Cr Pr 2-2 (5-00)a

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released May 12, 2000, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of Agriculture. 

For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

Winter Wheat Production Down 3 Percent

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.65 billion bushels, down 3 percent from 1999. Based on May 1

conditions, the U.S. yield is forecast at 47.5 bushels per acre, 0.3 less than last year’s record. If realized, this

would be the second highest yield on record. Record yields are forecast in Ohio and North Carolina. Grain

area totals 34.7 million acres, down 2 percent from last season. Dry conditions in Texas have led to

abnormally high abandonment.

All oranges production forecast for 1999-00 is 12.9 million tons, virtually unchanged from last month’s

forecast but 31 percent above last season’s final utilization. Florida's all orange forecast remains at

228 million boxes (10.3 million tons), the second largest utilized crop. If realized, it will be 23 percent

higher than the 186 million boxes (8.37 million tons) utilized last season. Florida’s early and midseason

variety forecast is final at 134 million boxes (6.03 million tons), 20 percent higher than last season. Their

Valencia forecast continues at 94.0 million boxes (4.23 million tons), 27 percent above last season’s final

utilization. Fruit size is above average and droppage is near a record low.

Texas orange production is forecast at 1.70 million boxes (73,000 tons), a drop of 100,000 boxes from last

month. Utilization totals for the season indicate the need to reduce the forecast since harvest is nearly

complete. If realized, it will be 19 percent larger than last season’s utilization and the largest orange crop

since the 1988-89 season when 1.85 million boxes were utilized. The California and Arizona forecasts are

carried forward from last month’s forecast.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1999-00 season remains at 1.54 gallons per

box of 42.0 degree Brix concentrate. The early and midseason portion is final at 1.48 gallons per box as

reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The late season (Valencia) orange yield is increased to

1.66 gallons per box from 1.64 last month. However, a smaller percentage of boxes are going into FCOJ this

year. Other processed products besides FCOJ are using the greater quantity.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 2 NASS, USDA

This report was approved on May 12, 2000.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Richard E. Rominger

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Frederic A. Vogel
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Almonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Avocados . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Bananas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Citrus ................................................................................7

Cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Cottonseed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Cotton - Boll Counts and Harvesting Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

Crop Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Guavas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Hay Stocks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Peaches ...............................................................................8

Potatoes, Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Reliability of Production Data in this Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Taro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Tobacco by Class and Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Tobacco by States .......................................................................9

Tobacco - Farm Marketings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

U.S. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

Weather Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 4 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1999 and Forecasted May 1, 2000

State

Planted Harvested Yield Production

2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AR

CA

CO

DE

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

MD

MI

MS

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

VA

WA

WY

Oth

 Sts 1

US

1,150

500

2,550

65

300

780

950

550

9,800

670

220

530

230

1,000

1,500

1,850

160

720

1,020

6,100

750

200

190

1,350

580

6,000

240

1,850

190

1,250

43,245

920

370

2,400

70

225

710

1,010

510

9,200

410

200

600

165

920

970

1,800

125

580

1,030

4,300

630

190

220

1,260

340

3,400

240

1,670

185

922

35,572

1,080

350

2,350

63

240

730

910

510

9,200

430

205

500

210

920

1,430

1,750

150

590

1,005

4,100

740

195

185

1,280

380

2,200

205

1,750

175

876

34,709

56.0

78.0

43.0

57.0

43.0

76.0

60.0

66.0

47.0

60.0

60.0

69.0

50.0

48.0

38.0

48.0

65.0

49.0

70.0

35.0

47.0

54.0

43.0

47.0

54.0

36.0

57.0

58.0

33.0

47.0

47.8

55.0

82.0

42.0

63.0

45.0

78.0

55.0

62.0

44.0

55.0

64.0

65.0

43.0

48.0

36.0

43.0

61.0

52.0

72.0

38.0

64.0

53.0

47.0

44.0

50.0

32.0

65.0

67.0

31.0

44.0

47.5

51,520

28,860

103,200

3,990

9,675

53,960

60,600

33,660

432,400

24,600

12,000

41,400

8,250

44,160

36,860

86,400

8,125

28,420

72,100

150,500

29,610

10,260

9,460

59,220

18,360

122,400

13,680

96,860

6,105

43,354

1,699,989

59,400

28,700

98,700

3,969

10,800

56,940

50,050

31,620

404,800

23,650

13,120

32,500

9,030

44,160

51,480

75,250

9,150

30,680

72,360

155,800

47,360

10,335

8,695

56,320

19,000

70,400

13,325

117,250

5,425

38,536

1,648,805 1 Other States include AL, AZ, FL, IA, LA, MN, NV, NJ, NM, ND, UT, WV, and WI. Individual state level estimates will be

published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary."
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 5 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted May 1, 2000 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MT

ND

Oth

 Sts 2

US

75

85

350

3,000

59

3,569

80

76

97.0

105.0

27.0

24.0

28.3

27.8

95.0

95.0

15,120

15,750

12,040

94,400

809

138,119

7,275

8,925

9,450

72,000

1,672

99,322

7,600

7,220

1 Area harvested for U.S. and northern States will be published in "Acreage" released June 30, 2000. Yield and production will be published in "Crop Production" released July 12, 2000. 2 Other States include MN and SD. Individual state level estimates will be published in the "Small Grains 2000 Summary."

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1998-99

and Forecast May 1, 2000 1

Year

Winter Spring

Hard Total

Red

Soft

Red White HardRed White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

1998

1999

2000

1,179,452

1,054,996

976,187

442,677

453,421

444,537

258,604

191,572

228,081

486,370

447,931

42,099

55,201

138,119

99,322

2,547,321

2,302,443

1 Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual

situations dictate, the previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Washington Wheat

Variety Survey indicates winter wheat is 91 percent White.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 6 NASS, USDA

Hay: Stocks on Farms by State and United States,

December 1 and May 1, 1997-00

State Dec 1 May 1

1997 1998 1999 1998 1999 2000

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

CT

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

ME

MD

MA

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NH

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

RI

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

1,646

171

2,075

1,598

2,133

69

7

436

1,045

2,743

1,327

1,213

3,374

5,609

3,615

668

152

381

92

1,993

3,647

1,530

6,239

5,042

4,549

708

49

138

479

1,998

1,162

4,069

2,387

4,444

1,600

2,299

9

410

7,888

3,184

8,764

1,658

261

1,591

1,295

848

4,320

2,129

103,044

1,213

177

1,900

3,246

2,807

77

18

357

1,000

3,329

2,100

1,775

4,500

6,500

4,922

290

196

333

101

2,093

5,261

1,500

6,933

4,568

5,170

857

72

121

450

1,990

1,189

4,064

2,558

3,042

2,159

2,800

12

415

9,500

3,175

5,496

1,695

328

1,693

1,663

949

5,100

2,372

112,066

1,472

184

1,900

2,285

2,900

47

15

550

1,245

2,617

1,600

1,316

4,700

5,800

4,006

502

138

300

84

2,110

5,450

1,350

5,997

4,448

4,900

867

65

109

595

1,900

1,090

5,291

1,830

4,200

2,245

1,700

8

410

9,500

2,655

6,568

1,540

229

1,883

1,377

524

5,900

2,480

108,882

191

34

272

420

616

16

5

65

203

520

474

327

623

889

603

103

25

55

17

414

640

198

881

1,151

1,222

151

9

20

165

344

152

744

616

919

621

452

1

82

2,031

555

2,191

435

73

250

308

110

1,271

363

21,827

141

28

260

428

966

13

8

27

209

777

543

350

1,050

1,525

913

58

56

76

40

556

1,493

200

1,387

1,104

1,306

233

17

15

170

435

163

545

581

507

135

730

2

96

2,000

635

1,450

485

116

417

410

150

1,400

611

24,817

202

27

500

381

690

8

6

80

240

257

410

290

1,150

1,400

577

91

23

65

17

1,170

1,570

135

1,445

1,011

1,500

290

11

28

185

385

255

1,430

430

1,000

128

440

1

88

3,100

607

2,627

320

60

257

165

40

3,000

725

28,817
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 7 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

1997-98, 1998-99 and Forecasted May 1, 2000 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX

 US

 Valencia

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX

 US

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL

 TX

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless

 FL 5

 Colored Seedless

 FL 6

 Other

 FL

 All

 AZ 4

 CA 4

 FL 5 6

 TX

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 4 7

 CA 4 7

 FL

 US

Lemons 4

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

K-Early Citrus

 FL

350

44,000

140,000

1,350

185,700

650

25,000

104,000

175

129,825

1,000

69,000

244,000

1,525

315,525

2,250

18,300

30,600

650

800

8,000

49,550

4,800

63,150

600

2,400

5,200

8,200

2,600

21,000

23,600

2,850

40

550

21,000

112,000

1,250

134,800

600

15,000

74,000

180

89,780

1,150

36,000

186,000

1,430

224,580

1,800

17,800

28,700

550

750

7,500

47,050

6,100

61,400

950

1,500

4,950

7,400

3,450

16,200

19,650

2,550

80

550

40,000

134,000

1,500

176,050

350

27,000

94,000

200

121,550

900

67,000

228,000

1,700

297,600

1,950

19,500

29,000

600

850

8,000

49,100

5,700

63,650

900

2,100

6,900

9,900

3,100

20,000

23,100

2,200

110

13

1,650

6,300

57

8,020

25

938

4,680

7

5,650

38

2,588

10,980

64

13,670

101

777

1,301

28

27

268

2,106

192

2,593

23

90

247

360

99

798

897

128

2

21

787

5,040

53

5,901

22

563

3,330

8

3,923

43

1,350

8,370

61

9,824

81

757

1,220

23

25

251

2,000

244

2,520

36

56

235

327

131

616

747

115

4

21

1,500

6,030

64

7,615

13

1,013

4,230

9

5,265

34

2,513

10,260

73

12,880

88

829

1,233

26

28

268

2,088

228

2,612

34

79

328

441

118

760

878

99

5 1 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early

Citrus & Temples-90; tangerines-AZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small

quantities of tangerines in TX. 4 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5 Excludes White Seedless economic abandonment of 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6 Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 8 NASS, USDA

Spring Potatoes: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1998-99 and Forecasted May 1, 2000

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000 1998 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

AL 1

AZ

CA

FL

 Hastings

 Other FL

NC 2

TX

US

1.6

9.6

19.0

28.0

21.0

7.0

16.5

9.8

84.5

11.0

18.8

24.0

17.0

7.0

17.0

9.3

80.1

175

315

400

315

330

270

200

235

300

290

355

291

300

270

200

240

281

221

2,268

6,198

7,358

5,758

1,600

3,325

1,751

21,121

280

3,024

7,600

8,820

6,930

1,890

3,300

2,303

25,327

3,190

6,674

6,990

5,100

1,890

3,400

2,232

22,486 1 Alabama spring potatoes combined with summer in 2000. 2 North Carolina summer potatoes included with spring in 2000.

Peaches: Total Production by Crop, California,

1998-1999 and Forecasted May 1, 2000

State

Total Production

1998 1999 2000

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

Freestone

Clingstone 1

Total

681.0

1,045.0

1,726.0

755.0

1,059.0

1,814.0

800.0

1,100.0

1,900.0 1 CA Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.

Almonds (shelled basis): Utilized Production,

California, 1998-99 and Forecasted May 1, 2000

State

Utilized Production

1998 1999 2000

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CA 520,000 830,000 675,000
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 9 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, Production, Price, and Value

by State and United States, 1998-99 1

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

CT

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

US

2,815

6,800

41,000

8,500

226,260

6,500

1,265

2,700

251,100

9,800

7,800

45,000

59,415

45,000

1,600

2,050

717,605

3,040

5,800

33,000

6,500

221,650

6,500

1,320

2,300

207,800

9,800

6,200

39,000

63,170

38,300

1,600

1,180

647,160

1,519

2,515

2,200

2,000

1,961

1,400

1,413

2,130

2,197

1,830

2,015

2,050

1,870

2,131

1,350

2,063

2,062

1,799

2,640

1,940

1,800

1,843

1,400

1,763

2,015

2,161

1,740

1,802

2,000

1,941

2,320

1,350

2,388

1,997

4,276

17,102

90,200

17,000

443,628

9,100

1,788

5,751

551,730

17,934

15,720

92,250

111,100

95,898

2,160

4,230

1,479,867

5,470

15,312

64,020

11,700

408,492

9,100

2,327

4,635

448,980

17,052

11,170

78,000

122,601

88,855

2,160

2,818

1,292,692

Price

per Pound

Value of

Production

1998 1999 1998 1999

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CT 2

FL

GA

IN

KY

MD

MA 2

MO

NC

OH

PA

SC

TN

VA

WV

WI

US

5.400

1.697

1.707

1.897

1.917

1.630

5.670

1.905

1.771

1.904

1.101

1.711

1.963

1.816

1.915

1.498

1.828

4.500

1.730

1.685

1.890

1.920

1.660

5.100

1.879

1.754

1.912

1.065

1.691

1.955

1.801

1.900

1.490

1.828

12,398

29,022

153,971

32,249

850,470

14,833

7,581

10,956

977,267

34,146

17,301

157,840

218,097

174,193

4,136

6,335

2,700,795

11,363

26,490

107,874

22,113

784,498

15,106

8,384

8,709

787,381

32,603

11,896

131,898

239,651

160,036

4,104

4,198

2,356,304 1 1999 revised. 2 CT and MA type 61 price and value not published to avoid disclosure; not included in U.S. total.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 10 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 1998 - 1999 1

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

69,000

33,000

102,000

143,000

31,000

45,000

76,000

6,800

41,000

47,800

368,800

1,500

3,850

7,300

11,150

3,600

590

4,190

16,840

8,500

215,000

2,700

8,100

9,800

51,000

10,400

1,600

307,100

6,500

3,300

9,800

316,900

55,000

26,000

81,000

119,000

26,000

39,000

65,000

5,800

33,000

38,800

303,800

1,600

3,750

7,000

10,750

3,500

570

4,070

16,420

6,500

210,000

2,300

7,800

9,800

55,000

10,600

1,600

303,600

6,500

3,000

9,500

313,100

2,285

2,220

2,264

2,240

2,000

2,050

2,030

2,515

2,200

2,245

2,204

1,560

2,315

2,330

2,325

2,805

2,500

2,762

2,365

2,000

1,935

2,130

1,450

1,830

1,795

1,940

1,350

1,896

1,400

1,900

1,568

1,886

2,400

2,420

2,406

2,100

2,100

2,000

2,040

2,640

1,940

2,045

2,162

1,670

2,350

2,280

2,304

2,630

2,500

2,612

2,319

1,800

1,810

2,015

1,600

1,740

1,890

2,180

1,350

1,829

1,400

1,750

1,511

1,819

157,665

73,260

230,925

320,320

62,000

92,250

154,250

17,102

90,200

107,302

812,797

2,340

8,913

17,009

25,922

10,098

1,475

11,573

39,835

17,000

416,025

5,751

11,745

17,934

91,545

20,176

2,160

582,336

9,100

6,270

15,370

597,706

132,000

62,920

194,920

249,900

54,600

78,000

132,600

15,312

64,020

79,332

656,752

2,672

8,813

15,960

24,773

9,205

1,425

10,630

38,075

11,700

380,100

4,635

12,480

17,052

103,950

23,108

2,160

555,185

9,100

5,250

14,350

569,535

See footnotes at end of table.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 11 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 1998-99 1

 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

1998 1999 1998 1999

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

Class 2, Fire-cured

 Type 21, VA Belt

 VA

 Type 22, Eastern

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 23, Western

 District

 KY

 TN

 US

 Total 21-23

Class 3, Air-cured

 Class 3A, Light

 Air-cured

 Type 31, Burley

 IN

 KY

 MO

 NC

 OH

 TN

 VA

 WV

 US

 Type 32, Southern MD

 Belt

 MD

 PA

 US

 Total 31-32

1.780

1.792

1.784

1.773

1.716

1.711

1.713

1.697

1.707

1.705

1.756

1.936

2.259

2.251

2.254

2.159

2.159

2.159

2.208

1.897

1.903

1.905

1.899

1.904

1.907

1.892

1.915

1.903

1.630

0.800

1.291

1.887

1.760

1.766

1.762

1.750

1.720

1.691

1.703

1.730

1.685

1.694

1.737

1.819

2.312

2.314

2.313

2.260

2.271

2.261

2.264

1.890

1.900

1.879

1.909

1.912

1.894

1.896

1.900

1.899

1.660

0.800

1.345

1.885

280,644

131,282

411,926

567,927

106,392

157,840

264,232

29,022

153,971

182,993

1,427,078

4,530

20,134

38,287

58,421

21,802

3,185

24,987

87,938

32,249

791,696

10,956

22,304

34,146

174,576

38,173

4,136

1,108,236

14,833

5,016

19,849

1,128,085

232,320

111,117

343,437

437,325

93,912

131,898

225,810

26,490

107,874

134,364

1,140,936

4,860

20,376

36,931

57,307

20,803

3,236

24,039

86,206

22,113

722,190

8,709

23,824

32,603

196,881

43,813

4,104

1,054,237

15,106

4,200

19,306

1,073,543

See footnotes at end of table.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 12 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 1998 - 1999 1

 (continued)

