Special Features

The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 3:00 p.m. ET on
March 10, 1993.

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the

National

Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.

John D. Witzig, Chief (202)

Field Crops Section

Bill Dowdy, Head (202)
Herb Eldrige - Sugar, Tobacco, Hay (202)
Dan Kerestes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds, Rice (202)
Dave Mueller - Weekly Crop Weather (202)
Vaughn Siegenthaler - Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202)

Charles Van Lahr - Barley, Corn, Oats, Pasture Condition (202)

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Steve Ropel, Head (202)
Jim Brewster - Fruits, Fresh Vegetables (202)
Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Dry Beans, Onions (202)
Kirby Cavett - Peanuts (202)
Kevin Hintzman - Fruits, Citrus, Nuts (202)
Roger Latham - Cotton (202)
Dave Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202)

Crop Production Agricultural Statis
February 1993 14 :

720-2127

720-3843
720-7621
720-9526
720-2157
720-8068
720-7369

720-3843
720-7688
720-4285
720-8843
720-5412
720-5944
720-3843

tics Board
NASS, USDA


Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by Use, State, and United States, 1990-92

Use Area Harvested Production 1/
and 00 t-=-~-----+---+-------
State 1991

-- 1,000 Acres -

For Sugar :
FL > 428.0 434.0 34.9 33.5 14,874 14,937 14,539
HI 2/: = 67.4 64.0 86.9 91.0 6,538 5,857 5,824
LA 2/ : 321.0 345.0 22.1 22.5 4,150 7,090 7,763
TX 2/. : 33.2 37.4 32.4 35.0 913 1,076 1,309
US : 849.6 880.4 34.1 33.4 26,475 28,960 29,435
For Seed :
FL : 15.0 16.0 34.9 33.5 533 524 536
HI 2/) : 6.6 6.5 30.9 26.0 185 204 169
LA 2/ : 24,0 30.0 22.1 22.5 906 530 675
TX 2/  : 1.7 1.6 20.0 23.0 37 34 37
US : 47.3 $4.1 27.3 26.2 1,661 1,292 1,417
For Sugar :
and Seed :
FL : 443.0 450.0 34.9 33.5 15,407 15,461 15,075
HI 2/. : 74.0 70.5 81.9 85.0 6,723 6,061 5,993
LA 2/  : 345.0 375.0 22.1 22.5 5,056 7,620 8,438
TX 2/ : 34.9 39.0 31.8 34.5 950 1,110 1,346
US : 896.9 934.5 33.7 33.0 28,136 30,252 30,852
1/ Net tons.

2/ Current estimate carried forward from earlier forecast.

Winter Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State
and United States, 1991-92 and Forecasted February 1, 1993

Area Harvested Production

1,000 Acres 1,000 Cwt
cA > 5.3 5.6 260

1,378 1,260
FL : 8.1 7.4 200

1,620 1,332

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 5 NASS, USDA


1991. Area for harvest, at 13,000 acres, is down 3 percent. The average yield
forecast is 199 cwt per acre, down 12 cwt from a month ago and 25 cwt below
last year.

In California, harvest is well along in the Riverside and Imperial Valley areas
with some growers finished. Progress in Kern County was slowed during January
by steady rains and wet fields. Florida harvest is underway with fair quality
and tuber size. Heavy rain in January drowned some acreage and reduced
yields.

Oranges: The February 1 forecast of U.S. orange production is 11.3 million
tons, unchanged from last month but up 27 percent from last season.

The forecast for all Florida oranges is 188 million boxes, unchanged from
January 1 but up 34 percent from last season. Production of early and mid-
season varieties is forecast at 116 million boxes, also unchanged from last
month but up 39 percent from last year. Harvest is approximately 66 percent
complete. Over 7 million boxes of fruit were harvested per week during
danuary. Florida Valéncia production is expected to total 72.0 million boxes,
unchanged from Tast month but 28 percent more than last season's crop. Fruit
set is heavy this year but sizes of all oranges are smaller than normal.

California's 1992-93 all orange forecast is 73.0 million boxes, unchanged from
last month but 8 percent more than last year. The Navel crop in California is
expected to total a record high 47.0 million boxes, also unchanged from
January 1 but 34 percent more than last season. Cold night temperatures during
January resulted in some fruit droppage. Fruit set is heavy but continues to
size well. California's Valencia forecast is 26.0 million boxes, unchanged
from January 1 but down 19 percent from last season's large crop. The crop is
maturing well but fruit set is lighter than a year ago.

The Arizona all orange crop is expected to total 2.15 million boxes, down

10 percent from last season. The Arizona forecast was carried forward from
January 1. The 1992-93 Texas all orange forecast is 450,000 boxes, unchanged
from last month. Last season's production was only 30,000 boxes as trees
recovered from the December 1989 freeze.

The February 1 U.S. all orange production forecast has deviated from the final
production by an average of 333,000 tons over the past 10 seasons, ranging from
a low of 31,000 tons in 1982-83 to a high of 653,000 tons in 1989-90.

Florida Frozen Concentrated Juice Yield: All orange FCOJ projected yield has
been increased to 1.55 gallons per

box at 42.0 degrees Brix concentrate. The projected yield for early and mid-

season varieties has also been increased to 1.50 gallons per box. The 1991-92

season's final yield was 1.47 gallons per box. The Valencia yield of

1.64 gallons per box is also up this month. Last season's fina) yield for

Valencias was a record high 1.70 gallons per box.

Temples: The February 1 forecast for the 1992-93 Florida Temple crop is

2.70 million boxes, unchanged from January 1 but 15 percent more than
last season. Harvest is approximately 25 percent complete with good quality
fruit reported.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 10 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruit Footnotes
The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with
year harvest is completed.
Net )bs. per box: oranges-CA & AZ-75, FL-90, TX~85; grapefruit-CA Desert
& AZ-64, CA Other-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus
& Temples-90; tangerines-CA and AZ-75, FL-95.

Navel and miscellaneous varieties in CA and AZ. Early and mid-season
varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX.

Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

Due to the severe freeze of Dec 1989, TX had no commercial production
for the 1990-91 season.

TX estimated at 425 tons for 1991-92.

The first forecast for CA grapefruit "Other Areas" will be as of April 1.

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, Hawaii,
by Month, 1992 and Forecasted February 1, 1993

-- 1,000 Pounds --

Dec 3,645 2,770 5,070

Jan 3,955 3,605 2,025 2,725 5,055 5,130
Feb 3,855 2,150 4,785

Mar 3,945 2,160 4,010

Apr 3,875 2,190 3,960

May 3,795 2,190 4,445

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1993 7 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruit:

1993 1/

Utilized Production by Crop, State and United States,
1990-91 and Forecasted February 1,

Utilized Production
Ton Equivalent

Utilized Production

Boxes

: 1990-91:

1991-92: 1992- 93

Oranges
Early Mid &
mar

1X 5/

Grapefruit
White Seedless

FL
Colored Seedless

Other Areas
Total
FL
TX 5/
US
Tanger'ines

Lemons 4/
AZ
CA
US
Tangelos
FL

K-Early Citrus
FL

550
15,800
87,500

103,850
1,200
9;800
64; 100
75,100
1,750
25,600
151,600

178,950

2,500

21,700
21,800
1,600

780
35,100
83, 400

20
119,300
1,600
32; 200
56, 400
90, 210
2,380
67,300
139;800
30
209,510
2,350

19,100
22,100
1,200
2,800
3,500
6,500
10,000
42,400
65
55,265
1,200
2,400
2,600
6,200
5,100
15,100
20,200

2,600

850

164,250
1,300
26,000
72,000
50
99,350
2,150
73,000
188} 000
450
263,600

2,700

25,000
27,000
2,000
2,400
3,500

54,000
17300

900
2,700
2,700
6,300

5,200
18,000
23,200

3,000

2,885
3,298
65
961
6,822
7,848

113

922
927
68

77
112
150
262
1,917
2,256
23

51

92
166
156
563
719

119

29
1,317
33753

1
5,100

60
1,208
23538
3,806

ag
2,525
6,291

1
8,906

106

812
940
51
89
112

1,063
1,148
85
77
112

2,296
52

Crop Production
February 1993

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


January rainfall records, including San Diego, CA (second wettest month ever),
and Tucson, AZ.

The relative quietude of the month's final 10 days was welcomed not only in
California, but throughout the Nation as well. In the Nation's southeastern
quadrant, mild, dry weather allowed fieldwork to resume after 3 stormy weeks.
Warmer weather in the northern Plains eased stress on livestock, but also
melted much of the winter wheat crop's protective snow cover from Montana
southeastward to Colorado and Kansas.

In contrast, Alaskan weather turned sharply colder after mid-month. In Nome,
AK, the temperature failed to rise above -10 degrees F after the 19th, and
their -46 degrees F reading on January 30 was their coldest since

January 28, 1989.

Crop Progress: At the beginning of January, the winter wheat crop was in
generally good condition in most areas except in Texas. Early
in the month, precipitation across the nation brought ample snow cover to the
Northwest and Northern Great Plains and excessive moisture to the South. The
wet conditions in the South hurt stands and caused yellowing of grain fields.
Although excessive moisture helped control a greenbug and mite outbreak in
Texas, their crop condition still compared unfavorably to last year. Warmer
temperatures and sunny weather were needed at the end of the month to dry out
fields in the South. Mild weather over the Northwest and Northern Great Plains
the second part of the month melted some of that area's snow cover, but at the
end of the month, the winter wheat was under generally adequate cover.
Nationally, the condition of the winter wheat crop was rated fair to good.

In early January, the citrus harvest advanced in Florida and California. Rain
in the West most of the month hindered or delayed harvests in California and
Arizona. Mid-month rains delayed harvests in Florida. By the end of the
month, citrus groves were drying out and harvests were advancing in all major
areas.

Rain and snow hindered the harvests of cotton, corn, and soybeans the first
half of the month. The mild weather the end of the period allowed the corn
harvest to advance in the Midwest, the soybean harvest to finish in the
Southeast, and the cotton harvest to be completed in Texas and the Southeast.

Sugarcane: The 1992 production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at

a record high 30.9 million tons. This is unchanged from the last
forecast published in the "Crop Production 1992 Summary” released in mid-
January, and represents a 2 percent increase from last year's output. The
Florida forecast was evaluated and resulted in no change in production. The
forecasts for Hawaii, Louisiana, and Texas were carried forward from an earlier
orecast.

Winter Potatoes: Production of winter potatoes is forecast at
2.59 million cwt, down 7 percent from the January 1 forecast.
The expected 1993 output is dawn 14 percent from last year and 1 percent below

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 3 NASS, USDA


Crop Se

Production Service

United States
Department of
Agriculture

Washington, D.C.

Released on February 10, 1993, by the Agricultural Statistics Board. Forecasts
refer to February 1, 1993.

Orange Production Up 27 Percent

Orange production is forecast at 11.3 million tons, unchanged from January 1
but 27 percent more than last season's crop. A significant increase in the
size of the Florida orange crop is the primary reason for the rise.

Grapefruit production, including California Desert grapefruit but excluding the
California "Other Areas" crop, is 2.54 million tons, up slightly from the
January 1 forecast and 26 percent more than last season. The increase over
last season is primarily due to a much larger grapefruit crop in Florida.

Winter potato production is forecast at 2.59 million cwt, down 7 percent from a
month ago and 14 percent below last year. Early harvest started in California
the first part of December. Steady rains during January left fields wet and
delayed harvest. Heavy rains in south Florida drowned some potato fields and
reduced yields. Harvest is underway with fair quality and size.

Index and report features are located at the end of this report. For
information cal] (202) 720-2127. Office hours are 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET.

Cr Pr 2-2 (2-93)


end of the month as near perfect weather conditions prevailed throughout most
of the harvest period. Harvest of tangelos in all areas was about 90 percent
complete at the end of the month. Harvest of Temples and Honey tangerines
increased with adequate supply of quality fruit remaining. Caretakers were
busy cutting cover crops, unbanking, and unwrapping young trees in the warmer
locations. Growers on the east coast were busy pumping water out of wet
groves.

Texas Citrus: Harvest slowed during January due to low prices and intermittent

light rain. Grapefruit quality and color has held up well.
Orange quality deteriorated following harvest. Normal activities occurred in
the groves despite scattered wet conditions.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 5.13 million pounds

for January, 1 percent higher than both last month and January 1992.
Strong winds and heavy rains at the beginning of the month caused heavy losses
to some acreages but overall damage to the industry was light. Cool January
temperatures slowed crop development.

Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,605 acres, 1 percent lower than
December and 9 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 2,725
acres, was 2 percent lower than the previous month but 35 percent more than
Jast January.

California Fruits and Nuts: Pruning, tying vines, weed control, dormant .
spraying, grafting, and other common winter
cultural practices continued in orchards and vineyards throughout the State.
Rain slowed field activities during the month. Navel oranges continued to be
picked despite delays from fog and rain. Desert grapefruit, lemons, and
tangelos were harvested. Avocado harvest continued. Date harvest was
completed. Almond pruning was completed with early bud swell in most orchards
near the end of the month. Peach bud break was reported in some orchards.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 12 NASS, USDA



Grapefruit: The 1992-93 U.S. grapefruit crop (excluding California Other

Areas) is forecast at 2.54 million tons, up slightly from last
month and 26 percent over last year. The 1991-92 California "Other Areas"
grapefruit crop totaled 217,000 tons (6.50 million boxes). The first forecast
for that type of grapefruit will be made as of April 1, 1993. The February 1
forecast for all grapefruit in Florida remains at 54.0 million boxes, unchanged
from January 1 but 27 percent more than last year. Harvest is over 31 percent
complete as of February 1.

The Florida white seedless grapefruit forecast is 25.0 million boxes, unchanged
from January 1 but up 31 percent from last season. The colored seedless
forecast is 27.0 million boxes, unchanged from the previous forecast but

22 percent more than the 1991-92 crop. The seedy grapefruit crop is expected
to reach 2.00 million boxes, a 67 percent increase over last season. Movement
of white and colored grapefruit averaged almost 1.50 million boxes per week
during January. Harvest of seedless grapefruit is approximately 32 percent
complete.

The California Desert and Arizona forecasts of 3.50 million boxes and
2.40 million boxes, respectively, were carried forward from January 1.

The Texas grapefruit forecast has been increased 18 percent from last month to
1.30 million boxes. The Texas citrus industry continues to recover from
devastating freezes during the 1980's. Fruit sizes are smaller than normal but

fruit set is heavy. Harvest slowed during January due to low prices and rainy
weather.

Tangerines: The 1992-93 U.S. tangerine crop forecast is 263,000 tons,
unchanged from January 1 but up 2 percent from last season.

The Florida tangerine forecast is 2.70 million boxes, unchanged from the
previous month but up 4 percent from last season's crop. The early and Dancy
tangerine harvest is virtually complete. The Honey tangerine harvest is

36 percent complete, while the all tangerine harvest is 70 percent finished.
The California and Arizona forecasts of 2.70 million boxes and 900,000 boxes,
respectively, were carried forward from January 1.

Tangelos: The 1992-93 Florida tangelo crop is forecast at 3.00 million boxes,
unchanged from January 1 but 15 percent more than last season.
Harvest is approximately 91 percent complete.

Florida Citrus: Groves, trees, and fruit in all areas of the citrus belt were
in good to excellent condition. Moisture was adequate with
the lower east coast receiving more rain than other areas. Warm temperatures
in early January produced new growth and swelling bloom buds but cooler weather
by the end of the month slowed growth and development. Harvest of early and
midseason oranges was active during January. The weekly harvest for early and
midseason oranges was more than 7 million boxes per week. Movement of white
and colored grapefruit averaged almost 1.50 million boxes a week during
January. A little more than 68 percent of the seedless varieties remain to be
picked. The early and Dancy tangerine harvests were virtually complete by the

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 ll NASS, USDA


January Weather and Crop Summary: A rampage of storms guaranteed California's

Sierra Nevada mountains of above-normal
snowpack and runoff for the upcoming snowmelt season, but major flooding
affected parts of southern California and Arizona. Several western stations
realized seasonal record snowfall] totals, in part due to the January storms.
Farther east, cool weather and a combination of rain, ice, and snow hampered
residual fieldwork activities in the central and southern Plains and the
Midwest. Rainy weather plagued the Southeast. But in parts of the Northwest,
precipitation was less than half of normal despite above-normal snowfall,
renewing drought concerns. Less than half of the normal rainfall covered the
Hawaiian islands, but this month's conditions were preceded by very wet weather
in December.

Frigid air hung over the northwestern quarter of the Nation until mid-month,
but ample snow cover protected winter wheat from readings as low as

-25 degrees F in Montana and -5 degrees F in eastern Washington. Cold air
never escaped the West's interior valleys, resulting in monthly temperatures
averaging as much as 13 degrees F below normal in eastern Oregon. Farther
south, a strong sub-tropical) jet stream limited cold air intrusions.
Temperatures averaged up to 6 degrees F above normal in parts of the Southwest
and the Southeast.

Heavy precipitation washed across California on January 1 and 6-10 and on
almost a daily basis between January 12 and 21. Statewide monthly average
precipitation was nearly 9.5 inches, which was about 200 percent of normal.
Only northwestern coastal portions of the State received below-normal amounts.
Serious flooding affected southern California and Arizona, as well as
neighboring portions of northwestern Mexico. Problems ranged from widespread
flash flooding (as normally dry washes overflowed) to river flooding and
mudslides. A warm, dry spell during the last 10 days of the month permitted
the Southwest to dry, and allowed for considerable snowmelt in the Sierra
foothilis. Fortunately, much of the melting snow was captured by the State's
reservoir system.

By February 1, California's 155 largest reservoirs contained 18.0 million acre
feet (5.87 trillion gallons) of water, which is 77 percent of the long-term
average. Last year, on February 1, 1992, reservoir storage stood at only
13.0 million acre feet (4.24 trillion gallons), or 55 percent of normal. In
addition, the moisture content of the high elevation Sierra snowpack, based
upon the observations of more than 100 automated sensors, was 175 percent of
normal on February 1, promising additional hefty spring runoff. Even if no
snow falls in the Sierras between now and April 1 (the traditional peak
snowpack date), the water content of the snow would wind up at approximately
115 percent of normal.

Elsewhere, several stations, including Fairbanks, AK, and Klamath Falls, OR,
surpassed seasonal snowfall records during January. This season's total of
78.0 inches of snow at Klamath Falls is 10 times the amount (7.8 inches) that
fell during 1991-92. Salt Lake City, UT, had its snowiest month ever. But in
the East, most of the precipitation fell as rain. Beckley, WV, had its least
snowy January on record, noting only 0.4 inches. Hollywood, FL, had more than
its share of rain early in the month, setting a monthly rainfall record by
January 11. A monthly rainfall record was also set in Miami Beach, where
nearly 10 inches fell. Many Tocations in Arizona and southern California set

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 8 NASS, USDA



Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1991-92
(Domestic Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested
C00) +
1991 1992 1991 1992
1,000 Acres
Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed 896.9 934.5

Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States, 1990-92
(Domestic Units)

Yield per Acre Production

1991 : 1992 : 1990: 1991 : 1992

--- 1,000 Tons ---
Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed 33.7 33.0 28,136 30,252 30,852

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1991-92
(Metric Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

Crop Prete n corr r ene nner ncn ncn nn nnn nnn nen nnnnn ann ecn nanan
199] 1992 1991 1992
ee Hectares — ~~
Sugarcane for :
Sugar and Seed : 362,970 378,180

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States, 1990-92
(Metric Units)

Crop fener nn nne ener nee ronan ncn nrc nero on rer cnn noweennncccen
1991 1992 1990 1992
Metric Tons
Sugarcane for :
Sugar and Seed : 75.61 74.01 25,524,550 27,444,150 27,988,460
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 4 NASS, USDA



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Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1992 and Forecasted February 1, 1993
(Metric Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

Crop

Potatoes :
Winter : 5,420 5,380 5,420 5,260

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States,
1992 and Forecasted February 1, 1993
(Metric Units)

Yield per Hectar Production
Crop few nee n nena enna nnn nnn nnn nnn nee nena
: Jan 1, Feb 1,
1992 : 1993 1992 1993 1993
Metric Tons
Potatoes :

Winter : 25.09 22.35 135,990 126,100 117,570
: 1991-92 1992-93 1992-93
Oranges 1/ : 8,079,390 10,249,370 10,249,370

1/ Season begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
February 1993 3 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1992 and Forecasted February 1, 1993
(Domestic Units)

Potatoes
Winter

Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States,
1992 and Forecasted February 1, 1993
(Domestic Units)

dani, : Feb 1,

Potatoes :
Winter Cwt : 224 199 2, 998 2,780 2,592
: 1991-92 1992-93 1992-93
Oranges 1/ Ton : 8, 906 11,298 11,298

1/ Season begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.

This report was approved on February 10, 1993, by the Secretary of Agriculture
and the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural Statistics

Board.
¢ ik AL
Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board
Agriculture Chairperson
Mike Espy Rich Allen
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1993 2 NASS, USDA



Index

Page

Table Narrative

CHELUS FLUTES 0... cece eee cece teen c ener ett ee eres tenes 6 10
Crop SUMMALY 2.1... cece cece cece eee eee e eee e eee e eee nett eens 2

PapayaS .... ces ee ccc e cece etree eee ete e ence ences sent eneeneee 7 12
Potatoes, Winter 20... cece cece eee e eee e eee e eee e ree enaee 5 9

SST Foc: 5 9
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

February 1993 13 NASS, USDA