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The Nighthawk is Put to Rest...or Perhaps Just Down

for a Nap

Many years ago the word stealth could have been used in the context of ground troops moving undetectably through enemy terrain.

Stealth materials at that time would have been the canvas and rubber used to soften the step of the soldier or the camouflage uniform

worn to blend in to natural surroundings. The appearance, or

rather the acknowledgement, of a stealth fighter aircraft in 1988

(when the F-117A was officially unveiled to the public) was an

impressive statement underscoring the remarkable development of

advanced stealth technologies.

Although the existence of stealth technology for aircraft was

vaguely acknowledged by the Carter administration, the F-117A

program remained in the black world from its inception in

November 1978 until the Pentagon officially announced its existence on November 10, 1988. [1, 2] For the next 20 years or so, the

fighter, which probably should have been referred to as an attack

aircraft or bomber because it lacked air-to-air combat capability,

was symbolic of the US military’s advanced stealth technologies.

The aircraft was borne out of a realization that it was much simpler to calculate the radar cross section (RCS) of a large complex

object if the surfaces that made up that object had simple shapes

(i.e., non-curved). The angular shapes that give the aircraft its distinct, if not eccentric, appearance were the result of this realization.

Aside from using specifically designed geometric shapes to minimize the RCS, special low observable materials were developed

and used to increase the stealthiness of the aircraft. Thermal protection ceramic materials, similar to those installed on the Space

Shuttle, were used in conjunction with other systems to mask the

thermal signature of the exhaust from the aircraft’s engines. The

seams between the ceramics were filled to create a cohesive thermal

protection material system. Additionally, radar absorbent coating

materials were used to further reduce the RCS. The surface of the

aircraft had to be perfectly maintained since any defect or slightly

mistightened screw would have allowed potentially detectable electronic anomalies to occur on the exterior of the aircraft.

It is well known that certain composite materials also have good

radar absorbing properties. The F-117A Nighthawk had several

external components made from composites, including the trailing

edges and the tail fin. These composites also improved the components’ resistance to heat damage. The original metallic weapons

bay doors were also upgraded to a composite material.

While the feature article in this issue is not specifically related to

the F-117A or stealth technologies, it does provide an important

overview of nondestructive evaluations techniques that are used to

inspect composite components. Some of the technologies mentioned in the article were used to inspect the composite materials

on the Nighthawk, which had exhaustive maintenance requirements. More than one hundred hours of maintenance were spent

per hour of operation during the first several years of operation. [1]

Even with material and process upgrades, including the composite

materials and an automated painting system, maintenance of the

stealth aircraft remained a costly and time-consuming burden.

On April 22, 2008, the F-117A Nighthawk was retired by the

US Air Force. In a ceremony at Lockheed Martin’s Palmdale

facility, where the stealth aircraft was conceptualized and developed, employees signed their names on the weapons bay doors of

several of the Nighthawks.

Most of the aircraft remaining in the fleet were then put into

“recallable storage” at Tonopah Test Range, a secure facility in

Nevada. They after all are still among the most advanced stealth

aircraft in the world.

Ben Craig

Editor

[1] Sweetman, B., “Unconventional Weapon,” Air & Space Magazine,

January 1, 2008.

[2] Cunningham, J., “Cracks in the Black Dike Secrecy, the Media, and

the F-117A,” Airpower Journal, Fall 1991.

Photo by Senior Airman Stacey Durnen and provided courtesy of the US Air Force.

Why is the other side of this publication upside down? We are presenting two full issues of the AMMTIAC Quarterly combined into one.

So when you reach the middle of the publication, close it, flip on the vertical axis, and rotate 180 degrees to read the next issue!
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 3

INTRODUCTION

Fiber reinforced polymer composite materials continue to be used

in a large number of applications ranging from aerospace systems

to automotive, industrial and consumer products. The high

strength-to-weight ratio, good stiffness properties, inherent corrosion resistance, low electromagnetic reflectance, and the ability to

embed sensors and actuators have made fiber reinforced composites an attractive alternative material for primary aircraft structures.[1] In many other cases fiber reinforced polymer composite

materials are being developed and used to replace metal components, particularly those used in corrosive environments. Matrices

used in polymer composites are typically epoxy or polyester

resins, while examples of reinforcements are carbon, glass or

Kevlar®.* Typical aerospace applications for advanced composites are ultra-high-performance pressure vessels, rocket motor

cases, and launch tubes. Aeronautical applications include structural components such as fuselages, helicopter rotor blades and

external fuel tanks for combat aircraft. Commercial applications

cover a wide range of uses including bike frames, tennis rackets,

fuel containers used to store compressed natural gas for motor

vehicles, and high-performance tubular products used in the offshore oil and gas industry.

Because of their increasing utilization in structural applications, the nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of fiber reinforced

polymer composites continues to receive considerable attention

for research and development. Due to the heterogeneous nature

of composites, the form of defects is often very different from

those typically found in a metallic material, and the fracture

mechanisms are more complex.

Composite materials represent acoustically and thermally heterogeneous materials in which a variety of defects with different

dimensions may be formed. Typical defects of composite materials include fiber breaks, microcracks, delaminations, foreign

objects or contaminants, impact damage, and porosity or voids.

Fiber/matrix distribution, fiber waviness, and fiber orientation are

also important microstructural properties of composites. Many of

these defects or microstructural variations cause changes in the

acoustic attenuation and the speed of sound in composite materials. Consequently, ultrasonic testing is currently one of the most

frequently used methods for the NDE of polymer matrix composites (PMCs). Many of these defects and microstructural

changes also result in changes in the thermal properties of the

material, and thus thermography is also used to inspect PMCs.

TECHNIQUES FOR EVALUATING PROPERTIES AND

IDENTIFYING DEFECTS

Porosity

Porosity, in the form of distributed voids, is a perennial problem

in composite manufacturing, especially for laminated structures,

such as carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The term

porosity, as applied to composite laminates, generally refers to the

voids caused by the trapped air or the volatile gas that is released

during the cure process. The larger voids within a ply are usually

small and spherical. The size and shape and distribution of the

voids depend on the structure of the composite.

