Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released September 12, 2011, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States 

Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Corn Production Down 3 Percent from August Forecast

Soybean Production Up 1 Percent

Cotton Production Up Fractionally

Corn production is forecast at 12.5 billion bushels, down 3 percent from the August forecast but up fractionally from 

2010. If realized, this will be the third largest production total on record for the United States. Based on conditions as of

September 1, yields are expected to average 148.1 bushels per acre, down 4.9 bushels from the August 1 forecast and 

down 4.7 bushels from 2010. If realized, this will be the lowest average yield in the United States since 2005. 

Soybean production is forecast at 3.09 billion bushels, up 1 percent from August but down 7 percent from last year. Based 

on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 41.8 bushels per acre, up 0.4 bushel from last month but down 

1.7 bushels from last year. Compared with last month, yield forecasts are higher in the Central Great Plains and along 

much of the Atlantic Coast. If realized, the forecasted yield in Nebraska will be a record high. Yield forecasts are below 

last month across the Southern Great Plains and portions of the Southeast as hot, dry conditions persisted during August. 

Area for harvest in the United States is forecast at 73.8 million acres, unchanged from August but down 4 percent from 

2010.

All cotton production is forecast at 16.6 million 480-pound bales, up fractionally from last month but down 9 percent 

from last year. Yield is expected to average 807 pounds per harvested acre, down 5 pounds from last year. Upland cotton 

production is forecast at 15.8 million 480-pound bales, down 10 percent from 2010. American Pima production, forecast 

at 737,200 bales, was carried forward from last month.

California navel orange production for the 2011-2012 season is forecast at 1.76 million tons (44.0 million boxes), down 

8 percent from last season’s revised production of 1.92 million tons (48.0 million boxes). This initial forecast is based on 

an objective measurement survey conducted in California’s Central Valley during July and August. Survey results showed 

that the crop is about 3 weeks behind normal.
2 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This report was approved on September 12, 2011.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Kathleen A. Merrigan

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (September 2011) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 .................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Corn Production – United States Chart................................................................................................................................... 7

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 .................................................................................................................................................................. 7

Rice Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................ 8

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................ 10

Soybean Production – United States Chart........................................................................................................................... 11

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................ 11

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2010 and 2011 ........................................................................... 12

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011............................................................... 12

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................ 13

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011 .............................................................................................................................................. 14

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011 .............................................................................................................................................. 15

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and United States: 2010 

and Forecasted September 1, 2011 ....................................................................................................................................... 16

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2011 Crop .............................................................. 18

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Seven-State Total: 2011 Crop.......................................................... 19

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Colorado: 2011 Crop ....................................................................... 19

Utilized Production of Oranges by Crop – States and United States: 2010-2011 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011 ................................................................................................................................................................ 20

Utilized Production of Nuts by Crop – States: 2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011..................................................... 20
4 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units) .........................................................22

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)....................................................................23

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)..............................................................24

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units).........................................................................25

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)....................................................................26

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units).........................................................................27

Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2007-2011 .............................................................................28

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2007-2011 ..............................................................................29

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2007-2011 .......................................................................30

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2007-2011.............................................................................................31

Percent of Normal Precipitation............................................................................................................................................32

Departure from Normal Temperature....................................................................................................................................32

August Weather Summary ....................................................................................................................................................33

August Agricultural Summary ..............................................................................................................................................33

Crop Comments ....................................................................................................................................................................35

Statistical Methodology.........................................................................................................................................................40

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts.........................................................................................................41

Information Contacts.............................................................................................................................................................42
Crop Production (September 2011) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This page intentionally left blank.
6 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama ................................

Arkansas ................................

California ...............................

Colorado ................................

Delaware ...............................

Georgia ..................................

Illinois .....................................

Indiana ...................................

Iowa .......................................

Kansas ...................................

Kentucky ................................

Louisiana ...............................

Maryland ................................

Michigan ................................

Minnesota ..............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Nebraska ...............................

New Jersey ............................

New York ...............................

North Carolina ........................

North Dakota ..........................

Ohio .......................................

Oklahoma ..............................

Pennsylvania .........................

South Carolina .......................

South Dakota .........................

Tennessee .............................

Texas .....................................

Virginia ...................................

Washington ............................

Wisconsin ..............................

Other States 1........................

United States .........................

250

380

180

1,210

173

245

12,400

5,720

13,050

4,650

1,230

500

430

2,100

7,300

670

3,000

8,850

71

590

840

1,880

3,270

340

910

335

4,220

640

2,080

310

125

3,100

397

81,446

240

480

150

1,250

183

300

12,300

5,700

13,750

4,500

1,340

550

450

2,250

7,650

820

3,100

9,650

82

600

830

2,100

3,320

250

930

340

4,800

710

1,600

340

115

3,280

428

84,388

116.0

150.0

195.0

151.0

115.0

145.0

157.0

157.0

165.0

125.0

124.0

140.0

106.0

150.0

177.0

136.0

123.0

166.0

114.0

150.0

91.0

132.0

163.0

130.0

128.0

91.0

135.0

117.0

145.0

67.0

205.0

162.0

160.5

152.8

100.0

150.0

190.0

130.0

125.0

148.0

170.0

150.0

177.0

110.0

145.0

130.0

104.0

142.0

166.0

116.0

126.0

166.0

135.0

130.0

81.0

125.0

158.0

85.0

112.0

60.0

141.0

136.0

112.0

116.0

210.0

159.0

160.3

153.0

105.0

146.0

185.0

127.0

125.0

147.0

161.0

145.0

167.0

105.0

139.0

130.0

104.0

148.0

165.0

114.0

120.0

160.0

130.0

134.0

78.0

125.0

153.0

90.0

114.0

57.0

138.0

137.0

112.0

124.0

215.0

157.0

160.3

148.1

29,000

57,000

35,100

182,710

19,895

35,525

1,946,800

898,040

2,153,250

581,250

152,520

70,000

45,580

315,000

1,292,100

91,120

369,000

1,469,100

8,094

88,500

76,440

248,160

533,010

44,200

116,480

30,485

569,700

74,880

301,600

20,770

25,625

502,200

63,731

12,446,865

25,200

70,080

27,750

158,750

22,875

44,100

1,980,300

826,500

2,296,250

472,500

186,260

71,500

46,800

333,000

1,262,250

93,480

372,000

1,544,000

10,660

80,400

64,740

262,500

507,960

22,500

106,020

19,380

662,400

97,270

179,200

42,160

24,725

514,960

68,600

12,497,070

1 Other States include Arizona, Florida, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will 

be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (September 2011) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas .......................

Colorado ........................

Illinois ............................

Kansas ..........................

Louisiana .......................

Mississippi .....................

Missouri .........................

Nebraska .......................

New Mexico ...................

Oklahoma ......................

South Dakota .................

Texas ............................

Other States 1................

United States .................

35

160

33

2,250

78

10

33

75

68

250

85

1,700

31

4,808

90

130

18

2,250

155

38

35

65

49

130

105

1,300

23

4,388

77.0

47.0

96.0

76.0

95.0

65.0

78.0

90.0

66.0

52.0

62.0

70.0

60.3

71.8

80.0

38.0

85.0

55.0

80.0

80.0

88.0

83.0

45.0

29.0

67.0

50.0

56.2

54.8

88.0

38.0

87.0

55.0

81.0

78.0

80.0

87.0

59.0

23.0

70.0

52.0

48.4

55.6

2,695

7,520

3,168

171,000

7,410

650

2,574

6,750

4,488

13,000

5,270

119,000

1,870

345,395

7,920

4,940

1,566

123,750

12,555

2,964

2,800

5,655

2,891

2,990

7,350

67,600

1,113

244,094

1 Other States include Arizona and Georgia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Billion bushels

Corn Production – United States
8 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011

[Sweet rice acreage included with short grain. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 12010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Long grain

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

Louisiana ......................

Mississippi ....................

Missouri ........................

Texas ............................

United States ................

Medium grain

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

Louisiana ......................

Missouri ........................

Texas ............................

United States ................

Short grain 

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

United States ................

All rice

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

Louisiana ......................

Mississippi ....................

Missouri ........................

Texas ............................

United States ................

1,595

6

500

305

250

185

2,841

195

510

40

3

4

752

1

42

43

1,791

558

540

305

253

189

3,636

940

7

375

155

137

177

1,791

255

540

50

6

6

857

1

44

45

1,196

591

425

155

143

183

2,693

1,590

6

495

303

248

184

2,826

194

505

40

3

4

746

1

42

43

1,785

553

535

303

251

188

3,615

910

7

370

153

122

174

1,736

244

537

50

6

6

843

1

44

45

1,155

588

420

153

128

180

2,624

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (September 2011) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011 (continued)

[Sweet rice production included with short grain. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Class and State

Yield per acre Production

2010

2011

2010 2011 2

August 1 September 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Long grain

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Texas ....................................

United States .........................

Medium grain

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Missouri .................................

Texas ....................................

United States .........................

Short grain 

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

United States .........................

All rice

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Texas ....................................

United States .........................

6,460

5,200

6,110

6,850

6,460

7,200

6,486

6,650

8,200

5,950

7,760

5,500

7,660

6,000

6,200

6,195

6,480

8,020

6,100

6,850

6,480

7,160

6,725

6,850

8,300

6,200

7,200

6,800

7,300

7,114

7,000

8,400

6,400

7,200

7,200

7,500

7,273

102,714

312

30,245

20,756

16,021

13,248

183,296

12,901

41,410

2,380

233

220

57,144

60

2,604

2,664

115,675

44,326

32,625

20,756

16,254

13,468

243,104

119,243

68,622

2,989

80,850

49,392

26,880

11,016

9,216

13,500

190,854

1 Updated from Acreage released June 30, 2011.

2

Indicated September 1, 2011, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data 

become available through the growing season. State estimates by class will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
10 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama ..........................

Arkansas ..........................

Delaware .........................

Georgia ............................

Illinois ...............................

Indiana .............................

Iowa .................................

Kansas .............................

