Cr Pr 2-2 (5-08) 

Washington, D.C.

Crop 

Production

Released May 9, 2008, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. For 

information on Crop Production call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET. 

Winter Wheat Production Up 17 Percent from 2007 

All Orange Production Unchanged From April 

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.78 billion bushels, up 17 percent from 2007. Expected area for harvest 

as grain or seed totals 40.2 million acres, up 12 percent from last year. Based on May 1 conditions, the U.S. yield 

is forecast at 44.3 bushels per acre, up 2.1 bushels from the previous year. 

Hard Red production is up 5 percent from a year ago to 1.01 billion bushels. Soft Red production is up 54 percent 

and totals 551 million bushels. White production totals 215 million bushels, up 10 percent from a year ago. Of 

the White production total, 23.2 million bushels are Hard White and 192 million bushels are Soft White. 

The U.S. all orange forecast for the 2007-08 season is 10.1 million tons, unchanged from the April 1 forecast but 

33 percent higher than the 2006-07 final utilization of 7.63 million tons. Florida’s all orange forecast, at 

169 million boxes (7.58 million tons), is unchanged from the previous forecast but 31 percent higher than last 

season’s final utilization of 129 million boxes. Early, midseason, and navel varieties in Florida are forecast at 

83.5 million boxes (3.76 million tons), unchanged from the April 1 forecast but 27 percent above last season. 

Florida’s Valencia forecast, at 85.0 million boxes (3.83 million tons), is unchanged from the last forecast but 

34 percent higher than 2006-07. The monthly row count survey indicated that about 50 percent of the Valencia 

orange rows had been harvested. If the production forecast for all oranges is achieved, it will be the highest since 

2003-04, prior to the two hurricane seasons. Arizona, California, and Texas orange production forecasts are 

carried forward from April 1. 

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2007-08 season is 1.65 gallons per box 

at 42.0 degrees Brix, up 1 percent from last month and unchanged from last season’s final yield. The early-mid 

portion is final at 1.55 gallons per box, down slightly from last season’s final of 1.56 gallons per box. The 

Valencia portion increased from 1.73 gallons per box to 1.76 gallons per box, second only to last season’s record 

final of 1.77 gallons per box. All yield projections include the assumption that the processing relationships this 

season will be similar to those of the past several seasons. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 2 NASS, USDA 

This report was approved on May 9, 2008. 

Secretary of 

Agriculture 

Edward T. Schafer 

Agricultural Statistics Board 

Chairperson 

Carol C. House 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 3 NASS, USDA 

Contents

 

Page 

Grains & Hay

 Hay Stocks .....................................................................................................................................................6 

 Wheat, By Class .............................................................................................................................................5 

 Wheat, Durum ................................................................................................................................................5 

 Wheat, Winter ................................................................................................................................................4 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton...........................................................................................................................................................14 

 Cumulative Boll Counts ............................................................................................................................17 

 Harvest Loss per Acre ...............................................................................................................................16 

 Cottonseed....................................................................................................................................................16 

 Tobacco ..........................................................................................................................................................9 

Noncitrus Fruits & Tree Nuts

 Almonds .......................................................................................................................................................13 

 Bananas ........................................................................................................................................................12 

 Guavas..........................................................................................................................................................12 

 Papayas.........................................................................................................................................................12 

 Peaches.........................................................................................................................................................13 

 Taro ..............................................................................................................................................................12 

Citrus Fruits

 Grapefruit ........................................................................................................................................................7 

 Lemons............................................................................................................................................................7 

 Oranges ...........................................................................................................................................................7 

 Tangelos ..........................................................................................................................................................7 

 Tangerines .......................................................................................................................................................7 

 Temples ...........................................................................................................................................................7 

Potatoes & Miscellaneous Crops

 Potatoes ..........................................................................................................................................................8 

Crop Comments.................................................................................................................................................26 

Crop Summary ..................................................................................................................................................18 

Information Contacts........................................................................................................................................33 

Reliability of Acreage Data in this Report ......................................................................................................31 

Weather Maps ...................................................................................................................................................24 

Weather Summary ............................................................................................................................................25 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 4 NASS, USDA 

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State 

and United States, 2006-2007 and Forecasted May 1, 2008 

Harvested Yield Production State 

2007 2008 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

AR 

CA 

CO 

DE 

GA 

ID 

IL 

IN 

KS 

KY 

MD 

MI 

MS 

MO 

MT 

NE 

NY 

NC 

OH 

OK 

OR 

PA 

SC 

SD 

TN 

TX 

VA 

WA 

WI 

Oth 

 Sts 1

US 

700 

240 

2,350 

55 

230 

710 

890 

370 

8,600 

250 

170 

540 

330 

880 

2,190 

1,960 

85 

500 

730 

3,500 

735 

155 

135 

1,980 

260 

3,800 

205 

1,690 

270 

1,442 

35,952 

840 

320 

2,100 

78 

350 

840 

1,160 

530 

9,400 

450 

215 

710 

425 

1,120 

2,600 

1,850 

120 

700 

1,000 

4,500 

760 

190 

170 

1,750 

490 

3,400 

250 

1,720 

300 

1,824 

40,162 

41.0 

80.0 

40.0 

68.0 

40.0 

73.0 

57.0 

57.0 

33.0 

49.0 

68.0 

65.0 

56.0 

43.0 

38.0 

43.0 

52.0 

40.0 

63.0 

28.0 

55.0 

58.0 

31.0 

48.0 

41.0 

37.0 

64.0 

64.0 

69.0 

43.5 

42.2 

53.0 

70.0 

32.0 

66.0 

54.0 

72.0 

63.0 

66.0 

38.0 

66.0 

64.0 

69.0 

57.0 

52.0 

34.0 

44.0 

55.0 

51.0 

64.0 

33.0 

60.0 

58.0 

50.0 

44.0 

58.0 

29.0 

64.0 

63.0 

68.0 

44.0 

44.3 

18,605 

14,500 

39,900 

3,015 

5,880 

54,670 

60,970 

31,740 

291,200 

22,720 

8,500 

47,450 

4,307 

49,140 

82,560 

61,200 

5,795 

24,780 

65,280 

81,600 

38,690 

8,850 

6,150 

41,400 

12,160 

33,600 

10,540 

118,800 

17,940 

36,139 

1,298,081 

28,700 

19,200 

94,000 

3,740 

9,200 

51,830 

50,730 

21,090 

283,800 

12,250 

11,560 

35,100 

18,480 

37,840 

83,220 

84,280 

4,420 

20,000 

45,990 

98,000 

40,425 

8,990 

4,185 

95,040 

10,660 

140,600 

13,120 

108,160 

18,630 

62,749 

1,515,989 

44,520 

22,400 

67,200 

5,148 

18,900 

60,480 

73,080 

34,980 

357,200 

29,700 

13,760 

48,990 

24,225 

58,240 

88,400 

81,400 

6,600 

35,700 

64,000 

148,500 

45,600 

11,020 

8,500 

77,000 

28,420 

98,600 

16,000 

108,360 

20,400 

80,209 

1,777,532 

1

 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WY. Individual State level estimates will be published 

in the "Small Grains 2008 Summary." 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 5 NASS, USDA 

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State 

and United States, 2006-2007 and Forecasted May 1, 2008 1

Area Harvested Yield Production State 

2007 2008 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

AZ 

CA 

MT 

ND 

Oth 

 Sts 2

US 

79 

75 

475 

1,460 

23 

2,112 

145 

155 

100.0 

95.0 

24.0 

30.0 

63.5 

33.9 

95.0 

100.0 

7,400 

6,435 

6,715 

31,500 

1,425 

53,475 

7,900 

7,125 

11,400 

43,800 

1,461 

71,686 

13,775 

15,500 

1

 Area harvested for the U.S. and remaining States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2008. Yield and production will be 

published in "Crop Production" released July 11, 2008. 2

 For 2006, Other States include MN and SD. For 2007 and 2008, Other States include ID and SD. Individual State level estimates will 

be published in the "Small Grains 2008 Summary." 

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 2006-2007 

and Forecasted May 1, 2008 1

Winter 

Year Hard 

Red 

Soft 

Red 

Hard 

White 

Soft 

White 

All 

White 

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

 2006 

 2007 

 2008 

682,079 

961,588 

1,011,255 

390,165 

357,897 

550,826 

13,284 

21,460 

23,172 

212,553 

175,044 

192,279 

225,837 

196,504 

215,451 

Spring 

Hard 

Red 

Hard 

White 

Soft 

White 

All 

White Durum 

Total 

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 

 2006 

 2007 

 2008 

432,339 

448,904 

6,226 

5,589 

21,915 

24,554 

28,141 

30,143 

53,475 

71,686 

1,812,036 

2,066,722 

1

 Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both survey and administrative data. The previous endof-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data 

available. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 6 NASS, USDA 

Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States, 

December 1 and May 1, 2005-2008 

Dec 1 May 1 State 

2005 2006 2007 2006 2007 2008 

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

AL 

AZ 

AR 

CA 

CO 

CT 

DE 

FL 

GA 

ID 

IL 

IN 

IA 

KS 

KY 

LA 

ME 

MD 

MA 

MI 

MN 

MS 

MO 

MT 

NE 

NV 

NH 

NJ 

NM 

NY 

NC 

ND 

OH 

OK 

OR 

PA 

RI 

SC 

SD 

TN 

TX 

UT 

VT 

VA 

WA 

WV 

WI 

WY 

US 

1,575 

350 

2,000 

1,840 

2,365 

55 

18 

380 

1,350 

2,260 

1,260 

1,498 

4,200 

5,000 

4,390 

596 

138 

390 

76 

1,852 

4,117 

1,567 

6,315 

5,440 

4,585 

788 

53 

112 

545 

1,650 

1,245 

5,580 

2,360 

3,900 

1,790 

1,700 

10 

565 

7,935 

3,625 

8,000 

1,370 

257 

2,585 

1,475 

984 

3,183 

1,876 

105,205 

1,065 

350 

2,140 

1,785 

2,130 

65 

18 

380 

878 

2,575 

1,690 

1,475 

3,900 

4,390 

4,550 

690 

140 

452 

90 

2,385 

4,200 

1,186 

5,415 

4,105 

3,680 

879 

60 

97 

470 

1,451 

1,280 

4,375 

2,155 

3,275 

1,840 

3,485 

8 

468 

5,120 

3,103 

7,550 

1,410 

273 

2,190 

1,339 

816 

3,577 

1,600 

96,555 

1,318 

260 

2,700 

1,890 

2,400 

67 

8 

492 

1,013 

2,400 

1,100 

973 

3,500 

5,465 

3,312 

820 

160 

240 

76 

1,700 

3,140 

1,459 

6,662 

4,500 

4,280 

767 

45 

68 

580 

1,674 

682 

4,990 

1,653 

6,100 

1,700 

1,750 

6 

350 

7,816 

1,930 

13,400 

1,130 

233 

1,705 

1,385 

720 

3,467 

1,900 

103,986 

264 

40 

210 

192 

460 

9 

4 

60 

198 

375 

324 

207 

1,000 

800 

635 

81 

25 

74 

17 

395 

1,150 

210 

873 

1,463 

1,070 

209 

8 

8 

133 

285 

282 

1,806 

363 

550 

210 

410 

1 

120 

2,140 

742 

896 

266 

57 

730 

250 

214 

1,135 

394 

21,345 

144 

35 

160 

202 

290 

12 

4 

21 

82 

320 

325 

198 

684 

600 

600 

57 

27 

60 

13 

350 

740 

78 

625 

760 

863 

202 

12 

10 

105 

326 

120 

609 

356 

400 

180 

520 

3 

65 

1,150 

425 

885 

185 

38 

268 

240 

136 

1,308 

220 

15,013 

150 

36 

530 

250 

520 

8 

1 

66 

145 

300 

210 

93 

640 

1,100 

186 

100 

27 

52 

12 

320 

535 

196 

900 

1,025 

1,010 

90 

6 

5 

125 

283 

79 

1,260 

165 

1,600 

150 

500 

1 

55 

1,930 

195 

4,906 

215 

60 

226 

208 

92 

790 

240 

21,593 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 7 NASS, USDA 

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States, 

2005-06, 2006-07 and Forecasted May 1, 2008 1

Utilized Production 

Boxes 

Utilized Production 

Crop and State Ton Equivalent 

2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

Oranges 

 Early, Mid & 

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL 5

 TX 4

 US 

 Valencia 

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL 

 TX 4

 US 

 All 

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL 

 TX 4

 US 

Temples 5

 FL 

Grapefruit 

 White 

 FL 

 Colored 

 FL 

 All 

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL 

 TX 4

 US 

Tangerines 

 AZ 4 6

 CA 4 6

 FL 

 US 

Lemons 4

 AZ 

 CA 

 US 

Tangelos 

 FL 

250 

47,000 

75,000 

1,400 

123,650 

200 

14,000 

72,700 

200 

87,100 

450 

61,000 

147,700 

1,600 

210,750 

700 

6,500 

12,800 

100 

6,000 

19,300 

5,200 

30,600 

550 

3,600 

5,500 

9,650 

3,800 

22,000 

25,800 

1,400 

200 

34,500 

65,600 

1,600 

101,900 

100 

11,500 

63,400 

380 

75,380 

300 

46,000 

129,000 

1,980 

177,280 

9,300 

17,900 

100 

5,500 

27,200 

7,100 

39,900 

300 

3,500 

4,600 

8,400 

2,500 

18,500 

21,000 

1,250 

250 

49,500 

83,500 

1,400 

134,650 

100 

16,000 

85,000 

388 

101,488 

350 

65,500 

168,500 

1,788 

236,138 

9,000 

17,300 

150 

5,000 

26,300 

6,400 

37,850 

400 

5,100 

5,300 

10,800 

1,500 

17,000 

18,500 

1,500 

9 

1,763 

3,375 

60 

5,207 

8 

525 

3,272 

9 

3,814 

17 

2,288 

6,647 

69 

9,021 

32 

276 

544 

3 

201 

820 

208 

1,232 

21 

135 

261 

417 

144 

836 

980 

63 

8 

1,294 

2,952 

68 

4,322 

4 

431 

2,853 

16 

3,304 

12 

1,725 

5,805 

84 

7,626 

395 

761 

3 

184 

1,156 

284 

1,627 

11 

131 

219 

361 

95 

703 

798 

56 

9 

1,856 

3,758 

60 

5,683 

4 

600 

3,825 

16 

4,445 

13 

2,456 

7,583 

76 

10,128 

383 

735 

5 

168 

1,118 

256 

1,547 

15 

191 

252 

458 

57 

646 

703 

68 

1

 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2

 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos-90; Temples-90; 

tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3

 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small quantities of 

tangerines in TX. 4

 Estimates for current year carried forward from previous forecast. 

5

 Temples included in early and midseason orange varieties beginning with 2006-07 season. 

6

 Includes tangelos and tangors. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 8 NASS, USDA 

Spring Potatoes: Area Planted, Harvested, Yield, and Production 

by State and United States, 2006-2008 

Area 

Planted Harvested 

Yield Production 

State 

2007 2008 2007 2008 2007 2008 2006 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 

AZ 

CA 

FL 1

 Hastings 

 Other FL 

NC 

TX 2

Total 2

4.0 

15.5 

27.8 

16.5 

11.3 

16.0 

9.5 

72.8 

3.5 

14.3 

28.5 

17.3 

11.2 

14.5 

8.4 

69.2 

4.0 

15.5 

27.2 

16.2 

11.0 

14.5 

9.0 

70.2 

3.5 

14.3 

27.9 

17.0 

10.9 

14.0 

8.0 

67.7 

280 

395 

287 

285 

290 

186 

230 

282 

300 

420 

288 

290 

285 

200 

210 

289 

1,170 

6,044 

6,441 

4,731 

1,710 

3,255 

2,856 

19,766 

1,120 

6,123 

7,807 

4,617 

3,190 

2,700 

2,070 

19,820 

1,050 

6,006 

8,037 

4,930 

3,107 

2,800 

1,680 

19,573 

1

 Winter potatoes combined with spring potatoes in 2007. 

2

 2007 revised. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 9 NASS, USDA 

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value 

by State and United States, 2006-2007 1

Area Harvested Yield Production State 

2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

CT 

FL 2

GA 

KY 

MA 

MO 

NC 

OH 

PA 

SC 

TN 

VA 

US 

2,500 

1,100 

17,000 

83,000 

1,150 

1,500 

158,900 

3,500 

7,900 

23,000 

19,800 

19,650 

339,000 

2,900 

18,500 

89,200 

1,320 

1,600 

170,000 

3,500 

7,900 

20,500 

19,980 

20,600 

356,000 

1,549 

2,600 

1,770 

2,250 

1,558 

2,250 

2,080 

2,000 

2,056 

2,100 

2,482 

2,408 

2,146 

1,699 

2,150 

2,136 

1,675 

2,330 

2,255 

2,050 

2,177 

2,250 

1,934 

2,240 

2,191 

3,873 

2,860 

30,090 

186,780 

1,792 

3,375 

330,580 

7,000 

16,240 

48,300 

49,135 

47,322 

727,347 

4,927 

39,775 

190,560 

2,211 

3,728 

383,420 

7,175 

17,200 

46,125 

38,636 

46,142 

779,899 

Price 

per Pound 

Value of 

Production 

2006 2007 2006 2007 

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 

CT 3

FL 2

GA 

KY 

MA 3

MO 

NC 

OH 

PA 4

SC 

TN 

VA 

CT & MA 5

US 4 6

6.500 

1.510 

1.440 

1.772 

6.750 

1.600 

1.502 

1.580 

1.615 

1.490 

1.893 

1.526 

21.700 

1.665 

6.400 

1.530 

1.741 

6.900 

1.600 

1.531 

1.570 

1.650 

1.500 

1.962 

1.543 

1.686 

18,876 

4,319 

43,330 

330,941 

10,328 

5,400 

496,599 

11,060 

26,223 

71,967 

93,009 

72,214 

26,712 

1,210,978 

22,253 

60,856 

331,792 

13,283 

5,965 

587,029 

11,265 

24,569 

69,188 

75,823 

71,206 

1,310,900 

1

 2007 revised. 

2

 Estimates discontinued in 2007. 

3

 Price and value includes CT Valley Broadleaf only. CT Valley Shade-grown is not included in State totals to avoid disclosure of 

individual operations. 4

 Price and value for 2007 exclude Southern MD Belt tobacco to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 5

 Includes CT Valley Shade-grown only. CT and MA combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value not 

available for 2007. 6

 Includes estimated 2007 value of production for CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown. Used 2006 CT and MA, CT Valley Shadegrown price to compute the 2007 value of production. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 10 NASS, USDA 

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, 

State, and United States, 2006-2007 1

Area Harvested Yield Production Class and Type 

2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

Class 1, Flue-cured 

 FL 2

 GA 

 NC 

 SC 

 VA 

 US 

Class 2, Fire-cured 

 KY 

 TN 

 VA 

 US 

Class 3, Air-cured 

 Light Air-cured 

 Burley 

 KY 

 MO 

 NC 

 OH 

 PA 

 TN 

 VA 

 US 

 Southern MD Belt 

 PA 

Total Light Air-cured 

 Class 3, Air-cured 

 Dark Air-cured 

 KY 

 TN 

 US 

Class 4, Cigar Filler 

 PA Seedleaf 

 PA 

Class 5, Cigar Binder 

 CT Valley Binder 

 CT 

 MA 

 US 

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper 

 CT Valley Shade-grown 

 CT 

 MA 

 US 

All Cigar Types 

All Tobacco 

1,100 

17,000 

155,000 

23,000 

17,000 

213,100 

6,200 

5,300 

350 

11,850 

73,000 

1,500 

3,900 

3,500 

5,500 

14,000 

2,300 

103,700 

1,100 

104,800 

3,800 

500 

4,300 

1,300 

1,650 

950 

2,600 

850 

200 

1,050 

4,950 

339,000 

18,500 

166,000 

20,500 

18,000 

223,000 

8,000 

6,200 

400 

14,600 

77,000 

1,600 

4,000 

3,500 

5,000 

13,000 

2,200 

106,300 

1,100 

107,400 

4,200 

780 

4,980 

1,800 

1,900 

1,100 

3,000 

1,000 

220 

1,220 

6,020 

356,000 

2,600 

1,770 

2,090 

2,100 

2,470 

2,098 

3,500 

3,200 

2,090 

3,324 

2,100 

2,250 

1,700 

2,000 

2,100 

2,200 

2,000 

2,095 

1,900 

2,093 

3,100 

2,750 

3,059 

2,000 

1,760 

1,610 

1,705 

1,140 

1,310 

1,172 

1,670 

2,146 

2,150 

2,270 

2,250 

2,280 

2,259 

3,100 

2,600 

1,920 

2,855 

2,000 

2,330 

1,650 

2,050 

2,150 

1,600 

1,970 

1,951 

2,100 

1,952 

2,800 

2,200 

2,706 

2,300 

1,830 

1,750 

1,801 

1,450 

1,300 

1,423 

1,873 

2,191 

2,860 

30,090 

323,950 

48,300 

41,990 

447,190 

21,700 

16,960 

732 

39,392 

153,300 

3,375 

6,630 

7,000 

11,550 

30,800 

4,600 

217,255 

2,090 

219,345 

11,780 

1,375 

13,155 

2,600 

2,904 

1,530 

4,434 

969 

262 

1,231 

8,265 

727,347 

39,775 

376,820 

46,125 

41,040 

503,760 

24,800 

16,120 

768 

41,688 

154,000 

3,728 

6,600 

7,175 

10,750 

20,800 

4,334 

207,387 

2,310 

209,697 

11,760 

1,716 

13,476 

4,140 

3,477 

1,925 

5,402 

1,450 

286 

1,736 

11,278 

779,899 

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 11 NASS, USDA 

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State, 

and United States, 2006-2007 1

 (continued) 

