LEMONS: Production of lemons in Arizona and California is expected to total 29.3 million boxes

{1.01 million metric tons), unchanged from last month and 41 percent more than last
season. The California crop forecast continues at 23.0 million boxes, up 30 percent from the
previous season. Lemon picking is active in all districts and fruit is maturing early because
of unusually warm weather. The forecast for Arizona is unchanged at 6.30 million boxes, more
than double the smal] crop harvested last season. Harvest is past the peak but there is still
volume movement.

TANGELOS: The Florida tangelo crop forecast continues at last month's level of 5.00 million

boxes (204 thousand metric tons), 22 percent below the 1979-80 season. The tangelo
crop harvest was nearing completion at the time of the freeze with an estimated 92 percent
utilized to February 1. Considerable icing was evident in most of the remaining fruit, and
those few undamaged groves will be rapidly harvested for the fresh trade.

TANGERINES: The U.S. tangerine crop is now forecast at 5.50 million boxes (215 thousand metric

tons), 12 percent less than Jast month's estimate and 13 percent below the 1979-80
season. In Florida, the crop to be utilized is now estimated at 3.10 million boxes as freeze
damage has virtually ended further harvest. The California crop is now forecast at 1.70 million
boxes while Arizona's production estimate continues at 700 thousand boxes. California growers
are actively harvesting Minneolas with good quality reported.

TEMPLES: Production of Florida temples is now forecast at 3.50 million boxes (143 thousand

metric tons), down 39 percent from the January 1 forecast of 5.70 million boxes (233
thousand metric tons) and 42 percent less than production in 1979-80. Serious freeze damage
occurred in mid-January to most of the State's unpicked temples. Because of the thin skin
characteristic of the fruit, the balance of the crop will have to be picked and processed
quickly to avoid large tosses from drying. An estimated 1.00 million boxes had been utilized to
February 1. Most of the temple acreage is in the interior growing areas which were hardest hit
by the freeze.

PAPAYAS: Fresh papaya production in Hawaii for February is forecast at 4.65 million pounds

(2110 metric tons), up 6 percent from January. Fresh production in March wil) drop to
4.10 miltion pounds (1860 metric tons). A seasonal production upswing will begin in April with
a 6 percent increase over the previous month and continue into May when 4.40 million pounds
(2000 metric tons) are expected.

Fresh production totaled 4.37 million pounds (1980 metric tons) in January, up 57 percent
from the same month a year earlier. Area in crop amounted to 3060 acres (1240 hectares) in
January, up 7 percent from a year ago. Harvested area was also up from January 1980 to 2120
acres (860 hectares) or 69 percent of the total area in crop.

POTATOES: The 1981 winter potato crop in the U.S. is forecast at 2.38 million cwt (108 thousand

metric tons), down 1 percent from last month. This production is 1 percent above 1980
but is one of the smallest crops of record. The drop in expected production from last month is
attributed to poorer yield prospects in Florida. Estimated yields for the two States (California
and Florida) averaged 202 cwt per acre, down 5 cwt from last month and 3 cwt below 1980.
Harvested acreage is expected to total 11.8 thousand acres (4780 hectares) up 2 percent from
last month and 3 percent above last year.

The production forecast for Florida is 1.55 million cwt, 8 percent less than last month and
7 percent below 1980. This year’s crop was damaged by a hard freeze the morning of January 13.
Yield prospects were reduced most in early planted fields. Estimated yield at 180 cwt per acre
is 15 cwt below both last month and 1980. Harvest is underway but has been delayed by cold
weather. Heavy harvesting volume is not expected until after mid-February.

California's winter crop forecast is 16 percent greater than January 1 and 18 percent above
last year. Expected yield at 260 cwt per acre is up 20 cwt from last month while harvested
acreage is up 7 percent. Harvest progressed well during January under favorable weather
conditions. Quality has been excellent in all areas and cullage is expected to be lighter than
usual. Harvest in San Diego County is complete. In the Kern District and the Perris-Hemet
area, harvest is still active.