The presence of porosity has been shown to have a strong correlation with certain mechanical properties. Matrix-dominated

features, such as compressive strength, transverse tensile strength,

and interlaminar shear strength, are affected the most.[2, 3, 4] In

contrast, tensile strength properties, which are determined almost

exclusively by the fiber properties, are relatively unaffected by the

presence of porosity.

It has generally been found that the interlaminar shear strength

decreases by approximately 7% per 1% of voids up to a total void

content of about 4%. [5] Other mechanical properties are also

affected, although not to the same degree. A figure of 2% porosity has commonly become the nominal acceptance threshold for

many composite components. Research programs in NDE have

therefore concentrated on providing techniques that could detect

and measure porosity in the range of 1 to 5% by volume. An

NDE technique that could determine the level of porosity in a

composite laminate independent of other variables, such as pore

morphology and the fiber and matrix materials, would be ideal.

However, to date no single NDE method has been able to provide

this universal porosity meter.

Techniques for detecting porosity in composite materials may

be broadly categorized as one of the following: direct imaging,

correlation with a single ultrasonic frequency (narrowband

approach), or correlation with ultrasonic frequency slope (broadband approach). [6] Direct imaging of the porosity may be used

if the pore size is sufficiently large (greater than the resolution cell

size of the ultrasonic image). This technique may require additional image processing and can be difficult to quantify. Of the

two empirical correlation techniques, correlation of the frequency slope of the attenuation curve has been successfully demonstrated and has been widely applied. It has been demonstrated

experimentally that there is an approximately linear relation

George A. Matzkanin

H. Thomas Yolken

AMMTIAC

Rome, NY
4 The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4

between attenuation and frequency for porous graphite-epoxy

composites. There also appears to be an approximately linear variation of slope as a function of increasing void content.

Using the correlation between void content and the attenuation slope, void contents were ultrasonically determined and

compared with void contents that were determined destructively

by acid digestion. [2, 3] Figure 1 shows the results for nonwoven

carbon-epoxy laminates, and Figure 2 shows the results for

woven carbon epoxy laminates. It should be pointed out that the

good agreement for carbon epoxy laminates shown in Figure 2

was obtained using correlation constants determined from

carbon polyimide laminates. The matrix materials were different

as were the weave structures, which indicates that the method

is not very sensitive to material variability. In addition, the correlation constants established by using sets of thin coupons (2 to

3 mm) containing different amounts of voids were found to give

accurate void content estimates in much thicker coupons (up to

12.7 mm) as well.

Fiber/Matrix Distribution

The distribution of fibers and matrix (matrix distribution) is critical to the performance of a composite structure. Knowledge of

the size and location of matrix-rich pockets and of matrix-starved

regions provides important information that can be used in finite

element codes to calculate performance influences. Ultrasonic

pulse-echo C-scan imaging has been used to evaluate a 64-ply

graphite-epoxy composite sample.[7] The fiber and matrix components react differently to ultrasonic energy. While the fibers

reflect the energy, the matrix tends to absorb some of the energy.

Although the differences may be subtle, advanced image enhancing techniques aid in the determination of matrix-rich or matrix

starved areas in the scanned specimen. Because of these subtle differences in absorption and the advanced imaging techniques

required, this technique has not been routinely used in the field.

Fiber Volume Fraction

A composite’s strength is determined partly by the interaction

between the fiber and the matrix. Since the matrix distributes the

load onto and between the fibers, it is important to know the

respective volume amounts (volume fraction) of the fiber and

matrix. It has been shown that fiber volume fraction in carbon

fiber PMCs can be nondestructively measured using cold neutron

prompt gamma activation analysis (PGAA). Fiber volume determination is accomplished in this technique by measuring and

comparing the hydrogen and carbon content in a given sample.

Their results were compared to the gold standard determination of

fiber volume fraction, which is a destructive acid digestion test,

and the comparison was in good agreement. Fiber volume measurement using PGAA can potentially be applied to any composite

where the composition of the matrix and reinforcement differ.The

technique is also spatially sensitive, with the resolution limited by

the dimensions of the neutron beam. This technique is still in the

research phase and has not been used routinely in the field.

Fiber Orientation

In the flow molding of discontinuous fiber polymer composites,

the flow process causes orientation of the fibers in the part. The

orientation of the fibers must be known and carefully controlled

to take full advantage of the flow molding process. A small variation in the ply orientation will cause a reduction in the stiffness of

a composite laminate. For example, a variation of 10 degrees in the

ply orientation can reduce the stiffness by approximately 30%.

Ultrasonic polar scans have been used to nondestructively determine the fiber orientation of carbon fiber carbon matrix composites.[9] Figure 3 shows a schematic of an ultrasonic polar scan

where the amplitude of the transmitted beam is determined for

many different angles. This polar scan technique, which has not

been routinely used in the field, has also been shown to be useful

in determining volume fraction and porosity in composites.[9]

Fiber Waviness

Fiber waviness can be viewed as the through-thickness

undulation of fibers in a thick section composite; this is a defect

that is often introduced during the manufacturing process.

All of the NDE techniques based on ultrasonic, eddy current

and X-ray radiography are still works-in-progress and have

Figure 1. Comparison of Ultrasonically Determined Void Content

in Carbon-Epoxy Laminates Made from Unidirectional Prepregs

with Void Content Determined by Acid Digestion.[2, 3]

Figure 2. Comparison of Ultrasonically Determined Void Contents

in Woven Carbon-Epoxy Laminates with Those Determined by

Acid Digestion.[2, 3]

1 23 4 5

Porosity Volume Fraction (%) by Acid Digestion 123 4 5 6

Percent Porosity (by Acid Digestion)

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

5

4

3

2

1

0

Percent Porosity (by Attentuation Slope)

Porosity Volume Fraction (%) by Attentuation Slope
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 5

major limitations in obtaining quantitative information when

used to inspect PMCs for fiber waviness.

Delaminations

Fiber reinforced PMCs are widely used as the critical structural

components for applications in many different industries. In

most of these applications, delamination between the fiber plies is

one of the most serious types of flaws that can occur.

