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# Temporal and Spatial Turbidity Patterns Over 30 Years in a Managed Forest of Western Washington†

                - Maryanne Reiter 1 , 
                - John T. Heffner 2 , 
                - Storm Beech 2 , 
                - Ted Turner 1 , 
                - Robert E. Bilby 3

Article first published online: 20 APR 2009

DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00323.x

© 2009 American Water Resources Association

             Issue           

## JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association

Volume 45,  Issue 3, pages 793–808, June 2009

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How to CiteAuthor InformationPublication History

#### How to Cite

Reiter, M., Heffner, J. T., Beech, S., Turner, T. and Bilby, R. E. (2009), Temporal and Spatial Turbidity Patterns Over 30 Years in a Managed Forest of Western Washington. JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association, 45: 793–808. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00323.x

#### Author Information

                  - 1 Respectively, Hydrologist (Reiter) and Geologist (Turner), Weyerhaeuser Company, Environmental Forestry Research, 785 N. 42nd Street, Springfield, Oregon 97478
                  - 2 Environmental Forestry Research Technicians (Heffner, Beech), Weyerhaeuser Company, 505 N. Pearl Street, Centralia, Washington 98531
                  - 3 Senior Scientific Advisor (Bilby), WTC 1A5, 32901 Weyerhaeuser Way S, Federal Way, Washington 98001.

*(E-Mail/Reiter: maryanne.reiter@weyerhaeuser.com)

                - † 
               Paper No. JAWRA-07-0155-P of the *Journal of the American Water Resources Association* (JAWRA). **Discussions are open until six months from print publication**.

#### Publication History

                  - Issue published online: 26 MAY 2009
                  - Article first published online: 20 APR 2009
                  -  Received November 8, 2007; accepted December 9, 2008.

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### Keywords:

                - turbidity;
                - sediment;
                - monitoring;
                - time series analysis;
                - forest practices

**Abstract:** Forest practices have progressively changed over the last 30 years in the Pacific Northwest to address water quality concerns. There have been some assessments of these new management practices made at a site scale but very few studies have attempted to evaluate their efficacy at reducing cumulative sediment production at a watershed scale. Such an evaluation is difficult due to the spatial and temporal variability in sediment delivery and transport processes. Due to this inherent variability, detecting a response to management changes requires a long-term data record. We utilized a water quality dataset collected over 30 years at four locations in the Deschutes River watershed (western Washington) to assess trends in turbidity and whether sediment control procedures implemented over this time period had any detectable influence. The sample sites ranged from small headwater streams (2.4 and 3.0 km2) to the mainstem of the Deschutes River (150 km2). Declining trends in turbidity were detected at all the permanently monitored sites. The mainstem Deschutes River site, which integrates sediment processes from the entire study watershed, showed dramatic declines in turbidity even with continued active forest management. For the small basins, logging and road construction occurred in the 1970s and 1980s and turbidity declined thereafter, achieving prelogging levels by 2000. There are no temporal trends in flow that could be responsible for the observed trends in turbidity. Our results suggest that increased attention to reducing sediment production from roads and minimizing the amount of road runoff reaching stream channels has been the primary cause of the declining turbidity levels observed in this study.

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