Cr Pr 2-2 (9-08) 

Washington, D.C.

Crop 

Production

Released September 12, 2008, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 

For information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. 

Corn Production Down 2 Percent from August Forecast 

Soybean Production Down 1 Percent 

Cotton Production Up 1 Percent 

Corn production is forecast at 12.1 billion bushels, down 2 percent from last month and 8 percent below 2007. Based on 

conditions as of September 1, yields are expected to average 152.3 bushels per acre, down 2.7 bushels from August but 

1.2 bushels above last year. If realized, yield will be the second highest on record, behind 2004, while production will be the 

second largest, behind last year. Yield forecasts are lower than last month across the northern and eastern Corn Belt and the 

Ohio and Tennessee Valleys where the lack of rainfall during August reduced soil moisture supplies and stressed the crop. 

Yield prospects also decreased across much of the middle Mississippi Valley and adjacent areas of the Great Plains as dry 

weather during August eliminated soil moisture surpluses. 

Soybean production is forecast at 2.93 billion bushels, down 1 percent from the August forecast but up 13 percent from last 

year. If realized, this will be the fourth largest production on record. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to 

average 40.0 bushels per acre, down 0.5 bushel from last month and down 1.2 bushels from 2007. Compared with last month, 

yields are forecast lower or unchanged in the mid-Atlantic States, the central and eastern Corn Belt, Louisiana, Nebraska, and 

South Dakota. Yields increased or are unchanged from the August 1 forecast across the Southeast and the remainder of the 

Great Plains. Area for harvest in the U.S. is forecast at 73.3 million acres, unchanged from last month but up 17 percent from

2007. 

All Cotton production is forecast at 13.8 million 480-pound bales, up 1 percent from last month but down 28 percent from 

last year. Yield is expected to average 849 pounds per harvested acre, up 7 pounds from last month but down 30 pounds from 

the record yield in 2007. Upland cotton production is forecast at 13.4 million 480-pound bales, up 1 percent from last month 

but 27 percent below 2007. Producers in Texas are expecting increased yields from last month, while Georgia producers 

expect lower yields due to the effects of Tropical Storm Fay. Upland growers in Arkansas and Oklahoma are expecting 

record high yields, surpassing the records set in 2004 and 2007, respectively. American-Pima production is forecast at 

459,000 bales, down 46 percent from last year. Producers expect to harvest 9.41 million acres of all cotton and 7.66 million 

acres of upland cotton, both down 25 percent from last year and the lowest harvested acreage since 1983. American-Pima 

harvested area is expected to total 170,000 acres, down 41 percent from 2007. 

California navel orange production for the 2008-09 season is forecast at 32.0 million boxes (1.20 million tons), down 

34 percent from last season’s revised production of 48.5 million boxes (1.82 million tons). This initial forecast is based on an 

objective measurement survey conducted in California’s Central Valley between July 21 and August 27. Survey results show 

average fruit set per tree is at the lowest level on record, down 48 percent from last year’s set and down 23 percent from the 

previous record low. The low fruit set is due to high temperatures in May which resulted in excessive fruit drop. Average 

fruit size is lower than average, but fruit quality is expected to be good. 

Hurricane Gustav 

Hurricane Gustav made landfall on September 1, then moved northward through Louisiana and into Arkansas over the 

course of several days. Because the information in this report is based on conditions as of September 1, the full impact 

of this weather event is not reflected in this report. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 2 NASS, USDA 

This report was approved on September 12, 2008. 

Secretary of 

Agriculture 

Edward T. Schafer 

Agricultural Statistics Board 

Chairperson 

Carol C. House 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 3 NASS, USDA 

Contents

 

Page 

Grains & Hay

 Corn for Grain................................................................................................................................................................4 

 Plant Population Per Acre ........................................................................................................................................26 

 Ears Per Acre ...........................................................................................................................................................27 

 Rice, by Class.................................................................................................................................................................6 

 Sorghum for Grain .........................................................................................................................................................5 

Oilseeds

 Peanuts...........................................................................................................................................................................9 

 Soybeans ........................................................................................................................................................................8 

 Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet ........................................................................................................................28 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton.............................................................................................................................................................................9 

 Cumulative Boll Counts...........................................................................................................................................29 

 Cottonseed....................................................................................................................................................................11 

 Sugarbeets....................................................................................................................................................................11 

 Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed......................................................................................................................................11 

 Tobacco........................................................................................................................................................................12 

Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts

 Papayas ........................................................................................................................................................................19 

 Hazelnuts .....................................................................................................................................................................19 

 Walnuts ........................................................................................................................................................................19 

Citrus Fruits 

 Oranges ........................................................................................................................................................................18 

Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops

 Potatoes........................................................................................................................................................................14 

Crop Comments..................................................................................................................................................................34 

Crop Summary....................................................................................................................................................................20 

Information Contacts..........................................................................................................................................................41 

Reliability of Production Data in this Report...................................................................................................................39 

Weather Maps.....................................................................................................................................................................30 

Weather Summary..............................................................................................................................................................32 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 4 NASS, USDA 

Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State 

and United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield Production 

State 2008 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

AL 

AR 

CA 

CO 

DE 

GA 

IL 

IN 

IA 

KS 

KY 

LA 

MD 

MI 

MN 

MS 

MO 

NE 

NJ 

NM 

NY 

NC 

ND 

OH 

OK 

PA 

SC 

SD 

TN 

TX 

VA 

WA 

WI 

Oth 

 Sts 1

US 

280 

590 

200 

1,060 

185 

450 

13,050 

6,370 

13,850 

3,700 

1,360 

730 

455 

2,350 

7,800 

940 

3,250 

9,200 

82 

55 

550 

1,020 

2,350 

3,610 

270 

980 

370 

4,500 

785 

2,000 

405 

120 

3,280 

345 

86,542 

230 

450 

215 

1,170 

152 

320 

11,800 

5,350 

12,900 

3,900 

1,150 

500 

410 

2,080 

7,250 

760 

2,600 

8,750 

74 

60 

640 

830 

2,150 

3,150 

320 

950 

330 

4,200 

640 

2,250 

360 

80 

2,950 

319 

79,290 

79.0 

168.0 

180.0 

142.0 

97.0 

130.0 

175.0 

155.0 

171.0 

140.0 

129.0 

165.0 

103.0 

124.0 

146.0 

150.0 

142.0 

160.0 

125.0 

175.0 

127.0 

100.0 

116.0 

150.0 

145.0 

128.0 

100.0 

121.0 

106.0 

148.0 

85.0 

210.0 

135.0 

148.5 

151.1 

95.0 

165.0 

175.0 

150.0 

125.0 

140.0 

172.0 

164.0 

171.0 

134.0 

141.0 

155.0 

130.0 

148.0 

165.0 

140.0 

146.0 

163.0 

120.0 

175.0 

131.0 

84.0 

122.0 

160.0 

130.0 

130.0 

65.0 

135.0 

118.0 

126.0 

104.0 

210.0 

141.0 

150.7 

155.0 

92.0 

165.0 

175.0 

145.0 

120.0 

135.0 

172.0 

162.0 

168.0 

134.0 

137.0 

150.0 

126.0 

140.0 

163.0 

140.0 

142.0 

157.0 

115.0 

175.0 

131.0 

75.0 

125.0 

152.0 

134.0 

122.0 

55.0 

135.0 

115.0 

124.0 

104.0 

210.0 

137.0 

150.7 

152.3 

22,120 

99,120 

36,000 

150,520 

17,945 

58,500 

2,283,750 

987,350 

2,368,350 

518,000 

175,440 

120,450 

46,865 

291,400 

1,138,800 

141,000 

461,500 

1,472,000 

10,250 

9,625 

69,850 

102,000 

272,600 

541,500 

39,150 

125,440 

37,000 

544,500 

83,210 

296,000 

34,425 

25,200 

442,800 

51,233 

13,073,893 

21,160 

74,250 

37,625 

169,650 

18,240 

43,200 

2,029,600 

866,700 

2,167,200 

522,600 

157,550 

75,000 

51,660 

291,200 

1,181,750 

106,400 

369,200 

1,373,750 

8,510 

10,500 

83,840 

62,250 

268,750 

478,800 

42,880 

115,900 

18,150 

567,000 

73,600 

279,000 

37,440 

16,800 

404,150 

48,060 

12,072,365 

1

 Other States include AZ, FL, ID, MT, OR, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2008 

Summary." 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 5 NASS, USDA 

Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State 

and United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield Production 

State 2008 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

AR 

CO 

IL 

KS 

LA 

MO 

NE 

NM 

OK 

SD 

TX 

Oth 

 Sts 1

US 

215 

150 

77 

2,650 

245 

105 

240 

75 

220 

130 

2,450 

248 

6,805 

140 

180 

77 

2,750 

95 

105 

240 

45 

260 

110 

2,250 

190 

6,442 

94.0 

37.0 

81.0 

80.0 

97.0 

96.0 

98.0 

40.0 

58.0 

62.0 

66.0 

73.0 

74.2 

97.0 

25.0 

75.0 

71.0 

95.0 

93.0 

91.0 

45.0 

46.0 

60.0 

52.0 

67.4 

63.7 

97.0 

27.0 

85.0 

76.0 

93.0 

95.0 

89.0 

45.0 

46.0 

65.0 

52.0 

69.9 

66.1 

20,210 

5,550 

6,237 

212,000 

23,765 

10,080 

23,520 

3,000 

12,760 

8,060 

161,700 

18,111 

504,993 

13,580 

4,860 

6,545 

209,000 

8,835 

9,975 

21,360 

2,025 

11,960 

7,150 

117,000 

13,282 

425,572 

1

 Other States include AL, AZ, CA, GA, KY, MS, NC, PA, SC, and TN. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 

2008 Summary." 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 6 NASS, USDA 

Rice: Area Planted and Harvested by Class, State, and 

United States, 2006-2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 1

Area Planted Area Harvested 

2006 2007 2008 2 2006 2007 2008 

Class 

and 

State Long Grain 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 

AR 

CA 

LA 

MS 

MO 

TX 

US 

1,300.0 

6.0 

340.0 

190.0 

215.0 

149.0 

2,200.0 

1,185.0 

9.0 

357.0 

190.0 

179.0 

143.0 

2,063.0 

1,250.0 

9.0 

455.0 

230.0 

198.0 

168.0 

2,310.0 

1,295.0 

5.0 

335.0 

189.0 

213.0 

149.0 

2,186.0 

1,180.0 

9.0 

355.0 

189.0 

177.0 

142.0 

2,052.0 

1,245.0 

9.0 

450.0 

229.0 

197.0 

167.0 

2,297.0 

 Medium Grain 

AR 

CA 

LA 

MO 

TX 

US 

105.0 

460.0 

10.0 

1.0 

1.0 

577.0 

145.0 

460.0 

23.0 

1.0 

3.0 

632.0 

100.0 

460.0 

15.0 

2.0 

2.0 

579.0 

104.0 

458.0 

10.0 

1.0 

1.0 

574.0 

144.0 

459.0 

23.0 

1.0 

3.0 

630.0 

99.0 

458.0 

15.0 

2.0 

2.0 

576.0 

 Short Grain 

AR 

CA 

US 

1.0 

60.0 

61.0 

1.0 

65.0 

66.0 

1.0 

50.0 

51.0 

1.0 

60.0 

61.0 

1.0 

65.0 

66.0 

1.0 

50.0 

51.0 

 All 

AR 

CA 

LA 

MS 

MO 

TX 

US 

1,406.0 

526.0 

350.0 

190.0 

216.0 

150.0 

2,838.0 

1,331.0 

534.0 

380.0 

190.0 

180.0 

146.0 

2,761.0 

1,351.0 

519.0 

470.0 

230.0 

200.0 

170.0 

2,940.0 

1,400.0 

523.0 

345.0 

189.0 

214.0 

150.0 

2,821.0 

1,325.0 

533.0 

378.0 

189.0 

178.0 

145.0 

2,748.0 

1,345.0 

517.0 

465.0 

229.0 

199.0 

169.0 

2,924.0 

1

 Sweet rice acreage and production included with short grain. 2

 Updated from "Acreage" released June 30, 2008. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 7 NASS, USDA 