Delamination can occur when contaminated prepreg is used during lay up. It can also occur during use as a result of impact damage, fatigue or erosion. Delamination can affect the structural

integrity of the composite by reducing the compressive strength

and the mechanical stiffness. In addition, structural integrity can

be severely compromised by delaminations that cause a reduction

of material thickness attached to a sub-structure. Delamination is

sometimes referred to as a crack-like discontinuity between plies

and it may propagate during use due to mechanical or thermal

loads. In the worst case, a delamination may propagate and cause

fracture of the material. Therefore, the nondestructive evaluation

of delaminations is very important in both the manufacture and

in-service sustainment of these materials.

A number of NDE techniques have been widely used to detect

delaminations. Techniques that are well established include visual inspection, tap testing, resonance methods, ultrasonic testing,

thermography, eddy current testing, and x-ray radiography.

However, inspection of composites is a difficult task due to their

multi-layered structure, anisotropy and heterogeneity, and inspection with current techniques can still be a difficult task. Newer

techniques such as shearography have shown great promise and

have found widespread use, but shearography is relatively costly

and therefore not likely to meet all needs. Therefore, research and

development to improve the usefulness and capability of NDE for

detecting and characterizing delaminations is continuing.

Inspection of composite structures for naval applications has

been reported in literature.[10] In one such report, researchers

used a Leaky Lamb wave approach to detect kissing disbonds and

delaminations in composite panels. In Figure 4 on the left is a

photograph of a composite sample with an artificially created

delamination; on the right is a Leaky Lamb Wave scan of this

region. Away from the delamination, the reflected spectrum is

normal; when the delamination comes into view, a minimum

intensity appears in the center of the spectrum. This method and

others are being investigated by the Navy for the detection of a

variety of defect conditions in composite materials. Figure 5

shows two examples in which a significant amount of composite

materials were used in naval structures. [11]

Impact Damage

Nondestructive evaluation of impact damage in PMCs is an

important issue for designers and maintainers of components or

systems that utilize these materials. It is not uncommon for

composite structures to have substantial subsurface damage from

foreign object impact without exhibiting any visible surface damage. With the ever-increasing use of PMCs for primary and

secondary aircraft structures, a major concern for the designer is

the knowledge of the effect of impact damage on the residual

Figure 3. In a Polar Scan, the Target Spot

is Impinged at Constant Distance from all

Possible Angles (φ, θ).[9]

Figure 4. Photograph of Composite Sample with Artificially Created Delamination Showing

Schematically Where the Lamb Wave Scan Was Performed. The Corresponding Scan

Shows the Good Region (Red) and Delaminated Region (Light Blue). [10] (Reprinted with

permission from the Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering

(SAMPE))

Figure 5. Composite Materials in Naval Structures: (a) USS

Arleigh Burke (DDG 51) with Composite Forward Director’s

Room; (b) USS Radford (DD 968) Underway with Advanced

Enclosed Mast Sensor System.[11]

(a)

(b)

Leaky Lamb Wave Scan of Sample 2 0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60

Position X of Scanning (mm)

Frequency (MHz)

Emitter

Receiver

Composite Laminate

n

θ

φ
6 The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4

structural performance of these materials. The capability of NDE

methodology to locate and characterize impact damage, combined with the ability of the structural engineer to predict the

residual strength of damaged structures, is of major importance in

terms of having an effective damage tolerant design and providing tools for in-service inspection.

Several NDE techniques provide for a rapid, whole field or

wide-angle view of composite structures to locate potential

impact damage. These techniques include various types of

thermography, electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI),

and laser shearography. There are also NDE techniques that

are slower and have a smaller field of view but have a greater capability for quantifying the impact damage. These techniques

include various types of ultrasonics and thermography.

One particular study surveyed advances in the NDE of

aerospace composites and the NDE techniques that are being

evaluated and applied by Boeing.[12] One system, which is

commercially available, provides an automated means of

inspecting components. The system can be used on composite

structures to detect delamination, bondline flaws, and

cracks.[12] The automated scanner system is capable of using

a variety of sensors including resonance NDE, pulse echo

NDE, eddy current and microwave.

In addition, new and greatly improved air-coupled transducers are now available for ultrasonic inspection without the need

to use water or gel as a couplant. However, there is a loss in resolution due to the lower frequencies used to obtain sufficient

energy for air-coupled ultrasonics, which are needed in order to

be effective.

A number of very practical NDE techniques have been developed at Iowa State University to inspect polymer composite aircraft

structures. These techniques include a computer-aided tap tester

(CATT), shown in Figure 6, which is a simple, instrumented

version of the coin tap test used throughout the aircraft industry.

It has been shown that ultrasonic Lamb waves are useful for

detecting impact damage through the entire thickness of a composite plate in a single interrogation. This method is capable of

being used in a structural health monitoring (SHM) mode to

detect impact damage in plate like carbon fiber epoxy aircraft

structures. The piezoelectric sensors for this system were integrated onto the aircraft structure (a portion of an Airbus outboard flap) by using a bonding agent.

CONCLUSIONS

The major NDE methods currently in use for inspecting PMCs

are ultrasonics, thermography, and shearography. X-ray radiography also is used in specific applications where contrast between

components is sufficient (e.g., honeycomb structures), and

acoustic emission is used when loading to induce defect growth is

an option. There is excellent NDE capability for inspecting flat

plate laminates and skin-stiffened laminates. However, the NDE

capability for inspecting parts with complex curvature is reduced

because of the difficulty of the inspection. Inspection of composite joints/fasteners/adhesive bonds is also a more difficult inspection problem.

Unfortunately, NDE inspection results for composites can be

difficult to interpret because of a lack of information on defect

type and size criteria (accept/reject criteria) from the designer or

structural engineer. Even when accept/reject criteria are available

for a specific composite application, there is usually a lack of

general information relating NDE test results to quantitative flaw

size and type. This information can be determined by relating

NDE test results to specific, known flaw sizes and types in test

samples that are very similar to the actual composite part.

However, obtaining the test samples and NDE data for this type

of effort can be quite expensive and time-consuming.

Table 1 summarizes the current NDE capability for PMCs.

Although ultrasonic testing has a wide range of applicability,

inspections can be slow compared to the wide view, fast scan techniques of shearography and thermography. There is currently no

field ready NDE capability for fiber orientation/waviness,

although research is underway.

