“O3NT@HOD WA ONY ‘ABN “W14 /Z
“SNWO1 G3N33GIUNN YO4 JONVMOTIY ON HLIM BZ6L_ SL Udy OL FOvUIAY /E
“SNVO7 G3WI3CRUNN YOF JONYMOTIY S3ONIONI /2

“31v8 AHOI3M L3N 91-08p V NO O3S¥8 Ad /L

299°@9S"¢ 6" ps2"e fat 199 6yesse‘bL 895° 94S OL 2°68€ ‘pL g7oss*Ol =: NOLLOD TW S.A
¥0S‘Ly 196°LE 2°88 0° POL l92*2ue 296°€9 22k o°¥9 : WWId-UaWY SA.
ple‘pL 9Sl'b 2°58 Ordtt £80‘ 2b 208‘OL O's€ vl : bere
2ve's gle 06 0°S0L 620°S LEZ oral 279 : X3H_N
98 6b £768 0201 0 0 2 ie : d1W2
298° Le 129° v2 £768 o°20L 6p ‘So 28¢ ‘0S 0°99 £°0S : ———Z1uy

: WaT d= aan
BLL“L2S"€ 166°222'E vrs g'e9 B80°92"pl 909° ZLS“OL 0° L22‘ PL gr9ls*Ol aNyTdl $A
29 £02 o'et orze ser's/b evv‘oL/y e s : YA
Le6‘282*L 918 °L6 6p 919 0€8'pzy'S gov‘soe‘e gav's Lore x31
2528S v6v'69 o°e8b greg 0€6*ES2 vel’See 952 822 of NBL
28°12 vl2'9p Les 9°99 062‘80L 202‘ orl 60l Sol : 2S
820°96 v2e"Ls U'9b ug Lez‘ zeb 696°¥2L 9b sZt v0
182i 5's 70S O'bL 6EL*ES $6982 &s can IN
896'0b 025‘t2 ores 0°02 €82°€41 SLy50L (9 od : KWAN
seb us onus 0°0L ly ly ol “te : ABN
82°65 988° 9b oes 2°65 666° LE2 189° LoL Ste SOL OW
265°Olr SLL" OEE 0°2s S19 £E9% pb9°L 168" ZvL‘t Sb9"L USL'L ssiW
62E‘6St $80°691 9°05 1:69 24g%8s9 seLtsss 999 egg v1
191 Elz o'sy "89 vy hy Lc L ry
(09°6t zc e9 8'6r 2:99 EVEL 625°961 28 661 ‘)
bye") 659°2 o's 62h ty nh Ss aL : vid
aps‘ zee £6808 £95 6°19 £04 ‘608 °2 96 ‘2602 062 §2 2ap°2 : lwo
€2€ ‘092 app‘ 622 9°25 9719 82‘ 8E0°L pol ‘6LL SEO‘L 9LL : wy
029° 682 $00°2s2 9°95 2799 2b '2S0°L loz‘2z8 oot v8 Th
pe9°29 £9S‘OLL Uae 0°99 Ely 'BL2 LEL*LSE Lee 6ve 5 cal

: anvran

SuvTiod_000't SIN30 sia $31¥8 000°L :
Ta ee : geet; LBL 1 9t6L Soy
71 NOtLonaod r a =~ (EHOT3M L3N 81-08b) SNSNID = Salva LHOTaM 13N As
40 30°WA AV annOd 3d 391dd sag qaiyodad sy GaNNIO S37vA qi-0sy NI_NOLLINGOYe

2261 ONY 9261 “NOTLINGOYs 30 3NTVA
QNY SYIWHvs AG O3AIR0IY IT¥d JOWYIAY NOSW3S “GINNID SIWG ‘NOILINGOYd +NOLLOD

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA

20

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978


CITRUS FRUIT Vv

PRODUCTION z PRODUCTION
cROP BOXES ’ TON EQUIVALENT
AND UTILIZED tINDICATED? UTILIZEO: TINOICATEO:

STATE 1975~76 t 1976977 8 1977+78 § 1975-76 1 1976-77 + 1977-78
000 UNITS 2/7 29000 UNITS

ORANGES sEARLY MIO & NAVEL ”

:
t
i
1
1
4
ARIZ ' 730 800 820 27 30 31
CALIF , 28+300 25600 199500 15061 960 731
Fla ' 985600 115%000 88+300 49446: Sol?5 39974
TEX aft 39700 49400 39800 157 187 162
us + 1315530 1454800 1120420 59691 60352 40898
ORANGES » VALENCIA t
ARIZ : 12950 39300 73 118 124
CALIF , 245500 249000 919 788 900
FLA ’ 826400 800000 39708 39231 39600
TEX t 20400 29300 102 106 98
us t 1119250 1099600 40802 4r2h3 49722
ALL ORANGES '
ARIZ : 24680 49120 100 148 155°
CALIF: ' 52-800 439500 19980 19748 19631
Fla § 1816200 168300 89156. 89406 795T%
TEX : 69100 69900 69100 259 293 260
us © 2629760 2444250 2229020 100693 109595 9,620
Temrues '
Fu, ‘ 5500 39800 41900 248 wm 22.
GRABEFRUIT WHITE SEEDLESS +
Fla ' 285300 299900 299000 19203 19271 19233.
GRAPEFRUIT»PINK SEEOLESS '
Fla ' 13,000 120500 139000 $s3 S531 553
GRAPEFRUIT» OTHER '
Fla ' 7800 99100 8+500 332 387 361
ALL GRAPEFRUIT '
ARIZ ' 3080 3,000 29900 99 %6 93
caute ‘
OESERT t 49100 41500 49200 131 146 134
OTHER AREAS 4 35100 39100 39500 104 104 17
TOTAL! ' 7200 00 79700 235 246 251
Fla : 49,100 Ss 00 500500 25088 29189 20147
TEX : 109700 122400 119500 428 496 460
us ' 70,080 744500 729600 29850 39029 2095)
TANGERINES ’
ARIZ ast 660 650 700 25 cia 26
CALIF: ast 19300 19820 19900 Aaa 668 71
FLA ' 39400 39300 39200 162 157 152.
us t 5+360 59776 59600 236 4g 249
LEMONS - ot
ARIZ aft 20420 59700 92 190 217
CALIF ' 154200 20+000 578 783 760
us : 179620 259700 670 973 OTT
TANGELOS: .
Fa i S$s500 49800 41900 248 2%6 221

1/ THE CROP YEAR BEGINS WITH THE BLOOM OF: THE FIRST YEAR
SHOWN ANO ENOS WITH YEAR) HARVEST IS COMPLETED.

2/ NET LBS PER BOX! ORANGES=CALIF! & ARIZ+759FLA=909
TEX=855 GRAPEFRUIT=CALIFI OESERT & ARIZ=660 CALIF
OTHER=67+ FLACES» TEX©605 LEMONS=763 TANGELOS &
TEMPLES-90) TANGERINES= CALIF & ARIZ=75» FLA-9S,

3/ NAVEL) AND MISCELLANEOUS VARIETIES IN CALTFORNIA AND
ARIZONA, EARLY AND MIOSEASON VARIETIES IN FLORIDA AND
TEXAS» INCLUDING: SMALL QUANTITIES OF: TANGERINES IN
TEXAS,

4¢ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR! CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 14 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


INDEX

PAGE
ALMONDS 2. ee ee es 12
BANANAS 2 2. ee ee ee ee ee ee 12
CITRUS FRUIT 2 ee ee ee ee 13
COTTN 2. ee ee 18
HAY STOCKS 2... 2. ee ee 1
PAPAYAS 2 2. ee es 12
PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITION MAPS... ..... 3
PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITION TABLE ....... u
PEACHES . 2. 1 2. we ee 12
PEANUTS, MONTHLY MARKETING WEIGHTS ......... 22
POTATOES 2. ee ee ee ee es 14
ar 12
TOBACCO BY STATES... 2... 2-2. ee eee eee 15
TOBACCO BY CLASS AND TYPE... 2.2... 2.2 eee 16
TOBACCO, MONTHLY MARKETING WEIGHTS -......... 22
U.S. SUMMARY 2. ee ee 2
WINTER WHEAT 2 oe ee ee ee ee eee 10

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 24 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


Plowing and disking advanced very slowly; many farmers in the Corn Belt had only 1 to 3 days
per week suitable for fieldwork. In the South growers enjoyed more favorable conditions and
usually had 3 to 6 days per week suitable for land preparation and planting during April. By
the end of April, plowing in the north central States ranged from 5 to 70 percent complete. Last
year's range was 40 to 100 percent and the average ranged from 35 to 95 percent,

Farmers had planted 10 percent of the Nation's corn by April 30, Most major Corn Belt States
planted 5 percent or less; only Ohio reached 15 percent. Corn growers seeded 32 percent of the
acreage by the end of April last year and on the average reached 21 percent. The late winter,
unseasonally low temperatures, and a heavy Snow melt which added moisture to already wet soils,
all delayed early spring fieldwork.

Corn planting in eastern north central States stood at 5 percent on April 30, significantly
behind 1977's 29 percent and the 19 percent average. Most States ranged from 1 to 5 percent
except Ohio's 15 percent. A notable difference was Illinois at 5 percent compared with 49 percent
in 1977. In the western north central States, seeding reached only 2 percent by the end of April,
well below last year's 27 percent and the 14 percent average, Most States stood at 5 percent or
less; the exceptions were Missouri at 9 percent and Kansas at 15 percent. lJowa farmers planted
virtually no corn but last year had attained 40 percent by April 30, Progress in southern States
at about 80 percent was reasonably close to last year's rate and the average.

Cotton planting in the 11 southern States advanced to 29 percent, surpassing both last year's
24 percent and the 23 percent average. Texas, Louisiana and Mississippi exceeded the historic
figures while the other States lagged last year and average. Low soil temperatures and rains in
some areas delayed planting operations. Texas cotton planting reached 26 percent, double 1977's
13 percent and significantly above the 17 percent average. Planting advanced into the Texas
Plains area. In western production areas New Mexico growers reached the halfway mark,

Spring wheat seeding in the 5 major producing States reached 10 percent; an early spring in
1977 helped producers attain 70 percent by April 30. The average for this date is 43 percent.
The two largest spring wheat producing States, North Dakota and Minnesota, did not attain
one-tenth the progress of 1977 because of a late winter, lingering low temperatures and wet soils.
Oats seeding fared na better and progress by April 30 ranged from 2 percent in North Dakota, 10
percent in Minnesota, 20 percent in South Dakota, and 25 percent in Wisconsin to 63 percent in
Towa.

Soybean seeding was just getting started in the south central States; progress ranged from 3
to 6 percent on April 30, slightly behind last year. A few early fields were also planted in
Ohio and Missouri,

Sorghum planting advanced into Oklahoma where growers seeded a few early fields, but most
activity centered in Texas during April. By the end of April, Texas planting advanced into the
northern Plains and state-wide progress stood at 66 percent, exceeding 1977's 56 percent and the
61 percent average.

Rice seeding was ahead of last year and the average except Arkansas, at 60 percent, lagged
1977 by 8 points. Mississippi and Louisiana, at 86 and 87 percent respectively, exceeded 1977 by
about 10 points. Texas growers almost finished seeding rice and began permanently flooding fields
at the end of April.

WINTER WHEAT: Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.28 billion bushels (35.0 million metric

tons} based on conditions May 1. This is 16 percent less than last year's crop of
1.53 billion bushels (41.6 million metric tons). Prospective production of winter wheat declined
3 percent from the December 1, 1977 forecast, largely as a result of dry soil conditions in the
Southern Plains and excess moisture and winter damage in the soft red winter wheat area.

Yield per harvested acre is forecast at 32.5 bushels per acre based on May 1 conditions.
This compares with last year's crop average of 31.5 bushels per acre. Yield comparisons with a
year ago by areas show higher expected yields in the Central and Northern Plains while in drought
Plagued Southern Plains lower yields are expected, The Pacific Northwest States expect higher
yields after last year's severe drought. The major soft red winter growing area expects lower
average yields as a result of the wet fall conditions which have extended on through winter and
spring. Moisture which began falling in the dry Southern Plains about May J may have been too
late for some of that area but should provide a boost to the crop in dryer areas of western
Oklahoma and Kansas, and eastern Colorado.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 5 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



COTTONSEED: PRODUCTION AND FARM DISPOSITION, 1976 AND 1977 1/

FARM OISPOSTTION

STATE PRODUCTION
THOUSAND TONS
ALA : 129 105 118 98 u 7 5.3 4.3
ARIZ : 347 445 319 391 28 54 5.8 6.8
ARK : 294 400 270 375 24 25 13.3 12.2
CALIF > 1,036 1,100 980 1,035 56 65 18.9 19.9
FLA : 2.8 2.3 2.0 2.2 8 a) al al
GA : 70 30 64 27 6 3 3.2 2.2
kY : 3 3 3 3 y 4/ 4/ 4/
LA : 205 251 190 244 we 7 6.0 5.0
MISS : 432 610 399 580 33 30 18.3 20.3
MO : 67 94 60 86 7 8 4.9 4.4
NEV : 7 7 7 6 ¥ ad 4 4)
N MEX : 29 68 25 64 4 +5 2.1
NC : 25 19 23 18 2 1 8 7
OKLA : 67 165 56 148 u WV 5.6 5.8
sc : 55 42 51 40 4 2 1.8 1.4
TENN : 1 100 84 95 7 5 4.1 3.9
TEX : 1,271 2,089 1,126 1,862 145 227 91,7 85.7
vA : 2 a a a Yd vy Yd y
us : 4,122.0 5,521.4 3,768.1 5,066.2 353.9 455.2 181.4 174.9
COTTONSEED: SEASON AVERAGE PRICE RECEIVED BY FARMERS, VALUE OF PRODUCTION, AND
VALUE OF SALES TO OIL MILLS, 1976 AND 1977 CROPS 1/
STATE PRICE PER TON VALUE OF PRODUCTION * VALUE OF SALES TO OIL MILLS
e = 1977 Fae 218 = T977 :___1976 177
DOLLARS 1,000 DOLLARS 1,000 DOLLARS
ALA + 104.00 69.50 13,416 7,298 12,272 6,811
ARIZ > 105.00 75.00 36,435 33,375 33,495 29, 325
ARK : 105.00 72.50 30,870 29,000 28,350 27,188
CALIF : 108.00 76.00 171,888 83,600 105,840 78,660
FLA 2 116.00 77.00 325 VW 232 169
GA : 98.50 59.00 6,895 1,770 6,304 1,593
ky : 106.00 74,00 32 22 32 22
LA : 103.00 73.50 21,115 18,449 19,570 17,934
MISS : 106.00 77.00 45,792 46,970 42,294 44,660
MO : 99.00 66.00 6,633 6,204 5,940 5,676
NEV : 105.00 78.00 74 55 74 47
N MEX : 102.00 66.00 2,958 4,488 2,550 4,224
NC : 99.00 65.00 2,475 1,235 2,277 1,170
OKLA : 102.00 63.00 6,834 10,395 5,712 9,326
sc : 99.00 68.00 5,445 2,856 5,049 2,720
TENN : 106.00 74.00 9,646 7,400 8,904 7,030
TEX : 98.00 65.50 124,558 136,830 110,348 121,961
VA + 100.00 71.00 20 7 10 7
us : 103.00 71.00 425,411 390,131 389,253 358,521

T7 T1977 CROP PRELIMINARY.

¥ INCLUDES PLANTING SEED, EXPORTS, INTER-FARM SALES, SHRINKAGE, LOSSES ANO OTHER USES,
¥ INCLUDED IN "OTHER" FARM DISPOSITION, PLANTING SEED FROM PREVIOUS YEARS' CROP.

3/ VA, KY AND NEV COMBINED.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 al CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


FARM MARKETINGS OF TOBACCO, BY STATES, 1977 CROP YEAR, PERCENT BY MONTHS

STATE : JUL :AUG :SEP :OCT :NDY :DEC :JAN :FEB:MAR:APR :MAY :JUN :JUL AUG :SEP :0CT :NOV :DEC

CLASS-FLUE CURED:
ALA 2100

Fl : 32 49
GA 221 43
N : 4 32
sc 213° 41
VA : 19

CLASS-FIRE CURED:
KY H

TENN :
VA :

CLASS-AIR CURED :

28
16
33

45 28
57 28
18

J/ MD SALES ARE NOT COMPLETE FOR THE 1977 CROP.

FARM MARKETINGS OF PEANUTS FOR NUTS, BY STATES, 1977

CROP YEAR, PERCENT BY MONTHS

STATE : AUG SEP ocT 3 NOV DEC : JAN
ALA 24 70 5 1
FLA 33 60 6 1
GA : 42 52 5 1
N MEX 33 49 18
NC 9 77 13 1
OKLA : 43 42 15
TEX 19 32 26 20 3
VA 67 19 9 5
CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 23 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



“U9 JdAL 3GNTONI LON $300 /G *addvUM G3YNI-FY]S SHON TONI /p “SNOTLYYACO WNGIAIONI JO 4WSOISIO GIOAY OL O3IHSITANd LON /E
“BL61 ‘OL ISNONY “NOILINGOYd dOwD NI_OIHSITENd
3d TIM ANY JT SNOTSIAZY-B26L_AMWANYE SAUYWHNS TWANNY NOLLINGGed dOYD WOUS UVMOS OITWYWD SILYWLISA NOTLONGOYd ONY IIIA ‘39VSUIY_/T

"y AVW HONOWHL S37YS NOILOAY 40 JDVUBAV FHL ‘ONNOd Yad SINS) 9°8LL

Av C3LvnTvAa /2

eli Se2°e/s €ectore 6 9UL/S Saul CBL*2te L Gze'SEl "2 ESL Shoe  0S9°LS6 OZS*bOO'L: ooavEoL TY
06L Lt 0091 orost = 6LL 86 038 002 Obl opl "1
ANDINad VNVISINOT ‘ZZ 3dAL
. ‘ . + 990WA0L DLLS3HOG ISIN *¢ SSYTD
Lestey ainaed 69 S92T 88619 geztog «= wEB T= OEL'T. = asotze olstze 29-Up WLOL
‘ . . SAdAL UWOID TY
216 L10°8e aut 282s 262"S BOIL = LYST «= G9G"T —OzbTE = 009"F 29-19 TYLOL
: Fes a
: vo
216 £2e°2 o00r O'see = 82z 88g Oe9'T = oge't OPT ose Ans
x « = . : NMOUD-JOWHS V1d-¥O 29 3dAL
x 69°SE & O°0rs = #90“ or9*9 ws't sos*t = ez*e = ose: sf
ig 2668 Ke 0°05 = B9gtT yss'T = 009*T_—ORhT 086 og0'T SS¥H
ft 20€° 12 O'OKS = 96 g9g0°S  O2S*T = OBST §=—0DEZ_—SsON*E NNOD
+ NMOYS-JOVHS ARTIVA NNOD TQ 3dAL
. ‘ . . : dadd¥UM YvOID ‘9 SS¥TO
BGT 2 ctetet 2°88 S79L deez gegtzz = et = BLT Oke OTgzT SS-1S ‘WLOL
Fitaat byl Sst $38 O's2 = e0B*bz = GOZOZ~=«sGGOSZ = TeB*T = OGO'ZT DOT TT. 9-5 “WLOL
¥0S*OT BEL 5°58 zG£ = S8z*Zt_ ss sz96 = 0T*2 set = ose’s = oos*s SIM
‘ ‘ . . : WISNODSIN NUJHLUON SG 3dAL
802‘0T 906*¢ 9°98 LL wes2t pastor = 020°Z~—oge*T = 0029 009s SIM
: NISNOOSIM NUFHLNOS $5 3dAL
‘ ‘ . . : UIONTA NISNODSIN “8S SSYT9
996°2 Sct? g°12t 9°68 2ap2 par'2 peL'T —SO9T = BEST = OTS*T 26-15 W1OL
Tee £92 0°86 oe ee 162 ose'T = 6T*T—O8T 09T SSWH
‘ . . . 2 QRS WNVAVH A3TIVA NNOD 25 3dAL
sso‘z 0z6*T org2t 0°06 = pat tz eer'z OLE oRs*t = ouz*Tosett St NNOD
AVATOVOUS ARTA NNOD TS 34AL
YONG ATTIVA NNOD ‘WS SSvT9
‘ ‘ . . : waONIG VOID *s SS¥TO
A1L*2T Tee‘st 2°09 6765 = Oe*62 = GTHT9z ~=—«9EG‘T © gze*T = oDz“ST OUEST: pe-ty WLOL
£00'2 9p9'T 0°29 06S = Ofe*e 62:2 = 006*T_~—««OSS*T ~=—oOg*T = cot: OHO -
‘ ‘ IS9dAL AUTIVA IKVIW OIHO bO-Zy 3dAL
PIL ST SLU eT. 0°09 0°09 = O6T*9Z_— ss Szatez = OWET © OSL*T = 0DSET oUSET : ¥d
+ AVATIORTS WINVATASNNAd Ty 3dAL
. “ . waTId WOI ‘ey SsvI9
ard Tee‘st o“ott T'9Tl OBT‘IZ «= ges*gt = zee*E = SST §=—oge*TT «oeet6 SC: 2E-SE WLOL
¥28 962 0°00T O°soT bee 852 O€O'T gTI*E 008 089 : ~ VA
‘ ‘ 1734 Q3UNI-NNS VA LE 3dAL
st8*9 eep's Cass a°BIL  $Bz*s sestp —OBLT = OFT =—Osz*E ~—g9*2 rt
« ‘ . . : 1139 YBATY NIBYD 9E IdAL
$26*9T agtt2t z°91T S°STL  Lzsthl = ee fOT = peBtT = O6S*L = 006*Z = ong: sn
66g%e tse vert 2°91 BER SE ecete OL6'T = sag*T = 0dB*T = 00s *T WNL
920°ET Top'6 OrLIT 2°SIT €€TTL = ogt*a = Sz*t = 009° = ODT*9~—ONTS x
: 4738 YBNINS INO GE IdAL
: Gyund-¥IV wud “BE SSyTO
Suytiog 090°T 139 Savndd 090*T aNnod sauoy :
Zier 5L6T Ziel: Ser diet = 9761s Z/ol : S/6t : frey = 926: Gaal any ssvTo
NorLonaowd 40 307A Sua AG GAT A worlondoud =} avaTA 2 ga.sanuvH VaW

“91 43d 39TYd “AY NOSVAS

(O3NNIINOD) JdAL ONY SSW19 Ad OIIVEOL

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA

at

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978


Cigar-filler growers produced 29.4 million pounds (13.3 thousand metric tons) on 15.2 thou-
sand acres (6.15 thousand hectares) during 1977, realizing an average yield of 1936 pounds per
acre. About 26.4 million pounds (12.0 thousand metric tons) were produced in 1976 on 15.3 thou-
sand acres (6.19 thousand hectares).

Cigar-binder production of 27.3 million pounds (12.4 thousand metric tons) was 20 percent
above the 22.6 million pounds (10.3 thousand metric tons) produced a year earlier. The increase
in production reflects a 7 percent increase in acreage and a higher average yield.

Cigar-wrapper production in 1977 is estimated at 5.29 million pounds (2.40 thousand metric
tons), 26 percent below 1976. Acreage harvested in 1977 was down 26 percent and average yield at
1547 pounds per acre was down slightly.

COTTON, 1977 REVISED: Cotton production in 1977 totaled 14.4 million bales, 36 percent above

1976 and 73 percent above 1975. The 1977 production consisted of 14.3
million bales of Upland cotton and 112 thousand bales of American-Pima cotton. The larger crop
resulted from a 22 percent increase in harvested acreage and a yield matching the second highest
of record. The crop benefited from very favorable growing conditions throughout the season in
all areas except the Southeast which was affected by drought. Harvesting progressed rapidly
without major delays.

Planted acres totaled 13.7 miffion acres (5.54 million hectares), ?7 percent above 1976.
Growers abandoned 3 percent of the acreage, resulting in 13.3 million acres (5.37 million hectares)
harvested. Average lint yield per harvested acre in 1977 was 520 pounds. Yield per acre for
Upland increased 55 pounds to 519 while yield for American-Pima increased 32 pounds to a record
high of 724 pounds. Cottonseed production totaled 5.52 million tons (5.01 million metric tons),
34 percent above 1976.

The Bureau of the Census reported 14,017,919 running bates ginned during the 1977 season,
35 percent above 1976. The ginning total indicated 14,388,349 equivalent 480 net weight bales.

The preliminary 1977 season average price for lint at 51.7 cents per pound is 12.4 cents

below 1976. Average price received for cottonseed was $71.00 per ton, 31 percent less than 1976.
Total value of lint and seed for the 1977 crop was $3.96 billion, 8 percent above 1976.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 10 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


The “Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 6.8 percent.
This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1,284 million
bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 6.8 percent or approximately
87 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference
will not exceed 11.7 percent or approximately 150 million bushels. Differences between the May 1
winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 60
million bushels, ranging from 3 to 237 million bushels. The forecast was below the final estimate
in 7 years and above in 3 years.

ORANGES: The Nation's orange crop is forecast at 222.million boxes (8.73 million metric tons),
up slightly from last month's forecast, but 9 percent below the 1976-77 season.

Florida's crop is placed at 168 million boxes, about the same as last month but 10 percent
below last season, The early and mid-season varieties have been harvested and totaled 88.3 million
boxes. Harvest is near 30 percent complete on the 80.0 million box crop of Valencias.

The California orange crop is now placed at 43.5 million boxes, 1 percent above last month's
forecast but 7 percent below the 1976-77 crop, Harvest of the 19.5 million box Navel crop is
nearly complete, Valencia prospects are unchanged at 24,0 million boxes, but are 14 percent above
jast season. Harvest of the crop is just getting underway.

Texas production is expected to total 6.1 million boxes, 2 percent less than the April 1
forecast and 12 percent below last season. Harvest of the 3.86 million boxes of early and mid-
season varieties is complete. Valencia production prospects declined during the month to 2.3
million boxes, Harvest is nearly 90 percent complete.

Arizona's production forecast is unchanged at 4.12 million boxes, 4 percent above last season,
Harvest of the 820 thousand box Navel crop is complete, while almost half of the 3.30 million box
Valencia crop is harvested.

Changes in the U.S. orange production forecasts between May 1 and fina? production estimates
have averaged 3.48 million boxes over the past ten seasons, ranging from 740 thousand boxes in
1968-69 to 10.3 million boxes in 1976-77,

FLORIDA FROZEN CONCENTRATED JUICE YIELD:

The all orange juice yield for the 1977-78 crop is projected at 1,24 gallon of 45 degree brix

concentrate per box. The final ‘freeze-reduced yield from the 1976-77 crop was 1.07 gallons per
0X +

CITRUS CROP - HARVEST AND UTILIZATION TO MAY 1

A 1976-77 1977-78
cROP t UTILIZATION. UTILIZATION > REMAINING
: : 2 3 : FOR
; FRESH [PROCESSED {TOTAL ; FRESH PROCESSED, TOTAL > aspvesT
: “THOUSAND BOKES
ORANGES : 30,254 156,484 186,738 §7,512 29,110 111,839 140,949 81,071
GRAPEFRUIT : 22,835 36,521 59,356 15,144 23,112 35,602 58,714 13,886
LEMONS 2 8,545 576 18,121 7,479 8,567 11,036___ 19,603 6,097

As of May 1 a total of 141 million boxes of oranges had been harvested in the U.S., 63 percent
of the expected total orange crop. A year earlier 76 percent of the orange crop had been harvested
by this date. Processors have used 79 percent of the oranges harvested prior to May 1 this year
compared with 84 percent a year earlier.

Grapefruit harvest was 81 percent complete by May 1, 1978, Last season’s crop was 80 percent
harvested by May 1. Of this year's crop harvested to date, processors have used 61 percent com-
pared with 62 percent a year earlier.

Lemon harvest was 76 percent complete compared with 71 percent on May 1 last year, Proc-

essors have used 56 percent of the crop harvested before May 1, During the same period last year,
processors had used 53 percent.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 7 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



Growers expect to harvest 39.6 million acres (16.0 million hectares) for grain compared with
1977's harvested acreage of 48.4 million acres (19.6 million hectares). Indicated acreage for
grain is about 82.2 percent of the 48.1 million acres (19.5 million hectares) seeded, Last year
growers harvested 86.5 percent of the seeded acres.

Higher than normal temperatures along with adequate soil moisture in most areas during late
March and early April caused the winter wheat to come out of winter dormancy and encouraged rapid
growth in southern areas and greening in northern areas. In early April condition of the crop
rated fair to good with some major producing areas in excellent condition. By mid-April crop
development ranged from turning color in extreme southern regions to jointing in the Central
Plains and greening in northern areas; lagging last year's rapid development. Winter wheat con-
dition remained fair to good in the tast half of April, but continued dry weather in the Southern
Plains stressed the crop.

On May 1 the crop rated fair to mostly good and rains throughout most areas since May 1
should benefit the crop. Crop development in the Central Plains and on eastward through the
eastern Corn Belt continue to lag last year. In Kansas the crop was 50 percent jointed by
April 30 compared with 70 percent last year and average.

U.S. WHEAT PRODUCTION *
BIL BU.

20

SURUM WEA

05 ‘WINTER WHEAT.

° 1968 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979
oe oan

RELIABILITY OF MAY 1 WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTION FORECAST

The winter wheat production forecast in this report is based primarily on surveys conducted
just prior to May.1. Acreage for harvest is based on the planted acreage published in December
1977, with estimated abandonment based on information provided by producers about May 1, 1978.
The yield forecast was based on data from mailed reports from farmers and field observations,
counts and measurements in wheat fields. These surveys to obtain acreage and yield information
are subject to sampling and non-sampling type errors that are common to all surveys. More impors
tantly, the production forecast is subject to change due to future weather conditions and other
factors that cannot be measured currently but directly affect final production.

To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 winter wheat production forecast,
the "Root Mean Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This
is done by expressing the deviations between the May 1 production forecast and the final estimate
as _a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the
1958-77 twenty-year period; the square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Nean
Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected errors in the current fore-
cast relative to the final end of season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's
forecast are not different from those influencing recent year forecasts.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 6 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


*S31Ve LHOIIM L3N “87-08% /T

2°68e%Hl =9°0BSSOT 9*tOEs oes S9% tse E°OLSEL =S*CTSE4OT Of9EL9a S°E94ET S*SSONT 9°26%46 3 sn
TW" NOILOT
o°e9 S°4S 92k 269 46€ Ok sad 6°S9 Tess s*s> 2°69 t sn
9k e°tt dod Dad lez $°22 ore s°t2 o°te 98 g°se ' x3L
eo Tes leg oko S6T £%6 s*et 9°6 s°9 rer ' Xx3W N
i t 692 049 08 e t e° 1 2° tala
€°0s o*ee eee 908 209 tao ete2 ee ere Toe t Ziav
VHId=8anv *NOLIOD
9°9LS*OT Teeee ets 99% es O'vOStET Teesesol T0eL¢e H*ETOSEL OFOTOFTL wtezete sa
ce hd 76T 08% rk as ” 8° o°t a 8° ' vA
Or20cre orzecte 40% ese coe oases 0°00S*y O°006%E o*0s9'9 0°008%+ Orose*» ¢& x3.
o*eze orzee 40m S62 EE. o*00e rode orste orsze ore orsee 3 NBL
0°06 eye ate 8g orest rest oreot oot oroat orzot st os
oroet = :20y 1s2 Luz orsee o*s62 o*ses orse oroge = t VINO
oto ‘SOC 68% 21% arte ores one 0°95 ‘ oN
0°99 coo ces 2ee 0°99 o°se o°tet 0°s6 : X3W ON
set 86S ete tae tt ont est ort ‘ aN
0*961 te SOE or 07092 orale oroue oroze On
ororort = Tas. HE |S oroey*t —oro0T+t = o*ogeT oromtet t SSIW
0°9se tes ‘Lo SES o°09s orote 0°S%S t ww
e ee 4 as2 er 9° 6° ' ax
O*est zee eee ery o*0%e 0*09t osore ' vo
cz See 91S one Te “te 2°9 : vig
Omise*t 96 = 904 -2L0¢T orozt+t § o*see o°0o%+s = o* oe THT t  atwo
0*409 tS zee Sey 0°056 0*089 0°0S6 orseter ' wa
reds 166 Bete 4204 arove 0*992 ornts Or tHe : ZIav
o°2te ace 66E So 0029 oroce 0°02o 0°09" 2 vv
ONV Td “NOILOD

“SANNOd S3YIV 00041 $382v 0004T t

Q vider 9l6t i Ses Tet t 9Uet_—st SUSY dey SY SET Tt
NOLsOMO0ud 7 amas t OSISSAUVH Vau¥ t GaLNVId WaE¥ t  Blvas

NOLL09

19 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978


i i ippi ieti in mid-April
In the lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas, digging of chipping varieties began
and movenent of fresh market potatoes is underway. Digging started in the Winter Garden area on
May 1 and is expected to become active by mid-month, Fields are currently in bloom in the
Knox/Haskell area with harvest anticipated to begin about mid-June,

ED: The May 1 pasture and range feed condition was 75 percent for the 48
PASTURE AND RANGE Contiguous States--1 point below a year earlier and 6 points below the
1967-76 average for the date. With abundant April rainfall, western States reported good to ex-
cellent conditions, well above a year ago when drought plagued the area. In southwest Texas,
and in parts of Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, and New Mexico, conditions ranged from very poor to
extreme drought. Except for a few scattered areas of the Midwest, the rest of the Nation recorded
good to fair pasture conditions.

A number of States east of the Mississippi recorded lower May 1 conditions than a year ago,
resulting primarily from tower temperatures and slow growth of grasses. These lower conditions,
combined with the extended drought in southwest Texas, resulted in a slightly lower national
average than a year ago.

HAY STOCKS ON FARMS: May 1 hay stocks on farms totaled 24.0 million tons (21.8 million metric
tons), 23 percent above last year but 6 percent below 1976. The increased
stocks this year resulted from larger production of hay in 1977.

Disappearance of hay from farms from May 1, 1977 to April 30, 1978 totaled 127 million tons
(115 million MT), compared with 126 million tons (114 million MT) during the same period a year
earlier.

TOBACCO 1977: Production of all tobacco in 1977 is estimated at 1.91 billion pounds (867 thousand
metric tons), 10 percent below the 2.14 billion pounds (969 thousand metric tons)

produced in 1976. The crop was harvested from 958 thousand acres (388 thousand hectares), down

8 percent from the 1.04 million acres (423 thousand hectares) harvested the previous year, Yields

averaged 1997 pounds per acre compared with 2045 pounds for the 1976 crop.

Flue-cured production is placed at 1.13 billion pounds (512 thousand metric tons), down 14
percent from the 1976 crop of 1.32 billion pounds (597 thousand metric tons), The 1977 production
includes 2.81 milvion pounds (1.27 thousand metric tons) to be carried over for sale next season
but excludes 2.30 million pounds (1.04 thousand metric tons) of 1976 leaf sold during 1977 mar-
keting season. Harvested area totaled 589 thousand acres (238 thousand hectares), 12 percent
below the 667 thousand acres (270 thousand hectares) utilized for these types in 1976. Yield per
acre for types 11-14 averaged 1917 pounds compared with 1974 pounds in 1976,

Fire-cured production is estimated at 52.4 million pounds (23.8 thousand metric tons), up
36 percent from the 38.5 million pounds (17.5 thousand metric tons) produced the previous year.
The leaf was grown on 32.8 thousand acres (13.3 thousand hectares), up 24 percent froma year
earlier. Yield averaged 1598 pounds per acre compared with 1453 pounds a year earlier.

Burley production at 617 million pounds (280 thousand metric tons) was down 9 percent from
the 679 million pounds (308 thousand metric tons) produced in 1976. The 1977 estimate includes
20.3 million pounds (9.21 thousand metric tons) of carryover for sale during the next marketing
season but excludes 18.4 million pounds (8.35 thousand’ metric tons) of 1976 leaf sold in 1977.
The 1977 crop was harvested from 269 thousand acres (109 thousand hectares), down 6 percent from
the previous year. Yield per acre averaged 2298 pounds compared with 2376 pounds in 1976.

Southern Maryland output is estimated at 29.9 million pounds (13.6 thousand metric tons),
the same as the 1976 production. The 1977 acreage at 23.0 thousand acres (9.31 thousand hectares)
and the yield at 1300 pounds per acre were the same as a year earlier. Auctions for the 1977
crop opened in mid-April and wil] continue until mid-June. Revisions, if necessary, will be
published in the August Crop Production Report.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 9 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


tS

Crop
Reporting
Board

Economics, Statistics, &
Cooperatives fi

Service

US. Department.
of Agriculture
Washington, D.C.
20250

May 16, 1978

ERRATA

Crop Production - CrPr 2-2 (5-78) Released May 9, 1978

PAGE 15

State

Conn

Mass

US

2/ Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

TOBACCO -

Season Average Price Per
Pound Received by Farmers

Value of
Production

Cents
1977

4752
-- 2/

3754
-- 2/

116.9 3/

published prices are incorrect.

3/ Excludes value of type 61.

PAGE _17

Class and
Type

Total 11-14
Total 61-62

Total 41-62

3/ Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

TOBACCO BY CLASS. AND TYPE

1,000 Dollars
1977

2,655 3/

331 3/
2,235,773 3/

The previously

published prices are incorrect.
5/ Excludes value of type 61.

Season Average Price Per Value of
Production Pound Received by Farmers Production
1,000 Pounds Cents 1,000 Dollars
1976 1977 1977
453365267
1,316,257
V2
-- 3/ 912 5/
. 6954
-- 3 42,827 5/

‘The previous ly



CROP PRODUCTION [Gi

Released: May 9, 1978 Economics, Statistics, &
3:00 P.M. ET Cooperatives Service

US. Department
of Agriculture

Washington, D.C.
20250

HIGHLIGHTS

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1,284 million bushels (35.0 million metric
tons), 16 percent or 242 million bushels (6.60 million metric tons) below
the 1977 crop.

Citrus production is expected to total 12.9 million metric tons, up slightly from
last month, but 7 percent below the 1976-77 crop.

Orange production is forecast at 222 million boxes (8.73 million metric tons), up
slightly from April 1, but 9 percent less than last season. Harvest was 63
percent complete by May 1.

Grapefruit prospects improved 1 percent to 72.6 million boxes (2.68 million metric
tons), 3 percent below last season. Harvest of the U. S. crop was 81 percent
complete by May 1.

Peach production in the nine Southern States is forecast at 533 million pounds
(242 thousand metric tons), 3 percent above last season's total.

Spring potato production forecast of 19.9 million cwt. (900 thousand metric tons),
is up 1 percent from the April 1 forecast, but 13 percent below Tast year.

Hay stocks on farms May 1 are estimated at 24.0 million tons (21.8 million metric
tons), 23 percent above a year ago, but 6 percent below May 1, 1976.

CrPr 2-2 (5-78) For Information cal]: (202) 447-2127


HAY STOCKS

STATE : STOCKS ON FARMS, MAY 1 STATE : STOCKS ON FARMS, MAY 1
i 1976 : 1977 3 1975 H H 1976 2 1977 — z 197
1,000 TONS : : T,000 TONS
ALA : 193 1 Wo): NEV: 44 94 176
ARIZ : 4? 139 205 0: NH : 27 45 35
ARK p28 105 197: NO? 37 45 26
CALIF =: 306 680 1,082 0: ON MEX: 83 98 124
coLo > 481, 508 559: NY : 767 1,070 649
CONN 3 30 25 18 NC og 82 46 57
DEL : 3 3 1 > NDAK: 1,528 716 452
FLA : 44 28 68 =: OHIO : "642 640 676
GA : 1B 8 68 : OKLA : 688 324 634
IDAHO 3 533 798 1,026 : OREG : 289 369 585
TLL : 781 588 779 > PA z 896 655 583
IND : 452 301 429 2 RI: 2 2 2
TOWA : 1,786 1,397 1,661 > SC 97 47 63
KANS t 901 680 1,059 : S$ DAK: 1,480 710 1,510
KY : 780 598 3a0 0: TENN: 295 291
LA 103 39 57 TEX : 1,049 967 468
MAINE : 53 108 68 UTAH: 234 309 424
MD 148 130 53 We: 102 206 108
MASS : 32 38 35 VA: 360 148 130
NICH 767 551 514: WASH = 213 465 462
MINN : 1,521 922 1,627: WVA : 180 50 15
MISS : LIT 3 8 9: WIS : 2,226 1,381 2,880
no 1,576 544 1,026 4: WO 3 328
MONT > 1,189 955 508 :
NEBR > 1,366 1,072 1,717: US + 25,501 19,505 24,018
PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITION 1/
t averace = ; ; AVERAGE =} :
STATE > 1967-76 : 1977 : 1978 : STATE 1967-76 : 1977 : 1978
PERCENT PERCENT
ALA : 81 82 79 2 NEV 80 55 84
ARIZ 74 69 105 NH 86 89 89
ARK 86 84 Ng 84 80 72
CALIF 77 35 101 N MEX 70 71 65
coto 76 67 60 PNY 87 90 75
CONN 86 90 88 oNC 86 87 84
DEL : 88 82 83: NDAK 76 42 62
FLA : 68 60 rE : OHIO 87 89 80
GA 79 79 7? > OKLA 80 76 75
IDAHO 83 46 94 OREG 81 37 96
NL 89 87 80 PA 85 86 79
IND 89 91 82 RI 86 95 90
TOWA a4 81 73 St 79 80 82
KANS : 82 81 8) : S DAK 78 62 74
KY : 90 89 83 : TENN 86 86 82
tA : 81 83 a7 > TEX 73 84 46

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 12 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


WINTER WHEAT

STATE 4 AREA HARVESTED! ' YIELO ' PRODUCTION
1 7 7 IND? 7 IND 8 T T TNO"
11976} 4977 +4978 § 497Ht 1977 + 19781 1976 3 977 5__—ia7B
t T9000 ACRES BUSHELS 19000 BUSHELS
t
ALA t es! 90 78 2740 2860-2700 eas 2520 25106
aRIz) ot 12 55: 6? 755072407540 «= 8440039960 34525
ARK ‘ 630 660 320-390 39403540) 2h STO
CALIF) ot 860 650 620 6240 © 640 © 260 © 599320
COLO 8 t «= 2yh00 = 2850 = 2390 ©2105’ 2200 22002519600
DEL : 40 3h 29 «3520 3100 3600 19400
FLA ' ts 13. $1 3060-2940 ao 420
Ga t 118! 100 120 31,0 3360326039 S85!
IOAHO a90 830 B40 bay 45.0 399160
TLL: ts 19850 19590 960 3940 3400 729150
IND 1 14500 19260 750 3640 39.0 549000
Towa ot 130 88 68-3540 36.0 49550
KANS 119300 12100 = 109500 3060 3160 3399000
KY ' 330 276. 238 (31.0 31.0 100230
La ' 23 27 20 35.0 759:
MO. t 138. 118 100 38.0 = S¥ 2h
MICH ot 870 825: 455) 38.0 339060
MINN 8 163 105' 60 2900 43238.
MISS 1 120 105: 35° 28.0 39680
MO + 19760 19550 840 35.0 589080
MONT t= 30080-2800 24750 32.0 98580
NEBR 1 25950 24950-24600 3760 944400
NEW ' 18 16: MW 7000 19170
NJ : 55° 42. 35 3600 20310
NMEX ot 246! 421 261 22.0 ©5635)
NY : 175: 175 au. 33.0 69650
NC ‘ 240 200 175 32.0 69960
N OAK 4 138° 104. 130 28.0 39780
OHIO = t 19600 19540 1.075: 38.0 644000
OKLA = tS 69300 = 9500 54400 26.0 1519200
OREG ot 39220 19230 19100 48.0 56120
PA ' 300 270 245) 3200 9000
sc t 128: 95: a2 30.0 30250
S DAK ot 970 680 756 27.0 © 174460
TENN ot 300 280 230 3500 119100
TEX 1 4700-4700» 2 B00 2160 1030600
UTAH ot 222. 180 177 27.0 50217
vA : 240 205) 165: 3720 79680
WASH =} 29888" 2080024630 48.0 © 1326710
WVA ot un 10 } 32.0 352:
WIS 1 64. 60 33 38.0 20368,
WO t 295 260 275 2400 79080 59200 69600
us 1 499660489619 399558. 325195599923 195250713 192849375
WHEAT: PRODUCTION BY CLASSES, FOR THE UNITED STATES
YEAR RD ae — SPRING
ae SOFT} warTe ; ARS DURUM WHITE TOTAL
: T, 000 BUSHELS
1975 1,058,063 326,208 = «256,125 «326,594 123,362 32,107 2,122,459
1976 975,840 336,555 287,528 = 411,127 «134,914 36,398 25,142,362
1977 993,072 341,334 «1925307397479 79,964 213637 2,025,793
1978 4/ 872,377 195,380 216,618 132842375

7 INDICATED HAY T, 1978-

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


GRAPEFRUIT: U.S, grapefruit production is placed at 72.6 million boxes (2.68 million metric tons),
up 1 percent from last month's forecast, but 3 percent below the 1976-77 season.

The Florida crop 4s now placed at 50,5 million boxes, 1 percent above the April 1 forecast, but 2

ercent below last season, Harvest is about 90 percent complete. The Texas crop at 11.5 million

Foxes is 5 percent above the Apri? 1 forecast, but 7 percent below last season, Harvest is 95

percent complete. California prospects are unchanged from a month earlier at 7.7 million boxes,

1 percent above the 1976-77 crop. Harvest is near the one-fourth mark, The Arizona crop prospects

declined to 2.9 million boxes, 3 percent below last month and last season. Harvest is about 45

percent complete.

Changes in U.S. grapefruit production between the May 1 forecast and final production have
averaged 1.2 million boxes over the past 10 seasons, ranging from 110 thousand boxes in 1969-70
to 3.1 million boxes in 1968-69,

LEMONS: Arizona's and California's lemon crop is currently placed at 25.7 million boxes -(886 thou-

sand metric tons}, 4 percent above the April 1 forecast and 100 thousand boxes above last
season. The Arizona crop at 5.7 million boxes is unchanged from Jast month. Harvest is complete.
California prospects increased 1 million boxes to a total of 20 million boxes, 3 percent below
last season. Harvest is 70 percent complete.

TEMPLES: Florida's temple crop is estimated at 4.9 million boxes, 2 percent more than was forecast
Kpril 1, and 29 percent more than last season, Harvest is complete.

PEACHES: The®first forecast of peach production for 1978 in the nine Southern States is placed
at 533 million pounds (242 thousand metric tons). This is 3 percent greater than last

season's total but 9 percent less than 1976. The region's peach crop is sold predominantly in

fresh market channels and accounts for well over one-third of the US fresh peach utilization.

Reduced crop prospects from last year in Arkansas, South Carolina and Texas were more than
offset by improvements in the remaining States. In South Carolina, the region's leader, produc-
tion is expected to total 220 million pounds, off 20 percent from last season. Freeze damage in
Yate March and hail storms in late Apri] contributed to the decline. Production in Georgia is
forecast at 150 million pounds, sharply above the short 1977 crop. Favorable spring weather
resulted in a heavy bloom and set, requiring much thinning. Harvest will begin about a week later
than norma). The Texas crop is sizing wel] and harvest of good quality fruit will begin about
mid-May in the central area. Peaches in Alabama and Arkansas are developing well despite winter
freeze damage in some localities. The large North Carolina croo is in good condition after a full
bloom and fruit set which were a little later than normal.

ALMONDS: The 1978 California almond crop (in shell) is expected to total 220 thousand tons (200
thousand metric tons), 12 percent below last year. This year's crop is expected to
yield 265 million pounds of nut meats.

POTATOES: Production of spring potatoes is now placed at 19.9 million cwt. (900 thousand metric

tons), less than 1 percent above last month's forecast but 13 percent below the 22.9
mitlion cwt. (1.04 million metric tons) produced last year. Prospective yield improved slightly
during April. The total spring crop is still expected to be harvested from 90.7 thousand acres
(36,7 thousand hectares).

The California crop is now forecast at 9.4 million cwt., 3 percent less than last month's
forecast and down 21 percent from last year's crop. Digging started in the Kern district around
April 10, Yields on early fields have been low. Volume harvest is expected to begin after
May 15 with heavier yields anticipated from later maturing fields.

The Hastings, Florida, crop is forecast at 3.9 million cwt., up 12 percent from the Apri] 1
forecast but 9 percent below the 1977 crop. Potato prospects in the Hastings area improved con-
siderably during April. The crop is later than normal and the first trial diggings were not made
unti] the last week of Apri}. Harvest is expected to be light during the first week of May,
become very active by the end of the month, and continue heavy through June, In Alabama, recent
weather has been favorable for the development of the crop. Needed rains came to the potato
producing area of Louisiana on May 2 relieving the dry conditions, Digging is expected to be
active in early June.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 8 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


COTTON: ESTIMATED PERCENT PRODUCTION SOLD EACH MONTH OF THE MARKETING YEAR 1976 CROP yy

3 3 : 3 2 : : : : + TOTAL
STATE : AUG : SEP : OCT : NOV : DEC : JAN : FEB : MAR : APR MAY JUN THROUGH
i 2 H A : z A i L z JUL 27
PERCENT |

ALA 0 0 9 34 24 4 6 6 1 2 1
ARIZ 0 0 23 20 16 16 8 2 1 2 5 > oe
ARK 0 0 27 37 22 4 3 3 2 1 0 0 99
CALIF 0 i) 12 28 21 10 5 2 3 5 4 3 93
GA oO vo) 6 18 24 18 7 22 2 2 1 1 98
LA 0 1 22 42 20 9 3 3 0 0 0 0 100
MISS 0 i 30 36 20 5 3 3 1 1 0 0 99
MO QO 0 24 56 14 2 3 1 0 0 0 i) 100
OKLA 0 0 0 10 36 25 4 4 3 2 Q o 94
sc 0 1 19 27 25 10 8 8 2 0 a 0 100
TENN 9 0 16 37 35 6 3 3 0 9 0 i) 100
TEX 5 3 4 12 34 20 8 4 2 2 1 2 97
US 3/ 2 1 14 25 25 13 6 3 2 2 2 2 97

COTTON: ESTIMATED PERCENT PRODUCTION SOLD EACH MONTH OF THE MARKETING YEAR

1977 CROP-PRELIMINARY 1/

: : : : A 3 z : TOTAL

STATE : AUG : SEP : OCT : NOV: DEC : JAN : FEB MAR + THROUGH

H i i A t i A 2 MAR 4/

PERCENT

ALA 0 3 V7 21 12 Nn u 6 81
ARIZ i) 1 6 13 21 26 9 5 81
ARK O 12 24 16 10 6 4 7 79
CALIF 0 0 1 5 23 18 15 u 73
GA 0 0 4 9 6 5 5 5 44
La 0 4 12 19 16 3 10 8 82
MISS i) 6 15 18 13 a) 6 7 76
MO 0 15 28 13 9 2 2 9 78
OKLA 0 o 7 9 16 19 21 9 81
sc le) 1 13 V7 13 8 4 4 60
TENN 0 7 26 18 9 8 8 4 80
TEX 5 7 8 7 13 20 7 7 74
US 3/ : 2 5 9 10 5 16 9 10 76

¥ PERCENTS OF FOUR-TENTHS OR LESS SHOWN AS "0",
'/ EXCLUDES UNREDEEMED LOANS ON AUG 1, 1977.
‘3/ A SMALL PERCENT FOR JUL IS INCLUDED IN AUG.

‘A EXCLUDES UNREDEEMED LOANS AND COTTON STILL IN PRODUCER'S HANDS ON APR 1, 1978.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 22

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


APRIL WEATHER SUMMARY

April temperatures were well above normal in the early part of the month-~as much as 12 to
15° warmer in many areas~-but cooler air persisted later in the month. The central Plains and
eastward through most of the Corn Belt stayed wet throughout the month; little progress was made
in land preparation or spring seeding. The central and northern Rockies, the intermountain area,
and most of the West Coast had above normal precipitation. Heavy rains late in the month from
southern Alabama to southern Virginia caused some serious flooding in the Piedmont.

The well above normal temperatures that marked the latter half of March continued in the
first week of April. Greening of vegetation was rapid in many areas. For the period ending
April 9th, temperatures reached as much as 15° above normal in the central Plains and middle
Mississippi Valley. Only the West Coast and New England stayed near or colder than normal.
Even though the warm temperatures were a welcome harbinger of spring, excessive rain from the
central Plains through the Midwest was not welcome. Land preparation for spring planting, already
behind schedule, made no further progress. The southeastern States spent another dry week but
some welcome rain fell in west Texas.

Cooler air moved into the central States during the week of April 10 - 16th dropping tempera-
ture averages for the week to near or below normal. Average readings in eastern U S and west of
the Rockies remained slightly warmer than normal. Moderate to heavy rain fell in the lower and
middle Mississippi Valley and in southeastern States. Light to moderate rain was reported in most
of the Corn Belt. Again little progress was made in spring seeding or ground preparation. The
only raintess areas in the Nation were in parts of Arizona, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, California
and southwest Texas. Significant rain covered the western Plateau, mountains and coastal areas.

Another surge of cool air covered the entire Nation early in the week of April 17 - 23rd.
Most of the country experienced colder than normal temperatures. The central Plains and parts of
the Southeast averaged 9 to 11° colder than normal. The rainless area in the Southwest expanded,
but moderate to heavy rain occurred in the Pacific Northwest and from east Texas through the
northern Plains and to the East Coast. The cool temperatures and continued rain further delayed
land preparation and slowed growth of previously seeded crops and pastures. Early morning temper-
atures of freezing or lower pushed as far Southward as parts of Oklahoma, Kentucky and South
Carolina,

The cool, wet pattern continued during the last week in April in most of the East--the North-
east had little or no rain. The latter days of the week allowed some drying in the eastern Corn
Belt so that some plowing and planting progress was made in Ohio but little work was done in the
rest of the area until the last day of the week. Storm systems moving eastward from the central
Plains caused much thunderstorm activity with many reports of tornadoes and hail. A low pressure
system moving northward along the coast of the Carolinas produced heavy rain in the mountains
and Piedmont; serious flooding resulted. In the West a series of low pressure centers lingered
in the mountains causing light to moderate rain. Heavy snow fell at some mountain locations

APRIL FIELDWORK LATE

Land preparation and spring planting moved at a snail's pace during April, particularly in
comparison with the previous two planting seasons. Plowing in the north central States lagged
last year by 30 to 50 percentage points and the average by 5 to 30 points by April 30, Wet soils
delayed tillage through most of April. Soil moisture rated adequate to-surplus in most areas of
the Nation. Corn planting reached 10 percent on April 30, falling far behind 1977's 32 percent
and the average of 21 percent. Cotton seeding stood at 29 percent, surpassing last year's
24 percent and the 23 percent average. Soybean planting was just getting started in the south
central States by Apri! 30. Spring wheat seeding advanced barely to 10 percent, a significant
departure from 1977's 70 percent and the 43 percent average. Grain sorghum planting reached into
gk fahoma and Missourd. Rice sowing was ahead of average by April 30 in all the Delta area except

irkansas,

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 4 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


POTATOES

SEASONAL GROUP | AREA HARVESTED i) YIELO 1 PRODUCTION
ANO ' T T TNO T T T INO T T T INO
STATE + 1976 1 1977 | 1978 1 1976 | 1977 | 1978 | 1976 | 1977 __]_ 1978
t 19000 ACRES Cer 19000 CwT
!
|
WINTER i
4
TOTAL: i) 14.4 1366 1266 207 199 220 29984. 22660 20766
'
SPRING '
ALA t ry 1005 10.5 140 120 130 19610 19260 19365
ARIZ ! 658 605 6.0 270 270 265 19836 1se75S 19590
CALIF: ! 34.2 3008 29.0 395 385 325 139509115858 99425
FLAeHaSTINGS ! 19.3 19.5 20.5 210 220 190 44053 9290 39895
OTHER 1 205° le? 1.9 160 185 140 400 315 266
La 4 206 203 2.3 75 1s 80 195 173 186
MISS 1 1.4 1.63 1.2 95 90 8s 133 117 102
nc ' 13-0 13646 13.0 145 165 155 1988S 20211 20015
TEX ' Tel Seo 6.3 155 165 160 19101 aol 15008
'
YOTAL y 98% Pilee 90.7 251 250 29 Bee722 —- 2ezeB7O 2199850
CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 1S CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


z99°Sec 988‘ 208 6°11 O'rLL 628909 9z8*8OL~=sGLz*Z = ez‘2Z ~—0NS*L6z OR BOE 2€-Te_WLOL
\ob'se 068‘2e Re O'OLL 00662 008 6z DOE'L = EL. = BOD*Ez_~——ovD*EZ Ad
iL 73@ ONVTANVA NUTHLNOS Z€ 3dAL 3
t220vd 966‘ PLL ovozt Livlt 6265919 946819 BBZ"Z_—UETZ ~—0DS*B9Z OR GEE: sn ,
269°€ 960'f OvELL S'80l  2€2°E 222'e 0202 —O6L*L_ = 9tL OBL: AM
29°62 pec'se p79tL OU ga¥'s2 —— ozetez O8e'Z = OSt*Z = CDL‘OL_-—OOBTOL vA 8
2v0'S2L e€6°CEL 6°SLL OvELL ge9‘Z0L SZSBll — sg0'2 = ggl‘2 0052S OSS: NNL .
90°€2 Sze‘ee Orlzt OELL e50%6L E802 O62 = alzsz = ood‘8 = ONES oo |S
68€ 92 tog‘ l2 2°2Lb 9°60L 025°E2 008*6L Osp‘2 ooz'2 = 009°6 000%: oN S
Tar) us's £°StL Or9gt —0g8S gee'g Ore'2 —«QSL'Z_—USTZ_ OH‘Z_ wo
06‘ 505 882 ‘OvS Bl2L O°SLL O9ESSLD —OSe*OLp ~=—sc09ESZ = Sz¥'Z@ ~—GDOT9ZL_-— 000 OBL : ny og
682‘6L ots*oz S"6LL O'ELL 095°9L OSI *8L oor = ozv*2 0069S I
Lvag AITUN Te BAL &
GRUAI-UIY HOTT “Ye SS¥TD Be
‘ aqund~uly “Ee SSy12 =
609°€9 2ep‘eS S7lzt 678 99e'25 LSE BestL Syl «= oge‘zE—osf9z f2-12 WLOL
fet tL ts1‘8 UrL2L Q°9EL  p9E ‘6 596'S p89 = OzySL = -09SS Oz“ sh
986° oat'L orzal Ortet —O0E‘L 58 Otel —-S5S5L_ 09 oss NNaL
2S1°6 Leo%e orlzL Q°UEL 90'S oll's ogg‘l = O0y*L_~ 08h = g9*e ny
‘ . ADIVASTO NYBLSIM EZ 3dAL
208 ‘Sb LL0°6E £7921 vepl z0Btse = LS2*z2 o6csL = €09‘L_— 00002 ~—ov0F ZL sa
9€5°0E $9252 992L Sept oly = 96°21 ost = SZS‘L —CORTEL ~—OO¥S EL NNL
9€8' bt 2ie‘eL Oral 2 Eyl 289°1l = (962*6 ozc*L —gg*L = -009°9—svogs cS
LOSUISIG NYBLSYA 22 3dAL
E659 ps7°9 £°96 orelt 00z*e 008 ‘s 000° ooo*t = on “z ooe’s = VA =
: 1738 VINTOYIA 12 3dAL =
: agund-3ur4 ‘2 SSv19
i9e‘sze"L §— ozgs2sp"L = O°LEL yrOLL OlL*6ZL*t 92°9ELL ZLBSL © LGTL_ —OSZ“6BS —OF9‘999 = vI-TT WLOL
s9e‘sel @ZOrLdt 8rSLL COLL OBPSOSL —-2SL“SSL_— BzO"Z = LdBTL OSSLZ = ON9S2B t sa
Lb2 ‘SSL $92°9EL USL S'OLL SzB*PEL —o9ztezL = S4OSZ_~—sOzBTL = 0009-0089 vo
vay'6z ELLE o°02L S"60L OLSbe —Ove*OE OOl'2 = ogLt2 = ODL LL ODD ot via
oot ates orult Ovsol Sp0°L 2gt'L 006" = o0B‘L ass oro vy
‘ + 113d VOIUOTI-VISUOID oT 3dAL
OLE ‘82 6S1°962 vezl OrzLL osptoez = Sestegz = zz0'Z_=— 2602 ~— OO HLL ovo" 9ZL sa
2p0° tL OBZ‘ LLL e-€2l O'ZLL OzdSBEL —«SLE“EGL = QHOTZ = SHOTZ —«-NOTBI_—- OOS SL a8
SEE *ELL 62E E2L S"e2t Orel OLc*l6 = O9L“OLL. «= S66*L_=—09L*Z ~—00D* 9h ~— ODDS + ON
: 1138 -9.$ ¥ YaCUOR DN ET IdAL
6se‘600 22°88 eet Slt SEO°9VE OZ HEP = SS6‘L = OvE'Z ~—O0D*ZZL_— 00" E0z oN
: 1138-9 N NBBLSY3 2T BdAL
6€z‘ery Oz *L6p vipll SOL G69‘Z6E OSL SE9p = LLL = LBSL © ODOLZZ 000" Sz = sng
£99°82L 920° 2EL van O°90t S6r60 © 009*bzt_ «= SBZ*L = OBESE 00019 000" OZ vA
285*02e e9°S9E 27etL O'eot ooz*es2 —ss*Bee = OLZL_-=—OEBTL ~—0*O9L_— 000° SBL ON
2 SL1d@ FTOOIW GAY GTO Tr adil =
: aaund-3nid ‘1 SSvIO
&
suvT100 -000* L S1N39 saNndd o00*T sannod SReVd : =
Wet: Sets ET GT Eet 8 eT: Of6T Law sev 3
NOTLONGOMd 40 STA | ogy SasMUVS he GRATION NOTLoNGOwd aualk CaLS3ANvH V3UY adh. 8
a
AdAL ONY SSYT2 A OODVOL &



PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITIONS
‘Ss May 1, 1978

SPOS.

_ Sy
tay) LPIA Tt AE q
\ ies
* 2 i Sif
ake

oS

Good to excettent
[Ed Poor to fair

EZ Ver poor

HD Severe drovght
WE Extreme drought
* INDICATES CURRENT SUPPLY OF PASTURE FEED FOR GRAZING ON NON- IRRIGATED PASTURES AND
RANGES RELATIVE TO THAT EXPECTED FROM EXISTING STANDS UNDER VERY FAVORABLE WEATHER

CONDITIONS, ECONOMICS, STATISTICS, AND
U.S. OEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NEG, CRB-47-78(5) COOPERATIVES SERVICE

AS REPORTED BY
(CROP CORRESPONDENTS:

PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITIONS*
z May 1, 1977

2 Good to excellent
Ed Poor to fair

EZ Very poor

ERD Severe drought
BEB Extreme drought

‘#45 nEPORTED BY
CROP CORRESPONDENTS:

* INDICATES CURRENT SUPPLY OF PASTURE FEED FOR GRAZING ON NON- IRRIGATED PASTURES AND
RANGES RELATIVE TO THAT EXPECTED FROM EXISTING STANDS UNDER VERY FAVORABLE WEATHER
CONDITIONS.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE NEG. SRS 52-77(5} STATISTICAL REPORTING SERVICE

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 3 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA




UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY

DOMESTIC UNITS.
2 REI WESTED YIELD PI RE PI ICT ION

CROP AND UNIT z TROICATED

TINDICATED
1977 3 1977 1977 : 3
: 1978 : : : 1978: 1978
T, 000 ACRES T0065
WINTER WHEAT BU: 48,419 39,558 31.5 32.5 1,526,713 1,264,375
POTATOES, SPRING CWT: 2.4 90.7 250 219 22,870 19,738 19,850
PEACHES 1] LB: 518,500 533,000
ALMONDS (CALIF) TON: 249.0 220.0
HAY STOCKS ON FARMS TON: 19,505 24,018
PASTURE AND RANGE 2/ PCT: 76 75
CITRUS FRUITS 3/ 1976-77 3977-78 1977-78
ORANGES 244,250 227,320 a
GRAPEFRUIT : 74,500 71,700 72,600
LEMONS mo 257600 24.700 _25.700

T/ 9 SOUTHERN STATES. 27 PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITION AS OF FIRST OF MONTH. THE 1967-76 AVERAGE
TS 81 PERCENT. 3/ SEASON BEGINS WITH BLOOM OF THE FIRST YEAR SHOWN AND ENDS WITH THE COMPLETION OF HAR-
VEST THE FOLLOWING YEAR.

UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY

(METRIC UNITS)
AREA HARVESTED. B

crop : INDICATED NDICATED :
: 1977 1977
: _ (1978 1978 11978 1978

HECTARES METRIC TONS
WINTER WHEAT £19594 690 16 008 730 2.12 2.18 41: 550 320 34 954 960
POTATOES, SPRING : 36.990 36 710 28.04 «24.53. «1.037 360 © «895. 300-900 380
PEACHES | : 235 190 241 760
ALNONDS TCALIF) : 225 890 199 580

17 694 640 21 788 760

1976-77 1977-78 ~— 1977-78
Felt 620 B70 720 “8727 120

HAY STOCKS ON FARMS
CITRUS FRUITS 2/
RANGES

‘0 20
GRAPEFRUIT : 2 747 860 2 642 630 2 677 100
LEMONS. 3 882 690 851 _ 850 886_320
T/ 9 SOUTHERN STATES. 27 SEASON BEGINS WITH BLOOM OF THE FIRST YEAR SHOWN AND END: 1
OF HARVEST THE FOLLOWING YEAR,

The CROP PRODUCTION report contains State and Nationa) estimates with related information on
selected agricultural commodities. These data were prepared and adopted by the Crop Reporting
Board which consists of commodity statisticians from Washington headquarters and the State
Statistical Offices.

CROP REPORTING BOARD:

APPROVED:

ACTING SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE

8. M. Graham, Chairman,

M. L. Koehn, Secretary,
J. W. Kirkbride, F. E. Rolf,
W. H, Walther, Small,
J. M. Kitterman, ; Buckner,
H. J. DeLong, J. R. Garrett,
0. €, Hamilton, C. J. Koines,
R. L. Schulte, W. J. Walker,

WoW. Wilken,

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 2

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



PEACHES

t PRODUCTION 1 PRODUCTION
STATE + POUNDS _1/ 1 48 LB. EQUIVALENT
v TOTAL! SINDICATEO! TOTAL STNOTCATED
11976 t1978 ft 1976 * 1977 14 1978
’ MILLION UNITS 19000 UNITS
PEACHES: +
ALA 1 14.0 1040 15.0 292 208 313
ARK t 42.0 4060 37.0 a7s 833 77
GA t 20040 9000 150.0 49167 19875 39125
La ' 7.0 665 720 166 135 146
MISS t 5.9 4.9 400 104 83 83
NC : 2540 35.0 4400 521 729 917
OKLA 1 860 1060 1240 167 208 229
sc 1 27060 27500 220.0 S625 59729 49583
TEX : 1740 48.0 4500 354 14000 939
9 SOUTHERN STATES : 588.0 518.5 §33.0 12,251 10,800 11,105
T7 INCLUDES UNHA UCTION AND EXCESS CULLAGE

(MILLION POUNDS) $9 SOUTHERN STATES¢1976°66.90197791105

ALMONDS.
STATE 1 PRODUCTION
: TOTAL 1 TOTAL ? IND
i 1976 t 1977 1 1976
' TONS
’
CALIF + 233,000 2494000 2205000
HAWATT
cRoP f AREA HARVESTED \ YIELO n PRODUCTION
4.1975 1 1976 | 3977" ¢ 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1975 1 1976 | 1977
! ‘ACRES 19000 POUNDS
BANANAS H 630 $50 550 968 Gal 1005 69200 50030 59800
PAPAYAS 1 tr84o 15930 20155 21.7 2569 2905 399896 509037 639568
i)

TARO 460 460 470 1665 1640 1667 79592 70350 72870

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978 13 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


TOBACCO

STATE : AREA HARVESTED : YIELD PRODUCTION
: THD 5 THD. IND
: 1976 : 1977 2 1976 977 1976 : 1977
: ACRES POUNDS 75000 POUNDS
ALA : 640 550 19800 19900 915)
CONN : 49550 3500 25580 24806 bars Me20
FLA : 149350 119840 29148 29096 309828 244798
GA : 689000 654000 19820 29075 1236760 1340875
INO : 79500 69900 = -24420 24400 189150 159560
ky : 2079000 1966750 29403 29297 4979401 4529026
LA : 140 1460 700 850 98 tT)
Lied 3 239000 239000 14300 19300 299900 294900
MASS : 10 e160 14525 19643 19845 14905
M0 : 29500 29190 29360 59256 30850
NC : 4484000 3924600 29015 19896 9029930 7449525
OHIO : 125100 104400 29103 29143 239343 224283
PA : 134500 134500 14750 19940 239625 260190
sc 759000 685000 29045 29040 1539375 1334720
TENN 680450 689460 21040 19997 1399668 1354746
VA 866780 799700 19773 19796 1536878 142,985
W VA 19800 15600 19790 29020 39222 34232
WIS 119100 124050 16821 20059 200209 245809
us 140469520 9579650 24065 14997 291359829 199120187
TOBACCO
Hi SEASON AVERAGE PRICE PER
STATE POUND RECEIVED BY FARMERS, VALUE OF PRODUCTION
H 1976 z 1977 5 1976 ; 1977
5 CENTS” T5000 DOLLARS
ALA : 105.0 122.0 1,210 1,160
CONN 3 406.5 47.2 29,222 2,655
FLA : 114.9 122.6 35,436 30,396
6A : 110.5 115.1 136,755 155,241
IND : 113.0 119.5 20,510 19,789
Ky : 115.8 121.8 576,005 550, 342
LA : 150.0 159.7 147 190
MD : 110.0 y 32,890 35,461
MASS : 468.6 7.4 8,645 331
Mo : 106.0 115.3 5,571 6,745
Ne : 110.7 116.8 999,437 869, 666
OHIO : 106.5 112.4 24,871 25,057
PA : 60.0 60.0 14,175 15,714
sc : 112.0 123.3 171,780 171,042
TENN : Wl 117.8 163,529 161,063
vA : 107.2 116.1 164,900 166,057
WA : 108.5 113.0 3,496 3,652
WIS : 74.9 85.5 15,144 21,212
us : 2.5 116.9 2,403,723 2,235,773

TT EVALUATED AT 118.6 CENTS PER POUND, THE AVERAGE OF AUCTION SALES THROUGH MAY 4.

CROP PRODUCTION, MAY 1978

CROP REPORTING 80ARD, ESCS, USOA