

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Flex Work Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. Measure already being implemented in the region. 

# Measure -- 4 Day Work Week/Flexible Work Schedules

RACM Criterion Summary Encourage employers to adopt a shorter work week, with employees working 4 10-hour days. 4 Day Work Week/Flexible Work Schedules

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Access to Jobs Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Access to Jobs Program

RACM Criterion Summary Identifies gaps in transit service between places of residence and places of work for low wage workers. Access to Jobs ProgramQuick Reference: Mand Commute Reduction Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Potential adverse impacts Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. Potential adverse impacts. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Year of first benefits is 2009. · Mandatory Program. 

# Measure -- Mandatory Employee Commute Reduction

RACM Criterion Summary Mandatory employer trip reduction to reduce employee vehicle trips. Mandatory Employee Commute ReductionQuick Reference: Restrict School Parking Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reduction. Not enforceable. Potential adverse impacts. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Restrict Parking at Schools

RACM Criterion Summary Restrict high school students from driving to and parking at high schools when bus service is available. Restrict Parking at SchoolsQuick Reference: College Rideshare Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd No Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Student & staff based college & university rideshare programs

RACM Criterion Summary Create rideshare program focused on students and staff at regional universities. Student & staff based college & university rideshare programsQuick Reference: Vanpool Programs Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable - Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd Yes Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure for expansion. 

# Measure -- Vanpool Programs

RACM Criterion Summary Create programs and incentives designed to increase the number of vanpools in the region. Vanpool Programs

· Measure is being implemented in the region. May need to address implementation issues. .

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Commuter Parking Tax Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Mandatory Measure: This measure would require state-level legislation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Commuter Parking Tax

RACM Criterion Summary Implement daily tax on employers or employees that match certain commuting/parking criteria. Commuter Parking Tax

· All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with new legislation. · Year of first benefits is 2009.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008.Quick Reference: Federal Parking Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Market Based Parking Charge at Federal Facilities

RACM Criterion Summary Negotiate agreement with federal government to charge market rate for daily parking for all employees. Market Based Parking Charge at Federal FacilitiesQuick Reference: Parking Fee Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: Will not provide reductions by May 2008Issues Implementation by May 2008 No Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · All three states require well over 12 months to develop, pass and require compliance with new legislation. · Year of first benefits is not known.

Not RACM. Will not provide reductions by May 2008. · Mandatory Measure: This measure would require state-level legislation by Maryland, Virginia and the District. 

# Measure -- Parking Impact Fee: All Parking

RACM Criterion Summary Levy annual impact fee on every parking space in nonattainment area. Parking Impact Fee: All ParkingQuick Reference: Carpool Parking Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible No No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Free Parking for Carpools/Vanpools

RACM Criterion Summary Provide free reserved parking spaces for all carpools or vanpools. Free Parking for Carpools/VanpoolsQuick Reference: Parking Cashout Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts No Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Employer Parking Cash-Out

RACM Criterion Summary Implement program encouraging or requiring employers to provide the value of subsidized parking to employees who use alternative commute strategies. Employer Parking Cash-Out

· Potential adverse impacts.

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Barge Trash Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 - Enforceable No Technologically Feasible - Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Remove Trash Trucks From Area Streets

RACM Criterion Summary Reduce use of trash trucks through transport of trash by barge. Remove Trash Trucks From Area Streets

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Air Quality Action Days Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. This is an episodic measure. 

# Measure -- Clean Air Partners: Air Quality Action Days

RACM Criterion Summary Take a variety of actions on Air Quality Action Days to reduce emissions and improve air quality (free transit, telework, carpool). Clean Air Partners: Air Quality Action DaysQuick Reference: Clean Air Partners Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Existing voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Clean Air Partners: Public Outreach and Education

RACM Criterion Summary Implement Strategic Communication Campaigns to Increase Public Awareness (reduce vehicle use). Clean Air Partners: Public Outreach and Education

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Government Education Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Local Government Education Campaign

RACM Criterion Summary Implement Strategic Communication Campaigns to Increase Local Government Air Quality Improvement Efforts (reduce vehicle use). Local Government Education CampaignQuick Reference: Mass Marketing Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reduction Issues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Mass Marketing Campaign

RACM Criterion Summary Marketing effort involving business-to-business advertising campaign in print media and on world wide web. Mass Marketing Campaign

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Commuter Choice Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. 

# Measure -- Commuter Choice - State & Local Government Employees

RACM Criterion Summary Provide the region's local, state and municipal employees with transit benefits. Commuter Choice - State & Local Government EmployeesQuick Reference: Comm Choice Tax Credit Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Potential voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Commuter Choice Tax Credit

RACM Criterion Summary Employers subsidize employees' monthly transit or vanpool costs and receive a tax credit for incurred expenses. Commuter Choice Tax Credit

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Commuter Operations Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Existing voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Commuter Operations Center

RACM Criterion Summary Provides commuter assistance services, including carpool and vanpool ridematching. Commuter Operations Center

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Ride Home Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Existing voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Guaranteed Ride Home

RACM Criterion Summary Provides free rides home in event of unexpected emergency or unscheduled overtime to commuters using public transport. Guaranteed Ride HomeQuick Reference: Rideshare Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis · Existing voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Integrated Rideshare

RACM Criterion Summary Provides transit, park & ride, and telecenter information to all commuters on a matchlist. Integrated Rideshare

Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions.Quick Reference: Kiosks Description: Measure Name: RACM Determination: No Reason: No creditable emission reductionsIssues Implementation by May 2008 Yes Enforceable No Technologically Feasible Yes Economically Feasible - No Adverse Impacts Yes Reductions >0.1 tpd - Estimated Cost Effectiveness Estimated Reductions

Summary Analysis Not RACM. No creditable emission reductions. · Existing voluntary measure. 

# Measure -- Interactive Rideshare Kiosks

RACM Criterion Summary Transportation Information Kiosks in Maryland, Virginia and the District of Columbia. Interactive Rideshare Kiosks