Price per 

Pound 

Value of 

Class and Type Production 

2006 2007 2006 2007 

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 

Class 1, Flue-cured 

 FL 2

 GA 

 NC 

 SC 

 VA 

 US 

Class 2, Fire-cured 

 KY 

 TN 

 VA 

 US 

Class 3, Air-cured 

 Light Air-cured 

 Burley 

 KY 

 MO 

 NC 

 OH 

 PA 

 TN 

 VA 

 US 

 Southern MD Belt 

 PA 3

 Total Light Air-cured 3

Class 3, Air-cured 

 Dark Air-cured 

 KY 

 TN 

 US 

Class 4, Cigar Filler 

 PA Seedleaf 

 PA 

Class 5, Cigar Binder 

 CT Valley Binder 

 CT 

 MA 

 US 

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper 

CT Valley Shade-grown 

 CT 4

 MA 4

 US 4

All Cigar Types 5

All Tobacco 6

1.510 

1.440 

1.500 

1.490 

1.510 

1.496 

2.400 

2.400 

1.980 

2.392 

1.650 

1.600 

1.610 

1.580 

1.650 

1.600 

1.600 

1.638 

1.500 

1.636 

2.200 

2.200 

2.200 

1.550 

6.500 

6.750 

6.586 

21.700 

7.253 

1.665 

1.530 

1.530 

1.500 

1.530 

1.527 

2.400 

2.420 

2.040 

2.401 

1.600 

1.600 

1.590 

1.570 

1.650 

1.590 

1.580 

1.600 

2.200 

2.180 

2.197 

1.650 

6.400 

6.900 

6.578 

4.440 

1.686 

4,319 

43,330 

485,925 

71,967 

63,405 

668,946 

52,080 

40,704 

1,449 

94,233 

252,945 

5,400 

10,674 

11,060 

19,058 

49,280 

7,360 

355,777 

3,135 

358,912 

25,916 

3,025 

28,941 

4,030 

18,876 

10,328 

29,204 

26,712 

59,946 

1,210,978 

60,856 

576,535 

69,188 

62,791 

769,370 

59,520 

39,010 

1,567 

100,097 

246,400 

5,965 

10,494 

11,265 

17,738 

33,072 

6,848 

331,782 

25,872 

3,741 

29,613 

6,831 

22,253 

13,283 

35,536 

42,367 

1,310,900 

1

 2007 revised. 

2

 Estimates discontinued in 2007. 

3

 Price and value for 2007 not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 4

 CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown price and value for 2006 combined to avoid disclosure of individual operations. Price and value 

not available for 2007. 5

 The 2007 price and value exclude CT Valley Shade-grown. 

6

 Includes estimated 2007 value of production for CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown. Used 2006 CT and MA, CT Valley Shade-grown 

price to compute the 2007 value production. Excludes Southern MD belt tobacco. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 12 NASS, USDA 

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production by Month, Hawaii, 2007-2008 

Area Fresh Production 1

Month Total in Crop Harvested 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

2007 2008 

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

Feb 

Mar 

1,930 

2,080 

2,040 

2,020 

1,160 

1,295 

1,430 

1,425 

2,015 

2,345 

2,695 

2,505 

1

 Utilized fresh production. 

Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield, 

and Production, Hawaii, 2006-2007 1

Area Harvested Yield Production Crop 

2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 

Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

Bananas 2

Guavas 2

Papayas 2

Taro 3

1,000 

365 

1,530 

380 

870 

85 

1,310 

370 

20.0 

20.3 

18.8 

22.6 

16.5 

25.5 

20,000 

7,400 

28,700 

4,500 

19,700 

1,400 

33,400 

4,000 

1

 2007 revised. 

2

 Only utilized production is estimated. 

3

 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 13 NASS, USDA 

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California, 

2006-2007 and Forecasted May 1, 2008 

Total Production State 

2006 2007 2008 

Tons Tons Tons 

Freestone 

Clingstone 1

Total 

353,000 

359,000 

712,000 

430,000 

503,000 

933,000 

430,000 

400,000 

830,000 

1

 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions. 

Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production, 

California, 2006-2007 and Forecasted May 1, 2008 

Utilized Production State 

2006 2007 1

 2008 

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 

CA 1,120,000 1,380,000 1,460,000 

1

 Revised. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 14 NASS, USDA 

Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield 

by Type, State, and United States, 2006-2007 

Area 

Planted 

Area 

Harvested Yield Type 

and 

State 2006 2007 1

 2006 2007 1 2006 2007 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds 

Upland 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

Amer-Pima 

 AZ 

 CA 

 NM 

 TX 

 US 

All 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

575.0 

190.0 

1,170.0 

285.0 

103.0 

1,400.0 

115.0 

635.0 

1,230.0 

500.0 

50.0 

870.0 

320.0 

300.0 

700.0 

6,400.0 

105.0 

14,948.0 

7.0 

275.0 

13.0 

31.0 

326.0 

575.0 

197.0 

1,170.0 

560.0 

103.0 

1,400.0 

115.0 

635.0 

1,230.0 

500.0 

63.0 

870.0 

320.0 

300.0 

700.0 

6,431.0 

105.0 

15,274.0 

400.0 

170.0 

860.0 

195.0 

85.0 

1,030.0 

47.0 

335.0 

660.0 

380.0 

43.0 

500.0 

175.0 

180.0 

515.0 

4,900.0 

60.0 

10,535.0 

2.5 

260.0 

4.7 

25.0 

292.2 

400.0 

172.5 

860.0 

455.0 

85.0 

1,030.0 

47.0 

335.0 

660.0 

380.0 

47.7 

500.0 

175.0 

180.0 

515.0 

4,925.0 

60.0 

10,827.2 

560.0 

188.0 

1,160.0 

283.0 

101.0 

1,370.0 

110.0 

630.0 

1,220.0 

496.0 

48.0 

865.0 

180.0 

298.0 

695.0 

4,100.0 

104.0 

12,408.0 

7.0 

274.0 

12.5 

30.0 

323.5 

560.0 

195.0 

1,160.0 

557.0 

101.0 

1,370.0 

110.0 

630.0 

1,220.0 

496.0 

60.5 

865.0 

180.0 

298.0 

695.0 

4,130.0 

104.0 

12,731.5 

385.0 

168.0 

850.0 

194.0 

81.0 

995.0 

43.0 

330.0 

655.0 

379.0 

39.0 

490.0 

165.0 

158.0 

510.0 

4,700.0 

59.0 

10,201.0 

2.5 

257.0 

4.6 

24.0 

288.1 

385.0 

170.5 

850.0 

451.0 

81.0 

995.0 

43.0 

330.0 

655.0 

379.0 

43.6 

490.0 

165.0 

158.0 

510.0 

4,724.0 

59.0 

10,489.1 

579 

1,420 

1,045 

1,321 

789 

818 

511 

946 

829 

953 

930 

713 

541 

697 

945 

679 

717 

806 

919 

1,204 

768 

720 

1,136 

579 

1,402 

1,045 

1,263 

789 

818 

511 

946 

829 

953 

897 

713 

541 

697 

945 

679 

717 

814 

519 

1,469 

1,071 

1,608 

687 

801 

639 

1,017 

966 

968 

1,095 

767 

817 

486 

565 

843 

829 

864 

883 

1,481 

856 

920 

1,419 

519 

1,460 

1,071 

1,536 

687 

801 

639 

1,017 

966 

968 

1,070 

767 

817 

486 

565 

843 

829 

879 

1

 Revised. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 15 NASS, USDA 

Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type, 

State, and United States, 2006-2007 

Production in 

480-lb Net Weight 

Bales 1

Lintseed 

Ratio 2

Bales Ginned in 

480-lb Net Weight 

Bales 3

Type 

and 

State 

2006 2007 4

 2006 2007 2006 2007 4

1,000 Bales 1,000 Bales Bales Bales 

Upland 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

Amer-Pima 

 AZ 

 CA 

 NM 

 TX 

 US 

All 

 AL 

 AZ 

 AR 

 CA 

 FL 

 GA 

 KS 

 LA 

 MS 

 MO 

 NM 

 NC 

 OK 

 SC 

 TN 

 TX 

 VA 

 US 

675.0 

556.0 

2,525.0 

779.0 

166.0 

2,334.0 

117.0 

1,241.0 

2,107.0 

985.0 

93.0 

1,285.0 

203.0 

433.0 

1,368.0 

5,800.0 

155.4 

20,822.4 

13.4 

687.0 

20.0 

45.0 

765.4 

675.0 

569.4 

2,525.0 

1,466.0 

166.0 

2,334.0 

117.0 

1,241.0 

2,107.0 

985.0 

113.0 

1,285.0 

203.0 

433.0 

1,368.0 

5,845.0 

155.4 

21,587.8 

416.0 

514.0 

1,896.0 

650.0 

116.0 

1,660.0 

57.2 

699.0 

1,318.0 

764.0 

89.0 

783.0 

281.0 

160.0 

600.0 

8,250.0 

101.9 

18,355.1 

4.6 

793.0 

8.2 

46.0 

851.8 

416.0 

518.6 

1,896.0 

1,443.0 

116.0 

1,660.0 

57.2 

699.0 

1,318.0 

764.0 

97.2 

783.0 

281.0 

160.0 

600.0 

8,296.0 

101.9 

19,206.9 

0.409 

0.397 

0.430 

0.422 

0.413 

0.424 

0.404 

0.408 

0.394 

0.435 

0.424 

0.411 

0.429 

0.410 

691,600 

530,700 

2,475,450 

804,650 

153,250 

2,358,150 

119,450 

1,278,750 

2,079,750 

1,015,450 

39,950 

1,306,600 

187,400 

416,250 

1,346,400 

5,862,350 

145,300 

20,811,450 

13,800 

686,900 

22,100 

42,550 

765,350 

691,600 

544,500 

2,475,450 

1,491,550 

153,250 

2,358,150 

119,450 

1,278,750 

2,079,750 

1,015,450 

62,050 

1,306,600 

187,400 

416,250 

1,346,400 

5,904,900 

145,300 

21,576,800 

409,900 

491,900 

1,849,700 

672,650 

105,900 

1,672,200 

53,500 

712,200 

1,300,650 

804,550 

51,100 

791,500 

283,550 

152,800 

602,100 

8,295,200 

98,050 

18,347,450 

4,550 

792,650 

10,500 

43,550 

851,250 

409,900 

496,450 

1,849,700 

1,465,300 

105,900 

1,672,200 

53,500 

712,200 

1,300,650 

804,550 

61,600 

791,500 

283,550 

152,800 

602,100 

8,338,750 

98,050 

19,198,700 

1

 Production ginned and to be ginned. 

2

 Estimates available only for the 7 States shown. Based on a three-year average. 3

 Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4

 Revised. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 16 NASS, USDA 

Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition 

by State and United States, 2006-2007 

Farm Disposition 

Production Sales to 

Oil Mills Other 1

Seed for 

Planting 2

State 

2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 3

 2007 

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 

AL 

AZ 

AR 

CA 

FL 

GA 

KS 

LA 

MS 

MO 

NM 

NC 

OK 

SC 

TN 

TX 

VA 

US 

230.0 

214.2 

861.0 

532.0 

49.3 

699.0 

45.0 

400.0 

731.0 

359.0 

40.0 

414.0 

71.6 

136.8 

441.0 

2,065.9 

58.1 

7,347.9 

151.0 

182.8 

671.0 

546.0 

32.9 

487.0 

20.0 

228.0 

467.0 

276.0 

33.5 

244.0 

106.5 

47.5 

203.0 

2,860.7 

31.8 

6,588.7 

34.0 

0.0 

580.0 

71.0 

39.8 

447.0 

1.0 

256.0 

552.0 

221.0 

0.0 

55.0 

52.0 

67.5 

325.0 

907.0 

0.0 

3,608.3 

25.5 

0.0 

508.0 

105.0 

28.2 

262.0 

4.0 

129.0 

408.0 

163.0 

0.0 

61.0 

92.4 

33.9 

156.0 

1,659.1 

0.0 

3,635.1 

196.0 

214.2 

281.0 

461.0 

9.5 

252.0 

44.0 

144.0 

179.0 

138.0 

40.0 

359.0 

19.6 

69.3 

116.0 

1,158.9 

58.1 

3,739.6 

125.5 

182.8 

163.0 

441.0 

4.7 

225.0 

16.0 

99.0 

59.0 

113.0 

33.5 

183.0 

14.1 

13.6 

47.0 

1,201.6 

31.8 

2,953.1 

2.4 

1.3 

5.6 

4.1 

0.9 

4.6 

0.2 

2.0 

4.3 

2.1 

0.3 

3.0 

1.1 

0.7 

3.3 

34.5 

0.6 

71.0 

1.8 

1.1 

4.2 

2.5 

0.3 

5.0 

0.2 

1.7 

2.8 

1.7 

0.2 

2.5 

1.1 

0.5 

3.7 

33.1 

0.6 

63.0 

1

 Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 2

 Included in "other" farm disposition. Seed for planting is produced in crop year shown, but used in the following year. 3

 Revised. 

Cotton: Objective Yield Data 

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted objective yield surveys in 7 cotton producing States during 

2007. Randomly selected plots in cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to obtain 

specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. 

Cotton: Harvest Loss per Acre, by State, 2003-2007 

State 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 

Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds Pounds 

AR 

CA 

GA 

LA 

MS 

NC 

TX 

105 

130 

136 

108 

95 

165 

58 

77 

125 

128 

84 

77 

165 

49 

138 

165 

139 

118 

73 

189 

59 

93 

135 

183 

127 

68 

184 

56 

146 

131 

185 

136 

103 

134 

52 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 17 NASS, USDA 

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts, Selected States, 2004-2007 1

State Month 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 

 Number Number Number Number Number 

AR 

CA 

GA 

LA 

MS 

NC 

TX 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

Sep 

Oct 

Nov 

Dec 

Final 

798 

755 

744 

744 

744 

973 

945 

893 

893 

893 

559 

646 

643 

665 

665 

681 

778 

775 

775 

775 

837 

824 

811 

808 

808 

628 

630 

632 

632 

632 

465 

431 

429 

435 

435 

864 

771 

753 

754 

754 

954 

952 

945 

948 

948 

646 

690 

686 

687 

687 

635 

707 

691 

691 

691 

808 

789 

780 

780 

780 

758 

719 

732 

733 

733 

639 

672 

593 

624 

624 

811 

728 

733 

733 

733 

993 

926 

1,002 

1,011 

1,011 

667 

689 

767 

767 

767 

746 

768 

775 

775 

775 

818 

729 

724 

722 

722 

799 

693 

721 

721 

721 

620 

516 

586 

585 

585 

859 

814 

849 

824 

824 

911 

869 

926 

933 

933 

648 

675 

774 

790 

790 

760 

781 

786 

785 

785 

700 

699 

695 

695 

695 

637 

641 

671 

671 

671 

530 

477 

533 

544 

544 

790 

839 

849 

849 

849 

1,084 

1,115 

1,139 

1,144 

1,144 

616 

570 

707 

708 

708 

796 

808 

841 

841 

841 

819 

745 

747 

747 

747 

527 

601 

625 

625 

625 

602 

538 

631 

632 

632 

1

 Includes small bolls (less than one inch in diameter), large unopened bolls (at least one inch in diameter), open bolls, partially opened 

bolls, and burrs per 40 feet of row. November, December, and Final exclude small bolls. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 18 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2007-2008 

(Domestic Units) 1

Area Planted Area Harvested Crop 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 

 Upland 

 Amer-Pima 

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 

 Dry Edible Beans 

 Dry Edible Peas 

 Lentils 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 4

4,020.0 

93,600.0 

3,760.0 

570.0 

2,761.0 

1,376.0 

7,718.0 

60,433.0 

44,987.0 

2,149.0 

13,297.0 

1,183.0 

354.0 

56.0 

1,230.0 

1.5 

180.0 

63,631.0 

2,068.0 

10,827.2 

10,535.0 

292.2 

1,269.8 

29.0 

1,526.9 

847.5 

303.0 

1,148.8 

11.5 

72.8 

53.7 

1,010.6 

100.6 

4,147.0 

86,014.0 

3,420.0 

2,770.0 

7,415.0 

63,803.0 

46,840.0 

2,630.0 

14,333.0 

1,010.0 

360.0 

1,430.0 

74,793.0 

2,153.0 

9,389.6 

9,186.0 

203.6 

1,131.8 

25.5 

1,398.5 

820.0 

277.0 

11.0 

69.2 

103.8 

3,508.0 

86,542.0 

6,071.0 

61,625.0 

21,670.0 

39,955.0 

1,505.0 

515.0 

2,748.0 

289.0 

6,805.0 

399.0 

51,011.0 

35,952.0 

2,112.0 

12,947.0 

1,163.0 

349.0 

52.8 

1,195.0 

1.0 

172.0 

62,820.0 

2,009.5 

10,489.1 

10,201.0 

288.1 

1,246.9 

883.5 

356.0 

11.0 

1,478.7 

811.3 

295.0 

6.4 

0.1 

30.9 

73.3 

1,129.9 

11.5 

70.2 

51.3 

996.7 

19.6 

97.5 

0.4 

60,583.0 

40,162.0 

350.9 

11.0 

67.7 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the 

full 2008 crop year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 

3

 Acreage is not estimated. 

4

 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 19 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2007-2008 

(Domestic Units) 1

Yield Production Crop Units 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

 1,000 1,000 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 2

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 3

Bu 

" 

Tons 

" 

" 

" 

Bu 

" 

Cwt 

Bu 

" 

Tons 

Bu 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

Tons 

Bu 

Lbs 

" 

" 

" 

Bu 

Lbs 

Bales 

" 

" 

Tons 

" 

Lbs 

Cwt 

" 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

" 

" 

" 

Cwt 

" 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

Cwt 

Lbs 

60.4 

151.1 

17.5 

2.44 

3.35 

1.95 

60.9 

32.3 

7,185 

27.4 

74.2 

15.6 

40.5 

42.2 

33.9 

37.0 

1,250 

16.9 

603 

3,130 

1,300 

1,215 

41.2 

1,437 

879 

864 

1,419 

25.6 

34.9 

2,191 

1,155 

1,716 

1,960 

1,155 

1,170 

35,000 

1,949 

93 

398 

215 

282 

332 

410 

121 

189 

44.3 

240 

289 

211,825 

13,073,893 

106,328 

150,304 

72,575 

77,729 

91,599 

16,615 

197,456 

7,914 

504,993 

6,206 

2,066,722 

1,515,989 

71,686 

479,047 

1,453,830 

6,588.7 

5,904 

31,826 

3,740,650 

1,300 

208,995 

2,585,207 

2,888,555 

19,206.9 

18,355.1 

851.8 

31,912 

30,837 

779,899 

127 

25,371 

15,903 

3,408 

541 

7,500 

2,800 

60,253.1 

6,794 

449,281 

2,473 

19,820 

17,032 

409,082 

2,379 

18,452 

4,000 

1,777,532 

2,640 

19,573 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the 

full 2008 crop year. 2

 Yield in pounds. 