As a result of the emergence of NDE capability for composites,

there is a notable effort underway in ASTM Committee E.07 on

NDE to develop and promulgate a Standard Guide and Standard

Practices on NDE of aerospace composites. The Standard Guide

and Standard Practices for flat plate laminate composites (for

ultrasonic, X-ray radiography, thermography, shearography, and

acoustic emission) are in various stages of being completed and

promulgated, with the major effort done by ASTM Committee

E.07’s Working Goup on NDE of Aerospace Standards.

NOTE & REFERENCES

* Kevlar is a registered trademark of the E.I. du Pont de Nemours and

Company.

[1] Eihusen, J.A. and A.R. Peters, “Characterization of the Transverse

Thermal Conductivity of Intraply Hybrid Composite Laminates,”

Proceedings of the 1999 31st International SAMPE Technical Conference:

Advanced Materials and Processes Preparing for the New Millennium,

Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering

(SAMPE), 1999, pp. 211-220.

[2] Hsu, K., M. Uhl, B. Lucht, H. Jeong, and D.K. Hsu, “Mechanical

Strength Degradation of Graphite Fiber Reinforced Thermoset

Figure 6. CATT System in Use on the Composite Mast of a ship. [13]

Table 1. NDE Capability for Various Defect Types.

NDE Method Impact Damage Delaminations Voids/Porosity Inclusions

Shearography Yes Yes Limited Limited

Thermography Yes Yes Limited Yes

Ultrasonics Yes Yes Yes Yes
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 7

Composites Due to Porosity,” Review of Progress in QNDE, edited by

D.O. Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, 7B, 1988, pp. 107-1082.

[3] Hsu, D., “Ultrasonic Nondestructive Evaluation of Void Content in

CFRP,” Proceedings of the 46th Annual Technical Conference, Society of

Plastics Engineers, 1988, pp. 1273-1275.

[4] Hsu, D.K., “Ultrasonic Methods for Evaluating Porosity Content

and Mechanical Strength of CFRP Laminates,” ASNT Spring Conference:

Fourth Annual Research Symposium, NDE of Composites and Composite

Materials, American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), 1995,

p. 223.

[5] Judd, N.C.W. and W.W. Wright, “Voids and their Effects on the

Mechanical Properties of Composites – an Appraisal,” SAMPE Journal,

Jan/Feb 1978, pp. 10-14.

[6] McRae, K.I. and C.A. Zala, “Attenuation and Porosity Estimation

Using the Frequency-Independent Parameter Q,” Review of Progress in

Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 14A, edited by D.O.

Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, 1995, pp. 703-710.

[7] Steiner, K.V., “Defect Classifications in Composites Using Ultrasonic

Nondestructive Evaluation Techniques,” Damage Detection in Composite

Materials, STP 1128, edited by J. E. Masters, American Society for

Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1992, pp. 72-84.

[8] Dorsey, D.J., R. Hebner, and W.S. Charlton, “Nondestructive Evaluation of Carbon Fiber Composite Reinforcement Content,” Journal of

Composite Materials, Vol. 38, No. 17, 2004, pp. 1505-1519.

[9] Degrieck, J., N.F. Declercq, and O. Roy, “Ultrasonic Polar Scans as a

Possible Means of Nondestructive Testing and Characterization of

Composite Plates,” Insight 45, Vol. 3, 2003, pp. 196-201.

[10] Lipetzky, K.G. and B.G. Bandos, “Composite Structures and

Adhesive Joints: NDE Techniques for Naval Applications,” SAMPE

Journal, Vol. 39, No. 5, September/October 2003.

[11] Camponeschi, E.T., R. Crane, K. Lipetzky and B. Bandos, “The

Role and Use of Nondestructive Testing for US Navy Composite Ship

Structures,” Materials Evaluation, July 2007, pp. 752-758.

[12] Georgeson, G., “Recent Advances in Aerospace Composite NDE,”

NDE and Health Monitoring of Aerospace Materials and Civil

Infrastructures, A.L. Gyekenyesi, S.M. Shepard, D.R. Huston, A. Emin

Aktan, P.J. Shull, Editors, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 4704, 2002, pp. 104-

115.

[13] Barnard, D.J. and D.K. Hsu, “Development of Practical NDE

Methods for Composite Aircraft Structures,” CP820, Review of

Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 25, edited by D.O.

Thompson and D.E. Chimenti, 2006, pp. 1019-1026.

[14] Monnier, T., “Lamb Waves-based Impact Damage Monitoring in a

Stiffened Aircraft Panel Using Piezoelectric Transducers,” Journal of

Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Vol. 17, May 2006, pp. 411-

421.

Dr. George A. Matzkanin is the Nondestructive Evaluation and Testing (NDE/T) Technical Director for

AMMTIAC. For 20 years, Dr. Matzkanin served as the Director of NTIAC, one of AMMTIAC’s predecessor IACs.

In his new role with AMMTIAC, Dr. Matzkanin provides oversight and support for technical inquiries, information

collection, analysis, and dissemination of NDE/T related information. Furthermore, as a recognized leader in this

field, he helps to promote the transfer of government developed NDE/NDT technology. Dr. Matzkanin has 36

years of experience in NDE/T and materials technology with 19 years at Southwest Research Institute and

the remainder at Texas Research Institute/Austin. His experience includes the investigation, development and application of ultrasonic techniques for the NDE of adhesive bonds and composites; robotic, nondestructive, magnetic

flux leakage inspection system for large diameter steel bridge cables; nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) for the

NDE of composites and polymers; and practical NMR instrumentation systems for the detection of explosives and

narcotics in letters and baggage. Dr. Matzkanin is author or co-author of more than 100 technical publications and

presentations; has three patents; is Fellow of the American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT); and is

Chairman of the ASNT Technical Publications Division. Dr. Matzkanin received a B.S. in Physics from St. Mary’s

College, an M.S. and a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Florida, and an M.B.A. from Trinity University.

