Cr Pr 2-2 (5-01)

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released May 10, 2001, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 

For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Winter Wheat Production Down 14 Percent

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.34 billion bushels, down 14 percent from 2000 to the lowest level

since 1978. All classes of winter wheat are down from the previous year. Based on May 1 conditions, the

U.S. yield is forecast at 41.8 bushels per acre, 2.8 bushels less than last year. Grain area totals 32.1 million

acres, down 8 percent from last season. 

The U.S. all orange May 1 forecast for the 2000-01 crop is 12.4 million tons, unchanged from the April 1

forecast and 5 percent below last season’s utilization of 13.0 million tons. Florida's all orange forecast is

224 million boxes (10.1 million tons), the same as last month but 4 percent lower than the 1999-2000 final

utilization. The early and midseason orange forecast remains unchanged from the previous forecast of

128 million boxes (5.76 million tons). This is 4 percent below last season. Harvest is complete. Florida’s

Valencia forecast, at 96.0 million boxes (4.32 million tons), is unchanged from April 1 but 3 percent lower

than last season’s final utilization. Fruit size and droppage continue to increase, but droppage remains very

low compared to the 10-year average. Some fruit is beginning to deteriorate from the dry weather conditions. 

Approximately half of the Valencia crop has been harvested to date. Other than last season, this is the lowest

percent harvest to date since the 1993-94 season. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts

are carried forward from the April forecasts.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield projection is unchanged from last month at

1.58 gallons per box of 42.0 degrees Brix. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.54 gallons per box as

reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The late type Valencia yield projection remains at

1.65 gallons per box.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 2 NASS, USDA

This report was approved on May 10, 2001.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Keith J. Collins

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Frederic A. Vogel
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Almonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Avocados . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Bananas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Citrus ................................................................................7

Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Cotton - Boll Counts and Harvesting Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Crop Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Guavas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Hay Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Peaches ...............................................................................8

Potatoes, Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Reliability of Production Data in this Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

Taro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Tobacco by Class and Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Tobacco by States .......................................................................9

Tobacco - Farm Marketings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 4 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001

State

Planted Harvested Yield Production

2001 2000 2001 2000 2001 2000 2001

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

MD

MI

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WY

Oth

 Sts 1

US

1,150

500

2,400

60

300

760

800

500

9,900

550

190

570

205

900

1,200

1,800

125

680

1,000

5,400

750

170

230

1,300

520

5,700

200

1,850

170

1,456

41,336

1,100

350

2,350

63

200

730

920

510

9,400

420

200

500

235

950

1,350

1,650

140

550

1,110

4,200

730

195

185

1,280

380

2,200

205

1,800

170

949

35,022

1,040

380

2,050

58

220

710

770

480

8,400

340

180

540

170

780

1,090

1,700

120

550

990

3,600

690

160

220

550

350

2,900

175

1,750

160

965

32,088

54.0

70.0

29.0

66.0

54.0

90.0

57.0

69.0

37.0

57.0

63.0

72.0

55.0

52.0

33.0

36.0

53.0

50.0

72.0

34.0

62.0

53.0

49.0

42.0

55.0

30.0

63.0

73.0

24.0

46.8

44.6

53.0

75.0

34.0

59.0

48.0

80.0

54.0

66.0

34.0

58.0

59.0

70.0

48.0

50.0

34.0

36.0

55.0

45.0

70.0

27.0

54.0

53.0

40.0

33.0

55.0

30.0

62.0

63.0

29.0

43.9

41.8

59,400

24,500

68,150

4,158

10,800

65,700

52,440

35,190

347,800

23,940

12,600

36,000

12,925

49,400

44,550

59,400

7,420

27,500

79,920

142,800

45,260

10,335

9,065

53,760

20,900

66,000

12,915

131,400

4,080

44,425

1,562,733

55,120

28,500

69,700

3,422

10,560

56,800

41,580

31,680

285,600

19,720

10,620

37,800

8,160

39,000

37,060

61,200

6,600

24,750

69,300

97,200

37,260

8,480

8,800

18,150

19,250

87,000

10,850

110,250

4,640

42,329

1,341,381

 1 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual State level estimates will be

published in the "Small Grains 2001 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 5 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2000 2001 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 2

US

85

97

470

2,900

20

3,572

80

81

95.0

100.0

28.0

27.0

28.5

30.7

91.0

100.0

7,275

8,925

9,450

72,000

1,672

99,322

8,075

9,700

13,160

78,300

570

109,805

7,280

8,100

 1 Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 29, 2001. Yield and production

will be published in "Crop Production" released July 11, 2001. 2 Other States include MN and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2001 Summary."

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1999-2000

and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1

Year

Winter Spring

Hard Total

Red

Soft

Red White Hard

Red White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

1999

2000

2001

1,050,747

843,664

718,100

454,261

470,866

409,964

191,572

248,203

213,317

447,908

498,485

55,200

52,417

99,322

109,805

2,299,010

2,223,440

 1 Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data. The previous end-of-season class percentages are used

throughout the forecast season. Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in "Crop Production"

released July 11, 2001.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 6 NASS, USDA

Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States,

December 1 and May 1, 1998-2001

State Dec 1 May 1

1998 1999 2000 1999 2000 2001

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

1,213

177

1,900

3,246

2,807

77

18

357

1,000

3,329

2,100

1,775

4,500

6,500

4,922

290

196

333

101

2,093

5,261

1,500

6,933

4,568

5,170

857

72

121

450

1,990

1,189

4,064

2,558

3,042

2,159

2,800

12

415

9,500

3,175

5,496

1,695

328

1,693

1,663

949

5,100

2,372

112,066

1,472

184

1,900

2,285

2,900

47

15

550

1,245

2,617

1,600

1,316

4,700

5,800

4,006

502

138

300

84

2,110

5,490

1,350

5,997

4,448

4,900

867

65

109

595

1,900

1,090

5,291

1,830

4,200

2,245

1,700

8

410

9,500

2,655

6,568

1,540

229

1,883

1,377

524

5,900

2,480

108,922

1,000

202

2,150

1,954

1,770

82

29

450

950

2,400

1,700

1,629

4,500

4,500

5,192

415

145

525

108

2,800

4,446

850

5,392

3,168

3,500

801

66

156

600

2,280

1,300

5,212

3,119

3,700

1,766

2,800

11

470

8,200

3,405

6,660

1,350

280

2,900

1,303

1,144

4,800

1,550

103,730

141

28

260

428

966

13

8

27

209

777

543

350

1,050

1,525

913

58

56

76

40

556

1,493

200

1,387

1,104

1,306

233

17

15

170

435

163

545

581

507

135

730

2

96

2,000

635

1,450

485

116

417

410

150

1,400

611

24,817

202

27

500

381

690

8

6

80

240

257

410

290

1,150

1,400

577

91

23

65

17

1,170

1,570

135

1,445

1,011

1,500

290

11

28

185

385

255

1,430

430

1,000

128

440

1

88

3,100

607

2,627

320

60

257

165

40

3,000

725

28,817

100

33

270

180

286

21

4

25

190

265

340

342

700

500

1,439

30

40

61

30

1,000

960

45

799

427

500

112

14

47

75

625

277

1,120

835

450

241

1,200

2

100

1,550

804

1,450

200

70

745

195

276

1,980

151

21,106
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 7 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

