# A Z R H F I P 3 N P RT S D A pp . B , p . 1 A pp e nd i x B

t o t h e T S D f

o r t h e P r opo s e d A c ti on on t h e F I P f

o r t h e R e g i on a l H a z e

i n A r i zon a 

# V i s i b ili t y i m

p ac t s o f A r i z o n a f

a c ili t i e s o n C l a ss I a r ea s w i t h i n 300 k m : b a r c h a r t s a n d t a b l e s f

o r b a s e ca s e a n d c o n t r o ls ce n a r i os A Z R H F I P p h a s e 3 N P R M , J a n u ar y 201 4 A l l b ar c h ar t s a n d t ab l e s i n t h i s app e n d i x u s e v i s i b il it y m e t h o d “ 8 b ” , t h e n e w I M P R OV E e qu a t i o n ( C A L P O S T M V I S B K = 8 ) , a n d b e s t 20 % n a t u r a l b a c kg r o u n d c o n d it i o n s . I m p ac t s ar e t h e 98 t h p e r ce n t il e o f d e l

t a d e c i v i e w im

p ac t s . D e g r ee o f v i s i b il it y i m p r o v e m e n t o r v i s i b il it y b e n e f it i s t h e i m p ac t f o r a b a s e ca s e m i nu s im

p ac t f o r a c o n t r o l c a s e . T h e c h ar t s a n d t ab l e s w e r e e x p o r t e d f r o m t h e c o rr e s p o n d i n g M i c r o s o f t E x c e l s p r ea d s h ee t s f

o r eac h f a c il i t y , a v a i l a b l e i n t h e d o c k e t ( c h ar t s f r o m ‘ d d v

_ s u mm ’ s h ee t a n d t ab l e s f r o m ‘ d d v

_ f

u l l ’ s h ee t ) . T h o s e s p r ea d s h ee t s a l s o h a v e r e s u l t s f o r a d d it i o n a l s ce n ar i o s ( f

o r S u n d t ) a n d f

o r a l t e r n a t i v e v i s i b il it y m e t h o d s a n d m e t r i c s ( o l d I M P R OV E e qu a t i o n , a n n u a l a v e r a g e b ac kg r o u n d , i n d i v i du a l y ear r e s u l t s , n u m b e r o f d a y s o v e r 0 . 5 d v ) . T h e s p r ea d s h ee t s h a v e f i l e n a m e s li k e : FA C I L I TY

_v i s i b i l i t y

_ r e s u l t s . x l sx 

# , T h e s p r ea d s h e e t f

o r C h o ll a , S p r i n g e r v il l e , S u n d t 1

- 3 i s Ot h e r

_ R P

_v i s i b i l i t y

_ r e s u l t s . x l sx 

# ; it u s e c o p i e s o f t ab l e s f

r o m s p r ea d s h e e t s p r e p ar e d b y E P A ’ s c o n t ac t o r UN C ) . F o r s i x o f t h e f

ac i l it i e s ( S u n d t 4 , N e l s o n , H a y d e n , M i a mi , C P C , P CC ) , t h e r e ar e t h r ee o r f o u r p a g e s ea c h : • i m p ac t b ar c h ar t , 22 n d h i g h o v e r 2001

- 2003 • b e n e f i t s b ar c h ar t , 22 n d h i g h o v e r 2001

- 2003 • i m p ac t a n d b e n e f

it s t ab l e s , w it h i n d i v i du a l y e ar 8 t h h i g h s , t h e i r a v e r a g e , a n d 22 n d h i g h o v e r 2001

- 2003 ( t a k e s t w o p a g e s f o r S u n d t a n d f

o r H a y d e n du e t o t h e n u m b e r o f c o n t r o l s ce n ar i o s ) F o r t h r ee o f t h e f

a c il it i e s ( C h o ll a , S p r i n g e r v i ll e , S u n d t 1

- 3 ) , t h e r e ar e j u s t t w o p a g e s eac h : • i m p ac t a n d b e n e f

it s b ar c h ar t s , 22 n d h i g h o v e r 2001

- 2003 • i m p ac t a n d b e n e f

it s t ab l e s , 22 n d h i g h o v e r 2001

- 2 003 F a c il i ty ........................................................... A pp . B P a ge T S D s ec. TE P S u n d t G e n e r a t i n g S t a t i o n , un it 4 ................................ 2 II I . B L h o i s t N e l s o n

L i m e P l a n ................................................... 6 II I . C A S A R C O H a y d e n S m

e l t e r ................................................ 9 II I . D F r ee p o r t M c M o R a n

M i a mi S m e l

t e r ................................ 1 3 II I . E C a l P o r t l a n d C e m e n t C o m

p a n y R i ll it o P l a n t .................... 1 6 I V . B P h o e n i x C e m e n t C o m

p a n y C l ar kd a l e P l a n t ..................... 1 9 I V . C A PS C h o ll a P o w e r P l a n t ................................................. 2 2 I V . D TE P S p r i n g e r v i l l e G e n e r a t i n g S t a t i o n ............................. 2 4 I V . E TE P S u n d t G e n e r a t i n g S t a t i o n , un it s 1 , 2 , 3 ...................... 2 6 I V . F

### C h i r i c a h u a NM C

h i r i c a h u a W i l d. G a li u r

o W i l d. G i l a W i l d. M az a t za l W i l d. M

o un t B a l d y W il d. P i n e

M o u n t a i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP Si e rr

a A n c h a W il d. S

u p e r st i t i o n W i l d. S

a g u a r o N P e a st S

a gu a r o N P w e st b a s e : B a s e c ase 0

.43 0

. 51 1. 10 0 .17 0. 19 0 .15 0

. 15 3. 40 0 .19 0. 32 3 .37 2

. 56 ct r l 1 4 : D S I 70% 0

.38 0

. 41 1. 00 0 .13 0. 12 0 .10 0

. 10 3. 21 0 .12 0. 23 3 .12 2

. 30 ct r l 0 2: D F GD 0

.36 0

. 41 0. 94 0 .12 0. 11 0 .09 0

. 09 3. 57 0 .11 0. 22 3 .57 2

. 57 ct r l 0 3 : W F GD 0

.37 0

. 40 1. 01 0 .12 0. 10 0 .09 0

. 09 3. 67 0 .10 0. 22 3 .67 2

. 60 c t r l 0 4 : S NCR 0

.40 0

. 46 0. 98 0 .15 0. 17 0 .13 0

. 14 3. 17 0 .18 0. 30 3 .14 2

. 35 ct r l 0 5 : S N C R ; D S I 7 5% 0

.31 0

. 36 0. 76 0 .13 0. 15 0 .12 0

. 12 2. 62 0 .15 0. 27 2 .59 1 . 93 c t r l 0 8 : S CR 0

.24 0

. 26 0. 63 0 .07 0. 07 0 .06 0

. 06 2. 35 0 .06 0. 13 2 .26 1 . 67 ct r l 1 3 : N a t l ga

s .2 2 lb 0

.34 0

. 35 0. 86 0 .11 0. 10 0 .09 0

. 09 2. 92 0 .11 0. 21 2 .88 2

. 12 

## 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 

# T E P S u ndt 4: 20

0 1 - 2003 V i s

ib i l i t y I m p a c t s ( d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m 8b; 22n d h i g h) F I P S O 2 , N Ox , a nd c

o m b i n e d c

o n t r o l s , E P A R H F I P N P R , J a n . 2014 I m p a ct, dv

### C h i r i c a hu a NM C

h i r i c a h u a W il d. G a li u r

o W i l d. G i l a W il d. M az a t za l W i l d. M ou n t B

a l d y W il d. P i n e

M o un t a i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. S

u pe r st i t i o n W i l d. S

a gu a r o N P e ast S

a g u a r o N P w e st b a s e: B a s e c ase c t r l 1 4 : D S I 70% 0

.05 0. 10 0 .10 0

. 04 0

. 07 0

.05 0. 05 0 .20 0. 06 0 . 09 0

. 25 0. 26 c t r l 0 2 : D F GD 0

.07 0. 10 0 .16 0

. 05 0

. 08 0

.05 0. 06 -0 . 16 0. 08 0 . 10 -

0. 20 - 0

.02 c t r l 0 3 : W F GD 0

.06 0. 11 0 .09 0

. 05 0

. 09 0

.06 0. 06 -0 . 27 0. 08 0 . 10 -

0. 30 - 0

.04 ct r l 0 4 : S N CR 0

.03 0. 05 0 .12 0

. 02 0

. 02 0

.01 0. 02 0 .23 0. 01 0 . 01 0

. 23 0. 21 c t r l 08 : S CR 0

.12 0. 15 0 .34 0

. 04 0

. 04 0

.03 0. 03 0 .78 0. 04 0 . 05 0

. 78 0. 63 ct r l 1 3 : N at l ga

s .2 2 lb 0

.19 0. 25 0 .47 0

. 10 0

. 12 0

.09 0. 09 1 .06 0. 12 0 . 19 1 . 11 0. 88 c t r l 15 : S NC R ; D S I 7 0% 0

.09 0. 16 0 .24 0

. 06 0

. 08 0

.06 0. 06 0 .49 0. 08 0 . 11 0

. 49 0. 44 

## - 0 .2 0 .0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 

# T EP S u n dt 4: 2 001 - 2 003 V i s i b i l i t y B e n e f i t s ( d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 2 2 nd h i g h) F I P SO 2 , N O x , a n d c

o m b i n e d c

o n t r o l s , E P A R H F I P N P R , J a n . 2

014 B e n e f i t , dv

## T E P S undt 4 , A ri z on a R H F I P

N P R , Ja nu a r

y 2014 98 t h p e r c e n t il e d e l t

a d eci v i e ws ( a pp r o x i ma te d b y 8 t h h i g h f o r ea c h o f 2001, 2002, 2003

; t h e i r Av e ra ge ; a nd 22

nd h i g h f o r 2001 - 2003 p e r i od) 

## V i s i b ili t y I m p a c ts , dv V i s i b ilit y m e t hod: 

### C

ont r ol S c en a r io v m 8b b a se : Ba se c a se c t r l 14: D SI 70% c t r l 02 : DF GD c t r l 03 : WF GD 

### C l ass I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 C h i r i c a hu a NM 0 . 38 0 . 43 0 . 51 0 . 44 0.43 0

. 35 0 . 38 0 . 38 0 . 37 0.38 0

. 36 0 . 35 0 . 36 0 . 36 0.36 0

. 33 0 . 37 0 . 36 0 . 36 0.37 C h i r i c a hu a W il d. 0 . 46 0 . 56 0 . 63 0 . 55 0.51 0

. 38 0 . 41 0 . 45 0 . 41 0.41 0

. 36 0 . 41 0 . 44 0 . 40 0.41 0

. 35 0 . 40 0 . 44 0 . 39 0.40 G a li u r o W il d. 0 . 94 1 . 10 1 . 11 1 . 05 1.10 0 . 88 0 . 94 1 . 00 0

. 94 1.00 0

. 89 0 . 94 1 . 05 0

. 96 0.94 0

. 95 0 . 93 1 . 06 0

. 98 1.01 G il a W il d. 0 . 14 0 . 17 0 . 19 0 . 17 0.17 0

. 10 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 12 0.13 0

. 10 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 11 0.12 0

. 10 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 11 0.12 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 18 0 . 21 0 . 11 0 . 17 0.19 0

. 11 0 . 15 0 . 07 0 . 11 0.12 0

. 11 0 . 14 0 . 07 0 . 11 0.11 0

. 10 0 . 14 0 . 07 0 . 10 0.10 M oun t B a l d y W il d. 0

. 14 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 14 0.15 0

. 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0.10 0

. 10 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0.09 0

. 10 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 09 0.09 P i n e M oun ta i n W il d. 0 . 15 0 . 22 0 . 09 0 . 15 0.15 0

. 10 0 . 16 0 . 05 0 . 11 0.10 0

. 09 0 . 15 0 . 05 0 . 09 0.09 0

. 09 0 . 15 0 . 05 0 . 09 0.09 S a g u ar o NP 3 . 37 3 . 25 3 . 46 3 . 36 3.40 3 . 31 3 . 12 3 . 12 3 . 18 3.21 3 . 57 3 . 47 3 . 61 3 . 55 3.57 3 . 83 3 . 53 3 . 51 3 . 62 3.67 S i e rr a A nch a W il d. 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 18 0 . 18 0.19 0

. 12 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 12 0.12 0

. 11 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0.11 0

. 11 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 10 0.10 S up e r s titi on W il d. 0 . 32 0 . 36 0 . 26 0 . 31 0.32 0

