Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released September 10, 2010, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States 

Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Corn Production Down 2 Percent from August Forecast

Soybean Production Up 1 Percent

Cotton Production Up 2 Percent

Corn production is forecast at a record 13.2 billion bushels, down 2 percent from the August forecast, but up from the 

previous record of 13.1 billion bushels set in 2009. Based on conditions as of September 1, yields are expected to average 

162.5 bushels per acre, down 2.5 bushels from the previous month and 2.2 bushels below last year’s record of 

164.7 bushels. Forecasted yields decreased from last month throughout much of the Corn Belt, Tennessee Valley, and 

Delta. Yields were up from August in the lower portions of the Southeast.

Soybean production is forecast at a record high 3.48 billion bushels, up 1 percent from August and 4 percent above last 

year. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average a record high 44.7 bushels per acre, up 0.7 bushel 

from both last month and last year. Compared with last month, yields are forecast higher or unchanged across the central 

and northern Corn Belt, with the exception of Michigan.The largest increases in yield from last month are expected in 

Maryland and Virginia, both up 4 bushels. With the exceptions of Louisiana and the Carolinas, yields are forecast down 

across the Delta States, Southern Great Plains, and Southeast. The largest decline from the August 1 forecast is expected 

in Oklahoma, down 7 bushels as drought conditions across much of the State hampered yield expectations. If realized, the 

forecasted yield in Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, and North Dakota will be a record high. Area for harvest in 

the United States is forecast at 78.0 million acres, unchanged from June but up 2 percent from 2009.

All cotton production is forecast at 18.8 million 480-pound bales, up 2 percent from last month and up 55 percent from 

last year’s 12.2 million bales. Yield is expected to average 839 pounds per harvested acre, up 62 pounds from last year. 

Upland cotton production is forecast at 18.3 million 480-pound bales, 56 percent above 2009. Yields in the Delta region 

are expected to decrease from last month, while producers in Texas are expecting increased yields. American Pima 

production, forecast at 497,800 bales, was carried forward from last month.

California navel orange production for the 2010-2011 season is forecast at 1.86 million tons (46.5 million boxes), up 

17 percent from last season’s revised production of 1.59 million tons (42.5 million boxes). This initial forecast is based on 

an objective measurement survey conducted in California’s Central Valley in July and August. Survey results show that 

average fruit set per tree is above average while fruit size is below average.
2 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This report was approved on September 10, 2010.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Joseph W. Glauber

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (September 2010) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 ................................................................................................................................................ 6

Corn Production – United States Chart................................................................................................................................... 7

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and

Forecasted September 1, 2010 ................................................................................................................................................ 7

Rice Area Planted and Harvested by Class – States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010 .................................................................................................................................................................. 8

Rice Yield and Production by Class – States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted September 1, 2010................ 9

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 10

Soybean Production – United States Chart........................................................................................................................... 11

Peanuts Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2008, 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 11

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2009 and 2010 ........................................................................... 12

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted September 1, 2010.................................................... 12

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and, Production by Type – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 13

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 14

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010 ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010 ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 15

Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and United States: 2009 

and 2010................................................................................................................................................................................ 16

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2010 Crop .............................................................. 18

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – 7-State Total: 2010 Crop.................................................................. 19

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Colorado: 2010 Crop ....................................................................... 19

Utilized Production of Oranges by Crop – States and United States: 2008-2009, 2009-2010, and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010 .............................................................................................................................................. 20
4 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Nuts by Crop – States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted September 1, 2010..........................................20

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units) .........................................................22

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units)....................................................................23

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)..............................................................24

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units).........................................................................25

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2008-2010 (Domestic Units) ..........................................................................26

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2008-2010 (Metric Units)...............................................................................27

Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2006-2010 .............................................................................28

Corn for Grain Number of Ears Acre – Selected States: 2006-2010 ....................................................................................29

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2006-2010 .......................................................................30

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2006-2010.............................................................................................31

Percent of Normal Precipitation............................................................................................................................................32

Departure from Normal Temperature....................................................................................................................................32

August Weather Summary ....................................................................................................................................................33

August Agricultural Summary ..............................................................................................................................................33

Crop Comments ....................................................................................................................................................................36

Statistical Methodology.........................................................................................................................................................42

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecast...........................................................................................................43

Information Contacts.............................................................................................................................................................44
Crop Production (September 2010) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

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6 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama .....................

Arkansas .....................

California ....................

Colorado .....................

Delaware ....................

Georgia .......................

Illinois ..........................

Indiana ........................

Iowa ............................

Kansas ........................

Kentucky .....................

Louisiana ....................

Maryland .....................

Michigan .....................

Minnesota ...................

Mississippi ..................

Missouri ......................

Nebraska ....................

New Jersey .................

New York ....................

North Carolina .............

North Dakota ...............

Ohio ............................

Oklahoma ...................

Pennsylvania ..............

South Carolina ............

South Dakota ..............

Tennessee ..................

Texas ..........................

Virginia ........................

Washington .................

Wisconsin ...................

Other States 1.............

United States ..............

250

410

160

990

163

370

11,800

5,460

13,400

3,860

1,150

610

425

2,090

7,150

695

2,920

8,850

70

595

800

1,740

3,140

320

920

320

4,680

590

1,960

330

105

2,930

337

79,590

250

410

140

1,210

160

300

12,400

5,870

13,000

4,400

1,210

480

430

2,200

7,000

730

3,200

8,550

75

590

850

1,820

3,380

320

940

330

4,350

600

2,050

320

150

2,950

340

81,005

108.0

148.0

180.0

153.0

145.0

140.0

174.0

171.0

182.0

155.0

165.0

132.0

145.0

148.0

174.0

126.0

153.0

178.0

143.0

134.0

117.0

115.0

174.0

105.0

143.0

111.0

151.0

148.0

130.0

131.0

215.0

153.0

161.4

164.7

115.0

157.0

195.0

140.0

115.0

138.0

180.0

176.0

179.0

143.0

138.0

150.0

100.0

156.0

178.0

140.0

150.0

180.0

123.0

142.0

90.0

140.0

176.0

135.0

132.0

97.0

148.0

125.0

140.0

65.0

220.0

159.0

161.1

165.0

120.0

152.0

195.0

144.0

115.0

142.0

174.0

170.0

179.0

138.0

135.0

150.0

100.0

154.0

177.0

134.0

143.0

179.0

118.0

144.0

90.0

140.0

173.0

135.0

128.0

99.0

145.0

122.0

140.0

65.0

210.0

159.0

161.1

162.5

27,000

60,680

28,800

151,470

23,635

51,800

2,053,200

933,660

2,438,800

598,300

189,750

80,520

61,625

309,320

1,244,100

87,570

446,760

1,575,300

10,010

79,730

93,600

200,100

546,360

33,600

131,560

35,520

706,680

87,320

254,800

43,230

22,575

448,290

54,397

13,110,062

30,000

62,320

27,300

174,240

18,400

42,600

2,157,600

997,900

2,327,000

607,200

163,350

72,000

43,000

338,800

1,239,000

97,820

457,600

1,530,450

8,850

84,960

76,500

254,800

584,740

43,200

120,320

32,670

630,750

73,200

287,000

20,800

31,500

469,050

54,780

13,159,700

1 Other States include Arizona, Florida, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will 

be published in the Crop Production 2010 Summary.
Crop Production (September 2010) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas .......................

Colorado ........................

Illinois ............................

Kansas ..........................

Louisiana .......................

Mississippi .....................

Missouri .........................

Nebraska .......................

New Mexico ...................

Oklahoma ......................

South Dakota .................

Texas ............................

Other States 1................

United States .................

37

150

36

2,550

65

11

43

140

50

220

120

2,050

48

5,520

20

140

33

2,250

85

8

45

65

50

220

105

2,100

55

5,176

79.0

45.0

82.0

88.0

82.0

70.0

86.0

93.0

46.0

56.0

61.0

48.0

58.3

69.4

87.0

37.0

100.0

82.0

100.0

70.0

95.0

94.0

47.0

52.0

60.0

70.0

39.6

74.1

80.0

34.0

98.0

80.0

100.0

70.0

95.0

94.0

50.0

53.0

58.0

69.0

41.5

72.7

2,923

6,750

2,952

224,400

5,330

770

3,698

13,020

2,300

12,320

7,320

98,400

2,800

382,983

1,600

4,760

3,234

180,000

8,500

560

4,275

6,110

2,500

11,660

6,090

144,900

2,280

376,469

1 Other States include Arizona and Georgia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2010 Summary.

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Billion bushels

Corn Production - United States
8 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Planted and Harvested by Class – States and United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010

[Sweet rice acreage included with short grain]

Class and State

Area planted Area harvested

2008 2009 2010 12008 2009 2010

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Long grain

Arkansas ................................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Texas .....................................

United States .........................

Medium grain

Arkansas ................................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Missouri .................................

Texas .....................................

United States .........................

Short grain 

Arkansas ................................

California ...............................

United States .........................

All rice

Arkansas ................................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Texas .....................................

United States .........................

1,300

9

455

230

198

173

2,365

100

460

15

2

2

579

1

50

51

1,401

519

470

230

200

175

2,995

1,260

5

415

245

199

166

2,290

225

505

55

3

5

793

1

51

52

1,486

561

470

245

202

171

3,135

1,595

6

490

310

250

185

2,836

195

520

40

3

4

762

1

43

44

1,791

569

530

310

253

189

3,642

1,295

9

450

229

197

170

2,350

99

458

14

2

2

575

1

50

51

1,395

517

464

229

199

172

2,976

1,245

5

410

243

197

165

2,265

224

500

54

3

5

786

1

51

52

1,470

556

464

243

200

170

3,103

1,590

6

485

308

248

184

2,821

194

517

40

3

4

758

1

43

44

1,785

566

525

308

251

188

3,623

1 Updated from Acreage released June 30, 2010.
Crop Production (September 2010) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Yield and Production by Class – States and United States: 2008, 2009, and

Forecasted September 1, 2010

[Sweet rice production included with short grain]

Class and State

Yield Production

2008 2009

2010

2008 2009 2010 1

August 1 September 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Long grain

Arkansas .....................

California .....................

Louisiana .....................

Mississippi ...................

Missouri .......................

Texas ..........................

United States ...............

Medium grain

Arkansas .....................

California .....................

Louisiana .....................

Missouri .......................

Texas ..........................

United States ...............

Short grain 

Arkansas .....................

California .....................

United States ...............

All rice

Arkansas .....................

California .....................

Louisiana .....................

Mississippi ...................

Missouri .......................

Texas ..........................

United States ...............

6,640

6,900

5,820

6,850

6,620

6,900

6,522

6,960

8,550

6,050

6,600

6,900

8,203

6,000

6,500

6,490

6,660

8,320

5,830

6,850

6,620

6,900

6,846

6,760

6,600

6,320

6,700

6,710

7,770

6,743

7,010

8,740

6,120

6,800

7,600

8,052

6,000

7,400

7,373

6,800

8,600

6,300

6,700

6,710

7,770

7,085

6,930

8,100

6,400

7,000

7,000

6,900

7,039

6,930

7,800

6,500

7,200

7,100

7,100

7,047

85,988

621

26,190

15,687

13,041

11,730

153,257

6,890

39,159

847

132

138

47,166

60

3,250

3,310

92,938

43,030

27,037

15,687

13,173

11,868

203,733

84,162

330

25,912

16,281

13,219

12,821

152,725

15,702

43,700

3,305

204

380

63,291

60

3,774

3,834

99,924

47,804

29,217

16,281

13,423

13,201

219,850

191,795

60,648

2,876

123,701

44,148

34,125

22,176

17,821

13,348

255,319

1

Indicated September 1, 2010, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data 

become available through the growing season. State estimates by class will be published in the Crop Production 2010 Summary.
10 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama ..........................

