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Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
14 NASS, USDA

February 1992


Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by Use, State, and United States, 1989-91

Production 1/

1989 1990 1991
Coaletatatal 1,000 Tons ------
For Sugar

FL : 419.0 429.0 35.5 34.3 12,717 14,874 14,715
HI 2/ 3 72.0 66.5 90.8 87.3 7,082 6,538 5,805
LA 2/  : 201.0 321.0 20.6 23.0 7,440 4,150 7,383
TM 2/ : 34.4 34.9 26.5 31.5 830 913 1,099
US : 726.4 851.4 36.4 34.1 28,069 26,475 29,002

For Seed:
FL : 45.0 14.0 35.5 34.3 471 533 480
HI 2/ : 7.0 7.5 26.4 25.2 195 185 189
LA 2/ : 44.0 24.0 20.6 23.0 643 906 552
TX 2/ 1.8 1.7 20.6 20.0 48 37 34
US : 67.8 47.2 24.5 26.6 1,357 1,661 1,255

For Sugar :

and Seed

FL : 434.0 443.0 35.5 34. 13,188 15,407 15,195
HI 2/ : 79.0 74.0 85.1 81. 7,277 6,723 5,994
LA 2/  : 245.0 345.0 20.6 23. 8,083 5,056 7,935
TX 2/ : 36.2 36.6 26.2 31. 878 950 =—-1,133
: 2 6 33 29,426 28,136 30,257

1/ Net tons.
2/ Current estimates carried forward from earlier forcast.

Winter Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State
and United States, 1990-91 and Forecasted February 1

Area Harvested Production

1991 1992

1,000 Acres = -~-- Cwt ----  — ------- 1,000 Cwt -------

CA 4.6 5.1 245 220 1,265 1,127 1,122
FL 7.6 8.0 195 200 1,078 1,482 1,600
US 12.2 13.1 214 208 2,343 2,609 2,722
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1992 5 NASS, USDA


Florida's grapefruit forecast is 42.0 million boxes, unchanged from January 1
but 7 percent less than the 1990-91 crop. The Florida white seedless
grapefruit forecast is 20.0 million boxes, unchanged from the January 1
forecast but 8 percent below the previous season; colored seedless at

20.5 million boxes, remains unchanged from last month's forecast but 6 percent
Tess than the 1990-91 crop; seedy grapefruit, at 1.50 million boxes, is
unchanged from January 1 but 6 percent below last season. Acreage fruit size
is good this season and harvest is 51 percent complete.

The California Desert and Arizona forecasts of 3.50 million boxes and
2.30 million boxes, respectively, are carried forward from January 1.

The Texas crop is forecast at 65,000 boxes. Last season, Texas had no
commercial production due to the severe December 1989 freeze. Harvest is
virtually complete.

Tangerines: The U.S. all tangerine forecast is 203,000 tons, up slightly from

the previous forecast and 24 percent above last season's utilized
production. This forecast includes the Dancy, Robinson, Honey, and Sunburst
varieties of tangerines in Florida, as well as production of California and
Arizona tangerines.

The Florida forecast is 2.43 million boxes, up 1 percent from January 1 and

25 percent higher than the 1990-91 season. Florida harvest as of February 1
was approximately 73 percent complete. Harvest of Dancy tangerines is complete
while 41 percent of the Honey tangerines has been picked. Fresh demand has
been very good. The California crop forecast remains at 1.50 million boxes,

15 percent above last season. The Arizona forecast is 850,000 boxes, up

42 percent from the 1990-91 utilized production. Both the California and
Arizona forecasts have been carried forward from January 1.

Tangelos: The Florida crop, excluding K-early citrus fruits, at 2.70 million
boxes, is up 4 percent from January 1 and up 2 percent from the 1990-91 season.
Harvest is virtually complete and fruit size has been good.

Florida Citrus: Groves and trees in al] areas of the citrus belt are in good

to excellent condition even with below average January
rainfall. There were light showers weekly that provided sufficient moisture,
which was augmented by low volume irrigation. Little new growth and only
scattered bloom in isolated southern area groves are seen. Harvest of early
and midseason fruit is 97 percent complete. The early-mid fruit quality has
been good this season. Movement of all seedless grapefruit was active on the
lower east coast during January. About 51 percent of the seedless grapefruit
has been picked to date. Tangelo harvest is virtually complete. Harvest of
Dancy tangerines is complete. Fresh demand has been good. Honey tangerine
Movement is increasing with most of this crop going for fresh use. Slightly
more than 40 percent of the Honeys has been picked. Temple fruit size is
better than average with 30 percent of this crop harvested.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1992 10 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruits Footnotes
1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with
year harvest is completed.
2/ Net Ibs. per box: oranges-CA & AZ-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-CA Desert &
AZ-64, CA Other-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos and Temples-90;
tangerines-CA and AZ-75, FL-95.

3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in CA and AZ. Early and mid-season
varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX.

4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

5/ Due to the severe freeze of December 1989, TX had no commercial production
for the 1990-91 season.

&/ The first forecast for CA grapefruit "Other Areas" will be as of April 1.
1/ TX production forecast at 425 tons for 1991-92.

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, Hawaii, by Month, 1991-92

Harvested

1991 : 1992

---- Acres ~- 1,000 Pounds --
Dec : 4,010 5,610
Jan : 3,315 3,955 4,665 5,135
Feb : 3,195 3,365
Mar 3,330 3,155
Apr 3,435 3,890
May 3,310 3,350
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1992 7 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruit: Production, by State and United States, 1990-92 1/

Production : Production
Boxes : Ton Equivalent

;000 Boxes

Oranges, Early Mid
3/

& Nave
AZ 4 : 390 550 720 14 20 27
CA : 44,300 15,800 32,000 1,661 §93 1,200
FL : 68,100 87,500 83,000 3,064 3,937 3,735
1X 5/ : 1,050 20 44 1
US : 113,840 103,850 115,740 4,783 4,550 4,963
Oranges Valencia
AZ 4 1,220 1,200 1,400 45 45 53
cA 27,100 9,800 28,000 1,016 368 1,050
FL 42,100 64,000 56,000 1,894 2,880 2,520
TX 5/ 2/ 155 10 7
US 70,575 75,000 85,410 2,962 3,293 3,623
All Oranges
AZ 4/ 1,610 1,750 2,120 59 65 80
CA 71,400 25,600 60,000 2,677 961 2,250
FL 110,200 151,500 139,000 4,958 6,817 6,255
1X 5/ : 30 51 1
US : 184,415 178,850 201,150 7,745 7,843 8,586
Temples :
1,400 2,500 2,600 63 113 117
Grapefruit, White
Seedless
FL 18,000 21,700 20,000 765 922 850
Grapefruit, Colored
Seedless
16,300 21,800 20,500 693 926 871
Other Grapefruit
FL 1,400 1,600 1,500 60 68 64
All Grapefruit
AZ 4/ 2,200 2,400 2,300 70 77 74
CA 4/ &/ :
Desert : 3,500 3,500 3,500 112 112 112
Other Areas : 5,900 4,500 198 150
Total : 9,400 8,000 310 262
FL > 35,700 45,100 42,000 1,518 1,916 1,785
TM S/ 2,000 65 80
US 49,300 55,500 1,978 2,255
Tanger ines
Z 4/ : 600 600 850 22 23 32
CA 4/ : 1,650 1,300 1,500 62 49 56
FL : 1,700 1,950 2,430 80 92 115
US 3,950 3,850 4,780 164 164 203
Lemons 4/
AZ : 2,800 4,100 4,600 106 156 175
CA : 15,800 14,900 13,500 600 566 513
US : 18,600 19,000 18,100 706 722 688
Tangelos
L 2,950 2,650 2,700 132 119 122

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1992 6 NASS, USDA


Oranges: U.S. all orange production is forecast at 8.59 million tons for
February 1, up 2 percent from the January 1 forecast and 9 percent
greater than the 1990-91 season's crop. Florida's all orange crop is estimated
at 139 million boxes, 2 percent above last month's forecast but 8 percent below
last season. Production prospects for early and mid-season oranges in Florida
are 83.0 million boxes, 4 percent or 3 million boxes above last month but
5 percent below the 1990-91 production. The Florida Valencia crop is forecast
at 56.0 million boxes, unchanged from a month ago but down 12 percent from the
1990-91 season. Harvest of Florida early and mid-season varieties is
93 percent complete, while the Valencia crop harvest is just beginning.
Throughout the season, fruit quality has remained good.

The California all orange forecast, at 60.0 million boxes, is unchanged from
January 1 and is 134 percent higher than last year's freeze damaged crop. The
Navel orange forecast is 32.0 million boxes, unchanged from last month and
103 percent more than the 1990-91 harvest. As of February 1, 32 percent of
California's Navel crop had been harvested. The California Valencia orange
crop forecast, at 28.0 million boxes, is unchanged from a month ago but

186 percent above last season's crop. Harvest has not begun. The California
orange sizes are smaller than normal but with good quality reported. The all
orange forecast for Arizona, which was carried forward from last month, is
expected to total 2.12 million boxes, up 21 percent from last season's
production. The Texas crop is expected to total 30,000 boxes. Texas had no
commercial production last season due to the December 1989 freeze.

Changes in U.S. production between the February I forecast and final production
averaged 8.74 million boxes over the past ten seasons, ranging from a low of
730,000 boxes in 1982-83 to a high of 17.1 million boxes in 1981-82.

Florida Concentrated Juice Yield: The 1991-92 forecast of all Frozen

Concentrated Orange Juice Yield (FCOJ) for
Florida is 1.51 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The forecast projects
the final yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The
final 1990-91 yield for all fruit used in FCOJ was 1.45 gallons per box at
42.0 degrees Brix.

Temples: The Florida forecast, at 2.60 million boxes, is unchanged from
January 1 but up 4 percent from last year. Harvest, as of
February 1, was about 30 percent complete with good fruit size reported.

Grapefruit: Prospects as of February 1 for the 1991-92 season indicate a crop

of 1.97 million tons, down slightly from the January 1 forecast
and 6 percent below last season's production. This forecast includes
California's "Desert" grapefruit but excludes California's "Other Areas"
grapefruit. The grapefruit crop from California's "Other Areas" accounted for
150,000 tons (4.50 million boxes) last season. The first forecast for that
area will be as of April 1, 1992.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1992 9 NASS, USDA



Crop Agricultural
. Statistics
Production Service
United States
Department of
Agriculture

Washington, D.C.

Released February 11, 1992, by the Agricultural Statistics Board. Forecasts
refer to February 1, 1992.

Oranges Up 2 Percent

Citrus production is forecast at 11.7 million tons, a 1 percent increase from
January 1 and 6 percent above the 1990-91 season. This month's increase is due
to a 4 percent increase in the Florida early and mid-season orange crop.
Overall, citrus quality is good this season.

Orange production is forecast at 8.59 million tons, up 2 percent from January 1
and up 9 percent from last season. This month's change is due to an increase
in the Florida early and mid-season orange crop. The increase from last year
is primarily due to more production in California following last year's reduced
crop caused by the December 1990 freeze.

Grapefruit production including California's Desert grapefruit but excluding
California's "Other Areas" crop, is 1.97 million tons, virtually unchanged from
the January 1 forecast but 6 percent less than last season. The decrease from
last year is mainly due to reduced production in Florida.

Winter Potato production is forecast at 2.72 million cwt, down 5 percent from a
Month ago but up 4 percent from last year and 16 percent above 1990. Early
harvest started in California the first part of December. Light tuber sets
have now pushed yields lower than a month ago. South Florida harvest began in
mid-January and is gaining momentum. Quality and tuber size are good as a
result of favorable weather during the growing season.

Index and report features are located at the end of this report. For
information call (202) 720-2127. Office hours are 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET.

Cr Pr 2-2 (2-92)


Citrus Fruits
Crop Summary
Papayas
Potatoes, Winter

Sugarcane

Crop Production
February 1992

Index

Page
Table Narrative
6 9
2
7 11
5 ll
5 11

Agricultural Statistics Board

12

NASS, USDA


Texas Citrus: Groves remained wet during January and, as a result, little
activity occurred. Grapefruit and early orange harvest are virtually complete.
Valencia harvest was slowed by wet conditions. Rainfall during the month
benefited both new and older trees.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 5.14 million pounds
for January, 8 percent lower than the revised December output, but
10 percent higher than January 1991.

Weather conditions were mixed during January. A mid-month storm caused some
light tree losses and an increased flower drop in exposed areas. Seasonally
cool temperatures slowed fruit ripening during the month.

Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,955 acres in January, 1 percent
lower than the revised December total, but 19 percent higher than a year ago.
Harvested area of 2,120 acres was virtually unchanged from last month, but

2 percent lower than last January.

Sugarcane: The 1991 production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast
at 30.3 million tons. This is unchanged from the last forecast

published in the "Crop Production Summary” released in mid-January, but

8 percent above the 1990 output. The Florida forecast was evaluated and

resulted in no change in production. The forecasts for Hawaii, Louisiana, and

Texas were carried forward from earlier forecast.

Winter Potatoes: Production of winter potatoes is forecast at 2.72 million

cwt, down 5 percent from the January 1 forecast, but a gain
of 4 percent from last year and 16 percent above two years ago. Area for
harvest, estimated at 13,100 acres is up 7 percent from last year. The average
yield is forecast at 208 cwt per acre, down 11 cwt from a month ago and 6 cwt
below last year.

California harvest started in early December, but tuber sets were lighter than
expected. No major weather or disease factors were reported. The California
yield projection is down from a month ago. Florida harvest started in mid-
January in the south and is gaining momentum. Good weather has produced a crop
of good quality and size.

California Fruits and Nuts: Fog covered the inland valleys during most of the

month of January. Throughout the State, winter
cultural practices included dormant spraying, pruning, weed control,
fumigating, and replanting of orchards. The harvest of Deglet Noor dates
progressed in Riverside county. The Navel orange harvest gained momentum
during January, with approximately one-third of the crop picked by the end of
the month. Sizes were small, but quality was good. Valencia oranges were
maturing well, but sizes remain smal]. Picking in the desert should begin in
the next few weeks. Harvest was ongoing for lemons, grapefruit, tangerines,
tangelos, tangors, and avocados.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1992 ll. NASS, USDA


January Weather Summary: January's weather was highlighted by excessive

rainfall in the Gulf Coast States and incredible
warmth in the North Central States. Elsewhere, California's rainy season
sputtered after the 7th, and the Plains’ snow cover was scarce due to warmth
and lack of storminess.

Five stormy periods plagued the area from Texas to the Georgia-Florida border
(January 7-8, 11-13, 17-19, 21-23, and 25-29). Rainfall was far more welcome
in northern Florida, where rainfall had been below normal since October 1, than
in eastern Texas, which had endured record December rainfall and flooding.
Farther west and north, most of the precipitation surpluses were achieved early
in the month. Rainfall effectively ceased in the Southwest after the 7th, and
one of the month's few major snowstorms trekked from the Great Basin to the
Great Lakes between the 6th and the 9th. Monthly precipitation was much below
normal in the Northwest except west of the Washington Cascades, where heavy
rain fell toward month's end. The dryness extended as far south as northern
California, which faces a potential sixth consecutive year of drought.

Preliminary data indicate that California's statewide precipitation since
October 1, 1991, is about 60 percent of normal, compared with 25 percent of
normal at this time last year. However, snowpack in the Sierra Nevada
Mountains, headwaters for many major reservoirs, is only 45 percent of normal
(last year: 20 percent of normal on February 1). The State's reservoirs hold
55 percent of their normal water volume, which is 5 percent higher than on
February 1, 1991. The improvement is primarily due to heavy precipitation
during March 1991.

Monthly temperature departures were greater than 10 degrees F above normal from
Kansas northward through Montana, the Dakotas, and Minnesota. As a result, the
Plains remained devoid of snow cover for most of the month. Though the 1992
winter wheat crop was vulnerable to winter kill, no severe cold materialized.
The stagnant, high-pressure system that fueled the northern Plains’ warmth also
allowed cold air to drain into interior Western valleys. In many basins,
including California's agricultural San Joaquin and Sacramento Valleys,
persistent fog formed, reducing solar heating. The only other significant area
of cooler-than-normal weather was along the Gulf coast, where cloud cover and
wet ground suppressed daytime temperatures.

Small Grains: Winter grain seeding was active in Arizona and California during

the first part of January, and was completed in Arizona later in
the month. Across much of the country, snow cover was considered inadequate
for the protection of overwintering small grains, but unusually mild
temperatures during January spared the crops from significant freeze damage.
Periodic rains boosted crop -prospects along both coasts and in the central and
southern Great Plains, while excess moisture caused some yellowing of wheat
fields in rain-soaked Texas. Broadleaf weed control was ongoing in California,
and early topdressing of small grains was underway in the Southeast. Winter
wheat condition was reported as fair to good across most of the Nation. Grain
marketings from North Dakota were slowed by rail car shortages during the
second half of the month.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1992 8 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1990-91
(Domestic Units)

Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed

Crop Summary : Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1989-91
(Domestic Units)

Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1990-91
(Metric Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

CHOP Sitter nnnnn nnn nn nnnnnnnnn nn nnnnnnen nner n aren snaan
1990 1991 1990 1991
Hectares
Sugarcane for 3
Sugar and Seed : 321,400 363,650

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1989-91
(Metric Units)

Yield per Hectare Production

Crop at ete
1989 1990 1991
Metric Tons
Sugarcane for :
Sugar and Seed > 79.42 75.48 26,694,820 25,524,550 27,448,690
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1992 4 NASS, USDA




Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1991 and Forecasted February 1, 1992
(Metric Units)

Area Planted

Area Harvested

Potatoes
Winter

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States,
1991 and Forecasted February 1, 1992
(Metric Units)

Yield per Hectare: Production
CROP ttre ten ret ee eee a meee
Jan l, : Feb 1,
1991 1992 1991 1992: 1992
Metric Tons
Potatoes :

Winter : 23.96 24.58 118,340 130,270 123,470
: 1990-91 1991-92 1991-92
Oranges 1/ : 7,115,050 7,668,430 7,789,090

1/ Season begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1992 3 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1991 and Forecasted February 1, 1992
(Domestic Units)

Potatoes
Winter

Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States,
1991 and Forecasted February 1, 1992
(Domestic Units)

Jan il, : Febl,
1992 : 1992

1991: 1992

Potatoes

Winter cwt : 214 208 2,609 2,872 2,722
: 1990-91 1991-92 1991-92
Oranges 1/ Ton : 7,843 8,453 8,586

1/ Season begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.

This report was approved on February 11, 1992, by the Acting Secretary of
Agriculture and the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural
Statistics Board.

Git Of Simm boih Mo~

Acting Secretary of “Agricultural Statistics Board
Agriculture Chairperson
Daniel A. Sumner Rich Allen
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1992 2 NASS, USDA


Report Features

In this issue, a new table is included providing the latest forecast of
Sugarcane for sugar and seed area harvested, yield, and production for 1991

with comparisons for 1989 and 1990.

The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 3:00 p.m. ET on

March 11, 1992.

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the

National

Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.

John D. Witzig, Chief (202) 720-2127
Field Crops Section
Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843
Martin Owens, Rice, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-2157
Vaughn Siegenthaler, Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202) 720-8068
Charles Van Lahr, Barley, Corn, Oats, Pasture Condition (202) 720-7369
Herb Vanderberry, Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-9526
Bill Dowdy, Sugar, Tobacco, Hay (202) 720-3843
Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section
Steve Ropel, Head (202) 720-3843
Jim Brewster, Fruits, Fresh Vegetables (202) 720-7688
Arvin Budge, Potatoes, Dry Beans, Processing Vegetables (202) 720-4285
Kirby Cavett, Peanuts (202) 720-3180
Kevin Hintzman, Fruits, Citrus, Nuts (202) 720-5412
Roger Latham, Cotton (202) 720-5944
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1992 13

NASS, USDA