. 21 0 . 28 0 . 18 0 . 22 0.23 0

. 22 0 . 24 0 . 16 0 . 21 0.22 0

. 23 0 . 23 0 . 16 0 . 21 0.22 S agua r o N P ea st 3 . 37 3 . 04 3 . 46 3 . 29 3.37 3 . 31 2 . 95 3 . 12 3 . 13 3.12 3 . 57 3 . 47 3 . 61 3 . 55 3.57 3 . 83 3 . 53 3 . 42 3 . 59 3.67 S agua r o N P w e st 2 . 56 2 . 27 2 . 74 2 . 52 2.56 2 . 30 2 . 15 2 . 59 2 . 35 2.30 2 . 65 2 . 27 2 . 69 2 . 54 2.57 2 . 74 2 . 45 2 . 72 2 . 64 2.60 Max i mum 3 . 37 3 . 25 3 . 46 3 . 36 3.40 3 . 31 3 . 12 3 . 12 3 . 18 3.21 3 . 57 3 . 47 3 . 61 3 . 55 3.57 3 . 83 3 . 53 3 . 51 3 . 62 3.67 C umu l a t i v e (

sum) 6 . 25 6 . 63 6 . 69 6 . 52 6.60 5 . 69 5 . 80 5 . 59 5 . 69 5.80 5 . 90 6 . 01 6 . 05 5 . 98 6.01 6 . 18 6 . 04 5 . 96 6

. 06 6.17 

## V i s i b ili t y B e n ef i ts , dv V i s i b ilit y m e t hod: 

### C

ont r ol S c en a r io v m 8b b a se : Ba se c a se c t r l 14: D SI 70% c t r l 02 : DF GD c t r l 03 : WF GD 

### C l ass I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 C h i r i c a hu a NM 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 12 0 . 07 0.05 0

. 02 0 . 08 0 . 15 0 . 08 0.07 0

. 05 0 . 06 0 . 15 0 . 08 0.06 C h i r i c a hu a W il d. 0 . 07 0 . 14 0 . 19 0 . 13 0.10 0

. 09 0 . 14 0 . 20 0 . 14 0.10 0

. 11 0 . 16 0 . 20 0 . 16 0.11 G a li u r o W il d. 0 . 06 0 . 15 0 . 11 0 . 11 0.10 0

. 05 0 . 16 0 . 07 0 . 09 0.16 - 0

. 02 0 . 16 0 . 05 0 . 07 0.09 G il a W il d. 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 06 0 . 05 0.04 0

. 05 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 05 0.05 0

. 05 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 06 0.05 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 07 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 05 0.07 0

. 07 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 06 0.08 0

. 08 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 06 0.09 M oun t B a l d y W il d. 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0.05 0

. 05 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 05 0.05 0

. 05 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 05 0.06 P i n e M oun ta i n W il d. 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 05 0.05 0

. 06 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 06 0.06 0

. 06 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 06 0.06 S a g u ar o NP 0 . 06 0 . 13 0 . 35 0 . 18 0.20 - 0

. 20 - 0 . 21 - 0 . 15 - 0 . 19 - 0.16 - 0

. 46 - 0 . 27 - 0 . 04 - 0 . 26 - 0.27 S i e rr a A nch a W il d. 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0.06 0

. 07 0 . 10 0 . 08 0 . 08 0.08 0

. 07 0 . 11 0 . 07 0 . 08 0.08 S up e r s titi on W il d. 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0.09 0

. 10 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 11 0.10 0

. 09 0 . 13 0 . 10 0 . 11 0.10 S agua r o N P ea st 0 . 06 0 . 09 0 . 35 0 . 16 0.25 - 0

. 20 - 0 . 43 - 0 . 15 - 0 . 26 - 0.20 - 0

. 46 - 0 . 49 0 . 04 - 0 . 30 - 0.30 S agua r o N P w e st 0 . 26 0 . 12 0 . 15 0 . 18 0.26 - 0

. 09 0 . 00 0 . 05 - 0 . 01 - 0.02 - 0

. 18 - 0 . 17 0 . 02 - 0 . 11 - 0.04 Max i mum 0 . 11 0 . 15 0 . 35 0 . 18 0.20 0

. 10 0 . 16 0 . 20 0 . 14 0.16 0

. 11 0 . 16 0 . 20 0 . 16 0.11 C umu l a t i v e (

sum) 0 . 57 0 . 84 1 . 10 0

. 83 0.80 0

. 36 0 . 63 0 . 64 0 . 54 0.59 0

. 08 0 . 60 0 . 73 0 . 47 0.43 S a g u a r o NP h a s t h e g r

ea te s t 22nd h ig h i mp a c

ts f o r t h e b a s

e c a s e , a nd f o r t h e con t r

o l sc e n a r i os. S a g u a r o NP h a s t h e g r

ea te s t bene fit i n 22nd h ig h f

o r a ll t h e con t r

o l sc e n a r i os, e x c e p t G a li u r

o o r C h i r i c a hu a W il d. a r

e g r ea te r f o r so m e FG D sc

e n a r i os.

A Z R H FI P 3 N P R T S

D A pp. B , p.4 (f r o m S und t4

_ v i s i b ilit y

_ r e s u lt s. x l s x)

## V i s

i b ili t y I m p a c ts , dv V i s i b ilit y m e t hod: v m 8b 

### C l ass I A r ea C h i r i c a hu a NM C h i r i c a hu a W il d. G a li u r o W il d. G il a W il d. M a z a t z a l W il d. M oun t B a l d y W il d. P i n e M oun ta i n W il d. S a g u ar o NP S i e rr a A nch a W il d. S up e r s titi on W il d. S agua r o N P ea st S agua r o N P w e st Max i mum C umu l a t i v e (

sum) 

## V i s i b ili t y B e n ef i ts , dv V i s i b ilit y m e t hod: v m 8b 

### C l ass I A r ea C h i r i c a hu a NM C h i r i c a hu a W il d. G a li u r o W il d. G il a W il d. M a z a t z a l W il d. M oun t B a l d y W il d. P i n e M oun ta i n W il d. S a g u ar o NP S i e rr a A nch a W il d. S up e r s titi on W il d. S agua r o N P ea st S agua r o N P w e st Max i mum C umu l a t i v e (

sum) S a g u a r o NP S a g u a r o NP 

## T E P S

undt 4 , A ri z on a R H F I P

N P R , Ja nu a r

y 2014 98t h p e r c e n til e d e lta d ec

i v i e w s ( a pp r o x i m a ted b

y 8t h h ig h f

o r ea ch o f 2001 , 2002, 2003; t h e i r A v e r a ge ; a nd 22nd h ig h f

o r 2001 - 2003 p e r i od)

c t r l 04: S N CR c t r l 08 : S CR c t r l 13 : N a t l ga s .22lb c t r l 15 : S N CR ; D SI 70% 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 0 . 33 0 . 38 0 . 45 0 . 39 0.40 0

. 31 0 . 29 0 . 31 0 . 31 0.31 0

. 23 0 . 24 0 . 23 0 . 24 0.24 0

. 30 0 . 33 0 . 34 0 . 32 0.34 0 . 40 0 . 51 0 . 55 0 . 49 0.46 0

. 29 0 . 36 0 . 38 0 . 34 0.36 0

. 23 0 . 26 0 . 29 0 . 26 0.26 0

. 33 0 . 35 0 . 39 0 . 36 0.35 0 . 83 0 . 98 0 . 97 0 . 93 0.98 0

. 63 0 . 76 0 . 78 0 . 73 0.76 0

. 60 0 . 63 0 . 69 0 . 64 0.63 0

. 78 0 . 83 0 . 88 0 . 83 0.86 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 17 0 . 15 0.15 0

. 12 0 . 13 0 . 15 0 . 13 0.13 0

. 06 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 07 0.07 0

. 09 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 10 0.11 0 . 17 0 . 19 0 . 11 0 . 16 0.17 0

. 15 0 . 16 0 . 10 0 . 14 0.15 0

. 07 0 . 09 0 . 04 0 . 07 0.07 0

. 10 0 . 14 0 . 07 0 . 10 0.10 0 . 13 0 . 14 0 . 13 0 . 13 0.13 0

. 12 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 11 0.12 0

. 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0.06 0

. 10 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0.09 0 . 14 0 . 19 0 . 08 0 . 14 0.14 0

. 12 0 . 15 0 . 08 0 . 11 0.12 0

. 06 0 . 09 0 . 03 0 . 06 0.06 0

. 09 0 . 14 0 . 05 0 . 09 0.09 3 . 12 3 . 11 3 . 18 3 . 13 3.17 2 . 70 2 . 50 2 . 64 2 . 61 2.62 2 . 51 2 . 22 2 . 26 2 . 33 2.35 3 . 04 2 . 89 2 . 89 2 . 94 2.92 0 . 16 0 . 18 0 . 17 0 . 17 0.18 0

. 13 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 15 0.15 0

. 07 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0.06 0

. 11 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 0.11 0 . 31 0 . 32 0 . 24 0 . 29 0.30 0

. 28 0 . 24 0 . 21 0 . 25 0.27 0

. 14 0 . 15 0 . 10 0 . 13 0.13 0

. 19 0 . 25 0 . 16 0 . 20 0.21 3 . 12 2 . 76 3 . 18 3 . 02 3.14 2 . 70 2 . 41 2 . 62 2 . 58 2.59 2 . 51 2 . 20 2 . 25 2 . 32 2.26 3 . 04 2 . 69 2 . 86 2 . 86 2.88 2 . 35 2 . 10 2 . 48 2 . 31 2.35 1 . 90 1 . 70 1 . 99 1 . 86 1.93 1 . 71 1 . 55 1 . 67 1 . 64 1.67 2 . 12 1 . 96 2 . 34 2 . 14 2.12 3 . 12 3 . 11 3 . 18 3 . 13 3.17 2 . 70 2 . 50 2 . 64 2 . 61 2.62 2 . 51 2 . 22 2 . 26 2 . 33 2.35 3 . 04 2 . 89 2 . 89 2 . 94 2.92 5 . 72 6 . 15 6 . 05 5 . 97 6.08 4. 85 4. 85 4. 89 4. 86 4.99 4. 03 3 . 88 3 . 83 3 . 91 3.92 5 . 11 5 . 23 5 . 07 5 . 14 5.17

c t r l 04: S N CR c t r l 08 : S CR c t r l 13 : N a t l ga s .22lb c t r l 15 : S N CR ; D SI 70% 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd '01 - '03 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 05 0.03 0

. 07 0 . 14 0 . 20 0 . 13 0.12 0

. 15 0 . 18 0 . 28 0 . 20 0.19 0

. 08 0 . 10 0 . 17 0 . 12 0.09 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 06 0.05 0

. 17 0 . 20 0 . 26 0 . 21 0.15 0

. 23 0 . 29 0 . 34 0 . 29 0.25 0

. 13 0 . 20 0 . 24 0 . 19 0.16 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 15 0 . 12 0.12 0

. 31 0 . 34 0 . 33 0 . 33 0.34 0

. 34 0 . 47 0 . 43 0 . 41 0.47 0

. 16 0 . 27 0 . 23 0 . 22 0.24 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0.02 0

. 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0.04 0

. 08 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 10 0.10 0

. 06 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 06 0.06 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0.02 0

. 03 0 . 05 0 . 01 0 . 03 0.04 0

. 11 0 . 12 0 . 07 0 . 10 0.12 0

. 08 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 06 0.08 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0.01 0

. 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0.03 0

. 08 0 . 10 0 . 08 0 . 09 0.09 0

. 05 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 05 0.06 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 00 0 . 01 0.02 0

. 03 0 . 07 0 . 01 0 . 04 0.03 0

. 09 0 . 13 0 . 06 0 . 09 0.09 0

. 06 0 . 08 0 . 04 0 . 06 0.06 0 . 25 0 . 15 0 . 29 0 . 23 0.23 0

. 68 0 . 76 0 . 83 0 . 75 0.78 0

. 86 1 . 03 1 . 20 1 . 03 1.06 0 . 33 0 . 36 0 . 57 0 . 42 0.49 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0.01 0

. 04 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 04 0.04 0

. 11 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 12 0.12 0

. 07 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 08 0.08 0 . 01 0 . 05 0 . 02 0 . 03 0.01 0

. 03 0 . 12 0 . 05 0 . 07 0.05 0

. 18 0 . 21 0 . 17 0 . 18 0.19 0

. 13 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 12 0.11 0 . 25 0 . 28 0 . 29 0 . 27 0.23 0

. 68 0 . 63 0 . 84 0 . 71 0.78 0

. 86 0 . 84 1 . 21 0

. 97 1.11 0

. 33 0 . 35 0 . 60 0 . 43 0.49 0 . 21 0 . 18 0 . 26 0 . 22 0.21 0

. 66 0 . 58 0 . 75 0 . 66 0.63 0

. 85 0 . 72 1 . 07 0

. 88 0.88 0

. 44 0 . 31 0 . 40 0 . 38 0.44 0 . 25 0 . 15 0 . 29 0 . 23 0.23 0

. 68 0 . 76 0 . 83 0 . 75 0.78 0

. 86 1 . 03 1 . 20 1 . 03 1.06 0 . 33 0 . 36 0 . 57 0 . 42 0.49 0 . 53 0 . 49 0 . 64 0 . 55 0.52 1 . 41 1 . 78 1 . 80 1 . 66 1.61 2 . 23 2 . 75 2 . 86 2 . 61 2.68 1 . 15 1 . 40 1 . 62 1 . 39 1.44