Arkansas ..........................

Delaware .........................

Georgia ............................

Illinois ...............................

Indiana .............................

Iowa .................................

Kansas .............................

Kentucky ..........................

Louisiana .........................

Maryland ..........................

Michigan ..........................

Minnesota ........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

Nebraska .........................

New Jersey ......................

New York .........................

North Carolina ..................

North Dakota ....................

Ohio .................................

Oklahoma ........................

Pennsylvania ...................

South Carolina .................

South Dakota ...................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

Wisconsin ........................

Other States 1..................

United States ...................

430

3,270

183

440

9,350

5,440

9,530

3,650

1,420

940

475

1,990

7,120

2,030

5,300

4,760

87

254

1,750

3,870

4,530

390

445

565

4,190

1,530

190

570

1,620

53

76,372

360

3,090

188

330

9,250

5,290

10,150

4,050

1,380

1,000

490

2,090

7,410

2,200

5,450

5,350

88

282

1,520

3,760

4,680

440

465

495

4,300

1,410

180

580

1,660

48

77,986

40.0

37.5

42.0

36.0

46.0

49.0

51.0

44.0

48.0

39.0

42.0

40.0

40.0

38.0

43.5

54.5

42.0

43.0

34.0

30.0

49.0

31.0

46.0

24.5

42.0

45.0

25.0

37.0

40.0

39.1

44.0

34.0

39.0

31.0

34.0

49.0

49.0

51.0

38.0

39.0

40.0

30.0

43.0

44.0

39.0

42.0

53.0

34.0

47.0

30.0

35.0

46.0

30.0

43.0

26.5

40.0

39.0

34.0

24.0

44.0

36.9

44.0

32.0

37.0

34.0

33.0

51.0

50.0

52.0

36.0

35.0

42.0

34.0

42.0

46.0

38.0

42.0

55.0

34.0

47.0

30.0

37.0

48.0

23.0

43.0

27.5

40.0

34.0

31.0

28.0

45.0

36.9

44.7

17,200

122,625

7,686

15,840

430,100

266,560

486,030

160,600

68,160

36,660

19,950

79,600

284,800

77,140

230,550

259,420

3,654

10,922

59,500

116,100

221,970

12,090

20,470

13,843

175,980

68,850

4,750

21,090

64,800

2,071

3,359,011

11,520

114,330

6,392

10,890

471,750

264,500

527,800

145,800

48,300

42,000

16,660

87,780

340,860

83,600

228,900

294,250

2,992

13,254

45,600

139,120

224,640

10,120

19,995

13,613

172,000

47,940

5,580

16,240

74,700

1,773

3,482,899

1 Other States include Florida and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2010 Summary.
Crop Production (September 2010) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Peanuts Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2008, 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010

State

Area planted Area harvested

2008 2009 2010 12008 2009 2010

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Alabama ........................

Florida ...........................

Georgia .........................

Mississippi .....................

New Mexico ...................

North Carolina ...............

Oklahoma ......................

South Carolina ...............

Texas ............................

Virginia ..........................

United States .................

195

150

690

22

8

98

19

71

257

24

1,534

155

115

510

21

7

67

14

50

165

12

1,116

190

145

565

19

10

89

21

68

165

18

1,290

193

140

685

21

8

97

18

68

253

24

1,507

152

105

505

18

7

66

13

48

155

12

1,081

187

135

560

18

10

88

20

65

160

18

1,261

State

Yield Production

2008 2009

2010

2008 2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Alabama ........................

Florida ...........................

Georgia .........................

Mississippi .....................

New Mexico ...................

North Carolina ...............

Oklahoma ......................

South Carolina ...............

Texas ............................

Virginia ..........................

United States .................

3,500

3,200

3,400

3,900

3,200

3,700

3,500

3,900

3,300

3,350

3,426

3,100

3,200

3,530

3,000

3,100

3,700

3,300

3,100

3,500

3,700

3,412

3,000

2,900

3,300

3,200

3,200

3,000

3,500

3,200

3,500

2,200

3,204

2,900

2,900

3,400

3,200

3,100

3,000

3,200

3,300

3,600

2,400

3,242

675,500

448,000

2,329,000

81,900

25,600

358,900

63,000

265,200

834,900

80,400

5,162,400

471,200

336,000

1,782,650

54,000

21,700

244,200

42,900

148,800

542,500

44,400

3,688,350

542,300

391,500

1,904,000

57,600

31,000

264,000

64,000

214,500

576,000

43,200

4,088,100

1 Updated from Acreage released June 30, 2010.

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.5

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Billion bushels

Soybean Production - United States
12 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2009 and 2010

State

Upland American Pima All

2009 2010 12009 2010 2009 2010 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

 Alabama ........................

 Arizona .........................

 Arkansas .......................

 California .......................

 Florida ...........................

 Georgia .........................

 Kansas ..........................

 Louisiana ......................

 Mississippi ....................

 Missouri ........................

 New Mexico ..................

 North Carolina ...............

 Oklahoma .....................

 South Carolina ..............

 Tennessee ....................

 Texas ............................

 Virginia ..........................

 United States ................

255.0

145.0

520.0

71.0

82.0

1,000.0

38.0

230.0

305.0

272.0

31.1

375.0

205.0

115.0

300.0

5,000.0

64.0

9,008.1

345.0

195.0

545.0

124.0

92.0

1,330.0

51.0

255.0

425.0

315.0

47.0

550.0

280.0

202.0

390.0

5,600.0

83.0

10,829.0

(NA)

1.6

(NA)

119.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2.8

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

18.0

(NA)

141.4

(NA)

3.0

(NA)

185.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

18.0

(NA)

209.0

255.0

146.6

520.0

190.0

82.0

1,000.0

38.0

230.0

305.0

272.0

33.9

375.0

205.0

115.0

300.0

5,018.0

64.0

9,149.5

345.0

198.0

545.0

309.0

92.0

1,330.0

51.0

255.0

425.0

315.0

50.0

550.0

280.0

202.0

390.0

5,618.0

83.0

11,038.0

(NA) Not available.

1 Updated from Acreage released June 30, 2010.

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted September 1, 2010

State

Production

2008 2009 2010 1

(1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

United States .............. 4,300.3 4,148.8 6,372.0

1 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.
Crop Production (September 2010) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and, Production by Type – States and United States: 2009 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010

Type

and

State

Area harvested Yield Production 1

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 bales) 2(1,000 bales) 2

Upland

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Kansas ............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

American Pima 3

Arizona ............................

California .........................

New Mexico .....................

Texas ..............................

United States ...................

All cotton 

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Kansas ............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

248.0

144.0

500.0

70.0

78.0

990.0

34.0

225.0

290.0

260.0

29.5

370.0

195.0

114.0

280.0

3,500.0

63.0

7,390.5

1.6

116.0

2.8

17.8

138.2

248.0

145.6

500.0

186.0

78.0

990.0

34.0

225.0

290.0

260.0

32.3

370.0

195.0

114.0

280.0

3,517.8

63.0

7,528.7

343.0

193.0

540.0

123.0

89.0

1,325.0

48.0

250.0

420.0

313.0

43.0

545.0

265.0

200.0

387.0

5,400.0

82.0

10,566.0

2.5

184.0

3.0

17.5

207.0

343.0

195.5

540.0

307.0

89.0

1,325.0

48.0

250.0

420.0

313.0

46.0

545.0

265.0

200.0

387.0

5,417.5

82.0

10,773.0

668

1,477

818

1,646

723

902

748

745

687

927

1,172

990

785

872

843

634

1,052

766

1,170

1,494

686

836

1,389

668

1,473

818

1,551

723

902

748

745

687

927

1,129

990

785

872

843

635

1,052

777

677

1,469

1,062

1,490

800

852

693

832

937

983

1,125

756

816

800

887

768

713

831

960

1,174

928

1,015

1,154

677

1,462

1,062

1,301

800

852

693

832

937

983

1,108

756

816

800

887

769

713

837

630

1,467

1,067

1,522

701

833

680

787

903

966

1,005

775

815

816

881

782

673

833

960

1,174

928

1,015

1,154

630

1,461

1,067

1,313

701

833

680

787

903

966

1,000

775

815

816

881

783

673

839

345.0

443.0

852.0

240.0

117.5

1,860.0

53.0

349.0

415.0

502.0

72.0

763.0

319.0

207.0

492.0

4,620.0

138.1

11,787.6

3.9

361.0

4.0

31.0

399.9

345.0

446.9

852.0

601.0

117.5

1,860.0

53.0

349.0

415.0

502.0

76.0

763.0

319.0

207.0

492.0

4,651.0

138.1

12,187.5

450.0

590.0

1,200.0

390.0

130.0

2,300.0

68.0

410.0

790.0

630.0

90.0

880.0

450.0

340.0

710.0

8,800.0

115.0

18,343.0

5.0

450.0

5.8

37.0

497.8

450.0

595.0

1,200.0

840.0

130.0

2,300.0

68.0

410.0

790.0

630.0

95.8

880.0

450.0

340.0

710.0

8,837.0

115.0

18,840.8

1 Production ginned and to be ginned.

2

480-lb. net weight bale.

3 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
14 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 

2009 and Forecasted September 1, 2010

State

Area harvested Yield 1 Production 1

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Florida .......................

Hawaii .......................

Louisiana ..................

Texas ........................

United States ............

387.0

22.2

425.0

39.7

873.9

392.0

17.2

415.0

52.0

876.2

36.0

62.3

32.2

35.9

34.8

35.7

72.2

31.0

37.7

34.3

36.7

72.2

31.0

33.0

34.5

13,939

1,382

13,685

1,426

30,432

14,386

1,242

12,865

1,716

30,209

1 Net tons.

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010

[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(1, 000 acres) (1, 000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

California 1................

Colorado ...................

Idaho .........................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

Montana ....................

Nebraska ..................

North Dakota .............

Oregon ......................

Wyoming ...................

United States ............

25.3

35.0

163.0

136.0

449.0

33.6

52.6

218.0

10.5

25.6

1,148.6

25.0

27.8

170.0

147.0

426.0

42.6

47.5

217.0

10.3

30.3

1,143.5

35.0

27.5

34.3

24.4

23.7

29.8

24.6

22.0

37.6

26.5

25.7

40.0

28.0

31.5

29.0

27.0

29.7

23.5

27.0

34.7

28.5

28.3

40.0

28.0

32.2

29.0

28.0

30.9

22.0

28.0

35.1

27.0

28.9

886

963

5,591

3,318

10,641

1,001

1,294

4,796

395

678

29,563

1,000

778

5,474

4,263

11,928

1,316

1,045

6,076

362

818

33,060

1

In California, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and 

southern California.

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2009 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2010

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009

2010

2009 2010

August 1 September 1

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Connecticut 1................

Georgia ........................

Kentucky ......................

Massachusetts 1...........

North Carolina ..............

Ohio 1...........................

Pennsylvania ...............

South Carolina .............

Tennessee ...................

Virginia .........................

United States ...............

1,900

14,000

88,700

390

177,400

3,400

8,200

18,500

21,600

20,150

354,240

2,650

11,600

78,300

870

168,200

2,900

8,500

16,000

22,300

19,800

331,120

1,277

2,000

2,333

1,500

2,389

2,000

2,276

2,100

2,313

2,309

2,322

1,551

2,250

2,290

1,572

2,192

2,050

2,426

2,100

2,180

2,188

2,210

1,551

2,250

2,190

1,572

2,194

2,050

2,287

2,100

2,113

2,426

2,193

2,426

28,000

206,900

585

423,856

6,800

18,660

38,850

49,960

46,530

822,567

4,110

26,100

171,490

1,368

369,050

5,945

19,440

33,600

47,110

48,040

726,253

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production (September 2010) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2009 

and Forecasted September 1, 2010

Class, type, and State

Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)

Georgia ..................................................................