Rice: Yield and Production by Class, State, and 

United States, 2006-2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 1

Yield Production 

2008 2006 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2006 2007 2008 2

Class 

and 

State 

Long Grain 

Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 

AR 

CA 

LA 

MS 

MO 

TX 

US 

6,860 

5,800 

5,820 

7,000 

6,400 

7,200 

6,689 

7,120 

7,100 

6,150 

7,450 

6,900 

6,620 

6,929 

88,837 

290 

19,497 

13,230 

13,632 

10,728 

146,214 

84,016 

639 

21,833 

14,081 

12,213 

9,400 

142,182 157,348 

 Medium Grain 

AR 

CA 

LA 

MO 

TX 

US 

6,750 

7,880 

5,960 

6,400 

3,200 

7,631 

7,230 

8,530 

6,040 

6,600 

5,500 

8,124 

7,020 

36,090 

596 

64 

32 

43,802 

10,411 

39,153 

1,389 

66 

165 

51,184 46,285 

 Short Grain 

AR 

CA 

US 

6,000 

6,100 

6,098 

6,000 

6,200 

6,197 

60 

3,660 

3,720 

60 

4,030 

4,090 3,281 

 All 

AR 

CA 

LA 

MS 

MO 

TX 

US 

6,850 

7,660 

5,820 

7,000 

6,400 

7,170 

6,868 

7,130 

8,220 

6,140 

7,450 

6,900 

6,600 

7,185 

7,200 

7,700 

5,900 

7,200 

7,300 

7,200 

7,116 

7,200 

7,800 

5,700 

7,400 

7,100 

7,200 

7,076 

95,917 

40,040 

20,093 

13,230 

13,696 

10,760 

193,736 

94,487 

43,822 

23,222 

14,081 

12,279 

9,565 

197,456 

96,840 

40,326 

26,505 

16,946 

14,129 

12,168 

206,914 

1

 Sweet rice acreage and production included with short grain. 2

 Indicated September 1, 2008, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data 

become available through the growing season. State estimates by class will be published in the "Crop Production 2008 Summary."
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 8 NASS, USDA 

Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State 

and United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield Production 

State 2008 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

AL 

AR 

DE 

GA 

IL 

IN 

IA 

KS 

KY 

LA 

MD 

MI 

MN 

MS 

MO 

NE 

NJ 

NY 

NC 

ND 

OH 

OK 

PA 

SC 

SD 

TN 

TX 

VA 

WI 

Oth 

 Sts 1

US 

180 

2,790 

145 

275 

8,150 

4,680 

8,520 

2,550 

1,080 

590 

380 

1,740 

6,150 

1,420 

4,550 

3,770 

79 

203 

1,360 

2,990 

4,130 

175 

420 

425 

3,180 

970 

82 

480 

1,330 

26 

62,820 

310 

3,150 

182 

405 

8,950 

5,550 

9,300 

3,100 

1,320 

970 

460 

1,890 

6,950 

2,180 

5,100 

4,700 

85 

231 

1,570 

3,340 

4,580 

285 

440 

490 

4,040 

1,380 

185 

530 

1,630 

38 

73,341 

21.0 

36.0 

24.0 

30.0 

43.0 

45.0 

51.5 

33.0 

26.0 

42.0 

27.0 

39.0 

41.0 

40.0 

37.0 

50.5 

31.0 

38.0 

21.0 

35.0 

47.0 

24.0 

41.0 

19.0 

42.0 

18.0 

37.0 

27.0 

39.0 

28.8 

41.2 

24.0 

36.0 

33.0 

30.0 

42.0 

46.0 

47.0 

32.0 

39.0 

34.0 

34.0 

41.0 

40.0 

35.0 

37.0 

50.0 

32.0 

45.0 

28.0 

34.0 

45.0 

25.0 

42.0 

24.0 

41.0 

30.0 

23.0 

29.0 

42.0 

33.3 

40.5 

28.0 

38.0 

28.0 

30.0 

42.0 

43.0 

47.0 

35.0 

36.0 

32.0 

29.0 

38.0 

40.0 

38.0 

37.0 

48.0 

30.0 

46.0 

28.0 

35.0 

42.0 

27.0 

39.0 

27.0 

40.0 

30.0 

23.0 

27.0 

38.0 

33.3 

40.0 

3,780 

100,440 

3,480 

8,250 

350,450 

210,600 

438,780 

84,150 

28,080 

24,780 

10,260 

67,860 

252,150 

56,800 

168,350 

190,385 

2,449 

7,714 

28,560 

104,650 

194,110 

4,200 

17,220 

8,075 

133,560 

17,460 

3,034 

12,960 

51,870 

750 

2,585,207 

8,680 

119,700 

5,096 

12,150 

375,900 

238,650 

437,100 

108,500 

47,520 

31,040 

13,340 

71,820 

278,000 

82,840 

188,700 

225,600 

2,550 

10,626 

43,960 

116,900 

192,360 

7,695 

17,160 

13,230 

161,600 

41,400 

4,255 

14,310 

61,940 

1,266 

2,933,888 

1

 Other States include FL and WV. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2008 Summary." 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 9 NASS, USDA 

Peanuts: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield and Production by State and 

United States, 2006-2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Planted Area Harvested State 

2006 2007 2008 1

 2006 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 

AL 

FL 

GA 

MS 

NM 

NC 

OK 

SC 

TX 

VA 

US 

165.0 

130.0 

580.0 

17.0 

12.0 

85.0 

23.0 

59.0 

155.0 

17.0 

1,243.0 

160.0 

130.0 

530.0 

19.0 

10.0 

92.0 

18.0 

59.0 

190.0 

22.0 

1,230.0 

195.0 

145.0 

695.0 

22.0 

8.0 

99.0 

19.0 

71.0 

255.0 

24.0 

1,533.0 

163.0 

120.0 

575.0 

16.0 

12.0 

84.0 

22.0 

56.0 

145.0 

17.0 

1,210.0 

157.0 

119.0 

520.0 

18.0 

10.0 

90.0 

17.0 

56.0 

187.0 

21.0 

1,195.0 

191.0 

133.0 

685.0 

21.0 

8.0 

98.0 

18.0 

67.0 

250.0 

23.0 

1,494.0 

Yield Production 

State 2008 2006 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2006 2007 2008 

Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

AL 

FL 

GA 

MS 

NM 

NC 

OK 

SC 

TX 

VA 

US 

2,500 

2,500 

2,780 

2,900 

3,600 

3,200 

2,850 

3,000 

3,550 

3,200 

2,863 

2,600 

2,700 

3,150 

3,300 

3,500 

2,800 

3,400 

3,100 

3,950 

2,700 

3,130 

2,700 

3,200 

3,100 

3,200 

3,500 

2,900 

2,800 

3,200 

3,800 

2,900 

3,151 

3,000 

3,100 

3,150 

3,300 

3,500 

2,900 

3,800 

3,400 

3,500 

2,900 

3,188 

407,500 

300,000 

1,598,500 

46,400 

43,200 

268,800 

62,700 

168,000 

514,750 

54,400 

3,464,250 

408,200 

321,300 

1,638,000 

59,400 

35,000 

252,000 

57,800 

173,600 

738,650 

56,700 

3,740,650 

573,000 

412,300 

2,157,750 

69,300 

28,000 

284,200 

68,400 

227,800 

875,000 

66,700 

4,762,450 

1

 Updated from "Acreage" released June 30, 2008. 

Cotton: Area Planted by Type, State, 

and United States, 2007-2008 

Upland Amer-Pima All State 

2007 2008 1

 2007 2008 1 2007 2008 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

400.0 

170.0 

860.0 

195.0 

85.0 

1,030.0 

47.0 

335.0 

660.0 

380.0 

43.0 

500.0 

175.0 

180.0 

515.0 

4,900.0 

60.0 

10,535.0 

290.0 

130.0 

650.0 

120.0 

67.0 

950.0 

35.0 

290.0 

365.0 

310.0 

37.0 

440.0 

170.0 

135.0 

285.0 

4,900.0 

65.0 

9,239.0 

2.5 

260.0 

4.7 

25.0 

292.2 

1.0 

155.0 

3.0 

16.0 

175.0 

400.0 

172.5 

860.0 

455.0 

85.0 

1,030.0 

47.0 

335.0 

660.0 

380.0 

47.7 

500.0 

175.0 

180.0 

515.0 

4,925.0 

60.0 

10,827.2 

290.0 

131.0 

650.0 

275.0 

67.0 

950.0 

35.0 

290.0 

365.0 

310.0 

40.0 

440.0 

170.0 

135.0 

285.0 

4,916.0 

65.0 

9,414.0 

1

 Updated from "Acreage" released June 30, 2008. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 10 NASS, USDA 

Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State, 

and United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield Production 1

2008 

Type 

and 

State 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Bales 2 1,000 Bales 2

Upland 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

Amer-Pima 

 AZ 

 CA 

 NM 

 TX 

 US 

All 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

385.0 

168.0 

850.0 

194.0 

81.0 

995.0 

43.0 

330.0 

655.0 

379.0 

39.0 

490.0 

165.0 

158.0 

510.0 

4,700.0 

59.0 

10,201.0 

2.5 

257.0 

4.6 

24.0 

288.1 

385.0 

170.5 

850.0 

451.0 

81.0 

995.0 

43.0 

330.0 

655.0 

379.0 

43.6 

490.0 

165.0 

158.0 

510.0 

4,724.0 

59.0 

10,489.1 

285.0 

128.0 

640.0 

117.0 

65.0 

940.0 

28.0 

285.0 

360.0 

307.0 

34.0 

438.0 

155.0 

134.0 

280.0 

3,400.0 

64.0 

7,660.0 

1.0 

151.0 

3.0 

15.0 

170.0 

285.0 

129.0 

640.0 

268.0 

65.0 

940.0 

28.0 

285.0 

360.0 

307.0 

37.0 

438.0 

155.0 

134.0 

280.0 

3,415.0 

64.0 

7,830.0 

519 

1,469 

1,071 

1,608 

687 

801 

639 

1,017 

966 

968 

1,095 

767 

817 

486 

565 

843 

829 

864 

883 

1,481 

856 

920 

1,419 

519 

1,460 

1,071 

1,536 

687 

801 

639 

1,017 

966 

968 

1,070 

767 

817 

486 

565 

843 

829 

879 

701 

1,461 

1,113 

1,503 

734 

809 

603 

909 

934 

963 

1,050 

786 

819 

651 

765 

734 

833 

831 

960 

1,347 

960 

840 

1,292 

701 

1,457 

1,113 

1,407 

734 

809 

603 

909 

934 

963 

1,036 

786 

819 

651 

765 

735 

833 

842 

714 

1,425 

1,125 

1,600 

738 

797 

617 

775 

1,027 

969 

988 

789 

898 

688 

806 

748 

788 

839 

960 

1,335 

800 

1,024 

1,296 

714 

1,421 

1,125 

1,451 

738 

797 

617 

775 

1,027 

969 

973 

789 

898 

688 

806 

749 

788 

849 

416.0 

514.0 

1,896.0 

650.0 

116.0 

1,660.0 

57.2 

699.0 

1,318.0 

764.0 

89.0 

783.0 

281.0 

160.0 

600.0 

8,250.0 

101.9 

18,355.1 

4.6 

793.0 

8.2 

46.0 

851.8 

416.0 

518.6 

1,896.0 

1,443.0 

116.0 

1,660.0 

57.2 

699.0 

1,318.0 

764.0 

97.2 

783.0 

281.0 

160.0 

600.0 

8,296.0 

101.9 

19,206.9 

424.0 

380.0 

1,500.0 

390.0 

100.0 

1,560.0 

36.0 

460.0 

770.0 

620.0 

70.0 

720.0 

290.0 

192.0 

470.0 

5,300.0 

105.0 

13,387.0 

2.0 

420.0 

5.0 

32.0 

459.0 

424.0 

382.0 

1,500.0 

810.0 

100.0 

1,560.0 

36.0 

460.0 

770.0 

620.0 

75.0 

720.0 

290.0 

192.0 

470.0 

5,332.0 

105.0 

13,846.0 

1

 Production ginned and to be ginned. 

2

 480-lb. net weight bale. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 11 NASS, USDA 

Cottonseed: Production, United States, 

2006-2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Production State 

2006 2007 2008 1

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

US 7,347.9 6,588.7 4,713.0 

1

 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio. 

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State 

and United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield 1 Production 1

State 2008 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

FL 

HI 

LA 

TX 

US 

393.0 

22.9 

420.0 

43.7 

879.6 

400.0 

22.0 

405.0 

41.5 

868.5 

36.1 

68.3 

30.4 

33.4 

34.1 

39.4 

75.8 

28.0 

39.8 

35.0 

39.4 

75.8 

27.0 

39.8 

34.6 

14,177 

1,564 

12,768 

1,460 

29,969 

15,760 

1,668 

10,935 

1,652 

30,015 

1

 Net tons. 

Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and United States, 

2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 1

Area Harvested Yield Production 

State 2008 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

CA 

CO 

ID 

MI 

MN 

MT 

NE 

ND 

OR 

WA 

WY 

US 

39.1 

29.2 

167.0 

149.0 

481.0 

47.0 

44.3 

247.0 

11.0 

2.0 

30.2 

1,246.8 

30.9 

28.6 

117.0 

136.0 

431.0 

30.7 

37.0 

212.0 

5.9 

1.6 

27.0 

1,057.7 

37.5 

26.2 

34.4 

23.4 

23.8 

24.7 

23.5 

23.1 

31.9 

42.0 

21.8 

25.6 

37.0 

24.0 

29.7 

24.0 

22.3 

24.6 

21.5 

23.0 

30.2 

40.0 

22.0 

24.1 

39.1 

27.0 

30.5 

24.5 

22.7 

25.5 

23.5 

23.0 

31.2 

39.4 

24.0 

24.7 

1,466 

765 

5,745 

3,487 

11,448 

1,161 

1,041 

5,706 

351 

84 

658 

31,912 

1,208 

772 

3,569 

3,332 

9,784 

783 

870 

4,876 

184 

63 

648 

26,089 

1

 Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except CA. In CA, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central CA and to 

year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern CA. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 12 NASS, USDA 

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and 

United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield Production 

State 2008 2007 2008 2007 

Aug 1 Sep 1 

2007 2008 

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

CT 

GA 

KY 

MA 

MO 1

NC 

OH 

PA 

SC 

TN 

VA 

US 

2,900 

18,500 

89,200 

1,320 

1,600 

170,000 

3,500 

7,900 

20,500 

19,980 

20,600 

356,000 

2,600 

16,500 

86,400 

690 

1,450 

175,000 

3,100 

7,900 

20,000 

21,800 

20,600 

356,040 

1,699 

2,150 

2,136 

1,675 

2,330 

2,255 

2,050 

2,177 

2,250 

1,934 

2,240 

2,191 

1,581 

2,450 

2,319 

1,423 

2,100 

2,236 

2,000 

2,289 

2,250 

2,443 

2,262 

2,271 

1,581 

2,350 

2,343 

1,445 

2,100 

2,288 

1,950 

2,159 

2,200 

2,388 

2,232 

2,289 

4,927 

39,775 

190,560 

2,211 

3,728 

383,420 

7,175 

17,200 

46,125 

38,636 

46,142 

779,899 

4,110 

38,775 

202,450 

997 

3,045 

400,400 

6,045 

17,055 

44,000 

52,060 

45,970 

814,907 

1

 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 13 NASS, USDA 

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, 

State, and United States, 2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Area Harvested Yield Production Class, Type, and State 

2007 2008 2007 2008 2007 2008 

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

Class 1, Flue-cured 

 GA 

 NC 

 SC 

 VA 

 US 

Class 2, Fire-cured 

 KY 

 TN 

 VA 

 US 

Class 3, Air-cured 

 Light Air-cured 

 Burley 

 KY 

 MO 1

 NC 

 OH 

 PA 

 TN 

 VA 

 US 

 Southern MD Belt 

 PA 

 Total Light Air-cured 

 Dark Air-cured 

 KY 

 TN 

 US 

Class 4, Cigar Filler 

 PA Seedleaf 

 PA 

Class 5, Cigar Binder 

 CT Valley Binder 

 CT 

 MA 

 US 

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper 

 CT Valley Shade-grown 

 CT 

 MA 

 US 

All Cigar Types 

All Tobacco 

18,500 

166,000 

20,500 

18,000 

223,000 

8,000 

6,200 

400 

14,600 

77,000 

1,600 

4,000 

3,500 

5,000 

13,000 

2,200 

106,300 

1,100 

107,400 

4,200 

780 

4,980 

1,800 

1,900 

1,100 

3,000 

1,000 

220 

1,220 

6,020 

356,000 

16,500 

172,000 

20,000 

18,000 

226,500 

10,700 

7,200 

500 

18,400 

69,000 

1,450 

3,000 

3,100 

4,300 

13,000 

2,100 

95,950 

1,800 

97,750 

6,700 

1,600 

8,300 

1,800 

1,700 

500 

2,200 

900 

190 

1,090 

5,090 

356,040 

2,150 

2,270 

2,250 

2,280 

2,259 

3,100 

2,600 

1,920 

2,855 

2,000 

2,330 

1,650 

2,050 

2,150 

1,600 

1,970 

1,951 

2,100 

1,952 

2,800 

2,200 

2,706 

2,300 

1,830 

1,750 

1,801 

1,450 

1,300 

1,423 

1,873 

2,191 

2,350 

2,300 

2,200 

2,300 

2,295 

3,500 

3,200 

2,000 

3,342 

2,100 

2,100 

1,600 

1,950 

2,250 

1,900 

1,700 

2,050 

1,900 

2,048 

3,000 

2,700 

2,942 

2,200 

1,650 

1,500 

1,616 

1,450 

1,300 

1,424 

1,781 

2,289 

39,775 

376,820 

46,125 

41,040 

503,760 

24,800 

16,120 

768 

41,688 

154,000 

3,728 

6,600 

7,175 

10,750 

20,800 

4,334 

207,387 

2,310 

209,697 

11,760 

1,716 

13,476 

4,140 

3,477 

1,925 

5,402 

1,450 

286 

1,736 

11,278 

779,899 

38,775 

395,600 

44,000 

41,400 

519,775 

37,450 

23,040 

1,000 

61,490 

144,900 

3,045 

4,800 

6,045 

9,675 

24,700 

3,570 

196,735 

3,420 

200,155 

20,100 

4,320 

24,420 

3,960 

2,805 

750 

3,555 

1,305 

247 

1,552 

9,067 

814,907 

1

 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 14 NASS, USDA 

Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal 

Group, State, and United States, 2007-2008 

Seasonal Area Planted Area Harvested Yield Production 

Group and 

State 2007 2008 2007 2008 2007 2008 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 

Winter 1

 CA 

 Total 

Spring 1

 AZ 

 CA 

 FL 

 Hastings 

 Other FL 

 NC 

 TX 

 Total 

Summer 

 AL 

 CA 

 CO 2

 DE 

 IL 

 KS 

 MD 

 MO 

 NJ 

 TX 

 VA 

 Total 2

11.5 

11.5 

4.0 

15.5 

27.8 

16.5 

11.3 

16.0 

9.5 

72.8 

1.4 

7.0 

3.0 

2.0 

6.3 

5.0 

3.0 

6.8 

2.4 

11.2 

5.6 

53.7 

11.0 

11.0 

3.5 

14.3 

28.5 

17.3 

11.2 

14.5 

8.4 

69.2 

1.4 

6.0 

4.4 

1.9 

5.5 

5.0 

2.7 

6.7 

2.0 

7.0 

5.9 

48.5 

11.5 

11.5 

4.0 

15.5 

27.2 

16.2 

11.0 

14.5 

9.0 

70.2 

1.3 

7.0 

2.7 

2.0 

6.1 

4.9 

3.0 

6.6 

2.4 

9.8 

5.4 

51.2 

11.0 

11.0 

3.5 

14.3 

27.9 

17.0 

10.9 

14.0 

8.0 

67.7 

1.3 

6.0 

4.0 

1.9 

5.3 

4.8 

2.7 

6.0 

2.0 

6.5 

5.7 

46.2 

215 

215 

280 

395 

287 

285 

290 

186 

230 

282 

140 

360 

350 

270 

400 

365 

320 

300 

265 

395 

210 

332 

240 

240 

300 

420 

288 

290 

285 

200 

210 

289 

180 

390 

360 

250 

395 

310 

290 

240 

220 

420 

260 

324 

2,473 

2,473 

1,120 

6,123 

7,807 

4,617 

3,190 

2,700 

2,070 

19,820 

182 

2,520 

945 

540 

2,440 

1,789 

960 

1,980 

636 

3,871 

1,134 

16,997 

2,640 

2,640 

1,050 

6,006 

8,037 

4,930 

3,107 

2,800 

1,680 

19,573 

234 

2,340 

1,440 

475 

2,094 

1,488 

783 

1,440 

440 

2,730 

1,482 

14,946 

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 15 NASS, USDA 

Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal 

Group, State, and United States, 2007-2008 (continued) 

Seasonal Area Planted Area Harvested Yield Production 

Group and 

State 2007 2008 2007 2008 2007 2008 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 

Fall 2 3

 CA 

 CO 

 ID 

 10 SW Co 

 Other ID 

 ME 

 MA 

 MI 

 MN 

 MT 

 NE 

 NV 

 NM 

 NY 

 ND 

 OH 

 OR 

 Malheur 

 Other OR 

 PA 

 RI 

 WA 

 WI 

 Total 

US 

7.9 

59.2 

350.0 

21.0 

329.0 

57.1 

2.7 

42.5 

50.0 

11.3 

21.0 

7.3 

5.5 

19.0 

97.0 

3.2 

36.5 

3.5 

33.0 

10.5 

0.6 

165.0 

64.5 

1,010.8 

1,148.8 

9.0 

57.0 

300.0 

15.0 

285.0 

55.0 

2.6 

44.5 

48.0 

10.9 

19.5 

6.3 

6.3 

18.0 

83.0 

2.5 

35.5 

3.0 

32.5 

11.0 

0.5 

155.0 

64.5 

929.1 

1,057.8 

7.9 

59.1 

349.0 

21.0 

328.0 

57.0 

2.7 

42.0 

47.0 

11.2 

19.8 

7.3 

5.4 

18.3 

91.0 

3.0 

36.5 

3.5 

33.0 

10.0 

0.6 

165.0 

64.0 

996.8 

1,129.7 

9.0 

56.7 

299.0 

15.0 

284.0 

54.5 

2.6 

44.0 

45.0 

10.8 

19.1 

6.3 

6.3 

17.3 

79.0 

2.1 

35.5 

3.0 

32.5 

10.5 

0.5 

155.0 

63.0 

916.2 

1,041.1 

480 

355 

373 

490 

365 

295 

310 

350 

440 

330 

415 

390 

370 

285 

260 

330 

554 

455 

565 

220 

300 

620 

440 

409 

396 

3,792 

20,981 

130,010 

10,290 

119,720 

16,815 

837 

14,700 

20,680 

3,696 

8,217 

2,847 

1,998 

5,216 

23,660 

990 

20,238 

1,593 

18,645 

2,200 

180 

102,300 

28,160 

407,517 

446,807 

1

 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 

2

 2007 revised. 

3

 The forecast of fall potato production will be published in "Crop Production" on November 10, 2008. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 16 NASS, USDA 

Fall Potatoes: Percent of Varieties Planted, 2008 Crop

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducts variety surveys in 8 States, accounting for 86 percent of the 2008 

forecasted U.S. fall potato planted acres. Colorado data are from a grower potato variety survey. The remaining 7 States 

conduct objective yield surveys where all producing areas are sampled in proportion to planted acreage. Variety data shown 

below are actual percentages from these surveys. 

Fall Potatoes: Percent of Major Varieties Planted, 

Selected States and 8 State Total, 2008 Crop 1

State Varieties 

Pct. of 

Planted 

Acres 

State Varieties 

Pct. of 

Planted 

Acres 

CO 

ID 

ME 

R Norkotah 

Rio Grande R 

Canela R 

Centennial R 

Yukon Gold 

R Nugget 

Satina 

Cherry Red 

Other 

R Burbank 

Ranger R 

R Norkotah 

Western R 

Shepody 

Alturas 

Frito-Lay 

Umatilla R 

Other 

R Burbank 

Frito-Lay 

Shepody 

R Norkotah 

Norland 

Yukon Gold 

Goldrush 

Norwis 

Superior 

Ontario 

Katahdin 

Reba 

Atlantic 

Red LaSoda 

Other 

55.2 

9.6 

8.7 

5.6 

3.9 

3.7 

1.7 

0.4 

11.2 

57.9 

15.2 

12.8 

2.5 

2.2 

1.6 

1.4 

1.4 

4.9 

42.6 

13.8 

4.6 

4.2 

4.0 

3.7 

3.7 

3.6 

3.5 

2.6 

2.4 

2.2 

1.4 

1.0 

6.7 

 

 

MN 

ND 

OR 

R Burbank 

Norland 

Umatilla R 

Dakota Rose 

Ranger R 

Premier R 

NorValley 

Shepody 

Gold Rush 

Other 

R Burbank 

Shepody 

Norland 

Ranger R 

Umatilla R 

Frito-Lay 

Dakota Crisp 

Dakota Pearl 

Red LaSoda 

Ivory Crisp 

Bannock 

Sangre 

NorValley 

Viking 

Other 

R Norkotah 

R Burbank 

Ranger R 

Shepody 

Umatilla R 

Frito-Lay 

Alturas 

Premier R 

Yukon Gold 

Modoc 

Other 

53.3 

23.1 

4.9 

2.7 

2.2 

1.9 

1.4 

1.4 

1.4 

7.8 

52.6 

7.9 

6.1 

5.9 

5.6 

3.6 

2.7 

2.7 

2.6 

2.6 

1.7 

1.5 

1.2 

1.1 

2.2 

23.8 

22.1 

12.2 

12.0 

7.5 

5.3 

4.3 

3.1 

2.5 

1.7 

5.4 

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 17 NASS, USDA 

Fall Potatoes: Percent of Major Varieties Planted, 

Selected States and 8 State Total, 2008 Crop 1

 (continued) 

