Citrus Fruit Footnotes

1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with
the completion of harvest the following year.

2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67,
FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76, tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-30;
tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95.

3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early and mid-season
varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX.

4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

5/ California Desert and Other Areas Grapefruit forecasts combined to All
Grapefruit beginning in 1995-96.

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1996-97

Month Harvested

-- 1,000 Pounds

Jan 2,365 1,495 3,575 3,280
Feb 2,265 1,495 3,530 3,145
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

March 1997 5 NASS, USDA


Florida Citrus: Groves in Florida were in very good condition through most of
February. Rainfall generally was below normal except for the
east coast counties where there were regular weekly rains. Growers in most of
the citrus belt depended on all types of irrigation to maintain good tree
condition as new growth and bloom buds formed on trees of all ages the last part
of the month. Most of the trees that lost foliage following the January 19, 1997
freeze produced new growth, and some of those trees began blooming. Harvest of
early and mid-season oranges was very active the first three weeks of February
and then declined as supplies ran low. Movement of cold damaged Valencias to
the processors was limited to the isolated areas affected by the January freeze.
Grapefruit harvest during February was very busy on the lower east coast.
Temple and Honey tangerine harvest was steady in all areas of the citrus belt
during the month for both fresh and processed use. A little more than
132 million boxes of early and mid-season oranges, including Navels, were
utilized through February. Valencia harvest totaled a little more than
6 million boxes.

Texas Citrus: Harvest moved ahead with little interruption during February.
Growers needed rainfall to alleviate a shortage of irrigation water. Orange
trees showed a good bloom across the Rio Grande Valley.

California Citrus: Harvest of citrus gained momentum during February with the

mild weather. Picking of grapefruit in the desert area
continued with good grades. Lemon harvest was active throughout the state.
Packing grades were fair to good. Wind scar, brown rot, and sunburn were among
the problems reported. The navel orange harvest continued slightly behind
normal with approximately half of the crop picked by March 1. Sizes were large
with good to excellent grades. Some scar, brown rot, thrips, and puff were
reported. Valencia orange harvest began in the desert area in mid-February with
smooth texture and good color. Tangerine picking continued with good to
excellent quality.

California Fruits and Nuts: Rains from January left some orchards and vineyards
under water through the first part of February.

Dry weather throughout February permitted cultural activities including pruning,

controlling weeds, and dormant spraying. Almond blossom peaked in late

February. Other fruits and nuts were in various stages of bloom.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 3.15 million pounds for
February, 4 percent lower than January and 11 percent lower than a
year ago.

Weather conditions during February were mixed. Mostly favorable conditions
during the first three weeks were followed by gusty winds in the last week. The
gusty winds caused leaf shredding and some trees to snap or uproot. Isolated
pockets of heavy damage were reported. Papaya ringspot virus continued to lower
yields in infected fields.

Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,530 acres, 3 percent higher than
January, but 5 percent lower than February 1996. Harvested area, totaling
1,495 acres, was unchanged from last month, but 34 percent lower than a year
ago.

Sugarcane: The 1996 production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is expected to

total 29.2 million tons. This is unchanged from the last forecast
published in the February “Crop Production” report, but represents a 5 percent
decrease from last year’s output. The Florida forecast was evaluated and
resulted in no change in production. The forecast for Hawaii, Louisiana, and
Texas were carried forward from previous reports.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
March 1997 10 NASS, USDA


February Weather Summary: A string of dynamic storms traversed the southern
branch of a split jet stream, resulting in February-
record rainfall in parts of Texas and giving the West Coast a much-needed break
from heavy precipitation. Significant precipitation virtually eliminated
dryness that developed during December from southern Nebraska to central Texas,
boosting prospects for winter wheat. The North Central States, bracing for
near-record to record flooding during the spring, gained a reprieve from more
than 3 months of bitterly cold, windy, snowy weather. In fact, temperatures
ranged from normal to above normal east of the Rocky Divide, with departures
reaching +6 to +8 degrees F from the Ohio Valley to the Middle Atlantic States.
Monthly temperatures averaged within a few degrees of normal across the West.