A Z R H FI P 3 N P R T S

D A pp. B , p.5 (f r o m S und t4

_ v i s i b ilit y

_ r e s u lt s. x l s x)

### B r yc e C a n y o n NP G r

a n d C a n y o n NP J

o s h u a T r e e NP M aza t

z a l W i l d. P i n e M o u n t

a i n W il d. Si e rr

a A n c h a W il d . S

up e r st i t i o n W il d. S

yc a m o r e C a n y o n W i l d. Z i o n NP b as e: b as e c ase 0. 20 1. 79 0. 23 0 . 15 0

. 15 0

.11 0

.13 0

.31 0.28 ct r 1 : S N CR 0. 14 1. 22 0. 21 0 . 14 0

. 13 0

.10 0

.13 0

.24 0.20 ct r 2 : D SI 0. 17 1. 58 0. 15 0 . 11 0

. 11 0

.07 0

.09 0

.25 0.24 ct r 3 : L ow - S f u el 0. 18 1. 70 0. 19 0 . 13 0

. 13 0

.09 0

.11 0

.27 0.26 

## 0 .0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 1 .4 1 .6 1 .8 2 .0 

# N el s

on L i m e P l a n t : 200

1 - 2 0 03 V i s ibil i t y I m p a c t s (d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m8

b ; 22 n d h i g h) M o d el i n g b y Tr in i t

y f o r Lh o i s t , E P A R H F I P J a n . 2

014 I m p a c t , dv

### B r y c e C a n y on NP G r

a n d C a n y o n NP J

o s h u a T r e e NP M aza t

z a l W i l d. P i n e M o u n ta i n

W il d. Si e rr

a A n c h a W il d . S

u pe r st i t i o n W il d. S

y ca m o r e C a n y o n W i l d. Z i o n NP b a s e : b a s e ca se c t r 1 : S NCR 0. 06 0 . 58 0

.02 0. 01 0 . 02 0

.01 0.01 0. 07 0 . 08 c t r 2: D SI 0. 03 0 . 21 0

.07 0. 04 0 . 04 0

.04 0.04 0. 06 0 . 04 c t r 3 : L ow - S f u el 0. 02 0 . 10 0

.04 0. 02 0 . 02 0

.02 0.02 0. 04 0 . 02 

## 0 .0 0 .1 0 .2 0 .3 0 .4 0 .5 0 .6 0 .7 

# N e l s

o n L i m e P l a n t : 20 0 1 - 2 00 3 V i s ibili t y B e n e f i t s ( dv ; vi s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 2 2 nd hi g h) M od e l in g b y Tr ini t

y f o r Lh o i s t , E P A R H F I P J a n . 2

0 14 B e n e f i t , dv

## N e l s

o nL i m e P la n t , M o d e li n g b y L h o i s t , Ar iz o n a R H F I P, J a nu a r y 2014 98 t h p e r c e n t il e d e l t

a d e c i v i e ws (a ppr o x i m a t e d b y 8 t h hi g h f o r e a c h o f 2001 , 2002

, 2003 ; t h e ir A v e r a ge ; a nd 22

nd hi g h f o r 2001 - 2003 p e ri o d) 

## V i s i b ilit y I m p ac ts , dv V i s i b ili t y m e t h o d: 

### C

on t r ol S c e n a r io v m 8b b as

e: b as e c ase c t r 1 : S NCR c t r 2 : D SI c t r 3 : L o w -S f uel 

### C l a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 Br y c e C a n y on NP 0

. 17 0 . 18 0 . 24 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 11 0 . 13 0 . 20 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 16 0 . 18 0 . 16 0 . 17 0 . 16 0 . 17 0 . 20 0 . 17 0 . 18 G r a nd C a nyon NP 1 . 18 1 . 37 2 . 15 1 . 57 1 . 79 0 . 80 0 . 90 1 . 54 1 . 08 1 . 22 1 . 05 1 . 23 1 . 93 1 . 41 1 . 58 1 . 09 1 . 28 2 . 01 1 . 46 1 . 70 J o s hu a T r ee NP 0

. 26 0 . 23 0 . 17 0 . 22 0 . 23 0 . 25 0 . 22 0 . 17 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 18 0 . 16 0 . 11 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 23 0 . 19 0 . 14 0 . 18 0 . 19 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 11 0 . 18 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 11 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 14 0 . 08 0 . 13 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 15 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 13 P i n e M ount

a i n W il d. 0

. 11 0 . 19 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 10 0 . 14 0 . 14 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 09 0 . 14 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 16 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 13 S i e rra A n c h a W il d. 0

. 08 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 12 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 05 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 09 Sup e r s t i t i on W il d. 0 . 09 0 . 15 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 09 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 06 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 11 S y c am o r e C a n y on W il d. 0

. 23 0 . 26 0 . 35 0 . 28 0 . 31 0 . 19 0 . 22 0 . 30 0 . 24 0 . 24 0 . 18 0 . 22 0 . 26 0 . 22 0 . 25 0 . 20 0 . 24 0 . 29 0 . 24 0 . 27 Z i on NP 0 . 28 0 . 20 0 . 33 0 . 27 0 . 28 0 . 19 0 . 14 0 . 25 0 . 19 0 . 20 0 . 24 0 . 17 0 . 26 0 . 23 0 . 24 0 . 26 0 . 19 0 . 29 0 . 25 0 . 26 M a x i m um 1 . 18 1 . 37 2 . 15 1 . 57 1 . 79 0 . 80 0 . 90 1 . 54 1 . 08 1 . 22 1 . 05 1 . 23 1 . 93 1 . 41 1 . 58 1 . 09 1 . 28 2 . 01 1 . 46 1 . 70 C u m ul a t ive (

s u m) 2 . 51 2 . 88 3 . 81 3 . 07 3 . 34 1 . 92 2 . 12 3 . 00 2 . 35 2 . 49 2 . 09 2 . 40 3 . 15 2 . 54 2 . 77 2 . 25 2 . 60 3 . 39 2 . 75 3 . 05 

## V i s i b ilit y B e n e f its , dv V isi b ili t y m et hod: 

### C

on t r ol S c e n a r io v m 8b b as

e: b as e c ase c t r 1 : S NCR c t r 2 : D SI c t r 3 : L o w -S f uel 

### C l a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22nd ' 01 - ' 03 Br y c e C a n y on NP 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 06 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 05 0 . 02 0 . 02 G r a nd C a nyon NP 0 . 38 0 . 47 0 . 60 0 . 49 0 . 58 0 . 13 0 . 14 0 . 21 0 . 16 0 . 21 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 10 J o s hu a T r ee NP 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 00 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 00 0 . 03 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 P i n e M ount

a i n W il d. 0 . 01 0 . 05 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 S i e rra A n c h a W il d. 0 . 00 0 . 04 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 Sup e r s t i t i on W il d. 0 . 00 0 . 01 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 S y c am o r e C a n y on W il d. 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 09 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 04 Z i on NP 0 . 09 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 02 M a x i m um 0 . 38 0 . 47 0 . 60 0 . 49 0 . 58 0 . 13 0 . 14 0 . 21 0 . 16 0 . 21 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 10 C u m ul a t ive (

s u m) 0 . 59 0 . 76 0 . 81 0 . 72 0 . 85 0 . 42 0 . 48 0 . 66 0 . 52 0 . 57 0 . 25 0 . 28 0 . 43 0 . 32 0 . 29 G ra nd C a n y on NP h a s t h e g r

ea te s t 22 nd h i g h i m p a c

t s f o r t h e b a s

e c a s e , a nd f o r t h e c ont r o l sc e n ar i o s. G ra nd C a n y on NP h a s t h e g r

ea te s t bene f it i n 22 nd h i g h f o r a ll t h e c

ont r o l sc e n ar i o s.

A Z R H F I P 3

NP R T S D A pp . B , p .8 (f r o m N e l s o n

_ T r i n i t y

_ v i s i b ili t y

_ r e su l t s . x l s x)

### C h i r i ca hu a NM C

h i r i c a h u a W i l d. G a l i u r

o W il d. G i l a W i l d. M aza t za l W i l d. M ou n t

B a l d y W il d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e s t NP P i n e M o u n ta i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. S

up e r st i t i o n W i l d. S

yc a m o r e C a n y o n W i l d. b as e: B as e ca s e , p a r ms1 1 .05 1. 01 1.73 0 .69 0

. 88 0. 66 0 .70 0

. 67 1. 38 1.09 1 .74 0 . 51 c t r l 1 : m o r e Cs c a ta l y s t, p a r m s1 1 .00 0. 96 1.67 0 .66 0

. 85 0. 62 0 .67 0

. 64 1. 33 1.03 1 .66 0 . 49 ct r l 2 : n e w a c i d p l a n t , p a r ms1 0 .16 0. 15 0.28 0 .09 0

. 13 0. 09 0 .10 0

. 10 0. 20 0.15 0 .27 0

. 07 ct r l 3 : n e w p l a n t & m o r

e C s , p a r m s1 0

.10 0. 10 0.23 0 .06 0

. 09 0. 06 0 .06 0

. 07 0. 14 0.10 0 .21 0

. 05 b a s e t : B a s e c a s e , p a r ms2 1 .12 1. 08 2.05 0 .70 1 . 05 0. 70 0 .67 0

. 73 1. 64 1.27 2 .11 0

. 54 ct r l 1 t : m o r

e C s ca t a l y st , p a r m s2 1 .07 1. 03 1.95 0 .67 1 . 00 0. 66 0 .64 0

. 69 1. 55 1.21 2 .00 0

. 51 ct r l 2 t : n e w ac i d p l a n t , p a r ms2 0 .17 0. 17 0.35 0 .10 0

. 16 0. 10 0 .11 0

. 12 0. 24 0.19 0 .37 0

. 08 ct r l 3t : n e w p l a n t & m o r

e C s , p a r m s2 0

.11 0. 11 0.26 0 .07 0

. 10 0. 06 0 .07 0

. 08 0. 16 0.12 0 .25 0

. 05 

## 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 

# A S A R C O H a y d e n : 2 0 01 - 200 3 V i s ib i li t y I m p a c t s ( dv ; vi s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 22 nd hi g h) A l l c o n t r o l s & s t a c k p a r a m e t e r s , E P A R H F I P N P R J a n . 2014 I m p a c t , dv

### C h i r i ca hu a NM C

h i r i ca h u a W i l d. G a li u r

o W i l d. G il a W il d. M aza t z a l W i l d. M

o u n t B a l d y W il d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e st NP Pi ne M ou n t a i n W il d. S

a g u a r o NP S

i e rr a A n c h a W i l d. S

up e r st i t i o n W i l d. S

yc a m o r e C a n y o n W i l d. b as e: B as e c as e , p a r m s1 ct r l 1 : m o r e Cs c a ta l y st , p a r ms1 0

.04 0

. 05 0

. 06 0. 03 0. 03 0. 04 0.04 0.03 0 .05 0

.05 0

. 07 0

. 03 ct r l 2: n e w a c

i d p l a n t , p a r m s1 0 .89 0

. 87 1 . 45 0. 60 0. 75 0. 56 0.61 0.57 1 .18 0 .93 1 . 47 0 . 44 ct r l 3 : n e w p l a n t & m o r

e C s , p a r ms1 0

.95 0

. 91 1 . 50 0. 63 0. 79 0. 59 0.64 0.60 1 .24 0 .98 1 . 52 0 . 46 b as e t : B a s e c a s e , p a r m s2 ct r l 1t : m o r

e C s cat a l y st , p a r ms2 0

.06 0

. 06 0

. 10 0. 04 0. 06 0. 04 0.04 0.04 0 .08 0

.06 0

. 11 0

. 03 ct r l 2 t : n e w ac i d p l a n t , p a r m s2 0 .95 0

. 92 1 . 70 0. 60 0. 90 0. 59 0.57 0.61 1 .40 1 .08 1 . 74 0 . 45 ct r l 3t : n e w p l a n t & m o r

e C s , p a r m s2 1 .01 0 . 98 1 . 79 0. 64 0. 95 0. 63 0.61 0.65 1 .48 1 .15 1 . 86 0 . 48 

## 0 .0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 1 .4 1 .6 1 .8 2 .0 

# A S A R C O H a y d e n : 2 00 1 - 2 0 03 V i s ibi l i t y B e n e f i t s (d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 2 2 nd hi g h) A ll c o n t r o l s & s t a c k p a r a m e t e r s , E P A R H F I P N P R J a n . 2

014 B e n e f i t , dv

### A S A R C O Ha yd e n Sm e l t

e r , Ari zon a R H F I P , J a nu ar y 2014 Us

i n g A S A RC O 2013 s t a c k p a r am e t e rs 

### 98 t h p e r c e n t il e d e l t

a d eci v i e ws ( a pp r o x i ma te d b y 8 t h h i g h f o r ea c h o f 2001, 2002, 2003

; t h e i r Av e ra ge ; a nd 22

nd h i g h f o r 2001 - 2003 p e r i od) 

