Cr Pr 2-2 (10-09)

Crop

Production

Washington, D.C.

Released October 9, 2009, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For 

information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Corn Production Up Slightly from September Forecast

Soybean Production Up Fractionally

Cotton Production Down 3 Percent

Orange Production Down 10 Percent from Last Season

Corn production is forecast at 13.0 billion bushels, up slightly from last month and 8 percent higher than 2008. Based 

on conditions as of October 1, yields are expected to average 164.2 bushels per acre, up 2.3 bushels from September 

and 10.3 bushels above last year. If realized, this yield will be the highest on record and total production will be second 

only to the record set in 2007. Yield forecasts remained unchanged or increased from last month across the Corn Belt, 

Great Plains, and Ohio Valley where warm, dry weather during much of September helped push the late-developing 

corn crop towards maturity. Light frost was reported in parts of the northern tier of the Great Plains and Corn Belt in 

late September. However, temperatures were not considered low enough to terminate crop growth. Based on 

administrative information, acreage updates were made in several States and farmers now expect to harvest 79.3 million 

acres for grain, down 1 percent from the September forecast but 1 percent above 2008.

Soybean production is forecast at a record high 3.25 billion bushels, up slightly from the September forecast and up 

10 percent from last year. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 42.4 bushels per acre, up 

0.1 bushel from last month and up 2.7 bushels from 2008. If realized, this will be the third highest yield on record. 

Compared with last month, yields are forecast higher or unchanged in all States except Michigan, Mississippi, Ohio, 

and New York. The largest decrease in yield from the September forecast is expected in Mississippi where persistent 

rain during the last two weeks of the month increased the potential impact of disease. Increases of 2 bushels are 

expected in Kentucky, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Virginia. If realized, the forecasted yield in Alabama, Georgia, and 

Nebraska will be a record high and the forecasted yield in Arkansas, Kentucky, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania will 

tie the previous record high. Area for harvest in the U.S. is forecast at 76.6 million acres, down slightly from the 

previous estimate but up 3 percent from 2008.

All Cotton production is forecast at 13.0 million 480-pound bales, down 3 percent from last month but up 1 percent 

from last year. Upland cotton production is forecast at 12.6 million 480-pound bales, down 3 percent from last month 

but up 2 percent from last year. Producers in the Delta region are expecting decreased yield due to excessive amounts 

of rainfall received during September. Upland growers in Alabama and Georgia are expecting record high yields. The 

American-Pima production forecast, at 367,000 bales, was carried forward from the August 2009 forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 2 NASS, USDA

The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2009-10 season is 8.25 million tons, down 10 percent from the 2008-09 final 

utilization and 18 percent lower than the 2007-08 final utilization of 10.1 million tons. The Florida all orange forecast, 

at 136 million boxes (6.12 million tons), is down 16 percent from last season’s final utilization. Early, midseason, and 

navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 69.0 million boxes (3.11 million tons), 18 percent lower than last season. The 

Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 67.0 million boxes (3.02 million tons), is down 14 percent from the 2008-09 crop. 

Weather conditions in Florida’s citrus growing regions during early 2009 were characterized by a series of cold fronts, 

freezing temperatures, and below average rainfall. The drought conditions continued into May, resulting in a 

19 percent decrease in average fruit per tree from last season. 

All orange production in California is forecast at 55.0 million boxes (2.06 million tons), up 13 percent from last 

season’s crop. Navel oranges are forecast at 40.0 million boxes (1.50 million tons), a 16 percent increase from last 

season. The California Valencia forecast, at 15.0 million boxes (563,000 tons), is up 7 percent from the 2008-09 crop. 

The navel orange crop continued to develop well in both size and quality. Harvest is expected to begin in late-October. 

The 2008-09 California Valencia harvest remained underway but was nearing completion. In Texas, orange production 

is forecast at 1.45 million boxes (62,000 tons), down 1 percent from last season’s final utilization. 

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2009-10 season is 1.63 gallons per box at 

42.0 degrees Brix, down 2 percent from last season’s final yield of 1.66 gallons per box. Projected yield from the 

2009-10 early-midseason and Valencia varieties will be published in the January Crop Production report. All 

projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past several seasons.

This report was approved on October 9, 2009.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Joseph W. Glauber

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Carol C. House
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Selected Crops: Area Planted and Harvested Updates................................................................................................................4

Grains & Hay

 Corn for Grain ...........................................................................................................................................................................6

 Ears per Acre ........................................................................................................................................................................30

 Hay, Alfalfa .............................................................................................................................................................................14

 Hay, Other ...............................................................................................................................................................................15

 Rice............................................................................................................................................................................................8

 Rice, by Class.........................................................................................................................................................................8

 Sorghum for Grain.....................................................................................................................................................................7

Oilseeds

 Canola......................................................................................................................................................................................11

 Peanuts.....................................................................................................................................................................................11

 Soybeans....................................................................................................................................................................................9

 Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet.....................................................................................................................................31

 Sunflower ................................................................................................................................................................................10

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton ......................................................................................................................................................................................12

 Cumulative Bolls Counts......................................................................................................................................................32

 Cottonseed ...............................................................................................................................................................................13

 Sugarbeets................................................................................................................................................................................16

 Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed .................................................................................................................................................16

 Tobacco ...................................................................................................................................................................................18

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Dry Edible Beans......................................................................................................................................................................17

Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts 

 Apples......................................................................................................................................................................................21

 Grapes......................................................................................................................................................................................23

 Papayas....................................................................................................................................................................................23

 Prunes......................................................................................................................................................................................23

 Pecans......................................................................................................................................................................................22

Citrus

 Grapefruit ................................................................................................................................................................................20

 Lemons....................................................................................................................................................................................20

 Oranges....................................................................................................................................................................................20

 Tangelos ..................................................................................................................................................................................20

 Tangerines ...............................................................................................................................................................................20

Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops

 Potatoes....................................................................................................................................................................................18

Crop Comments.............................................................................................................................................................................36

Crop Summary ..............................................................................................................................................................................24

Information Contacts ....................................................................................................................................................................46

Reliability of Production Data in this Report..............................................................................................................................44

Weather Maps................................................................................................................................................................................33

Weather Summary ........................................................................................................................................................................34
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 4 NASS, USDA

Selected Crops: Area Planted and Harvested by State

and United States, 2009

State

Corn Sorghum Soybeans

Planted 1 Harvested Planted 1 Harvested Planted 1 Harvested

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

280

45

430

550

1,100

26

170

70

420

290

12,000

5,600

13,700

4,100

1,220

630

28

460

18

2,300

7,600

730

3,000

75

9,150

6

15

80

140

1,070

860

1,950

3,350

390

60

1,350

2

325

5,000

670

2,350

65

91

480

170

45

3,800

90

86,351

260

10

410

125

950

160

37

350

80

11,800

5,440

13,350

3,870

1,130

620

400

1,990

7,100

710

2,900

30

8,900

69

60

600

800

1,750

3,120

330

33

880

295

4,600

590

2,100

21

355

90

29

2,900

50

79,294

35

40

170

55

40

2,700

70

13

50

250

80

250

170

2,700

6,623

10

35

110

40

38

2,500

67

12

45

140

49

210

125

2,300

5,681

440

3,420

185

36

470

9,400

5,450

9,600

3,700

1,430

1,020

485

2,000

7,200

2,170

5,350

4,800

89

255

1,800

3,900

4,600

405

450

570

4,250

1,570

215

590

20

1,640

77,510

430

3,370

183

33

450

9,350

5,430

9,530

3,650

1,410

970

475

1,990

7,100

2,140

5,300

4,750

87

252

1,760

3,850

4,580

370

445

560

4,200

1,530

195

580

19

1,630

76,619

1 Updated from previous report.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 5 NASS, USDA

Selected Crops: Area Planted and Harvested by State

and United States, 2009 1

State

Canola

Sunflower

Oil Non-Oil All

Planted Harvested Planted Harvested Planted Harvested Planted Harvested

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

CA

CO

ID

KS

MN

MT

NE

ND

OK

OR

SD

TX

Oth

 Sts 2

US

15.5

13.0

6.5

730.0

45.0

4.9

16.1

831.0

15.0

12.0

6.2

715.0

40.0

4.4

14.9

807.5

37.0

70.0

150.0

45.0

27.0

770.0

13.0

520.0

66.0

1,698.0

36.0

64.0

140.0

43.0

26.0

740.0

12.0

505.0

58.0

1,624.0

8.0

21.0

18.0

26.0

25.0

115.0

5.0

50.0

66.0

334.0

8.0

19.0

17.0

24.0

24.0

110.0

4.0

47.0

62.0

315.0

45.0

91.0

168.0

71.0

52.0

885.0

18.0

570.0

132.0

2,032.0

44.0

83.0

157.0

67.0

50.0

850.0

16.0

552.0

120.0

1,939.0

1 Updated from previous report.

2 Other States for Canola include CO, KS, and WA.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 6 NASS, USDA

Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MD

MI

MN

MS

MO

NE

NJ

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WI

Oth

 Sts 1

US

235

430

170

1,080

152

310

11,900

5,460

12,800

3,630

1,120

510

400

2,140

7,200

700

2,650

8,550

74

640

830

2,300

3,120

320

880

315

4,400

630

2,030

340

90

2,880

354

78,640

260

410

125

950

160

350

11,800

5,440

13,350

3,870

1,130

620

400

1,990

7,100

710

2,900

8,900

69

600

800

1,750

3,120

330

880

295

4,600

590

2,100

355

90

2,900

350

79,294

104.0

155.0

195.0

137.0

125.0

140.0

179.0

160.0

171.0

134.0

136.0

144.0

121.0

138.0

164.0

140.0

144.0

163.0

116.0

144.0

78.0

124.0

135.0

115.0

133.0

65.0

133.0

118.0

125.0

108.0

205.0

137.0

155.3

153.9

108.0

153.0

180.0

138.0

145.0

143.0

179.0

163.0

187.0

144.0

155.0

134.0

138.0

146.0

167.0

137.0

151.0

169.0

135.0

133.0

110.0

120.0

165.0

105.0

144.0

107.0

147.0

135.0

125.0

125.0

205.0

137.0

154.1

161.9

108.0

153.0

180.0

140.0

145.0

140.0

179.0

166.0

188.0

145.0

157.0

132.0

145.0

144.0

170.0

130.0

151.0

178.0

135.0

132.0

115.0

123.0

166.0

110.0

144.0

110.0

150.0

136.0

130.0

128.0

205.0

144.0

155.0

164.2

24,440

66,650

33,150

147,960

19,000

43,400

2,130,100

873,600

2,188,800

486,420

152,320

73,440

48,400

295,320

1,180,800

98,000

381,600

1,393,650

8,584

92,160

64,740

285,200

421,200

36,800

117,040

20,475

585,200

74,340

253,750

36,720

18,450

394,560

54,969

12,101,238

28,080

62,730

22,500

133,000

23,200

49,000

2,112,200

903,040

2,509,800

561,150

177,410

81,840

58,000

286,560

1,207,000

92,300

437,900

1,584,200

9,315

79,200

92,000

215,250

517,920

36,300

126,720

32,450

690,000

80,240

273,000

45,440

18,450

417,600

54,263

13,018,058

1 Other States include AZ, FL, ID, MT, NM, OR, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 

2009 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 7 NASS, USDA

Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CO

IL

KS

LA

MS

MO

NE

NM

OK

SD

TX

Oth

 Sts 1

US

115

150

76

2,750

110

82

80

210

80

310

115

3,050

143

7,271

35

110

38

2,500

67

12

45

140

49

210

125

2,300

50

5,681

88.0

30.0

103.0

78.0

87.0

71.0

97.0

91.0

43.0

45.0

64.0

52.0

68.4

65.0

93.0

32.0

87.0

82.0

75.0

78.0

86.0

90.0

41.0

42.0

64.0

47.0

53.6

65.5

93.0

35.0

90.0

83.0

77.0

74.0

89.0

90.0

44.0

42.0

66.0

44.0

52.4

64.0

10,120

4,500

7,828

214,500

9,570

5,822

7,760

19,110

3,440

13,950

7,360

158,600

9,782

472,342

3,255

3,850

3,420

207,500

5,159

888

4,005

12,600

2,156

8,820

8,250

101,200

2,620

363,723

1

For 2008, Other States include AL, AZ, CA, GA, KY, NC, PA, SC, and TN. For 2009, Other States include AZ, and GA. Individual State level 

estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2009 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 8 NASS, USDA

Rice: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AR

CA

LA

MS

MO

TX

US

1,395

517

464

229

199

172

2,976

1,475

549

470

238

199

170

3,101

6,660

8,320

5,830

6,850

6,620

6,900

6,846

6,850

8,300

6,300

7,000

6,800

7,200

7,051

6,850

8,500

6,400

6,800

7,000

7,500

7,115

92,938

43,030

27,037

15,687

13,173

11,868

203,733

101,038

46,665

30,080

16,184

13,930

12,750

220,647

Rice: Production by Class, United States,

2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

Year Long Grain Medium Grain Short Grain 1 All

1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

2007

2008

2009 2

143,235

153,257

154,213

51,063

47,166

62,979

4,090

3,310

3,455

198,388

203,733

220,647

1

Sweet rice production included with short grain.

