Cr Pr 2-2 (6-06)

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released June 9, 2006, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of

Agriculture. For information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Winter Wheat Production Down 4 Percent from May

All Orange Production Unchanged

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.26 billion bushels, down 4 percent from the May 1 forecast and

16 percent below 2005. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 40.5 bushels per acre, down

1.9 bushels from last month and 3.9 bushels less than last year. Grain area totals 31.2 million acres,

unchanged from May 1.

Hard Red production is down 8 percent from a month ago to 659 million bushels. Soft Red is up slightly from

last month and now totals 357 million bushels. White production totals 248 million bushels, down 2 percent

from last month. Of the White production total, 19.7 million bushels are Hard White and 228 million bushels

are Soft White.

The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2005-06 season is 8.96 million tons, unchanged from the May 1 forecast

but 3 percent below last season's final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast, at 153 million boxes

(6.89 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 2 percent above the 2004-05 utilization. 

Early, midseason, and navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 75.0 million boxes (3.38 million tons),

unchanged from last month but 5 percent below the previous season. Harvest of the early, midseason, and

navel varieties is complete. Florida’s Valencia forecast is 78.0 million boxes (3.51 million tons), unchanged

from the May 1 forecast but 10 percent above last season's final utilization. The row count survey conducted

May 31-June 1 shows approximately 70 percent of the Valencia rows have been harvested. This is the lowest

percent harvested to this point in over 10 seasons. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts

are carried forward from April 1.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 2005-06 season, at 1.63 gallons per box at

42.0 degrees Brix, is increased from the 1.62 gallons estimated last month and 1.58 gallons last season, as

reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The early-midseason yield is final at 1.53 gallons,

unchanged from last month and equal to last season. The Valencia yield, at 1.76 gallons, is increased from

1.73 gallons projected last month and is higher than the 1.68 gallons per box recorded from the 2004-05 crop. 

All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of the past

several seasons.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 2 NASS, USDA

This report was approved on June 9, 2006.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Charles F. Conner

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Carol C. House
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Grains & Hay

Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

Sugarbeets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Sugarcane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts

Apricots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Cherries, Sweet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Peaches ...........................................................................6

Pears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Prunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Maple Syrup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Citrus Fruits 

Grapefruit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Lemons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Oranges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Tangelos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Tangerines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Temples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops

Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Crop Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

Reliability of Production Data in this Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 4 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2005 2006 2005

2006

2005 2006

May 1 Jun 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

MD

MI

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WI

Oth

 Sts 1

US

160

300

2,200

51

140

730

600

340

9,500

300

140

590

65

540

2,100

1,760

95

435

830

4,000

780

145

165

1,490

150

3,000

160

1,800

175

1,053

33,794

300

220

2,000

46

130

710

870

450

9,400

310

130

580

70

870

1,950

1,650

120

440

960

3,100

760

155

125

1,250

190

1,300

170

1,800

235

886

31,177

52.0

72.0

24.0

70.0

52.0

91.0

61.0

72.0

40.0

68.0

66.0

66.0

50.0

54.0

45.0

39.0

54.0

57.0

71.0

32.0

61.0

54.0

52.0

44.0

56.0

32.0

63.0

67.0

57.0

40.3

44.4

54.0

60.0

27.0

51.0

45.0

90.0

63.0

69.0

34.0

68.0

60.0

68.0

55.0

53.0

42.0

38.0

56.0

48.0

69.0

22.0

55.0

51.0

45.0

45.0

56.0

27.0

56.0

68.0

63.0

36.9

42.4

55.0

70.0

23.0

46.0

47.0

86.0

65.0

69.0

31.0

68.0

55.0

68.0

55.0

53.0

39.0

34.0

59.0

48.0

68.0

22.0

55.0

51.0

48.0

38.0

58.0

25.0

56.0

68.0

63.0

36.9

40.5

8,320

21,600

52,800

3,570

7,280

66,430

36,600

24,480

380,000

20,400

9,240

38,940

3,250

29,160

94,500

68,640

5,130

24,795

58,930

128,000

47,580

7,830

8,580

65,560

8,400

96,000

10,080

120,600

9,975

42,459

1,499,129

16,500

15,400

46,000

2,116

6,110

61,060

56,550

31,050

291,400

21,080

7,150

39,440

3,850

46,110

76,050

56,100

7,080

21,120

65,280

68,200

41,800

7,905

6,000

47,500

11,020

32,500

9,520

122,400

14,805

32,670

1,263,766

 1 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be

published in the “Small Grains 2006 Summary.”
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 5 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

2005 2006 2005

2006

2005 2006

May 1 Jun 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 2

US

79

69

585

1,950

33

2,716

70

60

100.0

95.0

28.0

35.0

61.2

37.2

100.0

95.0

100.0

100.0

7,900

6,555

16,380

68,250

2,020

101,105

7,000

6,000

 1 Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in “Acreage” released June 30, 2006. Yield and production

will be published in “Crop Production” released July 12, 2006. 2 Other States include ID and SD. Individual State level estimates will be published in the “Small Grains 2006 Summary.”

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2004-2005

and Forecasted June 1, 2006 1 2

Year

Winter

Hard

Red

Soft

Red

Hard

White 3

Soft

White 3

All

White

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

 2004

 2005

 2006

856,211

929,820

658,551

380,305

309,021

357,342

25,279

19,734

235,009

228,139

262,918

260,288

247,873

Spring

Hard Total

Red

Hard

White 3

Soft

White 3

All

White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

 2004

 2005

 2006

525,467

466,587 4,530 33,339

43,451

37,869

89,893

101,105

2,158,245

2,104,690

 1 Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. 2 Spring wheat production by class and total production will be published in “Crop Production” released July 12, 2006. 3 Individual Hard White and Soft White estimates not available prior to 2005.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 6 NASS, USDA

Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State, and Total,

2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006

State

Total Production

2004 2005 2006 1

Tons Tons Tons

 CA

 OR

 WA

 Total

73,000

43,000

134,000

250,000

52,700

28,000

138,000

218,700

45,000

50,000

150,000

245,000

 1 The first production forecast for sweet cherries in ID, MI, NY, and UT and tart cherries in MI, NY, OR, PA, UT, WA, and WI

will be published in the “Cherry Production” report released on June 22, 2006. The first estimate for sweet cherries in MT will be

released in January 2007.

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, State, and Total,

2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006

State

Total Production

2004 2005 2006

Tons Tons Tons

CA

 All

 Clingstone 1

 Freestone

GA

SC

Total

975,000

539,000

436,000

52,500

70,000

1,097,500

869,000

484,000

385,000

40,000

75,000

984,000

760,000

380,000

380,000

50,000

60,000

870,000

 1 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 7 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

2003-04, 2004-05 and Forecasted June 1, 2006 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early, Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless 5

 FL

 Colored Seedless

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 4 6

 CA 4 6

 FL

 US

Lemons 4

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

300

39,500

126,000

1,420

167,220

170

11,000

116,000

230

127,400

470

50,500

242,000

1,650

294,620

1,400

15,900

25,000

140

5,800

40,900

5,700

52,540

690

2,200

6,500

9,390

3,000

18,000

21,000

1,000

240

43,000

79,100

1,500

123,840

190

20,500

70,700

270

91,660

430

63,500

149,800

1,770

215,500

650

3,400

9,400

140

5,800

12,800

6,600

25,340

400

2,800

4,450

7,650

2,400

19,000

21,400

1,550

250

42,000

75,000

1,300

118,550

200

11,000

78,000

230

89,430

450

53,000

153,000

1,530

207,980

700

6,500

12,800

100

6,000

19,300

4,800

30,200

550

4,000

5,500

10,050

3,800

19,000

22,800

1,400

12

1,481

5,670

60

7,223

6

413

5,220

10

5,649

18

1,894

10,890

70

12,872

63

675

1,063

5

194

1,738

228

2,165

25

83

309

417

114

684

798

45

9

1,613

3,560

64

5,246

7

769

3,182

11

3,969

16

2,382

6,742

75

9,215

29

145

400

5

194

545

264

1,008

15

105

211

331

91

722

813

70

9

1,575

3,375

55

5,014

8

413

3,510

10

3,941

17

1,988

6,885

65

8,955

32

276

544

3

201

820

192

1,216

21

150

261

432

144

722

866

63

 1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos-90;

Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small

quantities of tangerines in TX. 4 Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 5 Includes seedy. 6 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 8 NASS, USDA

Bartlett Pears: Total Production by State and Total,

2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006

State

Total Production

2004 2005 2006

Tons Tons Tons

CA

OR

WA

Total

223,000

63,000

171,000

457,000

164,000

58,000

170,000

392,000

195,000

60,000

185,000

440,000

Miscellaneous Fruits, California: Total Production by Crop,

2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006

Crop

Total Production

2004 2005 2006

Tons Tons Tons

Prunes (Dried Basis)

Apricots

49,000

94,000

90,000

75,500

145,000

37,000

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2005-2006

Month

Area Fresh Production 1

Total in Crop Harvested 2005 2006

2005 2006 2005 2006

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Apr

May

2,505

2,500

2,045

2,000

1,440

1,440

1,770

1,740

2,700

2,740

1,885

1,960

 1 Utilized fresh production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 9 NASS, USDA

Hops: Area Harvested by Variety, State, and United States,

2004-2005 and Forecasted June 1, 2006

State

and

Variety

Area Harvested Strung for Harvest

2004 2005 1 2006

Acres Acres Acres

ID

 Total 2

OR

 Cascade

 Glacier

 Golding

 Millenium

 Mt. Hood

 Nugget

 Perle

 Sterling

 Willamette

 Other Varieties

 Total

WA

 Ahtanum

 Cascade

 Centennial

 Chelan

 Chinook

 Cluster

 Columbus/Tomahawk R

 Galena

 Glacier

 Golding

 Hallertauer

 Millenium

 Mt. Hood

 Northern Brewer

 Nugget

 Perle

 Sterling

 Summit R

 Willamette

 YCR-4(Palisade R)

 YCR-5(Warrior R)

 Zeus

 Other Varieties

 Total

 US

3,253

91

243

105

264

215

1,286

259

222

2,175

247

5,107

 -

1,422

 -

201

492

449

3,029

3,417

 -

36

46

1,124

39

65

807

47

 -

 -

3,542

 -

793

2,903

970

19,382

27,742

3,287

62

231

105

295

219

1,363

 -

276

2,273

339

5,163

50

1,168

112

212

489

463

2,812

3,869

48

37

48

1,115

51

 -

1,062

 -

93

 -

4,102

54

584

3,736

908

21,013

29,463

2,777

 -

 *

117

258

113

1,500

 -

109

2,301

638

5,036

55

1,116

 -

505

382

352

2,505

3,859

17

53

49

910

44

 -

1,100

 -

75

66

4,400

54

414

4,009

1,150

21,115

28,928

 1 2005 Revised. 2 Only State totals will be published for Idaho to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

- Included in Other Varieties to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

* Zero

R

 Registered.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 10 NASS, USDA

Sugarbeets: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, Production,

Price, and Value by State and United States, 2004-2005 1

State

Area Planted Area Harvested Yield

2004 2005 2 2004 2005 2 2004 2005 2

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons

CA

CO

ID

MI

MN

MT

NE

ND

OH 3

OR

WA

WY

US

49.1

36.0

195.0

165.0

486.0

53.7

49.8

256.0

1.9

12.9

3.8

36.4

1,345.6

44.4

36.4

169.0

154.0

491.0

53.9

48.4

255.0

9.8

1.7

36.2

1,299.8

48.9

33.5

192.0

163.0

470.0

52.1

47.5

246.0

1.7

12.6

3.8

35.6

1,306.7

44.1

34.3

167.0

152.0

460.0

49.9

45.3

243.0

9.7

1.7

35.9

1,242.9

40.8

25.0

28.7

21.1

20.9

21.7

22.1

19.7

21.8

31.4

37.9

22.8

23.0

38.9

24.3

27.1

21.3

20.4

22.9

20.4

18.9

32.1

40.6

22.3

22.2

Production Price per Ton Value of Production

2004 2005 2 2004 2005 4 2004 2005 4

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CA

CO

ID

MI

MN

MT

NE

ND

OH 3

OR

WA

WY

US

1,995

838

5,510

3,439

9,823

1,131

1,050

4,846

37

396

144

812

30,021

1,715

833

4,526

3,238

9,384

1,143

924

4,593

311

69

801

27,537

37.90

36.30

37.10

26.40

37.80

40.80

39.90

39.50

26.40

37.10

37.10

41.70

36.90

75,611

30,419

204,421

90,790

371,309

46,145

41,895

191,417

977

14,692

5,342

33,860

1,106,878

 1 Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except CA. In CA, relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in

central CA and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern CA. 2 Revised. 3 No acreage reported in 2005. 4 Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in

“Agricultural Prices” released July 31, 2006. State estimates will be published in “Crop Values” to be released February 2007.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 11 NASS, USDA

Sugarcane: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price,

and Value by State and United States, 2004-2005

State

Area Harvested Yield 1 Production 1

2004 2005 2 2004 2005 2 2004 2005 2

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Tons Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

For Sugar

 FL

 HI

 LA

 TX

 US

For Seed

 FL

 HI

 LA

 TX

 US

For Sugar

 and Seed

 FL

 HI

 LA

 TX

 US

385.0

21.8

430.0

42.7

879.5

21.0

1.4

35.0

1.3

58.7

406.0

23.2

465.0

44.0

938.2

376.0

21.7

420.0

40.5

858.2

25.0

2.5

35.0

1.9

64.4

401.0

24.2

455.0

42.4

922.6

34.9

90.8

23.8

37.3

31.0

40.2

33.5

23.8

35.0

30.2

35.2

87.3

23.8

37.3

30.9

31.4

80.7

22.9

38.3

28.8

37.6

25.0

22.9

38.3

29.2

31.8

75.0

22.9

38.3

28.8

13,437

1,979

10,234

1,593

27,243

844

47

833

46

1,770

14,281

2,026

11,067

1,639

29,013

11,806

1,751

9,618

1,551

24,726

940

63

802

73

1,878

12,746

1,814

10,420

1,624

26,604

For Sugar For Sugar and Seed

Price per Ton Value of Production Value of Production 3

2004 2005 4 2004 2005 4 2004 2005 4

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

FL

HI

LA

TX

US

30.30

31.10

25.30

27.70

28.30

407,141

61,547

258,920

44,126

771,734

432,714

63,009

279,995

45,400

821,118

 1 Yield and production refer to net weight. 2 Revised. 3 Price per ton of cane for sugar used in evaluating value of production for seed. 4 Estimates are not available. U.S. marketing year average price, value of production, and parity price will be published in

“Agricultural Prices” released July 31, 2006. State estimates will be published in “Crop Values” to be released February 2007.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 12 NASS, USDA

Maple Syrup: Taps, Yield, and Production

by State and United States, 2005-2006 1

State Number of Taps Yield per Tap Production

2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006

1,000 Taps 1,000 Taps Gallons Gallons 1,000 Gallons 1,000 Gallons

CT

ME

MA

MI

NH

NY

OH

PA

VT

WI

US

63

1,300

240

390

365

1,420

355

428

2,140

400

7,101

61

1,315

245

375

355

1,530

360

449

2,170

400

7,260

0.159

0.204

0.167

0.149

0.156

0.156

0.194

0.143

0.192

0.125

0.175

0.164

0.228

0.163

0.208

0.180

0.165

0.217

0.147

0.212

0.250

0.200

10

265

40

58

57

222

69

61

410

50

1,242

10

300

40

78

64

253

78

66

460

100

1,449

 1 2005 revised.