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT

 MA

 US

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-61

All Tobacco

2,450

525

2,975

1,360

100

4,435

4,500

1,435

925

2,360

1,500

550

2,050

4,410

1,380

340

1,720

10,630

717,605

2,850

600

3,450

1,550

100

5,100

3,200

1,530

970

2,500

890

290

1,180

3,680

1,510

350

1,860

8,740

647,160

2,280

2,040

2,238

2,210

1,220

2,206

2,100

1,600

1,445

1,539

2,180

1,745

2,063

1,783

1,435

1,325

1,413

1,857

2,062

2,370

2,110

2,325

2,335

1,550

2,313

1,850

1,650

1,695

1,668

2,530

1,952

2,388

1,899

1,950

1,951

1,951

1,892

1,997

5,586

1,071

6,657

3,006

122

9,785

9,450

2,296

1,337

3,633

3,270

960

4,230

7,863

1,980

451

2,431

19,744

1,479,867

6,755

1,266

8,021

3,619

155

11,795

5,920

2,525

1,644

4,169

2,252

566

2,818

6,987

2,945

683

3,628

16,535

1,292,692

See footnotes at end of table.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 13 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Price and Value by Class, Type, State,

and United States, 1998-99 1

 (continued)

Class and Type

Price per

Pound

Value of

Production

1998 1999 1998 1999

Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

Class 3, Air-cured

Class 3B, Dark

 Air-cured

 Type 35, One Sucker

 Belt

 KY

 TN

 US

 Type 36, Green River

 Belt

 KY

 Type 37, VA Sun-cured

 Belt

 VA

 Total 35-37

Class 4, Cigar Filler

 Type 41, PA Seedleaf

 PA

Class 5, Cigar Binder

 Class 5A, CT Valley

 Binder

 Type 51, CT Valley

 Broadleaf

 CT

 MA

 US

 Class 5B, WI Binder

 Type 54, Southern WI

 WI

 Type 55, Northern WI

 WI

 Total 54-55

 Total 51-55

Class 6, Cigar Wrapper

 Type 61, CT Valley

 Shade-grown

 CT 2

 MA 2

 US 2

All Cigar Types

 Total 41-55

All Tobacco

1.952

1.913

1.946

1.974

1.709

1.951

1.300

5.400

5.670

5.499

1.500

1.490

1.498

3.347

2.229

1.828

2.066

2.056

2.064

1.982

1.590

2.033

1.300

4.500

5.100

4.737

1.490

1.490

1.490

3.427

2.451

1.828

10,904

2,049

12,953

5,934

208

19,095

12,285

12,398

7,581

19,979

4,905

1,430

6,335

26,314

38,599

2,700,795

13,956

2,603

16,559

7,173

246

23,978

7,696

11,363

8,384

19,747

3,355

843

4,198

23,945

31,641

2,356,304 1 1999 revised. 2 CT and MA Shade type 61 price and value not published to avoid disclosure; not included in U.S. total.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 14 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Farm Marketings, Percent of Sales by Class,

Month, and State, 1999 Marketing Year

Class

and

State

1999 2000

Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr Total

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

Flue-cured

 FL

 GA

 NC

 SC

 VA

Fire-cured

 VA

 KY

 TN

Air-cured

 IN

 KY

 MD

 MO

 NC

 OH

 PA 1

 TN

 VA

 WV 1

7

6

45

33

31

31

32

30

33

28

30

26

15

23

21

22

20

3

5

20

17

22

9

8

10

16

10

13

11

12

72

40

49

33

58

34

61

61

19

45

25

38

29

47

32

37

26

27

36

44

13

11

4

16

2

18

31

1

1

61

1

39

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

1 Sales by month are not available.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 15 NASS, USDA

Avocados: Bearing Acreage, Yield, Production, Price,

and Value, by State and United States, 1998-00

Year Bearing

Acreage 1

Yield

per

Acre

Production Utilization

Total Utilized Fresh Processed

Acres Tons Tons Tons Tons Tons

CA

 1998-99 2

 1999-00 2

FL

 1998-99

 1999-00

HI

 1998-99

 1999-00

US

 1998-99

 1999-00

59,400

59,000

6,000

5,900

240

230

65,640

65,130

2.29

2.69

3.83

3.73

1.04

1.30

2.43

2.78

136,000

159,000

23,000

22,000

250

300

159,250

181,300

136,000

159,000

23,000

22,000

250

300

159,250

181,300

136,000

159,000

23,000

22,000

250

300

159,250

181,300

Price per Ton Value of Production

Fresh Processed All Fresh Processed All

Dollars Dollars Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars 1,000 Dollars

CA

 1998-99

 1999-00

FL

 1998-99

 1999-00

HI

 1998-99

 1999-00

US

 1998-99

 1999-00

2,400.00

2,360.00

716.00

748.00

1,040.00

1,200.00

2,160.00

2,160.00

2,400.00

2,360.00

716.00

748.00

1,040.00

1,200.00

2,160.00

2,160.00

327,002

375,413

16,468

16,456

260

360

343,730

392,229

327,002

375,413

16,468

16,456

260

360

343,730

392,229 1 Bearing acreage estimates are based on periodic orchard inventory surveys. 2 Small quantities of processed avocadoes are included in fresh to avoid disclosure of individual operations.

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1999-00

Month

Area Fresh Production

Total in Crop Harvested 1999 2000

1999 2000 1999 2000

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Mar

Apr

3,735

3,750

3,040

3,040

2,100

2,145

1,580

1,590

3,155

3,260

4,195

4,665

Bananas, Guavas, Papayas, and Taro: Area Harvested, Yield,

and Production, Hawaii, 1998-99

Crop

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Bananas 1 2

Guavas 2

Papayas 1 2

Taro 1 3

1,420

710

2,120

490

1,420

630

1,940

500

14.8

20.6

18.8

17.3

17.0

21.9

21,000

14,600

39,900

6,000

24,500

10,700

42,400

6,800 1 1999 revised. 2 Only utilized production is estimated. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres. Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 16 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Area Planted and Harvested and Yield

by Type, State, and United States, 1998-99 1

Type

and

State

Area

Planted

Area

Harvested Yield

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Pounds Pounds

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL

 GA

 KS

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

495.0

250.0

920.0

650.0

89.0

1,370.0

17.0

535.0

950.0

370.0

66.3

710.0

160.0

290.0

450.0

5,650.0

92.0

13,064.3

15.9

200.0

7.3

105.0

328.2

495.0

265.9

920.0

850.0

89.0

1,370.0

17.0

535.0

950.0

370.0

73.6

710.0

160.0

290.0

450.0

5,755.0

92.0

13,392.5

565.0

270.0

970.0

610.0

107.0

1,470.0

33.0

615.0

1,200.0

380.0

84.0

880.0

240.0

330.0

570.0

6,150.0

110.0

14,584.0

9.0

240.0

7.5

33.0

289.5

565.0

279.0

970.0

850.0

107.0

1,470.0

33.0

615.0

1,200.0

380.0

91.5

880.0

240.0

330.0

570.0

6,183.0

110.0

14,873.5

475.0

248.0

900.0

620.0

80.0

1,280.0

16.5

525.0

940.0

357.0

60.3

705.0

120.0

286.0

445.0

3,300.0

91.0

10,448.8

15.5

180.0

7.3

32.0

234.8

475.0

263.5

900.0

800.0

80.0

1,280.0

16.5

525.0

940.0

357.0

67.6

705.0

120.0

286.0

445.0

3,332.0

91.0

10,683.6

561.0

269.0

960.0

605.0

106.0

1,300.0

28.0

610.0

1,180.0

377.0

79.0

825.0

150.0

315.0

565.0

5,100.0

108.0

13,138.0

8.9

239.0

7.0

32.0

286.9

561.0

277.9

960.0

844.0

106.0

1,300.0

28.0

610.0

1,180.0

377.0

86.0

825.0

150.0

315.0

565.0

5,132.0

108.0

13,424.9

559

1,177

645

887

489

578

404

586

737

471

640

699

560

587

589

524

765

619

830

941

658

791

904

559

1,156

645

899

489

578

404

586

737

471

642

699

560

587

589

526

765

625

535

1,278

714

1,254

516

579

375

709

704

601

662

475

461

428

505

475

635

595

879

1,210

734

669

1,128

535

1,265

714

1,241

516

579

375

709

704

601

668

475

461

428

505

477

635

607 1 1999 revised.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 17 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Production and Bales Ginned by Type,

State, and United States, 1998-99

Type

and

State

Production in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 1

Lintseed

Ratio 2

Bales Ginned in

480-lb Net Weight

Bales 3

1998 1999 4 1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 Bales 1,000 Bales Bales Bales