2 The 2009 rice production by class forecasts are based on class harvested acreage estimates and the 5-year average class yield compared to the all 

rice yield.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 9 NASS, USDA

Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AR

DE

GA

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MD

MI

MN

MS

MO

NE

NJ

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WI

Oth

 Sts 1

US

350

3,250

193

415

9,120

5,430

9,670

3,250

1,380

950

485

1,890

6,970

1,960

5,030

4,860

90

226

1,670

3,760

4,480

360

430

530

4,060

1,460

205

570

1,590

47

74,681

430

3,370

183

450

9,350

5,430

9,530

3,650

1,410

970

475

1,990

7,100

2,140

5,300

4,750

87

252

1,760

3,850

4,580

370

445

560

4,200

1,530

195

580

1,630

52

76,619

35.0

38.0

27.5

31.0

47.0

45.0

46.5

37.0

34.5

33.0

30.0

37.0

38.0

40.0

38.0

46.5

30.0

46.0

33.0

28.0

36.0

25.0

40.0

32.0

34.0

34.0

24.5

32.0

35.0

39.1

39.7

37.0

38.0

36.0

34.0

44.0

43.0

52.0

40.0

42.0

35.0

39.0

38.0

40.0

41.0

42.0

51.0

35.0

43.0

34.0

30.0

47.0

26.0

45.0

27.0

39.0

40.0

25.0

35.0

39.0

33.6

42.3

37.0

39.0

36.0

34.0

44.0

43.0

52.0

40.0

44.0

37.0

40.0

37.0

40.0

39.0

42.0

52.0

38.0

42.0

34.0

30.0

46.0

28.0

46.0

27.0

40.0

40.0

25.0

37.0

39.0

35.6

42.4

12,250

123,500

5,308

12,865

428,640

244,350

449,655

120,250

47,610

31,350

14,550

69,930

264,860

78,400

191,140

225,990

2,700

10,396

55,110

105,280

161,280

9,000

17,200

16,960

138,040

49,640

5,023

18,240

55,650

1,840

2,967,007

15,910

131,430

6,588

15,300

411,400

233,490

495,560

146,000

62,040

35,890

19,000

73,630

284,000

83,460

222,600

247,000

3,306

10,584

59,840

115,500

210,680

10,360

20,470

15,120

168,000

61,200

4,875

21,460

63,570

1,850

3,250,113

1 Other States include FL and WV. Individual State level estimates will be published in the "Crop Production 2009 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 10 NASS, USDA

Sunflower: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State,

and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

Varietal

Type &

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009 12007 2008 2009 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Oil

 CA 2

 CO

 KS

 MN

 NE

 ND

 OK 2

 SD

 TX

 Oth

 Sts 3

 US

Non-Oil

 CA 2

 CO

 KS

 MN

 NE

 ND

 OK 2

 SD

 TX

 Oth

 Sts 3

 US

All

 CA 2

 CO

 KS

 MN

 NE

 ND

 OK 2

 SD

 TX

 Oth

 Sts 3

 US

143.0

205.0

73.0

43.0

930.0

545.0

54.0

69.0

2,062.0

19.0

19.0

39.0

18.0

150.0

48.0

33.0

8.0

334.0

162.0

224.0

112.0

61.0

1,080.0

593.0

87.0

77.0

2,396.0

36.0

64.0

140.0

43.0

26.0

740.0

12.0

505.0

58.0

1,624.0

8.0

19.0

17.0

24.0

24.0

110.0

4.0

47.0

62.0

315.0

44.0

83.0

157.0

67.0

50.0

850.0

16.0

552.0

120.0

1,939.0

900

1,240

1,550

1,300

1,430

1,780

1,100

1,191

1,452

1,300

1,300

1,300

1,500

1,210

1,650

1,000

1,066

1,285

947

1,245

1,463

1,359

1,399

1,769

1,062

1,178

1,429

1,177

1,361

1,332

1,486

1,340

1,557

1,125

1,809

845

1,538

110,000

210,250

140,800

40,920

1,297,750

599,060

19,140

65,665

2,483,585

19,500

22,080

50,700

17,550

203,200

32,000

31,200

9,055

385,285

129,500

232,330

191,500

58,470

1,500,950

631,060

50,340

74,720

2,868,870

128,700

254,200

113,150

55,900

1,329,900

970,100

59,400

82,160

2,993,510

24,700

24,700

50,700

27,000

181,500

79,200

33,000

8,530

429,330

153,400

278,900

163,850

82,900

1,511,400

1,049,300

92,400

90,690

3,422,840

51,800

113,000

209,200

99,570

67,000

1,323,400

18,000

998,300

101,400

2,981,670

1

2009 yield and production estimates for oil and non-oil varieties will be published in the "Crop Production 2009 Summary."

2 Beginning in 2009, CA and OK are published individually.

3

For 2008, Other States include CA, IL, MI, MO, MT. OK, WI, and WY. Beginning in 2009, Other States is discontinued.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 11 NASS, USDA

Peanuts: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield and Production by State and

United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Planted Area Harvested

2007 2008 12009 2007 2008 12009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

AL

FL

GA

MS

NM

NC

OK

SC

TX

VA

US

160.0

130.0

530.0

19.0

10.0

92.0

18.0

59.0

190.0

22.0

1,230.0

195.0

150.0

690.0

22.0

8.0

98.0

19.0

71.0

257.0

24.0

1,534.0

155.0

115.0

505.0

21.0

7.0

67.0

13.0

49.0

165.0

12.0

1,109.0

157.0

119.0

520.0

18.0

10.0

90.0

17.0

56.0

187.0

21.0

1,195.0

193.0

140.0

685.0

21.0

8.0

97.0

18.0

68.0

253.0

24.0

1,507.0

153.0

105.0

500.0

20.0

7.0

66.0

12.0

47.0

160.0

12.0

1,082.0

State

Yield Production

2007 2008 1

2009

2007 2008 12009

Sep 1 Oct 1

Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

AL

FL

GA

MS

NM

NC

OK

SC

TX

VA

US

2,550

2,700

3,120

3,300

3,200

2,900

3,400

3,100

3,700

2,500

3,073

3,500

3,200

3,400

3,900

3,200

3,700

3,500

3,900

3,300

3,350

3,426

3,300

3,100

3,500

3,500

3,200

3,400

3,200

3,300

3,400

3,400

3,397

3,300

3,100

3,500

3,500

3,200

3,500

3,400

3,000

3,200

3,400

3,363

400,350

321,300

1,622,400

59,400

32,000

261,000

57,800

173,600

691,900

52,500

3,672,250

675,500

448,000

2,329,000

81,900

25,600

358,900

63,000

265,200

834,900

80,400

5,162,400

504,900

325,500

1,750,000

70,000

22,400

231,000

40,800

141,000

512,000

40,800

3,638,400

1

2008 Revised.

Canola: Area Harvested, Yield and Production by State

and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

ID 1

MN

MT

ND

OK 1

OR 1

Oth Sts 2

US

22.0

7.4

895.0

64.6

989.0

15.0

12.0

6.2

715.0

40.0

4.4

14.9

807.5

1,600

1,910

1,460

1,378

1,461

1,200

1,800

2,100

1,900

1,400

2,500

1,658

1,861

38,400

9,639

1,316,100

66,595

1,430,734

35,200

14,134

1,306,700

89,030

1,445,064

18,000

21,600

13,020

1,358,500

56,000

11,000

24,700

1,502,820

1 Beginning in 2009, ID, OK, and OR are published individually.

2

For 2008, Other States include CO, ID, KS, MI, OK, OR, and WA. For 2009, Other States include CO, KS, and WA.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 12 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type, State,

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

Type

and

State

Area Harvested Yield Production 1

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Bales 21,000 Bales 2

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima 3

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

286.0

133.0

615.0

117.0

65.0

920.0

25.0

234.0

360.0

303.0

35.0

428.0

155.0

134.0

280.0

3,250.0

60.0

7,400.0

0.8

151.0

1.9

15.0

168.7

286.0

133.8

615.0

268.0

65.0

920.0

25.0

234.0

360.0

303.0

36.9

428.0

155.0

134.0

280.0

3,265.0

60.0

7,568.7

250.0

139.0

500.0

70.0

81.0

990.0

32.0

225.0

285.0

263.0

28.0

370.0

195.0

114.0

280.0

3,700.0

64.0

7,586.0

1.3

127.0

1.4

16.5

146.2

250.0

140.3

500.0

197.0

81.0

990.0

32.0

225.0

285.0

263.0

29.4

370.0

195.0

114.0

280.0

3,716.5

64.0

7,732.2

787

1,462

1,012

1,506

916

835

653

576

911

1,106

974

847

811

881

909

657

908

803

480

1,281

758

768

1,226

787

1,456

1,012

1,379

916

835

653

576

911

1,106

963

847

811

881

909

658

908

813

806

1,450

1,056

1,495

830

897

720

864

960

1,132

1,029

824

837

720

960

701

900

827

997

1,247

789

931

1,205

806

1,446

1,056

1,335

830

897

720

864

960

1,132

1,017

824

837

720

960

702

900

835

806

1,450

1,037

1,495

830

897

720

811

909

1,132

1,029

876

825

737

943

649

900

799

997

1,247

789

931

1,205

806

1,446

1,037

1,335

830

897

720

811

909

1,132

1,017

876

825

737

943

650

900

807

469.0

405.0

1,296.0

367.0

124.0

1,600.0

34.0

281.0

683.0

698.0

71.0

755.0

262.0

246.0

530.0

4,450.0

113.5

12,384.5

0.8

403.0

3.0

24.0

430.8

469.0

405.8

1,296.0

770.0

124.0

1,600.0

34.0

281.0

683.0

698.0

74.0

755.0

262.0

246.0

530.0

4,474.0

113.5

12,815.3

420.0

420.0

1,080.0

218.0

140.0

1,850.0

48.0

380.0

540.0

620.0

60.0

675.0

335.0

175.0

550.0

5,000.0

120.0

12,631.0

2.7

330.0

2.3

32.0

367.0

420.0

422.7

1,080.0

548.0

140.0

1,850.0

48.0

380.0

540.0

620.0

62.3

675.0

335.0

175.0

550.0

5,032.0

120.0

12,998.0

1

Production ginned and to be ginned.

2

480-lb. net weight bale.

3 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 13 NASS, USDA

Cottonseed: Production, United States,

2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Production

2007 2008 2009 1

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

US 6,588.7 4,300.3 4,382.0

1 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 14 NASS, USDA

Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures for Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production

by State and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AZ

CA

CO

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

MI

MN

MO

MT

NE

NV

NM

NY

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

SD

TX

UT

VA

WA

WI

WY

Oth

 Sts 1

US

260

950

820

1,130

350

300

1,150

700

240

770

1,350

350

1,600

970

270

250

350

1,660

420

310

420

550

2,400

130

550

90

410

1,500

530

200

20,980

270

975

840

1,140

340

300

1,000

750

230

730

1,250

330

1,650

970

275

240

420

1,500

520

300

420

500

2,400

160

550

100

480

1,550

600

192

20,982

8.60

7.00

3.30

4.40

3.90

4.00

3.80

4.10

2.50

2.90

3.10

3.20

1.90

3.95

4.80

5.20

2.70

1.40

2.90

3.60

4.00

3.00

2.30

4.70

4.20

3.00

4.40

2.70

2.90

3.05

3.32

8.50

6.70

3.70

4.10

3.80

3.90

3.70

4.30

3.60

2.80

2.80

3.70

2.20

4.10

5.00

5.20

2.00

1.70

3.60

3.60

4.80

3.70

2.40

5.50

4.20

3.40

4.90

2.70

2.60

2.93

3.43

2,040

7,128

3,034

4,715

1,406

756

4,240

2,960

504

1,925

3,190

1,140

3,740

4,015

1,193

1,248

1,008

3,255

1,364

1,258

1,681

1,800

4,950

700

2,255

234

2,288

3,720

1,620

513

69,880

2,236

6,650

2,706

4,972

1,365

1,200

4,370

2,870

600

2,233

4,185

1,120

3,040

3,832

1,296

1,300

945

2,324

1,218

1,116

1,680

1,650

5,520

611

2,310

270

1,804

4,050

1,537

610

69,620

2,295

6,533

3,108

4,674

1,292

1,170

3,700

3,225

828

2,044

3,500

1,221

3,630

3,977

1,375

1,248

840

2,550

1,872

1,080

2,016

1,850

5,760

880

2,310

340

2,352

4,185

1,560

562

71,977

1 Other States include AR, CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NC, RI, TN, VT, and WV. Individual State level estimates will be published in the 

"Crop Production 2009 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 15 NASS, USDA

All Other Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AR

CA

CO

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

Oth

 Sts 1

US

900

1,390

570

750

720

280

270

290

400

2,050

2,400

430

250

600

720

3,850

800

1,600

970

800

1,560

720

2,600

605

1,200

1,450

1,850

4,300

1,180

300

580

400

500

1,797

39,082

820

1,400

640

760

690

360

260

300

370

2,100

2,200

450

290

800

820

3,550

800

1,700

1,060

780

1,120

660

2,700

640

1,100

1,450

1,900

4,500

1,170

360

600

380

570

1,895

39,195

2.20

2.20

3.80

1.70

2.20

2.20

1.90

2.30

2.40

1.90

1.90

2.50

1.60

1.80

2.70

2.00

1.30

1.50

1.80

2.00

1.15

2.20

1.70

2.10

1.80

1.60

2.10

2.00

2.10

2.70

1.80

1.90

1.40

2.21

1.95

2.30

2.20

3.70

2.20

2.50

2.10

2.40

2.30

2.40

1.80

2.40

2.60

1.80

1.50

3.00

2.10

1.50

1.50

1.50

2.40

1.50

2.50

1.60

2.10

2.60

1.50

2.40

2.00

2.20

2.90

1.90

1.90

1.40

2.17

2.06

1,512

3,045

1,914

1,425

1,273

630

510

660

704

3,570

3,600

1,134

504

1,050

1,840

6,388

1,350

2,170

1,692

1,035

1,808

1,440

5,600

1,260

2,400

2,325

2,625

14,040

2,160

1,050

855

672

728

4,052

77,021

1,980

3,058

2,166

1,275

1,584

616

513

667

960

3,895

4,560

1,075

400

1,080

1,944

7,700

1,040

2,400

1,746

1,600

1,794

1,584

4,420

1,271

2,160

2,320

3,885

8,600

2,478

810

1,044

760

700

3,967

76,052

1,886

3,080

2,368

1,672

1,725

756

624

690

888

3,780

5,280

1,170

522

1,200

2,460

7,455

1,200

2,550

1,590

1,872

1,680

1,650

4,320

1,344

2,860

2,175

4,560

9,000

2,574

1,044

1,140

722

798

4,117

80,752

1 Other States include AZ, CT, DE, FL, ME, MD, MA, NV, NH, NJ, NM, RI, SC, UT, and VT. Individual State level estimates will be published 

in the "Crop Production 2009 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 16 NASS, USDA

Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

CA

CO

ID

MI

MN

MT

NE

ND

OR

WA 2

WY

US

25.4

28.6

116.0

136.0

399.0

30.7

37.3

197.0

5.9

1.6

27.1

1,004.6

24.6

35.0

163.0

136.0

450.0

37.9

52.5

219.0

10.5

30.0

1,158.5

39.7

26.5

31.2

28.7

24.7

26.8

22.6

25.9

33.1

41.9

24.5

26.7

40.0

27.7

34.1

27.0

25.0

29.5

22.0

25.0

34.8

26.0

27.0

40.0

27.7

34.1

27.0

24.5

29.5

22.0

24.5

34.8

26.0

26.8

1,008

758

3,619

3,903

9,855

823

843

5,102

195

67

664

26,837

984

970

5,558

3,672

11,025

1,118

1,155

5,366

365

780

30,993

1 Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except CA. In CA, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central CA and to 

year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern CA.

2 Estimates discontinued in 2009.

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield 1Production 1

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

FL

HI

LA

TX

US

401.0

22.8

405.0

39.2

868.0

390.0

21.7

400.0

41.0

852.7

33.1

65.5

28.3

35.5

31.8

36.7

67.2

27.0

35.0

32.8

36.7

67.2

28.0

37.4

33.4

13,255

1,494

11,462

1,392

27,603

14,313

1,458

11,200

1,533

28,504

1 Net tons.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 17 NASS, USDA

Dry Edible Beans: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production

by State and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Planted Area Harvested

2008 2009 12008 2009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

AZ 2 3

CA

CO

ID

KS

MI

MN

MT 2

NE

NM 2

NY

ND

OR 2

SD

TX

UT 4

WA

WI 2

WY

US

52.0

48.0

80.0

6.0

200.0

150.0

11.2

135.0

9.3

17.0

660.0

4.8

8.5

24.0

1.2

50.0

6.5

31.5

1,495.0

11.0

69.0

57.0

100.0

8.5

200.0

150.0

12.0

130.0

12.0

17.0

610.0

6.0

10.5

37.5

58.0

6.1

38.0

1,532.6

51.9

44.0

79.0

5.5

195.0

145.0

9.8

126.0

9.3

16.8

640.0

4.7

8.3

21.8

1.2

50.0

6.4

30.5

1,445.2

11.0

68.0

52.0

99.0

8.0

195.0

140.0

11.6

120.0

12.0

16.4

550.0

5.9

10.1

35.0

58.0

6.0

37.0

1,435.0

Yield 5Production 5

2008 2009 2008 2009

Pounds Pounds 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AZ 2 3

CA

CO

ID

KS

MI

MN

MT 2

NE

NM 2

NY

ND

OR 2

SD

TX

UT 4

WA

WI 2

WY

US

1,850

1,500

1,850

2,100

1,850

1,950

1,950

2,290

2,300

1,930

1,570

2,000

1,840

1,300

550

1,770

2,130

2,310

1,768

2,100

2,050

1,650

2,000

2,250

1,750

1,800

2,090

2,350

2,300

1,300

1,500

2,300

1,700

1,600

1,770

2,000

2,100

1,754

960

660

1,462

116

3,607

2,828

191

2,885

214

324

10,048

94

153

283

7

885

136

705

25,558

231

1,394

858

1,980

180

3,413

2,520

243

2,820

276

213

8,250

136

172

560

1,027

120

777

25,170

1 Updated from the August "Crop Production" report.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

3 Estimates began in 2009.

4 Estimates discontinued in 2009.

5 Cleaned basis.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 18 NASS, USDA

Winter Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield,

and Production by State and United States, 2008-2009

State

Area Planted Area Harvested

2008 2009 2008 2009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

CA 11.0 9.0 11.0 8.7

Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009

Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

CA 230 245 2,530 2,132

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State and

United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008

2009

2008 2009

Sep 1 Oct 1

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CT

GA

KY

MA

MO 1

NC

OH 2

PA

SC

TN

VA

US

2,600

16,000

87,800

690

1,500

174,300

3,400

7,900

19,000

21,800

19,500

354,490

1,750

14,000

88,700

390

177,300

3,200

8,200

18,500

21,600

19,650

353,290

1,352

2,100

2,345

1,403

2,240

2,240

2,050

2,232

2,100

2,403

2,357

2,258

1,343

1,500

2,379

1,546

2,389

2,000

2,349

2,050

2,458

2,263

2,319

1,371

1,500

2,338

1,523

2,389

2,000

2,349

2,000

2,362

2,310

2,304

3,516

33,600

205,850

968

3,360

390,360

6,970

17,630

39,900

52,380

45,970

800,504

2,400

21,000

207,360

594

423,540

6,400

19,265

37,000

51,020

45,385

813,964

1 Estimates discontinued in 2009.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 19 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

Class, Type, and State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009 2008 2009

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 GA

 NC

 SC

 VA

 US

Class 2, Fire-cured

 KY

 TN

 VA

 US

Class 3, Air-cured

 Light Air-cured

 Burley

 KY

 MO 1

 NC

 OH 2

 PA

 TN

 VA

 US

 Southern MD Belt

 PA

 Total Light Air-cured

 Dark Air-cured

 KY

 TN

 US

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 CT Valley Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 CT Valley Shade-grown

 CT

 MA

 US

All Cigar Types

All Tobacco

16,000

171,000

19,000

17,000

223,000

10,900

7,200

500

18,600

70,000

1,500

3,300

3,400

4,300

13,000

2,000

97,500

1,800

99,300

6,900

1,600

8,500

1,800

1,700

500

2,200

900

190

1,090

5,090

354,490

14,000

174,000

18,500

17,000

223,500

9,100

6,400

650

16,150

75,000

3,300

3,200

4,100

14,000

2,000

101,600

2,100

103,700

4,600

1,200

5,800

2,000

1,000

300

1,300

750

90

840

4,140

353,290

2,100

2,250

2,100

2,410

2,239

3,500

3,200

2,000

3,344

2,100

2,240

1,700

2,050

2,300

1,900

2,000

2,067

2,100

2,068

3,000

2,900

2,981

2,200

1,380

1,460

1,398

1,300

1,250

1,292

1,659

2,258

1,500

2,400

2,000

2,350

2,307

3,500

3,200

1,900

3,317

2,150

1,800

2,000

2,400

1,950

2,100

2,115

2,250

2,118

3,100

2,700

3,017

2,350

1,500

1,650

1,535

1,200

1,100

1,189

1,858

2,304

33,600

384,750

39,900

40,970

499,220

38,150

23,040

1,000

62,190

147,000

3,360

5,610

6,970

9,890

24,700

4,000

201,530

3,780

205,310

20,700

4,640

25,340

3,960

2,346

730

3,076

1,170

238

1,408

8,444

800,504

21,000

417,600

37,000

39,950

515,550

31,850

20,480

1,235

53,565

161,250

5,940

6,400

9,840

27,300

4,200

214,930

4,725

219,655

14,260

3,240

17,500

4,700

1,500

495

1,995

900

99

999

7,694

813,964

1 Estimates discontinued in 2009.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 20 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

2007-08, 2008-09 and Forecast October 1, 2009 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2009-08 2008-09 2009-10

1,000 Boxes 21,000 Boxes 21,000 Boxes 21,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

Grapefruit

 White

 FL

 Colored

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA

 FL

 TX

 US

Tangerines and Mandarins

 AZ 5

 CA 5

 FL

 US

Lemons

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

230

45,000

83,500

1,600

130,330

150

17,000

86,700

196

104,046

380

62,000

170,200

1,796

234,376

9,000

17,600

100

5,200

26,600

6,000

37,900

400

6,700

5,500

12,600

1,500

14,800

16,300

1,500

150

34,500

84,600

1,300

120,550

100

14,000

77,800

159

92,059

250

48,500

162,400

1,459

212,609

6,600

15,100

25

5,600

21,700

5,500

32,825

250

6,700

3,850

10,800

3,000

22,000

25,000

1,150

40,000

69,000

1,250

110,250

15,000

67,000

200

82,200

55,000

136,000

1,450

192,450

5,800

14,000

4,700

19,800

5,300

29,800

350

7,000

4,900

12,250

2,500

20,000

22,500

1,000

9

1,688

3,758

68

5,523

6

637

3,901

9

4,553

15

2,325

7,659

77

10,076

383

748

3

174

1,131

240

1,548

15

251

261

527

57

562

619

68

5

1,294

3,807

55

5,161

4

525

3,501

7

4,037

9

1,819

7,308

62

9,198

280

642

1

188

922

220

1,331

9

251

183

443

114

836

950

52

1,500

3,105

53

4,658

563

3,015

9

3,587

2,063

6,120

62

8,245

247

595

157

842

212

1,211

13

263

233

509

95

760

855

45

1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year.

2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos-90; tangerines and 

mandarins-AZ & CA-75, FL-95.

3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of tangerines 

in TX and Temples in FL.

4 Estimates discontinued beginning with the 2009-10 crop year.

5

Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 21 NASS, USDA

Apples, Commercial: Total Production by State and United States,

2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009 1

State

Total Production

2007 2008 2009

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

AZ 2

CA 2

CO 2

CT 2

GA 3

ID 2

IL 2

IN 2

IA 2

KY 3

ME 2

MD 2

MA 2

MI

MN 2

MO 2

NH 2

NJ 2

NY

NC

OH 2

OR 2

PA

RI 2

SC 3

TN 2

UT 2

VT 2

VA

WA

WV

WI 2

US

23.0

345.0

13.0

23.0

2.0

35.0

6.0

20.0

2.7

0.6

40.0

29.0

38.5

770.0

26.0

1.5

34.5

42.0

1,310.0

60.0

55.6

135.0

470.0

2.6

0.3

0.1

19.0

38.0

215.0

5,200.0

80.0

52.0

9,089.4

18.0

360.0

18.0

19.5

12.0

85.0

46.2

23.0

4.7

7.7

38.5

33.5

41.0

600.0

27.1

30.2

36.5

43.0

1,250.0

165.0

104.0

119.0

440.0

2.4

7.0

10.0

12.0

44.0

230.0

5,800.0

85.0

57.0

9,769.3

22.0

330.0

16.0

18.0

65.0

45.0

32.0

4.2

35.5

33.7

39.5

1,150.0

26.5

25.1

28.5

44.0

1,290.0

100.0

99.0

110.0

485.0

2.0

8.0

18.0

40.5

200.0

5,600.0

90.0

58.5

10,016.0

1

In orchards of 100 or more bearing age trees.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

3 Estimates discontinued in 2009.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 22 NASS, USDA

Pecans: Production by Variety, State, and United States,

2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

Variety

and

State

Utilized Production (In-Shell Basis)

2007 2008 2009

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Improved

 Varieties 1

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC 2

 OK

 SC

 TX

 US

Native and

 Seedling

 AL

 AR

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NC 2

 OK

 SC

 TX

 US

All Pecans

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC 2

 OK

 SC

 TX

 US

10,000

23,000

1,500

4,400

1,700

135,000

3,000

2,200

2

74,000

160

3,000

1,500

44,000

303,462

2,000

800

200

15,000

500

11,000

800

3

40

27,000

500

26,000

83,843

12,000

23,000

2,300

4,400

1,900

150,000

500

14,000

3,000

5

74,000

200

30,000

2,000

70,000

387,305

7,400

17,500

1,000

3,750

1,400

66,000

1,000

900

110

43,000

600

1,000

3,000

20,000

166,660

600

500

300

4,000

1,900

4,000

600

830

100

4,000

400

10,000

27,230

8,000

17,500

1,500

3,750

1,700

70,000

1,900

5,000

1,500

940

43,000

700

5,000

3,400

30,000

193,890

11,600

24,000

1,500

3,800

1,800

86,000

2,500

2,000

250

76,000

6,000

3,300

45,000

263,750

1,400

800

300

4,000

1,700

5,500

500

1,550

14,000

700

15,000

45,450

13,000

24,000

2,300

3,800

2,100

90,000

1,700

8,000

2,500

1,800

76,000

20,000

4,000

60,000

309,200

1 Budded, grafted, or topworked varieties.

2 Estimates discontinued in 2009.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 23 NASS, USDA

Grapes: Total Production by Crop, State, and United States,

2007-2008 and Forecasted October 1, 2009

State

Total Production

2007 2008 2009

Tons Tons Tons

 AZ 1

 AR 2

 CA

 All Types

 Wine

 Table 3

 Raisin 3

 GA 2

 MI

 MO 2

 NY

 NC 2

 OH 2

 OR 2

 PA

 TX 2

 VA 2

 WA

 All Types

 Wine

 Juice

 US

900

500

6,230,000

3,288,000

791,000

2,151,000

2,900

100,100

2,500

180,000

3,650

7,600

38,600

84,000

4,900

5,600

396,000

127,000

269,000

7,057,250

800

1,700

6,532,000

3,055,000

972,000

2,505,000

3,500

73,700

5,200

172,000

5,600

5,660

34,700

107,200

4,200

7,000

350,000

145,000

205,000

7,303,260

2,300

6,250,000

3,400,000

850,000

2,000,000

3,700

99,000

4,800

135,000

5,700

4,500

37,000

70,000

7,000

7,000

395,000

155,000

240,000

7,021,000

1 Estimates discontinued in 2009.

2 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

3

Fresh basis.

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2008-2009

Month

Area Fresh Production 1

Total in Crop Harvested

2008 2009

2008 2009 2008 2009

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Jul

Aug

2,310

2,310

2,075

2,070

1,350

1,350

1,315

1,310

2,095

2,380

2,805

2,305

1 Utilized fresh production.

Prunes (Dried Plums): Total Production, California,

2007-2008 and Forecasted 2009 1

Crop

Total Production

2007 2008 2009

Tons Tons Tons

Prunes (Dried Basis) 83,000 129,000 170,000

1

Forecast was carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 24 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2008-2009

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2008 2009 2008 2009

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4

4,246.0

85,982.0

3,247.0

520.0

2,995.0

1,260.0

8,284.0

63,193.0

46,307.0

2,721.0

14,165.0

1,011.0

354.0

79.5

1,534.0

0.2

202.0

75,718.0

2,516.5

9,471.0

9,297.0

174.0

1,090.8

17.5

1,495.0

882.5

271.0

1,059.6

11.0

70.3

47.2

931.1

103.2

3,567.0

86,351.0

3,404.0

405.0

3,125.0

1,241.0

6,623.0

59,133.0

43,311.0

2,554.0

13,268.0

831.0

353.0

53.5

1,109.0

0.9

194.0

77,510.0

2,032.0

9,138.7

8,989.0

149.7

1,185.0

20.5

1,532.6

880.7

410.0

1,061.4

9.0

75.6

43.9

932.9

106.7

3,779.0

78,640.0

5,965.0

60,062.0

20,980.0

39,082.0

1,400.0

460.0

2,976.0

269.0

7,271.0

408.0

55,699.0

39,608.0

2,574.0

13,517.0

989.0

340.0

71.5

1,507.0

0.2

195.0

74,681.0

2,396.0

7,568.7

7,400.0

168.7

1,004.6

868.0

354.5

8.0

1,445.2

847.3

263.0

6.3

0.1

40.9

60.0

1,046.9

11.0

68.8

45.1

922.0

20.4

97.3

0.4

3,123.0

79,294.0

60,177.0

20,982.0

39,195.0

1,379.0

3,101.0

252.0

5,681.0

50,058.0

34,485.0

2,518.0

13,055.0

807.5

341.0

50.5

1,082.0

0.8

187.0

76,619.0

1,939.0

7,732.2

7,586.0

146.2

1,158.5

852.7

353.3

9.7

1,435.0

840.9

399.0

40.2

1,047.6

8.7

73.4

42.5

922.7

103.3

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop 

year.

2 Area planted for all purposes.

3 Acreage is not estimated.

4 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 25 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2008-2009

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Units

Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu

"

Tons

"

"

"

Bu

"

Cwt

Bu

"

Tons

Bu

"

"

"

Lbs

Tons

Bu

Lbs

"

"

"

Bu

Lbs

Bales

"

"

Tons

"

Lbs

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lbs

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lbs

Cwt

Lbs

63.6

153.9

18.7

2.43

3.32

1.95

63.7

32.3

6,846

29.7

65.0

13.8

44.9

47.1

32.6

40.5

1,461

16.8

577

3,426

1,500

1,592

39.7

1,429

813

803

1,226

26.7

31.8

2,258

1,300

1,768

1,448

917

1,370

30,000

1,971

92

396

230

293

306

411

118

190

72.8

164.2

2.54

3.43

2.06

67.6

7,115

27.8

64.0

44.4

44.2

43.7

45.0

1,861

3,363

42.4

1,538

807

799

1,205

26.8

33.4

2,304

1,754

2,013

245

291

346

240,193

12,101,238

111,619

145,672

69,620

76,052

89,135

14,880

203,733

7,979

472,342

5,646

2,499,164

1,867,333

83,827

548,004

1,445,064

4,300.3

5,716

41,255

5,162,400

300

310,433

2,967,007

3,422,840

12,815.3

12,384.5

430.8

26,837

27,603

800,504

104

25,558

12,270

2,411

580

8,600

1,800

80,630.1

5,499

415,055

2,530

20,132

13,805

378,588

2,399

18,443

4,300

227,383

13,018,058

152,729

71,977

80,752

93,276

220,647

6,993

363,723

2,220,156

1,522,718

110,077

587,361

1,502,820

4,535.0

3,638,400

3,250,113

2,981,670

12,998.0

12,631.0

367.0

30,993

28,504

813,964

25,170

80,878.7

2,132

21,325

14,705

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop 

year.

2 Yield in pounds.

3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 26 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2008-2009

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2008 2009 2008 2009

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 4

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 4

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 5

1,718,310

34,796,060

1,314,030

210,440

1,212,050

509,910

3,352,450

25,573,580

18,739,980

1,101,160

5,732,430

409,140

143,260

32,170

620,790

80

81,750

30,642,320

1,018,400

3,832,820

3,762,400

70,420

441,440

7,080

605,010

357,140

109,670

428,810

4,450

28,450

19,100

376,810

41,760

1,443,530

34,945,390

1,377,560

163,900

1,264,660

502,220

2,680,260

23,930,530

17,527,530

1,033,580

5,369,430

336,300

142,860

21,650

448,800

360

78,510

31,367,520

822,330

3,698,340

3,637,760

60,580

479,560

8,300

620,230

356,410

165,920

429,540

3,640

30,590

17,770

377,540

43,180

1,529,320

31,824,820

2,413,980

24,306,490

8,490,400

15,816,090

566,570

186,160

1,204,360

108,860

2,942,500

165,110

22,540,830

16,028,960

1,041,670

5,470,190

400,240

137,590

28,940

609,870

80

78,910

30,222,650

969,640

3,062,980

2,994,710

68,270

406,550

351,270

143,460

3,240

584,860

342,890

106,430

2,550

20

16,550

24,280

423,670

4,450

27,840

18,250

373,120

8,260

39,380

160

1,263,850

32,089,490

24,353,030

8,491,210

15,861,820

558,070

1,254,940

101,980

2,299,040

20,257,970

13,955,730

1,019,010

5,283,230

326,790

138,000

20,440

437,870

320

75,680

31,006,940

784,690

3,129,140

3,069,980

59,170

468,830

345,080

142,970

3,930

580,730

340,300

161,470

16,260

423,950

3,520

29,700

17,200

373,410

41,800

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop 

year.

2 Area planted for all purposes.

3 Total may not add due to rounding.

4 Acreage is not estimated.

5 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 27 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2008-2009

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

2008 2009 2008 2009

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3.42

9.66

41.95

5.44

7.44

4.36

2.28

1.81

7.67

1.86

4.08

31.02

3.02

3.17

2.19

2.73

1.64

1.06

0.65

3.84

1.68

1.78

2.67

1.60

0.91

0.90

1.37

59.88

71.29

2.53

1.46

1.98

1.62

1.03

1.53

33.63

2.21

0.10

44.44

25.78

32.80

34.31

46.02

0.13

21.25

3.92

10.30

5.69

7.69

4.62

2.43

7.98

1.74

4.02

2.98

2.97

2.94

3.03

2.09

3.77

2.85

1.72

0.90

0.90

1.35

59.97

74.93

2.58

1.97

2.26

27.47

32.56

38.78

5,229,590

307,385,600

101,259,050

132,151,420

63,158,200

68,993,210

1,293,790

337,470

9,241,170

202,680

11,998,040

5,121,970

68,016,100

50,820,480

2,281,400

14,914,220

655,470

3,901,170

145,190

18,710

2,341,630

140

140,810

80,748,700

1,552,570

2,790,200

2,696,410

93,800

24,346,120

25,041,020

363,100

4,720

1,159,290

556,560

109,360

26,310

3,900

820

36,570

2,490

18,826,580

114,760

913,170

626,180

17,172,460

1,090

836,560

1,950

4,950,680

330,673,900

138,553,420

65,296,440

73,256,980

1,353,900

10,008,380

177,630

9,238,990

60,422,740

41,441,590

2,995,800

15,985,350

681,670

4,114,080

1,650,350

88,453,580

1,352,460

2,829,980

2,750,080

79,900

28,116,380

25,858,390

369,210

1,141,690

36,690

96,710

967,290

667,010

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop 

year.

2

Production may not add due to rounding.

3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 28 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2008-2010

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Units

Production

2008 2009 2010

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines and Mandarins

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA) (shelled)

 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell)

 Pecans (in-shell)

 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell)

 Maple Syrup

Tons

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Tons

Lbs

Tons

"

Lbs

Tons

"

"

"

Lbs

Tons

Lbs

Tons

Gals

1,548

619

10,076

68

527

9,769.3

81.6

17,400.0

7,303.3

66.8

33,500.0

1,133.3

870.9

129.0

15.5

1,630,000

32.0

193,890

436.0

1,912

1,331

950

9,198

52

443

10,016.0

75.3

7,021.0

50.0

1,078.3

935.3

170.0

18.3

1,350,000

38.0

309,200

415.0

2,327

1,211

855

8,245

45

509

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop 

year, except citrus which is for the 2009-10 season.

2

Production years are 2007-08, 2008-09, and 2009-10.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 29 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2008-2010

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Production

2008 2009 2010

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines and Mandarins

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA) (shelled)

 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell)

 Pecans (in-shell)

 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell)

 Maple Syrup

1,404,320

561,550

9,140,790

61,690

478,090

4,431,280

74,040

7,890

6,625,410

60,600

15,200

1,028,120

790,020

117,030

14,060

739,360

29,030

87,950

395,530

9,560

1,207,460

861,830

8,344,290

47,170

401,880

4,543,180

68,270

6,369,340

45,360

978,250

848,490

154,220

16,600

612,350

34,470

140,250

376,480

11,630

1,098,600

775,640

7,479,740

40,820

461,760

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2009 crop 

year, except citrus which is for the 2009-10 season.

2

Production years are 2007-08, 2008-09, and 2009-10.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 30 NASS, USDA

Corn for Grain: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn producing States during 

2009. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain 

specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are rounded actual field counts from this survey.

Corn for Grain: Number of Ears per Acre,

Selected States, 2005-2009

State Month 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Number Number Number Number Number

IL

IN

IA

KS

MN

MO

NE

 All

NE

 Irrigated

NE

 Non-Irrigated

OH

SD

WI

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

26,950

26,850

26,850

26,850

24,850

24,600

24,650

24,650

27,150

27,100

27,100

27,100

21,100

21,000

20,900

20,900

28,000

27,900

28,050

28,050

22,550

22,600

22,600

22,600

23,250

22,800

22,800

22,800

26,250

25,900

25,900

25,900

19,550

18,950

18,900

18,900

24,800

24,700

24,650

24,650

23,150

23,100

23,050

23,050

26,550

26,350

26,350

26,350

27,600

27,450

27,400

27,400

25,850

25,750

25,700

25,750

27,350

27,350

27,350

27,350

20,850

20,750

20,750

20,750

28,050

28,250

28,250

28,250

23,850

23,800

23,800

23,800

23,850

23,700

23,700

23,550

26,750

26,600

26,600

26,650

19,400

19,150

19,200

18,800

25,200

25,350

25,450

25,450

22,050

21,900

21,700

21,700

26,750

26,850

27,200

27,200

27,750

27,750

27,750

27,750

26,950

26,800

26,800

26,800

28,500

28,400

28,450

28,400

20,900

20,800

20,800

20,800

28,850

28,600

28,600

28,600

23,950

23,950

23,950

23,950

24,850

24,750

24,750

24,750

27,200

27,000

27,000

27,000

21,100

21,050

21,100

21,100

26,350

26,000

25,950

25,950

23,250

22,700

22,700

22,700

27,800

27,700

27,850

27,850

28,600

28,500

28,400

28,350

27,950

27,700

27,700

27,700

28,600

28,600

28,600

28,600

19,850

20,600

20,650

20,650

29,900

29,350

29,450

29,400

25,050

25,000

24,900

24,900

24,050

23,950

23,900

23,900

26,800

27,000

26,900

26,900

19,550

19,500

19,550

19,550

26,950

27,400

27,250

27,250

24,150

23,900

23,800

23,800

27,750

28,300

27,950

27,900

29,150

28,900

27,950

28,100

29,250

29,200

22,750

22,650

30,250

30,750

24,800

24,800

25,650

25,650

27,900

27,950

22,100

22,050

27,700

27,950

26,150

26,050

27,500

28,850
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 31 NASS, USDA

Soybeans: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean producing States 

during 2009. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain 

specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Soybeans: Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet,

Selected States, 2005-2009

State Month 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Number Number Number Number Number

AR 1

IL

IN

IA

KS

MN

MO

NE

ND

OH

SD

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Final

1,796

1,823

1,824

1,824

1,820

1,858

1,858

1,747

1,790

1,899

1,899

1,796

1,935

1,968

1,970

1,383

1,431

1,547

1,546

1,597

1,598

1,640

1,640

1,580

1,585

1,679

1,652

1,778

1,903

1,920

1,920

1,386

1,471

1,496

1,496

1,990

1,890

1,974

1,981

1,572

1,617

1,605

1,556

1,645

1,655

1,667

1,860

1,890

1,923

1,923

1,764

1,893

1,909

1,909

1,688

1,758

1,760

1,760

1,466

1,509

1,581

1,581

1,500

1,586

1,568

1,568

1,673

1,746

1,738

1,735

1,699

1,801

1,784

1,766

1,127

1,241

1,260

1,260

1,868

1,895

1,835

1,866

1,255

1,345

1,316

1,312

1,621

1,665

1,690

1,800

1,796

1,818

1,831

1,667

1,660

1,628

1,641

1,787

1,917

1,933

1,932

1,605

1,524

1,608

1,609

1,558

1,589

1,588

1,588

1,566

1,579

1,685

1,697

1,876

2,042

2,088

2,084

1,323

1,445

1,500

1,497

1,892

1,850

1,909

1,909

1,476

1,492

1,510

1,510

1,569

1,723

1,715

1,621

1,893

1,801

1,829

1,608

1,577

1,648

1,659

1,758

1,732

1,770

1,775

1,346

1,487

1,581

1,629

1,466

1,493

1,470

1,472

1,538

1,473

1,673

1,690

1,692

1,766

1,857

1,857

1,261

1,261

1,405

1,405

1,942

1,755

1,618

1,616

1,425

1,465

1,492

1,492

1,785

1,610

1,672

1,516

1,525

1,858

1,878

1,627

1,759

1,456

1,542

1,856

1,983

1,793

1,878

1,208

1,236

1,846

1,769

1,513

1,642

1

September data not available due to plant immaturity.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 32 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 6 cotton producing States during 

2009. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, Selected States, 2005-2009 1

State Month 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Number Number Number Number Number

AR

GA

LA

MS

NC

TX

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Final

811

728

733

733

733

667

689

767

767

767

746

768

775

775

775

818

729

724

722

722

799

693

721

721

721

620

516

586

585

585

859

814

849

824

824

648

675

774

790

790

760

781

786

785

785

700

699

695

695

695

637

641

671

671

671

530

477

533

544

544

790

839

849

849

849

616

570

707

708

708

796

808

841

841

841

819

745

747

747

747

527

601

625

625

625

602

538

631

632

632

943

810

852

846

846

587

613

733

742

742

655

578

579

579

579

909

679

728

722

722

667

652

702

704

704

633

513

579

573

573

1,051

814

571

731

714

792

925

833

701

730

613

522

1

Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and 

burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 33 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 34 NASS, USDA

September Weather Summary

An unusual weather pattern featured significantly above-normal temperatures in the North and West, but cooler than 

normal conditions across the central and southern Plains. Monthly temperatures ranged from as many as 4 degrees 

Fahrenheit below normal on the central Plains to more than 8 degrees Fahrenheit above normal at a few locations on the 

northern Plains near the Canadian border. The polar jet stream lifted well north of the U.S.-Canadian border for much 

of September, keeping the Midwest largely free of frost and allowing a pair of slow-moving storms to generate 

persistently cloudy, wet weather across parts of the South.

September rainfall significantly eased drought in southern Texas but contributed to Southern fieldwork delays and 

reductions in the quality of crops such as rice, cotton, and soybeans. Rain was especially detrimental to unharvested 

crops in the Delta, while major flooding affected northern Georgia and neighboring areas. In contrast, relatively dry 

weather prevailed in much of the Atlantic coastal plain.

Meanwhile, much of the Midwest experienced a long stretch of nearly ideal conditions for developmentally delayed 

corn and soybeans. The protracted warm, dry spell left more than half (57 percent) of the Nation’s corn crop fully 

mature and more than three-quarters (79 percent) of the soybeans dropping leaves by October 4.

Favorably warm, dry conditions also covered the northern Plains, allowing the spring wheat harvest to near completion 

by month’s end. Across the remainder of the Nation’s mid-section, cool weather and locally heavy showers slowed 

summer crop maturation and caused some minor fieldwork delays. Nevertheless, winter wheat planting proceeded 

roughly on schedule, with more than half (53 percent) of the Nation’s crop planted by October 4.

With the exception of some cool weather and occasional showers in the central and southern Rockies, generally warm, 

dry weather prevailed in the West. Fieldwork included winter wheat seeding in the Northwest, rice harvesting in 

California, and cotton harvesting in Arizona.

September Agricultural Summary

Several slow-moving storm systems dumped tremendous amounts of precipitation in areas of east Texas, the Delta, and 

the Southeast, worsening crop conditions and adding to already surplus soil moisture. Most of these regions received 

monthly accumulations greater than 200 percent of normal, with locations in western North Carolina, northern Georgia, 

and the panhandle of Florida totaling more than 16 inches of rainfall. Conversely, much of the remainder of the country 

received less than normal precipitation. With the exceptions of the southwestern Corn Belt, central and southern Great 

Plains, New Mexico, and spotty locations along the Atlantic Coast, temperatures were above average during the month.

On September 6, eighty-six percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the dough stage and 50 percent was at or beyond 

the dent stage, over 1 week behind the 5-year average. Crop maturity had reached 8 percent, slightly behind last year 

and 15 points behind the average following planting and developmental delays earlier in the season. Above average 

temperatures and drier conditions mid-month in the northern Corn Belt allowed for active development of the crop to 

the dent stage. Ninety-seven percent of the crop was at the dough stage or beyond by September 20, slightly behind last 

year and the average. Unseasonably warm weather in North Dakota and the Great Lakes promoted late-maturing 

summer crop development. By October 4, acreage at the dent stage or beyond had advanced to 95 percent, 4 points 

behind the 5-year average, while crop maturity reached 57 percent complete, 27 points, or nearly 2 weeks, behind 

normal. Harvest was underway in most States by September 27, with 10 percent of the crop harvested Nationwide by 

October 4, fifteen points behind normal. Overall, 70 percent of the corn crop was rated in good to excellent condition 

on October 4, a slight improvement from ratings on August 30 and 9 points better than last year.

Heading of the 2009 sorghum crop had advanced to 96 percent complete by September 6, one point ahead of the 5-year 

average. Heading was complete in the Delta and nearly complete on the Great Plains. Seventy percent of the crop was 

colored by September 13, slightly ahead of last year but 5 points behind the average, while crop maturity had reached 

35 percent, 7 points behind normal. Producers had harvested 30 percent of the crop, 1 point behind last year and 

2 points behind the 5-year average. Despite rapid development to maturation during the week ending September 20, 

double-digit delays remained in Illinois, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and South Dakota. By October 4, 

ninety-one percent of the sorghum crop was at the coloring stage or beyond, slightly behind normal. In Texas, the 

second largest sorghum-producing State, cool temperatures in the Northern High Plains delayed crop development. 

Crop maturity had advanced to 55 percent complete, 13 points behind the average. Harvest remained slow throughout 

the month, advancing just 6 points from September 6 to October 4. Overall, 49 percent of the sorghum crop was rated 

in good to excellent condition on October 4, unchanged from ratings in early September but 5 points below last year.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 35 NASS, USDA

As September began, oat producers continued harvesting their crop, with 93 percent of the Nation’s acreage harvested 

by September 6, six points behind last year and the 5-year average. By September 13, harvest was complete in all of 

the major oat-producing States except Minnesota and North Dakota where progress was over 2 weeks behind normal.

Barley harvest advanced rapidly during the first 2 weeks of September as producers removed 37 percent of the crop 

from their fields. Favorably warm, dry weather provided excellent conditions for fieldwork and by September 27, 

producers had harvested 95 percent of this year’s crop, 2 points behind last year and 3 points behind the 5-year average.

Winter wheat producers had seeded 5 percent of the 2010 crop by September 6, one point ahead of last year but on par 

with the average. Seeding was most advanced in Washington where warm, sunny days afforded producers ample time 

for fieldwork. Seeding remained active but slowed somewhat toward the end of the month. By October 4, seeding was 

complete on 53 percent of the acreage intended for harvest next year, 2 points behind both last year and the average. 

Emergence was evident in 26 percent of the crop, compared with 25 percent last year and 27 percent for the 5-year 

average.

Spring wheat harvest continued to lag normal throughout the month September, but above average temperatures and 

mostly dry conditions across the major growing regions allowed producers to narrow the gap by month’s end. Harvest 

was complete in South Dakota and Washington by September 20, on par with the average, but remained active in Idaho, 

Minnesota, Montana, and North Dakota. By October 4, producers had harvested 97 percent of the Nation’s crop, 

3 points behind last year and 2 points behind the 5-year average. Seventy-four percent of the spring wheat crop was 

rated in good to excellent condition when harvest crossed the halfway point during the week ending September 6.

Heading of the 2009 rice crop had reached 95 percent complete by September 6, slightly behind last year and 3 points 

behind the 5-year average. Heading was complete or nearly complete in all States except Arkansas and Missouri where 

overall progress remained behind normal. The month began with harvest ahead of last year’s pace but behind the 

average. Abnormally wet weather in the Delta slowed progress toward the end of the month as producers battled soggy 

fields. On October 4, sixty-two percent of the rice crop was harvested, 5 points behind last year and 16 points, or over 

1 week, behind normal. Overall, 60 percent of the rice crop was rated in good to excellent condition on October 4. 

Conditions held steady during the first 2 weeks of the month, but declined 3 points from September 13 to October 4 as 

tremendous amounts of rain fell in the Delta causing lodging and downed crop stands in some rice fields.

Pod set was nearly complete in this year’s soybean crop by September 6, with 97 percent of the acreage at or beyond 

the stage, slightly ahead of last year but 2 points behind the 5-year average. Leaves had dropped on 17 percent of the 

soybean crop by September 13 but progress was over 1 week behind the average following delays earlier in the growing 

season. Although leaf drop was active across much of the growing region toward the end of the month, overall progress 

remained behind normal in the 18 major soybean-producing States. Harvest was underway in most States by 

September 27, with the most progress evident in the Delta. Producers had harvested 15 percent of the Nation’s crop by 

October 4, thirteen points behind last year and 21 points behind the average. Overall, 67 percent of the soybean crop 

was rated in good to excellent condition on October 4, compared with 69 percent on August 30 and 57 percent last year. 

Excessively wet weather across the Delta led to a decline in soybean conditions toward the end of the month as 

producers in Arkansas and Mississippi reported sprouting and seed rot in several fields.

By October 4, producers in the 4 major sunflower-producing States had begun harvesting this year’s crop. Nationally, 

5 percent of the crop was harvested, 2 points ahead of last year but 2 points behind the 5-year average. Harvest was 

most advanced in Colorado where producers had harvested 20 percent of their acreage.

Peanut harvest was underway in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina by September 13, with 3 percent of the Nation’s 

crop dug, 1 point ahead of last year and the 5-year average. Wet weather during the week ending September 20 stalled 

harvest in Georgia, the largest peanut-producing State. By October 4, harvest had begun in all of the major peanut 

producing States. At 16 percent complete, progress was 9 points behind last year and 7 points behind the average. 

Overall, 70 percent of the peanut crop was rated in good to excellent condition on October 4, a slight decline from the 

beginning of September but 5 points better than ratings last year.

By September 13, boll set was complete in all of the 15 major cotton-producing States except Alabama and Texas, 

where unfavorable weather conditions had slowed crop development. Bolls were opened in 35 percent of the crop, 

slightly behind last year and 1 week behind the 5-year average. Harvest was underway in several States by 

September 20, but was most advanced in Arizona. Nationally, 7 percent of this year’s crop was harvested, 2 points

behind last year and 4 points behind the average. The harvest pace was slow as the month progressed, advancing just 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 36 NASS, USDA

3 points from September 20 to October 4. A lack of heat units and the need for drier weather held crop development to 

a minimum in the Northern High Plains of Texas, while excessive rainfall delayed harvest in the Blacklands and East 

Texas. Despite active crop development during the latter part of the month in other States, cotton acreage with opened 

bolls reached 68 percent Nationwide on October 4, one week behind the average. Producers had harvested 10 percent 

of their crop, 5 points behind last year and 11 points behind normal. Overall, 47 percent of the cotton crop was rated in 

good to excellent condition on October 4, a 4 point decline from September 6 and 3 points below ratings last year. 

Significant declines in crop condition were evident during late September as abnormally wet weather settled into 

Alabama, Arkansas, and Mississippi causing boll rot, hard lock, and sprouting in some fields, while below average 

temperatures in Kansas left plants without enough heat units to allow for normal boll development.

Producers had begun digging sugarbeets by September 20, with 6 percent of the 2009 crop harvested, 1 point ahead of 

last year but on par with the 5-year average. In North Dakota, the harvest pace fell slightly behind normal during the 

week ending September 27. By October 4, twenty percent of the crop was harvested with progress in Minnesota and 

North Dakota, the two largest sugarbeet-producing States, 6 points behind the average.

Crop Comments

Corn: Acreage updates were made in several States based on administrative data, bringing total planted area to 

86.4 million acres, down 1 percent from June. Area harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 79.3 million 

acres, down 1 percent from the September forecast.

The October 1 corn objective yield data indicate a record high number of stalks and ears per acre for the combined

10 objective yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

Wisconsin). All objective yield States, except Missouri, recorded record high ear counts.

As of October 4, seventy percent of the corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition in the 18 major 

corn-producing States, up 1 percentage point from last month and 9 points above last year. Crop conditions declined 

from last month across the northern tier of the Great Plains and Corn Belt where light frost was reported in late 

September. However, temperatures were not considered low enough to terminate crop growth. Conditions were mostly 

unchanged or improved across the rest of the Corn Belt and Great Plains as warm, dry weather during much of 

September helped push the late-developing corn crop towards maturity.

On October 4, fifty-seven percent of the acreage was rated mature or beyond, 27 points below the 5-year average. 

Illinois was 52 points behind their average while Minnesota, North Dakota, and Michigan were at least 39 points 

behind.

Ten percent of the acreage was harvested by October 4, fifteen points behind the average pace. Early season harvest 

activities were underway in all States, except North Dakota, and all States were progressing behind normal, except 

Colorado. States furthest behind include Tennessee, down 51 points; Illinois, down 36 points; Missouri, down 

35 points; and Kentucky, down 31 points from their 5-year averages.

Sorghum: Production is forecast at 364 million bushels, down 7 percent from last month and down 23 percent from 

last year. Based on administrative information, acreage changes were made in several States. Planted area is 

6.62 million acres, down 5 percent from the previous forecast and down 20 percent from 2008. All of the major 

producing sorghum States are at or below last year’s levels. This is the third lowest planted acreage on record. Area 

harvested for grain is forecast at 5.68 million acres, down 5 percent from last month and down 22 percent from last 

year. Based on October 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 64.0 bushels per acre, down 1.5 bushels from September and 

down 1.0 bushel from last year. 

As of October 4, harvest had begun in all of the top 11 producing States except New Mexico. In these States, the 

sorghum crop was 55 percent mature, slightly behind last year and 13 points behind the 5-year average. Harvest 

progress had reached 35 percent, compared with 39 percent at the same time last year and 44 percent for the 5-year 

average. With the exception of Colorado, all of the major sorghum-producing States were behind the normal harvest 

pace, with Arkansas, Illinois, and Missouri the furthest behind. As of October 4, crop condition was rated 49 percent 

good to excellent, compared with 54 percent at the same time last year. Yield forecasts are at or above last month’s 

levels in all of the major sorghum-producing States except Texas and Mississippi. The yield forecast in Kansas, the 

largest sorghum-producing State increased 1.0 bushel from September. Producers in Texas, the second largest 

producing State, expect a yield of 44.0 bushels per acre, down 3.0 bushels from last month and down 8.0 bushels from 

last year.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 37 NASS, USDA

Rice: Production is forecast at 221 million cwt, up 1 percent from the September forecast and up 8 percent from last 

year. Area for harvest is expected to total 3.10 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but up 4 percent 

from 2008. As of October 1, the U.S. yield is forecast at 7,115 pounds per acre, up 64 pounds from the September 1 

forecast and 269 pounds above the 2008 average yield of 6,846 pounds per acre. Expected yields increased from the 

previous month in California, Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas. The Arkansas forecasted yield of 6,850 pounds per acre 

was unchanged from the September 1 forecast, while Mississippi’s expected yield is down 200 pounds per acre from 

the previous month. Record yields are forecast in Louisiana, Missouri, and Texas. 

As of October 4, sixty-two percent of the U.S. acreage was harvested, 5 percentage points behind the same time last 

year and 16 percentage points behind the five-year average. Arkansas, Mississippi, and Missouri were all running over 

25 percentage points behind their 5-year average pace mainly due to late spring planting. Sixty percent of the acreage 

was rated in good to excellent condition on October 4, compared to 62 percent rated in these two categories at the same 

time last year. 

Soybeans: Area for harvest is forecast at 76.6 million acres, down slightly from last month but up 3 percent from 

2008. Harvested area, if realized, will be the largest on record.

The September objective yield data for the combined eleven major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, 

Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a slightly 

higher pod count compared with last year. Compared with final counts for 2008, pod counts are up in eight States, with 

increases of more than 100 pods per 18 square feet in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Ohio, and South Dakota. The largest 

increase from 2008’s final pod count is expected in Missouri, up 293 pods per 18 square feet.

As of October 4, seventy-nine percent of acreage was dropping leaves or beyond, 2 points behind last year’s pace and 

9 points behind the 5-year average. Progress was behind normal in all major soybean-producing States. The percent of 

acreage dropping leaves was 10 points or more behind normal in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and 

Wisconsin. Harvest progress, at 15 percent complete, was 13 points behind last year’s pace and 21 points behind 

normal.

As of October 4, sixty-seven percent of the U.S. soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 10 percentage 

points above the same week in 2008. Compared with last month, crop conditions improved in Kansas, Kentucky, 

Nebraska, North Carolina, and Ohio, but declined or were unchanged across the rest of the major growing region. 

Louisiana and Mississippi showed the largest declines, down 8 and 19 percentage points from last month, respectively. 

If realized, the forecasted yield in Alabama, Georgia, and Nebraska will be a record high and the forecasted yield in 

Arkansas, Kentucky, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania will tie the previous record high.

Sunflower: The first production forecast for 2009 is 2.98 billion pounds, down 13 percent from 2008 but up 4 percent 

from 2007. Area planted, at 2.03 million acres, is down 3 percent from the June estimate and down 19 percent from last 

year. Sunflower growers expect to harvest 1.94 million acres, down 3 percent from June and down 19 percent from the 

2008 acreage. The October yield forecast, at 1,538 pounds per acre, is 109 pounds higher than last year.

As of October 1, higher yields are expected in five of the top seven sunflower-producing States, with only Nebraska 

and Texas farmers expecting lower yields compared with last year. In North Dakota, the largest sunflower-producing 

State, the yield is forecast at 1,557 pounds per acre, up 158 pounds from the 2008 yield. As of October 4, 

seventy-four percent of the sunflower crop in North Dakota was rated good to excellent, compared with 62 percent at 

the same time last year. Rainfall and below normal temperatures during the growing season across the northern Great 

Plains slowed progress as development of the sunflower crop generally lagged behind normal throughout the season. 

As of October 4, harvest progress was behind normal in Colorado, Kansas, and South Dakota, but was slightly ahead of 

normal in North Dakota.

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.64 billion pounds, down 1 percent from the September 1 forecast and down 

30 percent from last year. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.08 million acres, unchanged from September but down 

28 percent from 2008. Yields are expected to average 3,363 pounds per acre, down 34 pounds from last month and 

down 63 pounds from the 2008 record yield of 3,426 pounds per acre. However, this would be the second highest U.S. 

yield on record if realized. 

Production in the Southeast States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, and South Carolina) is expected to total 

2.79 billion pounds, down less than 1 percent from September and down 27 percent from last year. Expected area for 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 38 NASS, USDA

harvest, at 825,000 acres, is unchanged from September but down 25 percent from 2008. Yields in the region are 

expected to average 3,384 pounds per acre, down 17 pounds from last month and 48 pounds below last year. Yields are 

forecast lower than last year in all Southeast States except for Georgia. 

Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 272 million pounds, up 2 percent from the September 1 forecast but 

down 38 percent from 2008. Expected area for harvest, at 78,000 acres, is unchanged from the previous forecast but 

down 36 percent from last year. The average yield is forecast at 3,485 pounds per acre, up 85 pounds from the 

September forecast but 146 pounds less than the 2008 average. Harvest was underway in both States as of October 4.

Southwest peanut production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to total 575 million pounds, down 

5 percent from last month and down 38 percent from 2008. Expected acreage for harvest, at 179,000, is unchanged 

from last month but down 36 percent from last year. Yields in the region are expected to average 3,213 pounds per 

acre, down 166 pounds from the September forecast and down 97 pounds from the previous year.

Canola: The first production forecast for 2009 is 1.50 billion pounds, up 4 percent from 2008. Area planted, at 

831,000 acres, is down 2 percent from the June estimate and down 18 percent from last year. Canola farmers expect to 

harvest 807,500 acres, down 2 percent from June and down 18 percent from 2008. The October yield forecast, at 

1,861 pounds per acre, is 400 pounds above last year’s yield. If realized, this will be the highest U.S. yield on record.

The yield in North Dakota, the largest canola-producing State, is forecast at a record high 1,900 pounds per acre, up 

440 pounds from last year. Crop development in North Dakota progressed behind last year and the 5-year average pace 

due to late planting and below normal temperatures during the growing season. Harvest lagged behind the normal pace 

during August and September but reached 94 percent complete by October 4.

Cotton: Upland cotton harvested, at 7.59 million acres, is virtually unchanged from last month but up 3 percent from a 

last year. American-Pima harvested area, at 146,200, was carried forward from the August forecast.

During the early part of September, producers in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, 

South Carolina, and Virginia) battled periods of heavy rain showers delaying fieldwork and crop progress. Late in 

September, cool and clear conditions allowed the fields to dry out, but producers worried about receiving the necessary 

heat units for the late-developing crop. By the end of the month, harvest was underway in North Carolina, South 

Carolina, and Virginia, but had not started in Georgia and Alabama, well behind the 5-year average. On October 4, the 

crop was rated in mostly fair to good condition. Objective yield measurements in Georgia showed boll counts to be the 

second largest in the last 10 years. In North Carolina, boll counts are the third largest in the last 10 years.

The upland cotton crop in the Delta received much needed sunshine during the first week of September and defoliation 

began in early planted fields. By mid-September, the region was hit with excessive amounts of rain. Throughout the 

region, producers expressed concerned with boll rot due to the wet, cool conditions. In Louisiana, harvest was 

underway by the middle of the month. While in the remaining Delta region, harvest was just beginning by the end of 

the month, well behind the 5-year average. The crop was rated in mostly fair to good condition throughout the region. 

In Arkansas, boll weights are forecasted to be lowest in the last 5 years. Objective yield data in Mississippi showed 

boll counts to be slightly higher than the average for the last 5 years.

In South Texas, harvest neared completion by the middle of September. In the Panhandle of Texas, the crop received 

much needed moisture during the first week of September. Cool, dry weather moved into the region during the middle 

of the month and producers are concerned about receiving the heat units need to mature the late-developing crop. By 

month’s end, the crop was progressing behind normal and rated in mostly fair to good condition. Objective yield 

measurements in Texas showed the bolls per acre to be the second lowest in the last 5 years but boll weights to be the 

second largest in the last 5 years. By the end of month in Oklahoma and Kansas, the crop was rated in mostly fair to 

good condition with harvest underway in Oklahoma.

In Arizona, upland harvest got underway during the first week of September and continued throughout the month with 

no major weather delays. On October 4, the crop in Arizona was rated in mostly good to excellent condition. In 

California, defoliation of the crop began in mid-September and harvest got underway by the end of the month. The 

crop is rated in mostly fair to good condition.

The American-Pima production forecast was carried forward from the August forecast, at 367,000 bales, down 15 

percent from last year. The U.S. yield is forecast at 1,025 pounds per harvested acre, down 21 pounds from last year.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 39 NASS, USDA

Ginnings totaled 293,050 running bales prior to October 1, compared with 797,400 running bales ginned prior to the 

same date last year and 1,566,300 running bales in 2007.

Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: Production is forecast at 72.0 million tons, down 1.4 percent from the August forecast 

but up 3.4 percent from last year. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 3.43 tons per acre, 

down 0.05 ton from August but up 0.11 ton from last year. Harvested area is forecast at 21.0 million acres, unchanged 

from August but up slightly from the previous year’s acreage. 

States in the southern Great Plains and much of the Southwest forecast no yield change from August. Eight of the 

major-producing States, including Kentucky, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Utah, and Wisconsin, 

forecast higher yields than August. The largest yield increase is forecast in Pennsylvania where they are expecting a 

record high yield of 3.7 tons. Other States with record high yields include Nebraska, Nevada, and Oregon.

Other Hay: Production is forecast at 80.8 million tons, up 2 percent from the August forecast and up 6 percent from 

last year. Based on October 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 2.06 tons per acre, up 0.05 ton from August 

and up 0.11 ton from last year. This forecast matches 2004 as the record high yield. Harvested area, at 39.2 million 

acres, is unchanged from the August forecast but up 113,000 acres from 2008. 

Compared with the previous forecast, growers in the Corn Belt and central Great Plains are expecting higher yields. 

Producers in Nebraska, Mississippi, Missouri, and Pennsylvania are expecting record high yields. Other hay yields are 

forecast to be lower in eight of the major-producing States, including California, Idaho, Louisiana, Michigan, 

Minnesota, New York, Ohio, and Oregon. The largest yield reduction from the August forecast occurred in Louisiana, 

New York, Ohio, and Oregon, with each State down 0.03 tons. 

Dry Beans: U.S. dry edible bean production is forecast at 25.2 million cwt for 2009, up 3 percent from the August 

forecast but 2 percent below 2008. Planted area is forecast at 1.53 million acres, up 3 percent from the August forecast 

and the previous year’s estimate. Harvested area is forecast at 1.44 million acres, 3 percent above the August forecast 

but 1 percent below the previous year’s harvested acreage. The average U.S. yield is forecast at 1,754 pounds per acre, 

an increase of 4 pounds from August’s forecast but 14 pounds below the 2008 yield. Production is expected to be 

higher than 2008 in 11 of the 18 producing States.

As of the first week in October, only 41 percent of the North Dakota crop was harvested, which is behind last year and 

the 5-year average. Late planting and below normal temperatures during most of the growing season slowed crop 

development and delayed harvest. The dry edible bean crop condition was rated 11 percent very poor to poor, 

31 percent fair, 50 percent good and 8 percent excellent. In Minnesota, as of the last week of September, 52 percent of 

dry beans were harvested, compared to 66 percent last year.

Winter Potatoes: California’s winter potato production for 2009 is estimated at 2.13 million cwt, down 1 percent from 

the April estimate and 16 percent below 2008. Planted area in California remains unchanged from April, at 9,000 acres, 

but is down 18 percent from 2008. Harvested area, at 8,700 acres, is down 3 percent from April and 21 percent below 

last year. Average yield is 245 cwt per acre, up 5 cwt from the April estimate and 15 cwt above last year. Producers 

reported good crop quality with minor disease and pests issues.

Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 2009 is forecast at 814 million pounds, 1 percent above the September 

forecast and up 2 percent from 2008. Area harvested is forecast at 353,290 acres, virtually unchanged from last year 

but up 2 percent from the September forecast. The yield for 2009 is expected to average 2,304 pounds per acre, down 

15 pounds from the previous forecast but 46 pounds greater than 2008.

Flue-cured tobacco production is expected to total 516 million pounds, 2 percent above the previous forecast and 

3 percent above last year. Growers plan to harvest 223,500 acres in 2009, up 2 percent from the September forecast but 

virtually unchanged from a year ago. Yield is expected to average 2,307 pounds per acre, 2 pounds above the last 

forecast and up 68 pounds from 2008. Yields in North Carolina and Georgia are expected to remain unchanged from 

the September forecast, at 2,400 and 1,500 pounds per acre, respectively. The average yield in South Carolina 

decreased 50 pounds from last month.

Burley production is expected to total 215 million pounds, virtually unchanged from the September forecast but 

7 percent above last year. Growers plan to harvest 101,600 acres, up 3 percent from the previous forecast and 4 percent 

above 2008. Yields are expected to average 2,115 pounds per acre, 45 pounds below last month but 48 pounds above a 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 40 NASS, USDA

year ago. Average yields in Tennessee and Kentucky both decreased 50 pounds from a month ago, while burley yields 

in other States remained unchanged.

Fire-cured tobacco production is expected to total 53.6 million pounds, down 2 percent from last month’s forecast but 

14 percent below 2008. Growers plan to harvest 16,150 acres, down 2 percent from the September forecast and down 

13 percent from a year ago. The yield is expected to average 3,317 pounds per acre, up 25 pounds from last month but 

down 27 pounds from last year.

Southern Maryland Belt tobacco production in Pennsylvania is expected to total 4.73 million pounds, unchanged from 

the September forecast but 25 percent above 2008. A total of 2,100 acres are expected to be harvested, unchanged from 

last month but 17 percent above a year ago. Average yield, at 2,250 pounds per acre, unchanged from the previous 

forecast but 150 pounds above last year.

Dark air-cured tobacco is expected to total 17.5 million pounds, down 6 percent from last month and 31 percent below 

2008. Growers plan to harvest 5,800 acres, down 5 percent from the September forecast and 32 percent below last year. 

Yields are expected to average 3,017 pounds per acre, down 47 pounds from the previous forecast but 36 pounds above 

a year ago. 

All Cigar type production is expected to total 7.69 million pounds, unchanged from the previous forecast but 9 percent 

below last year. Growers of cigar type tobacco plan to harvest 4,140 acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but 

down 19 percent from 2008. Overall, yield is expected to average 1,858 pounds per acre, up 9 pounds from September 

and 199 pounds above a year ago.

Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2009 crop year is forecast at 30.1 million tons, 1 percent below the 

September 1 forecast but up 15 percent from last year. Production forecasts remained unchanged from September in all 

estimating States except Minnesota and North Dakota where slight decreases in expected yield led to decreased 

production. Growers expect to harvest 1.16 million acres, unchanged from the September 1 forecast but 15 percent 

above last year. Expected yield is forecast at a record high 26.8 tons per acre, down 0.2 ton from September but up 

0.1 ton from 2008. Record high yields are also forecast in Colorado, Montana, Oregon, and Wyoming.

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 28.5 million tons, up 2 percent from the 

September 1 forecast and up 3 percent from 2008. Producers intend to harvest 852,700 acres for sugar and seed during 

the 2009 crop season, unchanged from last month but 15,300 acres below last year. Expected yield is forecast at 

33.4 tons per acre, up 0.6 ton from the previous forecast and up 1.6 tons from 2008. Changes in production are a result 

of yield increases in Louisiana and Texas where timely rainfall has led to late-season crop growth and improved 

conditions.

Grapefruit: The initial forecast of the 2009-10 U.S. grapefruit crop is 1.21 million tons, down 9 percent from the 

2008-09 final utilization. All three estimating States showed a decrease in production from the previous season.

Florida's grapefruit production is forecast at 19.8 million boxes (842,000 tons), 9 percent lower than last season. The 

Florida all white grapefruit forecast is 5.80 million boxes (247,000 tons), down 12 percent from the previous year. The 

colored grapefruit forecast, at 14.0 million boxes (595,000 tons), is 7 percent lower than last season. If realized, this 

will be the lowest Florida grapefruit crop since the 1944-45 season, other than the hurricane-reduced 2004-05 and 

2005-06 crops. The number of bearing trees has been declining over the past decade. Size and drop of both varieties 

are expected to be below average at harvest.

In Texas, grapefruit production is forecast at 5.30 million boxes (212,000 tons), 4 percent lower than the previous 

season. The California grapefruit production forecast is 4.70 million boxes (157,000 tons), down 16 percent from the 

2008-09 final utilization. 

Lemons: The initial forecast for the 2009-10 U.S. lemon crop is 855,000 tons, down 10 percent from the 2008-09 final 

utilization. The California forecast, at 20.0 million boxes (760,000 tons), is down 9 percent from the previous year’s 

crop. Last season’s harvest concluded in the coastal areas during September, as harvest of the new season crop began 

in the desert region. Harvest was delayed slightly and fruit sizes have been lighter than normal. Fruit quality was 

reported as good. Lemon production in Arizona is forecast at 2.50 million boxes (95,000 tons), down 17 percent from 

last season. Harvest began in early September and fruit was reported to be slightly larger than expected with smooth 

texture. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 41 NASS, USDA

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 1.00 million boxes (45,000 tons), down 13 percent from last season’s final 

production. Bearing trees are down nearly 2 percent from last season and fruit per tree is down 30 percent. Fruit drop 

is projected to be below average at harvest. 

Tangerines and Mandarins: The initial U.S. tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 509,000 tons, up 15 percent 

from the 2008-09 season. All 3 estimating States are forecasting an increase in production from last year.

The California tangerine and mandarin forecast is 7.00 million boxes (263,000 tons), an increase of 4 percent from last 

season. Bearing acreage continued to increase. Satsuma mandarin harvest was expected to begin in October. Florida's 

tangerine crop is forecast at 4.90 million boxes (233,000 tons), up 27 percent from the previous season. Fruit per tree is 

well above average for Fallglo, Sunburst and Honey tangerine varieties. Fruit size is projected to be below average for 

all varieties. Drop is expected to be below average for Fallglo and Honey varieties but near the maximum for Sunburst 

tangerines. Production in Arizona is forecast at 350,000 boxes (13,000 tons), up 40 percent from last season.

Florida Citrus: Weekly rainfall totals during September were variable, ranging from seven inches to trace amounts. 

Daily high temperatures were in the upper 80s to lower 90s most days, with lows reaching the 50s by the end of the 

month. Generally, trees were in good condition. However, in poorly-cared-for groves, trees were declining quickly 

due to citrus Tristeza virus, young tree decline, and canker. 

Grove practices during the month included applying herbicides, mowing in preparation for harvest, and young tree care. 

Dead trees were removed and burned. Grove caretakers also continued to survey groves for greening, treat trees for 

citrus psyllid control, and remove infected trees. Growers were irrigating in areas as needed. 

California Citrus: The Valencia orange harvest was winding down in the San Joaquin Valley. New season navel 

oranges continued to develop in size and some growers began preparing for Gibberellin treatments. Satsuma mandarins 

were developing well and harvest was expected to begin soon. The lemon harvest neared completion along the coastal 

region, as harvesting began in the desert region. Normal spraying and maintenance continued in orchards. 

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Light rain fell across the northern and central regions of the State in 

mid-September, which is unusual for this time of the year in California. No damage to the grape crop was reported 

from the wet conditions. Hot temperatures accelerated wine grape maturation. Raisin, table, and wine grape harvests 

continued in the San Joaquin Valley. Harvesting of wine grapes also continued along the Central and North coasts, 

primarily of Pinot Noir and Chardonnay varieties. 

Apple harvest continued in the San Joaquin Valley of Gala, Granny Smith, Fuji, and Braeburn varieties. Peach, 

nectarine, plum, and fig harvests also continued in the San Joaquin Valley. The prune harvest was complete. 

Harvesting of Bartlett pears continued and the Asian pear harvest got underway, with Yali and Shinko varieties being 

picked. Pomegranates continued to develop in size and color, as harvesting of Foothill and Early Wonderful varieties 

was ongoing in the San Joaquin Valley. Some strawberries were picked in Southern California fields, though extensive 

Lygus bug infestations were reported. Harvested strawberry fields were plowed and prepared for fall season berries. 

Normal spraying and maintenance continued in orchards and vineyards, which included the initial applications of fall 

fertilizer for fruit trees.

The almond harvest continued at a slower pace during September in both the San Joaquin and Sacramento valleys. 

Hulling and stockpile fumigations continued for the almond crop. Shaking was complete for the Nonpareil variety, 

while some shaking remained underway for other varieties. Sweeping, gathering, and delivering activities continued. 

The walnut and pistachio harvests increased in the Central Valley. Quality looked good, though some growers showed 

concern over lower yields, likely caused by the March frost. 

Apples: The final 2009 U.S. apple production forecast is set at 10.02 billion pounds, down 1 percent from August but 

up 3 percent from 2008. Increases in production from August were shown in Michigan, New York, and West Virginia, 

while production decreased in North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Washington. The production forecast in Virginia was 

unchanged from August. All other State forecasts were carried forward from August.

Production in the Western States (AZ, CA, CO, ID, OR, UT, and WA) is forecast at 6.16 billion pounds, down 

3 percent from August and down 4 percent from 2008. Washington production, which makes up 56 percent of the U.S. 

total, is forecast at 5.60 billion pounds, down 3 percent from the previous forecast and last year. Overall, production is 

expected to be lower than last year due to warmer weather during the summer months. Scattered frost and hail damage 

were also reported by some growers.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 42 NASS, USDA

Production in the Eastern States (CT, ME, MD, MA, NH, NJ, NY, NC, PA, RI, VT, VA, and WV) is forecast at 

2.41 billion pounds, unchanged from August but down slightly from 2008. The apple forecast in New York, at 

1.29 billion pounds, is 2 percent higher than the August forecast and 3 percent higher than the 2008 total production 

estimate. Pennsylvania’s forecast, at 485 million pounds, is slightly lower than August but 10 percent higher than 

2008. Some growers reported hail and frost damage during the spring season. The harvest was 58 percent complete by 

the end of September. Virginia’s forecast, at 200 million pounds, is unchanged from August but down 13 percent from 

last year. The growing season began with mild winter temperatures and normal precipitation during spring. Summer 

rainfall and temperatures were reported as average. Fruit sizing was reported as good and growers anticipate a good 

crop. The apple forecast in North Carolina, at 100 million pounds, is 13 percent below August and 39 percent lower 

than last year. The apple crop was severely affected by a large hail storm that went through Henderson County, which 

has the majority of apples produced in the State. The West Virginia forecast is 90.0 million pounds, up 1 percent from 

August and up 11 percent from 2008. Growers indicated the crop was progressing normally with no significant reports 

of damage.

The production forecast for the Central States (IL, IN, IA, MI, MN, MO, OH, TN, and WI) is 1.45 billion pounds, a 

7 percent increase from August and 60 percent higher than 2008. Michigan’s production forecast is 1.15 billion 

pounds, up 10 percent from August and 92 percent above last year’s frost reduced crop.

Pecans: Production is forecast at 309 million pounds (utilized, in-shell basis), up 59 percent from last year’s crop but 

20 percent below the 2007 production year. All States in the pecan estimating program have a higher production 

forecast than last year, with the exception of Kansas. Nationally, improved varieties are forecasted to produce 

264 million pounds or 85 percent of the total, while native and seedling varieties, at 45.5 million pounds, make up the 

remaining 15 percent of production. The 2009 crop is expected to be larger than last year’s mainly due to the alternate 

bearing pattern typical of pecans. 

In Georgia, production is forecast at 90.0 million pounds, 29 percent above last year. This is the "up" year in the 

alternate bearing cycle, but frequent rain throughout the summer produced widespread disease problems. Fungicide 

applications were frequently interrupted by showers and cool cloudy conditions. 

New Mexico’s forecast, at 76.0 million pounds, is up 77 percent from last year and 3 percent above the 2007 production 

year. Pecan acreage continues to increase in the Rio Grande Valley, resulting in increasing bearing acres. Crop 

conditions were reported as good to excellent with an average nut set.

The Arizona forecast is 24.0 million pounds, 37 percent above last year. Some growers reported wind and hail damage. 

Oklahoma’s crop is forecast at 20.0 million pounds, a 300 percent increase from 2008. 

The Alabama crop is expected to total 13.0 million pounds, up 63 percent from the final 2008 production estimate. 

Managed orchards throughout the state were reported to have a very heavy nut set. In Louisiana, the crop is forecast at 

8.00 million pounds, up 60 percent from 2008 but down 43 percent from 2007. Typically, after hurricane damage, 

native and seedling varieties take several years to return to previous yields, this is the case after the hurricanes of 2008. 

Grapes: U.S. grape production is forecast at 7.02 million tons, virtually unchanged from the August forecast but down 

4 percent from last year. California leads the U.S. in grape production with 89 percent of the total. Washington and 

New York are the next largest producing States, with 6 percent and 2 percent, respectively. California=s all grape 

forecast, at 6.25 million tons, is unchanged from August. The Washington all grape forecast of 395,000 tons is also 

unchanged, whereas New York growers expect to harvest 135,000 tons, 4 percent lower than the August forecast.

California=s wine type grape production is expected to total 3.40 million tons, 54 percent of California=s total grape 

crop. The production forecast for wine type varieties is up 3 percent from the August forecast. Overall, bunch counts 

are up from 2008, with the most significant increases in Chardonnay and red wine grape varieties. California=s raisin 

type grape production is forecast at 2.00 million tons, 32 percent of California=s total grape crop. The raisin type grape 

forecast is down 5 percent from the August forecast. Although recent weather has been favorable for crop 

development, wet weather in early-summer resulted in some bunch rot and mildew problems. Harvest of the raisin crop 

began earlier than normal and quality and sugar levels were reported as good. California=s table type grape production 

is forecast at 850,000 tons, unchanged from the previous forecast. Late table grape varieties continued to be harvested 

for fresh use in September. Good overall fruit quality was reported. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 43 NASS, USDA

Washington=s wine grape production is forecast at 155,000 tons, unchanged from the August forecast. If realized, this 

will be Washington’s largest wine grape crop on record, surpassing last year=s record high crop. The increase in 

production from last year is due primarily to more acreage coming into production. The juice type grape forecast, at 

240,000 tons, is unchanged from the previous forecast. Growing conditions have been favorable for the grape crop this 

season. Harvest was progressing well and the fruit was yielding good sugar levels. 

New York’s grape production, at 135,000 tons, is 4 percent lower than the August forecast and the lowest production 

since 1998. In the Lake Erie grape region, a late May frost damaged many primary and secondary buds and caused leaf 

damage to many vines. Harvest began behind schedule because cool temperatures and rainy conditions slowed fruit 

development and contributed to disease and mildew. Sugar content of harvested grapes has been low. Fruit ripening in 

the Finger Lakes Region was about two weeks behind normal due to cool, wet weather. Good fruit quality was 

reported.

Michigan=s grape production is forecast at 99,000 tons, up 1 percent from the August forecast. Cooler than normal 

temperatures during the growing season have resulted in delayed crop development and foliar decline. Disease pressure 

has been low but sugar levels for Pinot Noir and Riesling varieties were measuring lower than normal. Niagara variety 

harvest began at the end of September and harvest of Concord grapes began the first week of October. Pennsylvania=s 

grape production is forecast at 70,000 tons, down 5 percent from the previous forecast. Although insect presence has 

been low so far this season, disease pressure has been high. Many grape clusters were not full. 

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.31 million pounds for August 2009, down 18 percent from 

July and 3 percent lower than August 2008. Total crop area for August is estimated at 2,070 acres, down slightly from 

July and 10 percent below August 2008. Harvested area totaled 1,310 acres, also down slightly from the previous 

month and 3 percent lower than last year. Weather during August was mostly dry in the major papaya growing areas. 

Heavy rains earlier in the year caused gaps in the fruit columns, resulting in reduced production for the month. Field 

preparation for new plantings continued. Young plantings were progressing well and the crop was in fair to good 

condition.

Prunes (Dried Plums): California’s 2009 prune production forecast is 170,000 dried tons, up 32 percent from the 

129,000 tons in 2008 and 205 percent above the 2007 crop. Weather conditions have been ideal, resulting in excellent 

bloom, fruit set and good sized fruit. Growers were busy thinning fruit due to the large set.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 44 NASS, USDA

Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecast

Field Crop Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between September 24 

and October 6 to gather information on expected yield as of October 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, 

and soybeans were conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the U.S. 

production. Randomly selected plots were revisited to make current counts. The counts made within each sample plot 

depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, plant counts are recorded along with other measurements 

that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used with 

similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to 

obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. 

After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal 

interviewers. Approximately 15,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about 

probable yield. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of 

average yields.

Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the October 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, 

which produced about 76 percent of the U.S. production last season. In August and September 2009, the number of 

bearing trees and the number of fruit per tree were determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size 

measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted to develop the current forecast of production. California and 

Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis: in October, January, April, and July. California 

conducts an objective measurement survey in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.

Field Crop Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed 

for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their 

analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State 

analyses to prepare the published October 1 forecasts. 

Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, 

reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in Arizona, California, 

and Texas were also used for setting estimates. These four States submit their analyses of the current situation to the 

Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published 

October 1 forecast.

Revision Policy: The October 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each 

month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing 

season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. 

Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of 

planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered 

the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in the 

September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains 

Annual report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. 

Revisions to planted acres will only be made when special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service 

Agency program “sign up” data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a 

production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last 

forecast. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in September’s Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange 

production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from 

marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the October 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the October 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root 

Mean Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast 

relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from 

those influencing recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the October 1 corn for grain production 

forecast is 3.1 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 45 NASS, USDA

below the final estimate by more than 3.1 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the 

difference will not exceed 5.4 percent.

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the October 1 

forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the October 1 forecast and the final 

estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 197 million bushels, ranging from 3 million bushels to 624 million 

bushels. The October 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply 

that the October 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

Reliability of October 1 Crop Production Forecasts

Crop Unit

Root Mean

Square Error

20-Year Record of

Differences Between Forecast

and Final Estimate

Percent

90

Percent

Confidence

Interval

Quantity Years

Average Smallest Largest Below

Final

Above

Final

Million Million Million Number Number

Corn for Grain

Sorghum for Grain

Rice

Soybeans for Beans

Upland Cotton 1

Dry Edible Beans

Oranges 1 2

Oranges 1

Bu

Bu

Cwt

Bu

Bales

Cwt

Tons

Tons

3.1

6.0

2.7

2.3

4.6

3.6

4.2

9.0

5.4

10.3

4.7

4.0

8.0

6.2

7.2

15.5

197

20

4

45

708

1

369

601

3

*

0

3

15

*

4

4

624

105

13

103

1,675

3

917

2,043

9

9

10

11

15

15

8

8

11

11

10

9

5

5

7

12

* Less than 1 million.

1 Quantity is in thousands of units.

2 Excluding freeze and hurricane seasons.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

October 2009 46 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to 

contact for additional information.

Lance Honig, Chief ..................................................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Jacqueline Moore, Head......................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings ............................................................(202) 720-5944

Bryan Durham - Hay, Oats, Sorghum.................................................................(202) 690-3234

Anthony Prillaman - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed .............................................(202) 720-9526

Anthony Prillaman - Peanuts, Rice .....................................................................(202) 720-7688

Nick Schauer - Wheat, Rye.................................................................................(202) 720-8068

Julie Schmidt - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops...........................................(202) 720-7621

Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds .....................................(202) 720-7369

Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head ...................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Suzanne Avilla - Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Tropical Fruits ...................................(202) 720-5412

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, 

 Onions, Strawberries.........................................................(202) 720-2157

Fred Granja - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums,

Prunes, Tobacco..................................................................(202) 720-4288

Mike Jacobsen - Berries, Cranberries .................................................................(202) 720-9085

Dawn Keen - Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, 

Tree Nuts ............................................................................(202) 720-4215

Tierra Mobley - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ..........................................................(202) 720-4285

Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, 

 Lentils, Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears,

 Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans...............................................(202) 720-3250

Kim Ritchie - Hops.............................................................................................(360) 902-1940
ACCESS TO REPORTS!!

For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services:

INTERNET ACCESS

All NASS reports are available free of charge. For free access, connect to the Internet and go to the NASS Home Page at: 

www.nass.usda.gov. 

E-MAIL SUBSCRIPTION

All NASS reports are available by subscription free of charge direct to your e-mail address. Starting with the NASS Home 

Page at www.nass.usda.gov, under the right navigation, Receive reports by Email, click on National or State. Follow the 

instructions on the screen. 

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

PRINTED REPORTS OR DATA PRODUCTS

CALL OUR TOLL-FREE ORDER DESK: 800-999-6779 (U.S. and Canada)

Other areas, please call 703-605-6220 FAX: 703-605-6900

(Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order acceptable for payment.)

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ASSISTANCE

For assistance with general agricultural statistics or further information about NASS or its products or services, contact the 

Agricultural Statistics Hotline at 800-727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, 

color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual 

orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual’s income is derived from 

any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require 

alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s 

TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., 

Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity 

provider and employer.
USDA Data Users’ Meeting

Monday, November 2, 2009

Crowne Plaza Hotel Chicago-Metro

Chicago, Illinois 60661

(312) 829-5000

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data 

users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and 

information programs and seeks comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to 

be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, 

the Foreign Agricultural Service, and World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade 

Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting.

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS 

homepage at www.nass.usda.gov/forum/ or contact Marjorie Taylor (NASS) at (202) 690-8141 

or at marjorie_taylor@nass.usda.gov.

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook Conference that will be held at the same 

location on Tuesday, November 3, 2009. The Outlook Conference brings together analysts from 

various commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional 

information for the Industry Outlook Meeting see the Livestock and Marketing Information 

Center (LMIC) homepage at www.lmic.info or contact Jim Robb at (720) 544-2941 or at 

robb@lmic.info.