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 § CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA


UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE POSTAGE ANDO FEES PAID

WASHINGTON, D.C, 20250 U.S, DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE
eo AGR 101
OFFICIAL BUSINESS FIRST CLASS

PENALTY FOR PRIVATE USE, $300

To stop mailing [_} or to change your
address [_] send this sheet with label
intact, showing new address, to Crop
Reporting Board P . ESS, U.S.
Dept. of Agriculture, Rm. 0005 South
Building, 14th & Independence Ave. S.W.,
Wash., 0.C. 20250.

FLORIDA CITRUS FREEZE DAMAGE REPORT

The cold wave of January 13 and 14, and to a lesser extent on January 18
and 19, brought severe subfreezing temperatures to all Florida citrus
producing districts. Damage from the January 198] freeze is greater than
freeze damage in January 1977 in the production areas to the north and west
where Jong durations of below freezing temperatures were recorded. Fruit from
the East Coast production area received the least damage. Continued cool
weather since the freeze period has slowed fruit deterioration.

A special cutting survey conducted January 27-29 showed 90 percent of the
early and mid-season oranges and 53 percent of the Valencias damaged. The
same damage survey showed that about 31 percent of the grapefruit and 73
percent of the temples had apparent damage. The survey also showed more
severe leaf damage to orange trees this year than four years ago, less severe
for grapefruit and about the same for temples. Long term effects to citrus
trees cannot yet be fully evaluated.

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 8 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA


During January, Kansas wheat sustained isolated light wind damage and warm weather promoted
insect activity in fields. Short soil moisture supplies in Oklahoma limited growth and warm
temperatures kept wheat from going into true dormancy. Some growers sprayed fields for weeds
and insects. More moisture is needed to improve conditions in Texas. Grazing prospects have
been poor in dryland fields, but irrigated fields provided good grazing. Wind damage in Montana
has been light to moderate. In the Pacific Northwest, wheat was in good to excellent condition
at the beginning of February, but concern has grown for disease problems or possible winterkill
if the weather changes radically.

ORANGES: The U. S. all orange crop as of February 1 is forecast at 245 million boxes (9.53

million metric tons) for the 1980-81 season, down 1] percent from the January 1
forecast and 11 percent less than the 1979-80 season. Florida's freeze-damaged crop is now
estimated at 173 million boxes, a 15 percent reduction from the January 1 estimate and 16
percent below last season's total. Production prospects for early and mid-season oranges in
Florida are off 7 percent from last month to 107 million boxes, and are 9 percent less than last
season. The Valencia crop in Florida is now forecast at 66.0 million boxes, down 25 percent
from a month ago and 26 percent less than the 1979-80 season.

Harvest of all U.S. oranges as of February 1 was about 34 percent complete compared with 30
percent on the same date a year earlier. Harvest of Florida early and mid-season varieties was
67 percent complete with weekly harvest for processing running at about 11.0 million boxes.

California production, estimated at 64.0 million boxes, is unchanged from last month and is
7 percent above last season. Navel orange output is placed at 37.0 million boxes, unchanged
from the January 1 estimate and 13 percent above the previous record harvest during the 1979-80
season. As of February 1, 27 percent of California's navel crop expected to be utilized had
been harvested. California's Valencia orange crop forecast, at 27.0 million boxes, is unchanged
from a month ago and the same production level as last season.

Texas orange production is now forecast at 4.80 million boxes, down 4 percent from last
month but 19 percent above the 1979-80 harvest. The Arizona crop is now expected to total 3.05
million boxes, up 2 percent from Jast month's estimate but 13 percent below last season's
production. The Texas harvest as of February 1 is 53 percent complete and Arizona 30 percent

complete.

Changes in U.S. orange production between the February 1 forecast and final production have
averaged 7.45 million boxes over the past ten seasons, ranging from 1.30 million boxes in
1977-78 to 18.5 million boxes in the 1970-71 season.

NOTE: A freeze damage report for Florida is presented on page 8.

FLORIDA FROZEN CONCENTRATED JUICE YIELD: The cold weather that hit the Florida citrus producing
areas in mid-January caused an expected loss of 65
million gallons of F.C.0.J. The all orange indicated F.C.0.J. yield has been reduced to 1.19
gallons per box at 43.4 degree brix equivalent. The January 1 forecast yield was 1.37 gallons
per box.