Soil conditions across most of Texas quickly changed from dry to saturated. For
example, the Trinity River at Dallas crested at 7.51 feet above flood stage on
February 13, 7.19 feet above on February 21, and 5.19 feet above on February 26.
The month's final two major storms (February 18-22 and 23-27) charted similar
courses out of the Southwest, crossing Texas before lifting toward the Great
Lakes States. The first system dumped 2 to 4 inches of rain from central Texas
to lower Michigan, including a February-record, 24-hour total of 3.05 inches in
Grand Rapids, MI. In the Midwest, the rain fell on partially frozen soils,
enhancing runoff. As a result, the Rock River at Joslin, IL crested at an all-
time-record 6.77 feet above flood stage on February 23. On February 26-27, the
latter system dumped 1 to 3 inches of rain from the middle Mississippi Valley to
the northern Middle Atlantic States, including the north side of the Ohio River
drainage basin. At month's end, yet another powerful storm took form over the
Southwest, ensuring a stormy, flood-ridden start to March in the Ohio Valley.

As mentioned, several February rainfall records were broken in Texas:

Location Total (Inches) Former Record/Year
Waco 7.91 6.92 in 1992
Dallas-Ft. Worth 7.40 6.96 in 1945
San Angelo 4.54 4.45 in 1987

For the third consecutive month, a monthly precipitation record was established
in Alpena, MI, where the 3.88~inch total included a February-record 50.3 inches
of snow. Alpena's season-to-date snowfall reached 149.0 inches by month's end,
less than 20 inches shy of their all-time record. February snowfall topped

30 inches at a few other locations from the Great Lakes States to northern New
England, including Gaylord, MI (39.4 inches) and Caribou, ME (30.2 inches).
Farther west, only light snow fell across the northern Plains and upper Midwest.
Monthly snowfall included 8.0 inches in Fargo, ND and 2.9 inches in St. Cloud,
MN. In Iowa, however, totals approached 20 inches in Dubuque (19.3 inches) and
Cedar Rapids (18.5 inches). Late in the month, very heavy snow blanketed the
Southwest, lifting monthly totals to 22.9 inches in Flagstaff, AZ and

14.6 inches in Alamosa, CO. on February 27-28, 49 inches buried southern
Arizona's Mt. Lemmon in 48 hours. In contrast, a nearly snow-free winter
continued in the Northeast, although monthly snowfall of 4.4 inches in Newark,
NJ and 7.1 inches in Baltimore, MD more than doubled season-to-date totals.

Due to the prevailing storm track, the South and East experienced more than
100 daily-record highs, most after mid-month. February-record warmth dotted the
East on February 21, 22, and 27:

Location Temperature (degrees F)/Date Former Record/Year
Rochester, NY 73 on February 21 70 on February 11, 1932
Buffalo, NY 70 on February 21 68 on February 11, 1932
Vero Beach, FL 89 on February 22 88 in 1994 and earlier
Albany, NY 68 on February 22 67 in 1976

Florence, Sc 86 on February 27 85 on February 27, 1996
Harrisburg, PA 78 on February 27 75 in 1954 and 1985
Bridgeport, CT 67 on February 27 67 on Feb. 26 & 28, 1976
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

March 1997 7 NASS, USDA


For Sugar
FL
HI 2/
LA 2/
TX 2/

Us

For Seed
FL
HI 2/
LA 2/
TX 2/

us

For Sugar
and Seed

HI 2/
LA 2/
TX 2/

Sugarcane:

Area Harvested, Yield,

by Use, State, and United States,

417.0
48.5
368.0
41.2

874.7

437.0
53.0
400.0
42.3

1,000 Acres

420.0
40.0
335.0
34.2

829.2

20.0
3.0
35.0
3

58.3

440.0
43.0
370.0
34.5

34.6
81.5
25.6
32.4

33.3

33.9
26.0
25.6
25.5

28.5

34.6
76.8
25.6
32.2

34.0
81.9
27.0
26.6

33.2

34.0
26.0
27.0
32.0

29.4

34.0
78.0
27.0
26.7

and Production

1995-96

14,445
3,953
9,421
1,336

29,155
677
117
819

28

1,641

1,000 Tons --

14,280
3,276
9,045

910

27,511

680
78
945
10

1,713

14,960
3,354
9,990

920

1/ Net tons.

2/ Current estimates carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production

March 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


Grapefruit: The March 1 forecast of the 1996-97 U.S. grapefruit crop is a

record large 3.06 million tons, down less than 1 percent from last
month’s forecast but 12 percent larger than last year. This year’s crop exceeds
the previous record of 3.032 million tons in the 1976-77 season.

