Cr Pr 2-2 (5-05)

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released May 12, 2005, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of

Agriculture. For information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Winter Wheat Production Up 6 Percent from 2004

All Orange Production Unchanged from April 

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.59 billion bushels, up 6 percent from 2004. Based on May 1

conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 45.4 bushels per acre, 1.9 bushels more than last year. Grain area

totals 35.1 million acres, up 2 percent from last season.

Hard Red production is up 18 percent from a year ago to 1.01 billion bushels. Soft Red is down 21 percent

and totals 302 million bushels. White production totals 283 million bushels, up 7 percent from a year ago. 

Of the White production total, 31.2 million bushels are Hard White and 251 million bushels are Soft White. 

This is the first year that production levels for Hard White and Soft White are available; therefore, there are

no previous year comparisons.

The U.S. all orange May 1 forecast for the 2004-05 season is 9.19 million tons, unchanged from the April 1

forecast but 29 percent below last season's final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast, at 151 million boxes

(6.80 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 38 percent below the previous season. The

early and midseason forecast in Florida is 79.2 million boxes (3.56 million tons), unchanged from last month

but 37 percent below the previous season. Harvest of the early and midseason varieties is complete, making

this the smallest early-mid-navels crop since the 1989-90 season. Florida’s Valencia forecast is 72.0 million

boxes (3.24 million tons), unchanged from the April forecast but 38 percent below last season's final

utilization. In most seasons, harvest is beyond the halfway point by May 1, however, the row count survey

conducted April 27-28 indicated only 45 percent of the Valencia rows have been harvested. Arizona,

California, and Texas orange production forecasts are carried over from April 1.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 2004-05 season is increased from 1.58 to

1.60 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The early-midseason portion is final at 1.53 gallons per box. The

Valencia portion is raised from 1.66 to 1.71 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume that the

processing relationship this year will be similar to those of the past several years.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 2 NASS, USDA

This report was approved on May 12, 2005.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Charles F. Conner

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Rich Allen
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Grains & Hay

Hay Stocks ........................................................................ 6

Wheat, By Class .................................................................... 5

Wheat, Durum ...................................................................... 5

Wheat, Winter ...................................................................... 4

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

Cotton ........................................................................... 16

 Cumulative Boll Counts ............................................................ 19

 Harvest Loss per Acre ............................................................. 18

Cottonseed ........................................................................ 18

Tobacco ........................................................................... 9

 Tobacco by Class and Type ......................................................... 10

 Tobacco by Farm Marketings ........................................................ 14

Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts

Almonds .......................................................................... 8

Bananas .......................................................................... 15

Guavas .......................................................................... 15

Papayas .......................................................................... 15

Peaches ........................................................................... 8

Taro ............................................................................. 15

Citrus Fruits 

Grapefruit ......................................................................... 7

Lemons ........................................................................... 7

Oranges ........................................................................... 7

Tangelos .......................................................................... 7

Tangerines ......................................................................... 7

Temples ........................................................................... 7

Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops

Potatoes ........................................................................... 8

Crop Comments ...................................................................... 30

Crop Summary ....................................................................... 20

Information Contacts .................................................................. 37

Reliability of Production Data in this Report .............................................. 35

Weather Maps ....................................................................... 26

Weather Summary .................................................................... 28
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 4 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2003-2004 and Forecasted May 1, 2005 1

State

Harvested Yield Production

2004 2005 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

MD

MI

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WI

Oth

 Sts 2

US

620

320

1,700

47

190

700

900

440

8,500

380

145

640

135

930

1,630

1,650

100

460

890

4,700

780

135

180

1,250

280

3,500

180

1,750

225

1,105

34,462

185

265

2,450

47

230

730

600

340

9,600

300

140

640

90

600

2,050

1,700

115

430

810

4,300

840

170

165

1,400

170

3,500

170

1,850

175

1,007

35,069

53.0

85.0

27.0

58.0

45.0

90.0

59.0

62.0

37.0

54.0

59.0

64.0

53.0

52.0

41.0

37.0

53.0

50.0

62.0

35.0

61.0

49.0

44.0

45.0

49.0

31.0

55.0

67.0

56.0

38.5

43.5

48.0

76.0

35.0

58.0

55.0

90.0

59.0

65.0

44.0

57.0

64.0

70.0

49.0

52.0

41.0

45.0

52.0

45.0

66.0

34.0

55.0

53.0

45.0

45.0

48.0

30.0

56.0

68.0

52.0

39.6

45.4

28,500

25,010

77,000

1,927

10,580

57,600

52,650

29,670

480,000

21,700

5,365

44,880

6,125

53,070

67,340

83,720

6,360

14,760

68,000

179,400

47,940

7,095

7,215

61,490

13,500

96,600

7,360

117,000

12,075

32,789

1,716,721

32,860

27,200

45,900

2,726

8,550

63,000

53,100

27,280

314,500

20,520

8,555

40,960

7,155

48,360

66,830

61,050

5,300

23,000

55,180

164,500

47,580

6,615

7,920

56,250

13,720

108,500

9,900

117,250

12,600

42,573

1,499,434

8,880

20,140

85,750

2,726

12,650

65,700

35,400

22,100

422,400

17,100

8,960

44,800

4,410

31,200

84,050

76,500

5,980

19,350

53,460

146,200

46,200

9,010

7,425

63,000

8,160

105,000

9,520

125,800

9,100

39,891

1,590,862

 1 Beginning in 2005 WI is published individually during the forecast season and WY is included in the Other States total. Other

States totals have been computed to reflect this change. 2 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be

published in the “Small Grains 2005 Summary.”
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 5 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2003-2004 and Forecasted May 1, 2005 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2004 2005 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 2

US

99

100

545

1,600

19

2,363

80

82

97.0

90.0

33.0

33.0

26.6

38.0

100.0

105.0

11,500

11,500

14,490

58,410

737

96,637

9,603

9,000

17,985

52,800

505

89,893

8,000

8,610

 1 Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in “Acreage” released June 30, 2005. Yield and production

will be published in “Crop Production” released July 12, 2005. 2 For 2003 and 2004, Other States include MN and SD. For 2005, Other States include ID and SD. Individual State level

estimates will be published in the “Small Grains 2005 Summary.”

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2003-2004

and Forecasted May 1, 2005 1 2

Year

Winter

Hard

Red

Soft

Red

Hard

White 3

Soft

White 3

All

White

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

 2003

 2004

 2005

1,070,996

856,211

1,006,083

380,435

380,305

302,276 31,174 251,329

265,290

262,918

282,503

Spring

Hard Total

Red

Hard

White 3

Soft

White 3

All

White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

 2003

 2004

 2005

499,674

525,467

31,728

43,451

96,637

89,893

2,344,760

2,158,245

 1 Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. The previous

end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season, except for States where updated information is

available. 2 Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in “Crop Production” released July 12, 2005. 3 Individual Hard White and Soft White estimates not available prior to 2005.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 6 NASS, USDA

Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States,

December 1 and May 1, 2002-2005

State

Dec 1 May 1

2002 2003 2004 2003 2004 2005

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

1,750

203

2,755

1,840

1,548

73

9

475

1,295

2,824

1,370

1,037

3,900

4,800

3,975

662

161

274

77

2,024

4,183

1,631

6,897

4,086

3,278

882

55

61

550

2,169

934

4,300

1,666

5,357

2,550

2,138

10

413

5,825

3,318

10,460

1,210

240

2,329

1,600

934

3,600

1,250

102,978

1,764

280

2,700

2,086

1,841

83

12

434

1,494

2,772

1,797

1,561

3,695

5,600

5,035

937

164

377

72

1,872

3,567

1,125

7,148

3,986

5,244

857

60

96

525

2,430

1,625

4,690

2,504

4,244

2,357

2,440

10

601

7,210

3,830

9,910

1,495

332

2,515

1,620

957

3,110

1,963

111,027

1,965

250

3,200

1,724

2,527

73

25

410

1,345

2,782

1,613

1,704

4,368

6,304

4,742

910

189

348

95

1,893

4,127

1,159

8,101

4,427

4,175

741

53

161

545

1,895

1,545

3,923

2,250

5,186

2,366

2,700

12

557

6,939

4,199

10,451

1,383

276

2,716

1,560

1,030

3,532

1,818

114,294

254

45

588

200

360

14

4

80

230

635

285

96

1,100

1,150

513

173

39

55

21

462

815

249

1,083

953

870

167

9

11

98

520

50

940

215

1,190

340

380

1

65

1,154

504

3,888

175

80

272

285

95

1,100

200

22,013

487

55

600

306

610

14

4

52

342

445

408

253

605

1,400

1,466

115

33

60

15

250

575

244

1,462

790

1,596

121

11

40

115

552

405

828

556

1,275

371

570

2

186

1,515

1,182

2,849

279

86

758

470

191

920

478

25,947

356

35

660

215

470

21

5

26

292

535

460

345

1,250

1,735

1,186

128

39

86

17

500

884

199

2,166

860

1,375

80

12

36

164

440

350

917

420

1,400

362

650

2

120

2,100

1,025

2,779

300

71

791

322

212

927

383

27,708
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 7 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