Dr. H. Thomas Yolken is a Principal Scientist with Texas Research Institute/Austin. For nearly 35 years

Dr. Yolken worked at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), where his assignments included:

Start-Up Manager and Chief of the Office of Intelligent Processing of Materials, Chief of the Office of

Nondestructive Evaluation, Start-Up Manager and Chief of the Office of Measurements for Nuclear Technology,

Deputy Chief of the Office of Standard Reference Materials, and Senior Research Scientist in the Metallurgy

Division. He also served as Manager, Materials Processing Programs, for Science Applications International

Corporation; was a Congressional Science Fellow in the US House of Representatives; and was a founding

member of the US Government Senior Executive Service. Dr. Yolken received a Ph.D. in Materials Science and

Engineering from the University of Maryland and has published more than 60 technical papers on NDE, materials

processing, materials measurement standards, nuclear energy measurement technology, and corrosion. He was

also the founding Editor-In-Chief of the American Society for Nondestructive Testing journal, Research in

Nondestructive Evaluation. Dr. Yolken received the US Department of Commerce Bronze Metal (1985), the NIST

Slichter Technology Award (1993) and the US National Laboratory Consortium Technology Transfer Award

(1994).

Do you have comments or questions about this article?

Contact us at: http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/contact
8 The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4

The NDE Wave & Image Processor Software Provides Advanced

Signal and Image Processing, Analysis, and Visualization Capability

to NDE & Health Monitoring Engineers and Scientists.

NASA Glenn Research has developed and released for distribution the NDE Wave & Image Processor software to

allow display, processing, and analysis of NDE and

health monitoring waveform- and image-based

data. The software is wholly focused on the NDE

professional but it can also be used with other

applications such as for signal processing of RF signals and for image processing of many types of

images and image series, including those metallographic- and medically-based. This software offers

the user advanced wavelet-based technologies for

both signal and image processing in addition to

many other conventional and advanced capabilities. The capabilities are provided in a useable commercial-grade graphical user

interface. The software will be especially useful for broadband

waveform-based scan data such as that from ultrasonic, terahertz,

microwave and radar methods. Additionally, image and image

series data such as that from computed tomography, thermography, shearography, and acoustography can be opened and

processed. The NDE Wave & Image Processor software includes

an 80-page user manual and example data sets to allow the

user to become familiar with the software

operation prior to obtaining test data.

The software, data sets, and associated

documentation are bundled together in a

.zip file and can be downloaded free of charge

from http://technology.grc.nasa.gov/software.

It is required to be a US citizen to download.

Please contact Dr. Don J. Roth at

Donald.J.Roth@nasa.gov or 216.433.6017

for more information.

When requesting the download at the above

link, you will be asked for your contact information to

verify US citizenship. Once that is verified, you will be given

permission to download the NDE Wave & Image Processor.zip

file. Unzip the .zip file using Winzip, which will provide a main

‘NDE Wave & Image Processor-Installer’ folder. To install, go to

the ‘Volume’ subfolder, and then open and follow the instructions in the readme file found in the ‘Volume’ subfolder.
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 9

Benjamin D. Craig

AMMTIAC

Rome, NY

techsolutions 7

The IAC Program – A National Resource

This year the Department of Defense (DoD) will spend approximately $75.1 billion on research, development, testing, and evaluation (RDT&E), according to the FY2008 DoD Budget.[1]

Supporting a vast array of research efforts with this high level of

funding naturally results in the generation of an extensive amount

of scientific and technical information. So how does the DoD make

sure that there is minimal duplication of effort? Moreover, how does

the department ensure that the research results are preserved and

also shared among scientists and engineers? Finally, how does the

DoD ensure that collaboration between groups, organizations, and

subject matter experts takes place whenever possible?

The challenges presented by these questions are met head on by

the DoD’s Information Analysis Center (IAC) program. The DoD

has nineteen separate IACs and several key, centralized systems dedicated to serving the entire DoD RDT&E community. The mission

of the program is to provide comprehensive technical and information support to researchers, scientists, engineers and program managers. This article will provide an overview of the various functions

of the IACs and the IAC program, as well as the resources available

to the community, many of which are free.

THE IAC PROGRAM – A NATIONAL RESOURCE

The DoD’s IAC Program, an institution that has been operating in

various forms for more than 65 years, supports nearly all types of

RDT&E efforts. The program also preserves and maintains the scientific and technical information that documents the achievements,

advancements and lessons learned of the RDT&E community. The

IAC Program also helps to drive the development, advancement,

and transfer of technology.

About the IAC Program

The IAC Program is configured to be a resource for researchers,

engineers, scientists, and program managers working on or supporting the DoD in almost any capacity. IACs are research and analysis

organizations chartered to focus their efforts in strategic technology

areas. The Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC), which

operates under the policy guidance of the Office of the Secretary of

Defense, Research and Engineering (DDR&E), is the premier

provider of DoD technical information and is responsible for ten

contractor-operated IACs. The other nine IACs are managed

through other DoD initiatives. Table 1 provides a list of the ten

DTIC IACs and Table 2 displays the other nine DoD IACs. DTIC

supports the warfighter by leveraging the billions of dollars invested

in defense scientific and technology research to quickly provide

access to relevant information and to prevent redundant research

from being performed.

The IAC Mission

The mission of DTIC’s IAC program is two-fold. Firstly, IACs

enable quick access to worldwide scientific and technical information to improve the productivity of personnel in the defense science

and technology communities. The IACs accomplish this mission by

collecting, analyzing, synthesizing, and disseminating relevant

information in clearly-defined and structured subject areas.

Secondly, the IACs serve their respective fields by providing technical services and solutions. With the staff’s competency in working

with customers to define requirements and then employing their

skills in data analysis, they can develop those customized solutions

needed to address critical defense problems.

Granting Researchers Rapid Access to Technical Information and Reducing Duplication of Effort

Table 1. IACs Sponsored by DoD and Managed by DTIC.

AMMTIAC Advanced Materials, Manufacturing,

and Testing IAC http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/

CBRNIAC Chemical, Biological, Radiological

and Nuclear Defense IAC http://www.cbrniac.apgea.army.mil/

CPIAC Chemical Propulsion IAC http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/

DACS The Data & Analysis Center for Software http://www.thedacs.com/

IATAC Information Assurance Technology

Analysis Center http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/

MSIAC Modeling and Simulation IAC http://www.dod-msiac.org/

RIAC Reliability IAC

SENSIAC Military Sensing IAC http://www.sensiac.gatech.edu/

SURVIAC Survivability/Vulnerability IAC http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/

WSTIAC Weapons Systems Technology IAC http://wstiac.alionscience.com/

Table 2. IACs Sponsored by Military

Organizations and Agencies.

