Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released July 11, 2013, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of 

Agriculture (USDA).

 

Special Note 

 

USDA's National Agricultural Statistics Service is suspending a number of statistical surveys and reports for the 

remainder of the fiscal year resulting from reduced funding. Suspended commodity programs impacting the July Crop 

Production report are almonds, apricots, Austrian winter peas, dry edible peas, and lentils. Check the NASS website at 

www.nass.usda.gov for any future updates to these programs.

Winter Wheat Production Up 2 Percent from June 

Orange Production Down Slightly from June 

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.54 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the June 1 forecast but down 6 percent 

from 2012. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 47.8 bushels per acre, up 1.7 bushels from 

last month and up 0.6 bushel from last year. If realized, this will equal the United States record high yield established in 

1999. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 32.3 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report 

released on June 28, 2013 but down 7 percent from last year.

Hard Red Winter production, at 793 million bushels, is up 1 percent from last month. Soft Red Winter, at 539 million 

bushels, is up 6 percent from June. White Winter, at 211 million bushels, is down 3 percent from last month. Of the White 

Winter production, 11.9 million bushels are Hard White and 200 million bushels are Soft White.

Durum wheat production is forecast at 57.5 million bushels, down 30 percent from 2012. The United States yield is 

forecast at 38.3 bushels per acre, down 0.7 bushel from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 

1.50 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released June 28, 2013 but down 29 percent from last year.

Other spring wheat production is forecast at 513 million bushels, down 5 percent from last year. Area harvested for grain 

is expected to total 12.0 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released June 28, 2013 but down 1 percent 

from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 42.9 bushels per acre, 2.1 bushels below 2012. Of the total 

production, 476 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 6 percent from last year.
2 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The United States all orange forecast for the 2012-2013 season is 8.38 million tons, down slightly from the previous 

forecast and down 7 percent from the 2011-2012 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 133 million boxes 

(6.00 million tons), is down slightly from the June forecast and down 9 percent from last season’s final utilization. Early, 

midseason, and Navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 67.1 million boxes (3.02 million tons), up slightly from the June 

forecast but down 10 percent from last season. The Florida Valencia orange forecast, at 66.3 million boxes (2.98 million 

tons), is down 1 percent from the June forecast and down 9 percent from last season’s final utilization. Harvest of 

Valencia oranges in Florida was virtually complete.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 2012-2013 season is final at 1.59 gallons per box at 

42.0 degrees Brix, unchanged from the June forecast but down 2 percent from last season’s final yield of 1.63 gallons per 

box. The early-midseason portion is final at 1.51 gallons per box, down 1 percent from last season’s final yield of 

1.53 gallons per box. The Valencia portion is final at 1.69 gallons per box, 3 percent lower than last year’s final yield of 

1.75 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of 

the past several seasons.

This report was approved on July 11, 2013.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Joseph W. Glauber

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (July 2013) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted July 1, 2013 ......................... 5

Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted July 1, 2013..................... 5

Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013............................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013............................................................................................................................................................................. 7

Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013............................................................................................................................................................................. 7

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2012 and Forecasted July 1, 2013.................................................................... 7

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2011-2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013............................................................................................................................................................................. 8

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013............................................................................................................................................................................. 9

Fall Potato Percent of Acreage Planted by Type of Potato – Selected States and Total: 2012 and 2013............................... 9

Fall Potato Area Planted for Certified Seed – Selected States and Total: 2012 and 2013...................................................... 9

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2012 and 2013................... 10

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2012 and 2013 ....................... 12

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2012 and 2013 .................................................................. 14

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2012 and 2013....................................................................... 15

Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2009-2013 ............................... 16

Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2009-2013 ................................................................................... 17

Percent of Normal Precipitation Map ................................................................................................................................... 18

Departure from Normal Temperature Map........................................................................................................................... 18

June Weather Summary ........................................................................................................................................................ 19

June Agricultural Summary .................................................................................................................................................. 19

Crop Comments.................................................................................................................................................................... 21

Statistical Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................ 25

Information Contacts ............................................................................................................................................................ 27
4 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

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Crop Production (July 2013) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2013 

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

California .............................

Idaho ...................................

Illinois ..................................

Iowa .....................................

Kansas ................................

Michigan ..............................

Minnesota ............................

Montana ..............................

Nebraska .............................

New York .............................

North Dakota .......................

Ohio .....................................

Oregon ................................

Pennsylvania .......................

South Dakota .......................

Texas ..................................

Wisconsin ............................

Other States 1 ......................

United States .......................

25

15

20

58

30

35

135

18

18

50

110

46

19

65

50

75

130

146

1,045

20

20

28

50

25

35

135

26

40

55

140

35

18

70

120

85

125

169

1,196

90.0

65.0

76.0

65.0

33.0

60.0

62.0

45.0

57.0

65.0

62.0

56.0

95.0

61.0

68.0

49.0

60.0

61.1

61.3

85.0

90.0

72.0

60.0

40.0

58.0

62.0

43.0

63.0

57.0

58.0

68.0

95.0

59.0

74.0

49.0

59.0

65.1

62.3

2,250

975

1,520

3,770

990

2,100

8,370

810

1,026

3,250

6,820

2,576

1,805

3,965

3,400

3,675

7,800

8,922

64,024

1,700

1,800

2,016

3,000

1,000

2,030

8,370

1,118

2,520

3,135

8,120

2,380

1,710

4,130

8,880

4,165

7,375

11,010

74,459

1 Other States include Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Maine, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, 

Washington, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2013 Summary.

Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2013 

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arizona ...............................

California ............................

Colorado .............................

Idaho ..................................

Maryland .............................

Minnesota ...........................

Montana .............................

North Dakota ......................

Oregon ...............................

Pennsylvania ......................

Utah ....................................

Virginia ...............................

Washington ........................

Wyoming ............................

Other States 1 .....................

United States ......................

47

80

55

590

40

100

790

1,010

53

53

26

37

175

60

128

3,244

70

40

54

620

51

80

880

710

49

65

30

44

170

70

142

3,075

105.0

55.0

123.0

91.0

82.0

57.0

53.0

61.0

72.0

68.0

80.0

82.0

72.0

89.0

59.1

67.9

115.0

50.0

130.0

94.0

86.0

62.0

57.0

60.0

70.0

70.0

92.0

85.0

70.0

101.0

60.5

71.4

4,935

4,400

6,765

53,690

3,280

5,700

41,870

61,610

3,816

3,604

2,080

3,034

12,600

5,340

7,560

220,284

8,050

2,000

7,020

58,280

4,386

4,960

50,160

42,600

3,430

4,550

2,760

3,740

11,900

7,070

8,590

219,496

1 Other States include Delaware, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Individual State estimates will be 

published in the Small Grains 2013 Summary.
6 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013 

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

June 1 July 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas .........................

California ........................

Colorado .........................

Georgia ...........................

Idaho ...............................

Illinois ..............................

Indiana ............................

Kansas ............................

Kentucky .........................

Maryland .........................

Michigan .........................

Mississippi ......................

Missouri ..........................

Montana ..........................

Nebraska ........................

New York ........................

North Carolina .................

North Dakota ...................

Ohio ................................

Oklahoma .......................

Oregon ............................

Pennsylvania ..................

South Carolina ................

South Dakota ..................

Tennessee ......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

Washington .....................

Wisconsin .......................

Other States 1 .................

United States ..................

450

310

2,170

230

740

645

300

9,100

470

210

540

345

690

2,170

1,300

85

750

730

450

4,300

785

145

220

1,210

340

3,000

240

1,670

245

994

34,834

615

340

1,500

350

730

820

430

8,200

580

250

590

380

970

2,150

1,160

110

930

320

680

3,500

800

170

245

650

490

2,000

290

1,680

280

1,060

32,270

55.0

85.0

34.0

49.0

80.0

63.0

67.0

42.0

62.0

68.0

76.0

57.0

57.0

39.0

41.0

63.0

57.0

55.0

69.0

36.0

66.0

65.0

53.0

50.0

63.0

32.0

65.0

71.0

75.0

48.4

47.2

56.0

85.0

34.0

53.0

78.0

64.0

68.0

38.0

70.0

67.0

76.0

57.0

52.0

41.0

35.0

67.0

59.0

46.0

66.0

30.0

64.0

65.0

50.0

33.0

67.0

30.0

64.0

70.0

61.0

47.7

46.1

59.0

85.0

33.0

55.0

76.0

65.0

69.0

40.0

73.0

67.0

75.0

57.0

55.0

43.0

36.0

68.0

59.0

40.0

67.0

33.0

61.0

65.0

53.0

39.0

68.0

32.0

64.0

67.0

57.0

48.4

47.8

24,750

26,350

73,780

11,270

59,200

40,635

20,100

382,200

29,140

14,280

41,040

19,665

39,330

84,630

53,300

5,355

42,750

40,150

31,050

154,800

51,810

9,425

11,660

60,500

21,420

96,000

15,600

118,570

18,375

48,067

1,645,202

36,285

28,900

49,500

19,250

55,480

53,300

29,670

328,000

42,340

16,750

44,250

21,660

53,350

92,450

41,760

7,480

54,870

12,800

45,560

115,500

48,800

11,050

12,985

25,350

33,320

64,000

18,560

112,560

15,960

51,355

1,543,095

1 Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Utah, West Virginia, and 

Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2013 Summary.
Crop Production (July 2013) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2013 

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

June 1 July 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arizona ........................

California .....................

Montana ......................

North Dakota ...............

Other States 1 ..............

United States ...............

104

135

515

1,330

18

2,102

64

90

505

830

13

1,502

95.0

105.0

28.0

32.0

51.2

39.0

105.0

100.0

(X)

(X)

(X)

(X)

105.0

95.0

30.0

32.0

42.3

38.3

9,880

14,175

14,420

42,560

921

81,956

6,720

8,550

15,150

26,560

550

57,530

(X) Not applicable.

1 Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2013 Summary.

Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2013 

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Idaho ..................................

Minnesota ...........................

Montana .............................

North Dakota ......................

Oregon ...............................

South Dakota ......................

Washington ........................

Other States 1 .....................

United States ......................

500

1,310

2,900

5,700

93

1,020

505

27

12,055

530

1,100

2,800

5,600

97

1,350

445

36

11,958

76.0

57.0

33.0

45.0

62.0

41.0

55.0

64.0

45.0

77.0

53.0

35.0

41.0

69.0

41.0

49.0

68.3

42.9

38,000

74,670

95,700

256,500

5,766

41,820

27,775

1,728

541,959

40,810

58,300

98,000

229,600

6,693

55,350

21,805

2,460

513,018

1 Other States include Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2013 Summary.

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2012 and Forecasted July 1, 2013 

[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class 

percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available]

Crop 2012 2013

(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Winter

Hard red ...................................

Soft red .....................................

Hard white ................................

Soft white ..................................

Spring

Hard red ...................................

Hard white ................................

Soft white ..................................

Durum ......................................

Total .........................................

1,003,856

419,801

13,250

208,295

504,520

8,465

28,974

81,956

2,269,117

792,662

538,947

11,937

199,549

476,324

8,974

27,720

57,530

2,113,643
8 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2011-2012 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2013 

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]

Crop and State Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2011-2012 2012-2013 2011-2012 2012-2013

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Oranges

Early, mid, and Navel 2

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Valencia

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

All

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Grapefruit

White

 Florida ...............................................

Colored

 Florida ...............................................

All

 California ...........................................

 Florida ...............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Tangerines and mandarins

Arizona 3 ...............................................

California 3 ............................................

Florida ...................................................

United States ........................................

Lemons

Arizona .................................................

California ..............................................

United States ........................................

Tangelos

Florida ...................................................

45,500

74,200

1,108

120,808

13,000

72,500

311

85,811

58,500

146,700

1,419

206,619

5,350

13,500

4,000

18,850

4,800

27,650

200

10,900

4,290

15,390

750

20,500

21,250

1,150

45,000

67,100

1,505

113,605

12,500

66,300

289

79,089

57,500

133,400

1,794

192,694

5,300

13,100

4,100

18,400

6,100

28,600

200

13,000

3,350

16,550

1,800

20,000

21,800

1,000

1,820

3,339

47

5,206

520

3,263

13

3,796

2,340

6,602

60

9,002

228

574

160

802

192

1,154

8

436

204

648

30

820

850

52

1,800

3,020

64

4,884

500

2,984

12

3,496

2,300

6,004

76

8,380

225

557

164

782

244

1,190

8

520

159

687

72

800

872

45

1 Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; tangerines and mandarins in 

Arizona and California-80, Florida-95; lemons-80; tangelos-90. 2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of tangerines 

in Texas and Temples in Florida.

3 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production (July 2013) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2013 

Class and type

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)

Georgia .............................................................

North Carolina ...................................................

South Carolina ...................................................

Virginia ..............................................................

United States .....................................................

10,000

164,000

12,000

20,000

206,000

15,000

170,000

9,000

23,000

217,000

2,250

2,300

2,100

2,400

2,296

2,500

2,240

2,200

2,400

2,273

22,500

377,200

25,200

48,000

472,900

37,500

380,800

19,800

55,200

493,300

Fall Potato Percent of Acreage Planted by Type of Potato – Selected States and Total: 2012 and 2013 

[Predominant type shown may include small portion of other type(s) constituting less than 1 percent of State's total. Blue types are reported under 

red types]

State

Red White Yellow Russet

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Colorado ...................

Idaho ........................

Maine .......................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

New York ..................

North Dakota ............

Oregon .....................

Pennsylvania ............

Washington ..............

Wisconsin .................

Total .........................

1

3

4

1

19

6

24

3

2

4

10

6

4

4

4

1

20

4

22

3

7

4

8

7

6

4

38

86

12

87

35

14

91

7

37

19

15

4

41

84

11

90

32

14

88

7

38

20

5

2

3

1

1

4

1

3

2

2

1

2

6

2

3

1

1

5

1

2

4

2

1

2

88

91

55

12

68

3

40

80

5

87

52

73

75

90

52

14

68

1

45

81

1

87

53

71

Fall Potato Area Planted for Certified Seed – Selected States and Total: 2012 and 2013 

[Data supplied by State seed certification officials]

State

2012 Crop 2013 Crop

Entered for

certification Certified Percentcertified

Entered for

certification

(acres) (acres) (percent) (acres)

Alaska ......................

California ..................

Colorado ...................

Idaho ........................

Maine .......................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

Montana ...................

Nebraska ..................

New York ..................

North Dakota ............

Oregon .....................

Pennsylvania ............

Washington ..............

Wisconsin .................

Total .........................

124

840

15,964

(NA)

11,712

2,355

7,138

10,429

6,165

762

19,607

2,792

325

3,012

8,670

(X)

124

840

13,834

35,889

11,445

2,355

6,082

10,429

5,312

762

14,446

2,708

325

2,964

8,670

116,185

100

100

87

(X)

98

100

85

100

86

100

74

97

100

98

100

(X)

(NA)

725

13,219

(NA)

10,827

2,264

(NA)

10,175

5,852

637

(NA)

2,460

343

3,065

8,297

(X)

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.
10 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013 

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop Area planted Area harvested

2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1 ....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all ................................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1 .............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all ............................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all ...........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all ........................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 2 ....................................................................

3,637

97,155

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2,760

335

2,699

1,300

6,244

(NA)

55,736

41,324

2,123

12,289

1,765.0

(X)

344

51.1

1,638.0

2.2

169.8

77,198

1,919.0

12,314.4

12,076.0

238.4

1,230.1

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,742.5

649.0

463.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,148.3

96.8

49.8

1,001.7

(NA)

130.5

(NA)

3,482

97,379

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,026

530

2,470

1,419

7,195

56,530

42,697

1,538

12,295

1,307.0

(X)

223

45.0

1,097.0

1.5

151.0

77,728

1,567.0

10,251.0

10,025.0

226.0

1,207.6

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,459.4

850.0

335.0

(NA)

1,077.6

73.2

47.0

957.4

119.0

3,244

87,375

7,379

56,260

17,292

38,968

1,045

205

2,678

248

4,955

363

48,991

34,834

2,102

12,055

1,729.0

(X)

336

49.7

1,608.0

2.1

160.1

76,104

1,841.0

9,371.8

9,135.0

236.8

1,204.2

902.4

336.2

13.7

1,690.4

621.0

450.0

(NA)

6.1

31.9

76.0

1,132.7

94.6

48.5

989.6

20.0

126.6

0.4

3,075

89,135

56,617

17,662

38,955

1,196

2,449

321

6,085

45,730

32,270

1,502

11,958

1,253.7

218

43.1

1,063.0

1.4

144.5

76,918

1,502.0

1,182.7

907.5

349.9

1,399.2

35.0

1,061.9

71.0

45.7

945.2

116.1

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (July 2013) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013 (continued) 

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

Barley ................................................................................... bushels

Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels

Corn for silage ............................................................................tons

Hay, all .......................................................................................tons

 Alfalfa .....................................................................................tons

 All other ..................................................................................tons

Oats ...................................................................................... bushels

Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels

Rice 3 ........................................................................................... cwt

Rye ....................................................................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels

Sorghum for silage ......................................................................tons

Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels

 Winter ............................................................................... bushels

 Durum ............................................................................... bushels

 Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

Oilseeds

Canola ...................................................................................pounds

Cottonseed .................................................................................tons

Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels

Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds

Peanuts .................................................................................pounds

Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds

Safflower ...............................................................................pounds

Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels

Sunflower ..............................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 3 ...............................................................................bales

 Upland 3 ................................................................................bales

 American Pima 3 ...................................................................bales

Sugarbeets .................................................................................tons

Sugarcane ..................................................................................tons

Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas 3 .................................................................. cwt

Dry edible beans 3 ....................................................................... cwt

Dry edible peas 3 ......................................................................... cwt

Lentils 3 ........................................................................................ cwt

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ......................................................................pounds

Hops ......................................................................................pounds

Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds

Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt

 Spring ...................................................................................... cwt

 Summer ................................................................................... cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................... cwt

Spearmint oil .........................................................................pounds

Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt

Taro (Hawaii) .........................................................................pounds

67.9

123.4

15.4

2.13

3.01

1.74

61.3

15.1

7,449

28.0

49.8

11.4

46.3

47.2

39.0

45.0

1,416

(X)

17.1

602

4,192

2,205

1,121

39.6

1,513

887

869

1,581

29.3

35.7

2,268

1,219

1,889

1,751

1,178

(NA)

1,180

1,918

87

412

283

368

427

120

209

(NA)

71.4

62.3

46.2

47.8

38.3

42.9

308

220,284

10,780,296

113,450

119,878

52,049

67,829

64,024

3,090

199,479

6,944

246,932

4,135

2,269,117

1,645,202

81,956

541,959

2,447,410

5,666.0

5,762

29,930

6,741,400

4,630

179,424

3,014,998

2,785,695

17,314.8

16,535.0

779.8

35,236

32,227

762,709

167

31,925

10,872

5,302

406

7,200

61,249.2

6,605

467,126

26,736

17,855

422,535

2,390

26,482

3,500

219,496

74,459

2,113,643

1,543,095

57,530

513,018

21,872

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres.

3 Yield in pounds.
12 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013 

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop Area planted Area harvested

2012 2013 2012 2013

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1 ....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2 .............................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1 .............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2 .........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2 .........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2 ......................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 3 ....................................................................

1,471,860

39,317,660

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,116,940

135,570

1,092,260

526,100

2,526,880

(NA)

22,555,800

16,723,410

859,160

4,973,240

714,280

(X)

139,210

20,680

662,880

890

68,720

31,241,260

776,600

4,983,510

4,887,040

96,480

497,810

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

705,170

262,640

187,370

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

464,710

39,170

20,150

405,380

(NA)

52,810

(NA)

1,409,130

39,408,310

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,224,590

214,490

999,580

574,260

2,911,740

22,877,130

17,279,050

622,410

4,975,660

528,930

(X)

90,250

18,210

443,940

610

61,110

31,455,740

634,150

4,148,480

4,057,020

91,460

488,700

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

590,600

343,990

135,570

(NA)

436,090

29,620

19,020

387,450

48,160

1,312,810

35,359,790

2,986,210

22,767,860

6,997,900

15,769,960

422,900

82,960

1,083,760

100,360

2,005,240

146,900

19,826,170

14,096,970

850,660

4,878,540

699,710

(X)

135,980

20,110

650,740

850

64,790

30,798,530

745,030

3,792,670

3,696,840

95,830

487,330

365,190

136,070

5,540

684,090

251,310

182,110

(NA)

2,470

12,920

30,760

458,390

38,280

19,630

400,480

8,090

51,230

160

1,244,420

36,072,040

22,912,330

7,147,630

15,764,700

484,010

991,090

129,910

2,462,540

18,506,470

13,059,350

607,840

4,839,280

507,360

88,220

17,440

430,190

570

58,480

31,127,950

607,840

478,630

367,260

141,580

566,240

14,180

429,740

28,730

18,490

382,510

46,980

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (July 2013) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013 (continued) 

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop Yield per hectare Production

2012 2013 2012 2013

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain ......................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2 .............................................................................

 Alfalfa .............................................................................

 All other ..........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain ...............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2 .........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower ............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ...........................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2 .........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ...............................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2 .....................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall .................................................................................

Spearmint oil ......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................

3.65

7.74

34.47

4.78

6.75

3.90

2.20

0.84

8.35

1.76

3.13

25.54

3.11

3.18

2.62

3.02

1.59

(X)

1.08

0.67

4.70

2.47

1.26

2.66

1.70

0.99

0.97

1.77

65.59

80.06

2.54

1.37

2.12

1.96

1.32

(NA)

1.32

2.15

0.10

46.22

31.68

41.26

47.86

0.13

23.45

(NA)

3.84

2.23

3.11

3.22

2.58

2.89

34.53

4,796,120

273,832,130

102,920,110

108,751,490

47,218,060

61,533,430

929,310

70,080

9,048,220

176,390

6,272,360

3,751,210

61,755,240

44,775,060

2,230,480

14,749,710

1,110,130

5,140,110

146,360

13,580

3,057,850

2,100

81,390

82,054,800

1,263,570

3,769,850

3,600,070

169,780

31,965,560

29,235,840

345,960

7,570

1,448,090

493,150

240,490

18,420

3,270

27,780

3,000

21,188,480

1,212,720

809,890

19,165,870

1,080

1,201,200

1,590

4,778,960

1,080,770

57,523,940

41,996,160

1,565,710

13,962,060

992,100

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
14 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2012 and 2013 

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2012-2013 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2012 2013

(1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ....................................................................................................... tons

Lemons .......................................................................................................... tons

Oranges ......................................................................................................... tons

Tangelos (Florida) .......................................................................................... tons

Tangerines and mandarins ............................................................................. tons

Noncitrus

Apples ............................................................................................. 1,000 pounds

Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons

Bananas (Hawaii) .......................................................................................pounds

Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons

Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons

Papayas (Hawaii) .......................................................................................pounds

Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons

Pears ............................................................................................................. tons

Prunes, dried (California) ............................................................................... tons

Prunes and plums (excludes California) ......................................................... tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .....................................................................pounds

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons

Pecans, in-shell ..........................................................................................pounds

Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons

Maple syrup ...............................................................................................gallons

1,154

850

9,002

52

648

9,061.1

60.8

7,343.4

160.0

978.3

858.2

138.0

13.2

1,890,000

34.7

302,800

470

1,908

1,190

872

8,380

45

687

(NA)

3,253

(NA) Not available.

1 Production years are 2011-2012 and 2012-2013.
Crop Production (July 2013) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2012 and 2013 

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2012-2013 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2012 2013

(metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit .............................................................................................................

Lemons ................................................................................................................

Oranges ................................................................................................................

Tangelos (Florida) ................................................................................................

Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................

Noncitrus

Apples ..................................................................................................................

Apricots ................................................................................................................

Bananas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................

Grapes .................................................................................................................

Olives (California) .................................................................................................

Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................

Peaches ...............................................................................................................

Pears ....................................................................................................................

Prunes, dried (California) ......................................................................................

Prunes and plums (excludes California) ................................................................

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................

Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................

Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................

Maple syrup ..........................................................................................................

1,046,890

771,110

8,166,480

47,170

587,860

4,110,050

55,160

6,661,820

145,150

887,460

778,580

125,190

12,010

857,290

31,480

137,350

426,380

9,540

1,079,550

791,070

7,602,210

40,820

623,240

(NA)

16,260

(NA) Not available.

1 Production years are 2011-2012 and 2012-2013.
16 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat for Grain Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat-producing States 

during 2013. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat for grain fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to 

obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in these tables are based on counts from this survey.

Winter Wheat Objective Yield Percent of Samples Processed in the Lab – United States: 2009-2013 

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Year

June July August

Mature 1 Mature 1 Mature 1

(percent) (percent) (percent)

2009 ....................................

2010 ....................................

2011 ....................................

2012 ....................................

2013 ....................................

5

8

24

57

12

57

58

60

77

55

91

87

86

92

1 Includes winter wheat in the hard dough stage or beyond and are considered mature or almost mature.
Crop Production (July 2013) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2009-2013 

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Colorado

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Illinois

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Kansas

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Missouri

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Montana

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Nebraska

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Ohio

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Oklahoma

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Texas

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

Washington

July ...................................................

August ..............................................

Final .................................................

44.0

44.1

43.9

58.1

58.4

58.4

45.5

45.5

45.5

49.7

49.7

49.7

37.1

35.8

36.0

51.5

50.8

50.8

57.8

58.2

58.2

38.7

38.7

38.7

35.2

35.2

35.1

36.0

35.6

35.4

47.3

48.6

48.6

44.5

44.5

44.5

44.6

44.6

44.6

39.8

39.2

39.2

44.7

44.7

45.0

47.1

48.1

48.1

62.1

62.1

62.1

36.5

36.5

36.5

35.9

35.9

35.9

40.2

39.2

39.2

45.3

45.0

45.0

60.0

60.1

60.1

42.2

42.2

42.2

50.7

48.9

48.9

44.3

46.7

46.9

54.3

54.6

54.6

56.1

56.2

56.2

37.7

37.7

37.7

32.7

32.8

32.9

41.3

41.5

41.4

41.0

41.0

41.0

56.5

56.5

56.5

46.5

46.7

46.7

49.9

49.9

49.9

44.1

44.7

45.0

50.7

50.7

50.7

58.3

58.3

58.3

47.7

47.7

47.7

34.3

34.3

34.3

37.3

36.6

36.9

32.1

60.9

50.4

54.6

43.7

38.5

53.0

51.7

33.3

38.0

1 Final head counts will be published in the Small Grains 2013 Summary.
18

 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Production (July 2013) 19

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

June Weather Summary 

Wet weather in the eastern one-third of the United States and across the Nation’s Northern Tier maintained abundant to 

locally excessive moisture reserves for pastures and summer crops. In particular, more than two-thirds of the spring 

wheat, corn, and soybean crops were rated in good to excellent condition by the end of June, despite widespread spring 

planting delays.

In contrast, little or no rain fell from southern California to the central and southern Rockies. Although much of this 

region typically experiences dry weather during June, the lack of rain aggravated the effects of long-term drought. In 

addition, Southwestern heat and drought boosted irrigation demands, stressed rangeland, and hampered wildfire 

containment efforts.

Between wet and dry regions, spotty showers affected the Nation’s mid-section. Showers provided temporary relief to 

drought-stressed rangeland, pastures, and dryland summer crops on the central and southern High Plains, but failed to 

improve long-term precipitation deficits. Meanwhile, a subtle drying trend across eastern sections of the central and 

southern Plains, as well as parts of the Mid-South, led to a slight decline in crop conditions by month’s end.

June Agricultural Summary

Near-normal temperatures and abundant rainfall blanketed much of the country from the Mississippi River Valley 

eastward during June, providing favorable conditions for developing summer crops but limiting fieldwork in some areas. 

Most notably, portions of the Southeast accumulated more than 12 inches or rainfall during the month, with Tropical 

Storm Andrea dumping more than 4 inches in many Atlantic Coast States during the week ending June 9. Conversely, 

June delivered hot, dry weather to the Southwest and Four Corners regions, exacerbating prolonged drought conditions 

and providing little relief for irrigation water supply shortages in some areas.

With heavy rainfall continuing to limit fieldwork in portions of the Corn Belt, producers had planted 91 percent of this 

year’s corn crop by June 2, nine percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By 

June 9, eighty-five percent of the crop had emerged, 14 percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind 

the 5-year average. In Iowa, warmth and sunshine were needed to boost crop development. Strong storms dumped 

additional moisture on corn fields across the eastern Corn Belt mid-month, leaving standing water and evidence of wind 

damage. Warmer, drier weather was welcomed throughout much of the Midwest during the latter half of June benefitting 

not only the developing crop, but providing producers time to plant any remaining acreage. By June 23, ninety-six percent 

of the corn crop had emerged, 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By month’s end, silking was evident in 

10 of the 18 major estimating States; however, progress lagged normal throughout much of the Midwest due to the slowed 

planting pace earlier this year. Overall, 67 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, 

compared with 63 percent on June 2 and 48 percent from the same period last year.

By June 2, sorghum producers had planted 52 percent of the Nation’s crop, 23 percentage points behind last year and 

8 percentage points behind the 5-year average. While planting was nearing completion ahead of the normal pace across 

most regions in Texas, progress in Kansas was 13 percentage points, or over 2 weeks, behind normal. As June progressed, 

producers in Kansas maximized the days suitable for fieldwork, planting nearly half of their crop during the two weeks 

ending June 16. With activity limited to Louisiana and Texas, 18 percent of this year’s sorghum crop was at or beyond the 

heading stage by June 16, six percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. 

Coloring was evident in the Lower Valley region of Texas mid-month, while some producers in the Coastal Bend applied 

Round-Up to ready their fields for harvest. Nationally, producers had planted 97 percent of the sorghum crop by June 30, 

on par with last year but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nearly one-quarter of the sorghum crop was at 

or beyond the heading stage. With hot temperatures spurring a rapid crop maturity pace, harvest was underway in 

southern Texas by month’s end. Overall, 49 percent of the sorghum crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

June 30, compared with 53 percent on June 16 and 34 percent from the same period last year.

Slowed by lingering rainfall and saturated fields in the northern Great Plains and Great Lakes regions, producers had sown 

94 percent of the Nation’s oat crop by June 2, six percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Similarly, emergence was complete or nearing completion in most areas, but lagged normal by 
20 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

15 percentage points or more in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Wisconsin. In Texas, harvest was underway but behind 

normal. By June 16, forty-two percent of the Nation’s crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 33 percentage points 

behind last year and 11 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Following a slowed seeding pace and with cool, wet 

weather hampering crop development, heading delays of 21 percentage points or more were evident in Minnesota and 

Wisconsin, the two largest oat-producing States. Nationwide, 66 percent of the oat crop was at or beyond the heading 

stage by month’s end, 30 percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 

59 percent of the oat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 56 percent on June 2 

and 65 percent from the same period last year.

Barley producers had sown 83 percent of the Nation’s crop by June 2, seventeen percentage points behind last year and 

10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-two percent of the crop had emerged, 33 percentage points behind 

last year and 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With rainfall continuing to limit or prevent fieldwork and 

flooding and crusted fields hampering emergence, the most significant delays were evident in North Dakota. Seeding was 

complete in Idaho, Montana, and Washington by June 9, with head development evident in the Pacific Northwest States. 

Warmer, drier weather in North Dakota mid-month afforded producers an opportunity to seed additional acreage; 

however, progress remained 3 weeks behind normal on June 16. Nationally, 97 percent of the barley crop was sown and 

94 percent had emerged by June 30. Heading was well behind last year but just slightly behind normal at month’s end as 

warm, mostly dry weather quickly matured the developing crop in the Pacific Northwest. Overall, 68 percent of the barley 

crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 66 percent on June 2 and 61 percent from the 

same period last year.

With drought conditions limiting head development in portions of the Great Plains and cool spring temperatures delaying 

green up earlier in the season, 73 percent of the 2013 winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 2, 

fifteen percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. With activity limited to 

Arkansas, California, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Texas, 5 percent of the winter wheat crop was harvested by June 9, 

representing the slowest harvest pace since 2007. In Kansas, hot temperatures mid-month quickly matured the wheat crop, 

prompting test cutting near the Oklahoma border; however, widespread harvesting did not begin until the week ending 

June 23, well behind both last year and the normal pace. Heading was complete or nearly complete in all major estimating 

States except Idaho, Montana, and South Dakota by June 23. Producers had harvested 43 percent of the Nation’s crop by 

month’s end, 30 percentage points behind last year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 34 percent 

of the winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 32 percent on June 2. 

Comparison data for the previous year were not available due to the earliness of last year’s harvest.

Spring wheat producers had sown 80 percent of this year’s crop by June 2, twenty percentage points behind last year and 

12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Prolonged dryness coupled with above average temperatures negatively 

impacted the spring wheat crop in Washington during the first half of June, while seeding continued as conditions allowed 

in Montana and North Dakota. By June 16, eighty-four percent of the spring wheat crop had emerged, 16 percentage 

points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Beneficial rainfall in the Pacific Northwest 

helped to sustain crop conditions during late-June, as head development gained speed. Seeding was complete in most 

States by month’s end. Nationally, 18 percent of the spring wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 30, 

fifty-one percentage points behind last year and 14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 68 percent of the 

spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 64 percent on June 2 and 

71 percent from the same period last year.

As June began, rice seeding was complete or nearly complete in all producing States. In Arkansas, additional heavy 

rainfall led to some levees being washed out. By June 9, heading was underway in Louisiana and Texas. Permanent 

flooding of fields increased in Arkansas mid-month, while producers in Louisiana treated their fields with fungicides to 

help control sheath blight and blast. By June 16, ninety-eight percent of the Nation’s rice crop had emerged, slightly ahead 

of last year and 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Toward month’s end, hot temperatures coupled with a 

limited supply of irrigation water led to some deterioration of rice conditions in Texas. With activity limited to the lower 

Delta and Texas, 7 percent of this year’s rice crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 30, twelve percentage 

points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 66 percent of the rice crop was 

reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 61 percent on June 2 and 72 percent from the same 

period last year.
Crop Production (July 2013) 21

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

With an abundance of spring moisture limiting fieldwork throughout much of the Corn Belt, northern Great Plains, and 

Great Lakes regions, soybean producers had planted just 57 percent of this year’s crop by June 2, representing the slowest 

planting pace since 1996 when 45 percent of the crop was in the ground on June 2. In Iowa, unfavorable weather 

continued to limit fieldwork, allowing just 60 percent of the State’s intended soybean crop to be planted by June 9, 

representing the slowest planting pace since 1993. Nationally, 66 percent of the soybean crop had emerged by June 16, 

twenty-eight percentage points behind last year and 14 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Improved weather 

during the latter half of June not only afforded producers in portions of the Corn Belt time to complete a variety of 

fieldwork previously impacted by prolonged rainfall and saturated soils, but boosted crop development as well. Heavy 

rainfall in the northern Great Plains led to localized flooding and some crop damage during the week ending June 23. By 

month’s end, 96 percent of the Nation’s soybean crop was planted, with 91 percent emerged. Overall, 67 percent of the 

soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 64 percent on June 16 and 

45 percent from the same period last year.

Producers were steadily planting peanuts when June began, with 84 percent of the crop in the ground Nationwide by 

June 2, slightly behind the 5-year average. In Alabama, fieldwork was halted in some southeastern counties, where soil 

moisture was reported as mostly very short to short. By mid-June, planting was complete or nearing completion in most 

States. Much-needed rainfall eased the abnormally dry conditions in southern Alabama, benefitting the developing crop. 

Peg development was evident in all major producing States except Virginia by June 23. Toward month’s end, widespread 

rainfall in the Southeast boosted crop conditions. By June 30, twenty-one percent of the Nation’s peanut crop was at or 

beyond the pegging stage, 13 percentage points behind last year and 7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. 

Overall, 72 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 66 percent 

on June 16 and 68 percent from the same period last year.

As June began, significant planting delays were evident in the four major sunflower-producing States. By June 2, just 

15 percent of the Nation’s crop was planted, 46 percentage points behind last year and 28 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. With producers utilizing every favorable weather opportunity, planting gained speed mid-month and 

progressed rapidly during late-June. By month’s end, 90 percent of this year’s sunflower crop was planted, 9 percentage 

points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average.

By June 2, producers had planted 82 percent of this year’s cotton crop, 5 percentage points behind last year and slightly 

behind the 5-year average. In Georgia, producers were monitoring recently emerged fields for thrips, while heavy rainfall 

delayed planting of double-cropped cotton that typically follows winter wheat. Ninety-five percent of the Nation’s cotton 

crop was planted by June 16, three percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. 

While planting was complete or nearing completion throughout much of Texas, some dryland producers continued to wait 

for much-needed moisture before putting expensive seed in the ground. In California, warm temperatures benefitted crop 

development, with squaring advancing well ahead of the average pace. Nationwide, 23 percent of the cotton crop was at 

or beyond the squaring stage by June 23, eleven percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Toward month’s end, irrigated cotton in the Texas Plains was developing well, while hot temperatures 

spurred the maturation rate of the crop in more southern portions of the State. Nationally, 6 percent of the cotton crop was 

setting bolls by June 30, seven percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. 

Overall, 47 percent of the cotton crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 42 percent 

on June 9 and 47 percent from the same period last year.

By June 2, producers had planted 96 percent of the sugarbeet crop, 4 percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage 

points behind the 5-year average.

Crop Comments 

Oats: Production is forecast at 74.5 million bushels, up 16 percent from 2012. If realized, this will be the third lowest 

production on record. Growers expect to harvest 1.20 million acres for grain or seed, unchanged from Acreage report 

released on June 28, 2013 but up 14 percent from last year.
22 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 62.3 bushels per acre, up 1.0 bushel 

from 2012. If realized, Idaho’s expected yield for 2013 will be a record high.

The 2013 oat crop has developed well behind the normal pace in most of the nine major producing States due to a delay in 

plantings. As of May 5, fifty-seven percent of the oat acreage was planted, 36 percentage points behind last year’s pace 

and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of June 30, sixty-six percent of the oat acreage was headed, 

30 percentage points behind last year’s pace and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of June 30, 

fifty-nine percent of the oat crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 65 percent at the same time last 

year.

Barley: Production for the 2013 barley crop is forecast at 220 million bushels, down fractionally from 2012. Based on 

conditions as of July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 71.4 bushels per acre, up 3.5 bushels from last 

year. Area harvested for grain or seed, at 3.08 million acres, is unchanged from the previous forecast but down 5 percent 

from 2012.

In Utah, producers are expecting a record high yield. When compared with last year, yield was expected to increase 

throughout much of the United States due to timely rainfall during the growing season. Conversely, hot, dry conditions 

coupled with a less than adequate supply of irrigation water in the Pacific Coast States led to expected decreases in yield 

this year.

With persistently wet weather causing significant seeding delays in Minnesota and North Dakota throughout much of 

spring, producers had sown 83 percent of the Nation’s crop by June 2, seventeen percentage points behind last year and 

10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Sixty-two percent of the crop had emerged, 33 percentage points behind 

last year and 15 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Seeding was complete in Idaho, Montana, and Washington 

by June 9, with head development evident in the Pacific Northwest States. Warmer, drier weather in North Dakota 

mid-month afforded producers an opportunity to seed additional acreage; however, progress was reported as being 

3 weeks behind normal on June 16. Heading was well behind last year but just slightly behind normal at month’s end as 

warm, mostly dry weather quickly matured the developing crop in the Pacific Northwest. Overall, 68 percent of the barley 

crop was reported in good to excellent condition on June 30, compared with 66 percent on June 2 and 61 percent from the 

same period last year.

Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.54 billion bushels, up 2 percent from the June 1 forecast but down 6 percent 

from 2012. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 47.8 bushels per acre, up 1.7 bushels from 

last month and up 0.6 bushel from last year. If realized, this will equal the United States record high yield established in 

1999. The area expected to be harvested for grain or seed totals 32.3 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report 

released on June 28, 2013 but down 7 percent from last year.

As of June 30, harvest progress was behind normal in all Hard Red Winter (HRW) States except California. Yield 

increases from last month in the HRW growing area are expected in Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South 

Dakota, and Texas. 

As of June 30, harvest progress in the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area was behind normal in all major producing 

States. Yield increases from last month are expected throughout the SRW growing area. Growers in Kentucky, New York, 

and Pennsylvania are expecting record high yields. Yield forecasts in the Pacific Northwest States are down from the 

previous month's forecasts.

Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 57.5 million bushels, down 30 percent from 2012. The United States yield is 

forecast at 38.3 bushels per acre, down 0.7 bushel from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 

1.50 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released June 28, 2013 but down 29 percent from last year.

Due to excessive moisture this season, crop development has progressed significantly behind normal in Montana and 

North Dakota, the two largest Durum-producing States. As of June 30, crop condition in Montana and North Dakota was 

rated 69 and 80 percent good to excellent, respectively. Yield forecasts are up from last year in most major producing 

States except California. 
Crop Production (July 2013) 23

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 513 million bushels, down 5 percent from last year. Area harvested for 

grain is expected to total 12.0 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released June 28, 2013 but down 

1 percent from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 42.9 bushels per acre, 2.1 bushels below 2012. 

Crop development has been behind normal this spring primarily due to excessive moisture. In the six major producing 

States, 18 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage as of June 30, fifty-one percentage points behind last 

year and 14 percentage points less than the 5-year average. 

Compared with last year, yield decreases are expected in Minnesota, North Dakota, and Washington, where showers and 

thunderstorms have delayed crop development. As of June 30, sixty-eight percent of the spring wheat crop was rated as 

good to excellent compared with 71 percent at the same time last year.

Tobacco: United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 493 million pounds, up 4 percent from the 

2012 crop. Area harvested, at 217,000 acres, is 5 percent above last year. Yield per acre for flue-cured tobacco is forecast 

at 2,273 pounds, down 23 pounds from a year ago. If realized, the Georgia flue-cured tobacco yield will be a record high.

Grapefruit: The 2012-2013 United States grapefruit crop is forecast at 1.19 million tons, up 2 percent from the previous 

forecast and up 3 percent from last season’s final utilization. Harvest was virtually complete in Florida by the end of June.

Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 687,000 tons, down 3 percent 

from the previous forecast but up 6 percent from last season’s final utilization. If realized, California’s forecasted 

production of 13.0 million boxes would be a new record high for the State.

Lemons: The forecast for the 2012-2013 United States lemon crop is 872,000 tons, unchanged from the previous forecast 

but up 3 percent from last season’s final utilization. In California, lemon harvest continued with most growers expecting 

to be finished by the end of July. 

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 1.00 million boxes (45,000 tons), unchanged from the June forecast but down 

13 percent from last season’s final utilization. Harvest of tangelos in Florida is complete.

Florida citrus: In the citrus growing region, high temperatures for the month ranged from the upper 80s to lower 90s. 

Rainfall was widespread and heavy in places, eliminating drought conditions in all of the citrus producing regions. 

Harvest of Valencias and grapefruit is virtually finished. Growers were concentrating on next year’s crop. Field workers 

reported that trees and fruit in cared for groves look very good due to rainfall over the past several weeks. Production 

practices in all areas included summer spraying and Psyllid control.

California citrus: Citrus groves were treated with foliar nutrients and thrips sprays. Trees continued to shed weak fruit 

due to high temperatures. Netting was removed from seedless varieties of mandarin groves. Late Navel orange harvest 

neared completion. Valencia orange harvest continued. Ruby Red grapefruit was harvested.

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: Early variety peaches, nectarines, and plums continued to be harvested. Harvest 

began on mid-season varieties. Apricots and cherries were harvested. Clingstone peaches were thinned and sprayed with 

fungicides. Prunes were sprayed with insecticides and potassium. Stone fruit growers were concerned about mid-June 

rains affecting ripe fruit. Hot temperatures late in the month increased the need for irrigation for all crops. Grape growers 

in Napa Valley finished up vine training, pruning, and bunch thinning. Growers were applying pesticides for the European 

Grapevine Moth. Grapes in the Central Valley were moving into veraison. Growers across the State were irrigating and 

treating to control fungus, mildew, and mites. Leaves were thinned to allow for more sunlight and airflow. Grape 

development continued. Grape harvest was expected to start earlier than normal throughout the State. Blueberries and 

strawberries continued to be picked and packed. Pomegranate and olive bloom was complete as fruit developed. Fruit was 

growing on apple and pear trees. Kiwis were growing well with some fruit thinning occurring. Herbicides and mowing 

were used to control weeds and grasses in walnut and almond orchards. Mid-June rains were a concern to nut growers due 

to the increased risk of rot and blight. Almond growers continued to irrigate and fertilize as they waited for hull split next

month. Mites continued to be a problem for almonds in the southern part of the State. The walnut crop continued to 
24 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

develop as orchards were sprayed for codling moths and treated with sunburn preventatives. Pistachio shells have 

hardened.
Crop Production (July 2013) 25

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology 

Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 24 and July 5 to 

gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted 

for 65 percent of the 2012 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported 

acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made 

within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and 

number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with 

similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to 

obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and 

weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting 

loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal 

interviewers. Approximately 8,300 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the 

probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide 

indications of average yields.

Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the July 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which 

accounts for 72 percent of the United States production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of the season 

based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on administrative data or 

special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In September and 

subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined with the previous 

components, are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct grower and packer 

surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys 

in September for Navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.

Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for 

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their 

analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State 

analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts.

Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, 

reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were 

also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural 

Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast.

Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month 

throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing 

season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. 

Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season 

orange estimates will be published in September’s Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on 

all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and 

processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a 

statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the 

final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the 

latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." 

Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final 

end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent 

years.
26 Crop Production (July 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 1.9 percent. This means that chances are 

2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 1.9 percent. 

Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 3.4 percent. Differences between 

the July 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 23 million 

bushels, ranging from less than 1 million to 65 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 

9 times and above 11 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or 

overstate final production.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 orange production forecast is 1.5 percent. However, if you exclude the three 

abnormal production seasons (one freeze and two hurricane seasons), the “Root Mean Square Error” is 1.4 percent. This 

means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates 

by more than 1.5 percent, or 1.4 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence 

level) that the difference will not exceed 2.5 percent, or 2.4 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. 

Changes between the July 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 122,000 tons 

(115,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 14,000 tons to 370,000 tons regardless of exclusions. The 

July 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times (below 5 times and above 

12 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the July 1 forecast this year is likely to 

understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production (July 2013) 27

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts 

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section.................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

 Brent Chittenden – Oats, Rye, Wheat.............................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Angie Considine – Peanuts, Rice..................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688

 Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.............................................................................. (202) 720-9526

 Steve Maliszewski – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................................................ (202) 720-5944

 Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay.................................................................................... (202) 720-7621

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................. (202) 720-7369

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127

 Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries..................................... (202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco .............................................. (202) 720-4288

 Chris Hawthorn – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits ........................................ (202) 720-5412

 Dave Losh – Hops............................................................................................................................ (360) 709-2400 

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans .................................................. (202) 720-3250

 Daphne Schauber – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes .............................................. (202) 720-4285

 Erika White – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ....................................................... (202) 720-4215
Access to NASS Reports 

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:

 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov

 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free 

subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Follow NASS” box under “Receive reports by Email,” 

click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 

7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

 

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