North Carolina ........................................................

South Carolina ........................................................

Virginia ...................................................................

United States ..........................................................

Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)

Kentucky .................................................................

Tennessee ..............................................................

Virginia ...................................................................

United States ..........................................................

Class 3A, Light air-cured

Type 31, Burley

 Kentucky .............................................................

 North Carolina ....................................................

 Ohio 1.................................................................

 Pennsylvania ......................................................

 Tennessee ..........................................................

 Virginia ...............................................................

 United States ......................................................

Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt

 Pennsylvania ......................................................

Total light air-cured (31-32) ..................................

Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)

Kentucky .................................................................

Tennessee ..............................................................

United States ..........................................................

Class 4, Cigar filler

Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf

 Pennsylvania ......................................................

Class 5, Cigar binder

Type 51 Connecticut Valley Broadleaf

 Connecticut 1......................................................

 Massachusetts 1.................................................

 United States ......................................................

Class 6, Cigar wrapper

Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown

 Connecticut 1......................................................

 Massachusetts 1.................................................

 United States ......................................................

Total cigar types (41-61) .......................................

All Tobacco

United States ..........................................................

14,000

174,000

18,500

17,500

224,000

9,100

6,400

650

16,150

75,000

3,400

3,400

4,100

14,000

2,000

101,900

2,100

104,000

4,600

1,200

5,800

2,000

1,100

300

1,400

800

90

890

4,290

354,240

11,600

166,000

16,000

17,500

211,100

8,500

6,200

700

15,400

65,000

2,200

2,900

4,200

15,000

1,600

90,900

2,200

93,100

4,800

1,100

5,900

2,100

2,000

750

2,750

650

120

770

5,620

331,120

2,000

2,400

2,100

2,340

2,346

3,500

3,100

2,000

3,281

2,150

1,840

2,000

2,300

1,920

2,140

2,109

2,300

2,113

3,000

2,700

2,938

2,200

1,260

1,620

1,337

1,300

1,100

1,280

1,728

2,322

2,250

2,200

2,100

2,450

2,216

3,300

2,800

2,350

3,056

2,000

1,750

2,050

2,300

1,800

2,200

1,980

2,250

1,986

2,800

2,500

2,744

2,300

1,600

1,600

1,600

1,400

1,400

1,400

1,834

2,193

28,000

417,600

38,850

40,950

525,400

31,850

19,840

1,300

52,990

161,250

6,256

6,800

9,430

26,880

4,280

214,896

4,830

219,726

13,800

3,240

17,040

4,400

1,386

486

1,872

1,040

99

1,139

7,411

822,567

26,100

365,200

33,600

42,875

467,775

28,050

17,360

1,645

47,055

130,000

3,850

5,945

9,660

27,000

3,520

179,975

4,950

184,925

13,440

2,750

16,190

4,830

3,200

1,200

4,400

910

168

1,078

10,308

726,253

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
16 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and United States: 

2009 and 2010

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Winter 1

California ............................

Spring 2

Arizona ...............................

California 1..........................

Florida .................................

 Hastings area ..................

 All other areas .................

North Carolina .....................

Texas ..................................

United States ......................

Summer

California 1..........................

Colorado .............................

Delaware ............................

Illinois ..................................

Kansas ................................

Maryland .............................

Missouri ..............................

New Jersey .........................

Texas ..................................

Virginia ................................

United States ......................

9.0

4.0

17.8

32.6

20.0

12.6

16.0

8.8

79.2

3.4

4.0

1.7

5.4

5.0

2.4

7.3

2.1

5.9

7.0

44.2

(NA)

3.7

31.0

32.4

20.2

12.2

16.0

8.8

91.9

(NA)

4.1

1.6

5.4

4.5

2.1

7.5

2.1

4.9

6.1

38.3

8.7

4.0

17.5

28.9

16.5

12.4

15.0

8.3

73.7

3.4

3.9

1.6

5.2

4.8

2.3

7.1

2.1

5.4

6.9

42.7

(NA)

3.7

31.0

31.0

19.0

12.0

15.5

8.4

89.6

(NA)

4.0

1.6

5.3

4.3

2.1

7.4

2.1

4.6

5.7

37.1

245

280

410

266

260

275

225

235

289

405

400

300

385

360

320

275

260

460

240

340

(NA)

280

395

244

230

265

210

235

291

(NA)

390

250

380

370

310

290

230

390

200

317

2,132

1,120

7,175

7,700

4,290

3,410

3,375

1,951

21,321

1,377

1,560

480

2,002

1,728

736

1,953

546

2,484

1,656

14,522

(NA)

1,036

12,245

7,550

4,370

3,180

3,255

1,974

26,060

(NA)

1,560

400

2,014

1,591

651

2,146

483

1,794

1,140

11,779

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (September 2010) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and United States: 

2009 and 2010 (continued)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010 2009 2010

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Fall 3

California ............................

Colorado .............................

Idaho ..................................

 10 Southwest counties ....

 All other counties ............

Maine .................................

Massachusetts ....................

Michigan .............................

Minnesota ...........................

Montana .............................

Nebraska ............................

Nevada ...............................

New Mexico ........................

New York ............................

North Dakota ......................

Ohio ....................................

Oregon ...............................

Pennsylvania ......................

Rhode Island ......................

Washington ........................

Wisconsin ...........................

United States ......................

All potatoes

United States ......................

8.0

56.0

320.0

19.0

301.0

56.0

3.5

45.0

47.0

11.2

20.0

5.1

6.5

17.1

83.0

2.3

37.0

10.0

0.5

145.0

63.5

936.7

1,069.1

6.4

55.5

295.0

16.0

279.0

55.5

3.7

44.0

43.0

10.0

19.5

5.9

6.3

16.2

90.0

2.1

35.0

10.0

0.5

135.0

62.5

896.1

1,026.3

8.0

55.2

319.0

19.0

300.0

55.5

3.4

43.5

45.0

9.7

19.9

5.1

6.4

16.5

75.0

2.1

37.0

9.5

0.4

143.0

63.0

917.2

1,042.3

6.4

55.2

294.0

16.0

278.0

55.0

3.6

43.5

40.0

9.7

19.2

5.9

6.2

15.6

84.0

2.0

35.0

9.5

0.5

135.0

62.0

882.3

1,009.0

495

400

415

500

410

275

260

360

460

340

440

470

400

300

255

335

580

310

230

610

460

429

414

3,960

22,080

132,500

9,500

123,000

15,263

884

15,660

20,700

3,298

8,756

2,397

2,560

4,950

19,125

704

21,460

2,945

92

87,230

28,980

393,544

431,519

(NA) Not available.

1 Beginning in 2010, winter and summer estimates included in spring total for California.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

3

The forecast of fall potato production will be published in Crop Production on November 9, 2010.
18 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fall Potato Varieties Planted

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducts variety surveys in 8 States, accounting for 75 percent of the 2010 

forecasted U.S. fall potato planted acres. Colorado data are from a growers’ potato variety survey. The remaining 7 States 

conduct objective yield surveys where all producing areas are sampled in proportion to planted acreage. Variety data 

shown below are actual percentages from these surveys.

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2010 Crop

[Preliminary. Final percent of major varieties planted will be published in Crop Production on November 9, 2010]

State

Percent of

planted

acres

State

Percent of

planted

acres

Idaho

R Burbank .................................................

R Norkotah ................................................

Ranger R ..................................................

Alturas ......................................................

Frito-Lay ...................................................

Western R .................................................

Premier R .................................................

Umatilla R .................................................

Norland .....................................................

Other .........................................................

Maine

R Burbank .................................................

Frito-Lay ...................................................

Snowden ...................................................

Shepody ...................................................

Superior ....................................................

Norkotah ...................................................

Yukon Gold ...............................................

Atlantic ......................................................

Reba .........................................................

Innovator ...................................................

Goldrush ...................................................

Katahdin ...................................................

Norland .....................................................

Keuka Gold ...............................................

Marcy ........................................................

Norwis .......................................................

Kennebec .................................................

Other .........................................................

Minnesota

R Burbank .................................................

Norland .....................................................

Umatilla R .................................................

Dakota Rose .............................................

Cascade ...................................................

Snowden ...................................................

Goldrush ...................................................

Premier .....................................................

Other .........................................................

59.6

13.6

12.7

1.8

1.6

1.5

1.1

1.1

1.1

5.9

38.0

15.7

5.8

5.2

3.8

3.5

2.9

2.8

2.1

2.0

1.9

1.6

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.2

1.0

8.4

58.1

25.4

3.6

2.1

1.7

1.7

1.0

1.0

5.4

North Dakota

R Burbank ................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Ranger R .................................................

Dakota Pearl ............................................

Norland ....................................................

Red LaSoda .............................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Yukon Gold ..............................................

Ivory Crisp ................................................

Sangre .....................................................

Bannock ...................................................

Other ........................................................

Oregon

R Norkotah ...............................................

Ranger R .................................................

R Burbank ................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Alturas .....................................................

Modoc ......................................................

Yukon Gold ..............................................

Pike .........................................................

Premier R ................................................

Other ........................................................

Washington

R Burbank ................................................

Umatilla R ................................................

R Norkotah ...............................................

Ranger R .................................................

Alturas .....................................................

Chieftain ..................................................

Premier R ................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Yukon Gold ..............................................

Cascade ..................................................

Other ........................................................

Wisconsin

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Norkotah ..................................................

R Burbank ................................................

Goldrush ..................................................

Norland ....................................................

Silverton R ...............................................

Snowden ..................................................

Superior ...................................................

Atlantic .....................................................

Umatilla ....................................................

Pike .........................................................

Bannock ...................................................

Mega Chip ...............................................

Other ........................................................

46.5

8.4

7.4

6.8

5.4

4.4

4.4

2.8

1.4

1.3

1.1

1.0

9.1

27.9

17.8

17.2

10.7

9.1

5.8

3.1

1.9

1.6

1.2

1.1

2.6

30.6

15.8

14.2

9.8

9.0

4.0

3.3

2.6

2.5

1.4

1.0

5.8

23.9

13.5

13.4

11.0

10.1

6.6

5.5

2.5

2.2

2.0

1.7

1.3

1.1

5.2
Crop Production (September 2010) 19

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – 7-State Total: 2010 Crop

[Preliminary. Final percent of Major Varieties Planted will be published in Crop Production on November 9, 2010. 7-State total includes Idaho, Maine, 

Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin]

Varieties

Percent of

planted

acres

Varieties

Percent of

planted

acres

R Burbank .............................................

R Norkotah ............................................

Ranger R ...............................................

Frito-Lay ................................................

Umatilla R ..............................................

Norland ..................................................

Alturas ...................................................

Shepody ................................................

Premier R ..............................................

Goldrush ................................................

Snowden ...............................................

Yukon Gold ............................................

Chieftain ................................................

Dakota Pearl ..........................................

Red LaSoda ..........................................

Atlantic ..................................................

Western R .............................................

Silverton R .............................................

Superior .................................................

Cascade ................................................

Innovator ...............................................

44.6

11.2

8.9

6.0

4.6

3.6

2.6

2.4

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.3

0.3

Keuka Gold ...........................................

Pike ......................................................

Ivory Crisp ............................................

Bannock ...............................................

Mazama ................................................

Defender ...............................................

Agata ....................................................

Classic ..................................................

Sangre ..................................................

Reba .....................................................

Bintje ....................................................

Durango Red ........................................

Dakota Rose .........................................