Maple Syrup: Price and Value

by State and United States, 2004-2005 1

State

Average Price

per Gallon

Value of

Production

2004 2005 2004 2005

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CT

ME

MA

MI

NH

NY

OH

PA

VT

WI

US

51.70

19.40

46.30

38.00

35.40

28.20

32.00

29.00

27.30

32.30

28.40

50.00

21.50

51.20

36.00

41.30

31.70

36.00

31.50

27.80

32.40

29.90

569

5,626

2,315

3,040

2,938

7,191

2,496

1,740

13,650

3,230

42,795

500

5,698

2,048

2,088

2,354

7,037

2,484

1,922

11,398

1,620

37,149

 1 Price and value for 2004 are revised. Price and value for 2006 will be published in “Crop

Production” released June 2007.

Maple Syrup: Season by State, 2005-2006

State

Date Season

Opened 1

Date Season

Closed 2

Average Season

Length 3

2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006

Date Date Date Date Days Days

CT

ME

MA

MI

NH

NY

OH

PA

VT

WI

US

Feb 2

Feb 14

Feb 2

Feb 1

Feb 1

Jan 27

Feb 1

Jan 20

Feb 4

Feb 12

Jan 15

Jan 20

Jan 25

Jan 1

Jan 30

Jan 14

Jan 15

Jan 1

Jan 15

Feb 20

Apr 15

Apr 29

Apr 19

Apr 28

Apr 23

May 1

Apr 18

Apr 30

Apr 30

Apr 21

Apr 14

Apr 26

Apr 30

May 2

Apr 29

Apr 27

Apr 18

Apr 29

Apr 30

Apr 29

34

23

21

16

21

23

27

28

24

18

24

36

27

28

21

26

27

28

32

29

23

28

 1 Approximately the first day that sap was collected. 2 Approximately the last day that sap was collected. 3 The average number of days that sap was collected.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 13 NASS, USDA

Maple Syrup: Price by Type of Sales and Size of Container

by State, 2004-2005 1

Type

and

State

Gallons 1/2 Gallons Quarts Pints 1/2 Pints

2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005

Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars

Retail

 CT

 ME

 MA

 MI

 NH

 NY

 OH

 PA

 VT

 WI

Wholesale

 CT

 ME

 MA

 MI

 NH

 NY

 OH

 PA

 VT

 WI

39.10

36.60

34.80

32.70

34.30

32.20

28.70

29.50

31.70

28.60

33.30

29.00

29.20

25.70

27.70

25.60

26.80

26.00

28.40

26.00

39.30

35.00

37.50

34.20

36.60

32.50

31.20

29.30

32.30

30.60

34.10

30.00

30.10

29.00

30.00

26.50

26.20

27.50

27.60

33.00

22.20

19.90

19.70

19.10

19.50

17.80

17.60

17.10

18.50

16.10

16.40

15.90

16.60

16.70

16.60

16.70

14.20

14.20

16.40

15.20

23.00

19.70

22.10

18.90

21.10

18.80

18.40

18.00

19.60

16.80

17.00

15.90

16.80

16.40

17.10

16.10

16.50

15.60

16.70

17.10

13.50

10.60

11.70

10.60

11.20

10.50

10.40

10.00

11.40

8.70

9.00

8.60

9.00

8.70

9.60

7.80

8.00

8.20

9.40

8.30

13.30

11.10

13.10

10.30

12.10

11.10

10.70

10.60

11.60

9.10

10.30

8.50

9.60

8.60

9.90

8.80

8.50

8.60

9.50

9.10

8.40

6.50

7.00

6.20

7.00

6.50

6.50

6.00

7.10

5.30

5.30

4.70

5.50

5.00

5.30

4.90

4.80

5.00

5.60

5.40

8.20

6.80

8.80

6.50

7.30

6.90

6.60

6.10

7.40

5.70

5.30

4.80

5.50

4.60

5.70

5.20

5.80

4.70

5.40

5.30

5.20

4.40

4.00

3.90

4.10

3.90

4.50

3.90

4.60

3.50

3.50

3.30

3.40

3.20

3.10

3.00

3.30

3.50

3.50

3.00

4.70

4.00

5.50

4.20

4.70

4.40

4.50

4.30

4.90

4.20

4.00

4.00

3.60

3.50

3.30

3.20

3.80

3.90

3.40

3.00

Bulk All Grades Bulk All Grades All Sales

2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005

Dollars per Pound Dollars per Pound Dollars per Gallon Dollars per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon Equivalent per Gallon

Bulk

 CT 2

 ME

 MA

 MI

 NH

 NY

 OH

 PA

 VT

 WI

1.10

1.60

1.50

1.75

1.40

1.40

1.55

1.35

1.60

1.50

1.90

1.65

1.80

1.60

1.70

2.00

1.60

1.70

1.70

12.10

17.60

16.50

19.20

15.40

15.30

17.20

15.00

17.60

16.50

20.70

18.10

19.30

17.50

18.90

21.60

17.90

18.70

19.20

51.70

19.40

46.30

38.00

35.40

28.20

32.00

29.00

27.30

32.30

50.00

21.50

51.20

36.00

41.30

31.70

36.00

31.50

27.80

32.40

 1 Prices for 2004 are revised. Prices for 2006 will be published in “Crop Production” released June 2007. 2 Data not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

Maple Syrup: Percent of Sales by Type and State, 2004-2005

State

Retail Wholesale Bulk

2004 2005 2004 2005 2004 2005

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

CT

ME

MA

MI

NH

NY

OH

PA

VT

WI

85

3

55

60

50

50

61

55

30

42

80

2

65

48

65

45

63

56

30

42

10

2

30

23

25

19

14

11

10

16

10

1

20

28

20

22

17

16

10

23

5

95

15

17

25

31

25

34

60

42

10

97

15

24

15

33

20

28

60

35
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 14 NASS, USDA

Sweet Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield,

and Production by State and United States, 2004-2005 1

State

Area Planted Area Harvested

2004 2005 2004 2005

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

AL

CA

LA

MS

NJ

NC

SC

TX

VA

US

2.8

11.5

16.0

16.0

1.2

45.0

1.0

3.0

0.4

96.9

2.7

11.7

18.0

17.4

1.2

36.0

0.9

2.7

0.4

91.0

2.3

11.5

15.5

15.3

1.2

43.0

0.8

2.8

0.4

92.8

2.5

11.7

17.0

17.3

1.2

35.0

0.8

2.6

0.3

88.4

Yield Production

2004 2005 2004 2005

Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AL

CA

LA

MS

NJ

NC

SC

TX

VA

US

165

280

150

170

140

160

120

140

125

174

150

285

145

180

130

170

160

65

125

178

380

3,220

2,325

2,601

168

6,880

96

392

50

16,112

375

3,335

2,465

3,114

156

5,950

128

169

38

15,730

 1 2005 revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 15 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2005-2006

