Cr Pr 2-2 (9-00)

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released September 12, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S.

Department of Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Corn Production Unchanged from August

Soybean Production Down 3 Percent

Corn production is forecast at 10.4 billion bushels, unchanged from the last forecast, but up 10 percent from

1999. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 141.8 bushels per acre, down

0.1 bushel per acre from August, but up 8.0 bushels from a year ago. If realized, this would be the largest

production and yield on record. Acreage for grain harvest is estimated at 73.1 million acres, unchanged

from August.

Soybean production is forecast at a record high 2.90 billion bushels, down 3 percent from August 1, but

10 percent above 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 39.5 bushels per

acre, down 1.2 bushels from last month, but 3.0 bushels above 1999. Acreage for harvest is estimated at a

record 73.5 million acres, unchanged from last month, and up 1 percent from 1999.

All cotton production is forecast at 18.3 million 480-pound bales, down 4 percent from last month, but up

8 percent from 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 622 pounds per

harvested acre, down 26 pounds from last month. Condition of the cotton crop has deteriorated since last

month, especially in the Delta and Southwest regions. Continued drought and extremely high temperatures

have resulted in additional stress to the crop. Harvested acreage, at 14.1 million acres, reflects an increase

from August 1 of 30,000 acres in Arkansas and a decrease of 30,000 acres in Louisiana, 60,000 acres in

Mississippi, and 5,000 acres in California.

All wheat production is placed at 2.30 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the August forecast but down

fractionally from 1999. The U.S. yield is forecast at 42.3 bushels per acre. This is up 0.7 bushels from last

month.

- Special Notes -

Content Change: This release contains rice acreage, yield, and production revisions for 1998 and 1999. In

addition, updates were made to the current year’s rice acreage estimates.

October Acreage Update Survey: The October Crop Report will include results from a special harvested

acreage update survey which is being incorporated into the October Agricultural Yield Survey for selected

States and commodities. States to be included in the special acreage update survey are Alabama, Arkansas,

Colorado, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and

Texas. Commodities to be included are corn for grain, upland cotton, soybeans, and sorghum for grain.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 2 NASS, USDA

Other spring wheat production is forecast at 590 million bushels, up 7 percent from last month and

17 percent from last season. The final forecast of U.S. average yield is 39.2 bushels per acre. This is

2.4 bushels per acre higher than a month ago. There were no acreage changes. Hard Red Spring production

is up 7 percent from August, at 535 million bushels, while White Spring production is virtually unchanged

from last month.

Durum wheat production is forecast at 118 million bushels, up 2 percent from last month and 19 percent

more than 1999. The U.S. yield is now forecast at 29.6 bushels per acre, up 0.7 bushels from August 1. 

Area for harvest is unchanged from last month.

California Navel orange production for 2000-01 is forecast at 34.0 million boxes, down 15 percent from

last season’s utilized production of 40.0 million boxes. This initial forecast of the 2000-01 season is based

on an objective measurement survey conducted in the California Central Valley. Fruit set is down

significantly from last year and the lowest of any of the previous 13 non-freeze seasons. However, fruit size

is above average. The crop is maturing well with harvest expected to start in Kern County by mid-October.

This report was approved on September 12, 2000.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Keith J. Collins

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Frederic A. Vogel
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

August Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Corn for Grain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Corn Plant Populations Per Acre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Crop Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Fruits and Nuts Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Olives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Oranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Peanuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Reliability of Production Data in this Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Rice, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Sorghum for Grain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Soybeans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Spring Wheat Head Populations per Square Foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Other Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 4 NASS, USDA

Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MD

MI

MN

MS

MO

NE

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WI

Oth

 Sts 1

US

200

100

205

1,120

154

300

10,650

5,670

11,800

2,980

1,180

330

360

1,950

6,600

310

2,550

8,300

60

83

590

640

655

3,200

310

880

275

3,250

570

1,770

280

100

2,850

265

70,537

160

185

235

1,230

154

340

11,050

5,550

12,000

3,250

1,310

340

400

1,950

6,600

380

2,850

8,050

75

75

530

660

950

3,300

290

1,050

280

3,950

590

1,850

300

95

2,750

280

73,059

103.0

130.0

165.0

142.0

89.0

103.0

140.0

132.0

149.0

141.0

105.0

121.0

93.0

130.0

150.0

117.0

97.0

139.0

37.0

180.0

101.0

80.0

117.0

126.0

145.0

70.0

70.0

113.0

102.0

129.0

78.0

180.0

143.0

134.4

133.8

65.0

125.0

170.0

135.0

155.0

100.0

158.0

155.0

155.0

143.0

115.0

110.0

150.0

128.0

154.0

103.0

139.0

136.0

128.0

180.0

110.0

100.0

115.0

142.0

135.0

127.0

65.0

100.0

108.0

135.0

130.0

190.0

137.0

138.3

141.9

70.0

120.0

170.0

135.0

160.0

100.0

158.0

155.0

155.0

133.0

127.0

108.0

155.0

131.0

156.0

103.0

139.0

128.0

128.0

180.0

106.0

110.0

116.0

145.0

135.0

129.0

70.0

108.0

108.0

132.0

135.0

185.0

140.0

134.7

141.8

20,600

13,000

33,825

159,040

13,706

30,900

1,491,000

748,440

1,758,200

420,180

123,900

39,930

33,480

253,500

990,000

36,270

247,350

1,153,700

2,220

14,940

59,590

51,200

76,635

403,200

44,950

61,600

19,250

367,250

58,140

228,330

21,840

18,000

407,550

35,621

9,437,337

11,200

22,200

39,950

166,050

24,640

34,000

1,745,900

860,250

1,860,000

432,250

166,370

36,720

62,000

255,450

1,029,600

39,140

396,150

1,030,400

9,600

13,500

56,180

72,600

110,200

478,500

39,150

135,450

19,600

426,600

63,720

244,200

40,500

17,575

385,000

37,729

10,362,374 1 Other States include AZ, FL, ID, MT, OR, UT, WV, and WY.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 5 NASS, USDA

Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CO

IL

KS

LA

MO

NE

NM

OK

SD

TX

Oth

 Sts 1 2

US

125

205

97

3,400

235

310

470

135

400

80

2,950

137

8,544

140

200

85

3,200

205

270

470

140

410

100

2,900

195

8,315

78.0

42.0

95.0

76.0

82.0

71.0

91.0

55.0

45.0

58.0

63.0

67.3

69.7

75.0

38.0

93.0

76.0

80.0

97.0

78.0

40.0

52.0

49.0

63.0

76.2

69.5

70.0

36.0

104.0

60.0

80.0

95.0

70.0

30.0

49.0

46.0

62.0

74.6

62.1

9,750

8,610

9,215

258,400

19,270

22,010

42,770

7,425

18,000

4,640

185,850

9,226

595,166

9,800

7,200

8,840

192,000

16,400

25,650

32,900

4,200

20,090

4,600

179,800

14,548

516,028 1 For 1999, Other States include AL, GA, KY, MS, NC, SC, and TN. 2 For 2000, Other States include AZ, AL, CA, DE, GA, KY, MD, MS, NC, PA, SC, TN, and VA.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 6 NASS, USDA

Barley: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

CO

DE

ID

MD

MN

MT

ND

OK 1

OR

PA

SC 1

SD

TX 1

UT

VA

WA

WY

Oth

 Sts 2 3

US

62

125

86

26

690

50

180

1,150

1,240

3

135

70

2

74

10

83

60

490

85

137

4,758

36

95

95

27

730

50

250

1,050

1,680

140

70

105

85

65

490

100

167

5,235

114.0

64.0

105.0

84.0

78.0

80.0

47.0

50.0

48.0

39.0

51.0

71.0

60.0

48.0

35.0

82.0

82.0

59.0

86.0

60.8

59.2

110.0

65.0

108.0

81.0

76.0

84.0

56.0

42.0

52.0

55.0

72.0

51.0

75.0

88.0

65.0

83.0

59.6

58.8

110.0

65.0

104.0

81.0

76.0

84.0

58.0

42.0

52.0

60.0

72.0

53.0

75.0

88.0

67.0

82.0

59.6

59.2

7,068

8,000

9,030

2,184

53,820

4,000

8,460

57,500

59,520

117

6,885

4,970

120

3,552

350

6,806

4,920

28,910

7,310

8,331

281,853

3,960

6,175

9,880

2,187

55,480

4,200

14,500

44,100

87,360

8,400

5,040

5,565

6,375

5,720

32,830

8,200

9,958

309,930 1 Estimates discontinued in 2000. 2 For 1999, Other States include KS, KY, MI, NE, NV, NJ, NC, and WI. 3 For 2000, Other States include KS, KY, ME, MI, NE, NV, NJ, NY, NC, OH, and WI.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 7 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 1

US

75

85

350

3,000

59

3,569

85

97

540

3,250

14

3,986

97.0

105.0

27.0

24.0

28.3

27.8

95.0

95.0

30.0

25.0

29.4

28.9

95.0

95.0

29.0

26.0

29.4

29.6

7,275

8,925

9,450

72,000

1,672

99,322

8,075

9,215

15,660

84,500

412

117,862 1 Other States include MN and SD. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary".

Other Spring Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

ID

MN

MT

ND

OR

SD

WA

Oth

 Sts 1

US

640

1,950

4,000

5,600

153

1,710

620

95

14,768

570

2,100

3,050

6,800

125

1,700

620

93

15,058

79.0

40.0

27.0

30.0

33.0

35.0

44.0

67.3

34.1

78.0

42.0

28.0

34.0

56.0

36.0

49.0

63.2

36.8

78.0

47.0

27.0

38.0

56.0

37.0

49.0

63.2

39.2

50,560

78,000

108,000

168,000

5,049

59,850

27,280

6,393

503,132

44,460

98,700

82,350

258,400

7,000

62,900

30,380

5,879

590,069 1 Other States include CO, NV, UT, WI, and WY. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary".