Kentucky ..........................

Louisiana .........................

Maryland ..........................

Michigan ..........................

Minnesota ........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

Nebraska .........................

New Jersey ......................

New York .........................

North Carolina ..................

North Dakota ....................

Ohio .................................

Oklahoma ........................

Pennsylvania ...................

South Carolina .................

South Dakota ...................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

Wisconsin ........................

Other States 1..................

United States ...................

345

3,150

173

260

9,050

5,330

9,730

4,250

1,390

1,020

465

2,040

7,310

1,980

5,070

5,100

92

279

1,550

4,070

4,590

475

495

455

4,140

1,410

185

540

1,630

42

76,616

295

3,170

178

160

8,850

5,290

9,110

3,850

1,500

1,000

445

1,940

7,110

1,780

5,050

4,700

83

282

1,390

4,100

4,680

260

475

390

4,050

1,340

110

550

1,650

35

73,823

26.0

35.0

32.0

26.0

51.5

48.5

51.0

32.5

34.0

41.0

34.0

43.5

45.0

38.5

41.5

52.5

24.0

48.0

26.0

34.0

48.0

25.0

42.0

23.0

38.0

31.0

30.0

26.0

50.5

30.0

43.5

30.0

36.0

32.0

26.0

48.0

43.0

52.0

26.0

40.0

35.0

30.0

41.0

40.0

40.0

39.0

52.0

33.0

42.0

27.0

30.0

44.0

20.0

37.0

24.0

38.0

36.0

20.0

35.0

45.0

31.9

41.4

28.0

37.0

37.0

21.0

48.0

42.0

51.0

27.0

37.0

35.0

35.0

44.0

41.0

40.0

39.0

55.0

33.0

41.0

29.0

30.0

46.0

18.0

42.0

26.0

38.0

34.0

17.0

37.0

45.0

31.9

41.8

8,970

110,250

5,536

6,760

466,075

258,505

496,230

138,125

47,260

41,820

15,810

88,740

328,950

76,230

210,405

267,750

2,208

13,392

40,300

138,380

220,320

11,875

20,790

10,465

157,320

43,710

5,550

14,040

82,315

1,260

3,329,341

8,260

117,290

6,586

3,360

424,800

222,180

464,610

103,950

55,500

35,000

15,575

85,360

291,510

71,200

196,950

258,500

2,739

11,562

40,310

123,000

215,280

4,680

19,950

10,140

153,900

45,560

1,870

20,350

74,250

1,118

3,085,340

1 Other States include Florida and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (September 2011) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Alabama ...........................

Florida ..............................

Georgia ............................

Mississippi ........................

New Mexico ......................

North Carolina ..................

Oklahoma .........................

South Carolina ..................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

United States ....................

190.0

145.0

565.0

19.0

10.0

87.0

22.0

67.0

165.0

18.0

1,288.0

170.0

170.0

475.0

16.0

7.0

82.0

24.0

77.0

110.0

16.0

1,147.0

185.0

135.0

555.0

18.0

10.0

86.0

21.0

64.0

163.0

18.0

1,255.0

167.0

157.0

470.0

15.0

7.0

81.0

23.0

73.0

105.0

16.0

1,114.0

State

Yield per acre Production

2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Alabama ..........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Mississippi .......................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

2,600

3,400

3,560

3,500

3,200

2,800

3,200

3,400

3,600

1,800

3,311

2,800

3,200

3,450

3,400

3,200

3,300

2,900

2,900

3,200

3,300

3,234

2,600

3,000

3,400

3,400

3,000

3,300

3,000

3,000

2,600

3,400

3,104

481,000

459,000

1,975,800

63,000

32,000

240,800

67,200

217,600

586,800

32,400

4,155,600

434,200

471,000

1,598,000

51,000

21,000

267,300

69,000

219,000

273,000

54,400

3,457,900

2.3

2.5

2.7

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.5

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Billion bushels

Soybean Production – United States
12 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2010 and 2011

State

Upland American Pima All

2010 2011 12010 2011 2010 2011 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

 Alabama ........................

 Arizona .........................

 Arkansas .......................

 California .......................

 Florida ...........................

 Georgia .........................

 Kansas ..........................

 Louisiana ......................

 Mississippi ....................

 Missouri ........................

 New Mexico ..................

 North Carolina ...............

 Oklahoma .....................

 South Carolina ..............

 Tennessee ....................

 Texas ............................

 Virginia ..........................

 United States ................

340.0

195.0

545.0

124.0

92.0

1,330.0

51.0

255.0

420.0

310.0

48.0

550.0

285.0

202.0

390.0

5,550.0

83.0

10,770.0

460.0

250.0

680.0

182.0

122.0

1,600.0

78.0

295.0

630.0

375.0

68.0

810.0

415.0

305.0

495.0

7,550.0

116.0

14,431.0

(NA)

2.5

(NA)

182.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2.7

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

17.0

(NA)

204.2

(NA)

11.0

(NA)

260.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

15.0

(NA)

289.0

340.0

197.5

545.0

306.0

92.0

1,330.0

51.0

255.0

420.0

310.0

50.7

550.0

285.0

202.0

390.0

5,567.0

83.0

10,974.2

460.0

261.0

680.0

442.0

122.0

1,600.0

78.0

295.0

630.0

375.0

71.0

810.0

415.0

305.0

495.0

7,565.0

116.0

14,720.0

(NA) Not available.

1 Updated from Acreage released June 30, 2011.

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011

State

Production

2010 2011 1

(1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

United States ........................... 6,098.1 5,562.0

1 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.
Crop Production (September 2011) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2011

Type and State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production 1

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 bales) 2(1,000 bales) 2

Upland

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Kansas ............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

American Pima 3

Arizona ............................

California .........................

New Mexico .....................

Texas ..............................

United States ...................

All 

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Kansas ............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

338.0

193.0

540.0

123.0

89.0

1,315.0

50.0

249.0

410.0

308.0

47.0

545.0

270.0

201.0

387.0

5,350.0

82.0

10,497.0

2.5

180.0

2.7

16.5

201.7

338.0

195.5

540.0

303.0

89.0

1,315.0

50.0

249.0

410.0

308.0

49.7

545.0

270.0

201.0

387.0

5,366.5

82.0

10,698.7

440.0

248.0

660.0

181.0

120.0

1,520.0

67.0

285.0

605.0

365.0

63.0

800.0

100.0

303.0

490.0

3,200.0

115.0

9,562.0

11.0

259.0

3.0

14.5

287.5

440.0

259.0

660.0

440.0

120.0

1,520.0

67.0

285.0

605.0

365.0

66.0

800.0

100.0

303.0

490.0

3,214.5

115.0

9,849.5

682

1,517

1,045

1,483

766

821

787

842

993

1,068

1,174

838

750

898

845

703

732

805

845

1,237

836

902

1,200

682

1,509

1,045

1,337

766

821

787

842

993

1,068

1,156

838

750

898

845

704

732

812

726

1,432

975

1,587

725

870

521

800

936

1,035

977

826

408

788

849

635

989

809

873

1,269

832

894

1,231

726

1,408

975

1,404

725

870

521

800

936

1,035

969

826

408

788

849

636

989

822

698

1,510

1,018

1,485

724

789

595

926

936

1,092

876

720

432

745

823

630

835

794

873

1,269

832

894

1,231

698

1,483

1,018

1,358

724

789

595

926

936

1,092

874

720

432

745

823

631

835

807

480.0

610.0

1,176.0

380.0

142.0

2,250.0

82.0

437.0

848.0

685.0

115.0

951.0

422.0

376.0

681.0

7,840.0

125.0

17,600.0

4.4

464.0

4.7

31.0

504.1

480.0

614.4

1,176.0

844.0

142.0

2,250.0

82.0

437.0

848.0

685.0

119.7

951.0

422.0

376.0

681.0

7,871.0

125.0

18,104.1

640.0

780.0

1,400.0

560.0

181.0

2,500.0

83.0

550.0

1,180.0

830.0

115.0

1,200.0

90.0

470.0

840.0

4,200.0

200.0

15,819.0

20.0

685.0

5.2

27.0

737.2

640.0

800.0

1,400.0

1,245.0

181.0

2,500.0

83.0

550.0

1,180.0

830.0

120.2

1,200.0

90.0

470.0

840.0

4,227.0

200.0

16,556.2

1 Production ginned and to be ginned.

2

480-pound net weight bale.

3 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
14 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 

2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre 1 Production 1

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Florida .......................

Hawaii .......................

Louisiana ..................

Texas ........................

United States ............

392.0

17.4

420.0

48.1

877.5

397.0

17.0

420.0

49.0

883.0

33.1

71.6

27.8

30.5

31.2

34.5

77.4

28.0

34.9

32.3

35.0

77.4

28.0

33.7

32.4

12,972

1,245

11,676

1,467

27,360

13,895

1,316

11,760

1,651

28,622

1 Net tons.

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011

[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(1, 000 acres) (1, 000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

California 1................

Colorado ...................

Idaho .........................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

Montana ....................

Nebraska ..................

North Dakota .............

Oregon ......................

Wyoming ...................

United States ............

25.1

27.9

170.0

147.0

441.0

42.5

47.5

214.0

10.3

30.4

1,155.7

25.0

28.7

178.0

149.0

462.0

43.1

51.0

231.0

8.8

31.0

1,207.6

40.0

29.5

31.0

26.0

26.6

29.5

23.8

26.5

36.3

27.0

27.6

43.0

29.0

32.0

24.6

22.0

25.2

24.5

23.0

35.0

26.0

25.0

43.0

26.0

32.2

24.6

20.5

25.1

24.5

22.0

34.3

25.0

24.2

1,004

823

5,270

3,822

11,731

1,254

1,131

5,671

374

821

31,901

1,075

746

5,732

3,665

9,471

1,082

1,250

5,082

302

775

29,180

1 Relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern 

California.

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

August 1 September 1

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Connecticut 1................

Georgia ........................

Kentucky ......................

Massachusetts 1...........