Upland

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL 5

 GA

 KS 5

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

Amer-Pima

 AZ

 CA

 NM

 TX

 US

All

 AL

 AZ

 AR

 CA

 FL 5

 GA

 KS 5

 LA

 MS

 MO

 NM

 NC

 OK

 SC

 TN

 TX

 VA

 US

553.0

608.0

1,209.0

1,146.0

81.5

1,542.0

13.9

641.0

1,444.0

350.0

80.4

1,026.0

140.0

350.0

546.0

3,600.0

145.1

13,475.9

26.8

352.8

10.0

52.7

442.3

553.0

634.8

1,209.0

1,498.8

81.5

1,542.0

13.9

641.0

1,444.0

350.0

90.4

1,026.0

140.0

350.0

546.0

3,652.7

145.1

13,918.2

625.0

716.0

1,428.0

1,580.0

114.0

1,567.0

21.9

901.0

1,731.0

472.0

109.0

816.0

144.0

281.0

595.0

5,050.0

142.8

16,293.7

16.3

602.7

10.7

44.6

674.3

625.0

732.3

1,428.0

2,182.7

114.0

1,567.0

21.9

901.0

1,731.0

472.0

119.7

816.0

144.0

281.0

595.0

5,094.6

142.8

16,968.0

0.383

0.398

0.391

0.382

0.373

0.383

0.398

0.396

0.383

0.376

555,000

591,400

1,191,650

1,162,450

1,564,150

665,650

1,435,050

343,150

63,600

1,039,000

142,300

342,200

543,400

3,616,950

135,400

13,470,100

26,750

352,750

6,900

55,750

442,150

555,000

618,150

1,191,650

1,515,200

1,564,150

665,650

1,435,050

343,150

70,500

1,039,000

142,300

342,200

543,400

3,672,700

135,400

13,912,250

644,700

695,750

1,410,300

1,600,100

1,570,700

932,350

1,716,800

457,950

53,050

828,150

143,000

271,750

590,450

5,111,750

135,700

16,291,750

16,600

602,450

6,550

48,850

674,450

644,700

712,350

1,410,300

2,202,550

1,570,700

932,350

1,716,800

457,950

59,600

828,150

143,000

271,750

590,450

5,160,600

135,700

16,966,200 1 Production ginned and to be ginned. 2 Estimates available only for the five States shown. Three-year average. 3 Equivalent 480-lb net weight bales ginned, not adjusted for cross-State movement. 4 1999 revised. 5 Bales withheld to avoid disclosure of individual gins, but are included in U.S. totals.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 18 NASS, USDA

Cottonseed: Production and Farm Disposition

by State and United States, 1998-99 1

State

Production

Farm Disposition Used for

Planting Sales to 3

Oil Mills Other 2

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999 1999 2000

1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

AL

AZ

AR

CA

FL

GA

KS

LA

MS

MO

NM

NC

OK

SC

TN

TX

VA

US

192.0

288.0

478.0

544.0

26.0

526.0

5.8

236.0

561.0

135.0

32.6

351.0

54.0

122.0

205.0

1,558.0

51.0

5,365.4

225.0

275.0

552.0

799.0

36.0

546.0

8.0

331.0

667.0

175.0

50.5

278.0

52.0

100.0

223.0

1,987.0

49.0

6,353.5

67.0

52.0

422.0

84.0

14.0

229.0

5.6

134.0

543.0

121.0

4.5

88.0

47.0

69.0

154.0

1,227.0

0.0

3,261.1

78.0

16.0

441.0

86.0

26.0

379.0

8.0

165.0

612.0

102.0

2.2

44.0

50.0

60.0

155.0

1,115.0

1.0

3,340.2

125.0

236.0

56.0

460.0

12.0

297.0

0.2

102.0

18.0

14.0

28.1

263.0

7.0

53.0

51.0

331.0

51.0

2,104.3

147.0

259.0

111.0

713.0

10.0

167.0

0.0

166.0

55.0

73.0

48.3

234.0

2.0

40.0

68.0

872.0

48.0

3,013.3

6.5

2.5

9.2

7.3

1.2

18.0

0.3

5.5

12.0

4.0

0.9

7.9

2.7

2.3

4.0

62.4

1.0

147.7

6.9

2.6

9.5

8.3

1.4

18.0

0.4

6.2

13.0

4.2

0.9

8.5

3.1

2.5

4.2

63.3

1.0

154.0 1 1998 crop revised, 1999 crop preliminary. 2 Includes planting seed, feed, exports, inter-farm sales, shrinkage, losses, and other uses. 3 Included in "other" farm disposition. Planting seed from previous years’ crop.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 19 NASS, USDA

Cotton: Cumulative Boll Counts

The National Agricultural Statistics Service conducted Objective Yield surveys in 12 cotton producing States

during 1999. Randomly selected plots of cotton fields were visited monthly from August through harvest to

obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey for

5 States which accounted for over 65 percent of the 1999 U.S. Upland cotton production. The remaining

7 States are new to the Objective Yield survey and do not have 3 years of historical counts available. The

“large bolls” are total bolls counted from August through harvest. This count includes only bolls greater than

one inch in diameter and burrs.

Cotton: Cumulative Large Bolls and Harvesting Loss

by State, 1990-99

Year

Arkansas California

Large Bolls 1 Harvest

Loss

per Acre

Large Bolls 1 HarvestLoss

per Acre

Number Pounds Number Pounds

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

669

782

817

753

812

689

741

811

640

689

74

89

73

105

83

66

64

101

122

71

843

814

819

839

806

680

744

697

655

776

131

110

116

122

133

105

165

103

180

103

Louisiana Mississippi

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

888

770

875

661

748

615

607

643

600

728

78

68

60

65

75

49

52

45

75

93

693

726

708

608

760

607

729

833

821

766

93

90

84

76

99

78

82

76

84

94

Texas

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

489

430

489

489

486

415

498

458

482

456

39

41

53

36

41

36

39

27

37

41 1 Total large bolls in 40 feet of row.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 20 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

5,223.0

77,431.0

4,670.0

600.0

3,581.0

1,582.0

9,288.0

62,814.0

43,431.0

4,035.0

15,348.0

1,076.0

387.0

60.8

1,534.5

4.6

275.0

73,780.0

3,553.0

14,873.5

14,584.0

289.5

1,562.7

6.1

2,023.0

281.6

182.0

1,376.7

18.1

86.8

68.8

1,203.0

93.3

5,733.0

77,881.0

4,351.0

3,395.0

8,979.0

61,664.0

43,245.0

3,610.0

14,809.0

1,516.0

1,474.0

74,871.0

3,047.0

15,558.0

15,341.0

217.0

1,577.5

1,836.7

17.2

82.1

93.7

4,758.0

70,537.0

6,062.0

63,160.0

23,985.0

39,175.0

2,453.0

540.0

3,562.0

383.0

8,544.0

320.0

53,909.0

35,572.0

3,569.0

14,768.0

1,044.0

382.0

58.8

1,436.0

4.4

262.0

72,476.0

3,441.0

13,424.9

13,138.0

286.9

1,527.1

991.2

647.2

4.4

1,877.0

263.6

174.5

6.4

0.4

34.3

106.3

1,332.3

17.8

84.5

63.9

1,166.1

24.4

82.9

0.5

63,052.0

2,473.0

34,709.0

500.7

17.0

80.1

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2000 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 21 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

Bu

"

Ton

"

"

"

Bu

"

Cwt

Bu

"

Ton

Bu

"

"

"

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

"

"

"

Bu

Lb

Bale

"

"

Ton

"

Lb

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

Cwt

Lb

59.2

133.8

15.9

2.52

3.50

1.92

59.6

33.2

5,908

28.7

69.7

11.6

42.7

47.8

27.8

34.1

1,306

20.6

816

2,667

1,155

1,545

36.5

1,262

607

595

1,128

21.8

35.9

1,997

1,364

1,770

1,908

1,368

1,640

46,000

1,881

71

359

229

300

295

369

101

145

47.5

278

281

281,853

9,437,337

96,169

159,077

83,924

75,153

146,218

17,910

210,458

10,993

595,166

3,716

2,302,443

1,699,989

99,322

503,132

1,363,680

6,354

7,880

48,010

3,829,490

5,080

404,715

2,642,908

4,341,862

16,968.0

16,293.7

674.3

33,319

35,551

1,292,692

60

33,230

5,030

2,387

658

10,500

16,100

64,456

7,537

478,109

4,070

25,327

18,865

429,847

2,454

11,980

6,800

1,648,805

4,720

22,486

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2000 crop year. 2 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 22 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

1998 1999 2000

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

"

"

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Lb

Ton

"

Lb

1,000 Lbs

Ton

"

"

Lb

Ton

Lb

"

Ton

Gal

2,593

2

897

13,670

128

360

101

11,648.4

118.5

21,000.0

5,820.0

90.0

39,900.0

2,401.3

955.1

108.0

25.6

520,000

15.5

146,400

188,000

227.0

1,159

2,520

4

747

9,824

115

327

81

10,741.3

90.8

24,500.0

6,169.4

145.0

42,400.0

2,521.4

981.6

178.0

22.9

830,000

38.0

341,700

123,000

283.0

1,180

2,612

5

878

12,880

99

441

95

675,000

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2000 crop year. 2 Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 23 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1999-00