Katahdin ...............................................

Marcy ...................................................

Klondike Rose ......................................

Mega Chip ............................................

MoDoc ..................................................

Red Pontiac ..........................................

Norwis ..................................................

Other ....................................................

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

3.3

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Colorado: 2010 Crop

[Preliminary. Final percent of major varieties planted will be published in Crop Production on November 9, 2010]

Varieties

Percent of

planted

acres

Varieties

Percent of

planted

acres

R Norkotah ............................................

Canela R ...............................................

Rio Grande R .........................................

Blazer R .................................................

Centennial R ..........................................

45.9

13.4

6.8

4.8

4.2

Yukon Gold ...........................................

R Nugget ..............................................

Chipeta .................................................

Cherry Red ...........................................

Other ....................................................

4.0

2.7

2.5

0.4

15.3
20 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Oranges by Crop – States and United States: 2008-2009, 2009-2010, and 

Forecasted September 1, 2010

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]

Crop and State

Utilized production 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Early, mid, and navel 2

Arizona 3...................................

California ..................................

Florida .......................................

Texas ........................................

United States ............................

Valencia

Arizona 3...................................

California ..................................

Florida .......................................

Texas ........................................

United States ............................

All

Arizona 3...................................

California ..................................

Florida .......................................

Texas ........................................

United States ............................

150

34,500

84,600

1,300

120,550

100

12,000

77,900

159

90,159

250

46,500

162,500

1,459

210,709

(NA)

42,500

68,600

1,360

112,460

(NA)

14,000

65,000

275

79,275

(NA)

56,500

133,600

1,635

191,735

46,500

5

1,294

3,807

55

5,161

4

450

3,506

7

3,967

9

1,744

7,313

62

9,128

(NA)

1,594

3,087

58

4,739

(NA)

525

2,925

12

3,462

(NA)

2,119

6,012

70

8,201

1,860

(NA) Not available.

1 Net pounds per box: Arizona-75, California-80 (75 prior to the 2010-2011 crop year), Florida-90, Texas-85.

2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in Arizona and California. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small 

quantities of tangerines in Texas and Temples in Florida.

3 Estimates discontinued beginning with the 2009-2010 crop year.

Utilized Production of Nuts by Crop – States: 2008, 2009, and Forecasted September 1, 2010

Crop and State

Utilized production

2008 2009 2010

(tons) (tons) (tons)

Hazelnuts in-shell basis

Oregon ..............................................................

Walnuts in-shell basis

California ..........................................................

32,000

436,000

47,000

437,000

27,000

510,000
Crop Production (September 2010) 21

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This page intentionally left blank.
22 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2009 2010 2009 2010

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all ................................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all ............................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all ...........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all ........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 2....................................................................

3,567

86,482

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,404

350

3,135

1,241

6,633

(NA)

59,133

43,311

2,554

13,268

827.0

(X)

317

51.5

1,116.0

1.0

175.0

77,451

2,030.0

9,149.5

9,008.1

141.4

1,185.8

(NA)

(NA)

20.5

1,537.5

863.3

415.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,069.1

9.0

79.2

44.2

936.7

(NA)

109.9

(NA)

2,972

87,872

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,176

385

3,642

1,186

6,000

54,305

37,723

2,675

13,907

1,523.7

(X)

410

52.0

1,290.0

1.7

183.5

78,868

2,093.0

11,038.0

10,829.0

209.0

1,186.5

(NA)

(NA)

31.5

1,778.0

869.0

655.0

(NA)

1,026.3

(NA)

91.9

38.3

896.1

113.8

3,113

79,590

5,605

59,755

21,227

38,528

1,379

293

3,103

252

5,520

254

49,868

34,485

2,428

12,955

814.0

(X)

314

49.8

1,081.0

0.9

165.5

76,372

1,953.5

7,528.7

7,390.5

138.2

1,148.6

873.9

354.2

13.7

1,463.0

837.9

407.0

(NA)

6.3

39.7

69.8

1,042.3

8.7

73.7

42.7

917.2

20.5

96.9

0.4

2,546

81,005

59,656

20,732

38,924

1,315

3,623

250

5,176

48,263

32,085

2,588

13,590

1,491.7

(X)

405

49.1

1,261.0

1.6

175.0

77,986

2,011.3

10,773.0

10,566.0

207.0

1,143.5

876.2

331.1

22.2

1,707.8

842.9

639.0

31.3

1,009.0

(NA)

89.6

37.1

882.3

110.2

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres.
Crop Production (September 2010) 23

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

Barley ................................................................................... bushels

Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels

Corn for silage ............................................................................tons

Hay, all .......................................................................................tons

 Alfalfa .....................................................................................tons

 All other ..................................................................................tons

Oats ...................................................................................... bushels

Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels

Rice 1........................................................................................... cwt

Rye ....................................................................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels

Sorghum for silage ......................................................................tons

Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels

 Winter ............................................................................... bushels

 Durum ............................................................................... bushels

 Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

Oilseeds

Canola ...................................................................................pounds

Cottonseed .................................................................................tons

Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels

Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds

Peanuts .................................................................................pounds

Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds

Safflower ...............................................................................pounds

Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels

Sunflower ..............................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1............................................................................... bales

 Upland 1................................................................................ bales

 American Pima 1................................................................... bales

Sugarbeets .................................................................................tons

Sugarcane ..................................................................................tons

Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas 1.................................................................. cwt

Dry edible beans 1....................................................................... cwt

Dry edible peas 1......................................................................... cwt

Lentils 1........................................................................................ cwt

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ......................................................................pounds

Hops ......................................................................................pounds

Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds

Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt

 Winter ...................................................................................... cwt

 Spring ...................................................................................... cwt

 Summer ................................................................................... cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................... cwt

Spearmint oil .........................................................................pounds

Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt

Taro (Hawaii) .........................................................................pounds

73.0

164.7

19.3

2.47

3.35

1.98

67.5

33.7

7,085

27.8

69.4

14.5

44.4

44.2

44.9

45.1

1,811

(X)

23.6

991

3,412

1,700

1,462

44.0

1,554

777

766

1,389

25.7

34.8

2,322

1,328

1,733

2,045

1,440

(NA)

1,380

2,383

91

414

245

289

340

429

132

201

(NA)

72.3

162.5

2.58

3.49

2.09

66.3

7,047

72.7

46.9

47.5

42.0

46.6

(X)

3,242

44.7

839

833

1,154

28.9

34.5

2,193

1,798

2,116

(NA)

291

317

227,323

13,110,062

108,209

147,442

71,030

76,412

93,081

9,865

219,850

6,993

382,983

3,680

2,216,171

1,522,718

109,042

584,411

1,474,130

4,148.8

7,423

49,364

3,688,350

1,530

241,970

3,359,011

3,036,460

12,187.5

11,787.6

399.9

29,563

30,432

822,567

182

25,360

17,137

5,859

874

8,700

94,677.9

6,379

431,519

2,132

21,321

14,522

393,544

2,698

19,469

4,000

184,032

13,159,700

153,894

72,455

81,439

87,239

255,319

376,469

2,264,928

1,522,902

108,781

633,245

6,372.0

4,088,100

3,482,899

18,840.8

18,343.0

497.8

33,060

30,209

726,253

30,700

66,120.8

(NA)

26,060

11,779

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Yield in pounds.
24 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2009 2010 2009 2010

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2.............................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2......................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 3....................................................................

1,443,530

34,998,400

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,377,560

141,640

1,268,700

502,220

2,684,310

(NA)

23,930,530

17,527,530

1,033,580

5,369,430

334,680

(X)

128,290

20,840

451,630

400

70,820

31,343,650

821,520

3,702,710

3,645,490

57,220

479,880

(NA)

(NA)

8,300

622,210

349,370

167,950

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

432,650

3,640

32,050

17,890

379,070

(NA)

44,480

(NA)

1,202,740

35,560,920

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,285,300

155,810

1,473,880

479,960

2,428,140

21,976,690

15,266,120

1,082,550

5,628,020

616,630

(X)

165,920

21,040

522,050

690

74,260

31,917,090

847,020

4,466,970

4,382,390

84,580

480,160

(NA)

(NA)

12,750

719,540

351,680

265,070

(NA)

415,330

(NA)

37,190

15,500

362,640

46,050

1,259,800

32,209,280

2,268,290

24,182,250

8,590,350

15,591,900

558,070

118,570

1,255,750

101,980

2,233,890

102,790

20,181,080

13,955,730

982,590

5,242,760

329,420

(X)

127,070

20,150

437,470

360

66,980

30,906,980

790,560

3,046,790

2,990,860

55,930

464,830

353,660

143,360

5,540

592,060

339,090

164,710

(NA)

2,550

16,080

28,250

421,810

3,520

29,830

17,280

371,180

8,300

39,210

180

1,030,340

32,781,910

24,142,190

8,390,030

15,752,150

532,170

1,466,190

101,170

2,094,680

19,531,550

12,984,480

1,047,340

5,499,740

603,680

(X)

163,900

19,870

510,310

650

70,820

31,560,150

813,950

4,359,730

4,275,950

83,770

462,760

354,590

134,000

8,980

691,130

341,110

258,600

12,650

408,330

(NA)

36,260

15,010

357,060

44,600

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2

Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production (September 2010) 25

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

Barley .......................................................................

Corn for grain ............................................................

Corn for silage ..........................................................

Hay, all 1...................................................................

 Alfalfa ...................................................................

 All other ................................................................

Oats ..........................................................................

Proso millet ...............................................................

Rice ..........................................................................

Rye ...........................................................................

Sorghum for grain .....................................................

Sorghum for silage ....................................................

Wheat, all 1...............................................................

 Winter ...................................................................

 Durum ...................................................................

 Other spring ..........................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ......................................................................

Cottonseed ...............................................................

Flaxseed ...................................................................

Mustard seed ............................................................

Peanuts ....................................................................

Rapeseed .................................................................

Safflower ..................................................................

Soybeans for beans ..................................................

Sunflower .................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1...............................................................

 Upland ..................................................................

 American Pima .....................................................

Sugarbeets ...............................................................

Sugarcane ................................................................

Tobacco ....................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas .................................................

Dry edible beans .......................................................

Dry edible peas .........................................................

Lentils .......................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) .........................................................

Hops .........................................................................

Peppermint oil ...........................................................

Potatoes, all 1...........................................................

 Winter ...................................................................

 Spring ...................................................................

 Summer ................................................................

 Fall .......................................................................

Spearmint oil ............................................................

Sweet potatoes .........................................................

Taro (Hawaii) ............................................................