North Carolina ..............

Ohio 1...........................

Pennsylvania ...............

South Carolina .............

Tennessee ...................

Virginia .........................

United States ...............

2,600

11,400

85,200

950

168,300

2,500

8,500

16,000

22,300

19,750

337,500

2,480

11,500

76,500

650

174,100

1,900

9,700

14,500

24,200

21,900

337,430

1,665

2,400

2,133

1,768

2,095

2,050

2,349

2,250

2,051

2,243

2,130

1,648

2,300

2,207

1,732

2,143

2,000

2,175

1,700

2,243

2,318

2,158

1,648

2,400

2,125

1,732

1,648

2,000

2,252

1,600

2,172

2,234

1,875

4,329

27,360

181,760

1,680

352,625

5,125

19,965

36,000

45,740

44,299

718,883

4,088

27,600

162,570

1,126

286,950

3,800

21,845

23,200

52,570

48,930

632,679

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
Crop Production (September 2011) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2010 

and Forecasted September 1, 2011

Class, type, and State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)

Georgia ............................................................................

North Carolina ..................................................................

South Carolina ..................................................................

Virginia .............................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)

Kentucky ...........................................................................

Tennessee ........................................................................

Virginia .............................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 3A, Light air-cured

Type 31, Burley

 Kentucky .......................................................................

 North Carolina ..............................................................

 Ohio 1...........................................................................

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

 Tennessee ....................................................................

 Virginia .........................................................................

 United States ................................................................

Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt ......................................

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

Total light air-cured (31-32) ............................................

Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)

Kentucky ...........................................................................

Tennessee ........................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 4, Cigar filler

Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

Class 5, Cigar binder

Type 51 Connecticut Valley Broadleaf

 Connecticut 1................................................................

 Massachusetts 1...........................................................

 United States 1..............................................................

Class 6, Cigar wrapper

Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown

 Connecticut 1................................................................

 Massachusetts 1...........................................................

 United States 1..............................................................

Total cigar types (41-61) .................................................

All tobacco

United States ....................................................................

11,400

166,000

16,000

17,500

210,900

8,800

6,200

650

15,650

72,000

2,300

2,500

4,200

15,000

1,600

97,600

2,200

99,800

4,400

1,100

5,500

2,100

1,950

850

2,800

650

100

750

5,650

337,500

11,500

172,000

14,500

19,500

217,500

9,300

7,000

400

16,700

63,000

2,100

1,900

5,000

16,000

2,000

90,000

3,000

93,000

4,200

1,200

5,400

1,700

1,750

520

2,270

730

130

860

4,830

337,430

2,400

2,100

2,250

2,280

2,143

3,300

2,900

2,090

3,091

1,950

1,750

2,050

2,400

1,660

1,900

1,922

2,250

1,929

2,800

2,600

2,760

2,350

1,720

1,800

1,744

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,937

2,130

2,400

1,650

1,600

2,300

1,745

3,300

2,950

1,700

3,115

1,900

1,500

2,000

2,250

1,800

1,700

1,890

2,200

1,900

2,900

2,600

2,833

2,350

1,710

1,790

1,729

1,500

1,500

1,500

1,907

1,875

27,360

348,600

36,000

39,900

451,860

29,040

17,980

1,359

48,379

140,400

4,025

5,125

10,080

24,900

3,040

187,570

4,950

192,520

12,320

2,860

15,180

4,935

3,354

1,530

4,884

975

150

1,125

10,944

718,883

27,600

283,800

23,200

44,850

379,450

30,690

20,650

680

52,020

119,700

3,150

3,800

11,250

28,800

3,400

170,100

6,600

176,700

12,180

3,120

15,300

3,995

2,993

931

3,924

1,095

195

1,290

9,209

632,679

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.
16 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and 

United States: 2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Spring 1

Arizona .......................

California ....................

Florida .........................

 Hastings area ..........

 All other areas .........

North Carolina .............

Texas ..........................

United States ..............

Summer

Colorado .....................

Delaware ....................

Illinois ..........................

Kansas ........................

Maryland .....................

Missouri ......................

New Jersey .................

Texas ..........................

Virginia ........................

Other States ................

United States ..............

3.7

27.1

33.2

21.5

11.7

16.0

8.8

88.8

4.0

1.6

5.8

4.5

2.1

7.3

1.9

6.0

5.8

-

39.0

3.8

29.0

35.4

22.4

13.0

17.0

7.9

93.1

4.5

1.6

7.0

5.0

2.2

(D)

2.0

(D)

6.0

16.9

45.2

3.7

27.0

31.8

20.3

11.5

15.0

8.4

85.9

3.8

1.6

5.6

4.4

2.1

7.2

1.7

5.5

5.6

-

37.5

3.8

29.0

33.7

21.2

12.5

16.5

7.5

90.5

4.4

1.6

6.9

4.8

2.2

(D)

2.0

(D)

5.9

16.4

44.2

280

405

250

250

250

195

235

289

370

275

350

335

340

300

230

390

170

(X)

310

290

370

256

265

240

210

230

283

370

275

380

340

340

(D)

200

(D)

200

289

303

1,036

10,935

7,950

5,075

2,875

2,925

1,974

24,820

1,406

440

1,960

1,474

714

2,160

391

2,145

952

-

11,642

1,102

10,730

8,618

5,618

3,000

3,465

1,725

25,640

1,628

440

2,622

1,632

748

(D)

400

(D)

1,180

4,736

13,386

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (September 2011) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and 

United States: 2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011 (continued)

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Fall 2

California ................................

Colorado .................................

Idaho ......................................

 10 Southwest counties ........

 All other counties ................

Maine .....................................

Massachusetts ........................

Michigan .................................

Minnesota ...............................

Montana .................................

Nebraska ................................

Nevada ...................................

New Mexico ............................

New York ................................

North Dakota ..........................

Ohio ........................................

Oregon ...................................

Pennsylvania ..........................

Rhode Island ..........................

Washington ............................

Wisconsin ...............................

Other States ...........................

United States ..........................

All 

United States ..........................

6.5

55.5

295.0

16.0

279.0

55.0

3.9

44.0

45.0

11.5

19.0

(D)

(D)

16.2

84.0

2.2

35.5

9.5

0.6

135.0

62.5

13.4

894.3

1,022.1

8.6

54.0

320.0

19.0

301.0

56.5

3.6

45.0

49.0

11.0

20.0

(D)

(D)

16.5

83.0

2.1

38.5

9.2

0.6

155.0

63.0

13.0

948.6

1,086.9

6.5

55.2

294.0

16.0

278.0

54.8

3.8

43.5

42.0

11.3

18.6

(D)

(D)

16.0

80.0

2.1

35.5

9.0

0.6

134.0

61.5

13.4

881.8

1,005.2

8.6

53.8

319.0

19.0

300.0

55.5

3.5

44.5

46.0

10.7

19.7

(D)

(D)

16.1

79.0

2.0

38.5

8.7

0.6

155.0

62.0

12.9

936.1

1,070.8

435

390

384

545

375

290

285

360

405

325

415

(D)

(D)

320

275

290

565

245

275

660

395

407

416

401

2,828

21,528

112,970

8,720

104,250

15,892

1,083

15,660

17,010

3,673

7,719

(D)

(D)

5,120

22,000

609

20,058

2,205

165

88,440

24,293

5,252

366,505

402,967

- Represents zero.

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

2

The forecast of fall potato production will be published in Crop Production released November 2011.
18 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fall Potato Varieties Planted

The National Agricultural Statistics Service collects variety data in eight States, accounting for 86 percent of the 

2011 forecasted United States fall potato planted acres. Colorado data are from a growers’ potato variety survey. The 

remaining seven States conduct objective yield surveys where all producing areas are sampled in proportion to planted 

acreage. Variety data shown below are actual percentages from these surveys.

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2011 Crop

[Preliminary. Final percent of major varieties planted will be published in Crop Production released November 2011]

State

and

variety

Percent of

planted

acres

State

and

variety

Percent of

planted

acres

Idaho

Russet Burbank ........................................

R Norkotah ................................................

Ranger R ..................................................

Frito-Lay ...................................................

Umatilla R .................................................

Western R .................................................

Norland .....................................................

Other .........................................................

Maine

Russet Burbank ........................................

Frito-Lay ...................................................

Snowden ...................................................

R Norkotah ................................................

Shepody ...................................................

Superior ....................................................

Norland .....................................................

Reba .........................................................

Goldrush ...................................................

Yukon Gold ...............................................

Innovator ...................................................

Blazer R ....................................................

Atlantic ......................................................

Monona .....................................................

Ontario ......................................................

Katahdin ...................................................

Other .........................................................

Minnesota

Russet Burbank ........................................

Norland .....................................................

Umatilla R .................................................

Alpine ........................................................

Dakota Rose .............................................

Snowden ...................................................

Cascade ...................................................

Modoc .......................................................

Ivory Crisp .................................................

Chieftain ...................................................

Other .........................................................

North Dakota

Russet Burbank ........................................

Norland .....................................................

Ranger R ..................................................

Prospect ...................................................

Bannock ....................................................

Umatilla R .................................................

R Norkotah ................................................

58.2

15.6

14.3

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.0

7.4

43.1

12.5

5.6

5.2

4.1

4.1

3.6

2.7

2.6

2.2

2.0

1.9

1.3

1.1

1.1

1.1

5.8

52.9

21.8

8.0

2.7

1.7

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

7.5

45.0

11.6

6.4

6.0

5.4

4.9

3.7

North Dakota - continued

Dakota Pearl ............................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Modoc ......................................................

Ivory Crisp ................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Red La Soda ............................................

Sangre .....................................................

Other ........................................................

Oregon

R Norkotah ...............................................

Ranger R .................................................

Russet Burbank .......................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Alturas .....................................................

Premier R ................................................

Modoc ......................................................

Atlantic .....................................................

Yukon Gold ..............................................

Pike .........................................................

Other ........................................................

Washington

Russet Burbank .......................................

Umatilla R ................................................

R Norkotah ...............................................

Ranger R .................................................

Alturas .....................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Chieftain ..................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Premier R ................................................

Cal White .................................................

Other ........................................................

Wisconsin

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Russet Burbank .......................................

Norkotah ..................................................

Goldrush ..................................................

Norland ....................................................

Snowden ..................................................

Silverton R ...............................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Atlantic .....................................................

Pike .........................................................

Superior ...................................................

Bannock ...................................................

Mega Chip ...............................................

Other ........................................................

3.1

2.6

2.3

2.2

1.5

1.3

1.2

2.8

22.3

17.9

16.6

9.5

6.8

6.4

5.8

2.5

1.9

1.9

1.7

1.3

5.4

30.5

16.7

14.1

11.1

8.8

3.2

3.1

3.1

2.4

1.0

6.0

23.4

12.5

12.5

10.5

7.6

6.3

5.9

3.6

2.7

2.6

2.3

1.2

1.0

7.9
Crop Production (September 2011) 19

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Seven-State Total: 2011 Crop

[Preliminary. Final percent of major varieties planted will be published in Crop Production released November 2011. Seven-State total includes Idaho, 

Maine, Minnesota, North Dakota, Oregon, Washington, and Wisconsin]

Variety

Percent of

planted

acres

Variety

Percent of

planted

acres

Russet Burbank .....................................

R Norkotah ............................................

Ranger R ...............................................

Umatilla R ..............................................

Frito-Lay ................................................

Norland ..................................................

Alturas ...................................................

Shepody ................................................

Goldrush ................................................

Snowden ...............................................

Premier R ..............................................

Chieftain ................................................

Yukon Gold ............................................

Bannock ................................................

Prospect ................................................

Cal White ...............................................

Atlantic ..................................................

Silverton R .............................................

Dakota Pearl ..........................................

Superior .................................................

Western R .............................................

Modoc ...................................................

Innovator ...............................................

Alpine ....................................................

Pike .......................................................

44.2

12.5

9.9

5.5

4.6

3.9

2.2

1.7

1.1

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.3

Ivory Crisp ............................................

Red LaSoda .........................................

Reba .....................................................

Blazer R ................................................

Dakota Crisp .........................................

Classic ..................................................

Cascade ...............................................

Laratte ..................................................

Klondike Rose ......................................

Sangre ..................................................

Dakota Rose .........................................

Rio Grande R ........................................

Bintje ....................................................

Wisconsin .............................................

Mega Chip ............................................

Monona ................................................

Ontario .................................................

Katahdin ...............................................

Yukon Gem ..........................................

Red Pontiac ..........................................

Keuka Gold ...........................................

Mazama ................................................

Norwis ..................................................

All Blue .................................................

Other ....................................................

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

2.1

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Colorado: 2011 Crop

[Preliminary. Final percent of major varieties planted will be published in Crop Production released November 2011]

Variety

Percent of

planted

acres

Variety

Percent of

planted

acres

R Norkotah ............................................

Canela R ...............................................

Classic ...................................................

Rio Grande R .........................................

Centennial R ..........................................

49.3

11.5

6.6

6.2

4.0

Yukon Gold ...........................................

Blazer R ................................................

R Nugget ..............................................

Other ....................................................

2.2

1.9

1.7

16.6
20 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Oranges by Crop – States and United States: 2010-2011 and

Forecasted September 1, 2011

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. Blank data cells indicate 

estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2010-2011 2011-2012 2010-2011 2011-2012

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Early, mid, and navel 2

California ..............................................

Florida ...................................................

Texas ....................................................

United States ........................................

Valencia

California ..............................................

Florida ...................................................

Texas ....................................................

United States ........................................

All

California ..............................................

Florida ...................................................

Texas ....................................................

United States ........................................

48,000

70,000

1,700

119,700

13,000

69,000

249

82,249

61,000

139,000

1,949

201,949

44,000 1,920

3,150

72

5,142

520

3,105

11

3,636

2,440

6,255

83

8,778

1,760

1 Net pounds per box: California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85.

2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of tangerines 

in Texas and Temples in Florida.

Utilized Production of Nuts by Crop – States: 2010 and Forecasted September 1, 2011

Crop and State

Utilized production

2010 2011

(tons) (tons)

Hazelnuts in-shell basis

Oregon ................................................................

Walnuts in-shell basis

California ............................................................

28,000

503,000

41,000

485,000
Crop Production (September 2011) 21

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This page intentionally left blank.
22 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all ................................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all ............................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all ...........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all ........................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 2....................................................................

2,872

88,192

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,138

390

3,636

1,211

5,404

(NA)

53,603

37,335

2,570

13,698

1,448.8

(X)

421

50.5

1,288.0

2.3

175.0

77,404

1,951.5

10,974.2

10,770.0

204.2

1,171.4

(NA)

(NA)

31.2

1,911.4

756.0

658.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,022.1

88.8

39.0

894.3

(NA)

119.8

(NA)

2,725

92,282

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2,587

320

2,693

1,252

5,345

55,183

41,108

1,398

12,677

1,092.8

(X)

229

26.0

1,147.0

2.0

137.5

74,958

1,756.0

14,720.0

14,431.0

289.0

1,249.6

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,265.2

416.0

470.0

(NA)

1,086.9

93.1

45.2

948.6

132.6

2,465

81,446

5,567

59,862

19,956

39,906

1,263

363

3,615

265

4,808

273

47,637

31,749

2,529

13,359

1,431.0

(X)

418

48.1

1,255.0

2.2

167.7

76,616

1,873.8

10,698.7

10,497.0

201.7

1,155.7

877.5

337.5

17.9

1,842.7

711.4

634.0

(NA)

6.3

31.3

71.3

1,005.2

85.9

37.5

881.8

18.6

116.9

0.5

2,390

84,388

57,605

19,329

38,276

934

2,624

242

4,388

45,924

32,307

1,347

12,270

1,071.4

(X)

224

24.8

1,114.0

1.9

131.5

73,823

1,670.5

9,849.5

9,562.0

287.5

1,207.6

883.0

337.4

15.0

1,190.2

398.8

455.0

30.0

1,070.8

90.5

44.2

936.1

128.2

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres.
Crop Production (September 2011) 23

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

Barley ................................................................................... bushels

Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels

Corn for silage ............................................................................tons

Hay, all .......................................................................................tons

 Alfalfa .....................................................................................tons

 All other ..................................................................................tons

Oats ...................................................................................... bushels

Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels

Rice 1........................................................................................... cwt

Rye ....................................................................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels

Sorghum for silage ......................................................................tons

Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels

 Winter ............................................................................... bushels

 Durum ............................................................................... bushels

 Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

Oilseeds

Canola ...................................................................................pounds

Cottonseed .................................................................................tons

Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels

Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds

Peanuts .................................................................................pounds

Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds

Safflower ...............................................................................pounds

Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels

Sunflower ..............................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1............................................................................... bales

 Upland 1................................................................................ bales

 American Pima 1................................................................... bales

Sugarbeets .................................................................................tons

Sugarcane ..................................................................................tons

Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas 1.................................................................. cwt

Dry edible beans 1....................................................................... cwt

Dry edible peas 1......................................................................... cwt

Lentils 1........................................................................................ cwt

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ......................................................................pounds

Hops ......................................................................................pounds

Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds

Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt

 Spring ...................................................................................... cwt

 Summer ................................................................................... cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................... cwt

Spearmint oil .........................................................................pounds

Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt

Taro (Hawaii) .........................................................................pounds

73.1

152.8

19.3

2.43

3.40

1.95

64.3

31.8

6,725

28.0

71.8

12.5

46.4

46.8

42.4

46.1

1,713

(X)

21.7

870

3,311

1,891

1,320

43.5

1,460

812

805

1,200

27.6

31.2

2,130

1,666

1,726

1,999

1,365

(NA)

1,400

2,093

89

401

289

310

416

125

204

(NA)

70.4

148.1

2.29

3.36

1.75

61.6

7,273

55.6

45.2

46.3

42.4

42.5

(X)

3,104

41.8

807

794

1,231

24.2

32.4

1,875

1,718

2,140

283

303

180,268

12,446,865

107,314

145,556

67,903

77,653

81,190

11,535

243,104

7,431

345,395

3,420

2,208,391

1,485,236

107,180

615,975

2,450,947

6,098.1

9,056

41,861

4,155,600

4,160

221,335

3,329,341

2,735,570

18,104.1

17,600.0

504.1

31,901

27,360

718,883

237

31,801

14,221

8,657

580

8,800

65,492.6

6,363

402,967

24,820

11,642

366,505

2,318

23,845

3,900

168,218

12,497,070

131,998

64,996

67,002

57,489

190,854

244,094

2,076,534

1,497,429

57,130

521,975

5,562.0

3,457,900

3,085,340

16,556.2

15,819.0

737.2

29,180

28,622

632,679

20,451

64,225.6

25,640

13,386

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Yield in pounds.
24 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2.............................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2......................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 3....................................................................

1,162,270

35,690,420

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,269,920

157,830

1,471,450

490,080

2,186,940

(NA)

21,692,600

15,109,100

1,040,050

5,543,440

586,310

(X)

170,370

20,440

521,240

930

70,820

31,324,620

789,750

4,441,150

4,358,510

82,640

474,050

(NA)

(NA)

12,630

773,520

305,950

266,290

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

413,630

35,940

15,780

361,910

(NA)

48,480

(NA)

1,102,780

37,345,600

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,046,930

129,500

1,089,830

506,670

2,163,070

22,332,010

16,636,000

565,760

5,130,260

442,250

(X)

92,670

10,520

464,180

810

55,640

30,334,750

710,640

5,957,040

5,840,080

116,960

505,700

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

512,010

168,350

190,200

(NA)

439,860

37,680

18,290

383,890

53,660

997,560

32,960,380

2,252,910

24,225,550

8,075,990

16,149,560

511,120

146,900

1,462,950

107,240

1,945,750

110,480

19,278,220

12,848,500

1,023,460

5,406,250

579,110

(X)

169,160

19,470

507,890

890

67,870

31,005,730

758,310

4,329,660

4,248,030

81,630

467,700

355,120

136,580

7,240

745,720

287,900

256,570

(NA)

2,550

12,660

28,850

406,790

34,760

15,180

356,860

7,530

47,310

190

967,210

34,150,980

23,312,170

7,822,250

15,489,910

377,980

1,061,910

97,930

1,775,780

18,584,980

13,074,320

545,120

4,965,550

433,580

(X)

90,650

10,040

450,820

770

53,220

29,875,430

676,030

3,985,990

3,869,650

116,350

488,700

357,340

136,550

6,070

481,660

161,390

184,130

12,150

433,340

36,620

17,890

378,830

51,880

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2

Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production (September 2011) 25

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per hectare Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain ......................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 1.............................................................................