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2005 2006 2005 2006

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3,875.0

81,759.0

4,246.0

565.0

3,384.0

1,433.0

6,454.0

57,229.0

40,433.0

2,760.0

14,036.0

1,159.0

983.0

49.0

1,657.0

2.4

165.0

72,142.0

2,709.0

14,245.4

13,975.0

270.4

1,299.8

42.5

1,665.0

808.0

450.0

1,110.0

20.0

68.0

53.4

968.6

91.0

3,667.0

78,019.0

4,324.0

2,972.0

6,483.0

57,128.0

41,404.0

1,825.0

13,899.0

923.0

890.0

1,391.0

76,895.0

2,196.0

14,634.0

14,300.0

334.0

1,371.8

1,710.3

17.7

71.1

94.2

3,269.0

75,107.0

5,920.0

61,649.0

22,389.0

39,260.0

1,823.0

515.0

3,364.0

279.0

5,736.0

311.0

50,119.0

33,794.0

2,716.0

13,609.0

1,114.0

955.0

44.6

1,629.0

2.0

160.0

71,361.0

2,610.0

13,802.6

13,534.0

268.6

1,242.9

922.6

298.1

24.5

1,568.6

765.9

439.0

6.1

0.1

29.5

76.0

1,087.4

19.8

66.7

51.4

949.5

17.7

88.4

0.4

61,478.0

31,177.0

306.6

28.9

17.5

69.7

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2006 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 16 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2005-2006

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Units

Yield Production

2005 2006 2005 2006

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu

“

Tons

“

“

“

Bu

“

Cwt

Bu

“

Tons

Bu

“

“

“

Lbs

Tons

Bu

Lbs

“

“

“

Bu

Lbs

Bales

“

“

Tons

“

Lbs

Cwt

“

“

“

“

Lbs

“

“

“

Cwt

“

“

“

“

Lbs

Cwt

Lbs

64.8

147.9

18.0

2.44

3.38

1.91

63.0

26.3

6,636

27.0

68.7

13.6

42.0

44.4

37.2

37.1

1,419

20.6

787

2,960

1,500

1,203

43.3

1,540

831

825

1,127

22.2

28.8

2,171

1,253

1,744

1,828

1,176

1,050

42,500

1,791

92

388

247

281

342

401

109

178

40.5

264

296

211,896

11,112,072

106,311

150,590

75,771

74,819

114,878

13,545

223,235

7,537

393,893

4,218

2,104,690

1,499,129

101,105

504,456

1,580,985

8,172.1

19,695

35,114

4,821,250

3,000

192,545

3,086,432

4,018,355

23,890.2

23,259.7

630.5

27,537

26,604

647,278

307

27,350

14,003

5,163

755

6,400

5,100

52,914.5

6,980

422,209

4,892

18,724

17,567

381,026

1,933

15,730

4,300

1,263,766

4,615

20,646

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2006 crop year. 2 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 17 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2004-2006

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Units

Production

2004 2005 2006

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts (OR)

 Pecans

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Tons

“

“

“

“

“

1,000 Lbs

Tons

Lbs

Tons

“

Lbs

Tons

“

“

“

Lbs

Tons

Lbs

Tons

Gals

2,165

798

12,872

45

417

63

10,450.6

101.1

16,500.0

6,240.0

104.0

35,800.0

1,307.1

877.3

49.0

25.0

1,005,000

37.5

185,800

325.0

1,507

1,008

813

9,215

70

331

29

9,869.6

81.4

20,900.0

6,974.9

139.0

32,900.0

1,182.6

812.3

90.0

8.7

915,000

28.0

259,600

355.0

1,242

1,216

866

8,955

63

432

32

145.0

1,020,000

1,449

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2006 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2005-06 season. 2 Production years are 2003-04, 2004-05, and 2005-06.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 18 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2005-2006

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

2005 2006 2005 2006

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4

1,568,170

33,087,050

1,718,310

228,650

1,369,470

579,920

2,611,870

23,160,000

16,362,830

1,116,940

5,680,230

469,040

397,810

19,830

670,570

970

66,770

29,195,150

1,096,310

5,764,970

5,655,540

109,430

526,020

17,200

673,810

326,990

182,110

449,210

8,090

27,520

21,610

391,980

36,830

1,484,000

31,573,510

1,749,880

1,202,740

2,623,610

23,119,130

16,755,780

738,560

5,624,790

373,530

360,170

562,920

31,118,640

888,700

5,922,230

5,787,070

135,170

555,150

692,140

7,160

28,770

38,120

1,322,930

30,395,050

2,395,760

24,948,730

9,060,600

15,888,130

737,750

208,420

1,361,380

112,910

2,321,300

125,860

20,282,660

13,676,090

1,099,140

5,507,430

450,820

386,480

18,050

659,240

810

64,750

28,879,080

1,056,240

5,585,770

5,477,070

108,700

502,990

373,370

120,630

9,910

634,800

309,950

177,660

2,470

50

11,960

30,760

440,060

8,010

26,990

20,800

384,250

7,160

35,770

150

24,879,530

12,617,020

124,090

11,710

7,080

28,210

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2006 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 19 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2005-2006

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

2005 2006 2005 2006

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3

3.49

9.29

40.26

5.48

7.59

4.27

2.26

1.47

7.44

1.70

4.31

30.40

2.82

2.98

2.50

2.49

1.59

1.29

0.88

3.32

1.68

1.35

2.91

1.73

0.93

0.92

1.26

49.67

64.64

2.43

1.40

1.95

2.05

1.32

1.18

47.64

2.01

0.10

43.52

27.69

31.46

38.31

44.98

0.12

19.94

2.73

29.56

33.20

4,613,490

282,259,630

96,443,720

136,612,950

68,738,290

67,874,660

1,667,450

307,200

10,125,770

191,450

10,005,340

3,826,510

57,280,270

40,799,610

2,751,630

13,729,040

717,120

7,413,600

500,280

15,930

2,186,880

1,360

87,340

83,998,910

1,822,700

5,201,480

5,064,200

137,280

24,981,150

24,134,740

293,600

13,930

1,240,580

635,170

234,190

34,250

2,900

2,310

24,000

3,170

19,151,080

221,900

849,310

796,830

17,283,050

880

713,500

1,950

34,394,070

209,330

936,490

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2006 crop year. 2 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 20 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2004-2006

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Production

2004 2005 2006

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Noncitrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA) (shelled)

 Hazelnuts (OR)

 Pecans

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

1,964,050

723,930

11,677,280

40,820

378,300

57,150

4,740,310

91,740

7,480

5,660,860

94,350

16,240

1,185,790

795,840

44,450

22,680

455,860

34,020

84,280

294,840

7,530

914,440

737,540

8,359,710

63,500

300,280

26,310

4,476,780

73,800

9,480

6,327,520

126,100

14,920

1,072,840

736,930

81,650

7,890

415,040

25,400

117,750

322,050

6,210

1,103,140

785,620

8,123,840

57,150

391,900

29,030

131,540

462,660

7,240

 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2006 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2005-06 season. 2 Production years are 2003-04, 2004-05, and 2005-06.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 21 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 22 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 23 NASS, USDA

May Weather Summary

The majority of the Nation experienced drier-than-normal May weather, promoting winter wheat development

and summer crop planting. There were some notable exceptions, however, such as flooding in New England,

wet weather in the Great Lakes region, showery conditions in the Northwest, and brief but unseasonably

heavy rain in parts of California. Briefly heavy showers notwithstanding, California’s weather pattern favored

recovery from earlier fieldwork and crop developmental delays. However, California’s rice emergence was

still significantly behind normal by month’s end. Meanwhile, showers in the Northwest aided small grains,

but heat in the Southwest stressed rangeland, increased irrigation demands, and set the stage for an active

wildfire season. Farther east, winter wheat conditions deteriorated on the Plains due to hot, often dry weather. 

Short-term dryness was most pronounced in Nebraska and South Dakota, where some locations reported

record-low May rainfall. Conditions for the Plains’ winter wheat and spring-sown crops remained most

favorable in Montana, but stress on pastures, immature wheat, and rain-fed summer crops gradually increased

elsewhere. In the Midwest, drier-than-normal weather across the southern and western Corn Belt contrasted

with soggy conditions in much of the Great Lakes region. Corn and soybean planting rapidly advanced in the

drier areas of the Midwest, although emerged summer crops were in need of additional rain. In contrast, rain

slowed soybean and final corn planting in the eastern Corn Belt. Even wetter conditions prevailed in New

England, where downpours resulted in extensive mid-month flooding across parts of Massachusetts and New

Hampshire. Heavy rain also caused local flooding in the western Gulf Coast region, where previously dry

conditions were suddenly replaced by a late-month deluge. Elsewhere in the South, weather conditions

generally favored late-spring fieldwork and crop development, although pastures and summer crops were in

need of rain in the southern Atlantic States and in most areas from the lower Mississippi Valley westward.

A 3-week cool spell held monthly temperatures below normal across the eastern Corn Belt and much of the

East. Cool weather was most persistent in the Mid-Atlantic States, where readings averaged as much as

4 degrees F below normal. From the Plains westward, an early-month chill was replaced by a long spell of

hot weather, which lasted for nearly 2 weeks beginning in mid-May. Monthly temperatures ranged from 4 to

6 degrees F above normal at numerous locations in the Great Basin and the Southwest. Departures would

have been more pronounced, but a late-month temperature reversal resulted in cooler conditions in the West

and an early-season heat wave from the Midwest into the East.

May Agricultural Summary

Temperatures were below normal across the central and eastern Corn Belt, Ohio River Valley, and middle and

southern Atlantic Coast States, while above-normal temperatures prevailed elsewhere. Emergence and growth

of summer crops progressed well under warm conditions in the western Corn Belt and northern and central

Great Plains. Meanwhile, precipitation was below normal across most of the Nation, with the exception of the

Pacific Coast, the Great Lakes region, and New England, where heavy rainfall caused local flooding early in

the month but improved pasture and range conditions. Dry weather in the northern half of the Great Plains

favored planting but caused winter wheat condition to deteriorate. The southern Great Plains saw some

precipitation early in the month but little improvement in winter wheat condition.

Corn growers continued to plant their crop ahead of normal. Ninety-seven percent of the acreage had been

planted by month’s end, 1 percentage point behind last year’s rapid pace but 4 points ahead of normal. Warm,

mostly dry weather allowed rapid progress in the northern Great Plains, where North and South Dakota

growers planted 80 and 85 percent of their acreage, respectively, during the month. Emergence also

progressed ahead of the normal pace, reaching 85 percent on May 28, compared with 83 percent last year and

77 percent for the 5-year average. Progress was at or ahead of normal in all States, except Indiana and

Kansas. In Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, and Ohio, 80 percent or more of the crop began emerging during the

month. At month’s end, 70 percent of the crop was rated in good or excellent condition, compared with

62 percent good or excellent last year.

Sorghum seeding also progressed ahead of normal throughout the month. On April 30, twenty-eight percent

of the acreage had been planted, 9 points ahead of last year and 8 points ahead of normal. After limited

progress in early May, planting accelerated after mid-month, advancing 20 points in the final 2 weeks. On

May 28, planting was 54 percent complete, 5 points ahead of last year and 2 points ahead of normal. Progress

was most rapid in Nebraska, where growers planted two-thirds of their acreage during the month. Planting

was ahead of normal in all States, except Colorado and Kansas.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 24 NASS, USDA

Oat planting progressed ahead of the normal pace in all States. By May 21, ninety-seven percent of the

acreage had been seeded, compared with 98 percent last year and 94 percent for the 5-year average. 

Emergence also progressed ahead of normal, reaching 95 percent by month’s end, 1 point ahead of last year

and 6 points ahead of normal. At that time, heading had begun on 25 percent of the acreage, 1 point ahead of

both last year and the 5-year average. Excluding Texas, where oats are planted in the fall, Nebraska’s crop

was the most advanced, with 20 percent of the acreage at or beyond the heading stage.

Early in the month, barley planting trailed behind the normal pace. However, warm, dry conditions across all

growing areas allowed rapid progress during the month. By month’s end, 97 percent of the crop had been

sown, 2 points ahead of last year and 3 points ahead of normal. Planting was complete in Washington and

was at or ahead of the normal pace in all States. Meanwhile emergence trailed behind normal through

mid-month, but surpassed the normal pace in the final 2 weeks. On May 28, emergence had begun on

80 percent of the acreage, 2 points behind last year but 5 points ahead of normal. In North Dakota, the largest

growing State, progress was 15 points ahead of normal.

Winter wheat heading progressed ahead of normal throughout the month. At month’s end, 79 percent of the

acreage was at or beyond the heading stage, compared with 78 percent last year and 77 percent for the 5-year

average. The most rapid progress was in the Ohio Valley, where 84 percent of Indiana’s crop and 87 percent

of Ohio’s crop entered the heading stage during the month. Though nationwide estimates of harvest progress

were not available during May, Texas and Oklahoma growers had begun harvesting by month’s end and were

well ahead of the normal pace, with the crop heading ahead of normal because of the warm, dry weather. 

Condition of the crop continued to decline during the month, mostly due to dry weather in the northern and

central Great Plains.

Spring wheat producers trailed behind the normal planting pace early in the month, but accelerated during the

month to surpass the normal pace. On May 28, ninety-seven percent of the crop had been sown, the same as

last year but 4 points ahead of the 5-year average. Planting was complete in South Dakota and Washington

and within 4 points of completion elsewhere. Progress was at or ahead of normal in all major producing

States. Similarly, emergence began the month behind normal but progressed rapidly during the month. At

month’s end, emergence was underway on 83 percent of the acreage, compared with 86 percent last year and

75 percent for the normal. Nationwide, 72 percent of the acreage entered the emergence stage during the

month, with North Dakota’s crop advancing 78 points, and Idaho’s, Minnesota’s, and Montana’s crops

advancing 70 to 71 points. Emergence continued to trail behind normal in the Pacific Northwest due to

planting delays early in the season, but was at or ahead of the normal pace elsewhere.

The Nation’s rice crop was planted and emerged behind the normal pace. However, this was solely due to

California’s late planting start, as progress was at or ahead of normal throughout the Delta and Gulf Coast. At

month’s end, 94 percent of the acreage had been seeded, 2 points behind both last year and the 5-year average. 

Planting was complete in Arkansas and Texas and nearly complete across the remainder of the Delta. 

Emergence, at 86 percent, was the same as last year but 2 points behind normal. California’s crop trailed over

a week behind normal in both planting and emergence.

Soybean planting fell slightly behind normal early in the month, but progressed rapidly, during the last half of

the month as corn planting neared completion. By month’s end, growers had seeded 79 percent of their

acreage, the same as last year’s rapid pace but 11 points ahead of normal. Producers in Minnesota, Nebraska,

and the Dakotas planted over 60 percent of their acreage during the final 2 weeks of May. Progress was ahead

of normal in all States, except Indiana and North Carolina. Meanwhile, the crop emerged behind the normal

pace through most of the month, but accelerated during the final week to pull ahead of normal. On May 28,

emergence had begun on 42 percent of the acreage, compared with 47 percent last year and 39 percent for the

5-year average. Forty-two percent of Iowa’s crop and 35 percent of Nebraska’s crop emerged during that

final week. At month’s end, emergence was behind normal in Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, and North

Carolina but ahead of normal in all other States.

Sunflower seeding began at the normal pace, 4 percent complete at mid-month, but advanced well during the

final 2 weeks of May. At month’s end, 45 percent of the acreage had been sown, 8 points ahead of last year

and 12 points ahead of normal. The most rapid progress was in North Dakota, where growers planted nearly

60 percent of their acreage in the last half of the month and were 18 points ahead of normal. Colorado and

South Dakota growers were also ahead of their normal pace, while Kansas producers trailed 3 points behind

normal.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 25 NASS, USDA

Peanut planting remained behind normal throughout the month, despite rapid progress after mid-month. On

May 28, planting was 76 percent complete, compared with 80 percent last year and 83 percent for the 5-year

average. Florida, Oklahoma, and South Carolina growers all trailed the normal planting pace by a week or

more, while only in Texas and Virginia was progress ahead of normal.

Cotton producers slipped behind their normal planting pace at mid-month, but recovered to finish the month

ahead of normal. At month’s end, 85 percent of the acreage had been planted, 4 points ahead of both last year

and the 5-year average. Progress was 1 point behind normal in California, Missouri, and Oklahoma, but was

at or ahead of the normal pace in all other States. North Carolina and Tennessee growers progressed the most

during the month, planting 76 and 80 percent of their acreage, respectively. By May 28, squaring was

underway on 4 percent of the acreage nationwide but was confined to Arizona, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana,

and Texas. The first crop condition estimate of the season, on May 28, had 43 percent of the crop rated as

good or excellent, compared with 60 percent last year.

Sugarbeet planting began the month behind the normal pace, at 55 percent complete, and remained behind

normal through mid-month. However, rapid progress in the Red River Valley pushed planting ahead of

normal. On May 21, ninety-six percent of the crop had been seeded, compared with 100 percent last year and

94 percent for the 5-year average. Idaho and Michigan growers had finished planting their acreage by

mid-month, while Minnesota and North Dakota growers were 94 and 93 percent complete, respectively, on

May 21, slightly ahead of normal.

Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.26 billion bushels, down 4 percent from the May 1 forecast and

down 16 percent from 2005. Based on June 1 conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 40.5 bushels per acre,

down 1.9 bushels from the previous forecast. Grain area totals 31.2 million acres, unchanged from last month. 

As of May 28, heading had reached 79 percent in the 18 major States, 2 percentage points above the 5-year

average. Progress was significantly ahead of normal during the first part of the month due primarily to above

average temperatures, but was almost even with the 5-year average by the end of the month. Harvest was

underway in the southern-most portions of the growing area.

Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the 6 Hard Red Winter States (Colorado, Kansas,

Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Texas) are below last year’s level in all 6 States. Condition ratings

declined in the central and southern Great Plains States during May due primarily to continued drought

conditions. Harvest was in full swing in both Texas and Oklahoma, with progress in Oklahoma running well

ahead of normal. In Texas, wheat production is forecast to be the lowest since 1971. Oklahoma wheat

production is forecast at the lowest level since 1957. In Kansas, disease pressure is slightly above normal and

localized frost damage from a late April freeze in the western and northcentral growing regions affected yield

potential. Farther north, soil moisture remains a concern in Nebraska and South Dakota. In Montana, the

crop remains in good condition, but was affected by above normal temperatures and high winds. Yield

prospects are down from the previous month in all States in the HRW growing area except for Oklahoma. 

Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in the 3 Soft Red Winter States (Illinois, Missouri, and

Ohio) are above last year’s level in Illinois and Missouri but below in Ohio. Condition ratings in Ohio

declined due to cool and wet weather during May. In Missouri, harvest progress is ahead of normal and the

crop is in good condition. Overall, yield prospects across the SRW growing area remain good. Record high

yields are forecast in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Illinois. 

The Pacific Northwest States’ (Idaho, Oregon, and Washington) yields are down from the previous month in

Idaho but unchanged in Washington and Oregon. Forecasted head counts from the objective yield survey in

Washington are below last year’s final counts. In Oregon and Idaho, winter wheat remains in good condition

and above normal snow pack should continue to provide ample irrigation water supplies.

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 13.0 million

bushels, up 2 percent from May 1 but 10 percent below their 2005 total of 14.5 million bushels. In California,

the harvest is nearly complete. A cool growing season allowed for good grain fill and better yields than last

year.

Peaches: The 2006 peach crop in California, Georgia, and South Carolina is forecast at 870,000 tons, down

12 percent from 2005 and 21 percent below 2 years ago.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 26 NASS, USDA

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 380,000 tons, down 5 percent from the May 1 forecast and

21 percent below 2005. Rain during March and April along with below average temperatures have California

growers concerned about their 2006 Clingstone peach crop. Warmer temperatures toward the later part of

April helped fruit growth. Set in Yuba and Sutter counties is reported to be down from last year, while the set

in the Modesto area is reported to be normal. The early varieties reportedly have the best fruit set, while the

late and extra late varieties appear to have the lightest sets. Harvest is expected to begin around June 25.

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 380,000 tons, up 3 percent from the May 1 forecast but 1 percent

below the 2005 crop. Wet and cool weather during the spring has delayed crop maturity. Set in the early

varieties is reported to be normal. However, set in the mid to late season varieties is reported to be lighter and

inconsistent. This lower set is likely the result of frost which occurred earlier in the season. Harvest gained

momentum during June with Crimson Lady, Crown Princess, Spring Snow, and Springtreat the major

varieties harvested.

The South Carolina crop is forecast at 60,000 tons, down 20 percent from last year and 14 percent below the

2004 crop. A late frost and freeze occurred in upstate South Carolina during the bloom and early fruit

development stages. Widely scattered hailstorms have also caused extensive damage to some producers' fruit

crops. Other growers have experienced no damage from weather and are reporting a good crop. 

Georgia’s peach crop is forecast at 50,000 tons, up 25 percent from last year’s below-normal crop but

5 percent below 2004. A cool and dry spring delayed fruit maturity, while a late March freeze cut potential

production on some early varieties. However, the dry weather reduced disease pressures and the overall crop

condition is reported as good. Harvest began in mid May and reached 9 percent complete at month’s end,

which is about a week behind the normal pace. Fruit size and quality are expected to be good. 

Bartlett Pears: Production of Bartlett Pears in California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at

440,000 tons, up 12 percent from last year but 4 percent below 2004.

Production in California is forecast at 195,000 tons, up 19 percent from last season but 13 percent below

2 years ago. The Bartlett bloom period was lengthened particularly in the Sacramento River and Mendocino

areas due to rain and cool temperatures. The Lake County area is reported to have an excellent crop. Bloom

in this area occurred after the spring rains and cooler temperatures subsided. Harvest in the Sacramento River

growing area will begin around mid-July. 

Oregon growers expect to harvest 60,000 tons, up 3 percent from last year but 5 percent below the

2004 Bartlett crop. Overall growing conditions have been favorable for pear production. The bloom stage

progressed with few reported problems. Bartletts grown along the Oregon / Washington border and those

grown in southern Oregon are doing better than they have in years. However, this season’s precipitation is

about 150 percent of normal, which has caused some disease problems, as orchardists have had difficulty

applying fungicides.

Washington’s Bartlett crop is forecast at 185,000 tons, up 9 percent from 2005 and 8 percent above 2 years

ago. Most growers report good growing conditions and have a favorable outlook on this season’s crop. A

good snowpack is expected to provide adequate irrigation water throughout the growing season. Scattered

hail caused some crop damage but does not appear to be widespread. 

Sweet Cherries: The 2006 sweet cherry production for California, Oregon, and Washington is forecast at

245,000 tons, up 12 percent from 2005 but 2 percent below 2004. Washington’s 2006 production is forecast

at 150,000 tons, up 9 percent from last year. Washington’s cherry crop experienced a relatively mild winter in

the Yakima area with some spring frost damage in the Wenatchee area. Crop development is several days

behind last year. Quality and sizing are expected to be very good. The California crop, at 45,000 tons, is

down 15 percent from 2005 and 38 percent below 2004. Excessive rain during bloom resulted in poor

pollination. This, combined with a lack of chilling hours and an extreme freeze in February, created

undesirable conditions for fruit set. Harvest is expected to peak during the first 2 weeks of June. Oregon

production is forecasted to be 50,000 tons, up 79 percent from last year’s small crop. Growing conditions

overall have been favorable.

Prunes: California’s 2006 prune production is forecast at 145,000 dried tons, up 61 percent from last year’s

crop of 90,000 tons and 196 percent above the record low crop of 49,000 tons in 2004. The 2006 crop,

although much higher than the last 2 seasons, is still smaller than most previous years. This is because the
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 27 NASS, USDA

2004 and 2005 seasons were adversely affected by excessive heat during the March blooming period which

significantly reduced production. The 2006 crop experienced an unseasonably rainy period during bloom. 

The rainy conditions hampered bee pollination activities and fruit set was reduced statewide. Fruit

development is approximately 2 weeks behind schedule.

Apricots: California’s 2006 production is forecast at 37,000 tons, down 51 percent from the 2005 crop and

61 percent less than 2004. Freezing temperatures during mid-February adversely affected early blooming

orchards. These early blooming orchards were caused by unseasonably warm winter temperatures. The weak

and staggered bloom caused by the freezing temperatures was further adversely impacted by rain and hail

storms. However, fruit size is exceptional on this small crop.

Florida Citrus: Growing conditions in Florida citrus producing areas were generally hot and dry for most of

May. Daytime high temperatures were often in the low to mid 90's with lows in the mid 70's. Some rain fell

during the month, but most of this was reported during the last two weeks of the month. As humidity levels

increased, thunderclouds formed but any resulting rain was generally localized. Rainfall totals for the year are

below average for all the citrus reporting stations. Groves that have been irrigated on a continuing basis are

reported in fair to good condition but those without irrigation are showing signs of stress. Some growers

sprayed copper to suppress citrus canker and began routine summer spraying programs. Valencia orange

harvest continues while harvest is complete for all other citrus varieties. Most packinghouses are closed for

the season, and only 10 processing plants and several fresh squeeze plants remain open.

California Citrus: Navel and Valencia orange harvests continued during May but picking and packing began

to slow down. Some of the smaller navel packers were finishing up their harvest season. Commercial harvest

of lemons, tangelos, tangerines, pummelos, and hybrid grapefruit was complete in the San Joaquin Valley. 

However, harvest of lemons and grapefruit continued in the southern coastal growing region. Grapefruit

varieties picked and packed included Marsh White, Marsh Ruby, and Star Ruby. Harvest of Marsh Ruby

variety grapefruit was nearly complete in the Coachella Valley.

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Harvest of many fruit varieties began during May as warmer

temperatures enhanced fruit size and maturity. Harvest of Perlette and Flame Seedless variety table grapes

was underway in the Coachella Valley, and stone fruit harvesting was active in the San Joaquin Valley. 

Among the stone fruit varieties harvested during the month were: Early Treat, April Snow, Super Rich, and

May Snow peaches; Red Beaut and Early Queen plums; and Spring Flare, May Fire, Red Roy, and May Glo

nectarines. By mid-month, apricots began showing good size and color, and by month’s end, harvest was

underway of Poppycot, Poppy, Golden Sweet, Diamond Cot, and Castlebrite varieties. Cherry harvest began

in Kern County at the beginning of May. By the end of the month, harvest was underway in most of

California’s cherry growing regions. Primary cherry varieties harvested were Brooks and Tulare. Periods of

rain during the month hampered both strawberry harvest and fruit quality in Monterey County. Blueberry and

strawberry harvest was underway in the San Joaquin Valley, with increasing demand noted. Pomegranates

were in bloom. Field work underway during May included irrigation in fruit and nut orchards and grape

vineyards and thinning in stone fruit orchards. Unseasonable rain arrived in late May, threatening fruit

quality. Relatively little damage resulted, but the threat created by this late season rain prompted many fruit

growers to hire helicopters to hover over their orchards in order to dry off the fruit in case temperatures

warmed up too quickly. Grape growers continued normal activities including cultivation, furrowing,

irrigation, and mildew control. Thompson Seedless vines began blooming in the San Joaquin Valley and

spray programs were underway. Field crews in grape vineyards were busy suckering and leaf pulling as well

as training canes onto trellises. Spray applications for weed and mildew control and treatments for coddling

moth, mites, and lygus were underway in almond, pistachio and walnut orchards. Spraying to control blight

continued in walnut orchards.

Grapefruit: The U.S. grapefruit forecast is 1.22 million tons, virtually unchanged from last month’s forecast

but 21 percent above last season's final utilization. Florida's grapefruit forecast, at 19.3 million boxes

(820,000 tons), is up 1 percent from May and 51 percent above last season's final utilization. Excluding last

season’s hurricane-affected crop, Florida utilized grapefruit production has not been this low since the

1941-42 season. The white grapefruit forecast is 6.50 million boxes (276,000 tons), unchanged from May but

91 percent above last season. The colored grapefruit forecast, at 12.8 million boxes (544,000 tons), is up

1 percent from May 1 and 36 percent above last season's final utilization. Utilization data, as reported by the

Citrus Administrative Committee, are the primary indications used in setting the June 1 grapefruit forecast. 

Arizona, California, and Texas forecasts are carried forward from April.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 28 NASS, USDA

Tangerines: The 2005-06 U.S. tangerine crop forecast is 432,000 tons, up 1 percent from the previous

forecast and 31 percent higher than last season's final utilization of 331,000 tons. Florida's tangerine crop, at

5.50 million boxes (261,000 tons), is up 2 percent from the previous forecast and 24 percent higher than last

season's utilization of 4.45 million boxes. Harvest of Florida’s late season Honey variety tangerines continued

through May but is now virtually complete. Arizona and California tangerine forecasts are carried forward

from April.

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast, at 1.40 million boxes (63,000 tons), is unchanged from May 1 but

10 percent lower than last season’s final utilized production. Tangelo utilization is complete for the season

with over 60 percent of the fruit being processed.

Temples: Florida’s Temple forecast is 700,000 boxes (32,000 tons) for the 2005-06 season, unchanged from

May but 8 percent above last season’s final utilization of 650,000 boxes. If attained, this will be the second

lowest utilization since Temple forecasts began with the 1951-52 season. Temple utilization peaked in the

1979-80 season at 6.00 million boxes, and has declined steadily since. Temple harvest is complete for the

season.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya utilization is estimated at 1.96 million pounds for May, up 4 percent from last

month but 28 percent lower than a year ago. Area in crop totaled 2,000 acres, down 2 percent from last month

and 20 percent below May 2005. Harvested area totaled 1,740 acres, down 2 percent from May but

21 percent higher than the same month last year. Papaya orchards experienced favorable growing conditions

in May with adequate moisture and longer, sunny days. Newer plantings made good progress with new leaves

and steady flowering reported. New trees were planted to replace those lost due to the wet conditions earlier

in the year.

Hops: Area strung for harvest in 2006 for Washington, Oregon, and Idaho is forecast at 28,928 acres,

2 percent less than the revised 2005 crop of 29,463 acres but 4 percent more than the 2004 crop of

27,742 acres. Washington, with 21,115 acres for harvest, strung 102 acres more than last year’s revised

acreage. Washington accounts for 73 percent of the U.S. total acreage. Oregon hop growers plan to string

5,036 acres or 17 percent of the U.S. total for 2006, with Idaho hop growers accounting for the remaining

10 percent, or 2,777 acres strung for harvest. Oregon and Idaho growers decreased their hop acreage from last

year by 2 percent and 16 percent, respectively, while Washington acreage increased by less than 1 percent. 

Aroma hops are mostly halfway to the wire, while alphas are one quarter to one third to the wire. Water

supplies are expected to be adequate this season, as precipitation was good this winter and spring. Disease

concerns are mostly average this year. Mildew presence is normal. Wide temperature swings this spring have

brought on some virus development, but no real impact is expected as temperatures are leveling out.

Sugarbeets: Production in 2005 is revised to 27.5 million tons, fractionally lower than the January end of

season estimate and 8 percent below 2004. Area harvested totaled 1.24 million acres, 4,000 above January but

5 percent below the previous year and the smallest harvested area since 2001. The revised yield is 22.2 tons

per acre, down 0.1 ton from the January estimate and 0.8 ton below the 2004 yield.

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2005 is revised to 26.6 million tons, down

2 percent from the March 1 estimate, down 8 percent from the previous year, and the lowest production since

1979. Area harvested for sugar and seed totaled 922,600 acres, fractionally below the previous estimate and

2 percent below 2004. The estimated yield of cane for sugar and seed is 28.8 tons per acre, 0.8 ton below

March and 2.1 tons below the 2004 yield.

Production decreased in all States from the previous year, with the largest declines in Florida and Louisiana

due to the effects of hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma. Though area harvested for sugar decreased by

21,300 acres from 2004, area harvested for seed was up by 5,700 acres. As a result of lower yields and the

acreage shift, production for sugar declined by 9 percent from last year, while production for seed rose by

6 percent.

Sweet Potatoes: Production for the 2005 crop year is revised to 15.7 million cwt, virtually unchanged from

the annual estimate made in January but down 2 percent from 2004. Area harvested, at 88,400 acres, is up

1 percent from January but down 5 percent from 2004. The average yield, at 178 cwt per acre, is down 1 cwt

from the January estimate but 4 cwt above 2004. This is the largest yield on record, surpassing the previous

record high of 174 cwt set in 2004.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 29 NASS, USDA

The sweet potato estimate in California, at 3.34 million cwt, is down 5 percent from January based on a

15 cwt per acre decrease in yield. Mississippi production increased 4 percent due to an increase in acreage. 

South Carolina production decreased 5 percent based on reduced acres. Texas production is up 30 percent

from January due to yields being higher than expected but still below the average. The below average yield is

due to drought conditions during the 2005 growing season.

Maple Syrup: The 2006 U.S. maple syrup production totaled 1.45 million gallons, up 17 percent from 2005. 

The number of taps is estimated at 7.26 million, up 2 percent from the 2005 total of 7.10 million, while the

yield per tap is estimated to be 0.200 gallons, up 14 percent from the previous season.

Vermont led all States in production with 460,000 gallons, an increase of 12 percent from 2005. Maine’s

production, at 300,000 gallons, increased 13 percent from last season. Production in New York, at

253,000 gallons, is 14 percent above 2005. Production doubled in Wisconsin, and is up 34 percent in

Michigan, 13 percent in Ohio, 12 percent in New Hampshire, and 8 percent in Pennsylvania. Production

remained the same in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Large increases in yield as well as additional taps set in

many States led to this year’s increased production.

Temperatures in the maple producing States varied across the country. While producers in Maine, Michigan,

Ohio, Vermont, and Wisconsin reported favorable conditions, producers in the other 5 States experienced

weather that was either too warm or too cold for favorable sap flow. On average, the season lasted

approximately 28 days compared to 24 days in 2005. Michigan and Pennsylvania had the earliest season

opening date of January 1. Michigan also had the latest sap flow in 2006 with an approximate season ending

date of May 2.

Sugar content of the sap for 2006 is down from last year. On average, approximately 43 gallons of sap were

required to produce one gallon of syrup. This compares to with 40 gallons in 2005 and 42 gallons in 2004. 

The majority of the syrup produced this year is of medium color.

The 2005 U.S. average price per gallon is $29.90, up $1.50 from the 2004 price of $28.40. The U.S. value of

production, at $37.1 million for 2005, is down 13 percent from 2004. The average price per gallon increased

in all States except Connecticut and Michigan.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 30 NASS, USDA

Reliability of June 1 Crop Production Forecast

Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between May 22 and

June 6 to gather information on expected yield as of June 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in

10 States that accounted for 71 percent of the 2005 winter wheat production. Farm operators were

interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample

plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's

maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to

predict the number of heads that will be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years

to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The

plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After

the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting

loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail and personal

interviewers. Approximately 6,400 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions

about the probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the

growing season to provide indications of average yields.

Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the June 1 forecast was conducted in

Florida, which accounts for nearly 75 percent of the U.S. production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at

the start of the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review

based on administrative data or special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per

tree is determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys

are conducted, which combined with the previous components, are used to develop the current forecast of

production. Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in

October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for

navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.

Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were

reviewed for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed

considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State

Field Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The

ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecasts.

Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for

errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its

analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey

data and their analyses to prepare the published June 1 forecast. The June 1 orange production forecasts for

Arizona, California, and Texas are carried forward from April.

Revision Policy: The June 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made

each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the

end of the wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports,

millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other

administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits

Summary released in September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of

the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. 

Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the June 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean

Square Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the

June 1 production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The

average of the squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the

average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning

expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors

affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 winter wheat production forecast is 5.3 percent. This means

that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 31 NASS, USDA

estimate by more than 5.3 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference

will not exceed 9.1 percent. Differences between the June 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final

estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 70 million bushels, ranging from 8 million to 242 million

bushels. The June 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times. This does not

imply that the June 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the June 1 orange production forecast is 1.4 percent. This means that

chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final

estimates by more than 1.4 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference

will not exceed 2.5 percent. Changes between the June 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the

past 20 years have averaged 122,000 tons, ranging from 5,000 tons to 368,000 tons. The June 1 forecast for

oranges has been below the final estimate 6 times and above 14 times. The difference does not imply that the

June 1 forecasts this year are likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

June 2006 32 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service

to contact for additional information.

Greg Thessen, Acting Chief . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Greg Thessen, Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-2127

Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-5944

Scott Cox - Wheat, Rye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-8068

Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed ................................. (202) 720-9526

Dennis Koong - Peanuts, Rice ......................................... (202) 720-7688

Jason Lamprecht - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-7369

Travis Thorson - Hay, Oats, Sorghum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 690-3234

Brian Young - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops ......................... (202) 720-7621

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-2127

Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco ..................... (202) 720-7235

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

Strawberries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-2157

Rich Holcomb - Citrus, Tropical Fruits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-5412

Doug Marousek - Floriculture, Nursery, Nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-4215

Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils,

Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears,

Wrinkled Seed Peas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-3250

Terry O’Connor - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries,

Plums, Prunes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-4288

Kim Ritchie - Hops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (360) 902-1940

Cathy Scherrer - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (202) 720-4285
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