Cr Pr 2-2 (6-00)

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released June 9, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of

Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Winter Wheat Production Down 5 Percent from 1999

All Orange Production Up 1 Percent from May 1 Forecast

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.62 billion bushels, down 2 percent from the May 1 forecast and 5 percent

below 1999. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 46.7 bushels per acre, down 0.8 bushel from the

last forecast. Grain area totals 34.7 million acres, unchanged from May 1.

Hard Red production is down 3 percent from a month ago to 944 million bushels. White Winter is up 1 percent from

last month. Soft Red is up 1 percent from the last forecast and now totals 448 million bushels.

All oranges production forecast for 1999-00 is 13.0 million tons, up 1 percent from last month’s forecast and 32 percent

above last season’s final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast is 230 million boxes (10.4 million tons), up 1 percent

from the May forecast. If realized, it will be the second largest utilized crop and 24 percent higher than the 186 million

boxes (8.37 million tons) utilized last season. Florida’s early and midseason variety forecast is final at 134 million

boxes (6.03 million tons), 20 percent higher than last season. Their Valencia forecast, at 96.0 million boxes

(4.32 million tons), is 2 percent above last month’s forecast and 30 percent higher than last season’s final utilization. 

Texas orange production is forecast at 1.70 million boxes (73,000 tons), unchanged from last month. If realized, it will

be 19 percent larger than last season’s utilization and the largest orange crop since the 1988-89 season when

1.85 million boxes were utilized. Harvest was complete by the end of May. The California and Arizona forecasts are

carried forward from April’s forecast.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast is increased from 1.54 gallons of 42.0 degree Brix

concentrate per box to 1.55 gallons. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.48 gallons per box as reported by the

Florida Citrus Processors Association. The late season (Valencia) orange yield forecast is increased from 1.66 gallons

per box to 1.67 gallons. This will be the lowest yield for Valencia oranges since the 1995-96 season. Last season’s

yield was a record high 1.75 gallons per box.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 2 NASS, USDA

This report was approved on June 9, 2000.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Richard E. Rominger

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Frederic A. Vogel
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Apricots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Cherries, Sweet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Citrus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Crop Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Maple Syrup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Peaches ....................................................................................... 6

Pears, Bartlett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Prunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Reliability of Production Data in this Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Sugarcane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

U.S. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 4 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

May 1 Jun 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

MD

MI

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WY

Oth

 Sts 1

US

920

370

2,400

70

225

710

1,010

510

9,200

410

200

600

165

920

970

1,800

125

580

1,030

4,300

630

190

220

1,260

340

3,400

240

1,670

185

922

35,572

1,080

350

2,350

63

240

730

910

510

9,200

430

205

500

210

920

1,430

1,750

150

590

1,005

4,100

740

195

185

1,280

380

2,200

205

1,750

175

876

34,709

56.0

78.0

43.0

57.0

43.0

76.0

60.0

66.0

47.0

60.0

60.0

69.0

50.0

48.0

38.0

48.0

65.0

49.0

70.0

35.0

47.0

54.0

43.0

47.0

54.0

36.0

57.0

58.0

33.0

47.0

47.8

55.0

82.0

42.0

63.0

45.0

78.0

55.0

62.0

44.0

55.0

64.0

65.0

43.0

48.0

36.0

43.0

61.0

52.0

72.0

38.0

64.0

53.0

47.0

44.0

50.0

32.0

65.0

67.0

31.0

44.0

47.5

54.0

82.0

40.0

63.0

50.0

80.0

55.0

62.0

42.0

55.0

62.0

66.0

50.0

51.0

35.0

42.0

59.0

52.0

72.0

37.0

60.0

54.0

49.0

44.0

50.0

31.0

62.0

69.0

28.0

44.2

46.7

51,520

28,860

103,200

3,990

9,675

53,960

60,600

33,660

432,400

24,600

12,000

41,400

8,250

44,160

36,860

86,400

8,125

28,420

72,100

150,500

29,610

10,260

9,460

59,220

18,360

122,400

13,680

96,860

6,105

43,354

1,699,989

58,320

28,700

94,000

3,969

12,000

58,400

50,050

31,620

386,400

23,650

12,710

33,000

10,500

46,920

50,050

73,500

8,850

30,680

72,360

151,700

44,400

10,530

9,065

56,320

19,000

68,200

12,710

120,750

4,900

38,712

1,621,966 1 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual state level estimates will be published in the

"Small Grains 2000 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 5 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999

2000

1999 2000

May 1 Jun 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 2

US

75

85

350

3,000

59

3,569

80

76

97.0

105.0

27.0

24.0

28.3

27.8

95.0

95.0

95.0

95.0

7,275

8,925

9,450

72,000

1,672

99,322

7,600

7,220

1 Area harvested for U.S. and northern States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2000. Yield and production will be published in

"Crop Production" released July 12, 2000. 2 Other States include MN and SD. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary."

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1998-99

and Forecast June 1, 2000 1

Year

Winter Spring

Hard Total

Red

Soft

Red White HardRed White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

1998

1999

2000

1,179,452

1,054,996

944,032

442,677

453,421

448,447

258,604

191,572

229,487

486,370

447,931

42,099

55,201

138,119

99,322

2,547,321

2,302,443

1 Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the

previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Washington Wheat Variety Survey indicates winter wheat

is 91 percent White.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 6 NASS, USDA

Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State, and Total,

1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000

State

Total Production

1998 1999 2000 1

Tons Tons Tons

 CA

 OR

 WA

 Total

15,200

55,000

98,000

168,200

73,000

50,000

68,000

191,000

45,000

52,000

95,000

192,000 1 The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, MT, NY, PA, and UT and tart cherries in CO, MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, and WI will

be published in "Cherry Production" released on June 22, 2000.

