Crop Production 

ISSN: 1936-3737

Released July 12, 2011, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of 

Agriculture (USDA).

Winter Wheat Production Up 3 Percent from June

Orange Production Down Slightly from June

Winter wheat production is forecast at 1.49 billion bushels, up 3 percent from last month and up slightly from 2010. The 

United States yield is forecast at 46.2 bushels per acre, up 0.9 bushel from last month but down 0.6 bushel from last year. 

The area expected to be harvested for grain totals 32.3 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on 

June 30, 2011 but up 2 percent from last year. 

Hard Red Winter, at 791 million bushels, is up 2 percent from a month ago. Soft Red Winter, at 458 million bushels, is up 

6 percent from the previous forecast. White Winter is up 1 percent from last month and now totals 243 million bushels. Of 

this total, 11.6 million bushels are Hard White and 231 million bushels are Soft White.

Durum wheat production is forecast at 63.7 million bushels, down 41 percent from 2010. The United States yield is 

forecast at 38.7 bushels per acre, down 3.7 bushels from last year. Expected area to be harvested for grain totals 

1.65 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2011 but down 35 percent from last year.

Other spring wheat production is forecast at 551 million bushels, down 11percent from last year. The expected area to be 

harvested for grain totals 13.2 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2011 but down 

1 percent from last year. The United States yield is forecast at 41.7 bushels per acre, 4.4 bushels below 2010. Of the total 

production, 504 million bushels are Hard Red Spring wheat, down 12 percent from last year.
2 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The United States all orange forecast for the 2010-2011 season is 8.78 million tons, down slightly from the June 1 

forecast but 6 percent above the 2009-2010 final utilization. The Florida all orange forecast, at 139 million boxes

(6.26 million tons), is down 1 percent from the June 1 forecast but 4 percent above last season’s final utilization. The 

monthly row count survey indicated that 99 percent of the Valencia crop had been harvested. 

Florida frozen concentrated orange juice (FCOJ) yield forecast for the 2010-2011 season is 1.58 gallons per box at 

42.0 degrees Brix, down 1 percent from the June 1 forecast but up 1 percent from last season’s final yield of 1.56 gallons 

per box. The early-midseason portion is final at 1.52 gallons per box, up 1 percent from last season’s yield of 1.51 gallons 

per box. The Valencia portion is projected at 1.66 gallons per box, 2 percent higher than last year’s final yield of 

1.63 gallons per box. All projections of yield assume the processing relationships this season will be similar to those of 

the past several seasons.

This report was approved on July 12, 2011.

Acting Secretary of

Agriculture

Karis T. Gutter

Agricultural Statistics Board

Chairperson

Hubert Hamer
Crop Production (July 2011) 3

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Contents

Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted July 1, 2011 ......................... 5

Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted July 1, 2011..................... 5

Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2011............................................................................................................................................................................. 6

Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2011............................................................................................................................................................................. 7

Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2011........................................................................................................................................................... 7

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2010 and Forecasted July 1, 2011.................................................................... 7

Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2007-2011 ..................................................................................... 8

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2011............................................................................................................................................................................. 9

Peach Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted July 1, 2011 .................................................................. 9

Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts Production by Crop – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2011........................................................................................................................................................................... 10

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2009-2010 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2011........................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and 

United States: 2010 and 2011 ............................................................................................................................................... 12

Fall Potato Percent of Acreage Planted by Type of Potato – Selected States and Total: 2010 and 2011............................. 14

Fall Potato Area Planted for Certified Seed – Selected States and Total: 2010 and 2011.................................................... 14

Dry Edible Pea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2010 and 2011 .................................................... 15

Lentil Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2010 and 2011................................................................... 15

Austrian Winter Pea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2010 and 2011............................................ 15

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units) ......................................................... 16

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units).................................................................... 17

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units).............................................................. 18

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units) ........................................................................ 19

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units).................................................................... 20

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units) ........................................................................ 21
4 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Percent of Normal Precipitation............................................................................................................................................22

Departure from Normal Temperature....................................................................................................................................22

June Weather Summary ........................................................................................................................................................23

June Agricultural Summary ..................................................................................................................................................23

Crop Comments ....................................................................................................................................................................25

Statistical Methodology.........................................................................................................................................................30

Information Contacts.............................................................................................................................................................32
Crop Production (July 2011) 5

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Oat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and

Forecasted July 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

California .............................

Idaho ...................................

Illinois ..................................

Iowa .....................................

Kansas ................................

Michigan ..............................

Minnesota ............................

Montana ..............................

Nebraska .............................

New York .............................

North Dakota .......................

Ohio .....................................

Oregon ................................

Pennsylvania .......................

South Dakota .......................

Texas ..................................

Wisconsin ............................

Other States 1......................

United States .......................

25

20

30

70

25

60

165

27

25

58

105

50

22

80

105

80

170

146

1,263

20

15

20

60

20

30

120

20

20

38

75

40

15

55

65

60

120

141

934

95.0

84.0

65.0

62.0

50.0

68.0

69.0

61.0

68.0

67.0

61.0

70.0

100.0

59.0

72.0

52.0

58.0

58.2

64.3

85.0

76.0

68.0

72.0

35.0

63.0

61.0

56.0

66.0

52.0

55.0

60.0

100.0

53.0

68.0

33.0

66.0

59.9

60.5

2,375

1,680

1,950

4,340

1,250

4,080

11,385

1,647

1,700

3,886

6,405

3,500

2,200

4,720

7,560

4,160

9,860

8,492

81,190

1,700

1,140

1,360

4,320

700

1,890

7,320

1,120

1,320

1,976

4,125

2,400

1,500

2,915

4,420

1,980

7,920

8,445

56,551

1 Other States include Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Maine, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Utah, Virginia, 

Washington, and Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2011 Summary.

Barley Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and

Forecasted July 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arizona ...............................

California ............................

Colorado .............................

Idaho ..................................

Maryland .............................

Minnesota ...........................

Montana .............................

North Dakota ......................

Oregon ...............................

Pennsylvania ......................

Utah ....................................

Virginia ...............................

Washington ........................

Wyoming ............................

Other States 1.....................

United States ......................

44

75

63

470

34

70

620

670

40

45

27

48

81

62

116

2,465

64

75

67

490

40

70

680

510

35

50

25

70

110

68

126

2,480

125.0

58.0

133.0

92.0

68.0

62.0

62.0

65.0

74.0

75.0

90.0

67.0

72.0

98.0

54.0

73.1

115.0

60.0

126.0

90.0

75.0

59.0

55.0

55.0

65.0

65.0

90.0

85.0

66.0

102.0

61.5

69.6

5,500

4,350

8,379

43,240

2,312

4,340

38,440

43,550

2,960

3,375

2,430

3,216

5,832

6,076

6,268

180,268

7,360

4,500

8,442

44,100

3,000

4,130

37,400

28,050

2,275

3,250

2,250

5,950

7,260

6,936

7,755

172,658

1 Other States include Delaware, Kansas, Maine, Michigan, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, and Wisconsin. Individual State estimates will be 

published in the Small Grains 2011 Summary.
6 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and

Forecasted July 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

June 1 July 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arkansas .............................

California ............................

Colorado .............................

Georgia ...............................

Idaho ...................................

Illinois ..................................

Indiana ................................

Kansas ................................

Kentucky .............................

Maryland .............................

Michigan .............................

Mississippi ..........................

Missouri ..............................

Montana ..............................

Nebraska ............................

New York ............................

North Carolina .....................

North Dakota .......................

Ohio ....................................

Oklahoma ...........................

Oregon ................................

Pennsylvania ......................

South Carolina ....................

South Dakota ......................

Tennessee ..........................

Texas ..................................

Virginia ................................

Washington .........................

Wisconsin ...........................

Other States 1.....................

United States ......................

150

360

2,350

125

710

295

230

8,000

250

135

510

100

280

1,950

1,490

100

380

320

750

3,900

810

150

130

1,300

180

3,750

160

1,710

230

944

31,749

520

420

2,000

180

770

720

390

7,800

410

220

680

300

690

2,150

1,400

114

640

310

860

3,400

825

180

190

1,550

310

2,000

260

1,750

315

953

32,307

54.0

80.0

45.0

40.0

82.0

56.0

60.0

45.0

66.0

60.0

70.0

47.0

45.0

48.0

43.0

67.0

37.0

55.0

61.0

31.0

67.0

59.0

36.0

49.0

53.0

34.0

51.0

69.0

64.0

41.7

46.8

54.0

80.0

32.0

55.0

79.0

62.0

65.0

34.0

68.0

66.0

73.0

60.0

51.0

47.0

44.0

60.0

61.0

53.0

67.0

22.0

71.0

57.0

53.0

48.0

55.0

26.0

66.0

67.0

68.0

48.5

45.3

61.0

80.0

36.0

55.0

79.0

61.0

63.0

35.0

70.0

66.0

73.0

64.0

53.0

45.0

44.0

60.0

68.0

50.0

64.0

22.0

73.0

57.0

59.0

49.0

70.0

26.0

70.0

69.0

68.0

50.2

46.2

8,100

28,800

105,750

5,000

58,220

16,520

13,800

360,000

16,500

8,100

35,700

4,700

12,600

93,600

64,070

6,700

14,060

17,600

45,750

120,900

54,270

8,850

4,680

63,700

9,540

127,500

8,160

117,990

14,720

39,356

1,485,236

31,720

33,600

72,000

9,900

60,830

43,920

24,570

273,000

28,700

14,520

49,640

19,200

36,570

96,750

61,600

6,840

43,520

15,500

55,040

74,800

60,225

10,260

11,210

75,950

21,700

52,000

18,200

120,750

21,420

47,804

1,491,739

1 Other States include Alabama, Arizona, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, Utah, West Virginia, and 

Wyoming. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (July 2011) 7

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Durum Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and

Forecasted July 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010

2011

2010 2011

June 1 July 1

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Arizona ............................