 Alfalfa .............................................................................

 All other ..........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain ...............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 1.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower ............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ...........................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ...............................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 1.....................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall .................................................................................

Spearmint oil ......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................

3.93

9.59

43.21

5.45

7.63

4.36

2.31

1.78

7.54

1.76

4.51

28.08

3.12

3.15

2.85

3.10

1.92

(X)

1.36

0.98

3.71

2.12

1.48

2.92

1.64

0.91

0.90

1.34

61.88

69.89

2.39

1.48

1.93

2.24

1.53

(NA)

1.57

2.35

0.10

44.93

32.39

34.80

46.59

0.14

22.86

(NA)

3.79

9.30

5.14

7.54

3.92

2.21

8.15

3.49

3.04

3.12

2.85

2.86

(X)

3.48

2.81

0.90

0.89

1.38

54.17

72.66

2.10

1.93

2.40

31.76

33.94

3,924,870

316,164,930

97,353,620

132,046,180

61,600,570

70,445,620

1,178,470

261,610

11,027,010

188,760

8,773,440

3,102,570

60,102,550

40,421,500

2,916,960

16,764,090

1,111,730

5,532,100

230,030

18,990

1,884,950

1,890

100,400

90,609,810

1,240,830

3,941,700

3,831,950

109,750

28,940,100

24,820,570

326,080

10,750

1,442,470

645,050

392,670

26,310

3,990

29,710

2,890

18,278,280

1,125,820

528,070

16,624,390

1,050

1,081,590

1,770

3,662,510

317,440,200

119,746,570

58,963,380

60,783,190

834,450

8,656,990

6,200,270

56,513,990

40,753,340

1,554,820

14,205,830

5,045,760

1,568,480

83,969,190

3,604,690

3,444,180

160,510

26,471,650

25,965,440

286,980

927,640

29,130

1,163,010

607,180

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Production may not add due to rounding.
26 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2010-2011 season. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2010 2011

(1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ...............................................................tons

Lemons ..................................................................tons

Oranges .................................................................tons

Tangelos (Florida) ..................................................tons

Tangerines and mandarins .....................................tons

Noncitrus

Apples .................................................... 1,000 pounds

Apricots ..................................................................tons

Bananas (Hawaii) .............................................. pounds

Grapes ...................................................................tons

Olives (California) ..................................................tons

Papayas (Hawaii) .............................................. pounds

Peaches .................................................................tons

Pears .....................................................................tons

Prunes, dried (California) .......................................tons

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .................tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) ............................ pounds

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ...................................tons

Pecans, in-shell ................................................. pounds

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ..................................tons

Maple syrup ...................................................... gallons

1,238

882

8,244

41

595

9,301.6

65.4

17,800

7,414.2

195.0

30,100

1,150.3

813.6

127.0

12.1

1,640,000

28

293,740

503

1,960

1,230

940

8,778

52

627

9,511.8

59.2

7,189.4

65.0

1,129.1

888.3

122.0

13.1

1,950,000

41

485

2,794

1 Production years are 2009-2010 and 2010-2011.
Crop Production (September 2011) 27

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2010-2011 season. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2010 2011

(metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ....................................................................

Lemons .......................................................................

Oranges .......................................................................

Tangelos (Florida) .......................................................

Tangerines and mandarins ..........................................

Noncitrus

Apples .........................................................................

Apricots .......................................................................

Bananas (Hawaii) ........................................................

Grapes ........................................................................

Olives (California) ........................................................

Papayas (Hawaii) ........................................................

Peaches ......................................................................

Pears ...........................................................................

Prunes, dried (California) .............................................

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .......................

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .......................................

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................

Pecans, in-shell ...........................................................

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........................................

Maple syrup .................................................................

1,123,090

800,140

7,478,830

37,190

539,770

4,219,140

59,310

8,070

6,726,020

176,900

13,650

1,043,530

738,090

115,210

10,980

743,890

25,400

133,240

456,310

9,800

1,115,840

852,750

7,963,270

47,170

568,800

4,314,480

53,680

6,522,150

58,970

1,024,340

805,850

110,680

11,840

793,790

37,190

439,980

13,970

1 Production years are 2009-2010 and 2010-2011.
28 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during 

2011. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey.

Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Stateand month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Minnesota 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Missouri

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

28,000

28,100

28,100

28,100

27,350

27,350

27,350

27,350

29,100

29,100

29,100

29,100

20,600

20,500

20,500

20,500

29,850

29,800

29,750

29,750

24,200

24,300

24,300

24,300

29,150

29,000

28,950

28,900

28,500

28,350

28,350

28,350

29,300

29,250

29,250

29,250

20,250

20,950

20,950

20,950

30,150

30,100

30,150

30,050

25,700

25,700

25,700

25,700

29,650

29,550

29,600

29,550

28,350

28,400

28,350

28,350

29,500

29,450

29,400

29,400

22,650

22,600

22,600

22,600

30,800

30,600

30,600

30,600

25,700

25,500

25,500

25,500

29,750

29,600

29,650

29,650

28,300

28,350

28,350

28,350

30,050

30,000

29,950

29,950

21,850

21,950

21,950

21,950

29,850

29,750

29,900

29,900

25,700

25,500

25,500

25,500

30,450

29,200

30,850

21,500

30,250

25,850

Nebraska

All corn

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

25,000

25,000

25,000

25,000

27,250

27,250

27,200

27,200

21,350

21,300

21,350

21,350

26,900

26,700

26,600

26,600

23,400

23,100

23,150

23,150

28,800

28,700

28,800

28,800

24,500

24,300

24,250

24,250

27,250

27,350

27,250

27,250

20,000

19,900

19,900

19,900

27,750

27,800

27,800

27,800

22,950

23,100

23,100

23,100

28,800

28,500

28,250

28,250

25,700

25,700

25,700

25,750

28,250

28,250

28,250

28,300

21,750

21,700

21,700

21,700

28,300

28,450

28,200

28,200

24,300

24,250

24,300

24,300

28,150

28,150

27,700

27,650

25,700

25,600

25,550

25,550

27,750

27,600

27,600

27,600

22,350

22,350

22,300

22,300

28,400

28,200

28,200

28,200

24,550

24,450

24,350

24,350

28,600

28,300

28,300

28,300

25,400

28,150

21,250

29,550

25,300

29,000
Crop Production (September 2011) 29

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Stateand month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Indiana

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Iowa

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Kansas 

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Minnesota 

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Missouri

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

27,750

27,750

27,750

27,750

26,950

26,800

26,800

26,800

28,500

28,400

28,450

28,400

20,900

20,800

20,800

20,800

28,850

28,600

28,600

28,600

23,950

23,950

23,950

23,950

28,600

28,500

28,400

28,350

27,950

27,700

27,700

27,700

28,600

28,600

28,600

28,600

19,850

20,600

20,650

20,650

29,900

29,350

29,450

29,400

25,050

25,000

24,900

24,900

29,150

28,900

28,900

28,900

27,950

28,100

28,000

27,950

29,250

29,200

29,200

29,200

22,750

22,650

22,750

22,700

30,250

30,750

30,800

30,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

28,650

28,500

28,550

28,550

27,900

27,750

27,750

27,750

29,450

29,450

29,300

29,300

21,250

21,250

21,250

21,250

29,750

29,600

29,700

29,700

25,100

24,750

24,700

24,700

29,650

27,950

30,100

20,900

29,750

24,600

Nebraska

All corn

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Ohio

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

24,850

24,750

24,750

24,750

27,200

27,000

27,000

27,000

21,100

21,050

21,100

21,100

26,350

26,000

25,950

25,950

23,250

22,700

22,700

22,700

27,800

27,700

27,850

27,850

24,050

23,950

23,900

23,900

26,800

27,000

26,900

26,900

19,550

19,500

19,550

19,550

26,950

27,400

27,250

27,250

24,150

23,900

23,800

23,800

27,750

28,300

27,950

27,900

25,650

25,650

25,600

25,650

27,900

27,950

27,900

27,950

22,100

22,050

22,000

22,000

27,700

27,950

27,650

27,650

26,150

26,050

26,050

26,050

27,500

28,850

28,150

28,100

25,250

25,250

25,100

25,100

27,100

27,100

26,950

26,950

22,350

22,250

22,200

22,200

27,700

27,650

27,650

27,650

24,850

24,800

24,450

24,450

28,700

28,500

28,550

28,550

24,500

26,950

20,800

28,700

25,800

28,650
30 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during 

2011. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State and 

month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 State and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas 1

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

(NA)

1,621

1,665

1,690

1,800

1,796

1,818

1,831

1,667

1,660

1,628

1,641

1,787

1,917

1,933

1,932

1,605

1,524

1,608

1,609

(NA)

1,569

1,723

1,715

1,621

1,893

1,801

1,829

1,608

1,577

1,648

1,659

1,758

1,732

1,770

1,775

1,346

1,487

1,581

1,629

(NA)

1,785

1,794

1,865

1,610

1,672

1,676

1,687

1,516

1,525

1,583

1,594

1,858

1,878

1,868

1,879

1,627

1,759

1,784

1,768

(NA)

1,591

1,805

1,833

1,970

2,090

2,096

2,096

1,878

1,852

1,879

1,879

2,009

2,046

2,054

2,054

1,402

1,392

1,427

1,429

(NA)

1,983

1,607

1,944

1,488

Minnesota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Missouri

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Nebraska

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

North Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

1,558

1,589

1,588

1,588

1,566

1,579

1,685

1,697

1,876

2,042

2,088

2,084

1,323

1,445

1,500

1,497

1,892

1,850

1,909

1,909

1,476

1,492

1,510

1,510

1,466

1,493

1,470

1,472

1,538

1,473

1,673

1,690

1,692

1,766

1,857

1,857

1,261

1,261

1,405

1,405

1,942

1,755

1,618

1,616

1,425

1,465

1,492

1,492

1,456

1,542

1,611

1,581

1,856

1,983

2,083

2,122

1,793

1,878

1,868

1,868

1,208

1,236

1,317

1,318

1,846

1,769

1,757

1,712

1,513

1,642

1,683

1,682

1,679

1,741

1,783

1,783

1,924

1,899

1,986

1,993

1,906

2,109

2,121

2,121

1,375

1,416

1,510

1,510

1,991

2,012

2,022

2,022

1,527

1,622

1,605

1,605

1,670

1,957

2,032

1,337

1,882

1,652

(NA) Not available.