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States,

1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000

State

Total Production

1998 1999 2000

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

CA - Freestone

GA

SC

Total

CA - Clingstone 1

Total

681.0

70.0

140.0

891.0

1,045.0

1,936.0

755.0

110.0

160.0

1,025.0

1,059.0

2,084.0

840.0

105.0

150.0

1,095.0

1,120.0

2,215.0 1 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 7 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

1997-98, 1998-99 and Forecasted June 1, 2000 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless

 FL 5

 Colored Seedless

 FL 6

 Other

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL 5 6

 TX

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 4 7

 CA 4 7

 FL

 US

Lemons 4

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

K-Early Citrus

 FL

350

44,000

140,000

1,350

185,700

650

25,000

104,000

175

129,825

1,000

69,000

244,000

1,525

315,525

2,250

18,300

30,600

650

800

8,000

49,550

4,800

63,150

600

2,400

5,200

8,200

2,600

21,000

23,600

2,850

40

550

21,000

112,000

1,250

134,800

600

15,000

74,000

180

89,780

1,150

36,000

186,000

1,430

224,580

1,800

17,800

28,700

550

750

7,500

47,050

6,100

61,400

950

1,500

4,950

7,400

3,450

16,200

19,650

2,550

80

550

40,000

134,000

1,500

176,050

350

27,000

96,000

200

123,550

900

67,000

230,000

1,700

299,600

1,950

21,000

31,500

600

850

8,000

53,100

5,950

67,900

900

2,100

7,100

10,100

3,100

20,000

23,100

2,200

110

13

1,650

6,300

57

8,020

25

938

4,680

7

5,650

38

2,588

10,980

64

13,670

101

777

1,301

28

27

268

2,106

192

2,593

23

90

247

360

99

798

897

128

2

21

787

5,040

53

5,901

22

563

3,330

8

3,923

43

1,350

8,370

61

9,824

81

757

1,220

23

25

251

2,000

244

2,520

36

56

235

327

131

616

747

115

4

21

1,500

6,030

64

7,615

13

1,013

4,320

9

5,355

34

2,513

10,350

73

12,970

88

893

1,339

26

28

268

2,258

238

2,792

34

79

337

450

118

760

878

99

5 1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus &

Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of

tangerines in TX. 4 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5 Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6 Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 8 NASS, USDA

Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total,

1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000

State

Total Production

1998 1999 2000

Tons Tons Tons

CA

OR

WA

Total

277,000

65,000

145,000

487,000

292,000

66,000

190,000

548,000

280,000

55,000

175,000

510,000

Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop,

1998-99 and Forecasted June 1, 2000

Crop

Total Production

1998 1999 2000

Tons Tons Tons

Prunes (Dried Basis)

Apricots

108,000

113,000

178,000

85,000

200,000

95,000

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1999-00

Month

Area Fresh Production

Total in Crop Harvested 1999 2000

1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Apr

May

3,750

3,760

3,040

3,080

2,145

2,155

1,590

1,660

3,260

3,365

4,665

4,785
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 9 NASS, USDA

Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States,

1998-1999 and Forecasted June 1, 2000

State

and

Variety

Area Harvested Strung for Harvest

1998 1999 2000

Acres Acres Acres

ID

 Chinook

 Cluster

 Galena

 Horizon

 Mt. Hood

 Nugget

 Willamette

 Zeus

 Other Varieties

 Total

OR

 Fuggle

 Golding

 Mt Hood

 Nugget

 Perle

 Santiam

 Sterling

 Tettnanger

 Williamette

 Other Varieties

 Total

WA

 Cascade

 Chinook

 Cluster

 Columbus/Tomahawk

 Galena

 Golding

 Horizon

 Magnum

 Mt Hood

 Nugget

 Olympic

 Perle

 Tettnanger

 Williamette

 Zeus

 Other Varieties

 Total

US

384

657

733

 *

10

97

225

 *

1,803

3,909

189

235

225

2,415

385

-

-

154

2,290

268

6,161

992

1,007

2,605

3,999

5,779

83

130

 *

361

4,793

126

296

252

3,922

 *

2,228

26,573

36,643

202

417

625

7

32

89

248

201

1,541

3,362

98

110

253

2,153

406

-

-

88

2,321

393

5,822

906

791

1,321

4,374

5,282

35

268

99

384

4,195

 *

273

129

3,364

1,520

2,135

25,076

34,260

200

278

548

-

31

14

194

375

1,703

3,343

63

115

250

2,308

402

17

62

-

2,142

460

5,819

996

654

958

4,605

5,171

45

312

73

403

4,604

 *

276

 *

3,604

1,995

3,547

27,243

36,405

- Unknown or none.

* Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 10 NASS, USDA

Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production,

Price, and Value by State and United States, 1998-99 1

State

Area Planted Area Harvested Yield

1998 1999 2 1998 1999 2 1998 1999 2

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons

CA

CO

ID

MI

MN

MT

NE

ND

OH

OR

WA

WY

US

101.0

62.5

204.0

177.0

473.0

64.0

53.8

250.0

1.3

17.9

37.3

56.0

1,497.8

110.0

72.1

211.0

194.0

480.0

61.8

72.7

251.6

1.8

20.1

27.5

58.0

1,560.6

99.0

57.3

203.0

173.0

458.0

62.4

47.4

242.6

1.1

17.7

35.8

53.4

1,450.7

108.0

68.5

210.0

190.0

470.0

61.7

66.2

247.0

1.7

19.7

27.4

57.1

1,527.3

27.5

22.7

27.1

16.0

21.2

22.6

19.7

22.2

17.3

26.6

33.3

20.3

22.4

32.0

21.3

24.3

18.6

20.1

23.8

19.0

20.8

19.5

25.1

30.1

21.1

21.9

Production Price per Ton Value of Production

1998 1999 2 1998 1999 3 1998 1999 3

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CA

CO

ID

MI

MN

MT

NE

ND

OH

OR

WA

WY

US

2,723

1,301

5,501

2,768

9,710

1,410

934

5,386

19

471

1,192

1,084

32,499

3,456

1,459

5,103

3,534

9,447

1,468

1,258

5,138

33

494

825

1,205

33,420

39.80

35.40

39.90

36.70

35.10

36.90

35.20

35.40

37.50

41.00

22.90

39.00

36.40

108,375

46,055

219,490

101,586

340,821

52,029

32,877

190,664

713

19,311

27,297

42,276

1,181,494 1 Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted beets in CA. 2 Revised. 3 Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural

Prices", released July 31, 2000. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2001.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 11 NASS, USDA

Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price,

and Value by State and United States, 1998-99

State

Area Harvested Yield 1 Production 1

1998 1999 2 1998 1999 2 1998 1999 2

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

For Sugar

 FL

 HI

 LA

 TX

 US

For Seed

 FL

 HI

 LA

 TX

 US

For Sugar

 and Seed

 FL

 HI

 LA

 TX

 US

426.0

30.3

400.0

32.0

888.3

21.0

2.2

35.0

0.6

58.8

447.0

32.5

435.0

32.6

947.1

443.0

35.4

435.0

28.0

941.4

17.0

1.9

30.0

3.0

51.9

460.0

37.3

465.0

31.0

993.3

40.1

90.0

29.7

32.9

36.9

40.1

32.4

29.7

18.3

33.4

40.1

86.1

29.7

32.6

36.6

35.0

81.7

32.7

34.1

35.7

35.0

35.8

32.7

26.0

33.2

35.0

79.4

32.7

33.3

35.5

17,083

2,727

11,880

1,053

32,743

842

71

1,040

11

1,964

17,925

2,798

12,920

1,064

34,707

15,505

2,892

14,225

955

33,577

595

68

981

78

1,722

16,100

2,960

15,206

1,033

35,299

For Sugar For Sugar and Seed

Price per Ton Value of Production Value of Production 3

1998 1999 4 1998 1999 4 1998 1999 4

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

FL

HI

LA

TX

US

29.50

32.00

23.20

24.90

27.30

503,949

87,264

275,616

26,220

893,049

528,788

89,536

299,744

26,494

944,562 1 Yield and production refer to net weight. 2 Revised. 3 Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4 Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in "Agricultural Prices"

released July 31, 2000. State estimates will be published in "Crop Values" to be released February 2001.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 12 NASS, USDA

Maple Syrup: Production, Price, and Value

by State and United States, 1999-00 1

State

Production Average Price

per Gallon

Value of

Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Gallons 1,000 Gallons Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CT

ME 2

MA

MI

NH

NY

OH

PA

VT

WI

US 2

13

195

44

73

61

195

95

67

370

75

1,188

7

250

39

44

75

210

34

47

460

65

1,231

42.60

19.40

38.80

28.20

37.40

27.30

30.00

26.00

29.00

23.70

27.60

42.50

19.00

40.00

32.00

39.00

25.40

26.00

25.60

29.00

25.20

27.10

554

3,783

1,707

2,058

2,281

5,324

2,850

1,742

10,730

1,778

32,807

298

4,750

1,560

1,408

2,925

5,334

884

1,203

13,340

1,638

33,340 1 Price and value for 1999 are revised. Price and value for 2000 are preliminary. 2 1999 Production revised.

Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 1998-99 1

State

Retail Wholesale and Bulk

1998 1999 1998 1999

Percent Percent Percent Percent

CT

ME

MA

MI

NH

NY

OH

PA

VT

WI

70

10

60

58

60

43

63

41

40

35

75

10

70

45

70

47

58

52

40

52

30

90

40

42

40

57

37

59

60

65

25

90

30

55

30

53

42

48

60

48 1 1998 revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 13 NASS, USDA

Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container

by State, 1998-99 1

Type

and

State

Gallons 1/2 Gallon Quarts Pints 1/2 Pint

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars

Retail

 CT

 ME

 MA

 MI

 NH

 NY

 OH

 PA

 VT

 WI

Wholesale

 CT

 ME

 MA

 MI

 NH

 NY

 OH

 PA

 VT

 WI

34.30

33.30

31.90

29.50

30.90

30.35

29.70

28.50

29.80

26.20

33.90

26.10

26.40

29.30

27.60

29.80

24.40

25.00

26.80

25.60

36.40

29.00

34.20

31.50

33.50

29.70

29.00

27.50

30.70

27.20

30.20

26.80

26.90

26.10

29.40

25.50

26.20

26.70

25.40

27.10

19.60

17.70

18.60

16.10

17.70

17.10

16.80

16.50

17.60

14.30

18.20

15.90

15.40

14.90

15.60

16.40

13.40

14.40

15.50

13.60

20.60

15.70

20.00

17.40

19.00

16.60

16.60

16.10

18.10

15.10

11.90

14.50

15.40

15.50

15.70

14.80

14.30

14.40

15.40

14.90

11.40

10.00

11.20

9.30

10.80

10.00

9.45

9.46

10.30

7.50

10.10

8.55

8.30

7.70

8.20

8.10

8.55

8.24

8.60

7.20

12.00

9.50

11.40

9.60

11.20

9.35

10.10

9.25

10.50

8.00

9.10

8.00

8.50

8.30

8.60

7.90

8.20

8.28

8.60

7.90

7.10

5.85

6.30

5.30

6.50

6.25

6.20

5.59

6.35

4.30

5.60

4.90

5.05

4.30

4.95

4.85

5.25

4.75

5.00

3.90

7.00

5.50

6.50

6.00

6.50

5.95

6.30

5.76

6.70

4.80

5.30

4.70

4.65

4.40

5.00

4.70

5.10

5.06

5.15

4.60

4.65

4.15

5.05

3.20

3.85

4.10

4.25

3.44

4.45

2.70

3.65

3.60

3.05

2.20

3.10

2.95

3.60

2.96

3.05

2.40

4.70

3.70

4.15

4.10

4.00

3.65

4.10

3.60

4.30

3.20

3.45

3.65

3.00

3.00

3.00

2.05

3.65

3.15

3.25

2.80

Bulk All Grades Bulk All Grades All Sales

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Dollars per Pound Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon

Bulk

 CT

 ME

 MA

 MI

 NH

 NY

 OH

 PA

 VT

 WI

1.70

1.55

2.10

1.90

2.45

1.60

1.70

1.54

1.80

1.50

1.40

1.45

1.50

1.50

1.55

1.35

1.80

1.40

1.80

1.50

18.70

17.10

23.20

20.50

27.00

17.40

18.60

17.00

19.80

17.00

15.40

16.00

16.60

16.90

17.10

14.80

19.60

15.40

19.80

16.80

41.10

20.60

36.20

32.00

36.20

26.85

29.80

26.00

29.00

23.10

42.60

19.40

38.80

28.20

37.40

27.30

30.00

26.00

29.00

23.70 1 Prices for 1998 are revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 14 NASS, USDA

Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield,

and Production by State and United States, 1998-99 1

State

Area Planted Area Harvested

1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

AL

CA

GA

LA

MS

NJ

NC

SC

TX

VA

US

3.8

9.7

0.8

21.0

9.8

1.1

33.0

1.1

6.4

0.5

87.2

3.3

10.0

0.7

24.0

10.5

1.0

37.0

1.2

5.6

0.5

93.8

3.7

9.7

0.7

20.0

9.7

1.0

32.0

0.9

5.6

0.5

83.8

3.2

10.0

0.6

23.0

10.3

1.0

29.0

0.5

5.0

0.5

83.1

Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999

Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AL

CA

GA

LA

MS

NJ

NC

SC

TX

VA

US

170

220

100

110

140

105

170

90

45

225

148

130

240

100

150

150

100

130

95

70

190

147

629

2,134

70

2,200

1,358

105

5,440

81

252

113

12,382

416

2,400

60

3,450

1,545

100

3,770

48

350

95

12,234 1 1999 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 15 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

5,223.0

77,431.0

4,670.0

600.0

3,581.0

1,582.0

9,288.0

62,814.0

43,431.0

4,035.0

15,348.0

1,076.0

387.0

60.8

1,534.5

4.6

275.0

73,780.0

3,553.0

14,873.5

14,584.0

289.5

1,560.6

6.1

2,023.0

281.6

182.0

1,376.7

18.1

86.8

68.8

1,203.0

93.8

5,733.0

77,881.0

4,351.0

3,395.0

8,979.0

61,664.0

43,245.0

3,610.0

14,809.0

1,516.0

1,474.0

74,871.0

3,047.0

15,558.0

15,341.0

217.0

1,577.5

1,836.7

17.2

82.1

93.7

4,758.0

70,537.0

6,062.0

63,160.0

23,985.0

39,175.0

2,453.0

540.0

3,562.0

383.0

8,544.0

320.0

53,909.0

35,572.0

3,569.0

14,768.0

1,044.0

382.0

58.8

1,436.0

4.4

262.0

72,476.0

3,441.0

13,424.9

13,138.0

286.9

1,527.3

993.3

647.2

4.4

1,877.0

263.6

174.5

6.4

0.4

34.3

106.3

1,332.3

17.8

84.5

63.9

1,166.1

24.4

83.1

0.5

63,052.0

2,473.0

34,709.0

500.7

36.4

17.0

80.1

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 16 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

Bu

"

Ton

"

"

"

Bu

"

Cwt

Bu

"

Ton

Bu

"

"

"

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

"

"

"

Bu

Lb

Bale

"

"

Ton

"

Lb

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

Cwt

Lb

59.2

133.8

15.9

2.52

3.50

1.92

59.6

33.2

5,908

28.7

69.7

11.6

42.7

47.8

27.8

34.1

1,306

20.6

816

2,667

1,155

1,545

36.5

1,262

607

595

1,128

21.9

35.5

1,997

1,364

1,770

1,908

1,368

1,640

46,000

1,881

71

359

229

300

295

369

101

147

46.7

278

281

281,853

9,437,337

96,169

159,077

83,924

75,153

146,218

17,910

210,458

10,993

595,166

3,716

2,302,443

1,699,989

99,322

503,132

1,363,680

6,354

7,880

48,010

3,829,490

5,080

404,715

2,642,908

4,341,862

16,968.0

16,293.7

674.3

33,420

35,299

1,292,692

60

33,230

5,030

2,387

658

10,500

16,100

64,456

7,537

478,109

4,070

25,327

18,865

429,847

2,454

12,234

6,800

1,621,966

4,720

22,486

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 17 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

1998 1999 2000

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

"

"

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Lb

Ton

"

Lb

1,000 Lbs

Ton

"

"

Lb

Ton

Lb

"

Ton

Gal

2,593

2

897

13,670

128

360

101

11,648.4

118.5

21,000.0

5,820.0

90.0

39,900.0

2,401.3

955.1

108.0

25.6

520,000

15.5

146,400

188,000

227.0

1,159

2,520

4

747

9,824

115

327

81

10,741.3

90.8

24,500.0

6,169.4

145.0

42,400.0

2,521.4

981.6

178.0

22.9

830,000

38.0

341,700

123,000

283.0

1,188

2,792

5

878

12,970

99

450

88

200.0

675,000

1,231 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2 Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 18 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1999 2000 1999 2000

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4/

2,113,700

31,335,550

1,889,900

242,810

1,449,190

640,220

3,758,760

25,420,200

17,576,090

1,632,920

6,211,180

435,450

156,620

24,610

621,000

1,860

111,290

29,858,030

1,437,860

6,019,160

5,902,000

117,160

631,560

2,470

818,690

113,960

73,650

557,140

7,320

35,130

27,840

486,840

37,960

2,320,090

31,517,660

1,760,810

1,373,920

3,633,710

24,954,800

17,500,820

1,460,930

5,993,050

613,510

596,510

30,299,540

1,233,090

6,296,170

6,208,350

87,820

638,400

743,290

6,960

33,230

37,920

1,925,520

28,545,620

2,453,230

25,560,220

9,706,490

15,853,730

992,700

218,530

1,441,510

155,000

3,457,670

129,500

21,816,430

14,395,630

1,444,340

5,976,460

422,500

154,590

23,800

581,130

1,780

106,030

29,330,310

1,392,540

5,432,920

5,316,820

116,110

618,080

401,980

261,900

1,780

759,600

106,680

70,620

2,590

140

13,860

43,020

539,170

7,200

34,200

25,860

471,910

9,870

33,630

200

25,516,510

1,000,800

14,046,390

202,630

14,730

6,880

32,420

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 19 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

3.19

8.40

35.56

5.65

7.84

4.30

2.14

1.86

6.62

1.80

4.37

26.03

2.87

3.21

1.87

2.29

1.46

1.29

0.92

2.99

1.29

1.73

2.45

1.41

0.68

0.67

1.26

49.05

79.66

2.24

1.53

1.98

2.14

1.53

1.84

51.56

2.11

0.08

40.22

25.63

33.59

33.09

41.32

0.11

16.50

3.14

31.12

31.46

6,136,620

239,719,400

87,243,050

144,312,230

76,134,570

68,177,650

2,122,350

406,190

9,546,210

279,240

15,117,910

3,371,100

62,662,230

46,266,120

2,703,100

13,693,010

618,550

5,763,800

200,160

21,780

1,737,030

2,300

183,580

71,928,170

1,969,440

3,694,350

3,547,540

146,810

30,318,110

32,022,710

586,360

2,720

1,507,290

228,160

108,270

29,850

4,760

7,300

29,240

3,420

21,686,660

184,610

1,148,810

855,700

19,497,530

1,110

554,920

3,080

44,142,680

214,100

1,019,950

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2

 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 20 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00