APMIAC Airfields, Pavements,

and Mobility IAC

CEIAC Coastal Engineering Defense IAC

CRSTIAC Cold Regions Science and

Technology IAC

CTIAC Concrete Technology IAC

DTRIAC Defense Threat Reduction IAC

EIAC Environmental IAC

HEIAC Hydraulic Engineering IAC

SAVIAC Shock and Vibration IAC

SMIAC Soil Mechanics IAC
10 The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4

Free engineering services and technical

support

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/experts

Free technical journal

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/quarterly

Free subscription to the AMMTIAC eNews

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/subscribe

Library database search

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/resources/library.html

Customized training

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/contact

Materials and processes resource locator

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/ammt/matpro.do

National Materials Information System

http://namis.alionscience.com/

Critical reviews & technology assessments, databooks/databases, handbooks,

state-of-the-art reports

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/

ammt/products.do

Corrosion prevention and control

handbook

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/pdf/

Corrosion_Hdbk_S2.pdf

techsolutions 7

IAC RESOURCES – INFORMATION AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT

Advanced Materials, Manufacturing & Testing Technology

AMMTIAC

Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Defense Technology

CBRNIAC

Table 3. CBRNIAC Provides Information and Technical Support in a Number of Areas.

Analysis of Manufacturing Processes for

Nuclear, Biological and Chemical

(NBC) Defense Systems

Chemical and Physical Properties of CB

Defense Materials

Chemical Identification

Combat Effectiveness

Counterproliferation

Counterterrorism

Decontamination

Defense Conversion and Dual-Use

Technology Transfer

Demilitarization

Domestic Preparedness / Homeland

Security

Environmental Fate and Effects

Force Protection

Individual and Collective Protection

International Technology Proliferation

and Arms Control

Medical Effects and Treatment

Nuclear, Biological and Chemical

Survivability

Radiological and Nuclear Defense

Smoke and Obscurants

Toxic Industrial Chemicals and Toxic

Industrial Materials

Toxicology

Treaty Verification and Compliance

Warning and Identification

Free engineering services and technical support

http://www.cbrniac.apgea.army.mil/info/

inquiry.php

Free newsletter:

http://www.cbrniac.apgea.army.mil/products/

newsletters.php

Critical reviews, technical assessments,

databooks/databases, handbooks,

state-of-the-art reports

http://www.cbrniac.apgea.army.mil/products/

Key CBRN defense documents

http://www.cbrniac.apgea.army.mil/links/

documents.php

Chemical Propulsion Technology

CPIAC

Government-sponsored propulsion computer codes http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/templates/cpiacTemplate/products/index.php?action=comp_codes

Chemical propulsion databases http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/templates/cpiacTemplate/products/index.php?action=databases

Free current awareness newsletter

http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/templates/cpiacTemplate/products/index.php?action=bulletins

Propulsion handbooks and manuals

http://www.cpia.jhu.edu/templates/cpiacTemplate/products/index.php?action=publications
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 11

Hardware items (propulsion systems):

Solid propellant

Liquid engine

Hybrid

Airbreathing

Electrical

Nuclear

Propulsion system components:

Cases

Nozzles

Thrust vector control/thrust magnitude

control systems

Gas generators

Propellant grains

Insulators

Restrictors

Liners

Primers

Igniters

Injectors

Baffles

Fuel management systems

Propellant tanks

Turbo pumps

Thrust chambers

Ramburners

Flame holders

Inlets

Electrodes

Gun tubes and breeches

Propellant actuated devices

Propellants

Fuels

Inert materials

Energetic ingredients

Technologies:

Ingredient synthesis

Manufacturing, fabrication, processing,

and characterization

Thermochemistry

Steady-state, transient, unstable, subsonic

and supersonic combustion

Detonation

Physical, chemical, thermodynamic,

mechanical, and ballistic properties of

oxidizers, binders, plasticizers, stabilizers,

burning rate modifiers, propellants, fuels,

pyrotechnics, and explosives

Interior and terminal ballistics

Fluid dynamics

Reacting flows

Analytical and diagnostic test procedures

Performance prediction and measurement

Health management, monitoring and

control; nondestructive evaluation

Service life

Reliability

Life-cycle costs

Safety

Occupational and explosive hazards

Insensitive munitions

Environmental protection

Exhaust plume flow fields and signatures

Propellant processing and manufacturing

Structural integrity and reliability analysis

and verification

Mechanical behavior and characterization

Thermal analysis and heat transfer

AMMTIAC A D V A N C E D M A T E R I A L S , M A N U F A C T U R I N G A N D T E S T I N G

Software Technology

DACS

Table 5. DACS Provides Information and Technical Support in a Number of Areas.

Software acquisition

Agile development

Software architecture

Assessment of reuse risks and costs

Binary quality gates at the inch-pebble level

CASE

Cleanroom software engineering

Client/server architectures

Collaborative software engineering

Commercial specifications and

standards/open systems

Configuration management

Data mining/warehousing

Distributed object technology

Track earned value

Expert network

Grid computing

High performance computing Interoperability

Intranets

Integrated product and process

development

Knowledge management

Object oriented technologies

Process improvement

Programming languages

Software quality

Rapid prototyping

Software reliability

Requirements management

Requirements, trade-offs/negotiations

Reuse of software assets

Risk management

Computer security

Statistical process control

Technology insertion

Model based testing

Software testing

XML

Software engineering bibliographic database

https://www.thedacs.com/databases/sebd/

search.php

Software technology newsletter

https://www.softwaretechnews.com/

Technical reports https://www.thedacs.com/techs/

On-site and distance training

https://www.thedacs.com/training/

Table 4. CPIAC Provides Information and Technical Support in a Number of Areas.
12 The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4

techsolutions 7

Free technical inquiry service

http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/inquiries.html

Information assurance training

http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/training.html

Information assurance newsletter

http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/IA_newsletter.jsp

Information assurance digest

http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/IA_digest.html

Information assurance technical reports

http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/reports.jsp

Commercial innovation and integration interface

http://iac.dtic.mil/iatac/cii.html

Information Assurance Technology

IATAC

MSIAC Journal

http://www.dod-msiac.org/journals.html

Answers to modeling and simulation

inquiries http://www.dod-msiac.org/helpdesk.html

M&S University

http://education.dod-msiac.org/

High level architecture compliance testing

http://hlatest.dod-msiac.org:8080/ftms/index.jsp

Verification, validation, & accreditation recommended

practices guide

http://vva.dmso.mil/

State-of-the-art reports

http://www.dod-msiac.org/soars.html

M&S resource repository

http://www.msrr.dmso.mil/

Base Object Models (BOMs) software http://www.dod-msiac.org/BOMworks.html

M&S glossary

http://www.dod-msiac.org/pdfs/Glossary/DoD5000.59M.pdf

M&S newsletter

http://www.dod-msiac.org/newsletters.html

Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Technology

MSIAC

RIAC user forum

http://www.theriac.org/forum/

Reliability training

http://www.theriac.org/productsandservices/training/

Reliability and maintenance library

http://www.theriac.org/riacapps/library/

Current awareness periodical

http://www.theriac.org/riacapps/journal/

Reliability products and software tools

http://www.theriac.org/riacapps/search/

Reliability Journal

http://www.theriac.org/riacapps/journal/

Reliability

RIAC

Table 6. RIAC Provides

Information and Technical

Support in Several Areas.

Reliability

Maintainability

Quality

Supportability

Interoperability
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 13

Technical inquiry service

http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/inquiry.aspx

Models & simulations http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/models.htm

AIRADE – Airborne Radar Detection Model

ALARM – Advanced Low Altitude Radar Model

BLUEMAX – Variable Airspeed Flight Path Generator

BRAWLER – Air-to-Air Combat Simulation

BRL-CAD – Ballistic Research Laboratory Computer-Aided

Design Package

COVART – Computation of Vulnerable Area and Repair Time

DIME – Digital Integrated Modeling Environment

ESAMS – Enhanced Surface-to-Air Missile Simulation

FASTGEN – Fast Shotline Generator

FATEPEN – Fast Air Target Encounter Penetration Program

IVIEW 2000 – Graphical User Interface for Output Simulation

JSEM – Joint Service Endgame Model

LELAWS – Low Energy Laser Weapons Simulation

MIL AASPEM – Man-in-the-Loop Air-to-Air System Performance

Evaluation Model

RADGUNS – Radar-Directed Gun System Simulation

TRAP – Trajectory Analysis Program

TRACES – TerrainTerrain/Rotorcraft Air Combat Evaluation

Simulation

Laser reference library

http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/laserlib.htm

Survavibility/vulnerability library

http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/s_v_library.htm

Vehicle signature library

http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/vsig.htm

SURVIAC databases

http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/

Desert Storm Combat Database

Joint Live Fire/Live Fire Test Information System

Just Cause

ACFTDAB (Southeast Asia Fixed-Wing Aircraft Database)

HELODAB (Southeast Asia Rotary-Wing Aircraft Database)

GNDVEHSEADB (Southeast Asia Ground Vehicle Database)

Yom Kippur

Aircraft survivability journal

http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/asnews.htm

SURVIAC E-News http://www.bahdayton.com/surviac/enews.htm

AMMTIAC A D V A N C E D M A T E R I A L S , M A N U F A C T U R I N G A N D T E S T I N G

Military Sensor Technology

SENSIAC

Table 7. SENSIAC Provides Information and Technical Support in a Number of Areas.

Air acoustic, seismic, magnetic, electric field

and gravitational sensors and related

technologies

Aroma sensors and related technologies

Camouflage, concealment and deception

EO/IR and RF countermeasures

Laser-based systems for sensing and energy

projection

Missile defense technologies

Optical and infrared materials and detectors

passive optical, electro-optical, UV, and

infrared sensors and seekers and their

supporting technologies

Radar and passive RF systems and

related technologies

Sensor and data fusion

Signal and communications sensing

Underwater acoustics

Unexploited observables

X-ray, chemical, and other sensing

for homeland defense

Free technical inquiry service

https://www.sensiac.gatech.edu/external/

services/inquiries/inquiry_intro.jsf

Training courses https://www.sensiac.gatech.edu/external/ education/courses/list_courses.jsf

Calculators https://www.sensiac.gatech.edu/external/ resources/list_calculators.jsf

Survivability & Vulnerability Technology

SURVIAC
14 The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4

DTIC offers a centralized digital repository of the IAC library

holdings to provide researchers, scientists, engineers, and program

managers with quick and easy access to scientific and technical

information. The Total Electronic Migration System (TEMS) is

designed to preserve valuable data and technical information

created under the DoD’s RDT&E efforts. TEMS also helps to

reduce duplication of effort as researchers can use the powerful

search tools to find information that is relevant to their project.

Finding similar projects in literature allows ongoing programs to

avoid performing work that’s already been done and thereby realize a significant cost savings.

Are you generating new scientific and technical information? Help AMMTIAC help the DoD avoid duplication of effort.

Send in your technical reports and AMMTIAC will upload them

to DTIC’s TEMS on your behalf. Or if you have valuable legacy

information, AMMTIAC will digitize it and upload it to TEMS

to be preserved for future researchers. To get started, contact us at:

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/contact

techsolutions 7

Table 6. WSTIAC Provides Information and Technical

Support in a Number of Areas.

Power & Energy

Lethality

Command & Control

Non-Lethal Weapons

Weapon Systems & Munitions Readiness, & Asset

Visibility

Target Identification & Engagement

Asymmetric & Irregular Warfare

IED Defeat

Embedded Training Systems

Capabilities, Effectiveness, & Requirements Analyses

Training program

http://wstiac.alionscience.com/wstiac/training.do

Ask an expert

http://wstiac.alionscience.com/experts

Free technical journal and eNews

http://wstiac.alionscience.com/quarterly

GENEric Smart Indirect Fire Simulation

http://wstiac.alionscience.com/products/GENESIS.html

Library database

http://wstiac.alionscience.com/resources/library.html

DoD dictionary of military and associated terms

http://wstiac.alionscience.com/pdf/dodmilitarydictionary.pdf

Weapon Systems Technology

WSTIAC

TEMS – Reducing Duplication of Effort

DONATE

PRESERVE

SHARE

Whatever the circumstance, whether you’re retiring, changing careers, or just cleaning your office, don’t let your work

become part of a landfill – DONATE your technical documents, reference books and journals to AMMTIAC

and we will PRESERVE the invaluable and irreplaceable research data. Your technical literature will then be

SHARED with qualified researchers around the nation. As part of an ongoing project, eligible documents will

be made available online, allowing researchers ready access to valuable technical data and information.

Start preserving your work; for more information call 315.339.7117 or inquire online:

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/contact

ABOUT TOTAL ELECTRONIC MIGRATION SYSTEM (TEMS)

TEMS provides real-time access to Scientific and Technical Information. Qualified DTIC users may access

over 100,000 PDFs and 1,000,000 citations – and registering is free. For more information, visit TEMS

https://tems-iac.dtic.mil

ABOUT AMMTIAC’S LIBRARY

The AMMTIAC library and database contains nearly 300,000 reports, standards, journal articles, symposium

papers, and other documents covering the spectrum of materials, manufacturing and testing technologies.

Perform a literature search online http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/resources/library.html

REFERENCE

[1] http://www.defenselink.mil/comptroller/defbudget/fy2008/2008_Budget_Rollout_Release.pdf
http://ammtiac.alionscience.com The AMMTIAC Quarterly, Volume 2, Number 4 15

AMMTIAC Directory

TECHNICAL MANAGER/COR

Dr. Lewis E. Sloter II

Associate Director, Materials & Structures

ODUSD(S&T)/Weapons Systems

1777 North Kent Street, Ste 9030

Arlington, VA 22209-2110

703.588.7400, Fax: 703.696.2230

Email: lewis.sloter@osd.mil

AMMTIAC DEPUTY DIRECTOR

Christian E. Grethlein, P.E.

201 Mill Street

Rome, NY 13440-6916

315.339.7009, Fax: 315.339.7107

Email: cgrethlein@alionscience.com

MATERIALS TECHNICAL DIRECTOR

Jeffrey D. Guthrie

201 Mill Street

Rome, NY 13440-6916

315.339.7058, Fax: 315.339.7107

Email: jguthrie@alionscience.com

DEFENSE TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTER

(DTIC) POC

Melinda Rozga, DTIC-I

8725 John J. Kingman Road, Ste 0944

Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060-6218

703.767.9122, Fax: 703.767.9119

Email: mrozga@dtic.mil

CONTRACTS FACILITATOR

Judy E. Tallarino

201 Mill Street

Rome, NY 13440-6916

315.339.7092, Fax: 315.339.7107

Email: jtallarino@alionscience.com

MANUFACTURING TECHNICAL DIRECTOR

Christian E. Grethlein, P.E.

201 Mill Street

Rome, NY 13440-6916

315.339.7009, Fax: 315.339.7107

Email: cgrethlein@alionscience.com

AMMTIAC DIRECTOR

Micheal J. Morgan

201 Mill Street

Rome, NY 13440-6916

937.431.9322 x103, Fax: 315.339.7107

Email: mmorgan@alionscience.com

TECHNICAL INQUIRY SERVICES MANAGER

Richard A. Lane

201 Mill Street

Rome, NY 13440-6916

315.339.7097, Fax: 315.339.7107

Email: rlane@alionscience.com

NON-DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION

AND TESTING TECHNICAL DIRECTOR

Dr. George A. Matzkanin

3096 Stevens Circle South

Erie, CO 80516

303.926.0582, Fax: 303.774.0652

Email: gmatzkanin@tri-austin.com

answers materials, manufacturing, and testing questions

C A L L : 315.3 39. 7090

E M A I L : ammt i a c@a l i o n s c i e n c e . c om

O R

V I S I T : http : //ammt i a c . a l i o n s c i e n c e . c om/ e x p e r ts

AMMTIAC

For a listing of upcoming materials, manufacturing & testing related events, please visit our website:

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/calendar

AMMTIAC ACQUIRES USAF AGING AIRCRAFT LIBRARY

The Air Force is in the process of closing their Aging Aircraft office, which is located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, but the

information developed and collected under the auspices of the program will be preserved in AMMTIAC’s library and made accessible in

order to support future researchers. AMMTIAC worked with the Aging Aircraft office to identify, collect, and save these critical legacy

documents. The selected documents cover a wide variety of efforts conducted by the Air Force’s Aging Aircraft office. These documents

will be incorporated into the AMMTIAC library, where they will eventually be digitized under the Defense Technical Information Center’s

(DTIC) Total Electronic Migration System (TEMS) effort in order to make them available for future use.
Flexible Contract Vehicle

• Pre-competed, Delivery Order Contract

• Broad, Flexible Scope

• Competitive Rates

• Easy Funds Transmittal (MIPR, IAA, etc.)

Finding a suitable contract vehicle for your project – one with

a broad and flexible scope that meets your scheduling and

financial requirements – is a constant challenge.

AMMTIAC is an already competed delivery order contract

that can get your requirements on contract quickly, and it does

not require your common procurement costs. The broad scope

of AMMTIAC gives us the flexibility to handle all of your

advanced materials, manufacturing and testing needs with

competitive costs and shorter lead time schedules – and –

AMMTIAC will give you access to data and subject matter

experts that can save additional time and money.

To learn how AMMTIAC can work for you, please contact:

Free Engineering Services

Free Research, Fast Answers Whatʼs Your Question?

We have the expertise to jump-start or support your project –

the first four hours of every question are free.

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/experts

Free Technical Journal

Delivered to Over 23,000 Professionals!

• Keep Pace with the Latest Developments

• Increase Your Visibility, Publish Your Work

The AMMTIAC Quarterly is a widely distributed technical

journal that publishes original work and itʼs free!

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/quarterly

Training Solutions

• Customized Training

• Conference & Workshop Development

http://ammtiac.alionscience.com/contact

Today’s warfighters depend on technology as never before.

AMMTIAC is a Material, Manufacturing & Testing DoD Center of Excellence, supporting the warfighterʼs mission through:

Mike Morgan

Director

937.542.9908

mmorgan@alionscience.com

Judy Tallarino

Contracts Facilitator

315.339.7092

jtallarino@alionscience.com