3.93

10.34

43.28

5.53

7.50

4.45

2.42

1.89

7.94

1.74

4.35

32.48

2.99

2.97

3.02

3.03

2.03

(X)

1.48

1.11

3.82

1.91

1.64

2.96

1.74

0.87

0.86

1.56

57.70

78.06

2.60

1.49

1.94

2.29

1.61

(NA)

1.55

2.67

0.10

46.40

27.47

32.43

38.12

48.09

0.15

22.52

(NA)

3.89

10.20

5.78

7.83

4.69

2.38

7.90

4.57

3.16

3.19

2.83

3.13

(X)

3.63

3.00

0.94

0.93

1.29

64.81

77.29

2.46

2.01

2.37

(NA)

32.60

35.59

4,949,370

333,010,910

98,165,550

133,757,130

64,437,330

69,319,800

1,351,070

223,730

9,972,230

177,630

9,728,220

3,338,440

60,314,290

41,441,590

2,967,640

15,905,060

668,650

3,763,730

188,550

22,390

1,673,010

690

109,760

91,417,300

1,377,320

2,653,520

2,566,450

87,070

26,819,100

27,607,450

373,110

8,260

1,150,310

777,320

265,760

39,640

3,950

42,950

2,890

19,573,370

96,710

967,100

658,710

17,850,860

1,220

883,100

1,810

4,006,820

334,271,780

139,610,290

65,730,070

73,880,220

1,266,270

11,581,080

9,562,750

61,641,240

41,446,600

2,960,530

17,234,100

5,780,580

1,854,330

94,788,980

4,102,100

3,993,720

108,380

29,991,530

27,405,140

329,420

1,392,530

29,990

(NA)

1,182,060

534,290

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Production may not add due to rounding.
26 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2008-2010 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2009-2010 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2008 2009 2010

(1,000) (1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ................................................................................................tons

Lemons ...................................................................................................tons

Oranges ..................................................................................................tons

Tangelos (Florida) ...................................................................................tons

Tangerines and mandarins ......................................................................tons

Noncitrus

Apples ..................................................................................... 1,000 pounds

Apricots ...................................................................................................tons

Bananas (Hawaii) ...............................................................................pounds

Grapes ....................................................................................................tons

Olives (California) ...................................................................................tons

Papayas (Hawaii) ...............................................................................pounds

Peaches ..................................................................................................tons

Pears ......................................................................................................tons

Prunes, dried (California) ........................................................................tons

Prunes and plums (excludes California) ..................................................tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .............................................................pounds

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ....................................................................tons

Pecans, in-shell ..................................................................................pounds

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ...................................................................tons

Maple syrup ....................................................................................... gallons

1,548.0

619.0

10,076.0

68.0

527.0

9,633.3

81.6

17,400.0

7,319.3

66.8

33,500.0

1,135.3

869.9

129.0

15.5

1,630,000.0

32.0

194,080.0

436.0

1,912.0

1,304.0

912.0

9,128.0

52.0

443.0

9,914.9

68.7

18,500.0

7,294.8

46.3

31,500.0

1,103.8

957.2

166.0

18.6

1,410,000.0

47.0

291,830.0

437.0

2,404.0

1,228.0

863.0

8,201.0

41.0

595.0

9,476.1

67.3

7,093.4

140.0

1,126.0

854.8

150.0

13.4

1,650,000.0

27.0

510.0

1,955.0

1 Production years are 2007-2008, 2008-2009, and 2009-2010.
Crop Production (September 2010) 27

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2008-2010 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2009-2010 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2008 2009 2010

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ......................................................................................

Lemons .........................................................................................

Oranges .........................................................................................

Tangelos (Florida) .........................................................................

Tangerines and mandarins ............................................................

Noncitrus

Apples ...........................................................................................

Apricots .........................................................................................

Bananas (Hawaii) ..........................................................................

Grapes ..........................................................................................

Olives (California) ..........................................................................

Papayas (Hawaii) ..........................................................................

Peaches ........................................................................................

Pears .............................................................................................

Prunes, dried (California) ...............................................................

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .........................................

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .........................................................

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ..........................................................

Pecans, in-shell .............................................................................

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ..........................................................

Maple syrup ...................................................................................

1,404,320

561,550

9,140,790

61,690

478,090

4,369,590

74,040

7,890

6,639,920

60,600

15,200

1,029,940

789,110

117,030

14,060

739,360

29,030

88,030

395,530

9,560

1,182,970

827,350

8,280,780

47,170

401,880

4,497,320

62,340

8,390

6,617,770

42,000

14,290

1,001,320

868,380

150,590

16,870

639,570

42,640

132,370

396,440

12,020

1,114,020

782,900

7,439,820

37,190

539,770

4,298,290

61,050

6,435,020

127,010

1,021,480

775,460

136,080

12,160

748,430

24,490

462,660

9,770

1 Production years are 2007-2008, 2008-2009, and 2009-2010.
28 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn producing States during 

2010. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey.

Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2006-2010

State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Minnesota 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Missouri

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

28,050

28,000

28,000

28,000

26,450

26,350

26,350

26,350

28,600

28,600

28,600

28,600

21,800

21,750

21,750

21,750

28,850

28,900

28,900

28,900

24,350

24,350

24,350

24,350

28,000

28,100

28,100

28,100

27,350

27,350

27,350

27,350

29,100

29,100

29,100

29,100

20,600

20,500

20,500

20,500

29,850

29,800

29,750

29,750

24,200

24,300

24,300

24,300

29,150

29,000

28,950

28,900

28,500

28,350

28,350

28,350

29,300

29,250

29,250

29,250

20,250

20,950

20,950

20,950

30,150

30,100

30,150

30,050

25,700

25,700

25,700

25,700

29,650

29,550

29,600

29,550

28,350

28,400

28,350

28,350

29,500

29,450

29,400

29,400

22,650

22,600

22,600

22,600

30,800

30,600

30,600

30,600

25,700

25,500

25,500

25,500

29,750

28,300

30,050

21,850

29,850

25,700

Nebraska

All corn

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

24,750

24,550

24,600

24,450

27,400

27,200

27,200

27,200

20,650

20,450

20,550

20,250

26,250

26,250

26,200

26,200

23,900

24,000

24,000

24,000

27,250

27,100

27,450

27,450

25,000

25,000

25,000

25,000

27,250

27,250

27,200

27,200

21,350

21,300

21,350

21,350

26,900

26,700

26,600

26,600

23,400

23,100

23,150

23,150

28,800

28,700

28,800

28,800

24,500

24,300

24,250

24,250

27,250

27,350

27,250

27,250

20,000

19,900

19,900

19,900

27,750

27,800

27,800

27,800

22,950

23,100

23,100

23,100

28,800

28,500

28,250

28,250

25,700

25,700

25,700

25,750

28,250

28,250

28,250

28,300

21,750

21,700

21,700

21,700

28,300

28,450

28,200

28,200

24,300

24,250

24,300

24,300

28,150

28,150

27,700

27,650

25,700

27,750

22,350

28,400

24,550

28,600
Crop Production (September 2010) 29

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Number of Ears Acre – Selected States: 2006-2010

State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Indiana

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Iowa

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Kansas 

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Minnesota 

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Missouri

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

27,600

27,450

27,400

27,400

25,850

25,750

25,700

25,750

27,350

27,350

27,350

27,350

20,850

20,750

20,750

20,750

28,050

28,250

28,250

28,250

23,850

23,800

23,800

23,800

27,750

27,750

27,750

27,750

26,950

26,800

26,800

26,800

28,500

28,400

28,450

28,400

20,900

20,800

20,800

20,800

28,850

28,600

28,600

28,600

23,950

23,950

23,950

23,950

28,600

28,500

28,400

28,350

27,950

27,700

27,700

27,700

28,600

28,600

28,600

28,600

19,850

20,600

20,650

20,650

29,900

29,350

29,450

29,400

25,050

25,000

24,900

24,900

29,150

28,900

28,900

28,900

27,950

28,100

28,000

27,950

29,250

29,200

29,200

29,200

22,750

22,650

22,750

22,700

30,250

30,750

30,800

30,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

28,650

27,900

29,450

21,250

29,750

25,100

Nebraska

All corn

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Ohio

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

23,850

23,700

23,700

23,550

26,750

26,600

26,600

26,650

19,400

19,150

19,200

18,800

25,200

25,350

25,450

25,450

22,050

21,900

21,700

21,700

26,750

26,850

27,200

27,200

24,850

24,750

24,750

24,750

27,200

27,000

27,000

27,000

21,100

21,050

21,100

21,100

26,350

26,000

25,950

25,950

23,250

22,700

22,700

22,700

27,800

27,700

27,850

27,850

24,050

23,950

23,900

23,900

26,800

27,000

26,900

26,900

19,550

19,500

19,550

19,550

26,950

27,400

27,250

27,250

24,150

23,900

23,800

23,800

27,750

28,300

27,950

27,900

25,650

25,650

25,600

25,650

27,900

27,950

27,900

27,950

22,100

22,050

22,000

22,000

27,700

27,950

27,650

27,650

26,150

26,050

26,050

26,050

27,500

28,850

28,150

28,100

25,250

27,100

22,350

27,700

24,850

28,700
30 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean producing States during 

2010. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2006-2010

State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas 1

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

(NA)

1,645

1,655

1,667

1,860

1,890

1,923

1,923

1,764

1,893

1,909

1,909

1,688

1,758

1,760

1,760

1,466

1,509

1,581

1,581

(NA)

1,621

1,665

1,690

1,800

1,796

1,818

1,831

1,667

1,660

1,628

1,641

1,787

1,917

1,933

1,932

1,605

1,524

1,608

1,609

(NA)

1,569

1,723

1,715

1,621

1,893

1,801

1,829

1,608

1,577

1,648

1,659

1,758

1,732

1,770

1,775

1,346

1,487

1,581

1,629

(NA)

1,785

1,794

1,865

1,610

1,672

1,676

1,687

1,516

1,525

1,583

1,594

1,858

1,878

1,868

1,879

1,627

1,759

1,784

1,768

1,970

1,878

2,009

1,402

Minnesota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Missouri

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Nebraska

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

North Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

1,500

1,586

1,568

1,568

1,673

1,746

1,738

1,735

1,699

1,801

1,784

1,766

1,127

1,241

1,260

1,260

1,868

1,895

1,835

1,866

1,255

1,345

1,316

1,312

1,558

1,589

1,588

1,588

1,566

1,579

1,685

1,697

1,876

2,042

2,088

2,084

1,323

1,445

1,500

1,497

1,892

1,850

1,909

1,909

1,476

1,492

1,510

1,510

1,466

1,493

1,470

1,472

1,538

1,473

1,673

1,690

1,692

1,766

1,857

1,857

1,261

1,261

1,405

1,405

1,942

1,755

1,618

1,616

1,425

1,465

1,492

1,492

1,456

1,542

1,611

1,581

1,856

1,983

2,083

2,122

1,793

1,878

1,868

1,868

1,208

1,236

1,317

1,318

1,846

1,769

1,757

1,712

1,513

1,642

1,683

1,682

1,679

1,924

1,906

1,375

1,991

1,527

(NA) Not available.

1 September data not available due to plant immaturity.
Crop Production (September 2010) 31

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2010. 

Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and 

measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2006-2010

[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs 

per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls]

State 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Georgia

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Louisiana

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Mississippi

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

North Carolina

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Texas

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

859

814

849

824

824

648

675

774

790

790

760

781

786

785

785

700

699

695

695

695

637

641

671

671

671

530

477

533

544

544

790

839

849

849

849

616

570

707

708

708

796

808

841

841

841

819

745

747

747

747

527

601

625

625

625

602

538

631

632

632

943

810

852

846

846

587

613

733

742

742

655

578

579

579

579

909

679

728

722

722

667

652

702

704

704

633

513

579

573

573

1,051

814

803

794

794

571

731

712

737

737

714

792

756

788

788

925

833

717

722

722

701

730

779

777

777

613

522

502

502

502

911

609

699

864

681

658
32 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Production (September 2010) 33

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

August Weather Summary

Seasonably dry weather prevailed in the Far West, while a patchwork pattern of showers affected the remainder of the 

Nation. Meanwhile, cooler-than-normal conditions across the northern High Plains and much of the West contrasted with 

above-normal temperatures in the eastern two-thirds of the United States. Warmth across the central and eastern United 

States promoted rapid summer crop maturation, while crop development lagged the normal pace in parts of the West.

West of the Rockies, fieldwork activities included Northwestern small grain harvesting. In the Four Corners States, an 

erratic monsoon left some areas with abundant rainfall but resulted in mostly dry weather in other locations.

Farther east, spotty rainfall on the Plains was heaviest from Montana to Kansas. On the southern Plains, however, a hot, 

dry August increased stress on pastures and immature summer crops.