(Metric Units)

Crop

Production

1998 1999 2000

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

2,352,330

1,810

813,740

12,401,220

116,120

326,590

91,630

5,283,630

107,500

9,530

5,279,770

81,650

18,100

1,089,210

866,490

97,980

23,220

235,870

14,060

66,410

85,280

205,930

5,790

2,286,110

3,630

677,670

8,912,180

104,330

296,650

73,480

4,872,170

82,370

11,110

5,596,810

131,540

19,230

1,143,690

890,450

161,480

20,770

376,480

34,470

154,990

55,790

256,730

5,940

2,532,860

4,540

796,510

11,766,190

89,810

408,230

79,830

181,440

306,170

6,150 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2000 crop

year. 2 Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 21 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 22 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 23 NASS, USDA

May Weather Summary

Near-record to record rainfall soaked the northern Corn Belt, easing or eliminating long-term drought, while

unfavorable dryness persisted in the southwestern Corn Belt, including southeastern Nebraska, southwestern Iowa, and

northern Missouri. Mostly dry weather, accompanied by occasional extreme heat, stressed dryland crops, increased

irrigation requirements, and fostered the spread of wildfires in the Southwest, Southeast (especially from eastern

Louisiana to the southern Atlantic Coast), and much of the central and southern Plains. In the latter region, the heat and

dryness accelerated winter wheat maturation and initial wheat harvesting. Meanwhile, late-month precipitation aided

drought-stressed small grains on the northern Plains. Heavy rainfall slowed fieldwork and crop development in the

Northeast, but provided significant long-term drought relief in the western Gulf Coast region (eastern Texas and western

Louisiana). In northern and central California, favorably warm, dry weather followed scattered early- to mid-month

showers.

A late-month heat wave gripped areas from the Southwest to the central and southern Plains, setting more than three

dozen May-record highs and propelling monthly temperatures 2 to 7 degrees F above normal. Hot weather also

periodically affected the Southeast, where temperatures ranged from 2 to 5 degrees F above normal. Monthly readings

averaged 1 to 3 degrees F above normal in the Corn Belt, aiding summer crop emergence and development. Corn Belt

high temperatures at or above 90 degrees F were largely confined to the driest southwestern areas and occurred on 5

days or fewer during May. Below-normal monthly temperatures were confined to northern New England (as much as 3

degrees F below normal), while near-normal readings prevailed in the Northwest. Late-month heat in California’s

Central Valley offset the effects of several early- to mid-month cool spells, resulting in May average temperatures being

within 2 degrees F of normal.

May Crop Summary

Planting and fieldwork progressed ahead of normal during May, as drier-than-normal weather prevailed over large

portions of the Southeast, Southwest, Great Plains, and Corn Belt. Corn and soybean planting progressed more than

1 week ahead of normal throughout the month. Corn planting was nearly complete in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and

Missouri by May 7, and by mid-month more than 90 percent of the Nation’s corn acreage was planted.

As corn planting neared completion, soybean planting accelerated. During the second week of the month, Iowa and

Minnesota growers planted nearly half of their soybean crop. By the end of the month, 85 percent of the soybean

acreage was planted, and progress was nearly 2 weeks ahead of the 5-year average.

Small grain seeding progressed well ahead of normal in the northern Great Plains. By May 21, spring wheat and barley

were 95 and 96 percent planted, respectively, more than 2 weeks ahead of the 5-year average for both crops. Oat

seeding was complete in Iowa and Nebraska at mid-month and by May 21, planting was 92 percent complete, more than

1 week ahead of last year and well ahead of the 5-year average. 

Cotton planting accelerated and progressed well ahead of normal in Oklahoma after a period of wet weather early in the

month. Dry weather also aided cotton planting in Missouri, where 90 percent of the crop was planted by mid-month,

nearly double the normal pace. In North Carolina, planting lagged behind normal early in the month, was ahead of

normal at mid-month, and equaled the 5-year average after mid-month. 

In some areas, especially in the southern High Plains and Southeast, topsoil moisture shortages hindered planting

progress. Cotton planting advanced slowly in Georgia, Louisiana, and South Carolina and lagged behind normal in all 3

States most of the month. In Texas, planting progressed slightly ahead of average, even though dry soils hindered

planting on the High Plains. Peanut planting was also delayed by dry soils in the Southeast, progressing behind normal

in Alabama, Florida, and Georgia throughout the month. 

Planting and fieldwork were hindered by above-normal precipitation along the western Gulf Coast, parts of eastern

Texas, and some inland areas of the Mississippi Delta. Rice planting was behind normal in Mississippi when the month

began and progressed slowly most of the month. Above-normal precipitation boosted moisture supplies and aided crop

development in northern California, but planting and fieldwork delays were minor.

Early month corn emergence was aided by above-normal temperatures, although many seeds laid in dry soils for nearly

2 weeks before sprouting. Light, scattered showers relieved excessive dryness and promoted germination in some areas,

but moisture shortages remained widespread, especially in the western Corn Belt. 

As mid-month approached, substantial rainfall aided emergence and replenished topsoil moisture supplies in parts of the

central Corn Belt. In the western and southern Corn Belt, well-timed light rainfall aided emergence, but provided little

reserve for crop development. During the week ended May 14, corn emergence advanced 50 and 48 percent in

Wisconsin and Iowa, respectively, while more than 40 percent of the acreage emerged in Illinois, Minnesota, and Ohio. 

By May 28, ninty-three percent of the corn and 67 percent of the soybeans were emerged, more than 1 week ahead of

last year’s pace.

In the northern Great Plains, adequate moisture supplies in most areas promoted germination of small grains. On

May 14, spring wheat and barley emergence was at 63 and 62 percent, respectively, more than double the 30 percent
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 24 NASS, USDA

normal for spring wheat and nearly twice the 33-percent average for barley. By May 28, both crops were 91 percent

emerged, but conditions deteriorated in Montana due to increasing moisture shortages. 

