PEARS: Production of all pears in the U. S. is now forecast at 669 thousand tons (607 thousand

metric tons), up 2 percent from the July 1 forecast but 15 percent below the 1977 crop
Bartlett pear production in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at 422 thousand tons
383 thousand MT), 22 percent below last year's output. Harvest in California is progressing
well. Weather has been favorable for sizing the Washington crop. Harvest began in early August
and is expected to be in volume by mid-month. Picking in Gregon’s Medford and Hood River areas
is expected to begin about mid-August

Production of pears other than Bartlett in the Pacific Coast States is placed at 203 thousand
tons (184 thousand MT), 4 percent more than the 1977 crop. Oregon‘s Anjou crop has good prospects
while the Bosc outlook was reduced earlier jn the season by poor pollination weather. Harvest is
expected to get underway in early September. Harvest of Washington's crop is expected to start
in late August. Weather has been ideal for sizing,

GRAPES: The first forecast of the Nation's grape crop placed production at a record 4.61 million
tons (4.18 million metric tons). This is 7 percent greater than last year's total and
5 percent above the 1976 production. Prospects in California improved during July to a record-
setting 4.10 million tons, up 8 percent from last month and 3 percent higher than the previous two
seasons. Prospects for raisin varieties increased from July 1 to 1.85 million tons, but still fall
below the 1976 and 1977 totals. Maturity is ahead of last year and laying will begin near mid-
August. Sugar content is very high this year. Wine grape expectations soared to a record 1.83
million tons, up 17 percent from last season and 38 percent above the 1976 total. Vines have good
foliage cover and berry sizes are large. California table grapes are now forecast at 425 thousand
tons, up 21 percent from July 1, but 13 percent under the 1977 crop. Sugar content is high with
large, good quality fruit. Maturity is running ahead of last season.

The New York crop, at 190 thousand tons, is 88 percent above last year's freeze-damaged out-
put and 3 percent over the 1976 total. The crop is in good condition. In Washington, grapes are
forecast at a record 155 thousand tons, 47 percent above last year's total and 34 percent higher
than in 1976. Vines overwintered in good condition and spring weather was favorable for bloom and

pollination,

PRUNES AND PLUMS: Production of prunes and plums in Idaho, Michigan, Oregon and Washington is

forecast at 65.5 thousand tons (59.4 thousand metric tons), up 7 percent from
last year's total but off 15 percent from the 1976 crop. After two years of spring freeze damage,
Michigan's crop is expected to rebound to 23.0 thousand tons in 1978. The crop is in good condi~
tion although coo) weather wil] delay harvest. Washington's crop benefited from a mild winter
and good bloom and pollination weather. Harvest of the early varieties was underway in Tate July
with good size and quality. In Oregon, picking of Early Italians will begin at Milton-Freewater
in early August. Wind and heavy set has caused some limb breakage. The Italian crop is light in
the Willamette Valley where mite infection and leaf spot have plagued orchards. Picking of
Idaho's crop will atso begin in early August.

PAPAYAS: Hawaii papaya production during August is forecast at 4.90 million pounds (2220 metric

tons), a 12 percent decrease from the duly estimate of 5.60 million pounds (2540 metric
tons). The decline in production is expected to continue through September when 4.30 million
pounds (1950 metric tons) are expected. Production should then increase during October and
November with forecasted levels of 5.30 and 5.60 million pounds (2400 and 2540 metric tons),
respectively. During the August-November period, production is expected to be below last year's
jevel for the comparable months

July's total area in crop, estimated at 3165 acres (1280 hectares), is unchanged from June
but is 3 percent more than’ last July. Of the total area in crop, 67 percent was actively har-
vested last month.

WALNUTS: The 1978 California walnut crop is forecast at 170 thousand tons (154 thousand metric

tons), unchanged from the July 1 forecast and 11 percent less than the 1977 crop. In
spite of adequate water supplies, leaf development has not been as good as growers would like.
This has caused sunburn in some orchards.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-20 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


mOPS:

STATE 1 AREA HARVESTED ‘ YIELD t PROOUCTION 17
i t t IND f ' + IND 1 + IND
4 1976 4 1977 3 1976 1 1976 § 1977 1 1978 3 1976 8 1977.4 1978
1 12000 ACRES POUNDS 1s000 POUNDS
1
CALIF 3 15 15 165 12660 1630-19630 2944S 21465
IDAHO 5 360 209 207 19720 19770-29720 59133 49644
ORES 1 erry 565 Be5 19660 19690 = 19650 90295 99075
WASH t 2160 2006 2163 19960 19840 19850 = 41 9160 379904 = 399405
us 1 3069 3005 Ble0 19870 19796 19793 S7e774_—— 549777 559569
1/7 1978 QUANTITIES AVAILABLE FOR MARKET WILL BE GOVERNED
BY REGULATIONS ISSUED UNDER FEDERAL MARKET ORDER 991.
APPLES» COMMERCIAL Vv
‘ _ PRODUCTION ' PRODUCTION
cROP : POUNDS 4 42 LB. EQUIVALENT
‘AND : TOTAL aft INDICATED? Yor AL TINDICATED
STATE yo is7e tt 1977 1978 976 F977: 1978
¢ MILLION UNITS T+000 UNITS
ALL COMMERCIAL APPLES t
ARK wt 11.0 2had aso 262 sty 333
CALIF : 480.0 48000 500.0 119629 319429 115905
coLo 3 7440 7500 5040 16762 19786 14190
CONN ' 3340 4600 4700 786 149095 lelig
OEL ws 1340 1365 1405 310 321 345
GA we 22.0 2260 2460 "524 524 571
IDAHO 1 12560 BSo0 12540 21976 29026 2976
TLL t 86.0 10B60 9300 29048 20571 29214
IND t 25.0 S260 6060 895 14238 16429
TOwA we 660 10.7 1005 143 255 250
KANS ve vers 1660 1365 271 381 321
KY wt 1460 2200 15.0 333 $24 357
MAINE ' 7560 9260 78.0 19786 29190 14857
“0 3 6360 7000 7760 19500 14667 14833
Mass t 9540 9500 10140 29262 21262 24405
MICH ' 48060 57000 77000 119429 139571 189333
MINN wet 23.5 1969 25.0 560 414 595
MO i) 50.0 5800 4760 19190 19381 19119
NA : 57.0 5800 5900 14357 15381 19405
uJ ' 9060 29143 39095 29143
N MEX wt 3060 714 738 786
NY 1 82040 199524 219429 230810
NC t 26540 64310 69429 74026
OHIO : 10540 29500 19548 39452
OREG 1 17060 410468 34500 30571
PA t 360.0 89571 109952 91524
RI 1 563 126 132 143
sc ws 23.0 548 sos 452
TENN ae 4 8.0 190 238 179
UTAH weet 4020 952 delis 833
vT ’ 47.0 19119 10219 19143
va : 59048 69905 106714
WASH ' 549953 499048 = 5.34572
wova : 4aT62 40643, SsT\6
wis ' 19238 19333 19524
us F 6947942 6965506 7495600 1544269 1589467 175414)

1/7 IN ORCHARDS OF 100 UR MORE BEARING AGE TREES.
2/ INCLUDES UNHARVESTED PRODUCTION AND EXCESS CULLAGE
(MILLION POUNDS) UNITED STATES 1976-6435 1977*29e64
3/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FURWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-21 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



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CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978



In the Southeast, production of 2.51 billion pounds is expected, 9 percent more than last
year. Acreage for harvest is set at 816 thousand acres, down 2 thousand from last year. Indi-
cated yield is 3070 pounds, 256 pounds more than a year ago. Peanut condition is good in Alabama
Dry weather in early July has been overcome by recent rains. The Georgia crop is in good con-
dition and is blooming and pegging freely. Both diseases and insects appear to be under control.
The Florida crop is making good progress after a slow start. Moisture has been ample and vines
are growing rapidly. Recent rains in South Carolina have helped the crop considerably after a hot,
dry July.

The Southwest area peanut crop is expected to total 647 million pounds, 6 percent less than
the 1977 crop. Harvested acreage is virtually unchanged from last year. Indicated yield for the
area at 1503 pounds, is 98 pounds below last year’s average. Dryland crops in Texas have been
hurt by Tack of soil moisture, but recent rains in several large producing counties have improved
prospects. irrigated crops are in good condition. Harvest is beginning in parts of south Texas

COTTON: All cotton production is forecast at 11.8 million bales, 18 percent below 1977. Expected
Production consists of 11.7 million bales of Upland cotton, down 18 percent, and 79.4

thousand bales of American-Pima cotton, down 29 percent. Cottonseed production for 1978 based

on a three year average lint-seed ratio is forecast at 4.59 million tons (4.16 million metric

tons), 17 percent below 1977

Cotton acreage planted in 1978 is estimated at 13.0 million acres (5.28 million hectares),
down 1 percent from the June Acreage Report, Plantings of American-Pima cotton totaled 70.1
thousand acres and are 7 percent below 1977, Planted acreage by States js: Arizona and Texas
30.0 thousand each; New Mexico, 10.0 thousand; and California 100 acres.

Producers expect to harvest 12.3 million acres (4.97 million hectares) of al) cotton this
year compared with 13.3 million last year, a decrease of 8 percent. Abandonment is expected to be
near normal or above. Average lint yield per harvested acre is forecast at 462 pounds compared
with 520 pounds produced in 1977.

Texas and Oktahoma Upland cotton production is forecast at 4.09 million bales for 1978, a
decrease of 31 percent from last year. Acreage for harvest is estimated at 6.65 million acres, a
decrease of 5 percent. Harvest is underway in the Rio Grande Valley and South Texas. E]sewhere
in Texas and Oklahoma, the crop is under stress from lack of moisture and hot temperatures.
Moisture is urgently needed, particularly on the dryland acreage of the High and Low Plains of
Texas.

In the Delta States - Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, Tennessee, and Missouri - a crop
of 3.01 million bales is forecast, 21 percent below last year. Area for harvest is down 15 per-
cent from 1977, Although the crop appears to be one to two weeks late, it is progressing
satisfactorily. Plants are blooming heavily in the top and setting bolls, but plants are shorter
than normal. As insect numbers have increased, spray control measures have begun. General rains
are needed.

Production in the Southeastern States - Georgia, Alabama, South Carolina, and North Carolina -
is forecast at 530 thousand bales, up 2 percent from the poor 1977 crop. Acreage for harvest
in this area is 24 percent less than last year. After a slow beginning, favorable conditions
during July improved crop prospects. The crop is fruiting freely while insect infestation
remains relatively light. Some spraying has begun.

The California, Arizona and New Mexico Upland crop is forecast at 4.11 million bales, up
2 percent from 1977, Acreage for harvest is up 1 percent from last year. The crop is making
satisfactory progress, however, it is one to two weeks late.

The Bureau of the Census reports 143,791 running bales ginned to August 1 compared with
85,466 bales ginned to the same date in 1977 and 47,194 hales ginned to August 1 in 1976,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-14 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


Oats:

STATE 1 AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELO PRODUCTION

' 7 ’ IND ¢ ¥ T INO ¢ 7 TNO

4 1976 4 1977 1978 11976 ! 1977 + 1978 3 1976 4 1977 3 1978

t ¥+000 ACRES BUSHELS 19060 BUSHELS

'
ALA st 25 25 25 3700400 10 925 19025 1,025
ARK 1 55 50 50 7840 ©7060 7400 49290 39500 39700
CALIF of 100 104 2000-4950 5240 S060 49900 59304 52000
COLO 1/3 50 31 33 47.0 4640 4600 29350 19426 19518
FLA 2/1 12 12 50.0 4540 600 540
GA vs 60 55 65 5340 5040 5040 39180 29750 39250
IDAHO 1/t 43 45 47 Si 57.0 5640 29608 29565 29632
TLL : 380 340 290 61.0 = 58.0 200740 169820
IND : 200 150 165 53.0 5540 79950 99075
OWA : 11400 19375 19275 59.0 5640 819125 714400
KANS : 200 210 130 45.0 38.0 8+400 99450 49940
Ky Vet 10 9 8 35.0 4200 350 us 336
tA 2st 9 7 54.0 468 378
MAINE 1/t 28 30 32 50.0 5640 19400 19500 19792
MO et 22 22 23 53.0 54.0 19210 19166 19242
MICH , 385 340 360 55.0  S4e0 = 199635 18 #700 19944
MINN ' 24060 29360 +950 68.0 59.0 94760 = 1619840 = 1150080
MISS 2/1 13 13 45,0 546 ses
cr) : 136 345 490 50,0 3940 59440 79250 19560
MONT ' 157 140 240 40.0 4940 79536 59600 119760
NEBR t 660 670 450 58,0 4660 279720 389860  20+700
NEV 208 3 4 55.0 144 220
Ns Ist 38 9 8 43.0 4400 408 387 352
NY z 315 290 300 53,0 5960 179325 159370 179700
nc t 80 75 90 42.0 53.0 39760 39150 49770
N DAK ot 19280 19500 15320 40.0 5500 449840 609000 725050
OHIO : 500 420 400 $9.0 59.0 289500 249780 239600
OKLA : 105 130 120 46.0 3640 49725 59980 49320
OREG z 70 B80 7S 65,0 6060 39850 59200 4sS00
Pa : 355 350 340 53,0 52.0 189105 169550 179680
sc ss 65 5S 65 46.0 5140 2.925 20530 39315
SOAK 4 19420 29450 29210 54.0 4700 = 420600 §=— 1324300 © 103870
TENN 1/8 2s 25 25 43.0 4200 19125 19075 19050
TEX : 390 600 430 40.0 32.0 144430 249000 139760
UTAH 1/8 12 10 43 55.0 5600 684 550 754
vA it 3h 34 36 44.0 4700 14488 19496 19692
WASH 3 35 35 32 43.0 57.0 19960 19505 19824
wVA lst 14 12 12 41.0 4740 630 492 564
wis r 1,280 19170 14150 65.0 6200 = $54040 = 76050 7 300
wyo 1/8 53 4s $2 38.0 4740 2438 19710 29444
us #129946 139447 11,951 S566 5363 5460315 7479914 6369785

1/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST,
2/ ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

B-4

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


PEACHES

: PRODUCTION : PROUUCTION
cROP : POUNDS $ 48 LB, EQUIVALENT
AND ‘ TOTAL, TINDICATEDE TOTAL TINOICATED
STATE 44976: 1977 _t_ 44978 ts 1976 977 _ ti 978
: MILLION UNITS 14000 UNITS
PEACHES ‘
ALA at 14.0 1060 1540 292 208 313
ARK ava 4200 4000 3860 875 833 192
CALIF =FREESTONE ' 46400 47660 40 99667 96917 89333
coLo + 1 18.0 302 375 104
CONN et 600 8s 12s 104
DEL at 264 33 50 so
GA ars 90.0 40167 19875 29500
IDAHO ass 1265 250 260 229
Tu ' 900 417 _ 188 375
INO are 1.0 11s ai 146
KANS at 9.0 83 188 167
ky ar al 188 2 229
La ars 665 146 135 146
MO : 21.0 375 438 458
MASS ars 365 69 13 73
MICH ’ 55.0 833 19146 1250
MISS ae 400 104 83 83
TMO aa 200 469 229 500
NJ ' 11060 19667 20292 15667
NY : 1360 198 271 333
nc est 3540 $2) 729 833
OHIO eet 360 313 63 27
OKLA at 1000 167 208 229
OREG art 18.0 1340 313 375 271
PA : 9540 85.0 1.875 16979 16771
sc 5 275.0 27000 59625 59729 59625
TENN ert 80 Bee 167 167 175
TEX eet 48.0 4000 354 19000 833
UTAH art 1840 1240 375 375 250
VA + 1960 40.0 3 396 833
WASH : 4140 41.0 1,042 B54 854
wova ' 1540 2860 313 313 sea
TOTAL f L982200 1948300 1045846 = 319713 = 300897 = 30 386
PEACHES CLINGSTONE yee
CALIF 1 19498.0 1950860 19150.0 315208 319417 235958
ALL PEACHES '
us t 390200 2999100 2960866 62921 629314 549344
1/ INCLUDES UNHARVESTED PRODUCTION AND EXCESS CULLAGE
(MILLION POUNDS)! UNITED STATESs 1976=223,671977=15.86
2/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST.
3/ CALIFORNIA CLINGSTONE IS OVER THE SCALE TONNAGE AND
INCLUDES CULLS ANO CANNERY OLVERSTONS (MILLION POUNDS)
4 1976-15440019779115606
WALNUTS:
STATE 3 PRODUCTION
c] TOTAL 1 t INO
3 1976 3 1977 $ 1978
T TONS
?
CALIF 3 1839000 1924000 1704000
OREG wi 700 500
TOTAL 1 1835700 1929500 1709000

1/ ESTIMATES OTSCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

B-22

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


RELIABILITY OF AUGUST 1 PRODUCTION FORECASTS

Crop production forecasts in this report are based primarily on yield surveys taken about
August 1. The yield surveys included mailed reports from farmers for all crops and actual field
observations and measurements for corn, soybeans, cotton and wheat. Farmers provided appraisals
of crop conditions and probable yield information for crops on their farms and for their locali-
ties. Objective yield surveys provided smal1 plot observations, counts and measurements in a
probability sample. These surveys are subject to sampling and non-sampling type errors that are
common to all surveys. More importantly, the forecasts are subject to change due to weather dur-~
ing the remainder of the season and other factors that directly affect final production but cannot
be measured currently,

To assist users in evaluating the reliability of production forecasts in this report, the
“Root Mean Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is shown below for
selected crops. This is computed by expressing the deviations between the August 1 production
forecasts and the final estimates as a percent of the final estimates and averaging the squared
percentage deviations for the 1958-77 twenty year period; the square root of this average becomes
statistically the "Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made concerning expect-
ed errors in the current forecasts relative to the final end of season estimates, assuming that
factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years‘
forecasts.

For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the August 1 corn for grain forecast is 6.1
percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 6503
million bushels will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 6.1 percent or approx-
imately 397 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the dif-
ference will not exceed 10.5 percent or approximately 683 million bushels.

Also shown in the table is a 10-year record far selected crops of the differences between the
August 1 forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the
August 1 forecast and the final estimate during the 10-years have averaged 261 million bushels,
ranging from 9 million to 632 million bushels. During this 10-year period the August 1 forecast
has been below the final estimate 6 times and above 4 times.

RELIABILITY OF AUGUST 1 CROP PRODUCTION FORECASTS

TEN YEAR RECORD OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN

ROOT MEAN SQUARE ERROR FORECAST AND FINAL ESTIMATE

CROP AND UNIT t > 90% CONFIDENCE = 7 NUMBER OF YEARS

:PERCENT : LEVEL : QUANTITY : BELOW —: ABOVE

: iPERCENT :QUANTITY:AVERAGE :SMALLEST:LARGEST : FINAL: FINAL

: == MILLION -----=---

FEED GRAINS 1/ TON 2/ : 5.0 8.6 WV 7 1 16 5 5
CORN BU : 6.1 10.5 683 261 9 632 6 4
SORGHUM " 1 8.6 14.8 10532 2 69 3 7
OATS " : 42 Te 4624 2 56 2 8
BARLEY « 7 4.5 7.8 34 14 0 35 6 4
ALL WHEAT " : 19 3.3 6024 3 58 3 7
WINTER . : 17 2.9 36 15 1 38 3 7
DURUM " : 8.1 14.0 19 3 0 6 5 5
OTHER SPRING " 7.2 12.4 54 17 4 36 5 5
RICE CWT : 4.4 7.6 10 4 0 7 5 5
SOYBEANS BU 2 47 8.1 14356 1 114 7 3
COTTON BALES 3/:: 7.7 13.3 1,570 714 58 1,795 3 7

/ CORN, SORGHUM, OATS AND BARLEY.

2/ UNIT OF PRODUCTION IS IN METRIC TONS.
3/ QUANTITY IS IN THOUSANDS OF BALES.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-S CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



POTATOES

SEASONAL GROUP | AREA HARVESTED fl YIELO ' PRODUCTION _
AND 1 T T IND 1 T TTND 1 7 T_IND
STATE {1976 $ 1977 14 1978 | 1976 | 1977 1 1978 | 1976 {| 1977 1 1978

r T9000 ACRES CHT T.000 CwT
(
WINTER }
TOTAL ws 14eh 1364 12.6 © 207 199 220 20984 = 2660 29766
‘
SPRING '
1
TOTAL wt 98.4 9164 90.7 251 250 199 249722 224870 18028
'
SUMMER !

ALA ’ 8.2 5 8.0 145 100 140 14189 790 14120

CALIF ' 801 BG 7.9 360 360 375 29916 = 39024 «= 2963

coLo t 75 668 6.6 265 265 265 19988 14802 146749

DEL ' 568 Sed 5.3 200 210 21s 19160 de113 16140

TUL , 2.8 2.3 1.8 190 200 205 $32 460 369

IND ( 2e1 2e1 2.0 185 175 175 389 368 350

Towa ' 25 2el 1.6 185 225 200 463 473 320

«oO ‘ 1.8 166 1.5 170 150 150 306 240 225

MICH ' 766 7.8 8.3 170 185 175 19292 19443 14453

MINN t 840 75 7.0 250 ©9278 280 24000 21063 149960

NEBR ' a2 261 1.8 160 150 150 352 315 270

NJ 1 766 Bel 8.0 260 265 245 19976 29147 19960

N MEX ' 362 209 367 180 190 200 576 55) 740

NC 1 460 460 4.0 125 125 125 500 500 500

OHIO ’ 1.9 1.8 1.66 210 190 200 399 342 320

TENN ! 4.7 465 44 95 90 90 GAT 405 396

TEX 1 906 1063 11.2. 245230 205 29352 24369 2296

VA 1 2865 27.7 28.00 (123 125 110 39506 3463-34080

WVA 27 { 266 24 76 64 198 154

1
TOTAL 4 11867 115.2 112.7 190 191 188 229541 210982 = 219211
1
FALL ww

CALIF ! 18.5 17.0 350-350 66475 54950

covo 1 36.3 3665 255 260 99257 99490

CONN ‘ 19 19 260 245 494 466

IDAHO*}0 SW CO | 3560 30.0 325 300 119375 94000
SOTHER CO} = 32860 330.0 235 240 779080 794200

IND ' 6.0 4e7 255 240 19530 14128

MAINE {11260 11840 245 240 270440 © 284320

MASS, ‘ 345 367 220 240 770 888

MICH ( 3460 32.0 2465 275 84330 © 8800

MINN 1 6760 7240 165 180 115055 120960

MONT 1 864 Be 215 240 19806 29016

NEBR ' 49 600 260 240 192746 19440

NEV I 14.0 14.0 380 340 59320 49760

NH 2a 1 +o 3 260-235 104 7

N YeLONG IS 1 2369 22.8 310 315 74409 74182

sUPSTATE 1 24.9 20.6 245 260 6101 59356

N DAK t 12460 135.0 140 160 165960 214600

OHIO ‘ 1405 ALe2 255 245 29933 2y 744

OREG-MALHEUR CO | 1140 1040 370-355 49070 39550
<OTHER CO} 54.6 50.0 455 440 249843 224000

PA 1 2800 25.5 255 250 7140 69375

RI ! be Gel 250 230 15050 943

S DAK ( 46 5.9 65 180 286 14062

UTAH ' Se2 509 240 240 Le2au 19416

vT ' del 1.0 205 = 235 226 235

WASH 1 12460 11000 450 460 551800 504600

wIs 1 5300 5565 290 328 159370 164038

wo ' 6.3 667 270 220 19701 19474

TOTAL UZ 1924300 1913867 269270 3079427 3074064
i}

us 11937465 1,358.7 1436404 260 261 357674 354,576
T

1/ ESTIMATE FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECASTs
2/ ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP.
3/ 1977 REVISED. YIELO AND PRODUCTION FOR 1978 TO BE RELEASED OCT lle 1978,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-18 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


AREA PLANTED, 1978; UNITED STATES, 1975-77

SPRING WHEAT :

DURUM

STATE CORN SOYBEANS SORGHUM =: OTHER THAN WHEAT COTTON RICE
: RUM
7,000 ACRES
ALA 640 2,000 65 ‘ 360.0
ARIZ 70 75 9 :
ARK 40 4,850 230 830.0 1,180.0
CALIF 420 20 120 1,620.1 510.0
COLO 900 490 38
CONN 3 53
OEL 195 240
FLA 430 4a 3.8
GA 1,700 1,750 80 150.0
IDAHO 123° 450
TLt 11,000 9,250 80
IND 6,100 4,150 28
TOWA 13,100 7,550 45
KANS 1,770 1,480 4,800
KY 1,500 1,500 7 3
LA 65 3,000 30 515.0 585.0
MAINE 50
MO 690 350
MASS 43
MICH 2,600 820
MINN 7,000 4,100 2,680 100
MISS 190 4,000 50 1,180.0 200.0
¥O 3 2,400 5,600 900 216.0 25.0
MONT : 88 1,900 300
NEBR : 6,900 1,300 2,100
NEV : v7 13
NH : a7
Ng : 140 190
N MEX : 90 300 140.0
NY 1,300 7
Nc 13720 1,670 U5 47.0
N DAK 600 190 6,300 3,300
OHIO 3 3,850 3,750
OKLA 140 330 700 580.0
OREG 45 136
PA 1,550 70
RL 4
sec 590 1,510 29 110.0
S_DAK 3,250 365 460 2,300 195
TENN 800 2,530 50 300.0
TEX 1,500 800 5,700 6,630.0 540.0
UTAH 92 25
vT : We
vA : 780 450 25 2
WASH 3 vo 320
WA : 93
WIS 3 3,600 . 220 16
wyo 3 87 24
us : 78,517 64,443 16,596 14,204 4,110 13,047.7 3,040.0
YEAR UNITED STATES
T,000 ACRES
1977 > 82,680 59,080 16,994 15,641 3,183 13,694.5 2,261.0
1976 > 84,374 $0,226 18,402 17,786 4,768 Vi, 665.5 2,489.0
1975 : 78,583 54,550 18,104 14,075 4,830 9,492.6 2,833.0
CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-1 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


OURUM WHEAT

STATE t AREA HARVESTED + YIELO 2 PRODUCTION
' 7 t IND t t Inde t ? TNO
1 1976 ¢ 1977 3 1978 t 1976 3 1977 3 1978 3 4976 3 4977 3 1978
' 19000 ACRES BUSHELS Ts000 BUSHELS
’
ARIZ 1/8 319 8s 91 75,0 7220 70.0 239925 69120 69370
CALIF 173 80 28 11s. 80,0 75.0 70.0 62400 29100 6+C50
MINN + 93 82 95 29.5 34.5 34.0 2a74G 20829 39230
MONT 1 295 220 290 29,0 2260 3360 89555 49840 99570
N MEX L/t vw 4 0 79,0 74.0 9.0 15190 296 Q
N DAK of 39620 20470 39200 25.0 2465 3260 909500 609515 1029400
S DAK ¢ 160 136 185 10,0 24.0 2400 14600 39264 41440
us $ 41584 34025 3976 29.4 2604 33.7 1349914 799964 1340060

1/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD

2/ BEGINNING 1978 INCLUDED IN WINTER WHEAT.

OTHER SPRING WHE ST

FROM EARLIER FORECAST.

STATE 't AREA HARVESTED t YIELD 2 PRODUCTION

t ? ¥ Tw ¢ ¥ + IND ¢ 3 A TNO

2 1976 2 1977 3 4978 t 1976 t 1977 2 1978 ¢ 1976 + 1977 3 4978

t 19000 ACRES BUSHELS 19000 BUSHEL:

:
COLO 1st 40 2 32 40.0 40.0 4060 19000 19280
1DAHO 2 S40 360 435 Sa. $1.0 S520 139360 239925
MINN r 34800 39140 24610 32.5 40.0 3760 1259600 960570
MONT 4 25040 24040 15850 29.8 2260 3020 609180 449880 556500
NEV iss 13 12 15 39.0 50-0 45.0 907 600 675
N OAK : 75900 69680 6s100 24.5 2540 3140 1939550 1674000 1895100
OREG 1/1 ala 70 130 3740 3460 3660 4el@l 29380 44080
S DAK 3 1860 29200 29170 11.0 23.5 2340 209460 519700 499910
UTAH L/t 42 24 23 31.0 24.0 32.0 1s302 ste 736
WASH s 315 185 310 3660 33.0 3600 119340 69105 119160
WIS ss eg is “4 3040 3340 310 870 495 436
#YO Vt 35 21 2l 25,0 2040 2500 B75, 420 82s
us iu 169727 149772 13-710 26.8 2864 ‘3167 4479525 4199116 4349495

1/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST.

WHEAT: PRODUCTION BY CLASSES, UNITED STATES
z WINTER A ‘SPRING
YEAR; HARD SOFT 7 WARD TOTAL
RED 1 RED WHITE; RED DURUM WHITE
: ,000 BUSHELS
1975 + 1,058,063 326,208, 256,125 326 59% 123,362 32,107 2,122,459
1976 + 975,840 336,555 247,528 411,127 134,914 36,398 2,142,362
1977 : 993,072 341,334 192,307 397,479 79,964 21,637 2,025,793
1978 1/ + 845,168 199,408 203,829 402,482 134,060 32,013 1,816, 960

IP INDICATED AUGUST T, 1978,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


SORGHUM FOR GRAIN

STATE AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELD + PRODUCTION

i T t IND ¢ ¥ tT _IND + 7 1 IND

: 1976 ¢ 1977 3 1978 + 1976 1 1977 ¢ 1978 ¢ 1976 ¢ 1977 3 1978

, 19000 ACRES 6USHELS 19000 BUSHELS

1
ALA + 31 27 28 3560 2760 3540 19085 729 980
ARIZ i a 90 70 7320 80.0 78.0 61643 79200 S460
ARK 1 310 252 200 50.0 52.0 50.0 153500 1391046 105000
CALIF y 210 132 190 7340 149910 99636 139300
cOLO 1 259 273 275 31-0 79252 A463 89525
GA 1 4s 24 4s 26.0 1993S 672 19665
TLL a 67 64 65 64.0 39953 49096 49095
IND 1 21 is 16 78.0 19407 19170 15104
TOWA ' 26 32 30 74.0 19690 29368 29400
KANS t 35950 41050 4,000 6060 1699850 2439000 2069000
KY 1 29 32 22 57.0 149740 19824 de2lo
La : 28 20 16 33.0 980 660 496
MISS t aL 24 20 32.0 AsS1? 768 700
MO fy 660 840 800 73.0 391600 619320 599200
NEBR : 20100 20130 19900 7160 1199700 1515230 1314100
N MEX 199 238 238 48.0 11940 LLea2a 135090
NC t 90 72 79 3740 49590 29664 49108
OKLA ' 565 565 500 38.0 161950 219470 192000
sc : 15 12 14 16.0 510 192 420
S DAK sy 152 343 300 4960 39496 169807 149100
TENN 1 23 20 26 5160 19196 19020 19326
TEX 1 5800 4800 4600 48.0 46.0 2929900 2309400 2114600
VA fy M 10 12 4320 47.0 473 430 56a
us ' 149723 14065 134446 5602 53.0 7190817 7900647 7129443

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

B-3

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS,



AREA PLANTED» POTATOES

SEASONAL GROUP

'
1977 1

MW
HW

SEASONAL GROUP

‘
1977 '

| '
ANO ‘ 1978 ANO ' ‘1978
STATE 1 1 ty STATE 1 1
i T9000 ACRES nm V 19000 ACRES
im 1
WINTER ' im) !
t nN 1
TOTAL wt 13.6 1266 tt MONT } 865
1 (1 NEBR ' 662
SPRING { ‘1 NEW 1 14.0
1 1h NH 3 1 3
TOTAL wi 9268 919 Il N Y*LONG ISLAND | 23.0
' ay UPSTATE 4 27.5
SUMMER ' ai N DAK 1 13760
i} ia OHIO ' lle?
TOTAL wt 118.7 11503 (| OREG=MALHEUR CO | 1061
' rf) <OTHER COO S002
FALL ZA 11 PA ' 2840
CALIF 1 17.3 1t RT ' Gel
COLO ‘ 38.0 (tS DAK ' Gt
CONN 1 109 {1 UTAH ( 660
IDAHO=10 SW CO 1 32.0 I vT ' 1.0
sOTHER CO} 338.0 (} 0 WASH 1 110.0
IND ‘ 4.0 Vb WIS ' 5860
MAINE ' 120.0 ho WYO 1 700
MASS ' 365 " l
MICH ! 35.0 I TOTAL Wt LehTZew
MINN ‘ 7340 zi !
1 ii y $ 241__1,397.5
1/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST.
2/ 1977 REVISED.
3/ ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP,
SwEETPOTATOES
STATE , AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELD 4 PRODUCTION
f T t 7 T 7 IND? 7 7 TNO
2 1976 3 19774 29781 1976 % 3977 1 (1978 3 1976 3 1977 3 2978
+ 19000 ACRES Cw 7,000 CHT
t
ALA ' 5.5 5.3 5.5 90 as 8s 495 651 468
ARK ' 1.5 168 78 76 76 17 122 137
CALIF 766 8.5 155 150 170 19178 19170 14445
GA ‘ 569 6.0 120 90 110 708 495 660
ta 1 2920 27.0 95 90 5 26755 29430 25565
MD t 166 14 155 155 160 248 248 224
MISS ot 960 960 90 85 90 810 680 810
) ' 2.3 2.7 415 105 110 265 252 297
NC : 3340 3700 130 135 235 49290 49455 45995
sc t 205 22 86 31 85 215 209 187
TENN ' 29 2.8 105 100 100 305 280 280
TEX ' 1065 8.5 105 95 60 14103 903 $10
vA + 665 Gel 145 125 140 943 700 854
us ' 117.8 118.5 ls 110 113 139432 120395 13,432
CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-16 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



Early season prospects in Michigan indicate one of the best crops in recent years with very
little insect damage occurring thus far, In Minnesota, the crop is growing well. Moisture is
adequate in most of southern Minnesota and in most of the Red River Valley, although a few areas
could use some additional moisture to maintain growth.

Cool weather during July has cut tonnage prospects somewhat in Montana. Heavy rainfall in
Nebraska has eased irrigation demands and some hail damage has occurred. North Dakota's crop is
in good condition but additional moisture would be welcomed. In Ohio, beets were in need of
moisture with those on high ground wilting. However, most of the crop was not yet showing sev-
ere stress.

July weather in Oregon has been excellent for crop development. Texas growers were actively
irrigating on the High Plains as a result of the hot dry July weather. Sulfur was being applied
to combat powdery mildew. Powdery mildew is also showing up in Washington fields along with
armyworms, but growers are applying sprays.

SUGARCANE: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 27.3 million tons (24.8

million metric tons), up 2 percent from the 26.8 million tons (24.3 million MT) pro-
duced in 1977. The 1978 crop is expected to be harvested from 753 thousand acres (305 thousand
hectares), one percent below the 759 thousand acres (307 thousand hectares) harvested last year
The average yield per acre is forecast at 36.3 tons compared with 35.3 in 1977.

Florida sugarcane prospects are good to excellent. Moisture has been adequate during the
summer months and cane is growing very rapidly. Cane damaged by the January freeze has made good
recovery.

The crop in Louisiana is making good growth due to recent rains and hot temperatures. How-
ever, Sugarcane development is behind normal at this point, due to slow growth earlier this year
caused by the lack of rainfall. Reports indicate borer infestations to date have been light.

Rainfall during July in Hawaii has been adequate. The cane fields are in fairly good condi-
tion, The Kauai district of Hawaii, where drought conditions existed early in the year, received
showers beneficial to the cane crop.

MINT FOR GIL: The 1978 peppermint for oi1 crop is forecast at 5.86 million pounds (2.66 thousand

metric tons), 33 percent above a year earlier. Acreage for harvest at 104 thou-~
sand acres (42.3 thousand hectares) is up 20 percent from last year and higher yields are fore-
cast for all States. Harvest has begun in most States,

The spearmint for oil crop is forecast at 3.01 million pounds (1.37 thousand MT), up 29 per-
cent from 1977. Acreage for harvest is 27 percent above last year. Higher yields are expected
in Idaho, Indiana, and Wisconsin with yield expected to be down in Washington and unchanged in
Michigan,

HOPS: The Nation's hop crop is forecast at 55.6 million pounds (25.2 thousand metric tons), up

one percent from last year's production but 4 percent below 1976. Acreage for harvest,
at 31.0 thousand acres (12.6 thousand hectares), is 500 acres above the 1977 acreage. Yield is
expected to average 1793 pounds per acre, slightly less than a year ago.

Washington, which accounts for over two-thirds of the U. S. crop, expects 4 percent more
production than last year. Acreage is up from a year ago and yield prospects are slightly better
Bloom and pollination weather was generally favorable for cone set. Despite some mildew problems,
hop yards are in good to excellent condition. Harvest is expected to start the week of August 27

Idaho's acreage and yield are both down from last year resulting in a 10 percent drop in
production. Oregon's production is down 2 percent because of a Tower expected yield. Warm
weather the latter part of July speeded development of the crop in both States, but harvest is
still expected to start somewhat later than usual

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-18 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


U.S. CORN AND SOYBEANS
August 1 Forecast as Percent of Final Production
PERCENT OF FINAL

Com

110 - 4

100

gob
80 oe a | \ i n i 1
1966 1968 1976 1972 1974 1976
usa

SORGHUM: Grain sorghum production, forecast at 712 million bushels (18. million metric tons),

is down 10 percent from last year's production and 23 percent less than the record high
1973 crop of 923 million bushels (23,5 million MT).

Acreage to be harvested for grain, forecast at 13.4 million acres (5.44 million hectares),
is down 4 percent from last year's 14.1 million acres (5.69 million hectares) and 32 percent less
than the record high 19.7 million acres (7.97 million hectares) set in 1957. Yield per acre is
forecast at 53.0 bushels, compared with last year's yield of 56.2 bushels per acre. The record
high yield of 60.7 bushels was set in 1972, Based on conditions as of August 1 Kansas yield pros-

pects are 8 bushels below last year's yield, and Nebraska and Texas prospects are each down 2
bushels,

Texas grain sorghum harvest reached 53 percent by the end of July, which compares with 39
percent last year and the 34 percent average. Dryland stands on the Texas plains suffered from
lack of moisture. heading advanced northward and by August 1, 25 percent of the crop was headed
in Nebraska and Oklahoma and 10 percent in Kansas.

OATS: Production of the 1978 oat crop is forecast at 637 million bushels (9.24 mitlion metric
tons}, 15 percent below last year, but 17 percent above 1976, Yield is expected to
average 53.3 bushels per harvested acre, 2.3 bushels below 1977. Both lower yield and an 11 per-

cent decrease in acreage intended for grain contributed to the lower production forecast.

Development of the 1978 oat crop was slowed jn July by wet weather in the major oat produc-
ing States. Harvest in the northern producing area was hampered by wet fields and lodging and
has just gotten underway. Grasshopper damage was reported in the southern and western areas of
Nebraska. Oat harvest in’ Texas was completed in duly.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-10 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


ALL OTHER HAY

state AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELO ‘ PRODUCTION
' 3 7 IND 3 7 T IND + 7 7 IND
: 1976 3 1977.4 1978 t 1976 $ 1977 1 1978 ¢ 1976 3 1977 1978
t T+000 ACRES TONS Ts000 TONS
7
ALA 4 650 630 650 1470 1.60 1.70 19105 19008 16105
ARIZ ' 38 40 38-2450 2640 250 95 96 95
ARK ! 680 710 71514660 1470 1.60 1.088 19207 19146
CALIF 530 530 520 1680 = 2400 1.90 954 19060 988
COLO ‘ 660 626 670 3.35 1630 1.35 891 813 90S
CONN ‘ 66 63 61 1.60 1.80 1280 106 113 110
OL ‘ is 16 15 1490 1.80 29 26 27
FLA 4 219 226 226 1.95 1.95 427 4S2 44a)
GA ' 450 470 475 2430 2.00 19035 752 950
1OaHO 5 290 296 299 2400 2.00 580 607 598
TLL 4 460 460 480 1.90 2600 874 897 960
IND s 500 475 470 1.90 1.95 950 998 917
IOWA ' 640 500 540 2620 2630 16408 19100 19262
KANS s 19275 19280 192460 1.40 1045 19785 2e1l2 19798
Ky 5 14330 19360 14390 1.80 1.80 25396 29448 29502
tA ' 362 362 347 1.90 1.90 688 688 659
MAINE 3 192 192 191 2.00 1.50 384 288 287
MO ‘ 180 175 182 2610 378 333 400
MASS : 94 92 90 = 2600 188 175 i7d
MICH ' a0 300 290 1665 $12 405 $22
MINN ' 14060 940 920 1410 19166 19316 19564
MISS 1/3 650 650 624 1.70 19105 19138 1,092
MO ' 24850 24880 2900 1.35 39848 49176 46495
MONT 1 14040 14070 19140 1.35 19404 15391 15653
NEBR : 29150 29130 24150 0685 19828 29024 29043
NEV t 280 240 270 1420 336 276 324
NH 4 Th 10 68 1.80 133 133 129
NJ ' 68 6S 66 = 1460 109 124 129
N MEX 4 67 70 71 1.20 80 84 as
NY 1 19410 19360 39400 1.90 20679 2eaiz 2,520
NT t 335 334 343 1440 469 484 532
N OAK + 1,600 19540 195500499 19584 19309 14783
OHIO : 990 950 950 1695 14931 19758 14995
OKLA 1 19260 19375 19200 1645 19827 29200 14680
OREG ot 640 615 625 1460 19024 984 14063
PA : 14060 14090 14090 1.80 19908 19746 20017
RI 1 6 5 5 1467 10 8 9
sc t ais 220 222 200 430 396 433
S$ DAK of 25000 24060 29100 0.50 19000 21266 24310
TENN t 16115 19125 19130 1645 19617 19575 19639
TEX : 14950 21070 29150 2620 43290 39830 34655
vTAM 1 120 119 12) 1675 210 214 206
vT ' 360 345 350 1.80 648 535 595
VA ‘ 86S 850 900 1.25 19081 935 19575
WASH 1 369 373 381 1.75 646 671 686
wa 4 515 500 500 1430 670 650 750
WIS : 970 940 920 1655 15504 19927 20026
wo : 700 620 660 1.10 770 589 726
us t 330660 330608 330695 1.491652 1.59 509178 500627 53,533

1/ BEGINNING 1978 INCLUDES ALFALFA AND ALFALFA MIXTURES.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-13 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


PEANUTS FOR NUTS

STATE 1 AREA HARVESTEO st YIELD ‘ PRODUCTION _
: t + IND? 7 INO # t 7 TNO
Hi 1976 + 1977 ¢ 1978 t 1976 t 1977 § 1978 ¢ 1976 ¥ 1977 ¢ 1978
fy 15000 ACRES POUNDS: 19000 “POUNDS
:
ALA ' 216.0 215-0 21560 29400 29600 513600 5894100 559,000
FLA t $560 $5.0 $360 3,000 39200 1659000 170+500 1695600
Ga i 526.0 526.0 526.0 29955 39300 195549330 154990100 197359600
MISS ' 8.5 720 668 15450 19550 129325 114550 109540
N MEX + 5 Fee 906 29280 29300 219660 254380 224080
NC t 166.0 16600 166-0 2,655 29600 4409730 4444050 4314600
OKLA ' 120.0 120.0 120.0 2.050 10950 2469000 2679600 2349000
sc 4 15.5 150 1562 15590 29000 249645 315200 309400
TEX ry 304.0 30060 301.0 19525 19300 4631600 3949500 3919300
vA ’ 10340 10360 103.0 35000 20950 3090000 2939035 3035850
us + 152165 1951606 1951566 294665 29457 29565 397509890 3726%015 398680170
COTTON
STATE ~
ano AREA HARVESTED | t YIELD : PRODUCTION 1/
CROP t t Tt IND ¢ a t IND'¢ ’ t IND
11976 4 1977 1978 | 1976: 1977 $ 1978 1976 ¢ 1977 3 1978
' 19000 ACRES POUNUS T+000 BALES 27
UPLAND.
+ 420.0 39500 34000 399 337 395 34940 27760 28000
+ 340.0 515.0 538.0 19178 997 981 834.0 1907040 1910020
iy 950.0 93000 78060 392 534 $11 776.0 1903520 83000
+ 2482060 1939040 15610.0 15064 964 987 2482.0 2790.0 2490000
t S14 425 467
: 398 232 443
: 258 420
' 474 $83 485
1 376 S8i $26
t 305 431 453
: 738 598 102
: $23 603 480
‘ 489 305 G10
' 251 402 340
: 438 342 4se
1 295 407 410
' 353 407 291
t . 480 194 480
4 10986961 464 519 461
COTTON» AMER=PiMA
ARIZ + 804 138 706
CALIF : 640 269 460
N MEX : 476 621 419
TEX ‘ 446 74? 463
us : 692 Te4 ses
COTTON» ALL
us 10091365 13927923 125281,5 46S 520 462 10558066 14938942 11981909

1/ PRODUCTION GINNED AND TO BE GINNED.
2/7 GB0LB, NET WEIGHT aaLes.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-10 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


SULY WEATHER

duly weather was dominated by two events. First, a series of cool air outbreaks moved from
the northern Plains to New England. As the cool air moved eastward, it was replaced by hot
humid air from the Gulf until the next cool outbreak. The second persistent event was an exten-
sion of the Bermuda high which reached from the mid-Atlantic States to Texas. This brought warm,
moist air northward to encounter the cooler air and set off some severe weather.

A low pressure system was located over southern Minnesota at the beginning of the month.
Heavy rain inundated the already wet southern area of Minnesota and moved on to ITlinois,
southern Michigan and into Pennsylvania.

During the week of July 3-9, the low center moved through Pennsylvania and spread rain into
southern New England. A high pressure area marked the cool air behind the storm system. North-
eastern U S received cool, partly cloudy days. However, the back side of the high pressure
brought warm moist air from the Gulf of Mexico northward through the Plains resulting in wide-
spread thunderstorm activity in the central and northern Plains and the lower Mississippi Valley.
Hot weather continued throughout the Plains until another push of cool air moved into the Dakotas
at the end of the week,

By Monday, July 10th, the cool air had moved rapidly southward and eastward with showers and
isolated thunderstorms occurring along the front marking the leading edge of the cooler air. The
northern Plains and the Northeast had a cool week but the south central States were hot. Heavy
rain was recorded from Missouri to Florida, along the southeast coast, and in North Carolina and
parts of Virginia. Most of the West was warm. Showers and thunderstorms were reported from
Arizona to Colorado,

In the week beginning July 17 a slow moving cold front trekked from Montana to New England.
Heavy rain and thunderstorms occurred from Nebraska to Wisconsin and parts of Minnesota. Severe
local flooding was reported in these States as rain fell in excess of three inches. Thunder-
storms were a daily occurrence along the Gulf Coast and welcome showers dampened portions of the
Texas Panhandle. Hot weather held sway over much of the Nation. The mercury climbed to over
100° in Texas and the Southwest. Early in the week temperatures reached the mid 90's in the
northern Plains and by mid-week were near 90° in the Pacific Northwest.

During the last week of the month some rain fell in nearly all the Nation. A trough of low
pressure in the Southwest and a cool front moving through the Northwest caused shower activity
in much of the West with some isolated heavy showers in parts of Arizona and Nevada.

Elsewhere, the lower Mississippi Valley, the Ohio Valley, the southern Appalachians and the _
Gulf Coast bore the brunt of the severe weather. Parts of Alabama, Kentucky and Florida measured
downpours of over 5 inches.

As the month ended some relief from the heat was felt in the South but the central Plains
approached 100° and the mid 90's reached northward into South Dakota.

CROP DEVELOPMENT

Corn developed rapidly in the Corn Belt during July advancing well into the silk stage by
August 1 with some early stands in the dough stage. Development lagged only slightly behind the
average but well behind last year in many States. Silking ranged from 50 to 81 percent in the
eastern North Central States compared with 65 to 100 percent last year and the average of 50 to
96 percent. I]linois and Indiana reported some corn in the dough stage. Silking ranged from 36
to 81 percent in the western North Central States. Last year silking ranged from 90 to 100 per-
cent and the average is 56 to 79 percent. Missouri set the low side of the range and was far
below most other States. Some Kansas corn reached the dough stage. Southern States advanced
well into the dough stage ranging from 46 to 95 percent. Harvest was underway in Florida,
Georgia, and Texas by the end of July.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-7 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


1 Good to excellent
ED Poor to fair
Very poor

ED Severe drought
DBD Extreme drought

CONDITIONS.
usDA,

PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITIONS*

August 1, 1978

‘44S REPORTED bY
CROP CORRESPONDE!

* INDICATES CURRENT SUPPLY OF PASTURE FEED FOR GRAZING ON NON- IRRIGATED PASTURES AND
RANGES RELATIVE TO THAT EXPECTED FROM EXISTING STANDS UNDER VERY FAVORABLE WEATHER

NEG. ESCS 72-78(8)

PASTURE AND

FC)

ra
o

N
oN

Good to excettent
[2d Poor to fair

22 very poor

EDI Severe drought
WEE Extreme drought

CONDITIONS, _
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

KAO

Le
Bray
CA

RANGE FEED CONDITIONS*

August 1, 1977

ANG
4g

~y
a)

AS REPORTED BY
(CROP CORRESPONDENTS

INDICATES CURRENT SUPPLY OF PASTURE FEED FOR GRAZING ON NON-IRRIGATED PASTURES AND
RANGES RELATIVE TO THAT EXPECTED FROM EXISTING STANDS UNDER VERY FAVORABLE WEATHER

NEG. SRS 70-7748)

ESCS

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


PASTURE AND RANGE FEED: Pasture and range feed condition on August 1 averaged 77 percent for the
48 contiguous States. This is 13 points above 1977 but 1 point below
the 1967-76 average for this date.

Most of the Nation reported good to excellent pasture conditions. However, extreme drought
conditions still persist in southwest Texas. Georgia and Colorado atso have sma\\ drought areas.
Very poor pasture conditions were recorded in southeast Kansas, southern and western Oklahoma,
northwest areas of South Carolina, northwest New York and eastern Michigan.

APPLES: The Nation's commercial apple crop is forecast at 7.36 billton pounds (3.34 million

metric tons), a 3 percent improvement from last month and 11 percent above last season's
total. Prospects increased during July in the West and East, while declines were registered in
the Central region.

Production in the Eastern States is expected to total 2.95 billion pounds, up 2 percent from
duly 1 and well above the Tast two seasons. New York's crop, at 1.00 billion pounds, remains 11
percent above last year and 22 percent over the 1976 total. Apples are developing well with im-
proved sizing as a result of July rains, The Pennsylvania crop, at 400 million pounds, improved
5 percent since July 1 but lags 1977 by 13 percent, July weather was favorable for growth and
sizing, partially offsetting earlier frost damage and poor pollination. The New England crop in-
creased 1 percent from last month, although some orchards remain dry and sizing is slow. Crop
improvement in West Virginia and continued good prospects in Virginia resulted from favorable
July weather and adequate moisture. Harvest of early varieties is underway in Virginia, although
running about a week late.

In the Central States, 1978 apple production is forecast at 1.26 billion pounds, off 1 per~
cent from a month ago but well above the last two years. Michigan's large crop, at 770 million
pounds, is sizing well with adequate moisture and quality is expected to be excellent. The Ohio
crop continues to make good progress. Sizes are larger than normal and weather damage has been
minimal. Prospects in Indiana and I}linois declined during July, while apples in most other
States in the region continued to develop normally.

The Western States now expect apple output to total 3.14 billion pounds, a 5 percent improve-
ment from July 1 and 7 percent above the 1977 crop. In Washington, producing nearly one-third of
the US total, prospects increased to 2.25 billion pounds during duly. This is 5 percent above a
month earlier and 9 percent more than was produced in 1977. The crop is developing extremely
well and sizes are expected to be larger than last year. Growers finished thinning operations
during July. The California crop improved to 500 million pounds. Earlier disease problems are
under contro? and fruit is sizing well. Picking of early varieties is currently underway. In
Oregon, expectations slipped 3 percent since July 1 to 150 million pounds. Good quality and
sizes are expected in Milton-Freewater and Hood River.

PEACHES: United States peach output is now forecast at 2.61 billion pounds (1.18 million metric

tons), up 2 percent from July 1 but 13 percent less than the 1977 production. Ex-
cluding California Clingstone peaches, the crop is expected to total 1.46 billion pounds, a 3 per-
cent improvement from a month ago but 2 percent below last year

The Clingstone crop in California, at 1.15 billion pounds, is about one-fourth Jess than the
last two seasons and the smallest crop in two decades. Hot weather caused rapid fruit development
and harvest operations are moving along at full capacity. Some overripening is occurring but brown
rot and splitting problems are minimal. California's Freestone crop, at 400 million pounds, is
unchanged from last month but Jags last season by 16 percent. Fruit quality has been reduced by
scarring and high cullage is resulting from splitting, disease problems and smal) sizes.

The South Carolina crop improved 17 percent during July to 270 million pounds, only slightly
below last season's total and equal to the 1976 level. Harvest is nearing completion in most areas
of the State. Earlier hail damage reduced the volume of the Blake variety but the volume of other
varieties was increased with July rainfall. Picking of Michigan's crop is underway with good sizes
and quality expected. Harvest of New Jersey peaches is 1-2 weeks behind normal and prospects are
highly variable. Favorable Pennsylvania weather improved peach sizes and picking of early varieties
is in progress. Virginia and West Virginia expectations remain well above the last two seasons.
tarvest is running later than normal but the size and quality of this year's peaches are generally
good.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-19 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


U.S. FEED GRAINS PRODUCTION

MIL-METRIC TONS

CORN
5

0

1966 1969 1972 1975 1978
Co NG Crm me 07

CORN FOR GRAIN: Production of corn for grain is forecast at a record 6.50 billion bushels
(165 million metric tons}, 6 percent above the July 1 forecast and 2 percent.
above the record set last year.

Crop prospects as of August 1 indicate an average yield per acre of 96.1 bushels, an
increase of 6.0 bushels from July 1 and 5,1 bushels above the 1977 yield. The August 1 yield
forecast is 0.9 bushel below the record of 97.0 bushels per acre set in 1972

AtY major corn States posted an increase in prospective yield from July 1. Missouri showed
the largest increase, up 10 bushels, followed closely by Iowa up 9 bushels, I1linois up 8 bushels,
and Indiana up 7 bushels. Forecast yields were up 4 bushels in Ohio and 3 bushels in Minnesota.
In the Southern States yields were generally higher than estimated a month earlier.

Acreage for grain is estimated at 67.7 million acres (27.4 million hectares), ‘down 1 percent
from July 1 and down 3 percent from 1977, In the Corn Belt, harvested acres were reduced by 100
thousand acres in both Indiana and Missouri as growers did not complete their intended plantings.
Grain acreages also were reduced in Georgia, South Carolina, Texas and Wisconsin.

The crop made rapid progress during July throughout the Corn Belt. By month's end, develop-
ment lagged only slightly behind the average but still well behind last year in many States.
Silking ranged from 50 to 81 percent complete in the eastern North Central States compared with
65 to 100 percent last year and the average of 50 to 96 percent. I1linois and Indiana reported
some corn in the dough stage.

In the western North Central States, silking ranged from 36 to 81 percent with Missouri,
the lowest State, far below most other States. Last year silking ranged from 90 to 100 percent
in the western Corn Belt and the average range is 56 to 79 percent

Southern corn advanced well into the dough stage with the percent of the crop in dough

stage ranging from 46 to 95 percent by States. Harvest was underway in Florida, Georgia and
Texas by the end of July. .

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-9 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



BARLEY

STATE t AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELD t PRODUCTION

f t + IND ¢ t t IND ¢ * 3 TNO

$ 1976 + 1977 3 1978 : 1976 % 4977 3 1978 ¢ 1976 ¢ 1977 + 1978

+ 19000 ACRES BUSHELS 19000 BUSHELS

’
ARIZ t $7 ss 37 76.0 76.0 74.0 40332 41180 20738
CALIF ' 19010 950 950 56.0 56.0 48.0 569560 53200 454600
coro ’ 245 230 235 5500 59.0 550 130475 139570 129925
OEL we 25 20 23 4800 42.0 4520 19200 B40 19035
GA ant 6 7 4500 37,0 270 259
1OAHO t 800 850 820 54.0 47.0 58.0 439200 399950 475560
Tht Me 10 9 9 4000 4200 41.0 400 378 369
INO) 2/8 9 8 4200 378 320
KANS : 68 6s so 35-0 36.0 20380 29340 19800
KY Vt 23 2 24 3700 42.0 851 19150 1,008
“Oo ' 90 70 90 4900 49.0 GeGl0 39570 49410
MICH 1/8 19 19 19 4600 4760 B74 988 893
MINN ' 860 19030 1,010 4160 50.0 355260 529530 504500
MO ark 8 8 3200 256 296
MONT ' 29170 1520 19450 4405 45.0 529065 559480 650250
NEBR 1/t 40 4 33 3640 40.0 19440 19530 19320
NEV ve 16 19 20 5460 60.0 864 19235 19200
NJ we 20 17 18 4900 50.0 980 B16 900
N MEX 1/2 ry 26 26 31.0 19224 19326 19326
NY ve 9 10 10 4540 396 440 450
nec lve 60 Ss 59 51.0 29340 29200 35009
N DAK ' 29140 29530 2400 47.0 814320 989670 1129800
OHIO 1/3 ul M 10 4940 $72 561 490
OKLA , 3 120 80 34.0 31066 #9200 29720
OREG 1 160 190 185 4960 79360 84930 92065
Pa ' 125 125 125 46.0 59375 6#250 $e750
sc us 20 al 24 49.0 720 840 10176
S DAK t 350 640 s6s 38.0 50950 269880 210470
TENN 1/3 43 13 13 37.0 36.0 46) S07 496
TEX t s2 85 40 39.0 27.0 29028 34400 15080
UTAH 1 126 15 133 55.0 56.0 69930 69210 79448
vA + 92 92 101 48.0 5000 49416 49048 59050
WASH , 390 350 380 54.0 5500 215060 99450 2059900
wVA Mt 9 9 lo 42.0 4540 378 378 450
wis vs 32 29 a7 40.0 4920 19280 19566 19323
wo : 135 133 130 62.0 61.0 89370 79315 79930
us a 8:297 99490 99106 44,9 4804 3729461 4159803 4609439

1/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARO FROM EARLIER FORECAST,
@/ ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-§ CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


CROP PRODUCTION [Q2««
Released: a 1378 Economics, acs &

US. Department
of Agriculture

Washington, D.C.
20250

HIGHLIGHTS,

ALL_WHEAT production is placed at 1.82 billion bushels (49.4 million metric tons),
0 percent less than last year but 1 percent above last month. Winter wheat
prospects declined 2 percent from July ? while Durum increased 12 percent and
Other Spring. increased 7 percent. The 90 percent confidence interval for this
production is 1.76 to 1.88 billion bushels.

FOOD GRAIN production (wheat, rye and rice combined) is expected to total 56.4 mil-
lion metric tons, 6 percent less than in 1977.

CORN production is forecast at a record 6.50 billion bushels (165 million metric
tons), 6 percent above the July 1 forecast and 2 percent above the previous
record set last year. The 90 percent confidence interval for this production
is 5.82 to 7.19 billion bushels.

SORGHUM GRAIN production is forecast at 712 million bushels (18.1 million metric
tons), down 10 percent from last year.

FEED GRAIN production (corn, sorghum, oats and barley combined) is forecast at 202
million metric tons, fractionally above last year.

SOYBEANS production is forecast at a record high 1.77 billion bushels ‘(48.0 million
metric tons), 3 percent larger than the 1977 crop. The 90 percent confidence
interval for this production is 1.62 to 1.91 billion bushels.

QILSEED production (soybeans, cottonseed, peanuts and flaxseed combined) is forecast
at 54.2 million metric tons, 1 percent more than last year.

ALL COTTON production is forecast at 11.8 million bales, 18 percent below 1977.
The 90 percent confidence interval for this production is 10.3 to 13.4 million
bales.

PLANTED ACREAGE estimates for specified 1978 crops are
shown on page B-1. Revisions have been made for some
States and crops from estimates published June 30, 1978
in the ACREAGE report. Revisions are based on data
from special surveys, objective yield surveys, and ASCS
data. A special follow-up survey to the June Acreage
survey was made in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri
and Ohio to measure any change in intentions for late
plantings of corn, soybeans and sorghum grain.

CrPr 2-2 (8-78) For Information Call: (202) 447-2127



OTHER SPRING WHEAT: The forecast of production of spring wheat other than durum in 1978 is 434
million bushels (11.8 million metric tons), 4 percent above the 1977 crop
but 3 percent below 1976. A decrease of 7 percent in harvested acres is expected to be offset by
an increase of 3.3 bushels in average yield per acre, resulting in a net increase in production
from last year. Area for harvest at 13.7 million acres (5.55 million hectares) compares with
14.8 million acres (5.98 million hectares) in 1977 and 16.7 million acres (6.77 million hectares)
in 1976. The expected yield of 31,7 bushels per harvested acre is up from 28.4 bushels last year
and 26.8 bushels in 1976.

Harvest of the 1978 other spring wheat crop has begun in the North Central States, well be-
hind last year and also later than normal. Combining in South Dakota was 22 percent complete by
August 1, behind the normal 36 percent. The North Dakota harvest was just getting underway with
1 percent complete compared with a normal of 4 percent, while Minnesota was 3 percent complete
goupared with an average of 19 percent. Harvest is just starting in lower dryland areas of

lashington.

Conditions have been generally favorable for development of the crop with moisture levels
remaining mostly adequate, although late seeded wheat in North Dakota could use additional rain.
Development has advanced rapidly in Idaho, where there has been little precipitation recently in
dryland areas. Wheat has been somewhat slow to ripen in Minnesota while hot weather has hastened
development in North Dakota. Conditions are varied in Washington with heavy rains causing soil
erosion in the southeast.

RICE: The first production forecast for the 1978 rice crop is placed at a record high 136 mil-

lion hundredweight (6.19 million metric tons), 38 percent above last year and 6 percent
above the previous record high--128 million hundredweight (5.83 million MT) in 1975. Most of the
increase from last year can be attributed to a sharp increase in acres for harvest although yields
are a little above last year.

Acreage harvested is expected to be 34 percent above 1977 with increases ranging from 8 per-
cent in Texas to 77 percent in Mississippi. Nationally, 3.02 miltion acres (1.22 million hectares)
are expected for harvest.

Average yield is forecast at 4518 pounds, up 106 pounds from last year. All States except
California expect yields above last year. Harvest is underway on the Texas and Louisiana Gulf
Coast. Heavy rains caused lodging of stands in Texas which has slowed harvest. Louisiana harvest
is slightly ahead of last year.

RYE: The 1978 rye production is forecast at 28.6 million bushels (726 thousand metric tons),

68 percent above last year's 17.0 million bushels (432 thousand MT), and up slightly from
the July | forecast. Yield prospects improved from last year in many areas and nationally are
expected to average 26.7 bushels per harvested acre compared with the 24.5 bushel yield last
year.

Acreage harvested and to be harvested for grain is expected to total 1.07 million acres (433
thousand hectares), 54 percent above last year's record low harvested acreage, and unchanged
from July 1. Of the five major producing States, only Nebraska and Minnesota expect lower yields
than last year. Harvesting progressed northward during July and by August } was into the Dakotas
and Minnesota. However, harvest is considerably later than last year and is later than normal
except in North Dakota. Grasshoppers caused severe damage in some localities of Nebraska.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-12 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


BARLEY: Production for 1978 is forecast at 440 million bushels (9.59 million metric tons), up

6 percent from last year and the largest since 1971. Yield per acre is forecast at a
record 48.4 bushels per acre which is 4.6 bushels above last year and exceeds the previous record
of 45,8 bushels set in 1971.

July weather was very favorable in the northern barley producing States. Yield prospects
improved from the July 1 forecast for North Dakota by 7 bushels, Montana and Idaho each 6 bushels,
South Dakota 3 bushels, and Minnesota by 2 bushels. Yield prospects in California declined 5
bushels.

Harvest is later than last year's early crop but not far behind average. Harvest is in full
swing in North Dakota, Minnesota and South Dakota. Some lodging has occurred. Montana's crop is
maturing a little behind average. California's crop deteriorated during the month due to disease
and high temperature.

ALL WHEAT: Production of all wheat is forecast at 1,82 billion bushels (49.4 million metric

tons) compared with 2.03 billion bushels (55.1 million metric tons) produced last
year, This 10 percent decline was caused by a ‘sharply reduced harvested acreage. The August
forecast is up 1 percent from July 1 as a result of improved prospects for spring wheat, which
more than offset a lower winter wheat estimate.

Average yield of all wheat is indicated at 32.1 bushels per harvested acre compared with
30.6 bushels last year. Growers have harvested or expect to harvest 56.5 million acres (22.9
million hectares), 15 percent less than last year.

WINTER WHEAT: Production of winter wheat is forecast at 1.25 billion bushels (34.0 million metric
tons), down 18 percent from last year's 1.53 billion bushels (41.6 million MT).
This is down 2 percent from the July | forecast.

Nationally, the average yield per harvested acre is expected to be 32.7 bushels, up 0.6
bushel from last year. The crop will be harvested from 38.8 million acres (15.7 million hectares),
20 percent fewer than last year.

Favorable harvest weather moved into the Plains States in early July and allowed rapid cutting
in central and southern Plains as well as other southern States which had been plagued by rain
during June. By mid-July, harvest was virtually complete in the Southwest, Southcentral, and South-
east. On August 1 harvest was just starting in Montana and the Pacific Northwest, €]sewhere har-
vest was virtually complete in major producing States.

DURUM WHEAT: Durum wheat production is forecast at 134 million bushels (3.65 million metric tons),

12 percent above the July 1 forecast, 68 percent above last year, and only slightly
lower than 1976 production. The increase from last year results from a 3] percent increase in
acreage for harvest coupled with a higher expected average yield.

__ Acreage for harvest is estimated at 3.98 million acres (1.61 million hectares), compared
with 3.03 million acres (1.22 million hectares) in 1977. Increases are expected in all States,
Jed by a large increase in North Dakota, the major durum producing State.

. An average yield of 33.7 bushels per harvested acre is expected based on August 1 conditions.
This is 3.7 bushels above the July 1 forecast and 7.3 bushels above last year

Harvest of the durum wheat crop was just getting underway on August 1 in North Dakota and

Minnesota, well behind last year's start. Conditions were generally favorable during July with
dryer weather prevailing in much of Montana and North Dakota at month's end

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-1] CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


INDEX

PAGE
ALFALFA & ALFALFA MIXTURES FOR HAY ....c.sceeccccvceteececeneeteeeees B-12
APPLES, COMMERCIAL . « B-21
BARLEY .....-.e evens » Be 5
BEANS, DRY EDIBLE B-14
CORN FOR GRAIN ... . Be 2
COTTON ......08 . 8-10
FLAXSEED . B- 9
GRAPES . B-23
HAY, ALL B-11
HAY, OTHER -1
HOPS .....0.- 2
MINT FOR OIL -1

OATS wo cece cee ceec eee eeceeeee
PASTURE & RANGE FEED CONDITION .....
PASTURE & RANGE FEED CONDITION MAP .
PEACHES .........05-

PEANUTS FOR NUTS .
PEARS .....eeeeeee
PEAS, DRY EDIBLE .......
PLANTED ACREAGE GF CROPS
POTATOES 2... ceeeeeeeee
POTATOES, AREA PLANTED .
PRUNES & PLUMS .....
RICE ...e ee eens
RYE cece eee ee eee

SORGHUM FOR GRAIN ..
SOYBEANS FOR BEANS .
SUGARBEETS 1... eee eeeeeee
SUGARCANE FOR SUGAR & SEED
SWEETPOTATOES ........0-005
TOBACCO BY CLASS & TYPE .
TOBACCO BY STATES .......
US SUMMARY ......
WALNUTS .....---04
WHEAT, BY CLASSES
WHEAT, DURUM .....
WHEAT, SPRING . .
WHEAT, WINTER .... eee meee e ee ee eee eeeee renee tere B-

end
ND

1

1 va 1
NSN
DUNT NWOUMOOGVCOGWHBMOADH~HBWONDOS Ew

Trairerre

BEPOPPRMVTTVBVRTTTODMO DS ODIBe
Noe

t
iS]

Dow
ted

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-24 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


ALFALFA AND ALFALFA MIXTURES FOR HAY

STATE 3 AREA HARVESTED 3 YIELO PRODUCTION

1 t + IND 7 + IND t 7 ¥ TNO

t i976 t 1977 4 1978 t 1976 + 1977 + 1976 ¢ 1976 ¢ 1977 8 1978

¢ 1,000 ACRES TONS 14000 TONS

'
ARIZ : 207 210 206 = 72006450 7430 19449 14365 19504
ARK t 60 68 70-2655 2490270 153 197 189
CALIF os 15100 19140 15090 6400 $485 Se 90 69600 69669 64432
coLo : 750 720 7300 26802475 2470 29100 14980 19971
CONN 3 22 20 20 2680 240 2440. 62 48 48
DEL t 7 ? 7 3000 34000 3a ray 22
IDAHO 8 1.020 19070 15080 35534603470 30621 39996
TL 1 760 770 770-3040 3065 3460 20586 2s772
IND ' 400 420 440 34003430 3450 19200 be540
IOWA : 19720 1+750 14760 5 0 3435, 59246 59896
KANS : 14000 19010 1,080 2.85 20750 39078
ky ' 198 208 210 3420 594 672
LA 1 13 13 13 2.00 30 26
MAINE 5 20 22 26 2.30 49 55
MO t 66 68 68 3430 au 226
MASS ‘ 27 2s 24 2430 66 $s
MICH ‘ 980 14000 14080 2.60 21548 2,808
MINN t 29190 29200 29180 3440 49599 Tole
MISS 1/3 43 12 25
MO t 500 s7s 600 2.75 19100 19650
MONT : 19170 1s170 19210 2.28 29574 29723
NEBR : 1,650 15700 14650 3,00 ool25 42950
NEV 1 “180 180 185 3640 603 629
NH : 19 19 20 2.60 47 52
NJ t 54 55 55 3.30 189 182
N MEX ot 226 231 231 4.30 904 993
NY ' 990 990 1,050 2.60 29673 29730
nC ' 15 16 17 2.70 41 46
NOAK ot 19840 10600 14750 2.00 25392 39500
OHIO ' 550 600 640 3610 19623 19984
OKLA ’ 350 400 450-3420 3410 14120 14395
OREG 410 415 415-3650 3.60 19435 19496
PA ' 810 825 8465 2670 2.75 2187 29324
Rt ’ 3 3 3 2.60 2.40 7,
S$ DAK ot 29300 29440 29400 0.80 2.00 12840 4800
TENN t 95 100 110 2040 2.50 228 275
TEX ' 200 180 205 S440 4420 14080 861
UTAH t 460 465 470 3450 3.20 19610 19504
vT : 94 98 98 2425 2e10 212 206
VA t 7 82 6s 2600 3.00 154 ess
WASH t 500 503 503 0 3670 1,800 19761 1,861
wa ' 80 80 80 =e 2.35 168 180 188
wIS + 39010 39100 30100 2020 3425 3420 69622 = 109075 96920
WYO ’ sis S25 535 2230 2200 2.35 20185 19050 10257
us t 269651 272085 279559 2062 2.97 3.07 699828 800430 849485

1/ BEGINNING 1978 INCLUDED IN “ALL OTHER”,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1878

B-12

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


ALL HAY

STATE 1 AREA HARVESTED % YIELO $ PRODUCTION
: t 3 IND ¢ 7 7 IND = 7 7 TND
4 3976 ¢ 1977.4 1978 31976 + 1977 41978 3 1976 3 19773 1978
t Tv000 ACRES TONS 1000 TONS
'

ALA ' 650 630 650 1.70 1.60 41.70 19105 19008

ARIZ ' 245 250 6630 5484 = 655 19544 19461

ARK : 778 1.68 1670 1s241 15404

CALIF ot 11670 4463 4661 74554 79729

coLo t 14345 2e12 2.05 21991 20793

CONN + a3 1.92 1.95 168

DEL : 23 2.27 2.23 50

FLA ' 226 1.95 1.96 427

GA 1 410 2.30 2000 19035

IDAHO t 19366 3621 3.33 49201

TLL : 14230 2.83 2.99 39458

IND ’ 895 2.39 2.70 20150

TOWA t 20250 2.82 3.10 69654

KANS ' 29290 1.99 2610 49535

ky ' 19528 19568 1.96 1.98 29988

wy 1 375 375 1.92 1.90 718

MAINE 2l2 aie 2.04 1.59 433

MD : 246 243 2.39 2.50 $89

MASS 1 121 a7 2010 1.98 254

Mich ’ 19290 19300 1037000 2637 2443 35060

MINN : 39250 39140 39100 1.77 2.90 59765

MISS 3 663 662 624 1670 1.75 149130

Mo t 39350 39455 39500 1.48 1676 45948

MONT ' 29210 29240 24350 1.80 14686 39978

NEBR : 39800 34830 39800 1.57 1.86 59953

NEV t 460 420 455 2404 2.09 939

NW t 93 89 88 1.94 2.06 140

NJ t 122 120 121 244 2.57 298

N MEX 5 293 301 3023.36 3.57 984

NY ' 24400 29350 24450 2.23 2e14 5.352

NC 1 350 350 300 de46 1.6) 510

N DAK ot 39440 39140 3+300 1616 1460 39976

OHIO ' 14540 19550 19590 2431 2.50 39554

OKLA ! 14610 19775 15650 1.83 1686 29947

OREG : 15050 19030 14060 2434 2646 20459

PA t 19870 15915 10935 2419 2.24 4095

RI : 9 8 8 2600 2.00 18

sc t ais 220 222 2.00 1.95 430

SOAK 4 4300 4500 44500 0666 1.58 29840

TENN : 19210-19225 19240 1.52 1654

TEX : 29150 24250 29355 2450 1.92

UTA 1 580 384 391 Bes 2489 19820

VT ' 4546 443 448 1.89 1679 860

VA : 942 932 985 1.31 1.86 14235

WASH t 869 a76 886 2481 2.88 29446

wa t 595 580 560 1.41 1662 838

wIS : 39980 41040 41020 2404 0 2497 B97 89126 129002

wo t 19215 19145 19195 1.61 1443 1466 19955, 19639 15983

us t 60311 600493 614254 1699 2417 2625 1200006 1310057 138,018

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-17 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


Soybean podding ranged from 5 to 41 percent in the North Central States. Eastern areas of
the region lagged behind the western portion, Pod set trailed last year by 10 to 34 points and
the average by 4 to 26 points. In the South Central States, pod set ranged from 7 to 31 percent
development was slightly ahead of average but generally lagged last year.

Cotton boll set ranged from 85 to 89 percent in the Southeast, ahead of average but behind
last year. In the Delta States boll set ranged from 49 to 93 percent. Oklahoma cotton squaring
stood at 64 percent on August 1. Texas cotton harvest advanced from the lower Rio Grande Valley
into the Coastal] Bend. Dryland cotton on the Texas High and Low Plains showed drought stress;
irrigated fields bloomed and looked good. Arizona bolts began opening and California bloom
reached 20 percent.

Grain sorghum harvest passed the halfway mark in Texas by August 1, surpassing 1977's 39
percent and the 34 percent average. Heading advanced northward and was at 25 percent in Okla-
poma 10 percent in Kansas, and 25 percent jn Nebraska, but failed to reach South Dakota by

ugust 1.

Winter wheat combining was nearing completion by August 1. Harvest reached 92 percent com-
pletion, equaling the average, but 2 points off 1977's mark. Acreage remaining was mainly in an
area from Montana to the Pacific Northwest. Spring wheat combining was underway by August 1;
last year harvest was wetl advanced in two States. South Dakota harvest reached 22 percent,
eclipsed by 1977's 65 percent and well behind the 36 percent average. Minnesota struggled to 3
percent, trailing 1977's 42 percent and the 19 percent average. Oats and barley harvests were
underway in Wisconsin and North Dakota.

RECORD FEED GRAIN PRODUCTION LIKELY

Production of the four feed grains (corn, sorghum, oats and barley) is expected to total
202 million metric tons, slightly above the record 1977 production. Prospects for corn and bar-
Tey improved during July and oats remained practically unchanged. The first forecast of sorghum
production placed probable production at 10 percent less than last year,

FOOD GRAIN PRODUCTION DROPS

Food grain production in 1978 is expected to total 56.4 million metric tons, 6 percent be-
low last year and 12 percent below 1976. Winter wheat production is dawn 18 percent from 1977,
while durum wheat is up 68 percent andother spring wheat up 4 percent. Rye production is up 68
percent and rice up 38 percent from a year ago.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-8 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


CORN FUR GRAIN

STATE ot AREA HARVESTED t YIELD ' PRODUCTION

f t t IND 6 t t INO ¢ rr rs Ome

t 1976 4 1977 4 1978 t 1976 t 1977 t 1978 3 1976 $ 1977 3 1978

t 1+000 ACRES GUSHELS 1+000 SUSHECS

1
ALA t 800 375 540 60.0 ©2960 = 5040 = 484000 10¥875 276000
ARIZ : 28 so 4S 6000 ©6040 = 10040 14680 39000 44500
ARK ' 45 43 30 56,0 5360 5000 29520 20279 14500
CALIF ot 290 247 240 110.0 11640 12000 = 310900 289652 0 2B B00
coLo t 630 695 630 10240 © 11640 © 10540 = 644260 = 800620664150
CONN 1/t
DEL z 195 185 180 8840 = 5640 9260 = 178160 200360 100560
FLA : 480 299 370, 60.0 35.0 5840 28+800 109465 219460
GA : 20160 1,000 29400 6260 = 2a = 5040 © 1334920 = 244000 © 704000
TOAHO 35 28 31 85.0 B00 86.0 29975 29408 29666
TLL #129590 109980 10¢700 10740 = 20540 = 11040 342404130 391524900 1+1774000
IND : 69300 60210 51900 11040 10260 10540 = 6934000 = 6332420 6194500
IOwa 4 124900 120400 = 124100 = 9140 = BBeD = :10940 101734900 190914200 143187900
KANS ! 16790 15680 16500 960 9640 = 98401719840 = 1614280 = 1474000
Ky : 15360 14410 14340 10240 9060 = Bay = 1384720 1264900 112560
tA ' ual 65 50 6660 = S240 SB 40 49686 39380 24900
MAINE 1/3
MD s 630 600 580 92607240 9200 574960 = 438200 = 539360
MASS 1/t
MICH 3 29230 29250 29150 6900 8540 8200 1539870 = 1919250 = 1 76300
MINN 1 51600 69000 69000 594010060 9140 3309400 6004000 = 5464000
MISS 1 172 160 135, 4740 3640 4300 81086 59760 5,805
MO : 29850 25700 29200 6140 = 7640 = 80400 »=— 1734850 = 2054200 1764000
MONT a qv ist M 75.0 6840 7 825 748 770
NEBR t 69100 69350 64300 = 8540 9940 9940 5164500 = 244650 © 6230700
NEV 1/3
NW ist
NJ 103 95 90 86407000 BH 8.858 69650 79560
NMEX 3 96 116 6310540 = 9060-11040 104080 109260 64930
NY t $73 640 620 76.0 8000774, 439548 = 519200 474740
nc t 19880 14690 19540 8060 © S100 = 7940 © 1509400 = 8641901219660
N OAK 3 191 237 240 4040 6840 7040 79640 169116 164800
OHO 3 30820 30620 30570 10360 = 10540 = 10040 © 3934460 = 3804200 = 3574000
OKLA t 106 95 70 9540 8200 79.0 109070 74790 $5530
OREG 1 10 12 10-9000 9540 9540 900 19140 950
PA : 19150 19160 19120 9060-9200 = 8540 1039500 91068720 = 9S 9200
Rio owt .
sc t 667 620 51S 740 = 3600 = 5540 = 494358 = 229320 286325
S DAK 4 19200 29150 2e200 = 3120 = 5940 © 6540 © 378200 = 1269850 = 1434000
TENN ‘ 71S 730 650 7940 6540 7560 569485 479450 048 750
TEX 1 19550 15650 15350 12060 9840-9540 1869000 91619700 = 1286250
UTAH 1 is 13 14 9000-8960 8840 19350 19157 16232
vt ww
vA t 610 560 580 7860 5540 = Be = 474580 = 309800 = 485720
WASH 1 44 48 4S 10740 10660 += :108.0 49708 50088 49860
WA ' 61 54 58 8807400 8500 54368 34996 4930
wis 4 2v220 29750 20500 6840 10440 = 9440 1500960 2869000 = 2354000
wd t 22 30 27 8740 8540 B64 199146 24550 24322
us &__ 710300 702006 674694 87.9 9160 9641 602661359 693709624 695039190

1/ ALL ACREAGE HARVESTED 1S FOR SILAGE.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-2 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


TOBACCO

svave 3 AREA HARVESTEO 3 YIELO t PRODUCTION

r 7 T TNO + TIND T 7 TND

t 1976 ¢ 197% 1978: 1976 $ 1977 + 1978 4 1976 1977 t 1978

' ACRES POUNDS Tr000 POUNDS

1
ALA : 640 550 S20. 14800 19900 16800 1sis2 14045 936
CONN 8 49550 3500 30510 19580 919606 = 19589 74189 59620 50576
FLA t 149350 119840 115000 25348 29094 24100 = 309828 = 240798 = 2.34100
GA % 689000 = 65000 = 1200016820 24075 24150 1239760 = 1349875 3319150
IND s 79500 61900 64600 29420 29400 24450 = 189150 = 16 9560 160170
KY 2 2079000 1969750 1894200 20403 25297 2329 4974401 4529024 © 4409686
rw $ 140 1460 140 700 8s B00 98 M9 aie
MD 171 238000 © 234000 = 238000 19300 1,310 © 4300 294900 © 30,130 294900
MASS ot Le210 1steo 990 16525 19643-14557 14845, 19906 1154)
MO : 2400 29500 20400 24190 2340 2250 59256 59850 50400
NC 1 4489000 3924600 398500 29015 = 19896 24040 = 902930 7449525 8134100
OHIO t 11900 100400 109100 24103-24143 25163 239343 228283217 B45,
PA + 139500 134500 139500 19750 14940-19850 239625 269190 2H 97S
sc t 754000 «= 684000 704000 24045 92040 2100) 1534375 = 1384720 1474000
TENN 1 684450 689460 = 674220 24040 ©1997 2913S 1394668 = 136746 1434520
vA 3 869780 799700 739760 20773-19794 9811 = 153087B = 429985 = 1334549
wea t 1,800 14600 14500 19790 2020 19700 39222 39232 25550
wis t  1Lsl0o 124050 12100 19821 25059-5802 — 208209 = 243809 219810
US" 1140640520 9579650 9454020 2045 19997 24077 291359829 1,912,417 149620920

1/ 1977 REVISED.

SUGARBEETS

STATE 1 AREA HARVESTED. t YIELD 1 PRODUCTION

i t t IND t ot + IND G ¥ t TND

4 1976 3 1977 4 1978 1 1976 t 1977 + 1978 3 1976 4 1977 4 1978

? 14000 ACRES TONS 19000 TONS

:
ARIZ 1/3 17.0 12.8 1565-2360 22.3 2004 391 - 285 316
CALIF 1/t 312.0 217.0 21060 28.6 26.0 2640 8.912 51642 55460
coLo t 12140 7200 86.0 1960 1965 19460 29303 19404 1,634
IDAHO ¢ 13964 10764 12840 20.7 1965 2000 29879 29094 21560
KANS ' 38.0 24.0 26.0 1967 1647 18.0 149 468
MAINE 2/3 5 +0 1002 sé
MICH 1 8565 90.0 1608 1920 19540 19710
MINN : 2600 26140 1262 1760 39026 49437
MONT t 45.0 45.2 2140 1965 968 Bah
NEBR : 6767 74.0 2000 1960 19690 19406
N MEX 2 12 2e1 2242 20.0 20 42
NDaK 1 15562 158.0 1365 1764 29022 29749
OHIO ' 2205 23.3 1669 18.0 617 aig
OREG 4 8.2 8.5 2561 2561 2540 364 213
TEX ’ 1769 24,0 2146 1763 1865 503 445
UTAH ’ 9.8 12.6 1766 176? 174 317 219
WASH a 6166 70.0 2404 = 24a 2640 19862 1,820
wo 1 4806 47.9 2047 1966 1965 19167 936
us 11967808 1021662 1428201 19.9 2 25,712
1/ RELATES TO YEAR OF HARVEST.
2/ NONE PLANTED IN 1977 OR 1978,

SUGARCANE FOR SUGAR AND SEED

STATE ot AREA HARVESTED ' YIEeLo A PRODUCTION

3 t : INO ? + : IND 3 : : INO
. t 1976 1977 1978 $1976 § 1977 = 1978 t 1976 3 1g77t 1978

: ¥e000 ACRES TONS 19000 TONS

:
FLA 3 298.0 30060 31060 3266 2949 9671S 89970 91610
Haw : 10647 10365 108.3 8747 8Be7 95362 99176 10,083
La 3 32260 300-0 25.6 © 2369 8.065 76695 6 +600
TEX : 3369 34.3 3508 29-2 978 989 1,012
us : 75964 152.6 37.6 35.3 284120 20.830 2343905

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-19 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



PASTURE AND RANGE FEED CONDITION 1/

STATE AVERAGE 1977 1978 STATE AVERAGE 1977 1978
1967-76 1967-76
PERCENT PERCENT

ALA 81 42 1% NEV 81 7s 86
ARIZ 76 63 7 NH 84 71 76
ARK 17 60 6S NJ 19 66 80
CALIF 75 38 92 N MEX 1% 69 73
COLO 7 61 69. NY 86 67 68
CONN 8) 67 9 nC 84 49 82
DEL 79 4 Bb n DAK 76 $0 99
FLA a6 70 84 OHIO 8s 70 a6
Ga 63 32 67 OKLA 16 68 64
10aH0 86 68 66 GREG 62 66 96
TL a1 66 83 PA a4 v2 85
IND 85 7S 86 RI 82 tm a5
Towa 78 4“? 93 sc 80 32 64
KANS 16 7a mn $ DAK 75 72 95
KY 87 80 83 TENN 29 67 19
La 81 62 n TEX 70 $9 38
MAINE 8s 80 6? UTAH 81 53 aay
MO 79 5a 78 vT 82 58 72
MASS a 78 7 vA a4 4s a
MICH 84 50 80 WASH 82 58 90
MINN 7? 7% 95 WA a6 62 91
MISS 81 66 78 wIs WT icy 92
Oo. 70 69 62 wyo 86 72 92
MONT 83 6a 100

NEAR 15 82a 82 us 78 64 77

1/ GOOD TO EXCELLENTs 80 AND OVERS POOR TO FAIR» 65-795 VERY POOR» 50-644 SEVERE

DROUGHT» 35-494 EXTREME DROUGHTs UNDER 35,
PRUNES AND PLUMS
STATE 1 PRODUCTION 17
t TOTAL 7 TOTAL + TNO
1 1976 a i977 t 1978
+ TONS
t
IDAHO : 79000 74000 7500
MICH ’ 164000 145000 234000
ORES , 315000 285000 159000
WASH t 239000 129000 20000
TOTAL t 774000 615000 659500

17 INCLUDES UNHARVESTED PRODUCTION AND EXCESS CULLAGE
(TONS: TOTAL & STATES+ 1976-39500» 1977-34000,

PAPAYAS - HAWAIL

MONTH AREA UTILIZED PRODUCTION

—TOTAL_IN CROP HARVESTED 1977 T9782 FORECAST
7: «1978 77 1978 : : 1978
ACRES 7,000 POUNDS

UN 3,050 3,165 2,150 2,155 6,127 5,820

JUL 3,070 3,165 2,155 2,135 6,652 5,600

AUG 3,050 2,150 5, 322 4,900

SEP 3,065 2,265 5,502 4,300

oct 3, 105 2,260 6,461 5,300

Nov 3,095 2, 360 6,690 5,600

CUMULATIVE PRODUCTION JAN-JUL 32, 948 32,800

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-20 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


RICE

STATE AREA HARVESTED : YIELD t PRODUCTION
.¢ 7 t IND? t ¥ IND + ? 7 TND

: 1976 1977 4 1978! 1976 1 1977: 1978 1 1976 ¢ 1977_¢ 1978

1 Ty000 ACRES POUNDS: 10000 CHT

'
ARK ' 83760 1417060 49770 49230 40400 400362 «= 354396 = 514 4B0
CALIF 30840 50860 5520 5s810 59650 224017 179913 286702
La t 58300 37920 © 3670 38700 = 220203170465 24957)
MISS 1 196.0 44200 49000 - 49250 69048 49440 84330
MO 4 24.0 49200 39700 49250 588 629 14020
TEX ' 501.0 539.0 49810 45670 49700 © 249430 239400 © 254333
us 1 2048060 2249.0 3902000 4663 40412 S18 1259648 9992231364436

RYE

STATE 4 AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELD : PRODUCTION

i ? 7 TNO? 7 7 IND? 7 z IND

t 1976 3 1977 4 1978 t 1976 t 1977: 1978 1 1976 t 1977 ¢ 1978

; Ts000 ACRES BUSHELS 19000 BUSHELS
coLo 1 7 4 5 2340-2060 18.0 161 80 90
OEL ist 4 4 5 2740 27.0 108 108 135
GA st 95 95 120-2260 23.0 24090 19995 29760
TLL : 15 15s 19 21.0 22.0 315 330 41a
INO : 10 10 12-2360 24.40 230 260 288
IOWA 1st 5 4 $ 28.0 2620 140 116 130
KANS ' 8 10 20 17.0 1940 136 180 380
KY a 3 4 5 200 25.0 60 108 125
MD t 3 8 10-3060 31.0 240 240 310
MICH ot 18 19 25 2640 2540 468 456 625
MINN : 105 84 120 19.5 2760 24048 29436 30240
MO ' 5 6 7 2160 25.0 105 162 175
NEBR : 45 50 60 1740 1940 765 19050 19140
NJ lst 8 9 a 3040 30.0 240 261 330
NY : 9 9 ll 3060 3060 270 279 330
Nc : 20 al 26 1940 21.0 380 399 546
N OAK of ll 70 205 25.5 31.0 20831 19750" 64355
OHIO ' 7 a 10 3060 30.0 210 248 300
OKLA ’ 32 34 40 1960 19.0 608 646 760
OREG 1 7 s 9 2h 27.0 168 125 243
PA 1 12 12 13 2600 3360 312 372 429
sc ise 30 32 381760 24.0 510 640 912
SOAK 3 99 120 220 15.0 3260 19485 39480 79040
TENN 1/3 2 2 3 27.0 2240 54 46 66
TEX ' 27 2s 29 14.0 14.0 378 400 406
vA 1 i 4 9 2440 26.0 264 350 494
wASH 1 3 3 3 22.0 2160 66 60 63
WIS 1 12 vs 17 2h 2440 252 364 408
wyO 1st 3 3 3. 1960 23.0 57 57 69
us t rat 694 190702067 2607 249 951 164998 28567

1/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIEN FORECAST,

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-8

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY
(METRIC UNITS)

AREA HARVESTED + YIELD PER HECTARE PRODUCTION
cROP * INDICATED > INDICATED = 2 INDTCATED
1977 : 1978 1977: 1978 1977 a ABT.

~~ HECTARES METRIC TONS
CORN FOR GRAIN 28 330 730 27 395 0805.7) 6.03 16) 82) 300 156 100 880 165 188 630
SORGHUM FOR GRAIN 5 691 960 5 441 460 3.53 3.33 20 083 360 18 096 890
OATS 5 441 670 4 836 4501.99 1.97 10 855 940 9 225 000 9 242 910
BARLEY 3 840 510 3685 110 2.36 2.60 9053 040 8 935 540 9 589 430
ALL WHEAT 1 26 796 960 22 877 9402.06 2.16 55 133 050 49 034 380 © 49. 449-560

WINTER : 19 594 690 15 720 590 2.12 2.16 41 550 320 34 746 220 © 33 976 020

DURUM > 1 224 190 1 609 0501.78 2.27 2176 260 3 250 760 3 648 520

OTHER SPRING 5 978 080 § 548 300 1.91 2.13 11 406 470 11 037 400 11 825 020
RICE : 910 150 1 222 160 4.94 5.06 4 500 680 6 188 630
RYE : 280 850 433 0201.54 1.68 431 770 724 390 725 640
SOYBEANS FOR BEANS : 23 436 000 25 603 930 1.99 1.88 46 710 960 48 036 080
FLAXSEED 3 572 230 374 740 O.71 0.76 409 090 283 380
PEANUTS FOR NUTS 613 670 613 3502.75 2.88 1 690 080 1 763 640
COTTON : 5 374 000, 4970 200 0.58 0.52 3 332 860 2 573 470
ALL KAY : 24 480 910 24 788 880 4.86 5.05 118 892 910 125 207 820

ALFALFA 10 96? 030 17152 8506.66 6.87 72 964 870 76 643 500

ALL OTHER 13 519 880 13 636 030 = 3.40 3.56 45 928 040 48 564 320
ORY EDIBLE BEANS 511 080 595 1001.45 1.48 738 810 878 560
ORY EDIBLE PEAS 67 580 79720 0.69 1.90 46 400 151 230
POTATOES

SUMMER 46 620 45 610 21,39 © 21.09 997 080 960 110 962 110

FALL 1/ 460 820 464 750 30.22 13 928 120

TOTAL 1/ 549 850 552 160 29.25 16 083 210

SHEE TPOTATOES 45 490 47 960 12.36 12.70 562 220 609 260
TOBACCO 387 570 382 4302.24 2.33 867 450 890 360
SUGARBEETS 492 180 518 850 46.05 44.96 22 666 O10 23 325 530
SUGARCANE FOR

SUGAR AND SEED 307 320 304570 79.20 © 81.33 24 339 770 24 770 680
HOPS 12 340 12 550 2.01 2.01 24 850 25 210
APPLES, COM'L 3.018 910 3 242 260 3 336 610
PEACHES 2/ 1 356 690 i-‘165 540 1 183 230
PEARS 713 590 594 390 606 630
GRAPES 3 898 900 4 184 390
PRUNES AND PLUMS

(EXCL CALIF) 85 340 59 420
WALNUTS : 174 630 154 220 154 220
PEPPERMINT FOR OIL : 35 170 42 250 0.06 0.06 2 000 2 660
SPEARMINT FOR OIL 15 010 19 140 O.07 0.07 1 060 1 370

1978 TO BE RELEASED OCT TT, 1978. 27” INCLUDES CULLS AND CANNERY DIVERSIONS FOR

V7 YIELD AND PRODUCTION FOR
CALIFORNIA CLINGSTONE PEACHES

AS FOLLOWS IN METRIC TONS: 1977 - 52 160,

UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY

(METRIC UNITS)

AREA HARVESTED YIELD PER HECTARE PRODUCTION
CROP INDICATED > INDICATED = TNOICATED
1977 +1978 V/ 1977 17g yy: 1977 19781
ARES mt IN.

POTATOES

WINTER 5 420 5 100 22.26 24:60 320 650 125 460

SPRING 36 990 36 710 28.04 22.28 1 037 360 817 730
SWEET CHERRIES 134 080 124 560
TART CHERRIES 95 660 79 020
APRICOTS 133 720 107 230
NECTARINES (CALIF) 136 080 131 540
PLUMS, (CALIF) 142 430 117 930
ORIEO PRUNES (CALIF, 142 430 128 820
ALMONDS (CALIF) : 225 890 154 220
7 ESTIMATES CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST.
CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 And CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



HAY: All hay production in 1978 is forecast at a record high 138 million tons (125 million metric
~~" tons}, a 5 percent increase from 1977 and 15 percent above the 1976 crap. Sharp production
increases from last year are expected in North Dakota, South Dakota, Minnesota, Michigan, Virginia,
and New York. Acreage intended for harvest totals 61.3 million acres (24.8 million hectares), up 1]
percent from a year earlier and 2 percent above 1976. All hay yield is forecast at 2.25 tons per
acre compared with 2.17 tons in 1977 and 1.99 tons in 1976.

Production of alfalfa and alfalfa mixtures is forecast at a record high 84.5 million tons
(76.6 million MT), 5 percent above 1977 and 2T percent over the 1976 crop. Acreage for harvest
at 27.6 million acres (11.2 million hectares) is the largest since 1973. Average yield is indi-
cated at a record high 3.07- tons per acre compared with 2.97 last year and 2.62 two years ago.

All other hay production is forecast at 53.5 million tons (48.6 million MT), up 6 percent
from ast year and 7 percent above 1976. Yield per acre is forecast at 1.59 tons compared with
1.52 in 1977 and 1.49 in 1976. Acres for harvest is forecast at 33.7 million acres (13.6 million
hectares}, up ? percent from 1977.

ORY EDIBLE BEANS: Production of dry edible beans is forecast at 19.4 million cwt. (879 thousand

metric tons), 19 percent above the 1977 crop and 9 percent greater than 1976.
Acreage for harvest is estimated at 1.47 million acres (595 thousand hectares), up 16 percent
from 1977. Average yield is estimated 1317 pounds per acre compared with 1290 last year.

Michigan dry bean fields are in bloom with pods setting and are benefitting from cool
temperatures. No insect damage has occurred but some areas are reporting water damaged fields
Dry beans are making good growth in California with fields blooming. The Idaho crop is later
than usual with cool weather in June slowing growth. Many fields are in full bloom with plants
rather short. Crop development is also slightly behind normal in Nebraska with most in good
condition although some hail damage has occurred. Over 50 percent of the crop has flowered in
Colorado with condition good to very good on irrigated acres and fair to good on dryland in the
southwest. Moisture conditions have been generally favorable for the late North Oakota crop.
Condition is good or better with some insect damage in the west and more rains welcome. Con-
dition in Minnesota is very good in the major producing area. The crop is late in Montana and
Wyoming and will require a normal growing season to mature. New York's crop has withstood the
dry weather in generally good condition with only a few localities suffering from lack of moisture.

ORY EDIBLE PEAS: Dry edible pea production in Idaho and Washington is forecast at 3.33 million
cwt. (151 thousand metric tons). This production is more than three times last

year's drought reduced crop. Area intended for harvest increased to 197 thousand acres (79.7

thousand hectares}, up 18 percent from the 1977 acreage. Yield per acre for the two-State area

is expected to average 1692 pounds compared with 613 pounds last year and 1720 pounds in 1976.

Rains and relatively cool weather during much of July favored development of the dry pea
crop. Harvest of early seeded fields started in mid-July and harvest conditions were good dur-
ing Jate July. With the variation of seeding dates this year, harvest will continue until about
mid-August.

POTATOES: Total harvested acreage for the Nation's 1978 potato crap (all seasons) is estimated

at 1.36 million acres (552 thousand hectares), up slightly from last year but down
1 percent from the 1976 crop.

Planted acreage in the Fall producing areas this year is placed at 1.17 million acres (473
thousand hectares), 1 percent above the April 1 prospective plantings but slightly below last
year's record setting acreage. Fall crop acreage for harvest is estimated at a record 1.15 mil-
lion acres (465 thousand hectares), up 1 percent from the 1.74 million acres (461 thousand
hectares) harvested last year and slightly above the 1976 crop.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-15 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


The Alabama crop is in good condition, In Louisiana, rains in late July improved crop
prospects in most major producing areas; however, soil moisture remains very short in the northern
area of the State. Harvest began in late July in the south central area with good to excellent
quality reported and very little insect damage. The extremely dry weather in east Texas since the
first of April prevented some producers from transplanting from beds to fields. Harvest is ex~
pected to start in mid-August with most areas active by the end of September. The California crop
is progressing under good growing conditions. Light harvest is underway.

TOBACCO: Production of al) tobacco is forecast at 1.96 billion pounds (890 thousand metric tons),

up 3 percent from the 1977 production. The increase in prospective production is due
to a 6 percent increase in flue-cured and a 4 percent increase in dark air-cured. Production of
burley and other types‘is expected to be below a year earlier, Yield of all tobacco is indicated
at 2077 pounds per acre, compared with 1997 pounds in 1977

Flue-cured production is forecast at 1.20 billion pounds (543 thousand metric tons), up 6
percent from the 1.13 biltion pounds (512 thousand metric tons} in 1977. Prospects for al} types
of flue-cured tobacco improved during July as a result of favorable growing conditions. In some
areas where rainfall was not adequate, irrigation was used to keep the crop in good condition.
The indicated yield per acre of 2033 pounds compares with 1917 pounds last year

Georgia and Florida tobacco was about 50 percent harvested by the end of July. Auction
markets opened on July 19 with improved quality offerings bringing record high prices during the
first two weeks of sales. In the Border Belt, harvest was well along by the end of July, Markets
opened during the last week of July. Quality of early marketings was much improved over last year.
Harvest is running 1 to 2 weeks later than normal in the Old and Middle Belts and the Eastern
North Carolina Belt.

Fire-cured growers expect to harvest 50.4 million pounds (22.9 thousand metric tons), 4
percent less than a year earlier. An 8 percent decline in acreage accounts for the lower pro-
duction. Yield per acre is indicated at 1679 pounds, up 81 pounds from last year.

Burley production is expected to tota) 607 million pounds (276 thousand metric tons), 2 per-
cent beTow the 1977 crop of 617 million pounds (280 thousand metric tons). ®urley transplanting
was late this season due to cool, wet spring weather. The crop is mostly in fair to good

condition with topping underway in most areas. The average yield per acre of 2342 pounds com-
pares with 2298 pounds last year

Southern Maryland tobacco production is forecast at 29.9 million pounds (13.6 thousand metric
tons), down from the revised 1977 production of 30.1 million’ pounds (13.7 thousand metric tons).

Dark _air-cured producers expect ot harvest 22.0 million pounds (9.97 thousand metric tons),
an increase of 4 percent from the 1977 production of 21.2 million pounds (9.61 thousand metric
tons). Both acreage for harvest and yield per acre are above last year.

Al) cigar type production is forecast at 56.6 million pounds (25.7 thousand metric tons),
9 percent below a year earlier, Production of cigar-filler types is down 6 percent, cigar-binder
types down 11 percent and cigar-wrapper types down 13 percent.

SUGARBEETS: Production of sugarbeets is forecast at 25.7 million tons (23.3 million metric
tons}, 3 percent above the 1977 crop of 25.0 million tons (22.7 million metric
tons). A lower yield per acre than last year is indicated--20.1 tons compared with 20.5 tons

Acres for harvest at 1.28 million acres (519 thousand hectares) is 5 percent larger than the 1977
harvested acreage.

Harvest is underway in the San Joaquin Valley of California. The crop is making good pro-
gress in Colorado where water has been plentiful this year. In Idaho beets got off to a good
Start with good stands.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-17 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA



UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY

{DOMESTIC UNITS)

AREA HARVESTED YIELD PER ACRE PRODUCTION
CROP AND UKIT STNDICATED *TNOICATED Tibia
1977 1977 1977 TT
3978 1978 1978 1978
T,000 ACRES Y,000
CORN FOR GRAIN BU 70,006 67,694 91.0 96.1 6,370,624 6,145,421 6,503,190
SORGHUM FOR GRAIN =" 14,065 13,446 56.2 53.0 790,647 712,443
OATS . 13,487, -11,981 55.6 $3.3 747,914 635,551 636,785
BARLEY " 9,490 9,106 43.8 48.4 415,803 410,405 440,439
ALL WHEAT ” 66,216 56 532 30.6 32.1 2,025,793 1,801,705 1,816,960

WINTER " 48,419 38,846 31.5 32.7 1,526,713 1,276,705 1,248,405

DURUM " 3,025 3,976 26.4 33.7 79,964 119,445 134,060

QTHER SPRING “ 14,772 13,710 28.4 31.7 419,116 405,555 434,495
RICE CWT 1/: 2,249.0 3,020.0 4,412 4,518 99,223 136 ,436
RYE BU 694 1,070 24.5 26.7 16,998 28,518 28,567
SOYBEANS FOR BEANS =" 57,911 63,268 23.6 27.9 1,716,334 1,765,024
FLAXSEED "3 1,814 926 4 12.0 16,105 11,156
PEANUTS FOR NUTS LB: 1,516.4 1,515.6 2,457 2,565 3,726,015 3,888,170
COTTON BALE 1/:13,279.3  12,287.5 520 462 74, 389.2 11,819.9
ALL HAY TON 60,493 61,254 2.17 2.25 131,057 138,018

‘ALFALFA " 27,085 27,559 2,97 3.07 80,430 84,485

ALL OTHER " 33,408 33,695 1.52 1.59 50,627 53,533
ORY EDIBLE BEANS CUT 1/: 1,262.9 1,470.5 1,290 1,317 16,288 19,369
ORY EDIBLE PEAS "Ty: 167.0 197.0 413 3692 1,023 3,334
POTATOES :

SUMMER mp 116.2 12,7 191 188 21,982 21,167 21,211

FALL 2/ “5 4,138.7 1,198.4 2790 307,064
TOTAL 2/ "5 1,358.7 1,364.4 261 354,576
SWEETPOTATOES "oy 12.4 118.5 ca) 113 12,395 13,432
TOBACCO LB: 987.7 945.0 1,997 2,077, 1,912,417 1,962,920
SUGARBEETS TON: 1,216.2 1,282.1 20.5 20.1 24,985 25,712
SUGARCANE FOR :

SUGAR AND SEED "3: 759.4 752.6 35.3 36.3 26,830 27,305
HOPS 1B: 30.5 31.0 1,796 1,793. 54,777 55,569
PASTURE AND RANGE 3/ PCT = 4a 7
APPLES, COM'L le: 6,655,600 7,148,000 7,356,009
PEACHES 4/ “os 2,991,000 2,569,600 2,608,600
PEARS: TON: 786.6 655.2 668.7
GRAPES wo: 4,297.8 4,612.5
PRUNES AND PLUMS :

(EXCL CALIF) “oo: 61.0 65.5
WALNUTS ” 192.5 170.0 170.0
PEPPERMINT FOR OIL LB 86.9 104.4 31 56 4,409 5,859
SPEARMINT FOR OIL" 37.1 47.3 63 64 2,329 3,014

J/ YIELD IN POUNDS.

RANGE FEED CONDITION AS OF FIRST OF MONTH.
CANNERY DIVERSIONS FOR CALIFORNIA CLINGSTONE PEACHES AS FOLLOWS IN THOUSAND POUNDS:

27 YIELD AND PRODUCTION FOR 1978 TO BE RELEASED OCT 11,
THE 1967-76 AVERAGE 1S 78 PERCCHT. 4/

1978.

37 PASTURE AND

INCLUDES CULLS AND

1977 - 115,000.

UNITED STATES CROP SUMMARY
__ {DOMESTIC UNITS)

cRoP AND UN 7___AREA HARVESTED YIELD PER ACRE PRODUCTION
Re IT : > INDICATED > INDICATED : INDICATED
2 87 978 19719781 1977 1978 1
B T,000 ACRES T,000
POTATOES :
WINTER cut 13. 12.6 193 220 2,660 2,766
SPRING " 1.4 90.7 250 199 22,870 18,028
SWEET CHERRIES TON 147, 137.3
TART CHERRIES. 1B: 210,900 178,200
APRICOTS TON: 147.4 118.2
NECTARINES (CALIF) =" i 150.0 145.0
PLUMS (CALIF) " : 157.0 130.0
DRIED PRUNES (CALIF) “ —: 157.0 142.0
ALMONDS (CALIF) " 249.0 170.6

T/ ESTIMATES CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-3 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


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B-18

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978


WINTER WHEAT

STATE ft AREA HARVEST! YIELD PRODUCTION

y ¥ i IND 3 7 IND

t 1976 + 4977 1976 3 1977 1978 4 1976 8 1977 3 1978

' 19000 ACRES BUSHELS 19000 BUSHELS

:
ALA ist a5 90 28.0 27.0 29295 29520 1s755
ARIZ ry le ss 72.0 70.0 89400 39960 9290
ARK : 630 660 3940 35.0 249570 259740 119200
CALIF 1 860 eso 64.0 $8.0 539320 419600 339640
COLO ' 29400 29550 2200 22.0 519600 $6100 519700
OEL ve 40 34 3160 3560 29400 1054 980
FLA ist 16 13 29.0 36.0 396
GA wv 5 100 3340 34.0 49420
TOANO t 890 830 390 50.0 399000
TLL y 19850 19590 43.0 37.0 359180
IND t 19500 19260 4520 39.0 299250
10wa 1/t 130 65 3760 36.0 19980
KANS: ‘ 115300 125100 28.5 30.0 3099000
KY : 330 274 3720 35.0 69825
LA w/t 23 27 34.0 32.0 640
MO Ve 138 118 37.0 39.0 39978
MICH t 870 625 4000 3920 165380
MINN 1/3 163 105 3340 30.0 19600
MISS 1/3 120 105 3460 31,0 29635
MO cy 15760 19550 3940 34.0 289560
MONT 2 34080 24800 29.0 35.0 912000
NEBR ' 29950 25950 3500 3200 834200
NEV ve 16 16 6000 6560 715
NJ we ss 42 31-0 36.0 19254
N MEX 1/3 245 421 21.0 2000 69660
NY 2 175, 17s 39.0 3560 29625
nc : 240 200 30.0 34,0 59950
N OAK 1/8 135 104 23.0 28.0 39500
OHIO ' 12600 15540 4700 38.0 429750
OKLA s 6+300 62500 2760 2760 1519200
OREG t 19220 19130 3840 4660 489760
PA ' 300 270 3340 3340 89085
sc iss 125 95 29.0 3400 29788
$0AaK ot 970 680 2500 27.0 185900
TENN : 300 280 360 3500 7700
TEX 4 49700 44700 25.0 20.0 541000
UTAH 1st 222 180 23.0 27.0 46779
vA : 240 205 3140 3640 Se40d
wASH 1 29885 25800 34.0 4600 117*600
wvA 1st li 10 3160 32.0 320
wis st 66 60 4360 4060 19120
WYO Ve 295 260 2060 29.0 ’ 2 79540
us + 499460 489419 31.5 3201 195599923 195269713 192489405

t/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECAST «

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

B-6

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


CROP_REPORT SUMMARY

The “all crops" production index (1967=100) at 128 is 1 point below the record
set last year, according to the Crop Reporting Board. Feed grains, oil] crops, and
hay and forage reached new record highs. Tobacco and sugar crops also increased from
last year. Food grains and cotton declined from a year ago.

INDEX NUMBERS OF CROP PRODUCTION
UNITED STATES, 1968-78 (1967=100)

PRODUCTION
: : HAY : A : Bi
YEAR ALL ; FEED : AND FOOD; SUGAR . COTTON ; TOBACCO:OIL CROPS
1/, GRAINS ; forage ; GRAINS ; CROPS ; : :
1968 103 95 99 106 113 148 87 114
1969 104 99 100 98 115 137 91 116
1970 100 39 100 91 114 139 97 117
1971 112 116 105 107 116 145, 86 121
1972 113 112 104 102 127 187 88 131
1973 » 119 115 109 14 112 175 88 155
1974 . 110 93 104 120 104 158 101 127
1975 : 121 114 108 142 130 112 110 153
1976 121 120 102 141 128 142 108 132
1977 129 124 108 131 117 195 98 171
1978 128 125 13 125 V9 159 100 174
T7 INCLUDES HAY SEEDS, PASTURE SEEDS AND COVER-CROP SEEDS, AND SOME MISCELLANEOUS

CROP PRODUCTION NOT INCLUDED IN SEPARATE GROUPS OF CROPS SHOWN.

The CROP PRODUCTION report contains State and National estimates with related
information on selected agricultural commodities. These data were prepared and
adopted by the Crop Reparting Baard which consists of commodity statisticians from
Washington headquarters and the State Statistical Offices.

CROP REPORTING BOARD:

B. M. Graham, Chairman,
M. L. Koehn, Secretary
J. W. Kirkbride, F. E. Rolf,
APPROVE D: G. R. Knight, D. M. Skow,
O. J. Buckner, R. W. Coulter,
_ H. J. DeLong, W. N. Dowdy,
. J. R. Gibson, D. E. Hamilton,
oe M. A. Hunst, T. M. Knapp,
: S. R. Koyle, Cc. J. Koines,
P C. P. Miles, Jr., L. A. Losleben,
D. A. Rockwell, R. L. Schulte,
L. E. Snipes, Cc. D. Spillmann,
W. J. Walker, C. A. VanLahr, dor.,
ACTING SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE W. W. Wilken.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-2 CROP REPORTING 80ARD, ESCS, USDA


CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 8-14

ORY EDIBLE BEANS wv
CROP AND STATE 1 AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELO 1 PRODUCTION
i ’ ? IND 7 INDO TNO
__ ’ 1976 3 1977 2 1978 31976 12977 33978 1 2976 2 1977 | 1978
7 Te000 ACRES POUNDS Teo CeT—
LARGE LIMA BEANS 7
CALIF 1 3500 210 2940 10490-19690 14897 522 523 550
BABY LIMA BEANS :
ALIF 7 21.0 22.0 2540 19800 22090 19880 378 460 470
BEANS OTHER THAN LIMAS 1
Cau. ' 12360 11360 15660 19545 1719 19636 19900 19943 29555
ont gbte.e BEANS '
‘ 17940 166.0 210.0 19564 19763 19702 27800 29926 39575,
coco” of 18560 150.0 T0600 900 830 900 19665 1245 19530
TOAHO 1 15960 13260 15340 19670 19640 19800 29655 29165 20754
KANS 7 12.5 1265 1565 19200 14300 19200 150 162 186
MICH 1 $45.0 480.0 $45.0 14000 1425014100 50450 59520 54995
MINN ' 4260 3000 4040 867 19320 14450 364 396 580
MONT : 940 6.5 70 19700 14600 19600 153 104 2
NEBR 2 12000 10040 11060 1,550 1,600 15980 19550 19760
NY , 3760 32.0 4300 1eldo 396 352 473
N DAK + 13960 105.0 1130 19200 Lelle 19103 1356
UTAH ’ 1340 160 80 3lo Ss. 2 25
WASH 1 2660 1940 276-0 16900 45S 333 513
wro : 2540 23-0 2900 19760 450 ‘380 510
OTHER ars 78 5.9 105 50
ws § 1969903 1526209 1947005 10186 102909 SLT AT 78E_—6 28B_—*1:9¥ 3869.
1/ EXCLUDES BEANS GROWN FOR GARDEN SEED.
By ILL AND IND; ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 cRO?.
DRY EDIBLE PEAS Vv
STATE AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELO : PRODUCTION
' + ' IND 1 ’ . IND t + + IND
: 1976 3 1977 4 1978 t 1976 $ 1977 t 1978 & 1976 + 1977 + 1978
7 T+000 ACRES” POUNDS: 19000 cw
'
IDAHO t 4840 6760 7660-19720 840 14600 826 563 1216
WASH t T7460 10060 121.0 1s720 460 #750 19324 460 20118
us 412540 16760 197.0 19720 61319692 20150 12023 34334
1/ EXCLUDES BOTH WRINKLEO SEED PEAS AND AUSTRIAN WINTER
PEAS.
MINT FOR OIL
state AREA MARVESTED YIELO t PRODUCTION
r IND t ? t TNO + + + IND
1 1976 {1977 1__y97a t_1976 4 1977 4 1978 1 976 1 _y977 + _1978
t $e000 ACRES LBS OF OIL 129000 POUNDS
PEPPERMINT
TOAHO Seu 1063 51 45 sa 275 356 $97
IND 5 6.8 9,3 35 27 36 238 216 335
OREG : 42.0 58.0 ss ss 38 20310 25805 (39364
WASH ' 962 1763 $8 62 To 534 7194 be2il
wIs 7 8.8 9.5 39 33 7 343 238 352
us ‘ 72.2 104.4 Si Si 56 39700 49609 5859
SPEARMINT
1OAHO + 367 Ted 47 4? 87 114 273 410
IND : 518 5.3 36 30 37 187 165 2ia
MICH t 3.5 369 28 24 ra 98 9 4
WASH 7 13.7 2568 82 87 82 19123 1s705 alle
ws : 266 405 40 37 39 104 107 a7
us 29,0 4763 sé 63 64 15686 20329 30014

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USOA


PEARS

CROP AND STATE 4 PROOUCTION 1/
i TOTAL t TOTAL : IND
’ 1976 1 1977 t 1978
t TONS
PEARS BARTLETT 1
CALIF 1 3659000 326000 2502000
OREG 4 754000 80+000 572000
WASH t 1409000 1384000 1154000
TOTAL t 80000 5444000 4224000
PEARS EXCLUDING BARTLETT 8
CALIF ' 8500 84600 89000
OREG t 125000 100+000 1059000
WASH ’ 949000 869000 909000
TOTAL ' 227-500 194-600 203.000
ALL PEARS :
CALIF : 3735500 3344600 258000
cOLO av 69400 69900 19800
CONN 2st 700 19600 19500
ToAaHO ae 2000 14800
MICH 3 72000 125000 169000
NY ' 85000 169000 189500
OREG : 2002000 1805000 1624000
PA ast 39700 49700 39300
UTAH ert 5+300 5.000 21600
WASH 4 2344000 2245000 2054000
us 1 8401600 7869600 6684700
1/ INCLUDES UNHARVESTED PRODUCTION AND EXCESS CULLAGE
(TONS) 3 US _1976=202000% 1977-29100.
2/ ESTIMATES FOR CURRENT YEAR CARRIED FORWARD FROM EARLIER FORECASTs
3/ ESTIMATES OISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP,
GRAPES
CROP AND STATE + PRODUCTION 1/
t TOTAL t TOTAL TND
t 1976 : 1977 1978
t TONS”
GRAPES TABLE TYPE :
CALIF t 405000 488.000 4255000
GRAPES WINE TYPE '
CALIF : 193239000 195634000 198254000
GRAPES RAISIN TYPE DRIED 2/1
CALIF ' 2834000 2484300
GRAPES RAISIN NOT ORIEO :
CALIF 3 9764000 803000
GRAPES RAISIN TYPE t
CALIF : 292501000 149354000 148509000
ALL GRAPES :
ARIZ t 122400 115000 134300
ARK : 69500 9+600 74500
CALIF : 39978000 349865000 411007000
MICH ’ 149500 335000 654000
MO : 39850 49heS
NJ 3/t Lslog
NY : 1025000 196000
NC ' 49650 49700
OHIO : 79100 159500
Pa t 309000 $29000
WASH : 1054600 1559000
OTHER STATES ast 50 49850 59100
us ' 413989330 442974750 ono1zrges

1/ INCLUDES UNHARVESTED PRODUCTION AND EXCESS CULLAGE
(TONS) 3 US 1976*30593506 (293,000 TONS FRESH
EQUIVALENT RAISIN TYPE IN CALIF LAIOs BUT NOT
HARVESTED DUE TO SEVERE WEATHER DAMAGE), 1977-14550.

2/ ORIEO BASIS» | TON RAISINS IS EQUIVALENT TO 4.50 TONS

OF FRESH GRAPES FOR 1976 AND 4,56 FOR 1977,

ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROP.

GEORGIA AND SOUTH CAROLINA.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 B-23 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, 30a



SOYBEANS FOR BEANS

STATE AREA HARVESTED 1 YIELD : PRODUCTION
+ ' TND ¢ 7 + IND t t 7 TNO
1976 + \977_ 8 1978 33976 + 1977 3 3978 4 1976 3 1977 4 1978
19000 ACRES BUSHELS 19000 BUSHELS

'

i]

4

+

'
ALA ’ 19170 19600 1,950 24.0 2120 2400 285080 339600 469800
ARK 1 49320 40600 42800 1940 2240 21.0 824080 101200 100800
OEL ' 205 225 235 24,0 2300 2 41920 59175 69345
FLA ' 253 327 400 2600 = 2400 69578 79848 109400
GA ' 870 14090 1e700 2345 2000 200445 210800 370400
TUL ' 79560 8,850 99200 3300 3760 2499480 3272450 3129800
IND t 39280 39870 49100 3400 3600 1119520 1399320 1279100
1OWA ‘ 69450 79230 79500 300 3400 1999950 2459820 © 2554000
ANS = $ 865 990 16301540 2860 129975 278720319460
KY ’ 11070 14360 16450 2700 2905 289890 = 409120 = 379700
LA ' 29250 25680 25950 28,0 23.5 639000 629980 739750
MO t 295 320 25.0 2640 79375 89320 109695
MICH $ 565 720 20.5 2940 119583 209880 =_21+060
MINN 4 30020 39830 2200 3540 669460 1339350 1289000
MISS $ 30250 39650 22.0 2065 719500 749825 «819900
Mo $ 4200 44800 20.0 = 3000 84,000 1449000 1434000
NEBR 5 980 19180 20.0 = 3400 199600 409120 «= 384100
NJ $ 138 m7 24,0 2340 30312 49071 49810
NY s 12 13 26.0 2360 312 299 368
NC & = 1st20 19320 22.0 2260 241640 299040 = 384400
N DAK $ 1467 190 12.5 2000 19838 39800 30885
OHIO ‘ 25880 34380 33.0 3405 959040 1160610 1156320
OKLA ‘ 250 275 2200 © 2200 59500 69050 69615
PA ' 50 67 29.0 2940 19450 19943 14876
sc 1 19190 19300 18.0 2000 219420 = 260000 = 299200
S$ DAK $+ 271 305 1700 3000 49607 99150 99720
TENN ' 1.800 2200 22.5 2340 409500 509600 = 584080
TEX ’ 347 760 26.0 2640 99022 199760 18000
va ' 398 430 20.5 1865 85159 79955 104560
wis ' 152 192 22.0 3400 39346 69528 59880
us % 495358 5759438 Zool 2906 27D 192874560 167169334 197659024

FLAXSEED

STATE 4 AREA HARVESTED ' YIELD ' PRODUCTION

‘ T T IND T 7 TINO + 7 7 TNO

U 1976 ¢ 1977 4 1976: 1976 § 1977 t 1978 ¢ 1976 1977 1978

¥ T¥000 ACRES ~ BUSHELS T9000 BUSHELS

'
MINN t 195 220 138 1060 Lae 35950 39190 15932
MONT 1/t $s 5 0 1060 50 35 C)
N DAK of 500 a50 480 8.0 49000 89500 59280
S DAK of 230 330 288 600 14380 49290 20746
TEX t ss 9 20 8.0 440 90 200
us t 985 Leah 926 m9 79820 169105 isi56

1/ ESTIMATES DISCONTINUED AFTER 1977 CROPS.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978

B-9

CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


SOYBEANS: Soybean production as of August 1 is forecast at a record high 1.77 billion bushels

(48.0 million metric tons). This total is 3 percent above last year's production and
37 percent above the 1976 crop. Yield is set at 27.9 bushels per acre, down 1.7 bushels from 1977
but 1.8 bushels above two years ago. .

Planted acreage at 64.4 million acres (26.1 million hectares) and acreage for harvest at
63.3 million acres (25.6 million hectares) are both record highs, both up 9 percent from last
year, and 28 percent above 1976.

Al) States in the North Central Region except Iowa and North Dakota expect lower yields than
last year. Iowa yield is expected to be the same as last year at 34 bushels while North Dakota
at 21 bushels per acre is showing an increase of 1 bushel. Decreases of 3 to 6 bushels per acre
from last year are expected in the remaining North Central States. Illinois expects a decrease
of 3 bushels per acre. However, of those States expecting yields lower than last year, the pro-

duction forecast is above a year ago in Michigan, South Dakota and Kansas because of increased
acreage.

In the South Central States, yields are higher than a year ago in Louisiana, Alabama, Mis~
sissippi and Tennessee, but lower in Kentucky, Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas.

All of the Atlantic Coast States except New York, Pennsylvania and South Carolina indicate
higher yields than in 1977. Production is up in all the Atlantic States except Pennsylvania.

As of August 1, Soybeans in the North Central States rated fair to mostly good with pod
development considerably behind 1977. Acreage setting pods ranged from 5 percent in Ohio and 10
percent in Michigan to 30 percent in Illinois and Nebraska, and 41 percent in Iowa. Pod set in
the South Central States was also later than last year and ranged from 7 percent in Arkansas to 31

percent in Louisiana. Soybean condition was rated as fair to mostly good throughout the South
Central and South Atlantic States.

Because of the discontinuance of the July acreage update survey, data on double-cropped soy~
beans carried in the August report last year will not be available in 1978. The most recent data
on double-cropping was published in the Acreage report of June 30, 1978.

FLAXSEED: Flaxseed production is forecast at 11.2 million bushels (283 thousand metric

tons), down 31 percent from 1977 but up 43 percent from 1976. Acreage for har-
vest totals 926 thousand acres (375 thousand hectares), a decrease of 35 percent from last
year and 6 percent below the 1976 harvested acres. Yield per harvested acre at 12.0
bushels is up 0.6 bushel from 1977 and up 4,1 bushels from the 1976 yield.

North Dakota, with 52 percent of the total acres for harvest, expects a yield of 11.0
bushels per acre, up 1.0 bushel from 1977. Based on conditions as of August 1, South Dakota
growers expect to harvest 13.0 bushels per acre, the same as in 1977. Minnesota yield is
forecast at 14.0 bushels per acre, down from the 14.5 bushel yield of last year. On
August 1 about one-third of the Minnesota crop, 6 percent of the North Dakota crop and 12

. Percent of the South Dakota crop was ripe. Harvest was complete in Texas.

PEANUTS: Peanut production is forecast at 3.89 billion pounds (1.76 million metric tons net
weight), 4 percent above the 3.73 billion pounds (1.69 million MT) produced in 1977.

The indicated yield per acre of 2565 pounds is 108 pounds above last year. Acreage to be har-

vested this year totals 1.52 million acres (613 thousand hectares), virtually the same as 1977.

The Virginia-North Carolina area expects to produce 735 million pounds, almost the same as

1977. Indicated yield of 2734 is down 6 pounds from a year ago, The Virginia-North Carolina crop
is in good condition as the growing season has been very favorable and soil moisture adequate.

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-13 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA


For the eight Eastern States, the 1978 fal] acreage for harvest is estimated at 204 thousand
acres, 3 percent above last year. Maine, New York, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island are showing
more acreage for harvest this season.

In the eight Central States, the 1978 fall acreage for harvest is placed at 313 thousand
acres, 3 percent below the 322 thousand acres harvested last year. All Central States are show-
ing a reduction in harvested acreage with the exception of Michigan, Nebraska, and South Dakota.
Minnesota acreage is down 4 percent, North Dakota down 5 percent and Wisconsin down 1 percent from
the 1977 harvested acreage.

In the West, estimated acreage for harvest in 1978 is placed at 63) thousand acres, 2 percent
above last year’s 619 thousand acres. Colorado, Idaho, Oregon and Nevada are showing increases
from last year while Washington's estimated acreage is off by 5 percent

Crop development has been good in most fail potato areas of the Nation. Maine's crop got off
to a good start and has been coming along very well. Limited harvest has started on Long Island,
New York with good quality reported. The Upstate New York crop is developing very well, Harvest
of early varieties is underway in Michigan. Irrigation is widespread as most potato areas have
received below normal rainfall. Most areas of Wisconsin have good vine growth after excessive
rains in July. Good yields are reported on early fields although harvest has been difficult be-
cause of the wet fields. In the Red River Valley of North Dakota, 97 percent of the acreage was
in bloom by July 25 which is well ahead of the 10 year average of 77 percent. On August 1, top-
soil moisture was adequate in all potato producing areas and subsoil moisture was short only in
the northern part of the Valley.

The crop is making good progress in Idaho. On August 1, about 75 percent of the fields were
closing middles. Some random diggings are showing good size and set. The Oregon crop is devel~
oping well. The quality is good and size should improve with a favorable fall. Harvest is under-
way in the Hermiston-Boardman area. In Washington, harvest of a good quality crop of Norgolds
started around the third week of July.

Summer potato crop production is forecast at 21.2 million cwt. (962 thousand metric tons),
Yess than 1 percent above the July 1 forecast but 4 percent below the 22.0 million cwt. (997 thou-
sand MT) produced last year.

Harvest is underway in New Jersey with over 10 percent of the crop dug by August 1. On
Virginia's Eastern Shore, harvest is nearing completion. Effects of the wet spring and a dry
spell during the growing season became apparent as digging progressed. Yields were highly vari-
able but averaged lower than last year.

The Ohio crop continues to make good progress. Light harvest has begun and volume is expect~
ed to pick up after mid-August. Harvest is underway in Michigan. Dry weather has hurt yields on
non-irrigated fields. In Minnesota, limited digging began in Tate July. Soil moisture remains
adequate to surplus in a few areas.

Potato harvest continues active on the High Plains of Texas under favorable conditions.
Most fields are expected to be harvested by early September. The California crop has made excel-
lent progress after a slow start. Harvest is well underway in southern California and is just
starting in the Santa Maria area.

SWEETPOTATOES: The first sweetpotato forecast for the 1978 season places production at 13.4 mil-

lion cwt. (609 thousand metric tons), 8 percent above the 12.4 million cwt. (562
thousand MT) produced last year. The crop is expected to be harvested from 119 thousand acres
(48.0 thousand hectares), 5 percent above the 112 thousand acres (45.5 thousand hectares) harvested
last year. Yield per acre is placed at 113 cwt. compared with 110 cwt. in 1977 and 114 cwt. in
1976.

The New Jersey crop is showing good vine growth. Rainfall has been adequate to date. Har-
vest is expected to begin around September 1 in Virginia. The crop is generally in good condition
with an adequate moisture supply. Harvest is just beginning in the major producing coastal region
of North Carolina. Soil moisture has been adequate in the Pee Dee region of South Carolina to
provide good crop prospects although progress is a little later than usual

CROP PRODUCTION, AUGUST 1978 A-16 CROP REPORTING BOARD, ESCS, USDA