2002-2003, 2003-2004 and Forecasted May 1, 2005 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early, Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless 5

 FL

 Colored Seedless

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 4 6

 CA 4 6

 FL

 US

Lemons 4

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

200

42,000

112,000

1,350

155,550

270

20,000

91,000

220

111,490

470

62,000

203,000

1,570

267,040

1,300

16,200

22,500

130

5,600

38,700

5,650

50,080

430

2,800

5,500

8,730

3,000

24,000

27,000

2,350

300

38,000

126,000

1,420

165,720

170

14,000

116,000

230

130,400

470

52,000

242,000

1,650

296,120

1,400

15,900

25,000

140

5,400

40,900

5,700

52,140

690

2,700

6,500

9,890

3,000

18,000

21,000

1,000

240

43,000

79,200

1,750

124,190

190

18,000

72,000

230

90,420

430

61,000

151,200

1,980

214,610

650

3,500

9,500

160

5,400

13,000

6,500

25,060

400

3,000

4,450

7,850

2,400

19,500

21,900

1,550

8

1,575

5,040

57

6,680

10

751

4,095

9

4,865

18

2,326

9,135

66

11,545

59

689

957

4

187

1,646

226

2,063

16

105

261

382

114

912

1,026

105

12

1,426

5,670

60

7,168

6

526

5,220

10

5,762

18

1,952

10,890

70

12,930

63

675

1,063

5

181

1,738

228

2,152

25

101

309

435

114

684

798

45

9

1,613

3,564

74

5,260

7

675

3,240

10

3,932

16

2,288

6,804

84

9,192

29

149

404

5

181

553

260

999

15

113

211

339

91

741

832

70

 1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos & Temples90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities

of tangerines in TX. 4 Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5 Includes seedy. 6 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 8 NASS, USDA

Spring Potatoes: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production

by State and United States, 2003-2005

State

Area

Yield Production

Planted Harvested

2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2003 2004 2005

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AZ

CA

FL

 Hastings

 Other FL

NC

TX

Total

6.2

17.5

24.8

18.2

6.6

17.0

11.0

76.5

4.3

13.8

23.6

17.3

6.3

14.5

9.5

65.7

6.2

17.5

24.5

18.0

6.5

13.5

10.5

72.2

4.3

13.8

23.2

17.0

6.2

14.0

9.1

64.4

285

475

313

320

295

200

210

314

275

410

282

285

275

190

225

281

2,090

8,360

8,008

5,684

2,324

2,975

3,000

24,433

1,767

8,313

7,678

5,760

1,918

2,700

2,205

22,663

1,183

5,658

6,550

4,845

1,705

2,660

2,048

18,099

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California,

2003-2004 and Forecasted May 1, 2005

State

Total Production

2003 2004 2005

Tons Tons Tons

Freestone

Clingstone 1

Total

413,000

536,000

949,000

410,000

539,000

949,000

410,000

510,000

920,000

 1 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.

Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production,

California, 2003-2004 and Forecasted May 1, 2005

State

Utilized Production

2003 2004 1 2005

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CA 1,040,000 1,010,000 850,000

 1 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 9 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value

by State and United States, 2003-2004 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CT

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

US

2,180

4,400

27,000

4,200

111,650

1,100

1,250

1,400

159,700

5,300

3,700

30,000

31,140

25,110

1,200

1,820

411,150

2,370

4,000

23,000

4,200

114,950

1,100

1,220

1,450

156,100

5,600

4,000

27,000

30,260

29,680

1,300

1,810

408,040

1,321

2,500

2,200

1,950

2,016

1,450

1,392

2,020

1,878

1,650

2,130

2,100

2,108

1,546

1,300

2,338

1,952

1,556

2,450

2,030

2,050

2,044

1,700

1,598

2,300

2,246

1,960

2,025

2,250

2,161

2,267

1,300

1,956

2,155

2,880

11,000

59,400

8,190

225,042

1,595

1,740

2,828

299,995

8,745

7,880

63,000

65,632

38,818

1,560

4,255

802,560

3,687

9,800

46,690

8,610

235,003

1,870

1,949

3,335

350,560

10,976

8,100

60,750

65,381

67,285

1,690

3,541

879,227

Price

per Pound

Value of

Production

2003 2004 2003 2004

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CT 2

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA 2

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

CT& MA 3

US 4

3.500

1.851

1.855

1.949

2.027

1.730

3.700

1.940

1.856

1.954

1.367

1.830

2.107

1.868

1.978

1.746

26.000

1.964

5.250

1.849

1.835

1.982

2.050

1.430

5.400

1.980

1.854

1.990

1.352

1.802

2.138

1.865

1.970

1.750

1.988

6,860

20,361

110,187

15,962

456,077

2,759

5,276

5,486

556,919

17,088

10,772

115,290

138,290

72,508

3,086

7,431

32,084

1,576,436

12,049

18,120

85,676

17,065

481,708

2,674

7,949

6,603

650,104

21,842

10,953

109,472

139,762

125,517

3,329

6,197

1,747,614

 1 2003 and 2004 revised. 2 Price and value includes type 51 only. Shade type 61 is not included in State totals to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 Includes type 61 only. CT and MA combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value not available for

2004. 4 Includes estimated 2004 value of production for CT and MA type 61. Used 2003 CT and MA type 61 price to compute the 2004

value of production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 10 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 2003-2004 1

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

40,000

18,000

58,000

94,000

20,000

30,000

50,000

4,400

27,000

31,400

233,400

550

2,600

5,200

7,800

2,500

400

2,900

11,250

4,200

103,000

1,400

5,700

5,300

25,000

6,500

1,200

152,300

1,100

1,300

2,400

154,700

43,000

23,000

66,000

89,000

19,400

27,000

46,400

4,000

23,000

27,000

228,400

710

2,700

5,300

8,000

2,600

420

3,020

11,730

4,200

106,000

1,450

4,700

5,600

24,000

5,900

1,300

153,150

1,100

2,200

3,300

156,450

1,770

1,690

1,745

1,955

1,915

2,100

2,026

2,500

2,200

2,242

1,957

1,525

3,080

2,980

3,013

3,530

3,350

3,505

3,067

1,950

1,925

2,020

1,250

1,650

1,900

1,150

1,300

1,850

1,450

2,000

1,748

1,848

2,350

2,505

2,404

2,250

2,200

2,250

2,229

2,450

2,030

2,092

2,272

1,895

3,100

3,100

3,100

3,700

3,300

3,644

3,167

2,050

1,950

2,300

1,400

1,960

1,920

1,390

1,300

1,908

1,700

1,800

1,767

1,905

70,800

30,420

101,220

183,770

38,300

63,000

101,300

11,000

59,400

70,400

456,690

839

8,008

15,496

23,504

8,825

1,340

10,165

34,508

8,190

198,275

2,828

7,125

8,745

47,500

7,475

1,560

281,698

1,595

2,600

4,195

285,893

101,050

57,615

158,665

200,250

42,680

60,750

103,430

9,800

46,690

56,490

518,835

1,345

8,370

16,430

24,800

9,620

1,386

11,006

37,151

8,610

206,700

3,335

6,580

10,976

46,080

8,201

1,690

292,172

1,870

3,960

5,830

298,002

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 11 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 2003-2004 1 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