GRAPEFRUIT: The 1980-81 U.S. grapefruit crop is now forecast at 66.7 million boxes (2.46 mil-

lion metric tons), down 9 percent from last season. This is 6 percent less than a
month ago as a result of the freeze damage to Florida's crop and reduced praspects in Texas. In
Florida, growers now expect to harvest 48.5 million boxes, down 7 percent from last month and 11
percent below last season. Loss of grapefruit will result from higher droppage caused by the
freezing weather and to a lesser extent, from weight loss of the processed portion of the crop.
Internal damage is not as severe in grapefruit as in other fruit but stem adherence is
weakened. The Texas crop is now forecast at 7.80 million boxes, 5 percent less than last month
and 1 percent below last season. The California production forecast continues at 7.30 million
boxes, 3 percent below the 1979-80 harvested production. Arizona's crop forecast continues at
3.10 million boxes, 3 percent above last season.

Grapefruit harvest was 40 percent complete on February 1 compared with 38 percent on the
same date last year. Picking in Florida was 43 percent complete compared with 40 percent on
February 1 last season. Arizona and California are also ahead of last season's harvest but
harvest is lagging in Texas with only 51 percent of the crop picked compared with 67 percent
Yast year at this time.

Changes in the U.S. production between the February 1 forecast and final production have

averaged 2.12 million boxes over the past ten seasons, ranging from 20.0 thousand boxes in
1978-79 to 5.60 million boxes in 1979-80.
}

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 4 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA


PAPAYAS - HAWAII

FRESH PRODUCTION

FORECAST

198)
1,000 POUNDS
4,370
4,650
4,100
4,350
4,400

WINTER POTATOES

PRODUCTION

H AREA HARVESTED

2 IND
1989 ¢ 19@L & 1979 3 1980 1979 & 1980 1981
2 1,000 ACRES CcwT 1,000 cwT
CALIF 1/2 3.3 3.0 362 240 235 260 792 705 832
FLA 3 8.6 6.5 8.6 185 195 180 1,591 1,658 1,546
TOTAL 1/3 11.9 11.5 1128 200 205 202 2,383 2,363 2,380

ee ee eee ee ea ee eee ea

1/ REVISED 1981 PLANTED ACREAGE IN THOUSAND ACRES?
3.2 CALIFORNIA ANO 11.6 U.S,

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 6 + CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA


Crop
CROP PRODUCTION Reporting
Board
Released: February 11, 1981 Economics and
3:00 P.M. ET Statistics Service

U.S. Department
of Agriculture

Washington, D.C.
20250

HIGHLIGHTS

CITRUS production is forecast at 14.9 million tons (13.6 million
metric tons), 9 percent less than last season.

ORANGE production is forecast at 245 million boxes (9.53 million
metric tons), down 11 percent from the 1979-80 season.

GRAPEFRUIT production is forecast at 66.7 million boxes (2.46 million
metric tons), 9 percent below last season's harvest.

LEMON production at 29.3 million boxes (1.01 million metric tons) is
up 41 percent from last season.

WINTER POTATO production is forecast at 2.38 million cwt (108 thousand
metric tons), down 1 percent from the January 1 forecast
but 1 percent above 1980.

CrPr 2-2 (2-81) For Information Call: (202) 447-2127


CITRUS FRUIT Vv

3 PRODUCTION PROOUCTION
CROP : Boxes : TON EQUIVALENT

Beeman weewee nese en een ne weoewe. eeennsecewee
AND : UTILIZED t INDICATE! UTILIZED NOICATED
STATE 1976-79 1960-81 1978079 1980-81

