IN THE

TENTH COURT OF APPEALS

No. 10-15-00418-CV

JOHNNIE PAUL RIVERS,

Appellant

v.

MS. GIA M. WILLIAMS, ET AL,

Appellee

From the 278th District Court

Walker County, Texas

Trial Court No. 1527521

MEMORANDUM OPINION

Johnnie Paul Rivers, a prison inmate, appeals the trial court’s judgment 

dismissing his suit against Gia M. Williams as being frivolous under Chapter 14 of the 

Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code. See TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 

14.002(a) (West Supp. 2014). Chapter 14 of the Texas Civil Practice and Remedies Code, 

specifically including the procedural requirements, now also and independently applies 

to appellate court proceedings. Douglas v. Turner, 441 S.W.3d 337, 338 (Tex. App.—

Waco 2013, no pet.).
Rivers v. Williams Page 2

Section 14.004(a) requires an inmate to file an affidavit or declaration “relating to 

previous filings” in which the inmate must detail all previous actions filed pro se, other 

than a suit under the Family Code. TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. § 14.004(a), (c) 

(West Supp. 2014). In addition, the inmate is required to file a certified copy of his 

“inmate trust account”1 statement that "reflect[s] the balance of the account at the time 

the claim is filed and activity in the account during the six months preceding the date 

on which the claim is filed." TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE ANN. §§ 14.004(c) (West Supp. 

2014); 14.006(f) (West 2002); Douglas, 441 S.W.3d at 339.

The filings required by Chapter 14 are “an essential part of the process by which 

courts review inmate litigation.” Douglas, 441 S.W.3d at 339. The failure to file the 

affidavit or declaration “relating to previous filings” or the inmate account statement 

can result in immediate dismissal of the proceeding, id., even if the failure to comply 

with Chapter 14 can be remedied. McLean v. Livingston, 456 S.W.3d 358, 359-60 (Tex. 

App.—Waco 2015, pet. filed) (op. on reh’g); see also Anderson v. Tex. Dep’t Crim. Just., ---

S.W.3d ---, ---, 2015 Tex. App. LEXIS 2674, at *6-7 (Tex. App.—Waco Mar. 19, 2015, no 

pet.). Furthermore, when the inmate fails to comply with the affidavit requirement, the 

 

1 Courts and parties have frequently referred to inmate accounts as inmate "trust" accounts. The term 

"trust" has been removed from their statutory references. Act of 1989, 71st Leg., ch. 212, § 2.01, eff. Sept. 1, 

1989, amended by Act of 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 62, § 8.10, 19.02(8), eff. Sept. 1, 1999 (current version at TEX.

GOV'T CODE ANN. § 501.014 (West 2012)). They are simply inmate accounts. While there may be a 

custodial relationship between the Department and the inmate as to the money in the account, an issue 

not decided by us today, there is certainly no trustee/beneficiary relationship wherein the Department is 

burdened with all the duties of a trustee with regard to the inmate's money.
Rivers v. Williams Page 3

court may assume that the current action is substantially similar to one previously filed 

by the inmate and is thus frivolous. Anderson, 2015 Tex. App. LEXIS 2674, at *6.

In this appeal, Rivers did not file an affidavit or declaration “relating to previous 

filings” or a certified copy of his inmate account statement. Accordingly, we dismiss 

this appeal as frivolous. Id. at *7.2

TOM GRAY

Chief Justice

Before Chief Justice Gray,

Justice Davis, and 

Justice Scoggins

(Justice Davis dissents with a note)*

Dismissed

Opinion delivered and filed December 1, 2015

[CV06]

*(Justice Davis notes that he would notify Appellant of his section 14.004 

deficiency and allow him the opportunity to cure it before dismissal. See McLean, 456 

S.W.3d at 362-63 (Davis, J., dissenting); see also Brown v. Jones, No. 10-15-00150-CV, 2015 

Tex. App. LEXIS 4994, *2 (Tex. App.—Waco May 14, 2015, pet. filed) (Davis, J., 

dissenting); Simmonds v. Corley, No 10-15-00141-CV, 2015 Tex. App. LEXIS 4992, *2 

(Tex. App.—Waco May 14, 2015, no pet.) (Davis, J., dissenting); Anderson, --- S.W.3d at --

-, 2015 Tex. App. LEXIS 2674, *8 (Davis, J., dissenting).)

 

2 Absent a specific exemption, the Clerk of the Court must collect filing fees at the time a document is 

presented for filing. TEX. R. APP. P. 12.1(b); Appendix to TEX. R. APP. P., Order Regarding Fees (Amended 

Aug. 28, 2007, eff. Sept. 1, 2007). See also TEX. R. APP. P. 5; 10TH TEX. APP. (WACO) LOC. R. 5; TEX. GOV’T 

CODE ANN. §§ 51.207(b); 51.208; § 51.941(a) (West 2013). Under these circumstances, we suspend the rule 

and order the Clerk to write off all unpaid filing fees in this case. TEX. R. APP. P. 2. The write-off of the 

fees from the accounts receivable of the Court in no way eliminates or reduces the fees owed.