Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type,
State, and United States, 1994-95

: Production in : Lint- : Bales Ginned in
Type : 480-1b Net Weight 2 seed : 480-lb Net Weight
and : Bales 1/ Ratio 2/ Bales 3/
State
1995 4/
--- 1,000 Bales ---
Upland
AL 726.0 492.0 708,500 476,000
AZ 782.0 793.0 764,400 780,050
AR 1,772.0 1,468.0 1,799,200 1,471,450
CA 2,717.0 2,312.0 2,735,500 2,325,950
FL 5/ 104.1 107.2
GA 1,537.0 1,941.0 1,551,950 1,961,800
KS 5/6/ 1.2 1.0
1,512.0 1,375.0 1,534,100 1,394,700
MS 2,132.0 1,841.0 2,132,700 1,846,000
MO 615.0 513.0 564,600 484,150
NM 75.0 71.0 55,100 55,850
NC 829.0 798.0 831,100 810,950
OK 247.0 123.0 239,050 120,450
sc 393.0 376.0 381,600 356,400
TN 885.0 724.0 878,900 724,000
TX 4,915.0 4,460.0 4,938,800 4,472,950
VA 5/ 2.0 137.0 130,750
us 19,324.3 17,532.2 19,313,750 17,522,550
Amer-Pima
AZ 80.4 72.2 80,700 72,650
CA 184.8 224.5 184,550 224,100
NM 19.5 18.9 14,500 14,150
TX 53.0 52.0 57,850 56,550
US 337.7 367.6 337,600 367,450
All H
AL : 726.0 492.0 708,500 476,000
4 865.2 0.385 0.386 845,100 852,700
a) 1,468.0 0.374 0.373 1,799,200 1,471,450
8 2,536.5 0.396 0.395 2,920,050 2,550,050
wl 107.2
.0 1,941.0 1,551,950 1,961,800
2 1.0
0 1,375.0 0.395 0.397 1,534,100 1,394,700
-0 1,841.0 0.376 0.376 2,132,700 1,846,000
-0 513.0 564,600 484,150
5 89.9 69,600 70,000
20 798.0 831,100 810,950
-0 123.0 239,050 120,450
+0 376.0 381,600 356,400
0 724.0 878,900 724,000
.0 4,512.0 0.366 0.366 4,996,650 4,529,500
0 137.0 130,750
ie) 8 19,651,350 17,890,000

1/ Production ginned and to be ginned. Minor amounts of American-Pima
included in Upland cotton.

2/ Estimates available only for the six states shown. Three-year average.

3/ Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State
movement .

4/ 1995 revised. . .
5/ Bales withheld to avoid disclosure of individual gins, but are included in

U.S. totals.
6/ No gins operated in 1994 crop year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-20 NASS, USDA


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Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-15 NASS, USDA


Reliability of May 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted
between April 24 and May 3 to gather information on expected
yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three States
(Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to
make meaningful counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously
reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in
selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended
upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks,
heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the number
of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is
used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed,
and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot
can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average
harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited
each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 14,000 winter wheat
producers representing all major production areas. These producers were
selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter
wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be
surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields
as the season progresses.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower
reported data were reviewed for reasonableness and
consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed
considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and
previous years. Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the
current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the
survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a

new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing
season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the
marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks,
production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then
made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant
changes.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 winter
wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by
expressing the deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the final
estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared
percentage deviations for the 1976-1995 20-year period; the square root of the
average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability
statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast
relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting
this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is
5.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production
forecast of 1.36 billion bushels will not be above or below the final estimate
by more than 5.7 percent or approximately 77.7 million bushels. Chances are

9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-11 NASS, USDA



Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class,
Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/

Area Harvested Production

-- 1,000 Pounds --

Class 1, Flue-cured
Type 11, Old Belts

NC : 66,000 68,000 2,430 1,920 160,380 130,560
VA : 34,000 34,000 2,420 1,935 82,280 65,790
US : 100,000 102,000 2,427 1,925 242,660 196,350
Type 12, Eastern NC
Belt :
NC : 139,000 151,000 2,525 1,860 350,975 280,860
Type 13, NC Border & :
Sc Belt :
NC : 30,000 34,000 2,365 1,845 70,950 62,730
sc : 47,000 50,000 2,300 2,100 108,100 105,000
Us : 77,000 84,000 2,325 1,997 179,050 167,730
Type 14, GA-FL Belt
PL : 6,500 7,200 2,550 2,455 16,575 17,676
GA : 37,000 42,000 2,180 2,000 80,660 84,000
US > 43,500 49,200 2,235 2,067 97,235 101,676
Total 11-14 : 359,500 386,200 2,420 1,933 869,920 746,616

Class 2, Fire-cured
Type 21, VA Belt

VA : 1,350 1,100 1,780 1,400 2,403 1,540
Type 22, Eastern :
District :
KY 3 4,100 3,900 2,660 2,370 10,906 9,243
TN 3 8,100 7,600 2,570 2,285 20,817 17,366
US 2 12,200 11,500 2,600 2,324 31,723 26,609
Type 23, Western :
District 5
KY 3 3,900 3,700 3,190 2,600 12,441 9,620
TN : 630 580 2,800 2,450 1,764 1,422
US 2 4,530 4,280 3,136 2,580 14,205 11,041
Total 21-23 : 18,080 16,880 2,673 2,322 48,331 39,190

Class 3, Air~cured
Class 3A, Light
Air-cured
Type 31, Burley :
IN : 7,100 6,700 2,150 2,030 15,265 13,602

KY : 175,000 155,000 2,400 1,950 420,000 302,250
MO > 3,500 2,700 2,290 2,025 8,015 5,468
NC 2 8,200 8,100 2,140 1,290 17,548 10,449
OH : 8,500 7,700 2,160 1,950 18,360 15,015
TN : 51,000 43,000 2,125 1,700 108,375 73,100
VA > 11,000 3,000 1,935 1,540 21,285 13,860
wv 2 2,000 2,000 1,775 1,300 3,550 2,600
US + 266,300 234,200 2,300 1,863 612,398 436,343
Type 32, Southern MD :
Belt 2/ 3
MD : 8,500 8,500 1,500 1,350 12,750 14,475
PA : 3,600 3,400 1,950 1,900 7,020 6,460
US : 12,100 11,900 1,634 1,507 19,770 17,935
Total 31-32 278,400 246,100 2,271 1,846 632,168 454,278
See footnotes at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-14 NASS, USDA


Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted cotton objective yield
surveys in 6 States which accounted for 70 percent of the 1995 U.S. Upland
cotton production. Plots were randomly selected from a scientific sample of
cotton fields. Two sample plots per field were visited monthly from about
August 1 through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. The "large
bolls" are total bolls counted from August through harvest. This count includes
only bolls greater than one inch in diameter and burrs.

Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss
by State, 1986-1995

Arizona Arkansas
Year 3 Harvest 2 : Harvest
Large Bolls : Loss : Large Bolls : Loss
l/ : Per Acre : 1/ H Per Acre
Number Pounds Number Pounds
1986 1,249 120 587 126
1987 1,293 179 603 77
1988 1,176 108 717 63
1989 : 1,232 102 578 57
1990 1,162 135 669 74
1991 1,083 91 782 89
1992 1,013 107 817 73
1993 1,082 110 753 105
1994 98 812 83
1995 100 66
California

1986 807 113 705
1987 821 128 719
1988 797 137 710
1989 802 125 708
1990 843 431 888
1991 814 110 770
1992 3 819 116 875
1993 839 122 661
1994 806 133 748
1995 680 405 61s

1/ Total large bolls in 40 feet of row. cont inued

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-24 NASS, USDA




Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996
(Metric Units)

: Hectares
Winter Wheat : 19,718,920 21,046,310 16,589,460 15,356,370
All Cotton 1/ : 6,851,970 6,170,110 6,477,750
Upland 1/ : 6,765,120 6,062,860 6,392,320
Amer-Pima 1/ : 86,850 107,240 85,430
Potatoes :
Winter : 5,380 5,500 4,820 5,460
Spring : 35,730 37,190 34,120 36,100
Total 2 565,390 554,950
All Tobacco 1/ : 268,350 291,300
Bananas 1/ 7 380

Papayas 1/ : 990

Taro 1/ : 220

1/ 1995 revised. Cotton planted and tobacco harvested for 1996 were released
in the "Prospective Plantings" report on March 29, 1996.