1 September data not available due to plant immaturity.
Crop Production (September 2011) 31

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2011. 

Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and 

measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2007-2011

[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs 

per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State and month 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Georgia

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Louisiana

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Mississippi

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

North Carolina

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Texas

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

790

839

849

849

849

616

570

707

708

708

796

808

841

841

841

819

745

747

747

747

527

601

625

625

625

602

538

631

632

632

943

810

852

846

846

587

613

733

742

742

655

578

579

579

579

909

679

728

722

722

667

652

702

704

704

633

513

579

573

570

1,051

814

803

794

794

571

731

712

737

740

714

792

756

788

788

925

833

717

722

722

701

730

779

777

777

613

522

502

502

502

911

893

897

894

894

609

606

686

683

683

699

755

789

781

781

864

773

776

776

776

681

675

689

689

689

658

534

589

589

589

901

531

938

898

553

540
32 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Production (September 2011) 33

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

August Weather Summary

During August, slightly cooler weather settled across the Corn Belt, while dryness - mainly from Iowa to Indiana –

negatively impacted crop development. In contrast, heavy rain developed in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern States, 

eradicating dryness but causing late-month flooding. Heavy rain from Hurricane Irene fell upon already saturated soils, 

triggering record flooding from the northern Mid-Atlantic region into parts of New England. Irene also caused extensive 

wind damage and power outages on August 27-28 from eastern North Carolina into New England.

Farther south, historically hot, dry conditions persisted in a broad area of the south-central United States, centered on 

Texas. The southern Plains’ pastures and rain-fed summer crops were nearly a total loss, while even irrigated cotton and 

other commodities struggled due to unrelenting heat and drought. Hot, drier-than-normal conditions extended as far east 

as the southern Atlantic States. In fact, the Nation as a whole endured its second-hottest August on record, behind 1983, 

and completed its second-hottest summer, behind only June-August 1936.

Elsewhere, most of the West also experienced a hot, drier-than-normal month. Monsoon showers provided a little 

moisture in the Southwest, while the Northwest noted a dramatic change from the cool, wet conditions that had dominated 

the first seven months of the year. Warm, dry conditions were especially beneficial for small grain maturation and 

harvesting across the northern High Plains and the Northwest.

August Agricultural Summary

While much of the northern United States felt near-normal temperatures during August, average recordings across the 

South were unusually warm. Most notably, temperatures throughout much of Oklahoma and Texas were between 6 and 

8 degrees above average, with isolated locations along the border reaching more than 10 degrees above normal. 

Precipitation was scattered across the country during the month, with much of the South remaining parched while portions 

of the northern and central Great Plains and much of the Northeast and Atlantic Coast States accumulated rainfall totaling 

200 percent or more above normal. Fueled by Hurricane Irene, portions of New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, and 

Pennsylvania totaled rainfall in excess of 16 inches during the month. Conversely, much of Texas received less than 

1 inch of rainfall, compounding the effects of one of the driest summers on record.

August began with the phenological development of this year’s corn crop behind normal. Favorable weather throughout 

much of the month boosted crop maturation. By August 14, silking was 98 percent complete, slightly ahead of the 5-year 

average. Under milder temperatures, double-digit doughing was evident throughout much of the Midwest mid-month. 

One-third of the Nation’s corn crop was at or beyond the dent stage by August 21, four percentage points behind the 

5-year average. The most significant denting delay was evident in Michigan, where progress was over two weeks behind 

normal. With progress complete or nearing completion in many States, 94 percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the 

dough stage by September 4, two percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Boosted by sunshine and warm 

temperatures, 38 percent of the crop entered the dent stage between August 22 and September 4, leaving overall progress 

slightly ahead of normal. Eighteen percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the mature stage by September 4, two 

percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 52 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent 

condition on September 4, compared with 60 percent on August 7 and 69 percent from the same time last year.

By August 7, heading of the sorghum crop was 52 percent complete, well behind both last year and the 5-year average. In 

Texas, some producers were baling their fields for hay due to a severe lack of soil moisture and poor crop development. 

With heading approximately one week behind normal and coloring just beginning in fields in Kansas, the largest 

sorghum-producing State, 32 percent of the Nation’s crop was at or beyond the coloring stage by August 14, three 

percentage points behind normal. One-quarter of the sorghum crop was at or beyond the mature stage, although progress 

was limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas. Hot, dry weather in the southern Great Plains negatively 

impacted crop growth, while at the same time, rapidly maturing the portion of the crop that managed to produce a head. 

By August 28, crop maturity was 27 percent complete, slightly ahead of the 5-year average. With harvest underway in 

6 of the 11 major estimating States, 22 percent of this year’s sorghum crop was out of the fields by September 4, slightly 

behind the 5-year average. Overall, 25 percent of the sorghum crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

September 4, compared with 27 percent on August 7 and 62 percent from the same time last year.
34 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Producers had harvested half of this year’s oat crop by August 7, eighteen percentage points behind last year and 

13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest was just beginning in North Dakota. Mostly sunny skies favored 

mid-month fieldwork in States where harvest was not complete or nearly complete. With harvest winding down in most 

States except North Dakota, 94 percent of the oat crop was out of the Nation’s fields by September 4, one week behind the 

5-year average. In North Dakota, favorable weather conditions provided ample time for fieldwork during the week, yet 

harvest remained 13 days behind normal.

Heading of the barley crop was 96 percent complete by August 7, over one week behind the 5-year average. Harvest was 

underway in three of the five major estimating States, with delays of 20 percentage points or more evident in all States 

except Idaho. With approximately 6 days suitable for fieldwork, producers in Montana and Minnesota began harvesting 

during the week ending August 14. Harvest advanced quickly as producers in Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, and North 

Dakota ramped up fieldwork during the latter half of the month to help gain ground on what has been a slower than 

normal crop year. By September 4, seventy-one percent of the barley crop was harvested, 10 percentage points behind the 

average. Overall, 65 percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent condition on September 4, compared 

with 72 percent on August 7.

By August 7, winter wheat harvest was complete or nearly complete across much of the major growing areas; however, 

seeding and developmental delays earlier in the season had left progress across the Northern Tier 10 days or more behind 

normal. Despite favorable weather conditions that promoted a rapid harvest pace in the Northwest throughout the month, 

overall progress remained well behind the average. Nationally, 97 percent of the winter wheat crop was harvested by 

August 28, one week behind normal.

Following a slow seeding pace and cool, wet weather that hampered crop development throughout much of the growing 

season, 96 percent of the spring wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by August 7, nearly two weeks behind the 

5-year average. Producers had harvested 6 percent of the Nation’s crop, 18 percentage points behind the 5-year average, 

with the most significant delays evident across the Northern Tier. Warmer temperatures and mostly sunny skies promoted 

a rapid harvest pace during the second half of the month; however, overall progress remained well behind normal. By 

September 4, producers in the six major estimating States had harvested 68 percent of this year’s spring wheat crop, 

13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 61 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to 

excellent condition on August 28, compared with 66 percent on August 7.

Despite above average temperatures aiding a rapid crop maturity pace, heading of this year’s rice crop was 58 percent 

compete by August 7, seven percentage points behind the 5-year average. Favorable growing conditions promoted good 

development of California’s crop mid-month. Harvest was underway in the lower Delta and Texas by August 21, and had 

advanced to 18 percent complete by August 28, slightly behind normal. The most significant delay was evident in 

Arkansas, where producers were busy treating fields for stinkbugs and draining fields in preparation for harvest. With 

warm, dry weather favoring fieldwork and crop development, producers in California began harvesting their crop during 

the week ending September 4. Overall, 64 percent of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

September 4, compared with 66 percent on August 7 and 68 percent from the same time last year.

With blooming nearing completion in some areas and favorable growing conditions promoting double-digit development 

in others, 87 percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the blooming stage by August 7, two percentage points behind 

the 5-year average. Despite rapid pod development across much of the major producing region mid-month, progress was 

well behind both last year and normal in many States. In Iowa, some soybean fields were reported as turning color during 

the week ending August 21. Nationwide, 97 percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the pod setting stage by 

September 4, slightly behind the 5-year average, with leaves dropping on 6 percent of this year’s acreage, 7 percentage 

points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 56 percent of the soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

September 4, compared with 61 percent on August 7 and 64 percent from the same time last year. Limited rainfall and 

warmer than normal temperatures in areas of the Corn Belt led to a decline in crop conditions during late August.

As August began, peg development in this year’s peanut crop remained behind normal. In Georgia, hot temperatures and 

dry soils limited peg development and affected calcium uptake in many fields early in the month. Scattered rainfall during 

the month aided peg development in many areas, and by August 21, ninety-six percent of the Nation’s crop was at or 

beyond the pegging stage, on par with the 5-year average. Early-planted fields in Florida were reported as being close to 
Crop Production (September 2011) 35

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

harvest with pod blasting underway. Overall, 38 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

September 4, compared with 43 percent on August 7 and 60 percent from the same time last year.

