Dry Edible Beans:

Area Planted, by Commercial Class, State,
and U.S., 1990-91

Class and State

Large Lima

C.

Baby Lima
CA

Navy
C

Li ght Red Kidney

Class and State 1990 : Ind 1991
1,000 Acres : 1,000 Acres
:: Dark Red
24.0 30.0 :: Kidney
: CA 15.0 10.0
25.0 35.0: 1D 1.4 1.4
: MI 9.0 14.0
* 1.9; MN 23.6 36.0
7.0 4.3: NY 5.5 2.0
1.4 1.2; WI 11.0 11.5
235.0 255.0 :: Total 65.5 74.9
69.0 55.0 :: Pink
4.5 3.0: CA 17.0 *
3.5 3.1: ID 43.0 36.2
188.0 156.0 ; MT 1.6 1.3
2.7 2.0: NM 0.3 0.8
511.1 481.5 : WA 2.9 4.3
:: Total 64.8 42.6
* 1.5 :: Small Red
8.7 9.0: ID 18.0 18.8
1.7 1.5: WA 12.8 13.9
119.0 -0:: Total 30.8 32.7
2.9 .0 :: Cranberry
5.5 5.0 MI 18.0 23.0
137.8 Black
Turtle Soup
4.5 MI 54.0 31.0
9.0 NY 10.0 11.0
1.1 Total 64.0 42.0
3.5 Blackeye
18.1 CA 49.0 39.0
6.0 3.2
215.0 55.0 42.2
93.0
35.9 5.3 3.5
10.0
37.3 . 12.0 15.0
11.9 11.2: 30.0 1.9
122.5 88.0: 3.8 2.2
10.4 11.8 : 1.0 1.0
336.0 333.0: 4.0 3.0
3.1 2.0: 9.6 7.0
15.0 9.0: 2.0 1.0
5.5 6.0: 0.3 0.3
18.1 18.4: 4.5 3.0
44.5 37.0 46.0 31.0
958.2 834.9 2.2 1.5
4.0 3.8
4.0 13.0 2.5 3.3
* 2.7 121.9 74.0
0.6 0.7
11.0 8.0 2,178.6 1,933.0
0.5 6.0
12.0 10.0
21.0 20.0
79.1 60.4

* Included with other beans.

Crop Production
August 1991

A-20

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


U.S. SOYBEAN PRODUCTION
1982 - 1991

BILLION BUSHELS
2.19

2.60

=
©
>

1.9.

a

282 192 4.87.

2.00 |-

=
a
+

1.50

WY

1,00

0.60

LE

YU
WU

ZL

0.00
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91

YEAR

soybean crop is well ahead of normal development and plentiful moisture
through July has indicated excellent yield prospects.

Cotton: All cotton production is forecast at 17.6 million bales, up

14 percent from last year's production and 45 percent above the
1989 crop. If realized, this will be the largest all cotton production since
1937, when 18.9 million bales were produced. Of the total, Upland is expected
to account for 17.2 million bales, while Pima production will total
424,600 bales, 18 percent above last year's production.

Planted area, at 14.1 million acres, is up 14 percent from last year and is
the largest acreage since 1981 when 14.3 million acres were planted. Growers
expect to harvest 13.4 million acres, up 15 percent from 1990. Yield is
expected to average 630 pounds per acre, down 4 pounds from last year.

Upland cotton production in Texas and Oklahoma is forecast at 6.44 million
bales, 20 percent above 1990. The Texas crop is progressing well with the
recent moisture received in the Plains. Harvest was active in South Texas and
defoliation continued in the Upper Coast. On August 4, one-third of Texas'
acreage was in fair condition, 51 percent in good condition, and 12 percent
was rated excellent.

The Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee)
expect to produce 5.40 million bales, up 10 percent from last year. Yields in
the region are expected to average 674 pounds per harvested acre, up 2 pounds

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-8 NASS, USDA


Winter wheat harvest, at 63 percent complete, was ahead of schedule entering
July. Harvest advanced rapidly through the Ohio Valley and Great Plains as
above-normal temperatures pushed wheat to early maturity. By the end of the
month, harvest was complete in the South-Central and Eastern States, nearly
complete in the Northern Plains and Rocky Mountains, and getting underway in
the Pacific Northwest.

Corn for Grain: The first forecast of the 1991 corn for grain crop is
7.42 billion bushels, 6 percent below last year's crop.

U.S. CORN PRODUCTION
1982 - 1991

BILLION BUSHELS

10.00 3.88

8.24 8.23
7.

oO
NI

8.00}.

6.00 F SQ

2.00 FSS

Mla
Liida|

0.00

@
LS)
ao
@

84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
YEAR

The U.S. average yield per acre is forecast at 107.8 bushels, down

10.7 bushels from last year's yield. The area to be harvested for grain, at
68.8 million acres, is 3 percent above 1990 but virtually unchanged from the
June acreage estimate.

Excellent planting conditions in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio allowed corn
crops in those States to get a good start, but lack of rainfall during June
and July reduced yields from last year by 22, 31, and 23 bushels per acre,
respectively. The Iowa crop was planted late due to spring rains, but has
suffered from dry conditions since then reducing yield 14 bushels from 1990.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-4 NASS, USDA


From Illinois to Maine, pastures were reported either very poor or in the
severe drought range. Pennsylvania was the only State in the extreme drought
range, but Connecticut, Indiana, Maryland, New York, and Rhode Island reported
conditions in the severe drought range. Coastal rains kept pastures in
Delaware in good to excellent condition and New Jersey in poor to fair
condition. The Southeastern States were also in the poor to fair or good to
excellent ranges.

West of the Mississippi River only Iowa and Kansas had pasture and range feed
conditions in the very poor range. All other States reported condition as
poor to fair or good to excellent.

Prunes and Plums: Production in Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Washington is
expected to total 32,800 tons, down 31 percent from
1990 and down 30 percent from 1989. Harvest of early varieties has started.

Idaho expects a crop of 3,800 tons, 44 percent less than last year. Winter
damage throughout the State is the main cause for the reduction.

Michigan's crop, at 8,000 tons, would be a third more than last year's crop,
if realized. This is in spite of April freezes and a poor set. Fruit size is
good.

The Oregon crop is down 38 percent from last year at 13,000 tons, while
Washington's forecast, at 8,000 tons, is 43 percent less than last year.

Papayas: Fresh papaya production is estimated at 3.15 million pounds for
July, 9 percent higher than June but virtually unchanged from

July 1990. January through July cumulative fresh sales were 22 percent lower

than the same seven month period last year, mainly the result of fewer acres

harvested. Weather conditions during July were favorable for papaya

production. Days were sunny with some shower activity at night.

Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,405 acres, relatively unchanged
from June but 12 percent lower than a year earlier. Harvested area, totaling
1,910 acres, was unchanged from June but 21 percent lower than July 1990.

Hops: The production forecast of 63.9 million pounds is 12 percent more
than last year and 8 percent more than 1989.

The crop is developing later than normal in Washington and Oregon because of
cool weather earlier in the year. Recent weather conditions have been
favorable for hop production in Washington.

Olives: The August 1 forecast for California olive production is 60,000 tons,

down 54 percent from Jast year and 51] percent below 1989. The crop
is expected to be light due to last year's near record production, freeze
damage in December 1990, and possible reduced water usage by growers. Harvest
is expected to begin by the first week of September.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-13 NASS, USDA


Winter Wheat:

Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

1990 :Ind 1991

1989

: - 1,000 Acres -

AL o1/ 190 120
AZ 1/ 54 29
AR 1/: 1,400 930
CA 1/: 560 390
co 2,550 2,300
DE 1/ 60 67
FL OL 55 25
GA 1/: 590 450
1D : 920 700
IL : 1,900 1,400
IN : 970 750
IA 1: 75 50
KS : 11,800 10,800
KY : 500 430
LA 1/ 390 220
MD 1/ 190 195
MI : 750 560
MN O1/: 85 50
MS 1/: 520 250
MO : 2,000 1,550
MT : 2,500 1,900
NE : 2,250 2,100
NV od/: 6 5
NO 1/: 29 27
NM o1/: 325 320
NY If: 145 110
NC : 550 500
ND 1/: 160 80
OH : 1,350 1,100
OK : 6,300 5,000
OR : 910 800
PA 1/: 210 175
sc 1/: 380 280
sD : 1,600 1,300
TN 1/: 490 330
1X : 4,200 2,800
UT lf: 150 135
VA 1/ 260 245
WA : 2,200 750
Woda: 12 11
WI 1/ 185 120
wy «1/ 205 195
US 49,976 39,549

Yield
1990 Ind 1991:
--- Bushels --
35.0 30.0
95.0 96.0
35.0 22.0
76.0 80.0
33.0 31.0
51.0 48.0
33.0 20.0
35.0 33.0
75.0 70.0
48.0 31.0
52.0 40.0
45.0 34.0
40.0 33.0
40.0 27.0
33.0 20.0
52.0 53.0
55.0 45.0
30.0 37.0
30.0 18.0
38.0 34.0
35.0 38.0
38.0 32.0
70.0 65.0
43.0 44.0
25.0 22.0
49.0 48.0
41.0 40.0
27.0 32.0
59.0 49.0
32.0 27.0
60.0 52.0
50.0 46.0
38.0 33.0
36.0 35.0
36.0 24.0
31.0 30.0
40.0 43.0
47.0 49.0
63.0 55.0
46.0 43.0
53.0 53.0
29.0 31.0
40.7 34.7

213,600
22,500
10,850

8,600
33,920
4,560
15,300
86,950
54,000
55,350
480
1,365
4,000
5,850
21,420
2,320
62,730

153,900

48,900

7,955
17,835
35,100
18,900
60,000
4,960
12,650
68,900
516
9,010
4,246

1,454,642

6,650
5,130
49,000
42,560
84,150
3,060
1,815
20,650
69,000
91,200
50,440
3,375
472,000
20,000
12,870
9,880
41,250
2,550
15,600
76,000
87,500
85,500
420
1,247
8,125
7,105
22,550
4,320
79,650
201,600
54,600
10,500
14,440
57,600
17,640
130,200
6,000
12,220
138,600
552
9,805
5,945

2,033,299

3,600
2,784
20,460
31,200
71,300
3,216
500
14,850
49,000
43,400
30,000
1,700
356,400
11,610
4,400
10,335
25,200
1,850
4,500
52,700
72,200
67,200
325
1,188
7,040
5,280
20,000
2,560
53,900
135,000
41,600
8,050
9,240
45,500
7,920
84,000
5,805
12,005
41,250
473
6,360
6,045

1,371,946

1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production
August 1991

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA




Index
Page
Table Narrative

Apples, Commercial.......... cece ccc cece cere ene eeeeeeees A-31 B-14
Area Planted, By States. . A- 8

Barley........... . A-12 B- 5
Beans, Dry Edible....... A-19 B- 9
California Fruits & Nuts.. . B-16
Corn for Grain............ . A- 9 B- 4
Cotton......... . A-18 B- 8
Cottonseed..... o A-19 B- 9
Florida Citrus. B-16
Ginger Root.... A-33 B-16
Grapes....... A-33 B-15
Hay, Allo... ccc cece cece cece eee eee A-21 B-10
Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures For Hay. o A-22 B-10
Hay, All Other.................00.02. . A-23 B-10
Hops.. oe A-29 B-13
Oats.. A-11 B- 5
Olives A-29 B-13
Papayas- A-29 B-13
Pasture & Range Feed Condition. . A-28 B-12
Crop Moisture Maps............ . B- 1
Peaches............ a A-30 B-14
Peanuts For Nuts. A-16 B- 6
Pears............ A-32 B-15
Potatoes, Summer. oe A-26 B-11
Prunes & Plums...........- . A-28 B-13
Reliability Of Foreca: . B-20 B-17
Rice...........04- o A-16 B- 7
Rice, By Classes. A-16

Sorghum For Grain.. A-10 B- 5
Soybeans For Beans. A-17 B- 7
Sugarbeets............0.eeee A-27 8-11
Sugarcane For Sugar & Seed.. A-27 B-12
Tobacco, By Class and Type.. . A-24 B-10
Tobacco, By States........ . A-26

U.S. Summary..... o A- 3

Wheat, All....... a A-13 B- 5
Wheat, by Classes... A-15

Wheat, Durum........ A-15 B- 6
Wheat, Other Spring. an A-15 B- 6
Wheat, Winter...... an A-14 B- 6
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

August 1991 B-19 NASS, USDA


Tobacco by Class and Type: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1990-91
Area Harvested Yield Production

Class and Type —_:----------------------------------------------=--------
: 1990  :Ind 1991

~--- Acres ---- -- 1,000 Pounds --

Class 1, Flue-cured
Type if, Old and
Middte Belts
VA

US
Type 12, Eastern NC
elt

: 106,000 104,000 2,090 2,130 221,540 221,520
: 403000 383000 2,120 2;100 843800 79,800
: 146,000 142,000 2,098 2,122 306,340 301,320

NC 135,000 131,000 2,370 2,350 319,950 307,850
Type 13, NC Border &

SC Belt
NC 35,000 35,000 2,290 2,230 80,150 78,050
SC 51,000 51,000 2,155 2,250 109,905 114,750
US 86,000 86,000 2,210 2,242 190,055 192,800
Type 14, GA-FL Belt
L : 6,900 6,900 2,760 2,400 19,044 16,560
GA : 43,000 41,000 2,415 2,100 103,845 86,100
US : 49,900 47,900 2,463 2,143 122,889 102,660
Total 11-14 : 416,900 406,900 2,253 2,223 939,234 904,630

Class 2, Fire-cured
Type 21, VA Belt
2,100 2,300 1,315 1,300 2,762 2,990
Bs 22, Eastern
istrict
: 3,150 3,300 2,450 2,150 7,718 7,095
iN : 6,600 6,600 2,305 2,300 15,213 15,180
US : 9,750 9,900 2,352 2,250 22,931 22,275
Type 23, Western
District
KY
TN

US
Total 21-23
Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3a, Light
Air-cured
Type 31, Burley

3,100 3,200 2,600 2,100 8,060 6,720

490 490 2,500 2,500 1,225 1,225
3,590 3,690 2,586 2,153 9,285 7,945
15,440 15,890 2,265 2,090 34,978 33,210

: 6,400 7,200 2,100 1,900 13,440 13,680
KY : 185,000 213,000 2,270 2,150 419,950 457,950
M0 : 2,600 3,000 2,280 2,150 928 :
NC : 8,200 8,900 2,195 2,000 17,999 17,800
OH : 9,700 10,500 1,950 1,900 18,915 19,950
TN : 46,000 53,000 2,060 2,000 94,760 106,000
VA : 11,000 12,000 2,055 2,000 22,605 24,000
Ww : 1,700 1,900 1,600 1,600 2,720 3,040

: 270,600 309,500 2,204 2,097 596,317 648,870

US
Type 32, Southern MD :
Belt 1/ :

7,100 7,400 1,360 1,270 9,656 9,398

PA 3,600 3,800 1,850 1,800 6,660 6,840
US 10,700 11,200 1,525 1,450 16,316 16,238
Total 31-32 81,300 320,700 2,178 2,074 612,633 665,108
1/ 1990 Revised. -- continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

August 1991 A-24 NASS, USDA


from 1990's yield. Heavy rainfall in the Delta delayed plantings resulting in
some intentions not being realized. Louisiana's abandonment is larger than
normal due to extremely wet growing conditions. Mississippi producers
extensively applied growth regulators. The late planted acreage grew so
rapidly that it has less bottom crop than normal in Mississippi. The majority
of the region's crop was rated in fair condition on August 4.

Production in the Western States (Arizona, California, and New Mexico) is
expected to total 3.30 million bales, down 9 percent from 1990. Yield is
expected to average 1,162 pounds per harvested acre, only 1 pound less than
the 1990 average yield. Although Arizona's crop condition was rated

90 percent good and 10 percent excellent on August 4, boll opening was

13 percent behind the five-year average.

The forecast in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and
South Carolina) puts production at 1.99 million bales, 68 percent greater than
last year's production. Yields in the region are expected to be 631 pounds
per harvested acre, 104 pounds above last year's drought reduced yield. Heavy
spring rains delayed plantings in most of these States, and the Alabama and
Georgia boll set was 5 percent and 4 percent behind the average, respectively.

Cottonseed: Production for 1991, based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio,
is expected to total 6.82 million tons, up 14 percent from the
1990 production of 5.97 million tons.

Ginnings totaled 137,100 running bales prior to August 1, compared with
119,793 running bales ginned to the same date last year and 90,154 running
bales in 1989.

Dry Edible Beans: The 1991 crop of dry beans is forecast at 31.0 million

cwt, 4 percent below last year but 31 percent above
two years ago. Area for harvest, forecast at 1.87 million acres, is down
10 percent from a year ago but yields are projected at a record high
1,660 pounds per acre, a gain of 7 percent.

Planted acreage totals 1.93 million acres, down 11 percent from a year ago.
Estimates by class show increased acreage in limas, dark red kidneys, small
white, small red, and cranberry beans. Lower acreage is registered for navy,
great northern, pinto, light red kidney, pink, black turtle soup, blackeye,
and garbanzo beans.

Early forecasts project higher yields than a year ago in most States. Drought
conditions have abated in North Dakota and Minnesota but dry soils in New York
and Kansas are reducing yield prospects . Michigan prospects are excellent
with uniformity and good pod set. Yields, however, are expected to settle
back near normal after last year's record high. These three States are the
only ones with lower yields than last year.

Dry beans in North Dakota declined from earlier condition reports but remain
much better than last year. Crop development is ahead of normal. Minnesota's
yields are up from last year but acreage is down. Heavy spring rains and cool
weather slowed development in Nebraska, Wyoming, and Montana but beans are
currently doing well. Colorado beans are late, although recent rains helped
maintain good to excellent condition. California growers cancelled plans for

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-9 NASS, USDA


United States Crop Summary - Area Planted and Harvested

Crop

(Metric Units)

Area Planted

Area Harvested 1/

Corn
Sorghum
Oats
Barley
All Wheat
Winter
Durum
Other Spring
Rice
Soybeans
Peanuts
All Cotton
Upland
Amer-Pima
All Hay
Alfalfa
All Other
Dry Edible Beans
Summer Potatoes
Tobacco 2/
Sugarbeets
Sugarcane for
Sugar and Seed
Hops

1990 Ind 1991
Hectares
30,016,260 30,719,610 27,
4,263,410 4,470,210 3,
4,218,080 3,499,760 2,
3,318,860 3,612,260 3,
31,276,870 28,340,840 28,
23,066,520 20,659,020 20,
1,442,720 1,367,040 1,
6,767,630 6,314,780 6,
1,168,340 1,161,460 1,
23,389,060 24,190,340 22,
744,630 805,330
4,997,150 5,702,570 4,
4,903,550 5,606,980 4,
93,600 95,590
24,
10,
14,
881,660 782,270
41,760 41,840
566,320 568,870

1990 Ind 1991
094,800 27,838,630
674,180 3,942,890
403,860 2,012,120
034,770 3,411,130
066,460 23,527,460
224,790 16,005,080
417,220 1,343,980
424,450 6,178,400
138,390 1,145,680
865,790 23,768,660
732,290 794,610
747,670 5,438,630
655,760 5,344,050
91,910 94,580
911,500 25,549,700
279,530 10,459,210
631,970 15,090,490
844,350 756 , 850
38,850 39,780
296,520 309,320
556, 930 560,980
321,400 363,610
14,350 16,030

1/ Harvested for principal use of each crop, i.e., grain, beans, nuts, etc.

2/ 1990 Revised.

United States Crop Summary - Area Planted and Harvested

Crop

(Metric Units)

Area Planted

Area Harvested

Rye
Flaxseed
Potatoes
Winter
Spring
Fall
Sunflower
Sweetpotatoes

1990 1991 1/ 1

Hectares
657,620 682,310
105,220 123,430
5,460 5,340
38,930 36,060
475,510 483,320
770,930 1,050,170
38,000 32,620

990: Ind 1991 1/
150,950 175,640
102,390 118,170

5,340 4,730
38,490 35,370
467,210 476,640
749,080 1,025,080
36,220 31,480

1/ Estimates carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production
August 1991

A-5

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


DROUGHT SEVERITY
(LONG TERM, PALMER)

y) yy July 27, 1991
ay a la MODERATE — Next Chart Aug 13
e/, v. lp
(M AE on ( eae, C
vA * Y ~ = — > i MODERATE.
iv LY mois’ a)
t ‘EXTREME: tt oO - cal of VERE
t Mee
va S> MODERATE 7 iges EXTREME
=-y 6
) ( Pts’
!
masnene WAC 7 Oo  WVsever N 4 2 roe
voN VD) <
A ; \ S, MV 5 N
oF Momtnary — Tne ix
(Le yy, coat
“~ -,
MOIST ’ .
prooesare” moist

NOAA/USDA JOINT AGRICULTURAL WEATHER FACILITY goon protinory reports

Drought Severity

Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal
dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week-to-week; and
reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as
evaportranspiration.

Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or
wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or
wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in
aquifers, reservoirs, and streams.

Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of
drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this
is indicated by the crop moisture index).

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-2 NASS, USDA



All Hay:

Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1990-91

Area Harvested

1990 :Ind 1991

Production

- 1,000 Acres -

1990
AL : 750
AZ : 195
AR : 975
CA: ~—«:1,630
co : 1,550
CT : 86
DE : 23
FL : 240
GA 2 570
1D : 1,130
IL : 900
IN : 700
TA : 2,000
KS : 2,500
KY =: 2,200
LA 3 300
ME 3 222
MD : 225
MA : 103
MI : 1,450
MN : 2,400
MS 3 575
MO : 3,580
MT > 2,150
NE: 3,800
NV 3 490
NH 3 76
NJ : 110
NM : 320
NY : 1,980
NC : 470
ND : 3,500
OH : 1,400
OK : 2,130
OR  : 1,020
PA : 1,900
RI : 7
SC : 240
sD : 4,200
IN : 1,500
TX : 3,900
UT : 625
VT : 365
VA > 1,160
WA : 790
wy : 560
WI : 3,400
WY : 1,160
us : 61,557

780
200
1,100
1,680
1,600
86

20
230
570
1,230
950
650
2,000
2,300
2,300
300
222
215

781
420
629
237
5,205
6,400
1,560
6,764
4,470
5,705
1,463
167
241
1,332
4,538
1,161
3,020
4,553
5,115
23890
4,709
17
564
4,290
3,499
9, 582
1,986
754
2,565
23814
1,036
8,080
1,776

145,512

1,125
1,421
1,738
8,307
3,805
198
68
552
1,140
4,084
35348
2,220
7,095
6,100
4,848
660
423
678
233
5,335
6,560
1,035
6,865
4,495
7,370
1,359
159
246
1,376
4,377
1,011
3,745
4,620
35926
2,826
4,719
18
456
6,300
3,255
8,000
2,123
772
2,600
3,056
1,142
95120
2,076

146,985

223
5,015
7,380
1,750
6,990
5,240
7,288
1,228

150

233
1,376
4,161
1,176
5,470
35375
4,440
23825
4,293

17

598
7,750
33922

10; 430
25254

681
2,587
3,251

941

11,655
2,608

156,855

Crop Production
August 1991

--- Tons ----
1,50 2.40
7.29 7.06
1.78 2.22
5.10 5.00
2.45 2.58
2.30 2.02
2.96 2.50
2.30 2.80
2.00 2.70
3.61 3.69
3.72 3.05
3.17 2.65
3.55 3.04
2.44 2.16
2.20 2.23
2.20 2.20
1.91 1.82
3.01 2.39
2.26 2.08
3.68 3.46
2.73 2.84
1.80 2.50
1.92 1.89
2.09 2.18
1.94 2.08
2.77 2.59
2.09 1.97
2.24 2.12
4.30 4.30
2.21 2.13
2.15 2.26
1.07 1.61
3.30 2.50
1.84 1,93
2.77 2.69
2.48 2.27
2.57 2.13
1.90 2.30
1.50 1.72
2.17 2.36
2.05 2.54
3.40 3.61
2.12 1.89
2.24 2.21
3.87 3.99
2.04 1.68
2.68 3.43
1.79 1.95
2.39 2.48
A-21

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


Sugarbeets: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91 1/

Area Harvested

Production

~- 1,000 Acres - --- Tons ---
CA : 167.0 150.0 26.1 25.5 4,614 4,359 3,825
co : 40.0 40.3 23.6 22.5 912 944 907
ID : 186.0 195.0 26.0 24.0 4,038 4,836 4,680
MI : 157.0 167.0 20.8 17.0 2,565 3,266 2,839
MN : 364.0 361.0 14.8 16.5 5,456 5,387 5,957
MT : 55.1 56.3 22.5 21.8 1,033 1,240 1,227
NE : 71.0 78.4 21.0 20.5 1,169 1,491 1,607
ND : 193.2 189.0 14.4 17.0 2,828 2,782 3,213
OH : 19.2 20.2 18.5 18.5 199 355 374
OR : 16.7 19.0 29.2 28.0 391 488 532
TX : 41.0 40.5 24.8 22.0 743 1,017 891
WY : 63.8 67.3 20.5 20.1 1,139 1,308 1,353
Oth St 2/: 2.2 2.2 29.5 31.4 44 65 69

19

1/ Relates to year of intended harvest except for overwintered spring planted
beets in CA.
2/ Includes NM and WA.

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Production

- 1,000 Acres -

FL 434.0 440.0 35.5 34.2 13,188 15,407 15,048
HI : 79.0 78.5 85.1 88.5 7,277 6,723 6,947
LA > 245.0 345.0 20.6 25.0 8,083 5,056 8,625
1X 36.2 35.0 26.2 29.5 878 950 1,033
US 794.2 898.5 35.4 35.2 29,426 28,136 31,653
1/ Net tons.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

August 1991 A-27 NASS, USDA


All Other Hay: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested Production

State :-------------------------------- 0222+ ------ 2 nnn ne
1990 = :Ind 1991: 1990 Ind 1991
- 1,000 Acres - --- Tons --- 2 ------- 1,000 Tons ----------
AL : 750 780 1.50 2.40 1,540 1,125 1,872
AZ : 30 40 3.90 4.50 140 117 180
AR : 950 1,070 1.75 2.20 2,123 1,663 2,354
CA : 570 630 2.30 2.50 1,690 1,311 1,575
co : 810 820 1.50 1.60 1,050 1,215 1,312
CT : 67 68 2.20 1.90 125 147 129
DE : 15 14 2.30 2.30 36 35 32
FL : 240 230 2.30 2.80 598 552 644
GA : 570 570 2.00 2.70 1,620 1,140 1,539
ID 2 170 200 2.00 2.10 323 340 420
IL : 240 330 2.40 2.40 640 576 792
IN : 300 300 2.20 2.00 925 660 600
IA 2 300 300 2.40 2.10 950 720 630
KS : 1,700 1,500 1.80 1.60 2,560 3,060 2,400
KY : 1,880 1,950 2.00 2.00 4,095 3,760 3,900
LA : 300 300 2.20 2.20 767 660 660
ME : 200 203 1.85 1.80 380 370 365
MD : 145 140 2.55 2.00 310 370 280
MA : 74 75 2.05 1.90 155 152 143
MI : 200 250 2.30 2.30 525 460 575
MN : 800 800 1.80 1.80 1,980 1,440 1,440
MS : 575 700 1.80 2.50 1,560 1,035 1,750
MO : 3,100 3,200 1.75 1.70 5,280 5,425 5,440
MT : 800 1,000 1.40 1.60 1,500 1,120 1,600
NE : «2,350 2,050 1.10 1.15 1,805 2,585 2,358
NV 250 240 1.50 1.20 385 375 288
NH 61 62 2.00 1.90 126 122 118
NJ 84 86 2.00 1.90 146 168 163
NM 70 70 1.80 1.80 108 126 126
NY 1,120 1,190 1.95 1.90 2,480 2,184 2,261
NC 440 480 2.10 2.20 1,056 924 1,056
ND 2,100 1,900 1.05 1.30 1,520 2,205 2,470
OH 700 750 2.60 2.10 2,160 1,820 1,575
OK 1,700 1,900 1.50 1.60 3,315 2,550 3,040
OR 600 650 1.70 1.70 1,170 1,020 1,105
PA 1,090 1,110 2.10 1.90 2,331 2,289 2,109
RI 5 6 2.30 2.00 12 12 12
Sc 240 260 1.90 2.30 564 456 598
sD 2,100 2,150 1.20 1.20 1,890 2,520 2,580
2
2 2
2 2
2 1
2 2
2 2
1 1
1 2
1 1
1

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-23 NASS, USDA


July Weather Summary: The warm, dry summer wore on in parts of the Corn Belt,

threatening crops from central Iowa to Pennsylvania.
Drier-than-normal conditions prevailed in the Northeast, and from the Ohio
Valley southward to the lower Mississippi Valley. The northern and central
Plains turned dry in July, but most of the southern Plains and southern
Rockies were unusually wet. Other wetter-than-normal areas included the
Southeast and portions of Missouri and the Great Lakes States.

The majority of the Nation was warmer than normal in July. Above-average
cloudiness and rainfall held temperatures more than 2° F below normal in the
central and southern Rockies, southern Plains, and southern California.
Temperature departures exceeded +2° F in parts of the Great Basin, central
Plains, eastern Corn Belt, and mid-Atlantic region.

July's lengthiest hot spell began at mid-month. Many locations east of the
Rockies endured 9 days of greater than 90° F heat before a cold front swept
off the East coast on the 24th. No rain fell during the heat wave from the
central Plains to the Northeast, heightening crop stress.

July Crop Development: Pushed by higher-than-normal temperatures across most

of the Nation during July, crops continued to develop
and mature earlier than normal. Lack of rainfall, however, became a concern
to producers in the Plains and Corn Belt regions, as only sporadic
thundershowers were received during the month.

Corn was progressing ahead of schedule in the eastern half of the Nation
entering July, and continued to develop ahead of schedule through the month.
Harvest was underway in southern Texas and the Gulf States during the second
half of the month, while much of the crop was in the dough stage in the
eastern Corn Belt. Crop condition deteriorated steadily during the month as
soil moisture deficiencies intensified from southeastern Iowa through
Pennsylvania.

Soybean planting was virtually complete entering July, and bloom had advanced
much earlier than usual in the Ohio Valley. By the end of the month, pods
were setting on much of the Ohio Valley acreage and were beginning to set in
the Delta. As with corn, soybean crop condition deteriorated during the month
due to limited soil moisture. Improved conditions were evident where
sufficient rains were received: the Great Lakes, Southeast, and Louisiana.

Development of the Nation's cotton crop was lagging somewhat behind normal
entering July due to late planting in the Delta and Tennessee Valley and cool
Spring weather in the West. Progress was near normal by the end of the month,
as hotter weather during the month promoted rapid crop development. South
Texas growers were picking cotton as weather permitted during the latter half
of the month. Crop condition was good in the Southwest and Southeast but
mostly fair in the Mississippi and Tennessee Valleys.

Rice progress was ahead of normal in Arkansas, Texas, and Louisiana entering
July, but behind normal in California and Mississippi. Harvest got underway
near mid-month in the southern regions of Texas and Louisiana. Crop condition
rated fair in Louisiana and mostly good in the other major producing States.

Sorghum was heading slightly earlier than normal early in July and advanced at
a good pace during the month. Crop condition was mostly good in the High
Plains and fair in Kansas and the Mississippi Valley.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-3 NASS, USDA


Cotton: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Production 1/

: Area Harvested : Yield

Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991: 1989
~- 1,000 Acres -~ --- Pounds ---

0 476 542 383.0 375.0 480.0

0 1,110 1,236 649.0 805.0 950.0

A) 692 733 851.0 1,081.0 1,450.0

0 1,204 1,161 2,661.0 2,734.0 2,250.0

0 640 720 29.0 48.0 75.0

0 555 689 342.0 405.0 610.0

8 280 320 0.2 0.7 1.2

0 715 698 868.0 1,177.0 1,120.0

-0 728 735 1,555.0 1,850.0 1,900.0

0 641 625 269.0 314.0 345.0

0 735 747 80.0 95.0 98.0

0 631 684 141.0 263.0 650.0

0 496 389 173.0 382.0 340.0

0 452 $77 154.0 145.0 250.0

0 461 453 476.0 495.0 580.0

0 477 488 2,870.0 4,965.0 6,100.0

5 562 675 2.7 2 24.6

3 632 626 11,503.9 15,140.9 17,223.8

AZ 124.0 94.7 751 912 477.0 194.0 180.0
CA 25.5 60.0 1,080 1,020 40.2 57.4 127.5
MS 1.3 1.0 591 528 1,0 1.6 1.1
NM 19.3 20.0 609 624 44.5 24.5 26.0
TMX 57.0 58.0 682 745 129.0 81.0 90.0
1 233.7 758 872 691.7 358.5 424.6

0 425.0 476 542 383.0 375.0 480.0

0 463.7 1,016 1,170 1,126.0 999.0 1,130.0

0 950.0 692 733 851.0 1,081.0 1,450.0

5 990.0 1,201 1,153 2,701.2 2,791.4 2,377.5

0 50.0 6 720 0 48.0 75.0

0 425.0 555 689 342.0 405.0 610.0

2 1.8 280 320 2 0.7 1.2

0 770.0 715 698 868.0 1,177.0 1,120.0

3 1,241.0 728 735 1,556.0 1,851.6 1,901.1

0 265.0 641 625 269.0 314.0 345.0

3 83.0 706 717 124.5 119.5 124.0

0 456.0 631 684 141.0 263.0 650.0

0 420.0 496 389 173.0 382.0 340.0

0 208.0 452 577 154.0 145.0 250.0

0 615.0 461 453 476.0 495.0 580.0

0 6,058.0 479 490 2,999.0 5,046.0 6,190.0

3 17.5 562 675 7 6.2 24.6

-6 13,439.0 634 630 12,195.6 15,499.4 17,648.4

1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. 2/ 480-Lb net weight bales.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-18 NASS, USDA


Sorghum for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

- 1,000 Acres - -- Bushels --
AL : 22 23 45.0 50.0 1,500 990 1,150
AZ 1/ : 240
AR : 275 270 66.0 60.0 21,080 18,150 16,200
CAl/: 810
co 220 270 47.0 40.0 11,375 10,340 10,800
GA 40 60 30.0 45.0 2,000 1,200 2,700
IL 195 170 75.0 74.0 11,620 14,625 12,580
KS 2,800 3,100 66.0 55.0 198,750 184,800 170,500
KY 31 25 84.0 78.0 720 2,604 1,950
LA 128 130 65.0 60.0 6,175 8,320 7,800
MS 85 90 65.0 75.0 4,505 5,525 6,750
MO 520 570 82.0 75.0 45,030 42,640 42,750
NE 1,400 1,250 77.0 56.0 101,060 107,800 70,000
NM 50 170 65.0 65.0 12,500 3,250 11,050
NC 40 25 46.0 55.0 3,240 1,840 1,375
OK 350 300 44.0 45.0 17,640 15,400 13,500
Sc 8 20 33.0 40.0 450 264 800
sD 260 300 55.0 42.0 10,400 14,300 12,600
TN 55 70 77.0 73.0 2,025 4,235 5,110
TX 2,600 2,900 52.0 61.0 164,300 135,200 176,900
US 9,079 9,743 62.9 57.9 615,420 571,483 564,515
1/ Estimates discontinued in 1990.
Crop Production Agricultura? Statistics Board

August 1991 A-10 NASS, USDA


Grapes: Production by Crop, State, and U.S., 1989-91

Production
Crop and State : Total 1/
Poco cce ern cc ccc c cnn nr enc c ncn nan Ind
1989 1990 1991
Tons
Grapes Table Type :
CA : 630,000 645,000 570,000
Grapes Wine Type :
CA 2,190,000 2,195,000 2,200,000
Grapes Raisin Type 2/
CA 2,570,000 2,345,000 1,950,000
All Grapes
AZ 26,500 26,000 25,000
AR : 6,500 5,100 8,300
CA : 5,390,000 5,185,000 4,720,000
GA : 2,800 2,900 3,200
MI : 43,000 46,000 46,000
MO : 3,600 1,300 2,700
NY : 152,000 144,000 180,000
NC : 1,700 1,500 1,800
OH : 8,000 7,700 7,900
OR : 7,450 7,000 9,500
PA : 60,000 53,000 75,000
sc : 300 400 400
WA : 229,000 180,000 187,000
US : 5,930,850 5,659,900 5,266,800

1/ Includes unharvested production and harvested not sold (tons): 1989-800;
1990-120.
2/ Fresh basis.

Ginger Root: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, Hawaii, 1989-91

Production

1990

Pounds 1,000 Pounds

HI: 180 190 250 50,000 50,000 48,000 9,000 9,500 12,000

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-33 NASS, USDA


Peaches: Production by State and U.S., 1989-91

Production

State
attain a ata aiatatatar a atetatat ata tetera teeta atatattatatatataatad Ind

1989 1991
AL 2/ 15.0 16.0
AR 2/ : 2.5 12.0
CA - Freestone: 528.0 550.0
co : 4/ 2.0
CT 2/ 4.0 3.4
DE 2/ 0.4 2.7
GA 2/ 125.0 150.0
ID 4.0 4/
IL 13.0 20.5
IN 2/ 4.0 3.8
KS 2/ 2.5 5.0
KY 2/ 2.0 12.0
LA 2/ 1.4 5.0
MD 7.6 18.0
MA 2/ 2.1 2.1
MI 55.0 40.0
MS S/ 1.0
MO 2/ 4.5 10.0
Nd 70.0 120.0
NY 12.5 15.0
NC 2/ 12.0 35.0
OH 2/ 8.0 5.5
OK 2/ 25.0 25.0
OR 2/ 14.0 13.0
PA 65.0 80.0
sc 270.0 315.0
TN 2/ 1.3 7.0
TX 2/ 14.0 32.0
UT 2/ 11.0 4.0
VA 15.0 26.0
WA 44.0 30.0
Ww 9.0 15.0
Total Above : 1,342.8 1,575.0

Clingstone 3/
cA 992.0 1,012.0 970.0
Al

US 2,334.8 2,205.2 2,545.0

/ Includes unharvested production and harvested not sold (million pounds):
U.S., excluding CA clingstone peaches; 1989 - 58.0, 1990 - 36.6.

2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

3/ CA clingstone is over the scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery
diversions (million pounds): 1989 - 68.0; 1990 - 58.0.

/ No significant production due to frost.

/ Estimates discontinued in 1990.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-30 NASS, USDA


United States

(Domestic Units)

Crop Summary - Yield per Acre and Production

Crop and Unit

Potatoes
Winter
Spring
Fall

Sweet Cherries

Tart Cherries

Apricots

Nectarines (CA)

Plums (CA)

Dried Prunes (CA)

Almonds (CA)

Walnuts (CA)

Yield per Acre

2,343
24,163
344,317
156.7
208,800
122.5
211.0
222.0
147.0
660,000
227.0

Production

119.5
160,600
95.1
210.0
210.0
180.0
460,000
240.0

1/ Estimates carried forward from earlier forecast.

United States Crop Summary - Yield per Hectare and Production

(Metric Units)

Crop

Yield per Hectare

Production

Metric Tons

Potatoes

Winter

Spring

Fall
Sweet Cherries
Tart Cherries
Apricots
Nectarines (CA)
Plums (CA)
Dried Prunes (CA)
Almonds (CA)
Walnuts (CA)

Ind 1991 1/
19.90 23.26
28.48 26.11

33.43

106, 280
1,096,020
15,617,960
142,160
94,710
111,130
191,420
201,400
133,360
299,370
205,930

110,000
923,510

108,410
72,850
86,270

190,510

190,510

163,290

208,650

217,720

1/ Estimates carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production
August 1991

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


United States Crop Summary - Yield per Hectare and Production
(Metric Units)

:Yield per Hectare Production

Indicated 1991

Crop : :
1990 :Indicated: 1990

1991
Metric Tons

Corn for Grain 7.44 6.77 201,509,210 188,413,970
Sorghum for Grain 3.95 3.64 14,516,340 14,339,340
Oats 2.16 1.87 5,184,000 4,064,420 3,769,040
Barley 3.01 3.00 9,119,510 10,368,210 10,232,190
All Wheat 2.66 2.35 74,532,310 55,301,480 55,328,650

Winter 2.74 2.33 55,337,330 37,048,950 37,338,250

Durum 2.35 2.31 3,324,950 3,115,060 3,107,120

Other Spring 2.47 2.41 15,870,030 15,137,470 14,883,280
Rice 6.17 6.21 7,027,010 7,119,770
Soybeans for Beans 2.29 2.14 52,302,470 50,861,080
Peanuts for Nuts : 2.23 2.91 1,634,190 2,312,500
All Cotton : 71 71 3,374,590 3,842,490

Upland : 71 .70 3,296,540 3,750,040

Amer-Pima : 85 98 78,050 92,450
Cottonseed : 5,412,720 6,186,000
All Hay > 6.35 5.57 133,342,550 142,296,460

Alfalfa 7.37 7.48 75,799,820 78,232,890

All Other 3.93 4.25 57,542,730 64,063,570
Dry Edible Beans 1.74 1.86 1,470,950 1,408,000
Summer Potatoes 26.91 26.36 1,045,490 1,035,230 1,048,660
Tobacco 1/ 2.49 2.41 737,150 745,560
Sugarbeets 44.86 44.43 24,982,050 24,923,990
Sugarcane for

Sugar and Seed 79.42 78.97 25,524,550 28,715,120
Hops : 1.80 1.81 25,790 29,010
Apples, Comm'1 : 4,398,390 4,519,590 4,561,330
Peaches : 1,000,260 1,160,290 1,154,390
Pears : 874,340 797,960 798,870
Grapes : 5,134,570 4,777,960
Prunes and Plums :

(Excl CA) : 43,360 29,760
Olives (CA) : 118,840 54,430

1/ 1990 Revised.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-6 NASS, USDA


Cottonseed: Production, U.S., 1989-91

Production

Dry Edible Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91 1/

Area Harvested Yield Production
State 9 }----------------------------------- +2 2-2-2
1990 :Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991: 1989 : 1990 :Ind 1991
- 1,000 Acres - --- Pounds --- — ------ 1,000 Cwt ------
Large Lima :
CA : 23.0 29.0 1,990 2,160 618 458 626
Baby Lima :
CA : 25.0 34.0 2,200 2,450 728 550 833
Other :
CA 2 120.0 74.0 1,750 2,045 2,011 2,100 1,513
All :
CA : 168.0 137.0 1,850 2,169 3,357 3,108 2,972
co : 225.0 195.0 1,900 1,950 3,108 4,275 3,803
ID : 178.0 143.0 2,000 2,050 3,444 3,560 2,932
KS : 38.0 32.0 1,750 1,700 326 665 544
MI : 330.0 340.0 1,650 1,500 3,975 5,445 5,100
MN : 136.0 120.0 1,300 1,500 910 1,768 1,800
MT : 13.0 12.3 1,690 1,700 130 220 209
NE 254.0 210.0 1,970 2,000 3,494 5,004 4,200
NM 14.0 16.0 1,650 2,000 280 231 320
NY 39.5 35.0 1,700 1,500 450 672 525
ND 550.0 500.0 910 1,250 2,460 5,005 6,250
OR 2/ 9.0 7.0 2,000 2,000 180 140
TX 2/ 21.0 15.0 1,050 1,400 221 210
UT 4.0 5.5 330 400 15 13 22
WA 47.0 50.0 1,940 2,000 929 912 1,000
WI 2/ 10.9 11.4 1,700 1,700 185 194
WY 49.0 41.0 1,970 2,000 851 965 820
US : 2,086.4 1,870.2 1,554 1,660 23,729 32,429 31,041

1/ Excludes beans grown for garden seed. 2/ Estimates began in 1990.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-19 NASS, USDA


Corn for Grain: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production
by State and U.S., 1989-91

stat Area Harvested Yield : Production
ate t--- n-ne 5 $n nn nnn nn enn nnn nn nnn nnn nn nn enn nn nn nn nn nnn nen ene
1990 :Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991: 1989 1990 Ind 1991
- 1,000 Acres - --- Bushels ---  — ----- 1,000 Bushels --------
AL: 240 220 58.0 70.0 14,580 13,920 15,400
AZ : 7 5 160.0 165.0 1,885 1,120 825
AR 73 80 95.0 105.0 7,076 6,935 8,400
cA 160 130 160.0 165.0 29,600 25,600 21,450
e y 830 850 155.0 155.0 134,850 128,650 131,750
DE 172 168 115.0 95.0 13,300 19,780 15,960
FL 75 75 71.0 70.0 5,920 5,325 5,250
GA 550 550 68.0 100.0 52,250 37,400 55,000
1D 30 45 130.0 125.0 6,250 3,900 5,625
IL 10,400 11,100 127.0 105.0 1,322,250 1,320,800 1,165,500
IN 5,450 5,650 129.0 98.0 691,600 703 ,050 553,700
IA 12,400 11,800 126.0 112.0 1,445,500 1,562,400 1,321,600
KS 1,450 1,600 130.0 120.0 155,000 188,500 192,000
KY 1,200 1,250 100.0 90.0 136,880 120,000 112,500
ta 186 220 116.0 95.0 13,490 21,576 20,900
1
He v 450 460 118.0 77.0 44,000 53,100 35,420
1/
MI 2,070 2,300 115.0 105.0 222,610 238,050 241,500
MN 6,150 5,900 124.0 128.0 700,000 762,600 755,200
MS 140 150 80.0 75.0 9,800 11,200 11,250
MO 1,960 2,050 105.0 95.0 219,840 205,800 194,750
MT 9 14 95.0 90.0 320 855 1,260
NE V 7,300 7,900 128.0 125.0 847,000 934,400 987,500
No 75 78 118.0 112.0 7,242 8,850 8,736
NM 55 60 145.0 155.0 9,600 7,975 9,300
NY 620 690 98.0 90.0 53,010 60,760 62,100
NC 1,070 950 68.0 90.0 88,350 72,760 85,500
ND 460 600 80.0 90.0 34,875 36,800 54,000
OH 3,450 3,600 121.0 98.0 342,200 417,450 352,800
OK 88 95 114.0 115.0 9,360 10,032 10,925
OR 18 22 150.0 150.0 3,520 2,700 3,300
PA Y, 970 950 113.0 73.0 98,880 109,610 69,350
SC 320 245 45.0 88.0 30,940 14,400 21,560
so 3,000 3,250 78.0 78.0 190,800 234,000 253,500
IN 510 510 86.0 91.0 56,710 43,860 46,410
TX 1,450 1,600 90.0 112.0 148,400 130,500 179,200
VT / 19 140.0 140.0 2,640 2,660 2,800
VA 365 320 100.0 80.0 40,150 36,500 25,600
WA 80 88 175.0 170.0 15,750 14,000 14,960
WV 50 55 105.0 70.0 4,370 5,250 3,850
WI 3,000 3,100 118.0 115.0 310,800 354,000 356,500
WY 120.0 110.0 3,895 6,000 4,400
US 66,952 68,790 118.5 107.8 7,525,493 7,933,068 7,417,531
l/ Not estimated. ~
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

August 1991 A-9 NASS, USDA


Tobacco by Class and Type: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1990-91 - (continued)

: Area Harvested
Class and Type pocee-------------------- +--+ - +++ +--+ oe eee eee

1990 Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991: 1990 Ind 1991
---- Acres --- -- Pounds --- -- 1,000 Pounds --
Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3b, Dark
Air-cured
Type 35, One Sucker
Belt :
KY : 2,000 2,500 2,250 2,150 4,500 5,375
IN : 500 590 2,040 2,100 1,020 1,239
US : 2,500 3,090 2,208 2,140 5,520 6,614
Type 36, Green River :
Belt :
Hy 900 1,300 2,250 2,000 2,025 2,600
Type 37, VA Sun-cured:
Belt :
VA : 80 80 1,275 1,200 102 96
Total 35-37 : 3,480 4,470 2,197 2,083 7,647 9,310

Class 4, Cigar Filler :

Type 41, PA Seedleaf :
PA : 6,400 6,700 2,050 1,950 13,120 13,065

Class 5, Cigar Binder :

Class 5a, CT Valley :

Binder

Type 51, CT Valley

Broadleaf :
CT : 570 700 1,700 1,700 969 1,190
MA : 90 120 2,120 1,850 191 222
US : 660 820 1,758 1,722 1,160 1,412

Class 5b, WI Binder :
Type 54, Southern WI :
WI

: 4,100 4,200 2,350 2,200 9,635 9,240
Type 55, Northern WI :

WI : 2,800 3,200 1,460 1,650 4,088 5,280
Total 54-55 ~ : 6,900 7,400 1,989 1,962 13,723 14,520
Total 51-55 > ~7,560 8,220 1,969 1,938 14,883 15,932
Class 6, Cigar Wrapper:

Type 61, CT Valley

Shade-grown :

CT : 1,250 1,080 1,630 1,670 2,038 1,804

MA : 380 370 1,615 1,680 614 622

us : 1,630 1,450 1,627 1,673 2,652 2,426
All Cigar Types :

Total 41-61 : 15,590 16,370 1,966 1,920 30,655 31,423
All Tobacco 732,710 2,218 2,150 1,625,147 1,643,6!

81

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-25 NASS, USDA


C rop ‘< Agteuttural
e Statistics
Production

Service

United States
Department of
Agriculture

Washington, D.C.

Released August 12, 1991, by the Agricultural Statistics Board. Forecasts
refer to August 1, 1991.

Corn Production Down 6 Percent
Cotton Production Up 14 Percent

The first corn for grain production forecast of the 1991 season is

7.42 billion bushels, 6 percent below last year's crop. The U.S. average
yield per acre is forecast at 107.8 bushels, down 10.7 bushels from last
year's yield. The 1991 conditions have been extremely varied ranging from a
record forecasted yield in Minnesota to a 31 bushel yield reduction from last
year in Indiana.

All Cotton production for the 1991 season is forecast at 17.6 million bales,
up 14 percent from last year and 45 percent above the 1989 crop. If realized,
this crop will be the largest all cotton production since 1937. The largest
planted and harvested acreages since 198] contribute to the large production
increase, offsetting an average yield expected to be slightly lower than a
year earlier.

The first soybean production forecast of the 1991 crop is 1.87 billion
bushels, down 3 percent from the previous year. Yield is expected to average
31.8 bushels per acre, 2.2 bushels below 1990. Yields are expected to decline
in most areas except North Dakota, Texas, and the southeast. Yields in the
eastern Corn Belt are anticipated to be down due to dry conditions during June
and July. Yields across the southeastern States are generally up from 1990
levels due to more favorable weather conditions this summer.

All wheat production is forecast at 2.03 billion bushels, up slightly from
last month but 26 percent lower than 1990's level. Area for grain is

58.1 million acres, off 16 percent from last year. The average yield is

35.0 bushels, per acre unchanged from last month and down 4.5 bushels per acre
from last season. As of August 4, the winter wheat harvest was nearing
completion in all States except in the Pacific Northwest while the spring
wheat harvests were just getting underway in most major producing States.

Sorghum production for 1991 is forecast at 565 million bushels, down 1 percent
from the 1990 production. Yields are expected to average 57.9 bushels per
acre, down 5.0 bushels from the 1990 yield. As-of August 4, 56 percent of the
crop had headed. The Texas harvest was 54 percent complete and running ahead
of normal.

Index and report features are located at the end of this report. For
information, call (202) 447-2127. Office hours are 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET.

Cr Pr 2-2 (8-91)


significant upward trend in California's apple production. After a poor crop
in 1990, Colorado expects normal production in 1991. The Oregon prospects for
a crop remain unchanged from last month at a level only two-thirds of last
year. The Idaho crop will also be well below Tast year’s total.

Pears: Total U.S. pear production is placed at 880,600 tons, virtually
unchanged from last month but 9 percent less than 1990.

Bartlett pear production in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at
505,000 tons, unchanged from last month but 12 percent less than last year.
Harvest began in California and is expected to start by mid-August in Oregon
and Washington. California's fruit has good size but shape is variable.

Production of pears other than Bartlett, in the Pacific Coast States, is
forecast at 344,000 tons, virtually unchanged from last month, but 5 percent
less than 1990. Picking of Asian pears started in California's Central
Valley.

Harvest has begun in southern Michigan. Fruit quality is expected to be good.
Drought conditions slowed fruit sizing in New York.

Grapes: The production for all grapes in the U.S. is 5.27 million tons,

7 percent less than last year and 11 percent less than the 1989 crop.
This year's production reduction is due primarily to a smaller California
raisin crop. The California all grape forecast is 4.72 million tons,
9 percent below the 1990 crop and 11 percent less than 1989. The California
raisin type forecast is based on the grape objective measurement survey and is
1.95 million tons, 15 percent less than the July 1 forecast and 17 percent
below 1990. An early July heat wave adversely affected the crop. There are
20,000 acres of Thompson Seedless grapes of bearing age in the Raisin Industry
Diversion Program (RID) for 1991. This acreage has been pruned so as not to
produce any grapes.

The forecast for California wine type grapes remains unchanged from last month
at 2.20 million tons. This year's expected production is virtually unchanged
from the last two years. Wine type varieties generally escaped heat damage
and are in good condition.

California table type grape production is expected to be 570,000 tons, down
5 percent from July and down 12 percent from last year's production. Table
grape production was also reduced by the hot July temperatures. Table grape
picking continued, while raisin and wine type harvest will begin later this
month.

The Michigan grape crop is forecast at 46,000 tons, unchanged from last year.
A large secondary bud set, good pollination, and good growing conditions have
offset much of the April 11 freeze damage. The New York all grape forecast is
180,000 tons, 25 percent larger than the 1990 crop. Good cluster and berry
counts are expected to make up for the small berry size due to dry conditions.
The crop is developing up to three weeks ahead of normal. The Pennsylvania
grape crop is forecast at 75,000 tons, 42 percent higher than last season.
Berry size is smaller than normal. The lack of rain has eliminated problems
with mildew, black rot, and insects. The Washington forecast for all grapes
is 187,000 tons, 4 percent above the 1990 production. The forecast consists

Crep Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-15 NASS, USDA


Barley: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

1990 Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991 1989 1990 : Ind 1991

- 1,000 Acres - --- Bushels --  — ----- 1,000 Bushels --~----

AZ 1/: 15 20 105.0 112.0 1,236 1,575 2,240
CA : 200 160 50.0 55.0 14,500 10,000 8,800
co : 150 130 80.0 82.0 12,160 12,000 10,660
DE 1/: 27 32 70.0 63.0 2,200 1,890 2,016
ID : 780 790 72.0 75.0 59,500 56,160 59,250
KS : 21 25 44.0 35.0 576 924 875
kyl; : 17 22 ~=—-60.0 55.0 1,139 1,020 1,210
MD : 63 78 = 68.0 61.0 4,000 4,284 4,758
MI 1/ : 43 33 60.0 48.0 2,320 2,580 1,584
MN 3 800 875 63.0 50.0 44,000 50,400 43,750
MT : 1,380 1,700 41.0 50.0 68,800 56,580 85,000
NE 1/: 22 27 40.0 45.0 650 880 1,215
NV 1/: 9 6 75.0 70.0 990 675 420
NJ 1/ : 6 8 62.0 63.0 472 372 504
NM : 2/ 2/ 2/ 2/ 375 2/ 2/
NC 1/: 30 35 53.0 47.0 2,064 1,590 1,645
ND : 2,450 2,800 53.0 51.0 98,050 129,850 142,800
OK 1/: 17 10 41.0 33.0 800 697 330
OR : 130 175 70.0 70.0 12,060 9,100 12,250
PA : 60 70 ©6690 67.0 5,015 4,140 4,690
Sc l/: 13 9 52.0 40.0 560 676 360
So : 500 460 49.0 49.0 19,250 24,500 22,540
KX 1: 16 16 38.0 40.0 480 608 640
UT : 105 95 81.0 85.0 9,006 8,505 8,075
VA: 80 85 66.0 67.0 4,875 5,280 5,695
WA : 390 570 58.0 61.0 28,420 22,620 34,770
WI : 50 65 54.0 54.0 3,705 2,700 3,510
WY : 125 133 74.0 78.0 7,000 9,250 10,374
55.8 404,203 418,856 469,961

1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.
2/ Estimates discontinued.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-12 NASS, USDA


Oats: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested

1990 = :Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991: 1989 1990 Ind 1991

- 1,000 Acres - -- Bushels -- ---- 1,000 Bushels ---
AL I/: 25 30 50.0 40.0 1,375 1,250 1,200
AR 1/ : 45 30 60.0 53.0 4,380 2,700 1,590
CA : 40 35 75.0 70.0 3,375 3,000 2,450
co : 45 30 50.0 60.0 3,025 2,250 1,800
GA l/: 40 70 56.0 45.0 4,130 2,240 3,150
ID : 30 45 66.0 65.0 4,080 1,980 2,925
IL : 170 130 68.0 56.0 16,000 11,560 7,280
IN : 70 45 69.0 54.0 6,840 4,830 2,430
IA : 600 450 68.0 47.0 54,000 40,800 21,150
: 120 110 55.0 51.0 9,000 6,600 5,610
2/ 2/ 2/ 2/ 480 2/ 2/
31 27 65.0 65.0 2,590 2,015 1,755
17 15 58.0 53.0 1,320 986 795
225 130 58.0 51.0 20,100 13,050 6,630
730 600 66.0 45.0 46,750 48,180 27,000
42 35 53.0 50.0 3,600 2,226 1,750
70 110 40.0 55.0 6,670 2,800 6,050
280 210 48.0 54.0 8,640 13,440 11,340
2/ 2/ 2/ 2/ 264 2/ 2/
135 110 61.0 52.0 9,145 8,235 5,720
40 45 61.0 62.0 3,135 2,440 2,790
600 650 51.0 52.0 20,150 30,600 33,800
230 170 70.0 55.0 15,750 16,100 9,350
60 34 38.0 38.0 2,040 2,280 1,292
45 50 102.0 100.0 6,860 4,590 5,000
240 230 66.0 42.0 13,770 15,840 9,660
32 45 57.0 47.0 2,360 1,824 2,115
950 700 56.0 59.0 44,000 53,200 41,300
225 190 41.0 40.0 6,600 9,225 7,600
12 10 68.0 72.0 1,258 816 720
2/ 2/ 2/ 2/ 495 2/ 2/
40 40 66.0 63.0 2,835 2,640 2,520
6 6 57.0 49.0 300 342 294
710 560 67.0 55.0 46,860 47,570 30,800
35 30 44.0 60.0 1,410 1,540 1,800
US : 5,940 4,972 60.1 52.2 373,587 357,149 259,666

1/ Current estimates carried forward from previous forecast.
2/ Estimates discontinued.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-11 NASS, USDA


In Kentucky, the crop continues to wait for rain. More burley was cut in July
than usual. Plant sizes are highly variable. Early set tobacco is fairing
better than Tater set plants. The later set tobacco especially needs rain.
Some Tennessee producers are enjoying their best year ever while others are
experiencing one of their worst. Early set tobacco looks good but the
mid-to-late settings look only fair. One more good rain would add weight.
Black shank and blue mold have been a problem and have had about as much
impact as the weather.

Fire-cured production is forecast at 33.2 million pounds, down 5 percent from
a year earlier. Acreage is up 3 percent but yield is expected to average
175 pounds per acre less than last year.

Southern Maryland type 32 production is forecast at 16.2 million pounds
compared with 16.3 million pounds produced last year. The area for harvest,
at 11,200 acres, is up 5 percent from a year ago. Yield per acre of

1,450 pounds compares with 1,525 pounds last year.

Growers of dark air-cured tobacco expect to harvest 4,470 acres with a
production of 9.31 million pounds, Acreage is up 28 percent and production
increased by 22 percent from a year earlier.

All cigar-type production is expected to total 31.4 million pounds, 3 percent
more than in 1990. Cigar filler production is nearly the same as a year ago.
Binder production is 7 percent higher but cigar wrapper production is

9 percent lower than last year's production.

Summer Potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 23.1 million
cwt. The August forecast is 1 percent above July, slightly

above last year, and 4 percent above 1989. Farmers expect to harvest

98,300 acres during the summer season, an increase of 2 percent from a year

earlier. The average yield, however, is expected to decline 2 percent.

Continued dry weather along the Atlantic Coast damaged potatoes and reduced
yield potential. Harvest is moving rapidly. Yields in New Jersey and
Delaware are well below a year ago. In North Carolina, summer potatoes are
more than 75 percent harvested, well ahead of average progress. In Virginia,
size and quality were adversely affected by low moisture levels. Texas
harvest is in full swing with yields holding above last year. In New Mexico,
digging started in the High Plains in July with yields expected better than
last year. Harvest should start in mid-August in the four corners area.

Midwest potatoes are turning out better than expected earlier. Yields in
Michigan and Minnesota now equal last year and are up substantially in
Missouri. Potatoes are rated mostly good or better in Colorado with harvest
underway. California's cool weather slowed maturity but quality is good.

Sugarbeets: The sugarbeet production forecast, at 27.5 million tons, is

virtually the same as a year ago but 9 percent above two years
earlier. Compared with last year, a decline in the average yield of 0.2 ton
offsets an acreage increase of 1 percent. Minnesota and North Dakota show the
largest tonnage increases, while California, Idaho, and Michigan have the
largest decreases.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-11 NASS, USDA


Pears: Production by Crop, State, and U.S., 1989-91

Crop and State

por or nr rrr nen nn nnn nn nnn mene nen nnnne Ind
1989 1991
Bartlett :
CA : 298,000 314,000 295,000
OR : 67,000 83,000 65,000
WA : 157,000 177,000 145,000
Total : 522,000 574,000 505,000
Excluding Bartlett :
CA : 17,000 18,000 19,000
OR : 148,000 150,000 160,000
WA 2 192,000 195,000 165,000
Total : 357,000 363,000 344,000
al :
CA : 315,000 332,000 314,000
co 2/ : 4,000 2,500 3,600
CT 2/ : 1,200 1,100 1,200
MI : 8,000 2,500 5,000
NY : 16,500 14,600 15,000
OR : 215,000 233,000 225,000
PA 2/ : 5,500 3,300 4,400
UT 2/ : 2,600 2,800 2,400
WA : 349,000 372,000 310,000
US : 916,800 963,800 880,600

1/ Includes unharvested production and harvested not sold (tons):
U.S.; 1989 - 350, 1990 - 150.
2/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-32 NASS, USDA


of 167,000 tons of Concord grapes and 20,000 tons of wine varieties. Concord

grapes sustained much less damage from the cold December temperatures than did
wine varieties.

Florida Citrus: Most of the State's groves and trees are in excellent
condition. Soil moisture ranges from adequate to surplus in
all citrus growing counties. Hard rains and afternoon thunderstorms left some
lowland groves soggy and too wet to cultivate. There is an abundance of new
growth on trees of all ages produced by ideal growing conditions. New crop
fruit has good size for this time of year. Growers, caretakers, and State
agencies are spraying, mowing, and clean cultivating to reduce the grasshopper
population which is causing problems in the upper West Coast counties.

California Fruits & Nuts: Hot temperatures during the first week of July

stressed trees and vines and hastened maturity of
many crops. Apple, pear, walnut, and prune orchards received sunburn damage,
while grape vineyards showed signs of bunch-drying and sunburn. Raisin and
table type grapes were impacted the most. Growers had difficulty keeping up
with the fast-paced apricot harvest. The plum, Freestone peach, and nectarine
harvest progressed with 60 percent of the Freestone peaches and 46 percent of
the nectarines harvested by month's end. Cling peaches were ‘sprayed for twig
borer and mold. The Central Valley table grape harvest gained momentum;
picking of Perlette grapes started in Fresno county, while Flame seedless and
Beauty seedless grapes showed maturity and color. Harvesting and packing of
Bartlett and Asian pears continued. Asian pears were treated for codling
moth. Dead avocado trees, damaged from the December 1990 freeze, were removed
and new trees were planted. Orange and lemon growers irrigated and treated
groves to control red scale. Packing of Valencia oranges and coastal lemons
continued.

Ginger Root: Hawaiian ginger root production for 1991 is expected to reach
a record high 12.0 million pounds, 26 percent higher than 1990.
Acreage increased to 250 acres, 32 percent more than 1990.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-16 NASS, USDA


1989-91 1/

Production
Total 2/
Se Ind
1989 1990 1991
: Million Pounds
AZ 2/ : 34.0 64.0
AR 2/ : 9.0 12.0
CA : 675.0 780.0
co : 70.0 35.0
CT : 24.0 33.0
DE 2/ : 15.0 17.0
GA 2/ : 25.0 22.0
ID : 158.0 165.0
IL : 91.0 60.0
IN : 64.0 57.0
TA 2/ : 11.5 9.5
KS 2/ : 13.0 8.0
KY 2/ : 16.0 9.0
ME : 69.0 88.0
MD : 37.0 33.0
MA 78.0 85.0
MI 950.0 750.0
MN 2/ 31.0 20.0
MO 55.0 41.0
NH 41.0 48.0
NJ 48.0 60.0
NM 2/ 5.3 6.8
NY 960.0 990.0
NC 220.0 230.0
OH 125.0 120.0
OR 160.0 180.0
PA 320.0 450.0
RI : 5.5 6.0
Sc 2/ : 35.0 34.0
TN 2/ : 11.5 8.5
UT 2/ : 56.0 24.0
VT : 45.0 43.0
VA 325.0 210.0
WA 5,000.0 4,800.0
WV : 115.0 150.0
WI : 65.0 48.0
US 8 8

1/ In orchards of 100 or more bearing age trees.
2/ Includes unharvested production and harvested not sold (million pounds):
United States; 1989 - 45.4, 1990 - 38.6.

3/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-31 NASS, USDA


Area Planted, by States, 1991, United States, 1989-91

Cotton :
State at aa : Dry Edible Beans
Upland Amer-Pima
1,000 Acres
AL : 430.0
AZ 2 370.0 95.0
AR : 990.0
CA 2 950.0 60.0 *142.0
co : *200.0
FL : *50.5
GA *430.0
ID : 145.0
KS : 2.0 34.0
LA : *800.0
MI : *350.0
MN : 125.0
MS : *1,250.0 1.2
MO : 270.0
MT : 12.5
NE : 220.0
NM : 65.0 20.0 16.0
NY : *36.0
NC : 460.0
ND 3 520.0
OK : 440.0
OR 3 7.0
SC : 210.0
TN : 620.0
TX : 6,500.0 60.0 16.0
UT : 6.0
VA : *17.5
: 0
a)
0

* Updated from "Acreage" released June 27, 1991.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-8 NASS, USDA


Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: Area Harvested, Yield, and production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested Yield Production

State :------------ 2-2-2 oe nn nnn nn nnn nnn nnn nnn nnn nnn ncn nnn nnn nner
1990 :Ind 1991: 1990 :Ind 1991: 1989 1990 : Ind 1991
- 1,000 Acres - -- Tons ---- =--~- 1,000 Tons
AZ : 165 160 7.9 7.7 1,140 1,304
AR : 25 30 3.0 3.0 105 75
CA : 1,060 1,050 6.6 6.5 6,834 6,996
co : 740 780 3.5 3.6 2,400 2,590
CT : 19 18 2.7 2.5 46 51
DE : 8 6 4.1 3.0 37 33
ID : 960 1,030 3.9 4.0 3,720 3,744
IL : 660 620 4.2 3.4 2,886 2,772
IN : 400 350 3.9 3.2 1,440 1,560
IA : 1,700 1,700 3.8 3.2 5,700 6,375
KS : 800 800 3.8 3.2 3,060 3,040
KY : 320 350 3.4 3.5 1,406 1,088
LA : i/ 1/ 1/ l/ 14 1/
ME : 22 19 2.4 2.1 40 53
MD : 86 75 3.9 3.1 319 308
MA : 29 32 2.8 2.5 82 81
MI : 1,250 1,200 3.9 3.7 4,680 4,875
MN : 1,600 1,800 3.2 3.3 4,420 5,120
MO : 480 500 3.0 3.1 1,484 1,440
MT : 1,350 1,400 2.5 2.6 2,970 3,375
NE : 1,450 1,450 3.3 3.4 3,900 4,785
NV : 240 235 4.1 4.0 1,078 984
NH : 15 14 2.5 2.3 41 37
NJ 3 26 24 3.0 2.9 95 78
NM : 250 250 5.0 5.0 1,224 1,250
NY : 860 760 2.6 2.5 2,058 2,193
NC 3 30 40 2.9 3.0 105 87
ND : 1,400 1,500 1.1 2.0 1,500 1,540
OH : 700 600 4.0 3.0 2,393 2,800
OK : 430 400 3.2 3.5 1,800 1,376
OR : 420 400 4.3 4.3 1,720 1,806
PA : 810 780 3.0 2.8 2,378 2,430
RI 2 2 2 2.8 2.3 5 6
sD 2: 2,100 2,350 1.8 2.2 2,400 3,780
TN : 70 80 3.6 3.6 279 252
TX : 100 100 4.0 4.3 462 400
UT : 485 490 3.8 4.0 1,739 1,843
VT : 105 110 2.4 2.1 247 252
VA : 140 130 4.0 3.9 570 560
WA : 470 500 4.8 4.8 2,064 2,256
WV : 60 50 3.2 2.5 203 192
WI : 3,000 3,050 2.8 3.5 7,130 8,400
WY : §70 610 2.4 2.6 1,196 1,368
US 25,401 25,845 3.29 3.34 77,370 83,555

1/ Included in other hay.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-22 NASS, USDA


completion in all States except the Pacific Northwest, while the spring wheat
harvest was just getting underway in most major producing States.

Winter Wheat: The final forecast of 1991 winter wheat production is

1.37 billion bushels, up 1 percent from July but down
33 percent from 1990. Average yields are up 0.3 of a bushel from last month
to 34.7 bushels per acre. Harvested area remains unchanged from last month at
39.5 million acres, down 21 percent from last season.

As of August 4, 87 percent of the winter wheat was harvested in the 19 major
producing States. This trailed both last year and average progress by
3 points. Most remaining acreage is in the Pacific Northwest and Montana.

Durum Wheat: Production is forecast at 114 million bushels, virtually

unchanged from July 1 but down 7 percent from 1990. Yields are
expected to average 34.4 bushels per acre, off 0.1 of a bushel from July 1 and
0.5 of a bushel from last year. Declines in Minnesota and South Dakota yields
caused the change from July 1. Area for grain is unchanged.

The condition of North Dakota's durum crop was generally good during July.
Development during the month trailed average. As of July 28, 5 percent of the
acreage was swathed or combined compared with the average 9 percent. Harvest
was just starting in Montana's durum region as of the first of the month.

Other Spring Wheat: Total production is forecast at 547 million bushels,
down 2 percent from July 1 and down 6 percent from 1990.

Yields are expected to average 35.8 bushels per acre, 0.6 bushel less than

last month, and down 0.9 bushel from last season. Area for harvest, at

15.3 million acres, is down 4 percent from 1990.

Dryness in Minnesota's northwestern counties and diseases in the west central
counties have reduced kernel development. Growing conditions have been
excellent in Montana and a record high average yield is indicated. Early
harvest trailed average in North Dakota, reaching 20 percent completion as of
August 4. Harvest in South Dakota reached 66 percent as of August 4; yields
are not as high as expected.

Peanuts: Production is forecast at a record high 5.10 billion pounds, up

42 percent from last year and a 28 percent increase from 1989. The
previous record high production was 4.41 billion pounds in 1984. Harvested
area, estimated at 1.96 million acres, up 9 percent from last year, is the
largest acreage for harvest since 1951 when 1.98 million acres were harvested.
Yields are expected to average 2,596 pounds per harvested acre, 605 pounds
above 1990 and 170 pounds higher than 1989.

Production in the Southeastern States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South
Carolina) is expected to total 3.43 billion pounds, up 72 percent from 1990's
drought reduced production. If realized, Georgia's production would be a
record high. Growers expect to harvest 1.26 million acres, 11 percent above
last year. Yield for the four-State area is expected to average 2,722 pounds
per acre, 960 pounds above last year. Planting was delayed in this region due
to spring rains, but Georgia's plantings were completed on schedule. Although

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-6 NASS, USDA



prospects for a good crop remain favorable, there is concern of white mold and
eaf spot on Georgia's crop. On August 4, Georgia's peanuts were rated

79 percent good and 13 percent excellent, while Alabama's crop was rated

72 percent good and 17 percent excellent.

The Virginia-North Carolina production is forecast at 770 million pounds,

2 percent less than last year. Area for harvest is expected to total

260 thousand acres, 1,000 acres less than 1990's harvested area. Yield per
harvested acre, at 2,963 pounds, is 47 pounds below last year's yield. The
month of July was the wettest since 1931 in many North Carolina peanut
producing counties, which caused delays in spraying programs. Virginia's crop
is developing with normal foliage and vine growth, and with no reports of
significant pest pressure. North Carolina's crop condition was rated

77 percent good and 23 percent fair on August 4.

The Southwest crop production (New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) is expected to
total 902 million pounds, up 10 percent from last year. Area for harvest, up
7 percent from last year, is estimated at 445 thousand acres. Texas and New
Mexico production levels are record highs and, if realized, Texas' yield would
be a record high. Yields for the region are expected to average 2,028 pounds
per acre, a 52 pound increase from the 1990 yield. Texas' peanut condition
remained good, although dryland fields in South Texas are in need of some
moisture. The State's crop condition was 40 percent fair, 46 percent good,
and 14 percent excellent on August 4.

Rice: United States production is forecast at 157 million cwt, 1 percent
above 1990 and 2 percent above 1989. Forecast production increases in
Arkansas and Missouri more than offset lower production expectations in the
other producing States. Arkansas‘ production is forecast to exceed the
1990 level by 18 percent due to both acreage and yield increases. Faced with
water shortages and diminishing demand for short grain varieties, California
producers planted fewer total acres in 1991, resulting in an expected
production decline of 18 percent. Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas producers
seeded less acreage to rice and expect slightly lower yields. Production is
expected to fall 11 percent from 1990 in Texas, 7 percent in Louisiana, and
4 percent in Mississippi.

Planting of 1991 rice was delayed by heavy rain in the Delta, with the most
severe delays in Mississippi. By early August, crop development was ahead of
normal in Louisiana, near normal in Arkansas and Texas, and behind normal in
California and Mississippi. Harvest was underway during July in the southern
regions of Texas and Louisiana. Crop condition rated mostly fair in Louisiana
and Mississippi, and mostly good in the other States entering August.

Soybeans: The first forecast of the 1991 crop is estimated at 1.87 billion
bushels, down 3 percent from the previous year. Yield is expected
to average 31.8 bushels per acre, 2.2 bushels below 1990.

Yields are expected to decline in most areas except North Dakota, Texas, and
the southeast. Yields in the eastern Corn Belt are anticipated to be down due
to dry conditions during June and July. Moisture is needed in Illinois,
Indiana, and Ohio during August to promote pod fill in the advanced crop. In
Minnesota and Iowa, the soybean crop is Tate following a wet planting period
and growers are cautious with yield expectations until their crop is further
developed.

Yields across the southeastern States were generally up from 1990 levels due
to more favorable weather conditions this summer. In North Dakota, the

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-7 NASS, USDA


Pasture and Range Feed: Condition by State and U.S.,
1989-91 and Average 1/

State : Average : 1990 1991 State : Average : 1990 : 1991
: 1980-89 : : 1980-89 : :
Percent Percent

AL 73 72 89 78 61 72
AZ 71 63 77 88 88 66
AR 69 55 81 73 91 75
CA 81 44 65 73 46 82
co 76 72 83 77 84 45
CT 80 88 45 72 68 79
DE 67 88 85 65 61 85
FL 81 83 92 78 98 60
GA 66 49 92 73 60 71
ID 81 70 80 85 78 88
IL 72 87 64 76 85 29
IN 74 89 41 88 92 45
IA 70 95 64 64 46 85
KS 76 76 59 69 76 91
KY 76 86 74 74 82 84
LA 78 76 91 65 57 76
ME 84 91 50 80 §3 80
MD 70 80 40 81 84 63
MA 84 87 50 75 79 69
MI 73 90 72 82 83 89
MN 70 85 93 78 90 55
MS 77 71 92 71 88 76
MO 67 85 71 78 87 101
MT 72 75 94

NE 73 76 75 73 73 76

1/ Good to excellent, 80 and over; poor to fair 65 - 79; very poor, 50 - 64;
severe drought, 35 - 49; extreme drought, under 35.

Prunes and Plums: Production by State, 1989-91

1/ Includes unharvested production and harvested not sold (tons):
1989 - 3,150; 1990 - 4,600.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-28 NASS, USDA


United States Crop Summary - Yield per Acre and Production
(Domestic Units)

Yield per Acre Production

: : Indicated 1991
:Indicated: p----------+------------
1990 : 1991 : 1999 : Jull : Aug 1

Corn for Grain Bu: 118.

§ 107.8 7,933,068 7,417,531
Sorghum for Grain " : 62.9 57.9 571,483 564,515
Oats moos 60.1 52.2 357,149 280,016 259,666
Barley "oo: 55.9 55.8 418,856 476,208 469,961
All Wheat " ; 39.5 35.0 2,738,594 2,031,982 2,032,980

Winter "oy 40.7 34.7 2,033,299 1,361,316 1,371,946

Durum " : 34.9 34.4 122,171 114,459 114,167

Other Spring noo; 36.7 35.8 583,124 556,207 546,867
Rice Cwt 1/: 5,507 5,544 154,919 156,964
Soybeans for Beans Bu : 34.0 31.8 1,921,787 1,868,825
Peanuts for Nuts lb: 1,991 2,596 3,602,770 5,098,200
All Cotton Bale 1/: 634 630 15,499.4 17,648.4

Upland "V/: 632 626 15,140.9 17,223.8

Amer-Pima "V/s: 758 872 358.5 424.6
Cottonseed Ton : 5,966.5 6,818.9
All Hay "os 2.39 2.48 146,985 156,855

Alfalfa " 2 3.29 3.34 83,555 86,237

All Other woo 1.75 1.89 63,430 70,618
Dry Edible Beans Cwt 1/: 1,554 1,660 32,429 31,041
Summer Potatoes Cwt : 240 235 23,049 22,823 23,119
Tobacco 2/ lb : 2,218 2,150 1,625,147 1,643,681
Sugarbeets Ton : 20.0 19.8 27,538 27,474
Sugarcane for :

Sugar and Seed " : 35.4 35.2 28,136 31,653
Hops Lb: 1,603 1,615 56,854.8 63,948.0
Pasture and :

Range Feed 3/ Pet : 73 76
Apples, Comm'] Lb: 9,696,800 9,964,000 10,056,000
Peaches " : 2,205,200 2,558,000 2,545,000
Pears Ton : 963.8 879.6 880.6
Grapes " : 5,659.9 5,266.8
Prunes and Plums :

(Exel CA) 47.8

Olives (CA)

1/ Yield in pounds. 2/ 1990 Revised. 3/ Pasture and Range Feed condition as
of first of month. The 1980-89 average is 73 percent.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-4 NASS, USDA


Peaches: The production of all peaches is forecast at 2.55 billion pounds,

down 1 percent from the July 1 forecast but up 15 percent from 1990.
Production of the Freestone crop, excluding California Clingstone peaches that
are mostly canned, is expected to total 1.58 billion pounds, down 1 percent
from July 1 but up 32 percent from last year.

California's Clingstone crop, at 970 million pounds, is unchanged from the
July 1 forecast but reflects a 4 percent reduction from 1990. Harvest is
progressing well with about 21 percent of the crop picked. Fruit size is good
and quality is better than expected. Defects are low.

California's Freestone crop forecast of 550 million pounds is also unchanged
from July 1 and is 4 percent below the 1990 crop total. Harvest is about two-
thirds complete. The Fay Elberta harvest just started in the first week of
August, about 10 days later than normal. Fruit size continues to be good.

South Carolina's peach crop was 72 percent harvested by August 1, only
3 points ahead of average. Unutilized production will be higher than normal
because of the large percentage of undersized fruit.

Dry weather reduced production prospects since July 1 in Pennsylvania,
Virginia, and West Virginia by limiting fruit size. Virginia's harvest is
about 50 percent complete and harvest is in full swing in West Virginia.

Conditions on August 1 remained unchanged for an excellent peach crop in New
Jersey and a good crop in New York.

Apples: The nation's apple crop is expected to total 10.1 billion pounds,
up 1 percent from the July 1 forecast and 4 percent greater than the
1990 crop.

Production in the Eastern States is forecast at 3.02 billion pounds, down

3 percent from the July 1 forecast, but 21 percent above the 1990 output.
Crop expectations have been reduced from last month in New York, Vermont,
Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and North Carolina. Unusually dry conditions,
combined with a season that is one to three weeks earlier than normal, lowered
the chances for fruit to reach optimum size, especially for early varieties.
Prospects improved, however, in Maine and Virginia.

Production in the Central States, forecast at 1.21 billion pounds, is
virtually unchanged from the July 1 forecast and up 6 percent from the year
earlier total. Michigan prospects remain below average. Harvest of early
varieties is nearly complete. Remaining varieties are as early as

three weeks ahead of normal. Lodi, Jersey Mac, and Paula Red harvests are
expected to be done by mid-August. Prospects in Illinois, Indiana, and
Missouri declined from last month due to the prolonged dryness and expected
smaller fruit. In Ohio and Wisconsin, prospects improved from July 1 despite
the dry weather.

Production in the Western States is placed at 5.83 billion pounds, up

4 percent from the July 1 forecast but 4 percent under the 1990 crop.
Prospects improved in Washington despite expected concerns about fruit size.
The California crop is expected to be the best in recent years despite an
early July heat wave and some sunburned fruit. New bearing acreage, largely
of the high yielding Granny Smith, Fuji, and Gala varieties, is causing a

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-14 NASS, USDA


The area expected to be harvested of 1.39 million acres compares with
1.38 last year. Average yield is forecast at 19.8 tons per acre, 0.2 of a ton
less than a year earlier.

In the Red River Valley, Minnesota and North Dakota's total is up 12 percent
from last year. The average yield for the two States is 2.0 tons per acre
above 1990 and more than offsets a 1 percent acreage decline.

In California, spring planting ended in June. During July, early planted
fields were thinned and treated for mildew and aphids. Crop progress is
behind normal mostly due to below average June and July temperatures. Harvest
started July 3 in Kern County.

The Michigan crop is in good condition. The wet spring forced some
replantings and weakened stands, but favorable weather in July pushed
development of the crop. Harvest is expected to begin in late September.

In Wyoming, a wet, late spring hampered planting and emergence of the
1991 crop. Some acreage was replanted. Condition of the crop varies from
fair to excellent.

Sugarcane: Sugarcane production for sugar and seed in 1991 is forecast at

31.7 million tons, an increase of 13 percent from last year. The
increase reflects a larger expected output in Louisiana, Hawaii, and Texas but
the increase is partially offset with a smaller Florida crop. Nationally,
acreage is higher but yield is lower than in 1990. A total of 898,500 acres
is expected to be harvested, which represents a 13 percent increase from a
year ago. The forecasted yield of 35.2 tons per acre is off 0.2 of a ton from
a year earlier.

Florida sugarcane came through the winter with no damaging cold spells.
Spring and summer weather have been conducive to good growth. Production is
expected to be down 2 percent from last year's excellent crop.

In Hawaii, production is expected to be up 3 percent from last year. Higher
yields are more than offseting an acreage decline. Harvest started slowly due
to wet weather but recent conditions were beneficial for both cane growth and
harvesting.

Excess rain in Louisiana led to several problems including late fertilization,
heavy cane borer infestations, and weedy fields. With near normal yields and
a major increase in acreage from a year ago, production forecast is up

71 percent.

With dry weather, the Texas crop is better than the last two years. The
valley area remained dry but has received timely showers.

Pasture and Range Feed Condition: The pasture and range feed condition on
August 1, for the 48 contiguous States, was

76 percent, 3 points above the August 1, 1990, and the 1980-89 averages.

Conditions were above last year in 25 States and below last year in

23 States.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-12 NASS, USDA


Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested Production
State :----------------------------------+------------------2 = 2-222 --- ===
1990 1989 1990 Ind 1991
: -- 1,000 Acres - ---- 1,000 Bushels ------
AZ Vi 44 7,560 4,136 4,180
CA d/: 54 8,715 5,346 3,200
MN : 30 1,044 1,320 1,050
MT : 235 6,030 4,465 5,549
ND : 3,050 66,000 103,700 97,350
SD : 89 2,880 3,204 2,838
us > 3,502 3,321 34.9 34.4 92,229 122,171 114,167

1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forcast.

Other Spring Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Production

co 1 40 36 © 70.0 75.0 4,900 2,800 2,700
1D 450 460 68.0 71.0 343720 30,600 323660
MN 2,750 2,085 49.0 36.0 96,900 134,750 75,060
MT 27450 2,500 22.0 33.0 85,000 53,900 827500
NV I/: 8 4 70.0 70:0 720 560 280
ND : 7,700 6,900 36.0 34.0 174,000 277,200 234,600
Oo i: 58 46 52.0 50.0 ; ; ;

SD : 2,100 1,750 32.0 31.0 45,100 67,200 54,250
UT 4: 26 23. 45.0 49.0 990 1,170 13127
WA : 280 1,450 41.0 42.0 41,710 11; 480 60,900
Woods: 7 40.0 34.0 310 280 238
woody: 6 6 28.0 42.0 462 168 252
us : 15,875 15,267 36.7 35.8 489,747 583,124 546,867

1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.
Wheat Production by Classes, United States 1/, 1989-91

Spring
ws HET nn wee
"T0000 Bushels tti—“‘“s;C*~‘s*‘s;*;*~TM*S
1989 : 711,040 548,919 194,683 433,455 92,229 56,292 2,036,618

1990 : 1,198,855 549,478 284,966 554,678 122,171 28,446 2,738,594
1991 2/ : 888,689 334,868 148,390 476,800 114,167 70,066 2,032,980
u Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available
or all wheat producing states. Unless unusual situations dictate, the
previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast
season. 2/ Indicated August 1, 1991.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-15 NASS, USDA


Soybeans for Beans: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

- 1,000 Acres - -- Bushels -- —— ------ 1,000 Bushels --------
AL : 440 370 17.0 22.0 11,970 7,480 8,140
AR : 3,350 3,100 27.0 25.0 75,200 90,450 77,500
DE : 199 250 34.0 29.0 7,250 6,766 7,250
FL : 75 40 19.0 26.0 2,640 1,425 1,040
GA : 700 620 14.0 27.0 28,600 9,800 16,740
IL : 9,100 9,100 39.0 35.0 354,000 354,900 318,500
IN > 4,180 4,430 41.0 35.0 166,075 171,380 155,050
IA: ~=-7,900 8,700 41.0 38.0 322,920 323,900 330,600
KS > =1,950 1,950 24.0 22.0 49,950 46,800 42,900
KY : 1,220 1,130 32.0 29.0 36,855 39,040 32,770
LA : 1,750 1,390 24.0 22.0 38,500 42,000 30,580
MD : 495 500 36.0 29.0 16,500 17,820 14,500
MI : 1,140 1,390 38.0 35.0 38,880 43,320 48,650
MN : 4,600 5,450 39.0 37.0 185,000 179,400 201,650
MS : 1,900 1,800 21.0 22.0 40,000 39,900 39,600
MO : 4,150 4,450 30.0 29.0 121,800 124,500 129,050
NE : 2,360 2,450 34.5 31.0 81,920 81,420 75,950
Nd : 108 123 37.0 35.0 3,616 3,996 4,305
NC : 1,350 1,300 24.0 26.0 41,850 32,400 33,800
ND : 495 590 26.0 30.0 13,860 12,870 17,700
OH > 3,480 3,880 39.0 33.0 125,370 135,720 128,040
OK : 210 230 21.0 21.0 6,840 4,410 4,830
PA : 275 305 41.0 33.0 10,370 11,275 10,065
Sc : 750 640 18.5 23.0 20,160 13,875 14,720
SD : 1,920 2,250 28.0 26.0 48,880 53,760 58,500
TN >: 1,250 1,050 27.0 25.0 29,760 33,750 26,250
TX : 200 180 25.0 27.0 12,450 5,000 4,860
VA : 525 515 32.0 29.0 17,280 16,800 14,935
WI : 430 550 41.0 37.0 15,170 17,630 20,350
US : 56,502 58,733 34.0 31.8 1,923,666 1,921,787 1,868,825
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

August 1991 A-17 NASS, USDA


United States Crop Summary - Area Planted and Harvested
(Domestic Unit

Area Planted

Crop freee nn nn---~eee------------.
1990 1991
1,000 Acres

Corn : 74,171 75,909 66,952 68,790
Sorghum : 10,535 11,046 9,079 9,743
Oats : 10,423 8,648 5,940 4,972
Barley : 8,201 8,926 7,499 8,429
All Wheat : 77,286 70,031 69,353 58,137

Winter : 56,998 51,049 49,976 39,549

Durum : 3,565 3,378 3,502 3,321

Other Spring : 16,723 15,604 15,875 15,267
Rice : 2,887.0 2,870.0 2,813.0 2,831.0
Soybeans : 57,795 59,775 56,502 58,733
Peanuts : 1,840.0 1,990.0 1,809.5 1,963.5
All Cotton > 12,348.1 14,091.2 11,731.6 13, 439.0

Upland : 12,116.8 13,855.0 11,504.5 13,205.3

Amer-Pima : 231.3 236.2 227.1 233.7
All Hay : 61,557 63,134

Alfalfa : 25,401 25,845

All Other : 36,156 37,289
Ory Edible Beans : 2,178.6 1,933.0 2,086.4 1,870.2
Summer Potatoes : 103.2 103.4 96.0 98.3
Tobacco 2/ : 732.7 764.3
Sugarbeets > 1,399.4 1,405.7 1,376.2 1,386.2
Sugarcane for :

ugar and Seed : 794.2 898.5
Hops : 35.5 39.6

1/ Harvested for principal use of each crop, i.e., grain, beans, nuts, etc.
2/ 1990 Revised.

United States Crop Summary - Area Planted and Harvested
(Domestic Units)

Crop Pocccccc ccc case sens tcccccc ne
1990 1991 1/
1,000 Acres

Rye : 1,625 1,686 373 434
Flaxseed : 260 305 253 292
Potatoes :

Winter : 13.5 13.2 13.2 11.7

Spring : 96.2 89.1 95.1 87.4

Fall : 1,175.0 1,194.3 1,154.5 1,177.8
Sunflower : 1,905 2,595 1,851 2,533
Sweetpotatoes : : . 8

1/ Estimates carried forwar

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-3 NASS, USDA


Minnesota farmers experienced the same early rainfall as Jowa growers, but
have had excellent conditions since, and are expecting to have record high
yields.

Sorghum for Grain: The first production forecast for 1991 is 565 million

bushels, down 1 percent from the 1990 production. Area
for grain is 9.74 million acres, unchanged from the mid-year estimates and up
7 percent from last year. Yields are expected to average 57.9 bushels per
acre based on conditions as of August 1. This is down 5.0 bushels per acre
from 1990. Substantial yield decreases in the Central and Northern Plains
States have more than offset expectations for better than 1990 averages in
Texas and from Mississippi through the Carolinas.

As of August 4, 56 percent of the crop was headed in the 12 major producing
States. This is ahead of the 5-year average. Two percent of Alabama's crop
was harvested, compared to the average 3 percent. Louisiana's harvest had
reached 8 percent and South Carolina's 9 percent. Average completion is

3 and 5 percent, respectively. Harvest was 54 percent complete in Texas, well
ahead of the average of 39 percent. Few disease or insect problems have
occurred in Texas. Afternoon showers have caused occasional harvest delays.

June and July rainfall has been well below normal for most areas of Kansas;
temperatures have topped 100 degrees several times. Nebraska's yield, if
realized, will be the lowest since 1975. Rainfall has been well below normal
in the major sorghum district throughout the season.

Oats: Production of oats is forecast at 260 million bushels, down 7 percent
from last month and 27 percent below the 1990 crop. The expected yield

per acre is forecast at 52.2 bushels, compared with last season's

60.1 bushels. Area harvested and to be harvested, at 4.97 million acres, is

down 16 percent from last year's 5.94 million acres.

Hot and humid weather during late June and early July reduced prospects from
last month in Minnesota, while dry conditions reduced expected yields in Iowa,
Illinois, and Indiana. The oat harvest is progressing at a normal rate in
North Dakota, but is well ahead of normal in South Dakota.

Barley: Total production is forecast at 470 million bushels, down 1 percent

from last month but 12 percent above the 1990 crop. The expected
yield per acre is forecast at 55.8 bushels, compared with last season's
55.9 bushels. Area harvested and to be harvested, at 8.43 million acres, is
12 percent above last year's 7.50 million acres.

Weather conditions reduced yield prospects from last month in Minnesota, North
Dakota, and South Dakota. Favorable growing conditions improved yields
slightly in Montana and Washington.

All Wheat: Production is forecast at 2.03 billion bushels, up slightly from

last month but 26 percent lower than 1990's level. Area for grain
is 58.1 million acres, off 16 percent from last year. The average yield is
35.0 bushels per acre, unchanged from last month and down 4.5 bushels per acre
from last season. As of August 4, the winter wheat harvest was nearing

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-5 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested Yield Production

oo--- Acres ---- --- Pounds ---- aiaieiered
CT : 1,820 1,780 1,652 1,682 2,793 3,007 2,994
FL : 6,900 6,900 2,760 2,400 17,755 19,044 16,560
GA : 43,000 41,000 2,415 2,100 87,200 103,845 86,100
IN : 6,400 7,200 2,100 1,900 13,237 13,440 13,680
KY : 194,150 223,300 2,278 2,148 366,551 442,253 479,740
MD =: 7,100 7,400 1,360 1,270 ; 9,656 9,398
MA : 470 490 §=1,713 1,722 746 805 844
MO =: 2,600 3,000 2,280 2,150 5,450 5,928 6,450
NC : 284,200 278,900 2,251 2,242 541,056 639,639 625,220
OH : 9,700 10,500 1,950 1,900 15,925 18,915 19,950
PA : 10,000 10,500 1,978 1,896 17,925 19,780 19,905
sc : 51,000 51,000 2,155 2,250 103,680 109,905 114,750
TN : 53,590 60,680 2,094 2,038 79,820 112,218 123,644
VA: 53,180 52,380 2,074 2,041 933814 110,269 106,886
Ww : 1,700 1,900 1,600 1,600 1,885 2,720 3,040
WI : 6,900 7,400 1,989 1,962 11,248 13,723 14,520
us : 732,710 764,330 2,218 2,150 1,367,188 1,625,147 1,643,681

Summer Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested Production

State

- 1,000 Acres - = --- Cwt ---  ------ 1,000 Cwt --------
AL 6.8 6.8 160 150 1,275 1,088 1,020
CA 5.3 5.0 330 325 2,196 1,749 1,625
co 6.9 7.4 295 300 2,144 2,036 2,220
DE 8.2 7.7 245 160 1,152 2,009 1,232
IL 1/ 3.1 4.4 270 250 858 837 1,100
IA 1/ 1.0 1.5 160 185 263 160 278
MD 1/ 1.8 1.7 180 160 315 324 272
MI 11.5 11.5 250 250 2,300 2,875 2,875
MN 6.1 7.3 300 300 1,890 1,830 2,190
MO 2/ 5.8 6.2 165 210 957 1,302
NE 1/ 2.7 2.4 260 260 598 702 624
Nd 4.4 4.0 230 190 888 1,012 760
NM 10.0 10.0 340 350 4,025 3,400 3,500
NC 1.4 1.4 100 90 126 140 126
TN 3/ 60
TX 10.0 10.0 195 240 2,625 1,950 2,400
VA 11.0 11.0 180 145 1,440 1,980 1,595
US : 96.0 98.3 240 235 22,155 23,049 23,119

1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.
2/ Estimates began in 1990. 3/ Estimates discontinued in 1990.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-26 NASS, USDA


Index Numbers of Crop Production
United States, 1982-91 (1977=100)

Production

Year: : : Hay: : : : :

: All 1/ : Feed : and : Food : Sugar : Cotton : Tobacco: Oi]

: : Grains : Forage : Grains : Crops : : Crops
1982: «117 122 109 138 96 85 104 121
1983: 87 67 100 116 93 54 75 91
1984 : 110 115 107 129 95 90 90 106
1985 : 116 133 106 121 95 93 79 117
1986 : 107 123 107 106 106 68 61 107
1987 : 106 106 101 107 111 103 62 108
1988: 91 73 88 98 105 107 72 89
1989: 106 108 100 107 105 85 71 107
1990 ; 113 112 101 136 108 108 85 107
1991 : 110 106 107 107 114 123 86 107

1/ Includes some miscellaneous crop production not included in separate groups
of crops shown.

This report was approved on August 12, 1991, by the Secretary of Agriculture
and the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural Statistics
Board.

Bom A Lab Kel A

Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board
Agriculture Chairperson
Bruce L. Gardner Rich Allen
Crop Production Agricultura] Statistics Board

August 1991 A-2 NASS, USDA


Reliability of August 1 Crop Production Forecasts

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted

between July 22 and August 3 to gather information on
expected yield as of August 1. The objective yield surveys for wheat, corn,
soybeans, rice, and cotton were conducted in the major producing States that
usually account for at least 80 percent of the U.S. production. Farm
operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and to
seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected fields (corn,
cotton, rice, and soybeans). The items counted within the selected plots
depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of
plants are recorded along with other measurements that provide information to
forecast the number of heads, ears, or bolls and their weight. The counts are
used with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological
yield. The five-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net
yield. The plots are re-visited each month until crop maturity when the fruit
is harvested and weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample
field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of
mail and personal interviewers. Approximately 30,000 producers, who had
reported the crops of interest in earlier surveys, were interviewed during the
survey period and asked questions about probable yield. In the case of spring
planted crops, acreage questions were asked to measure changes in planting
intentions since the mid-year survey.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower
reported survey estimates were reviewed for errors,
reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data
were also reviewed considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to
previous month and previous years, Each State Statistical Office submitted
their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics
Board (ASB). The ASB used the survey data and the State analysis to prepare
the published August 1 forecast.

Revision Policy: The August 1 production forecast will not be revised;

instead a new forecast will be made each month throughout
the growing season. At the end of the marketing year administrative records
and a balance sheet are utilized using carryover, stocks, production, exports,
processing, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if data
relationships warrant changes. f€stimates of planted acres for spring planted
crops are subject to revision August 1 if conditions altered the planting
intentions since the mid-year survey. Harvested acres may be revised any time
a production forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended
harvested area has changed since the last estimate.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the

August 1 production forecasts, the "Root Mean Square Error," a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation
between the August 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed
as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of squared percentage
deviations for the 1971-1990 20-year period is computed, then the square root
of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error."

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-17 NASS, USDA


CROP MOISTURE
(SHORT TERM, CROP NEED VS. AVAILABLE WATER IN 5-FT. SOIL PROFILE)

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NOAA/USDA JOTHT AGRICULTURAL WEATHER FACILITY soted on proieinary reports

Crop Moisture

Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting
agriculture. Responds rapidly, can change considerably week-to-week, and
indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season.

Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week status of dryness
or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations.

Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops
which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot
profile, or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging
below about 55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long
term (months, years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought
severity index.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-1 NASS, USDA


late plantings because of water shortage. Pod sets have been enhanced by cool
temperatures.

All Hay: Production is forecast at 157 million tons, an increase of 7 percent

from last year. The larger production is the result of both higher
yields and increased acreage. Area for harvest, totaling 63.1 million acres,
is up 3 percent from 1990. The forecast average yield of 2.48 tons per acre
compares with last year's average of 2.39 tons per acre.

Alfalfa and Alfalfa Mixtures: United States production is forecast at

86.2 million tons, 3 percent above last year.
The total area cut and to be cut, at 25.8 million acres, exceeds last years's
area harvest for alfalfa hay by 2 percent. Yield is expected to average
3.34 tons per acre, up 0.05 of a ton from the 1990 average yield.

All Other Hay: Production of all other hay is expected to total

70.6 million tons. This level is 11 percent more than a year
earlier. Area harvested is expected to total 37.3 million acres, 3 percent
above last year. Yield per acre is expected to average 1.89 tons, compared
with 1.75 tons per acre in 1990.

Tobacco: U.S. all tobacco production for 1991 is forecast at 1.64 billion
pounds, 1 percent above 1990. The higher production from a year ago

is the result of a 4 percent increase in acreage. An average yield of

2,150 pounds per acre is expected, compared with 2,218 pounds per acre last

year.

Flue-cured production is expected to total 905 million pounds, fractionally
above the forecast a month ago but 4 percent less than a year ago. Yield per
acre, at 2,223 pounds, is 30 pounds lighter than last year's average. Acres
for harvest are 2 percent below a year earlier.

North Carolina had the wettest July since 1931 in many tobacco counties;
however, a few northern counties are irrigating. The rains caused the crop to
ripen fast. South Carolina's harvest began about two weeks earlier than
normal and was in full swing by the first week of July. By month's end,
nearly half of the crop was harvested compared with the usual 30 percent.
Auction markets opened about two weeks earlier than normal. In Georgia, wet
weather continued during much of July, making tobacco harvest difficult and
reducing quality. Hot, humid weather advanced maturity. Harvest was

80 percent complete as of August 4, 17 points ahead of last year. This early
maturity created a need for additional barn space in a few areas. In
Virginia, after a near ideal planting season, producers experienced extremely
dry conditions through June and most of July. Rains at the end of July
brought relief. The crop remains about 1-2 weeks ahead of schedule with over
12 percent harvested by August 1.

Burley output is expected to total 649 million pounds in 1991, up 9 percent
from 1990. The larger production is the result of a 14 percent acreage
increase. Average yield is forecast at 2,097 pounds per acre, 107 pounds less
than last year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-10 NASS, USDA



Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, Hawaii, by Month, 1990-91

Area Fresh Production

--~ 1,000 Pounds ---
dun : 3,850 3,415 2,370 1,910 4,285 2,900

dul: 3,885 3,405 2,405 1,910 35145 3,150
Aug : 3,760 23175 6,160
Sep : 3,695 2,220 4,815
Oct : 3,655 2,405 5,170

Nov: 3,610 2,420 5,555

Hops: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1990-91

Area Harvested Yield Production
State : : Ind 3: : Ind : Ind
1990 : 1991 :; 1990 : 1991 1990 : 1991

1,000 Acres ~--- Pounds ---
CA 1/
ID 2.7 4.1 1,500 1,320 4,091 4,050 5,412
OR 7.1 7.2 1,530 1,450 11,859 10,863 10,426
WA 25.7 28.3 1,634 1,700 43,377 41,942 48,110
US 35.5 39.6 1,603 1,615 59,327 56,855 63,948

1/ Combined with WA to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

Olives: Production, California, 1989-91

State

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-29 NASS, USDA


All Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

: Area Harvested Production

: - 1,000 Acres - --- Bushels --
AL l/: 190 120 35.0 30.0 6,600 6,650 3,600
AZ l/: 98 73 (94.6 95.4 10,722 9,266 6,964
AR 1/ : 1,400 930 35.0 22.0 52,800 49,000 20,460
CA l/: 614 422, -78.0 81.5 52,605 47,906 34,400
co : 2,590 2,336 33.6 31.7 62,100 86,950 74,000
DE i/: 60 67 51.0 48.0 3,108 3,060 3,216
FL ol/: 55 25 33.0 20.0 1,885 1,815 500
GA l/: 590 450 35.0 33.0 22,400 20,650 14,850
ID : 1,370 1,160 72.7 70.4 91,420 99,600 81,660
IL : 1,900 1,400 48.0 31.0 105,020 91,200 43,400
IN : 970 750 52.0 40.0 51,920 50,440 30,000
IA 1l/: 75 50 45.0 34.0 3,290 3,375 1,700
KS : 11,800 10,800 40.0 33.0 213,600 472,000 356,400
kY : 500 430 40.0 27.0 22,500 20,000 11,610
LA l/: 390 220 33.0 20.0 10,850 12,870 4,400
MD o1/: 190 195 52.0 53.0 8,600 9,880 10,335
MI : 750 560 55.0 45.0 33,920 41,250 25,200
MN > 2,865 2,165 48.4 36.0 102,504 138,620 77,960
MS oL/: 520 250 30.0 18.0 15,300 15,600 4,500
MO : 2,000 1,550 38.0 34.0 86,950 76,000 52,700
MT : 5,185 4,579 28.1 35.0 145,030 145,865 160,249
NE : 2,250 2,100 38.0 32.0 55,350 85,500 67,200
NV 1/: 14 9 70.0 67.2 1,200 980 605
NJ 1/: 29 27 43.0 44.0 1,365 1,247 1,188
NM o1/: 325 320 25.0 22.0 4,000 8,125 7,040
NY ds: 145 110 49.0 48.0 5,850 7,105 5,280
NC : 550 500 41.0 40.0 21,420 22,550 20,000
ND : 10,910 9,930 35.3 33.7 242,320 385,220 334,510
OH : 1,350 1,100 59.0 49.0 62,730 79,650 53,900
OK : 6,300 5,000 32.0 27.0 153,900 201,600 135,000
OR : 968 846 59.5 51.9 53,835 57,616 43,900
PA l/: 210 175 50.0 46.0 7,955 10,500 8,050
sc l/: 380 280 38.0 33.0 17,835 14,440 9,240
sD : 3,789 3,136 33.8 32.7 83,080 128,004 102,588
TM l/: 490 330 36.0 24.0 18,900 17,640 7,920
1X : 4,200 2,800 31.0 30.0 60,000 130,200 84,000
UT o1/: 176 158 40.7 43.9 5,950 7,170 6,932
VA I/: 260 245 47.0 49.0 12,650 12,220 12,005
WA : 2,480 2,200 60.5 46.4 110,610 150,080 102,150
Wo o1/: 12 11 46.0 43.0 516 552 473
WIEool/: 192 127 52.5 52.0 9,320 10,085 6,598
WY o1/: 211 201 29.0 31.3 4,708 6,113 6,297
US : 69,353 58,137 39.5 35.0 036,618 2,738,594 2,032,980

1/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-13 NASS, USDA


Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the
current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that
factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those
influencing recent years.

For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the August 1 corn for grain
production forecast is 7.9 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of
3 that the current production forecast of 7.42 billion bushels will not be
above or below the final estimate by more than 7.9 percent or approximately
586 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level)
that the difference will not exceed 13.7 percent or approximately

1,016 million bushels.

Also shown in the following table is a 10-year record for selected crops of
the differences between the August 1 forecast and the final estimates. Using
corn again as an example, changes between the August 1 forecast and the final
estimate during the past 10 years have averaged 305 million bushels, ranging
from 16 million to 1,063 million bushels. The August 1 forecast has been
below the final estimate 5 times and above 5 times. This does not imply that
the August 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate
final production. For most crops, the number of years the forecasts have been
below or above the final estimate is about equally distributed.

Reliability Of August 1 Crop Production Forecasts

10-Year Record Of
:: Differences Between Forecast
and Final Estimate
Crop and : 2 Levelt feennnnn nnn anne nae nnnnnnnnn----

Unit Quantity la. OF Years
Si :Below:Above
: Avg:Small: :Larg :Final:Final

25 i: 9 1 30

Feed Grains 1/ MT:

6.7 11.6 6 4
Corn For Grain BU: 7.9 13.7 1,016 : + 305 16 1,063 5 5
Sorghum For Grain BU: 6.3 10.9 62 :: 43 6 78 7 3
Oats BU: 5.8 10.1 26 :: 16 1 58 3 7
Barley BU: 5.3 9.5 45 :: 15 2 46 5 5
AV) Wheat BU: 1.7 2.9 39s: 30 4 74 4 6
Winter BU: 1.1 1.9 26 :: 16 2 32 4 6
Durum BU: 7.5 13.0 15 :: 67 2 15 5 5
Oth Spring BU: 6.2 10.8 59 :: 26 3 58 6 4
Rice CWT: 4.1 7.1 ll: 5 2 11 7 3
Soybeans for : rt
Beans BU: 5.9 10.2 191 :: 93 19 207 4 6
Cotton Bales 2/: 7.4 12.8 2,259 675 39 1,853 7 3
Dry Edible :
Beans CWT: = =7.2 12.4 0 3.1 2 8

1/ Corn for grain, sorghum for grain, oats, and barley.
2/ Quantity is in thousands of bales.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-18 NASS, USDA


Report Features

The September “Crop Production" report will not contain the Citrus Fruit table
as in past years. The information in this table will be included in the
"Citrus Fruits" report to be released on September 25, 1991. The initial
California Naval orange forecast will be released with the other citrus
commodities on October 10, 1991.

The first forecast of the 1991 U.S. hazelnut crop will be published in the
"Hazelnut Production" report to be released on August 27, 1991. The report
release date has been delayed from the published tentative release date of
August 23, 1991 because of the lateness of the crop.

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National
Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.

John D. Witzig, Chief (202) 447-2127

Field Crops Section

Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 447-3843
Kirby Cavett, Minor Oilseeds (202) 447-3180
Marty Owens, Rice, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 447-2157
Vaughn Siegenthaler, Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202) 447-8068
Charles Van Lahr, Barley, Corn, Oats, Pasture Condition (202) 447-7369
Herb Vanderberry, Soybeans (202) 447-9526

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Steve Ropel, Head (202) 447-3843
Jim Brewster, Fruits, Fresh Vegetables (202) 447-7688
Arvin Budge, Potatoes, Dry Beans, Processing Vegetables (202) 447-4285
Kevin Hintzman, Fruits, Citrus, Nuts (202) 447-5412
Roger Latham, Cotton, Peanuts (202) 447-5944
Darwin Ransom, Sugar, Tobacco, Hay (202) 447-7621

Subscription Information

To subscribe to NASS reports or to order single copies, call toll free,
1-800-999-6779 (weekdays 8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m. ET). You may write: ERS/NASS,
P.O. Box 1608, Rockville, MD. 20849-1608.

The next “Crop Production" report will be released on September 12, 1991 at
3:00 p.m. ET.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 B-20 NASS, USDA


Peanuts for Nuts: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

-~ Pounds ----

1,510 2,500 537,750 386,560 720,000
23480 2,700 214,890 233,120 248,400
1,750 2,800 1,849,500 1,347,500 2,422,000
2,500 2,500 43,680 50,000 62,500
2,900 3,000 370,120 475,600 492,000
2,220 2,280 210,700 235,320 250,800
2,230 2,600 32,500 30,105 35,100
1,850 1,900 484,700 534,650 589,000
3,195 2,900 246,155 309,915 278,400

1,991 2,596 3,989,995 3,602,770 5,098,200

1/ Estimates comprised of quota and non-quota peanuts.

Rice: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production,
by State and U.S., 1989-91

Area Harvested Yield Production

1990 :Ind 1991: 1989

‘ounds -

AR  : 1,200.0 1,340.

0 5,000 5,300 63,840 60,000 71,020
CA: 385.0 315.0 7,600 7,600 32,390 29,260 23,940
LA: 545.0 515.0 4,860 43800 21,488 26,469 243720
MS: 250.0 245.0 5,700 5,600 13,395 14,250 13,720
MO: 80.0 98.0 4,700 4,900 4,108 3,760 4,802
1X 353.0 318.0 6,000 5,900 19,266 21,180 18,762
US  : 2,813.0 2,831.0 5,507 5,544 154,487 154,919 156,964

United States, 1989-91

Year : Long Grain : Medium Grain : Short Grain All
NT “yoocwt CS
1989 : 109,161 41,441 3,885 154,487
1990 : 108,220 44,920 1,779 154,919
1991 If : 111,897 44,273 794 156,964

1/ Indicated August 1, 1991, rice class forecasts are based on a five year
average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data
become available through the growing season.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
August 1991 A-16 NASS, USDA