#### Henry H. Lyman, as State Commissioner of Excise, Plaintiff, *v.*John W. Siebert and The United States Guarantee Co., Defendants.

(Supreme Court, Erie Special Term,

April, 1900.)

Xiquor Tax Law — Complaint against surety to recover penalties must show the time when the principal incurred them — Demurrer.

Under a bond conditioned that, if a liquor tax certificate be granted to the principal, he will not, “ while the business for which such liquor tax certificate is given shall be carried on,” violate any previsions of the Liquor Tax Law, a complaint against the surety, f«tj penalties recovered of the principal, is demurrable where it fails to allege the specific time when the violations in question occurred, or that they occurred while the business for which the certificate was given was being carried on.

Demubreb to- plaintiff’s complaint.

Mead *&*Stranahan, for plaintiff.

Peckham, Warner *&*Strong, for defendants.

E-Buse, J.

The plaintiff seeks to recover upon a liquor tax bond the amount of a judgment for fines and penalties recovered for violations against the Liquor Tax Law, by the principal in the bond, the defendant Siebert.

The complaint alleges that on August 16, 1898, Siebert was the holder of a liquor tax certificate to traffic in liquors at a certain place in the city of Buffalo, and about that time made application to permit him to transfer and carry on such business at another place *286in the same city, and did at the same time file the bond made and executed by the defendants, a copy of which is set forth in the complaint, and in effect alleges that the transfer was granted, and that the defendant Siebert at the time thereinafter mentioned trafficked in liquor at the premises by virtue of the transfer so granted. The complaint then alleg’es “ that thereafter, and on or about the 24th day of September, 1898, an action was commenced in the Supreme Court, Erie county, N. Y., in which this plaintiff, as State Commissioner of Excise, was plaintiff, and the defendant, John W. Siebert, was defendant, to' recover the sum of $300 for penalties incurred by said Siebert for violations of the Liquor Tax Law, committed at said premises where said traffic in liquors was carried on under said certificate, as aforesaid, and that thereafter and on or about the 8th day of March, 1899, judgment was entered in said action against said defendant, John W. Siebert, and in favor of this plaintiff, as State Commissioner of Excise, for the sum of $557.39, being the sum of $300 for penalties incurred for violations of the Excise Law, and $257.39 costs and disbursements, as taxed and adjusted in said action, and that no part of said judgment has been paid.”

The bond contains the condition, among others, that if the said liquor tax certificate applied for is given unto the principal, and the principal will not, *while the business for iohieh such liquor tax certificate is given shall be carried*on, violate any of the provisions of the Liquor Tax Law or any act amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto, the said principal will pay all fines or penalties ' incurred or imposed for violations of the Liquor Tax Law, and any judgment or judgments recovered or entered against the said principal for or on account of any such violation of said law, together with all costs taxed or allowed in any action or proceeding brought or instituted under the provisions of said Liquor Tax Law, then the above obligation to be void; otherwise to remain in full force and virtue.

While the complaint alleges that the action was brought to recover for penalties incurred for violations committed “ at said premises where said traffic in liquor was carried on under said certificate as aforesaid,” it is absolutely silent as to the specific time when these violations occurred, or that they occurred while the business for which said liquor tax certificate was given was carried on. Such a violation might have been committed at the premises *287before or after the time covered by this liquor tax certificate, and yet be within the allegations of the complaint.

Whenever time is an essential ingredient in a cause of action, or a particular period of time becomes material, the complaint should he definite and specific in that regard. To entitle the plaintiff to recover, these violations must have occurred while the business for which the liquor tax certificate is given shall have been carried on, as is stated in the bond, otherwise there is no liability, and the complaint should set forth specifically that these violations occurred during this period of time, for otherwise there is no breach of the conditions of the bond, and no liability has been established. I think the complaint is fatally defective in this regard.

The demurrer is sustained, with costs, with leave to the plaintiff to amend his complaint within twenty days after entry of the interlocutory judgment, and notice therefor, upon payment of costs.

Demurrer sustained, with costs, with leave to plaintiff to amend within twenty days after entry of interlocutory judgment, upon payment of costs.