### V i s i b ili t y I mp a c t s, dv V i s ibilit y m ethod: 

### C

ont r ol S c en a r io v m 8b b a s

e : B a s e c a s e , p a r m s1 ct r l 1 : m or e C s c a t al y s t , p a r m s1 ct r l 2 : n e w a c i d p la n t , p a r m s1 ct r l 3 : n e w p la n t & m or

e C s, p a r m s1 

### C l ass I a r ea 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 C h i r i c a hu a NM 1 . 02 1 . 05 1 . 01 1 . 03 1 . 05 0 . 97 1 . 00 0

. 96 0 . 98 1 . 00 0

. 14 0 . 16 0 . 17 0 . 15 0 . 16 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 13 0 . 11 0 . 10 C h i r i c a hu a W il d. 1 . 01 0 . 94 1 . 02 0

. 99 1 . 01 0

. 96 0 . 89 0 . 97 0 . 94 0 . 96 0 . 13 0 . 14 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 10 G ali uro W il d. 1 . 78 1 . 64 1 . 59 1 . 67 1 . 73 1 . 71 1 . 57 1 . 51 1 . 60 1 . 67 0 . 27 0 . 26 0 . 31 0 . 28 0 . 28 0 . 22 0 . 21 0 . 25 0 . 23 0 . 23 G ila W il d. 0 . 72 0 . 68 0 . 68 0 . 69 0 . 69 0 . 69 0 . 65 0 . 65 0 . 66 0 . 66 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 M a z at z al W il d. 0 . 87 0 . 88 0 . 82 0 . 85 0 . 88 0 . 84 0 . 85 0 . 80 0 . 83 0 . 85 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 09 M oun t B al dy W il d. 0 . 70 0 . 65 0 . 55 0 . 63 0 . 66 0 . 67 0 . 62 0 . 52 0 . 60 0 . 62 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 P e t r i f i e d F or es t NP 0

. 69 0 . 79 0 . 60 0 . 69 0 . 70 0 . 66 0 . 75 0 . 57 0 . 66 0 . 67 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 06 0 . 06 Pi n e M oun tai n W il d. 0 . 64 0 . 67 0 . 68 0 . 66 0 . 67 0 . 61 0 . 63 0 . 65 0 . 63 0 . 64 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 S a g u a ro NP 1 . 20 1 . 21 1 . 54 1 . 32 1 . 38 1 . 15 1 . 15 1 . 47 1 . 26 1 . 33 0 . 16 0 . 20 0 . 23 0 . 19 0 . 20 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 17 0 . 14 0 . 14 S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. 1 . 10 1 . 18 0 . 99 1 . 09 1 . 09 1 . 05 1 . 12 0 . 94 1 . 04 1 . 03 0 . 15 0 . 16 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 S up e r s titi on W il d. 1 . 62 1 . 76 1 . 53 1 . 64 1 . 74 1 . 54 1 . 67 1 . 51 1 . 57 1 . 66 0 . 27 0 . 28 0 . 24 0 . 26 0 . 27 0 . 21 0 . 23 0 . 20 0 . 22 0 . 21 S y c am or e C a nyon W il d. 0

. 59 0 . 47 0 . 46 0 . 51 0 . 51 0 . 57 0 . 45 0 . 43 0 . 49 0 . 49 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 M axim um 1 . 78 1 . 76 1 . 59 1 . 67 1 . 74 1 . 71 1 . 67 1 . 51 1 . 60 1 . 67 0 . 27 0 . 28 0 . 31 0 . 28 0 . 28 0 . 22 0 . 23 0 . 25 0 . 23 0 . 23 C u m u la t i v e ( s u m) 11 . 93 11 . 90 11 . 47 11 . 77 12 . 10 11 . 42 11 . 35 10 . 97 11 . 25 11 . 57 1 . 69 1 . 77 1 . 80 1 . 75 1 . 78 1 . 21 1 . 28 1 . 36 1 . 28 1 . 28 

### V i s i b ili t y Be n e f i t s, dv V i s i b ilit y m e t hod: 

### C

ont r ol S c en a r io v m 8b b a s

e : B a s e c a s e , p a r m s1 ct r l 1 : m or e C s c a t al y s t , p a r m s1 ct r l 2 : n e w a c i d p la n t , p a r m s1 ct r l 3 : n e w p la n t & m or

e C s, p a r m s1 

### C l ass I a r ea 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 C h i r i c a hu a NM 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 87 0 . 89 0 . 85 0 . 87 0 . 89 0 . 93 0 . 95 0 . 88 0 . 92 0 . 95 C h i r i c a hu a W il d. 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 88 0 . 80 0 . 86 0 . 85 0 . 87 0 . 92 0 . 84 0 . 91 0 . 89 0 . 91 G ali uro W il d. 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 06 1 . 52 1 . 38 1 . 27 1 . 39 1 . 45 1 . 56 1 . 43 1 . 34 1 . 44 1 . 50 G ila W il d. 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 63 0 . 58 0 . 60 0 . 60 0 . 60 0 . 66 0 . 62 0 . 62 0 . 63 0 . 63 M a z at z al W il d. 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 76 0 . 76 0 . 69 0 . 73 0 . 75 0 . 79 0 . 79 0 . 73 0 . 77 0 . 79 M oun t B al dy W il d. 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 60 0 . 55 0 . 46 0 . 54 0 . 56 0 . 63 0 . 58 0 . 49 0 . 57 0 . 59 P e t r i f i e d F or es t NP 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 60 0 . 69 0 . 51 0 . 60 0 . 61 0 . 64 0 . 73 0 . 53 0 . 63 0 . 64 Pi n e M oun tai n W il d. 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 55 0 . 57 0 . 58 0 . 56 0 . 57 0 . 58 0 . 60 0 . 60 0 . 59 0 . 60 S a g u a ro NP 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 05 1 . 04 1 . 01 1 . 31 1 . 12 1 . 18 1 . 08 1 . 07 1 . 37 1 . 17 1 . 24 S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 95 1 . 02 0

. 86 0 . 94 0 . 93 1 . 00 1 . 08 0 . 90 0 . 99 0 . 98 S up e r s t i t i on W il d. 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 03 0 . 06 0 . 07 1 . 35 1 . 48 1 . 30 1 . 37 1 . 47 1 . 41 1 . 52 1 . 33 1 . 42 1 . 52 S y c am or e C a nyon W il d. 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 51 0 . 40 0 . 39 0 . 43 0 . 44 0 . 54 0 . 42 0 . 42 0 . 46 0 . 46 M axim um 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 07 1 . 52 1 . 48 1 . 31 1 . 39 1 . 47 1 . 56 1 . 52 1 . 37 1 . 44 1 . 52 C u m u la t i v e ( s u m) 0 . 52 0 . 55 0 . 50 0 . 52 0 . 53 10 . 24 10 . 13 9 . 68 10 . 02 10 . 32 10 . 72 10 . 62 10 . 11 10 . 49 10 . 82 S up e r s titi on W il d. h a s

t h e g r e at es t 22 nd h i g h im p a c

t s f or t h e b a se c

a se ; f or t h e c on t ro l s c e n a r i o s, e it h e r S

up e r s iti on o f G ali uro

m a y h a v e t h e g r e at es t d e p e nd i n g on s

ta c k p a r am e t e r s u se d ( " t " v s non - " t " run s

). S up e r s titi on W il d. h a s

t h e g r e at es t b e n e fit i n 22

nd h i g h f or all t h e c

on t ro l s c e n a r i o s, alt hou g h G ali uro h a s g r e at e r i n s o m e i nd i v i du al y

e a r s.

A Z R H F I P 3 N P R T S D A pp . B , p . 11 ( fr o m Ha y den

_ vi s ibilit y

_r e s ult s . x l s x)

### V i s

i b ili t y I mp a c t s, dv V i s ibilit y m ethod: v m 8b 

### C l ass I a r ea C h i r i c a hu a NM C h i r i c a hu a W il d. G ali uro W il d. G ila W il d. M a z at z al W il d. M oun t B al dy W il d. P e t r i f i e d F or es t NP Pi n e M oun tai n W il d. S a g u a ro NP S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. S up e r s titi on W il d. S y c am or e C a nyon W il d. M axim um C u m u la t i v e ( s u m) 

### V i s i b ili t y Be n e f i t s, dv V i s i b ilit y m e t hod: v m 8b 

### C l ass I a r ea C h i r i c a hu a NM C h i r i c a hu a W il d. G ali uro W il d. G ila W il d. M a z at z al W il d. M oun t B al dy W il d. P e t r i f i e d F or es t NP Pi n e M oun tai n W il d. S a g u a ro NP S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. S up e r s t i t i on W il d. S y c am or e C a nyon W il d. M axim um C u m u la t i v e ( s u m) S up e r s titi on W il d. S up e r s titi on W il d. 

### A S

A R C O Ha yd e n Sm e l t

e r , Ari zon a R H F I P , J a nu ar y 2014 Us

i n g s t a c k p a r am e t e r s f ro m 2012 s

t a c k t e st 98 t h p e rc e n til e d e lta d e c

i v i ews (a ppro x imat

e d by 8 t h h i g h f or e a c h o f 2001 , 2002

, 2003 ; t h e i r A v e r a g e ; a nd 22 nd h i g h f or 2001 - 2003 p e r i od) b a s e t: B a s e c a s e , p a r m s2 ct r l 1 t: m or e C s c a t al y s t , p a r m s2 ct r l 2

t: n e w a c i d p la n t , p a r m s2 ct r l 3 t: n e w p la n t & m or

e C s, p a r m s2 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 1 . 02 1 . 18 1 . 23 1 . 14 1 . 12 0 . 97 1 . 11 1 . 17 1 . 08 1 . 07 0 . 15 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 18 0 . 17 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 14 0 . 12 0 . 11 1 . 00 1 . 08 1 . 19 1 . 09 1 . 08 0 . 95 1 . 03 1 . 13 1 . 04 1 . 03 0 . 14 0 . 18 0 . 19 0 . 17 0 . 17 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 11 2 . 05 1 . 90 2

. 16 2 . 03 2 . 05 1 . 95 1 . 80 2 . 05 1 . 93 1 . 95 0 . 33 0 . 31 0 . 38 0 . 34 0 . 35 0 . 24 0 . 24 0 . 26 0 . 25 0 . 26 0 . 73 0 . 70 0 . 66 0 . 69 0 . 70 0 . 68 0 . 66 0 . 62 0 . 65 0 . 67 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 90 0 . 93 1 . 09 0

. 97 1 . 05 0

. 85 0 . 88 1 . 03 0

. 92 1 . 00 0

. 14 0 . 14 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 16 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 78 0 . 69 0 . 68 0 . 72 0 . 70 0 . 74 0 . 66 0 . 64 0 . 68 0 . 66 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 65 0 . 74 0 . 66 0 . 68 0 . 67 0 . 61 0 . 70 0 . 63 0 . 65 0 . 64 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 72 0 . 69 0 . 81 0 . 74 0 . 73 0 . 69 0 . 65 0 . 77 0 . 70 0 . 69 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 13 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 08 1 . 53 1 . 54 1 . 81 1 . 63 1 . 64 1 . 45 1 . 46 1 . 72 1 . 55 1 . 55 0 . 20 0 . 21 0 . 30 0 . 24 0 . 24 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 19 0 . 16 0 . 16 1 . 21 1 . 20 1 . 27 1 . 23 1 . 27 1 . 15 1 . 15 1 . 21 1 . 17 1 . 21 0 . 17 0 . 19 0 . 20 0 . 19 0 . 19 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 12 2 . 07 2 . 26 1 . 83 2

. 05 2 . 11 1 . 97 2

. 17 1 . 75 1 . 96 2 . 00 0 . 34 0 . 39 0 . 33 0 . 35 0 . 37 0 . 25 0 . 26 0 . 23 0 . 25 0 . 25 0 . 61 0 . 51 0 . 53 0 . 55 0 . 54 0 . 57 0 . 48 0 . 51 0 . 52 0 . 51 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 2 . 07 2 . 26 2 . 16 2 . 05 2 . 11 1 . 97 2

. 17 2 . 05 1 . 96 2

. 00 0 . 34 0 . 39 0 . 38 0 . 35 0 . 37 0 . 25 0 . 26 0 . 26 0 . 25 0 . 26 13 . 27 13 . 41 13 . 91 13 . 53 13 . 66 12 . 58 12 . 76 13 . 22 12 . 85 12 . 98 1 . 96 2

. 10 2 . 27 2 . 11 2 . 16 1 . 33 1 . 41 1 . 50 1 . 41 1 . 42

b a s e t: B a s e c a s e , p a r m s2 ct r l 1 t: m or e C s c a t al y s t , p a r m s2 ct r l 2

t: n e w a c i d p la n t , p a r m s2 ct r l 3 t: n e w p la n t & m or

e C s, p a r m s2 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 87 1 . 00 1 . 03 0 . 96 0 . 95 0 . 92 1 . 06 1 . 10 1 . 03 1 . 01 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 86 0 . 91 1 . 00 0