State Varieties 

Pct. of 

Planted 

Acres 

State Varieties 

Pct. of 

Planted 

Acres 

WA 

WI 

R Burbank 

Ranger R 

Umatilla R 

Shepody 

R Norkotah 

Alturas 

Premier R 

Frito-Lay 

Chieftain 

Other 

R Burbank 

R Norkotah 

Frito-Lay 

Goldrush 

Norland 

Silverton R 

Superior 

Snowden 

Atlantic 

Shepody 

Other 

27.1 

19.2 

15.1 

10.6 

9.6 

5.7 

2.4 

2.1 

1.7 

6.5 

19.8 

17.6 

17.4 

11.5 

10.7 

7.0 

3.8 

2.4 

1.7 

1.5 

6.5 

TOTAL 

(8 Sts) 

R Burbank 

R Norkotah 

Ranger R 

Shepody 

Umatilla R 

Frito-Lay 

Norland 

Alturas 

Goldrush 

Premier R 

Yukon Gold 

Western R 

Rio Grande R 

Canela R 

Silverton R 

Superior 

Dakota Pearl 

Chieftain 

Red LaSoda 

Centennial R 

CalWhite 

Ivory Crisp 

Dakota Crisp 

Snowden 

Pike 

R Nugget 

Atlantic 

Bannock 

Norwis 

Dakota Rose 

NorValley 

Sangre 

Satina 

Ontario 

Reba 

Katahdin 

NorDonna 

Defender 

Modoc 

Viking 

Other 

41.2 

13.4 

10.8 

4.8 

4.7 

3.9 

3.6 

1.9 

1.3 

1.1 

1.1 

0.9 

0.7 

0.6 

0.6 

0.6 

0.5 

0.4 

0.4 

0.4 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.3 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.2 

0.1 

0.1 

0.1 

1.7 

1

 Preliminary. Final Percent of Major Varieties Planted for selected States will be published in "Crop Production" on November 10, 2008. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 18 NASS, USDA 

Oranges: Utilized Production by State and United States, 

2006-07, 2007-08 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 1 2 3

Utilized Production 

Boxes 

Utilized Production 

Crop and State Ton Equivalent 

2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 

1,000 Boxes 1,000 Boxes 1,000 Boxes 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

Early Mid & 

 Navel 4

 AZ 

 CA 

 FL 5

 TX 

 US 

Valencia 

 AZ 

 CA 

 FL 

 TX 

 US 

All 

 AZ 

 CA 

 FL 5

 TX 

 US 

200 

34,500 

65,600 

1,600 

101,900 

100 

11,500 

63,400 

380 

75,380 

300 

46,000 

129,000 

1,980 

177,280 

230 

48,500 

83,500 

1,500 

133,730 

150 

16,000 

86,700 

234 

103,084 

380 

64,500 

170,200 

1,734 

236,814 

32,000 

7 

1,294 

2,952 

68 

4,321 

4 

431 

2,853 

16 

3,304 

11 

1,725 

5,805 

84 

7,625 

9 

1,819 

3,757 

64 

5,649 

6 

600 

3,902 

10 

4,518 

15 

2,419 

7,659 

74 

10,167 

1,200 

1

 2006-07 and 2007-08 revised. Revised grapefruit and other citrus fruit totals will be published in "Citrus Fruits 2008 Summary" on September 

25, 2008. 2

 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 3

 Net lbs. per box: AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85. 

4

 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines 

in TX. 5

 Temples included in early, midseason, and navel varieties beginning with 2006-07 season. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 19 NASS, USDA 

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2007-2008 

Area Fresh Production 1

Month Total in Crop Harvested 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

2007 2008 

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

Jun 

Jul 

1,905 

1,845 

2,040 

2,040 

1,200 

1,190 

1,330 

1,330 

2,170 

2,590 

2,350 

1,995 

1

 Utilized fresh production. 

Nuts: Utilized Production by Crop and State, 

2006-2007 and Forecasted September 1, 2008 

Utilized Production Crop and State 

2006 2007 2008 

Tons Tons Tons 

Hazelnuts 1

 (In-Shell Basis)

 OR 

Walnuts 

 (In-Shell Basis)

 CA 

43,000 

346,000 

37,000 

325,000 

34,000 

375,000 

1

 2007 Revised. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 20 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2007-2008 

(Domestic Units) 1

Area Planted Area Harvested Crop 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 

 Upland 

 Amer-Pima 

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 

 Dry Edible Beans 

 Dry Edible Peas 

 Lentils 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 4

4,020.0 

93,600.0 

3,760.0 

570.0 

2,761.0 

1,376.0 

7,718.0 

60,433.0 

44,987.0 

2,149.0 

13,297.0 

1,183.0 

354.0 

56.0 

1,230.0 

1.5 

180.0 

63,631.0 

2,068.0 

10,827.2 

10,535.0 

292.2 

1,268.8 

29.0 

1,526.9 

847.5 

303.0 

1,148.8 

11.5 

72.8 

53.7 

1,010.8 

100.6 

4,130.0 

86,977.0 

3,467.0 

605.0 

2,940.0 

1,190.0 

7,301.0 

63,457.0 

46,605.0 

2,655.0 

14,197.0 

1,008.0 

340.0 

67.0 

1,533.0 

0.5 

191.0 

74,783.0 

2,164.0 

9,414.0 

9,239.0 

175.0 

1,110.1 

26.5 

1,401.9 

847.0 

279.0 

1,057.8 

11.0 

69.2 

48.5 

929.1 

104.1 

3,508.0 

86,542.0 

6,071.0 

61,625.0 

21,670.0 

39,955.0 

1,505.0 

515.0 

2,748.0 

289.0 

6,805.0 

399.0 

51,011.0 

35,952.0 

2,112.0 

12,947.0 

1,163.0 

349.0 

52.8 

1,195.0 

1.0 

172.0 

62,820.0 

2,009.5 

10,489.1 

10,201.0 

288.1 

1,246.8 

879.6 

356.0 

11.0 

1,478.7 

811.3 

295.0 

6.4 

0.1 

30.9 

73.3 

1,129.7 

11.5 

70.2 

51.2 

996.8 

19.6 

97.5 

0.4 

3,640.0 

79,290.0 

60,439.0 

20,778.0 

39,661.0 

1,443.0 

2,924.0 

266.0 

6,442.0 

56,586.0 

40,252.0 

2,583.0 

13,751.0 

979.0 

333.0 

64.0 

1,494.0 

0.4 

183.0 

73,341.0 

2,062.5 

7,830.0 

7,660.0 

170.0 

1,057.7 

868.5 

356.0 

8.8 

1,353.6 

807.8 

272.0 

0.1 

39.3 

1,041.1 

11.0 

67.7 

46.2 

916.2 

100.8 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 

3

 Acreage is not estimated. 

4

 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 21 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2007-2008 

(Domestic Units) 1

Yield Production Crop Units 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

 1,000 1,000 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 2

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu 

" 

Tons 

" 

" 

" 

Bu 

" 

Cwt 

Bu 

" 

Tons 

Bu 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

Tons 

Bu 

Lbs 

" 

" 

" 

Bu 

Lbs 

Bales 

" 

" 

Tons 

" 

Lbs 

Cwt 

" 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

" 

" 

" 

Cwt 

" 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

Cwt 

Lbs 

60.4 

151.1 

17.5 

2.44 

3.35 

1.95 

60.9 

32.3 

7,185 

27.4 

74.2 

15.6 

40.5 

42.2 

33.9 

37.0 

1,250 

16.9 

603 

3,130 

1,300 

1,215 

41.2 

1,437 

879 

864 

1,419 

25.6 

34.1 

2,191 

1,155 

1,716 

1,960 

1,155 

1,170 

35,000 

1,949 

93 

396 

215 

282 

332 

409 

121 

185 

59.9 

152.3 

2.45 

3.41 

1.94 

62.3 

7,076 

66.1 

43.5 

46.6 

33.5 

36.4 

3,188 

40.0 

849 

839 

1,296 

24.7 

34.6 

2,289 

1,786 

30,000 

1,942 

240 

289 

324 

211,825 

13,073,893 

106,328 

150,304 

72,575 

77,729 

91,599 

16,615 

197,456 

7,914 

504,993 

6,206 

2,066,722 

1,515,989 

71,686 

479,047 

1,453,830 

6,588.7 

5,904 

31,826 

3,740,650 

1,300 

208,995 

2,585,207 

2,888,555 

19,206.9 

18,355.1 

851.8 

31,912 

29,969 

779,899 

127 

25,371 

15,903 

3,408 

541 

7,500 

2,800 

60,253.1 

6,794 

446,807 

2,473 

19,820 

16,997 

407,517 

2,379 

18,082 

4,000 

217,976 

12,072,365 

147,955 

70,944 

77,011 

89,897 

206,914 

425,572 

2,462,418 

1,874,857 

86,573 

500,988 

4,713.0 

4,762,450 

2,933,888 

13,846.0 

13,387.0 

459.0 

26,089 

30,015 

814,907 

24,172 

1,800 

76,234.4 

2,640 

19,573 

14,946 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year. 2

 Yield in pounds. 

3

 Yield is not estimated. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 22 NASS, USDA 

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2006-2008 

(Domestic Units) 1

Production Crop Units 

2006 2007 2008 

 1,000 1,000 1,000 

Citrus 2 3

 Grapefruit 

 Lemons 

 Oranges 4

 Tangelos (FL) 

 Tangerines and Mandarins 

 Temples (FL) 4

Noncitrus 

 Apples 

 Apricots 

 Bananas (HI) 

 Grapes 

 Olives (CA) 

 Papayas (HI) 

 Peaches 

 Pears 

 Prunes, Dried (CA) 

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) 

Nuts & Misc. 

 Almonds (CA) (shelled) 

 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) 

 Pecans (in-shell) 

 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) 

 Maple Syrup 

Tons 

" 

" 

" 

" 

" 

1,000 Lbs 

Tons 

Lbs 

Tons 

" 

Lbs 

Tons 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

Tons 

Lbs 

Tons 

Gals 

1,232 

980 

9,021 

63 

417 

32 

9,871.7 

44.5 

20,000.0 

6,377.2 

23.5 

28,700.0 

1,010.1 

842.0 

198.0 

21.5 

1,120,000 

43.0 

207,300 

346.0 

1,449 

1,627 

798 

7,625 

56 

361 

9,113.9 

88.5 

19,700.0 

7,018.0 

132.5 

33,400.0 

1,128.7 

873.0 

83.0 

12.1 

1,390,000 

37.0 

385,305 

325.0 

1,258 

1,566 

722 

10,167 

68 

490 

9,165.2 

86.8 

7,195.1 

65.0 

1,093.9 

821.8 

120.0 

18.8 

1,500,000 

34.0 

375.0 

1,635 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year, except citrus which is for the 2007-08 season. 2

 Production years are 2005-06, 2006-07, and 2007-08. 

3

 Orange production revised. Grapefruit and other citrus fruit revisions will be published in "Citrus Fruits 2008 Summary" on September 25, 2008. 4

 Temples included in oranges beginning with the 2006-07 season. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 23 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2007-2008 

(Metric Units) 1

Area Planted Area Harvested Crop 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 4

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland 

 Amer-Pima 

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 

 Dry Edible Beans 

 Dry Edible Peas 

 Lentils 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 4

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 5

1,626,850 

37,878,980 

1,521,630 

230,670 

1,117,350 

556,850 

3,123,400 

24,456,630 

18,205,790 

869,680 

5,381,160 

478,750 

143,260 

22,660 

497,770 

610 

72,840 

25,750,830 

836,900 

4,381,660 

4,263,410 

118,250 

513,470 

11,740 

617,920 

342,970 

122,620 

464,910 

4,650 

29,460 

21,730 

409,060 

40,710 

1,671,370 

35,198,720 

1,403,060 

244,840 

1,189,790 

481,580 

2,954,640 

25,680,410 

18,860,580 

1,074,450 

5,745,380 

407,930 

137,590 

27,110 

620,390 

200 

77,300 

30,263,930 

875,750 

3,809,750 

3,738,930 

70,820 

449,250 

10,720 

567,330 

342,770 

112,910 

428,080 

4,450 

28,000 

19,630 

376,000 

42,130 

1,419,650 

35,022,680 

2,456,870 

24,939,020 

8,769,630 

16,169,390 

609,060 

208,420 

1,112,090 

116,960 

2,753,920 

161,470 

20,643,640 

14,549,410 

854,710 

5,239,520 

470,650 

141,240 

21,370 

483,600 

400 

69,610 

25,422,630 

813,220 

4,244,830 

4,128,240 

116,590 

504,570 

355,970 

144,070 

4,450 

598,420 

328,320 

119,380 

2,590 

30 

12,510 

29,660 

457,180 

4,650 

28,410 

20,720 

403,390 

7,930 

39,460 

150 

1,473,070 

32,087,870 

24,459,060 

8,408,650 

16,050,410 

583,970 

1,183,310 

107,650 

2,607,010 

22,899,790 

16,289,580 

1,045,310 

5,564,890 

396,190 

134,760 

25,900 

604,610 

160 

74,060 

29,680,370 

834,670 

3,168,720 

3,099,930 

68,800 

428,040 

351,470 

144,090 

3,560 

547,790 

326,910 

110,080 

20 

15,890 

421,320 

4,450 

27,400 

18,700 

370,780 

40,790 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 

3

 Total may not add due to rounding. 

