|UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|FORM 10-Q                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
|Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
|For the quarterly period ended
June 30, 2008                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
|Alpharma Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
|Delaware
(State of Incorporation)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
|440 Route 22 East, Bridgewater NJ 08807
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
|(908) 566-3800
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
|Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
|YES    X                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
|Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer" and "smaller reporting company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.                                                     
|Large Accelerated Filer [X]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
|Smaller reporting company [ ]                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
|Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No X                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
|Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock as of July 27, 2008:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
|Class A Common Stock, $0.20 par value - 41,763,544 shares                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               



ALPHARMA INC.
INDEX  Page No.PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATIONItem 1.
Financial Statements (unaudited)Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30,
2008 and December 31, 2007
3Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
4Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007
5Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
6-20Item 2.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
     Condition and Results of Operations
21-29Item 3.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about
     Market Risk
30Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
30PART II
     Item 1.
OTHER INFORMATION
Legal Proceedings
31Item 1A.
Risk Factors
31Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
31Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
32Item 6.
Exhibits
33Signatures
34  ALPHARMA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) 
(In thousands of dollars, except share data) June 30,
December 31,ASSETS
2008
2007Current assets:Cash and cash equivalents
$606,798
$309,690Accounts receivable, net
94,598
93,225Inventories
117,648
93,135Prepaid expenses and other current assets
20,221
20,807Current assets held for sale
--
67,030Total current assets
839,265
583,887Property, plant & equipment, net
142,067
139,968Intangible assets, net
224,117
235,154Goodwill
115,563
115,107Other assets and deferred charges
51,414
60,248Non-current assets held for sale
--
161,986Total assets
$1,372,426
$1,296,350LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITYCurrent liabilities:Short-term debt
$6,010
$5,778Accounts payable
65,698
46,211Accrued expenses
103,617
101,103Accrued and deferred income taxes
6,718
12,182Current liabilities held for sale
--
41,286Total current liabilities
182,043
206,560Long-term debt
300,000
300,000Deferred income taxes
46,789
19,353Other non-current liabilities
30,230
22,699Non-current liabilities held for sale
--
16,611Total non-current liabilities
377,019
358,663Commitments and contingencies (see Note 12)Stockholders' equity:Class A common stock, $0.20 par value (authorized 75,000,000;
     issued 44,483,039 and 43,047,202 outstanding)
8,896
8,824Class B common stock, $0.20 par value (authorized 15,000,000;
    issued 11,872,897)
2,375
2,375Preferred stock, $1 par value (authorized 500,000)
--
--Additional paid in capital
1,140,785
1,130,918Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)
(2,540)
(166,270)Accumulated other comprehensive income
5,292
70,321Treasury stock, at cost
(341,444)
(315,041)Total stockholders' equity
813,364
731,127Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$1,372,426
$1,296,350The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.   ALPHARMA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) 
(In thousands of dollars, except per share data) Three Months Ended

Six Months EndedJune 30,

June 30,2008
2007

2008
2007Total revenues
$166,911
$133,096

$324,403
$251,417Cost of sales
58,988
50,314

117,256
96,174Gross profit
107,923
82,782

207,147
155,243Selling, general and administrative expenses
95,988
60,496

186,350
115,753Research and development
17,147
16,375

68,288
31,292Asset impairments and other (income) expense
--
(965)

--
(3,090)Operating income (loss)
(5,212)
6,876

(47,491)
11,288Interest income (expense), net
2,286
3,192

3,038
4,608Other income (expense), net
510
493

317
795Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income taxes
(2,416)
10,561

(44,136)
16,691Provision (benefit) for income taxes
(1,560)
4,932

(4,177)
7,567Income (loss) from continuing operations
(856)
5,629

(39,959)
9,124Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes
(6,526)
7,390

203,689
15,870Net income (loss)
$(7,382)
$13,019

$163,730
$24,994Basic earnings per common share:Income (loss) from continuing operations
$(0.02)
$0.13

$(0.92)
$0.22Income (loss) from discontinued operations
$(0.15)
$0.17

$4.71
$0.37Net income (loss)
$(0.17)
$0.30

$3.79
$0.59Diluted earnings per common share:Income (loss) from continuing operations
$(0.02)
$0.13

$(0.92)
$0.21Income (loss) from discontinued operations
$(0.15)
$0.17

$4.71
$0.37Net income (loss)
$(0.17)
$0.30

$3.79
$0.58The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements. 4ALPHARMA INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(In thousands of dollars)
Six Months Ended
June 30,2008

2007Operating Activities:Net income
$163,730

$24,994Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in
    operating activities:Gain from sale of discontinued operations
(202,979)

--Depreciation and amortization
20,849

24,632Amortization of loan costs
621

391Amortization of stock-based compensation
5,475

2,710Other non-cash items
618

198Changes in assets and liabilities:Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable
2,884

(5,689)Increase in inventories
(26,328)

(17,006)Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses
869

(2,083)Decrease in accrued milestones
(37,000)

--Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses
38,168

(507)Decrease in taxes payable
(2,264)

(575)Other, net
(673)

8,186Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(36,030)

35,251Investing Activities:Capital expenditures
(16,126)

(20,267)Purchased intangible assets
--

(969)Proceeds from sale of business
384,500

--Acquisition activities
--

(9,849)Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
368,374

(31,085)Financing Activities:Proceeds from issuance of convertible senior notes
--

292,772Repayments of short-term debt
(606)

--Payment of debt assigned in sale of business
(4,990)

--Proceeds from issuance of short-term debt
--

2,757Proceeds from issuance of common stock
4,558

4,018Payments for purchases of treasury shares
(26,403)

--Increase (decrease) in book overdraft
(1,655)

941Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(29,096)

300,488Net cash flows from exchange rate changes
727

(588)Increase in cash
303,975

304,066Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
302,823

113,163Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$606,798

$417,229Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:Cash paid for interest
$3,443

$795Cash paid for taxes
$3,653

$134

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

51.    General
These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and its instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. They should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes, which appear in the Alpharma Inc. ("Alpharma" or the "Company") Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007. The consolidated results for interim periods do not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for annual financial statements and are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or any subsequent period. In the opinion of Alpharma management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented have been included. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Where appropriate, certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.
The Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of Operations have been presented for all periods to classify the Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ("API") business as a discontinued operation in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" ("SFAS 144"). See Note 3. Consistent with SFAS No. 95, "Statement of Cash Flows," the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows have not been reclassified for activities of the discontinued operations.
2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2008, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued FASB Staff Position ("FSP") Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") No. 03-6-1, "Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities" ("EITF 03-6-1"). EITF 03-6-1 addresses whether instruments granted in share-based payment transactions, with rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, are participating securities prior to vesting and, therefore, need to be included in the earnings allocation in computing earnings per share ("EPS") under the two-class method described in FASB Statement No. 128, "Earnings per Share." Unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class method. In contrast, the right to receive dividends or dividend equivalents that the holder will forfeit if the award does not vest does not constitute a participation right. EITF 03-6-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. All prior-period EPS data presented shall be adjusted retrospectively (including interim financial statements, summaries of earnings, and selected financial data). Early adoption of EITF 03-6-1 is prohibited. The Company will adopt EITF 03-6-1 as of January 1, 2009, and does not currently believe that the adoption will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, "The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles" ("SFAS 162"). SFAS 162 identifies the sources of accounting principles and the framework for selecting the principles used in the preparation of financial statements of nongovernmental entities that are presented in conformity with GAAP. SFAS 162 is effective sixty days following the SEC's approval of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board
6amendments to AU Section 411, "The Meaning of Present Fairly in Conformity With Generally Accepted Accounting Principles." The Company anticipates that the adoption of SFAS 162, as of the effective date, will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In May 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. APB 14-1, "Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments that may be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)" ("FSP APB 14-1"). FSP APB 14-1 specifies that issuers of convertible debt instruments should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity's nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued on or after January 1, 2009, with retrospective application. Early adoption is not permitted.
Upon adoption of FSP APB 14-1, the Company's accounting for its $300,000 Convertible Senior Notes (the "Notes") will be impacted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact; but estimates that implementation would result in an approximately $80,000 reduction in its March 15, 2007 Notes balance outstanding, with a corresponding increase in equity. The Company also estimates that upon adoption, the retrospective application of the position will result in increased interest expense of approximately $10,000 for the year ending December 31, 2008. The Company will adopt FSP APB 14-1 as of January 1, 2009.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 142-3, "Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets" ("FSP 142-3"). FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset and the disclosure requirements under FASB Statement No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangibles." FSP 142-3 requires that an entity consider its historical experience in renewing or extending similar arrangements in determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset. Determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under FSP 142-3 applies prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. The disclosure requirements of FSP 142-3 will be applied prospectively to all intangible assets recognized as of, and subsequent to, the effective date. FSP 142-3 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of FSP 142-3 is prohibited. The Company will adopt FSP 142-3 as of January 1, 2009.
In April 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, "Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133" ("SFAS 161"). SFAS 161 changes the disclosure requirements for derivative and hedging activities. Under SFAS 161, the Company will be required to provide enhanced disclosures about: how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; how derivative instruments and related hedging items are accounted for under FASB Statement No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," and its related interpretations; and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity's financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS 161 is effective for financial statements issued on or after January 1, 2009, and early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt SFAS 161 as of January 1, 2009 and anticipates that such adoption will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007), "Business Combinations" ("SFAS 141(R)"). SFAS 141(R) establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer in a business combination: recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree; recognizes and measures goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. Early adoption of SFAS 141(R) is not permitted. SFAS No. 141(R) applies prospectively to
7business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company will adopt SFAS 141(R) as of January 1, 2009.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements - an amendment of ARB 51" ("SFAS 160"). SFAS 160 requires all entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements, and eliminates the diversity that currently exists in accounting for transactions between an entity and noncontrolling interests by requiring they be treated as equity transactions. SFAS 160 is effective for financial statements issued on or after January 1, 2009, however applications of SFAS 160's disclosure and presentation requirements are retroactive. The Company will adopt SFAS No. 160 as of January 1, 2009. The Company is currently assessing the impact that the adoption of SFAS 160 will have, if any, on its consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110, which provides interpretative guidance regarding the use of a "simplified" method in developing an estimate of the expected term of "plain vanilla" share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), "Share-Based Payment." Accordingly, the SEC will continue to accept, under certain circumstances, the use of the simplified method beyond December 31, 2007. The Company has concluded that its historical share option exercise experience does not provide a reasonable basis upon which to estimate the expected term due to the significant structural changes in its business. Therefore, the Company will continue to use the "simplified" method in developing its estimate of the expected term of "plain vanilla" share options.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115" ("SFAS 159"). SFAS 159 provides an option to report certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value primarily to reduce the complexity and level of volatility in the accounting for financial instruments resulting from measuring related financial assets and liabilities differently under existing GAAP. SFAS 159 was effective January 1, 2008. The Company has evaluated SFAS 159 and has chosen to not record the applicable financial liability at fair value.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" ("SFAS 157"). SFAS 157 establishes a framework for measuring fair value under GAAP and will be applied to existing accounting and disclosure requirements in GAAP that are based on fair value. SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value measurements. SFAS 157 emphasizes a "market-based" as opposed to an "entity-specific" measurement perspective, establishes a hierarchy of fair value measurement methods and expands disclosure requirements about fair value measurements including methods and assumptions and the impact on earnings. With respect to financial assets and liabilities, the Company is using the SFAS 157 framework in its disclosure regarding the fair value of its Convertible Senior Notes (see Note 9). With respect to non-financial assets and liabilities, the Company is evaluating the potential impact of SFAS 157, the effective date of which is for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008.
3.    Discontinued Operations

On February 6, 2008, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell its API business to certain investment funds managed by 3i, a global private equity and venture capital company, for $395,000. The transaction included the sale of manufacturing facilities in Copenhagen, Denmark; Oslo, Norway; Budapest, Hungary; and Taizhou, China. The API business employed approximately 700 people, substantially all of whom were transferred with the business. The API sale closing occurred on April 1, 2008, with the transaction effective as
8of the close of business on March 31, 2008. On April 1, 2008, in connection with the closing of the transaction, the Company received cash from the purchaser in the amount of $384,500.
The Company recorded an estimated gain of $209,505 on the sale of the business in the first quarter of 2008, net of estimated taxes of $37,179. The final purchase price, and therefore the gain, is subject to adjustment based on the closing net cash balance and working capital of the business, as defined in the divestiture agreement. The Company's results from discontinued operations for the three months ended June 30, 2008 include a net loss of $6,526, principally related to adjustments to previously recorded gains. These adjustments are primarily attributable to foreign exchange and certain transaction-related costs and adjustments.
The following table details selected financial information for discontinued operations:
Six Months Ended
June 30,2008
2007Total revenues
$42,902
$96,084Operating income
$2,430
$22,683Income from discontinued operations, before
   income taxes
$1,186
$22,539Provision for income taxes
476
6,670Income from discontinued operations, net of
   income taxes
710
15,870Gain on sales of discontinued operations, net of taxes
202,979
--Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes
$203,689
$15,870The assets and liabilities of API, reflected as held for sale as of December 31, 2007, are as follows:
Cash and cash equivalents
$(6,867)Accounts receivable, net
39,406Inventories
32,828Prepaid expenses and other current assets
1,663Total current assets held for sale
67,030Property, plant & equipment, net
143,636Goodwill and intangibles, net
17,604Other non-current assets
746Total non-current assets
161,986Total assets held for sale
$229,016Short-term debt
$5,255Accounts payable
11,692Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
24,339Total current liabilities held for sale
41,286Non-current liabilities
16,611Total liabilities held for sale
$57,8979The gross $395,000 price for the sale of the API business is based on a cash and debt free transaction. This amount is subject to adjustment based upon certain liabilities assumed by the purchaser and based on the closing date net cash balance and closing date working capital of the business. In addition, the purchaser assumed the outstanding portion, $4,990 at March 31, 2008, of the Company's China Credit Facility related to the API business, subject to a guarantee by the Company. On April 3, 2008, the Company remitted $4,990 to an affiliate of the purchaser and was released from the guarantee on the China Credit Facility.
On March 31, 2008, prior to the closing, the Company advanced $5,000 of the estimated cash overdraft position of the API business to an affiliated entity of the Company acquired by the purchaser. This amount is repayable, plus accrued interest, upon the final reconciliation of the closing net cash balance and working capital, in accordance with the terms of the divestiture agreement. This reconciliation and repayment is expected to occur in the third quarter of 2008.
4.    License and Collaboration Agreements
IDEA AG ("IDEA")
In October 2007, the Company's affiliate, Alpharma Ireland Limited ("Alpharma Ireland"), entered into an agreement with IDEA, a privately held biopharmaceutical company with headquarters in Munich, Germany. The agreement provides the Company with an exclusive license to the United States rights to ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel (TRANSFERSOME is a registered trademark of IDEA AG Corporation and licensed to Alpharma Ireland), a prescription topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ("NSAID") in Phase III clinical development. In March 2008, this agreement was amended to provide the Company with certain joint ownership interests in certain development and regulatory assets.
The terms of the license agreement between Alpharma Ireland and IDEA include a $60,000 payment that was made in connection with the October 2007 closing. The agreement also includes three clinical, regulatory, and intellectual property progress milestone payments ("progress milestone payments") totaling $77,000 that are expected to be paid over the first 12 to 18 months of the license agreement, based upon IDEA's achievement of contractually-specified conditions. An additional milestone payment of either $45,000 or $65,000 is conditioned on U.S. Food & Drug Administration ("FDA") product approval (with the higher amount dependent upon the achievement of a specified end point in one of the clinical trials).
Under the terms of the license agreement, IDEA has agreed to pay the costs of specified studies it is undertaking to obtain FDA approval of ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel.
The terms of the agreement also include the issuance of two series of stock warrants to IDEA for the purchase of shares of the Company's Class A common stock. Both series vest only upon FDA approval of the product in the United States. The amount and pricing of the Phase III Milestone ("Series A") warrants are tied to positive phase III results, and the Form of Approval ("Series B") warrants are tied to FDA approval. The strike price for the Series A warrants will be determined by applying a 50% premium to the 30 day average stock price immediately preceding the announcement of positive Phase III results; with a minimum exercise price per share of $22.50. The strike price for the Series B warrants will be determined by applying a 25% premium to the 30 day average stock price immediately following the FDA approval date, with a minimum exercise price per share of $18.75. For both the Series A and B warrants, the number of shares eligible to be purchased under the warrants will be determined by dividing $50,000 for each series by the respective strike price for each series. Upon vesting at the time of FDA approval, both series of warrants have a term of approximately five years, with a limit of ten years from the date of entering into the agreement. The fair value of these warrants will be recognized upon FDA approval.