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1999 2000 1999 2000

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4/

2,113,700

31,335,550

1,889,900

242,810

1,449,190

640,220

3,758,760

25,420,200

17,576,090

1,632,920

6,211,180

435,450

156,620

24,610

621,000

1,860

111,290

29,858,030

1,437,860

6,019,160

5,902,000

117,160

632,410

2,470

818,690

113,960

73,650

557,140

7,320

35,130

27,840

486,840

37,760

2,320,090

31,517,660

1,760,810

1,373,920

3,633,710

24,954,800

17,500,820

1,460,930

5,993,050

613,510

596,510

30,299,540

1,233,090

6,296,170

6,208,350

87,820

638,400

743,290

6,960

33,230

37,920

1,925,520

28,545,620

2,453,230

25,560,220

9,706,490

15,853,730

992,700

218,530

1,441,510

155,000

3,457,670

129,500

21,816,430

14,395,630

1,444,340

5,976,460

422,500

154,590

23,800

581,130

1,780

106,030

29,330,310

1,392,540

5,432,920

5,316,820

116,110

618,000

401,130

261,900

1,780

759,600

106,680

70,620

2,590

140

13,860

43,020

539,170

7,200

34,200

25,860

471,910

9,870

33,550

200

25,516,510

1,000,800

14,046,390

202,630

6,880

32,420

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2000 crop year. 2 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not

harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 24 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1999-00

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

1999 2000 1999 2000

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Proso Millet

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

3.19

8.40

35.56

5.65

7.84

4.30

2.14

1.86

6.62

1.80

4.37

26.03

2.87

3.21

1.87

2.29

1.46

1.29

0.92

2.99

1.29

1.73

2.45

1.41

0.68

0.67

1.26

48.91

80.40

2.24

1.53

1.98

2.14

1.53

1.84

51.56

2.11

0.08

40.22

25.63

33.59

33.09

41.32

0.11

16.20

3.19

31.12

31.46

6,136,620

239,719,400

87,243,050

144,312,230

76,134,570

68,177,650

2,122,350

406,190

9,546,210

279,240

15,117,910

3,371,100

62,662,230

46,266,120

2,703,100

13,693,010

618,550

5,763,800

200,160

21,780

1,737,030

2,300

183,580

71,928,170

1,969,440

3,694,350

3,547,540

146,810

30,226,490

32,251,320

586,360

2,720

1,507,290

228,160

108,270

29,850

4,760

7,300

29,240

3,420

21,686,660

184,610

1,148,810

855,700

19,497,530

1,110

543,400

3,080

44,873,120

214,100

1,019,950

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2000 crop year. 2 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 25 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1998-00

(Metric Units)

Crop

Production

1998 1999 2000

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

2,352,330

1,810

813,740

12,401,220

116,120

326,590

91,630

5,283,630

107,500

9,530

5,279,770

81,650

18,100

1,089,210

866,490

97,980

23,220

235,870

14,060

66,410

85,280

205,930

5,790

2,286,110

3,630

677,670

8,912,180

104,330

296,650

73,480

4,872,170

82,370

11,110

5,596,810

131,540

19,230

1,143,690

890,450

161,480

20,770

376,480

34,470

154,990

55,790

256,730

5,900

2,369,570

4,540

796,510

11,684,540

89,810

400,070

79,830

306,170

1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the

full 2000 crop year. 2 Production years are 1997-98, 1998-99, and 1999-00.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 26 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 27 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 28 NASS, USDA

April Weather Summary

Much-needed rain boosted topsoil moisture in the eastern Corn Belt, but dryness continued to intensify in the

western Corn Belt, especially from Minnesota southward into Missouri. Meanwhile, heavy rainfall eased or

erased drought from eastern Texas to the interior Southeast and central Appalachians, but long-term moisture

deficits continued to mount across the lower Southeast, especially in southern Georgia and northern Florida. 

Variable amounts of rain fell on the Plains, maintaining generally favorable topsoil moisture levels in key

winter wheat areas. Rainfall was particularly welcomed in Oklahoma and across the central and northern

High Plains. In contrast, most of southern and western Texas remained extremely dry. Following beneficial

March precipitation, dry weather returned to the Southwest. Farther west, mid-month storminess elevated

monthly precipitation totals well above normal in much of California and the Northwest. Frequent,

occasionally heavy precipitation soaked the Northeast.

Cooler-than-normal weather prevailed across the eastern half of the Nation, ending a 5-month warm spell. 

However, very warm weather dominated areas from the High Plains to the West Coast. Monthly temperatures

averaged as much as 4 degrees F below normal in the Southeast, but ranged from 2 to 8 degrees F above

normal in the Southwest. In the transition zone, from the Plains and Midwest into the Northeast, near-normal

monthly temperatures were belied by rapid day-to-day fluctuations. The month’s most significant cold snaps

reached winter wheat areas of the central Plains on April 4, 8, and 16, and portions of the interior Southeast

on April 5 and 9.

April Crop Summary

As the month began, fieldwork progressed with few delays in the Great Plains and most of the Corn Belt. 

However, a broad band of precipitation from eastern Texas to New England delayed fieldwork in the

southeastern Corn Belt and most of the Appalachians and Piedmont. Parts of the lower Mississippi, Ohio,

and Tennessee Valleys, and adjacent areas of the Southeast and western Gulf Coast also experienced

modest-to-significant rain delays. Corn planting accelerated in the southern Corn Belt, advancing to 26

percent complete in Missouri by April 9, mostly due to rapid progress in the Bootheel. In Kentucky and

Tennessee, corn planting progressed more than 10 percentage points during the week ended April 9, but

progress was limited due to rain.

Dry weather aided small grain seeding across the northern Corn Belt, northern Great Plains, and Pacific

Northwest early in the month. In Nebraska and Iowa, growers planted more than three-fourths of their

intended oat acreage by April 9. Barley and spring wheat plantings were active in the Pacific Northwest and

most of the northern Great Plains. Cotton planting rapidly progressed in the Southwest due to dry weather

and above-normal temperatures. By April 9, California growers had more than one-third of their cotton

planted and more than one-fourth of the Arizona cotton was planted. Planting began in the Southeast, but wet

weather limited progress in Alabama and prevented planting in the lower Mississippi Valley.

Below-normal temperatures briefly slowed winter wheat growth in the southern Great Plains, but

development remained ahead of normal in most areas. In Texas, winter wheat was 20 percent headed on

April 9, double the normal pace of 10 percent. In Oklahoma, 89 percent was jointing and 10 percent was

headed, compared with the normal progress of 78 percent jointed and 3 percent headed. Wheat acreage in

Kansas and Colorado was 60 and 23 percent jointed respectively, well ahead of the April 9 average for both

States. Rice planting was more than 50 percent complete in Texas and Louisiana on April 9, but rain delayed

planting in inland areas of the Mississippi Delta.

As mid-month approached, below normal temperatures slowed winter wheat development and hindered

emergence of other small grains for several days in the northern Great Plains and eastern Corn Belt. 

However, the Nation’s winter wheat crop remained one week ahead of normal for mid-April. Acreage

heading progressed to 50 percent in Arkansas, 40 percent in North Carolina, 37 percent in Texas, and 27

percent in Oklahoma by April 16. Above-normal temperatures accelerated winter wheat and small grain

development in the Southwest and Pacific Northwest. Eighty-five percent of the California winter wheat was

at or beyond the heading stage on April 16, nearly double the previous week. In Washington and Idaho,

spring wheat and barley emergence was slightly ahead of normal. Nearly one-third of the spring wheat was

emerged in Washington on April 16.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 29 NASS, USDA

Snow and rain delayed fieldwork in parts of the northern Great Plains and upper Mississippi Valley near

mid-month. However, field preparations and planting gained momentum near the Ohio and Missouri River

Valleys in the southern Corn Belt. On April 16, fifty three percent of the corn was planted in Missouri, more

than 3 weeks ahead of the 5-year average and the most advanced progress on record for that date. Planting

also rapidly advanced in Kansas, Kentucky, Tennessee, and the southern half of Illinois during the week

ended April 16. Some early-planted fields in southern Texas progressed to the reproductive phase by

mid-April.

Rain and below-normal temperatures hindered planting in the southern Great Plains, lower Mississippi

Valley, and Southeast near mid-month. On April 16, cotton planting lagged behind normal in Alabama,

Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. However, progress

remained slightly ahead of normal in Texas and South Carolina. Rice planting remained active in Louisiana

and Texas, but wet soils hindered planting in inland areas of the Mississippi Delta. In Mississippi, only

3 percent of the acreage was planted on April 16, compared with the 34-percent average for that date.

Dry weather continued to aid fieldwork across most of the Nation after mid-month, although heavy rain

temporarily halted fieldwork in the central Corn Belt and around the Great Lakes. Planting accelerated in the

southern Corn Belt, lower Mississippi Valley, Great Plains, and Southeast. In Missouri, 77 percent of the

corn was planted by April 23, far ahead of the 29-percent average. In southern Illinois, Kentucky, and

Tennessee, rain delays were brief and by April 23, planting was over 50 percent complete in many areas. 

Mostly dry weather aided progress in Kansas and North Carolina, but heavy rain slowed progress in parts of

Ohio and Pennsylvania.