4

 Acreage is not estimated. 

5

 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 24 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2007-2008 

(Metric Units) 1

Yield Production Crop 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 

 Amer-Pima 

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 

 Dry Edible Beans 

 Dry Edible Peas 

 Lentils 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 3

3.25 

9.48 

39.26 

5.47 

7.51 

4.36 

2.18 

1.81 

8.05 

1.72 

4.66 

34.87 

2.72 

2.84 

2.28 

2.49 

1.40 

1.06 

0.68 

3.51 

1.46 

1.36 

2.77 

1.61 

0.99 

0.97 

1.59 

57.38 

76.38 

2.46 

1.29 

1.92 

2.20 

1.29 

1.31 

39.23 

2.18 

0.10 

44.33 

24.10 

31.65 

37.21 

45.82 

0.14 

20.79 

3.22 

9.56 

5.49 

7.65 

4.35 

2.23 

7.93 

4.15 

2.93 

3.13 

2.25 

2.45 

3.57 

2.69 

0.95 

0.94 

1.45 

55.29 

77.47 

2.57 

2.00 

33.63 

2.18 

26.90 

32.40 

36.26 

4,611,940 

332,092,180 

96,459,140 

136,353,500 

65,838,930 

70,514,560 

1,329,560 

376,820 

8,956,450 

201,020 

12,827,410 

5,629,990 

56,246,960 

41,258,460 

1,950,970 

13,037,520 

659,450 

5,977,170 

149,970 

14,440 

1,696,730 

590 

94,800 

70,357,800 

1,310,230 

4,181,810 

3,996,350 

185,460 

28,950,080 

27,187,420 

353,760 

5,760 

1,150,810 

721,350 

154,580 

24,540 

3,400 

1,270 

27,330 

3,080 

20,266,830 

112,170 

899,020 

770,970 

18,484,660 

1,080 

820,190 

1,810 

4,745,870 

306,652,200 

134,222,520 

64,359,310 

69,863,200 

1,304,850 

9,385,460 

10,810,030 

67,016,040 

51,025,250 

2,356,130 

13,634,660 

4,275,560 

2,160,210 

79,847,350 

3,014,610 

2,914,680 

99,940 

23,667,540 

27,229,150 

369,640 

1,096,420 

820 

34,580 

119,750 

887,820 

677,940 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year. 2

 Production may not add due to rounding. 

3

 Yield is not estimated. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 25 NASS, USDA 

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2006-2008 

(Metric Units) 1

Production Crop 

2006 2007 2008 

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons 

Citrus 2 3

 Grapefruit 

 Lemons 

 Oranges 4

 Tangelos (FL) 

 Tangerines 

 Temples (FL) 4

Noncitrus 

 Apples 

 Apricots 

 Bananas (HI) 

 Grapes 

 Olives (CA) 

 Papayas (HI) 

 Peaches 

 Pears 

 Prunes, Dried (CA) 

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) 

Nuts & Misc. 

 Almonds (CA) (shelled) 

 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) 

 Pecans (in-shell) 

 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) 

 Maple Syrup 

1,117,650 

889,040 

8,183,710 

57,150 

378,300 

29,030 

4,477,730 

40,350 

9,070 

5,785,250 

21,320 

13,020 

916,370 

763,880 

179,620 

19,500 

508,020 

39,010 

94,030 

313,890 

7,240 

1,475,990 

723,930 

6,917,280 

50,800 

327,490 

4,134,000 

80,250 

8,940 

6,366,620 

120,200 

15,150 

1,023,980 

791,930 

75,300 

10,980 

630,490 

33,570 

174,770 

294,840 

6,290 

1,420,650 

654,990 

9,223,350 

61,690 

444,520 

4,157,270 

78,780 

6,527,280 

58,970 

992,320 

745,480 

108,860 

17,060 

680,390 

30,840 

340,190 

8,170 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year, except citrus which is for the 2007-08 season. 2

 Production years are 2005-06, 2006-07, and 2007-08. 

3

 Orange production revised. Grapefruit and other citrus fruit revisions will be published in "Citrus Fruits 2008 Summary" on September 25, 2008. 4

 Temples included in oranges beginning with the 2006-07 season. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 26 NASS, USDA 

Corn for Grain: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn producing States during 2008. 

Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and 

measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey. 

Corn for Grain: Plant Population per Acre, 

Selected States, 2004-2008 

State Month 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 

 Number Number Number Number Number 

IL 

IN 

IA 

KS 

MN 

MO 

NE 

 All 

NE 

 Irrigated 

NE 

 Non-Irrigated 

OH 

SD 

WI 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

27,750 

27,750 

27,700 

27,700 

26,650 

26,500 

26,500 

26,500 

28,000 

27,950 

27,850 

27,850 

22,000 

21,900 

21,900 

21,900 

29,300 

29,200 

29,250 

29,300 

24,350 

24,350 

24,350 

24,350 

24,100 

24,100 

24,050 

24,050 

26,900 

26,900 

26,900 

26,900 

19,700 

19,750 

19,750 

19,700 

26,950 

26,550 

26,650 

26,650 

21,800 

21,800 

21,850 

21,850 

27,700 

27,550 

27,550 

27,550 

28,000 

28,050 

28,000 

28,000 

25,300 

25,200 

25,200 

25,200 

28,050 

27,950 

28,000 

28,000 

21,600 

21,500 

21,400 

21,400 

28,400 

28,300 

28,400 

28,450 

24,100 

24,050 

24,050 

24,050 

23,900 

23,700 

23,700 

23,700 

26,700 

26,650 

26,650 

26,650 

20,400 

20,000 

20,000 

20,000 

25,650 

25,600 

25,600 

25,600 

23,450 

23,650 

23,700 

23,700 

27,400 

27,100 

27,050 

27,050 

28,050 

28,000 

28,000 

28,000 

26,450 

26,350 

26,350 

26,350 

28,600 

28,600 

28,600 

28,600 

21,800 

21,750 

21,750 

21,750 

28,850 

28,900 

28,900 

28,900 

24,350 

24,350 

24,350 

24,350 

24,750 

24,550 

24,600 

24,450 

27,400 

27,200 

27,200 

27,200 

20,650 

20,450 

20,550 

20,250 

26,250 

26,250 

26,200 

26,200 

23,900 

24,000 

24,000 

24,000 

27,250 

27,100 

27,450 

27,450 

28,000 

28,100 

28,100 

28,100 

27,350 

27,350 

27,350 

27,350 

29,100 

29,100 

29,100 

29,100 

20,600 

20,500 

20,500 

20,500 

29,850 

29,800 

29,750 

29,750 

24,200 

24,300 

24,300 

24,300 

25,000 

25,000 

25,000 

25,000 

27,250 

27,250 

27,200 

27,200 

21,350 

21,300 

21,350 

21,350 

26,900 

26,700 

26,600 

26,600 

23,400 

23,100 

23,150 

23,150 

28,800 

28,700 

28,800 

28,800 

29,150 

28,500 

29,300 

20,250 

30,150 

25,700 

24,500 

27,250 

20,000 

27,750 

22,950 

28,800 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 27 NASS, USDA 

Corn for Grain: Number of Ears per Acre, 

Selected States, 2004-2008 

State Month 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 

 Number Number Number Number Number 

IL 

IN 

IA 

KS 

MN 

MO 

NE 

 All 

NE 

 Irrigated 

NE 

 Non-Irrigated 

OH 

SD 

WI 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

27,350 

27,400 

27,400 

27,400 

26,200 

25,950 

26,050 

26,050 

27,350 

27,550 

27,500 

27,500 

22,100 

22,150 

22,150 

22,150 

29,000 

29,250 

29,150 

29,200 

24,400 

24,250 

24,250 

24,250 

23,650 

24,000 

24,050 

24,050 

26,550 

26,700 

26,650 

26,650 

19,100 

19,800 

20,000 

20,000 

25,950 

26,000 

26,000 

26,050 

21,950 

22,700 

22,700 

22,700 

25,600 

27,150 

26,800 

26,800 

26,950 

26,850 

26,850 

26,850 

24,850 

24,600 

24,650 

24,650 

27,150 

27,100 

27,100 

27,100 

21,100 

21,000 

20,900 

20,900 

28,000 

27,900 

28,050 

28,050 

22,550 

22,600 

22,600 

22,600 

23,250 

22,800 

22,800 

22,800 

26,250 

25,900 

25,900 

25,900 

19,550 

18,950 

18,900 

18,900 

24,800 

24,700 

24,650 

24,650 

23,150 

23,100 

23,050 

23,050 

26,550 

26,350 

26,350 

26,350 

27,600 

27,450 

27,400 

27,400 

25,850 

25,750 

25,700 

25,750 

27,350 

27,350 

27,350 

27,350 

20,850 

20,750 

20,750 

20,750 

28,050 

28,250 

28,250 

28,250 

23,850 

23,800 

23,800 

23,800 

23,850 

23,700 

23,700 

23,550 

26,750 

26,600 

26,600 

26,650 

19,400 

19,150 

19,200 

18,800 

25,200 

25,350 

25,450 

25,450 

22,050 

21,900 

21,700 

21,700 

26,750 

26,850 

27,200 

27,200 

27,750 

27,750 

27,750 

27,750 

26,950 

26,800 

26,800 

26,800 

28,500 

28,400 

28,450 

28,400 

20,900 

20,800 

20,800 

20,800 

28,850 

28,600 

28,600 

28,600 

23,950 

23,950 

23,950 

23,950 

24,850 

24,750 

24,750 

24,750 

27,200 

27,000 

27,000 

27,000 

21,100 

21,050 

21,100 

21,100 

26,350 

26,000 

25,950 

25,950 

23,250 

22,700 

22,700 

22,700 

27,800 

27,700 

27,850 

27,850 

28,600 

27,950 

28,600 

19,850 

29,900 

25,050 

24,050 

26,800 

19,550 

26,950 

24,150 

27,750 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 28 NASS, USDA 

Soybeans: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean producing States during 

2008. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts 

and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. 

Soybeans: Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet, 

Selected States, 2004-2008 

State Month 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 

 Number Number Number Number Number 

AR 1

IL 

IN 

IA 

KS 

MN 

MO 

NE 

ND 

OH 

SD 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Final 

2,446 

2,483 

2,511 

2,070 

1,923 

1,943 

1,947 

1,909 

1,866 

1,917 

1,917 

1,772 

1,731 

1,737 

1,741 

1,482 

1,588 

1,639 

1,636 

1,487 

1,406 

1,446 

1,435 

1,798 

1,943 

1,998 

2,038 

1,835 

1,836 

1,895 

1,895 

1,114 

1,148 

1,243 

1,242 

1,808 

1,873 

1,840 

1,837 

1,248 

1,332 

1,302 

1,308 

1,796 

1,823 

1,824 

1,973 

1,820 

1,858 

1,858 

1,855 

1,790 

1,899 

1,899 

1,969 

1,935 

1,968 

1,970 

1,490 

1,431 

1,547 

1,546 

1,684 

1,598 

1,640 

1,640 

1,458 

1,585 

1,679 

1,652 

1,862 

1,903 

1,920 

1,920 

1,526 

1,471 

1,496 

1,496 

2,040 

1,890 

1,974 

1,981 

1,634 

1,617 

1,605 

1,556 

1,645 

1,655 

1,667 

2,035 

1,890 

1,923 

1,923 

1,927 

1,893 

1,909 

1,909 

1,846 

1,758 

1,760 

1,760 

1,564 

1,509 

1,581 

1,581 

1,612 

1,586 

1,568 

1,568 

1,631 

1,746 

1,738 

1,735 

1,740 

1,801 

1,784 

1,766 

1,169 

1,241 

1,260 

1,260 

1,857 

1,895 

1,835 

1,866 

1,318 

1,345 

1,316 

1,312 

1,621 

1,665 

1,690 

1,923 

1,796 

1,818 

1,831 

1,725 

1,660 

1,628 

1,641 

1,935 

1,917 

1,933 

1,932 

1,727 

1,524 

1,608 

1,609 

1,676 

1,589 

1,588 

1,588 

1,521 

1,579 

1,685 

1,697 

1,950 

2,042 

2,088 

2,084 

1,352 

1,445 

1,500 

1,497 

1,900 

1,850 

1,909 

1,909 

1,554 

1,492 

1,510 

1,510 

1,815 

1,729 

1,915 

1,550 

1,596 

1,594 

1,772 

1,247 

1,917 

1,519 

1

 September data not available due to plant immaturity. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 29 NASS, USDA 

Cotton: Objective Yield Data 

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 6 cotton producing States during 2008. 

Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and 

measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. 

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, Selected States, 2004-2008 1

State Month 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 

 Number Number Number Number Number 

AR 

GA 

LA 

MS 

NC 

TX 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

864 

771 

753 

754 

754 

646 

690 

686 

687 

687 

635 

707 

691 

691 

691 

808 

789 

780 

780 

780 

758 

719 

732 

733 

733 

639 

672 

593 

624 

624 

811 

728 

733 

733 

733 

667 

689 

767 

767 

767 

746 

768 

775 

775 

775 

818 

729 

724 

722 

722 

799 

693 

721 

721 

721 

620 

516 

586 

585 

585 

859 

814 

849 

824 

824 

648 

675 

774 

790 

790 

760 

781 

786 

785 

785 

700 

699 

695 

695 

695 

637 

641 

671 

671 

671 

530 

477 

533 

544 

544 

790 

839 

849 

849 

849 

616 

570 

707 

708 

708 

796 

808 

841 

841 

841 

819 

745 

747 

747 

747 

527 

601 

625 

625 

625 

602 

538 

631 

632 

632 

943 

587 

655 

909 

667 

633 

1

 Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and 

burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 30 NASS, USDA 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 31 NASS, USDA 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 32 NASS, USDA 

August Weather Summary

An August dry spell adversely affected Midwestern soybeans and late-developing corn, despite a lack of heat stress. August 

rainfall totals were less than 25 percent of normal at several Midwestern locations. By month’s end, 20 to 30 percent of both 

corn and soybeans were rated in very poor to poor condition in Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin. In Indiana, Iowa, and 

Kentucky, 10 to 20 percent of both crops were rated very poor to poor by August 31. In contrast, abundant August rainfall 

soaked the South. The rain, while initially beneficial for drought-stressed pastures and immature summer crops, became 

excessive--with monthly totals as high as 1 to 2 feet--in some areas from the lower Mississippi Valley to Florida. Soybeans, 

rice, and open-boll cotton were among the crops vulnerable to yield reductions due to August downpours. Atlantic tropical 

storms during August were Edouard, which made landfall along the upper Gulf Coast of Texas on August 5 as a relatively 

insignificant system, and slow-moving and meandering Fay, which made four landfalls in Florida between August 18-23 

before soaking the drought-stricken Southeast and finally dissipating over the Mid-Atlantic region on August 28. At month’s 

end, Hurricane Gustav bore down on the central Gulf Coast. Gustav made landfall south of Houma, Louisiana, on 

September 1 as a category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds near 110 m.p.h. Farther west, frequent showers on the 

Plains aided late-developing summer crops and improved soil moisture in preparation for winter wheat planting. Rain was 

excessive at times, however, on the southern Plains. Elsewhere, mostly dry weather persisted in much of California and the 

Great Basin, while occasional showers dotted the remainder of the West. Showers were only a minor hindrance to small grain 

harvesting in the Northwest, while moisture associated with the remnants of eastern Pacific Tropical Storm Julio contributed 

to late-month showers in the Southwest. 

Near- to slightly below-normal August temperatures prevailed throughout the Northwest and areas from the Rockies to the 

East Coast. As a result, the Midwest escaped the growing season with little or no heat stress, in spite of the August turn 

toward unfavorable dryness. Meanwhile, unusually hot weather--with temperatures averaging as much as 3 to 7 degrees F 

above normal--was limited to interior California, the Great Basin, and parts of the Southwest. 

August Agricultural Summary 

During the month of August, most of the Corn Belt received between a tenth of an inch and 5 inches of rainfall, with some 

isolated areas receiving up to 10 inches. Temperatures averaged 65 to 80 degrees throughout the Corn Belt. Silking was 

93 percent complete by August 10, five percentage points behind last year and 3 points behind the 5-year average. Other than 

in Colorado, Michigan, and Pennsylvania, the crop was silking at or behind the average pace. Early in the month, 

development to the dough stage was behind the normal pace in most States. Development was more than 30 points behind 

normal in Indiana and Missouri on August 10. In Colorado and North Carolina, however, development to the dough stage 

was 2 points ahead of the average pace. As the month went on, most State’s development continued to lag the normal pace. 

Major advancement occurred during the last week of the month in Colorado, Iowa, Minnesota, and North Dakota. By 

month’s end, acreage at the dough stage reached 83 percent, 12 and 8 points behind last year and the 5-year average, 

respectively. Acreage in Colorado was developing ahead of the 5-year average while development in all other States 

remained at or behind the average pace. Development to the denting stage reached 14 percent by August 17, 

twenty-four percentage points behind last year and 16 points behind the 5-year average. A major delay was evident in 

Missouri, where acreage was reaching the dent stage 42 points behind normal. Other than in Colorado, where progress was 

ahead by 4 points, all other States were at or behind the 5-year average. Development was most advanced in Tennessee and 

North Carolina. By month’s end, 45 percent of the acreage had reached the dent stage, 30 and 20 points behind last year and 

the 5-year average, respectively. Colorado, Michigan, and Pennsylvania were ahead of the 5-year average, but all other States 

were behind. By August 31, six percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was mature. More than half of the crop was mature in 

Texas and North Carolina, and the crop was beginning to mature in all States except Indiana, Minnesota, North Dakota, and 

Wisconsin. At the beginning of the month, 66 percent of the acreage was rated good to excellent. Ratings were stable during 

the first half of the month, but declined later as dry weather set in. By the end of the month, 61 percent of the crop was rated 

good to excellent. 

Temperatures varied in sorghum growing areas between 5 degrees Fahrenheit or more, warmer than normal in California, to 

greater than 5 degrees below normal in the central Great Plains. By August 3, sorghum coloring had occurred on 30 percent 

of the acreage, 5 points behind last year’s pace but 1 point ahead of the 5-year average. Coloring was occurring well ahead of

schedule in Colorado as ideal conditions allowed for rapid development, while in New Mexico and Texas, development was 

ahead by no more than 7 points. Elsewhere, acreage was coloring behind the 5-year average pace. By August 31, coloring 

reached 55 percent complete, 13 points behind last year and 3 points behind the 5-year average. Coloring was complete in 

Louisiana, and remained 55 points ahead of the 5-year average in Colorado. Sixty-four percent of the sorghum crop was 

heading by August 10, thirteen points behind last year and 7 points behind the 5-year average. Heading progress was at or 

behind the 5-year average, in all States except Colorado. As the month continued, development in New Mexico jumped 

ahead of the 5-year average. By month’s end, 88 percent of the crop was headed, 8 points behind last year and 2 points 

behind the 5-year average. Early in the month, sorghum was maturing in the Delta and southern Great Plains. Reaching 

24 percent Nationwide, development was the same as last year but 2 points ahead of the 5-year average. The crop matured 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 33 NASS, USDA 

slowly throughout the month, with only 30 percent mature by month’s end, compared with 34 percent last year and 31 percent 

for the 5-year average. Harvest activities were evident throughout the Delta and southern Great Plains by August 24. 

Acreage was 23 percent harvested Nationwide, 2 points ahead of last year and 1 point ahead of the 5-year average. Producers 

had harvested more than half of the crop in Louisiana and Texas, but were only beginning in Arkansas and Oklahoma. Half 

of the crop was rated good to excellent at the beginning of August, and as the month progressed, conditions improved, then 

declined, resulting in a condition rating of 51 percent, by month’s end, 1 point better than the first week of August. 

Oat producers harvested 54 percent of the crop by August 10, twenty-four points behind last year and 14 points behind the 

5-year average. By month’s end, 96 percent of the crop was harvested, 3 points behind last year and the same as the 

5-year average. On August 10, fifty-five percent of the crop was rated good to excellent. 

In the major barley growing areas, precipitation was limited; accumulations reached no more than 2.5 inches in much of the 

northern tier of the country, excluding an isolated area of central North Dakota where up to 10 inches was received. Barley 

producers harvested 22 percent of their acreage by August 10, thirty-three points behind last year and 15 points behind the 

5-year average. Progress was behind in all States, most significantly in Minnesota. By month’s end, harvest progress reached 

79 percent complete, 16 points behind last year and 6 points behind the 5-year average. Progress in Minnesota and North 

Dakota was ahead of the average pace. Fifty-two percent of the barley crop was rated good to excellent on August 24, the 

final rating of the season. 

Harvest of the 2008 winter wheat crop had progressed to 92 percent complete by August 10, five points behind last year and 

3 points behind the 5-year average. A cool spring and early summer kept harvest progress well behind normal in Idaho and 

Montana. By August 17, 95 percent of the crop was harvested, 4 points behind the 5-year average. At that time, harvest was 

complete in most States, with significant activity limited to Idaho, Montana, and Washington, where progress remained well 

behind the average pace. 

Spring wheat harvest was 16 percent complete by August 10, twenty-eight points behind last year and 20 points behind the 

5-year average. Delays were evident in all States until the last week of the month. Early in the month, producers in South 

Dakota faced the most significant delay. However, by month’s end, progress in Idaho and Washington trailed well behind the 

5-year average pace. Condition of the spring wheat crop was rated 55 percent good to excellent on August 24. 

Rice heading had occurred on 60 percent of the acreage by August 10, eighteen points behind last year and 15 points behind 

the 5-year average. Heading was more than 15 points behind in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Missouri. By August 31, heading 

reached 94 percent and was only 3 points behind last year and the 5-year average, within 5 points of the average in all States. 

Rice harvest was just getting underway by August 17 with 8 percent of the acreage harvested, 2 points behind last year and 

the 5-year average. By month’s end, only 12 percent of the crop had been harvested, 11 points behind last year and 8 points 

behind the 5-year average. Harvest in Louisiana was significantly delayed, trailing the average by 30 percentage points. Rice

condition was rated 70 percent good to excellent on August 31. 

Soybean producing States remained dry for the most part throughout the month of August except in the Delta States. Between 

a tenth of an inch and 5 inches from the central Great Plains and to the north and east of the region of rainfall was evident 

while in the Delta, up to 20 inches of rain were received. Temperatures remained within 2 degrees of normal during the 

month across the major soybean areas. Blooming was 88 percent complete by August 10, six points behind the 

5-year average and by August 24 was nearing completion at 97 percent, just 2 points shy of the 5-year average. Pod-setting 

advanced to 60 percent complete by August 10, fifteen points behind the 5-year average, and reached 94 percent complete by 

month’s end, only 3 points behind normal. The soybean condition was rated 63 percent good to excellent on August 10, and 

declined as the month progressed. By August 31, the crop was rated 57 percent good to excellent. 

Peanuts were pegging on 94 percent of the acreage by August 10, four points ahead of last year but the same as the 

5-year average. By August 17, pegging was 98 percent complete, 1 point ahead of the 5-year average. Pegging was virtually 

complete in every State, except Alabama. As of August 31, sixty-three percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent 

condition. 

Cotton squaring was nearly complete by August 10, one point behind the 5-year average. Boll-setting was nearly 

three-fourths complete by August 10, and was delayed 8 points when compared with the 5-year average pace. By August 31, 

ninety-four percent of the acreage was setting bolls, 2 points behind last year and 3 points behind the 5-year average. 

Nationwide, 9 percent of the acreage had open bolls on August 10, the same as the 5-year average. Moving a few percentage 

points each week, 21 percent of the acreage had open bolls by month’s end, 7 points behind average. Development in the top 

producing States was delayed. The percentage of the crop rated in good to excellent condition increased 5 points from early 

August, reaching 50 percent by August 31. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 34 NASS, USDA 

Crop Comments

Corn: Area harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 79.3 million acres, unchanged from August but down 

8 percent from 2007. If realized, this will be the second largest area harvested for grain since 1944, behind last year’s 

86.5 million acres. 

The September 1 corn objective yield data indicate the highest average number of ears per acre on record for the combined 

10 objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

Wisconsin). Record high ear counts are forecast in all objective yield States except Kansas, Nebraska, and Wisconsin. 

As of August 31, sixty-one percent of the corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, down 5 percentage points 

from last month but 2 points higher than a year ago. Regionally, condition ratings declined more than 5 points from last 

month across the northern and eastern Corn Belt, Ohio and Tennessee Valleys, and northern half of the Atlantic Coastal States 

where dry conditions throughout much of August depleted soil moisture supplies. Despite the decreases, crop conditions in 

these areas remained better than or equal to last year. Corn conditions decreased to a lesser extent across the middle 

Mississippi Valley as mostly dry conditions during August eliminated soil moisture surpluses. Crop conditions improved in 

Texas while decreasing slightly across the remainder of the southern half of the Great Plains where heavy rains around 

mid-August provided some relief to the drought stressed crop. However, condition ratings in these areas remained below last 

year’s levels. 