Ninety-five percent of the Nation’s cotton crop was at or beyond the squaring stage by August 7, slightly behind the 

5-year average. Scattered showers in northern Texas early in the month promoted increased crop development in areas of 

the High Plains, but did little to alleviate the long-term dryness that had negatively impacted crop conditions and caused 

portions of the crop to shed bolls. Increased rainfall in portions of the Delta and Southeast benefitted the developing crop. 

Nationwide, bolls were setting on 96 percent of this year’s cotton acreage by August 28, two percentage points ahead of 

the 5-year average. Toward month’s end, producers in the Northern Plains of Texas were preparing to defoliate their 

fields. With activity limited to Arizona, Mississippi, and Texas, 7 percent of this year’s cotton crop was harvested by 

September 4, slightly ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Overall, 28 percent of the cotton crop was reported 

in good to excellent condition on September 4, compared with 30 percent on August 7 and 60 percent from the same time 

last year. Unusually dry weather left much of the cotton crop in the southern Great Plains in very poor or poor condition. 

Conversely, strong winds and heavy rainfall associated with Hurricane Irene left much of Virginia’s crop battered.

Crop Comments

Corn: Area harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 84.4 million acres, unchanged from August but up 

4 percent from 2010. 

As of September 4, fifty-two percent of the corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition in the 18 major 

producing States, down 10 percentage points from one month earlier and down 17 percentage points compared to the 

same time last year. Condition ratings declined from last month throughout much of the Nation’s major corn producing 

regions due to above average temperatures and dry conditions during the month of August.

The September 1 corn objective yield data indicate the second highest number of ears per acre on record for the combined 

10 objective yield States (Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

Wisconsin), only behind the record year of 2009. Record high ear counts are forecast in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and 

Wisconsin.

Unusually hot weather persisted across the central Plains, Midwest, and Southeast during the first week of August, 

promoting rapid crop development while negatively impacting crop conditions. Beneficial rains were reported in the 

extreme northern corn-producing areas, while most of the Midwest received little to no rainfall. Milder temperatures and 

increased rainfall moved into much of the Great Plains and Corn Belt during the middle of the month. As of August 14, 

virtually all of the Nation’s corn acreage had reached the silking stage with 52 percent in dough. During the latter part of 

August, milder weather and scattered showers were reported in parts of the Corn Belt, benefitting late planted corn. 

However, unusually hot weather and continued dry conditions in many locations continued to negatively impact the crop. 

By September 4, ninety-four percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the dough stage, 3 percentage points behind last 

year’s pace but 2 points ahead of the 5-year average. Denting had advanced to 71 percent, 13 percentage points behind 

last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Eighteen percent of the acreage was considered mature at this time.

Sorghum: Production is forecast at 244 million bushels, up 1 percent from last month but down 29 percent from last year. 

If realized, this will be the lowest production level since 1956. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 4.39 million acres, 

unchanged from August 1 but down 9 percent from 2010. If realized, this will be the lowest harvested acreage level since 

1936. Based on September 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 55.6 bushels per acre, up 0.8 bushel from last month but down 

16.2 bushels from last year.

As of September 4, the sorghum crop had progressed to 30 percent mature, 2 points ahead of last year but unchanged from 

the 5-year average. Harvest progress had reached 22 percent, 3 points ahead of last year but 1 point behind average. 

Forty-four percent of the crop was rated in very poor to poor condition, unchanged from last month but a 33 percent 

decline from this time last year. Hot, dry weather in the major sorghum growing regions has significantly impacted the 

yield potential of this year’s crop.
36 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice: Production is forecast at 191 million cwt, up 1 percent from August but down 21 percent from last year. Based on 

administrative data, planted area is now estimated 2.69 million acres, up 1 percent from the June estimate but down 

26 percent from 2010. Area for harvest is expected to total 2.62 million acres, down 1 percent from August and 27 percent 

lower than 2010. The average United States yield is forecast at 7,273 pounds per acre, up 159 pounds from last month and 

548 pounds from last year. 

Record-high yields are expected in Missouri and Louisiana. If realized, production in Arkansas will be the lowest since 

1997, while yield will be the second highest on record. Growers have abandoned 69,000 acres, the highest abandonment 

since 1993, largely the result of excessive flooding in Arkansas and Missouri that destroyed newly planted fields. In 

California, cooler than normal temperatures during the growing season delayed crop development, and by September 4, 

only sixty-five percent of the crop was headed, 24 points behind the 5-year average. 

Harvest was underway in all rice-producing States by September 4, with 28 percent of the United States acreage 

harvested, 16 percentage points behind last year and 1 point behind the 5-year average. Sixty-four percent of the United 

States acreage was rated in good to excellent condition as of September 4, compared with 68 percent a year earlier.

Soybeans: Area for harvest is forecast at 73.8 million acres, unchanged from August but down 4 percent from 2010. 

Harvested area, if realized, will be the sixth largest on record.

The September objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, 

Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a lower pod count 

compared with last year, as late planting this spring has led to slower than normal development throughout the growing 

season. Compared with final counts for 2010, pod counts are down in all States except Kansas and South Dakota. The 

largest decrease from 2010’s final pod count is expected in Indiana, down 272 pods per 18 square feet.

As the month of August began, 34 percent of the soybean crop was setting pods, eleven percentage points behind the 

5-year average. The developmental delays continued throughout the month and by September 4, ninety-seven percent of 

the soybean crop was at or beyond the pod-setting stage, 2 points behind last year and 1 point behind normal. By 

September 4, six percent of the Nation’s crop was dropping leaves, 11 percentage points behind last year and 7 points 

behind normal.

As of September 4, fifty-six percent of the United States soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 

8 percentage points behind the same week in 2010. Good to excellent ratings decreased across much of the soybean 

growing region during August, with declines in condition ratings of 10 points or more in Illinois, Iowa, Kentucky, 

Louisiana, and Tennessee as hot, dry weather persisted. 

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.46 billion pounds, down 4 percent from the August forecast and down 17 percent 

from last year. Based on administrative data, planted area, at 1.15 million acres, is down slightly from the June estimate 

and down 11 percent from the previous year. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.11 million acres, down slightly from 

August and 11 percent lower than 2010. Yields are expected to average 3,104 pounds per acre, down 130 pounds from 

August and 207 pounds from last year.

Harvest was underway at the end of August in Florida and South Carolina. While yields continued to suffer from high 

temperatures and extreme drought conditions in many peanut-producing States, Hurricane Irene brought beneficial rainfall 

to the North Carolina and Virginia peanut crops at the end of the month. As of September 4, thirty-eight percent of the 

United States crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 60 percent the same time last year. In Texas, 

where the drought is most extreme, 50 percent of the peanut crop was rated in very poor to poor condition, compared with 

only 1 percent last year.

Cotton: Area planted to Upland cotton is estimated at 14.4 million acres, up 7 percent from June and up 34 percent from 

last year. Harvested area is expected to total 9.56 million acres, up 2 percent from last month but down 9 percent from 

2010. If realized, this will be a record high abandonment rate. American Pima planted area is estimated at 289,000 acres, 

up 42 percent from last year. Expected harvested area, at 287,500 acres, is up 43 percent from the previous year.
Crop Production (September 2011) 37

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Drought conditions throughout portions of the Cotton Belt have negatively impacted this year’s crop. Texas cotton has 

been especially hard hit due to the State experiencing one of the most severe droughts in recorded history. As of 

September 4, forty-four percent of the United States cotton acreage was rated in very poor to poor condition compared 

with 12 percent this time last year. Forty-two percent of the crop had bolls opening by September 4, two points ahead of 

last year and 10 points ahead of the 5-year average.

With Hurricane Irene making landfall in late-August, farmers in North Carolina and Virginia were assessing the extent of 

the damage from the storm. In Texas, there were reports of cotton plants shedding bolls due to prolonged dry weather. 

Segments of the Southeastern growing region received some precipitation in August, while other areas remained dry and 

in need of moisture. The northern portion of the Delta region experienced favorable growing conditions in August, while 

hot, dry weather persisted in the south. Objective yield data in Texas forecasted bolls per acre and boll weights to be down 

from last year.

Cotton ginning got off to a quick start due to hot, dry weather in Texas. By September 1, running bales ginned in Texas 

totaled 824,600, the highest September 1 total since 2000.

Tobacco: United States all tobacco production for 2011 is forecast at 633 million pounds, down 13 percent from last 

month and 12 percent below 2010. Area harvested is forecast at 337,430 acres, slightly above last month but virtually 

unchanged from last year. Yields for 2011 are expected to average 1,875 pounds per acre, down 283 pounds from August 

and 255 pounds less than 2010.

Flue-cured tobacco production is expected to total 379 million pounds, 18 percent below the previous forecast and 

16 percent below 2010. Severe crop damage on the East Coast due to Hurricane Irene was reported by growers.

Burley production is expected to total 170 million pounds, down 5 percent from the previous month and 9 percent below 

last year. Kentucky growers reported that wet spring weather delayed setting in most areas. Also, dry weather and extreme 

heat in late-July and August slowed plant growth.

Fire-cured tobacco production is expected to total 52.0 million pounds, slightly below last month’s forecast but up 

8 percent from the 2010 crop. Tennessee growers reported that the crop lost yield potential due to very dry conditions 

during August.

Southern Maryland Belt tobacco production in Pennsylvania is expected to total 6.60 million pounds, up 2 percent from 

last month and 33 percent above 2010.

Dark air-cured tobacco is expected to total 15.3 million pounds, down 1 percent from the previous forecast but 1 percent 

above 2010. 

All Cigar type production is expected to total 9.21 million pounds, up 7 percent from the previous forecast but down 

16 percent from 2010. In Connecticut and Massachusetts, much of the tobacco had been harvested before the Tropical 

Storm Irene made its way through the region. 

Summer potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 13.4 million cwt, up 11 percent from the July forecast 

and 15 percent above 2010. Harvested area is estimated at 44,200 acres, up 14 percent from the previous forecast and 

18 percent above last year. Average yield is forecast at 303 cwt per acre, down 10 cwt from July and 7 cwt from 2010.

Growers in Virginia reported near ideal growing conditions. In Missouri, growers reported that excessive moisture 

followed by heat negatively impacted yields in some areas.

Fall potatoes, 2010: Production of 2010 fall potatoes is finalized at 367 million cwt, 7 percent below the 2009 crop. Area 

harvested, at 881,800 acres, decreased 4 percent from 2009. The average yield, at 416 cwt per acre decreased 3 percent, or 

13 cwt per acre from 2009.
38 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

All potatoes, 2010: Final production of potatoes from all four seasons in 2010 totaled 403 million cwt, down 7 percent 

from 2009. Area harvested is estimated at 1.01 million acres, down 3 percent from a year earlier. Average yield, at 

401 cwt per acre, was down 13 cwt from 2009.

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed is forecast at 28.6 million tons, down fractionally from the 

August 1 forecast but up 5 percent from 2010. Production increases from last year are expected in all estimating States. 

Producers intend to harvest 883,000 acres for sugar and seed in 2011, down 6,000 acres from the previous forecast. 

Producers in Hawaii are expected to harvest 17,000 acres for sugar and seed. If realized, this will be a record low for the 

State. Expected yield for the United States is forecast at 32.4 tons per acre, up 0.1 ton from the August 1 forecast.

Recent rains in Louisiana and Florida have improved crop conditions. Hawaii and Texas continue to experience drought 

conditions.

Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2011 crop year is forecast at 29.2 million tons, down 9 percent from last 

year. Producers expect to harvest 1.21 million acres, down 1 percent from the previous forecast. Expected yield is forecast 

at 24.2 tons per acre, a decrease of 3.4 tons from last year.

Much of the growing region has experienced less than ideal growing conditions. Wet weather coupled with reports of 

disease and hail damage resulted in reduced yields from the previous forecast in half of the reporting States. Minnesota, 

which accounts for 32 percent of the total United States production, is forecasting 891 thousand tons less than the 

previous forecast, which if realized will be a 19 percent drop from last year’s final production.

Florida citrus: In the citrus growing areas, weather stations reported highs in the 90s and lows mostly in the 70s. Summer 

weather patterns brought thunderstorms and scattered showers to the citrus producing region throughout the month. 

Weekly rainfall totals in most areas ranged from less than one to more than five inches. Drought conditions improved with 

severe drought conditions only present on the northeastern shore of Lake Okeechobee. In well cared for groves, next 

year’s citrus crop was in good condition. Next season’s oranges were almost baseball sized, and next season’s grapefruit 

were approaching softball sized.

Production practices included marking and pushing unproductive trees, irrigation, herbicide spraying, mowing, some 

hedging and topping, and brush removal. Growers are now focusing on psyllid control using both aerial and ground 

spraying.

California citrus: Packing of Valencia oranges, tangelos, grapefruits, and lemons continued. The development of the new 

Navel crop was reported to be slightly behind normal. Oranges were exported from Fresno County to areas in the 

Caribbean and Asia. Fertilizing and irrigating dominated the grove activities during the month.

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: The table grape harvest continued in the San Joaquin Valley with the main 

varieties of Summer Royals, Crimson, Princess, and Flame Seedless being picked. The wine grape harvest was underway 

in some areas, while the raisin grapes continued to develop. Mildew continued to be a problem in grape and berry fields. 

Peaches, nectarines, plums, pears, and pluots continued to be harvested throughout the State. Prunes were reported to be 

developing well. Scale treatments were applied in olive orchards as the crop progressed well. Olive set was reported to be 

extremely light. Stone fruit harvest continued at a steady pace. Blueberries and strawberries were being picked in the 

San Joaquin Valley. Cherry orchards were pruned. Dried-plum growers prepared for harvest. Apples, kiwis, and 

pomegranates were growing well. Weed control continued in orchards.

Shaking and harvesting in a few orchards of Nonpareil almond varieties began as hull splitting continued and final hull 

split sprays were applied in later varieties. Codling moth and husk fly sprays were ongoing in walnut orchards as the crop 

continued to develop. Pistachio and pecan orchards showed good development.

Hazelnuts: Production in Oregon is forecast at 41,000 tons, up 46 percent from last year’s final production of 

28,000 tons. Historically, hazelnut orchards exhibit alternate bearing patterns. Few defective nuts were found in samples

that were processed in the lab.
Crop Production (September 2011) 39

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The September forecast is based on the hazelnut objective yield survey conducted annually in Oregon. The average size 

per good nut was 5.61, and the percentage of good nuts analyzed in the laboratory was 80.1. Brown stained nuts remained 

low, totaling less than 1 percent of the nuts sampled. 

The complete report is available at: 

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/Oregon/Publications/Fruits_Nuts_and_Berries/hazelpr11.pdf

Walnuts: California production is forecast at 485,000 tons, down 4 percent from last year’s 503,000 tons. Bearing 

acreage, at 227,000, remains unchanged from the previous year. The September forecast is based on the walnut objective 

measurement survey conducted August 1 through August 24, 2011.

Survey data indicated an average nut set per tree of 1,388, down 18 percent from 2010's average of 1,690. Percent of 

sound kernels in-shell was 97.8 Statewide. In-shell weight per nut was 23.6 grams, while the average in-shell suture 

measurement was 32.7 millimeters. The average length in-shell was 39.4 millimeters.

This year’s growing season was very similar to the 2010 growing season with adequate chilling hours and above average 

rainfall. The blooming period was shortened due to cold spring temperatures in March and April. A generally mild 

summer led to a crop of excellent quality. Harvest was expected to start a few days later than last year.

The complete report is available at: 

http://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/California/Publications/Fruits_and_Nuts/201109walom.pdf
40 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology

Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 25 and September 7 to 

gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and soybeans were 

conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States production. Farm 

operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample 

plots in selected fields for the objective yield survey (corn, cotton, and soybeans). The counts made within each sample 

plot depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants is recorded along with other 

measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used 

with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to 

obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After 

the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. 

Approximately 13,000 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. 

These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields.

Estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Field Office submits an analysis of the 

current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to 

prepare the published September 1 forecasts. 

Revision policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each 

month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing 

season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. 

Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of 

planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered 

the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in 

September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains 

Annual report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. 

Revisions to planted acres will only be made when special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service Agency 

program “sign up” data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production 

forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the September 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean 

Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the 

final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing 

recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is 

5.2 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final 

estimate by more than 5.2 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not 

exceed 9.1 percent.

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the September 1 

forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the September 1 forecast and the final 

estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 379 million bushels, ranging from 19 million bushels to 892 million 

bushels. The September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 13 times and above 7 times. This does not imply that 

the September 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production (September 2011) 41

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts

[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop Root mean

square error

90 percent

confidence

interval

Difference between forecast

and final estimate

Production Years

Average Smallest Largest Below

final

Above

final

(percent) (percent) (millions) (millions) (millions) (number) (number)

Corn for grain ..................................... bushels

Rice .......................................................... cwt

Sorghum for grain .............................. bushels

Soybeans for beans ........................... bushels

Upland cotton 1...................................... bales

5.2

3.7

8.1

5.3

7.2

9.1

6.5

14.0

9.1

12.4

379

6

29

127

1,069

19

(Z)

1

33

225

892

16

114

288

2,366

13

13

8

12

11

7

7

12

8

9

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

1 Quantity is in thousands of units.
42 Crop Production (September 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch .......................................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section ...................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

 Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice........................................................................................................ (202) 720-7688

 Bryan Durham – Oats, Rye, Wheat.................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Steve Maliszewski – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................................................ (202) 720-5944

 Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet ......................................................................... (202) 720-9526

 Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay .................................................................................... (202) 720-7621

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..................................................................(202) 720-7369

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................(202) 720-2127

 Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries......................................(202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...............................................(202) 720-4288

 Chris Hawthorn – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits.........................................(202) 720-5412

 Dave Losh – Hops............................................................................................................................(360) 709-2400 

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ..................................................(202) 720-3250

 Daphne Schauber – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ...............................................(202) 720-4285

 Erika White – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts .......................................................(202) 720-4215
Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:

 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov

 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free 

subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Receive NASS Updates” box under “Receive reports by 

Email,” click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive. 

 Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free 

(800) 999-6779, or (703) 605-6220 if calling from outside the United States or Canada. Accepted methods of 

payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 

7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

 

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the 

basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental 

status, religion, sexual orientation, political beliefs, genetic information, reprisal, or because all or a part of an individual's 

income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with 

disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) 

should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Office of the Assistant 

Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Stop 9410, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call toll-free at 

(866) 632-9992 (English) or (800) 877-8339 (TDD) or (866) 377-8642 (English Federal-relay) or (800) 845-6136 

(Spanish Federal-relay). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
USDA Data Users’ Meeting

Monday October 17, 2011

Crowne Plaza Chicago-Metro

Chicago, Illinois 60661

312-829-5000

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an open forum for data 

users. The purpose will be to provide updates on pending changes in the various statistical and 

information programs and seek comments and input from data users. Other USDA agencies to 

be represented will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service, 

the Foreign Agricultural Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board. The Foreign Trade 

Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting.

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting, see the NASS 

homepage at http://www.nass.usda.gov/meeting/ or contact Marie Jordan (NASS) at 

202-690-8141 or at marie_jordan@nass.usda.gov.

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes an Industry Outlook Meeting that will be held at the same 

location on Tuesday October 18, 2011. The Outlook meeting brings together analysts from 

various commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional 

information for the Industry Outlook Meeting, see the Livestock and Marketing Information 

Center (LMIC) homepage at http://www.lmic.info/ or contact Erica Rosa 303-236-0461 at 

rosa@lmic.info or Laura Lahr 303-236-0464 at lahr@lmic.info.