10The license agreement includes commitments whereby the Company is required to spend pre-determined minimum amounts for the commercialization of the product (including selling, marketing and medical educational expenses) during the first four years following the product's launch.
The agreement also includes the future payment of royalties based on annual net sales applied to a tiered structure. The Company's royalty payments to IDEA will be calculated starting at 5% of annual net sales of the product up to a maximum royalty rate of 24%, based upon contractually agreed annual net sales levels.
The license agreement expires upon the later of the expiration of all U.S. patent rights licensed by IDEA to Alpharma Ireland or 2029.
In connection with the closing in October 2007, Alpharma Ireland paid $60,000 to IDEA in the fourth quarter of 2007, which was recorded as research and development expense, and the Company issued both series of stock warrants. In addition, during the third and fourth quarters of 2007, the Company recorded approximately $2,300 in transaction-related costs. In March 2008, the Company recorded $37,000 in research and development expense related to IDEA's achievement of the first and second progress milestones. The $37,000 was paid to IDEA in April 2008.
Institut Biochimique SA ("IBSA")In September 2007, the Company's affiliate, Alpharma Pharmaceuticals LLC ("Alpharma Pharmaceuticals"), closed on two license and distribution agreements (the "IBSA License and Distribution Agreements") with IBSA, a privately-owned, global pharmaceutical company headquartered in Lugano, Switzerland. The agreements have a ten-year term, with automatic renewal options, and provide the Company with the exclusive license and distribution rights to market: 1) the FLECTOR Patch (FLECTOR is a registered trademark of IBSA and licensed to Alpharma Pharmaceuticals) and 2) TIROSINT (synthetic levothyroxine sodium) gel capsules (TIROSINT is a registered trademark of IBSA and licensed to Alpharma Pharmaceuticals), in the United States. The FLECTOR Patch, which was approved in the U.S. by the FDA in January 2007, delivers the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of diclofenac epolamine through a patent-protected topical patch, and is indicated for the topical treatment of acute pain due to minor strains, sprains, and contusions. TIROSINT gel capsules was approved by the FDA in October 2006 and is indicated for thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
The terms of the IBSA License and Distribution Agreements called for a total of $100,000 in upfront payments upon closing. The Company paid IBSA $5,000 of this amount during the second quarter of 2007 and the remaining $95,000 at closing, in September 2007. In addition, on October 3, 2007, in accordance with the terms of the FLECTOR Patch agreement, the Company issued to IBSA a warrant for the purchase of up to one million shares of the Company's Class A common stock. These stock warrants were issued with a $35 strike price and a three-year term, through August 16, 2010.
Under the terms of the IBSA License and Distribution Agreements for TIROSINT gel capsules, as amended, the Company has undertaken to launch the TIROSINT gel capsules during February 2009.
Commercial supply of the FLECTOR Patch is provided by IBSA, at contractually determined prices, through a manufacturing agreement IBSA has with a Japanese supplier. It is expected that IBSA will supply the TIROSINT gel capsule product, at contractually-determined prices, from its own manufacturing facility.