Mostly dry, mild conditions across the Corn Belt during August provided favorable conditions for corn growth. However, the 

crop continued to develop behind average due to the slow early season planting pace. By August 31, forty-five percent of the 

crop had reached the dent stage or beyond, 30 points behind last year and 20 points behind the 5-year average. Development 

was more than 30 points behind normal in the upper and middle Mississippi Valley and northernmost areas of the Great 

Plains. The crop was just beginning to enter the final stage of development with 6 percent of the acreage rated mature or 

beyond on August 31, fifteen points behind last year and 10 points behind normal. Missouri was furthest behind with 

9 percent of their corn acreage rated mature or beyond compared with 49 percent last year and 53 percent for the 5-year 

average. 

Sorghum: Production is forecast at 426 million bushels, up 4 percent from last month but down 16 percent from last year. 

Expected area for harvest as grain is forecast at 6.44 million acres, unchanged from last month but down 5 percent from 2007. 

Based on September 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 66.1 bushels per acre, up 2.4 bushels from last month but down 

8.1 bushels from last year. In Kansas, the top producing State, yield is expected to average 76 bushels per acre, up 5 bushels

from last month but down 4 bushels from last year. In Texas, the second leading State, yields are expected to average 

52 bushels per acre, unchanged from the previous month but 14 bushels below last year. 

Sorghum developed near the normal pace throughout the growing region and was 88 percent headed, 55 percent coloring, and 

30 percent mature as of August 31. Adequate to abundant precipitation and cooler weather throughout the major producing 

States aided the crop, As of August 31, fifty-one percent of the Nation’s sorghum crop was rated good to excellent, 

compared with 63 percent a year earlier. 

Rice: Production is forecast at 207 million cwt, up 1 percent from the August forecast and up 5 percent from last year. Based 

on administrative data, planted area is revised to 2.94 million acres, up 2 percent from the June estimate and up 6 percent from 

2007. Area for harvest is expected to total 2.92 million acres, up 2 percent from August and up 6 percent from 2007. As of 

September 1, the U.S. yield is forecast at 7,076 pounds per acre, down 40 pounds from the previous month’s forecast and 

109 pounds below the 2007 record yield of 7,185 pounds per acre. However, if realized, this will be the second highest yield 

on record. Record yields are forecast for Arkansas, Missouri, and Texas. 

As of August 31, ninety-four percent of the U.S. acreage was headed, 3 percentage points behind both last year and the 

five-year average. Crop development in both Arkansas and Mississippi continued to lag behind normal due to late planting 

caused by wet field conditions in the spring. Twelve percent of the U.S. acreage was harvested as of August 31, compared 

with 23 percent at the same time last year and 20 percent for the five-year average. 

Soybeans: Area for harvest is forecast at 73.3 million acres, unchanged from last month but up 17 percent from 2007. 

Harvested area, if realized, will be the third largest on record. 

The September objective yield data for the combined seven major soybean producing States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, 

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska and Ohio) indicate a lower pod count compared with last year, as late planting this spring led 

to slower than normal development. Compared with final counts for 2007, pod counts are down in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 35 NASS, USDA 

and Nebraska. The largest decrease is in Nebraska, down 312 pods per 18 square feet from 2007’s record high pod count as 

dry conditions across the eastern part of the State have reduced yield expectations for much of the non-irrigated soybeans. 

After beginning the month 21 points behind the normal pace for setting pods, the crop developed rapidly during August and 

progress had nearly returned to normal by the end of the month. As of August 31, ninety-four percent of the U.S. crop was at 

or beyond the pod-setting stage, behind last year and the 5-year average by 4 and 3 points, respectively. The only State where

pod-setting was not within 4 points of the normal pace was Missouri, where only 69 percent of the soybeans were at or 

beyond the pod-setting stage, 25 points behind normal. 

As of August 31, fifty-seven percent of the U.S. soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 1 percentage point 

above the same week in 2007 but down 4 percentage points from the previous week. Crop conditions declined or remained 

unchanged during August across the Corn Belt and Great Plains, with the exception of Kansas. Decreases of more than 

10 points in percent rated good to excellent occurred in Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, Michigan, Tennessee, and Wisconsin as 

abnormally dry conditions prevailed in those areas. Meanwhile, the only States that showed an increase in condition ratings 

during the month were Arkansas, Kansas, Mississippi, and North Carolina. If realized, the yield forecast in New York will 

match the record high set in 2006. 

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 4.76 billion pounds, up 6 percent from last month and up 27 percent from last year. Based 

on administrative data, planted area is revised to 1.53 million acres, up 5 percent from the June estimate and up 25 percent 

from the previous crop year. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.49 million acres, up 5 percent from August and up 

25 percent from 2007. Yields are expected to average 3,188 pounds per acre, up 37 pounds from last month and up 58 pounds 

from 2007. 

Production in the Southeast States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina) is expected to total 

3.44 billion pounds, up 8 percent from August and up 32 percent from last year’s production. Planted area, at 1.13 million 

acres, is up 5 percent from June and up 26 percent from 2007. Expected area for harvest, at 1.10 million acres, is up 5 percent 

from August and up 26 percent from 2007. Yields in the region are expected to average 3,136 pounds per acre, up 

100 pounds from last month and 147 pounds above last year. Yields are higher than last year in Alabama, Florida, and South 

Carolina, while both Mississippi and Georgia expect yields to be identical to their 2007 average. 

Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 351 million pounds, up 7 percent from August and up 14 percent from 2007. 

Planted acres, at 123,000, are up 8 percent from both June and the previous crop year. Expected area for harvest, at 

121,000 acres, is up 7 percent from August and up 9 percent from last year. Yield is forecast at 2,900 pounds per acre, 

unchanged from August but up 119 pounds from 2007. As of August 31, the majority of acreage in both States was rated in 

fair to good condition. 

Southwest peanut production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 971 million pounds, down slightly 

from last month but up 17 percent from 2007. Planted acres, at 282,000, are up 5 percent from June and up 29 percent from 

2007. Expected acreage for harvest, at 276,000, is up 5 percent from last month and up 29 percent from last year. Yields are 

expected to average 3,520 pounds per acre for the region, down 197 pounds from August and down 365 pounds from the 

previous year. 

Cotton: Upland cotton harvested area, at 7.66 million acres, is virtually unchanged from last month but down 25 percent 

from last year. This is the lowest acreage since 1983. Based on administrative information, harvested area estimates were 

increased from a month ago in California, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina, New Mexico and South Carolina. Expected 

harvested acreage decreased in Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, Florida, Kansas, Mississippi, Tennessee and Oklahoma from the 

previous month. American-Pima harvested area, at 170,000 acres, is down 23,900 acres from last month and down 41 percent 

from last year. 

During the early part of the month, producers in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South 

Carolina, and Virginia) battled hot, dry conditions. Later in the month, Tropical Storm Fay made landfall in the Florida 

panhandle and produced moderate to heavy rains along coastal areas of Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. The rainfall 

was beneficial to the crop and relieved some of the drought conditions in the region. The crop was rated in mostly fair to good

condition throughout the region. Objective yield measurements in Georgia show the boll weight to be slightly below the 5-

year average. 

The cotton crop in the Delta States was advancing normally except in Louisiana where the crop was maturing rapidly due to 

the hot, dry conditions. In mid-August, cooler temperatures and rain showers dominated the region with areas in Arkansas, 

Louisiana, and Mississippi receiving over 5 inches of accumulated rainfall. With the abnormally wet, cool weather, crop 

development was behind throughout most of the region. Later in the month, warmer weather moved through the North Delta 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 36 NASS, USDA 

region. In Louisiana, defoliation was underway by the end of the month and producers were preparing for harvest and for 

landfall of Hurricane Gustav. In Mississippi, objective yield measurements show the bolls per acre to be the highest since 

2003. Objective yield measurements in Louisiana show the lowest boll weight in the last 5 years. 

Cotton producers on the High Plains of Texas battled hot, dry conditions during early August. Scattered showers during the 

middle of the month brought much needed moisture to the High Plains area. The crop was maturing normally and rated in 

mostly fair to good condition. Harvest was nearing completion in South Texas. Texas producers abandoned an additional 

200,000 acres since last month’s harvest acreage forecast. Data from objective yield samples show Texas boll counts to be 

the highest in the last 5 years. In Oklahoma and Kansas, the crop was developing normally and rated in mostly good to fair 

condition. 

California upland cotton producers faced intense hot weather and dry conditions at the beginning of August. Despite this 

adverse weather, the mostly irrigated crop was rated in excellent condition and maturing behind last year and the 5-year 

average. By late August, harvest was underway in the Desert Southwest. 

American-Pima production is forecast at 459,000 bales, down 12 percent from the August forecast and down 46 percent from 

last year’s record high production. The U.S. yield is forecast at 1,296 pounds, up 4 pounds from last month but down 

123 pounds from last year. California production is forecast at 420,000 bales, down 13 percent from last month. The crop 

was progressing normally throughout Arizona and California and reported to be in fair to good condition. 

Ginnings totaled 337,850 running bales prior to September 1, compared with 182,250 running bales ginned prior to the same 

date last year and 405,500 running bales in 2006. 

Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 2008 is forecast at 815 million pounds, 2 percent above last month and up 4 percent 

from 2007. Area harvested is forecast at 356,040 acres, up 2 percent from August 1 but virtually unchanged from a year ago. 

Yields for 2008 are expected to average 2,289 pounds per acre, up 18 pounds from the previous forecast and 98 pounds 

greater than 2007. 

Flue-cured tobacco production is expected to total 520 million pounds, 3 percent above both the previous forecast and last 

year. Growers plan to harvest 226,500 acres in 2008, up 2 percent from both the August 1 forecast and a year ago. Yields are 

forecast to average 2,295 pounds per acre, 27 pounds above the last forecast and up 36 pounds from 2007. Yields in North 

Carolina, the leading flue-cured tobacco state, are expected to average 2,300 pounds per acre, up 50 pounds from August. 

Yields in Georgia and South Carolina decreased from last month 100 pounds and 50 pounds, respectively. Yields in Virginia 

remained unchanged from the previous forecast. Tropical Storm Fay brought excessive rains to parts of Georgia and South 

Carolina making harvest difficult and damaging the tobacco crop in some areas. 

Burley production is expected to total 197 million pounds, down 2 percent from the August forecast and 5 percent below last 

year. Growers plan to harvest 95,950 acres, 1 percent below the previous forecast and down 10 percent from 2007. If 

realized, this will be the lowest acreage on record. The previous low of 100,150 acres was in 2005, the first year after the 

tobacco buyout eliminated quotas. Yields are expected to average 2,050 pounds per acre, 21 pounds below last month but 

99 pounds above a year ago. Yields have decreased from a month ago in Ohio, Tennessee, and Virginia as temperatures in 

August remained high with scattered precipitation. Yields in Pennsylvania also decreased due to a hail storm that damaged 

the tobacco crop. 

Fire-cured tobacco production is expected to total 61.5 million pounds, up 9 percent from last month’s forecast and 48 percent 

above 2007. Growers plan to harvest 18,400 acres, 9 percent above the August 1 forecast and up 26 percent from a year ago. 

The yield is expected to average 3,342 pounds per acre, 5 pounds above last month and up 487 pounds from last year. 

Southern Maryland Belt tobacco production in Pennsylvania is expected to total 3.42 million pounds, down 22 percent from 

the August forecast but 48 percent above 2007. A total of 1,800 acres is expected to be harvested, 10 percent below last 

month but up 64 percent from a year ago. Average yields, at 1,900 pounds per acre, are expected to decrease 300 pounds 

from the previous forecast and 200 pounds from last year. 

Dark air-cured tobacco is expected to total 24.4 million pounds, up 15 percent from last month and 81 percent above 2007. 

Growers plan to harvest 8,300 acres, 15 percent greater than the August forecast and 67 percent above last year. Yields are 

expected to average 2,942 pounds per acre, down 8 pounds from the previous forecast but 236 percent above a year ago. 

Many growers in Kentucky and Tennessee have shifted their acreage from burley to the dark tobacco types in expectation of 

higher prices. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 37 NASS, USDA 

All Cigar type production is expected to total 9.07 million pounds, down 15 percent from last month’s forecast and 20 percent 

below last year. Growers of cigar type tobacco plan to harvest 5,090 acres, 14 percent below the previous forecast and down 

15 percent from 2007. Overall yield is expected to average 1,781 pounds per acre, down 35 pounds from August 1 and 

92 pounds below a year ago. 