. 92 0 . 92 0 . 91 0 . 97 1 . 07 0

. 98 0 . 98 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 1 . 72 1 . 58 1 . 78 1 . 69 1 . 70 1 . 81 1 . 66 1 . 89 1 . 79 1 . 79 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 63 0 . 59 0 . 56 0 . 59 0 . 60 0 . 67 0 . 63 0 . 59 0 . 63 0 . 64 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 76 0 . 79 0 . 93 0 . 83 0 . 90 0 . 81 0 . 83 0 . 99 0 . 88 0 . 95 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 67 0 . 59 0 . 59 0 . 62 0 . 59 0 . 72 0 . 63 0 . 63 0 . 66 0 . 63 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 56 0 . 63 0 . 55 0 . 58 0 . 57 0 . 59 0 . 68 0 . 59 0 . 62 0 . 61 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 63 0 . 58 0 . 68 0 . 63 0 . 61 0 . 65 0 . 61 0 . 73 0 . 66 0 . 65 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 08 1 . 33 1 . 33 1 . 52 1 . 39 1 . 40 1 . 38 1 . 40 1 . 62 1 . 47 1 . 48 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 1 . 04 1 . 02 1 . 07 1 . 04 1 . 08 1 . 11 1 . 09 1 . 14 1 . 11 1 . 15 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 11 1 . 73 1 . 87 1 . 49 1 . 70 1 . 74 1 . 83 1 . 99 1 . 60 1 . 81 1 . 86 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 51 0 . 44 0 . 46 0 . 47 0 . 45 0 . 55 0 . 46 0 . 48 0 . 50 0 . 48 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 11 1 . 73 1 . 87 1 . 78 1 . 70 1 . 74 1 . 83 1 . 99 1 . 89 1 . 81 1 . 86 0 . 68 0 . 65 0 . 69 0 . 68 0 . 69 11 . 31 11 . 31 11 . 65 11 . 42 11 . 50 11 . 94 12 . 00 12 . 41 12 . 12 12 . 24 h a s t h e g r e at es t 22 nd h i g h im p a c

t s f or t h e b a se c

a se ; f or t h e c on t ro l s c e n a r i o s, e it h e r S

up e r s iti on o f G ali uro

m a y h a v e t h e g r e at es t d e p e nd i n g on s

ta c k p a r am e t e r s u se d ( " t " v s non - " t " run s

).

A Z R H F I P 3 N P R T S D A pp . B , p . 12 ( fr o m Ha y den

_ vi s ibilit y

_r e s ult s . x l s x)

### B o s qu e de l A p a c h e W i l d. C

h i r i ca hu a NM C

h i r i ca h u a W i l d. G a li u r

o W il d. G il a W il d. M aza t z a l W i l d. M

o un t B a l d y W il d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e st NP Pi ne M o u n t a i n W il d. S

a gu a r o NP Si e rr

a A n c h a W il d. S

up e r st i t i o n W i l d. h i B a s e c a se 0 .15 0

.36 0

. 35 0

. 56 0

. 34 0. 64 0. 27 0. 33 0.43 0.45 0 .70 3

.61 h i O p t 1 : c

o n v e r t e r 8 5 % c a pt 0

.04 0

.09 0

. 09 0

. 16 0

. 08 0. 19 0. 07 0. 08 0.11 0.11 0 .30 2

.55 h i O p t 2 : v e n t s c r u b be r i n cr 0

.15 0

.36 0

. 35 0

. 56 0

. 34 0. 63 0. 27 0. 33 0.42 0.45 0 .70 3

.61 l o B a s e c a se 0 .07 0

.16 0

. 16 0

. 28 0

. 16 0. 32 0. 13 0. 16 0.20 0.21 0 .42 2

.86 l o O p t 1 : c

o n v e r t e r 8 5 % c a pt 0

.02 0

.06 0

. 06 0

. 12 0

. 05 0. 15 0. 04 0. 06 0.08 0.08 0 .25 2

.45 l o O p t 2 : v e n t s c r u b be r i n cr 0

.07 0

.16 0

. 16 0

. 28 0

. 16 0. 32 0. 13 0. 16 0.20 0.21 0 .42 2

.85 

## 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 

# F MM I Mi a m i : 200

1 - 20 0 3 V i s ibi l i t y I m p a c t s (dv ; vi s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 22 nd hi g h) S O 2 c o n t r o l s , E P A R H F I P J a n . 20

14 I m p a c t , dv

### B o s qu e de l A p a c h e W i l d. C

h i r i ca h u a NM C

h i r i c a h u a W i l d. G a li u r

o W il d. G il a W il d. M a z atz a l W il d. M

o u n t B a l d y W il d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e s t NP P i n e M o u n ta i n W i l d. S

a gu a r o NP Si e rr

a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r st i t i o n W i l d. h i B a s e c a se h i O p t 1 : c

o n v e r t e r 8 5 % c a pt 0

.12 0

.27 0

. 27 0. 40 0. 26 0. 44 0. 20 0.25 0 .32 0

.34 0

. 40 1 . 06 h i O p t 2: v

e n t s c r ub b e r i n cr 0.0

00 0

.0 00 0

.0 00 0

.0 00 0

. 001 0

. 0 01 0. 0

01 0. 0

00 0. 0

01 0.0

01 0

.0 01 0

.0 02 l o B a s e c a se l o O p t 1 : c

o n v e r t e r 8 5 % c a pt 0

.05 0

.10 0

. 10 0. 17 0. 10 0. 17 0. 08 0.10 0 .12 0

.13 0

. 17 0

. 41 l o O p t 2: v

e n t s c r u b be r i n cr 0.0

00 0

.0 00 0

.0 01 0

.0 00 0

. 000 0

. 0 01 0. 0

01 0. 0

00 0. 0

00 0.0

00 0

.0 01 0

.0 04 

## 0 .0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 

# F MM I Mi a m i : 2

0 01 - 2 00 3 V i s ib i li t y B e n e f i t s (d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m8

b ; 2 2 nd h i g h) S O 2 c o n t r o l s , E P A R H F I P J a n . 2014 B e n e f i t , dvFMM I M i a m i S me l te r , A r i z on a RH F I P, J a nu ar y 2014 98 t h p e r c e n t il e d e l t

a d ec i v i e w s ( a pp r o xi ma ted by

8 t h h ig h f o r ea c h of 2001 , 2002 , 2003; t h e ir A v e r a g e ; a nd 22 nd h ig h

f o r 2001-2003 p e ri od) Vi s i b ili t y I mp a c t s , dv V i s i b ili t y m e t hod: C

on t r o l S c e na r io v m8b h i B a s

e c a se h i O p t 1 : c on v e rte r 85

% c apt h i O p t 2 : v e n t s c r ubb e r i n cr l o B a s e c a se l o O p t 1 : c on v e rte r 85

% c apt l o O p t 2 : v e n t s c r ubb e r i n cr Cl a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 B o squ e d e l A pa c

h e W il d. 0

. 14 0 . 18 0 . 12 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 14 0 . 18 0 . 12 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 07 C h i r i c ahua NM 0 . 32 0 . 30 0 . 49 0 . 37 0 . 36 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 12 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 32 0 . 30 0 . 49 0 . 37 0 . 36 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 24 0 . 17 0 . 16 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 24 0 . 17 0 . 16 C h i r i c ahua W il d. 0

. 32 0 . 30 0 . 47 0 . 36 0 . 35 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 12 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 32 0 . 30 0 . 47 0 . 36 0 . 35 0 . 14 0 . 14 0 . 23 0 . 17 0 . 16 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 14 0 . 14 0 . 23 0 . 17 0 . 16 G a li ur o W il d. 0

. 51 0 . 54 0 . 62 0 . 55 0 . 56 0 . 15 0 . 13 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 16 0 . 51 0 . 54 0 . 62 0 . 55 0 . 56 0 . 25 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 27 0 . 28 0 . 12 0 . 09 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 25 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 27 0 . 28 G il a W il d. 0 . 31 0 . 42 0 . 28 0 . 33 0 . 34 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 31 0 . 42 0 . 28 0 . 33 0 . 34 0 . 15 0 . 19 0 . 13 0 . 16 0 . 16 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 15 0 . 19 0 . 13 0 . 16 0 . 16 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0

. 60 0 . 62 0 . 67 0 . 63 0 . 64 0 . 19 0 . 21 0 . 19 0 . 20 0 . 19 0 . 60 0 . 62 0 . 67 0 . 63 0 . 63 0 . 31 0 . 30 0 . 32 0 . 31 0 . 32 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 31 0 . 30 0 . 32 0 . 31 0 . 32 M o un t B a l d y W

il d. 0

. 23 0 . 32 0 . 24 0 . 26 0 . 27 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 23 0 . 32 0 . 24 0 . 26 0 . 27 0 . 12 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 12 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 13 P e t r i f i e d F o r e s t NP 0

. 30 0 . 30 0 . 34 0 . 31 0 . 33 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 30 0 . 30 0 . 34 0 . 31 0 . 33 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 16 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 16 P i n e M o un ta i n W

il d. 0

. 36 0 . 36 0 . 43 0 . 39 0 . 43 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 36 0 . 36 0 . 43 0 . 38 0 . 42 0 . 17 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 17 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 18 0 . 20 S a g uar o NP 0 . 40 0 . 43 0 . 45 0 . 43 0 . 45 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 40 0 . 43 0 . 45 0 . 42 0 . 45 0 . 19 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 20 0 . 21 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 19 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 20 0 . 21 S i e rra A n c

ha W il d. 0

. 59 0 . 76 0 . 88 0 . 74 0 . 70 0 . 22 0 . 28 0 . 36 0 . 29 0 . 30 0 . 58 0 . 76 0 . 88 0 . 74 0 . 70 0 . 30 0 . 47 0 . 47 0 . 41 0 . 42 0 . 21 0 . 23 0 . 29 0 . 25 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 47 0 . 47 0 . 41 0 . 42 Sup e rs t i t i on W il d. 2 . 84 3 . 80 4. 13 3 . 59 3 . 61 2 . 25 2 . 95 2 . 65 2 . 62 2 . 55 2 . 84 3 . 80 4. 12 3 . 59 3 . 61 2 . 38 3 . 17 2 . 99 2 . 85 2 . 86 2 . 21 2 . 81 2 . 47 2 . 49 2 . 45 2 . 38 3 . 17 2 . 99 2 . 85 2 . 85

M a x im um 2 . 84 3 . 80 4. 13 3 . 59 3 . 61 2 . 25 2 . 95 2 . 65 2 . 62 2 . 55 2 . 84 3 . 80 4. 12 3 . 59 3 . 61 2 . 38 3 . 17 2 . 99 2 . 85 2 . 86 2 . 21 2 . 81 2 . 47 2 . 49 2 . 45 2 . 38 3 . 17 2 . 99 2 . 85 2 . 85 C u m u l a t i v e

(s u m) 6 . 91 8 . 31 9 . 11 8 . 11 8 . 18 3 . 39 4. 23 4. 07 3 . 90 3 . 85 6 . 91 8 . 30 9 . 10 8 . 10 8 . 17 4. 36 5 . 42 5 . 41 5 . 06 5 . 12 3 . 07 3 . 72 3 . 49 3 . 43 3 . 42 4. 35 5 . 41 5 . 40 5 . 05 5 . 12 Vi s i b ili t y B ene fi t s , dv V i s i b ili t y me t h o d: C

on t r o l S c e na r io v m8b h i B a s

e c a se h i O p t 1 : c on v e rte r 85

% c apt h i O p t 2 : v e n t s c r ubb e r i n cr l o B a s e c a se l o O p t 1 : c on v e rte r 85

% c apt l o O p t 2 : v e n t s c r ubb e r i n cr Cl a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 2001 2002 2003 Avg 22 nd ' 01 - ' 03 B o squ e d e l A pa c

h e W il d. 0 . 11 0 . 14 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 04 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 C h i r i c ahua NM 0 . 25 0 . 22 0 . 37 0 . 28 0 . 27 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 16 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 C h i r i c ahua W il d. 0 . 24 0 . 23 0 . 35 0 . 27 0 . 27 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 15 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 G a li ur o W il d. 0 . 36 0 . 41 0 . 45 0 . 41 0 . 40 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 12 0 . 17 0 . 18 0 . 16 0 . 17 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 G il a W il d. 0 . 23 0 . 31 0 . 21 0 . 25 0 . 26 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 41 0 . 41 0 . 48 0 . 43 0 . 44 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 16 0 . 14 0 . 18 0 . 16 0 . 17 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 M o un t B a l d y W

il d. 0 . 18 0 . 24 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 P e t r i f i e d F o r e s t NP 0 . 23 0 . 22 0 . 25 0 . 24 0 . 25 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 P i n e M o un ta i n W

il d. 0 . 28 0 . 26 0 . 32 0 . 29 0 . 32 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 S a g uar o NP 0 . 29 0 . 31 0 . 34 0 . 32 0 . 34 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 12 0 . 14 0 . 14 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 S i e rra A n c

ha W il d. 0 . 37 0 . 48 0 . 52 0 . 46 0 . 40 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 09 0 . 24 0 . 17 0 . 17 0 . 17 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 Sup e rs t i t i on W il d. 0 . 59 0 . 86 1 . 47 0

. 97 1 . 06 0

. 00 0 . 01 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 18 0 . 36 0 . 53 0 . 36 0 . 41 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 M a x im um 0 . 59 0 . 86 1 . 47 0

. 97 1 . 06 0

. 00 0 . 01 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 18 0 . 36 0 . 53 0 . 36 0 . 41 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 0 . 00 C u m u l a t i v e

(s u m) 3 . 52 4. 08 5 . 03 4. 21 4. 33 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 1 . 29 1 . 69 1 . 92 1 . 63 1 . 70 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 Sup e rs t i t i o n W il d. has t h e g r

e a te s t 22 nd h i g h i m pa ct

s f o r t h e bas

e c as e , and f o r t h e c o n t r o l s c e nar i o s. Sup e rs t i t i o n W il d. has t h e g r

e a te s t b e n e f it i n 22 nd h i g h f

o r a ll t h e c

o n t r o l s c e nar i o s.

A Z R H F I P 3 NP R TS D A pp . B , p . 15 (f r o m F MM I

_

vi s i b ili t y

_ r es u l t s . x l sx)

### C h i r i c a h u a NM C

h i r i c a h u a W i l d. G a l i u r

o W i l d. G i l a W i l d. M aza t z a l W i l d. M o u n t B a l d y

W i l d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e s t NP Pi n e M o u n t a i n W i l d. S

a gu a r o NP S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. S

u p e r st i t i on W i l d. S

yc a m o r e C a n y o n W i l d. c 0 : b as e ca se 0

. 25 0

. 23 1 .02 0. 12 0 . 13 0

.11 0.11 0. 11 1 .26 0.13 0. 30 0 . 09 c 2 1 : L N B o n kil n s 1 , 2,3 0. 22 0 . 20 0

.91 0. 10 0 . 11 0

.09 0.09 0. 10 1 .12 0.12 0. 27 0 . 08 c 2 2 : S N C R o n kil n s 1 , 2,3 0. 20 0 . 18 0

.84 0. 10 0 . 11 0

.08 0.08 0. 09 1 .04 0.11 0. 24 0 . 08 c 2 3 : - 3 0 % N Ox o n kil n 4 0. 21 0 . 20 0

.90 0. 10 0 . 11 0

.09 0.09 0. 10 1 .12 0.11 0. 27 0 . 08 c 2 4 : S N C R o n ki l n 4 0. 19 0 . 18 0

.83 0. 09 0 . 10 0

.08 0.08 0. 09 1 .02 0.10 0. 24 0 . 07 

## 0 .0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 1 .4 

# C a l P o r t l a n d C e m e n t : 20

0 1 - 2 003 V i s ib i li t y I m p a c t s (d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 22 n d h i g h) N O x c o n t r o l s , E P A R H F I P J a n . 20

14 I m p a c t , dv

### C h i r i c a h u a NM C

h i r i ca h u a W i l d. G a li u r

o W i l d. G il a W il d. M az a t za l W i l d. M

o un t B a l d y W il d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e st NP Pi n e

M o u n ta i n W il d. S

a g u a r o NP Si e rr

a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r s t i t i o n W il d. S

yc a m o r e C a n y o n W il d. c 0 : b as e c ase c 2 1 : L N B o n kil n s 1 , 2

,3 0

. 03 0

.03 0. 11 0 . 02 0

.01 0. 02 0 . 01 0.01 0. 15 0 .01 0.04 0 . 01 c2 2 : S N C R o n kil n s 1 , 2

,3 0 . 05 0

.05 0. 18 0 . 02 0

.02 0. 03 0 . 02 0.02 0. 22 0 .02 0.06 0 . 02 c 2 3 : - 3 0 % N Ox o n ki l n

4 0 . 04 0

.03 0. 13 0 . 02 0

.01 0. 02 0 . 02 0.01 0. 14 0 .02 0.03 0 . 01 c 2 4 : S NC R o n k i l n 4 0

. 06 0

.05 0. 19 0 . 03 0

.03 0. 03 0 . 03 0.02 0. 24 0 .03 0.06 0 . 02 

## 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 

# C a l P o r t l a n d C e m e n t : 2 00 1 - 2 00 3 V i s ibil i t y B e n e f i t s ( dv ; vi s . m e t h . v m 8

b ; 2 2 nd hi g h) N O x c on t r o l s , E P A R H F I P J a n . 20

14 B e n e f i t , dv

### C

a l P o r t l a nd C e m e n t, A r i z on a R H

F I P , J a nu a r

y 2014 98t h p e r c e n til e d e lta d ec

i v i e w s ( a pp r o x i m a ted b

y 8t h h ig h f

o r ea ch o f 2001 , 2002, 2003; t h e i r A v e r a ge ; a nd 22nd h ig h f

o r 2001 - 2003 p e r i od) 

### V i s i b ili t y I m p a c ts , dv Vi s i b ili ty m e t hod: C on t r o l S c en ar io v m 8b c

0 : b a s e ca se c 21 : L N B o n k il n s 1 , 2,3 c 22 : SN CR o n k il n s 1 , 2,3 c 23 : - 30% N O x o n k il n

4 c

24: SN CR o n k il n

4 C l a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 C hi r i c a hu a NM 0 . 23 0 . 28 0 . 25 0 . 25 0 . 25 0 . 20 0 . 25 0 . 22 0 . 22 0 . 22 0 . 18 0 . 22 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 24 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 17 0 . 21 0 . 19 0 . 19 0 . 19 C hi r i c a hu a W ild. 0 . 23 0 . 23 0 . 23 0 . 23 0 . 23 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 21 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 18 0 . 18 0 . 19 0 . 18 0 . 18 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 20 0 . 17 0 . 18 0 . 18 0 . 18 0 . 18 Ga liu r o W ild. 0 . 97 1 . 15 0

. 92 1 . 01 1 . 02 0

. 86 1 . 05 0

. 81 0 . 91 0 . 91 0 . 78 0 . 99 0 . 74 0 . 84 0 . 84 0 . 85 1 . 02 0

. 80 0 . 89 0 . 90 0 . 76 0 . 93 0 . 72 0 . 80 0 . 83 G il a W ild. 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 14 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 13 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 12 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 09 M a z at z a l W ild. 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 10 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 14 0 . 09 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 08 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 08 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 10 M oun t Ba ldy W ild. 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 07 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 08 P e t r ifi ed F o re s t NP 0

. 12 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 P in e M oun ta in W ild. 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 06 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 05 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 05 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 09 S a g u a r o NP 1 . 25 1 . 34 1 . 02 1 . 20 1 . 26 1 . 08 1 . 20 0 . 92 1 . 06 1 . 12 0

. 96 1 . 11 0

. 84 0 . 97 1 . 04 1 . 12 1 . 19 0 . 94 1 . 08 1 . 12 1 . 02 1 . 11 0 . 89 1 . 01 1 . 02 S i err a A n c h a W ild. 0

. 14 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 13 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 10 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 12 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 10 S up er s t i t ion W ild. 0 . 32 0 . 29 0 . 25 0 . 29 0 . 30 0 . 28 0 . 26 0 . 22 0 . 26 0 . 27 0 . 26 0 . 25 0 . 20 0 . 24 0 . 24 0 . 27 0 . 26 0 . 24 0 . 25 0 . 27 0 . 26 0 . 23 0 . 21 0 . 23 0 . 24 S y c a m o re C a nyon W ild. 0

. 10 0 . 10 0 . 06 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 09 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 05 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 07 M ax i m um 1 . 25 1 . 34 1 . 02 1 . 20 1 . 26 1 . 08 1 . 20 0 . 92 1 . 06 1 . 12 0

. 96 1 . 11 0

. 84 0 . 97 1 . 04 1 . 12 1 . 19 0 . 94 1 . 08 1 . 12 1 . 02 1 . 11 0 . 89 1 . 01 1 . 02 C u m u l at i v e (

s u m) 3 . 85 4. 11 3 . 32 3 . 76 3 . 85 3 . 37 3 . 71 2 . 95 3 . 34 3 . 41 3 . 04 3 . 43 2 . 70 3 . 06 3 . 15 3 . 37 3 . 60 2 . 94 3 . 30 3 . 38 3 . 04 3 . 30 2 . 68 3 . 01 3 . 07 

### V i s i b ili t y B e n e f i ts , dv Vi s ibili t y m e t hod: C

on t r o l S c en ar io v m 8b c

0 : b a s e ca se c 21 : L N B o n k il n s 1 , 2,3 c 22 : SN CR o n k il n s 1 , 2,3 c 23 : - 30% N O x o n k il n

4 c

24: SN CR o n k il n

4 C l a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22nd ' 01 -' 03 C hi r i c a hu a NM 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 C hi r i c a hu a W ild. 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 Ga liu r o W ild. 0 . 11 0 . 09 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 19 0 . 15 0 . 18 0 . 17 0 . 18 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 13 0 . 21 0 . 21 0 . 20 0 . 21 0 . 19 G il a W ild. 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 M a z at z a l W ild. 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 M oun t Ba ldy W ild. 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 P e t r ifi ed F o re s t NP 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 P in e M oun ta in W ild. 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 02 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 17 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 29 0 . 23 0 . 18 0 . 23 0 . 22 0 . 13 0 . 15 0 . 08 0 . 12 0 . 14 0 . 23 0 . 23 0 . 14 0 . 20 0 . 24 S i err a A n c h a W ild. 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 S up er s t i t ion W ild. 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 06 S y c a m o re C a nyon W ild. 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 M ax i m um 0 . 17 0 . 14 0 . 11 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 29 0 . 23 0 . 18 0 . 23 0 . 22 0 . 13 0 . 15 0 . 12 0 . 12 0 . 14 0 . 23 0 . 23 0 . 20 0 . 21 0 . 24 C u m u l at i v e (

s u m) 0 . 48 0 . 40 0 . 37 0 . 42 0 . 44 0 . 80 0 . 68 0 . 62 0 . 70 0 . 70 0 . 48 0 . 51 0 . 38 0 . 45 0 . 47 0 . 81 0 . 81 0 . 64 0 . 75 0 . 78 S a g u a r o NP h a s t h e g reat

e s t 22nd hi g h i m p a c

t s fo r t h e b a s e c a s e , a nd fo r t h e c

on t r ol s ce n a r ios. S a g u a r o NP h a s t h e g reat

e s t b e n efit in 22nd hi g h fo r a ll t h e c on t r ol s ce n a r ios. A re a w i t h m ax i m u m i m p act or b e n efit m a x a rea , i m p a c

ts S

a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP m a x a rea , b e n e

fi ts S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP Ga liur o W ild. S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP Ga liur o W ild. S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP Ga liur o W ild. Ga liur o W ild. S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP S a g u ar o NP Ga liur o W ild. Ga liur o W ild. S a g u ar o NP

AZ R H F I P 3 N P R

T S D A pp . B, p . 18 (fr o m C a l P o r t l and

_ v i s i b ili ty

_ r e s u l t s . x l s x)

### B r y c e C a n y o n NP G a l i u r

o W i l d. G r

a n d C a n y o n NP M azat

z a l W i l d. M

ou n t B a l d y W i l d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e st NP P i n e M o u n ta i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP Si e rr

a A n c h a W il d. S

u pe r st i t i on W il d. S

y ca m o r e C a n y o n W i l d. Z i o n NP b as e : B a s e ca se 0

. 09 0. 03 0.51 0.51 0.05 0.21 0 .66 0

. 03 0

. 09 0.10 5.15 0.09 ct r l 1 : - 3 0 % N Ox 0 . 06 0. 02 0.37 0.37 0.03 0.15 0 .47 0

. 02 0

. 06 0.07 4.13 0.06 ct r l 2: S N C R - 5 0 % N Ox 0

. 04 0. 01 0.27 0.27 0.02 0.10 0 .35 0

. 01 0

. 04 0.05 3.30 0.04 b as e 2: L o w B as e c a se 0

. 07 0. 02 0.39 0.39 0.03 0.16 0 .51 0

. 02 0

. 06 0.07 4.32 0.06 ct r l 2 a : L o w S N C R - 5 0 % N Ox 0

. 03 0. 01 0.20 0.22 0.02 0.08 0 .27 0

. 01 0

. 03 0.04 2.88 0.03 

## 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 

# P h o e n i x C

e m e n t : 2 0 0 1 - 20 0 3 V i s ibili t y I m p a c t s ( d v ; v i s . m e t h . v i s

8 b ; 2 2 n d hi g h) U NC b a s e a n d 2 5 % l o w e r N O x b a s

e , E P A R H F I P J a n . 2

0 14 I m p a c t , dv

### B r yc e C a n y o n NP G a li u r

o W il d. G r

a n d C a n y o n NP M aza t

za l W i l d. M o un t B a l d y

W il d. P

e t r i f i e d F o r e st NP Pi n e

M o u n ta i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S i e r r a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r st i t i o n W i l d. S

yc a m o r e C a n y o n W il d. Z i o n NP b as e : B a s e ca se ct r l 1 : - 3 0 % N Ox 0. 03 0.01 0.15 0.14 0 . 01 0

. 06 0.19 0.01 0.03 0 . 03 1 . 02 0.03 ct r l 2: S N C R - 5 0 % N Ox 0. 04 0.01 0.25 0.24 0 . 02 0

. 10 0.32 0.01 0.04 0 . 05 1 . 85 0.05 b as e 2: L o w B as e c a se ct r l 2 a : L o w S NC R - 5 0 % N Ox 0. 03 0.01 0.19 0.18 0 . 02 0

. 08 0.24 0.01 0.03 0 . 04 1 . 44 0.03 

## 0 .0 0 .2 0 .4 0 .6 0 .8 1 .0 1 .2 1 .4 1 .6 1 .8 2 .0 

# P h o e ni x C

e m e n t : 2 0 01 - 2 0 0 3 V i s i b i l i t y B e n e f i t s ( dv ; v i s . m e t h . vi s

8 b ; 22 n d hi g h) U N C b a s e a n d 2 5 % l o w e r NO x b a s

e , E P A R H F I P J a n . 2

014 B e n e f i t , dv

### P ho e n ix C e m e n t , A r iz on a R H F I P, J a nu a ry 2014 98t h p e r c e n til e d e lta d ec

i v i e w s ( a pp r o x i m a ted b

y 8t h h ig h f

o r ea ch o f 2001 , 2002, 2003; t h e i r A v e r a ge ; a nd 22nd h ig h f

o r 2001 - 2003 p e r i od) 

### V isi b ili t y Im p a c t s , dv V i s i b ili t y m e t hod: C

on t r o l S c en ar io v is 8b b a s

e : B a s e ca se c t r l 1: - 30 % N Ox c t r l 2: SN CR - 50

% N Ox b a s e 2: Low B a s

e ca se c t r l 2 a : Low SN CR - 50

% N Ox C l a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 B r y ce C a n yo n NP 0 . 10 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 Ga li u r o W il d. 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 G r a nd C a n yo n NP 0 . 49 0 . 51 0 . 60 0 . 53 0 . 51 0 . 35 0 . 37 0 . 42 0 . 38 0 . 37 0 . 25 0 . 27 0 . 30 0 . 27 0 . 27 0 . 37 0 . 39 0 . 42 0 . 39 0 . 39 0 . 19 0 . 20 0 . 22 0 . 20 0 . 20 M a za t za l W il d. 0 . 49 0 . 65 0 . 47 0 . 53 0 . 51 0 . 35 0 . 46 0 . 33 0 . 38 0 . 37 0 . 25 0 . 34 0 . 24 0 . 28 0 . 27 0 . 37 0 . 49 0 . 36 0 . 41 0 . 39 0 . 19 0 . 26 0 . 19 0 . 21 0 . 22 M ount B a l d y W il d. 0

. 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 P e t rifie d F o re s

t NP 0

. 26 0 . 18 0 . 21 0 . 22 0 . 21 0 . 18 0 . 13 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 15 0 . 13 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 19 0 . 14 0 . 16 0 . 16 0 . 16 0 . 10 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 P i n e M ounta i n W il d. 0 . 67 0 . 70 0 . 53 0 . 63 0 . 66 0 . 48 0 . 51 0 . 38 0 . 46 0 . 47 0 . 35 0 . 38 0 . 28 0 . 34 0 . 35 0 . 51 0 . 54 0 . 41 0 . 49 0 . 51 0 . 27 0 . 29 0 . 22 0 . 26 0 . 27 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 Sierr a A n c h a W il d. 0

. 07 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 S up er s t i t i on W il d. 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 06 0 . 08 0 . 10 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 07 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 06 0 . 07 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 04 Sy ca m o r e C a n y on W il d. 4

. 69 4 . 33 5 . 85 4 . 96 5 . 15 3 . 82 3 . 53 4 . 84 4 . 06 4 . 13 3 . 19 2 . 84 3 . 97 3 . 33 3 . 30 3 . 98 3 . 68 5 . 03 4 . 23 4 . 32 2 . 75 2 . 40 3 . 37 2 . 84 2 . 88 Z i on NP 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 08 0 . 09 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03

M a x i m um 4

. 69 4 . 33 5 . 85 4 . 96 5 . 15 3 . 82 3 . 53 4 . 84 4 . 06 4 . 13 3 . 19 2 . 84 3 . 97 3 . 33 3 . 30 3 . 98 3 . 68 5 . 03 4 . 23 4 . 32 2 . 75 2 . 40 3 . 37 2 . 84 2 . 88 C u m u l a t i v e ( s u m) 7 . 02 6

. 80 8 . 06 7 . 29 7 . 49 5 . 47 5 . 29 6 . 40 5 . 72 5 . 80 4 . 39 4 . 12 5 . 11 4 . 54 4 . 51 5 . 74 5 . 57 6 . 67 5 . 99 6 . 09 3 . 65 3 . 39 4 . 23 3 . 76 3 . 81 

### V isi b ili t y B e n e f i t s , dv V i s i b ili ty m e thod: C on t r o l S c en ar io v is 8b b a s

e : B a s e ca se c t r l 1: - 30 % N Ox c t r l 2: SN CR - 50

% N Ox b a s e 2: Low B a s

e ca se c t r l 2 a : Low SN CR - 50

% N Ox C l a ss I A r ea 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 2001 2002 2003 A vg 22 nd ' 01 -' 03 B r y ce C a n yo n NP 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 Ga li u r o W il d. 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 G r a nd C a n yo n NP 0 . 14 0 . 15 0 . 18 0 . 16 0 . 15 0 . 24 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 26 0 . 25 0 . 18 0 . 19 0 . 20 0 . 19 0 . 19 M a za t za l W il d. 0 . 14 0 . 18 0 . 13 0 . 15 0 . 14 0 . 24 0 . 31 0 . 23 0 . 26 0 . 24 0 . 18 0 . 24 0 . 17 0 . 20 0 . 18 M ount B a l d y W il d. 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 02 0 . 02 P e t rifie d F o re s

t NP 0 . 08 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 06 0 . 13 0 . 09 0 . 10 0 . 11 0 . 10 0 . 10 0 . 07 0 . 08 0 . 08 0 . 08 P i n e M ounta i n W il d. 0 . 19 0 . 19 0 . 15 0 . 18 0 . 19 0 . 32 0 . 33 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 32 0 . 24 0 . 25 0 . 19 0 . 23 0 . 24 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 02 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 0 . 01 Sierr a A n c h a W il d. 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 S up er s t i t i on W il d. 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 05 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 04 Sy ca m o r e C a n y on W il d. 0 . 87 0 . 80 1 . 01 0

. 89 1 . 02 1 . 50 1 . 49 1 . 87 1 . 62 1 . 85 1 . 23 1 . 28 1 . 66 1 . 39 1 . 44 Z i on NP 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 02 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 04 0 . 05 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03 0 . 03

M a x i m um 0 . 87 0 . 80 1 . 01 0

. 89 1 . 02 1 . 50 1 . 49 1 . 87 1 . 62 1 . 85 1 . 23 1 . 28 1 . 66 1 . 39 1 . 44 C u m u l a t i v e ( s u m) 1 . 55 1 . 51 1 . 66 1 . 57 1 . 69 2 . 64 2 . 68 2 . 95 2 . 75 2 . 98 2 . 09 2 . 18 2 . 44 2 . 24 2 . 29 S y c a mo re C a n yo n W il d. h as th e g re a te s t 22 nd h i g h i m p a c

t s f o r th e b as

e c as e , a nd f o r th e c ont r o l s ce n a ri o s. S y c a mo re C a n yo n W il d. h as th e g re a te s t bene f it i n 22 nd h i g h f o r a ll th e c

ont r o l s ce n a ri o s. A r e a wi th m a x i m u m i m p ac t o r bene f

it m a x a re a, i m p a c

ts S

y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e m a x a re a, b e n efi ts S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re S y c am o re Sy

cam o r e

A Z RH F I P 3 N P R T SD A pp . B , p . 21 ( fr o m Ph o en i x C e m en t

_ v i s i b ili t y _r e s u l t s . xl s x)C a p i t o l Ree f NP G a li u r

o W i l d. G i l a W i l d. G r a nd

C a n yo n NP M a z a t z

a l W i l d. M e s

a V e r d e NP M o u n t Ba l dy W i l d. P e t r i f

i ed F o r e s t NP P i n e M o u n t a in W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S i e rr a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r s t i ti o n W i l d. S

y c a m o r e C a ny o n W i l d. c t rl - 0 /c t r l 2

_ r 2 : Ba s e ( S C R o n u . 2, 3, 4) 0

. 71 0

. 30 0

. 48 1 . 14 0

. 79 0

. 65 0

. 71 3

. 38 0

. 55 0

. 23 0

. 87 0

. 81 0

. 76 c t r l2 - 1 : S N CR 0 . 67 0

. 29 0

. 48 1 . 09 0

. 78 0

. 62 0

. 70 3

. 28 0

. 55 0

. 23 0

. 85 0

. 78 0

. 74 c t r l2 - 2 : SCR 0 . 62 0

. 29 0

. 48 1 . 02 0

. 75 0

. 60 0

. 69 3

. 18 0

. 52 0

. 23 0

. 81 0

. 75 0

. 69 

### 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 

# A P S C ho l l a 1 : 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 3 V i s ib i l i t y I m pa c t s ( d v; v i s. m e t h . v m 8b ; 22

n d h i g h) 

# N O x C o n t r o l s M od e l e d , E P

A R H F I P N P R , J an . 20

14 ( as s u m e s S C R B A R T o n u n i t s 2 , 3 , 4) I m p ac t , dv

C

a p i t o l Re e f NP Ga l i u r

o W i l d. G i l a W i l d. G r a n d

C a n yo n NP M a z at

z a l W i l d. M e s

a V e r d e NP M o u n t

Ba l dy W i l d. P

e t r i f i e d F o re s t NP P i n e M o un t a i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S

i e r r a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r s t i ti o n W i l d. S

y c a m o r e C a n yo n W i l d. c t rl - 0 / c t r l 2

_ r2 : B a s e ( SC R o n u . 2 , 3 ,4) c t r l2 - 1 : SN CR 0 . 04 0

. 01 0

. 01 0

. 05 0

. 02 0

. 03 0

. 01 0

. 10 0

. 01 0

. 00 0

. 02 0

. 03 0

. 03 c t r l2 - 2 : S CR 0 . 09 0

. 01 0

. 01 0

. 12 0

. 04 0

. 06 0

. 02 0

. 20 0

. 03 0

. 00 0

. 06 0

. 06 0

. 07 

### 0 .0 0 .1 0 .1 0 .2 0 .2 0 .3 

# A P S C ho l l a 1 : 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 3 V i s ib i l i t y B e n e f i t s ( d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m8

b ; 22n d h i g h) 

# N O x C o n t r ol s M od e l e d , E P

A R H F I P N P R , J a n. 2

0 14 ( as s u m e s S C R B A R T o n un i t s 2 , 3 , 4) Be n ef i t, dv

A Z R H F I P 3 T S D A pp. B , p. 22 (f r o m O th e r

_RP

_ v i s i b ili t y

_ r es u l t s .xl s x)

# A P

S C ho ll a un i t 1 , A r i zon a R H FI P N P R , J a nu ar y 2014 V i s i b ili t y Im p a c t , m e t hod vm 8

b , 22 nd h igh 

# Cl a ss I A r ea c

t r l - 0 /c t r l 2

_ r 2 : Ba s e ( S C R on u. 2,3,4) c

t r l 2 - 1 : S N CR c

t r l 2 - 2 : S CR C a pi t ol Ree f NP 0 . 71 0

. 67 0

. 62 G a liu r o Wild. 0 . 30 0

. 29 0

. 29 G il a Wild. 0 . 48 0

. 48 0

. 48 G r a nd C a n y o n NP 1 . 14 1 . 09 1 . 02 M a za t za l Wild. 0 . 79 0

. 78 0

. 75 M e s a V e r d e NP 0 . 65 0

. 62 0

. 60 M o un t Ba ld y Wild. 0 . 71 0

. 70 0

. 69 P e t r ifi e d F ore s

t NP 3

. 38 3

. 28 3

. 18 P in e M o un t

a in Wild. 0 . 55 0

. 55 0

. 52 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 23 0

. 23 0

. 23 Si e rr a A n c h a Wild. 0 . 87 0

. 85 0

. 81 S up e r s t i t ion Wild. 0 . 81 0

. 78 0

. 75 S y c a mo r e C a n y o n Wild. 0

. 76 0

. 74 0

. 69 C u m u l a t iv e (

su m) 11 . 39 11 . 06 10 . 64 M a x im um 3

. 38 3

. 28 3

. 18 # C I A s >= 0 . 5 dv 10 10 10

A P S C ho ll a un i t 1, Ar i zona RH F I P N P R , J a nu a r

y 2014 V i s i b ili t y B e n e fi t , m e t hod vm 8

b , 22 nd h igh 

# Cl a ss I A r ea c

t r l - 0 /c t r l 2

_ r 2 : Ba s e ( S C R on u. 2,3,4) c

t r l 2 - 1 : S N CR c

t r l 2 - 2 : S CR C a pi t ol Ree f NP 0 . 04 0

. 09 G a liu r o Wild. 0 . 01 0

. 01 G il a Wild. 0 . 01 0

. 01 G r a nd C a n y o n NP 0 . 05 0

. 12 M a za t za l Wild. 0 . 02 0

. 04 M e s a V e r d e NP 0 . 03 0

. 06 M o un t Ba ld y Wild. 0 . 01 0

. 02 P e t r ifi e d F ore s

t NP 0 . 10 0

. 20 P in e M o un t

a in Wild. 0 . 01 0

. 03 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 00 0

. 00 Si e rr a A n c h a Wild. 0 . 02 0

. 06 S up e r s t i t ion Wild. 0 . 03 0

. 06 S y c a mo r e C a n y o n Wild. 0 . 03 0

. 07 C u m u l a t iv e (

su m) 0 . 33 0

. 75 M a x im um 0 . 10 0

. 20 # C I A s im pro v e m e n t >=

0 . 3 dv 0 0

A Z R H F I P 3 T

S D A pp. B, p. 23 (

f r o m Ot h e r _R P

_ v isi b ili ty

_ r e s u l t s. x ls x)Ba n d e l i e r NM Ch i r i c

a h u a NM C h i r i c a h u a W il d. Ga l i u r o

W i l d. G i l a W i l d. G r a n d

C a n yo n NP M a z at

z a l W i l d. M o u n t

Ba l d y W i l d. P

e t r if i e d F o r e s t NP P i n e M o u n ta i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S a n P ed r o Pa r k s W i ld. S