2003 2004 2003 2004

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

1.857

1.849

1.855

1.856

1.840

1.830

1.834

1.851

1.855

1.854

1.851

1.641

2.480

2.492

2.488

2.450

2.424

2.447

2.455

1.949

1.982

1.940

1.950

1.954

1.975

1.972

1.978

1.977

1.730

1.300

1.463

1.970

1.858

1.852

1.856

1.855

1.830

1.802

1.814

1.849

1.835

1.837

1.845

1.798

2.548

2.550

2.549

2.520

2.510

2.519

2.513

1.982

2.000

1.980

1.943

1.990

1.980

1.977

1.970

1.994

1.430

1.250

1.308

1.980

131,476

56,247

187,723

341,077

70,472

115,290

185,762

20,361

110,187

130,548

845,110

1,377

19,860

38,616

58,476

21,621

3,248

24,869

84,722

15,962

392,981

5,486

13,894

17,088

93,813

14,741

3,086

557,051

2,759

3,380

6,139

563,190

187,751

106,703

294,454

371,464

78,104

109,472

187,576

18,120

85,676

103,796

957,290

2,418

21,327

41,897

63,224

24,242

3,479

27,721

93,363

17,065

413,400

6,603

12,785

21,842

91,238

16,213

3,329

582,475

2,674

4,950

7,624

590,099

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 12 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 2003-2004 1 (continued)

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT

 MA

 US

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61

All Tobacco

2,300

540

2,840

1,250

60

4,150

2,400

1,400

970

2,370

1,400

420

1,820

4,190

780

280

1,060

7,650

411,150

2,350

540

2,890

1,300

70

4,260

1,800

1,500

920

2,420

1,400

410

1,810

4,230

870

300

1,170

7,200

408,040

2,830

2,400

2,748

2,740

1,400

2,726

2,200

1,400

1,470

1,429

2,480

1,865

2,338

1,824

1,180

1,120

1,164

1,850

1,952

2,950

2,750

2,913

2,600

1,770

2,799

2,300

1,530

1,600

1,557

1,960

1,945

1,956

1,728

1,600

1,590

1,597

1,850

2,155

6,509

1,296

7,805

3,425

84

11,314

5,280

1,960

1,426

3,386

3,472

783

4,255

7,641

920

314

1,234

14,155

802,560

6,933

1,485

8,418

3,380

124

11,922

4,140

2,295

1,472

3,767

2,744

797

3,541

7,308

1,392

477

1,869

13,317

879,227

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 13 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 2003-2004 1 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

2003 2004 2003 2004

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT 2

 MA 2

 US 2

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61 3

All Tobacco 4

2.223

2.016

2.189

2.086

1.707

2.154

1.400

3.500

3.700

3.584

1.750

1.730

1.746

2.561

26.000

4.171

1.964

2.255

2.120

2.231

2.102

1.476

2.187

1.450

5.250

5.400

5.309

1.750

1.750

1.750

3.584

2.813

1.988

14,470

2,613

17,083

7,145

143

24,371

7,392

6,860

5,276

12,136

6,076

1,355

7,431

19,567

32,084

59,043

1,576,436

15,634

3,148

18,782

7,105

183

26,070

6,003

12,049

7,949

19,998

4,802

1,395

6,197

26,195

32,198

1,747,614

 1 2003 and 2004 revised. 2 CT and MA type 61 price and value for 2003 combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value not available

for 2004. 3 The 2004 price and value exclude type 61. 4 Includes estimated 2004 value of production for CT and MA type 61. Used 2003 CT and MA type 61 price to compute the 2004

value of production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 14 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class,

Month, and State, 2004 Marketing Year

Class

and

State

2004 2005

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Total

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

Flue-cured

 FL

 GA

 NC

 SC

 VA

Fire-cured

 VA

 KY

 TN

Air-cured

 IN

 KY

 MD

 MO 1

 NC

 OH

 PA 1

 TN

 VA

 WV 1

3

1

53

58

35

45

28

43

38

49

45

49

1

3

16

10

22 1

19

38

36

45

33

37

41

76

28

35

31

32

40

40

5

81

56

24

24

24

26

20

19

19

44

10

5

9

3

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

 1 Sales by month are not available.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 15 NASS, USDA

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 2004-2005

Month

Area Fresh Production 1

Total in Crop Harvested

2004 2005

2004 2005 2004 2005

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Mar

Apr

2,110

2,110

2,490

2,505

1,160

1,160

1,435

1,440

2,815

2,630

2,310

2,500

 1 Utilized fresh production.

Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield,

and Production, Hawaii, 2003-2004

Crop

Area Harvested Yield Production

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004

Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Bananas 1 2

Guavas 1

Papayas 1 3

Taro 4

1,350

530

1,565

420

500

1,235

370

16.7

12.6

27.2

16.2

29.0

22,500

6,700

42,600

5,000

8,100

35,800

5,200

 1 Only utilized production is estimated. 2 Missing data not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3 2004 revised. 4 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 16 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield

by Type, State, and United States, 2003-2004

Type

and

State

Area

Planted

Area

Harvested Yield

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

525.0

215.0

980.0

550.0

94.0

1,300.0

90.0

525.0

1,110.0

400.0

53.0

810.0

180.0

220.0

560.0

5,600.0

89.0

13,301.0

2.5

150.0

6.1

20.0

178.6

525.0

217.5

980.0

700.0

94.0

1,300.0

90.0

525.0

1,110.0

400.0

59.1

810.0

180.0

220.0

560.0

5,620.0

89.0

13,479.6

550.0

240.0

910.0

560.0

89.0

1,290.0

85.0

500.0

1,110.0

380.0

68.0

730.0

220.0

215.0

530.0

5,850.0

82.0

13,409.0

3.0

215.0

10.6

21.0

249.6

550.0

243.0

910.0

775.0

89.0

1,290.0

85.0

500.0

1,110.0

380.0

78.6

730.0

220.0

215.0

530.0

5,871.0

82.0

13,658.6

510.0

213.0

945.0

545.0

92.0

1,290.0

80.0

510.0

1,090.0

390.0

38.0

770.0

170.0

218.0

530.0

4,350.0

85.0

11,826.0

2.4

149.0

6.0

20.0

177.4

510.0

215.4

945.0

694.0

92.0

1,290.0

80.0

510.0

1,090.0

390.0

44.0

770.0

170.0

218.0

530.0

4,370.0

85.0

12,003.4

540.0

238.0

900.0

557.0

87.0

1,280.0

80.0

490.0

1,100.0

378.0

64.0

725.0

200.0

214.0

525.0

5,350.0

81.0

12,809.0

3.0

214.0

10.5

20.5

248.0

540.0

241.0

900.0

771.0

87.0

1,280.0

80.0

490.0

1,100.0

378.0

74.5

725.0

200.0

214.0

525.0

5,370.5

81.0

13,057.0

772

1,239

916

1,317

610

785

537

967

934

862

884

646

616

718

806

478

674

723

920

1,194

1,056

1,056

1,170

772

1,236

916

1,290

610

785

537

967

934

862

908

646

616

718

806

480

674

730

724

1,458

1,114

1,543

601

674

424

867

1,024

1,054

848

900

727

875

900

694

956

843

896

1,532

869

890

1,443

724

1,451

1,114

1,540

601

674

424

867

1,024

1,054

850

900

727

875

900

695

956

855

 1 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 17 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type,