California .........................

Montana ..........................

North Dakota ...................

Other States 1..................

United States ...................

79

105

530

1,780

35

2,529

69

120

470

970

18

1,647

115.0

110.0

34.0

37.5

50.7

42.4

110.0

110.0

(X)

(X)

(X)

(X)

110.0

105.0

29.0

30.0

44.4

38.7

9,085

11,550

18,020

66,750

1,775

107,180

7,590

12,600

13,630

29,100

800

63,720

(X) Not applicable.

1 Other States include Idaho and South Dakota. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2011 Summary.

Other Spring Wheat Area Harvested, Yield, and Production – States and United States: 2010 and

Forecasted July 1, 2011

State

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (bushels) (bushels) (1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Idaho ..................................

Minnesota ...........................

Montana .............................

North Dakota ......................

Oregon ...............................

South Dakota ......................

Washington ........................

Other States 1.....................

United States ......................

615

1,550

2,730

6,300

137

1,410

575

42

13,359

600

1,560

2,900

6,150

155

1,170

635

50

13,220

78.0

55.0

38.0

44.0

68.0

42.0

52.0

80.5

46.1

76.0

52.0

33.0

38.0

63.0

42.0

50.0

77.7

41.7

47,970

85,250

103,740

277,200

9,316

59,220

29,900

3,379

615,975

45,600

81,120

95,700

233,700

9,765

49,140

31,750

3,885

550,660

1 Other States include Colorado, Nevada, and Utah. Individual State level estimates will be published in the Small Grains 2011 Summary.

Wheat Production by Class – United States: 2010 and Forecasted July 1, 2011

[Wheat class estimates are based on the latest available data including both surveys and administrative data. The previous end-of-year season class 

percentages are used throughout the forecast season for States that do not have survey or administrative data available]

Crop 2010 2011

(1,000 bushels) (1,000 bushels)

Winter

Hard red ...................................

Soft red .....................................

Hard white ................................

Soft white ..................................

Spring

Hard red ...................................

Hard white ................................

Soft white ..................................

Durum ......................................

Total .........................................

1,018,337

237,804

13,496

215,599

569,975

9,256

36,744

107,180

2,208,391

791,250

457,670

11,571

231,248

504,364

8,968

37,328

63,720

2,106,119
8 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Winter Wheat Head Population

The National Agricultural Statistics Service is conducting objective yield surveys in 10 winter wheat estimating States 

during 2011. Randomly selected plots in winter wheat fields are visited monthly from May through harvest to obtain 

specific counts and measurements. Data in this table are actual field counts from this survey. The final number of heads is 

determined when the plots are harvested.

Winter Wheat Heads per Square Foot – Selected States: 2007-2011

State 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 1

(number) (number) (number) (number) (number)

Colorado

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Illinois

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Kansas

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Missouri

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Montana

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Nebraska

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Ohio ................................................

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Oklahoma .......................................

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Texas

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

Washington

July ..................................................

August .............................................

Final .................................................

41.3

41.5

41.5

52.3

52.3

52.3

43.5

43.6

43.6

53.1

53.1

53.1

38.5

38.1

38.1

49.5

49.2

49.2

52.4

52.4

52.4

42.8

42.8

42.8

38.5

38.5

38.5

38.9

38.1

38.1

37.8

38.8

38.8

63.9

63.2

63.2

44.7

44.7

44.7

61.5

53.2

53.2

38.6

39.4

39.4

44.9

47.6

47.6

58.4

61.0

61.0

41.8

41.8

41.8

30.6

31.0

31.5

38.4

36.6

36.6

44.0

44.1

43.9

58.1

58.4

58.4

45.5

45.5

45.5

49.7

49.7

49.7

37.1

35.8

36.0

51.5

50.8

50.8

57.8

58.2

58.2

38.7

38.7

38.7

35.2

35.2

35.1

36.0

35.6

35.4

47.3

48.6

48.6

44.5

44.5

44.5

44.6

44.6

44.6

39.8

39.2

39.2

44.7

44.7

45.0

47.1

48.1

48.1

62.1

62.1

62.1

36.5

36.5

36.5

35.9

35.9

35.9

40.2

39.2

39.2

45.3

60.0

42.2

50.7

44.3

54.3

56.1

37.7

32.7

41.3

1

Final head counts will be published in the Small Grains 2011 Summary.
Crop Production (July 2011) 9

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Tobacco Area Harvested, Yield, and Production by Class – States and United States: 2010 and 

Forecasted July 1, 2011

Class and type

Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(acres) (acres) (pounds) (pounds) (1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Class 1, Flue-cured (11-14)

Georgia .............................................................

North Carolina ...................................................

South Carolina ...................................................

Virginia ..............................................................

United States .....................................................

11,400

166,000

16,000

17,500

210,900

11,000

172,000

14,500

18,500

216,000

2,400

2,100

2,250

2,280

2,143

2,200

2,300

1,700

2,400

2,263

27,360

348,600

36,000

39,900

451,860

24,200

395,600

24,650

44,400

488,850

Peach Production – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted July 1, 2011

State

Total production

2010 2011

(tons) (tons)

Alabama ....................................................

Arkansas ...................................................

California ...................................................

 Clingstone 1...........................................

 Freestone ..............................................

Colorado ....................................................

Connecticut ...............................................

Georgia .....................................................

Idaho .........................................................

Illinois ........................................................

Maryland ....................................................

Massachusetts ...........................................

Michigan ....................................................

Missouri .....................................................

New Jersey ................................................

New York ...................................................

North Carolina ...........................................

Ohio ...........................................................

Pennsylvania .............................................

South Carolina ...........................................

Texas ........................................................

Utah ...........................................................

Virginia ......................................................

Washington ...............................................

West Virginia .............................................

United States .............................................

6,000

3,000

817,000

432,000

385,000

14,000

1,200

40,000

7,400

9,100

4,000

1,750

14,000

4,200

36,000

5,900

5,500

6,240

21,200

110,000

14,000

4,300

6,210

14,000

5,300

1,150,300

5,700

2,500

815,000

430,000

385,000

13,000

1,200

40,000

8,500

10,500

3,890

1,850

20,000

5,500

32,000

6,000

5,000

5,500

25,400

90,000

6,500

3,400

6,000

14,000

5,700

1,127,140

1 California Clingstone is over-the-scale tonnage and includes culls and cannery diversions.
10 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Miscellaneous Fruits and Nuts Production by Crop – States and United States: 2010 and Forecasted 

July 1, 2011

Crop and State

Total production

2010 2011

(tons) (tons)

Grapes (California only)

Table type 1..................................................

Wine type .....................................................

Raisin type 1.................................................

Total ............................................................

Apricots

California .....................................................

Utah .............................................................

Washington ..................................................

United States ...............................................

1,008,000

3,629,000

2,079,000

6,716,000

59,200

280

5,900

65,380

1,100,000

3,400,000

2,200,000

6,700,000

55,000

175

4,000

59,175

(1,000 pounds) (1,000 pounds)

Almonds, shelled basis 2

California ..................................................... 1,640,000 1,950,000

1

Fresh equivalent of dried and not dried.

2 Utilized production.
Crop Production (July 2011) 11

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Utilized Production of Citrus Fruits by Crop – States and United States: 2009-2010 and

Forecasted July 1, 2011

[The crop year begins with the bloom of the first year shown and ends with the completion of harvest the following year]

Crop and State

Utilized production boxes 1 Utilized production ton equivalent

2009-2010 2010-2011 2009-2010 2010-2011

(1,000 boxes) (1,000 boxes) (1,000 tons) (1,000 tons)

Oranges

Early, mid, and navel 2

 California ..........................................

 Florida ..............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Valencia

 California ..........................................

 Florida ..............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

All

 California ..........................................

 Florida ..............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Grapefruit

White

 Florida ..............................................

Colored

 Florida ..............................................

All

 California ..........................................

 Florida ..............................................

 Texas ................................................

 United States ....................................

Tangerines and mandarins

Arizona 3...............................................

California 3............................................

Florida ..................................................

United States ........................................

Lemons

Arizona .................................................

California ..............................................

United States ........................................

Tangelos

Florida ..................................................

42,500

68,600

1,360

112,460

15,000

65,100

275

80,375

57,500

133,700

1,635

192,835

6,000

14,300

4,500

20,300

5,600

30,400

350

9,900

4,450

14,700

2,200

21,000

23,200

900

48,000

70,000

1,700

119,700

13,000

69,000

249

82,249

61,000

139,000

1,949

201,949

5,900

14,000

3,500

19,900

6,100

29,500

300

9,900

4,600

14,800

2,500

21,000

23,500

1,150

1,594

3,087

58

4,739

563

2,930

12

3,505

2,157

6,017

70

8,244

255

608

151

863

224

1,238

13

371

211

595

84

798

882

41

1,920

3,150

72

5,142

520

3,105

11

3,636

2,440

6,255

83

8,778

251

595

140

846

244

1,230

12

396

219

627

100

840

940

52

1 Net pounds per box: oranges in California-80 (75 prior to the 2010-2011 crop year), Florida-90, Texas-85; grapefruit in California-80 (67 prior to the 

2010-2011 crop year), Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80 (76 prior to the 2010-2011 crop year), tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and 

California-80 (75 prior to the 2010-2011 crop year), Florida-95.

2 Navel and miscellaneous varieties in California. Early (including navel) and midseason varieties in Florida and Texas. Small quantities of tangerines 

in Texas and Temples in Florida.

3

Includes tangelos and tangors.
12 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and 

United States: 2010 and 2011

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Spring 1

Arizona .......................

California ....................

Florida .........................

 Hastings area ..........

 All other areas .........

North Carolina .............

Texas ..........................

United States ..............

Summer

Colorado .....................

Delaware ....................

Illinois ..........................

Kansas ........................

Maryland .....................

Missouri ......................

New Jersey .................

Texas ..........................

Virginia ........................

Other States ................

United States ..............

3.7

27.1

33.2

21.5

11.7

16.0

8.8

88.8

4.0

1.6

5.8

4.5

2.1

7.3

1.9

6.0

5.8

-

39.0

3.8

29.0

35.4

22.4

13.0

17.0

7.9

93.1

4.5

1.6

7.0

5.0

2.1

(D)

2.0

(D)

6.0

12.7

40.9

3.7

27.0

31.8

20.3

11.5

15.0

8.4

85.9

3.8

1.6

5.6

4.4

2.1

7.2

1.7

5.5

5.6

-

37.5

3.8

29.0

33.7

21.2

12.5

16.5

7.5

90.5

4.4

1.6

6.9

4.8

2.1

(D)

2.0

(D)

5.9

11.0

38.7

280

405

250

250

250

195

235

289

370

275

350

335

340

300

230

390

170

(X)

310

290

370

256

265

240

210

230

283

360

275

380

340

340

(D)

200

(D)

240

300

313

1,036

10,935

7,950

5,075

2,875

2,925

1,974

24,820

1,406

440

1,960

1,474

714

2,160

391

2,145

952

-

11,642

1,102

10,730

8,618

5,618

3,000

3,465

1,725

25,640

1,584

440

2,622

1,632

714

(D)

400

(D)

1,416

3,304

12,112

See footnote(s) at end of table. --continued
Crop Production (July 2011) 13

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Potato Area Planted and Harvested, Yield, and Production by Seasonal Group – States and 

United States: 2010 and 2011 (continued)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Seasonal group

and State

Area planted Area harvested Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (cwt) (cwt) (1,000 cwt) (1,000 cwt)

Fall 2

California ................................

Colorado .................................

Idaho ......................................

 10 Southwest counties ........

 All other counties ................

Maine .....................................

Massachusetts ........................

Michigan .................................

Minnesota ...............................

Montana .................................

Nebraska ................................

Nevada ...................................

New Mexico ............................

New York ................................

North Dakota ..........................

Ohio ........................................

Oregon ...................................

Pennsylvania ..........................

Rhode Island ..........................

Washington ............................

Wisconsin ...............................

United States ..........................

All 

United States ..........................

6.0

55.5

295.0

16.0

279.0

55.0

3.8

44.0

45.0

11.5

19.0

7.2

6.2

16.2

84.0

2.2

35.5

9.5

0.6

135.0

62.5

893.7

1,021.5

8.6

54.0

320.0

19.0

301.0

56.5

3.6

45.0

49.0

11.0

20.0

6.9

6.1

16.5

83.0

2.1

38.5

9.2

0.6

155.0

63.0

948.6

1,082.6

6.0

55.2

294.0

16.0

278.0

54.8

3.8

43.5

42.0

11.3

18.6

7.2

6.2

16.0

80.0

2.1

35.5

9.0

0.6

134.0

61.5

881.3

1,004.7

8.6

53.8

319.0

19.0

300.0

55.5

3.5

44.5

46.0

10.7

19.7

6.9

6.0

16.1

79.0

2.0

38.5

8.7

0.6

155.0

62.0

936.1

1,065.3

380

390

389

550

380

290

285

360

405

325

415

385

400

320

275

290

565

245

275

610

395

409

395

2,280

21,528

114,440

8,800

105,640

15,892

1,083

15,660

17,010

3,673

7,719

2,772

2,480

5,120

22,000

609

20,058

2,205

165

81,740

24,293

360,727

397,189

- Represents zero.

(D) Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Estimates for current year carried forward from earlier forecast.

2

The forecast of fall potato production will be published in Crop Production released November 2011.
14 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fall Potato Percent of Acreage Planted by Type of Potato – Selected States and Total: 2010 and 2011

[Predominant type shown may include small portion of other type(s) constituting less than 1 percent of State's total. Blue types are reported under 

red types.]

State

Potato types

Reds Whites Yellows Russets

2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011 2010 2011

(percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent)

Colorado ...................

Idaho .........................

Maine ........................

Michigan ...................

Minnesota .................

New York ..................

North Dakota .............

Oregon ......................

Pennsylvania ............

Washington ...............

Wisconsin .................

Total .........................

2

3

4

2

21

3

22

3

5

3

10

6

1

3

4

2

20

7

26

3

10

3

11

7

3

4

40

87

11

90

35

19

92

11

37

21

4

4

39

85

9

86

23

14

89

7

37

18

10

1

5

-

1

5

2

2

1

1

1

2

8

1

3

-

1

5

1

3

1

1

1

2

85

92

51

11

67

2

41

76

2

85

52

71

87

92

54

13

70

2

50

80

-

89

51

73

- Represents zero.

Fall Potato Area Planted for Certified Seed – Selected States and Total: 2010 and 2011

[Data supplied by State seed certification officials]

State

2010 Crop 2011 Crop

Entered for

certification Certified Percentcertified

Entered for

certification

(acres) (acres) (percent) (acres)

Alaska ......................

California .................

Colorado ..................

Idaho ........................

Maine .......................

Michigan ..................

Minnesota ................

Montana ...................

Nebraska .................

New York .................

North Dakota ............

Oregon .....................

Pennsylvania ...........

Washington ..............

Wisconsin ................

Total ........................

154

618

13,326

30,464

11,115

2,277

8,154

9,938

4,949

862

17,926

2,436

271

2,915

8,133

113,538

154

618

12,053

30,461

10,849

2,273

6,976

9,938

4,914

862

15,872

2,436

271

2,915

8,119

108,711

100

100

90

100

98

100

86

100

99

100

89

100

100

100

100

96

150

399

15,000

31,000

11,134

2,365

8,107

9,543

5,062

846

17,800

2,635

278

2,887

8,313

115,519
Crop Production (July 2011) 15

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Dry Edible Pea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2010 and 2011

[Excludes both wrinkled seed peas and Austrian winter peas]

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Idaho ............................

Montana .......................

North Dakota ................

Oregon .........................

Washington ..................

United States ................

31.0

220.0

430.0

7.0

68.0

756.0

20.0

190.0

130.0

6.0

70.0

416.0

30.0

207.0

400.0

6.4

68.0

711.4

18.0

180.0

125.0

5.8

70.0

398.8

Lentil Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2010 and 2011

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Idaho ............................

Montana .......................

North Dakota ................

Washington ..................

United States ................

55.0

260.0

265.0

78.0

658.0

30.0

280.0

100.0

60.0

470.0

54.0

247.0

255.0

78.0

634.0

29.0

270.0

96.0

60.0

455.0

Austrian Winter Pea Area Planted and Harvested – States and United States: 2010 and 2011

State

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Idaho ............................

Montana .......................

Oregon .........................

United States ................

11.0

16.0

4.2

31.2

6.0

10.0

3.0

19.0

9.0

7.0

1.9

17.9

5.0

8.0

2.0

15.0
16 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres) (1,000 acres)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all ................................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all ............................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all ...........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all ........................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 2....................................................................

2,872

88,192

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

3,138

390

3,636

1,211

5,404

(NA)

53,603

37,335

2,570

13,698

1,448.8

(X)

421

50.5

1,288.0

2.3

175.0

77,404

1,951.5

10,974.2

10,770.0

204.2

1,171.4

(NA)

(NA)

31.2

1,911.4

756.0

658.0

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,021.5

88.8

39.0

893.7

(NA)

119.8

(NA)

2,815

92,282

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

2,587

320

2,676

1,252

5,345

56,433

41,108

1,698

13,627

1,142.8

(X)

229

26.0

1,152.0

2.0

137.5

75,208

1,856.0

13,725.0

13,436.0

289.0

1,237.5

(NA)

(NA)

19.0

1,258.0

416.0

470.0

(NA)

1,082.6

93.1

40.9

948.6

132.6

2,465

81,446

5,567

59,862

19,956

39,906

1,263

363

3,615

265

4,808

273

47,637

31,749

2,529

13,359

1,431.0

(X)

418

48.1

1,255.0

2.2

167.7

76,616

1,873.8

10,698.7

10,497.0

201.7

1,155.7

877.5

337.5

17.9

1,842.7

711.4

634.0

(NA)

6.3

31.3

71.3

1,004.7

85.9

37.5

881.3

18.6

116.9

0.5

2,480

84,888

57,605

19,329

38,276

934

2,649

242

4,588

47,174

32,307

1,647

13,220

1,121.4

224

24.8

1,122.0

1.9

131.5

74,258

1,770.5

1,196.9

889.0

336.1

15.0

1,207.2

398.8

455.0

30.0

1,065.3

90.5

38.7

936.1

128.2

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2 Area is total acres in crop, not harvested acres.
Crop Production (July 2011) 17

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per acre Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(1,000) (1,000)

Grains and hay

Barley ................................................................................... bushels

Corn for grain ........................................................................ bushels

Corn for silage ............................................................................tons

Hay, all .......................................................................................tons

 Alfalfa .....................................................................................tons

 All other ..................................................................................tons

Oats ...................................................................................... bushels

Proso millet ........................................................................... bushels

Rice 1........................................................................................... cwt

Rye ....................................................................................... bushels

Sorghum for grain ................................................................. bushels

Sorghum for silage ......................................................................tons

Wheat, all ............................................................................. bushels

 Winter ............................................................................... bushels

 Durum ............................................................................... bushels

 Other spring ...................................................................... bushels

Oilseeds

Canola ...................................................................................pounds

Cottonseed .................................................................................tons

Flaxseed ............................................................................... bushels

Mustard seed .........................................................................pounds

Peanuts .................................................................................pounds

Rapeseed ..............................................................................pounds

Safflower ...............................................................................pounds

Soybeans for beans .............................................................. bushels

Sunflower ..............................................................................pounds

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1............................................................................... bales

 Upland 1................................................................................ bales

 American Pima 1................................................................... bales

Sugarbeets .................................................................................tons

Sugarcane ..................................................................................tons

Tobacco .................................................................................pounds

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas 1.................................................................. cwt

Dry edible beans 1....................................................................... cwt

Dry edible peas 1......................................................................... cwt

Lentils 1........................................................................................ cwt

Wrinkled seed peas ..................................................................... cwt

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ......................................................................pounds

Hops ......................................................................................pounds

Peppermint oil ........................................................................pounds

Potatoes, all ................................................................................. cwt

 Spring ...................................................................................... cwt

 Summer ................................................................................... cwt

 Fall .......................................................................................... cwt

Spearmint oil .........................................................................pounds

Sweet potatoes ............................................................................ cwt

Taro (Hawaii) .........................................................................pounds

73.1

152.8

19.3

2.43

3.40

1.95

64.3

31.8

6,725

28.0

71.8

12.5

46.4

46.8

42.4

46.1

1,713

(X)

21.7

870

3,311

1,891

1,320

43.5

1,460

812

805

1,200

27.6

31.2

2,130

1,666

1,726

1,999

1,365

(NA)

1,250

2,093

89

395

289

310

409

125

204

(NA)

69.6

60.5

44.6

46.2

38.7

41.7

283

313

180,268

12,446,865

107,314

145,556

67,903

77,653

81,190

11,535

243,104

7,431

345,395

3,420

2,208,391

1,485,236

107,180

615,975

2,450,947

6,098.1

9,056

41,861

4,155,600

4,160

221,335

3,329,341

2,735,570

18,104.1

17,600.0

504.1

31,901

27,360

718,883

237

31,801

14,221

8,657

580

7,900

65,492.6

6,363

397,189

24,820

11,642

360,727

2,318

23,845

3,900

172,658

56,551

2,106,119

1,491,739

63,720

550,660

25,640

12,112

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Yield in pounds.
18 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Area Planted and Harvested – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Area planted Area harvested

2010 2011 2010 2011

(hectares) (hectares) (hectares) (hectares)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain 1....................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 2.............................................................................

 Alfalfa ..............................................................................

 All other ...........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain 1.............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 2.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower .............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ............................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 2.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ................................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 2......................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall ..................................................................................

Spearmint oil .......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) 3....................................................................

1,162,270

35,690,420

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,269,920

157,830

1,471,450

490,080

2,186,940

(NA)

21,692,600

15,109,100

1,040,050

5,543,440

586,310

(X)

170,370

20,440

521,240

930

70,820

31,324,620

789,750

4,441,150

4,358,510

82,640

474,050

(NA)

(NA)

12,630

773,520

305,950

266,290

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

413,390

35,940

15,780

361,670

(NA)

48,480

(NA)

1,139,200

37,345,600

(NA)

(NA)

(NA)

1,046,930

129,500

1,082,950

506,670

2,163,070

22,837,870

16,636,000

687,160

5,514,710

462,480

(X)

92,670

10,520

466,200

810

55,640

30,435,930

751,100

5,554,370

5,437,410

116,960

500,800

(NA)

(NA)

7,690

509,100

168,350

190,200

(NA)

438,120

37,680

16,550

383,890

53,660

997,560

32,960,380

2,252,910

24,225,550

8,075,990

16,149,560

511,120

146,900

1,462,950

107,240

1,945,750

110,480

19,278,220

12,848,500

1,023,460

5,406,250

579,110

(X)

169,160

19,470

507,890

890

67,870

31,005,730

758,310

4,329,660

4,248,030

81,630

467,700

355,120

136,580

7,240

745,720

287,900

256,570

(NA)

2,550

12,660

28,850

406,590

34,760

15,180

356,650

7,530

47,310

190

1,003,630

34,353,320

23,312,170

7,822,250

15,489,910

377,980

1,072,020

97,930

1,856,720

19,090,850

13,074,320

666,520

5,350,000

453,820

90,650

10,040

454,060

770

53,220

30,051,470

716,500

484,370

359,770

136,000

6,070

488,540

161,390

184,130

12,150

431,120

36,620

15,660

378,830

51,880

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Area planted for all purposes.

2

Total may not add due to rounding.

3 Area is total hectares in crop, not harvested hectares.
Crop Production (July 2011) 19

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Crop Yield and Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year. 

Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Yield per hectare Production

2010 2011 2010 2011

(metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons) (metric tons)

Grains and hay

Barley .................................................................................

Corn for grain ......................................................................

Corn for silage ....................................................................

Hay, all 1.............................................................................

 Alfalfa .............................................................................

 All other ..........................................................................

Oats ....................................................................................

Proso millet .........................................................................

Rice ....................................................................................

Rye .....................................................................................

Sorghum for grain ...............................................................

Sorghum for silage ..............................................................

Wheat, all 1.........................................................................

 Winter .............................................................................

 Durum .............................................................................

 Other spring ....................................................................

Oilseeds

Canola ................................................................................

Cottonseed .........................................................................

Flaxseed .............................................................................

Mustard seed ......................................................................

Peanuts ..............................................................................

Rapeseed ...........................................................................

Safflower ............................................................................

Soybeans for beans ............................................................

Sunflower ...........................................................................

Cotton, tobacco, and sugar crops

Cotton, all 1.........................................................................

 Upland ............................................................................

 American Pima ...............................................................

Sugarbeets .........................................................................

Sugarcane ..........................................................................

Tobacco ..............................................................................

Dry beans, peas, and lentils

Austrian winter peas ...........................................................

Dry edible beans .................................................................

Dry edible peas ...................................................................

Lentils .................................................................................

Wrinkled seed peas ............................................................

Potatoes and miscellaneous

Coffee (Hawaii) ...................................................................

Hops ...................................................................................

Peppermint oil .....................................................................

Potatoes, all 1.....................................................................

 Spring .............................................................................

 Summer ..........................................................................

 Fall .................................................................................

Spearmint oil ......................................................................

Sweet potatoes ...................................................................

Taro (Hawaii) ......................................................................

3.93

9.59

43.21

5.45

7.63

4.36

2.31

1.78

7.54

1.76

4.51

28.08

3.12

3.15

2.85

3.10

1.92

(X)

1.36

0.98

3.71

2.12

1.48

2.92

1.64

0.91

0.90

1.34

61.88

69.89

2.39

1.48

1.93

2.24

1.53

(NA)

1.41

2.35

0.10

44.31

32.39

34.80

45.88

0.14

22.86

(NA)

3.75

2.17

3.00

3.11

2.60

2.80

31.76

35.08

3,924,870

316,164,930

97,353,620

132,046,180

61,600,570

70,445,620

1,178,470

261,610

11,027,010

188,760

8,773,440

3,102,570

60,102,550

40,421,500

2,916,960

16,764,090

1,111,730

5,532,100

230,030

18,990

1,884,950

1,890

100,400

90,609,810

1,240,830

3,941,700

3,831,950

109,750

28,940,100

24,820,570

326,080

10,750

1,442,470

645,050

392,670

26,310

3,580

29,710

2,890

18,016,190

1,125,820

528,070

16,362,300

1,050

1,081,590

1,770

3,759,180

820,840

57,319,170

40,598,480

1,734,170

14,986,510

1,163,010

549,390

(NA) Not available.

(X) Not applicable.

1 Production may not add due to rounding.
20 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Domestic Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not 

yet begun]

Crop

Production

2010 2011

(1,000) (1,000)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ...............................................................tons

Lemons ..................................................................tons

Oranges .................................................................tons

Tangelos (Florida) ..................................................tons

Tangerines and mandarins .....................................tons

Noncitrus

Apples .................................................... 1,000 pounds

Apricots ..................................................................tons

Bananas (Hawaii) .............................................. pounds

Grapes ...................................................................tons

Olives (California) ..................................................tons

Papayas (Hawaii) .............................................. pounds

Peaches .................................................................tons

Pears .....................................................................tons

Prunes, dried (California) .......................................tons

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .................tons

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) ............................ pounds

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ...................................tons

Pecans, in-shell ................................................. pounds

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ..................................tons

Maple syrup ...................................................... gallons

1,238

882

8,244

41

595

9,301.6

65.4

17,800

7,414.2

195.0

30,100

1,150.3

813.6

127.0

12.1

1,640,000

28

293,740

503

1,960

1,230

940

8,778

52

627

59.2

1,127.1

122.0

1,950,000

2,794

1 Production years are 2009-2010 and 2010-2011.
Crop Production (July 2011) 21

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Fruits and Nuts Production – United States: 2010 and 2011 (Metric Units)

[Data are the latest estimates available, either from the current report or from previous reports. Current year estimates are for the full 2011 crop year, 

except citrus which is for the 2010-2011 season. Blank cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun]

Crop

Production

2010 2011

(metric tons) (metric tons)

Citrus 1

Grapefruit ....................................................................

Lemons .......................................................................

Oranges .......................................................................

Tangelos (Florida) .......................................................

Tangerines and mandarins ..........................................

Noncitrus

Apples .........................................................................

Apricots .......................................................................

Bananas (Hawaii) ........................................................

Grapes ........................................................................

Olives (California) ........................................................

Papayas (Hawaii) ........................................................

Peaches ......................................................................

Pears ...........................................................................

Prunes, dried (California) .............................................

Prunes and plums (excludes California) .......................

Nuts and miscellaneous

Almonds, shelled (California) .......................................

Hazelnuts, in-shell (Oregon) ........................................

Pecans, in-shell ...........................................................

Walnuts, in-shell (California) ........................................

Maple syrup .................................................................

1,123,090

800,140

7,478,830

37,190

539,770

4,219,140

59,310

8,070

6,726,020

176,900

13,650

1,043,530

738,090

115,210

10,980

743,890

25,400

133,240

456,310

9,800

1,115,840

852,750

7,963,270

47,170

568,800

53,680

1,022,520

110,680

793,790

13,970

1 Production years are 2009-2010 and 2010-2011.
22 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service
Crop Production (July 2011) 23

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

June Weather Summary

Across the south-central United States, relentlessly hot, mostly dry weather maintained severe stress on pastures, 

rangeland, and rain-fed summer crops. Even some heavily irrigated crops on the southern Plains suffered under the spell 

of record-breaking heat and drought. Texas experienced its hottest June, breaking a 1953 record, and endured its driest 

June since 1934.

Farther north, however, cool, showery weather continued to plague the northern Plains and the Northwest, hampering crop 

development and late-season planting efforts. Flooding intensified along the Missouri River, as heavy rain falling on 

saturated soils combined with runoff from melting snow in the northern Rockies.

Meanwhile, much of the Corn Belt experienced improving conditions, following early-season planting delays. Across the 

previously waterlogged eastern Corn Belt and upper Midwest, producers were able to plant most of the remaining acreage

intended for corn and soybeans. As the month progressed, warmer weather promoted Midwestern crop emergence and 

development.

Elsewhere, drought covered not only the southern Plains but also stretched from Arizona to the southern Atlantic Coast. 

Wildfires and poor crop conditions were obvious symptoms of the soil moisture shortages. Toward month’s end, however, 

an increase in shower activity started to provide some Southeastern drought relief.

Monthly temperatures averaged as many as 5 degrees Fahrenheit below normal across the northern High Plains and parts 

of the West, but ranged from 5 to 10 degrees Fahrenheit above normal in much of the south-central United States.

June Agricultural Summary

Above average temperatures and unusually dry weather continued to dominate much of the southern half of the United 

States during June, compounding the effects of low soil moisture levels and adversely affecting crop conditions. 

Temperatures in an area centered over Oklahoma and northern Texas were as many as 8 degrees above average, with 

recordings in isolated locations reaching upward of 10 degrees above average. Conversely, cool, wet weather limited 

fieldwork and small grain crop development throughout much of the Northern Tier and along the Pacific Coast.

By June 5, corn producers had planted 94 percent of this year’s crop, 5 percentage points behind last year and 

4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. As the month began, planting was most active in Ohio, where improved 

conditions allowed ample time for fieldwork following unusually wet weather earlier in the season. Warm temperatures 

coupled with adequate soil moisture levels in many of the major producing States provided nearly ideal growing 

conditions for emerging corn plants during the first half of June. By June 19, emergence was 97 percent complete, 

3 percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Silking was underway in seven of 

the 18 major estimating States by July 3; however, progress was well behind both last year and normal in most States due 

to late spring planting. Overall, 69 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, 

compared with 67 percent on June 5 and 71 percent from the same time last year.

Warm, sunny weather aided a rapid planting pace in many of the major sorghum-producing States during the first half of 

June. In the 14 day period ending June 12, producers planted 29 percent of this year’s crop. Dryland sorghum fields across 

much of Texas were in need of rainfall to continue developing, while harvest was underway in a limited number of fields 

in the Coastal Bend by mid-month. With activity limited to Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas, one-quarter of the Nation’s 

sorghum crop was headed by June 19, eight percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. As June 

ended, heading inched forward, with progress yet to begin in Kansas and limited development evident in Texas. Overall, 

36 percent of the sorghum crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 38 percent on 

June 12 and 71 percent from the same time last year.

Poor weather conditions throughout the spring led to seeding and crop development delays in many of the major 

oat-producing States. Seeding was ongoing as the month began and despite significant delays in North Dakota and Ohio, 

planting progress Nationwide was 96 percent complete by June 12. Emergence was 96 percent complete by June 19, with 

heading complete in Texas and underway in all other major estimating States except North Dakota. Warmer temperatures 
24 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

across much of the growing region promoted double-digit head development during the week ending June 26. By month’s 

end, harvest was nearly complete in Texas, while head development was behind both last year and the average in all other 

estimating States. Overall, 59 percent of the oat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 

58 percent on June 5 and 81 percent from the same time last year.

With seeding nearing completion in Idaho, Minnesota, and Washington, 80 percent of the Nation’s barley crop was in the 

ground by June 5, nineteen percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Despite improved weather 

conditions affording producers in North Dakota ample time to complete fieldwork early in the month, seeding progress for 

the State was 25 percentage points behind normal by June 12. Although warmer temperatures in portions of the major 

barley-producing regions promoted rapid crop emergence during the first half of the month, progress remained well 

behind normal. Toward month’s end, producers in North Dakota battled soggy fields in hopes of sowing as much of their 

intended acreage as possible before the lateness of the season prevented further seeding. By July 3, barley producers 

Nationwide had seeded 96 percent of this year’s crop, with 93 percent of the crop emerged. With progress limited to 

Idaho, Minnesota, and Washington, 9 percent of the barley crop was at or beyond the headed stage by July 3, thirty 

percentage points behind last year and 38 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 76 percent of the barley 

crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 66 percent on June 12 and 85 percent from the 

same time last year.

Seventy-nine percent of the 2011 winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage by June 5, four percentage points 

behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. In Kansas, the largest winter wheat-producing State, 

heading was complete with 50 percent of the crop turning color and 11 percent mature. Harvest was underway in 

Arkansas, California, North Carolina, Oklahoma, and Texas, with progress in the southern Great Plains well ahead of 

normal due to unusually hot, dry weather that helped to quickly dry down the crop. Heading progress in the Pacific 

Northwest and northern Rocky Mountains was limited by cool, wet weather throughout much of the month. Harvest 

advanced at a rapid a pace in many States as warm, dry weather continued to quickly mature the crop. By July 3, 

ninety-seven percent of the winter wheat crop was at or beyond the heading stage, with 56 percent of the crop harvested, 

4 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Overall, 36 percent of the winter wheat crop was 

reported in good to excellent condition, compared with 34 percent on June 5 and 63 percent from the same time last year.

As June began, spring wheat seeding continued in the six major estimating States. By June 5, emergence had advanced to 

57 percent complete, 32 percentage points behind last year and 35 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Improved 

growing conditions in most States promoted double-digit emergence during the 14 days ending June 12; however, overall 

progress remained well behind normal. Cool, wet conditions in Montana and North Dakota led to delays of 21 percentage 

points or more by June 19. With progress complete in four of the six major spring wheat-producing States, 95 percent of 

the crop was seeded by June 26. Thirteen percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage by July 3. With cool 

temperatures dominating much of the Northern Tier throughout the growing season, head development was 32 percentage 

points or more behind normal. Overall, 70 percent of the spring wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

July 3, compared with 68 percent on June 12 and 83 percent from the same time last year.

Rice producers had seeded 99 percent of the rice crop by June 5, on par with last year but slightly ahead of the 5-year 

average. In Arkansas, fields were being flooded with 89 percent of the crop emerged. Warmer temperatures in California 

promoted increased crop emergence mid-month. By June 19, Nationwide emergence was 97 percent complete, on par 

with both last year and the 5-year average. While double-digit progress was evident in California, hot, dry weather limited 

seed germination in Texas, where emergence was 14 percentage points behind normal. Heading was underway in the 

Lower Delta and Texas by June 26, with progress most advanced in Louisiana. As June ended, rice fields in California 

were sprayed with herbicide as producers along the Upper Coast in Texas prepared to begin harvest. Overall, 60 percent 

of the rice crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 59 percent on June 5 and 72 percent 

from the same time last year.

With the exception of States where soybean planting was nearing completion, nearly ideal weather conditions and 

producers switching their focus from corn to beans allowed for double-digit progress during early June. By June 12, 

producers had planted 87 percent of this year’s crop, 3 percentage points behind last year and 2 percentage points behind 

the 5-year average. In Iowa, warmer temperatures and sunshine promoted rapid crop growth. Favorable fieldwork 

conditions continued much of the month, and by June 26, producers had planted 97 percent of the Nation’s crop, slightly 
Crop Production (July 2011) 25

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Blooming was underway in 17 of the 18 major estimating States by July 3, 

but progress was behind normal. Overall, 66 percent of the soybean crop was reported in good to excellent condition on 

July 3, compared with 67 percent on June 12 but unchanged from the same time last year.

Nationally, 86 percent of this year’s peanut crop was planted by June 5, four percentage points behind last year and 

slightly behind the 5-year average as producers in many areas were waiting as long as possible to begin or continue 

planting in hopes of increased rainfall and soil moisture. As of June 19, planting was complete or nearly complete in all 

major estimating States except Alabama where unusually dry soils left many fields in need of soaking moisture and led to 

the need for some replanting. Pegging was underway in seven of the eight major peanut-producing States by June 19. 

Scattered rainfall in portions of the Southeast helped to improve crop conditions in areas, but peg development remained 

behind normal. By July 3, twenty-six percent of the peanut crop was pegging, 11 percentage points behind last year and 

5 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 30 percent of the peanut crop was reported in good to excellent 

condition on July 3, compared with 29 percent on June 12 and 72 percent from the same time last year.

By June 5, twenty-eight percent of the sunflower crop was planted, 23 percentage points behind last year and 

29 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Improved weather conditions allowed for increased fieldwork in the four 

major estimating States mid-month. By July 3, producers had planted 93 percent of this year’s crop, 5 percentage points 

behind the 5-year average. Although some fields in North Dakota remained wet, mostly sunny skies afforded producers 

time to complete some fieldwork at month’s end.

As the month began, cotton planting was most active in Tennessee, where warm temperatures and sunny skies provided 

nearly a week of days suitable for fieldwork. By June 5, producers had planted 87 percent of the Nation’s crop, 

3 percentage points behind last year but on par with the 5-year average. In Texas, producers planted dryland fields in the 

Plains to meet insurance deadlines. While warm temperatures promoted rapid square development in Arizona, Louisiana, 

and Virginia mid-month, hot, windy weather coupled with mostly short to very short soil moisture levels damaged 

portions of the cotton crop in the High Plains of Texas. Nationally, 21 percent of the crop was at or beyond the squaring 

stage by June 19, five percentage points behind last year and 4 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Above 

average temperatures continued across the South throughout much of June, aiding rapid crop development in many 

cotton-producing States. Bolls were setting on 9 percent of the country’s cotton acreage by June 26, two percentage points 

ahead of last year but on par with the 5-year average. Conversely, poor seed germination and emergence of dryland cotton 

in areas of the Texas Plains left crop development behind normal. By July 3, squaring was 49 percent complete, 

13 percentage points behind last year and 6 percentage points behind the 5-year average. Overall, 28 percent cotton crop 

was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 28 percent on June 12 and 65 percent from the same 

time last year.

Ninety-six percent of the sugarbeet crop was planted by June 5, four percentage points behind both last year and the 

5-year average.

Crop Comments

Oats: Production is forecast at 56.6 million bushels, down 30 percent from 2010. If realized, this will be the lowest 

production on record, surpassing the previous record low set last year. Based on conditions as of July 1, the average yield 

for the United States is forecast at 60.5 bushels per acre, down 3.8 bushels from 2010. Growers expect to harvest 

934,000 acres for grain or seed, unchanged from the previous forecast but down 26 percent from last year. If realized, this 

will be smallest harvested area on record, also surpassing the previous record low set last year. Compared with 2010, yield 

decreases are expected in 13 of the 17 estimating States. 

Overall, the oat crop has developed behind the normal pace this year in most of the nine major producing States. However 

as June began, seeding was complete or nearly complete in all but North Dakota and Ohio, where prolonged wet 

conditions delayed progress. Due to unfavorable weather conditions, crop emergence was also slow during the month 

throughout much of the major producing regions. As of July 3, two-thirds of the oat acreage was headed, 20 points behind 

last year’s pace and 18 points behind the 5-year average. On July 3, fifty-nine percent of the oat crop was rated as good to 

excellent, compared with 81 percent last year.
26 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Barley: Production for 2011 is forecast at 173 million bushels, down 4 percent from 2010. Based on conditions as of 

July 1, the average yield for the United States is forecast at 69.6 bushels per acre, down 3.5 bushels from last year’s record 

high. Area harvested for grain or seed, at 2.48 million acres, is unchanged from the previous forecast but up 1 percent 

from 2010. A record high yield is expected in Utah.

As June began, seeding was nearly complete in Idaho, Minnesota, and Washington. However, cool, wet weather 

conditions had hampered seeding in Montana and North Dakota throughout much of the spring, holding overall progress 

well behind normal. Due to adverse weather conditions, crop emergence was slow throughout much of the major 

producing regions during the month as well. By July 3, seeding was complete in all major estimating States except North 

Dakota, where producers continued to battle soggy fields in portions of the State in hopes of sowing as much of their 

intended acreage as possible before the lateness of the season prevented further seeding. While ninety-three percent of the 

barley crop was emerged by July 3, only 9 percent was at or beyond the heading stage compared with the 5 year average 

of 38 percent. Overall, 76 percent of the barley crop was reported in good to excellent condition on July 3, compared with 

66 percent on June 12 and 85 percent for the same time last year.

Winter wheat: Production is forecast at 1.49 billion bushels, up 3 percent from the June 1 forecast and up slightly from 

2010. Based on July 1 conditions, the United States yield is forecast at 46.2 bushels per acre, up 0.9 bushel from last 

month but down 0.6 bushel from last year. Expected grain area totals 32.3 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage

report released on June 30, 2011 but up 2 percent from last year. Harvest in the 18 major producing States was 56 percent 

complete by July 3, four points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average.

Drought conditions in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas throughout the growing season accelerated crop development. As of 

July 3, harvest progress was significantly ahead of normal and nearing completion in these States.

As of July 3, harvest progress in the Soft Red Winter (SRW) growing area was ahead of normal in all major States except 

Indiana, Michigan, and Ohio, where progress was 2 to 11 points behind the 5-year average. While excellent growing 

conditions during the month in many of the SRW areas led to significant yield increases from the June forecast, wet 

conditions have negatively impacted the crop in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. 

Record high yields are expected in Arkansas, Michigan, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oregon, South Carolina, and 

Tennessee.

Durum wheat: Production is forecast at 63.7 million bushels, down 41 percent from 2010. The United States yield is 

forecast at 38.7 bushels per acre, down 3.7 bushels from last year’s yield. Area harvested for grain is expected to total 

1.65 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2011 but down 35 percent from last year.

Yield forecasts are down from last year in all major producing States. Due to flooding and excessively wet conditions, 

crop development in Montana and North Dakota, the two largest producing States, are significantly behind normal.

Other spring wheat: Production is forecast at 551 million bushels, down 11 percent from last year. The United States 

yield is forecast at 41.7 bushels per acre, down 4.4 bushels from last year. Area harvested for grain is expected to total 

13.2 million acres, unchanged from the Acreage report released on June 30, 2011 but down 1 percent from last year.

In the six major producing States, 13 percent of the crop was at or beyond the heading stage as of July 3, thirty-four 

percentage points behind last year and 39 points below the 5-year average. Flooding and prolonged wet weather has 

slowed crop development in most States. By July 3, heading in North Dakota and Montana had not yet begun, and was 

48 and 32 percentage points behind the 5-year average, respectively. As a result of the wet conditions, forecasted yields 

are down from last year in all States except South Dakota. 

Lentils: Planted area of lentils is estimated at 470,000 acres, down 29 percent from last season’s record high acreage. 

Harvested area is forecast at 455,000 acres, down 28 percent from last year.

Montana growers planted 97 percent of the crop by June 12. In North Dakota, planting began in early May, three weeks 

behind last year's starting date due to wet conditions. Condition of the crop was rated mostly fair to good through June 26, 
Crop Production (July 2011) 27

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

with both topsoil and subsoil moisture supplies in the northwest region reported as adequate to surplus. In Idaho, a very 

cool, wet spring prevented some growers from planting this season.

Dry edible peas: Planted area of dry edible peas is estimated at 416,000 acres, down 45 percent from last year. Area for 

harvest, at 398,800 acres, is 44 percent below a year ago. If realized, this will be the lowest planted and harvested acreage 

estimates since 2003.

In North Dakota, due to wet conditions, planting began during the beginning of May, three weeks behind last year's 

starting date. As of June 26, planting was 76 percent complete, behind last year and the 5-year average. Moisture supplies 

have been rated adequate to surplus throughout the season. Despite widespread precipitation, Montana growers were 

99 percent complete with spring planting by June 12. Idaho experienced a very cool, wet spring prohibiting many acres 

from being planted.

Austrian winter peas: Planted area of Austrian winter peas is estimated at 19,000 acres, down 39 percent from a year 

ago. Area harvested is forecast at 15,000 acres, down 16 percent from 2010.

Tobacco: United States all flue-cured tobacco production is forecast at 489 million pounds, up 8 percent from the 2010 

crop. Area harvested, at 216,000 acres, is 2 percent above last year. Yield per acre for flue-cured tobacco is forecast at 

2,263 pounds, up 120 pounds from a year ago. Forecasted yields for flue-cured tobacco in North Carolina and Virginia 

increased from last year. 

As of July 3, the North Carolina crop was rated in mostly fair to good condition. Many farmers started to irrigate 

flue-cured tobacco as weather has been hot and dry in many growing areas. Flue-cured tobacco production in Virginia is 

progressing well. At the beginning of July, the majority of flue-cured tobacco was in fair to good condition. Most of the 

flue belt growing area received timely rains contributing to a favorable crop. Tobacco lay-by continued and some early 

topping had occurred. South Carolina flue-cured tobacco production has been affected by drought as most growers 

reported a warm and dry growing season this year. The majority of the crop was rated in fair to good condition as of 

July 3. Some growers reported exceptionally low yields due to the lack of rain. Georgia flue-cured acreage was reported 

mostly in fair condition as of July 3.

All potatoes: Potato growers across the United States planted an estimated 1.08 million acres of potatoes in all four 

seasons of the 2011 crop year, up 6 percent from the previous year. Area for harvest, forecasted at 1.07 million acres, is 

also up 6 percent from 2010.

Fall potatoes: Area planted to fall potatoes in 2011 is estimated at 948,600 acres, up 6 percent from the 2010 crop year. 

Harvested area is forecast at 936,100 acres, also up 6 percent from 2010.

In Idaho, growers increased acreage from last year driven by strong prices. In California, adequate water supplies led to 

increased potato acreage in the Klamath Basin. In Colorado producers continued to voluntarily limit acreage for water 

conservation. 

Less than optimal planting and growing conditions delayed the fall potato crop in Maine where potato development was 

1-2 weeks behind schedule as of June 19. Heavy rains in mid-June reportedly led to drown outs in some low lying areas. 

In North Dakota, cold, wet weather caused delays in planting. In Oregon, crop development was reportedly behind due to 

cold, wet spring conditions.

Summer potatoes: Production of summer potatoes is forecast at 12.1 million cwt, up 4 percent from 2010. Harvested area 

is estimated at 38,700 acres, 3 percent above last year. Average yield is forecast at 313 cwt per acre, up 3 cwt from 2010.

In New Jersey, weather conditions delayed planting but fields were reportedly in good condition. In Virginia, nearly ideal 

conditions persisted with timely rains and hot weather allowing good growth. In Kansas, hot, dry and windy conditions 

reportedly slowed crop progress. Excessive April and May rains in Missouri caused crop losses in some areas and 

negatively impacted yields. In Texas, growers were experiencing dry conditions. 
28 Crop Production (July 2011)

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Peaches: United States peach production is forecast at 1.13 million tons, down 2 percent from 2010. Twelve of the 

23 Freestone peach estimating States expect decreases in production from last year, while eight States increased their 

production from the previous season, and three States showed no change. Freestone production, at 697,140 tons, is down 

3 percent from last season.

The California Clingstone crop is forecast at 430,000 tons, down slightly from a year ago. Crop development was slowed 

due to spring rains and cooler than normal April temperatures. This year's statewide full bloom date was three days later 

than last year. The Extra Early and Early varieties were reported to have a heavy set, while the Late and Extra Late 

varieties were reported to have an average set.

The California Freestone crop is forecast at 385,000 tons, unchanged from 2010. California experienced an adequate 

number of chilling hours, thus benefiting the Freestone crop. Weather during the bloom period was very beneficial, which 

resulted in a good set. Growers were expecting to thin more this year due to the good set. There have been some reports of 

hail damage on the early varieties, but overall the crop has been reported as good. Early variety peach harvest began 

during May. Harvest continued during June with Brittney Lane, Crimson Lady, Ivory Princess, and Snow Brite the major 

varieties harvested. 

South Carolina peach growers expect a smaller crop than last year. Continued hail damage coupled with little to no 

rainfall has tempered expectations for this year’s crop. In Georgia, despite prevailing drought conditions this spring, 

growers expect a good crop.

Mild temperatures and timely rains during late spring through early summer provided favorable growing conditions for 

New Jersey peaches. Adequate moisture and natural thinning has produced ample sized fruit with good quality. Harvest of 

early varieties has begun.

Crop condition reports have been mixed this season in Pennsylvania. Some counties were hit hard by the heavy spring 

rains, tornados, and storms which damaged trees and fruit. In other areas, producers reported a good set with a heavy crop. 

Pennsylvania growers anticipate harvesting more peaches in 2011 than were harvested last year. Michigan peach growers 

expect a full crop in 2011. Some growers reported thinning trees to avoid over production.

Washington growers in the central area indicated that the late fall 2010 freeze and cold, wet spring conditions have had 

some negative effect on this year's peach crop, but overall, peaches have faired well. The slower growing season aided 

fruit quality and sizing. Harvest was expected to be delayed by two to three days. Weather conditions have been favorable 

for Illinois peach production this year. Some reported instances of hail and frost damage have not lowered expectations 

for a full crop.

California grapes: California’s all grape production is forecast at 6.70 million tons, down slightly from last season. Wine 

type grapes account for 51 percent of California’s total production, raisin type grapes account for 33 percent, while the 

remaining 16 percent are table type grapes. Grape development is about two weeks behind normal due to a cool, wet 

spring.

Wine type grape production is forecast at 3.40 million tons, down 6 percent from the 2010 crop. Raisin type grape 

production is forecast at 2.20 million tons, up 6 percent from last year. Bunch counts of Thompson seedless grapes in the 

central and southern area of the San Joaquin Valley are up 11 percent from last year. Table type grape production is 

expected to be 1.10 million tons, up 9 percent from last year. Harvest of table and raisin type grapes continued in the 

Coachella Valley.

Apricots: The final forecast for the 2011 apricot crop is 59,175 tons, down 9 percent from last year. The apricot crop in 

California represents 93 percent of the total 2011 United States apricot production. Harvest continued throughout the 

Central and San Joaquin Valley and is expected to conclude in late July. The quality of the crop has been good, despite the 

cool temperatures and late rain experienced during the spring.
Crop Production (July 2011) 29

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Washington's apricot crop was affected by a hard freeze in November, spring frost, and poor pollination resulting from 

cold, wet weather. Washington growers experienced their coldest April in history. Utah’s production was also affected by 

an unseasonably cool spring with multiple frosts well into May.

Almonds: The 2011 California almond production (shelled basis) is forecast at 1.95 billion pounds, up 19 percent from 

the 2010 production of 1.64 billion pounds. The cold spring lengthened the bloom, causing more overlap between 

varieties. Freezing temperatures affected the northern regions more than the south, however frost damage was not 

significant. Despite the cold weather, pollination was successful and California almond trees set a good crop. Older 

plantings suffered some damage from strong winds that accompanied spring storms but overall damage was minimal. The 

crop in general was reported to be good.

Grapefruit: The 2010-2011 United States grapefruit crop is forecast at 1.23 million tons, up 1 percent from the June 1 

forecast but down 1 percent from the 2009-2010 crop. As of July 1, approximately 99 percent of the white grapefruit crop 

and all of the colored grapefruit crop had been harvested.

Tangerines and mandarins: The United States tangerine and mandarin crop is forecast at 627,000 tons, up 2 percent 

from the June 1 forecast and up 5 percent from the previous season. Harvest of tangerines was complete in all States. 

Lemons: The forecast for the 2010-2011 United States lemon crop is 940,000 tons, unchanged from the June 1 forecast 

but up 7 percent from the 2009-2010 final utilization. In California harvest ended in the San Joaquin Valley while picking 

continued in the Southern Coastal region. 

Tangelos: Florida’s tangelo forecast is 1.15 million boxes (52,000 tons), unchanged from the June 1 forecast but up 

28 percent from last season’s final utilization.

Florida citrus: In the citrus growing areas, weather stations reported lows in the 60s and highs in the 90s this month. 

Heavier rainfall near the end of the month signaled the beginning of the summer rainy season. The recent rainfall 

eliminated drought conditions in the Central and Western portions of the citrus growing region, but exceptional drought 

conditions continued in the Eastern and Southeastern areas.

Harvesting of most citrus varieties has been completed. Valencias were harvested throughout the month of June with the 

harvest nearing completion toward the end of the month. Approximately 10 packinghouses and 5 processors were still 

open. Valencia oranges and grapefruit made up the majority of fruit going to the plants. Heavy irrigation and harvesting 

dominated the grove activities this month.

California citrus: The Valencia orange and grapefruit harvests continued normally in the San Joaquin Valley, as the 

navel orange, lemon, and mandarin harvests neared completion.

California noncitrus fruits and nuts: The blueberry harvest was in full swing with the crop being sold to both domestic 

and international markets. Cool weather extended the season and improved the quality of berries in Tulare County. 

Strawberry harvest continued across the State, while nurseries had excellent growth in Siskiyou County. There was good 

development in grape vineyards across the State, though the crop was one to two weeks behind due to adverse weather 

earlier in the season. Sulfur applications continued in vineyards to treat powdery mildew. Apples and pomegranates were 

growing well. The stone fruit harvest, including peaches, nectarines, plums, and apricots, was ongoing. Cherry harvest 

continued, but some producers were concerned about rain damage to late maturing varieties in affected areas. The harvest 

of apricots, peaches, and nectarines was ongoing. Chemical applications were applied to combat pressure cause by current 

weather patterns.

Almonds continued to develop well as warmer temperatures led to normal leaf drop, occurring later than usual due to cold 

and wet weather earlier in the year. Pesticides and fungicides were applied even though mite and insect pressure continued 

to be minimal in most orchards. Codling moth, weed control, and fungus treatments were ongoing in walnut orchards. 

There was good development in pistachio orchards as some replanting was done along with irrigation. Blight control 

sprays were ongoing in walnut orchards as were pesticide sprays in pistachio orchards though nut fill had not begun.
30 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Statistical Methodology

Wheat survey procedures: Objective yield and farm operator surveys were conducted between June 24 and July 6 to 

gather information on expected yield as of July 1. The objective yield survey was conducted in 10 States that accounted 

for 72 percent of the 2010 winter wheat production. Farm operators were interviewed to update previously reported 

acreage data and seek permission to randomly locate two sample plots in selected winter wheat fields. The counts made 

within each sample plot depended upon the crop's maturity. Counts such as number of stalks, heads in late boot, and 

number of emerged heads were made to predict the number of heads that would be harvested. The counts are used with 

similar data from previous years to develop a projected biological yield. The average harvesting loss is subtracted to 

obtain a net yield. The plots are revisited each month until crop maturity when the heads are clipped, threshed, and 

weighed. After the farm operator has harvested the sample field, another plot is sampled to obtain current year harvesting 

loss.

The farm operator survey was conducted primarily by telephone with some use of mail, internet, and personal 

interviewers. Approximately 8,900 producers were interviewed during the survey period and asked questions about the 

probable yield on their operation. These growers will continue to be surveyed throughout the growing season to provide 

indications of average yields.

Orange survey procedures: The orange objective yield survey for the July 1 forecast was conducted in Florida, which 

typically accounts for nearly 75 percent of the United States production. Bearing tree numbers are determined at the start 

of the season based on a fruit tree census conducted every other year, combined with ongoing review based on 

administrative data or special surveys. From mid-July to mid-September, the number of fruit per tree is determined. In 

September and subsequent months, fruit size measurement and fruit droppage surveys are conducted, which combined 

with the previous components, are used to develop the current forecast of production. California and Texas conduct 

grower and packer surveys on a quarterly basis in October, January, April, and July. California also conducts objective 

measurement surveys in September for navel oranges and in March for Valencia oranges.

Wheat estimating procedures: National and State level objective yield and grower reported data were reviewed for 

reasonableness and consistency with historical estimates. The survey data were also reviewed considering weather 

patterns and crop progress compared to previous months and previous years. Each State Field Office submits their 

analysis of the current situation to the Agricultural Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State 

analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecasts.

Orange estimating procedures: State level objective yield estimates for Florida oranges were reviewed for errors, 

reasonableness, and consistency with historical estimates. Reports from growers and packers in California and Texas were 

also used for setting estimates. These three States submit their analyses of the current situation to the Agricultural 

Statistics Board (ASB). The ASB uses the survey data and the State analyses to prepare the published July 1 forecast.

Revision policy: The July 1 production forecast will not be revised; instead, a new forecast will be made each month 

throughout the growing season. End-of-season wheat estimates are made after harvest. At the end of the wheat marketing 

season, a balance sheet is calculated using carryover stocks, production, exports, millings, feeding, and ending stocks. 

Revisions are then made if the balance sheet relationships or other administrative data warrant changes. End-of-season 

orange estimates will be published in September’s Citrus Fruits Summary. The orange production estimates are based on 

all data available at the end of the marketing season, including information from marketing orders, shipments, and 

processor records. Allowances are made for recorded local utilization and home use.

Reliability: To assist users in evaluating the reliability of the July 1 production forecast, the "Root Mean Square Error," a 

statistical measure based on past performance, is computed. The deviation between the July 1 production forecast and the 

final estimate is expressed as a percentage of the final estimate. The average of the squared percentage deviations for the 

latest 20-year period is computed. The square root of the average becomes statistically the "Root Mean Square Error." 

Probability statements can be made concerning expected differences in the current forecast relative to the final 

end-of-season estimate, assuming that factors affecting this year's forecast are not different from those influencing recent 

years.
Crop Production (July 2011) 31

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 winter wheat production forecast is 2.0 percent. This means that chances are 

2 out of 3 that the current winter wheat production will not be above or below the final estimate by more than 2.0 percent. 

Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 3.4 percent. Differences between 

the July 1 winter wheat production forecast and the final estimate during the past 20 years have averaged 24 million 

bushels, ranging from 1 million to 65 million bushels. The July 1 forecast has been below the final estimate 10 times and 

above 10 times. This does not imply that the July 1 winter wheat forecast this year is likely to understate or overstate final 

production.

The "Root Mean Square Error" for the July 1 orange production forecast is 1.4 percent whether you include or exclude the 

four abnormal production seasons (two freeze seasons and two hurricane seasons). This means that chances are 2 out of 

3 that the current orange production forecast will not be above or below the final estimates by more than 1.4 percent. 

Chances are 9 out of 10 (90 percent confidence level) that the difference will not exceed 2.5 percent, or 2.4 percent, 

excluding abnormal seasons. 

Changes between the July 1 orange forecast and the final estimates during the past 20 years have averaged 119,000 tons 

(116,000 tons, excluding abnormal seasons), ranging from 13,000 tons to 370,000 tons when including or excluding 

abnormal seasons. The July 1 forecast for oranges has been below the final estimate 7 times and above 13 times (below 

4 times and above 12 times, excluding abnormal seasons). The difference does not imply that the July 1 forecast this year 

is likely to understate or overstate final production.
32 Crop Production (July 2011)

USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service

Information Contacts

Listed below are the commodity statisticians in the Crops Branch of the National Agricultural Statistics Service to contact 

for additional information. E-mail inquiries may be sent to nass@nass.usda.gov

Lance Honig, Chief, Crops Branch .......................................................................................................(202) 720-2127

Jacqueline Moore, Head, Field Crops Section ...................................................................................... (202) 720-2127

 Suzanne Avilla – Peanuts, Rice........................................................................................................ (202) 720-7688

 Bryan Durham – Oats, Rye, Wheat.................................................................................................. (202) 720-8068

 Steve Maliszewski – Cotton, Cotton Ginnings, Sorghum................................................................ (202) 720-5944

 Anthony Prillaman – Corn, Proso Millet, Flaxseed ......................................................................... (202) 720-9526

 Julie Schmidt – Crop Weather, Barley, Hay .................................................................................... (202) 720-7621

 Travis Thorson – Soybeans, Sunflower, Other Oilseeds..................................................................(202) 720-7369

Jorge Garcia-Pratts, Head, Fruits, Vegetables and Special Crops Section............................................(202) 720-2127

 Debbie Flippin – Fresh and Processing Vegetables, Onions, Strawberries......................................(202) 720-2157

 Fred Granja – Apples, Apricots, Cherries, Plums, Prunes, Tobacco ...............................................(202) 720-4288

 Chris Hawthorn – Citrus, Coffee, Grapes, Sugar Crops, Tropical Fruits.........................................(202) 720-5412

 Dan Norris – Austrian Winter Peas, Dry Edible Peas, Lentils, Mint,

 Mushrooms, Peaches, Pears, Wrinkled Seed Peas, Dry Beans ..................................................(202) 720-3250

 Kim Ritchie – Hops..........................................................................................................................(360) 709-2400

 Daphne Schauber – Berries, Cranberries, Potatoes, Sweet Potatoes ...............................................(202) 720-4285

 Erika White – Floriculture, Maple Syrup, Nursery, Tree Nuts .......................................................(202) 720-4215
Access to NASS Reports

For your convenience, you may access NASS reports and products the following ways:

 All reports are available electronically, at no cost, on the NASS web site: http://www.nass.usda.gov

 Both national and state specific reports are available via a free e-mail subscription. To set-up this free 

subscription, visit http://www.nass.usda.gov and in the “Receive NASS Updates” box under “Receive reports by 

Email,” click on “National” or “State” to select the reports you would like to receive. 

 Printed reports may be purchased from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) by calling toll-free 

(800) 999-6779, or (703) 605-6220 if calling from outside the United States or Canada. Accepted methods of 

payment are Visa, MasterCard, check, or money order. 

For more information on NASS surveys and reports, call the NASS Agricultural Statistics Hotline at (800) 727-9540, 

7:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. ET, or e-mail: nass@nass.usda.gov. 

 

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