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1998-99

and Forecast September 1, 2000 1

Year

Winter Spring

Hard Total

Red

Soft

Red White HardRed White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

1998

1999

2000

1,179,452

1,054,996

883,485

442,677

453,421

471,255

258,604

191,572

239,581

486,370

447,931

534,933

42,099

55,201

55,136

138,119

99,322

117,862

2,547,321

2,302,443

2,302,252 1 Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the

previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Washington Wheat Variety Survey indicates winter wheat

is 91 percent White.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 8 NASS, USDA

Rice: Area Planted and Harvested by Class, State, and

United States, 1998-1999 1

 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

Class

and

State

Area Planted Area Harvested

1998 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

Long Grain

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

AR

CA

LA

MS

MO

TX

US

1,293.0

9.0

595.0

270.0

142.0

280.0

2,589.0

1,378.0

5.0

585.0

325.0

184.0

254.0

2,731.0

1,142.0

5.0

480.0

220.0

178.0

235.0

2,260.0

1,283.0

9.0

590.0

268.0

140.0

278.0

2,568.0

1,374.0

5.0

581.0

323.0

182.0

253.0

2,718.0

1,134.0

5.0

475.0

218.0

173.0

234.0

2,239.0

Medium Grain

AR

CA

LA

MO

TX

US

205.0

420.0

30.0

3.0

5.0

663.0

250.0

455.0

35.0

2.0

6.0

748.0

275.0

515.0

20.0

2.0

5.0

817.0

200.0

418.0

30.0

3.0

5.0

656.0

249.0

450.0

35.0

2.0

6.0

742.0

273.0

513.0

20.0

2.0

5.0

813.0

Short Grain

AR

CA

US

2.0

31.0

33.0

2.0

50.0

52.0

3.0

30.0

33.0

2.0

31.0

33.0

2.0

50.0

52.0

3.0

30.0

33.0

All

AR

CA

LA

MS

MO

TX

US

1,500.0

460.0

625.0

270.0

145.0

285.0

3,285.0

1,630.0

510.0

620.0

325.0

186.0

260.0

3,531.0

1,420.0

550.0

500.0

220.0

180.0

240.0

3,110.0

1,485.0

458.0

620.0

268.0

143.0

283.0

3,257.0

1,625.0

505.0

616.0

323.0

184.0

259.0

3,512.0

1,410.0

548.0

495.0

218.0

175.0

239.0

3,085.0 1 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 9 NASS, USDA

Rice: Yield and Production by Class, State, and

United States, 1998-1999 1

 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

Class

and

State

Yield Production

1998 1999 2000 2 1998 1999 2000 2

Long Grain

Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AR

CA

LA

MS

MO

TX

US

5,740

5,970

4,530

5,800

5,200

5,610

5,426

5,780

6,800

5,000

5,650

5,400

5,920

5,587

73,644

537

26,727

15,544

7,280

15,596

139,328

79,417

340

29,050

18,250

9,828

14,978

151,863 130,121

Medium Grain

AR

CA

LA

MO

TX

US

6,200

6,990

4,600

5,200

5,000

6,616

6,230

7,300

5,070

5,400

4,900

6,811

12,400

29,218

1,380

156

250

43,404

15,513

32,850

1,775

108

294

50,540 59,104

Short Grain

AR

CA

US

4,000

5,260

5,185

6,200

7,000

6,969

80

1,631

1,711

124

3,500

3,624 2,418

All

AR

CA

LA

MS

MO

TX

US

5,800

6,850

4,530

5,800

5,200

5,600

5,663

5,850

7,270

5,000

5,650

5,400

5,900

5,866

6,100

7,900

4,900

5,900

5,400

6,600

6,212

86,124

31,386

28,107

15,544

7,436

15,846

184,443

95,054

36,690

30,825

18,250

9,936

15,272

206,027

86,010

43,292

24,255

12,862

9,450

15,774

191,643 1 Revised. 2 Indicated September 1, 2000, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as

data become available through the growing season. State estimates by class will be published in the Crop Production 2000 Summary in

January 2001.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 10 NASS, USDA

Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AR

DE

GA

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MD

MI

MN

MS

MO

NE

NJ

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WI

Oth

 Sts 1 2

US

200

3,350

201

190

10,550

5,550

10,750

2,800

1,150

990

480

1,940

6,900

1,900

5,350

4,250

98

128

1,300

1,340

4,500

360

350

450

4,070

1,190

380

440

1,300

19

72,476

170

3,400

221

180

10,250

5,660

10,550

2,850

1,080

900

490

2,190

7,100

1,650

5,100

4,650

93

165

1,330

2,070

4,390

430

395

450

4,250

1,160

360

460

1,440

40

73,474

16.0

28.0

27.0

19.0

42.0

39.0

44.5

28.0

21.0

27.0

30.0

40.0

41.0

23.5

27.5

42.5

24.0

37.0

23.0

35.0

36.0

19.0

29.0

20.0

36.0

18.0

27.0

27.0

46.0

32.0

36.5

19.0

28.0

36.0

19.0

48.0

46.0

49.0

32.0

34.0

26.0

36.0

40.0

42.0

27.0

41.0

42.0

35.0

37.0

30.0

34.0

41.0

28.0

41.0

22.0

33.0

30.0

33.0

33.0

45.0

29.2

40.7

19.0

26.0

38.0

21.0

47.0

46.0

47.0

24.0

36.0

23.0

38.0

41.0

42.0

23.0

38.0

38.0

35.0

38.0

30.0

33.0

43.0

24.0

42.0

23.0

35.0

26.0

33.0

34.0

44.0

30.2

39.5

3,200

93,800

5,427

3,610

443,100

216,450

478,375

78,400

24,150

26,730

14,400

77,600

282,900

44,650

147,125

180,625

2,352

4,736

29,900

46,900

162,000

6,840

10,150

9,000

146,520

21,420

10,260

11,880

59,800

608

2,642,908

3,230

88,400

8,398

3,780

481,750

260,360

495,850

68,400

38,880

20,700

18,620

89,790

298,200

37,950

193,800

176,700

3,255

6,270

39,900

68,310

188,770

10,320

16,590

10,350

148,750

30,160

11,880

15,640

63,360

1,208

2,899,571 1 For 1998 and 1999, Other States include FL. 2

 For 2000, Other States include FL and WV.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 11 NASS, USDA

Peanuts: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production 1

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

AL

FL

GA

NM

NC

OK

SC

TX

VA

US

206.0

94.0

544.0

22.0

124.0

79.0

11.0

280.0

76.0

1,436.0

197.0

80.0

507.0

22.0

125.0

80.0

11.5

368.0

75.0

1,465.5

2,175

2,770

2,575

2,800

2,410

2,400

2,300

3,310

2,870

2,667

1,400

2,400

2,500

2,700

2,900

2,400

2,800

3,200

3,100

2,587

1,400

2,300

2,500

2,700

3,000

2,400

2,900

3,100

3,000

2,561

448,050

260,380

1,400,800

61,600

298,840

189,600

25,300

926,800

218,120

3,829,490

275,800

184,000

1,267,500

59,400

375,000

192,000

33,350

1,140,800

225,000

3,752,850 1 Estimates comprised of quota and non-quota peanuts.

Cottonseed: Production, United States,

1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Production

1998 1999 2000 1

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

US 5,365.4 6,353.5 6,878.3

 1 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 12 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State,

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

Type

and

State

Area Harvested Yield Production 1

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

Aug 1 Sep 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Bales 2 1,000 Bales 2

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 GA

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 Oth

 Sts 3

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 GA

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 Oth

 Sts 3

 US

561.0

269.0

960.0

605.0

1,300.0

610.0

1,180.0

377.0

79.0

825.0

150.0

315.0

565.0

5,100.0

108.0

134.0

13,138.0

8.9

239.0

7.0

32.0

286.9

561.0

277.9

960.0

844.0

1,300.0

610.0

1,180.0

377.0

86.0

825.0

150.0

315.0

565.0

5,132.0

108.0

134.0

13,424.9

540.0

279.0

950.0

765.0

1,300.0

700.0

1,280.0

425.0

85.0

930.0

250.0

310.0

595.0

5,300.0

109.0

129.0

13,947.0

6.0

144.0

6.0

20.0

176.0

540.0

285.0

950.0

909.0

1,300.0

700.0

1,280.0

425.0

91.0

930.0

250.0

310.0

595.0

5,320.0

109.0

129.0

14,123.0

535

1,278

714

1,254

579

709

704

601

662

475

461

428

505

475

635

487

595

879

1,210

734

669

1,128

535

1,265

714

1,241

579

709

704

601

668

475

461

428

505

477

635

487

607

489

1,230

751

1,255

620

690

738

700

678

715

461

581

581

498

722

450

642

848

1,192

680

720

1,111

489

1,222

751

1,245

620

690

738

700

678

715

461

581

581

499

722

450

648

489

1,230

728

1,255

620

672

686

678

734

723

442

573

565

453

722

428

616

848

1,200

680

768

1,121

489

1,222

728

1,246

620

672

686

678

731

723

442

573

565

454

722

428

622

625.0

716.0

1,428.0

1,580.0

1,567.0

901.0

1,731.0

472.0

109.0

816.0

144.0

281.0

595.0

5,050.0

142.8

135.9

16,293.7

16.3

602.7

10.7

44.6

674.3

625.0

732.3

1,428.0

2,182.7

1,567.0

901.0

1,731.0

472.0

119.7

816.0

144.0

281.0

595.0

5,094.6

142.8

135.9

16,968.0

550.0

715.0

1,440.0

2,000.0

1,680.0

980.0

1,830.0

600.0

130.0

1,400.0

230.0

370.0

700.0

5,000.0

164.0

115.0

17,904.0

10.6

360.0

8.5

32.0

411.1

550.0

725.6

1,440.0

2,360.0

1,680.0

980.0

1,830.0

600.0

138.5

1,400.0

230.0

370.0

700.0

5,032.0

164.0

115.0

18,315.1 1 Production ginned and to be ginned. 2 480-Lb. net weight bales. 3 Other States include FL and KS. Individual state level forecasts will be published in the "January Crop Report".
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 13 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CT

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA

MO 1

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV 1

WI

US

3,040

5,800

33,000

6,500

221,650

6,500

1,320

2,300

207,800

9,800

6,200

39,000

63,170

38,300

1,600

1,180

647,160

1,600

4,900

30,000

3,800

137,500

6,000

550

1,400

175,800

7,500

5,100

34,000

54,190

27,400

1,500

1,000

492,240

1,799

2,640

1,940

1,800

1,843

1,400

1,763

2,015

2,161

1,740

1,802

2,000

1,941

2,320

1,350

2,388

1,997

1,359

2,450

2,200

2,100

2,113

1,550

805

2,180

2,351

1,930

2,021

2,300

2,170

2,299

1,600

2,100

2,220

4,276

17,102

90,200

17,000

443,628

9,100

1,788

5,751

551,730

17,934

15,720

92,250

111,100

95,898

2,160

4,230

1,479,867

5,470

15,312

64,020

11,700

408,492

9,100

2,327

4,635

448,980

17,052

11,170

78,000

122,601

88,855

2,160

2,818

1,292,692

2,175

12,005

66,000

7,980

290,590

9,300

443

3,052

413,310

14,475

10,305

78,200

117,592

62,980

2,400

2,100

1,092,907 1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 14 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO 1

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV 1

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

55,000

26,000

81,000

119,000

26,000

39,000

65,000

5,800

33,000

38,800

303,800

1,600

3,750

7,000

10,750

3,500

570

4,070

16,420

6,500

210,000

2,300

7,800

9,800

55,000

10,600

1,600

303,600

6,500

3,000

9,500

313,100

45,000

17,000

62,000

102,000

21,000

34,000

55,000

4,900

30,000

34,900

253,900

1,300

4,000

7,900

11,900

3,800

630

4,430

17,630

3,800

125,000

1,400

7,800

7,500

45,000

9,000

1,500

201,000

6,000

2,700

8,700

209,700

2,400

2,420

2,406

2,100

2,100

2,000

2,040

2,640

1,940

2,045

2,162

1,670

2,350

2,280

2,304

2,630

2,500

2,612

2,319

1,800

1,810

2,015

1,600

1,740

1,890

2,180

1,350

1,829

1,400

1,750

1,511

1,819

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,400

2,250

2,300

2,281

2,450

2,200

2,235

2,352

1,700

2,650

2,500

2,550

3,200

3,000

3,172

2,644

2,100

2,050

2,180

1,700

1,930

2,100

2,200

1,600

2,048

1,550

1,950

1,674

2,033

132,000

62,920

194,920

249,900

54,600

78,000

132,600

15,312

64,020

79,332

656,752

2,672

8,813

15,960

24,773

9,205

1,425

10,630

38,075

11,700

380,100

4,635

12,480

17,052

103,950

23,108

2,160

555,185

9,100

5,250

14,350

569,535

108,000

40,800

148,800

244,800

47,250

78,200

125,450

12,005

66,000

78,005

597,055

2,210

10,600

19,750

30,350

12,160

1,890

14,050

46,610

7,980

256,250

3,052

13,260

14,475

94,500

19,800

2,400

411,717

9,300

5,265

14,565

426,282

--continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 15 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 (continued)

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT

 MA

 US

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61

All Tobacco

2,850

600

3,450

1,550

100

5,100

3,200

1,530

970

2,500

890

290

1,180

3,680

1,510

350

1,860

8,740

647,160

3,000

660

3,660

1,700

100

5,460

2,400

500

300

800

750

250

1,000

1,800

1,100

250

1,350

5,550

492,240

2,370

2,110

2,325

2,335

1,550

2,313

1,850

1,650

1,695

1,668

2,530

1,952

2,388

1,899

1,950

1,951

1,951

1,892

1,997

2,500

2,200

2,446

2,400

1,700

2,418

2,100

1,160

660

973

2,200

1,800

2,100

1,599

1,450

980

1,363

1,758

2,220

6,755

1,266

8,021

3,619

155

11,795

5,920

2,525

1,644

4,169

2,252

566

2,818

6,987

2,945

683

3,628

16,535

1,292,692

7,500

1,452

8,952

4,080

170

13,202

5,040

580

198

778

1,650

450

2,100

2,878

1,595

245

1,840

9,758

1,092,907 1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 16 NASS, USDA

Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal

Group, State, and United States, 1999-2000

Seasonal

Group and

State

Area Planted Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

Winter 1

 CA

 FL

 Total

Spring 1

 AL 2

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 Hastings

 Other FL

 NC 3

 TX

 Total

Summer 4

 AL 2

 CA

 CO

 DE

 IL

 IA 5

 KS 6

 MD

 MO

 NE 7

 NJ

 NM

 NC 3

 TX

 VA

 Total

8.5

9.6

18.1

1.7

10.0

19.0

28.8

21.5

7.3

17.0

10.3

86.8

3.5

6.7

7.7

4.3

4.9

1.1

4.8

8.0

4.9

2.6

4.3

1.0

8.6

6.5

68.9

9.0

8.2

17.2

11.0

18.8

25.0

17.5

7.5

17.5

9.8

82.1

5.1

6.5

8.1

4.8

5.5

3.0

4.8

6.2

2.6

3.3

8.4

6.5

64.8

8.5

9.3

17.8

1.6

9.6

19.0

28.0

21.0

7.0

16.5

9.8

84.5

2.8

6.7

7.5

4.3

4.7

0.8

4.7

6.2

4.5

2.5

4.3

1.0

8.0

6.0

64.0

9.0

8.0

17.0

11.0

18.8

24.0

17.0

7.0

17.0

9.3

80.1

4.6

6.5

7.9

4.7

5.3

2.9

4.7

6.1

2.5

3.0

7.8

6.3

62.3

260

200

229

175

315

400

315

330

270

200

235

300

220

360

330

250

350

225

240

295

360

250

290

110

370

175

296

320

230

278

290

355

291

300

270

200

240

281

170

355

340

260

340

340

240

275

255

350

380

200

297

2,210

1,860

4,070

280

3,024

7,600

8,820

6,930

1,890

3,300

2,303

25,327

616

2,412

2,475

1,075

1,645

180

1,128

1,829

1,620

625

1,247

110

2,960

1,050

18,972

2,880

1,840

4,720

3,190

6,674

6,990

5,100

1,890

3,400

2,232

22,486

782

2,308

2,686

1,222

1,802

986

1,128

1,678

638

1,050

2,964

1,260

18,504

See footnotes at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 17 NASS, USDA

Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal

Group, State, and United States, 1999-2000 (continued)

Seasonal

Group and

State

Area Planted Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

Fall 4 8

 CA

 CO

 ID

 10 SW Co

 Other ID

 IN

 ME

 MA

 MI

 MN

 MT

 NE 7

 NV

 NM

 NY

 ND

 OH

 OR

 Malheur

 Other OR

 PA

 RI

 SD

 UT

 WA

 WI

 WY 5

 Total

US

9.0

77.2

395.0

26.0

369.0

5.2

65.0

3.0

48.0

70.0

11.0

21.6

6.5

6.6

26.0

121.0

4.8

56.0

10.5

45.5

14.5

0.6

3.5

2.0

170.0

86.0

0.5

1,203.0

1,376.8

8.5

75.8

415.0

28.0

387.0

4.2

64.0

2.9

49.0

66.0

12.0

25.0

6.5

6.8

22.0

124.0

4.2

57.0

10.5

46.5

13.5

0.5

4.5

1.5

175.0

86.0

1,223.9

1,388.0

9.0

76.9

393.0

26.0

367.0

4.9

62.5

2.9

47.5

53.0

10.9

21.2

6.5

6.6

25.5

110.0

4.7

55.5

10.5

45.0

14.0

0.6

3.4

2.0

170.0

85.0

0.5

1,166.1

1,332.4

8.5

75.6

413.0

28.0

385.0

4.0

63.0

2.9

47.5

60.0

11.8

24.5

6.5

6.8

21.0

115.0

4.1

56.5

10.5

46.0

13.0

0.5

4.2

1.5

175.0

85.0

1,199.9

1,359.3

445

335

339

470

330

270

285

255

315

340

305

420

440

380

265

240

210

505

440

520

220

225

290

290

560

400

295

369

359

4,005

25,762

133,330

12,220

121,110

1,323

17,813

740

14,963

18,020

3,325

8,904

2,860

2,508

6,758

26,400

987

28,020

4,620

23,400

3,080

135

986

580

95,200

34,000

148

429,847

478,216 1 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 2 Spring estimates included with summer in 2000. 3 Summer estimates included with spring in 2000. 4 1999 Estimates revised. 5 Estimates discontinued in 2000. 6 Estimates began in 2000. 7 Summer estimates included with fall in 2000. 8 The forecast of fall potato production will be released November 9, 2000.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 18 NASS, USDA

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production

by State and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield 1 Production 1

1999 2000 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

FL

HI

LA

TX

US

460.0

37.3

465.0

31.0

993.3

454.0

35.4

490.0

47.0

1,026.4

35.0

79.4

32.7

33.3

35.5

38.0

77.0

31.0

31.9

35.7

17,925

2,798

12,920

1,064

34,707

16,100

2,960

15,206

1,033

35,299

17,252

2,726

15,190

1,499

36,667 1 Net tons.

Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and

United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

CA

CO

ID

MI

MN

MT

NE

ND

OH

OR

WA

WY

US

108.0

68.5

210.0

190.0

470.0

61.7

66.2

247.0

1.7

19.7

27.4

57.1

1,527.3

99.0

61.3

211.0

180.0

476.0

60.0

62.1

250.0

1.1

15.8

28.3

59.4

1,504.0

32.0

21.3

24.3

18.6

20.1

23.8

19.0

20.8

19.5

25.1

30.1

21.1

21.9

33.0

21.1

26.8

18.0

21.2

23.7

19.0

22.0

18.0

27.8

33.4

21.0

22.8

2,723

1,301

5,501

2,768

9,710

1,410

934

5,386

19

471

1,192

1,084

32,499

3,456

1,459

5,103

3,534

9,447

1,468

1,258

5,138

33

494

825

1,205

33,420

3,267

1,293

5,655

3,240

10,091

1,422

1,180

5,500

20

439

945

1,247

34,299 1 Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 19 NASS, USDA

Oranges: Utilized Production by State and United States,

1998-99, 1999-00 and Forecasted September 1, 2000 1 2 3

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01

1,000 Boxes 1,000 Boxes 1,000 Boxes 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Early Mid &

 Navel 4

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

Valencia

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

All

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

550

21,000

112,000

1,250

134,800

600

15,000

74,000

180

89,780

1,150

36,000

186,000

1,430

224,580

600

40,000

134,000

1,540

176,140

500

27,000

99,000

200

126,700

1,100

67,000

233,000

1,740

302,840

34,000

21

787

5,040

53

5,901

22

563

3,330

8

3,923

43

1,350

8,370

61

9,824

22

1,500

6,030

66

7,618

19

1,013

4,455

8

5,495

41

2,513

10,485

74

13,113

1,275

 1 1998-99 and 1999-00 revised. Revised grapefruit and other citrus fruit totals will be released September 21, 2000, in "Citrus Fruits, 2000

Summary". 2 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 3 Net lbs. per box: AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85. 4 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of

tangerines in TX.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 20 NASS, USDA

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1999-2000

Month

Area Fresh Production

Total in Crop Harvested 1999 2000

1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Jul

Aug

3,490

3,515

2,535

2,340

2,035

2,025

1,535

1,375

3,225

3,315

4,685

4,035

Nuts: Utilized Production, In-shell Basis, by Crop and State,

1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

Crop and State

Utilized Production

1998 1999 2000

Tons Tons Tons

Hazelnuts

 OR

 WA

 Total

Walnuts

 CA

15,400

100

15,500

227,000

39,700

300

40,000

283,000

24,800

200

25,000

245,000

1,000 Pounds

Pistachios

 AZ 1

 CA

 Total

188,000

188,000

123,000

123,000

2,600

205,000

207,600 1 AZ added to the estimating program in 2000.

Olives: Total Production, California,

1998-99 and Forecasted September 1, 2000

State

Total Production

1998 1999 2000

Tons Tons Tons

CA 90,000 145,000 75,000
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 21 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-2000

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

5,223.0

77,431.0

4,670.0

600.0

3,531.0

1,582.0

9,288.0

62,814.0

43,431.0

4,035.0

15,348.0

1,076.0

387.0

60.8

1,534.5

4.6

275.0

73,780.0

3,553.0

14,873.5

14,584.0

289.5

1,560.6

6.1

2,023.0

281.6

182.0

1,376.8

18.1

86.8

68.9

1,203.0

93.8

5,702.0

79,579.0

4,472.0

450.0

3,110.0

1,327.0

9,005.0

62,946.0

43,349.0

4,050.0

15,547.0

1,503.0

593.0

54.0

1,495.0

4.5

224.0

74,501.0

2,866.0

15,532.0

15,350.0

182.0

1,560.9

1,740.9

1,388.0

17.2

82.1

64.8

1,223.9

96.1

4,758.0

70,537.0

6,062.0

63,160.0

23,985.0

39,175.0

2,453.0

540.0

3,512.0

383.0

8,544.0

320.0

53,909.0

35,572.0

3,569.0

14,768.0

1,044.0

382.0

58.8

1,436.0

4.4

262.0

72,476.0

3,441.0

13,424.9

13,138.0

286.9

1,527.3

993.3

647.2

4.4

1,877.0

263.6

174.5

6.4

0.4

34.3

106.3

1,332.4

17.8

84.5

64.0

1,166.1

24.4

83.1

0.5

5,235.0

73,059.0

62,191.0

23,767.0

38,424.0

2,452.0

3,085.0

309.0

8,315.0

54,445.0

35,401.0

3,986.0

15,058.0

1,459.0

575.0

52.4

1,465.5

4.4

209.0

73,474.0

2,775.0

14,123.0

13,947.0

176.0

1,504.0

1,026.4

492.2

1,580.6

0.3

36.4

1,359.3

17.0

80.1

62.3

1,199.9

93.3

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 22 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-2000

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu

"

Ton

"

"

"

Bu

"

Cwt

Bu

"

Ton

Bu

"

"

"

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

"

"

"

Bu

Lb

Bale

"

"

Ton

"

Lb

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

Cwt

Lb

59.2

133.8

15.9

2.52

3.50

1.92

59.6

33.2

5,866

28.7

69.7

11.6

42.7

47.8

27.8

34.1

1,306

20.6

816

2,667

1,155

1,545

36.5

1,262

607

595

1,128

21.9

35.5

1,997

1,364

1,770

1,908

1,368

1,560

46,000

1,881

71

359

229

300

296

369

101

147

59.2

141.8

2.46

3.32

1.94

62.3

6,212

62.1

42.3

45.0

29.6

39.2

2,561

39.5

622

616

1,121

22.8

35.7

2,220

1,630

50,000

1,876

278

281

297

281,853

9,437,337

96,169

159,077

83,924

75,153

146,218

17,910

206,027

10,993

595,166

3,716

2,302,443

1,699,989

99,322

503,132

1,363,680

6,354

7,880

48,010

3,829,490

5,080

404,715

2,642,908

4,341,862

16,968.0

16,293.7

674.3

33,420

35,299

1,292,692

60

33,230

5,030

2,387

658

10,000

16,100

64,456

7,537

478,216

4,070

25,327

18,972

429,847

2,454

12,234

6,800

309,930

10,362,374

153,255

78,796

74,459

152,745

191,643

516,028

2,302,252

1,594,321

117,862

590,069

6,878

3,752,850

2,899,571

18,315.1

17,904.0

411.1

34,299

36,667

1,092,907

25,764

13,500

68,288

4,720

22,486

18,504

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 23 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-2000

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

1998 1999 2000

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges 3

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans 4

 Pistachios 5

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

"

"

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Lb

Ton

"

Lb

1,000 Lbs

Ton

"

"

Lb

Ton

Lb

"

Ton

Gal

2,593

2

897

13,670

128

360

101

11,646.4

118.5

21,000.0

5,820.0

90.0

39,900.0

2,400.7

970.1

108.0

25.6

520,000

15.5

146,400

188,000

227.0

1,159

2,520

4

747

9,824

115

327

81

10,579.6

90.5

24,500.0

6,230.4

145.0

42,400.0

2,525.4

1,020.5

178.0

23.3

830,000

40.0

406,100

123,000

283.0

1,188

2,789

5

878

13,113

99

444

88

10,677.1

101.9

7,360.1

75.0

2,677.1

1,001.1

200.0

21.7

640,000

25.0

207,600

245.0

1,231 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2 Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. 3 Orange production revised. Grapefruit and other citrus fruit revisions will be released on September 21, 2000 in "Citrus Fruits, 2000

Summary". 4 First forecast of 2000 crop will be October 1, 2000. 5 AZ added to estimating program in 2000. Prior to 2000, estimates are for CA only.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 24 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-2000

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1999 2000 1999 2000

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4

2,113,700

31,335,550

1,889,900

242,810

1,428,960

640,220

3,758,760

25,420,200

17,576,090

1,632,920

6,211,180

435,450

156,620

24,610

621,000

1,860

111,290

29,858,030

1,437,860

6,019,160

5,902,000

117,160

631,560

2,470

818,690

113,960

73,650

557,180

7,320

35,130

27,880

486,840

37,960

2,307,540

32,204,830

1,809,770

182,110

1,258,590

537,020

3,644,230

25,473,620

17,542,910

1,638,990

6,291,720

608,250

239,980

21,850

605,010

1,820

90,650

30,149,810

1,159,840

6,285,650

6,211,990

73,650

631,680

704,520

561,710

6,960

33,230

26,220

495,300

38,890

1,925,520

28,545,620

2,453,230

25,560,220

9,706,490

15,853,730

992,700

218,530

1,421,270

155,000

3,457,670

129,500

21,816,430

14,395,630

1,444,340

5,976,460

422,500

154,590

23,800

581,130

1,780

106,030

29,330,310

1,392,540

5,432,920

5,316,820

116,110

618,080

401,980

261,900

1,780

759,600

106,680

70,620

2,590

140

13,860

43,020

539,210

7,200

34,200

25,900

471,910

9,870

33,630

200

2,118,550

29,566,250

25,168,080

9,618,270

15,549,810

992,300

1,248,470

125,050

3,365,000

22,033,350

14,326,430

1,613,090

6,093,820

590,440

232,700

21,210

593,070

1,780

84,580

29,734,190

1,123,010

5,715,440

5,644,210

71,230

608,650

415,370

199,200

639,650

110

14,730

550,100

6,880

32,420

25,210

485,590

37,760

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 25 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-2000

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3.19

8.40

35.56

5.65

7.84

4.30

2.14

1.86

6.58

1.80

4.37

26.03

2.87

3.21

1.87

2.29

1.46

1.29

0.92

2.99

1.29

1.73

2.45

1.41

0.68

0.67

1.26

49.05

79.66

2.24

1.53

1.98

2.14

1.53

1.75

51.56

2.11

0.08

40.23

25.63

33.59

33.23

41.32

0.11

16.50

3.19

8.90

5.52

7.43

4.34

2.23

6.96

3.90

2.84

3.03

1.99

2.64

2.87

2.65

0.70

0.69

1.26

51.12

80.08

2.49

1.83

56.04

2.10

31.12

31.46

33.29

6,136,620

239,719,400

87,243,050

144,312,230

76,134,570

68,177,650

2,122,350

406,190

9,345,230

279,240

15,117,910

3,371,100

62,662,230

46,266,120

2,703,100

13,693,010

618,550

5,763,800

200,160

21,780

1,737,030

2,300

183,580

71,928,170

1,969,440

3,694,350

3,547,540

146,810

30,318,110

32,022,710

586,360

2,720

1,507,290

228,160

108,270

29,850

4,540

7,300

29,240

3,420

21,691,510

184,610

1,148,810

860,560

19,497,530

1,110

554,920

3,080

6,747,930

263,216,420

139,030,600

71,482,530

67,548,070

2,217,090

8,692,780

13,107,710

62,657,030

43,390,310

3,207,680

16,059,050

6,239,890

1,702,260

78,913,390

3,987,640

3,898,140

89,510

31,115,530

33,263,740

495,730

1,168,640

6,120

30,980

214,100

1,019,950

839,330

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 26 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-2000

(Metric Units)

Crop

Production

1998 1999 2000

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges 3

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans 4

 Pistachios 5

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

2,352,330

1,810

813,740

12,401,220

116,120

326,590

91,630

5,282,720

107,490

9,530

5,279,770

81,650

18,100

1,088,940

880,100

97,980

23,220

235,870

14,060

66,410

85,280

205,930

5,790

2,286,110

3,630

677,670

8,912,180

104,330

296,650

73,480

4,798,830

82,100

11,110

5,652,090

131,540

19,230

1,145,500

925,740

161,480

21,140

376,480

36,290

184,200

55,790

256,730

5,940

2,530,140

4,540

796,510

11,895,910

89,810

402,790

79,830

4,843,050

92,440

6,676,950

68,040

1,214,310

908,180

181,440

19,690

290,300

22,680

94,170

222,260

6,150 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2 Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00. 3 Orange production revised. Grapefruit and other citrus fruit revisions will be released on September 21, 2000 in "Citrus Fruits, 2000

Summary". 4 First forecast of 2000 crop will be October 1, 2000. 5 AZ added to estimating program in 2000. Prior to 2000, estimates are for CA only.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 27 NASS, USDA

Corn for Grain: Plant Population

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in 7 corn producing

States during 2000. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August

through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are rounded actual field

counts from this survey.

Corn for Grain: Plant Population per Acre,

Selected States, 1996-2000

State Month 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Number Number Number Number Number

IL

IN

IA

MN

NE

OH

WI

Sep

Nov

Sep

Nov

Sep

Nov

Sep

Nov

Sep

Nov

Sep

Nov

Sep

Nov

24,350

24,200

23,550

23,500

25,000

24,950

26,500

26,600

22,750

22,700

23,100

22,750

24,800

24,900

25,000

24,900

23,700

23,800

25,700

25,500

26,300

26,600

22,850

22,850

23,450

23,500

24,750

24,800

25,550

25,400

24,350

24,300

25,700

25,600

27,750

27,650

23,350

23,050

25,350

25,450

26,600

25,850

25,750

25,650

25,250

25,100

25,850

25,900

26,750

26,800

23,200

23,100

25,000

25,000

26,050

26,200

25,800

25,050

26,500

27,500

23,700

25,200

26,550
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 28 NASS, USDA

All Spring Wheat: Head Population

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in three spring wheat

producing States during 2000. Randomly selected plots in wheat fields are visited monthly from August

through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from

this survey. The final number of heads is determined when the plots are harvested at maturity. These data

will be published in January.

All Spring Wheat: Heads per Square Foot,

Selected States, 1996-2000

Crop and State Month 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Number Number Number Number Number

Other Spring

 MN

 MT

 ND

Durum

 ND

Sep

Final

Sep

Final

Sep

Final

Sep

Final

41.6

41.6

25.2

25.1

36.0

36.1

24.7

24.7

47.7

47.8

25.8

25.8

37.8

37.7

22.8

22.8

45.8

45.8

29.5

29.5

38.5

38.3

27.5

27.5

49.0

49.4

24.5

24.5

37.2

37.1

22.9

22.9

52.5

27.8

46.6

24.2
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 29 NASS, USDA

Soybeans: Pod Counts

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in 8 soybean producing

States during 2000. Randomly selected plots of soybean fields are visited monthly from August through

harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this

survey.

Soybeans: Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet,

Selected States, 1996-00

State Month 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Number Number Number Number Number

AR

IL

IN

IA

MN

MO

NE

OH

Sep 1

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

1,521

1,481

1,505

1,573

1,581

1,416

1,470

1,457

1,654

1,463

1,463

1,543

1,487

1,487

1,491

1,688

1,655

1,715

1,514

1,514

1,452

1,378

1,383

2,098

1,956

1,828

1,708

1,708

1,622

1,532

1,532

1,894

1,458

1,461

1,585

1,506

1,506

1,539

1,591

1,650

1,716

1,345

1,342

1,711

1,485

1,467

1,640

1,613

2,087

1,902

1,906

1,883

1,709

1,709

1,914

1,745

1,748

1,598

1,450

1,442

1,847

1,878

1,931

1,849

1,810

1,810

1,887

1,710

1,710

1,483

1,346

1,917

1,788

1,787

1,771

1,622

1,622

2,142

1,894

1,878

1,612

1,563

1,565

1,242

1,508

1,525

1,877

1,872

1,872

1,699

1,494

1,494

2,162

1,917

1,830

1,607

1,974

1,795

1,893

 1 Not available due to plant immaturity.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 30 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting Objective Yield surveys in 13 cotton producing

States during 2000. Randomly selected plots of cotton fields are visited monthly from August through

harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this

survey for 5 States which accounted for 66 percent of the 1999 U.S. upland cotton production. The

remaining 8 States are new to the Objective Yield survey and do not have 5 years of historical counts

available.

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, September 1996-2000, and

November and Final, 1996-1999 1

State Month 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Number Number Number Number Number

AR

CA

LA

MS

TX

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

Sep

Nov

Final

857

741

741

707

748

744

665

607

607

816

731

729

383

498

498

975

810

811

701

697

697

639

643

643

908

835

833

500

468

458

637

633

640

755

665

655

694

600

600

835

823

821

498

477

482

720

693

689

921

779

776

722

728

728

761

767

766

465

447

456

874

760

722

657

408

 1 Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls,

and burrs, per 40 feet of row. In November, excludes small bolls.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 31 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 32 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 33 NASS, USDA

August Weather Summary

Extremely dry weather prevailed in the Northwestern and South-Central States, accompanied by very hot

weather in the latter region that severely stressed pastures and immature summer crops, including cotton,

soybeans, and sorghum. An already active wildfire season intensified from the Great Basin to the northern

Rockies, but beneficial seasonal rains eased long-term moisture deficits in parts of the Southwest. 

Meanwhile in the Corn Belt, near-normal temperatures and widespread showers aided filling summer crops

in eastern areas, but hotter, drier conditions brought some increase in stress on corn and soybeans in western

areas. In the South, hot, dry weather resulted in further drought intensification as far east as Alabama, but

beneficial showers returned to the southern Atlantic region, aiding immature summer crops and denting

long-term moisture deficits. Cool, wet conditions lingered in the Mid-Atlantic region, where monthly

temperatures averaged as much as 3 degrees F below normal. In the Corn Belt, readings ranged from 1

degree F below normal to 3 degrees F above normal. Monthly temperatures were near or slightly below

normal in California and the Pacific Northwest, but averaged as much as 5 degrees F above normal in the

Intermountain West and up to 9 degrees F above normal in eastern Kansas. Monthly temperatures averaged

at least 4 degrees F above normal in most areas from southeastern Montana southward onto the southern

Plains and southeastward to the Delta.

August Agricultural Summary

Above-normal temperatures promoted rapid crop development across most of the Nation during August,

with many crops approaching maturity well ahead of normal in the Great Plains, lower Mississippi Valley,

and Corn Belt. However, crop development lagged in parts of the eastern Corn Belt and along the Atlantic

and Pacific coasts due-to-cooler than normal temperatures. Hot, dry weather aided small grain harvest in

the Corn Belt, Great Plains, and Pacific Northwest, but stressed maturing row crops, especially in Kansas

and Nebraska. Excessive heat and moisture shortages also reduced crop conditions in the lower Mississippi

Valley and Southeast, but rain periodically eased drought conditions along parts of the Atlantic Coastal

Plains and Gulf Coast.

Corn development remained ahead of last year’s early pace and more than one week ahead of normal

throughout the month due to above-normal temperatures in the Great Plains and western Corn Belt. 

Late-maturing fields entered the silking stage in the Great Plains and around the Great Lakes during the first

week of the month, and by August 6, silking was 96 percent complete. Meanwhile, fields rapidly entered

the dough stage across most of the Corn Belt, despite periods of cooler-than-normal weather east of the

Mississippi River. As mid-month approached, fields rapidly entered the dough stage in the western Corn

Belt and northern Great Plains, while denting accelerated in the southern Corn Belt. On August 13,

one-fourth of the acreage was dented and 63 percent was at or beyond the dough stage. After mid-month,

above-normal temperatures continued to promote rapid development in the western Corn Belt and Great

Plains, while cooler-than-normal temperatures moderated progress in the eastern Corn Belt and Atlantic

Coastal Plains. Development lagged around the Great Lakes throughout the month. When the month

ended, about 90 percent of the acreage had reached the dough stage and two-thirds was dented. On

September 3, more than one-fourth of the crop was mature and 4 percent was harvested. Conditions slowly

deteriorated in the western Corn Belt and Great Plains as the month progressed due to excessive heat and

increasing moisture shortages. Above-normal precipitation maintained conditions in parts of the southern

and eastern Corn Belt, although severe weather caused isolated wind and hail damage.

Soybeans also developed ahead of last year’s early pace and more than one week ahead of the 5-year

average. Fields rapidly entered the bloom stage in the lower Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys in early

August and by mid-month, nearly all of the soybean acreage had reached the bloom stage. In the Corn Belt

and Great Plains, fields rapidly entered the podding stage, despite periods of below-normal temperatures in

the Dakota’s and east of the Mississippi River. After mid-month, above-normal temperatures accelerated

podding in the lower Missouri and Mississippi Valleys, but cool weather continued to limit progress in parts

of the eastern Corn Belt and Atlantic Coastal Plains. By the end of the month, more than 95 percent of the

acreage was setting pods. Triple-digit heat quickly ripened fields in the western Corn Belt and Mississippi

Delta near the end of the month, while above-normal temperatures accelerated progress in the eastern Corn

Belt. Development was most advanced in Louisiana and Mississippi, where 40 and 37 percent,

respectively, was dropping leaves on August 27. Fields also ripened far ahead of normal in Kansas and

Nebraska, but progress lagged behind normal in Michigan and North Dakota. On September 3, nearly

one-fifth of the acreage was shedding leaves. Conditions steadily declined in the Great Plains, western Corn

Belt, and lower Mississippi Valley due to hot, dry weather. Cooler weather and adequate precipitation

limited deterioration around the Great Lakes and in parts of the southern and eastern Corn Belt.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 34 NASS, USDA

The winter wheat harvest advanced to 95 percent complete on August 6, about 1 week ahead of last year and

the average for this date. Dry weather aided rapid progress in the northern Great Plains and Pacific

Northwest, especially in Montana, where growers harvested nearly one-half of their crop during the first

week of the month. The oat harvest progressed about 1 week ahead of last year and the 5-year average in

the Corn Belt and Great Plains and was 95 percent complete on August 27. The harvest season ended near

mid-month in Iowa, Nebraska, and Nebraska. The harvest pace remained active in Minnesota, North Dakota,

and Pennsylvania during the second half of the month. Hot, dry weather quickly ripened spring wheat and

barley fields and aided harvest progress in the upper Mississippi Valley, across the northern Great Plains,

and into the Pacific Northwest. Harvest was very active in South Dakota early in the month, where growers

harvested 50 percent of the spring wheat during the first week of the month. On August 27, the spring

wheat harvest was complete in South Dakota, and the barley harvest neared completion in Minnesota. By

September 3, spring wheat and barley were 88 and 92 percent harvested, respectively, about 1 week ahead

of the 5-year average and more than 2 weeks ahead of last year’s pace. Growers began planting the 2001

winter wheat crop near the end of the month, but the seeding pace was limited by severe topsoil moisture

shortages. On September 3, 2 percent of the winter wheat was planted, slightly behind last year and the

average for this date. 

The cotton crop developed at a normal pace most of the month. Warm weather accelerated development in

Virginia early in the month, where about 50 percent of the crop began setting bolls during the first half of

the month. Ninety-six percent of the crop was setting bolls by August 20. Hot weather began to ripen fields

in the lower Mississippi Valley and Southwest early in the month and progress accelerated as mid-month

approached. From August 7 to August 20, bolls began opening on 54 percent of the Louisiana acreage. 

After mid-month, cotton rapidly ripened in interior areas of the Mississippi Delta. Acreage with open bolls

advanced 34 percentage points in Mississippi during the week ended August 20. During the week ended

August 27, acreage with bolls opening rapidly progressed in Arkansas, Missouri, and Tennessee. 

Below-normal temperatures and excessive rainfall hindered development along the Atlantic Coastal Plains,

especially after mid-month, as bolls opening remained well behind the 5-year average in North Carolina and

Virginia. Fields matured ahead of normal in Arizona due to hot weather, while fields ripened behind normal

in California due to slightly below-normal temperatures. Conditions deteriorated in the southern Great

Plains, Mississippi Delta, and most of the Southeast due to extreme moisture shortages and excessive heat. 

In Alabama and Georgia, scattered late-month rains provided isolated, temporary drought relief. On

September 3, harvest was 10 percent complete in Texas.

The rice crop slowly headed in the interior Mississippi Delta States, despite warmer-than-normal

temperatures during most of the month. Harvest progressed ahead of the 5-year average along the western

Gulf Coast. On September 3, the rice harvest was 27 percent complete. The sorghum crop also developed

ahead of normal during August. On September 3, 81 percent was turning color and 50 percent was mature,

compared with the normal pace of 62 percent turning color and 30 percent mature. Excessive rain hindered

peanut development along the Atlantic Coastal Plains, while severe drought restricted pegging in the

Southeast.

Corn for Grain: Acreage harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 73.1 million acres,

unchanged from last month, but up 4 percent from 1999. The September 1 Corn Objective Yield data

indicate a record level stalk count for the combined seven objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa,

Minnesota, Nebraska, Ohio, and Wisconsin). The September forecasted ears per acre are also the highest on

record. Ear measurements from the sample plots indicate a length equal to last year and above the 5-year

average. As of September 3, seventy-six percent of the acreage was reported dented in the 18 major

corn-producing States. This compares with 75 percent last year and 59 percent for the five-year average. 

Corn rated in good to excellent condition totaled 66 percent compared to 59 percent for a year ago.

Corn in most of the Corn Belt progressed ahead of the average pace and condition remained above the last

year. The central and southern Plains were stressed by hot temperatures and dry conditions. Ideal weather

in the Mid-Atlantic and northern Plains States improved corn yield prospects. Progress in the Great Lakes

region was behind average but corn was in mostly good to excellent condition.

In Iowa, forecasted stalk and ear populations are both at record levels when compared to final counts. Ear

length is above the average (1995-99). Eighty-six percent of the corn was dented as of September 3,

compared to 79 percent in 1999 and the 5-year average of 60 percent. Corn condition was rated 65 percent

good to excellent.

Forecasted stalk and ear counts are at a record high level for Illinois when compared to final levels. Ear

length is above last year and the 5-year average. Eighty-three percent of the corn was dented compared with
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 35 NASS, USDA

79 percent last year and 63 percent for the five-year average. Seventy-eight percent of the corn was rated in

good to excellent condition.

In Indiana, ear counts are at record levels, while in Nebraska forecasted stalk and ear counts are at a record

high. Ear length is below last year and the average in Nebraska, but above both last year and the average in

Indiana. Corn dented in Indiana was at 88 percent, the same as last year and above the average of

59 percent. The majority (76 percent) of corn in Indiana was rated in good to excellent condition. Nebraska

corn was 84 percent dented on September 3 compared with 68 percent in 1999 and the average of

56 percent. The Nebraska corn crop was rated 59 percent fair to good.

Wisconsin stalk and ear counts are at the highest level on record. Ear length is below both last year and the

average. Thirty-four percent of the crop was dented on September 3 compared with 62 percent in 1999 and

the average of 44 percent. Condition of the Wisconsin corn crop was rated 75 percent good to excellent.

Minnesota and Ohio stalk and ear counts from Objective Yield data indicate levels above last year and the

average. Ear length in Minnesota is down from last year and equal to the 5-year average. Ohio ear length is

above 1999 and equal to the average. Corn dented in Minnesota was 72 percent complete by September 3,

equal to 1999 and ahead of the average of 57 percent. Ohio corn was 59 percent dented compared to

73 percent for last year and the average of 44 percent. Minnesota corn was rated 68 good to excellent while

the Ohio crop was rated 74 percent good to excellent.

Sorghum: The second production forecast for the 2000 crop year is 516 million bushels, down 11 percent

from August and down 13 percent from 1999. Based on September 1 conditions, the sorghum yield is

forecast at 62.1 bushels per acre, down 7.4 bushels from August and 7.6 bushels from 1999. Yield

decreases from last month are expected in 9 of the top 11 producing States, mainly in the western regions. 

Illinois is the only State expecting a yield increase. Louisiana expects no change in yield from last month. 

The yield forecast for Kansas, the leading sorghum State, is down 16 bushels from last month’s forecast. 

Yield forecasts for all the western States are down due to drought conditions and heat in the Southern

Plains. Texas’s forecast, at 62 bushels, is down only 1 bushel from last month due to an earlier harvest

season. Illinois is forecasting a record yield of 104 bushels.

Acreage expected to be harvested for grain in the U.S. in 2000, at 8.32 million acres, is unchanged from

August, but 3 percent lower than the 1999 harvested grain acreage. 

Sorghum progressed to 50 percent mature on September 3, compared with the 5-year average of 30 percent. 

Warm weather is quickly ripening fields in the Mississippi Valley and Great Plains.

As of the week ending September 3, thirty-three percent of the sorghum crop was rated good to excellent. 

This is 6 points lower than last month, and 21 points lower than a year earlier. This is due to moisture and

heat stressed crops from South Dakota south into Texas. 

Barley: Production for 2000 is forecast at 310 million bushels, less than 1 percent higher than the August

forecast and 10 percent above the 1999 production. Area harvested and to be harvested is unchanged from

August, at 5.24 million acres but up 10 percent from the previous year. Yields are expected to average

59.2 bushels per acre, up 0.4 bushels from last month and equal to last year’s yield.

Forecasted yields were unchanged from August in 10 of the 16 September forecast States. Compared to the

August forecast, Minnesota, Oregon, South Dakota, and Washington are expecting higher yields, while

Colorado and Wyoming are forecasting lower yields due to drought conditions. Dry weather aided harvest

in the northern Great Plains States during August. As of September 3, ninety-two percent of the barley was

harvested, ahead of the 76 percent 5-year average. Abundant moisture in the east is pushing forecasted

yields for Virginia and Maryland to record highs.

Durum Wheat: Area for harvest as grain is forecast at 3.99 million acres, unchanged from last month, but

up 12 percent from last year. 

Hot, dry weather during the first half of August in North Dakota allowed harvest to progress ahead of

average. However, the weather turned cool and wet during the latter half of the month which slowed

harvest progress. As of September 3, forty-eight percent of the North Dakota crop was harvested, six points

better than the 5-year average. North Dakota’s Durum objective yield survey head count forecast is down
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 36 NASS, USDA

slightly from last month, but still above average. Head weight is higher than a month ago, but still slightly

below average.

Other Spring Wheat: Harvested area for 2000 is still 15.1 million acres, up 2 percent from last year. As

of September 3, harvest was 14 points ahead of average in the major producing States. The South Dakota

harvest was complete. 

Growers in South Dakota now expect record high yields. Extremely poor dryland yields in southern Idaho

have been offset by good dryland yields in northern Idaho and excellent irrigated yields throughout the

State. Harvest progress has been slowed recently in Washington by scattered rainfall in the wheat

producing areas. Objective Yield survey data shows plant populations at record high levels in Minnesota

and North Dakota, and about average in Montana. Head weight forecasts are up from August in Minnesota

and North Dakota; Montana’s weight forecast remained below average.

Rice: Production is forecast at 192 million cwt, down 3 percent from August 1 and 7 percent below the

1999 revised level. Area for harvest is expected to total 3.09 million acres, down 4 percent from August 1

and 12 percent below the revised 1999 level. Rice plantings, at 3.11 million acres, were reduced from last

month by 120,000 acres. Acreage decreases occurred in Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas. Yields

are expected to average 6,212 pounds per acre, up 346 pounds from the revised 1999 yield. If realized, this

would be a record yield, 92 pounds above the previous record yield set in 1996 when the yield averaged

6,120 pounds per acre. This is also the third highest production following last year’s record of 206 million

cwt. 

The Arkansas harvest was slightly behind schedule, while Texas was 19 percent ahead of the 5-year

average. Early harvest was underway in California. As of September 3, Arkansas crop conditon was rated

73 percent good to excellent. The Louisiana harvest was 83 percent complete and yields unchanged from

August 1. The crop condition in Mississippi and Texas rated mostly good.

Soybeans: Area expected for harvest, at a record 73.5 million acres, is unchanged from August and

1 percent above 1999 harvested acreage.

As of September 3, fifty-five percent of the crop was rated good to excellent, 9 percentage points better than

the same week in 1999, but 11 percentage points below the July 30 rating. At month’s end, crop conditions

had declined in much of the central Great Plains, western Corn Belt, and Delta region due to moisture

shortages and excessive heat. Conditions in the eastern Corn Belt and Mid-Atlantic were more favorable

during August as milder temperatures and frequent rains were more common. In the drier Southeast, the

crop began to show some signs of improvement as much needed precipitation was finally received during

August.

In the twenty-one non-Objective Yield States that make yield forecasts in September, seven States reduced

yields from August. The largest yield reduction in September was seen in Kansas, down 8 bushels, while

the yield was lowered 4 bushels in Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Tennessee. Yields were also lowered 3

bushels in Louisiana and 1 bushel in North Dakota and Wisconsin. Yield increases were made in ten States. 

Most of the increases were made to States in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeast region. The yield forecast was

left unchanged in Alabama, North Carolina, New Jersey, and Texas.

If realized, pod counts from the September Objective Yield survey will be the highest on record in Illinois,

Indiana, Minnesota, Missouri, and Ohio. In Iowa and Nebraska, pod counts for September were lower than

the 1999 final counts.

Overall, crop maturity was running at a very accelerated pace. As of September 3, virtually all of the crop

had set pods. The percent of soybeans dropping leaves, at 18 percent, was 7 percentage point ahead of the

previous year and 11 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.75 billion pounds, down 1 percent from August 1 and 2 percent below

last year's crop. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.47 million acres, unchanged from the August report,

but up 2 percent from 1999. Yields are expected to average 2,561 pounds, 26 pounds below last month and

down 106 pounds from 1999.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 37 NASS, USDA

Production in the Southeast States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina) is expected to total

1.76 billion pounds, down slightly from last month and 18 percent below last year's level. Yield in the

four-State area are expected to average 2,213 pounds per acre, down 9 pounds from August 1 and

284 pounds below 1999. Yield prospects in Alabama and Georgia were unchanged from last month while

Florida decreased 100 pounds. The yield forecast in South Carolina increased 100 pounds from last month.

Early harvest was underway in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia. As of September 3, the crop condition in the

Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina was mostly fair to good while crop condition in Alabama was rated

mostly very poor.

The Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 600 million pounds, up 1 percent from August 1 and

16 percent above 1999. Yield is forecast at 3,000 pounds, 25 pounds above last month and up 415 pounds

from last year. As of September 3, the Virginia-North Carolina peanut crop was rated in mostly good

condition.

Southwest crop production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 1.39 billion pounds,

down 3 percent from last month, but up 18 percent from 1999. Yields are expected to average

2,962 pounds, 130 pounds below 1999. Early harvest was underway in Texas. The crop condition in Texas

was rated mostly good while the crop in Oklahoma was rated mostly poor. 

Cotton: Upland cotton harvested acreage, at 13.9 million acres, is 6 percent above 1999. Arkansas

increased 30,000 acres from August 1, while Louisiana and Mississippi decreased 30,000 and 60,000 acres,

respectively, from their August 1 levels. Condition of the cotton crop has deteriorated since last month,

especially in the Delta and Southwest regions. Continued drought and extremely high temperatures have

resulted in additional stress to the crop. In the 13 States which lay out objective yield plots, eight States

reduced yields from August, one State increased yield, and four States remained unchanged. AmericanPima harvested acreage, at 176,000 acres, is down 5,000 acres from last month.

In the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia),

rainfall was received during August in many areas. However, due to continuing hot, dry conditions, the soil

moisture evaporated quickly. Some boll rot was reported due to the rainfall on open bolls. However,

overall condition of the crop remains similar to the August 1 report. On September 3, Georgia rated

68 percent of it’s cotton acreage as fair to excellent, compared to 65 percent on July 30. North Carolina and

Virginia rated 96 percent and 99 percent, respectively, in the fair to excellent categories on September 1. 

This compares to 98 percent fair to excellent for North Carolina on July 30 and 100 percent fair to excellent

for Virginia on July 30. South Carolina rated 88 percent of it’s crop in the fair to excellent categories,

1 point above a month earlier. Alabama rated 54 percent of it’s cotton as fair to excellent on September 3,

nineteen points above the rating on July 30. The increase in rating is due in part on the decision to abandon

some very poor fields. In North Carolina and Virginia, moderate temperatures have hindered development

of the crop. As of September 3, North Carolina reported 18 percent of it’s acreage having open bolls,

compared to 26 percent for the 5-year average. Virginia reported only 14 percent of it’s acreage with bolls

opening on this date, 29 points behind the 5-year average of 43 percent. 

Upland growers in the Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee)

experienced extreme moisture shortages and near record high temperatures during the month of August. 

These conditions resulted in rapid development and deterioration of the crop. On September 3, Louisiana

rated 52 percent of it’s cotton acreage in fair to excellent condition, 30 points below the rating on July 30. 

Similarly, Mississippi rated 63 percent fair to excellent, 23 points below last month’s rating. Arkansas,

Missouri, and Tennessee’s ratings ranged from 5 to 14 points below the July 30 level. While conditions

deteriorated, development accelerated. On September 3, Arkansas reported 59 percent of it’s acreage

having open bolls, compared to 39 percent for the 5-year average. Louisiana had bolls open on 92 percent

of it’s cotton acreage, compared to 70 percent on average. Mississippi had 85 percent of it’s acreage

showing bolls open, 18 points ahead of average. Bolls opening in Tennessee and Missouri were 27 and

13 points, respectively, ahead of average on September 3. Objective yield data show total fruit count in

Arkansas to be the seventh lowest in the past 10 years. Louisiana and Mississippi’s total fruit count rank

eighth and tenth, respectively, since 1991. 

Producers in the Southwestern States (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) continue to battle

extremely dry, hot weather. Early maturity in dryland cotton was being reached across the Plains. As of

September 3, forty-two percent of Texas’ upland cotton acreage had bolls opening. This is 10 points ahead

of the 5-year average. Oklahoma acreage was 15 points ahead of average, with 29 percent having open

bolls. Some marginal fields are being abandoned because the cost to fight insects is not economical. 

Extremely hot temperatures and high winds depleted soil moisture and led to deteriorating condition ratings. 

Irrigated crops were also under stress in some areas of the Plains due to available water being exhausted at a
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 38 NASS, USDA

rapid rate. As of September 3, Oklahoma rated 70 percent of the cotton acreage as fair to excellent

condition, compared to 99 percent on August 30. Texas rated 62 percent of it’s acreage in these categories,

21 points below the August 30 rating. Data from the objective yield survey show Texas’ large boll counts

rank sixth since 1991.

Upland cotton in California and Arizona is progressing slightly ahead of the 5-year average. On

September 3, California reported that 35 percent of the upland cotton had bolls opening, compared

to 32 percent on average. Arizona reported 74 percent of their upland cotton had open bolls by

September 3, two points ahead of the 5-year average. Above average temperatures during August resulted

in ideal conditions for cotton development. Irrigation alleviated any concerns associated with dry spells

which accompanied the hot temperatures. However, a few fields did experience a minimal amount of

squares being dropped. Mild temperatures during the last week of August slowed the development of a few

fields of cotton in California, but led to improved conditions in these fields. On September 3, California

rated 100 percent of their upland acreage as fair to excellent. Arizona rated 97 percent of their acreage as

fair to excellent. Both States ratings are unchanged from last month. Data from the objective yield plots

indicate California’s count of large bolls rank sixth since 1991.

American-Pima production is forecast at 411,100 bales, down 39 percent from last year’s output, and down

8,000 bales from August. The U.S. yield is forecast at 1,121 pounds per harvested acre, down 7 pounds

from 1999. California’s production is down 10,000 bales from the August forecast, as a reduction in

harvested acreage more than offset a slight increase in yield. The crop has progressed well in California,

despite cool weather during late August. Good boll retention has been reported for this year’s crop. Texas

increased production 2,000 bales from the August 1 forecast, while New Mexico and Arizona production

remained unchanged. 

Ginnings totaled 841,900 running bales prior to September 1, compared with 561,000 running bales ginned

prior to the same date last year and 523,000 running bales in 1998.

Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 2000 is forecast at 1.09 billion pounds, down 15 percent from

1999, but 2 percent above the August 1 forecast. If realized, this will be the smallest crop since 1934. 

Revised area for harvest in 2000 is forecast at 492,240 acres, down 24 percent from 1999. Yields for 2000

are expected to average 2,220 pounds per acre, 223 pounds higher that a year ago, and 51 pounds higher

than the August 1 forecast. Yield prospects in North Carolina, the leading flue-cured State, are averaging

higher than last year. Kentucky, the leading burley State, also expects yields to average above a year ago. 

Tobacco growers in Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, Ohio, and Pennsylvania expect lower

yields than a month ago. However, growers in Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina,

Tennessee, and Virginia expect improved yields compared to last month. The largest change from last

month and last year, was a significant drop in yield and acreage in the Connecticut Valley Broadleaf and

Shade-grown due to “brown spot” and “hollow stem.”

Flue-cured (types 11 - 14) production is expected to total 597 million pounds, up 2 percent from last month

but down 9 percent from 1999. Growers plan to harvest 253,900 acres in 2000, 16 percent below last year. 

Yield is expected to average 2,352 pounds per acre, 190 pounds higher than the previous year.

Fire-cured (types 21 - 23) production is expected to total 46.6 million pounds, up 2 percent from last month

and 22 percent above the 1999 season. Growers plan to harvest 17,630 acres in 2000, 7 percent above a

year ago. The expected average yield is 2,644 pounds per acre, 325 pounds higher than the previous year.

Burley production (type 31) is expected to total 412 million pounds, 3 percent above the August 1 forecast

but 26 percent below a year ago. Yield is expected to average 2,048 pounds per acre, up 219 pounds from

1999. Burley growers plan to harvest 201,000 acres, 34 percent below a year ago. Kentucky’s production,

at 256 million pounds, is expected to be 33 percent below last year.

Southern Maryland Belt (type 32) tobacco production is expected to total 14.6 million pounds, up 1 percent

from the previous year. Average yield is expected to increase 163 pounds. A total of 8,700 acres is

expected to be harvested this year, down 8 percent from 1999.

Dark Air-cured (types 35 - 37) production is expected to total 13.2 million pounds, up 12 percent from 1999. 

Growers plan to harvest 5,460 acres in 2000, 7 percent more than last year. Yields are expected to average

2,418 pounds per acre, 105 pounds above last year.

All Cigar (types 41 - 61) production is expected to total 9.76 million pounds, down 41 percent from last

year. Overall yield is expected to average 1,758 per acre, down 134 pounds from 1999. Growers of all
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 39 NASS, USDA

types of Cigar Type tobacco plan to harvest 5,550 acres, 36 percent below a year ago. Compared to last

month, expected production of Connecticut Valley Broadleaf tobacco type declined 3,071,000 pounds to

778,000 pounds because of “brown spot” and “hollow stem” that resulted from the season’s unusually cool

and wet conditions. Growers now plan to harvest 800 acres in 2000, 68 percent below last year. Yields are

expected to average 973 pounds per acre, 695 pounds below last year.

Summer Potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 18.5 million cwt in 2000, with harvest

coming from 62,300 acres and an average yield of 297 cwt per acre. Comparable totals may be calculated

by adding last year’s Alabama spring estimates with summer and subtracting out Iowa, Kansas, Nebraska,

and North Carolina’s crops from the summer totals. On a comparable basis, summer production is up

1 percent from last year while acreage for harvest is up less than 1 percent. Average yield per acre is

expected to be up 3 cwt. Smaller potato crops are seen in New Mexico, down 16 percent; Alabama, down

13 percent; Missouri, down 8 percent; and California, down 4 percent. Production is up 20 percent in

Virginia, up14 percent in Delaware, and up 2 percent in New Jersey. Maryland potato production is equal

to last year. Illinois output swelled 10 percent, Colorado is up 9 percent, and Texas gained slightly. Kansas

will add nearly a million cwt of potatoes to the summer mix.

Harvest was delayed by wet weather along the mid Atlantic coast, particularly in Delaware, Maryland, and

New Jersey. Virginia growers were nearly finished when rain came in late August. Dry weather in

Alabama reduced production throughout the State. Harvest is over in Missouri with good yields reported. 

Hot, dry weather was reported in Colorado through New Mexico but irrigation abated damage. Heavy rain

in California was blamed for damage to late fields.

Fall Potatoes, 1999 Final: Production of 1999 fall potatoes is finalized at 430 million cwt, down 1 percent

from a year earlier but 2 percent above the 1997 output. The 1999 crop was the third largest fall production

on record, behind the 1996 and 1998 seasons. Farmers harvested 1.17 million acres in 1999, down 4 percent

from a year earlier and 2 percent short of 1997. The average yield was a record high 369 cwt per acre, up

13 cwt from 1998 and 12 cwt above the previous record in 1997. There were no revisions from the annual

estimate made last January.

All Potatoes, 1999 Final: Production of potatoes from all four seasons in 1999 totaled 478 million cwt, up

1 percent from a year earlier, and 2 percent above 1997. Area harvested was estimated at 1.33 million acres,

down 4 percent from 1998 and 2 percent below 1997. The yield, averaging a record high 359 cwt per acre

was up 16 cwt from a year ago and was 14 cwt above two years ago. In 1999, winter production jumped

37 percent, spring gained 20 percent, summer inched up slightly, but fall potatoes slipped 1 percent from

the previous year.

Sugarcane: Production is forecast at a record high 36.7 million tons, 4 percent above the previous record

of 35.3 million tons set last year. Sugarcane growers intend to harvest a record high 1.03 million acres for

sugar and seed during the 2000 crop year, 3 percent more than last year’s final harvested acres. Louisiana

growers expect to harvest a record high 490,000 acres. In Florida, harvested acres are expected to exceed

the previous forecast, but will remain below last year’s level. Yield is forecast at 35.7 tons per acre, 0.2 ton

above 1999.

Rain boosted crop conditions in Florida during August, but drought intensified and reduced yield prospects

in Louisiana. Moisture shortages also limited crop growth in Texas. Moisture shortages in Hawaii were

partially alleviated by timely precipitation.

Sugarbeets: Production is forecast at 34.3 million tons from just over 1.5 million acres. The yield is

forecast at 22.8 tons per acre, 0.9 tons above 1999. This production forecast does not reflect expected

reductions due to the government PIK program announced in July. Acreage and production adjustments due

to the program will not be known until all bids are reviewed and either accepted or rejected.

Yields are expected to equal the previous record in Minnesota and moisture supplies remain favorable for

the North Dakota crop. Crop conditions were maintained by irrigation in the High Plains and northern

Rocky Mountains in spite of hot weather. Mild weather continued to boost yield prospects in California and

Michigan, although some fields were treated for diseases. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 40 NASS, USDA

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 4.04 million pounds for August. Although fresh

output is 14 percent below last month, it is 22 percent more than August 1999. The lower output compared

to July is the result of reduced acreage and dry conditions earlier in the year in unirrigated orchards. Crop

area totaled 2,340 acres, 8 percent lower than July and 33 percent below a year ago. Harvested area,

totaling 1,375 acres, is 10 percent below last month and 32 percent below August 1999. August weather

conditions were variable with a mix of sunshine and showers over major papaya producing areas. Soil

moisture in unirrigated orchards has been adequate.

Florida Citrus: Most of Florida’s citrus belt received adequate rainfall during August, however some

growers on the ridge and upper interior irrigated regularly during the month as those areas did not receive

sufficient rains. All citrus growing areas need additional precipitation to replenish the lakes, ponds, and

streams that were depleted during the winter and spring drought. There is an abundance of new growth on

trees of all ages as a result of the near tropical weather conditions. New crop fruit continues to make good

progress with very little late or off bloom fruit. Several fresh fruit packinghouses have representatives in

groves testing early bloom fruit that may be close to passing maturity tests for the start of the 2000-01

season. There are still several small fresh squeeze juice operations running late bloom oranges and

grapefruit from the previous season. Caretakers have been mowing, chopping, and discing cover crops. 

Growers are spraying pesticides and fertilizing. Dead tree removal and grove debris burning continue in all

areas.

California Citrus: New crop Navel oranges continue to mature. Large fruit sizes are evident. The

Valencia orange harvest was slowed due to normal summer competition from other fruit in the marketplace. 

Lemon picking was active in the south coast area. Good quality was reported. Grapefruit harvest

continued.

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Fruit crop harvesting was active during August in many areas of

the State. Harvest of grapes for fresh use gained momentum in the San Joaquin Valley. Varieties picked

included Red Globe, Flame Seedless, Thompson Seedless, and Fantasy. The wine grape harvest began in

August. Cooler nights have enhanced color in red varieties. Grapes for raisins were laid down on trays

during August. Grape growers were also treating vineyards for mildew and leafhoppers. The grassy-winged

sharpshooter remains a concern to growers. Gala and Granny Smith apple harvests were active. Picking of

freestone peaches, nectarines, and plums was also active and prune harvest was underway. Bartlett pear

harvesting was virtually complete by September 1 in the Lake and Medocino areas. Asian pear harvest was

active in the San Joaquin Valley. Picking of Clingstone peaches continued throughout August. Quality was

good but with small sizes. Almonds were treated for mites and navel orangeworm. Harvest of almonds

gained momentum by late August. Walnuts were treated for blight and codling moth as harvest began. 

Strawberry harvest remained active in the central coast areas.

Hazelnuts: Hazelnut production in Oregon and Washington is forecast to be 25,000 tons for 2000. This

would be 37 percent less than last year’s revised crop but 61 percent more than 1998's production. Oregon’s

share of production is expected to be 24,800 tons with Washington making up the difference of 200 tons.

The decrease is largely due to the alternate bearing cycle when a smaller crop follows a year with a larger

crop. Mild weather since January has been favorable for crop development. Crop progress is somewhat

ahead of normal. Eastern Filbert Blight continues to limit potential production in infested orchards.

The results of the hazelnut objective yield survey showed the number of nuts picked per tree was down

49 percent from last year but up 42 percent from 1998. The percentage of good nuts was up four percentage

points from 1999 and one percentage point from 1998. The average dry weight of the good nuts was

0.20 grams heavier than last year but 0.14 grams lighter than in 1998. The average size was 18 percent

larger than in 1999. Brown stained nuts amounted to just 0.3 percent of the sample, the lowest percentage

since tracking of that statistic began in 1984.

Walnuts: The 2000 California walnut production is forecast at 245,000 tons, down 13 percent from the

1999 production of 283,000 tons. The September forecast is based upon the Walnut Objective

Measurement Survey conducted August 1 through August 23, 2000. Hot weather in August may have

lowered quality. Harvest is just beginning.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 41 NASS, USDA

Survey data indicated an average nut set of 1,483, down 13 percent from last year’s average of 1,709. The

Hartley nut set was down 16 percent; Serr, down 10 percent; Franquette, down 33 percent; and Chandler,

down 21 percent from 1999. Percent of sound kernels in-shell was 96.9 percent statewide. In-shell weight

per nut was 21.2 grams, while the average in-shell suture measurement was 32.2 millimeters. The average

length in-shell was 38.2 millimeters.

Pistachios: The U.S. pistachio crop is expected to total 208 million pounds. Beginning with the 2000 crop,

Arizona will join California in the estimating program. California pistachio production is forecast at a

record high 205 million pounds, 67 percent above last year’s production. Arizona’s crop is forecast at

2.60 million pounds. Harvest began up to two weeks early this year due to above average temperatures.

The California forecast is based upon an objective measurement survey completed August 25, 2000. The

estimated average number of clusters per tree was 992, up 68 percent from the previous year. The estimated

total number of filled nuts per tree was 9,321 as compared with 4,630 in 1999. The average number of nuts

per cluster was 13, including both filled and blank. The percent of nuts filled was 72.2 percent. The

average in-hull weight per nut including blanks was 2.57 grams, compared to 2.82 grams last year. The

in-hull cross suture measurement was 14.86 millimeters, compared to 15.29 millimeters in 1999. Average

kernel weight in 2000 was 0.870 grams. The average kernel suture was 10.01 millimeters, average cross

suture 9.33 millimeters, and kernel length was 16.25 millimeters.

Olives: The 2000 olive crop is forecast at 75,000 tons, down 6 percent from the August 1 forecast and

48 percent below the 1999 production of 145,000 tons. A heavy bloom occurred with the warm, mild spring

weather. However, rains in the northern producing areas were detrimental to fruit set. Growers expect the

yield of the Manzanillo variety to decrease 51 percent from last year. Manzanillos account for about

74 percent of the total production. Growers expect the yield of Sevillano and Ascolano varieties, which

account for about a fifth of the total production, to decrease by 59 percent and 45 percent, respectively.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 42 NASS, USDA

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 25 and

September 3 to gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for

wheat, corn, soybeans, and cotton were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for

about 75 percent of the U.S. production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. 

The items counted within the selected plots depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases,

number of plants are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to forecast the

number of heads, ears, pods, or bolls and their weight. The counts are used with similar data from previous

years to develop a projected biological yield. The five-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a

net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. 

After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year

harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal

interviewers. Approximately 15,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked

questions about probable yield.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported survey estimates

were reviewed for errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were

also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous month and previous

years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural

Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analysis to prepare the published

September 1 forecast.

Revision Policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead a new forecast will be

made each month throughout the growing season. At the end of the marketing year administrative records

and a balance sheet are utilized using carryover stocks, production, exports, processing, feeding, and ending

stocks. Revisions are then made if data relationships warrant changes. Harvested acres may be revised any

time a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed

since the last estimate.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecasts, the "Root

Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between

the September 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. 

The average of squared percentage deviations for the 1980-1999 20-year period is computed. The square

root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made

concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate,

assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. For

example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is

5.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or

below the final estimate by more than 5.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level)

that the difference will not exceed 9.0 percent.

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the

September 1 forecast and the final estimates. Using corn again as an example, changes between the

September 1 forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 280 million bushels,

ranging from 10 million to 891 million bushels. The September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate

12 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that the September 1 corn forecast this year is likely to

understate or overstate final production. For most crops, the number of years the forecasts have been below

or above the final estimate is about equally distributed.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 43 NASS, USDA

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts

Crop Unit

Root Mean

Square Error 20-Year Record of

Differences Between Forecast

and Final Estimate

Percent

90

Percent

Confidence

Interval

Quantity Years

Average Smallest Largest Below

Final

Above

Final

Million Million Million Number Number

Corn For Grain

Sorghum for Grain

Barley

Durum Wheat

Other Spring

Rice

Soybeans for Beans

Cotton 1

Bu

Bu

Bu

Bu

Bu

Cwt

Bu

Bales

5.2

5.9

3.6

6.2

3.7

4.1

5.1

6.0

9.0

10.2

6.5

10.7

6.3

7.1

8.8

10.5

280

25

11

5

14

5

96

701

10

1

0

0

1

0

19

5

891

105

38

12

62

16

199

2,366

12

11

6

9

9

14

9

10

8

9

14

11

11

6

11

10 1 Quantity is in thousands of bales.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 44 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics

Service to contact for additional information.

Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-2127

Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526

Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688

Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234

Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops,

Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621

Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127

Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing

Vegetables (202) 720-3250

Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries,

Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4488

Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans &

Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270

Keith Lacy - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup,

Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940

Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables,

Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157

The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. on October 12, 2000.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

September 2000 45 NASS, USDA

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USDA to Hold Public Forum

October 16, 2000

Holiday Inn Mart Plaza

Chicago, Illinois

The National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for

Data Users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the

various statistical and information programs, and to seek comments and input from

data users. The other USDA agencies to be represented will include the Agricultural

Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, the Foreign Agricultural Service,

and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade Division from the

Census Bureau and The National Weather Service will also be included in the

meeting.

For registration details, see the NASS home page at http://www.usda.gov/nass/

or contact Karlyn McCutcheon (NASS) at (202) 690-8141 or at

hq_dapp@nass.usda.gov