State, and United States, 2003-2004

Type

and

State

Production in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 1

Lintseed

Ratio 2

Bales Ginned in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 3

2003 2004 4 2003 2004 2003 2004 4

1,000 Bales 1,000 Bales Bales Bales

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

820.0

550.0

1,804.0

1,495.0

117.0

2,110.0

89.5

1,027.0

2,120.0

700.0

70.0

1,037.0

218.0

326.0

890.0

4,330.0

119.4

17,822.9

4.6

370.5

13.2

44.0

432.3

820.0

554.6

1,804.0

1,865.5

117.0

2,110.0

89.5

1,027.0

2,120.0

700.0

83.2

1,037.0

218.0

326.0

890.0

4,374.0

119.4

18,255.2

814.0

723.0

2,089.0

1,790.0

109.0

1,797.0

70.7

885.0

2,346.0

830.0

113.0

1,360.0

303.0

390.0

984.0

7,740.0

161.4

22,505.1

5.6

683.0

19.0

38.0

745.6

814.0

728.6

2,089.0

2,473.0

109.0

1,797.0

70.7

885.0

2,346.0

830.0

132.0

1,360.0

303.0

390.0

984.0

7,778.0

161.4

23,250.7

0.386

0.402

0.410

0.398

0.398

0.417

0.389

0.406

0.397

0.435

0.419

0.412

0.422

0.392

828,450

525,400

1,784,050

1,516,000

125,900

2,106,050

91,950

1,055,500

2,115,700

693,400

44,800

1,047,950

209,850

322,350

878,800

4,355,700

109,450

17,811,300

4,600

370,500

12,650

44,400

432,150

828,450

530,000

1,784,050

1,886,500

125,900

2,106,050

91,950

1,055,500

2,115,700

693,400

57,450

1,047,950

209,850

322,350

878,800

4,397,450

109,450

18,240,800

826,750

692,800

2,069,450

1,819,850

95,800

1,803,000

68,050

912,300

2,334,400

826,200

50,950

1,379,600

295,750

381,800

985,300

7,806,150

146,950

22,495,100

5,500

682,700

17,850

38,750

744,800

826,750

698,300

2,069,450

2,502,550

95,800

1,803,000

68,050

912,300

2,334,400

826,200

68,800

1,379,600

295,750

381,800

985,300

7,844,900

146,950

23,239,900

 1 Production ginned and to be ginned. 2 Estimates available only for the 7 States shown. Three-year average. 3 Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 18 NASS, USDA

Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition

by State and United States, 2003-2004

State

Production

Farm Disposition Seed for

Planting Sales to 2

Oil Mills Other 1

2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 2004 2003 3 2004

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

FL

GA

KS

LA

MS

MO

NM

NC

OK

SC

TN

TX

VA

US

327.0

216.8

689.0

680.0

37.0

732.0

34.2

365.0

773.0

274.0

31.6

349.0

79.0

109.0

311.0

1,616.0

41.0

6,664.6

282.0

301.6

734.0

902.0

35.0

560.0

26.0

295.0

804.0

268.0

52.5

447.0

113.0

94.0

336.0

2,939.0

53.0

8,242.1

49.0

4.1

462.0

93.5

21.7

405.0

4.2

191.0

604.0

200.0

3.8

52.0

64.0

58.0

232.0

939.3

0.0

3,383.6

16.0

3.3

529.0

116.0

25.0

343.0

7.0

138.0

675.0

186.0

11.7

79.0

91.0

54.0

262.0

2,010.0

0.0

4,546.0

278.0

212.7

227.0

586.5

15.3

327.0

30.0

174.0

169.0

74.0

27.8

297.0

15.0

51.0

79.0

676.7

41.0

3,281.0

266.0

298.3

205.0

786.0

10.0

217.0

19.0

157.0

129.0

82.0

40.8

368.0

22.0

40.0

74.0

929.0

53.0

3,696.1

6.3

2.2

8.6

6.6

1.0

15.0

0.9

4.5

11.0

4.0

0.8

6.6

2.4

1.5

5.7

53.2

0.7

131.0

6.4

2.1

9.3

6.1

0.9

14.0

0.8

5.6

13.0

4.3

0.8

6.8

2.5

1.6

6.0

51.5

0.8

132.5

 1 Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2 Included in “other” farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 3 Revised.

Cotton: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 7 cotton producing States

during 2004. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to

obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton: Harvest Loss per Acre, by State, 2000-2004

State 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds

AR

CA

GA

LA

MS

NC

TX

59

91

108

60

95

179

43

80

123

115

74

121

180

46

102

177

153

82

158

185

60

105

130

136

108

95

165

58

83

125

128

84

77

165

49
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 19 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, Selected States, 2000-2004 1

State Month 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Number Number Number Number Number

AR

CA

GA

LA

MS

NC

TX

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

874

767

755

755

755

760

790

801

800

800

597

631

621

629

629

722

692

674

674

674

657

665

652

650

650

670

724

743

747

747

408

388

397

404

448

747

780

816

756

756

939

902

921

918

918

590

677

651

664

664

625

592

582

588

588

754

696

680

679

679

719

722

696

705

705

441

435

439

445

445

840

763

784

772

772

945

1,041

1,009

1,011

1,011

569

604

591

600

608

663

756

749

742

742

802

783

768

767

767

636

629

560

567

564

536

511

520

497

497

798

755

744

744

744

973

945

893

893

893

559

646

643

665

664

681

778

775

775

775

837

824

811

808

808

628

630

632

632

632

465

431

429

435

433

864

771

753

754

754

954

952

945

948

948

646

690

686

687

687

635

707

691

691

691

808

789

780

780

780

758

719

732

733

733

639

672

593

624

624

 1 Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially

opened bolls, and burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 20 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2004-2005

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2004 2005 2004 2005

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

4,527.0

80,930.0

4,085.0

710.0

3,347.0

1,380.0

7,486.0

59,674.0

43,350.0

2,561.0

13,763.0

865.0

523.0

73.0

1,430.0

8.7

175.0

75,208.0

1,873.0

13,658.6

13,409.0

249.6

1,346.0

30.5

1,354.3

530.0

345.0

1,193.4

18.7

76.5

58.5

1,039.7

97.4

3,974.0

81,413.0

4,267.0

3,358.0

7,400.0

58,592.0

41,613.0

2,608.0

14,371.0

1,047.0

919.0

1,597.0

73,910.0

2,750.0

13,815.0

13,540.0

275.0

1,299.0

1,663.5

20.0

65.7

94.9

4,021.0

73,632.0

6,103.0

61,916.0

21,707.0

40,209.0

1,792.0

595.0

3,325.0

320.0

6,517.0

352.0

49,999.0

34,462.0

2,363.0

13,174.0

828.0

516.0

68.7

1,394.0

7.8

159.0

73,958.0

1,711.0

13,057.0

12,809.0

248.0

1,306.7

952.1

408.0

21.5

1,219.3

507.8

329.0

5.8

0.2

27.7

77.7

1,167.5

18.5

72.2

54.0

1,022.8

15.1

93.3

0.4

62,940.0

35,069.0

319.9

19.8

64.4

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2005 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 21 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2004-2005

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

2004 2005 2004 2005

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu

“

Ton

“

“

“

Bu

“

Cwt

Bu

“

Ton

Bu

“

“

“

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

“

“

“

Bu

Lb

Bale

“

“

Ton

“

Lb

Cwt

“

“

“

“

Lb

“

“

“

Cwt

“

“

“

“

Lb

Cwt

Lb

69.4

160.4

17.6

2.55

3.47

2.05

64.7

25.3

6,942

26.9

69.8

13.5

43.2

43.5

38.0

43.2

1,618

20.3

819

3,057

1,394

1,105

42.5

1,197

855

843

1,443

22.9

30.8

2,155

1,228

1,460

2,249

1,271

1,220

40,000

1,990

92

391

260

314

341

401

116

176

45.4

256

281

279,253

11,807,217

107,336

157,774

75,383

82,391

115,935

15,065

230,818

8,615

454,899

4,763

2,158,245

1,499,434

89,893

568,918

1,339,530

8,242.1

10,471

56,290

4,261,700

10,875

175,765

3,140,996

2,047,863

23,250.7

22,505.1

745.6

29,932

29,295

879,227

264

17,799

11,419

4,182

899

7,100

6,000

55,203.9

7,146

455,933

4,818

22,663

18,429

410,023

1,746

16,399

5,200

1,590,862

5,066

18,099

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2005 crop year. 2 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 22 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2003-2005

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

2003 2004 2005

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI) 3

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts (OR)

 Pecans

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

“

“

“

“

“

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Ton

Ton

“

Lbs

Ton

Ton

“

“

Lb

Ton

Lb

Ton

Gal

2,063

1,026

11,545

105

382

59

8,713.1

97.6

22,500.0

6,552.5

118.0

42,600.0

1,259.5

928.1

181.0

16.3

1,040,000

37.9

282,100

326.0

1,260

2,152

798

12,930

45

435

63

10,078.3

100.7

5,972.5

104.0

35,800.0

1,279.1

893.3

49.0

24.9

1,010,000

37.0

181,000

325.0

1,507

999

832

9,192

70

339

29

850,000

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2005 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2004-05 season. 2 Production years are 2002-2003, 2003-2004, and 2004-2005. 3 2004 not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 23 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2004-2005