Winter wheat developed ahead of normal due to warm weather. Forty percent of the Kansas crop and about one-third of

the Illinois and Missouri acreage was heading by May 7, well ahead of normal in all three States. Fields rapidly

matured in the lower Mississippi Valley, southern Great Plains, and Southeast, with nearly all acreage headed by midMay in Arkansas, North Carolina, and Oklahoma. After mid-month, development accelerated in Nebraska and Ohio,

where 45 and 63 percent of the crop advanced to the heading stage during the week ended May 21.

Soft red winter wheat rapidly developed in the eastern Corn Belt during the final week of the month, as heading

advanced 30 and 21 percentage points in Michigan and Ohio, respectively. Hard red winter wheat rapidly advanced to

the heading stage in Colorado and South Dakota. On May 28, eighty-seven percent of the crop was at the heading stage

or beyond, more than 1 week ahead of last year and the 5-year average for this date.

Wheat harvest progressed with few rain delays in the southern Great Plains, and by May 28, harvest was 7 and 9 percent

complete in Texas and Oklahoma, respectively. Wheat rapidly matured in Kansas, where nearly one-half of the wheat

was turning color on May 28, compared with 14 percent a year ago and 13 percent normally turning color by this date.

Winter Wheat: Harvested area is forecast at 34.7 million acres, unchanged from May 1, but down 2 percent from

1999. Heading has reached 93 percent in the 18 major States. Harvest progress was 8 percent, ranging from none in

most states to 27 percent in Oklahoma and Texas.

Forecasted head counts from the Objective Yield surveys in the 6 Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas, Montana,

Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are slightly below last year’s final counts. Average head weights are well below last

year’s level. Winter wheat conditions in Kansas have dropped during May, leading to reduced yield potential. 

Temperatures in the 25-30 degree range hit the Eastern Plains of Colorado on May 13. Most damage was in the east

central area of Colorado where the wheat was flowering. Crop progress is 2 weeks ahead of normal in Nebraska. 

Moisture supplies are adequate in most areas of Oklahoma. Lingering effects of the drought have had a significant

impact on most of the major wheat producing areas of Texas. California had plentiful May rains which has led to

increased disease pressure.

Soft Red Winter yields in the Southeast are equal to, or higher than last month. Increases are also forecast in Michigan

and Pennsylvania. Mississippi, North Carolina, and Ohio yields are forecast at record levels. Disease pressure has been

minimal in Illinois. Prospects are for a very good crop in Indiana. Kentucky and Tennessee have experienced some

lodging due to severe weather. Conditions in Pennsylvania are mostly good to excellent. Disease and insect problems

have been minimal in Georgia. Collective head count forecasts are slightly below last year’s level in the Soft Red

Objective Yield States of Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio. Average head weights are also down from last year.

The Pacific Northwest States’ (Washington, Oregon, and Idaho) winter wheat crop condition is generally good to

excellent. More rain is needed in some areas, however crop development is slightly ahead of normal. Washington has

60 percent of its winter wheat headed, compared to 44 percent last year. Idaho has 31 percent of its winter wheat

headed, compared to 6 percent last year.

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at 14.8 million bushels. This is

unchanged from May 1, but down 9 percent from 1999. Arizona harvest was nearly 20 percent complete by June 1. 

Harvest in the California Imperial Valley began in earnest in early May. San Joaquin Valley harvest was underway on a

few fields by mid-May.

Peaches: The 2000 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 2.22 billion pounds, up

6 percent from 1999 and 14 percent above two years ago. Freestone peach production is forecast at 1.10 billion pounds,

7 percent above last year and up 23 percent from 1998. Ideal weather conditions in California are responsible for the

increase in Freestone production.

The California Freestone crop is forecast at a record high 840 million pounds, up 5 percent from the May 1 forecast, and

11 percent above 1999. The Freestone peach crop continues to progress smoothly as near ideal growing conditions

persist. The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.12 billion pounds, up 2 percent from the May 1 forecast, and

6 percent above 1999. Favorable weather has contributed to positive fruit development. There has been some mildew

reported in the Modesto area but overall the 2000 Clingstone crop remains in good condition.

The South Carolina peach crop is forecast at 150 million pounds, down 6 percent from last year but up 7 percent

from 1998. Fruit count per tree is up, however fruit size is smaller than last year due to lack of rain. Yield could

rebound if adequate rainfall is received in the next few weeks.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 25 NASS, USDA

Georgia’s peach crop is forecast at 105 million pounds, down 5 percent from 1999 but up 50 percent from the 1998

freeze and hail-damaged crop. Chill hours were adequate and there were no late freezes. However, dry conditions this

Spring have caused fruit size to be small which has diminished production. As of June 4, harvest progress is 24 percent

complete. This was ahead of last year’s 16 percent harvested but slightly behind the five-year average of 27 percent.

Bartlett Pears: Production of Bartlett Pears in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 510,000 tons, down

7 percent from last year but 5 percent above 1998.

Production in California is forecast at 280,000 tons, down 4 percent from 1999, but 1 percent above two years ago. The

spring weather has been good for tree quality in California. Maturity is normal for June 1 and fruit size is good but fruit

set is down. In Oregon, growers expect to harvest 55,000 tons, down 17 percent from last year and 15 percent

below 1998. Wet weather and frost have affected some growing areas in Oregon, with some growers reporting fruit set

to be lighter than last year. Washington’s Bartlett crop is forecast at 175,000 tons, down 8 percent from 1999 but

21 percent above two years ago. Producers in Washington are expecting the crop to be smaller than last year due to

pollination problems. Some Washington growers have reported frost during the bloom period.

Sweet Cherries: The 2000 sweet cherry production for California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 192,000 tons,

up 1 percent from 1999 and 14 percent above 1998. The sweet cherry crop in California is forecast at 45,000 tons,

38 percent less than last year’s production of 73,000 tons. California’s cherry season began with irregular blooming and

even reblooming on some trees. This resulted in irregular fruit set and harvest has been extended because fruit is not all

maturing at the same time. Scattered rains have also caused sporadic damage with the early varieties suffering the most. 

The quality of the remaining fruit is good. The Washington crop, at 95,000 tons, is 40 percent more than last year’s

poorly pollinated crop. Production in Oregon is forecast at 52,000 tons, up 4 percent from last year. Weather

conditions in both states have been generally favorable with some localized frost and hail damage.

