Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released October 12, 2011, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department 

of Agriculture (USDA).

Corn Production Down 1 Percent from September Forecast

Soybean Production Down 1 Percent

Cotton Production Up Slightly

Orange Production Up 1 Percent from Last Season

Corn production is forecast at 12.4 billion bushels, down 1 percent from the September forecast and down slightly from 

the 2010 production estimate. If realized, this will be the fourth largest production total on record for the United States. 

Based on conditions as of October 1, yields are expected to average 148.1 bushels per acre, unchanged from the 

September forecast but down 4.7 bushels from 2010. If realized, this will be the lowest average yield since 2005. Area 

harvested for grain is forecast at 83.9 million acres, down 1 percent from the September forecast. Acreage updates were 

made in several States based on administrative data. 

Soybean production is forecast at 3.06 billion bushels, down 1 percent from September and down 8 percent from last 

year. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 41.5 bushels per acre, down 0.3 bushel from last 

month and down 2 bushels from last year. If realized, the average yield will be the second lowest since 2003. Area for 

harvest is forecast at 73.7 million acres, down slightly from September and down 4 percent from 2010.

All cotton production is forecast at 16.6 million 480-pound bales, up slightly from last month but down 8 percent from 

last year. Yield is expected to average 809 pounds per harvested acre, down 3 pounds from last year. Upland cotton 

production is forecast at 15.9 million 480-pound bales, down 10 percent from 2010. American Pima production, forecast 

at 737,200 bales, was carried forward from last month.

The United States all orange forecast for the 2011-2012 season is 8.99 million tons, up 1 percent from the 2010-2011 

final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 147 million boxes (6.62 million tons), is up 5 percent from last 

season’s final utilization. Early, midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 74.0 million boxes (3.33 million 

tons), 5 percent higher than last season. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 73.0 million boxes (3.29 million tons), is 

up 4 percent from the 2010-2011 crop. Weather conditions in Florida during early 2011 were characterized by drought 

conditions covering the majority of the citrus growing region. Seasonal showers in August and September brought relief 

to some growers. Average fruit per tree is projected to be 3 percent lower than last season. California’s Navel orange crop 

continued to develop slightly behind schedule, with harvest expected to begin in November.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2011-2012 season is 1.60 gallons per box at 

42.0 degrees Brix, up 1 percent from last season’s final yield of 1.59 gallons per box. Projected yield from the 2011-2012 

early-midseason and Valencia varieties will be published in the January Crop Production report. All projections of yield 

assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons.
2 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This report was approved on October 12, 2011.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Michael T. Scuse

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (October 2011) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Selected Crops Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2011 ...................................................................... 6

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011....................................................................................................................................................................... 8

Corn Production – United States Chart................................................................................................................................... 9

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011....................................................................................................................................................................... 9

Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011................ 10

Rice Production by Class – United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011............................................................... 10

Soybean Production – United States Chart........................................................................................................................... 10

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Sunflower Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 12

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 13

Canola Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 13

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011................................................................... 15

Cotton Production – United States Chart.............................................................................................................................. 15

Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures for Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 

and Forecasted October 1, 2011............................................................................................................................................ 16

All Other Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 17

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 18

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011 .................................................................................................................................................. 18

Dry Edible Bean Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011 .................................................................................................................................................. 19

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011..................................................................................................................................................................... 20
4 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011...................................................................................................................................................21

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2010-2011 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011.....................................................................................................................................................................22

Commercial Apple Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011 .....................................23

Pecan Production by Variety – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011 ........................................24

Grape Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011..........................................................25

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units) .........................................................26

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)....................................................................27

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)..............................................................28

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units).........................................................................29

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2011 and 2012 (Domestic Units)....................................................................30

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2011 and 2012 (Metric Units).........................................................................31

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2007-2011 ..............................................................................32

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2007-2011 .......................................................................33

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2007-2011.............................................................................................34

Percent of Normal Precipitation............................................................................................................................................35

Departure from Normal Temperature....................................................................................................................................35

September Weather Summary...............................................................................................................................................36

September Agricultural Summary.........................................................................................................................................36

Crop Comments ....................................................................................................................................................................38

Statistical Methodology.........................................................................................................................................................44

Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecast...............................................................................................................45

Information Contacts.............................................................................................................................................................46
Crop Production (October 2011) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This page intentionally left blank.
6 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Selected Crops Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2011

[Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published]

State

Corn Sorghum Soybeans Dry edible beans

Planted Harvested Planted Harvested Planted Harvested Planted Harvested

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Alabama .................

Arizona ...................

Arkansas .................

California ................

Colorado .................

Connecticut .............

Delaware ................

Florida .....................

Georgia ...................

Idaho .......................

Illinois ......................

Indiana ....................

Iowa ........................

Kansas ....................

Kentucky .................

Louisiana ................

Maine ......................

Maryland .................

Massachusetts ........

Michigan .................

Minnesota ...............

Mississippi ..............

Missouri ..................

Montana ..................

Nebraska ................

Nevada ...................

New Hampshire ......

New Jersey .............

New Mexico ............

New York ................

North Carolina .........

North Dakota ...........

Ohio ........................

Oklahoma ...............

Oregon ....................

Pennsylvania ..........

Rhode Island ...........

South Carolina ........

South Dakota ..........

Tennessee ..............

Texas ......................

Utah ........................

Vermont ..................

Virginia ....................

Washington .............

West Virginia ...........

Wisconsin ...............

Wyoming .................

United States ..........

270

50

560

610

1,500

26

190

65

345

350

12,600

5,900

14,100

4,900

1,380

580

29

500

17

2,500

8,100

820

3,300

75

9,850

8

15

90

125

1,100

870

2,250

3,400

380

83

1,400

2

360

5,200

790

2,050

85

90

490

190

47

4,150

105

91,897

240

18

510

150

1,350

183

28

290

100

12,400

5,700

13,650

4,300

1,280

560

440

2,200

7,650

770

3,120

36

9,500

82

51

620

800

2,050

3,220

230

52

930

335

4,800

730

1,700

30

340

115

31

3,280

65

83,936

18

100

220

50

22

2,600

130

52

40

150

95

290

150

1,550

5,467

6

85

160

35

20

2,350

125

50

35

71

30

130

85

1,250

4,432

300

3,330

170

18

155

8,900

5,300

9,350

4,000

1,480

1,020

470

1,950

7,100

1,830

5,350

4,900

88

280

1,380

4,000

4,550

440

490

370

4,100

1,290

165

560

20

1,610

74,966

290

3,250

168

16

145

8,850

5,290

9,260

3,800

1,470

980

460

1,940

7,010

1,780

5,250

4,850

86

277

1,350

3,950

4,540

250

485

360

4,050

1,250

110

540

19

1,600

73,676

8.0

46.0

40.0

85.0

6.5

170.0

140.0

18.0

110.0

12.6

12.0

410.0

4.4

7.7

18.0

70.0

5.5

35.0

1,198.7

7.9

45.0

38.0

84.0

6.0

165.0

130.0

16.8

102.0

12.6

11.5

370.0

4.3

7.1

15.0

70.0

5.5

33.0

1,123.7

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (October 2011) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Selected Crops Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2011 (continued)

[Includes updates to planted and harvested area previously published]

State

Canola

Sunflower

Oil Non-oil All

Planted Harvested Planted Harvested Planted Harvested Planted Harvested

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

California .................

Colorado ..................

Idaho .......................

Kansas ....................

Minnesota ................

Montana ..................

Nebraska .................

North Dakota ...........

Oklahoma ................

Oregon ....................

South Dakota ...........

Texas ......................

Other States 1..........

United States ...........

19.0

29.0

31.0

860.0

100.0

5.2

26.8

1,071.0

18.5

28.0

30.0

850.0

93.0

5.0

25.5

1,050.0

40.0

110.0

115.0

28.0

38.0

510.0

4.5

415.0

29.0

(X)

1,289.5

39.5

100.0

105.0

27.0

36.0

495.0

4.2

405.0

25.0

(X)

1,236.7

4.0

18.0

19.0

12.0

21.0

70.0

1.5

70.0

39.0

(X)

254.5

4.0

16.0

18.0

11.0

20.0

66.0

1.3

65.0

35.0

(X)

236.3

44.0

128.0

134.0

40.0

59.0

580.0

6.0

485.0

68.0

(X)

1,544.0

43.5

116.0

123.0

38.0

56.0

561.0

5.5

470.0

60.0

(X)

1,473.0

(X) Not applicable.

1 Other States for Canola include Colorado, Kansas, and Washington.
8 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama .........................

Arkansas .........................

California ........................

Colorado .........................

Delaware ........................

Georgia ...........................

Illinois ..............................

Indiana ............................

Iowa ................................

Kansas ............................

Kentucky .........................

Louisiana ........................

Maryland .........................

Michigan .........................

Minnesota .......................

Mississippi ......................

Missouri ..........................

Nebraska ........................

New Jersey .....................

New York ........................

North Carolina .................

North Dakota ...................

Ohio ................................

Oklahoma .......................

Pennsylvania ..................

South Carolina ................

South Dakota ..................

Tennessee ......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

Washington .....................

Wisconsin .......................

Other States 1.................

United States ..................

250

380

180

1,210

173

245

12,400

5,720

13,050

4,650

1,230

500

430

2,100

7,300

670

3,000

8,850

71

590

840

1,880

3,270

340

910

335

4,220

640

2,080

310

125

3,100

397

81,446

240

510

150

1,350

183

290

12,400

5,700

13,650

4,300

1,280

560

440

2,200

7,650

770

3,120

9,500

82

620

800

2,050

3,220

230

930

335

4,800

730

1,700

340

115

3,280

411

83,936

116.0

150.0

195.0

151.0

115.0

145.0

157.0

157.0

165.0

125.0

124.0

140.0

106.0

150.0

177.0

136.0

123.0

166.0

114.0

150.0

91.0

132.0

163.0

130.0

128.0

91.0

135.0

117.0

145.0

67.0

205.0

162.0

160.5

152.8

105.0

146.0

185.0

127.0

125.0

147.0

161.0

145.0

167.0

105.0

139.0

130.0

104.0

148.0

165.0

114.0

120.0

160.0

130.0

134.0

78.0

125.0

153.0

90.0

114.0

57.0

138.0

137.0

112.0

124.0

215.0

157.0

160.3

148.1

107.0

142.0

185.0

127.0

125.0

152.0

159.0

145.0

169.0

105.0

139.0

135.0

105.0

148.0

165.0

118.0

115.0

160.0

130.0

130.0

84.0

121.0

154.0

85.0

109.0

57.0

139.0

137.0

112.0

119.0

210.0

160.0

159.5

148.1

29,000

57,000

35,100

182,710

19,895

35,525

1,946,800

898,040

2,153,250

581,250

152,520

70,000

45,580

315,000

1,292,100

91,120

369,000

1,469,100

8,094

88,500

76,440

248,160

533,010

44,200

116,480

30,485

569,700

74,880

301,600

20,770

25,625

502,200

63,731

12,446,865

25,680

72,420

27,750

171,450

22,875

44,080

1,971,600

826,500

2,306,850

451,500

177,920

75,600

46,200

325,600

1,262,250

90,860

358,800

1,520,000

10,660

80,600

67,200

248,050

495,880

19,550

101,370

19,095

667,200

100,010

190,400

40,460

24,150

524,800

65,550

12,432,910

1 Other States include Arizona, Florida, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will 

be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (October 2011) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas .......................

