Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released March 10, 2010, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of 

Agriculture (USDA).

Special Note

NASS is in the process of modifying report layouts in order to improve readability. This is the first issue produced using 

the new layout. This report issue is published using both layouts but future issues will only be produced using this layout. 

The previous layout is available on the NASS website: http://www.nass.usda.gov. 

All Orange Production Up 2 Percent from February

The United States all orange forecast for the 2009-2010 season is 8.10 million tons, up 2 percent from the February 1 

forecast but down 12 percent from the 2008-2009 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 131 million boxes 

(5.90 million tons), is up 2 percent from the previous forecast but down 19 percent from last season’s final utilization. 

Early, midseason, and navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 68.0 million boxes (3.06 million tons), up 3 percent from 

February 1 but 20 percent lower than last season. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 63.0 million boxes 

(2.84 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but down 19 percent from the 2008-2009 crop. The forecast 

of early, midseason, and navel oranges is raised due to increased utilization. In response to freezing temperatures in 

January, growers began harvesting their remaining fruit at an accelerated rate, moving fruit from the grove to the 

processing plants. Plants reported processing more fruit than normal during January and February.

The California Valencia orange forecast is 17.0 million boxes (638,000 tons), up 13 percent from the previous forecast 

and up 21 percent from last season’s final utilization. This brings California’s all orange forecast to 57.0 million boxes, up 

4 percent from the February 1 forecast and up 18 percent from the 2008-2009 crop. Objective survey measurements taken 

during January and February indicated that fruit set per tree increased significantly compared with last year, while 

measured average fruit size increased slightly from the previous year.

Corn and Soybean Updates

Survey respondents who reported corn acreage as not yet harvested in Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin 

and survey respondents who reported soybean acreage as not yet harvested in Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, 

and Virginia during the surveys conducted in preparation for the Crop Production 2009 Summary were re-contacted 

between late January and early February to determine how many of the acres were harvested or still intended for 

harvest and to record the production from those acres. Based on this updated information, several changes were made 

to the estimates published in the Crop Production 2009 Summary. Because unharvested production is a component of 

on-farm stocks, changes were made to the December 1 on-farm stocks levels comparable with the production 

adjustments as well. Respondents with unharvested corn in North Dakota and South Dakota will be interviewed at a 

later date.
2 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2009-2010 season is 1.53 gallons per box at 

42.0 degrees Brix, down 2 percent from the February 1 forecast and down 8 percent from last season’s final yield of 

1.66 gallons per box. The early-midseason portion is projected at 1.51 gallons per box, down 6 percent from last season’s 

record yield of 1.60 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is expected to total 1.58 gallons per box, 10 percent lower than 

last year’s final yield of 1.75 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationship this season will 

be similar to those of the past several seasons.

This report was approved on March 10, 2010.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Kathleen A. Merrigan

Agricultural Statistics Board

Acting Chairperson

Lance Honig
Crop Production (March 2010) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Sugarcane Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Use - States and United States: 2008 

and 2009.......................................................................................................................................................................... 4

Corn Area Planted for All Purposes, Area Harvested, Yield, and Production for Grain - Selected 

States and United States: 2009........................................................................................................................................ 5

Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - Selected States 

and United States: 2009 .................................................................................................................................................. 5

Corn and Soybean Stocks by Position Selected States and United States: December 1, 2009....................................... 5

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2007-2008, 

2008-2009, and Forecasted March 1, 2010..................................................................................................................... 6

Crop Area Planted and Harvested - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units).................................................... 7

Crop Yield and Production - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units) .............................................................. 8

Crop Area Planted and Harvested - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)......................................................... 9

Crop Yield and Production - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)..................................................................10

Fruits and Nuts Production - United States: 2008-2010 (Domestic Units)....................................................................11

Fruits and Nuts Production - United States: 2008-2010 (Metric Units) ........................................................................12

Percent of Normal Precipitation.....................................................................................................................................13

Departure from Normal Temperature ............................................................................................................................13

February Weather Summary ..........................................................................................................................................14

February Agricultural Summary ....................................................................................................................................14

Crop Comments.............................................................................................................................................................15

Survey Methodology......................................................................................................................................................17

Information Contacts .....................................................................................................................................................18
4 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarcane Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Use - States and United States: 2008 and 2009

Use and State

Area harvested Yield 1 Production 1

2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

For sugar

 Florida .....................................................

 Hawaii 2...................................................

 Louisiana 2..............................................

 Texas 2....................................................

 United States ..........................................

For seed

 Florida .....................................................

 Hawaii 2...................................................

 Louisiana 2..............................................

 Texas 2....................................................