The Florida all grapefruit forecast is a record large 59.0 million boxes

{2.51 million tons), unchanged from the last forecast but 13 percent more than
last season. The all seedless grapefruit forecast is 58.0 million boxes. The
seedy (Duncan) grapefruit forecast is continued at 1.0 million boxes.

Fruit size increased from last month but at a very slow rate. Average fruit
sizes for all varieties are near the historic mean but are much smaller than the
extremely large sizes seen in the past two seasons. Fruit drop from unharvested
trees in the Indian River area continues to be the lowest in many seasons.
However, fruit drop in the interior is increasing in groves affected by the
January 19, 1997 freezing weather. The March 1 row count survey, conducted
February 26-27, indicated the lowest percent of rows fully harvested in many
seasons. Recorded utilization, including an allocation for gift fruit, is
lagging the previous seasons to March 1 with only an estimated 8.70 million
boxes of white seedless harvested. Last season, about 12.0 million boxes were
utilized. Colored varieties utilization is estimated at 17.3 million boxes
compared to over 18.0 million last year.

The Florida forecasts are based on objective fruit counts and measurement
surveys in relationship to the harvest patterns and utilization of the past two
seasons. All citrus forecasts project certified utilization including a
preseason allocation of less than two percent for unrecorded usage.
Certifications include only fruit actually shipped in fresh pack or recorded at
a processing plant.

The Texas grapefruit forecast is 5.30 million boxes (212,000 tons), 4 percent
below last month's forecast but 16 percent above last season's production.
California's forecast is carried forward from January at 9.00 million boxes
(302,000 tons), 11 percent above last season. Arizona's forecast is also
carried forward at 1.00 million boxes (34,000 tons), 17 percent below last year.

Tangelos: Florida's 1996-97 tangelo forecast is 4.00 million boxes

{180,000 tons), unchanged from last month's forecast, but 63 percent
more than last season's crop. Harvest was near completion with more than
3.90 million boxes utilized. This is the largest harvested tangelo crop since
1987-88.

Tangerines: The 1996-97 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large
428,000 tons, up 1 percent from February and 23 percent higher than
last season. The 1995-96 crop of 348,000 tons was the previous record large
crop. Florida’s tangerine forecast is up 2 percent from last month to
6.30 million boxes (299,000 tons), 40 percent more than 1995-96. Droppage has
been extremely low even with the freezing temperatures of January 19, 1997.
Early tangerine harvest was virtually complete, and almost 1.10 million boxes of
the later Honey tangerines were used through February. The Arizona and
California tangerine forecasts were carried forward from January 1.

Temples: The 1996-97 forecast of Florida temples remains at 2.50 million boxes
(113,000 tons), 16 percent above last season. Through February,
almost 1.70 million boxes were picked. February surveys indicate fruit sizes
are near average and droppage is low. Droppage has increased following the
January 19, 1997 freezing weather. Most utilization is to processing plants.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
March 1997 9 NASS, USDA


NS] National

Crop Cea

Service

Production USDA

Washington, D.C.

Released March 11, 1997, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural
Statistica Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information on “Crop Production” call
(202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m, to 4:00 p.m. BT.

Record Large Orange Production

All oranges production for the 1996-97 season is forecast at a record large
12.5 million tons, up 1 percent from the previous forecast in February and up

7 percent from a year ago. This year's crop is 6 percent larger than the
previous record of 11.8 million tons set in the 1979-80 season. Florida's
production amounts to 222 million boxes (9.99 million tons), 1 percent more than
February’s forecast and 9 percent above last season. Early and mid-season
varieties are expected to produce 135 million boxes (6.08 million tons),

2 percent above last month and 11 percent above last year. Florida’s Valencia
crop forecast remained 87.0 million boxes (3.92 million tons), 6 percent above
last season’s crop.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1996-97 season is
forecast at 1.54 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, unchanged from February.
The forecast projects the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus
Processors Association. The final 1995-96 yield for all fruit used in FCOJ was
1.52 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The projected average yield for
1996-97 early and midseason varieties is 1.52 gallons per box, up from last
month's forecast of 1.50 gallons per box and from last season's final of 1.45.
Valencia yield is projected at 1.60 gallons per box, unchanged from last month
and down from 1.67 last season.

Cr Pr 2-2 (3-97}



Report Features

The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on
April 11, 1997.