1,000 UNITS @¢ 1,000 UNITS
ORANGES,EARLY MID & NAVEL 3/3
ARIZ 3 700 850 900 26 32 33
CALIF z 20,800 32,600 37,000 780 1,223 1,368
FLA 3 91,000 117,900 107,000 4,095 5,306 4,815
TEX : 4,300 2,300 2,800 163 98 119
us 2 116,800 153,650 147,700 5,084 6,659 6,355
ORANGES, VALENCIA 3
ARIZ z 2,200 2,650 2,150 63 99 a1
CALIF : 16,500 27,000 27,000 619 1,012 1,012
FLA 3 73,000 88,800 66,000 3,265 3,996 2,970
TEX 3 2,100 1,730 2,000 89 13 85
us fy 93,600 120,180 97,150 4,076 5,180 4,148
ALL ORANGES : ;
ARIZ 3 2,900 3,500 3,050 109 131 114
CALIF : 37,300 59,600 64,000 1,399 . 29235 2,400
FLA + 164,000 206,700 173,000 7,380 9,302 7,785
TEX 3 6,400 4,030 4,800 272 171 204
us 2 210,600 273,830 244,850 9,160 11,839 10,503
TEMPLES 3
FLA : 4,700 6,000 3,500 212 270 158
GRAPEFRUIT, WHITE SEEDLESS 3
FLA 3 29,400 31,100 27,000 1,250 1,322 1,147
GRAPEFRUIT, PINK SEEOLESS 3
FLA z 13,300 15,800 13,500 565 671 S74
OTHER GRAPEFRUIT :
FLA 3 7,300 7,900 8,900 310 336 340
ALL GRAPEFRUIT 3
ARIZ 3 2,250 3,000 3,100 72 6 99
CALIF 3
DESERT 3 3,260 4,200 3,800 104 134 122
OTHER AREAS 3 2,870 34300 3,500 9% ait 117
TOTAL 3 6,130 77500 7,300 200 245 239
FLA 3 $0,000 94,800 48,500 2,125 26329 2,061
TEX : 9,000 77900 7,800 360 316 312
u 3 67,380 73,200 66,700 2,757 2,986 2y7h1
TANGERINES 3
ARIZ 3 450 750 700 17 268 26
CALIF : 1,450 1,650 1,700 $4 62 64
FLA 3 3,500 34900 3,100 166 185 147
us 3 3,400 6,300 5,500 237 275 237
LEMONS 3
ARIZ : 5,500 3,050 6,300 209 116 239
CALIF 3 14,100 17,700 23,000 536 673 874
us 3 19,600 20,750 29,300 745 789 1,113
TANGELOS 3
FLA 3 4,200 6,400 5,000 189 288 225

1/ THE CROP YEAR BEGINS WITH THE BLOOM OF THE FIRST YEAR )
SHOWN AND ENDS WITH YEAR HARVEST IS COMPLETED.
2/ NET LBS PER BOX! ORANGES*CALIF & ARIZ*75,FLA=90¢
TEX=853 GRAPEFRUIT=CALIF DESERT & ARI2Z-64, CALIF
OTHER=67, FLA-85, TEX=803 LEMONS@76i TANGELOS &
TEMPLES-90; TANGERINES-CALIF & ARIZ-75, FLA-95.
3/ NAVEL AND MISCELLANEOUS VARIETIES IN CALIFORNIA AND
ARIZONA, EARLY AND MIOSEASON VARIETIES IN FLORIDA AND
TEXAS, INCLUDING SMALL QUANTITIES OF TANGERINES IN
TEXAS,

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 7 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA


UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY
(DOMESTIC UNITS)
CITRUS FRUITS, PRODUCTION 1/

1979-80

1,000 BOXES
ORANGES : 275,000 244,850
GRAPEFRUIT z 70,600 66,700

LEMONS

EAR SHOWN AND ENDS WITH THE COMPLETION OF HARVEST THE

WI NTER POTATOES

YIELD PER “ACRE PRODUCTION

INDICATED 1981

1980: INDICATED

1981

UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY
(METRIC UNITS)
CITRUS FRUITS, PRODUCTION YU

INDICATED 1980-81

METRIC TONS
ORANGES t 10 740 160 10 761 030 9 528 160
GRAPEFRUIT: 2 708 850 2 609 060 2 459 380
LEMONS 715 770 ¥ 009 700 1 009 700

IN BEGINS WITH BLO!
TOLLOWING YEAR.

OF THE FIRST YEAR SHOWN AND EN

WINTER POTATOES

AREA HARVESTED YIELD PER HECTARE

1980 INDICATED 1980 INDICATED
HECTARES METRIC TONS
4 650 4 780 22.58 107 180 108 730 107 950

The CROP PRODUCTION report contains State and National estimates with related information
on selected agricultural commodities. These data were prepared and adopted by the Crop Re-
porting Board which consists of commodity statisticians from the field offices and Washington
headquarters.

APPROVED: CROP REPORTING BOARD:
J. L. Olson, Chairman,
G. L. Clampet, Secretary,
R D. W. Barrowman,  R. P. Small,
Hu. F. Benford, R. 0. Fenley,
D. C. Johnson, S. R. Koyle,

R. W. Milton.

SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 2 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA

~


JANUARY WEATHER SUMMARY

Drought plagued much of the Nation during the month. Most of the area east of the Rockies
had less than half of the normal amount of rain. Unusually dry weather was more spotty in the
West, but most of the Pacific Northwest was much drier than normal. Warm weather depleted the
sparse snowcover in the mountains but this had begun to rebuild at the end of the month. The
average temperature for the month was warmer than normal west of the Mississippi River and
colder to the east. Nearly continuous surges of cold air caused a hard freeze to spread into
southern Florida on the 13th and 14th.

The new year got off to a wintry start with a storm system moving northeastward from the
upper Ohio Valley and spreading snow from northern Virginia and Maryland through New England.
Frigid arctic air moved in behind the storm and covered most of eastern United States by January
4th.

FIRST WEEK...The first calendar week of the month was much colder than normal in most of the
East. Average temperatures were as much as 18° below normal in the central Appalachians and
the upper Ohio Valley. The opposite extreme prevailed in the West where temperatures were 15°
warmer than normal in Montana. Precipitation was generally light but some moderate amounts fell
in the South. Light rain was welcomed in southern California, Arizona, and southern New Mexico.

SECOND WEEK...Almost daily surges of cold air into the northern Plains pushed farther
southward until almost unmodified arctic air covered the entire Florida Peninsula. One of the
hardest freezes in Florida‘s history was recorded on Tuesday, January 13th. Freezing
temperatures reached into the Everglades of southern Florida. Damage to citrus was heavy and
much of the vegetable crop was wiped out. A hard freeze was recorded again ontdanuary 14th,
causing further damage. There was little precipitation over most of the Nation but the
Southwest received light to moderate amounts. Light snow fell along the eastern slopes of the
Rockies. Only a Vittle moisture was involved, but it wil) be helpful to winter wheat root
systems when it melts.

THIRD WEEK...€old weather continued in the South early in the week and freezing temperatures
again reached into’ southern Florida but were not ds low as the previous week. The input of cold
air stopped and warming began over the Nation. Temperatures in much of the northern Plains
averaged 21° to 25° above normal. As the frigid weather moved out of the Southeast it was
replaced by warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico. Rain began on the south coast of Texas and
spread northeastward. Moderate amounts fell in Texas, the Tennessee Valley, and the
mid-Atlantic coast. Elsewhere, another Pacific storm brought rain to the Pacific Northwest and
western California with heavy amounts covering the northern part of the State.

FOURTH WEEK...Precipitation spread over most of the Nation during the week. Only western
Texas, the southern Rockies, and the extreme southern Plateau region remained dry.
Drought-plagued areas from northern Louisiana to central Kentucky received amounts in excess of
2 inches and 1 to 2 inch amounts were widespread from the lower Mississippi Valley to the upper
Ohio Valley. Much of the winter wheat in the centra] Plains was covered with 1] to 4 inches of
snow. A low pressure system moved slowly into northerii California during the week and brought
another episode of heavy rain (snow in the mountains) to the area. Some heavy rains also
occurred in the southern part of the State. Snow spread across the Plateau and the central and
northern Rockies. (Prepared by NOAA/USDA Joint Agricultural Weather Facility.)

WINTER WHEAT

Winter wheat rated good to excellent in the Pacific Northwest, good in the Corn Belt, and
fair to good in the Southwest at the beginning of the year. In the Great Plains, winter wheat
was in. fair to good condition, except in Kansas where the crop rated good. On the last day of
January, snow covered the Corn Belt and Plains States extending southward to the middle of
Kansas, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. Prior to this snowfall, virtually no snowcover existed
anywhere in major wheat producing regions except parts of the Corn Belt, leaving stands
vulnerable to wind and freeze damage. Temperatures generally averaged above normal for the
month of January except in the eastern third of the Nation. All areas needed rain or snow to
help restore short soil moisture supplies. At the end of January, winter wheat rated fair to
good with no significant ‘freeze damage and only light to moderate wind damage.

CROP PRODUCTION, FEBRUARY 1981 3 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESS, USDA