Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released September 12, 2013, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States 

Department of Agriculture (USDA).

Update Alert – September 12, 2013 

The Arizona, California, New Mexico, and Texas all cotton yield estimates for September 2013 on page 13 were 

corrected.

Special Note

USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service is suspending a number of statistical surveys and reports for the 

remainder of the fiscal year resulting from reduced funding. Suspended commodity programs impacting the 

September Crop Production report are hazelnuts and walnuts. Check the NASS website at www.nass.usda.gov for any 

future updates to these programs. 

Corn Production Up Less Than 1 Percent from August Forecast

Soybean Production Down 3 Percent 

Cotton Production Down 1 Percent 

Corn production is forecast at 13.8 billion bushels, up less than 1 percent from the August forecast and up 28 percent 

from 2012. If realized, this will be a new record production for the United States. Based on conditions as of September 1, 

yields are expected to average 155.3 bushels per acre, up 0.9 bushels from the August forecast and 31.9 bushels above the 

2012 average. If realized, this will be the highest average yield since 2009. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 

89.1 million acres, unchanged from the August forecast but up 2 percent from 2012.

Soybean production is forecast at 3.15 billion bushels, down 3 percent from August but up 4 percent from last year. If 

realized, production will be the fourth largest on record. Based on September 1 conditions, yields are expected to average 

41.2 bushels per acre, down 1.4 bushels from last month but up 1.6 bushels from last year. Area for harvest in the United 

States is forecast at 76.4 million acres, unchanged from August but up slightly from 2012.

All cotton production is forecast at 12.9 million 480-pound bales, down 1 percent from last month and down 26 percent 

from last year. Yield is expected to average 796 pounds per harvested acre, down 91 pounds from last year. Upland cotton 

production is forecast at 12.3 million 480-pound bales, down 26 percent from 2012. Pima cotton production, forecast at 

625,500 bales, is down 20 percent from last year. Producers expect to harvest 7.78 million acres of all cotton, down 

17 percent from 2012. This harvested total includes 7.58 million acres of Upland cotton and 198,800 acres of Pima cotton.

California Navel orange production for the 2013-2014 season is forecast at 1.76 million tons (44 million boxes), down 

2 percent from last season. Producers reported good growing conditions this year. The average fruit size is up while 

average fruit per tree is down when compared to previous seasons. This initial forecast is based on an objective 

measurement survey conducted in California’s Central Valley during July and August. Survey results also showed that 

harvest is expected to be earlier than the previous seasons.
2 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This report was approved on September 12, 2013.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Joseph W. Glauber

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (September 2013) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 .................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Corn Production – United States Chart................................................................................................................................... 7

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 .................................................................................................................................................................. 7

Rice Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................ 8

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted

September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................ 10

Soybean Production – United States Chart........................................................................................................................... 11

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................ 11

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2012 and 2013 ........................................................................... 12

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2012 and Forecasted September 1, 2013............................................................... 12

Cotton Production – United States Chart.............................................................................................................................. 12

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................ 13

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013 .............................................................................................................................................. 14

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................ 14

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013 .............................................................................................................................................. 15

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and United States: 

2012 and 2013....................................................................................................................................................................... 16

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2013 Crop .............................................................. 17

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Seven-State Total: 2013 Crop.......................................................... 18

Utilized Production of Oranges by Crop – States and United States: 2012-2013 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013 ................................................................................................................................................................ 19

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2012 and 2013................... 20
4 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 2012 and 2013........................22

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2012 and 2013...................................................................24

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2012 and 2013 .......................................................................25

Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2009-2013 .............................................................................26

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2009-2013 ..............................................................................27

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2009-2013 .......................................................................28

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2009-2013.............................................................................................29

Percent of Normal Precipitation Map....................................................................................................................................30

Departure from Normal Temperature Map ...........................................................................................................................30

August Weather Summary ....................................................................................................................................................31

August Agricultural Summary ..............................................................................................................................................31

Crop Comments ....................................................................................................................................................................33

Statistical Methodology.........................................................................................................................................................37

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts.........................................................................................................38

Information Contacts.............................................................................................................................................................39
Crop Production (September 2013) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

This page intentionally left blank.
6 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama .........................

Arkansas .........................

California ........................

Colorado .........................

Delaware ........................

Georgia ...........................

Illinois ..............................

Indiana ............................

Iowa ................................

Kansas ............................

Kentucky .........................

Louisiana ........................

Maryland .........................

Michigan .........................

Minnesota .......................

Mississippi ......................

Missouri ..........................

Nebraska ........................

New Jersey .....................

New York ........................

North Carolina .................

North Dakota ...................

Ohio ................................

Oklahoma .......................

Pennsylvania ..................

South Carolina ................

South Dakota ..................

Tennessee ......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

Washington .....................

Wisconsin .......................

Other States 1.................

United States ..................

295

695

180

1,010

178

310

12,250

6,030

13,700

3,950

1,530

530

435

2,390

8,330

795

3,300

9,100

86

680

820

3,460

3,650

295

1,000

310

5,300

960

1,550

350

115

3,300

491

87,375

280

970

170

1,020

174

450

11,900

5,900

13,500

4,200

1,500

740

430

2,470

8,200

900

3,250

9,800

80

750

880

3,600

3,680

340

1,100

325

5,300

880

2,100

320

135

3,250

541

89,135

98.0

178.0

185.0

133.0

135.0

180.0

105.0

99.0

137.0

96.0

68.0

173.0

122.0

133.0

165.0

165.0

75.0

142.0

118.0

134.0

117.0

122.0

123.0

110.0

132.0

122.0

101.0

85.0

130.0

103.0

215.0

121.0

162.7

123.4

145.0

170.0

190.0

145.0

165.0

181.0

165.0

166.0

163.0

116.0

154.0

165.0

155.0

158.0

166.0

165.0

130.0

161.0

138.0

150.0

132.0

116.0

172.0

115.0

150.0

124.0

138.0

146.0

138.0

145.0

215.0

144.0

164.1

154.4

145.0

175.0

190.0

143.0

160.0

183.0

165.0

166.0

162.0

125.0

158.0

175.0

155.0

158.0

166.0

170.0

125.0

164.0

138.0

150.0

132.0

111.0

172.0

115.0

150.0

127.0

145.0

152.0

138.0

145.0

215.0

143.0

164.1

155.3

28,910

123,710

33,300

134,330

24,030

55,800

1,286,250

596,970

1,876,900

379,200

104,040

91,690

53,070

317,870

1,374,450

131,175

247,500

1,292,200

10,148

91,120

95,940

422,120

448,950

32,450

132,000

37,820

535,300

81,600

201,500

36,050

24,725

399,300

79,878

10,780,296

40,600

169,750

32,300

145,860

27,840

82,350

1,963,500

979,400

2,187,000

525,000

237,000

129,500

66,650

390,260

1,361,200

153,000

406,250

1,607,200

11,040

112,500

116,160

399,600

632,960

39,100

165,000

41,275

768,500

133,760

289,800

46,400

29,025

464,750

88,790

13,843,320

1 Other States include Arizona, Florida, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will 

be published in the Crop Production 2013 Summary.
Crop Production (September 2013) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sorghum for Grain Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas .......................

Colorado ........................

Illinois ............................

Kansas ..........................

Louisiana .......................

Mississippi .....................

Missouri .........................

Nebraska .......................

New Mexico ...................

Oklahoma ......................

South Dakota .................

Texas ............................

Other States 1................

United States .................

135

150

27

2,100

123

46

55

60

19

150

140

1,900

50

4,955

165

190

18

2,600

125

42

80

80

40

220

170

2,300

55

6,085

84.0

20.0

60.0

39.0

100.0

84.0

58.0

59.0

42.0

27.0

42.0

59.0

67.0

49.8

80.0

30.0

69.0

65.0

100.0

80.0

82.0

66.0

40.0

50.0

65.0

50.0

61.8

59.0

85.0

30.0

95.0

75.0

100.0

80.0

74.0

62.0

40.0

53.0

71.0

54.0

61.8

65.1

11,340

3,000

1,620

81,900

12,300

3,864

3,190

3,540

798

4,050

5,880

112,100

3,350

246,932

14,025

5,700

1,710

195,000

12,500

3,360

5,920

4,960

1,600

11,660

12,070

124,200

3,400

396,105

1 Other States include Arizona and Georgia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2013 Summary.

9.0

10.0

11.0

12.0

13.0

14.0

 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Billion bushels

Corn Production – United States
8 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013

[Sweet rice acreage included with short grain. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

Area planted Area harvested

2012 2013 12012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Long grain

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

Louisiana ......................

Mississippi ....................

Missouri ........................

Texas ............................

United States ................

Medium grain

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

Louisiana ......................

Missouri ........................

Texas ............................

United States ................

Short grain 

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

United States ................

All rice

Arkansas .......................

California ......................

Louisiana ......................

Mississippi ....................

Missouri ........................

Texas ............................

United States ................

1,175

6

375

130

176

132

1,994

115

500

27

4

3

649

1

55

56

1,291

561

402

130

180

135

2,699

955

6

395

130

152

142

1,780

120

510

22

4

3

659

1

45

46

1,076

561

417

130

156

145

2,485

1,170

6

370

129

173

131

1,979

114

495

27

4

3

643

1

55

56

1,285

556

397

129

177

134

2,678

950

6

390

129

149

141

1,765

119

505

22

4

3

653

1

45

46

1,070

556

412

129

153

144

2,464

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (September 2013) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Rice Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013 (continued)

[Sweet rice production included with short grain. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Class and State

Yield per acre Production

2012

2013

2012 2013 2

August 1 September 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Long grain

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Texas ....................................

United States .........................

Medium grain

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Missouri .................................

Texas ....................................

United States .........................

Short grain 

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

United States .........................

All rice

Arkansas ...............................

California ...............................

Louisiana ...............................

Mississippi .............................

Missouri .................................

Texas ....................................

United States .........................

7,490

5,000

6,440

7,200

7,000

8,400

7,285

7,280

8,300

6,340

6,540

7,100

8,020

6,000

6,700

6,688

7,470

8,110

6,430

7,200

6,990

8,370

7,449

7,200

8,300

6,700

6,800

6,990

8,700

7,406

7,350

8,300

6,800

7,100

7,010

8,600

7,511

87,633

300

23,828

9,288

12,110

11,004

144,163

8,299

41,085

1,712

262

213

51,571

60

3,685

3,745

95,992

45,070

25,540

9,288

12,372

11,217

199,479

126,546

55,243

3,288

78,645

46,148

28,016

9,159

10,725

12,384

185,077

1 Updated from previous estimate.

2

Indicated September 1, 2013, rice class estimates are based on a 5-year average of class percentages. The class percentages are adjusted as data 

become available through the growing season. State estimates by class will be published in the Crop Production 2013 Summary.
10 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybeans for Beans Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Alabama ..........................

Arkansas ..........................

Delaware .........................

Georgia ............................

Illinois ...............................

Indiana .............................

Iowa .................................

Kansas .............................

Kentucky ..........................

Louisiana .........................

Maryland ..........................

Michigan ..........................

Minnesota ........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

Nebraska .........................

New Jersey ......................

New York .........................

North Carolina ..................

North Dakota ....................

Ohio .................................

Oklahoma ........................

Pennsylvania ...................

South Carolina .................

South Dakota ...................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ...............................

Virginia .............................

Wisconsin ........................

Other States 1..................

United States ...................

335

3,160

168

215

8,920

5,140

9,300

3,810

1,470

1,115

475

1,990

6,990

1,950

5,260

4,990

94

312

1,580

4,730

4,580

260

520

370

4,710

1,230

110

580

1,700

40

76,104

410

3,300

158

250

9,350

5,230

9,430

3,690

1,590

1,080

465

1,890

6,630

1,900

5,640

4,750

94

317

1,580

4,360

4,530

405

550

390

4,650

1,330

95

600

1,670

44

76,378

45.0

43.0

42.5

37.0

43.0

43.5

44.5

22.0

40.0

46.0

47.0

43.0

43.0

45.0

29.5

41.5

39.0

46.0

39.0

34.0

45.0

15.0

48.0

34.0

30.0

38.0

26.0

42.0

41.5

44.0

39.6

40.0

41.0

40.0

35.0

47.0

50.0

46.0

36.0

44.0

43.0

45.0

45.0

41.0

42.0

39.0

47.0

39.0

49.0

30.0

32.0

50.0

25.0

50.0

27.0

36.0

42.0

28.0

42.0

42.0

42.2

42.6

40.0

42.0

41.0

35.0

46.0

48.0

43.0

36.0

45.0

45.0

43.0

43.0

39.0

42.0

35.0

47.0

40.0

47.0

30.0

29.0

49.0

27.0

50.0

28.0

35.0

43.0

28.0

40.0

40.0

41.1

41.2

15,075

135,880

7,140

7,955

383,560

223,590

413,850

83,820

58,800

51,290

22,325

85,570

300,570

87,750

155,170

207,085

3,666

14,352

61,620

160,820

206,100

3,900

24,960

12,580

141,300

46,740

2,860

24,360

70,550

1,760

3,014,998

16,400

138,600

6,478

8,750

430,100

251,040

405,490

132,840

71,550

48,600

19,995

81,270

258,570

79,800

197,400

223,250

3,760

14,899

47,400

126,440

221,970

10,935

27,500

10,920

162,750

57,190

2,660

24,000

66,800

1,809

3,149,166

1 Other States include Florida and West Virginia. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Crop Production 2013 Summary.
Crop Production (September 2013) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Peanut Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013

State

Area planted Area harvested

2012 2013 12012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Alabama ..............................

Florida .................................

Georgia ...............................

Mississippi ...........................

New Mexico .........................

North Carolina .....................

Oklahoma ............................

South Carolina .....................

Texas ..................................

Virginia ................................

United States .......................

220.0

210.0

735.0

52.0

10.0

107.0

24.0

110.0

150.0

20.0

1,638.0

140.0

135.0

430.0

34.0

6.0

81.0

18.0

81.0

117.0

16.0

1,058.0

219.0

200.0

730.0

49.0

10.0

106.0

22.0

107.0

145.0

20.0

1,608.0

138.0

125.0

425.0

33.0

6.0

80.0

17.0

77.0

113.0

16.0

1,030.0

State

Yield per acre Production

2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Alabama ..............................

Florida .................................

Georgia ...............................

Mississippi ...........................

New Mexico .........................

North Carolina .....................

Oklahoma ............................

South Carolina .....................

Texas ..................................

Virginia ................................

United States .......................

4,000

3,900

4,550

4,400

3,200

4,100

3,800

3,800

3,500

4,200

4,192

3,100

3,600

3,900

3,300

3,200

3,600

4,100

3,100

3,300

3,500

3,620

3,100

3,500

3,900

3,200

3,200

3,600

4,000

3,200

3,500

4,100

3,603

876,000

780,000

3,321,500

215,600

32,000

434,600

83,600

406,600

507,500

84,000

6,741,400

427,800

437,500

1,657,500

105,600

19,200

288,000

68,000

246,400

395,500

65,600

3,711,100

1 Updated from previous estimate.

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Billion bushels

Soybean Production – United States
12 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Planted by Type – States and United States: 2012 and 2013

State

Upland American Pima All

2012 2013 12012 2013 12012 2013 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

 Alabama ........................

 Arizona .........................

 Arkansas .......................

 California .......................

 Florida ...........................

 Georgia .........................

 Kansas ..........................

 Louisiana ......................

 Mississippi ....................

 Missouri ........................

 New Mexico ..................

 North Carolina ...............

 Oklahoma .....................

 South Carolina ..............

 Tennessee ....................

 Texas ............................

 Virginia ..........................

 United States ................

380.0

200.0

595.0

142.0

108.0

1,290.0

56.0

230.0

475.0

350.0

45.0

585.0

305.0

299.0

380.0

6,550.0

86.0

12,076.0

365.0

155.0

305.0

93.0

130.0

1,360.0

27.0

130.0

300.0

250.0

38.0

465.0

185.0

255.0

250.0

5,750.0

78.0

10,136.0

(NA)

3.0

(NA)

225.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2.4

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

8.0

(NA)

238.4

(NA)

1.5

(NA)

187.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3.5

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

9.0

(NA)

201.0

380.0

203.0

595.0

367.0

108.0

1,290.0

56.0

230.0

475.0

350.0

47.4

585.0

305.0

299.0

380.0

6,558.0

86.0

12,314.4

365.0

156.5

305.0

280.0

130.0

1,360.0

27.0

130.0

300.0

250.0

41.5

465.0

185.0

255.0

250.0

5,759.0

78.0

10,337.0

(NA) Not available.

1 Updated from previous estimate.

Cottonseed Production – United States: 2012 and Forecasted September 1, 2013

State

Production

2012 2013 1

(1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

United States ........................... 5,666.0 4,291.0

1 Based on a 3-year average lint-seed ratio.

10.0

12.0

14.0

16.0

18.0

20.0

22.0

24.0

26.0

 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Million bales

Cotton Production – United States
Crop Production (September 2013) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Type – States and United States: 2012 and 

Forecasted September 1, 2013

Type and State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production 1

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 bales) 2(1,000 bales) 2

Upland

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Kansas ............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

American Pima

Arizona ............................

California .........................

New Mexico .....................

Texas ..............................

United States ...................

All 

Alabama ..........................

Arizona ............................

Arkansas .........................

California .........................

Florida .............................

Georgia ...........................

Kansas ............................

Louisiana .........................

Mississippi .......................

Missouri ...........................

New Mexico .....................

North Carolina .................

Oklahoma ........................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Texas ..............................

Virginia ............................

United States ...................

378.0

197.0

585.0

141.0

107.0

1,280.0

54.0

225.0

470.0

330.0

38.0

580.0

140.0

298.0

377.0

3,850.0

85.0

9,135.0

3.0

224.0

2.3

7.5

236.8

378.0

200.0

585.0

365.0

107.0

1,280.0

54.0

225.0

470.0

330.0

40.3

580.0

140.0

298.0

377.0

3,857.5

85.0

9,371.8

363.0

153.0

300.0

92.0

123.0

1,335.0

26.0

125.0

295.0

241.0

34.0

460.0

170.0

253.0

235.0

3,300.0

77.0

7,582.0

1.5

186.0

3.3

8.0

198.8

363.0

154.5

300.0

278.0

123.0

1,335.0

26.0

125.0

295.0

241.0

37.3

460.0

170.0

253.0

235.0

3,308.0

77.0

7,780.8

946

1,474

1,064

1,729

897

1,091

622

1,020

1,014

1,063

1,061

1,014

531

955

946

623

1,118

869

1,168

1,614

1,043

928

1,581

946

1,470

1,064

1,658

897

1,091

622

1,020

1,014

1,063

1,060

1,014

531

955

946

624

1,118

887

768

1,500

1,036

1,585

915

941

662

960

990

1,103

1,191

775

818

663

979

596

1,050

796

864

1,562

1,011

960

1,514

768

1,496

1,036

1,571

915

941

662

960

990

1,103

1,169

775

818

663

979

597

1,050

813

793

1,537

960

1,617

780

899

720

998

1,009

1,036

1,200

699

762

721

950

596

1,022

777

800

1,548

1,018

960

1,510

793

1,530

960

1,571

780

899

720

998

1,009

1,036

1,184

699

762

721

950

597

1,022

796

745.0

605.0

1,297.0

508.0

200.0

2,910.0

70.0

478.0

993.0

731.0

84.0

1,225.0

155.0

593.0

743.0

5,000.0

198.0

16,535.0

7.3

753.0

5.0

14.5

779.8

745.0

612.3

1,297.0

1,261.0

200.0

2,910.0

70.0

478.0

993.0

731.0

89.0

1,225.0

155.0

593.0

743.0

5,014.5

198.0

17,314.8

600.0

490.0

600.0

310.0

200.0

2,500.0

39.0

260.0

620.0

520.0

85.0

670.0

270.0

380.0

465.0

4,100.0

164.0

12,273.0

2.5

600.0

7.0

16.0

625.5

600.0

492.5

600.0

910.0

200.0

2,500.0

39.0

260.0

620.0

520.0

92.0

670.0

270.0

380.0

465.0

4,116.0

164.0

12,898.5

1 Production ginned and to be ginned.

2

480-pound net weight bale.
14 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Sugarcane for Sugar and Seed Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 

2012 and Forecasted September 1, 2013

State

Area harvested Yield per acre 1 Production 1

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Florida .......................

Hawaii .......................

Louisiana ..................

Texas ........................

United States ............

413.0

17.4

428.0

44.0

902.4

413.0

17.5

440.0

40.6

911.1

36.9

75.1

33.0

35.8

35.7

36.9

80.8

28.0

34.4

33.3

36.9

80.8

30.0

34.4

34.3

15,220

1,307

14,124

1,576

32,227

15,240

1,414

13,200

1,397

31,251

1 Net tons.

Sugarbeet Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013

[Relates to year of intended harvest in all States except California]

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(1, 000 acres) (1, 000 acres) (tons) (tons) (tons) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

California 1................

Colorado ...................

Idaho .........................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

Montana ....................

Nebraska ..................

North Dakota .............

Oregon ......................

Wyoming ...................

United States ............

24.5

29.7

182.0

153.0

463.0

45.8

48.9

215.0

11.0

31.3

1,204.2

24.5

26.3

174.0

150.0

460.0

42.9

44.0

223.0

9.3

29.8

1,183.8

44.0

31.8

35.3

29.0

26.5

28.2

29.8

28.0

38.0

28.6

29.3

45.0

31.2

32.7

25.0

22.0

28.1

28.0

22.0

36.2

29.0

25.4

45.0

31.8

33.8

25.0

23.0

28.7

29.5

22.5

35.3

29.8

26.1

1,078

944

6,425

4,437

12,270

1,292

1,457

6,020

418

895

35,236

1,103

836

5,881

3,750

10,580

1,231

1,298

5,018

328

888

30,913

1 Relates to year of intended harvest for fall planted beets in central California and to year of planting for overwintered beets in central and southern 

California.

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2012 and Forecasted 

September 1, 2013

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012

2013

2012 2013

August 1 September 1

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Connecticut ......................

Georgia ............................

Kentucky ..........................

Massachusetts .................

North Carolina ..................

Ohio 1...............................

Pennsylvania ...................

South Carolina .................

Tennessee .......................

Virginia .............................

Other States 2..................

United States ...................

(D)

10,000

87,200

(D)

166,100

1,900

9,600

12,000

23,900

23,080

2,465

336,245

(D)

15,000

92,500

(D)

172,300

2,500

8,900

9,000

21,500

25,100

3,050

349,850

(D)

2,250

2,245

(D)

2,295

2,100

2,394

2,100

2,218

2,322

1,803

2,268

(D)

2,000

2,125

(D)

1,993

1,800

2,466

1,900

2,253

2,261

1,493

2,067

(D)

1,950

2,214

(D)

1,994

1,800

2,466

1,900

2,238

2,261

1,493

2,088

(D)

22,500

195,800

(D)

381,190

3,990

22,985

25,200

53,000

53,599

4,445

762,709

(D)

29,250

204,750

(D)

343,565

4,500

21,950

17,100

48,115

56,760

4,555

730,545

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from an earlier forecast.

2

Includes data withheld above.
Crop Production (September 2013) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class and Type – States and United States: 2012 

and Forecasted September 1, 2013

Class, type, and State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)

Georgia ............................................................................

North Carolina ..................................................................

South Carolina ..................................................................

Virginia .............................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 2, Fire-cured (21-23)

Kentucky ...........................................................................

Tennessee ........................................................................

Virginia .............................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 3A, Light air-cured

Type 31, Burley

 Kentucky .......................................................................

 North Carolina ..............................................................

 Ohio ..............................................................................

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

 Tennessee ....................................................................

 Virginia .........................................................................

 United States ................................................................

Type 32, Southern Maryland Belt

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

Total light air-cured (31-32) ............................................

Class 3B, Dark air-cured (35-37)

Kentucky ...........................................................................

Tennessee ........................................................................

United States ....................................................................

Class 4, Cigar filler

Type 41, Pennsylvania Seedleaf

 Pennsylvania ................................................................

Class 5, Cigar binder

Type 51 Connecticut Valley Broadleaf

 Connecticut ...................................................................

 Massachusetts ..............................................................

 United States ................................................................

Class 6, Cigar wrapper

Type 61, Connecticut Valley Shade-grown

 Connecticut ...................................................................

 Massachusetts ..............................................................

 United States ................................................................

Other cigar types (51-61) ................................................

Total cigar types (41-61) .................................................

All tobacco

United States ....................................................................

10,000

164,000

12,000

20,000

206,000

9,000

6,900

380

16,280

74,000

2,100

1,900

4,700

16,000

2,700

101,400

2,900

104,300

4,200

1,000

5,200

2,000

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

2,465

4,465

336,245

15,000

170,000

9,000

23,000

217,000

10,500

7,500

400

18,400

78,000

2,300

2,500

5,100

13,000

1,700

102,600

2,000

104,600

4,000

1,000

5,000

1,800

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

3,050

4,850

349,850

2,250

2,300

2,100

2,400

2,296

3,500

3,100

2,300

3,302

2,050

1,900

2,100

2,450

1,810

1,750

2,021

2,300

2,028

3,000

2,650

2,933

2,400

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

1,803

2,071

2,268

1,950

2,000

1,900

2,300

2,024

3,500

3,150

2,000

3,325

2,000

1,550

1,800

2,500

1,680

1,800

1,966

2,350

1,973

3,000

2,650

2,930

2,500

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

1,493

1,867

2,088

22,500

377,200

25,200

48,000

472,900

31,500

21,390

874

53,764

151,700

3,990

3,990

11,515

28,960

4,725

204,880

6,670

211,550

12,600

2,650

15,250

4,800

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

4,445

9,245

762,709

29,250

340,000

17,100

52,900

439,250

36,750

23,625

800

61,175

156,000

3,565

4,500

12,750

21,840

3,060

201,715

4,700

206,415

12,000

2,650

14,650

4,500

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

(D)

4,555

9,055

730,545

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.
16 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and 

United States: 2012 and 2013

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Spring 1

Arizona .................................

California ..............................

Florida ...................................

 Hastings area ....................

 All other areas ...................

North Carolina .......................

Texas ....................................

United States ........................

Summer

Colorado ...............................

Delaware ..............................

Illinois ....................................

Kansas ..................................

Maryland ...............................

Missouri ................................

New Jersey ...........................

Texas ....................................

Virginia ..................................

United States ........................

Fall 2

California ..............................

Colorado ...............................

 San Luis Valley .................

 All other areas ...................

Idaho .....................................

 10 Southwest counties ......

 All other counties ..............

Maine ....................................

Massachusetts ......................

Michigan ...............................

Minnesota .............................

Montana ................................

Nebraska ..............................

Nevada .................................

New Mexico ..........................

New York ..............................

North Dakota .........................

Ohio ......................................

Oregon ..................................

Pennsylvania ........................

Rhode Island .........................

Washington ...........................

Wisconsin .............................

Other States 3.......................

United States ........................

All 

United States ........................

4.0

29.5

37.0

23.5

13.5

16.5

9.8

96.8

5.4

1.6

7.6

5.5

2.3

9.1

2.3

11.0

5.0

49.8

8.3

55.1

(NA)

(NA)

345.0

20.0

325.0

57.5

3.9

46.5

49.0

12.0

23.5

7.1

6.3

17.0

88.0

1.5

42.0

8.9

0.6

165.0

64.5

(NA)

1,001.7

1,148.3

3.8

24.0

30.9

(NA)

(NA)

14.5

(NA)

73.2

(NA)

1.4

6.0

4.5

2.5

8.5

2.1

18.0

4.0

47.0

9.0

54.8

49.7

5.1

317.0

17.0

300.0

55.5

3.9

47.0

49.0

12.0

19.0

5.5

(D)

20.0

84.0

(D)

40.0

8.9

0.6

160.0

63.5

7.7

957.4

1,077.6

3.7

29.0

36.6

23.3

13.3

16.0

9.3

94.6

5.3

1.6

7.4

5.2

2.2

8.9

2.3

10.8

4.8

48.5

8.3

54.0

(NA)

(NA)

344.0

20.0

324.0

57.0

3.9

45.5

47.0

11.7

23.3

7.1

6.2

16.5

84.0

1.4

41.7

8.6

0.6

164.0

64.0

(NA)

988.8

1,131.9

3.8

24.0

29.7

(NA)

(NA)

13.5

(NA)

71.0

(NA)

1.4

5.8

4.3

2.5

8.0

2.1

17.7

3.9

45.7

9.0

54.3

49.3

5.0

316.0

17.0

299.0

54.0

3.9

46.0

47.0

11.7

18.7

5.5

(D)

19.5

80.0

(D)

39.9

8.5

0.6

160.0

63.0

7.6

945.2

1,061.9

225

400

244

240

250

200

235

283

450

255

380

350

380

300

280

490

250

373

470

370

(NA)

(NA)

412

530

405

275

330

350

400

320

445

380

460

285

300

220

550

260

250

585

460

(NA)

423

409

280

390

240

(NA)

(NA)

320

(NA)

308

(NA)

280

370

320

340

260

250

460

220

358

833

11,600

8,917

5,592

3,325

3,200

2,186

26,736

2,385

408

2,812

1,820

836

2,670

644

5,292

1,200

18,067

3,901

19,980

(NA)

(NA)

141,820

10,600

131,220

15,675

1,287

15,925

18,800

3,744

10,369

2,698

2,852

4,703

25,200

308

22,935

2,236

150

95,940

29,440

(NA)

417,963

462,766

1,064

9,360

7,128

(NA)

(NA)

4,320

(NA)

21,872

(NA)

392

2,146

1,376

850

2,080

525

8,142

858

16,369

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

(NA) Not available.

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

2

The forecast of fall potato production will be published in Crop Production released November 2013.

3

Includes data withheld above.
Crop Production (September 2013) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fall Potato Varieties Planted

The National Agricultural Statistics Service collects variety data in seven States, accounting for 81 percent of the 

2012 United States fall potato planted acres. The seven States conduct objective yield surveys where all producing areas 

are sampled in proportion to planted acreage. Variety data shown below are actual percentages from these surveys.

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Selected States: 2013 Crop

State and variety Percent of

planted acres State and variety Percent ofplanted acres

Idaho .........................................................

Russet Burbank .........................................

R Norkotah ................................................

Ranger R ...................................................

Alturas .......................................................

Frito Lay ....................................................

Other .........................................................

Maine ........................................................

Russet Burbank .........................................

Frito-Lay ....................................................

Snowden ...................................................

Innovator ...................................................

Superior .....................................................

Atlantic ......................................................

Norland ......................................................

Blazer R .....................................................

R Norkotah ................................................

Ontario ......................................................

Norwis .......................................................

Prospect ....................................................

Yukon Gold ................................................

Goldrush ....................................................

Reba ..........................................................

Katahdin ....................................................

Other .........................................................

Minnesota .................................................

Russet Burbank .........................................

Norland ......................................................

Umatilla R ..................................................

Modoc .......................................................

Shepody ....................................................

Dakota Pearl ..............................................

Alturas .......................................................

Goldrush ....................................................

Dakota Rose ..............................................

Alpine ........................................................

Other .........................................................

North Dakota ............................................

Russet Burbank .........................................

Prospect ....................................................

Norland ......................................................

Umatilla R ..................................................

Dakota Pearl ..............................................

Ranger R ...................................................

Frito-Lay ....................................................

Bannock ....................................................

Ivory Crisp .................................................

Red La Soda .............................................

52.9

20.6

13.8

1.8

1.0

9.9

36.7

15.3

6.4

5.0

4.2

3.5

3.4

2.5

2.4

2.1

1.7

1.6

1.5

1.4

1.2

1.0

10.1

56.1

18.5

5.7

2.4

2.4

1.9

1.6

1.4

1.4

1.3

7.3

37.1

10.1

8.1

7.5

7.0

6.1

4.8

4.1

2.3

2.0

North Dakota - continued ........................

Sangre .....................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Atlantic ....................................................

Other .......................................................

Oregon ...................................................

R Norkotah ..............................................

Ranger R .................................................

Russet Burbank .......................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Alturas .....................................................

Yukon Gold ..............................................

Premier ....................................................

Modoc .....................................................

Pike .........................................................

Other .......................................................

Washington ............................................

Russet Burbank .......................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Ranger R .................................................

R Norkotah ..............................................

Alturas .....................................................

Chieftain ..................................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Pike .........................................................

Shepody ..................................................

Alpine ......................................................

Other .......................................................

Wisconsin ..............................................

Frito-Lay ..................................................

Goldrush ..................................................

Russet Burbank .......................................

R Norkotah ..............................................

Snowden .................................................

Norland ....................................................

Silverton R ...............................................

Umatilla R ................................................

Innovator .................................................

Atlantic ....................................................

Superior ...................................................

Mega Chip ...............................................

Pike .........................................................

Ranger R .................................................

Other .......................................................

1.9

1.7

1.1

6.2

25.3

16.2

14.2

10.4

6.8

6.4

6.4

2.8

2.2

1.4

1.1

6.8

28.3

17.3

12.2

11.5

7.7

4.2

3.1

2.5

1.6

1.3

10.3

25.8

12.5

11.7

8.8

7.6

6.8

5.6

5.3

2.3

1.9

1.7

1.6

1.4

1.0

6.0
18 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of Fall Potatoes Planted to Major Varieties – Seven-State Total: 2013 Crop

Variety Percent of

planted acres Variety Percent ofplanted acres

Russet Burbank .....................................

R Norkotah .............................................

Ranger R ...............................................

Umatilla R ..............................................

Frito-Lay ................................................

Norland ..................................................

Alturas ...................................................

Snowden ................................................

Chieftain ................................................

Goldrush ................................................

Prospect ................................................

Shepody ................................................

Dakota Pearl ..........................................

Innovator ................................................

Pike .......................................................

Atlantic ...................................................

Yukon Gold ............................................

Bannock .................................................

Alpine .....................................................

Silverton R .............................................

Superior .................................................

Modoc ....................................................

Cal White ...............................................

Red LaSoda ...........................................

Blazer R .................................................

39.7

13.1

9.9

6.2

5.1

3.1

2.9

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.1

1.0

0.8

0.7

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.3

Ivory Crisp .............................................

Premier .................................................

Sangre ..................................................

La Chipper ............................................

Cal Red .................................................

Bintje .....................................................

Satina ...................................................

Ontario ..................................................

Cascade ...............................................

Mega Chip ............................................

Norwis ...................................................

Dakota Crisp .........................................

Western R .............................................

Wisconsin .............................................

Reba .....................................................

Dakota Rose .........................................

Katahdin ...............................................

All Blue .................................................

Mazama ................................................

Rosara ..................................................

Harley Blackwell ....................................

Andover ................................................

Cherry Red ...........................................

Other .....................................................

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

3.9
Crop Production (September 2013) 19

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Oranges by Crop – States and United States: 2012-2013 and

Forecasted September 1, 2013

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. Blank data cells indicate 

estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2012-2013 2013-2014 2012-2013 2013-2014

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Early, mid, and Navel 2

California ..............................................

Florida ..................................................

Texas ...................................................

United States ........................................

Valencia

California ..............................................

Florida ..................................................

Texas ...................................................

United States ........................................

All

California ..............................................

Florida ..................................................

Texas ...................................................

United States ........................................

45,000

67,100

1,505

113,605

12,500

66,300

289

79,089

57,500

133,400

1,794

192,694

44,000 1,800

3,020

64

4,884

500

2,984

12

3,496

2,300

6,004

76

8,380

1,760

1 Net pounds per box: California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85.

2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of tangerines 

in Texas and Temples in Florida.
20 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all ................................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all ............................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all ...........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all ........................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 2....................................................................

3,637

97,155

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2,760

335

2,699

1,300

6,244

(NA)

55,736

41,324

2,123

12,289

1,765.0

(X)

344

51.1

1,638.0

2.2

169.8

77,198

1,919.0

12,314.4

12,076.0

238.4

1,230.1

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,742.5

649.0

463.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,148.3

96.8

49.8

1,001.7

(NA)

130.5

(NA)

3,482

97,379

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,026

530

2,485

1,419

7,195

56,530

42,697

1,538

12,295

1,307.0

(X)

223

45.0

1,058.0

1.5

151.0

77,178

1,567.0

10,337.0

10,136.0

201.0

1,207.3

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,432.6

850.0

335.0

(NA)

1,077.6

73.2

47.0

957.4

119.0

3,244

87,375

7,379

56,260

17,292

38,968

1,045

205

2,678

248

4,955

363

48,991

34,834

2,102

12,055

1,729.0

(X)

336

49.7

1,608.0

2.1

160.1

76,104

1,841.0

9,371.8

9,135.0

236.8

1,204.2

902.4

336.2

13.7

1,690.4

621.0

450.0

(NA)

6.3

31.9

76.0

1,131.9

94.6

48.5

988.8

20.0

126.6

0.4

3,075

89,135

56,617

17,662

38,955

1,196

2,464

321

6,085

45,730

32,270

1,502

11,958

1,253.7

(X)

218

43.1

1,030.0

1.4

144.5

76,378

1,502.0

7,780.8

7,582.0

198.8

1,183.8

911.1

349.9

1,370.3

35.0

1,061.9

71.0

45.7

945.2

116.1

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (September 2013) 21

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Domestic Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013 (continued)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per acre Production

2012 2013 2012 2013

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

Barley ................................................................................... bushels

Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels

Corn for silage ............................................................................tons

Hay, all .......................................................................................tons

 Alfalfa .....................................................................................tons

 All other ..................................................................................tons

Oats ...................................................................................... bushels

Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels

Rice 3........................................................................................... cwt

Rye ....................................................................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels

Sorghum for silage ......................................................................tons

Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels

 Winter ............................................................................... bushels

 Durum ............................................................................... bushels

 Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

Oilseeds

Canola ...................................................................................pounds

Cottonseed .................................................................................tons

Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels

Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds

Peanuts .................................................................................pounds

Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds

Safflower ...............................................................................pounds

Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels

Sunflower ..............................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 3............................................................................... bales

 Upland 3................................................................................ bales

 American Pima 3................................................................... bales

Sugarbeets .................................................................................tons

Sugarcane ..................................................................................tons

Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas 3.................................................................. cwt

Dry edible beans 3....................................................................... cwt

Dry edible peas 3......................................................................... cwt

Lentils 3........................................................................................ cwt

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ......................................................................pounds

Hops ......................................................................................pounds

Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds

Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt

 Spring ...................................................................................... cwt

 Summer ................................................................................... cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................... cwt

Spearmint oil .........................................................................pounds

Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt

Taro (Hawaii) .........................................................................pounds

67.9

123.4

15.4

2.13

3.01

1.74

61.3

15.1

7,449

28.0

49.8

11.4

46.3

47.2

39.0

45.0

1,416

(X)

17.1

602

4,192

2,205

1,121

39.6

1,513

887

869

1,581

29.3

35.7

2,268

1,219

1,889

1,751

1,178

(NA)

1,110

1,918

87

409

283

373

423

120

209

(NA)

70.7

155.3

2.47

3.39

2.05

62.9

7,511

65.1

46.2

47.8

40.1

42.8

(X)

3,603

41.2

796

777

1,510

26.1

34.3

2,088

1,795

308

358

220,284

10,780,296

113,450

119,878

52,049

67,829

64,024

3,090

199,479

6,944

246,932

4,135

2,269,117

1,645,202

81,956

541,959

2,447,410

5,666.0

5,762

29,930

6,741,400

4,630

179,424

3,014,998

2,785,695

17,314.8

16,535.0

779.8

35,236

32,227

762,709

167

31,925

10,872

5,302

406

7,000

61,249.2

6,605

462,766

26,736

18,067

417,963

2,390

26,482

3,500

217,545

13,843,320

139,880

59,926

79,954

75,210

185,077

396,105

2,114,085

1,542,605

60,200

511,280

4,291.0

3,711,100

3,149,166

12,898.5

12,273.0

625.5

30,913

31,251

730,545

24,596

21,872

16,369

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres.

3 Yield in pounds.
22 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2012 2013 2012 2013

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2.............................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2......................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 3....................................................................

1,471,860

39,317,660

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,116,940

135,570

1,092,260

526,100

2,526,880

(NA)

22,555,800

16,723,410

859,160

4,973,240

714,280

(X)

139,210

20,680

662,880

890

68,720

31,241,260

776,600

4,983,510

4,887,040

96,480

497,810

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

705,170

262,640

187,370

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

464,710

39,170

20,150

405,380

(NA)

52,810

(NA)

1,409,130

39,408,310

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,224,590

214,490

1,005,650

574,260

2,911,740

22,877,130

17,279,050

622,410

4,975,660

528,930

(X)

90,250

18,210

428,160

610

61,110

31,233,160

634,150

4,183,280

4,101,940

81,340

488,580

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

579,760

343,990

135,570

(NA)

436,090

29,620

19,020

387,450

48,160

1,312,810

35,359,790

2,986,210

22,767,860

6,997,900

15,769,960

422,900

82,960

1,083,760

100,360

2,005,240

146,900

19,826,170

14,096,970

850,660

4,878,540

699,710

(X)

135,980

20,110

650,740

850

64,790

30,798,530

745,030

3,792,670

3,696,840

95,830

487,330

365,190

136,070

5,540

684,090

251,310

182,110

(NA)

2,550

12,920

30,760

458,070

38,280

19,630

400,160

8,090

51,230

160

1,244,420

36,072,040

22,912,330

7,147,630

15,764,700

484,010

997,160

129,910

2,462,540

18,506,470

13,059,350

607,840

4,839,280

507,360

(X)

88,220

17,440

416,830

570

58,480

30,909,410

607,840

3,148,810

3,068,360

80,450

479,070

368,710

141,580

554,550

14,180

429,740

28,730

18,490

382,510

46,980

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (September 2013) 23

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production in Metric Units – United States: 

2012 and 2013 (continued)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per hectare Production

2012 2013 2012 2013

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain ......................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2.............................................................................

 Alfalfa .............................................................................

 All other ..........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain ...............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower ............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ...........................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ...............................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2.....................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall .................................................................................

Spearmint oil ......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................

3.65

7.74

34.47

4.78

6.75

3.90

2.20

0.84

8.35

1.76

3.13

25.54

3.11

3.18

2.62

3.02

1.59

(X)

1.08

0.67

4.70

2.47

1.26

2.66

1.70

0.99

0.97

1.77

65.59

80.06

2.54

1.37

2.12

1.96

1.32

(NA)

1.25

2.15

0.10

45.82

31.68

41.75

47.38

0.13

23.45

(NA)

3.81

9.75

5.54

7.61

4.60

2.26

8.42

4.09

3.11

3.21

2.70

2.88

(X)

4.04

2.77

0.89

0.87

1.69

58.54

76.89

2.34

2.01

34.53

40.15

4,796,120

273,832,130

102,920,110

108,751,490

47,218,060

61,533,430

929,310

70,080

9,048,220

176,390

6,272,360

3,751,210

61,755,240

44,775,060

2,230,480

14,749,710

1,110,130

5,140,110

146,360

13,580

3,057,850

2,100

81,390

82,054,800

1,263,570

3,769,850

3,600,070

169,780

31,965,560

29,235,840

345,960

7,570

1,448,090

493,150

240,490

18,420

3,180

27,780

3,000

20,990,710

1,212,720

819,510

18,958,480

1,080

1,201,200

1,590

4,736,480

351,636,520

126,897,000

54,363,950

72,533,050

1,091,670

8,394,950

10,061,530

57,535,960

41,982,830

1,638,380

13,914,760

3,892,730

1,683,330

85,706,250

2,808,320

2,672,130

136,190

28,043,800

28,350,430

331,370

1,115,660

992,100

742,490

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2

Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
24 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Domestic Units – United States: 2012 and 2013

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2012-2013 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2012 2013

(1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ....................................................................................................... tons

Lemons .......................................................................................................... tons

Oranges ......................................................................................................... tons

Tangelos (Florida) .......................................................................................... tons

Tangerines and mandarins ............................................................................. tons

Noncitrus

Apples ............................................................................................. 1,000 pounds

Apricots .......................................................................................................... tons

Bananas (Hawaii) .......................................................................................pounds

Grapes ........................................................................................................... tons

Olives (California) .......................................................................................... tons

Papayas (Hawaii) .......................................................................................pounds

Peaches ......................................................................................................... tons

Pears ............................................................................................................. tons

Prunes, dried (California) ............................................................................... tons

Prunes and plums (excludes California) ......................................................... tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .....................................................................pounds

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................................................... tons

Pecans, in-shell ..........................................................................................pounds

Walnuts, in-shell (California) .......................................................................... tons

Maple syrup ...............................................................................................gallons

1,154

850

9,002

52

648

9,061.1

60.8

7,343.4

160.0

978.3

858.2

138.0

13.2

1,890,000

34.7

302,800

470

1,908

1,190

872

8,380

45

687

(NA)

(NA)

3,253

(NA) Not available.

1 Production years are 2011-2012 and 2012-2013.
Crop Production (September 2013) 25

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production in Metric Units – United States: 2012 and 2013

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2013 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2012-2013 season. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2012 2013

(metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit .............................................................................................................

Lemons ................................................................................................................

Oranges ................................................................................................................

Tangelos (Florida) .................................................................................................

Tangerines and mandarins ...................................................................................

Noncitrus

Apples ..................................................................................................................

Apricots ................................................................................................................

Bananas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................

Grapes .................................................................................................................

Olives (California) .................................................................................................

Papayas (Hawaii) .................................................................................................

Peaches ...............................................................................................................

Pears ....................................................................................................................

Prunes, dried (California) ......................................................................................

Prunes and plums (excludes California) ................................................................

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) ................................................................................

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) .................................................................................

Pecans, in-shell ....................................................................................................

Walnuts, in-shell (California) .................................................................................

Maple syrup ..........................................................................................................

1,046,890

771,110

8,166,480

47,170

587,860

4,110,050

55,160

6,661,820

145,150

887,460

778,580

125,190

12,010

857,290

31,480

137,350

426,380

9,540

1,079,550

791,070

7,602,210

40,820

623,240

(NA)

(NA)

16,260

(NA) Not available.

1 Production years are 2011-2012 and 2012-2013.
26 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 corn-producing States during 

2013. Randomly selected plots in corn for grain fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in these tables are rounded actual field counts from this survey.

Corn for Grain Plant Population per Acre – Selected States: 2009-2013

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

and month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Stateand month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Minnesota 

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Missouri

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

29,650

29,550

29,600

29,550

28,350

28,400

28,350

28,350

29,500

29,450

29,400

29,400

22,650

22,600

22,600

22,600

30,800

30,600

30,600

30,600

25,700

25,500

25,500

25,500

29,750

29,600

29,650

29,650

28,300

28,350

28,350

28,350

30,050

30,000

29,950

29,950

21,850

21,950

21,950

21,950

29,850

29,750

29,900

29,900

25,700

25,500

25,500

25,500

30,450

30,450

30,400

30,450

29,200

29,200

29,150

29,150

30,850

30,750

30,750

30,750

21,500

21,550

21,500

21,500

30,250

30,200

30,250

30,250

25,850

25,800

25,800

25,800

29,700

29,750

29,750

29,800

29,250

29,200

29,200

29,200

30,150

30,100

30,100

30,100

23,050

23,200

23,200

23,200

30,000

30,000

30,000

30,000

26,650

26,550

26,550

26,550

30,700

30,250

30,250

22,900

31,350

27,700

Nebraska

All corn

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ...

 October ........

 November ....

 Final .............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

25,700

25,700

25,700

25,750

28,250

28,250

28,250

28,300

21,750

21,700

21,700

21,700

28,300

28,450

28,200

28,200

24,300

24,250

24,300

24,300

28,150

28,150

27,700

27,650

25,700

25,600

25,550

25,550

27,750

27,600

27,600

27,600

22,350

22,350

22,300

22,300

28,400

28,200

28,200

28,200

24,550

24,450

24,350

24,350

28,600

28,300

28,300

28,300

25,400

25,400

25,450

25,450

28,150

28,200

28,250

28,250

21,250

21,200

21,200

21,200

29,550

29,350

29,350

29,350

25,300

25,250

25,500

25,500

29,000

28,900

28,950

28,950

26,150

26,150

26,150

26,150

29,100

29,000

29,000

29,000

21,600

21,850

21,850

21,850

29,200

29,100

29,100

29,100

24,200

23,900

24,000

24,000

29,000

28,550

28,600

28,600

26,000

29,150

21,000

28,800

25,300

29,050
Crop Production (September 2013) 27

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Corn for Grain Number of Ears per Acre – Selected States: 2009-2013

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

and month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Stateand month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Illinois

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Indiana

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Iowa

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Kansas 

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Minnesota

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

Missouri

September .......

October ...........

November ........

Final ................

29,150

28,900

28,900

28,900

27,950

28,100

28,000

27,950

29,250

29,200

29,200

29,200

22,750

22,650

22,750

22,700

30,250

30,750

30,800

30,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

24,800

28,650

28,500

28,550

28,550

27,900

27,750

27,750

27,750

29,450

29,450

29,300

29,300

21,250

21,250

21,250

21,250

29,750

29,600

29,700

29,700

25,100

24,750

24,700

24,700

29,650

29,550

29,550

29,600

27,950

27,800

27,750

27,750

30,100

30,050

30,050

30,050

20,900

20,650

20,650

20,650

29,750

29,300

29,350

29,350

24,600

24,650

24,550

24,550

24,000

24,250

24,250

24,300

26,500

26,150

26,150

26,150

28,250

28,150

28,150

28,150

20,350

20,550

20,550

20,550

29,450

29,400

29,400

29,400

23,050

22,900

22,900

22,900

29,900

29,850

29,700

22,500

30,750

26,950

Nebraska

All corn

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Irrigated

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Non-irrigated

 September ....

 October .........

 November .....

 Final .............

Ohio

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

Wisconsin

September ......

October ..........

November .......

Final ...............

25,650

25,650

25,600

25,650

27,900

27,950

27,900

27,950

22,100

22,050

22,000

22,000

27,700

27,950

27,650

27,650

26,150

26,050

26,050

26,050

27,500

28,850

28,150

28,100

25,250

25,250

25,100

25,100

27,100

27,100

26,950

26,950

22,350

22,250

22,200

22,200

27,700

27,650

27,650

27,650

24,850

24,800

24,450

24,450

28,700

28,500

28,550

28,550

24,500

24,350

24,350

24,350

26,950

26,800

26,800

26,800

20,800

20,650

20,650

20,650

28,700

28,950

29,150

29,150

25,800

25,150

25,250

25,250

28,650

28,650

28,650

28,650

24,500

24,050

24,050

24,050

28,600

28,300

28,300

28,300

18,250

17,600

17,550

17,550

27,700

27,150

27,100

27,100

22,150

21,550

21,550

21,550

27,650

27,300

27,100

27,150

26,050

29,150

21,200

28,350

25,600

28,900
28 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Soybean Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 11 soybean-producing States during 

2013. Randomly selected plots in soybean fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific 

counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Soybean Pods with Beans per 18 Square Feet – Selected States: 2009-2013

[Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State

and month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Stateand month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas 1

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Illinois

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Indiana

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Iowa

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

Kansas

September .......

October ............

November ........

Final .................

(NA)

1,785

1,794

1,865

1,610

1,672

1,676

1,687

1,516

1,525

1,583

1,594

1,858

1,878

1,868

1,879

1,627

1,759

1,784

1,768

(NA)

1,591

1,805

1,833

1,970

2,090

2,096

2,096

1,878

1,852

1,879

1,879

2,009

2,046

2,054

2,054

1,402

1,392

1,427

1,429

(NA)

1,434

1,607

1,597

1,983

1,933

1,931

1,931

1,607

1,606

1,635

1,635

1,944

1,941

1,996

2,002

1,488

1,466

1,375

1,375

(NA)

1,574

1,570

1,590

1,466

1,359

1,382

1,377

1,388

1,390

1,396

1,396

1,512

1,636

1,630

1,630

1,038

1,039

1,092

1,092

(NA)

1,682

1,638

1,414

1,295

Minnesota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Missouri

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Nebraska

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

North Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

Ohio

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

South Dakota

September .....

October ..........

November ......

Final ...............

1,456

1,542

1,611

1,581

1,856

1,983

2,083

2,122

1,793

1,878

1,868

1,868

1,208

1,236

1,317

1,318

1,846

1,769

1,757

1,712

1,513

1,642

1,683

1,682

1,679

1,741

1,783

1,783

1,924

1,899

1,986

1,993

1,906

2,109

2,121

2,121

1,375

1,416

1,510

1,510

1,991

2,012

2,022

2,022

1,527

1,622

1,605

1,605

1,670

1,705

1,678

1,678

1,957

1,781

1,836

1,797

2,032

2,075

2,141

2,141

1,337

1,382

1,381

1,381

1,882

1,850

1,893

1,892

1,652

1,492

1,530

1,530

1,587

1,606

1,605

1,614

1,347

1,205

1,274

1,271

1,406

1,509

1,516

1,516

1,308

1,326

1,326

1,326

1,674

1,708

1,747

1,746

1,171

1,142

1,127

1,127

1,433

1,528

1,671

1,275

1,889

1,508

(NA) Not available.

1 September data not available due to plant immaturity.
Crop Production (September 2013) 29

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Cotton Objective Yield Data

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in six cotton-producing States during 2013. 

Randomly selected plots in cotton fields are visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain specific counts and 

measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey.

Cotton Cumulative Boll Counts – Selected States: 2009-2013

[Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened bolls, and burrs 

per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

State and month 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Arkansas

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Georgia

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Louisiana

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Mississippi

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

North Carolina

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

Texas

September .......................................

October ...........................................

November ........................................

December ........................................

Final ................................................

1,051

814

803

794

794

571

731

712

737

740

714

792

756

788

788

925

833

717

722

722

701

730

779

777

777

613

522

502

502

502

911

893

897

894

894

609

606

686

683

683

699

755

789

781

781

864

773

776

776

776

681

675

689

689

689

658

534

589

589

589

901

845

867

868

868

531

577

659

665

666

938

948

949

949

949

898

848

874

875

875

553

610

646

646

646

540

478

515

520

520

841

852

856

856

856

656

646

756

768

768

855

880

900

900

900

883

855

896

896

892

727

739

865

872

872

535

443

522

549

552

1,025

481

806

925

532

547
30 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Production (September 2013) 31

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

August Weather Summary

Midwestern drought expanded and intensified during August, placing immature corn and soybeans under increasing levels 

of stress during the filling stage of development. In addition, previously favorable temperatures were replaced by latemonth heat, leading to further declines in summer crop yield potential. By September 1, a little more than half of the 

nation’s corn (56%) and soybeans (54%) were rated by USDA in good to excellent condition, down from early-July highs 

of 68% and 67%, respectively.

Dryness also returned during August to the south-central United States, adversely affecting some cotton and other rain-fed 

crops. By early September, roughly one-third of the cotton was rated in very poor to poor condition in Texas (33%) and 

Oklahoma (32%). Meanwhile, showery weather dominated portions of the northern and central Plains and the Mid-South. 

In the latter region, flooding occurred early in the month on the Ozark Plateau.

In addition, wet conditions plagued the Southeast, maintaining a summer-long trend that has disrupted fieldwork and 

reduced the quality of a variety of fruits, vegetables, and row crops, including some cotton and peanuts.

Elsewhere, a robust monsoon circulation continued to provide drought relief in parts of the Southwest, while late-month 

rainfall eased dry conditions in the Northwest. However, mostly dry weather prevailed from California to the northern 

Intermountain West, contributing to the development and expansion of dozens of wildfires.

August Agricultural Summary

Cooler than normal temperatures blanketed much of the country during the first three weeks of the month, with averages 

in portions of the northern Great Plains and northern Rocky Mountains falling to more than 10 degrees below normal. 

Elsewhere, daytime highs in the southern Great Plains – where soil moisture remained less than adequate for most dryland 

crops - climbed to well over the century mark. During the fourth week, most of the country received less than a half inch 

of precipitation but isolated locations in Kansas, the Delta and the Southeast accumulated more than 5 inches of moisture 

during the week. Hot, mostly dry weather dominated much of the Northern Tier and central Great Plains and Rocky 

Mountains during the last two weeks of the month, with daytime highs above the century mark recorded in several 

locations. Most notably, temperatures in portions of the Dakotas and Minnesota climbed to more than 15 degrees above 

normal. Much of the West and Southwest welcomed above average rainfall during the latter half of the month, boosting 

soil moisture levels and aiding row crop development. Similarly, portions of the Southeast and the Ohio Valley 

accumulated more than 2 inches of rain during the last two weeks of the month.

As of August 4, eighty-six percent of the Nation’s corn crop was at or beyond the silking stage, 12 percentage points 

behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighteen percent of the crop was at or beyond the 

dough stage, 40 percentage points behind last year and 13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As of August 11, 

ninety-four percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the silking stage, 6 percentage points behind last year and slightly 

behind the 5-year average. When compared with the average pace, the largest delays remained in Iowa and Wisconsin, 

where localized rainfall benefitted some corn while completely missing areas where soil moisture had been less than 

adequate for several weeks. Seventy percent of this year’s corn crop was at or beyond the dough stage by August 25, 

twenty-four percentage points behind last year and 9 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Hot, dry weather 

throughout much of the northern Great Plains, western Corn Belt, and Great Lakes regions further depleted soil moisture 

levels and negatively impacted the developing corn crop in some locations. Eighty-four percent of this year’s corn crop 

was at or beyond the dough stage by September 1, thirteen percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points 

behind the 5-year average. Nationwide, 42 percent of the corn crop was at or beyond the dent stage by September 1, 

forty-two percentage points behind last year and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By month’s end, 

four percent of the corn crop was mature, 34 percentage points behind last year and 13 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Overall, 56 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on September 1, 

thirty-four percentage points better than the same time last year.

By August 4, seventy-nine percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the blooming stage, 14 percentage points behind 

last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Despite below average temperatures, pod set advanced 

rapidly in most areas during the first part of the month. Nationwide, 58 percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the 
32 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

pod setting stage by August 11, twenty-three percentage points behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. By August 25, ninety-six percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the blooming stage, 3 percentage 

points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-four percent of the crop was setting 

pods by August 25, eleven percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. During 

the latter part of the month, reports in Indiana indicated the need for soaking rainfall to benefit soybeans in the pod filling 

stage. Ninety-two percent of the crop was setting pods by September 1, six percentage points behind last year and 

4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Illinois, some soybean fields had started turning yellow at this time. By 

month’s end, fifty-four percent of the soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition, 24 percentage points 

better than the same time last year.

By the second week of August, favorable weather conditions supported rapid fieldwork in areas where winter wheat 

remained in the field. Producers had harvested 92 percent of the Nation’s crop by August 11, two percentage points 

behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. By August 18, only 4 percent of the crop remained unharvested, 

slightly behind last year’s pace but 2 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average.

As of August 4, ninety-four percent of the cotton crop was at or beyond the squaring stage, 3 percentage points behind last 

year but on par with the 5-year average. Fifty-three percent of the cotton crop was setting bolls by August 4, 

eighteen percentage points behind last year and 17 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By August 11, 

seventy-three percent of this year’s crop was setting bolls, 14 percentage points behind last year and 8 percentage points 

behind the 5-year average. In Texas, hot, dry weather during this time continued to deplete soil moisture levels in many 

areas. Elsewhere, continued wet weather in portions of Georgia led to weed and disease infestations. By August 25, 

ninety percent of the cotton crop was setting bolls, 6 percentage points behind last year and 3 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Throughout much of Texas’ Plains regions, cotton had reached the cut-out stage at this time, and bolls 

were beginning to fill. Nationally, 10 percent of the cotton crop had opened bolls by August 25, 13 percentage points 

behind last year and 10 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In California, portions of the cotton crop were 

negatively affected by a lack of soil moisture and insect pressure from whitefly and aphids. By September 1, virtually all 

of the acreage was setting bolls and 16 percent had open bolls, 18 percentage points behind last year and 13 percentage 

points behind the 5-year average. Cotton harvest continued from South Central Texas through the Lower Valley as the 

month came to a close. Overall, 45 percent of the cotton crop was reported in good to excellent condition on September 1, 

three percentage points better than the same time last year.

By August 11, sixty-seven percent of the sorghum crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 3 percentage points behind 

last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. In Kansas, head development advanced rapidly at this time despite below 

average temperatures. Nationally, 34 percent of the sorghum crop was at or beyond the coloring stage by August 11, 

seven percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. By August 25, twenty-eight percent of the 

crop had reached maturity, 6 percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 5-year average. In Texas, harvest 

was advancing well ahead of the normal pace due to the hot, mostly dry conditions that occurred during the growing 

season. Nationally, 94 percent of the sorghum crop was at or beyond the heading stage by month’s end, 5 percentage 

points ahead of last year and 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Fifty-three percent of the crop was coloring 

by September 1, seven percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By month’s 

end, thirty percent of the crop had reached maturity, 7 percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 

5-year average. Overall, 54 percent of the sorghum crop was reported in good to excellent condition on September 1, 

thirty percentage points better than at the same time last year.

By August 4, fifty-three percent of the rice crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 24 percentage points behind last year 

and 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Favorable weather during the first half of August in the upper Delta 

and California spurred rapid development and by August 18, eighty-three percent of the rice crop was at or beyond the 

heading stage, 10 percentage points behind last year but 3 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 

10 percent of the rice crop was harvested by August 18, five percentage points behind last year and slightly behind the 

5-year average. Rice harvest was nearly complete in some southwestern Louisiana parishes by the end of the month and 

some producers had began fertilizing and flooding their ratoon crop. By month’s end, 95 percent of the rice crop was at or 

beyond the heading stage, 4 percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Producers had 

harvested 18 percent of the Nation’s rice crop by September 1, twenty-one percentage points behind last year and 
Crop Production (September 2013) 33

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

7 percentage points behind the 5-year average. On September 1, seventy percent of the rice crop was reported in good to 

excellent condition, 2 percentage points better than the same time last year.

As of August 4, eighty-eight percent of the peanut crop was pegging, 2 percentage points behind last year but slightly 

ahead of the 5-year average. By the third week of the month, 97 percent of the peanut crop was pegging, 

2 percentage points behind last year but slightly ahead the 5-year average. As of September 1, sixty-two percent of the 

peanut crop was reported in good to excellent condition, 14 percentage points below the same period last year.

Producers had harvested 51 percent of the Nation’s oat crop by August 11, forty-two percentage points behind last year 

and 16 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest progress advanced 15 percentage points or more in five of 

the nine major estimating States between August 4 and August 11. Producers had harvested 90 percent of this year’s oat 

crop by September 1, ten percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average.

By August 11, barley producers had harvested 17 percent of this year’s crop, 34 percentage points behind last year and 

4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest advanced most rapidly in Idaho and Montana, where 21 percent or 

more of the crop was combined during the week ending August 11. With harvest complete or nearly complete in the 

Treasure and Magic Valleys, progress in Idaho advanced rapidly under hot, dry conditions. By month’s end, 76 percent of 

the Nation’s barley crop was harvested, 14 percentage points behind last year but 5 percentage points ahead of the 5-year 

average. 

As of August 11, six percent of the spring wheat crop was harvested, 55 percentage points behind last year and 

18 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Harvest began in Montana and North Dakota during this time; however, 

overall progress in North Dakota was over two weeks behind normal. Forty-two percent of the spring wheat crop was 

harvested by August 25, forty-five percentage points behind last year and 12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. 

Double-digit progress was evident in all major producing States during the week ending August 25, as favorable weather 

quickly matured the crop and provided ample time for fieldwork. Sixty-four percent of the spring wheat crop was 

harvested by September 1, twenty-nine percentage points behind last year and 5 percentage points behind the 5-year 

average. Overall, 70 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on September 1. 

Comparison data for the previous year was unavailable due to the earliness of last year’s harvest.

Crop Comments

Corn: Area harvested and to be harvested for grain is forecast at 89.1 million acres, unchanged from the August forecast 

but up 2 percent from 2012.

At 13.8 billion bushels, 2013 corn production is forecast to be a record high for the United States. The forecasted yield for 

the United States is expected to be the third highest on record, behind only 2009 and 2004, respectively. Eleven States 

expect a record high corn yield for 2013.

As of September 1, fifty-six percent of the corn acreage was rated in good to excellent condition in the 18 major 

producing States, down 8 percentage points from a month ago but up 34 percentage points compared with the same time 

last year.

The September 1 corn objective yield data indicate the highest number of ears on record for the combined 10 objective 

yield States (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin).

August began with much of the Corn Belt continuing to experience below normal temperatures. The late planting of the 

crop continued to impact the pace of development. As of August 4, only 18 percent of the crop was at or beyond the 

dough stage, 40 percentage points behind last year and 13 percentage points behind the 5-year average. By the second 

week of the month, localized showers brought welcome moisture to some areas of Iowa and Wisconsin, while others 

began to see the onset of dry conditions. By the end of the third week, most of the Western Corn Belt and Southern Great 

Plains were starting to see soil moisture levels decline from the lack of rain coupled with triple digit temperatures. The 

drying trend spread eastward with scattered showers providing a respite for some, while others began to see signs of stress 

in the crop due to lack of moisture.
34 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

By the end of the month, hot and dry weather had returned to most of the Northern Great Plains, Western Corn Belt, and 

Great Lakes regions. The hot weather helped to rapidly advance crop development, although it still lagged behind the 

average pace. By September 1, forty-two percent of the crop was at or beyond the dent stage, 42 percentage points behind 

last year’s drought impacted crop and 19 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Despite soil moisture concerns, by 

September 1, fifty-six percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition compared with only 22 percent at the 

same time last year.

Sorghum: Production is forecast at 396 million bushels, up 10 percent from the August forecast and up 60 percent from 

last year. Area harvested for grain is forecast at 6.09 million acres, unchanged from August 1 but up 23 percent from 

2012. Based on September 1 conditions, yield is forecast at 65.1 bushels per acre, up 6.1 bushels from last month and up 

15.3 bushels from last year. Record high yields are forecast in Louisiana and South Dakota, where farmers reported 

mostly favorable growing conditions.

As of September 1, the sorghum crop had progressed to 30 percent mature, 7 percentage points behind last year and 

slightly behind the 5-year average. Fifty-four percent of the crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared with 

24 percent last year.

Rice: Production is forecast at 185 million cwt, up 2 percent from August but down 7 percent from last year. Based on 

administrative data, planted area is now estimated at 2.49 million acres, up 1 percent from the June estimate but down 

8 percent from last year. Area for harvest is expected to total 2.46 million acres, up 1 percent from August but 

8 percent lower than 2012. Based on conditions as of September 1, the average United States yield is forecast at a record 

high 7,511 pounds per acre, up 105 pounds from August and up 62.0 pounds from last year. Record high yields are 

forecast in Louisiana and Missouri. 

Harvest was underway by September 1 in all rice-producing States except California and Missouri, with 18 percent of the 

United States acreage harvested, 21 percentage points behind the same time last year and 7 percentage points behind the 

5-year average. Seventy percent of the United States acreage was rated in good to excellent condition as of September 1, 

compared with 68 percent rated in these two categories a year earlier.

Soybeans: Area for harvest is forecast at 76.4 million acres, unchanged from August but up slightly from 2012. If 

realized, this will be the second largest harvested area on record.

The September objective yield data for the combined 11 major soybean-producing States (Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, 

Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, and South Dakota) indicate a higher pod count 

compared with last year as conditions have generally been more favorable across the Midwest. Compared with final 

counts for 2012, pod counts are up in seven of the ten published States. The largest increase from 2012’s final pod count 

is expected in South Dakota, up 381 pods per 18 square feet. Increases of more than 200 pods per 18 square feet are also 

expected in Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, and Missouri.

As the month of August began, 39 percent of the soybean crop was setting pods, 30 percentage points behind last year and 

12 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Development of the crop continued to progress behind normal throughout 

the month of August. By September 1, ninety-two percent of the soybean crop was at or beyond the pod-setting stage, 

6 percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind normal.

As of September 1, fifty-four percent of the United States soybean crop was rated in good to excellent condition, 

24 percentage points ahead of the same time in 2012. During August, good to excellent ratings decreased across nearly the 

entire Corn Belt due to inadequate rainfall. During the month, good to excellent ratings decreased in 14 of the 

18 published States, with declines of 14 percentage points or more in Illinois, Indiana, North Dakota, and Wisconsin. The 

only States to show an improvement in condition ratings during August were Ohio, North Carolina, and Mississippi.

If realized, the forecasted yield will be a record high in Ohio and Pennsylvania.

Peanuts: Production is forecast at 3.71 billion pounds, down 4 percent from the August forecast and down 45 percent 

from last year. Based on administrative data, planted area, at 1.06 million acres, is down 4 percent from the June estimate 
Crop Production (September 2013) 35

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

and down 35 percent from the previous year. Area for harvest is expected to total 1.03 million acres, down 3 percent from 

August and 36 percent lower than 2012. Based on conditions as of September 1, the average yield for the United States is 

forecast at 3,603 pounds per acre, down 17 pounds from August and down 589 pounds from last year’s record high of 

4,192 pounds per acre. 

As of September 1, sixty-two percent of the United States peanut crop was rated in good to excellent condition, compared 

with 76 percent the same time last year. Reports indicate harvest was underway by the end of August in Florida and 

Oklahoma.

Cotton: Area planted to Upland cotton is estimated at 10.1 million acres, up slightly from the previous estimate but down 

16 percent from last year. Upland harvested area is expected to total 7.58 million acres, up one percent from last month 

but down 17 percent from 2012. Pima cotton planted area is estimated at 201,000 acres, up 8 percent from the previous 

estimates but down 16 percent from last year. Expected harvested area, at 198,800 acres, is down 16 percent from 2012.

As of September 1, forty-five percent of the cotton acreage was rated in good to excellent condition compared with 

42 percent this time last year. Sixteen percent of the crop had bolls opening by September 1, eighteen percentage points 

behind last year and thirteen percentage points behind of the 5-year average.

Conditions in the south for cotton have been drier over the last month following an extremely wet start to the season. 

Record high yields are expected in New Mexico and Tennessee.

Tobacco: United States all tobacco production for 2013 is forecast at 731 million pounds, down 4 percent from 2012. 

Area harvested is forecast at 349,850 acres, 4 percent above last year. Average yield for 2013 is forecast at 2,088 pounds 

per acre, 180 pounds below 2012.

Flue-cured tobacco production is expected to total 439 million pounds, 7 percent below last year. North Carolina growers 

reported that consistent rainfall has flooded fields and reduced the quality of tobacco.

Burley production is expected to total 202 million pounds, down 2 percent from last year. Kentucky and Tennessee 

growers reported storm damage and excess moisture affecting crop yields.

Summer potatoes, 2012: Production of 2012 summer potatoes is finalized at 18.1 million cwt, 40 percent above the 

2011 crop. Area harvested, at 48,500 acres, increased 5 percent from 2011. The average yield, at 373 cwt per acre, was up 

93 cwt from 2011.

Fall potatoes, 2012: Production of 2012 fall potatoes is finalized at 418 million cwt, 7 percent above the 2011 crop. Area 

harvested, at 988,900 acres, increased 5 percent from 2011. The average yield, at 423 cwt per acre, was up 7 cwt from 

2011.

All potatoes, 2012: Final production of potatoes from all seasons in 2012 totaled 463 million cwt, up 8 percent from 

2011. Area harvested is estimated at 1.13 million acres, up 5 percent from a year earlier. Average yield, at 409 cwt per 

acre, was up 10 cwt from 2011.

Sugarcane: Production of sugarcane for sugar and seed in 2013 is forecast at 31.3 million tons, down 3 percent from last 

year. Producers intend to harvest 911,100 acres for sugar and seed during the 2013 crop year, up 8,700 acres from last 

year. Expected yield for sugar and seed is forecast at 34.3 tons per acre, down 1.4 tons from 2012.

Sugarbeets: Production of sugarbeets for the 2013 crop year is forecast at 30.9 million tons, down 12 percent from last 

year. Producers expect to harvest 1.18 million acres, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 2 percent from 2012. 

Expected yield is forecast at 26.1 tons per acre, a decrease of 3.2 tons from last year.

Florida citrus: High temperatures for the month were in the mid 90s. Rainfall was widespread and generally heavy, 

adding more water to already wet groves, and maintaining the drought-free conditions in all of the citrus producing 

regions. Groves were saturated in places with some groves reporting very full main canals and ditches. Overflowing was 
36 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

also reported in some areas. Field workers reported that trees and fruit in cared-for-groves looked very good due to 

rainfall over the past months. Production practices in all areas included heavy insecticide and herbicide spraying, limited 

mowing, and psyllid control.

California citrus: Citrus growers continued to irrigate, hedge and skirt groves. Valencia orange harvest was ongoing. Regreening continued to be an issue due to high temperatures. Ruby Red grapefruit and lemons were harvested. New orange 

and mandarin groves were planted.

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: Fruit growers irrigated trees and vines to reduce heat stress. Grape growers trained 

grapevines and pruned to increase light penetration. Wine grapes continued to size and increase sugar. Harvest of wine 

grapes began across the State. Raisin grapes, including Zante Currant and Fiesta varieties, were dried either on the vine or 

on trays. Fantasy, Flame Seedless, Princess, Red Globe, Scarlet Royal, Summer Royal, Sugarone, Sweet Sunshine, and 

Thompson Seedless grape varieties were harvested for fresh use. Gala apple harvest continued, while Fuji and Granny 

Smith apple harvest began. European and Asian pear harvests were ongoing. Prune harvest began. The harvest of 

freestone peaches, nectarines, and plums continued. Growers topped harvested stone fruit trees. A few late variety apricots 

were harvested. Clingstone peach harvest was nearing finish. Pomegranate harvest began in the San Joaquin Valley. 

Kiwifruit and persimmons continued to develop. Blueberry bushes were pruned. Olives were sprayed for Olive Fruit Fly; 

fruits continued to size on trees, with some heavy sets reported. Avocado growers monitored trees for heat stress. Almond 

harvest increased; harvest of the nonpareil variety began. Pistachio nuts started to split. Pistachios continued to be sprayed 

for Navel orangeworm. Walnut and pistachio growers irrigated, mowed, and cleaned orchards in preparation for harvest. 

Walnuts continued to be sprayed for husk fly, coddling moth, and mites. Walnut growers in the northern part of the State 

applied growth regulator to help finish ripening.
Crop Production (September 2013) 37

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology

Survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between August 24 and September 6 to 

gather information on expected yield as of September 1. The objective yield surveys for corn, cotton, and soybeans were 

conducted in the major producing States that usually account for about 75 percent of the United States production. Farm 

operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample 

plots in selected fields for the objective yield survey (corn, cotton, and soybeans). The counts made within each sample 

plot depend on the crop and the maturity of that crop. In all cases, number of plants is recorded along with other 

measurements that provide information to forecast the number of ears, bolls, or pods and their weight. The counts are used

with similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to 

obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the fruit is harvested and weighed. After 

the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal interviewer. 

Approximately 11,500 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about probable yield. 

These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields.

Estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for 

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each Field Office submits an analysis of the 

current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to 

prepare the published September 1 forecasts.

Revision policy: The September 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each 

month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the marketing 

season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. 

Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. Estimates of 

planted acres for spring planted crops are subject to revision in the August Crop Production report if conditions altered 

the planting intentions since the mid-year survey. Planted acres may also be revised for cotton, peanuts, and rice in 

September Crop Production report each year; spring wheat, Durum wheat, barley, and oats only in the Small Grains 

Annual report at the end of September; and all other spring planted crops in the October Crop Production report. 

Revisions to planted acres will only be made when special survey data, administrative data, such as Farm Service Agency 

program “sign up” data, or remote sensing data are available. Harvested acres may be revised any time a production 

forecast is made if there is strong evidence that the intended harvested area has changed since the last forecast.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the September 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the September 1 production 

forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage 

deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the “Root Mean 

Square Error.” Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the 

final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing 

recent years. For example, the "Root Mean Square Error" for the September 1 corn for grain production forecast is 

4.9 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final 

estimate by more than 4.9 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not 

exceed 8.5 percent.

Also, shown in the following table is a 20-year record for selected crops of the differences between the September 1 

forecast and the final estimate. Using corn again as an example, changes between the September 1 forecast and the final 

estimate during the last 20 years have averaged 344 million bushels, ranging from 19 million bushels to 892 million 

bushels. The September 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 12 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that 

the September 1 corn forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
38 Crop Production (September 2013)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Reliability of September 1 Crop Production Forecasts

[Based on data for the past twenty years]

Crop Root mean

square error

90 percent

confidence

interval

Difference between forecast

and final estimate

Production Years

Average Smallest Largest Below

final

Above

final

(percent) (percent) (millions) (millions) (millions) (number) (number)

Corn for grain ..................................... bushels

Rice .......................................................... cwt

Sorghum for grain .............................. bushels

Soybeans for beans ........................... bushels

Upland cotton 1......................................bales

4.9

3.3

8.5

5.6

7.3

8.5

5.7

14.7

9.6

12.7

344

5

27

132

1,104

19

(Z)

1

8

83

892

13

114

381

2,366

12

12

7

12

11

8

8

13

8

9

(Z) Less than half of the unit shown.

1 Quantity is in thousands of units.
Crop Production (September 2013) 39

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch....................................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

Anthony Prillaman, Head, Field Crops Section.................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

 Brent Chittenden – Oats, Rye, Wheat.............................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Angie Considine – Peanuts, Rice..................................................................................................... (202) 720-7688

 Angie Considine – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................................................... (202) 720-5944

 Chris Hawthorn – Corn, Flaxseed, Proso Millet.............................................................................. (202) 720-9526

 Brent Chittenden – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay .............................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ................................................................. (202) 720-7369

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................ (202) 720-2127

 Jorge Garcia-Pratts – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries............................... (202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco .............................................. (202) 720-4288

 LaKeya Jones – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits............................................ (202) 720-5412

 Dave Losh – Hops............................................................................................................................ (360) 709-2400 

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans .................................................. (202) 720-3250

 Daphne Schauber – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes .............................................. (202) 720-4285

 Jorge Garcia-Pratts – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts ............................................ (202) 720-2127
Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:

 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov

 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free 

subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Follow NASS” box under “Receive reports by Email,” 

click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 

7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

 

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination against its customers, employees, and applicants for 

employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, age, disability, sex, gender identity, religion, reprisal, and where

applicable, political beliefs, marital status, familial or parental status, sexual orientation, or all or part of an individual's 

income is derived from any public assistance program, or protected genetic information in employment or in any program 

or activity conducted or funded by the Department. (Not all prohibited bases will apply to all programs and/or 

employment activities.) 

If you wish to file a Civil Rights program complaint of discrimination, complete the USDA Program Discrimination 

Complaint Form (PDF), found online at http://www.ascr.usda.gov/complaint_filing_cust.html, or at any USDA office, or 

call (866) 632-9992 to request the form. You may also write a letter containing all of the information requested in the 

form. Send your completed complaint form or letter to us by mail at U.S. Department of Agriculture, Director, Office of 

Adjudication, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, by fax (202) 690-7442 or email at 

program.intake@usda.gov. 
USDA Data Users’ Meeting

Monday, October 21, 2013

Crowne Plaza Chicago-Metro

Chicago, Illinois 60661

312-829-5000

The USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service will be organizing an

open forum for data users. The purpose will be to provide updates on

pending changes in the various statistical and information programs and seek comments and input from

data users. Other USDA agencies to be represented

will include the Agricultural Marketing Service, the Economic Research Service,

the Foreign Agricultural Service, and the World Agricultural Outlook Board.

The Foreign Trade Division from the Census Bureau will also be included in the meeting. 

For registration details or additional information for the Data Users’ Meeting,

see the NASS homepage at http://www.nass.usda.gov/meeting/ or contact Rose Armstrong (NASS) at 

202-690-8141 or at rose.armstrong@nass.usda.gov.

This Data Users’ Meeting precedes the Industry Outlook Conference that will be held at the same 

location on Tuesday, October 22, 2013. The outlook meeting brings together analysts from various 

commodity sectors to discuss the outlook situation. For registration details or additional information for 

the Industry Outlook Conference, see the conference webpage on the LMIC website:

http://www.lmic.info/IOC/. Or call the Livestock Marketing Information Center (LMIC) at 303-236-

0460.