Summer Potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 14.9 million cwt, up 2 percent from the July 1 forecast but 

down 12 percent from 2007. Harvested acres are estimated at 46,200 acres, 2 percent above the July forecast but 10 percent 

below last year. If realized, this will be the lowest harvested acreage on record. Average yield is forecast at 324 cwt per acre, 

up 3 cwt from July but down 8 cwt from 2007. 

California’s yield of 390 cwt per acre is a record high for summer potatoes. The crop progressed normally and most growers 

reported good quality potatoes. Harvest was expected to continue through September. In Missouri, farmers reported 

excessive wet conditions negatively impacted yields and potato quality. Colorado’s growing conditions were reported as 

good with harvest starting later than normal due to delayed planting and early hail damage. In Alabama, some grower’s 

reported drought-like conditions, while others commented on having a good year. Many growers started harvest in June, and 

in some cases, were done by late July. Growing conditions in New Jersey were rated fair and harvest was expected to be 

completed by the end of October. In Virginia, timely rains during spring followed by hot temperatures benefitted growth. 

Fall Potatoes, 2007 Final: Production of 2007 fall potatoes is finalized at 408 million cwt, 2 percent above the 2006 crop 

and 6 percent higher than 2005. Area harvested, at 996,800 acres, increased 1 percent from 2006 and was up 5 percent from 

two years earlier. The average yield, at 409 cwt per acre, is a record high and is up 3 cwt from 2006 and 6 cwt above 2005. 

All Potatoes, 2007: Final production of potatoes from all four seasons in 2007 totaled 447 million cwt, up 1 percent from 

2006 and 5 percent above 2005. Area harvested is estimated at 1.13 million acres, up 1 percent from a year earlier and 

4 percent higher than 2005. The yield, averaging 396 cwt per acre, increased 3 cwt from 2006 and was up 6 cwt from 2005. 

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2008 is forecast at 30.0 million tons, down 1 percent from the 

August forecast but up fractionally from last year. Expected production increases from last year in Florida, Hawaii, and 

Texas offset a projected decrease in Louisiana. Producers intend to harvest 868,500 acres for sugar and seed during the 

2008 crop year, unchanged from the August forecast but 11,100 acres below last year. Expected yield is forecast at 34.6 tons 

per acre, down 0.4 ton from the August forecast but up 0.5 ton from last year. Yields were unchanged from last month in all 

States except Louisiana, where the yield forecast decreased by 1 ton. 

Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets in 2008 is forecast at 26.1 million tons, down 3 percent from the August forecast and 

down 18 percent from last year. Production forecasts are down from last year in all estimating States except Colorado. 

Growers expect to harvest 1.06 million acres in 2008, up 1 percent from the August forecast but down 15 percent from last 

year. The yield forecast, at 24.7 tons per acre, is up 0.6 ton from August but down 0.9 ton from 2007. Yield expectations are

higher than last month in all States except North Dakota and Washington. 

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.00 million pounds for July 2008, down 15 percent from June and 

23 percent lower than a year ago. Total crop acreage for July is estimated at 2,040 acres, unchanged from June but up 

11 percent from July 2007. Harvested area totaled 1,330 acres, unchanged from the previous month but 12 percent higher 

than July 2007. Weather conditions during July consisted of mostly sunny skies combined with a few light showers. The 

continuous dry weather affected orchards in areas depending on natural rainfall and resulted in sporadic flowering, gaps in the

columns, and a smaller harvest. Growers continued to take measures to control weeds and pests. 

Florida Citrus: The first two weeks of the month were busy for growers as they put out final applications of summer oils, 

cleaned ditches, and fertilized, mowed, and hedged groves. The focus changed when Tropical Storm Fay swept across the 

Florida peninsula twice during the middle of the third week. Although fruit drop from the wind was minimal, tree damage 

could result from excess water generated by the storm. Citrus producing counties along the East Coast had up to a foot of rain

in a single week. Counties in the southern and central citrus areas recorded rainfall amounts between three and eight inches, 

and isolated areas reported higher amounts. Most growers began pumping excess water out of ditches and canals before the 

storm hit, in anticipation of extreme rainfall amounts, and continued pumping for several days afterwards. 

Access to groves with canker or greening was monitored by owners. Every precaution to prevent the spread of disease was 

being implemented. Where caretakers have spent ample time maintaining groves, oranges progressed well with sizes up to 

almost baseball size by the end of the month. Grapefruit were typically slightly less than softball size at month's end. 

Overall, conditions remained good in well-managed groves. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 38 NASS, USDA 

California Citrus: Valencia orange harvest was slow during August due to decreased demand. Some growers were holding 

onto fruit until late summer or fall when demand is expected to increase. Lemon harvest continued. Navel orange fruit size 

continued to develop, as some trees were sprayed for scale. Citrus growers continued grove maintenance. Irrigation was 

necessary in many areas due to hot weather. 

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Irrigation continued during August in vineyards and orchards. Growers were 

monitoring water use closely due to water restrictions in many locations. Table and wine type grape harvest continued during 

the month. Flame and Thompson Seedless, Diamond Muscat, Black Emerald, Red Globe, Summer Royal, Autumn Royal, 

Princess, and Crimson varieties were harvested. Wine and juice grape varieties harvested included Alicante Bouchet, 

Chardonnay, Cabernet, Carignane, Grenache, Merlot, and Zinfandel. Growers began laying grapes on the ground to dry, 

marking the start of the raisin grape harvest. Zante currants were harvested and rolled. Stone fruit and pomegranate cultural

practices such as irrigation, summer pruning, and treatments to control weeds and insect pests continued. Peach, plum, and 

nectarine varieties were harvested. In Yuba County some cling peach orchards were being left unharvested due to damage 

from the April freeze. Other tree fruits harvested included figs, Asian and Bartlett pears, and Gala and McIntosh apples. The

pear crop appeared to be below average in some locations. In Stanislaus County, field fumigations were underway in 

strawberry fields. Various kinds of berries were still being picked in parts of the State. Kiwifruit was sizing in Yuba County. 

Olive fruits were sizing nicely, though some groves were expected to be left unharvested due to low yields. Almond harvest 

was well underway during August. Many new acres came into production this year, and the quality of fruit nuts looked good. 

Hull-split was still occurring in many groves. Walnut orchards were prepared for harvest, and trees were propped due to the 

heavy crop. Cleanup of broken limbs was underway, and treatments for codling moth, mites and husk fly continued. Yields 

appeared low in groves damaged by frost earlier in the season. Pistachios growers were preparing for harvest. 

Hazelnuts: Production in Oregon is forecast at 34,000 tons, 8 percent less than last year’s revised production of 37,000 tons, 

and 21 percent less than 2006. From 1992 to 2003, Oregon hazelnut production exhibited a biennial bearing pattern with 

wide swings in production. Beginning in 2004, crops deviated from this pattern. The 2007 production forecast, if realized, 

would mark the second time that production decreased two years in a row since 2003. 

The September forecast is based on the hazelnut objective yield survey conducted annually in Oregon. This year, the survey 

was delayed three weeks to allow the crop to develop because cooler than normal weather during much of the summer 

delayed maturity. The percentage of good nuts analyzed in the laboratory, at 88.7 percent, is 2.1 percentage points higher 

than last year and the highest since 1976. However, the number of nuts picked per tree was low, which typically indicates a 

smaller crop. The average dry weight per good nut sampled was 3.03 grams compared with 3.09 grams last year. Bad nuts 

due to brown stain totaled 0.21 percent of all nuts, compared to 0.35 percent in 2006. 

The complete report is available as: 

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Oregon/Publications/Fruits_Nuts_and_Berries/09_09hz.pdf. 

Walnuts: California production is forecast at 375,000 tons, up 15 percent from last year’s 325,000 tons. Bearing acreage 

remains the same as in 2007 at 218,000 acres. The September forecast is based on the walnut objective measurement survey 

conducted August 1 through August 25, 2008. 

Survey data indicated an average nut set of 1,416 per tree, up 4 percent from last year’s average of 1,357 nuts. Of the 

varieties with the largest planted acreage, Hartley nut set was down 14 percent from 2007; Chandler was up 33 percent; and 

Serr was down 20 percent. The percentage of sound kernels in-shell was 98.0 percent Statewide, compared with 98.4 percent 

last year. In-shell weight per nut was 22.2 grams, versus 20.3 grams in 2007. The average in-shell width (suture 

measurement) was 32.6 millimeters; average cross-width measurement was 32.9 millimeters and length was 39.3 millimeters. 

These compare with last year’s measurements of 31.9 millimeters in width, 32.6 millimeters cross-width, and length of 

37.6 millimeters. 

The complete report is available at: 

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Fruits_and_Nuts/200809walom.pdf.
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 39 NASS, USDA 

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 25 and September 8 to 

gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and soybeans were 

conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the U.S. production. Farm operators 

were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in 

selected fields for the objective yield survey (corn, cotton, and soybeans). The counts made within each sample plot depend 

on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants are recorded along with other measurements that 

provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used with similar data 

from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. 

The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has 

harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. 

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. 

Approximately 14,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. These 

growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields. 

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for reasonableness 

and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress 

compared to previous months and previous years. Each Field Office submits an analysis of the current situation to the 

Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published September 

1 forecasts. 

 

Revision Policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month 

throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a 

balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are 

then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of planted acres for 

spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered the planting intentions 

since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in September Crop Production 

report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains Annual report at the end of 

September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. Revisions to planted acres will only be 

made when either special survey data or administrative data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a 

production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast. 

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the September 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean 

Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final 

end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent 

years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is 5.5 percent. This 

means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more 

than 5.5 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 9.6 percent. 

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the September 1 forecast 

and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the September 1 forecast and the final estimate 

during the last 20 years have averaged 377 million bushels, ranging from 21 million bushels to 891 million bushels. The 

September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 13 times and above 7 times. This does not imply that the September 1 

corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 40 NASS, USDA 

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts 

Root Mean 

Square Error 

20-Year Record of 

Differences Between Forecast 

and Final Estimate 

Crop Unit Quantity Years 

Percent 

90 

Percent 

Confidence 

Interval 

Average Smallest Largest Below 

Final 

Above 

Final 

 Million Million Million Number Number 

Corn For Grain 

Sorghum for Grain 

Rice 

Soybeans for Beans 

Cotton 1

Bu 

Bu 

Cwt 

Bu 

Bales 

5.5 

7.8 

3.7 

5.3 

6.6 

9.6 

13.4 

6.4 

9.2 

11.5 

377 

29 

5 

120 

1,006 

21 

1 

0 

34 

143 

891 

115 

16 

288 

2,366 

13 

9 

14 

12 

12 

7 

11 

6 

8 

8 

1

 Quantity is in thousands of bales. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

September 2008 41 NASS, USDA 

Information Contacts 

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for

additional information. 

Jeff Geuder, Chief............................................................................................................................. (202) 720-2127 

Field Crops Section 

Lance Honig, Head..................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127 

Todd Ballard - Wheat, Rye......................................................................................... (202) 720-8068 

Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings.................................................................... (202) 720-5944 

Don Gephart - Hay, Oats, Sorghum............................................................................(202) 690-3234 

Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed .................................................................. (202) 720-9526 

Dawn Keen - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops ..................................................... (202) 720-7621 

Anthony Prillaman - Peanuts, Rice............................................................................. (202) 720-7688 

Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds............................................. (202) 720-7369 

Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section 

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head........................................................................................... (202) 720-2127 

Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco .......................................... (202) 720-7235 

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, 

Onions, Strawberries................................................................. (202) 720-2157 

Mike Jacobsen - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries, 

Plums, Prunes ........................................................................... (202) 720-4288 

Doug Marousek - Floriculture, Nursery, Tree Nuts.................................................... (202) 720-4215 

Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, 

 Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas.......................................................................... (202) 720-3250 

Suzanne Avilla - Citrus, Tropical Fruits..................................................................... (202) 720-5412 

Faye Propsom - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ............................................... (202) 720-4285 

Kim Ritchie - Hops..................................................................................................... (360) 902-1940 
 

 

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provider and employer. 
 

 

USDA Data Users’ Meeting

October 20, 2008

Doubletree Hotel Chicago O’Hare Airport-Rosemont 

Rosemont, Illinois 

(847) 292-9100 

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data 

users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and 

information programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to 

be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, 

the Foreign Agricultural Service, and World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade 

Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting. 

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS 

homepage at www.nass.usda.gov/forum/ or contact Marjorie Taylor (NASS) at (202) 690-8141 

or at marjorie_taylor@nass.usda.gov. 

 

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook meeting that will be held at the same 

location on October 21, 2008. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from various 

commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional 

information for the Industry Outlook Meeting see the Livestock and Marketing Information 

Center (LMIC) homepage at www.lmic.info or contact Jim Robb at (720) 544-2941 or at 

robb@lmic.info.