 United States ..........................................

For sugar and seed

 Florida .....................................................

 Hawaii 2...................................................

 Louisiana 2..............................................

 Texas 2....................................................

 United States ..........................................

384.0

20.4

380.0

37.2

821.6

17.0

2.4

25.0

2.0

46.4

401.0

22.8

405.0

39.2

868.0

372.0

19.7

390.0

39.0

820.7

18.0

2.0

35.0

2.0

57.0

390.0

21.7

425.0

41.0

877.7

32.9

69.7

28.3

35.5

31.8

36.5

30.0

28.3

35.5

31.7

33.1

65.5

28.3

35.5

31.8

36.1

71.0

31.0

35.0

34.5

36.3

30.0

31.0

35.0

32.8

36.1

67.2

31.0

35.0

34.4

12,634

1,422

10,754

1,321

26,131

621

72

708

71

1,472

13,255

1,494

11,462

1,392

27,603

13,429

1,399

12,090

1,365

28,283

653

60

1,085

70

1,868

14,082

1,459

13,175

1,435

30,151

1 Net tons.

2 Estimates are carried forward from the "Crop Production 2009 Summary" released January 12, 2010.
Crop Production (March 2010) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn Area Planted for All Purposes, Area Harvested, Yield, and Production for Grain - Selected States 

and United States: 2009

[Updated from "Crop Production 2009 Summary" released January 12, 2010]

State Planted Harvested Yield Production

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Illinois ..............................................

Michigan ..........................................

Minnesota ........................................

Wisconsin ........................................

United States ...................................

12,000

2,350

7,600

3,850

86,482

11,800

*2,090

7,150

2,930

*79,620

*174.0

148.0

*174.0

153.0

*164.9

*2,053,200

*309,320

*1,244,100

448,290

*13,130,632

* Revised.

Soybeans for Beans Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production - Selected States

and United States: 2009

[Updated from "Crop Production 2009 Summary" released January 12, 2010]

State Planted Harvested Yield Production

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Georgia ...........................................

North Carolina .................................

South Carolina .................................

Virginia ............................................

United States ...................................

470

1,800

590

580

77,451

*440

*1,750

*565

570

*76,372

36.0

34.0

*24.5

*37.0

44.0

*15,840

*59,500

*13,843

*21,090

*3,359,011

* Revised.

Corn and Soybean Stocks by Position Selected States and United States: December 1, 2009

[Updated from "Grains Stocks" released January 12, 2010]

State

On

Farms

Off

Farms 1

Total All

Positions

Corn

(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Illinois ..............................................

Michigan ..........................................

Minnesota ........................................

Wisconsin ........................................

United States ...................................

*1,190,000

195,000

*930,000

285,000

*7,425,000

679,455

50,900

275,746

101,280

3,488,676

*1,869,455

245,900

*1,205,746

386,280

*10,913,676

Soybeans

Unallocated 2...................................

United States ...................................

*173,000

*1,229,500

31,706

1,105,180

*327,856

*2,334,680

* Revised.

1

Included stocks at mills, elevators, warehouses, terminals, and processors.

2

"Off farms unallocated" includes State data not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. "On farms unallocated" includes minor 

producing States' data not published separately.
6 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop - States and United States: 2007-2008, 2008-2009,

and Forecasted March 1, 2010

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]

Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Oranges

 Early, mid, and navel 2

 Arizona 3...........................

 California 4........................

 Florida ...............................

 Texas 4..............................

 United States ....................

 Valencia

 Arizona 3...........................

 California ...........................

 Florida ...............................

 Texas 4..............................

 United States ....................

 All

 Arizona 3...........................

 California ...........................

 Florida ...............................

 Texas 4..............................

 United States ....................

Grapefruit

 White

 Florida ...............................

 Colored

 Florida ...............................

 All

 Arizona 3...........................

 California 4........................

 Florida ...............................

 Texas 4..............................

 United States ....................

Tangerines and mandarins

 Arizona 4 5.............................

 California 4 5..........................

 Florida ...................................

 United States ........................

Lemons 4

 Arizona .................................

 California ...............................

 United States ........................

Tangelos

 Florida ...................................

230

45,000

83,500

1,600

130,330

150

17,000

86,700

196

104,046

380

62,000

170,200

1,796

234,376

9,000

17,600

100

5,200

26,600

6,000

37,900

400

6,700

5,500

12,600

1,500

14,800

16,300

1,500

150

34,500

84,600

1,300

120,550

100

14,000

77,800

159

92,059

250

48,500

162,400

1,459

212,609

6,600

15,100

25

5,600

21,700

5,500

32,825

250

6,700

3,850

10,800

3,000

22,000

25,000

1,150

(NA)

40,000

68,000

1,310

109,310

(NA)

17,000

63,000

277

80,277

(NA)

57,000

131,000

1,587

189,587

5,300

13,500

(NA)

4,200

18,800

5,490

28,490

350

8,200

4,000

12,550

2,500

20,000

22,500

900

9

1,688

3,758

68

5,523

6

637

3,901

9

4,553

15

2,325

7,659

77

10,076

383

748

3

174

1,131

240

1,548

15

251

261

527

57

562

619

68

5

1,294

3,807

55

5,161

4

525

3,501

7

4,037

9

1,819

7,308

62

9,198

280

642

1

188

922

220

1,331

9

251

183

443

114

836

950

52

(NA)

1,500

3,060

56

4,616

(NA)

638

2,835

12

3,485

(NA)

2,138

5,895

68

8,101

225

574

(NA)

141

799

220

1,160

13

308

190

511

95

760

855

41

(NA) Not available.

1 Net pounds per box: oranges in Arizona and California-75, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in Arizona and California-67, Florida-85, Texas-80; 

lemons-76; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-75, Florida-95.

2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in Arizona and California. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small 

quantities of tangerines in Texas and Temples in Florida.

3 Estimates discontinued beginning with the 2009-2010 crop year.

4 Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast.

5

Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production (March 2010) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2009 2010 2009 2010

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

 Barley .............................................................................

 Corn for grain 1...............................................................

 Corn for silage ................................................................

 Hay, all ...........................................................................

 Alfalfa .........................................................................

 All other ......................................................................

 Oats ................................................................................

 Proso millet .....................................................................

 Rice ................................................................................

 Rye .................................................................................

 Sorghum for grain 1.........................................................

 Sorghum for silage ..........................................................

 Wheat, all .......................................................................

 Winter .........................................................................

 Durum .........................................................................

 Other spring ................................................................

Oilseeds

 Canola ............................................................................

 Cottonseed .....................................................................

 Flaxseed .........................................................................

 Mustard seed ..................................................................

 Peanuts ..........................................................................

 Rapeseed .......................................................................

 Safflower ........................................................................

 Soybeans for beans ........................................................

 Sunflower .......................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

 Cotton, all .......................................................................

 Upland ........................................................................

 American Pima ...........................................................

 Sugarbeets .....................................................................

 Sugarcane ......................................................................

 Tobacco ..........................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

 Austrian winter peas .......................................................

 Dry edible beans .............................................................

 Dry edible peas ...............................................................

 Lentils .............................................................................

 Wrinkled seed peas ........................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............................................................

 Hops ...............................................................................

 Peppermint oil .................................................................

 Potatoes, all ....................................................................

 Winter .........................................................................

 Spring .........................................................................

 Summer ......................................................................

 Fall ..............................................................................

 Spearmint oil ...................................................................

 Sweet potatoes ...............................................................

 Taro (Hawaii) 2................................................................

3,567.0

86,482.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,404.0

350.0

3,135.0

1,241.0

6,633.0

(NA)

59,133.0

43,311.0

2,554.0

13,268.0

827.0

(X)

317.0

51.5

1,116.0

1.0

175.0

77,451.0

2,030.0

9,149.2

9,007.5

141.7

1,183.2

(NA)

(NA)

20.5

1,537.5

863.3

415.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,069.8

9.0

79.2

44.5

937.1

(NA)

109.6

(NA)

37,097.0

3,113.0

*79,620.0

5,605.0

59,755.0

21,227.0

38,528.0

1,379.0

293.0

3,103.0

252.0

5,520.0

254.0

49,868.0

34,485.0

2,428.0

12,955.0

814.0

(X)

314.0

49.8

1,081.0

0.9

165.5

*76,372.0

1,953.5

7,690.5

7,552.0

138.5

1,145.3

877.7

354.1

13.7

1,463.0

837.9

407.0

(NA)

6.3

39.7

69.8

1,045.0

8.7

73.7

43.0

919.6

20.5

97.7

0.4

* Revised.