i e r r a A n c h a W i l d. S u p e rs t i t io n W i l d. S

y c a m o r e C a n y on W i l d. Ba s e c a se 1 . 08 0

. 85 0

. 88 0

. 95 4

. 39 0

. 79 0

. 86 3

. 63 2 . 46 0

. 67 0

. 57 1 . 53 1 . 01 0 . 52 0

. 65 c t rl - 1 : S N CR 1 . 01 0

. 77 0

. 87 0

. 92 4

. 21 0

. 73 0

. 85 3

. 49 2 . 40 0

. 65 0

. 56 1 . 48 0

. 99 0

. 49 0

. 64 c t rl - 2 : S CR 0 . 95 0

. 71 0

. 86 0

. 87 3

. 99 0

. 72 0

. 85 3

. 31 2 . 37 0

. 61 0

. 53 1 . 31 0

. 96 0

. 46 0

. 61 

### 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 4 .5 5 .0 

# T E P Sp r i n g

e r v i l l e 1 & 2 : 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 3 V i s i bi l i t y I m p a c t s ( d v ; v i s . m e t h . v m 8b ; 22n d h i g h) 

# N O x C o n t r o l s M od e l e d , E P

A R H F I P N P R , J a n. 2

0 14 I m pa c t, dv

Ba n d e l i e r NM C h i r i c

a h u a NM C h i r i c a h u a W i l d. Ga l i u r

o W i l d. G i l a W il d. G r a n d C a ny o n NP M a z at

z a l W i l d. M o u n t

Ba l d y W i ld. P e t r i f

i ed F o r e s t NP P i n e M o u n ta i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S a n P ed r o P a rk s W i l d. S

i e rr a A n c h a W i l d. S u p e rs

t i ti on W i l d. S

y c a m o r e C a n yo n W i ld. Ba s e c a se c t r l - 1 : SN CR 0

. 07 0

. 07 0

. 00 0

. 03 0

. 18 0

. 07 0

. 01 0

. 13 0

. 06 0

. 02 0

. 01 0

. 05 0

. 02 0

. 03 0

. 02 c t rl - 2 : S CR 0 . 13 0

. 14 0

. 01 0

. 08 0

. 41 0

. 07 0

. 01 0

. 32 0

. 09 0

. 06 0

. 04 0

. 23 0

. 05 0

. 06 0

. 04 

### 0 . 00 0 . 05 0 . 10 0 . 15 0 . 20 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 35 0 . 40 0 . 45 

# T E P Sp r i n g

e r v i ll e 1 & 2 : 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 3 V i s i b i l i t y B e n ef i t s ( d v; v i s. m e t h . v m8

b ; 22n d h i g h) 

# N O x C on t r o l s M od e l e d , E P

A R H F I P N P R , J an . 2

0 14 B e n ef i t, dv

A Z R H F I P 3 T S D A pp. B , p. 24 (f r o m O th e r

_RP

_ v i s i b ili t y

_ r es u l t s .xl s x)

# T E P S p r i n g

er v ill e un i ts 1 & 2

, A r i z on a R H F I P N P R , J a nu a r y 2014 V i s i b ili t y Im p a ct , me thod v m 8

b , 22 nd h i gh 

# Cl a ss I A r ea B as

e c ase ct r l - 1 : S N CR ct r l - 2 : S CR B a nd e li e r NM 1 . 08 1 . 01 0 . 95 C h iri c a hu a NM 0 . 85 0

. 77 0

. 71 C h iri c a hu a W il d. 0 . 88 0

. 87 0

. 86 G a li u r o W il d. 0 . 95 0

. 92 0

. 87 G il a W il d. 4 . 39 4

. 21 3

. 99 G r a nd C a ny o n NP 0

. 79 0

. 73 0

. 72 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 86 0

. 85 0

. 85 M o unt B a l dy W il d. 3

. 63 3

. 49 3

. 31 P e t ri f i e d F o r e s t NP 2

. 46 2

. 40 2

. 37 Pi n e M o unt

a i n W il d. 0

. 67 0

. 65 0

. 61 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 57 0

. 56 0

. 53 S a n P e d r o P a r k s W il d. 1 . 53 1 . 48 1 . 31 S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. 1 . 01 0 . 99 0

. 96 S up e r s t i t i o n W il d. 0 . 52 0

. 49 0

. 46 S y c a m o r e C a ny o n W il d. 0

. 65 0

. 64 0

. 61 C u m u l a t i v e (

s u m) 20

. 83 20

. 05 19

. 10 Ma xi m um 4

. 39 4

. 21 3

. 99 # CI A s >= 0.5

dv 10 9 9

T E P S p r i n g

e rv ill e un i t s 1 & 2

, A r i zo n a R H FIP N P R , J a nu a ry 2014 V i s i b ili t y B e n e fi t , me thod v m 8

b , 22 nd h i gh 

# Cl a ss I A r ea B as

e c ase ct r l - 1 : S N CR ct r l - 2 : S CR B a nd e li e r NM 0 . 07 0

. 13 C h iri c a hu a NM 0 . 07 0

. 14 C h iri c a hu a W il d. 0 . 00 0

. 01 G a li u r o W il d. 0 . 03 0

. 08 G il a W il d. 0 . 18 0

. 41 G r a nd C a ny o n NP 0 . 07 0

. 07 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 01 0

. 01 M o unt B a l dy W il d. 0 . 13 0

. 32 P e t ri f i e d F o r e s t NP 0 . 06 0

. 09 Pi n e M o unt

a i n W il d. 0 . 02 0

. 06 S a g u a r o NP 0 . 01 0

. 04 S a n P e d r o P a r k s W il d. 0 . 05 0

. 23 S i e rr a A n c h a W il d. 0 . 02 0

. 05 S up e r s t i t i o n W il d. 0 . 03 0

. 06 S y c a m o r e C a ny o n W il d. 0 . 02 0

. 04 C u m u l a t i v e (

s u m) 0 . 79 1 . 73 Ma xi m um 0 . 18 0

. 41 # CI A s i m p r

o v eme nt >= 0.3 dv 0 2 

# m illi on $ / dv ( c u m

u l . dv) $6 .5 $12 .6 m illi on $ / dv ( ma x . dv) $28 .2 $53 .4 A Z R H F I P 3 T

S D A pp . B , p . 25 ( f r o m O t h e r

_ R P

_ vi s ibili t y

_ r e s ul t s . x l s x)C h i r i c a h u a NM Ch i r i c

a h u a W i l d. G a l i u r

o W i l d. G i l a W i l d. M a z at z a l W i l d. M o u n t Ba l dy

W i l d. P i n e

M ou n ta i n W i l d. S

a g u a r o NP S

i e r r a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r s t i t i on W i l d. c t r l 4: Ba s e c a s e ( SN C R o n u n i t 4) 0

. 43 0

. 51 1 . 10 0 . 17 0

. 19 0

. 15 0

. 15 3 . 40 0 . 19 0

. 32 U L N B ( c t r l2 - 1 a n d c t r l2 - 2) 0

. 51 0

. 58 1 . 32 0 . 19 0

. 21 0

. 17 0

. 16 3 . 80 0 . 21 0

. 35 

### 0 .0 0 .5 1 .0 1 .5 2 .0 2 .5 3 .0 3 .5 4 .0 

# T E P Sund t 1 , 2,3

: 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 3 V i s ib i l i t y I m p a c t s ( d v; v i s . m e t h . v m 8b ; 22

n d h i g h) 

# U L N B N O x C o n t r ol , E P A R H F I P N P R , J a n . 20

14 ( not e : U L N B i m p a ct

s i n t e r p o l a t e d f r o m r u n s wi thu n i t 4 a t

b a s e c as e a nd a t S

C R) I m p ac t , dv

C hi r i c a h u a NM C

h i r i c a hu a W i l d. Ga l i u r

o W i l d. G i l a W i l d. M a z at z a l W i l d. M o u n t Ba l d y

W i l d. P i n e

M o u n ta i n W i ld. S

a g u a r o NP S i e rr a A n c h a W i l d. S

u p e r s t i t i o n W il d. c t r l 4: Ba s e c a s e ( S NC R o n u n i t 4) U L N B ( c t r l2 - 1 a nd c

t r l2 - 2) 0

. 08 0

. 07 0

. 22 0

. 02 0

. 02 0

. 02 0

. 01 0

. 40 0

. 02 0

. 04 

### 0 . 00 0 . 05 0 . 10 0 . 15 0 . 20 0 . 25 0 . 30 0 . 35 0 . 40 0 . 45 

# T E P Sund t 1 ,2

, 3 : 2 0 0 1 - 2 0 0 3 V i s i bi l i t y B e n ef i t s ( d v; v i s. m e t h . v m8b ; 22n d h i g h) 

# N O x C o n t r o l s M od e l e d , E P

A R H F I P N P R , J

an . 2 0 14 ( n ot e : U L N B b e n e fi t s i n t

e r p o l a t e d f r o m r u n s wi t h un i t 4 a t b as e c a s e a n d a t S

C R) B e n ef i t , dv

A Z R H F I P 3 T S D A pp. B , p. 26 (f r o m O th e r

_RP

_ v i s i b ili t y

_ r es u l t s .xl s x)

# T E P S

undt un i ts 1 , 2

, 3 , A r i z on a RH F I P N P R , J a nu ar y 2014 V isi b ili t y I m pa c t , m e t hod v m8

b , 22 nd h i gh 

# C l a ss I A r ea c

t rl4 : Ba s e c a s e ( S NC R on un i t 4) U L N B ( c t rl2 - 1 and c t rl2 - 2) C h i r i c a hu a NM 0 . 43 0

. 51 C h i r i c a hu a W il d. 0 . 51 0

. 58 Ga li u r o W il d. 1 . 10 1 . 32 G il a W il d. 0 . 17 0

. 19 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 19 0

. 21 Mo un t Ba l d y W il d. 0 . 15 0

. 17 P i n e M o un t a i n W il d. 0

. 15 0

. 16 Sagua r o NP 3 . 40 3

. 80 S i e rra A n c h a W il d. 0

. 19 0

. 21 Sup e rs t i t i o n W il d. 0 . 32 0

. 35 C u m u l a t i v e

(s u m) 6

. 60 7 . 49 M a x im um 3

. 40 3

. 80 # C I A s >= 0 .5 dv 3 4 I n t e r p o l a t e d fr o m U L N B r e s u l t s h av i n g un i t 4 a t b as

e ( L N B) a nd un i t 4 w

i t h S CR T EP Sund t un i t

s 1 , 2 , 3 , A riz ona R H F I P N P R, J anua r y 2014 V isi b ili t y B e n e f i t , m e t hod v m8

b , 22 nd h i gh 

# C l a ss I A r ea c

t rl4 : Ba s e c a s e ( S NC R on un i t 4) U L N B ( c t rl2 - 1 and c t rl2 - 2) C h i r i c a hu a NM 0 . 08 C h i r i c a hu a W il d. 0 . 07 Ga li u r o W il d. 0 . 22 G il a W il d. 0 . 02 M a z a t z a l W il d. 0 . 02 M o un t Ba l d y W il d. 0 . 02 P i n e M o un t a i n W il d. 0 . 01 Sagua r o NP 0 . 40 S i e rra A n c h a W il d. 0 . 02 Sup e rs t i t i o n W il d. 0 . 04 C u m u l a t i v e

(s u m) 0 . 89 M a x im um 0 . 40 # C I A s im p r ov e m e n t >= 0.3 dv 1

A Z R H F I P 3 TS

D A pp . B , p . 27 (f

r o m O t h e r

_ R P

_ vi s ibili t y

_ r e s ul t s . x l s x)