Colorado ........................

Illinois ............................

Kansas ..........................

Louisiana .......................

Mississippi .....................

Missouri .........................

Nebraska .......................

New Mexico ...................

Oklahoma ......................

South Dakota .................

Texas ............................

Other States 1................

United States .................

35

160

33

2,250

78

10

33

75

68

250

85

1,700

31

4,808

85

160

20

2,350

125

50

35

71

30

130

85

1,250

41

4,432

77.0

47.0

96.0

76.0

95.0

65.0

78.0

90.0

66.0

52.0

62.0

70.0

60.3

71.8

88.0

38.0

87.0

55.0

81.0

78.0

80.0

87.0

59.0

23.0

70.0

52.0

48.4

55.6

74.0

39.0

94.0

55.0

81.0

75.0

80.0

85.0

65.0

23.0

65.0

52.0

47.9

55.0

2,695

7,520

3,168

171,000

7,410

650

2,574

6,750

4,488

13,000

5,270

119,000

1,870

345,395

6,290

6,240

1,880

129,250

10,125

3,750

2,800

6,035

1,950

2,990

5,525

65,000

1,965

243,800

1 Other States include Arizona and Georgia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Billion bushels

Corn Production – United States
10 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield Production 1

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Arkansas ................

California ...............

Louisiana ...............

Mississippi .............

Missouri .................

Texas .....................

United States .........

1,785

553

535

303

251

188

3,615

1,155

588

420

153

128

180

2,624

6,480

8,020

6,100

6,850

6,480

7,160

6,725

7,000

8,400

6,400

7,200

7,200

7,500

7,273

6,800

8,300

6,400

7,100

7,200

7,000

7,123

115,675

44,326

32,625

20,756

16,254

13,468

243,104

78,540

48,804

26,880

10,863

9,216

12,600

186,903

1

Includes sweet rice production.

Rice Production by Class – United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

Year Long grain Medium grain Short grain 1 All

(1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

2010 ........................

2011 2......................

183,296

116,774

57,144

67,202

2,664

2,927

243,104

186,903

1 Sweet rice production included with short grain.

2

The 2011 rice production by class forecasts are based on class harvested acreage estimates and the 5-year average class yield compared to the all 

rice yield.

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.5

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Billion bushels

Soybean Production – United States
Crop Production (October 2011) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama ...........................

Arkansas ..........................

Delaware ..........................

Georgia ............................

Illinois ...............................

Indiana .............................

Iowa ..................................

Kansas .............................

Kentucky ...........................

Louisiana ..........................

Maryland ...........................

Michigan ...........................

Minnesota .........................

Mississippi ........................

Missouri ............................

Nebraska ..........................

New Jersey .......................

New York ..........................

North Carolina ..................

North Dakota ....................

Ohio ..................................

Oklahoma .........................

Pennsylvania ....................

South Carolina ..................

South Dakota ....................

Tennessee ........................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

Wisconsin .........................

Other States 1...................

United States ....................

345

3,150

173

255

9,050

5,330

9,730

4,250

1,390

1,020

465

2,040

7,310

1,980

5,070

5,100

92

279

1,550

4,070

4,590

475

495

455

4,140

1,410

185

540

1,630

41

76,610

290

3,250

168

145

8,850

5,290

9,260

3,800

1,470

980

460

1,940

7,010

1,780

5,250

4,850

86

277

1,350

3,950

4,540

250

485

360

4,050

1,250

110

540

1,600

35

73,676

26.0

35.0

32.0

26.0

51.5

48.5

51.0

32.5

34.0

41.0

34.0

43.5

45.0

38.5

41.5

52.5

24.0

48.0

26.0

34.0

48.0

25.0

42.0

23.0

38.0

31.0

30.0

26.0

50.5

30.0

43.5

28.0

37.0

37.0

21.0

48.0

42.0

51.0

27.0

37.0

35.0

35.0

44.0

41.0

40.0

39.0

55.0

33.0

41.0

29.0

30.0

46.0

18.0

42.0

26.0

38.0

34.0

17.0

37.0

45.0

31.9

41.8

30.0

37.0

38.0

21.0

46.0

42.0

50.5

27.0

39.0

36.0

39.0

44.0

41.0

40.0

37.0

54.0

34.0

42.0

31.0

29.0

46.0

17.0

42.0

26.0

39.0

35.0

15.0

39.0

45.0

35.4

41.5

8,970

110,250

5,536

6,630

466,075

258,505

496,230

138,125

47,260

41,820

15,810

88,740

328,950

76,230

210,405

267,750

2,208

13,392

40,300

138,380

220,320

11,875

20,790

10,465

157,320

43,710

5,550

14,040

82,315

1,230

3,329,181

8,700

120,250

6,384

3,045

407,100

222,180

467,630

102,600

57,330

35,280

17,940

85,360

287,410

71,200

194,250

261,900

2,924

11,634

41,850

114,550

208,840

4,250

20,370

9,360

157,950

43,750

1,650

21,060

72,000

1,240

3,059,987

1 Other States include Florida and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
12 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sunflower Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Varietal type

and State

Area harvested Yield Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 12010 2011 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Oil

California ................................

Colorado .................................

Kansas ....................................

Minnesota ...............................

Nebraska ................................

North Dakota ...........................

Oklahoma ...............................

South Dakota ..........................

Texas ......................................

United States ..........................

Non-oil

California ................................

Colorado .................................

Kansas ....................................

Minnesota ...............................

Nebraska ................................

North Dakota ...........................

Oklahoma ...............................

South Dakota ..........................

Texas ......................................

United States ..........................

All

California ................................

Colorado .................................

Kansas ....................................

Minnesota ...............................

Nebraska ................................

North Dakota ...........................

Oklahoma ...............................

South Dakota ..........................

Texas ......................................

United States ..........................

27.0

92.0

105.0

51.0

24.0

685.0

10.5

400.0

28.0

1,422.5

7.0

35.0

28.0

31.0

34.0

177.0

1.3

95.0

43.0

451.3

34.0

127.0

133.0

82.0

58.0

862.0

11.8

495.0

71.0

1,873.8

39.5

100.0

105.0

27.0

36.0

495.0

4.2

405.0

25.0

1,236.7

4.0

16.0

18.0

11.0

20.0

66.0

1.3

65.0

35.0

236.3

43.5

116.0

123.0

38.0

56.0

561.0

5.5

470.0

60.0

1,473.0

1,150

1,350

1,380

1,500

1,350

1,460

1,500

1,540

1,200

1,458

1,350

1,250

1,470

1,300

1,500

1,440

1,100

1,650

1,450

1,465

1,191

1,322

1,399

1,424

1,438

1,456

1,456

1,561

1,351

1,460

1,032

1,100

1,307

1,257

1,271

1,342

1,267

1,786

658

1,420

31,050

124,200

144,900

76,500

32,400

1,000,100

15,750

616,000

33,600

2,074,500

9,450

43,750

41,160

40,300

51,000

254,880

1,430

156,750

62,350

661,070

40,500

167,950

186,060

116,800

83,400

1,254,980

17,180

772,750

95,950

2,735,570

44,900

127,600

160,800

47,750

71,200

752,730

6,970

839,550

39,500

2,091,000

1

2011 yield and production estimates for oil and non-oil varieties will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (October 2011) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Alabama ..............................

Florida .................................

Georgia ...............................

Mississippi ...........................

New Mexico .........................

North Carolina .....................

Oklahoma ............................

South Carolina .....................

Texas ..................................

Virginia ................................

United States .......................

190.0

145.0

565.0

19.0

10.0

87.0

22.0

67.0

165.0

18.0

1,288.0

170.0

170.0

475.0

16.0

7.0

82.0

24.0

77.0

110.0

16.0

1,147.0

185.0

135.0

555.0

18.0

10.0

86.0

21.0

64.0

163.0

18.0

1,255.0

167.0

157.0

470.0

15.0

7.0

81.0

23.0

73.0

105.0

16.0

1,114.0

State

Yield per acre Production

2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Alabama ..............................

Florida .................................

Georgia ...............................

Mississippi ...........................

New Mexico .........................

North Carolina .....................

Oklahoma ............................

South Carolina .....................

Texas ..................................

Virginia ................................

United States .......................

2,600

3,500

3,530

3,500

3,400

2,700

3,350

3,500

3,600

1,880

3,312

2,600

3,000

3,400

3,400

3,000

3,300

3,000

3,000

2,600

3,400

3,104

2,800

3,400

3,450

3,600

3,000

3,400

2,800

3,000

3,000

3,500

3,256

481,000

472,500

1,959,150

63,000

34,000

232,200

70,350

224,000

586,800

33,840

4,156,840

467,600

533,800

1,621,500

54,000

21,000

275,400

64,400

219,000

315,000

56,000

3,627,700

Canola Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Idaho .....................................

Minnesota ..............................

Montana ................................

North Dakota .........................

Oklahoma ..............................

Oregon ..................................

Other States 1........................

United States .........................

18.4

45.0

17.4

1,270.0

56.0

5.7

18.5

1,431.0

18.5

28.0

30.0

850.0

93.0

5.0

25.5

1,050.0

1,800

1,530

1,730

1,720

1,600

2,450

1,671

1,713

2,150

1,320

1,450

1,460

1,200

3,000

1,738

1,459

33,120

68,850

30,102

2,184,400

89,600

13,965

30,910

2,450,947

39,775

36,960

43,500

1,241,000

111,600

15,000

44,330

1,532,165

1 Other States include Colorado, Kansas, and Washington.
14 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011

Type and State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production 1

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 bales) 2(1,000 bales) 2

Upland

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas ..........................

California .........................

Florida ..............................

Georgia ............................

Kansas .............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina ..................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

United States ...................

American Pima 3

Arizona ............................

California .........................

New Mexico .....................

Texas ...............................

United States ...................

All 

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas ..........................

California .........................

Florida ..............................

Georgia ............................

Kansas .............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina ..................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

United States ...................

338.0

193.0

540.0

123.0

89.0

1,315.0

50.0

249.0

410.0

308.0

47.0

545.0

270.0

201.0

387.0

5,350.0

82.0

10,497.0

2.5

180.0

2.7

16.5

201.7

338.0

195.5

540.0

303.0

89.0

1,315.0

50.0

249.0

410.0

308.0

49.7

545.0

270.0

201.0

387.0

5,366.5

82.0

10,698.7

440.0

248.0

660.0

181.0

120.0

1,520.0

67.0

285.0

605.0

365.0

63.0

800.0

100.0

303.0

490.0

3,200.0

115.0

9,562.0

11.0

259.0

3.0

14.5

287.5

440.0

259.0

660.0

440.0

120.0

1,520.0

67.0

285.0

605.0

365.0

66.0

800.0

100.0

303.0

490.0

3,214.5

115.0

9,849.5

682

1,517

1,045

1,483

766

821

787

842

993

1,068

1,174

838

750

898

845

703

732

805

845

1,237

836

902

1,200

682

1,509

1,045

1,337

766

821

787

842

993

1,068

1,156

838

750

898

845

704

732

812

698

1,510

1,018

1,485

724

789

595

926

936

1,092

876

720

432

745

823

630

835

794

873

1,269

832

894

1,231

698

1,483

1,018

1,358

724

789

595

926

936

1,092

874

720

432

745

823

631

835

807

731

1,510

996

1,485

712

853

595

893

960

1,131

952

702

504

776

823

600

835

797

873

1,269

832

894

1,231

731

1,483

996

1,358

712

853

595

893

960

1,131

947

702

504

776

823

601

835

809

480.0

610.0

1,176.0

380.0

142.0

2,250.0

82.0

437.0

848.0

685.0

115.0

951.0

422.0

376.0

681.0

7,840.0

125.0

17,600.0

4.4

464.0

4.7

31.0

504.1

480.0

614.4

1,176.0

844.0

142.0

2,250.0

82.0

437.0

848.0

685.0

119.7

951.0

422.0

376.0

681.0

7,871.0

125.0

18,104.1

670.0

780.0

1,370.0

560.0

178.0

2,700.0

83.0

530.0

1,210.0

860.0

125.0

1,170.0

105.0

490.0

840.0

4,000.0

200.0

15,871.0

20.0

685.0

5.2

27.0

737.2

670.0

800.0

1,370.0

1,245.0

178.0

2,700.0

83.0

530.0

1,210.0

860.0

130.2

1,170.0

105.0

490.0

840.0

4,027.0

200.0

16,608.2

1 Production ginned and to be ginned.

2

480-pound net weight bale.

