Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type.
State, and United States, 1991-92

: Production in >: Lint- : Lint- : Bales Ginned in
Type : 480-1b Net Weight : Seed : Seed 2/ : 480-1b Net Weight
53%, : Bales 1/ : Ratio : Ratio : Bales 3/
Co ee ee eee
1991 1992 4/ 1991 1992: = 1991 1992
--- 1,000 Bales ---- wren eee Bales -------
Upland
AL 553.0 621.0 563.100 619.450
AZ 898.0 725.0 862,300 687,300
AR 1,576.0 1,681.0 1,557,200 1,673,950
CA 2,548.0 2,817.0 2,581,700 2,853,800
FL 5/ 73.4 72.3 80,400
722.0 744.0 724,650 749,000
KS 5/6/ 1:3 0.2
1414.0 1,299.0 1,441,400 1,319,500
MS 2,275.0 2,131.0 2,270,800 2,122,650
MO 429.0 541.0 418,950 535,200
NM 63.0 47.5 4,600 42,850
NC 640.0 468.0 648,400 472,600
OK 240.0 210.0 237,950 208,850
$¢ 344.0 226.0 338,550 217,500
TMN 701.0 834.0 699,950 826,000
-710.0 3,265.0 4,714,900 3,260,300
VA 5/ 28.2 28.2 24,650
US : 17,215.9 15,710.2 17,205,600 15,694,000
Amer-Pima :
AZ : 184.5 138.0 183,950 137,900
CA : 146.2 293.7 146,150 293,600
MS 5/ : 0.7 0.4 350
NM : 19.0 19.7 12,300 13,250
TX : 48.0 56.5 53,700 63,150
Oth Sts 5/: 950
: 398.4 508.3 397,050 509,200
§53.0 621.0 563,100 619,450
1,082.5 863.0 0.389 0.386 1,046,250 825,200
1,576.0 1,681.0 0.367 0.368 1,557,200 1,673,950
2,694.2 3,110.7 0.381 0.384 2,727,850 3,147,400
73.4 72.3 80.400
722.0 744-9 724,650 749,000
1,414.0 1,299.0 0.392 0.391 1,441,400 1,319,500
2,275.7 2,131.4 0.382 0.381 2,270,800 2,123,000
429.0 541.0 418,950 535,200
82.0 67.2 66,900 56,100
640.0 468.0 648,400 472,600
240.0 210.0 237,950 208,850
344.0 226.0 338,550 217,500
701.0 834.0 699,950 826,000
758.0 3,321.5 0.379 0.377 4,768,600 3,323,450
28.2 28.2 24,650
950
17, 16,218.5 17,602,650 16,203,200

/ Production ginned_and to be ginned. Includes small amounts of

erican-Pima in AR, FL, GA, TN in 1991 and AL, AR, FL in 1992. 2/ Estimates
available only for six states shown. Three-year average. 3/ Equivalent
480-1b net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement.
4/ 1992 revised. 5/ Bales withheld in 1991 to avoid disclosure of individual
Qins, but are included in U.S. totals. 6/ No gins operated in 1992 crop year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-20 NASS, USDA


Index

Page

Table Narrative

Almonds .. 2... . cece ee eee ete e eee nee A-12 B- 6
AVOCADOS 2... eee ce cece eee n ene e eens A-12 B- 6
Bananas 2.0... eee ee eee ects A-13

Cherries 2.0... ccc cece cece cece eee e tenet e eee A-12 B- 6
Citrus Fruit 20... 2. eee cece eee eee A-10 B- 4
COLTON Lo cee tee eet ee eens A-19 B- 7
Cottonseed 2.0... . eee cee eee eee eee A-22 B- 8
Crop Moisture Maps ......... 0... cece eee eee B- 1
Crop Summary ....... cece ccc tee eee ee eee A-3

Farm Marketings - Cotton and Tobacco ................ A-26

Hay StockS 20... .. cece cece eee cette eee e eee eee A-8 B- 4
PapayaS 20... c cece cece teen eeeeeteee eens A-13 B- 7
Pasture and Range Feed Condition Table .............. A- 9 B- 4
Potatoes, Spring ......... cece cece e cece cence eens A-11 B- 6
Reliability Statement ............ cc cece cece e cere eee B- 9
Tar occ c cece eee ee eee eee eee eet tect e eee en ees A-13

Tobacco by Class and Type .............0---0. 02 eee eee A-14 B- 7
Tobacco by States 2.2... cee eee eee A-18 B- 7
Wheat, by ClasS 2.12... ccc ec eee eee A- 7

Wheat, Winter 2.0... ... cece cece ce cee eee eee ee A- 5

Wheat, Durum ........ 2. . cece eee eee eee eee eee A- 7 B- 4
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-11 NASS, USDA



Tobacco:

Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class,

Type, State, and United States, 1991-1992 1/

Class 1, Flue-cured
Type 11, Old and
Middle: Belts
NC
VA

US
Type 12, Eastern NC
Belt

NC
Type 13, NC Border &
SC Belt

NC
SC

US
Type 14, GA-FL Belt
L
GA
US
Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured
Type 21, VA Belt

‘A
Type 22, Eastern
District

TMN

US
Type 23, Western
District
KY
TMN
US
Total 21-23
Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3a, Light

Air-cured
Typ6 31, Burley

Type 32, Southern MD
Belt.

MD
PA 2s

US
Total 31-32

: 104,000

39,000

143,000

129,000

33,000
51,000
84,000

6,600
40,000
46,600

: 402/600

2,500

3,250
6,600
9,850

3,670
16,020

Area Harvested

98,000
37,000
135,000

129,000

34,000
52,000
86.000

7,500
44,000
51,500

401,500

1,700

3,200
7,000
10,200

3,500
560
4,060
15,960

n

NYMYNY MMP VNON

NNN

ren

MEME RNNYND

+350
247

320

058
265

Yield

Production

-- Pounds -- - 1,000 Pounds --
2.195 236,600 215,110
2,205 88,140 81,585
2,198 324,740 296,695
2,345 302,505 302,505
2,175 77,550 73,950
2,160 111,180 112,320
2,166 188,730 186,270
2,610 15,312 19,575
2,295 80,600 100,980
2,341 95,912 120,555
2,257 911,887 906.025
1,510 3,563 2,567
2.430 6,760 7,776
2,280 13,860 15,960
2,327 20,620 23,736
2,620 7,560 9,170
2,350 1,144 1,316
2,583 8,704 10,486
2,305 32,887 36,789

See footnotes at end of table.

Crop Production
May 1993

2,100 18,920 18,900
2,225 457,950 498,400
1,940 6,825 3,298
1.990 18,000 18,308
2,100 22,776 21,840
2,000 105,300 128,000
2,210 24,990 27,183
1,725 3,420 3,623
2,163 658,181 719,552
1,230 12,900 11,931
1,800 7,030 6,840
1,390 19,930 18,771
2,133 678,111 738,323

--continued

Agricultural Statistics Board
NASS, USDA


Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted cotton objective yield
surveys in 6 States which accounted for 76 percent of the 1992 U.S. Upland
cotton production. Plots were randomly selected from a scientific sample of
cotton fields. Two sample plots per field were visited monthly from about
August 1 through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. The
"large bolls" are total bolls counted from August through harvest. This count
includes only bolls greater than one inch in diameter and burrs.

Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss
by State, 1983-1992

Arizona Arkansas

Year : : Harvest : : Harvest
Large Bolis’ : Loss : Large Bolls’ : Loss

i : Per Acre : iV : Per Acre

Number Pounds Number Pounds
1983 : 1,215 115 546 109

1984 2/:
1985 : 1,275 113 637 94
1986: 1,249 120 587 126
1987 : 1,293 179 603 77
1988: 1,176 108 717 63
1989: 1,232 102 578 57
1990: 1,162 135 669 74
1991 : 1,083 gl 782 89
1992): 1,013 107 817 73
. California Louisiana
1983: 723 105 530 59
1984 2/:

1985: 847 145 595 65
1986: 807 113 705 77
1987: 821 128 719 89
1988: 797 137 710 73
1989: 802 125 708 83
1990 : 843 131 888 78
1991: 814 110 770 68
1992: 819 116 875 60

1/ Total large bolls in 40 feet of row.
2/ > Program temporarily suspended.
--continued

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-24 NASS, USDA



Winter Wheat:

1993

Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State
and United States, 1991-92 and Forecasted May 1

Production

1991 =: «1992

1992 1993

- 1,000 Acres -
AL : 95 100
AZ : 44 40
AR : 850 1,000
CA : 550 550
co : 2,300 2,450
DE : 70 60
FL : 20 30
GA : 350 340
ID : 800 850
IL : 1,150 1,550
IN 2 450 630
IA : 40 50
Ks : 10.700 11,200
KY : 420 500
LA : 170 110
MD : 220 195
MI : 630 570
MN t 45 40
MS : 250 210
MO : 1,350 1,350
MT 2,100 2,500
NE : 1,850 2,050
NV : 5 4
NJ : 28 31
NM : 330 290
NY : 110 90
NC : 555 560
NO : 170 135
OH : 1,115 1,050
OK >: 5,900 5,800
OR : 825 855
PA : 185 165
sc : 275 270
SO : 1,200 1,400
TMN : 280 350
TX : 3,800 3,900
UT : 130 150
VA : 265 255
WA : 2,000 2,300
Ww : 11 12
WI : 45 110
WY : 210 205
US 41,893 44,307

Crop Production
May 1993

1992 1993
--- Bushels --
44.0 42.0
90.0 94.0
46.0 43.0
75.0 80.0
30.0 36.0
58.0 54.0
42.0 37.0
46.0 38.0
65.0 67.0
54.0 55.0
50.0 55.0
39.0 45.0
34.0 38.0
55.0 50.0
36.0 30.0
58.0 51.0
56.0 54.0
42.0 40.0
42.0 38.0
48.0 43.0
29.0 36.0
30.0 37.0
85.0 86.0
50.0 48.0
34.0 25.0
56.0 48.0
50.0 44.0
35.0 35.0
53.0 56.0
29.0 31.0
52.0 59.0
55.0 50.0
47.0 40.0
28.0 35.0
48.0 41.0
34.0 32.0
40.0 44.0
57.0 53.0
51.0 56.0
49.0 45.0
40.0 51.0
25.0 29.0
38.3 40.8

A-5

2,750 4,
3.045 3.
20,460 39,
32,800 41,
71,300 69,
3,551 4,
575
14,025 16,
49,000 52
44,800 62,
28,800 22,
1.700 1,
363.000 363
10,800 23,
3,800 6.
9.750 12,
24,080 35,
1,980 1,
4,500 10,
48.000 64,
72,000 60,
67,200 55,
360
1,196 1
8.000 = 11,
5.390 6,
19,200 27,
2.970 5
52,920 59,
140,000 171,
41,600 42,
7.700 10
8.525 12,
45.500 33
7.680 13,
84.000 129,
4,680 5,
12,250 15,
40.600 102,
450
5,880 1,
5,800 5,

180
960
100
250
000
060
840
100

000

100
500
560

800

100
120
760
280
890
500
800
900
500
425

400

220
160
750

950

095
100
900

175

925

600

440
200
200
105
600
539
800
250

425,600
25,000
3,300
9,945
30,780
1,600
7,980
58,050
90.000
75,850
344
1,488
7,250
4,320
24,640
4,725
58,800
179,800
50,445
8,250
10,800
49.000
14,350
124,800
6,600
13,515
128, 800
540
5,610
5,945

1,372,617 1,606,534 1,807,657

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS. USDA


Reliability of May 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted
between April 22 and May 3 to gather information on
expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three
States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally matured
enough to make meaningful counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update
previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate
two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields across the three States. The
counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop’s maturity. In
early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number
of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be
harvested. A 5-year historical head weight is used until the crop matures to
the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of
heads times the weight of the heads in a sampte plot can then be expanded to an
estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted
to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop
reaches maturity and or harvested on the final visit.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 10,000 winter wheat
Producers representing all major production areas. These producers were
selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the probable
winter wheat yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed
throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the
season progresses.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower
reported indications were reviewed for reasonableness
and consistency with historical estimates. The indications were also reviewed
considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous years.
Each State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation
to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey
indications and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts.

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a

new forecast will be made each month throughout the growing
season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the
marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks,
Production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then
made if data relationships warrant changes.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 winter
wheat production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error,“ a
statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by
expressing the deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the final
estimate as a percentage of the final estimate, and averaging the squared
percentage deviations for the 1973-1992 20-year period; the square root of the
average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error.” Probability
statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast
relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting
this year’s forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-9 NASS, USDA



Cotton: Price and Value of Production by Type,
State, and United States, 1991-92

rice per : Value of
Pound : Production
1992 If: 1991 : 1992 1/
Dollars -------- ------ 1,000 Dollars -----
AL 0.566 0.557 150,239 166,031
AZ 0.604 0.541 260,348 188,268
AR 0.571 0.553 431,950 446,205
CA 0.666 0.605 814,545 818,057
FL 0.554 0.561 19,519 19,469
GA 0.600 0.556 207,936 198,559
KS 0.530 0.500 331 48
LA 0.531 0.515 360,400 321,113
MS 0.552 0.509 602.784 520.646
MO 0.604 0.526 124,376 136,592
NM 0.547 0.587 16,541 13,384
NC 0.593 0.574 182,170 128,943
OK 0.490 0.464 56.448 46,771
Sc 0.604 0.563 99,732 61.074
TN 0.539 0.526 181,363 210,568
1X 0.536 0.491 1,211,789 769,495
VA 0.593 0.553 8,027 7,485
US 0.568 0.535 4,728,498 4,052,708
Amer-Pima
AZ 0.976 0.810 86,435 53,654
CA 0.962 0.802 67,509 113, 063
MS 0.750 0.650 252 125
NM 0.975 0.846 8,892 8.000
TM 0.940 0.752 21,658 20,394
us 0.970 0.800 184,746 195,236
All
AL 0.566 0.557 150,239 166,031
Az 0.667 0.584 346,783 241,922
AR 0.571 0.553 431,950 446,205
CA 0.682 0.624 882,054 931,120
FL 0.554 0.561 19,519 19,469
GA 0.600 0.556 207,936 198,559
KS 0.530 0.500 331 48
LA 0.531 0.515 360,400 321,113
MS 0.552 0.509 603.036 520,771
MO 0.604 0.526 124,376 136,592
NM 0.646 0.663 25.443 21,384
NC 0.593 0.574 182,170 128,943
Ok 0.490 0.464 56.448 46.771
Sc 0.604 0.563 99,732 61,074
TM 0.539 0.526 181,363 210,568
TX 0.540 0.495 1,233,447 789,889
VA 0.593 0.553 8,027 7,485
US 0.581 0.546 4,913,244 4,247,944
d/ Average to April 1, 1993.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1993 A-al NASS, USDA



CROP MOISTURE
(SHORT TERM, CROP NEED VS. AVAILABLE WATER IN 5-FT. SOIL PROFILE)
May 1, 1993
SLIGHTLY ‘ABNORMALLY
oe a PAVORABLY MoIsT
MOIST wr
( arty
FAVORABLY amoenaly
FAVORABLY ast
“omctaahes
baw) PAVORABLY
suGHTLy mous
sucHTLy PAVORABLY
pay MOUT
C= wae
FAVORABLY sucuny
AsnonseaLLYS, DR)
rm |
ABNORMALLY FAVORABLY
MouT MOIST
NOAAAISDA JONT AGRICULTURAL WEATHER FACILITY _ Based on praninary reports

Crop Moisture

Depicts short term (up to about 4 weeks) abnormal dryness or wetness affecting
Agriculture, responds rapidly, can change considerably week to week, and
indicates normal conditions at the beginning and end of the growing season.

Uses...applicable in measuring the short term, week-to-week, status of dryness
or wetness affecting warm season crops and field operations.

Limitations...may not be applicable to germination and shallow rooted crops
which are unable to extract the deep or subsoil moisture from a 5-foot profile,
or for cool season crops growing when temperatures are averaging below about 55
degrees fahrenheit. It is not generally indicative of the long term (months,
years) drought or wet spells which are depicted by the drought severity index.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-1 NASS, USDA



Cottonseed:

Price, Value of Production, and Value of Sales
to Oil Mills, by State and United States, 1991-92 1/

Value of Sales
to Oi] Mills

50
06
50
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
50
00
00
00

State
1991
~--- Dollars ----
AL : 61.00 82.
AZ : 82.00 107.
AR : 59.50 81.
CA : 104.00 120.
FL : 53.50 91.
GA : 55.50 89.
KS : 70.00 100.
LA > 64.00 84.
MS : 60.00 82.
MO : 60.00 86.
NM : 88.00 125.
NC : 53.00 92.
OK : 68.50 104,
sc : 53.50 89.
TN > 62.50 86.
1X > 70.50 107.
VA : 53.00 92.
US 71.00 97

Value of
Production

1

992

-- 1,000 Dollars -

ll,
33,
42,
ll.

1

33,
$2,
10,

2

956
538
721
592

498
14,

430

35
408
560
260

728
12,
6.
6,
17,
134,

137
919
474
313
162
530

18

35,

53

137,
2,
23,

40,
68,
18,
3,
15,
8,
7.
28,
144,

480
845
220
760
275
229

10
656
388
662
125
732
840
160
552
022
920

6,527
19,434
38,199
19,032

1,070

2,165

14
26,560
48.540

9,480

1,144

2,703

5,960

2.354
16,438

112,730
0

312,350

1992

--- 1,000 Dollars --

6.
17,
45,
20,

5.
27,

63.
17,

023
227
722
880
0
874
10
720
632
544
13

244
1320
1475
1456
1844

1/ 1991 crop revised, 1992 crop preliminary.

Crop Production
May 1993

Agricultural Statistics Board
NASS, USDA



The “Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is
6.7 percent. This means that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current
production forecast of 1.81 billion bushels will not be above or below the
final estimate by more than 6.7 percent or approximately 121 million bushels.
Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will
not exceed 11.6 percent or approximately 210 million bushels. Differences
between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate
during the past 10 years have averaged 70 million bushels, ranging from

11 million to 147 million bushels. The May 1 forecast has been below the final
estimate 4 times and above 6 times. This does not imply that the May 1 winter
wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.

Agricultural Statistics Board

Crop Production
B-10 NASS, USDA

May 1993


Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value
by State and United States, 1991-1992 1/

Area Harvested Yield Production

State 1----- 2-2-2 eee eee eee ee en cee eee ee een een eee eee eee nee eee
1991 1992 1991 1992 1991 1992
veecese Acres ----- ---- Pounds ----- --- 1,000 Pounds --
CT 1,750 1,450 1,618 1,600 2,831 2,320
FL 6,600 7,600 2,320 2,610 15,312 19,575
GA 40,000 44,000 2,015 2,295 80,600 100,980
IN 8,800 9,000 2,150 2,100 18,920 18,900
KY 223,100 234,700 2,151 2,234 479,794 524,378
MD 8,600 9,700 1,500 1,230 12,900 11,931
MA 500 370 1,660 1,832 830 678
MO : 3,000 1,700 2,275 1,940 6,825 3,298
NC : 275,000 270,200 2,308 2,257 634,655 609,873
OH : 10,400 10,400 2,190 2,100 22,776 21,840
PA 10,500 10,800 1,978 1,930 20,765 20,840
sc 51,000 52,000 2,180 2,160 111,180 112,320
TN 61,730 72,200 1,969 2,030 121,524 146,556
VA 53,500 51,100 2,184 2,181 116,849 111,459
Ww 1,900 2,100 1,800 1,725 3,420 3,623
WI 7,300 7,500 2,081 1,712 15,191 12,837
US : 763,680 784,720 2,179 2,194 1,664,372 1,721,408

Price per : Value of
Pound : Production

1,000 Dollars

CT 11.600 9.875 32,894 22,911
FL 1.660 1.628 25,418 31,868
GA 1.694 1.692 136,536 170,858
IN 1.795 1.822 33,961 34,436
KY 1.800 1.830 863,482 959,722
MD 1.620 1.676 20,898 19,996
MA : 13.200 10.300 10.936 6,982
MO : 1.765 1.772 12,046 5,844
NC : 1.732 © 1.736 1,098,981 1,058,495
OH 1:796 1.819 40,906 39,727
PA 1.477 1.137 30,678 23,692
sc 1.715 1.699 190,674 190,832
TN 1.834 1.848 222,837 270,869
VA 1.722 1,767 201,216 196,999
WV 1.780 1.802 6,088 6.529
WI 1.550 1.486 23,546 19,070
US 1.773 1,777 2,951,097 3,058,830
1/ 1992 revised.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1993 A-18 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruit:
United States 1991-92 and Forecasted May 1, 1993 1/

Utilized Production

Oranges
Early Mid &
Navel 3/
AZ 4/

Valencia
AZ 4/
CA
FL
TX 5/ 6/
US

all

Temples
FL

Grapefruit
White Seedless
FL
Colored Seedless
FL

Other
FL
All
AZ 4/
CA 4/
Desert

Other Areas
Total

AZ Al

Tangelos
FL

K-Early Citrus
FL

15,
87,

103,
200
800
100
75,
750

25,
151,
178,

500

64

550
800
500

850

100

600
600

950

700
800
600
400
500
500
000
100

500

600

Boxes

1991-92: 1992-93

35,
83,

119,

56
90,
67

139

209,

350

19,
22,
200
800
500
$00
000
400
265

200

§10

100
100

47,
114,

162,
200
000
000
98,
950

74,
184,
260,

500

70

nu oN
an a

oo
DENVOADW MY

a

ne
OO AND

: 1992-93 :

750
000
300
450
500

260

000
300
510
760

000
000
750
200

500
000
500
750
800
250

850

Utilized Production by Crop, State, and

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

1990-91:

20
$93
+937

550

45
368

, 885
298

65
961

822
848

113

922
927

112

wr

on

an w

co)

29
.317
753

1
100

60
208
538
806

89
525
291

1
906

106

812
940

28
1,763
5.144
6,954
45
1,013
3,150
3
4,211
73
2,776
8,294
11,165

113

1,063
1,105

Crop Production
May 1993

Agricuttural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


average price. Bearing acreage in 1992-93, before Hurricane Andrew, was
est mated at 8,400 acres. The 1993-94 bearing acreage is forecast at
. acres.

The 1992-93 Hawaii avocado crop totaled 350 tons, down 17 percent from last
season. The average price, at $920 per ton, was also down from last season.
Bearing acreage decreased 21 percent to 220 acres.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya production is estimated at 3.26 million pounds

for April. Production was 37 percent lower than March and 18 percent
lower than April 1992. The low output for March was due to poor fruit set--a
result of strong winds and heavy rains in January. Year-to-date fresh sales
were 3 percent ahead of the same four month period last year. Weather
conditions during April were variable. Light to moderate showers throughout
the month helped maintain soil moisture levels.

Total crop area is estimated at 3,700 acres, virtually unchanged from March but
5 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, totaling 2.775 acres, was
virtually unchanged from last month but 27 percent higher than last April.

Tobacco, 1992 Crop: U.S. tobacco production totaled 1.72 billion pounds in

1992. This represents a 3 percent increase from 1991
and is the largest crop since 1984, when farmers produced 1.73 billion pounds.
The increase in production was the result of an increase in harvested acres.
Growers harvested 784,720 acres, 3 percent more than in 1991. Yield per acre
averaged 2,194 pounds, compared to 2,179 pounds in 1991.

Flue-cured production totaled 906 million pounds, 1 percent less than a year
earlier. Area harvested totaled 401,500 acres, compared to 402,600 acres in
1991. Yield per acre averaged 2,257 pounds, 8 pounds below the average yield
for the 1991 crop.

Burley production totaled 720 million pounds, 9 percent above a year ago. The
change from last year mainly reflects an increase in acreage. A total of
332.700 acres were harvested. 7 percent above 1991. Average yield for the crop
was 2,163 pounds, 53 pounds above the previous year.

Dark fire-cured output. at 36.8 million pounds, was 12 percent more than the
previous year. Harvested area totaled 15,960 acres, slightly less than the
16,020 acres harvested in 1991. The average yield per acre of 2,305 pounds was
252 pounds above the average yield in 1991.

Production of dark air-cured tobacco, at 10.4 million pounds, was up 17 percent
from a year ago. .Harvested area totaled 4,740 acres, 7 percent above the area
harvested in 1991. Yield per acre averaged 2,202 pounds, 184 pounds more than
in 1991.

All cigar-type production of 29.8 million pounds in 1992 was 8 below the
previous year. Compared with last year, filler production was 2 percent
larger. Binder production was down 14 percent. Production of wrapper was
32 percent below a year ago.

Cotton, 1992 Crop: Al} cotton production in the United States totaled

16.2 million bales in 1992. That output. 8 percent below
1991 production, becomes the sixth largest production . Upland cotton
production, at 15.7 million bales, was 9 percent below the 1991 level.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-7 NASS, USDA



condition for the month remained good. Over 30 percent of the crop rated
excellent in California, Kansas, and Oregon. Coo! and cloudy weather delayed
winter wheat progress. Only in California was the crop ahead of the 5-year
average. By the end of the month, development was nearly 2 weeks behind last
year’s progress and 1 week behind the 5-year average. Wet weather also delayed
the planting of the spring wheat crop. However, dry conditions at the end of
the month allowed good progress. Seeding progress by the end of the month was
less than 1 week later than last year and slightly more than 1 week behind the
5-year average. Producers also experienced delays planting oats. barley, and
rye. Wet fields caused corn planting progress to be nearly 2 weeks behind last
year and the 5-year average. Drier conditions in Georgia and Texas allowed
progress to be near normal. By the beginning of May, some acreage had been
planted in all the major States. Although rain caused delays early in the
month, cotton planting progress was just a few days behind normal. The
greatest planting delays occurred in the Mississippi Delta. Rice seeding
activities averaged almost 2 weeks behind normal and nearly 3 weeks behind last
year due to excessively wet fields. Arkansas and Mississippi growers
experienced the greatest delays. Wet conditions pushed sorghum planting
progress to about 1 week behind the 5-year average. Progress in Texas, though
behind last year’s pace, was slightly ahead of the 5-year average.

Durum Wheat: The 1993 Arizona and California durum wheat crops are forecast at
5.12 and 3.00 million bushels, respectively. Increased area
coupled with yields better than last year point to the higher Arizona
production. Lower area more than offset a yield increase in California.
Arizona's crop is in mostly good condition and developing ahead of average.

Hay Stocks on Farms: Hay stocks on farms totaled 21.2 million tons on

May 1, 1993. This is down 26 percent from the stocks
level of May 1, 1992. Hay production for 1992 was down 3 percent from a year
earlier.

Disappearance of hay during the December 1, 1992 - May 1, 1993, period totated
84.7 million tons. This compares with 82.8 million tons during the same period
a year earlier.

Increased feeding requirements and lower 1992 production contributed to lower
Stocks and higher hay prices in many parts of the Nation.

Pasture and Range Feed Condition: The pasture and range feed condition on

May 1 for the 48 contiguous States was
84 percent, unchanged from May 1, 1992, but 7 points above the 1982-91 average
for May 1. Conditions were above last year in 29 States, below last year in
15 States, and the same as last year in 4 States. A majority of the States were
in good to excellent condition with improvements in 29 States offsetting the
decline in 15 States. Pasture and range conditions were up from last year on
the West Coast and through the Ohio River Valley.

Grapefruit: The 1992-93 U.S. grapefruit crop is forecast at 2.70 million tons,
up 21 percent from last season and up 20 percent from the 1990-91
season. Florida's forecast is 52.8 million boxes, down slightly from April 1

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-4 NASS, USDA


Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield. and Production, by State
and United States, 1991-92 and Forecasted May 1, 1993 1/

1,000 Acres --~ Bushels ---  — ------- 1,000 Bushels ------
AZ: 4 55 85.0 93.0 3.705 3.740 5,115
CA: 55 30 93.0 100.0 3.360 5.115 3.000
MN: 10 47.0 960 470
MT oo: 157 33.0 5.907 5,181
ND: 2,150 38.0 88.350 81,700
sD: 33 30.0 1.675 990
US: 2,449 39.7 103,957 97.196

1/ Area harvested for U.S. and northern States will be published in “Acreage”
released June 30, 1993. Yield and production will be published in
"Crop Production” released July 22, 1993.

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1991-1992
and Forecasted May 1, 1993 1/

Red : Red : White : Red : Durum :  UWhite

1,000 Bushels

1991: 901,781 325,201 145,635 431.223 103,957 73,342 1,981,139
1992 966,078 427,139 213,317 701,994 97,196 53,106 2,458,830
1993: 1,117,916 444,155 245,586

1/ Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available
for all wheat producing states. Unless unusual situations dictate, the
Previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast
season.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-7 NASS, USDA


U.S. WINTER WHEAT PRODUCTION

> BILLION BUSHELS 1984-1993
2.06 os
TM \\ < \\ 181
160 162 187 188 . 11
\ “
1.00 \
0.60
N

0.00

Crop Production

May 1993

1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

A-6

1990 1091 1992 1993

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


Cotton:

by Type,
: Area
Type : Planted
and
State 1991

L 410
AZ 360
AR 1,000
CA 980
FL 50
GA 430
KS 2
LA 875
MS 1,245
MO 332
NM 69
NC 460
OK 440
sc 211
TN 620
TMX 6,300
VA 7
US : 13,801.

Amer-Pima:
AZ : 106
CA 64
MS 0
NM 19
TM 60
US : 250.
All :
AL : 410.
AZ : 466
AR 1,000
CA 1,044
FL 50
GA 430
KS 2
LA 875
MS 1,245
MO 332
NM 88
NC 460
OK 440
sc 211
TMN 620
TM 6,360
VA V7
US 14,052

NM NDe ODDO COC ODOODOSDO

BB OHNMOOD

+e NOC eCCAMDMmaDD0DCCOO

a

12,

Area Planted and Harvested and Yield
State, and United States, 1991-92 1/

103.
110.

37.
263.

415.

» conoo A HPOSCSCODDSCOOMNSDD0RD

S&S PEDSDRBBOROUNCOOOSO

12,

Harvested

405.
359.
980.

49,
427.
1.
820.
230.
327.
65.
457.
380.
210.
610.
400.
17.

715.

405.

DW ASSCAGCSOBOMOODOSEO

Oo ORND.O

Area

1992

408.0 655
323.0 1,201
980.0 772
995.0 1,252
49.5 719
456.0 812
0.8 347
870.0 828
1,345.0 888
328.0 630
37.0 465
377.0 672
335.0 363
192.0 786
615.0 552
3,550.0 419
21.8 765
10,883.1 650
102.0 860
110.0 1,097
0.4 560
12.8 470
35.0 404
260.2 784
408.0 655
425.0 1,125
980.0 772
1,105.0 1,242
49.5 719
456.0 812
0.8 347
870.0 828
1,345.4 888
328.0 630
49.8 466
377.0 672
335.0 303
192.0 786
615.0 552
3,585.0 419
21.8 765
11,143.3 652

Yield

649
"480
739
775

938

731

L/ 1992 revised.

Crop Production
May 1993

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


Pasture and Range Feed:

State : Average : 1992

: 1982-91

Percent
AL : 75 83
AZ : 81 95
AR : 83 83
CA : 77 86
co : 76 80
CT : 87 87
DE : 87 95
FL : 74 80
GA : 75 84
1D : 83 75
IL : 84 90
IN : 85 78
IA : 78 90
KS : 80 76
KY : 85 86
LA : 80 94
ME : 89 69
MD : 86 90
MA : 88 78
MI : 87 75
MN : 76 75
MS : 81 92
MO : 79 82
MT : 77 86
NE : 76 88

Condition by State and United States,
1992-93 and Average 1/

1993

State :
: 1982-91

Average

1992

1993

78
90
85
70
84
84
66
85
78
84
81
90
76
72
84
65
79
89
84
85
78
74
81

77

Percent

49
76
96
90
85
90
83
85
92
87
82
78
86
80
81
88
77
72
85
83
70
70
86

84

77
90
70
77
79
91
79
88
96
96
70
80
78
86
85
75
94
80
85
89
92
67
93

84

1/ Good to excellent, 80 and over; poor to fair 65-79; very poor, 50-64;
severe drought, 35-49; extreme drought, under 35.

Crop Production
May 1993

A-9

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA


Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss
by State, 1983-92 (continued)

Mississippi Texas
Year : : Harvest : : Harvest
: Large Bolls : Loss : Large Bolls : Loss
i : Per Acre : L/ : Per Acre
Number Pounds Number Pounds
1983: 590 91 341 48
1984 2/:
1985: 662 91
1986: 611 95
1987: 777 81
1988 : 726 86
1989: 710 90
1990: 693 93
1991: 726 90
1992: 708 84

1/ Total large bolis in 40 feet of row.
2/ Program temporarily suspended.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-25 NASS, USDA



Crop Agrieutural
e Statistics
Production Service

United States

Department of
Agriculture

Washington, D.C.

Released May 11, 1993, by the Agricultural Statistics Board. Forecasts refer
to May 1, 1993.

Winter Wheat Production Up 13 Percent

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.81 billion bushe)s, up 13 percent from
1992. Based on May 1 conditions, yield prospects average 40.8 bushels per
acre, up 2.5 bushels from last year. Area for harvest as grain is forecast at
44.3 million acres. up 6 percent from 1992. Conditions are generally good but
the crop is late developing.

Acreage to be harvested for grain is up 5 percent in Hard Red Winter producing
States. Overall, hard red yields are forecast higher than in 1992. Soft Red
Winter production is up from 1992 primarily due to an 8 percent acreage
increase. Most Soft Red yield prospects are down from last season's high
levels. White wheat production is forecast above 1992. Harvested area and
expected yield gains in the Pacific Northwest far exceed drops in other White
Winter States.

Orange production is forecast at 11.2 million tons, down 1 percent from last
month but up 25 percent from last season.

The forecast for all Florida oranges is 184 million boxes, down 1 percent from
April 1 but up 32 percent from last season. Production of Florida early and
mid-season varieties is forecast at 114 million boxes, down slightly from last
month but up 37 percent from last year. Harvest is complete. Florida Valencia
Production is expected to total 70.0 million boxes, down 3 percent from last
month but 24 percent more than last season's crop. Over 42 percent of the late
Oranges remain to be picked as of May 1.

Index is located at the end of this report. For information call (202) 720-
2127. Office hours are 8:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. ET.

Cr Pr 2-2 (5-93)


Sweet Cherries: Total Production, California,
1991-92 and Forecasted May 1, 1993

Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production.
California 1991- “92 and Forecasted May 1. 1993

Utilized Production

1992 1/ 1993
1,000 Pounds
CA 490,000 548,000 520,000

L/ Revised.

Avocados: Bearing Acreage. Yield, Production, Price,
and Value, Florida and Hawaii, 1991-92
: Bearing : Yteld
: Acreage Per

Year

1991-92 : 6,600 3.29 28,300 28,300 28,300 see

1992-93 : 8.400 0.83 7,000 7,000 7,000 _
HI :

1991-92: 280 1.50 420 420 420 _—
1992-93 : 220 1159 350 350 350 _

Price per Ton Value of Production

Fresh Processed : All Fresh : Processed : All
FL :
1991-92 : A76 -- 476 13,471 -- 13,471
1992-93 : 584 -- 584 4,088 -- 4,088
HI :
1991-92 : 940 - 940 395 -- 395
1992-93 : 920 -- 920 322 -- 322

i/ Bearing acreage estimates are based on periodic orchard inventory surveys.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-12 NASS, USDA


Citrus Fruit Footnotes

1/ The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with
the year harvest is completed.

2/ Net lbs. per box: oranges-CA & AZ-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-CA Desert &
AZ-64, CA Other-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus &
Temples-90; tangerines-CA and AZ-75, FL-95.

3/ Navel and miscellaneous varieties in CA and AZ. Early and mid-season
varieties in FL and TX, including small quantities of tangerines in TX.

4/ Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

5/ Oue to the severe freeze of December 1989, TX had no commercial production
for the 1990-91 season.

6/ TX forecast at 425 tons for 1991-92.

Spring Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production, by State
and United States, 1991-92 and Forecasted May 1, 1993

1,000 Acres --- Cwt ---- 1,000 Cwt -

AL : 3.5 2.7 155 160 300 543 432
AZ : 6.1 §.5 295 300 1,770 1,800 1,650
CA : 19.3 19.5 375 375 8,284 7.238 7,313
FL i

Hastings : 25.0 26.0 240 180 5,130 6,000 4,680

Other : 7.0 7.5 250 185 1,470 1,750 1,388
NC : 17.3 17.3 200 180 2,890 3,460 3,114
TX : 4.8 5.3 155 160 792 744 848
Total 83.0 83.8 259 232 20.636 «=. 21,535 19,425

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1993 A-11 NASS, USDA



was a problem in many plum orchards along with brown rot in prunes. By late
April, Freestone peaches and nectarines were being picked in the Coachella
Valley. Burlat cherries were also picked tate in the month in San Joaquin
County. Apple trees bloomed during April and were treated for fireblight and
codling moth: Almonds dropped their jackets and some post-bloom fungicides
were applied. Walnuts were sprayed for codling moth. Avocado picking was
active throughout the month. Grapefruit and lemon harvests were also active in
the south coast area. The Navel orange harvest was winding down by the end of
April with approximately 90 percent of the crop picked. Rind puff and softness
plagued growers and caused heavy gradeout. Valencia orange picking was active
with a high percentage of the crop exported.

Spring Potatoes: Spring potato production is forecast at 19.4 million cwt,
down 10 percent from last year and 6 percent below 1991. The

May 1 forecast is 2 percent below the April 1 projection as early yields in

Florida are worse than expected. Area for harvest is estimated at

83,800 acres, up 1 percent from a year ago but 4 percent below two years ago.

The average yield, projected at 232 cwt per acre, is down 27 cwt from last year

and 4 cwt below 1991.

Harvest started the last half of April in the Hastings area of Florida. Early
yields are poor on fields heavily damaged by the March blizzard. Later fields
for harvest in mid-May through June. should be better but not enough to avoid
an overall 22 percent cut in the Florida production estimate. North Carolina's
potatoes are later than normal with growing conditions not as good as a year
ago. Alabama's spring potatoes improved moderately during the month.

In Texas, harvest is active in the Rio Grande Valley and about to start in the
San Antonio-Winter Garden area. California’s harvest started on schedule in
April on a crop that is normal in development and is in good condition.
Arizona’s spring yield is above last year but 10 percent fewer acres will
produce a smaller total crop.

Sweet Cherries: With harvest just beginning, California's sweet cherry growers

anticipate a 20.000 ton crop, 35 percent less than 1992 and
44 percent less than 1991. The reduction is attributed to poor pollination
caused by rains during blossom. The cherries this season should be beautiful
with few spurs, doubles, and sutures. Cool weather allowed the fruit to reach
a large size gradually and is expected to contribute to its sweetness.

Almonds: The initial forecast of the 1993 California almond crop is

520 million pounds, shelled basis. This output is down 5 percent
from the 1992 crop of 548 million pounds. Winter rains led to excellent
growing conditions. As a result, orchards have some of the healthiest trees
seen in the last five years. Nut quality is expected to be excellent and sizes
will be slightly larger than normal.

Avocados: Florida’s avocado production for the 1992-93 season was 7,000 tons,
down 75 percent from last season. Hurricane Andrew destroyed many

acres of avocado trees and fruit shipments virtually stopped following the

storm. The average price was $584 per ton, up 23 percent from the 1991-92

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-6 NASS, USDA



but 24 percent more than last season’s crop. Harvest was over 93 percent
complete as of May 1. The Florida white seedless grapefruit are expected to
produce 25.0 million boxes, unchanged from April 1 but 31 percent above last
season. The colored seedless forecast is 26.0 million boxes, unchanged from
the previous forecast but 18 percent more than the 1991-92 crop. The seedy
grapefruit crop is expected to reach 1.75 million boxes, a 3 percent decrease
from last month but 46 percent more than last season.

California's “Desert Valley" grapefruit forecast, which is carried forward from
April 1, is 3.50 million boxes, the same production level as last season.
California “Other Areas" grapefruit. carried forward from last month, is

6.00 million boxes, down 8 percent from the 1991-92 season. Arizona's
forecast, carried forward from last month, is 2.20 million boxes, down

21 percent from last season. The Texas grapefruit forecast is unchanged at
1.80 million boxes. Harvest is virtually complete.

Tangerines: The 1992-93 U.S. tangerine crop forecast is 259,000 tons,
unchanged from April 1 but up slightly from last season.

The Florida tangerine forecast is unchanged from last month at 2.80 million
boxes, an 8 percent increase over last season. The Honey tangerine harvest is
virtually complete in Florida. The Arizona and California forecasts were
carried forward from last month and are expected to total 850,000 and

2.50 million boxes, respectively.

Tangelos: The May forecast for the 1992-93 Florida tangelo crop is
3.05 million boxes, unchanged from April 1 but 17 percent more than
last season. Harvest is complete.

Temples: The May 1 forecast for the 1992-93 Florida Temple crop is
2.50 million boxes, down 4 percent from April 1 but 6 percent more
than Jast season. Harvest is virtually complete.

Florida Citrus: Most of this State’s citrus trees were in good to excellent

condition. Rainfall was limited during April except for the
lower east coast where weekly rains provided surplus moisture. Growers on the
high sand hills and other interior counties used low volume irrigation to
maintain good tree condition during the fruit set period. Bloom continued in
all areas during April. Some trees have completed petal drop, while others
have all stages of bloom flowers. This year’s bloom is the latest in recent
history.

Harvest of early and mid-season oranges ended by May 1. Movement of Valencia
oranges increased rapidly as fruit started passing maturity tests. Grapefruit
harvest was active through April. Harvest of Honey tangerines and Temples was
virtually complete at the end of the month. Caretakers were active cutting
cover crops, making post-bloom nutritional sprays, hedging. and topping
harvested groves.

California Fruits and Nuts: Cultural practices included tree planting,

between row cultivation, and cutting of cover
crops. Grape growers treated vines to control mildew and nematodes. The grape
crop progressed well with bunches developing. Kiwifruit vines bloomed during
April. Stonefruit growers were busy thinning their fruit. Shot hole fungus

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 8-5 NASS, USDA



Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States,
Dec 1 and May 1, 1990-93

1,000 Tons
AL 934 1,392 4,252 124 229 134
AZ 213 171 269 71 71 37
AR 1,043 1,955 2,265 382 489 419
CA 1,911 2,841 2,869 332 775 155
co : 2,207 2,437 2,575 457 528 396
CT : 135 105 107 36 14 23
OE : $1 40 36 8 10 5
FL : 375 490 753 55 41 140
GA : 855 1,206 1,007 148 324 244
ID H 2,287 3,221 2,193 408 644 292
IL : 2,511 1,992 1,757 §02 348 ‘365
IN : 1,510 1,001 1,380 377 138 177
IA z 5,250 4,400 4,300 1,419 817 1,058
KS : 4,636 4,175 4,700 1,037 755 800
KY : 3,927 4,203 4,047 873 923 790
LA : 528 630 502 46 105 97
ME t 288 241 259 80 38 54
MD : $15 399 428 115 51 §2
MA : 142 134 161 40 20 32
MI t 3,041 2,890 2,320 1,067 1,051 510
MN : 4,461 5,339 3,537 1,312 1,618 1,113
MS : 807 1,620 1,823 186 288 162
MO : 5,904 5,830 5,835 1,442 1,280 703
MT : 3,956 4,567 3,953 1,124 1,349 884
NE : 5,260 5,381 5,777 1,441 1,569 1,364
NV : 680 695 499 109 162 32
NH : 94 95 1210 27 15 24
NJ : 128 133 140 49 28 43
NM : 482 630 616 138 140 70
NY : 3,502 2,666 2,334 1,007 615 503
NC : 768 753 728 182 212 148
ND : 3,371 4,541 3,796 861 1,195 844
OH > 3,142 1,764 2,275 693 252 364
OK : 3,219 3,924 4,495 982 1,134 1,235
OR : 1,498 1,684 1,537 198 384 73
PA : 3.350 2,577 2.989 849 604 833
RI : 12 10 11 4 2 2
sc 2 228 345 234 68 108 41
so : 5,670 7,482 7,020 1,890 3,218 2,176
TMN : 2,762 2,839 2,945 651 653 485
1X : 6,800 8,730 8,918 1,600 2,522 2,058
UT : 1,274 1,593 1,344 297 319 246
VT : 502 411 484 162 78 142
VA : 2,340 1,989 2,382 780 610 494
WA : 1,986 2,228 1,777 336 327 148
WY : 1,028 754 942 251 61 118
WI : 7,022 6,765 4,446 2,371 2,084 853
WY : 2,263 2,136 1,747 436 401 213
us : 104,873 111,404 105,874 27,023 28,599 21,151
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1993 A-8 NASS, USDA


Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition,
by State and United States, 1991-92 1/

fee cee ee ene ence eee eee eee ee eens : Used for
: Planting

Sa
oi
1991
AL 196.0 224.0 107.
AZ 409.0 335.0 237.
AR : 718.0 653.0 642.
CA 1,073.0 1,148.0 183
FL 4/ : 28.0 25.0 20
GA 260.0 261.0 39
KS 4/ 0.5 0.1 0
LA 522.0 484.0 415
MS 876.0 834.0 809
MO 171.0 217.0158.
NM 31.0 25.0 13
NC 229.0 171.0 51
OK 101.0 85.0 87
SC 121.0 80.0 44
TMN 277.0 332.0 263
TX : 2,903.0 2,346.0 1,599
VA 10.0 10.0
US 6,925.5 6,230.1 4,667

Tes to
1 Mills
1992
1,000 Tons

0 73.0 89.
0 161.0 172.
0 561.0 76.
0 174.0 890.
0 0.0

.0 66.0 221.
.2 a1

.0 330.0 107.
a) 776.0 67.
9 204.0 13.
.0 0.1 18.
-0 57.0 178.
.0 80.0 14,
.0 50.0 77.
0 296.0 14.
0 1,092.0 304.
-0 0.0 10.
-2 3,920.2 2,258.

8.
0.

0 151.0 4.8 4.9
0 174.0 3.9 3.2
0 92.0 9.5 9.5
0 974.0 12.8 12.7
0 25.0 0.6 0.6
0 195.0 5.5 6.5
3 0.0

0 154.0 8.0 8.1
1] 58.0 13.5 13.5
0 13.0 3.5 3.4
0 24.9 1.1 1.0
0 114.0 3.4 3.5
0 5.0 4.6 4.5
0 30.0 1.4 1.4
0 36.0 6.6 6.4
0 254.0 85.8 88.8
0 10.0 0.2 0.2

1/ 1991 crop revised, 1992 crop preliminary.

2/ Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, loss

and other uses.

3/ Included in “other” farm disposition.

years’ crops.

Planting seed from previous

A/ FL includes KS. Kansas’ estimate of cottonseed used for planting is
25 tons for 1992 and 30 tons for 1993.

Crop Production
May 1993

Agricultural Statistics Board
NASS, USDA


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DROUGHT SEVERITY
(LONG TERM, PALMER)

NOAMLUSDA JOINT AGRICULTURAL WEATHER FACKITY — Gased on prefiminary reports,

Drought Severity

Drought severity index (Palmer): Depicts prolonged (months, years) abnormal
dryness or wetness: responds slowly; changes little from week to week; and
reflects long term moisture runoff, recharge, and deep percolation, as well as
evaportranspiration.

Uses...applicable in measuring disruptive effects of prolonged dryness or
wetness on water sensitive economies; designating disaster areas of drought or
wetness and reflecting the general long-term status of water supplies in
aquifers, reservoirs, and streams.

Limitations...is not generally indicative of short-term (few weeks) status of
drought or wetness such as frequently affects crops and field operations (this
is indicated by the crop moisture index).

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-2 NASS, USDA


Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1992 and Forecasted May 1, 1993
(Metric Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

Crop
Hectares
Winter Wheat : 20,662,260 20.736,720 16,953,680 17,930,600
Spring Potatoes : 34,520 35,170 33,590 33,910

Crop Summary: Yield per Hectare and Production, United States,
1992 and Forecasted May 1, 1993
(Metric Units)

:Yield per Hectare: Production
Crop : : : Apr 1, : May 1
1992 : 1993 : 1992 : 1993 : 1993
Metric Tons

Winter Wheat : 2.58 2.74 43,722,690 49,196,360
Spring Potatoes : 29.08 25.98 976,810 899.200 881,100
Hay Stocks on Farms 1/: 25,944,580 19,187,860
Almonds (CA) : 248,570 235,870
Citrus Fruits 2/ : 1991-92 1992-93 1992-93
Oranges : 8.079.390 10.213.990 10,128,720
Grapefruit : 2,017,580 2,449,400 2.446, 680

1/ December 1, 1992, hay stocks were 96,047,280 metric tons.
2/ Season begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.

Crop Production« Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-4 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class. Type.
State, and United States, 1991-1992 1/ (continued)

Area Harvested Production
Class and Type fee ee ee ne nn ee ee eee eee
1992 1991 1992
— Acres ----- --- Pounds --  -- 1,000 Pounds --

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3b, Dark
Air-cured

Type 35, One Sucker
Belt

2.500 2.650 2,040 2,160 5,100 5,724
610 640 «2,000 2,000 1,220 1,280
3,110 3,290 2,032 2,129 6,320 7,004

Type 36, Green River
Belt
: 1,200 1,350 2,020 2,450 2,424 3,308
Type 37. VA Sun-cured :
e

VA : 100 100 + =1,560 1,240 156 124
Total 35-37 >: 4,410 4,740 2,018 2,202 8,900 10.436

Class 4, Cigar Filler
Type 41, PA Seedleaf
PA 2/ 6,700 7,000 2,050 2,000 13,735 14,000
Class 5, Cigar Binder
Class 5a, CT Valley
Binder
TYPE 51, CT Valley

Broadleaf

cT : 670 650 1,750 1,790 1,173 1,164

MA : 130 170 = 2,000 1,880 260 320
1,791 1,810 1,433 1,484

US : 800 820

Class 5B, WI Binder
Type 54, Southern WI

WI 4,100 4,100 2,390 1,970 9,799 8,077
Type 55, Northern WY

WI 3,200 3.400 1,685 1,400 5,392 4,760
Total 54-55 7,300 7,900 2,081 1,712 15,191 12,837
Total 51-55 8,100 8,320 2,052 1,721 16,624 14,321

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper :
Type 61, CT Valley :
Spade- Grown

: 1,080 800 81,535 1,445 1,658 1,156

MA : 370 200 «1,540 1,790 570 358

US : 1,450 1,000 1,537 1,514 2,228 1,514
All Cigar Types :

Total 41-61 > 16,250 16,320 2,005 1,828 32,587 29,835

All Tobacco

1/ 1992 revised.
2/ Estimates carried forward from “Crop Production" Annual Summary released
January 12, 1993.

2,194 1,664,372 1,721,408

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-15 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Price and Value by Class and Type, State,
and United States, 1991-92 1/ (continued)

Value of
Production

Price Per
Pound

1991

Class and Type
1991
Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3b, Dark
Air-cured
Type 35, One Sucker
Belt :
KY : 1.893
TN : 1.816
US : 1.878
Type 36, Green River
Belt :
KY : 1.741
Type 37, VA Sun-cured :
Belt :
VA 1.434
Total 35-37 1.833
Class 4, Cigar Filler
Type 41, PA Seedleaf
PA : 1.430
Class 5, Cigar Binder
Class Sa, CT Valley
Binder
Type 51. CT Valley
Broadleaf
CT 2.600
MA 2.600
US 2.600
Class 5b, WI Binder
Type 54, Southern WI
WI : 1.550
Type 55, Northern WI
WI : 1.550
Total 54-55 : 1.550
Total 51-55 : 1.641
Class 6, Cigar Wrapper :
Type 61, CT Valley
Shade-grown :
cT : 18.000
MA : 18.000
US : 18.000
All Cigar Types :
Total 41-61 : 2.670
All Tobacco : 1.773

Re

Pe

ee

726
666
-715

- 648

-380
-690

-150

-800
800
800

530
410

486
-622

9.
2,
11,

4,

16,

19

654
216
870

220

224
314

+641

050

676

726

188

358
546
272

9,880
2,132
12,012

5,452

171
17,635

16,100

3,259
896
4,155

12,358
6,712

19,070
23,225

19,652

6,086
25,738
65,063

3,058,830

1/ =1992 revised.

Crop Production
May 1993

A-17

Agricultural Statistics Board

NASS, USDA



Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States,
1992 and Forecasted May 1, 1993
(Domestic Units)

Area Planted Area Harvested

100 ao)»
1992 1993 : 1992 : 1993
1,000 Acres
Winter Wheat : 81,057 51,241 41,893 44,307
Spring Potatoes : 85.3 86.9 83.0 83.8

Crop Summary: Yield per Acre and Production, United States,
1992 and Forecasted May 1, 1993
(Domestic Units)

Winter Wheat Bu : 38.3 40.8 1,606,534 1,807,657

Spring Potatoes Cwt : 259 232 21,535 19,824 19,425

Pasture and Range :

Feed 1/ Pct : 84 84

Hay Stocks on Farms2/Ton : 28,599 21,161

Almonds (CA) lb: 548,000 520,000

Citrus Fruits 3/ : 1991-92 1992-93 1992-93
Oranges Ton : 8,906 11,259 11,165
Grapefruit "oy 2,224 2,700 2,697

1/ Pasture and Range Feed-condition as of first of month. The 1982-91
average is 77 percent.

2/ December 1, 1992, hay stocks were 105,874,000 tons.

3/ Season begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the
completion of harvest the following year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-3 NASS, USDA


Report Features

The next “Crop Production" report will be released at 3:00 p.m.

June 10, 1993.

ET on

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National
Agricultural Statistics Service to contact for additional information.
John D. Witzig, Chief (202) 720-2127
Field Crops Section
Bill Dowdy, Head (202) 720-3843
Herb Eldridge - Sugar, Tobacco, Hay (202) 720-7621
Dan Kerestes - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds, Rice (202) 720-9526
David Mueller - Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-2157
Vaughn Siegenthaler - Rye, Sorghum, Wheat (202) 720-8068
Charles Van Lahr - Barley, Corn, Oats, Pasture Condition (202) 720-7369
Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section
Stephen Ropel, Head (202) 720-3843
Jim Brewster - Fruits (202) 720-7688
Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Dry Beans, Onions (202) 720-4285
Kirby Cavett - Peanuts (202) 720-8843
Kevin Hintzman - Fruits, Citrus, Nuts (202) 720-5412
Roger Latham - Cotton (202) 720-5944
David Mueller - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-6054
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-12 NASS, USDA


Upland Cotton: Farm Marketing, Percent of Sales. by Month,
State and United States, 1991 Marketing Year

Percent

AL: 0.3 1.3 22.6 19.0 15.6 11.2 10.7 84 61 1.4 3.6 0.4
AZ: 3.5 11.8 17.5 21.8 14.7 21.1 3.8 2.8 1.6 90.3 0.3 0.8
AR: 0.6 1.7 20.2 22.4 14.9 14.9 8.9 5.2 5.7 1.4 3.0 1.1
CA : 1.5 3.9 16.7 22.6 15.7 12.3 9.3 9.5 6.4 0.7 1.2 0.2
GA: 0.0 0.2 9.7 16.9 21.1 14.7 8.4 9.7 4.4 1.4 9.7 3.8
LA : 0.6 0.7 8.3 9.8 15.3 22.5 22.9 10.9 4.5 1.4 2.1 1.0
MS o:1.7° 1.2 10.4 13.7 14.5 15.9 15.2 10.6 7.2 3.4 3.2 3.0
TN: 0.3 0.9 12.9 16.0 18.8 25.0 10.9 7.0 2.0 2.2 3.1 0.9
TX :10.8 14.8 11.3 10.2 17.8 14.7 7.8 5.1 3.8 1.5 1.3 0.9
us 4.5 6.9 13.3 15.2 16.5 16.0 10.6 7.3 4.7 1.6 2.2 1.2

Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales, by Class,
Month, and State, 1992 Marketing Year

: Percent
Flue-cured :
FL : 23 38 36 3 100
GA : 21 37 36 6 100
NC : 14 33 36 17 100
sc : 16 38 35 11 100
VA 2 13 23 36 28 100
Fire-cured :

: 6 46 48 100
KY : 45 37 18 100
TN : 30 50 20 100
Air-cured :
IN : 16 42 40 2 100
KY : 18 48 30 3 1 100
MO : 71 29 100
MO 46 34 20 100
NC 23 50 27 100
OH 15 43 42 100
PA 1/
TMN 20 56 24 100
VA 22 58 20 100
WV 16 46 38 100
l/ Sales by month are not available.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1993 A-26 NASS, USDA


California's 1992-93 a1] orange forecast is 74.0 million boxes, unchanged from
last month but 10 percent more than last year. The Navel crop in California is
expected to total a record high 47.0 million boxes, unchanged from April 1 but
34 percent more than last season. Approximately 85 percent of the crop was
picked by May 1. California's Valencia forecast is 27.0 million boxes,
unchanged from April 1 but down 16 percent from last season's large crop.
Approximately 7 percent of the Valencias were harvested with most of the fruit

being exported.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice yield is projected to increase to a
record high 1.58 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix concentrate. The yield
for early and mid-season varieties was finalized at 1.52 gallons per box. The
1991-92 season’s final yield for early and mid-season varieties was 1.47. The
projected Valencia yield increased to 1.69 gallons per box, near last season’s
record high 1.70 gallons per box.

sans — ——— — — —e

This report was approved on May 11, 1993, by the Acting Secretary of
Agriculture and the National Agricultural Statistics Service’s Agricultural
Statistics Board.

Agriculture
Keith J. Collins Reh Alien

Agricultural Statistics Board

Crop Production
A-2 NASS, USDA

May 1993


American-Pima production, totaling 508,300 bales, up 28 percent from 1991,
represents the second largest production on record.

The area planted to all cotton totaled 13.2 million acres, down 6 percent from
1991. Harvested area, at 11.1 million acres, was down 14 percent from the
previous year. Abandonment during 1992 totaled 16 percent compared with

8 percent in 1991, The larger abandonment was due to adverse weather early
during the season in Texas, which forced producers to abandon 35 percent of the
State’s acreage. Yields for the U.S. averaged 699 pounds per acre, the

second highest yield on record and 47 pounds above 1991.

Plantings of the 1992 Upland crop equaled or exceeded the normal pace in the
Delta. Although Arkansas realized a record high yield of 823 pounds per
harvested acre, yields in Louisiana and Mississippi declined from their 1991
record high yields due to prolonged cool weather and insects. Regional yields
averaged 752 pounds, down 22 pounds from 1991. Production totaled 6.49 million
bales, up 1 percent from the previous year.

Production in the Southeast decreased 9 percent from the previous year to
2.06 million bales, due to a combination of less acreage and lower yields. In
the Southeast, 4 percent fewer acres were harvested. Yields averaged

690 pounds compared to 723 pounds the previous year.

Western States production increased 2 percent from 1991 to 3.59 million bales.
The increase was due to California's record high yield of 1,359 pounds per acre
and a 2 percent increase in the State's harvested acres. Arizona's yield

declined 124 pounds from 1991 due to weather and severe Whitefly infestations.

The Texas-Oklahoma production, at 3.48 million bales, was down 30 percent from
1991. Yields averaged 429 pounds per harvested acre, an 18 pound increase from
the previous year. Texas producers experienced poor planting conditions, and
abandoned nearly 2 million acres early in season. Texas’ yield averaged

441 pounds per acre, up 22 pounds from 1991.

Ginnings totaled 16,203,200 equivalent 480 pound net weight bales during the
1992 season. This amount compares with 17,602,650 equivalent 480 pound bales
ginned in 1991.

The preliminary 1992 marketing year average price received by farmers for lint
was 54.6 cents per pound, down 3.5 cents from 1991. The value of lint for the
1992 crop totaled $4.25 billion, down 14 percent from 1991.

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 1992 totaled 6.23 million tons, down

10 percent from 1991. The preliminary 1992 marketing year price
received is $97.00 per ton compared with $71.00 in 1991. Value of cottonseed
for the 1992 crop totaled $607 million, up 23 percent from the previous year.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-8 NASS, USDA



April Weather Summary: Wet spring weather prevailed across much of the Nation,

especially from the Pacific Northwest eastward to the
east-central Plains, the Great Lakes States. and the Northeast. However, in
contrast to previous months, dry weather dominated in the Southwest and
Southeast, allowing for river and stream flows to recede and fieldwork to
progress, but raising concerns of topsoil dryness by month’s end. But in the
Northeast, river and lakefront flooding persisted until month's end.

Cold air frequently plunged southeastward in the wake of storms, pouring
through the Plains before settling across the East. As a result, temperatures
averaged 4 to 6 percent F below normal from the central Plains to Gulf Coast
States. New Orleans, LA, notched its coldest April on record. Although
temperatures averaged slightly above normal in the Northeast, winter clung
stubbornly at times. On April 23, Syracuse, NY, received 6.2 inches of snow.
Three days later, 0.6 inches fel) in Binghamton, NY, which pushed their
seasonal snowfall to a record 122.7 inches. However, in the Southwest
temperatures averaging up to 4 percent F above normal were accompanied by
dryness. San Diego, CA, received no precipitation in April (mot even a trace)
for the first time since rainfall record-keeping began in 1850.

While the Pacific Northwest received precipitation incrementally. areas east of
the Rockies were deluged sporadically. In Portland, OR (downtown), 7.96 inches
fell during April, breaking a record set in 1883. Similarly, Eugene, OR.
received an April-record 7.85 inches. Dayton, OH, also broke a rainfall
record, with 6.78 inches. But 60 percent of Dayton’s total fell on 3 days
(April 9, 20. and 25). In the Northeast, each successive storm renewed the
threat of flash flooding, and added to an already massive runoff. Lake
Champlain, along the Vermont-New York border, reached its highest level in this
century.

The storm that drenched Dayton, OH, on April 20 was also responsible for snow
in the Northeast and record cold in the Southeast. Subfreezing temperatures
even reached the Florida Panhandle on April 23. The low of 31 degrees F in
Tallahassee was that location’s latest freeze by 15 days (the previous record
was April 8, 1971). Another shot of cool air toward month's end dropped
temperatures to 32 degrees F as far south as Washington, DC’s, western suburbs
on April 28. At Washington National Airport, VA, the temperature first reached
70 degrees F on April 15, the latest spring 70-degree reading on record.

With the proliferation of strong storms crossing the United States during
April, snowfalls were frequent and occasionally heavy. For example, an early
month storm dropped 31 inches of snow on Cuchara, CO, and 12 inches atop

Mt. Mitchell, NC. A significant storm crossed the Dakotas and the western
Great Lakes at mid-month, depositing 1 foot of snow in Eagle River, WI.
Additional snow fell in the West’s mountains and in the northern-tier States
during the latter half of the month. By April 30, snow remained quite deep at
the higher elevations of the West, including 113 inches at Alta, UT, and

91 inches at Sierra Ski Ranch, CA.

Outside of the continental United States, significant weather anomalies
included a fourth consecutive drier than normal month in Hawaii, and average
temperatures of up to 10 degrees F above normal in Alaska.

General Crop Comments: April conditions were mostly wet and cool. The wet
conditions delayed fieldwork, while the cool
temperatures hindered development of winter planted crops. By the end of the
month, drier and warmer conditions allowed producers to start their spring
planting and allowed increased development of winter crops. Winter wheat

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 B-3 NASS, USDA



Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1992-93

Area : Fresh Production

-- 1,000 Pounds --

Mar 2 3,945 3.715 2,160 2,765 4,010 5.195
Apr > 3,875 3,700 2,190 2,775 3,960 3,260
May > 3,795 2,190 4,445
Jun : 3.770 2,410 4,940
dul : 3,700 2,465 4,970
Aug 3,625 2,590 015
Cumulative Fresh Production Jan-Apr 17.810 18,345

Bananas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield,
and Production, Hawaii, 1991-92 1/

Area Harvested

--- Acres

Bananas: 890 870 12,800 13,800
Papayas 2/: 2,025 2,415 N/A N/A
Taro : 550 550 11,800 12,500

Total Production

1991 1992 1991 1992
: 1,000 Pounds

Bananas: ~——s«11,400 12,000 11,400 12,000

Papayas 2/: WA NIA 55,350 71,300

Taro : 6.500 6.900 6.500 6.900

L/ 1992 revised.
2/ Area harvested is average during the year.
N/A = Not available.

Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board
May 1993 A-13 NASS, USDA


Tobacco: Price and Value by Class and Type,
State, and United States, 1991-92 1/
Price Per : Value of
Pound : Production

Class and Type

cecee Dollars ------ --- 1,000 Dollars ---
Class 1, Flue-cured
Type 11, Old and
Middle Belts
NC 1.738 1.753 411,211 377,088
VA 1.716 1.764 151,248 143,916
us 1.732 1.756 562,459 $21,004
Type 12, Eastern NC
Belt
NC 1.729 1.731 523,031 523,636
Type 13, NC Border &
SC Belt
NC 1.713 1.698 132,843 125,567
sc 1.745 1.699 190,674 190,832
US . 1.714 1.699 323,517 316,399
Type 14, GA-FL Belt
FL 1.660 1.628 25,418 31,868
GA 1.694 1.692 136,536 170,858
US 1,689 1.682 161,954 202,726
Total 11-14 1.723 1.726 1,570,961 1,563,765
Class 2, Fire-cured
Type 21, VA Belt
VA 1.526 1.615 5,437 4,146
Type 22, Eastern
District
KY : 2.131 2.187 14,406 17,006
TM : 2.152 2.176 29,827 34,729
US : 2.145 2.180 44,233 §1,735:
Type 23, Western
District
KY 2.107 2.159 15,929 19,798
TM 2.108 2.158 2,412 2,840
US 2.107 2.159 18,341 22,638
Total 21-23 2.068 2.134 68,011 78,519
Class 3, Air-cured
Class 3A, Light
Air-cured
Type 31, Burley
N 1.795 1.822 33,961 34,436
KY 1.789 1.821 819,273 907,586
MO 1.765 1.772 12,046 5,844
NC 1.772 1.759 31,896 32,204
OH 1.796 1.819 40,906 39,727
TN 1.789 1.806 188, 382 231,168
VA 1.773 1.794 44,307 48,766
Wy 1.780 1.802 6,088 6,529
US 1.788 1.815 1,176,859 1,306,260
Type 32, Southern MD
Belt
MD 1.620 1.676 20,898 19,996
PA 1,570 1.110 11,037 7,592
US 1.602 1.470 31,935 27,588
Total 31-32 1.783 1.807 1,208,794 1,333,848
See footnote at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 1993 A-16 NASS, USDA