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
8 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

 Barley ............................................................................... bushels

 Corn for grain .................................................................... bushels

 Corn for silage ........................................................................ tons

 Hay, all ................................................................................... tons

 Alfalfa ................................................................................. tons

 All other .............................................................................. tons

 Oats .................................................................................. bushels

 Proso millet ....................................................................... bushels

 Rice 1.......................................................................................cwt

 Rye ................................................................................... bushels

 Sorghum for grain ............................................................. bushels

 Sorghum for silage ................................................................. tons

 Wheat, all .......................................................................... bushels

 Winter ........................................................................... bushels

 Durum ........................................................................... bushels

 Other spring .................................................................. bushels

Oilseeds

 Canola ...............................................................................pounds

 Cottonseed ............................................................................ tons

 Flaxseed ........................................................................... bushels

 Mustard seed .....................................................................pounds

 Peanuts ..............................................................................pounds

 Rapeseed ..........................................................................pounds

 Safflower ............................................................................pounds

 Soybeans for beans .......................................................... bushels

 Sunflower ...........................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

 Cotton, all 1...........................................................................bales

 Upland 1............................................................................bales

 American Pima 1...................................................................bales

 Sugarbeets ............................................................................ tons

 Sugarcane ............................................................................. tons

 Tobacco .............................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

 Austrian winter peas 1..............................................................cwt

 Dry edible beans 1....................................................................cwt

 Dry edible peas 1......................................................................cwt

 Lentils 1....................................................................................cwt

 Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

 Coffee (Hawaii) ..................................................................pounds

 Hops ..................................................................................pounds

 Peppermint oil ....................................................................pounds

 Potatoes, all .............................................................................cwt

 Winter ..................................................................................cwt

 Spring ..................................................................................cwt

 Summer ...............................................................................cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................cwt

 Spearmint oil ......................................................................pounds

 Sweet potatoes ........................................................................cwt

 Taro (Hawaii) .....................................................................pounds

73.00

*164.90

19.30

2.47

3.35

1.98

67.50

33.70

7,085.00

27.80

69.40

14.50

44.40

44.20

44.90

45.10

1,811.00

(X)

23.60

991.00

3,412.00

1,700.00

1,462.00

44.00

1,554.00

774.00

763.00

1,353.00

25.80

34.40

2,325.00

1,328.00

1,733.00

2,045.00

1,440.00

(NA)

1,270.00

2,383.00

91.00

413.00

245.00

289.00

336.00

428.00

132.00

201.00

(NA)

227,323.0

*13,130,632.0

108,209.0

147,442.0

71,030.0

76,412.0

93,081.0

9,865.0

219,850.0

6,993.0

382,983.0

3,680.0

2,216,171.0

1,522,718.0

109,042.0

584,411.0

1,474,130.0

4,178.0

7,423.0

49,364.0

3,688,350.0

1,530.0

241,970.0

*3,359,011.0

3,036,460.0

12,401.3

12,011.0

390.3

29,519.0

30,151.0

823,290.0

182.0

25,360.0

17,137.0

5,859.0

874.0

8,000.0

94,677.9

6,379.0

431,425.0

2,132.0

21,321.0

14,469.0

393,503.0

2,698.0

19,647.0

4,000.0

* Revised.

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Yield in pounds.
Crop Production (March 2010) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2009 2010 2009 2010

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

 Barley .............................................................................

 Corn for grain 1...............................................................

 Corn for silage ................................................................

 Hay, all 2.........................................................................

 Alfalfa .........................................................................

 All other ......................................................................

 Oats ................................................................................

 Proso millet .....................................................................

 Rice ................................................................................

 Rye .................................................................................

 Sorghum for grain 1.........................................................

 Sorghum for silage ..........................................................

 Wheat, all 2.....................................................................

 Winter .........................................................................

 Durum .........................................................................

 Other spring ................................................................

Oilseeds

 Canola ............................................................................

 Cottonseed .....................................................................

 Flaxseed .........................................................................

 Mustard seed ..................................................................

 Peanuts ..........................................................................

 Rapeseed .......................................................................

 Safflower ........................................................................

 Soybeans for beans ........................................................

 Sunflower .......................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

 Cotton, all 2.....................................................................

 Upland ........................................................................

 American Pima ...........................................................

 Sugarbeets .....................................................................

 Sugarcane ......................................................................

 Tobacco ..........................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

 Austrian winter peas .......................................................

 Dry edible beans .............................................................

 Dry edible peas ...............................................................

 Lentils .............................................................................

 Wrinkled seed peas ........................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............................................................

 Hops ...............................................................................

 Peppermint oil .................................................................

 Potatoes, all 2..................................................................

 Winter .........................................................................

 Spring .........................................................................

 Summer ......................................................................

 Fall ..............................................................................

 Spearmint oil ...................................................................

 Sweet potatoes ...............................................................

 Taro (Hawaii) 3................................................................

1,443,530

34,998,400

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,377,560

141,640

1,268,700

502,220

2,684,310

(NA)

23,930,530

17,527,530

1,033,580

5,369,430

334,680

(X)

128,290

20,840

451,630

400

70,820

31,343,650

821,520

3,702,590

3,645,250

57,340

478,830

(NA)

(NA)

8,300

622,210

349,370

167,950

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

432,940

3,640

32,050

18,010

379,230

(NA)

44,350

(NA)

15,012,780

1,259,800

*32,221,420

2,268,290

24,182,250

8,590,350

15,591,900

558,070

118,570

1,255,750

101,980

2,233,890

102,790

20,181,080

13,955,730

982,590

5,242,760

329,420

(X)

127,070

20,150

437,470

360

66,980

*30,906,980

790,560

3,112,270

3,056,220

56,050

463,490

355,200

143,320

5,540

592,060

339,090

164,710

(NA)

2,550

16,080

28,250

422,900

3,520

29,830

17,400

372,150

8,300

39,540

180

* Revised.

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2

Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
10 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production - United States: 2009 and 2010 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield Production

2009 2010 2009 2010

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

 Barley .............................................................................

 Corn for grain ..................................................................

 Corn for silage .................................................................

 Hay, all 1.........................................................................

 Alfalfa ..........................................................................

 All other .......................................................................

 Oats ................................................................................

 Proso millet .....................................................................

 Rice ................................................................................

 Rye .................................................................................

 Sorghum for grain ...........................................................

 Sorghum for silage ..........................................................

 Wheat, all 1......................................................................

 Winter .........................................................................

 Durum .........................................................................

 Other spring ................................................................

Oilseeds

 Canola ............................................................................

 Cottonseed .....................................................................

 Flaxseed .........................................................................

 Mustard seed ..................................................................

 Peanuts ...........................................................................

 Rapeseed .......................................................................

 Safflower .........................................................................

 Soybeans for beans ........................................................

 Sunflower ........................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

 Cotton, all 1.....................................................................

 Upland ........................................................................

 American Pima ............................................................

 Sugarbeets .....................................................................

 Sugarcane ......................................................................

 Tobacco ..........................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

 Austrian winter peas ........................................................

 Dry edible beans .............................................................

 Dry edible peas ...............................................................

 Lentils .............................................................................

 Wrinkled seed peas .........................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

 Coffee (Hawaii) ...............................................................

 Hops ...............................................................................

 Peppermint oil .................................................................

 Potatoes, all 1..................................................................

 Winter .........................................................................

 Spring .........................................................................

 Summer ......................................................................

 Fall ..............................................................................

 Spearmint oil ...................................................................

 Sweet potatoes ...............................................................

 Taro (Hawaii) ..................................................................

3.93

*10.35

43.28

5.53

7.50

4.45

2.42

1.89

7.94

1.74

4.35

32.48

2.99

2.97

3.02

3.03

2.03

(X)

1.48

1.11

3.82

1.91

1.64

2.96

1.74

0.87

0.86

1.52

57.78

77.01

2.61

1.49

1.94

2.29

1.61

(NA)

1.42

2.67

0.10

46.27

27.47

32.43

37.71

47.96

0.15

22.54

(NA)

4,949,370

*333,533,420

98,165,550

133,757,130

64,437,330

69,319,800

1,351,070

223,730

9,972,230

177,630

9,728,220

3,338,440

60,314,290

41,441,590

2,967,640

15,905,060

668,650

3,790,220

188,550

22,390

1,673,010

690

109,760

*91,417,300

1,377,320

2,700,070

2,615,090

84,980

26,779,190

27,352,530

373,440

8,260

1,150,310

777,320

265,760

39,640

3,630

42,950

2,890

19,569,110

96,710

967,100

656,300

17,849,000

1,220

891,170

1,810

* Revised.

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Production may not add due to rounding.
Crop Production (March 2010) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production - United States: 2008-2010 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2009-2010 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2008 2009 2010

(1,000) (1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

 Grapefruit .....................................................................................tons

 Lemons .........................................................................................tons

 Oranges ........................................................................................tons

 Tangelos (Florida) .........................................................................tons

 Tangerines and mandarins ...........................................................tons

Noncitrus

 Apples .....................................................................................pounds

 Apricots ........................................................................................tons

 Bananas (Hawaii) ....................................................................pounds

 Grapes ..........................................................................................tons

 Olives (California) .........................................................................tons

 Papayas (Hawaii) .....................................................................pounds

 Peaches .......................................................................................tons

 Pears ............................................................................................tons

 Prunes, dried (California) ..............................................................tons

 Prunes and plums (excludes California) ........................................tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

 Almonds, shelled (California) ...................................................pounds

 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .........................................................tons

 Pecans, in-shell .......................................................................pounds

 Walnuts, in-shell (California) .........................................................tons

 Maple syrup ............................................................................. gallons

1,548.0

619.0

10,076.0

68.0

527.0

9,609.3

81.6

17,400.0

7,319.3

66.8

33,500.0

1,135.3

869.9

129.0

15.5

1,630,000.0

32.0

194,080.0

436.0

1,912.0

1,331.0

950.0

9,198.0

52.0

443.0

9,953.6

68.3

15,400.0

7,067.6

42.8

31,300.0

1,105.7

936.2

157.0

18.8

1,390,000.0

47.0

290,500.0

415.0

2,327.0

1,160.0

855.0

8,101.0

41.0

511.0

1 Production years are 2007-2008, 2008-2009, and 2009-2010.
12 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production - United States: 2008-2010 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2010 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2009-2010 season]

Crop

Production

2008 2009 2010

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

 Grapefruit ...................................................................................

 Lemons ......................................................................................

 Oranges .....................................................................................

 Tangelos (Florida) ......................................................................

 Tangerines and mandarins .........................................................

Noncitrus

 Apples ........................................................................................

 Apricots ......................................................................................

 Bananas (Hawaii) .......................................................................

 Grapes .......................................................................................

 Olives (California) .......................................................................

 Papayas (Hawaii) .......................................................................

 Peaches .....................................................................................

 Pears .........................................................................................

 Prunes, dried (California) ...........................................................

 Prunes and plums (excludes California) .....................................

Nuts and miscellaneous

 Almonds, shelled (California) ......................................................

 Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .......................................................

 Pecans, in-shell ..........................................................................

 Walnuts in-shell (California) .......................................................

 Maple syrup ...............................................................................

1,404,320

561,550

9,140,790

61,690

478,090

4,358,710

74,040

7,890

6,639,920

60,600

15,200

1,029,940

789,110

117,030

14,060

739,360

29,030

88,030

395,530

9,560

1,207,460

861,830

8,344,290

47,170

401,880

4,514,880

61,980

6,990

6,411,660

38,830

14,200

1,003,090

849,320

142,430

17,060

630,490

42,640

131,770

376,480

11,630

1,052,330

775,640

7,349,100

37,190

463,570

1 Production years are 2007-2008, 2008-2009, and 2009-2010.
Crop Production (March 2010) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
14 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

February Weather Summary

An odd weather regime, driven by El Niño and a high-pressure block over eastern Canada and the northern Atlantic 

Ocean, persisted through the end of February. El Niño contributed to an active sub-tropical jet stream, resulting in 

generally wet conditions from California into the Southeast. However, storm systems carried by the jet stream were 

prevented from quickly exiting the eastern United States by the high-pressure block, resulting in numerous slow-moving 

storms near the Atlantic Seaboard. The block also helped to drive cold air southward across the Plains, Midwest, and 

Southeast. Monthly temperatures generally ranged from 5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit below normal from the Plains into the 

Southeast, while above average values were noted in the Northwest and from the Great Lakes region into New England.

Historic snowfall totals were noted during February in the Mid-Atlantic States and neighboring areas, while typically rare 

Deep South snow was observed on several occasions. On February 12, snow briefly covered at least a portion of all 

48 contiguous states. In the Southeast, excessive moisture remained a concern with respect to the soft red winter wheat 

crop, which in some cases was already suffering due to late planting and poor establishment.

Farther north, much of the Midwest experienced another cold, snowy month. At times during February, snow covered the 

entire Midwest, although coverage was deepest and most persistent in the western Corn Belt. Upper Midwestern livestock 

continued to endure a very difficult winter, which began in earnest with a pair of December blizzards.

Meanwhile on the Plains, snow helped to insulate much of the hard red winter wheat crop, which continued to overwinter 

with no major concerns. On the southern Plains, February precipitation aided wheat which had been previously stressed 

by drier than normal conditions.

Elsewhere, California received another burst of beneficial precipitation toward month’s end, following a brief lull in 

storminess in early to mid-February. The Southwest also continued to receive drought-easing rain and snow. In contrast, 

unfavorably dry conditions and sub-par snow packs in much of the Northwest increased the likelihood of drought 

development and below average spring and summer runoff.

February Agricultural Summary

Abnormally cool temperatures blanketed much of the Nation during February. Due to a series of winter storm systems, 

average temperatures in several locations from eastern Texas through the Delta and Southeast fell to as many as 

12 degrees below normal. Conversely, the Pacific Northwest, Great Basin, Great Lakes, and northern Atlantic Coast 

continued to experience warmer than normal temperatures throughout the month, with recordings in Maine reaching as 

many as 12 degrees above average. While much of the country was unusually dry during February, portions of the 

Southwest, Texas, and several Atlantic Coast States received an abundance of precipitation. Elsewhere, below average 

moisture accumulation in areas of the Pacific Northwest and northern Rocky Mountains pushed the year-to-date deficit to 

50 percent or more below normal.

Wet weather and soggy field conditions across much of the South hampered fieldwork throughout the month, delaying the 

start of spring planting activities for some row crop producers. In Texas, corn and sorghum planting was underway in 

some regions but had yet to begin in others, leaving overall progress for both crops behind last year and the 5-year 

average. In areas of the Corn Belt, some remaining 2009 corn acreage was harvested as temperatures warmed slightly 

from January. Elsewhere in the Corn Belt, producers performed routine maintenance on farm equipment and finalized 

their planting intentions for 2010.

Arizona producers began seeding their small grain crops early in the month. Steady rainfall in Texas led to improved 

conditions in the winter wheat crop, while excessively wet fields in Florida and Georgia caused fertilizer leaching and 

slowed emergence and crop growth. By month’s end, emergence in Arizona’s barley and Durum wheat crops had reached 

75 and 95 percent, respectively. Winter wheat neared or entered the jointing stage in Georgia and Texas, while heading 

was evident in early planted oat, rye, and wheat fields in California.
Crop Production (March 2010) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Flooding and standing water stemming from rainfall in late January and early February caused rotting in some potato 

fields in Florida. As a result, producers in the Hastings area remained busy replanting their fields throughout the month. 

Dry weather mid-month promoted the start of cabbage and spinach harvest in South Texas. As February ended, early 

variety almond, cherry, peach, plum, and prune trees were in full bloom in California.

Crop Comments

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2009 is estimated at 30.2 million tons, of which 28.3 million 

tons was utilized for sugar and 1.87 million tons for seed. Total production for sugar and seed is unchanged from the 

previous forecast but up 9 percent from 2008. Sugarcane producers harvested 877,700 acres for sugar and seed in 2009, 

unchanged from February but up 1 percent from last year. Yield for sugar and seed is estimated at 34.4 tons per acre, 

unchanged from the previous forecast but up 2.6 tons from 2008.

Production in Florida is estimated at 14.1 million tons, unchanged from February but up 6 percent from 2008. Yield in 

Florida is estimated at 36.1 tons per acre, unchanged from the previous forecast. Estimates for Hawaii, Louisiana, and 

Texas were carried forward from January.

Corn and Soybeans: Survey respondents who reported corn acreage as not yet harvested in Illinois, Michigan, 

Minnesota, and Wisconsin and survey respondents who reported soybean acreage as not yet harvested in Georgia, North 

Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia during the surveys conducted in preparation for the Crop Production 

2009 Summary were re-contacted in early February to determine how many of the acres were actually harvested or still 

intended for harvest and to record the actual production from those acres. Based on this updated information, several 

changes were made to the estimates published in the Crop Production 2009 Summary. Because unharvested production is 

a component of on-farm stocks, changes were made to the December 1 on-farm stocks levels comparable with the 

production adjustments as well. Respondents with unharvested corn in North Dakota and South Dakota will be 

interviewed at a later date.

Corn harvested area declined 10,000 acres in Michigan, but was unchanged in Illinois, Minnesota, and Wisconsin from 

the Crop Production 2009 Summary. Yields in both Illinois and Minnesota decreased 1.0 bushel per acre, while yields in 

Michigan and Wisconsin were unchanged. As a result of these changes, corn production in the U.S. is estimated at 

13.1 billion bushels, down fractionally from the previous estimate.

Soybean harvested area was reduced 10,000 acres in Georgia, 20,000 acres in North Carolina, and 5,000 acres in South 

Carolina, but was unchanged in Virginia from the Crop Production 2009 Summary. Yields decreased 0.5 bushel per acre 

in South Carolina and 1.0 bushel per acre in Virginia, but were unchanged in Georgia and North Carolina. As a result of 

these changes, total U.S. production is estimated at 3.36 billion bushels, down slightly from the Crop Production 

2009 Summary.

Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2009-2010 U.S. grapefruit crop is 1.16 million tons, unchanged from the February 1 

forecast but down 13 percent from the 2008-2009 final utilization. Florida’s grapefruit production is forecast at 

18.8 million boxes (799,000 tons), unchanged from the February 1 forecast but 13 percent below last season.

The Florida all white grapefruit forecast is 5.30 million boxes (225,000 tons), unchanged from February 1 but down 

20 percent from the previous year. The colored grapefruit forecast, at 13.5 million boxes (574,000 tons), is unchanged 

from the February 1 forecast but 11 percent lower than last season. As of March 1, approximately 51 percent of the white 

grapefruit crop and 64 percent of the colored grapefruit crop had been harvested. California and Texas grapefruit 

production forecasts are carried forward from the February 1 forecast.

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 900,000 boxes (41,000 tons), unchanged from the February 1 forecast but down 

22 percent from last season’s final production. If realized, this will be the smallest tangelo crop since 1962, when Florida 

experienced a damaging December freeze.
16 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tangerines and mandarins: The U.S. tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 511,000 tons, unchanged from the 

February 1 forecast but 15 percent above the 2008-2009 crop. Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 4.00 million boxes 

(190,000 tons), unchanged from the February 1 forecast but up 4 percent from the previous season. Arizona and California 

tangerine and mandarin production forecasts are carried forward from the February 1 forecast.

Florida citrus: High temperatures were in the 70 to 80 degree range all month. Low temperatures were mostly in the 30s, 

with some in the upper 20’s. Harvesting of navel oranges was nearly finished. Harvesting of Murcott tangerines and 

Valencia oranges continued. Citrus bloom was observed on Valencia trees scattered throughout southern Hendry County 

at the end of the month.

Early, midseason, late oranges and grapefruit made up the majority of fruit going to processing plants. Grove activities 

included harvesting, mowing, applying fertilizer, and removing brush.

California citrus: Satsuma and Clementine mandarins, navel oranges, tangerines, and grapefruit were picked in the 

Central Valley. The lemon harvest continued in the Desert Region. The Valencia orange crop continued to develop and 

regular orchard maintenance took place.

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: During the first part of February, trees and vines experienced increased dormancy 

due to cool temperatures. Maintenance work continued in vineyards and orchards. Vineyard maintenance included 

pruning, shredding, tying, cultivating, and applying dormant sprays, while orchard maintenance focused on pruning and 

herbicide applications. Blooming occurred in plum, prune, peach, and cherry trees. Stone fruit grafting took place in the 

San Joaquin Valley. By the end of the month, early almonds were in full bloom and late varieties were approaching half 

bloom. Brown rot remains a concern due to recent increased moisture levels. Most growers have applied protective sprays 

to limit the impact of bloom disease. Walnut trees received herbicide applications, while the harvest of nursery fruit and 

tree nuts continued.
Crop Production (March 2010) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Survey Methodology

Survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the March 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which 

accounts for nearly 75 percent of the U.S. production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season based 

on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on administrative data or special 

surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In September and subsequent 

months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which are combined with the previous 

components to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a 

quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September 

for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.

Estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, 

reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were 

also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural 

Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published March 1 forecast.

Revision policy: The March 1 production forecasts will not be revised. A new forecast will be made each month 

throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in 

September. The production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including 

information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization 

and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the March 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the March 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean 

Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the 

final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing 

recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the March 1 orange production forecast is 2.6 percent. However, if you exclude the 5 

abnormal production seasons (3 freeze seasons and 2 hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 2.0 percent. 

This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final 

estimates by more than 2.6 percent, or 2.0 percent excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent 

confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 4.4 percent, or 3.5 percent when excluding abnormal seasons.

Changes between the March 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 215,000 tons 

(203,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 18,000 tons to 520,000 tons (18,000 tons to 503,000 tons, 

excluding abnormal seasons). The March 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 

11 times (below 7 times and above 8 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the March 1 

forecasts this year are likely to understate or overstate final production.
18 Crop Production (March 2010)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information.

Lance Honig, Chief...................................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Jacqueline Moore, Head............................................................................................(202) 720-2127

 Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice............................................................................(202) 720-7688

 Shiela Corley – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings.............................................................(202) 720-5944

 Bryan Durham – Hay, Oats, Sorghum .................................................................(202) 690-3234

 Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed .............................................(202) 720-9526

 Nick Schauer – Wheat, Rye .................................................................................(202) 720-8068

 Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops...........................................(202) 720-7621

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds......................................(202) 720-7369

Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section

Jorge Garcia Pratts, Head..........................................................................................(202) 720-2127

 Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

 Strawberries.....................................................................................................(202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...................(202) 720-4288

 Dawn Keen – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ............................(202) 720-4215

 Steve Maliszewski – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Tropical Fruits..............................(202) 720-5412

 Tierra Mobley – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ........................(202) 720-4285

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mints,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ......................(202) 720-3250

 Kim Ritchie – Hops..............................................................................................(360) 902-1940
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 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: www.nass.usda.gov. 

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