In fact, August dryness was most pronounced in a broad area stretching from Texas into the Ohio Valley and the lower 

Great Lakes region. The hot, dry weather arrived too late to significantly harm corn, but adversely affected pastures and 

immature summer crops such as soybeans. In contrast, much of the western Corn Belt continued to receive adequate to 

locally excessive rainfall.

Most of the Southeast also received frequent showers due in part to the remnants of Tropical Depression Five. The 

Southeastern rainfall helped to offset the effects of late-season heat. Elsewhere, pockets of drought persisted or intensified 

in the middle and northern Atlantic States.

August Agricultural Summary

While near-normal temperatures prevailed from the Rocky Mountains westward, above average temperatures blanketed 

the United States from the Great Plains to the Atlantic Coast, promoting rapid summer crop development and small grain 

harvest. Most notably, temperatures in portions Texas, the Delta, and the Great Lakes region climbed to as many as 

8 degrees above normal during the month. Above average precipitation dotted the country during August, with areas in 

Iowa and along the Gulf Coast receiving rainfall totaling 12 inches or more. Elsewhere, abnormally dry conditions were 

evident in the Pacific Coast States and in a band stretching from Texas northeastward into the Ohio Valley.

Nearly ideal growing conditions during the month promoted the continued rapid phenological development of this year’s 

corn crop. By August 1, acreage at or beyond the silking stage had advanced to 93 percent complete, 19 percentage points 

ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average, with progress throughout the Corn Belt nearly 

complete, ahead of both last year and normal. Acreage at or beyond the dough stage reached 52 percent complete by 

August 8, thirteen days ahead of last year and nearly 5 days ahead of the average. Hot temperatures during the latter half 

of the month helped maintain a quick maturity pace in most States. By August 29, corn acreage at or beyond the dough 

stage had advanced to 94 percent, while 73 percent of the crop was at or beyond the dented stage, 43 percentage points, or 

over 18 days, ahead of last year, and the earliest date in the past 10 years that nearly three-quarters of the crop was dented. 

Crop maturity had reached 17 percent complete, 12 percentage points ahead of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of 

the 5-year average. Overall, corn condition ratings declined slightly during the month, with 70 percent of the crop reported 

in good to excellent condition on August 29, compared with 71 percent on August 1 and 70 percent from the same time 

last year. In Iowa, the largest corn-producing State, excessive rainfall early in the month left many low-lying fields 

completely saturated, stunting growth and yellowing portions of the crop.

While heading of the Nation’s sorghum crop was 55 percent complete by August 1, nearly 5 days ahead of last year and 

slightly ahead of the 5-year average, 28 percent of this year’s acreage was at the coloring stage or beyond, slightly behind 

both last year and the average. Most notably, coloring was nearly two weeks behind normal in Texas, the second largest 

sorghum-producing State. With activity limited to the Delta and Texas, 22 percent of the sorghum crop was at or beyond 

the mature stage by August 8, four percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. 

Improved growing conditions promoted double-digit coloring in portions of Colorado and the Great Plains mid-month, 

and by August 15, Nationwide progress ahead of last year for the first time this season. Heading was complete or nearly 

complete in all 11 major estimating States except New Mexico by August 29, ahead of both last year and the average. 

Boosted by warm late-month temperatures, coloring continued at a rapid pace and had advanced to 58 percent complete, 
34 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

12 percentage points ahead of last year. Twenty-six percent of the sorghum crop was mature by August 29, behind both 

last year and the 5-year average, with harvest underway and well ahead of normal in the Delta but 19 percentage points 

behind last year in Texas. Overall, 62 percent of the sorghum crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

August 29, down 7 percentage points from ratings on August 1 but 13 percentage points better than the same time last 

year. In Kansas, the largest sorghum-producing State, triple-digit temperatures combined with persistently dry weather 

mid-month depleted soil moisture levels and stressed portions of the crop.

Oat harvest was ongoing in the nine major estimating States as the month began, but was nearing completion in Ohio and 

Texas. The harvest pace was rapid throughout much of the major producing areas as warm, sunny weather provided 

excellent conditions for fieldwork. During the 14 days between August 1 and August 15, producers harvested 32 percent 

of the Nation’s crop. In contrast, wet fields in Wisconsin, the largest oat-producing State, slowed harvest during the latter 

half of the month causing progress to fall behind normal. By August 29, producers had harvested 96 percent of the oat 

crop, well ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. As harvest surpassed the halfway point during the 

week ending August 8, seventy-seven percent of the oat crop was reported in good to excellent condition, 21 percentage 

points better than the same time last year.

By August 1, ninety-seven percent to the barley crop was at or beyond the heading stage, on par with last year but slightly 

behind the 5-year average, with harvest underway in most States. Despite mostly ideal weather that provided ample time 

for fieldwork during the first half of the month, harvest remained behind normal in Idaho, Montana, North Dakota, and 

Washington, four of the six largest barley-producing States due to early-season development delays. Harvest remained 

fast-paced during the latter half of August, and by August 29, seventy-one percent of the barley crop had been combined, 

28 percentage points ahead of last year but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As harvest surpassed the 

halfway point during the week ending August 22, eighty-four percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent 

condition, down slightly from ratings on August 1 but 4 percentage points better than the same time last year.

As August began, winter wheat harvest was complete or nearly complete throughout much of the major producing areas, 

while progress in the Pacific Northwest and Montana significantly trailed normal. By August 1, eighty-three percent of the 

Nation’s crop was harvested, on par with last year’s pace but 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest in 

Montana was just beginning, 19 days behind normal, following unusually cool temperatures that slowed phenological 

development of the crop early in the growing season. Warm, mostly dry weather provided nearly ideal harvest conditions 

in Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Washington throughout the month allowing producers ample time to harvest 50 percent 

or more their crop from August 2 to August 22. Nationally, harvest had advanced to 95 percent by August 22, behind both 

last year and the 5-year average.

Following cooler than normal temperatures in late July, warm temperatures returned to Idaho and Montana in early 

August, aiding rapid head development and maturation of the spring wheat crop although progress in these States 

remained behind normal. Nationally, 98 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage by August 1, slightly 

ahead of last year but slightly behind the 5-year average. Harvest was underway in five of the six major estimating States 

as the calendar rolled to August with 5 percent of the crop harvested, 2 percentage points ahead of last year but 

8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. While harvest was just beginning in Idaho and Montana, warm, sunny 

weather provided producers in the Dakotas and Minnesota, three of the four largest spring wheat-producing States, ample 

time to harvest 12 percent or more of their crop during the week ending August 8. Despite a steady harvest pace 

throughout the month, delays of 10 days or more were evident in Idaho, Montana, and Washington on August 22. By 

August 29, sixty-nine percent of the spring wheat crop had been harvested, 33 percentage points, or 15 days, ahead of last 

year but 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 82 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good 

to excellent condition on August 22, compared with 82 percent on August 1 and 72 percent from the same time last year.

Warm temperatures throughout the growing season across much of the major rice-producing areas pushed head 

development ahead of both last year and the average pace. By August 1, rice acreage at or beyond the heading stage had 

reached 65 percent, 26 percentage points ahead of last year and 18 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. In 

Arkansas, the largest rice-producing State, head development was over 13 days ahead of normal by August 1, with 

3 percent of the crop reported as being ripe. In contrast, rice fields in California had just started to head, leaving progress

13 percentage points, or over 10 days, behind normal. By August 8, harvest was well underway in Louisiana and Texas 

but had just begun in portions of Arkansas and Mississippi. While heading was complete throughout the Delta by 
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August 29, progress continued to trail normal in California and Texas. Rice producers had harvested 32 percent of the 

Nation’s crop by August 29, seventeen percentage points ahead of last year and 15 percentage points ahead of the 5-year 

average. Overall, 68 percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on August 29, down 4 percentage 

points from ratings on August 1 but up 2 percentage points from the same time last year.

Warm, mostly sunny weather in late July boosted phenological development of the Nation’s soybean crop. By August 1, 

blooming had advanced to 86 percent complete, 12 percentage points, or 8 days, ahead of last year and 3 percentage 

points ahead of the 5-year average, while pods were setting on 53 percent of this year’s acreage, 20 percentage points, or 

over one week, ahead of last year and 5 percentage points ahead of the average. Blooming was complete or nearly 

complete in the Corn Belt and Delta by August 8. Hot, humid conditions prevailed throughout much of the major 

soybean-producing areas mid-month, maintaining a rapid pod setting pace in areas of the Great Plains and Great Lakes 

region, while timely late-month rainfall aided pod filling in portions of the Corn Belt. By August 29, ninety-six percent of 

the soybean acreage was at or beyond the pod setting stage, ahead of both last year and the average, with progress 

complete or nearly complete in all 18 major estimating States except Kansas, Missouri, and North Carolina. With progress 

most advanced in Louisiana and Mississippi, leaf drop was evident on 8 percent of the Nation’s soybean acreage by 

August 29, five percentage points ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 64 percent of the 

soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition on August 29, a 2 point decline from ratings on August 1 and 

5 percentage points below the same time last year. In Iowa, the largest soybean-producing State, increased instances of 

sudden death syndrome, as well as heavy rainfall and localized flooding that led to the drowning out of some fields caused 

a decline in crop condition ratings mid-month.

While hot temperatures and dry soils continued to hamper peg development in Virginia leaving progress over two weeks 

behind normal, 86 percent of the Nation’s crop was at or beyond the pegging stage by August 1, seven percentage points 

ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. In Georgia, the largest peanut-producing State, early-month 

rainfall and improved soil moisture conditions pushed pegging to 99 percent complete by August 8, ahead of both last 

year and the average. By August 15, pegging was complete on 96 percent of this year’s peanut acreage, 5 percentage 

points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 59 percent of the peanut crop was 

reported in good to excellent condition on August 29, up 2 percentage points from ratings on August 1 and 13 percentage 

points below the same time last year.

Cotton acreage at or beyond the squaring stage had advanced to 96 percent complete by August 1, three percentage points 

ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average, with progress complete or nearly complete in all 

15 major estimating States except Alabama, Oklahoma, and Virginia. In Texas, the largest cotton-producing State, ideal 

weather in the Northern High Plains provided excellent growing conditions for the cotton crop throughout much of the 

season, pushing boll set to 9 days ahead of normal by August 8. Conversely, unusually hot temperatures coupled with dry 

soils hampered crop development in Virginia. By August 15, ninety percent of the cotton crop was setting bolls, 

8 percentage points ahead of last year and 7 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average, with bolls opening on 

14 percent of this year’s acreage, 5 percentage points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year 

average. During the latter half of the month, an adequate number of heat units promoted rapid crop maturity in northern 

Texas, while producers in South Central Texas were busy defoliating their crop. By August 29, ninety-six percent of the 

cotton crop was setting bolls, ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Boosted by warm temperatures, bolls were 

opening at a rapid pace across much of the Delta and Southeast where progress was well ahead of both last year and 

normal. Nationally, bolls were opening on 29 percent of the cotton acreage by August 29, eleven percentage points ahead 

of last year and 6 percentage points ahead of the average. Overall, 60 percent of the cotton crop was reported in good to 

excellent on August 29, compared with 66 percent on August 1 and 51 percent from the same time last year. Condition 

ratings were fairly steady during the first half of August, but began to decline as warmer than normal temperatures and a 

lack of available soil moisture began to stress cotton fields in areas of Texas mid-month. Toward month’s end, spider 

mites negatively impacted fields in the Southern High Plains of Texas, while army worms and grasshoppers were evident 

in areas of the Cross Timbers.
36 Crop Production (September 2010)

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Crop Comments

Corn: Area harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 81.0 million acres, unchanged from August but up 

2 percent from last year. 