Dry soils and strong winds continued to hinder planting in parts of the southern Great Plains, eastern Gulf

Coast, and Atlantic Coastal Plains after mid-April. Meanwhile, lingering wetness limited progress in interior

areas of the Southeast and Mississippi Delta. By April 23, cotton planting fell behind normal in Texas and

remained behind normal through most of the lower Mississippi Valley and Southeast. Rice planting

accelerated in Mississippi, as soils gradually dried following heavy mid-month rainfall, although progress

remained far behind normal on April 23.

Planting and fieldwork remained active in the northern Great Plains, Pacific Northwest, and Southwest, with

only minor rain delays in the California valleys. On April 23, cotton and rice plantings were ahead of the

5-year average in California. Meanwhile, spring wheat and barley seeding were well ahead of normal in

Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Washington, and Idaho. Spring wheat planting was also far ahead of

normal in South Dakota. Seasonal temperatures and mostly adequate moisture aided rapid small grain

emergence in the northern Great Plains and Pacific Northwest. 

Mostly seasonal temperatures aided winter wheat development in the lower Mississippi Valley, Southeast, and

a large portion of the Great Plains after mid month. Twenty percent of the crop was at the heading stage or

beyond by April 23, one week ahead of the 5-year average. Mostly adequate soil moisture supplies aided crop

development in the central Great Plains and Corn Belt. However, conditions deteriorated in parts of the

northern and southern High Plains due to increasing moisture shortages.

During the final week of April, planting quickly progressed in the western Corn Belt, Great Plains, lower

Mississippi Valley, and parts of the Southeast. With most of the pre-planting field preparations complete,

growers in Iowa and Minnesota planted well over 50 percent of their corn acreage during the week ended

April 30. Cotton planting advanced 30 percentage points or more in Louisiana and Missouri, while rice

planting accelerated in Arkansas and Mississippi. Planting progress was more modest in the central and

eastern Corn Belt during the last week of April. Growers in Illinois and Indiana planted about a quarter of

their corn acreage. Cool weather and lingering wetness limited corn planting in Michigan and Ohio late in the

month, while rain delayed progress in Pennsylvania. 

In the upper Mississippi Valley, northern Great Plains, and Pacific Northwest, mostly dry weather aided small

grain seeding and above-normal temperatures promoted germination where topsoil moisture supplies were

adequate. Spring wheat and barley plantings were more than one week ahead of normal in Minnesota, North

Dakota, Washington, and Idaho on April 30. Spring wheat seeding remained far ahead of normal in South

Dakota. Dry soils hindered small grain emergence in Montana, but light showers provided moisture to

germinate seeds in Minnesota and North and South Dakota. 

On April 30, one-third of the winter wheat crop was at the heading stage or beyond, nearly one week ahead

of the average. Development rapidly continued in the lower Mississippi Valley and Southeast, despite
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 30 NASS, USDA

cooler-than-normal temperatures. By April 30, wheat headed in North Carolina and Oklahoma was 80 and

76 percent, respectively, and nearly all of the crop was headed in Arkansas. Wheat fields in the Corn Belt and

central Great Plains also quickly progressed to the heading stage. Warm weather promoted maturing in

California, while above-normal temperatures promoted rapid development in the northern Great Plains,

although no fields were heading on April 30.

Rice planting accelerated in Arkansas and Mississippi during the last week of April, but remained well behind

normal in Mississippi due to lingering wetness and below-normal temperatures. The planting pace slowed in

Louisiana and Texas, as progress neared completion. On April 30, thirty one percent of the crop was

emerged, slightly ahead of the average for this date. Sorghum planting, at 23 percent, was also slightly ahead

of the average for the end of April, as planting accelerated in the Mississippi Delta and southern Corn Belt

during the last week of the month. In Missouri, planting was about 3 weeks ahead of normal and the most

advanced progress on record for April 30. Planting began in Illinois and the central Great Plains.

Seventy nine percent of the sugarbeets and 6 percent of the peanuts were planted by the end of April. Beet

planting rapidly progressed in Minnesota and North Dakota. Peanut planting lagged behind normal in

Alabama and Georgia due to moisture shortages, while wet soils delayed planting in North Carolina and

Virginia.

Winter Wheat: Harvested grain acreage for 2000 is forecast at 34.7 million acres, down 2 percent from

1999. If realized, this will be the smallest winter wheat area since 1971. Hard Red Winter (HRW) area is

down 4 percent from a year ago with Texas accounting for about 1.2 million acres of the HRW drop. White

wheat acres are up 6 percent, with Michigan the only major White state not showing an increase. Soft Red

Winter (SRW) acreage is virtually unchanged from last year. 

Good or better condition ratings of winter wheat on April 30 at 60 percent was 13 percentage points below

1999. The Texas condition rating was only 12 percent good to excellent for the same period.

Crop progress was slightly ahead of the average at the beginning of April. By the first week in May,

development was about a week ahead of normal progress with 51 percent of winter wheat headed compared

with 34 percent for the 5-year average. Forty percent of the Kansas crop was headed but only 1 percent was

headed in Nebraska.

Above normal temperatures in the Corn Belt and Great Plains stimulated crop development in April. Soil

moisture has been poor in most of Texas and eastern Oklahoma and up the central portion of the nation into

Minnesota. Texas has grazed wheat, or if stands were sufficient, cut wheat for hay to supplement poor

grazing conditions. Montana soil moisture condition ratings declined during April along with the condition

ratings. Most of the Pacific Northwest crop is rated good to excellent.

Durum Wheat: Production of Durum wheat in Arizona and California is forecast at a collective 14.8 million

bushels. This is down 9 percent from their 1999 total of 16.2 million bushels, primarily due to reduced yields

in both States and reduced acreage in California. Above average temperatures in Arizona have helped

development. Dry conditions have reduced pest stress, but have not adversely affected the crop due to

irrigation. California’s crop is rated in mostly good to excellent condition. Crop development was somewhat

behind normal in the Imperial and San Joaquin valleys due to cool temperatures in March, but have

recovered. Harvest began in the Imperial Valley on a very limited basis by late April with average yields

reported. Harvest should begin in the San Joaquin Valley by mid-June.

Hay Stocks on Farms: Stocks of all hay on farms totaled 28.8 million tons on May 1, 2000, up 16 percent

from May 1 of the previous year. This is the highest May stocks since 1987. Disappearance of hay from

December 1, 1999 - May 1, 2000, totaled 80.1 million tons, 8 percent lower than the 1998-99 crop

disappearance of 87.2 million tons for the same period.

Hay stocks on May 1, 2000 were higher compared to last year in 20 of the 48 estimating States. Mild winter

conditions across the Upper Midwest and Plains, following favorable production in 1999, led to increased

May stocks, especially in the Great Lakes area. Michigan and Wisconsin each reported the highest May
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 31 NASS, USDA

stocks since 1980. The increased stocks in these States offset the decreased stocks in States along the Ohio

Valley which were effected by last year’s drought.

Almonds: The 2000 California almond crop is forecast at 675 million meat pounds, down 19 percent from

last year. Bearing acreage, at 500,000, is estimated to be up 4 percent from the previous crop year. Average

yield is forecast at 1,350 pounds per acre. The nut set is expected to be lighter than last year’s record crop. 

Variable weather conditions initially appeared to have hurt the bloom but sunny conditions after nut set had a

favorable effect. The crop appears to be earlier than normal.

Avocados: U.S. avocado production for the 1999-2000 season totaled 181,300 tons, up 14 percent from last

season. Bearing acreage, at 65,130, was down less than 1 percent from the 1998-1999 level. The value of

U.S. avocados for the 1999-2000 season totaled $392 million, up 14 percent from the previous season. 

California avocado production was 159,000 tons, up 17 percent from last season. The value of California’s

avocado production increased 15 percent, from the previous season, to $375 million. Florida produced

22,000 tons of avocados in 1999-2000, down 4 percent from last season. Florida’s value of production

totaled $16.5 million, virtually unchanged from last year. Hawaii produced 300 tons of avocados, up

20 percent from 1998-1999. Hawaii’s value of production rose 38 percent to $360 thousand for the

1999-2000 season. California reported adequate rain and temperature which provided ideal weather

conditions for avocado production. Florida production was hampered by high winds from Hurricane Irene.

Papayas: Fresh papaya production from Hawaii is estimated at 4.67 million pounds for April, 11 percent

higher than March and 43 percent higher than a year ago. The new disease resistant variety and increased

acreage in areas not as affected by disease helped boost output compared to a year ago. Area in crop totaled

3,040 acres, unchanged from last month but 19 percent lower than last April. Harvested area, totaling

1,590 acres, was 1 percent higher than March but 26 percent lower than a year ago.

Hawaii total papaya utilization during 1999 is estimated at 42.4 million pounds, 6 percent higher than in

1998. Weather conditions were variable during 1999. Heavy rains during February and April slowed farm

activity. Dry conditions along the Hamakua Coast of Hawaii Island during May and June slowed fruit

development. Fresh sales of 39.4 million pounds were 11 percent higher than the previous year. Processed

utilization, at 3.0 million pounds, was 30 percent lower than last year. Bearing area is estimated at

1,940 acres, 8 percent lower than in 1998.

California Peaches: The 2000 peach crop in California is forecast at 1.90 billion pounds, up 5 percent from

1999 and 10 percent above two years ago. Bearing acreage is estimated at 68,400, up 2 percent from

1999 and 3 percent above 1998. Adequate chilling hours and a wet spring have resulted in ideal weather

conditions for both the California Freestone and Clingstone peach crops.

The California Freestone crop is forecast at a record high 800 million pounds, up 6 percent from last year’s

previous record high of 755 million pounds. Freestone bearing acreage is estimated at 39,000, up 5 percent

from 1999 and up 8 percent from 1998. 

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1,100 million pounds, up 4 percent from last year and 5 percent

above 1998. Clingstone bearing acreage is estimated at 29,400 acres, down 1 percent from 1999 and

3 percent below 1998.

Bananas: Hawaii banana production for 1999 is estimated at a record breaking 24.5 million pounds, up

17 percent from 1998. New and maturing acreage continued to increase production levels, mainly of the

Cavendish variety. The highlight of 1999 was the resumption of commercial banana exports after several

decades of no exporting. Initial shipments to Japan and Guam began at midyear. Statewide, harvested

acreage remained unchanged from a year ago at 1,420 acres. Minor acreage was pulled out on Hawaii Island
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 32 NASS, USDA

in 1999 due to Banana Bunchy Top Virus eradication efforts. Major production areas are located on the other

side of the island. Weather for 1999 continued dry, but irrigation for major orchards was in place.

Guavas: The utilized production of guava in Hawaii totaled 10.7 million pounds in 1999, down 27 percent

from 1998 and the lowest amount utilized since 1985. This is the fifth consecutive year of decline and 1999's

decline was the largest one year drop of any of the previous five years. The harvested acreage for 1999 was

down 11 percent from a year ago to 630 acres. Yield, based on utilized production only, averaged

17,000 pounds per acre, down 3,600 pounds from the previous year. The reduced 1999 utilized production

was impacted primarily by low market demand.

Taro: Hawaii taro production for 1999 is estimated at 6.80 million pounds, up 13 percent from last year. 

Area harvested was 500 acres, up 10 acres from 1998. Taro for processing, at 6.50 million pounds, is grown

mostly under wetland conditions and accounted for all of the increased production. Processed taro growers

experienced an increase in yields due to favorable weather and improved cultural practices which decreased

the presence of disease. Most taro is processed into poi. Fresh taro production, at 300,000 pounds, was

unchanged from the previous year.

Grapefruit: The U.S. grapefruit forecast is 2.61 million tons, up 6 percent from last month and up 4 percent

from last season. The Florida grapefruit forecast is raised 7 percent to 49.1 million boxes (2.09 million tons). 

White seedless increased to 19.5 million boxes (829,000 tons), 5 percent higher than the April 1 forecast. 

The colored seedless forecast is 29.0 million boxes (1.23 million tons), a 7 percent increase from a month ago. 

If realized, the white seedless will be 10 percent higher than last season and the colored seedless will be

1 percent above last season. The seedy grapefruit forecast is raised to 600,000 boxes (26,000 tons),

100,000 boxes higher than last month and 50,000 boxes higher than last season. Harvest is about 90 percent

complete. Final utilization of seedy grapefruit is dependent on load tickets at the processing plants. 

The May 1 grapefruit forecast from Texas is raised to 5.70 million boxes (228,000 tons), up 200,000 boxes

from the previous forecast but 400,000 boxes below last season. Harvest is virtually complete, but delayed

somewhat due to much needed precipitation. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from

last month’s forecast.

Tangerines: The 1999-00 U.S. tangerine crop is forecast at a record large 441,000 tons, up 1 percent from

the previous forecast and up 35 percent from last season. Florida’s tangerine forecast is increased to a record

large 6.90 million boxes (328,000 tons), 1 percent higher than last month and 39 percent larger than last

season. The early variety harvest is complete, but the late variety Honey tangerine harvest continues. 

Movement has declined only slightly in the last month, with most going into fresh channels. About 9 percent

of the rows had some fruit remaining. The final estimate of utilization will be dependent on the quality and

demand for the remaining fruit. The California and Arizona forecasts are carried forward from last month’s

forecast.

Tangelos: The 1999-00 Florida tangelo forecast is final at 2.20 million boxes (99,000 tons), 14 percent less

than last season’s final utilization. Although the Row Count survey shows about 5 percent of the rows

having some fruit, there has been no recorded utilization in the past month. This crop is 23 percent smaller

than two seasons ago. Also, it is about one-third the size of the record large 6.40 million boxes recorded in

1979-80.

Temples: Florida’s 1999-00 Temple forecast is 1.95 million boxes (88,000 tons), a decrease of

150,000 boxes from the April 1 forecast but 150,000 boxes higher than last season’s utilization. If realized, it

will be the third smallest utilization since the record high 6.00 million boxes harvested in 1979-80. Harvest is
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 33 NASS, USDA

virtually complete. The Row Count survey showed about 6 percent of the rows with some fruit but demand

and quality preclude full utilization. 

Florida Citrus: April was a very dry month in citrus growing areas. There were only a few rainy days that

produced, in total, about an inch of rain. Virtually all growers and caretakers have been irrigating around the

clock to maintain good tree condition. Most of the next season’s citrus crop is pea to marble size and is

making good progress in spite of the dry weather. The trees are dropping some of the fruit that they can't

carry for next season which is normal for this time of year. Early and midseason orange harvest ended toward

the middle of April. Movement of Valencias for processing is very active. Harvest of grapefruit for both

fresh and processing is slowing as supplies are running low in all areas. Temple harvest was nearly complete

by the end of April. Few Honey tangerines remain to be picked. Caretakers have been mowing, chopping,

and discing cover crops, applying herbicides and other nutritional sprays, and hedging and topping harvested

groves.

Texas Citrus: During April, the Rio Grande Valley finally received some much needed rain. The wrap up of

grapefruit harvesting was delayed a week due to excessive precipitation. Completion of harvest should occur

in early May. Valencia orange harvesting is also nearing completion with 97 percent harvested by the end of

April.

California Citrus: Navel orange harvest was winding down with approximately 90 percent of the crop

picked by May 1. The Valencia orange harvest was active in all citrus growing areas. Most of the orange

crop has gone to the export market. Lemon, grapefruit, and tangerine picking was also active. Beehives were

moved into citrus groves in preparation for bloom of the new crop.

California Noncitrus Fruits and Nuts: Warm and sunny weather during April accelerated the progress of

grape, nut, and tree fruit crops. Grape vineyards and nut orchards were leafing out. Growers were irrigating

and applying sulfur for mildew control in the grape vineyards and applying fungicides in the nut orchards. 

Thinning was active in stone fruit trees. Early variety nectarine and freestone peach picking was underway. 

Harvest of sweet cherries began in the southern San Joaquin Valley. Strawberry picking was active in the

Central Valley.

Spring Potatoes: Program changes for crop year 2000 combine Alabama spring production with the summer

estimate and will be published in July. North Carolina combined their spring and summer estimates into the

spring forecast. Spring production is now forecast at 22.5 million cwt, down 11 percent from comparable

totals last year but 7 percent above 1998. Harvest should be taken from an estimated 80,100 acres, down

5 percent from last year. The average yield is forecast at 281 cwt per acre, down 6 percent from last year’s

comparable yield. The May 1 forecast is 5 percent higher than April.

Florida’s spring production forecast was increased 17 percent from April 1, but is 21 percent below a year

ago. Acreage for harvest is expected to be down 14 percent from last year, with a 19 percent reduction in the

Hastings area. Producers in the Hastings area are reporting very good yields. Both chipper and table stock

potatoes are being dug. 

Acreage in California was reduced 700 acres from the April 1 forecast to 18,800 acres, 1 percent below last

year. The yield was boosted 15 cwt, resulting in a production forecast of 6.67 million cwt, a gain of 1 percent

from a month ago. Output will be down 12 percent from last year. Weather conditions stabilized in April, as

yield prospects increased to 355 cwt per acre. Harvest should start in early May and continue through June. 

Arizona's acreage for harvest is forecast at 11,000 acres, up 15 percent from a year ago. Harvest is active. 

The average yield projection in Texas increased 10 cwt during April pushing production 4 percent above a

month ago, however, production is 3 percent below last year. North Carolina’s former summer crop will be
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 34 NASS, USDA

included in the spring season estimate this year. Combined production figures indicate a slight reduction

from last year. Growing conditions have been ideal for most fields. 

Tobacco: U.S. tobacco production for 1999 was revised up 1 percent, harvested acreage up less than

1 percent, and average yield up 17 pounds from December 1999. Total production at 1.29 billion pounds in

1999, was down13 percent from 1998, and was the lowest level since 1995. Growers harvested

647,160 acres in 1999, down 10 percent from last year. Final yield per acre averaged 1,997 pounds, down

65 pounds from 1998.

Flue-cured production totaled 657 million pounds in 1999, down 19 percent from 1998. Growers harvested

303,800 acres, down 18 percent below 1998. Flue-cured yields averaged 2,162 pounds, down 42 pounds

from 1998. North Carolina, the leading producer of Flue-cured tobacco, produced 437 million pounds,

two-thirds of all flue-cured grown in the United States.

Total Fire-cured production was revised upward 4 percent to 38.1 million pounds. This is 4 percent less than

last year. Growers harvested a total of 16,420 acres. Fire-cured yields averaged 2,319 pounds, down

46 pounds from 1998.

Burley production - which accounted for 97 percent of all Light Air-cured tobacco - was revised upward

2 percent to 555 million pounds. This is 5 percent below 1998. Producers of Burley harvested 303,600 acres

in 1999, 1 percent less than last year. Yield per acre averaged 1,829 pounds, down 67 pounds from last year. 

Kentucky, the leading producer of Burley tobacco, produced 380 million pounds, 68 percent of all Burley

grown in the United States.

Dark air-cured production was revised up 9 percent from December 1999. Production totaled 11.8 million

pounds in 1999, 21 percent above 1998. Growers harvested 5,100 acres in 1999, 15 percent more than the

previous year. Yield per acre averaged 2,313 pounds, up 107 pounds from 1998. Kentucky, the leading

producer of Dark Air-cured tobacco, produced 10.4 million pounds, 88 percent of all Dark Air-cured grown

in the United States.

Production of Cigar tobacco, including filler, binder, and wrapper, was revised upward 3 percent to a total of

16.5 million pounds for 1999. This is 16 percent below 1998 production. Growers harvested 8,740 acres in

1999, 18 percent less than last year. Yield per acre averaged 1,892 pounds, up 35 pounds from 1998.

Cotton: The 1999 United States all cotton production totaled 17.0 million bales in 1999, 22 percent above the

1998 production level. The 1999 output is the ninth largest crop on record. Upland cotton production, at

16.3 million bales, was 21 percent above the previous year. American-Pima production totaled

674,300 bales, up 52 percent from 1998. 

The area planted to all cotton totaled 14.9 million acres, up 11 percent from 1998. Harvested area was

13.4 million acres, up 26 percent from last year. The increases in planted acreage were attributable to the

favorableness of cotton as an alternative crop during times of low prices. Harvested acreage increased due to

more traditional abandonment levels than in 1998, when high abandonment occurred due to extremely dry

conditions. Yields for the U.S. averaged 607 pounds per harvested acre.

Harvest of Texas cotton progressed normally during the season as conditions were generally dry and open. 

However, there were brief early harvest delays on the High Plains due to cool temperatures and widely

scattered showers. Delays were also experienced late in the harvest season due to blowing, wet snow. Some

farmers sprayed to aid in harvest rather than waiting for the first hard freeze, which did not occur until late

November. Abandonment of Upland cotton, at 1.05 million acres, is higher than average, but much less than

last year’s drought affected crop. Hail and wind damage in June resulted in some cotton acreage being

replanted to alternative crops. Crop development began slowly, but was on pace with average by the first of

August. Heavy rains during early September raised some concerns about regrowth. Cotton objective yield

data indicate Texas’ crop has the seventh lowest boll weight in the last 10 years. 

The Delta States (Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Tennessee) planted 3.74 million acres. 

This was 16 percent more than in 1998. Harvested area totaled 3.69 million acres. Warm, dry weather

accelerated development of the crop, but resulted in deterioration of the condition and quality of the cotton. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 35 NASS, USDA

The dry weather also allowed harvest to progress well ahead of average. On October 31, Arkansas was

15 points ahead of average, at 94 percent harvested. Louisiana reported 99 percent harvested, 7 points ahead

of the 5-year average. Mississippi, at 97 percent harvested, was 10 percentage points ahead of average. 

Missouri and Tennessee both reported 96 percent of their cotton acreage harvested on October 31, twenty-one

and 20 points ahead of the 5-year average, respectively. Data from objective yield surveys show boll weights

in Arkansas and Mississippi were the lowest in the last ten years, while Louisiana’s weight was ranked as the

ninth lowest out of the last ten years.

Arizona increased the acreage planted to Upland cotton in 1999, while California decreased planted acres. 

Arizona planted 270,000 acres, an 8 percent increase from last year, while California planted 610,000 acres,

6 percent less than in 1998. Unseasonably cool weather hampered planting activities, resulting in a late

developing crop. Despite the slow development, condition ratings remained high throughout the season. 

Warm, dry weather allowed great harvest progress during October and November, with California being

virtually complete by the end of November. January 1 cotton objective yield counts show boll weights in

California were the lowest in the last ten years. California producers increased American-Pima planted acres

20 percent from 1998, to 240,000 acres. Planting in the San Joaquin Valley began in late March, but made

very little progress until mid-April. The harvest was nearly complete by mid-December and some growers

picked a third time in order to get the last few late-opening bolls. 

Georgia and South Carolina plantings were delayed due to extremely dry conditions. Alabama and North

Carolina were able to progress at a normal pace during the planting season, but were required to do some

replanting because of the dry conditions. Extremely dry conditions persisted for Georgia and Alabama during

August and September, leading to deterioration of the cotton crop. North Carolina and South Carolina were

dry during most of August. Hurricane Dennis improved soil moisture in some areas during late August, but

some fields were too mature to benefit from the moisture. During September, the Carolinas were adversely

affected by torrential rainfall from Hurricane Floyd. North Carolina abandoned 55,000 acres during

1999, mostly the result of wind and rain damage from the hurricane. The excessively wet, muddy fields also

delayed harvest in North Carolina. As of October 31, North Carolina reported only 24 percent of their cotton

acreage harvested, compared to 55 percent for the 5-year average. Harvest activities progressed ahead of

average in Alabama and remained on pace for both Georgia and South Carolina.

All cotton ginnings totaled 16,966,200 equivalent 480 pound net weight bales during the 1999 season. This

compares with 13,912,250 equivalent 480 pound bales ginned in 1998.

Cottonseed: Cottonseed production in 1999 totaled 6.35 million tons, up 18 percent from 1998. Cottonseed

disposition shifted slightly in 1999, as a larger portion was used for livestock seed due to low oilseed prices.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 36 NASS, USDA

Reliability of May 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between April 24 and May

1 to gather information on expected yield as of May 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in three

States (Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas) where winter wheat is normally mature enough to make meaningful

counts. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported acreage data and seek permission to

randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot

depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields, counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and

number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year

historical average head weight is used until the crop matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed,

and weighed. The number of heads times the weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an

estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are

revisited each month until the crop reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 12,800 producers representing all major

production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked about the

probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be surveyed

throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering

weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Statistical

Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB

uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published May 1 forecasts. 

Revision Policy: The May 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made

each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of

the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings,

feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative

data warrant changes.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the May 1 winter wheat production forecast, the

"Root Mean Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by

expressing the deviation between the May 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the

final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the 1980-1999 20-year period; the square

root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made

concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate, assuming

that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the May 1 winter wheat production forecast is 6.3 percent. This means

that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.65 billion bushels will not be above or

below the final estimate by more than 6.3 percent or approximately 104 million bushels. Chances are 9 out of

10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 10.9 percent or approximately 180 million

bushels. Differences between the May 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the

past 20 years have averaged 86 million bushels, ranging from 4 million to 285 million bushels. The May 1

forecast has been below the final estimate 12 times and above 8 times. This does not imply that the May 1

winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

May 2000 37 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service

to contact for additional information.

Mark Harris, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-2127

Rhonda Brandt - Corn, Proso Millet (202) 720-9526

Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice (202) 720-7688

Lance Honig - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Roy Karkosh - Hay, Sorghum, Barley (202) 690-3234

Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621

Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Jim Smith, Head (202) 720-2127

Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Debbie Flippin - Fresh and Processing Vegetables (202) 720-3250

Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4288

Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas,

Mushrooms (202) 690-0270

Keith Lacy - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Kim Ritchie - Hops (360) 902-1940

Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

 Strawberries (202) 720-2157
The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on June 9, 2000.

The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs on the basis of race,

color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status.

(Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for

communication of program information (braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact the USDA’s TARGET

Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD).

To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building,

14th and Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C., 20250-9410, or call 202-720-5964 (voice or TDD). USDA is

an equal opportunity provider and employer.

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For your convenience, there are several ways to obtain NASS reports, data products, and services:

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All NASS reports are available free of charge on the worldwide Internet. For access, connect to the Internet and go to

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NASSFax service is available for some reports from your fax machine. Please call 202-720-2000, using the handset

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the Agricultural Statistics Hotline at 800-727-9540, 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov.