Cr Pr 2-2 (7-99) a

Washington, D.C.

Crop

Production

Released July 12, 1999, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, U.S. Department of

Agriculture. For information on "Crop Production" call (202) 720-2127, office hours 7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET.

All Wheat Production Down 9 Percent from 1998

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.67 billion bushels. This is up 4 percent from last month but down

11 percent from 1998. The U.S. yield is forecast at 47.0 bushels per acre, up 2.3 bushels from last month

and a new record high.

Hard Red Winter, at 1.03 billion bushels, is up from a month ago by 5 percent. White Winter is down for the

second consecutive month and now totals 199 million bushels. Soft Red Winter is up 6 percent from the last

forecast, at 443 million bushels.

Durum wheat production is forecast at 132 million bushels, down 6 percent from 1998. The U.S. yield is

forecast at 32.7 bushels per acre, 5.1 bushels less than last year.

Other Spring wheat production is forecast at 527 million bushels, down less than 1 percent from 1998. The

U.S. yield is forecast at 35.3 bushels per acre, 0.4 bushels higher than last year. Of this total, 475 million is

Hard Red Spring wheat, down 2 percent from last season.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 2 NASS, USDA

All oranges production forecast for 1998-99 is 9.74 million tons, down 1 percent from last month and down

29 percent from last year’s record large crop of 13.7 million tons. Florida's all orange forecast is

186 million boxes (8.36 million tons), a reduction of 1 percent from the June forecast and 24 percent less

than the record large 244 million boxes (11.0 million tons) utilized last season. Early and midseason

varieties in Florida remain at 112 million boxes (5.04 million tons), 20 percent less than last season. 

Florida’s Valencia forecast is reduced to 73.7 million boxes (3.32 million tons), down 2 percent from last

month and down 29 percent from last season’s utilization.

California’s all orange production forecast of 34.0 million boxes (1.28 million tons) remains unchanged

from the previous forecast and is down 51 percent from the 1997-98 utilization of 69.0 million boxes

(2.59 million tons). Picking of the Valencia orange crop has slowed due to summer competition from stone

fruits. Southern California growers, who were not adversely affected by the December freeze, have been

picking a good quality Valencia crop. Arizona’s all orange production forecast of 1.20 million boxes

(45,000 tons) remains unchanged from the previous forecast, but is 20 percent higher than last season.

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield for the 1998-99 season is final at a record high

1.63 gallons per box at 42.0 degrees Brix, as reported by the Florida Citrus Processors Association. The

previous record of 1.58 gallons occurred in 1992-93. Early and midseason oranges attained a final yield of

1.58 gallons, surpassing the previous record of 1.52 gallons set in 1992-93. At 1.75 gallons per box, the

Valencia portion of the crop has exceeded last season’s record of 1.72 gallons per box.

This report was approved on July 12, 1999.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Michael V. Dunn

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Rich Allen
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 3 NASS, USDA

Contents

Page

Almonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Apricots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Barley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Cherries, Sweet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Cherries, Tart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Citrus Fruits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Crop Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Crop Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

Grapes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Information Contacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

Oats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Papayas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Peaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Reliability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Tobacco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Walnuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Weather Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

Wheat, All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Wheat, Durum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Wheat, Head Population . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

Wheat, by Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Wheat, Other Spring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Wheat, Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 4 NASS, USDA

Oats: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1997 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AR

CA

CO

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

ME

MD

MI

MN

MO

MT

NE

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TX

UT

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

17

9

30

25

25

30

70

30

185

60

24

7

105

310

13

60

95

105

20

420

100

25

35

160

25

300

130

9

15

4

300

22

2,765

20

13

25

20

25

25

65

25

200

70

24

7

85

350

20

80

75

80

30

390

100

30

20

155

30

210

110

9

15

3

300

30

2,641

48.0

80.0

75.0

70.0

53.0

75.0

56.0

50.0

59.0

45.0

73.0

50.0

46.0

63.0

47.0

54.0

56.0

62.0

58.0

62.0

65.0

41.0

110.0

53.0

45.0

67.0

53.0

70.0

75.0

50.0

61.0

64.0

60.4

50.0

68.0

80.0

59.0

55.0

73.0

69.0

60.0

68.0

58.0

75.0

54.0

60.0

59.0

57.0

60.0

67.0

55.0

67.0

60.0

75.0

40.0

93.0

55.0

50.0

64.0

44.0

70.0

70.0

48.0

60.0

65.0

61.1

960

750

2,400

1,700

1,680

1,575

5,550

1,800

16,790

4,720

1,679

385

4,880

17,400

1,525

3,850

5,850

5,850

1,600

18,700

6,660

1,760

2,852

8,990

1,400

14,850

6,760

720

1,360

200

20,160

1,890

167,246

816

720

2,250

1,750

1,325

2,250

3,920

1,500

10,915

2,700

1,752

350

4,830

19,530

611

3,240

5,320

6,510

1,160

26,040

6,500

1,025

3,850

8,480

1,125

20,100

6,890

630

1,125

200

18,300

1,408

167,122

1,000

884

2,000

1,180

1,375

1,825

4,485

1,500

13,600

4,060

1,800

378

5,100

20,650

1,140

4,800

5,025

4,400

2,010

23,400

7,500

1,200

1,860

8,525

1,500

13,440

4,840

630

1,050

144

18,000

1,950

161,251
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 5 NASS, USDA

Barley: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1997 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

CO

DE

ID

KS

KY

MD

MI

MN

MT

NE

NV

NJ

NC

ND

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TX

UT

VA

WA

WI

WY

US

56

125

82

30

760

8

7

54

26

415

1,200

8

4

4

20

1,930

5

130

75

3

95

5

85

70

520

65

85

5,867

62

130

88

26

690

14

8

50

21

185

1,150

4

4

4

19

1,360

3

135

70

2

74

10

85

60

490

65

85

4,894

110.0

60.0

115.0

60.0

78.0

35.0

63.0

64.0

50.0

55.0

48.0

50.0

100.0

58.0

57.0

55.0

47.0

62.0

67.0

47.0

48.0

43.0

83.0

61.0

65.0

52.0

86.0

60.1

114.0

60.0

108.0

82.0

78.0

31.0

86.0

80.0

60.0

55.0

53.0

41.0

95.0

71.0

75.0

50.0

39.0

62.0

68.0

60.0

47.0

46.0

80.0

84.0

55.0

52.0

86.0

60.3

6,834

8,550

9,612

3,115

59,250

336

490

4,000

1,276

23,460

60,950

459

500

296

1,360

101,250

210

8,004

4,556

180

4,560

235

7,980

4,920

35,520

3,575

8,400

359,878

6,160

7,500

9,430

1,800

59,280

280

441

3,456

1,300

22,825

57,600

400

400

232

1,140

106,150

235

8,060

5,025

141

4,560

215

7,055

4,270

33,800

3,380

7,310

352,445

7,068

7,800

9,504

2,132

53,820

434

688

4,000

1,260

10,175

60,950

164

380

284

1,425

68,000

117

8,370

4,760

120

3,478

460

6,800

5,040

26,950

3,380

7,310

294,869
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 6 NASS, USDA

All Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1997 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MD

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

85

152

900

555

2,610

73

13

240

1,280

1,200

650

32

10,100

550

90

215

570

1,982

150

1,250

5,280

1,800

14

44

265

130

680

9,610

1,160

5,100

885

190

240

3,294

370

3,900

173

245

2,565

8

142

210

59,002

100

83

870

455

2,452

73

9

225

1,350

1,020

510

34

9,200

430

110

200

600

2,218

165

920

5,410

1,850

15

35

270

125

580

9,098

1,030

4,300

783

190

220

2,949

310

3,400

174

240

2,290

8

127

189

54,617

42.0

104.2

51.0

69.5

39.7

51.0

43.0

43.0

80.0

48.0

55.0

40.0

49.0

45.0

44.0

50.0

54.0

40.6

45.0

46.0

32.0

46.0

88.6

52.0

30.0

54.0

41.0

32.3

64.0

39.0

65.0

51.0

32.0

36.7

41.0

35.0

51.1

45.0

61.4

57.0

53.8

32.3

43.2

48.0

94.6

56.0

79.7

39.7

60.0

40.0

44.0

75.5

61.0

65.0

43.0

46.0

60.0

47.0

60.0

58.0

36.8

50.0

52.0

33.6

48.0

98.3

54.0

35.0

54.0

47.0

30.6

66.0

34.0

49.6

52.0

41.0

38.8

57.0

36.0

53.3

58.0

55.1

50.0

55.5

34.1

42.7

3,780

8,775

39,360

41,680

90,100

5,329

663

15,400

113,830

66,490

36,540

1,050

501,400

22,680

4,255

14,280

32,240

77,300

7,525

58,320

181,540

70,300

1,875

2,280

9,975

7,280

34,170

269,290

68,670

169,600

60,390

9,100

15,000

98,013

16,200

118,900

8,742

17,420

165,120

486

8,531

7,587

2,481,466

3,570

15,840

45,900

38,550

103,710

3,723

559

10,320

102,410

57,600

35,750

1,280

494,900

24,750

3,960

10,750

30,780

80,444

6,750

57,500

168,790

82,800

1,240

2,288

7,950

7,020

27,880

310,650

74,240

198,900

57,490

9,690

7,680

120,884

15,170

136,500

8,834

11,025

157,425

456

7,635

6,790

2,550,383

4,800

7,853

48,720

36,250

97,240

4,380

360

9,900

101,960

62,220

33,150

1,462

423,200

25,800

5,170

12,000

34,800

81,544

8,250

47,840

182,040

88,800

1,475

1,890

9,450

6,750

27,260

278,780

67,980

146,200

38,862

9,880

9,020

114,282

17,670

122,400

9,280

13,920

126,240

400

7,050

6,450

2,332,978
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 7 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1998 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998

1999

1998 1999

Jun 1 Jul 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AL

AZ

AR

CA

CO

DE

FL

GA

ID

IL

IN

IA

KS

KY

LA

MD

MI

MN

MS

MO

MT

NE

NV

NJ

NM

NY

NC

ND

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

SD

TN

TX

UT

VA

WA

WV

WI

WY

US

85

8

900

380

2,550

73

13

240

770

1,200

650

32

10,100

550

90

215

570

57

150

1,250

1,250

1,800

6

44

265

130

680

60

1,160

5,100

790

190

240

1,420

370

3,900

150

245

2,100

8

135

200

40,126

100

8

870

370

2,400

73

9

225

710

1,020

510

34

9,200

430

110

200

600

59

165

920

970

1,850

10

35

270

125

580

48

1,030

4,300

630

190

220

1,260

310

3,400

145

240

1,670

8

120

185

35,609

42.0

90.0

51.0

60.0

39.0

51.0

43.0

43.0

82.0

48.0

55.0

40.0

49.0

45.0

44.0

50.0

54.0

27.0

45.0

46.0

39.0

46.0

100.0

52.0

30.0

54.0

41.0

35.0

64.0

39.0

67.0

51.0

32.0

43.0

41.0

35.0

50.0

45.0

65.0

57.0

55.0

32.0

46.9

48.0

85.0

54.0

75.0

37.0

58.0

40.0

46.0

76.0

55.0

60.0

43.0

43.0

55.0

43.0

55.0

56.0

28.0

50.0

49.0

40.0

42.0

90.0

54.0

30.0

56.0

44.0

32.0

62.0

33.0

58.0

52.0

43.0

42.0

50.0

33.0

50.0

58.0

62.0

54.0

57.0

33.0

44.7

48.0

91.0

56.0

75.0

39.0

60.0

40.0

44.0

76.0

61.0

65.0

43.0

46.0

60.0

47.0

60.0

58.0

28.0

50.0

52.0

42.0

48.0

100.0

54.0

35.0

54.0

47.0

35.0

66.0

34.0

51.0

52.0

41.0

44.0

57.0

36.0

52.0

58.0

60.0

50.0

57.0

34.0

47.0

3,570

720

45,900

22,800

99,450

3,723

559

10,320

63,140

57,600

35,750

1,280

494,900

24,750

3,960

10,750

30,780

1,539

6,750

57,500

48,750

82,800

600

2,288

7,950

7,020

27,880

2,100

74,240

198,900

52,930

9,690

7,680

61,060

15,170

136,500

7,500

11,025

136,500

456

7,425

6,400

1,880,605

4,800

728

48,720

27,750

93,600

4,380

360

9,900

53,960

62,220

33,150

1,462

423,200

25,800

5,170

12,000

34,800

1,652

8,250

47,840

40,740

88,800

1,000

1,890

9,450

6,750

27,260

1,680

67,980

146,200

32,130

9,880

9,020

55,440

17,670

122,400

7,540

13,920

100,200

400

6,840

6,290

1,673,222
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 8 NASS, USDA

Durum Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1998 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998

1999

1998 1999

Jun 1 Jul 1

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

AZ

CA

MN

MT

ND

SD

US

144

175

5

430

2,950

24

3,728

75

85

9

390

3,450

39

4,048

105.0

90.0

37.0

28.0

33.0

26.0

37.8

95.0

95.0

95.0

100.0

38.0

30.0

30.0

28.0

32.7

15,120

15,750

185

12,040

97,350

624

141,069

7,125

8,500

342

11,700

103,500

1,092

132,259

Other Spring Wheat: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by State

and United States, 1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1997 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Bushels Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

CO

ID

MN

MT

NV

ND

OR

SD

UT

WA

WI

WY

US

60

510

1,920

3,600

8

6,600

95

1,850

23

465

7

10

15,148

52

640

2,150

4,050

5

5,600

153

1,650

29

620

7

4

14,960

71.0

77.0

41.0

30.0

80.0

32.0

48.0

32.0

58.0

45.0

30.0

39.0

34.9

70.0

75.0

37.0

32.0

95.0

31.0

44.0

35.0

60.0

42.0

30.0

40.0

35.3

3,700

45,030

75,200

118,900

475

210,000

6,600

63,000

1,152

23,220

266

612

548,155

4,260

39,270

78,720

108,000

640

211,200

4,560

59,200

1,334

20,925

210

390

528,709

3,640

48,000

79,550

129,600

475

173,600

6,732

57,750

1,740

26,040

210

160

527,497

Wheat: Production by Class, United States, 1997-98

and Forecast July 1, 1999 1

Year

Winter Spring

Hard Total

Red

Soft

Red White HardRed White Durum

1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels 1,000 Bushels

1997

1998

1999

1,098,303

1,182,092

1,031,426

471,987

442,639

443,124

275,238

255,874

198,672

491,324

486,781

475,439

56,831

41,928

52,058

87,783

141,069

132,259

2,481,466

2,550,383

2,332,978 1 Wheat class estimates are based on varietal acreage survey data available for all wheat producing States. Unless unusual situations dictate, the

previous end-of-season class percentages are used throughout the forecast season. Washington Wheat Variety Survey indicates winter wheat

is 93 percent White.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 9 NASS, USDA

Winter Wheat: Head Population

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 12 winter wheat estimating states

during this year; Idaho and Oregon were added back. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields are visited monthly

from May through harvest to obtain specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are derived from actual field

counts and are not official estimates.

Winter Wheat: Heads per Square Foot,

Selected States, 1995-99

State and Month 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 1

Number Number Number Number Number

CO July

 Final

ID July

 Final

IL July

 Final

KS July

 Final

MO July

 Final

MT July

 Final

NE July

 Final

OH July

 Final

OK July

 Final

OR July

 Final

TX July

 Final

WA July

 Final

52.9

51.6

44.6

44.6

56.4

56.4

54.5

55.0

49.8

49.8

31.0

33.7

60.3

58.8

53.9

52.9

43.4

43.4

31.4

31.9

37.9

38.2

29.3

29.3

33.5

33.5

40.2

40.2

35.5

35.6

42.8

43.3

29.3

28.7

42.9

42.6

43.1

43.6

32.5

32.5

32.2

32.3

38.1

37.9

41.5

41.3

56.7

56.6

48.1

48.1

30.9

32.3

30.9

32.3

48.4

47.9

53.6

53.5

52.8

53.2

42.9

42.3

32.8

32.9

40.3

39.3

51.1

51.2

51.3

51.3

43.6

43.6

37.2

38.8

56.4

56.7

55.4

55.1

39.9

40.1

39.6

39.7

38.2

37.7

42.1

45.0

59.7

49.4

47.0

37.0

59.8

57.0

40.2

29.3

40.7

35.1

1 Final head counts will be published in the "Small Grains Summary" in September.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 10 NASS, USDA

Tobacco: Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class, Type,

State, and United States, 1998 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

Class and Type

Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Acres Acres Pounds Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Class 1, Flue-cured

 Type 11, Old Belts

 NC

 VA

 US

 Type 12, Eastern NC

 Belt

 NC

 Type 13, NC Border &

 SC Belt

 NC

 SC

 US

 Type 14, GA-FL Belt

 FL

 GA

 US

 Total 11-14

69,000

33,000

102,000

143,000

31,000

45,000

76,000

6,800

41,000

47,800

368,800

60,000

26,000

86,000

123,000

27,000

39,000

66,000

6,000

35,000

41,000

316,000

2,285

2,220

2,264

2,240

2,000

2,050

2,030

2,515

2,200

2,245

2,204

2,300

2,200

2,270

2,300

2,300

2,200

2,241

2,600

2,100

2,173

2,263

157,665

73,260

230,925

320,320

62,000

92,250

154,250

17,102

90,200

107,302

812,797

138,000

57,200

195,200

282,900

62,100

85,800

147,900

15,600

73,500

89,100

715,100
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 11 NASS, USDA

Peaches: Total Production by Type, State, and United States,

1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

State

Total Production

1997 1998 1999

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

AL

AR

CA - Freestone

CO

CT

GA

ID

IL

IN

KS

KY

LA

MD

MA

MI

MO

NJ

NY

NC

OH

OK

OR

PA

SC

TN

TX

UT

VA

WA

WV

Total

CA

 Clingstone

US

25.0

14.3

739.0

7.0

2.3

160.0

7.5

12.5

2.5

0.2

0.6

1.1

9.7

2.0

55.0

9.5

65.0

12.0

10.0

6.0

2.0

5.8

70.0

160.0

3.5

20.0

8.1

9.0

46.0

11.0

1,476.6

1,148.0

2,624.6

16.0

12.5

710.0

20.0

2.3

70.0

9.0

15.0

3.8

0.5

1.8

1.4

10.5

1.8

43.0

9.0

70.0

10.0

25.0

6.8

20.0

8.0

65.0

140.0

3.2

24.0

7.7

14.0

51.0

13.0

1,384.3

1,045.0

2,429.3

20.0

10.5

690.0

3.0

2.4

130.0

6.0

17.5

2.9

0.7

5.0

1.0

11.0

1.6

29.0

7.5

65.0

11.0

30.0

7.0

10.0

7.0

68.0

160.0

5.0

13.0

4.0

16.0

50.0

14.0

1,398.1

1,100.0

2,498.1
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 12 NASS, USDA

Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts: Total Production by Crop, State,

and United States, 1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999

Crop and State

Total Production

1997 1998 1999

Tons Tons Tons

Grapes Table Type

 CA

Grapes Wine Type

 CA

Grapes Raisin Type 1

 CA

All Grapes

 CA

Apricots

 CA

 UT 2

 WA

 US

Walnuts 3

 CA

825,000

2,940,000

2,883,000

6,648,000

132,000

130

7,100

139,230

269,000

645,000

2,570,000

2,158,000

5,373,000

113,000

200

5,100

118,300

227,000

750,000

2,900,000

2,200,000

5,850,000

125,000

5,000

130,000

1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

Almonds (Shelled Basis) 4

 CA 759,000 520,000 830,000

1 Fresh equivalent of dried and not dried. 2 No significant commercial production in 1999 due to freeze damage. 3 Utilized production. July 1999 subjective forecast discontinued. 4 Utilized production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 13 NASS, USDA

Citrus Fruits: Utilized Production by Crop, State, and United States,

1996-97, 1997-98 and Forecasted July 1, 1999 1

Crop and State

Utilized Production

Boxes

Utilized Production

Ton Equivalent

1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99

1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Boxes 2 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons 1,000 Tons

Oranges

 Early Mid &

 Navel 3

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 Valencia

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 TX 4

 US

 All

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 TX 4

 US

Temples

 FL

Grapefruit

 White Seedless

 FL 5

 Colored Seedless

 FL 6

 Other

 FL

 All

 AZ

 CA

 FL 5 6

 TX 4

 US

Tangerines

 AZ 7

 CA 4 7

 FL

 US

Lemons

 AZ

 CA

 US

Tangelos

 FL

K-Early Citrus

 FL

400

40,000

134,200

1,300

175,900

600

24,000

92,000

120

116,720

1,000

64,000

226,200

1,420

292,620

2,400

23,500

31,400

900

900

8,200

55,800

5,300

70,200

550

2,600

6,300

9,450

2,600

22,600

25,200

3,950

150

350

44,000

140,000

1,350

185,700

650

25,000

104,000

175

129,825

1,000

69,000

244,000

1,525

315,525

2,250

18,300

30,600

650

800

9,000

49,550

4,800

64,150

600

2,400

5,200

8,200

2,600

22,000

24,600

2,850

40

550

17,000

112,000

1,250

130,800

650

17,000

73,700

170

91,520

1,200

34,000

185,700

1,420

222,320

1,800

17,800

28,700

550

800

8,500

47,050

6,000

62,350

1,000

1,700

4,950

7,650

3,500

18,000

21,500

2,550

80

15

1,500

6,039

55

7,609

23

900

4,140

5

5,068

38

2,400

10,179

60

12,677

108

999

1,334

38

30

275

2,371

212

2,888

21

98

299

418

99

859

958

178

7

13

1,650

6,300

57

8,020

25

938

4,680

7

5,650

38

2,588

10,980

64

13,670

101

777

1,301

28

27

301

2,106

192

2,626

23

90

247

360

99

836

935

128

2

21

638

5,040

53

5,752

24

638

3,317

7

3,986

45

1,276

8,357

60

9,738

81

757

1,220

23

27

285

2,000

240

2,552

38

64

235

337

133

684

817

115

4 1

 The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year. 2 Net lbs. per box: 

oranges-AZ & CA-75, FL-90, TX-85; grapefruit-AZ & CA-67, FL-85, TX-80; lemons-76; tangelos, K-Early Citrus & Temples-90; tangerinesAZ & CA-75, FL-95. 3

 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in AZ and CA. Early (including Navel) and midseason varieties in FL and TX. Small

quantities of tangerines in TX. 4

 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 5 Excludes White Seedless economic

abandonment of 3,000,000 boxes in 1996-97 and 5,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 6

 Excludes Colored Seedless economic abandonment of

3,000,000 boxes in 1996-97 and 1,000,000 boxes in 1997-98. 7

 Includes tangelos and tangors.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 14 NASS, USDA

Papayas: Area and Fresh Production, by Month, Hawaii, 1998-99

Month

Area Fresh Production

Total in Crop Harvested 1998 1999

1998 1999 1998 1999

Acres Acres Acres Acres 1,000 Pounds 1,000 Pounds

May

Jun

3,225

3,630

3,760

3,410

2,175

2,460

2,150

1,885

2,995

2,685

3,300

3,100

Tart Cherries: Total Production by State and United States,

1997-98 and Forecasted 1999 1

State

Total Production

1997 1998 1999

Million Pounds Million Pounds Million Pounds

CO

MI

NY

OR

PA

UT

WA

WI

Total

0.7

225.0

14.5

3.7

6.5

17.5

13.5

11.5

292.9

1.3

263.0

14.0

2.8

4.2

33.0

14.0

14.7

347.0

0.6

192.0

19.0

4.0

5.5

14.0

13.2

8.5

256.8 1 PA revised. Other forecasts carried forward from "Cherry Production" released June 24, 1999.

Sweet Cherries: Total Production by State and United States,

1997-98 and Forecasted 1999 1

State

Total Production

1997 1998 1999

Tons Tons Tons

CA

ID

MI

MT

NY

OR

PA

UT

WA

Total

49,200

1,600

27,000

1,100

650

50,000

500

720

95,000

225,770

15,400

2,200

35,000

2,050

700

55,000

550

2,800

96,000

209,700

50,000

1,400

29,000

1,300

950

53,000

650

700

80,000

217,000 1 Forecasts carried forward from "Cherry Production" released June 24, 1999.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 15 NASS, USDA

Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal

Group, State, and United States, 1997-99

Seasonal

Group and

State

Area Planted Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

Winter 1

 CA

 FL

 Total

Spring 1

 AL

 AZ

 CA

 FL

 Hastings

 Other FL

 NC

 TX

 Total

Summer

 AL

 CA

 CO

 DE

 IL

 IA

 MD

 MO

 NE

 NJ

 NM

 NC

 TX

 VA

 Total

7.0

8.5

15.5

1.8

8.1

18.5

35.8

25.5

10.3

18.0

10.8

93.0

4.4

6.2

7.7

4.6

5.8

1.4

4.6

9.6

4.5

2.7

4.3

1.1

9.1

7.0

73.0

7.8

10.1

17.9

1.7

9.4

19.5

29.8

22.5

7.3

17.0

10.3

87.7

3.7

6.7

7.9

4.3

4.9

1.0

4.8

8.0

4.9

2.6

4.3

1.0

8.6

6.5

69.2

7.0

8.0

15.0

1.7

8.1

18.5

34.5

24.5

10.0

17.5

10.3

90.6

4.3

6.1

7.5

4.6

4.9

1.3

4.6

8.8

4.4

2.6

3.7

1.1

8.2

6.0

68.1

7.8

9.9

17.7

1.6

9.4

19.5

29.0

22.0

7.0

16.5

9.8

85.8

3.6

6.7

7.7

4.3

4.7

0.9

4.8

7.5

4.8

2.5

4.3

1.0

8.0

6.0

66.8

220

180

199

130

282

335

213

235

160

190

170

233

130

355

345

220

290

235

235

215

365

270

260

95

380

230

277

210

200

204

175

290

365

261

280

200

195

235

270

165

345

350

210

300

185

220

300

320

255

300

90

385

175

285

1,540

1,440

2,980

221

2,284

6,198

7,358

5,758

1,600

3,325

1,751

21,137

559

2,166

2,588

1,012

1,421

306

1,081

1,892

1,606

702

962

105

3,116

1,380

18,896

1,638

1,980

3,618

280

2,726

7,118

7,560

6,160

1,400

3,218

2,303

23,205

594

2,312

2,695

903

1,410

167

1,056

2,250

1,536

638

1,290

90

3,080

1,050

19,071

See footnotes at end of table. --continued
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 16 NASS, USDA

Potatoes: Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal

Group, State, and United States, 1997-99 (continued)

Seasonal

Group and

State

Area Planted Area Harvested Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres Cwt Cwt 1,000 Cwt 1,000 Cwt

Fall 2

 CA

 CO

 ID

 10 SW Co

 Other ID

 IN

 ME

 MA

 MI

 MN

 MT

 NE

 NV

 NM

 NY

 ND

 OH

 OR

 Malheur

 Other OR

 PA

 RI

 SD

 UT

 WA

 WI

 WY

 Total

US

10.3

75.8

415.0

28.0

387.0

5.3

65.5

3.0

48.0

82.0

10.6

22.0

7.0

6.2

27.6

126.0

5.1

59.0

11.5

47.5

14.5

0.7

5.0

2.7

165.0

84.5

0.4

1,241.2

1,422.7

9.8

77.2

400.0

26.0

374.0

5.2

68.0

3.0

48.0

70.0

11.0

21.6

5.0

6.6

26.0

125.0

4.8

58.0

10.5

47.5

14.5

0.7

3.5

2.0

170.0

86.0

0.5

1,216.4

1,391.2

10.3

75.7

413.0

28.0

385.0

5.0

64.5

3.0

47.5

73.0

10.6

21.8

6.9

5.9

27.0

122.0

4.8

58.0

11.4

46.6

14.0

0.7

4.8

2.6

165.0

83.5

0.4

1,220.0

1,393.7

9.8

77.0

398.0

26.0

372.0

4.9

67.0

3.0

47.5

65.0

11.0

21.4

5.0

6.6

25.5

121.0

4.6

57.5

10.5

47.0

14.0

0.7

3.3

2.0

170.0

85.0

0.5

1,200.3

1,370.6

360

335

338

450

330

320

280

220

310

290

300

375

395

380

270

235

250

452

400

465

240

210

260

280

565

370

300

356

343

3,708

25,360

139,650

12,600

127,050

1,600

18,060

660

14,725

21,170

3,180

8,175

2,726

2,242

7,290

28,670

1,200

26,229

4,560

21,669

3,360

147

1,248

728

93,225

30,895

120

434,368

477,381 1 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast. 2 The forecast of fall potato production will be released November 10, 1999.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 17 NASS, USDA

Fall Potatoes: Percent of Acreage Planted by Type of Potatoes,

11 Major States, 1998-99

State

Potato Types 1

Reds Whites Russets

1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999

Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent

CO

ID

ME

MI

MN

NY

ND

OR

PA

WA

WI

Total

5

4

3

18

18

1

3

7

5

4

4

3

23

18

2

3

8

5

3

7

70

75

19

100

40

27

100

9

35

25

4

8

65

77

13

100

34

14

100

10

29

23

92

93

26

22

63

42

72

88

58

70

92

92

31

20

64

48

84

87

63

72 1 Predominant type shown may include small portion of other type(s) constituting less than 1 percent of State’s total.

Fall Potatoes: Acres Planted for Certified Seed Potatoes,

by State and Total, 1998-99 1

State

1998 Crop 1999 Crop

Entered for

Certification Certified PercentCertified

Entered for

Certification

Acres Acres Percent Acres

AK

CA

CO

ID

ME

MI

MN

MT

NE

NY

ND

OR

PA

SD

UT

WA

WI

Total

150

1,250

14,563

44,668

16,335

2,500

14,375

10,075

6,469

1,700

24,032

2,600

183

1,400

33

2,350

10,736

153,419

122

1,115

13,431

46,784

17,300

2,613

13,272

9,983

7,336

1,195

23,806

2,739

157

1,726

33

2,489

10,510

154,611

81

89

92

105

106

105

92

99

113

70

99

105

86

123

100

106

98

101

200

1,350

14,833

43,500

16,062

2,600

13,400

10,200

7,250

1,100

22,677

2,594

156

1,400

60

2,250

10,500

150,132 1 Data supplied by State seed certification officials.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 18 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1998-99

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres 1,000 Acres

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

6,340.0

80,187.0

4,902.0

3,345.0

1,571.0

9,626.0

65,871.0

46,449.0

3,805.0

15,617.0

1,127.0

336.0

98.9

1,521.0

4.8

303.0

72,375.0

3,553.0

13,392.5

13,064.3

328.2

1,498.8

9.0

2,010.1

323.4

162.0

1,422.7

15.5

93.0

73.0

1,241.2

87.2

5,237.0

77,611.0

4,658.0

3,600.0

1,573.0

9,049.0

62,883.0

43,419.0

4,165.0

15,299.0

1,095.0

341.0

59.7

1,469.0

3.5

313.0

74,205.0

3,606.0

14,559.2

14,241.0

318.2

1,560.2

2,022.8

1,391.2

17.9

87.7

69.2

1,216.4

88.1

5,867.0

72,604.0

5,919.0

60,016.0

23,642.0

36,374.0

2,765.0

3,317.0

418.0

7,723.0

305.0

59,002.0

40,126.0

3,728.0

15,148.0

1,092.0

329.0

95.6

1,467.0

4.7

285.0

70,811.0

3,476.0

10,683.6

10,448.8

234.8

1,451.7

947.1

717.7

7.4

1,913.9

309.1

158.5

6.1

0.4

36.6

124.0

1,393.7

15.0

90.6

68.1

1,220.0

27.4

83.8

0.5

4,894.0

71,039.0

61,951.0

23,968.0

37,983.0

2,641.0

3,575.0

396.0

8,299.0

54,617.0

35,609.0

4,048.0

14,960.0

1,067.0

334.0

58.2

1,449.5

3.5

294.0

73,316.0

3,523.0

1,529.0

963.5

661.1

1,941.3

34.2

1,370.6

17.7

85.8

66.8

1,200.3

85.2

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Acreage is total acres in crop, not harvested acreage.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 19 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1998-99

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999

1,000 1,000

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Rice 2

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland 2

 Amer-Pima 2

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas 2

 Dry Edible Beans 2

 Dry Edible Peas 2

 Lentils 2

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

Bu

"

Ton

"

"

"

Bu

Cwt

Bu

"

Ton

Bu

"

"

"

Lb

Ton

Bu

Lb

"

"

"

Bu

Lb

Bale

"

"

Ton

"

Lb

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

"

"

"

Cwt

"

"

"

"

Lb

Cwt

Lb

60.1

134.4

16.0

2.52

3.47

1.91

60.4

5,669

28.2

67.3

11.4

43.2

46.9

37.8

34.9

1,455

20.4

855

2,702

1,353

1,446

38.9

1,509

625

619

904

22.5

35.8

2,061

1,405

1,611

1,920

1,223

1,480

50,000

1,625

78

343

199

233

277

356

109

148

60.3

61.1

42.7

47.0

32.7

35.3

204

270

285

352,445

9,761,085

94,525

151,338

82,010

69,328

167,122

188,051

11,795

519,933

3,487

2,550,383

1,880,605

141,069

528,709

1,588,620

5,497

6,708

81,750

3,963,440

6,360

412,085

2,756,794

5,246,701

13,918.2

13,475.9

442.3

32,606

34,707

1,479,179

104

30,828

5,934

1,938

674

9,000

18,000

59,548

9,727

477,381

2,980

21,137

18,896

434,368

2,987

12,382

6,000

294,869

161,251

2,332,978

1,673,222

132,259

527,497

3,618

23,205

19,071

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop

year. 2

 Yield in pounds. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 20 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99

(Domestic Units) 1

Crop Unit

Production

1997 1998 1999

1,000 1,000 1,000

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

Ton

"

"

"

"

"

"

1,000 Lbs

Ton

Lb

Ton

"

Lb

1,000 Lbs

Ton

"

"

Lb

Ton

Lb

"

Ton

1,000 Gal

2,888

7

958

12,677

178

418

108

10,323.8

139.2

13,700.0

7,290.9

104.0

38,800.0

2,624.6

1,042.5

214.0

25.5

759,000

47.0

335,000

180,000

269.0

1,298

2,626

2

935

13,670

128

360

101

11,387.4

118.3

21,000.0

5,903.0

90.0

39,900.0

2,429.3

955.1

108.0

25.6

520,000

15.5

146,400

188,000

227.0

1,159

2,552

4

817

9,738

115

337

81

130.0

2,498.1

180.0

830,000

1,180 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop

year. 2 Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 21 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Area Planted and Harvested, United States, 1998-99

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Area Planted Area Harvested

1998 1999 1998 1999

Hectares Hectares Hectares Hectares

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain 2

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 3

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain 2

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 3

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 3

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 3

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 4/

2,565,730

32,450,880

1,983,790

1,353,690

635,770

3,895,550

26,657,330

18,797,450

1,539,850

6,320,040

456,090

135,980

40,020

615,530

1,940

122,620

29,289,440

1,437,860

5,419,810

5,286,990

132,820

606,550

3,640

813,470

130,880

65,560

575,750

6,270

37,640

29,540

502,300

35,290

2,119,360

31,408,400

1,885,050

1,456,880

636,580

3,662,040

25,448,120

17,571,240

1,685,530

6,191,350

443,140

138,000

24,160

594,490

1,420

126,670

30,030,020

1,459,310

5,891,960

5,763,190

128,770

631,400

818,610

563,000

7,240

35,490

28,000

492,260

35,650

2,374,320

29,382,110

2,395,360

24,287,880

9,567,680

14,720,190

1,118,970

1,342,360

169,160

3,125,420

123,430

23,877,520

16,238,590

1,508,680

6,130,240

441,920

133,140

38,690

593,680

1,900

115,340

28,656,500

1,406,700

4,323,550

4,228,520

95,020

587,490

385,060

290,430

2,990

774,540

125,090

64,140

2,470

150

14,830

50,180

564,020

6,070

36,660

27,560

493,720

11,090

33,910

200

1,980,550

28,748,770

25,070,950

9,699,610

15,371,340

1,068,790

1,446,770

160,260

3,358,520

22,102,950

14,410,610

1,638,190

6,054,160

431,800

135,170

23,550

586,600

1,420

118,980

29,670,250

1,425,720

618,770

389,920

267,550

785,620

13,860

554,670

7,160

34,720

27,030

485,750

34,480

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop

year. 2

 Area planted for all purposes. 3 Total may not add due to rounding. 4 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 22 NASS, USDA

Crop Summary: Yield and Production, United States, 1998-99

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Yield Production

1998 1999 1998 1999

Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons Metric Tons

Grains & Hay

 Barley

 Corn for Grain

 Corn for Silage

 Hay, All 2

 Alfalfa

 All Other

 Oats

 Rice

 Rye

 Sorghum for Grain

 Sorghum for Silage

 Wheat, All 2

 Winter

 Durum

 Other Spring

Oilseeds

 Canola

 Cottonseed 3

 Flaxseed

 Mustard Seed

 Peanuts

 Rapeseed

 Safflower

 Soybeans for Beans

 Sunflower

Cotton, Tobacco & Sugar Crops

 Cotton, All 2

 Upland

 Amer-Pima

 Sugarbeets

 Sugarcane

 Tobacco

Dry Beans, Peas & Lentils

 Austrian Winter Peas

 Dry Edible Beans

 Dry Edible Peas

 Lentils

 Wrinkled Seed Peas

Potatoes & Misc.

 Coffee (HI)

 Ginger Root (HI)

 Hops

 Peppermint Oil

 Potatoes, All 2

 Winter

 Spring

 Summer

 Fall

 Spearmint Oil

 Sweet Potatoes

 Taro (HI) 3/

3.23

8.44

35.80

5.65

7.78

4.27

2.17

6.35

1.77

4.23

25.63

2.91

3.15

2.54

2.35

1.63

1.28

0.96

3.03

1.52

1.62

2.62

1.69

0.70

0.69

1.01

50.35

80.24

2.31

1.58

1.81

2.15

1.37

1.65

56.04

1.82

0.09

38.39

22.27

26.15

31.10

39.91

0.12

16.56

3.24

2.19

2.87

3.16

2.20

2.37

22.91

30.31

32.00

7,673,580

247,942,980

85,751,640

137,291,520

74,398,220

62,893,300

2,425,770

8,529,850

299,610

13,206,910

3,163,350

69,410,050

51,181,680

3,839,270

14,389,100

720,590

4,987,160

170,390

37,080

1,797,790

2,880

186,920

75,027,640

2,379,860

3,030,330

2,934,030

96,300

29,579,670

30,895,990

670,940

4,720

1,398,330

269,160

87,910

30,570

4,080

8,160

27,010

4,410

21,653,640

135,170

958,760

857,110

19,702,600

1,350

561,640

2,720

6,420,010

2,340,550

63,493,260

45,537,640

3,599,500

14,356,120

164,110

1,052,560

865,050

1

 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop

year. 2

 Production may not add due to rounding. 3 Yield is not estimated.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 23 NASS, USDA

Fruits and Nuts Production, United States, 1997-99

(Metric Units) 1

Crop

Production

1997 1998 1999

Metric tons Metric tons Metric tons

Citrus 2

 Grapefruit

 K-Early Citrus (FL)

 Lemons

 Oranges

 Tangelos (FL)

 Tangerines

 Temples (FL)

Non-Citrus

 Apples

 Apricots

 Bananas (HI)

 Grapes

 Olives (CA)

 Papayas (HI)

 Peaches

 Pears

 Prunes, Dried (CA)

 Prunes & Plums (Ex CA)

Nuts & Misc.

 Almonds (CA)

 Hazelnuts

 Pecans

 Pistachios (CA)

 Walnuts (CA)

 Maple Syrup

2,619,950

6,350

869,080

11,500,380

161,480

379,200

97,980

4,682,800

126,310

6,210

6,614,190

94,350

17,600

1,190,500

945,740

194,140

23,130

344,280

42,640

151,950

81,650

244,030

6,490

2,382,270

1,810

848,220

12,401,220

116,120

326,590

91,630

5,165,240

107,320

9,530

5,355,070

81,650

18,100

1,101,910

866,490

97,980

23,220

235,870

14,060

66,410

85,280

205,930

5,790

2,315,140

3,630

741,170

8,834,160

104,330

305,720

73,480

117,930

1,133,120

163,290

376,480

5,900 1 Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 1999 crop

year. 2 Production years are 1996-97, 1997-98, and 1998-99.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 24 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 25 NASS, USDA
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 26 NASS, USDA

June Weather Summary

Frequent heavy rainfall disrupted winter wheat harvesting on the central and southern Plains until month’s

end, when warmer, drier air overspread the region. In addition, strong thunderstorms and hail damaged

cotton on parts of the southern Plains. In the Southeast widespread rains improved soil moisture and

stabilized crop conditions. In contrast, drought worsened from the Mid-Atlantic region into southern New

England, as monthly rainfall totaled less than 50 percent of normal in many areas and 1-year precipitation

deficits topped 15 inches at some locations. Drought also continued to adversely affect dryland crops in the

interior Northwest, where late-June showers provided only localized relief from the 4-month dry spell. The

Southwest experienced several seasons compressed into a single month, as early June featured very cool

weather and winter-like storm systems, and late June showcased very hot weather and the gradual onset of

seasonal (monsoon) thunderstorms. Across the northern Plains and western Corn Belt, occasional showers

and thunderstorms maintained adequate to locally surplus soil moisture for developing summer crops. 

Meanwhile in the easternmost Corn Belt, warm and often dry weather reduced soil moisture to unfavorable

levels, although late-month rains benefited corn and soybeans.

Following June’s very cool start in the Southwest, temperatures soared well above normal. The region’s

overall monthly temperature departures varied widely, ranging from -5 degrees F in California’s San

Joaquin Valley to +2 degrees F in parts of Arizona. Elsewhere, monthly temperatures averaged as much as

4 degrees F below normal in the Plains and Northwest. Near-normal temperatures prevailed in the

Southeast, while readings ranged from 1 to 4 degrees F above normal in the Great Lakes region.

General Crop Comments: Numerous storm systems provided ample rain to maintain soil moisture levels

and support crop development in most areas of the Corn Belt, parts of the central and southern Great Plains,

lower Mississippi Valley, and adjacent areas of the Southeast. Some pockets within these areas received

excessive rainfall and experienced hail, wind, and flood damage. Field activities were hampered throughout

the month in eastern areas of Oklahoma and Kansas due to persistent rain and muddy soils. The winter

wheat harvest fell behind the 5-year average early in the month and continued to lag through the end of the

month, mostly due to slow progress in Oklahoma and Kansas. Sorghum planting was also hampered by rain

in Oklahoma and Kansas. In Iowa, heavy rains eroded soils and standing water damaged some corn and

soybean fields. A few isolated corn fields had a yellow appearance due to lingering soil wetness. Rain

partially eased drought conditions in some areas of the Atlantic Coastal Plains, but soils remained short of

moisture in many areas and crops were increasingly stressed, as temperatures steadily climbed during the

month. Soil moisture ranged from slightly dry to favorably moist across most of the northern Great Plains

during most of the month. 

Seasonal temperatures promoted near-normal crop development across most of the Nation during June. 

Corn and soybeans developed slightly ahead of normal in most areas of the Corn Belt. By mid-month,

nearly all of the corn and more than 80 percent of the soybeans were emerged. Corn silking and soybeans

blooming were slightly ahead of the 5-year average on July 4. Cool weather hindered small grain

development in the northern Great Plains and Pacific Northwest until mid-month, when warmer weather

accelerated growth. On July 4, spring wheat was 49 percent headed, 2 percentage points ahead of the

average, and barley was 43 percent headed, 4 percentage points behind the average. 

Despite dry soils that hindered planting in the Atlantic Coastal Plains early in the month, nearly all of the

cotton was planted by mid-month. Growth was aided by near-normal temperatures and adequate soil

moisture in the lower Mississippi Valley and eastern Texas, but development progressed slightly behind

normal due to below-normal temperatures in the Southeast and southern High Plains. As of July 4, cotton

squaring or beyond was at 66 percent and cotton setting bolls or beyond was at 16 percent. Both stages

were 3 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Rice developed ahead of normal along the western

Gulf Coast, but lagged slightly behind the 5-year average in interior areas of the lower Mississippi Valley. 

Seventeen percent of the acreage was headed on July 4, equal to last year but ahead of the normal pace. In

Texas and Louisiana, more than one-half of the crop was headed.

Oats: Production is estimated at 161.3 million bushels, 4 percent below last year’s 167.1 million bushels. If

realized, production would be the third lowest on record. The estimated yield is 61.1 bushels per acre, up

0.7 bushel from 1998. This would be the third highest yield on record. Area for harvest was unchanged

from the previous estimate of 2.64 million acres.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 27 NASS, USDA

As of July 4, 75 percent of the acreage in the 9 major oat-producing States was rated good or better and only

5 percent was in poor or very poor condition. Early planting, warm weather, and good moisture supplies

aided development in most areas of the Corn Belt during the spring. Conditions deteriorated in Ohio and

Pennsylvania, as a hot, dry weather pattern developed in late June. In North Dakota, planting progress

lagged behind normal through most of the spring, but above-normal temperatures during most of May and

June accelerated development and partially compensated for the slow planting progress. By July 4,

72 percent of the crop was headed in the 9 major oat-producing states, compared with the 5-year average of

67 percent. Nearly one-third of the acreage was headed in North Dakota, slightly ahead of the normal

progress of 31 percent.

Barley: Production for 1999 is forecast at 295 million bushels, down 16 percent from a year ago and down

18 percent from 1997. The first forecast for 1999 indicates that producers expect yields to average

60.3 bushels per acre, a slight increase from last year. Area harvested and to be harvested, at 4.89 million

acres, is 17 percent below the 5.87 million acres harvested the previous year. In comparing yields to the

previous year, 12 states are expecting higher yields in 1999 while 15 States are indicating lower yields or no

change from 1998.

The yield decline from last year in North Dakota was more than offset by the increase in Montana. 

Producers in North Dakota, the largest barley acreage state, expect yields to average 50 bushels per acre, a

decrease of 5 bushels below the 1998 yield. All of the Middle Atlantic states expect an increase in yields as

hot, dry weather limited disease problems. Barley harvest was ongoing or nearing completion in Arizona,

southern California, and most Eastern States.

Winter Wheat: Acres for harvest as grain are forecast at 35.6 million, down 11 percent from 1998. Harvest

progress in the 19 major producing states had reached 45 percent completion by July 4. This trailed well

behind last year’s rapid harvest and lagged normal by eight points. In general, Soft Red Winter (SRW) states

are ahead of average harvesting progress while Hard Red Winter (HRW) trailed.

Harvested yields were better than previously expected in the SRW states, some spectacularly so. Arkansas,

Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, and Tennessee now expect new record highs. These states joined Alabama

and Mississippi where records had been forecast a month ago. Collective head count forecasts dipped in the

SRW Objective Yield states (Illinois, Missouri, Ohio), but average weight per head is up 9 percent.

Forecasted head counts from the Objective Yield surveys in the six HRW states (Colorado, Kansas,

Montana, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas) are up slightly from last month, but weight per head is up a

collective 15 percent and is near last year’s record. The Texas harvest moved into the High Plains by late

June. California’s San Joaquin Valley harvest was complete by July1; minimal disease problems are

reported in the Sacramento Valley crop. New Mexico’s dryland yields are the best in years.

Combined plant populations in the Pacific Northwest Objective Yield region are higher than average, but

forecasted head weight is still lower than normal. Yield prospects improved in Nevada and Utah, but

dimmed somewhat in New York. The Utah yield is a new record.

Durum Wheat: Area for 1999 grain harvest is expected to total 4.05 million acres, up 9 percent from last

year. Excellent yields have been reported from California’s Imperial Valley crop where harvest finished

around July 1. Arizona harvest reached 93 percent completion by July 4. Late planting has the Montana

acreage trailing average progress, but prospects are good for this year. Modest yield increases are expected

in Minnesota and South Dakota Durum. North Dakota’s late planted crop trails average development by

several days. 

Other Spring Wheat: Harvested area is forecast at 15.0 million acres, down 1 percent from last year.

Acreage was 49 percent headed in the five major producing states, two points ahead of normal. Yield

prospects are up from 1998 in Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 28 NASS, USDA

The Pacific Northwest (Idaho, Oregon, Washington) production forecast is up from a year ago due to jumps

in acreage; yields are down in all three states. Idaho’s cool, dry season has the crop developing slowly. The

Oregon spring wheat has also been slowed by cool temperatures. Dryness has stressed the Washington crop

and development trails average by one to two weeks.

Montana’s spring crop is in good-to-excellent condition, but lags average development. Minnesota’s crop is

in mostly fair-to-good condition while the Dakota’s spring wheat crops are rated as mostly good. Scab has

been reported in eastern North Dakota districts.

Tobacco: U.S. all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 715.1 million pounds, down 12 percent from

1998. Yield per acre for flue-cured is forecast at 2,263 pounds, up 59 pounds from the 1998 average but 22

pounds below two years ago. Yields for all flue-cured types increased from last year in North Carolina, the

largest producing state, but production declined due to large decreases in acreage.

South Carolina’s flue-cured tobacco yield is forecast at 2,200 pounds, an increase of 150 pounds from 1998. 

 Virginia’s yield is forecast at 2,200 pounds, down 20 pounds from last year. Georgia’s yield is forecast at

2,100 pounds, down 100 pounds from 1998 due to problems from tomato spotted wilt virus and other

diseases. Florida’s yields are expected to average 2,600 pounds, up 85 pounds from a year ago. Rains in

mid to late June helped improve dry conditions across all flue-cured states. Harvest has begun in Florida

and Georgia while growers in the Carolinas and Virginia are topping their crop.

Peaches: As of July 1, the 1999 peach crop is forecast at 2.50 billion pounds, up 3 percent from 1998 but

down 5 percent from 1997. The U. S. Freestone crop is forecast at l.40 billion pounds, up 1 percent from

1998 but down 5 percent from two years ago. Fifteen of the thirty producing states expect to produce more

Freestone peaches than in 1998. Production in Georgia is expected to be 60.0 million pounds greater than

1998, the largest increase of any State.

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 1.10 billion pounds, up 5 percent from both the June 1 forecast

and the 1998 estimate. Adequate chilling hours over the winter are making for a larger crop in 1999. Peach

rust continues to be a problem for some growers and frost damage has been reported in Yuba and Sutter

counties.

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 690.0 million pounds, down 7 percent from the June 1 forecast

and down 3 percent from the 1998 estimate. Crop development is running about two to three weeks behind

normal due to cool spring weather. Frost and hail damage during April were reported in several areas

affecting the early varieties. The variability in temperatures this season is causing quality problems such as

split pits and russeting for some growers.

South Carolina's peach crop, forecast at 160.0 million pounds, is unchanged from the June 1 forecast but up

14 percent from last year. Recent rains have improved chances of a good crop. Harvest was 42 percent

complete by the first week of July, 11 percentage points ahead of 1998 and 7 percentage points ahead of

average.

The Georgia peach crop, at 130.0 million pounds, is also unchanged from the June 1 forecast. Production is

up 86 percent from 1998 but down 19 percent from two years ago. Harvest was almost half complete by the

first week of July, compared with 76 percent for the 5-year average. Conditions have improved with recent

rains, an average crop is expected.

The condition of peaches in Pennsylvania is rated mostly good to excellent. Production is forecast at

68.0 million pounds, up 5 percent from last year but down 3 percent from 1997. In New Jersey the bloom

was very early and heavy for most varieties. Scattered hail damaged some major orchards in the southern

part of the state at the end of May. Production is forecast at 65.0 million pounds, down 7 percent

from 1998.

In Michigan, the peach crop was severely reduced by a January freeze that virtually eliminated production in

Berrien and Van Buren counties. Peach production in the eastern and west-central parts of the state appear

to be excellent. Production in Michigan is forecast at 29.0 million pounds, down 33 percent from last year
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 29 NASS, USDA

and down 47 percent from 1997. North Carolina’s peach crop, forecast at 30 million pounds, is up

20 percent from 1998. Harvest is active and ahead of normal with good quality and average size reported. 

In Texas, production is forecast at 13.0 million pounds, nearly half of last year’s crop due to lack of chilling

hours.

Elsewhere around the country, production is up in Alabama, Connecticut, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky,

Maryland, New York, Ohio, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia. Production is down in Colorado,

Idaho, Oregon, Utah, and Washington due to cool spring weather and scattered frost damage.

California Grapes: California’s all grape production is forecast at 5.58 million tons, up 9 percent from

1998 but down 12 percent from 1997. Wine grapes account for 49 percent of California’s total production,

raisin grapes account for 38 percent, and table grapes make up the remaining 13 percent. Spring weather

started off dryer and cooler than normal, making the crop maturity 7 to 10 days behind normal. Recent hot

weather has improved crop maturity. Harvest of seedless varieties for fresh use continues in the Coachella

Valley with good quality reported. 

California’s wine grape production is forecast at 2.9 million tons, up 13 percent from last year but down 1

percent from 1997. Production of wine grapes continue to increase due to additional acreage coming into

bearing. The forecast for raisin type varieties is 2.2 million tons, up 2 percent from 1998 but down 24

percent from 1997. Bunch count is down from last year but larger in size. Table grape production is

forecast at 750,000 tons, up 16 percent from 1998 and down 9 percent from 1997. 

Apricots: The final forecast for the 1999 apricot crop is 130,000 tons, up 10 percent from last year’s crop

and down 7 percent from 1997. California growers will produce 96 percent of the U.S. apricot crop.

California's 1999 apricot production is forecast at 125,000 tons, up 11 percent from last year but down

5 percent from 1997. The bloom for California apricots was very heavy this year. Many growers spent time

thinning their orchards. Some growers are concerned about size due to heavy fruit set. The crop is 10 days

later than average.

Almonds: California’s 1999 almond objective measurement production is forecast at a record 830 million

meat pounds. This is up 9 percent from May’s subjective forecast of 760 million meat pounds and up 60

percent from the 1998 crop. Bearing acreage is estimated at 480,000 acres, up 20,000 from the revised 1998

acres of 460,000.

Statewide bloom reports ranged from good to excellent with ideal weather for pollination. Frost during the

first two weeks of April caused moderate to heavy damage in a few locations. Cool late spring weather

delayed crop development by about two weeks.

Grapefruit: The July 1 forecast of U.S. grapefruit production is 2.55 million tons, down 1 percent from the

June forecast and down 3 percent from last season. The forecast of Florida grapefruit is decreased to

47.1 million boxes (2.00 million tons). If realized, the forecast will be down 5 percent from a year ago. The

white seedless forecast is decreased to 17.8 million boxes (757,000 tons), down 1 percent from last month

and down 3 percent from the previous season. The white seedless forecast is the smallest in more than 25

years, including freeze seasons. The colored seedless forecast is reduced to 28.7 million boxes (1.22 million

tons), 1 percent less than last month and 6 percent less than the 1997-98 season. The forecast of seedy

grapefruit is 550,000 boxes (23,000 tons), down 8 percent from the previous forecast and down 15 percent

from last year. This is Florida’s smallest ever recorded seedy grapefruit crop.

Grapefruit production in California is forecast at 8.50 million boxes (285,000 tons), unchanged from the

previous forecast but down 5 percent from a year ago. The December freeze did not affect grapefruit

production as much as other citrus commodities. Desert areas were warmer than last year and grapefruit had

excellent color and quality. Arizona’s grapefruit forecast was increased to 800,000 boxes (27,000 tons), the
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 30 NASS, USDA

same level as last year. Harvesting is winding down for the season. The Texas forecast is carried forward

from a month ago.

Lemons: The 1998-99 U.S. lemon crop is forecast at 817,000 tons, unchanged from the April forecast, but

down 13 percent from the 1997-98 crop. California’s forecast remains at 18.0 million boxes (684,000 tons),

18 percent less than a year ago. The Central Valley crop was hit hard by the late December freeze. 

Lemons not harvested before the freeze were a complete loss to the fresh market. In the south coast areas,

light frost damage was observed, but no rejections of fruit were reported. The Arizona lemon forecast

remained at 3.50 million boxes (133,000 tons), up 35 percent from a year ago. Improved market conditions

have led to more aggressive picking.

Florida Citrus: June was a very wet month in Florida's citrus belt. The summer rains started early in the

month, breaking a six-month dry period. The extremely dry winter and spring caused a delayed and erratic

bloom that lasted from February to early June. The recent rains have provided near ideal growing

conditions. There is an abundance of new foliage on trees of all ages. New crop fruit continues to make

good growth. 

Harvest of Valencia oranges slowed considerably by the end of June as supplies were running low and

virtually all of the larger processors had closed for the season. Grapefruit, Temple, and Honey tangerine

harvests also ended during June as supplies ran out. Caretakers were cutting cover crops that made rapid

growth due to the recent rains. Growers were also applying herbicides and summer fertilizers.

California Citrus: During June, tangerine and navel orange harvesting was completed in southern

California. Lemon and grapefruit harvesting was active with good demand and quality. Volume has

slowed, however, due to competition with stone fruit.

California Fruits and Nuts: Stone fruit growers harvested their crops during June. Cherry harvest was

virtually complete by the end of the month. Freestone peaches and nectarines were approximately one third

picked and plums were about one fifth picked by July 1. Split pits and russeting were concerns to growers. 

Apricot harvest was also active. Apricot trees had a heavy set but small fruit size. Grape growers in the

Coachella Valley were harvesting grapes for fresh use and good quality was reported. The primary varieties

picked were Thompson Seedless, Perlettes, and Flame Seedless. Grape growers applied sulfur and

insecticides in the San Joaquin Valley to combat mildew and insects. Olive trees were showing a good set

as maturity progressed. Tree limbs in almond orchards remained propped to bear the weight of the heavy

nut set. Pistachio trees were sprayed with fungicides and walnut trees were treated for blight. Strawberry

harvest was active during June.

Papayas: Hawaii fresh papaya output is estimated at 3.10 million pounds for June, 6 percent lower than

May but 15 percent higher than June 1998. Total area is estimated at 3,410 acres in June, 9 percent lower

than May and 6 percent lower than a year ago. Harvested area, at 1,885 acres, is 12 percent lower than last

month and 23 percent lower than last June.

June weather conditions were a mix of sunshine and showers over major papaya producing orchards. 

Longer day length and warm temperatures have been beneficial to fruit maturation.

Tart Cherries: U.S. tart cherry production is forecast at 256.8 million pounds, down 26 percent from 1998

and 12 percent below 1997. This level is the lowest since 1991 when 190 million pounds were produced. 

Michigan, the largest producing state, expects a crop of 192 million pounds, down 27 percent from last year

and 15 percent below the 1997 crop. Drought conditions in the fall along with light frost damage reduced
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 31 NASS, USDA

bud formation. New York, Pennsylvania, and Oregon are the only states expecting a larger crop. Excellent

growing conditions have pushed their crop sizes up over 30 percent. The rest of the major tart cherry states

expect declines in production due to cold weather and rain during the bloom period.

Sweet Cherries: U.S. sweet cherry production is forecast at 217,000 tons, up 3 percent from 1998 but

4 percent below 1997. California expects to produce a much larger crop while Oregon, Washington, and

Michigan expect declines. 

The Washington crop, at 80,000 tons, is 17 percent less than last year. Production in Oregon is forecast at

53,000 tons, down 4 percent from last year. Cool weather and heavy rain during the bloom period resulted

in reduced pollination in the Northwest. The sweet cherry crop in California is forecast at 50,000 tons,

more than triple the 1998 crop. Moderate rains and a good amount of chill hours contributed to the

favorable growing conditions for California. The Michigan sweet cherry crop is forecast at 29,000 tons,

down 17 percent from 1998. A dry fall and frost damage have reduced the 1999 crop size.

All Potatoes: Potato farmers across the United States have planted an estimated 1.39 million acres of

potatoes in all four 1999 seasons, down 2 percent from last year but 1 percent above 1997. Area for harvest,

forecast at 1.37 million acres, is down 2 percent from a year ago but 1 percent above 1997. Winter

plantings were up 15 percent, spring is down 6 percent, summer acreage is off 5 percent, and fall planted

acreage is down 2 percent from last year.

Fall Potatoes: Area planted to fall potatoes in 1999 is estimated at 1.22 million acres, down 2 percent from

last year but 1 percent above 1997. Harvest is expected from 1.20 million acres, down 2 percent from a year

ago but 1 percent above two years ago. Planting and early development has been slow in much of the

western and north-central States.

Eastern States have planted an estimated 112,200 acres, up 1 percent from last year but 3 percent below

1997. Maine’s potato acreage increased 4 percent from a year ago. The crop went into the ground early and

scattered moisture remains adequate. Pennsylvania growers planted the same number of acres as last year. 

Dry soils are limiting crop growth. New York acreage is down 6 percent as dry soils delayed late planting. 

Rhode Island and Massachusetts remained the same as last year.

Central States planted an estimated 364,100 acres of fall potatoes this year, down 4 percent from last year

and 2 percent below 1997. Conditions in Michigan, Indiana, and Ohio are nearly ideal. Michigan’s acreage

is the same as last year, but Ohio and Indiana are off 2 and 6 percent, respectively. Rain delayed the

completion of planting in North Dakota and Minnesota. Minnesota acreage is down 15 percent and North

Dakota is off slightly. Acreage in South Dakota dropped 30 percent and Nebraska slipped 2 percent from

last year. Nebraska fields had some hail damage. Wisconsin’s planted acreage increased by 2 percent and

crop progress is good.

Western States potato plantings were estimated at 740,000 acres in 1999, down 2 percent from last year but

2 percent above two years ago. Cool spring weather slowed potato development in most of the western

States. Idaho farmers planted 4 percent fewer acres than last year. Development was late but growing

conditions have improved. Oregon and California got off to a slow start which may delay harvest by as

much as two weeks. Oregon acreage is down 2 percent and California dropped 5 percent. Acreage in

Colorado and Washington are up 2 and 3 percent respectively. Emergence lagged in both States because of

cool spring weather. A recent heat wave in Washington will move the start of harvest to nearly normal

timing.

Summer Potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 19.1 million cwt, up 1 percent from last

year and 5 percent above 1997. Farmers expect to harvest 66,800 acres during the summer season, down

2 percent from a year ago but 3 percent above two years ago. The average yield, forecast at 285 cwt per

acre, is up 8 cwt from last year and 5 cwt above 1997. Yields are expected to improve over last year in the

most Central and Plains States, but turn out lower along the Atlantic Coast and in California. 
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 32 NASS, USDA

Potatoes were planted on time this spring in adequate moisture and early growth was good. Dry weather on

the East Coast hurt some non-irrigated fields, but the overall crop is in good condition because of extensive

use of irrigation. Harvest in Virginia was 23 percent completed by July 4, ahead of last year and ahead of

normal. Maryland farmers are more than one-fourth into harvest. Alabama has had favorable conditions in

the northern counties. Crop development is good in the mid section of the U.S. Missouri harvest is half

finished in the "Boot Heel" area with yields reported to be excellent. Digging is expected to start in

northwestern counties in a few weeks. Illinois potato growers are expecting good yields. Iowa and

Nebraska had heavy rains this spring with some hail damage in western Nebraska fields. Colorado summer

potatoes also received some hail damage but yields are expected to be slightly higher than last year. 

Growers in eastern New Mexico and the Texas High Plains expect good crops with improved yields over

last year. California growers reported cool weather at planting but growth improved with warmer weather. 

Harvest is going to be about two weeks late.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 33 NASS, USDA

Reliability of July 1 Winter Wheat Production Forecast

Survey Procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 25 and July

7 to gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in twelve

States that accounted for 74 percent of the 1998 production. Farm operators were interviewed to update

previously reported acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter

wheat fields. The counts made within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. In early fields,

counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and number of emerged heads were made to predict the

number of heads that would be harvested. A 5-year historical average head weight is used until the crop

matures to the point that heads can be clipped, threshed, and weighed. The number of heads times the

weight of the heads in a sample plot can then be combined to an estimate of yield per acre. The 5-year

average harvesting loss is subtracted to obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until the crop

reaches maturity and are harvested on the final visit.

The farm operator survey included a sample of approximately 14,100 wheat producers representing all

major production areas. These producers were selected from an earlier acreage survey and were asked

about the probable winter wheat acres for harvest and yield on their operation. These growers will be

surveyed throughout the growing season to provide indications of average yields as the season progresses.

Estimating Procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed

for reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed

considering weather patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each

State Statistical Office submits their analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board

(ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts. 

Revision Policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made

each month throughout the growing season. End-of-season estimates are made after harvest. At the end of

the marketing season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings,

feeding, and ending stocks. Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other

administrative data warrant changes.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 winter wheat production forecast, the

"Root Mean Square Error", a statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. This is done by

expressing the deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the final estimate as a percentage of the

final estimate, and averaging the squared percentage deviations for the 1979-1998 20-year period; the square

root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error". Probability statements can be made

concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final end-of-season estimate,

assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent years.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 1.9 percent. This means

that chances are 2 out of 3 that the current production forecast of 1.67 billion bushels will not be above or

below the final estimate by more than 1.9 percent or approximately 32 million bushels. Chances are 9 out

of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 3.3 percent or approximately

55 million bushels. Differences between the July 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate

during the past 20 years have averaged 28 million bushels, ranging from 6 million to 65 million bushels. 

The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and above 10 times. This does not imply that

the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final production.
Crop Production Agricultural Statistics Board

July 1999 34 NASS, USDA

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity specialists in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics

Service to contact for additional information.

C. Ray Halley, Chief (202) 720-2127

Field Crops Section

Brad Parks, Head (202) 720-3843

Jerry Ramirez - Soybeans, Minor Oilseeds (202) 720-7369

Rhonda Brandt - Corn (202) 720-9526

Herman Ellison - Peanuts, Rice, Barley (202) 720-7688

Lance Honig - Hay, Sorghum (202) 690-3234

Jay V. Johnson - Cotton, Cotton Ginnings (202) 720-5944

Mark E. Miller - Oats, Sugar Crops, Weekly Crop Weather (202) 720-7621

Vaughn Siegenthaler - Wheat, Rye (202) 720-8068

Fruit, Vegetable & Special Crops Section

Dean Groskurth, Head (202) 720-3843

Arvin Budge - Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes (202) 720-4285

Dave DeWalt - Citrus, Tropical Fruits (202) 720-5412

Steve Gunn - Apples, Cherries, Cranberries, Prunes, Plums (202) 720-4488

Howard Hill - Berries, Grapes, Maple Syrup, Tobacco (202) 720-7235

Dave Ranek - Nuts, Floriculture (202) 720-4215

Jeffrey Kissel - Noncitrus Fruits, Mint, Dry Beans & Peas,

Mushrooms (202) 690-0270

Biz Wallingsford - Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions,

 Strawberries (202) 720-2157

Harry Nishimoto - Hops (360) 902-1940

The next "Crop Production" report will be released at 8:30 a.m. ET on August 12, 1999.
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