As of August 29, seventy percent of the corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition in the 18 major producing 

States, down 1 percentage point from last month but up 1 percentage point from a year ago. Condition ratings declined 

from last month throughout much of the central and western Corn Belt, as well as the Tennessee Valley, mainly due to 

above normal temperatures and less than ideal soil conditions. 

The September 1 corn objective yield data indicate the second highest number of ears per acre on record for the combined 

10 objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

Wisconsin), only behind the record year of 2009. Record high ear counts are forecast in Iowa, Missouri, Ohio, and 

Wisconsin.

Above normal temperatures across much of the Nation’s major corn producing areas during the first half of August 

promoted rapid phenological development of this year’s crop. As of August 29, ninety-four percent of the corn was at or 

beyond the dough stage, 21 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average pace. 

At the same time, frequent showers with locally heavy rainfall in the western Corn Belt and upper Midwest caused 

additional lowland flooding and maintained adequate to locally excessive moisture reserves. Drier conditions and milder 

temperatures moved through the Midwest during the latter part of the month, helping to dry out saturated fields in the 

northern and western Corn Belt. 

By August 29, seventy-three percent of the corn acreage was at or beyond the dent stage compared with the 5-year 

average of 55 percent. All States were tied or ahead of their 5-year average pace except for Missouri, Pennsylvania, and 

Texas. 

Sorghum: Production is forecast at 376 million bushels, down 2 percent from both last month and last year. Expected 

area for harvest as grain is forecast at 5.18 million acres, unchanged from August but down 6 percent from 2009. Based 

on September 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 72.7 bushels per acre, down 1.4 bushels from August but up 3.3 bushels 

from last year.

As of August 29, the sorghum crop had progressed to 26 percent mature, slightly behind last year and the 5-year average. 

Harvest progress had reached 17 percent as of August 29, compared with 24 percent at the same time last year and 

23 percent for the 5-year average. The Nation’s sorghum crop was rated 62 percent good to excellent, compared with 

49 percent at the same time last year. Yield forecasts are at or below last month’s levels in all of the major 

sorghum-producing States except New Mexico and Oklahoma. In Kansas, the top producing State, producers are 

expecting a yield of 80 bushels per acre, down 2 bushels from last month and 8 bushels below the 2009 record yield. 

Producers in Texas, the second largest sorghum-producing State, expect the crop to yield 69 bushels per acre, down one 

bushel from last month but up 21 bushels from last year.

Rice: Production is forecast at 255 million cwt, up 4 percent from the August forecast and up 16 percent from last year. 

Based on administrative data, planted area now totals 3.64 million acres, up 4 percent from the June estimate and up 

16 percent from 2009. Area for harvest is expected to total 3.62 million acres, up 4 percent from August and up 17 percent 

from 2009. As of September 1, the average United States yield is forecast at 7,047 pounds per acre, up 8 pounds from the 

previous forecast but down 38 pounds from last year. Expected yields are up from last month in all States except 

California and Arkansas. Expected yield is down 300 pounds from the August forecast in California and is unchanged 

from last month in Arkansas. If the forecasts are realized, new record-high yields will be achieved in Louisiana and 

Missouri.

As of August 29, ninety-three percent of the United States acreage was headed, 5 percentage points ahead of last year but 

1 point behind the 5-year average. Crop development was well ahead of normal in all States except California and Texas. 

In California, wet field conditions and spring rainstorms delayed planting, and in Texas, high winds and little rain made it 

difficult to get a good stand. Thirty-two percent of the United States acreage was harvested as of August 29, well ahead of 
Crop Production (September 2010) 37

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last year and the 5-year average at 15 and 17 percent, respectively. Sixty-eight percent of the United States acreage was 

rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 66 percent rated a year earlier. 

Soybeans: Area for harvest is forecast at 78.0 million acres, unchanged from June but up 2 percent from 2009. Harvested 

area, if realized, will be the largest on record.

The September objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, 

Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a higher pod count 

compared with last year, as the crop was planted and has developed ahead of last year’s pace throughout the growing 

season. Compared with final counts for 2009, pod counts are up in 7 States, with increases of more than 270 pods per 

18 square feet in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. The largest decrease from 2009’s final pod count is expected in Kansas, 

down 366 pods per 18 square feet.

Soybean development began the month of August ahead of normal with 53 percent of soybeans setting pods by August 1, 

five percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. The pattern continued during the month and 96 percent of the soybean 

crop was at or beyond the pod-setting stage by August 29, four points ahead of last year and 1 point ahead of normal. Of 

the States where progress was lagging behind normal, the only State that was more than a point behind the 5-year average 

at the end of August was Kansas, which lagged behind the normal pace by 5 percentage points.

As of August 29, sixty-four percent of the United States soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 

5 percentage points behind the same week in 2009. Crop conditions declined during August in the Central Great Plains, 

the central and southern Corn Belt, as well as in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee. Declines of 15 points or more 

occurred in Kansas, Kentucky, and Tennessee as hot, dry weather persisted during August. Meanwhile, increases of 5 or 

more points in percent rated good to excellent occurred in Iowa, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Dakota. If realized, 

the forecasted yield in Illinois, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York, and North Dakota will be a record high.

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 4.09 billion pounds, up 1 percent from the August forecast and up 11 percent from last 

year. Based on administrative data, planted area, at 1.29 million acres, is unchanged from the June estimate but up 

16 percent from the previous year. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.26 million acres, unchanged from August but up 

17 percent from 2009. Yields are expected to average 3,242 pounds per acre, up 38 pounds from August but down 

170 pounds from last year.

Production in the Southeast States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina) is expected to total 

3.11 billion pounds, up 3 percent from August and 11 percent higher than last year. Planted area, at 987,000 acres, is up 

2 percent from June and 16 percent higher than 2009. Area for harvest is forecast at 965,000 acres, up 2 percent from 

August and up 17 percent from last year. Yields in the region are expected to average 3,223 pounds per acre, up 

41 pounds from August but 150 pounds below last year’s average yield. Expected yields increased from last month by 

100 pounds in Georgia and South Carolina but decreased 100 pounds in Alabama due to severe drought conditions. Yields 

are unchanged from August in Florida and Mississippi. 

Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 307 million pounds, down 4 percent from August but up 6 percent from 

2009. Planted area, at 107,000 acres, is down 4 percent from June but up 35 percent from last year. Area for harvest is 

forecast at 106,000 acres, down 5 percent from August but up 36 percent from the previous year. Average yield is forecast 

at 2,898 pounds per acre, up 21 pounds from last month but 802 pounds below last year. Hot, dry weather conditions this 

summer have resulted in lower yields in the region, but recent rains in Virginia have aided the crop, resulting in an 

increase in expected yield from last month of 200 pounds. Expected yield in North Carolina is unchanged from August.

Southwest peanut production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 671 million pounds, down 

5 percent from August but up 11 percent from last year. Planted area is estimated at 196,000 acres, down 6 percent from 

June but up 5 percent from 2009. Area for harvest, at 190,000 acres, is down 6 percent from August but 9 percent higher 

than last year. Yields in the region are expected to average 3,532 pounds per acre, up 42 pounds from August and 

63 pounds higher than the previous year. Expected yields are down from last month in New Mexico and Oklahoma but are 

up in Texas, the largest State in the region.
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Cotton: Upland cotton growers planted 10.8 million acres, up 1 percent from the June estimate and up 20 percent from a 

year ago. Growers expect to harvest 10.6 million acres, up 1 percent from last month and 43 percent above last year. 

Based on administrative information, harvested area estimates were increased from a month ago in all States except 

Alabama, California, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. American Pima cotton producers planted 209,000 acres, up 

48 percent from last year. American Pima harvested area, at 207,000 acres, was carried forward from last month’s 

forecast.

During the early part of August, producers in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South

Carolina, and Virginia) battled with excessive heat when daytime temperatures exceeded 100 degrees for several days in a 

row. Due to the excessive heat and lack of rain, the crop developed ahead of normal. By month’s end, defoliation was 

underway in Georgia and Alabama with limited harvesting on early planted fields. As of August 29, the crop was rated in 

mostly good to fair condition except in Virginia where the crop was rated in poor to fair condition. Objective yield 

measurements in Georgia showed bolls per acre to be the highest on record.

Upland growers in the Delta States battled extreme heat during the first week of August but by the middle of August the 

region received much needed rainfall. Due the fast developing crop, defoliation was underway throughout the Delta by 

mid-August with harvest beginning by the last week. The crop was rated in mostly good to fair condition. In Mississippi, 

objective yield measurements showed the boll weights to be the second heaviest in the last 10 years, while in Louisiana, 

boll weights were the lowest in the last 10 years. Objective yield data in Arkansas showed bolls per acre to be the largest 

on record.

In South Texas, harvest was in full swing by the first of the month and nearing completion by month’s end. In the Plains 

region of Texas, the crop received hot, dry weather and very little rainfall. The crop was developing behind normal and 

was rated in mostly good to fair condition. Data from the objective yield survey showed bolls per acre to be the second 

largest on record and boll weights are also the second largest on record. In Oklahoma and Kansas, the crop developed 

ahead of normal due to excessive heat received throughout the month. The crop was rated in mostly fair to good 

condition. 

Upland cotton in Arizona and California was progressing slightly behind normal. With the later developing crop, 

producers were concerned about not receiving the necessary heat units to develop full maturity before fall harvest season 

begins. In Arizona, defoliation of the crop was underway by the middle of the month and by the last of the month harvest 

was beginning in the State. 

American Pima production forecast was carried forward from last month at 497,800 bales, up 25 percent from last year. 

The United States yield is forecast at 1,154 pounds per harvested acre, down 235 pounds from last year. 

Ginnings totaled 286,650 running bales prior to September 1, compared with 110,100 running bales ginned prior to the 

same date last year and 334,650 running bales in 2008.

Tobacco: United States all tobacco production for 2010 is forecast at 726 million pounds, slightly above last month but 

12 percent below 2009. Area harvested is forecast at 331,120 acres, up 1 percent from August but 7 percent below 2009. 

Yields for 2010 are expected to average 2,193 pounds per acre, down 17 pounds from August and 129 pounds less than 

2009.

Flue-cured tobacco production is expected to total 468 million pounds, up 3 percent from the previous forecast but down 

11 percent from 2009. Growers plan to harvest 211,100 acres in 2010, up 2 percent from the previous forecast but 

6 percent below last year. Yields are expected to average 2,216 pounds per acre, up 22 pounds from the August 1 forecast 

but 130 pounds below last year. Yields in North Carolina, the leading flue-cured tobacco State, are expected to average 

2,200 pounds, unchanged from the August forecast. Yields in Georgia and South Carolina also remained unchanged from 

the previous forecast. In Virginia, yields are expected to average 2,450 pounds, an increase of 250 pounds from last 

month.

Burley production is expected to total 180 million pounds, down 5 percent from the August forecast and 16 percent below 

last year. Burley growers plan to harvest 90,900 acres, slightly below the August report and 11 percent below 2009. If 
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realized, this will be the lowest burley tobacco acreage on record. Yields are expected to average 1,980 pounds per acre, 

90 pounds below the previous forecast and 129 pounds lower than last year. Growers in Kentucky, the leading burley 

tobacco State, expect production to total 130 million pounds, 5 percent below last month and down 19 percent from 2009. 

Yields have decreased from a month ago in Kentucky, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee mostly due to hot and dry weather 

earlier in the summer.

Fire-cured tobacco production is expected to total 47.1 million pounds, down 1 percent from last month and 11 percent 

below the 2009 crop. Growers plan to harvest 15,400 acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but 5 percent below last 

year. The expected average yield is 3,056 pounds per acre, down 34 pounds from the previous forecast and 225 pounds 

below 2009. 

Southern Maryland Belt Tobacco production in Pennsylvania is expected to total 4.95 million pounds, down 10 percent 

from the previous forecast but 2 percent above 2009. A total of 2,200 acres is expected to be harvested, unchanged from 

the August forecast but 5 percent above last year. Average yield, at 2,250 pounds per acre, is 250 pounds below the 

previous forecast and 50 pounds below last year.

Dark air-cured tobacco is expected to total 16.2 million pounds, down 3 percent from last month and 5 percent below 

2009. Growers plan to harvest 5,900 acres, unchanged from last month but up 2 percent from last year. Yields are 

expected to average 2,744 pounds per acre, down 81 pounds from last month and 194 pounds below a year ago. Reported 

contract acreage in Kentucky remains at low levels following last year’s major reduction.

All Cigar type production is expected to total 10.3 million pounds, down 2 percent from last month but up 39 percent from 

2009. Growers of cigar type tobacco plan to harvest 5,620 acres, unchanged from August but 31 percent above a year ago. 

Overall, yield is expected to average 1,834 pounds per acre, down 38 pounds from last month but 106 pounds above 2009. 

New England growers are reporting a better cigar tobacco crop this year when compared with the two previous seasons.

Summer potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 11.8 million cwt, down 10 percent from the July forecast 

and 19 percent below 2009. Harvested area is estimated at 37,100 acres, down 4 percent from the July forecast and 

13 percent below last year. Average yield is forecast at 317 cwt per acre, down 22 cwt from July and 23 cwt below 2009. 

Forecasted yields are below last month in seven of the nine estimating States due to excessive heat.

Colorado’s yield, at 390 cwt per acre, is 20 cwt below July. Reports of disease resulted in reduced yields. Warm 

temperatures during August lowered yield expectations in Illinois. In Texas, extremely wet conditions during planting 

followed by drought during harvest hindered the crop.

Fall potatoes, 2009: Production of 2009 fall potatoes is finalized at 394 million cwt, 4 percent above the 2008 crop. Area 

harvested, at 917,200 acres, decreased 1 percent from 2008. The average yield, at 429 cwt per acre, is a record high and 

was up 18 cwt from 2008.

All potatoes, 2009: Final production of potatoes from all four seasons in 2009 totaled 432 million cwt, up 4 percent from 

2008. Area harvested is estimated at 1.04 million acres, down slightly from a year earlier. Average yield, at 414 cwt per 

acre, was up 18 cwt from 2008.

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 30.2 million tons, down fractionally from the 

August 1 forecast and down 1 percent from 2009. Production decreases from last year are expected in Hawaii and 

Louisiana, while increases are expected in Florida and Texas. Producers intend to harvest 876,200 acres for sugar and 

seed in 2010, down 7,000 acres from last month but up 2,300 acres from last year. In Texas, harvested acreage for sugar 

and seed is expected to total 52,000 acres. If realized, this will be a record high for the State. Conversely, producers in 

Hawaii are expected to harvest 17,200 acres for sugar and seed. If realized, this will be a record low for the State. 

Expected yield is forecast at 34.5 tons per acre, up 0.2 ton from the August 1 forecast but down 0.3 ton from 2009.

Warm temperatures in Florida promoted rapid phenological development in many sugarcane fields, leaving much of the 

crop in excellent condition. Although producers in portions of the State were treating some fields for orange rust, the 
40 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

impact was not expected to jeopardize the crop. Elsewhere, condition ratings from August 29 indicated 70 percent of 

Louisiana’s crop to be good to excellent.

Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2010 crop year is forecast at 33.1 million tons, up 2 percent from the 

August 1 forecast and 12 percent above 2009. Producers expect to harvest 1.14 million acres, down 2,500 acres from the 

August 1 forecast and down 5,100 acres from 2009. Expected yield is forecast at 28.9 tons per acre, an increase of 0.6 ton 

from the previous forecast and 3.2 tons from last year. If realized, this will be a record high yield for the United States. 

Record high yields are also expected in Colorado, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, and Wyoming.

By August 29, harvest was underway ahead of the normal pace in several sugarbeet-producing States. Producers in 

Michigan, Minnesota, and North Dakota had harvested 3, 4, and 5 percent of their crop, respectively, while harvest was 

expected to begin in Idaho within the next couple of weeks. On August 29, ninety-seven percent of Minnesota’s sugarbeet 

crop was reported in good to excellent condition, while ratings in North Dakota indicated 85 percent of the crop in good to 

excellent condition.

Florida citrus: High temperatures were mainly in the 90s, while low temperatures were generally in the 70s. The citrus 

producing region received thunderstorms and scattered showers throughout the month. Weekly rainfall totals in most 

areas varied, ranging from less than one up to five inches. However, mild to moderate drought was reported in Indian 

River County and surrounding counties. Production practices included marking and pushing unproductive trees, irrigating, 

applying herbicides, spraying, mowing, some hedging and topping, and removing brush. Growers were also focusing on 

psyllid control using both aerial and ground spraying.

California citrus: Picking of Valencia oranges continued in the Central Valley and along the southern coast. Fertilization 

and irrigation of orange groves was ongoing. The lemon harvest along the southern coast neared completion.

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: The blueberry, blackberry, strawberry, and apricot harvests were completed in the 

San Joaquin Valley. Strawberry nurseries in Siskiyou County were prepared for fumigation, while strawberry fields in the 

San Joaquin Valley were prepared for fall planting. Prune harvest began while peaches, nectarines, and plums continued 

to be harvested and packed. Gala apples were picked in the San Joaquin Valley while other apple varieties continued to 

develop. The table grape harvest continued in the San Joaquin Valley while the wine grape harvest got underway and 

raisin grapes continued to develop. Cooler temperatures slowed development in Napa County vineyards potentially 

delaying harvest as a result. Maintenance to orchards, groves, and vineyards continued with the spraying of fungicides, 

fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides as necessary.

There was shaking and harvesting of Nonpareil almond varieties in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys as hull 

splitting continued. Good size development continued in walnut, pistachio, and pecan orchards, as some trees were 

propped up to support their heavy set. Insecticide applications were ongoing.

Hazelnuts: Production in Oregon is forecast at 27,000 tons, 43 percent below last year’s revised production of 

47,000 tons. If realized, this will be the lowest production since 2002. From 1992 to 2003, hazelnut production exhibited a 

biennial bearing pattern with wide swings in production. Since then, the crop deviated from this pattern, especially in 

2003-2004, but has now returned to the biennial pattern.

The September forecast is based on the hazelnut objective yield survey conducted annually in Oregon. The average size 

per good nut was 5.28, and the percentage of good nuts analyzed in the laboratory was 77.7, a 20 year low. Brown stained 

nuts totaled less than 1 percent of the nuts sampled. In general, the nuts sampled were both larger in size and heavier in 

weight than the previous year. This has historically been the case in smaller crops. 

The complete report is available at: 

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Oregon/Publications/Fruits_Nuts_and_Berries/hazelpr10.pdf

Walnuts: California production is forecast at 510,000 tons, up 17 percent from last year’s 437,000 tons. Bearing acreage, 

at 227,000, is up 4,000 acres from last year. The September forecast is based on the walnut objective measurement survey 

conducted August 1 through August 26, 2010.
Crop Production (September 2010) 41

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Survey data indicated an average nut set per tree of 1,690, up 11 percent from 2009's average of 1,523. Percent of sound 

kernels in-shell was 97.8 statewide. In-shell weight per nut was 21.3 grams, while the average in-shell suture 

measurement was 32.1 millimeters. The average length in-shell was 38.5 millimeters.

Adequate chilling hours, above average rainfall, and a generally mild summer have all aided the 2010 walnut crop. This 

year’s above average rainfall not only replenished groundwater supplies, but also helped the trees build a more vigorous 

root system. Harvest is expected to start a little later than normal due to cooler than average summer temperatures.

The complete report is available at: 

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Fruits_and_Nuts/201009walom.pdf
42 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology

Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 25 and September 7 to 

gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and soybeans were 

conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States production. Farm 

operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample 

plots in selected fields for the objective yield survey (corn, cotton, and soybeans). The counts made within each sample 

plot depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants is recorded along with other 

measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used 

with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to 

obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After 

the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. 

Approximately 13,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. 

These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields.

Estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for 

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Field Office submits an analysis of the 

current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to 

prepare the published September 1 forecasts. 

Revision policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each 

month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing 

season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. 

Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of 

planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered 

the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in 

September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains 

Annual report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. 

Revisions to planted acres will only be made when special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service Agency 

program “sign up” data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production 

forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the September 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean 

Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the 

final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing 

recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is 

5.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final 

estimate by more than 5.1 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not 

exceed 8.8 percent.

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the September 1 

forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the September 1 forecast and the final 

estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 353 million bushels, ranging from 19 million bushels to 892 million 

bushels. The September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 13 times and above 7 times. This does not imply that 

the September 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production (September 2010) 43

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts

[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop Root mean

square error

90 percent

confidence

interval

Difference between forecast

and final estimate

Production Years

Average Smallest Largest Below

final

Above

final

(percent) (percent) (millions) (millions) (millions) (number) (number)

Corn for grain ..................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain .............................. bushels

Rice .......................................................... cwt

Soybeans for beans ........................... bushels

Upland cotton 1...................................... bales

5.1

7.8

3.6

5.3

7.2

8.8

13.5

6.2

9.2

12.5

353

27

5

124

1,075

19

1

(Z)

33

225

892

114

16

288

2,366

13

9

13

13

12

7

11

7

7

8

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

1 Quantity is in thousands of units.
44 Crop Production (September 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch .......................................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section ...................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

 Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice........................................................................................................ (202) 720-7688

 Shiela Corley – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum........................................................................ (202) 720-5944

 Bryan Durham – Hay, Oats.............................................................................................................. (202) 690-3234

 Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed ......................................................................... (202) 720-9526

 Nick Schauer – Wheat, Rye ............................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops....................................................................... (202) 720-7621

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..................................................................(202) 720-7369

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................(202) 720-2127

 Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries......................................(202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...............................................(202) 720-4288

 Dawn Keen – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ........................................................(202) 720-4215

 Steve Maliszewski – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Tropical Fruits..........................................................(202) 720-5412

 Tierra Mobley – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ....................................................(202) 720-4285

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mints,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ..................................................(202) 720-3250

 Kim Ritchie – Hops..........................................................................................................................(360) 709-2400
Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:

 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov

 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free 

subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Receive NASS Updates” box under “Receive reports by 

Email,” click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive. 

 Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free 

(800) 999-6779, or (703) 605-6220 if calling from outside the United States or Canada. Accepted methods of 

payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 

7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

 

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the 

basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental 

status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's 

income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with 

disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) 

should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., 

Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity 

provider and employer.
USDA Data Users’ Meeting

Monday October 25, 2010

Crowne Plaza Chicago-Metro

Chicago, Illinois 60661

312-829-5000

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data users. 

The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and information 

programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to be represented will 

include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, the Foreign Agricultural 

Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade Division from the Census 

Bureau will also be included in the meeting. 

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS homepage 

at http://www.nass.usda.gov/meeting/ or contact Marie Jordan (NASS) at 202-690-8141 or at 

marie_jordan@nass.usda.gov.

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook Meeting that will be held at the same location 

on Tuesday October 26, 2010. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from various commodity 

sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional information for the Industry

Outlook Meeting, see the Livestock and Marketing Information Center (LMIC) homepage at

http://www.lcmic.info/ or contact Erica Rosa 303-236-0461 at rosa@lmic.info or Laura Lahr 303-236-

0464 at lahr@lmic.info.