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National
Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.

c. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127
Field Crops Section

Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843
Kevin Barnes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Dan Kerestes ~ Corn (202) 720-9526
Roger Latham - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Joel Moore - Barley, Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234

Greg Preston - Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather, Oats (202) 720-7621
Barbara Rater - Peanuts, Rice, Tobacco (202) 720-7688
Vaughn Siegenthaler ~ Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Vince Matthews, Head (202) 720-3843
Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285
Howard Hill - Cherries, Berries, Prunes, Plums,

Cranberries, Grapes, Maple Syrup (202) 720-7235

Linda McMillan - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215

Dave Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions (202) 720-2157
Linda Simpson - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas,

Mushrooms, Hops (202) 690-0270

Blair Smith - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

March 1997 12 NASS, USDA


Dry weather during the sugarcane harvest allowed 3 Florida mills to finish on
schedule in early March. Some cane was planted later than normal in early
March. The previous freeze scorched the top leaves in some fields, but in other
areas killed the entire top stopping any further growth. It was too early to
determine if the freeze caused any permanent damage to next seasons crop. Some
sugarcane that was just coming-up was killed back to the ground. Most mills
reported that sugar content was high, but juice content tapered off at the end
of the season, possible due to the previous freeze.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
March 1997 11 NASS, USDA


In addition, the high of 67 degrees F (on the 22nd) in Concord, NH was their
warmest in February since a reading of 68 degrees F on February 27, 1880.
Temperatures failed to dip below 20 degrees F during the month in Philadelphia,
PA, their first such occurrence in February since 1957.

Arctic air almost completely disappeared, locked over eastern Canada by the
northern branch of the jet stream. On February 13, daily-record cold brushed
Michigan, where Houghton Lake noted ~22 degrees F; 4 days later, Caribou, ME
also notched -22 degrees F. Toward month's end, cool air overspread the West in
the wake of the major storms, lowering readings below 0 degrees F in some high-
elevation locations. In Nevada, Ely logged a daily-record low (-9 degrees F) on
February 28.

In California and Nevada, recovery from the New Year's flood progressed under
favorably dry conditions. In the Sierra Nevada foothills, only 1.77 inches

(18 percent [%] of normal) fell at Blue Canyon, CA. Blue Canyon had received
75.35 inches (329% of normal) in December and January, and 90.66 inches (263% of
normal) since October 1, 1996. Little or no moisture was added to the Sierra
Nevada's high-elevation snowpack, leaving the snow's water equivalent at about
115% of normal by month's end. Dry weather also prevailed across most of
Florida, where totals included 0.46 inches in Daytona Beach and 0.66 inches in
Tampa. Farther west, however, monthly rainfall topped 8 inches in locations
such as Montgomery, AL (8.04 inches) and Shreveport, LA (8.09 inches). On the
Plains, monthly precipitation reached 2.11 inches in Oklahoma City, 2.18 inches
in Wichita, KS, 2.86 inches in Wichita Falls, TX, accounting for more than 80%
of the respective December 1, 1996, to February 28, 1997, totals.

General Crop Comments: February conditions were more favorable for farm

activities than in January. Weather conditions
moderated somewhat in the north central area of the Country. Warmer
temperatures and a let-up in the heavy snowfall allowed producers to continue
their dig-out and combat further losses from winter stress on livestock, High
water has been reported in local areas and there is a fear of severe flooding
when the heavy snow pack begins to melt.

The central and southern Plains received beneficial moisture and conditions of
winter wheat improved. Generally, the winter wheat crop was reported to be in
good to excellent condition. Very little winter kill and wind damage has been
reported. Most winter wheat areas ended the month with little snow cover. In
Kansas the winter wheat crop is ready to break dormancy.

An area covering most of the southeast and extending north through the Ohio
Valley received extensive rainfall causing heavy flooding in the Ohio Valley.
Field work in preparation for spring planting was delayed in many areas.
Significant delays are also expected in Arkansas. By the end of the month some
spring field crops had been planted along the Gulf Coast and in Florida. Peach
trees were in bloom in the deep South.

Field activities in California returned to full swing in most areas. Some
localized areas remained flooded, but the open, warm weather allowed soils to
dry and field operations to resume. Some Sacramento Valley wheat fields still
showed signs of stress from the earlier flooding. In Florida the sugarcane
harvest was winding down. Growers were preparing to start tobacco trans-
planting. Field preparations for spring planting crops were active. Harvest of
early and mid-season oranges was about over. Freeze damaged Valencias were
going to processors rapidly. Grapefruit harvest was very active on the lower
east coast.

During the month, livestock remained under stress in many areas due to the
weather and unusually wet conditions. Muddy conditions and the winter
temperatures made lambing and calving difficult. Losses were running above
normal. Demand for feed remained high adding pressure to an already short feed
supply.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
March 1997 8 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruits:

Boxes

Utilized Production by Crop,

1995-96 and Forecasted March

Utilized Production
Ton Equivalent

Utilized Production

State,
1,

and United States,
1997 1/

: 1996-97

1994-95

1995-96

1994-95

1995-96

Oranges
Early Mid &
Navel 3/
AZ 4/
cA 4/
FL
TX
us
Valencia
BZ 4/
CA 4/

US
Temples
FL
Grapefruit
White Seedless
FL
Colored Seedless
FL
Other
FL
All
AZ 4/
cA 4/ 5/
Desert
Other Areas
Total
FL
TX
US
Tangerines
AZ 4/

US
Tangelos
FL
K-Early Citrus

400
35,000
119,700
950
156,050

650
21,000
85,800

105

107,555

1,050
56,000
205,500
1,055
263,605

2,550

25,700
28,700
1,300
1,400

3,300
6,000
9,300
55,700
4,650
71,050

650
2,500
3,550
6,700

3,600
20,000
23,600

3,150

1,000 Boxes 2/

700
38, 000
121,200

830
160,730

950
28,000
82,000

110

111, 060

1,650
66, 000
203,200
940
271,790

2,150

23,200
28,100
1,050

1,200

8,100
52,350
4,550
66, 200

1,000
2,600
4,500
8,100

5,100
21,000
26,100

2,450

550
39,000
135, 000

1,300
175,850

850
26,000
87,000

150

114, 000

1,400
65,000
222,000
1,450
289,850

2,500

26,500
31,500
1,000

1,000

9,000
59,000

5,300
74,300

750
2,700
6,300
9,750

4,000
22,000
26,000

4,000

15
1,313
5,387

40
6,755

24
788
3,861
4
4,677

39
2,101
9,248

44

11,432

114

1,092
1,220
55
47

111
201
312
2,367
186
2,912

25
94
168
287

137
760
897

142

1,000 Tons

27
1,426
5,454
6,942

36
1,051
3,690

4
4,781

63
2,477
9,144

11,723

97

986
1,194
45

40

271
2,225
182
2,718

38
97
213
348

194
798
992

110

1,
6,

7

3

4,
2,
9,

12,

1

1,

2,

3,

21
463
075

614

32
975
915

6

928

S3
438
990

61
542

113

126
339
43

34

302
508
212
056

28
101
299
428

152
836
988

180

Crop Production
March 1997

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS,

USDA


Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1995-96
(Domestic Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed 932.3 887.5

Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1995-96
(Domestic Units)

Production
Crop and Unit = -:: ---------------------------------------------------

1996

1,000 Tons

Sugarcane for 2
Sugar and Seed 2

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1995-96
(Metric Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

Co Lo) oN
1995 1996 1995 3 1996
Hectares
Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed 377,290 359,160

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1995-96
(Metric Units)

Metric Tons

Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed 74.05 73.82 27,937,660 26,511,570

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
March 1997 3 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Production, United States,
1995-96 and Forecasted 1996-97

Crop Year 1/ 1995-96 1996-97 1996-97 -
1,000 Tons
Citrus Fruits :

Oranges 2 11,723 12,452 12,542
Grapefruit : 2,718 3,064 3,056
Lemons 2/ 2 992 988 988
Tangerines 3 348 424 428
Temples (FL) : 97 113 113
Tangelos (FL) : 110 180 180
K-Early Citrus (FL) 3 7 7 7

Metric Tons

Oranges : 10,634,930 11,296,260 11,377,910
Grapefruit : 2,465,730 2,779,610 2,772,360
Lemons 2/ : 899,930 896,300 896,300
Tangerines z 315,700 384,650 388,280
Temples (FL) : 88,000 102,510 102,510
Tangelos (FL) : 99,790 163,290 163,290
K-Early Citrus (FL) 6,350 6,350 6,350

1/ Crop year begins with the bloom of the first year and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.
2/ Estimates for 1996-97 carried forward from January 1.

This report was approved on March 11, 1997, by the Secretary of Agriculture and
the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural Statistics Board.

ha. fe eho

S€cretary of Agricultural Statistics Board
Agriculture Chairperson.
Dan Glickman Rich Alten

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

March 1997 2 NASS, USDA



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Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
March 1997 13 NASS, USDA