3 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production (October 2011) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Production

2010 2011 1

(1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

United States ............................ 6,098.1 5,572.0

1 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

24.0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Million bales

Cotton Production – United States
16 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures for Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 

2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Arizona ........................

California .....................

Colorado ......................

Idaho ............................

Illinois ...........................

Indiana .........................

Iowa .............................

Kansas .........................

Kentucky ......................

Michigan ......................

Minnesota ....................

Missouri .......................

Montana .......................

Nebraska .....................

Nevada ........................

New Mexico .................

New York .....................

North Dakota ................

Ohio .............................

Oklahoma ....................

Oregon .........................

Pennsylvania ...............

South Dakota ...............

Texas ...........................

Utah .............................

Virginia .........................

Washington ..................

Wisconsin ....................

Wyoming ......................

Other States 1..............

United States ...............

280

920

820

1,130

340

300

880

650

230

700

1,100

240

1,950

890

280

220

420

1,560

390

310

415

500

2,150

120

540

80

450

1,300

620

171

19,956

250

940

820

1,020

290

300

730

650

250

700

1,100

220

1,950

850

275

230

450

1,500

400

300

380

450

2,250

140

540

70

390

1,150

570

164

19,329

8.20

6.80

3.50

4.20

3.80

3.60

3.40

3.80

2.80

3.00

3.60

2.80

2.30

4.10

4.30

5.20

2.10

2.30

3.30

3.30

4.30

2.60

2.40

5.00

4.00

2.30

5.00

2.90

2.60

2.58

3.40

7.90

6.90

3.40

4.50

3.80

3.50

3.40

3.00

3.20

3.20

3.70

2.80

2.40

4.00

4.70

5.20

1.90

2.00

3.00

1.30

4.50

2.50

2.60

3.20

4.20

3.50

4.80

2.70

2.60

2.72

3.35

2,296

6,256

2,870

4,746

1,292

1,080

2,992

2,470

644

2,100

3,960

672

4,485

3,649

1,204

1,144

882

3,588

1,287

1,023

1,785

1,300

5,160

600

2,160

184

2,250

3,770

1,612

442

67,903

1,975

6,486

2,788

4,590

1,102

1,050

2,482

1,950

800

2,240

4,070

616

4,680

3,400

1,293

1,196

855

3,000

1,200

390

1,710

1,125

5,850

448

2,268

245

1,872

3,105

1,482

446

64,714

1 Other States include Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Carolina, Rhode 

Island, Tennessee, Vermont, and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (October 2011) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

All Other Hay Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Alabama ..........................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Colorado ..........................

Georgia ...........................

Idaho ...............................

Illinois ..............................

Indiana ............................

Iowa .................................

Kansas ............................

Kentucky ..........................

Louisiana .........................

Michigan ..........................

Minnesota ........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

Montana ..........................

Nebraska .........................

New York .........................

North Carolina .................

North Dakota ...................

Ohio .................................

Oklahoma ........................

Oregon ............................

Pennsylvania ...................

South Dakota ...................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

Washington .....................

West Virginia ...................

Wisconsin ........................

Wyoming .........................

Other States 1..................

United States ...................

780

1,470

550

780

650

340

260

370

320

1,900

2,300

450

300

800

700

3,600

900

1,800

960

860

990

720

2,900

630

1,000

1,450

1,950

5,100

1,250

390

600

360

570

1,906

39,906

800

1,490

550

820

570

350

270

330

340

1,900

2,100

400

300

700

720

3,600

800

1,700

1,080

800

1,000

710

2,700

630

1,000

1,200

1,900

4,500

1,280

390

610

350

500

1,886

38,276

2.40

1.80

3.60

1.50

2.50

2.10

2.40

2.20

2.40

1.70

2.20

2.80

2.10

1.80

2.30

1.90

1.80

1.50

1.60

2.10

1.75

2.20

1.70

2.10

2.10

1.50

2.10

2.00

1.60

3.00

1.50

2.10

1.50

2.04

1.95

2.00

1.50

3.50

1.40

1.50

2.20

2.10

2.30

2.00

1.50

2.40

2.90

2.00

1.90

2.40

1.60

1.70

1.40

1.70

2.50

1.70

2.10

0.90

2.10

2.10

1.70

2.20

1.00

2.20

3.20

2.00

2.10

1.40

2.08

1.75

1,872

2,646

1,980

1,170

1,625

714

624

814

768

3,230

5,060

1,260

630

1,440

1,610

6,840

1,620

2,700

1,536

1,806

1,733

1,584

4,930

1,323

2,100

2,175

4,095

10,200

2,000

1,170

900

756

855

3,887

77,653

1,600

2,235

1,925

1,148

855

770

567

759

680

2,850

5,040

1,160

600

1,330

1,728

5,760

1,360

2,380

1,836

2,000

1,700

1,491

2,430

1,323

2,100

2,040

4,180

4,500

2,816

1,248

1,220

735

700

3,914

66,980

1 Other States include Arizona, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, 

Rhode Island, South Carolina, Utah, and Vermont. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
18 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011

[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]

State

Area harvested Yield Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

California 1................

Colorado ...................

Idaho .........................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

Montana ....................

Nebraska ..................

North Dakota .............

Oregon ......................

Wyoming ...................

United States ............

25.1

27.9

170.0

147.0

441.0

42.5

47.5

214.0

10.3

30.4

1,155.7

25.0

28.7

178.0

149.0

462.0

43.1

51.0

231.0

8.8

31.0

1,207.6

40.0

29.5

31.0

26.0

26.6

29.5

23.8

26.5

36.3

27.0

27.6

43.0

26.0

32.2

24.6

20.5

25.1

24.5

22.0

34.3

25.0

24.2

43.0

26.0

32.2

24.6

20.5

25.1

24.5

22.0

34.3

25.0

24.2

1,004

823

5,270

3,822

11,731

1,254

1,131

5,671

374

821

31,901

1,075

746

5,732

3,665

9,471

1,082

1,250

5,082

302

775

29,180

1 Relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern 

California.

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 

2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield 1 Production 1

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Florida .......................

Hawaii .......................

Louisiana ..................

Texas ........................

United States ............

392.0

17.4

420.0

48.1

877.5

397.0

17.0

420.0

49.0

883.0

33.1

71.6

27.8

30.5

31.2

35.0

77.4

28.0

33.7

32.4

35.0

77.4

28.0

33.7

32.4

12,972

1,245

11,676

1,467

27,360

13,895

1,316

11,760

1,651

28,622

1 Net tons.
Crop Production (October 2011) 19

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Dry Edible Bean Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 12010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Arizona 2..............................

California .............................

Colorado ..............................

Idaho ...................................

Kansas ................................

Michigan ..............................

Minnesota ............................

Montana 2............................

Nebraska .............................

New Mexico 2.......................

New York .............................

North Dakota .......................

Oregon 2..............................

South Dakota .......................

Texas ..................................

Washington .........................

Wisconsin 2..........................

Wyoming .............................

United States .......................

13.0

63.5

70.0

135.0

9.5

236.0

185.0

18.8

170.0

13.8

15.0

800.0

7.1

12.5

21.0

86.0

6.2

49.0

1,911.4

8.0

46.0

40.0

85.0

6.5

170.0

140.0

18.0

110.0

12.6

12.0

410.0

4.4

7.7

18.0

70.0

5.5

35.0

1,198.7

12.9

63.0

66.0

134.0

9.0

235.0

175.0

17.7

155.0

13.8

14.9

770.0

6.9

11.3

19.0

86.0

6.2

47.0

1,842.7

7.9

45.0

38.0

84.0

6.0

165.0

130.0

16.8

102.0

12.6

11.5

370.0

4.3

7.1

15.0

70.0

5.5

33.0

1,123.7

State

Yield 3 Production 3

2010 2011 2010 2011

(pounds) (pounds) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Arizona 2..............................

California .............................

Colorado ..............................

Idaho ...................................

Kansas ................................

Michigan ..............................

Minnesota ............................

Montana 2............................

Nebraska .............................

New Mexico 2.......................

New York .............................

North Dakota .......................

Oregon 2..............................

South Dakota .......................

Texas ..................................

Washington .........................

Wisconsin 2..........................

Wyoming .............................

United States .......................

1,880

2,320

1,900

1,900

2,600

1,800

1,750

2,030

2,060

2,330

1,890

1,490

2,160

2,040

1,210

1,600

2,150

2,180

1,726

1,960

2,200

1,600

1,800

1,900

1,800

1,740

1,700

2,050

2,300

1,500

1,550

2,300

1,800

1,000

1,600

2,150

2,400

1,744

243

1,462

1,254

2,546

234

4,230

3,062

359

3,193

322

282

11,473

149

230

229

1,376

133

1,024

31,801

155

990

608

1,512

114

2,970

2,262

286

2,091

290

173

5,735

99

128

150

1,120

118

792

19,593

1 Updated from the August Crop Production report.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

3 Clean basis.
20 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

October 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

September 1 October 1

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Connecticut ..................

Georgia ........................

Kentucky ......................

Massachusetts .............

North Carolina ..............

Ohio 1...........................

Pennsylvania ...............

South Carolina .............

Tennessee ...................

Virginia .........................

United States ...............

2,600

11,400

85,200

950

168,300

2,500

8,500

16,000

22,300

19,750

337,500

2,050

11,500

77,500

530

170,300

1,900

9,700

14,500

22,000

21,900

331,880

1,665

2,400

2,133

1,768

2,095

2,050

2,349

2,250

2,051

2,243

2,130

1,648

2,400

2,125

1,732

1,648

2,000

2,252

1,600

2,172

2,234

1,875

1,566

2,350

2,215

1,591

1,697

2,000

2,119

1,600

2,153

2,336

1,922

4,329

27,360

181,760

1,680

352,625

5,125

19,965

36,000

45,740

44,299

718,883

3,210

27,025

171,700

843

289,050

3,800

20,555

23,200

47,360

51,160

637,903

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production (October 2011) 21

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2010 

and Forecasted October 1, 2011

Class, type, and State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)

Georgia ............................................................................

North Carolina ..................................................................

South Carolina ..................................................................

Virginia .............................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)

Kentucky ...........................................................................

Tennessee ........................................................................

Virginia .............................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 3A, Light air-cured

Type 31, Burley

 Kentucky .......................................................................

 North Carolina ..............................................................

 Ohio 1...........................................................................

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

 Tennessee ....................................................................

 Virginia .........................................................................

 United States ................................................................

Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt ......................................

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

Total light air-cured (31-32) ............................................

Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)

Kentucky ...........................................................................

Tennessee ........................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 4, Cigar filler

Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

Class 5, Cigar binder

Type 51 Connecticut Valley Broadleaf

 Connecticut ...................................................................

 Massachusetts ..............................................................

 United States ................................................................

Class 6, Cigar wrapper

Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown

 Connecticut ...................................................................

 Massachusetts ..............................................................

 United States ................................................................

Total cigar types (41-61) .................................................

All tobacco

United States ....................................................................

11,400

166,000

16,000

17,500

210,900

8,800

6,200

650

15,650

72,000

2,300

2,500

4,200

15,000

1,600

97,600

2,200

99,800

4,400

1,100

5,500

2,100

1,950

850

2,800

650

100

750

5,650

337,500

11,500

168,000

14,500

19,500

213,500

9,100

6,900

400

16,400

64,000

2,300

1,900

5,000

14,000

2,000

89,200

3,000

92,200

4,400

1,100

5,500

1,700

1,350

400

1,750

700

130

830

4,280

331,880

2,400

2,100

2,250

2,280

2,143

3,300

2,900

2,090

3,091

1,950

1,750

2,050

2,400

1,660

1,900

1,922

2,250

1,929

2,800

2,600

2,760

2,350

1,720

1,800

1,744

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,937

2,130

2,350

1,700

1,600

2,400

1,792

3,400

3,000

1,900

3,195

2,000

1,500

2,000

2,150

1,700

1,800

1,944

2,050

1,947

2,900

2,600

2,840

2,150

1,600

1,750

1,634

1,500

1,100

1,437

1,801

1,922

27,360

348,600

36,000

39,900

451,860

29,040

17,980

1,359

48,379

140,400

4,025

5,125

10,080

24,900

3,040

187,570

4,950

192,520

12,320

2,860

15,180

4,935

3,354

1,530

4,884

975

150

1,125

10,944

718,883

27,025

285,600

23,200

46,800

382,625

30,940

20,700

760

52,400

128,000

3,450

3,800

10,750

23,800

3,600

173,400

6,150

179,550

12,760

2,860

15,620

3,655

2,160

700

2,860

1,050

143

1,193

7,708

637,903

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
22 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2010-2011 and

Forecasted October 1, 2011

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]

Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2010-2011 2011-2012 2010-2011 2011-2012

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Oranges

Early, mid, and Navel 2

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Valencia

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

All

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Grapefruit

White

 Florida ...............................................

Colored

 Florida ...............................................

All

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Tangerines and mandarins

Arizona 3...............................................

California 3............................................

Florida ...................................................

United States ........................................

Lemons

Arizona .................................................

California ..............................................

United States ........................................

Tangelos

Florida ...................................................

48,000

70,300

1,700

120,000

13,500

70,000

249

83,749

61,500

140,300

1,949

203,749

5,850

13,900

4,100

19,750

6,300

30,150

300

9,900

4,650

14,850

2,500

21,000

23,500

1,150

44,000

74,000

1,380

119,380

13,500

73,000

329

86,829

57,500

147,000

1,709

206,209

5,600

14,500

3,400

20,100

5,100

28,600

200

10,300

4,700

15,200

800

20,000

20,800

1,100

1,920

3,164

72

5,156

540

3,150

11

3,701

2,460

6,314

83

8,857

249

591

164

840

252

1,256

12

396

221

629

100

840

940

52

1,760

3,330

59

5,149

540

3,285

14

3,839

2,300

6,615

73

8,988

238

616

136

854

204

1,194

8

412

223

643

32

800

832

50

1 Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80, tangelos-90; 

tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95.

2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of tangerines 

in Texas and Temples in Florida.

3

Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production (October 2011) 23

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Commercial Apple Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

[In orchards of 100 or more bearing age trees]

State

Total production

2010 2011 1

(million pounds) (million pounds)

Arizona .....................................................

California ..................................................

Colorado ...................................................

Connecticut ..............................................

Idaho ........................................................

Illinois .......................................................

Indiana .....................................................

Iowa ..........................................................

Maine .......................................................

Maryland ...................................................

Massachusetts ..........................................

Michigan ...................................................

Minnesota .................................................

Missouri ....................................................

New Hampshire ........................................

New Jersey ...............................................

New York ..................................................

North Carolina ..........................................

Ohio ..........................................................

Oregon .....................................................

Pennsylvania ............................................

Rhode Island ............................................

Tennessee ................................................

Utah ..........................................................

Vermont ....................................................

Virginia .....................................................

Washington ..............................................

West Virginia ............................................

Wisconsin .................................................

United States ............................................

17.0

280.0

14.0

23.0

60.0

52.0

26.0

3.8

31.0

42.5

37.0

590.0

19.0

33.0

21.0

43.0

1,270.0

136.0

83.2

120.0

492.0

2.6

7.5

12.0

35.0

200.0

5,550.0

64.0

37.0

9,301.6

12.0

280.0

11.0

24.0

60.0

45.0

25.0

4.1

34.0

40.0

38.0

1,100.0

22.4

17.0

22.0

44.0

1,220.0

133.2

55.2

100.0

442.0

2.8

8.5

20.0

38.0

215.0

5,300.0

73.5

43.2

9,429.9

1 Estimates for Michigan, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia, Washington, and West Virginia are October 1 forecasts. All other States' 

estimates are carried forward from an earlier forecast.
24 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Pecan Production by Variety – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

Variety and State

Utilized production (in-shell basis)

2010 2011

(1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Improved varieties 1

Alabama ....................................................................................

Arizona ......................................................................................

Arkansas ....................................................................................

California ...................................................................................

Florida ........................................................................................

Georgia ......................................................................................

Louisiana ...................................................................................

Mississippi .................................................................................

Missouri .....................................................................................

New Mexico ...............................................................................

Oklahoma ..................................................................................

South Carolina ...........................................................................

Texas .........................................................................................

United States .............................................................................

Native and seedling

Alabama ....................................................................................

Arkansas ....................................................................................

Florida ........................................................................................

Georgia ......................................................................................

Kansas .......................................................................................

Louisiana ...................................................................................

Mississippi .................................................................................

Missouri .....................................................................................

Oklahoma ..................................................................................

South Carolina ...........................................................................

Texas .........................................................................................

United States .............................................................................

All 

Alabama ....................................................................................

Arizona ......................................................................................

Arkansas ....................................................................................

California ...................................................................................

Florida ........................................................................................

Georgia ......................................................................................

Kansas .......................................................................................

Louisiana ...................................................................................

Mississippi .................................................................................

Missouri .....................................................................................

New Mexico ...............................................................................

Oklahoma ..................................................................................

South Carolina ...........................................................................

Texas .........................................................................................

United States .............................................................................

4,500

22,000

780

5,700

1,200

70,000

3,500

1,400

180

66,000

6,000

1,300

50,000

232,560

500

320

300

5,000

3,000

16,500

700

660

14,000

200

20,000

61,180

5,000

22,000

1,100

5,700

1,500

75,000

3,000

20,000

2,100

840

66,000

20,000

1,500

70,000

293,740

7,500

21,000

1,500

4,400

1,200

85,000

2,500

1,700

150

56,000

2,300

2,400

30,000

215,650

1,500

1,100

300

5,000

2,500

6,500

500

1,350

6,700

600

10,000

36,050

9,000

21,000

2,600

4,400

1,500

90,000

2,500

9,000

2,200

1,500

56,000

9,000

3,000

40,000

251,700

1 Budded, grafted, or topworked varieties.
Crop Production (October 2011) 25

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Grape Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted October 1, 2011

State

Total production

2010 2011 1

(tons) (tons)

Arkansas ...........................................................

California ...........................................................

 Wine ..............................................................

 Table 2...........................................................

 Raisin 2..........................................................

Georgia .............................................................

Michigan ............................................................

Missouri .............................................................

New York ...........................................................

North Carolina ...................................................

Ohio ...................................................................

Oregon ..............................................................

Pennsylvania .....................................................

Texas ................................................................

Virginia ..............................................................

Washington .......................................................

 Wine ..............................................................

 Juice ..............................................................

United States .....................................................

2,100

6,716,000

3,629,000

1,008,000

2,079,000

4,600

36,000

5,100

176,000

5,200

3,470

31,200

83,000

8,900

6,600

336,000

160,000

176,000

7,414,170

1,400

6,350,000

3,300,000

1,000,000

2,050,000

4,200

102,000

5,400

188,000

5,800

5,940

38,000

98,000

6,200

8,500

275,000

135,000

140,000

7,088,440

1 Estimates for California, Michigan, New York, Pennsylvania, and Washington are October 1 forecasts. All other States' estimates are carried forward 

from an earlier forecast.

2

Fresh basis.
26 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all ................................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all ............................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all ...........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all ........................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 2....................................................................

2,872

88,192

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,138

390

3,636

1,211

5,404

(NA)

53,593

37,335

2,560

13,698

1,448.8

(X)

421

50.5

1,288.0

2.3

175.0

77,404

1,951.5

10,974.2

10,770.0

204.2

1,171.4

(NA)

(NA)

31.2

1,911.4

756.0

658.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,025.7

89.3

42.1

894.3

(NA)

119.8

(NA)

2,559

91,897

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2,496

320

2,693

1,266

5,467

54,409

40,646

1,369

12,394

1,071.0

(X)

229

26.0

1,147.0

2.0

137.5

74,966

1,544.0

14,720.0

14,431.0

289.0

1,249.6

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,198.7

416.0

470.0

(NA)

1,086.9

93.1

45.2

948.6

132.6

2,465

81,446

5,567

59,862

19,956

39,906

1,263

363

3,615

265

4,808

273

47,619

31,741

2,519

13,359

1,431.0

(X)

418

48.1

1,255.0

2.2

167.7

76,610

1,873.8

10,698.7

10,497.0

201.7

1,155.7

877.5

337.5

17.9

1,842.7

711.4

634.0

(NA)

6.3

31.3

71.3

1,008.0

85.8

40.4

881.8

18.6

116.9

0.5

2,239

83,936

57,605

19,329

38,276

940

2,624

242

4,432

45,715

32,314

1,322

12,079

1,050.0

(X)

224

24.8

1,114.0

1.9

131.5

73,676

1,473.0

9,849.5

9,562.0

287.5

1,207.6

883.0

331.9

15.0

1,123.7

398.8

455.0

30.0

1,070.8

90.5

44.2

936.1

128.2

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres.
Crop Production (October 2011) 27

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

Barley ................................................................................... bushels

Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels

Corn for silage ............................................................................tons

Hay, all .......................................................................................tons

 Alfalfa .....................................................................................tons

 All other ..................................................................................tons

Oats ...................................................................................... bushels

Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels

Rice 1........................................................................................... cwt

Rye ....................................................................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels

Sorghum for silage ......................................................................tons

Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels

 Winter ............................................................................... bushels

 Durum ............................................................................... bushels

 Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

Oilseeds

Canola ...................................................................................pounds

Cottonseed .................................................................................tons

Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels

Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds

Peanuts .................................................................................pounds

Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds

Safflower ...............................................................................pounds

Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels

Sunflower ..............................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1............................................................................... bales

 Upland 1................................................................................ bales

 American Pima 1................................................................... bales

Sugarbeets .................................................................................tons

Sugarcane ..................................................................................tons

Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas 1.................................................................. cwt

Dry edible beans 1....................................................................... cwt

Dry edible peas 1......................................................................... cwt

Lentils 1........................................................................................ cwt

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ......................................................................pounds

Hops ......................................................................................pounds

Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds

Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt

 Spring ...................................................................................... cwt

 Summer ................................................................................... cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................... cwt

Spearmint oil .........................................................................pounds

Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt

Taro (Hawaii) .........................................................................pounds

73.1

152.8

19.3

2.43

3.40

1.95

64.3

31.8

6,725

28.0

71.8

12.5

46.3

46.8

42.1

46.1

1,713

(X)

21.7

870

3,312

1,891

1,320

43.5

1,460

812

805

1,200

27.6

31.2

2,130

1,666

1,726

1,999

1,365

(NA)

1,400

2,093

89

401

289

321

416

125

204

(NA)

69.2

148.1

2.29

3.35

1.75

57.5

7,123

26.1

55.0

43.9

46.2

39.3

38.3

1,459

(X)

3,256

41.5

1,420

809

797

1,231

24.2

32.4

1,922

1,744

2,140

283

303

180,268

12,446,865

107,314

145,556

67,903

77,653

81,190

11,535

243,104

7,431

345,395

3,420

2,206,916

1,484,861

106,080

615,975

2,450,947

6,098.1

9,056

41,861

4,156,840

4,160

221,335

3,329,181

2,735,570

18,104.1

17,600.0

504.1

31,901

27,360

718,883

237

31,801

14,221

8,657

580

8,800

65,492.6

6,363

404,273

24,797

12,971

366,505

2,318

23,845

3,900

155,050

12,432,910

131,694

64,714

66,980

54,005

186,903

6,326

243,800

2,008,039

1,493,677

51,889

462,473

1,532,165

5,572.0

3,627,700

3,059,987

2,091,000

16,608.2

15,871.0

737.2

29,180

28,622

637,903

19,593

64,225.6

25,640

13,386

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Yield in pounds.
28 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2.............................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2......................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 3....................................................................

1,162,270

35,690,420

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,269,920

157,830

1,471,450

490,080

2,186,940

(NA)

21,688,550

15,109,100

1,036,010

5,543,440

586,310

(X)

170,370

20,440

521,240

930

70,820

31,324,620

789,750

4,441,150

4,358,510

82,640

474,050

(NA)

(NA)

12,630

773,520

305,950

266,290

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

415,090

36,140

17,040

361,910

(NA)

48,480

(NA)

1,035,600

37,189,800

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,010,110

129,500

1,089,830

512,340

2,212,440

22,018,780

16,449,030

554,020

5,015,730

433,420

(X)

92,670

10,520

464,180

810

55,640

30,337,990

624,840

5,957,040

5,840,080

116,960

505,700

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

485,100

168,350

190,200

(NA)

439,860

37,680

18,290

383,890

53,660

997,560

32,960,380

2,252,910

24,225,550

8,075,990

16,149,560

511,120

146,900

1,462,950

107,240

1,945,750

110,480

19,270,930

12,845,270

1,019,410

5,406,250

579,110

(X)

169,160

19,470

507,890

890

67,870

31,003,300

758,310

4,329,660

4,248,030

81,630

467,700

355,120

136,580

7,240

745,720

287,900

256,570

(NA)

2,550

12,660

28,850

407,930

34,720

16,350

356,860

7,530

47,310

190

906,100

33,968,060

23,312,170

7,822,250

15,489,910

380,410

1,061,910

97,930

1,793,590

18,500,400

13,077,150

535,000

4,888,250

424,920

(X)

90,650

10,040

450,820

770

53,220

29,815,940

596,110

3,985,990

3,869,650

116,350

488,700

357,340

134,310

6,070

454,750

161,390

184,130

12,150

433,340

36,620

17,890

378,830

51,880

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2

Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production (October 2011) 29

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per hectare Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain ......................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 1.............................................................................

 Alfalfa .............................................................................

 All other ..........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain ...............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 1.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower ............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ...........................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ...............................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 1.....................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall .................................................................................

Spearmint oil ......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................

3.93

9.59

43.21

5.45

7.63

4.36

2.31

1.78

7.54

1.76

4.51

28.08

3.12

3.15

2.83

3.10

1.92

(X)

1.36

0.98

3.71

2.12

1.48

2.92

1.64

0.91

0.90

1.34

61.88

69.89

2.39

1.48

1.93

2.24

1.53

(NA)

1.57

2.35

0.10

44.95

32.39

35.99

46.59

0.14

22.86

(NA)

3.73

9.30

5.12

7.51

3.92

2.06

7.98

1.64

3.45

2.95

3.11

2.64

2.57

1.64

(X)

3.65

2.79

1.59

0.91

0.89

1.38

54.17

72.66

2.15

1.95

2.40

31.76

33.94

3,924,870

316,164,930

97,353,620

132,046,180

61,600,570

70,445,620

1,178,470

261,610

11,027,010

188,760

8,773,440

3,102,570

60,062,410

40,411,290

2,887,020

16,764,090

1,111,730

5,532,100

230,030

18,990

1,885,510

1,890

100,400

90,605,460

1,240,830

3,941,700

3,831,950

109,750

28,940,100

24,820,570

326,080

10,750

1,442,470

645,050

392,670

26,310

3,990

29,710

2,890

18,337,520

1,124,770

588,350

16,624,390

1,050

1,081,590

1,770

3,375,820

315,810,460

119,470,790

58,707,550

60,763,230

783,880

8,477,780

160,690

6,192,810

54,649,870

40,651,230

1,412,190

12,586,450

694,980

5,054,830

1,645,500

83,279,200

948,460

3,616,010

3,455,500

160,510

26,471,650

25,965,440

289,350

888,720

29,130

1,163,010

607,180

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Production may not add due to rounding.
30 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2011 and 2012 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2010-2011 season. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2011 2012

(1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ...............................................................tons

Lemons ..................................................................tons

Oranges .................................................................tons

Tangelos (Florida) ..................................................tons

Tangerines and mandarins .....................................tons

Noncitrus

Apples .................................................... 1,000 pounds

Apricots ..................................................................tons

Bananas (Hawaii) .............................................. pounds

Grapes ...................................................................tons

Olives (California) ..................................................tons

Papayas (Hawaii) .............................................. pounds

Peaches .................................................................tons

Pears .....................................................................tons

Prunes, dried (California) .......................................tons

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .................tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) ............................ pounds

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ...................................tons

Pecans, in-shell ................................................. pounds

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ..................................tons

Maple syrup ...................................................... gallons

1,256

940

8,857

52

629

9,429.9

59.2

7,088.4

65.0

1,129.1

888.3

122.0

13.1

1,950,000

41

251,700

485

2,794

1,194

832

8,988

50

643

1Production years are 2010-2011 and 2011-2012.
Crop Production (October 2011) 31

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2011 and 2012 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2010-2011 season. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2011 2012

(metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ....................................................................

Lemons .......................................................................

Oranges .......................................................................

Tangelos (Florida) .......................................................

Tangerines and mandarins ..........................................

Noncitrus

Apples .........................................................................

Apricots .......................................................................

Bananas (Hawaii) ........................................................

Grapes ........................................................................

Olives (California) ........................................................

Papayas (Hawaii) ........................................................

Peaches ......................................................................

Pears ...........................................................................

Prunes, dried (California) .............................................

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .......................

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .......................................

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................

Pecans, in-shell ...........................................................

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........................................

Maple syrup .................................................................

1,139,420

852,750

8,034,940

47,170

570,620

4,277,330

53,680

6,430,520

58,970

1,024,340

805,850

110,680

11,840

793,790

37,190

114,170

439,980

13,970

1,083,180

754,780

8,153,780

45,360

583,320

1Production years are 2010-2011 and 2011-2012.
32 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during 

2011. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in this table are rounded actual field counts from this survey.

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Stateand month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Minnesota 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Missouri

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

27,750

27,750

27,750

27,750

26,950

26,800

26,800

26,800

28,500

28,400

28,450

28,400

20,900

20,800

20,800

20,800

28,850

28,600

28,600

28,600

23,950

23,950

23,950

23,950

28,600

28,500

28,400

28,350

27,950

27,700

27,700

27,700

28,600

28,600

28,600

28,600

19,850

20,600

20,650

20,650

29,900

29,350

29,450

29,400

25,050

25,000

24,900

24,900

29,150

28,900

28,900

28,900

27,950

28,100

28,000

27,950

29,250

29,200

29,200

29,200

22,750

22,650

22,750

22,700

30,250

30,750

30,800

30,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

28,650

28,500

28,550

28,550

27,900

27,750

27,750

27,750

29,450

29,450

29,300

29,300

21,250

21,250

21,250

21,250

29,750

29,600

29,700

29,700

25,100

24,750

24,700

24,700

29,650

29,550

27,950

27,800

30,100

30,050

20,900

20,650

29,750

29,300

24,600

24,650

Nebraska

All corn

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

24,850

24,750

24,750

24,750

27,200

27,000

27,000

27,000

21,100

21,050

21,100

21,100

26,350

26,000

25,950

25,950

23,250

22,700

22,700

22,700

27,800

27,700

27,850

27,850

24,050

23,950

23,900

23,900

26,800

27,000

26,900

26,900

19,550

19,500

19,550

19,550

26,950

27,400

27,250

27,250

24,150

23,900

23,800

23,800

27,750

28,300

27,950

27,900

25,650

25,650

25,600

25,650

27,900

27,950

27,900

27,950

22,100

22,050

22,000

22,000

27,700

27,950

27,650

27,650

26,150

26,050

26,050

26,050

27,500

28,850

28,150

28,100

25,250

25,250

25,100

25,100

27,100

27,100

26,950

26,950

22,350

22,250

22,200

22,200

27,700

27,650

27,650

27,650

24,850

24,800

24,450

24,450

28,700

28,500

28,550

28,550

24,500

24,350

26,950

26,800

20,800

20,650

28,700

28,950

25,800

25,150

28,650

28,650
Crop Production (October 2011) 33

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during 

2011. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State and 

month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 State and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas 1

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Illinois

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Indiana

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Iowa

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Kansas

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

(NA)

1,621

1,665

1,690

1,800

1,796

1,818

1,831

1,667

1,660

1,628

1,641

1,787

1,917

1,933

1,932

1,605

1,524

1,608

1,609

(NA)

1,569

1,723

1,715

1,621

1,893

1,801

1,829

1,608

1,577

1,648

1,659

1,758

1,732

1,770

1,775

1,346

1,487

1,581

1,629

(NA)

1,785

1,794

1,865

1,610

1,672

1,676

1,687

1,516

1,525

1,583

1,594

1,858

1,878

1,868

1,879

1,627

1,759

1,784

1,768

(NA)

1,591

1,805

1,833

1,970

2,090

2,096

2,096

1,878

1,852

1,879

1,879

2,009

2,046

2,054

2,054

1,402

1,392

1,427

1,429

(NA)

1,434

1,983

1,933

1,607

1,606

1,944

1,941

1,488

1,466

Minnesota

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

Missouri

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

Nebraska

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

North Dakota

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

Ohio

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

1,558

1,589

1,588

1,588

1,566

1,579

1,685

1,697

1,876

2,042

2,088

2,084

1,323

1,445

1,500

1,497

1,892

1,850

1,909

1,909

1,476

1,492

1,510

1,510

1,466

1,493

1,470

1,472

1,538

1,473

1,673

1,690

1,692

1,766

1,857

1,857

1,261

1,261

1,405

1,405

1,942

1,755

1,618

1,616

1,425

1,465

1,492

1,492

1,456

1,542

1,611

1,581

1,856

1,983

2,083

2,122

1,793

1,878

1,868

1,868

1,208

1,236

1,317

1,318

1,846

1,769

1,757

1,712

1,513

1,642

1,683

1,682

1,679

1,741

1,783

1,783

1,924

1,899

1,986

1,993

1,906

2,109

2,121

2,121

1,375

1,416

1,510

1,510

1,991

2,012

2,022

2,022

1,527

1,622

1,605

1,605

1,670

1,705

1,957

1,781

2,032

2,075

1,337

1,382

1,882

1,850

1,652

1,492

(NA) Not available.

1 September data not available due to plant immaturity.
34 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2011. 

Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and 

measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs 

per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas

September ......................................

October ...........................................

November .......................................

December .......................................

Final ................................................

Georgia

September ......................................

October ...........................................

November .......................................

December .......................................

Final ................................................

Louisiana

September ......................................

October ...........................................

November .......................................

December .......................................

Final ................................................

Mississippi

September ......................................

October ...........................................

November .......................................

December .......................................

Final ................................................

North Carolina

September ......................................

October ...........................................

November .......................................

December .......................................

Final ................................................

Texas

September ......................................

October ...........................................

November .......................................

December .......................................

Final ................................................

790

839

849

849

849

616

570

707

708

708

796

808

841

841

841

819

745

747

747

747

527

601

625

625

625

602

538

631

632

632

943

810

852

846

846

587

613

733

742

742

655

578

579

579

579

909

679

728

722

722

667

652

702

704

704

633

513

579

573

570

1,051

814

803

794

794

571

731

712

737

740

714

792

756

788

788

925

833

717

722

722

701

730

779

777

777

613

522

502

502

502

911

893

897

894

894

609

606

686

683

683

699

755

789

781

781

864

773

776

776

776

681

675

689

689

689

658

534

589

589

589

901

845

531

577

938

948

898

848

553

610

540

478
Crop Production (October 2011) 35

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
36 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

September Weather Summary

Mostly dry weather dominated the Plains, upper Midwest, and Northwest, promoting summer crop maturation and 

harvesting. Winter wheat planting also quickly advanced, except on the drought-stricken southern Plains, where many 

producers opted to postpone seeding operations while awaiting rain.

In addition to the dry weather, parts of the upper Midwest - including North Dakota and Minnesota - experienced a 

growing season-ending freeze on September 15. Only a small percentage of the corn and soybeans in the freeze-affected 

area was fully mature when the freeze struck, possibly reducing yield potential.

Meanwhile, wet weather prevailed along and east of a line from Louisiana to Indiana. Some of the heavy rain, especially 

early in the month, was due to the remnants of Tropical Storm Lee, interacting with a cold front. Lee made landfall along 

the Louisiana coast on September 4.

Across the eastern Corn Belt, where September wetness hampered early-season harvest efforts, crops were already late in 

maturing due to spring planting delays. Farther east, back-to-back tropical deluges (from Hurricane Irene in late August 

and Tropical Storm Lee in early September) led to record flooding in parts of the Mid-Atlantic States. Elsewhere, 

scattered showers accompanied late-season warmth in the Southwest.

September Agricultural Summary

While cooler than normal temperatures lingered in the Corn Belt and much of the Southeast during September, warm, dry 

weather in the West promoted rapid crop development and aided fieldwork. Most notably, temperatures in portions of the 

Pacific Northwest reached as many as 8 degrees above normal. Elsewhere, monthly temperatures averaged more than 

4 degrees below normal in areas of the western Corn Belt. With the exception of portions of the Four Corners region, 

rainfall was below average throughout much of the country west of the Great Plains. Conversely, abundant rain fell east of 

the Mississippi River, with areas of the Delta, Ohio Valley, and Northeast accumulating more than 300 percent of their 

normal precipitation.

As September began, 94 percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the dough stage, with progress complete or nearing 

completion in many States. Despite cooler than normal temperatures early in the month, rapid denting was evident 

throughout much of the Midwest. By September 11, denting had advanced to 84 percent complete, 2 percentage points

ahead of the 5-year average. Conversely, crop maturity was behind both last year and normal. With harvest underway 

across a good portion of the major corn-producting region, the first autumn frosts negatively impacted some fields in the 

northern Corn Belt mid-month. Ninety-six percent of the Nation’s corn crop was at or beyond the dent stage by 

September 25, on par with the 5-year average, while 63 percent of the crop was mature, slightly behind the average. 

Limited by cool temperatures and lingering rainfall in portions of the major producing region, producers had harvested 

21 percent of this year’s corn crop by October 2, sixteen percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind 

the 5-year average. Overall, 52 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on October 2, 

unchanged from ratings on September 4 but 14 percentage points below the same time last year.

With unfavorable weather conditions slowing development in the central Great Plains, 89 percent of the sorghum crop 

was at or beyond the heading stage by September 4, six percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Kansas, the 

largest sorghum-producing State, triple-digit temperatures early in the month promoted a rapid coloring pace in the 

portion of the crop that was headed; however, progress was significantly behind normal. Nationally, 37 percent of the 

sorghum crop was at or beyond the mature stage by September 18, seven percentage points behind last year and 

6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With heading complete in many States, progress continued to inch forward 

as the last of the sorghum across the country were slow to develop. By September 25, heading had advanced to 96 percent 

complete, 4 percentage points behind both last year and the average. Maturity delays of 21 percentage points or more were 

evident in Colorado and South Dakota. Producers had harvested 30 percent of the Nation’s crop by October 2, 

seven percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Kansas, harvest was slow despite favorable conditions and ample 

time for fieldwork. Overall, 24 percent of the sorghum crop was reported in good to excellent condition on October 2, 

compared with 25 percent on September 4 and 60 percent from the same time last year.
Crop Production (October 2011) 37

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

As favorable weather conditions provided ample time for fieldwork, barley producers were busy harvesting their crop. By 

September 4, seventy-one percent of the Nation’s crop was out of the fields, 3 percentage points behind last year and 

10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Warm, dry weather continued in much of the major barley-producing 

region throughout the month aiding a rapid harvest pace. By September 25, producers had harvested 97 percent of this 

year’s barley crop, 9 percentage points ahead of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.

As the month began, winter wheat producers were busy seeding the 2012 crop, and by September 11, six percent of the 

crop was in the ground, 2 percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Unusually 

dry soils on the southern Great Plains left many producers in Oklahoma and Texas waiting for improved conditions before 

seeding their crop. Toward month’s end, seeding was advancing rapidly in some areas while just beginning in others. By 

September 25, the most significant delays were evident in Oklahoma and Texas, where despite recent rainfall that 

prompted limited seeding, overall progress remained 20 percentage points behind normal. Nationwide, 42 percent of the 

winter wheat crop was seeded by October 2, eleven percentage points behind the 5-year average. Emergence had 

advanced to 16 percent complete, 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average.

Spring wheat producers had harvested 68 percent of this year’s crop by September 4, thirteen percentage points behind the 

5-year average. While harvest was complete in South Dakota, warm, dry weather allowed producers in the remaining 

States ample time to complete fieldwork during much of the month. By September 25, ninety-six percent of the spring 

wheat crop was harvested, slightly ahead of the average, with progress complete in all major estimating States except 

Montana.

Heading of this year’s rice crop was 94 percent complete by September 4, three percentage points behind last year and 

2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With warm, dry weather favoring fieldwork and crop development in 

California, producers began harvesting their crop early in the month. Despite thunderstorms and cool temperatures, 

producers in Arkansas, the largest rice-producing State, steadily harvested their crop during the week ending 

September 18. Nationally, 65 percent of the rice crop was harvested by October 2, six percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Overall, 61 percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on September 25, 

compared with 64 percent on September 4.

Pods were setting on 97 percent of this year’s soybean crop by September 4, slightly behind the 5-year average. Leaf drop 

was 6 days behind normal by September 11, with double-digit delays evident in 11 of the 18 major estimating States. The 

most significant delays were reported in North Dakota and Ohio, where a slow planting pace earlier in the season resulted 

in slower than normal crop development. Despite mostly favorable weather conditions promoting rapid crop maturity 

toward month’s end, leaf drop remained well behind normal. Harvest was underway across much of the major growing 

region by September 25, with progress most advanced in the Delta. Steady late-month rainfall in portions of the Corn Belt 

and Ohio Valley limited harvest progress. By October 2, producers had harvested 19 percent of this year’s soybean crop, 

15 percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 54 percent of the 

soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition on October 2, compared with 56 percent on September 4 and 

64 percent from the same time last year.

Sunflower producers had harvested 4 percent of Nation’s crop by October 2, slightly ahead of last year but slightly behind 

the 5-year average.

By September 18, peanut producers had harvested 4 percent of this year’s crop, on par with the 5-year average. Delays 

were evident in Florida and Georgia, where dry soils limited digging. Beneficial rainfall in portions of the Southeast 

spurred digging late in the month. With progress advancing quickly in Florida and Georgia, 19 percent of the Nation’s 

peanut crop was harvested by October 2, two percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 39 percent of the 

peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition on October 2, compared with 38 percent on September 4 and 

48 percent from the same time last year.

Bolls were opening on 42 percent of this year’s cotton acreage by September 4, ten percentage points ahead of the 

5-year average. In Texas, producers in areas of the Northern Plains were preparing to defoliate fields. Aided by warm 

temperatures, bolls continued to open at a rapid pace across much of the growing region. By September 11, bolls were 

opening on 57 percent of this year’s acreage, the quickest pace since 2002, while producers had harvested 9 percent of the 
38 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Nation’s crop, 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Despite bolls continuing to open rapidly throughout the 

month, the harvest pace slowed toward month’s end. While double-digit delays were evident in much of the Delta, harvest 

in Louisiana was 38 percentage points ahead of normal by October 2. While some producers in the Northern Plains of 

Texas were applying harvest aids, others were busy stripping their fields. Overall, 29 percent of the cotton crop was 

reported in good to excellent condition on October 2, compared with 28 percent on September 4 and 56 percent from the 

same time last year.

Sugarbeet producers had harvested 3 percent of this year’s crop by September 18, three percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Harvest had yet to begin in Idaho, and was behind normal in the four largest sugarbeet-producing States. 

By October 2, thirteen percent of the crop was harvested, 8 percentage points behind the average. While overall progress 

was behind normal in Michigan, Minnesota, and North Dakota, favorable weather pushed harvest in Idaho ahead of the 

average pace.

Crop Comments

Corn: Acreage updates were made in several States based on administrative data. Total planted area, at 91.9 million 

acres, is down less than 1 percent from the previous estimate. Area harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 

83.9 million acres, down 1 percent from the September forecast. 

The October 1 corn objective yield data indicate the second highest number of ears per acre on record for the combined 

10 objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

Wisconsin), only behind the record high year of 2009. Record high ear counts are forecast in Iowa, Illinois, Ohio, and 

Wisconsin.

As of October 2, fifty-two percent of the corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition in the 18 major corn 

producing States, unchanged from last month but down 14 percentage points from last year. Seventy-nine percent of the 

corn acreage was rated mature or beyond, 13 percentage points behind the same time last year but 1 percentage point 

ahead of the 5-year average. Twenty-one percent of the intended grain acreage was harvested by October 2, 

sixteen percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average pace.

Sorghum: Production is forecast at 244 million bushels, down fractionally from last month and down 29 percent from last 

year. If realized, this will be the lowest production level since 1956. Based on administrative data, acreage updates were 

made in several States. Planted area is estimated at 5.47 million acres, up 2 percent from the previous estimate and up 

1 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 4.43 million acres, up 1 percent from September 1 but 

down 8 percent from 2010. If realized, this will be the lowest harvested acreage level since 1936. Based on October 1 

conditions, yield is forecast at 55.0 bushels per acre, down 0.6 bushel from last month and down 16.8 bushels from last 

year. In Kansas, production is forecast to be at its lowest level since 1983. In Texas, planted and harvested acres are 

estimated to be record lows.

As of October 2, the sorghum crop had progressed to 54 percent mature, 20 points behind last year and 8 points behind the 

5-year average. Harvest progress had reached 30 percent, 8 points behind last year and 7 points behind the 5-year average. 

Forty-five percent of the crop was rated in very poor to poor condition, compared with 44 percent last month and 

11 percent last year. Prolonged hot, dry weather in the major sorghum growing regions has significantly impacted the 

yield potential of this year’s crop.

Rice: Production is forecast at 187 million cwt, down 2 percent from September and 23 percent below last year. Area for 

harvest is expected to total 2.62 million acres, unchanged from September but 27 percent lower than 2010. The average 

United States yield is forecast at 7,123 pounds per acre, down 150 pounds from last month but up 398 pounds from last 

year. 

Record-high yields are expected in Missouri and Louisiana. If realized, production in Arkansas, the largest rice-producing 

State, will be the lowest since 1996.
Crop Production (October 2011) 39

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

As of October 2, sixty-five percent of the United States acreage was harvested, 14 percentage points behind last year and 

6 points behind the 5-year average. Harvest progress was behind both last year and the 5-year average in Arkansas and 

Missouri. In California, where cooler than normal temperatures during the growing season delayed crop development, 

harvest was only 20 percent complete, 20 points behind the 5-year average but 11 points ahead of last year. By the end of 

September, harvest was complete in Texas and nearly complete in Louisiana. 

Soybeans: Acreage updates were made in several States based on administrative data. Planted area, at 75.0 million acres, 

is up fractionally from August. Area for harvest is forecast at 73.7 million acres, down slightly from last month and down 

4 percent from 2010. Harvested area, if realized, will be the sixth largest on record.

The October objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, 

Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a lower pod count compared 

with last year, as late planting this spring has led to slower than normal development throughout the growing season. 

Compared with final counts for 2010, pod counts are down in all States except Kansas, with decreases of more than 

200 pods per 18 square feet in Arkansas, Indiana, and Missouri. The largest decrease from 2010’s final pod count is 

expected in Arkansas, down 399 pods per 18 square feet.

As of October 2, seventy-six percent of the soybean crop was dropping leaves or beyond, 11 points behind last year’s pace 

and 7 points behind of the 5-year average. Progress was equal to or behind normal in all major-producing States except 

Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and North Dakota. The percent of acreage dropping leaves was more than 10 points 

behind normal in Arkansas, Michigan, and Tennessee, and more than 30 points behind normal in Ohio. Harvest progress, 

at 19 percent complete, was 15 points behind last year’s pace and 6 points behind normal. Harvest progress was more than 

15 percentage points behind normal in Indiana, Mississippi, and Ohio.

As of October 2, fifty-four percent of the United States soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 

10 percentage points behind the same week in 2010. Crop conditions declined during September in Kansas, Michigan, 

Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. The largest decline occurred in North 

Dakota, down 12 percentage points from last month. If realized, the forecasted yield in Virginia will tie the previous 

record high.

Sunflower: The first production forecast for 2011 is 2.09 billion pounds, down 24 percent from 2010. Area planted, at 

1.54 million acres, is down 12 percent from the August estimate and is the lowest since 1976. Sunflower growers expect 

to harvest 1.47 million acres, down 12 percent from August and down 21 percent from the 2010 acreage. If realized, 

harvested area for the Nation will also be the lowest since 1976. The October yield forecast, at 1,420 pounds per acre, is 

40 pounds lower than last year’s yield.

As of October 1, lower yields are expected in eight of the top nine sunflower-producing States, with only South Dakota 

farmers expecting higher yields compared with last year. Expected production in North Dakota, the largest 

sunflower-producing State, is the lowest since 1976. Harvested area in North Dakota for all sunflowers will be the lowest 

since 1975, if realized. Development of the sunflower crop in North Dakota progressed behind normal and last year’s pace 

throughout most of the year due to planting delays caused by flooding and precipitation during the spring. As of 

October 2, seventy-three percent of the sunflower crop in North Dakota was rated good to excellent, compared with 

69 percent at the same time last year. As of October 2, harvest progress was slightly behind normal in Colorado and North 

Dakota, but slightly ahead of normal in Kansas and South Dakota.

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.63 billion pounds, up 5 percent from the September forecast but down 13 percent 

from last year’s revised production of 4.16 billion pounds. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.11 million acres, 

unchanged from September but 11 percent lower than 2010. Yields are expected to average 3,256 pounds per acre, up 

152 pounds from September but down 56 pounds from last year.

Harvest was underway in all States except Oklahoma by the end of September. As of October 2, nineteen percent of the 

United States acreage was harvested, 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average but 4 points behind last year. 

Condition of the United States crop was relatively unchanged from last month, with 39 percent rated good to excellent. In 

Oklahoma, where extreme drought conditions continued to plague the State, crop condition ratings decreased considerably 
40 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

from last month. As of October 2, twenty-five percent of the crop was rated in very poor to poor condition, compared with 

14 percent on September 4.

Canola: The first production forecast for 2011 is 1.53 billion pounds, down 37 percent from 2010. Area planted, at 

1.07 million acres, is down 2 percent from the August estimate and down 26 percent from last year. Canola farmers expect 

to harvest 1.05 million acres, down 2 percent from August and down 27 percent from 2010. The October yield forecast, at 

1,459 pounds per acre, is 254 pounds below last year’s yield. If realized, this will be the fifth highest yield on record for 

the United States.

The yield in North Dakota, the largest canola-producing State, is forecast at 1,460 pounds per acre, down 260 pounds 

from last year’s yield. Crop development in North Dakota progressed behind normal and behind last year’s pace for much 

of the year. However, warm, dry weather throughout most of August and September aided crop development. Harvest 

lagged behind the normal pace during August and early September but had progressed ahead of the normal pace by the 

latter half of September and reached 95 percent complete by September 25.

Cotton: Upland cotton harvested area is expected to total 9.56 million acres, unchanged from last month but down 

9 percent from 2010. If realized, the abandonment rate will be the highest on record. American Pima harvested area, at 

287,500 acres, was carried forward from last month.

Drought conditions in many of the cotton growing areas have negatively impacted this year’s crop. Texas is experiencing 

one of the most severe droughts in recorded history. As of October 2, forty-two percent of the United States cotton 

acreage was rated in very poor to poor condition compared with 14 percent at this time last year. Eighty-four percent of 

the crop had bolls opening by October 2, two points behind last year but 9 points ahead of the 5-year average. 

Sixteen percent of the United States cotton crop had been harvested by October 2, seven points behind last year and 

2 points behind the 5-year average.

In south Texas, harvest and ginning neared completion by the end of the month. Heavy rain delayed fieldwork in portions 

of the Southeast, while defoliation and harvest were underway in the Delta region. Objective yield data in Texas 

forecasted boll weight to be the lowest since 2001.

Ginnings totaled 1,764,050 running bales prior to October 1, compared with 2,284,450 running bales ginned prior to the 

same date last year.

Alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures: Production is forecast at 64.7 million tons, down fractionally from the August 1 forecast 

and down 5 percent from last year. Based on October 1 conditions, yield is expected to average 3.35 tons per acre, down 

0.01 ton from August 1 and 0.05 ton from last year. Harvested area is forecast at 19.3 million acres, unchanged from June 

but down 3 percent from the previous year’s acreage.

Adequate rainfall in portions of the West led to increases in expected yields. Most notably, a record-setting yield is 

forecast for Idaho, where warmer temperatures this fall have allowed producers a longer haying season. Elsewhere, 

predominately hot, dry weather in the Four Corners region as well as the southern Great Plains adversely affected much of 

the alfalfa crop. Producers in Oklahoma are expected to harvest the lowest alfalfa yield since 1956, while producers in 

Texas are expecting the lowest yield since 1970.

Other hay: Production is forecast at 67.0 million tons, down fractionally from the August 1 forecast and down 14 percent 

from last year. If realized, this will be the lowest production level since 1993. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are 

expected to average 1.75 tons per acre, unchanged from the August 1 forecast but down 0.20 ton from last year. If 

realized, this will be the lowest United States yield since 1988. Harvested area is forecast at 38.3 million acres, unchanged 

from June but down 4 percent from last year.

Abundant late-August and early-September rainfall stemming from Hurricane Irene and Tropical Storm Lee led to 

increased growth in many pastures and grass hay fields in the Delta, Tennessee Valley, and in several States along the 

Mid-Atlantic Coast. Elsewhere, continued hot, dry weather throughout much of the Great Plains and Southwest led to 
Crop Production (October 2011) 41

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

further declines in expected yields. The historic drought experienced by producers in Oklahoma and Texas has negatively 

impacted hay fields, leading to the lowest expected yield since 1956 for both States.

Dry beans: United States dry edible bean production is forecast at 19.6 million cwt for 2011, down 38 percent from last 

year. Planted area is estimated at 1.20 million acres, down 37 percent from the previous year. Harvested area is forecast at 

1.12 million acres, down 39 percent from the previous year. The average United States yield is forecast at 1,744 pounds 

per acre, an increase of 18 pounds from 2010. 

Production is forecast to be lower than 2010 in all 18 estimating States, including the five largest producing States, 

North Dakota, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Idaho, whose combined forecasted production is down 41 percent 

from a year ago.

In North Dakota, a cool, wet spring delayed planting, which was not completed until late-June, behind last year and the 

5-year average. However, by October 2, sixty-eight percent of the crop was harvested, which is slightly ahead of last year 

and the 5-year average.

Michigan's dry bean harvest reached 35 percent complete by October 2, thirty-nine percentage points behind last year. In 

Minnesota, too much rain during spring and early summer gave way to very little rain during the months of August and 

September. The crop was rated as mostly fair to good. In Idaho, planting was delayed by a cool, wet spring and 

development remained behind normal, throughout the summer.

Tobacco: United States all tobacco production for 2011 is forecast at 638 million pounds, up 1 percent from last month 

but 11 percent below 2010. Area harvested is forecast at 331,880 acres, 2 percent below last month and last year. Yields 

for 2011 are expected to average 1,922 pounds per acre, up 47 pounds from September but 208 pounds less than 2010.

Flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 383 million pounds, 1 percent above the September forecast. Severe crop 

damage along the East Coast due to Hurricane Irene was reported by growers; however, producers were able to salvage 

more production than expected.

Burley production is forecast at 173 million pounds, up 2 percent from the previous month. In Kentucky, curing 

conditions improved in September after a very hot and dry summer. Virginia growers reported better yields than 

previously expected.

Fire-cured tobacco production is forecast at 52.4 million pounds, 1 percent above last month’s forecast. Tennessee 

growers reported that the dark-fire cured crop fared well due to irrigation.

Southern Maryland Belt tobacco production in Pennsylvania is forecast at 6.15 million pounds, down 7 percent from last 

month. Pennsylvania producers faced extremely wet weather during harvest. Many growers reported concerns about pole 

burn and poor leaf quality during curing.

Dark air-cured tobacco is forecast at 15.6 million pounds, up 2 percent from the September forecast. As of October 2, the 

Kentucky dark-air tobacco harvest was 92 percent complete, which is slightly ahead of previous year.

All Cigar type production is forecast at 7.71 million pounds, down 16 percent from the previous forecast. Connecticut and 

Massachusetts producers reported losses from hail, flooding, and disease, which forced many growers to leave acreage 

unharvested. Producers also reported damage from pole sweat as the crop cures, and many were firing sheds again to 

combat the excessive moisture from recent rains.

Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2011 crop year is forecast at 29.2 million tons, unchanged from the 

September forecast but down 9 percent from last year. Producers expect to harvest 1.21 million acres, unchanged from the 

previous forecast. Expected yield is forecast at 24.2 tons per acre, unchanged from the previous forecast but 3.4 tons 

below last year. Much of the growing region has experienced less than ideal growing conditions this season. 
42 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 28.6 million tons, unchanged from the September 

forecast but up 5 percent from 2010. Producers intend to harvest 883,000 acres for sugar and seed in 2011 with an 

expected yield of 32.4 tons per acre, both unchanged from the September forecast.

Recent rains in Louisiana promoted growth after a dry summer. Hawaii and Texas continued to experience drought 

conditions.

Grapefruit: The 2011-2012 United States grapefruit crop is forecast at 1.19 million tons, down 5 percent from last 

season’s final utilization. In Florida, fruit per tree is forecast to be lower than the previous season. Projected droppage in 

Florida is above average while average size of white grapefruit was projected to be smaller and colored varieties were 

projected to be slightly larger than average.

Lemons: The forecast for the 2011-2012 United States lemon crop is 832,000 tons, down 11 percent from the previous 

season’s final utilization. Arizona’s lemon crop is down 68 percent from last season due to damage from a major freeze in 

southern Arizona last winter. Harvest was underway in California’s desert region.

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 1.10 million boxes (50,000 tons), down 4 percent from last season’s final 

utilization. The forecasted fruit per tree is down from last year, while fruit size and droppage are projected to be above 

average.

Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 643,000 tons, up 2 percent 

from the 2010-2011 crop. Younger trees in California are transitioning to bearing age, which accounts for much of the 

increase in mandarin production in the State. In Florida, the fruit per tree is forecast to be higher than last season in the 

Honey variety, but lower in the Fallglo and Sunburst varieties. Fruit size is projected to be smaller than average in the 

Honey variety, but larger in the Fallglo and Sunburst varieties. Droppage is projected to be higher than average for all 

tangerine varieties in Florida.

Florida citrus: In the citrus growing areas, weather stations reported highs in the 90s and lows in the 60s and 70s. 

Summer weather patterns brought thunderstorms and scattered showers to the citrus producing region throughout the 

month. Weekly rainfall totals in most areas ranged from less than one to more than five inches. Drought conditions 

continued across much of the production area with severe drought conditions present on the northeastern shore of 

Lake Okeechobee. Harvesting of early oranges, white and colored grapefruit, Fallglo tangerines, and Nova tangelos 

began.

California citrus: Citrus fruits were sizing slower than normal. Navel orange growers were expecting a late start to the 

harvest season due to slow internal maturity. Grove activities included irrigation maintenance and replacement of old 

stock. Lemons and Star Ruby grapefruit were being picked. 

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: Orchard activities centered on late season fertilizer applications along with 

mechanical and hand pruning. Peach, nectarine, and plum harvests began the normal seasonal decline. Angeleno and 

Flavor-Fall plum variety harvest neared completion. Table grape harvest continued in the San Joaquin Valley with Red 

Globe, Summer Royal, Crimson, Flame Seedless, Christmas Rose, and Autumn King the main varieties being harvested. 

Harvest of wine grapes continued. Raisin grape harvest was progressing in the San Joaquin Valley. Pineapple quinces, 

figs, and apples were harvested. Pomegranates showed nice color, but the crop still lacked maturity in most orchards. Fuji, 

Granny Smith, and Gala apple harvests were underway. Bartlett pear harvest ended in September, while Bosc and Comice 

harvests continued. The olive and kiwi crops continued to develop well.

Almond harvest was in full swing across the State, with Nonpareils winding down as pollinator varieties were picking up. 

Growers reported above normal volumes because of a heavy crop set. Walnut orchards across the State were prepped for 

harvest in September, with harvest starting late in the month. Pistachio harvest continued.

Apples: The final 2011 United States apple production forecast is 9.43 billion pounds, down 1 percent from August but 

1 percent above 2010. 
Crop Production (October 2011) 43

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Production in the Western States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Oregon, Utah, and Washington) is forecast at 

5.78 billion pounds, 2 percent below the previous forecast. Washington growers experienced their coldest April in history 

and an exceptionally cool, wet May. The effects of the cold wet spring along with winter freeze damage were expected to 

keep production below full potential this year.

Production in the Eastern States (Connecticut, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, 

North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and West Virginia) is forecast at 2.33 billion pounds, 

down 1 percent from the previous forecast. New York producers reported loss due to damage from the rain and strong 

winds caused by Hurricane Irene. Pennsylvania growers reported heavy disease problems. Hail storms, drought, and frost 

led to smaller, undesirable apples.

Production in the Central States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, and 

Wisconsin) is forecast at 1.32 billion pounds, an increase of 4 percent from August. In Michigan, yield reports have been 

very good, while harvest progress has been slightly behind normal.

Pecans: Production is forecast at 252 million pounds (utilized, in-shell basis), 14 percent below 2010. Improved varieties 

are expected to produce 216 million pounds or 86 percent of the total, while native and seedling varieties at 36.0 million 

pounds, make up the remaining 14 percent of production. 

In Georgia, despite the drought conditions experienced this summer, the crop is expected to be good. In New Mexico, 

reduced production is expected due to drought conditions. In Texas, even though this is an “on” year for pecan 

production, producers reported low expectations for this year’s crop due to severe drought conditions across much of the 

pecan producing region. 

Grapes: United States grape production for 2011 is forecast at 7.09 million tons, down 4 percent from last year. 

California leads the United States in grape production with 90 percent of the total. Washington and New York are the next 

largest producing States, with 4 percent and 3 percent, respectively.

California’s grape production is forecast at 6.35 million tons, down 2 percent from the previous forecast. Rain continues 

to be a problem for growers in the North Coast growing region. However, weather has been more favorable for the table 

and raisin grapes through the summer.

Production is expected to be above last year in New York and Pennsylvania despite significant wind and water damage in 

coastal growing areas due to Hurricane Irene.
44 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology

Field crop survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between September 24 and 

October 5 to gather information on expected yield as of October 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and 

soybeans were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States 

production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The counts made within each sample plot 

depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, plant counts are recorded along with other measurements 

that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used with similar 

data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net 

yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After the farm 

operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal 

interviewers. Approximately 14,500 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about 

probable yield. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of 

average yields.

Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the October 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, 

which produced about 69 percent of the United States production last season. In August and September 2011, the number 

of bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size 

measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas 

conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California conducts an 

objective measurement survey in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.

Field crop estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for 

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their 

analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State 

analyses to prepare the published October 1 forecasts. 

Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, 

reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were 

also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural 

Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published October 1 forecast.

Revision policy: The October 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month 

throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a 

balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are 

then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of planted acres for 

spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered the planting 

intentions since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in the September 

Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains Annual report at 

the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. Revisions to planted acres 

will only be made when special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service Agency program “sign up” data, or 

remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production forecast is made if there is strong 

evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast. End-of-season orange estimates will be 

published in September’s Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the 

end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances 

are made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the October 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the October 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean 
Crop Production (October 2011) 45

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the 

final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing 

recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the October 1 corn for grain production forecast is 

3.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final 

estimate by more than 3.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not 

exceed 5.4 percent.

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the October 1 forecast 

and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the October 1 forecast and the final estimate 

during the last 20 years have averaged 203 million bushels, ranging from 3 million bushels to 624 million bushels. The 

October 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the October 1 

corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts

[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop Root mean

square error

90 percent

confidence

interval

Difference between forecast

and final estimate

Production Years

Average Smallest Largest Below

final

Above

final

(percent) (percent) (millions) (millions) (millions) (number) (number)

Corn for grain ..................................... bushels

Dry edible beans ....................................... cwt

Oranges 1................................................tons

 Oranges 1 2..........................................tons

Rice .......................................................... cwt

Sorghum for grain .............................. bushels

Soybeans for beans ........................... bushels

Upland cotton 1...................................... bales

3.2

3.5

6.7

4.0

2.7

5.9

2.1

4.7

5.4

6.1

11.5

6.8

4.7

10.2

3.7

8.2

203

1

486

341

4

19

49

729

3

(Z)

2

2

(Z)

(Z)

8

15

624

3

1,676

917

13

105

109

1,675

9

15

7

7

11

10

11

13

11

5

13

10

9

10

9

7

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

1 Quantity is in thousands of units.

2 Excluding freeze and hurricane seasons.
46 Crop Production (October 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch .......................................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section ...................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

 Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice........................................................................................................ (202) 720-7688

 Bryan Durham – Oats, Rye, Wheat.................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Steve Maliszewski – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................................................ (202) 720-5944

 Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ......................................................................... (202) 720-9526

 Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay .................................................................................... (202) 720-7621

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..................................................................(202) 720-7369

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................(202) 720-2127

 Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries......................................(202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...............................................(202) 720-4288

 Chris Hawthorn – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits.........................................(202) 720-5412

 Dave Losh – Hops............................................................................................................................(360) 709-2400 

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ..................................................(202) 720-3250

 Daphne Schauber – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ...............................................(202) 720-4285

 Erika White – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts .......................................................(202) 720-4215
Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:

 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov

 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free 

subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Receive NASS Updates” box under “Receive reports by 

Email,” click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive. 

 Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free 

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payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 

7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

 

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the 

basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental 

status, religion, sexual orientation, political beliefs, genetic information, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's 

income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with 

disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) 

should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Office of the Assistant 

Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Stop 9410, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call toll-free at 

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USDA Data Users’ Meeting

Monday October 17, 2011

Crowne Plaza Chicago-Metro

Chicago, Illinois 60661

312-829-5000

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data 

users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and 

information programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to 

be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, 

the Foreign Agricultural Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade 

Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting.

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS 

homepage at http://www.nass.usda.gov/meeting/ or contact Marie Jordan (NASS) at 

202-690-8141 or at marie_jordan@nass.usda.gov.

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook Meeting that will be held at the same 

location on Tuesday October 18, 2011. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from 

various commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional 

information for the Industry Outlook Meeting, see the Livestock and Marketing Information 

Center (LMIC) homepage at http://www.lmic.info/ or contact Erica Rosa 303-236-0461 at 

rosa@lmic.info or Laura Lahr 303-236-0464 at lahr@lmic.info.