1998-1999, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless 5

 FL

 Colored Seedless

 FL

 Other 5

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 4 6

 CA 4 6

 FL

 US

Lemons 4

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

K-Early Citrus

 FL

550

21,000

112,000

1,250

134,800

600

15,000

74,000

180

89,780

1,150

36,000

186,000

1,430

224,580

1,800

17,800

28,700

550

750

7,300

47,050

6,100

61,200

950

1,500

4,950

7,400

3,450

16,200

19,650

2,550

80

600

40,000

134,000

1,540

176,140

500

24,000

99,000

200

123,700

1,100

64,000

233,000

1,740

299,840

1,950

20,900

31,900

600

450

7,000

53,400

5,930

66,780

850

2,300

7,000

10,150

3,100

19,600

22,700

2,200

110

450

34,000

128,000

2,000

164,450

550

23,000

96,000

210

119,760

1,000

57,000

224,000

2,210

284,210

1,250

20,000

29,000

650

7,200

49,000

6,700

63,550

650

2,600

5,600

8,850

3,200

22,000

25,200

2,100

40

21

787

5,040

53

5,901

22

563

3,330

8

3,923

43

1,350

8,370

61

9,824

81

757

1,220

23

25

244

2,000

244

2,513

36

56

235

327

131

616

747

115

4

22

1,500

6,030

66

7,618

19

900

4,455

8

5,382

41

2,400

10,485

74

13,000

88

888

1,356

25

15

235

2,269

237

2,756

32

86

333

451

118

745

863

99

5

17

1,275

5,760

85

7,137

21

863

4,320

9

5,213

38

2,138

10,080

94

12,350

56

850

1,233

22

241

2,083

268

2,614

24

98

266

388

122

836

958

95

2

 1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early

Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small

quantities of tangerines in TX. 4 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5 "Other" seedy grapefruit estimates discontinued after 1999-2000 crop. Included with white seedless beginning with the 2000-01

crop. 6 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 8 NASS, USDA

Spring Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2000 2001 2000 2001 1999 2000 2001

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AL 2

AZ

CA

FL

 Hastings

 Other FL

NC 3

TX

US

9.0

18.8

21.5

16.5

5.0

17.0

9.3

75.6

8.5

15.5

22.0

16.5

5.5

17.5

9.0

72.5

280

395

295

295

295

200

240

290

270

390

270

270

270

180

230

269

280

3,024

7,600

8,820

6,930

1,890

3,300

2,303

25,327

2,520

7,426

6,343

4,868

1,475

3,400

2,232

21,921

2,295

6,045

5,940

4,455

1,485

3,150

2,070

19,500

 1 U.S. planted area revised down 2,000 acres to 74,100 acres; Arizona revised down 500 acres to 8,500 acres; California revised

down 1,500 acres to 15,500 acres. 2 Alabama spring potatoes combined with summer in 2000. 3 North Carolina summer potatoes included with spring in 2000.

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California,

1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001

State

Total Production

1999 2000 2001

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

Freestone

Clingstone 1

Total

763.0

1,059.0

1,822.0

801.0

1,064.0

1,865.0

770.0

1,000.0

1,770.0

 1 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.

Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production,

California, 1999-2000 and Forecasted May 1, 2001

State

Utilized Production

1999 2000 2001

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CA 833,000 703,000 875,000
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 9 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value

by State and United States, 1999-2000 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CT

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

US

3,040

5,800

33,000

6,500

221,650

6,500

1,320

2,300

207,800

9,800

6,200

39,000

63,170

38,300

1,600

1,180

647,160

1,600

4,500

31,000

3,800

132,700

5,700

550

1,400

170,400

7,500

5,100

34,000

46,020

25,900

1,300

960

472,430

1,799

2,640

1,940

1,800

1,843

1,400

1,763

2,015

2,161

1,740

1,802

2,000

1,941

2,320

1,350

2,388

1,997

1,531

2,550

2,220

2,100

2,133

1,450

836

2,120

2,386

1,760

1,994

2,390

2,085

2,186

1,200

2,348

2,229

5,470

15,312

64,020

11,700

408,492

9,100

2,327

4,635

448,980

17,052

11,170

78,000

122,601

88,855

2,160

2,818

1,292,692

2,450

11,475

68,820

7,980

283,065

8,265

460

2,968

406,500

13,200

10,170

81,260

95,958

56,613

1,560

2,254

1,052,998

Price

per Pound

Value of

Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CT 2

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA 2

MO

NC

OH

PA 3

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

US

4.500

1.730

1.685

1.890

1.920

1.660

5.100

1.879

1.754

1.912

1.065

1.691

1.955

1.801

1.900

1.490

1.828

4.900

1.730

1.746

1.937

1.983

1.690

5.000

1.854

1.803

1.928

0.900

1.766

2.014

1.894

1.901

1.550

1.869

11,363

26,490

107,874

22,113

784,498

15,106

8,384

8,709

787,381

32,603

11,896

131,898

239,651

160,036

4,104

4,198

2,356,304

4,410

19,852

120,160

15,457

561,388

13,968

850

5,503

733,076

25,450

4,617

143,505

193,288

107,237

2,966

3,494

1,955,221

 1 2000 revised. 2 CT and MA type 61 price and value not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include

type 51 only. 3 PA type 41 price and value for 2000 not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include

type 32 only.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 10 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 1999 - 2000 1

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

55,000

26,000

81,000

119,000

26,000

39,000

65,000

5,800

33,000

38,800

303,800

1,600

3,750

7,000

10,750

3,500

570

4,070

16,420

6,500

210,000

2,300

7,800

9,800

55,000

10,600

1,600

303,600

6,500

3,000

9,500

313,100

40,000

17,500

57,500

102,000

21,000

34,000

55,000

4,500

31,000

35,500

250,000

1,300

4,100

7,700

11,800

3,800

640

4,440

17,540

3,800

120,000

1,400

7,400

7,500

37,000

7,000

1,300

185,400

5,700

2,700

8,400

193,800

2,400

2,420

2,406

2,100

2,100

2,000

2,040

2,640

1,940

2,045

2,162

1,670

2,350

2,280

2,304

2,630

2,500

2,612

2,319

1,800

1,810

2,015

1,600

1,740

1,890

2,180

1,350

1,829

1,400

1,750

1,511

1,819

2,500

2,440

2,482

2,405

2,350

2,390

2,375

2,550

2,220

2,262

2,396

1,960

3,150

2,760

2,896

3,400

3,125

3,360

2,944

2,100

2,025

2,120

1,600

1,760

1,920

1,600

1,200

1,957

1,450

1,900

1,595

1,941

132,000

62,920

194,920

249,900

54,600

78,000

132,600

15,312

64,020

79,332

656,752

2,672

8,813

15,960

24,773

9,205

1,425

10,630

38,075

11,700

380,100

4,635

12,480

17,052

103,950

23,108

2,160

555,185

9,100

5,250

14,350

569,535

100,000

42,700

142,700

245,310

49,350

81,260

130,610

11,475

68,820

80,295

598,915

2,548

12,915

21,252

34,167

12,920

2,000

14,920

51,635

7,980

243,000

2,968

11,840

13,200

71,040

11,200

1,560

362,788

8,265

5,130

13,395

376,183

See footnotes at end of table.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 11 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 1999-2000 1

 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

1.760

1.766

1.762

1.750

1.720

1.691

1.703

1.730

1.685

1.694

1.737

1.819

2.312

2.314

2.313

2.260

2.271

2.261

2.264

1.890

1.900

1.879

1.909

1.912

1.894

1.896

1.900

1.899

1.660

0.800

1.345

1.885

1.817

1.889

1.839

1.795

1.778

1.766

1.771

1.730

1.746

1.744

1.793

1.637

2.201

2.197

2.199

2.082

2.086

2.083

2.137

1.937

1.968

1.854

1.968

1.928

1.957

1.974

1.901

1.963

1.690

0.900

1.387

1.942

232,320

111,117

343,437

437,325

93,912

131,898

225,810

26,490

107,874

134,364

1,140,936

4,860

20,376

36,931

57,307

20,803

3,236

24,039

86,206

22,113

722,190

8,709

23,824

32,603

196,881

43,813

4,104

1,054,237

15,106

4,200

19,306

1,073,543

181,700

80,660

262,360

440,331

87,744

143,505

231,249

19,852

120,160

140,012

1,073,952

4,171

28,426

46,691

75,117

26,899

4,172

31,071

110,359

15,457

478,224

5,503

23,301

25,450

139,025

22,109

2,966

712,035

13,968

4,617

18,585

730,620

See footnotes at end of table.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 12 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 1999 - 2000 1

 (continued)

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT

 MA

 US

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61

All Tobacco

2,850

600

3,450

1,550

100

5,100

3,200

1,530

970

2,500

890

290

1,180

3,680

1,510

350

1,860

8,740

647,160

3,100

680

3,780

1,700

100

5,580

2,400

600

300

900

730

230

960

1,860

1,000

250

1,250

5,510

472,430

2,370

2,110

2,325

2,335

1,550

2,313

1,850

1,650

1,695

1,668

2,530

1,952

2,388

1,899

1,950

1,951

1,951

1,892

1,997

3,000

2,450

2,901

2,900

1,650

2,878

2,100

1,500

565

1,189

2,500

1,865

2,348

1,787

1,550

1,160

1,472

1,852

2,229

6,755

1,266

8,021

3,619

155

11,795

5,920

2,525

1,644

4,169

2,252

566

2,818

6,987

2,945

683

3,628

16,535

1,292,692

9,300

1,666

10,966

4,930

165

16,061

5,040

900

170

1,070

1,825

429

2,254

3,324

1,550

290

1,840

10,204

1,052,998

See footnotes at end of table.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 13 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 1999-2000 1

 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA 2

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT 3

 MA 3

 US 3

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-55 2

All Tobacco

2.066

2.056

2.064

1.982

1.590

2.033

1.300

4.500

5.100

4.737

1.490

1.490

1.490

3.427

2.451

1.828

1.965

2.041

1.977

1.940

1.800

1.964

4.900

5.000

4.916

1.550

1.550

1.550

2.634

2.634

1.869

13,956

2,603

16,559

7,173

246

23,978

7,696

11,363

8,384

19,747

3,355

843

4,198

23,945

31,641

2,356,304

18,275

3,400

21,675

9,564

297

31,536

4,410

850

5,260

2,829

665

3,494

8,754

8,754

1,955,221

 1 2000 revised. 2 PA type 41 price and value for 2000 not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include

type 32 only. 3 CT and MA type 61 price and value not published to avoid disclosure and not included in U.S. total. Price and value include

type 51 only.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 14 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class,

Month, and State, 2000 Marketing Year

Class

and

State

2000 2001

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Total

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

Flue-cured

 FL

 GA

 NC

 SC

 VA

Fire-cured

 VA

 KY

 TN

Air-cured

 IN

 KY

 MD

 MO

 NC

 OH

 PA 1

 TN

 VA

 WV 1

38

35

34

34

43

49

45

46

48

34

13

10

17

17

19

10

3

1

4

41

43

41

26

47

52

73

22

22

56

26

18

26

20

22

48

44

32

27

35

31

49

23

28

5

46

47

5

8

9

2

7

4

6

9

94 6

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

 1 Sales by month are not available.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 15 NASS, USDA

Avocados: Bearing Acreage, Yield, Production, Price,

and Value, by State and United States, 1999-2001

Year Bearing

Acreage 1

Yield

per

Acre

Production Utilization

Total Utilized Fresh Processed

Acres Tons Tons Tons Tons Tons

CA

 1999-00 2

 2000-01 2

FL

 1999-00

 2000-01

HI

 1999-00

 2000-01

US

 1999-00

 2000-01

59,000

59,000

5,900

6,000

230

220

65,130

65,220

2.73

3.53

3.73

4.33

1.30

1.45

2.81

3.59

161,000

208,000

22,000

26,000

300

320

183,300

234,320

161,000

208,000

22,000

26,000

300

320

183,300

234,320

161,000

208,000

22,000

26,000

300

320

183,300

234,320

Price per Ton Value of Production

Fresh Processed All Fresh Processed All

Dollars Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CA

 1999-00

 2000-01

FL

 1999-00

 2000-01

HI

 1999-00

 2000-01

US

 1999-00

 2000-01

2,250.00

1,470.00

748.00

584.00

1,200.00

1,160.00

2,070.00

1,370.00

2,250.00

1,470.00

748.00

584.00

1,200.00

1,160.00

2,070.00

1,370.00

362,118

305,655

16,456

15,184

360

371

378,934

321,210

362,118

305,655

16,456

15,184

360

371

378,934

321,210

 1 Bearing acreage estimates are based on periodic orchard inventory surveys. 2 Small quantities of processed avocados are included in fresh to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 2000-2001

Month

Area Fresh Production

Total in Crop Harvested 2000 2001

2000 2001 2000 2001

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Mar

Apr

3,090

3,090

2,860

2,845

1,655

1,655

2,025

2,025

4,610

4,700

4,270

4,065

Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield,

and Production, Hawaii, 1999-2000

Crop

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Bananas 1 2

Guavas 2

Papayas 1 2

Taro 1 3

1,420

630

1,940

500

1,550

680

1,650

470

17.3

17.0

21.9

18.7

23.4

33.0

24,500

10,700

42,400

6,800

29,000

15,900

54,500

7,000

 1 2000 revised. 2 Only utilized production is estimated. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 16 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield

by Type, State, and United States, 1999-2000 1

Type

and

State

Area

Planted

Area

Harvested Yield

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

565.0

270.0

970.0

610.0

107.0

1,470.0

33.0

615.0

1,200.0

380.0

84.0

880.0

240.0

330.0

570.0

6,150.0

110.0

14,584.0

9.0

240.0

7.5

33.0

289.5

565.0

279.0

970.0

850.0

107.0

1,470.0

33.0

615.0

1,200.0

380.0

91.5

880.0

240.0

330.0

570.0

6,183.0

110.0

14,873.5

590.0

280.0

960.0

775.0

130.0

1,500.0

40.0

710.0

1,300.0

400.0

72.0

930.0

280.0

300.0

570.0

6,400.0

110.0

15,347.0

5.0

145.0

4.2

16.0

170.2

590.0

285.0

960.0

920.0

130.0

1,500.0

40.0

710.0

1,300.0

400.0

76.2

930.0

280.0

300.0

570.0

6,416.0

110.0

15,517.2

561.0

269.0

960.0

605.0

106.0

1,300.0

28.0

610.0

1,180.0

377.0

79.0

825.0

150.0

315.0

565.0

5,100.0

108.0

13,138.0

8.9

239.0

7.0

32.0

286.9

561.0

277.9

960.0

844.0

106.0

1,300.0

28.0

610.0

1,180.0

377.0

86.0

825.0

150.0

315.0

565.0

5,132.0

108.0

13,424.9

530.0

278.0

950.0

770.0

106.0

1,350.0

37.0

695.0

1,280.0

388.0

67.0

925.0

145.0

290.0

565.0

4,400.0

108.0

12,884.0

4.9

144.0

4.1

16.0

169.0

530.0

282.9

950.0

914.0

106.0

1,350.0

37.0

695.0

1,280.0

388.0

71.1

925.0

145.0

290.0

565.0

4,416.0

108.0

13,053.0

535

1,278

714

1,254

516

579

375

709

704

601

662

475

461

428

505

475

635

595

879

1,210

734

669

1,128

535

1,265

714

1,241

516

579

375

709

704

601

668

475

461

428

505

477

635

607

492

1,366

720

1,378

480

591

288

629

642

668

724

742

503

627

603

430

738

626

705

1,154

539

930

1,105

492

1,354

720

1,342

480

591

288

629

642

668

713

742

503

627

603

432

738

632 1 2000 revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 17 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type,

State, and United States, 1999-2000

Type

and

State

Production in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 1

Lintseed

Ratio 2

Bales Ginned in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 3

1999 2000 4 1999 4 2000 1999 2000 4

1,000 Bales 1,000 Bales Bales Bales

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL 5

 GA

 KS 5

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL 5

 GA

 KS 5

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

625.0

716.0

1,428.0

1,580.0

114.0

1,567.0

21.9

901.0

1,731.0

472.0

109.0

816.0

144.0

281.0

595.0

5,050.0

142.8

16,293.7

16.3

602.7

10.7

44.6

674.3

625.0

732.3

1,428.0

2,182.7

114.0

1,567.0

21.9

901.0

1,731.0

472.0

119.7

816.0

144.0

281.0

595.0

5,094.6

142.8

16,968.0

543.0

791.0

1,425.0

2,210.0

106.0

1,663.0

22.2

911.0

1,711.0

540.0

101.0

1,429.0

152.0

379.0

710.0

3,940.0

166.0

16,799.2

7.2

346.3

4.6

31.0

389.1

543.0

798.2

1,425.0

2,556.3

106.0

1,663.0

22.2

911.0

1,711.0

540.0

105.6

1,429.0

152.0

379.0

710.0

3,971.0

166.0

17,188.3

0.384

0.398

0.412

0.396

0.383

0.412

0.376

0.381

0.399

0.413

0.396

0.383

0.410

0.372

644,700

695,750

1,410,300

1,600,100

1,570,700

932,350

1,716,800

457,950

53,050

828,150

143,000

271,750

590,450

5,111,750

135,700

16,291,750

16,600

602,450

6,550

48,850

674,450

644,700

712,350

1,410,300

2,202,550

1,570,700

932,350

1,716,800

457,950

59,600

828,150

143,000

271,750

590,450

5,160,600

135,700

16,966,200

551,700

761,000

1,426,500

2,239,800

1,669,000

936,150

1,706,800

514,650

60,750

1,452,400

147,750

366,700

708,500

3,978,500

149,850

16,790,500

7,500

346,000

4,550

30,950

389,000

551,700

768,500

1,426,500

2,585,800

1,669,000

936,150

1,706,800

514,650

65,300

1,452,400

147,750

366,700

708,500

4,009,450

149,850

17,179,500

 1 Production ginned and to be ginned. 2 Estimates available only for the 7 States shown. Three-year average. 3 Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4 Revised. 5 Bales withheld to avoid disclosure of individual gins, but are included in U.S. totals.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 18 NASS, USDA

Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition

by State and United States, 1999-2000

State

Production

Farm Disposition Seed for

Planting Sales to 2

Oil Mills Other 1

1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 3 2000

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

FL

GA

KS

LA

MS

MO

NM

NC

OK

SC

TN

TX

VA

US

225.0

275.0

552.0

799.0

36.0

546.0

8.0

331.0

667.0

175.0

50.5

278.0

52.0

100.0

223.0

1,987.0

49.0

6,353.5

192.0

297.0

556.0

909.0

38.0

563.0

8.9

331.0

662.0

205.0

39.7

508.0

58.0

133.0

289.0

1,589.0

57.0

6,435.6

78.0

16.0

441.0

86.0

26.0

379.0

8.0

165.0

612.0

102.0

2.2

44.0

50.0

60.0

155.0

1,115.0

1.0

3,340.2

15.0

0.0

450.0

60.0

29.0

336.0

8.9

179.0

595.0

158.0

6.3

59.0

55.0

69.0

179.0

1,253.0

0.0

3,452.2

147.0

259.0

111.0

713.0

10.0

167.0

0.0

166.0

55.0

73.0

48.3

234.0

2.0

40.0

68.0

872.0

48.0

3,013.3

177.0

297.0

106.0

849.0

9.0

227.0

0.0

152.0

67.0

47.0

33.4

449.0

3.0

64.0

110.0

336.0

57.0

2,983.4

6.8

2.6

9.0

7.9

1.4

18.0

0.4

6.4

13.0

4.2

0.8

8.4

3.1

2.1

4.0

64.2

1.0

153.3

6.9

2.6

10.0

7.2

1.3

18.0

0.4

7.2

15.0

4.2

0.9

9.5

3.3

2.2

4.2

60.2

1.0

154.1

 1 Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2 Included in " other " farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 3 Revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 19 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted Objective Yield surveys in 13 cotton producing States

during 2000. Randomly selected cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain

specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey for 5 States

which accounted for 61 percent of the 2000 U.S. upland cotton production. The remaining 8 States are new

to the Objective Yield survey and do not have 5 years of historical counts available. The “large bolls” are

total bolls counted from August through harvest. This count includes only bolls greater than one inch in

diameter and burrs.

Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss

by State, 1991-2000

Year

Arkansas California

Large Bolls 1

Harvest

Loss

per Acre

Large Bolls 1

Harvest

Loss

per Acre

Number Pounds Number Pounds

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

782

817

753

812

689

741

811

640

689

755

89

73

105

83

66

64

101

122

71

59

814

819

839

806

680

744

697

655

776

800

110

116

122

133

105

165

103

180

103

91

Louisiana Mississippi

Number Pounds Number Pounds

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

770

875

661

748

615

607

643

600

728

674

68

60

65

75

49

52

45

75

93

60

726

708

608

760

607

729

833

821

766

650

90

84

76

99

78

82

76

84

94

95

Texas

Number Pounds

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

430

489

489

486

415

498

458

482

456

448

41

53

36

41

36

39

27

37

41

43

 1 Total large bolls in 40 feet of row.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 20 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2000-2001

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2000 2001 2000 2001

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

5,844.0

79,545.0

4,477.0

440.0

3,060.0

1,335.0

9,195.0

62,529.0

43,348.0

3,937.0

15,244.0

1,567.0

536.0

46.0

1,536.8

4.0

215.0

74,496.0

2,792.0

15,517.2

15,347.0

170.2

1,564.2

5.2

1,756.2

188.0

217.0

1,387.3

17.2

77.4

64.7

1,228.0

97.3

5,321.0

76,693.0

4,425.0

3,090.0

9,368.0

60,299.0

41,336.0

3,462.0

15,501.0

1,892.0

1,465.0

76,657.0

2,732.0

15,614.0

15,394.0

220.0

1,432.5

1,452.9

16.8

74.1

96.2

5,201.0

72,732.0

5,868.0

59,854.0

23,077.0

36,777.0

2,324.0

370.0

3,039.0

302.0

7,723.0

265.0

53,028.0

35,022.0

3,572.0

14,434.0

1,509.0

517.0

42.9

1,329.0

3.9

197.0

72,718.0

2,629.0

13,053.0

12,884.0

169.0

1,378.1

1,037.0

472.4

4.1

1,606.4

179.0

214.0

6.8

0.3

36.1

89.5

1,351.6

17.0

75.6

61.8

1,197.2

21.7

94.2

0.5

63,771.0

2,204.0

32,088.0

457.7

14.0

72.5

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2001 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 21 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2000-2001

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

2000 2001 2000 2001

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu

"

Ton

"

"

"

Bu

"

Cwt

Bu

"

Ton

Bu

"

"

"

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

"

"

"

Bu

Lb

Bale

"

"

Ton

"

Lb

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

Cwt

Lb

61.1

137.1

16.8

2.54

3.48

1.95

64.2

19.8

6,281

28.5

60.9

10.8

41.9

44.6

30.7

38.2

1,337

20.8

852

2,448

1,474

1,434

38.1

1,363

632

626

1,105

23.6

35.0

2,229

1,780

1,646

1,955

1,415

1,340

50,000

1,871

77

382

292

290

303

393

101

145

41.8

285

269

317,865

9,968,358

98,538

152,183

80,347

71,836

149,195

7,320

190,872

8,619

470,070

2,863

2,223,440

1,562,733

109,805

550,902

2,016,951

6,436

10,730

36,570

3,252,775

5,750

282,545

2,769,665

3,584,339

17,188.3

16,799.2

389.1

32,521

36,346

1,052,998

73

26,440

3,499

3,029

680

9,100

13,500

67,577

6,926

516,083

4,960

21,921

18,698

470,504

2,199

13,613

7,000

1,341,381

3,990

19,500

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2001 crop year. 2 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 22 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1999-2001

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

1999 2000 2001

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

"

"

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Lb

Ton

"

Lb

1,000 Lbs

Ton

"

"

Lb

Ton

Lb

"

Ton

Gal

2,513

4

747

9,824

115

327

81

10,630.7

90.5

24,500.0

6,236.4

142.0

42,400.0

2,525.7

1,015.5

178.0

22.9

833,000

40.0

406,100

123,000

283.0

1,188

2,756

5

863

13,000

99

451

88

10,598.0

99.9

29,000.0

7,315.3

53.0

54,500.0

2,610.9

975.2

220.0

23.9

703,000

24.0

206,600

243,000

239.0

1,231

2,614

2

958

12,350

95

388

56

875,000

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2001 crop year. 2 Production years are 1998-1999, 1999-2000, and 2000-2001.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 23 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2000-2001

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2000 2001 2000 2001

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4

2,365,010

32,191,070

1,811,800

178,060

1,238,350

540,260

3,721,120

25,304,860

17,542,500

1,593,260

6,169,090

634,150

216,910

18,620

621,930

1,620

87,010

30,147,790

1,129,890

6,279,660

6,210,780

68,880

633,020

2,100

710,720

76,080

87,820

561,430

6,960

31,320

26,180

496,960

39,380

2,153,360

31,036,890

1,790,750

1,250,490

3,791,140

24,402,400

16,728,270

1,401,040

6,273,100

765,670

592,870

31,022,320

1,105,610

6,318,830

6,229,800

89,030

579,720

587,970

6,800

29,990

38,930

2,104,790

29,433,910

2,374,720

24,222,320

9,339,030

14,883,280

940,500

149,740

1,229,850

122,220

3,125,420

107,240

21,459,900

14,173,050

1,445,550

5,841,300

610,680

209,220

17,360

537,830

1,580

79,720

29,428,250

1,063,930

5,282,420

5,214,030

68,390

557,700

419,660

191,190

1,660

650,090

72,440

86,600

2,750

110

14,620

36,220

546,980

6,880

30,590

25,010

484,490

8,780

38,120

190

25,807,490

891,940

12,985,690

185,210

5,670

29,340

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2001 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 24 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2000-2001

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

2000 2001 2000 2001

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3.29

8.60

37.64

5.70

7.80

4.38

2.30

1.11

7.04

1.79

3.82

24.22

2.82

3.00

2.07

2.57

1.50

1.30

0.96

2.74

1.65

1.61

2.56

1.53

0.71

0.70

1.24

52.90

78.57

2.50

2.00

1.84

2.19

1.59

1.50

56.04

2.10

0.09

42.80

32.70

32.50

33.91

44.05

0.11

16.20

2.81

31.94

30.15

6,920,690

253,207,960

89,392,170

138,058,100

72,889,570

65,168,520

2,165,560

166,010

8,657,810

218,930

11,940,330

2,597,270

60,512,120

42,530,620

2,988,400

14,993,100

914,870

5,838,280

272,550

16,590

1,475,430

2,610

128,160

75,377,930

1,625,830

3,742,310

3,657,590

84,720

29,502,550

32,972,540

477,630

3,310

1,199,300

158,710

137,390

30,840

4,130

6,120

30,650

3,140

23,409,130

224,980

994,320

848,130

21,341,700

1,000

617,480

3,180

36,506,410

180,980

884,510

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2001 crop year. 2 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 25 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1999-2001

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Production

1999 2000 2001

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

2,279,760

3,630

677,670

8,912,180

104,330

296,650

73,480

4,822,000

82,100

11,110

5,657,530

128,820

19,230

1,145,640

921,200

161,480

20,770

377,840

36,290

184,200

55,790

256,730

5,940

2,500,200

4,540

782,900

11,793,400

89,810

409,140

79,830

4,807,170

90,630

13,150

6,636,300

48,080

24,720

1,184,280

884,640

199,580

21,680

318,880

21,770

93,710

110,220

216,820

6,150

2,371,380

1,810

869,080

11,203,730

86,180

351,990

50,800

396,890

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2001 crop year. 2 Production years are 1998-1999, 1999-2000, and 2000-2001.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 26 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 27 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 28 NASS, USDA

April Weather Summary

Despite the passage of three major spring storm systems across the central Plains and upper Midwest, most of

the Nation was unusually dry during April. Mostly dry, often warm weather depleted topsoil moisture across

the southern Plains, Ohio Valley, and southern Atlantic States, but allowed summer crop planting to gain

momentum. Generally dry weather also prevailed in the Northeast, easing the transition from a stormy, snowy

March into the spring snow-melt season. Areas from the eastern Dakotas to the upper Mississippi Valley

fared less well, as tranquil March weather yielded to major spring flooding, triggered by melting snow and

heavy precipitation. In the Northwest, cool, showery weather aided small grains and brought limited relief

from long-term drought. Elsewhere in the West, including California and Arizona, a warming trend provided

improving conditions for fieldwork and crop development.

Early-month freezes in California and the Northwest adversely affected some fruits (vines and tree blooms)

and newly planted summer crops, including sugarbeets. For the month, West Coast State temperatures ranged

from 1 to 5 degrees F below normal in most locations. Warm weather prevailed in areas from the Plains

eastward during the first half of the month, followed by a sharp cold snap from April 17-20 that caused

mostly minor damage to fruit tree blooms and tender ground vegetation in the Ohio Valley and interior South. 

Temperatures rebounded thereafter, helping to boost April readings 3 to 7 degrees F above normal in the

southern and eastern Corn Belt and up to 5 degrees F above normal on the central and southern High Plains.

April Agricultural Summary

Dry weather favored rapid field preparation and planting progress along the lower Ohio River Valley through

most of the month. Planting expanded into the central and eastern Corn Belt after midmonth, but wet weather

hindered progress in the western Corn Belt and adjacent parts of the northern Great Plains until late in the

month. Parts of the upper Mississippi Valley and northern Great Plains experienced flooding along rivers and

streams, and soils remained too saturated to support machinery throughout the month. Dry, windy weather

quickly erased early-month wetness in the southern Great Plains, and by the end of the month, soil moisture

shortages emerged. Along the Gulf Coast, previous soil moisture shortages persisted, especially in Florida. 

Precipitation was below normal in the interior Southeast, but soil moisture supplies were adequate, though

diminishing, in most areas. In the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Coast States, valley rains and mountain

snowfall boosted moisture reserves. In addition to frequent precipitation, cooler-than-normal weather

contributed to slow fieldwork and planting progress in California. Above-normal temperatures accelerated

growth of winter grains and early-planted spring crops in most areas east of the Rocky Mountains.

Corn planting began slowly at the beginning of the month, but quickly accelerated along the Ohio River

Valley as midmonth approached. After midmonth, planting remained active in the southern Corn Belt and

expanded into the central and eastern Corn Belt. In the western Corn Belt, planting and fieldwork remained

mostly stalled until late in the month. On April 29, the corn crop was 28 percent planted, well behind last

year’s rapid pace, but equal to the 5-year average. 

The winter wheat crop progressed behind normal during April, even though above-normal temperatures

stimulated growth in the Great Plains and Corn Belt most of the month. Moisture supplies were adequate to

support development in most areas early in the month. However, below-normal precipitation, combined with

hot, dry winds, led to moisture shortages in the southern and northern High Plains by the end of the month. In

the Corn Belt, frequent showers maintained adequate soil moisture supplies. Excessive moisture damaged

some fields in the northern Great Plains.

Frequent showers kept soils excessively wet, hindering small grain seeding in the western Corn Belt and

adjacent areas of the upper Mississippi Valley and northern Great Plains. Planting progress was near normal

in the northern High Plains and Pacific Northwest where rain delays were brief. Spring wheat and barley

planting were most active in Idaho and Washington, while progress remained stalled in Minnesota and North

Dakota throughout the month. Oat planting was active in the eastern Corn Belt early in the month and

accelerated in the western Corn Belt later in the month.

Dry weather aided field preparations and cotton planting in the southern Great Plains, lower Mississippi

Valley, and Southeast, especially after midmonth when rain delays were mostly limited to interior parts of the
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 29 NASS, USDA

Mississippi Delta and Southeast. Planting progress was near normal in the Southwest, despite frequent rain

delays. Near the end of the month, soil moisture shortages delayed planting in the southern High Plains.

Rice seeding was active along the western Gulf Coast as the month began, and quickly gained momentum in

the interior Mississippi Delta early in the month. Planting progressed ahead of normal in both areas and warm

weather stimulated germination and growth. In California, cold, wet weather hindered planting and delayed

emergence.

Sorghum planting was active most of the month in the southern Great Plains and accelerated in the interior

Mississippi Delta during the week that ended April 15. Planting began in the Missouri Bootheel after

midmonth, and a few fields were planted in the southern Corn Belt and central High Plains before the month

ended.

Sugarbeet seeding progressed ahead of normal in Michigan and near normal in Idaho, but persistent wetness

held progress in Minnesota and North Dakota far behind last year’s pace and well behind the 5-year average.

Winter Wheat: Area for 2001 grain harvest is forecast at 32.1 million acres, down 8 percent from 2000. 

This will be the smallest winter wheat area since 1957. Hard Red Winter and Soft Red Winter area for

harvest showed the biggest percentage declines, dropping 9 and 8 percent, respectively. White Winter wheat

area is down 3 percent from a year ago.

The portion of the winter wheat crop rated good to excellent on April 29, at 41 percent, was 20 percentage

points lower than last year. The Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas good to excellent ratings were only

28 percent, 25 percent, and 26 percent, respectively. April 1 conditions were the lowest since 1989, when

just 29 percent was rated good and 3 percent was excellent.

The winter wheat crop progressed behind normal during April, even though above-normal temperatures

stimulated growth in the Great Plains and Corn Belt most of the month. Moisture supplies were adequate to

support development in most areas early in the month. However, below-normal precipitation, combined with

hot, dry winds led to moisture shortages in the southern and northern High Plains by the end of the month. In

the Corn Belt, frequent showers maintained adequate soil moisture supplies. Excessive moisture damaged

some fields in the northern Great Plains.

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 15.4 million

bushels. This is down 13 percent from their 2000 total of 17.8 million. Durum wheat in Arizona is currently

24 percent mature, where weather conditions have had little impact on the Durum crop since March. Crop

condition is mainly good to excellent in California. Crop development was somewhat behind normal in the

Imperial and San Joaquin valleys due to cool temperatures in February and March, but has recovered with

warmer temperatures.

Hay Stocks on Farms: Stocks of all hay on farms totaled 21.1 million tons on May 1, 2001, down

27 percent from May 1 of the previous year. This reduction reflects a return to near normal stock levels

following last year’s near record high. Disappearance of hay from December 1, 2000 - May 1, 2001, totaled

82.6 million tons, 3 percent higher than the 1999-2000 crop disappearance of 80.1 million tons. The

increased disappearance was due to severe early winter weather in the northern Plains and Midwest, and a late

spring across much of the country.

Twenty-seven of the 48 reporting States had lower hay stocks. Most of the States reporting stock declines

were located west of the Mississippi River. In these States stock levels were low due to dry conditions during

the growing season which caused low production and hay land to be utilized for supplemental pasture. Also,

severe winter weather extended the feeding season and increased hay usage. Texas reported stocks of 1.45

million tons, down 45 percent from last May’s 2.63 million tons. Nationwide, 13 States, 10 of which are west

of the Mississippi, reported stocks at or below 50 percent of last year’s levels. The Southeast was also hurt by

drought with Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi also reporting stocks at or below 50 percent of last May’s

levels.

The States in the Ohio Valley and Northeast saw stocks rise as a result of favorable weather in 2000

increasing production following the drought of 1999. This rise in stocks restores these States to historic stock
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 30 NASS, USDA

levels following the poor harvest of 1999. States reporting the largest increases were Kentucky,

Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia.

Almonds: The 2001 California almond crop is forecast at a record high 875 million meat pounds, up

24 percent from last year’s revised 703 million pounds. Bearing acreage, at 525,000, is up 5 percent from the

previous crop year. The average yield is forecast at 1,670 pounds per acre, 260 pounds per acre above last

year but 70 pounds below the 1999 yield. The nut set was expected to return to 1999 levels due to the

alternate bearing nature of almond trees; however, less than ideal weather conditions have resulted in reduced

expectations for the 2001 crop. Low temperatures and rain during the critical bloom period adversely

impacted pollination for early varieties. The later-blooming varieties are expected to fare better due to better

weather during their bloom period.

Avocados: U.S. avocado production for the 2000-2001 season totaled 234,320 tons, up 28 percent from last

season. Bearing acreage, at 65,220, was virtually unchanged from the 1999-2000 level. The value of U.S.

avocados for the 2000-2001 season totaled $321 million, down 15 percent from the previous season. 

California avocado production was 208,000 tons, up 29 percent from last season. The value of California’s

avocado production decreased 16 percent, from the previous season, to $306 million. California experienced

good weather conditions for this year’s crop. Fruit quality is good. Florida produced 26,000 tons of avocados

in 2000-2001, up 18 percent from last season. Florida’s value of production totaled $15.2 million, down

8 percent from last year. Florida production increased from last season due to favorable weather conditions

and increased acreage. Hawaii produced 320 tons of avocados, up 7 percent from 1999-2000. Hawaii’s

value of production rose 3 percent to $371,000 for the 2000-2001 season. 

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production for April is estimated at 4.07 million pounds, 5 percent lower than

March and 14 percent below April 2000 production. Area in crop totaled 2,845 acres, 1 percent less than last

month and 8 percent fewer acres than a year ago. Harvested area, at 2,025 acres, remained unchanged from

March but was 22 percent higher than last April. April weather conditions were variable with showers and

sunshine over major papaya producing areas. Incidence of the papaya ringspot virus was low due to close

monitoring and rogueing of infected trees. 

Hawaii total papaya utilization during 2000 is estimated at 54.5 million pounds, 29 percent higher than in

1999. Although there was a 15 percent decline in harvested acreage, sharply improved yields from papaya

ringspot resistant varieties resulted in the increased production. An estimated 1,650 acres was bearing on

average during the year, of which about half was planted to higher yielding, virus resistant varieties. Very dry

conditions in non-irrigated orchards in the summer of 1999 and early in 2000 reduced flowering, which led to

fruiting gaps and reduced output in the beginning of the year and in October and November of 2000. The dry

conditions prevented an even greater increase in output.

California Peaches: The California 2001 peach crop is forecast at 1.77 billion pounds, down 5 percent

from 2000 and 3 percent below two years ago. Bearing acres are estimated at 67,800, up 1 percent from last

year. Both the freestone and clingstone crops experienced good bloom this spring. However, sporadic

damage from frost and hailstorms during the first part of April reduced expectations.

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 770 million pounds, down 4 percent from last year but 1 percent

above 1999. Freestone bearing acreage is estimated at 39,000, unchanged from 2000. Hail damage in Fresno

County affected the fresh market crop more than the processed crop.

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.00 billion pounds, 6 percent below both last year and 1999. 

Clingstone bearing acreage is estimated at 28,800, up 2 percent from 2000. Crop set looks good in the extra

early and early varieties, while the late and extra late varieties have lighter fruit set.

Bananas: Hawaii banana production for 2000 is estimated at a record large 29.0 million pounds, up

18 percent from 1999. Maturing acreage resulted in higher yields and increased production levels. Growers

continued with their Banana Bunchy Top Virus control programs. Weather for 2000 was favorable, with no

major wind damage. In November, heavy rains drenched some major orchards, but the damage was light.

Guavas: Guava utilized production in Hawaii rebounded after five consecutive years of decline. The utilized

production totaled 15.9 million pounds in 2000, up 49 percent from 1999. The harvested area totaled
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 31 NASS, USDA

680 acres compared to 630 acres a year ago. Yield, based on utilized production only, averaged

23,400 pounds per acre, up 38 percent from the previous year. Weather during 2000 was satisfactory for

orchards.

Taro: Hawaiian taro production for crop year 2000 is estimated at 7.00 million pounds, up 3 percent from

last year. Area harvested, at 470 acres, is down 30 acres from 1999. Weather conditions were favorable in

most of the major growing areas. Improved cultural practices continued to reduce losses due to disease.

Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2000-01 grapefruit crop for the United States is 2.61 million tons,

unchanged from the April 1 forecast, but 5 percent less than last season’s utilization. The Florida grapefruit

forecast is 49.0 million boxes (2.08 million tons), unchanged from the April forecast but 8 percent lower than

the previous season. The all white grapefruit forecast, which includes seedless and seedy varieties, remains at

20.0 million boxes (850,000 tons). If realized, the crop size will be down 7 percent from last season. The

colored seedless utilization remains at 29.0 million boxes (1.23 million tons) but is 9 percent below the

previous season’s final utilization. The total percent of “clean harvested” rows is less than last season. The

amount of off-bloom fruit and those unharvested “marginal care” groves appear to be greater than average. 

Forecasts for Arizona, California, and Texas are carried forward from the April forecast.

Tangerines: The 2000-01 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 388,000 tons, unchanged from last month, but

14 percent below last season’s record high utilization of 451,000 tons. Florida’s tangerine crop remains the

same as the April 1 forecast of 5.60 million boxes (266,000 tons). This is 20 percent less than the record high

use of 7.00 million boxes (333,000 tons) last season. The early tangerine harvest is complete. The late season

Honey tangerine harvest is more than 80 percent complete and some of the remaining fruit may not be picked

because of poor fruit condition. Arizona and California forecasts are carried forward from the April forecast.

Tangelos: Florida’s 2000-01 tangelo forecast, at 2.10 million boxes (94,500 tons), is unchanged from the

April 1 forecast but is 5 percent less than last season. Tangelo production peaked at 6.40 million boxes in the

1979-80 season and has declined slowly over the last 20 seasons. In the 1996-97 season, the utilized

production was 3.95 million boxes and it has decreased in each subsequent season.

Temples: Florida’s Temple forecast is reduced to 1.25 million boxes (56,000 tons), 11 percent less than the

April 1 forecast and 36 percent lower than the 1.95 million boxes (88,000 tons) recorded last season. This is

the lowest recorded crop since the objective measurement series began in the 1953-54 season. The largest

crop, at 6.00 million boxes, was recorded in 1979-80. Weekly utilizations declined to virtually zero by the

end of April and the fruit remaining on trees is considered unharvestable due to poor fruit condition. 

K-Early Citrus: The K-Early Citrus Fruit forecast for 2000-01 remains at 40,000 boxes (1,800 tons),

unchanged from April but 70,000 boxes fewer than last season. Harvest is complete. This production equals

the record low utilization of the 1997-98 season.

Florida Citrus: April was a very dry month in Florida’s citrus belt. There were only a few days of

precipitation. High winds on several occasions accelerated evaporation of the scant surface moisture that had

accumulated from the limited rainfall. Growers and caretakers have been irrigating around the clock to keep

trees in good condition while the trees are setting fruit for next season’s crop. Most well cared for groves

have plenty of new foliage. Those groves that have received minimal irrigation have yellowing leaves.

Picking crews completed the early and midseason orange harvest by the first of the month. The Valencia

orange harvest continued and by the end of April, movement was at its peak rate. Most of the Valencias are

going to processing. Movement of all grapefruit continued throughout the month for both fresh and processed

utilization. The Temple harvest was completed by mid-month. Harvest of Honey tangerines was winding

down with supplies running low. Caretakers were cutting cover crops prior to harvesting and for fire

protection. Hedging and topping have occurred in virtually all citrus areas. Grove debris burning is limited

due to the current dry conditions. Post bloom nutritional spraying continues.

California Citrus: The navel orange harvest was winding down as less than 10 percent of the crop remained

to be picked by May 1. The Valencia orange harvest was active in all citrus growing areas. Some Valencia

orange groves in the Fresno area were hit by hail. Lemon and grapefruit picking continued throughout the

month. Bees were active in citrus groves in central California by month's end.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 32 NASS, USDA

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Fruit and nut growers irrigated, fertilized, cultivated, and applied

fungicides and herbicides throughout the month of April. Thinning occurred in the stone fruit orchards. In

early April, grapevines and fruit trees suffered frost or hail damage in many areas. Nighttime temperatures

dropped below freezing and damaged young grape shoots in Sonoma, Lake, Napa, and Mendocino counties. 

Grapes and stone fruit in Madera and Fresno counties also suffered damage from frost and hail. Apple

orchards were blooming and olives continued bud development throughout most of April. Strawberry picking

was active in the southern part of the State.

Spring Potatoes: Spring potato production is forecast at 19.5 million cwt, down 4 percent from last month

and 11 percent below a year ago. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 72,500 acres, 3 percent below last month

and down 4 percent from last year. The average yield is forecast at 269 cwt per acre, down 3 cwt from last

month and 21 cwt below last year. From their April 1 estimates, California’s harvested acreage was dropped

1,500 acres to 15,500 acres and Arizona’s was trimmed 500 acres to 8,500 acres.

Harvest started in Arizona’s western counties in early April while central counties began about midmonth. 

Production in Arizona, at 2.30 million cwt, is 9 percent below both last month and last year. California’s

spring production, at 6.05 million cwt, is down 9 percent from last month and 19 percent below a year ago. 

California’s harvest is anticipated to start in May, about two weeks later than usual, because of cool weather

early in the growing season. Texas production is 2.07 million cwt, the same as last month but 7 percent

below last year. 

Florida’s spring harvest was active during April, and picked up steam in Hastings the last half of the month. 

Production is forecast at 5.94 million cwt, up 4 percent from April 1, but still 6 percent below a year ago. 

Frost hit North Carolina fields the third week in April, slowing development and reducing potential yields. 

Production is now forecast at 3.15 million cwt, down 5 percent from a month ago and 7 percent below last

year.

Tobacco: U.S. tobacco production for 2000 was revised down 4 percent, harvested acreage down 3 percent,

and average yield down 35 pounds from December 2000. Total production, at 1.05 billion pounds in 2000,

was down 19 percent from 1999, and was at the lowest level since 1932. Growers harvested 472,430 acres in

2000, down 27 percent from last year, and was the lowest harvested acreage since 1874. Final yields

averaged 2,229 pounds per acre, up 232 pounds from 1999.

Flue-cured production totaled 599 million pounds in 2000, down 9 percent from 1999. Growers harvested

250,000 acres, down 18 percent from last year. Flue-cured yields averaged 2,396 pounds per acre, up

234 pounds from 1999. North Carolina, the leading producer of flue-cured tobacco, produced

395 million pounds, two-thirds of all flue-cured tobacco grown in the United States.

Total fire-cured production was revised upward 9 percent from December 2000 to 51.6 million pounds. This

is 36 percent more than last year. Growers harvested a total of 17,540 acres, 7 percent more than 1999. 

Fire-cured yields averaged 2,944 pounds per acre, up 625 pounds from last year.

Burley production, which accounted for 96 percent of all light air-cured tobacco, was revised down 10 percent

from December 2000 to 363 million pounds. This is 35 percent less than last year when 555 million pounds

were produced. Producers of burley tobacco harvested 185,400 acres in 2000, 39 percent less than last year. 

Yields averaged 1,957 pounds per acre, down 66 pounds from December 2000, but 128 pounds more than

1999. Kentucky, the leading producer of burley tobacco, produced 243 million pounds, which was 67 percent

of all burley grown in the United States.

Dark air-cured production was revised up 11 percent from December 2000. Production totaled

16.1 million pounds in 2000, which was 36 percent above a year ago. Growers harvested 5,580 acres in

2000, 9 percent above last year. Yields averaged 2,878 pounds per acre, up 565 pounds from 1999. 

Kentucky, the leading producer of dark air-cured tobacco, produced 14.2 million pounds in 2000, which was

89 percent of all dark air-cured grown in the United States.

Production of cigar tobacco, which includes filler, binder, and wrapper, was revised upward 8 percent from

December 2000 to a total of 10.2 million pounds for 2000. However, this is 38 percent below 1999
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 33 NASS, USDA

production. Growers harvested 5,510 acres in 2000, 37 percent less than the previous year. Average yields

were 1,852 pounds per acre, down 40 pounds from 1999.

Cotton: The 2000 United States all cotton production totaled 17.2 million bales, 1 percent above the

1999 production level. The 2000 output is the eighth largest crop on record. Upland cotton production, at

16.8 million bales, was 3 percent above the previous year. American-Pima production totaled 389,100 bales,

down 42 percent from 1999. 

The area planted to all cotton totaled 15.5 million acres, up 4 percent from 1999. Harvested area was

13.1 million acres, down 3 percent from last year. The increase in planted acreage was attributable to the

favorableness of cotton as an alternative crop during times of low prices; however, harvested acreage

decreased from 1999 due to drought and high temperatures in the extreme Southeast and southern Plains

regions. Yields for the U.S. averaged 632 pounds per harvested acre.

Producers in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia) experienced

delays in planting cotton during the spring of 2000. Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina were

slowed due to extremely dry soils. Conversely, North Carolina and Virginia cotton producers experienced

planting delays due to rain and lingering moisture. Moisture shortages persisted in parts of Alabama, Florida,

Georgia, and South Carolina throughout most of the growing season. Rains received in some areas quickly

evaporated due to hot, dry conditions. The lack of moisture led to the abandonment of some fields. Adequate

moisture was received in North Carolina and Virginia; however, abnormally cool temperatures slowed

development in some areas. Harvest began in most parts of the region during the middle of September and

progressed near average for most of the fall. Virginia and parts of the Carolinas lagged behind average, due

to the cool weather which slowed maturation of the crop.

The Delta States’ (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) planted 3.94 million acres, a

5 percent increase over last year. Harvested area totaled 3.88 million acres. Planting progressed smoothly

throughout most of the region. Dry weather permitted excess moisture to drain from fields and allowed

planting to get into full swing by early May. Above normal temperatures stimulated development throughout

the season, but resulted in some deterioration of condition. The rapid development of the crop allowed

harvest to progress well ahead of the 5-year average. Louisiana growers were finished picking cotton prior to

November 1, while the other Delta States had well over 90 percent of their acreage harvested before

November. Rains during November delayed the completion of harvest in these States; however, by

November 21, all five Delta States had completed harvest. Data from the objective yield surveys in the last

ten years show 2000 boll weights in Arkansas and Louisiana were the fourth lowest, while Mississippi’s

weight was second lowest. 

Producers in the Southwestern States (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) were able to maintain a

planting pace on par with the 5-year average, despite combating weather delays. Weather conditions during

the second half of May allowed Oklahoma cotton producers to stay well ahead of the 5-year average planting

rate. Texas producers managed to maintain pace with average, despite extremely dry conditions and high

winds. Hot, dry growing conditions early in the season resulted in development progressing ahead of average

throughout most of the region. Most areas received rains during late June, easing moisture concerns that had

developed during the month; however, the precipitation came too late for some fields which were plowed

under and replanted to alternative crops. Extremely hot temperatures and high winds persisted throughout the

remainder of the growing season, leading to depleted soil moisture, deteriorating condition ratings, and

abandoned fields. Irrigated crops were also under stress in some areas of the Plains due to available water

being exhausted at a rapid rate. Harvest began early due to the rapidly maturing crop and was aided by a light

to killing frost in early October; however, progress slowed during November due to rain and high humidity. 

Quality and yields were adversely affected by the rainfall. Despite the delays, Oklahoma remained ahead of

the 5-year average harvest pace. Texas, which began the harvest season ahead of average, had fallen off pace

by mid-November. 

Arizona and California experienced excellent planting conditions throughout the spring of 2000. By midMay, California planting was virtually complete. Arizona producers had completed their planting by the end

of May. The early planting and above average temperatures during June allowed the upland cotton in the

West to progress well ahead of average. Irrigation alleviated any concerns associated with dry spells which

accompanied the hot temperatures. Mild temperatures during parts of July and August resulted in some
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 34 NASS, USDA

delays in crop development, but the early season progress allowed the crop to stay ahead of average. Harvest

began on or ahead of normal, despite some rain delays. Although the rains had only minimal delays on

harvest activities, quality factors were diminished in some areas. Data from the objective yield plots indicate

California’s boll weights are the second lowest since 1991. California producers decreased American-Pima

planted acres by 40 percent from 1999, to 145,000 acres. The San Joaquin Valley began planting AmericanPima cotton in late March, but cool weather resulted in some delays and slowed plant development. The crop

progressed well, despite more cool weather during late August. Harvest proceeded ahead of average and was

virtually complete by the beginning of December. 

All cotton ginnings totaled 17,179,500 equivalent 480-pound net weight bales during the 2000 season. This

compares with 16,966,200 equivalent 480-pound net weight bales in 1999.

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2000 totaled 6.44 million tons, up 1 percent from 1999. Low prices

and improved handling have increased the amount of cottonseed being utilized as livestock feed.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 35 NASS, USDA

Reliability of May 1 Crop Production Forecast

Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 24 and May 1

to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three States (Kansas,

Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful counts. Farm operators

were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots

in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early

fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the

number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the

point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample

plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a

net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 12,800 producers representing all major production

areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter wheat

acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed throughout the growing season to

provide indications of average yields as the season progresses.

Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in Florida,

which produces about 75 percent of the U.S. production. In July and August, the number of bearing trees and the

number of fruit per tree were determined. In subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are

conducted to develop the current forecast of production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer

surveys on a quarterly basis, in October, January, April, and July.

Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their

analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State

analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.

Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors,

reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida State Statistical Office submits its analyses of

the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their

analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecast. Reports from growers and packers in Arizona, California, and Texas

were also used for setting estimates. The May 1 orange production forecasts for these three States are carried forward

from April. 

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month

throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat

marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and

ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes.

End-of-season oranges estimates will be published in September’s Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production

estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing

orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the May 1 production

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root

Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast

relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from

those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 6.3 percent. This means that chances

are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.34 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by

more than 6.3 percent or approximately 80 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that

the difference will not exceed 10.9 percent or approximately 140 million bushels. Differences between the May 1

winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 86 million bushels,

ranging from 4 million to 285 million bushels. The May 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 12 times and

above 8 times. This does not imply that the May 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate

final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 36 NASS, USDA

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 3.0 percent. This means that chances are 2

out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more than

3.0 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 5.2 percent. 

Differences between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged

192,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 714,000 tons. The May 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final

estimate 7 times and above 13 times. The difference does not implythatthe May 1 forecast this year is likely to

understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2001 37 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service

to contact for additional information.

Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Greg Thessen, Head (202) 720-2127

Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526

Herman Ellison - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234

Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops,

Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621

Mark R. Miller - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127

Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing

Vegetables (202) 720-3250

Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries,

Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4288

Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans &

Peas, Mushrooms (202) 690-0270

Darin Jantzi - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup,

Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940

Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture, Nursery (202) 720-4215

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables,

Onions, Strawberries (202) 720-2157
The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on June 12, 2001.

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