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States,
1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996
(Metric Units)

:Yield per Hectare Production
Crop etree eee ata teheieteheieteaeieieeneneinial
Apr l, May 1,
1995 1996 1995 1996 1996
2 Metric Tons
Winter Wheat : 2.54 2.42 42,110,900 37,117,940
All Cotton 1/ : 0.60 3,897,230
Upland 1/ : 0.60 3,817,190
Amer~Pima 1/ 2 0.94 80,040
cottonseed 1/ : 6,213,040
Potatoes :
Winter 2/ : 23.27 24.15 112,170 131,860 131,860
Spring : 26.84 26.63 915,940 956,400 961,480
Total 7 36.16 20,066,930
All Tobacco 1/ > 2.14 575,380
Bananas 1/ : 15.53 5,900
Papayas 1/ + 23.27 23,040
Taro 1/ : 14.00 3,080
Almonds (CA) 167,830 235,870

1/ 1995 revised. Cotton and all tobacco yield and production for 1996 will
be released in the "Crop Production" report on August 12, 1996.
2/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-5 NASS, USDA


Tobacco, 1995 Final : U.S. tobacco production totaled 1.27 billion pounds in
1995, down 20 percent from 1994. Yield per acre
averaged 1,913 pounds, compared to 2,359 pounds in 1994. Tobacco producers
harvested 663,110 acres, down 1 percent from the previous year. All tobacco
types except cigar types showed a decrease in yields from 1994, Flue-cured,
binder, and wrapper tobacco showed increases in harvested acres from 1994.

Flue-cured production totaled 747 million pounds in 1995, down 14 percent from
the 1994 production. Growers harvested 386,200 acres, up 7 percent from the
previous year. Flue-cured tobacco represents 58 percent of the 1995's all
tobacco acreage. Yield per acre averaged 1,933 pounds, 487 pounds below the
1994 average yield. A cold, wet spring across the flue-cured tobacco belt
delayed tobacco seeding and resulted in uneven plant development. Hot, humid
summer weather increased disease problems that resulted in lower yields. Heavy
rains in the early fall caused some tobacco plants to drop leaves prematurely
and disrupted harvest activity.

Burley production totaled 436 million pounds in 1995, 29 percent below the
previous year. The drop in production from last year reflects the decrease in
harvested acres and lower yields. A summer heat wave depleted soil moisture
supplies and lowered tobacco condition. The hot weather extended into the fall
and caused an early harvest and dried down housed tobacco faster than desired.
Growers harvested 234,200 acres, 12 percent below the previous year. Average
yield for burley tobacco was 1,863 pounds, 437 pounds below the previous year.
Kentucky, with 69 percent of the 1995 burley production, was 28 percent below
1994. Burley yield for Kentucky, at 1,950 pounds, was 450 pounds below the
previous year.

Dark fire-cured production, at 39.2 million pounds, was down 19 percent from
1994. The average yield of 2,322 pounds was 351 pounds below previous year.
Harvested acres, at 16,880, were down 7 percent.

Production of dark air-cured tobacco was down 27 percent from the 1994
production. Harvested acres, at 4,180, were 11 percent below the previous year.
The average yield per acre of 2,050 pounds was 50 pounds below 1994.

All cigar type production of 19.8 million pounds was 4 percent below the
previous year. Compared with last year, filler production was 19 smaller.
Binder production was up 13 percent and production of wrapper was up 19 percent
from the previous year.

Cotton, 1995 Final: All cotton production in the United States totaled

17.9 million bales in 1995, 9 percent below the 1994 record
high. Output in 1995 was the fourth largest on record. Upland cotton, at
17.5 million bales, decreased 9 percent from the previous year, while American-
Pima production increased 9 percent to total 367,600 bales.

The area planted to cotton totaled 16.9 million acres, up 23 percent from 1994,
the largest since 1956. Harvested area, at 16.0 million acres, jumped

20 percent from the previous year and was at its largest since 1955.
Abandonment of 5 percent compared with 3 percent in 1994. Yields for the U.S.
averaged 537 pounds, down from the record high 708 pounds per acre in 1994.

Delta States output decreased 14 percent from 1994 to 5.92 million bales.
Production fell due to drought, extreme high temperatures, and insects.
Plantings were delayed early in the season because of excess rain. In June, the
pace of planting equaled the average. Boll counts and weights were among the
lowest of the past 10 years resulting in a low yielding crop. Yields averaged
602 pounds, down 216 pounds from one year earlier.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-9 NASS, USDA


Cotton: Price and Value of Production by Type,
State, and United States, 1994-95

Price per Pound

Value of Production

1,000 Dollars

-727 240, 800 171, 688
762 265,004 290,048

733 575, 829 516,501

835 1,047,240 926,650

-800 36,077 41,165

-762 540,778 709,940

+725 426 348

727 497,146 479,820

-738 733,749 652,156

+701 195,127 172,614

808 26,028 27,537

+783 289,288 299,920

734 80,621 43,335

797 136,387 143,843

-751 295,661 260, 988

745 1,642,003 1,594,896

730 28,418 48,005

720 -759 6, 630, 582 6,379,454

1.030 1.310 39,750 45,399

1.020 1.270 90,478 136,855

1.030 1.300 9,641 11,794

1.030 1.250 26,203 31,200

1.025 1.277 166, 072 225,248

-691 +727 240,800 171, 688

812 -808 304,754 335,447

-677 733 575,829 516,501

-817 874 1,137,718 1,063,505

722 800 36,077 41,165

+733 762 540,778 709,940

+740 +725 426 348

685 -727 497,146 479,820

-717 +738 733,749 652,156

MO : -661 +701 195,127 172,614
NM 3 = 786 -911 35, 669 39,331
NC : +727 783 289,288 299,920
OK : -680 734 80, 621 43,335
sc +723 =797 136, 387 143,843
1N 696 -751 295,661 260,988
TX : +700 752 1,668,206 1,626,096
730 28,418 48,005

769 6,796, 654 6,604,702

1/ Average to April 1, 1996.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-21 NASS, USDA


CROP MOISTURE |
(SHORT TERM, CROP NEED VS. AVAILABLE WATER IN 5-FT. SOIL PROFILE)
April 27, 1998
UPDATED WEEKLY
7 y anonnen
gy \ Nort
SLIGHTLY] th
Dae 1 moist,
Mc x .
FAVORABLY
MOIS:
‘~ ‘a
N =
suaene | N. FAVORABI
- . RS} eon. MOIST
5
~ RLY
2} (
suo
YN
ABNORMALLY*
DRY N
\ se
o.
NOAMUSDA JOINT AGRICULTURAL WEATHER FACILITY pased on prtencary repos

Crop Moisture

Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting
Agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and
indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season.

Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness
or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations.

Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops
which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile,
or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about

55 degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months,
years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index.

Agricultural Statistics Board

Crop Production
B-1 NASS, USDA

May 1996


Cottonseed: Marketing Year Average Price, Value of Production, and Value
of Sales to Oil Mills, by State and United States, 1994-95 1/
Price per : Value of Value of Sales
Ton : Production A to Oil Mills

- Dollars --- - - 1,000 Dollars

AL : 84.00 90.00 22,764 14,580 9,660 5,490
AZ : 129.00 131.00 41,796 43,754 22,446 21,222
AR : 94.00 106.00 66,928 61,480 58,092 53,424
cA : 143.00 132.00 152,009 124,080 51,480 44,616
FL 2/ : 80.00 2,640 1,280

GA : 68.00 83.50 35,088 56,279 8,432 19,289
KS 2/ : 91.00 46 46

LA : 92.00 108.00 50,508 53,892 34,868 41,040
MS : 93.00 103.00 78,306 74,881 73,935 69,216
MO : 91.00 96.50 21,658 21,327 15,379 17,370
NM : 118.00 136.00 4,295 4,542 1,617 422
NC : 89.00 78.00 26,255 21,996 6,052 1,794
OK : 91.00 114.00 9,191 6,384 8,008 5,472
sc > 78.50 "75.50 10,519 9,966 5,809 7,324
TN : 90.00 100.00 31,320 29,200 25,470 26,300
TX : 102.00 110.00 215,322 201,080 176,970 160,710
VA : 89.00 78.00 2,670 3,900

us 101.00 107.00 771,315 731,183 499,544 475,289

1/ 1994 crop revised. 1995 crop preliminary.
2/ Florida and Kansas prices and values not published to avoid disclosure of
individual operations in Kansas.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-23 NASS, USDA


Production of 3.61 million bales in the Southeast was up 4 percent from 1994 as
the result of a 58 percent increase in harvested acreage. Yields averaged

539 pounds, 282 pounds less than the previous year. Hot, dry conditions caused
poor crop development while excessive rains during the fall in the Carolina‘s
delayed harvest and caused high boll losses.

Western States Upland production totaled 3.18 million bales, an 11 percent
decrease from 1994. Although harvested acreage increased 9 percent from a year
earlier. Early season rains and cool temperatures in both Arizona and
California delayed planting which resulted in lower yields. Boll numbers and
weights were much less than anticipated earlier in the season.

The Texas-Oklahoma Upland production, at 4.58 million bales, decreased

11 percent from the previous year. Plantings were delayed because of dry
weather. Then in early June, heavy rains and hail caused a need to replant. A
cool September, with the highest rainfall in 60 years in the West Texas growing
region, lowered yields from earlier expectations. Texas producers harvested

90 percent of the planted acreage, compared with 94 percent in 1994 and

91 percent in 1993. Yields for these two States decreased 88 pounds from

one year earlier, to 363 pounds.

Ginnings totaled 17,890,000 equivalent 480-pound net weight bales during the
1995 season. This compares with 19,651,350 equivalent 480-pound bales ginned in

1994.

The preliminary 1995 marketing year average price received by farmers for lint
is 76.9 cents per pound, up 4.9 cents from 1994. The value of lint for the 1995
crop totaled $6.60 billion, down 3 percent from a year earlier.

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 1995 totaled 6.85 million tons, down

10 percent from 1994. The preliminary 1995 marketing year price
received is $107.00 per ton compared with $101.00 in 1994. Value of cottonseed
for the 1995 crop totaled $731 million, down 5 percent from the previous year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-10 NASS, USDA


Tobacco:

2/

2/

Area Harvested

166,200
8,500
500
2,700
261,100
7,700
7,900
50,000
51,690
44,170
2,000
2,760

663,110

Pound

1,621
2,550
2,180
2,150
2,426
1,500
1,616
2,290
2,467
2,160
2,040
2,300
2,192
2,285
1,775
2,058

Pounds

Area Harvested, Yield, Production,
by State and United States,

Production

1,771
2,455
2,000
2,030
1,977
1,350
1,784
2,025
1,856
1,950
1,985
2,100
1,737
1,840
1,300
2,247

1,913

2,682
16,575
80,660
15,265
453,687
12,750
792
8,015
599,853
18,360
18,360
108,100
132,289
106,092
3,550

5,866

582,896

- 1,000 Pounds -

Value of

Price, and Value
1994-95 1/

3,524
17,676
84,000
13,601
328,581
11,475
892
5,468
484,599
15,015
15,685
105,000
92,907
81,269
2,600

6,202

1,268,494

Production

1995 revised.
CT and MA Shade type 61 not published to avoid disclosure; value not
included in All Cigar types or U.S. total.

Crop Production
May 1996

PREEPRPPRRE RRR BPE EW

1,

2,

4,294
27,349
133,412
28,271
840,924
20,846
1,240
14,667
025,125
33,672
19,764
182,689
248,415
183,421
6,461
8,506

779,056

7,623
31,127
147,756
25,298
615,213
19,163
1,867
10,028
871,374
27,943
22,420
186,795
177,667
147,051
4,823
8,993

2,305,141

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,
1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 1/

Utilized Production
Ton Equivalent

Utilized Production

Crop and State

1995-96

1993-94 1994-95

1,000 Boxes 2/ -

Oranges
Early Mid &
Navel 3/
AZ 4/ 700 400 700 26 15 26
CA 4/ 36,600 35,000 40,000 1,372 1,313 1,500
FL 107,300 119,700 121,200 4,829 5,387 5,454
Tx 480 950 830 21 40 35
us 145,080 156,050 162,730 6,248 6,755 7,015
Valencia z
AZ 4/ : 1,200 650 900 45 24 34
CA 4/ : 27,000 26,000 28,000 1,013 976 1,050
FL 67,100 85,700 80,000 3,020 3,857 3,600
TX : 70 105 110 3 4 5
us : 95,370 112,455 109,010 4,081 4,861 4,689
All
AZ 4/ 1,900 1,050 1,600 71 39 60
CA 4/ 63,600 61,000 68,000 2,385 2,289 2,550
FL 174,400 205,400 201,200 7,849 9,244 9,054
TX 550 1,055 940 24 44 40
US : 240,450 268,505 271,740 10,329 11,616 11,704
Temples 3
FL 2 2,250 2,550 2,150 101 114 97
Grapefruit 2
White Seedless :
FL : 24,500 25,700 22,800 1,042 1,092 969
Colored Seedless :
FL > 25,500 28,700 27,700 1,084 1,220 1,177
Other :
FL 3 1,050 1,300 1,050 45 55 45
All +
AZ 4/ 3 1,750 1,400 1,200 59 47 40
CA 4/ 5/ 3
Desert 3 3,400 3,300 114 dia
Other Areas : 5,900 6,000 197 201
Total : 9,300 9,300 9,000 311 312 302
FL : 51,050 55,700 51,550 2,171 2,367 2,191
TX : 3,000 4,650 4,600 120 186 184
us : 65,100 71,050 66,350 2,661 2,912 2,717
Tangerines :
AZ 4/ 3 1,000 650 950 37 25 36
CA 4/ : 2,300 2,200 2,500 86 82 94
FL : 4,100 3,550 4,500 195 168 214
US : 7,400 6,400 7,950 318 275 344
Lemons 4/ :
AZ 3 5,200 3,600 5,000 197 137 190
cA : 20,700 20,500 21,000 787 779 798
us : 25,900 24,100 26,000 984 916 988
Tangelos :
FL : 3,350 3,150 2,450 150 142 110
K-Early Citrus :
FL 210 120 160 9 5 7
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-10 NASS, USDA


County producing area in 1992. Bearing acreage, at 5,800 acres, was up 2 percent
from the 1994-95 level. The value of Florida avocados for the 1995-96 season
totaled $11.3 million, down 8 percent from last season.

The 1995-96 Hawaii avocado crop totaled 250 tons, unchanged from the 1994-95
production and the same level as in the 1993-94 season. Bearing acres, at

210 acres, were down 5 percent from the 1994-95 season while yields improved

4 percent to average 1.19 tons per acre. Despite dry conditions and a reduction
in harvested acres, above-average yields contributed to unchanged production
from last season.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.70 million pounds for
April. This was 9 percent lower than March and 12 percent lower than
April, 1995.

April weather conditions were a mix of light showers and warm temperatures.
Record high temperatures were prevalent for much of the month. Papaya ringspot
virus continued to be a problem. Orchard conditions in the major papaya
producing area ranged from poor to good depending on the severity of papaya
ringspot virus infestation. Roguing efforts to contain the disease continued.

Area devoted to papaya production totaled 3,610 acres, 1 percent lower than
March and 3 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling

2,320 acres, was 2 percent higher than last month but 8 percent lower than last
April.

Grapefruit: The May 1 forecast of the 1995-96 U.S. grapefruit crop is

2.72 million tons, up 1 percent from last month but down 7 percent
from last season. The Florida crop was 51.6 million boxes (2.19 million tons),
1 percent above last month but 7 percent below last season. White seedless
grapefruit totaled 22.8 million boxes (969,000 tons), 4 percent more than April
but 11 percent less than 1994-95. The colored seedless amount is 27.7 million
boxes (1.18 million tons), a decrease of 1 percent from last month and 3 percent
below a year ago. The seedy grapefruit crop is expected to be 1.05 million
boxes (45,000 tons), 5 percent more than last month but 19 percent below last
year. Movement of Florida's seedless grapefruit was over 48 million boxes.

The Texas grapefruit forecast, at 4.60 million boxes (184,000 tons), is
unchanged from last month but down 1 percent from a year ago. California’s and
Arizona's grapefruit forecasts were carried forward from last month at

9.00 million boxes (302,000 tons) and 1.20 million boxes (40,000 tons),
respectively.

Tangerines: The 1995-96 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large

344,000 tons, unchanged from last month but 25 percent above last
season. The Florida forecast is 4.50 million boxes (214,000 tons), unchanged
from April but 27 percent more than 1994-95. Honey tangerine harvest is
complete for the year. The California and Arizona forecasts were carried
forward from April at 2.50 million boxes (94,000 tons) and 950,000 boxes
(36,000 tons), respectively.

fangelos: The 1995-96 Florida tangelo crop is forecast at 2.45 million boxes
(110,000 tons), unchanged from last month but down 22 percent from
last year’s production. Harvest is finished for the season.

Temples: The May 1 forecast for the 1995-96 Florida temple production was
2.15 million boxes (97,000 tons), down 2 percent from last month and

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-7 NASS, USDA



Only an early-month storm broke an otherwise dry pattern across Texas. In
Midiand, a 1.22-inch rainfall] on April 4-5 accounted for 90 percent of their
year-to-date total, while a 9.3-inch snowfall in Abilene was their greatest
24-hour total on record. Farther north, however, precipitation totaled only
0.11 inches in Lubbock and a trace in Amarillo. Toward month's end, rain
developed over eastern Kansas. In Wichita, 1.33 inches--more than 90% of the
month's total~-fell on April 27-28. Rain overspread@ Florida's Peninsula on
April 30, accounting for more than three-fourths of the monthly totals in
Melbourne (0.95 inches) and Orlando (0.68 inches).

Warm, dry weather covered Hawaii and most of Alaska. In Hawaii, Honolulu set or
tied 21 daily-record highs and 4 April-record highs. Monthly temperatures
averaged up to 5°F above normal in southwestern Alaska. Heavy precipitation was
confined to the extreme south, where Kodiak received 9.74 inches (232% of
normal), their second-wettest April.

Plains Drought Update: In Texas' Northern Panhandle, Amarillo's 21i-day
(October 3, 1995 - April 30, 1996) precipitation was

the lowest on record (1.22 inches; 21% of normal), breaking the record of

2.52 inches, set between September 1954 and April 1955. In addition, Amariilo

received only a trace of rain during April, tying the mark set in 1929 and 1964.

As of early May, severe drought extended as far northeast as Wichita, KS, where
7-month precipitation (through April 30) was 4.54 inches, or 42% of normal. The
only other drier October-April period in Wichita was in 1966-67, when

3.23 inches fell. A distinguishing feature of the drought of 1995-96 has been
high winds. In Wichita, winds during April averaged 15.4 mph--their windiest
April since 1974--and peaked at or above 40 mph on 9 different days.

Drought developed in parts of southern Texas during the summer of 1994,
persisted to some degree into 1995, and has begun to intensify again in recent
months. (Much larger 2-year rainfall deficits have been observed across the
northern third of Mexico.) Seven-month rainfall in San Antonio was 3.57 inches,
ahead of only a 3.27-inch total in 1886-87. As a result of long-term drought,
some reservoirs across southern Texas have dropped to record-low levels.

The International Amistad Reservoir, along the Rio Grande near Del Rio, has been
setting record lows for many months now. The water line stands 43.49 feet below
the conservation level, and holdings are at 36% of the conservation-pool
capacity. South of San Antonio, the Choke Canyon Lake (on the Frio River) has
fallen nearly 6 feet below the former record-low level set on July 15, 1990, and
is 24.15 feet below the conservation-pool level (33% of capacity). Downstream
from Choke Canyon, Lake Corpus Christi remains nearly 18 feet above the record-
low elevation set on May 5, 1951, but has dropped 8.42 feet below the
conservation-pool level (42% of capacity).

General Crop Comments: The month began with continued dry conditions in the
southern Great Plains wheat region. Rain and snow
fell across central Texas, but missed the Texas High Plains, where below-
freezing temperatures lowered wheat condition. Cool weather and dry soil
conditions left wheat progress in Kansas behind normal. Wheat broke dormancy
across the middle Mississippi and Ohio Valleys and revealed previous freeze
damage. Cool, wet weather over the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys limited field
activity. In the Great Lakes region and the Northern States, planting of spring
grains was delayed as producers waited for snowmelt and higher soil
temperatures. In early April, farmers in the Southeast were unable to enter wet
fields, leaving crop development and planting progress behind schedule. In the
Corn Belt, winter wheat condition declined as a result of temperature
fluctuations. The month began with corn and cotton progress 1 percentage point
behind normal due to cool, wet spring weather and low soil temperatures.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-4 NASS, USDA


Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State
and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996

1,000 Acres --- Bushels --- 1,000 Bushels --- --~
AL 3 80 80 36.0 39.0 4,560 2,880 3,120
AZ : 23 18 80.0 95.0 2,632 1,840 1,710
AR : 1,000 1,200 47.0 47.0 40,480 47,000 56,400
CA : 425 600 61.0 80.0 38,760 25,925 48,000
co : 2,700 2,300 38.0 31.0 76,500 102,600 71,300
DE : 68 78 64.0 65.0 3,780 4,352 5,070
PL : 12 10 32.0 35.0 630 384 350
GA : 300 350 38.0 44.0 20,400 11,400 15,400
ID : 770 850 76.0 80.0 56,880 58,520 68,000
IL : 1,390 900 49.0 41.0 50,400 68,110 36,900
IN : 660 600 60.0 47.0 38,430 39,600 28,200
IA : 35 50 35.0 40.0 2,115 1,225 2,000
KS : 11,000 8,300 26.0 22.0 433,200 286,000 182,600
KY : 460 450 53.0 48.0 25,200 24,380 21,600
LA : 80 110 36.0 34.0 2,590 2,880 3,740
MD : 225 243 64.0 60.0 12,100 14,400 14,580
MI : 620 660 60.0 50.0 30,740 37,200 33,000
MN : 33 32 33.0 35.0 1,073 1,089 1,120
MS : 165 210 38.0 40.0 6,400 6,270 8,400
MO : 1,230 1,150 39.0 35.0 50,400 47,970 40,250
MT : 1,370 2,100 40.0 40.0 64,750 54,800 84,000
NE : 2,100 1,950 41.0 31.0 71,400 86,100 60,450
NV : 4 7 100.0 100.0 450 400 700
No : 32 37 57.0 47.0 1,344 1,824 1,739
NM : 150 140 22.0 33.0 5,520 3,300 4,620
NY : 125 150 55.0 52.0 6,095 6,875 7,800
NC : 640 590 44.0 47.0 30,380 28,160 27,730
ND 3 34 55 27.0 32.0 1,254 918 1,760
On : 1,210 1,270 61.0 51.0 68,440 73,810 64,770
OK g 5,200 4,500 21.0 19.0 143,100 109,200 85,500
OR 2 825 860 70.0 74.0 55,680 57,750 63,640
PA : 185 190 55.0 54.0 7,920 10,175 10,260
sc : 280 260 32.0 45.0 18,000 8,960 11,700
sD : 1,520 1,550 37.0 30.0 43,200 56,240 46,500
TTMN : 340 400 47.0 42.0 15,000 15,980 16,800
TX : 2,800 2,600 27.0 22.0 75,400 75,600 57,200
UT : 140 155 50.0 40.0 6,000 7,000 6,200
VA : 275 255 64.0 52.0 14,000 17,600 13,260
WA : 2,150 2,350 62.0 62.0 124,200 133,300 145,700
wv : 12 11 52.0 52.0 550 624 572
wi : 135 115 58.0 50.0 7,670 7,830 5,750
wy : 190 210 36.0 26.0 4,320 6,840 5,460
US > 40,993 37,946 37.7 35.9 1,661,943 1,547,311 1,363,851
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-7 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Hay Stocks on Farms, United States, 1994-96

: 1,000 Tons
Domestic Units

May 1 : 22,096 20,775 20,789
, December 1 : 105,296 109,547

Metric Tons

May 1 20,045,150 18,846,760 18,859,460
December 1 95,522,920 99,379,370
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-6 NASS, USDA


Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield
by Type, State, and United States, 1994-95 1/

Area : Area
Planted : Harvested

1994

1,000 Acres

Upland
AL : 463.0 590.0 455.0 578.0 766 409
AZ 3 313.0 365.0 312.0 364.0 1,203 1,046
AR : 980.0 1,170.0 970.0 1,110.0 877 635
CA : 1,100.0 1,170.0 1,095.0 1,165.0 1,191 953
FL : 69.0 110.0 68.0 109.0 735 472
GA 2 885.0 1,500.0 875.0 1,490.0 843 625
KS 3 1.4 3.8 1.2 2.6 480 185
LA 3 900.0 1,085.0 890.0 1,075.0 815 614
MS : 1,280.0 1,460.0 1,270.0 1,420.0 806 622
MO : 352.0 462.0 345.0 453.0 856 544
NM : 55.0 61.0 50.0 56.0 720 609
NC : 486.0 805.0 485.0 800.0 820 479
OK : 360.0 380.0 340.0 315.0 349 187
sc : 225.0 348.0 223.0 342.0 846 528
TN : 590.0 700.0 585.0 660.0 726 527
Tx : 5,450.0 6,400.0 5,150.0 5,750.0 458 372
VA Fy 42.2 107.0 41.7 106.0 944 620
US : 13,551.6 16,716.8 13,155.9 15,795.6 705 533

Amer-Pima:
AZ : 48.0 48.6 47.9 48.1 806 720
CA : 81.0 115.0 80.8 115.0 1,098 937
NM : 11.0 15.0 10.7 15.0 875 605
TX 3 28.5 36.0 27.0 33.0 942 756
us 3 168.5 214.6 166.4 211.1 974 836

All
AL 463.0 590.0 455.0 578.0 766 409
AZ 361.0 413.6 359.9 412.1 1,150 1,008
AR 980.0 1,170.0 970.0 1,110.0 877 635
CA 1,181.0 1,285.0 1,175.8 1,280.0 1,185 951
FL 69.0 110.0 68.0 109.0 735 472
GA 885.0 1,500.0 875.0 1,490.0 843 625
KS 1.4 3.8 1.2 2.6 480 185
LA : 900.0 1,085.0 890.0 1,075.0 815 614
MS z 1,280.0 1,460.0 1,270.0 1,420.0 806 622
MO : 352.0 462.0 345.0 453.0 856 544
NM 66.0 76.0 60.7 71.0 747 608
NC 486.0 805.0 485.0 800.0 820 479
OK 360.0 380.0 340.0 315.0 349 187
sc 225.0 348.0 223.0 342.0 846 528
TN 590.0 700.0 585.0 660.0 726 527
TX 5,478.5 6,436.0 5,177.0 5,783.0 461 375
VA 42.2 107.0 41.7 106.0 944 620
us > 13,720.1 16,931.4 13,322.3 16,006.7 708 537

1/ 1995 revised.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-19 NASS, USDA


Hay: Stocks on Farms, by State and United States,
Dec 1 and May 1, 1993-96

1,000 Tons
AL 3 1,181 1,537 1,270 274 276 106
AZ : 124 133 265 25 27 28
AR : 1,769 2,055 1,910 430 426 141
CA : 1,670 1,642 2,250 152 327 361
co : 2,430 2,030 2,390 294 AaT 636
cT : 90 105 78 10 32 1.
DE : 16 12 9 8 10 1
FL : 400 490 397 79 132 29
GA 2 684 1,170 1,050 114 371 150
ID : 2,955 2,263 2,794 678 222 660
IL : 1,725 1,397 1,979 616 540 432
IN 3 1,164 1,097 1,584 205 148 216
IA : 3,410 4,274 4,079 720 751 736
KS : 4,180 5,080 4,590 1,093 796 787
KY : 4,362 5,292 4,806 600 648 492
LA : 396 512 513 42 97 415
ME 2 239 243 272 36 61 126
MD 3 374 347 265 33 20 55
MA : 94 138 115 17 28 17
MI 2 3,185 3,020 3,166 753 1,074 754
MN : 3,881 4,895 4,374 716 753 694
MS 2 1,382 1,688 1,368 173 206 50
MO : 6,160 5,755 6,000 1,466 1,016 955
MT : 4,325 3,950 4,931 1,153 772 858
NE 2 5,492 5,413 4,813 1,391 1,112 1,325
NV 3 651 630 750 166 42 166
NH : 98 90 82 17 26 16
NI H 129 205 131 7 60 48
NM 3 590 525 600 90 50 40
NY 7 1,983 2,377 2,069 361 594 552
NC 3 436 807 900 36 131 116
ND : 5,194 4,285 5,044 1,160 857 1,019
OH : 1,950 2,410 2,421 562 307 323
OK : 3,696 3,500 3,600 750 700 500
OR : 1,686 1,761 2,310 521 85 264
PA : 2,481 2,717 2,513 653 724 617
RI : 8 9 6 2 3 1
sc 3 70 332 396 44 130 72
SD : 9,464 7,477 8,960 2,293 1,759 3,077
TN 3 2,226 3,340 3,136 417 721 235
TX : 6,005 7,610 7,322 826 1,606 570
UT : 1,518 1,452 1,481 323 245 349
vT : 425 389 391 137 136 100
VA : 1,694 2,108 2,185 374 445 257
WA : 992 1,198 1,410 312 139 426
Ww : 932 955 855 95 100 53
Wr 3 4,507 5,000 4,900 1,377 1,441 1,569
WY 3 2,530 1,582 2,827 495 182 784
us : 100,953 105,296 109,547 22,096 20,775 20,789
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-9 NASS, USDA


Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss
by State, 1986-95 (continued)

Mississippi : Texas

Year : Harvest Harvest
: Large Bolls : Loss : Large Bolls: Loss
: 1/ z Per Acre : 1/ : Per Acre
: Number Pounds Number Pounds
1986 : 611 95 391 36
1987 : 777 81 473 34
1988 726 86 463 34
1989 : 710 90 369 32
1990 693 93 489 39
1991 726 90 430 41
1992 708 84 489 53
1993 608 76 489 36
1994 : 760 99 486 41
1995 607 78 414 34

1/ Total large bolls in 40 feet of row.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-25 NASS, USDA


NASS DEG

Crop Pe sci
Production United State

Service
Department of
Agriculture

Washington,

Released May 10, 1996, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS),
Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For information
on “Crop Production” call at (202) 720-2127, office hours 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.
ET. For assistance with general agricultural statistics, information about
NASS, its products or services, contact the NASS Information Hotline at
1-800-727-9540 or E-mail: NASS@NASS.USDA.GOV. Forecasts refer to May 1, 1996.

Winter Wheat Production Down 12 Percent

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.36 billion bushels. This is down

12 percent from 1995 to the lowest level since 1978. Based on May 1 conditions,
the U.S. yield is forecast at 35.9 bushels per acre, down 1.6 bushels per acre
from last year and the lowest in 5 years. Grain area totals 37.9 million acres,
down 7 percent from last season. Acres for grain are the lowest level since
1972.

Much of the central and southern Great Plains Hard Red Winter areas have been
stressed by dry conditions since seeding. Apparent abandonment in states
affected is about 11 million acres. Remaining stands are thin. Total Hard Red
production is down 19 percent from last year. Soft Red Winter production is
down 11 percent largely due to acreage reductions caused by winterkill. White
Winter production is up 10 percent due to expected high yields in the Pacific
Northwest.

All orange production is forecast at 11.7 million tons, unchanged from last
month but 1 percent above last season. This year’s crop is the second largest on
record. Florida's forecast is 201.2 million boxes (9.05 million tons),
unchanged from April’s forecast but down 2 percent from last season. Early and
mid-season varieties remained at 121.2 million boxes (5.45 million tons), a
record high. The Valencia forecast remained at 80.0 million boxes (3.60 million
tons), down 7 percent from a year ago. California’s orange production is
carried forward from last month. It remains at 68.0 million boxes (2.55 million
tons), 11 percent above last season. Early, mid-season, and Navel varieties are
expected to produce 40.0 million boxes (1.50 million tons), 14 percent more
than last season. Valencia production is forecast at 28.0 million boxes

(1.05 million tons), 8 percent more than 1994-95.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1995-96 season is
forecast at 1.52 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, up from 1.48 last month.
Early and mid-season varieties yield was final in March at 1.45 gallons per box,
up from last year’s 1.44 gallons per box. The Valencia crop is expected to
yield 1.66 gallons per box, up from 1.55 gallons per box last month and 1.58
gallons per box a year ago. The final 1994-95 yield for all fruit used in FcoJ
was 1.50 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix. The forecast projects the final
yield as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association.

Cr Pr 2-2 (5-96)


Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production,
California, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996

1,000 Pounds

370,000

Avocados: Bearing Acreage, Yield, Production, Price,
and Value, Florida and Hawaii, 1994-96

Bearing
Acreage : Per = !:---~--------------------~---~------------------

- Tons -
FL
1994-95 3.51 20,000 20,000 20,000 --
1995-96 3.28 19,000 19,000 19,000 ~~
AL
1994-95 220 1.14 250 250 250
1995-96 : 210 1.19 250 250 250
FL :
1994-95 : 616 -- 616 12,320 -- 12,320
1995-96 : 596 -- 596 11,324 -~ 11,324
HI :
1994-95 : 1,000 1,000 250 250
1995-96 1,090 1,090 273 273

1/ Bearing acreage estimates are based on periodic orchard inventory surveys.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-12 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruit Footnotes
1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with
the completion of harvest the following year.
2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67,
FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76, tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90;
tangerines-CA & AZ-75, FL~95.

3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in CA and AZ. Early and mid-season
varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX.

4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

5/ California Desert and Other Areas Grapefruit forecasts combined with All
Grapefruit beginning in 1995-96.

Spring Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State
and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996

1,000 cwt
AL 2.5 1.9 160 160 438 400 304
AZ 6.5 9.0 270 275 1,670 1,755 2,475
CA 17.8 20.1 350 375 7,790 6,230 7,538
FL : 36.0 35.5 218 195 8,588 7,830 6,940
Hastings 27.0 27.5 220 200 6,380 5,940 5,500
Other FL 9.0 8.0 210 180 2,208 1,890 1,440
NC 16.5 16.2 185 175 3,060 3,053 2,835
TX 5.0 6.5 185 170 1,100 925 1,105

Total 22,646 20,193 21,197

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-11 NASS, USDA


the lowest on record--dating back to 1964. Head counts are the lowest since
1991 in Oklahoma where the drought has ruined dryland wheat in the Panhandle and
parts of the southwest, west, and north central growing areas. Dryland wheat
has been reduced substantially in the Texas Panhandle. Fields are turning
rapidly up into central Texas. Overall, average headcounts were found in areas
other than the Texas Panhandle. Subsoil moisture is short in southwest
Nebraska, but adequate in the Panhandle. All dryland wheat in New Mexico is in
very poor condition; this will be the smallest acreage harvested since 1957.
Heavy winterkill has been reported in central South Dakota.

Dryness at seeding prevented proper crop establishment in parts of Illinois,
Missouri, and southwest Indiana. The winter temperature fluctuations caused
heaving and abnormally high winterkill. Recent rains have caused flooding in
some of the affected areas. A harsh winter has given way to a favorable spring
in Arkansas. Moderate winterkill was found in Kentucky’s later planted wheat.
Cool weather this spring has slowed crop development in Georgia, North Carolina,
Tennessee, and Virginia. Florida’s harvest should start in late May.

Condition ratings are high in the Pacific Northwest. Record yields are forecast
in Idaho and Oregon. In Idaho, cool, rainy weather has the crop growing slowly.
Michigan’s crop is maturing 2-3 weeks later than normal. Water is standing in
some of New York's Eastern White wheat fields.

Durum Wheat: Durum production in Arizona and California is forecast at 12.9 and
13.1 million bushels, respectively. Arizona’s production is up

52 percent from 1995 while California’s is up 93 percent. The production

increases are largely due to dramatic jumps in area for grain in both States.

Condition ratings are good to excellent for both crops. All of Arizona‘s wheat
is headed, most fields are turning color, and harvest has started. Average
yields have been reported so far in California’s Imperial Valley where harvest
began in late April. San Joaquin Valley fields were turning color May 1.
Harvest should start there later this month.

Hay Stocks on Farms: Stocks of all hay on farms totaled 20.8 million tons on

May 1, virtually unchanged from the previous year.
Although production of the 1995 crop was 3 percent above 1994, a cold winter and
slow pasture greening this spring forced increased feeding. Disappearance of
hay from December 1, 1995 - May 1, 1996, totaled 88.8 million tons, 5 percent
higher than the 1994 crop disappearance of 84.5 million tons for the same
period.

Stocks of hay were lower compared to last year in the Northeast, Southeast,
Delta States, portions of the Midwest, and Southwest. A combination of cold
winter and spring weather, poor pasture growth last year, and higher grain
prices, caused an increased feeding of hay. Stocks were higher in the far West
and Northwest, mainly due to increased production of the 1995 hay crop.

Almonds: The first forecast of 1996 California almond production is 520 million

pounds, shelled basis. Production is up 41 percent from last year’s
crop of 370 million pounds. Bearing acreage totaled 410,000, up 3 percent from
1995 acreage of 400,000. Statewide bloom reports varied from good to excellent.
Cold weather and intermittent rain storms during February and March hampered
pollination. Expectations are for early and mid-season varieties not to do as
well as late varieties.

Avocados: Florida avocado production for the 1995-96 season totaled
19,000 tons, down 5 percent from 20,000 tons last season. Trees
recovered dramatically from Hurricane Andrew, which devastated the south Dade

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-6 NASS, USDA


The middle of April brought continued drought conditions in the Texas High
Plains and warm, windy weather in the Southwest and central Great Plains,
depleting soil moisture supplies. Beneficial rains fell over parts of Kansas,
but more rain was needed. Snowmelt in the Red River Valley triggered flooding
and pushed fieldwork and small grain seeding behind schedule. Heavy rains and
thunderstorms over the Delta States slowed spring planting. Wheat heading
started in mid-April, slightly behind schedule due to cool weather. On April
15, a freeze extended into the Texas High Plains and further stressed the
drought-stricken wheat. The storm system brought scattered rain to parts of
Kansas but did little to revive wheat fields that were damaged by high wind,
dust, and low temperatures. In the central Great Plains, wheat was beginning to
grow but the wheat stands were thin. By mid-April, wheat in the Ohio Valley was
beginning to joint. Across the Midwest, low soil temperatures caused some
producers to wait for warmer weather before seeding. Wet fields and below-
normal temperatures slowed cotton planting in the Southeastern States.

Later in the month, rain showers brought pre-planting moisture to the Corn Belt.
The effects of winterkill in the middle Mississippi and Ohio Valleys were
observed as warmer weather stimulated growth. Some wheat fields in the central
States with severe winterkill and wind damage were abandoned. Freezing
temperatures at mid-month threatened wheat that was jointing in the central
Great Plains. Cool weather left wheat headed behind normal in the Southeastern
States. Corn planting progress in the Midwest made significant headway, despite
some producers who were waiting for higher soil temperatures.

By the end of April, rain fell over the central Great Plains and extended to the
eastern Corn Belt, but missed the critically dry wheat region in the southern
Great Plains. High winds caused soil erosion and blew out borderline wheat
fields in the central Great Plains. Reports of poor wheat fields being tilled
continued as producers contemplated their options. The continued lack of soil
moisture in the southern Great Plains stressed small grain fields. Windy
weather in the Dakotas helped dry saturated fields, but planting was delayed for
many small grains. Across the Southwest small grains rapidly turned color due
to high temperatures. Rain over the Corn Belt broug:.. pre-planting moisture for
row crops but left fields saturated, slowing planting progress. Winter wheat
finished the month.with 13 percent of the acreage heating, 7 points behind the
5-year average. Warm weather at month’s end caused wi:eat to green and develop.
Wheat fields in the Corn Belt with severe winterkill were tilled and replanted
to corn. Corn planting progress surged at the end of April over most of the
Corn Belt despite some wet fields and low soil temperatures. Cotton planting
was behind normal in the Delta and Southeastern States, where some producers
chose to plant other row crops first. Excessive rain and low soil temperatures
slowed cotton planting in the Delta. Cotton producers in the Texas High Plains
prepared fields and applied pre-planting herbicides.

Winter Wheat: Area for grain harvest this year is forecast at 37.9 million

acres, down 7 percent from 1995. This will be the lowest
estimated harvested acres since 1972. Poor conditions fostered by drought in the
central and southern Great Plains along with problems in some major Soft red
areas have abandonment at the highest level since the 1983 PIK program
reductions. The Hard Red Winter area of eastern Colorado, into southwest
Nebraska, western Kansas and Oklahoma, and the Texas Panhandle is the driest
since 1896, according to the National Weather Service. States encompassing this
territory plus South Dakota have apparent abandonment of 11.1 million acres.
Overall, Hard Red grain acres are down 11 percent from last year. Soft Red
winter is down 3 percent. The 1.55 million-acre abandonment in Illinois,
Indiana, and Missouri more than offset Soft Red gains in other States.

Kansas wheat has been stressed by dry weather since seeding. Poor emergence and
root development made the crop susceptible to wind damage and freezes that came
this winter. Forecasted head counts from the Kansas Objective Yield survey are

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-5 NASS, USDA


Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State
and United States, 1994-95 and Forecasted May 1, 1996 1/

Area Harvested

: 1,000 Acres --- Bushels -~- ~ 1,000 Busheis --
AZ : 99 139 86.0 93.0 8,554 8,514 12,927
CA 68 138 100.0 95.0 5,605 6,800 13,110
MN z 12 30.0 275 360
MT : 265 30.0 5,340 7,950
ND : 2,880 27.0 76,375 77,760
sD 2 32 28.0 598 896

102,280

1/ Area harvested for U.S. and northern States will be published in "Acreage"
released June 28, 1996. Yield and production will be published in "Crop
Production" released July 12, 1996.

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1994~1995
and Forecasted May 1, 1996 1/

Spring :

Soft Total

Red

Year

Durum

1,000 Bushels

1994 : 971,161 434,208 256,574 515,315 96,747 46,976 2,320,981
1995 : 824,492 449,616 273,203 475,328 102,280 60,620 2,185,539
1996 : 664,117 399,413 300,234

1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available
for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the
previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast
season.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-8 NASS, USDA


Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition,
by State and United States, 1994-95 1/

Farm Disposition
3 Sales to
Production Oil Mills Other 2/

Used for
Planting 3/

1,000 Tons

AL > 271.0 162.0 115.0 61.0 156. 0 6.8 6.7
AZ : 324.0 334.0 174.0 162.0 150. 0 3.7 3.3
AR : 712.0 580.0 618.0 504.0 94. +0 11.21 10.5
CA :1,063.0 940.0 360.0 338.0 703. 0 10.9 10.8
FL 4/: 33.0 38.0 16.0 16.0 17. a) 1.2 1.3
GA : 516.0 674.0 124.0 231.0 392. 60 18.0 16.6
KS 4/ 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.0 0. 3

LA 549.0 499.0 379.0 380.0 170. 0 9.8 8.7
MS 842.0 727.0 795.0 672.0 47. 0 14.6 12.0
MO 238.0 221.0 169.0 180.0 69. +0 4.8 4.8
NM 36.4 33.4 13.7 3.1 22. 3 1.2 1.3
NC 295.0 282.0 68.0 23.0 227. -0 7.3 7.0
OK : 101.0 56.0 88.0 48.0 13. ae) 4.2 3.9
sc : 134.0 132.0 74.0 97.0 60. 0 2.4 2.2
TN > 348.0 292.0 283.0 263.0 65. -0 7.4 6.6
TX :2,112.0 1,828.0 1,735.0 1,461.0 376. 0 99.8 86.0
VA : 30.0 50.0 0.0 0.0 30. +0 1.0 1.0
us 9 7 5,012.2 «1 2,591 6 204.2 182.7

2/ Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, loss
and other uses.

3/ Included in "other" farm disposition. Planting seed from previous
years’ crops.

4/ FL seed for planting includes KS. KS estimate of cottonseed used for
planting is 38 tons in 1995 and 15 in 1996.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-22 NASS, USDA


Index

Page
Table Narrative

F.38 Xo) oe | ee A- 8 B- 6
AVOCAGOS. 1. eee eee eee eee eee eet terres . A- 8 B- 6
Bananas..... seen e eee eee ca A- 9

Citrus Fruit... cece e eee eee eee eee beeen eee e eee eee A-10 B- 7
Cotton... . sent e eee eee reece weet eaweeee A-17 B- 9
Cottonseed..... Se ery sees A-20 B-10
Crop Moisture Maps..... . eee eee eae seen ae B- 1

Crop Summary.......e.2-eeeeee see eee ran A- 3

Parm Marketings - TObaCCO...... cece eee eee eee eee eee A-24

Hay Stocks... bees . . A- 7 B- 6
PapayaS.........+.-- ae eee ee eee ete e eens A- 9 B- 7
Potatoes, SPLing..... csc e cece eee eee eee tence nee . A-11 B- 8
Reliability Statement... ...... ccc cece eee eee eee eee B-11
TAO... eee eee e ee ee ree eee ee see eee eee eee eens A- 9

Tobacco by Class and Type........ eee eee ee eee een eee A-12 B- 9
Tobacco by States... .. eee eee eee eee eee been eee eee A-16

Wheat, by Class......... beer eee eee A- 6

Wheat, Winter........ Pe ee ee ee eee renee e nee e eee A- 5 B- 5
Wheat, DULUM. 2... cece eee eee eee rer eee e renee pees A- 6 B- 6
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 B-13 NASS, USDA



Report Features

The next "Crop Production” report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on

June 12, 1996.

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National
Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.

Cc. Ray Halley, Chief (202)
Field Crops Section
Bill Dowdy, Head (202)
Kevin Barnes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds, Rice (202
Greg Preston - Sugar Crops, Tobacco, Weekly Crop Weather (202)
Vaughn Siegenthaler - Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202)
Dan Kerestes - Barley, Corn, Oats, Pasture Condition (202)
Pruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section
Stephen Ropel, Head (202)
Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Dry Beans, Onions (202)
Roger Latham - Cotton (202)
Linda McMillan - Nuts, Grapes (202)
Dave Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202)
Blair Smith - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202)
Barbara Rater - Noncitrus Fruits (202)

Crop Production
May 1996

720-2127

720-3843
720-9526
720-7621
720-8068
720-7369

720-3843
720-4285
720-5944
720-4215
720-2157
720-5412
720-7688

Agricultural Statistics Board
NASS, USDA


DROUGHT SEVERITY
(LONG TERM, PALMER)

April 27, 1996

UPDATED BI-WEEKLY

soIsT MOIST
MoIST
—— 2]
MOIST
*. y
MOIST
x PO

NOAAUSDA JOINT AGRICULTURAL WEATHER FACILITY __Based on preliminary reports

Drought Severity

Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal
dryness or wetness; responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and
reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as
evaportranspiration.

Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or
wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or
wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in
aquifers, reservoirs, and streams.

Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of
drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this
is indicated by the crop moisture index) .

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-2 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996
(Domestic Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

1,000 Acres
Winter Wheat 48,726 52,006 40,993 37,946
All Cotton 1/ : 16,931.4 15,246.5 16,006.7
Upland i/ > 16,716.8 14,981.5 15,795.6
Amer-Pima 1/ : 214.6 265.0 211.1
Potatoes z
Winter : 13.3 13.6 11.9 13.5
Spring 3 88.3 91.9 84.3 89.2
Total : 1,397.1 1,371.3
All Tobacco 1/ 3 663.1 719.8
Bananas 1/ : 0.9
Papayas 1/ : 2.4
Taro 1/ 2 0.6

1/ 1995 revised. Cotton planted and tobacco harvested for 1996 were released
in the "Prospective Plantings" report on March 29, 1996.

Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States,
1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996
(Domestic Units)

Winter Wheat Bu: 37.7 35.9 1,547,311

All Cotton 1/ 2/ Bale: 537 17,899.8
Upland 1/ 2/ " 3 533 17,532.2
Amer~Pima 1/ 2/ * : 836 367.6

Cottonseed 2/ Ton : 6,848.7

Potatoes z
Winter 3/ Cwt : 208 215 2,473 2,907 2,907
Spring " : 240 238 20,193 21,085 21,197
Total . : 323 442,400

All Tobacco 2/ Lb : 1,913 1,268,494

Bananas 2/ " 214,000 13,000

Papayas 2/ "320,900 50,800

Taro 2/ " 712,400 6,800

370,000 520,000

Almonds (CA) "

1/ Yield in pounds.

2/ 1995 revised. Cotton and all tobacco yield and production for 1996 will
be released in the "Crop Production" report on August 12, 1996.

3/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-4 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,
State, and United States, 1994-95 1/ (continued)

Area Harvested Yield Production

--- Pounds ~-- 1,000 Pounds -~-

Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3B, Dark
Air-cured

Type 35, One Sucker

Belt :
KY 5 2,600 2,300 2,480 2,060 6,448 4,738
TMN : 620 510 2,150 2,000 1,333 1,020
us : 3,220 2,810 2,416 2,049 7,781 5,758
Type 36, Green River
Belt z
KY : 1,400 1,300 2,780 2,100 3,892 2,730
Type 37, VA Sun-cured:
Belt :
VA : 70 70 1,770 1,125 124 79
Total 35-37 : 4,690 4,180 2,515 2,050 11,797 8,567

Class 4, Cigar Filler :
Type 41, PA Seedleaf :
PA 3 5,400 4,500 2,100 2,050 11,340 9,225
Class 5, Cigar Binder :
Class 5A, CT valley

Binder
Type 51, CT Valley
Broadleaf :
cT 3 745 1,000 1,890 1,980 1,408 1,980
MA : 210 240 1,905 1,920 400 461
US : 955 1,240 1,893 1,969 1,808 2,441

Class 5B, WI Binder
Type 54, Southern WI:

wi 2 1,900 1,900 2,200 2,370 4,180 4,503
Type 55, Northern WI:

WI : 950 860 1,775 1,975 1,686 1,699
Total 54-55 : 2,850 2,760 2,058 2,247 5,866 6,202
Total 51-55 : 3,805 4,000 2,017 2,161 7,674 8,643

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper:
Type 61, CT Valley
Shade-grown z
cT 3 910 990 1,400 1,560 1,274 1,544

MA : 280 260 1,400 1,655 392 431

US : 1,190 1,250 1,400 1,580 1,666 1,975
All Cigar Types :

Total 41-61 > 10,395 9,750 1,989 2,035 20,680 19,843

All Tobacco : 671,065 663,110 2,359 1,913 1,582,896 1,268,494

1/ 1995 revised.

2/ Estimates carried forward from "Crop Production" Annual Summary released
January 12, 1996.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-15 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State,
and United States, 1994-95 1/ (continued)
: Price per Value of
z Pound Production
Class and Type ot =~ 3-9-2 2 o-oo nn nn re nnn enn rere nnn

Dollars ~ 1,000 Dollars

Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3B, Dark
Air-cured
Type 35, One Sucker

Belt :

KY : 1.669 1.774 10,762 8,405

TN : 1.614 1.756 2,151 1,791

US : 1.660 1.771 12,913 10,196
Type 36, Green River :

Belt :

KY : 1.736 1.745 6,757 4,764
Type 37, VA Sun-cured :

Belt :

VA : 1.476 1.530 183 121
Total 35-37 : 1.683 1.760 19,853 15,081
Class 4, Cigar Filler :
Type 41, PA Seedleaf :

PA : 1.000 1.450 11,340 13,376
Class 5, Cigar Binder :
Class 5A, CT valley 3

Binder :
Type 51, CT Valley :

Broadleaf 2

cT : 3.050 3.850 4,294 7,623

MA : 3.100 4.050 1,240 1,867

us : 3.060 3.890 5,534 9,490
Class 5B, WI Binder 3
Type 54, Southern WI :

Wi : 1.450 1.450 6,061 6,529
Type 55, Northern WI :

Wi : 1.450 1.450 2,445 2,464
Total 54-55 : 1.450 1.450 8,506 8,993
Total 51-55 : 1.830 2.138 14,040 18,483

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper
Type 61, CT Valley
Shade-grown
cT 2/
MA 2/
Us 2/
All Cigar Types

Total 41- 55 2/ 1.783 25,380 31,859

All Tobacco 2/ 1.820 2,779,056 2,305,141

1/ 1995 revised.
2/ CT and MA Shade type 61 not published to avoid disclosure; value
not included in All Cigar types or U.S. total.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-17 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Production, United States,
1995 and Forecasted May 1, 1996

Crop Apr 1, May 1,

1996 2 1996

Crop Year 1995-96 1995-96

1,000 Tons
Citrus Fruits 1/

Oranges 11,616 11,704 11,704
Grapefruit 2,912 2,694 2,717
Lemons 2/ 916 988 988
Tangerines 275 344 344
Temples (FL) 114 99 97
Tangelos (FL) : 142 110 110

K-Early Citrus (FL) : 5 7 7

Metric Tons

Oranges 10,537,860 10,617,690 10,617,690
Grapefruit 2,641,720 2,443,960 2,464,820
Lemons 2/ 830,980 896,300 896,300
Tangerines 249,480 312,070 312,070
Temples (FL) 103,420 89,810 88,000
Tangelos (FL) 128,820 99,790 99,790
K-Early Citrus (FL) 4,540 6,350 6,350

1/ Crop year begins with the bloom of the first year and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.
2/ Estimates for current month carried forward from earlier forecast.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-3 NASS, USDA


9.8 percent or approximately 134 million bushels. Differences between the May 1
winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 10 years
have averaged 53 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 124 million bushels.
The May 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 3 times and above 7 times.
This does not imply that the May 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to

understate or overstate final production.

Agricultural Statistics Board

Crop Production
NASS, USDA

May 1996 B-12



Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class,
Month, and State, 1995 Marketing Year

3 Percent

Flue-cured :

FL : 17 41 33 9 100
GA : 18 41 34 7 100
NC > 15 39 32 14 100
sc : 15 38 31 16 100
VA > 14 39 30 17 100
Fire-cured

VA : 85 15 100
KY : 37 48 14 1 100
TN 25 56 19 100

Air-cured

1/ Sales by month are not available.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-26 NASS, USDA


This report was approved on May 10, 1996, by the Acting Secretary of Agriculture
and the National Agricultural Statistics Service's Agricultural Statistica
Board.

Cages Teor fk Mb

Adt ing Secretary of Agricultural Statistics Board
Agriculture Chairperson
Eugene Moos Rich Allen

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-2 NASS, USDA


6 percent from last season. Temple harvest was complete by the end of the
month.

Florida Citrus: April was very dry throughout the citrus belt. Most growers
used low volume irrigation to maintain good tree condition
during this important fruit set period. Citrus trees shed small green fruit
that couldn’t carry through next season. New growth was abundant on trees of
all ages in most well cared for groves. Harvest of Valencia oranges was very
active during April with most of the fruit going to processors. Nearly
44 million boxes of Valencia oranges were harvested by the end of April.
Movement of all seedless grapefruit slowed during April as supplies ran low in
all areas. A little more than 22 million boxes of white seedless grapefruit
were picked and almost 27 million boxes of colored seedless grapefruit were
certified by the first of May. Temple and Honey tangerine harvests were
completed by the end of the month, More than 2.1 million boxes of Temples moved
during April. Almost 1.6 million boxes of Honey tangerines were picked this
year. Caretakers were busy cutting cover crops, fertilizing, hedging, and
applying post bloom nutritional sprays.

California Fruits and Nuts: Warm weather continued advancing crop growth.

Orchards and vineyards were mowed, disced,
fertilized, irrigated, thinned, and sprayed. Stone fruit were thinned during
the month. Fruit set occurred for apples, kiwifruit, and pomegranates. Cherry
harvest began in the southern part of the state. Rains during mid month
temporarily halted the strawberry harvest but it resumed quickly. Almond nut
set looks light to normal. Walnut and grape catkins appeared during mid-month.
Conditions for grapes looked good,

California Citrus: Desert valley grapefruit picking continued with excellent

quality reported. Some sheepnose, wind scar, and sunburn
occurred. Lemon harvest was active in the central valley and south coast areas.
Good quality was reported but with some wind scar, botrytis, and bud mite
defects. Navel orange harvest wound down by early May. Valencia orange picking
gathered momentum during April. Overall quality was good, but some problems
include puff, crease, thrips scar, red scale, and coarse texture.

Spring Potatoes: Spring potato production is forecast at 21.2 million cwt, up

i percent from last month but 6 percent below the peak of
two years ago. Area for harvest is estimated at 89,200 acres. This level is up
6 percent from a year ago but 1 percent below two years ago. The average yield,
projected at 238 cwt per acre, is down 2 cwt from last year and 13 cwt below
1994,

Early frost damage, cold, and wet weather hurt spring potatoes across the
Southeast. Harvest in Alabama may be three to four weeks late. Growers are
worried about the affect of warm weather on the maturing crop as harvest is
ushed back to mid-June. Early cold weather hurt spring potatoes in all of
Florida, but “other” areas more than in the Hastings area. Harvest began in
Hastings late in April and was active in other areas through the month.

Planting in North Carolina finished by late April. Growers say cold weather and
rain thinned stands this year. The additional acreage in Texas has their crop
about the same size as two years ago, although yields are down sharply.

Arizona and California potatoes are doing well with no forecast changes from
last month. Some shipping has taken place on early varieties. Farmers are
controlling blight with effective spray programs. Later potatoes are left to
gain size.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-8 NASS, USDA


April Weather Summary: Crop development across the southern Corn Belt, already

delayed by cool weather, was further set back by
torrential rain toward month's end. In the central Plains and Ohio Valley,
extensive wheat winterkill became apparent, while the southern Plains' dryland
stands continued to deteriorate. Little or no rain fell during the month from
southwestern Kansas to Texas' Northern Panhandle. Across the Southwest, hot,
dry, and breezy conditions abetted wild fire development. In contrast, late-
season rainfall dampened the West Coast States as far south as central
California.

Monthly temperatures ranged from 2 to 5 degrees F below normal across the Corn
Belt and the Southeast. Above-normal temperatures prevailed, however, from the
High Plains westward, with departures reaching +2 to +5 degrees F in the
Southwest. A vast cell of warmth, stretching from Hawaii to the West Coast,
accounted for much of the early-season heat, which produced all-time April
records at several locations.

Location Maximum (degrees F)/Date Former Record/Date
Honolulu, HI 90 F on April 8 89 F in 1990*

San Antonio, TX 101 F on April 19 100 F on 4/20/1984*
Bethel, AK 60 F on April 23 59 F in 1938
Monticello, UT 76 F on April 24 76 F on 4/21/1989"
Riverside, CA 98 F on April 26 98 F in 1981
Midland, TX 101 F on April 27 101 F on 4/21/1989
Honolulu, HI 91 F on April 28 90 F on 4/25/1996*
Sacramento, CA 94 F on April 30 93 F in 1988*

* Temperature was also observed on earlier dates.

Snowfall finally yielded to spring in the Northeast after April 11, but not
before a double-barreled storm lifted seasonal snowfall to record levels in
another half-dozen locations. Seasonal snowfall records were broken on April 10
in Massachusetts at Worcester (132.9 inches) and the Blue Hill Observatory
{143.8 inches); and 2 days earlier in Binghamton, NY (133.4 inches). An April~
record 12.9 inches blanketed Providence, RI, all of which fell by April 11.
Farther west, several storms traversed the Great Lakes States, dumping snowfall
throughout the month. Seasonal records were eclipsed in Duluth, MN (April 12),
Cleveland, OH (April 23), International Falls, MN (April 25), and Marquette, MI
(April 30).

In Evansville, IN, the late-month storm delivered 7.92 inches of rain in a
24-hour period, breaking their all-time record. The storm also boosted
Evansville's monthly total to an April-record 11.84 inches. A few days earlier,
on April 19-21, rains across the Midwest and Southeast were accompanied by a
barrage of severe weather, including more than 110 tornadoes. Wetness extended
into the Northeast, where St. Johnsbury, VT (6.23 inches) also logged a record-
wet April. A brief mid-month flood episode unfolded across New England after a
2- to 6-inch rainfall. Farther west, a snowmelt flood developed across the
North Central States. On April 21, the Red River crested at 17.82 feet above
flood stage at East Grand Forks, MN. Meanwhile in the Northwest, precipitation
totaled more than twice normal in locations such as Astoria, OR (10.09 inches)
and Seattle, WA (5.37 inches).

High winds swept the Plains and western Corn Belt on April 25, lifting dust from
dry and open fields. Visibilities dropped below a mile in parts of Kansas, and
peak wind gusts included 61 mph in Dodge City, KS, 68 mph in Pierre, SD, and an
April-record 67 mph in Glasgow, MT. In Wichita, KS, winds gusted to 48 mph, one
of 9 days during the month on which winds reached or exceeded 40 mph.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 B-3 NASS, USDA


Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1995-96

Area 2 Fresh Production

Month

1,000 Pounds --

Mar : 3,715 3,650 2,480 2,280 4,255 2,965
Apr : 3,740 3,610 2,535 2,320 3,065 2,700

Bananas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield,
and Production, Hawaii, 1994-95 1/

Bananas : 930 930 14,700 14,000
Papayas : 2,200 2,435 28,200 20,900
Taro 2/ : 430 550 12,400 12,400

1,000 Pounds

Bananas 13,700 13,000 13,700 13,000
Papayas 3/ 62,000 50,800
Taro 6,100 6,800 6,100 6,800

1/ 1995 revised.
2/ Area harvested is average during the year.
3/ Only utilized production is estimated.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1996 A-13 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type,
State, and United States, 1994-95 1/
Price per Value of
Pound Production

- 1,000 Dollars
Class 1, Flue-cured

Type 11, Old and

Middle Beits

NC 1.705 1.805 273,448 235,661
VA 1.706 1.807 140,370 118,883
US 1.705 1.806 413,818 354,544
Type 12, Eastern NC
Belt :
NC : 1.709 1.800 599,816 505,548
Type 13, NC Border &
SC Belt :
NC : 1.690 1.768 119,906 110,907
sc : 1.690 1.779 182,689 186,795
us : 1.690 1.775 302,595 297,702
Type 14, GA-FL Belt
FL : 1.650 1.762 27,349 31,127
GA : 1.654 1.759 133,412 147,756
US : 1.653 1.759 160,761 178,883
Total 11-14 : 1.698 1.790 1,476,990 1,336,677
Class 2, Fire-cured
Type 21, VA Belt :
VA : 1.612 1.625 3,874 2,503
Type 22, Eastern :
District :
KY : 2.119 2.178 23,110 20,131
TN : 2.090 2.185 43,508 37,945
US : 2.100 2.183 66,618 58,076
Type 23, Western
District :
KY : 2.075 2.145 25,815 20,635
TN : 2.081 2.154 3,671 3,061
us + 2.076 2.146 29,486 23,696
Total 21-23 : 2.069 2.150 99,978 84,275
Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3A, Light
Air-cured
Type 31, Burley
IN 1.852 1.860 28,271 25,298
KY 1.844 1.857 774,480 561,278
MO 1.830 1.834 14,667 10,028
NC 1.821 1.843 31,955 19,258
OH 1.834 1.861 33,672 27,943
TN 1.837 2.845 199,085 134,870
VA 1.832 1.843 38,994 25,544
wy 1.820 1.855 6,461 4,823
us 1.841 1.854 1,127,585 809,042
Type 32, Southern MD
Belt
MD 1.670 20,846 19,163
PA 1.400 8,424 9,044
US 1.573 29,270 28,207
Total 31-32 1.843 1,156,855 837,249
See footnote at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1996 A-16 NASS, USDA