11The IBSA License and Distribution Agreements include certain annual minimum purchase commitments for both the FLECTOR Patch and TIROSINT gel capsules. The minimum commitments increase each year over the first three years from product launch and remain at year three levels (or, in the case of the TIROSINT agreement, at the slightly reduced year four level) for the remaining years of the agreements.
The $100,000 cash payments to IBSA and transaction-related costs have been capitalized as an addition to intangible assets. The Black-Scholes value of the stock warrants ($1,780) was capitalized in the fourth quarter of 2007 as an addition to intangible assets. These intangible assets are amortized over the estimated commercial lives of the products, using a sales-activity-based methodology.
5.    Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflect the dilutive effect of stock options, stock warrants and convertible debt, when appropriate.
A reconciliation of weighted average shares outstanding from basic to diluted is as follows:
(Shares in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30,
Six Months Ended June 30,2008
2007
2008
2007Average shares outstanding - basic
43,227
42,915
43,240
42,605Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock
--
547
--
541Average shares outstanding - diluted
43,227
43,462
43,240
43,146The Company excluded the anti-dilutive effect of 1,275,000 and 1,398,000 shares associated with stock-based compensation awards from the calculation of average shares outstanding - diluted for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively. The exclusion of these shares is a result of two factors:
1) As a result of the Company recording a loss from continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the dilutive effect of approximately 907,000 and 827,000 stock options and restricted shares, respectively, have been excluded from the calculation of average shares outstanding - diluted; and 2) The amount of dilution attributable to stock options, determined by the treasury stock method, depends on the average market price of the Company's common stock for each period. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, stock options to purchase 368,000 and 571,000 shares, respectively, were not included in the diluted EPS calculation, because the assumed proceeds, as calculated under the treasury stock method, resulted in these awards being anti-dilutive.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, stock options to purchase 404,000 and 397,000 shares, respectively, were not included in the diluted EPS calculation, because the assumed proceeds, as calculated under the treasury stock method, resulted in these awards being anti-dilutive.
The numerator for the calculation of basic EPS is Income (loss) from continuing operations, Income (loss) from discontinued operations, or Net income (loss), as appropriate, for all periods presented. The numerator for the calculation of diluted EPS is Income (loss) from continuing operations, Income (loss) from discontinued operations, or Net income (loss), as appropriate, plus an add back for interest expense and debt cost amortization, net of income tax effects, related to the convertible debt when applicable, for all periods presented. Stock warrants issued to IBSA
12and the effects of the 2.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2027 were not included in the calculation of diluted EPS for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, because the results were anti-dilutive.
Share Repurchase Program
In April 2008, the Company's Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program of up to $150,000 of its Class A Common Stock, over a twenty-four month period. During the three months ended June 30, 2008, the Company repurchased 1,107,179 shares for an aggregate cost of $26,403, in open market purchases. As of June 30, 2008, the Company has up to $123,597 remaining under the repurchase program. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any particular number of shares and the program may be suspended or discontinued at any time.
6.    Income Taxes
The Company's effective tax rate for continuing operations is dependent on many factors including, but not limited to: a) the impact of enacted tax laws in jurisdictions in which the Company operates; b) the amount of earnings by jurisdiction, due to varying tax rates in each country; and c) the Company's ability to utilize various tax losses and credits.
The tax provision (benefit) for continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was a benefit of $1,560.
The tax provision (benefit) for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was a benefit of $4,177. The Company's financial results in the first quarter of 2008 include $37,000 of research and development expenses accrued by Alpharma Ireland in connection with its license agreement with IDEA AG (see Note 4), for which no tax benefits are expected to be recorded in 2008. Alpharma Ireland is a start-up operation for a product in development and the Company presently has no basis to conclude it is more likely than not that the related deferred tax asset will be realized.
The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48 ("FIN 48"), "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes," on January 1, 2007. At December 31, 2007, the Company had recorded $11,817 in gross unrecognized tax benefits as a component of other non-current liabilities. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company had no significant changes in its tax positions and the amount of interest and penalties accrued during the period was not material. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had $2,000 and $1,674, respectively, of accrued interest and penalties included within non-current liabilities.
7.    Inventories
Inventories consist of the following:
June 30,
December 31,2008
2007Finished product
$82,372
$60,867Work-in-process
23,001
21,348Raw materials
12,275
10,920$117,648
$93,135138.Intangible Assets and GoodwillIntangible assets consist principally of licenses and products rights, including regulatory and/or marketing approvals by relevant government authorities. All intangible assets are subject to amortization. For the years ending December 31, the aggregate future annual amortization expense of intangibles assets is estimated to be:
Balance of 2008
$10,2002009
18,5002010
20,6002011
22,7002012
21,400Thereafter
130,717$224,117Intangible assets and accumulated amortization are summarized, as follows:
Net balance, December 31, 2007
$235,154Additions (reductions), net
(961)Amortization
(10,207)Translation adjustment
131Net balance, June 30, 2008
$224,117Accumulated amortization, June 30, 2008
$184,788The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill attributable to the Company's reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2008 are, as follows:
Pharmaceuticals
AH
TotalBalance, December 31, 2007
$113,973
$1,134
$115,107Additions
--
396
396Translation adjustment
--
60
60Balance, June 30, 2008
$113,973
$1,590
$115,5639.    Debt
Short-Term Debt
During the second quarter of 2007, the Company entered into a revolving credit facility with Bank of America, N.A. that provided up to a maximum of $10,600 to certain of the Company's entities in The People's Republic of China (the "China Credit Facility"). During the fourth quarter of 2007, the Company amended the then-existing revolving credit facility with Bank of America, N.A. to provide up to a new maximum of $21,600.
At December 31, 2007, the Company had outstanding borrowings under the China Credit Facility of $10,570, including $4,792 related to the API business, which is classified as Current liabilities held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2007.
14On March 31, 2008, in connection with the sale of the API business, $4,990 of the then outstanding debt under the China Credit Facility was assumed by the purchaser of the API business, subject to a guarantee by the Company. The Company was released from this guarantee in April 2008 and the maximum loan amount under the China Credit Facility was reduced to $10,600. See Note 3. As of June 30, 2008, the Company's remaining outstanding borrowings under the China Credit Facility of $6,010 are classified within Short-term debt. The weighted average interest rate on these borrowings at June 30, 2008 was 6.43%.
Long-Term Debt
In March 2007, the Company issued $300,000 of Convertible Senior Notes, due March 15, 2027 ("the Notes"), with interest payable semi-annually, in arrears, on March 15 and September 15, at a rate of 2.125% per annum. The Notes are unsecured obligations and rank subordinate to all future secured debt and to the indebtedness and other liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries. The Notes are convertible into shares of the Company's Class A Common Stock at an initial conversion rate of 30.6725 shares per $1,000 principal amount of the Notes, subject to adjustment. The conversion rate is based on an initial conversion price of $32.60 per share. The maximum number of shares a note-holder may receive as a result of such adjustments is 41.40. The Company may redeem the Notes at its option commencing on or after March 15, 2014. The holders have one-day put rights on March 15, 2014, 2017 and 2022, to require the Company to repurchase the Notes at 100% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. Beginning with the period commencing on March 20, 2014 and during any six-month interest period thereafter, the Company will pay contingent interest if the average trading price of the Notes is above a specified level. The net proceeds from the issuance were $292,772 and deferred loan costs in the amount of $7,228 are being amortized over seven years.
The fair value of the publicly-traded Convertible Senior Notes at June 30, 2008 is estimated at $286,011. This valuation is based on the average of the last trades during the quarter ended June 30, 2008. The sensitivity of the fair value of the Notes depends on external market factors, including the Company's underlying share price. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the Notes will not have a material impact on the Company's liquidity and capital resources.
On October 26, 2005, the Company entered into a five-year, Senior Secured Credit Facility with Bank of America N.A. The amount currently available under this facility is $75,000. As of June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility.
The Senior Secured Credit Facility is secured by the accounts receivable, inventory and certain fixed assets of the U.S. subsidiaries of the Company. The amount that is available to the Company to be borrowed is determined monthly based upon the calculation of a Borrowing Base. The interest rate that the Company would pay on outstanding amounts is based upon a spread over LIBOR or Base Rate. The spread ranges between 1.25% to 2.00% over LIBOR and 0.0% to 0.50% over the Base Rate. The determination of the spread is based upon the amount of availability under the facility with a lower spread payable based upon greater availability. As long as the Company does not have average availability less than $15,000 over a consecutive 10-day period, there are no financial covenants. In the event that the Company was to breach the availability threshold, the Company would be subject to a minimum Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio of 1:1. The Company was in compliance with these covenants at June 30, 2008.10.    Pension Plans and Postretirement Benefits
U.S.
The U.S. pension plan was frozen effective December 31, 2006.
15The net periodic benefit costs for the Company's pension plans and other postretirement plans are, as follows:
Pension BenefitsFor the Three Months 
Ended June 30,
PostretirementBenefits
For the Three Months
Ended June 30,2008
2007
2008
2007Service cost
$--
$--
$26
$32Interest cost
753
713
104
104Expected return on plan assets
(853)
(856)
--
--Amortization of prior service cost (income)
1
2
(68)
(34)Recognized net actuarial loss
4
3
67
79Net periodic benefit cost (income)
$(95)
$(138)
$129
$181
Pension BenefitsFor the Six Months 
Ended June 30,
PostretirementBenefits
For the Six Months
Ended June 30,2008
2007
2008
2007Service cost
$--
$--
$51
$64Interest cost
1,506
1,426
208
208Expected return on plan assets
(1,706)
(1,712)
--
--Amortization of prior service cost (income)
1
4
(68)
(68)Recognized net actuarial loss
5
6
135
158Net periodic benefit cost (income)
$(194)
$(276)
$326
$362During the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company contributed $210 and $623, respectively, to the U.S. pension plan. For the full year 2008, the Company expects to contribute approximately $950.
11. Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based compensation consists primarily of stock options and restricted stock.
Stock Options
Stock options are granted to employees with exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the Company's stock at the dates of grant. Generally, stock options granted to employees vest in 25% increments each year and are fully vested four years from the grant date and have a term of 10 years. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period of the individual grants, which generally equals the vesting period. The weighted average exercise price of options granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 was $25.41 and $24.22, respectively.
Changes in stock options outstanding for the six months ended June 30, 2008, are summarized as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2007
1,388,893Grants
849,024Exercises
(49,573)Forfeitures
(82,908)Balance at June 30, 2008
2,105,43616The Company recognized $1,604 and $527 of stock-based compensation expense for stock options for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company recognized $2,120 and $886 of stock-based compensation expense for stock options for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of June 30, 2008, the total remaining unamortized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options outstanding was $11,693.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
Compensation expense for restricted stock and restricted stock units (collectively, "restricted stock") is recorded based on the market value of the stock on the grant date. The fair value of restricted stock is recorded as deferred compensation (classified as additional paid in capital) at the time of grant, and amortized to expense over the requisite service period. The Company recognized $2,297 and $974 of stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company recognized $3,355 and $1,548 of stock-based compensation expense for restricted stock for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Total unamortized deferred compensation related to restricted stock was $10,337 at June 30, 2008.
12. Contingent Liabilities and Litigation
The Company is involved in various legal proceedings of a nature considered normal to its business. In the opinion of the Company, although the outcome of any legal proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, the ultimate liability of the Company in connection with the following legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, but could be material to the results of operations or cash flows in the period in which the resolution occurs.
It is the Company's policy to accrue for amounts related to these legal matters if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and an amount is reasonably estimable.
Chicken Litter LitigationThe Company is one of multiple defendants that have been named in several lawsuits which allege that one of its AH products causes chickens to produce manure that contains an arsenical compound which, when used as agricultural fertilizer by chicken farmers, degrades into inorganic arsenic and causes a variety of diseases in the plaintiffs (who allegedly live in close proximity to such farm fields). The Company has provided notice to its insurance carriers and its primary insurance carriers have responded by accepting their obligations to defend or pay the Company's defense costs, subject to reservation of rights to later reject coverage for these lawsuits. In addition, one of the Company's carriers has filed a Declaratory Judgment action in state court in which it has sought a ruling concerning the allocation of its coverage obligations to the Company among the Company's several insurance carriers and, to the extent the Company does not have full insurance coverage, to the Company. In addition, this Declaratory Judgment action requests that the Court rule that certain of the carrier's policies provide no coverage because certain policy exclusions allegedly operate to limit its coverage obligations under said policies. Furthermore, the Company's insurance carriers may take the position that some, or all, of the applicable insurance policies contain certain provisions that could limit coverage for future product liability claims arising in connection with such AH product sold on and after December 16, 2003.
In addition to the potential for personal injury damages to the approximately 152 plaintiffs, the plaintiffs are asking for punitive damages and requesting that the Company be enjoined from the future sale of the product at issue. In September 2006, in the first trial, which was brought by two plaintiffs, the Circuit Court of Washington County, Arkansas, Second Division, entered a jury 
17verdict in favor of the Company, which verdict was upheld on appeal in May 2008 by the Supreme Court of Arkansas. In its ruling, the Supreme Court of Arkansas also overturned the trial court's decision to dismiss certain poultry company co-defendants from the case. While the Company can give no assurance of the outcome of any future trial in this litigation, it believes that it will be able to continue to present credible scientific evidence that its product is not the cause of any injuries the plaintiffs may have suffered. There is also the possibility of an adverse customer reaction to the allegations in these lawsuits, as well as additional lawsuits in other jurisdictions where the product has been sold. Worldwide sales of this product were approximately $22,200 in 2006, $20,400 in 2007 and $9,879 in the first six months of 2008.
Brazilian Tax Claims
The Company is the subject of tax claims by the Brazilian authorities relating to sales and import taxes which aggregate approximately $14,000. The claims relate to the operations of the Company's AH business in Brazil since 1999. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses and intends to continue to vigorously defend its position against these claims.
Information Request
On February 28, 2007, the Company received a subpoena from the U.S. Department of Justice requesting certain documents in connection with its investigation into various marketing practices with respect to KADIAN capsules (KADIAN is a registered trademark of Alpharma Pharmaceuticals). The Company and its subsidiary, Alpharma Pharmaceuticals, have responded and are continuing to respond to this subpoena and are fully cooperating with the U.S. Department of Justice.
FLSA Class ActionA purported class action lawsuit has been filed with the United States District Court in New Jersey. The complaint alleges that, among other things, (i) over 200 of the Company's U.S. based Pharmaceuticals sales representatives were denied overtime pay, in violation of state and federal labor laws, by being paid for forty hour weeks even though they worked in excess of fifty-five hours per week, and (ii) the Company violated federal record-keeping requirements. Based upon the facts as presently known, the Company does not believe that it is likely that the class action will result in liability that would be material to the Company's financial position. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses and intends to vigorously defend its positions in this lawsuit. Numerous other pharmaceutical companies are defendants in similar lawsuits.
Average Wholesale Price LitigationThe Company, and in certain instances, Alpharma Pharmaceuticals, are defendants in various lawsuits in state, city and county courts, based upon allegations that fraudulent Average Wholesale Prices ("AWP") were reported primarily in connection with KADIAN capsules for varying numbers of years under governmental Medicaid reimbursement programs. The plaintiffs in these cases include state government entities that made Medicaid payments for the drug at issue based on AWP. These lawsuits vary with respect to the particular causes of action and relief sought. The relief sought in these lawsuits includes statutory causes of action including civil penalties and treble damages, common law causes of action, and declaratory and injunctive relief, including, in certain lawsuits, disgorgement of profits. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses and intends to vigorously defend its positions in these lawsuits. Numerous other pharmaceutical companies are defendants in similar lawsuits.
Other Commercial Disputes
18The Company is engaged in disputes with several suppliers, customers and distributors regarding certain obligations with respect to contracts under which the Company obtains raw materials and under which the Company supplies finished products. Management does not believe that the disputes in the aggregate will be material to the Company's financial position.
Any further responsibilities for substantially all of the material contingent liabilities related to the Generics business and the API business have been transferred to the respective purchasers of such businesses (Actavis or entities owned by Actavis, in the case of the Generics business, and certain affiliates of 3i, in the case of the API business) subject to certain representations or warranties made by the Company to such purchasers as part of the transactions to the extent such representations and warranties were incorrect. The Company has retained certain specified liabilities that it believes are not material to the Company and it is possible that the Company may be held responsible for certain liabilities of the Generics business and the API business that were transferred to the respective purchasers in the event such purchasers fail or are unable to satisfy such liabilities.
Other Litigation
The Company and its subsidiaries are, from time-to-time, involved in other litigation arising out of the ordinary course of business. It is the view of management, after consultation with counsel, that the ultimate resolution of all other pending suits on an individual basis should not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company.
13.   Comprehensive Income
SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income," requires foreign currency translation adjustments and certain other items, which were reported separately in stockholders' equity, to be included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). Included within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) as of June 30, 2008, are foreign currency translation adjustments and previously unrecognized actuarial gains and losses as a result of implementing SFAS No. 158, "Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and other Postretirement Plans."
The components of comprehensive income and accumulated other comprehensive income include:
Three Months Ended 
June 30,
Six Months Ended 
June 30,Other Comprehensive Income:
2008
2007
2008
2007Net Income
$(7,382)
$13,019
$163,730
$24,994Change in Foreign Currency Translation
(2,532)
(579)
(65,102)
2,144Change in unrealized gain on pension, net
37
4
37
136$(9,877)
$12,444
$98,665
$27,274
June 30,2008Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income:Cumulative translation adjustment
$8,520Prior service not yet recognized in cost
(26)Actuarial loss not yet recognized in cost, net
(3,203)$5,2921914.   Supplemental Data
Three Months Ended
Six Months EndedJune 30,
June 30,2008
2007
2008
2007Interest income (expense), net:Interest income
$4,317
$4,823
$7,102
$6,448Interest expense
(1,720)
(1,321)
(3,443)
(1,449)Amortization of debt issuance costs
(311)
(310)
(621)
(391)$2,286
$3,192
$3,038
$4,608Other income (expense), net:Foreign exchange gains (losses), net
$459
$669
$315
$1,060Other, net
51
(176)
2
(265)$510
$493
$317
$79515.    Business Segment Information
The Company's businesses are organized in two reportable segments, as follows:
PharmaceuticalsAnimal HealthThe operations of both segments are evaluated based on key financial metrics including revenue and operating income. Unallocated costs include corporate expenses for administration, finance, legal and certain unallocated expenses primarily related to stock-based compensation and other long-term incentive compensation, as well as certain costs related to business development activities and the implementation of a company-wide enterprise resource planning system.
Three Months Ended June 30,2008
2007
2008
2007Revenues
Operating Income (loss)Pharmaceuticals
$81,258
$42,561
$(5,103)
$3,064Animal Health
85,653
90,535
10,986
17,229Unallocated and eliminations
--
--
(11,095)
(13,417)$166,911
$133,096
$(5,212)
$6,876Six Months Ended June 30,2008
2007
2008
2007Revenues
Operating Income (loss)Pharmaceuticals (a)
$147,286
$77,064
$(54,215)
$947Animal Health
177,117
174,353
27,964
34,354Unallocated and eliminations
--
--
(21,240)
(24,013)$324,403
$251,417
$(47,491)
$11,288(a) Operating income (loss) in 2008 includes $37,000 in accrued research and development expenses related to the achievement of the first and second progress milestones related to the clinical advancement of ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel in March 2008.
20Item 2.     Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (In millions of dollars, except per share data)
Overview
We are a global specialty pharmaceutical company that develops, manufactures and markets pharmaceutical products for humans and animals. Our businesses are organized in two business segments, Pharmaceuticals and Animal Health ("AH"). We currently market two branded human pharmaceutical prescription products that are manufactured by third parties: an extended release morphine sulfate pain medication sold in the United States under the trademark KADIANand a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory ("NSAID") patch product marketed in the United States under the trademark FLECTOR. We manufacture and market animal health products, consisting primarily of medicated feed additives ("MFAs") and water soluble therapeutics for production animals; principally, poultry, cattle and swine.
On February 6, 2008, we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients ("API") business to certain investment funds managed by 3i, a global private equity and venture capital company, for $395.0 million. The transaction included the sale of manufacturing facilities in: Copenhagen, Denmark; Oslo, Norway; Budapest, Hungary; and Taizhou, China. The API business employed approximately 700 people, substantially all of whom were transferred with the business. The API sale closing occurred on April 1, 2008, with the transaction effective as of the close of business March 31, 2008.
The financial statements have been presented for all periods to classify the API business as a discontinued operation. We have reclassified the December 31, 2007 assets and liabilities of API as held for sale in the Consolidated Balance Sheet presented in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
In October 2007, our affiliate, Alpharma Ireland Limited, closed on an agreement with IDEA AG ("IDEA"), to license the exclusive U.S. rights to ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel, a prescription topical NSAID in Phase III clinical development. See Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
In September 2007, our affiliate, Alpharma Pharmaceuticals, closed on two license and distribution agreements with Institut Biochimique SA ("IBSA") to market two FDA approved products in the United States: the FLECTOR Patch and TIROSINT gel capsules. See Note 4 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Discontinued Operations
Effective March 31, 2008, we completed the sale of our API business and have classified the current year financial results, and reclassified the historical financial results of API, as results from discontinued operations. Reported financial results for API for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 are summarized below. Results in 2008 include the period from January 1, 2008 through March 31, 2008, the effective date of the transaction.

21 21(amounts in millions)
Six Months Ended
June 30,2008
2007Total revenues
$42.9
$96.1Operating income
$2.4
$22.7Income from discontinued operations, net of
   income taxes
$0.7
$15.9In the first quarter of 2008, we recorded an estimated net after-tax gain on the sale of the API business of $209.5 million. The final purchase price, and therefore the gain, is subject to adjustment based on the closing net cash balance and working capital of the business, as defined in the divestiture agreement. The estimated net after-tax gain for the three months ended June 30, 2008, includes a net loss of $6.5 million, principally related to adjustments to previously recorded gains on sales of discontinued operations. These adjustments are primarily attributable to foreign exchange and certain transaction-related costs and adjustments.
See Note 3 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Results of Continuing Operations - Three months ended June 30, 2008Total revenues increased 25.4% for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, compared to the same quarter of 2007. We reported a second quarter 2008 operating loss of $(5.2) million compared to $6.9 million of operating income in 2007. Diluted (loss) per share was $(0.02) for the three months ended June 30, 2008, compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.13 for the three months ended June 30, 2007.
The following summarizes revenues and operating income (loss) by segment:
Three Months Ended June 30,
Revenues

Operating Income (Loss)2008
2007
%
2008
2007
%Pharmaceuticals
$81.3
$42.6
90.8%
$(5.1)
$3.1
N/MAnimal Health
85.6
90.5
(5.4)%
11.0
17.2
(36.0)%Unallocated and Eliminations
--
--
--
(11.1)
(13.4)
17.2%Total
$166.9
$133.1
25.4%
$(5.2)
$6.9
N/M


N/M - Not meaningful

Revenues:
Pharmaceuticals revenues ncreased $38.7 million, or 90.8%, to $81.3 million in the second quarter of 2008, compared to $42.6 million in the second quarter of 2007. The revenue growth was principally attributable to the January 2008 launch of the FLECTOR Patch. Second quarter 2008 FLECTOR Patch revenues totaled $37.7 million, primarily reflecting second quarter prescription demand, as well as additional stocking of the distribution channel. The remainder,
21 22$1.0 million, of the year-over-year increase in Pharmaceutical revenues relates to sales of KADIAN Capsules which was primarily attributable to increased prescription demand.
AH revenues decreased $4.9 million, or 5.4%, to $85.6 million in the second quarter of 2008, compared to $90.5 million in the second quarter of 2007. Translation of revenues into U.S. dollars increased AH revenues by approximately $2.8 million compared to the second quarter of 2007. Excluding the year-over-year effects of currency, AH revenues decreased 8.5% versus the prior year. Second quarter Animal Health revenues reflect the adverse effects that significantly rising commodity costs are having on our customers. This resulted in decreased demand for our U.S. livestock products in the second quarter of 2008. This decline in U.S. livestock product revenues was partially offset by increased international market sales in the European, Asian and Latin American regions.
Gross Profit:
On a consolidated basis, gross profit in the second quarter of 2008 increased $25.1 million compared to the second quarter of 2007. As a percentage of revenue, overall gross profit margin was 64.7% in the second quarter of 2008, versus 62.2% in the second quarter of 2007. The year-over-year increase in gross profit margin is attributable to the higher revenue growth from our higher gross margin Pharmaceuticals business.
Operating Expenses:
On a consolidated basis, selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses in the second quarter of 2008 increased $35.5 million, compared to the second quarter of 2007. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense increased to 57.5% in the second quarter of 2008, from 45.5% in the second quarter of 2007. The increase principally relates to the sales force expansion and other investments required in our Pharmaceuticals business to support the January 2008 launch of the FLECTOR Patch and the growing business.
Research and development expenses increased $0.8 million in the second quarter of 2008 compared to 2007. As a percentage of revenue, R&D expense decreased to 10.2% in the second quarter of 2008 versus 12.3% in the second quarter of 2007, primarily due to increased sales in the second quarter of 2008 versus the same period of 2007.
Asset impairments and other (income) expense amounted to $1.0 of income million in the second quarter of 2007, and consisted of facility exit cost adjustments and asset sales related to previously closed AH facilities.

21 23Operating Income:
Operating income ("OI") decreased $12.1 million in the second quarter of 2008 as compared to the second quarter of 2007. The change in operating income is summarized, as follows:
Pharmaceuticals
AH
Corporate/Unallocated
Total2007 as reported
$3.1
$17.2
$(13.4)
$6.9Research and development
0.2
(1.0)
--
(0.8)(Increase)/decrease in SG&A
(36.9)
(0.9)
2.3
(35.5)Facility exit cost adjustments and asset sales in 2007
--
(1.0)
--
(1.0)Net OI increase (decrease) due to volume, price, new products, costs, and foreign exchange
28.5
(3.3)
--
25.22008 as reported
$(5.1)
$11.0
$(11.1)
$(5.2)Interest income (expense), net:
An analysis of the components of interest income and interest expense is, as follows:
Three Months Ended
June 30,2008
2007Interest income
$4.3
$4.8Interest expense
(1.7)
(1.3)Amortization of debt issuance costs
(0.3)
(0.3)$2.3
$3.2Interest income:Interest income for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 decreased by $0.5 million as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2007, due to lower interest rates on cash investments, partially offset by higher cash and cash equivalent balances on hand.
Interest expense:
Interest expense increased by $0.4 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, as compared to the second quarter of 2007, primarily attributable to interest on outstanding borrowings under our China Credit facility in the second quarter of 2008. See Note 9 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

21 24Other income (expense), net:
A detail of Other income (expense), net follows:
Three Months Ended
June 30,2008
2007Foreign exchange gains (losses), net
$0.4
$0.7Other, net
0.1
(0.2)$0.5
$0.5Tax Provision
Our effective tax rate ("ETR") is dependent on many factors including: a) the impact of enacted tax laws in jurisdictions in which we operate; b) the amount of earnings by jurisdiction, due to varying tax rates in each country; and c) our ability to utilize various tax losses and credits.
The tax provision (benefit) for continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2008 was a benefit of $1.6 million on a pre-tax loss of $2.4 million.
Results of Continuing Operations - Six months ended June 30, 2008Total revenues increased 29.0% for the first six months of 2008 compared to the same period of 2007. We reported an operating loss of $47.5 million for the first six months of 2008, compared to $11.3 million of operating income in 2007. Diluted loss per share was $0.92 for the six months ended June 30, 2008, compared to diluted earnings per share of $0.21 for the six months ended June 30, 2007. Results for the six months ended June 30, 2008 include $37.0 million of research and development expense associated with the achievement, in March 2008, of the first and second progress milestones related to the clinical advancement of ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel.
The following summarizes revenues and operating income (loss) by segment:
Six Months Ended June 30,
Revenues

Operating Income (Loss)2008
2007
%
2008
2007
%Pharmaceuticals
$147.3
$77.1
91.1%
$(54.2)
$1.0
N/MAnimal Health
177.1
174.3
1.6%
27.9
34.4
(18.9)%Unallocated and Eliminations
--
--
--
(21.2)
(24.1)
12.0%Total
$324.4
$251.4
29.0%
$(47.5)
$11.3
N/MN/M - Not meaningful

Revenues:
Pharmaceuticals revenues increased $70.2 million, or 91.1%, to $147.3 million in the first six months of 2008, compared to $77.1 million in the first six months of 2007. The revenue growth was principally attributable to the January 2008 launch of the FLECTOR Patch. FLECTOR Patch revenues totaled $62.0 million for the first six months of 2008. The remainder, $8.225million, of the year-over-year increase in Pharmaceutical revenues relates to sales of KADIAN Capsules driven by higher year-over-year pricing and increased volumes.
AH revenues increased $2.8 million, or 1.6%, to $177.1 million in the first six months of 2008, compared to $174.3 million in the first six months of 2007. Translation of revenue into U.S. dollars increased AH revenue by approximately $5.1 million compared to the first six months of 2007. Excluding the year-over-year effects of currency, AH revenue decreased 1.3% versus the prior year. The decrease in revenue primarily reflects lower year-over-year sales in the U.S. livestock markets, partially offset by increased international market sales in the European, Asian and Latin American regions.
Gross Profit:
On a consolidated basis, gross profit in the first six months of 2008 increased $51.9 million compared to the first six months of 2007. As a percentage of revenue, overall gross profit margin was 63.9% in the first six months of 2008, versus 61.7% in the first six months of 2007. The year-over-year increase in gross profit margin is attributable to the higher revenue growth from our higher gross margin Pharmaceuticals business.
Operating Expenses:
On a consolidated basis, selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses in the first six months of 2008 increased $70.6 million, compared to the first six months of 2007. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expense increased to 57.4% in the first six months of 2008, from 46.0% in the comparable period of 2007. The increase principally relates to the sales force expansion and other investments required in our Pharmaceuticals business to support the January 2008 launch of the FLECTOR Patch and the growing business.
Research and development expenses increased $37.1 million in the first six months of 2008 compared to 2007, due to the $37.0 million of research and development expense in the Pharmaceuticals business associated with the achievement, in March 2008, of the first and second progress milestones related to the clinical advancement of ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel. Excluding the $37.0 million in progress milestones, R&D expense was 9.6% of revenues in the first six months of 2008, compared to 12.4% for the first six months of 2007. The decline in R&D expense as a percentage of revenues reflects increased revenues in the first six months of 2008, versus the same period of 2007.
Asset impairments and other (income) expense amounted to $3.1 million of income in the first half of 2007, and consisted of facility exit cost adjustments and asset sales related to previously closed AH facilities.26Operating Income:
Operating income ("OI") decreased $58.8 million in the first six months of 2008 as compared to 2007. The change in operating income is summarized, as follows:
Pharmaceuticals
AH
Corporate/Unallocated
Total2007 as reported
$1.0
$34.4
$(24.1)
$11.3Research and development:- Progress milestones to IDEA AG
(37.0)
--
--
(37.0)- Other research and development
1.6
(1.7)
--
(0.1)(Increase)/decrease in SG&A
(71.9)
(1.5)
2.8
(70.6)Facility exit cost adjustments and asset sales in 2007
--
(3.1)
--
(3.1)Net OI increase (decrease) due to volume, price, new products, costs, and foreign exchange
52.2
(0.2)
--
52.02008 as reported
$(54.1)
$27.9
$(21.3)
$(47.5)Interest income (expense), net:
An analysis of the components of interest income and interest expense is, as follows:
Six Months Ended
June 30,2008
2007Interest income
$7.1
$6.4Interest expense
(3.5)
(1.4)Amortization of debt issuance costs
(0.6)
(0.4)$3.0
$4.6Interest income:Interest income for the six months ended June 30, 2008 increased by $0.7 million as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2007, primarily due to higher average cash and cash equivalent balances on hand, partially offset by lower interest rates on cash investments.
Interest expense:
Interest expense and amortization of debt issuance costs increased by $2.3 million for the first six months of 2008, as compared to the first six months of 2007, primarily attributable to a full six months of interest expense in 2008 related to the convertible debt issued in March 2007, and six months of interest on outstanding borrowings under our China Credit facility initiated in the second quarter of 2007. See Note 9 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included in Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

27Other income (expense), net:
A detail of Other income (expense), net follows:
Six Months Ended
June 30,2008
2007Foreign exchange gains (losses), net
$0.3
$1.1Other, net
--
(0.3)$0.3
$0.8Tax Provision:
Our effective tax rate ("ETR") is dependent on many factors including: a) the impact of enacted tax laws in jurisdictions in which we operate; b) the amount of earnings by jurisdiction, due to varying tax rates in each country; and c) our ability to utilize various tax losses and credits.
The tax provision (benefit) for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was a benefit of $4.2 million on a pre-tax loss of $44.2 million. Our six months ended June 30, 2008 results include $37.0 million of research and development expenses accrued by our Irish subsidiary for the first and second progress milestones related to the clinical advancement of ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel. We are recording a deferred tax asset for the future potential tax benefits associated with these research and development expenses and we are recording a corresponding valuation allowance for this deferred tax asset, as our Irish subsidiary is a start-up operation for a product in development, and we presently have no basis to conclude it is more likely than not that this deferred tax asset will be realized.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
At June 30, 2008, we had $606.8 million in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include institutional money market funds and bank time deposits. All investments are highly liquid and, therefore, available to us on a daily basis. Our cash and cash equivalents are available for, but not limited to, business development opportunities, our previously announced share repurchase program, as well as for general corporate purposes. Interest income earned on cash investments was $7.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Our total outstanding debt at June 30, 2008, was $306.0 million, consisting primarily of $300 million of Convertible Senior Notes, due March 2027. Interest expense, including amortization of debt issue costs, for the six months ended June 30, 2008, was $4.1 million.
Including our discontinued operations, cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was $36.0 million, compared to $35.3 million of cash provided by operations for the first six months of 2007. Cash used in operating activities during the first six months of 2008 includes the $37.0 of progress milestone payments related to the clinical advancement of ketoprofen in TRANSFERSOME gel. During the first six months of 2008, we made net cash tax payments of $3.7 million compared to net cash tax payments of $0.1 million during the six months of 2007.
Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $368.4 and $(31.1), respectively. Cash flows provided by investing activities include $384.5 million of proceeds from the sale of the API business. Cash flows provided by28(used in) investing activities included capital expenditures of $16.1 and $20.3 in the first six months of 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 were $(29.1) million and $300.5 million, respectively. Cash flows used in financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 include $26.4 million used to repurchase 1,107,179 shares of our common stock in open market purchases. During the period from July 1, 2008 through July 29, 2008, we purchased an additional 1,416,500 shares of our common stock for $33.1 million. Cash flows from financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2007 include the net proceeds of $292.8 million from the issuance of our $300 million Convertible Senior Notes.
Working capital at June 30, 2008 was $657.2 million compared to $377.3 million at December 31, 2007. Working capital is defined as current assets less current liabilities. The increase in working capital is primarily related to the $384.5 million we received from the purchaser of our API business on April 1, 2008, partially offset by our milestone payments and share repurchases.
Stockholders' equity at June 30, 2008 was $813.4 million compared to $731.1 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in Stockholders' equity at June 30, 2008 resulted primarily from the recognition of the gain on the sale of the API divestiture, partially offset by the net loss from continuing operations for the first six months of 2008. At June 30, 2008, Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income decreased $65.0 million, to $5.3 million, from $70.3 million at December 31, 2007, due primarily to the portion of cumulative translation adjustment that was attributable to the API divestiture.29Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure - This information is included in Item 7a of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company has implemented and maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's ("SEC") rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure. The disclosure controls and procedures involve participation by various individuals in the Company having access to material information relating to the operations of the Company. It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met. In addition, the design of any control system is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events.
The Company's CEO and CFO completed an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Rule 13a-15 as of June 30, 2008. Based on this evaluation, they concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 2008.
(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
On April 1, 2008, the Company closed on the sale of its Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients business with the transaction effective as of the close of business on March 31, 2008. In connection with the closing, the Company partitioned API from its enterprise resource planning ("ERP") and certain other information systems. There have been no other changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting during the three-months ended June 30, 2008, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.----------
Statements made in this Form 10-Q, are forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements involve certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward looking statements. Information on other important potential risks and uncertainties not discussed herein may be found in the Company's filings with the SEC including its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.30PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
See Note 12 to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of material developments in the Company's legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
In addition to the other information set forth in this Report, see also the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007. The risks discussed in the Annual Report on Form 10-K could materially affect the Company's business, financial condition and future results. The risks described in the Annual Report on Form 10-K are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Company, or that the Company currently deems to be immaterial, also may materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition or operating results. There have been no material changes in the Company's risk factors as set forth in its Annual Report on Form 10-K.Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsThis table provides certain information with respect to the Company's purchases of shares of its common stock during the second fiscal quarter of 2008:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities(a) (dollar amounts in thousands, except amounts per share):Period
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plan
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plan(b)April 1, 2008, through
April 30, 2008
--
N/A
--
$--May 1, 2008, through
May 31, 2008
20,000
$25.69
20,000
--June 1, 2008, through
June 30, 2008
1,087,179
$23.79
1,087,179
--Total
1,107,179
$23.83
1,107,179
$123,597
(a)
On April 14, 2008, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program, authorizing the Company to buy back up to $150 million of the Company's common stock. According to the program, share repurchases take place on the open market from time-to-time based on market conditions. The repurchase program began in May 2008 and has a maximum duration of twenty-four months. Any shares acquired will be available for general corporate purposes.(b)
Net of commissions paid to the Company's agent.31Item 4.  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
The shareholders of the Company voted on four items at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 8, 2008:
1.
Election of six directors to the Company's Board of Directors, each to hold office until the 2009 Annual Meeting2.
Approval of the amendment and restatement of the Alpharma Inc. 2003 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan to, among other things, increase the total number of shares available for issuance3.
Approval of the amendment and restatement of the Alpharma Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan to, among other things, increase the total number of shares available for issuance4.
Ratification of the appointment of BDO Seidman, LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the 2008 fiscal yearThe nominees for director were elected based upon the following votes:
Nominee
Votes For
Votes WithheldFinn Berg Jacobsen
33,455,815
5,192,250Peter W. Ladell
31,393,043
7,255,022Dean J. Mitchell
33,517,965
5,130,100Ramon M. Perez
31,330,437
7,317,627Peter G. Tombros
30,404,432
8,243,633David C. U'Prichard
21,516,051
17,132,014The proposal relating to the amendment and restatement of the Alpharma Inc. 2003 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan received the following votes:
Votes for approval
33,562,199Votes against
2,698,359Abstentions
18,164Broker non-votes
2,369,343The proposal relating to the approval of the amendment and restatement of the Alpharma Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan received the following votes:
Votes for approval
35,590,740Votes against
628,982Abstentions
59,000Broker non-votes
2,369,34332The proposal to ratify the appointment of BDO Seidman, LLP as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the 2008 fiscal year received the following votes:
Votes for approval
38,622,322Votes against
17,040Abstentions
8,703Broker non-votes
0Item 6. Exhibits31.1 Certification by the Chief Executive Officer under Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2 Certification by the Chief Financial Officer under Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32 Certifications by the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

33SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Alpharma Inc.(Registrant)Date: July 30, 2008
/s/ Jeffrey S. CampbellJeffrey S. Campbell
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerDate: July 30, 2008
/s/ Donald I. BuzinkaiDonald I. Buzinkai
Vice President, Controller and Principal Accounting Officer

34