Dried Prunes: California’s 2000 production is forecast at 200,000 tons, 12 percent above last year and 85 percent

greater than 1998. The 2000 prune season is progressing well. The northern and central prune growing areas are

experiencing a heavier fruit set than the previous year. The southern region is slightly lighter than last year.

Apricots: California’s 2000 apricot production is forecast at 95,000 tons, up 12 percent from last year but down

16 percent from 1998. The apricot bloom varied widely among orchards. Hail storms in April hit a majority of the

southern San Joaquin Valley. Harvest of early season varieties has begun, with fruit sizes normal and yields better than

expected.

Florida Citrus: May was a very hot and dry month. Growers and caretakers used irrigation equipment around the

clock to keep trees in good condition. Many lakes, ponds, streams, and water reservoirs have dried up and are no longer

usable for irrigation. Rain is needed to rebuild Florida's water supply. Due to the constant irrigation, most of the new

crop fruit is in good condition. However, the dry weather has limited growth. Harvest of Valencia oranges has been

very active during May. Six to eight million boxes of late oranges were picked each week during the month. Grapefruit

movement slowed considerably toward the end of the month as supplies were running low. By the end of May, the

Honey tangerine harvest was just about over for this season. Caretakers were kept busy operating and repairing

irrigation equipment. Hedging and topping activities continued. However, there has been a general burning ban due to

the drought and very little burning of grove debris has been allowed. Summer spraying and fertilizing is underway in all

areas.

Texas Citrus: Citrus harvesting for the 1999-00 season was complete by the end of May in the Rio Grande Valley. 

Precipitation totals last month were minimal throughout the citrus growing region. Orchards continue to be irrigated

where there is reserved water.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 26 NASS, USDA

California Citrus: The Navel orange harvest was virtually complete by June 1. Valencia orange and lemon picking

continued throughout the citrus growing areas. Grapefruit harvest was active in the San Joaquin Valley. New crop

blooms and fruit set were developing on the citrus trees.

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Picking of many fruit crops began during May. Table grapes for fresh use

were picked in the Coachella Valley. Good quality was evident. Major varieties harvested included Flame Seedless and

Perlettes. In other grape growing areas of the State, growers applied sulfur for mildew control. Cherry picking was

active, but some early varieties were hurt by scattered rain showers. Harvest of later varieties was doing well. Apricot

harvesting was underway with Katy the primary variety. Fruit size is average. Nectarine picking was active with May

Glo, Royal Glo, and Rose Diamond the major varieties. Red Beaut variety plums were also picked. Freestone peach

harvest continued with Queencrest, Crown Princess, and Crimson Lady varieties picked. Quality is excellent. The

clingstone peach crop is maturing well. Fruit set is heavy, but fruit size is small. Overall, the crop is in good condition. 

Bartlett pear maturity is normal for June 1. Fruit size is good, but tree set is down. Strawberry harvest was active in the

San Joaquin Valley, but rain showers hurt part of the crop. Almond growers were tying limbs that were breaking due to

a heavy set.

Grapefruit: The U.S. grapefruit forecast is 2.79 million tons, up 7 percent from last month and 11 percent above last

season. The Florida grapefruit forecast is increased 8 percent from the May forecast at 53.1 million boxes (2.26 million

tons). White seedless increased to 21.0 million boxes (893,000 tons), 8 percent higher than the May 1 forecast. The

colored seedless forecast is a record large 31.5 million boxes (1.34 million tons), a 9 percent increase from a month ago. 

If realized, the white seedless will be 18 percent higher than last season and the colored seedless will be 10 percent

above last season. 

The monthly Row Count survey shows about 5 percent of the rows remaining with harvestable amounts of fruit. Some

of the fruit is from late spring bloom and with the hot, dry weather, its usability is questionable. Most fresh fruit

packinghouses are closed for the season and the majority of the fruit is going to processors. Demand for processing

grapefruit has been strong all season to replenish inventories depleted last season. The seedy grapefruit forecast

continues at 600,000 boxes (26,000 tons), 50,000 boxes higher than last season. Harvest is about 95 percent complete. 

The Texas June 1 grapefruit forecast is 5.95 million boxes (238,000 tons), up 4 percent from the previous forecast but

down 2 percent from last season. Harvest was complete by the end of May and utilization surpassed previous

expectations. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from the April forecasts.

Tangerines: The 1999-00 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large 450,000 tons, up 2 percent from the previous

forecast and 38 percent above last season. Florida’s tangerine forecast is increased to a record large 7.10 million boxes

(337,000 tons), 3 percent higher than last month and 6 percent larger than the previous record crop from the 1979-80

season. Due to record low drop throughout the season, more fruit has been available for harvest than expected. 

Harvesting of the late season Honey variety is winding down. Nearly 97 percent of the rows observed during the Row

Count survey were harvested. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from the April forecasts.

Tangelos: The 1999-00 Florida tangelo forecast is final at 2.20 million boxes (99,000 tons), 14 percent less than last

season’s final utilization. Harvest is virtually complete based on the Row Count survey showing less than 1 percent of

the rows having unharvested fruit. The final utilization is the smallest since the 1968-69 season and about one-third the

size of the record large 6.40 million boxes recorded in 1979-80.

Temples: Florida’s 1999-00 Temple forecast is maintained at 1.95 million boxes (88,000 tons). If realized, it will be

the third smallest crop in the last forty seasons, surpassing only last season’s crop by 8 percent and the freeze affected

1989-90 crop by 39 percent. The Row Count survey shows about 2 percent of the rows remain unharvested.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 27 NASS, USDA

Papayas: Fresh papaya production from Hawaii is estimated at 4.79 million pounds for May, 3 percent more than in

April and 42 percent higher than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 3,080 acres, 1 percent higher than last month but

18 percent less than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 1,660 acres, was 4 percent higher than in April but 23 percent

lower than last May. Longer daylight hours and warmer temperatures were favorable toward papaya orchard growth

and fruit development. Light showers have kept soil moisture adequate in unirrigated orchards.

Hops: Area strung for harvest this year in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 36,405 acres, 6 percent more

than 1999 acreage but 1 percent less than 1998 acreage. Washington, with 27,243 acres for harvest, accounts

for 75 percent of the U.S. total. Oregon hop growers plan to harvest 5,819 acres or 16 percent of the U.S. total, with 

Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining 9 percent, or 3,343 acres strung for harvest this year.