3

 Yield is not estimated. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 20 NASS, USDA 

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2006-2008 

(Domestic Units) 1

Production Crop Units 

2006 2007 2008 

 1,000 1,000 1,000 

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit 

 Lemons 

 Oranges 3

 Tangelos (FL) 

 Tangerines 

 Temples (FL) 3

Noncitrus 

 Apples 

 Apricots 

 Bananas (HI) 

 Grapes 

 Olives (CA) 

 Papayas (HI) 

 Peaches 

 Pears 

 Prunes, Dried (CA) 

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) 

Nuts & Misc. 

 Almonds (CA) (shelled) 

 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) 

 Pecans (in-shell) 

 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) 

 Maple Syrup 

Tons 

" 

" 

" 

" 

" 

1,000 Lbs 

Tons 

Lbs 

Tons 

" 

Lbs 

Tons 

" 

" 

" 

Lbs 

Tons 

Lbs 

Tons 

Gals 

1,232 

980 

9,021 

63 

417 

32 

9,851.7 

44.5 

20,000.0 

6,377.2 

23.5 

28,700.0 

1,010.1 

842.0 

198.0 

21.5 

1,120,000 

43.0 

206,300 

346.0 

1,449 

1,627 

798 

7,626 

56 

361 

9,342.6 

88.3 

19,700.0 

6,729.7 

132.5 

33,400.0 

1,112.7 

881.0 

81.0 

11.9 

1,380,000 

36.0 

349,155 

320.0 

1,258 

1,547 

703 

10,128 

68 

458 

1,460,000 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the 

full 2008 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2007-08 season. 2

 Production years are 2005-06, 2006-07, and 2007-08. 

3

 Temples included in oranges beginning with the 2006-07 season. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 21 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 2007-2008 

(Metric Units) 1

Area Planted Area Harvested Crop 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 4

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland 

 Amer-Pima 

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 

 Dry Edible Beans 

 Dry Edible Peas 

 Lentils 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 4

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 5

1,626,850 

37,878,980 

1,521,630 

230,670 

1,117,350 

556,850 

3,123,400 

24,456,630 

18,205,790 

869,680 

5,381,160 

478,750 

143,260 

22,660 

497,770 

610 

72,840 

25,750,830 

836,900 

4,381,660 

4,263,410 

118,250 

513,880 

11,740 

617,920 

342,970 

122,620 

464,910 

4,650 

29,460 

21,730 

408,980 

40,710 

1,678,250 

34,809,010 

1,384,040 

1,120,990 

3,000,780 

25,820,440 

18,955,680 

1,064,330 

5,800,420 

408,740 

145,690 

578,710 

30,267,980 

871,300 

3,799,880 

3,717,480 

82,390 

458,030 

10,320 

565,960 

331,850 

112,100 

4,450 

28,000 

42,010 

1,419,650 

35,022,680 

2,456,870 

24,939,020 

8,769,630 

16,169,390 

609,060 

208,420 

1,112,090 

116,960 

2,753,920 

161,470 

20,643,640 

14,549,410 

854,710 

5,239,520 

470,650 

141,240 

21,370 

483,600 

400 

69,610 

25,422,630 

813,220 

4,244,830 

4,128,240 

116,590 

504,610 

357,540 

144,070 

4,450 

598,420 

328,320 

119,380 

2,590 

30 

12,510 

29,660 

457,260 

4,650 

28,410 

20,760 

403,350 

7,930 

39,460 

150 

24,517,330 

16,253,160 

142,010 

4,450 

27,400 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2008 crop 

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 

3

 Total may not add due to rounding. 

4

 Acreage is not estimated. 

5

 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 22 NASS, USDA 

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 2007-2008 

(Metric Units) 1

Yield Production Crop 

2007 2008 2007 2008 

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons 

Grains & Hay 

 Barley 

 Corn for Grain 

 Corn for Silage 

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa 

 All Other 

 Oats 

 Proso Millet 

 Rice 

 Rye 

 Sorghum for Grain 

 Sorghum for Silage 

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter 

 Durum 

 Other Spring 

Oilseeds 

 Canola 

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed 

 Mustard Seed 

 Peanuts 

 Rapeseed 

 Safflower 

 Soybeans for Beans 

 Sunflower 

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops 

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 

 Amer-Pima 

 Sugarbeets 

 Sugarcane 

 Tobacco 

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils 

 Austrian Winter Peas 

 Dry Edible Beans 

 Dry Edible Peas 

 Lentils 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas 3

Potatoes & Misc. 

 Coffee (HI) 

 Ginger Root (HI) 

 Hops 

 Peppermint Oil 

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter 

 Spring 

 Summer 

 Fall 

 Spearmint Oil 

 Sweet Potatoes 

 Taro (HI) 3

3.25 

9.48 

39.26 

5.47 

7.51 

4.36 

2.18 

1.81 

8.05 

1.72 

4.66 

34.87 

2.72 

2.84 

2.28 

2.49 

1.40 

1.06 

0.68 

3.51 

1.46 

1.36 

2.77 

1.61 

0.99 

0.97 

1.59 

57.37 

78.24 

2.46 

1.29 

1.92 

2.20 

1.29 

1.31 

39.23 

2.18 

0.10 

44.57 

24.10 

31.65 

37.21 

46.00 

0.14 

21.21 

2.98 

26.90 

32.40 

4,611,940 

332,092,180 

96,459,140 

136,353,500 

65,838,930 

70,514,560 

1,329,560 

376,820 

8,956,450 

201,020 

12,827,410 

5,629,990 

56,246,960 

41,258,460 

1,950,970 

13,037,520 

659,450 

5,977,170 

149,970 

14,440 

1,696,730 

590 

94,800 

70,357,800 

1,310,230 

4,181,810 

3,996,350 

185,460 

28,950,080 

27,974,860 

353,760 

5,760 

1,150,810 

721,350 

154,580 

24,540 

3,400 

1,270 

27,330 

3,080 

20,379,040 

112,170 

899,020 

772,560 

18,555,650 

1,080 

836,970 

1,810 

48,376,490 

119,750 

887,820 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the 

full 2008 crop year. 2

 Production may not add due to rounding. 

3

 Yield is not estimated. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 23 NASS, USDA 

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 2006-2008 

(Metric Units) 1

Production Crop 

2006 2007 2008 

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons 

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit 

 Lemons 

 Oranges 3

 Tangelos (FL) 

 Tangerines 

 Temples (FL) 3

Noncitrus 

 Apples 

 Apricots 

 Bananas (HI) 

 Grapes 

 Olives (CA) 

 Papayas (HI) 

 Peaches 

 Pears 

 Prunes, Dried (CA) 

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA) 

Nuts & Misc. 

 Almonds (CA) (shelled) 

 Hazelnuts (OR) (in-shell) 

 Pecans (in-shell) 

 Walnuts (CA) (in-shell) 

 Maple Syrup 

1,117,650 

889,040 

8,183,710 

57,150 

378,300 

29,030 

4,468,660 

40,350 

9,070 

5,785,250 

21,320 

13,020 

916,370 

763,880 

179,620 

19,500 

508,020 

39,010 

93,580 

313,890 

7,240 

1,475,990 

723,930 

6,918,190 

50,800 

327,490 

4,237,730 

80,070 

8,940 

6,105,080 

120,200 

15,150 

1,009,460 

799,180 

73,480 

10,800 

625,960 

32,660 

158,370 

290,300 

6,290 

1,403,410 

637,750 

9,187,970 

61,690 

415,490 

662,240 

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the 

full 2008 crop year, except citrus which is for the 2007-08 season. 2

 Production years are 2005-06, 2006-07, and 2007-08. 

3

 Temples included in oranges beginning with the 2006-07 season. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 24 NASS, USDA 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 25 NASS, USDA 

April Weather Summary

Despite a favorable turn toward drier weather in the eastern Corn Belt, national corn planting through May 4 (27 

percent) progressed at the slowest pace since 1995 (16 percent). Interestingly, a rapid corn planting pace is a relatively 

new phenomenon. For example, the 1974-1995 average corn planting pace by May 4 was 25 percent, while the 1996-

2007 average pace was 51 percent. The 5-year average (2003-2007) corn planting pace by May 4 was 59 percent. 

During April, wet conditions persisted or intensified in most areas from the eastern Plains to the Mississippi Valley, 

accompanied by near- to below-normal temperatures. As a result, summer crop planting and emergence significantly 

lagged the 5-year average pace from the Mid-South into the upper Midwest. In contrast, warm, mostly dry weather 

prevailed from the lower Great Lakes region into the Northeast. Drier-than-normal conditions also affected parts of the 

Deep South, particularly across Louisiana. Elsewhere, drier-than-normal weather promoted fieldwork in most areas 

from the High Plains westward. However, unusually cold weather gripped the Northwest, hampering crop development 

and threatening fruits and other temperature-sensitive crops. At the height of the cold snap, from April 19-21, frost was 

noted as far south as central California. 

Monthly temperatures averaged at least 5 degrees F below normal across much of the interior Northwest, but ranged 

from 5 to 7 degrees F above normal in parts of New York State and neighboring areas. Near-normal readings prevailed 

across the Deep South. 

April Agricultural Summary 

The Corn Belt remained mostly wet throughout the month of April, keeping the corn-planting pace well behind normal 

in nearly all producing States. In the Corn Belt, south and west of Lake Michigan; and in the northern Delta, Kentucky, 

and Tennessee; 150 to 200 percent more precipitation than usual fell in most areas; and up to 300 percent more than 

usual fell in isolated areas of Arkansas, Iowa, and Missouri. Cooler than average temperatures persisted throughout the 

month, from the middle Mississippi Valley, westward, as well as in the northern Delta. Growers had planted only 

2 percent of the Nation’s corn crop by April 13, and by month’s end, only 10 percent of the intended acreage was 

planted, 10 points behind last year’s progress and 25 points behind the normal pace. 

Nationally, as sorghum planting was yet to gain momentum in most areas, producers had seeded nearly 30 percent of 

the intended acreage by the end of the month. With most activity limited to Louisiana and Texas, intended acreage 

planted was 20 percent complete by April 6, slightly behind last year but 3 points ahead of the usual pace. Planting 

progress in the Delta and southern Great Plains, early in the month, was only ahead of last year and normal in Texas. 

Planting was limited to these areas throughout the month, as Colorado producers awaited warmer temperatures to start 

planting. By month’s end, Louisiana producers had planted 74 percent of their acreage, and Texas producers had 

planted 65 percent of their acreage, 15 and 11 points ahead of the 5-year average planting pace, respectively. However, 

planting progress was at or behind normal elsewhere, with the most notable delays in Arkansas and Missouri. 

Early in the month, with 31 percent of the expected oat acreage planted, producers were planting at the same pace as 

last year but were 4 points behind the 5-year average pace. As the month progressed, several consecutive weeks of 

rainfall and wet snow in some areas brought further planting delays to most oat-producing States. By month’s end, 

North Dakota and Pennsylvania producers were fortunate to be 6 and 18 points ahead of normal, respectively. 

However, nationally, planting was 54 percent complete, only 2 points behind last year but 14 points behind normal. 

Compared with the average pace, progress lagged nearly 40 points or more in the northern Corn Belt. Delays in oat 

emergence followed the lag in seeding. By month’s end, emergence was behind in all States that plant in the spring. 

Even though planting progress was ahead of schedule in North Dakota and Pennsylvania, crop emergence lagged 

behind normal due to cool temperatures during the month. Nationally, one third of the expected acreage had emerged 

by April 27, one point behind last year and 9 points behind normal. 

Barley producers planted 7 percent of their intended acreage by April 6, five and 2 points behind last year and normal, 

respectively. Temperatures across the northern tier of the country were cooler than average during April, especially in 

the Pacific Northwest, keeping planting progress in Idaho and Washington at a pace much slower than normal. Planting 

in Washington advanced only 2 points between April 6 and 20. By the end of the month, barley planting in Minnesota 

had fallen well behind normal due to continued wet weather. Nationwide, by April 27, producers had planted 35 

percent of the crop compared with 37 percent last year and 39 percent for the 5-year average. Planting in Idaho, 

Montana, and Washington was more than 40 percent complete but significantly lagged the pace of last year and normal. 

Emergence was delayed due to the planting delays, cooler weather in the west, and wet weather in the upper Mississippi 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 26 NASS, USDA 

Valley. Emergence of barley acreage was at 6 percent on April 27, seven and 6 points behind last year and normal, 

respectively. 

Winter wheat developed slowly during the month under cooler than normal conditions in many areas. By April 14, 

only 4 percent of the crop had headed. Compared with last year’s pace, development was lagging in all States where 

emergence had begun, including Arkansas, California, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Texas. Compared with the 

5-year average, heading lagged in all these States except in California and North Carolina, where development was 

7 and 9 points ahead of normal, respectively. By April 27, heading had not begun in the Pacific Northwest, northern 

Great Plains, and eastern Corn Belt. Nationally, 15 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage, 9 points 

behind last year and 10 points behind the 5-year average. Significant delays were evident in Arkansas, the middle 

Mississippi Valley, as well as the central and southern Great Plains. However, the crop continued to develop ahead of 

schedule in California and North Carolina. The winter wheat condition rating varied between 45 and 47 percent good 

and excellent throughout the month. 

By April 6, spring wheat planting was 1 point ahead of last year but 1 point behind average, at 5 percent complete. 

Progress in Idaho and Washington was most advanced at 19 and 35 percent, respectively. By the following week, 

planting activities were limited, as producers only increased the planting percentage 3 points from the previous week, 

with progress falling 4 points behind the 5-year average pace. By April 20, planting advanced to 20 percent, 8 points 

ahead of last year but 3 points behind normal. Activity in Idaho, Montana, South Dakota, and Washington gained 

momentum advancing 12 points or more during the week. Despite the momentum, all of the States except Montana 

remained well behind the average pace. At the end of the month, with 34 percent of the spring wheat crop planted, 

spring wheat producers were 6 points ahead of last year but 6 points behind normal. Planting was active in all States 

during the last week of April; however, in Minnesota, where the planting pace was 9 points behind last year and 

27 points behind normal, only 6 percent of the crop was planted. Following the planting delays, emergence, at 

4 percent, was delayed 2 and 8 points when compared with last year and normal, by month’s end. Emergence was 

behind normal in all States and progress was over 20 points behind the 5-year average in the Pacific Northwest and 

South Dakota. 

The rice crop was 11 percent planted, early in the month, 10 and 4 points behind last year and the usual pace, 

respectively. Major planting activity was limited to Louisiana and Texas, with progress ahead of last year’s pace and 

the 5-year average in both States. Elsewhere, the crop was at or behind the normal planting pace. Missouri, with no 

acreage planted, was 5 and 3 points behind last year and the 5-year average, respectively. Throughout the month, 

planting activity in Louisiana and Texas maintained momentum, keeping ahead of the previous year and average pace, 

while in Arkansas, planting was nearly 2 weeks behind and in Missouri, planting was nearly 3 weeks behind by the end 

of the month. The crop slowly emerged, lagging from 2 to 12 points behind normal due to the planting delays in the 

northern half of the Delta. Elsewhere, the crop emerged ahead of the 5-year average, with nationwide progress at 

20 percent by April 27. 

From the northern Great Plains eastward to the Great Lakes, temperatures were cooler than average and precipitation 

levels were higher than normal during the month, delaying soybean planting in the north. Soybean planting was most 

active in the Delta region by April 27, though still delayed, except in Louisiana. Producers in Louisiana were 

21 and 18 points ahead of last year and the 5-year average pace, respectively, while growers in Arkansas and 

Mississippi were delayed. Elsewhere, planting was either just getting underway, or had not yet begun. With nearly all 

States behind normal, progress for the Nation, at 2 percent, was 1 and 3 points behind last year and normal, 

respectively. 

Peanut planting was just underway by the end of April with 3 percent planted, in line with the pace of last year but 

1 point behind normal. In the Southeast, producers were planting 3 points ahead of last year and normal in Florida and 

1 point ahead of last year and normal in North Carolina, but were 1 to 2 points behind elsewhere in the region. In the 

southern Great Plains, peanut growers had planted 11 percent of their crop in Oklahoma, 7 points behind normal but 

had not yet begun in Texas, compared with the usual 3 percent planted by this time. Planting had also not started in 

Virginia. 

Early in the month, cotton planting was limited to Arizona, California, and Texas, where producers had planted 

between 12 and 25 percent of their intended acreage. As the month progressed, planting began in the Delta and most of 

the Southeast with nationwide progress advancing 7 points between April 6 and 20. By April 27, nineteen percent of 

the intended cotton acreage was planted, 2 points ahead of last year but 3 points behind the 5-year average. Growers in 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 27 NASS, USDA 

California had nearly completed planting, 29 points ahead of average. In the Delta, Louisiana producers remained 

ahead of normal throughout the month. By April 27, with 49 percent of their acreage planted, producers in Louisiana 

were 32 and 16 points ahead of last year and normal, respectively. Elsewhere in the Delta, delays continued in 

Arkansas and Mississippi. Planting progress in Texas, at 21 percent, was 3 points ahead of last year and even with the 

5-year average pace, but producers were still delayed in the Southeast States. 

Sugarbeet planting progressed from 2 percent planted early in the month to 34 percent planted by month’s end. 

Planting advanced slowly in Idaho, well behind the pace of last year and average by April 7, while elsewhere, planting 

had not begun. As producers in other States began planting, progress in all major States fell well behind normal by 

April 20. However, during the last week of the month, planting rapidly advanced in Idaho and Michigan. By month’s 

end, planting in Idaho was nearly complete and planting in Michigan was 85 percent complete, near normal in Idaho 

and 10 points ahead of normal in Michigan. Minnesota and North Dakota planting got underway after mid month and 

lagged behind normal. As the month continued, producers in these two States fell even farther behind, ending the 

month over 27 points behind normal. 

Crop Comments

Winter Wheat: Production is forecast at 1.78 billion bushels, up 17 percent from 2007. Based on May 1 conditions, 

the U.S. yield is forecast at 44.3 bushels per acre, 2.1 bushels above last year. Expected grain area totals 40.2 million 

acres, up 12 percent from last year. Hard Red Winter (HRW) harvested acreage is up about 6 percent from the previous 

year. Soft Red Winter (SRW) harvested acreage is estimated to be up 35 percent from last year. The portion of the 

winter wheat crop rated good to excellent on April 27, at 46 percent, was 10 percentage points below a year ago. 

HRW harvested acreage expectations in the central and southern Great Plains are above last year’s freeze and flood 

reduced levels, mainly due to Kansas and Oklahoma acreage which is expected to be up 9 percent and 29 percent, 

respectively. Texas and Colorado harvested acreage is expected to be down 11 percent, due to lower planted acreage 

and dry conditions. As of April 27, heading was behind normal in Texas and Oklahoma, and significantly behind in 

Kansas. The Nebraska wheat crop has come through the winter with minimal acreage loss with the crop condition rated 

above last year. As of April 27, Nebraska crop development was about 11 days behind last year and normal due to the 

unseasonably cool weather. Crop development in Montana is slightly behind last year with conditions rated mostly fair 

to good. After a relatively dry winter, the Colorado crop has retained most of its potential. Moisture received during 

the growing season will determine yield prospects because soil moisture supplies are currently limited in most growing 

areas. Growers in many States in the SRW area expect yields to be above last year, especially in the Southeast due 

mostly to improved moisture conditions. Harvested acreage across the SRW area is up from last year due to an increase 

in planted acres, and fewer acres being abandoned and cut for forage compared with last year when drought conditions 

and an April freeze reduced harvested area. In the Pacific Northwest, wheat condition is rated mostly fair to good with 

soil moisture in mostly adequate supply. A cold spring has significantly delayed crop development. 

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 29.3 million bushels, 

up 95 percent from the previous year. In California, heading was complete in most areas of the State as of April 27, 

with no quality or disease issues reported. 

Hay Stocks on Farms: All hay stored on farms May 1, 2008 totaled 21.6 million tons, up 44 percent from the previous 

year. Disappearance of hay from December 1, 2007- May 1, 2008 totaled 82.4 million tons, 1 percent more than the 

disappearance of 81.5 million tons for the same period a year earlier. 

Hay stocks increased from last year throughout the entire Great Plains, the Delta, most of the Southeast, and the Rocky 

Mountain States. Hay stocks increased significantly in Texas and Oklahoma where weather conditions during the 2007 

growing season nearly doubled hay production and improved pasture conditions throughout the year. 

Lower 2007 hay production in most States east of the Mississippi River, except in the Southeast, held May 1, 2008 hay 

stocks below a year ago. The largest declines occurred in Kentucky, Minnesota, Tennessee, and Wisconsin. In 

Kentucky and Tennessee where stocks are less than half of the previous year, production was down due to the April 

2007 freeze and dry summer weather, so some producers resorted to hauling hay in from other States. Wisconsin’s 

May 1 hay stocks are at a record low level while Tennessee recorded the lowest May 1 hay stock level since 1962. 

Almonds: The 2008 California almond production is forecast at 1.46 billion pounds, shelled basis, up 6 percent from 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 28 NASS, USDA 

the revised 2007 crop. Bearing acreage, at 660,000 acres, increased 7 percent from the previous year’s acreage. The 

average yield is forecast at 2,210 pounds per acre, down 30 pounds per acre from last year’s record high revised yield 

and the second highest on record since 1909. Almond set looks very strong. Bloom started earlier than normal this 

year and lasted only 10 days, compared to the average of three weeks. However, there was overlapping bloom among 

varieties and an adequate supply of bees, resulting in excellent pollination. 

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 2.51 million pounds for March 2008, down 7 percent from 

February but 7 percent higher than the comparable month a year ago. Total area in crop for March is estimated at 

2,020 acres, down 1 percent from February and 3 percent lower than March 2007. Harvested area totaled 1,425 acres, 

down slightly from the previous month but 10 percent higher than March 2007. March weather was mostly sunny and 

dry with the exception of a few heavy showers. Conditions were beneficial for fruit development and ripening. 

Growers made efforts to control aphids in order to limit the spread of papaya ringspot virus. 

Hawaii’s revised 2007 annual papaya utilization is 33.4 million pounds, up slightly from the preliminary estimate and 

16 percent higher than last year’s utilized production. Harvested area, at 1,310 acres, is 14 percent lower than 2006. 

Acres were down due to the clearing of damaged orchards from the previous year’s excessive rains. However, higher 

yields more than made up for the fewer acres harvested. 

Peaches: California Peaches: The California 2008 peach crop is forecast at 830,000 tons, down 11 percent from 2007 

but 17 percent above two years ago. 

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 430,000 tons, equal to last year’s estimated production but 22 percent above 

the 2006 crop. California experienced an adequate number of chilling hours, which benefited the Freestone crop. 

Weather during the bloom period was very accommodating, although cooler spring temperatures have slowed maturity. 

The crop is reported to be of excellent quality, with good sizes. April Snow and Snow Angel harvest began in 

mid-April. 

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 400,000 tons, down 20 percent from last year but 11 percent above the 

2006 crop. Weather during the bloom period was favorable, however the crop suffered extensive frost damage in April. 

Growers are still assessing crop damage. Fruit in the northern growing areas was most impacted by frost, while fruit in 

the Modesto area suffered moderate damage, and fruit in southern areas was not affected. 

Bananas: Hawaii banana production for 2007 is estimated at 19.7 million pounds, down 6 percent from the initial 

forecast and 2 percent lower than last year. Statewide, bananas were harvested from 870 acres, 130 fewer acres than 

2006. Weather conditions during 2007 were mixed for banana orchards. The crop received adequate moisture from a 

combination of rainfall and irrigation. Orchard maintenance and monitoring for banana bunchy top virus were ongoing. 

Guavas: Utilized production in Hawaii for 2007 is estimated at 1.40 million pounds, 81 percent lower than utilized 

production in 2006. Harvested area totaled 85 acres, 280 acres below the area harvested in 2006. Yield (based on 

utilized production) averaged 16,500 pounds per acre, compared with 20,300 pounds in 2006. The decrease in 

production and harvested area was due to the closing of a major processing plant in February of 2007. 

Taro: Hawaii taro production for the 2007 crop year is estimated at 4.00 million pounds, down 11 percent from the 

previous year and a new record low since estimates began in 1946. Area in crop, at 370 acres, was down 10 acres from 

2006. Taro fields received heavy winter rains and flooding in 2006 and inadequate moisture in 2007. These mixed 

weather conditions, along with pest and disease pressures, adversely affected yield. 

Grapefruit: The forecast of the 2007-08 U.S. grapefruit crop is 1.55 million tons, up 5 percent from the April 1 

forecast but 5 percent lower than the previous season. Florida's grapefruit production is forecast at 26.3 million boxes 

(1.12 million tons), up 7 percent from the April forecast but 3 percent below last season. The all white grapefruit 

forecast is 9.00 million boxes (383,000 tons), an increase of 20 percent from April’s forecast but 3 percent below last 

season’s final utilization. Florida’s colored grapefruit forecast, at 17.3 million boxes (735,000 tons), is up 2 percent 

from the April forecast but 3 percent below the 2006-07 final utilization. The row count survey indicated that 

94 percent of the rows observed this month were harvested and the majority of grapefruit left to be harvested were in 

the Indian River production area. Grapefruit harvest is expected to be complete by mid-May. Arizona, California, and 

Texas forecasts are carried forward from April. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 29 NASS, USDA 

Tangerines: The U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at 458,000 tons, up 6 percent from the April forecast and 27 percent 

higher than the final utilization in 2006-07. Florida's tangerine crop is forecast at 5.30 million boxes (252,000 tons), an 

increase of 10 percent from April’s forecast and 15 percent higher than the 2006-07 utilization of 4.60 million boxes. 

Harvest of early tangerines is final at 2.60 million boxes and the later maturing Honey tangerine forecast increased from 

2.20 million boxes to 2.70 million boxes. For the first time on record, there are as many tangerines going for fresh as 

processed. This is primarily due to the small fruit sizes. Arizona and California forecasts are carried forward from 

April. 

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 1.50 million boxes (68,000 tons), unchanged from the April 1 forecast but 

20 percent above the 2006-07 final utilized production. Nearly all fruit picked were processed and the final week of 

utilization was the first week in April. 

Florida Citrus: Temperatures throughout the month were average, reaching the lower to mid-80s on most afternoons. 

No significant rainfall was reported after the first week of April. Trees were beginning to show slight afternoon wilt 

during the heat of the day, prompting growers to irrigate heavily. 

The bloom period finished during the first two weeks of the month and the new fruit for next season formed quickly on 

the trees. Grove maintenance included spraying, mowing, hedging and topping, brush removal, and resetting. Many 

growers were still pushing trees with greening, while some were treating the trees prophylactically. 

Valencia harvest was about half way through by the end of April. The clear weather allowed harvesting crews to work 

long days, keeping weekly utilization at six million boxes per week. Grapefruit harvest was around one million boxes 

per week. Processing plants began closing and the availability of grapefruit decreased rapidly towards the end of April. 

Honey tangerines, which are typically harvested for fresh market, were being used more for processing. 

California Citrus: Citrus fruits, including mandarins, Minneola tangelos, grapefruit, lemons, pummelos, and navel 

and Valencia oranges, were harvested. Field juicing of navels was underway for fruit not suitable for fresh market. 

Valencia maturity tests were good. Navel oranges were showing more rind breakdown and puff. Citrus trees were 

blooming in the Central Valley. Many growers were irrigating their groves. Treatments for fungus, insects, and weeds 

were also underway. In isolated areas, citrus growers took measures to avoid frost damage to their groves. 

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Fruit and nut growers irrigated due to the continued dry spring. Grapes were 

pushing out and vines were leafing. Grape growers were tying vines and applying pesticides. In some areas, grape 

growers were assessing frost damage due to an unseasonably cold mid-April. Growers used water and wind machines 

to help curtail damage, but these were not enough in some locations. Damage reports were also received for apples, 

cherries, nectarines, pears, peaches, plums, and prunes. Losses in the northern areas of the State were the most 

significant. Pears appeared to be the hardest hit. Stone fruits were sizing normally, though a lighter fruit set was 

observed in some locations. Many stone fruit orchards were being thinned. Apple, cherry, pear, pomegranate, jujube, 

and prune trees were still blooming in some areas. New orchards were being planted. Spring strawberries, 

boysenberries, and blueberries were blooming. Picking was underway in some strawberry fields. Olive buds were 

forming and bloom had already begun in some areas. Almond groves throughout California were in excellent 

condition. The crop was developing well with nutlets growing rapidly. Disease pressure remained low given the lack 

of rainfall. Late variety walnuts were still blooming and pushing out new leaves. Blight treatments in walnuts were 

underway. Walnuts in some areas were damaged due to below freezing temperatures that occurred mid-month. 

Pistachios were blooming and bunches were already seen on some trees. 

Spring Potatoes: Spring production for 2008 is forecast at 19.6 million cwt, down 2 percent from the April forecast 

and 1 percent below 2007. Area for harvest is forecast at 67,700 acres, up 1 percent from the previous forecast but 

4 percent lower than last year. The average yield is forecast at 289 cwt per acre, 8 cwt below the April 1 forecast but 

7 cwt higher than 2007. 

Florida’s production is forecast at 8.04 million cwt, 1 percent lower than the previous forecast. Florida’s winter 

potatoes were combined with spring potatoes in 2007. Light rainfall and low disease pressure kept crop development 

on schedule. California spring potato production is forecast at 6.01 million cwt, up 9 percent from the April 1 forecast. 

Most growers reported a healthy crop and are expecting excellent yields. North Carolina’s spring potato crop is 

forecast at 2.80 million cwt, unchanged from the previous forecast. Crop condition was rated 94 percent good to 

excellent with topsoil moisture at 99 percent adequate to surplus. Production in Texas is forecast at 1.68 million cwt, 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 30 NASS, USDA 

down 32 percent from the April 1 forecast. Spring potatoes are planted in the southern region of Texas, which 

experienced dry conditions. Arizona growers expect production to total 1.05 million cwt, unchanged from the previous 

forecast. 

Tobacco: Revised U.S. tobacco production for 2007 totaled 780 million pounds, up slightly from the January 

preliminary estimate and 7 percent above 2006. Harvested area is estimated at 356,000 acres, unchanged from the 

January preliminary estimate but up 5 percent from the previous year’s estimate. Yield per acre averaged 

2,191 pounds, up 4 pounds from the January preliminary estimate and 45 pounds above 2006. 

Flue-cured production totaled 504 million pounds, fractionally above the January preliminary estimate. This is 

13 percent greater than the 2006 estimate when 447 million pounds were produced. Growers harvested 223,000 acres, 

up 5 percent from the previous year. Flue-cured yields averaged 2,259 pounds, up 161 pounds from 2006. North 

Carolina, the leading producer of flue-cured tobacco, produced 377 million pounds, approximately 75 percent of all 

flue-cured production. 

Burley production, which accounted for 99 percent of all light air-cured tobacco, totaled 207 million pounds. This is up 

less than 1 percent from the January preliminary estimate but 5 percent below 2006. Producers of burley tobacco 

harvested 106,300 acres in 2007, up 3 percent from the previous year. Yields averaged 1,951 pounds per acre, 

144 pounds less than 2006. Kentucky, the leading producer of burley tobacco, produced 154 million pounds, 

approximately 74 percent of all burley grown in the United States. 

Total revised fire-cured production is estimated at 41.7 million pounds, virtually unchanged from the January 

preliminary estimate but 6 percent above the previous year. Growers harvested 14,600 acres, up 23 percent from 2006. 

Fire-cured yields averaged 2,855 pounds per acre, down 469 pounds from the previous year. 

Revised dark air-cured production totaled 13.5 million pounds, unchanged from the January preliminary estimate but 

2 percent above the previous year. Growers harvested 4,980 acres in 2007, up 16 percent from 2006. Yield per acre 

averaged 2,706 pounds, down 353 pounds from the previous year. Kentucky, the leading producer of dark air-cured 

tobacco, produced 11.8 million pounds in 2007, accounting for approximately 87 percent of the dark air-cured tobacco 

grown in the United States. 

Production of cigar type tobacco, which includes filler, binder, and wrapper, is estimated at 11.3 million pounds, up 

2 percent from the January preliminary estimate and 36 percent above the previous year. Growers harvested 

6,020 acres in 2007, up 22 percent from 2006. The average yield was 1,873 pounds per acre, 203 pounds above last 

year. 

Cotton: All cotton production for 2007 is estimated at 19.2 million 480-pound bales, down 11 percent from the 

previous year’s production. The U.S. all cotton yield averaged 879 pounds per acre, up 65 pounds from 2006. Upland 

cotton production is estimated at 18.4 million 480-pound bales, down 12 percent from the previous season. The U.S. 

yield for upland cotton is estimated at 864 pounds per acre, up 58 pounds from last year’s yield. The yield is the highest 

on record, surpassing the previous record high of 843 pounds per acre set in 2004. Harvested area, at 10.2 million 

acres, is down 18 percent from the previous year. 

The 2007 area planted to all cotton totaled 10.8 million acres, down 29 percent from 2006. Harvested acreage at 

10.5 million acres is down 18 percent from the previous year. 

In the Southeast States (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia), producers battled 

extreme drought conditions during the early summer. By late June, planting was complete in the region. Drought 

conditions continued to plague producers throughout the fall causing the crop to develop ahead of normal in most areas. 

By the end of September, harvest was ahead of normal throughout the region except in Georgia, where harvest lagged 

behind throughout the season. Harvest was complete in the region by early December. Objective yield measurements 

in Georgia show boll counts to be the third highest in the last 5 years. 

Upland growers in the Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) finished planting in 

late May. The cotton crop in the Delta States matured rapidly during the late summer and early fall due to the continual 

hot, dry weather. In September, harvest got underway but by the middle of the month, Louisiana and Mississippi 

producers were hit with several weeks of rainy weather which delayed harvest. In Missouri and Tennessee, favorable 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 31 NASS, USDA 

fall weather and an advanced crop allowed harvest to be completed by the middle of November, well ahead of normal. 

The objective yield data show Louisiana and Arkansas boll counts to be the highest on record. In Louisiana, producers 

had a record high yield, surpassing the previous record set in 2003. In Mississippi, boll counts and boll weights are 

slightly lower than the 5-year average. 

Southwest (Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas) producers battled wet, cool conditions which delayed planting 

of upland cotton. The later planted crop and the abnormally wet, cool summer caused crop development to lag behind 

normal. During the early fall months, hot weather and timely rains helped promote crop development in the region. By 

mid-September, after a delay from the excessive rains during the summer, harvest was finally in full swing in South 

Texas. In the High Plains of Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas, harvest got underway in October where ideal weather 

allowed harvest to advance rapidly. A record high yield was recorded by Oklahoma producers, surpassing the previous 

record set in 2004. Data from the objective yield survey shows Texas bolls per acre to be the highest on record and boll 

weights to be second heaviest on record. The yield in Texas is estimated at 843 pounds per acre, surpassing the 

previous record set in 2005. 

California and Arizona upland producers completed planting by early June. Ideal weather throughout the summer and 

fall months allowed the crop to develop ahead of normal. In Arizona, harvest got underway by the first of the 

September, slightly ahead of normal. In the San Joaquin Valley, harvest was in full swing by the middle of October. 

By the end of November, harvest was complete in California. Data from the objective yield survey show California 

boll weights to be heaviest on record. California’s yield is estimated at a record high 1,608 pounds, surpassing the 

previous record set in 2004. 

American-Pima producers planted 292,200 acres in 2007, down 10 percent from the previous year. Harvested area, at 

288,100 acres, is down 1l percent from 2006. Production is estimated at a record high 851,800 bales (480-pound), up 

11 percent from the previous season. The U.S. yield is estimated at 1,419 pounds per acre, up 283 pounds from 2006. 

California producers harvested a record high production of 793,000 bales with a yield of 1,481 pounds, the second 

highest yield on record. The crop progressed normally throughout the summer and fall with excellent cotton growing 

weather. Harvest was complete by the end of November. 

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 2007 totaled 6.59 million tons, down 10 percent from last year. Sales to oil 

mills accounted for 55 percent of the disposition. The remaining 45 percent will be used for seed, feed, exports, and 

various other uses.
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 32 NASS, USDA 

Reliability of May 1 Crop Production Forecast

Wheat Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 22 and 

May 6 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three 

States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful counts. Farm 

operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate 

two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the 

crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to 

predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with similar data from previous years 

to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots 

are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and weighed. After the farm 

operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting loss. 

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 15,800 producers representing all major production 

areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable winter 

wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the 

growing season to provide indications of average yields. 

Orange Survey Procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the May 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, 

which accounts for nearly 75 percent of the U.S. production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start of 

the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on 

administrative data or special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is 

determined. In September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are 

conducted, which combined with the previous components are used to develop the current forecast of production. 

Arizona, California, and Texas conduct grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, 

and July. California also conducts objective measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March 

for Valencia oranges. 

Wheat Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed 

for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering 

weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office 

submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the 

survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.

Orange Estimating Procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for 

errors, reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. The Florida Field Office submits its analyses of 

the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the Florida survey data and their 

analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecast. The May 1 orange production forecasts for Arizona, California, 

and Texas are carried forward from April. 

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each 

month throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the 

wheat marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, 

feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data 

warrant changes. End-of-season orange estimates will be published in the Citrus Fruits Summary released in 

September. The orange production estimates are based on all data available at the end of the marketing season, 

including information from marketing orders, shipments, and processor records. Allowances are made for 

recorded local utilization and home use. 

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square 

Error," a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the May 1 

production forecast and the final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the 

squared percentage deviations for the latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes 

statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences 

in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's 

forecast are not different from those influencing recent years. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 33 NASS, USDA 

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 6.8 percent. This means that 

chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast will not be above or below the final estimate by more 

than 6.8 percent. Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 

11.8 percent. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the 

past 20 years have averaged 88 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 285 million bushels. The May 1 

forecast has been below the final estimate 8 times and above 12 times. This does not imply that the June 1 winter 

wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. 

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 orange production forecast is 1.6 percent. However, if you exclude 

the 5 abnormal production seasons (3 freeze seasons and 2 hurricane seasons), the "Root Mean Square Error" is 

1.5 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above 

or below the final estimates by more than 1.6 percent, or 1.5 percent, excluding abnormal seasons. Chances are 

9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.8 percent, or 2.6 percent, excluding 

abnormal seasons. 

Changes between the May 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 

139,000 tons (157,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 5,000 tons to 369,000 tons when 

including or excluding abnormal seasons. The May 1 forecast for oranges has been equally above and below the 

final estimate 10 times (below 7 times and above 8 times, excluding abnormal seasons). This does not imply that 

the May 1 forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production. 
 

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board 

May 2008 34 NASS, USDA 

Information Contacts 

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to 

contact for additional information. 

Jeff Geuder, Chief ...........................................................................................................(202) 720-2127 

 Field Crops Section 

 Greg Thessen, Head .............................................................................(202) 720-2127 

 Shiela Corley - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings .............................................(202) 720-5944 

 Todd Ballard - Wheat, Rye ...................................................................(202) 720-8068 

 Ty Kalaus - Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed ............................................(202) 720-9526 

 Anthony Prillaman - Peanuts, Rice ......................................................(202) 720-7688 

 Travis Thorson - Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds ......................(202) 720-7369 

 Don Gephart - Hay, Oats, Sorghum .....................................................(202) 690-3234 

 Dawn Keen - Crop Weather, Barley, Sugar Crops ...............................(202) 720-7621 

 Fruits, Vegetables & Special Crops Section 

 Lance Honig, Head ...............................................................................(202) 720-2127 

 Leslie Colburn - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco ....................(202) 720-7235 

 Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, 

 Strawberries ..............................................................(202) 720-2157 

 Faye Propsom - Citrus, Tropical Fruits ................................................(202) 720-4285 

 Doug Marousek - Floriculture, Nursery, Tree Nuts .............................(202) 720-4215 

 Dan Norris - Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, 

 Mint, Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, 

 Wrinkled Seed Peas ..................................................(202) 720-3250 

 Mike Jacobsen - Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Cranberries, 

 Plums, Prunes ............................................................(202) 720-4288 

 Kim Ritchie - Hops ..............................................................................(360) 902-1940 

 Faye Propsom - Dry Beans, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes .........................(202) 720-4285 
 

 

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