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2004 2005 2004 2005

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4

1,832,030

32,751,560

1,653,160

287,330

1,354,500

558,470

3,029,510

24,149,470

17,543,310

1,036,410

5,569,750

350,060

211,650

29,540

578,710

3,520

70,820

30,435,930

757,980

5,527,500

5,426,490

101,010

544,710

12,340

548,070

214,490

139,620

482,960

7,570

30,960

23,670

420,760

39,420

1,608,240

32,947,030

1,726,810

1,358,950

2,994,710

23,711,600

16,840,360

1,055,430

5,815,800

423,710

371,910

646,290

29,910,640

1,112,900

5,590,790

5,479,500

111,290

525,690

673,200

8,090

26,590

38,410

1,627,260

29,798,130

2,469,820

25,056,790

8,784,610

16,272,180

725,200

240,790

1,345,590

129,500

2,637,360

142,450

20,234,100

13,946,430

956,280

5,331,390

335,080

208,820

27,800

564,140

3,160

64,350

29,930,060

692,420

5,284,040

5,183,670

100,360

528,810

385,310

165,130

8,700

493,440

205,500

133,140

2,350

60

11,230

31,440

472,480

7,490

29,220

21,850

413,920

6,110

37,760

150

25,471,190

14,192,070

129,440

8,010

26,060

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full

2005 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 24 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2004-2005

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

2004 2005 2004 2005

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3.74

10.06

39.43

5.71

7.78

4.59

2.32

1.42

7.78

1.69

4.38

30.33

2.90

2.93

2.56

2.90

1.81

1.27

0.92

3.43

1.56

1.24

2.86

1.34

0.96

0.95

1.62

51.35

68.97

2.42

1.38

1.64

2.52

1.42

1.37

44.83

2.23

0.10

43.77

29.19

35.18

38.25

44.93

0.13

19.70

3.05

28.68

31.50

6,080,020

299,917,130

97,373,580

143,130,170

68,386,310

74,743,860

1,682,790

341,670

10,469,730

218,830

11,554,970

4,320,920

58,737,800

40,807,910

2,446,490

15,483,410

607,600

7,477,110

265,980

25,530

1,933,070

4,930

79,730

85,483,900

928,900

5,062,240

4,899,910

162,340

27,153,850

26,575,980

398,810

11,970

807,350

517,960

189,690

40,780

3,220

2,720

25,040

3,240

20,680,770

218,540

1,027,980

835,930

18,598,330

790

743,850

2,360

43,296,170

229,790

820,960

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2005 crop year. 2 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 25 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2003-2005

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Production

2003 2004 2005

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI) 3

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts (OR)

 Pecans

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

1,871,520

930,770

10,473,450

95,250

346,540

53,520

3,952,200

88,520

10,210

5,944,360

107,050

19,320

1,142,600

841,910

164,200

14,790

471,740

34,380

127,960

295,740

6,300

1,952,260

723,930

11,729,900

40,820

394,630

57,150

4,571,440

91,380

5,418,160

94,350

16,240

1,160,390

810,350

44,450

22,590

458,130

33,570

82,100

294,840

7,530

906,280

754,780

8,338,840

63,500

307,540

26,310

385,550

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2005 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2004-05 season. 2 Production years are 2002-03, 2003-04, and 2004-05. 3 2004 not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 26 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 27 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 28 NASS, USDA

April Weather Summary

April dryness reduced topsoil moisture reserves on the southern Plains, increasing stress on winter wheat and

emerging summer crops. Dryness also intensified in parts of the north-central United States, including North

Dakota, though spring wheat was just beginning to emerge and corn planting was just getting underway. In

contrast, occasional rain and snow showers on the northern High Plains maintained generally favorable

conditions for winter wheat and spring-sown small grains, although many pastures and ranges continued to

reflect the effects of long-term drought. Northwestern small grains also benefited from a short-term wet spell,

which began in mid-March, in spite of dismal water-supply prospects for the remainder of the growing

season. Farther south, cool weather and sporadic showers in California slowed summer crop planting and

emergence (of rice and cotton, for example). Elsewhere west of the Rockies, much of the Southwest

continued to experience drought relief or eradication, but braced for potential spring snow-melt flooding. 

Meanwhile, drier-than-normal weather in much of the Midwest favored spring fieldwork, including corn and

initial soybean planting. Short-term dryness was a concern, however, across the northern Corn Belt in areas

east of the Mississippi River. The East experienced variable conditions, ranging from slightly drier than

normal in parts of the Mid-Atlantic region to excessively wet in the eastern Gulf Coast region and northern

New England.

For the first 3 weeks of April, warm weather across the Plains and Midwest promoted winter wheat growth

and--in southern areas--summer crop emergence and establishment. Toward month’s end, however, markedly

cooler air overspread the nation’s mid-section, slowing or halting crop development. In addition, late-April

and early-May freezes struck jointing- to heading-stage winter wheat from South Dakota southward into

extreme northern and western Oklahoma, leaving producers to evaluate possible damage to the more

advanced portion of the crop. In the Midwest, freezes threatened the small portion of the corn crop that had

emerged as far south as Iowa and northern portions of Illinois and Indiana. Monthly temperatures generally

ranged from 1 to 7 degrees F above normal across the northern and central Plains and the Midwest, but

averaged as much as 5 degrees F below normal in California and the southern Atlantic region.

April Crop Summary

Temperatures averaged above normal through most of the month, but turned cooler in the final week. 

Freezing temperatures in the northern and central Great Plains and Corn Belt toward month’s end caused only

minimal damage to jointing and heading winter wheat and emerging corn. Conditions were mostly dry in the

Great Plains and Corn Belt, allowing rapid planting progress. Brief periods of heavy precipitation did not

seriously hamper planting. However, lack of soil moisture had become a problem in some areas of the

northern and southern Great Plains. In contrast, heavy rainfall severely delayed cotton planting in the

Southeast. Though rainfall caused some fieldwork delays in the Mississippi Delta, growers quickly recovered

to finish the month ahead of their normal planting pace for most crops. After an extremely dry winter in the

Pacific Northwest, frequent storms during April helped to restore soil moisture to adequate levels but

hindered planting. Heavy rainfall in California kept many fields saturated and hampered fieldwork through

mid-month. Planting accelerated toward month’s end as drier conditions prevailed but remained well behind

normal.

By mid-month, corn planting had begun in all States, with the exception of the northern Great Plains and

northern Corn Belt. Encouraged by mostly dry conditions in the Corn Belt and Great Plains, growers planted

rapidly through month’s end, reaching 52 percent complete by May 1, seven percentage points behind last

year but 7 points ahead of normal. Seeding was most advanced in Illinois and North Carolina, at 82 percent,

while Colorado, North Dakota, and South Dakota producers had planted less than one-fourth of their acreage. 

Planting progress was ahead of normal across most of the Corn Belt and Ohio Valley, exceeding the normal

pace by 1 week in Illinois and Ohio.

On April 3, sorghum planting had begun only in the Mississippi Delta and southern Great Plains. Growers in

the Delta advanced rapidly through the month, but progress was much slower elsewhere. On May 1, eighteen

percent of the acreage had been planted nationwide, 1 point behind last year and the 5-year average. By

month’s end, planting had begun in all States, except Nebraska and New Mexico, and had progressed the

most in the Arkansas, at 61 percent, and Louisiana, at 58 percent. In the 2 largest producing States, Kansas

producers had planted 3 percent of their acreage, 2 points behind normal, and Texas growers were 48 percent

complete, even with their 5-year average.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 29 NASS, USDA

The Nation’s oat growers were planting their crop at a faster-than-normal pace during April. On April 10,

forty-three percent of the acreage had been planted, the same as last year but 6 points ahead of normal. By

month’s end, planting had advanced to 79 percent complete, 10 points ahead of normal but slightly behind

last year’s pace. Planting was nearly complete in Iowa and over 85 percent complete in most other States,

with the exception of the northernmost States of Minnesota, North Dakota, and Wisconsin. Texas’s crop is

planted in the fall and was therefore 100 percent planted by the time progress estimates were first released. 

The crop also emerged ahead of the normal pace, reaching 51 percent emergence by May 1, five points ahead

of normal. At that time, only Minnesota, Ohio, and Pennsylvania trailed their normal pace for emergence.

Barley seeding was 11 percent complete on April 10, ten points behind last year but the same as the 5-year

average. Planting steadily advanced through the remainder of the month, reaching 52 percent complete on

May 1, still 10 points behind last year but 8 points ahead of normal. North Dakota growers, encouraged by

warm, dry conditions, had planted 44 percent of their acreage by month’s end, over 1 week ahead of their

normal pace. Meanwhile, Minnesota producers were delayed by low soil temperatures and trailed their

normal planting pace throughout the month.

Winter wheat heading progressed at a near-normal pace during April. By month’s end, 30 percent of the crop

was at or beyond the heading stage, 6 points behind last year and 1 point behind normal. At that time,

heading was nearly complete in California and 80 percent or more complete in Arkansas and Oklahoma. 

Only in the northern half of the Great Plains, the northern Rocky Mountains, and the Ohio Valley had heading

not begun. Toward month’s end, freezing temperatures threatened jointing and heading winter wheat in the

northern and central Great Plains, but reports of freeze damage were minimal. Nevertheless, crop condition

declined toward the end of the month as soil moisture shortages in the northern and southern Great Plains

began to take their toll.

Spring wheat seeding began ahead of normal and progressed rapidly during April. By month’s end, growers

had sown 61 percent of their acreage, 5 points behind last year but 14 points ahead of normal. On May 1,

planting progress was ahead of normal in all States and exceeded the normal pace by over 1 week in North

Dakota, South Dakota, and Washington. Even in Minnesota, where producers delayed planting due to cold

soils, progress accelerated toward month’s end and finished the month slightly ahead of normal.

Rice planting started slowly due to wet conditions across most growing areas. On April 3, just 5 percent of

the acreage had been planted, 9 points behind last year and 7 points behind normal. By mid-month, progress

was behind normal in all States and 12 points behind normal nationwide. However, by month’s end, dry

conditions prevailed in most areas allowing planting to accelerate. On May 1, the crop was 65 percent

planted, 4 points behind last year but the same as the 5-year average. Though California and Louisiana

growers were 1 week behind their normal planting pace, progress was over 1 week ahead of normal in

Mississippi and slightly ahead of normal in Arkansas and Texas. Meanwhile, emergence had begun in all

States, except California, but trailed the normal pace everywhere but in Mississippi.

Soybean growers had planted 8 percent of their acreage by May 1, three points behind last year and 1 point

behind normal. Planting had begun in all States, except North Dakota, but was most advanced in Mississippi,

at 63 percent, Louisiana, at 37 percent, and Arkansas, at 25 percent. Outside of the Delta, only Indiana and

Ohio growers had planted more than 8 percent of their acreage. Though favorable planting conditions

prevailed across the Corn Belt, producers focused on planting their corn crop.

Peanut planting began behind the normal pace, hampered by soggy conditions in the Southeast. On May 1,

growers in all States had begun seeding their crop, but trailed the normal pace everywhere except the southern

Great Plains. Planting had progressed the most in Oklahoma, reaching 16 percent complete, but was limited

to 8 percent or less elsewhere.

Planting of the Nation’s cotton crop was slightly behind the normal pace. By month’s end, 27 percent of the

crop had been planted, 3 points behind last year and 1 point behind normal. Persistent rainfall in the

Southeast severely hindered fieldwork, holding progress 1 week behind normal in Georgia. However, in the

Delta and in Texas, where drier conditions prevailed, planting progress exceeded the normal pace. Oklahoma

producers were waiting for rainfall to moisten the soil enough for planting and fell 2 weeks behind their

normal pace. In California, rainy weather early in the month hampered planting and, though dry weather

prevailed in the latter half of April, progress remained 1 week behind normal throughout the month. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 30 NASS, USDA

Sugarbeet growers began slightly behind their normal planting pace but rapidly accelerated after mid-month

to finish over 1 week ahead of normal. Planting progressed rapidly in Idaho and Michigan early in the month,

while Red River Valley growers were hindered by low soil temperatures. After mid-month, however, planting

accelerated in Minnesota and North Dakota and surged well ahead of normal as soils warmed and dry

conditions favored fieldwork. By month’s end, planting was at least 1 week ahead of the normal pace in all

States, except North Dakota.

Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.59 billion bushels, up 6 percent from 2004. Based on May 1

conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 45.4 bushels per acre, 1.9 bushels more than last year. Grain area

totals 35.1 million acres, up 2 percent from last season. The portion of the winter wheat crop rated good to

excellent on May 1, at 63 percent, was 15 percentage points higher than last year.

The Texas crop condition has improved in the Panhandle since March. In Oklahoma, fall conditions were

very wet but spring precipitation levels have been below normal. As of May 1, wheat jointing progress in

Kansas was ahead of normal; however, heading progress was behind the 5-year average. In Colorado,

growing conditions have been favorable this spring resulting in good to excellent stands in most growing

areas. Crop condition in Nebraska was rated well above last year. In Montana, much needed moisture was

received in April allowing the crop to get off to a good start.

Excessively wet conditions last fall resulted in dramatically reduced acreage across much of the Soft Red

growing region. Wet weather continued through the winter in Arkansas, southern Missouri, and southern

Illinois, hampering the crop. Producers in the eastern Corn Belt are expecting improved yields from last year,

with no major problems reported. Conditions in Georgia are greatly improved over last year and growers

there expect record high yields.

Idaho growers are anticipating very good yields, where the majority of the crop is rated in good to excellent

condition. In Oregon, most of the winter wheat growing areas have been extremely dry. Despite recent

showers, soil moisture levels remain a major concern in Washington.

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 16.6 million

bushels. This is down 11 percent from their 2004 total of 18.6 million. Lower acreage more than offset

higher expected yields in both States. Very few disease or insect problems have been reported.

Hay Stocks on Farms: All hay stored on farms May 1, 2005 totaled 27.7 million tons, up 7 percent from the

previous year. Disappearance of hay from December 1, 2004 - May 1, 2005, totaled 86.6 million tons,

2 percent greater than the disappearance of 85.1 million tons for the same period a year earlier. 

Twenty-six of the 48 reporting States had higher hay stocks than a year ago. Many of the States reporting an

increase in stocks were located in the northern Great Plains and the central Corn Belt. The increase in hay

stocks from May 2004 in some areas can be attributed to higher hay production during 2004, mild winter

conditions, and sufficient early season pasture growth, reducing the need for supplemental feeding.

Stocks declined in the western and southeastern States. In Washington, lack of winter precipitation and

minimal spring pasture growth depleted hay stocks. In California, a decrease in 2004 hay production,

combined with strong consumption by dairies, reduced hay stocks by 30 percent from the previous year. In

the Southeast, hay stocks are down due to lower 2004 hay production in most areas with some areas reporting

poor quality as a result of wet weather during harvest.

Almonds: The 2005 California almond crop is forecast at 850 million pounds, shelled basis, down

16 percent from the revised 2004 crop. Bearing acreage, at 550,000, is unchanged from the previous crop

year. The average yield is forecast at 1,550 pounds per acre, down 290 pounds from last year’s revised yield. 

Widespread rain during the almond bloom is reported to have caused many orchards to display early petal fall

as well as inhibited bee pollination activity. The Nonpareil variety is reported to have had a particularly weak

bloom this year. Cooler than average temperatures so far this growing season have delayed kernel hardening

but sizes are reported to be good. There are some reports of Phytophthora root rot.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya utilization is estimated at 2.50 million pounds for April, 8 percent higher than

last month but 5 percent less than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 2,505 acres, up 1 percent from last month
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 31 NASS, USDA

and 19 percent higher than a year ago. Harvested area totaled 1,440 acres, virtually unchanged from last

month but 24 percent higher than April 2004. The weather conditions were mostly favorable during April

with a mix of light rainfall and sunny periods.

Hawaii's revised 2004 total papaya utilization is estimated at 35.8 million pounds, 16 percent below the final

2003 utilized production. This is the lowest papaya utilization since 1973. Harvested acres decreased

21 percent from the previous season. Weather conditions were drier than normal early in the growing season

followed by a very wet March, adversely affecting flowering and lowering production in September. March’s

wet conditions increased the incidence of papaya crop disease for much of the growing season. The

unfavorable weather conditions, combined with fewer harvested acres, contributed to lower production in

2004.

California Peaches: The California 2005 peach crop is forecast at 920,000 tons, down 3 percent from both

last year and the 2003 crop. 

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 410,000 tons, unchanged from the previous year but 1 percent

below 2003. California orchards experienced an adequate number of chilling hours, which benefitted the

Freestone peach crop. Bloom was delayed slightly due to cool weather, but these temperatures allowed the

fruit to size better than last year’s crop. Harvest began in the Arvin area around the middle of April for the

Early Treat variety. It is expected that the early variety harvest dates will remain consistent with last year and

the middle and late season variety harvest will be slightly delayed due to April’s cool temperatures. Quality is

reported to be very good.

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 510,000 tons, down 5 percent from both last year and the 2003

crop. The State experienced ideal weather conditions during the bloom period. Full bloom was about a week

ahead of last season, but harvest is expected to be a little behind schedule from the 2004 crop due to cooler

than average temperatures during April. Set is expected to be lighter than a year ago, but better sizes are

anticipated as a result of the lighter set.

Guavas: Guava utilized production in Hawaii for 2004 is estimated at 8.10 million pounds, up 21 percent

from 2003. Harvested area totaled 500 acres compared to 530 acres a year ago. Yield (based on utilized

production) averaged 16,200 pounds per acre, up 3,600 pounds from the previous year. Weather was mixed,

with sunny and dry days early in the year, followed by a wet summer.

Taro: Hawaii taro production for crop year 2004 is estimated at 5.20 million pounds, up 4 percent from

2003's record low of 5.00 million pounds. Area harvested, at 370 acres, is down 50 acres from 2003. 

Adverse weather affected taro production during the 2004 crop year. Heavy rainfall caused occasional

flooding and contributed to wet conditions responsible for an increase in the incidence of fungal diseases such

as Phytophthora Leaf Blight and Taro Pocket Rot. However, losses from these diseases varied by location

and appeared not to be as widespread as in previous years. Apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) continued to

plague taro in varying degrees.

Grapefruit: The U.S. grapefruit forecast is 999,000 tons, unchanged from the previous forecast but

54 percent below last season's final utilization. Florida's grapefruit forecast, at 13.0 million boxes

(553,000 tons), is unchanged from April but 68 percent below last season's final utilization. If realized, this

will be the lowest grapefruit utilization since the 1935-36 season. The white grapefruit forecast is

3.50 million boxes (149,000 tons), unchanged from April but 78 percent below last season. The colored

grapefruit forecast, at 9.50 million boxes (404,000 tons), is unchanged from April 1 but 62 percent below last

season's final utilization. Results of the row count survey conducted on April 27-28, in conjunction with

utilization through that time, are the primary indicators for the May grapefruit forecast. The row count survey

indicates 90 percent of all grapefruit rows have been harvested. Arizona, California, and Texas forecasts are

carried forward from April.

Tangerines: The 2004-05 U.S. tangerine crop forecast is 339,000 tons, unchanged from the previous

forecast but 22 percent below last season's final utilization of 435,000 tons. Florida's tangerine crop, at

4.45 million boxes (211,000 tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 32 percent below last season's

utilization of 6.50 million boxes. Harvest of the early Fallglo and Sunburst varieties is complete. The row
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 32 NASS, USDA

count survey indicates 79 percent of the Honey tangerine rows are harvested. Arizona and California

tangerine forecasts are carried forward from April.

Tangelos: Florida’s 2004-05 tangelo forecast is final at 1.55 million boxes (70,000 tons), unchanged from

April but 55 percent more than last season’s utilized production. Tangelos harvest is virtually complete with

row count indicating 90 percent of the rows harvested, 15 percentage points more than last season for the

same time period.

Temples: Florida’s Temple forecast is 650,000 boxes (29,000 tons) for the 2004-05 season, unchanged from

last month but 54 percent below last season’s final utilization of 1.40 million boxes. Temple harvest is

complete. The row count survey indicates 78 percent of the rows have been harvested, 12 percentage points

less than last season for the same time period. If attained, this year’s crop will be the smallest since the

1953-54 season, when Temple estimates began.

Florida Citrus: Florida’s weather in the citrus areas during April, was mostly warm and dry with some

windy days during the third week. Daytime highs reached the mid 80s in all areas. Rain was limited and

sporadic. Citrus trees in all areas, where growers have been consistent in irrigating and fertilizing, are

showing new growth. New foliage is beginning to harden in well kept groves. Some of the new pea size fruit

is dropping as the trees are adjusting to the fruit set they can carry for the next crop year. 

Early-midseason orange harvest is over, while Valencia orange harvest is close to the halfway point. Between

five and six million boxes of Valencia oranges per week are being utilized for fresh and processed use. 

Grapefruit harvest peaked during the first week of the month. The majority of the white variety grapefruit is

going to processing, while almost equal amounts of colored grapefruit are going to fresh and processing. 

Temple and tangelo harvest is complete for the season. Honey tangerine harvest is slowing with the majority

being picked primarily for the fresh market.

California Citrus: Citrus groves were sprayed for worms and pre-emergent herbicides were applied for

weed control. Growers also topped and hedged their groves. Harvest of navel and Valencia oranges,

tangelos, and lemons continued with good yields and quality reported. Pummelo, MeloGold, and OroBlanco

variety grapefruit were picked and packed. Rio Red variety grapefruit harvest was active in the Coachella

Valley.

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Grape, tree fruit, and nut growers began their seasonal cycle of

irrigation and cultivation during April. Fruit thinning and weed control activities were underway in most tree

fruit orchards. Growers continued to apply fungicides for mildew and fungus control in vineyards. Small

berry clusters were developing in grape vineyards. Wet spring weather has slowed the maturity of early

variety apricots and nectarines. The prune crop in northern areas of the State was reported to be spotty but

appeared better than the previous year. Also, hail damage occurred to prunes in some northern California

orchards. Harvest of early variety cherries began. Rain damage to the cherry crop was reported in Tulare and

San Joaquin counties. Strawberry harvesting was underway in the San Joaquin Valley. Some growers

reported damage to their strawberry crop as a result of the wet weather. Pistachio pollination got underway at

the beginning of April and was complete in most areas by month’s end. Blight control spray continued to be

applied to walnut orchards. Almond orchards were sprayed with herbicides, and center strips were mowed. 

Avocado and olive trees were blooming.

Spring Potatoes: Spring production in 2005 is forecast at 18.1 million cwt, up 1 percent from the April

forecast but 20 percent below last year. Area for harvest is estimated at 64,400 acres, up 2 percent from the

April estimate but 11 percent below last year. The average yield is forecast at 281 cwt per acre, down 3 cwt

from last month and 33 cwt below a year ago. 

Florida production is forecast at 6.55 million cwt, down 7 percent from the April 1 forecast and 15 percent

below the 2003 production. Rains in Florida during early April delayed some digging but mild conditions

during the rest of the month allowed harvesting to stay on schedule. North Carolina’s potato crop, forecasted

at 2.66 million cwt, is up 8 percent from the April 1 forecast but 1 percent below last year. Planting was

completed behind the 5-year average but the crop is in good condition.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 33 NASS, USDA

California spring production is forecast at 5.66 million cwt, 5 percent above last month’s forecast but down

32 percent from a year ago. Market pressure prompted significant cutbacks in this year’s planted acreage. 

Spring potato harvest is underway with the crop in good condition. Production in Texas is forecast at

2.05 million cwt, up 7 percent from the April forecast but 7 percent below 2004. Producers in Texas have

had good growing condition with near perfect weather. Arizona growers expect production to be 1.18 million

cwt, up 6 percent from the April forecast but down 33 percent from 2004.

Tobacco: U.S. tobacco production for 2004 is revised down less than 1 percent from the January preliminary

estimate. Harvested acreage is down less than 1 percent, while the average yield decreased 4 pounds per acre. 

Total production, at 879 million pounds, is up 10 percent from 2003. Growers harvested 408,040 acres in

2004, down 1 percent from the previous year and the lowest since 1874.

Flue-cured production, at 519 million pounds, is revised up less than 1 percent from the January preliminary

estimate. This is 14 percent greater than 2003 when 457 million pounds were produced. Growers harvested

228,400 acres, down 2 percent from the previous year. Flue-cured yields averaged 2,272 pounds per acre, up

315 pounds from 2003. North Carolina, the leading producer of flue-cured tobacco, produced 344 million

pounds, almost two-thirds of all flue-cured production.

Burley production, which accounted for 98 percent of all light air-cured tobacco, is revised down 2 percent

from the January preliminary estimate to 292 million pounds. This is 4 percent above 2003 when 282 million

pounds were produced. Producers of burley tobacco harvested 153,150 acres in 2004, up 1 percent from the

previous year. Yields averaged 1,908 pounds per acre, 58 pounds greater than 2003. Kentucky, the leading

producer of burley tobacco, produced 207 million pounds, 71 percent of all burley grown in the United States.

Total fire-cured production is revised up 1 percent from the January preliminary estimate. Production totaled

37.2 million pounds, up 8 percent from the previous year. Growers harvested a total of 11,730 acres,

4 percent above 2003. Fire-cured yields averaged 3,167 pounds per acre up 100 pounds from the previous

year.

Dark air-cured production is revised up 2 percent from the January preliminary estimate. Production totaled

11.9 million pounds, 5 percent above the previous year. Growers harvested 4,260 acres in 2004, up 3 percent

from 2003. Yields averaged 2,799 pounds per acre, up 73 pounds from the previous year. Kentucky, the

leading producer of dark air-cured tobacco, produced 10.3 million pounds in 2004, accounting for 87 percent

of the dark air-cured tobacco grown in the United States.

Production of cigar tobacco, which includes filler, binder, and wrapper, is revised down 2 percent from the

January preliminary estimate to a total of 13.3 million pounds for 2004. This is 6 percent below the 2003

production. Growers harvested 7,200 acres in 2004, down 6 percent from the previous year. Average yields

were 1,850 pounds per acre, unchanged from 2003.

Cotton: All cotton production is estimated at 23.3 million 480-pound bales, 27 percent above the

2003 production level. The U.S. all cotton yield averaged 855 pounds per harvested acre, up 125 pounds per

acre from a year ago. The 2004 yield and production are both record highs. Upland cotton production is

estimated at 22.5 million 480-pound bales, 26 percent more than last year’s production. This is the largest

production in history, surpassing the 2001 record of 19.6 million 480-pound bales. The U.S. yield for upland

cotton is a record high 843 pounds per acre, up 120 pounds more than 2003. American-Pima production

totaled 745,600 bales, up 72 percent from 2003 due to a 40 percent increase in harvested area and a

273 pound higher yield per acre. American-Pima yield and production are both record highs.

The area planted to all cotton totaled 13.7 million acres, up 1 percent from 2003. Harvested area increased

9 percent from the previous year to 13.1 million acres. Data from the 7 Objective Yield States showed above

average boll counts, higher weights than any of the previous six seasons, and above average harvest loss. 

Alabama and Georgia experienced drought conditions early in the 2004 growing season. However, by

mid-June, all of the Southeastern States were ahead of their normal planting pace. Consequently, crop

development was ahead of normal pace through July. During the months of August and September, six

Hurricanes (Alex, Charley, Frances, Gaston, Ivan, and Jeanne) crossed over different regions of the Southeast. 

No major damage was reported in the northeastern areas, while the other regions encountered plants that were
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 34 NASS, USDA

blown over and twisted and cotton that was knocked out of the bolls. The damage to the crop was not as

severe as originally forecast. Late September and early October temperatures were above normal allowing the

crop to mature and growers to make significant harvest progress. Objective yield data for Georgia showed the

highest average boll counts in the 7-year data series and above average boll weights. North Carolina boll

counts remained above average, while the average boll weights were higher than the previous 6 years.

Producers in the majority of the Delta States planted their crop on time despite scattered showers disrupting

fieldwork activities. Louisiana overcame persistent rainfall during the peak planting season. Below normal

temperatures delayed development during the growing season. Harvest was behind the normal pace due to a

late growing season compounded by showers saturating fields. Objective yield boll counts and average boll

weights in Mississippi were above average. Louisiana’s boll counts and weight per boll were slightly above

average. Boll counts in Arkansas were slightly above the 15-year average but boll weights were higher than

any of the previous 15 years. 

Texas growers began the planting season at an above average pace. Rains during the end of June benefitted

dryland cotton in the Panhandle and the moisture allowed producers to proceed with planting. Late-planted

acres received beneficial rainfall during the month of August. Showers and below normal temperatures

switched from being beneficial early in the growing season to delaying progress and maturation later in the

season. Growers were concerned that the delayed cotton crop would be unable to finish boll setting, while

muddy conditions hindered equipment from entering fields. During the month of December, fields dried

allowing growers to make significant progress harvesting their crop. Harvest was near completion by the end

of January. Objective yield measurements showed the Texas boll counts and average boll weights as the

highest in the 15-year data series. 

Some Arizona and California upland cotton growers began planting during early-spring, due to above normal

temperatures. Despite the favorable weather, some growers delayed planting and waited for more traditional

planting dates due to erratic spring weather in the prior years. This resulted in variable cotton growth and

development. The continued warm weather conditions in June and July promoted crop development ahead of

the 5-year average. In the San Joaquin Valley, harvest started the last week of September. However, rain

arrived in mid-October and delayed harvest for many growers. By the end of December, harvest was virtually

complete except in Arizona where it was delayed by frequent scattered showers. Data from objective yield

measurements showed California boll counts were the second highest in the last 15 years, surpassed only by

2002. Boll weights were below the 15-year average, but the highest since 1998.

California began planting American-Pima cotton earlier than normal due to unusually warm weather during

the first two weeks of March. Weather conditions remained favorable throughout most of the growing season,

promoting rapid growth and development. However, rain delayed harvest in mid-October. By the end of

December, harvest was virtually complete.

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2004 totaled a record high 8.24 million tons, up 24 percent from

2003. Sales to oil mills accounted for 55 percent of the disposition. The remaining 45 percent will be used

for seed, feed, exports, and various other uses.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 35 NASS, USDA

Reliability of May 1 Crop Production Forecast

Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 22 and

May 6 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The Objective Yield Survey was conducted in three

States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful

counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to

randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot

depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged

heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data

from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a

net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and

weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year

harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 14,500 producers representing all major production

areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter

wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the

growing season to provide indications of average yields.

Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in Florida,

which produces about 79 percent of the U.S. production. In July and August, the number of bearing trees and the

number of fruit per tree were determined. In subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage

surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct

grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis, in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts

objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges. 

Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were

reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed

considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State

Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The

ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.

Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for

errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida State Statistical Office submits its

analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data

and their analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecast. Reports from growers and packers in Arizona,

California, and Texas were also used for setting estimates. The May 1 orange production forecasts for these three

States are carried forward from April. 

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each

month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the

wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings,

feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative

data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in September’s Citrus Fruits Summary. 

The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including

information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local

utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the May 1

production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the

squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes

statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences

in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's

forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 7.0 percent. This means that

chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more

than 7.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed

12.1 percent. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 36 NASS, USDA

past 20 years have averaged 89 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 285 million bushels. The May 1

forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the May 1 winter

wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 2.6 percent. This means that chances

are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more

than 2.6 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed

4.4 percent. Differences between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimate, during the past 20 years have

averaged 166,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 714,000 tons. The May 1 forecast for oranges has been below

the final estimate 6 times and above 14 times. The difference does not imply that the May 1 forecast this year is

likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2005 37 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to

contact for additional information.

Joe Prusacki, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Greg Thessen, Head (202) 720-2127

Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Darin Jantzi - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed (202) 720-9526

Troy Joshua - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Dennis Koong - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688

Jason Lamprecht - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Travis Thorson - Hay, Oats, Sorghum (202) 690-3234

Brian Young - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops (202) 720-7621

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127

Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Debbie Flippin - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, 

 Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears,

 Wrinkled Seed Peas (202) 720-3250

Jorge Garcia-Pratts - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Rich Holcomb - Floriculture, Nursery, Nuts (202) 720-4215

Terry O’Connor - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries,

 Plums, Prunes (202) 720-4288

Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940

Cathy Scherrer - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

 Strawberries (202) 720-2157
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