Pacific Northwest weather conditions have been generally favorable this year with hop development mostly normal. 

Powdery mildew has developed in Washington earlier than last year. Treatments for powdery mildew are slowing

growth in some hop yards. However, vine growth has been mostly average, with some varieties already one half to three

quarters to the wire.

Sugar Crops: Revised sugarbeet production for the 1999 crop year is a record high 33.4 million tons, 3 percent above

the previous record established in 1998. Acres planted was 1,560,700, 4 percent more than 1998. Harvested acres, at

1,527,300, was 5 percent more than last year and the highest since 1,540,500 acres were harvested in 1969. The

estimated yield is 21.9 tons per acre, 3 percent below the 1998 yield of 22.5 tons. Compared with the previous estimate,

higher yields in California more than offset lower yields in Oregon and accounted for nearly all of the increase in

production.

Revised sugarcane production for the 1999 crop year is a record high 35.3 million tons, 2 percent above the previous

record of 34.7 million tons set last year. U.S. sugarcane growers harvested a record high 991,200 acres for sugar and

seed during the 1999 crop year, 5 percent more than last year’s final harvested acres. The record high acreage is due to

a 30,000 acre expansion in Louisiana and a 13,000 acre increase in Florida. Yield is estimated at 35.5 tons per acre,

3 percent below last year’s yield of 36.6 tons. Louisiana’s yield, at 32.7 tons per acre is a record high, 3.0 tons above

the previous record high set in 1998. Compared with the March 1 estimate, lower yields in Florida and Louisiana

accounted for virtually all of the decrease in production.

Sweet Potatoes: The final estimate of 1999 sweet potato production is 12.2 million cwt, up 2 percent from the

preliminary estimate made in January but 1 percent below the 1998 crop. Harvested acreage of 83,100 acres was

up slightly from January but 1 percent below a year earlier. The average yield of 147 cwt per acre was up 2 cwt

from the January estimate but 1 cwt below the average yield of 1998. The sweet potato crops in California,

Mississippi, and Texas were larger than earlier estimated.

Maple Syrup: The 2000 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.23 million gallons, up 4 percent from last year’s production of 1.19 million gallons. The preliminary value of production, at $33.3 million, is up 2 percent from

1999. The increase in value of production was due to higher production which more than offset a slightly lower

average price. 

Vermont led all States in production, with 460,000 gallons, an increase of 24 percent from last season. Maine

was second with 250,000 gallons, up 28 percent from last year. New York’s production, at 210,000 gallons,

increased 8 percent from 1999. New Hampshire produced 75,000 gallons, up 23 percent from last year.

Maple syrup production in all other producing States was down. In the Northeast, Connecticut, Massachusetts,

and Pennsylvania production was down 46 percent, 11 percent, and 30 percent, respectively. Production was also

down in Michigan by 40 percent, Ohio by 64 percent, and Wisconsin by 13 percent. Michigan and Ohio

experienced the lowest levels of production on record.

Overall, number of taps was up about 1 percent. Notable exceptions are Ohio and Wisconsin where producers did

not set as many taps because of the unusually warm weather conditions. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 28 NASS, USDA

Temperatures were generally favorable for good sap flow and syrup production in Maine, New Hampshire, and

Vermont. In all other producing States temperatures were unfavorable. Warmer than usual temperatures affected

most States by shortening the length of the season. Overall, the season lasted an average of 27 days. This

compares to 31 days in 1999. Season length ranged from 20 days in Ohio to 30 days in Maine.

Sugar content of the sap was below average, requiring approximately 46 gallons of sap to produce a gallon of

syrup. This is in contrast with 43 gallons of sap to produce one gallon of syrup in 1999. Most syrup was medium

and dark amber colored, with very little light syrup produced.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 29 NASS, USDA

Reliability of June 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 25 and June 5 to gather

information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in ten States that accounted for

65 percent of the 1999 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported

acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made

within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in

late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year

historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and

weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of

yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month

until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 7,000 wheat producers representing all major production

areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat

acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to

provide indications of average yields as the season progresses.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their

analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State

analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts. 

Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month

throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing season, a

balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions

are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 winter wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean

Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by expressing the deviation

between the June 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the

squared percentage deviations for the 1980-1999 20-year period; the square root of the average becomes statistically the

"Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast

relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from

those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.3 percent. This means that chances

are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.62 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by

more than 5.3 percent or approximately 86 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that

the difference will not exceed 9.1 percent or approximately 148 million bushels. Differences between the June 1 winter

wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 79 million bushels, ranging

from 8 million to 242 million bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10

times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final

production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2000 30 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact

for additional information.

Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-2127

Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526

Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688

Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234

Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621

Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127

Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-3250

Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4288

Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas,

Mushrooms (202) 690-0270

Keith Lacy - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940

Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

 Strawberries (202) 720-2157
The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on July 12, 2000.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race, color,

national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information

(braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 14th and

Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity

provider and employer.

ACCESS TO REPORTS!!

For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services:

INTERNET ACCESS

All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. For access, connect to the Internet and go to the NASS

Home Page at: http://www.usda.gov/nass/. Select “Today’s Reports” or Publications and then Reports by Calendar or Publications and then Search, by Title or Subject.

E-MAIL SUBSCRIPTION

There are two options for subscribing via e-mail. All NASS reports are available by subscription free of charge direct to your

e-mail address. 1) Starting with the NASS Home Page at http://www.usda.gov/nass/, click on Publications, then click on the

Subscribe by E-mail button which takes you to the page describing e-mail delivery of reports. Finally, click on Go to the

Subscription Page and follow the instructions. 2) If you do NOT have Internet access, send an e-mail message to: usda-reports@usda.mannlib.cornell.edu. In the body of the message type the word: list.

AUTOFAX ACCESS

NASSFax service is available for some reports from your fax machine. Please call 202-720-2000, using the handset attached to

your fax. Respond to the voice prompts. Document 0411 is a list of available reports.

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 

PRINTED REPORTS OR DATA PRODUCTS

CALL OUR TOLL-FREE ORDER DESK: 800-999-6779 (U.S. and Canada) Other areas, please call 703-834-0125 FAX: 703-834-0110

(Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order acceptable for payment.) 

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ASSISTANCE

For assistance with general agricultural statistics or further information about NASS or its products or services, contact the Agricultural Statistics Hotline at 800-727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov.